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diff --git a/31109.txt b/31109.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..234ca2e --- /dev/null +++ b/31109.txt @@ -0,0 +1,659 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Taxonomic Notes on Mexican Bats of the +Genus Rhogeessa, by E. Raymond Hall + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Taxonomic Notes on Mexican Bats of the Genus Rhogeessa + +Author: E. Raymond Hall + +Release Date: January 28, 2010 [EBook #31109] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MEXICAN BATS *** + + + + +Produced by Chris Curnow, Joseph R. Hauser, Joseph Cooper +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +http://www.pgdp.net + + + + + + +Taxonomic Notes on Mexican Bats of the +Genus Rhogeessa + +BY + +E. RAYMOND HALL + + + + +University of Kansas Publications +Museum of Natural History + +Volume 5, No. 15, pp. 227-232 +April 10, 1952 + + + + +University of Kansas +LAWRENCE +1952 + + + + +UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS PUBLICATIONS, MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY + +Editors: E. Raymond Hall, Chairman, A. Byron Leonard, +Edward H. Taylor, Robert W. Wilson + +Volume 5, No. 15, pp. 227-232 +April 10, 1952 + + + + +UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS +Lawrence, Kansas + + + + +PRINTED BY +FERD VOILAND, JR., STATE PRINTER +TOPEKA, KANSAS +1952 + +24-1780 + + + + +TAXONOMIC NOTES ON MEXICAN BATS OF THE GENUS RHOGEESSA + +BY + +E. RAYMOND HALL + + +Five skins with skulls of _Rhogeessa_, collected by J. R. Alcorn in the +states of Sonora and Nayarit of western Mexico, were recently received +at the Museum of Natural History of the University of Kansas. Two other +specimens of the same genus, collected by Walter W. Dalquest in the +state of Veracruz of eastern Mexico, also are in the Museum of Natural +History. With the aim of applying names to these bats they were compared +with materials in the United States National Museum (including the +Biological Surveys collection) where there are approximately the same +number of Mexican specimens of _Rhogeessa_ as are in the Museum of +Natural History. + +The three kinds of _Rhogeessa_ named from Mexico are as follows: _R. +parvula_ from the Tres Marias Islands off the west coast of Nayarit; _R. +tumida_ from Mirador, Veracruz, on the eastern slope of the Republic; +and _R. gracilis_ from Piaxtla, Puebla, on the southern end of the +Mexican Plateau. + +Of _Rhogeessa gracilis_ Miller (N. Amer. Fauna, 13:126, October 16, +1897) only three specimens are known; two are from Piaxtla, Puebla, and +the third is from the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. Only the specimen from the +Isthmus has a complete skull. The broken skull of the holotype is partly +separated from the skin of the head and in such a manner as to reveal +the teeth. The skull of the holotype seems to be broader (relative to +its length) across the mastoids and posterior parts of the zygomata than +in _R. tumida_ or than in _R. parvula_. My comparisons indicate that +_Rhogeessa gracilis_ has larger (longer and wider) ears than _R. +parvula_ and _R. tumida_ and that it is specifically distinct from the +two last mentioned kinds. + +The two other nominal species from Mexico, _R. parvula_ and _R. tumida_, +were named and described by Harrison Allen (Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. +Philadelphia, 1866: 285 and 286, respectively) on the basis of three +specimens in the United States National Museum. Two were from the Tres +Marias Islands and were the basis of the name _R. parvula_; the third +was from Mirador, Veracruz, and was the basis of the name _R. tumida_. +These specimens seem to have been preserved in alcohol. I have examined +the skulls of two of these. One (U.S.N.M., new number 37329, old number +7842) is alleged to be the paratype of _R. parvula_ and the other +(U.S.N.M., 84021) is alleged to be the holotype of _R. tumida_. In the +glass vial containing skull No. 84021, there is a label in the +handwriting of Gerrit S. Miller, Jr., bearing the following information: +"In the orig. descr. the number of this sp. is said to be 8195. This is +an error. Specimen catalogued 3.1.98 G.S.M. Jr." On the back of a second +label in the skull vial there is written, "There is no doubt that this +is the type skull. It was returned by H. A. with no. given in orig. +descr. G.S.M. Jr." In the catalogue of the U. S. National Museum there +is the statement that the type of _Rhogeessa tumida_ was collected by H. +A. Grayson. + +The name _Rhogeessa parvula_ was based on two specimens (Smithsonian +Institution Nos. 7841 the type and 7842, in alcohol, collected by Col. +Grayson in the Tres Marias Islands off the west coast of Mexico.) The +type seems never to have been returned from the Academy of Sciences of +Philadelphia to the U. S. National Museum in Washington, D. C., and +cannot (in 1951) be found in Philadelphia or anywhere else. The skull, +but no other part, of the second specimen is in the United States +National Museum under the catalogue number 37329 (old No. 7842). The +skull has been broken in two through the interorbital region but is +glued together. + +Of _R. tumida_, no additional specimen has been saved, so far as I know, +from the type locality, Mirador, Veracruz. + +Of _R. parvula_, Nelson and Goldman, on May 19, 1897, on Maria Madre +Island, saved in alcohol an additional specimen (92413 U.S.N.M.) from +which J. Biggs, Preparator at the National Museum, in 1951, removed and +cleaned the skull. In small size and in all other features, the skull of +92413 closely resembles those of specimens saved by Alcorn from the +adjoining mainland of Mexico in Sonora and Nayarit. The pelage of the +upper parts of 92413 could be described as "of a light greyish-brown at +basal third, fawn-chestnut-brown at apical two-thirds" which are the +words that H. Allen (_op. cit._: 285) used to describe the pelage of his +_R. parvula_. The external measurements of 92413 are: total length, 60; +length of tail, 25; length of hind foot, 5.5; and ear from notch, 11.0. +The first two measurements are slightly smaller than the corresponding +measurements of any other specimen seen. Nevertheless, the measurements +(tail, 30.5; hind foot, 5.3 [after H. Allen, orig. descr.]) of the +holotype of _R. parvula_, also from the Tres Marias Islands, show that +it was as large as no. 39724 from the adjoining mainland (see table 1). + +According to the original descriptions, _R. parvula_ and _R. tumida_ +differ in size, _R. parvula_ being the smaller. As may be seen from +table 1, the alleged type of _R. tumida_ and the alleged paratype of _R. +parvula_ indicate the opposite! All specimens obtained since the time of +the original descriptions, as may be seen by inspecting table 1, support +the correctness of the original descriptions. Therefore, and also +because of the other information presented above, I am inclined to the +opinion that the holotype of _R. tumida_ and the paratype of _R. +parvula_ have been switched; each now is associated with the name and +data, at least for locality, of the other. + +Other opinions are that _Rhogeessa_ from the Tres Marias Islands average +smaller than _Rhogeessa_ of the adjoining mainland of western Mexico but +not enough smaller to warrant subspecific separation of the two. +Specimens from places geographically intermediate between the geographic +ranges, as now known, of _R. parvula_ and _R. tumida_ probably will +reveal intergradation between the two kinds, which, therefore, should +stand as subspecies of a single species. + +As understood now, the Mexican _Rhogeessa_ are as follows: + + =Rhogeessa parvula parvula= H. Allen + + 1866. _Rhogeessa parvula_ H. Allen, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. + Philadelphia, p. 285, type from Tres Marias Islands. + + _Range._--Tres Marias Islands and western mainland of Mexico from + Alamos, Sonora, south to San Blas, Nayarit. + + =Rhogeessa parvula tumida= H. Allen. + + 1866. _Rhogeessa tumida_ H. Allen, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. + Philadelphia, p. 286, type from Mirador, Veracruz. + + _Range._--From Boca del Rio, Veracruz, in eastern Mexico, southward + over Mexico and Central America into Panama. + + =Rhogeessa gracilis= Miller. + + 1897. _Rhogeessa gracilis_ Miller, N. Amer. Fauna, 13:126, October + 16, 1897, type from Piaxtla, Puebla. + + _Range._--Known only from the type locality and the Isthmus of + Tehuantepec. + +_Transmitted November 30, 1951._ + + +TABLE 1.--MEASUREMENTS OF RHOGEESSA FROM MEXICO + +TABLE LEGEND + +Column FO: Forearm +Column GR: Greatest length of skull including teeth +Column CO: Condylobasal length (not including teeth) +Column LE: Length of upper tooth-row, C1-M3 +Column ZY: Zygomatic breadth +Column MA: Mastoid breadth +Column BR: Breadth across upper molars + +======+===+========+===================+====+=====+====+=====+====+====+===== + No. |Sex| Date | Locality | FO | GR | CO | LE | ZY | MA | BR +------|---+--------+-------------------+----+-----+----+-----+----+----+----- + [A] | | |_Rhogeessa parvula | | | | | | | + | | | parvula_ | | | | | | | + | | | | | | | | | | + 92413| ? |May 19, |Maria Madre | | | | | | | + | | 1897 | Island |26.0|11.25|10.5| 4.1 |....|6.1 | 4.7 + 7841| ? |....... |lost specimen-- | | | | | | | + | | | Tres Marias Ids. |27.4|.... |....|.... |....|....|.... + 84021|...|....... |alleged type of | | | | | | | + | | | _R. tumida_ |....|11.8 |10.9| 4.3 |....|6.2 | 4.9 + 24853|[F]|May 7, |W side | | | | | | | + | | 1948 | Alamos, Sonora |29.5|11.7 |10.8| 4.2 |7.8 |6.5 | 4.8 + 24854|[F]|May 7, |W side | | | | | | | + | | 1948 | Alamos, Sonora |29.0|11.4 |10.6| 4.4 |7.6 |6.1 | 4.9 + 39723|[M]|Aug. 5, |1/2 mi. E San | | | | | | | + | | 1950 | Blas, Nayarit |27.2|12.2 |11.5| 4.5 |7.9 |6.5 | 5.1 + 39724|[M]|Aug. 5, |1/2 mi. E San | | | | | | | + | | 1950 | Blas, Nayarit |27.3|11.7 |10.7| 4.2 |7.4 |6.4 | 4.8 + 39725|[F]|Aug. 7, |1/2 mi. E San | | | | | | | + | | 1950 | Blas, Nayarit |28.0|12.0 |10.9| 4.4 |....|6.9 | 5.1 + | | | | | | | | | | + | | |_Rhogeessa parvula | | | | | | | + | | | tumida_ | | | | | | | + | | | | | | | | | | + 29886|[M]|Dec. 8, |Boca Del Rio, | | | | | | | + | | 1948 | 10 ft., Veracruz |28.7|12.7 |11.9| 4.63|8.4 |6.9 | 5.6 + 19231|[F]|Oct. 6, |Rio Blanco, 20 km. | | | | | | | + | | 1946 | W Piedras Negras,| | | | | | | + | | | Veracruz |30.5|13.2 |12.4| 4.8 |....|7.0 | 5.6 + 37329| ? | |alleged paratype | | | | | | | + | | | of _R. parvula_ |....|12.3 |11.3| 4.68|....|6.5 | 5.4 + 73269|[F]|Jun. 12,|Santo Domingo, | | | | | | | + | | 1895 | Oaxaca |32.6|13.5 |12.5| 5.0 |8.5 |6.9 | 5.65 +170858|[M]|Oct. 7, |La Tuxpana, | | | | | | | + | | 1910 | Champoton, | | | | | | | + | | | Campeche |26.7|12.4 |11.3| 4.5 |7.6 |6.5 | 4.9 +------+---+--------+-------------------+----+-----+----+-----+----+----+----- + + +[A] The first three specimens and the last three are in the +United States National Museum; the others are in the University of +Kansas Museum of Natural History. + + ++----------------------------------------+ +|Transcriber's Notes: | +| | +|Left inconsistent usage of accents | +| | +|Page 229: Changed Ishtmus to Isthmus | +| | +|Footnote A: Changed Natoinal to National| ++----------------------------------------+ + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Taxonomic Notes on Mexican Bats of the +Genus Rhogeessa, by E. 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