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diff --git a/42821-8.txt b/42821-0.txt index 09ac5ea..ba16736 100644 --- a/42821-8.txt +++ b/42821-0.txt @@ -1,39 +1,4 @@ -Project Gutenberg's Notes and Queries, Number 243, June 24, 1854, by Various - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org - - -Title: Notes and Queries, Number 243, June 24, 1854 - A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, - Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc - -Author: Various - -Editor: George Bell - -Release Date: May 27, 2013 [EBook #42821] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES *** - - - - -Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins -and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at -http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images -generously made available by The Internet Archive/Canadian -Libraries) - - - - +*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 42821 *** {581} @@ -106,8 +71,8 @@ CONTENTS. REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES:--Vandyking--Monteith--A. M. and M. A.--Greek denounced by the Monks--Caldecott's Translation of the New Testament--Blue Bells of - Scotland--"De male quæsitis gaudet non tertius - hæres"--Mawkin--"Putting a spoke in his wheel"--Dog + Scotland--"De male quæsitis gaudet non tertius + hæres"--Mawkin--"Putting a spoke in his wheel"--Dog Latin--Swedish Words current in England--Mob--"Days of my Youth"--Encore--Richard Plantagenet, Earl of Cambridge--Right of redeeming Property--Latin Inscription @@ -122,7 +87,7 @@ CONTENTS. * * * * * -Multæ terricolis linguæ, coelestibus una. +Multæ terricolis linguæ, coelestibus una. SAMUEL BAGSTER AND SONS' @@ -139,7 +104,7 @@ Free. London: SAMUEL BAGSTER & SONS, 15. Paternoster Row. -[Greek: Pollai men thnêtois Glôttai, mia d'Athanatoisin] +[Greek: Pollai men thnêtois Glôttai, mia d'Athanatoisin] * * * * * @@ -222,12 +187,12 @@ Street, London. TO BOOK-COLLECTORS.--Now Ready, Gratis and Post-Free, T. MILLARD'S XXXVIth Catalogue of Second-hand Books, containing Illustrated London News, -complete, 23 vols., hf. calf, 15l., another, cloth, 12l.; Encyclopædia +complete, 23 vols., hf. calf, 15l., another, cloth, 12l.; Encyclopædia Britannica, sixth edition, calf, fine copy, 10gs., seventh edition, cloth, -14l.; Penny Cyclopædia, with Supplement, new hf. calf., 7l. 10s.; Dr. Adam +14l.; Penny Cyclopædia, with Supplement, new hf. calf., 7l. 10s.; Dr. Adam Clarke's Bible, new, 2l. 10s.; D'Oyly and Mant's Bible, 3l.; Nash's Mansions, new, 8gs.; Magistrated Statutes, 1835 to 1852, 6gs.; Tegg's -London Cyclopædia, 4l. 10s. +London Cyclopædia, 4l. 10s. 70. NEWGATE STREET, LONDON. @@ -376,7 +341,7 @@ WHITTY. be Mr. Edward Whitty, a name which has only the aspirate _de trop_."--_Leader._ -TRÜBNER & CO., 12. Paternoster Row. +TRÃœBNER & CO., 12. Paternoster Row. * * * * * @@ -553,7 +518,7 @@ MEMOIRS OF GRAMMONT. (Vol. viii., pp. 461. 549.; Vol. ix., pp. 3. 204. 356.) - "Des gens qui écrivent pour le Comte de Grammont peuvent compter sur + "Des gens qui écrivent pour le Comte de Grammont peuvent compter sur quelque indulgence."--Vide Introduction to the Memoirs. Grammont's first visit to England may have been in Nov. 1655, when @@ -610,8 +575,8 @@ Comminges' letters, dated in that month, it must have been on a day subsequent to the 24th December. Their youngest child, who was afterwards an abbess, was born on the 27th December, 1667. -It has been stated that Grammont was the hero of Molière's _Mariage -forcée_, which was performed before the Court at Versailles in 1664. +It has been stated that Grammont was the hero of Molière's _Mariage +forcée_, which was performed before the Court at Versailles in 1664. Comminges' letter of May 19-24, 1664, may allude to the Count's conduct to Miss Hamilton. He was twenty years older than the lady. @@ -619,7 +584,7 @@ Under date of October 24-November 3, 1664, Comminges announces the departure from London of the Count and Countess de Grammont. The Count was present with the King at the conquest of Franche Comte in -1660, and in particular at the siege of Dôle in February, 1668. The Count +1660, and in particular at the siege of Dôle in February, 1668. The Count and Countess were subsequently in England, as King Charles himself writes to the Duchess of Orleans on the 24th October, 1669, that the Count and Countess, with their family, were returning to France by way of Dieppe. @@ -630,12 +595,12 @@ the recall of his nephew, the Count de Guiche. Evelyn mentions in his _Diary_ dining on the 10th May, 1671, at Sir Thomas Clifford's, "where dined Monsieur de Grammont and several French noblemen." -Madame de Sévigné names the Count in her letter of 5th January, 1672. +Madame de Sévigné names the Count in her letter of 5th January, 1672. He was present at the siege of Maestricht, which surrendered to the King in person on the 29th June, 1673. -Madame de Sévigné names the Count again in her letter of the 31st July, +Madame de Sévigné names the Count again in her letter of the 31st July, 1675. The Duchess of Orleans (the second) relates the great favour in which the @@ -645,7 +610,7 @@ He was present at the sieges of Cambray and Namur in April, 1677, and February, 1678. We obtain many glimpses of the Count and Countess in subsequent years in -the pages of Madame de Sévigné, Dangeau, and others, which may be consulted +the pages of Madame de Sévigné, Dangeau, and others, which may be consulted in preference to filling your columns with extracts. {584} In 1688, Grammont was sent by the Duke of Orleans to congratulate James II. @@ -877,7 +842,7 @@ SEPULCHRAL MONUMENTS. A divine, reasoning philosophically with a lady on the possibility of the appearance of ghosts, was much perplexed by her simple inquiry as to where -the clothes came from. If then the mediæval effigies are alive, how can the +the clothes came from. If then the mediæval effigies are alive, how can the costume be reconciled with their position? Where do their clothes come from? The theory advanced in the two preceding Numbers seems to offer a ready solution. Another corroborative fact remains to be stated, that when @@ -962,7 +927,7 @@ Mr. Petit, in the preface (page x.) to his _Architectural Studies_, after due praise, asserts-- "That no sculptor anxious to advance his own reputation and art will - ever set up a mediæval statue as his model. He may acknowledge its + ever set up a mediæval statue as his model. He may acknowledge its merits, and learn much from a careful examination of it, but still he will not look up to its designer as his master and guide." @@ -994,7 +959,7 @@ conventionalism of their monumental sculpture. C. T. -I agree with C. T. in thinking that the usual recumbent figure on mediæval +I agree with C. T. in thinking that the usual recumbent figure on mediæval tombs was intended to represent a dead body, and more particularly to represent the body as it had lain in state, or had been borne to the grave; and I will add one or two additional reasons for this opinion. In the @@ -1067,7 +1032,7 @@ passed into early Christian monuments, the instance in Micali at least shows that the idea of representing a dead body on a tomb is a very ancient one. It may be added, perhaps, that it is an obvious one. -Though the reasons for thinking that the ordinary mediæval figure +Though the reasons for thinking that the ordinary mediæval figure represents death may not be conclusive, still that opinion is, I think, entitled to be looked upon as the more probable one, until some satisfactory reason is given why a _living_ person should be represented @@ -1079,7 +1044,7 @@ expressing some favourite idea or sentiment. Thus, in the proposed monument of Henry VIII., though the king and queen are directed to be represented as living, their souls are to be represented in the hand of "the Father." -In modern tombs the mediæval idea has been entirely departed from, and the +In modern tombs the mediæval idea has been entirely departed from, and the recumbent position sometimes expresses neither death, nor even sleep, but simple repose, or contemplation, resignation, hope, &c. If it is proper or desirable to express these or other sentiments in a recumbent figure, it @@ -1152,10 +1117,10 @@ Gardiner, of the date Jan. 18 [1554], printed by Whitaker (p. 271. seq.)] printed before. Where?] [Footnote 7: This, I believe, unpublished letter is referred to by Osorius, -in a letter to Ascham (_Aschami Epistolæ_, p. 397.: Oxon. 1703).] +in a letter to Ascham (_Aschami Epistolæ_, p. 397.: Oxon. 1703).] [Footnote 8: Both of these have been printed, the letter in _Aschami -Epistolæ_, lib. i. ep. 4. p. 68. seq. Compare on the commentary, ibid. pp. +Epistolæ_, lib. i. ep. 4. p. 68. seq. Compare on the commentary, ibid. pp. 70. and 209.] * * * * * @@ -1333,7 +1298,7 @@ I thank G. W. R. for his courteous remarks on my note on Cranmer. Perhaps I have overstated the effect of pain on the nervous system; certainly I was wrong in making a wider assertion than was required by my case, which is, that no man could hold his hand over unconfined flame till it was "entirely -consumed" or "burnt to a coal." "Bruslée à feu de souphre" does not go so +consumed" or "burnt to a coal." "Bruslée à feu de souphre" does not go so far as that, nor is it said at what time of the burning Ravaillac raised his head to look at his hand. @@ -1371,7 +1336,7 @@ H. B. C. U. U. Club. -Permit me to offer to H. B. C.'s consideration the case of Mutius Scævola, +Permit me to offer to H. B. C.'s consideration the case of Mutius Scævola, who, failing in his attempt to kill Porsenna in his own camp, and being taken before the king, thrust his right hand into the fire, and held it there until burnt; at the same time declaring that he knew three hundred @@ -1386,7 +1351,7 @@ ways: 1. An exalted state of feeling; instance Joan of Arc. -2. Fortitude; instance Mutius Scævola. +2. Fortitude; instance Mutius Scævola. 3. Nervous insensibility; which carries the vanquished American Indian through the most exquisite tortures, and enables him to fall asleep on the @@ -1469,7 +1434,7 @@ the same writer's _Christian Morals_ is much more to the point: of being twice the same men upon earth, and some had rather never have lived than to tread over their days once more_. Cicero, in a prosperous state, had not the patience to think of beginning in a cradle again. - ('Si quis Deus mihi largiatur, ut repuerascam et in cunis vagiam, valdè + ('Si quis Deus mihi largiatur, ut repuerascam et in cunis vagiam, valdè recusem.'--_De Senectute._) Job would not only curse the day of his nativity, but also of his renascency, if he were to act over his disasters and the miseries of the dunghill. But the greatest @@ -1504,7 +1469,7 @@ or descending; we cannot stand still. A man, then, in whom the higher life predominates, were he to live life over again, would {592} grow from grace to grace, and his status in the -spirit world would be higher than in the first life, and _vice versâ_; an +spirit world would be higher than in the first life, and _vice versâ_; an evil man[10] would be more completely evil, and would rank in a darker and more bestial form. They who hear not the good tidings will not be persuaded though one rose from the dead; and those with whom the experience of one @@ -1606,10 +1571,10 @@ abbreviated word, remarks,-- the Greek letters of the word Christus, as also Jesus, are always retained, except that the terminations are changed according to the Latin language. Jesus is written [=IHS], or in small characters ihs, - which is the Greek [Greek: [=IÊS]] or [Greek: [=iês]], an - abbreviation for [Greek: iêsous]. However, the scribes knew nothing of + which is the Greek [Greek: [=IÊS]] or [Greek: [=iês]], an + abbreviation for [Greek: iêsous]. However, the scribes knew nothing of this for a thousand years before the invention of printing, for if they - had they would not have written [=ihs] for [Greek: iêsous]; but they + had they would not have written [=ihs] for [Greek: iêsous]; but they ignorantly copied after one another such letters as they found put for these words. Nay, at length they pretended to find _Jesus Hominum Salvator_ comprehended in the word [=IHS], which is another proof that @@ -1631,7 +1596,7 @@ abbreviated word, remarks,-- that at p. 100., in speaking of the MSS. of the Codex Vaticanus, he says, 'The abbreviations are few, being confined chiefly to those words which are in general abbreviated, such as [theta]C, KC, IC, XC, for - [Greek: Theos], [Greek: Kurios], [Greek: Iêsous], [Greek: Christos], + [Greek: Theos], [Greek: Kurios], [Greek: Iêsous], [Greek: Christos], _God_, _Lord_, _Jesus_, _Christ_.' At the end of these words, in the abbreviations, the _c_ is used for the _s_.--_Peter._" @@ -1868,7 +1833,7 @@ Hellidon Church, Northants: 1. "God save the King. 1635." - 2. "IHS Nazarenus rex Judæorum fili Dei miserere mei. 1635." + 2. "IHS Nazarenus rex Judæorum fili Dei miserere mei. 1635." 3. "Celorum Christe platiat [_sic_] tibi rex sonus iste. 1615." @@ -1954,7 +1919,7 @@ The legend noted from a bell at Sidmouth (Vol. ix., p. 109.), namely,-- "Est michi collatum Ihc istud nomen amatum," -is not an unusual inscription on mediæval black-letter bells, if I may use +is not an unusual inscription on mediæval black-letter bells, if I may use the expression. The characters are small. It is on two bells at Teignmouth, and is on one of the bells in this tower: @@ -1967,7 +1932,7 @@ and is on one of the bells in this tower: A correspondent, MR. W. S. SIMPSON (Vol. viii., p. 448.), asks the date of the earliest known examples of bells. -Dates on mediæval bells are, I believe, very rare in England. I have but +Dates on mediæval bells are, I believe, very rare in England. I have but few notes of any. My impression is that such bells are as old as the towers which contain them, judging from the character of the letter, the wear and tear of the iron work, aye, of the bell itself. Many old bells have been @@ -2029,27 +1994,27 @@ The great bell: Ponderat et millia decies septiesq. librarum." 2. "In nomine Patris, et Filii, et Spiritus Sancti. Am[=e]. - Ad honorem Dei, et Beatæ Mariæ Virginis, + Ad honorem Dei, et Beatæ Mariæ Virginis, Et Beatorum Apostolorum Petri et Pauli, Verbum Caro factum est, Solve jubente Deo terrar[=u] Petre cathenas, qui facis, Ut pateant coelestia Regna beatis, M - Hæc campana cum alia majore ponderante --- + Hæc campana cum alia majore ponderante --- XVI. Post consumptionem ignito fulgure, anno precedente imminente, fusa est, anno Domini MCCCLIII. - Mense Junii, et ponderat hæc MX et centena librarum. + Mense Junii, et ponderat hæc MX et centena librarum. Amen." 3. "Nomine Dominico Patris, prolisq. spirati - Ordine tertiam Petri primæ succedere noscant. + Ordine tertiam Petri primæ succedere noscant. Per dies paucos quotquot sub nomine dicto Sanctam Ecclesiam colunt in agmine trino. Amen." - 4. "Anno Domini MCCLXXXVIIII. ad honorem Dei, et Beatæ Mariæ Virginis, - et Sancti Thomæ Apostoli Tempore Fratris Joannis de Leodio Ministri, - factum fuit hoc opus de legato quondam Domini {596} Rikardi Domini Papæ + 4. "Anno Domini MCCLXXXVIIII. ad honorem Dei, et Beatæ Mariæ Virginis, + et Sancti Thomæ Apostoli Tempore Fratris Joannis de Leodio Ministri, + factum fuit hoc opus de legato quondam Domini {596} Rikardi Domini Papæ Notarii. Guidottus Pisanus me fecit." On a small bell: @@ -2064,7 +2029,7 @@ In the Church of St. John Lateran was a bell with a mutilated inscription; but the date is plain, 1389. The name of Boniface IX. is on it, who was Sum. Pont. in that year. -In the Church of St. Mariæ Majoris were two bells dated anno Dom. 1285; and +In the Church of St. Mariæ Majoris were two bells dated anno Dom. 1285; and another 1291. In the Church of the Jesuits was a bell with this inscription, brought from @@ -2076,8 +2041,8 @@ England: Roccha, who published his _Commentary_ 1612, says: "In multis Campanis _fit mentio de Anno, in quo facta est Campana_, - necnon de ipsius Ecclesiæ Rectore, vel optime merito, et Campanæ - artifice, _ut ego ipse vidi Romæ_, ubi præcipuarum Ecclesiarum, et + necnon de ipsius Ecclesiæ Rectore, vel optime merito, et Campanæ + artifice, _ut ego ipse vidi Romæ_, ubi præcipuarum Ecclesiarum, et Basilicarum inscriptiones Campanis incisas perlegi."--P. 55. So that it would appear that the practice of inscribing dates on bells was @@ -2087,24 +2052,24 @@ another foreign bell or two with an early date. At Strasburg: - "[+] O Rex gloriæ Christe, veni cum pace! MCCCLXXV. tertio Nonas Augusti." + "[+] O Rex gloriæ Christe, veni cum pace! MCCCLXXV. tertio Nonas Augusti." On another: - "Vox ego sum vitæ, voco vos, orate, venite. 1461." + "Vox ego sum vitæ, voco vos, orate, venite. 1461." On a bell called St. D'Esprit: "Anno Dom. MCCCCXXVII mense Julio fusa sum, per Magistrum Joannem Gremp de Argentina. - Nuncio festa, metum, nova quædam flebile lethum." + Nuncio festa, metum, nova quædam flebile lethum." A bell called the Magistrates: "Als man zahlt 1475 Jahr War Kaiser Friedrick hier offenbar: Da hat mich Meister Thomas Jost gegossen - Dem Rath zu laüten ohnverdrossen." + Dem Rath zu laüten ohnverdrossen." On another: @@ -2122,7 +2087,7 @@ What V. means is rather a puzzle. I fear I have already extended this reply to a length beyond all fair limit. I may at some future time (if desirable) send you a long roll of -legends on mediæval bells without dates, and others of the seventeenth and +legends on mediæval bells without dates, and others of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, some of a devotional character, and others of the style of unseemly and godless epitaphs. But it is to be hoped that in these, as in other like matters, a better taste is beginning to @@ -2308,7 +2273,7 @@ infant daughter of his deceased brother Victor. Victor Emanuel's _second_ daughter was Maria Theresa, who married Charles Duke of Parma, as stated by E. S. S. W. -The present Countess of Chambord is Maria Theresa Beatrice-Gaëtana, the +The present Countess of Chambord is Maria Theresa Beatrice-Gaëtana, the eldest of the two sisters of Francis V., Duke of Modena. She is therefore wife of the representative of the House of Bourbon, and sister to the representative of the House of Stuart. @@ -2413,7 +2378,7 @@ at monopoly. It is difficult to imagine how a claim can be established to a right in an invention made many years subsequent to the date of the patent under which the claim is made--not only made by another person, but differing so widely -in principle from the patent process. The advertisement in the _Athenæum_ +in principle from the patent process. The advertisement in the _Athenæum_ of Saturday last (June 10) shows plainly that it is intended, if possible, to prevent the production of portraits on collodion by any person not licensed by Mr. Talbot; and the harshness of this proceeding, after the @@ -2503,7 +2468,7 @@ John Smith, B.A., or Johannes S., A.B. If he put John Smith, A.B., a doubt might exist whether he were not an _able-bodied_ seaman, for that is implied by A.B. attached to an English name. The editor of Farindon's _Sermons_, who is, I believe, a Dissenter, styles himself the Reverend T. -Jackson, S.T.P., _i. e._ Sacrosanctæ Theologiæ {600} Professor. He might as +Jackson, S.T.P., _i. e._ Sacrosanctæ Theologiæ {600} Professor. He might as well have part of his title in Sanscrit, as part in English and part in Latin. @@ -2518,7 +2483,7 @@ E. G. R., M.A. Cambridge. _Greek denounced by the Monks_ (Vol. ix., p. 467).--In his _History of the -Reformation_ (b. I. ch. iii.), D'Aubigné says,-- +Reformation_ (b. I. ch. iii.), D'Aubigné says,-- "The monks asserted that all heresies arose from those two languages [Greek and Hebrew], and particularly from the Greek. 'The New @@ -2528,7 +2493,7 @@ Reformation_ (b. I. ch. iii.), D'Aubigné says,-- is certain that all who learn it immediately become Jews.' Heresbach, a friend of Erasmus and a respectable author, reports these expressions." -Had there been more authority, probably D'Aubigné would have quoted it. +Had there been more authority, probably D'Aubigné would have quoted it. B. H. C. @@ -2550,7 +2515,7 @@ p. 465. See also the rebuke administered by Henry VIII. to a preacher who had "launched forth against Greek and its new interpreters," in Erasmus, -_Epp._, p. 347., quoted in D'Aubigné's _Reformation_, book XVIII. 1. +_Epp._, p. 347., quoted in D'Aubigné's _Reformation_, book XVIII. 1. C. W. BINGHAM. @@ -2599,32 +2564,32 @@ time when it was sung on the stage by Mrs. Jordan. Can any one inform me whether the air is ancient or modern? -HONORÉ DE MAREVILLE. +HONORÉ DE MAREVILLE. Guernsey. -"_De male quæsitis gaudet non tertius hæres_" (Vol. ii., p. 167.).--The +"_De male quæsitis gaudet non tertius hæres_" (Vol. ii., p. 167.).--The quotation here wanted has hitherto been neglected. The words may be found, -with a slight variation, in _Bellochii Praxis Moralis Theologiæ, de casibus +with a slight variation, in _Bellochii Praxis Moralis Theologiæ, de casibus reservatis, &c._, Venetiis, 1627, 4to. As the work is not common, I send the passage for insertion, which I know will be acceptable to other correspondents as well as to the querist: "Divino judicio permittitur ut tales surreptores rerum sacrarum diu - ipsis rebus furtivis non lætentur, sed imo ab aliis nequioribus furibus - præfatæ res illis {601} abripiantur, ut de se ipso fassus est ille, qui - in suis ædibus hoc distichon inscripsit, ut refert Jo. Bonif., lib. de - furt., § contrectatio, num. 134. in fin.: + ipsis rebus furtivis non lætentur, sed imo ab aliis nequioribus furibus + præfatæ res illis {601} abripiantur, ut de se ipso fassus est ille, qui + in suis ædibus hoc distichon inscripsit, ut refert Jo. Bonif., lib. de + furt., § contrectatio, num. 134. in fin.: 'Congeries lapidum variis constructa rapinis, Aut uret, aut ruet, aut raptor alter habebit.' Et juxta illud: - 'De rebus male acquisitis, non gaudebit tertius hæres.' + 'De rebus male acquisitis, non gaudebit tertius hæres.' Lazar (de monitorio), sect. 4. 9. 4., num. 16., imo nec secundus, ut - ingenuè et perbellè fatetur in suo poemate, nostro idiomate Jerusalem + ingenuè et perbellè fatetur in suo poemate, nostro idiomate Jerusalem celeste acquistata, cant. x. num. 88. Pater Frater Augustinus Gallutius de Mandulcho, ita canendo: @@ -2678,14 +2643,14 @@ Philadelphia. _Swedish Words current in England_ (Vol. vii., pp. 231. 366.).--Very many Swedish words are current in the north of England, _e. gr._ _barn_ or -_bearn_ (Scotticè _bairn_), Sw. _barn_; _bleit_ or _blate_, bashful, Sw. -_blöd_; to _cleam_, to fasten, to spread thickly over, Sw. _klemma_; _cod_, +_bearn_ (Scotticè _bairn_), Sw. _barn_; _bleit_ or _blate_, bashful, Sw. +_blöd_; to _cleam_, to fasten, to spread thickly over, Sw. _klemma_; _cod_, pillow, Sw. _kudde_; to _gly_, to squint, Sw. _glo_; to _lope_, to leap, -Sw. _löpa_; to _late_ (Cumberland), to seek, Sw. _leta_; _sackless_, -without crime, Sw. _saklös_; _sark_, shirt, Sw. _särk_; to _thole_ +Sw. _löpa_; to _late_ (Cumberland), to seek, Sw. _leta_; _sackless_, +without crime, Sw. _saklös_; _sark_, shirt, Sw. _särk_; to _thole_ (Derbyshire), to endure, Sw. _tala_; to _walt_, to totter, to overthrow, -Sw. _wälta_; to _warp_, to lay eggs, Sw. _wärpa_; _wogh_ (Lancashire), -wall, Sw. _wägg_, &c. It is a fact very little known, that the Swedish +Sw. _wälta_; to _warp_, to lay eggs, Sw. _wärpa_; _wogh_ (Lancashire), +wall, Sw. _wägg_, &c. It is a fact very little known, that the Swedish language bears the closest resemblance of all modern languages to the English as regards grammatical structure, not even the Danish excepted. @@ -2748,7 +2713,7 @@ inheritances in families. It must be exercised within a year of the purchase. For farther information on the subject, Berry's _History of Guernsey_, p. 176., may be consulted. -HONORÉ DE MAREVILLE. +HONORÉ DE MAREVILLE. Guernsey. @@ -2758,7 +2723,7 @@ correspondents on the inscription upon Lindsey Court-house. Try it thus: "Fiat Justitia, 1619, - Hæc domus + Hæc domus _O_dit, amat, punit, conservat, honorat, _N_equitiam, pacem, crimina, jura, bonos." @@ -2817,14 +2782,14 @@ also called the whinchat. WM. HAZEL. _Mousehunt_ (Vol. ix., p. 65. &c.).--G. TENNYSON identifies the mousehunt -with the beechmartin, the _very largest_ of our _Mustelidæ_, on the +with the beechmartin, the _very largest_ of our _Mustelidæ_, on the authority of Henley "the dramatic commentator." Was he a naturalist too? I never heard of him as such. Now, MR. W. R. D. SALMON, who first asked the question, speaks of it as _less_ than the common weasel, and quotes Mr. Colquhoun's opinion, that it is only "the young of the year." I have no doubt at all that this is -correct. The young of all the _Mustelidæ_ hunt, and to a casual observer +correct. The young of all the _Mustelidæ_ hunt, and to a casual observer exhibit all the actions of full-grown animals, when not more than half the size of their parents. There seems no reason to suppose that there are more than four species known in England, the weasel, the stoat or ermine, the @@ -3069,7 +3034,7 @@ PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION. THE EXHIBITION OF PHOTOGRAPHS, by the most eminent English and Continental Artists, is OPEN DAILY from Ten till Five. Free Admission. - £ s. d. + £ s. d. A Portrait by Mr. Talbot's Patent Process 1 1 0 Additional Copies (each) 0 5 0 @@ -3204,7 +3169,7 @@ the elegance of their construction renders them a handsome ornament for the library, boudoir, or drawing-room. (Signed) J. L. Abel, F. Benedict, H. R. Bishop, J. Blewitt, J. Brizzi, T. P. Chipp, P. Delavanti, C. H. Dolby, E. F. Fitzwilliam, W. Forde, Stephen Glover, Henri Herz, E. Harrison, H. F. -Hassé, J. L. Hatton, Catherine Hayes, W. H. Holmes, W. Kuhe, G. F. +Hassé, J. L. Hatton, Catherine Hayes, W. H. Holmes, W. Kuhe, G. F. Kiallmark, E. Land, G. Lanza, Alexander Lee. A. Leffler, E. J. Loder, W. H. Montgomery, S. Nelson, G. A. Osborne, John Parry, H. Panofka, Henry Phillips, F. Praegar, E. F. Rimbault, Frank Romer, G. H. Rodwell, E. @@ -3246,7 +3211,7 @@ the Prospectus. Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100l., with a Share in three-fourths of the Profits:-- - Age £ s. d. | Age £ s. d. + Age £ s. d. | Age £ s. d. 17 1 14 4 | 32 2 10 8 22 1 18 8 | 37 2 18 6 27 2 4 5 | 42 3 8 2 @@ -3315,363 +3280,4 @@ London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.--Saturday, June 24. 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You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org - - -Title: Notes and Queries, Number 243, June 24, 1854 - A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, - Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc - -Author: Various - -Editor: George Bell - -Release Date: May 27, 2013 [EBook #42821] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES *** - - - - -Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins -and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at -http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images -generously made available by The Internet Archive/Canadian -Libraries) - - - - - - -</pre> +<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 42821 ***</div> <p><!-- Page 581 --><span class="pagenum" title="581.png"><a name="page581"></a>{581}</span></p> @@ -190,7 +148,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <tr><td class="pl1"><span class="sc">Photographic Correspondence</span>:—Mr. Townsend's Wax-paper Process—Photographic Litigation</td> <td class="ar vbm"><a href="#page598">598</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="pl1"><span class="sc">Replies to Minor Queries</span>:—Vandyking—Monteith—A. M. and M. A.—Greek denounced by the Monks—Caldecott's Translation of the New Testament—Blue Bells of Scotland—"De male quæsitis gaudet non tertius hæres"—Mawkin—"Putting a spoke in his wheel"—Dog Latin—Swedish Words current in England—Mob—"Days of my Youth"—Encore—Richard Plantagenet, Earl of Cambridge—Right of redeeming Property—Latin Inscription on Lindsey Court-house—Myrtle Bee—Mousehunt—Longfellow's "Hyperion"—Benjamin Rush—Quakers executed in North America</td> +<tr><td class="pl1"><span class="sc">Replies to Minor Queries</span>:—Vandyking—Monteith—A. M. and M. A.—Greek denounced by the Monks—Caldecott's Translation of the New Testament—Blue Bells of Scotland—"De male quæsitis gaudet non tertius hæres"—Mawkin—"Putting a spoke in his wheel"—Dog Latin—Swedish Words current in England—Mob—"Days of my Youth"—Encore—Richard Plantagenet, Earl of Cambridge—Right of redeeming Property—Latin Inscription on Lindsey Court-house—Myrtle Bee—Mousehunt—Longfellow's "Hyperion"—Benjamin Rush—Quakers executed in North America</td> <td class="ar vbm"><a href="#page599">599</a></td></tr> <tr><td><span class="sc">Miscellaneous</span>:—</td></tr> @@ -202,7 +160,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <hr class="full" /> -<p class="ac">Multæ terricolis linguæ, cœlestibus una.</p> +<p class="ac">Multæ terricolis linguæ, cœlestibus una.</p> <p class="ac">SAMUEL BAGSTER AND SONS'</p> @@ -221,7 +179,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <p class="ac">London: SAMUEL BAGSTER & SONS, 15. Paternoster Row.</p> -<p class="ac"><span title="Pollai men thnêtois Glôttai, mia d'Athanatoisin" class="grk">Πολλαι μεν θνητοις Γλωτται, μια δ'Αθανατοισιν</span></p> +<p class="ac"><span title="Pollai men thnêtois Glôttai, mia d'Athanatoisin" class="grk">Πολλαι μεν θνητοις Γλωτται, μια δ'Αθανατοισιν</span></p> <hr class="full" /> @@ -301,12 +259,12 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <p>TO BOOK-COLLECTORS.—Now Ready, Gratis and Post-Free, T. MILLARD'S XXXVIth Catalogue of Second-hand Books, containing Illustrated London News, complete, 23 vols., hf. calf, 15<i>l.</i>, another, cloth, - 12<i>l.</i>; Encyclopædia Britannica, sixth edition, calf, fine copy, - 10gs., seventh edition, cloth, 14<i>l.</i>; Penny Cyclopædia, with + 12<i>l.</i>; Encyclopædia Britannica, sixth edition, calf, fine copy, + 10gs., seventh edition, cloth, 14<i>l.</i>; Penny Cyclopædia, with Supplement, new hf. calf., 7<i>l.</i> 10<i>s.</i>; Dr. Adam Clarke's Bible, new, 2<i>l.</i> 10<i>s.</i>; D'Oyly and Mant's Bible, 3<i>l.</i>; Nash's Mansions, new, 8gs.; Magistrated Statutes, 1835 to 1852, 6gs.; - Tegg's London Cyclopædia, 4<i>l.</i> 10<i>s.</i></p> + Tegg's London Cyclopædia, 4<i>l.</i> 10<i>s.</i></p> <p class="ac">70. NEWGATE STREET, LONDON.</p> @@ -452,7 +410,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> </blockquote> -<p class="ac">TRÜBNER & CO., 12. Paternoster Row.</p> +<p class="ac">TRÃœBNER & CO., 12. Paternoster Row.</p> <hr class="full" /> @@ -629,7 +587,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <blockquote class="b1n"> - <p>"Des gens qui écrivent pour le Comte de Grammont peuvent compter sur + <p>"Des gens qui écrivent pour le Comte de Grammont peuvent compter sur quelque indulgence."—Vide Introduction to the Memoirs.</p> </blockquote> @@ -693,8 +651,8 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> a day subsequent to the 24th December. Their youngest child, who was afterwards an abbess, was born on the 27th December, 1667.</p> - <p>It has been stated that Grammont was the hero of Molière's <i>Mariage - forcée</i>, which was performed before the Court at Versailles in 1664. + <p>It has been stated that Grammont was the hero of Molière's <i>Mariage + forcée</i>, which was performed before the Court at Versailles in 1664. Comminges' letter of May 19-24, 1664, may allude to the Count's conduct to Miss Hamilton. He was twenty years older than the lady.</p> @@ -702,7 +660,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> departure from London of the Count and Countess de Grammont.</p> <p>The Count was present with the King at the conquest of Franche Comte - in 1660, and in particular at the siege of Dôle in February, 1668. The + in 1660, and in particular at the siege of Dôle in February, 1668. The Count and Countess were subsequently in England, as King Charles himself writes to the Duchess of Orleans on the 24th October, 1669, that the Count and Countess, with their family, were returning to France by way of @@ -715,13 +673,13 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> Sir Thomas Clifford's, "where dined Monsieur de Grammont and several French noblemen."</p> - <p>Madame de Sévigné names the Count in her letter of 5th January, + <p>Madame de Sévigné names the Count in her letter of 5th January, 1672.</p> <p>He was present at the siege of Maestricht, which surrendered to the King in person on the 29th June, 1673.</p> - <p>Madame de Sévigné names the Count again in her letter of the 31st + <p>Madame de Sévigné names the Count again in her letter of the 31st July, 1675.</p> <p>The Duchess of Orleans (the second) relates the great favour in which @@ -731,7 +689,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> February, 1678.</p> <p>We obtain many glimpses of the Count and Countess in subsequent years - in the pages of Madame de Sévigné, Dangeau, and others, which may be + in the pages of Madame de Sévigné, Dangeau, and others, which may be consulted in preference to filling your columns with extracts. <!-- Page 584 --><span class="pagenum" title="584.png"><a name="page584"></a>{584}</span></p> @@ -994,7 +952,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <p>A divine, reasoning philosophically with a lady on the possibility of the appearance of ghosts, was much perplexed by her simple inquiry as to - where the clothes came from. If then the mediæval effigies are alive, how + where the clothes came from. If then the mediæval effigies are alive, how can the costume be reconciled with their position? Where do their clothes come from? The theory advanced in the two preceding Numbers seems to offer a ready solution. Another corroborative fact remains to be stated, @@ -1091,7 +1049,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <blockquote class="b1n"> <p>"That no sculptor anxious to advance his own reputation and art will - ever set up a mediæval statue as his model. He may acknowledge its + ever set up a mediæval statue as his model. He may acknowledge its merits, and learn much from a careful examination of it, but still he will not look up to its designer as his master and guide."</p> @@ -1127,7 +1085,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <p class="author">C. T.</p> <p>I agree with C. T. in thinking that the usual recumbent figure on - mediæval tombs was intended to represent a dead body, and more + mediæval tombs was intended to represent a dead body, and more particularly to represent the body as it had lain in state, or had been borne to the grave; and I will add one or two additional reasons for this opinion. In the description in Speed, of the intended monument of Henry @@ -1211,7 +1169,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> of representing a dead body on a tomb is a very ancient one. It may be added, perhaps, that it is an obvious one.</p> - <p>Though the reasons for thinking that the ordinary mediæval figure + <p>Though the reasons for thinking that the ordinary mediæval figure represents death may not be conclusive, still that opinion is, I think, entitled to be looked upon as the more probable one, until some satisfactory reason is given why a <i>living</i> person should be @@ -1224,7 +1182,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> to be represented as living, their souls are to be represented in the hand of "the Father."</p> - <p>In modern tombs the mediæval idea has been entirely departed from, and + <p>In modern tombs the mediæval idea has been entirely departed from, and the recumbent position sometimes expresses neither death, nor even sleep, but simple repose, or contemplation, resignation, hope, &c. If it is proper or desirable to express these or other sentiments in a recumbent @@ -1321,12 +1279,12 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <a name="footnote7"></a><b>Footnote 7:</b><a href="#footnotetag7">(return)</a> <p>This, I believe, unpublished letter is referred to by Osorius, in a - letter to Ascham (<i>Aschami Epistolæ</i>, p. 397.: Oxon. 1703).</p> + letter to Ascham (<i>Aschami Epistolæ</i>, p. 397.: Oxon. 1703).</p> <a name="footnote8"></a><b>Footnote 8:</b><a href="#footnotetag8">(return)</a> <p>Both of these have been printed, the letter in <i>Aschami - Epistolæ</i>, lib. i. ep. 4. p. 68. seq. Compare on the commentary, ibid. + Epistolæ</i>, lib. i. ep. 4. p. 68. seq. Compare on the commentary, ibid. pp. 70. and 209.</p> </div> @@ -1536,7 +1494,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> Perhaps I have overstated the effect of pain on the nervous system; certainly I was wrong in making a wider assertion than was required by my case, which is, that no man could hold his hand over unconfined flame - till it was "entirely consumed" or "burnt to a coal." "Bruslée à feu de + till it was "entirely consumed" or "burnt to a coal." "Bruslée à feu de souphre" does not go so far as that, nor is it said at what time of the burning Ravaillac raised his head to look at his hand.</p> @@ -1584,7 +1542,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <p class="address">U. U. Club.</p> <p>Permit me to offer to H. B. C.'s consideration the case of Mutius - Scævola, who, failing in his attempt to kill Porsenna in his own camp, + Scævola, who, failing in his attempt to kill Porsenna in his own camp, and being taken before the king, thrust his right hand into the fire, and held it there until burnt; at the same time declaring that he knew three hundred men who would not flinch from doing the same thing. To a certain @@ -1599,7 +1557,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <p>1. An exalted state of feeling; instance Joan of Arc.</p> - <p>2. Fortitude; instance Mutius Scævola.</p> + <p>2. Fortitude; instance Mutius Scævola.</p> <p>3. Nervous insensibility; which carries the vanquished American Indian through the most exquisite tortures, and enables him to fall asleep on @@ -1690,7 +1648,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> twice the same men upon earth, and some had rather never have lived than to tread over their days once more</i>. Cicero, in a prosperous state, had not the patience to think of beginning in a cradle again. ('Si quis - Deus mihi largiatur, ut repuerascam et in cunis vagiam, valdè + Deus mihi largiatur, ut repuerascam et in cunis vagiam, valdè recusem.'—<i>De Senectute.</i>) Job would not only curse the day of his nativity, but also of his renascency, if he were to act over his disasters and the miseries of the dunghill. But the greatest underweening @@ -1739,7 +1697,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> life over again, would <!-- Page 592 --><span class="pagenum" title="592.png" ><a name="page592"></a>{592}</span>grow from grace to grace, and his status in the spirit world would be higher than in the first life, and - <i>vice versâ</i>; an evil man<a name="footnotetag10" + <i>vice versâ</i>; an evil man<a name="footnotetag10" href="#footnote10"><sup>[10]</sup></a> would be more completely evil, and would rank in a darker and more bestial form. They who hear not the good tidings will not be persuaded though one rose from the dead; and those @@ -1878,14 +1836,14 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> Jesus, are always retained, except that the terminations are changed according to the Latin language. Jesus is written <span class="sc"><span class="over">IHS</span></span>, or in small characters ihs, which is the - Greek <span class="over"><span title="IÊS" class="grk" - >ΙΗΣ</span></span> or <span class="over"><span title="iês" class="grk" + Greek <span class="over"><span title="IÊS" class="grk" + >ΙΗΣ</span></span> or <span class="over"><span title="iês" class="grk" >ιης</span></span>, an abbreviation for <span - title="iêsous" class="grk" + title="iêsous" class="grk" >ιησους</span>. However, the scribes knew nothing of this for a thousand years before the invention of printing, for if they had they would not have written <span - class="over">ihs</span> for <span title="iêsous" class="grk" + class="over">ihs</span> for <span title="iêsous" class="grk" >ιησους</span>; but they ignorantly copied after one another such letters as they found put for these words. Nay, at length they pretended to find <i>Jesus Hominum Salvator</i> @@ -1916,7 +1874,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <span title="Theos" class="grk">Θεος</span>, <span title="Kurios" class="grk" >Κυριος</span>, <span - title="Iêsous" class="grk" + title="Iêsous" class="grk" >Ιησους</span>, <span title="Christos" class="grk" >Χριστος</span>, <i>God</i>, @@ -2297,7 +2255,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>2. "<span class="sc">Ihs</span> Nazarenus rex Judæorum fili Dei miserere mei. 1635."</p> + <p>2. "<span class="sc">Ihs</span> Nazarenus rex Judæorum fili Dei miserere mei. 1635."</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -2458,7 +2416,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> </div> </div> - <p>is not an unusual inscription on mediæval black-letter bells, if I may + <p>is not an unusual inscription on mediæval black-letter bells, if I may use the expression. The characters are small. It is on two bells at Teignmouth, and is on one of the bells in this tower:</p> @@ -2480,7 +2438,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> viii., p. 448.), asks the date of the earliest known examples of bells.</p> - <p>Dates on mediæval bells are, I believe, very rare in England. I have + <p>Dates on mediæval bells are, I believe, very rare in England. I have but few notes of any. My impression is that such bells are as old as the towers which contain them, judging from the character of the letter, the wear and tear of the iron work, aye, of the bell itself. Many old bells @@ -2582,15 +2540,15 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> <p>2. "In nomine Patris, et Filii, et Spiritus Sancti. Amē.</p> - <p class="i3">Ad honorem Dei, et Beatæ Mariæ Virginis,</p> + <p class="i3">Ad honorem Dei, et Beatæ Mariæ Virginis,</p> <p class="i3">Et Beatorum Apostolorum Petri et Pauli,</p> <p class="i7">Verbum Caro factum est,</p> <p class="i1">Solve jubente Deo terrarū Petre cathenas, qui facis,</p> <p class="i5">Ut pateant cœlestia Regna beatis,</p> - <table class="i2"><tr><td class="pr1 vmi" rowspan="2">Hæc campana cum alia majore ponderante</td><td class="bb ac"><span class="sm">M</span></td></tr><tr><td class="ac"><span class="sm">XVI</span>.</td></tr></table> + <table class="i2"><tr><td class="pr1 vmi" rowspan="2">Hæc campana cum alia majore ponderante</td><td class="bb ac"><span class="sm">M</span></td></tr><tr><td class="ac"><span class="sm">XVI</span>.</td></tr></table> <p>Post consumptionem ignito fulgure, anno precedente</p> <p class="i2">imminente, fusa est, anno Domini <span class="sm">MCCCLIII</span>.</p> - <p>Mense Junii, et ponderat hæc MX et centena librarum.</p> + <p>Mense Junii, et ponderat hæc MX et centena librarum.</p> <p class="i10">Amen."</p> </div> </div> @@ -2598,7 +2556,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> <p>3. "Nomine Dominico Patris, prolisq. spirati</p> - <p class="i2">Ordine tertiam Petri primæ succedere noscant.</p> + <p class="i2">Ordine tertiam Petri primæ succedere noscant.</p> <p class="i3">Per dies paucos quotquot sub nomine dicto</p> <p class="i1">Sanctam Ecclesiam colunt in agmine trino. Amen."</p> </div> @@ -2607,10 +2565,10 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <blockquote class="b1n"> <p>4. "Anno Domini <span class="sm">MCCLXXXVIIII.</span> ad honorem Dei, - et Beatæ Mariæ Virginis, et Sancti Thomæ Apostoli Tempore Fratris Joannis + et Beatæ Mariæ Virginis, et Sancti Thomæ Apostoli Tempore Fratris Joannis de Leodio Ministri, factum fuit hoc opus de legato quondam Domini <!-- Page 596 --><span class="pagenum" title="596.png"><a - name="page596"></a>{596}</span>Rikardi Domini Papæ Notarii. Guidottus + name="page596"></a>{596}</span>Rikardi Domini Papæ Notarii. Guidottus Pisanus me fecit."</p> </blockquote> @@ -2631,7 +2589,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> inscription; but the date is plain, 1389. The name of Boniface IX. is on it, who was Sum. Pont. in that year.</p> - <p>In the Church of St. Mariæ Majoris were two bells dated anno Dom. + <p>In the Church of St. Mariæ Majoris were two bells dated anno Dom. 1285; and another 1291.</p> <p>In the Church of the Jesuits was a bell with this inscription, brought @@ -2649,8 +2607,8 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <blockquote class="b1n"> <p>"In multis Campanis <i>fit mentio de Anno, in quo facta est - Campana</i>, necnon de ipsius Ecclesiæ Rectore, vel optime merito, et - Campanæ artifice, <i>ut ego ipse vidi Romæ</i>, ubi præcipuarum + Campana</i>, necnon de ipsius Ecclesiæ Rectore, vel optime merito, et + Campanæ artifice, <i>ut ego ipse vidi Romæ</i>, ubi præcipuarum Ecclesiarum, et Basilicarum inscriptiones Campanis incisas perlegi."—P. 55.</p> @@ -2665,7 +2623,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> - <p class="hg3">"<img src="images/maltesex.png" class="middle" style="height:2ex;" alt="+" title="+" /> O Rex gloriæ Christe, veni cum pace! <span class="sm">MCCCLXXV.</span> tertio Nonas Augusti."</p> + <p class="hg3">"<img src="images/maltesex.png" class="middle" style="height:2ex;" alt="+" title="+" /> O Rex gloriæ Christe, veni cum pace! <span class="sm">MCCCLXXV.</span> tertio Nonas Augusti."</p> </div> </div> @@ -2673,7 +2631,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> - <p class="hg3">"Vox ego sum vitæ, voco vos, orate, venite. 1461."</p> + <p class="hg3">"Vox ego sum vitæ, voco vos, orate, venite. 1461."</p> </div> </div> @@ -2683,7 +2641,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <div class="stanza"> <p class="hg3">"Anno Dom. <span class="sm">MCCCCXXVII</span> mense Julio fusa sum, per</p> <p class="i2">Magistrum Joannem Gremp de Argentina.</p> - <p>Nuncio festa, metum, nova quædam flebile lethum."</p> + <p>Nuncio festa, metum, nova quædam flebile lethum."</p> </div> </div> @@ -2694,7 +2652,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <p class="hg3">"Als man zahlt 1475 Jahr</p> <p>War Kaiser Friedrick hier offenbar:</p> <p>Da hat mich Meister Thomas Jost gegossen</p> - <p>Dem Rath zu laüten ohnverdrossen."</p> + <p>Dem Rath zu laüten ohnverdrossen."</p> </div> </div> @@ -2722,7 +2680,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <p>I fear I have already extended this reply to a length beyond all fair limit. I may at some future time (if desirable) send you a long roll of - legends on mediæval bells without dates, and others of the seventeenth + legends on mediæval bells without dates, and others of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, some of a devotional character, and others of the style of unseemly and godless epitaphs. But it is to be hoped that in these, as in other like matters, a better taste is beginning to @@ -2936,7 +2894,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <p>Victor Emanuel's <i>second</i> daughter was Maria Theresa, who married Charles Duke of Parma, as stated by E. S. S. W.</p> - <p>The present Countess of Chambord is Maria Theresa Beatrice-Gaëtana, + <p>The present Countess of Chambord is Maria Theresa Beatrice-Gaëtana, the eldest of the two sisters of Francis V., Duke of Modena. She is therefore wife of the representative of the House of Bourbon, and sister to the representative of the House of Stuart.</p> @@ -3065,7 +3023,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> in an invention made many years subsequent to the date of the patent under which the claim is made—not only made by another person, but differing so widely in principle from the patent process. The - advertisement in the <i>Athenæum</i> of Saturday last (June 10) shows + advertisement in the <i>Athenæum</i> of Saturday last (June 10) shows plainly that it is intended, if possible, to prevent the production of portraits on collodion by any person not licensed by Mr. Talbot; and the harshness of this proceeding, after the process has been in public use @@ -3169,8 +3127,8 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> A.B., a doubt might exist whether he were not an <i>able-bodied</i> seaman, for that is implied by A.B. attached to an English name. The editor of Farindon's <i>Sermons</i>, who is, I believe, a Dissenter, - styles himself the Reverend T. Jackson, S.T.P., <i>i. e.</i> Sacrosanctæ - Theologiæ <!-- Page 600 --><span class="pagenum" title="600.png"><a + styles himself the Reverend T. Jackson, S.T.P., <i>i. e.</i> Sacrosanctæ + Theologiæ <!-- Page 600 --><span class="pagenum" title="600.png"><a name="page600"></a>{600}</span>Professor. He might as well have part of his title in Sanscrit, as part in English and part in Latin.</p> @@ -3187,7 +3145,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <p><i>Greek denounced by the Monks</i> (Vol. ix., p. 467).—In his <i>History of the Reformation</i> (b. <span class="sm">I.</span> ch. - iii.), D'Aubigné says,—</p> + iii.), D'Aubigné says,—</p> <blockquote class="b1n"> @@ -3201,7 +3159,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> </blockquote> - <p>Had there been more authority, probably D'Aubigné would have quoted + <p>Had there been more authority, probably D'Aubigné would have quoted it.</p> <p class="author">B. H. C.</p> @@ -3228,7 +3186,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <p>See also the rebuke administered by Henry VIII. to a preacher who had "launched forth against Greek and its new interpreters," in Erasmus, - <i>Epp.</i>, p. 347., quoted in D'Aubigné's <i>Reformation</i>, book + <i>Epp.</i>, p. 347., quoted in D'Aubigné's <i>Reformation</i>, book <span class="sm">XVIII.</span> 1.</p> <p class="author"><span class="sc">C. W. Bingham.</span></p> @@ -3284,14 +3242,14 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <p>Can any one inform me whether the air is ancient or modern?</p> - <p class="author"><span class="sc">Honoré de Mareville.</span></p> + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Honoré de Mareville.</span></p> <p class="address">Guernsey.</p> - <p>"<i>De male quæsitis gaudet non tertius hæres</i>" (Vol. ii., p. + <p>"<i>De male quæsitis gaudet non tertius hæres</i>" (Vol. ii., p. 167.).—The quotation here wanted has hitherto been neglected. The words may be found, with a slight variation, in <i>Bellochii Praxis - Moralis Theologiæ, de casibus reservatis, &c.</i>, Venetiis, 1627, + Moralis Theologiæ, de casibus reservatis, &c.</i>, Venetiis, 1627, 4to. As the work is not common, I send the passage for insertion, which I know will be acceptable to other correspondents as well as to the querist:</p> @@ -3299,11 +3257,11 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <blockquote class="b1n"> <p>"Divino judicio permittitur ut tales surreptores rerum sacrarum diu - ipsis rebus furtivis non lætentur, sed imo ab aliis nequioribus furibus - præfatæ res illis <!-- Page 601 --><span class="pagenum" title="601.png" + ipsis rebus furtivis non lætentur, sed imo ab aliis nequioribus furibus + præfatæ res illis <!-- Page 601 --><span class="pagenum" title="601.png" ><a name="page601"></a>{601}</span>abripiantur, ut de se ipso fassus est - ille, qui in suis ædibus hoc distichon inscripsit, ut refert Jo. Bonif., - lib. de furt., § contrectatio, num. 134. in fin.:</p> + ille, qui in suis ædibus hoc distichon inscripsit, ut refert Jo. Bonif., + lib. de furt., § contrectatio, num. 134. in fin.:</p> <div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> @@ -3316,12 +3274,12 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> - <p class="hg1">'De rebus male acquisitis, non gaudebit tertius hæres.'</p> + <p class="hg1">'De rebus male acquisitis, non gaudebit tertius hæres.'</p> </div> </div> <p>Lazar (de monitorio), sect. 4. 9. 4., num. 16., imo nec secundus, ut - ingenuè et perbellè fatetur in suo poemate, nostro idiomate Jerusalem + ingenuè et perbellè fatetur in suo poemate, nostro idiomate Jerusalem celeste acquistata, cant. x. num. 88. Pater Frater Augustinus Gallutius de Mandulcho, ita canendo:</p> @@ -3389,16 +3347,16 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <p><i>Swedish Words current in England</i> (Vol. vii., pp. 231. 366.).—Very many Swedish words are current in the north of England, - <i>e. gr.</i> <i>barn</i> or <i>bearn</i> (Scotticè <i>bairn</i>), Sw. - <i>barn</i>; <i>bleit</i> or <i>blate</i>, bashful, Sw. <i>blöd</i>; to + <i>e. gr.</i> <i>barn</i> or <i>bearn</i> (Scotticè <i>bairn</i>), Sw. + <i>barn</i>; <i>bleit</i> or <i>blate</i>, bashful, Sw. <i>blöd</i>; to <i>cleam</i>, to fasten, to spread thickly over, Sw. <i>klemma</i>; <i>cod</i>, pillow, Sw. <i>kudde</i>; to <i>gly</i>, to squint, Sw. - <i>glo</i>; to <i>lope</i>, to leap, Sw. <i>löpa</i>; to <i>late</i> + <i>glo</i>; to <i>lope</i>, to leap, Sw. <i>löpa</i>; to <i>late</i> (Cumberland), to seek, Sw. <i>leta</i>; <i>sackless</i>, without crime, - Sw. <i>saklös</i>; <i>sark</i>, shirt, Sw. <i>särk</i>; to <i>thole</i> + Sw. <i>saklös</i>; <i>sark</i>, shirt, Sw. <i>särk</i>; to <i>thole</i> (Derbyshire), to endure, Sw. <i>tala</i>; to <i>walt</i>, to totter, to - overthrow, Sw. <i>wälta</i>; to <i>warp</i>, to lay eggs, Sw. - <i>wärpa</i>; <i>wogh</i> (Lancashire), wall, Sw. <i>wägg</i>, &c. It + overthrow, Sw. <i>wälta</i>; to <i>warp</i>, to lay eggs, Sw. + <i>wärpa</i>; <i>wogh</i> (Lancashire), wall, Sw. <i>wägg</i>, &c. It is a fact very little known, that the Swedish language bears the closest resemblance of all modern languages to the English as regards grammatical structure, not even the Danish excepted.</p> @@ -3469,7 +3427,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> the purchase. For farther information on the subject, Berry's <i>History of Guernsey</i>, p. 176., may be consulted.</p> - <p class="author"><span class="sc">Honoré de Mareville.</span></p> + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Honoré de Mareville.</span></p> <p class="address">Guernsey.</p> @@ -3481,7 +3439,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <p class="ac"> "Fiat Justitia,<br /> 1619,<br /> -Hæc domus<br /> +Hæc domus<br /> <i>O</i>dit, amat, punit, conservat, honorat,<br /> <i>N</i>equitiam, pacem, crimina, jura, bonos." </p> @@ -3550,7 +3508,7 @@ Hæc domus<br /> <p><i>Mousehunt</i> (Vol. ix., p. 65. &c.).—<span class="sc">G. Tennyson</span> identifies the mousehunt with the beechmartin, the - <i>very largest</i> of our <i>Mustelidæ</i>, on the authority of Henley + <i>very largest</i> of our <i>Mustelidæ</i>, on the authority of Henley "the dramatic commentator." Was he a naturalist too? I never heard of him as such.</p> @@ -3558,7 +3516,7 @@ Hæc domus<br /> question, speaks of it as <i>less</i> than the common weasel, and quotes Mr. Colquhoun's opinion, that it is only "the young of the year." I have no doubt at all that this is correct. The young of all the - <i>Mustelidæ</i> hunt, and to a casual observer exhibit all the actions + <i>Mustelidæ</i> hunt, and to a casual observer exhibit all the actions of full-grown animals, when not more than half the size of their parents. There seems no reason to suppose that there are more than four species known in England, the weasel, the stoat or ermine, the polecat, and the @@ -3825,7 +3783,7 @@ PREVENTED.</h5> Admission.</p> <table class="mc plr05"> -<tr><td></td><td>£ </td><td><i>s.</i></td><td><i>d.</i></td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td>£ </td><td><i>s.</i></td><td><i>d.</i></td></tr> <tr><td> A Portrait by Mr. Talbot's Patent Process</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>0</td></tr> @@ -3959,7 +3917,7 @@ PREVENTED.</h5> handsome ornament for the library, boudoir, or drawing-room. (Signed) J. L. Abel, F. Benedict, H. R. Bishop, J. Blewitt, J. Brizzi, T. P. Chipp, P. Delavanti, C. H. Dolby, E. F. Fitzwilliam, W. Forde, Stephen Glover, - Henri Herz, E. Harrison, H. F. Hassé, J. L. Hatton, Catherine Hayes, W. + Henri Herz, E. Harrison, H. F. Hassé, J. L. Hatton, Catherine Hayes, W. H. Holmes, W. Kuhe, G. F. Kiallmark, E. Land, G. Lanza, Alexander Lee. A. Leffler, E. J. Loder, W. H. Montgomery, S. Nelson, G. A. Osborne, John Parry, H. Panofka, Henry Phillips, F. Praegar, E. F. Rimbault, Frank @@ -4018,11 +3976,11 @@ T. Grissell, Esq.<br /><br /> <table style="width:35%" class="mc" summary="Specimens of Rates" title="Specimens of Rates"> <tr> <td class="plr05" style="width:28%">Age</td> -<td class="plr05 ar" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>£</i></td> +<td class="plr05 ar" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>£</i></td> <td class="plr05 ar" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>s.</i></td> <td class="plr05 ar br" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>d.</i></td> <td class="plr05" style="width:28%">Age</td> -<td class="plr05 ar" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>£</i></td> +<td class="plr05 ar" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>£</i></td> <td class="plr05 ar" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>s.</i></td> <td class="plr05 ar" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>d.</i></td> </tr> @@ -4115,385 +4073,6 @@ T. Grissell, Esq.<br /><br /> Publisher, at No. 186. 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You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org - - -Title: Notes and Queries, Number 243, June 24, 1854 - A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, - Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc - -Author: Various - -Editor: George Bell - -Release Date: May 27, 2013 [EBook #42821] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ASCII - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES *** - - - - -Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins -and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at -http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images -generously made available by The Internet Archive/Canadian -Libraries) - - - - - -{581} - -NOTES AND QUERIES: - -A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, -GENEALOGISTS, ETC. - -"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE. - - * * * * * - - -No. 243.] -SATURDAY, JUNE 24. 1854 -[Price Fourpence. Stamped Edition 5d. - - * * * * * - - -CONTENTS. - - NOTES:-- Page - - Memoirs of Grammont, by W. H. Lammin, &c. 583 - - Bohn's Reprint of Woodfall's "Junius," by H. Martin 584 - - MINOR NOTES:--Mutilating Books--The Plymouth Calendar-- - Divinity Professorships 585 - - QUERIES:-- - - Sepulchral Monuments 586 - - Roger Ascham and his Letters, by J. E. B. Mayor 588 - - MINOR QUERIES:--Symbolism in Raphael's Pictures-- - "Obtains"--Army Lists for Seventeenth and Eighteenth - Centuries--Anonymous Poet--John Bale--A short Sermon 589 - - MINOR QUERIES WITH ANSWERS:--Quakers' Calendar--"Rodondo, - or the State Jugglers"--Rathlin Island--Parochial - Registers--"Trevelyan," &c.--Grammar School of - St. Mary de Crypt, Gloucester 589 - - REPLIES:-- - - Cranmer's Martyrdom, by John P. Stilwell, &c. 590 - - Coleridge's Unpublished Manuscripts, by - C. Mansfield Ingleby 591 - - Life 591 - - Inscriptions on Bells, by Peter Orlando Hutchinson, - Cuthbert Bede, Rev. H. T. Ellacombe, &c. 592 - - De Beauvoir Pedigree, by Edgar MacCulloch 596 - - Right of Refuge in the Church Porch, by - Goddard Johnson, &c. 597 - - Ferdinand Charles III., Duke of Parma, by - J. Reynell Wreford, &c. 598 - - PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE:--Mr. Townsend's Wax-paper - Process--Photographic Litigation 598 - - REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES:--Vandyking--Monteith--A. M. and - M. A.--Greek denounced by the Monks--Caldecott's - Translation of the New Testament--Blue Bells of - Scotland--"De male quaesitis gaudet non tertius - haeres"--Mawkin--"Putting a spoke in his wheel"--Dog - Latin--Swedish Words current in England--Mob--"Days - of my Youth"--Encore--Richard Plantagenet, Earl of - Cambridge--Right of redeeming Property--Latin Inscription - on Lindsey Court-house--Myrtle Bee--Mousehunt--Longfellow's - "Hyperion"--Benjamin Rush--Quakers executed in North - America 599 - - MISCELLANEOUS:-- - - Notices to Correspondents 603 - - * * * * * - - -Multae terricolis linguae, coelestibus una. - -SAMUEL BAGSTER AND SONS' - -[Illustration] - -GENERAL CATALOGUE is sent Free by Post. It contains Lists of Quarto Family -Bibles; Ancient English Translations; Manuscript-notes Bibles; Polyglot -Bibles in every variety of Size and Combination of Language; -Parallel-passages Bibles; Greek Critical and other Testaments; Polyglot -Books of Common Prayer; Psalms in English, Hebrew, and many other -Languages, in great variety; Aids to the Study of the Old Testament and of -the New Testament; and Miscellaneous Biblical and other Works. By Post -Free. - -London: SAMUEL BAGSTER & SONS, 15. Paternoster Row. - -[Greek: Pollai men thnetois Glottai, mia d'Athanatoisin] - - * * * * * - - -Now ready, No. VII. (for May), price 2s. 6d., published Quarterly. - -RETROSPECTIVE REVIEW (New Series); consisting of Criticisms upon, Analyses -of, and Extracts from, Curious, Useful, Valuable, and Scarce Old Books. - -Vol. I., 8vo., pp. 436, cloth 10s. 6d., is also ready. - -JOHN RUSSELL SMITH, 36. Soho Square, London. - -THE ORIGINAL QUADRILLES, composed for the PIANO FORTE by MRS. 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Southampton Row, and Paternoster Row. - - * * * * * - - -{583} - -_LONDON, SATURDAY, JUNE 24, 1854._ - - * * * * * - -Notes. - -MEMOIRS OF GRAMMONT. - -(Vol. viii., pp. 461. 549.; Vol. ix., pp. 3. 204. 356.) - - "Des gens qui ecrivent pour le Comte de Grammont peuvent compter sur - quelque indulgence."--Vide Introduction to the Memoirs. - -Grammont's first visit to England may have been in Nov. 1655, when -Bordeaux, the French ambassador, concluded a treaty with Cromwell, whereby -France agreed totally to abandon the interests of Charles II.; and -Cromwell, on his part, declared war against Spain, by which we gained -Jamaica. Another opportunity occurred in 1657, when Cromwell's son-in-law, -Lord Fauconberg, was sent to compliment Louis XIV. and Cardinal Mazarin, -who were near Dunkirk. The ambassador presented some horses to the King and -his brother, and also to the Cardinal. They made the ambassador handsome -presents, and the King sent the Duke de Crequi as his ambassador -extraordinary to the Protector, accompanied by several persons of -distinction. - -Grammont was at the siege of Montmedi, which surrendered on the 6th August, -1657. - -He accompanied his brother, the Marshal, to Madrid in 1660, to demand the -hand of the Infanta for his sovereign. On the Kings entry into Paris the -same year with his Queen, Madame de Maintenon writes: - - "The Chevalier de Grammont, Rouville, Bellefont, and some other - courtiers, followed the household of Cardinal Mazarin, which surprised - everybody: it was said it was out of flattery. The Chevalier was - dressed in a flame-coloured suit, and was very brilliant." - -In 1662 he was disgraced on account of Madlle de la Motte Houdancourt, -aggravated also, it is said, by his having watched the King getting over -the tiles into the apartments of the maids of honour, and spread the report -about. - -The writer of the notes to the _Memoirs_ supposes that the Count's -circumstances were not very flourishing on his arrival in England, and that -he endeavoured to support himself by his literary acquirements. A scarce -little work in Latin and French on King Charles's coronation was attributed -to him, the initials to which were P. D. C., which it was said might stand -for Philibert de Cramont. There seems no reason for this supposition: his -finances were no worse in England than they had been in France; and there -is no doubt he made his appearance at the Court of England under the -greatest advantages. His family were specially protected by the Duke and -Duchess of Orleans, the favourite sister of King Charles; and the Count was -personally known to the King and to the Duke of York; and from a letter of -Comminges', dated 20th Dec. 1662, it may be almost inferred that the Duke -sent his own yacht to fetch the Count to London. Bussi-Rabutin writes of -the Count, that he wrote almost worse than any one, and therefore not very -likely to recruit his finances by authorship. - -The exact date of Grammont's marriage has yet to be fixed: probably a -search at Doctors' Commons for the licence, or in the Whitehall Registers, -if such exist, would determine the day. The first child, a boy, was born on -the 28th August, O. S., 7th September, 1664, but did not live long. This -would indicate that the marriage took place in December, 1663. From -Comminges' letters, dated in that month, it must have been on a day -subsequent to the 24th December. Their youngest child, who was afterwards -an abbess, was born on the 27th December, 1667. - -It has been stated that Grammont was the hero of Moliere's _Mariage -forcee_, which was performed before the Court at Versailles in 1664. -Comminges' letter of May 19-24, 1664, may allude to the Count's conduct to -Miss Hamilton. He was twenty years older than the lady. - -Under date of October 24-November 3, 1664, Comminges announces the -departure from London of the Count and Countess de Grammont. - -The Count was present with the King at the conquest of Franche Comte in -1660, and in particular at the siege of Dole in February, 1668. The Count -and Countess were subsequently in England, as King Charles himself writes -to the Duchess of Orleans on the 24th October, 1669, that the Count and -Countess, with their family, were returning to France by way of Dieppe. - -In 1668, according to St. Evremond, the Count was successful in procuring -the recall of his nephew, the Count de Guiche. - -Evelyn mentions in his _Diary_ dining on the 10th May, 1671, at Sir Thomas -Clifford's, "where dined Monsieur de Grammont and several French noblemen." - -Madame de Sevigne names the Count in her letter of 5th January, 1672. - -He was present at the siege of Maestricht, which surrendered to the King in -person on the 29th June, 1673. - -Madame de Sevigne names the Count again in her letter of the 31st July, -1675. - -The Duchess of Orleans (the second) relates the great favour in which the -Count was with the King. - -He was present at the sieges of Cambray and Namur in April, 1677, and -February, 1678. - -We obtain many glimpses of the Count and Countess in subsequent years in -the pages of Madame de Sevigne, Dangeau, and others, which may be consulted -in preference to filling your columns with extracts. {584} - -In 1688, Grammont was sent by the Duke of Orleans to congratulate James II. -on the birth of his son; in the _Ellis Correspondence_, under the date of -10th July, 1688, it appears there was to have been an exhibition of -fire-works, but it was postponed, and the following intimation of the cause -was hinted at by a person behind the scenes: - - "The young Prince is ill, but it is a secret; I think he will not hold. - The foreign ministers, Zulestein and Grammont, stay to see the issue." - -Grammont died on the 30th January, 1707, aged eighty-six years; his -Countess survived him only until the 3rd June, 1708, when she expired, aged -sixty-seven years. They only left one child, namely, Claude Charlotte, -married on the 6th April, 1694, to Henry Howard, Earl of Stafford; Marie -Elizabeth de Grammont, born the 27th December, 1667, Abbess of Sainte -Marine de Poussey, in Lorraine, having died in 1706, previous to her -parents. - -Maurepas says that Grammont's eldest daughter was maid of honour to the -second Duchess of Orleans, who suspected her of intriguing with her son, -afterwards the celebrated Regent. The Duchess, he adds, married her to Lord -Stafford. - -Another writer says, that although Grammont's daughters were not handsome, -yet they caused as much observation at Court as those who were. - -W. H. LAMMIN. - -Fulham. - -Count Hamilton is little to be trusted to in his chronology, from a -mischievous custom that he has of, whenever he has to record a marriage or -love affair between two parties considerably different in age, adding to -that difference extravagantly, to make the thing more ridiculous. Sir John -Denham is a well-known instance of this; but another, which is not noticed -by the editor of Bohn's edition, nor any other that I have seen, is his -making out Col. John Russell, a younger brother of the first Duke of -Bedford, to have been seventy years of age in 1664, although his eldest -brother was born in 1612, and the colonel could have been little older -than, if as old as, De Grammont himself. - -J. S. WARDEN. - - * * * * * - -BOHN'S REPRINT OF WOODFALL'S "JUNIUS." - -When a publisher issues a series of such works as are comprised in _Bohn's -Standard Library_, and thereby brings expensive publications within the -reach of the multitude, he is entitled to the gratitude and the active -support of the reading portion of the public; but, if he wish to be ranked -amongst the respectable booksellers, he ought to see to the accuracy of his -reprints. Bohn's edition of Woodfall's _Junius_, in two volumes, purports -to contain "the entire work, as originally published." This it does not. -Some of the notes are omitted; and the text is, in many instances, -incorrect. I have examined the first volume only; and I shall state some of -the errors which I have found, on comparing it with Woodfall's edition, -three volumes 8vo., 1814. The pages noted are those of Bohn's first volume. - -P. 87. In his Dedication, Junius says: "If an honest, and, I may truly -affirm, a laborious zeal." Bohn turns it into nonsense, by printing it: "If -an honest _man_, and I may truly," &c. - -P. 105. In Letter I., Junius speaks of "distributing the _offices_ of -state, by rotation." Bohn has it "_officers_." - -P. 113. In Letter II., Sir W. Draper says that "all Junius's _assertions_ -are false and scandalous." Bohn prints it "_exertions_." - -P. 206. In Letter XXII., Junius says, "it may be advisable to _gut_ the -resolution." Bohn has it "to _put_." - -P. 240. In Letter XXX., Junius says: "And, if possible, to perplex _us -with_ the multitude of their offences." Bohn omits the words "_us with_." - -P. 319. In Letter XLII., Junius speaks of the "future _projects_" of the -ministry. Bohn prints it "future _prospects_." - -P. 322. In the same letter, Junius says: "How far people may be animated -_to resistance_, under the present administration." Bohn omits "_to -resistance_." - -P. 382. In Letter LIII., Horne says: "And in case of refusal, _threaten_ to -write them down." Bohn omits "_threaten_." - -P. 428. In Letter LXI., Philo-Junius says, "his view is to change a court -of _common law into a court of_ equity." Bohn omits the words "_common law -into a court of_." - -P. 437. In Letter LXIII., Junius writes, "love _and kindness_ to Lord -Chatham." Bohn omits "_and kindness_." - -P. 439. In Letter LXIV., Junius speaks of "a multitude of _prerogative -writs_." Bohn has it "a multitude of _prerogatives_." - -P. 446. In Letter LXVIII., Junius says to Lord Mansfield: "If, on your -part, you should have no plain, substantial _defence_." Bohn substitutes -"_evidence_" for "_defence_." - -These are the most important errors, but not all that I have found in the -text. I now turn to the reprint of Dr. Mason Good's Preliminary Essay. The -editor says: "The omission of a quotation or two, of no present interest, -and the correction of a few inaccuracies of language, are the only -alterations that have been made in the Preliminary Essay." We shall see how -far this is true. Such alterations as "arrogance" for "insolence," p. 2.; -"classic purity" for "classical chastity," p. 3.; "severe" for "atrocious," -p. 15., I shall not particularise farther; but merely observe that, so far -from being merely "corrections {585} of inaccuracies of language," they are -frequently changes of meaning. - -At pp. 4. and 5., extracts from speeches by Burke and North are introduced -into the text. In Woodfall, they are given in a note, so as not to -interrupt the writer's argument. - -Occasionally, a sentence is partly rewritten. I take one specimen. Dr. Good -says that, "But for the Letters of Junius, the Commons of England might -still ... have been exposed to the absurd and obnoxious harassment of -parliamentary arrests, upon a violation of privileges undefined and -incapable of being appealed against--defrauded of their estates upon an -arbitrary and interested claim of the crown." In Bohn, p. 5., the words are -altered to "have been exposed to arbitrary violations of individual -liberty, under undefined pretexts of parliamentary privileges, against -which there _were_ (?) no appeal--defrauded of their estates upon -capricious and interested claims of the crown." - -Dr. Good, to show that Burke could not be Junius, cites several passages -from his works; and then proves, by quotations from Junius, that the -opinions of the one were opposed to those of the other. In Bohn's edition -all these quotations, which occupy twelve octavo pages in Woodfall, are -omitted as unnecessary, although the writer's argument is partly founded -upon them; and yet the editor has retained (evidently through -carelessness), at p. 66., Dr. Good's subsequent reference to these very -quotations, where, being about to give some extracts from General Lee's -letters, he says: "They may be compared with those of Junius, _that follow -the preceding extracts from Mr. Burke_." This reference is retained, but -the extracts spoken of are omitted. - -Some of Woodfall's notes are wholly left out; but I will not lengthen these -remarks by specially pointing them out. The new notes of Bohn's editor -offer much matter for animadversion, but I confine myself to one point. In -a note to Sir W. Draper's first letter (p. 116.), we are told that Sir -William "married a Miss De Lancy, who died in 1778, _leaving him a -daughter_." In another note relating to Sir William (p. 227.), it is stated -that "he married a daughter of the second son of the Duke of St. Alban's. -Her ladyship died in 1778, _leaving him no issue_." How are we to reconcile -these statements? - -H. MARTIN. - - Halifax. - - [The work professes to be edited by Mr. Wade. Mr. Wade therefore, and - not Mr. Bohn, is responsible for the errors pointed out by our - correspondent.--ED.] - - * * * * * - - -Minor Notes. - -_Mutilating Books._--Swift, in a letter to Stella, Jan. 16, 1711, says, "I -went to Bateman's the bookseller, and laid out eight-and-forty shillings -for books. I bought three little volumes of Lucian in French, for our -Stella." This Bateman would never allow any one to look into a book in his -shop; and when asked the reason, he would say, "I suppose you may be a -physician, or an author, and want some recipe or quotation; and if you buy -it I will engage it to be perfect before you leave me, but not after; as I -have suffered by leaves being torn out, and the books returned, to my very -great loss and prejudice. - -ABHBA. - -_The Plymouth Calendar._--To your collection of verses (Vol. vii. _passim_) -illustrative of local circumstances, incidents, &c., allow me to add the -following: - - "The West wind always brings wet weather, - The East wind wet and cold together; - The South wind surely brings us rain, - The North wind blows it back again. - If the Sun in red should set, - The next day surely will be wet; - If the Sun should set in grey, - The next will be a rainy day." - -BALLIOLENSIS. - -_Divinity Professorships._--In the last number of _The Journal of Sacred -Literature_ (April, 1854), there is a well-deserved eulogium on the -biblical labours of Dr. Kitto; who, though in the enjoyment of the title of -D.D. (conferred on him some years ago by a Continental University), is -nevertheless a layman, and not, as is very commonly imagined, in orders. -The article, however, to which I refer, contains a curious mistake. -Michaelis is cited (p. 122.) as an instance of a layman being able, on the -Continent, to hold a professorship relating to theology and biblical -science, in contrast to what is assumed to be the invariable system at the -English Universities. It is true, indeed, that for the most part such -professorships are here held by clergymen; but from several of them laymen -are not excluded by any law. At Cambridge, the Norrisian Professor of -Divinity, for example, may be a layman. - -With respect to the degree of D.D., it is observed by the Writer of the -article, p. 127.: - - "In Germany this degree is given to laymen, but in England it is - exclusively appropriated to the clergy. This led to the very general - impression among strangers, that Dr. Kitto is a clergyman." - -ABHBA. - - [We have frequently seen the celebrated Nonjuror Henry Dodwell noticed - as in orders, perhaps from his portrait exhibiting him in gown and - bands as Camden Professor of History at Oxford. Miss Strickland, too, - in her _Lives of the Queens of England_, vol. vii. p. 202., and vol. - viii. p. 352., edit. 1853, speaks of that worthy layman, Robert Nelson, - both as a _Doctor_ and a clergyman!--ED.] - -{586} - - * * * * * - - -Queries. - -SEPULCHRAL MONUMENTS. - -(_Concluded from_ p. 539.) - -A divine, reasoning philosophically with a lady on the possibility of the -appearance of ghosts, was much perplexed by her simple inquiry as to where -the clothes came from. If then the mediaeval effigies are alive, how can -the costume be reconciled with their position? Where do their clothes come -from? The theory advanced in the two preceding Numbers seems to offer a -ready solution. Another corroborative fact remains to be stated, that when -a kneeling attitude superseded the recumbent, the brasses were placed upon -the wall, testifying, in some degree at least, that the horizontal figures -were not traditionally regarded as living portraits. In anticipation of -objections, it can only be said that "they have no speculation in their -eyes;" that out of the thousands in existence, a few exceptions will only -prove the rule; and that their incongruities were conventional. - -It is now my purpose to offer a few more reasons for releasing the -sculptors of the present day from a rigid adherence to the uplifted hands -and the straight head. That there is grace, dignity, and pious serenity -occasionally perceptible in these interesting relics of bygone days, which -so appropriately furnish our magnificent cathedrals, and embellish numbers -of our parochial churches, is freely admitted; but that they are formal, -conventional, monotonous, and consequently unfitted for modern imitation, -cannot reasonably be denied by a person with pretensions to taste. From the -study of anatomy, the improvement in painting, the invention of engraving, -our acquaintance with the matchless works of Greece, and other causes, this -branch of art has made considerable advance. Why, then, should a sculptor -be now "cabin'd, cribb'd, confined, bound in," by such inflexible -conditions? If some variation is discoverable in the ancient types, why -should he not have the advantage of selection, and avail himself of that -attitude best adapted to the situation of the tomb and the character of the -deceased? Not to multiply examples of deviation--the Queen of Henry IV., in -Canterbury Cathedral, has one arm reposing at her side, and the other upon -her breast. The arms of Edward III., in Westminster Abbey, are both -stretched at his side. An abbot of Peterborough, in that cathedral, holds a -book and a pastoral staff. The hands of Richard Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick, -in his beautiful chapel, are raised, but separate. Several have the arms -crossed, expressive of humility and resignation. Others (lay as well as -clerical) press a holy book to their bosom; and some place the right hand -upon the heart, denoting the warmth of their love and faith. In his -description of Italian monuments, Mr. Ruskin remarks, that "though in -general, in tombs of this kind, the face of the statue is slightly turned -towards the spectator, in one case it is turned away" (_Stones of Venice_, -vol. iii. p. 14.); and instances are not unfrequent of similar inclinations -of the head at home. Why then should this poor choice be denied? Why should -he be fettered by austere taskmasters to this stereotyped treatment, to the -proverbial stiffness of "our grandsires cut in alabaster." Indignation has -been excited in many quarters against that retrograde movement termed -"pre-Raphaelism," yet what in fact is this severe, angular, antiquated -style, but identically the same thing in stone? What but pre-Angeloism? -Upon the supposition that the effigies have departed this life, or even -that the spirit is only about to take its flight, anatomical and -physiological difficulties present themselves, for strong action would be -required to hold the hands in this attitude of prayer. The drapery, too, -hanging in straight folds, has been always apparently designed from upright -figures, circumstances evincing how little the rules of propriety were then -regarded. Their profusion occasions a familiarity which demands a change, -for the range is here as confined as that of the sign-painter, who could -only depict lions, and was therefore precluded from varying his signs, -except by an alteration in the colour. Such is the yearning of taste for -diversity, that in the equestrian procession on the frieze of the -Parthenon, out of about ninety horses, not two are in the same attitude; -yet to whatever extent our churches may be thronged with these sepulchral -tombs, all must be, as it were, cast in the same mould, till by repetition -their beauty - - "Fades in the eye and palls upon the sense." - -It is evidently imitating the works of antiquity under a disadvantage, -inasmuch as modern costume is far inferior in picturesque effect to the -episcopal vestments, the romantic armour, and numerous elegant habiliments -of an earlier day. Every lesser embellishment and minuteness of detail are -regarded by an artist who has more enlarged views of his profession as -foreign to the main design; yet the robes, millinery, jewellery, and -accoutrements usually held a place with the carvers of that time of equal -importance with the face, and engaged as large a share of their attention. - -The comparative easiness of execution forms another argument. Having -received the simple commission for a monument (specifications are -needless), the workmen (as may be imagined) fixes the armour of the defunct -knight upon his table, places a mask moulded from nature on the -helmet-pillow, fits on a pair of hands with which, like an {587} assortment -of gloves, his studio is provided, diligently applies his compasses to -insure exact equality by means of a receipt, perchance imparts some -devotional expression, and the work is ready to be transferred to stone. - -Mr. Petit, in the preface (page x.) to his _Architectural Studies_, after -due praise, asserts-- - - "That no sculptor anxious to advance his own reputation and art will - ever set up a mediaeval statue as his model. He may acknowledge its - merits, and learn much from a careful examination of it, but still he - will not look up to its designer as his master and guide." - -Again, the efforts of genius are cramped by such uncompromising terms. The -feet must unavoidably be directed towards the east; still, whatever the -situation of the tomb may chance to be, from whatever point it may be -viewed, or whether the light may fall on this side or on that, no way of -escape is open, and no ingenuity can be employed to grapple with the -uncontrollable obstruction. Portrait painters can choose the position most -favourable to the features, but the monumental sculptor of the nineteenth -century may only exhibit what is generally shunned, the direct profile; the -contour of the face, and the wide expanse of brow, which might probably -give the most lively indications of intellectual power, amiability of -disposition, and devout tranquillity of soul, must be sacrificed to this -unbending law "which altereth not." Sculptors, we are told, should overcome -difficulties; but here they are required to "strive with impossibilities, -yea, get the better of them." Whether painted windows, or some other -ornament, or a tomb alone in harmony with the architecture (the form and -features of the individual being elsewhere preserved), may constitute a -more desirable memorial, is a separate question, but as statues are only -admissible in a recumbent posture, some little latitude must be allowed. -Like our reformers in higher things, it behoves us to discard what is -objectionable in art, while we cherish that which is to be admired. Instead -of treading in the footsteps of those lofty spirits, we should endeavour to -follow the same road. Fully appreciating their excellences, let us avoid -the distorted drawing of their brilliant glass, their irregularities in -architectural design, the irreverence of their carving, and the -conventionalism of their monumental sculpture. - -C. T. - -I agree with C. T. in thinking that the usual recumbent figure on mediaeval -tombs was intended to represent a dead body, and more particularly to -represent the body as it had lain in state, or had been borne to the grave; -and I will add one or two additional reasons for this opinion. In the -description in Speed, of the intended monument of Henry VIII., taken from a -MS. given to Speed by that industrious herald master, Charles Lancaster, -the following direction occurs:-- - - "Item, upon the same basement shall be made two tombes of blacke touch, - that is to say, on either side one, and upon the said tombes of blacke - touch shall be made the image of the King and Queen, on both sides, not - as death [dead], but as persons sleeping, because to shewe that famous - princes leaving behind them great fame never doe die, and shall be in - royall apparels after the antique manner."--Speed's _Hist. of Great - Brit._, p. 1037. ed. 1632. - -The distinction here taken between a dead and a sleeping figure, and the -reason assigned for the latter, show, I think, that at that time a -recumbent figure generally was supposed to represent death. In a monument -of Sir Roger Aston, at Cranford, Middlesex, in Lysons' _Environs of -London_, the knight and his two wives are represented praying, and by the -side of the knight _lies_ the infant son who had died in his lifetime. In -the monument of Pope Innocent VIII. (Pistolesi, _Il Vaticano_, vol. i. -plate 63.), the Pope is in one part represented in a living action, and in -another as lying on his tomb, and from the contrast which would thus be -afforded between life and death, the latter representation seems to -indicate death. - -The hands raised in prayer are accounted for by C. T. Open eyes, I think, -may be intended to express, by their direction towards heaven, the hope in -which the deceased died. This is suggested by the description of the -funeral car of Henry V. - - "Preparations were made to convey the body of Henry from Rouen to - England. It was placed within a car, on which reclined his figure made - of boiled leather, elegantly painted. A rich crown of gold was on its - head. The right hand held a sceptre, and the left a golden ball. _The - face seemed to contemplate the heavens._"--Turner's _Hist. of Eng._, - vol. ii. p. 465. - -I must, however, add that on referring to Monstrelet, I doubt whether -Turner does not go too far in this last particular. Monstrelet merely says, -"le visage vers le ciel." (Monst. _Chron._ vol. i. 325. ed. 1595.) Speed -adds an additional circumstance: "The body (of this figure) was clothed -with a purple roabe furred with ermine." From the mutilated state of the -tomb it is impossible to say how far the recumbent effigy resembled this -boiled figure, but it is evidently just such a representation of the king -as might have been laid on his tomb, and so far it tends to support the -opinion that the effigy on a tomb represents the deceased as he had lain in -state, or was borne to and placed in his tomb, an opinion fully borne out -by the agreement which, in some cases, has been found to exist between the -effigy on a tomb and the body discovered within it, or between the effigy -and the description of the body as it had lain in state. See the tombs of -King {588} John, Robert Lord Hungerford, and Henry II., in Stothard's -_Monumental Effigies of Great Britain_, and the Introduction to that work. - -I think it is not irrelevant to remark that at a very early period a -recumbent figure was sometimes placed on a tomb as in a state of death. The -recumbent Etruscan figures generally represent a state of repose or of -sensual enjoyment; but there is one given by Micali (_Monumenti inediti a -Illustrazione degli Antichi Popoli Italiani_, Tav. 48. p. 303.), which is, -undoubtedly, that of a dead person. In his description of it, Micali says, -"On the first view of it one would say it was a sepulchral monument of the -Middle Ages, so greatly does it resemble one." Mrs. Gray, too (_Tour to the -Sepulchres of Etruria_, p. 264.), mentions a sepulchral urn, "very large, -with a woman robed, and with a dog upon it, exactly like an English -monument of the Middle Ages." If it were not for the dog, I should suppose -this to be the one given by Micali. Though it may be too much to suppose -that this form of representation may have been not uncommon, and may have -passed into early Christian monuments, the instance in Micali at least -shows that the idea of representing a dead body on a tomb is a very ancient -one. It may be added, perhaps, that it is an obvious one. - -Though the reasons for thinking that the ordinary mediaeval figure -represents death may not be conclusive, still that opinion is, I think, -entitled to be looked upon as the more probable one, until some -satisfactory reason is given why a _living_ person should be represented -outstretched, and lying on his back--a position, as it seems to me, more -inconsistent with life than the open eyes and hands joined in prayer are -with death. For too much weight is not to be attached to slight -inconsistencies. These would probably be disregarded for the sake of -expressing some favourite idea or sentiment. Thus, in the proposed monument -of Henry VIII., though the king and queen are directed to be represented as -living, their souls are to be represented in the hand of "the Father." - -In modern tombs the mediaeval idea has been entirely departed from, and the -recumbent position sometimes expresses neither death, nor even sleep, but -simple repose, or contemplation, resignation, hope, &c. If it is proper or -desirable to express these or other sentiments in a recumbent figure, it -seems unreasonable to exclude them for the sake of a rigid adherence to a -form, of which the import is either obscure, or, if rightly conjectured, -has, by the change of customs, become idle and unmeaning. - -F. S. B. E. - - * * * * * - -ROGER ASCHAM AND HIS LETTERS. - -To the epistles of Roger Ascham, given in Elstob's edition, have since been -added several to Raven and others[1], two to Cecil[2], and several to Mrs. -Astley, Bp. Gardiner, Sir Thos. Smith, Mr. Callibut, Sir W. Pawlett, Queen -Elizabeth, the Earl of Leicester, and Mr. C. H.[owe].[3] Some of your -correspondents will, doubtless, be able farther to enlarge this list of -printed letters. - -In a MS. volume, once belonging to Bp. Moore, now in the University -Library, Cambridge, is a volume of transcripts[4], containing, amongst -other documents, letters from Ascham to Petre[5] and to Cecil; one (p. 44.) -"written by R. A., for a gent to a gentlewoman, in waie of marriage," and -one to the B. of W.[inchester], which, though without a signature, is -certainly Ascham's. In another MS. volume, in the same collection (Ee. v. -23.), are copies of Ascham's letter to his wife on the death of their -child[6], and of a letter to Mr. Richard Goodrich. Lastly, Ascham's College -(St. John's) possesses his original letter to Cardinal Pole, written on the -fly-leaf of a copy of Osorius _De nobilitate civili_[7]; and also the -original MS. of the translation of Oecumenius, accompanied by a Latin -letter to Seton.[8] - -These unpublished letters will shortly be printed for the Cambridge -Antiquarian Society. Early information respecting any other MS. works of -Ascham, or collations of his published letters with the originals, will be -thankfully acknowledged. - -J. E. B. MAYOR. - -St. John's College, Cambridge. - -P. S.--I may add that we have at St. John's a {589} copy of Ascham's -Letters (ed. Elstob), with many dates and corrections in Baker's hand. -There may be something new in Kennett's biographical notice of Ascham -(Lansdowne MSS. 981. art. 41.) - -[Footnote 1: In _The English Works of Roger Ascham_, London, 1815, 8vo.: -this edition is reprinted from Bennet's, with additions. Bennet took these -letters from Baker's extracts (in his MSS. xiii. 275-295., now in the -Harleian Collection), "from originals in Mr. Strype's hands." One letter is -more fully given by Mr. Tytler, _England under Edward VI. and Mary_, vol. -ii. p. 124.] - -[Footnote 2: In Sir H. Ellis's _Letters of Eminent Literary Men_, Camden -Soc. Nos. 4 and 5. Correcter copies than had before appeared from the -Lansdowne MSS.] - -[Footnote 3: Most incorrectly printed in Whitaker's _History of -Richmondshire_, vol. i. p. 270. seq. The letters themselves are highly -important and curious.] - -[Footnote 4: Dd. ix. 14. Some of the letters are transcribed by Baker, MSS. -xxxii. p. 520. seq.] - -[Footnote 5: This letter has many sentences in common with that to -Gardiner, of the date Jan. 18 [1554], printed by Whitaker (p. 271. seq.)] - -[Footnote 6: Whitaker, who prints this (p. 289. seq.) says that it had been -printed before. Where?] - -[Footnote 7: This, I believe, unpublished letter is referred to by Osorius, -in a letter to Ascham (_Aschami Epistolae_, p. 397.: Oxon. 1703).] - -[Footnote 8: Both of these have been printed, the letter in _Aschami -Epistolae_, lib. i. ep. 4. p. 68. seq. Compare on the commentary, ibid. pp. -70. and 209.] - - * * * * * - - -Minor Queries. - -_Symbolism in Raphael's Pictures._--In some of the most beautiful pictures -of "The Virgin and Child" of Raphael, and other old masters, our Lord is -represented with His right foot placed upon the right foot of the blessed -Virgin. What is the symbolism of this position? In the Church of Rome, the -God-parent at Holy Confirmation is, if I remember right, directed by a -rubric to place his or her right foot upon the right foot of the person -confirmed. Is this ceremony at all connected with the symbolism I have -noticed? - -WM. FRASER, B.C.L. - -"_Obtains._"--Every one must have observed the frequent recurrence of this -word, more especially those whose study is the law: "This practice on that -principle _obtains_." How did the word acquire the meaning given to it in -such a sentence? - -Y. S. M. - -_Army Lists for Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries._--Where are they to -be found? Not at the Horse Guards, as the records there go back only to -1795. I want particulars of many officers in both centuries; some of them -who came to Ireland temp. Charles I., and during Cromwell's Protectorate, -and others early in the last century. - -Y. S. M. - -_Anonymous Poet._-- - - "It is not to the people of the west of Scotland that the energetic - reproach of the poet can apply. I allude to the passage in which he - speaks of-- - - 'All Scotia's weary days of civil strife-- - When the poor Whig was lavish of his life, - And bought, stern rushing upon Clavers' spears, - The freedom and the scorn of after years.'" - _Peter's Letters to his Kinsfolk_, vol. iii. p. 263. Edin. 1819. - -Who is "the poet?" - -ANON. - -_John Bale._--Strype, in his _Life of Parker_, book iv. sec. 3. p. 539. -edit. 1711, speaking of Bale, says: "He set himself to search many -libraries in Oxford, Cambridge," &c. - -Bale himself, in the list of his own writings, enumerates "ex diversis -bibliothecis." - -Did this piece contain any account of his researches in libraries alluded -to? If so, has it ever been published? Tanner makes no mention of it in his -_Bibliotheca Britannico-Hibernica_. - -H. F. S. - -Cambridge. - -_A short Sermon._--In an essay on Benevolence, by the Rev. David Simpson of -Macclesfield, it is reported of Dean Swift, that he once delivered in his -trite and laconic manner the following short sermon, in advocating the -cause of a charitable institution, the text and discourse containing -thirty-four words only: - - "He that hath pity upon the poor lendeth unto the Lord, and that which - he hath given will He pay him again. Now, my brethren, if you like the - security, down with your money." - -When and where did this occur, and what was the result? - -HENRY EDWARDS. - - * * * * * - - -Minor Queries with Answers. - -_Quakers' Calendar._--What month would the Quakers mean by "12th month," a -century and a half since? - -D. - - [Before the statute 24 Geo. II., for altering the Calendar in Great - Britain, the Quakers began their year on the 25th of March, which they - called the _first_ month; but at the yearly meeting for Sufferings in - London, Oct. 1751, a Committee was appointed to consider what advice - might be necessary to be given to the Friends in relation to the - statute in question. The opinion of the Committee was, "That in all the - records and writings of Friends from and after the last day of the - month, called December, next, the computation of time established by - the said act should be observed; and that, accordingly, the first day - of the eleventh month, commonly called January, next, should be - reckoned and deemed by Friends the first day of the _first_ month of - the year 1752." Consequently the twelfth month, a century and a half - since, would be _February_. See Nicolas's _Chronology_, p. 169.] - -"_Rodondo, or the State Jugglers._"--Who was the author of this political -squib, three cantos, 1763-70; reproduced in _Ruddiman's Collection_, -Edinburgh, 1785? In my copy I have written Hugh Dalrymple, but know not -upon what authority. It is noticed in the _Scots Mag._, vol. xxv., where it -is ascribed to "a Caledonian, who has laid about him so well as to -vindicate his country from the imputation of the _North Briton_, that there -is neither wit nor humour on the other side the Tweed." - -J. O. - - [A copy of this work in the British Museum contains the following MS. - entry: "The author of the three Cantos of _Rodondo_ was Hugh Dalrymple, - Esq. He also wrote _Woodstock_, an elegy reprinted in Pearch's - _Collection of Poems_. At the time of his death he was Attorney-General - for the Grenades, where he died, March 9, 1774. His daughter married - Dr., afterwards Sir John Elliott, from whom she was divorced, and - became a celebrated courtezan."] - -_Rathlin Island._--Has any detailed account of this island, which is -frequently called Rahery, {590} and is a few miles from the northern coast -of Ireland, appeared in print? The locality is most interesting in many -particulars, historical and geological, and might therefore be made the -subject of an instructive paper. A brief account was inserted, I think, a -few years ago in an English periodical. - -ABHBA. - - [An interesting and detailed account of this island, which he calls - Raghery, is given in Hamilton's _Letters concerning the Northern Coast - of the County of Antrim_, 1790, 8vo., pp. 13-33. Consult also Lewis's - _Topographical History of Ireland_, vol. ii. p. 501.] - -_Parochial Registers._--When and where were parochial registers first -established? The earliest extant at the present day? - -ABHBA. - - [We fear our correspondent has not consulted that useful and amusing - work, Burn's _History of Parish Registers in England, also of the - Registers of Scotland, Ireland, the East and West Indies, the Fleet, - King's Bench, Mint, Chapel Royal, &c._, 8vo. 1829, which contains a - curious collection of miscellaneous particulars concerning them.] - -_"Trevelyan," &c._--Who was the author of two novels, published about -twenty years ago, called _A Marriage in High Life_ and _Trevelyan_: the -latter the later of the two? - -UNEDA. - -Philadelphia. - - [These works are by the Hon. Caroline Lucy Scott, at present residing - at Petersham, in Surrey.] - -_Grammar School of St. Mary de Crypt, Gloucester._--Can you give me the -name of the master of the Grammar School of St. Mary de Crypt in 1728? - -SIGMA (1). - - [Daniel Bond, B.A., was elected master March 25, 1724, and was also - vicar of Leigh. He died in 1750.] - - * * * * * - - -Replies. - -CRANMER'S MARTYRDOM. - -(Vol. ix., pp. 392. 547.) - -I thank G. W. R. for his courteous remarks on my note on Cranmer. Perhaps I -have overstated the effect of pain on the nervous system; certainly I was -wrong in making a wider assertion than was required by my case, which is, -that no man could hold his hand over unconfined flame till it was "entirely -consumed" or "burnt to a coal." "Bruslee a feu de souphre" does not go so -far as that, nor is it said at what time of the burning Ravaillac raised -his head to look at his hand. - -J. H. has mistaken my intention. I have always carefully avoided everything -which tended to religious or moral controversy in "N. & Q." I treated -Cranmer's case on physiological grounds only. I did not look for -"cotemporaneous evidence against that usually received," any more than I -should for such evidence that St. Denis did not walk from Paris to -Montmartre with his head in his hand. If either case is called a miracle, I -have nothing to say upon it _here_; and for the same reason that I avoid -such discussion, I add, that in not noticing J. H.'s opinions on Cranmer, I -must not be understood as assenting to or differing from them. J. H. says: - - "It would surely be easy to produce facts of almost every week from the - evidence given in coroners' inquests, in which persons have had their - limbs burnt off--to say nothing of farther injury--without the shock - producing death." - -If favoured with one such fact, I will do my best to inquire into it. None -such has fallen within my observation or reading. - -The heart remaining "entire and unconsumed among the ashes," is a minor -point. It does not seem impossible to J. H., "in its plain and obvious -meaning." Do the words admit two meanings? Burnet says: - - "But it was no small matter of astonishment to find his heart entire, - and not consumed among the ashes; which, though the reformed would not - carry so far as to make a miracle of it, and a clear proof that his - heart had continued true, though his hand had erred; yet they objected - it to the Papists, that it was certainly such a thing, that if it had - fallen out in any of their church, they had made it a miracle."--Vol. - ii. p. 429. - -H. B. C. - -U. U. Club. - -Permit me to offer to H. B. C.'s consideration the case of Mutius Scaevola, -who, failing in his attempt to kill Porsenna in his own camp, and being -taken before the king, thrust his right hand into the fire, and held it -there until burnt; at the same time declaring that he knew three hundred -men who would not flinch from doing the same thing. To a certain extent, I -am inclined to think with ALFRED GATTY (Vol. ix., p. 246.), "that an -exalted state of feeling may be attained;" which, though it will not render -the religious or political martyr insensible to pain, it will yet nerve him -to go through his martyrdom without demonstration of extreme suffering. - -This ability to endure pain may be accounted for in either of the following -ways: - -1. An exalted state of feeling; instance Joan of Arc. - -2. Fortitude; instance Mutius Scaevola. - -3. Nervous insensibility; which carries the vanquished American Indian -through the most exquisite tortures, and enables him to fall asleep on the -least respite of his agony. - -Should these three be united in one individual, it is needless to say that -he could undergo any bodily pain without a murmur. - -JOHN P. STILWELL. - -{591} - - * * * * * - -COLERIDGE'S UNPUBLISHED MANUSCRIPTS. - -(Vol. ix., pp. 496. 543.) - -Every admirer of Coleridge's writings must feel, as I do, grateful to MR. -GREEN for the detailed account he has rendered of the manuscripts committed -to his care. A few points, however, in his reply call for a rejoinder on my -part. I will be as brief as possible. - -I never doubted for an instant that, had I "sought a private explanation of -the matters" comprised in my Note, MR. GREEN would have courteously -responded to the application. This is just what I did _not_ want: a public -explanation was what I desired. "N. & Q." (Vol. iv., p. 411.; Vol. vi., p. -533.; Vol. viii., p. 43.) will bear witness to the fact that the public -required to know the reason why works of Coleridge, presumed to exist in -manuscript, were still withheld from publication: and I utterly deny the -justice of MR. GREEN's allegation, that because I have _explicitly_ stated -the charge _implied_ by Mr. Alsop (the editor of _Letters, Conversations, -and Recollections of Coleridge_) in his strictures, I have made an -inconsiderate, not to say a coarse, attack upon him (MR. GREEN). When a -long series of appeals to the fortunate possessor of the Coleridge -manuscripts (whoever he might turn out to be) had been met with silent -indifference, I felt that the time was come to address an appeal personally -to MR. GREEN himself. That he has acted with the approbation of Coleridge's -family, nobody can doubt; for the public (thanks to Mr. Alsop) know too -well how little the greatest of modern philosophers was indebted to that -family in his lifetime, to attach much importance to their approbation or -disapprobation. - -No believer in the philosophy of Coleridge can look with greater anxiety -than I do for the forthcoming work of MR. GREEN. That the pupil of -Coleridge, and the author of _Vital Dynamics_, will worthily acquit himself -in this great field, who can question? But I, for one, must enter my -protest against the publication of MR. GREEN's book being made the pretext -of depriving the public of their right (may I say?) to the perusal of such -works as do exist in manuscript, finished or unfinished. Again I beg most -respectfully to urge on MR. GREEN the expediency, not to say paramount -duty, of his giving to the world _intact_ the _Logic_ (consisting of the -_Canon_ and other parts), the _Cosmogony_, and, as far as possible, the -_History of Philosophy_. If his plea, that these works are not in a -finished state, had been heretofore held good in bar of publication, we -should probably have lost the inestimable privilege of reading and -possessing those fragmentary works of the great philosopher which have -already been made public. - -C. MANSFIELD INGLEBY. - -Birmingham. - - * * * * * - -LIFE. - -(Vol. vii., pp. 429. 560. 608.; Vol. viii., pp. 43. 550.) - -Your correspondent H. C. K. (Vol. vii., 560.) quotes a passage from Sir -Thomas Browne's _Religio Medici_, sect. xlii. The following passage from -the same writer's _Christian Morals_ is much more to the point: - - "When the Stoic said ('Vitam nemo acciperet, si daretur - scientibus'--_Seneca_) that life would not be accepted if it were - offered unto such as knew it, he spoke too meanly of that state of - being which placeth us in the form of men. It more depreciates the - value of this life, that _men would not live it over again_; for - although they would still live on, yet _few or none can endure to think - of being twice the same men upon earth, and some had rather never have - lived than to tread over their days once more_. Cicero, in a prosperous - state, had not the patience to think of beginning in a cradle again. - ('Si quis Deus mihi largiatur, ut repuerascam et in cunis vagiam, valde - recusem.'--_De Senectute._) Job would not only curse the day of his - nativity, but also of his renascency, if he were to act over his - disasters and the miseries of the dunghill. But the greatest - underweening of this life is to undervalue that unto which this is but - exordial, or a passage leading unto it. The great advantage of this - mean life is thereby to stand in a capacity of a better; for the - colonies of heaven must be drawn from earth, and the sons of the first - Adam are only heirs unto the second. Thus Adam came into this world - with the power also of another; not only to replenish the earth, but - the everlasting mansions of heaven."--Part III. sect. xxv. - - "Looking back we see the dreadful train - Of woes anew, which, were we to sustain, - We should refuse to tread the path again." - Prior's _Solomon_, b. iii. - -The crown is won by the cross, the victor's wreath in the battle of life: - - "This is the condition of the battle[9] which man that is born upon the - earth shall fight. That if he be overcome he shall suffer as thou hast - said, but if he get the victory, he shall receive the thing that I - say."--2 _Esdr._ vii. 57. - -Our grade in the other world is determined by our probation here. To use a -simile of Asgill's, this life of time is a university in which we take our -degree for eternity. Heaven is a pyramid, or ever-ascending scale; the -world of evil is an inverted pyramid, or ever-descending scale. Life is -motion. There is no such thing as stagnation: everything is either -advancing or retrograding. Corruption itself is an activity, and evil is -ever growing. According to the _habits_ formed within us, we are ascending -or descending; we cannot stand still. - -A man, then, in whom the higher life predominates, were he to live life -over again, would {592} grow from grace to grace, and his status in the -spirit world would be higher than in the first life, and _vice versa_; an -evil man[10] would be more completely evil, and would rank in a darker and -more bestial form. They who hear not the good tidings will not be persuaded -though one rose from the dead; and those with whom the experience of one -life failed would not repent in the second. - -The testimony of the Shunamite's son, Lazarus, and of those who rose from -the dead at the crucifixion, is not recorded; but they who have escaped -from the jaws of death, by recovery from sickness or preservation from -danger, may in a certain sense be said to live life over again. After the -fright is over the warning in most cases loses its influence, and we have a -verification of the two proverbs, "Out of sight out of mind," and-- - - "The devil was sick, the devil a monk would be; - The devil was well, the devil a monk would he." - -In a word, this experiment of a second life would best succeed with him -whose habits are formed for good, and whose life is already overshadowed by -the divine life. Even of such an one it might be said, "Man is frail, the -battle is sore, and the flesh is weak; even a good man may fall and become -a castaway." The most unceasing circumspection is ever requisite. The most -polished steel rusts in this corrosive atmosphere, and purest metals get -discoloured. - -Finally, it is very probable that God gives every man a complete probation; -that is to say, He cuts not man's thread of life till he be at the same -side of the line he should be were he to live myriads of years. Every man -is made up of a mixture of good and evil: these two principles never become -soluble together, but ever tend each to eliminate the other. They hurry on -in circles, alternately intersecting and gaining the ascendancy, till one -is at last precipitated to the bottom, and pure good or evil remains. In -the nature of things there are critical moments and tides of circumstances -which become turning-points when time merges into eternity and mutability -into permanence: and such a crisis may occur in the course of a short life -as well as in many lives lived over again. - -EIRIONNACH. - -[Footnote 9: - - "A field of battle is this mortal life!" - _Young_, N. viii. - -[Footnote 10: See a recent novel by Frederick Souillet, entitled _Si -Jeunesse savait, Si Vieillesse pouvait_.] - -_Life and Death_ (Vol. ix., p. 481.).--The following is on a monument at -Lowestoft, co. Suffolk, to the memory of John, son of John and Anne Wilde, -who died February 9, 1714, aged five years and six months: - - "Quem Dii amant moritur Juvenis." - -SIGMA. - -The following may be added to the parallel passages collected by -EIRIONNACH. Chateaubriand says, in his _Memoirs_, that the greatest -misfortune which can happen to a man is to be born, and the next greatest -is to have a child. As Chateaubriand had no children, the most natural -comment on the last branch of his remark is "sour grapes." - -UNEDA. - -Philadelphia. - - * * * * * - -INSCRIPTIONS ON BELLS. - -(Vol. ix., p. 109.) - -_St. Nicholas Church, Sidmouth._--Having, on October 21, 1850, taken -intaglios in pressing-wax of the inscription forwarded by MR. GORDON, from -which plaster casts were made, the writer is able to speak of it with some -degree of confidence. The inscription, however, is not peculiar to -Sidmouth: it is found at other places in the county of Devon, and perhaps -elsewhere. In Harvey's _Sidmouth Directory_ for March, 1851, there is an -article descriptive of all the six bells at this place, in which there is a -fac-simile, engraved on wood, of the inscription in question. The words run -all round the bell; and each word is placed on a cartouche. The Rev. Dr. -Oliver of Exeter, in his communication to the writer on this subject, calls -the bell the "Jesus Bell." The _Directory_ observes: - - "It was formerly the practice to christen bells with ceremonies similar - to, but even more solemn than, those attending the naming of children; - and they were frequently dedicated to Christ (as this is), to the - Virgin, or some saint." - -Dr. Oliver to the writer says: - - "I have met with it at Whitstone, near this city [Exeter], at East - Teignmouth, &c.; _michi_ for _mihi_; [ihc (black-letter)], the - abbreviation for Jesus. Very often the word _veneratum_ occurs instead - of _amatum_, and _illud_ instead of _istud_." - -The [ihc (black-letter)] stands thus: [=i]h[=c]. The _Directory_, on this -abbreviated word, remarks,-- - - "The IHS, as an abbreviation for Jesus, is a blunder. Casley, in his - _Catalogue of the King's MSS._, observes, p. 23., that 'in Latin MSS. - the Greek letters of the word Christus, as also Jesus, are always - retained, except that the terminations are changed according to the - Latin language. Jesus is written [=IHS], or in small characters ihs, - which is the Greek [Greek: [=IES]] or [Greek: [=ies]], an - abbreviation for [Greek: iesous]. However, the scribes knew nothing of - this for a thousand years before the invention of printing, for if they - had they would not have written [=ihs] for [Greek: iesous]; but they - ignorantly copied after one another such letters as they found put for - these words. Nay, at length they pretended to find _Jesus Hominum - Salvator_ comprehended in the word [=IHS], which is another proof that - they took the middle letter for _h_, not [eta]. The dash also over the - word, which is a sign of abbreviation, some have changed to the sign of - the cross' [Hone's _Mysteries_, p. 282.]. The old way of {593} spelling - Jhesus with an _h_ may perhaps be referred to the same mistake. The - inscription, then, runs thus: - - [Est mihi collatum Jesus istud nomen amatum], - - which may be rendered, Jesus, that beloved name, is given to me. The - bell bears no date, but is of course older than the period of the - Reformation. But it remains to be observed that the last letter of the - three is not an _s_ but a c. It seems that in the old Greek - inscriptions the substitution of the _c_ for the _s_ was common. - Several examples are given in Horne's Introduction, vol. ii. pt. 1. ch. - iii. sect. 2., but we have not room to quote them. Suffice it to say - that at p. 100., in speaking of the MSS. of the Codex Vaticanus, he - says, 'The abbreviations are few, being confined chiefly to those words - which are in general abbreviated, such as [theta]C, KC, IC, XC, for - [Greek: Theos], [Greek: Kurios], [Greek: Iesous], [Greek: Christos], - _God_, _Lord_, _Jesus_, _Christ_.' At the end of these words, in the - abbreviations, the _c_ is used for the _s_.--_Peter._" - -This fourth bell is the oldest in the tower. The third, dated 1667, has -quite a modern appearance as compared with it. The second, fifth, and sixth -are all dated 1708, and the first, or smallest, was added in 1824. - -PETER ORLANDO HUTCHINSON. - -Sidmouth. - -An appropriate inscription is to be found on the bell of St. John's -Cathedral in this colony, date London, 1845. It is in the words of St. -Paul's mission, Acts xxii. 21.: "I will send thee far hence unto the -Gentiles." - -W. T. M. - -Hong Kong. - -Here is a modern achievement in this kind of literature. It exists on one -of the eight bells belonging to the church tower of Pilton, Devon: - - "Recast by John Taylor and Son, - Who the best prize for church bells won - At the Great Ex-hi-bi-ti-on - In London, 1--8--5 and 1." - -R. W. C. - -I continue (from Vol. viii., p. 248.) my Notes of inscriptions on bells. - -Mathon, Worcestershire. A peal of six bells: - - 1. "Peace and good neighbourhood." - - 2. "Glory to God." - - 3. "Fear God and honour the King." - - 4. "God preserve our Church and State." - - 5. "Prosperity to the town." - - 6. "The living to the church I call, - And to the grave do summon all." - -Bromsgrove, Worcestershire. Ten bells; the inscriptions on two are as -follows, the rest merely bearing the names of churchwardens, &c.: - - 5. "God prosper the parish. A. R. 1701." - - 10. "I to the church the living call, - And to the grave do summon all. 1773." - -The latter seems to be a favourite inscription. The REV. W. S. SIMPSON -mentions it (Vol. viii., p. 448.) on a bell in one of the Oxfordshire -churches. - -Fotheringay, Northamptonshire. Four bells: - - 1. "Thomas Norris made me. 1634." - - 2. "Domini laudem, 1614, non verbo sed voce resonabo." - -The two others respectively bear the dates 1609, 1595, with the initials of -the rector and churchwarden, and (on the fourth bell) the words "Praise -God." On a recent visit to this church I copied the following inscription -from a bell, which, being cracked, is no longer used, and is now placed -within the nave of the church. This bell is not mentioned by Archdeacon -Bonney in his _Historic Notices of Fotheringay_, though he gives the -inscriptions on the four others. - - "Non clamor sed amor cantat in aure Dei. A. M. R. R. W. W. I. L. 1602." - -The inscription is in Lombardic characters. MR. SIMPSON notes the same at -Girton, Cambridgeshire (Vol. viii., p. 108.). - -Godmanchester, Hunts. Eight bells: - - 1. "Thomas Osborn, Downham, _fecit_, 1794. - Intactum sillo. Percute dulce cano." - - 4. "T. Osborn {Our voices shall with joyful sound} - _fecit_. {Make hills and valleys echo round.} 1794." - - 8. "Rev. Castel Sherard, rector; Jno. Martin, Robert Waller, bailiffs; - John Scott, Richard Mills, churchwardens; T. Osborn _fecit_. 1794." - -Morborne, Hunts. Two bells: - - 1. "Cum voco ad ecclesiam, venite." - - 2. "Henry Penn _fusore_. 1712." - -Stilton, Hunts. Two bells: - - 1. "Thomas Norris made me. 1689." - -CUTHBERT BEDE, B.A. - -At Bedale, in Yorkshire, is a bell weighing by estimation twenty-six -hundredweight, which is probably of the same date, or nearly so, as the -Dyrham bell. It measures four feet two inches and a half across the lip, -and has the following inscription round the crown: - - "[+] IOU : EGO : CUM : FIAM : CRUCE : CUSTOS : LAUDO : MARIAM : DIGNA : - DEI : LAUDE : MATER : DIGNISSIMA : GAUDE;" - -the commencement of which I do not understand. There are five smaller bells -belonging to the peal at Bedale, and a prayer bell. They bear inscriptions -in the following order: - -The prayer bell: - - "Voco. Veni. Precare. 1713." - S.S. - -{594} - -The first, or lightest of the peal: - - "Gloria in excelsis Deo. 1755. Edw^d Place, rector; - E. - Seller, - Ebor. - Jn^o Pullein, churchwarden." - -The second: - - "Iesus be ovr speed. P. S., T. W., H. S., I. W., M. W. 1664." - -The third: - - "Deo Gloria pxa Hominibus. 1627." - -The fourth: - - "Jesus be our speed. 1625." - -The fifth: - - "Soli Deo Gloria Pax Hominibus. 1631." - -The letters P. S., on the second bell, are the initials of Dr. Peter -Samwaies, who died April 5, 1693, having been thirty-one years rector of -Bedale. - -On the fly-leaf of one of the later registers at Hornby, near Bedale, is -written the following memorandum: - - "Inscription on the third bell at Hornby: - - 'When I do ring, - God's praises sing; - When I do toll, - Pray heart and soul.' - - This bell was given to the parish church of Hornby by the Lord Conyers - in the reign of Henry VII., but, being broken, was recast by William - Lord D'Arcy and Conyers, the second of the name, 1656." - -PATONCE. - -Charwelton Church, Northants: - - 1. Broken to pieces: some fragments in the vestry. On one piece, "Ave - Maria." - - 2. "Jesus Nazarenus rex Judeorum fili Dei miserere mei. 1630." - - 3. appears a collection of Saxon letters put together without connexion. - - 4. "Nunquam ad preces cupies ire, - Cum sono si non vis venire. 1630." - -Heyford Church, Northants: - - 1. "God saue the King. 1638." - - 2. "Cum cum Praie. 1601." - - 3. "Henry Penn made me. 1704. - John Paine, Thmoas [_sic_] Middleton, churchwardens." - - 4. "Thomas Morgan, Esquier, gave me - To the Church of Heford, frank and free. 1601." - -With coat of arms of the Morgans on the side. - -Floore Church, Northants: - - 1. "Russell of Wooton, near Bedford, made me. 1743. - James Phillips, Thomas Clark, churchwardens." - - 2. "Cantate Domino cantum novum. 1679." - - 3. "Henry Bagley made mee. 1679." - - 4. "Matthew Bagley made mee. 1679." - - 5. "John Phillips and Robert Bullocke, churchwardens. 1679." - - 6. "To the church the living call, - And to the grave do summonds [_sic_] all. - Russell of Wooton made me, - In seventeen hundred and forty-three." - -Three coins inserted round the top. - -Slapton Church, Northants: - - 1. [The Sancte bell] "Richard de Wambis me fesit" [_sic_]. - - 2. "Xpe audi nos." - - 3. "Ultima sum trina campana vocor Katerina." - -All in Saxon letters. No dates. - -Inscription cut on the frame of Slapton bells: - - "BE . IT . KNO - WEN . UN - TO . ALL . TH - IS . SAME . TH - AT . THOMAS - COWPER . OF - WOODEND . - MADE . THIS . FRAME. - 1634." - -Hellidon Church, Northants: - - 1. "God save the King. 1635." - - 2. "IHS Nazarenus rex Judaeorum fili Dei miserere mei. 1635." - - 3. "Celorum Christe platiat [_sic_] tibi rex sonus iste. 1615." - - 4. Same as 2. - -Dodford Church, Northants: - - 1. "Matthew Bagley made me. 1679." - - 2. "Campana gravida peperit filias. 1674." - - 3. "IHS Nazarenus [&c., as before]. 1632." - - 4. "Ex Dono Johannis Wyrley Armiger. 1614." - -And five coins round the lip. - - 5. Inscription same as 3. Date 1626. - - 6. Ditto ditto Date 1624. - -Wappenham Church, Northants: - - 1. "Henry Bagley made me. 1664." - - 2. "R. T. 1518. [+]" - - 3. "Praise the Lord. 1599." - - 4. "GOD SAVE KING JAMES. R. A. 1610." - -Three coins on lip and bell-founder's arms. - -The Sancte bell was recast in 1842, and hangs now in the north window of -belfry. {595} - -Brackley, St. Peter's Church, Northants: - - 1. "Jesus Nazarenus [&c., as before]. 1628." - - 2. "God save the King. 1628." - - 3. Same as 1. - - 4. "Celorum Christe platiat [_sic_] tibi rex sonus iste. 1628." - - 5. "Cum sono si non vis venire, } - Nunquam ad preces cupies ire } 1628." - -Dunton Church, Leicestershire: - - 1. "IHS Nazarenus [&c., as before]. 1619." - - 2. "Be it knone to all that doth me see, - That Clay of Leicester made me. - Nick. Harald and John More, churchwardens. 1711." - - 3. Same as 1. Date 1621. - -Leire Church, Leicestershire: - - 1. "Jesus be oure good speed. 1654." - - 2. "Henricus Bagley _fecit_. 1675." - - 3. "Recast A.D. 1755, John Sleath, C.W.; - Tho^s Eyre de Kettering _fecit_." - -Frolesworth Church, Leicestershire: - - 1. "Jesus Nazarenus [&c., as before]. 1635." - - 2. In Old English characters (no date): - - "Dum Rosa precata mundi Maria vocata." - - 3. Same as 1. - -J. R. M., M.A. - -The legend noted from a bell at Sidmouth (Vol. ix., p. 109.), namely,-- - - "Est michi collatum - Ihc istud nomen amatum," - -is not an unusual inscription on mediaeval black-letter bells, if I may use -the expression. The characters are small. It is on two bells at Teignmouth, -and is on one of the bells in this tower: - - 1. "[+] Voce mea viva depello cuncta nociva." - - 2. "[+] Est michi collatum Ihc istud nomen amatum." - - 3. "Embrace trew museck." - -A correspondent, MR. W. S. SIMPSON (Vol. viii., p. 448.), asks the date of -the earliest known examples of bells. - -Dates on mediaeval bells are, I believe, very rare in England. I have but -few notes of any. My impression is that such bells are as old as the towers -which contain them, judging from the character of the letter, the wear and -tear of the iron work, aye, of the bell itself. Many old bells have been -recast, and on _such_ there is often a record of the date of its prototype. -For instance, at St. Peter's, Exeter: - - "Ex dono Petri Courtenay," &c., "1484;" "renovat," &c., "1676." - -At Chester-le-Street: - - "Thomas Langley dedit," &c., "1409;" "refounded," &c., "1665." - -I will add two or three with dates. - -Bruton, Somerset: - - "Est Stephanus primus lapidatus gracia plenus. 1528." - -At St. Alkmond's, Derby: - - "Ut tuba sic resono, ad templa venite pii. 1586." - -At Lympey Stoke, Somerset: - - "W. P., I. A. F. 1596." - -Hexham. Old bells taken down 1742: - - 1. "Ad primos cantus pulsat nos Rex gloriosus." - - 2. "Et cantare ... faciet nos vox Nicholai." - - 3. "Est nobis digna Katerine vox benigna." - - 4. "Omnibus in Annis est vox Deo grata Johannis. - A.D. MCCCCIIII." - - 5. "Andrea mi care Johanne consociare. - A.D. MCCCCIIII." - - 6. "Est mea vox orata dum sim Maria vocata. - A.D. MCCCCIIII." - -Any earlier dates would be acceptable. - -On the Continent bells are usually dated. I will extract, from Roccha _De -Campanis_, those at St. Peter's at Rome. - -The great bell: - - "In nomine Domini, Matris, Petriq., Pauliq. - Accipe devotum, parvum licet, accipe munus, - Quod tibi Christe dat[=u] Petri, Pauliq. tri[=u]phum, - Explicat, et nostram petit, populiq. salutem - Ipsorum pietate dari, meritisq. refundi - Et verbum caro factum est. - Anno milleno trecento cum quinquageno - Additis et tribus Septembris mense colatur; - Ponderat et millia decies septiesq. librarum." - - 2. "In nomine Patris, et Filii, et Spiritus Sancti. Am[=e]. - Ad honorem Dei, et Beatae Mariae Virginis, - Et Beatorum Apostolorum Petri et Pauli, - Verbum Caro factum est, - Solve jubente Deo terrar[=u] Petre cathenas, qui facis, - Ut pateant coelestia Regna beatis, - M - Haec campana cum alia majore ponderante --- - XVI. - Post consumptionem ignito fulgure, anno precedente - imminente, fusa est, anno Domini MCCCLIII. - Mense Junii, et ponderat haec MX et centena librarum. - Amen." - - 3. "Nomine Dominico Patris, prolisq. spirati - Ordine tertiam Petri primae succedere noscant. - Per dies paucos quotquot sub nomine dicto - Sanctam Ecclesiam colunt in agmine trino. Amen." - - 4. "Anno Domini MCCLXXXVIIII. ad honorem Dei, et Beatae Mariae - Virginis, et Sancti Thomae Apostoli Tempore Fratris Joannis de Leodio - Ministri, factum fuit hoc opus de legato quondam Domini {596} Rikardi - Domini Papae Notarii. Guidottus Pisanus me fecit." - -On a small bell: - - "Mentem Sanctam Spontaneam, honorem Deo, - Et Patris liberationem. - Ave Maria gratia plena Dominus tecum; - Benedicta tu in mulieribus - Et benedictus fructus ventris tui." - -In the Church of St. John Lateran was a bell with a mutilated inscription; -but the date is plain, 1389. The name of Boniface IX. is on it, who was -Sum. Pont. in that year. - -In the Church of St. Mariae Majoris were two bells dated anno Dom. 1285; -and another 1291. - -In the Church of the Jesuits was a bell with this inscription, brought from -England: - - "Facta fuit A. Dom. 1400, Die vi M[=e]sis Sept[=e]bris. - Sancta Barbara, ora pro nobis." - -Roccha, who published his _Commentary_ 1612, says: - - "In multis Campanis _fit mentio de Anno, in quo facta est Campana_, - necnon de ipsius Ecclesiae Rectore, vel optime merito, et Campanae - artifice, _ut ego ipse vidi Romae_, ubi praecipuarum Ecclesiarum, et - Basilicarum inscriptiones Campanis incisas perlegi."--P. 55. - -So that it would appear that the practice of inscribing dates on bells was -usual on the Continent, though for some reason or other it did not -generally obtain in England till after the Reformation. I have a Note of -another foreign bell or two with an early date. - -At Strasburg: - - "[+] O Rex gloriae Christe, veni cum pace! MCCCLXXV. tertio Nonas - Augusti." - -On another: - - "Vox ego sum vitae, voco vos, orate, venite. 1461." - -On a bell called St. D'Esprit: - - "Anno Dom. MCCCCXXVII mense Julio fusa sum, per - Magistrum Joannem Gremp de Argentina. - Nuncio festa, metum, nova quaedam flebile lethum." - -A bell called the Magistrates: - - "Als man zahlt 1475 Jahr - War Kaiser Friedrick hier offenbar: - Da hat mich Meister Thomas Jost gegossen - Dem Rath zu laueten ohnverdrossen." - -On another: - - "Nomen Domini sit benedictum. 1806." - -I would beg to add a Note of one more early and interesting bell which was -at Upsala: - - "[+] Anno . Domini . MDXIIII . fusa . est . ista . Campana . - in . honorem . Sancti . Erici . Regis . et . - Martiris . Rex . erat . Ericus . humilis . devotus . - honestus . prudens . V." - -What V. means is rather a puzzle. - -I fear I have already extended this reply to a length beyond all fair -limit. I may at some future time (if desirable) send you a long roll of -legends on mediaeval bells without dates, and others of the seventeenth and -eighteenth centuries, some of a devotional character, and others of the -style of unseemly and godless epitaphs. But it is to be hoped that in -these, as in other like matters, a better taste is beginning to -predominate; and it must be a subject of congratulation that - - "Jam nova progenies coelo demittitur alto." - -H. T. ELLACOMBE. - -Rectory, Clyst St. George. - -In the steeple of Foulden Church, South Greenhoe Hd., Norfolk, are six -bells with inscriptions as under: - - 1. "Thos. Osborn _fecit_. 1802. - Peace and good neighbourhood." - - 2. "The laws to praise, my voice I raise." - - 3. "Thos. Osborn _fecit_, Downham, Norfolk." - - 4. "Our voices shall with joyful sound - Make hill and valley echo round." - - 5. "I to the church the living call, - And to the grave I summon all." - - 6. "Long live King George the Third. - Thomas Osborn _fecit_, 1802." - -GODDARD JOHNSON. - - * * * * * - -DE BEAUVOIR PEDIGREE. - -(Vol. ix., p. 349.) - -Your correspondent MR. THOMAS RUSSELL POTTER inquires whether any -descendants of the De Beauvoirs of Guernsey are still existing. The family -was, at one time, so numerous in that island that there are few of the -gentry who cannot claim a De Beauvoir among their ancestors; but the name -itself became extinct there by the death of Osmond de Beauvoir, Esq., in -1810. Some few years later, the last of a branch of the family settled in -England died, leaving a very large property, which was inherited by a Mr. -Benyon, who assumed the name of De Beauvoir. - -The name is also to be found in the Irish baronetcy; a baronet of the name -of Brown having married the daughter and heiress of the Rev. Peter de -Beauvoir, the widow I believe of an Admiral McDougal, and thereupon taking -up his wife's maiden name. - -With respect to the pedigree which MR. POTTER quotes, and of which many -copies exist in this island, it is without doubt one of the most impudent -forgeries in that way ever perpetrated. From internal evidence, it was -drawn up at the latter end of the reign of Elizabeth, or at the beginning -{597} of the reign of James I., as the compiler speaks of Roger, Earl of -Rutland, as being living. This nobleman succeeded to the title in 1588, and -died in 1612. The pedigree ends in the Guernsey line with Henry de -Beauvoir; whom we may therefore presume to have been still alive, or but -recently deceased; and whose great-grandfather, according to the pedigree, -was the first of the name in the island. Allowing three generations to a -century, this would throw back the arrival of the first of the De Beauvoirs -to some part of the sixteenth century; but we have proof that they were -settled here long before that time. In an authentic document, preserved -among the records of the island, the extent of the crown revenues drawn up -by order of Edward III. in 1331, the names of Pierre and Guillaume de -Beauvoir are found. Another Pierre de Beauvoir, apparently the -great-grandson of the above-mentioned Pierre, was Bailiff of Guernsey from -1470 to 1480. As for the family of Harryes, no such I believe ever existed -in Guernsey; but a gentleman of the name of Peter Henry, belonging to a -family of very ancient standing in the island, bought property in Salisbury -in the year 1551, where the name seems to have been Anglicised to Harrys or -Harris; as the name of his son Andrew, who was a jurat of the Royal Court -of Guernsey, appears as often on the records of the island in the one form -as in the other. One of Peter Henry's or Harris's daughters was married at -Salisbury to a Henry de Beauvoir; and I have no doubt this is the marriage -with which the pedigree ends. If I am right, the Harryes' pedigree has no -more claim to authenticity than the De Beauvoir. If MR. POTTER wishes for -farther information, and will communicate with me, I shall be happy to -answer his inquiries as far as I am able. - -The pedigree itself, however, suggests two or three Queries which I should -like to see answered. - -The heading is signed Hamlet Sankye or Saukye. Is anything known of such a -person? - -The pedigree speaks of Sir Robert de Beauveir of Tarwell, Knt., _now -living_. Was there ever a family of the name of De Beauveir, De Beauvoir, -or Beaver, of Tarwell, in Nottinghamshire? And if there was, what arms did -they bear? - -If there was such a family, was it in any way connected with any of the -early proprietors of Belvoir Castle? - -Is anything known of a family of the name of Harryes or Harris of Orton, -and what were their arms? - -EDGAR MACCULLOCH. - -Guernsey. - - * * * * * - -RIGHT OF REFUGE IN THE CHURCH PORCH. - -(Vol. ix., p. 325.) - -The following entry appears in a Corporation Book of this city, under the -year 1662: - - "Thomas Corbold, who hath a loathesome disease, have, with his wife and - two children, layne in the Porch of St. Peters per Mountegate above one - year; it is now ordered by the Court that he be put into some place in - the Pest-houses during the pleasure of the Court, untill the - Lazar-houses be repaired." - -How they were supported during the year does not appear, or if he belonged -to the parish; nor is it said that it was considered he gained settlement -on the parish by continuing in the porch one year. - -I have heard of similar instances under an idea that any person may lodge -in a church porch, and are not removable; but I believe it is an erroneous -idea. - -GODDARD JOHNSON. - -In proof of the idea being current among the lower orders, that the church -porch is a place of refuge for any houseless parishioners, I beg to state -that a poor woman of the adjoining parish of Langford, came the other day -to ask whether I, as a magistrate, could render her any assistance, as, in -consequence of her husband's father and mother having gone to America, she -and her family had become houseless, and were obliged to take up their -abode in the church porch. - -A. S. - -West Tofts Rectory, Brandon, Norfolk. - -I know an instance where a person found a temporary, but at the same time -an involuntary, home in a church porch. There was a dispute between the -parishes of Frodingham and Broughton, co. Lincoln, some twelve months ago, -as to the settlement of an old woman. She had been living for some time in, -and had become chargeable to the latter parish, but was said to belong to -the former. By some means or other the woman's son was induced to convey -his mother to the parish of Frodingham, which he did; and as he knew quite -well that the overseer of the parish would not receive her at his hands, he -adopted the somewhat strange course of leaving her in the church porch, -where she remained until evening, when the overseer of Frodingham took her -away, fearing that her life might be in danger from exposure to the cold, -she being far advanced in years. Until I saw CHEVERELLS' Query, I thought -the depository of the old woman in the church porch was, so far as the -_place_ of deposit was concerned, more accidental than designed; but after -all it may be the remnant of some such custom as that of which he speaks, -and I, for one, should be glad to see farther inquiry made into it. To -which of J. H. Parker's _Parochial Tales_ does CHEVERELLS allude? - -W. E. HOWLETT. - -Kirton-in-Lindsey. - -{598} - - * * * * * - -FERDINAND CHARLES III., DUKE OF PARMA. - -(Vol. ix., p. 417.) - -The late Duke of Parma was not the first lineal representative of the -Stuarts, as stated by E. S. S. W. Victor Emanuel, King of Sardinia, who -succeeded in 1802, left by his wife Maria Theresa of Austria four -daughters. The eldest of these four, Beatrix, born in 1792, married, in -1812, Francis IV., Duke of Modena, and by him (who died on the 21st of -January, 1846) had issue two sons and two daughters. The eldest of these -sons, Francis V., the present reigning Duke of Modena, is therefore the -person who would be now sitting on the English throne had the Stuarts kept -the succession. He has no children, I believe, by his wife Adelgonda of -Bavaria; and the next person in succession would therefore be Dorothea, the -infant daughter of his deceased brother Victor. - -Victor Emanuel's _second_ daughter was Maria Theresa, who married Charles -Duke of Parma, as stated by E. S. S. W. - -The present Countess of Chambord is Maria Theresa Beatrice-Gaetana, the -eldest of the two sisters of Francis V., Duke of Modena. She is therefore -wife of the representative of the House of Bourbon, and sister to the -representative of the House of Stuart. - -S. L. P. - -Oxford and Cambridge Club. - -Allow me to correct the statement made by your correspondent, that the Duke -of Parma represented the Royal House of Stuart. The mother of the late Duke -of Parma had an elder sister, Maria Beatrice, who married Francis IV., late -Duke of Modena, and upon her death, in 1840, the _representation_ devolved -upon her son, Francis V., the present Duke of Modena, who was born in 1819. - -P. V. - -Allow me to remark on the article of E. S. S. W. (Vol. ix., p. 417.) -respecting the House of Stuart, that he is in error in assigning that -honour to the late Duke of Parma, and, as a consequence, to his infant son -and successor, Robert, now Duke of Parma. The late Duke was undoubtedly a -descendant of Charles I. through his mother; but his mother had an _elder_ -sister, Beatrice, late Duchess of Modena, whose son, Francis V., now Duke -of Modena, born 1st June, 1819, is the unquestionable heir to the House of -Stuart, and, as a Jacobite would say, if any such curiosity there be in -existence, legitimate King of Great Britain and Ireland. - -J. REYNELL WREFORD. - -Bristol. - - * * * * * - -PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE. - -_Mr. Townsend's Wax-paper Process._--At the last meeting of the -Photographic Society a paper was read by Mr. Townsend, giving the results -of a series of experiments instituted by him in reference to the wax-paper -process. One of the great objections hitherto made to this process has been -its slowness, as compared with the original calotype process, and its -various modifications; and another, that its preparation involved some -complexity of manipulation. Mr. Townsend has simplified the process -materially, having found that the use of the fluoride and cyanide of -potassium, as directed by Le Gray, in no way adds to the efficiency of the -process, either in accelerating or otherwise. The iodide and bromide of -potassium with free iodine give a paper which produces rapid, sure, and -clean results. He discards whey, sugar of milk, grape sugar, &c., hitherto -deemed essential, but which his experience shows to be unnecessary. He -exhibited three negatives of the same view taken consecutively at eight -o'clock in the morning, with the respective exposures of thirty seconds, -two and a half minutes, and ten minutes, each of which was good and -perfect. The formula he adopts is: - - Iodide of potassium 600 grs. - Bromide of potassium, from 150 to 250 " - Re-sublimed iodine 6 " - Distilled water 40 oz. - -The waxed papers are wholly immersed in this solution, and left to soak at -least two hours, and are then hung to dry in the usual way. The papers are -made sensitive by wholly immersing them in aceto-nitrate of silver of the -following proportions: - - Nitrate of silver 30 grs. - Acetic acid 30 minims. - Distilled water 1 oz. - -The papers remaining in this solution not less than eight minutes. They are -washed in two waters for eight minutes each, and then blotted off in the -ordinary manner. Mr. Townsend states that there is no need to fear leaving -the paper in the sensitive bath too long. He has left it in the bath -fourteen hours without any injury. The paper thus prepared will keep ten or -twelve days; it may be longer, but his experience does not extend beyond -that time. With paper thus prepared a portrait was exhibited, taken in -fifty-five seconds, in a room with a side light; but it must be added, that -in this instance the paper was not washed, but was blotted off immediately -on its leaving the sensitive bath, though not used until two hours had -elapsed. Mr. Townsend uses for developing a saturated solution of gallic -acid with a drachm of aceto-nitrate to every four ounces of it, but he -considers that this proportion of aceto-nitrate may be beneficially -lessened. He finds that by this process he is certain of success, and is -never troubled with that browning over of the paper which so often attends -the use of the other methods of preparation. Besides the rapidity of action -which he states, there is the farther advantage that a lengthened exposure -is not injurious. The proportion of bromide may vary from 150 grs. to 250 -grs.; less than 150 is not sufficient to produce a maximum of rapidity, -whilst more than 250 adds nothing to the effect. - -_Photographic Litigation._--Will you allow me, through the medium of "N. & -Q.," to suggest to those who {599} take an interest in the collodion -process, the desirableness of making a subscription to aid Mr. Henderson in -his defence against the proceedings commenced by Mr. Talbot, to restrain -him (and through him, no doubt, all others) from taking collodion -portraits.[11] - -It does not appear just that one person should bear the whole expense of a -defence in which so many are interested; and I have no doubt that if a -subscription be set on foot, many photographers will willingly contribute. -A subscription, besides its material aid to Mr. Henderson, would also serve -to show that public opinion is opposed to such absurd and unjust attempts -at monopoly. - -It is difficult to imagine how a claim can be established to a right in an -invention made many years subsequent to the date of the patent under which -the claim is made--not only made by another person, but differing so widely -in principle from the patent process. The advertisement in the _Athenaeum_ -of Saturday last (June 10) shows plainly that it is intended, if possible, -to prevent the production of portraits on collodion by any person not -licensed by Mr. Talbot; and the harshness of this proceeding, after the -process has been in public use for several years, needs no comment. - -H. C. SANDS. - -30. Spring Gardens, Bradford. - -[Footnote 11: The words of the advertisement are "making _and selling_."] - - [We insert this communication, because we believe it gives expression - to a sentiment shared by many. Subscriptions in favour of M. La Roche, - whose case stands first for trial, are received by Messrs. Horne and - Thornthwaite. Our correspondent does not, however, accurately represent - the caution issued by Mr. F. Talbot's solicitors, which is against - "making _and selling_" photographic portraits by the collodion process. - When giving up his patent to the public, Mr. Fox Talbot reserved "in - the hands of his own licensees the application of the invention to the - taking photographic portraits for sale," and we have always regretted - that Mr. F. Talbot should have made such reservation, founded, as it - is, upon a very questionable right.--ED. "N. & Q."] - - * * * * * - - -Replies to Minor Queries. - -_Vandyking_ (Vol. ix., p. 452.).--Your correspondent P. C. S. S. asks the -meaning of the term _Vandyking_, in the following passage of a letter from -Secretary Windebanke to the Lord Deputy Wentworth, dated Westminster, Nov. -20, 1633, the Lord Deputy being then in Ireland:-- - - "Now, my Lord, for my own observations of your carriage since you had - the conduct of affairs there [in Ireland], because you press me so - earnestly, I shall take the boldness to deliver myself as freely. - - "First, though while we had the happiness and honour to have your - assistance here at the Council Board, you made many ill faces with your - pen (pardon, I beseech your Lordship, the over free censure of your - Vandyking), and worse, oftentimes, with your speeches, especially in - the business of the Lord Falconberg, Sir Thomas Gore, Vermuyden, and - others; yet I understand you make worse there in Ireland, and there - never appeared a worse face under a cork upon a bottle, than your - Lordship hath caused some to make in disgorging such church livings as - their zeal had eaten up."--_Strafford's Letters_, vol. i. p. 161. - -This passage, as well as what follows, is written in a strain of banter, -and is intended to compliment the great Lord Deputy under the pretence of a -free censure of his conduct. The first part of the second paragraph -evidently alludes to Wentworth's habit of drawing faces upon paper when he -was sitting at the Council Table, and the word _Vandyking_ is used in the -sense of _portrait-painting_. Vandyck was born in 1599; he visited England -for a short time in 1620, and in 1632 he came to England permanently, was -lodged by the king, and knighted; in the following year he received a -pension of 200l. for life, and the title of painter to his Majesty. It was -therefore quite natural that Windebanke should, in November, 1633, use the -term _Vandyking_ as equivalent to _portrait-painting_. - -In the latter part of the same paragraph, the allusion is to the wry faces, -which the speeches of this imperious member of council sometimes caused. -Can any of your correspondents explain the expression, "a worse face under -a cork upon a bottle?" - -L. - -_Monteith_ (Vol. ix., p. 452.).--The Monteith was a kind of punch-bowl -(sometimes of delf ware) with scallops or indentations in the brim, the -object of which was to convert it into a convenient tray for bringing in -the glasses. These were of wine-glass shape, and being placed with the -brims downwards, and radiating from the centre, and with the handles -protruding through the indentations in the bowl, were easily carried, -without much jingling or risk of breakage. Of course the bowl was empty of -liquor at the time. - -P. P. - -_A. M. and M. A._ (Vol. ix., p. 475.).--JUVERNA, M. A., is certainly wrong -in stating that "Masters of Arts of Oxford are styled 'M. A.,' in -contradistinction to the Masters of Arts in every other university." A. B., -A. M., are the proper initials for _Baccalaureus_ and _Magister Artium_, -and should therefore only be used when the name is in Latin. B.A. and M.A. -are those for Bachelor and Master of Arts, and are the only ones to be used -where the name is expressed in English. Thus John Smith, had he taken his -first degree in Arts at any university, might indicate the fact by signing -John Smith, B.A., or Johannes S., A.B. If he put John Smith, A.B., a doubt -might exist whether he were not an _able-bodied_ seaman, for that is -implied by A.B. attached to an English name. The editor of Farindon's -_Sermons_, who is, I believe, a Dissenter, styles himself the Reverend T. -Jackson, S.T.P., _i. e._ Sacrosanctae Theologiae {600} Professor. He might -as well have part of his title in Sanscrit, as part in English and part in -Latin. - -I believe this mistake is made more frequently by graduates of Cambridge -than by those of Oxford. Indeed, they have now created a new degree, Master -of Laws, with the initials LL.M. (Legum Magister). But they are usually -infelicitous in their nomenclature, as witness their _voluntary_ -theological examination, now made _compulsory_ by all the bishops. - -E. G. R., M.A. - -Cambridge. - -_Greek denounced by the Monks_ (Vol. ix., p. 467).--In his _History of the -Reformation_ (b. I. ch. iii.), D'Aubigne says,-- - - "The monks asserted that all heresies arose from those two languages - [Greek and Hebrew], and particularly from the Greek. 'The New - Testament,' said one of them, 'is a book full of serpents and thorns. - Greek,' continued he, 'is a new and recently-invented language, and we - must be upon our guard against it. As for Hebrew, my dear brethren, it - is certain that all who learn it immediately become Jews.' Heresbach, a - friend of Erasmus and a respectable author, reports these expressions." - -Had there been more authority, probably D'Aubigne would have quoted it. - -B. H. C. - -In Lewis's _History of the English Translation of the Bible_, edit. London, -1818, pp. 54, 55., the following passage occurs: - - "These proceedings for the advancement of learning and knowledge, - especially in divine matters, alarmed the ignorant and illiterate - monks, insomuch that they declaimed from the pulpits, that 'there was - now a _new language_ discovered called Greek, of which people should - beware, since it was that which produced all the heresies; that in this - language was come forth a book called the _New Testament_, which was - now in everybody's hands, and was full of thorns and briers: that there - was also another language now started up which they called Hebrew, and - that they who learnt it were termed Hebrews.'" - -The authority quoted for this statement is Hody, _De Bibliorum Textibus_, -p. 465. - -See also the rebuke administered by Henry VIII. to a preacher who had -"launched forth against Greek and its new interpreters," in Erasmus, -_Epp._, p. 347., quoted in D'Aubigne's _Reformation_, book XVIII. 1. - -C. W. BINGHAM. - -_Caldecott's Translation of the New Testament_ (Vol. viii., p. 410.).--J. -M. Caldecott, the translator of the New Testament, referred to by your -correspondent S. A. S., is the son of the late ---- Caldecott, Esq., of -Rugby Lodge, and was educated at Rugby School, where I believe he obtained -one or more prizes as a first-class Greek and Hebrew scholar. After -completing his studies at this school, his father purchased for him a -commission in the East India Company's service; but soon after his arrival -in India, conceiving a dislike to the army, he sold his commission and -returned to England. Being somewhat singular in his notions, and altogether -eccentric both in manner and appearance, he estranged himself from his -family and friends, and, as I have been informed, took up his temporary -abode in this city about the year 1828. Although his income was at that -time little short of 300l. per annum, he had neither house nor servant of -his own; but boarded in the house of a respectable tradesman, living on the -plainest fare (so as he was wont to say), to enable him to give the more to -feed the hungry and clothe the naked. In this way, and by being frequently -imposed upon by worthless characters, he gave away, in a few years, nearly -all his property, leaving himself almost destitute: and, indeed, would have -been entirely so, but for a weekly allowance made to him by his mother -(sometime since deceased), on which he is at the present time living in -great obscurity in one of our large seaport towns; but may be occasionally -seen in the streets with a long beard, and a broad-brimmed hat, addressing -a group of idlers and half-naked children. I could furnish your -correspondent S. A. S. with more information if needful. - -T. J. - -Chester. - -_Blue Bells of Scotland_ (Vol. viii., p. 388. Vol. ix., p. 209.).--Surely -[W (black-letter)] of Philadelphia is right in supposing that the Blue Bell -of Scotland, in the ballad which goes by that name, is a bell painted blue, -and used as the sign of an inn, and not the flower so called, as asserted -by HENRY STEPHENS, unless indeed there be an older ballad than the one -commonly sung, which, as many of your readers must be aware, contains this -line,-- - - "He dwells in merry Scotland, - At the _sign_ of the Blue Bell." - -I remember to have heard that the popularity of this song dates from the -time when it was sung on the stage by Mrs. Jordan. - -Can any one inform me whether the air is ancient or modern? - -HONORE DE MAREVILLE. - -Guernsey. - -"_De male quaesitis gaudet non tertius haeres_" (Vol. ii., p. 167.).--The -quotation here wanted has hitherto been neglected. The words may be found, -with a slight variation, in _Bellochii Praxis Moralis Theologiae, de -casibus reservatis, &c._, Venetiis, 1627, 4to. As the work is not common, I -send the passage for insertion, which I know will be acceptable to other -correspondents as well as to the querist: - - "Divino judicio permittitur ut tales surreptores rerum sacrarum diu - ipsis rebus furtivis non laetentur, sed imo ab aliis nequioribus - furibus praefatae res illis {601} abripiantur, ut de se ipso fassus est - ille, qui in suis aedibus hoc distichon inscripsit, ut refert Jo. - Bonif., lib. de furt., s. contrectatio, num. 134. in fin.: - - 'Congeries lapidum variis constructa rapinis, - Aut uret, aut ruet, aut raptor alter habebit.' - - Et juxta illud: - - 'De rebus male acquisitis, non gaudebit tertius haeres.' - - Lazar (de monitorio), sect. 4. 9. 4., num. 16., imo nec secundus, ut - ingenue et perbelle fatetur in suo poemate, nostro idiomate Jerusalem - celeste acquistata, cant. x. num. 88. Pater Frater Augustinus Gallutius - de Mandulcho, ita canendo: - - 'D'un' acquisto sacrilego e immondo, - Gode di rado il successor secondo, - Pero che il primo e mal' accorto herede - Senza discretion li da di piedi.'" - -BIBLIOTHECAR. CHETHAM. - -_Mawkin_ (Vol. ix., pp. 303. 385.).--Is not _mawkin_ merely a corruption -for _mannikin_? I strongly suspect it to be so, though Forby, in his -_Vocabulary of East Anglia_, gives the word _maukin_ as if peculiar to -Norfolk and Suffolk, and derives it, like L., from _Mal_, for Moll or Mary. - -F. C. H. - -This word, in the Scottish dialect spelt _maukin_, means a hare. It occurs -in the following verse of Burns in _Tam Samson's Elegy_: - - "Rejoice, ye birring paitricks a'; - Ye cootie moorcocks, crousely craw; - Ye _maukins_, cock your fud fu' braw, - Withouten dread; - Your mortal fae is now awa', - Tam Samson's dead!" - -KENNEDY MCNAB. - -"_Putting a spoke in his wheel_" (Vol. viii., pp. 269. 351. 576.).--There -is no doubt that "putting a spoke in his wheel" is "offering an -obstruction." But I have always understood the "spoke" to be, not a radius -of the wheel, but a bar put between the spokes at right angles, so as to -prevent the turning of the wheel; a rude mode of "locking," which I have -often seen practised. The correctness of the metaphor is thus evident. - -WM. HAZEL. - -_Dog Latin_ (Vol. viii., p. 523.).--The return of a sheriff to a writ which -he had not been able to serve, owing to the defendant's secreting himself -in a swamp, will be new to English readers. It was "Non come-at-ibus in -swampo." - -Since the adoption of the Federal Constitution, the motto of the United -States has been "E pluribus unum." A country sign-painter in Bucks county, -Pennsylvania, painted "E pluribur unibus," instead of it on a sign. - -UNEDA. - -Philadelphia. - -_Swedish Words current in England_ (Vol. vii., pp. 231. 366.).--Very many -Swedish words are current in the north of England, _e. gr._ _barn_ or -_bearn_ (Scottice _bairn_), Sw. _barn_; _bleit_ or _blate_, bashful, Sw. -_bloed_; to _cleam_, to fasten, to spread thickly over, Sw. _klemma_; -_cod_, pillow, Sw. _kudde_; to _gly_, to squint, Sw. _glo_; to _lope_, to -leap, Sw. _loepa_; to _late_ (Cumberland), to seek, Sw. _leta_; _sackless_, -without crime, Sw. _sakloes_; _sark_, shirt, Sw. _saerk_; to _thole_ -(Derbyshire), to endure, Sw. _tala_; to _walt_, to totter, to overthrow, -Sw. _waelta_; to _warp_, to lay eggs, Sw. _waerpa_; _wogh_ (Lancashire), -wall, Sw. _waegg_, &c. It is a fact very little known, that the Swedish -language bears the closest resemblance of all modern languages to the -English as regards grammatical structure, not even the Danish excepted. - -SUECAS. - -_Mob_ (Vol. viii., p. 524.).--I have always understood that this word was -derived from the Latin expression _mobile vulgus_, which is, I believe, in -Virgil. - -UNEDA. - -Philadelphia. - -"_Days of my Youth_" (Vol. viii., p. 467.).--In answer to the inquiry made -a few months since, whether Judge St. George Tucker, of Virginia, was the -author of the lines beginning-- - - "Days of my youth." - -the undersigned states that he was a friend and relative of Judge Tucker, -and knows him to have been the author. They had a great run at the time, -and found their way not only into the newspapers, but even into the -almanacs of the day. - -G. T. - -Philadelphia. - -_Encore_ (Vol. viii., pp. 387. 524.).--A writer in an English magazine, a -few years ago, proposed that the Latin word _repetitus_ should be used -instead of _encore_. Among other advantages he suggested that the people in -the gallery of a theatre would pronounce it _repeat-it-us_, and thus make -English of it. - -UNEDA. - -Philadelphia. - -_Richard Plantagenet, Earl of Cambridge_ (Vol. ix., p. 493.).--Your -correspondent will find his question answered by referring to the _History -of the Royal Family_, 8vo., Lond., 1741, pp. 119. 156. For an account of -this book, which is founded upon the well-known Sandford's _Genealogical -History_, see Clarke's _Bibliotheca Legum_, edit. 1819, p. 174. - -T. E. T. - -Islington. - -_Right of redeeming Property_ (Vol. viii., p. 516.).--This right formerly -existed in Normandy, and, I believe, in other parts of France. In the -bailiwick of Guernsey, the laws of which are based on the ancient custom of -Normandy, the right is still exercised, although it has been abolished for -some years in the neighbouring island of Jersey. {602} - -The law only applies to real property, which, by the Norman custom, was -divided in certain proportions among all the children; and this right of -"retrait," as it is technically termed, was doubtless intended to -counteract in some measure the too minute division of land, and to preserve -inheritances in families. It must be exercised within a year of the -purchase. For farther information on the subject, Berry's _History of -Guernsey_, p. 176., may be consulted. - -HONORE DE MAREVILLE. - -Guernsey. - -_Latin Inscription on Lindsey Court-house_ (Vol. ix., pp. 492. 552.).--I -cannot but express my surprise at the learned (?) trifling of some of your -correspondents on the inscription upon Lindsey Court-house. Try it thus: - - "Fiat Justitia, - 1619, - Haec domus - _O_dit, amat, punit, conservat, honorat, - _N_equitiam, pacem, crimina, jura, bonos." - -which will make two lines, an hexameter and a pentameter, the first -letters, _O_ and _N_, having perhaps been effaced by time or accident. - -NEGLECTUS. - - [That this emendation is the right one is clear from the communication - of another correspondent, B. R. A. Y., who makes the same, and adds in - confirmation, "The following lines existed formerly (and do, perhaps, - now) on the Market-house at Much Wenlock, Shropshire, which will - explain their meaning: - - 'Hic locus - _O_dit, amat, punit, conservat, honorat, - _N_equitiam, pacem, crimina, jura, bonos.' - - The _O_ and _N_, being at the beginning of the lines as given by your - correspondent, were doubtless obliterated by age."] - -The restoration of this inscription proposed by me is erroneous, and must -be corrected from the perfect inscription as preserved at Pistoia and Much -Wenlock, cited by another correspondent in p. 552. The three inscriptions -are slightly varied. Perhaps "amat pacem" is better than "amat leges," on -account of the tautology with "conservat jura." - -L. - -_Myrtle Bee_ (Vol. ix., p. 205. &c.).--"I have carefully read and reread -the articles on the myrtle bee, and I can come to no other conclusion than -that it is not a bird at all, but an insect, one of the hawkmoths, and -probably the humming-bird hawkmoth. We have so many indefatigable genuine -_field naturalists_, picking up every straggler which is blown to our -coasts, that I cannot think it possible there is a bird at all common to -_any_ district of England, and yet totally unknown to science. Now, insects -are often exceedingly abundant in particular localities, yet scarcely known -beyond them. The _size_ C. BROWN describes as certainly not larger than -_half_ that of the common wren. The humming-bird (_H. M._) is scarcely so -large as this, but its vibratory motion would make it look somewhat larger -than it really is. Its breadth, from tip to tip of the wings, is twenty to -twenty-four lines. The myrtle bee's "short flight is rapid, steady, and -direct," exactly that of the hawkmoth. The tongue of the myrtle bee is -"round, sharp, and pointed at the end, appearing capable of penetration," -not a bad _popular_ description of the suctorial trunk of the hawkmoth, -from which it gains its generic name, _Macroglossa_. Its second pair of -wings are of a rusty yellow colour, which, when closed, would give it it -the appearance of being "tinged with yellow about the vent." It has also a -tuft of scaly hairs at the extremity of the abdomen, which would suggest -the idea of a tail. In fact, on the wing, it appears very like a little -bird, as attested by its common name. In habit it generally retires from -the mid-day sun, which would account for its being "put up" by the dogs. -The furze-chat, mentioned by C. BROWN, is the _Saxicola rubetra_, commonly -also called the whinchat. - -WM. HAZEL. - -_Mousehunt_ (Vol. ix., p. 65. &c.).--G. TENNYSON identifies the mousehunt -with the beechmartin, the _very largest_ of our _Mustelidae_, on the -authority of Henley "the dramatic commentator." Was he a naturalist too? I -never heard of him as such. - -Now, MR. W. R. D. SALMON, who first asked the question, speaks of it as -_less_ than the common weasel, and quotes Mr. Colquhoun's opinion, that it -is only "the young of the year." I have no doubt at all that this is -correct. The young of all the _Mustelidae_ hunt, and to a casual observer -exhibit all the actions of full-grown animals, when not more than half the -size of their parents. There seems no reason to suppose that there are more -than four species known in England, the weasel, the stoat or ermine, the -polecat, and the martin. The full-grown female of the weasel is much -smaller than the male. Go to any zealous gamekeeper's exhibition, and you -will see them of many gradations in size. - -WM. HAZEL. - -_Longfellow's "Hyperion"_ (Vol. ix., p. 495.).--I would offer the following -rather as a suggestion than as an answer to MORDAN GILLOTT. But it has -always appeared to me that Longfellow has himself explained, by a simple -allusion in the work, the _reason_ which dictated the name of his -_Hyperion_. As the ancients fabled Hyperion to be the offspring of the -heavens and the earth; so, in his aspirations, and his weakness and -sorrows, Flemming (the hero of the work) personifies, as it were, the -mingling of heaven and earth in the heart and {603} mind of a man of true -nobility. The passage to which I allude is the following: - - "Noble examples of a high purpose, and a fixed will! Do they not move, - Hyperion-like, on high? Were they not likewise sons of heaven and - earth?"--Book iv. ch. 1. - -SELEUCUS. - -_Benjamin Rush_ (Vol. ix., p. 451.).--INQUIRER asks "Why the freedom of -Edinburgh was conferred upon him?" I have looked into the Records of the -Town Council, and found the following entry: - - "4th March, 1767. The Council admit and receive Richard Stocktoun, - Esquire, of New Jersey, Councillour at Law, and Benjamin Rush, Esquire, - of Philadelphia, to be burgesses and gild brethren of this city, in the - most ample form." - -But there is no reason assigned. - -JAMES LAURIE, Conjoint Town Clerk. - -_Quakers executed in North America_ (Vol. ix., p. 305.).--A fuller account -of these nefarious proceedings is detailed in an abstract of the sufferings -of the people called Quakers, in 2 vols., 1733; vol. i. (Appendix) pp. -491-514., and in vol. iii. pp. 195-232. - -E. D. - - * * * * * - - -Notices to Correspondents. - -_For the purpose of inserting as many Replies as possible in this, the -closing Number of our_ NINTH VOLUME, _we have this week omitted our usual_ -NOTES ON BOOKS _and_ LISTS OF BOOKS WANTED TO PURCHASE. - -W. W. (Malta). _Received with many thanks._ - -R. H. (Oxford). _For_ Kentish Men _and_ Men of Kent, _see_ "N. & Q.," Vol. -v., pp. 321. 615. - -MR. LONG_'s easy Calotype Process reached us too late for insertion this -week. It shall appear in our next._ - -"NOTES AND QUERIES" _is published at noon on Friday, so that the Country -Booksellers may receive Copies in that night's parcels, and deliver them to -their Subscribers on the Saturday_. - -"NOTES AND QUERIES" _is also issued in_ Monthly Parts, _for the convenience -of those who may either have a difficulty in procuring the unstamped weekly -Numbers, or prefer receiving it monthly. While parties resident in the -country or abroad, who may be desirous of receiving the weekly Numbers, may -have_ stamped _copies forwarded direct from the Publisher. The subscription -for the stamped edition of_ "NOTES AND QUERIES" _(including a very copious -Index) is eleven shillings and fourpence for six months, which may be paid -by Post-Office Order, drawn in favour of the Publisher_, MR. GEORGE BELL, -No. 186. Fleet Street. - - * * * * * - - -DR. DE JONGH'S LIGHT BROWN COD LIVER OIL. Prepared for medicinal use in the -Loffoden Isles, Norway, and put to the test of chemical analysis. The most -effectual remedy for Consumption, Bronchitis, Asthma, Gout, Chronic -Rheumatism, and all Scrofulous Diseases. - -Approved of and recommended by BERZELIUS, LIEBIG, WOEHLER, JONATHAN -PEREIRA, FOUQUIER, and numerous other eminent medical men and scientific -chemists in Europe. - -Specially rewarded with medals by the Governments of Belgium and the -Netherlands. - -Has almost entirely superseded all other kinds on the Continent, in -consequence of its proved superior power and efficacy--effecting a cure -much more rapidly. - -Contains iodine, phosphate of chalk, volatile acid, and the elements of the -bile--in short, all its most active and essential principles--in larger -quantities than the pale oils made in England and Newfoundland, deprived -mainly of these by their mode of preparation. - -Sold Wholesale and Retail, in bottles, labelled with Dr. de Jongh's Stamp -and Signature, by - -ANSAR, HARFORD, & CO., 77. Strand, - - * * * * * - - -Sole Consignees and Agents for the United Kingdom and British Possessions; -and by all respectable Chemists and Vendors of Medicine in Town and -Country, at the following prices:-- - -Imperial Measure, Half-pints, 2s. 6d.; Pints, 4s. 9d. - -BENNETT'S MODEL WATCH, as shown at the GREAT EXHIBITION. No. 1. Class X., -in Gold and Silver Cases, in five qualities, and adapted to all Climates, -may now be had at the MANUFACTORY, 65. CHEAPSIDE. Superior Gold London-made -Patent Levers, 17, 15, and 12 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 4 -guineas. First-rate Geneva Levers, in Gold Cases, 12, 10, and 8 guineas. -Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 5 guineas. Superior Lever, with -Chronometer Balance, Gold, 27, 23, and 19 guineas. Bennett's Pocket -Chronometer, Gold, 50 guineas; Silver, 40 guineas. Every Watch skilfully -examine, timed, and its performance guaranteed. Barometers, 2l., 3l., and -4l. Thermometers from 1s. each. - -BENNET, Watch, Clock, and Instrument Maker to the Royal Observatory, the -Board of Ordnance, the Admiralty, and the Queen, - -65. CHEAPSIDE. - - * * * * * - - -Patronised by the Royal Family. - -TWO THOUSAND POUNDS for any person producing Articles superior to the -following: - -THE HAIR RESTORED AND GREYNESS PREVENTED. - -BEETHAM'S CAPILLARY FLUID is acknowledged to be the most effectual article -for Restoring the Hair in Baldness, strengthening when weak and fine, -effectually preventing falling or turning grey, and for restoring its -natural colour without the use of dye. The rich glossy appearance it -imparts is the admiration of every person. Thousands have experienced its -astonishing efficacy. Bottles 2s. 6d.; double size, 4s. 6d.; 7s. 6d. equal -to 4 small; 11s. to 6 small; 21s. to 13 small. The most perfect beautifier -ever invented. - -SUPERFLUOUS HAIR REMOVED. - -BEETHAM'S VEGETABLE EXTRACT does not cause pain or injury to the skin. Its -effect is unerring, and it is now patronised by royalty and hundreds of the -first families. Bottles, 5s. - -BEETHAM'S PLASTER is the only effectual remover of Corns and Bunions. It -also reduces enlarged Great Toe Joints in an astonishing manner. If space -allowed, the testimony of upwards of twelve thousand individuals, during -the last five years, might be inserted. Packets, 1s.; Boxes, 2s. 6d. Sent -Free by BEETHAM, Chemist, Cheltenham, for 14 or 36 Post Stamps. - - Sold by PRING, 30. Westmorland Street; JACKSON, 9. Westland Row; BEWLEY - & EVANS, Dublin; GOULDING, 108. Patrick Street, Cork; BARRY, 9. Main - Street, Kinsale; GRATTAN, Belfast; MURDOCK, BROTHERS, Glasgow; DUNCAN & - FLOCKHART, Edinburgh. SANGER, 150. Oxford Street; PROUT, 229. Strand; - KEATING, St. Paul's Churchyard; SAVORY & MOORE, Bond Street; HANNAY, - 63. Oxford Street; London. All Chemists and Perfumers will procure - them. - - * * * * * - - -ROSS & SONS' INSTANTANEOUS HAIR DYE, without Smell, the best and cheapest -extant.--ROSS & SONS have several private apartments devoted entirely to -Dyeing the Hair, and particularly request a visit, especially from the -incredulous, as they will undertake to dye a portion of their hair, without -charging, of any colour required, from the lightest brown to the darkest -black, to convince them of its effect. - -Sold in cases at 3s. 6d., 5s. 6d., 10s., 15s., and 20s. each case. Likewise -wholesale to the Trade by the pint, quart, or gallon. - -Address, ROSS & SONS, 119. and 120. Bishopsgate Street, Six Doors from -Cornhill, London. - - * * * * * - - -ALLEN'S ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE, containing Size, Price, and Description of -upwards of 100 articles, consisting of PORTMANTEAUS, TRAVELLING-BAGS, -Ladies' Portmanteaus, DESPATCH-BOXES, WRITING-DESKS, DRESSING-CASES, and -other travelling requisites, Gratis on application, or sent free by Post on -receipt of Two Stamps. - -MESSRS. ALLEN'S registered Despatch-box and Writing-desk, their -Travelling-bag with the opening as large as the bag, and the new -Portmanteau containing four compartments, are undoubtedly the best articles -of the kind ever produced. - -J. W. & T. ALLEN, 18. & 22. West Strand. - - * * * * * - - -ONE THOUSAND BEDSTEADS TO CHOOSE FROM.--HEAL & SON'S Stock comprises -handsomely Japanned and Brass-mounted Iron Bedsteads, Children's Cribs and -Cots of new and elegant designs, Mahogany, Birch, and Walnut-tree -Bedsteads, of the soundest and best Manufacture, many of them fitted with -Furnitures, complete. A large Assortment of Servants' and Portable -Bedsteads. They have also every variety of Furniture for the complete -furnishing of a Bed Room. - -HEAL & SON'S ILLUSTRATED AND PRICED CATALOGUE OF BEDSTEADS AND BEDDING, -sent Free by Post. - -HEAL & SON, 196. Tottenham Court Road. - - * * * * * - - -{604} - -PHOTOGRAPHIC APPARATUS, MATERIALS, and PURE CHEMICAL PREPARATIONS. - -KNIGHT & SONS' Illustrated Catalogue, containing Description and Price of -the best forms of Cameras and other Apparatus. Voightlander and Son's -Lenses for Portraits and Views, together with the various Materials, and -pure Chemical Preparations required in practising the Photographic Art. -Forwarded free on receipt of Six Postage Stamps. - -Instructions given in every branch of the Art. - -An extensive Collection of Stereoscopic and other Photographic Specimens. - -GEORGE KNIGHT & SONS, Foster Lane, London. - - * * * * * - - -PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION. - -THE EXHIBITION OF PHOTOGRAPHS, by the most eminent English and Continental -Artists, is OPEN DAILY from Ten till Five. Free Admission. - - L s. d. - A Portrait by Mr. Talbot's Patent - Process 1 1 0 - Additional Copies (each) 0 5 0 - A Coloured Portrait, highly finished - (small size) 3 3 0 - A Coloured Portrait, highly finished - (larger size) 5 5 0 - -Miniatures, Oil Paintings, Water-Colour, and Chalk Drawings, Photographed -and Coloured in imitation of the Originals. Views of Country Mansions, -Churches, &c., taken at a short notice. - -Cameras, Lenses, and all the necessary Photographic Apparatus and -Chemicals, are supplied, tested, and guaranteed. - -Gratuitous Instruction is given to Purchasers of Sets of Apparatus. - - PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION, - 168. New Bond Street. - - * * * * * - - -THE LONDON SCHOOL OF PHOTOGRAPHY, 78. Newgate Street.--At this Institution, -Ladies and Gentlemen may learn in One Hour to take Portraits and -Landscapes, and purchase the necessary Apparatus for Five Pounds. No charge -is made for the Instruction. - - * * * * * - - -IMPROVEMENT IN COLLODION.--J. B. HOCKIN & CO., Chemists, 289. Strand, have, -by an improved mode of Iodizing, succeeded in producing a Collodion equal, -they may say superior, in sensitiveness and density of Negative, to any -other hitherto published; without diminishing the keeping properties and -appreciation of half-tint for which their manufacture has been esteemed. - -Apparatus, pure Chemicals, and all the requirements for the practice of -Photography. Instruction in the Art. - -THE COLLODION AND POSITIVE PAPER PROCESS. By J. B. HOCKIN. Price 1s., per -Post, 1s. 2d. - - * * * * * - - -WHOLESALE PHOTOGRAPHIC DEPOT: DANIEL McMILLAN, 132. Fleet Street, London. -The Cheapest House in Town for every Description of Photographic Apparatus, -Materials, and Chemicals. - -*** Price List Free on Application. - - * * * * * - - -COCOA-NUT FIBRE MATTING and MATS, of the best quality.--The Jury of Class -28, Great Exhibition, awarded the Prize Medal to T. TRELOAR, Cocoa-Nut -Fibre Manufacturer, 42. Ludgate Hill, London. - - * * * * * - - -COLLODION PORTRAITS AND VIEWS obtained with the greatest ease and certainty -by using BLAND & LONG'S preparation of Soluble Cotton; certainty and -uniformity of action over a lengthened period, combined with the most -faithful rendering of the half-tones, constitute this a most valuable agent -in the hands of the photographer. - -Albumenized paper, for printing from glass or paper negatives, giving a -minuteness of detail unattained by any other method, 5s. per Quire. - -Waxed and Iodized Papers of tried quality. - -Instruction in the Processes. - -BLAND & LONG, Opticians and Photographical Instrument Makers, and Operative -Chemists, 153. Fleet Street. London. - -*** Catalogues sent on application. - - * * * * * - - -THE SIGHT preserved by the Use of SPECTACLES adapted to suit every variety -of Vision by means of SMEE'S OPTOMETER, which effectually prevents Injury -to the Eyes from the Selection of Improper Glasses, and is extensively -employed by - -BLAND & LONG, Opticians, 153. Fleet Street, London. - - * * * * * - - -PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS. - -OTTEWILL AND MORGAN'S - -Manufactory, 24. & 25. Charlotte Terrace, Caledonian Road, Islington. - -OTTEWILL'S Registered Double Body Folding Camera, adapted for Landscapes or -Portraits, may be had of A. ROSS, Featherstone Buildings, Holborn; the -Photographic Institution, Bond Street; and at the Manufactory as above, -where every description of Cameras, Slides, and Tripods may be had. The The -Trade supplied. - - * * * * * - - -PHOTOGRAPHY.--HORNE & CO.'S Iodized Collodion, for obtaining Instantaneous -Views, and Portraits in from three to thirty seconds, according to light. - -Portraits obtained by the above, for delicacy of detail rival the choicest -Daguerreotypes, specimens of which may be seen at their Establishment. - -Also every description of Apparatus, Chemicals, &c. &c. used in this -beautiful Art.--123. and 121. Newgate Street. - - * * * * * - - -PIANOFORTES, 25 Guineas each.--D'ALMAINE & CO., 20. Soho Square -(established A.D. 1785), sole manufacturers of the ROYAL PIANOFORTES, at 25 -Guineas each. Every instrument warranted. The peculiar advantages of these -pianofortes are best described in the following professional testimonial, -signed by the majority of the leading musicians of the age:--"We, the -undersigned members of the musical profession, having carefully examined -the Royal Pianofortes manufactured by MESSRS. D'ALMAINE & CO., have great -pleasure in bearing testimony to their merits and capabilities. It appears -to us impossible to produce instruments of the same size possessing a -richer and finer tone, more elastic touch, or more equal temperament, while -the elegance of their construction renders them a handsome ornament for the -library, boudoir, or drawing-room. (Signed) J. L. Abel, F. Benedict, H. R. -Bishop, J. Blewitt, J. Brizzi, T. P. Chipp, P. Delavanti, C. H. Dolby, E. -F. Fitzwilliam, W. Forde, Stephen Glover, Henri Herz, E. Harrison, H. F. -Hasse, J. L. Hatton, Catherine Hayes, W. H. Holmes, W. Kuhe, G. F. -Kiallmark, E. Land, G. Lanza, Alexander Lee. A. Leffler, E. J. Loder, W. H. -Montgomery, S. Nelson, G. A. Osborne, John Parry, H. Panofka, Henry -Phillips, F. Praegar, E. F. Rimbault, Frank Romer, G. H. Rodwell, E. -Rockel, Sims Reeves, J. Templeton, F. Weber, H. Westrop, T. E. Wright", &c. - -D'ALMAINE & CO., 20. Soho Square. Lists and Designs Gratis. - - * * * * * - - -WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE AND ANNUITY SOCIETY. - -3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON. - -Founded A.D. 1842. - - _Directors._ - - H. E. Bicknell, Esq. | T. Grissell, Esq. - T. S. Cocks, Jun. Esq., M.P. | J. Hunt, Esq. - G. H. Drew, Esq. | J. A. Lethbridge, Esq. - W. Evans, Esq. | E. Lucas, Esq. - W. Freeman, Esq. | J. Lys Seager, Esq. - F. Fuller, Esq. | J. B. White, Esq. - J. H. Goodhart, Esq. | J. Carter Wood, Esq. - - _Trustees._--W. Whateley, Esq., Q.C.; George Drew, Esq., - T. Grissell, Esq. - _Physician._--William Rich. Basham, M.D. - _Bankers._--Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross. - -VALUABLE PRIVILEGE. - -POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary -difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application to -suspend the payment at interest, according to the conditions detailed in -the Prospectus. - -Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100l., with a Share in -three-fourths of the Profits:-- - - Age L s. d. | Age L s. d. - 17 1 14 4 | 32 2 10 8 - 22 1 18 8 | 37 2 18 6 - 27 2 4 5 | 42 3 8 2 - -ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary. - -Now ready, price 10s. 6d., Second Edition, with material additions, -INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION: being a TREATISE ON BENEFIT BUILDING -SOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of Land Investment, exemplified in -the Cases of Freehold Land Societies, Building Companies, &c. With a -Mathematical Appendix on Compound Interest and Life Assurance. By ARTHUR -SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life Assurance Society, 3. -Parliament Street, London. - - * * * * * - - -ALLSOPP'S PALE or BITTER ALE.--MESSRS. S. ALLSOPP & SONS beg to inform the -TRADE that they are now registering Orders for the March Brewings of their -PALE ALE in Casks of 18 Gallons and upwards, at the BREWERY, -Burton-on-Trent; and at the under-mentioned Branch Establishments: - - LONDON, at 61. King William Street, City. - LIVERPOOL, at Cook Street. - MANCHESTER, at Ducie Place. - DUDLEY, at the Burnt Tree. - GLASGOW, at 115. St. Vincent Street. - DUBLIN, at 1. Crampton Quay. - BIRMINGHAM, at Market Hall. - SOUTH WALES, at 13. King Street, Bristol. - -MESSRS. ALLSOPP & SONS take the opportunity of announcing to PRIVATE -FAMILIES that their ALES, so strongly recommended by the Medical -Profession, may be procured in DRAUGHT and BOTTLES GENUINE from all the -most RESPECTABLE LICENSED VICTUALLERS, on "ALLSOPP'S PALE ALE" being -specially asked for. - -When in bottle, the genuineness of the label can be ascertained by its -having "ALLSOPP & SONS" written across it. - - * * * * * - - -CHUBB'S LOCKS, with all the recent improvements. Strong fire-proof safes, -cash and deed boxes. Complete lists of sizes and prices may be had on -application. - -CHUBB & SON, 57. St. Paul's Churchyard, London; 28. Lord Street, Liverpool; -16. Market Street, Manchester; and Horseley Fields, Wolverhampton. - - * * * * * - - -Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 10. Stonefield Street, in the Parish -of St. Mary, Islington, at No. 5. New Street Square, in the Parish of St. -Bride, in the City of London; and published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. -Fleet Street, in the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of -London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.--Saturday, June 24. -1854. - - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 243, June -24, 1854, by Various - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES *** - -***** This file should be named 42821.txt or 42821.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/4/2/8/2/42821/ - -Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins -and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at -http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images -generously made available by The Internet Archive/Canadian -Libraries) - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed. - -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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