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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Taxonomic Notes on Mexican Bats of the
+Genus Rhogeessa, by E. Raymond Hall
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Taxonomic Notes on Mexican Bats of the Genus Rhogeessa
+
+Author: E. Raymond Hall
+
+Release Date: January 28, 2010 [EBook #31109]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: UTF-8
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MEXICAN BATS ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Chris Curnow, Joseph R. Hauser, Joseph Cooper
+and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
+http://www.pgdp.net
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Taxonomic Notes on Mexican Bats of the
+Genus Rhogeëssa
+
+BY
+
+E. RAYMOND HALL
+
+
+
+
+University of Kansas Publications
+Museum of Natural History
+
+Volume 5, No. 15, pp. 227-232
+April 10, 1952
+
+
+
+
+University of Kansas
+LAWRENCE
+1952
+
+
+
+
+UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS PUBLICATIONS, MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY
+
+Editors: E. Raymond Hall, Chairman, A. Byron Leonard,
+Edward H. Taylor, Robert W. Wilson
+
+Volume 5, No. 15, pp. 227-232
+April 10, 1952
+
+
+
+
+UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS
+Lawrence, Kansas
+
+
+
+
+PRINTED BY
+FERD VOILAND, JR., STATE PRINTER
+TOPEKA, KANSAS
+1952
+
+24-1780
+
+
+
+
+TAXONOMIC NOTES ON MEXICAN BATS OF THE GENUS RHOGEËSSA
+
+BY
+
+E. RAYMOND HALL
+
+
+Five skins with skulls of _Rhogeëssa_, collected by J. R. Alcorn in the
+states of Sonora and Nayarit of western Mexico, were recently received
+at the Museum of Natural History of the University of Kansas. Two other
+specimens of the same genus, collected by Walter W. Dalquest in the
+state of Veracruz of eastern Mexico, also are in the Museum of Natural
+History. With the aim of applying names to these bats they were compared
+with materials in the United States National Museum (including the
+Biological Surveys collection) where there are approximately the same
+number of Mexican specimens of _Rhogeëssa_ as are in the Museum of
+Natural History.
+
+The three kinds of _Rhogeëssa_ named from Mexico are as follows: _R.
+parvula_ from the Tres Marias Islands off the west coast of Nayarit; _R.
+tumida_ from Mirador, Veracruz, on the eastern slope of the Republic;
+and _R. gracilis_ from Piaxtla, Puebla, on the southern end of the
+Mexican Plateau.
+
+Of _Rhogeëssa gracilis_ Miller (N. Amer. Fauna, 13:126, October 16,
+1897) only three specimens are known; two are from Piaxtla, Puebla, and
+the third is from the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. Only the specimen from the
+Isthmus has a complete skull. The broken skull of the holotype is partly
+separated from the skin of the head and in such a manner as to reveal
+the teeth. The skull of the holotype seems to be broader (relative to
+its length) across the mastoids and posterior parts of the zygomata than
+in _R. tumida_ or than in _R. parvula_. My comparisons indicate that
+_Rhogeëssa gracilis_ has larger (longer and wider) ears than _R.
+parvula_ and _R. tumida_ and that it is specifically distinct from the
+two last mentioned kinds.
+
+The two other nominal species from Mexico, _R. parvula_ and _R. tumida_,
+were named and described by Harrison Allen (Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
+Philadelphia, 1866: 285 and 286, respectively) on the basis of three
+specimens in the United States National Museum. Two were from the Tres
+Marias Islands and were the basis of the name _R. parvula_; the third
+was from Mirador, Veracruz, and was the basis of the name _R. tumida_.
+These specimens seem to have been preserved in alcohol. I have examined
+the skulls of two of these. One (U.S.N.M., new number 37329, old number
+7842) is alleged to be the paratype of _R. parvula_ and the other
+(U.S.N.M., 84021) is alleged to be the holotype of _R. tumida_. In the
+glass vial containing skull No. 84021, there is a label in the
+handwriting of Gerrit S. Miller, Jr., bearing the following information:
+"In the orig. descr. the number of this sp. is said to be 8195. This is
+an error. Specimen catalogued 3.1.98 G.S.M. Jr." On the back of a second
+label in the skull vial there is written, "There is no doubt that this
+is the type skull. It was returned by H. A. with no. given in orig.
+descr. G.S.M. Jr." In the catalogue of the U. S. National Museum there
+is the statement that the type of _Rhogeëssa tumida_ was collected by H.
+A. Grayson.
+
+The name _Rhogeëssa parvula_ was based on two specimens (Smithsonian
+Institution Nos. 7841 the type and 7842, in alcohol, collected by Col.
+Grayson in the Tres Marias Islands off the west coast of Mexico.) The
+type seems never to have been returned from the Academy of Sciences of
+Philadelphia to the U. S. National Museum in Washington, D. C., and
+cannot (in 1951) be found in Philadelphia or anywhere else. The skull,
+but no other part, of the second specimen is in the United States
+National Museum under the catalogue number 37329 (old No. 7842). The
+skull has been broken in two through the interorbital region but is
+glued together.
+
+Of _R. tumida_, no additional specimen has been saved, so far as I know,
+from the type locality, Mirador, Veracruz.
+
+Of _R. parvula_, Nelson and Goldman, on May 19, 1897, on María Madre
+Island, saved in alcohol an additional specimen (92413 U.S.N.M.) from
+which J. Biggs, Preparator at the National Museum, in 1951, removed and
+cleaned the skull. In small size and in all other features, the skull of
+92413 closely resembles those of specimens saved by Alcorn from the
+adjoining mainland of Mexico in Sonora and Nayarit. The pelage of the
+upper parts of 92413 could be described as "of a light greyish-brown at
+basal third, fawn-chestnut-brown at apical two-thirds" which are the
+words that H. Allen (_op. cit._: 285) used to describe the pelage of his
+_R. parvula_. The external measurements of 92413 are: total length, 60;
+length of tail, 25; length of hind foot, 5.5; and ear from notch, 11.0.
+The first two measurements are slightly smaller than the corresponding
+measurements of any other specimen seen. Nevertheless, the measurements
+(tail, 30.5; hind foot, 5.3 [after H. Allen, orig. descr.]) of the
+holotype of _R. parvula_, also from the Tres Marias Islands, show that
+it was as large as no. 39724 from the adjoining mainland (see table 1).
+
+According to the original descriptions, _R. parvula_ and _R. tumida_
+differ in size, _R. parvula_ being the smaller. As may be seen from
+table 1, the alleged type of _R. tumida_ and the alleged paratype of _R.
+parvula_ indicate the opposite! All specimens obtained since the time of
+the original descriptions, as may be seen by inspecting table 1, support
+the correctness of the original descriptions. Therefore, and also
+because of the other information presented above, I am inclined to the
+opinion that the holotype of _R. tumida_ and the paratype of _R.
+parvula_ have been switched; each now is associated with the name and
+data, at least for locality, of the other.
+
+Other opinions are that _Rhogeëssa_ from the Tres Marias Islands average
+smaller than _Rhogeëssa_ of the adjoining mainland of western Mexico but
+not enough smaller to warrant subspecific separation of the two.
+Specimens from places geographically intermediate between the geographic
+ranges, as now known, of _R. parvula_ and _R. tumida_ probably will
+reveal intergradation between the two kinds, which, therefore, should
+stand as subspecies of a single species.
+
+As understood now, the Mexican _Rhogeëssa_ are as follows:
+
+     =Rhogeëssa parvula parvula= H. Allen
+
+     1866. _Rhogeëssa parvula_ H. Allen, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
+     Philadelphia, p. 285, type from Tres Marias Islands.
+
+     _Range._--Tres Marias Islands and western mainland of Mexico from
+     Alamos, Sonora, south to San Blas, Nayarit.
+
+     =Rhogeëssa parvula tumida= H. Allen.
+
+     1866. _Rhogeëssa tumida_ H. Allen, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
+     Philadelphia, p. 286, type from Mirador, Veracruz.
+
+     _Range._--From Boca del Río, Veracruz, in eastern México, southward
+     over México and Central America into Panamá.
+
+     =Rhogeëssa gracilis= Miller.
+
+     1897. _Rhogeëssa gracilis_ Miller, N. Amer. Fauna, 13:126, October
+     16, 1897, type from Piaxtla, Puebla.
+
+     _Range._--Known only from the type locality and the Isthmus of
+     Tehuantepec.
+
+_Transmitted November 30, 1951._
+
+
+TABLE 1.--MEASUREMENTS OF RHOGEËSSA FROM MEXICO
+
+TABLE LEGEND
+
+Column FO: Forearm
+Column GR: Greatest length of skull including teeth
+Column CO: Condylobasal length (not including teeth)
+Column LE: Length of upper tooth-row, C1-M3
+Column ZY: Zygomatic breadth
+Column MA: Mastoid breadth
+Column BR: Breadth across upper molars
+
+======+===+========+===================+====+=====+====+=====+====+====+=====
+  No. |Sex|  Date  |     Locality      | FO | GR  | CO | LE  | ZY | MA | BR
+------|---+--------+-------------------+----+-----+----+-----+----+----+-----
+  [A] |   |        |_Rhogeëssa parvula |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   |        |  parvula_         |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   |        |                   |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+ 92413| ? |May 19, |Maria Madre        |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   | 1897   |  Island           |26.0|11.25|10.5| 4.1 |....|6.1 | 4.7
+  7841| ? |....... |lost specimen—     |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   |        |  Tres Marias Ids. |27.4|.... |....|.... |....|....|....
+ 84021|...|....... |alleged type of    |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   |        |  _R. tumida_      |....|11.8 |10.9| 4.3 |....|6.2 | 4.9
+ 24853|[F]|May 7,  |W side             |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   | 1948   |  Alamos, Sonora   |29.5|11.7 |10.8| 4.2 |7.8 |6.5 | 4.8
+ 24854|[F]|May 7,  |W side             |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   | 1948   |  Alamos, Sonora   |29.0|11.4 |10.6| 4.4 |7.6 |6.1 | 4.9
+ 39723|[M]|Aug. 5, |1/2 mi. E San      |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   | 1950   |  Blas, Nayarit    |27.2|12.2 |11.5| 4.5 |7.9 |6.5 | 5.1
+ 39724|[M]|Aug. 5, |1/2 mi. E San      |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   | 1950   |  Blas, Nayarit    |27.3|11.7 |10.7| 4.2 |7.4 |6.4 | 4.8
+ 39725|[F]|Aug. 7, |1/2 mi. E San      |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   | 1950   |  Blas, Nayarit    |28.0|12.0 |10.9| 4.4 |....|6.9 | 5.1
+      |   |        |                   |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   |        |_Rhogeëssa parvula |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   |        |  tumida_          |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   |        |                   |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+ 29886|[M]|Dec. 8, |Boca Del Rio,      |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   | 1948   |  10 ft., Veracruz |28.7|12.7 |11.9| 4.63|8.4 |6.9 | 5.6
+ 19231|[F]|Oct. 6, |Rio Blanco, 20 km. |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   | 1946   |  W Piedras Negras,|    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   |        |    Veracruz       |30.5|13.2 |12.4| 4.8 |....|7.0 | 5.6
+ 37329| ? |        |alleged paratype   |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   |        |  of _R. parvula_  |....|12.3 |11.3| 4.68|....|6.5 | 5.4
+ 73269|[F]|Jun. 12,|Santo Domingo,     |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   | 1895   |  Oaxaca           |32.6|13.5 |12.5| 5.0 |8.5 |6.9 | 5.65
+170858|[M]|Oct. 7, |La Tuxpana,        |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   | 1910   |  Champoton,       |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   |        |    Campeche       |26.7|12.4 |11.3| 4.5 |7.6 |6.5 | 4.9
+------+---+--------+-------------------+----+-----+----+-----+----+----+-----
+
+
+[A] The first three specimens and the last three are in the
+United States National Museum; the others are in the University of
+Kansas Museum of Natural History.
+
+
++----------------------------------------+
+|Transcriber's Notes:                    |
+|                                        |
+|Left inconsistent usage of accents      |
+|                                        |
+|Page 229: Changed Ishtmus to Isthmus    |
+|                                        |
+|Footnote A: Changed Natoinal to National|
++----------------------------------------+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Taxonomic Notes on Mexican Bats of the
+Genus Rhogeessa, by E. Raymond Hall
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MEXICAN BATS ***
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diff --git a/31109-0.zip b/31109-0.zip
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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Taxonomic Notes on Mexican Bats of the
+Genus Rhogeessa, by E. Raymond Hall
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Taxonomic Notes on Mexican Bats of the Genus Rhogeessa
+
+Author: E. Raymond Hall
+
+Release Date: January 28, 2010 [EBook #31109]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MEXICAN BATS ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Chris Curnow, Joseph R. Hauser, Joseph Cooper
+and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
+http://www.pgdp.net
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Taxonomic Notes on Mexican Bats of the
+Genus Rhogeëssa
+
+BY
+
+E. RAYMOND HALL
+
+
+
+
+University of Kansas Publications
+Museum of Natural History
+
+Volume 5, No. 15, pp. 227-232
+April 10, 1952
+
+
+
+
+University of Kansas
+LAWRENCE
+1952
+
+
+
+
+UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS PUBLICATIONS, MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY
+
+Editors: E. Raymond Hall, Chairman, A. Byron Leonard,
+Edward H. Taylor, Robert W. Wilson
+
+Volume 5, No. 15, pp. 227-232
+April 10, 1952
+
+
+
+
+UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS
+Lawrence, Kansas
+
+
+
+
+PRINTED BY
+FERD VOILAND, JR., STATE PRINTER
+TOPEKA, KANSAS
+1952
+
+24-1780
+
+
+
+
+TAXONOMIC NOTES ON MEXICAN BATS OF THE GENUS RHOGEËSSA
+
+BY
+
+E. RAYMOND HALL
+
+
+Five skins with skulls of _Rhogeëssa_, collected by J. R. Alcorn in the
+states of Sonora and Nayarit of western Mexico, were recently received
+at the Museum of Natural History of the University of Kansas. Two other
+specimens of the same genus, collected by Walter W. Dalquest in the
+state of Veracruz of eastern Mexico, also are in the Museum of Natural
+History. With the aim of applying names to these bats they were compared
+with materials in the United States National Museum (including the
+Biological Surveys collection) where there are approximately the same
+number of Mexican specimens of _Rhogeëssa_ as are in the Museum of
+Natural History.
+
+The three kinds of _Rhogeëssa_ named from Mexico are as follows: _R.
+parvula_ from the Tres Marias Islands off the west coast of Nayarit; _R.
+tumida_ from Mirador, Veracruz, on the eastern slope of the Republic;
+and _R. gracilis_ from Piaxtla, Puebla, on the southern end of the
+Mexican Plateau.
+
+Of _Rhogeëssa gracilis_ Miller (N. Amer. Fauna, 13:126, October 16,
+1897) only three specimens are known; two are from Piaxtla, Puebla, and
+the third is from the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. Only the specimen from the
+Isthmus has a complete skull. The broken skull of the holotype is partly
+separated from the skin of the head and in such a manner as to reveal
+the teeth. The skull of the holotype seems to be broader (relative to
+its length) across the mastoids and posterior parts of the zygomata than
+in _R. tumida_ or than in _R. parvula_. My comparisons indicate that
+_Rhogeëssa gracilis_ has larger (longer and wider) ears than _R.
+parvula_ and _R. tumida_ and that it is specifically distinct from the
+two last mentioned kinds.
+
+The two other nominal species from Mexico, _R. parvula_ and _R. tumida_,
+were named and described by Harrison Allen (Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
+Philadelphia, 1866: 285 and 286, respectively) on the basis of three
+specimens in the United States National Museum. Two were from the Tres
+Marias Islands and were the basis of the name _R. parvula_; the third
+was from Mirador, Veracruz, and was the basis of the name _R. tumida_.
+These specimens seem to have been preserved in alcohol. I have examined
+the skulls of two of these. One (U.S.N.M., new number 37329, old number
+7842) is alleged to be the paratype of _R. parvula_ and the other
+(U.S.N.M., 84021) is alleged to be the holotype of _R. tumida_. In the
+glass vial containing skull No. 84021, there is a label in the
+handwriting of Gerrit S. Miller, Jr., bearing the following information:
+"In the orig. descr. the number of this sp. is said to be 8195. This is
+an error. Specimen catalogued 3.1.98 G.S.M. Jr." On the back of a second
+label in the skull vial there is written, "There is no doubt that this
+is the type skull. It was returned by H. A. with no. given in orig.
+descr. G.S.M. Jr." In the catalogue of the U. S. National Museum there
+is the statement that the type of _Rhogeëssa tumida_ was collected by H.
+A. Grayson.
+
+The name _Rhogeëssa parvula_ was based on two specimens (Smithsonian
+Institution Nos. 7841 the type and 7842, in alcohol, collected by Col.
+Grayson in the Tres Marias Islands off the west coast of Mexico.) The
+type seems never to have been returned from the Academy of Sciences of
+Philadelphia to the U. S. National Museum in Washington, D. C., and
+cannot (in 1951) be found in Philadelphia or anywhere else. The skull,
+but no other part, of the second specimen is in the United States
+National Museum under the catalogue number 37329 (old No. 7842). The
+skull has been broken in two through the interorbital region but is
+glued together.
+
+Of _R. tumida_, no additional specimen has been saved, so far as I know,
+from the type locality, Mirador, Veracruz.
+
+Of _R. parvula_, Nelson and Goldman, on May 19, 1897, on María Madre
+Island, saved in alcohol an additional specimen (92413 U.S.N.M.) from
+which J. Biggs, Preparator at the National Museum, in 1951, removed and
+cleaned the skull. In small size and in all other features, the skull of
+92413 closely resembles those of specimens saved by Alcorn from the
+adjoining mainland of Mexico in Sonora and Nayarit. The pelage of the
+upper parts of 92413 could be described as "of a light greyish-brown at
+basal third, fawn-chestnut-brown at apical two-thirds" which are the
+words that H. Allen (_op. cit._: 285) used to describe the pelage of his
+_R. parvula_. The external measurements of 92413 are: total length, 60;
+length of tail, 25; length of hind foot, 5.5; and ear from notch, 11.0.
+The first two measurements are slightly smaller than the corresponding
+measurements of any other specimen seen. Nevertheless, the measurements
+(tail, 30.5; hind foot, 5.3 [after H. Allen, orig. descr.]) of the
+holotype of _R. parvula_, also from the Tres Marias Islands, show that
+it was as large as no. 39724 from the adjoining mainland (see table 1).
+
+According to the original descriptions, _R. parvula_ and _R. tumida_
+differ in size, _R. parvula_ being the smaller. As may be seen from
+table 1, the alleged type of _R. tumida_ and the alleged paratype of _R.
+parvula_ indicate the opposite! All specimens obtained since the time of
+the original descriptions, as may be seen by inspecting table 1, support
+the correctness of the original descriptions. Therefore, and also
+because of the other information presented above, I am inclined to the
+opinion that the holotype of _R. tumida_ and the paratype of _R.
+parvula_ have been switched; each now is associated with the name and
+data, at least for locality, of the other.
+
+Other opinions are that _Rhogeëssa_ from the Tres Marias Islands average
+smaller than _Rhogeëssa_ of the adjoining mainland of western Mexico but
+not enough smaller to warrant subspecific separation of the two.
+Specimens from places geographically intermediate between the geographic
+ranges, as now known, of _R. parvula_ and _R. tumida_ probably will
+reveal intergradation between the two kinds, which, therefore, should
+stand as subspecies of a single species.
+
+As understood now, the Mexican _Rhogeëssa_ are as follows:
+
+     =Rhogeëssa parvula parvula= H. Allen
+
+     1866. _Rhogeëssa parvula_ H. Allen, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
+     Philadelphia, p. 285, type from Tres Marias Islands.
+
+     _Range._--Tres Marias Islands and western mainland of Mexico from
+     Alamos, Sonora, south to San Blas, Nayarit.
+
+     =Rhogeëssa parvula tumida= H. Allen.
+
+     1866. _Rhogeëssa tumida_ H. Allen, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
+     Philadelphia, p. 286, type from Mirador, Veracruz.
+
+     _Range._--From Boca del Río, Veracruz, in eastern México, southward
+     over México and Central America into Panamá.
+
+     =Rhogeëssa gracilis= Miller.
+
+     1897. _Rhogeëssa gracilis_ Miller, N. Amer. Fauna, 13:126, October
+     16, 1897, type from Piaxtla, Puebla.
+
+     _Range._--Known only from the type locality and the Isthmus of
+     Tehuantepec.
+
+_Transmitted November 30, 1951._
+
+
+TABLE 1.--MEASUREMENTS OF RHOGEËSSA FROM MEXICO
+
+TABLE LEGEND
+
+Column FO: Forearm
+Column GR: Greatest length of skull including teeth
+Column CO: Condylobasal length (not including teeth)
+Column LE: Length of upper tooth-row, C1-M3
+Column ZY: Zygomatic breadth
+Column MA: Mastoid breadth
+Column BR: Breadth across upper molars
+
+======+===+========+===================+====+=====+====+=====+====+====+=====
+  No. |Sex|  Date  |     Locality      | FO | GR  | CO | LE  | ZY | MA | BR
+------|---+--------+-------------------+----+-----+----+-----+----+----+-----
+  [A] |   |        |_Rhogeëssa parvula |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   |        |  parvula_         |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   |        |                   |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+ 92413| ? |May 19, |Maria Madre        |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   | 1897   |  Island           |26.0|11.25|10.5| 4.1 |....|6.1 | 4.7
+  7841| ? |....... |lost specimen--     |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   |        |  Tres Marias Ids. |27.4|.... |....|.... |....|....|....
+ 84021|...|....... |alleged type of    |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   |        |  _R. tumida_      |....|11.8 |10.9| 4.3 |....|6.2 | 4.9
+ 24853|[F]|May 7,  |W side             |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   | 1948   |  Alamos, Sonora   |29.5|11.7 |10.8| 4.2 |7.8 |6.5 | 4.8
+ 24854|[F]|May 7,  |W side             |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   | 1948   |  Alamos, Sonora   |29.0|11.4 |10.6| 4.4 |7.6 |6.1 | 4.9
+ 39723|[M]|Aug. 5, |1/2 mi. E San      |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   | 1950   |  Blas, Nayarit    |27.2|12.2 |11.5| 4.5 |7.9 |6.5 | 5.1
+ 39724|[M]|Aug. 5, |1/2 mi. E San      |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   | 1950   |  Blas, Nayarit    |27.3|11.7 |10.7| 4.2 |7.4 |6.4 | 4.8
+ 39725|[F]|Aug. 7, |1/2 mi. E San      |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   | 1950   |  Blas, Nayarit    |28.0|12.0 |10.9| 4.4 |....|6.9 | 5.1
+      |   |        |                   |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   |        |_Rhogeëssa parvula |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   |        |  tumida_          |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   |        |                   |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+ 29886|[M]|Dec. 8, |Boca Del Rio,      |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   | 1948   |  10 ft., Veracruz |28.7|12.7 |11.9| 4.63|8.4 |6.9 | 5.6
+ 19231|[F]|Oct. 6, |Rio Blanco, 20 km. |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   | 1946   |  W Piedras Negras,|    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   |        |    Veracruz       |30.5|13.2 |12.4| 4.8 |....|7.0 | 5.6
+ 37329| ? |        |alleged paratype   |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   |        |  of _R. parvula_  |....|12.3 |11.3| 4.68|....|6.5 | 5.4
+ 73269|[F]|Jun. 12,|Santo Domingo,     |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   | 1895   |  Oaxaca           |32.6|13.5 |12.5| 5.0 |8.5 |6.9 | 5.65
+170858|[M]|Oct. 7, |La Tuxpana,        |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   | 1910   |  Champoton,       |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   |        |    Campeche       |26.7|12.4 |11.3| 4.5 |7.6 |6.5 | 4.9
+------+---+--------+-------------------+----+-----+----+-----+----+----+-----
+
+
+[A] The first three specimens and the last three are in the
+United States National Museum; the others are in the University of
+Kansas Museum of Natural History.
+
+
++----------------------------------------+
+|Transcriber's Notes:                    |
+|                                        |
+|Left inconsistent usage of accents      |
+|                                        |
+|Page 229: Changed Ishtmus to Isthmus    |
+|                                        |
+|Footnote A: Changed Natoinal to National|
++----------------------------------------+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Taxonomic Notes on Mexican Bats of the
+Genus Rhogeessa, by E. Raymond Hall
+
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+    <title>
+      The Project Gutenberg eBook of Taxonomic Notes on Mexican Bats of the
+Genus Rhogeëssa, by E. Raymond Hall.
+    </title>
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+<pre>
+
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Taxonomic Notes on Mexican Bats of the
+Genus Rhogeessa, by E. Raymond Hall
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
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+Title: Taxonomic Notes on Mexican Bats of the Genus Rhogeessa
+
+Author: E. Raymond Hall
+
+Release Date: January 28, 2010 [EBook #31109]
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+Language: English
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+
+
+<h1>
+Taxonomic Notes on Mexican Bats of the<br />
+Genus Rhoge&euml;ssa</h1>
+
+<h4>BY</h4>
+
+<h2>E. RAYMOND HALL</h2>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+<h4>University of Kansas Publications<br />
+Museum of Natural History<br /><br />
+Volume 5, No. 15, pp. 227-232<br />
+April 10, 1952</h4>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+<h4>University of Kansas<br />
+LAWRENCE<br />
+1952</h4>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+<h4><span class="smcap">University of Kansas Publications, Museum of Natural History</span><br /><br />
+Editors: E. Raymond Hall, Chairman, A. Byron Leonard,<br />
+Edward H. Taylor, Robert W. Wilson<br /><br />
+Volume 5, No. 15, pp. 227-232<br />
+April 10, 1952</h4>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+<h4><span class="smcap">University of Kansas</span><br />
+Lawrence, Kansas</h4>
+
+<h6>PRINTED BY<br />
+FERD VOILAND, JR., STATE PRINTER<br />
+TOPEKA, KANSAS<br />
+1952<br />
+<br />
+24-1780</h6>
+
+
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<div>
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_229" id="Page_229">[Pg 229]</a></span>
+</div>
+<h2><span class="smcap">Taxonomic Notes on Mexican Bats of the<br />
+Genus Rhoge&euml;ssa</span></h2>
+
+<h4>BY<br />
+E. RAYMOND HALL</h4>
+
+
+<p>Five skins with skulls of <i>Rhoge&euml;ssa</i>, collected by J. R. Alcorn in the
+states of Sonora and Nayarit of western Mexico, were recently received
+at the Museum of Natural History of the University of Kansas. Two other
+specimens of the same genus, collected by Walter W. Dalquest in the
+state of Veracruz of eastern Mexico, also are in the Museum of Natural
+History. With the aim of applying names to these bats they were compared
+with materials in the United States National Museum (including the
+Biological Surveys collection) where there are approximately the same
+number of Mexican specimens of <i>Rhoge&euml;ssa</i> as are in the Museum of
+Natural History.</p>
+
+<p>The three kinds of <i>Rhoge&euml;ssa</i> named from Mexico are as follows: <i>R.
+parvula</i> from the Tres Marias Islands off the west coast of Nayarit; <i>R.
+tumida</i> from Mirador, Veracruz, on the eastern slope of the Republic;
+and <i>R. gracilis</i> from Piaxtla, Puebla, on the southern end of the
+Mexican Plateau.</p>
+
+<p>Of <i>Rhoge&euml;ssa gracilis</i> Miller (N. Amer. Fauna, 13:126, October 16,
+1897) only three specimens are known; two are from Piaxtla, Puebla, and
+the third is from the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. Only the specimen from the
+Isthmus has a complete skull. The broken skull of the holotype is partly
+separated from the skin of the head and in such a manner as to reveal
+the teeth. The skull of the holotype seems to be broader (relative to
+its length) across the mastoids and posterior parts of the zygomata than
+in <i>R. tumida</i> or than in <i>R. parvula</i>. My comparisons indicate that
+<i>Rhoge&euml;ssa gracilis</i> has larger (longer and wider) ears than <i>R.
+parvula</i> and <i>R. tumida</i> and that it is specifically distinct from the
+two last mentioned kinds.</p>
+
+<p>The two other nominal species from Mexico, <i>R. parvula</i> and <i>R. tumida</i>,
+were named and described by Harrison Allen (Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
+Philadelphia, 1866: 285 and 286, respectively) on the basis of three
+specimens in the United States National Museum. Two were from the Tres
+Marias Islands and were the basis of the name <i>R. parvula</i>; the third
+was from Mirador, Veracruz, and was the basis<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_230" id="Page_230">[Pg 230]</a></span> of the name <i>R. tumida</i>.
+These specimens seem to have been preserved in alcohol. I have examined
+the skulls of two of these. One (U.S.N.M., new number 37329, old number
+7842) is alleged to be the paratype of <i>R. parvula</i> and the other
+(U.S.N.M., 84021) is alleged to be the holotype of <i>R. tumida</i>. In the
+glass vial containing skull No. 84021, there is a label in the
+handwriting of Gerrit S. Miller, Jr., bearing the following information:
+"In the orig. descr. the number of this sp. is said to be 8195. This is
+an error. Specimen catalogued 3.1.98 G.S.M. Jr." On the back of a second
+label in the skull vial there is written, "There is no doubt that this
+is the type skull. It was returned by H. A. with no. given in orig.
+descr. G.S.M. Jr." In the catalogue of the U. S. National Museum there
+is the statement that the type of <i>Rhoge&euml;ssa tumida</i> was collected by H.
+A. Grayson.</p>
+
+<p>The name <i>Rhoge&euml;ssa parvula</i> was based on two specimens (Smithsonian
+Institution Nos. 7841 the type and 7842, in alcohol, collected by Col.
+Grayson in the Tres Marias Islands off the west coast of Mexico.) The
+type seems never to have been returned from the Academy of Sciences of
+Philadelphia to the U. S. National Museum in Washington, D. C., and
+cannot (in 1951) be found in Philadelphia or anywhere else. The skull,
+but no other part, of the second specimen is in the United States
+National Museum under the catalogue number 37329 (old No. 7842). The
+skull has been broken in two through the interorbital region but is
+glued together.</p>
+
+<p>Of <i>R. tumida</i>, no additional specimen has been saved, so far as I know,
+from the type locality, Mirador, Veracruz.</p>
+
+<p>Of <i>R. parvula</i>, Nelson and Goldman, on May 19, 1897, on Mar&iacute;a Madre
+Island, saved in alcohol an additional specimen (92413 U.S.N.M.) from
+which J. Biggs, Preparator at the National Museum, in 1951, removed and
+cleaned the skull. In small size and in all other features, the skull of
+92413 closely resembles those of specimens saved by Alcorn from the
+adjoining mainland of Mexico in Sonora and Nayarit. The pelage of the
+upper parts of 92413 could be described as "of a light greyish-brown at
+basal third, fawn-chestnut-brown at apical two-thirds" which are the
+words that H. Allen (<i>op. cit.</i>: 285) used to describe the pelage of his
+<i>R. parvula</i>. The external measurements of 92413 are: total length, 60;
+length of tail, 25; length of hind foot, 5.5; and ear from notch, 11.0.
+The first two measurements are slightly smaller than the corresponding
+measurements of any other specimen seen. Nevertheless, the measurements
+(tail, 30.5; hind foot, 5.3 [after H. Allen, orig. descr.]) of the<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_231" id="Page_231">[Pg 231]</a></span>
+holotype of <i>R. parvula</i>, also from the Tres Marias Islands, show that
+it was as large as no. 39724 from the adjoining mainland (see table 1).</p>
+
+<p>According to the original descriptions, <i>R. parvula</i> and <i>R. tumida</i>
+differ in size, <i>R. parvula</i> being the smaller. As may be seen from
+table 1, the alleged type of <i>R. tumida</i> and the alleged paratype of <i>R.
+parvula</i> indicate the opposite! All specimens obtained since the time of
+the original descriptions, as may be seen by inspecting table 1, support
+the correctness of the original descriptions. Therefore, and also
+because of the other information presented above, I am inclined to the
+opinion that the holotype of <i>R. tumida</i> and the paratype of <i>R.
+parvula</i> have been switched; each now is associated with the name and
+data, at least for locality, of the other.</p>
+
+<p>Other opinions are that <i>Rhoge&euml;ssa</i> from the Tres Marias Islands average
+smaller than <i>Rhoge&euml;ssa</i> of the adjoining mainland of western Mexico but
+not enough smaller to warrant subspecific separation of the two.
+Specimens from places geographically intermediate between the geographic
+ranges, as now known, of <i>R. parvula</i> and <i>R. tumida</i> probably will
+reveal intergradation between the two kinds, which, therefore, should
+stand as subspecies of a single species.</p>
+
+<p>As understood now, the Mexican <i>Rhoge&euml;ssa</i> are as follows:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p><b>Rhoge&euml;ssa parvula parvula</b> H. Allen</p>
+
+<p>1866. <i>Rhoge&euml;ssa parvula</i> H. Allen, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
+Philadelphia, p. 285, type from Tres Marias Islands.</p>
+
+<p><i>Range.</i>&mdash;Tres Marias Islands and western mainland of Mexico from
+Alamos, Sonora, south to San Blas, Nayarit.</p>
+
+<p><b>Rhoge&euml;ssa parvula tumida</b> H. Allen.</p>
+
+<p>1866. <i>Rhoge&euml;ssa tumida</i> H. Allen, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
+Philadelphia, p. 286, type from Mirador, Veracruz.</p>
+
+<p><i>Range.</i>&mdash;From Boca del R&iacute;o, Veracruz, in eastern M&eacute;xico, southward
+over M&eacute;xico and Central America into Panam&aacute;.</p>
+
+<p><b>Rhoge&euml;ssa gracilis</b> Miller.</p>
+
+<p>1897. <i>Rhoge&euml;ssa gracilis</i> Miller, N. Amer. Fauna, 13:126, October
+16, 1897, type from Piaxtla, Puebla.</p>
+
+<p><i>Range.</i>&mdash;Known only from the type locality and the Isthmus of
+Tehuantepec.</p></div>
+
+<p><i>Transmitted November 30, 1951.</i><br /><br /><br /></p>
+
+<div>
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_232" id="Page_232">[Pg 232]</a></span>
+</div>
+
+<p>
+TABLE LEGEND<br />
+Column FO: Forearm<br />
+Column GR: Greatest length of skull including teeth<br />
+Column CO: Condylobasal length (not including teeth)<br />
+Column LE: Length of upper tooth-row, C1-M3<br />
+Column ZY: Zygomatic breadth<br />
+Column MA: Mastoid breadth<br />
+Column BR: Breadth across upper molars<br />
+</p>
+
+<div class="center">
+<span class="smcap">Table 1.&mdash;Measurements of Rhoge&euml;ssa from Mexico</span><br /><br />
+<table border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" summary="">
+<tr>
+    <td align='center'>No.</td>
+    <td align='center'>Sex</td>
+    <td align='center'>Date</td>
+    <td align='center'>Locality</td>
+    <td align='center'>FO</td>
+    <td align='center'>GR</td>
+    <td align='center'>CO</td>
+    <td align='center'>LE</td>
+    <td align='center'>ZY</td>
+    <td align='center'>MA</td>
+    <td align='center'>BR</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+    <td align='center'><a name="FNanchor_A_1" id="FNanchor_A_1"></a><a href="#Footnote_A_1" class="fnanchor">[A]</a></td>
+    <td align='left'></td>
+    <td align='left'></td>
+    <td align='center'><i>Rhoge&euml;ssa parvula parvula</i></td>
+    <td align='left'></td>
+    <td align='left'></td>
+    <td align='left'></td>
+    <td align='left'></td>
+    <td align='left'></td>
+    <td align='left'></td>
+    <td align='left'></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+    <td align='right'>92413</td>
+    <td align='center'>?</td>
+    <td align='left'>May 19, 1897</td>
+    <td align='left'>Maria Madre Island</td>
+    <td align='left'>26.0</td>
+    <td align='left'>11.25</td>
+    <td align='left'>10.5</td>
+    <td align='left'>4.1</td>
+    <td align='center'>....</td>
+    <td align='left'>6.1</td>
+    <td align='left'>4.7</td>
+    </tr>
+<tr>
+    <td align='right'>7841</td>
+    <td align='center'>?</td>
+    <td align='center'>............</td>
+    <td align='left'>lost specimen&mdash;Tres Marias Ids.</td>
+    <td align='left'>27.4</td>
+    <td align='center'>....</td>
+    <td align='center'>....</td>
+    <td align='center'>....</td>
+    <td align='center'>....</td>
+    <td align='center'>....</td>
+    <td align='center'>....</td>
+    </tr>
+<tr>
+    <td align='right'>84021</td>
+    <td align='center'>...</td>
+    <td align='center'>............</td>
+    <td align='left'>alleged type of <i>R. tumida</i></td>
+    <td align='center'>....</td>
+    <td align='left'>11.8</td>
+    <td align='left'>10.9</td>
+    <td align='left'>4.3</td>
+    <td align='center'>....</td>
+    <td align='left'>6.2</td>
+    <td align='left'>4.9</td>
+    </tr>
+<tr>
+    <td align='right'>24853</td>
+    <td align='center'>&#9792;</td>
+    <td align='left'>May 7, 1948</td>
+    <td align='left'>W side Alamos, Sonora</td>
+    <td align='left'>29.5</td>
+    <td align='left'>11.7</td>
+    <td align='left'>10.8</td>
+    <td align='left'>4.2</td>
+    <td align='left'>7.8</td>
+    <td align='left'>6.5</td>
+    <td align='left'>4.8</td>
+    </tr>
+<tr>
+    <td align='right'>24854</td>
+    <td align='center'>&#9792;</td>
+    <td align='left'>May 7, 1948</td>
+    <td align='left'>W side Alamos, Sonora</td>
+    <td align='left'>29.0</td>
+    <td align='left'>11.4</td>
+    <td align='left'>10.6</td>
+    <td align='left'>4.4</td>
+    <td align='left'>7.6</td>
+    <td align='left'>6.1</td>
+    <td align='left'>4.9</td>
+    </tr>
+<tr>
+    <td align='right'>39723</td>
+    <td align='center'>&#9794;</td>
+    <td align='left'>Aug. 5, 1950</td>
+    <td align='left'>1/2 mi. E San Blas, Nayarit</td>
+    <td align='left'>27.2</td>
+    <td align='left'>12.2</td>
+    <td align='left'>11.5</td>
+    <td align='left'>4.5</td>
+    <td align='left'>7.9</td>
+    <td align='left'>6.5</td>
+    <td align='left'>5.1</td>
+    </tr>
+<tr>
+    <td align='right'>39724</td>
+    <td align='center'>&#9794;</td>
+    <td align='left'>Aug. 5, 1950</td>
+    <td align='left'>1/2 mi. E San Blas, Nayarit</td>
+    <td align='left'>27.3</td>
+    <td align='left'>11.7</td>
+    <td align='left'>10.7</td>
+    <td align='left'>4.2</td>
+    <td align='left'>7.4</td>
+    <td align='left'>6.4</td>
+    <td align='left'>4.8</td>
+    </tr>
+<tr>
+    <td align='right'>39725</td>
+    <td align='center'>&#9792;</td>
+    <td align='left'>Aug. 7, 1950</td>
+    <td align='left'>1/2 mi. E San Blas, Nayarit</td>
+    <td align='left'>28.0</td>
+    <td align='left'>12.0</td>
+    <td align='left'>10.9</td>
+    <td align='left'>4.4</td>
+    <td align='left'>....</td>
+    <td align='left'>6.9</td>
+    <td align='left'>5.1</td>
+    </tr>
+<tr>
+    <td colspan="11"></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+    <td align='right'></td>
+    <td align='center'></td>
+    <td align='left'></td>
+    <td align='center'><i>Rhoge&euml;ssa parvula tumida</i></td>
+    <td align='left'></td>
+    <td align='left'></td>
+    <td align='left'></td>
+    <td align='left'></td>
+    <td align='left'></td>
+    <td align='left'></td>
+    <td align='left'></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+    <td align='right'>29886</td>
+    <td align='center'>&#9794;</td>
+    <td align='left'>Dec. 8, 1948</td>
+    <td align='left'>Boca del Rio, 10 ft., Veracruz</td>
+    <td align='left'>28.7</td>
+    <td align='left'>12.7</td>
+    <td align='left'>11.9</td>
+    <td align='left'>4.63</td>
+    <td align='left'>8.4</td>
+    <td align='left'>6.9</td>
+    <td align='left'>5.6</td>
+    </tr>
+<tr>
+    <td align='right'>19231</td>
+    <td align='center'>&#9792;</td>
+    <td align='left'>Oct. 6, 1946</td>
+    <td align='left'>Rio Blanco, 20 km. W Piedras</td>
+    <td align='left'></td>
+    <td align='left'></td>
+    <td align='left'></td>
+    <td align='left'></td>
+    <td align='left'></td>
+    <td align='left'></td>
+    <td align='left'></td>
+    </tr>
+<tr>
+    <td align='right'></td>
+    <td align='center'></td>
+    <td align='left'></td>
+    <td align='left'>Negras, Veracruz</td>
+    <td align='left'>30.5</td>
+    <td align='left'>13.2</td>
+    <td align='left'>12.4</td>
+    <td align='left'>4.8</td>
+    <td align='center'>....</td>
+    <td align='left'>7.0</td>
+    <td align='left'>5.6</td>
+    </tr>
+<tr>
+    <td align='right'>37329</td>
+    <td align='center'>?</td>
+    <td align='left'></td>
+    <td align='left'>alleged paratype of <i>R. parvula</i></td>
+    <td align='center'>....</td>
+    <td align='left'>12.3</td>
+    <td align='left'>11.3</td>
+    <td align='left'>4.68</td>
+    <td align='center'>....</td>
+    <td align='left'>6.5</td>
+    <td align='left'>5.4</td>
+    </tr>
+<tr>
+    <td align='right'>73269</td>
+    <td align='center'>&#9792;</td>
+    <td align='left'>Jun. 12, 1895</td>
+    <td align='left'>Santo Domingo, Oaxaca</td>
+    <td align='left'>32.6</td>
+    <td align='left'>13.5</td>
+    <td align='left'>12.5</td>
+    <td align='left'>5.0</td>
+    <td align='left'>8.5</td>
+    <td align='left'>6.9</td>
+    <td align='left'>5.65</td>
+    </tr>
+<tr>
+    <td align='right'>170858</td>
+    <td align='center'>&#9794;</td>
+    <td align='left'>Oct. 7, 1910</td>
+    <td align='left'>La Tuxpana, Champoton, Campeche</td>
+    <td align='left'>26.7</td>
+    <td align='left'>12.4</td>
+    <td align='left'>11.3</td>
+    <td align='left'>4.5</td>
+    <td align='left'>7.6</td>
+    <td align='left'>6.5</td>
+    <td align='left'>4.9</td>
+    </tr>
+</table>
+</div>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_A_1" id="Footnote_A_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_A_1"><span class="label">[A]</span></a> The first three specimens and the last three are in the
+United States National Museum; the others are in the University of
+Kansas Museum of Natural History.</p></div>
+
+<p class = "notes">
+Transcriber's Notes:<br />
+Standardized Punctuation.<br />
+Left inconsistent usage of accents.<br />
+Page 229: Changed Ishtmus to Isthmus.<br />
+Footnote A: Changed Natoinal to National
+</p>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<pre>
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Taxonomic Notes on Mexican Bats of the
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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Taxonomic Notes on Mexican Bats of the
+Genus Rhogeessa, by E. Raymond Hall
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Taxonomic Notes on Mexican Bats of the Genus Rhogeessa
+
+Author: E. Raymond Hall
+
+Release Date: January 28, 2010 [EBook #31109]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MEXICAN BATS ***
+
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+
+
+Produced by Chris Curnow, Joseph R. Hauser, Joseph Cooper
+and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
+http://www.pgdp.net
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+
+
+
+
+Taxonomic Notes on Mexican Bats of the
+Genus Rhogeessa
+
+BY
+
+E. RAYMOND HALL
+
+
+
+
+University of Kansas Publications
+Museum of Natural History
+
+Volume 5, No. 15, pp. 227-232
+April 10, 1952
+
+
+
+
+University of Kansas
+LAWRENCE
+1952
+
+
+
+
+UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS PUBLICATIONS, MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY
+
+Editors: E. Raymond Hall, Chairman, A. Byron Leonard,
+Edward H. Taylor, Robert W. Wilson
+
+Volume 5, No. 15, pp. 227-232
+April 10, 1952
+
+
+
+
+UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS
+Lawrence, Kansas
+
+
+
+
+PRINTED BY
+FERD VOILAND, JR., STATE PRINTER
+TOPEKA, KANSAS
+1952
+
+24-1780
+
+
+
+
+TAXONOMIC NOTES ON MEXICAN BATS OF THE GENUS RHOGEESSA
+
+BY
+
+E. RAYMOND HALL
+
+
+Five skins with skulls of _Rhogeessa_, collected by J. R. Alcorn in the
+states of Sonora and Nayarit of western Mexico, were recently received
+at the Museum of Natural History of the University of Kansas. Two other
+specimens of the same genus, collected by Walter W. Dalquest in the
+state of Veracruz of eastern Mexico, also are in the Museum of Natural
+History. With the aim of applying names to these bats they were compared
+with materials in the United States National Museum (including the
+Biological Surveys collection) where there are approximately the same
+number of Mexican specimens of _Rhogeessa_ as are in the Museum of
+Natural History.
+
+The three kinds of _Rhogeessa_ named from Mexico are as follows: _R.
+parvula_ from the Tres Marias Islands off the west coast of Nayarit; _R.
+tumida_ from Mirador, Veracruz, on the eastern slope of the Republic;
+and _R. gracilis_ from Piaxtla, Puebla, on the southern end of the
+Mexican Plateau.
+
+Of _Rhogeessa gracilis_ Miller (N. Amer. Fauna, 13:126, October 16,
+1897) only three specimens are known; two are from Piaxtla, Puebla, and
+the third is from the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. Only the specimen from the
+Isthmus has a complete skull. The broken skull of the holotype is partly
+separated from the skin of the head and in such a manner as to reveal
+the teeth. The skull of the holotype seems to be broader (relative to
+its length) across the mastoids and posterior parts of the zygomata than
+in _R. tumida_ or than in _R. parvula_. My comparisons indicate that
+_Rhogeessa gracilis_ has larger (longer and wider) ears than _R.
+parvula_ and _R. tumida_ and that it is specifically distinct from the
+two last mentioned kinds.
+
+The two other nominal species from Mexico, _R. parvula_ and _R. tumida_,
+were named and described by Harrison Allen (Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
+Philadelphia, 1866: 285 and 286, respectively) on the basis of three
+specimens in the United States National Museum. Two were from the Tres
+Marias Islands and were the basis of the name _R. parvula_; the third
+was from Mirador, Veracruz, and was the basis of the name _R. tumida_.
+These specimens seem to have been preserved in alcohol. I have examined
+the skulls of two of these. One (U.S.N.M., new number 37329, old number
+7842) is alleged to be the paratype of _R. parvula_ and the other
+(U.S.N.M., 84021) is alleged to be the holotype of _R. tumida_. In the
+glass vial containing skull No. 84021, there is a label in the
+handwriting of Gerrit S. Miller, Jr., bearing the following information:
+"In the orig. descr. the number of this sp. is said to be 8195. This is
+an error. Specimen catalogued 3.1.98 G.S.M. Jr." On the back of a second
+label in the skull vial there is written, "There is no doubt that this
+is the type skull. It was returned by H. A. with no. given in orig.
+descr. G.S.M. Jr." In the catalogue of the U. S. National Museum there
+is the statement that the type of _Rhogeessa tumida_ was collected by H.
+A. Grayson.
+
+The name _Rhogeessa parvula_ was based on two specimens (Smithsonian
+Institution Nos. 7841 the type and 7842, in alcohol, collected by Col.
+Grayson in the Tres Marias Islands off the west coast of Mexico.) The
+type seems never to have been returned from the Academy of Sciences of
+Philadelphia to the U. S. National Museum in Washington, D. C., and
+cannot (in 1951) be found in Philadelphia or anywhere else. The skull,
+but no other part, of the second specimen is in the United States
+National Museum under the catalogue number 37329 (old No. 7842). The
+skull has been broken in two through the interorbital region but is
+glued together.
+
+Of _R. tumida_, no additional specimen has been saved, so far as I know,
+from the type locality, Mirador, Veracruz.
+
+Of _R. parvula_, Nelson and Goldman, on May 19, 1897, on Maria Madre
+Island, saved in alcohol an additional specimen (92413 U.S.N.M.) from
+which J. Biggs, Preparator at the National Museum, in 1951, removed and
+cleaned the skull. In small size and in all other features, the skull of
+92413 closely resembles those of specimens saved by Alcorn from the
+adjoining mainland of Mexico in Sonora and Nayarit. The pelage of the
+upper parts of 92413 could be described as "of a light greyish-brown at
+basal third, fawn-chestnut-brown at apical two-thirds" which are the
+words that H. Allen (_op. cit._: 285) used to describe the pelage of his
+_R. parvula_. The external measurements of 92413 are: total length, 60;
+length of tail, 25; length of hind foot, 5.5; and ear from notch, 11.0.
+The first two measurements are slightly smaller than the corresponding
+measurements of any other specimen seen. Nevertheless, the measurements
+(tail, 30.5; hind foot, 5.3 [after H. Allen, orig. descr.]) of the
+holotype of _R. parvula_, also from the Tres Marias Islands, show that
+it was as large as no. 39724 from the adjoining mainland (see table 1).
+
+According to the original descriptions, _R. parvula_ and _R. tumida_
+differ in size, _R. parvula_ being the smaller. As may be seen from
+table 1, the alleged type of _R. tumida_ and the alleged paratype of _R.
+parvula_ indicate the opposite! All specimens obtained since the time of
+the original descriptions, as may be seen by inspecting table 1, support
+the correctness of the original descriptions. Therefore, and also
+because of the other information presented above, I am inclined to the
+opinion that the holotype of _R. tumida_ and the paratype of _R.
+parvula_ have been switched; each now is associated with the name and
+data, at least for locality, of the other.
+
+Other opinions are that _Rhogeessa_ from the Tres Marias Islands average
+smaller than _Rhogeessa_ of the adjoining mainland of western Mexico but
+not enough smaller to warrant subspecific separation of the two.
+Specimens from places geographically intermediate between the geographic
+ranges, as now known, of _R. parvula_ and _R. tumida_ probably will
+reveal intergradation between the two kinds, which, therefore, should
+stand as subspecies of a single species.
+
+As understood now, the Mexican _Rhogeessa_ are as follows:
+
+     =Rhogeessa parvula parvula= H. Allen
+
+     1866. _Rhogeessa parvula_ H. Allen, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
+     Philadelphia, p. 285, type from Tres Marias Islands.
+
+     _Range._--Tres Marias Islands and western mainland of Mexico from
+     Alamos, Sonora, south to San Blas, Nayarit.
+
+     =Rhogeessa parvula tumida= H. Allen.
+
+     1866. _Rhogeessa tumida_ H. Allen, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
+     Philadelphia, p. 286, type from Mirador, Veracruz.
+
+     _Range._--From Boca del Rio, Veracruz, in eastern Mexico, southward
+     over Mexico and Central America into Panama.
+
+     =Rhogeessa gracilis= Miller.
+
+     1897. _Rhogeessa gracilis_ Miller, N. Amer. Fauna, 13:126, October
+     16, 1897, type from Piaxtla, Puebla.
+
+     _Range._--Known only from the type locality and the Isthmus of
+     Tehuantepec.
+
+_Transmitted November 30, 1951._
+
+
+TABLE 1.--MEASUREMENTS OF RHOGEESSA FROM MEXICO
+
+TABLE LEGEND
+
+Column FO: Forearm
+Column GR: Greatest length of skull including teeth
+Column CO: Condylobasal length (not including teeth)
+Column LE: Length of upper tooth-row, C1-M3
+Column ZY: Zygomatic breadth
+Column MA: Mastoid breadth
+Column BR: Breadth across upper molars
+
+======+===+========+===================+====+=====+====+=====+====+====+=====
+  No. |Sex|  Date  |     Locality      | FO | GR  | CO | LE  | ZY | MA | BR
+------|---+--------+-------------------+----+-----+----+-----+----+----+-----
+  [A] |   |        |_Rhogeessa parvula |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   |        |  parvula_         |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   |        |                   |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+ 92413| ? |May 19, |Maria Madre        |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   | 1897   |  Island           |26.0|11.25|10.5| 4.1 |....|6.1 | 4.7
+  7841| ? |....... |lost specimen--     |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   |        |  Tres Marias Ids. |27.4|.... |....|.... |....|....|....
+ 84021|...|....... |alleged type of    |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   |        |  _R. tumida_      |....|11.8 |10.9| 4.3 |....|6.2 | 4.9
+ 24853|[F]|May 7,  |W side             |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   | 1948   |  Alamos, Sonora   |29.5|11.7 |10.8| 4.2 |7.8 |6.5 | 4.8
+ 24854|[F]|May 7,  |W side             |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   | 1948   |  Alamos, Sonora   |29.0|11.4 |10.6| 4.4 |7.6 |6.1 | 4.9
+ 39723|[M]|Aug. 5, |1/2 mi. E San      |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   | 1950   |  Blas, Nayarit    |27.2|12.2 |11.5| 4.5 |7.9 |6.5 | 5.1
+ 39724|[M]|Aug. 5, |1/2 mi. E San      |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   | 1950   |  Blas, Nayarit    |27.3|11.7 |10.7| 4.2 |7.4 |6.4 | 4.8
+ 39725|[F]|Aug. 7, |1/2 mi. E San      |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   | 1950   |  Blas, Nayarit    |28.0|12.0 |10.9| 4.4 |....|6.9 | 5.1
+      |   |        |                   |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   |        |_Rhogeessa parvula |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   |        |  tumida_          |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   |        |                   |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+ 29886|[M]|Dec. 8, |Boca Del Rio,      |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   | 1948   |  10 ft., Veracruz |28.7|12.7 |11.9| 4.63|8.4 |6.9 | 5.6
+ 19231|[F]|Oct. 6, |Rio Blanco, 20 km. |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   | 1946   |  W Piedras Negras,|    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   |        |    Veracruz       |30.5|13.2 |12.4| 4.8 |....|7.0 | 5.6
+ 37329| ? |        |alleged paratype   |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   |        |  of _R. parvula_  |....|12.3 |11.3| 4.68|....|6.5 | 5.4
+ 73269|[F]|Jun. 12,|Santo Domingo,     |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   | 1895   |  Oaxaca           |32.6|13.5 |12.5| 5.0 |8.5 |6.9 | 5.65
+170858|[M]|Oct. 7, |La Tuxpana,        |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   | 1910   |  Champoton,       |    |     |    |     |    |    |
+      |   |        |    Campeche       |26.7|12.4 |11.3| 4.5 |7.6 |6.5 | 4.9
+------+---+--------+-------------------+----+-----+----+-----+----+----+-----
+
+
+[A] The first three specimens and the last three are in the
+United States National Museum; the others are in the University of
+Kansas Museum of Natural History.
+
+
++----------------------------------------+
+|Transcriber's Notes:                    |
+|                                        |
+|Left inconsistent usage of accents      |
+|                                        |
+|Page 229: Changed Ishtmus to Isthmus    |
+|                                        |
+|Footnote A: Changed Natoinal to National|
++----------------------------------------+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Taxonomic Notes on Mexican Bats of the
+Genus Rhogeessa, by E. Raymond Hall
+
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