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+The Project Gutenberg eBook of Fire Worship, by Nathaniel Hawthorne
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and
+most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
+whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms
+of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
+www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you
+will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before
+using this eBook.
+
+Title: Fire Worship
+
+Author: Nathaniel Hawthorne
+
+Release Date: September 6, 2003 [eBook #9223]
+[Most recently updated: November 9, 2022]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: UTF-8
+
+Produced by: David Widger and Al Haines
+
+*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK FIRE WORSHIP ***
+
+
+
+
+Fire Worship
+
+by Nathaniel Hawthorne
+
+
+
+
+It is a great revolution in social and domestic life, and no less so in
+the life of a secluded student, this almost universal exchange of the
+open fireplace for the cheerless and ungenial stove. On such a morning
+as now lowers around our old gray parsonage, I miss the bright face of
+my ancient friend, who was wont to dance upon the hearth and play the
+part of more familiar sunshine. It is sad to turn from the cloudy sky
+and sombre landscape; from yonder hill, with its crown of rusty, black
+pines, the foliage of which is so dismal in the absence of the sun;
+that bleak pasture-land, and the broken surface of the potato-field,
+with the brown clods partly concealed by the snowfall of last night;
+the swollen and sluggish river, with ice-incrusted borders, dragging
+its bluish-gray stream along the verge of our orchard like a snake half
+torpid with the cold,—it is sad to turn from an outward scene of so
+little comfort and find the same sullen influences brooding within the
+precincts of my study. Where is that brilliant guest, that quick and
+subtle spirit, whom Prometheus lured from heaven to civilize mankind
+and cheer them in their wintry desolation; that comfortable inmate,
+whose smile, during eight months of the year, was our sufficient
+consolation for summer’s lingering advance and early flight? Alas!
+blindly inhospitable, grudging the food that kept him cheery and
+mercurial, we have thrust him into an iron prison, and compel him to
+smoulder away his life on a daily pittance which once would have been
+too scanty for his breakfast. Without a metaphor, we now make our fire
+in an air-tight stove, and supply it with some half a dozen sticks of
+wood between dawn and nightfall.
+
+I never shall be reconciled to this enormity. Truly may it be said that
+the world looks darker for it. In one way or another, here and there
+and all around us, the inventions of mankind are fast blotting the
+picturesque, the poetic, and the beautiful out of human life. The
+domestic fire was a type of all these attributes, and seemed to bring
+might and majesty, and wild nature and a spiritual essence, into our in
+most home, and yet to dwell with us in such friendliness that its
+mysteries and marvels excited no dismay. The same mild companion that
+smiled so placidly in our faces was he that comes roaring out of Ætna
+and rushes madly up the sky like a fiend breaking loose from torment
+and fighting for a place among the upper angels. He it is, too, that
+leaps from cloud to cloud amid the crashing thunder-storm. It was he
+whom the Gheber worshipped with no unnatural idolatry; and it was he
+who devoured London and Moscow and many another famous city, and who
+loves to riot through our own dark forests and sweep across our
+prairies, and to whose ravenous maw, it is said, the universe shall one
+day be given as a final feast. Meanwhile he is the great artisan and
+laborer by whose aid men are enabled to build a world within a world,
+or, at least, to smooth down the rough creation which Nature flung to
+it. He forges the mighty anchor and every lesser instrument; he drives
+the steamboat and drags the rail-car; and it was he—this creature of
+terrible might, and so many-sided utility and all-comprehensive
+destructiveness—that used to be the cheerful, homely friend of our
+wintry days, and whom we have made the prisoner of this iron cage.
+
+How kindly he was! and, though the tremendous agent of change, yet
+bearing himself with such gentleness, so rendering himself a part of
+all life-long and age-coeval associations, that it seemed as if he were
+the great conservative of nature. While a man was true to the fireside,
+so long would he be true to country and law, to the God whom his
+fathers worshipped, to the wife of his youth, and to all things else
+which instinct or religion has taught us to consider sacred. With how
+sweet humility did this elemental spirit perform all needful offices
+for the household in which he was domesticated! He was equal to the
+concoction of a grand dinner, yet scorned not to roast a potato or
+toast a bit of cheese. How humanely did he cherish the school-boy’s icy
+fingers, and thaw the old man’s joints with a genial warmth which
+almost equalled the glow of youth! And how carefully did he dry the
+cowhide boots that had trudged through mud and snow, and the shaggy
+outside garment stiff with frozen sleet! taking heed, likewise, to the
+comfort of the faithful dog who had followed his master through the
+storm. When did he refuse a coal to light a pipe, or even a part of his
+own substance to kindle a neighbor’s fire? And then, at twilight, when
+laborer, or scholar, or mortal of whatever age, sex, or degree, drew a
+chair beside him and looked into his glowing face, how acute, how
+profound, how comprehensive was his sympathy with the mood of each and
+all! He pictured forth their very thoughts. To the youthful he showed
+the scenes of the adventurous life before them; to the aged the shadows
+of departed love and hope; and, if all earthly things had grown
+distasteful, he could gladden the fireside muser with golden glimpses
+of a better world. And, amid this varied communion with the human soul,
+how busily would the sympathizer, the deep moralist, the painter of
+magic pictures, be causing the teakettle to boil!
+
+Nor did it lessen the charm of his soft, familiar courtesy and
+helpfulness that the mighty spirit, were opportunity offered him, would
+run riot through the peaceful house, wrap its inmates in his terrible
+embrace, and leave nothing of them save their whitened bones. This
+possibility of mad destruction only made his domestic kindness the more
+beautiful and touching. It was so sweet of him, being endowed with such
+power, to dwell day after day, and one long lonesome night after
+another, on the dusky hearth, only now and then betraying his wild
+nature by thrusting his red tongue out of the chimney-top! True, he had
+done much mischief in the world, and was pretty certain to do more; but
+his warm heart atoned for all. He was kindly to the race of man; and
+they pardoned his characteristic imperfections.
+
+The good old clergyman, my predecessor in this mansion, was well
+acquainted with the comforts of the fireside. His yearly allowance of
+wood, according to the terms of his settlement, was no less than sixty
+cords. Almost an annual forest was converted from sound oak logs into
+ashes, in the kitchen, the parlor, and this little study, where now an
+unworthy successor, not in the pastoral office, but merely in his
+earthly abode, sits scribbling beside an air-tight stove. I love to
+fancy one of those fireside days while the good man, a contemporary of
+the Revolution, was in his early prime, some five-and-sixty years ago.
+Before sunrise, doubtless, the blaze hovered upon the gray skirts of
+night and dissolved the frostwork that had gathered like a curtain over
+the small window-panes. There is something peculiar in the aspect of
+the morning fireside; a fresher, brisker glare; the absence of that
+mellowness which can be produced only by half-consumed logs, and
+shapeless brands with the white ashes on them, and mighty coals, the
+remnant of tree-trunks that the hungry, elements have gnawed for hours.
+The morning hearth, too, is newly swept, and the brazen andirons well
+brightened, so that the cheerful fire may see its face in them. Surely
+it was happiness, when the pastor, fortified with a substantial
+breakfast, sat down in his arm-chair and slippers and opened the Whole
+Body of Divinity, or the Commentary on Job, or whichever of his old
+folios or quartos might fall within the range of his weekly sermons. It
+must have been his own fault if the warmth and glow of this abundant
+hearth did not permeate the discourse and keep his audience comfortable
+in spite of the bitterest northern blast that ever wrestled with the
+church-steeple. He reads while the heat warps the stiff covers of the
+volume; he writes without numbness either in his heart or fingers; and,
+with unstinted hand, he throws fresh sticks of wood upon the fire.
+
+A parishioner comes in. With what warmth of benevolence—how should he
+be otherwise than warm in any of his attributes?—does the minister bid
+him welcome, and set a chair for him in so close proximity to the
+hearth, that soon the guest finds it needful to rub his scorched shins
+with his great red hands! The melted snow drips from his steaming boots
+and bubbles upon the hearth. His puckered forehead unravels its
+entanglement of crisscross wrinkles. We lose much of the enjoyment of
+fireside heat without such an opportunity of marking its genial effect
+upon those who have been looking the inclement weather in the face. In
+the course of the day our clergyman himself strides forth, perchance to
+pay a round of pastoral visits; or, it may he, to visit his mountain of
+a wood-pile and cleave the monstrous logs into billets suitable for the
+fire. He returns with fresher life to his beloved hearth. During the
+short afternoon the western sunshine comes into the study and strives
+to stare the ruddy blaze out of countenance but with only a brief
+triumph, soon to be succeeded by brighter glories of its rival.
+Beautiful it is to see the strengthening gleam, the deepening light
+that gradually casts distinct shadows of the human figure, the table,
+and the high-backed chairs upon the opposite wall, and at length, as
+twilight comes on, replenishes the room with living radiance and makes
+life all rose-color. Afar the wayfarer discerns the flickering flame as
+it dances upon the windows, and hails it as a beacon-light of humanity,
+reminding him, in his cold and lonely path, that the world is not all
+snow, and solitude, and desolation. At eventide, probably, the study
+was peopled with the clergyman’s wife and family, and children tumbled
+themselves upon the hearth-rug, and grave puss sat with her back to the
+fire, or gazed, with a semblance of human meditation, into its fervid
+depths. Seasonably the plenteous ashes of the day were raked over the
+mouldering brands, and from the heap came jets of flame, and an incense
+of night-long smoke creeping quietly up the chimney.
+
+Heaven forgive the old clergyman! In his later life, when for almost
+ninety winters he had been gladdened by the firelight,—when it had
+gleamed upon him from infancy to extreme age, and never without
+brightening his spirits as well as his visage, and perhaps keeping him
+alive so long,—he had the heart to brick up his chimney-place and bid
+farewell to the face of his old friend forever, why did he not take an
+eternal leave of the sunshine too? His sixty cords of wood had probably
+dwindled to a far less ample supply in modern times; and it is certain
+that the parsonage had grown crazy with time and tempest and pervious
+to the cold; but still it was one of the saddest tokens of the decline
+and fall of open fireplaces that, the gray patriarch should have
+deigned to warm himself at an air-tight stove.
+
+And I, likewise,—who have found a home in this ancient owl’s-nest since
+its former occupant took his heavenward flight,—I, to my shame, have
+put up stoves in kitchen and parlor and chamber. Wander where you will
+about the house, not a glimpse of the earth-born, heaven-aspiring fiend
+of Ætna,—him that sports in the thunder-storm, the idol of the Ghebers,
+the devourer of cities, the forest-rioter and prairie-sweeper, the
+future destroyer of our earth, the old chimney-corner companion who
+mingled himself so sociably with household joys and sorrows,—not a
+glimpse of this mighty and kindly one will greet your eyes. He is now
+an invisible presence. There is his iron cage. Touch it, and he
+scorches your fingers. He delights to singe a garment or perpetrate any
+other little unworthy mischief; for his temper is ruined by the
+ingratitude of mankind, for whom he cherished such warmth of feeling,
+and to whom he taught all their arts, even that of making his own
+prison-house. In his fits of rage he puffs volumes of smoke and noisome
+gas through the crevices of the door, and shakes the iron walls of his
+dungeon so as to overthrow the ornamental urn upon its summit. We
+tremble lest he should break forth amongst us. Much of his time is
+spent in sighs, burdened with unutterable grief, and long drawn through
+the funnel. He amuses himself, too, with repeating all the whispers,
+the moans, and the louder utterances or tempestuous howls of the wind;
+so that the stove becomes a microcosm of the aerial world. Occasionally
+there are strange combinations of sounds,—voices talking almost
+articulately within the hollow chest of iron,—insomuch that fancy
+beguiles me with the idea that my firewood must have grown in that
+infernal forest of lamentable trees which breathed their complaints to
+Dante. When the listener is half asleep he may readily take these
+voices for the conversation of spirits and assign them an intelligible
+meaning. Anon there is a pattering noise,—drip, drip, drip,—as if a
+summer shower were falling within the narrow circumference of the
+stove.
+
+These barren and tedious eccentricities are all that the air-tight
+stove can bestow in exchange for the invaluable moral influences which
+we have lost by our desertion of the open fireplace. Alas! is this
+world so very bright that we can afford to choke up such a domestic
+fountain of gladsomeness, and sit down by its darkened source without
+being conscious of a gloom?
+
+It is my belief that social intercourse cannot long continue what it
+has been, now that we have subtracted from it so important and
+vivifying an element as firelight. The effects will be more perceptible
+on our children and the generations that shall succeed them than on
+ourselves, the mechanism of whose life may remain unchanged, though its
+spirit be far other than it was. The sacred trust of the household fire
+has been transmitted in unbroken succession from the earliest ages, and
+faithfully cherished in spite of every discouragement such as the
+curfew law of the Norman conquerors, until in these evil days physical
+science has nearly succeeded in extinguishing it. But we at least have
+our youthful recollections tinged with the glow of the hearth, and our
+life-long habits and associations arranged on the principle of a mutual
+bond in the domestic fire. Therefore, though the sociable friend be
+forever departed, yet in a degree he will be spiritually present with
+us; and still more will the empty forms which were once full of his
+rejoicing presence continue to rule our manners. We shall draw our
+chairs together as we and our forefathers have been wont for thousands
+of years back, and sit around some blank and empty corner of the room,
+babbling with unreal cheerfulness of topics suitable to the homely
+fireside. A warmth from the past—from the ashes of bygone years and the
+raked-up embers of long ago—will sometimes thaw the ice about our
+hearts; but it must be otherwise with our successors. On the most
+favorable supposition, they will be acquainted with the fireside in no
+better shape than that of the sullen stove; and more probably they will
+have grown up amid furnace heat in houses which might be fancied to
+have their foundation over the infernal pit, whence sulphurous steams
+and unbreathable exhalations ascend through the apertures of the floor.
+There will be nothing to attract these poor children to one centre.
+They will never behold one another through that peculiar medium of
+vision the ruddy gleam of blazing wood or bituminous coal—-which gives
+the human spirit so deep an insight into its fellows and melts all
+humanity into one cordial heart of hearts. Domestic life, if it may
+still be termed domestic, will seek its separate corners, and never
+gather itself into groups. The easy gossip; the merry yet unambitious
+Jest; the life-like, practical discussion of real matters in a casual
+way; the soul of truth which is so often incarnated in a simple
+fireside word,—will disappear from earth. Conversation will contract
+the air of debate, and all mortal intercourse be chilled with a fatal
+frost.
+
+In classic times, the exhortation to fight “pro axis et focis,” for the
+altars and the hearths, was considered the strongest appeal that could
+be made to patriotism. And it seemed an immortal utterance; for all
+subsequent ages and people have acknowledged its force and responded to
+it with the full portion of manhood that nature had assigned to each.
+Wisely were the altar and the hearth conjoined in one mighty sentence;
+for the hearth, too, had its kindred sanctity. Religion sat down beside
+it, not in the priestly robes which decorated and perhaps disguised her
+at the altar, but arrayed in a simple matron’s garb, and uttering her
+lessons with the tenderness of a mother’s voice and heart. The holy
+hearth! If any earthly and material thing, or rather a divine idea
+embodied in brick and mortar, might be supposed to possess the
+permanence of moral truth, it was this. All revered it. The man who did
+not put off his shoes upon this holy ground would have deemed it
+pastime to trample upon the altar. It has been our task to uproot the
+hearth. What further reform is left for our children to achieve, unless
+they overthrow the altar too? And by what appeal hereafter, when the
+breath of hostile armies may mingle with the pure, cold breezes of our
+country, shall we attempt to rouse up native valor? Fight for your
+hearths? There will be none throughout the land. FIGHT FOR YOUR STOVES!
+Not I, in faith. If in such a cause I strike a blow, it shall be on the
+invader’s part; and Heaven grant that it may shatter the abomination
+all to pieces!
+
+
+
+
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