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diff --git a/9223-0.txt b/9223-0.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5a2728f --- /dev/null +++ b/9223-0.txt @@ -0,0 +1,655 @@ +The Project Gutenberg eBook of Fire Worship, by Nathaniel Hawthorne + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and +most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions +whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms +of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at +www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you +will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before +using this eBook. + +Title: Fire Worship + +Author: Nathaniel Hawthorne + +Release Date: September 6, 2003 [eBook #9223] +[Most recently updated: November 9, 2022] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: UTF-8 + +Produced by: David Widger and Al Haines + +*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK FIRE WORSHIP *** + + + + +Fire Worship + +by Nathaniel Hawthorne + + + + +It is a great revolution in social and domestic life, and no less so in +the life of a secluded student, this almost universal exchange of the +open fireplace for the cheerless and ungenial stove. On such a morning +as now lowers around our old gray parsonage, I miss the bright face of +my ancient friend, who was wont to dance upon the hearth and play the +part of more familiar sunshine. It is sad to turn from the cloudy sky +and sombre landscape; from yonder hill, with its crown of rusty, black +pines, the foliage of which is so dismal in the absence of the sun; +that bleak pasture-land, and the broken surface of the potato-field, +with the brown clods partly concealed by the snowfall of last night; +the swollen and sluggish river, with ice-incrusted borders, dragging +its bluish-gray stream along the verge of our orchard like a snake half +torpid with the cold,—it is sad to turn from an outward scene of so +little comfort and find the same sullen influences brooding within the +precincts of my study. Where is that brilliant guest, that quick and +subtle spirit, whom Prometheus lured from heaven to civilize mankind +and cheer them in their wintry desolation; that comfortable inmate, +whose smile, during eight months of the year, was our sufficient +consolation for summer’s lingering advance and early flight? Alas! +blindly inhospitable, grudging the food that kept him cheery and +mercurial, we have thrust him into an iron prison, and compel him to +smoulder away his life on a daily pittance which once would have been +too scanty for his breakfast. Without a metaphor, we now make our fire +in an air-tight stove, and supply it with some half a dozen sticks of +wood between dawn and nightfall. + +I never shall be reconciled to this enormity. Truly may it be said that +the world looks darker for it. In one way or another, here and there +and all around us, the inventions of mankind are fast blotting the +picturesque, the poetic, and the beautiful out of human life. The +domestic fire was a type of all these attributes, and seemed to bring +might and majesty, and wild nature and a spiritual essence, into our in +most home, and yet to dwell with us in such friendliness that its +mysteries and marvels excited no dismay. The same mild companion that +smiled so placidly in our faces was he that comes roaring out of Ætna +and rushes madly up the sky like a fiend breaking loose from torment +and fighting for a place among the upper angels. He it is, too, that +leaps from cloud to cloud amid the crashing thunder-storm. It was he +whom the Gheber worshipped with no unnatural idolatry; and it was he +who devoured London and Moscow and many another famous city, and who +loves to riot through our own dark forests and sweep across our +prairies, and to whose ravenous maw, it is said, the universe shall one +day be given as a final feast. Meanwhile he is the great artisan and +laborer by whose aid men are enabled to build a world within a world, +or, at least, to smooth down the rough creation which Nature flung to +it. He forges the mighty anchor and every lesser instrument; he drives +the steamboat and drags the rail-car; and it was he—this creature of +terrible might, and so many-sided utility and all-comprehensive +destructiveness—that used to be the cheerful, homely friend of our +wintry days, and whom we have made the prisoner of this iron cage. + +How kindly he was! and, though the tremendous agent of change, yet +bearing himself with such gentleness, so rendering himself a part of +all life-long and age-coeval associations, that it seemed as if he were +the great conservative of nature. While a man was true to the fireside, +so long would he be true to country and law, to the God whom his +fathers worshipped, to the wife of his youth, and to all things else +which instinct or religion has taught us to consider sacred. With how +sweet humility did this elemental spirit perform all needful offices +for the household in which he was domesticated! He was equal to the +concoction of a grand dinner, yet scorned not to roast a potato or +toast a bit of cheese. How humanely did he cherish the school-boy’s icy +fingers, and thaw the old man’s joints with a genial warmth which +almost equalled the glow of youth! And how carefully did he dry the +cowhide boots that had trudged through mud and snow, and the shaggy +outside garment stiff with frozen sleet! taking heed, likewise, to the +comfort of the faithful dog who had followed his master through the +storm. When did he refuse a coal to light a pipe, or even a part of his +own substance to kindle a neighbor’s fire? And then, at twilight, when +laborer, or scholar, or mortal of whatever age, sex, or degree, drew a +chair beside him and looked into his glowing face, how acute, how +profound, how comprehensive was his sympathy with the mood of each and +all! He pictured forth their very thoughts. To the youthful he showed +the scenes of the adventurous life before them; to the aged the shadows +of departed love and hope; and, if all earthly things had grown +distasteful, he could gladden the fireside muser with golden glimpses +of a better world. And, amid this varied communion with the human soul, +how busily would the sympathizer, the deep moralist, the painter of +magic pictures, be causing the teakettle to boil! + +Nor did it lessen the charm of his soft, familiar courtesy and +helpfulness that the mighty spirit, were opportunity offered him, would +run riot through the peaceful house, wrap its inmates in his terrible +embrace, and leave nothing of them save their whitened bones. This +possibility of mad destruction only made his domestic kindness the more +beautiful and touching. It was so sweet of him, being endowed with such +power, to dwell day after day, and one long lonesome night after +another, on the dusky hearth, only now and then betraying his wild +nature by thrusting his red tongue out of the chimney-top! True, he had +done much mischief in the world, and was pretty certain to do more; but +his warm heart atoned for all. He was kindly to the race of man; and +they pardoned his characteristic imperfections. + +The good old clergyman, my predecessor in this mansion, was well +acquainted with the comforts of the fireside. His yearly allowance of +wood, according to the terms of his settlement, was no less than sixty +cords. Almost an annual forest was converted from sound oak logs into +ashes, in the kitchen, the parlor, and this little study, where now an +unworthy successor, not in the pastoral office, but merely in his +earthly abode, sits scribbling beside an air-tight stove. I love to +fancy one of those fireside days while the good man, a contemporary of +the Revolution, was in his early prime, some five-and-sixty years ago. +Before sunrise, doubtless, the blaze hovered upon the gray skirts of +night and dissolved the frostwork that had gathered like a curtain over +the small window-panes. There is something peculiar in the aspect of +the morning fireside; a fresher, brisker glare; the absence of that +mellowness which can be produced only by half-consumed logs, and +shapeless brands with the white ashes on them, and mighty coals, the +remnant of tree-trunks that the hungry, elements have gnawed for hours. +The morning hearth, too, is newly swept, and the brazen andirons well +brightened, so that the cheerful fire may see its face in them. Surely +it was happiness, when the pastor, fortified with a substantial +breakfast, sat down in his arm-chair and slippers and opened the Whole +Body of Divinity, or the Commentary on Job, or whichever of his old +folios or quartos might fall within the range of his weekly sermons. It +must have been his own fault if the warmth and glow of this abundant +hearth did not permeate the discourse and keep his audience comfortable +in spite of the bitterest northern blast that ever wrestled with the +church-steeple. He reads while the heat warps the stiff covers of the +volume; he writes without numbness either in his heart or fingers; and, +with unstinted hand, he throws fresh sticks of wood upon the fire. + +A parishioner comes in. With what warmth of benevolence—how should he +be otherwise than warm in any of his attributes?—does the minister bid +him welcome, and set a chair for him in so close proximity to the +hearth, that soon the guest finds it needful to rub his scorched shins +with his great red hands! The melted snow drips from his steaming boots +and bubbles upon the hearth. His puckered forehead unravels its +entanglement of crisscross wrinkles. We lose much of the enjoyment of +fireside heat without such an opportunity of marking its genial effect +upon those who have been looking the inclement weather in the face. In +the course of the day our clergyman himself strides forth, perchance to +pay a round of pastoral visits; or, it may he, to visit his mountain of +a wood-pile and cleave the monstrous logs into billets suitable for the +fire. He returns with fresher life to his beloved hearth. During the +short afternoon the western sunshine comes into the study and strives +to stare the ruddy blaze out of countenance but with only a brief +triumph, soon to be succeeded by brighter glories of its rival. +Beautiful it is to see the strengthening gleam, the deepening light +that gradually casts distinct shadows of the human figure, the table, +and the high-backed chairs upon the opposite wall, and at length, as +twilight comes on, replenishes the room with living radiance and makes +life all rose-color. Afar the wayfarer discerns the flickering flame as +it dances upon the windows, and hails it as a beacon-light of humanity, +reminding him, in his cold and lonely path, that the world is not all +snow, and solitude, and desolation. At eventide, probably, the study +was peopled with the clergyman’s wife and family, and children tumbled +themselves upon the hearth-rug, and grave puss sat with her back to the +fire, or gazed, with a semblance of human meditation, into its fervid +depths. Seasonably the plenteous ashes of the day were raked over the +mouldering brands, and from the heap came jets of flame, and an incense +of night-long smoke creeping quietly up the chimney. + +Heaven forgive the old clergyman! In his later life, when for almost +ninety winters he had been gladdened by the firelight,—when it had +gleamed upon him from infancy to extreme age, and never without +brightening his spirits as well as his visage, and perhaps keeping him +alive so long,—he had the heart to brick up his chimney-place and bid +farewell to the face of his old friend forever, why did he not take an +eternal leave of the sunshine too? His sixty cords of wood had probably +dwindled to a far less ample supply in modern times; and it is certain +that the parsonage had grown crazy with time and tempest and pervious +to the cold; but still it was one of the saddest tokens of the decline +and fall of open fireplaces that, the gray patriarch should have +deigned to warm himself at an air-tight stove. + +And I, likewise,—who have found a home in this ancient owl’s-nest since +its former occupant took his heavenward flight,—I, to my shame, have +put up stoves in kitchen and parlor and chamber. Wander where you will +about the house, not a glimpse of the earth-born, heaven-aspiring fiend +of Ætna,—him that sports in the thunder-storm, the idol of the Ghebers, +the devourer of cities, the forest-rioter and prairie-sweeper, the +future destroyer of our earth, the old chimney-corner companion who +mingled himself so sociably with household joys and sorrows,—not a +glimpse of this mighty and kindly one will greet your eyes. He is now +an invisible presence. There is his iron cage. Touch it, and he +scorches your fingers. He delights to singe a garment or perpetrate any +other little unworthy mischief; for his temper is ruined by the +ingratitude of mankind, for whom he cherished such warmth of feeling, +and to whom he taught all their arts, even that of making his own +prison-house. In his fits of rage he puffs volumes of smoke and noisome +gas through the crevices of the door, and shakes the iron walls of his +dungeon so as to overthrow the ornamental urn upon its summit. We +tremble lest he should break forth amongst us. Much of his time is +spent in sighs, burdened with unutterable grief, and long drawn through +the funnel. He amuses himself, too, with repeating all the whispers, +the moans, and the louder utterances or tempestuous howls of the wind; +so that the stove becomes a microcosm of the aerial world. Occasionally +there are strange combinations of sounds,—voices talking almost +articulately within the hollow chest of iron,—insomuch that fancy +beguiles me with the idea that my firewood must have grown in that +infernal forest of lamentable trees which breathed their complaints to +Dante. When the listener is half asleep he may readily take these +voices for the conversation of spirits and assign them an intelligible +meaning. Anon there is a pattering noise,—drip, drip, drip,—as if a +summer shower were falling within the narrow circumference of the +stove. + +These barren and tedious eccentricities are all that the air-tight +stove can bestow in exchange for the invaluable moral influences which +we have lost by our desertion of the open fireplace. Alas! is this +world so very bright that we can afford to choke up such a domestic +fountain of gladsomeness, and sit down by its darkened source without +being conscious of a gloom? + +It is my belief that social intercourse cannot long continue what it +has been, now that we have subtracted from it so important and +vivifying an element as firelight. The effects will be more perceptible +on our children and the generations that shall succeed them than on +ourselves, the mechanism of whose life may remain unchanged, though its +spirit be far other than it was. The sacred trust of the household fire +has been transmitted in unbroken succession from the earliest ages, and +faithfully cherished in spite of every discouragement such as the +curfew law of the Norman conquerors, until in these evil days physical +science has nearly succeeded in extinguishing it. But we at least have +our youthful recollections tinged with the glow of the hearth, and our +life-long habits and associations arranged on the principle of a mutual +bond in the domestic fire. Therefore, though the sociable friend be +forever departed, yet in a degree he will be spiritually present with +us; and still more will the empty forms which were once full of his +rejoicing presence continue to rule our manners. We shall draw our +chairs together as we and our forefathers have been wont for thousands +of years back, and sit around some blank and empty corner of the room, +babbling with unreal cheerfulness of topics suitable to the homely +fireside. A warmth from the past—from the ashes of bygone years and the +raked-up embers of long ago—will sometimes thaw the ice about our +hearts; but it must be otherwise with our successors. On the most +favorable supposition, they will be acquainted with the fireside in no +better shape than that of the sullen stove; and more probably they will +have grown up amid furnace heat in houses which might be fancied to +have their foundation over the infernal pit, whence sulphurous steams +and unbreathable exhalations ascend through the apertures of the floor. +There will be nothing to attract these poor children to one centre. +They will never behold one another through that peculiar medium of +vision the ruddy gleam of blazing wood or bituminous coal—-which gives +the human spirit so deep an insight into its fellows and melts all +humanity into one cordial heart of hearts. Domestic life, if it may +still be termed domestic, will seek its separate corners, and never +gather itself into groups. The easy gossip; the merry yet unambitious +Jest; the life-like, practical discussion of real matters in a casual +way; the soul of truth which is so often incarnated in a simple +fireside word,—will disappear from earth. Conversation will contract +the air of debate, and all mortal intercourse be chilled with a fatal +frost. + +In classic times, the exhortation to fight “pro axis et focis,” for the +altars and the hearths, was considered the strongest appeal that could +be made to patriotism. And it seemed an immortal utterance; for all +subsequent ages and people have acknowledged its force and responded to +it with the full portion of manhood that nature had assigned to each. +Wisely were the altar and the hearth conjoined in one mighty sentence; +for the hearth, too, had its kindred sanctity. Religion sat down beside +it, not in the priestly robes which decorated and perhaps disguised her +at the altar, but arrayed in a simple matron’s garb, and uttering her +lessons with the tenderness of a mother’s voice and heart. The holy +hearth! If any earthly and material thing, or rather a divine idea +embodied in brick and mortar, might be supposed to possess the +permanence of moral truth, it was this. All revered it. The man who did +not put off his shoes upon this holy ground would have deemed it +pastime to trample upon the altar. It has been our task to uproot the +hearth. What further reform is left for our children to achieve, unless +they overthrow the altar too? And by what appeal hereafter, when the +breath of hostile armies may mingle with the pure, cold breezes of our +country, shall we attempt to rouse up native valor? Fight for your +hearths? There will be none throughout the land. FIGHT FOR YOUR STOVES! +Not I, in faith. If in such a cause I strike a blow, it shall be on the +invader’s part; and Heaven grant that it may shatter the abomination +all to pieces! + + + + +*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK FIRE WORSHIP *** + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will +be renamed. + +Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright +law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, +so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the +United States without permission and without paying copyright +royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part +of this license, apply to copying and distributing Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm +concept and trademark. 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