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diff --git a/9078-h/9078-h.htm b/9078-h/9078-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6e6499d --- /dev/null +++ b/9078-h/9078-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,21886 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html> +<html lang="en"> + <head> + <meta charset="UTF-8"> + <title> + Sanders' Union Fourth Reader | Project Gutenberg + </title> + <link rel="icon" href="images/cover.jpg" type="image/x-cover"> + <style> + * { font-family: Times;} + P { text-indent: 1em; + margin-top: .25em; + font-size: 16pt; + text-align: justify; + margin-bottom: .75em; } + P.rauth { text-align: right; + margin-top: 0em; + margin-bottom: 0em; + font-size: 14pt; } + OL,LI { font-size: 16pt; } + PRE { font-family: monospaced; + font-size: 14pt; + margin-left: 1em; } + PRE.diagram { margin: 0em; line-height: 80%; } + SPAN.sm-caps { font-size: 90%; text-decoration: none; } + SPAN.lg-caps { font-size: 120%; text-decoration: none; } + .vocab { font-size: 90%; + margin-left: 3em; + text-indent: 0em; + margin-bottom: 1em; } + .center {text-align: center;} + .question { font-size: 90%; + margin-left: 0em; + margin-top: 3em; + text-indent: 1em; } + H1,H2,H3,H4,H5,H6 { text-align: center; } + HR { width: 33%; } + .w15 {width: 15%;} + </style> + </head> + <body> + +<div style='text-align:center; font-size:1.2em; font-weight:bold'>The Project Gutenberg eBook of Sanders' Union Fourth Reader, by Charles W. Sanders</div> +<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and +most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions +whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms +of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online +at <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a>. If you +are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the +country where you are located before using this eBook. +</div> +<div style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Title: Sanders' Union Fourth Reader</div> +<div style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Author: Charles W. Sanders</div> +<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Release Date: September 3, 2003 [eBook #9078]<br> +[Most recently updated: September 10, 2023]</div> +<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Language: English</div> +<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Character set encoding: UTF-8</div> +<div style='display:block; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Produced by: David Garcia, Tonya Allen, Charles Franks, and the Distributed Proofreaders +</div> +<div style='margin-top:2em; margin-bottom:4em'>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SANDERS' UNION FOURTH READER ***</div> + + + <h1> + SANDERS' UNION FOURTH READER: + </h1> + <span class="center"> + <b>EMBRACING A FULL EXPOSITION OF THE<br> + PRINCIPLES OF RHETORICAL READING;<br> + WITH<br> + NUMEROUS EXERCISES FOR PRACTICE,<br> + BOTH IN PROSE AND POETRY, VARIOUS IN STYLE, AND CAREFULLY + ADAPTED TO THE PURPOSES OF TEACHING IN SCHOOLS OF EVERY + GRADE.<br> + BY CHARLES W. SANDERS, A.M.</b> + </span><br> + <br> + <span class="center"> + [Transcriber's Note: Advertising page of other Sanders' + Readers removed.] + </span> + <p> + + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <h2> + PREFACE. + </h2> + <p> + THIS FOURTH READER is designed to pass the pupil from the + comparatively easy ground occupied by the THIRD to the more + difficult course embraced in THE UNION FIFTH READER, which is + next higher in the series. It is, therefore, carefully graded + to this intermediate position. + </p> + <p> + In one sense, however, it is the most important in the set; + since the great mass of pupils, in our common schools, are + drawn away from scholastic pursuits long before the proper + time for entering upon any course of reading more advanced + than that which is here presented. This consideration has had + its full weight in the preparation of the following pages. + </p> + <p> + Every exercise will be found to bear the impress of that + special adaptation to the purposes of teaching, without which + no book of this kind can fully perform the office which it + assumes. The labor expended in this direction, though all + unseen by the casual observer, has been neither light nor + brief. It can be duly appreciated by none but the experienced + teacher. + </p> + <p> + All words in the exercises, requiring explanation, have been + arranged, as regular lessons in spelling and definition. In + these definitions, however, it must be kept in mind, that no + attempt has been made to give <i>all the meanings of which a + word is susceptible, but that only which it bears in the + particular place in the exercise where it is found.</i> There + is a special educational advantage in thus leading the mind + of the pupil definitely to fix upon the <i>precise import</i> + of a word, in some particular use or application of it. + </p> + <p> + All proper names occurring in the text, and at all likely to + embarrass the learner, have been explained in brief, + comprehensive notes. These notes involve many matters, + Geographical, Biographical, and Historical, which are not a + little interesting in themselves, aside from the special + purpose subserved by them in the present connection. + </p> + <p> + All this has been done, and more, in order to secure that + kind of interest in the exercises which comes of reading what + is clearly understood; and because no perfect reading is + possible, where the reader himself fails to perceive the + meaning of what he reads. + </p> + <p> + In the selection and adaptation of the pieces, the highest + aim has been to make and to leave the best moral impression; + and this, not by dull and formal teachings, but by the + pleasanter, and, therefore, more powerful, means of + incidental and unexpected suggestion. Admonition is then most + likely to be heeded, when it comes through the channel of + events and circumstances. + </p> + <p> + The direct and ostensible aim of the book, however, has been + kept steadily in view; which is to furnish the best possible + exercises for practice in Rhetorical reading. To this end, + the greatest variety of style and sentiment has been sought. + There is scarcely a tone or modulation, of which the human + voice is capable, that finds not here some piece adapted + precisely to its best expression. There is not an inflection, + however delicate, not an emphasis, however slight, however + strong, that does not here meet with something fitted well + for its amplest illustration. No tenderness of pathos, no + earnestness of thought, no play of wit, no burst of passion, + is there, perhaps, of which the accomplished teacher of + Elocution may not find the proper style of expression in + these pages, and, consequently, the best examples for the + illustration of his art. + </p> + <p> + The book, thus briefly described, is, therefore, given to the + public with the same confidence that has hitherto inspired + the author in similar efforts, and with the hope that it may + reach even a higher measure of usefulness than that attained + by any of its predecessors, in the long line of works which + he has prepared for the use of schools. + </p> + <p> + NEW YORK, April, 1863. + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <h2> + CONTENTS. + </h2> + <hr> + <h3> + PART FIRST.<br> + ELOCUTION. + </h3><a href="#sect1">SECTION I.—ARTICULATION</a> + <pre> + ELEMENTARY SOUNDS OF THE LETTERS + SUBSTITUTES FOR THE VOWEL ELEMENTS + SUBSTITUTES FOR THE CONSONANT ELEMENTS + ERRORS IN ARTICULATION + COMBINATIONS OF CONSONANTS + EXAMPLES TO ILLUSTRATE INDISTINCT ARTICULATION + MISCELLANEOUS EXAMPLES +</pre><a href="#sect2">SECTION II—ACCENT AND EMPHASIS</a> + <pre> + EXAMPLES OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY ACCENT + EXAMPLES OF INTENSIVE EMPHASIS + EXAMPLES OF ABSOLUTE EMPHASIS + EXAMPLES OF ANTITHETIC EMPHASIS +</pre><a href="#sect3">SECTION III.—INFLECTIONS</a> + <pre> + MONOTONE + RISING AND FALLING INFLECTIONS + RULES FOR THE USE OF INFLECTIONS + THE CIRCUMFLEX +</pre><a href="#sect4">SECTION IV.—MODULATION</a> + <pre> + PITCH OF VOICE + QUANTITY + RULES FOR QUANTITY + QUALITY + RULES FOR QUALITY +</pre><a href="#modnote">NOTATION IN MODULATION</a> + <pre> + EXAMPLES FOR EXERCISE IN MODULATION + SECTION V.—THE RHETORICAL PAUSE +</pre> + <h3> + PART SECOND. + </h3> + <p> + 1. <a href="#lesson1">TRUE HEROISM</a>, <i>Adapted. + Osborne</i> + </p> + <p> + 2. <a href="#lesson2">YOU AND I</a>, <i>Charles Mackay</i> + </p> + <p> + 3. <a href="#lesson3">LIFE'S WORK</a> + </p> + <p> + 4. <a href="#lesson4">THE YOUNG CAPTIVES</a> + </p> + <p> + 5. <a href="#lesson5">MY MOTHER'S LAST KISS</a>, <i>Mrs. E. + Oakes Smith</i> + </p> + <p> + 6. <a href="#lesson6">THE DEAD CHILD'S FORD</a>, <i>Mrs. E. + Oakes Smith</i> + </p> + <p> + 7. <a href="#lesson7">LAME AND LAZY—<i>A Fable</i></a> + </p> + <p> + 8. <a href="#lesson8">FAITHFULNESS IN LITTLE THINGS</a>, + <i>Adapted, Eliza A. Chase</i> + </p> + <p> + 9. <a href="#lesson9">THE AMERICAN BOY</a> + </p> + <p> + 10. <a href="#lesson10">THE SAILOR BOY'S SONG</a> + </p> + <p> + 11. <a href="#lesson11">CHASE OF THE PET FAWN</a>, + <i>Adapted. Miss Cooper</i> + </p> + <p> + 12. <a href="#lesson12">KINDNESS</a> + </p> + <p> + 13. <a href="#lesson13">CARELESS WORDS</a> + </p> + <p> + 14. <a href="#lesson14">WEBSTER AND THE WOODCHUCK</a>, + <i>Adapted. Boston Traveler</i> + </p> + <p> + 15. <a href="#lesson15">DO IT YOURSELF</a> + </p> + <p> + 16. <a href="#lesson16">BETTER LATE THAN NEVER</a> + </p> + <p> + 17. <a href="#lesson17">THE ADOPTED CHILD</a>, <i>Mrs. + Hemans</i> + </p> + <p> + 18. <a href="#lesson18">THE OLD EAGLE TREE</a>, <i>Rev. John + Todd</i> + </p> + <p> + 19. <a href="#lesson19">THE LIGHT OF KNOWLEDGE</a>, <i>Elihu + Burritt</i> + </p> + <p> + 20. <a href="#lesson20">NIGHT'S LESSONS</a>, <i>L.H. + Sigourney</i> + </p> + <p> + 21. <a href="#lesson21">NATURE'S TEACHINGS</a>, <i>Chambers' + Journal</i> + </p> + <p> + 22. <a href="#lesson22">SOWING AND HARVESTING</a>, + <i>Anon.</i> + </p> + <p> + 23. <a href="#lesson23">A THRILLING INCIDENT</a>, <i>Adapted. + Anon.</i> + </p> + <p> + 24. <a href="#lesson24">THE TRUTHFUL KING</a> + </p> + <p> + 25. <a href="#lesson25">WHEN SHALL I ANSWER, NO</a>, <i>J.N. + McElligott</i> + </p> + <p> + 26. <a href="#lesson26">TO MASTER ROBERT AND JOHN</a>, + <i>Davis</i> + </p> + <p> + 27. <a href="#lesson27">WHANG, THE MILLER</a>, + <i>Goldsmith</i> + </p> + <p> + 28. <a href="#lesson28">CHIMNEY-SWALLOWS</a>, <i>Henry Ward + Beecher</i> + </p> + <p> + 29. <a href="#lesson29">THE DOUBTING HEART</a>, <i>Adelaide + Procter</i> + </p> + <p> + 30. <a href="#lesson30">THE COMING OF WINTER</a>, <i>T.B. + Read</i> + </p> + <p> + 31. <a href="#lesson31">CHILD TIRED OF PLAY</a>, <i>N.P. + Willis</i> + </p> + <p> + 32. <a href="#lesson32">THE RESCUE</a>, <i>By a Sea + Captain</i> + </p> + <p> + 33. <a href="#lesson33">ROBERT BRUCE AND THE SCOTCH WOMAN</a> + </p> + <p> + 34. <a href="#lesson34">ROBERT BRUCE AND THE SPIDER</a>, + <i>Bernard Barton</i> + </p> + <p> + 35. <a href="#lesson35">WEALTH AND FASHION</a> + </p> + <p> + 36. <a href="#lesson36">MY FIRST JACK-KNIFE</a> + </p> + <p> + 37. <a href="#lesson37">THE PINE-TREE SHILLINGS</a>, + <i>Nathaniel Hawthorne</i> + </p> + <p> + 38. <a href="#lesson38">HIAWATHA'S HUNTING</a>, + <i>Longfellow</i> + </p> + <p> + 39. <a href="#lesson39">DESPERATE ENCOUNTER WITH A + PANTHER</a>, <i>Bk. of Adventures</i> + </p> + <p> + 40. <a href="#lesson40">THE POWER OF HABIT</a>, <i>John B. + Gough</i> + </p> + <p> + 41. <a href="#lesson41">THE DRUNKARD'S DAUGHTER</a> + </p> + <p> + 42. <a href="#lesson42">THE TWO YOUNG TRAVELERS</a>, + <i>Adapted. Merry's Museum</i> + </p> + <p> + 43. <a href="#lesson43">HIGHER!</a> + </p> + <p> + 44. <a href="#lesson44">LABOR</a>, <i>Caroline F. Orne</i> + </p> + <p> + 45. <a href="#lesson45">THE AMBITIOUS APPRENTICE</a> + </p> + <p> + 46. <a href="#lesson46">SO WAS FRANKLIN</a>, <i>Anon.</i> + </p> + <p> + 47. <a href="#lesson47">NOW AND THEN</a>, <i>Jane Taylor</i> + </p> + <p> + 48. <a href="#lesson48">AN INGENIOUS STRATAGEM</a>, <i>Days + of Washington</i> + </p> + <p> + 49. <a href="#lesson49">FRANCES SLOCUM, THE YOUNG + CAPTIVE</a>, <i>B.J. Lossing</i> + </p> + <p> + 50. <a href="#lesson50">THE RAIN-DROPS</a>, <i>Delia Louise + Colton</i> + </p> + <p> + 51. <a href="#lesson51">SMALL THINGS</a>, <i>F. Bennoch</i> + </p> + <p> + 52. <a href="#lesson52">MURDERER'S CREEK</a>, <i>James K. + Paulding</i> + </p> + <p> + 53. <a href="#lesson53">NAPOLEON'S ARMY CROSSING THE + ALPS</a>, <i>Adapted. Anon.</i> + </p> + <p> + 54. <a href="#lesson54">WHERE THERE'S A WILL THERE'S A + WAY</a>, <i>Eliza Cook</i> + </p> + <p> + 55. <a href="#lesson55">"I CAN"</a> + </p> + <p> + 56. <a href="#lesson56">NOW, TO-DAY</a>, <i>Adelaide A. + Procter</i> + </p> + <p> + 57. <a href="#lesson57">CAPTURE OF MAJOR ANDRE</a> + </p> + <p> + 58. <a href="#lesson58">BENEDICT ARNOLD</a> + </p> + <p> + 59. <a href="#lesson59">BEHIND TIME</a>, <i>Freeman Hunt</i> + </p> + <p> + 60. <a href="#lesson60">HOW HAPPY I'LL BE</a> + </p> + <p> + 61. <a href="#lesson61">THE SWORD OF BUNKER HILL</a>, + <i>William R. Wallace</i> + </p> + <p> + 62. <a href="#lesson62">BIBLE LEGEND OF THE WISSAHIKON</a>, + <i>Lippard</i> + </p> + <p> + 63. <a href="#lesson63">ADVICE TO THE YOUNG</a>, <i>E.H. + Chapin</i> + </p> + <p> + 64. <a href="#lesson64">THE INTREPID YOUTH</a> + </p> + <p> + 65. <a href="#lesson65">THE FOUR MISFORTUNES</a>, <i>John G. + Saxe</i> + </p> + <p> + 66. <a href="#lesson66">MRS. CREDULOUS AND THE + FORTUNE-TELLER</a> + </p> + <p> + 67. <a href="#lesson67">FAITH, HOPE, AND + CHARITY</a>—<i>An Allegory</i> + </p> + <p> + 68. <a href="#lesson68">NOT TO MYSELF ALONE</a>, <i>S.W. + Partridge</i> + </p> + <p> + 69. <a href="#lesson69">THE WORLD WOULD BE THE BETTER FOR + IT</a>, <i>W.H. Cobb</i> + </p> + <p> + 70. <a href="#lesson70">SELECT PROVERBS OF SOLOMON</a>, + <i>Bible</i> + </p> + <p> + 71. <a href="#lesson71">WINTER BEAUTY</a>, <i>Henry Ward + Beecher</i> + </p> + <p> + 72. <a href="#lesson72">FROSTED TREES</a> + </p> + <p> + 73. <a href="#lesson73">THE MOUNTAINS OF LIFE</a>, <i>James + G. Clark</i> + </p> + <p> + 74. <a href="#lesson74">IMAGINARY EVILS</a>, <i>Chas. + Swain</i> + </p> + <p> + 75. <a href="#lesson75">SIR WALTER AND THE LION</a>, <i>A. + Walchner</i> + </p> + <p> + 76. <a href="#lesson76">CHOICE EXTRACTS</a> + </p> + <pre> + I. WHAT REALLY BENEFITS US. + II. GOD'S LOVE. + III. LIFE-WORK. + IV. HUMILITY. + V. BENEFITS OF ADVERSITY. + VI. OUR MOUNTAIN HOMES. + VII. MAKE A BEGINNING. + VIII. INFLUENCE. + IX. PLEASURE IN ACQUIRING KNOWLEDGE. + X. WHAT IS FAME? + XI. CULTIVATED INTELLECT. + XII. GOD'S WORKS ATTEST HIS GREATNESS. +</pre> + <p> + 77. <a href="#lesson77">CAPTURE OF THE WHALE</a> + </p> + <p> + 78. <a href="#lesson78">LEAVES FROM AN AERONAUT</a>, + <i>Willis Gaylord Clark</i> + </p> + <p> + 79. <a href="#lesson79">THE DAPPLE MARE</a>, <i>John G. + Saxe</i> + </p> + <p> + 80. <a href="#lesson80">A LEAP FOR LIFE</a>, <i>George P. + Morris</i> + </p> + <p> + 81. <a href="#lesson81">THE INDIAN BRIDE'S REVENGE</a>, + <i>Adapted. L.M. Stowell</i> + </p> + <p> + 82. <a href="#lesson82">A MOTHER'S LOVE</a>, <i>Albert + Barnes</i> + </p> + <p> + 83. <a href="#lesson83">THE LIFE-BOOK</a>, <i>Home + Journal</i> + </p> + <p> + 84. <a href="#lesson84">ODE ON SOLITUDE</a>, <i>Pope</i> + </p> + <p> + 85. <a href="#lesson85">GETTING THE RIGHT START</a>, <i>J.G. + Holland</i> + </p> + <p> + 86. <a href="#lesson86">THE PRESUMPTION OF YOUTH</a>, + <i>Rollin</i> + </p> + <p> + 87. <a href="#lesson87">SONG OF THE AMERICAN EAGLE</a> + </p> + <p> + 89. <a href="#lesson89">LAST CRUISE OF THE MONITOR</a>, + <i>Adapted. Grenville M. Weeks</i> + </p> + <p> + 90. <a href="#lesson90">DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF + WOMEN</a>, <i>Gail Hamilton</i> + </p> + <p> + 91. <a href="#lesson91">SCENE FROM WILLIAM TELL</a>, <i>J. + Sheridan Knowles</i> + </p> + <p> + 92. <a href="#lesson92">THE RICH MAN AND THE POOR MAN</a>, + <i>Khemnitzer</i> + </p> + <p> + 93. <a href="#lesson93">GRANDEUR OF THE OCEAN</a>, <i>Walter + Colton</i> + </p> + <p> + 94. <a href="#lesson94">A BURIAL AT SEA</a>, <i>Walter + Colton</i> + </p> + <p> + 95. <a href="#lesson95">THE TREASURES OF THE DEEP</a>, + <i>Mrs. Hemans</i> + </p> + <p> + 96. <a href="#lesson96">THE BRIDGE OF SIGHS</a>, <i>Thomas + Hood</i> + </p> + <p> + 97. <a href="#lesson97">A REQUIEM</a> + </p> + <p> + 98. <a href="#lesson98">VISIT TO MOUNT VERNON</a>, <i>A.C. + Ritchie</i> + </p> + <p> + 99. <a href="#lesson99">LA FAYETTE</a>, <i>Charles + Sprague</i> + </p> + <p> + 100. <a href="#lesson100">THE MYSTIC WEAVER</a>, <i>Rev. Dr. + Harbaugh</i> + </p> + <p> + 101. <a href="#lesson101">WORK AWAY</a>, <i>Harpers' + Magazine</i> + </p> + <p> + 102. <a href="#lesson102">QUEEN ISABELLA'S RESOLVE</a>, + <i>Vinet</i> + </p> + <p> + 103. <a href="#lesson103">DISCOVERY OF THE NEW WORLD</a>, + <i>Lamartine</i> + </p> + <p> + 104. <a href="#lesson104">THE RETURN OF COLUMBUS</a>, + <i>Vinet</i> + </p> + <p> + 105. <a href="#lesson105">TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO</a>, + <i>Grenville Mellen</i> + </p> + <p> + 106. <a href="#lesson106">PRESS ON</a>, <i>Park Benjamin</i> + </p> + <p> + 107. <a href="#lesson107">THE THREE FORMS OF NATURE</a>, + <i>From the French of Michelet</i> + </p> + <p> + 108. <a href="#lesson108">THE WHALE AND THE WHALER</a>, + <i>From the French of Michelet</i> + </p> + <p> + 109. <a href="#lesson109">RIENZI'S ADDRESS TO THE ROMANS</a>, + <i>Miss Mitford</i> + </p> + <p> + 110. <a href="#lesson110">SONG OF THE FORGE</a> + </p> + <p> + 111. <a href="#lesson111">CHOICE EXTRACTS</a> + </p> + <pre> + I. SWIFTNESS OF TIME. + II. THE SHIP OF STATE. + III. THE TRUE HERO. + IV. HEART ESSENTIAL TO GENIUS. + V. EDUCATION. + VI. VANITY OF WEALTH. + VII. CONSOLATION OF THE GOSPEL. + VIII. THE LIGHT OF HOPE. + IX. PAMPERING THE BODY AND STARVING THE SOUL. +</pre> + <p> + 112. <a href="#lesson112">WE ALL DO FADE AS A LEAF</a>, + <i>Gail Hamilton</i> + </p> + <p> + 113. <a href="#lesson113">TEACHINGS OF NATURE</a>, + <i>Pollok</i> + </p> + <p> + 114. <a href="#lesson114">PASSING UNDER THE ROD</a>, <i>Mary + S.B. Dana</i> + </p> + <p> + 115. <a href="#lesson115">THE PETULANT MAN</a>, + <i>Osborne</i> + </p> + <p> + 116. <a href="#lesson116">THE BRAHMIN AND THE ROGUES</a>, + <i>Versified by J.N. McElligott</i> + </p> + <p> + 117. <a href="#lesson117">LIVING WITHIN OUR MEANS</a>, + <i>S.W. Partridge</i> + </p> + <p> + 118. <a href="#lesson118">GRANDEUR OF THE UNIVERSE</a>, + <i>O.M. Mitchel</i> + </p> + <p> + 119. <a href="#lesson119">"WHOM HAVE I IN HEAVEN BUT + THEE?"</a>, <i>Pamelia S. Vining</i> + </p> + <p> + 120. <a href="#lesson120">THE MEMORY OF WASHINGTON</a>, + <i>Kossuth</i> + </p> + <p> + 121. <a href="#lesson121">THE LOST ONE'S LAMENT</a> + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <h2> + EXPLANATION OF THE PAUSES. + </h2> + <span class="center"> + <b>.</b> + </span> + <p> + The <b>Period</b> is the longest pause—a full stop. It + marks the end of a sentence, and shows the sense complete; + as, The sky is blue`. Pause the time of counting <i>six</i>, + and let the voice fall. + </p> + <span class="center"> + <b>?</b> + </span> + <p> + The <b>Interrogation</b> is used at the end of a question; + as, Is the sky blue´? If the question can be answered + by <i>yes</i> or <i>no</i>, the voice rises; if not, it + falls; as, Where is your map`;? Pause the time of counting + <i>six</i>. + </p> + <span class="center"> + <b>!</b> + </span> + <p> + The <b>Exclamation</b> denotes wonder, surprise, pain, or + joy; as, O´! what a sweet rose`! Pause the time of + counting <i>one</i>, after a single word, and let the voice + rise; but after a complete sentence, pause the time of + counting <i>six</i>, and let the voice fall. + </p> + <span class="center"> + <b>:</b> + </span> + <p> + The <b>Colon</b> is a pause shorter than the Period; as, The + sky is clear`: the sun shines. Pause the time of counting + <i>four</i>, and let the voice fall. + </p> + <span class="center"> + <b>;</b> + </span> + <p> + The <b>Semicolon</b> is a pause shorter than the Colon; as, + The rose is fair`; but it soon fades. Pause the time of + counting <i>two</i>, and let the voice fall. Sometimes the + voice should rise, as the sense may require. + </p> + <span class="center"> + <b>,</b> + </span> + <p> + The <b>Comma</b> is the shortest pause; as, Jane goes to + school´, and learns to read. Pause the time of counting + <i>one</i>, and keep the voice up. + </p> + <span class="center"> + <b>—</b> + </span> + <p> + The <b>Dash</b> denotes a sudden pause or change of subject; + as, I saw him—but what a sight! When the dash is used + after any other pause, the time of that pause is doubled. + </p> + <hr> + <h2> + EXPLANATION OF OTHER MARKS. + </h2> + <span class="center"> + <b>'</b> + </span> + <p> + The <b>Apostrophe</b> has the form of the comma. It denotes + the possessive case; as, John's book; also, that one or more + letters have been left out of a word; as, lov'd for loved. + </p> + <span class="center"> + <b>" "</b> + </span> + <p> + The <b>Quotation</b> includes a passage that is taken from + some other author or speaker; as, John said: "See my kite." + </p> + <span class="center"> + <b>( )</b> + </span> + <p> + The <b>Parenthesis</b> includes words not properly a part of + the main sentence; as, I like these people (who would not?) + very much. The words within the parenthesis should be read in + a lower tone of voice. + </p> + <span class="center"> + <b>[ ]</b> + </span> + <p> + The <b>Brackets</b> inclose words that serve to explain the + preceding word or sentence; as, James [the truthful boy] went + home. + </p> + <span class="center"> + <b>^</b> + </span> + <p> + The <b>Caret</b> shows where words are to be put in that have + been omitted by mistake; as, Live <sub>^</sub><sup>in</sup> + peace. + </p> + <span class="center"> + <b>¨</b> + </span> + <p> + The <b>Diæresis</b> is placed over the latter of two + vowels, to show that they belong to two distinct syllables; + as, aërial. + </p> + <span class="center"> + <b>-</b> + </span> + <p> + The <b>Hyphen</b> is used to connect compound words; as, + Well-doing; or the parts of a word separated at the end of a + line. + </p> + <span class="center"> + <b>⇒</b> + </span> + <p> + The <b>Index</b> points to something special or remarkable; + as, ⇒ Important News! + </p> + <span class="center"> + <b>*** ....</b> or <b>——</b> + </span> + <p> + The <b>Ellipsis</b> shows that certain words or letters have + been purposely omitted; as, K**g, k..g, or k--g, for king. + </p> + <span class="center"> + <b>¶</b> + </span> + <p> + The <b>Paragraph</b> denotes the beginning of a new subject. + It is chiefly used in the Bible; as, ¶ The same day came + to him, etc. + </p> + <span class="center"> + <b>§</b> + </span> + <p> + The <b>Section</b> is used to divide a book or chapter into + parts; as, §45. + </p> + <span class="center"> + <b>* † ‡</b> + </span> + <p> + The <b>Asterisk</b>, the <b>Obelisk</b>, the <b>Double + Dagger</b>, and sometimes other marks, [Footnote: For + instance: the Section mark, §, and the Parallel, ||.] + refer to notes in the margin. + </p> + <h2> + APPLICATIONS OF THE MARKS USED IN WRITING. + </h2> + <pre> +LINE + 1 My Young Friends´, never tell a falsehood`; but always + 2 speak the truth`; this is pleasing to your Maker. + 3 Do you read His holy word—the Bible´? O! remem- + 4 ber, that He has there said: "He that speaketh lies, shall + 5 not escape: he shall perish."* Remember, too, that the + 6 All-seeing God knows all that we say or do. + 7 ¶ Tho' wisdom's voice is seldom heard in k--g's + 8 palaces,—there have been <i>wise</i> kings, (<i>e.g.</i> Solomon,) who + 9 were lov'd and obey'd by their subjects.† + 10 Here, [i.e. in the U.S.,] we can not boast of our kings, + 11 princes, lords, &c.; yet we have had a PRESIDENT, who, + 12 in true greatness, surpass'ed them all; viz., the great + 13 WASHINGTON.—— ⇒ Washington feared and hon- + 14 ored God. + 15 § Section, ‡ Double Dagger, and || Parallel, are also used + 16 for reference to the margin. +</pre> + <hr> + <pre> + * Proverbs xix. 5 and 9. † 1 Kings. +</pre> + <p> + + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <h2> + PART FIRST.<br> + ELOCUTION. + </h2> + <p> + Elocution is the art of delivering written or extemporaneous + composition with force, propriety, and ease. + </p> + <p> + It deals, therefore, with words, not only as individuals, but + as members of a sentence, and parts of a connected discourse: + including every thing necessary to the just expression of the + sense. Accordingly, it demands, in a <i>special</i> manner, + attention to the following particulars; viz., ARTICULATION, + ACCENT, EMPHASIS, INFLECTION, MODULATION, and PAUSES. + </p> + <hr> + <a name="sect1"><!-- Marker --></a> + <h3> + SECTION I.<br> + ARTICULATION. + </h3> + <p> + Articulation is the art of uttering distinctly and justly the + letters and syllables constituting a word. + </p> + <p> + It deals, therefore, with the elements of words, just as + elocution deals with the elements of sentences: the one + securing the true enunciation of each letter, or combination + of letters, the other giving to each word, or combination of + words, such a delivery as best expresses the meaning of the + author. It is the basis of all good reading, and should be + carefully practiced by the learner. + </p> + <h4> + ELEMENTARY SOUNDS OF THE LETTERS. + </h4> + <table> + <tr> + <td colspan="3" class="center"> + VOWEL SOUNDS. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td colspan="3" class="center"> + TONICS. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td colspan="3"> + <hr> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + <i>Element</i>. + </td> + <td></td> + <td> + <i>Power</i>. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 1.—<sup>1</sup>A + </td> + <td> + as in + </td> + <td> + <i>A</i>pe. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 2.—<sup>2</sup>A + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + <i>A</i>rm. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 3.—<sup>3</sup>A + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + <i>A</i>ll. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 4.—<sup>4</sup>A + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + <i>A</i>t. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 5.—<sup>5</sup>A + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + C<i>a</i>re. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 6.—<sup>6</sup>A + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + <i>A</i>sk. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 7.—<sup>1</sup>E + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + <i>E</i>ve. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 8.—<sup>2</sup>E + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + <i>E</i>nd. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 9.—<sup>1</sup>I + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + <i>I</i>ce. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 10.—<sup>2</sup>I + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + <i>I</i>t. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 11.—<sup>1</sup>O + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + <i>O</i>ld. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 12.—<sup>2</sup>O + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + D<i>o</i>. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 13.—<sup>3</sup>O + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + <i>O</i>x. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 14.—<sup>1</sup>U + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + <i>U</i>se. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 15.—<sup>2</sup>U + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + <i>U</i>p. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 16.—<sup>3</sup>U + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + P<i>u</i>ll. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 17.—OI + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + O<i>i</i>l. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 18.—OU + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + O<i>u</i>t. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td colspan="3" class="center"> + CONSONANT SOUNDS. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td colspan="3" class="center"> + SUB-TONICS. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td colspan="3"> + <hr> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 19.—B + </td> + <td> + as in + </td> + <td> + <i>B</i>at. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 20.—D + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + <i>D</i>un. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 21.—G + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + <i>G</i>un. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 22.—J + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + <i>J</i>et. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 23.—L + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + <i>L</i>et. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 24.—M + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + <i>M</i>an. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 25.—N + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + <i>N</i>ot. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 26.—R + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + <i>R</i>un. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 27.—V + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + <i>V</i>ent. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 28.—W + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + <i>W</i>ent. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 29.—Y + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + <i>Y</i>es. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 30.—<sup>1</sup>Z + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + <i>Z</i>eal. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 31.—<sup>2</sup>Z + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + A<i>z</i>ure. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 32.—NG + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + Si<i>ng</i>. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 33.—TH + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + <i>Th</i>y. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td colspan="3" class="center"> + A-TONICS. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td colspan="3"> + <hr> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 34.—F + </td> + <td> + as in + </td> + <td> + <i>F</i>it. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 35.—H + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + <i>H</i>at. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 36.—K + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + <i>K</i>id. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 36.—P + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + <i>P</i>it. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 38.—S + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + <i>S</i>in. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 39.—T + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + <i>T</i>op. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 40.—CH + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + <i>Ch</i>at. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 41.—SH + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + <i>Sh</i>un. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 42.—TH + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + <i>Th</i>in. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + 43.—WH + </td> + <td> + " + </td> + <td> + <i>Wh</i>en. + </td> + </tr> + </table> + <hr> + <p> + 21: Soft G is equivalent to J; soft C to S, and hard C and Q + to K. X is equivalent to K and S, as in <i>box</i>, or to G + and Z as in <i>exalt</i>. + </p> + <p> + 42: WH is pronounced as if the H preceded W, otherwise it + would be pronounced <i>W hen</i>. R should be slightly + trilled before a vowel. For further instructions, see Sanders + and Merrill's Elementary and Elocutionary Chart. + </p> + <h4> + SUBSTITUTES FOR THE VOWEL ELEMENTS. + </h4> + <p> + For Long A. + </p> + <pre> +<i>ai</i> as in s<i>ai</i>l. +<i>au</i> " g<i>au</i>ge. +<i>ay</i> " l<i>ay</i>. +<i>ea</i> " gr<i>ea</i>t. +<i>ei</i> " d<i>ei</i>gn. +<i>ey</i> " th<i>ey</i>. +</pre> + <p> + For Flat A. + </p> + <pre> +<i>au</i> as in d<i>au</i>nt. +<i>ea</i> " h<i>ea</i>rt. +<i>ua</i> " g<i>ua</i>rd. +</pre> + <p> + For Broad A. + </p> + <pre> +<i>au</i> as in p<i>au</i>se. +<i>aw</i> " l<i>a</i>w. +<i>eo</i> " G<i>eo</i>rge. +<i>oa</i> " gr<i>oa</i>t. +<i>o</i> " h<i>o</i>rn. +<i>ou</i> " s<i>ou</i>ght. +</pre> + <p> + For Short A. + </p> + <pre> +<i>ai</i> as in pl<i>ai</i>d. +<i>ua</i> " g<i>ua</i>ranty. +</pre> + <p> + For Intermediate A. + </p> + <pre> +<i>ai</i> as in h<i>ai</i>r. +<i>ea</i> " b<i>ea</i>r. +<i>e</i> " wh<i>e</i>re. +<i>ei</i> " th<i>ei</i>r. +</pre> + <p> + For Long E. + </p> + <pre> +<i>ea</i> as in w<i>ea</i>k. +<i>ei</i> " s<i>ei</i>ze. +<i>eo</i> " p<i>eo</i>ple. +<i>ey</i> " k<i>ey</i>. +<i>ie</i> " br<i>ie</i>f. +<i>i</i> " p<i>i</i>que. +</pre> + <p> + For Short E. + </p> + <pre> +<i>a</i> as in <i>a</i>ny. +<i>ai</i> " s<i>ai</i>d. +<i>ay</i> " s<i>ay</i>s. +<i>ea</i> " d<i>ea</i>d. +<i>ei</i> " h<i>ei</i>fer. +<i>eo</i> " l<i>eo</i>pard. +<i>ie</i> " fr<i>ie</i>nd. +<i>ue</i> " g<i>ue</i>ss. +<i>u</i> " b<i>u</i>ry. +</pre> + <p> + For Long I. + </p> + <pre> +<i>ai</i> as in <i>ai</i>sle. +<i>ei</i> " sl<i>ei</i>ght. +<i>ey</i> " <i>ey</i>e. +<i>ie</i> " d<i>ie</i>. +<i>oi</i> " ch<i>oi</i>r. +<i>ui</i> " g<i>ui</i>de. +<i>uy</i> " b<i>uy</i>. +<i>y</i> " tr<i>y</i>. +</pre> + <p> + For Short I. + </p> + <pre> +<i>e</i> as in <i>E</i>nglish. +<i>ee</i> " b<i>ee</i>n. +<i>ie</i> " s<i>ie</i>ve. +<i>o</i> " w<i>o</i>men. +<i>u</i> " b<i>u</i>sy. +<i>ui</i> " b<i>ui</i>ld. +<i>y</i> " s<i>y</i>mbol. +</pre> + <p> + For Long O. + </p> + <pre> +<i>au</i> as in h<i>au</i>tboy. +<i>eau</i> " b<i>eau</i>. +<i>eo</i> " y<i>eo</i>man. +<i>ew</i> " s<i>ew</i>. +<i>oa</i> " b<i>oa</i>t. +<i>oe</i> " h<i>oe</i>. +<i>ou</i> " s<i>ou</i>l. +<i>ow</i> " fl<i>o</i>w. +</pre> + <p> + For Long Slender O. + </p> + <pre> +<i>oe</i> as in sh<i>oe</i>. +<i>ou</i> " s<i>ou</i>p. +</pre> + <p> + For Short O. + </p> + <pre> +<i>a</i> as in w<i>a</i>s. +<i>ou</i> " h<i>ou</i>gh. +<i>ow</i> " kn<i>ow</i>ledge. +</pre> + <p> + For Long U. + </p> + <pre> +<i>eau</i> as in b<i>eau</i>ty. +<i>eu</i> " f<i>eu</i>d. +<i>ew</i> " d<i>ew</i>. +<i>ieu</i> " ad<i>ieu</i>. +<i>ou</i> " y<i>ou</i>r. +<i>ue</i> " c<i>ue</i>. +<i>ui</i> " s<i>ui</i>t. +</pre> + <p> + For Short U. + </p> + <pre> +<i>e</i> as in h<i>e</i>r. +<i>i</i> " s<i>i</i>r. +<i>oe</i> " d<i>oe</i>s. +<i>o</i> " l<i>o</i>ve. +<i>ou</i> " y<i>ou</i>ng. +</pre> + <p> + For Short Slender U. + </p> + <pre> +<i>o</i> as in w<i>o</i>lf. +<i>ou</i> " w<i>ou</i>ld. +</pre> + <p> + For the Diphthong OI. + </p> + <pre> +<i>oy</i> as in j<i>oy</i>. +</pre> + <p> + For the Diphthong OU. + </p> + <pre> +<i>ow</i> as in n<i>ow</i>. +</pre> + <p> + There is no pure Triphthongal sound in the language. + <i>Buoy</i> is equivalent to <i>bwoy</i>. <i>U</i> being a + consonant. + </p> + <h4> + SUBSTITUTES FOR THE CONSONANT ELEMENTS. + </h4> + <p> + F. + </p> + <pre> +<i>gh</i> as in lau<i>gh</i>. +<i>ph</i> " s<i>ph</i>ere. +</pre> + <p> + J. + </p> + <pre> +<i>g</i> " <i>g</i>em. +</pre> + <p> + K. + </p> + <pre> +<i>c</i> " <i>c</i>an. +<i>ch</i> " <i>ch</i>ord. +<i>gh</i> " hou<i>gh</i>. +<i>q</i> " <i>q</i>uit. +</pre> + <p> + S. + </p> + <pre> +<i>c</i> " <i>c</i>ent. +</pre> + <p> + T. + </p> + <pre> +<i>d</i> " face<i>d</i>. +<i>phth</i> " <i>phth</i>isic. +</pre> + <p> + V. + </p> + <pre> +<i>f</i> " o<i>f</i>. +<i>ph</i> " Ste<i>ph</i>en. +</pre> + <p> + Y. + </p> + <pre> +<i>i</i> " val<i>i</i>ant. +</pre> + <p> + <sup>1</sup>Z. + </p> + <pre> +<i>c</i> " suffi<i>c</i>e. +<i>s</i> " wa<i>s</i>. +<i>x</i> " <i>X</i>erxes. +</pre> + <p> + <sup>2</sup>Z. + </p> + <pre> +<i>s</i> " trea<i>s</i>ure. +<i>z</i> " a<i>z</i>ure. +<i>si</i> " fu<i>si</i>on. +<i>zi</i> " gla<i>zi</i>er. +</pre> + <p> + NG. + </p> + <pre> +<i>n</i> " co<i>n</i>ch. +</pre> + <p> + SH. + </p> + <pre> +<i>ce</i> " o<i>ce</i>an. +<i>ci</i> " so<i>ci</i>al. +<i>ch</i> " <i>ch</i>aise. +<i>si</i> " pen<i>si</i>on. +<i>s</i> " <i>s</i>ure. +<i>ss</i> " i<i>ss</i>ue. +<i>ti</i> " no<i>ti</i>on. +</pre> + <p> + CH. + </p> + <pre> +<i>ti</i> " fus<i>ti</i>an. +</pre> + <p> + B, D, G, H, L, M, N, P, and R, have no substitutes. + </p> + <p> + The most common faults in ARTICULATION are + </p> + <p> + I. <i>The suppression of a syllable; as,</i> + </p> + <pre> +cab'n for cab-<i>i</i>n. +cap'n " cap-<i>tai</i>n. +barr'l " bar-r<i>e</i>l. +ev'ry " ev-<i>e</i>-ry. +hist'ry " his-t<i>o</i>-ry +reg'lar " reg-<i>u</i>-lar. +sev'ral " sev-<i>e</i>r-al. +rhet'ric " rhet-<i>o</i>-ric. +mem'ry " mem-<i>o</i>-ry. +jub'lee " ju-b<i>i</i>-lee. +trav'ler " trav-<i>e</i>l-er. +fam'ly " fam-<i>i</i>-ly. +vent'late " ven-t<i>i</i>-late. +des'late " des-<i>o</i>-late. +prob'ble " prob-<i>a</i>-ble. +par-tic'lar " par-tic-<i>u</i>-lar. +</pre> + <p> + II. <i>The omission of any sound properly belonging to a + word; as,</i> + </p> + <pre> +read-in for read-in<i>g</i>. +swif-ly " swif<i>t</i>-ly. +com-mans " com-man<i>d</i>s. +wam-er " wa<i>r</i>m-er. +um-ble " <i>h</i>um-ble. +ap-py " <i>h</i>ap-py. +con-sis " con-sis<i>t</i>s. +fa-t'l " fa-tal. +pr'-tect " pr<i>o</i>-tect. +b'low " b<i>e</i>-low. +p'r-vade " p<i>e</i>r-vade. +srink-in " s<i>h</i>rink-in<i>g</i>. +th'if-ty " th<i>r</i>if-ty. +as-ter-is " as-ter-is<i>k</i>. +gov-er-ment " gov-er<i>n</i>-ment. +Feb-u-ary " Feb-<i>r</i>u-a-ry. +</pre> + <p> + III. <i>The substitution of one sound for another; as,</i> + </p> + <pre> +<i>uf</i>-ford for <i>a</i>f-ford. +wil-l<i>e</i>r " wil-lo<i>w</i>. +sock-<i>i</i>t " sock-<i>et</i>. +fear-l<i>u</i>ss " fear-l<i>e</i>ss. +cul-t<i>e</i>r " cult-<i>u</i>re. +prod-u<i>x</i> " prod-u<i>cts</i>. +judg-m<i>u</i>nt " judg-m<i>e</i>nt. +chil-dr<i>i</i>n " chil-dr<i>e</i>n. +mod-<i>i</i>st " mod-<i>e</i>st. +<i>u</i>p-prove " <i>a</i>p-prove. +<i>w</i>in-e-gar " <i>v</i>in-e-gar. +sep-<i>e</i>-rate " sep-<i>a</i>-rate. +temp-er-<i>i</i>t " tem-per-<i>a</i>te. +croc-<i>e</i>r-dile " croc-<i>o</i>-dile. +t<i>u</i>b-ac-c<i>u</i>r " t<i>o</i>-bac-c<i>o</i>. +com-pr<i>u</i>m-ise " com-pr<i>o</i>-mise. +</pre> + <p> + IV. Produce the sounds denoted by the following combinations + of consonants:— + </p> + <p> + Let the pupil first produce the sound of the letters, and + then the word or words in which they occur. Be careful to + give a clear and distinct enunciation to every letter. + </p> + <ol> + <li> + <i>Bd</i>, as in ro<i>b'd</i>; <i>bdst</i>, + pro<i>b'dst</i>; <i>bl</i>, <i>bl</i> and, a<i>bl</i>e; + <i>bld</i>, hum-<i>bl'd; bldst</i>, trou<i>bl'dst</i>; + <i>blst</i>, trou<i>bl'st; blz</i>, crum<i>bles; br</i>, + <i>br</i>and; <i>bz</i>, ri<i>bs</i>. + </li> + <li> + <i>Ch</i>, as in <i>ch</i>ur<i>ch; cht</i>, fet<i>ch'd</i>. + </li> + <li> + <i>Dj</i>, as in e<i>dg</i>e; <i>djd</i>, he<i>dg'd; + dl</i>, bri<i>dle; dld</i>, rid<i>dl'd; dlst</i>, + han<i>dl'st</i>; <i>dlz</i>, bun<i>dles; dn</i>, har<i>d'n; + dr</i>, <i>dr</i>ove; <i>dth</i>, wi<i>dth; dths</i>, + brea<i>dths; dz</i>, o<i>dds</i>. + </li> + <li> + <i>Fl</i>, as in <i>fl</i>ame; <i>fld</i>, ri<i>fl'd</i>; + <i>flst</i>, sti<i>fl'st</i>; <i>flx</i>, ri<i>fles</i>; + <i>fr</i>, <i>fr</i>om; <i>fs</i>, qua<i>ffs</i>, + lau<i>ghs</i>; <i>fst</i>, lau<i>gh'st</i>, + qua<i>ff'st</i>; <i>ft</i>, ra<i>ft</i>; <i>fts</i>, + wa<i>fts; ftst</i>, gr<i>ft'st</i>. + </li> + <li> + <i>Gd</i>, as in beg<i>g'd</i>; <i>gdst</i>, brag<i>g'dst; + gl</i>, <i>gl</i>ide; <i>gld</i>, strug<i>gl'd; gldst</i>, + hag<i>gl'dst; gist</i>, stran<i>gl'st; glz</i>, min<i>gles; + gr, gr</i>ove; <i>gst</i>, beg<i>g'st; gz</i>, fi<i>gs</i>. + </li> + <li> + <i>Kl</i>, as in un<i>cle</i>, an<i>kle</i>; <i>kld</i>, + trick<i>l'd; kldst</i>, truck<i>l'dst; klst</i>, + chuc<i>kl'st; klz</i>, wrin<i>kles; kn</i>, blac<i>k'n; + knd</i>, rec<i>k'n'd; kndst</i>, rec<i>k'n'dst; knst</i>, + blac<i>k'n'st; knz</i>, rec<i>k'ns; kr, cr</i>ank; + <i>ks</i>, chec<i>ks; kt</i>, a<i>ct</i>. + </li> + <li> + <i>Lb</i>, as in bu<i>lb</i>; <i>lbd</i>, bu<i>lb'd; + lbs</i>, bu<i>lbs; lch</i>, fi<i>lch; lcht</i>, be<i>lch'd; + ld</i>, ho<i>ld; ldst</i>, fo<i>ld'st; ldz</i>, ho<i>lds; + lf</i>, se<i>lf; lfs</i>, gu<i>lfs; lj</i>, bu<i>lge; + lk</i>, e<i>lk; lks</i>, si<i>lks; lkt</i>, mi<i>lk'd; + lkts</i>, mu<i>lcts; lm</i>, e<i>lm; lmd</i>, whel<i>m'd; + lmz</i>, fi<i>lms; ln</i>, fa<i>ll'n;</i> <i>lp</i>, + he<i>lp</i>; <i>lps</i>, sca<i>lps</i>; <i>lpst</i>, + <i>help'st</i>; <i>ls</i>, fa<i>lse</i>; <i>lst</i>, + ca<i>ll'st</i>; <i>lt</i>, me<i>lt</i>; <i>lth</i>, + hea<i>lth</i>; <i>lths</i>, stea<i>lths</i>; <i>lts</i>, + co<i>lts</i>; <i>lv</i>, de<i>lve</i>; <i>lvd</i>, + she<i>lv'd</i>; <i>lvz</i>, el<i>ves</i>; <i>lz</i>, + ha<i>lls</i>. + </li> + <li> + <i>Md</i>, as in doo<i>m'd</i>; <i>mf</i>, triu<i>mph</i>; + <i>mp</i>, he<i>mp</i>; <i>mpt</i>, te<i>mpt</i>; + <i>mpts</i>, atte<i>mpts</i>; <i>mst</i>, ento<i>mb'st</i>; + <i>mz</i>, to<i>mbs</i>. + </li> + <li> + <i>Nch</i>, as in be<i>nch</i>; <i>ncht</i>, + pi<i>nch'd</i>; <i>nd</i>, a<i>nd</i>; <i>ndst</i>, + e<i>nd'st</i>; <i>ndz</i>, e<i>nds</i>; <i>ng</i>, + su<i>ng</i>; <i>ngd</i>, ba<i>nged</i>; <i>ngth</i>, + le<i>ngth</i>; <i>ngz</i>, so<i>ngs</i>; <i>nj</i>, + ra<i>nge</i>; <i>njd</i>, ra<i>ng'd</i>; <i>nk</i>, + i<i>nk</i>; <i>nks</i>, ra<i>nks</i>; <i>nkst</i>, + tha<i>nk'st</i>; <i>nst</i>, wi<i>ne'd</i>; <i>nt</i>, + se<i>nt</i>; <i>nts</i>, re<i>nts</i>; <i>ntst</i>, + we<i>nt'st</i>; <i>nz</i>, ru<i>ns</i>. + </li> + <li> + <i>Pl</i>, as in <i>pl</i>ume; <i>pld</i>, rip<i>pl'd</i>; + <i>plst</i>, rip<i>pl'st</i>; <i>plz</i>, ap<i>ples</i>; + <i>pr</i>, <i>pr</i>ince; <i>ps</i>, si<i>ps</i>; + <i>pst</i>, rap<i>p'st</i>; <i>pt</i>, rip<i>p'd</i>. + </li> + <li> + <i>Rb</i>, as in he<i>rb</i>; <i>rch</i>, sea<i>rch</i>; + <i>rcht</i>, chu<i>rch'd</i>; <i>rbd</i>, o<i>rbd</i>; + <i>rbdst</i>, ba<i>rb'dst</i>; <i>rbst</i>, + distu<i>rb'st</i>; <i>rbz</i>, o<i>rbs</i>; <i>rd</i>, + ha<i>rd</i>; <i>rdst</i>, hea<i>rd'st</i>; <i>rdz</i>, + wo<i>rds</i>; <i>rf</i>, tu<i>rf</i>; <i>rft</i>, + sca<i>rfd</i>; <i>rg</i>, bu<i>rg</i>; <i>rgz</i>, + bu<i>rgs</i>; <i>rj</i>, di<i>rge</i>; <i>rjd</i>, + u<i>rg'd</i>; <i>rk</i>, a<i>rk</i>; <i>rks</i>, + a<i>rks</i>; <i>rkst</i>, wo<i>rk'st</i>; <i>rkt</i>, + di<i>rk'd</i>; <i>rktst</i>, emba<i>rk'dst</i>; <i>rl</i>, + gi<i>rl</i>; <i>rld</i>, wo<i>rld</i>; <i>rldst</i>, + hu<i>rld'st</i>; <i>rlst</i>, whi<i>rl'st</i>; <i>rlz</i>, + hu<i>rls</i>; <i>rm</i>, a<i>rm</i>; <i>rmd</i>, + a<i>rm'd</i>; <i>rmdst</i>, ha<i>rm'dst</i>; <i>rmst</i>, + a<i>rm'st</i>; <i>rmz</i>, cha<i>rms</i>; <i>rn</i>, + tu<i>rn</i>; <i>rnd</i>, tu<i>rn'd</i>; <i>rndst</i>, + ea<i>rn'dst</i>; <i>rnst</i>, lea<i>rn'st</i>; <i>rnz</i>, + u<i>rns</i>; <i>rp</i>, ca<i>rp</i>; <i>rps</i>, + ha<i>rps</i>; <i>rpt</i>, wa<i>rp'd</i>; <i>rs</i>, + ve<i>rs</i>e; <i>rsh</i>, ha<i>rsh</i>; <i>rst</i>, + fi<i>rst</i>; <i>rsts</i>, bu<i>rsts</i>; <i>rt</i>, + da<i>rt</i>; <i>rth</i>, ea<i>rth</i>; <i>rths</i>, + bi<i>rths</i>; <i>rts</i>, ma<i>rts</i>; <i>rtst</i>, + da<i>rt'st</i>; <i>rv</i>, cu<i>rve</i>; <i>rvd</i>, + ne<i>rv'd</i>; <i>rvdst</i>, cu<i>rv'dst</i>; <i>rvst</i>, + swe<i>rv'st</i>; <i>rvz</i>, ne<i>rves</i>; <i>rz</i>, + e<i>rrs</i>. + </li> + <li> + <i>Sh</i>, as in <i>sh</i>ip; <i>sht</i>, hu<i>sh'd</i>; + <i>sk</i>, <i>sc</i>an, <i>sk</i>ip; <i>sks</i>, + tu<i>sks</i>; <i>skst</i>, fri<i>sk'st</i>; <i>skt</i>, + ri<i>sk'd</i>; <i>sl</i>, <i>sl</i>ow; <i>sld</i>, + ne<i>stl'd</i>; <i>slz</i>, we<i>stles</i>; <i>sm</i>, + <i>sm</i>ile; <i>sn</i>, <i>sn</i>ag; <i>sp</i>, + <i>sp</i>ort; <i>sps</i>, li<i>sps</i>; <i>spt</i>, + cla<i>sp'd</i>; <i>st</i>, <i>st</i>ag; <i>str</i>, + <i>str</i>ike; <i>sts</i>, re<i>sts</i>; <i>sw</i>, + <i>sw</i>ing. + </li> + <li> + <i>Th</i>, as in <i>th</i>ine, <i>th</i>in; <i>thd</i>, + brea<i>th'd</i>; <i>thr</i>, <i>thr</i>ee; <i>thst</i>, + brea<i>th'st</i>; <i>thw</i>, <i>thw</i>ack; <i>thz</i>, + wri<i>thes</i>; <i>tl</i>, ti<i>tle</i>; <i>tld</i>, + set<i>tl'd</i>; <i>tldst</i>, set<i>tl'dst</i>; + <i>tlst</i>,set<i>tl'st</i>; <i>tlz</i>, net<i>tles</i>; + <i>tr</i>, <i>tr</i>uuk; <i>ts</i>, fi<i>ts</i>; <i>tw</i>, + <i>tw</i>irl. + </li> + <li> + <i>Vd</i>, as in cur<i>v'd</i>; <i>vdst</i>, + li<i>v'dst</i>; <i>vl</i>, dri<i>v'l</i>; <i>vld</i>, + gro<i>v'l'd</i>; <i>vldst</i>, gro<i>v'l'dst</i>; + <i>vlst</i>, dri<i>v'l'st</i>; <i>un</i>, dri<i>v'n</i>; + <i>vst</i>, li<i>v'st</i>; <i>vz</i>, li<i>ves</i>. + </li> + <li> + <i>Wh</i>, as in <i>wh</i>en, <i>wh</i>ere. + </li> + <li> + <i>Zd</i>, as in mu<i>s'd</i>; <i>zl</i>, daz<i>zle</i>; + <i>zld</i>, muz<i>zl'd</i>; <i>zldst</i>, daz<i>zl'dst</i>; + <i>zlst</i>, daz<i>zl'st</i>; <i>zlz</i>, muz<i>zles</i>; + <i>zm</i>, spa<i>sm</i>; <i>zmz</i>, cha<i>sms</i>; + <i>zn</i>, ri<i>s'n</i>; <i>znd</i>, rea<i>s'n'd</i>; + <i>znz</i>, pri<i>s'nz</i>; <i>zndst</i>, + impri<i>s'n'dst</i>. + </li> + </ol> + <p> + V. Avoid blending the termination of one word with the + beginning of another, or suppressing the final letter or + letters of one word, when the next word commences with a + similar sound. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLES. + </span> + <pre> + His small eyes instead of His small lies. + She keeps pies " She keeps spies. + His hour is up " His sour is sup. + Dry the widow's tears " Dry the widow steers. + Your eyes and ears " Your rise sand dears. + He had two small eggs " He had two small legs. + Bring some ice cream " Bring some mice scream. + Let all men praise Him " Let tall men pray sim. + He was killed in war " He was skilled in war. + Water, air, and earth " Water rare rand dearth. + Come and see me once more " Come mand see me one smore. +</pre> + <p> + NOTE.—By an indistinct Articulation the sense of a + passage is often liable to be perverted. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLES. + </span> + <ol> + <li> + Will he attempt to conceal hi<i>s acts?</i><br> + Will he attempt to conceal hi<i>s sacks?</i> + </li> + <li> + The man ha<i>d o</i>ars to row he<i>r o</i>ver.<br> + The man ha<i>d d</i>oors to row he<i>r r</i>over. + </li> + <li> + Can there be a<i>n a</i>im more lofty?<br> + Can there be <i>a n</i>ame more lofty? + </li> + <li> + The judge<i>s o</i>ught to arrest the culprits.<br> + The judge<i>s s</i>ought to arrest the culprits. + </li> + <li> + Hi<i>s i</i>re burned when she told him he<i>r a</i>ge.<br> + Hi<i>s s</i>ire burned when she told him he<i>r r</i>age. + </li> + <li> + He wa<i>s a</i>wed at the works of labor a<i>nd + a</i>rt.<br> + He wa<i>s s</i>awed at the works of labor a<i>n d</i>art. + </li> + <li> + He wa<i>s tr</i>ained in the religion of his fathers.<br> + He wa<i>s st</i>rained in the religion of his fathers. + </li> + </ol> + <span class="center"> + MISCELLANEOUS EXAMPLES. + </span> + <ol> + <li> + <i>Br</i>avely o'er <i>th</i>e + <i>b</i>oi<i>st</i>e<i>r</i>ous + <i>b</i>i<i>ll</i>ow<i>s</i>,<br> + <i>H</i>is <i>g</i>a<i>ll</i>a<i>nt</i> <i>b</i>a<i>rk</i> + <i>w</i>a<i>s</i> <i>b</i>o<i>rn</i>e. + </li> + <li> + <i>C</i>a<i>n</i> <i>cr</i>a<i>v</i>e<i>n</i> + <i>c</i>owa<i>rds</i> e<i>x</i>pe<i>ct</i> to + <i>c</i>o<i>nq</i>ue<i>r</i> <i>th</i>e + <i>c</i>ou<i>ntr</i>y? + </li> + <li> + <i>Cl</i>i<i>ck</i>, <i>cl</i>i<i>ck</i>, + <i>g</i>oe<i>s</i> <i>th</i>e <i>cl</i>o<i>ck</i>; + <i>cl</i>a<i>ck</i>, <i>cl</i>a<i>ck</i>, + <i>g</i>oe<i>s</i> <i>th</i>e <i>m</i>i<i>ll</i>. + </li> + <li> + <i>D</i>i<i>d</i> <i>y</i>ou <i>d</i>esi<i>r</i>e to + <i>h</i>ea<i>r</i> <i>h</i>i<i>s</i> <i>d</i>a<i>rk</i> + a<i>nd</i> <i>d</i>o<i>l</i>e<i>f</i>u<i>l</i> + <i>dr</i>ea<i>ms</i>? + </li> + <li> + "<i>F</i>ir<i>m</i>-<i>p</i>a<i>c</i>e<i>d</i> a<i>nd</i> + <i>sl</i>ow, a <i>h</i>o<i>rr</i>i<i>d</i> + <i>fr</i>o<i>nt</i> <i>th</i>ey <i>form</i>,<br> + <i>St</i>i<i>ll</i> a<i>s</i> <i>th</i>e + <i>br</i>ee<i>ze</i>; <i>b</i>u<i>t</i> + <i>dr</i>ea<i>df</i>u<i>l</i> a<i>s</i> <i>th</i>e + <i>st</i>or<i>m</i>." + </li> + <li> + <i>Th</i>e <i>fl</i>a<i>m</i>i<i>ng</i> <i>f</i>i<i>r</i>e + <i>fl</i>a<i>sh</i>ed <i>f</i>ea<i>rf</i>u<i>ll</i>y + i<i>n</i> <i>h</i>i<i>s</i> <i>f</i>a<i>c</i>e. + </li> + <li> + <i>Th</i>e <i>gl</i>a<i>ss</i>y + <i>gl</i>a<i>ci</i>e<i>rs</i> <i>gl</i>ea<i>m</i>e<i>d</i> + i<i>n</i> <i>gl</i>owi<i>ng</i> <i>l</i>igh<i>t</i>. + </li> + <li> + <i>H</i>ow <i>h</i>igh <i>h</i>i<i>s</i> + ho<i>n</i>o<i>rs</i> <i>h</i>ea<i>v</i>e<i>d</i> + <i>h</i>i<i>s</i> <i>h</i>augh<i>t</i>y <i>h</i>ea<i>d</i>! + </li> + <li> + <i>H</i>e <i>dr</i>ew <i>l</i>o<i>ng</i>, + <i>l</i>e<i>g</i>i<i>bl</i>e <i>lin</i>e<i>s</i> + a<i>l</i>o<i>ng</i> <i>th</i>e <i>l</i>ove<i>l</i>y + <i>l</i>a<i>ndsc</i>a<i>p</i>e. + </li> + <li> + <i>M</i>a<i>ss</i>e<i>s</i> of i<i>mm</i>e<i>ns</i>e + <i>m</i>a<i>gn</i>i<i>t</i>u<i>d</i>e <i>m</i>o<i>v</i>e + <i>m</i>a<i>j</i>e<i>st</i>i<i>c</i>a<i>ll</i>y + <i>thr</i>ough <i>th</i>e <i>v</i>a<i>st</i> + e<i>mp</i>i<i>r</i>e of <i>th</i>e + <i>s</i>o<i>l</i>a<i>r</i> <i>s</i>y<i>st</i>e<i>m</i>. + </li> + <li> + <i>R</i>ou<i>nd</i> <i>th</i>e <i>r</i>ou<i>gh</i> + a<i>nd</i> <i>r</i>u<i>gg</i>e<i>d</i> <i>r</i>o<i>cks</i> + <i>th</i>e <i>r</i>a<i>gg</i>e<i>d</i> + <i>r</i>a<i>sc</i>a<i>l</i> <i>r</i>a<i>n</i>. + </li> + <li> + <i>Th</i>e <i>str</i>i<i>pl</i>i<i>ng</i> + <i>str</i>a<i>ng</i>e<i>r</i> <i>str</i>aye<i>d</i> + <i>str</i>aigh<i>t</i> <i>to</i>wa<i>rd</i> <i>th</i>e + <i>str</i>u<i>ggl</i>i<i>ng</i> <i>str</i>ea<i>m</i>. + </li> + <li> + <i>Sh</i>e u<i>tt</i>e<i>r</i>e<i>d</i> a + <i>sh</i>a<i>rp</i>, <i>shr</i>i<i>ll</i> + <i>shr</i>ie<i>k</i>, a<i>nd</i> <i>th</i>e<i>n</i> + <i>shr</i>u<i>nk</i> <i>fr</i>o<i>m</i> <i>th</i>e + <i>shr</i>i<i>v</i>e<i>l</i>e<i>d</i> <i>f</i>o<i>rm</i> + <i>th</i>a<i>t</i> <i>sl</i>u<i>mb</i>e<i>r</i>e<i>d</i> + i<i>n</i> <i>th</i>e <i>shr</i>ou<i>d</i>. + </li> + <li> + <i>F</i>or <i>f</i>ear o<i>f</i> o<i>ff</i>ending + <i>th</i>e <i>fr</i>ight<i>f</i>ul fugitive, <i>th</i>e + <i>v</i>i<i>l</i>e <i>v</i>a<i>g</i>a<i>b</i>o<i>nd</i> + <i>v</i>e<i>nt</i>u<i>r</i>e<i>d</i> <i>t</i>o + <i>v</i>i<i>l</i>i<i>fy</i> <i>th</i>e + <i>v</i>e<i>n</i>e<i>r</i>a<i>bl</i>e + <i>v</i>e<i>t</i>e<i>r</i>a<i>n</i>. + </li> + <li> + A<i>midst</i> <i>th</i>e <i>m</i>i<i>sts</i>, + <i>w</i>i<i>th</i> a<i>ngr</i>y <i>b</i>oa<i>sts</i>,<br> + <i>H</i>e <i>thr</i>u<i>sts</i> <i>h</i>i<i>s</i> + <i>f</i>i<i>sts</i> a<i>g</i>ai<i>nst</i> <i>th</i>e + <i>p</i>o<i>sts</i>,<br> + A<i>nd</i> <i>st</i>i<i>ll</i> i<i>ns</i>i<i>sts</i> + <i>h</i>e <i>s</i>ee<i>s</i> <i>th</i>e + <i>g</i>ho<i>sts</i>. + </li> + <li> + Peter Prangle, the prickly prangly pear picker, picked + three pecks of prickly prangly pears, from the prangly pear + trees, on the pleasant prairies. + </li> + <li> + Theophilus Thistle, the successful thistle sifter, in + sifting a sieve full of unsifted thistles, thrust three + thousand thistles through the thick of his thumb; now, if + Theophilus Thistle, the successful thistle sifter, in + sifting a sieve full of unsifted thistles, thrust three + thousand thistles through the thick of <i>his</i> thumb, + see that <i>thou</i>, in sifting a sieve full of unsifted + thistles, thrust not three thousand thistles through the + thick of <i>thy</i> thumb. Success to the successful + thistle sifter. + </li> + <li> + We travel <i>sea</i> and <i>soil</i>; we <i>pry</i>, we + <i>prowl</i>;<br> + We <i>progress</i>, and we <i>prog</i> from <i>pole</i> to + <i>pole</i>. + </li> + </ol><a name="sect2"><!-- Marker --></a> + <h3> + SECTION II.<br> + ACCENT AND EMPHASIS. + </h3> + <p> + ACCENT and EMPHASIS both indicate some special stress of + voice. + </p> + <p> + Accent is that stress of voice by which one <i>syllable</i> + of a word is made more prominent than others; EMPHASIS is + that stress of voice by which one or more <i>words</i> of a + sentence are distinguished above the rest. + </p> + <span class="center"> + ACCENT. + </span> + <p> + The accented syllable is sometimes designated thus: + (′); as, <i>com-mand′-ment</i>. + </p> + <p> + NOTE I.—Words of more than two syllables generally have + two or more of them accented. + </p> + <p> + The more forcible stress of voice, is called the <i>Primary + Accent</i>; and the less forcible, the <i>Secondary + Accent</i>. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLES OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY ACCENT. + </span> + <p> + In the following examples the Primary Accent is designated by + double accentual marks, thus: + </p> + <p> + <i>Ed″-u-cate′</i>, + <i>ed′-u-ca″-tion</i>, + <i>mul″-ti-ply′</i>, + <i>mul′-ti-pli-ca″-tion</i>, + <i>sat″-is-fy′</i>, + <i>sat′-is-fac″-tion</i>, + <i>com′-pre-hend″</i>, + <i>com′-pre-hen″-sion</i>, + <i>rec′-om-mend″</i>, + <i>rec′-om-mend-a″-tion</i>, + <i>mo″-ment-a′-ry</i>, + <i>com-mun″-ni-cate′</i>, + <i>com′-pli-ment″-al</i>, + <i>in-dem′-ni-fi-ca″-tion</i>, + <i>ex′-tem-po-ra″-ne-ous</i>, + <i>coun′-ter-rev′-o-lu″-tion-a-ry</i>. + </p> + <p> + NOTE II.—The change of accent on the same word often + changes its meaning. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLES. + </span> + <pre> +col′-league, <i>a partner</i>. +col-league′, <i>to unite with</i>. +con′-duct, <i>behavior</i>. +con-duct′, <i>to lead</i>. +des′-cant, <i>a song or tune</i>. +des-cant′, <i>to comment</i>. +ob′-ject, <i>ultimate purpose</i>. +ob-ject′, <i>to oppose</i>. +in′-ter-dict, <i>a prohibition</i>. +in-ter-dict′, <i>to forbid</i>. +o′ver-throw, <i>ruin; defeat</i>. +o-ver-throw′, <i>to throw down</i>. +</pre> + <p> + NOTE III.—Emphatic words are often printed in + <i>Italics</i>. When, however, different degrees of emphasis + are to be denoted, the higher degrees are designated by the + use of Capitals, <span class="lg-caps">LARGER</span> or + <span class="sm-caps">SMALLER</span>, according to the degree + of intensity. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLES. + </span> + <ol> + <li> + Our motto shall be, <i>our country</i>, <span class= + "sm-caps">OUR WHOLE COUNTRY</span>, and <span class= + "lg-caps">NOTHING BUT OUR COUNTRY</span>. + </li> + <li> + <i>Thou Child of Joy!</i> <span class= + "sm-caps">SHOUT</span> round me: let me <span class= + "sm-caps">HEAR</span> <i>thy shouts, thou happy Shepherd + Boy!</i> + </li> + <li> + Freedom calls you! <i>quick</i>, be ready,<br> + Think of what your sires have done;<br> + <i>Onward</i>, <span class="sm-caps">ONWARD</span>! strong + and steady,<br> + Drive the tyrant to his den;<br> + ON, and let the watchword be,<br> + <i>Country</i>, <span class= + "sm-caps">HOME</span>, and <span class= + "lg-caps">LIBERTY</span>.<br> + </li> + </ol> + <p> + NOTE IV.—Emphasis, as before intimated, varies in + degrees of intensity. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLES OF INTENSIVE EMPHASIS. + </span> + <ol> + <li> + He shook the fragment of his blade,<br> + And shouted: <span class= + "lg-caps">"VICTORY</span>!<br> + <i>Charge</i>, Chester, <span class= + "sm-caps">CHARGE</span>! <i>On</i>, Stanley, + <span class="sm-caps">ON</span>!" + </li> + <li> + A <i>month!</i> O, for a single <span class= + "sm-caps">WEEK</span>! I as not for <i>years'</i>, though + an <span class="sm-caps">AGE</span> were <i>too little</i> + for the <i>much</i> I have to do. + </li> + <li> + <i>Now</i> for the <span class="sm-caps">FIGHT</span>! + <i>now</i> for the <span class="sm-caps">CANNON + PEAL</span>!<br> + <span class="lg-caps">ONWARD</span>! through + <i>blood</i>, and <i>toil</i>, and <i>cloud</i>, and + <i>fire!</i><br> + <i>Glorious</i>—the <span class= + "sm-caps">SHOUT</span>, the <span class= + "sm-caps">SHOCK</span>, the <span class= + "sm-caps">CRASH</span> of <span class= + "sm-caps">STEEL</span>,<br> + The <span class="sm-caps">VOLLEY'S + ROLL</span>, the <span class="sm-caps">ROCKET'S BLAZING + SPIRE</span>!<br> + </li> + <li> + Hear, <span class="sm-caps">O HEAVENS</span>! and give ear, + <span class="sm-caps">O EARTH</span>! + </li> + </ol> + <p> + NOTE V.—Emphasis sometimes changes the seat of accent + from its ordinary position. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLES. + </span> + <pre> + There is a difference between <i>pos′</i>sibility and <i>prob′</i>ability. + And behold, the angels of God <i>as′</i>cending and <i>de′</i>scending on it. + For this corruptible must put on <i>in′</i>corruption, and this mortal must +put on <i>im′</i>mortality. + Does his conduct deserve <i>ap′</i>probation or <i>rep′</i>robation? +</pre> + <p> + NOTE VI.—There are two kinds of + Emphasis:—<i>Absolute</i> and <i>Antithetic</i>. + ABSOLUTE EMPHASIS is used to designate the important words of + a sentence, without any direct reference to other words. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLES OF ABSOLUTE EMPHASIS. + </span> + <p> + 1. + </p> + <pre> + Oh, speak to passion's raging tide, +<i>Speak</i> and <i>say</i>: "<span class= +"sm-caps">PEACE, BE STILL!</span>" +</pre> + <p> + 2. The <span class="sm-caps">UNION</span>, it <span class= + "lg-caps">MUST</span> and <span class="lg-caps">SHALL BE + PRESERVED!</span> + </p> + <p> + 3. + </p> + <pre> + <span class= +"sm-caps">HUSH!</span> <i>breathe it not aloud</i>, +<i>The wild winds must not hear it! Yet, again</i>, +<i>I tell thee</i>—<span class="sm-caps">WE ARE FREE!</span> +</pre> + <p class="rauth"> + KNOWLES. + </p> + <p> + 4. When my country shall take her place among the nations of + the earth, <span class="sm-caps">THEN</span> and not + <span class="lg-caps">TILL</span> then, let my epitaph be + written. + </p> + <p class="rauth"> + EMMETT. + </p> + <p> + 5. If you are <span class="sm-caps">MEN</span>, <i>follow</i> + <span class="sm-caps">ME! STRIKE DOWN</span> <i>yon guard, + and gain the mountain passes.</i> + </p> + <p> + 6. + </p> + <pre> + <span class= +"sm-caps">OH!</span> <i>shame on us</i>, countrymen, <span class="sm-caps">SHAME</span> <i>on us</i> <span class="sm-caps">ALL</span>, + If we <span class="sm-caps">CRINGE</span> to so dastard a race. +</pre> + <p> + 7. This doctrine <i>never was received</i>; it + <span class="sm-caps">NEVER CAN</span>, <i>by any</i> + <span class="lg-caps">POSSIBILITY</span>, <span class= + "sm-caps">BE RECEIVED</span>; and, if admitted at + <span class="sm-caps">ALL</span>, it <i>must be by</i> + <span class="lg-caps">THE TOTAL SUBVERSION OF + LIBERTY!</span> + </p> + <p> + 8. Are you <i>Christians</i>, and, by upholding duelists, + will you <i>deluge the land with blood</i>, and <i>fill it + with widows and orphans.</i> + </p> + <p class="rauth"> + BEECHER. + </p> + <p> + 9. <span class="sm-caps">LIBERTY</span> <i>and</i> + <span class="sm-caps">UNION, NOW</span> <i>and</i> + <span class="sm-caps">FOREVER, ONE</span> <i>and</i> + <span class="sm-caps">INSEPARABLE</span>. + </p> + <p class="rauth"> + WEBSTER. + </p> + <p> + 10. <i>Treason!</i> cried the speaker; <i>treason</i>, + <span class="sm-caps">TREASON</span>, <span class= + "lg-caps">TREASON</span>, reechoed from every part of the + house. + </p> + <p> + 11. <i>The war is inevitable</i>,—and <span class= + "sm-caps">LET IT COME!</span> I repeat it, + Sir,—<span class="lg-caps">LET IT COME!</span> + </p> + <p class="rauth"> + PATRICK HENRY. + </p> + <p> + 12. + </p> + <pre> + Be we <i>men</i>, + And suffer such dishonor? <span class= +"sm-caps">MEN</span>, and wash not + The stain away in <span class="sm-caps">BLOOD?</span> +</pre> + <p class="rauth"> + MISS MITFORD. + </p> + <p> + 13. + </p> + <pre> + <span class= +"sm-caps">O SACRED FORMS!</span> how <i>proud</i> you look! + How <i>high</i> you lift your heads into the sky! + How <i>huge</i> you are! how <i>mighty</i> and how <i>free</i>! +</pre> + <p class="rauth"> + KNOWLES. + </p> + <p> + 14. I shall know but <i>one</i> country. The ends <i>I</i> + aim at, shall be "My <span class="sm-caps">COUNTRY'S</span>, + my <span class="sm-caps">GOD'S</span>, and <span class= + "sm-caps">TRUTH'S</span>." + </p> + <p class="rauth"> + WEBSTER. + </p> + <p> + NOTE VII.—ANTITHETIC EMPHASIS is that which is founded + on the contrast of one word or clause with another. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLES OF ANTITHETIC EMPHASIS. + </span><br> + <br> + + <p> + 1. The faults of <i>others</i> should always remind us of our + <i>own</i>. + </p> + <p> + 2. He desired to <i>protect</i> his friend, not to + <i>injure</i> him. + </p> + <p> + 3. + </p> + <pre> + But <i>yesterday</i>, the word of Caesar might + Have stood against the world; <i>now</i> lies he there, + And none so poor to do him reverence. +</pre> + <p class="rauth"> + SHAKESPEARE. + </p> + <p> + 4. A <i>good name</i> is rather to be chosen than <i>great + riches</i>. + </p> + <p class="rauth"> + BIBLE. + </p> + <p> + 5. We can do nothing <i>against</i> the truth; but <i>for</i> + the truth. + </p> + <p class="rauth"> + BIBLE. + </p> + <p> + 6. He that is <i>slow to anger</i>, is better than the + <i>mighty</i>; and he that <i>ruleth his spirit</i>, than he + that <i>taketh a city</i>. + </p> + <p class="rauth"> + BIBLE. + </p> + <p> + NOTE VIII.—The following examples contain two or more + sets of Antitheses. + </p> + <p> + 1. <i>Just men</i> are only <i>free</i>, the <i>rest</i> are + <i>slaves</i>. + </p> + <p> + 2. <i>Beauty</i> is like the <i>flower of spring; virtue</i> + is like the <i>stars of heaven</i>. + </p> + <p> + 3. + </p> + <pre> + <i>Truth</i> crushed to earth shall <i>rise</i> again, + The eternal years of God are hers; + But <i>error</i>, wounded, <i>writhes</i> in pain, + And <i>dies</i> amid her worshipers. +</pre> + <p class="rauth"> + BRYANT. + </p> + <p> + 4. A <i>false balance</i> is <i>abomination to the Lord</i>; + but a <i>just weight</i> is <i>his delight</i>. + </p> + <p class="rauth"> + BIBLE. + </p> + <p> + 5. A <i>friend</i> can not be <i>known</i> in + <i>prosperity;</i> and an <i>enemy</i> can not be + <i>hidden</i> in <i>adversity</i>. + </p> + <p> + 6. It is my <i>living sentiment</i>, and, by the blessing of + God, it shall be my <i>dying sentiment:</i> INDEPENDENCE NOW, + and INDEPENDENCE FOREVER. + </p> + <p class="rauth"> + WEBSTER. + </p> + <p> + 7. We live in <i>deeds</i>, not <i>years</i>,—in + <i>thoughts</i>, not <i>breaths</i>,—in + <i>feelings</i>, not in <i>figures on a dial</i>. We should + count time by <i>heart throbs</i>. He <i>most lives</i>, who + <span class="sm-caps">THINKS THE MOST,—FEELS THE + NOBLEST,—ACTS THE BEST.</span> + </p> + <p> + 8. <i>You</i> have done the <i>mischief</i>, and <i>I</i> + bear the <i>blame</i>. + </p> + <p> + 9. The <i>wise man</i> is happy when he gains his <i>own</i> + approbation; the <i>fool</i> when he gains that of + <i>others</i>. + </p> + <p> + 10. We must hold <i>them</i> as we hold the <i>rest</i> of + mankind—<i>enemies</i> in <i>war</i>,—in + <i>peace, friends</i>. + </p> + <p class="rauth"> + JEFFERSON. + </p> + <p> + NOTE IX.—The sense of a passage is varied by changing + the place of the emphasis. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLES. + </span> + <p> + 1. Has <i>James</i> seen his brother to-day? No; but + <i>Charles</i> has. + </p> + <p> + 2. Has James <i>seen</i> his brother to-day? No; but he has + <i>heard</i> from him. + </p> + <p> + 3. Has James seen <i>his</i> brother to-day? No; but he saw + <i>yours</i>. + </p> + <p> + 4. Has James seen his <i>brother</i> to-day? No; but he has + seen his <i>sister</i>. + </p> + <p> + 5. Has James seen his brother <i>to-day</i>? No; but he saw + him <i>yesterday</i>. + </p> + <p> + REMARK.—To determine the emphatic words of a sentence, + as well as the <i>degree</i> and <i>kind</i> of emphasis to + be employed, the reader must be governed wholly by the + <i>sentiment</i> to be expressed. The idea is sometimes + entertained that emphasis consists merely in <i>loudness</i> + of tone. But it should be borne in mind that the most + <i>intense</i> emphasis may often be effectively expressed, + even by a whisper. + </p><a name="sect3"><!-- Marker --></a> + <h3> + SECTION III.<br> + INFLECTIONS. + </h3> + <p> + INFLECTIONS are turns or slides of the voice, made in reading + or speaking; as; Will you go to New [Transcriber's Note: Two + missing lines in printing, page 25 in original.] or to + [Transcriber's Note: Remainder of paragraph is missing.] + </p> + <p> + All the various sounds of the human voice may be comprehended + under the general appellation of <i>tones</i>. The principal + modifications of these tones are the MONOTONE, the RISING + INFLECTION, the FALLING INFLECTION, and the CIRCUMFLEX. + </p> + <pre> +The Horizontal Line (—) denotes the Monotone. +The Rising Slide (/) denotes the Rising Inflection. +The Falling Slide (\) denotes the Falling Inflection. +The Curve (\_/) denotes the Circumflex. +</pre> + <p> + The MONOTONE is that sameness of sound, which arises from + repeating the several words or syllables of a passage in one + and the same general tone. + </p> + <p> + REMARK.—The Monotone is employed with admirable effect + in the delivery of a passage that is solemn or sublime. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLES. + </span> + <p> + 1. O thou that rollest above, round as the shield of my + fathers: whence are thy beams, O sun, thy everlasting light? + </p> + <p class="rauth"> + OSSIAN. + </p> + <p> + 2. + </p> + <pre> + 'Tis midnight's holy hour, and silence now + Is brooding, like a gentle spirit, o'er + The still and pulseless world. Hark! on the winds + The bells' deep tones are swelling; 'tis the knell + Of the departed year. +</pre> + <p class="rauth"> + PRENTICE. + </p> + <p> + 3. God came from Teman, and the Holy One from Mount Paran. + Selah. His glory covered the heavens, and the earth was full + of His praise. + </p> + <p> + 4. Before Him went the pestilence, and burning coals went + forth at His feet. He stood and measured the earth: He + beheld, and drove asunder the nations; and the everlasting + mountains were scattered, the perpetual hills did bow: His + ways are everlasting. + </p> + <p class="rauth"> + BIBLE. + </p> + <p> + 5. The heavens declare the glory of God, and the firmament + showeth His handy work. Day unto day uttereth speech, and + night unto night showeth knowledge. There is no speech nor + language, where their voice is not heard. + </p> + <p class="rauth"> + ID. + </p> + <p> + 6. + </p> + <pre> + How brief is life! how passing brief! + How brief its joys and cares! + It seems to be in league with time, + And leaves us unawares. +</pre> + <p> + 7. + </p> + <pre> + The thunder rolls: be hushed the prostrate world, + While cloud to cloud returns the solemn hymn. +</pre> + <p class="rauth"> + THOMSON. + </p> + <p> + REMARK.—The inappropriate use of the monotone,—a + fault into which young people naturally fall,—is a very + grave and obstinate error. It is always tedious, and often + even ridiculous. It should be studiously avoided. + </p> + <p> + The RISING INFLECTION is an upward turn, or slide of the + voice, used in reading or speaking; as, + </p> + <pre class="diagram"> + s? + n/ + o/ + s/ + s/ + é/ +Are you prepared to recite your l/ +</pre><br> + <br> + <p> + The FALLING INFLECTION is a downward turn, or slide of the + voice, used in reading or speaking; as, + </p> + <pre class="diagram"> + \d + \ò + \i + \n +What are you \g? +</pre><br> + <br> + <p> + In the falling inflection, the voice should not sink below + the <i>general pitch</i>; but in the rising inflection, it is + raised above it. + </p> + <p> + The two inflections may be illustrated by the following + diagrams: + </p> + <p> + 1. + </p> + <pre class="diagram"> + \ì + \m + y, \p \p + l/ \r \r + t/ \u \ú + n/ \d \d + e/ \e \e + d/ \n \n + ú/ \t \t + r/ \l \l +Did he act p/ or \y? He acted \y. +</pre> + <p> + 2. + </p> + <pre class="diagram"> + \ù + \n + y, \w \w + l/ \i \i + g/ \l \l + n/ \l \l + i/ \i \í + l/ \n \n + l/ \g \g + í/ \l \l +Did they go w/ or \y? They went \y. +</pre> + <p> + 3. + </p> + <pre class="diagram"> + r, + e/ + h/ + g/ + í/ +If the flight of Dryden is h/ Pope continues longer on the + r, + e/ + t/ + h/ +\w g/ + \ì í/ + \n r/ + \g. If the blaze of Dryden's fire is b/ the heat of Pope's is + \c + \ò + \n + \s + \t + \a + \n +more regular and \t. +</pre> + <p> + 4. + </p> + <pre> + Is honor's lofty soul forever fled′? + Is virtue lost′? Is martial ardor dead′? + Is there no heart where worth and valor dwell′? + No patriot WALLACE′? No undaunted TELL′? + Yes`, Freedom, yes`! thy sons, a noble band, + Around thy banner, firm, exulting stand`. +</pre> + <p> + REMARK.—The same <i>degree</i> of inflection is not, at + all times, used, or indicated by the notation. The due degree + to be employed, depends on the <i>nature</i> of what is to be + expressed. For example; if a person, under great excitement, + asks another: + </p> + <pre class="diagram"> + t? + s + e + n + r + a +Are you in e the degree of inflection would be much greater, + t? + s + e + n + r + a +than if he playfully asks: Are you in e The former +inflection may be called <i>intensive</i>, the latter, <i>common</i>. +</pre> + <h4> + RULES FOR THE USE OF INFLECTIONS. + </h4> + <span class="center"> + RULE I. + </span> + <p> + Direct questions, or those which may be answered by + <i>yes</i> or <i>no</i>, usually take the rising inflection; + but their answers, generally, the falling. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLES. + </span> + <ol> + <li> + Will you meet me at the depot′? Yes`; or, I will`. + </li> + <li> + Did you intend to visit Boston′? No`; or, I did not`. + </li> + <li> + Can you explain this difficult sentence′? Yes`; I + can. + </li> + <li> + Are they willing to remain at home′? They are`. + </li> + <li> + Is this a time for imbecility and inaction′? By no + means`. + </li> + <li> + King Agrippa, believest thou the prophets′? I know + that thou believest`. + </li> + <li> + Were the tribes of this country, when first discovered, + making any progress in arts and civilization′? By no + means`. + </li> + <li> + To purchase heaven has gold the power′?<br> + Can gold remove the mortal hour′?<br> + In life, can love be bought with gold′?<br> + Are friendship's pleasures to be sold′?<br> + No`; all that's worth a wish, a thought,<br> + Fair virtue gives unbribed, unbought.<br> + </li> + <li> + What would content you`? Talents′? No`. + Enterprise′? No`. Courage′? No`. Reputation'? + No`. Virtue′? No`. The man whom you would select, + should possess not one, but all of these`. + </li> + </ol> + <p> + NOTE I.—When the direct question becomes an appeal, and + the reply to it is anticipated, it takes the intense + <i>falling</i> inflection. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLES. + </span> + <ol> + <li> + <i>Is</i>` he not a bold and eloquent speaker`? + </li> + <li> + <i>Can</i>` such inconsistent measures be adopted`? + </li> + <li> + <i>Did</i>` you ever hear of such cruel barbarities`? + </li> + <li> + <i>Is</i> this reason`? <i>Is</i>` it law`? <i>Is</i> it + humanity`? + </li> + <li> + <i>Was</i>` not the gentleman's argument conclusive`? + </li> + </ol> + <span class="center"> + RULE II. + </span> + <p> + Indirect questions, or those which can not be answered by + <i>yes</i> or <i>no</i>, usually take the <i>falling</i> + inflection, and their answers the same. + </p> + <ol> + <li> + How far did you travel yesterday`? Forty miles`. + </li> + <li> + Which of you brought this beautiful bouquet`? Julia`. + </li> + <li> + Where do you intend to spend the summer`? At Saratoga`. + </li> + <li> + When will Charles graduate at college`? Next year`. + </li> + <li> + What is one of the most delightful emotions of the heart`? + Gratitude`. + </li> + </ol> + <p> + NOTE I.—When the indirect question is one asking a + repetition of what was not, at first, understood, it takes + the <i>rising</i> inflection. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLES. + </span> + <ol> + <li> + When do you expect to return? Next week.<br> + <i>When</i> did you say′? Next week. + </li> + <li> + <i>Where</i> did you say William had gone′? To New + York. + </li> + </ol> + <p> + NOTE II.—Answers to questions, whether direct or + indirect, when expressive of indifference, take the + <i>rising</i> inflection, or the circumflex. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLES. + </span> + <ol> + <li> + Did you admire his discourse? Not much′. + </li> + <li> + Which way shall we walk? I am not particular′. + </li> + <li> + Can Henry go with us? If he chooses′. + </li> + <li> + What color do you prefer? I have no particular + choice′. + </li> + </ol> + <p> + NOTE III.—In some instances, direct questions become + indirect by a change of the inflection from the rising to the + falling. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLES. + </span> + <ol> + <li> + Will you come to-morrow′ or next day′? Yes. + </li> + <li> + Will you come to-morrow,′ or next day`? I will come + to-morrow. + </li> + </ol> + <p> + REMARK.—The first question asks if the person addressed + will <i>come</i> within the two days, and may be answered by + <i>yes</i> or <i>no</i>; but the second asks on <i>which</i> + of the two days he will come, and it can not be thus + answered. + </p> + <h4> + RULE III. + </h4> + <p> + When questions are connected by the conjunction <i>or</i>, + the first requires the <i>rising</i>, and the second, the + <i>falling</i> inflection. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLES. + </span> + <p> + 1. Does he study for amusement′, or improvement`? + </p> + <p> + 2. Was he esteemed for his wealth′, or for his wisdom`? + </p> + <p> + 3. Sink′ or swim`, live′ or die`, survive′ + or perish`, I give my hand and heart to this vote. + </p> + <p class="rauth"> + WEBSTER. + </p> + <p> + 4. Is it lawful to do good on the Sabbath-days′, or to + do evil`? to save life′, or to kill`? + </p> + <p> + 5. Was it an act of moral courage′, or cowardice`, for + Cato to fall on his sword`? + </p> + <p> + RULE IV. Antithetic terms or clauses usually take opposite + inflections; generally, the former has the <i>rising</i>, and + the latter the <i>falling</i> inflection. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLES. + </span> + <p> + 1. If you seek to make one rich, study not to increase his + stores′ but to diminish his desires`. + </p> + <p> + 2.<br> + They have mouths′,—but they speak not`:<br> + Eyes have they′,—but they see not`:<br> + They have ears′,—but they hear not`:<br> + Noses have they′,—but they smell not`:<br> + They have hands′,—but they handle not`:<br> + Feet have they′,—but they walk not`. + </p> + <p class="rauth"> + BIBLE. + </p> + <p> + NOTE I.—When one of the antithetic clauses is a + <i>negative</i>, and the other an <i>affirmative</i>, + generally the negative has the <i>rising</i>, and the + affirmative the <i>falling</i> inflection. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLES. + </span> + <p> + 1. I said an elder soldier` not a better′. + </p> + <p> + 2. His acts deserve punishment` rather than + commiseration′. + </p> + <p> + 3. This is no time for a tribunal of justice′, but for + showing mercy`; not for accusation′, but for + philanthropy`; not for trial′, but for pardon`; not for + sentence and execution′, but for compassion and + kindness`. + </p> + <p> + RULE V. The Pause of Suspension, denoting that the sense is + incomplete, usually has the <i>rising</i> inflection. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLES. + </span> + <p> + 1. Although the fig tree shall not blossom′, neither + shall fruit be in the vine′; the labor of the olive + shall fail′, and the fields shall yield no meat′; + the flocks shall be cut off from the fold′, and there + shall be no herd in the stalls′; yet will I rejoice in + the Lord`, I will joy in the God of my salvation`. + </p> + <p class="rauth"> + BIBLE. + </p> + <p> + NOTE I.—The ordinary direct address, not accompanied + with strong emphasis, takes the <i>rising</i> inflection, on + the principle of the pause of suspension. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLES. + </span> + <p> + 1. Men′, brethren′, and fathers′, hear ye + my defense which I make now unto you. + </p> + <p class="rauth"> + BIBLE. + </p> + <p> + 2.<br> + Ye living flowers′, that skirt the eternal + frost′!<br> + Ye wild goats′, sporting round the eagle's + nest′!<br> + Ye eagles′, playmates of the mountain + storm′!<br> + Ye lightnings′, the dread arrows of the + clouds′!<br> + Ye signs′ and wonders′ of the + elements′!<br> + Utter forth GOD`, and fill the hills with praise`! + </p> + <p class="rauth"> + COLERIDGE. + </p> + <p> + NOTE II.—In some instances of a pause of suspension, + the sense requires an intense <i>falling</i> inflection. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLE. + </span> + <p> + 1. The prodigal, if he does not become a <i>pauper</i>`, + will, at least, have but little to bestow on others. + </p> + <p> + REMARK.—If the <i>rising</i> inflection is given on + <i>pauper</i>, the sense would be perverted, and the passage + made to mean, that, in order to be able to bestow on others, + it is necessary that he should become a pauper. + </p> + <p> + RULE VI. Expressions of tenderness, as of grief, or kindness, + commonly incline the voice to the <i>rising</i> inflection. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLES. + </span> + <p> + 1. + </p> + <pre> + Mother′,—I leave thy dwelling′; + Oh! shall it be forever′? + With grief my heart is swelling′, + From thee′,—from thee′,—to sever′. +</pre> + <p> + 2. O my son Absalom′! my son′, my son Absalom'! + Would God I had died for thee′, Absalom′, my + son′, my son′! + </p> + <p class="rauth"> + BIBLE. + </p> + <p> + RULE VII. The Penultimate Pause, or the last but one, of a + passage, is usually preceded by the <i>rising</i> inflection. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLES. + </span> + <p> + 1. Diligence`, industry`, and proper improvement of + time′, are material duties of the young`. + </p> + <p> + 2. These through faith subdued kingdoms`, wrought + righteous-ness`, obtained promises`, stopped the mouths of + lions`, quenched the violence of fire`, escaped the edge of + the sword`, out of weakness were made strong`, waxed valiant + in fight′, turned to flight the armies of the aliens`. + </p> + <p> + REMARK.—The rising inflection is employed at the + penultimate pause in order to promote variety, since the + voice generally falls at the end of a sentence. + </p> + <p> + RULE VIII. Expressions of strong emotion, as of anger or + surprise, and also the language of authority and reproach, + are expressed with the <i>falling</i> inflection. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLES. + </span> + <p> + 1. On YOU`, and on your CHILDREN`, be the peril of the + innocent blood which shall be shed this day`. + </p> + <p> + 2. What a piece of workmanship is MAN`! How noble in REASON`! + How infinite in FACULTIES`! + </p> + <p> + 3. O FOOLS`! and <i>slow of heart</i> to believe all that the + prophets have written concerning me`! + </p> + <p class="rauth"> + BIBLE. + </p> + <p> + 4. HENCE`, HOME`, <i>you idle creatures</i>`, GET YOU HOME`, + YOU BLOCKS`, YOU STONES`, YOU WORSE THAN USELESS THINGS`! + </p> + <p> + 5. Avaunt`! and quit my sight`! let the earth hide thee`! Thy + bones are marrowless`; thou hast no speculation in thine eyes + which thou dost glare` with. + </p> + <p class="rauth"> + SHAKSPEARE. + </p> + <p> + 6. + </p> + <pre> + Slave, do thy office`! Strike`, as I struck the foe`! + Strike`, as I would have struck the tyrants`! + Strike deep as my curse`! Strike`, and but once`! +</pre> + <p class="rauth"> + ID. + </p> + <p> + RULE IX. An emphatic succession of particulars, and emphatic + repetition, require the <i>falling</i> inflection. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLES. + </span> + <p> + 1. + </p> + <pre> + <i>Beware</i>` what earth calls happiness; BEWARE` + All joys but joys that never can expire`. +</pre> + <p> + 2. A great mind`, a great heart`, a great orator`, a great + career`, have been consigned to history`. + </p> + <p class="rauth"> + BUTLER. + </p> + <p> + REMARK.—The stress of voice on each successive + particular, or repetition, should gradually be increased as + the subject advances. + </p> + <p> + The CIRCUMFLEX is a union of the two inflections on the same + word, beginning either with the <i>falling</i> and ending + with the <i>rising</i>, or with the <i>rising</i> and ending + with the <i>falling</i>; as, If he goes to ____ I shall go to + ____. + </p> + <p> + The circumflex is mainly employed in the language of irony, + and in expressing ideas implying some condition, either + expressed or understood. + </p> + <!-- TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE: CIRCUMFLEX AS USED IN THE ORIGINAL TEXT + IS INVERTED AS COMPARED TO THE HTML ENTITIES USED FOR THIS + SECTION. IN THE ORIGINAL TEXT, THE CIRCUMFLEX ACCENT HAS THE + ENDS POINTING UPWARDS THUSLY, \_/. THE HTML ENTITIES HAVE THE + ENDS POINTING DOWNWARDS, AS /-\. + --> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLES. + </span> + <p> + 1. Yoû, a beardless yoûth, pretend to teach a + British gêneral. + </p> + <p> + 2. What! shear a wôlf? a prowling wôlf? + </p> + <p> + 3. + </p> + <pre> + My father's trâde? ah, really, that's too bad! + My father's trâde? Why, blockhead, are you mâd? + My father, sir, did never stoop so low,— + Hê was a gentleman, I'd have you know. +</pre> + <p> + 4. What! confer a crôwn on the author of the public + calâmities? + </p> + <p> + 5. But yoû are very wise men, and deeply learned in the + truth; wê are wêak, contêmptible, + mêan persons. + </p> + <p> + 6. They pretend they come to imprôve our stâte, + enlârge our thôughts, and freê us from + êrror. + </p> + <p> + 7. But yoûth, it seems, is not my ônly crime; I + have been accused of acting a theatrical part. + </p> + <p> + 8. And this man has become a gôd and Cassius a + wrêtched creature. + </p><a name="sect4"><!-- Marker --></a> + <h3> + SECTION IV.<br> + MODULATION. + </h3> + <p> + MODULATION implies those variations of the voice, heard in + reading or speaking, which are prompted by the feelings and + emotions that the subject inspires. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLES. + </span> + <span class="center"> + EXPRESSIVE OF COURAGE AND CHIVALROUS EXCITEMENT. + </span> + <pre> + FULL .- Once more unto the breach, dear friends, <i>once more</i>, + TONE '- Or close the wall up with our English dead! + MIDDLE .- In peace, there's nothing so becomes a man, + TONE '- As modest stillness and humility; + .- But when the blast of war blows in our ears, + SHORT | Then imitate the action of the tiger; + AND + Stiffen the sinews, summon up the blood, + QUICK '- Disguise fair nature with hard-favored rage. + .- <i>On</i>, ON, you noblest English, + HIGH | Whose blood is fetched from fathers of war-proof! + AND + <i>Fathers</i>, that, like so many Alexanders, + LOUD | Have, in these parts, from morn till even fought, + '- And sheathed their swords for lack of argument. + QUICK .- I see you stand like greyhounds in the slips, + AND | Straining upon the start. The game's afoot; + VERY + Follow your spirits, and, upon this charge, + LOUD '- CRY—HEAVEN FOR HARRY! ENGLAND! AND ST. GEORGE! + SHAKSPEARE. +</pre> + <p> + REMARK.—To read the foregoing example in one dull, + monotonous tone of voice, without regard to the sentiment + expressed, would render the passage extremely insipid and + lifeless. But by a proper modulation of the voice, it infuses + into the mind of the reader or hearer the most animating and + exciting emotions. + </p> + <p> + The voice is modulated in <i>three</i> different ways. + <i>First</i>, it is varied in PITCH; that is, from + <i>high</i> to <i>low</i> tones, and the reverse. + <i>Secondly</i>, it is varied in QUANTITY, or in + <i>loudness</i> or <i>volume</i> of sound. <i>Thirdly</i>, it + is varied in QUALITY, or in the <i>kind</i> of sound + expressed. + </p> + <h4> + PITCH OF VOICE. + </h4> + <p> + Pitch of voice has reference to its degree of elevation. + </p> + <p> + Every person, in reading or speaking, assumes a certain + pitch, which may be either <i>high</i> or <i>low</i>, + according to circumstances, and which has a governing + influence on the variations of the voice, above and below it. + This degree of elevation is usually called the KEY NOTE. + </p> + <p> + As an exercise in varying the voice in pitch, the practice of + uttering a sentence on the several degrees of elevation, as + represented in the following scale, will be found beneficial. + First, utter the musical syllables, then the vowel sound, and + lastly, the proposed sentence,—ascending and + descending. + </p> + <pre> +---------8.--do--#--<i>e</i>-in-m<i>e</i>.---Virtue alone survives.---- + 7. si # <i>i</i> in d<i>i</i>e. Virtue alone survives. +-------6.--la--#--<i>o</i>-in-d<i>o</i>.---Virtue alone survives.------ + 5. sol # <i>o</i> in n<i>o</i>. Virtue alone survives. +-----4.--fa--#--<i>a</i>-in-<i>a</i>t.---Virtue alone survives.-------- + 3. mi # <i>a</i>-in <i>a</i>te. Virtue alone survives. +---2.--re--#--<i>a</i>-in-f<i>a</i>r.--Virtue alone survives.---------- + 1. do # <i>a</i> in <i>a</i>ll. Virtue alone survives +</pre> + <p> + Although the voice is capable of as many variations in + speaking, as are marked on the musical scale, yet for all the + purposes of ordinary elocution, it will be sufficiently exact + if we make but <i>three</i> degrees of variation, viz., the + <i>Low</i>, the <i>Middle</i>, and the <i>High</i>. + </p> + <p> + 1. THE LOW PITCH is that which falls below the usual speaking + key, and is employed in expressing emotions of + <i>sublimity</i>, <i>awe</i>, and <i>reverence</i>. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLE. + </span> + <pre> + Silence, how dead! darkness, how profound! + Nor eye, nor list'ning ear, an object finds; + Creation sleeps. 'Tis as the general pulse + Of life stood still, and Nature made a pause.— + An awful pause! prophetic of her end. +</pre> + <p class="rauth"> + YOUNG. + </p> + <p> + 2. THE MIDDLE PITCH is that usually employed in common + conversation, and in expressing <i>unimpassioned thought</i> + and <i>moderate emotion</i>. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLES. + </span> + <p> + 1. It was early in a summer morning, when the air was cool, + the earth moist, the whole face of the creation fresh and + gay, that I lately walked in a beautiful flower garden, and, + at once, regaled the senses and indulged the fancy. + </p> + <p class="rauth"> + HERVEY. + </p> + <p> + 2. + </p> + <pre> + "<i>I love to live</i>," said a prattling boy, + As he gayly played with his new-bought toy, + And a merry laugh went echoing forth, + From a bosom filled with joyous mirth. +</pre><br> + <br> + <p> + 3. THE HIGH PITCH is that which rises above the usual + speaking key, and is used in expressing <i>joyous</i> and + <i>elevated feelings</i>. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLE. + </span> + <pre> + Higher, <i>higher</i>, EVER HIGHER,— + Let the watchword be "ASPIRE!" + Noble Christian youth; + Whatsoe'er be God's behest, + Try to do that duty best, + In the strength of Truth. +</pre> + <p class="rauth"> + M.F. TUPPER. + </p> + <h4> + QUANTITY. + </h4> + <p> + QUANTITY is two-fold;—consisting in FULLNESS or VOLUME + of sound, as <i>soft</i> or <i>loud</i>; and in TIME, as + <i>slow</i> or <i>quick</i>. The former has reference to + STRESS; the latter, to MOVEMENT. + </p> + <p> + The degrees of variation in quantity are numerous, varying + from a slight, soft whisper to a vehement shout. But for all + practical purposes, they may be considered as <i>three</i>, + the same as in pitch;—the <i>soft</i>, the + <i>middle</i>, and the <i>loud</i>. + </p> + <p> + For exercise in quantity, let the pupil read any sentence, + as, + </p> + <pre> + "Beauty is a fading flower," +</pre> + <p> + first in a slight, soft tone, and then repeat it, gradually + increasing in quantity to the full extent of the voice. Also, + let him read it first very slowly, and then repeat it, + gradually increasing the movement. In doing this, he should + be careful not to vary the pitch. + </p><br> + + <p> + In like manner, let him repeat any vowel sound, or all of + them, and also inversely. Thus: + </p> + <p> + [Illustration]<br> + <br> + [Transcriber's Note: The illustration is a row of the letter + "O," increasing in size across the page, followed by a row of + the letter "O" decreasing in size. The presumed intent is to + convey loudness.] + </p> + <p> + REMARK.—Quantity is often mistaken for Pitch. But it + should be borne in mind that quantity has reference to + <i>loudness</i> or <i>volume</i> of sound, and pitch to the + <i>elevation</i> or <i>depression</i> of a tone. The + difference may be distinguished by the slight and heavy + strokes on a bell;—both of which produce sounds alike + in <i>pitch</i>; but they differ in <i>quantity</i> or + <i>loudness</i>, in proportion as the strokes are light or + heavy. + </p> + <h4> + RULES FOR QUANTITY. + </h4> + <p> + 1. SOFT, OR SUBDUED TONES, are those which range from a + whisper to a complete vocality, and are used to express + <i>fear</i>, <i>caution</i>, <i>secrecy</i>, + <i>solemnity</i>, and all <i>tender emotions</i>. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLES. + </span> + <p> + 1. + </p> + <pre> +We watched her breathing through the night, + Her breathing soft and low, +As in her breast the wave of life + Kept heaving to and fro. +</pre> + <p class="rauth"> + HOOD. + </p> + <p> + 2. + </p> + <pre> +Softly, peacefully, + Lay her to rest; +Place the turf lightly, + On her young breast. +</pre> + <p class="rauth"> + D.E. GOODMAN. + </p> + <p> + 3. + </p> + <pre> +The loud wind dwindled to a whisper low, +And sighed for pity as it answered,—"No." +</pre> + <p> + 2. A MIDDLE TONE, or medium loudness of voice, is employed in + reading <i>narrative</i>, <i>descriptive</i>, or <i>didactic + sentences</i>. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLE. + </span> + <pre> + I love my country's pine-clad hills, + Her thousand bright and gushing rills, + Her sunshine and her storms; + Her rough and rugged rocks that rear + Their hoary heads high in the air, + In wild fantastic forms. +</pre> + <p> + 3. A LOUD TONE, or fullness and stress of voice, is used in + expressing <i>violent passions</i> and <i>vehement + emotions</i>. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLES. + </span> + <p> + 1. + </p> + <pre> +STAND! <i>the ground's your own</i>, my braves,— +Will ye give it up to <i>slaves</i>? +Will ye look for <i>greener graves</i>? + Hope ye mercy still? +What's the mercy <i>despots</i> feel? +Hear it in that <i>battle-peal</i>,— +Read it on yon bristling steel, + Ask it—<i>ye who will!</i> +</pre> + <p class="rauth"> + PIERPONT. + </p> + <p> + 2. + </p> + <pre> + "HOLD!" Tyranny cries; but their resolute breath + Sends back the reply: "INDEPENDENCE or DEATH!" +</pre><br> + <br> + <h4> + QUALITY. + </h4> + <p> + QUALITY has reference to <i>the kind of sound</i> uttered. + </p> + <p> + Two sounds may be alike in quantity and pitch, yet differ in + quality. The sounds produced on the clarinet and flute may + agree in pitch and quantity, yet be unlike in quality. The + same is true in regard to the tones of the voice of two + individuals. This difference is occasioned mainly by the + different positions of the vocal organs. + </p> + <p> + The qualities of voice mostly used in reading or speaking, + and which should receive the highest degree of culture, are + the <i>Pure Tone</i>, the <i>Orotund</i>, the + <i>Aspirated</i>, and the <i>Guttural</i>. + </p> + <h4> + RULES FOR QUALITY. + </h4> + <p> + 1. THE PURE TONE is a clear, smooth, sonorous flow of sound, + usually accompanied with the middle pitch of voice, and is + adapted to express emotions of <i>joy, cheerfulness, + love</i>, and <i>tranquillity</i>. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLE. + </span> + <pre> +Hail! beauteous stranger of the wood, + Attendant on the spring, +Now heaven repairs thy vernal seat, + And woods thy welcome sing. +</pre> + <p> + 2. THE OROTUND is a full, deep, round, and pure tone of + voice, peculiarly adapted in expressing <i>sublime</i> and + <i>pathetic emotions</i>. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLE. + </span> + <pre> + It thunders! Sons of dust, in reverence bow! + Ancient of Days! Thou speakest from above: + Almighty! trembling, like a timid child, + I hear thy awful voice. Alarmed—afraid— + I see the flashes of thy lightning wild, + And in the very grave would hide my head. +</pre> + <p> + 3. THE ASPIRATED TONE of voice is not a pure, vocal sound, + but rather a forcible breathing utterance, and is used to + express <i>amazement, fear, terror, anger, revenge, + remorse</i>, and <i>fervent emotions</i>. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLE. + </span> + <pre> + Oh, coward conscience, how dost thou affright me! + The lights burn blue. It is now dead midnight; + Cold, fearful drops stand on my trembling flesh. +</pre> + <p> + 4. THE GUTTURAL QUALITY is a deep, aspirated tone of voice, + used to express <i>aversion, hatred, loathing</i>, and + <i>contempt</i>. + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLE. + </span> + <pre> +Tell me I <i>hate</i> the bowl? + HATE is a feeble word: +I <i>loathe</i>, ABHOR, my very soul + With strong disgust is stirred, +Whene'er I see, or hear, or tell, + Of the dark beverage of hell. +</pre><a name="modnote"><!-- Marker --></a> + <h4> + NOTATION IN MODULATION. + </h4> + <table> + <tr> + <td> + (<sup>o</sup>) + </td> + <td> + high. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<sup>oo</sup>) + </td> + <td> + high and loud. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<sub>o</sub>) + </td> + <td> + low. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<sub>oo</sub>) + </td> + <td> + low and loud. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (=) + </td> + <td> + quick. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<i>''</i>) + </td> + <td> + short and quick. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<i>sl</i>.) + </td> + <td> + slow. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<i>p</i>.) + </td> + <td> + soft. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<i>pp</i>.) + </td> + <td> + very soft. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<i>f</i>.) + </td> + <td> + loud. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<i>ff</i>.) + </td> + <td> + very loud. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<i>pl</i>.) + </td> + <td> + plaintive. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<) + </td> + <td> + increase. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (>) + </td> + <td> + decrease. + </td> + </tr> + </table> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLES FOR EXERCISE IN MODULATION. + </span> + <table> + <tr> + <td> + + </td> + <td></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td class="w15"> + (<i>p</i>.) + </td> + <td> + Soft is the strain when zephyr gently blows, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + And the smooth stream in smoother numbers flows; + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<i>f</i>.) + </td> + <td> + But when loud surges lash the sounding shore, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + The hoarse rough verse should like the torrent roar. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + + </td> + <td></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<i>sl</i>.) + </td> + <td> + When Ajax strives some rock's vast weight to throw, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + The line, too, labors, and the words move slow: + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (=) + </td> + <td> + Not so, when swift Camilla scours the plain, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + Flies o'er the unbending corn, and skims along the main. + </td> + </tr> + </table> + <p class="rauth"> + POPE. + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <table> + <tr> + <td class="w15"> + (o=) + </td> + <td> + Go ring the bells and fire the guns, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + And fling the starry banner out; + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<i>ff</i>.) + </td> + <td> + Shout "FREEDOM" till your lisping ones + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + Give back the cradle shout. + </td> + </tr> + </table> + <p class="rauth"> + WHITTIER. + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <table> + <tr> + <td class="w15"> + (<i>pl</i>.) + </td> + <td> + "And now, farewell! 'Tis hard to give thee + up, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + With death so like a gentle slumber on + thee!— + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + And thy dark sin!—oh! I could drink the cup + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + If from this woe its bitterness had won thee. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + May God have called thee, like a wanderer, home, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + My lost boy, Absalom!" + </td> + </tr> + </table> + <p class="rauth"> + WILLIS. + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <table> + <tr> + <td class="w15"> + (<i>sl</i>.) + </td> + <td> + The sun hath set in folded clouds,— + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + Its twilight rays are gone, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (o) + </td> + <td> + And, gathered in the shades of night, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + The storm is rolling on. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<i>pl</i>.) + </td> + <td> + Alas! how ill that bursting storm + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (>) + </td> + <td> + The fainting spirit braves, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<i>p</i>.) + </td> + <td> + When they,—the lovely and the lost,— + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<i>pl</i>.) + </td> + <td> + Are gone to early graves! + </td> + </tr> + </table> + <p> + + </p> + <table> + <tr> + <td class="w15"> + (<sup>o</sup>) + </td> + <td> + On! onward still! o'er the land he sweeps, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (>) + </td> + <td> + With wreck, and ruin, and rush, and roar, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + Nor stops + to look back + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + On his + dreary track + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<i>''</i>) + </td> + <td> + But speeds to the spoils before. + </td> + </tr> + </table> + <p class="rauth"> + MISS J.H. LEWIS. + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <p> + From every battle-field of the revolution—from + Lexington and Bunker Hill—from Saratoga and + Yorktown—from the fields of Entaw—from the + cane-brakes that sheltered the men of Marion—the + repeated, long-prolonged echoes came up—(<i>f</i>.) + "THE UNION: IT MUST BE PRESERVED" (<) From every valley in + our land—from every cabin on the pleasant mountain + sides—from the ships at our wharves—from the + tents of the hunter in our westernmost prairies—from + the living minds of the living millions of American + freemen—from the thickly coming glories of + futurity—the shout went up, like the sound of many + waters, (<i>ff.</i>) "THE UNION: IT MUST BE PRESERVED." + </p> + <p class="rauth"> + BANCROFT. + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <table> + <tr> + <td class="w15"> + (<i>p</i>.) + </td> + <td> + + + + Hark! + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<i>sl</i>.) + </td> + <td> + Along the vales and mountains of the earth + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<sub>o</sub>) + </td> + <td> + There is a deep, portentous murmuring, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (=) + </td> + <td> + Like the swift rush of subterranean streams, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + Or like the mingled sounds of earth and air, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + When the fierce tempest, with sonorous wing, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + Heaves his deep folds upon the rushing winds, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<) + </td> + <td> + And hurries onward, with his night of clouds, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + Against the eternal mountains. 'Tis the voice + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + Of infant FREEDOM,—and her stirring call + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + Is heard and answered in a thousand tones + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<) + </td> + <td> + From every hill-top of her western home; + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + And lo! it breaks across old Ocean's flood,— + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<sup>oo</sup>) + </td> + <td> + And "FREEDOM! FREEDOM!" is the answering shout + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + Of nations, starting from the spell of years. + </td> + </tr> + </table> + <p class="rauth"> + G.D. PRENTICE. + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <table> + <tr> + <td class="w15"> + (<) + </td> + <td> + + The + thunders hushed,— + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + The trembling lightning fled away in fear,— + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<i>p.</i>) + </td> + <td> + The foam-capt surges sunk to quiet rest,— + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + The raging winds grew still,— + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<i>pp</i>.) + </td> + <td> + + There was + a calm. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<sup>o</sup>,<sup>o</sup>,) + </td> + <td> + "Quick! Man the boat!" (=) Away they spring + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + The stranger ship to aid, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<i>f</i>.) + </td> + <td> + And loud their hailing voices ring, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + As rapid speed they made. + </td> + </tr> + </table> + <p> + + </p> + <table> + <tr> + <td class="w15"> + (p) + </td> + <td> + Hush! lightly tread! still tranquilly she sleeps; + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + I've watched, suspending e'en my breath, in fear + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + To break the heavenly spell. (<i>pp</i>.) Move silently. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + + + + Can it + be? + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + Matter immortal? and shall spirit die? + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + Above the nobler, shall less nobler rise? + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<) + </td> + <td> + Shall man alone, for whom all else revives, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + No resurrection know? (<sup>o</sup><) Shall man alone, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + Imperial man! be sown in barren ground, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + Less privileged than grain, on which he feeds? + </td> + </tr> + </table> + <p class="rauth"> + YOUNG. + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <table> + <tr> + <td class="w15"> + (=) + </td> + <td> + Away! away to the mountain's brow, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + Where the trees are gently waving; + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<i>''</i>) + </td> + <td> + Away! away to the vale below, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + Where the streams are gently laving. + </td> + </tr> + </table> + <p> + + </p> + <table> + <tr> + <td class="w15"></td> + <td> + An hour passed on;—the Turk awoke;— + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + That bright dream was his last;— + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + He woke—to hear his sentry's shriek, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<sup>oo</sup>) + </td> + <td> + "To ARMS! they come! (<i>ff</i>.) THE GREEK! THE GREEK!" + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<i>pl</i>.) + </td> + <td> + He woke to die, midst flame and smoke, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + And shout, and groan, and sabre stroke, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + And death shots falling thick and fast + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + As lightnings from the mountain cloud; + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + And heard, with voice as trumpet loud, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + Bozzaris cheer his band;— + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<sup>oo</sup>) + </td> + <td> + "<i>Strike</i>—till the last armed foe expires! + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + <i>Strike</i>—for your altars and your fires! + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + <i>Strike</i>—for the green graves of your sires! + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + God, and your native land!" + </td> + </tr> + </table> + <p class="rauth"> + HALLECK. + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <table> + <tr> + <td class="w15"></td> + <td> + He said, and on the rampart hights arrayed + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + His trusty warriors, few, but undismayed; + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<i>sl</i>) + </td> + <td> + Firm paced and slow, a horrid front they form, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<i>pp</i>) + </td> + <td> + Still as the breeze, (<sub>oo</sub>) but dreadful as the + storm! + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<i>p</i>.) + </td> + <td> + Low, murmuring sounds along their banners fly, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<i>ff</i>.) + </td> + <td> + REVENGE, or DEATH!—the watchword and reply; + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<sup>oo</sup>) + </td> + <td> + Then pealed the notes, omnipotent to charm, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<i>f</i>.) + </td> + <td> + And the loud tocsin tolled their last alarm! + </td> + </tr> + </table> + <p class="rauth"> + CAMPBELL. + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <p> + (<sub>o</sub>') His speech was at first low toned and slow. + Sometimes his voice would deepen, (<sub>oo</sub>) like the + sound of distant thunder; and anon, (<i>''</i>) his flashes + of wit and enthusiasm would light up the anxious faces of his + hearers, (<) like the far-off lightning of a coming storm. + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <table> + <tr> + <td class="w15"> + (>) + </td> + <td> + Receding now, the dying numbers ring + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<i>p</i>.) + </td> + <td> + Fainter and fainter, down the rugged dell: + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<i>pp</i>.) + </td> + <td> + And now 'tis silent all—enchantress, fare thee + well. + </td> + </tr> + </table> + <p> + + </p> + <table> + <tr> + <td class="w15"> + (=) + </td> + <td> + Oh, joy to the world! the hour is come, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + When the nations to freedom awake, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + When the royalists stand agape and dumb, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + And monarchs with terror shake! + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + Over the walls of majesty, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + "Upharsin" is writ in words of fire, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + And the eyes of the bondmen, wherever they be, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + Are lit with their wild desire. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<) + </td> + <td> + Soon, soon shall the thrones that blot the world, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + Like the Orleans, into the dust be hurl'd, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + And the world roll on, like a hurricane's breath, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + Till the farthest nation hears what it saith.— + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<i>ff</i>.) + </td> + <td> + "ARISE! + ARISE! BE FREE!" + </td> + </tr> + </table> + <p class="rauth"> + T.B. READ. + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <table> + <tr> + <td class="w15"> + (<i>p</i>.<sub>o</sub>) + </td> + <td> + Tread softly—bow the head,— + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + In reverent silence bow,— + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + No passing bell doth toll,— + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<i>pl</i>.) + </td> + <td> + Yet an immortal soul + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + Is passing now. + </td> + </tr> + </table> + <p class="rauth"> + MRS. SOUTHEY. + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <p> + (<sup>o</sup><sub><i>f</i></sub>.) SPEAK OUT, my friends; + would you exchange it for the DEMON'S DRINK, (<i>ff</i>.) + ALCOHOL? A <i>shout</i>, like the <i>roar</i> of a tempest, + answered, (<sup>oo</sup>) NO! + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <table> + <tr> + <td class="w15"> + (<sup>oo</sup>) + </td> + <td> + The combat deepens! (<i>ff</i>.) ON! YE BRAVE! + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (=) + </td> + <td> + Who rush to GLORY, (<i>p</i>.) or the GRAVE! + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<i>ff</i>.) + </td> + <td> + WAVE, <i>Munich</i>, all thy banners WAVE! + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + And + CHARGE with all thy CHIVALRY! + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<i>pl</i>.) + </td> + <td> + Ah! few shall part where many meet! + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + The snow shall be their winding sheet, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + And every turf beneath their feet + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<sup><i>sl.</i></sup><sub>o</sub>) + </td> + <td> + Shall be + a soldier's sepulcher! + </td> + </tr> + </table> + <p class="rauth"> + CAMPBELL. + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <table> + <tr> + <td class="w15"> + (<i>sl</i>.) + </td> + <td> + At length, o'er Columbus slow consciousness breaks, + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<sup>oo</sup>) + </td> + <td> + "LAND! LAND!" cry the sailors; (<i>ff</i>.) "LAND! + LAND!"—he awakes,— + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<i>''</i>) + </td> + <td> + He runs,—yes! behold it! it blesseth his sight! + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + THE LAND! <i>O, dear spectacle! transport! delight!</i> + </td> + </tr> + </table> + <h3> + SECTION V. + </h3> + <h4> + THE RHETORICAL PAUSE. + </h4> + <p> + RHETORICAL PAUSES are those which are frequently required by + the voice in reading and speaking, although the construction + of the passage admits of no grammatical point. + </p> + <p> + These pauses should be as manifest to the ear, as those which + are indicated by the comma, semicolon, or other grammatical + points, though not commonly denoted by any visible sign. In + the following examples they are denoted thus, (||). + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLES. + </span> + <p> + 1. + </p> + <pre> + In slumbers of midnight || the sailor-boy lay, + His hammock swung loose || at the sport of the wind; + But watch-worn and weary, || his cares flew away, + And visions of happiness || danced o'er his mind. +</pre> + <p class="rauth"> + DIMOND. + </p> + <p> + 2. + </p> + <pre> + There is a land, || of every land the pride, + Beloved of heaven || o'er all the world beside; + Where brighter suns || dispense serener light, + And milder moons || imparadise the night. + O, thou shalt find, || howe'er thy footsteps roam, + That land thy country, || and that spot thy home! +</pre><br> + <br> + <p> + This pause is generally made before or after the utterance of + some important word or clause on which it is especially + desired to fix the attention. In such cases it is usually + denoted by the use of the dash (—). + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLES. + </span> + <p> + 1. God said—"<i>Let there be light!</i>" + </p> + <p> + 2. + </p> + <pre> + All dead and silent was the earth, + In deepest night it lay; + The Eternal spoke creation's word, + And called to being—Day! +</pre> + <p> + No definite rule can be given with reference to the length of + the rhetorical, or grammatical pause. The correct taste of + the reader or speaker must determine it. For the voice should + sometimes be suspended much longer at the same pause in one + situation than in another; as in the two following + </p> + <span class="center"> + EXAMPLES. + </span> + <span class="center"> + LONG PAUSE. + </span> + <p> + Pause a moment. I heard a footstep. Listen now. I heard it + again; but it is going from us. It sounds + fainter,—still fainter. It is gone. + </p> + <span class="center"> + SHORT PAUSE. + </span> + <p> + John, be quick. Get some water. Throw the powder overboard. + "It can not be reached." Jump into the boat, then. Shove off. + There goes the powder. Thank Heaven. We are safe. + </p> + <hr> + <span class="center"> + REMARKS TO TEACHERS. + </span> + <p> + It is of the utmost importance, in order to secure an easy + and elegant style in reading, to refer the pupil often to the + more important principles involved in a just elocution. To + this end, it will be found very advantageous, occasionally to + review the rules and directions given in the preceding pages, + and thus early accustom him to apply them in the subsequent + reading lessons. For a wider range of examples and + illustrations, it is only necessary to refer to the numerous + and various exercises which form the body of this book. They + have been selected, in many cases, with a special view to + this object. + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <p> + + </p> + <h2> + PART SECOND. + </h2> + <h3> + <a name="lesson1"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON I. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + HER' O ISM, bravery; courage.<br> + MA LI" CIOUS, ill disposed; resentful.<br> + AM BI" TION, eager desire.<br> + SAR CAS' TIC, severe; cutting.<br> + DE RIS' ION, ridicule.<br> + CON FER' RED, bestowed.<br> + RES' CU ED, saved; preserved.<br> + DIS AS' TER, calamity.<br> + IN CLIN' ED, disposed.<br> + SYM' PA THY, fellow-feeling.<br> + TEN' DER ED, offered.<br> + A POL' O GY, excuse. + </div> + <h4> + TRUE HEROISM. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + OSBORNE. + </p> + <p> + 1. I shall never forget a lesson which I received when quite + a young lad, while attending an Academy. Among my schoolmates + were Hartly and Vincent. They were both older than myself, + and Vincent was looked up to, as a sort of leader in matters + of opinion, and in directing our sports. + </p> + <p> + 2. He was not, at heart, a malicious boy; but he had a + foolish ambition of being thought witty and sarcastic; and he + made himself feared by a habit of turning things into + ridicule. He seemed to be constantly looking out for + something to occur, which he could turn into derision. + </p> + <p> + 3. Hartly was a new scholar, and little was known of him + among the boys. One morning as we were on our way to school, + he was seen driving a cow along the road toward the pasture. + A group of boys, among whom was Vincent, met him as he was + passing. + </p> + <p> + 4. "Now," said Vincent, "let us have a little sport with our + country rustic." So saying, he exclaimed: "Halloo, Jonathan! + [Footnote: A title frequently applied to the Yankees by the + English.] what is the price of milk? What do you feed her on? + What will you take for all the gold on her horns? Boys, if + you want to see the latest Paris style, look at those boots!" + </p> + <p> + 5. Hartly waved his hand at us with a pleasant smile, and, + driving the cow to the field, took down the bars of a + rail-fence, saw her safely in the pasture, and then, putting + up the bars, came and entered the school with the rest of us. + After school, in the afternoon, he let out the cow, and drove + her away, none of us knew where. Every day, for two or three + weeks, he went through the same task. + </p> + <p> + 6. The boys who attended the Academy, were nearly all the + sons of wealthy parents, and some of them were foolish enough + to look down, with a sort of disdain, upon a scholar who had + to drive a cow to pasture; and the sneers and jeers of + Vincent were often repeated. + </p> + <p> + 7. One day, he refused to sit next to Hartly in school, on a + pretense that he did not like the odor of the barn. Sometimes + he would inquire of Hartly after the cow's health, + pronouncing the word "ke-ow," after the manner of some + people. + </p> + <p> + 8. Hartly bore all these silly attempts to wound his feelings + and annoy him, with the utmost good nature. He never once + returned an angry look or word. One time, Vincent said: + "Hartly, I suppose your father intends to make a milkman of + you." + </p> + <p> + 9. "Why not?" said Hartly. "Oh, nothing," said Vincent; "only + do not leave much water in the cans after rinsing + them—that's all!" The boys laughed, and Hartly, not in + the least mortified, replied: "Never fear; if I ever rise to + be a milkman, I will give <i>good measure</i> and <i>good + milk</i> too." + </p> + <p> + 10. A few days after this conversation, there was a public + exhibition, at which a number of ladies and gentlemen from + the city, was present. Prizes were awarded by the Principal + of the Academy, and Hartly and Vincent each received one; + for, in respect to scholarship, they were about equal. + </p> + <p> + 11. After the prizes were distributed, the Principal remarked + that there was <i>one prize</i>, consisting of a medal, which + was <i>rarely</i> awarded, not so much on account of its + great value, as because the instances are <i>rare</i> that + merit it. It is THE PRIZE FOR HEROISM. The last boy on whom + it was conferred, was Master Manners, who, three years ago, + rescued the blind girl from drowning. + </p> + <p> + 12. The Principal then said, "With the permission of the + company, I will relate a short story. Not long since, some + boys were flying a kite in the street, just as a poor boy on + horseback rode by, on his way to mill. The horse took fright, + and threw the boy, injuring him so badly that he was carried + home, and confined for some weeks to his bed. + </p> + <p> + 13. "None of the boys who had caused the disaster, followed + to learn the fate of the wounded boy. There was one, however, + who witnessed the accident from a distance, and went to + render what service he could. He soon learned that the + wounded boy was the grandson of a poor widow, whose only + support consisted in selling the milk of a fine cow, of which + she was the owner. + </p> + <p> + 14. "Alas! what could she now do? She was old and lame, and + her grandson, on whom she depended to drive the cow to + pasture, was now sick and helpless. 'Never mind, good woman,' + said the boy, 'I can drive your cow.' With thanks, the poor + widow accepted his offer. + </p> + <p> + 15. "But the boy's kindness did not stop here. Money was + wanted to purchase medicine. 'I have money that my mother + sent me to buy a pair of boots,' said the boy; 'but I can do + without them for the present.' + </p> + <p> + 16. "'Oh, no!' said the old lady, 'I can not consent to that; + but here is a pair of cowhide boots that I bought for Henry, + who can not wear them. If you will buy them, giving me what + they cost, I can get along very well.' The boy bought the + boots, clumsy as they were, and has worn them up to this + time. + </p> + <p> + 17. "When the other boys of the Academy saw this scholar + driving a cow to the pasture, he was assailed with laughter + and ridicule. His thick cowhide boots, in particular, were + made matters of mirth. But he kept on cheerfully and bravely, + day after day, driving the widow's cow to the pasture, and + wearing his thick boots, contented in the thought that he was + <i>doing right</i>, not caring for all the jeers and sneers + that could be uttered. + </p> + <p> + 18. "He never undertook to explain why he drove the cow; for + he was not inclined to display his charitable motives, and + besides, in heart, he had no sympathy with the false pride + that looks with ridicule on any useful employment. It was by + <i>mere accident</i> that his course of conduct and + self-denial, was yesterday discovered by his teacher. + </p> + <p> + 19. "And now, ladies and gentlemen, I appeal to you. Was + there not <i>true heroism</i> in this boy's conduct? Nay, + Master Hartly, do not steal out of sight behind the + blackboard! You were not ashamed of <i>ridicule</i>—you + must not shun <i>praise. Come forth, come forth, Master + Edward James Hartly, and let us see your honest face!</i>" + </p> + <p> + 20. As Hartly, with blushing cheeks, made his appearance, the + whole company greeted him with a round of applause for his + <i>heroic conduct</i>. The ladies stood upon benches, and + waved their handkerchiefs. The old men clapped their hands, + and wiped the moisture from the corners of their eyes. Those + clumsy boots on Hartly's feet seemed prouder ornaments, than + a crown would have been on his head. The medal was bestowed + on him, amid the applause of the whole company. + </p> + <p> + 21. Vincent was heartily ashamed of his ill-natured sneers, + and, after the school was dismissed, he went, with tears in + his eyes, and tendered his hand to Hartly, making a handsome + apology for his past ill manners. "Think no more about it," + said Hartly; "let us all go and have a ramble in the woods, + before we break up for vacation." The boys, one and all, + followed Vincent's example, and then, with shouts and huzzas, + they all set forth into the woods—a happy, cheerful + group. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. In what way did Vincent try to make + derision of Hartly? 2. How did Hartly receive it? 3. For what + did Hartly receive a prize from his teacher? 4. How did the + spectators manifest their approbation of Hartly's conduct? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson2"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON II. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + A VERT' ED, turned aside.<br> + RE PENT' ANT, contrite; sorrowful.<br> + SIN CERE', honest; true-hearted.<br> + SE VERE', harsh; rigid<br> + TAUNTS, scoffs; insults.<br> + PLATE, dishes of gold or silverware.<br> + DE SERT', forsake; abandon.<br> + FAIL' URE, want of success.<br> + SID' ING, taking part.<br> + TYR' AN NY, oppression; cruelty. + </div> + <h4> + YOU AND I. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + CHARLES MACKAY. + </p> + <pre> +1. Who would scorn his humble fellow + For the coat he wears? + For the poverty he suffers? + For his daily cares? + Who would pass him in the foot-way + With averted eye? + Would you, brother'? No`,—you <i>would</i> not. + If <i>you</i> would,—not <i>I</i>. +2. Who, when vice or crime repentant, + With a grief sincere, + Asked for pardon, would refuse it, + More than heaven severe? + Who, to erring woman's sorrow, + Would with taunts reply? + Would <i>you</i>, brother'! No`,—you <i>would</i> not. + If <i>you</i> would,—not <i>I</i>. +3. Would you say that Vice is Virtue + In a hall of state'? + Or, that rogues are not dishonest + If they dine off plate'? + Who would say Success and Merit + Ne'er part company? + Would <i>you</i>, brother'? No`,—you <i>would</i> not. + If <i>you</i> would,—not <i>I</i>. +4. Who would give a cause his efforts + When the cause is strong; + But desert it on its failure, + Whether right or wrong`? + Ever siding with the upmost, + Letting downmost lie? + Would <i>you</i>, brother'? No`,—you <i>would</i> not. + If <i>you</i> would,—not <i>I</i>. +5. Who would lend his arm to strengthen + Warfare with the right`? + Who would give his pen to blacken + Freedom's page of light`? + Who would lend his tongue to utter + Praise of tyranny? + Would <i>you</i>, brother'? No`,—you <i>would</i> not. + If <i>you</i> would,—not <i>I</i>. +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What rule for the rising and falling + inflections, first verse? See page 28. 2. Repeat the rule. 3. + What rule for the falling inflections, fifth verse? See page + 29. 4. Repeat the rule. What is the meaning of the suffix + <i>en</i>, in the words <i>strengthen</i>, <i>blacken?</i> + See SANDERS and McELLIGOTT'S ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH WORDS, p. + 132, Ex. 174. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson3"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON III. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + WAR' FARE, conflict; struggle.<br> + CLUTCH ES, paws; firm grasp.<br> + DO MIN' ION, rule; sway.<br> + PIN' ION, wing; as of a bird.<br> + PRE' CIOUS, costly; valuable.<br> + SCOFF' ER, scorner.<br> + VA' RI ED, changing; different.<br> + WAVES, moves to and fro.<br> + PRO PHET' IC, (<i>ph</i> like <i>f</i>.) foretelling.<br> + DE SPISE', scorn; disdain.<br> + GOAL, the mark that bounds a race.<br> + BECK' ON, motion; invite with the hand. + </div> + <h4> + LIFE'S WORK. + </h4> + <pre> +1. <i>Life is onward:</i> use it + With a forward aim; + Toil is heavenly: choose it, + And its warfare claim. + Look not to another + To perform your will; + Let not your own brother + Keep your warm hand still. +2. <i>Life is onward:</i> never + Look upon the past; + It would hold you ever + In its clutches fast. +<i>Now</i> is your dominion; + Weave it as you please; + Bid not the soul's pinion + To a bed of ease. +3. <i>Life is onward:</i> try it, + Ere the day is lost; + It hath virtue: buy it, + At whatever cost. + If the World should offer + Every precious gem, + Look not at the scoffer, + Change it not for them. +4. <i>Life is onward:</i> heed it, + In each varied dress; + Your own <i>act</i> can speed it + On to happiness. + His bright pinion o'er you + Time waves not in vain, + If Hope chant before you + Her prophetic strain. +5. <i>Life is onward:</i> prize it, + In sunshine and in storm; + Oh! do not despise it + In its humblest form. + Hope and Joy together, + Standing at the goal, + Through life's darkest weather + Beckon on the soul. +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What do <i>it</i> and <i>them</i> refer + to, third verse, last line? 2. Repeat the word + <i>sunshine</i> several times in quick succession. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson4"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON IV. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + AC CUS' TOM ED, used; habituated.<br> + PLAN TA' TIONS, settlements.<br> + PRO TEC' TION, safety; defense.<br> + RE PROACH' FUL, reproving.<br> + CAP' TUR ED, taken prisoners.<br> + DE CID' ED, concluded.<br> + COR O NET, little crown.<br> + SA LUT' ED, greeted.<br> + MON' ARCH, sovereign; ruler.<br> + CON CEAL' ED, hid; secreted.<br> + RE STOR' ED, brought back.<br> + VI' O LENCE, outrage; wrong.<br> + RE BUK' ED, reproved.<br> + LEAGUE, compact; alliance.<br> + TER' RI BLE, fearful; dreadful.<br> + AT TEND' ANT, waiter; servant. + </div> + <h4> + THE YOUNG CAPTIVES. + </h4> + <p> + 1. Many years ago, dining the early settlements in New + England, the children were accustomed to gather large + quantities of nuts, which grew in great abundance in the + forests that surrounded their little plantations. + </p> + <p> + 2. In one of these nut-gatherings, a little boy and girl, the + one eight and the other four years of age, whose mother was + dead, became separated from their companions. On their way + home, they came across some wild grapes, and were busily + engaged in gathering them, till the last rays of the setting + sun were fading away. + </p> + <p> + 3. Suddenly they were seized by two Indians. The boy + struggled violently, and his little sister cried to him for + protection; but in vain. The Indians soon bore them far + beyond the bounds of the settlement. Night was far advanced + before they halted. Then they kindled a fire, and offered the + children some food. + </p> + <p> + 4. The heart of the boy swelled high with grief and anger, + and he refused to eat. But the poor little girl took some + parched corn from the hand of the Indian who held her on his + knee. He smiled as he saw her eat the kernels, and look up in + his face with a wondering, yet reproachful eye. Then they lay + down to sleep in the dark forest, each with an arm over his + little captive. + </p> + <p> + 5. Great was the alarm in the colony when these children did + not return. Every spot was searched, where it was thought + possible they might have lost their way. But when, at length, + their little basket was found, overturned in a tangled + thicket, they came to the conclusion that they must have been + captured by the Indians. + </p> + <p> + 6. It was decided that before any warlike measures were + adopted, the father should go peacefully to the Indian king, + and demand his children. At the earliest dawn of morning he + departed with his companions. They met a friendly Indian + pursuing the chase, who consented to be their guide. + </p> + <p> + 7. They traveled through rude paths, until the day drew near + a close. Then, approaching a circle of native dwellings, in + the midst of which was a tent, they saw a man of lofty form, + with a coronet of feathers upon his brow, and surrounded by + warriors. The guide saluted him as his monarch, and the + bereaved father, bowing down, thus addressed him: + </p> + <p> + 8. "King of the red men, thou seest a father in pursuit of + his lost children. He has heard that your people will not + harm the stranger in distress. So he trusts himself + fearlessly among you. The king of our own native land, who + should have protected us, became our foe. We fled from our + dear homes—from the graves of our fathers. + </p> + <p> + 9. "The ocean wave brought us to this New World. We are a + peaceful race, pure from the blood of all men. We seek to + take the hand of our red brethren. Of my own kindred, none + inhabit this wilderness, save two little buds, from a broken, + buried stem. + </p> + <p> + 10. "Last night, sorrow entered into my soul, because I found + them not. Knowest thou, O king, if thy people have taken my + children'? Knowest thou where they have concealed them'? + Cause them, I pray thee, to be restored to my arms. So shall + the Great Spirit bless thy own tender plants, and lift up thy + heart when it weigheth heavily on they bosom." + </p> + <p> + 11. The Indian monarch, fixing on him a piercing glance, + said: "Knowest thou me'? Look in my eyes`! Look`! Answer me`! + Are they the eyes of a stranger`!" The bereaved father + replied that he had no recollection of having ever before + seen his countenance. + </p> + <p> + 12. "Thus it is with the white man. He is dim-eyed. He + looketh on the <i>garments</i> more than on the <i>soul</i>. + Where your plows turn up the earth, oft have I stood watching + your toil. There was no coronet on my brow. But I was king. + And you knew it not. + </p> + <p> + 13. "I looked upon your people. I saw neither pride nor + violence. I went an <i>enemy</i>, but returned a + <i>friend</i>. I said to my warriors, 'Do these men no harm. + They do not hate Indians.' Then our white-haired prophet of + the Great Spirit rebuked me. He bade me make no league with + the pale faces, lest angry words should be spoken of me, + among the shades of our buried kings. + </p> + <p> + 14. "Yet, again, I went where thy brethren have reared their + dwellings. Yes; I entered thy house. <i>And thou knowest not + this brow'?</i> I could tell <i>thine</i> at midnight, if but + a single star trembled through the clouds. My ear would know + <i>thy</i> voice, though the storm was abroad with all its + thunders. + </p> + <p> + 15. "I have said that I was king. Yet I came to thee hungry, + and thou gavest me bread. My head was wet with the tempest. + Thou badest me lie down on thy couch, and thy son, for whom + thou mournest, covered me. + </p> + <p> + 16. "I was sad in spirit, and thy little daughter, whom thou + seekest with tears, sat on my knee. She smiled when I told + her how the beaver buildeth his house in the forest. My heart + was comforted, for I saw that she did not hate Indians. + </p> + <p> + 17. "Turn not on me such a terrible eye. I am no stealer of + babes. I have reproved the people who took thy children. I + have sheltered them for thee. Not a hair of their head is + hurt. Thinkest thou that the red man can forget kindness'? + They are sleeping in my tent. Had I but a single blanket, it + should have been their bed. Take them, and return unto thy + people." + </p> + <p> + 18. He waved his hand to an attendant, and, in a moment, the + two children were in the arms of their father. The white men + were kindly sheltered for that night, and, the next day, they + bore the children to their home, and the people rejoiced at + their safe return. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. By whom wore those children taken + captive? 2. Who went in search of them? 3. What did he say to + the king of the tribe? 4. What reply did the Indian monarch + make? 5. Were the children restored to their father? 6. What + is meant by the <i>New World</i>, 9th paragraph? 7. What by + <i>two little buds, from a broken, buried stem</i>, same + paragraph? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson5"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON V. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + IM' AGE. form; likeness.<br> + ELAPS' ED, glided away.<br> + WAY' WARD NESS, perverseness.<br> + SHUD' DER ING, chilling tremor.<br> + PAS' SION ATE, easily excited to anger.<br> + MAS' TER Y, rule; sway.<br> + HEAD' STRONG, stubborn; obstinate.<br> + UN DER WENT', experienced.<br> + AF FEC' TION, love; attachment.<br> + THRESH' OLD, entrance.<br> + ANX I' E TY, care; solicitude.<br> + PER PET' U AL, continual. + </div> + <h4> + MY MOTHER'S LAST KISS. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + MRS. E. OAKES SMITH. + </p> + <p> + 1. I was but five years old when my mother died; but her + image is as fresh in my mind, now that twenty years have + elapsed, as it was at the time of her death. I remember her, + as a pale, gentle being, with a sweet smile, and a voice soft + and cheerful when she praised me; and when I had erred, (for + I was a wild, thoughtless child,) there was a mild and tender + earnestness in her reproofs, that always went to my little + heart. + </p> + <p> + 2. Methinks I can now see her large, blue eyes moist with + sorrow, because of my childish waywardness, and hear her + repeat: "My child, how can you grieve me so?" She had, for a + long time, been pale and feeble, and sometimes there would + come a bright spot on her cheek, which made her look so + lovely, I thought she must be well. But then she spoke of + dying, and pressed me to her bosom, and told me to be good + when she was gone, and to love my father, and be kind to him; + for he would have no one else to love. + </p> + <p> + 3. I recollect she was ill all day, and my little hobbyhorse + and whip were laid aside, and I tried to be very quiet. I did + not see her for the whole day, and it seemed very long. At + night, they told me my mother was too sick to kiss me, as she + always had done before I went to bed, and I must go without + it. But I could not. I stole into the room, and placing my + lips close to hers, whispered: "Mother, dear mother, won't + you kiss me?" + </p> + <p> + 4. Her lips were very cold, and when she put her hand upon my + cheek, and laid my head on her bosom, I felt a cold + shuddering pass all through me. My father carried me from the + room; but he could not speak. After they put me in bed, I lay + a long while thinking; I feared my mother would, indeed, die; + for her cheek felt cold, as my little sister's did when she + died, and they carried her little body away where I never saw + it again. But I soon fell asleep. + </p> + <p> + 5. In the morning I rushed to my mother's room, with a + strange dread of evil to come upon me. It was just as I + feared. A white linen covered her straight, cold form. I + removed it from her face: her eyes were closed, and her + cheeks were hard and cold. But my mother's dear, dear smile + was there, or my heart would have broken. + </p> + <p> + 6. In an instant, all the little faults, for which she had so + often reproved me, rushed upon my mind. I longed to tell her + how good I would always be, if she would but stay with me. I + longed to tell her how, in all time to come, her words would + be a law to me. I would be all that she had wished me to be. + </p> + <p> + 7. I was a passionate, headstrong boy; and never did this + frame of temper come upon me, but I seemed to see her mild, + tearful eyes full upon me, just as she used to look in life; + and when I strove for the mastery over my passions, her smile + seemed to cheer my heart, and I was happy. + </p> + <p> + 8. My whole character underwent a change, even from the + moment of her death. Her spirit seemed to be always with me, + <i>to aid the good</i> and <i>root out the evil</i> that was + in me. I felt it would grieve her gentle spirit to see me + err, and I <i>could not</i>, <i>would not</i>, do so. + </p> + <p> + 9. I was the child of her affection. I knew she had prayed + and wept over me; and that even on the threshold of the + grave, her anxiety for my welfare had caused her spirit to + linger, that she might pray once more for me. I never forgot + my mother's last kiss. It was with me in sorrow; it was with + me in joy; it was with me in moments of evil, like a + perpetual good. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What was the age of the person + represented in this piece? 2. What, when his mother died? 3. + What did he say of himself when a child? 4. Had he ever + grieved his mother? 5. What did he say of his <i>faults</i>, + after his mother's death? 6. What did he desire to tell her? + 7. How ought you to treat your mother, in order to avoid the + reproaches of your own conscience? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson6"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON VI. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + SUR PRISE', amazement.<br> + PER' ISH ED, died.<br> + STINT' ED, small of size.<br> + STERN, severe; harsh; rigid.<br> + LOI' TER, linger; tarry.<br> + STAG' GER ED, reeled to and fro.<br> + FORD' ED, waded.<br> + ES CAP ED, fled from. + </div> + <h4> + THE DEAD CHILD'S FORD. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + MRS. E. OAKES SMITH. + </p> + <pre> +1. "Dear mother, here's the <i>very</i> place + Where little John was found, + The water covering up his face, + His feet upon the ground. + Now won't you tell me <i>all about</i> + The death of little John'? + And how the woman sent him out + Long after sun was down'? + And tell me <i>all about the wrong</i>, + And <i>that</i> will make the story long." +2. I took the child upon my knee + Beside the lake so clear; + For <i>there</i> the tale of misery + Young Edward begged to hear + He looked into my <i>very</i> eyes, + With sad and earnest face, + And caught his breath with wild surprise, + And turned to mark the place + Where <i>perished</i>, years agone, the child + Alone, beneath the waters wild. +3. "A weakly orphan boy was John, + A barefoot, stinted child, + Whose work-day task was never done, + Who wept when others smiled. + Around his home the trees were high, + Down to the water's brink, + And almost hid the pleasant sky, + Where wild deer came to drink." +(")"And did they come, the pretty deer'? + And did they drink the water here'?" +4. Cried Edward, with a wondering eye: + "Now, mother, tell to me, + Was John about as <i>large</i> as I'? + Pray tell, how <i>big</i> was he'?" + "He was an <i>older</i> boy than <i>you</i>, + And <i>stouter</i> every way; + For, water from the well he drew, + And hard he worked all day. + But then poor John was sharp and thin, + With sun-burnt hair and sun-burnt skin. +5. "His mother used to spin and weave; + From farm to farm she went; + And, though it made her much to grieve, + She John to service sent. + He lived with one, a woman stern, + Of hard and cruel ways; + And he must bring her wood to burn, + From forest and highways; + And then, at night, on cold, hard bed, + He laid his little, aching head. +6. "The weary boy had toiled all day + With heavy spade and hoe; + His mistress met him on the way, + And bade him quickly go + And bring her home some sticks of wood, + For she would bake and brew; + When he returned, she'd give him food; + For she had much to do. + And then she charged him not to stay, + Nor loiter long upon the way. +7. "He went; but scarce his toil-worn feet + Could crawl along the wood, + He was so spent with work and heat, + And faint for lack of food. + He bent his aching, little back + To bear the weight along, + And staggered then upon the track; + For John was <i>never</i> strong; + His eyesight, too, began to fail, + And he grew giddy, faint, and pale. +8. "The load was small, <i>quite</i> small, 'tis true, + But John could bring no more; + The woman in a rage it threw,— + She stamped upon the floor. +(<i>f</i>.) 'No supper you shall have to-night; + So go along to bed, + You good-for-nothing, ugly fright, + You little stupid-head!'" + Said Edward: "<i>I</i> would <i>never</i> go; + She wouldn't <i>dare</i> to serve <i>me</i> so!" +9. "The moon-beams fell upon the child + As, weeping, there he lay; + And gusty winds were sweeping wild + Along the forest way, + When up rose John, at dead of night; + For he would see his mother; +<i>She</i> loved her child, although <i>he</i> might + Be <i>nothing</i> to another. + That narrow creek he forded o'er,— + 'Tis nearer than around the shore. +10. "But here the shore is rough, you see; + The bank is high and steep; + And John, who climbed on hands and knee, + His footing could not keep. + He backward fell, all, all alone; + Too weak was he to rise; +(<i>pl.</i>) And no one heard his dying moan, + Or closed his dying eyes. + How still he slept! And grief and pain + Could never come to him again. +11. "A stranger, passing on his way, + Found him, as you have said; + His feet were out upon the clay, + The water o'er his head. + And then his foot-prints showed the path + He took, adown the creek, + When he escaped the woman's wrath, + So hungry, faint, and weak. + And people now, as you have heard, + Do call the place, THE DEAD CHILD'S FORD." +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. Was John an orphan, or half orphan? 2. + Was he drowned at night, or in the daytime? 8. By whom was he + found? 4. What is the place called where he was drowned? 5. + Give the rule for the rising inflections, as marked in the + 1st, 2d, and 4th verses. 6. Why are there no quotation marks + at the beginning of the 2d verse? 7. Why are half quotations + used in the 3d and 8th verses? 8. How should a part of the + 8th and 10th verses be read, according to the notation marks? + See page 41. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson7"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON VII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + EX CLAIM' ED, cried out.<br> + DE MAND' ING, asking; requiring.<br> + A MISS', wrong; improperly.<br> + AC CUS' ED, charged with.<br> + BREACH, violation.<br> + VIS' ION, sight; view.<br> + DE SCRIP' TION, account.<br> + SLUG' GARD, lazy person. + </div> + <h4> + LAME AND LAZY,—A FABLE. + </h4>[Footnote: For an explanation of the term fable, see page + 236.]<br> + + <p> + 1. Two beggars, LAME and LAZY, were in want of bread. + <i>One</i> leaned on his crutch, the <i>other</i> reclined on + his couch. Lame called on Charity, and humbly asked for a + <i>cracker</i>. Instead of a cracker, he received a + <i>loaf</i>. + </p> + <p> + 2. Lazy, seeing the gift of Charity, exclaimed: "What`! ask a + <i>cracker</i> and receive a <i>loaf'</i>? Well, I will ask a + loaf." Lazy now applied to Charity, and called for a loaf of + bread. "Your demanding a loaf," said Charity, "proves you a + <i>loaf</i>-er. You are of that class and character who + <i>ask</i> and <i>receive not</i>; because you ask amiss." + </p> + <p> + 3. Lazy, who always found fault, and had rather whine than + work, complained of <i>ill-treatment</i>, and even accused + Charity of a breach of an exceeding great and precious + promise: "Ask, and ye shall receive." + </p> + <p> + 4. Charity pointed him to a painting in her room, which + presented to his vision three personages, Faith, Hope and + Charity. Charity appeared larger and fairer than her sisters. + He noticed that her right hand held a pot of honey, which fed + a bee disabled, having lost its wings. Her left hand was + armed with a whip to keep off the drones. + </p> + <p> + 5. "I do not understand it," said Lazy. Charity replied: "It + means that Charity <i>feeds</i> the lame, and <i>flogs</i> + the lazy." Lazy turned to go. "Stop," said Charity, "instead + of <i>coin</i>, I will give you <i>counsel</i>. Do not go and + live on your poor mother; I will send you to a <i>rich + ant</i>." + </p> + <p> + 6. "<i>Rich aunt'</i>?" echoed Lazy. "Where shall I find + her'?" "You will find a description of her," replied Charity, + "in Proverbs, sixth chapter, sixth, seventh, and eighth + verses, which read as follows: 'Go to the ant, thou sluggard; + consider her ways, and be wise; which, having no guide, + overseer, or ruler, provided her meat in summer, and + gathereth her food in the harvest.'" + </p> + <p> + 7. MORAL. Instead of waiting and wishing for a rich UNCLE to + <i>die</i>, go and see how a rich ANT <i>lives</i>. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. Where is the quotation in the 3d + paragraph to be found? Answer. John, 16th chapter, 24th + verse. 2. Where, the quotation in the sixth paragraph? 3. Why + does it commence with a half quotation? Answer. Because it + denotes a quotation within a quotation. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson8"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON VIII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + HAUGH'TY, proud; disdainful.<br> + PAR TIC' U LAR LY, especially.<br> + TRANS ACT', do; perform.<br> + A BASH' ED, confused.<br> + DIS COV' ER, find out.<br> + EX AM' INE (<i>egz am' in</i>), look over; inspect.<br> + REC' TI FY, correct; make right.<br> + REC' OM PENSE, reward.<br> + DE SERVES', merits.<br> + DE CLIN' ING, failing.<br> + PRE VENT' ED, hindered.<br> + AP PRO BA' TION, approval.<br> + PRE'CEPTS, instructions; counsels.<br> + BEN E FAC' TOR, friend; one that benefits.<br> + A MASS' ED, gathered.<br> + A DAPT' ED, suited.<br> + CON FI DEN' TIAL, trusty; trusted.<br> + IN TEG' RI TY, honesty. + </div> + <h4> + FAITHFULNESS IN LITTLE THINGS. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + ELIZA A. CHASE. + </p> + <p> + 1. "Is Mr. Harris in'?" inquired a plainly, but neatly + dressed boy, twelve or thirteen years of age, of a clerk, as + he stood by the counter of a large bookstore. + </p> + <p> + The clerk regarded the boy with a haughty look, and answered: + "Mr. Harris is in; but he is engaged." + </p> + <p> + 2. The boy looked at the clerk hesitatingly, and then said: + "If he is not particularly engaged, I would like to see him." + </p> + <p> + "If you have any business to transact, <i>I</i> can attend to + it," replied the clerk. "Mr. Harris can not be troubled with + boys like you." + </p> + <p> + 3. "What is this, Mr. Morley?" said a pleasant-looking man, + stepping up to the clerk; "what does the boy want?" + </p> + <p> + "He insisted on seeing you, though I told him you were + engaged," returned the clerk, a little abashed by the manner + of his employer. + </p> + <p> + 4. "And what do you wish to see me about, my lad?" inquired + Mr. Harris, kindly. + </p> + <p> + The boy raised his eyes, and, meeting the scornful glance of + the clerk, said timidly: "I wish you to look at the bill of + some books which I bought here, about three months since. + There is a mistake in it, which I wish to correct." + </p> + <p> + 5. "Ah, my boy, I see," replied Mr. Harris; "you have + <i>overpaid</i> us, I suppose!" + </p> + <p> + "No, sir," answered the boy. "On the contrary, I purchased + some books which are <i>not charged</i> in the bill, and I + have called to pay for them." + </p> + <p> + 6. Mr. Harris looked at the boy earnestly for a moment, and + then asked: "When did you discover this mistake?" + </p> + <p> + "Not until I reached home," replied the lad. "When I paid for + the books I was in a great hurry, fearing the boat would + leave before I could reach it, and I did not examine the + bill." + </p> + <p> + 7. "Why did you not return before, and rectify the mistake?" + asked the gentleman, in a tone slightly altered. + </p> + <p> + "Because, sir, I live some distance from the city, and have + not been able to return till now." + </p> + <p> + 8. "My dear boy," said Mr. Harris, "you have given me great + pleasure. In a long life of mercantile business, I have never + met with an instance of this kind before. You have <i>acted + nobly</i> and deserve a recompense." + </p> + <p> + "I ask no recompense," returned the boy. "<i>I have done + nothing but my duty</i>—a simple act of justice, and + that deserves no reward, but itself." + </p> + <p> + 9. "May I ask who taught you such noble principles'?" + inquired Mr. Harris. + </p> + <p> + "My mother'," answered the boy, bursting into tears. + </p> + <p> + 10. "Blessed is the child who has such a mother," said Mr. + Harris, "and blessed is the mother of such a child. Be + faithful to her teachings, my dear boy, and you will be the + staff of her declining years." + </p> + <p> + "Alas, sir," said the boy, "my mother is dead! It was her + sickness and death which prevented me from coming here + before." + </p> + <p> + 11. "What is your name?" inquired Mr. Harris. + </p> + <p> + "Edward Delong." + </p> + <p> + "Have you a father living'?" + </p> + <p> + "No, sir. My father died when I was an infant." + </p> + <p> + 12. "Where do you reside?" + </p> + <p> + "In the town of Linwood, about fifty miles from this city." + </p> + <p> + "Well, my boy, what are the books which were forgotten?" + </p> + <p> + "Tacitus and a Latin Dictionary." + </p> + <p> + 13. "Let me see the bill. Ha! signed by A. C. Morley. I will + see to that. Here, Mr. Morley!" called Mr. Harris; but the + clerk was busily engaged in waiting on a customer at the + opposite side of the store, bowing and smiling in the most + attentive manner. + </p> + <p> + 14. "Edward," continued Mr. Harris, "I am not going to + <i>reward</i> you for what you have done; but I wish to + manifest my approbation of your conduct in such a manner, as + to make you remember the wise and excellent precepts of your + departed mother. Select from my store any ten books you + choose, which, in addition to the two you had before, shall + be a <i>present</i> to you; and henceforth, as now, my boy, + remember and not 'despise the day of small things.' If ever + you need a friend, call on me, and I will assist you." + </p> + <p> + 15. The grateful boy thanked his kind benefactor, and, with + tears in his eyes, bowed and left the store. + </p> + <p> + Edward Delong wished for knowledge, and, though the scanty + means left him by his mother, could hardly satisfy his + desire, by diligence and economy he had advanced far beyond + most boys of his age. By working nights and mornings for a + neighbor, he had amassed, what seemed to him, a large sum of + money, and this was expended in books. + </p> + <p> + 16. Edward's home was now with a man who regarded money as + the chief end and aim of life, and severe and constant + physical labor as the only means of obtaining that end. For + two years Edward struggled with his hopeless condition, + toiling early and late to obtain a livelihood. + </p> + <p> + 17. Edward now resolved to go to the city, to seek some + employment, better adapted to promote his education. He + entered the same store where he purchased the books, and + inquired for Mr. Harris. + </p> + <p> + "He is engaged," replied the polite clerk. "If you will wait + a moment, he will be at liberty." + </p> + <p> + 18. "Did you wish to see me?" asked Mr. Harris of the boy, + whose thoughts were so intense that he had not noticed the + approach of his friend. + </p> + <p> + "Mr. Harris!" exclaimed Edward, and it was all he could say. + For the remembrance of past favors bestowed on him by his + kind benefactor, so filled his heart with gratitude, that + further utterance was denied. + </p> + <p> + "My noble Edward!" said the old gentleman. "And so you needed + a friend. Well, you shall have one." + </p> + <p> + 19. Five years from that time, Edward Delong was the + confidential clerk of Mr. Harris, and, in three more, a + partner in the firm. The integrity of purpose, which first + won the regard of his benefactor, was his guide in after + life. Prosperity crowned his efforts, and happiness blessed + his heart,—the never-failing result of <i>faithfulness + in little things</i>. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. Why did Edward Delong wish to see Mr. + Harris? 2. Had he overpaid for the books he purchased? 3. + What did he say when Mr. Harris told him he deserved a + recompense? 4. What books were not charged in the bill? 5. In + what way did Mr. Harris manifest his approval of Edward's + conduct? 6. How long after this, before he again called on + Mr. Harris? 7. Why could he not, at first, talk with Mr. + Harris? 8. What did Edward finally become? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson9"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON IX. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + GRACE' FUL LY, beautifully.<br> + PROUD' LY, splendidly.<br> + FOR' EIGN (<i>for' en</i>), distant.<br> + CLIMES, countries; regions.<br> + SYM' BOL, sign; emblem.<br> + FEAR' FUL, dreadful; terrible.<br> + CAN' NON RY, discharge of cannon.<br> + JU' BI LEE, season of public joy.<br> + WIT' NESS ED, seen; beheld.<br> + NA' TIVE, birth-giving.<br> + BOON, gift; blessing.<br> + PAR' A DISE, blissful abode. + </div> + <h4> + THE AMERICAN BOY. + </h4> + <span class="center"> + SON. + </span> + <pre> +Father, look up, and see that flag! + How gracefully it flies! +Those pretty stripes, they seem to be + A rainbow in the skies. +</pre> + <span class="center"> + FATHER. + </span> + <pre> +It is your country's flag, my boy, + And proudly drinks the light, +O'er ocean's wave, in foreign climes, + A symbol of our might. +</pre> + <span class="center"> + SON. + </span> + <pre> +Father, what fearful noise is that, + Now thundering in the clouds? +Why do they, cheering, wave their hat, + And rush along in crowds? +</pre> + <span class="center"> + FATHER. + </span> + <pre> +It is the voice of cannonry, + The glad shouts of the free; +This is a day of memory, + 'Tis FREEDOM'S JUBILEE! +</pre> + <span class="center"> + SON. + </span> + <pre> +I wish that <i>I</i> was now a man, +<i>I'd free my country</i> too, +And cheer as loudly as the rest; + But, father, why don't <i>you</i>? +</pre> + <span class="center"> + FATHER. + </span> + <pre> +I'm getting old and weak; but still + My heart is big with joy; +I've witnessed many a day like this, + Shout you aloud, my boy! +</pre> + <span class="center"> + SON. + </span> + <table> + <tr> + <td> + (<sup>oo</sup>) + </td> + <td> + <pre> +HURRAH, FOR FREEDOM'S JUBILEE, +</pre> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + <pre> + God bless our native land! +</pre> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + <pre> +And may <i>I</i> live to hold the boon +</pre> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td></td> + <td> + <pre> + Of <i>freedom</i> in my hand. +</pre> + </td> + </tr> + </table> + <span class="center"> + FATHER. + </span> + <pre> +Well done, my boy, grow up, and love + The land that gave you birth,— +A land where Freedom loves to dwell,— + A paradise on earth. +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. Of what is our flag a symbol? 2. What is + meant by <i>Freedom's jubilee</i>? 3. What is the use of the + apostrophes in the words <i>I'd</i>, <i>I'm</i>, <i>I've</i>, + &c. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson10"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON X. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + BIL' LOWS, waves; surges.<br> + DE LIGHT', joy; pleasure.<br> + DOOM, fate; end.<br> + TWINK' LES, sparkles.<br> + GLARE, bright, dazzling light.<br> + EX PANSE', surface; extent.<br> + SWEEP, pass or drive over.<br> + RIFE, filled; abounding.<br> + VOY' AGE, passage; journey.<br> + AN' CHOR ED, moored; fixed.<br> + HA' VEN, harbor.<br> + PEACE' FUL LY, quietly; calmly. + </div> + <h4> + THE SAILOR BOY'S SONG. + </h4> + <span class="center"> + WRITTEN BY A GIRL THIRTEEN YEARS OF AGE. + </span> + <p> + 1. + </p> + <pre> + (<i>''</i>) Oh! the sea, the sea + Is the place for me, +With its billows blue and bright; + I love its roar, + As it breaks on the shore, +And its danger to me is delight. +</pre> + <p> + 2. + </p> + <pre> + Oh! I love the wave, + And the sailor brave, +Who often meets his doom + On the ocean vast, + And sleeps his last +In a shell and coral tomb. +</pre> + <p> + 3. + </p> + <pre> + And, in the night, + The moon's soft light +Smiles sweetly on the foamy billow: + And many a star, + As it twinkles afar, +Seems to rise from a watery pillow. +</pre> + <p> + 4. + </p> + <pre> + In the noontide glare, + Oh! bright and fair +Is the wide expanse of ocean; + In the morn's first light + 'Tis a glorious sight, +So full of life and motion. +</pre> + <p> + 5. + </p> + <pre> + When the tempests sweep + The rolling deep, +And the angry billows swell, + I mind not the strife, + Which to me is rife +With thoughts that I can not tell. +</pre> + <p> + 6. + </p> + <pre> + When life's voyage is o'er, + And I sail no more +On the ocean's troubled breast, + Safe anchored above, + In the haven of love, +May the sailor boy peacefully rest. +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What is meant by <i>coral tomb</i>, 2d + verse? 2. What, by <i>watery pillow</i>, third verse. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson11"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XI. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + FOUN DA' TION, commencement.<br> + DO MES' TI CA TED, tamed.<br> + FA' VOR ITE, one specially favored.<br> + CA RESS' ED, fondled; petted.<br> + GAM' BOL ING, skipping; frolicking.<br> + IM' PULSE, feeling of excitement.<br> + DI LAT' ED, distended.<br> + SPEC TA' TORS, observers; lookers on.<br> + EN DEAV' OR ED, tried; attempted.<br> + ANX' IOUS, very desirous.<br> + IN TER CEPT', (INTER, <i>between</i>; CEPT, <i>to take</i> + or <i>seize</i>;) to stop on the way.<br> + BE TRAY' ED, showed; disclosed.<br> + RE STRAIN' ED, held back; checked.<br> + COW' ED, depressed with fear.<br> + EN GRAV' ED, cut; inscribed. + </div> + <p> + In this lesson every pause is marked with its appropriate + inflection. + </p> + <h4> + CHASE OF THE PET FAWN. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + MISS COOPER. + </p> + <p> + 1. Within twenty years from the foundation of our village', + [Footnote: Cooperstown, New York.] the deer had already + become scarce', and', in a brief period later', they had + almost entirely fled from the country`. One of the last of + these beautiful creatures, a pretty little fawn, had been + brought in from the woods, when it was very young, and had + been nursed and petted by a young lady in the village, until + it became completely domesticated. + </p> + <p> + 2. It was graceful, as those little creatures always are, and + so gentle and playful that it became a great favorite. + Following the different members of the family about, it was + caressed and welcomed everywhere. One morning, after + gamboling about as usual, until weary, it threw itself down + in the sunshine, at the feet of one of its friends, upon the + door-step of a store. + </p> + <p> + 3. There came along a countryman, who, for several years, had + been a hunter by pursuit, and who still kept several hounds, + one of which came to the village with him, on this occasion. + The dog, as it approached the place where the fawn lay, + suddenly stopped; the little animal saw him, and darted to + its feet. + </p> + <p> + 4. It had lived more than half its life among the villagers, + and had apparently lost all fear of them; but it now seemed + to know instinctively that an enemy was at hand. In an + instant, its whole character and appearance seemed changed; + all its past habits were forgotten; every wild impulse was + awake; its head erect, its nostrils dilated, its eyes + flashing. + </p> + <p> + 5. In another instant, before the spectators had thought of + the danger, and before its friends could secure it, the fawn + was leaping wildly through the street, and the hound in full + chase. The by-standers were eager to save it; several persons + instantly followed its track; the friends who had long fed + and fondled it, were calling the name it had hitherto known; + but, in vain. + </p> + <p> + 6. The hunter endeavored to call back his dog; but, with no + better success. In half a minute, the fawn had turned the + first corner, dashed onward toward the lake, and thrown + itself into the water. But, if, for a moment, the startled + creature believed itself safe in the lake, it was soon + undeceived; for the hound followed in hot and eager chase, + while a dozen village dogs joined in the pursuit. + </p> + <p> + 7. A large crowd collected on the bank—men, women, and + children,—anxious for the fate of the little animal. + Some threw themselves into boats, hoping to intercept the + hound before he reached his prey. But the splashing of the + oars, the voices of men and boys, and the barking of the + dogs, must have filled the beating heart of the poor fawn + with terror and anguish; as if every creature on the spot + where it had once been caressed and fondled, had suddenly + turned into a deadly foe. + </p> + <p> + 8. It was soon seen that the fawn was directing its course + across a bay, toward the nearest borders of the forest. + Immediately the owner of the hound crossed the bridge, ran at + full speed in the same direction, hoping to stop his dog as + he landed. On swam the fawn, as it had never swam before; its + delicate head scarcely seen above the water, but leaving a + disturbed track which betrayed its course alike to anxious + friends and fierce enemies. + </p> + <p> + 9. As it approached the land, the interest became intense. + The hunter was already on the same side of the lake, calling + loudly and angrily to his dog; but the animal seemed to have + quite forgotten his master's voice in the pitiless pursuit. + The fawn touched the land; in one leap, it had crossed the + narrow piece of beach, and, in another instant, it would + reach the cover of the woods. + </p> + <p> + 10. The hound followed true to the scent, aiming at the same + spot on the shore. His master, anxious to meet him, had run + at full speed, and was now coming up at the same critical + moment. Would the dog listen to his voice? Could the hunter + reach him in time to seize and control him? A shout from the + spectators proclaimed that the fawn had passed out of sight + into the forest. At the same instant, the hound, as he + touched the land, felt the hunter's strong arm clutching his + neck. + </p> + <p> + 11. The worst was believed to be over; the fawn was leaping + up the mountain-side, and its enemy restrained. The other + dogs, seeing their leader cowed, were easily managed. A + number of men and boys dispersed themselves through the wood + in search of the little creature; but, without success. They + all returned to the village, reporting that the animal had + not been seen by them. Some persons thought that, after its + fright had passed over, it would return of its own accord. + </p> + <p> + 12. It wore a pretty collar with its owner's name engraved + upon it, so that it could be easily known from any other + fawn, that might be straying about the woods. Before many + hours had passed, a hunter presented himself before the lady, + whose pet the little creature had been, and showed a collar + with her name upon it. He said that he was out hunting in the + morning, and saw a fawn in the distance. The little creature, + instead of bounding away as he expected, moved toward him. He + took aim, fired, and shot it to the heart. + </p> + <p> + 13. When he found the collar about its neck, he was very + sorry he had killed it. One would have thought that that + terrible chase would have made it afraid of man; but no; + <i>it forgot the evil</i>, and <i>remembered the kindness + only</i>; and came to meet, as a friend, the hunter who shot + it. It was long mourned by its best friend. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. Where did the lady reside who kept this + pet fawn? 2. Is there a lake near that village? 3. What river + rises in that lake? 4. Describe the chase of the pet fawn. 5. + How came it to be shot? 6. What did it forget, and what + remember? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson12"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + IN' FLU ENCE, moral power.<br> + DROOP' ED. bent over; languished.<br> + TING' ED, stained; colored.<br> + DEL' I CATE, soft; tender.<br> + TRIB' UTE, pay; requital.<br> + CASE' MENT, window.<br> + PERCH' ED, alighted.<br> + PLAINT' IVE, sorrowful.<br> + AF FRIGHT' ED, alarmed.<br> + TIM' ID, fearful; timorous.<br> + RE STRAIN' ED, held back.<br> + AT TEST', bear witness.<br> + SUA' SION, act of persuading.<br> + COM PLI' ANCE, submission.<br> + PAL' ED, inclosed.<br> + DE BAS' ED, degraded.<br> + DE' VI ATE, wander; stray.<br> + LE' NI ENT, mild; merciful. + </div> + <h4> + KINDNESS. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + KATE CLARENCE. + </p> + <p> + 1. Not <i>man</i> alone, but <i>every thing</i> in nature, + owns its influence. I knew a little flower that sprang up + amidst the weeds and brambles of a long-neglected garden; but + soon drooped its slender stem, and its leaves grew tinged + from the waste around. + </p> + <p> + 2. I took it to my home, supported its drooping stem, and + placed it where the warm sunshine and refreshing showers + cheered its little life. Again it raised its beautiful head, + and its delicate buds burst forth in gladness; and when the + winds of autumn came, the dying flower gave up to me its + golden seeds—a thankful tribute for my love. 'Twas a + little thing, but <i>kindness</i> did the deed. + </p> + <p> + 3. There came to my casement, one winter's morning, a + shivering, starving bird, and perched itself there, striving + to tell its tale of suffering; but feeble were its plaintive + notes, and its glossy breast was ruffled in the blast. I + raised the window. Affrighted, the little wanderer spread its + wings, as if to soar away; but, weak and faint, it sank + fluttering in my outstretched hands. I drew it in. Alarmed, + it darted round and round the room, and beat against the + frosted pane. <i>O Cruelty! thou hast taught even the little + birds to doubt!</i> + </p> + <p> + 4. When the little stranger grew less timid, I gave it clear + water, and tempting food, and so, for many weeks, we dwelt + together; but when came the first warm, sunny day, I opened + my doors, and it flew away,—<i>away up, up</i> into the + dark-blue heavens, till it was lost to my eager gaze. + </p> + <p> + 5. But not an hour had passed, ere I heard the flutter of its + tiny wings, and saw, without, its little breast glittering in + the golden sunbeams. It had a joyous life. No wired cage + restrained its restless wing; but, free as the summer cloud, + would it come each day, and gladly would my delighted soul + drink in the silvery notes of its gladdening melody. + </p> + <p> + 6. And it is not <i>birds</i> and <i>flowers</i> alone, that, + treated with kindness flourish so brightly 'neath its + heaven-born rays. Individuals, families, nations, attest its + truth. <i>Legal suasion</i> may frighten to compliance, but + <i>moral suasion</i> rules the will. + </p> + <p> + 7. To the erring wanderer, in the by and forbidden paths of + sin, with a heart paled in darkness, and lost to every better + feeling of his nature, one little word, one little act of + kindness, however slight, will find a sunny resting-place in + that sinful shade, and prove a light to guide the wayward one + to holier and better deeds. The lion licked the hand that + drew the thorn from his wounded foot; and Powhatan stayed the + descending club, when the burning lips of the Indian girl + pressed the prisoner's [Footnote: Captain Smith] pallid brow. + </p> + <p> + 8. And it is <i>ever</i> thus. There beats not a heart, + however debased by sin, or darkened by sorrow, that has not + its noblest impulses aroused, in view of a <i>generous and + kindly action</i>. The Holy Father implanted His own pure + principles in the breast of <i>every one</i>, and widely do + we deviate from their just dictates, when an unkind word, or + an unkind act, wounds a broken heart, or crushes a loving, + gentle nature. + </p> + <pre> +9. "<i>Speak not harshly</i>,—much of care + Every human heart must bear; + Enough of shadows rudely play + Around the very sunniest way; + Enough of sorrows darkly lie + Vailed within the merriest eye. + By thy childhood's gushing tears, + By thy grief in after years, + By the anguish thou dost know, +<i>Add not to another's woe.</i> +10. "<i>Speak not harshly</i>,—much of sin + Dwelleth every heart within; + In its closely caverned cells, + Many a wayward passion dwells. + By the many hours misspent, + By the gifts to error lent, + By the wrongs thou didst not shun, + By the good thou hast not done, + With a lenient spirit scan + The weakness of thy brother man." +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. On what has kindness an influence? 2. + What influence had it upon the little flower? 3. What, upon + the little bird? 4. What is said of cruelty? 5. What is said + of legal and moral suasion? 6. What is said of the lion? 7. + Of Powhatan? 8. Why ought we not to speak harshly? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson13"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XIII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + SHAFT, arrow; <i>here</i>, careless word.<br> + MES' SEN GERS, message-bearers.<br> + PANG, distress; anguish.<br> + SPELLS, charms; enchantments.<br> + SEAL' ED, closed up; under seal.<br> + SEP' UL CHER, (<i>ch</i> like <i>k</i>), grave; tomb.<br> + SUM' MON ED, called.<br> + AG' O NY, extreme suffering.<br> + WRING, writhe.<br> + UN A WARES, unconsciously.<br> + MIN' GLES, unites; mixes.<br> + EN DEAR' ING, kind; affectionate.<br> + E CLIPSE', darkness; obscuration.<br> + CHER' ISH ED, fostered.<br> + EN SHRIN' ED, sacredly preserved.<br> + UT' TER ED, expressed. + </div> + <h4> + CARELESS WORDS. + </h4> + <pre> + 1. Oh, never say a careless Word + Hath not the power to pain; + The shaft may ope some hidden wound, + That closes not again! + Weigh <i>well</i> those light-winged messengers; + God marked your heedless Word, + And with it, too, the falling tear, + The heart-pang that it stirred. + 2. Words! what are Words? A simple Word + Hath spells to call the tears, + That long have lain a sealed fount, + Unclosed through mournful years. + Back from the unseen sepulcher, + A Word hath summoned forth + A form that hath its place no more + Among the things of Earth, + 3. Words! heed them well; some whispered one + Hath yet a power to fling + A shadow on the brow, the soul + In agony to wring; + A name, forbidden, or forgot, + That sometimes, unawares, + Murmurs upon our wak'ning lips, + And mingles in our prayers. + 4. Oh, Words! sweet Words! A blessing comes + Softly from kindly lips; + Tender, endearing tones, that break + The Spirit's drear eclipse. + Oh! are there not some cherished tones + In the deep heart enshrined? + Uttered but once—they passed—and left + A track of light behind. +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What is said of <i>careless words</i>? 2. + What, of <i>sweet words</i>? 3. What is the use of the + apostrophe in <i>wak'ning</i>, third verse? 4. What is the + meaning of the suffix <i>less</i>, in the words <i>careless, + heedless</i>? See SANDERS' NEW SPELLER, DEFINER, AND + ANALYZER, page 143, Ex. 369. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson14"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XIV. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + VEG' E TA BLES, plants.<br> + DEP RE DA' TION, robbery; plunder.<br> + CAP TUR' ING, catching.<br> + TRES' PASS ER, transgressor.<br> + AP PEAL' ED, referred.<br> + COUN' SEL, lawyer; advocate.<br> + AR' GU MENT, plea; reason.<br> + URG' ING, enforcing; advocating.<br> + MIS' CHIEV OUS, hurtful; injurious.<br> + PRAC' TI CAL, pertaining to practice.<br> + DIS TIN' GUISH ED, celebrated.<br> + JU' RIST, one versed in law.<br> + AF FECT' ED, moved; impressed.<br> + FUR' NISH ED, supplied.<br> + VI' O LA TED, broken; transgressed.<br> + DE PRIVE', rob; hinder.<br> + AL LUD' ED, referred; adverted.<br> + RE STORE', give back. + </div> + <h4> + WEBSTER AND THE WOODCHUCK. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + BOSTON TRAVELER. + </p> + <p> + 1. Ebenezer Webster, the father of Daniel, was a farmer. The + vegetables in his garden had suffered considerably from the + depredations of a woodchuck, which had his hole or habitation + near the premises. Daniel, some ten or twelve years old, and + his older brother Ezekiel, had set a trap, and finally + succeeded in capturing the trespasser. + </p> + <p> + 2. Ezekiel proposed to kill the animal, and end, at once, all + further trouble from him; but Daniel looked with compassion + upon his meek, dumb captive, and offered to let him again go + free. The boys could not agree, and they appealed to their + father to decide the case. + </p> + <p> + 3. "Well, my boys," said the old gentleman, "<i>I</i> will be + the <i>judge</i>. There is the <i>prisoner</i>, (pointing to + the wood-chuck,) and <i>you</i> shall be the <i>counsel</i>, + and plead the case <i>for</i> and <i>against</i> his life and + liberty." + </p> + <p> + 4. Ezekiel opened the case with a strong argument, urging the + mischievous nature of the criminal, the great harm he had + already done; said that much time and labor had been spent in + his capture, and now, if he were suffered to live and go + again at large, he would renew his depredations, and be + cunning enough not to suffer himself to be caught again. + </p> + <p> + 5. He urged, further, that his skin was of some value, and + that, to make the most of him they could, it would not repay + half the damage he had already done. His argument was ready, + practical, to the point, and of much greater length than our + limits will allow us to occupy in relating the story. + </p> + <p> + 6. The father looked with pride upon his son, who became a + distinguished jurist in his manhood. "Now, Daniel, it is + <i>your</i> turn: I'll hear what <i>you</i> have to say." + </p> + <p> + 7. It was his first case. Daniel saw that the plea of his + brother had sensibly affected his father, the judge; and as + his large, brilliant, black eyes looked upon the soft, timid, + expression of the animal, and he saw it tremble with fear in + its narrow prison-house, his heart swelled with pity, and he + urged, with eloquent words, that the captive might again go + free. + </p> + <p> + 8. "God," he said, "had made the woodchuck; he made him to + live, to enjoy the bright sunlight, the pure air, the free + fields and woods. God had not made him, or <i>any</i> thing, + in vain; the woodchuck had as much right to life as any + <i>other</i> living thing." + </p> + <p> + 9. "He was not a destructive animal, as the wolf and the fox + were; he simply ate a few common vegetables, of which they + had plenty, and could well spare a part; he destroyed nothing + except the little food he needed to sustain his humble life; + and that little food was as sweet to him, and as necessary to + his existence, as was to them the food upon their mother's + table." + </p> + <p> + 10. "God furnished to them food; he gave them all they + possessed; and would they not spare a little for the dumb + creature, that really had as much right to his small share of + God's bounty, as they themselves had to their portion?" + </p> + <p> + 11. "Yea, more, the animal had never violated the laws of his + nature or the laws of God, as man often did; but strictly + followed the simple, harmless instincts he had received from + the hand of the Creator of all things. Created by God's hand, + he had a right—a right from God—to life, to food, + to liberty; and they had no right to deprive him of either." + </p> + <p> + 12. He alluded to the mute, but earnest pleadings of the + animal for that life, as sweet, as dear to him, as their own + was to them, and the just judgment they might expect, if, in + selfish cruelty and cold heartlessness, they took the life + they could not restore—the life that God alone had + given. + </p> + <p> + 13. During this appeal, the tears had started to the old + man's eyes, and were fast running down his sun-burnt cheeks; + every feeling of a father's heart was stirred within him; he + saw the future greatness of his son before his eyes, he felt + that God had blessed him in his children, beyond the lot of + most men. + </p> + <p> + 14. His pity and sympathy were awakened by the eloquent words + of compassion, and the strong appeal for mercy; and, + forgetting the judge in the man and father, he sprang from + his chair, (while Daniel was in the midst of his argument, + without thinking he had already won his case,) and, turning + to his older son, dashing the tears from his eyes, exclaimed, + "<i>Ezekiel, Ezekiel, you let that woodchuck go!</i>" + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What did Ezekiel propose to do with the + woodchuck after he was caught? 2. What argument did he offer + for so doing? 3. What did Daniel wish to do with him? 4. What + argument did he offer? 4. What was their father's decision? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson15"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XV. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + SOLVE, explain; work out.<br> + PROB' LEM, question for solution.<br> + COM PELL' ED, obliged.<br> + IN' DO LENT, idle; lazy.<br> + DINT, force; means.<br> + CON' SCIOUS, self-perceived; felt.<br> + DEM ON STRA' TION, formal proof.<br> + RE CLIN' ING, leaning back.<br> + PON' DERS, weighs; examines.<br> + PROC' ESS, operation. + </div> + <h4> + DO IT YOURSELF. + </h4> + <p> + 1. Do not ask the teacher or some classmate to solve that + hard problem. DO IT YOURSELF. You might as well let him eat + your dinner as "do your sums" for you. It is in studying as + in eating; <i>he who does it</i>, gets the benefit, and not + <i>he who sees it done</i>. In almost any school, the teacher + learns more than the best scholars, simply because he is + compelled to solve all the difficult problems, and answer all + the questions of the indolent pupils. + </p> + <p> + 2. Do not ask your teacher to parse that difficult word, or + assist you in the performance of any of your studies. DO IT + YOURSELF. Never mind, though they <i>do</i> look dark. Do not + ask even a hint from any one. TRY AGAIN. Every trial + increases your ability, and you will finally succeed by dint + of the very wisdom and strength gained in the effort, even + though, at first, the problem was beyond your skill. It is + the <i>study</i>, and not the <i>answer</i>, that really + rewards your labor. + </p> + <p> + 3. Look at that boy, who has just succeeded after six hours + of hard study. How his large eye is lit up with a proud joy, + as he marches to his class! He treads like a conqueror! And + well he may. Last night his lamp burned, and this morning he + waked at dawn. Once or twice he nearly gave it up. He had + tried his last thought; but a new thought strikes him, and he + ponders the last process. He tries once more, and succeeds; + and now mark the air of conscious strength with which he + pronounces his demonstration. + </p> + <p> + 4. His poor, weak schoolmate, who gave up that same problem, + after his first trial, now looks up to him with something of + a wonder, as a superior being. And he <i>is</i> his superior. + That problem lies there, a great gulf between those boys who + stood side by side yesterday. + </p> + <p> + 5. The boy who <i>did it for himself</i>, has taken a stride + upward, and what is better still, <i>has gained strength</i> + to take other and better ones. The boy who waited to see + <i>others do it</i>, has lost both strength and courage, and + is already looking for some good excuse to give up school and + study forever. + </p> + <p> + 6. DO IT YOURSELF. Remember the counsel given to the artist, + who lay reclining upon his couch, and wondering what the + fates would work out for him. Directing his attention to a + block of unhewn marble, with a chisel lying by its side, the + sculptor in the vision is represented as thus addressing him: + "Sir, + </p> + <pre> + "There's the marble, there's the chisel, + Take it, work it to thy will; +<i>Thou alone</i> must shape thy future, + Heaven send thee strength and skill!" +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. Who is benefited in studying? 2. What + really rewards the labor of study? 3. What is said of the boy + who succeeded after six hours of hard study? 4. What, of the + boy who gave up, after the first trial? 5. What counsel was + given to the artist who wondered what the fates would work + out for him?<br> + How are the words to be read, which are + printed in Italics and in capitals? See page 22, Note III. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson16"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XVI. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + SLACK' EN, relax; lessen.<br> + EN DEAV' OR, effort; exertion.<br> + WHOLE' SOME, useful; salutary.<br> + EX CEL', surpass; outdo.<br> + OUT STRIP' PED, outrun; excelled.<br> + SUR PASS' ED, excelled.<br> + VIC' TO RY, conquest; triumph.<br> + UT' TER MOST, very best.<br> + DAR' ING, courage; bravery.<br> + DE FECT', fault; deficiency.<br> + REPIN'ING, fretting; complaining.<br> + UN A VAIL' ING, vain; useless.<br> + COR RECT', amend; make right.<br> + MAX' IM, proverb; saying. + </div> + <h4> + BETTER LATE THAN NEVER. + </h4><br> + + <pre> +1. <i>Life is a race</i>, where some succeed, + While others are beginning; + 'Tis luck, at times, at others, speed, + That gives an early winning. + But, if you chance to fall behind, + Ne'er slacken your endeavor; + Just keep this wholesome truth in mind: +<i>'Tis better late than never!</i> +2. If you can keep ahead, 'tis well; + But never trip your neighbor; + 'Tis noble when you can excel + By honest, patient labor. + But, if you are outstripped, at last, + Press on, as bold as ever; + Remember, though you are surpassed, +<i>'Tis better late than never!</i> +3. Ne'er labor for an idle boast + Of victory o'er another; + But, while you strive your uttermost, + Deal fairly with a brother. + Whate'er your station, do your best, + And, hold your purpose ever; + And, if you fail to beat the rest, +<i>'Tis better late than never!</i> +4. Choose well the path in which you run,— + Succeed by noble daring; + Then, though the last, when once 'tis won, + Your crown is worth the wearing. + Then never fret, if left behind, + Nor slacken your endeavor; + But ever keep this truth in mind: +<i>'Tis better late than never!</i> + 5. Yet, would you cure this sad defect, + Repining's unavailing; + Begin, <i>at once</i>, and <i>now</i> correct + This very common failing. +<i>This day</i> resolve,—<i>this very hour,</i> + Nor e'en a moment wait; + Go, make this better maxim yours,— +<i>'Tis better never late!</i> +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. To what is life compared, first verse? 2. + What advice is given <i>if you chance to fall behind?</i> 3. + How ought you to treat your competitors? 4. What is a very + common failing? 5. How may it be corrected? 6. What is the + use of the apostrophe in the word <i>repining's</i>, fifth + verse? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson17"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XVII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + A DOPT' ED, taken as one's own.<br> + PIL' LAR ED, supported by pillars.<br> + TWI' LIGHT, faint light after sunset and before sunrise.<br> + THYME, (<i>time</i>,) fragrant plant.<br> + VINE' YARD, plantation of grapevines.<br> + DYE, hue; color.<br> + SPARK' LING, emitting bubbles. + </div> + <h4> + THE ADOPTED CHILD. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + MISS. HEMANS. + </p> + <table> + <tr> + <td class="center"> + LADY. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + Why wouldst thou leave me, O gentle child?<br> + <i>Thy home</i> on the mountains is bleak and + wild,<br> + A straw-roofed cabin with lowly wall;<br> + <i>Mine</i> is a fair and a pillared hall,<br> + Where many an image of marble gleams,<br> + And the sunshine of picture forever streams.<br> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td class="center"> + BOY. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + Oh, green is the turf where my brothers play,<br> + Through the long, bright hours of the summer-day;<br> + They find the red cup-moss where they climb,<br> + And they chase the bee o'er the scented thyme;<br> + And the rocks where the heath-flower blooms they + know,<br> + Lady, kind lady! oh, let me go!<br> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td class="center"> + LADY. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + Content thee, boy, in my bower to dwell;<br> + Here are sweet sounds which thou lovest + well,—<br> + Flutes on the air in the stilly noon,<br> + Harps which the wandering breezes tune,<br> + And the silvery wood-note of many a bird<br> + Whose voice was ne'er in thy mountains heard.<br> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td class="center"> + BOY. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + My mother sings, at the twilight's fall,<br> + A song of the hills, far more sweet than all;<br> + She sings it under our own green tree,<br> + To the babe half-slumbering on her knee;<br> + I dreamed, last night, of that music low,—<br> + Lady, kind lady! oh, let me go!<br> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td class="center"> + LADY. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + (<i>pl.</i>) Thy mother hath gone from her cares to + rest;<br> + She hath taken the babe on her quiet breast;<br> + Thou wouldst meet her footstep, my boy, no more,<br> + Nor hear her song at the cabin-door:<br> + Come thou with me to the vineyards nigh,<br> + And we'll pluck the grapes of the richest dye.<br> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td class="center"> + BOY. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + Is my mother gone from her home away?—<br> + But I know that my brothers are there at play,<br> + I know they are gathering the fox-glove's bell,<br> + Or the long fern leaves by the sparkling well;<br> + Or they launch their boats where the bright streams + flow,<br> + Lady, kind lady! oh, let me go!<br> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td class="center"> + LADY. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + Fair child, thy brothers are wanderers now,<br> + They sport no more on the mountain's brow;<br> + They have left the fern by the spring's green + side,<br> + And the streams where the fairy barks were tried:<br> + Be thou at peace in thy brighter lot,<br> + For thy cabin-home is a lonely spot.<br> + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td class="center"> + BOY. + </td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td> + Are they gone, all gone from the sunny hill?<br> + But the bird and the blue-fly rove o'er it still,<br> + And the red deer bound in their gladness free,<br> + And the heath is bent by the singing bee,<br> + And the waters leap, and the fresh winds + blow,—<br> + Lady, kind lady! oh, let me go!<br> + </td> + </tr> + </table> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What kind of words are <i>straw-roofed, + heath-flower, wood-note,</i> &c.? 2. What is the use of + the apostrophes in the words <i>o'er, ne'er, twilight's</i>, + &c.? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson18"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XVIII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + AP PAR' ENT LY, evidently.<br> + CEN' TU RY, hundred years.<br> + GI GAN' TIC, very large.<br> + SPE' CIES, sort; kind.<br> + DI MEN' SION, size; bulk.<br> + SUB LIME', grand; magnificent.<br> + UN MO LEST' ED, free from disturbance.<br> + DIS PERS' ED, separated; scattered.<br> + CLAM' OR OUS, noisy; importunate.<br> + IN DE CIS' ION, doubt; irresolution.<br> + POIS' ED, balanced.<br> + AT' MOS PHERE, surrounding air.<br> + TAL' ONS, claws.<br> + DIS TRI BU' TION, division.<br> + EC' STA SY, excessive joy; transport.<br> + PER' SE CUT ED, harassed; injured. + </div> + <h4> + THE OLD EAGLE TREE. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + REV. JOHN TODD. + </p> + <p> + 1. In a remote field stood a large tulip tree, apparently of + a century's growth, and one of the most gigantic of that + splendid species. It looked like the father of the + surrounding forest. A single tree, of huge dimensions, + standing all alone, is a sublime object. + </p> + <p> + 2. On the top of this tree, an old eagle, commonly called the + "Fishing Eagle," had built her nest every year, for many + years, and, unmolested, raised her young. What is remarkable, + as she procured her food from the ocean, this tree stood full + ten miles from the sea-shore. It had long been known as the + "Old Eagle tree." + </p> + <p> + 3. On a warm, sunny day, the workmen were hoeing corn in an + adjoining field. At a certain hour of the day, the old eagle + was known to set off for the sea-side, to gather food for her + young. As she this day returned with a large fish in her + claws, the workmen surrounded the tree, and, by yelling, and + hooting, and throwing stones, so scared the poor bird that + she dropped her fish, and they carried it off in triumph. + </p> + <p> + 4. The men soon dispersed; but Joseph sat down under a bush + near by, to watch, and to bestow unavailing pity. The bird + soon returned to her nest without food. The eaglets at once + set up a cry for food, so shrill, so clear, and so clamorous, + that the boy was greatly moved. + </p> + <p> + 5. The parent bird seemed to try to soothe them; but their + appetites were too keen, and it was all in vain. She then + perched herself on a limb near them, and looked down into the + nest with a look that seemed to say, "I know not what to do + next." + </p> + <p> + 6. Her indecision was but momentary; again she poised + herself, uttered one or two sharp notes, as if telling them + to "lie still," balanced her body, spread her wings, and was + away again for the sea! + </p> + <p> + 7. Joseph was determined to see the result. His eyes followed + her till she grew small, smaller,—a mere speck in the + sky,—and then disappeared. What boy has not often + watched the flight of the bird of his country in this way? + </p> + <p> + 8. She was gone nearly two hours, about double her usual time + for a voyage, when she again returned, on a slow, weary wing, + flying uncommonly low, in order to have a heavier atmosphere + to sustain her, with another fish in her talons. + </p> + <p> + 9. On nearing the field, she made a circuit around it, to see + if her enemies were again there. Finding the coast clear, she + once more reached her tree, drooping, faint, and weary, and + evidently nearly exhausted. Again the eaglets set up their + cry, which was soon hushed by the distribution of a dinner, + such as—save the cooking—a king might admire. + </p> + <p> + 10. "GLORIOUS BIRD!" cried the boy in ecstacy, and aloud; + "what a spirit! Other birds can fly swifter, others can sing + more sweetly, others can scream more loudly; but what + <i>other bird</i>, when persecuted and robbed—when + weary —when discouraged—when so far from + sea,—would have done this! + </p> + <p> + 11. "GLORIOUS BIRD! I will learn a lesson from thee to-day. I + will never forget hereafter, that when the spirit is + determined, it can do almost anything. Others would have + drooped and hung the head, and mourned over the cruelty of + man, and sighed over the wants of the nestlings; but + <i>thou,</i> by at once recovering the loss, hast forgotten + all. + </p> + <p> + 12. "I will learn of thee, <i>noble bird!</i> I will remember + this. I will set my mark high. I will try to do something, + and to be something in the world; <i>I will never yield to + discouragements."</i> + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. How far was this Old Eagle tree from the + seashore? 2. In what way did the workmen obtain the fish she + brought for her young? 3. What is said of the eaglets and the + parent bird, when she returned to the nest? 4. What did she + then do? 5. What did Joseph say when she returned with + another fish? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson19"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XIX. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + AUC' TION, vendue; public sale.<br> + HOME' LESS, (LESS, <i>without or destitute of,</i>) without + home.<br> + PEN' NI LESS, destitute of pennies.<br> + WASTE' LESS, without waste.<br> + UN LIGHT' ED, (UN, <i>not</i>,) not lighted.<br> + SELF' ISH NESS, devoted to one's self.<br> + RE VERSE' (RE, <i>back</i> or <i>again</i>; VERSE, + <i>turn</i>), turn back, or exchange places.<br> + AC QUIRE', gain; obtain.<br> + IL LUS TRA' TION, explanation.<br> + SOL' I TA RY, single.<br> + DIS PEL', drive away; disperse.<br> + BE NIGHT' ED, unenlightened. + </div> + <h4> + THE LIGHT OF KNOWLEDGE. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + ELIHU BURRITT. + </p> + <p> + 1. Knowledge can not be stolen from you. It can not be bought + or sold. You may be <i>poor</i>, and the sheriff come into + your house, and sell your furniture at auction, or drive away + your cow, or take your lamb, and leave you homeless and + penniless; but he can not lay the law's hand upon the + <i>jewelry of your mind</i>. This can not be taken for debt; + neither can you <i>give it away</i>, though you give enough + of it to fill a million minds. + </p> + <p> + 2. I will tell you what such giving is like. Suppose, now, + that there were no sun nor stars in the heavens, nor any + thing that shone in the black brow of night; and suppose that + a lighted lamp were put into your hand, which should burn + wasteless and clear amid all the tempests that should brood + upon this lower world. + </p> + <p> + 3. Suppose next, that there were a thousand millions of human + beings on the earth with you, each holding in his hand an + unlighted lamp, filled with the same oil as yours, and + capable of giving as much light. Suppose these millions + should come, one by one, to you, and light each his lamp by + yours, would they rob you of any light? Would less of it + shine on your own path? Would your lamp burn more dimly for + lighting a thousand millions? + </p> + <p> + 4. Thus it is, young friends. In getting rich in the things + which perish with the using, men have often obeyed to the + letter that first commandment of selfishness: <i>"Keep what + you can get, and get what you can."</i> In filling your minds + with the wealth of knowledge, you must reverse this rule, and + obey this law: <i>"Keep what you give, and give what you + can."</i> + </p> + <p> + 5. The fountain of knowledge is filled by its <i>outlets,</i> + not by its inlets. You can <i>learn</i> nothing which you do + not <i>teach;</i> you can acquire nothing of intellectual + wealth, except by <i>giving.</i> In the illustration of the + lamps, which I have given you, was not the light of the + thousands of millions which were lighted at yours, as much + your light, as if it all came from your solitary lamp? Did + you not dispel darkness by giving away light? + </p> + <p> + 6. Remember this parable, and, whenever you fall in with an + unlighted mind in your walk of life, drop a kind and glowing + thought upon it from yours, and set it a-burning in the world + with a light that shall shine in some dark place to beam on + the benighted. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What is said of knowledge? 2. What is the + giving of knowledge like? 3. In getting rich, what precept + have men obeyed? 4. What precept must be obeyed in getting + knowledge? 5. How is knowledge best acquired? 6. What is + meant by the <i>jewelry of the mind,</i> first paragraph? 7. + What, by <i>intellectual wealth,</i> fifth paragraph? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson20"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XX. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + EX TIN' GUISH ED, put out.<br> + SOL' EMN, grave; serious.<br> + GAR' RI SON, fortress furnished with soldiers, for + defense.<br> + SEN' TI NEL, soldier on guard.<br> + CAR A VAN, company of traveling traders or pilgrims.<br> + CON STEL LA' TIONS, clusters of fixed stars.<br> + BRILL' IANT, shining; sparkling.<br> + HOST, great multitude.<br> + EX' TRA, additional.<br> + CRES' CENT, form of the new moon.<br> + HAIL' ED, saluted.<br> + EF FUL' GENCE, splendor.<br> + RE' GEN CY, rule; government.<br> + WAN' ING, decreasing.<br> + SUP PLI CA TION, prayer; petition.<br> + RAPT' URE, great joy; transport. + </div> + <p> + [Headnote 1: PAL' ES TINE includes that part of Turkey in + Asia, lying on the eastern borders of the Mediterranean Sea.] + </p> + <h4> + NIGHT'S LESSONS. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + L.H. SIGOURNEY. + </p> + <p> + 1. The lessons of our school are over. The lights in the + distant windows are extinguished, one after the other. The + village will soon be lost in slumber. When all the men and + the women are asleep, must we keep awake to learn lessons? + </p> + <p> + 2. In large cities, there may be heard, now and then, the + rushing wheel of the traveler. The watchmen pace their round, + and cry, <i>"All is well."</i> In the long, cold nights of + Norway, the watchmen who guard the capitol, pronounce, in a + solemn tone, "God bless our good city of Bergen!" + </p> + <p> + 3. In the garrison, or the endangered fortress, the armed + sentinel keeps watch, lest they should be surprised by the + foe. But in this peaceful village there is no need of either + sentinel or watchman. Why may we not go to sleep, instead of + learning Night's lessons? + </p> + <p> + 4. My son, one of these you may learn in a moment. Did you + say that all will soon be sleeping? No! there is one Eye that + never slumbers. He who made all the people, keepeth watch + above the everlasting hills. Commit yourself to His care. + </p> + <p> + 5. Now, will you learn with me the second lesson of the + night? Lift your eyes to yon glorious canopy. Seest thou not + there a sentinel, set by the Eternal, at the northern gate of + heaven,—the pole-star? + </p> + <p> + 6. The pole-star! Blessings are breathed upon it, by the + weary caravan, fearing the poisonous wind of the + desert,—by the red forest-children, seeking their home + beyond the far Western prairies,—and by the lonely + mariner, upon the pathless ocean. + </p> + <p> + 7. The stars! See them! The oil in their lamps never burns + out. These glorious constellations wheel their mighty course + unchanged, while "man dieth and wasteth away, yea, man giveth + up the ghost, and where is he?" [Footnote: Job, 14th chap., + 10th verse.] + </p> + <p> + 8. Yon brilliant orbs maintain their places, while countless + generations pass away, and nations disappear and are + forgotten. Let us bow in humility before "Him who bringeth + out their host by number, who calleth them all by names, by + the greatness of His might, for that He is strong in power; + not one faileth." [Footnote: Isaiah. 40th chap., 26th verse.] + </p> + <p> + 9. Thirteen times in the year, Night, the teacher, gives + extra lessons. Will you be there to learn them? First, she + hangs up a pale crescent in the west. The ancient Jews hailed + its infant beam, and answering fires of joy were kindled on + the hills of Palestine.[Headnote 1] + </p> + <p> + 10. Next, she summons forth a rounded orb, clad in full + effulgence, and commits to it the regency when the sun + retires. Lastly, a slender, waning crescent appears nightly, + like an aged man, ready to descend into the night of the + tomb. + </p> + <p> + 11.<br> + "Soon as the evening shades prevail,<br> + The moon takes up the wondrous tale,<br> + And nightly to the listening earth,<br> + Repeats the story of her birth;<br> + While all the stars that round her burn,<br> + And all the planets in their turn,<br> + Confirm the tidings as they roll,<br> + And spread the truth from pole to pole." + </p> + <p> + 12. These are some of Night's lessons. Are you tired of them? + Or, will you learn one more? Lift up your heart to Him who + has given you the past day, with thanks for its + blessings,—with penitence for its faults,—with + supplication for strength and wisdom for the time that is to + come. + </p> + <p> + 13. "Day unto day uttereth speech, and night unto night + showeth knowledge" [Footnote: Psalm 19th, 2nd verse.] of God. + Thus, meekly and faithfully studying Night's lessons, may we + find + </p> + <pre> + "Even sorrow, touched by Heaven, grows bright + With more than rapture's ray, + As darkness shows us worlds of light, + We never saw by day." +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. Who watches over us when asleep? 2. In + what way is the pole-star useful to man? 3. What is said of + the stars? 4. What extra lessons is it that night gives + thirteen times a year? 5. Describe the first appearance of + the moon. 6. How does it next appear? 7. Where is Palestine? + 8. Where are the passages to be found, quoted in the 7th, + 8th, and 13th paragraphs? 9. Do you know who is the author of + the 11th verse? Ans. Addison. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson21"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXI. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + HID' DEN, secret; concealed.<br> + QUAIL, sink; droop.<br> + SCORN' ING, disdaining.<br> + GREET' ING, salutation.<br> + VIEW' LESS, not to be seen.<br> + YEARN' ETH, longeth.<br> + CHANT, sing; carol.<br> + PORT' AL, entrance; gate-way.<br> + CHEER' Y, gay; lively.<br> + E TER' NI TY, endless duration. + </div> + <h4> + NATURE'S TEACHINGS. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + CHAMBERS' JOURNAL. + </p> + <pre> +FIRST VOICE. +1. Sunlight! tell the hidden meaning + Of the rays thou lettest fall; + Are they lessons writ in burning, + Like God's warning on the wall? +SECOND VOICE. + Strive, O man, to let a loving + Spirit cheer the sad and poor; + So shall many a fair hope blossom, + Where none grew before! +FIRST VOICE. +2. Stars! what is it ye would whisper, + With your pure and holy light? + Looking down so calm and tender + From the watch-tower of the night. +SECOND VOICE. + When thy soul would quail from scorning, + Keep a brave heart and a bold; + As we always shine the brightest + When the nights are cold. +FIRST VOICE. +3. Hast thou not a greeting for me, + Heaven's own happy minstrel-bird'? + Thou whose voice, like some sweet angel's, + Viewless, in the cloud is heard'? +SECOND VOICE. + Though thy spirit yearneth sky-ward, + Oh, forget not human worth! + I, who chant at heaven's portal, + Build my nest on earth. +FIRST VOICE. +4. River! river'! singing gayly + From the hill-side all day long, + Teach my heart the merry music + Of thy cheery, rippling song. +SECOND VOICE. + Many winding ways I follow; + Yet, at length, I reach the sea. + Man, remember that <i>thy</i> ocean + Is ETERNITY! +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What is meant by <i>God's warning on the + wall?</i> See the 5th chap. of Daniel. 2. What is meant by + <i>minstrel-bird?</i> Ans. The lark. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson22"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + GLARE, dazzling light.<br> + BLITHE' LY, gayly; joyfully.<br> + WROUGHT, worked; labored.<br> + RE MORSE', painful regret.<br> + WANE, decrease; grow less.<br> + FAN' CIES, whims; notions. + </div> + <p> + A NON.<i>'</i> is an abbreviation of <i>anonymous</i>, which + means <i>without name; nameless</i>. See SANDERS' ANALYSIS, + page 88, Exercise 108. + </p> + <h4> + SOWING AND HARVESTING. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + ANON. + </p> + <pre> +1. They are sowing their seed in the daylight fair, + They are sowing their seed in the noonday's glare, + They are sowing their seed in the soft twilight, + They are sowing their seed in the solemn night; +<i>What</i> shall their harvest be? +2. They are sowing their seed of pleasant thought, + In the spring's green light they have blithely wrought; + They have brought their fancies from wood and dell, + Where the mosses creep, and the flower-buds swell; +<i>Rare</i> shall the harvest be! +3. They are sowing the seeds of word and deed, + Which the cold know not, nor the careless heed,— + Of the gentle word and the kindest deed, + That have blessed the heart in its sorest need; +<i>Sweet</i> shall the harvest be! +4. And some are sowing the seeds of pain, + Of late remorse, and in maddened brain; + And the stars shall fall, and the sun shall wane, + Ere they root the weeds from the soil again; +<i>Dark</i> will the harvest be! +5. And some are standing with idle hand, + Yet they scatter seeds on their native land; + And some are sowing the seeds of care, + Which their soil has borne, and still must bear; +<i>Sad</i> will the harvest be! +6. They are sowing the seed of noble deed, + With a sleepless watch and an earnest heed; + With a ceaseless hand o'er the earth they sow, + And the fields are whitening where'er they go; +<i>Rich</i> will the harvest be! +7. Sown in darkness, or sown in light, + Sown in weakness, or sown in might, + Sown in meekness, or sown in wrath, + In the broad work-field, or the shadowy path, + SURE will the harvest be! +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. Who are meant by <i>they</i> in this + lesson? 2. What is said of those who are <i>sowing the seeds + of word and deed?</i> 3. What, of those who are sowing the + <i>seeds of care?</i> 4. Repeat the last verse. 5. What + passage of Scripture teaches the same idea? Ans. "Whatsoever + a man soweth, that shall he also reap."—Gal., 6th + chap., 7th verse. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson23"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXIII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + FOR' TI FI ED, strengthened by works of art for defense.<br> + SUL' TRY, close; oppressively hot.<br> + BOAT' SWAIN, one who has charge of a ship's boats, rigging, + &c.<br> + TARS, sailors.<br> + MOOR' ED, anchored.<br> + BUOYS, floats.<br> + AN' CHOR, iron instrument for holding ships.<br> + STAR' BOARD, right side of a ship.<br> + FORE' CAS TLE, short deck in the fore part of a ship.<br> + WAKE, track.<br> + BE REFT', deprived.<br> + IM' MI NENT, impending.<br> + PIERC' ED, went through.<br> + FORE AND AFT, before and behind.<br> + SWAY' ED, swung; moved.<br> + CAR' CASS, dead body.<br> + EX CITE' MENT, agitation.<br> + PHA' SES, forms; appearances. + </div> + <p> + [Headnote 1: SA HA' RA, is a Great Desert in Africa, lying + south of the Barbary States, and extending from the Atlantic + on the west to Egypt and Nubia on the east. The winds that + come from this desert, are hot and suffocating.] + </p> + <h4> + A THRILLING INCIDENT. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + ANON. + </p> + <p> + 1. Our noble ship lay at anchor in the Bay of Tangier, a + fortified town in the extreme northwest of Africa. The day + had been extremely mild, with a gentle breeze sweeping to the + northward and westward; but, toward the close of the + afternoon, the sea-breeze died away, and one of those sultry, + oven-like breathings came from the great, sun-burnt Sahara + [Headnote 1]. + </p> + <p> + 2. Half an hour before sundown, the captain gave the cheering + order for the boatswain to call the hands to "go in + swimming;" and, in less than five minutes, the forms of our + tars were seen leaping from the arms of the lower yards, into + the water. One of the studding sails, with its corners + suspended from the main yard-arm and the swinging boom, had + been lowered into the water, and into this most of the + swimmers made their way. + </p> + <p> + 3. Among those who seemed to be enjoying the sport most + heartily, were two of the boys, Timothy Wallace and Frederic + Fairbanks, the latter of whom was the son of our old gunner; + and, in a laughing mood, they started out from the studding + sail on a race. There was a loud ringing shout of joy on + their lips as they put off, and they darted through the water + like fishes. The surface of the sea was smooth as glass, + though its bosom rose in long, heavy swells that set in from + the Atlantic. + </p> + <p> + 4. The vessel was moored with a long sweep from both cables, + and one of the buoys of the anchor was far away on the + starboard quarter, where it rose and fell with the lazy + swells of the waves. Toward this buoy the two lads made their + way, young Fairbanks taking the lead; but, when they were + within about twenty or thirty fathoms of the buoy, Wallace + shot ahead and promised to win the race. + </p> + <p> + 5. The old gunner had watched the progress of his little son + with a great degree of pride; and when he saw him drop + behind, he leaped upon the quarter-deck, and was just upon + the point of urging him on by a shout, when a cry was heard + that struck him with instant horror. + </p> + <p> + 6. "<i>A shark! a shark!</i>" was sounded from the captain of + the forecastle; and, at the sound of these terrible words, + the men who were in the water, leaped and plunged toward the + ship. Right abeam, at the distance of three or four cables' + lengths, was seen the wake of a shark in the water, where the + back of the monster was visible. His course was for the boys. + </p> + <p> + 7. For a moment, the gunner stood like one bereft of reason; + but, on the next, he shouted at the top of his voice, for the + boys to turn; but they heard him not. Stoutly the two + swimmers strove for the goal, all unconscious of their + imminent danger. Their merry laugh still rang over the + waters, and, at length, they both touched the buoy together. + </p> + <p> + 8. Oh, what agony filled the heart of the gunner! A boat had + put off, but he knew that it could not reach the boys in + season, and every moment he expected to see the monster sink + from sight,—<i>then</i> he knew that all hope would be + gone. At this moment, a cry reached the ship, that pierced + every heart,—the boys had discovered their enemy. + </p> + <p> + 9. The cry started the old gunner to his senses, and quicker + than thought, he sprang from the quarter-deck. The guns were + all loaded and shotted, fore and aft, and none knew their + temper better than he. With steady hand, made strong by + sudden hope, the old gunner seized a priming-wire and picked + the cartridge of one of the quarter guns; then he took from + his pocket a percussion cap, fixed it in its place, and set + back the hammer of the patent lock. + </p> + <p> + 10. With a giant strength the old man swayed the breech of + the heavy gun to its bearing, and then seizing the string of + the lock, he stood back and watched for the next swell that + would bring the shark in range. He had aimed the piece some + distance ahead of his mark; but yet a little moment would + settle his hopes and fears. + </p> + <p> + 11. Every breath was hushed, and every heart in that old ship + beat painfully. The boat was yet some distance from the boys, + while the horrid sea-monster was fearfully near. Suddenly the + air was rent by the roar of the heavy gun; and, as the old + man knew his shot was gone, he sank back upon the hatch, and + covered his face with his hands, as if afraid to see the + result of his own efforts; for, if he had failed, he knew + that his boy was lost. + </p> + <p> + 12. For a moment after the report of the gun had died away + upon the air, there was an unbroken silence; but, as the + dense smoke arose from the surface of the water, there was, + at first, a low murmur breaking from the lips of the + men,—that murmur grew louder and stronger, till it + swelled to a joyous, deafening shout. The old gunner sprang + to his feet, and gazed off on the water, and the first thing + that met his view, was the huge carcass of the shark, + floating on his back—a mangled, lifeless mass. + </p> + <p> + 13. In a few moments, the boats reached the daring swimmers, + and, greatly frightened, they were brought on board. The old + man clasped his boy in his arms, and then, overcome by the + powerful excitement, he leaned upon a gun for support. I have + seen men in all the phases of excitement and suspense, but + never have I seen three human beings more overcome by + thrilling emotions, than on that startling moment when they + first knew the effect of our gunner's shot. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. Where is the town of Tangier? 2. What + order had been given by the captain of the vessel? 3. Who + seemed most to enjoy the sport? 4. What is said of the old + gunner? 5. What did he do? 6. What effect did his shot + produce? 7. Describe the closing scene. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson24"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXIV. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + DIS GUISE', concealment.<br> + WAY' LAID, beset by the way.<br> + THREAT' EN ED, declared the intention.<br> + IN CLINE, dispose.<br> + RUF' FIANS, robbers; murderers.<br> + DIS TRIB'UTE, divide; apportion.<br> + TREAS' UR Y, place for keeping money.<br> + ALMS, gifts; donations.<br> + MI' SER LY, covetous; niggardly.<br> + SAL' A RY, wages; allowance for services.<br> + IN VOLV' ING, entangling.<br> + BE WIL' DER ED, puzzled; perplexed.<br> + LOG' IC, reasoning.<br> + SAGE, wise man.<br> + FUL FILL' ING, performing.<br> + E VA' SION, departure from truth.<br> + DE CEIT', deception; fraud. + </div> + <h4> + THE TRUTHFUL KING. + </h4> + <p> + 1. A certain Persian king, while traveling in disguise, with + but few attendants, was waylaid by robbers, who threatened to + take not only his goods, but his life. + </p> + <p> + 2. Feeling himself beyond the reach of human aid, he inwardly + made a vow, that if God would incline the hearts of these + ruffians to mercy, and restore him in safety to his family + and people, he would distribute all the money then in his + treasury, in alms to the needy of his realm. + </p> + <p> + 3. The robbers, from some unknown cause, liberated him, and + he soon reached home in safety, having sustained no injury, + save the loss of the small purse of gold that he had carried + in his girdle. + </p> + <p> + 4. Desirous of keeping the vow he had made, he summoned his + officers, and commanded them to make immediate distribution + to the poor, of all that the treasury contained, at the time + of his return. + </p> + <p> + 5. But his officers, more miserly than himself, and, fearful + that they might fall short in their salaries and pensions, + began to urge upon the monarch the folly of keeping this rash + vow, and the danger of thus involving himself and his kingdom + in difficulties. + </p> + <p> + 6. Finding he still remained firm, they took other grounds, + and plausibly argued that the troops and other officials + needed aid as well as the poor; and, as by the <i>words</i> + of his vow, he had bound himself to distribute the contents + of the treasury to those who had claim to relief, the public + servants certainly came within the required limits. + </p> + <p> + 7. Bewildered by their false logic, and sincerely desirous of + doing right, he appealed to a certain sage who dwelt near the + royal palace, and determined to abide by his decision. + </p> + <p> + 8. The sage, after hearing the case, only asked the following + simple question: "Of whom were you thinking when you made the + vow,—the poor, or the public servants?" The monarch + replied, "Of the poor." "Then," answered the sage, "it is to + the <i>poor</i> you are bound to distribute these funds; for + you are not <i>really</i> fulfilling your vow, unless you do + that which you intended to do when it was made." The king was + satisfied that this was the right decision, and did as the + sage advised. + </p> + <p> + 9. Let the young bear in mind that God is a being of truth, + requiring truth in the inward heart; and, if they would have + His approval, and that of their own consciences, they must + avoid not only the <i>outward</i> appearance of falsehood, + but the slightest evasion or deceit; and when promises have + been made, fulfill not only the <i>letter</i>, but the + <i>spirit</i> of that which they agreed to perform. + </p> + <p> + 10. Beware of the first and slightest departure from truth, + of the least endeavor to deceive, and even of the desire to + have others believe what is not so. Let your motto be, + <i>"The truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the + truth."</i> + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What happened to a certain Persian king? + 2. What vow did he then make? 3. What objection did his + officers make to this? 4. What did the king then do? 5. What + was the sage's decision? 6. What motto ought you to adopt? 7. + What rule for spelling the word <i>traveling</i> with one + <i>l</i>? See SANDERS & McELLIGOTT'S ANALYSIS, page 13, + Rule 10. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson25"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXV. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + EN TIC' ES, allures; leads astray.<br> + PRE TEXT, pretense; false reason.<br> + PRO FANE, pollute; defile,<br> + TEMP TA' TION, allurement.<br> + IN' LY, within; in the heart.<br> + DE CLARES, says; asserts.<br> + CHAFE, vex; provoke.<br> + MAL' ICE, hatred; malevolence.<br> + AV' A RICE, excessive love of money.<br> + FORE GO', give up; renounce.<br> + MAM' MON, god of wealth; riches.<br> + IN DIG' NANT, with anger; disdainfully.<br> + LU' CRE, gain; profit.<br> + EM PRISE', enterprise; undertaking.<br> + SURE' TY, security.<br> + O VER THROW', subvert; destroy.<br> + CON TEMPT', scorn; disdain.<br> + SOR' CER ESS, enchantress.<br> + EX PEL', (EX, <i>out</i>; PEL, <i>to drive</i>) drive out; + banish.<br> + RE SIST', (RE, <i>again</i>; SIST, <i>to stand</i>,) stand + again; hence, to withstand. + </div> + <p> + See SANDERS and McELLIGOTT'S ANALYSIS, page 90, Ex. 113; + also, page 110, Ex. 142. + </p> + <h4> + WHEN SHALL I ANSWER NO? + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + J.N. McELLIGOTT. + </p> + <pre> + 1. When FALSEHOOD fair entices thee + Against the truth to go, + No matter what the pretext be, + Be thy firm answer,—No! + 2. When RASHNESS would thy tongue profane + With language vile and low, + O, make the gross temptation vain, + By answering inly,—No! + 3. When PRIDE the silly wish declares, + That thou should'st fashion know, + And lifts thy head with empty airs, + Be wise, and answer,—No! + 4. When ENVY would thy spirit chafe, + That others prosper so, + On calm contentment resting safe, + Expel her with a—No! + 5. When MALICE foul, or deadly HATE, + Would turn thee on a foe, + And dark, revengeful thirst create, + In horror answer,—No! + 6. When sluggish SLEEP, with folded arms, + Would make thee health forego, +(<i>''</i>) Rise up at once, resist her charms; +<i>Act out</i> the answer,—No! + 7. When AVARICE would, with heartless speed, + Shout out the sight of woe, + And whisper joy from Mammon's greed, + Indignant answer,—No! + 8. When filthy LUCRE lifts her hand, + Ungodly gains to show, + Though she should promise all the land, + Be thy prompt answer,—No! + 9. When greedy GAIN, or rash EMPRISE, + Would have thee surety go, + Keep Wisdom's words[Footnote 1] before thine eyes, + And firmly answer,—No! + 10. When mad AMBITION would seduce, + The <i>right</i> to overthrow, + And turn the selfish passions loose, + In mercy answer,—No! + 11. When foul CONTEMPT of Holy Writ + Would in thy bosom sow + The wish to be where scorners sit,[Footnote 2] + Let Conscience answer,—No! + 12. When SIN, indeed, whate'er her style, + Would have thee with her go; + Stay not to hear the Sorceress vile, + But leave her with a—No! +</pre> + <p> + [Footnote 1: Prov., 11th Chap., 15th verse.] + </p> + <p> + [Footnote 2: 1st Psalm, 1st verse.] + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson26"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXVI. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + PE RUSE', read; study.<br> + AL LOT' TED, assigned.<br> + ME RID' I AN, noon; mid-day.<br> + GEN' U INE, true; real.<br> + ART' FUL, cunning; crafty.<br> + MIM' ICK ED, pretended; counterfeited.<br> + PRE SIDE', have sway or rule.<br> + DE MER' IT, ill-desert; defect.<br> + RU' BY, precious stone.<br> + PUP' PET, little image.<br> + DE TER' MINE, decide; find out.<br> + ER' MINE, fine fur—(of the ermine.)<br> + CAP' TOR, one who takes a prize.<br> + SCEP' TERS, emblems of authority.<br> + CHA' RY, careful; wary.<br> + MYS' TIC, secret; mysterious. + </div> + <p> + We have seldom seen any thing so full of wit, truth, and + practical wisdom, as this poem inscribed. + </p> + <h4> + TO MASTERS ROBERT AND JOHN. + </h4> + <pre> + 1. Take this book, my boys, + Earnestly peruse it; + Much of after lies + In the way ye use it: + Keep it neat and clean; + For, remember, in it, + Every stain that's seen, + Marks a thoughtless minute. + 2. Life is like a book, + Time is like a printer, + Darting now his look + Where has gloomed no winter. + Thus he'll look, and on, + Till each page allotted, + Robert, thee and John, + Printed be or blotted. + 3. Youth's a sunny beam, + Dancing o'er a river, + With a flashing gleam, + Then away forever. + Use it while ye may, + Not in childish mourning,— + Not in childish play, + But in <i>useful learning</i>. + 4. As your years attain + Life's meridian brightness, + Hourly seek and gain +<i>Genuine politeness:</i> + This lives not in forms, + As too many teach us,— + Not in open arms, + Not in silken speeches, + 5. Not in haughty eye, + Not in artful dealing, + Not within the sigh + Of a mimicked feeling: + But its lights preside + Rich in nature's splendor, + Over honest pride, + Gentleness and candor. + 6. Slight ye not the soul + For the frame's demerit; + Oft a shattered bowl + Holds a mighty spirit: + Never search a breast + By thy ruby's glances; + Pomp's a puppet guest, + Danced by circumstances. + 7. What is good and great, + Sense can soon determine; + Prize it though ye meet, + Or in rags or ermine. + Fortune's truly blind; + Fools may be her captors; + But the <i>wealth of mind</i> + Stands above their scepters. + 8. Value not the lips + Swiftest kept in motion, + Fleetly-sailing ships + Draw no depth of ocean: + Snatch the chary gleam, + From the cautious knowing + For the deepest stream + Scarcely lisps 'tis flowing. + 9. Cull from bad and good + Every seeming flower, + Store it up as food + For some hungry hour: + Press its every leaf, + And remember, Johnny, + Even weeds the chief + May have drops of honey. +10. Pomp and power alone + Never make a blessing; + Seek not e'en a throne + By one wretch distressing. + Better toil a slave + For the blood-earned penny, + Than be rich, and have + A curse on every guinea. +11. Think, my gentle boys, + Every man a brother! +<i>That's where honor lies,</i> + Nay, but <i>greatness</i> rather: + One's the mystic whole, + Lordly flesh won't know it; + But the kingly soul, + Sees but vice below it. +12. Robert, thoughts like these, + Store you more than money; + Read them not to please, + But to practice, Johnny. + Artless though their dress, + As an infant's dimple, +<i>Truth is none the less</i> +<i>For being truly simple.</i> +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What did the writer tell Robert and John + to do with the book, given them? 2. What use did he tell them + to make of Youth? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson27"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXVII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + AV A RI'' CIOUS, greedy after gain.<br> + IN' TI MATE, close in friendship.<br> + EA' GER NESS, ardent desire.<br> + FRU GAL' I TY, wise economy.<br> + AC QUI SI'' TIONS, gains.<br> + AF' FLU ENCE, great wealth.<br> + SUC' CES SION, regular order.<br> + MOIL' ING, drudging; laboring.<br> + DIS CON TIN' U ED, ceased.<br> + AS SI DU' I TY, untiring diligence.<br> + DIS GUST' ED, greatly dissatisfied.<br> + IN DULG' ED, gratified.<br> + MON' STROUS, very large.<br> + SUC CEED' ING, following.<br> + MAT' TOCK, pick-ax.<br> + UN DER MINE', dig under.<br> + O' MEN, sign; token.<br> + IM AG' IN ED, conceived. + </div> + <h4> + WHANG, THE MILLER. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + GOLDSMITH. + </p> + <p> + 1. Whang, the miller, was naturally avaricious; nobody loved + money better than he, or more respected those that had it. + When people would talk of a rich man in company, Whang would + say, "<i>I</i> know him very well, <i>he</i> and <i>I</i> + have been very long acquainted; <i>he</i> and <i>I</i> are + intimate." + </p> + <p> + 2. But, if a poor man was mentioned, he had not the least + knowledge of the man; he might be very well, for aught + <i>he</i> knew; but he was not fond of making many + acquaintances, and loved to choose his company. + </p> + <p> + 3. Whang, however, with all his eagerness for riches, was + poor. He had nothing but the profits of his mill to support + him; but, though these were small, they were certain: while + it stood and went, he was sure of eating; and his frugality + was such, that he, every day, laid some money by; which he + would, at intervals, count and contemplate with much + satisfaction. + </p> + <p> + 4. Yet still his acquisitions were not equal to his desires; + he only found himself above want; whereas he desired to be + possessed of affluence. One day, as he was indulging these + wishes, he was informed that a neighbor of his had found a + pan of money under ground, having dreamed of it three nights + in succession. + </p> + <p> + 5. These tidings were daggers to the heart of poor Whang. + "Here am I," said he, "toiling and moiling from morning till + night for a few paltry farthings, while neighbor Thanks only + goes quietly to bed, and dreams himself into thousands before + morning. Oh, that I could dream like him! With what pleasure + would I dig round the pan! How slyly would I carry it home! + Not even my wife should see me! And then, oh the pleasure of + thrusting one's hands into a heap of gold up to the elbows!" + </p> + <p> + 6. Such reflections only served to make the miller unhappy. + He discontinued his former assiduity; he was quite disgusted + with small gains; and his customers began to forsake him. + Every day he repeated the wish, and every night laid himself + down in order to dream. Fortune, that was for a long time + unkind, at last, however, seemed to smile upon his distress, + and indulged him with the wished-for vision. + </p> + <p> + 7. He dreamed that under a certain part of the foundation of + his mill, there was concealed a monstrous pan of gold and + diamonds, buried deep in the ground, and covered with a large + flat stone. He concealed his good luck from every person, as + is usual in money-dreams, in order to have the vision + repeated the two succeeding nights, by which he should be + certain of its truth. His wishes in this, also, were + answered; he still dreamed of the same pan of money, in the + very same place. + </p> + <p> + 8. Now, therefore, it was past a doubt; so, getting up early + the third morning, he repaired, alone, with a mattock in his + hand, to the mill, and began to undermine that part of the + wall to which the vision directed. The first omen of success + that he met with, was a broken ring; digging still deeper, he + turned up a house-tile, quite new and entire. + </p> + <p> + 9. At last, after much digging, he came to a broad flat + stone; but then it was so large, that it was beyond his + strength to remove it. "<i>There</i>," cried he in raptures + to himself, "<i>there it is!</i> under this stone, there is + room for a very large pan of diamonds indeed. I must e'en go + home to my wife, and tell her the whole affair, and get her + to assist me in turning it up." Away, therefore, he goes, and + acquaints his wife with every circumstance of their good + fortune. + </p> + <p> + 10. Her raptures, on this occasion, may easily be imagined; + she flew round his neck, and embraced him in an agony of joy. + But these transports, however, did not allay their eagerness + to know the exact sum; returning, together, to the place + where Whang had been digging, there they found—not, + indeed, the expected treasure—but the mill, their only + support, undermined and fallen! + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. Upon what was Whang, the miller, + dependent for support? 2. Why was he not satisfied? 3. What + did he say to himself, after the information he had received + from a neighbor? 4. What effect had such reflections upon + him? 5. What did he dream three nights successively? 6. What + did he do? 7. What was the result? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson28"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXVIII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + PO LITE' NESS, good manners.<br> + FI DEL' I TY, faithfulness.<br> + IN CU BA' TION, act of hatching eggs.<br> + REC RE A' TION, pastime; amusement.<br> + DE MURE' LY, gravely; with affected modesty.<br> + AP PRE CI A' TION, estimate.<br> + LITHE, nimble; flexible.<br> + EX' IT, departure; going out.<br> + ARCH' I TECTS, (<i>ch</i>, like <i>k</i>,) builders.<br> + SA LI' VA, spittle.<br> + SE CRETE', to deposit; produce.<br> + CON'' GRE GATE, collect together.<br> + FLEDG' ED, furnished with feathers.<br> + DO MAIN', realm; kingdom.<br> + AC COM MO DA' TIONS, conveniences.<br> + MI' GRATE, remove; travel.<br> + SPHERE, (<i>ph</i> like <i>f</i>,) circuit of action. + </div> + <h4> + CHIMNEY-SWALLOWS. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + HENRY WARD BEECHER. + </p> + <p> + 1. Every one knows, who lives in the country, what a + chimney-swallow is. They are among the birds that seem to + love the neighborhood of man. Many birds there are, that + nestle confidingly in the protection of their superiors, and + are seldom found nesting or breeding far from human + habitations. + </p> + <p> + 2. The wren builds close to your door. Sparrows and robins, + if well treated, will make their nests right under your + window, in some favorite tree, and will teach you, if you + choose to go into the business, how to build birds' nests. + </p> + <p> + 3. A great deal of politeness and fidelity may be learned. + The female bird is waited upon, fed, cheered with singing, + during her incubation, in a manner that might give lessons to + the household. Nay, when she needs exercise and recreation, + her husband very demurely takes her place, and keeps the eggs + warm in the most gentlemanly way. + </p> + <p> + 4. Barn-swallows have a very sensible appreciation of the + pleasures of an ample barn. A barn might not be found quite + the thing to live in, (although we have seen many a place + where we would take the barn sooner than the house,) but it + is one of the most charming places in a summer-day to lounge, + read, or nap in. + </p> + <p> + 5. And, as you lie on your back upon the sweet-scented + hay-mow, or upon clean straw thrown down on the great floor, + reading books of natural history, it is very pleasant to see + the flitting swallows glance in and out, or course about + under the roof, with motion so lithe and rapid as to seem + more like the glancing of shadows than the winging of birds. + Their mud-nests are clean, if they <i>are</i> made of dirt; + and you would never dream, from their feathers, what sort of + a house they lived in. + </p> + <p> + 6. But, it was of <i>chimney-swallows</i> that we began to + write; and they are just now roaring in the little, stubbed + chimney behind us, to remind us of our duty. Every evening we + hear them; for a nest of young ones brings the parents in + with food, early and late, and every entrance or exit is like + a distant roll of thunder, or like those old-fashioned + rumblings of high winds in the chimney, which made us + children think that all out-of-doors was coming down the + chimney in stormy nights. + </p> + <p> + 7. These little architects build their simple nests upon the + sides of the chimney with sticks, which they are said to + break off from dead branches of trees, though they might more + easily pick them up already prepared. But they, doubtless, + have their own reasons for cutting their own timber. Then + these are glued to the wall by a saliva which they secrete, + so that they carry their mortar in their mouths, and use + their bills for trowels. + </p> + <p> + 8. When the young are ready to leave, they climb up the + chimney to the top, by means of their sharp claws, aided by + their tail-feathers, which are short, stiff, and at the end + armed with sharp spines. Two broods are reared in a season. + From the few which congregate in any one neighborhood, one + would not suspect the great numbers which assemble at the end + of the season. Audubon estimated that <i>nine thousand</i> + entered a large sycamore-tree, every night, to roost, near + Louisville, Kentucky. + </p> + <p> + 9. Sometimes the little nest has been slighted in building, + or the weight proves too great, and down it comes into the + fire-place, to the great amusement of the children, who are + all a-fever to hold in their hands these clean, bright-eyed + little fellows. Who would suspect that they had ever been + bred in such a flue? + </p> + <p> + 10. And it was just this thought that set us to writing. + Because a bird lives in a chimney, he need not be + <i>smutty</i>. There is many a fine feather that lives in a + chimney-corner. Nor are birds the <i>only</i> instances. Many + men are born in a garret, or in a cellar, who fly out of it, + as soon as fledged, as fine as any body. A lowly home has + reared many high natures. + </p> + <p> + 11. On these bare sticks, right against the bricks, in this + smoky flue, the eggs are laid, the brooding goes on, the + young are hatched, fed, grown. But then comes the day when + they spread the wing, and the whole heaven is theirs! From + morning to night, they can not touch the bounds of their + liberty! + </p> + <p> + 12. And, in like manner, it is with the human soul that has + learned to know its liberty. Born in a body, pent up, and + cramped, it seems imprisoned in a mere smoky flue for + passions. But, when once faith has taught the soul that it + has wings, then it begins to fly; and flying, finds that all + God's domain is its liberty. + </p> + <p> + 13. And, as the swallow that comes back to roost in its hard + hole at night, is quite content, so that the morning gives it + again all the bright heavens for its soaring-ground, so may + men, close quartered and cramped in bodily accommodations, be + quite patient of their narrow bounds, for their thoughts may + fly out every day gloriously. + </p> + <p> + 14. And as, in autumn, these children of the chimney gather + in flocks, and fly away to heavens without a winter, so men + shall find a day when they, too, shall migrate; and, rising + into a higher sphere, without storm or winter, shall remember + the troubles of this mortal life, as birds in Florida may be + supposed to remember the northern chills, which drove them + forth to a fairer clime. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What birds seem to love the neighborhood + of man? 2. In what respects may men be like birds? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson29"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXIX. + </h3> + <p> + The first part of each verse, or that portion read by the + <i>First Voice</i>, should be expressed in a slow and + despondent tone of voice: the second part, or that read by + the <i>Second Voice</i>, should be expressed in a more + sprightly and cheerful manner. + </p> + <h4> + THE DOUBTING HEART. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + ADELAIDE A. PROCTER. + </p> + <pre> +FIRST VOICE. + 1. Where are the swallows fled? + Frozen and dead, +Perchance, upon some bleak and stormy shore. +SECOND VOICE. + O doubting heart! + Far over purple seas, + They wait, in sunny ease, + The balmy southern breeze, +To bring them to their northern homes once more. +FIRST VOICE. + 2. Why must the flowers die? + Poisoned they lie +In the cold tomb, heedless of tears or rain. +SECOND VOICE. + O doubting heart! + They only sleep below + The soft, white ermine snow, + While winter winds shall blow, +To breathe and smile upon you soon again. +FIRST VOICE. + 3. The sun has hid its rays + These many days; +Will dreary hours never leave the earth? +SECOND VOICE. + O doubting heart! + The stormy clouds on high + Vail the same sunny sky, + That soon, (for Spring is nigh,) +Shall wake the Summer into golden mirth. +FIRST VOICE. + 4. Fair Hope is dead, and light + Is quenched in night. +What sound can break the silence of despair? +SECOND VOICE. + O doubting heart! + The sky is overcast, + Yet stars shall rise at last, + Brighter for darkness past, +And angels' silver voices stir the air. +</pre> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson30"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXX. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + DECK'ED, dressed; arrayed.<br> + TRAIL'ING, hanging down; following one after another.<br> + UN FAIL'ING, constant; continually.<br> + UN PLI'ANT, stiff; unbending.<br> + DE FI'ANT, daring; bidding defiance.<br> + VES'PER, evening.<br> + CRISP'ER, more brittle.<br> + TREAS'URES, wealth; riches.<br> + MER'IT, desert; goodness.<br> + IN HER'IT, occupy; possess.<br> + MOR'SEL, bit; small piece.<br> + WAIL'ING, loudly lamenting.<br> + RAIL'ING, clamoring. + </div> + <h4> + THE COMING OF WINTER. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + T.B. READ. + </p> + <pre> +1. Autumn's sighing, + Moaning, dying, + Clouds are flying + On like steeds; + While their shadows + O'er the meadows. + Walk like widows + Decked in weeds. +2. Red leaves trailing, + Fall unfailing, + Dropping, sailing, + From the wood, + That, unpliant, + Stands defiant, + Like a giant + Dropping blood. +3. Winds are swelling + Round our dwelling, + All day telling + Us their woe; + And, at vesper, + Frosts grow crisper, + As they whisper + Of the snow. +4. From th' unseen land, + Frozen inland, + Down from Greenland, + Winter glides, + Shedding lightness + Like the brightness + When moon-whiteness + Fills the tides. +5. Now bright Pleasure's + Sparkling measures + With rare treasures + Overflow! + With this gladness + Comes what sadness! + Oh, what madness, + Oh, what woe! +6. Even merit + May inherit + Some bare garret, + Or the ground; + Or, a worse ill, + Beg a morsel + At some door-sill, + Like a hound. +7. Storms are trailing, + Winds are wailing, + Howling, railing, + At each door. + 'Midst this trailing + Howling, railing, + List the wailing + Of the poor! +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What is the first sign of the coming of + winter? 2. What, the second? 3. What, the third? 4. What are + some of the pleasures of winter? 5. What is said of the poor + in winter? 6. What is the use of the apostrophes in the words + <i>autumn's, o'er, pleasure's, 'midst,</i> &c.? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson31"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXXI. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + LIVE' LONG, whole; entire.<br> + EAVES, edges of a roof.<br> + E' VEN TIDE, evening.<br> + STRIV' EN, struggled; contended.<br> + RE LIEV' ED, mitigated; alleviated.<br> + WRETCH' ED NESS, distress; destitution.<br> + OF FENSE', fault; crime.<br> + PEN' I TENCE, repentance; contrition.<br> + EL' O QUENT LY, forcibly; persuasively. + </div> + <h4> + CHILD TIRED OF PLAY. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + N.P. WILLIS. + </p> + <pre> + 1. Tired of play`! tired of play`! + What hast thou done this livelong day`? + The birds are silent´, and so is the bee`; + The sun is creeping up steeple and tree`; + The doves have flown to the sheltering eaves´, + And the nests are dark with the drooping leaves´; + Twilight gathers´, and day is done`,— + How hast them spent it`,—restless one´? + 2. Playing`? But what hast thou done beside, + To tell thy mother at eventide`? + What promise of morn is left unbroken`? + What kind word to thy playmates spoken`? + Whom hast thou pitied, and whom forgiven`? + How with thy faults has duty striven`? + What hast thou learned by field and hill, + By greenwood path, and by singing rill`? + 3. There will come an eve to a longer day', + That will find thee tired`,—but not of play'! + And thou wilt lean, as thou leanest now, + With drooping limbs, and aching brow, + And wish the shadows would faster creep, + And long to go to thy quiet sleep. +<i>Well</i> were it then, if thine aching brow + Were as free from sin and shame as now! +<i>Well</i> for thee, if thy lip could tell + A tale like this, of <i>a day spent well</i>. + 4. If thine open hand hath relieved distress',— + If thy pity hath sprung to wretchedness',— + If thou hast forgiven the sore offense', + And humbled thy heart with penitence',— + If Nature's voices have spoken to thee + With her holy meanings eloquently',— + If every creature hath won thy love', + From the creeping worm to the brooding dove',— + If never a sad, low-spoken word + Hath pled with thy human heart unheard',— +<i>Then</i>`, when the night steals on, as now, + It will bring relief to thine aching brow, + And, with joy and peace at the thought of rest, + Thou wilt sink to sleep on thy mother's breast. +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What had the child been doing? 2. What + questions did the mother ask? 3. What did she tell the child + would come? 4. What is meant by <i>eve to a longer day</i>, + third verse? 5. What, by <i>quiet sleep</i>, same verse? 6. + What ought we to do in life, in order to have a joyful and + peaceful death? 7. What rule for the rising inflection on + <i>restless one</i>, first verse? See page 32, Note I. 8. + What rule for the falling inflection on <i>playing</i>, + second verse? See page 29, Rule II. 9. What rule for the + rising inflections in the fourth verse? Rule V., page 31. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson32"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXXII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + NORTH-EAST' ERS, north-east winds.<br> + EX HAUST' ED, (<i>x</i> like <i>gz</i>,) tired out.<br> + VIG' I LANT, watchful.<br> + DE TECT' ED, discovered.<br> + LEE' WARD, pertaining to the part toward which the wind + blows.<br> + RE CED' ING, retiring; passing away.<br> + BRILL' IAN CY, brightness; luster.<br> + TILL' ER, bar used to turn the rudder.<br> + TORT' URE, anguish of spirit.<br> + DE SERT' ED, relinquished; abandoned.<br> + RA PID' I TY, speed; swiftness.<br> + EN VEL' OP ED, inclosed; covered.<br> + GEN' ER A TED, produced.<br> + LETH' AR GY, drowsiness; dullness.<br> + RES' CUE, deliverance.<br> + IN EV' I TA BLY, surely; certainly.<br> + ES PY' ING, seeing; discovering.<br> + CON' TACT, (CON, <i>together</i>; TAC, <i>touch</i>,) a + touching together; close union. + </div> + <h4> + THE RESCUE. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + BY A SEA CAPTAIN. + </p> + <p> + 1. On a bright moonlight night, in the month of February, + 1831, when it was intensely cold, the little brig which I + commanded, lay quietly at her anchors, inside of Sandy Hook. + We had had a hard time, beating about for eleven days off + this coast, with cutting north-easters blowing, and snow and + sleet falling for the most part of that time. + </p> + <p> + 2. Forward, the vessel was thickly coated with ice, and it + was hard work to handle her; as the rigging and sails were + stiff, and yielded only when the strength of the men was + exerted to the utmost. When we, at length, made the port, all + hands were worn down and exhausted. + </p> + <p> + 3. "A bitter cold night, Mr. Larkin," I said to my mate, as I + tarried for a short time upon deck. The worthy down-easter + buttoned his coat more tightly around him, and, looking up to + the moon, replied, "It's a whistler, captain; and nothing can + live comfortably out of blankets to-night." + </p> + <p> + 4. "The tide is running out swift and strong, and it will be + well to keep a sharp look-out for this floating ice, Mr. + Larkin," said I, as I turned to go below. "Ay, ay, sir," + responded the faithful mate. + </p> + <p> + 5. About two hours afterward, I was aroused from a sound + sleep by the vigilant officer. "Excuse me for disturbing you, + captain," said he, as he detected an expression of vexation + in my face, "but I wish you would turn out, and come on deck + as soon as possible." + </p> + <p> + 6. "What's the matter, Mr. Larkin," said I. "Why, sir, I have + been watching a large cake of ice, which swept by at a + distance, a moment ago; and I saw something black upon it, + something that I thought moved. The moon is under a cloud, + and I could not see distinctly; but I believe there is a + child floating out to the sea, this freezing night, on that + cake of ice." + </p> + <p> + 7. We were on deck before either spoke another word. The mate + pointed out, with no little difficulty, the cake of ice + floating off to the leeward, with its white, glittering + surface broken by a black spot. "Get the glass, Mr. Larkin," + said I; "the moon will be out of that cloud in a moment, and + then we can see distinctly." + </p> + <p> + 8. I kept my eye upon the receding mass of ice, while the + moon was slowly working her way through a heavy bank of + clouds. The mate stood by me with the glass; and when the + full light fell upon the water with a brilliancy only known + in our northern latitudes, I put the glass to my eye. One + glance was enough. + </p> + <p> + 9. (<i>''</i>)"<i>Forward, there!</i>" I hailed at the top of + my voice; and, with one bound, I reached the main hatch, and + began to clear away the little cutter, which was stowed in + the ship's yawl. Mr. Larkin had taken the glass to look for + himself, "<i>There are two children on that cake of ice!</i>" + he exclaimed, as he hastened to assist me in getting out the + boat. + </p> + <p> + 10. The men answered my hail, and walked quickly aft. In a + short space of time, we launched the cutter, into which Mr. + Larkin and myself jumped, followed by the two men, who took + the oars. I rigged the tiller, and the mate sat beside me in + the stern sheets. + </p> + <p> + 11. "Do you see that cake of ice with something black upon + it, my lads? Put me alongside of that, and I'll give you a + month's extra wages when you are paid off," said I to the + men. + </p> + <p> + 12. They bent to their oars, but their strokes were uneven + and feeble; for they were worn out by the hard duty of the + preceding fortnight; and, though they did their best, the + boat made little more headway than the tide. It was a losing + chase, and Mr. Larkin, who was suffering torture as he saw + how little we gained, cried out, "<i>Pull, lads! I'll double + the captain's prize: two months' extra pay: pull, lads! pull + for life!</i>" + </p> + <p> + 13. A convulsive effort at the oars told how willing the men + were to obey; but the strength of the strong man was gone. + One of the poor fellows washed us twice in recovering his + oar, and then gave out; and the other was nearly as far gone. + Mr. Larkin sprang forward and seized the deserted oar. "Lie + down in the bottom of the boat," said he to the man; "and, + captain, take the other oar; we must row for ourselves." + </p> + <p> + 14. I took the second man's place. Larkin had stripped off + his coat, and, as he pulled the bow, I waited for the signal + stroke. It came gently, but firm; and the next moment we were + pulling a long, steady stroke; gradually increasing in + rapidity, until the wood seemed to smoke in the row-locks. We + kept time, each by the long, deep breathing of the other. + </p> + <p> + 15. Such a pull! We bent forward until our faces almost + touched our knees; and then throwing all our strength into + the backward movement, drew on the oar until every inch + covered by the sweep was gained. Thus we worked at the oars + for fifteen minutes; and it seemed to me as many hours. The + sweat rolled off in great drops, and I was enveloped in a + steam generated from my own body. + </p> + <p> + 16. "Are we almost up to it, Mr. Larkin?" I gasped out. + "Almost, captain," said he: "and <i>don't give up!</i> for + the love of our dear little ones at home: <i>don't give + up</i>, captain!" The oars flashed as their blades turned up + to the moonlight, for the men who plied them were fathers, + and had fathers' hearts. + </p> + <p> + 17. Suddenly Mr. Larkin ceased pulling; and my heart, for a + moment, almost stopped its beating; for the terrible thought + that he had given out, crossed my mind. But I was re-assured + by his voice, (<i>p</i>) "Gently, captain, gently: a stroke + or two more: there, that will do;" and the next moment Mr. + Larkin sprang upon the ice. I started up, and, calling to the + men to make fast the boat to the ice, followed him. + </p> + <p> + 18. We ran to the dark spot in the center of the mass, and + found two little boys. The head of the smaller was resting in + the bosom of the larger; and both were fast asleep. The + lethargy, which would have been fatal but for the timely + rescue, had overcome them. + </p> + <p> + 19. Mr. Larkin grasped one of the lads, cut off his shoes, + tore off his jacket, and then, loosening his own garments to + the skin, placed the cold child in contact with his own warm + body, carefully wrapping his overcoat around him. I did the + same with the other child, and we then returned to the boat. + </p> + <p> + 20. The children, as we learned when we had the delight of + restoring them to their parents, were playing on the cake of + ice, which had jammed into a bend of the river, about ten + miles above New York. A movement of the tide set the ice in + motion, and the little fellows were borne away, that cold + night, and would have inevitably perished, but for Mr. + Larkin's espying them as they were sweeping out to sea. + </p> + <p> + 21. "How do you feel, Mr. Larkin?" I said to the mate, the + morning after this adventure. "A little stiff in the arms, + captain," the noble fellow replied, while the big tears of + grateful happiness gathered in his eyes,—"a little + stiff in the arms, captain, but very easy here," laying his + hand on the rough chest in which beat a true and manly heart. + My quaint down-easter, He who lashes the seas into fury, and + lets loose the tempest, will care for thee! The storms may + rage without, but in <i>thy</i> bosom peace and sunshine + abide always. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. Describe the condition of the vessel as + she lay at anchor inside Sandy Hook. 2. What did the captain + say to Mr. Larkin, as he retired to rest? 3. Why did Mr. + Larkin wake up the captain? 4. What did they discover on a + cake of ice, floating out to sea? 5. Who went to their + rescue? 6. What did the captain say to the rowers of the + boat? 7. What did Mr. Larkin say to them? 8. Did they finally + succeed in rescuing the children? 9. How came the two boys to + be on that cake of ice? 10. What did Mr. Larkin say, when the + captain asked him how he felt? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson33"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXXIII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + A DORN' ED, decorated; embellished.<br> + SPOILS, booty; prey.<br> + ANT' LERS, branching horns.<br> + SUS PEND' ED, hung; atatched.<br> + DIS TRACT' ED, disturbed; disordered.<br> + FU' GI TIVE, runaway; wanderer.<br> + BE SET', hemmed in; surrounded.<br> + TRAI' TORS, betrayers.<br> + HEATH, place overgrown with shrubs.<br> + LIEGE, lord; sovereign.<br> + LOY' AL, true; faithful.<br> + FE' AL TY, loyalty; fidelity.<br> + MA' TRON, married woman.<br> + REC OG NIZ' ED, knew; recollected.<br> + IN VAD' ERS, persons invading. + </div> + <h4> + ROBERT BRUCE AND THE SCOTCH WOMAN. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + ANON. + </p> + <p> + 1. Many years ago, an old Scotch woman sat alone, spinning by + the kitchen fire, in her little cottage. The room was adorned + with the spoils of the chase, and many implements of war and + hunting. There were spears, bows and arrows, swords, and + shields; and, against the side of the room, hung a pair of + huge antlers, once reared on the lordly brow of a "stag of + ten," [Footnote: That is, a stag ten years old. The age of + the animal is known by the number of prongs or tines, each + year one new prong being added.] on which were suspended + skins, plaids, bonnets, and one or two ponderous battle-axes. + </p> + <p> + 2. The table, in the middle of the floor, was spread for + supper, and some oatmeal cakes were baking before the fire. + But the dame was not thinking of any of <i>these things</i>, + nor of her two manly sons, who, in an adjoining room, were + busily preparing for the next day's sport. + </p> + <p> + 3. She was thinking of the distracted state of her native + land, and of the good king, Robert Bruce, a fugitive in his + own kingdom, beset, on every hand, by open enemies and secret + traitors. "Alas!" thought she, "to-night I dwell here in + peace, while to-morrow may see me driven out into the heath; + and even now our king is a wanderer, with no shelter for his + weary limbs." + </p> + <p> + 4. A loud knock at the door broke in upon her musings. She + rose, trembling with fear, to unbar the entrance, and beheld + a man closely muffled in a cloak. "My good woman," said he, + "will you grant a poor traveler the shelter of your roof + to-night'?" + </p> + <p> + 5. "Right willingly will I," said she; "for the love of + <i>one</i>, for whose sake all travelers are welcome here." + 6. "For whose sake is it that you make all wanderers + welcome?" asked the stranger. + </p> + <p> + 7. "For the sake of our good king, Robert Bruce, who, though + he is now hunted like a wild beast, with horn and hound, I + trust yet to see on the throne of Scotland!" + </p> + <p> + 8. "Nay, then, my good woman," replied the man, "since you + love him so well, know that you see him now <i>I</i> am + Robert Bruce." + </p> + <p> + 9. "<i>You'!</i>—are <i>you</i> our king'?" she + inquired, sinking on her knees, and reverently kissing his + hand; "where, then, are your followers, and why are you thus + alone?" + </p> + <p> + 10. "I have no followers now," replied Bruce, "and am, + therefore, compelled to travel alone." + </p> + <p> + 11. "Nay, my liege," exclaimed the loyal dame, "that you + shall do no longer; for here are my two sons, whom I give to + you, and may they long live to serve and defend your + majesty!" + </p> + <p> + 12. The Scottish youths bent their knees, and took the oath + of fealty; and then, sitting beside the fire, the king + entered into conversation with his new retainers, while their + mother was busied in preparing the evening meal. + </p> + <p> + 13. Suddenly, they were startled by the tramp of horses' + hoofs, and the voices of men. "'<i>Tis the English!</i>" + shouted the matron, "<i>fight to the last, my sons, and + defend your king!</i>" But, at this moment, the king + recognized the voices of Lord James, of Douglas, and of + Edward Bruce, and bade them have no fear. + </p> + <p> + 14. Bruce was overjoyed at meeting with his brother, and his + faithful friend Douglas, who had with them a band of one + hundred and fifty men. He bade farewell to the brave and + loyal woman, and, taking with him her two sons, left the + place. + </p> + <p> + 15. The two young Scots served Bruce well and faithfully, and + were high officers in his service when, at the head of a + conquering army, he drove the English invaders from the soil + of Scotland, and rendered her again a <i>free and independent + kingdom</i>. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. Describe the room in which the Scotch + woman resided. 2, What is meant by a "<i>stag of ten?</i>" 3. + Who did the stranger prove to be? 4. Who joined Bruce? 5. + What did Bruce and his men then do? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson34"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXXIV. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + PROS PER' ITY, success; good fortune.<br> + DIG' NI FIES, elevates; ennobles.<br> + SUS TAIN' ED, endured; suffered.<br> + AD VERS' I TY, calamity; misfortune.<br> + UN ERR' ING, sure; certain.<br> + FOR LORN', forsaken; wretched.<br> + CAN' O PY, covering overhead.<br> + EI DER DOWN, fine, soft feathers from the eider-duck.<br> + DE VOID', destitute.<br> + IM MERS' ED, inwrapped; sunk.<br> + GOS' SA MER Y, like gossamer; filmy.<br> + RE COIL' ED, started back.<br> + FOIL' ED, frustrated; defeated.<br> + RO MANCE', fiction.<br> + TRIV' I AL, small; trifling.<br> + CON FIDE', trust; believe.<br> + AD' VERSE, contrary; opposite.<br> + PALM, token of victory. + </div> + <h4> + ROBERT BRUCE AND THE SPIDER. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + BERNARD BARTON. + </p> + <pre> + 1. Not in <i>prosperity's broad light</i>, + Can reason justly scan + The <i>sterling worth which</i>, viewed aright, +<i>Most dignifies the man</i>. + Favored at once by wind and tide, + The skillful pilot well may guide + The bark in safety on; + Yet, when his harbor he has gained, + He who no conflict hath sustained, + No meed has fairly won. + 2. But in <i>adversity's dark hour</i> +<i>Of peril and of fear,</i> + When clouds above the vessel lower, + With scarce one star to cheer; + When winds are loud, and waves are high, + And ocean, to a timid eye, + Appears the seaman's grave; + Amid the conflict, calm, unmoved, + By truth's unerring test is proved +<i>The skillful and the brave.</i> + 3. For Scotland and her freedom's right + The Bruce his part had played; +<i>In five successive fields of fight</i> +<i>Been conquered and dismayed.</i> +<i>Once more, against the English host</i> +<i>His band he led, and once more lost</i> +<i>The meed for which he fought;</i> + And now, from battle faint and worn, + The homeless fugitive forlorn + A hut's lone shelter sought. + 4. And cheerless was that resting-place + For him who claimed a throne; + His canopy, devoid of grace,— + The rude, rough beams alone; + The heather couch his only bed, + Yet well I know had slumber fled + From couch of eider down; + Through darksome night to dawn of day, + Immersed in wakeful thought he lay, + Of Scotland and her crown. + 5. The sun rose brightly, and its gleam + Fell on that hapless bed, + And tinged with light each shapeless beam + Which roofed the lowly shed; + When, looking up with wistful eye, + The Bruce beheld a spider try + His filmy thread to fling + From beam to beam of that rude cot; + And well the insect's toilsome lot + Taught Scotland's future king. + 6. Six times his gossamery thread + The wary spider threw: + In vain the filmy line was sped; + For, powerless or untrue, + Each aim appeared and back recoiled + The patient insect, <i>six times foiled</i>, + And yet unconquered still; + And soon the Bruce, with eager eye, + Saw him prepare once more to try + His courage, strength, and skill. + 7. <i>One effort more, the seventh and last</i>,— + The hero hailed the sign! + And on the wished-for beam hung fast + The slender, silken line. + Slight as it was, his spirit caught + The more than omen; for his thought + The lesson well could trace, + Which even "he who runs may read," + That <i>perseverance gains its meed</i>, + And <i>patience wins the race</i>. + 8. Is it a tale of mere romance'? + Its moral is the same,— + A light and trivial circumstance'? + Some thought, it still may claim. + Art thou a father'? teach thy son + Never to deem that <i>all is done</i>, + While <i>aught remains untried</i>; + To hope, though every hope seems crossed, + And when his bark is tempest-tossed + Still calmly to confide. + 9. Hast thou been long and often foiled + (<) By adverse wind and seas'? + And vainly struggled, vainly toiled, + For what some win with ease'? + Yet bear up heart, and hope, and will, + Nobly resolved to struggle still, + With patience persevere; + Knowing, when darkest seems the night, + The dawn of morning's glorious light + Is swiftly drawing near. +10. Art thou a Christian? shall the frown + Of fortune cause dismay'? + The Bruce but won an <i>earthly crown</i>, + Which long hath passed away; + For thee a <i>heavenly crown</i> awaits; + For thee are oped the pearly gates,— + Prepared the deathless palm: + But bear in mind that <i>only those</i> +<i>Who persevere unto the close,</i> +<i>Can join in Victory's psalm</i>. +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. Will smooth seas and favoring gales make + a skillful mariner? 2. What will make skillful and brave men? + 3. In what respect is adversity better than prosperity? 4. + What story illustrates this fact? 5. How many times did the + spider try, before it succeeded? 6. In how many battles had + Bruce been defeated? 7. What important lesson is taught + youth? 8. What encouragement is given to the Christian? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson35"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXXV. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + PA' TRI OT' IC, having love of country.<br> + OB SER VA' TION, remark, expression.<br> + POP' U LAR, well received; prevailing.<br> + E QUAL' I TY, sameness of social position.<br> + AUD' I BLE, that may be heard.<br> + DE TER' MIN ED, fully resolved.<br> + HES' I TATE, scruple.<br> + BRA' VO, well done.<br> + BROILS, wrangles; quarrels.<br> + RENOWN' ED, famed; celebrated.<br> + O' DI OUS, hateful; offensive.<br> + COUNT' ESS, wife of a count or earl.<br> + FAG-END', the meaner part.<br> + NO BIL' I TY, noble rank.<br> + BUR LESQUE', (<i>burlesk',</i>) ridicule.<br> + HE RED' I TA RY, coming by descent.<br> + CON' STI TUTES, forms; composes.<br> + APH' O RISMS, precepts; maxims.<br> + TEM' PO RA RY, continuing for a time.<br> + BECK, sign with the hand; nod. + </div> + <p> + [Headnote 1: LA VA' TER, (John Gaspar,) a celebrated + physiognomist, that is, one skilled in the art of determining + character by the external features, born in Zurich, in 1741.] + </p> + <p> + That part of this dialogue uttered by Caroline, should be + read in a very earnest and spirited style,—that uttered + by Horace in a more grave, deliberate, and candid manner. + </p> + <h4> + WEALTH AND FASHION. + </h4> + <p> + <i>Caroline</i>. What a pity it is that we are born under a + Republican government! + </p> + <p> + <i>Horace</i>. Upon my word, Caroline, that is a patriotic + observation for an American. + </p> + <p> + <i>Caroline</i>. Oh, I know that it is not a <i>popular</i> + one! We must all join in the cry of liberty and equality, and + bless our stars that we have neither kings nor emperors to + rule over us, and that our very first audible squeak was + republicanism. If we don't join in the shout, and hang our + caps on liberty-poles, we are considered monsters. For my + part, I am <i>tired</i> of it, and am determined to <i>say + what I think</i>. I <i>hate</i> republicanism; I hate liberty + and equality; and I don't hesitate to <i>declare</i> that I + am for monarchy. You may laugh, but I would say it at the + stake. + </p> + <p> + <i>Horace</i>. Bravo, Caroline! You have almost run yourself + out of breath. You deserve to be prime minister to the king. + </p> + <p> + <i>Caroline</i>. You mistake; I have no wish to mingle in + political broils, not even if I could be as renowned as Pitt + or Fox; but I must say, I think our equality is + <i>odious</i>. What do you think! To-day, the new + chamber-maid put her head into the door, and said, "Caroline, + your marm wants you!" + </p> + <p> + <i>Horace</i>. <i>Excellent!</i> I suppose if ours were a + <i>monarchical</i> government, she would have bent to the + ground, or saluted your little foot, before she spoke. + </p> + <p> + <i>Caroline</i>. No, Horace; you <i>know</i> there are no + such forms in this country. + </p> + <p> + <i>Horace</i>. May I ask your highness what you <i>would</i> + like to be? + </p> + <p> + <i>Caroline</i>. I should like to be a countess. + </p> + <p> + <i>Horace</i>. Oh, you are moderate in your ambition! A + countess, now-a-days, is the fag-end of nobility. + </p> + <p> + <i>Caroline</i>. Oh! but it sounds so + delightfully,—<i>"The young Countess Caroline!"</i> + </p> + <p> + <i>Horace</i>. If <i>sound</i> is all, you shall have that + pleasure; we will call you <i>the young countess</i>. + </p> + <p> + <i>Caroline</i>. That would be mere burlesque, Horace, and + would make one ridiculous. + </p> + <p> + <i>Horace</i>. Nothing can be more inconsistent in us, than + aiming at titles. + </p> + <p> + <i>Caroline</i>. For <i>us</i>, I grant you; but, if they + were <i>hereditary,</i> if we had been born to them, if they + came to us through belted knights and high-born dames, + <i>then</i> we might be proud to wear them. I never shall + cease to regret that I was not born under a monarchy. + </p> + <p> + <i>Horace</i>. You seem to forget that all are not lords and + ladies in <i>royal</i> dominions. Suppose you should have + drawn your first breath among the <i>lower + classes</i>,—suppose it should have been your lot to + crouch and bend, or be trodden under foot by some titled + personage, whom in your heart you despised; what then? + </p> + <p> + <i>Caroline</i>. You may easily suppose that I did not mean + to take <i>those</i> chances. No; I meant to be born among + the <i>higher</i> ranks. + </p> + <p> + <i>Horace</i>. Your own reason must tell you, that <i>all</i> + can not be born among the <i>higher ranks</i>; for then the + <i>lower ones</i> would be wanting, which constitute the + comparison. Now, Caroline, is it not better to be born under + a government where there are no such ranks, and where <i>the + only nobility is talent and virtue'?</i> + </p> + <p> + <i>Caroline</i>. Talent and virtue! I think <i>wealth</i> + constitutes our nobility, and the right of abusing each + other, our liberty. + </p> + <p> + <i>Horace</i>. You are as fond of aphorisms as + Lavater[Headnote 1] was. + </p> + <p> + <i>Caroline</i>. Let me ask you if our rich men, who ride in + their own carriages, who have fine houses, and who count by + millions, are not our <i>great</i> men? + </p> + <p> + <i>Horace</i>. They have all the greatness that <i>money</i> + can buy; but this is very limited. + </p> + <p> + <i>Caroline</i>. Well, in <i>my</i> opinion, <i>money is + power</i>. + </p> + <p> + <i>Horace</i>. You mistake. Money may be <i>temporary + power</i>, but <i>talent</i> is <i>power itself</i>; and, + <i>when united with virtue, is godlike power</i>, before + which the mere man of millions quails. + </p> + <p> + <i>Caroline</i>. Well, Horace, I really wish you the + possession of <i>talent</i>, and <i>principle</i>, and + <i>wealth</i> into the bargain. The latter, you think, will + follow the two former, simply at your beck;—you smile; + but <i>I</i> feel as determined in <i>my</i> way of thinking, + as <i>you</i> do in <i>yours</i>. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What is the subject of this dialogue? 2. + What did Caroline regret? 3. What reply did Horace make? 4. + What did Caroline wish to be? 5. What did Horace say + constituted true nobility? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson36"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXXVI. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + RE SERV'ING, keeping; retaining.<br> + AC CU' MU LA TED, collected.<br> + IN DIG NA' TION, angry feeling.<br> + RE SOURC' ES, means; funds.<br> + DIS SER TA' TION, discourse; essay.<br> + EX PAN' SION, enlargement.<br> + DE POS' IT ED, put; laid.<br> + EX ER' TION (<i>egs er shun</i>,) effort.<br> + JU DI' CIOUS, wise, prudent.<br> + VO CA' TION, business; employment.<br> + EU PHON' IC, agreeable; well-sounding.<br> + CO TEM' PO RA RIES, those living at the same time.<br> + DI GRES' SION, departure from the subject.<br> + PRE DIC' TIONS, prophecies.<br> + IM PELL' ED, driven forward.<br> + <br> + AR IS TOC' RA CY, (ARISTO, <i>the best</i>; CRACY, + <i>government</i>,) government by the best, or nobles. See + SANDERS' ANALYSIS, page 200, Ex. 283. + </div> + <p> + [Headnote 1: SOC' RA TES, the most celebrated philosopher of + antiquity, was born at Athens, 470 years before Christ. The + purity of his doctrines, and his independence of character, + rendered him popular with the most enlightened Athenians, + though they created him many enemies. He was <i>falsely + accused</i>, arraigned, and condemned to drink + <i>hemlock</i>, the juice of a poisonous plant. When the hour + to take the poison had come, the executioner handed him the + cup, with tears in his eyes. Socrates received it with + composure, drank it with unaltered countenance, and, in a few + moments, expired.] + </p> + <p> + [Headnote 2: DE MOS' THE NES, a great Grecian orator, who, + rather than fall into the hands of his enemies, destroyed + himself by taking poison. It is said that, when a youth, he + frequently declaimed on the sea-shore, while the waves were + roaring around him, in order to secure a large compass of + voice, and to accustom himself to the tumult of a popular + assembly.] + </p> + <p> + [Headnote 3: KING DA' VID, the sweet singer and poet of + Israel. For the interesting account of his triumph over + Goliath, the great champion of the Philistines, see I Sam., + chap. 17.] + </p> + <h4> + MY FIRST JACK-KNIFE. + </h4> + <p> + 1. I remember it well! Its horn handle, so smooth and clear, + glowing with the unmeaning, but magic word, "<i>Bunkum;</i>" + and the blade significantly inviting you to the test, by the + two monosyllables, "<i>Try me</i>." + </p> + <p> + 2. I know not how it is, but I never could take half the + comfort in any thing which I have since possessed, that I + took in this <i>jack-knife</i>. I earned it myself; and, + therefore, I had a feeling of independence; it was bought + with my <i>own money</i>,—not teazed out of my uncle, + or still kinder father,—<i>money</i> that I had + silently earned on the afternoons of those days set apart for + boys to amuse themselves. + </p> + <p> + 3. Yes! with a spirit of persevering industry and + self-denial, at which I now wonder, I went, every afternoon, + during "berry-time," and picked the ripened fruit with + eagerness; for my heart was in the task. I sold my berries, + and, carefully reserving the proceeds, shortly accumulated + enough to purchase the treasure, for which I so eagerly + longed. + </p> + <p> + 4. I went to one of the village-stores, and requested the + clerk to show me his jack-knives; but he, seeing that I was + only a boy, and thinking that I merely meant to amuse myself + in looking at the nicest, and wishing it was mine, told me + not to plague him, as he was otherwise engaged. + </p> + <p> + 5. I turned with indignation; but I felt the inward comfort + of a man who has <i>confidence</i> in his own resources, and + knows he has the power in his own hands. I quietly jingled + the money in my pockets, and went to the opposite store. I + asked for jack-knives, and was shown a lot fresh from the + city, which were temptingly laid down before me, and left for + me to select one, while the trader went to another part of + his store to wait upon an older customer. I looked over them, + opened them, breathed upon the blades, and shut them again. + </p> + <p> + 6. One was too hard to open, another had no spring; finally, + after examining them with all the judgment which, in my + opinion, the extent of the investment required, I selected + one with a hole through the handle; and, after a dissertation + with the owner upon jack-knives in general, and <i>this + one</i> in particular,—upon hawk-bill, and + dagger-blades,—and handles, iron, bone, and + buck-horn,—I succeeded in closing a bargain. + </p> + <p> + 7. I took the instrument I had purchased, and felt a sudden + expansion of my boyish frame! It was my world! I deposited it + in my pocket among other valuables,—twine, marbles, + slate-pencils, &c. I went home to my father; I told him + how long I had toiled for it, and how eagerly I had spent + time, which others had allotted to play, to possess myself of + my treasure. + </p> + <p> + 8. My father gently chided me for not telling him of my + wants; but I observed his glistening eye turn affectionately + to my mother and then to me, and I thought that his manly + form seemed to straighten up and to look prouder than I had + ever before seen him. At any rate, he came to me, and, + patting my curly head, told me there was no object in life, + which was reasonably to be desired, that <i>honesty, + self-denial, well-directed industry</i>, and + <i>perseverance</i> would not place within my reach; and if, + through life, I carried the spirit of independent exertion + into practice, which I had displayed in the purchase of the + jack-knife, I should become a "<i>great man</i>." + </p> + <p> + 9. From that moment, I was a new being. I had discovered that + I could <i>rely upon myself</i>. I took my jack-knife, and + many a time, while cutting the walnut-saplings for my bow, or + the straight pine for my arrow, or carving my mimic ship, did + I muse upon these words of my father,—so deeply are the + kind expressions of a judicious parent engraven on the heart + and memory of boyhood. + </p> + <p> + 10. My knife was my constant companion. It was my carpenter, + my ship-builder, and my toy-manufacturer. It was out upon all + occasions, never amiss, and always "handy;" and, as I valued + it, I never let it part from me. I own my selfishness; I + would divide my apples among my playmates, my whole store of + marbles was at their service,—they might knock my bats, + kick my foot-ball as they chose; but I had no partnership of + enjoyments in my jack-knife. Its possession was connected in + my mind with something so <i>exclusive</i>, that I could not + permit another to take it for a moment. Oh! there is a wild + and delicious luxury in one's boyish anticipations and + youthful day-dreams! + </p> + <p> + 11. If, however, the <i>use</i> of my jack-knife afforded me + pleasure, the idea of its possession was no less a source of + enjoyment. I was, for the time being, a little prince among + my fellows,—a perfect monarch. Let no one exclaim + against aristocracy; were we all perfectly <i>equal + to-day</i>, there would be an <i>aristocracy to-morrow</i>. + Talent, judgment, skill, tact, industry, perseverance, will + place some on the top, while the contrary attributes will + place others at the bottom of fortune's ever-revolving wheel! + </p> + <p> + 12. The plowman is an aristocrat, if he excels in his + vocation: he is an aristocrat, if he turns a better or a + straighter furrow than his neighbor. The poorest poet is an + aristocrat, if he writes more feelingly, in a purer language, + or with more euphonic jingle than his cotemporaries. The + fisherman is an aristocrat, if he wields his harpoon with + more skill, and hurls it with a deadlier energy than his + messmates, or has even learned to fix his bait more + alluringly on his barbed hook. + </p> + <p> + 13. All <i>have</i> had, and <i>still</i> have their foibles; + all have some possession, upon which they pride themselves, + and I was proud of my jack-knife! Spirit of Socrates, + [Headnote 1] forgive me! was there no pride in dying like a + philosopher'? Spirit of Demosthenes, [Headnote 2] forgive me! + was there no pride in your addresses to the boundless and + roaring ocean'? Spirit of David! [Headnote 3] was there no + pride in the deadly hurling of the smooth pebble, which sank + deep into the forehead of your enemy'? + </p> + <p> + 14. But I must take my jack-knife and <i>cut short</i> this + digression. Let no man say <i>this</i> or <i>that</i> + occurrence "will make <i>no difference fifty years + hence</i>,"—a common, but dangerous phrase. I am + <i>now</i> a man of three-score years. I can point my finger + <i>here</i> to my ships, <i>there</i> to my warehouse. My + name is well known in two hemispheres. I have drank deeply of + intellectual pleasures, have served my country in many + important stations, have had my gains and my losses. + </p> + <p> + 15. I have seen many, who started with fairer prospects, but + with no compass, wrecked before me; but I have been impelled + in my operations, no matter how extensive, by the <i>same + spirit</i> which conceived and executed the purchase of the + jack-knife. And I have found my reward in it; and, perhaps, + in after years, there will be those who will say that the + predictions of my father were fulfilled in their case; and + that, from <i>small beginnings</i>, by "<i>honesty, + self-denial, well-directed industry</i>, and + <i>perseverance</i>," they also, BECAME TRULY "GREAT MEN." + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. How did this boy obtain his first + jack-knife? 2. What did his father say to him, when he told + how he had earned it? 3. What use did he make of his knife? + 4. What is said about <i>aristocracy</i>? 5. What is said of + this boy when he came to be three-score years old? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson37"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXXVII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + COIN' ED, stamped.<br> + BAR' TER, trade; exchange.<br> + COM MOD' I TIES, goods; wares.<br> + BULL'ION, uncoined silver or gold.<br> + BUC' CA NEERS, pirates; freebooters.<br> + IM MENSE', very great; enormous.<br> + DAIN' TIES, delicacies.<br> + SMALL-CLOTHES, breeches.<br> + AT TIR' ED, dressed; arrayed.<br> + PE' ONY, plant and beautiful flower.<br> + PER' SON A BLE, handsome; graceful.<br> + ES PE' CIAL LY, mainly; chiefly.<br> + RE CEP' TA CLE, that which receives or holds.<br> + PON' DER OUS, heavy; bulky.<br> + RE SUM' ING, taking again. + </div> + <h4> + THE PINE-TREE SHILLINGS. + </h4> + <p> + 1. Captain John Hull was the mint-master of Massachusetts, + and coined all the money that was made there. This was a new + line of business; for, in the earlier days of the colony, the + current coinage consisted of gold and silver money of + England, Portugal, and Spain. + </p> + <p> + 2. These coins being scarce, the people were often forced to + barter their commodities, instead of selling them. For + instance, if a man wanted to buy a coat, he, perhaps, + exchanged a bear-skin for it. If he wished for a barrel of + molasses, he might purchase it with a pile of pine-boards. + Musket-bullets were used instead of farthings. + </p> + <p> + 3. The Indians had a sort of money, called <i>wampum</i>, + which was made of clam-shells; and this strange sort of + specie was, likewise, taken in payment of debts, by the + English settlers. Bank-bills had never been heard of. There + was not money enough of any kind, in many parts of the + country, to pay the salaries of the ministers; so that they + sometimes had to take quintals of fish, bushels of corn, or + cords of wood, instead of silver or gold. + </p> + <p> + 4. As the people grew more numerous, and their trade one with + another increased, the want of current money was still more + sensibly felt. To supply the demand, the general court passed + a law for establishing a coinage of shillings, sixpences, and + threepences. Captain John Hull was appointed to manufacture + this money, and was to have <i>one shilling</i>, out of every + twenty, to pay him for the trouble of making them. + </p> + <p> + 5. Hereupon, all the old silver in the colony was handed over + to Captain John Hull. The battered silver cans, and tankards, + and silver-buckles, and broken spoons, and silver-buttons of + worn-out coats, and silver hilts of swords that had figured + at courts,—all such curious old articles were, + doubtless, thrown into the melting-pot together. But by far + the greater part of the silver consisted of bullion from the + mines of South America, which the English buccaneers, (who + were little better than pirates,) had taken from the + Spaniards, and brought to Massachusetts. + </p> + <p> + 6. All this old and new silver being melted down and coined, + the result was an immense amount of splendid shillings, + sixpences, and threepences. Each had the date, 1652, on the + one side, and the figure of a <i>pine-tree</i> on the other. + Hence, they were called <i>pine-tree shillings</i>. And, for + every <i>twenty shillings</i> that he coined, you will + remember, Captain John Hull was entitled to put <i>one + shilling</i> into his own pocket. + </p> + <p> + 7. The magistrates soon began to suspect that the mint-master + would have the best of the bargain. They offered him a large + sum of money, if he would but give up that <i>twentieth + shilling</i>, which he was continually dropping into his own + pocket. But Captain Hull declared himself perfectly satisfied + with the shilling. And well he might be; for, so diligently + did he labor, that, in a few years, his pockets, his + money-bags, and his strong box, were overflowing with + pine-tree shillings. This was probably the case when he came + into possession of Grandfather's chair; and, as he had worked + so hard at the mint, it was certainly proper that he should + have a comfortable chair to rest himself in. + </p> + <p> + 8. When the mint-master had grown very rich, a young man, + Samuel Sewell by name, fell in love with his only daughter. + His daughter, whom we will call Betsey, was a fine, hearty + damsel, by no means so slender as some young ladies of our + own days. As Samuel was a young man of good character, + industrious in his business, and a member of the church, the + mint-master very readily gave his consent. + </p> + <p> + 9. "Yes; you may take her," said he, in his rough way; "and + you'll find her a heavy burden enough!" On the wedding-day, + we may suppose that honest John Hull dressed himself in a + plum-colored coat, all the buttons of which were made of + pine-tree shillings. The buttons of his waistcoat were + sixpences; and the knees of his small-clothes were buttoned + with silver threepences. + </p> + <p> + 10. Thus attired, he sat with great dignity in Grandfather's + chair; and, being a portly old gentleman, he completely + filled it from elbow to elbow. On the opposite side of the + room, between her bridemaids, sat Miss Betsey, blushing like + a full-blown peony. + </p> + <p> + 11. There, too, was the bridegroom, dressed in a fine purple + coat, and gold-lace waistcoat, with as much other finery as + the Puritan laws and customs would allow him to put on. His + hair was cropped close to his head, because Governor Endicott + had forbidden any man to wear it below the ears. But he was a + very personable young man; and so thought the bridemaids and + Miss Betsey herself. + </p> + <p> + 12. The mint-master, also, was pleased with his new + son-in-law; especially as he had courted Miss Betsey out of + pure love, and had said nothing at all about her portion. So, + when the marriage ceremony was over, Captain Hull whispered a + word to two of his men-servants, who immediately went out, + and soon returned, lugging in a large pair of scales. They + were such a pair as wholesale merchants use for weighing + bulky commodities; and quite a bulky commodity was now to be + weighed in them. + </p> + <p> + 13. "Daughter Betsey," said the mint-master, "get into one + side of these scales." Miss Betsey, or Mrs. Sewell, as we + must now call her, did as she was bid, like a dutiful child, + without any question of the why and wherefore. But what her + father could mean, unless to make her husband pay for her by + the pound, (in which case she would have been a dear + bargain,) she had not the least idea. + </p> + <p> + 14. "And now," said honest John Hull to the servants, "bring + that box hither." The box, to which the mint-master pointed, + was a huge, square, iron-bound, oaken chest. The servants + tugged with might and main; but could not lift this enormous + receptacle, and were finally obliged to drag it across the + floor. + </p> + <p> + 15. Captain Hull then took a key from his girdle, unlocked + the chest, and lifted its ponderous lid. Behold! <i>it was + full to the brim of bright pine-tree shillings</i>, fresh + from the mint; and Samuel Sewell began to think that his + father-in-law had got possession of all the money in the + Massachusetts' treasury. But it was only the mint-master's + honest share of the coinage. + </p> + <p> + 16. Then the servants, at Captain Hull's command, heaped + double handfuls of shillings into one side of the scales, + while Betsey remained in the other. Jingle, jingle, went the + shillings, as handful after handful was thrown in, till, + plump and ponderous as she was, they fairly weighed the young + lady from the floor. + </p> + <p> + 17. "There, son Samuel," said the honest mint-master, + resuming his seat in Grandfather's chair, "take these + shillings for my daughter's portion. Use her kindly, and + thank Heaven for her. <i>It is not every wife that's worth + her weight in silver!</i>" + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What was Captain John Hull's business? 2. + What portion of the money coined, was he to receive? 3. How + did he get silver to coin? 4. Describe the shillings he + coined. 5. How did he become wealthy? 6. Describe his dress + on his daughter's wedding-day. 7. What did he say to his + son-in-law, after weighing her with shillings? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson38"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXXVIII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + LODG' ES, dens; caves.<br> + MAR' VEL OUS, wonderful.<br> + TIP' PED, pointed.<br> + HERD, gather in herds.<br> + FA' MOUS, noted; remarkable.<br> + ROE' BUCK, small species of deer.<br> + STRAIGHT' WAY, immediately.<br> + E RECT', upright.<br> + FROL' IC, fun; play.<br> + FORD, place where water can be waded.<br> + FLECK' ED, spotted; striped.<br> + FLUT' TER ED, quivered.<br> + PAL' PI TA TED, beat; throbbed.<br> + WA' RY, watchful; cautious.<br> + FA' TAL, deadly; mortal.<br> + EX ULT' ED, (<i>x</i> like <i>gz</i>,) greatly rejoiced. + </div> + <h4> + HIAWATHA'S HUNTING. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + LONGFELLOW. + </p> + <p> + This lesson is taken from "The Song of Hiawatha," a poem, + founded upon traditions current among some tribes of North + American Indians, respecting an imaginary being of more than + mortal powers and gifts, named Hiawatha. The scene of the + poem is laid among the Ojibways, or Chippewas, a tribe of + Indians, occupants, from the period of our earliest history, + of the basin of Lake Superior. + </p> + <p> + 1.<br> + Then the little Hiawatha<br> + Learned of every bird its language,<br> + Learned their names and all their secrets,<br> + How they built their nests in summer,<br> + Where they hid themselves in winter,<br> + Talked with them where'er he met them,<br> + Called them "Hiawatha's chickens." + </p> + <p> + 2.<br> + Of all beasts he learned the language,<br> + Learned their names and all their secrets,<br> + How the beavers built their lodges,<br> + Where the squirrels hid their acorns,<br> + How the reindeer ran so swiftly,<br> + Why the rabbit was so timid,<br> + Talked with them whene'er he met them,<br> + Called them "Hiawatha's brothers." + </p> + <p> + 3.<br> + Then Ia'goo, the great boaster,<br> + He, the marvelous story-teller,<br> + He, the traveler and the talker,<br> + Made a bow for Hiawatha;<br> + From a branch of ash he made it,<br> + From an oak-bough made the arrows,<br> + Tipped with flint, and winged with feathers,<br> + And the cord he made of deer-skin. + </p> + <p> + 4.<br> + Then he said to Hiawatha,<br> + "Go, my son, into the forest,<br> + Where the red deer herd together,<br> + Kill for us a famous roebuck,<br> + Kill for us a deer with antlers."<br> + Forth into the forest straightway<br> + All alone walked Hiawatha<br> + Proudly with his bow and arrows. + </p> + <p> + 5.<br> + And the birds sang round him, o'er him<br> + "Do not shoot us, Hiawatha."<br> + Sang the robin, sang the bluebird,<br> + "Do not shoot us, Hiawatha."<br> + Up the oak-tree, close beside him,<br> + Sprang the squirrel, lightly leaping<br> + In and out among the branches;<br> + Coughed and chattered from the oak-tree,<br> + Laughed, and said between his laughing,<br> + "Do not shoot me, Hiawatha." + </p> + <p> + 6.<br> + And the rabbit from his pathway<br> + Leaped aside, and, at a distance,<br> + Sat erect upon his haunches,<br> + Half in fear, and half in frolic,<br> + Saying to the little hunter,<br> + "Do not shoot me, Hiawatha." + </p> + <p> + 7.<br> + But he heeded not nor heard them,<br> + For his thoughts were with the red deer;<br> + On their tracks his eyes were fastened,<br> + Leading downward to the river,<br> + To the ford across the river,<br> + And as one in slumber walked he. + </p> + <p> + 8.<br> + Hidden in the alder bushes,<br> + There he waited till the deer came,<br> + Till he saw too antlers lifted,<br> + Saw two eyes look from the thicket,<br> + Saw two nostrils point to windward,<br> + And the deer came down the pathway,<br> + Flecked with leafy light and shadow.<br> + And his heart within him fluttered,<br> + Trembled like the leaves above him,<br> + Like the birch leaf palpitated,<br> + As the deer came down the pathway. + </p> + <p> + 9.<br> + Then, upon one knee uprising,<br> + Hiawatha aimed an arrow;<br> + Scarce a twig moved with his motion,<br> + Scarce a leaf was stirred or rustled,<br> + But the wary roebuck started,<br> + Stamped with all his hoofs together,<br> + Listened with one foot uplifted,<br> + Leaped as if to meet the arrow;<br> + Ah, the singing, fatal arrow,<br> + Like a wasp it buzzed and stung him. + </p> + <p> + 10.<br> + Dead he lay there in the forest,<br> + By the ford across the river;<br> + Beat his timid heart no longer;<br> + But the heart of Hiawatha<br> + Throbbed, and shouted, and exulted,<br> + As he bore the red deer homeward. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson39"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXXIX. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + TRAIL, track; footprints.<br> + IN' DICATED, pointed out; shown.<br> + MURK' Y, dark; gloomy.<br> + FLAM' BEAU, (<i>flam' bo</i>,) lighted torch.<br> + RE FLECT' ING, throwing back.<br> + LU' RID LY, gloomily; dismally.<br> + SUS PECT' ING, mistrusting.<br> + AS SAIL' ANTS, assaulters.<br> + ECH' O, (<i>ek' o</i>,) sound reverberated.<br> + RE LAPS' ED, fell back; returned.<br> + EN VEL' OPED, inwrapped.<br> + SUF FO CATED, smothered.<br> + BRAND' ISHING, flourishing; waving.<br> + RIG' ID, stiff.<br> + BIV' OUAC, (<i>biv' wak</i>,) pass the night without + tents.<br> + PEER' ED, came in sight; appeared.<br> + DE CLIV' I TY, gradual descent.<br> + PRO LONG' ED, lengthened; continued.<br> + COM' RADE, companion; associate. + </div> + <h4> + A DESPERATE ENCOUNTER WITH A PANTHER. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + BOY'S BOOK OF ADVENTURES. + </p> + <p> + 1. I had left the hunting party more than an hour, when I + came upon the track of my old friend Konwell, who was, with + his dogs, on the bloody trail of a panther. The animal must + have had one of his legs broken; this was indicated by the + marks on the soft ground; and it was plain that the tracks + were made by three feet instead of four, and accompanied by + blood at every leap. + </p> + <p> + 2. I determined to follow; and, after a tramp of nearly an + hour, I overtook my friend at the entrance of a cavern, where + he stood waiting for me. The wounded animal had taken refuge + in this cave, leaving us to do whatever we thought best. The + poor beast doubtless supposed that within this murky recess + he was safe from pursuit; but he was mistaken. Konwell + informed me that he had hidden a bundle of pine splinters in + a gulley, about half a mile distant, and that if I would keep + guard over the mouth of the cave, he would go and bring it. + </p> + <p> + 3. I agreed to this measure; and, with ready gun and drawn + knife, prepared for any attack that might be made. I lay down + at the entrance of the panther's cave. My friend soon + returned, bringing the pine, as he had promised. His next + movement was to kindle a large fire at the mouth of the cave, + at which we lighted our torches; and, having taken the + flambeaus in our left hand, while we carried our guns in the + right, we cautiously entered the cave. I crept on before; but + the space within soon became so high and roomy, that we could + stand upright, and keep close to each other. + </p> + <p> + 4. Bending toward the left, the cavity extended a + considerable distance within the hill. After we had advanced + about two hundred steps, we saw the glaring eyes of the + wounded beast, which gleamed forth like two fiery balls, + reflecting most luridly the light of our torches. Konwell now + took my flambeau and stepped behind me. I leveled my gun in + the direction of those flaming eyes, and fired. After the + report, we heard a bustle; but could not exactly make out + what it meant. + </p> + <p> + 5. I reloaded my gun, resumed my torch, and Konwell now took + his place in front. But, as those flaming eyes were no longer + to be seen, we felt obliged to go farther. Our guns ready + loaded, we believed ourselves to be prepared for anything. We + proceeded carefully, as men are likely to do when suspecting + danger, when, instantly, the panther started up from a + hollow, in which he was lying, quite close to our feet. + </p> + <p> + 6. It was a fearful sight to look upon him as he stood with + ears laid back, his white teeth set together, as if in + intense anger, and those wide open eyes glowing and sparkling + as they rested upon us, his assailants. I can never forget + his appearance. In a moment our guns were discharged, and the + cave returned the thundering echo. We had both fired so + precisely at the same moment, that neither of us could + believe the other had discharged his gun. + </p> + <p> + 7. We were certain that our enemy had been struck, but we + knew not whether killed or only disabled. Quick as thought, + we dropped our guns and drew our knives from the sheath. And + haste was necessary; for the echo had not relapsed into + silence, before we felt the weight of the panther against us; + and we began cutting at him with our knives, and, at the same + moment, in consequence of our hurried movements, our torches + died out, and we were left in utter darkness. + </p> + <p> + 8. Deafened by the noise and utterly bewildered, I turned to + fly from the now raging enemy, and only became perfectly + aware of what I was doing, when I found myself standing + beside Konwell outside the cave in the open air. I only know + now, that, enveloped in thick darkness, and almost suffocated + with the smoke of gunpowder, I groped about, not knowing what + I wished or intended; and that Konwell, at last, drew me + forcibly to the mouth of the cave. + </p> + <p> + 9. There we stood, each one brandishing his hunting-knife in + his right hand, and holding the extinguished torch in the + left; as we looked on each other, we scarcely knew whether to + laugh or to be frightened at the strange figures we made. We + were black with powder-smoke, covered with sweat and blood, + and our clothing torn to rags. + </p> + <p> + 10. Konwell complained of a pain in his breast. I opened the + bosom of his shirt, and found two deep gashes made by the + panther's claws, extending from the left shoulder to the pit + of the stomach. I also received a few scratches, but our + stout hunting-shirts were torn to shreds. + </p> + <p> + 11. Until this moment, neither of us had felt that he was + wounded; and even now, before we began to think of dressing + those wounds, we made a large fire at the mouth of the + cavern, in order to prevent the panther from coming forth. + This done, we sat down beside the genial blaze to wash and + bind up our scratches, and consult on what plan it was now + best to proceed. + </p> + <p> + 12. That the panther was still in the cave we were certain; + but, whether living or dead, we did not know; at all events, + he was wounded; for our hunting-knives were covered with + blood quite up to the hilt. But we had no choice left; we + must return; for our guns and Konwell's powder-flask, which + the animal dragged off with him, still lay within the cavern. + We therefore plucked up new courage; and, having relighted + our torches, we brandished our knives, and prepared, though + not without some heart throbbings, once more to enter the + panther's den. + </p> + <p> + 13. With light and cautious steps, lest we might be as + unpleasantly surprised as we had been when we made our hasty + retreat, we advanced, holding our torches before us, to the + spot where we had dropped our guns, and without meeting with + any hinderance from our enemy. Once more in possession of our + trusty weapons, we reloaded them, and stepped forward with + lighter hearts, yet still with great caution, when Konwell + exclaimed, as he raised the flaming pine high above his head, + and pointed with it in a certain direction, "<i>See! there he + is!</i>" + </p> + <p> + 14. This was the first word that had been spoken since we + reëntered the cavern. I looked in the indicated + direction, and there, indeed, lay the panther, stretched out + at full length, but no longer dangerous. His eyes were set, + his limbs were rigid,—the last agony was over. We + skinned and cut him up as he lay. All three bullets had + struck him, and both knives penetrated his body; and it must + have been in the death-struggle that he leaped upon us. + </p> + <p> + 15. When our work was ended, and we again came to the open + air, the sun was low in the horizon, and all haste was + necessary that we should set out on our forest-path without + further delay. Our wounds smarted not a little, and, although + we took time once more to wash them, they became so stiff + that our progress was both toilsome and tedious. We soon + became convinced that we should not succeed in reaching our + companions while daylight remained, and we determined to + bivouac for the night, at the foot of a rocky declivity, + which promised a good shelter from the cutting wind. + </p> + <p> + 16. To add to our discomfort, hunger began to make itself + painfully felt; but this was soon overpowered by weariness, + and, having gathered up the dry pine branches, we kindled up + a good fire, and, without troubling ourselves to prepare any + thing for supper, we stretched ourselves on the grass before + it, and found the warmth most grateful. + </p> + <p> + 17. Worn out by the toils of the day, in a few minutes + Konwell was fast asleep; but, although much inclined to + follow his example, I was prevented by the restlessness of my + dog, which seemed to wish to warn me of the presence of + danger. The faithful animal, cringing closely to me, laid his + nose on my shoulder, raising his head from time to time, and + whined, as though he wished to communicate something, and + then, for a few moments, would remain quiet. Then, suddenly, + he would rise up as in the attitude of listening, + occasionally uttering a low growl. + </p> + <p> + 18. Completely awakened by this strange behavior on the part + of my faithful dog, it seemed to me as if I heard a slight + rustling among the dry bushes; and, rising up to a + half-sitting posture, I looked toward the rock behind me, + and, to my great astonishment, became aware of a pair of + glaring eyes fastened upon me. As my head was between the + fire and those fearful eyes, I could plainly distinguish the + fiery balls as, reflected on by the red light, they peered + above the naked rocks. + </p> + <p> + 19. It was a panther, and evidently, from the position in + which I saw it, was ready for a spring. Happily on this, as + on every other night, my trusty gun lay close beside me. I + seized it, and, half-rising, so that the fire behind me + afforded light for a steady aim, I leveled it exactly between + the eyes. I fired, the bullet sped on its deadly errand, and + the crack of the noble rifle, thundering against the steep + rocks, returned with loud and prolonged echo. + </p> + <p> + 20. Konwell, to whom the report of a gun was ever the + sweetest music, now started up, as if roused by an electric + shock, and grasped his gun. The dog continued his barking, + smelling all around, and looking in my face as if to inquire + in what direction he should go. There was no rustling + movement on the rock, and the bullet must have taken effect. + </p> + <p> + 21. Konwell shook his head as he inquired, "Why I had shot?" + Without answering, I began to reload my gun: this finished, I + took up a blazing pine brand from the fire, and proceeded to + climb the steep wall of rock, that raised itself like a + barrier, about twenty steps distant from the spot upon which + we rested. Here I found an old panther, the largest I had + ever seen, lying dead—my well-directed bullet had + finished him. I flung the body over the rock, and my old + comrade dragged him to the fire. + </p> + <p> + 22. The ball had struck him directly in the right eye, + passing through the brain. He was a fearful-looking animal, + with terrible teeth and claws, and the more to be dreaded, + as, when we cut him up, his stomach was found entirely empty. + I believed that hunger had driven him so close to the fire; + but Konwell thought he had scented the fresh venison we had + with us. Be that as it may, there was little doubt but that + he would have made a leap, as soon as the intervening fire + had burned down; to its friendly presence, therefore, on this + occasion, as a means of Providence, we owed our lives. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What had Konwell driven into a den? 2. + What preparation did he make, before entering into the + cavern? 3. How far had the men proceeded before they saw the + panther? 4. Describe the appearance of the panther, as they + came near him after the first shot? 5. What did the panther + do after the men both fired at him? 6. Did they finally + succeed in killing the panther? 7. Describe the manner in + which they killed another panther. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson40"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XL. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + RAP' IDs, part of a river where the current is swift.<br> + TUR' BU LENCE, violent agitation.<br> + HELM, instrument for steering a vessel.<br> + EX CUR' SION, tour; ramble.<br> + A HOY', sea term used in hailing a vessel.<br> + QUAFF, drink largely.<br> + HOIST, raise; lift up.<br> + BLAS PHEM' ING, uttering impious language.<br> + SHRIEK' ING, screaming; crying out. + </div> + <h4> + THE POWER OF HABIT. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + JOHN B. GOUGH. + </p> + <p> + 1. I remember once riding from Buffalo to the Niagara Palls. + I said to a gentleman, "What river is that, sir?" "That," + said he, "is Niagara river." + </p> + <p> + 2. "Well, it is a beautiful stream," said I; "bright, and + fair, and glassy. How far off are the rapids?" "Only a mile + or two," was the reply. + </p> + <p> + 3. "Is it <i>possible</i> that only a mile from us, we shall + find the water in the turbulence which it must show near the + Falls'?" + </p> + <p> + "You will find it so, sir." And so I found it; and the first + sight of Niagara I shall never forget. + </p> + <p> + 4. Now, launch your bark on that Niagara river; it is bright, + smooth, beautiful, and glassy. There is a ripple at the bow; + the silver wake you leave behind, adds to your enjoyment. + Down the stream you glide, oars, sails, and helm in proper + trim, and you set out on your pleasure excursion. + </p> + <p> + 5. Suddenly, some one cries out from the bank, "<i>Young men, + ahoy!</i>" + </p> + <p> + "What is it?" + </p> + <p> + "<i>The rapids are below you!</i>" + </p> + <p> + 6. "Ha! ha! we have heard of the rapids; but we are not such + fools as to get there. If we go too fast, then we shall up + with the helm, and steer to the shore; we will set the mast + in the socket, hoist the sail, and speed to the land. Then + on, boys; don't be alarmed,—there is no danger." + </p> + <p> + 7. "Young men, ahoy there!" + </p> + <p> + "What is it?" + </p> + <p> + "<i>The rapids are below you!</i>" + </p> + <p> + 8. "Ha! ha! we will laugh and quaff; all things delight us. + What care we for the future! No man ever saw it. Sufficient + for the day is the evil thereof. We will enjoy life while we + may,—will catch pleasure as it flies. This is + enjoyment; time enough to steer out of danger when we are + sailing swiftly with the current." + </p> + <p> + 9 (<i>ff.</i>) "YOUNG MEN, AHOY!" + </p> + <p> + "What is it?" + </p> + <p> + "BEWARE! BEWARE! THE RAPIDS ARE BELOW YOU!" + </p> + <p> + 10. "Now you see the water foaming all around. See how fast + you pass that point! Up with the helm! Now turn! Pull hard! + (=) Quick! quick! quick! pull for your lives! pull till the + blood starts from your nostrils, and the veins stand like + whip-cords upon your brow! Set the mast in the socket! hoist + the sail! (<i>sl.</i>) Ah! ah! it is too late! Shrieking, + howling, blaspheming; over they go." + </p> + <p> + 11. Thousands go over the rapids of intemperance every year, + through <i>the power of habit</i>, crying all the while, + "<i>When I find out that it</i> [Footnote: Temperate + drinking.] <i>is injuring me, I will give it up!</i>" + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. Where are the Niagara Falls? 2. How does + the water appear just above the Falls? 3. How does it appear + farther up? 4. What reply are the young men represented as + making, when first told the rapids were below them? 5. What, + when told the second time? 6. What must they do, to escape + destruction? 7. What is said of <i>the power of habit?</i> + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson41"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XLI. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + BE SOT' TED, stupefied.<br> + BUR LESQU' ED, mocked; derided.<br> + DE FI' ED, set at defiance.<br> + CHER' ISH ED, fostered; encouraged.<br> + STREW' ED, scattered; spread.<br> + LIV' ID, discolored; black and blue.<br> + MIR' ROR ED, reflected, as in a glass.<br> + RE VEAL' INGS, disclosures.<br> + PLIGHT' ED, pledged.<br> + FOR SWORN', perjured.<br> + STAMP' ED, impressed; fixed deeply.<br> + BLIGHT, blasting disease.<br> + A TONE', make reparation.<br> + PRO CLAIM' ED, openly declared.<br> + LOATHE, detest; abhor.<br> + BEV' ER AGE, drink. + </div> + <p> + These verses should be read in a firm, half-indignant, yet + imploring tone of voice,—except the last verse, which + should be expressed in a very decided and impassioned manner. + </p> + <h4> + THE DRUNKARD'S DAUGHTER. + </h4> + <p> + [Footnote: These beautiful and touching verses were written + by a young lady, in reply to a friend who had called her a + monomaniac on the subject of temperance.] + </p> + <pre> +1. Go, feel what I have felt, + Go, bear what I have borne; + Sink 'neath a blow a father dealt, + And the cold, proud world's scorn; + Thus struggle on from year to year, + Thy sole relief,—the scalding tear. +2. Go, weep as I have wept, + O'er a loved father's fall, + See every cherished promise swept,— + Youth's sweetness turned to gall; + Hope's faded flowers strewed all the way + That led me up to woman's day. +3. Go, kneel as I have knelt; + Implore, beseech, and pray, + Strive the besotted heart to melt, + The downward course to stay; + Be cast with bitter curse aside,— + Thy prayers burlesqued, thy tears defied. +4. Go, stand where I have stood, + And see the strong man bow; + With gnashing teeth, lips bathed in blood, + And cold and livid brow; + Go, catch his wandering glance, and see + There mirrored, his soul's misery. +5. Go, hear what I have heard,— + The sobs of sad despair, + As memory's feeling fount hath stirred, + And its revealings there + Have told him what he might have been, + Had he the drunkard's fate foreseen. +6. Go to my mother's side, + And her crushed spirit cheer; + Thine own deep anguish hide, + Wipe from her cheek the tear; + Mark her dimmed eye,—her furrowed brow, + The gray that streaks her dark hair now; + Her toil-worn frame, her trembling limb, + And trace the ruin back to him + Whose plighted faith, in early youth, + Promised eternal love and truth; + But who, forsworn, hath yielded up + That promise to the deadly cup, + And led her down from love and light, + From all that made her pathway bright, + And chained her there 'mid want and strife, + That lowly thing,—<i>a drunkard's wife!</i> + And stamped on childhood's brow so mild, + That withering blight, <i>a drunkard's child!</i> +7. Go, hear, and see, and feel, and know, + All that <i>my soul</i> hath felt and known, + Then look upon the wine-cup's glow; + See if its brightness can atone; + Think if its flavor you will try, + If all proclaimed, "<i>'Tis drink and die!</i>" + +8. Tell me I <i>hate</i> the bowl; +<i>Hate</i> is a feeble word: +(<i>f.</i>) <i>I loathe</i>, ABHOR,—<i>my very soul</i> +<i>With strong disgust is stirred</i>, + Whene'er I see, or hear, or tell, + Of the DARK BEVERAGE OF HELL!! +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. By whom was this poetry written? 2. What + circumstance induced her to write it? 3. What is the meaning + of <i>monomaniac?</i> Ans. One who is deranged in a single + faculty of the mind, or with regard to a particular subject, + the other faculties being in regular exercise. 4. What + reasons does she assign for her hatred of alcoholic drink? 5. + What does she say of her mother? 6. With what tone of voice + should the last verse be read? See page 40, Rule 4. 7. Why + are some words and sentences printed in Italics and Capitals? + See page 22, Note III. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson42"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XLII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + REC' ORDS, accounts; minutes.<br> + AD VENT' URES, doings; strange occurences.<br> + EN CUM' BER, load; clog.<br> + GRAT I FI CA' TION, indulgence.<br> + SCHEME, plan; progress.<br> + DE LIB ER A' TION, thought; consideration.<br> + LUX U RI OUS, pleasure-loving.<br> + EX PE DI' TION, tour; enterprise.<br> + MO ROSE', sour; ill-humored.<br> + RE VOLT' ING, disgusting; abhorrent.<br> + CON TEM' PLATE, consider; think upon.<br> + REL' IC, remains.<br> + IN VES' TI GATE, examine; look into.<br> + AC COM' PLISH ED, effected.<br> + PIC TUR ESQUE', (<i>pikt yur esk'</i>)grand; beautiful; + picture-like. + </div> + <h4> + THE TWO YOUNG TRAVELERS. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + MERRY'S MUSEUM. + </p> + <p> + 1. Horace and Herman, two young men who were friends, set out + to travel in distant countries. Before they departed, each + had formed a <i>plan</i> of proceeding. Horace determined to + give himself up entirely to <i>pleasure,</i>—to go + wherever his humor might dictate,—and to keep no + records of his adventures. In short, he resolved to <i>enjoy + himself</i> as much as possible, and, by no means, to + encumber his mind with cares, duties, or troubles of any + kind. + </p> + <p> + 2. Herman was as fond of amusement as Horace; but the + <i>mode</i> he adopted for the gratification of his wishes, + was quite different. In the first place, he made out a scheme + of his travels: he procured maps, read books, and, after + mature deliberation, adopted a certain route, as most likely + to afford him pleasure as well as instruction. + </p> + <p> + 3. In the formation of this plan, he spent several weeks; + and, in this occupation, he found quite as much satisfaction + as he afterwards did in traveling. Thus he obtained one great + advantage over his idle and luxurious friend, who foolishly + thought that the essence of enjoyment lay in freedom from + thought, restraint, and toil. Even before they set out on + their journey, Herman had actually found nearly as + <i>much</i> pleasure as Horace received in the whole course + of his expedition. + </p> + <p> + 4. The two young men started together; and, as there were + then no canals or railroads, they both set out on foot. They + had not proceeded far before they separated,—Horace + taking one road and Herman another. + </p> + <p> + 5. After the lapse of three years, they both returned; but + what a difference between them! Horace was morose and + dissatisfied; he had seen a good deal of the world, but, as + he had traveled with no other design than to <i>gratify + himself</i> from hour to hour, he had soon exhausted the cup + of pleasure, and found nothing at the bottom but the bitter + dregs of discontent. + </p> + <p> + 6. He pursued pleasure, till, at last, he found the pursuit + to be distasteful and revolting. He grew tired even of + amusement. He indulged his tastes, humors, and passions, + until indulgence itself was disgusting. When he returned to + his friends, he had laid up nothing in his memory, by the + relation of which he could amuse them; he had kept no record + of things he had seen; he brought back no store of pleasing + and useful recollections for himself, or others. Such was the + result of three years' travel for pleasure. + </p> + <p> + 7. It was quite otherwise with Herman. Adhering to his plans, + he visited a great many places, and, each day, he recorded in + his journal what he had seen. Whenever he met with an + interesting object, he stopped to contemplate it. If it was + some aged relic, famous in history, he took pains to + investigate its story, and to write it down. If it was an + object of interest to the eye, he made a sketch of it in a + book which he kept for that purpose. + </p> + <p> + 8. In this way, Herman accomplished three good objects. In + the first place, by taking pleasure in a moderate way, and + mixing with it a little toil and industry, he prevented that + cloying surfeit which, at last, sickened and disgusted + Horace. + </p> + <p> + 9. In the second place, he greatly increased his enjoyments + by the plan he adopted. Merely executing a plan is agreeable, + and a source of great pleasure. It is natural to derive + happiness from following out a design,—from seeing, + hour by hour, day by day, how results come about, in + conformity to our intentions. + </p> + <p> + 10. But <i>this</i> was not the <i>only</i> advantage which + Herman received from his system. The very toil he bestowed; + the investigations he made; the pleasant thoughts and curious + knowledge that were unfolded to his mind; the excitement he + found in his exertions; the pleasure he took in drawing + picturesque scenes; <i>all</i> constituted a rich harvest of + pleasure, which was wholly denied to Horace. + </p> + <p> + 11. Thus it was that labor and industry, exerted in carrying + out a plan, afforded the young traveler a vast deal of + gratification. The very things that Horace looked upon as + hateful, were, in fact, the sources of his friend's most + permanent enjoyment. + </p> + <p> + 12. In the third place, Herman had come back laden with rich + stores of knowledge, observation, and experience. Not only + was his journal rich in tales, legends, scenes, incidents, + and historical records, but in putting these things down on + paper, his memory had been improved, and he had acquired the + habit of observing and remembering. His mind was full of + pleasant things, and nothing could be more interesting than + to hear him tell of his travels, and of what he had seen. + </p> + <p> + 13. While Horace was dull, silent, and sour, Herman was full + of conversation, life, and interest. The one was happy', the + other unhappy`; one was agreeable', the other disagreeable`; + one had exhausted the cup of pleasure', the other seemed + always to have the cup full and sparkling before him`. It was + agreed on all hands that Horace was a disagreeable person, + and everybody shunned him; while Herman was considered by all + a most agreeable companion, and everybody sought his society. + </p> + <p> + 14. So much for the two travelers; <i>one</i>, a luxurious + lover of pleasure, who thought only of the passing moment, + and, in his folly, abused and threw away his powers of + enjoyment; the <i>other</i>, a lover of pleasure also; but + who pursued it moderately, with a wise regard to the future, + and careful attention, every day, to the rules of duty; and + who thus secured his true happiness. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What plan had Horace determined to pursue + while traveling? 2. What was Herman's plan? 3. What is said + of Horace, after his return? 4. How was it with Herman? 5. + What is said of the two in contrast? 6. What effect has the + emphasis on the place of the accent in the words + <i>unhappy</i> and <i>disagreeable</i>, 13th paragraph? See + page 22, note V. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson43"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XLIII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + IM' PORT, meaning.<br> + GROV' EL ING, mean; creeping.<br> + A CHIEVE' MENT, performance.<br> + AS PI RA' TION, wish; ardent desire.<br> + SAN' GUINE, ardent; hopeful.<br> + RE' AL IZ ED, attained.<br> + IN SPI RA' TION, natural impulse.<br> + STATE' LI NESS, dignity: majesty.<br> + AD VENT' TUR OUS, daring; enterprising.<br> + EX UL TA' TION, (<i>x</i> like <i>gz</i>,) triumph.<br> + RI' VALS, competitors.<br> + DIG' NI TY, elevation; majesty.<br> + OR' A CLES, wise words or sentences.<br> + A' PEX, hight; summit.<br> + TEN' E MENT, dwelling; <i>here means</i>, the body.<br> + AD MON' ISH. warn.<br> + RAPT' UR OUS, joyous; ecstatic.<br> + AN TIC I PA' TION, foretaste. + </div> + <p> + PHI LOS' O PHY, (PHILO, <i>love</i>; SOPHY, <i>wisdom</i>,) + love of wisdom; reason of things. See SANDERS & + McELLIGOTT'S ANALYSIS, page 236, Ex. 334 + </p> + <h4> + HIGHER! + </h4> + <p> + 1. HIGHER! It is a word of noble import. It lifts the soul of + man from low and groveling pursuits, to the achievement of + great and noble deeds, and ever keeps the object of his + aspiration in view, till his most sanguine expectations are + fully realized. + </p> + <p> + 2. HIGHER! lisps the infant that clasps its parent's knee, + and makes its feeble effort to rise from the floor. It is the + first inspiration of childhood to burst the narrow confines + of the cradle, and to exercise those feeble, tottering limbs, + which are to walk forth in the stateliness of manhood. + </p> + <p> + 3. HIGHER! echoes the proud school-boy in his swing; or, as + he climbs the tallest tree of the forest, that he may look + down upon his less adventurous comrades with a flush of + exultation,—and abroad over the fields, the meadows, + and his native village. + </p> + <p> + 4. HIGHER! earnestly breathes the student of philosophy and + nature. He has a host of rivals; but he must excel them all. + The midnight oil burns dim; but he finds light and knowledge + in the lamps of heaven, and his soul is never weary, when the + last of them is hid by the splendors of the morning. + </p> + <p> + 5. And HIGHER! his voice thunders forth, when the dignity of + manhood has mantled his form, and the multitude is listening + with delight to his oracles, burning with eloquence, and + ringing like true steel in the cause of <i>Freedom</i> and + <i>Right</i>. And when time has changed his locks to + silver,—when the young and the old unite to do him + honor, he still breathes forth from his generous heart fond + wishes for their welfare. + </p> + <p> + 6. HIGHER YET! He has reached the apex of earthly honor; yet + his spirit burns as warm as in youth, though with a steadier + and purer light. And even now, while his frail tenement + begins to admonish him, that "the time of his departure is at + hand," he looks forward, with rapturous anticipation, to the + never-fading glory, attainable only in the presence of the + Most High. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What is said of the word <i>Higher</i>, + first paragraph? 2. When does the school-boy say Higher? 3. + What is said of the student? 4. What, when he arrives at + manhood? 5. What, when he becomes old? 6. Where is the + passage within the quotation to be found? Ans. 2 Timothy, 4th + chapter, 6th verse. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson44"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XLIV. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + IN TENS' ER, more fervent.<br> + STUB' BORN, unyielding; rugged.<br> + DEEM, think; imagine.<br> + OLD' EN, old; ancient.<br> + CLINGS, sticks; adheres closely.<br> + GAL' LANT, fine; noble.<br> + YAWN' ING, wide-opening.<br> + FU' RY, rage; madness.<br> + RAVE, rage; become furious.<br> + HEC' TIC, habitual; continuous.<br> + MEN' TAL, intellectual.<br> + WIELD, sway; exert.<br> + PRIV' I LEGE, right; opportunity.<br> + DOW' ER, gift; portion. + </div> + <h4> + LABOR. + </h4> + <p> + [Footnote: These lines were suggested by the simple incident + of an industrious wood-sawyer's reply to a man who told him + that <i>his was a hard work</i>. "Yes, it is hard, to be + sure; but <i>it is harder to do nothing</i>," was his + answer.] + </p> + <p class="rauth"> + CAROLINE F. ORNE. + </p> + <p> + 1. Ho, ye who at the anvil toil, And strike the sounding + blow, Where, from the burning iron's breast, The sparks fly + to and fro, While answering to the hammer's ring, And fire's + intenser glow!—Oh, while ye feel 'tis hard to toil And + sweat the long day through, Remember, it is harder still + <i>To have no work to do!</i> + </p> + <p> + 2. Ho, ye who till the stubborn soil, Whose hard hands guide + the plow, Who bend beneath the summer sun, With burning cheek + and brow!—Ye deem the curse still clings to earth From + olden time till now; But, while ye feel 'tis hard to toil And + labor all day through, Remember, it is harder still <i>To + have no work to do</i>! + </p> + <p> + 3. Ho, ye who plow the sea's blue field, Who ride the + restless wave, Beneath whose gallant vessel's keel There lies + a yawning grave, Around whose bark the wint'ry winds Like + fiends of fury rave!—Oh, while ye feel 'tis hard to + toil And labor long hours through, Remember, it is harder + still <i>To have no work to do!</i> 4 Ho, ye upon whose + fevered cheeks The hectic glow is bright, Whose mental toil + wears out the day, And half the weary night, Who labor for + the souls of men, Champions of truth and + right!—Although ye feel your toil is hard, Even with + this glorious view, Remember, it is harder still <i>To have + no work to do!</i> 5. Ho, all who labor,—all who strive + Ye wield a lofty power; Do with your might, do with your + strength, Fill every golden hour! The glorious privilege + <i>to do</i> Is man's most noble dower. Oh, to your + birthright and yourselves To your own souls be true! A weary, + wretched life is theirs, <i>Who have no work to do!</i> + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What incident suggested these thoughts to + the writer? 2. Who toil at the anvil? 3. Who till the + stubborn soil? 4. Who plow the sea's blue wave? 5. Who toil + mentally? 6. Who labor for the souls of men? 7. What is man's + most noble dower? 8. What is said to all these different + laborers? 9. What is the meaning of the suffix <i>less</i> in + the word <i>restless?</i> See SANDERS & McELLIGOTT'S + ANALYSIS, page 140, Ex. 187. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson45"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XLV. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + E LIC' IT, draw forth.<br> + IN TEL' LI GENT, knowing; well-informed.<br> + RE FRAIN, hold in, or keep back.<br> + IG NO RA' MUS, ignorant person.<br> + RE TORT', reply; answer back.<br> + IN DEL' I BLY, in a way not to be effaced.<br> + MYS' TE RIES, profound secrets.<br> + AB SORB' ED, engrossed; occupied.<br> + MOR TI FI CA' TION, deep disappointment.<br> + OB STA CLE, hinderance; impediment.<br> + RE VOLT ED, shrank back.<br> + POR' ING, earnestly perusing.<br> + EM I NENCE, distinction.<br> + IN FOR MA' TION, knowledge.<br> + IL LIT' ER ATE, ignorant; unlearned.<br> + PRO FES' SION, business; employment.<br> + DIS' CI PLIN ED trained; instructed.<br> + CON TEMPT' U OUS, scornful; hateful.<br> + AN TAG' O NIST, opponent; adversary. + </div> + <h4> + THE AMBITIOUS APPRENTICE. + </h4> + <p> + 1. "How far is it from here to the sun?" asked Harmon Lee of + his father's apprentice, James Wallace, intending by the + question to elicit some reply that would exhibit the boy's + ignorance. + </p> + <p> + 2. James Wallace, a boy of fourteen, turned his bright, + intelligent eyes upon the son of his employer, and replied, + "I don't know, Harmon. How far is it?" + </p> + <p> + 3. There was something so honest and earnest in the tone of + the boy, that, much as Harmon had felt disposed, at first, to + sport with his ignorance, he could not refrain from giving + him a true answer. Still, his contempt for the ignorant + apprentice was not to be concealed, and he replied, + "<i>Ninety-five millions of miles</i>, you ignoramus!" James + did not retort; but, repeating over in his mind the distance + named, fixed it indelibly upon his memory. + </p> + <p> + 4. On the same evening, after he had finished his day's work, + he obtained a small text-book on astronomy, which belonged to + Harmon Lee, and went up into his garret with a candle, and + there, alone, attempted to dive into the mysteries of that + sublime science. As he read, the earnestness of his attention + fixed nearly every fact upon his mind. So intent was he, that + he perceived not the flight of time, until the town-clock + struck ten. + </p> + <p> + 5. He lay down upon his hard bed, and gave full scope to his + thoughts. Hour after hour passed away, but he could not + sleep, so absorbed was he in reviewing the new and wonderful + things he had read. At last, wearied nature gave way, and he + fell into a slumber, filled with dreams of planets, moons, + comets, and fixed stars. + </p> + <p> + 6. The next morning the apprentice boy resumed his place at + the work-bench with a new feeling; and, with <i>this</i> + feeling, was mingled one of regret, that he could not go to + school as well as Harmon. + </p> + <p> + "But I can study at night, while he is asleep," he said to + himself. + </p> + <p> + 7. Just then Harmon Lee came into the shop, and, approaching + James, said, for the purpose of teasing him, "How big round + is the earth, James?" + </p> + <p> + "<i>Twenty-five thousand miles,</i>" was the quick reply. + </p> + <p> + 8. Harmon looked surprised, for a moment, and then responded, + with a sneer,—for he was not a kind-hearted boy, but, + on the contrary, very selfish, and disposed to <i>injure</i> + rather than <i>do good</i> to others,—"Oh! how + wonderfully wise you are all at once! And no doubt you can + tell how many moons Jupiter has? Come, let us hear." + </p> + <p> + 9. "Jupiter has four moons," James answered, with something + of exultation in his tone. + </p> + <p> + "And, no doubt, you can tell how many rings it has?" + </p> + <p> + "Jupiter has no rings. Saturn has rings, and Jupiter belts," + James replied, in a decisive tone. + </p> + <p> + 10. For a moment or two Harmon was silent with surprise and + mortification, to think that his father's <i>apprentice</i>, + whom he esteemed so far below him, should be possessed of + knowledge equal to his, and on the points in reference to + which he had chosen to question him,—and that he should + be able to convict him of an error, into which he had + purposely fallen. + </p> + <p> + 11. "I should like to know how long it is since you became so + wonderfully wise," said Harmon, with a sneer. + </p> + <p> + "Not very long," James replied calmly. "I have been reading + one of your books on astronomy." + </p> + <p> + 12. "I should like to know what business <i>you</i> have to + touch one of <i>my</i> books! You had better be minding your + work." + </p> + <p> + "I did not neglect it, Harmon; I read at <i>night</i>, after + I was done with my work; and I did not hurt your book." + </p> + <p> + "I don't care if you <i>didn't</i> hurt it. You are not going + to have <i>my</i> books, I can tell you. So, you just let + them alone." + </p> + <p> + 13. Poor James's heart sank within him at this unexpected + obstacle, so suddenly thrown in his way. He had no money of + his own to buy, and knew of no one from whom he could borrow + the book, that had become so necessary to his happiness. "Do, + Harmon," he said, "lend me the book; I will take good care of + it." + </p> + <p> + "No; I will not. And don't you dare to touch it," was the + angry reply. + </p> + <p> + 14. James Wallace knew well enough the selfish disposition of + Harmon, to be convinced that there was now but little hope of + his having the use of his books, except by stealth; and from + that his naturally open and honest principles revolted. All + day he thought earnestly of the means whereby he should be + able to obtain a book on astronomy, to quench the ardent + thirst he had created in his own mind. + </p> + <p> + 15. He was learning the trade of a blind-maker. Having been + already an apprentice for two years, and being industrious + and intelligent, he had acquired a readiness with tools, and + much skill in some parts of his trade. While sitting alone, + after he had finished his work for the day, it occurred to + him that he might, by working in the evening, earn some + money, and with it buy such books as he wanted. + </p> + <p> + 16. By consent of his employer, he succeeded in getting a + small job, from one of his neighbors; and, in a short time, + by working evenings, he obtained sufficient money to purchase + a book of his own, and had a half dollar left, with which he + bought a second-hand dictionary. Every night found him poring + over his books; and, as soon as it was light enough in the + morning to see, he was up and reading. During the day, his + mind was pondering over the things he had read, while his + hands were diligently employed in the labor assigned him. + </p> + <p> + 17. It occurred, just at this time, that a number of + benevolent individuals established, in the town where James + lived, one of those excellent institutions, an Apprentices' + Library. To this he applied, and obtained the books he + needed. And thus, did this poor apprentice boy lay the + foundation of future eminence and usefulness. At the age of + twenty-one, he was master of his trade; and, what was more, + had laid up a vast amount of general and scientific + information. + </p> + <p> + 18. Let us now turn to mark the progress of the young + student, Harmon Lee, in one of the best seminaries in his + native city, and afterwards at college. The idea that he was + to be a lawyer, soon took possession of his mind, and this + caused him to feel contempt for other boys, who were merely + designed for trades or store-keeping. + </p> + <p> + 19. Like too many others, he had no love for learning. To be + a <i>lawyer</i> he thought would be much more honorable than + to be a mere mechanic; and, for this reason <i>alone</i>, he + desired to be one. As for James Wallace, the poor illiterate + apprentice, he was most heartily despised, and never treated + by Harmon with the least degree of kind consideration. + </p> + <p> + 20. At the age of eighteen, Harmon was sent away to one of + the eastern universities, and there remained until he was + twenty years of age, when he graduated, and came home with + the honorary title of Bachelor of Arts. On the very day that + James completed his term of apprenticeship, Harmon was + admitted to the bar. + </p> + <p> + 21. From some cause, James determined he would make law + <i>his</i> profession. To the acquirement of a knowledge of + legal matters, therefore, he bent all the energies of a well + disciplined mind. Two years passed away in an untiring + devotion to the studies he had assigned himself, and he then + made application for admission to the bar. + </p> + <p> + 22. Young Wallace passed his examinations with some applause, + and the first case on which he was employed, chanced to be + one of great difficulty, which required all his skill; the + lawyer on the opposite side was Harmon Lee, who entertained + for his father's apprentice the utmost contempt. + </p> + <p> + 23. The cause came on. There was a profound silence and a + marked attention and interest, when the young stranger arose + in the court-room to open the case. A smile of contempt + curled the lip of Harmon Lee, but Wallace saw it not. The + prominent points of the case were presented in plain, but + concise language to the court; and a few remarks bearing upon + its merits being made, the young lawyer took his seat, and + gave room for the defense. + </p> + <p> + 24. Instantly Harmon Lee was on his feet, and began referring + to the points presented by his "very learned brother," in a + very flippant manner. There were those present who marked the + light that kindled in the eye of Wallace, and the flash that + passed over his countenance at the first contemptuous word + and tone that were uttered by his antagonist at the bar. + These soon gave place to attention, and an air of conscious + power. Nearly an hour had passed when Harmon resumed his seat + with a look of exultation, which was followed by a pitying + and contemptuous smile, as Wallace again slowly rose. + </p> + <p> + 25. Ten minutes, however, had not passed when that smile had + changed to a look of surprise, mortification, and alarm. The + young lawyer's first speech showed him to be a man of calm, + deep, systematic thought,—well skilled in points of law + and in authorities,—and, more than all, a lawyer of + practical and comprehensive views. When he sat down, no + important point in the case had been left untouched, and none + that had been touched, required further elucidation. + </p> + <p> + 20. Lee followed briefly, in a vain attempt to torture his + language and break down his positions. But he felt that he + was contending with weapons whose edges were turned at every + blow. When he took his seat again, Wallace merely remarked + that he was prepared, without further argument, to submit the + case to the court. + </p> + <p> + 27. The case was accordingly submitted, and a decision + unhesitatingly made in favor of the plaintiff, or Wallace's + client. From that hour James Wallace took his true position. + <i>The despised apprentice became the able and profound + lawyer,</i> and was esteemed for real talent and real moral + worth, which, when combined, ever place their possessor in + his true position. Ten years from that day, Wallace was + elevated to the bench, while Lee, a second-rate lawyer, never + rose above that position. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What profession did James study, after he + had learned his trade? 2. Who was his opponent in the first + cause he tried? 3. Which won the case? 4. What did James + finally become? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson46"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XLVI. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + TAUNT' ING LY, insultingly.<br> + DIG' NI FI ED, noble.<br> + DIS PU' TANTS, persons disputing.<br> + RES O LU' TION, decision.<br> + IM AG' IN ED, fancied.<br> + RE FLEC' TION, thought; consideration.<br> + SU PE RI OR' I TY, preeminence.<br> + SUB OR DI NATE, one inferior in position.<br> + BUF' FET ED, struggled against.<br> + THRALLS, bondage.<br> + DES POT' IC, tyrannical.<br> + OP PRES' SION, tyranny.<br> + PEN' U RY, poverty; destitution.<br> + PRED E CES' SORS, those who have gone before.<br> + DIS PEN SA' TIONS, dealings.<br> + CRI TE' RI ON, standard; measure. + </div> + <h4> + "SO WAS FRANKLIN." + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + ANON. + </p> + <p> + 1. "Oh, you're a <i>'prentice!</i>" said a little boy, the + other day, tauntingly, to his companion. The boy addressed + turned proudly round, and, while the fire of injured pride, + and the look of pity were strangely blended in his + countenance, coolly answered, "<i>So was Franklin!</i>" + </p> + <p> + 2. This dignified reply struck me forcibly, and I turned to + mark the disputants more closely. The former, I perceived by + his dress, was of a higher class in society than his humble, + yet more dignified companion. The latter was a sprightly, + active lad, scarce twelve years old, and coarsely, but neatly + attired. But, young as he was, there was visible in his + countenance much of genius, manly dignity, and determinate + resolution; while that of the former showed only fostered + pride, and the imagined superiority of riches. + </p> + <p> + 3. That little fellow, thought we, gazing at our young hero, + displays already much of the man, though his calling be a + humble one; and, though poverty extends to him her dreary, + cheerless reality, still he looks on the brightest side of + the scene, and already rises in anticipation from poverty and + wretchedness! Once, "<i>so was Franklin</i>" and the world + may one day witness in our little "<i>'prentice</i>" as great + a philosopher as they have already seen in his noble pattern! + And we passed on, buried in meditation. + </p> + <p> + 4. The motto of our infantile philosopher contains + much,—too much to be forgotten, and should be engraven + on the minds of all. What can better cheer man in a humble + calling, than the reflection that the greatest and the best + of earth—the greatest statesmen, the brightest + philosophers, and the proudest warriors—have once + graced the same profession? + </p> + <p> + 5.<br> + "Look at Franklin! He who<br> + With the thunder talked, as friend to friend,<br> + And wove his garland of the lightning's wing,<br> + In sportive twist." + </p> + <p> + What was he? A <i>printer!</i> once a subordinate in a + printing office! Poverty stared him in the face; but her + blank, hollow look, could nothing daunt him. He struggled + against a harder current than most are called to encounter; + but he did not yield. He pressed manfully onward; bravely + buffeted misfortune's billows, and gained the desired haven! + </p> + <p> + 6. Look at Cincinnatus! At the call of his country he laid + aside the plow and seized the sword. But having wielded it + with success, when his country was no longer endangered, and + public affairs needed not his longer stay, "he beat his sword + Into a ploughshare," and returned with honest delight to his + little farm. + </p> + <p> + 7. Look at Washington! What was his course of life? He was + first a <i>farmer;</i> next a <i>Commander in Chief</i> of + the hosts of freedom, fighting for the liberation of his + country from the thralls of despotic oppression; next, called + to the highest seat of government by his ransomed brethren, a + <i>President of the largest Republic on earth</i>, and + lastly, a <i>farmer</i> again. + </p> + <p> + 8. What was the famous Ben Jonson? He was first a + <i>brick-layer, or mason!</i> What was he in after years? + 'Tis needless to answer. + </p> + <p> + What was Burns? An Ayrshire <i>plowman!</i> What was he in + after life, in the estimation of his countrymen, and the + world? Your library gives the answer! + </p> + <p> + 9. But shall we go on, and call up, in proud array, all the + mighty host of worthies that have lived and died, who were + cradled in the lap of penury, and received their first + lessons in the school of affliction'? Nay'; we have cited + instances enough already,—yea, more than enough to + prove the point in question—namely, <i>that there is no + profession, however low in the opinion of the world, but has + been honored with earth's greatest and worthiest.</i> + </p> + <p> + 10. Young man! Does the iron hand of misfortune press hard + upon you, and disappointments well-nigh sink your despairing + soul'? Have courage! Mighty ones have been your predecessors, + and have withstood the current of opposition that threatened + to overwhelm their fragile bark. + </p> + <p> + 11. Do you despise your humble station, and repine that + Providence has not placed you in some nobler sphere'? Murmur + not against the dispensations of an All-wise Creator! + Remember that wealth is no criterion of moral rectitude or + intellectual worth,—that riches dishonestly gained, are + a lasting curse,—that virtue and uprightness work out a + rich reward,—and that + </p> + <pre> +"An honest man's the noblest work of God." +</pre> + <p> + 12. And when dark Disappointment comes, do not wither at her + stare; but press forward, and the prize is yours! It was thus + with <i>Franklin</i>,—it can be thus with <i>you</i>. + He strove for the prize, and he won it! So may <i>you!</i> + 'Tis well worth contending for; and may success attend you, + and the "stars" grow brighter, as the "stripes" wear deeper! + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What did the rich boy say of the poor + boy? 2. What reply did the poor boy make? 3. What other + examples are cited of eminent men who were once poor? 4. What + is said of Cincinnatus? 5. Of Washington? 6. Of Ben Jonson? + 7. Of Burns? 8. What do all these examples prove? 9. What + encouragement is given to young men? 10. What are the full + forms of the words <i>you're, 'prentice?</i> + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson47"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XLVII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + MAG'IC, power of enchantment.<br> + CONTEN'TION, strife; controversy.<br> + TRA DI'TION, facts or events handed down from age to + age.<br> + SUB TILE, thin; slight; slender.<br> + IN VEST'ED, clothed.<br> + CREST'ED, adorned with a plume or crest.<br> + AZ'URE, light-blue; sky-colored.<br> + PER SPECT' IVE, (PER, <i>through</i>; SPECT, <i>to see</i>; + IVE, <i>having the power</i>,) having the power to see + through; a view through.<br> + UN DI VERT' ED, (UN, <i>not</i>; DI, <i>aside</i>; VERTED, + <i>turned</i>,) not turned aside; unheeded.<br> + VEST'URE, garment.<br> + SE DATE', calm; quiet.<br> + FAN TAS'TIC, fanciful; visionary.<br> + RA DI ANCE, brightness; luster.<br> + IN VEC'TIVE, railing speech.<br> + I DE'AL, imaginary.<br> + FA TIGU ING, wearisome, toilsome.<br> + AS PIR'ING, aiming; seeking to rise. + </div> + <h4> + NOW AND THEN. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + JANE TAYLOR. + </p> + <pre> + 1. In distant days,—of wild romance, + Of magic, mist, and fable,— + When stones could argue, trees advance,[Footnote 1] + And brutes to talk were able,— + When shrubs and flowers were said to preach, + And manage all the parts of speech,— + 2. 'Twas <i>then</i>, no doubt, if 'twas at all, + (But doubts we need not mention,) + That <i>Then</i> and <i>Now</i>, two adverbs small, + Engaged in sharp contention; + But how they made each other hear, + Tradition doth not make appear. + 3. <i>Then</i> was a sprite of subtile frame, + With rainbow tints invested.— + On clouds of dazzling light she came, + And stars her forehead crested; + Her sparkling eyes of azure hue, + Seemed borrowed from the distant blue. + 4. <i>Now</i> rested on the solid earth, + And sober was her vesture; + She seldom either grief or mirth + Expressed, by word or gesture; + Composed, sedate, and firm she stood, + And looked industrious, calm, and good. + 5. <i>Then</i> sang a wild, fantastic song, + Light as the gale she flies on, + Still stretching, as she sailed along, + Toward the far horizon, + Where clouds of radiance, fringed with gold, + O'er hills of emerald beauty rolled. + 6. <i>Now</i> rarely raised her sober eye + To view that golden distance; + Nor let one idle minute fly + In hope of <i>Then's</i> assistance; + But still with busy hands she stood, + Intent on doing <i>present</i> good. + 7. She ate the sweet, but homely fare, + That passing moments brought her; + While <i>Then</i>, expecting dainties rare, + Despised such bread and water; + And waited for the fruits and flowers + Of future, still receding hours. + 8. <i>Now</i>, venturing once to ask her why, + She answered with invective; + And pointed, as she made reply, +<i>Toward that long perspective + Of years to come</i>,—in distant blue, + Wherein she meant to <i>live</i> and <i>do</i>, + 9. "Alas!" says she, <i>"how hard you toil!</i> + With undiverted sadness; + Behold yon land of wine and oil! + Those sunny hills of gladness! + Those joys I wait, with eager brow," +<i>"And so you always will!"</i> said <i>Now</i>. +10. "That fairy land that looks so real, + Recedes as you pursue it; + Thus, while you wait for time's ideal, +<i>I take my work and do it;</i> + Intent to form, when time is gone, + A <i>pleasant past</i> to look upon." +11. "Ah, well," said <i>Then</i>, "I envy not + Your dull, fatiguing labors,— + Aspiring to a brighter lot, + With thousands of my neighbors; + Soon as I reach that golden hill,"— + "But that," says <i>Now</i>, "you <i>never will!"</i> + +12. "And e'en suppose you should," said she, + "(Though mortal ne'er attained it,) + Your nature you must change with me, + The moment you have gained it; + Since hope fulfilled, (you must allow,) + Turns NOW to <i>Then</i>, and THEN to <i>Now</i>." +</pre> + <p> + [Footnote 1: The reference is to Orpheus, (or' fuse,) an + ancient poet and musician of Greece. The skill of Orpheus on + the lyre, was fabled to have been such as to move the very + trees and rocks, and to assemble the beasts around him as he + touched its chords.] + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What two words are represented as holding + a controversy? 2. Describe the appearance of each. 3. When + did <i>Then</i> propose to do something? 4. How did Now act? + 5. What answer did <i>Then</i> make, when <i>Now</i> asked + her why she waited? 6. What was <i>Now's</i> reply? 7. What + did <i>Now</i> finally say to <i>Then</i>? 8. How should + passages, within a parenthesis, be read? See SANDERS' UNION + READER, NUMBER THREE, page 20. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson48"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XLVIII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + IN GEN' IOUS, artful; skillful.<br> + STRAT' A GEM, trick; artifice.<br> + EX CEED' ED, surpassed.<br> + SIG' NALS, signs.<br> + AM' I CA BLE, friendly; peaceable.<br> + RE PEL', (RE, <i>back</i>; PEL, <i>to drive</i>,)drive + back.<br> + MU' TU AL, reciprocal.<br> + EX TRAOR' DI NA RY, uncommon.<br> + IN VET' ER ATE, obstinate; violent.<br> + HARANGUE', declamatory speech.<br> + EN TER TAIN' ED, held; had.<br> + SUS PI' CION, mistrust.<br> + EN COUN' TER ED, met face to face.<br> + EX' E CU TED, carried out.<br> + FOR' MI DA BLE, fearful; dreadful.<br> + PER FID' I OUS, treacherous.<br> + PRE CIP' ITATELY, headlong.<br> + IN AN' I MATE, dead; lifeless. + </div> + <h4> + AN INGENIOUS STRATAGEM. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + DAYS OF WASHINGTON. + </p> + <p> + 1. In the early part of the war, a sergeant and twelve armed + men undertook a journey through the wilderness, in the State + of New Hampshire. Their route was remote from any settlement, + and they were under the necessity of encamping over night in + the woods. Nothing material happened the first day of their + excursion; but, early in the afternoon of the second, they, + from an eminence, discovered a body of armed Indians + advancing toward them, whose number rather exceeded their + own. + </p> + <p> + 2. As soon as the whites were perceived by their red + brethren, the latter made signals, and the two parties + approached each other in an amicable manner. The Indians + appeared to be much gratified with meeting the sergeant and + his men, whom, they observed, they considered as their + protectors. They said they belonged to a tribe which had + raised the hatchet with zeal in the cause of liberty, and + were determined to do all in their power to repel the common + enemy. + </p> + <p> + 3. They shook hands in friendship. When they had conversed + with each other for some time, and exchanged mutual good + wishes, they, at length, separated, and each party traveled + in a different direction. After proceeding to the distance of + a mile or more, the sergeant, who was acquainted with all the + different tribes, and knew on which side of the contest they + were respectively ranked, halted his men, and addressed them + in the following words: + </p> + <p> + 4. "My brave companions, we must use the utmost caution, or + this night may be our last. Should we not make some + extraordinary exertions to defend ourselves, to-morrow's sun + may find us sleeping, never to wake. You are surprised, + comrades, at my words, and your anxiety will not be lessened, + when I inform you that we have just passed <i>our most + inveterate foe</i>, who, under the mask of pretended + friendship, which you have witnessed, would lull us to + security, and, by such means, in the unguarded moments of our + midnight slumber, without resistance, seal our fate." + </p> + <p> + 5. The men with astonishment listened to this short harangue; + and their surprise was greater, as not one of them had + entertained the suspicion but that they had just encountered + friends. They all immediately resolved to enter into some + scheme for their mutual preservation, and the destruction of + their enemies. By the proposal of their leader, the following + plan was adopted and executed. + </p> + <p> + 6. The spot selected for their night's encampment, was near a + stream of water, which served to cover their rear. They + felled a large tree, before which, on the approach of night, + a brilliant fire was lighted. Each individual cut a log of + wood, about the size of his body, rolled it nicely in his + blanket, placed his hat upon one end, and laid it before the + fire, that the enemy might be deceived, and mistake it for a + man. + </p> + <p> + 7. After they had thus fitted out logs, equal in number to + the sergeant's party, and had so artfully arranged them, that + they might be easily mistaken for so many soldiers, the men + with loaded muskets placed themselves behind the fallen tree, + by which time the shades of evening began to close around. + The fire was kept burning brilliantly until late in the + evening, when it was suffered to decline. + </p> + <p> + 8. The critical time was now approaching, when an attack + might be expected from the Indians; but the sergeant's men + rested in their place of concealment with great anxiety, till + near midnight, without perceiving any movement of the enemy. + At length, a tall Indian was discovered, through the + glimmering of the fire, cautiously moving toward them, making + no noise, and apparently using every means in his power to + conceal himself from any one about the camp. + </p> + <p> + 9. For a time, his actions showed him to be suspicious that a + guard might be stationed to watch any unusual appearance, who + would give the alarm in case of danger; but, all appearing + quiet, he ventured forward more boldly, rested upon his toes, + and was distinctly seen to move his finger as he numbered + each log of wood, or what he supposed to be a human being + quietly enjoying repose. + </p> + <p> + 10. To satisfy himself more fully, as to the number, he + counted them over a second time, and cautiously retired. He + was succeeded by another Indian, who went through the same + movements, and retired in the same manner. Soon after, the + whole party, sixteen in number, were discovered approaching, + and greedily eyeing their supposed victims. + </p> + <p> + 11. The feelings of the sergeant's men can be better imagined + than described, when they saw the base and cruel purpose of + their enemies, who were now so near that they could scarcely + be restrained from firing upon them. The plan, however, of + the sergeant, was to have his men remain silent in their + places of concealment, till the muskets of the savages were + discharged, that their own fire might be effectual, and + opposition less formidable. + </p> + <p> + 12. Their suspense was not of long duration. The Indians, in + a body, cautiously approached till within a short distance: + they then halted, took deliberate aim, discharged their + pieces upon inanimate logs, gave a dreadful war-whoop, and + instantly rushed forward, with tomahawk and scalping knife in + hand, to dispatch the living, and obtain the scalps of the + dead. + </p> + <p> + 13. As soon as they had collected in close order, more + effectually to execute their horrid intentions, the + sergeant's party discharged their pieces, not on logs of + wood, but perfidious savages,—many of whom fell under + the hot fire of the little band, and the rest precipitately + fled. But for this ingenious scheme, it is probable that not + one of these twelve men would have escaped the tomahawk of + the savages. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What did the sergeant say to his men, + after parting with the Indians? 2. What plan did the sergeant + propose for their preservation? 3. Did the plan succeed? 4. + Describe the closing scene. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson49"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XLIX. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + VEN' ER A BLE, worthy of reverence.<br> + IN VA' SION, irruption; inroad.<br> + EX CIT' ED, roused; stirred up.<br> + IRE, wrath; indignation.<br> + VENGE' ANCE, retaliation.<br> + RE LEAS' ED, set free; liberated.<br> + TRO PHIES, memorials of victory.<br> + BE REFT', deprived.<br> + VULT' URE, rapacious bird.<br> + TRAV' ERS ED, crossed over.<br> + DE SCRIP' TION, representation.<br> + MA TER' NAL, motherly.<br> + FIL' IAL, becoming a child.<br> + CON SAN GUIN' I TY, blood relationship.<br> + IN TEL' LI GENCE, news; information.<br> + I DEN' TI TY, sameness.<br> + SUR VIV' ED, remained alive.<br> + AS CER TAIN' ED, found out.<br> + IN TER' PRET ER, explainer.<br> + LIN' E A MENTS, features. + </div> + <h4> + FRANCES SLOCUM, THE YOUNG CAPTIVE. + </h4> + <p> + [Footnote: The great massacre at Wyoming was, perhaps, the + most bloody and terrible chapter of the Revolution. A + combined Indian and Tory force had flung itself upon the + peaceful valley, and murdered or made captive nearly all its + unoffending inhabitants; its old and its young,—men, + women, and children alike,—were either indiscriminately + butchered or made prisoners. Among the prisoners taken on + that occasion, was an infant child by the name of Frances + Slocum. The story is a very strange one; we copy it from + Lossing's very excellent work, "The Field Book of the + Revolution."] + </p> + <p class="rauth"> + B.J. LOSSING. + </p> + <p> + 1. I passed the evening with the venerable Joseph Slocum, + whose family was among the sufferers, in Wyoming Valley. He + related to me all the particulars of the capture and final + discovery of his sister Frances, and other incidents + connected with the sufferings of his family. + </p> + <p> + 2. His father was a Quaker, and was distinguished for his + kindness to the Indians. He remained unharmed at the time of + the invasion, and, while the torch was applied to the + dwellings of others, <i>his</i> was left untouched. But his + son Giles was in the battle. This, doubtless, excited the ire + of the Indians, and they resolved on vengeance. 3. Late in + the autumn, they were seen prowling about the house, which + was situated about one hundred rods from the Wilkesbarre + Fort. A neighbor, named Kingsley, had been made prisoner, and + his wife and two sons had a welcome home in Mr. Slocum's + family. One morning, the boys were grinding a knife near the + house, when a rifle-shot and a shriek brought Mrs. Slocum to + the door. An Indian was scalping the eldest boy, a lad of + fifteen, with the knife he had been grinding. + </p> + <p> + 4. The savage then went into the house, and caught up a + little son of Mrs. Slocum. "See!" exclaimed the frightened + mother, "he can do thee no good; he is lame." The Indian + released the boy, took up her little daughter Frances, aged + five years, gently in his arms, and, seizing the younger + Kingsley, hastened to the mountains. + </p> + <p> + 5. Two Indians who were with him, carried off a black girl, + about seventeen years of age. Mr. Slocum's daughter caught up + her brother Joseph, (my informant,) two and a half years old, + and fled in safety to the fort, where an alarm was given; but + the savages were beyond successful pursuit. + </p> + <p> + 6. About six weeks afterward, Mr. Slocum and his + father-in-law Ira Tripp, were shot and scalped by some + Indians while foddering cattle near the house. Again the + savages escaped with their horrid trophies. Mrs. Slocum, + bereft of father, husband, and child, and stripped of all + possessions but the house that sheltered her, could not leave + the valley, for nine helpless children were yet in her + household. + </p> + <p> + 7. She trusted in the God of Elijah; and, if she was not fed + by the ravens, she was spared by the vultures. She mourned + not for the dead; for they were at rest: but little Frances, + her lost darling, where was she? The lamp of hope kept on + burning; but years rolled by, and no tidings of the little + one came. + </p> + <p> + 8. When peace returned, and friendly intercourse with Canada + was established, two of the little captive's brothers started + in search of her. They traversed the wilderness to Niagara, + offering rewards for her recovery; but all in vain. They + returned to Wyoming, convinced that the child was dead. But + the mother's heart was still the shrine of hope, and she felt + assured that Frances was not in the grave. + </p> + <p> + 9. Her soul appeared to commune with that of her child, and + she often said, "I know Frances is still living." At length, + the mother's heart was cheered: a woman (for many years had + now passed, and Frances, if living, must have arrived to + womanhood) was found among the Indians, answering the + description of the lost one. She only remembered being + carried away from the Susquehanna. + </p> + <p> + 10. Mrs. Slocum took her home, and cherished her with a + mother's tenderness. Yet the mysterious link of sympathy + which binds the maternal spirit to its offspring, was unfelt, + and the bereaved mother was bereaved still. "It may be + Frances, but it does not seem so; yet the woman shall ever be + welcome," said Mrs. Slocum. The foundling, also, felt no + filial yearnings; and, both becoming convinced that no + consanguinity existed, the orphan returned to her Indian + friends. + </p> + <p> + 11. From time to time, the hope of the mother would be + revived, and journeys were made to distant Indian settlements + in search of the lost sister; but in vain. The mother went + "down into the grave, mourning," and little Frances was + almost forgotten. Her brothers had become aged men, and their + grandchildren were playing upon the very spot, whence she had + been taken. + </p> + <p> + 12. In the summer of 1837, fifty-nine years after her + capture, intelligence of Frances was received. Colonel Ewing, + an Indian agent and trader, in a letter from Logansport, + Indiana, to the editor of the <i>Lancaster Intelligencer</i>, + gave such information, that all doubts respecting her + identity were removed; and Joseph Slocum, with the sister who + carried him to the fort, and yet survived, immediately + journeyed to Ohio, where they were joined by their younger + brother Isaac. + </p> + <p> + 13. They proceeded to Logansport, where they found Mr. Ewing, + and ascertained that the woman spoken of by him, lived about + twelve miles from the village. She was immediately sent for; + and, toward evening the next day, she came into the town, + riding a spirited young horse, accompanied by her two + daughters, and the husband of one of them,—all dressed + in full Indian costume. + </p> + <p> + 14. An interpreter was procured, (for she could not speak or + understand English,) and she listened seriously to what her + brothers had to say. She answered but little, and, at sunset, + departed for her home, promising to return the next morning. + The brother and sister were quite sure that it was indeed + Frances, though in her face nothing but Indian lineaments + were seen, her color alone revealing her origin. + </p> + <p> + 15. True to her appointment, she appeared the following + morning, accompanied as before. Mr. Joseph Slocum then + mentioned a mark of recognition, which, his mother had said, + was a sure test. While playing, one day, with a hammer in a + blacksmith's shop, Joseph, then a child two and a half years + old, gave Frances a blow upon the middle finger of the left + hand, which crushed the bone, and deprived the finger of its + nail. + </p> + <p> + 16. This test Mr. Slocum had withheld until others should + fail. When he mentioned it, the aged woman was greatly + agitated; and, while tears filled the furrows of her face, + she held out the wounded finger. There was no longer a doubt, + and a scene of great interest ensued. Her affections for her + kindred, that had slumbered half a century, were aroused, and + she made earnest inquiries after her father, mother, + brothers, and sisters. Her full heart—full with the + cherished secrets of her history—was opened, and the + story of her life freely given. + </p> + <p> + 17. She said the savages, who were Delawares, after taking + her to a rocky cave in the mountains, departed to the Indian + country. The first night was the unhappiest of her life. She + was kindly treated,—being carried tenderly in their + arms when she was weary. She was adopted in an Indian family, + and brought up as their daughter. For years she lived a + roving life, and loved it. She was taught the use of the bow + and arrow, and became expert in all the employments of savage + existence. + </p> + <p> + 18. When she was grown to womanhood, both her Indian parents + died, and she soon afterward married a young chief of the + nation, and removed to the Ohio country. She was treated with + more respect than the Indian women generally; and so happy + was she in her domestic relations, that the chance of being + discovered, and compelled to return among the whites, was the + greatest evil that she feared; for she had been taught that + they were the implacable enemies of the Indians, whom she + loved. + </p> + <p> + 19. Her husband died; and, her people having joined the + Miamies, she went with them, and married one of that tribe. + The last husband was also dead, and she had been a widow many + years. Children and grandchildren were around her, and her + life was passing pleasantly away. When she concluded the + narrative, she lifted her right hand in a solemn manner, and + said, "All this is as true as that there is a Great Spirit in + the heavens!" she had entirely forgotten her native language, + and was a pagan. + </p> + <p> + 20. On the day after the second interview, the brothers and + sisters, with the interpreter, rode out to her dwelling. It + was a well-built log-house, in the midst of cultivation. A + large herd of cattle and sixty horses were grazing in the + pasture. Everything betokened plenty and comfort; for she was + wealthy, when her wants and her means were compared. Her + annuity from government, which she received as one of the + Miami tribe, had been saved, and she had about one thousand + dollars in specie. + </p> + <p> + 21. Her white friends passed several days very agreeably with + her; and subsequently her brother Joseph, with his daughter, + the wife of the Hon. Mr. Bennet, of Wyoming, made her another + visit, and bade her a last farewell. She died a few years + ago, and was buried with considerable pomp; for she was + regarded as a queen among her tribe. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. Where is the Wyoming Valley? 2. Relate + the incidents connected with the capture of little Frances. + 3. What efforts were made to find her? 4. How many years + after her capture before she was found? 5. Where did they + find her? 6. By what test did Mr. Slocum prove that she was + his sister? 7. What history did she relate of herself? 8. + Describe her home. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson50"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON L. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + FRING' ING, bordering; edging.<br> + LEDGE, layer; ridge.<br> + DAI SY, (literally <i>day's eye</i>,) a little wild flower + very common in summer.<br> + RI' OT OUS, noisy; reveling.<br> + BOIS' TER OUS, tumultuous; violent.<br> + CULL' ING, selecting; picking.<br> + BOU QUETS', (<i>boo kas</i>,) bunches of flowers.<br> + SULK' Y, morose.<br> + BOTH' ER ING, perplexing.<br> + UN WONT' ED, rare: uncommon.<br> + TE' DI OUS, tiresome; wearisome. + </div> + <h4> + THE RAIN-DROPS. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + DELIA LOUISE COLTON. + </p> + <pre> +1. <i>The silver rain, the golden rain,</i> +<i>The tripping, dancing, laughing rain!</i> + Stringing its pearls on the green leaf's edge, + Fringing with gems the brown rock's ledge, + Spinning a vail for the water-fall, + And building an amber-colored wall + Across the West where the sun-beams fall: +<i>The gentle rain</i>, in the shady lane, +<i>The pattering, peering, winning rain!</i> +2. <i>The noisy rain, the marching rain,</i> +<i>The rushing tread of the heavy rain!</i> + Pouring its rivers from out the blue, + Down on the grass where the daisies grew, + Darting in clouds of angry drops + Across the hills and the green tree-tops, + And kissing, at last, in its giant glee, + The foaming lips of the great green sea: +<i>The fierce, wild rain, the riotous rain,</i> +<i>The boisterous, dashing, shouting rain!</i> +3. <i>The still night rain, the solemn rain!</i> +<i>The soldier-step of the midnight rain!</i> + With its measured beat on the roof o'erhead, + With its tidings sweet of the faithful dead, + Whispers from loves who are laid asleep + Under the sod where the myrtles creep, + Culling bouquets from the sun-lit past, + Of flowers too sweet, too fair to last: +<i>The faithful rain, the untiring rain,</i> +<i>The cooing, sobbing, weeping rain!</i> +4. <i>The sulky rain, the spiteful rain,</i> +<i>The bothering, pilfering, thieving rain!</i> + Creeping so lazily over the sky, + A leaden mask o'er a bright blue eye, + And shutting in, with its damp, strong hands, + The rosy faces in curls, and bands + Of girls who think, with unwonted frown + Of the charming laces and things down-town, + That might as well for this tiresome rain, + Be in the rose land of Almahain: +<i>The horrid rain, the tedious rain,</i> +<i>The never-ending, dingy rain!</i> +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What is the meaning of the suffix + <i>ing</i>, in such words as <i>tripping, dancing, + laughing</i>, &c.? See SANDERS & McELLIGOTT'S + ANALYSIS, page 153, Ex. 206. 2. What is the use of the hyphen + in such words as <i>water-fall, amber-colored</i>, &c.? + See SANDERS' NEW SPELLER, page l65. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson51"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LI. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + LAV' ISH, liberal; profuse.<br> + PER' FUMES, pleasant odors.<br> + HAR MO' NI OUS, concordant.<br> + RAPT' URE, extreme joyousness.<br> + GERMS, seed-buds; beginnings.<br> + PAR'TICLES, minute parts; atoms.<br> + MOTES, very small particles.<br> + VENT' URE, dare; have courage.<br> + COL' UMNS, pillars.<br> + DOME, arched roof; cupola.<br> + TI' NY, very small.<br> + ES' SENCE, perfume. + </div> + <h4> + "SMALL THINGS." + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + F. BENNOCH. + </p> + <pre> +1. Who dares to scorn the meanest thing, + The humblest weed that grows, + While pleasure spreads its joyous wing + On every breeze that blows? + The simplest flower that, hidden, blooms + The lowest on the ground, + Is lavish of its rare perfumes, + And scatters sweetness round. +2. The poorest friend upholds a part + Of life's harmonious plan; + The weakest hand may have the art + To serve the strongest man. + The bird that highest, clearest sings, + To greet the morning's birth, + Falls down to drink, with folded wings, + Love's rapture on the earth. +3. From germs too small for mortal sight + Grow all things that are seen, + Their floating particles of light + Weave Nature's robe of green. + The motes that fill the sunny rays + Build ocean, earth, and sky,— + The wondrous orbs that round us blaze + Are motes to Deity! +4. Life, love, devotion, closely twine, + Like tree, and flower, and fruit; + They ripen by a power divine, + Though fed by leaf and root. + And he who would be truly great, + Must venture to be small; + On airy columns rests the dome + That, shining, circles all. +5. Small duties grow to mighty deeds; + Small words to thoughts of power; + Great forests spring from tiny seeds, + As moments make the hour. + And life, howe'er it lowly grows, + The essence to it given, + Like odor from the breathing rose, + Floats evermore to Heaven. +</pre> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson52"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + EX TINCT', extinguished.<br> + IN COR' PO RA TED, united.<br> + TAC' IT, silent; implied.<br> + SUB SIST' ED, existed.<br> + HOS PI TAL' I TY, kind treatment.<br> + IN POR' TU NATE, urgent; pressing.<br> + EN CROACH' MENT, intrusion.<br> + IR' RI TA TED, provoked; exasperated.<br> + MAS' SA CRE, (<i>mas' sa ker</i>,) slaughter.<br> + GRAV' I TY, seriousness.<br> + DE LIB' ER ATE, take council.<br> + TREA' SON, treachery; disloyalty.<br> + AP PRIS' ING, informing.<br> + BE TRAY', expose.<br> + IN VIN CI BLE, unconquerable.<br> + WAX' ED, became, grew.<br> + BE SOUGHT', entreated; implored.<br> + SUF FICE, (<i>c like z</i>,) prove sufficient. + </div> + <h4> + MURDERER'S CREEK. + </h4> + <p> + [Footnote: In Orange County, New York.] + </p> + <p class="rauth"> + JAMES K. PAULDING. + </p> + <p> + 1. Little more than a century ago, the beautiful region + watered by this stream, was possessed by a small tribe of + Indians, which has long since become extinct, or incorporated + with some other savage nation of the West. Three or four + hundred yards from where the stream discharges itself into + the Hudson, a white family, of the name of Stacy, had + established itself in a log-house, by tacit permission of the + tribe, to whom Stacy had made himself useful by his skill in + a variety of little arts, highly estimated by the savages. + </p> + <p> + 2. In particular, a friendship subsisted between him and an + old Indian, called Naöman, who often came to his house, + and partook of his hospitality. <i>The Indians never forgive + injuries, nor forget benefits</i>. The family consisted of + Stacy, his wife, and two children, a boy and a girl, the + former five, the latter three years old. + </p> + <p> + 3. One day, Naöman came to Stacy's log-hut, in his + absence, lighted his pipe, and sat down. He looked very + serious, sometimes sighed deeply, but said not a word. + Stacy's wife asked him what was the matter,—if he was + sick. He shook his head, sighed, but said nothing, and soon + went away. The next day, he came again and behaved in the + same manner. Stacy's wife began to think strange of this, and + related it to her husband, who advised her to urge the old + man to an explanation the next time he came. + </p> + <p> + 4. Accordingly, when he repeated his visit the day after, she + was more importunate than usual. At last, the old Indian + said. "I am a red man, and the pale faces are our enemies: + why should I speak?"—"But my husband and I are your + friends: you have eaten salt with us a thousand times, and my + children have sat on your knees as often. If you have + anything on your mind, tell it me."—"It will cost me my + life if it is known, and the white-faced women are not good + at keeping secrets," replied Naöman. + </p> + <p> + 5. "Try me, and see."—"Will you swear by your Great + Spirit that you will tell none but your husband?"—"I + have none else to tell."—"But will you swear?"—"I + do swear by our Great Spirit, I will tell none but my + husband."—"Not if my tribe should <i>kill you</i> for + not telling?"—"Not if your tribe should kill me for not + telling." + </p> + <p> + 6. Naöman then proceeded to tell her that, owing to some + encroachments of the white people below the mountains, his + tribe had become irritated, and were resolved that night to + massacre all the white settlers within their reach; that she + must send for her husband, inform him of the danger, and, as + secretly and speedily as possible, take their canoe and + paddle, with all haste, over the river to Fishkill for + safety. "Be quick, and do nothing that may excite suspicion," + said Naöman, as he departed. + </p> + <p> + 7. The good wife sought her husband, who was down on the + river fishing, told him the story, and, as no time was to be + lost, they proceeded to their boat, which was unluckily + filled with water. It took some time to clear it out, and, + meanwhile, Stacy recollected his gun, which had been left + behind. He proceeded to the house, and returned with it. All + this took up considerable time, and precious time it proved + to this poor family. + </p> + <p> + 8. The daily visits of old Naöman, and his more than + ordinary gravity, had excited suspicion in some of the tribe, + who had, accordingly, paid particular attention to the + movements of Stacy. One of the young Indians, who had been + kept on the watch, seeing the whole family about to take to + the boat, ran to the little Indian village, about a mile off, + and gave the alarm. Five Indians collected, ran down to the + river, where their canoes were moored, jumped in, and paddled + after Stacy, who, by this time, had got some distance out + into the stream. + </p> + <p> + 9. They gained on him so fast, that twice he dropped his + paddle, and took up his gun. But his wife prevented his + shooting by telling him that, if he fired, and they were + afterwards overtaken, they would meet with no mercy from the + Indians. He accordingly refrained, and plied his paddle till + the sweat rolled in big drops down his forehead. All would + not do; they were overtaken within a hundred yards from the + shore, and carried back with shouts of yelling triumph. + </p> + <p> + 10. When they got ashore, the Indians set fire to Stacy's + house, and dragged himself, his wife, and children, to their + village. Here the principal old men, and Naöman among + them, assembled to deliberate on the affair. The chief men of + the council stated that some of the tribe had, undoubtedly, + been guilty of treason, in apprising Stacy, the white man, of + the designs of the tribe, whereby they took the alarm, and + well-nigh escaped. + </p> + <p> + 11. He proposed to examine the prisoners, to learn who gave + the information. The old men assented to this, and + Naöman among the rest. Stacy was first interrogated by + one of the old men, who spoke English and interpreted to the + others. Stacy refused to betray his informant. His wife was + then questioned; while, at the same moment, two Indians stood + threatening the two children, with tomahawks, in case she did + not confess. + </p> + <p> + 12. She attempted to evade the truth, by declaring she had a + dream the night before, which alarmed her, and that she had + persuaded her husband to fly. "The Great Spirit never deigns + to talk in dreams to a white face," said the old Indian. + "Woman, thou hast two tongues, and two faces. Speak the + truth, or thy children shall surely die." The little boy and + girl were then brought close to her, and the two savages + stood over them, ready to execute their bloody orders. + </p> + <p> + 13. "Wilt thou name," said the old Indian, "the red man who + betrayed his tribe? I will ask thee three times." The mother + answered not. "Wilt thou name the traitor? This is the second + time." The poor mother looked at her husband, and then at her + children, and stole a glance at Naöman, who sat smoking + his pipe with invincible gravity. + </p> + <p> + 14. She wrung her hands, and wept; but remained silent. "Wilt + thou name the traitor? 'Tis the third and last time." The + agony of the mother waxed more bitter; again she sought the + eye of Naöman; but it was cold and motionless. A pause + of a moment awaited her reply, and the tomahawks were raised + over the heads of the children, who besought their mother not + to let them be murdered. + </p> + <p> + 15. "Stop!" cried Naöman. All eyes were turned upon him. + "Stop!" repeated he, in a tone of authority. "White woman, + thou hast kept thy word with me to the last moment. <i>I am + the traitor</i>. I have eaten of the salt, warmed myself at + the fire, shared the kindness, of these Christian white + people, and it was <i>I</i> that told them of their danger. I + am a withered, leafless, branchless trunk. Cut me down, if + you will: I am ready." + </p> + <p> + 16. A yell of indignation sounded on all sides. Naöman + descended from the little bank where he sat, shrouded his + face with his mantle of skins, and submitted to his fate. He + fell dead at the feet of the white woman by a blow of the + tomahawk. + </p> + <p> + 17. But the sacrifice of Naöman, and the firmness of the + Christian white woman, did not suffice to save the lives of + the other victims. They perished,—how, it is needless + to say; and the memory of their fate has been preserved in + the name of the pleasant stream, on whose banks they lived + and died, which, to this day, is called MURDERER'S CREEK. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. Where is Murderer's Creek? 2. What is + said of Naöman and Stacy's family? 3. Why did + Naöman, at first, refuse to tell Mrs. Stacy of her + danger? 4. Did Stacy's family make their escape? 5. Where + were they taken? 6. Did Mrs. Stacy tell who had informed her? + 7. What measures did the Indians adopt, to make her tell? + What did Naöman say? 9. What did the Indians do with + Naöman and Stacy's family? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson53"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LIII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + PER' IL OUS, hazardous; dangerous.<br> + DE FILES', narrow passages.<br> + PREC' I PIC ES, steep descents.<br> + SOL'I TUDE, lonely places.<br> + AM MU NI' TION, military stores, as powder, balls, + &c.<br> + DRA GOONS, mounted soldiers.<br> + SUM' MIT, top; highest point.<br> + AV A LANCHE', snow-slip.<br> + CROUCH' ED, cringed.<br> + AD VANCE', forward; proceed.<br> + BE NUMB' ED, deprived of feeling.<br> + EX PLOITS', heroic deeds.<br> + IL LUS' TRATES, explains; makes clear.<br> + HE RO'IC, brave; fearless.<br> + UN FLINCH'ING, determined; resolute.<br> + <br> + BAY' O NET, a short, pointed instrument of iron, or broad + dagger, fitted to the barrel of a gun. It is so called, + because the first bayonets were made at Bayonne, in France. + </div> + <h4> + NAPOLEON'S ARMY CROSSING THE ALPS. + </h4> + <p> + 1. When Napoleon was carrying war into Italy, he ordered one + of his officers, Marshal Macdonald, to cross the Splugen with + fifteen thousand soldiers, and join him on the plains below. + The Splugen is one of the four great roads which cross the + Alps from Switzerland to Italy. + </p> + <p> + 2. When Macdonald received the order, it was about the last + of November, and the winter storms were raging among the + mountain passes. It was a perilous undertaking, yet he must + obey; and the men began their terrible march through narrow + defiles and overhanging precipices, six thousand feet up, up + among the gloomy solitudes of the Alps. + </p> + <p> + 3. The cannon were placed on sleds drawn by oxen, and the + ammunition was packed on mules. First came the guides, + sticking their long poles in the snow, in order to find the + path; then came workmen to clear away the drifts; then the + dragoons, mounted on their most powerful horses, to beat down + the track; after which followed the main body of the army. + </p> + <p> + 4. They encountered severe storms and piercing cold. When + half-way up the summit, a rumbling noise was heard among the + cliffs. The guides looked at each other in alarm; for they + knew well what it meant. It grew louder and louder. "<i>An + avalanche! an avalanche!</i>" they shrieked, and the next + moment a field of ice and snow came leaping down the + mountain, striking the line of march, and sweeping thirty + dragoons in a wild plunge below. The black forms of the + horses and their riders were seen for an instant struggling + for life, and then they disappeared forever. + </p> + <p> + 5. The sight struck the soldiers with horror; they crouched + and shivered in the blast. Their enemy was not now flesh and + blood, but wild winter storms; swords and bayonets could not + defend them from the desolating avalanche. Flight or retreat + was hopeless; for all around lay the drifted snow, like a + vast winding-sheet. On they must go, or death was certain, + and the brave men struggled forward. + </p> + <p> + 6. "Soldiers!" exclaimed their commander, "you are called to + Italy; your general needs you. Advance and conquer, first the + mountain and the snow, then the plains and the enemy!" + Blinded by the winds, benumbed with the cold, and far beyond + the reach of aid, Macdonald and his men pressed on. Sometimes + a whole company of soldiers were suddenly swept away by an + avalanche. + </p> + <p> + 7. On one occasion, a poor drummer, crawling out from the + mass of snow, which had torn him from his comrades, began to + beat his drum for relief. The muffled sound came up from his + gloomy resting-place, and was heard by his brother soldiers; + but none could go to his rescue. For an hour, he beat + rapidly, then the strokes grew fainter, until they were heard + no more, and the poor drummer laid himself down to die. Two + weeks were occupied in this perilous march, and two hundred + men perished in the undertaking. + </p> + <p> + 8. This passage of the Splugen is one of the bravest exploits + in the history of Napoleon's generals, and illustrates the + truth of the proverb, "<i>Where there is a will there is a + way</i>." No one can read the heroic deeds of brave men + grappling with danger and death, without a feeling of respect + and admiration; but heroic deeds are always the fruit of + <i>toil</i> and <i>self-sacrifice</i>. <i>No one can + accomplish great things, unless he aims at great things, and + pursues that aim with unflinching courage and + perseverance.</i> + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What orders had Napoleon given to Marshal + Macdonald? 2. What time of year was it? 3. Describe the march + of the army over the Alps. 4. What disaster occurred to them? + 5. How did their commander address the army? 6 Describe the + drummer boy's fate. 7. How many men perished? 8. What does + this exploit of the army illustrate? 9. What is said of + heroic deeds? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson54"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LIV. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + PROV' ERBS, sayings; maxims.<br> + TRAC' ED, shown; marked out.<br> + WOO ERS, suitors; lovers.<br> + DENSE, close; thick.<br> + STRIV' ING, making efforts.<br> + CON TROL', restraint; government.<br> + COPE, strive; contend.<br> + DE FY' ING, daring; outbraving.<br> + GHOST, specter; apparition.<br> + RE LY' ING, trusting; depending.<br> + WIN' NING, getting; gaining.<br> + BRAM' BLES, prickly shrubs. + </div> + <h4> + WHERE THERE'S A WILL THERE'S A WAY. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + ELIZA COOK. + </p> + <pre> +1. We have faith in old proverbs full surely, + For wisdom has traced what they tell, + And truth may be drawn up as purely + From them, as it may from a "well." + Let us question the thinkers and doers, + And hear what they honestly say, + And you'll find they believe, like bold wooers, + In "<i>Where there's a WILL there's a WAY.</i>" +2. The hills have been high for man's mounting, + The woods have been dense for his ax, + The stars have been thick for his counting, + The sands have been wide for his tracks. + The sea has been deep for his diving, + The poles have been broad for his sway, + But bravely he's proved by his striving, + That "<i>Where there's a WILL there's a WAY.</i>" +3. Have ye vices that ask a destroyer, + Or passions that need your control? + Let Reason become your employer, + And your body be ruled by your soul. + Fight on, though ye bleed at the trial, + Resist with all strength that ye may, + Ye may conquer Sin's host by denial, + For, "<i>Where there's a WILL there's a WAY.</i>" +4. Have ye poverty's pinching to cope with'? + Does suffering weigh down your might'? + Only call up a spirit to hope with, + And dawn may come out of the night. + Oh! much may be done by defying + The ghost of Despair and Dismay, + And much may be gained by relying + On "<i>Where there's a WILL there's a WAY.</i>" +5. Should ye see afar off that worth winning, + Set out on a journey with trust, + And ne'er heed though your path at beginning + Should be among brambles and dust. + Though it is by footsteps ye do it, + And hardships may hinder and stay, + Keep a heart and be sure ye go through it, + For, "<i>Where there's a WILL there's a WAY.</i>" +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What is the meaning of this proverb, + "<i>Where there's a WILL there's a WAY?</i>" 2. What + instances can you mention in which its truth has been + realized? 3. Do you apply this proverb in getting your + lessons? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson55"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LV. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + TAL' IS MAN, charm; amulet.<br> + VAN, front or head of an army.<br> + FI' ER Y, ardent; passionate.<br> + PLUMES, supplies with feathers.<br> + TENSE' LY, tightly.<br> + SWERVES, deviates.<br> + DAUNT, frighten; terrify.<br> + BAN' ISH, expel; drive away.<br> + <br> + TEL EGRAPH,(TELE,<i>far off</i>; GRAPH, <i>writing or + marking</i>,) a machine to convey news far off. See SANDERS' + NEW SPELLER, p. 161, Ex. 419. + </div> + <h4> + "I CAN!" + </h4> + <pre> +1. "I CAN!" oh yes,—we <i>know</i> you can! + We read it in your eye; + There is a mystic talisman + Flashing all gloriously! + Speak it out boldly, let it ring, + There is a volume there, + There's meaning in the eagle's wing +<i>Then soar, and do, and dare!</i> +2. "I CAN!" climbs to the mountain top, + And plows the billowy main; + He lifts the hammer in the shop, + And drives the saw and plane; + He's fearless in the battle shock, + And always leads the van + Of young America's brave sons,— + They never quailed nor ran. +3. "I CAN!" He is a fiery youth, + And WILL a brother twin, + And, arm in arm, in love and truth. + They'll either die or win. + Shoulder to shoulder, ever ready, + All firm and fearless still + These brothers labor,—true and steady,— + "I CAN," and brave "I WILL." +4. "I CAN," e'en on his pleasure trips, + Travels by telegraph; + He plumes the snowy wing of ships, + And never works by half; + His music is the humming loom, + And shuttles are his dancers., + Then clear the way, and quick give room + For the noble-souled "I CAN," sirs! +5. "I CAN!" Indeed, we <i>know</i> you can! + 'Tis lithe in every limb, + To your blood 'tis a busy fan, + How can the flame burn dim? + It tensely draws your sturdy nerves,— + No bow's without a string, + And when nor bow nor bow-string swerves, + An arrow's on the wing. +6. There is a magic in the power + Of an unbending <i>will</i>, + That makes us stronger every hour, + For greater efforts still. + Then banish from you every CAN'T, + And show yourself a MAN, + And nothing will your purpose daunt, + Led by the brave "I CAN!" +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What does "<i>I can</i>" do? 2. Who is + called his twin brother? 3. What is said of an unbending + will? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson56"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LVI. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + CAS' ED, invested.<br> + ARM' OR, defensive arms.<br> + STORM' ING, taking by assault.<br> + AIR' Y, fanciful; visionary.<br> + FOR' TRESS, fort; strong-hold.<br> + DE TAIN', hinder; keep back.<br> + WEAP' ONS, instruments for defense, or offense.<br> + UN WOR' THY, undeserving.<br> + RE GRET', sorrow for the past.<br> + PHAN' TOM, specter; ghost-like.<br> + SCARCE' LY, hardly. + </div> + <h4> + NOW, TO-DAY. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + ADELAIDE A. PROCTER. + </p> + <pre> + 1. ARISE`! for the day is passing, + And you lie dreaming on; + Your brothers are cased in armor, + And forth to the fight are gone! + A place in the ranks awaits you; + Each man has some part to play; + The Past and the Future are nothing + In the face of stern TO-DAY. + 2. ARISE from your dreams of the Future,— + Of gaining some hard-fought field, + Of storming some airy fortress, + Or bidding some giant yield; + Your Future has deeds of glory, + Of honor, (God grant it may!) + But your arm will never be stronger, + Or needed as <i>now</i>,—TO-DAY. + 3. ARISE`! if the Past detain you, + Her sunshine and storms forget; + No chains so unworthy to hold you + As those of a vain regret; + Sad or bright, she is lifeless ever; + Cast her phantom arms away, + Nor look back, save to learn the lesson + Of a nobler strife TO-DAY. + 4. ARISE`! for the day is passing; + The sound that you scarcely hear, + Is the enemy marching to battle! +(<i>f</i>.) <i>Rise</i>`! RISE`! for the foe is near! + Stay not to sharpen your weapons, + Or the hour will strike at last, + When, from dreams of a coming battle, + You may wake to find it past! +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What reasons are assigned why we should + arouse to effort <i>now, to-day?</i> 2. What rule for the + falling inflection on <i>arise?</i> See Rule VIII., page 33. + 3. How, according to the notation mark, should the last verse + be read? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson57"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LVII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + REV O LU' TION, change of government.<br> + FAN' CI ED, thought; imagined,<br> + UN GEN' ER OUS, mean; ignoble.<br> + AC KNOWL' EDG ED, owned.<br> + PLOT' TING, planning; contriving.<br> + DE SIGN', purpose; intention.<br> + COR RE SPOND' ENCE, intercourse by letters.<br> + CON' QUEST, victory.<br> + IN' TER VIEW, meeting; conference.<br> + SOL' I TA RY, lonely; retired.<br> + CON GRAT' U LA TING, rejoicing with.<br> + IS' SU ED, started up; come forth.<br> + SUS PECT' ING, mistrusting.<br> + DE TECT' ED, exposed; found out.<br> + A' MI A BLE, lovely; agreeable.<br> + FEL' ON, criminal.<br> + <br> + CON' SE QUENCE, (CON, <i>with</i>; SEQUENCE, <i>a + following</i>,) a following with, as an effect, or + result.<br> + <br> + IM PRESS' IVE, (IM, <i>in</i>; PRESS, <i>to bear upon</i>; + IVE, <i>tending to</i>,) tending to press in, or upon; + producing an effect.<br> + <br> + IN VOLV' ED, (IN, <i>in</i>; VOLVED, <i>rolled</i>,) rolled + in; enveloped. + </div> + <h4> + THE CAPTURE OF MAJOR ANDRE. + </h4> + <p> + 1. One of the saddest events in the history of the American + Revolution is the <i>treason of Arnold</i>, and, in + consequence of it, <i>the death of Major Andre</i>. Arnold + was an officer in the American army, who, though brave, had a + proud and impatient spirit. + </p> + <p> + 2. He fancied he had not all the honor and the pay due for + his services, and, having plunged himself into debt by his + expensive style of living, these things soured his heart; + and, as is the case with ungenerous minds, he never + acknowledged a fault, or forgave an injury. More than this, + he sought revenge against his countrymen by plotting + <i>treason against his country</i>. + </p> + <p> + 3. Soon after forming this bad design, he opened a secret + correspondence with the English General, Henry Clinton, and, + at the same time, asked General Washington to give him the + command of West Point, an important post on the Hudson river. + Washington let him have it, and this he determined to betray + into the hands of the enemy, provided he could make out of it + a good bargain for himself. + </p> + <p> + 4. He wrote to General Clinton what he would do, and asked to + have a secret interview with some English officer, in order + to agree upon the terms. General Clinton was delighted; for + he thought an army divided against itself, must prove an easy + conquest; and he asked Major Andre, a gallant young officer, + to meet Arnold, and settle the price of his treason. + </p> + <p> + 5. Andre did not wish to engage in such business; but he + obeyed, and went up the Hudson in an English sloop-of-war for + this purpose. Arnold agreed to meet him at a certain spot, + and when night came on, sent a little boat to bring him + ashore. He landed at the foot of a mountain called the Long + Clove, on the western side of the river, a few miles from + Haverstraw, where he found the traitor hid in a clump of + bushes. + </p> + <p> + 6. Little did poor Andre foresee the fatal consequences of + this step. All that still star-light night they sat and + talked; daylight came, and the business was not concluded. + Arnold dismissed the boatmen, and led his companion to a + solitary farm-house on the river's bank, where the papers + were finally drawn up, and hid in one of Andre's stockings. + Andre felt how exposed he was to danger in the enemy's + country, and heartily wished himself back to the sloop. + </p> + <p> + 7. Forced now, however, to go by land, Arnold gave him a pass + to go through the American lines; and, at sunset, he set off, + on horseback, with a guide. They crossed the river, and, + getting along on their dangerous journey with but few alarms, + the guide left the next morning, and Andre rode briskly on, + congratulating himself upon leaving all dangers behind, for + he was rapidly nearing the English lines, when there was a + loud shout, "<i>Stand!</i> HALT!" and three men [Footnote: + Paulding, Williams, and Van Wart.] issued from the woods, one + seizing the bridle, and the others presenting their guns. + </p> + <p> + 8. Andre told them he had a pass to White Plains, on urgent + business from General Arnold, and begged them not to detain + him; but the men, suspecting that all was not right, began to + search him; and, hauling off his boots, they discovered his + papers in his stockings. + </p> + <p> + 9. Finding himself detected, he offered them any sum of + money, if they would let him go. "No;" answered the sturdy + men, "not if you would give us ten thousand guineas;" for, + though poor, they were above selling their country at any + price. Andre was sent a prisoner to General Washington's + camp. Arnold, on learning the news of his capture, + immediately fled from West Point, and made his escape to the + English sloop. + </p> + <p> + 10. According to the rules of war, poor Andre was sentenced + to the death of a spy. Great efforts were made to save him. + General Clinton offered a large sum to redeem him. So young, + so amiable, so gallant, and to meet a felon's doom! but, in + ten days he was hung. + </p> + <p> + 11. Arnold lived; but, with the thirty thousand + dollars—the price of his treachery—he lived a + miserable man, despised even by those who bought him. And one + impressive lesson which the story teaches, is, that <i>the + consequences of guilt do not fall alone on the guilty + man;</i> others are often involved in distress, disgrace, and + ruin. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What is one of the saddest events in the + history of the American Revolution? 2. Who was Arnold? 3. + What reason is assigned why he plotted treason against his + country? 4. What measures did he adopt to do this? 5. With + whom, and where did he make the agreement? 6. By whom was + Andre detected? 7. What became of Andre and Arnold? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson58"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LVIII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + SE CUR' ED, obtained.<br> + HES' I TA TED, paused.<br> + MIS' ER A BLE, wretched.<br> + SUP' PLI ANT, petitioner; beggar.<br> + PECUL' IAR, singular; remarkable.<br> + IN DIC' A TIVE, showing; intimating.<br> + SO LIC' IT ED, asked; requested.<br> + COS TUME', mode of dress.<br> + VIG' OR OUS, stout; strong.<br> + SYN' O NYM, a word meaning the same as some other word.<br> + IN' FA MY, utter disgrace. + </div> + <p> + [Headnote 1: TAL' LEY RAND, a distinguished French statesman, + was born Feb. 13th, 1754. He died May 20th, 1838.] + </p> + <h4> + BENEDICT ARNOLD. + </h4> + <p> + 1. There was a day when Talleyrand[Headnote 1] arrived in + Havre, direct from Paris. It was the darkest hour of the + French Revolution. Pursued by the blood-hounds of the Reign + of Terror, stripped of every wreck of property or power, + Talleyrand secured a passage to America, in a ship about to + sail. He was a beggar and a wanderer in a strange land, to + earn his bread by daily labor. + </p> + <p> + 2. "Is there an American staying at your house?" he asked the + landlord of the hotel. "I am bound to cross the water, and + should like a letter to a person of influence in the New + World." The landlord hesitated a moment, then replied: "There + is a gentleman up-stairs, either from America or Britain; but + whether an American or an Englishman, I can not tell." + </p> + <p> + 3. He pointed the way, and Talleyrand, who, in his life, was + Bishop, Prince, and Prime Minister, ascended the stairs. A + miserable suppliant, he stood before the stranger's door, + knocked, and entered. In the far corner of the dimly-lighted + room, sat a man of some fifty years, his arms folded, and his + head bowed on his breast. From a window directly opposite, a + faint light rested on his forehead. + </p> + <p> + 4. His eyes looked from beneath the downcast brows, and gazed + on Talleyrand's face with a peculiar and searching + expression. His face was striking in outline,—the mouth + and chin indicative of an iron will. His form, vigorous, even + with the snows of fifty winters, was clad in a dark, but rich + and distinguished costume. + </p> + <p> + 5. Talleyrand advanced, stated that he was a fugitive; and, + under the impression that the gentleman before him was an + American, he solicited his kind and generous offices. He + related his history in eloquent French and broken English. + </p> + <p> + 6. "I am a wanderer, and an exile. I am forced to flee to the + New World, without a friend or home. You are an American! + Give me, then, I beseech you, a letter of yours, so that I + may be able to earn my bread. I am willing to toil in any + manner; the scenes of Paris have seized me with such horror, + that a life of labor would be a paradise to a career of + luxury in France. You will give me a letter to one of your + friends? A gentleman like yourself has, doubtless, many + friends." + </p> + <p> + 7. The strange gentleman rose. With a look that Talleyrand + never forgot, he retreated to the door of the next + chamber,—his eyes looking still from beneath his + darkened brow. He spoke as he retreated backward,—his + voice was full of meaning. "I am the only man born in the New + World, who can raise his hand to God and say, I have not a + friend, not one, in all America!" Talleyrand never forgot the + overwhelming sadness of that look which accompanied these + words. + </p> + <p> + 8. "Who are you?" he cried, as the strange man retreated to + the next room: "your name?" "My name," he replied, with a + smile that had more of mockery than joy in its convulsive + expression,—"my name is Benedict Arnold!" He was gone: + Talleyrand sank into his chair, gasping the words, "ARNOLD, + THE TRAITOR!" + </p> + <p> + 9. Thus, you see, he wandered over the earth another Cain, + with the wanderer's mark upon his brow. Even in that secluded + room, in that inn at Havre, his crimes found him out, and + forced him to tell his name: that name the synonym of infamy. + The last twenty years of his life are covered with a cloud, + from whose darkness but a few gleams of light flash out upon + the page of history. + </p> + <p> + 10. The manner of his death is not exactly known; but we can + not doubt that he died utterly friendless,—that remorse + pursued him to the grave, whispering "John Andre" in his + ear,—and that the memory of his course of infamy gnawed + like a canker at his heart, murmuring forever, "True to your + country, what might you have been, O ARNOLD, THE TRAITOR!" + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. Who was Talleyrand? 2. Why was he obliged + to flee from Paris? 3. Whom did he seek at Havre? 4. Why did + he wish to see the stranger? 5. Describe the appearance of + this stranger. 6. What did he say to Talleyrand? 7. Who did + the stranger prove to be? 8. What is said of Arnold? 9. Where + is Havre? 10. Where is Paris? 11. What is meant by <i>New + World</i>? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson59"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LIX. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + LO CO MO' TIVE, steam-engine to propel rail-cars.<br> + COL LIS' ION, (<i>s</i> like <i>zh</i>,) shock; violent + contact.<br> + EN GIN EER', one who manages an engine.<br> + PRE CIP' I TA TED, thrown headlong.<br> + RE-EN FORCE' MENTS, additional forces.<br> + OB' STI NATE, unyielding.<br> + CORPS, (<i>kore</i>,) body of troops.<br> + BANK' RUPT CY, insolvency.<br> + E NOR' MOUS, immense; very large.<br> + AS' SETS, amounts due.<br> + RE MIT' TANCE, money remitted.<br> + PRE SERV' ED, secured; saved.<br> + MA TU' RI TY, time of payment.<br> + RE PRIEVE', respite.<br> + IN SOLV' ENT, one unable to pay his debts.<br> + PROV O CA' TION, incitement to anger.<br> + IG NO MIN' I OUS, disgraceful.<br> + SAC RI FIC' ED, (<i>c</i> like <i>z</i>,) thrown away. + </div> + <h4> + BEHIND TIME. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + FREEMAN HUNT. + </p> + <p> + 1. A railroad train was rushing along at almost lightning + speed. A curve was just ahead, beyond which was a station, at + which the cars usually passed each other. The conductor was + late,—so late that the period during which the down + train was to wait, had nearly elapsed: but he hoped yet to + pass the curve safely. Suddenly, a locomotive dashed into + sight right ahead. In an instant, there was a collision. A + shriek, a shock, and fifty souls were in eternity; and all + because an engineer had been <i>behind time</i>. + </p> + <p> + 2. A great battle was going on. Column after column had been + precipitated for eight mortal hours on the enemy posted along + the ridge of a hill. The summer sun was sinking to the west; + re-enforcements for the obstinate defenders were already in + sight; it was necessary to carry the position with one final + charge, or every thing would be lost. A powerful corps had + been summoned from across the country, and, if it came up in + season, all would yet be right. The great conqueror, + confident in its arrival, formed his reserve into an + attacking column, and led them down the hill. The whole world + knows the result. Grouchy [Footnote: Pronounced <i>Groo' + shee</i>.] failed to appear; the imperial guard was beaten + back; Waterloo was lost. Napoleon died a prisoner at St. + Helena, because one of his marshals was <i>behind time</i>. + </p> + <p> + 3. A leading firm, in commercial circles had long struggled + against bankruptcy. As it had enormous assets in California, + it expected remittances by a certain day; and if the sums + promised arrived, its credit, its honor, and its future + prosperity would be preserved. But week after week elapsed + without bringing the gold. At last, came the fatal day on + which the firm had bills maturing to enormous amounts. The + steamer was telegraphed at daybreak; but it was found on + inquiry that she brought no funds; and the house failed. The + next arrival brought nearly half a million to the insolvents, + but it was too late; they were ruined, because their agent, + in remitting, had been <i>behind time</i>. + </p> + <p> + 4. A condemned man was led out for execution, he had taken + human life, but under circumstances of the greatest + provocation, and public sympathy was active in his behalf. + Thousands had signed petitions for a reprieve, a favorable + answer had been expected the night before, and, though it had + not come, even the sheriff felt confident that it would yet + arrive in season. Thus the morning passed without the + appearance of the messenger. The last moment was up. The + prisoner took his place on the drop, the cap was drawn over + his eyes, the bolt was drawn, and a lifeless body hung + suspended in the air. Just at that moment a horseman came + into sight, galloping down the hill, his steed covered with + foam. He carried a packet in his right hand, which he waved + to the crowd. He was the express rider with the reprieve. But + he had come too late. A comparatively innocent man had died + an ignominious death, because a watch had been five minutes + too slow, making its bearer arrive <i>behind time</i>. + </p> + <p> + 5. It is continually so in life. The best laid plans, the + most important affairs, the fortunes of individuals, the + wealth of nations, honor, happiness, life itself, are daily + sacrificed because somebody is "behind time." There are men + who always fail in whatever they undertake, simply because + they are "behind time." Five minutes in a crisis are worth + years. It is but a little period, yet it has often saved a + fortune, or redeemed a people. If there is one virtue that + should be cultivated more than another by him who would + succeed in life, it is <i>punctuality</i>; if there is one + error that should be avoided, it is being <i>behind time</i>. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What sad results are mentioned, in + consequence of being <i>behind time?</i> 2. What virtue + should be cultivated, and what error avoided? 3. What is the + use of the hyphen in the word <i>re-enforcements?</i> See + SANDERS' NEW SPELLER, page 165. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson60"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LX. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + TWIN' ED, interwoven.<br> + GAR' LAND, wreath of flowers.<br> + MUS' ED, thought; meditated.<br> + AN TIQUE', (<i>an teek'</i>,) ancient.<br> + MOLD, shape; form.<br> + RARE, scarce; seldom seen.<br> + SOOTH ED, calmed; quieted.<br> + THROB' BED, beat; palpitated.<br> + CO' ZY, snug; comfortable.<br> + EBB' ED, flowed back.<br> + JOUR' NEY, travel.<br> + LONG' ING, earnestly desiring.<br> + TIE, bond of affection.<br> + RIV' EN, torn asunder. + </div> + <h4> + "HOW HAPPY I'LL BE." + </h4> + <pre> +1. A little girl sat amid the flowers, + In the blush and bloom of childhood's hours; + She twined the buds in a garland fair, + And bound them up in her shining hair: + "Ah, me!" said she, "<i>how happy I'll be</i>, + When ten years more have gone over me, + And I am a maiden with youth's bright glow + Flushing my cheek, and lighting my brow!" +2. A maiden mused in a pleasant room, + Where the air was filled with a soft perfume; + Vases were near of antique mold, + And beautiful pictures, rare and old; + And she, amid all the beauty there, + Was by far the loveliest and most fair. + "Ah, me!" said she, "<i>how happy I'll be</i>, + When my heart's own choice comes back to me, + When I proudly stand by my dear one's side, + With the thrilling joy of a youthful bride!" +3. A mother bent o'er the cradle nest + Where she soothed her babe to his smiling rest; + She watched the sleep of her cherub-boy, + And her spirit throbbed with exulting joy. + "Ah, me!" said she, "<i>how happy I'll be</i>, + When he reaches manhood, proud and free, + And the world bows down, in its rapture wild, + It the earnest words of my darling child!" +4. An aged one sat by the cozy hearth, + Counting life's sands as they ebbed from earth; + Feeble and frail; the race she run + Had borne her along to the setting sun. + "Ah, me!" said she, "<i>how happy I'll be</i>, + When from time's long fever my soul is free, + When the world fades out with its weary strife, + And I soar away to a better life!" +5. 'Tis thus we journey from youth to age, + Longing to turn to another page, + Striving to hasten the years away, + Lighting our hearts with the future's ray, + Hoping on earth till its visions fade, + Wishing and waiting, through sun and shade, + But turning, when earth's last tie is riven, + To the beautiful rest of a fadeless Heaven. +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. When did the little girl think she would + be happy? 2. What did she say when she became old? 3. What + are we constantly expecting from youth to age? 4. What is the + meaning of the suffix <i>ing</i>, in such words as + <i>longing, striving, lighting</i>, &c.? See SANDERS + & McELLIGOTT'S ANALYSIS, page 134, Ex. 176. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson61"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXI. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + VET' ER AN, old soldier.<br> + GRASP' ED, seized hold of.<br> + AN' CIENT, old.<br> + MUR' MUR, ED, uttered in a low voice.<br> + IM MOR' TAL, imperishable.<br> + RAG' ED, was furious.<br> + RE MAIN', still exists.<br> + SIRE, father.<br> + LIGHT' EN ED, (EN, <i>make</i>; ED, <i>did</i>,) did make + light. + </div> + <h4> + THE SWORD OF BUNKER HILL. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + WILLIAM R. WALLACE. + </p> + <pre> +1. He lay upon his dying bed, +(<i>pl.</i>) His eye was growing dim, + When, with a feeble voice, he called + His weeping son to him: + "Weep not, my boy," the veteran said, + "I bow to Heaven's high will; + But quickly from yon antlers bring, + The sword of Bunker Hill." +2. The sword was brought; the soldier's eye + Lit with a sudden flame; + And, as he grasped the ancient blade, + He murmured Warren's[1] name; + Then said, "My boy, I leave you gold, + But what is richer still, + I leave you, mark me, mark me, now, + The sword of Bunker Hill. +3. "'Twas on that dread, immortal day, + I dared the Briton's band, + A captain raised his blade on me, + I tore it from his hand; + And while the glorious battle raged, + It lightened Freedom's will; + For, boy, the God of Freedom blessed + The sword of Bunker Hill. +4. "Oh! keep this sword," his accents broke,— + A smile—and he was dead; + But his wrinkled hand still grasped the blade, + Upon that dying bed. + The son remains, the sword remains, + Its glory growing still, + And twenty millions bless the sire + And sword of Bunker Hill. +</pre> + <p> + [Footnote 1: General Warren, a brave and valuable officer, + fell by a musket-ball, while fighting the British at Bunker's + Hill, June 17th, 1775.] + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What request did the old veteran make of + his son? 2. What bequest did he make to him? 3. How did he + obtain that sword? 4. What did he say to his son? 5. Who was + Warren? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson62"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + LE' GEND, fictitious narrative.<br> + MOR' TAL, deadly.<br> + COM' BAT, battle; conflict.<br> + PRI ME' VAL, first; primitive.<br> + MUS' CU LAR, strong; vigorous.<br> + CA DAV' ER OUS, pale; sickly.<br> + REF U GEE', runaway; fugitive.<br> + QUAR' TER, mercy; indulgence.<br> + PIN' ION ED, confined; shackled.<br> + A BYSS', yawning gulf.<br> + PRO POS' AL, offer; proposition.<br> + DI SHEV' EL ED, disordered.<br> + IM BO' SOM ED, surrounded; inclosed.<br> + CON FESS' ED, owned; acknowledged.<br> + RE LENT' ING, pitying; compassionate.<br> + RAN' DOM, venture.<br> + SU PER STI' TION, false religious belief.<br> + A VENGE', take satisfaction for.<br> + UN CON' SCIOUS, unaware.<br> + SUB LIM' I TY, grandeur. + </div> + <h4> + THE BIBLE LEGEND OF THE WIS SA HI' KON. + </h4> + <p style="text-align:right;"> + LIPPARD. + </p> + <p> + 1. It was here in the wilds of the Wis sa hi' kon, on the day + of battle, as the noonday sun came shining through the + thickly clustered leaves, that two men met in mortal combat. + They grappled in deadly conflict near a rock that rose, like + the huge wreck of some primeval world, at least one hundred + feet above the dark waters of the Wis sa hi'kon. + </p> + <p> + 2. That man with the dark brow and the darker gray + eye,—with the muscular form, clad in the blue + hunting-frock of the Revolution,—is a Continental, + named Warner. His brother was murdered at the massacre of + Pao'li. That <i>other</i> man, with long black hair drooping + along his cadaverous face, is clad in the half-military + costume of a Tory refugee. <i>That</i> is the murderer of + Pao'li, named Dabney. + </p> + <p> + 3. They had met there in the woods by accident; and now they + fought, not with sword or rifle, but with long and deadly + hunting-knives, that flash in the light as they go turning, + and twining, and twisting over the green-sward. At last, the + Tory is down!—down on the green-sward, with the knee of + the Continental upon his breast,—that up-raised knife + quivering in the light,—that dark-gray eye flashing + death into his face! + </p> + <p> + 4. "Quarter! I yield!" gasped the Tory, as the knee was + pressed upon his breast. "Spare me!—I yield!" + </p> + <p> + 5. "<i>My</i> brother," said the patriot soldier, in a low + tone of deadly hate,—"<i>My</i> brother cried for + quarter on the night of Pa o' li, and, even as he clung to + your knees, you struck that knife into his heart. Oh, I will + give you the quarter of Pa o' li!" And his hand was raised + for the blow, and his teeth were clinched in deadly hate. He + paused for a moment, and then pinioned the Tory's arms, and, + with one rapid stride, dragged him to the verge of the rock, + and held him quivering over the abyss. + </p> + <p> + 6. "Mercy!" gasped the Tory, turning black and ashy by turns, + as that awful gulf yawned below. "<i>Mercy! I have a wife! a + child! spare me!</i>" + </p> + <p> + 7. Then the Continental, with his muscular strength gathered + for the effort, shook the murderer once more over the abyss, + and then hissed this bitter sneer between his + teeth,—"<i>My brother had a wife and two children</i>. + The morning after the night of Pa o' li, that wife was a + widow,—those children were orphans! Would not you like + to go and beg your life of that widow and her children?" + </p> + <p> + 8. The proposal, made by the Continental in the mere mockery + of hate, was taken in serious earnest by the horror-stricken + Tory. He begged to be taken to the widow and her children, to + have the pitiful privilege of begging his life. After a + moment's serious thought, the patriot soldier consented. He + bound the Tory's arms yet tighter, placed him on the rock + again, and then led him up the woods. A quiet cottage, + imbosomed among the trees, broke on their eyes. + </p> + <p> + 9. They entered that cottage. There, beside the desolate + hearth-stone, sat the widow and her children. She was a + matronly woman of about thirty years, with a face faded by + care, a deep, dark eye, and long, disheveled hair about her + shoulder. On one side was a dark-haired boy, of some six + years; on the other, a little girl, one year younger, with + light hair and blue eyes. The Bible, an old, venerable + volume, lay open on that mother's lap. + </p> + <p> + 10. And then that pale-faced Tory flung himself on his knees, + confessed that he had butchered her husband on the night of + Pa o'li, but begged his life at her hands! <i>"Spare me, for + the sake of my wife—my child!"</i> He had expected that + his pitiful moan would touch the widow's heart; but not one + relenting gleam softened her pale face. + </p> + <p> + 11. "The Lord shall judge between us!" she said in a cold, + icy tone, that froze the murderer's heart. "Look! The Bible + lies open before me. I will close that volume, and then this + boy shall open it, and place his finger at random upon a + line, and by <i>that line</i> you shall live or die!" This + was a strange proposal, made in full faith of a wild and dark + superstition of the olden time. For a moment, the Tory, + kneeling there, livid as ashes, was wrapt in thought. Then, + in a faltering voice, he signified his consent. + </p> + <p> + 12. Raising her dark eyes to heaven, the mother prayed the + Great Father to direct the finger of her son. She closed the + book, and handed it to that boy, whose young cheek reddened + with loathing as he gazed upon his father's murderer. He took + the Bible, opened its holy pages at random, and placed his + fingers upon a verse. + </p> + <p> + 13. Then there was a silence. That Continental soldier, who + had sworn to avenge his brother's death, stood there with + dilating eyes and parted lips. Then the culprit, kneeling on + the floor, with a face like discolored clay, felt his heart + leap to his throat. Then, in a clear, bold voice, the widow + read this line from the Old Testament. It was short, yet + terrible: "<i>That man shall die!</i>" + </p> + <p> + 14. Look! The brother springs forward to plunge a knife into + the murderer's heart; but the Tory, pinioned as he is, begs + that one more trial may be made by the little + girl,—that child of five years, with golden hair and + laughing eyes. The widow consents. There is an awful pause. + With a smile in her eye, without knowing what she does, the + little girl opens the Bible,—she turns her laughing + face away,—she places her fingers upon the page. + </p> + <p> + 15. That awful silence grows deeper. The deep-drawn breath of + the brother, and the broken gasps of the murderer, alone + disturb the stillness. The widow and dark-eyed boy are + breathless. That little girl, unconscious as she was, caught + a feeling of awe from the countenances around her, and stood + breathless, her face turned aside, and her tiny fingers + resting on that line of life or death. At last, gathering + courage, the widow bent her eyes on the page, and read. It + was a line from the New Testament: "LOVE YOUR ENEMIES." Ah! + that moment was sublime! + </p> + <p> + 16. Oh, awful Book of God! in whose dread pages we see Job + talking face to face with Jehovah, or Jesus waiting by + Samaria's well, or wandering by the waves of dark Galilee! + Oh, awful Book! shining to-night, as I speak, the light of + that widow's home,—the glory of the mechanic's + shop,—shining where the world comes not, to look on the + last night of the convict in his cell, lightening the way to + God, even over that dread gibbet! + </p> + <p> + 17. Oh, Book of terrible majesty and child-like + love,—for sublimity that crushes the soul into + awe,—of beauty that melts the heart with rapture! you + never shone more strangely beautiful than there in the lonely + cot of the Wissa hi'kon, where you saved the murderer's life. + For,—need I tell you?—<i>that murderer's life was + saved</i>. That widow recognized the finger of God, and even + the stern brother was awed into silence. The murderer went + his way. + </p> + <p> + 18. Now look ye, how wonderful are the ways of Heaven! That + very night, as the widow sat by her lonely hearth, her + orphans by her side,—sat there with a crushed heart and + hot eye-balls, thinking of her husband, who, she supposed, + now lay moldering on the blood-drenched soil of Pa o' + li,—there was a tap at the door. She opened it, and + that husband, living, though covered with wounds, was in her + arms! He had fallen at Pa o' li, but not in death. <i>He was + alive</i>,—his wife lay panting on his breast. That + night there was a prayer in that wood-embowered cot of the + Wis sa hi' kon. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What two men are said to have engaged in + deadly combat? 2. Which gained the mastery? 3. What did the + patriot soldier say to the Tory, when he cried, + <i>Quarter</i>? 4. What, when the Tory told him he had a wife + and child? 5. What proposal was made to him? 6. How was his + fate to be decided? 7. Was his life spared? 8. What proved + the justice of the decision? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson63"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXIII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + VES' TI BULE, porch, entrance.<br> + VI' BRATE, move to and fro.<br> + IM MOR' TALS, undying creatures.<br> + MON' U MENTS, memorials.<br> + A CHIEVE', accomplish.<br> + MU TA BLE, changeable.<br> + IM MOR TAL' I TY, deathless existence.<br> + IL LU' MIN ATE, enlighten.<br> + UN DER STAND' ING, intellect.<br> + RE AL' I TIES, truths; facts.<br> + AS SAULTS', violent attacks.<br> + DE SER' TION, abandonment.<br> + IN EX HAUST' I BLE, never-failing.<br> + CHAR' TER, title; deed. + </div> + <h4> + ADVICE TO THE YOUNG. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + E.H. CHAPIN. + </p> + <p> + 1. Young friends', in whatever pursuits you may engage, you + must not forget that the lawful objects of human efforts, are + but means to higher results and nobler ends. Start not + forward in life with the idea of becoming mere seekers of + pleasure,—sportive butterflies searching for gaudy + flowers. Consider and act with reference to the true ends of + existence. + </p> + <p> + 2. This world is but the vestibule of an immortal life. Every + action of your life touches on some chord that will vibrate + in eternity. These thoughts and motives within you, stir the + pulses of a deathless spirit. Act not, then, as mere + creatures of this life, who, for a little while, are to walk + the valleys and the hills, to enjoy the sunshine and to + breathe the air, and then pass away and be no more; but + <i>act</i> as immortals, with an <i>aim</i> and a + <i>purpose</i> worthy of your high nature. + </p> + <p> + 3. Set before you, as the chief object to be obtained, an + <i>end</i> that is superior to any on earth,—<i>a + desirable end</i>, A PERFECT END. Labor to accomplish a work + which shall survive unchanged and beautiful, when time shall + have withered the garland of youth, when thrones of power and + monuments of art shall have crumbled into ashes; and, + finally, aim to achieve something, which, when these our + mutable and perishing voices are hushed forever, shall live + amid the songs and triumphs of IMMORTALITY. + </p> + <p> + 4. Well will it be for you, if you have a <i>guide</i> + within, which will aid you in every issue which will arm you + in every temptation, and comfort you in every sorrow. + Consult, then, that Volume whose precepts will never fail + you. Consult it with a deep aspiration after the true and + good, and it shall illuminate your understanding with divine + realities. + </p> + <p> + 5. Open your soul, and it shall breathe into it a holy + influence, and fill all its wants. Bind it close to your + heart; it will be a shield against all the assaults of evil. + Read it in the lonely hour of desertion; it will be the best + of companions. Open it when the voyage of life is troubled'; + it is a sure chart. Study it in poverty'; it will unhoard to + you inexhaustible riches. Commune with it in sickness'; it + contains the medicine of the soul. Clasp it when dying'; IT + IS THE CHARTER OF IMMORTALITY. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What ought we not to forget? 2. How ought + the world to be regarded? 3. How ought we to act and labor? + 4. What ought we to consult? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson64"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXIV. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + IN TREP' ID, brave; heroic.<br> + BE TO' KEN ED, showed; indicated.<br> + E LAS' TIC, springy; agile.<br> + AT' TI TUDE, posture; position.<br> + UN' DER GROWTH, shrubbery.<br> + CON FRONT', stand before.<br> + CA TAS' TRO PHE, disaster; calamity.<br> + DE TER' RED, hindered; prevented.<br> + HUR' RI CANE, violent tempest.<br> + BUF' FET ING, beating with the hands.<br> + ATH LET' IC, strong; powerful.<br> + MI RAC' U LOUS, wonderful.<br> + TRE MEN DOUS, terrible; frightful.<br> + DES' PE RATE, rash; furious.<br> + IN VOL' UN TA RY, spontaneous.<br> + CAT' A RACT, waterfall.<br> + RE SUS' CI TATE, revive; bring to life.<br> + CH AR' AC TER IZ ED, distinguished. + </div> + <h4> + THE INTREPID YOUTH. + </h4> + <p> + 1. It was a calm, sunny day in the year 1750; the scene, a + piece of forest land in the north of Virginia, near a noble + stream of water. Implements of surveying were lying about, + and several men reclining under the trees, betokened, by + their dress and appearance, that they composed a party + engaged in laying out the wild lands of the country. + </p> + <p> + 2. These persons had apparently just finished their dinner. + Apart from the group, walked a young man of a tall and + compact frame, and moved with the elastic tread of one + accustomed to constant exercise in the open air. His + countenance wore a look of decision and manliness not usually + found in one so young, for he was apparently little over + eighteen years of age. His hat had been cast off, as if for + comfort, and he had paused, with one foot advanced, in a + graceful and natural attitude. + </p> + <p> + 3. Suddenly there was a shriek, then another, and several in + rapid succession. The voice was that of a woman, and seemed + to proceed from the other side of a dense thicket. At the + first scream, the youth turned his head in the direction of + the sound; but when it was repeated, he pushed aside the + undergrowth which separated him from it, and, quickening his + footsteps, as the cries succeeded each other in alarming + rapidity, he soon dashed into an open space on the banks of + the stream, where stood a rude log-cabin. + </p> + <p> + 4. As the young man broke from the undergrowth, he saw his + companions crowded together on the banks of the river, while + in the midst stood the woman, from whom proceeded the + shrieks, held back by two of the men, but struggling + vigorously for freedom. It was but the work of a moment for + the young man to make his way through the crowd and confront + the female. The instant her eye fell on him, she exclaimed, + "Oh! sir, you will do something for me. Make them release + me,—for the love of God! <i>My boy,—my poor boy + is drowning, and they will not let me go!"</i> "It would be + madness; she will jump into the river," said one, "and the + rapids would dash her to pieces in a moment!" + </p> + <p> + 5. The youth had scarcely waited for these words, for he + recollected the child, a bold little boy of four years old, + whose beautiful blue eyes and flaxen ringlets made him a + favorite with all who knew him. He had been accustomed to + play in the little inclosure before the cabin, but the gate + having been left open, he had stolen incautiously out, + reached the edge of the bank, and was in the act of looking + over, when his mother saw him. + </p> + <p> + 6. The shriek she uttered only hastened the catastrophe she + feared; for the child, frightened at the cry of its mother, + lost its balance, and fell into the stream, which here went + foaming and roaring along amid innumerable rocks, + constituting the most dangerous rapids known in that section + of the country. Scream now followed scream in rapid + succession, as the agonized mother rushed to the bank. + </p> + <p> + 7. The party we left reclining in the shade within a few + steps of the accident, were immediately on the spot. + Fortunate it was that they were so near, else the mother + would have jumped in after her child, and both been lost. + Several of the men approached the brink, and were on the + point of springing in after the child, when the sight of the + sharp rocks crowding the channel, the rush and whirl of the + waters, and the want of any knowledge where to look for the + boy, deterred them, and they gave up the enterprise. + </p> + <p> + 8. Not so with the noble youth. His first work was to throw + off his coat; next to spring to the edge of the bank. Here he + stood for a moment, running his eyes rapidly over the scene + below, taking with a glance the different currents and the + most dangerous of the rocks, in order to shape his course + when in the stream. He had scarcely formed his conclusion, + when he saw in the water a white object, which he knew to be + the boy's dress, and he plunged into the wild and roaring + rapids. + </p> + <p> + 9. <i>"Thank God, he will save my child,"</i> cried the + mother; <i>"there he is!—oh! my boy, my darling boy, + how could I leave you!"</i> Every one had rushed to the brink + of the precipice, and was now following with eager eyes the + progress of the youth, as the current bore him onward, like a + feather in the embrace of the hurricane. Now it seemed as if + he would be dashed against a jutting rock, over which the + water flew in foam, and a whirlpool would drag him in, from + whose grasp escape would appear impossible. + </p> + <p> + 10. At times, the current bore him under, and he would be + lost to sight; then, just as the spectators gave him up, he + would appear, though far from where he vanished, still + buffeting amid the vortex. Oh, how that mother's straining + eyes followed him in his perilous career! how her heart sunk + when he went under,—and with what a gush of joy when + she saw him emerge again from the waters, and, flinging the + waves aside with his athletic arms, struggle on in pursuit of + her boy! + </p> + <p> + 11. But it seemed as if his generous efforts were not to + avail; for, though the current was bearing off the boy before + his eyes, scarcely ten feet distant, he could not, despite + his gigantic efforts, overtake the drowning child. On flew + the youth and child; and it was miraculous how each escaped + being dashed in pieces against the rocks. Twice the boy went + out of sight, and a suppressed shriek escaped the mother's + lips; but twice he reappeared, and then, with hands wrung + wildly together, and breathless anxiety, she followed his + progress, as his unresisting form was hurried with the onward + current. + </p> + <p> + 12. The youth now appeared to redouble his exertions, for + they were approaching the most dangerous part of the river, + where the rapids, contracting between the narrow shores, shot + almost perpendicularly down a declivity of fifteen feet. The + rush of the waters at this spot was tremendous, and no one + ventured to approach its vicinity, even in a canoe, lest he + should be dashed in pieces. What, then, would be the youth's + fate, unless he soon overtook the child? He seemed fully + sensible of the increasing peril, and now urged his way + through the foaming current with a desperate strength. + </p> + <p> + 13. Three times he was on the point of grasping the child, + when the waters whirled the prize from him. The third effort + was made just as they were entering within the influence of + the current above the fall; and when it failed, the mother's + heart sunk within her, and she groaned, fully expecting the + youth to give up his task. But no; he only pressed forward + the more eagerly; and, as they breathlessly watched amid the + boiling waters, they saw the form of the brave youth + following close after that of the boy. + </p> + <p> + 14. And now, like an arrow from the bow, pursuer and pursued + shot to the brink of the precipice. An instant they hung + there, distinctly visible amid the foaming waters. Every + brain grew dizzy at the sight. But a shout of involuntary + exultation burst from the spectators, when they saw the boy + held aloft by the right arm of the youth,—a shout that + was suddenly checked with horror, when they both vanished + into the abyss below! + </p> + <p> + 15. A moment elapsed before a word was spoken, or a breath + drawn. The mother ran forward, and then stood gazing with + fixed eyes at the foot of the cataract, as if her all + depended upon what the next moment should reveal. Suddenly + she gave the glad cry, (<i>f</i>.) "<i>There they are! See! + they are safe!</i>—Great God, I thank thee!" And, sure + enough, there was the youth still unharmed, and still + buffeting the waters. He had just emerged from the boiling + vortex below the cataract. With one hand he held aloft the + child, and with the other he was making for the shore. + </p> + <p> + 16. They ran, they shouted, they scarcely knew what they did, + until they reached his side, just as he was struggling to the + bank. They drew him out almost exhausted. The boy was + senseless; but his mother declared that he still lived, as + she pressed him frantically to her bosom. The youth could + scarcely stand, so faint was he from his exertions. + </p> + <p> + 17. Who can describe the scene that followed,—the + mother's calmness while she strove to resuscitate her boy, + and her wild gratitude to his preserver, when the child was + out of danger, and sweetly sleeping in her arms? Our pen + shrinks at the task. But her words, pronounced then, were + remembered afterwards by more than one who heard them. + </p> + <p> + 18. "<i>God will reward you</i>," said she, "as <i>I</i> can + not. He will do great things for you in return for this day's + work, and the blessings of thousands besides mine will attend + you." And so it was; for, to the <i>hero</i> of that hour, + were subsequently confided the destinies of a mighty nation. + But, throughout his long career, what tended to make him more + honored and respected beyond all men, was the + <i>self-sacrificing spirit</i>, which, in the rescue of that + mother's child, as in the more august events of his life, + characterized OUR BELOVED WASHINGTON. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. Describe the scene where this accident + took place. 2. What did the woman say to the young man? 3. + Why would not the men release the woman? 4. What did the + young man do? 5. Did he finally succeed in saving the child? + 6. What did the mother say to him? 7. Who did this youth + prove to be? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson65"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXV. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + RAB' BI, teacher or doctor.<br> + HEA' THEN, pagan; gentile.<br> + BOUND' A RIES, limits.<br> + WAN' DER ED, strayed.<br> + SUB MIS' SIVE, resigned; humble.<br> + PIL' GRIM, wanderer.<br> + RE PEL' LED, drove off.<br> + IN HOS' PI TA BLE, unkind to strangers.<br> + MAN' TLE, garment, cloak.<br> + CON SOL' ING, comforting.<br> + RE POS' ING, lying down; resting.<br> + CA LAM' I TY, misfortune.<br> + POUN' CED, fell or jumped suddenly.<br> + IM PLOR' ING, begging; entreating.<br> + DE SPOIL' ED, robbed.<br> + CHURL' ISH, surly; rude. + </div> + <h4> + THE FOUR MISFORTUNES. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + JOHN G. SANE. + </p> + <pre> + 1. A pious Rabbi, forced by heathen hate, + To quit the boundaries of his native land, + Wandered abroad, submissive to his fate, + Through pathless woods and wastes of burning sand. + 2. A patient ass, to bear him in his flight, + A dog, to guard him from the robber's stealth, + A lamp, by which to read the law at night,— + Was all the pilgrim's store of worldly wealth. + 3. At set of sun he reached a little town, + And asked for shelter and a crumb of food; + But every face repelled him with a frown, + And so he sought a lodging in the wood. + 4. "'Tis very hard," the weary traveler said, + "And most inhospitable, I protest, + To send me fasting to this forest bed; + But God is good, and means it for the best!" + 5. He lit his lamp to read the sacred law, + Before he spread his mantle for the night; + But the wind rising with a sudden flaw, + He read no more,—the gust put out the light. + 6. "'Tis strange," he said, "'tis very strange, indeed, + That ere I lay me down to take my rest, + A chapter of the law I may not read,— + But God is good, and all is for the best!" + 7. With these consoling words the Rabbi tries + To sleep,—his head reposing on a log,— + But, ere he fairly shut his drowsy eyes, + A wolf came up and killed his faithful dog. + 8. "What new calamity is this?" he cried; + "My honest dog—a friend who stood the test + When others failed—lies murdered at my side! + Well,—God is good, and means it for the best." + 9. Scarce had the Rabbi spoken, when, alas!— + As if, at once, to crown his wretched lot, + A hungry lion pounced upon the ass, + And killed the faithful donkey on the spot. +10. "Alas!—alas!" the weeping Rabbi said, + "Misfortune haunts me like a hateful guest; + My dog is gone, and now my ass is dead,— + Well, God is good, and all is for the best!" +11. At dawn of day, imploring heavenly grace, + Once more he sought the town, but all in vain; + A band of robbers had despoiled the place, + And all the churlish citizens were slain. +12. "Now God be praised!" the grateful Rabbi cried, + "If I had tarried in the town to rest, + I too, with these poor villagers had died,— + Sure, God is good, and all is for the best!" +13. "Had not the saucy wind put out my lamp, + By which the sacred law I would have read, + The light had shown the robbers to my camp, + And here the villains would have left me dead. +14. "Had not my faithful animals been slain, + Their noise, no doubt, had drawn the robbers near, + And so their master, it is very plain, + Instead of them, had fallen murdered here. +15. "Full well I see that this hath happened so + To put my faith and patience to the test; + Thanks to His name! for now I surely know + That God is good, and all is for the best!" +</pre> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson66"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXVI. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + FU TU' RI TY, events to come.<br> + CON SULT', counsel with.<br> + PRE TEN' SIONS, claims; assumptions.<br> + FOR' TI TUDE, patience; endurance.<br> + MOD' EL, pattern; example.<br> + RES IG NA' TION, submissiveness.<br> + O VER WHELMS', overcomes.<br> + IN GRAT' I TUDE, unthankfulness.<br> + VAG' A BOND, vagrant; worthless.<br> + IM' PU DENCE, sauciness.<br> + DES' TI NY, fate; final lot.<br> + DE CEAS' ED, dead.<br> + DE PRIV' ED, robbed.<br> + IN CUR' RED, brought on; caused.<br> + CON SUL TA' TIONS, couselings.<br> + CAL CU LA' TIONS, reckonings.<br> + PRE TER NAT' U RAL, (PRETER, <i>beyond</i>;) beyond what is + natural; miraculous.<br> + IN VOLV' ED, (IN, <i>in</i>; VOLVED, <i>rolled</i>;) rolled + in; enveloped.<br> + IN TER RUPT', (INTER, <i>in, between</i>; RUPT, <i>to + break</i>;) break in between; stop; hinder. + </div> + <p> + [Headnote 1: JOB, a patriarch, celebrated for his patience, + constancy, and piety. For note on DAVID, see page 138.] + </p> + <p> + NOTE.—The dash at the end of a remark denotes that the + speaker is interrupted by the one with whom he is conversing. + </p> + <h4> + MRS. CREDULOUS AND THE FORTUNE-TELLER. + </h4> + <p> + <i>Mrs. Credulous.</i> Are you the fortune-teller, sir, that + knows every thing? + </p> + <p> + <i>Fortune-Teller.</i> I sometimes consult futurity, madam; + but I make no pretensions to any supernatural knowledge. + </p> + <p> + <i>Mrs. C.</i> Ay, so <i>you</i> say; but every body else + says you know <i>every thing</i>; and I have come all the way + from Boston to consult you; for you must know I have met with + a dreadful loss. + </p> + <p> + <i>F. T.</i> We are liable to losses in this world, madam. + </p> + <p> + <i>Mrs. C.</i> Yes; and I have had my share of them, though I + shall be only fifty, come Thanksgiving. + </p> + <p> + <i>F. T.</i> You must have learned to bear misfortunes with + fortitude, by this time. + </p> + <p> + <i>Mrs. C.</i> I don't know how that is, though my dear + husband, rest his soul, used to say, "Molly, you are as + patient as Job,[Headnote 1] though you never had any children + to lose, as he had." + </p> + <p> + <i>F. T.</i> Job was a model of patience, madam, and few + could lose their all with so much resignation. + </p> + <p> + <i>Mrs. C.</i> Ah, sir', that is too true'; for even the + small loss <i>I</i> have suffered, overwhelms me! + </p> + <p> + <i>F. T.</i> The loss of property, madam, comes home to the + bosom of the best of us. + </p> + <p> + <i>Mrs. C.</i> Yes, sir; and when the thing lost can not be + replaced, it is doubly distressing. When my poor, good man, + on our wedding day, gave me the ring, "Keep it, Molly," said + he, "till you die, for my sake." And now, that I should have + lost it, after keeping it thirty years, and locking it up so + carefully all the time, as I did— + </p> + <p> + <i>F. T.</i> We can not be too careful in this world, madam; + our best friends often deceive us. + </p> + <p> + <i>Mrs. C.</i> True, sir, true,—but who would have + thought that the child I took, as it were, out of the street, + and brought up as my own, could have been guilty of such + ingratitude? She never would have touched what was not her + own, if her vagabond lover had not put her up to it. + </p> + <p> + <i>F. T.</i> Ah, madam, ingratitude is the basest of all + crimes! + </p> + <p> + <i>Mrs. C.</i> Yes; but to think that the impudent creature + should deny she took it, when I saw it in the possession of + that wretch myself. + </p> + <p> + <i>F. T.</i> Impudence, madam, usually accompanies crime. But + my time is precious, and the star that rules your destiny + will set, and your fate be involved in darkness, unless I + proceed to business immediately. The star informs me, madam, + that you are a widow. + </p> + <p> + <i>Mrs. C.</i> La! sir, were you acquainted with my deceased + husband? + </p> + <p> + <i>F. T.</i> No, madam; we do not receive our knowledge by + such means. Thy name is Mary, and thy dwelling-place is + Boston. + </p> + <p> + <i>Mrs. C.</i> Some spirit must have told you this, for + certain. + </p> + <p> + <i>F. T.</i> This is not all, madam. You were married at the + age of twenty years, and were the sole heir of your deceased + husband. + </p> + <p> + <i>Mrs. C.</i> I perceive, sir, you know <i>every</i> thing. + </p> + <p> + <i>F. T.</i> Madam, I can not help knowing what I <i>do</i> + know; I must therefore inform you that your adopted daughter, + in the dead of night— + </p> + <p> + <i>Mrs. C.</i> No, sir; it was in the day-time. + </p> + <p> + <i>F. T.</i> Do not interrupt me, madam. In the dead of + night, your adopted daughter planned the robbery which + deprived you of your wedding-ring. + </p> + <p> + <i>Mrs. C.</i> No earthly being could have told you this, for + I never let my right hand know that I possessed it, lest some + evil should happen to it. + </p> + <p> + <i>F. T.</i> Hear me, madam; you have come all this distance + to consult the fates, and find your ring. + </p> + <p> + <i>Mrs. C.</i> You have guessed my intention exactly, sir. + </p> + <p> + <i>F. T.</i> Guessed'! madam'. I <i>know</i> this is your + object; and I know, moreover, that your ungrateful daughter + has incurred your displeasure, by receiving the addresses of + a worthless man. + </p> + <p> + <i>Mrs. C.</i> Every word is gospel truth. + </p> + <p> + <i>F. T.</i> This man has persuaded your daughter— + </p> + <p> + <i>Mrs. C.</i> I knew he did, I told her so. But good sir, + can you tell me who has the ring? + </p> + <p> + <i>F. T.</i> This young man has it. + </p> + <p> + <i>Mrs. C.</i> But he denies it. + </p> + <p> + <i>F. T.</i> No matter, madam, he has it. + </p> + <p> + <i>Mrs. C.</i> But how shall I obtain it again? + </p> + <p> + <i>F. T.</i> The law points out the way, madam,—it is + <i>my</i> business to point out the rogue,—you must + catch him. + </p> + <p> + <i>Mrs. C.</i> You are right, sir,—and if there is law + to be had, I will spend every cent I own, but I will have it. + I knew he was the robber, and I thank you for the + information. [<i>Going</i>.] + </p> + <p> + <i>F. T.</i> But thanks, madam, will not pay for all my + nightly vigils, consultations, and calculations. + </p> + <p> + <i>Mrs. C.</i> Oh, right, sir! I forgot to pay you. What am I + indebted to you? + </p> + <p> + <i>F. T.</i> Only five dollars, madam. + </p> + <p> + <i>Mrs. C.</i> [<i>Handing him the money</i>.] There it is, + sir. I would have paid twenty rather than not have found the + ring. + </p> + <p> + <i>F. T.</i> I never take but five, madam. Farewell, madam, + your friend is at the door with your chaise. + </p> + <p class="rauth"> + [<i>He leaves the room</i>.] + </p> + <span class="center"> + [<i>Enter, Friend</i>.] + </span> + <p> + <i>Friend</i>. Well, Mary, what does the fortune-teller say? + </p> + <p> + <i>Mrs. C.</i> Oh, he told me I was a widow, and lived in + Boston, and had an adopted daughter,—and—— + </p> + <p> + <i>Friend.</i> But you knew all this before, did you not? + </p> + <p> + <i>Mrs. C.</i> Yes; but how should <i>he</i> know it? He told + me, too, that I had lost a ring,— + </p> + <p> + <i>Friend.</i> Did he tell you where to find it? + </p> + <p> + <i>Mrs. C.</i> Oh yes! he says that fellow has it, and I must + go to law and get it, if he will not give it up. What do you + think of that? + </p> + <p> + <i>Friend.</i> It is precisely what any fool could have told + you. But how much did you pay for this precious information? + </p> + <p> + <i>Mrs. C.</i> Only five dollars. + </p> + <p> + <i>Friend.</i> How much was the ring worth? + </p> + <p> + <i>Mrs. C.</i> Why, two dollars, at least. + </p> + <p> + <i>Friend.</i> Then you have paid ten dollars for a chaise to + bring you here, five dollars for the information that you had + already, and all this to gain possession of a ring not worth + one quarter of the expense! + </p> + <p> + <i>Mrs. C.</i> Oh, the rascal! how he has cheated me! I will + go to the world's end but I will be revenged. + </p> + <p> + <i>Friend.</i> You had better go home, and say nothing about + it; for every effort to recover your money, will only expose + your folly. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What had Mrs. Credulous said, by which + the fortune-teller knew all the circumstances relative to the + loss of her ring? 2. How was she told she must get her ring? + 3. What did she pay the fortune-teller? 4. How much for the + chaise? 5. What was her ring worth? 6. Was she a bright dame? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson67"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXVII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + UN FAL' TER ING, steady.<br> + CON FID' ING LY, trustingly.<br> + SOOTH' ING LY, tenderly, calmly.<br> + AL LUR'ING, seductive; flattering.<br> + AP PRO' PRI ATE, proper; peculiar.<br> + SUB MIS' SION, resignation.<br> + IN' VA LID, sick or infirm person.<br> + CON TENT' MENT, satifaction.<br> + MEA' GER, scanty.<br> + CON' FI DENCE, faith; reliance.<br> + AS SUAG' ED, relieved; mitigated.<br> + FER' VEN CY, heat; ardent feeling.<br> + RA DI A TION luster.<br> + FRU I' TION, realization; enjoyment. + </div> + <h4> + FAITH, HOPE, AND CHARITY.—AN ALLEGORY. + </h4> + <p> + [Footnote: AL' LE GO RY is a word of Greek origin. It is made + up of two parts; ALL, <i>other</i>; and EGORY, + <i>discourse</i>; the literal meaning of the compound being, + <i>discourse</i> about <i>other</i> things; that is, things + other than those expressed by the words, literally + interpreted. Allegory is, therefore, the general name for + that class of compositions, as <i>Fables</i>, + <i>Apologues</i>, <i>Parables</i>, and <i>Myth</i>, in which + there is a <i>double</i> signification, one <i>literal</i> + and the other <i>figurative</i>; the literal being designed + merely to give a more clear and impressive view of that which + is figurative.] + </p> + <p> + 1. Many years ago, three beautiful sisters came into our + world to lighten the burdens of earth's toiling pilgrims, and + aid them in preparation for a higher state of existence. + Alike commissioned by the Great Father, they were sent on + errands of mercy, and were not to turn away from scenes of + darkness, sorrow, and suffering. + </p> + <p> + 2. FAITH had a firm, unfaltering step; HOPE, a beaming eye, + ever turned to the future; and LOVE, a pitying glance, and a + helping hand. They journeyed confidingly together; and when + they found a stricken being in danger of perishing by the + wayside, FAITH soothingly whispered, "My Father doeth all + things well;" HOPE pointed to the cooling shade just in + advance; and LOVE assisted him to rise, and aided his feeble + steps. + </p> + <p> + 3. Groups of fair children played near the path in which they + were traveling. Some of these did not understand the tones of + FAITH; but they all listened eagerly to the alluring strains + of HOPE, who painted brighter scenes than those they were + enjoying, and flowers more fragrant than any they yet had + gathered. LOVE delighted to linger with the youthful band, + lessening their trials, and increasing their pleasures. + </p> + <p> + 4. Her gentle touch arrested the little hand that was lifted + against a playmate, and her soothing voice calmed the angry + passions which were swelling in the bosom. When a child + stumbled in the way, she tenderly raised it up again, or when + a thorn pierced the unwary finger, she kindly removed it, and + bound up the bleeding wound. + </p> + <p> + 5. While the sisters were busy in their appropriate mission, + a pale-cheeked lad mingled with the group of merry children, + though too weak to share their sports. FAITH stole to his + side, and whispered of the great Parent above, who afflicts + in wisdom, and chastens in love. His eye brightened while she + spoke, and he looked upward with that trust and submission + which he had never before experienced. + </p> + <p> + 6. Then HOPE came, with visions of returning health, when his + frame would be strong and his heart buoyant. But when HOPE + and FAITH were gone, again his head drooped, and the tear + started. Then LOVE sat down by the invalid, twining a garland + of summer blossoms for his pale brow, and singing sweet + melodies which charmed his listening ear. The pain was all + gone now; smiles wreathed his pallid lips, and the sick boy + laughed as merrily as his more robust companions. + </p> + <p> + 7. The sisters, in their journeyings, entered the abode of + poverty. It was a humble dwelling, and yet it looked + cheerful, yea, even inviting, when the three graced it with + their presence. FAITH shed a spirit of calm contentment and + heavenly trust in those lowly walls; HOPE whispered of the + better mansions prepared for the followers of the Lamb; and + LOVE, not less exalted than her sisters, threw a charm over + the meager fare and scanty attire of the inmates. FAITH + taught them to offer the daily prayer in trusting confidence; + HOPE pointed beyond this world to joys which eye hath not + seen, nor ear heard; while LOVE lessened each burden, and + increased each simple pleasure. FAITH, HOPE, and CHARITY! ye, + indeed, can make a paradise of the humblest home! + </p> + <p> + 8. There was a darkened chamber, with a wan form tossing + restlessly upon the couch. Wealth was there; but it could not + allay pain, or prolong life. FAITH, noiseless as a spirit + form, glided to the sick one's side. "Though He slay me, yet + will I trust in Him," was her language, as she pointed + upward. HOPE fain would have whispered of length of days, but + she knew this could not be; so she spoke of life eternal, + where there is no more pain. Then LOVE smoothed the pillow, + and bathed the fevered brow, pausing not in her tender + ministries through the night-watches. When morning dawned, + the spirit of the sick man passed away, though not until + FAITH, and HOPE, and LOVE had assuaged the anguish of the + parting pang. + </p> + <p> + 9. Weeping mourners gathered around the dead. There were + tears,—for "tears well befit earth's partings;" there + was sorrow,—for what bitterness is like unto that of + the bereaved, when the grave opens to infold the heart's best + treasure? Yet FAITH, and HOPE, and LOVE were there, assuaging + those tears, and mitigating that sorrow. FAITH, even while + her cheeks were wet, exclaimed, "The Lord gave, and the Lord + hath taken away; blessed be the name of the Lord." + </p> + <p> + 10. HOPE'S language was, "Not lost, but gone before;" and her + eye, having lost none of its brightness, saw with prophetic + vision a reunion yet to come. LOVE tenderly wiped away each + gathering tear, and gave deeper fervency to the trusting + confidence of FAITH, and the inspiring strains of HOPE. And + when the sleeper was committed to the dust, these gentle + sisters lingered in the lonely house, and by the darkened + hearth. + </p> + <p> + 11. Such are FAITH, HOPE, and CHARITY,—given by God to + lighten human sorrow, and bless the creatures He has made. + They have each a mission to fulfill,—different, it is + true, and yet they move in harmony. FAITH enables us to + submit trustingly to daily trials, viewing a kind Father's + hand in each passing event. HOPE, when the sky is dark, and + the path thorny, points not only to fairer scenes below, but + to that brighter world where there is no night and no sorrow. + </p> + <p> + 12. LOVE lightens every burden, and reflects upon earth a + faint radiation of heavenly blessedness,—for the + Scriptures assure us that "God is love: and every one that + loveth is born of God." The time will come when, the purposes + of the wise Creator being accomplished, Faith and Hope will + cease. Faith will be lost in sight, Hope in fruition; but + Love will remain, binding the spirits of the redeemed in + blissful communion, and uniting them to God the Father and + Christ the Elder Brother. + </p> + <p> + 13. Faith, Hope, and Charity! blessed spirits! May they be + inmates of every heart! May they assist each of us in the + peculiar trials which none can know but ourselves! They will + come to us if we seek their presence; but they must be + carefully nurtured. Let us cherish them in our bosoms, and + they will bless us constantly in our pilgrimage below, and + conduct us to the presence of our God. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson68"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXVIII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + TRANSPORT' ED, highly delighted.<br> + THREAT' EN ING, impending.<br> + COR' O NAL, crown; chaplet.<br> + MYR' I AD, innumerable.<br> + LUS' CIOUS, delicious.<br> + LUS TY, strong; vigorous.<br> + WAR' BLING, singing; caroling.<br> + CHURL, sour, surly man.<br> + RE FRESH', cool; make fresh.<br> + LAN' GUID, dull; sluggish.<br> + DROUTH' Y, dry; arid.<br> + SUS TAIN', uphold; support.<br> + UN GRUDG'ING, free-hearted; liberal.<br> + NIG GARD, miser; stingy person. + </div> + <h4> + "NOT TO MYSELF ALONE." + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + S.W. PARTRIDGE. + </p> + <pre> + 1. "<i>Not to myself alone,</i>" + The little opening flower transported cries. + "Not to myself alone I bud and bloom; + With fragrant breath the breezes I perfume, + And gladden all things with my rainbow dyes. + The bee comes sipping, every eventide, + His dainty fill; + The butterfly within my cup doth hide + From threatening ill." + 2. "<i>Not to myself alone,</i>" + The circling star with honest pride doth boast, + "Not to myself alone I rise and set; + I write upon night's coronal of jet + His power and skill who formed our myriad host; + A friendly beacon at heaven's open gate, + I gem the sky. + That man might ne'er forget, in every fate, + His home on high." + 3. "<i>Not to myself alone</i>," + The heavy-laden bee doth murmuring hum, + "Not to myself alone, from flower to flower, + I rove the wood, the garden, and the bower, + And to the hive at evening weary come; + For man, for man, the luscious food I pile + With busy care, + Content if he repay my ceaseless toil + With scanty share." + 4. "<i>Not to myself alone</i>," + The soaring bird with lusty pinion sings, + "Not to myself alone I raise my song; + I cheer the drooping with my warbling tongue, + And bear the mourner on my viewless wings; + I bid the hymnless churl my anthem learn, + And God adore; + I call the worldling from his dross to turn, + And sing and scar." + 5. <i>"Not to myself alone,"</i> + The streamlet whispers on its pebbly way, + "Not to myself alone I sparkling glide; + I scatter health and life on every side, + And strew the fields with herb and floweret gay. + I sing unto the common, bleak and bare, + My gladsome tune; + I sweeten and refresh the languid air + In droughty June." + 6. <i>"Not to myself alone:"</i>-- + O man, forget not thou,--earth's honored priest, + Its tongue, its soul, its life, its pulse, its heart,-- + In earth's great chorus to sustain <i>thy</i> part! + Chiefest of guests at Love's ungrudging feast, + Play not the niggard; spurn thy native clod, + And <i>self</i> disown; + Live to thy neighbor; live unto thy God; +<i>Not to thyself alone!</i> +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What things are mentioned, that + contribute to our comfort and happiness? 2. How does the + suffix <i>less,</i> affect the meaning of the words <i>cease, + view, hymn,</i> &c.? 3. What is the meaning of the + suffixes <i>let</i> and <i>et,</i> in the words + <i>streamlet</i> and <i>floweret?</i> See SANDERS & + McELLIGOTT'S ANALYSIS, page 140, Ex. 185 and 187. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson69"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXIX. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + NURS'ING, nourishing; cherishing.<br> + AB HOR', detest; loathe.<br> + RE LI' ED, depended.<br> + FRA TER' NAL, brotherly.<br> + SU PER' NAL, heavenly.<br> + COM BINE', unite; join together.<br> + RE HEARS' AL, recital; repetition.<br> + BIG' OT RY, blind zeal; prejudice.<br> + SHEATHE, put in a sheath.<br> + U NI VERS AL, general.<br> + CUS TOM, practice; usage.<br> + TAL' ENT, natural ability.<br> + AF FECT'ING, making false show.<br> + IS' O LATE, separate; detach. + </div> + <h4> + THE WORLD WOULD BE THE BETTER FOR IT. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + W.H. COBB. + </p> + <pre> +1. If men cared less for wealth and fame, + And less for battle-fields and glory,— + If writ in human hearts a name + Seemed better than in song and story,— + If men instead of nursing pride, + Would learn to hate it and abhor it,— + If more relied + On <i>love</i> to guide,— +<i>The world would be the better for it.</i> +2. If men dealt less in stocks and lands, + And more in bonds and deeds fraternal,— + If Love's work had more willing hands + To link this world to the supernal,— + If men stored up Love's oil and wine, + And on bruised human hearts would pour it,— + If <i>"yours"</i> and <i>"mine"</i> + Would once combine,— +<i>The world would be the letter for it.</i> +3. If more would <i>act</i> the play of Life, + And fewer spoil it in rehearsal,— + If Bigotry would sheathe his knife + Till Good became more universal,— + If Custom, gray with ages grown, + Had fewer blind men to adore it,— + If talent shone + In Truth alone,— +<i>The world would be the better for it.</i> +4. If men were wise in little things, + Affecting less in all their dealings,— + If hearts had fewer rusted strings + To isolate their kindly feelings,— + If men, when Wrong beats down the Right, + Would strike together and restore it,— + If Right made Might + In every fight,— +<i>The world would be the letter for it.</i> +</pre> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson70"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXX. + </h3> + <p> + In reading these antithetic sentences, an excellent effect + may be produced by dividing the class equally into two parts, + and letting one part read, in concert, the line marked <i>1st + Voice</i>, and the other part, the line marked <i>2d + Voice;</i> or, one pupil may read one line, and the next + pupil the other, alternately. + </p> + <h4> + SELECT PROVERBS OF SOLOMON. + </h4> + <p> + <br> + <i>1st Voice</i>. A wise son maketh a glad father;<br> + <i>2d Voice</i>, but a foolish son is the heaviness of his + mother. + </p> + <p> + <br> + <i>1 V</i>. Treasures of wickedness profit nothing;<br> + <i>2 V</i>. but righteousness delivereth from death. + </p> + <p> + <br> + <i>1 V</i>. He becometh poor, that dealeth with a slack + hand;<br> + <i>2 V</i>. but the hand of the diligent maketh rich. + </p> + <p> + <br> + <i>1 V</i>. Blessings are upon the head of the just;<br> + <i>2 V</i>. but violence covereth the mouth of the wicked. + </p> + <p> + <br> + <i>1 V</i>. The memory of the just is blessed;<br> + <i>2 V</i>. but the name of the wicked shall rot. + </p> + <p> + <br> + <i>1 V</i>. The wise in heart will receive commandment;<br> + <i>2 V</i>. but a prating fool shall fall. + </p> + <p> + <br> + <i>1 V.</i> He that walketh uprightly, walketh surely;<br> + <i>2 V.</i> but he that perverteth his ways, shall be known. + </p> + <p> + <br> + <i>1 V.</i> Wise men lay up knowledge;<br> + <i>2 V.</i> but the mouth of the wicked is near destruction. + </p> + <p> + <br> + <i>1 V.</i> He is in the way of life, that keepeth + instruction;<br> + <i>2 V.</i> but he that refuseth reproof, erreth. + </p> + <p> + <br> + <i>1 V.</i> It is as sport to a fool to do mischief;<br> + <i>2 V.</i> but a man of understanding hath wisdom. + </p> + <p> + <br> + <i>1 V.</i> The fear of the Lord prolongeth days;<br> + <i>2 V.</i> but the years of the wicked shall be shortened. + </p> + <p> + <br> + <i>1 V.</i> The hope of the righteous shall be gladness;<br> + <i>2 V.</i> but the expectation of the wicked shall perish. + </p> + <p> + <br> + <i>1 V.</i> The righteous shall never be removed;<br> + <i>2 V.</i> but the wicked shall not inhabit the earth. + </p> + <p> + <br> + <i>1 V.</i> The mouth of the just bringeth forth wisdom;<br> + <i>2 V.</i> but the froward tongue shall be cut out. + </p> + <p> + <br> + <i>1 V.</i> A false balance is an abomination to the + Lord;<br> + <i>2 V.</i> but a just weight is his delight. + </p> + <p> + <br> + <i>1 V.</i> Riches profit not in the day of wrath;<br> + <i>2 V.</i> but righteousness delivereth from death. + </p> + <p> + <br> + <i>1 V.</i> The righteousness of the perfect shall direct + his way;<br> + <i>2 V.</i> but the wicked shall fall by his own wickedness. + </p> + <p> + <br> + <i>1 V.</i> By the blessing of the upright the city is + exalted;<br> + <i>2 V.</i> but it is overthrown by the mouth of the wicked. + </p> + <p> + <br> + <i>1 V.</i> Where no counsel is, the people fall,<br> + <i>2 V.</i> but in the multitude of counselors there is + safety. + </p> + <p> + <br> + <i>1 V.</i> He that diligently seeketh good, procureth + favor;<br> + <i>2 V.</i> but he that seeketh mischief, it shall come unto + him. + </p> + <p> + <br> + <i>1 V.</i> The righteous man regardeth the life of his + beast;<br> + <i>2 V.</i> but the tender mercies of the wicked are cruel. + </p> + <p> + <br> + <i>1 V</i>. The lip of truth shall be established + forever;<br> + <i>2 V</i>. but a lying tongue is but for a moment. + </p> + <p> + <br> + <i>1 V</i>. Lying lips are abomination to the Lord;<br> + <i>2 V</i>. but they that deal truly are His delight. + </p> + <p> + <br> + <i>1 V</i>. The hand of the diligent shall bear rule;<br> + <i>2 V</i>. but the slothful shall be under tribute. + </p> + <p> + <br> + <i>1 V</i>. A wise son heareth his father's instruction;<br> + <i>2 V</i>. but a scorner heareth not rebuke. + </p> + <p> + <br> + <i>1 V</i>. He that keepeth his mouth, keepeth his life;<br> + <i>2 V</i>. but he that openeth wide his lips, shall have + destruction. + </p> + <p> + <br> + <i>1 V</i>. A scorner seeketh wisdom, and findeth it + not;<br> + <i>2 V</i>. but knowledge is easy unto him that + understandeth. + </p> + <p> + <br> + <i>1 V</i>. There is a way which seemeth right unto a + man;<br> + <i>2 V</i>. but the end thereof are the ways of death. + </p> + <p> + <br> + <i>1 V</i>. A wise man feareth, and departeth from evil;<br> + <i>2 V</i>. but the fool rageth, and is confident. + </p> + <p> + <br> + <i>1 V</i>. The poor is hated even of his neighbor;<br> + <i>2 V</i>. but the rich hath many friends. + </p> + <p> + <br> + <i>1 V</i>. He that oppresseth the poor, reproacheth his + Maker;<br> + <i>2 V</i>. but he that honoreth Him, hath mercy on the + poor. + </p> + <p> + <br> + <i>1 V</i>. He that is slow to wrath, is of great + understanding;<br> + <i>2 V</i>. but he that is hasty in spirit, exalteth folly. + </p> + <p> + <br> + <i>1 V</i>. A soft answer turneth away wrath;<br> + <i>2 V</i>. but grievous words stir up anger. + </p> + <p> + <br> + <i>1 V</i>. He that walketh with wise men, shall be + wise;<br> + <i>2 V</i>. but a companion of fools shall be destroyed. + </p> + <p> + <br> + <i>1 V</i>. Counsel in the heart of man is like deep + water;<br> + <i>2 V</i>. but a man of understanding will draw it out. + </p> + <p> + <br> + <i>1 V</i>. The wicked is driven away in his wickedness;<br> + <i>2 V</i>. but the righteous hath hope in his death. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson71"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXI. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + IM PRES' SION, idea; notion.<br> + AT TRAC' TIONS, allurements.<br> + SA TI' E TY, excessive fullness.<br> + SAT' ED, glutted; satiated.<br> + PAM' PER ED, over-fed.<br> + SUC' CU LENT, full of sap; juicy.<br> + UM BRA' GEOUS, shady.<br> + GOR' GEOUS, showy; brilliant.<br> + DREAR' I NESS, gloominess.<br> + REG' IS TER, record; note down.<br> + SUG GEST' IVE, giving signs.<br> + DEC LA RA' TION, announcement.<br> + EX TREM' I TIES, ends.<br> + DRA' PER Y, hangings; decorations.<br> + EN CHANT' MENT, charms; fascination.<br> + FRET' TED, furnished with frets, of ornamental raised + work.<br> + DEC O RA' TIONS, adornments. + </div> + <p> + [Headnote 1: AR' A BESQUES, is a word, denoting ornaments + after the Arabian manner, often intricate and fantastic, from + the intermingling of foliage, fruits, &c., with other + objects real or imaginary.] + </p> + <h4> + WINTER BEAUTY. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + HENRY WARD BEECHER. + </p> + <p> + 1. It is the impression of many, that only in summer, + including spring and autumn, of course, is the <i>country</i> + desirable as a residence. The country in summer, and the city + for the winter. It is true, that the winter gives attractions + to the city, in endless meetings, lectures, concerts, and + indoor amusements; but it is not true that the country loses + all interest when the leaves are shed and the grass is gone. + On the contrary, to one who has learned how to use his senses + and his sensibilities, there are attractions in the winter of + a peculiar kind, and pleasures which can be reaped only then. + </p> + <p> + 2. It appears to me, that winter comes in to relieve the year + of satiety. The mind grows sated with greenness. After eight + or nine months of luxuriant growths, the eye grows accustomed + to vegetation. To be sure, we never are less pleased with the + wide prospect; with forms of noble trees, with towns and + meadows, and with the whole aspect of nature. But it is the + pleasure of one pampered. We lose the keen edge of hunger. + The eye enjoys, without the relish of newness. We expect to + enjoy. Every thing loses surprise. + </p> + <p> + 3. Of course, the sky is blue, the grass succulent, the + fields green, the trees umbrageous, the clouds silent and + mysterious. They were so yesterday, they are so to-day, they + will be so to-morrow, next week, next month. In short, the + mind does not cease to feel the charm of endless growths; but + needs variety, change of diet, less of perpetual feasting, + and something of the blessings of a fast. <i>This</i> winter + gives. It says to us: You have had too much. You are + luxurious and dainty. You need relief and change of diet. + </p> + <p> + 4. The cold blue of the sky, the cold gray of rocks, the + sober warmth of browns and russets, take the place of more + gorgeous colors. If, now, one will accept this change in the + tone of nature, after a time a new and relishful pleasure + arises. The month formed by the last fortnight of November + and the first two weeks of December, is, to me, the saddest + of the year. It most nearly produces the sense of + desolateness and dreariness of any portion of the year. + </p> + <p> + 5. From the hour that the summer begins to shorten its days, + and register the increasing change along the horizon, over + which the sun sets, farther and farther toward the south, we + have a genial and gentle sadness. But sadness belongs to all + very deep joys. It is almost as needful to the perfectness of + joy, as shadows in landscapes are to the charm of the + picture. Then, too, comes the fading out of + flowers,—each variety in its turn, saying, "Farewell + till next summer." + </p> + <p> + 6. Scarcely less suggestive of departing summer are the + new-comers, the late summer golden-rod, the asters, and all + autumnal flowers. Long experience teaches us that these are + the latest blossoms that fall from the sun's lap, and next to + them is snow. By association we already see white in the + yellow and blue. Then, too, birds are thinking of other + things. No more nests, no more young, no more + songs,—except signal-notes and rallying-calls; for they + are evidently warned, and go about their little remaining + daily business, as persons who expect every hour to depart to + a distant land. + </p> + <p> + 7. It is scarcely ever that we see the birds <i>go</i>. They + are here to-day, and gone to-morrow. They disappear without + observation. The fields are empty and silent. It seems as if + the winds had blown them away with the leaves. The first + sight of northern waterfowl, far up in the air, retreating + from Labrador and the short, Arctic summer, is always to us + like the declaration: "Summer is gone; winter is behind us; + it will soon be upon you." At last come the late days of + November. All is gone,—frosts reap and glean more + sharply every night. + </p> + <p> + 8. A few weeks bring earnest winter. Then begin to dawn other + delights. The bracing air, the clean snow-paths, the sled and + sleigh, the revelation of forms that all summer were + grass-hidden; the sharp-outlined hills lying clear upon the + sky; the exquisite tracery of trees,—especially of all + such trees as that dendral child of God, the elm, whose + branches are carried out into an endless complexity of fine + lines of spray, and which stands up in winter, showing in its + whole anatomy, that all its summer shade was founded upon the + most substantial reality. + </p> + <p> + 9. In winter, too, particularly in the latter periods of it, + the extremities of shrubs and branches begin to take on ruddy + hues, or purplish browns, and the eye knows that these are + the first faint blushes of coming summer. Now, too, we find + how beautiful are the mosses in the woods; and under them we + find solitary green leaves, that have laughed all winter + because they had outwitted the frost. + </p> + <p> + 10. Wherever flowing springs gush from sheltered spots + looking south, one will find many green edges, young grass, + and some few tougher leaves. Now, too, in still days, the + crow swings heavily through the air, cawing with a pleasing + harshness. For dieting has performed its work. Your appetite + is eager. A little now pleases you more than abundance did in + August. Every tiny leaf is to you like a cedar of Lebanon. + </p> + <p> + 11. All these things are unknown to dwellers in cities. It is + nothing to them that a robin appeared for the first time + yesterday morning, or that a blue-bird sang over against the + house. Some new <i>prima-donna</i>[Footnote: The first female + singer in an opera.] exhausts their admiration. They are yet + studying laces, and do not care for the fringe of swamps, for + the first catkins of the willow. They are still coveting the + stores of precious stones at the jewelers, and do not care + for my ruby buds, and red dogwood, and scarlet winter + berries, and ground pine, and partridge-berry leaves. + </p> + <p> + 12. There is one sight of the country, at about this time of + the year—the first of March—that few have seen, + or else they have passed it by as if it were not worthy of + record. I mean the drapery of rocks in gorges, or along + precipitous sides of hills or mountains. The seams of rocks + are the outlets of springs. The water, trickling through, is + seized by the frost, and held fast in white enchantment. + Every day adds to the length of the ice drapery; and, as the + surface is overlaid by new issuings, it is furred and fretted + with silver-white chasings, the most exquisite. + </p> + <p> + 13. Thus, one may find a succession, in a single gorge, of + extraordinary ice-curtains, and pendent draperies, of varying + lengths, of every fantastic form, of colors varying by + thickness, or by the tinge of earth or rock shining through + them. In my boyhood, I used to wander along these fairy + halls, imagining them to be now altars in long, white + draperies; now, grand cathedral pillars of white marble; + then, long tapestries chased in white, with + arabesques[Headnote 1] and crinkled vines and leaves. + </p> + <p> + 14. Sometimes they seemed like gigantic bridal decorations, + or like the robes of beings vast and high, hung in their + wardrobes while they slept. But, whatever fancy interpreted + them, or whether they were looked upon with two good, sober, + literal eyes, they were, and still are, among the most + delightful of winter exhibitions, to those who are wise + enough to search out the hidden beauty of winter in the + country. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What are some of the attractions of + winter in the city? 2. What are some of the delights of + winter in the country? 3. What is said of the drapery of + rocks? 4. What did the writer imagine them to be, in boyhood? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson72"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + UN SUL' LIED, pure; clear.<br> + PHE NOM' E NON, appearance.<br> + TRANS PAR' EN CY, clearness.<br> + AS TON' ISH ING, amazing.<br> + RAM I FI CA' TION, branch, or branching out.<br> + IN DE SCRIB' A BLY, beyond description.<br> + MA JES' TIC, grand.<br> + OC CA' SION AL, occurring at times.<br> + IM PRESS'IVE, powerful; effective.<br> + IN TER SECT' ING, meeting and crossing.<br> + PEN' E TRA TING, piercing.<br> + E' THER, thin or refined air.<br> + CON GEAL' ED, frozen.<br> + BUR' NISH ING, brightening.<br> + EN GEN' DER ED, produced.<br> + EM' BLEM, symbol.<br> + CON TEM PLA' TION, meditation.<br> + EL E VA' TION, loftiness. + </div> + <h4> + FROSTED TREES. + </h4> + <p> + 1.<br> + "Ere yet the clouds let fall the treasured snow,<br> + Or winds begun their hazy skies to blow,<br> + At evening, a keen eastern breeze arose,<br> + And the descending rain unsullied froze.<br> + Soon as the silent shades of night withdrew,<br> + The ruddy morn disclosed at once to view<br> + The face of Nature in a rich disguise,<br> + And brightened every object to my eyes.<br> + For every shrub, and every blade of grass,<br> + And every pointed thorn, seemed wrought in glass." + </p> + <p> + 2. Since Sunday, [Feb. 1st, 1852,] we have had presented to + our view, the beautiful phenomenon of FROSTED TREES, the most + astonishing and brilliant that I ever remember to have + noticed. The previous storm and mist had thickly covered + every exposed object,—the loftiest trees, the minutest + blade, hill and dale, with the icy garment. This transparency + was most perfect, defining every form and ramification into + exact models of the entire body, branch, or limb. + </p> + <p> + 3. Dwellings and barns were incrusted by the chilling vapor. + It hung upon the manes of the cattle, and decorated, wherever + seen, the humble grass, which appeared bending, like threads + of crystal. The small bushes were indescribably beautiful, + and seemed as if chiseled out of the whitest marble. As far + as the eye could extend, over brooks, fields, and woods, the + same striking and singular sight was universal. + </p> + <p> + 4. I could not remain contented in the house, and toward + sunset, hastened away, where the view might be free and + uninterrupted. Here, the scene, if possible, was more + impressive and interesting. There was scarcely a breath of + air, and the general silence was only interrupted by the + occasional flight of some winter bird, which, alighting on a + limb, would shake down a thousand feathery showers, until he + seemed frightened at the unusual sound. The forest trees made + a truly majestic appearance, with their naked, giant arms and + mossy branches intersecting each other, and fast bound by the + frozen barriers. + </p> + <p> + 5. I shall not attempt to describe the brilliancy of the + undergrowth and dwarf trees, upon whose limbs hung a delicate + frosting, like unwrought silver, nor the crimson glow of the + holly-berries through their transparent and icy + covering,—all, all was a dazzling and splendid winter + array, + </p> + <pre> +"That buries wide the works of man." +</pre> + <p> + It brought to my mind some of the Eastern fairy tales, and + their gardens ornamented with shrubs and plants of sparkling + crystals. + </p> + <p> + 6. The exposed sides of the rocks and fences were completely + iced over, not the smallest particle escaping the penetrating + and congealed ether. It was truly astonishing to examine its + thickness. On some twigs, not larger than a wheat straw, the + ice measured half an inch through. One would scarcely imagine + what an immense weight of the frozen mass a tree will + sustain, before it breaks under the unusual load. Many + branches were bent so low that I could reach them with my + hands; and, shaking off their frosted barks, they would + instantly spring far above my reach. Every few minutes, I was + startled by the rattling noise of these falling icicles from + some neighboring tree or grove. + </p> + <p> + 7. Just when the sun went down, there was not a single cloud + to be seen in the horizon, and his cold, bright, setting rays + brought out, on every hand, frozen gems, diamonds, rubies, + and sapphires, in every possible prismatic beauty, wherever + his departing beams fell. Presently the moon bathed the + whitened earth, and every congealed drop, in her soft light, + burnishing, with dazzling icy brilliancy, trees, dwellings, + and streams. I am an ardent lover of Nature and her scenery, + and have often, delighted, gazed upon the Queen of Night; but + <i>never</i> did I behold such a brilliant moonlight night as + this. + </p> + <p> + 8. Who could help bringing to mind the sublimities of Job and + of David,—"The hoary frost of heaven, who hath + engendered it? The waters are hid, as with a stone, and the + face of the deep is frozen."—"By the breath of the + Mighty God, ice is produced, and the waters which were spread + on all sides, are held in chains." The Psalmist says, "He + giveth the snow like wool, He scattereth the hoar-frost like + ashes. Wash me, and I shall be whiter than snow."—Well + may poets look to the falling snow-flake for their images of + purity and innocence, ere it receives the stain of earth. I + know of no litter emblem. + </p> + <p> + 9. Such a winter's night! <i>and the skies! the skies!</i> So + resplendent in brightness are the hosts of heaven at this + moment, that they should be contemplated by every lover and + student of the works of God. Their numbers who can + count,—their twinkling beauty who can describe, as + onward they roll in the deep blue of midnight? In their + contemplation are inspired "thoughts that wander through + eternity," with an elevation of feeling, as if we were + separated from the toils and tumults of earth, and exalted + into a higher state of being than that in which we toiled + through the day! These heavens tell us of a WISDOM and POWER + we can not search or estimate. There we seem to stand more + immediately in the vailed presence of the Infinite Majesty, + who "laid the foundations of the earth, when the morning + stars sang together, and all the sons of God shouted for + joy." + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. Describe the appearance of frosted trees. + 2. What is said of the appearance of shrubs, bushes, &c.? + 3. What, of the weight sustained by a single tree? 4. What + was the appearance at sunset? 5. What passages of Scripture + did the scene bring to mind? 6. Of what is the snowflake an + emblem? 7. What is said of the skies? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson73"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXIII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + SPLEN' DOR, brightness; glory.<br> + E TER' NAL LY, everlastingly.<br> + WAY'-WEA RY, tired; fatigued.<br> + GAZE, eager look.<br> + EV' ER GREEN, always green.<br> + LONG' ED, earnestly desired.<br> + RE POSE, rest; quietude.<br> + RAN' SOM ED, redeemed.<br> + PAL' ACE, mansion; abode.<br> + UN CEAS' ING LY, constantly. + </div> + <h4> + THE MOUNTAINS OF LIFE. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + JAMES G. CLARK. + </p> + <pre> +1. There's a land far away, 'mid the stars, we are told, + Where they know not the sorrows of time,— + Where the pure waters wander through valleys of gold, + And life is a treasure sublime; + 'Tis the land of our God, 'tis the home of the soul, + Where the ages of splendor eternally roll,— + Where the way-weary traveler reaches his goal, + On the evergreen Mountains of Life. +2. Our gaze can not soar to that beautiful land, + But our visions have told of its bliss; + And our souls by the gale from its gardens are fanned, + When we faint in the desert of this; + And we sometimes have longed for its holy repose, + When our spirits were torn with temptations and woes, + And we've drank from the tide of the river that flows + From the evergreen Mountains of Life. +3. Oh! the stars never tread the blue heavens at night, + But we think where the ransomed have trod; + And the day never smiles from his palace of light, + But we feel the bright smile of our God. + We are traveling homeward, through changes and gloom, + To a kingdom where pleasures unceasingly bloom, + And our guide is the glory that shines through the tomb, + From the evergreen Mountains of Life. +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What is said of that land far away? 2. + How do we know there is such a land? 3. Of what do the stars + remind us? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson74"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXIV. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + IM AG' IN A RY, not real.<br> + AN TIC' I PATE, take beforehand.<br> + PRE FER' RED, chosen.<br> + OC CUR' RED, happened.<br> + SUS TAIN', support; uphold.<br> + PER MIT', allow.<br> + IN VIS' I BLE, unseen.<br> + EN CHAIN', bind; fasten.<br> + FORE BOD' ING, dread of evil.<br> + IN VEN' TION, contrivance.<br> + CON FER' RED, bestowed.<br> + AP PRE HEN' SION, dread; fear. + </div> + <h4> + IMAGINARY EVILS. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + CHARLES SWAIN. + </p> + <pre> +1. Let to-morrow take care of to-morrow; + Leave things of the future to fate; + What's the use to anticipate sorrow? + Life's troubles come never too late. + If to hope overmuch be an error, + 'Tis one that the wise have preferred; + And how often have hearts been in terror + Of evils that never occurred. + +2. Have faith, and thy faith shall sustain thee; + Permit not suspicion and care + With invisible bonds to enchain thee, + But bear what God gives thee to bear. + By His Spirit supported and gladdened, + Be ne'er by forebodings deterred; + But think how oft hearts have been saddened + By fears of what never occurred! +3. Let to-morrow take care of to-morrow; + Short and dark as our life may appear, + We may make it still darker by sorrow, + Still shorter by folly and fear; + Half our troubles are half our invention, + And often from blessings conferred, + Have we shrunk in the wild apprehension + Of evils that never occurred! +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What is said of imaginary evils? 2. How + may we be supported under trials? 3. What tends to shorten + life? 4. Whence proceed half our troubles? 5. What rule for + doubling the <i>r</i> and <i>d</i> in such words as + <i>occurred</i>, <i>saddened</i>, &c.? See SANDERS' NEW + SPELLER, page 168, Rule II. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson75"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXV. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + WASTE, desolate region.<br> + PRO CEED', come forth.<br> + CHASM, gap; opening.<br> + COILS, folds; convolutions.<br> + MAN I FEST, plain; evident.<br> + PRE SERV' ER, protector.<br> + AL LE' GI ANCE, duty; loyalty.<br> + RAY, make bright; adorn.<br> + EX PAND, swell; dilate.<br> + FA' THER LAND, native land.<br> + GUER DON, reward; recompense.<br> + PROF' FER, offer; tender.<br> + PIT' E OUS, mournful; sorrowful.<br> + IM PET' U OUS LY, furiously.<br> + <br> + AT TRACT', (AT, <i>to</i>; TRACT, <i>draw</i>;) draw to; + allure.<br> + <br> + IN VEST', (IN, <i>to</i>; VEST, <i>clothe</i>;) clothe in or + with; inclose; surround.<br> + <br> + PRO TEST, (PRO, <i>before</i>; TEST, <i>witness</i>;) + witness before; openly declare. + </div> + <p> + [Headnote 1: PY THON is the name of a large serpent, fabled + to have been slain by the god Apollo.] + </p> + <h4> + SIR WALTER AND THE LION. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + A. WALCHNER. + </p> + <pre> +1. Sir Walter of Thurn, over the Syrian waste, + Rides away with a flowing rein; + But he hears a groan that checks his haste, + As if death were in the strain. + He spurs his steed + Whence the sounds proceed; + And there, from a rocky chasm, arise + Fierce cries of pain, that assail the skies; + And his horse uprears + In excess of fears, + As the glance of a lion attracts his eyes. +2. Fierce struggling there in the monster folds + Of a serpent that round him twines; + Sir Walter a moment the scene beholds, + Then to save the beast inclines. + His good sword stout + From its sheath leaps out, + When down it falls on the Python's[Headnote 1] crest, + And cleaves the coils that the lion invest; + And the noble beast, + From its thrall released, + Shows grateful joy most manifest. +3. He shakes his mane, and bends his form, + And licks his preserver's hand, + As if he yields allegiance warm + To his supreme command. + Like the faithful hound + To be constant found, + And follow his steps for evermore; + And thus he follows, on sea and shore, + In the battle's tide, + He stands by his side, + Or with him rests when the strife is o'er. +4. In Palestine Sir Walter is known,— + Long years attest his fame; + And many brave deeds he there hath done, + That ray with glory his name; + But his heart doth expand + For the fatherland, + And he fain its pleasant scenes would see, + With his friendly lion for company; + But with fearful breast, + The sailors protest, + As they glanced at the beast and his majesty. +5. Rich guerdon he proffers, and golden store; + But though the prize were great, + The sailors hurry away from the shore + As if from the doom of fate. + The poor beast moans + In piteous tones, + Then darts impetuously o'er the sands,— + Then looks to the ship, and mournfully stands; + Then plunges into the gloomy wave, + The perils of the depths to brave. + Already he nears the flying bark, + Already his roar of grief they hark; + But his strength is spent, and the sea is strong, + And he may not the fearful struggle prolong. + His dying glances are fondly cast + Along the track where the loved one passed; + Then sinks to his grave + Beneath the wave, + And the night and the ocean behold him the last. +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What did Sir Walter discover as he was + riding over the Syrian waste? 2. What did he do? 3. What did + the lion do, after being released? 4. Did the sailors allow + the lion to go on board the ship? 5. What did the lion then + do? 6. What became of him? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson76"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXVI. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + VAL' IANT, strong; courageous,<br> + INC LI NA' TION, desire; tendency.<br> + RE PLEN' ISH ED, filled up.<br> + DIS SEV' ER, part; sunder.<br> + SHIV' ER, dash to pieces.<br> + EC STAT' IC, rapturous.<br> + CON CLU' SION, result.<br> + CON CEP' TION, thought; idea.<br> + DEF' ER ENCE, respect.<br> + PHYS I CAL, material.<br> + AR' RANT, mere; vile.<br> + TIME'-BAN DI ED, time-lost.<br> + DE VEL' OP ED, brought out.<br> + CON STEL LA' TIONS, clusters of stars.<br> + DE SIGN ED, planned.<br> + COM BIN' ED, united.<br> + <br> + UNINTERRUPTED, (UN, <i>not</i>; INTER, <i>in between</i>; + RUPTED, <i>broken</i>;) not broken in between; unbroken. + </div> + <p> + It is sometimes desirable to have each member of the class + read a piece complete in itself. To answer this end, the + following collection of brief, though beautiful productions, + have been brought together all under one head. + </p> + <h4> + CHOICE EXTRACTS. + </h4> + <h5> + I. + </h5> + <h6> + WHAT REALLY BENEFITS US. + </h6> + <p> + It is not what we earn, but what we save, that makes us rich. + It is not what we eat, but what we digest, that makes us + strong. It is not what we read, but what we remember, that + makes us learned. It is not what we intend, but what we do, + that makes us useful. It is not a few faint wishes, but a + life-long struggle, that makes us valiant. + </p> + <h5> + II. + </h5> + <h6> + GOD'S LOVE. + </h6> + <pre> +There's not a flower that decks the vale, + There's not a beam that lights the mountain, +There's not a shrub that scents the gale, + There's not a wind that stirs the fountain, +There's not a hue that paints the rose, + There's not a leaf around us lying, +But in its use or beauty shows + God's love to us, and love undying! +</pre> + <h5> + III. + </h5> + <h6> + LIFE-WORK. + </h6> + <p> + To acquire a thorough knowledge of our own hearts and + characters, to restrain every irregular inclination, to + subdue every rebellious passion, to purify the motives of our + conduct, to form ourselves to that temperance which no + pleasure can seduce, to that meekness which no provocation + can ruffle, to that patience which no affliction can + overwhelm, and that integrity which no interest can shake; + <i>this is the task which is assigned to us</i>,—a task + which can not be performed without the utmost diligence and + care. + </p> + <h5> + IV. + </h5> + <h6> + HUMILITY. + </h6> + <p> + <br> + The brightest stars are burning suns;<br> + The deepest water stillest runs;<br> + The laden bee the lowest flies;<br> + The richest mine the deepest lies;<br> + The stalk that's most replenished,<br> + Doth bow the most its modest head.<br> + Thus, deep Humility we find<br> + The mark of every master-mind;<br> + The highest-gifted lowliest bends,<br> + And merit meekest condescends,<br> + And shuns the fame that fools adore,—<br> + That puff that bids a feather soar. + </p> + <h5> + V. + </h5> + <h6> + BENEFITS OF ADVERSITY. + </h6> + <p> + A smooth sea never made a skillful mariner. Neither do + uninterrupted prosperity and success qualify man for + usefulness or happiness. The storms of adversity, like the + storms of the ocean, rouse the faculties and excite the + invention, prudence, skill, and fortitude of the voyager. + </p> + <h5> + VI. + </h5> + <h6> + OUR MOUNTAIN HOMES. + </h6> + <p class="rauth"> + MRS. S.R.A. BARNES. + </p> + <pre> +Why turn we to our mountain homes + With more than filial feeling? +'Tis <i>here</i> that Freedom's altars rise, + And Freedom's sons are kneeling! +Why sigh we not for softer climes? + Why cling to that which bore us? +<i>'Tis here we tread on Freedom's soil,</i> +<i>With Freedom's sunshine o'er us!</i> +</pre> + <h5> + VII. + </h5> + <h6> + MAKE A BEGINNING. + </h6> + <p> + If you do not begin, you will never come to the end. The + first weed pulled up in the garden, the first seed set in the + ground, the first dollar put in the savings-bank, and the + first mile traveled on a journey, are all important things; + they make a <i>beginning</i>, and thereby give a hope, a + promise, a pledge, an assurance that you are in earnest in + what you have undertaken. How many a poor, idle, erring, + hesitating outcast is now creeping his way through the world, + who might have held up his head and prospered, if, instead of + putting off his resolutions of amendment and industry, he had + only made a beginning! + </p> + <h5> + VIII. + </h5> + <h6> + INFLUENCE. + </h6> + <p class="rauth"> + GEORGE W. BUNGAY. + </p> + <pre> +1. Drop follows drop, and swells + With rain the sweeping river; + Word follows word, and tells + A truth that lives forever. +2. Flake follows flake, like sprites + Whose wings the winds dissever; + Thought follows thought, and lights + The realm of mind forever. +3. Beam follows beam to cheer, + The cloud a bolt might shiver; + Throb follows throb, and fear + Gives place to joy forever. +4. The drop, the flake, the beam, + Teach us a lesson ever; + The word, the thought, the dream + Impress the soul forever. +</pre> + <h5> + IX. + </h5> + <h6> + PLEASURE IN ACQUIRING KNOWLEDGE. + </h6> + <p class="rauth"> + CAROLINE F. ORNE. + </p> + <p> + 1. Note the ecstatic joy of the student, who has labored long + over a problem or proposition, but finally comes to a logical + conclusion; who has struggled with the misty darkness of his + own mind, for a clear view of some difficult subject, until + the clouds, one after another, have dispersed, and he + beholds, with his mental vision, in bright and glorious + light, the conception for which he labored. Think you he + would exchange his joys for the pleasures of sense'? It is of + a higher and more ennobling character, and not to be bartered + for paltry wealth. + </p> + <p> + 2. What dignity and self-respect invest the man of thought! + His very looks bespeak of mind. He is approached with + deference, as a being of higher order in the scale of + intelligence,—as one who has a right to command and be + obeyed. For what moves mind, but mind? A strong intellect, + coming in contact with one of less energy, will as naturally + move it, as superior physical strength will overcome the + weaker. + </p> + <h5> + X. + </h5> + <h6> + WHAT IS FAME? + </h6> + <p class="rauth"> + MOTHERWELL. + </p> + <pre> +What is glory`? What is fame`? +The echo of a long-lost name`; +A breath`, an idle hour's brief talk`; +The shadow of an arrant naught`; +A flower that blossoms for a day`, + Dying next morrow'; +A stream that hurries on its way, + Singing of sorrow'; +A fortune that to lose were gain`; +A word of praise, perchance of blame`; +The wreck of a time-bandied name`— +<i>Ay` this is glory`! this is fame`!</i> +</pre> + <h5> + XI. + </h5> + <h6> + CULTIVATED INTELLECT. + </h6> + <p> + Ah! well do we all know the worth of intelligence, the power + of knowledge, and the beauty and glory of wisdom. It is + <i>educated manhood</i> that wakes up the sleeping soil, + covers the earth with good, that gathers in the golden + harvest, that clothes the naked, that feeds the hungry. It is + the <i>cultivated mind</i> that applies the strength of the + ox and the fleetness of the horse; that bridges the river, + that turns to use the flying winds, that makes the lightning + its swift messenger, that makes beautiful palaces of dull + clay, that rouses the dead ore to active life, that covers + the sea with ships, and the land with mighty engines of + wealth. It is the <i>developed intellect</i> that flies + through the upper air, that mingles with the stars, that + follows the moon in her course, that overtakes the + constellations in their orbits, that weighs the sun, that + measures the distance to the polar star. It is the + <i>enlightened soul</i> that worships God. + </p> + <h5> + XII. + </h5> + <h6> + GOD'S WORKS ATTEST HIS GREATNESS. + </h6> + <p class="rauth"> + MRS. OPIE. + </p> + <pre> +1. There's not a leaf within the bower; + There's not a bird upon the tree; + There's not a dew-drop on the flower, + But bears the impress, Lord, of Thee. +2. Thy hand the varied leaf designed, + And gave the bird its thrilling tone; + Thy power the dewdrop's tints combined, + Till like the diamond's blaze they shone. +3. Yes, dewdrops, leaves, and buds, and all + The smallest, like the greatest things,— + The sea's vast space, the earth's wide ball, + Alike proclaim Thee King of kings. +4. But man alone to bounteous Heaven, + Thanksgiving's conscious strains can raise; + To favored man alone 'tis given + To join the angelic choir in praise! +</pre> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson77"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXVII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + MO NOT' O NOUS, dull; uniform.<br> + HAR POON', barbed spear.<br> + AG' I TA TED, disturbed.<br> + RE VER' BER ATES, rebounds; re-echoes.<br> + WRITHES, twists, or turns in agony.<br> + CON TOR' TIONS, twistings; writhings.<br> + VE LOC' I TY, swiftness.<br> + IG NITES', takes fire.<br> + FRIC' TION, rubbing together.<br> + COILS, winds into a ring.<br> + PRO JECT' ED, thrown out or forward.<br> + VO CIF' ER A TED, shouted.<br> + IN FU' RI A TED, enraged.<br> + UN RE LENT' ING, unfeeling.<br> + CON VUL' SIONS, violent spasms.<br> + REN COUN' TER, fight; conflict. + </div> + <h4> + CAPTURE OF THE WHALE. + </h4> + <p> + 1. Let the reader suppose himself on the deck of a + South-seaman, cruising in the North Pacific ocean. He may be + musing over some past event, the ship may be sailing gently + along over the smooth ocean, every thing around solemnly + still, with the sun pouring its intense rays with dazzling + brightness. Suddenly the monotonous quietude is broken by an + animated voice from the masthead, exclaiming, <i>"There he + spouts!"</i> + </p> + <p> + 2. The captain starts on deck in an instant, and inquires + <i>"Where away?"</i> but, perhaps, the next moment every one + aloft and on deck, can perceive an enormous whale lying about + a quarter of a mile from the ship, on the surface of the sea, + having just come up to breathe,—his large "hump" + projecting three feet out of the water. At the end of every + ten seconds, the spout is seen rushing from the fore part of + his enormous head, followed by the cry of every one on board, + who join in the chorus of <i>"There again!"</i> keeping time + with the duration of the spout. + </p> + <p> + 3. But, while they have been looking, a few seconds have + expired. They rush into the boats, which are directly lowered + to receive them; and in two minutes from the time of first + observing the whale, three or four boats are down, and are + darting through the water with their utmost speed toward + their intended victim, perhaps accompanied with a song from + the headsman, who urges the quick and powerful plying of the + oar, with the common whaling chant of + </p> + <pre> +"Away, my boys, away, my boys, 'tis time for us to go." +</pre> + <p> + 4. But, while they are rushing along, the whale is breathing; + they have yet, perhaps, some distance to pull before they can + get a chance of striking him with the harpoon. His "spoutings + are nearly out," he is about to descend, or he hears the + boats approaching. The few sailors left on board, and who are + anxiously watching the whale and the gradual approach of the + boats, exclaim, <i>"Ah, he is going down!"</i> Yet he spouts + again, but slowly, the water is seen agitated around him; the + spectators on board with breathless anxiety think they + perceive him rising in preparation for his descent. <i>"He + will be lost!"</i> they exclaim; for the boats are not yet + near enough to strike him, and the men are still bending + their oars in each boat with all their strength, to claim the + honor of the first blow with the harpoon. + </p> + <p> + 5. The bow-boat has the advantage of being the nearest to the + whale; the others, for fear of disturbing the unconscious + monster, are now ordered to drop astern. One more spout is + seen slowly curling forth,—it is his last; but the boat + shoots rapidly alongside of the gigantic creature. <i>"Peak + your oars!"</i> exclaims the mate, and directly they flourish + in the air; the glistening harpoon is seen above the head of + the harpooner. In an instant it is darted with unerring force + and aim, and is buried deeply in the side of the huge animal. + It is "socket up;" that is, it is buried in his flesh up to + the socket which admits the handle or pole of the harpoon. + </p> + <p> + 6. A cheer from those in the boats, and from the seamen on + board, reverberates along the still deep at the same moment. + The sea, which a moment before was unruffled, now becomes + lashed into foam by the immense strength of the wounded + whale, which, with its vast tail, strikes in all directions + at his enemies. Now his enormous head rises high into the + air, then his flukes are seen lashing everywhere, his huge + body writhes in violent contortions from the agony the + harpoon has inflicted. The water all around him is a mass of + foam, and the sounds of the blows from his tail on the + surface of the sea, can be heard for miles! + </p> + <p> + 7. <i>"Stern all!"</i> cries the headsman; but the whale + suddenly disappears; he has "sounded;" the line is running + through the groove at the head of the boat, with + lightning-like velocity; it smokes; it ignites from the heat + produced by the friction; but the headsman, cool and + collected, pours water upon it as it passes. But an oar is + now held up in their boat; it signifies that their line is + rapidly running out; two hundred fathoms are nearly + exhausted; up flies one of the other boats, and "bends on" + another line, just in time to save that which was nearly + lost. + </p> + <p> + 8. But still the monster descends; he is seeking to rid + himself of his enemies by descending deeply into the dark and + unknown depths of the vast ocean. Two more lines are + exhausted,—he is <i>six hundred fathoms deep! "Stand + ready to bend on!"</i> cries the mate to the fourth boat; + (for sometimes they take the whole four lines away with + them,—<i>eight hundred fathoms!!</i>) but, it is not + required, he is rising. <i>"Haul in the slack!"</i> observes + the headsman, while the boat-steerer coils it again carefully + into the tubs as it is drawn up. + </p> + <p> + 9. The whale is now seen approaching the surface; the + gurgling and bubbling water which rises, proclaims that he is + near; his nose starts from the sea; the rushing spout is + projected high and suddenly, from his agitation. The slack of + the line is now coiled in the tubs, and those in the fast + boat, haul themselves gently toward the whale. The + boat-steerer places the headsman close to the fin of the + trembling animal, who immediately buries his long lance in + the vitals of the leviathan, while, at the same moment, those + in one of the other boats, dart another harpoon into his + opposite side. Then, <i>"Stern all!"</i> is again + vociferated, and the boats shoot rapidly away from the + danger. + </p> + <p> + 10. Mad with the agony which he endures from these fresh + attacks, the infuriated "sea monster" rolls over and over, + and coils an amazing length of line around him. He rears his + enormous head, and, with wide-expanded jaws, snaps at every + thing around him. He rushes at the boats with his + head,—they are propelled before him with vast + swiftness, and sometimes utterly destroyed. + </p> + <p> + 11. He is lanced again,—and his pain appears more than + he can bear. He throws himself, in his agony, completely out + of his element; the boats are violently jerked, by which one + of the lines is snapped asunder; at the same time the other + boat is upset, and its crew are swimming for their lives. The + whale is now free! he passes along the surface with + remarkable swiftness, "going head out;" but the two boats + that have not yet "fastened," and are fresh and free, now + give chase. + </p> + <p> + 12. The whale becomes exhausted from the blood which flows + from his deep and dangerous wounds, and the two hundred + fathoms of line belonging to the overturned boat, which he is + dragging after him through the water, checks him in his + course; his pursuers again overtake him, and another harpoon + is darted and buried deeply in his flesh. + </p> + <p> + 13. The fatal lance is, at length, given; the blood gushes + from the nostrils of the unfortunate animal in a thick, black + stream, which stains the clear blue water of the ocean to a + considerable distance around the scene of the affray. The + immense creature may now again endeavor to "sound," to escape + from his unrelenting pursuers; but he is powerless. He soon + rises to the surface, and passes slowly along until the + death-pang seizes him, when his appearance is awful in the + extreme. + </p> + <p> + 14. Suffering from suffocation, or from the stoppage of some + important organ, the whole strength of his enormous frame is + set in motion, for a few seconds, when his convulsions throw + him into a hundred different contortions of the most violent + description, by which the sea is beaten into foam, and boats + are sometimes crushed to atoms, with their crews. + </p> + <p> + 15. But this violent action being soon over, the now + unconscious animal passes rapidly along, describing in his + rapid course the segment of a circle; this is his "flurry," + which ends in his sudden dissolution. The mighty rencounter + is finished. The gigantic animal rolls over on his side, and + floats an inanimate mass on the surface of the crystal + deep,—a victim to the tyranny and selfishness, as well + as a wonderful proof of the <i>great power of the mind of + man</i>. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. How are whales generally discovered? 2. + Why do they come to the surface of the water? 3. How far do + they sometimes descend in the ocean? 4. Describe the manner + in which they are captured. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson78"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXVIII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + A'ER O NAUT, one who sails in the air.<br> + RE DOUB LED, repeated.<br> + MAG NIF I CENT, grand; splendid.<br> + EL' E VA TED, raised; excited.<br> + GON' DO LA, small boat.<br> + BE GIRT', surrounded.<br> + RO TA RY, turning; revolving.<br> + IN TEN' SI TY, extreme degree.<br> + A' ER OS TAT, air-balloon.<br> + IN TER MI NA BLE, boundless.<br> + VA' RI E GA TED, diversified; varied.<br> + VERG' ING, tending; inclining.<br> + OB LIQUE' LY, slantingly.<br> + RES PI RA' TION, act of breathing.<br> + ZE' NITH, point in the heavens directly over head.<br> + MAN' DI BLES, jaws.<br> + EU ROC' LY DON, tempestuous wind. + </div> + <h4> + LEAVES FROM AN AERONAUT. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + WILLIS GAYLORD CLARK. + </p> + <p> + 1. My hour had now come, and I entered the car. With a + singular taste, the band struck up, at this moment, the + melting air of "Sweet Home." It almost overcame me. A + thousand associations of youth, friends, of all that I must + leave, rushed upon my mind. But I had no leisure for + sentiment. A buzz ran through the assemblage; unnumbered + hands were clapping, unnumbered hearts beating high; and + <i>I</i> was the cause. Every eye was upon me. There was + pride in the thought. + </p> + <p> + 2. "Let go!" was the word. The cheers redoubled; + handkerchiefs waved from many a fair hand; bright faces + beamed from every window, and on every side. One dash with my + knife, and I rose aloft, a habitant of air. How magnificent + was the sight which now burst upon me! How sublime were my + sensations! I waved the flag of my country; the cheers of the + multitude from a thousand housetops, reached me on the + breeze; and a taste of the rarer atmosphere elevated my + spirits into ecstasy. + </p> + <p> + 3. The city, with a brilliant sunshine striking the spires + and domes, now unfolded to view a sight incomparably + beautiful. My gondola went easily upward, cleaving the depths + of heaven like a vital thing. A diagram placed before you, on + the table, could not permit you to trace more definitely than + I now could, the streets, the highways, basins, wharves, and + squares of the town. The hum of the city arose to my ear, as + from a vast bee-hive; and I seemed the monarch-bee, directing + the swarm. + </p> + <p> + 4. I heard the rattling of carriages, the hearty + <i>yo-heavo-s!</i> of sailors from the docks that, begirt + with spars, hemmed the city round. I was a spectator of all, + yet aloof, and alone. Increasing stillness attended my way; + and, at last, the murmurs of earth came to my ear like the + vast vibrations of a bell. My car tilted and trembled, as I + rose. A swift wind sometimes gave the balloon a rotary + motion, which made me deathly sick for a moment; but strong + emotion conquered all my physical ailings. + </p> + <p> + 5. My brain ached with the intensity of my rapture. Human + sounds had fainted from my ear. I was in the abyss of heaven, + and <i>alone</i> with my God. I could tell my direction by + the sun on my left; and, as his rays played on the aerostat, + it seemed only a bright bubble, wavering in the sky, and I, a + suspended mote, hung by chance to its train. Looking below + me, the distant Sound and Long Island appeared to the east; + the bay lay to the south, sprinkled with shipping; under me, + the city, girded with bright rivers and sparry forests. + </p> + <p> + 6. The free wind was on my cheek, and in my locks; afar, the + ocean rolled its long, blue waves, checkered with masses of + shadow, and gushes of ruby sunlight; to the north and west, + the interminable land, variegated like a map, dotted with + purple, and green, and silver, faded to the eye. The + atmosphere which I now breathed, seemed to dilate my heart at + every breath. I uttered some audible expressions. My voice + was weaker than the faintest sound of a reed. There was no + object near to make it reverb or echo. + </p> + <p> + 7. My barometer now denoted an immense hight; and, as I + looked upward and around, the concave above seemed like a + mighty waste of purple air, verging to blackness. Below, it + was lighter; but a long, lurid bar of cloud stretched along + the west, temporarily excluding the sun. The shadows rushed + afar into the void, and a solemn, Sabbath twilight reigned + around. I was now startled by a fluttering in my gondola. It + was my carrier-pigeon. I had forgotten him entirely. I + attached a string to his neck, with a label, announcing my + hight, then nearly four miles, and the state of the + barometer. + </p> + <p> + 8. As he sat on the side of the car, and turned his tender + eyes upon me in mute supplication, every feather shivering + with apprehension, I felt that it was a guilty act to push + him into the waste beneath. But it was done; he attempted to + rise, but I out-sped him; he then fell obliquely, fluttering + and moaning, till I lost him in the haze. My greatest + altitude had not yet been reached. I was now five miles from + <i>terra firma</i>. [Footnote: Solid earth.] I began to + breathe with difficulty. The atmosphere was too rare for safe + respiration. + </p> + <p> + 9. I pulled my valve-cord to descend. It refused to obey my + hand. For a moment I was horror-struck. What was to be done? + If I ascended much higher, the balloon would explode. I threw + over some tissue paper to test my progress. It is well known + that this will <i>rise</i> very swiftly. It <i>fell</i>, as + if blown downward by a wind from the zenith. I was going + upward like an arrow. I attempted to pray, but my parched + lips could not move. I seized the cord again, with desperate + energy. Blessed Heaven! it moved. + </p> + <p> + 10. I threw out more tissue. It rose to me like a wing of + joy. I was descending. Though far from sunset, it was now + dark about me, except a track of blood-red haze in the + direction of the sun. I encountered a strong current of wind; + mist was about me; it lay like dew upon my coat. At last, a + thick bar of vapor being past, what a scene was disclosed! A + storm was sweeping through the sky, nearly a mile beneath; + and I looked down upon an ocean of rainbows, rolling in + indescribable grandeur, to the music of the thunder-peal, as + it moaned afar and near, on the coming and dying wind. + </p> + <p> + 11. A frightened eagle had ascended through the tempest, and + sailed for minutes by my side, looking at me with panting + weariness, and quivering mandibles, but with a dilated eye, + whose keen iris flashed unsubdued. Proud emblem of my + country! As he fanned me with his heavy wing, and looked with + a human intelligence at the car, my pulse bounded with + exulting rapture. Like the genius of my native land, he had + risen above every storm, unfettered and FREE. + </p> + <p> + 12. But my transports were soon at an end. He attempted to + light on the balloon, and my heart sunk; I feared his huge + claws would tear the silk. I pulled my cord; he rose, as I + sank, and the blast swept him from my view in a moment. A + flock of wild-fowl, beat by the storm, were coursing below, + on bewildered pinions; and, as I was nearing them, I knew I + was descending. A breaking rift now admitted the sun. The + rainbows tossed and gleamed; chains of fleecy rack, shining + in prismatic rays of gold, and purple, and emerald, + "beautiful exceedingly," spread on every hand. + </p> + <p> + 13. Vast curtains of clouds pavilioned the immensity, + brighter than celestial roses; masses of mist were lifted on + high, like strips of living fire, more radiant than the sun + himself, when his glorious noontide culminates from the + equator. A kind of aërial Euroclydon now smote my car, + and three of the cords parted, which tilted my gondola to the + side, filling me with terror. I caught the broken cords in my + hand, but could not tie them. + </p> + <p> + 14. The storm below was now rapidly passing away, and beneath + its waving outline, to the south-east, I saw the ocean. Ships + were speeding on their course, and their bright sails melting + into distance; a rainbow hung afar; and the rolling anthems + of the Atlantic came like celestial hymnings to my ear. + Presently all was clear below me. The fresh air played + around. I had taken a noble circuit; and my last view was + better than the first, I was far over the bay, "afloating + sweetly to the west." The city, colored by the last blaze of + day, brightened remotely to the view. + </p> + <p> + 15. Below, ships were hastening to and fro through the + Narrows, and the far country lay smiling like an Eden. Bright + rivers ran like ribbons of gold and silver, till they were + lost in the vast inland, stretching beyond the view; the + gilded mountains were flinging their purple shadows over many + a vale; bays were blushing to the farewell day-beams; and now + I was passing over a green island. I sailed to the mainland; + saw the tall, old trees waving to the evening breeze; heard + the rural lowing of herds, and the welcome sound of human + voices; and, finally, sweeping over forest-tops and embowered + villages, at last, descended with the sun, among a + kind-hearted, surprised, and hospitable community, in as + pretty a town as one could desire to see, "safe and well." + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What demonstrations were made by the + people as the aeronaut began to ascend? 2. How did the city + and other objects appear to him? 3. What could he hear? 4. + Describe the appearance of the ocean. 5. What did he do with + his carrier-pigeon? 6. How high did he ascend? 7. Describe + his descent. 8. What is said about the eagle that came near + him? 9. Describe the appearance of the clouds beneath him. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson79"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXIX. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + BOUN' TY, charity; favor.<br> + FRU' GAL, prudent; economical.<br> + FLOUR' ISH ED, thrived; prospered.<br> + DIS CHARG' ED, performed.<br> + BREED' ING, education.<br> + EM BRAC' ED, accepted.<br> + MAIN TAIN' ED, supported.<br> + TRUDG' ED, traveled.<br> + BE GUIL' ED, amused.<br> + LE' GAL, lawful.<br> + TWAIN, two.<br> + BE WITCH' ING, charming.<br> + YOUNK' ER, lad; youngster.<br> + MED' I TA TIVE, thoughtful.<br> + <br> + PRO VOK' ED, (PRO, <i>forward, forth</i>; VOKED, + <i>called</i>;) called forth; excited.<br> + <br> + IN CLUDE', (IN, <i>in</i>; CLUDE, <i>shut</i>;) shut in; + inclose.<br> + <br> + IN SERT', (IN, <i>in</i>; SERT, <i>join, set</i>;) join, or + set in; put in. + </div> + <h4> + THE DAPPLE MARE. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + JOHN G. SAXE. + </p> + <pre> + 1. "Once on a time," as ancient tales declare, + There lived a farmer in a quiet dell + In Massachusetts, but exactly where, + Or when, is really more than I can tell,— + Except that quite above the public bounty, + He lived within his means and Bristol county. + 2. By patient labor and unceasing care, + He earned, and so enjoyed, his daily bread; + Contented always with his frugal fare, + Ambition to be rich ne'er vexed his head; + And thus unknown to envy, want, or wealth, + He flourished long in comfort, peace, and health. + 3. The gentle partner of his humble lot, + The joy and jewel of his wedded life, + Discharged the duties of his peaceful cot, + Like a true woman and a faithful wife; + Her mind improved by thought and useful reading, + Kind words and gentle manners showed her breeding. + 4. Grown old, at last, the farmer called his son, + The youngest, (and the favorite I suppose,) And said,— + "I long have thought, my darling John, + 'Tis time to bring my labors to a close; + So now to toil I mean to bid adieu, + And deed, my son, the homestead-farm to you." + 5. The boy embraced the boon with vast delight, + And promised, while their precious lives remained, + He'd till and tend the farm from morn till night, + And see his parents handsomely maintained; + God help him, he would never fail to love, nor + Do aught to grieve his gen'rous old gov'nor. + 6. The farmer said,—"Well, let us now proceed, + (You know there's always danger in delay,) + And get 'Squire Robinson to write the deed; + Come,—where's my staff?—we'll soon be on the way." + But John replied, with tender, filial care, + "You're old and weak—I'll catch the Dapple Mare." + 7. The mare was saddled, and the old man got on, + The boy on foot trudged cheerfully along, + The while, to cheer his sire, the duteous son + Beguiled the weary way with talk and song. + Arrived, at length, they found the 'Squire at home, + And quickly told him wherefore they had come. + 8. The deed was writ in proper form of law, + With many a "foresaid," "therefore," and "the same," + And made throughout without mistake or flaw, + To show that John had now a legal claim + To all his father's land—conveyed, given, sold, + Quit-claimed, et cetera,[Footnote 1]—to have and hold. + 9. Their business done, they left the lawyer's door, + Happier, perhaps, than when they entered there; + And started off as they had done before,— + The son on foot, the father on the mare. + But ere the twain a single mile had gone, + A brilliant thought occurred to Master John. +10. Alas for truth!—alas for filial duty!— + Alas that Satan in the shape of pride, + (His most bewitching form save that of beauty,) + Whispered the lad—"My boy, you ought to ride!" + "Get off!" exclaimed the younker—"'t isn't fair + That you should always ride the Dapple Mare!" +11. The son was lusty, and the sire was old, + And so, with many an oath and many a frown, + The hapless father did as he was told; + The man got off the steed, the boy got on, + And rode away as fast as she could trot, + And left his sire to trudge it home on foot! +12. That night, while seated round the kitchen fire + The household sat, cheerful as if no word + Or deed, provoked the injured father's ire, + Or aught to make him sad had e'er occurred,— + Thus spoke he to his son: "We quite forgot, + I think, t'include that little turnip lot!" +13. "I'm very sure, my son, it wouldn't hurt it," + Calmly observed the meditative sire, + "To take the deed, my lad, and just insert it;" + Here the old man inserts it—<i>in the fire!</i> + Then cries aloud with most triumphant air, + "Who now, my son, shall ride the Dapple Mare?" +</pre> + <p> + [Footnote 1: And so forth.] + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What proposition did the father make to + his son? 2. What did the son promise to do? 3. How did the + son treat his father after he got the deed? 4. What did the + old gentleman do? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson80"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXX. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + HARD' I HOOD, bravery.<br> + MAIN TRUCK, small cap at the top of a flagstaff or + masthead.<br> + A GHAST', horrified.<br> + GROUPS, clusters; crowds.<br> + PAL' LID, pale.<br> + LU' RID, dismal; gloomy.<br> + HUE, color.<br> + RIV' ET TED, firmly fixed.<br> + FOLD' ED, embraced; clasped. + </div> + <h4> + A LEAP FOR LIFE. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + GEORGE P. MORRIS. + </p> + <pre> +1. Old Ironsides at anchor lay, +(<i>sl</i>.) In the harbor of Mahon[1]; + A dead calm rested on the bay,— + The waves to sleep had gone,— + When little Jack,[2] the captain's son, + With gallant hardihood, + Climbed shroud and spar,—and then upon + The main-truck rose and stood! +2. A shudder ran through every vein,— + All eyes were turned on high! + There stood the boy, with dizzy brain, + Between the sea and sky! + No hold had he above,—below, + Alone he stood in air! + At that far hight none dared to go,— + No aid could reach him there. +3. We gazed,—but not a man could speak; + With horror all aghast, + In groups, with pallid brow and cheek, + We watched the quivering mast! + The atmosphere grew thick and hot, + And of a lurid hue, + As, riveted unto the spot, + Stood officers and crew. +4. The father came on deck. He gasped, + "O God, Thy will be done!" + Then suddenly a rifle grasped, + And aimed it at his son! + "Jump far out, boy, into the wave! + Jump, or I fire!" he said. + "That only chance your life can save: +(<i>''</i>) Jump! jump, boy!" He obeyed. +5. He sank,—he rose,—he lived,—he moved,— + He for the ship struck out! + On board we hailed the lad beloved + With many a manly shout. + His father drew, in silent joy, + Those wet arms round his neck, + Then folded to his heart the boy, + And fainted on the deck! +</pre> + <p> + [Footnote 1: MA HON', (<i>Ma hone</i>,) a sea-port town on + the island of Minorca, in the Mediterranean Sea.] + </p> + <p> + [Footnote 2: A name commonly applied to a young sailor.] + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What did the captain's son do, on board + the Ironsides? 2. Describe his situation. 3. What is said of + the officers and crew? 4. What did the father say and do? 5. + What did the boy do? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson81"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXXI. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + COM MIN' GLE, mix or unite.<br> + PE DES' TRI AN, traveler on foot.<br> + PROM' I NENT, important.<br> + TRAG' lC, fatal; mournful.<br> + NAR RATE', tell; relate.<br> + YORE, olden time.<br> + WI' LY, craft; cunning.<br> + RE LENT' LESS, hard-hearted; cruel.<br> + WIG' WAM, Indian hut or cabin.<br> + EM BARK' ED, went aboard.<br> + TWANG, quick, sharp sound.<br> + SPA' CIOUS, large; capacious.<br> + WA' RI LY, cautiously.<br> + MYS TE' RI OUS LY, strangely.<br> + OM' IN OUS, foreboding ill.<br> + IM PLA' CA BLE, relentless.<br> + <br> + UN TRACE' A BLE, (UN, <i>not</i>; TRACE, <i>mark</i>; ABLE, + <i>that can be</i>;) that can not be marked, or traced; not + found out. + </div> + <h4> + THE INDIAN BRIDE'S REVENGE. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + L.M. STOWELL. + </p> + <p> + 1. In the State of New York, where the dark, foaming waters + of the Black River, after roaring and surging through many + pleasant fields, beautiful groves, and dense woodlands, + commingle with the clear, cold waters of Lake Ontario, the + wandering pedestrian or the lone fisherman may see, resting + upon a gravelly flat, the remains of an <i>old Indian + canoe</i>, whose once beautiful proportions, now untraceable + in its rottenness, bore a prominent part in the tragic event + I am about to narrate. + </p> + <p> + 2. Through these pleasant valleys, among the broken hills, + and in the majestic forests, of yore, the wily Indian and his + dusky mate, held undisputed possession; and many are the + incidents, yet unwritten, of tragic and thrilling interest, + that transpired around the red men's camp-fire, ere the white + man disturbed their forest homes. + </p> + <p> + 3. Si öus' ka, or the "Wild Flower," was the daughter of + a powerful chief of the Onondagas, and the only being ever + known to turn the relentless old chief from a savage purpose. + Something of this influence was owing to her great beauty; + but more to the gentleness of which that beauty was the + emblem. Her downcast eye, her trembling lip, her quiet, + submissive motion, all bespoke its language; and many were + the young chieftains that sought to win her affections. + </p> + <p> + 4. Among her admirers were two young chiefs of the Oneidas, + with whom the Onondagas were on the most friendly terms. Si + öus' ka's father, in order to cherish the friendly + feeling of the two tribes, and, at the same time, strengthen + his power, besought her to accept the more powerful chief, + "Eagle Eye." He did not plead in vain; for she had long loved + the young Oneida. + </p> + <p> + 5. One bright sunny morning, in early spring, as the old + chief was out hunting, the young Oneida crossed his path, + upon which the old man advanced, and, laying his hand upon + his shoulder, pointed to the dwelling of Si öus' ka. Not + a word was spoken. The proud old man and the strong, young + chief proceeded toward her wigwam, and entered together. + </p> + <p> + 6. Si öus' ka was seated in one corner, engaged upon + some fancy basket-work, and did not notice their approach + until they had entered. The old chief looked upon her with an + expression of love, which his stern countenance never wore + except in her presence. "Siöus'ka," he said in a subdued + tone, "Go to the wigwam of the Oneida, that your father's + tribe may be strengthened, and many moons may shine upon + their peace and prosperity." + </p> + <p> + 7. There was mingled joy and modesty in the upward glance of + the "Wild Flower" of the Onondagas, and, when the young chief + saw the light of her mild eye suddenly and timidly vailed by + its deeply-fringed lid, he knew that her love had lost none + of its power. The marriage song was soon sung in the royal + wigwam, in which the sweet voice of Siöus'ka was happily + heard to mingle. + </p> + <p> + 8. When the rejected chief of the Oneidas heard that the + "Wild Flower" had mated with the "Eagle Eye," his wrath knew + no bounds, and he secretly resolved upon revenge. Two years + passed away, and, as yet, no good opportunity had arrived; + for he dared not attack "Eagle Eye" in open conflict, for + fear of his superior powers; and, assassin-like, he sought to + give the blow unperceived. + </p> + <p> + 9. At length, the spring came, and a number of the tribe + prepared to visit Lake Ontario, on a fishing and hunting + excursion. Among the number who went, were the "Eagle Eye," + Siöus'ka, and their little boy. They were obliged to + carry their light, birchen canoes from home, and these were + packed with the necessary tackle, skins for beds, &c. The + strong men of the party carried the canoes on their + shoulders, and the women the smaller articles of furniture. + </p> + <p> + 10. They had advanced across the country, until they reached + the Black River, and, by carrying their canoes around falls + and rapids, gently floated down the stream till they reached + the great falls, about six miles from the Lake. Here they + halted for the night, and encamped about half a mile above + the falls. + </p> + <p> + 11. The morning came; and, as the first beam of the rising + sun pierced the forest shade, the party again embarked in + their canoes for the mouth of the river, the gaudy canoe of + Si ous' ka, which her father had given her, taking the lead. + They had scarcely started from the shore, ere the sharp twang + of a bow-string was heard from the shore, and an unerring + arrow pierced the heart of "Eagle Eye." He fell over the side + of the canoe, and was swept by the current over the great + falls. + </p> + <p> + 12. The party immediately started in pursuit of the coward + murderer; but they sought in vain. His hiding-place was too + sure,—he had taken refuge in a cave, the entrance of + which was hid from observation by a thick clump of cedars. + Here he remained till he was certain the company had + departed. This cave is still there, and I have often been in + its many chambers,—some of which are very spacious. + </p> + <p> + 13. The fatal shaft was winged from the bow of the revenged + Oneida chief. Having been apprised of the expedition, he had + warily dogged the steps of the party, until a favorable + opportunity presented itself, and then satisfied his secret + longing for revenge upon the enemy, whom he did not dare to + attack even-handed. The party sought him far and near; but, + as no trace of any one could be found, they imagined, with + superstitious fear, that the "Great Spirit" had thus summoned + "Eagle Eye" to the "Spirit's Hunting Ground." + </p> + <p> + 14. When they returned to their canoes, no traces of Si ous' + ka and her child were to be found. They, too, had + mysteriously disappeared, and the whole party, with ominous + silence, hastened around the falls, and away from the fearful + place. When Si ous' ka saw the fatal shaft pierce her + companion, with, a fearful shriek she fell into the bottom of + the canoe, hid herself in the furs, and immediately her + reason forsook her. + </p> + <p> + 15. When she recovered, she found that her canoe, urged on by + the current, had floated into a large cave, and was firmly + wedged in between two rocks; and her little boy, with his bow + and arrow in his hand, was quietly sleeping by her side. + Dislodging the canoe, she plied the oars, and was soon + outside the cave. + </p> + <p> + 16. On finding her people had left her, she sought the shore, + and, fastening the canoe, proceeded below the falls, where + she found the body of the ill-fated "Eagle Eye," where it had + washed ashore. With superhuman strength, she bore the mangled + body to a thick grove of cedars, and, with her own hands, dug + a rude grave, and covered his remains with dried leaves and + earth. That night she kept her lonely watch beside the grave + of all that she held dear on earth, save her boy, intending + to follow the party on the morrow. + </p> + <p> + 17. The morning came, and the mid-day sun began to descend + toward the western hills, ere she left the grave of the + murdered chief. But, at length, she sorrowfully departed; + and, on arriving where she moored the canoe the day before, + what was her surprise to see the murderer of her husband, + quietly sleeping upon the skins where last "Eagle Eye" had + reposed, in the bow of the canoe. + </p> + <p> + 18. From that moment Si öus' ka was changed. Her quiet, + submissive air immediately gave place to fierce sternness, + and the eye that had always beamed with the smile of love, + shot forth flashes of bitter hate and passion, implacable as + the most bloodthirsty of her tribe. Noiselessly throwing the + oars from the boat, with a wild shriek, she quickly swung it + around into the rapidly rolling current, and it was hurried + toward the brink of that awful cataract, over which no living + being had ever passed alive. + </p> + <p> + 19. The young chief, awakened by that fearful, exulting cry + of revenge, and seeing the peril of his situation, leaped + from the bark that was hurrying him to sure destruction, and + vainly sought to gain the shore. After struggling with the + swift tide for a moment, in which he was carried nearer and + nearer the awful brink, he turned, and, with a wild, + unearthly yell, plunged over, and the boiling waters only + responded to his death-wail, as he sunk to rise no more, and + his spirit joined that of his victim in the "Spirit Land." + </p> + <p> + 20. After the gentle "Wild Flower" had avenged the death of + the "Eagle Eye," she returned to her father's wigwam, and + spent the remainder of her life to the memory of her heart's + first devotion. The canoe, all battered and broken, floated + to the mouth of the river, bottom side up, where it was seen + by one of the party while fishing, drawn to the shore, and + left to decay. The party supposed that "Eagle Eye," Sious'ka, + and her child, had all perished in some mysterious manner. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. Who was Sious'ka? 2. Who became her + husband? 3. What effect had her marriage upon the rejected + Oneida chief? 4. In what way did he seek revenge? 5. How did + Sious'ka avenge the death of her husband? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson82"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXXII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + EN TER TAIN' ED, had; harbored.<br> + PE CUL IAR' I TY, something special.<br> + CHA GRIN'ED, (<i>sha grin'ed</i>,) vexed.<br> + MOR' TI FI ED, hurt in feeling.<br> + OUT STRIP', go beyond; excel.<br> + RI' VAL RY, emulation.<br> + RE VERS' ES, troubles; difficulties.<br> + IN VIG' OR A TED, made strong.<br> + DES O LA' TION, waste; ruin.<br> + REF' UGE, shelter; protection.<br> + <br> + SYM' PA THIZ ED, (SYM, <i>with</i>; PATH, <i>feeling</i>; + IZE, <i>make, have</i>; ED, <i>did</i>;) did have feeling + with. See Note on the suffix IZE, p. 132 of the ANALYSIS. + </div> + <p> + [Headnote 1: SIS' ER A, captain of the army of the + Canaanitish king, Jabin. He was utterly defeated by Barak. + Fleeing on foot, he took refuge in the tent of Jael, wife of + Heber. There, while asleep, Jael drove a nail through his + temples, and so he died. His mother, finding he did not + return from the battle, "looked out at a window, and cried + through the lattice, Why is his chariot so long in coming?" + Read 4th and 5th chapters of Judges.] + </p> + <h4> + A MOTHER'S LOVE. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + ALBERT BARNES. + </p> + <p> + 1. Many of us who are advanced beyond the period of + childhood, went out from home to embark on the stormy sea of + life. Of the feelings of a father, and of his interest in our + welfare, we have never entertained a doubt, and our home was + dear because he was there; but there was a peculiarity in the + feeling that it was the home of our mother. Where <i>she</i> + lived, there was a place that we felt was <i>home</i>. There + was <i>one place</i> where we would always be welcome, <i>one + place</i> where we would be met with a smile, <i>one + place</i> where we would be sure of a friend. + </p> + <p> + 2. The world might be indifferent to us. We might be + unsuccessful in our studies or our business. The new friends + which we supposed we had made, might prove to be false. The + honor which we thought we deserved, might be withheld from + us. We might be chagrined and mortified by seeing a rival + outstrip us, and bear away the prize which we sought. But + there <i>was</i> a place where no feelings of rivalry were + found, and where those whom the world overlooked, would be + sure of a friendly greeting. Whether pale and wan by study, + care, or sickness, or flushed with health and flattering + success, we were <i>sure</i> that we should be welcome there. + </p> + <p> + 3. Though the world was cold toward us, yet there was + <i>one</i> who always rejoiced in our success, and always was + affected in our reverses; and there was a <i>place</i> to + which we might go back from the storm which began to pelt us, + where we might rest, and become encouraged and invigorated + for a new conflict. So have I seen a bird, in its first + efforts to fly, leave its nest, and stretch its wings, and go + forth to the wide world. But the wind blew it back, and the + rain began to fall, and the darkness of night began to draw + on, and there was no shelter abroad, and it sought its way + back to its nest, to take shelter beneath its mother's wings, + and to be refreshed for the struggles of a new day; but then + it flew away to think of its nest and its mother no more. + </p> + <p> + 4. But not thus did we leave our home when we bade adieu to + it to go forth alone to the manly duties of life. Even amidst + the storms that then beat upon us, and the disappointments + that we met with, and the coldness of the world, we felt + still that there <i>was one</i> who sympathized in our + troubles, as well as rejoiced in our success, and that, + whatever might be abroad, when we entered the door of her + dwelling, we should be met with a smile. We expected that a + mother, like the mother of Sisera[Headnote 1], as she "looked + out at her window," waiting for the coming of her son laden + with the spoils of victory, would look out for <i>our</i> + coming, and that <i>our</i> return would renew her joy and + ours in our earlier days. + </p> + <p> + 5. It makes a sad desolation when, from such a place, a + mother is taken away, and when, whatever may be the sorrows + or the successes in life, she is to greet the returning son + or daughter no more. The home of our childhood may be still + lovely. The old family mansion—the green + fields—the running stream—the moss-covered + well—the trees—the lawn—the rose—the + sweet-brier—may be there. Perchance, too, there may be + an aged father, with venerable locks, sitting in his + loneliness, with every thing to command respect and love; but + she is not there. Her familiar voice is not heard. The mother + has been borne forth to sleep by the side of her children who + went before her, and the place is not what it was. + </p> + <p> + 6. There may be those there whom we much love; but <i>she</i> + is not there. We may have formed new relations in life, + tender and strong as they can be; we may have another home, + dear to us as was the home of our childhood, where there is + all in affection, kindness, and religion, to make us happy; + but <i>that</i> home is not what it was, and it will + <i>never</i> be what it was again. It is a loosening of one + of the cords which bound us to earth, designed to prepare us + for our eternal flight from every thing dear here below, and + to teach us that there is <i>no</i> place here, that is to be + our permanent home. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What renders home doubly endearing? 2. + Where are we always welcome? 3. Who always rejoices in our + successes, and is affected in our reverses? 4. Who was + Sisera, and what account is given of him? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson83"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXXIII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + UN SPOT' TED, pure; unstained.<br> + FAL' TER, fail.<br> + TRA' CER Y, traces; impressions.<br> + IM' PRESS, mark: stamp.<br> + DO MIN' ION, authority; predominance.<br> + SHRINK, withdraw.<br> + PUR SU' ING, following.<br> + STERN ER, harsher; more rigid.<br> + DE FY', dare; challenge.<br> + WHO' SO, any person whatever.<br> + TO' KEN, sign; indication.<br> + BROTH' ER HOOD, fraternity. + </div> + <h4> + THE LIFE-BOOK. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + HOME JOURNAL. + </p> + <pre> +1. Write, mother, write! + A new, unspotted book of life before thee, + Thine is the hand to trace upon its pages + The first few characters, to live in glory, + Or live in shame, through long, unending ages! + Write, mother, write! + Thy hand, though woman's, must not faint nor falter: + The lot is on thee,—nerve thee then with care,— + A <i>mother's tracery</i> time may never alter; + Be its first impress, then, the breath of prayer! + Write, mother, write! +2. Write, father, write! + Take thee a pen plucked from an eagle's pinion, + And write <i>immortal actions</i> for thy son; + Teach him that man forgets man's high dominion, + Creeping on earth, leaving <i>great deeds</i> undone! + Write, father, write! + Leave on his life-book a fond father's blessing, + To shield him 'mid temptation, toil, and sin. + And he shall go to glory's field, possessing +<i>Strength to contend, and confidence to win</i>. + Write, father, write! +3. Write, sister, write! + Nay, shrink not, for a sister's love is holy! + Write words the angels whisper in thine ears,— + No bud of sweet affection, howe'er lowly, + But planted here, will bloom in after years. + Write, sister, write! + Something to cheer him, his rough way pursuing, + For manhood's lot is sterner far than ours; + He may not pause,—he must be up and doing, + Whilst thou sitt'st idly, dreaming among flowers. + Write, sister, write! +4. Write, brother, write! + Strike a bold blow upon those kindred pages,— + Write; shoulder to shoulder, brother, we will go; + Heart linked to heart, though wild the conflict rages, + We will defy the battle and the foe. + Write, brother, write! + We who have trodden boyhood's path together, + Beneath the summer's sun and winter's sky, + What matter if life brings us some foul weather, + We may be stronger than adversity! + Write, brother, write! +5. Fellow immortal, write! + One GOD reigns in the Heavens,—there is no other,— + And <i>all mankind are brethren</i>—thus 'tis spoken,— + And whoso aids a sorrowing, struggling brother, + By kindly word, or deed, or friendly token, + Shall win the favor of our heavenly Father, + Who judges evil, and rewards the good, + And who hath linked the race of man together, + In one vast, universal brotherhood! + Fellow immortal, write! +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What may the mother write in the + Life-Book? 2. What, the father? 3. What, the sister? 4. What, + the brother? 5. What may all write? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson84"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXXIV. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + ODE, short poem.<br> + PA TER' NAL, coming by inheritance.<br> + AT TIRE', clothing; raiment.<br> + UN CON CERN' ED LY, without care.<br> + REC RE A' TION, amusement.<br> + IN' NO CENCE, freedom from guilt.<br> + MED I TA' TION, contemplation.<br> + UN LA MENT' ED, unmourned. + </div> + <h4> + ODE ON SOLITUDE. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + POPE. + </p> + <p> + Written when the author was twelve years of age. + </p> + <pre> +1. Happy the man whose wish and care + A few paternal acres bound, + Content to breathe his native air + In his own ground. +2. Whose herds with milk, whose fields with bread, + Whose flocks supply him with attire; + Whose trees in summer yield him shade, + In winter fire. +3. Blest who can unconcern'dly find + Hours, days, and years glide soft away, + In health of body, peace of mind, + Quiet by day. +4. Sound sleep by night; study and ease, + Together mixed; sweet recreation; + And innocence, which most doth please + With meditation. +5. Thus let me live, unseen, unknown; + Thus unlamented let me die; + Steal from the world, and not a stone + Tell where I lie. +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. Who, did the writer think, were happy? 2. + How did he wish to live and die? 3. Analyse the word + <i>recreation</i>, (RE <i>back</i>; CREATION, <i>act of + bringing into life</i>;) act of bringing back to life; a + reviving. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson85"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXXV. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + AD MI RA' TION, esteem.<br> + FRA TER' NAL, brotherly.<br> + IN SIG NIF' I CANCE, worthlessness.<br> + CRIT' IC AL, perilous.<br> + THOR' OUGH LY, completely; fully.<br> + COM PRE HEND', understand.<br> + CON VIC' TION, strong belief.<br> + COM PE TI' TION, strife; rivalry.<br> + EM U LA' TION, competition.<br> + IN TRIN' SIC AL LY, really; truly.<br> + AP PRE' CI ATE, value; esteem.<br> + BRAWN, physical strength.<br> + PIN' NA CLE, summit; highest point.<br> + SIN' U OUS, winding; bending.<br> + LE GIT' I MATE, lawful.<br> + REQ' UI SITE, necessary.<br> + CON SER VA' TION, act of keeping.<br> + DE VEL' OP MENT, training. + </div> + <h4> + GETTING THE RIGHT START. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + J.G. HOLLAND. + </p> + <p> + 1. The first great lesson a young man should learn, is, that + <i>he knows nothing;</i> and that the earlier and more + thoroughly this lesson is learned, the better it will be for + his peace of mind, and his success in life. A young man bred + at home, and growing up in the light of parental admiration + and fraternal pride, can not readily understand how it is, + that every one else can be his equal in talent and + acquisition. If bred in the country, he seeks the life of the + town, he will very early obtain an idea of his + insignificance. + </p> + <p> + 2. This is a critical period in his history. The result of + his reasoning will decide his fate. If, at this time, he + thoroughly comprehend, and in his soul admit and accept the + fact, that <i>he knows nothing</i> and <i>is nothing;</i> if + he bow to the conviction that his mind and his person are but + ciphers, and that whatever he is <i>to be</i>, and is <i>to + win</i>, must be achieved by <i>hard work</i>, there is + abundant hope of him. + </p> + <p> + 3. If, on the contrary, a huge self-conceit still hold + possession of him, and he straightens stiffly up to the + assertion of his old and valueless self,—or, if he sink + discouraged upon the threshold of a life of fierce + competitions, and more manly emulations, he might as well be + a dead man. The world has no use for such a man, and he has + only to retire or be trodden upon. + </p> + <p> + 4. When a young man has thoroughly comprehended the fact that + <i>he knows nothing</i>, and that, intrinsically, he is of + but <i>little value</i>, the next thing for him to learn is + that <i>the world cares nothing for him</i>,—that he is + the subject of no man's overwhelming admiration and + esteem,—that he must take care of himself. + </p> + <p> + 5. If he be a stranger, he will find every man busy with his + own affairs, and none to look after him. He will not be + noticed until he becomes <i>noticeable</i>, and he will not + become noticeable, until he <i>does something</i> to prove + that he has an absolute value in society. No letter of + recommendation will give him this, or ought to give him this. + No family connection will give him this, except among those + few who think more of blood than brains. + </p> + <p> + 6. Society demands that a young man <i>shall be somebody</i>, + not only, but that <i>he shall prove his right to the + title</i>; and it has a right to demand this. Society will + not take this matter upon trust,—at least, not for a + long time; for it has been cheated too frequently. Society is + not very particular what a man does, so that it prove him to + be a <i>man</i>: then it will bow to him, and make room for + him. + </p> + <p> + 7. There is no surer sign of an unmanly and cowardly spirit, + than a vague desire for <i>help</i>,—a wish to + <i>depend</i>, to <i>lean</i> upon somebody, and enjoy the + fruits of the industry of others. There are multitudes of + young men who indulge in dreams of help from some quarter, + coming in at a convenient moment, to enable them to secure + the success in life which they covet. The vision haunts them + of some benevolent old gentleman, with a pocket full of + money, a trunk full of mortgages and stocks, and a mind + remarkably appreciative of merit and genius, who will, + perhaps, give or lend them from ten to twenty thousand + dollars, with which they will commence and go on swimmingly. + </p> + <p> + 8. To me, one of the most disgusting sights in the world, is + that of a young man with healthy blood, broad shoulders, and + a hundred and fifty pounds, more or less, of good bone and + muscle, standing with his hands in his pockets, longing for + help. I admit that there are positions in which the most + independent spirit may accept of assistance,—may, in + fact, as a choice of evils, desire it; but for a man who is + able to help himself, to desire the help of others in the + accomplishment of his plans of life, is positive proof that + he has received a most unfortunate training, or that there is + a leaven of meanness in his composition, that should make him + shudder. + </p> + <p> + 9. When, therefore, a young man has ascertained and fully + received the fact that he does not know any thing, that the + world does not care any thing about him, that what he wins + must be won by his own brain and brawn, and that while he + holds in his own hands the means of gaining his own + livelihood and the objects of his life, he can not receive + assistance without compromising his self-respect and selling + his freedom, he is in a fair position for beginning life. + When a young man becomes aware that only by <i>his own + efforts</i> can he rise into companionship and competition + with the sharp, strong, and well-drilled minds around him, he + of ready for work, and not before. + </p> + <p> + 10. The next lesson is, that of <i>patience</i>, thoroughness + in preparation, and contentment with the regular channels of + business effort and enterprise. This is, perhaps, one of the + most difficult to learn, of all the lessons of life. It is + natural for the mind to reach out eagerly for immediate + results. + </p> + <p> + 11. As manhood dawns, and the young man catches in its first + light the pinnacles of realized dreams, the golden domes of + high possibilities, and the purpling hills of great delights, + and then looks down upon the narrow, sinuous, long, and dusty + path by which others have reached them, he is apt to be + disgusted with the passage, and to seek for success through + broader channels, by quicker means. Beginning at the very + foot of the hill, and working slowly to the top, seems a very + discouraging process; and precisely at this point, have + thousands of young men made shipwreck of their lives. + </p> + <p> + 12. Let this be understood, then, at starting; that the + patient conquest of difficulties, which rise in the regular + and legitimate channels of business and enterprise, is not + only essential in securing the successes which you seek, but + it is essential to that preparation of your mind, requisite + for the enjoyment of your successes, and for retaining them + when gained. It is the general rule of Providence, the world + over, and in all time, that unearned success is a curse. It + is the rule of Providence, that the process of earning + success, shall be the preparation for its conservation and + enjoyment. + </p> + <p> + 13. So, day by day, and week by week; so, month after month, + and year after year, <i>work on</i>, and in that process gain + strength and symmetry, and nerve and knowledge, that when + success, patiently and bravely worked for, shall come, it may + find you prepared to receive it and keep it. The development + which you will get in this brave and patient labor, will + prove itself, in the end, the most valuable of your + successes. It will help to make a <i>man</i> of you. It will + give you power and self-reliance. It will give you not only + <i>self-respect</i>, but the <i>respect of your fellows and + the public</i>. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What is the first lesson a young man + should learn? 2. What is the next lesson he should learn? 3. + What does society demand of a young man? 4. What is a sure + sign of an unmanly and cowardly spirit? 5. When is a young + man in a fair position for beginning life? 6. What is a + general rule of Providence? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson86"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXXVI. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + PRE SUMP' TION, arrogance.<br> + SOPH' ISTS, professed teachers of wisdom.<br> + AC COST' ED, addressed.<br> + GEN' IUS, natural aptitude.<br> + IN DUC' ED, prevailed upon.<br> + PHI LOS' O PHER, lover of wisdom.<br> + BAR' BA ROUS, foreign; uncivilized.<br> + DIS SUADE', turn away from.<br> + EX CESS' IVE. overmuch.<br> + ES TEEM' ED, highly regarded.<br> + RE TRENCH, lessen; curtail.<br> + SU PER' FLU OUS, extravagant; needless.<br> + UN DER TAK' ING, engaging in.<br> + IN CA PAC' I TY, inability. + </div> + <p> + [Headnote 1: THE MIS' TO CLES, a celebrated Athenian + statesman and military leader, was born about 514 before + Christ.] + </p> + <p> + [Headnote 2: CI' MON, an illustrious Athenian general and + statesman, born about the year 510, before Christ. He + belonged to the aristocratic party of his time, and + contributed to the banishment of Themistocles, the leader of + the opposite party. He was also the political opponent of + Pericles.] + </p> + <p> + [Headnote 3: PER' I CLES, an Athenian statesman, born about + 495 before Christ. He labored to make Athens the capital of + all Greece, and the seat of art and refinement.] + </p> + <p> + [Headnote 4: PLA' TO, a celebrated Greek philosopher, born in + Athens about the year 429 before Christ. He was a pupil of + Socrates.] + </p> + <h4> + THE PRESUMPTION OF YOUTH. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + ROLLIN. + </p> + <p> + 1. The young people of Athens, amazed at the glory of + Themistocles,[Headnote 1] of Cimon,[Headnote 2] of + Pericles,[Headnote 3] and full of a foolish ambition, after + having received some lessons from the sophists, who promised + to render them very great politicians, believed themselves + capable of every thing, and aspired to fill the highest + places. One of them, named Glaucon, took it so strongly in + his head that he had a <i>peculiar genius</i> for public + affairs, although he was not yet twenty years of age, that no + person in his family, nor among his friends, had the power to + divert him from a notion so little befitting his age and + capacity. + </p> + <p> + 2. Socrates, who liked him on account of Plato[Headnote 4] + his brother, was the only one who succeeded in making him + change his resolution. Meeting him one day, he accosted him + with so dexterous a discourse, that he induced him to listen. + He had already gained much influence over him. "You have a + desire to govern the republic?" said Socrates. "True," + replied Glaucon. "You can not have a finer design," said the + philosopher, "since, if you succeed in it, you will be in a + state to serve your friends, to enlarge your house, and to + extend the limits of your native country. + </p> + <p> + 3. "You will become known not only in Athens, but through all + Greece; and it may be that your renown will reach even to the + barbarous nations, like that of Themistocles. At last, you + will gain the respect and admiration of everybody." A + beginning so flattering pleased the young man exceedingly, + and he very willingly continued the conversation. "Since you + desire to make yourself esteemed and respected, it is clear + that you think to render yourself useful to the public." + "Assuredly." "Tell me, then, I beseech you, what is the first + service that you intend to render the state?" + </p> + <p> + 4. As Glaucon appeared to be perplexed, and considered what + he ought to answer,—"Probably," replied Socrates, "it + will be to enrich the republic, that is to say, to increase + its revenues." "Exactly so." "And, undoubtedly, you know in + what the revenues of the state consist, and the extent to + which they may be increased. You will not have failed to make + it a private study, to the end that if one source should + suddenly fail, you may be able to supply its place + immediately with another." "I assure you," answered Glaucon, + "that this is what I have never thought of." + </p> + <p> + 5. "Tell me, at least, then, the necessary expenses of + maintaining the republic. You can not fail to know of what + importance it is to retrench those which are superfluous." "I + confess to you that I am not more instructed with regard to + this article than the other." "Then it is necessary to defer + till another time the design that you have of enriching the + republic; for it is impossible for you to benefit the state + while you are ignorant of its revenues and expenses." + </p> + <p> + 6. "But," said Glaucon, "there is still another means that + you pass over in silence,—one can enrich a state by the + ruin of its enemies." "You are right." replied Socrates, + "but, in order to do that, you must be the more powerful; + otherwise you run the risk of losing that which you possess. + So, he who speaks of undertaking a war, ought to know the + power of both parties, to the end that if he finds his party + the stronger, he may boldly risk the adventure; but, if he + find it the weaker, he should dissuade the people from + undertaking it. + </p> + <p> + 7. "But, do you know what are the forces of our republic, by + sea and by land, and what are those of our enemies'? have you + a statement of them in writing'? You will do me the pleasure + to allow me a perusal of it." "I have none yet," replied + Glaucon. "I see, then," said Socrates, "that we shall not + make war so soon, if they intrust <i>you</i> with the + government; for there remain many things for you to know, and + many cares to take." + </p> + <p> + 8. The sage mentioned many other articles, not less + important, in which he found Glaucon equally inexperienced, + and he pointed out how ridiculous they render themselves, who + have the rashness to intermeddle with government, without + bringing any other preparation to the task than <i>a great + degree of self-esteem and excessive ambition</i>. "Fear, my + dear Glaucon," said Socrates, "fear, lest a too ardent desire + for honors should blind you; and cause you to take a part + that would cover you with shame, in bringing to light your + incapacity, and want of talent." + </p> + <p> + 9. The youth was wise enough to profit by the good advice of + his instructor, and took some time to gain private + information, before he ventured to appear in public. This + lesson is for all ages. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. To what did the young people of Athens + aspire? 2. What did Glaucon believe he possessed? 3. Who + succeeded in making him change his resolution? 4. How did + Socrates do this? 5. What did Socrates finally say to him? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson87"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXXVII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + CREST, topmost height.<br> + TOR' RENTS, rushing streams.<br> + TYPE, symbol; token.<br> + AE' RIE, (<i>â' ry</i>,) eagle's nest.<br> + VAULT' ED, arched.<br> + LIQ' UID, (<i>lik' wid</i>,) clear; flowing.<br> + BASK, lie exposed to warmth.<br> + CAN' O PY, covering.<br> + REV' EL RY, noisy merriment.<br> + BIDE, stay; continue.<br> + VO LUP' TU OUS, devoted to pleasure.<br> + HAUNTS, places of resort.<br> + EX PIRES', dies; becomes extinct.<br> + SMOL' DER ING, burning and smoking without vent.<br> + HER' IT AGE, inheritance.<br> + QUENCH' ED, extinguished.<br> + PEN' NON, flag; banner.<br> + WRENCH, wrest; twist off.<br> + CRA' VEN, base; cowardly. + </div> + <h4> + SONG OF THE AMERICAN EAGLE. + </h4> + <pre> +1. I build my nest on the mountain's crest, + Where the wild winds rock my eaglets to rest,— + Where the lightnings flash, and the thunders crash, + And the roaring torrents foam and dash; + For my spirit free henceforth shall be + A type of the sons of Liberty. +2. Aloft I fly from my aërie high, + Through the vaulted dome of the azure sky; + On a sunbeam bright take my airy flight, + And float in a flood of liquid light; + For I love to play in the noontide ray, + And bask in a blaze from the throne of day. +3. Away I spring with a tireless wing, + On a feathery cloud I poise and swing; + I dart down the steep where the lightnings leap, + And the clear blue canopy swiftly sweep; + For, dear to me is the revelry + Of a free and fearless Liberty. +4. I love the land where the mountains stand, + Like the watch-towers high of a Patriot band; + For I may not bide in my glory and pride, + Though the land be never so fair and wide, + Where Luxury reigns o'er voluptuous plains, + And fetters the free-born soul in chains. +5. Then give to me in my flights to see + The land of the pilgrims <i>ever free</i>! + And I never will rove from the haunts I love + But watch, from my sentinel-track above, + Your banner free, o'er land and sea, + And exult in your glorious Liberty. +6. <i>O, guard ye well the land where I dwell</i>, + Lest to future times the tale I tell, + When slow expires in smoldering fires + The goodly heritage of your sires,— + How Freedom's light rose clear and bright + O'er fair Columbia's beacon-hight, + Till ye quenched the flame in a starless night. +7. Then will I tear from your pennon fair + The stars ye have set in triumph there; + My olive-branch on the blast I'll launch, + The fluttering stripes from the flagstaff wrench, + And away I'll flee; for I scorn to see +<i>A craven race</i> in the land of the free! +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. Where does the eagle build its nest? 2. + Describe its flights. 3. Where does it love to dwell? 4. Of + what is the eagle a type? 5. What warning does it give to the + people of this country? 6. What is there peculiar in the + construction of the first, third, and fifth lines of each + verse? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson88"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXXVIII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + AN' THEM, ode; song.<br> + DAUNT' LESS, bold; fearless.<br> + WAG' ED, carried on.<br> + UN AW' ED, undismayed.<br> + SCROLL, roll of paper; document.<br> + COUNT' LESS, unnumbered.<br> + ROY' AL, regal; noble.<br> + U' NI VERSE, whole creation.<br> + BAF' FLED, frustrated.<br> + TY RAN' NIC, oppressive; despotic.<br> + CURB, check; restrain.<br> + SUC CEED' ING, following.<br> + HURL' ED, thrown.<br> + PEAL' ED, resounded. + </div> + <p> + [Headnote 1: HEL' LES PONT, now the Dardanelles, a narrow + strait between Asia and Europe.] + </p> + <p> + [Headnote 2: XER' XES, (<i>zerks' ees</i>,) the celebrated + king of Persia, during his famous expedition into Greece, + caused a bridge of boats to be built over the Hellespont; but + the work having been destroyed by a storm, he was greatly + enraged against the sea, and ordered it to be lashed, and + fetters to be cast into it to restrain its violence.] + </p> + <h4> + THE ARMY OF REFORM. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + SARAH JANE LIPPINCOTT. + </p> + <pre> + 1. Yes, <i>ye are few</i>,—and <i>they were few</i>, + Who, daring storm and sea, + Once raised upon old Plymouth rock + "The anthem of the free." + 2. <i>And they were few</i> at Lexington, + To battle, or to die,— + That lightning-flash, that thunder-peal, + Told that the storm was nigh. + 3. <i>And they were few</i>, who dauntless stood, + Upon old Bunkers hight, + And waged with Britain's strength and pride + The fierce, unequal fight. + 4. <i>And they were few</i>, who, all unawed + By kingly "rights divine," + The Declaration, rebel scroll,[1] + Untrembling dared to sign. + 5. <i>Yes, ye are few</i>; for one proud glance + Can take in all your band, + As now against a countless host, + Firm, true, and calm, ye stand. + 6. Unmoved by Folly's idiot laugh, + Hate's curse, or Envy's frown,— + Wearing your rights as royal robes, + Your manhood as a crown,— + 7. With eyes whose gaze, unvailed by mists, + Still rises, clearer, higher,— + With stainless hands, and lips that Truth + Hath touched with living fire,— + 8. With one high hope, that ever shines + Before you as a star,— + One prayer of faith, one fount of strength, +<i>A glorious few ye are!</i> + 9. Ye <i>dare</i> not fear, ye <i>can not</i> fail, + Your destiny ye bind + To that sublime, eternal law + That rules the march of mind. +10. See yon bold eagle toward the sun + Now rising free and strong, + And see yon mighty river roll + Its sounding tide along! +11. Ah! yet near earth the eagle tires, + Lost in the sea, the river; +<i>But naught can stay the human mind</i>,— +<i>'Tis upward, onward, ever!</i> +12. It yet shall tread the starlit paths, + By highest angels trod, + And pause but at the farthest world + In the universe of God. +13. 'Tis said that Persia's baffled king, + In mad, tyrannic pride, + Cast fetters on the Hellespont,[Headnote 1] + To curb its swelling tide: +14. But freedom's own true spirit heaves + The bosom of the main; + It tossed those fetters to the skies, + And bounded on again! +15. The scorn of each succeeding age + On Xerxes'[Headnote 2] head was hurled, + And o'er that foolish deed has pealed + The long laugh of a world. +16. Thus, thus, defeat, and scorn, and shame, + Is <i>his</i>, who strives to bind +<i>The restless, leaping waves of thought,</i> +<i>The free tide of the mind.</i> +</pre> + <p> + [Footnote 1: The reference is to the Declaration of + Independence, made July 4th, 1776.] + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. Who raised the anthem of the free on + Plymouth Rock? 2. What is said of the few on Bunker's Hight? + 3. How many signed the Declaration of Independence? Ans. 56. + 4. What is said of the eagle? 5. Of the human mind? 6. Of + Freedom? 7. Where is the Hellespont? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson89"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXXIX. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + FRESH' EN ED, grew brisk or strong.<br> + FIT FUL LY, at intervals.<br> + IN DI CA' TION, sign; token.<br> + EN THU' SI ASM, strong feeling.<br> + AP PRE HEND' ING, fearing.<br> + A BAN' DON, give up; forsake.<br> + HAW' SERS, cables; large ropes.<br> + VOL UN TEER' ED, offered willingly.<br> + IN' TER VAL, intervening time.<br> + DE VOT' ED, doomed; ill-fated.<br> + THWARTS, seats placed across a boat.<br> + GUAR' AN TY, warrant.<br> + IN EV' I TA BLY, certainly; surely.<br> + AC CU' MU LA TED, collected; heaped.<br> + STAN' CHION, (<i>stan' shun</i>,) small post.<br> + VI' ED, strove; contended.<br> + DIS' LO CA TED, out of joint; disjointed.<br> + AM' PU TA TED, cut off. + </div> + <h4> + THE LAST CRUISE OF THE MONITOR. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + GREENVILLE M. WEEKS. + </p> + <p> + 1. On the afternoon of December 29th, 1862, she put on steam, + and, in tow of the "Rhode Island," passed Fortress Monroe, + and out to sea. As we gradually passed out, the wind + freshened somewhat; but the sun went down in glorious clouds + of purple and crimson, and the night was fair and calm above + us, though, in the interior of our little vessel, the air had + already begun to lose its freshness. We suffered more or less + from its closeness through the night, and woke in the morning + to find it heavy with impurity, from the breaths of some + sixty persons, composing the officers and crew. + </p> + <p> + 2. Sunshine found us on deck, enjoying pure air, and watching + the east. During the night we had passed Cape Henry, and now, + at dawn, found ourselves on the ocean,—the land only a + blue line in the distance. A few more hours, and that had + vanished. No sails were visible; and the Passaic, which we + had noticed the evening before, was now out of sight. The + morning and afternoon passed quietly; we spent most of our + time on deck, on account of the confined air below, and, + being on a level with the sea, with the spray dashing over us + occasionally, amused ourselves with noting its shifting hues + and forms, from the deep green of the first long roll, to the + foam-crest and prismatic tints of the falling wave. + </p> + <p> + 3. As the afternoon advanced, the freshening wind, the + thickening clouds, and the increasing roll of the sea, gave + those most accustomed to ordinary ship-life, some new + experiences. The little vessel plunged through the rising + waves, instead of riding them, and, as they increased in + violence, lay, as it were, under their crests, which washed + over her continually; so that, even when we considered + ourselves safe, the appearance was that of a vessel sinking. + </p> + <p> + 4. "I'd rather go to sea in a diving-bell!" said one, as the + waves dashed over the pilot-house, and the little craft + seemed buried in water. "Give me an oyster-scow!" cried + another,—"any thing! only let it be <i>wood</i>, and + something that will float <i>over</i>, instead of + <i>under</i> the water!" Still she plunged on; and about 6:30 + P.M., we made Cape Hatteras; in half an hour we had rounded + the point. A general hurrah went up,—"Hurrah for the + first iron-clad that ever rounded Cape Hatteras! Hurrah for + the little boat that is first in every thing!" + </p> + <p> + 5. At half-past seven, a heavy shower fell, lasting about + twenty minutes. At this time the gale increased; black, heavy + clouds covered the sky, through which the moon glittered + fitfully, allowing us to see in the distance a long line of + white, plunging foam rushing toward us,—sure + indication, to a sailor's eye, of a stormy time. A gloom + overhung every thing; the banks of cloud seemed to settle + around us; the moan of the ocean grew louder and more + fearful. Still our little boat pushed doggedly on: victorious + through all, we thought that here, too, she would conquer, + though the beating waves sent shudders through her whole + frame. + </p> + <p> + 6. An hour passed; the air below, which had all day been + increasing in closeness, was now almost stifling; but our men + lost no courage. Some sang as they worked; and the cadence of + their voices, mingling with the roar of waters, sounded like + a defiance to Ocean. Some stationed themselves on top of the + turret, and a general enthusiasm filled all breasts, as huge + waves, twenty feet high, rose up on all sides, hung suspended + for a moment like jaws open to devour, and then, breaking, + gnashed over in foam from side to side. + </p> + <p> + 7. Those of us new to the sea, and not apprehending our + peril, hurrahed for the largest wave; but the captain and one + or two others, old sailors, knowing its power, grew + momentarily more and more—anxious, feeling, with a + dread instinctive to the sailor, that, in case of extremity, + no wreck yet known to ocean, could be so hopeless as this. + Solid iron from keelson to turret-top, clinging to any thing + for safety, if the "Monitor" should go down, would only + insure a share in her fate. No mast., no spar, no floating + thing, to meet the outstretched hand in the last moment. + </p> + <p> + 8. The sea gathered force from each attack. Thick and fast + came the blows on the iron mail of the "Monitor," and still + the brave little vessel held her own, until, at half-past + eight, the engineer, faithful to the end, reported a leak. + The pumps were instantly set in motion, and we watched their + progress with an intense interest. She had seemed to us like + an old-time knight, in armor, battling against fearful odds, + but still holding his ground. We who watched, when the blow + came which made the strong man reel and the life-blood spout, + felt our hearts faint within us; then, again, ground was + gained, and the fight went on, the water lowering somewhat + under the laboring pumps. + </p> + <p> + 9. From nine to ten it kept pace with them. From ten to + eleven the sea increased in violence, the waves now dashing + entirely over the turret, blinding the eyes, and causing + quick catchings of the breath, as they swept against us. At + ten the engineer had reported the leak as gaining on us; at + half-past ten, with several pumps in constant motion, one of + which threw out three thousand gallons a minute, the water + was rising rapidly, and nearing the fires. When these were + reached, the vessel's doom was sealed; for, with their + extinction, the pumps must cease, and all hope of keeping the + "Monitor" above water more than an hour or two, expired. + </p> + <p> + 10. Our knight had received his death-blow, and lay + struggling and helpless under the power of a stronger than + he. A consultation was held, and, not without a conflict of + fueling, it was decided that signals of distress should be + made. Ocean claimed our little vessel, and her trembling + frame and failing fire proved she would soon answer his call; + yet a pang went through us, as we thought of the first + iron-clad lying alone at the bottom of this stormy sea, her + guns silenced, herself a useless mass of metal. Each quiver + of her strong frame seemed to plead with us not to abandon + her. + </p> + <p> + 11. The work she <i>had</i> done, the work she <i>was</i> to + do, rose before us: might there not be a possibility of + saving her yet? Her time could not have come so soon. But we + who descended for a moment to the cabin, knew, by the + rising-water through which we waded, that the end was near. + Small time was there for regrets. Rockets were thrown up, and + answered by the "Rhode Island," whose brave men prepared at + once to lower boats, though, in that wild sea, it was almost + madness. + </p> + <p> + 12. The "Monitor" had been attached to the "Rhode Island" by + two hawsers, one of which had parted at about seven P.M. The + other remained firm; but now it was necessary it should be + cut. How was that possible, when every wave washed clean over + the deck? What man could reach it alive? "Who'll cut the + hawser?" shouted Captain Bankhead. Acting master Stodder + volunteered, and was followed by another. Holding by one hand + to the ropes at her side, they cut through, by many blows of + the hatchet, the immense rope which united the vessels. + Stodder returned in safety, but his brave companion was + washed over, and went down. + </p> + <p> + 13. Meanwhile the boat launched from the "Rhode Island," had + started, manned by a crew of picked men. A mere heroic + impulse could not have accomplished this most noble deed. For + hours they had watched the raging sea. Their captain and + <i>they</i> knew the danger; every man who entered that boat, + did it at the peril of his life; and yet all were ready. Are + not such acts as these convincing proofs of the divinity of + human nature'? We watched her with straining eyes; for few + thought she could live to reach us. She neared; we were sure + of her, thank Heaven! + </p> + <p> + 14. In this interval, the cut hawser had become entangled in + the paddle-wheel of the "Rhode Island," and she drifted down + upon us; we, not knowing this fact, supposed her coming to + our assistance; but a moment undeceived us. The launch sent + to our relief was now between us and her,—too near for + safety. The steamer bore swiftly down, stern first, upon our + starboard quarter. "<i>Keep off! keep off!</i>" we cried, and + then first saw she was helpless. + </p> + <p> + 15. Even as we looked, the devoted boat was caught between + the steamer and the iron-clad,—a sharp sound of + crushing wood was heard,—thwarts, oars, and splinters + flew in air,—the boat's crew leaped to the "Monitor's" + deck, Death stared us in the face; our iron prow must go + through the Rhode Island's side,—and then an end to + all. One awful moment we held our breath,—then the + hawser was cleared,—the steamer moved off, as it were, + step by step, first one, then another, till a ship's length + lay between us, and then we breathed freely. + </p> + <p> + 16. But the boat!—had she gone to the bottom, carrying + brave souls with her? No; there she lay, beating against our + iron sides; but still, though bruised and broken, a lifeboat + to us. There was no hasty scramble for life when it was found + she floated,—all held back. The men kept steady on at + their work of bailing,—only those leaving, and in the + order named, whom the captain bade save themselves. They + descended from the turret to the deck with mingled fear and + hope, for the waves tore from side to side, and the coolest + head and bravest heart could not guaranty safety. Some were + washed over as they left the turret, and, with a vain clutch + at the iron deck, a wild throwing up of the arms, went down, + their death-cry ringing in the ears of their companions. + </p> + <p> + 17. The boat sometimes held her place by the "Monitor's" + side, then was dashed hopelessly out of reach, rising and + falling on the waves. A sailor would spring from the deck to + reach her, to be seen for a moment in mid-air, and then, as + she rose, fall into her. So she gradually filled up; but some + poor souls who sought to reach her, failed, even as they + touched her receding sides, and went down. We had a little + messenger-boy, the special charge of one of our sailors, and + the pet of all; he must inevitably have been lost, but for + the care of his adopted father, who, holding him firmly in + his arms, escaped, as by a miracle, being washed overboard, + but finally succeeded in placing him safely in the boat. + </p> + <p> + 18. The last but one to make the desperate venture, was the + surgeon; he leaped from the deck, at the very instant when + the boat was being swept away by the merciless sea. Making + one final effort, he threw his body forward as he fell, + striking across the boat's side so violently, it was thought + some of his ribs must be broken. "<i>Haul the Doctor in!</i>" + shouted Lieutenant Greene, perhaps remembering how, a little + time back, he himself, almost gone down in the unknown sea, + had been "hauled in" by a quinine rope flung him by the + Doctor. Stout sailor-arms pulled him in; one more sprang to a + place in her, and the boat, now full, pushed off,—in a + sinking condition, it is true, but still bearing hope with + her, for <i>she was wood</i>. + </p> + <p> + 19. Over the waves we made little progress, though pulling + for life. The men stuffed their pea-jackets into the leaks, + and bailed incessantly. We neared the "Rhode Island;" but now + a new peril appeared. Eight down upon our center, borne by + the might of the rushing water, came the whale-boat sent to + rescue others from the iron-clad. We barely floated; if she + struck us with her bows full on us, we must go to the bottom. + One sprang, and, as she neared, with outstretched arms, met + and turned her course. She passed against us, and his hand, + caught between the two boats, was crushed, and the arm, + wrenched from its socket, fell a helpless weight against his + side; but life remained. We were saved, and an arm was a + small price to pay for life. + </p> + <p> + 20. We reached the "Rhode Island;" ropes were flung over her + side, and caught with a death-grip. Some lost their hold, + were washed away, and again dragged in by the boat's crew. + What chance had one whose right arm hung a dead weight, when + strong men with their two hands, went down before him? He + caught at a rope, found it impossible to save himself alone, + and then for the first time said,—"I am injured; can + any one help me?" Ensign Taylor, at the risk of his own life, + brought the rope around his shoulder in such a way that it + could not slip, and he was drawn up in safety. + </p> + <p> + 21. In the mean time, the whale-boat, which had nearly caused + our destruction, had reached the side of the "Monitor;" and + now the captain said, "It is madness to remain here longer: + let each man save himself." For a moment, he descended to the + cabin for a coat, and his faithful servant followed to secure + a jewel-box, containing the accumulated treasure of years. A + sad, sorry sight it was! In the heavy air the lamps burned + dimly, and the water, waist-deep, splashed sullenly against + the sides of the wardroom. One lingering look, and he left + the "Monitor's" cabin forever! + </p> + <p> + 22. Time was precious; he hastened to the deck, where, in the + midst of a terrible sea, Lieutenant Greene nobly held his + post. He seized the rope from the whale-boat, wound it about + an iron stanchion, then around his wrists, and, by this + means, was drawn aboard the boat. Thus, one by one, watching + their time between the waves, the men filled in, and, at + last, after making all effort for others, and none for + themselves, Captain Bankhead and Lieutenant Greene took their + places in the boat The gallant Brown pushed off, and soon + laid his boat-load safe upon the "Rhode Island's" deck. + </p> + <p> + 23. Here the heartiest and most tender reception met us. Our + drenched clothing was replaced by warm and dry garments, and + all on board vied with each other in acts of kindness. The + only one who had received any injury, Surgeon Weeks, + [Footnote: The writer of this account.] was carefully + attended to, the dislocated arm set, and the crushed fingers + amputated, by the gentlest and most considerate of surgeons, + Dr. Webber, of the "Rhode Island." + </p> + <p> + 24. For an hour or more we watched, from the deck of the + steamer, the lonely light upon the "Monitor's" turrets; a + hundred times we thought it gone forever,—a hundred + times it reappeared, till, at last, about two o'clock, + Wednesday morning, December 31st, it sank, and we saw it no + more. An actor in the scenes of that wild night, when the + "Monitor" went down, relates the story of her last cruise. + <i>Her</i> work is now over. She lies a hundred fathoms deep + under the stormy-waters off Cape Hatteras; but she has made + herself a name, which will not soon be forgotten by the + American people. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. When and where was the Monitor lost? 2. + What signal service had she rendered? 3. Who was the writer + of this account? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson90"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XC. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + RE SPON SI BIL' I TIES, obligations.<br> + LA' TENT, secret; hidden.<br> + IN IQ' UI TY, wickedness.<br> + EF FECT' IVE, powerful; efficient.<br> + REC' TI TUDE, right.<br> + PEN' E TRA TIVE, entering; piercing.<br> + MAL' ICE, ill-will; hatred.<br> + CHIV' AL RY, heroism; valor.<br> + WAN' TON LY, wastefully.<br> + SHEEN, brightness.<br> + SHIM' MER, glitter; gleam.<br> + RE VER' SION, future possession.<br> + IN SID' I OUS, crafty; deceitful.<br> + A THWART', across.<br> + SUS' TE NANCE, food; support.<br> + IM POS' ED, laid on; assigned. + </div> + <h4> + DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF WOMAN. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + GAIL HAMILTON. + </p> + <p> + 1. Oh, if this latent power could be aroused! If woman would + shake off this slumber, and put on her strength, her + beautiful garments, how would she go forth conquering and to + conquer! How would the mountains break forth into singing, + and the trees of the field clap their hands! How would our + sin-stained earth arise and shine, her light being come, and + the glory of the Lord being risen upon her! + </p> + <p> + 2. One can not do the <i>world's</i> work; but one can do + <i>one's</i> work. You may not be able to turn the world from + iniquity; but you can, at least, keep the dust and rust from + gathering on your own soul. If you can not be directly and + actively engaged in fighting the battle, you can, at least, + polish your armor and sharpen your weapons, to strike an + effective blow when the hour comes. You can stanch the blood + of him who has been wounded in the fray,—bear a cup of + cold water to the thirsty and fainting,—give help to + the conquered, and smiles to the victor. + </p> + <p> + 3. You can gather from the past and the present stores of + wisdom, so that, when the future demands it, you may bring + forth from your treasures things new and old. Whatever of + bliss the "Divinity that shapes our ends" may see fit to + withhold from you, you are but very little lower than the + angels, so long as you have the + </p> + <pre> + "Godlike power to do,—the godlike aim to know." +</pre> + <p> + 4. You can be forming habits of self-reliance, sound + judgment, perseverance, and endurance, which may, one day, + stand you in good stead. You can so train yourself to right + thinking and right acting, that uprightness shall be your + nature, truth your impulse. His head is seldom far wrong, + whose heart is always right. We bow down to mental greatness, + intellectual strength, and they are divine gifts; but + <i>moral rectitude</i> is stronger than they. It is + irresistible,—always in the end triumphant. + </p> + <p> + 5. There is in <i>goodness</i> a penetrative power that + nothing can withstand. Cunning and malice melt away before + its mild, open, steady glance. Not alone on the fields where + chivalry charges for laurels, with helmet and breastplate and + lance in rest, can the true knight exultingly exclaim, + </p> + <pre> +"My strength is as the strength of ten, + Because my heart is pure;" +</pre> + <p> + <br> + but wherever man meets man, wherever there is a prize to be + won, a goal to be reached. Wealth, and rank, and beauty, may + form a brilliant setting to the diamond; but they only expose + more nakedly the false glare of the paste. Only when the + king's daughter is all glorious within, is it fitting and + proper that her clothing should be of wrought gold. + </p> + <p> + 6. From the great and good of all ages rings out the same + monotone. The high-priest of Nature, the calm-eyed poet who + laid his heart so close to hers, that they seemed to throb in + one pulsation, yet whose ear was always open to the "still + sad music of humanity," has given us the promise of his + life-long wisdom in these grand words:— + </p> + <pre> +"True dignity abides with him alone + Who, in the silent hour of inward thought, + Can still suspect and still revere himself." +</pre> + <p> + 7. Through the din of twenty rolling centuries, pierces the + sharp, stern voice of the brave old Greek: "<i>Let every man, + when he is about to do a wicked action, above all things in + the world, stand in awe of himself, and dread the witness + within him.</i>" All greatness, and all glory, all that earth + has to give, all that Heaven can proffer, lies within the + reach of the lowliest as well as the highest; for He who + spake as never man spake, has said that the very "kingdom of + God is within you." + </p> + <p> + 8. Born to such an inheritance, will you wantonly cast it + away? With such a goal in prospect, will you suffer yourself + to be turned aside by the sheen and shimmer of tinsel fruit? + With earth in possession, and Heaven in reversion, will you + go sorrowing and downcast, because here and there a pearl or + ruby fails you? Nay, rather forgetting those things which are + behind, and reaching forth unto those which are before, + <i>press forward</i>! + </p> + <p> + 9. Discontent and murmuring are insidious foes; trample them + under your feet. Utter no complaint, whatever betide; for + complaining is a sign of weakness. If your trouble can be + helped, <i>help it</i>; if not, <i>bear it</i>. You can be + whatever you <i>will</i> to be. Therefore, form and + accomplish worthy purposes. + </p> + <p> + 10. If you walk alone, let it be with no faltering tread. + Show to an incredulous world + </p> + <pre> +"How grand may be Life's might, + Without Love's circling crown." +</pre> + <p> + <br> + Or, if the golden thread of love shine athwart the dusky + warp of duty, if other hearts depend on yours for sustenance + and strength, give to them from your fullness no stinted + measure. Let the dew of your kindness fall on the evil and + the good, on the just and on the unjust. + </p> + <p> + 11. Compass happiness, since happiness alone is victory. On + the fragments of your shattered plans, and hopes, and + love,—on the heaped-up ruins of your past, rear a + stately palace, whose top shall reach unto heaven, whose + beauty shall gladden the eyes of all beholders, whose doors + shall stand wide open to receive the way-worn and weary. Life + is a burden, but it is imposed by God. What you <i>make</i> + of it, it will <i>be</i> to you, whether a millstone about + your neck, or a diadem upon your brow. <i>Take it up bravely, + bear it on joyfully, lay it down triumphantly.</i> + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What are some of the duties of women? 2. + What is said of goodness? 3. What was the adage of the old + Greek? 4. What is said of discontent and murmuring? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson91"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XCI. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + ID' I OT, one devoid of reason.<br> + HOR' RI BLE, awful; dreadful.<br> + WOE' FUL, afflicted.<br> + HAR' ROW, disturb; harass.<br> + PRE SERVE', safely keep.<br> + SOOTH, fact; truth.<br> + SPOIL' ED, stripped; plundered.<br> + YEARN' ING, longing.<br> + IN SUF' FER A BLE, intolerable.<br> + CAN' TON, district; region.<br> + PAS TIME, amusement; diversion.<br> + ES PI' ED, saw; discovered.<br> + MOUNT AIN EER', dweller on a mountain.<br> + BRAWN' Y, strong; firm.<br> + FAG OTS, bundles of sticks.<br> + AUG MENT', increase; make larger.<br> + BEA' CON, signal-fire.<br> + BE TIDE', happen; befall. + </div> + <h4> + SCENE FROM WILLIAM TELL. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + J. SHERIDAN KNOWLES. + </p> + <p> + <i>Emma.</i> I never knew a weary night before!<br> + I have seen the sun a dozen times go down,<br> + And still no William,—and the storm was on,<br> + Yet have I laid me down in peace to sleep,<br> + The mountain with the lightning all a-blaze,<br> + And shaking with the thunder,—but to-night<br> + Mine eyes refuse to close, (<i>sl.</i>) The old man + rests:<br> + Pain hath outworn itself, and turned to ease.<br> + How deadly calm's the night! (<i>''</i>) What's that? I'm + grown<br> + An idiot with my fears. I do not know,—<br> + The avalanche! Great Power that hurls it down,<br> + Watch o'er my boy, and guide his little steps!<br> + What keeps him? 'tis but four hours' journey hence:<br> + He'd rest; then four hours back again. <i>What keeps + him?</i><br> + Erni would sure be found by him,—he knows<br> + The track, well as he knows the road to Altorf! + </p> + <p> + <i>Melchtal</i>. Help! (<i>in his sleep</i>.) + </p> + <p> + <i>Emma</i>. What's the matter? Only the old man + dreaming.<br> + He thinks again they're pulling out his eyes.<br> + I'm sick with terror! Merciful powers! what's this<br> + That fills my heart with horrible alarm?<br> + And yet it can not see. + </p> + <p> + <i>Melch</i>. (<i>waking</i>) Where am I? + </p> + <p> + <i>Emma</i>. Father! + </p> + <p> + <i>Melch</i>. My daughter, is it thou'! Thank Heaven, I'm + here! Is't day yet'? + </p> + <p> + <i>Emma</i>. No'. + </p> + <p> + <i>Melch</i>. Is't far on the night'? + </p> + <p> + <i>Emma</i>. Methinks, about the turn on't. + </p> + <p> + <i>Melch</i>. Is the boy<br> + Come back'? + </p> + <p> + <i>Emma</i>. No', father'. + </p> + <p> + <i>Melch</i>. Nor thy husband'? + </p> + <p> + <i>Emma</i>. No'. + </p> + <p> + <i>Melch</i>. A woeful wife and mother have I made thee!<br> + Would thou hadst never seen me. + </p> + <p> + <i>Emma</i>. Father'! + </p> + <p> + <i>Melch</i>. Child'! + </p> + <p> + <i>Emma</i>. Methinks I hear a step !—I do! + (<i>knocking</i>.) A knock! + </p> + <p> + <i>Melch</i>. 'Tis William! + </p> + <p> + <i>Emma</i>. No; it is not William's knock. (<i>Opens the + door</i>.) I told you so. Your will? + </p> + <span class="center"> + <i>Enter</i> STRANGER. + </span> + <p> + <i>Stran</i>. Seeing a light, I e'en made bold to knock, to + ask for shelter; For I have missed my way. + </p> + <p> + <i>Emma</i>. Whence come you` friend'? + </p> + <p> + <i>Stran</i>. From Altorf. + </p> + <p> + <i>Emma</i>. Altorf'! Any news from thence'? + </p> + <p> + <i>Stran</i>. Ay`! News to harrow parents' hearts, and make + The barren bless themselves that they are childless! + </p> + <p> + <i>Emma</i>. May Heaven preserve my boy! + </p> + <p> + <i>Melch</i>. What say'st thy news? + </p> + <p> + <i>Stran</i>. Art thou not Melchtal—he whose eyes, 'tis + said,<br> + The tyrant has torn out'? + </p> + <p> + <i>Melch</i>. Yes`, friend', the same. + </p> + <p> + <i>Stran</i>. Is this thy cottage'? + </p> + <p> + <i>Melch</i>. No`; 'tis William Tell's. + </p> + <p> + <i>Stran</i>. 'Tis William Tell's—and that's his + wife—Goodnight. + </p> + <p> + <i>Emma</i>. (<i>Rushing between him and the door</i>.) Thou + stirr'st not hence until thy news be told! + </p> + <p> + <i>Stran</i>. My news! In sooth 'tis nothing thou would'st + heed. + </p> + <p> + <i>Emma</i>. 'Tis something none should heed so well as I! + </p> + <p> + <i>Stran</i>. I must be gone, + </p> + <p> + <i>Emma</i>. Thou seest a tigress, friend,<br> + Spoiled of her mate and young, and yearning for them.<br> + Don't thwart her! Come, thy news! What fear'st thou, + man?<br> + What more hath she to dread, who reads thy looks,<br> + And knows the most has come? Thy news! Is't bondage'? + </p> + <p> + <i>Stran</i>. It is. + </p> + <p> + <i>Emma</i>. Thank Heaven, it is not death! Of one—Or + two? + </p> + <p> + <i>Stran</i>. Of two. + </p> + <p> + <i>Emma</i>. A father and a son,<br> + Is't not? + </p> + <p> + <i>Stran</i>. It is. + </p> + <p> + <i>Emma</i>. My husband and my son<br> + Are in the tyrant's power! There's worse than that!<br> + What's that is news to harrow parents' breasts.<br> + The which the thought to only tell, 'twould seem,<br> + Drives back the blood to thine?—Thy news, I say!<br> + Wouldst thou be merciful, this is not mercy!<br> + Wast thou the mark, friend, of the bowman's aim.<br> + Wouldst thou not hare the fatal arrow speed,<br> + Rather than watch it hanging in the string?<br> + Thou'lt drive me mad! Let fly at once! + </p> + <p> + <i>Melch</i>. Thy news from Altorf, friend, whatever it is! + </p> + <p> + <i>Stran</i>. To save himself and child from certain + death,<br> + Tell is to hit an apple, to be placed<br> + Upon the stripling's head. + </p> + <p> + <i>Melch</i>. My child! my child!<br> + Speak to me! Stranger, hast thou killed her? + </p> + <p> + <i>Emma</i>. No!<br> + No`, father'. I'm the wife of William Tell;<br> + Oh, but to be a man!—to have an arm<br> + To fit a heart swelling with the sense of wrong!<br> + Unnatural—insufferable wrong!<br> + When makes the tyrant trial of his skill? + </p> + <p> + <i>Stran</i>. To-morrow. + </p> + <p> + <i>Emma</i>. Spirit of the lake and hill,<br> + Inspire thy daughter! On the head of him<br> + Who makes his pastime of a mother's pangs,<br> + Launch down thy vengeance by a mother's hand.<br> + Know'st the signal when the hills shall rise'? (<i>To + Melchtal.</i>) + </p> + <p> + <i>Melch</i>. Are they to rise'? + </p> + <p> + <i>Emma</i>. I see thou knowest naught. + </p> + <p> + <i>Stran</i>. Something's on foot! 'Twas only yesterday,<br> + That, traveling from our canton, I espied<br> + Slow toiling up a steep, a mountaineer<br> + Of brawny limb, upon his back a load<br> + Of fagots bound. Curious to see what end<br> + Was worthy of such labor, after him<br> + I took the cliff; and saw its lofty top<br> + Receive his load, which went but to augment<br> + A pile of many another. + </p> + <p> + <i>Emma</i>. 'Tis by fire! Fire is the signal for the hills + to rise! (<i>Rushes out</i>.) + </p> + <p> + <i>Melch</i>. Went she not forth! + </p> + <p> + <i>Stran</i>. She did,—she's here again,<br> + And brings with her a lighted brand. + </p> + <p> + <i>Melch</i>. My child,<br> + What dost thou with a lighted brand? + </p> + <span class="center"> + (<i>Re-enter</i> EMMA <i>with a brand</i>.) + </span> + <p> + <i>Emma</i>. Prepare<br> + To give the signal for the hills to rise! + </p> + <p> + <i>Melch</i>. Where are the fagots, child, for such a blaze? + </p> + <p> + <i>Emma</i>. I'll find the fagots, father. (<i>Exit</i>.) + </p> + <p> + <i>Melch</i>. She's gone Again! + </p> + <p> + <i>Stran</i>. She is,—I think into her chamber. + </p> + <p> + <i>Emma</i>. (<i>Rushing in</i>.)—Father, the pile is + fired! + </p> + <p> + <i>Melch</i>. What pile, my child! + </p> + <p> + <i>Emma</i>. The joists and rafters of our cottage, father! + </p> + <p> + <i>Melch</i>. Thou hast not fired thy cottage?—but thou + hast;<br> + Alas, I hear the crackling of the flames! + </p> + <p> + <i>Emma</i>. Say'st thou, alas! when I do say, thank + Heaven.<br> + Father, this blaze will set the land a-blaze<br> + With fire that shall preserve, and not destroy it.<br> + (<i>f</i>.) <i>Blaze on!</i> BLAZE ON! Oh, may'st thou be a + beacon<br> + To light its sons enslaved to liberty!<br> + How fast it spreads! A spirit's in the fire:<br> + It knows the work it does.—(<i>Goes to the door, and + opens it</i>.)<br> + The land is free!<br> + Yonder's another blaze! Beyond that, shoots<br> + Another up!—Anon will every hill<br> + Redden with vengeance! Father, come! Whate'er<br> + Betides us, worse we're certain can't befall,<br> + And better may! Oh, be it liberty,<br> + Safe hearts and homes, husbands and children! + Come,—<br> + It spreads apace. (<i>ff</i>.) Blaze on—<i>blaze + on</i>—BLAZE ON! + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What rule for the rising inflection on + <i>father</i>? See Note I., page 32. 2. What rule for the + falling inflection on <i>no</i>? See Rule I., page 28. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson92"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XCII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + HON' OR A BLE, noble; illustrious.<br> + IN' TEL LECT, mind; understanding.<br> + SCORE, account; motive.<br> + CLEV' ER, skillful; expert.<br> + SO' CIAL, familiar.<br> + CON FU' SION, fuss; tumult.<br> + CON DE SCEN' SION, loveliness; deference.<br> + COM PRE HEN' SION, understanding. + </div> + <p> + [Headnote 1: CROE SUS, a very wealthy king of ancient Lydia, + in Asia Minor, was born about 591 before Christ.] + </p> + <h4> + THE RICH MAN AND THE POOR MAN. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + KHEMNITZER. + </p> + <pre> +1. So goes the world`;—if wealthy, you may call +<i>This</i>—friend, <i>that</i>—brother`;—friends and brothers all + Though you are worthless, witless,—never mind it; + You may have been a stable-boy,—what then? + 'Tis <i>wealth</i>, my friends, makes <i>honorable</i> men. + You seek respect, no doubt, and you will find it. +2. But, if you are poor', heaven help you`! though your sire + Had royal blood in him`, and though you + Possess the intellect of angels too. + 'Tis all in vain`;—the world will ne'er inquire + On such a score`:—why should it take the pains? + 'Tis easier to weigh purses`, sure, than brains'. +3. I once saw a poor fellow, keen and clever. + Witty and wise`; he paid a man a visit, + And no one noticed him', and no one ever + Gave him a welcome`. "Strange`," cried I', "whence is it`?" + He walked on this side', then on that`, + He tried to introduce a social chat`; + Now here', now there`, in vain he tried`; + Some formally and freezingly replied, + And some said by their silence,—"Better stay at home." +4. A rich man burst the door, + As Croesus[Headnote 1] rich;—I'm sure + He could not pride himself upon his wit`; + And, as for wisdom, he had none of it`; + He had what's better`,—he had wealth. + What a confusion!—all stand up erect,— + These crowd around to ask him of his health; + These bow in <i>honest</i> duty and respect; + And these arrange a sofa or a chair, + And these conduct him there. + "Allow me, sir, the honor`;"—Then a bow + Down to the earth`.—<i>Is't</i> possible to show + Meet gratitude for such kind condescension`! +5. The poor man hung his head, + And to himself he said, + "This is indeed beyond my comprehension:" + Then looking round, one friendly face he found, + And said,—"Pray tell me why is wealth preferred + "To wisdom?"—"That's a silly question, friend!" + Replied the other,—"have you never heard. + A man may lend his store + Of gold or silver ore, + But wisdom none can borrow, none can lend?" +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. How do you account for the different + inflections in the last line of the second verse? See page + 31, Note I. 2. What rule for the falling inflection on + <i>condescension</i>? See page 29, Note I. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson93"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XCIII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + EX HI BI' TIONS, displays.<br> + CIR CUM SCRIB' ED, encompassed.<br> + NA' VIES, ships of war.<br> + ARM' A MENTS, forces equipped for war.<br> + IM PED' ED, hindered, obstructed.<br> + LE VI' A THAN, huge sea-monster.<br> + MAG NIF' I CENCE, grandeur.<br> + UN A BAT' ED, undiminished.<br> + RE SERV' ED, kept.<br> + EN TRANC' ED, enraptured.<br> + PROM' ON TO RY, headland.<br> + RE VEAL'ED, laid open.<br> + SYM' BOL, token; sign.<br> + AD A MAN TINE, exceedingly hard.<br> + AP PER TAIN' ING, belonging.<br> + TRANS FORM' ING, changing. + </div> + <p> + [Headnote 1: AC' TI UM is the ancient name of a promontory of + Albania, in Turkey in Europe, near which was fought (B.C. 29) + the celebrated naval battle that made Augustus Caesar master + of the Roman world.] + </p> + <p> + [Headnote 2: SAL' A MIS, an island opposite Attica, in + Greece, near which (B.C. 480) occurred the famous naval + engagement which resulted in the defeat of the Persians.] + </p> + <p> + [Headnote 3: NAV A RI' NO is a seaport town on the + southwestern coast of Greece. It was the scene of the + memorable victory of the combined English, French, and + Russian fleets over those of the Turks and Egyptians, gained + on the 20th of October, 1827.] + </p> + <p> + [Headnote 4: TRA FAL GAR', a cape on the southwestern coast + of Spain. It is famous for the great naval battle, fought in + its vicinity, Oct. 21st, 1805, between the fleets of the + French and Spanish on the one side, and the English, under + Lord Nelson, on the other. The English were victorious, + though Nelson was mortally wounded.] + </p> + <h4> + GRANDEUR OF THE OCEAN. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + WALTER COLTON. + </p> + <p> + 1. The most fearful and impressive exhibitions of power known + to our globe, belong to the ocean. The volcano, with its + ascending flame and falling torrents of fire, and the + earthquake, whose footstep is on the ruin of cities, are + circumscribed in the desolating range of their visitations. + But the ocean, when it once rouses itself in its chainless + strength, shakes a thousand shores with its storm and + thunder. Navies of oak and iron are tossed in mockery from + its crest, and armaments, manned by the strength and courage + of millions, perish among its bubbles. + </p> + <p> + 2. The avalanche, shaken from its glittering steep, if it + rolls to the bosom of the earth, melts away, and is lost in + vapor; but if it plunge into the embrace of the ocean, this + mountain mass of ice and hail is borne about for ages in + tumult and terror; it is the drifting monument of the ocean's + dead. The tempest on land is impeded by forests, and broken + by mountains; but on the plain of the deep it rushes + unresisted; and when its strength is at last spent, ten + thousand giant waves still roll its terrors onward. + </p> + <p> + 3. The mountain lake and the meadow stream are inhabited only + by the timid prey of the angler; but the ocean is the home of + the leviathan,—his ways are in the mighty deep. The + glittering pebble and the rainbow-tinted shell, which the + returning tide has left on the shore, and the watery gem + which the pearl-diver reaches at the peril of his life, are + all that man can filch from the treasures of the sea. The + groves of coral which wave over its pavements, and the halls + of amber which glow in its depths, are beyond his approaches, + save when he goes down there to seek, amid their silent + magnificence, his burial monument. + </p> + <p> + 4. The islands, the continents, the shores of civilized and + savage realms, the capitals of kings, are worn by time, + washed away by the wave, consumed by the flame, or sunk by + the earthquake; but the ocean still remains, and still rolls + on in the greatness of its unabated strength. Over the + majesty of its form and the marvel of its might, time and + disaster have no power. Such as creation's dawn beheld, it + rolleth now. + </p> + <p> + 5. The vast clouds of vapor which roll up from its bosom, + float away to encircle the globe: on distant mountains and + deserts they pour out their watery treasures, which gather + themselves again in streams and torrents, to return, with + exulting bounds, to their parent ocean. These are the + messengers which proclaim in every land the exhaustless + resources of the sea; but it is reserved for those who go + down in ships, and who do business in the great waters, to + see the works of the Lord and His wonders in the deep. + </p> + <p> + 6. Let one go upon deck in the middle watch of a still night, + with naught above him but the silent and solemn skies, and + naught around and beneath him but an interminable waste of + waters, and with the conviction that there is but a plank + between him and eternity, a feeling of loneliness, solitude, + and desertion, mingled with a sentiment of reverence for the + vast, mysterious and unknown, will come upon him with a + power, all unknown before, and he might stand for hours + entranced in reverence and tears. + </p> + <p> + 7. Man, also, has made the ocean the theater of <i>his</i> + power. The ship in which he rides that element, is one of the + highest triumphs of his skill. At first, this floating fabric + was only a frail bark, slowly urged by the laboring oar. The + sail, at length, arose and spread its wings to the wind. + Still he had no power to direct his course when the lofty + promontory sunk from sight, or the orbs above him were lost + in clouds. But the secret of the magnet is, at length, + revealed to him, and his needle now settles, with a fixedness + which love has stolen as the symbol of its constancy, to the + polar star. + </p> + <p> + 8. Now, however, he can dispense even with sail, and wind, + and flowing wave. He constructs and propels his vast engines + of flame and vapor, and, through the solitude of the sea, as + over the solid land, goes thundering on his track. On the + ocean, too, thrones have been lost and won. On the fate of + Actium[Headnote 1] was suspended the empire of the world. In + the gulf of Salamis,[Headnote 2] the pride of Persia found a + grave; and the crescent set forever in the waters of + Navarino;[Headnote 3] while, at Trafalgar[Headnote 4] and the + Nile, nations held their breath, + </p> + <pre> + As each gun, +From its adamantine lips, +Spread a death-shade round the ships +Like the hurricane's eclipse + Of the sun. +</pre> + <p> + 9. But, of all the wonders appertaining to the ocean, the + greatest, perhaps, is its transforming power on man. It + unravels and weaves anew the web of his moral and social + being. It invests him with feelings, associations, and + habits, to which he has been an entire stranger. It breaks up + the sealed fountain of his nature, and lifts his soul into + features prominent as the cliffs which beetle over its surge. + </p> + <p> + 10. Once the adopted child of the ocean, he can never bring + back his entire sympathies to land. He will still move in his + dreams over that vast waste of waters, still bound in + exultation and triumph through its foaming billows. All the + other realities of life will be comparatively tame, and he + will sigh for his tossing element, as the caged eagle for the + roar and arrowy light of his mountain cataract. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What is said of the volcano and + earthquake? 2. Of the avalanche and tempest? 3. Of the ocean? + 4. Of ships? 5. Where have naval battles been fought? 6. What + influence has the ocean on man? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson94"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XCIV. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + RE LAX' ED, loosened.<br> + AS SI DU' I TIES, kind, constant attentions.<br> + CON SIGN' ED, committed; given over.<br> + EX TE' RI OR, outer appearance.<br> + UN AF FECT' ED, sincere.<br> + UN PRE TEND' ING, unostentatious.<br> + HA BIL' I MENTS, vestments.<br> + SU PER STI' TIOUS, full of scruples.<br> + REC' ON CILE, make willing.<br> + PEN' E TRATES, sees through.<br> + PER VADE', (PER, <i>through</i>; VADE, <i>go</i>, or + <i>pass</i>;) pass through; appear throughout. + </div> + <h4> + A BURIAL AT SEA. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + WALTER COLTON. + </p> + <p> + 1. Death is a fearful thing, come in what form it + may,—fearful, when the vital chords are so gradually + relaxed, that life passes away sweetly as music from the + slumbering harp-string,—fearful, when in his own quiet + chamber, the departing one is summoned by those who sweetly + follow him with their prayers, when the assiduities of + friendship and affection can go no farther, and who discourse + of heaven and future blessedness, till the closing ear can no + longer catch the tones of the long-familiar voice, and who, + lingering near, still feel for the hushed pulse, and then + trace in the placid slumber, which pervades each feature, a + quiet emblem of the spirit's serene repose. + </p> + <p> + 2. What, then, must this dread event be to one, who meets it + comparatively alone, far away from the hearth of his home, + upon a troubled sea, between the narrow decks of a restless + ship, and at that dread hour of night, when even the + sympathies of the world seem suspended! Such has been the end + of many who traverse the ocean; and such was the hurried end + of him, whose remains we have just consigned to a watery + grave. + </p> + <p> + 3. He was a sailor; but, beneath his rude exterior, he + carried a heart touched with refinement, pride, and + greatness. There was something about him, which spoke of + better days and a higher destiny. By what errors or + misfortunes he was reduced to his humble condition, was a + secret which he would reveal to none. Silent, reserved, and + thoughtful, he stood a stranger among his free companions, + and never was his voice heard in the laughter or the jest. He + has undoubtedly left behind many who will long look for his + return, and bitterly weep when they are told they shall see + his face no more. + </p> + <p> + 4. As the remains of the poor sailor were brought up on deck, + wound in that hammock which, through many a stormy night, had + swung to the wind, one could not but observe the big tear + that stole unconsciously down the rough cheeks of his hardy + companions. When the funeral service was read to that most + affecting passage, "we commit this body to the deep," and the + plank was raised which precipitated to the momentary eddy of + the wave the quickly disappearing form, a heavy sigh from + those around, told that the strong heart of the sailor can be + touched with grief, and that a truly unaffected sorrow may + accompany virtue, in its most unpretending form, to its ocean + grave. Yet how soon is such a scene forgotten! + </p> + <pre> +"As from the wing the sky no scar retains, + The parted wave no furrow from the keel, + So dies in human hearts the thought of death." +</pre> + <p> + 5. There is something peculiarly melancholy and impressive in + a burial at sea: there is here no coffin or hearse, + procession or tolling bell,—nothing that gradually + prepares us for the final separation. The body is wound in + the drapery of its couch, much as if the deceased were only + in a quiet and temporary sleep. In these habiliments of + seeming slumber, it is dropped into the wave, the waters + close over it, the vessel passes quickly on, and not a + solitary trace is left to tell where sunk from light and + life, one that loved to look at the sky and breathe this + vital air. + </p> + <p> + 6. There is nothing that, for one moment, can point to the + deep, unvisited resting-place of the departed,—it is a + grave in the midst of the ocean,—in the midst of a + vast, untrodden solitude. Affection can not approach it, with + its tears; the dews of heaven can not reach it; and there is + around it no violet, or shrub, or murmuring stream. + </p> + <p> + 7. It may be superstitious; but no advantages of wealth, or + honor, or power, through life, would reconcile me at its + close to such a burial. I would rather share the coarse and + scanty provisions of the simplest cabin, and drop away + unknown and unhonored by the world, so that my final + resting-place be beneath some green tree, by the side of some + living stream, or in some familiar spot, where the few that + loved me in life, might visit me in death. + </p> + <p> + 8. But, whether our grave be in the fragrant shade, or in the + fathomless ocean, among our kindred, or in the midst of + strangers, the day is coming when we shall all appear at one + universal bar, and receive from a righteous Judge the award + of our deeds. He that is wisest, penetrates the future the + deepest. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What is said of death? 2. What, of death + at sea? 3. What renders a burial at sea peculiarly melancholy + and impressive? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson95"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XCV. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + MYS TE' RI OUS, secret; mystical.<br> + UN RECK' ED, unheeded.<br> + AR' GO SIES, ships of great burden.<br> + WR ATH' FUL, furious; raging.<br> + PAL' A CES, splendid mansions.<br> + SCORN' FUL, disdainful.<br> + DE CAY', ruin; destruction.<br> + BOOM' ING, roaring.<br> + FES' TAL, joyous; merry.<br> + RE CLAIM', claim again; recover. + </div> + <h4> + THE TREASURES OF THE DEEP. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + MRS. HERMANS. + </p> + <pre> +1. What hid'st thou in thy treasure-caves and cells? + Thou hollow-sounding and mysterious main! + Pale, glistening pearls, and rainbow-colored shells, + Bright things which gleam unrecked of, and in vain! + Keep, keep thy riches, melancholy sea! + We ask not such from thee. +2. Yet more, the depths have more! what wealth untold, + Far down, and shining through their stillness lies! + Thou hast the starry gems, the burning gold, + Won from ten thousand royal argosies! + Sweep o'er thy spoils, thou wild and wrathful main! + Earth claims not <i>these</i> again. +3. Yet more, the depths have more! thy waves have rolled + Above the cities of a world gone by! + Sand hath filled up the palaces of old, + Sea-weed o'ergrown the halls of revelry. + Dash o'er them, Ocean! in thy scornful play! + Man yields them to decay. +4. Yet more, the billows and the depths have more! + High hearts and brave are gathered to thy breast! + They hear not now the booming waters roar; + The battle-thunders will not break their rest. + Keep thy red gold and gems, thou stormy grave! + Give back the true and brave! +5. Give back the lost and lovely,—those for whom + The place was kept at board and hearth so long, + The prayer went up through midnight's breathless gloom, + And the vain yearning woke 'midst festal song! + Hold fast thy buried isles, thy towers o'erthrown; + But all is not thine own. +6. To thee the love of woman hath gone down; + Dark flow thy tides o'er manhood's noble head, + O'er youth's bright locks, and beauty's flowery crown, + Yet must thou hear a voice,—<i>Restore the dead!</i> + Earth shall reclaim her precious things from thee! +<i>Restore the dead, thou Sea!</i> +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What are some of the treasures of the + deep? 2. What treasures has the sea won from trading vessels? + 3. Over what does the sea roll? 4. What does the writer call + on the sea to restore? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson96"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XCVI. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + UN FOR' TU NATE, wretched person.<br> + CER E MENTS, grave-clothes.<br> + SCRU' TI NY, inquiry.<br> + MU' TI NY, resistance to rightful rule.<br> + WON' DER MENT, curiosity.<br> + PROV' I DENCE, care; protection.<br> + A MAZE' MENT, astonishment.<br> + DIS' SO LUTE, abandoned; licentious.<br> + SPUR' RED, pushed on; impelled.<br> + CON' TU ME LY, scorn; insult.<br> + IN HU MAN' I TY, cruel treatment.<br> + IN SAN' I TY, madness. + </div> + <h4> + THE BRIDGE OF SIGHS. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + THOMAS HOOD. + </p> + <pre> + 1. One more Unfortunate, + Weary of breath, + Rashly importunate, + Gone to her death! + 2. Take her up tenderly, + Lift her with care, + Fashioned so slenderly, + Young, and so fair! + 3. Look at her garments + Clinging like cerements; + While the wave constantly + Drips from her clothing; + Take her up instantly, + Loving, not loathing. + 4. Touch her not scornfully; + Think of her mournfully, + Gently and humanly; + Not of the stains of her; + All that remains of her + Now, is pure womanly. + 5. Make no deep scrutiny + Into her mutiny, + Rash and undutiful; + Past all dishonor, + Death has left on her + Only the beautiful. + 6. Loop up her tresses + Escaped from the comb,— + Her fair auburn tresses; + While wonderment guesses + Where was her home? + 7. Who was her father`? + Who was her mother`? + Had she a sister'? + Had she a brother'? + Or, was there a dearer one + Still, and a nearer one + Yet, than all other'? + 8. Alas! for the rarity + Of Christian charity + Under the sun! + Oh! it was pitiful! + Near a whole city full, + Home she had none. + 9. Sisterly, brotherly, + Fatherly, motherly, + Feelings had changed: + Love, by harsh evidence, + Thrown from its eminence; + Even God's providence + Seeming estranged. +10. Where the lamps quiver + So far in the river, + With many a light + From window and casement, + From garret to basement, + She stood with amazement, + Houseless by night. +11. The bleak winds of March + Made her tremble and shiver + But not the dark arch, + Or the black flowing river, + Mad from life's history, + Glad to death's mystery, + Swift to be hurled— + Anywhere, anywhere, + Out of the world! +12. In she plunged boldly, + No matter how coldly + The rough river ran— + Picture it—think of it, + Dissolute Man! +13. Take her up tenderly, + Lift her with care, + Fashioned so slenderly, + Young, and so fair! +14. Perishing gloomily, + Spurred by contumely, + Cold inhumanity, + Burning insanity, + Into her rest, + Cross her hands humbly, + As if praying dumbly, + Over her breast! +15. Owning her weakness, + Her evil behavior, + And leaving, with meekness, + Her sins to her Savior! +</pre> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson97"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XCVII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + RE' QUI EM, hymn in honor of the dead.<br> + WED, joined; united.<br> + HENCE' FORTH, hereafter.<br> + DROOP, languish; fail.<br> + AF FEC TION, love.<br> + DIM' MED, dull; obscured. + </div> + <h4> + A REQUIEM. + </h4> + <pre> +1. Breathe low, thou gentle wind, +(<i>pl</i>) Breathe soft and low; + The beautiful lies dead! + The joy of life is fled! + And my lone heart is wed + Henceforth to woe! +2. That thou should'st droop and die + At early morn! + While yet thy graceful dew + A joyous fragrance drew + From every flower that grew + Life's path along! +3. The green earth mourns for thee, + Thou dearest one; + A plaintive tone is heard, + And flower and leaflet stirred, + And every fav'rite bird + Sings sad and lone. +4. Pale is thy brow, and dimmed + Thy sparkling eye! + Affection's sweetest token + Is lost fore'er and broken! + The last kind word is spoken,— + Why did'st thou die? +5. Breathe low, thou gentle wind, + Breathe soft and low; + The beautiful lies dead! + The joy of life is fled! + And my lone heart is wed + Henceforth to woe! +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What rule for changing <i>y</i> into + <i>i</i> in the word <i>beautiful?</i> See ANALYSIS, page 13, + Rule XI. 2. Why are <i>r</i> and <i>m</i> doubled in the + words <i>stirred, dimmed?</i> See Rule IX. 3. What is the + meaning of the suffix <i>let</i>, in the word <i>leaflet?</i> + See page 240, Ex. 185. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson98"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XCVIII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + LUX U' RI ANT, rich; plentiful.<br> + UN OS TEN TA' TIOUS, plain; not showy.<br> + RE VER EN' TIAL, deeply respectful.<br> + RE CEP' TA CLE, place of reception.<br> + SEM' I CIR CLE, half-circle.<br> + REC OG NI' TION, act of knowing.<br> + AG RI CUL' TUR AL, relating to farming.<br> + BEN E DIC' TION, blessing.<br> + DI' A RY, note-book; journal.<br> + SO JOURN' ED, resided for a while.<br> + AC CLA MA' TIONS, shouts.<br> + TRI UMPH' AL, relating to victory.<br> + GRAT U LA' TION, rejoicing.<br> + IN AUG U RA' TION, act of investing with office.<br> + EN FRAN' CHIS ED, freed; liberated. + </div> + <p> + [Headnote 1: SAR COPH' A GUS, (SARCO, <i>flesh</i>; and + PHAGUS, <i>that which eats or devours</i>,) is made up of two + Greek words, signifying together <i>flesh-eating</i>, and was + applied by the ancients to a species of stone, used for + making coffins. Hence, sarcophagus came to signify a + <i>stone-coffin</i>. The form of the plural in Latin, is + <i>sarcophagi</i>.] + </p> + <p> + [Headnote 2: BAS' TILE, (<i>bas' teel</i>,) an old state + prison in Paris, built in 1369, and destroyed by a mob in + 1789.] + </p> + <h4> + VISIT TO MOUNT VERNON. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + A.C. RITCHIE. + </p> + <p> + 1. At this moment, we drew near the rude wharf at Mount + Vernon; the boat stopped, and the crowd of passengers landed. + By a narrow pathway we ascended a majestic hill thickly + draped with trees. The sun scarcely found its way through the + luxuriant foliage. We mounted slowly, but had only spent a + few minutes in ascending, when we came suddenly upon a + picturesque nook, where a cluster of unostentatious, white + marble shafts, shot from the greenly sodded earth, inclosed + by iron railings. Those unpretending monuments mark the + localities where repose the mortal remains of Washington's + kindred. + </p> + <p> + 2. Just beyond stands a square brick building. In the center + you see an iron gate. Here the crowd pauses in reverential + silence. Men lift their hats and women bow their heads. You + behold within, two sarcophagi.[Headnote 1] In those moldering + tombs lie the ashes of the great Washington and his wife. Not + a word is uttered as the crowd stand gazing on this lowly + receptacle of the dust of America's mighty dead. + </p> + <p> + 3. Are there any in that group who can say, "this was + <i>our</i> country's father'?" If there be, can they stand + pilgrims at that grave without Washington's examples, his + counsels, his words, heretofore, it may be, half-forgotten, + stealing back into their minds, until the sense of reverence + and gratitude is deepened almost to awe? Do they not feel + that Washington's spirit is abroad in the world, filling the + souls of a heaven-favored people with the love of freedom and + of country, though his ashes are gathered here'? + </p> + <p> + 4. Some one moves to pass on; and, with that first step, the + spell is broken; others follow. Herman and Jessie linger + last. After a period of mute and moving reflection, they turn + away and slowly approach the mansion that, in simple, rural + stateliness, stands upon a noble promontory, belted with + woods, and half-girdled by the sparkling waters of the + Potomac, which flow in a semicircle around a portion of the + mount. + </p> + <p> + 5. The water and woodland view from the portico is highly + imposing. But it was not the mere recognition of the + picturesque and beautiful in nature, that moved Herman and + Jessie. They would have felt that they were on holy ground, + had the landscape been devoid of natural charm. Here the feet + of the first of heroes had trod, and here, in boyhood, he had + sported with his beloved brother Lawrence. + </p> + <p> + 6. In those forests, those deep-wooded glens, he had hunted, + when a stripling, by the side of old Lord Fairfax; here he + took his first lessons in the art of war; to this home he + brought his bride; by this old-fashioned, hospitable-looking + fireside, he sat with that dear and faithful wife; beneath + yonder alley of lofty trees he has often wandered by her + side; here he indulged the agricultural tastes in which he + delighted; here resigned his Cincinnatus vocation, and bade + adieu to his cherished home at the summons of his country. + </p> + <p> + 7. Here his wife received the letter which told her that he + had been appointed Commander-in-chief of the army; here, when + the glorious struggle closed at the trumpet notes of + victory—when the British had retired—when, with + tears coursing down his benignant, manly countenance, he had + uttered a touching farewell—bestowed a paternal + benediction on the American army, and resigned all public + service— <i>here</i> he returned, thinking to resume + the rural pursuits that charmed him, and to end his days in + peace! + </p> + <p> + 8. Here are the trees, the shrubbery he planted with his own + hands, and noted in his diary; here are the columns of the + portico round which he twined the coral honeysuckle; the ivy + he transplanted still clings to yonder garden wall; these + vistas he opened through yon pine groves to command far-off + views! Here the valiant Lafayette sojourned with him; there + hangs the key of the Bastile[Headnote 2] which he presented. + </p> + <p> + 9. Here flocked the illustrious men of all climes, and were + received with warm, unpretending, almost rustic hospitality. + Here the French Houdon modeled his statue, and the English + Pine painted his portrait, and caused that jocose remark, "I + am so hackneyed to the touches of the painters' pencil, that + I am altogether at their beck, and sit like 'Patience on a + monument!'" + </p> + <p> + 10. Then came another summons from the land he had saved, and + he was chosen by unanimous voice its chief ruler. Thousands + of men, women, and children, sent up acclamations, and called + down blessings on his head, as he made his triumphal progress + from Mount Vernon to New York, to take the presidential oath. + The roar of cannon rent the air. The streets through which he + passed, were illuminated and decked with flags and wreaths. + Bonfires blazed on the hills. From ships and boats floated + festive decorations. At Gray's Ferry, he passed under + triumphal arches. + </p> + <p> + 11. On the bridge across the Assumpink, at Trenton, (the very + bridge over which he had retreated in such blank despair, + before the army of Cornwallis, on the eve of the battle of + Princeton,) thirteen pillars, twined with laurel and + evergreens, were reared by woman's hands. The foremost of the + arches those columns supported, bore the inscription, <i>"The + Defender of the Mothers will he the Protector of the + Daughters."</i> Mothers, with their white-robed daughters, + were assembled beneath the vernal arcade. Thirteen maidens + scattered flowers beneath his feet, as they sang an ode of + gratulation. The people's hero ever after spoke of this + tribute, as the one that touched him most deeply. + </p> + <p> + 13. When his first presidential term expired, and his heart + yearned for the peace of his domestic hearth, the entreaties + of Jefferson, Randolph, and Hamilton, forced him to forget + that home for the one he held in the hearts of patriots, and + to allow his name to be used a second time. A second time he + was unanimously elected to preside over his country's + welfare. But, the period happily expired, he thankfully laid + aside the mantle of state, the scepter of power, and, five + days after the inauguration of Adams, returned here to his + Mount Vernon home. And here the good servant, whom his Lord, + when He came, found watching and ready, calmly yielded up his + breath, exclaiming, "It is well!" and his spirit was wafted + to Heaven by the blessings of his enfranchised countrymen. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. Where is Mount Vernon? 2. What is said of + Washington's tomb? 3. Mention some of the things which he did + here? 4. What demonstrations were made by the people, as he + went to New York to take the oath of office? 5. Did he serve + more than one term as President? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson99"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XCIX. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + CHIV' AL ROUS, gallant; heroic.<br> + HAL' LOW, consecrate; keep sacred.<br> + MER' CE NA RY, mean; venal.<br> + AD VEN' TUR ER, fortune-seeker.<br> + VAN' QUISH ED, conquered.<br> + OUT' CAST, exile; castaway.<br> + TRAP' PINGS, ornaments; equipments.<br> + CRU SADE', battle zealously.<br> + CA REER' ED, moved rapidly.<br> + PHAL' ANX, compact body of men.<br> + TRANS PORT' ING, exulting.<br> + TRO PHIES, memorials of victory.<br> + PA' GEANT, pompous; showy.<br> + MIN' ION, favorite. + </div> + <h4> + LA FAYETTE. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + CHARLES SPRAGUE. + </p> + <p> + 1. While we bring our offerings for the mighty of our + <i>own</i> land, shall we not remember the chivalrous spirits + of <i>other</i> shores, who shared with them the hour of + weakness and woe'? Pile to the clouds the majestic column of + glory`; let the lips of those who can speak well, hallow each + spot where the bones of your bold repose`; but forget not + those who, with your bold, went out to battle. + </p> + <p> + 2. Among those men of noble daring, there was <i>one</i>, a + young and gallant stranger, who left the blushing vine-hills + of his delightful France. The people whom he came to succor, + were not <i>his</i> people; he knew them only in the + melancholy story of their wrongs. He was no mercenary + adventurer, striving for the spoil of the vanquished; the + palace acknowledged him for its lord, and the valley yielded + him its increase. He was no nameless man, staking life for + reputation; he ranked among nobles, and looked unawed upon + kings. + </p> + <p> + 3. He was no friendless outcast, seeking for a grave to hide + a broken heart; he was girdled by the companions of his + childhood; his kinsmen were about him; his wife was before + him. Yet from all these loved ones he turned away. Like a + lofty tree that shakes down its green glories, to battle with + the winter storm, he flung aside the trappings of place and + pride, to crusade for Freedom, in Freedom's holy land. He + came`; but not in the day of successful rebellion', not when + the new-risen sun of Independence had burst the cloud of + time, and careered to its place in the heavens'. + </p> + <p> + 4. He came when darkness curtained the hills, and the tempest + was abroad in its anger`; when the plow stood still in the + field of promise, and briers cumbered the garden of beauty`; + when fathers were dying, and mothers were weeping over them`; + when the wife was binding up the gashed bosom of her husband, + and the maiden was wiping the death-damp from the brow of her + lover`. He came when the brave began to fear the power of + man, and the pious to doubt the favor of God. It was + <i>then</i> that this one joined the ranks of a revolted + people. + </p> + <p> + 5. Freedom's little phalanx bade him a grateful welcome. With + them he courted the battle's rage; with theirs, his arm was + lifted; with theirs, his blood was shed. Long and doubtful + was the conflict. At length, kind Heaven smiled on the good + cause, and the beaten invaders fled. The profane were driven + from the temple of Liberty, and, at her pure shrine, the + pilgrim-warrior, with his adored commander, knelt and + worshiped. Leaving there his offering, the incense of an + uncorrupted spirit, he at length rose, and, crowned with + benedictions, turned his happy feet toward his long-deserted + home. + </p> + <p> + 6. After nearly fifty years, that <i>one</i> has come again. + Can mortal tongue tell? can mortal heart feel, the sublimity + of that coming? Exulting millions rejoice in it; and their + loud, long, transporting shout, like the mingling of many + winds, rolls on, undying, to Freedom's farthest mountains. A + congregated nation comes around him. Old men bless him, and + children reverence him. The lovely come out to look upon him; + the learned deck their halls to greet him; the rulers of the + land rise up to do him homage. + </p> + <p> + 7. How his full heart labors! He views the rusting trophies + of departed days; he treads the high places where his + brethren molder; he bends before the tomb of his "father;" + [Footnote: Washington] his words are tears,—the speech + of sad remembrance. But he looks round upon a ransomed land + and a joyous race; he beholds the blessings these trophies + secured, for which these brethren died, for which that + "father" lived; and again his words are tears,—the + eloquence of gratitude and joy. + </p> + <p> + 8. Spread forth creation like a map; bid earth's dead + multitudes revive; and of all the pageant splendors that ever + glittered to the sun, when looked his burning eye on a sight + like this? Of all the myriads that have come and gone, what + cherished minion ever ruled an hour like this? Many have + struck the redeeming blow for their own freedom; but who, + like this man, has bared his bosom in the cause of strangers? + </p> + <p> + 9. Others have lived in the love of their own people; but + who, like this man, has drank his sweetest cup of welcome + with another? Matchless chief! of glory's immortal tablets + there is one for him, for <i>him</i> alone! Oblivion shall + never shroud its splendor; the everlasting flame of Liberty + shall guard it, that the generations of men may repeat the + name recorded there, the beloved name of LA FAYETTE. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. Of what country was La Fayette a native? + 2. What was his position at home? 3. In what condition was + this country when he came to join our army? 4. How many years + after, before he revisited this country? 5. What + demonstrations were manifested by the people? 6. What is said + of his fame? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson100"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON C. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + PRO FU' SION, abundance; variety.<br> + CON FU' SION, intricacy; indistinct movement.<br> + COM MO TION, agitation; shaking.<br> + RE SULT', effect.<br> + DI MIN' ISH, lessen.<br> + MYS' TER Y, maze; secrecy.<br> + HIS' TO RY, plain matter of fact.<br> + PA' GES, boy-servants; attendants.<br> + SPAR' RING, boxing; disputing.<br> + PUP' PETS, dolls; small figures of persons.<br> + FIN ISH, completion.<br> + GLO' RI OUS, grand; splendid.<br> + RE JECT, refuse; deny.<br> + RE FLECT' ED, turned back; borrowed. + </div> + <h4> + THE MYSTIC WEAVER. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + REV. DR. HARBAUGH. + </p> + <pre> + 1. Weaver at his loom is sitting, + Throws his shuttle to and fro; + Foot and treadle, + Hand and pedal, + Upward, downward, + Hither, thither, + How the weaver makes them go! + As the weaver <i>wills</i> they go. + Up and down the web is plying, + And across the woof is flying; + What a rattling! + What a battling! + What a shuffling! + What a scuffling! + As the weaver makes his shuttle, + Hither, thither, scud and scuttle. + 2. Threads in single, + Threads in double; + How they mingle! + What a trouble, + Every color! + What profusion! + Every motion— + What confusion! + While the web and woof are mingling, + Signal bells above are jingling, + Telling how each figure ranges, + Telling when the color changes, + As the weaver makes his shuttle, + Hither, thither, scud and scuttle. + 3. Weaver at his loom is sitting, + Throws his shuttle to and fro; + 'Mid the noise and wild confusion, + Well the weaver seems to know, + As he makes his shuttle go, + What each motion, + And commotion, + What each fusion, + And confusion, + In the <i>grand result</i> will show: + Weaving daily, + Singing gayly, + As he makes his busy shuttle, + Hither, thither, scud and scuttle. + 4. Weaver at his loom is sitting, + Throws his shuttle to and fro; + See you not how shape and order + From the wild confusion grow, + As he makes his shuttle go'? + As the web and woof diminish, + Grows beyond the beauteous finish: + Tufted plaidings, + Shapes and shadings, + All the mystery + Now is history: + And we see the reason subtle, + Why the weaver makes his shuttle, + Hither, thither, scud and scuttle. + 5. See the Mystic Weaver sitting, + High in Heaven—His loom below. + Up and down the treadles go: + Takes for web the world's long ages, + Takes for woof its kings and sages, + Takes the nobles and their pages, + Takes all stations and all stages. + Thrones are bobbins in His shuttle; + Armies make them scud and scuttle. + 6. Web into the woof must flow, + Up and down the nations go, + As the Weaver <i>wills</i> they go. + Men are sparring, + Powers are jarring, + Upward, downward, + Hither, thither, + See how strange the nations go, + Just like puppets in a show. + Up and down the web is plying + And across the woof is flying. + What a rattling! + What a battling! + What a shuffling! + What a scuffling! + As the Weaver makes His shuttle + Hither, thither, scud and scuttle. + 7. Calmly see the Mystic Weaver, + Throw His shuttle to and fro; + 'Mid the noise and wild confusion, + Well the Weaver seems to know + What each motion + And commotion, + What each fusion + And confusion, + In the grand result will show, + As the nations, + Kings and stations, + Upward, downward, + Hither, thither, + As in mystic dances, go. + 8. In the Present all is mystery, + In the Past 'tis beauteous History. + O'er the mixing and the mingling, + How the signal bells are jingling! + See you not the Weaver leaving + Finished work behind in weaving'? + See you not the reason subtle, + As the web and woof diminish, + Changing into beauteous finish, + Why the Weaver makes His shuttle, + Hither, thither, scud and scuttle'? + 9. <i>Glorious wonder</i>! What a weaving! + To the dull beyond believing! + Such no fabled ages know. + Only Faith can see the mystery + How, along the aisle of History + Where the feet of sages go, + Loveliest to the purest eyes, + Grand the mystic tapet lies! + Soft and smooth and even-spreading + As if made for angels' treading; + Tufted circles touching ever, + Inwrought figures fading never; + Every figure has its plaidings, + Brighter form and softer shadings; + Each illuminated,—what a riddle!— + From a Cross that gems the middle. +10. 'Tis a saying—some reject it,— + That its light is all reflected: + That the tapet's hues are given + By a Sun that shines in Heaven! + 'Tis believed, by all believing + That great God Himself is weaving! + Bringing out the world's dark mystery + In the light of Faith and History; + And, as web and woof diminish, + Comes the grand and glorious finish: + When begin the golden ages, + Long foretold by seers and sages. +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. Describe the process of weaving. 2. Who + are weaving the web of history? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson101"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CI. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + CON FOUND', perplex; confuse.<br> + WOOF, cloth; texture.<br> + RAR' ER, scarcer; more excellent.<br> + PRAI' RIES, large tracts of land, with few trees, and + covered with grass.<br> + SAV' AGE, wild; uncultivated.<br> + SAVAN'NA, open meadow or plain.<br> + PI O NEERS', persons that go before to prepare the way for + others.<br> + SCOUTS, spies.<br> + HEART' EN, encourage.<br> + SCAN' NED, closely examined.<br> + CLEAV' ING, parting; separating.<br> + HOL' I DAY, day of rest or joy. + </div> + <h4> + WORK AWAY. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + HARPERS' MAGAZINE. + </p> + <pre> +1. Work away! + For the Master's eye is on us, + Never off us, still upon us, + Night and day! + Work away! + Keep the busy fingers plying, + Keep the ceaseless shuttles flying, + See that never thread lie wrong; + Let not clash or clatter round us, + Sound of whirring wheels, confound us; + Steady hand! let woof be strong + And firm, that has to last so long? + Work away! +2. Keep upon the anvil ringing + Stroke of hammer; on the gloom + Set 'twixt cradle and the tomb, + Showers of fiery sparkles flinging; + Keep the mighty furnace glowing; + Keep the red ore hissing, flowing + Swift within the ready mold; + See that each one than the old + Still be fitter, still be fairer + For the servant's use, and rarer + For the Master to behold: + Work away! +3. Work away! + For the Leader's eye is on us, + Never off us, still upon us, + Night and day! + Wide the trackless prairies round us, + Dark and unsunned woods surround us, + Steep and savage mountains bound us; + Far away + Smile the soft savannas green, + Rivers sweep and roll between: + Work away! +4. Bring your axes, woodmen true; + Smite the forest till the blue + Of heaven's sunny eye looks through + Every wild and tangled glade; + Jungled swamp and thicket shade + Give to day! +5. O'er the torrents fling your bridges, + Pioneers! Upon the ridges + Widen, smooth the rocky stair,— + They that follow far behind + Coming after us, will find + Surer, easier footing there; + Heart to heart, and hand with hand, + From the dawn to dusk of day, + Work away! + Scouts upon the mountain's peak,— + Ye that see the Promised Land, + Hearten us! for ye can speak + Of the Country ye have scanned, + Far away! +6. Work away! + For the Father's eye is on us, + Never off us, still upon us, + Night and day! + WORK AND PRAY! + Pray! and Work will be completer; + Work! and Prayer will be the sweeter; + Love! and Prayer and Work the fleeter + Will ascend upon their way! +7. Fear not lest the busy finger + Weave a net the soul to stay; + Give her wings,—she will not linger, + Soaring to the source of day; + Clearing clouds that still divide us + From the azure depths of rest, + She will come again! beside us, + With the sunshine on her breast, + Sit, and sing to us, while quickest + On their task the fingers move, + While the outward din wars thickest, + Songs that she hath learned above. +8. Live in Future as in Present; + Work for both while yet the day + Is our own! for lord and peasant, + Long and bright as summer's day, + Cometh, yet more sure, more pleasant, + Cometh soon our Holiday; + Work away! +</pre> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson102"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + PROP O SI' TION, proposal.<br> + AD HE' SION, attraction.<br> + AB SURD I TY, folly; nonsense.<br> + VIS' ION ARY, fanciful; imaginary.<br> + DIS CUS' SION, debate; controversy.<br> + THE' O RY, idea; scheme of doctrine.<br> + AM BAS' SA DOR, messenger; deputy.<br> + NAV' I GA TORS, voyagers; seamen.<br> + SPEC U LA' TION, theory; mental view.<br> + EN' TER PRISE, attempt; undertaking.<br> + FRI VOL' I TY, levity; triflingness.<br> + PRE SENT' I MENT, previous notice.<br> + <br> + AN TIP' O DES, (ANTI, <i>opposite</i>; PODES, <i>the + feet</i>;) having their feet opposite to ours; that is, + living on the other side of the earth. + </div> + <p> + [Headnote 1: GEN O ESE', a native of Genoa,—a famous + fortified seaport city in Northern Italy.] + </p> + <p> + [Headnote 2: LAC TAN' TIUS, one of the fathers of the Latin + church, born about the year A.D. 250. He was celebrated as a + teacher of eloquence, and before his conversion to + Christianity, had so successfully studied the great Roman + orator that he afterwards received the appellation of the + "Christian Cicero."] + </p> + <h4> + QUEEN ISABELLA'S RESOLVE. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + FROM VINET. + </p> + <span class="center"> + QUEEN ISABELLA OF SPAIN, DON GOMEZ, AND COLUMBUS. + </span> + <p> + <i>Isabella.</i> And so, Don Gomez, it is your conclusion + that we ought to dismiss the proposition of this worthy + Genoese.[Headnote 1] + </p> + <p> + <i>Don Gomez.</i> His scheme, your majesty, seems to me + fanciful in the extreme; but I am a plain matter-of-fact man, + and do not see visions and dreams, like some. + </p> + <p> + <i>Isa.</i> And yet Columbus has given us cogent reasons for + believing that it is practicable to reach the eastern coast + of India by sailing in a westerly direction. + </p> + <p> + <i>Don G.</i> Admitting that his theory is correct, namely, + that the earth is a sphere, how would it be possible for him + to return, if he once descended that sphere in the direction + he proposes`? Would not the coming back be all up-hill'? + Could a ship accomplish it with even the most favorable + wind'? + </p> + <p> + <i>Columbus.</i> Will your majesty allow me to suggest that, + if the earth is a sphere, the same laws of adhesion and + motion must operate at every point on its surface; and the + objection of Don Gomez would be quite as valid against our + being able to return from crossing the Strait of Gibraltar. + </p> + <p> + <i>Don G.</i> This gentleman, then, would have us believe the + monstrous absurdity, that there are people on the earth who + are our antipodes,—who walk with their heads down, like + flies on the ceiling. + </p> + <p> + <i>Col.</i> But, your majesty, if there is a law of + attraction which makes matter gravitate to the earth, and + prevents its flying off into space, may not this law operate + at every point on the round earth's surface'? + </p> + <p> + <i>Isa.</i> Truly, it so seems to me; and I perceive nothing + absurd in the notion that this earth is a globe floating or + revolving in space. + </p> + <p> + <i>Don G.</i> May it please your majesty, the ladies are + privileged to give credence to many wild tales which we plain + matter-of-fact men can not admit. Every step I take, confutes + this visionary idea of the earth's rotundity. Would not the + blood run into my head, if I were standing upside down! Were + I not fearful of offending your majesty, I would quote what + the great Lactantius[Headnote 2] says. + </p> + <p> + <i>Isa</i>. We are not vain of our science, Don Gomez; so let + us have the quotation. + </p> + <p> + <i>Don G</i>. "Is there any one so foolish," he asks, "as to + believe that there are antipodes with their feet opposite to + ours,—that there is a part of the world in which all + things are topsy-turvy, where the trees grow with their + branches downward, and where it rains, hails, and snows, + upward'?" + </p> + <p> + <i>Col</i>. I have already answered this objection. If there + are people on the earth who are our antipodes, it should be + remembered that we are theirs also. + </p> + <p> + <i>Don G</i>. Really, that is the very point wherein we + matter-of-fact men abide by the assurance of our own senses. + We know that we are not walking with our heads downward. + </p> + <p> + <i>Isa</i>. To cut short the discussion, you think that the + enterprise which the Genoese proposes, is one unworthy of our + serious consideration; and that his theory of an unknown + shore to the westward of us is a fallacy. + </p> + <p> + <i>Don G</i>. As a plain matter-of-fact man, I must confess + that I so regard it. Has your majesty ever seen an ambassador + from this unknown coast? + </p> + <p> + <i>Isa</i>. Don Gomez, do you believe in the existence of a + world of spirits? Have you ever seen an ambassador from that + unknown world? + </p> + <p> + <i>Don G</i>. Certainly not. By faith we look forward to it. + </p> + <p> + <i>Isa</i>. Even so by faith does the Genoese look forward, + far over misty ocean, to an undiscovered shore. + </p> + <p> + <i>Col.</i> Your majesty is right; but let it be added that I + have reasons, oh! most potent and resistless reasons, for the + faith that is in me: the testimony of many navigators who + have picked up articles that must have drifted from this + distant coast: the nature of things, admitting that the earth + is round: the reports current among the people of one of the + northern nations, that many years ago their mariners had + sailed many leagues westward till they reached a shore where + the grape grew abundantly; these and other considerations + have made it the fixed persuasion of my mind, that there is a + great discovery reserved for the man who will sail patiently + westward, trusting in God's good providence, and turning not + back till he has achieved his purpose. + </p> + <p> + <i>Don G.</i> Then truly we should never hear of him again. + Speculation! mere speculation, your majesty! When this + gentleman can bring forward some solid facts that will induce + us plain matter-of-fact men to risk money in forwarding his + enterprise, it will then be time enough for royalty to give + it heed. Why, your majesty, the very boys in the streets + point at their foreheads as he passes along. + </p> + <p> + <i>Isa.</i> And so you bring forward the frivolity of boys + jeering at what they do not comprehend, as an argument why + Isabella should not give heed to this great and glorious + scheme? Ay, sir, though it should fail, still, it has been + urged in language so intelligent and convincing, by this + grave and earnest man, whom you think to undervalue by + calling him an adventurer, that I am resolved to test the + "absurdity," as you style it, and that forthwith. + </p> + <p> + <i>Don G.</i> Your majesty will excuse me if I remark, that I + have from your royal consort himself the assurance that the + finances are so exhausted by the late wars, that he can not + consent to advance the necessary funds for fitting out an + expedition of the kind proposed. + </p> + <p> + <i>Isa.</i> Be <i>mine</i>, then, the privilege! I have + jewels, by the pledging of which I can raise the amount + required; and I have resolved that they shall be pledged to + this enterprise, without any more delay. + </p> + <p> + <i>Col.</i> Your majesty shall not repent your heroic + resolve. I will return, your majesty; be sure I will return, + and lay at your feet such a jewel as never queen wore yet, an + imperishable fame,—a fame that shall couple with your + memory the benedictions of millions yet unborn, in climes yet + unknown to civilized man. There is an uplifting presentiment + in my mind, a conviction that your majesty will live to bless + the hour you came to this decision. + </p> + <p> + <i>Don G.</i> A presentiment? A plain matter-of-fact man, + like myself, must take leave of your majesty, if his + practical common-sense is to be met and superseded by + presentiments! An ounce of fact, your majesty, is worth a ton + of presentiment. + </p> + <p> + <i>Isa.</i> That depends altogether upon the source of the + presentiment, Don Gomez. If it come from the Fountain of all + truth, shall it not be good? + </p> + <p> + <i>Don G.</i> I humbly take my leave of your majesty. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What reasons did Don Gomez advance in + proof that the earth is not a sphere? 2. What argument did + Columbus present in proof that it was? 3. What did Queen + Isabella resolve to do? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson103"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CIII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + CON FIRM' ING, corroborating.<br> + AS SUR AN CES, assertions.<br> + MU TI NEER', one who resists orders.<br> + IN FER' RED, concluded.<br> + CRAV' ED, begged.<br> + AS SO' CIA TING, joining; connecting.<br> + EX PEC TA' TION, hope; a looking for.<br> + VER' I FIED, made true; realized.<br> + PHOS PHO RES' CENCE, faint light.<br> + HES I TA' TION, doubt.<br> + EN JOIN' ING, commanding; ordering.<br> + AM PHI THE' A TER, circular theater.<br> + CON TR AST' ED, set in opposition.<br> + DE MEAN' OR, behavior.<br> + DE FAULT', defect; absence.<br> + IN SIG' NIA, marks; signs.<br> + IN I' TIALS, first letters.<br> + DEV AS TA TION, a laying waste. + </div> + <h4> + DISCOVERY OF THE NEW WORLD. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + LAMARTINE. + </p> + <p> + 1. At sunrise, on the second day, some rashes recently torn + up, were seen near the vessels. A plank, evidently hewn by an + ax, a stick skillfully carved by some cutting instrument, a + bough of hawthorn in blossom,—and lastly, a bird's nest + built on a branch which the wind had broken, and full of + eggs, on which the parent bird was sitting amid the + gently-rolling waves,—were seen floating past on the + waters. The sailors brought on board these living and + inanimate witnesses of their approach to land. They were a + voice from the shore, confirming the assurances of Columbus. + Before the land actually appeared in sight, its neighborhood + was inferred from these marks of life. + </p> + <p> + 2. The mutineers fell on their knees before the Admiral, whom + they had insulted but the day before, craved pardon for their + mistrust, and struck up a hymn of thanksgiving to God for + associating them with this triumph. Night fell on these songs + welcoming a new world. The Admiral gave orders that the sails + should be close-reefed, and the lead kept going; and that + they should sail slowly, being afraid of breakers and shoals, + and feeling certain that the first gleam of daybreak would + discover land under their bows. + </p> + <p> + 3. On the last anxious night none slept. Impatient + expectation had removed all heaviness from their eyes; the + pilots and the seamen, clinging about the masts, yards, and + shrouds, each tried to keep the best place and the closest + watch to get the earliest sight of the new hemisphere. The + Admiral had offered a reward to the first who should cry + <i>Land</i>, provided his announcement was verified by its + actual discovery. + </p> + <p> + 4. Providence, however, reserved to Columbus himself this + first glimpse, which he had purchased at the expense of + twenty years of his life, and of untiring perseverance. While + walking the quarter-deck alone, at midnight, and sweeping the + dark horizon with his keen eye, a gleam of fire passed and + disappeared, and again showed itself on the level of the + waves. Fearful of being deceived by the phosphorescence of + the sea, he quietly called a Spanish gentleman of Isabella's + court, in whom he had more confidence than in the pilots, + pointed out the direction in which he had seen the light, and + asked him whether he could discern any thing there. + </p> + <p> + 5. He replied that he did, indeed, see a flickering light in + that quarter. To make the fact still more sure, Columbus + called another in whom he had confidence to look in the same + direction. He said he had no hesitation in pronouncing that + there was a light on the horizon. But the blaze was hardly + seen before it again disappeared in the ocean, to show itself + anew the next moment. Whether it was the light of a fire on a + low shore, alternately appearing and disappearing beyond the + broken horizon, or whether it was the floating beacon of a + fisherman's boat now rising on the waves, and now sinking in + the trough of the sea, they could not determine. + </p> + <p> + 6. Thus both land and safety appeared together in the shape + of fire to Columbus and his two friends, on the night between + the 11th and 12th of October, 1492. The Admiral, enjoining + silence, kept his observation to himself, for fear of again + raising false hopes, and giving a bitter disappointment to + his ships' companies. He lost sight of the light, and + remained on deck until two in the morning,—praying, + hoping, and despairing alone, awaiting the <i>triumph or the + return</i> on which the morrow was to decide. + </p> + <p> + 7. He was seized with that anguish which precedes the great + discoveries of truth, when, suddenly, a cannon-shot, sounding + over the sea, a few hundred yards in advance of him, burst + upon his ear the announcement of a <i>new-born world</i>, + which made him tremble, and fall upon his knees. It was the + signal of land in sight! made by firing a shot, as had been + arranged with the <i>Pinta</i>, which was sailing in advance + of the squadron, to guide their course and take soundings. + </p> + <p> + 8. At this signal a general shout of <i>"Land ho!"</i> arose + from all the yards and riggings of the ships. The sails were + furled, and daybreak was anxiously awaited. The mystery of + the ocean had breathed its first whisper in the bosom of + night. Daybreak would clear it up openly to every eye. + Delicious and unknown perfumes reached the vessels from the + outline of the shore, with the roar of the waves upon the + reefs and the soft land breeze. + </p> + <p> + 9. The fire seen by Columbus indicated the presence of man, + and of the first element of civilization. Never did the night + appear so long in clearing away from the horizon; for this + horizon was to Columbus and his companions a second creation + of God. The dawn, as it spread over the sky, gradually raised + the shores of an island from the waves. Its distant + extremities were lost in the morning mist. It ascended + gradually, like an amphitheater, from the low beach to the + summit of the hills, whose dark-green covering contrasted + strongly with the blue heavens. + </p> + <p> + 10. Within a few paces from where the foam of the waves + breaks on the yellow sand, forests of tall and unknown trees + stretched away, one above another, over the successive + terraces of the island. Green valleys and bright clefts in + the hollows, afforded a half glimpse into these mysterious + wilds. Here and there could be discovered a few scattered + huts, which, with their outlines and roofs of dry leaves, + looked like bee-hives, and thin columns of blue smoke rose + above the tops of the trees. Half-naked groups of men, women, + and children, more astonished than frightened, appeared among + the thickets near the shore, advancing timidly, and then + drawing back, exhibiting, by their gestures and demeanor, as + much fear as curiosity and wonder, at the sight of these + strange vessels, which the previous night had brought to + their shores. + </p> + <p> + 11. Columbus, after gazing in silence on this foremost shore + of the land so often determined by his calculations, and so + magnificently colored by his imagination, found it to exceed + even his own expectations. He burned with impatience to be + the first European to set foot on the sand, and to plant the + flag of Spain,—the standard of the conquest of God and + of his sovereigns, effected by his genius. But he restrained + the eagerness of himself and of his crew to land, being + desirous of giving to the act of taking possession of a new + world, a <i>solemnity</i> worthy of the greatest deed, + perhaps, ever accomplished by a seaman; and, in default of + men, to call God and His angels, sea, earth, and sky, as + witnesses of his conquest of an unknown hemisphere. + </p> + <p> + 12. He put on all the insignia of his dignities as Admiral of + the Ocean, and the Viceroy of these future realms; he wrapped + himself in his purple cloak, and taking in his hand an + embroidered flag, in which the initials of Ferdinand and + Isabella were interlaced, like their two kingdoms, and, + surmounted by a crown, he entered his boat, and pulled toward + the shore, followed by the boats of his two lieutenants. + </p> + <p> + 13. On landing, he fell on his knees, to acknowledge, by this + act of humility and worship, the goodness and greatness of + God in this new sphere of His works. He kissed the ground, + and, with his face on the earth, he wept tears of double + import, as they fell on the dust of this hemisphere, now, for + the first time, visited by Europeans,—tears of joy for + the overflowing of a proud spirit, grateful and + pious,—tears of sadness for this virgin soil, seeming + to foreshadow the calamities, and devastation, with fire and + sword, and blood and destruction, which the strangers were to + bring with their pride, their knowledge, and their power. + </p> + <p> + 14. It was the <i>man</i> that shed these tears; but it was + the <i>earth</i> that was destined to weep. As Columbus + raised his forehead from the dust, with a Latin prayer, which + his companions have handed down to us, he thus addressed the + Sovereign Ruler of the world: (<i>sl</i>.) "Almighty and + eternal God, who, by the energy of thy creative word, hast + made the firmament, the earth, and sea, blessed and glorified + be Thy name in all places! May Thy majesty and dominion be + exalted forever and ever, as Thou hast permitted Thy holy + name to be made known and spread by the most humble of Thy + servants, in this hitherto unknown portion of Thy empire." + </p> + <p> + 15. He then gave to this land the name of San Salvador. His + lieutenants, his pilots, and his seamen, full of gladness, + and impressed with a superstitious respect for him whose + glance had pierced beyond the visible horizon, and whom they + had offended by their unbelief,—overcome by the + evidence of their eyes, and by that mental superiority which + overawes the minds of men,—fell at the feet of the + Admiral, kissed his hands and his clothes, and recognized, + for a moment, the power and the almost divine nature of + genius; <i>yesterday</i> the victims of his + obstinacy,—<i>now</i> the companions of his success, + and sharers in the glory which they had mocked. Such is + humanity,—persecuting discoverers, yet reaping the + fruits of their inventions. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What evidences had Columbus that land was + near? 2. What did the mutineers do? 3. In what month and year + was the <i>new world</i> discovered? 4. What is said of the + natives? 5. What did Columbus do on landing? 6. What was the + conduct of the officers and seamen? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson104"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CIV. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + FER' MENT, heat; glow.<br> + EN THU' SI ASM, excitement.<br> + PRO DIG' IOUS, very great.<br> + SPEC I MENS, samples.<br> + LEAGU' ED, joined; banded.<br> + PER SUAD' ED, convinced.<br> + PRE POS' TEROUS, absurd; ridiculous.<br> + VAUNT' ED, boasted.<br> + DE LU' SION, deception.<br> + CRED' U LOUS, apt to believe.<br> + UN RE LI' A BLE, untrustworthy.<br> + SUS PI'' CION, doubt; mistrust. + </div> + <h4> + THE RETURN OF COLUMBUS. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + VINET. + </p> + <span class="center"> + DON GOMEZ AND HIS SECRETARY. + </span> + <p> + <i>Don Gomez</i>. WHAT! what is this you tell me? Columbus + returned? A new world discovered? Impossible! + </p> + <p> + <i>Secretary</i>. It is even so, sir. A courier arrived at + the palace but an hour since with the intelligence. Columbus + was driven by stress of weather to anchor in the Tagus. All + Portugal is in a ferment of enthusiasm, and all Spain will be + equally excited soon. The sensation is prodigious! + </p> + <p> + <i>Don G</i>. Oh, it is a trick! It must be a trick! + </p> + <p> + <i>Sec</i>. But he has brought home the proofs of his + visit,—gold and precious stones, strange plants and + animals; and, above all, specimens of a new race of men, + copper-colored, with straight hair. + </p> + <p> + <i>Don G</i>. Still I say, a trick! He has been coasting + along the African shore, and there collected a few + curiosities, which he is passing off for proofs of his + pretended discovery. + </p> + <p> + <i>Sec</i>. It is a little singular that all his men should + be leagued with him in keeping up so unprofitable a + falsehood. + </p> + <p> + <i>Don G</i>. But 'tis against reason, against common sense, + that such a discovery should be made. + </p> + <p> + <i>Sec</i>. King John of Portugal has received him with royal + magnificence, has listened to his accounts, and is persuaded + that they are true. + </p> + <p> + <i>Don G.</i> We shall see, we shall see. Look you, sir, a + plain matter-of-fact man, such as I, is not to be taken in by + any such preposterous story! This vaunted discovery will turn + out no discovery at all. + </p> + <p> + <i>Sec.</i> The king and queen have given orders for + preparations on the most magnificent scale for the reception + of Columbus. + </p> + <p> + <i>Don G.</i> What delusion! Her majesty is so credulous. A + practical, common-sense man, like myself, can find no points + of sympathy in her nature. + </p> + <p> + <i>Sec.</i> The Indians on board the returned vessels, are + said to be unlike any known race of men. + </p> + <p> + <i>Don G.</i> Very unreliable all that! I take the + common-sense view of the thing. I am a matter-of-fact man; + and do you remember what I say, it will all turn out a trick! + The crews may have been deceived. Columbus may have steered a + southerly course, instead of a westerly. Any thing is + probable, rather than that a coast to the westward of us has + been discovered. + </p> + <p> + <i>Sec.</i> I saw the courier, who told me he had conversed + with all the sailors; and they laughed at the suspicion that + there could be any mistake about the discovery, or that any + other than a westerly course had been steered. + </p> + <p> + <i>Don G.</i> Still I say, a trick! An unknown coast reached + by steering west? Impossible! The earth a globe, and men + standing with their heads down in space? Folly! An ignorant + sailor from Genoa in the right, and all our learned doctors + and philosophers in the wrong? <i>Nonsense!</i> I'm a + matter-of-fact man, sir. I will believe what I can see, and + handle, and understand. But as for believing in the + antipodes, or that the earth is round, or that Columbus has + discovered land to the west,— Ring the bell, sir; call + my carriage; I will go to the palace and undeceive the king. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson105"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CV. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + HAR' BIN GER, forerunner; precursor.<br> + UN PIL' LAR ED, unsupported by pillars.<br> + UN YIELDING, stubborn.<br> + DE CREES', edicts; laws.<br> + HAL' LOW ED, sacred; consecrated.<br> + MOLD' ER ING, decaying. + </div> + <h4> + TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO, + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + GRENVILLE MULLEN. + </p> + <pre> + 1. Wake your harp's music!—louder,—higher, + And pour your strains along; + And smite again each quivering wire, + In all the pride of song! +(<i>f.</i>) Shout like those godlike men of old, + Who, daring storm and foe, + On this blessed soil their anthem rolled, + TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO! + 2. From native shores by tempests driven, + They sought a purer sky; + And found, beneath a milder heaven, +<i>The home of Liberty!</i> + An altar rose,—and prayers,—a ray + Broke on their night of woe,— + The harbinger of Freedom's day, + TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO! + 3. They clung around that symbol too, + Their refuge and their all; + And swore, while skies and waves were blue, + That altar should not fall! + They stood upon the red man's sod, + 'Neath heaven's unpillared bow, + With home,—a country, and a God,— + TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO! + 4. Oh! 'twas a hard, unyielding fate + That drove them to the seas; + And Persecution strove with Hate, + To darken her decrees: + But safe, above each coral grave, + Each booming ship did go,— + A God was on the western wave,— + TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO! + 5. They knelt them on the desert sand, + By waters cold and rude, + Alone upon the dreary strand + Of oceaned solitude! + They looked upon the high, blue air, + And felt their spirits glow, + Resolved to live or perish there,— + TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO! + 6. The warrior's red right arm was bared, + His eyes flashed deep and wild: + Was there a foreign footstep dared + To seek his home and child'? + The dark chiefs yelled alarm, and swore + The white man's blood should flow, + And his hewn bones should bleach their shore, + TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO! + 7. But lo! the warrior's eye grew dim,— + His arm was left alone; + The still, black wilds which sheltered him, + No longer were his own! + Time fled,—and on the hallowed ground + His highest pine lies low,— + And cities swell where forests frowned, + TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO! + 8. Oh! stay not to recount the tale,— + 'Twas bloody, and 'tis past; + The firmest cheek might well grow pale, + To hear it to the last. + The God of Heaven who prospers us, + Could bid a nation grow, + And shield us from the red man's curse,— + TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO! + 9. Come, then,—great shades of glorious men, + From your still glorious grave! + Look on your own proud land again, + O bravest of the brave! + We call you from each mouldering tomb, + And each blue wave below, + To bless the world ye snatched from doom, + TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO! +10. Then to your harps!—yet louder,—higher + And pour your strains along; + And smite again each quivering wire, + In all the pride of song! +(<i>f</i>.)Shout for those godlike men of old, + Who, daring storm and foe, + On this blessed soil their anthem rolled, + TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO! +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. Who are meant by <i>godlike men of + old</i>? 2. Why did they flee to this country? 3. Who warred + against them? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson106"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CVI. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + SE RENE' LY, calmly; quietly.<br> + SUR MOUNT', rise above; overcome.<br> + TRAMP, tread, or travel.<br> + EB' ON, black, as ebony.<br> + GUARD' I AN, defender; protector.<br> + CHIV' AL RIC, brave; heroic.<br> + MAIL, defensive armor.<br> + EX ALT', lift up.<br> + FRAIL' TY, weakness.<br> + BLIGHT' ED, blasted.<br> + RE NOWN', fame; celebrity.<br> + STEAD' FAST, firm; resolute.<br> + <br> + IN TER VENE', (INTER, <i>between</i>; VENE, <i>to come</i>;) + come between; interpose.<br> + <br> + SUC CEED', (SUC, <i>after;</i> CEED, <i>to come;</i>) come + after; follow. + </div> + <h4> + PRESS ON. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + PARK BENJAMIN. + </p> + <pre> +1. <i>Press on!</i> there's no such word as fail! + Press nobly on! the goal is near,— + Ascend the mountain! breast the gale! + Look upward, onward,—never fear! + Why shouldst thou faint? Heaven smiles above, + Though storms and vapor intervene; + That Sun shines on, whose name is Love, + Serenely o'er Life's shadowed scene. +2. <i>Press on!</i> surmount the rocky steeps, + Climb boldly o'er the torrent's arch: + He fails alone who feebly creeps; + He wins, who dares the hero's march. + Be thou a hero! let thy might + Tramp on eternal snows its way, + And, through the ebon walls of night, + Hew down a passage unto day. +3. <i>Press on!</i> if once and twice thy feet + Slip back and stumble, harder try; + From him who never dreads to meet + Danger and death, they're sure to fly. + To coward ranks the bullet speeds; + While on their breasts who never quail, + Gleams, guardian of chivalric deeds, + Bright courage, like a coat of mail. +4. <i>Press on</i>! if Fortune play thee false + To-day, to-morrow she'll be true; + Whom now she sinks she now exalts, + Taking old gifts and granting new. + The wisdom of the present hour + Makes up her follies past and gone: + To weakness strength succeeds, and power + From frailty springs;—<i>press on</i>! PRESS ON! +5. <i>Press on</i>! what though upon the ground + Thy love has been poured out like rain? + That happiness is always found + The sweetest, which is born of pain. + Oft 'mid the forest's deepest glooms, + A bird sings from some blighted tree, + And, in the dreariest desert, blooms + A never-dying rose for thee. +6. Therefore, <i>press on</i>! and reach the goal, + And gain the prize, and wear the crown: + Faint not! for, to the steadfast soul, + Come wealth, and honor, and renown. + To thine own self be true, and keep + Thy mind from sloth, thy heart from soil; +<i>Press on</i>! and thou shalt surely reap + A heavenly harvest for thy toil! +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What encouragement is given to those who + press on? 2. Who fails, and who wins? 3. What is said of + those who never dread to meet danger and death? 4. How are + they rewarded, who press on? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson107"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CVII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + EX PAND, develop; enlarge.<br> + EL E VATE, raise; dignify.<br> + VAR RI A BLE, changeable.<br> + PHAN TAS MA GO' RIA, magic lantern; illusive + representations.<br> + UN' DU LA TING, waving; irregular.<br> + MO BIL'I TY, movableness; readiness to move.<br> + DO' CILE, teachable; obedient.<br> + CE LES' TIAL, heavenly.<br> + DIS' SI PATES, scatters, or confuses.<br> + IN FIN' I TY, boundlessness.<br> + GYM NAS' TIC, athletic exercise.<br> + O PAC' I TY, state of being opaque or dark.<br> + PA THET' IC, feeling; tender.<br> + IN DOM' I TA BLE, unconquerable.<br> + CO-OP' ER ATE, work with; join with.<br> + <br> + MOUNT PER' DU, one of the high summits of the Pyrenees + mountains, in Spain. The name signifies "Lost Mountain;" in + allusion, probably, to its peak being lost in the clouds. + </div> + <h4> + THE THREE FORMS OF NATURE. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + FROM THE FRENCH OF MICHELET. + </p> + <p> + 1. There are three forms of Nature, which especially command + and elevate our souls, release her from her heavy clay and + earthly limits, and send her, exulting, to sail amidst the + wonders and mysteries of the Infinite. <i>First</i>, there is + the unstable <i>Ocean of Air</i> with its glorious banquet of + light, its vapors, its twilight, and its shifting + phantasmagoria of capricious creatures, coming into existence + only to depart the next instant. + </p> + <p> + 2. <i>Second</i>, there is the fixed <i>Ocean of the + Earth</i>, its undulating and vast waves, as we see them from + the tops of "the earth o'er gazing mountains," the elevations + which testify to antique mobility, and the sublimity of its + mightier mountain-tops, clad in eternal snows. <i>Third</i>, + there is the <i>Ocean of Waters</i>, less mobile than air, + less fixed than earth, but liable, in its movements, to the + celestial bodies. + </p> + <p> + 3. <i>These three things</i> form the gamut by which the + Infinite speaks to our souls. Nevertheless, let us point out + some very notable differences. The <i>Air-ocean</i> is so + mobile that we can scarcely examine it. It deceives; it + decoys; it diverts; it dissipates, and breaks up our chain of + thought. + </p> + <p> + 4. For an instant, it is an immense hope, the day of all + infinity; anon, it is not so; all flies from before us, and + our hearts are grieved, agitated, and filled with doubt. Why + have I been permitted to see for a moment that immense flood + of light? The memory of that brief gleaming must ever abide + with me, and that memory makes all things here on earth look + dark. + </p> + <p> + 5. The <i>fixed Ocean of the mountains</i> is not thus + transient or fugitive; on the contrary, it stops us at every + step, and imposes upon us the necessity of a very hard, + though wholesome gymnastic. Contemplation here has to be + bought at the price of the most violent action. Nevertheless, + the opacity of the earth, like the transparency of the air, + frequently deceives and bewilders us. Who can forget that for + ten years, Ramon, in vain, sought to reach Mount Perdu though + often within sight of it? + </p> + <p> + 6. Great, <i>very great</i>, is the difference between the + elements; the earth is mute and the ocean speaks. The ocean + is a voice. It speaks to the distant stars; it answers to + their movements in its deep and solemn language. It speaks to + the earth on the shores, replying to the echoes that reply + again; by turns wailing, soothing, threatening—its + deepest roar is presently succeeded by a sad, pathetic + silence. + </p> + <p> + 7. And it especially addresses itself to man. It is + creation's living eloquence. It is Life speaking to Life. The + millions, the countless myriads of beings to which it gives + birth, are its words. All these, mingled together make the + unity, the great and solemn voice of the ocean. And "what are + those wild waves saying?" They are talking of + <i>Life,—of Immortality.</i> + </p> + <p> + 8. An indomitable strength is at the bottom of + Nature—how much more so at Nature's summit, the Soul! + And it speaks of partnership, of union. Let us accept the + swift exchange which, in the individual, exists between the + diverse elements; let us accept the superior Law which unites + the living members of the same body—Humanity; and, + still more, let us accept and respect the supreme Law which + makes us co-operate with the great Soul, associated as we + are—in proportion with our powers—with the loving + harmony of the world—copartners in the life of God. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What are three great forms of Nature? 2. + What is said of the Air-ocean? 3. How does the Ocean address + itself to man? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson108"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CVIII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + MO NOP' O LIZED, engrossed.<br> + CEL' E BRA TED, praised; talked of.<br> + PO' TENT LY, powerfully.<br> + MAR' I TIME, pertaining to sea.<br> + SA GAC' I TY, acuteness.<br> + IN TRE PID' I TY, daring valor.<br> + SAN' GUINE, bloody; cruel.<br> + EC CEN TRIC' I TY, peculiarity, oddity.<br> + WA' RI NESS, cautiousness.<br> + ED' I BLE, eatable.<br> + E MAN' CI PA TED, freed; liberated.<br> + IN TER ME' DI ATE, lying between.<br> + DEV AS TA TING, laying waste.<br> + DOUB' LE, sail around. + </div> + <p> + [Headnote 1: BASQUES, (<i>basks</i>), an ancient and peculiar + people, living on the slopes of the Pyrenees Mountains.] + </p> + <p> + [Headnote 2: BRE' TON, a native of Brittany, an ancient + province in France.] + </p> + <p> + [Headnote 3: NOR' MAN, that is, Northman, a name given to the + ancient inhabitants of Norway, Denmark, and Sweden, and + afterward to their descendants who settled in the north of + France.] + </p> + <h4> + THE WHALE AND THE WHALER. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + FROM THE FRENCH OF MICHELET. + </p> + <p> + 1. Who opened up to men the great distant navigation? Who + revealed the ocean, and marked out its zones and its liquid + highways? Who discovered the secrets of the globe? <i>The + Whale and the Whaler!</i> And all this before Columbus and + the famous gold-seekers, who have monopolized all the glory, + found again, with much outcry about their discovery, what had + so long before been discovered by the whalers. + </p> + <p> + 2. That crossing of the ocean, which was so boastfully + celebrated in the fifteenth century, had often been made, not + only by the narrow passage between Iceland and Greenland, + but, also, by the open sea; for the Basques[Headnote 1] went + to Newfoundland. The smallest danger was the mere voyage; for + these men, who went to the very end of the <i>then</i> known + world, to challenge the whale to single combat, to steer + right away into the Northern sea, to attack the mighty + monster, amid darkness and storms, with the dense fog all + around, and the foaming waves below,—those who could do + this, were not the men to shrink from the ordinary dangers of + the voyage. + </p> + <p> + 3. Noble warfare! Great school of courage! That fishery was + not <i>then</i>, as it is <i>now</i>, an easy war to wage, + made from a distance, and with a potently murderous machine. + No; the fisher then struck with his own strong hand, impelled + and guided by his own fearless heart, and he risked life to + take life. The men of that day killed but few whales; but + they gained infinitely in maritime ability, in patience, in + sagacity, and in intrepidity. They brought back <i>less</i> + of oil; but <i>more, far more</i> of glory. + </p> + <p> + 4. Every nation has its own peculiar genius. We recognize + each by its own style of procedure. There are a hundred forms + of courage, and these graduated varieties formed, as it were, + another heroic game. At the North, the Scandinavian, the rude + race from Norway to Flanders, had their sanguine fury. At the + South, the wild burst, the gay daring, the clear-headed + excitement, that impelled, at once, and guided them over the + world. In the center, the silent and patient firmness of the + Breton[Headnote 2], who yet, in the hour of danger, could + display a quite sublime eccentricity. And, lastly, the + Norman[Headnote 3] wariness, considerately courageous; daring + all, but daring all for success. Such was the beauty of man, + in that sovereign manifestation of human courage. + </p> + <p> + 5. We owe a vast deal to the whale. But for it, the fishers + would still have hugged the shore; for, almost every edible + fish seeks the shore and the river. It was the whale that + emancipated them, and led them afar. It led them onward, and + onward still, until they found it, after having almost + unconsciously passed from one world to the other. Greenland + did not seduce them; it was not <i>the land</i> that they + sought; but <i>the sea, and the tracks of the whale</i>. + </p> + <p> + 6. The ocean at large is its home, and <i>especially</i> the + broad and open sea. Each species has its especial preference + for this or that latitude,—for a certain zone of water, + more or less cold. And it was <i>that</i> preference which + traced out the great divisions of the Atlantic. The tribe of + inferior whales, that have a dorsal fin, are to be found in + the warmest and in the coldest seas,—under the line and + in the polar seas. + </p> + <p> + 7. In the great intermediate region, the fierce Cachalot + inclines toward the south, devastating the warm waters. On + the contrary, the Free Whale fears the warm waters,—we + should rather say, that they did, formerly, fear + them,—they have become so scarce. They are never found + in the warm southern current; it is <i>that</i> fact that led + to the current being noticed, and thence to the discovery of + the <i>true course from America to Europe</i>. From Europe to + America, the trade winds will serve us. + </p> + <p> + 8. If the Free Whale has a perfect horror of the warm waters, + and can not pass the equator, it is clear that he can not + double the southern end of America. How happens it, then, + that when he is wounded on one side of America, in the + Atlantic, he is sometimes found on the other side of America, + and in the Pacific? <i>It proves that there is a + north-western passage</i>. Another discovery which we owe to + the whale, and one which throws a broad light alike on the + form of the globe, and the geography of the seas! + </p> + <p> + 9. By degrees, the whale has led us everywhere. Rare as he is + at present, he has led us to both poles, from the uttermost + recesses of the Pacific to Behring's Strait, and the infinite + wastes of the Antarctic waters. There is even an enormous + region that no vessel, whether war-ship or merchantman, ever + traverses, at a few degrees beyond the southern points of + America and Africa. No one visits that region but the whaler. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What has been done by the whaler? 2. By + whom had Newfoundland been discovered? 3. What is said of the + courage of the whaler? 4. What proof is given that there is a + north-western passage, by water, from the Atlantic to the + Pacific? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson109"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CIX. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + THRALL' DOM, bondage; slavery.<br> + IG NO' BLE, mean; degraded.<br> + HORDE, clan; tribe.<br> + FEUD' AL, pertaining to military tenure.<br> + DES' POTS, tyrants.<br> + PAL' TRY, mean; contemptible.<br> + RAP' INE,(<i>rapin;</i>) plunder; violence.<br> + FOR SOOTH', in truth; in fact.<br> + RUF' FIAN, robber; cut-throat.<br> + SERV' ILE, slavish; cringing.<br> + LIM' NERS, painters.<br> + DIS CI' PLE, learner; follower.<br> + CORSE, corpse; dead body.<br> + BRAWL, wrangle; contention.<br> + DIS TAIN' ED, sullied; stained.<br> + ECH' O ED, resounded. + </div> + <h4> + RIENZI'S ADDRESS TO THE ROMANS. + </h4> + <p> + [Footnote: RI EN' ZI, the last of the Roman Tribunes, was + born in Rome about the year 1310. He was assassinated Oct. + 8th, 1354 He was a person of extraordinary eloquence. In his + day, Rome was a prey to contending factions of nobles. This + kept the city in constant turmoil, and subjected the people + to continual abuse and tyranny. It was the endeavor of Rienzi + to arouse them to a resolution to be free.] + </p> + <p class="rauth"> + MISS MITFORD. + </p> + <pre> +1. Friends! + I come not here to <i>talk</i>. You know too well + The story of our thralldom. We are <i>slaves!</i> + The bright sun rises to his course, and lights + A race of <i>slaves!</i> He sets, and his last beam + Falls on a <i>slave</i>: not such as, swept along + By the full tide of power, the conqueror leads + To crimson glory and undying fame; +<i>But base, ignoble slaves!</i> slaves to a horde + Of petty tyrants, feudal despots, lords, + Rich in some dozen paltry villages; + Strong in some hundred spearmen; only great + In that strange spell,—<i>a name</i>. +2. Each hour, dark fraud, + Or open rapine, or protected murder, + Cries out against them. But this very day, + An honest man, my neighbor,—there he stands, + Was struck, <i>struck</i> like a dog, by one who wore + The badge of Ursini; because, forsooth, + He tossed not high his ready cap in air, + Nor lifted up his voice in servile shouts, + At sight of that great ruffian! +3. (<i>f</i>.) Be we <i>men</i>, + And suffer such dishonor'? MEN, and wash not + The stain away in blood'? Such shames are common! + I have known deeper wrongs. I, that speak to ye, + I had a brother once, a gracious boy, + Full of gentleness, of calmest hope, + Of sweet and quiet joy; there was the look + Of heaven upon his face, which limners give + To the beloved disciple! +4. How I loved + That gracious boy! Younger by fifteen years, + Brother at once, and son! He left my side, + A summer bloom on his fair cheek,—a smile + Parting his innocent lips. In one short hour, + That pretty, harmless boy was slain! (<i>p</i>.) I saw + The corse, the mangled corse, and then I cried + For vengeance! (<i>ff</i>.) <i>Rouse ye, Romans!</i>—ROUSE YE, SLAVES! + Have ye brave sons? Look in the next fierce brawl + To see them die! Have ye fair daughters? Look + To see them live, torn from your arms, distained, + Dishonored; and if ye dare call for justice, + Be answered by the lash! +5. Yet this is Rome, + That sat on her seven hills, and, from her throne + Of beauty, ruled the world! Yet we are Romans! + Why, in that elder day, to be a Roman, + Was greater than a king! And once again,— + Hear me, ye walls, that echoed to the tread + Of either Brutus! Once again I swear, + The eternal city shall be free! +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. In what condition did the writer say the + Roman people were? 2. What wrongs are complained of? 3. What + special cases are mentioned? 4. What are the people exhorted + to do? 5. What is the meaning of the suffix <i>dom</i>, in + the word <i>thralldom?</i> See ANALYSIS, page 142, Ex. 189. + 6. What is the meaning of the suffix <i>less</i>, in the word + <i>harmless?</i> See page 140, Ex. 187. 7. How, according to + the notation mark, should the first part of the third verse + be read? 8. What rule for the rising inflections, third + verse? See page 28, Rule I. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson110"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CX. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + MUL' TI PLY, increase; continue.<br> + COL'TER, part of the plow that cuts the sod.<br> + GE' NI AL, productive.<br> + BE NIG' NANT, kind; bounteous.<br> + SAUN' TER ING, loitering.<br> + WOOD' BINE, honeysuckle.<br> + RE SPLEN DENT, splendid, beautiful.<br> + PO' TENT, powerful.<br> + ROAD' STEAD, place where ships may anchor.<br> + RE LI' ANT, trusting; depending.<br> + PES TI LEN' TIAL, infectious; noxious.<br> + PER PET' U AL, continual.<br> + STER' ILE, barren. + </div> + <p> + [Headnote 1: LE ON' I DAS, the celebrated Spartan leader who, + with three hundred men, perished in the effort to resist the + Persian hosts, at the mountain pass of Thermopylae, (B.C., + 480.)] + </p> + <p> + [Headnote 2: MARS' TON, that is, Marston Moor, a place in + Yorkshire, England, memorable for the defeat of Charles I., + (in 1644,) by the forces of Cromwell and others.] + </p> + <p> + [Headnote 3: BAN' NOCK BURN, a village in Stirlingshire, + Scotland, famous for the battle between the patriots, under + Robert Bruce, and the English invading army, under Edward + II., fought, June 25, 1314.] + </p> + <p> + [Headnote 4: AR MA' DA, a great naval armament sent by Philip + II. of Spain, in 1588, for the conquest of England. It failed + utterly, however, of its object, having been scattered and + disabled by violent storms.] + </p> + <h4> + SONG OF THE FORGE. + </h4> + <pre> +1. Clang! clang! the massive anvils ring,— + Clang! clang! a hundred hammers swing, + Like the thunder-rattle of a tropic sky, + The mighty blows still multiply: + Clang! clang! + Say, brothers of the dusky brow, + What are your strong arms forging now? +2. Clang! clang!—we forge the <i>colter</i> now— + The colter of the kindly plow; + Benignant Father, bless our toil; + May its broad furrow still unbind + To genial rains, to sun and wind, + The most productive soil! +3. Clang! clang!—our colter's course shall be + On many a sweet and sunny lea, + By many a streamlet's silver tide, + Amidst the song of morning birds, + Amidst the low of sauntering herds, + Amidst soft breezes which do stray + Through woodbine-hedges and sweet May, + Along the green hill's side. +4. When regal Autumn's bounteous hand, + With wide-spread glory clothes the land,— + When, to the valleys, from the brow + Of each resplendent slope, is rolled + A ruddy sea of living gold, + We bless,—we bless the PLOW. +5. Clang! clang!—again, my mates, what glows + Beneath the hammer's potent blows? + Clink! clank!—we forge the <i>giant chain</i>, + Which bears the gallant vessel's strain, + 'Midst stormy winds and adverse tides; + Secured by this, the good ship braves + The rocky roadstead and the waves + Which thunder on her sides. +6. Anxious no more, the merchant sees + The mist drive dark before the breeze. + The storm-cloud on the hill; + Calmly he rests, though, far away + In boisterous climes, his vessel lay + Reliant on our skill. +7. Say, on what sands these links shall sleep, + Fathoms beneath the solemn deep`? + By Afric's pestilential shore',— + By many an iceberg, lone and hoar',— + By many a palmy western isle, + Basking in spring's perpetual smile',— + By stormy Labrador'? +8. Say, shall they feel the vessel reel, + When, to the battery's deadly peal, + The crashing broadside makes reply'? + Or else, as at the glorious Nile, + Hold grappling ships, that strive the while, + For death or victory'? +9. <i>Hurrah!</i>—cling! clang!—once more, what glows, + Dark brothers of the forge, beneath + The iron tempest of your blows + The furnace's fiery breath? +10. Clang! clang!—a burning torrent, clear + And brilliant, of bright sparks is poured + Around and up in the dusky air, + As our hammers forge the SWORD. +11. The <i>sword!</i> a name of dread; yet when + Upon the freeman's thigh 'tis bound, + While for his altar and his hearth,— + While for the land that gave him birth, + The war-drums roll, the trumpets sound, + How <i>sacred</i> is it then! +12. Whenever for the truth and right + It flashes in the van of fight, + Whether in some wild mountain pass + As that where fell Leonidas[Headnote 1]; + Or on some sterile plain and stern, + A Marston[Headnote 2] or a Bannockburn[Headnote 3]; + Or, mid fierce crags and bursting rills, + The Switzer's Alps, gray Tyrol's hills,— + Or, as when sunk the Armada's[Headnote 4] pride, + It gleams above the stormy tide,— + Still, still, whene'er the battle word + Is LIBERTY, when men do stand + For <i>justice</i> and their <i>native land</i>, + Then Heaven bless THE SWORD! +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What things are mentioned as being + forged? 2. What is said of the colter? 3. What, of the iron + cable? 4. What, of the sword? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson111"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CXI. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + BEN E FAC' TION, gift; favor.<br> + E LATE', flushed with success.<br> + IN HER' ENT, natural.<br> + PER FEC' TION, excellence.<br> + VIG' ILS, watchfulness.<br> + UN BRIB' ED, not influenced by gifts.<br> + CON SO LA' TION, comfort.<br> + AV' E NUE, way; entrance.<br> + A TROC' I TIES, enormities.<br> + MOCK' ER Y, derision; ridicule.<br> + FAC' UL TIES, powers of the mind.<br> + CA PAC' I TIES, abilities. + </div> + <h4> + CHOICE EXTRACTS. + </h4> + <h5> + I. + </h5> + <h6> + SWIFTNESS OF TIME. + </h6> + <p class="rauth"> + IDLER. + </p> + <p> + Let him that desires to see others happy, make haste to give + while his gift can be enjoyed, and remember that every moment + of delay takes away something from the value of his + benefaction. And let him who proposes his own happiness, + reflect, that while he forms his purpose, the days roll on, + and "the night cometh when no man can work." + </p> + <h5> + II. + </h5> + <h6> + THE SHIP OF STATE. + </h6> + <p class="rauth"> + LONGFELLOW. + </p> + <pre> +Thou, too, sail on, O Ship of State! +Sail on, O Union, strong and great! +Humanity, with all its fears, +With all the hopes of future years, +Is hanging breathless on thy fate! +We know what Master laid thy keel, +What workmen wrought thy ribs of steel, +Who made each mast, and sail, and rope, +What anvils rang, what hammers beat, +In what a forge, and what a heat, +Were shaped the anchors of thy hope. +</pre> + <h5> + III. + </h5> + <h6> + THE TRUE HERO. + </h6> + <p class="rauth"> + HORACE BUSHNELL. + </p> + <p> + The true hero is the great, wise man of duty,—he whose + soul is armed by truth and supported by the smile of + God,—he who meets life's perils with a cautious but + tranquil spirit, gathers strength by facing its storms, and + dies, if he is called to die, as a Christian victor at the + post of duty. And, if we must have heroes, and wars wherein + to make them, there is none so brilliant as a war with + wrong,—no hero so fit to be sung as he who hath gained + the bloodless victory of truth and mercy. + </p> + <h5> + IV. + </h5> + <h6> + HEART ESSENTIAL TO GENIUS. + </h6> + <p class="rauth"> + W.G. SIMMS. + </p> + <pre> +We are not always equal to our fate, + Nor true to our conditions. Doubt and fear + Beset the bravest, in their high career, +At moments when the soul, no more elate +With expectation, sinks beneath the time. +The masters have their weakness. "I would climb," + Said Raleigh, gazing on the highest hill,— +"But that I tremble with the fear to fall." + Apt was the answer of the high-souled queen: +"If thy heart fail thee, never climb at all!" +The heart! if that be sound, confirms the rest, + Crowns genius with his lion will and mien, +And, from the conscious virtue in the breast, +To trembling nature gives both strength and will. +</pre> + <h5> + V. + </h5> + <h6> + EDUCATION. + </h6> + <p class="rauth"> + ADDISON. + </p> + <p> + I consider a human soul without education, like marble in the + quarry, which shows none of its inherent beauties until the + skill of the polisher fetches out the colors, makes the + surface shine, and discovers every ornamental cloud, spot, + and vein that runs through the body of it. Education, after + the same manner, when it works upon a noble mind, draws out + every latent virtue and perfection, which, without such + helps, are never able to make their appearance. + </p> + <h5> + VI. + </h5> + <h6> + THE VANITY OF WEALTH. + </h6> + <p class="rauth"> + DR. JOHNSON. + </p> + <pre> +No more thus brooding o'er yon heap, +With av'rice painful vigils keep; +Still unenjoyed the present store, +Still endless sighs are breathed for more. +Oh! quit the shadow, catch the prize, +Which not all India's treasure buys! +To purchase Heaven has gold the power'? +Can gold remove the mortal hour? +In life, can love be bought with gold? +Are friendship's pleasures to be sold? +No; all that's worth a wish—a thought, +Fair Virtue gives unbribed, unbought. +Cease then on trash thy hopes to bind; +Let <i>nobler views</i> engage thy mind. +</pre> + <h5> + VII. + </h5> + <h6> + CONSOLATION OF THE GOSPEL. + </h6> + <p class="rauth"> + A. ALEXANDER. + </p> + <p> + Oh, precious gospel! Will any merciless hand endeavor to tear + away from our hearts, this last, this sweetest consolation? + Would you darken the only avenue through which one ray of + hope can enter? Would you tear from the aged and infirm poor + the only prop on which their souls can repose in peace? Would + you deprive the dying of their only source of consolation? + Would you rob the world of its richest treasure? Would you + let loose the flood-gates of every vice, and bring back upon + the earth the horrors of superstition, or the atrocities of + atheism? Then endeavor to subvert the gospel; throw around + you the firebrands of infidelity; laugh at religion, and make + a mockery of futurity; but be assured that for all these + things, God will bring you into judgment. + </p> + <h5> + VIII. + </h5> + <h6> + THE LIGHT OF HOPE. + </h6> + <p class="rauth"> + O.W.B. PEABODY. + </p> + <pre> +1. Oh, who that has gazed, in the stillness of even, + On the fast-fading hues of the west, + Has seen not afar, in the bosom of heaven, + Some bright little mansion of rest, + And mourned that the path to a region so fair + Should be shrouded with sadness and fears;— + That the night-winds of sorrow, misfortune, and care, + Should sweep from the deep-rolling waves of despair, + To darken this cold world of tears? +2. And who that has gazed, has not longed for an hour, + When misfortune forever shall cease; + And Hope, like the rainbow, unfold, through the shower, + Her bright-written promise of peace? + And, oh! if that rainbow of promise may shine + On the last scene of life's wint'ry gloom, + May its light in the moment of parting be mine; + I ask but one ray from a source so divine, + To brighten the vale of the tomb. +</pre> + <h5> + IX. + </h5> + <h6> + PAMPERING THE BODY AND STARVING THE SOUL. + </h6> + <p class="rauth"> + EDWARD EVERETT. + </p> + <p> + 1. What`! feed a child's body, and let his soul hunger'? + pamper his limbs, and starve his faculties'? Plant the earth, + cover a thousand hills with your droves of cattle, pursue the + fish to their hiding-places in the sea, and spread out your + wheat-fields across the plain, in order to supply the wants + of that body which will soon be as cold and as senseless as + the poorest clod, and let the pure spiritual essence within + you, with all its glorious capacities for improvement, + languish and pine'? + </p> + <p> + 2. What`! build factories, turn in rivers upon the + water-wheels, unchain the imprisoned spirits of steam, to + weave a garment for the body, and let the soul remain + unadorned and naked'? What`! send out your vessels to the + furthest ocean, and make battle with the monsters of the + deep, in order to obtain the means of lighting up your + dwellings and workshops, and prolonging the hours of labor + for the meat that perisheth, and permit that vital spark, + which God has kindled, which He has intrusted to our care, to + be fanned into a bright and heavenly flame,—permit it, + I say, to languish and go out'? + </p> + <p> + 3. What considerate man can enter a school, and not reflect, + with awe, that it is a seminary where immortal minds are + training for eternity'? What parent but is, at times, weighed + down with the thought, that <i>there</i> must be laid the + foundations of a building which will stand, when not merely + temple and palace, but the perpetual hills and adamantine + rocks on which they rest, have melted away`!—that a + light may <i>there</i> be kindled which will shine, not + merely when every artificial beam is extinguished, but when + the affrighted sun has fled away from the heavens`? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson112"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CXII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + FRUIT' AGE, collection of fruits.<br> + WAX' ES, grows; increases.<br> + JU' BI LANT, joyous.<br> + TINGE, imbue.<br> + GLO' RI FI ED, exalted to glory.<br> + UN WA' RY, incautious.<br> + FAM' ISH ED, afflicted with hunger.<br> + BAN' ISH ED, driven out; expelled.<br> + RE NEW' ED, made new again.<br> + MA TUR' ING, ripening.<br> + VINT' AGE, produce of the vine.<br> + DIS LOY' AL TY, unfaithfulness.<br> + BE QUEATH' ED, left by inheritance.<br> + CON SID' ER ATE, thoughtful.<br> + <br> + <br> + RE VIV' I FY, (RE, <i>again</i>; VIV, <i>live</i>; IFY, + <i>to make</i>;) to make alive again, to bring to life; + renew. + </div> + <h4> + WE ALL DO FADE AS A LEAF. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + GAIL HAMILTON. + </p> + <p> + 1. "<i>We all do fade as a leaf</i>." Change is the essence + of life. "Passing away," is written on all things; and + passing away is passing on from strength to strength, from + glory to glory. Spring has its growth, summer its fruitage, + and autumn its festive in-gathering. The spring of eager + preparation waxes into the summer of noble work; mellowing in + its turn into the serene autumn, the golden-brown haze of + October, when the soul may robe itself in jubilant drapery, + awaiting the welcome command, "Come up higher," where + mortality shall be swallowed up in life. + </p> + <p> + 2. Why, then, should autumn tinge our thoughts with sadness. + We fade as the leaf, and the leaf fades only to revivify. + Though it fall, it shall rise again. Does the bud fear to + become a blossom, or the blossom shudder as it swells into + fruit; and shall the redeemed weep that they must become + glorified'? Strange inconsistency`! We faint with the burden + and the heat of the day. We bow down under the crosses that + are laid upon our shoulders. We are bruised and torn by the + snares and pitfalls which beset our way, and into which our + unwary feet often fall. + </p> + <p> + 3. We are famished, and foot-sore, and travel-stained, from + our long journey, and yet we are saddened by tokens that we + shall pass away from all these,—away from sin and + sorrow, from temptation and fall, from disappointment, and + weary waiting, and a fearful looking-for of evil, to purity + and holiness, and the full fruition of every + hope,—bliss which eye hath not seen, nor ear heard, nor + heart conceived,—to a world whence all that made this + dreary is forever banished, and where all that made this + delightful is forever renewed and increased,—a world + where the activities and energies of the soul shall have full + scope, and love and recognition wait upon its steps forever. + </p> + <p> + 4. Let him alone fear, who does not fade as the + leaf,—him whose sources are not in God, and who does + not draw his life thence,—him whose spring is gathering + no strength, whose summer is maturing no fruit, and whose + autumn shall have no vintage. Is not this the real sorrow of + us all? not a dread of change, but a secret consciousness of + wasted power,—of disloyalty to God, as the supreme + object of our love and service. + </p> + <p> + 5. Yet even here the fading leaf brings hope. Our future is + always before us. The past is fixed. No tears can wash away + its facts. Let us waste no vain regrets upon it; but, from + the wisdom which its very mistakes and sins have bequeathed + us, start afresh on the race. Though yesterday we were weak, + and selfish, and indolent, let us to-day—at this + moment—begin to be strong, and brave, and helpful, and + just, and generous, and considerate, and tender, and + truthful, and pure, and patient, and forgiving. "Now" is a + glorious word. "HENCEFORTH" is always within our grasp. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. To what are we compared? 2. What is said + of change? 3. What change takes place in the leaf? 4. What, + in man? 5. Who have reason to fear? 6. What is said of the + past and the future? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson113"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CXIII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + UN HEED' ED, not regarded.<br> + EX POS' ED, unprotected.<br> + EX HORT' ED, urged; persuaded.<br> + AT TUN' ED, put in tune.<br> + ES SEN' TIAL, real; true.<br> + AN NOUNC' ED, proclaimed. + </div> + <h4> + TEACHINGS OF NATURE. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + POLLOCK. + </p> + <pre> +1. The seasons came and went, and went and came, + To teach men gratitude; and, as they passed, + Gave warning of the lapse of time, that else + Had stolen unheeded by: the gentle flowers + Retired, and, stooping o'er the wilderness, + Talked of humility, and peace, and love. + The dews came down unseen at evening tide. + And silently their bounties shed, to teach + Mankind unostentatious charity. +2. With arm in arm the forest rose on high, + And lesson gave of brotherly regard; + And, on the rugged mountain brow exposed, + Bearing the blast alone, the ancient oak + Stood, lifting high his mighty arm, and still + To courage in distress exhorted loud. + The flocks, the herds, the birds, the streams, the breeze, + Attuned the heart to melody and love. +3. Mercy stood in the cloud, with eye that wept + Essential love; and, from her glorious brow, + Bending to kiss the earth in token of peace, + With her own lips, her gracious lips, which God + Of sweetest accent made, she whispered still, + She whispered to Revenge, Forgive! forgive! +4. The Sun, rejoicing round the earth, announced + Daily the wisdom, power, and love of God. + The Moon awoke, and, from her maiden face + Shedding her cloudy locks, looked meekly forth, + And, with her virgin stars, walked in the heavens,— + Walked nightly there, conversing as she walked + Of purity, and holiness, and God. +5. In dreams and visions, sleep instructed much. + Day uttered speech to day, and night to night + Taught knowledge: silence had a tongue: the grave, + The darkness, and the lonely waste, had each + A tongue, that ever said, Man! think of God! + Think of thyself! think of eternity! +6. Fear God, the thunders said; Fear God, the waves; + Fear God, the lightning of the storm replied; + Fear God, deep loudly answered back to deep. + And, in the temples of the Holy One, + Messiah's messengers, the faithful few, + Faithful 'mong many false, the Bible opened, + And cried: Repent! repent, ye Sons of Men! + Believe, be saved. +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What do the seasons teach? 2. What, the + trees? 3. What, the sun and moon? 4. What, Messiah's + messengers? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson114"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CXIV. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + BE DECK' ED, adorned.<br> + AR RAY', dress; attire.<br> + MAN' TLED, spread; rushed.<br> + DE VO' TION, attachment.<br> + I DOL A TROUS, excessive.<br> + SEV' ER ED, rent; sundered.<br> + EN CIR' CLED, inclosed; surrounded.<br> + SA' BLES, mourning clothes.<br> + GIFT' ED, talented.<br> + FOUND ED, established.<br> + AL LURE', (AL, <i>to</i>; LURE, <i>draw</i>;) draw to; + entice. + </div> + <h4> + PASSING UNDER THE ROD. + </h4> + <p> + [Footnote: These lines are founded on the following passage + of Jewish history:—"It was the custom of the Jews to + select the tenth of their sheep after this manner: The lambs + were separated from their dams, and inclosed in a sheep-cot, + with only one narrow way out; the lambs hastened to join the + dams, and a man, placed at the entrance, with a rod dipped in + ocher, touched every tenth lamb, and so marked it with his + rod, saying, 'LET THIS BE HOLY.' Hence, God says by his + prophet, '<i>I will cause you to pass under the rod</i>.'"] + </p> + <p class="rauth"> + MARY S.B. DANA. + </p> + <pre> +1. I saw the young bride, in her beauty and pride, + Bedecked in her snowy array; + And the bright flush of joy mantled high on her cheek, + And the future looked blooming and gay: + And with a woman's devotion she laid her fond heart + At the shrine of idolatrous love; + And she anchored her hopes to this perishing earth, + By the chain which her tenderness wove. + But I saw, when those heartstrings were bleeding and torn, + And the chain had been severed in two, + She had changed her white robes for the sables of grief, + And her bloom for the paleness of woe! + But the Healer was there, pouring balm on her heart, + And wiping the tears from her eyes; + And He strengthened the chain He had broken in twain, + And fastened it firm to the skies! + There had whispered a voice,—'twas the voice of her God: + "I love thee—I love thee—<i>pass under the rod!</i>" +2. I saw the young mother in tenderness bend + O'er the couch of her slumbering boy; + And she kissed the soft lips as they murmured her name, + While the dreamer lay smiling in joy. + Oh, sweet as the rose-bud encircled with dew, + When its fragrance is flung on the air, + So fresh and so bright to that mother he seemed, + As he lay in his innocence there. + But I saw when she gazed on the same lovely form, + Pale as marble, and silent, and cold, + But paler and colder her beautiful boy, + And the tale of her sorrow was told! + But the Healer was there, who had stricken her heart, + And taken her treasure away; + To allure her to heaven, He has placed it on high, + And the mourner will sweetly obey. + There had whispered a voice,—'twas the voice of her God: + "I love thee—I love thee—<i>pass under the rod!</i>" +3. I saw, too, a father and mother who leaned + On the arms of a dear gifted son; + And the star in the future grew bright to their gaze, + As they saw the proud place he had won; + And the fast coming evening of life promised fair, + And its pathway grew smooth to their feet, + And the starlight of love glimmered bright at the end, + And the whispers of fancy were sweet. + And I saw them again, bending low o'er the grave, + Where their hearts' dearest hope had been laid; + And the star had gone down in the darkness of night, + And the joy from their bosoms had fled. + But the Healer was there, and His arms were around, + And He led them with tenderest care; + And He showed them a star in the bright upper world, + 'Twas their star shining brilliantly there! + They had each heard a voice,—'twas the voice of their God: + "I love thee—I love thee—<i>pass under the rod</i>!" +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What custom is alluded to, in the passage + "<i>I will cause you to pass under the rod?</i>" See note. 2. + Where is that passage found in the Scriptures? Ans. Ezekiel, + 20th chap., 37th verse. 3. What instances are mentioned of + individuals "<i>passing under the rod</i>?" + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson115"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CXV. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + PET' U LANT, cross; fretful.<br> + CA LAM' I TY, misfortune.<br> + SA TIR' IC AL, keenly severe; cutting.<br> + NUI' SANCE, annoyance.<br> + JUST' I FY, give a right to.<br> + STU PID' I TY, extreme dullness.<br> + CUL' PABLE, blamable; censurable.<br> + IR RI TA BIL' I TY, excitableness.<br> + AP PEL LA' TION, name; title.<br> + VE' HE MENT, violent; furious.<br> + VO CIF ER A' TIONS, loud outcries.<br> + MEN' A CES, threats.<br> + CEN' SUR ED, blamed.<br> + VIN DI CA' TION, justification.<br> + LON GEV' I TY, length of life.<br> + CON TEMPT' I BLE, despicable. + </div> + <h4> + THE PETULANT MAN. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + OSBORNE. + </p> + <span class="center"> + MR. GRIM—MICHAEL—COUSIN MARY. + </span> + <p> + <i>Cousin Mary</i>. More breezes? What terrible thing has + happened now, Cousin Grim? What's the matter? + </p> + <p> + <i>Grim</i>. Matter enough, I should think! I sent this + stupid fellow to bring me a pair of boots from the closet; + and he has brought me two rights, instead of a right and + left. + </p> + <p> + <i>Cousin</i>. What a serious calamity! But, perhaps, he + thought it was but <i>right</i> to leave the <i>left</i>. + </p> + <p> + <i>Grim</i>. None of your jokes, if you please. This is + nothing to laugh at. + </p> + <p> + <i>Cousin</i>. So it would seem, from the expression on your + face,—rather something to storm at, roar at, and fall + into a frenzy about. + </p> + <p> + <i>Michael</i>. That's right, Miss; give him a piece of your + mind! He's the crossest little man I have met with in the new + country. You might scrape old Ireland with a fine-tooth comb, + and not find such another. + </p> + <p> + <i>Grim</i>. How dare you talk to me in that style? I'll + discharge you this very day! + </p> + <p> + <i>Michael</i>. I'm thinking of discharging <i>you</i>, if + you don't take better care of that <i>sweet temper</i> of + yours. + </p> + <p> + <i>Grim</i>. Leave the room, sir! + </p> + <p> + <i>Michael</i>. That I will, in search of better company, + saving the lady's presence. + </p> + <p class="rauth"> + [<i>Exit.</i> + </p> + <p> + <i>Grim</i>. There, cousin! there is a specimen of my + provocations! Can you wonder at my losing my temper? + </p> + <p> + <i>Cousin</i>. Cousin Grim, that would be the most + <i>fortunate</i> thing that could befall you. + </p> + <p> + <i>Grim</i>. What do you mean? + </p> + <p> + <i>Cousin</i>. I mean, if you could only <i>lose that + temper</i> of yours, it would be a blessed thing for you; + though I should pity the poor fellow who <i>found it.</i> + <i>Grim</i>. You are growing satirical in your old age, + Cousin Mary. + </p> + <p> + <i>Cousin</i>. Cousin Grim, hear the plain truth; your ill + temper makes you a nuisance to yourself and every body about + you. + </p> + <p> + <i>Grim</i>. Really, Miss Mary Somerville, you are getting to + be complimentary! + </p> + <p> + <i>Cousin</i>. No; I am getting to be <i>candid</i>. I have + passed a week in your house, on your invitation. I leave you + this afternoon; but, before I go, I mean to speak my mind. + </p> + <p> + <i>Grim</i>. It seems to me that you have spoken it rather + freely already. + </p> + <p> + <i>Cousin</i>. What was there, in the circumstance of poor + Michael's bringing you the wrong boots, to justify your + flying into a rage, and bellowing as if your life had been + threatened? + </p> + <p> + <i>Grim</i>. That fellow is perpetually making just such + provoking blunders! + </p> + <p> + <i>Cousin</i>. And do you never make provoking blunders'? + Didn't you send me five pounds of Hyson tea, when I wrote for + Souchong'? Didn't you send a carriage for me to the cars, + half an hour too late, so that I had to hire one myself, + after great trouble'? And did I roar at you, when we met, + because you had done these things'? + </p> + <p> + <i>Grim</i>. On the contrary, this is the first time you have + alluded to them. I am sorry they should have happened. But + surely you should make a <i>distinction</i> between any such + little oversight of mine, and the stupidity of a servant, + hired to attend to your orders. + </p> + <p> + <i>Cousin</i>. I do not admit that there should be a + distinction. You are both human; only, as you have had the + better education, and the greater advantages, stupidity or + neglect on your part, is much the more culpable. + </p> + <p> + <i>Grim</i>. Thank you! Go on. + </p> + <p> + <i>Cousin</i>. I mean to; so don't be impatient. If an + uncooked potato, or a burnt mutton-chop, happens to fall to + your lot at the dinner-table, what a tempest follows! One + would think you had been wronged, insulted, trampled on, + driven to despair. Your face is like a thunder-cloud, all the + rest of the meal. Your poor wife endeavors to hide her tears. + Your children feel timid and miserable. Your guest feels as + if she would like to see you held under the nose of the pump, + and thoroughly ducked. + </p> + <p> + <i>Grim</i>. The carriage is waiting for you, Miss + Somerville, and the driver has put on your baggage. + </p> + <p> + <i>Cousin</i>. I have hired that carriage by the hour, and so + am in no hurry. Your excuse for your irritability will be, I + suppose, that it is <i>constitutional</i>, and not to be + controlled. A selfish, paltry, miserable excuse! I have + turned down a leaf in Dr. Johnson's works, and will read what + he says in regard to tempers like yours. + </p> + <p> + <i>Grim</i>. You are always quoting Dr. Johnson! Cousin, I + can not endure it! Dr. Johnson is a bore! + </p> + <p> + <i>Cousin</i>. Oh, yes! to <i>evil-doers</i>,—but to + none else. Hear him: "There is in the world a class of + mortals known, and contentedly known, by the appellation of + <i>passionate men</i>, who imagine themselves entitled, by + this distinction, to be provoked on every slight occasion, + and to vent their rage in vehement and fierce vociferations, + in furious menaces, and licentious reproaches." + </p> + <p> + <i>Grim</i>. That will do. + </p> + <p> + <i>Cousin</i>. "Men of this kind," he tells us, "are often + pitied rather than censured, and are not treated with the + severity which their neglect of the ease of all about them, + might justly provoke." But he adds: "It is surely not to be + observed without indignation, that men may be found of minds + mean enough to be satisfied with this treatment; wretches who + are proud to obtain the privilege of madmen, + and——" + </p> + <p> + <i>Grim</i>. I will hear no more! Have done! + </p> + <p> + <i>Cousin</i>. So the shaft went home! I am not sorry. + </p> + <p> + <i>Grim</i>. No one but a meddlesome old maid would think of + insulting a man in his own house. + </p> + <p> + <i>Cousin</i>. So, when, at a loss for a vindication, you + reproach me with being an old maid! Cousin, it does not + distress me, either to be an old maid, or to be called one. I + must, however, remark, that the manhood that can charge + against a woman her single state, either as a matter of + ridicule or reproach, is not quite up to my standard. + </p> + <p> + <i>Grim</i>. Cousin Mary, I ask your pardon! But am I, + indeed, the petulant, disagreeable fellow, you would make me + out? + </p> + <p> + <i>Cousin</i>. My dear Caspar, you are generous enough in + large things; but, oh! consider that <i>trifles make up a + good portion of the sum of life</i>; and so "<i>a small + unkindness is a great offense</i>." Why not be cheerful, + sunny, genial, in little things? Why not look on the bright + side? Why not present an unruffled front to petty annoyances? + Why not labor,—ay, labor,—to have those around + you happy and contented, by reflecting from yourself such a + frame of mind upon them? + </p> + <p> + Life is short, at the best; why not make it cheerful? Do you + know that longevity is promoted by a tranquil, happy habit of + thought and temper'? Do you know that cheerfulness, like + mercy, is twice blessed; blessing "him that gives, and him + that takes'?" Do you know that good manners, as well as good + sense, demand that we should look at objects on their bright + side'? Do you know that it is contemptible selfishness in you + to shed gloom and sorrow over a whole family by your + moroseness and ill-humor'? + </p> + <p> + <i>Grim</i>. Cousin Mary, the patience with which I have + listened to your cutting remarks, will prove to you, I hope, + that, notwithstanding my angry retorts, I am convinced there + is much truth in what you have said of me. I have a favor to + ask. Send away your carriage; stay a week longer,—a + month,—a year, if you will. Hold the lash over this + ugly temper of mine,—and I give you my word that I will + set about the cure of it in earnest. + </p> + <p> + <i>Cousin</i>. You should have begun earlier,—in youth, + when the temper is pliable, and strong impressions can work + great changes. But we will not despair. I will tarry with you + a while, just to see if you are serious in your wish for a + reformation, and to help you bring it about. + </p> + <p> + <i>Grim</i>. Thank you. We hear of reformed drunkards, and + reformed thieves; and <i>why may not a petulant temper be + reformed</i>, but a system of total abstinence from all + harsh, unkind moods and expressions? Come, we will try. + </p> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. At what was Mr. Grim offended? 2. What + did Cousin Mary say would be fortunate for him? 3. What + blunder had Mr. Grim made? 4. How did he often behave at the + table? 5. What does Dr. Johnson say of such men? 6. What did + Cousin Mary finally say to him? 7. Of what was he convinced? + 8. What did he resolve to do? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson116"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CXVI. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + SAC' RI FICE, religious offering.<br> + STRAIGHT, immediately.<br> + SCUR' VY, low; mean.<br> + SCRU' PLE, hesitate.<br> + EN DURE', suffer'; tolerate.<br> + IM PURE, filthy; unclean.<br> + UT TER LY, entirely; completely.<br> + BLEM' ISH, defect; deformity.<br> + WA' VER ED, hesitated.<br> + IM PAR' TIAL, just; free from bias.<br> + RE FER', leave to another.<br> + PAR' DON, forgive.<br> + GHEE, kind of butter used in India.<br> + DIS TRUST' ING, suspecting.<br> + PAL PA BLE, obvious; evident.<br> + LAUD' ING, praising. + </div> + <h4> + THE BRAHMIN AND THE ROGUES. + </h4> + <p> + [Footnote: The fable, here thrown into verse, is related in + English prose by Macaulay, who says:—"Thus, or nearly + thus, if we remember rightly, runs the story of the Sanscrit + Aesop."] + </p> + <h4> + AN EASTERN FABLE. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + VERSIFIED BY J.N. McELLIGOTT. + </p> + <pre> + 1. A Brahmin went out, the legends say, + To buy him a sheep a certain day; + For he had solemnly vowed to slay, + In sacrifice, a sheep that day, + And wanted a sheep his vow to pay. + Three neighboring rogues + (The cunning dogs!) + Finding this out, + Went straight about + (Moved, I ween, by the very Old Nick,) + To play the Brahmin a scurvy trick. + 2. So one of them met him with the cry:— + "O Brahmin! O Brahmin! won't you buy + A beautiful sheep? for here have I + A beautiful sheep for sacrifice, + As ever was seen by mortal eyes." + 3. "Where is your sheep?" replied the Brahmin; + "Bring him out here, and let me examine." + With that the wag + Opened a bag, + And out he drew + To public view + An ugly, dirty, horrible dog! + Blind as a bat, and lame as a frog; + With a broken leg, climbing a log. + Or limping slowly over a bog. + 4. "Wretch!" said the Brahmin indignant, "who + Shamelessly utterest things untrue, + And dost without a scruple endure + To handle creatures the most impure, + How darest thou call that cur a sheep? + Do you think, foul knave, that I'm asleep?" + 5. "<i>Cur'!</i>" said the fellow with steady tone; + "A <i>sheep</i> it is, and a sheep alone; + A sheep (see here, what a splendid fleece!) + With flesh the sweetest, and fat as grease; + And such a prize + For sacrifice, + As neither gods nor men can despise, + Unless they both have dust in their eyes!" + "Sir," said the Brahmin, surprised to find + A person so utterly out of his mind, + "'Tis certain that <i>you</i> or <i>I</i> am blind." + 6. Then stepping up, + Patting the pup, + Rogue the second, as if amazed, + While on the dog he steadily gazed, + Exclaims aloud:—"The gods be praised! + Since I've no need to market to go + To buy me a sheep; for here's one so + From spot and blemish perfectly free, + That better could not possibly be. + Isn't it nice? + What's your price?" + 7. The Brahmin, seeing this singular thing, + Wavered in mind, like one in a swing; + Yet answered the stranger, firmly,—"Sir, + This isn't a sheep, but only a cur." + "<i>Cur</i>?" with disdain, the new-comer said; + "Why, man, you're surely out of your head!" + 8. As this occurred, + Came rogue the third, + To whom, as being a witness new, + And likely to take impartial view, + Brahmin proposed at once to refer, + Whether the creature was <i>sheep</i> or <i>cur</i>. + All being agreed, the eager priest + Said:—"Stranger, what do you call this beast?" + "A <i>sheep</i>, to be sure!" the knave replied; + "As fine a sheep as ever you spied." + 9. "Well," said the Brahmin, "the gods this day + Have surely taken my senses away!" + Then begging the rogue + That carried the dog, + To pardon him for doubting his word, + He, with a readiness most absurd, + Purchased the creature with rice and ghee, + Which went, of course, to the worthless three, + And which they shared with wonderful glee. +10. Thus taken in, + The poor Brahmin + Offered it up, + The filthy pup, + Which so offended the gods, that they + Sent sore disease his folly to pay: + Thinking it right the man to chastise + For so distrusting his natural eyes, + And being led by palpable lies + To offer a dog as a sacrifice. +MORAL. + Look out for the arts of the puffing tribe,— + People that praise for the sake of a bribe; + Lavishly lauding a book or a pill, + Or any thing else the pocket to fill; + Singing Simplicity fast asleep, + And making her dream a dog's a sheep. +</pre> + <p class="question"> + QUESTIONS.—1. What trick did the three rogues play off + on the Brahmin? 2. In what way did they do this? 3. What + moral is taught in this fable? + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson117"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CXVII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + E LAS TIC' I TY, returning vigor.<br> + MIN' I FIES, lessens; makes small.<br> + DEG RA DA' TION, abasement.<br> + ES TRANGED, alienates.<br> + UN ALMS' ED, not having received alms.<br> + HA BIT' U AL, accustomed.<br> + EX TRAV' A GANCE, superfluous expense.<br> + IM PER' TI NENCE, that which is not pertinent.<br> + SUS PI' CIOUS, distrustful.<br> + E CON' O MY, frugality.<br> + TRAN' QUIL, calm; undisturbed.<br> + BE NUMB' ING, dull; stupefying.<br> + IM PROV' I DENCE, wastefulness. + </div> + <h4> + LIVING WITHIN OUR MEANS. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + S.W. PARTRIDGE. + </p> + <pre> +1. <i>Oh, beware of debt</i>! + It crushes out the manhood of a man, + Robs his bright eye of boldness, cheats his limbs + Of elasticity, unnerves his hand, + Beclouds his judgment, dulls his intellect, + Perils his uprightness, and stains his name, + And minifies him to his fellow-men; + Yea, far worse degradation, to himself. +2. Who hath the hurried step, the anxious eye, + Avoids the public haunt and open street, + And anxious waits for evening? Restlessly + Tosses upon his bed, and dreads the approach + Of the tell-tale morning sunlight? Who, unmanned, + Starts at the sudden knock, and shrinks with dread + E'en at his own shadow; shuns with care + The stranger's look, skulks from his fellow's glance, + And sees in every man a creditor? +3. The <i>debtor</i>;—he is only half a man; + He saddens and estranges his chief friends, + Burdens his dearest relatives; he hears + In vain the stranger's tale, the widow's prayer, + And sends away the orphan all unalmsed. + None dare to place him in a post of trust, + And business men regard him with a shrug. +4. "Owe no man aught." Stand in the world erect, + And lean alone upon thyself and God. + The habitual borrower will be ever found + Wicked, or weak, or both. Sweat, study, stint, + Yea, rather <i>any thing</i> than meanly owe. + Let thine own honest hands feed thee and thine, + And, if not thy friend's purse, at least, respect + Thine own sweet independence. +5. Have fewest wants: the book, however good, + Thou shouldst not purchase, let it go unbought; + And fashion's vests by thee be all unworn. + Soon luxuries become necessities, + But self-denying thrift more joy affords + Than all the pleasures of extravagance. + A cottage, free from clamorous creditors, + Is better than a mansion dunned; a coat, + However darned, if paid for, hath an ease, + And a respectability beside: + Gay, ill-afforded vests can never boast. +6. However cheap, + Whatever thou want'st not, buy not. That is dear, + A mere extravagant impertinence, + For which thou hast no need. Feel first the want + Ere it be satisfied; bargains full oft + Are money-wasting things, that prudent men + Will keep afar from with suspicious eye; + Perchance to any but of little use, + And to themselves, most likely, none at all. +7. The habit of economy once formed, + 'Tis easy to attain to prosperous things. + Thou then shalt lend, not borrow: shalt not want + A helping trifle when thy friend hath need, + Or means to seize an opportunity,— + Seed-coin, to ensure a harvest. Thou shalt then + Want not an alms for pinching poverty; + And, though a sudden sickness dam the stream, + And cut off thy supplies, thou shalt lie down + And view thy morrows with a tranquil eye; + Even benumbing age shall scare thee not, + But find thee unindebted, and secure + From all the penury and wretchedness + That dog the footsteps of improvidence. +</pre> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson118"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CXVIII. + </h3> + <div class="vocab"> + OM NIP' O TENT, all-powerful.<br> + IN TER' MI NA BLE, endless.<br> + MILK Y-WAY, galaxy; luminous circle in the heavens.<br> + AS' TRAL, starry.<br> + IN FIN' I TUDE, unlimited extent.<br> + IM PET' U OUS, rushing.<br> + AS TRON O MER, one skilled in the science of the stars.<br> + AP PROX' I MATE LY, nearly.<br> + OM NIS' CIENCE, knowledge of all things.<br> + PER TUR BA' TIONS, irregularities of motion.<br> + AB' SO LUTE, entire.<br> + PRE CIS' ION, exactness.<br> + AD JUST' MENTS, arrangements.<br> + RET' I NUE, company.<br> + SAT' EL LITES, small planets revolving round others. + </div> + <h4> + GRANDEUR OF THE UNIVERSE. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + O.M. MITCHEL. + </p> + <p> + 1. If you would know the <i>glory</i> of the Omnipotent Ruler + of the universe, examine the interminable range of suns and + systems which crowd the Milky-Way. Multiply the hundred + millions of stars which belong to our own "island universe" + by the thousands of these astral systems that exist in space, + within the range of human vision, and <i>then</i> you may + form some idea of the <i>infinitude</i> of His kingdom; for + lo! these are but a part of His ways. + </p> + <p> + 2. Examine the scale on which the universe is built. + Comprehend, if you can, the vast dimensions of our sun. + Stretch outward through his system, from planet to planet, + and circumscribe the whole within the immense circumference + of Neptune's orbit. This is but a single unit out of the + myriads of similar systems. + </p> + <p> + 3. Take the wings of light, and flash with impetuous speed, + day and night, and month, and year, till youth shall wear + away, and middle age is gone, and the extremest limit of + human life has been attained;—count every pulse, and, + at each, speed on your way a hundred thousand miles; and when + a hundred years have rolled by, look out, and behold! the + thronging millions of blazing suns are still around you, each + separated from the other by such a distance, that, in this + journey of a century, you have only left half a score behind + you. + </p> + <p> + 4. Would you gather some idea of the <i>eternity</i> past of + God's existence,—go to the astronomer, and bid him lead + you in one of his walks through space; and, as he sweeps + outward from object to object, from universe to universe, + remember that the light from those filmy stains on the deep + pure blue of heaven, now falling on your eye, has been + traversing space for a million of years. + </p> + <p> + 5. Would you gather some knowledge of the <i>omnipotence</i> + of God,—weigh the earth on which we dwell, then count + the millions of its inhabitants that have come and gone for + the last six thousand years. Unite their strength into one + arm, and test its power in an effort to move this earth. It + could not stir it a single foot in a thousand years; and yet + under the omnipotent hand of God, not a minute passes that it + does not fly more than a thousand miles. + </p> + <p> + 6. But this is a mere atom,—the most insignificant + point among his innumerable worlds. At his bidding, every + planet, and satellite, and comet, and the sun himself, fly + onward in their appointed courses. His single arm guides the + millions of sweeping suns, and around His throne circles the + great constellation of unnumbered universes. + </p> + <p> + 7. Would you comprehend the idea of the <i>omniscience</i> of + God,—remember that the highest pinnacle of knowledge + reached by the whole human race, by the combined efforts of + its brightest intellects, has enabled the astronomer to + compute approximately the perturbations of the planetary + worlds. He has predicted roughly the return of half a score + of comets. But God has computed the mutual perturbations of + millions of suns, and planets, and comets, and worlds, + without number, through the ages that are passed, and + throughout the ages which are yet to come, not approximately, + but with perfect and absolute precision. + </p> + <p> + 8. The universe is in motion,—system rising above + system, cluster above cluster, nebula above nebula,—all + majestically sweeping around under the providence of God, who + alone knows the end from the beginning, and before whose + glory and power all intelligent beings, whether in heaven or + on earth, should bow with humility and awe. + </p> + <p> + 9. Would you gain some idea of the <i>wisdom</i> of + God,—look to the admirable adjustments of the + magnificent retinue of planets and satellites which sweep + around the sun. Every globe has been weighed and poised, + every orbit has been measured and bent to its beautiful form. + </p> + <p> + 10. All is changing; but the laws fixed by the wisdom of God, + though they permit the rocking to and fro of the system, + never introduce disorder, or lead to destruction. All is + perfect and harmonious, and the music of the spheres that + burn and roll around our sun, is echoed by that of ten + millions of moving worlds, that sing and shine around the + bright suns that reign above. + </p> + <p> + 11. If, overwhelmed with the grandeur and majesty of the + universe of God, we are led to exclaim with the Hebrew + poet-king,—"When I consider Thy heavens, the work of + Thy fingers, the moon and the stars, which Thou hast + ordained, what is man, that Thou art mindful of him? and the + son of man, that Thou visitest him?"—If fearful that + the eye of God may overlook us in the immensity of His + kingdom, we have only to call to mind that other passage, + "Yet Thou hast made him but a little lower than the angels, + and hast crowned him with glory and honor. Thou madest him to + have dominion over all the works of Thy hand; Thou hast put + all things under his feet." Such are the teachings of the + word, and such are the lessons of the works of God. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson119"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CXIX. + </h3> + <h4> + "WHOM HAVE I IN HEAVEN BUT THEE?" + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + MISS PAMELIA S. VINING. + </p> + <pre> +1. 'Twere naught to me, yon glorious arch of night, + Decked with the gorgeous blazonry of heaven, + If, to my faith, amid its splendors bright, + No vision of the Eternal One were given; + I could but view a dreary, soulless waste,— + A vast expanse of solitude unknown, + More cheerless for the splendors o'er it cast,— + For all its grandeur more intensely lone. +2. 'Twere naught to me, this ever-changeful scene + Of earthly beauty, sunshine, and delight,— + The wood's deep shadows and the valley's green,— + Morn's tender glow, and sunset's splendors bright; + Naught, if my Father spoke not from the sky, + The cloud, the flower, the landscape, and the leaf; + My soul would pine 'mid earth's vain pageantry, + And droop in hopeless orphanage and grief. +3. 'Twere naught to me, the ocean's vast expanse, + If His perfections were not mirrored there; + Hopeless across the unmeasured waste I'd glance, + And clasp my hands in anguish, not in prayer. + Naught Nature's anthem, ever swelling up + From Nature's myriad voices; for the hymn + Breathes not of love, or gratitude, or hope, + Robbed of the tones that tell my soul of Him. +4. This wondrous universe how less than naught + Without my God! how desolate and drear! + A mock'ry, earth with her vain splendors fraught! + A gilded pageant, every rolling sphere! + The noonday sun with all his glories crowned, + A sickly meteor glimmers faint and pale! + And all earth's melodies, their sweetness drowned, + Are but the utterance of a funeral wail. +</pre> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson120"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CXX. + </h3> + <h4> + THE MEMORY OF WASHINGTON. + </h4> + <p class="rauth"> + KOSSUTH. + </p> + <p> + 1. Mr. President: I consider it a particular favor of + Providence that I am permitted to partake, on the present + solemn occasion, in paying the tribute of honor and gratitude + to the memory of your immortal Washington. + </p> + <p> + 2. An architect having raised a proud and noble building to + the service of the Almighty, his admirers desired to erect a + monument to his memory. How was it done? His name was + inscribed upon the wall, with these additional words: "You + seek his monument—look around." + </p> + <p> + 3. Let him who looks for a monument of Washington look around + the United States. The whole country is a monument to him. + Your freedom, your independence, your national power, your + prosperity, and your prodigious growth, is a monument to + Washington. + </p> + <p> + 4. There is no room left for panegyric, none especially to a + stranger whom you had full reason to charge with arrogance, + were he able to believe that his feeble voice could claim to + be noticed in the mighty harmony of a nation's praise. Let + me, therefore, instead of such an arrogant attempt, pray that + that God, to whose providential intentions Washington was a + glorious instrument, may impart to the people of the United + States the same wisdom for the conservation of the present + prosperity of the land and for its future security, which he + gave to Washington for the foundation of it. + </p> + <p> + 5. I yield to nobody in the world in reverence and respect to + the immortal memory of Washington. His life and his + principles were the guiding star of my life; to that star I + looked up for inspiration and advice, during the vicissitudes + of my stormy life. Hence I drew that devotion to my country + and to the cause of national freedom, which you, gentlemen, + and millions of your fellow-citizens, and your national + government, are so kind as to honor by unexampled + distinction. + </p> + <p> + 6. Sir, I have studied the history of your immortal + Washington, and have, from my early youth, considered his + principles as a living source of instruction to statesmen and + to patriots. + </p> + <p> + When, in that very year in which Washington issued his + Farewell Address, M. Adet, the French Minister, presented to + him the flag of the French Republic, Washington, as President + of the United States, answered officially, with these + memorable words: + </p> + <p> + "Born in a land of liberty, having early learned its value, + having engaged in a perilous conflict to defend it, having + devoted the best years of my life to secure its permanent + establishment in my country, my anxious recollections, my + sympathetic feelings, and my best wishes, are irresistibly + attracted, whensoever in any country I see an oppressed + nation unfurl the banner of freedom." + </p> + <p> + 7. Thus spoke Washington. Have I not then full reason to say, + that if he were alive his generous sympathy would be with me; + and the sympathy of a Washington never was, and never would + be, a barren word. Washington, who raised the word "honesty" + as a rule of policy, never would have professed a sentiment + which his wisdom as a statesman would not have approved. + </p> + <p> + 8. Sir! here let me end. I consider it already as an immense + benefit that your generous attention connected the cause of + Hungary with the celebration of the memory of Washington. + </p> + <p> + 9. Spirit of the departed! smile down from heaven upon this + appreciation of my country's cause; watch over those + principles which thou hast taken for the guiding star of thy + noble life, and the time will yet come when not only thine + own country, but liberated Europe, also, will be a living + monument to thy immortal name. + </p> + <hr> + <h3> + <a name="lesson121"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CXXI. + </h3> + <h4> + THE LOST ONE'S LAMENT. + </h4> + <pre> +1. Oh! the snow, the beautiful snow, + Filling the sky and earth below; + Over the housetops, over the street, + Over the heads of the people you meet, + Dancing, + Flirting, + Skimming along! + Beautiful snow! it can do no wrong. + Flying to kiss a fair lady's cheek, + Clinging to lips in a frolicsome freak, + Beautiful snow from the Heaven above, + Pure as an angel, gentle as love! +2. Oh! the snow, the beautiful snow, + How the flakes gather and laugh as they go? + Whirling about in its maddening fun, + It plays in its glee with every one; + Chasing, + Laughing, + Hurrying by, + It lights on the face and it sparkles the eye! + And even the dogs, with a bark and a bound, + Snap at the crystals that eddy around. + The town is alive, and its heart in a glow + To welcome the coming of beautiful snow. +3. How wild the crowd goes swaying along, + Hailing each other with humor and song! + How the gay sledges, like meteors, flash by, + Bright for the moment, then lost to the eye! + Ringing, + Swinging, + Dashing they go + Over the crust of the beautiful snow; + Snow so pure when it falls from the sky, + To be trampled in mud by the crowd rushing by, + To be trampled and tracked by thousands of feet, + Till it blends with the filth in the horrible street +4. How strange it should be that this beautiful snow, + Should fall on a sinner with nowhere to go! + How strange it should be, when the night comes again + If the snow and the ice struck my desperate brain! + Fainting, + Freezing, + Dying alone, + Too wicked for prayer, too weak for a moan + To be heard in the crazy town, + Gone mad in the joy of the snow coming down; + To lie and so die, in my terrible woe, + With a bed and a shroud of the beautiful snow! +</pre> + +<div style='display:block; margin-top:4em'>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SANDERS' UNION FOURTH READER ***</div> +<div style='text-align:left'> + +<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> +Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions will +be renamed. +</div> + +<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> +Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright +law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, +so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United +States without permission and without paying copyright +royalties. 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