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+The Project Gutenberg eBook of Sanders' Union Fourth Reader, by Charles
+W. Sanders
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and
+most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
+whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms
+of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
+www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you
+will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before
+using this eBook.
+
+Title: Sanders' Union Fourth Reader
+
+Author: Charles W. Sanders
+
+Release Date: October 1, 2005 [eBook #9078]
+Last Updated: September 10, 2023
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: UTF-8
+
+Produced by: David Garcia, Tonya Allen, Charles Franks,
+and the Distributed Proofreaders
+
+*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SANDERS' UNION FOURTH
+READER ***
+
+
+
+
+SANDERS' UNION FOURTH READER:
+
+EMBRACING A FULL EXPOSITION OF THE PRINCIPLES OF RHETORICAL READING;
+
+WITH NUMEROUS EXERCISES FOR PRACTICE,
+
+BOTH IN PROSE AND POETRY, VARIOUS IN STYLE, AND CAREFULLY ADAPTED TO THE
+PURPOSES OF TEACHING IN SCHOOLS OF EVERY GRADE.
+
+BY CHARLES W. SANDERS, A.M.
+
+
+
+
+PREFACE.
+
+THIS FOURTH READER is designed to pass the pupil from the comparatively
+easy ground occupied by the THIRD to the more difficult course embraced
+in THE UNION FIFTH READER, which is next higher in the series. It is,
+therefore, carefully graded to this intermediate position.
+
+In one sense, however, it is the most important in the set; since the
+great mass of pupils, in our common schools, are drawn away from
+scholastic pursuits long before the proper time for entering upon any
+course of reading more advanced than that which is here presented. This
+consideration has had its full weight in the preparation of the
+following pages.
+
+Every exercise will be found to bear the impress of that special
+adaptation to the purposes of teaching, without which no book of this
+kind can fully perform the office which it assumes. The labor expended
+in this direction, though all unseen by the casual observer, has been
+neither light nor brief. It can be duly appreciated by none but the
+experienced teacher.
+
+All words in the exercises, requiring explanation, have been arranged,
+as regular lessons in spelling and definition. In these definitions,
+however, it must be kept in mind, that no attempt has been made to give
+_all the meanings of which a word is susceptible, but that only which it
+bears in the particular place in the exercise where it is found._ There
+is a special educational advantage in thus leading the mind of the pupil
+definitely to fix upon the _precise import_ of a word, in some
+particular use or application of it.
+
+All proper names occurring in the text, and at all likely to embarrass
+the learner, have been explained in brief, comprehensive notes. These
+notes involve many matters, Geographical, Biographical, and Historical,
+which are not a little interesting in themselves, aside from the special
+purpose subserved by them in the present connection.
+
+All this has been done, and more, in order to secure that kind of
+interest in the exercises which comes of reading what is clearly
+understood; and because no perfect reading is possible, where the reader
+himself fails to perceive the meaning of what he reads.
+
+In the selection and adaptation of the pieces, the highest aim has been
+to make and to leave the best moral impression; and this, not by dull
+and formal teachings, but by the pleasanter, and, therefore, more
+powerful, means of incidental and unexpected suggestion. Admonition is
+then most likely to be heeded, when it comes through the channel of
+events and circumstances.
+
+The direct and ostensible aim of the book, however, has been kept
+steadily in view; which is to furnish the best possible exercises for
+practice in Rhetorical reading. To this end, the greatest variety of
+style and sentiment has been sought. There is scarcely a tone or
+modulation, of which the human voice is capable, that finds not here
+some piece adapted precisely to its best expression. There is not an
+inflection, however delicate, not an emphasis, however slight, however
+strong, that does not here meet with something fitted well for its
+amplest illustration. No tenderness of pathos, no earnestness of
+thought, no play of wit, no burst of passion, is there, perhaps, of
+which the accomplished teacher of Elocution may not find the proper
+style of expression in these pages, and, consequently, the best examples
+for the illustration of his art.
+
+The book, thus briefly described, is, therefore, given to the public
+with the same confidence that has hitherto inspired the author in
+similar efforts, and with the hope that it may reach even a higher
+measure of usefulness than that attained by any of its predecessors, in
+the long line of works which he has prepared for the use of schools.
+
+NEW YORK, April, 1863.
+
+
+
+
+CONTENTS.
+
+
+PART FIRST.
+ELOCUTION.
+
+SECTION I.--ARTICULATION
+
+ ELEMENTARY SOUNDS OF THE LETTERS
+
+ SUBSTITUTES FOR THE VOWEL ELEMENTS
+
+ SUBSTITUTES FOR THE CONSONANT ELEMENTS
+
+ ERRORS IN ARTICULATION
+
+ COMBINATIONS OF CONSONANTS
+
+ EXAMPLES TO ILLUSTRATE INDISTINCT ARTICULATION
+
+ MISCELLANEOUS EXAMPLES
+
+SECTION II--ACCENT AND EMPHASIS
+
+ EXAMPLES OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY ACCENT
+
+ EXAMPLES OF INTENSIVE EMPHASIS
+
+ EXAMPLES OF ABSOLUTE EMPHASIS
+
+ EXAMPLES OF ANTITHETIC EMPHASIS
+
+SECTION III.--INFLECTIONS
+
+ MONOTONE
+
+ RISING AND FALLING INFLECTIONS
+
+ RULES FOR THE USE OF INFLECTIONS
+
+ THE CIRCUMFLEX
+
+SECTION IV.--MODULATION
+
+ PITCH OF VOICE
+
+ QUANTITY
+
+ RULES FOR QUANTITY
+
+ QUALITY
+
+ RULES FOR QUALITY
+
+NOTATION IN MODULATION
+
+ EXAMPLES FOR EXERCISE IN MODULATION
+
+ SECTION V.--THE RHETORICAL PAUSE
+
+
+
+
+PART SECOND.
+
+1. TRUE HEROISM, _Adapted. Osborne_
+
+2. YOU AND I, _Charles Mackay_
+
+3. LIFE'S WORK
+
+4. THE YOUNG CAPTIVES
+
+5. MY MOTHER'S LAST KISS, _Mrs. E. Oakes Smith_
+
+6. THE DEAD CHILD'S FORD, _Mrs. E. Oakes Smith_
+
+7. LAME AND LAZY--_A Fable_
+
+8. FAITHFULNESS IN LITTLE THINGS, _Adapted, Eliza A. Chase_
+
+9. THE AMERICAN BOY
+
+10. THE SAILOR BOY'S SONG
+
+11. CHASE OF THE PET FAWN, _Adapted. Miss Cooper_
+
+12. KINDNESS
+
+13. CARELESS WORDS
+
+14. WEBSTER AND THE WOODCHUCK, _Adapted. Boston Traveler_
+
+15. DO IT YOURSELF
+
+16. BETTER LATE THAN NEVER
+
+17. THE ADOPTED CHILD, _Mrs. Hemans_
+
+18. THE OLD EAGLE TREE, _Rev. John Todd_
+
+19. THE LIGHT OF KNOWLEDGE, _Elihu Burritt_
+
+20. NIGHT'S LESSONS, _L.H. Sigourney_
+
+21. NATURE'S TEACHINGS, _Chambers' Journal_
+
+22. SOWING AND HARVESTING, _Anon._
+
+23. A THRILLING INCIDENT, _Adapted. Anon._
+
+24. THE TRUTHFUL KING
+
+25. WHEN SHALL I ANSWER, NO, _J.N. McElligott_
+
+26. TO MASTER ROBERT AND JOHN, _Davis_
+
+27. WHANG, THE MILLER, _Goldsmith_
+
+28. CHIMNEY-SWALLOWS, _Henry Ward Beecher_
+
+29. THE DOUBTING HEART, _Adelaide Procter_
+
+30. THE COMING OF WINTER, _T.B. Read_
+
+31. CHILD TIRED OF PLAY, _N.P. Willis_
+
+32. THE RESCUE, _By a Sea Captain_
+
+33. ROBERT BRUCE AND THE SCOTCH WOMAN
+
+34. ROBERT BRUCE AND THE SPIDER, _Bernard Barton_
+
+35. WEALTH AND FASHION
+
+36. MY FIRST JACK-KNIFE
+
+37. THE PINE-TREE SHILLINGS, _Nathaniel Hawthorne_
+
+38. HIAWATHA'S HUNTING, _Longfellow_
+
+39. DESPERATE ENCOUNTER WITH A PANTHER, _Bk. of Adventures_
+
+40. THE POWER OF HABIT, _John B. Gough_
+
+41. THE DRUNKARD'S DAUGHTER
+
+42. THE TWO YOUNG TRAVELERS, _Adapted. Merry's Museum_
+
+43. HIGHER!
+
+44. LABOR, _Caroline F. Orne_
+
+45. THE AMBITIOUS APPRENTICE
+
+46. SO WAS FRANKLIN, _Anon._
+
+47. NOW AND THEN, _Jane Taylor_
+
+48. AN INGENIOUS STRATAGEM, _Days of Washington_
+
+49. FRANCES SLOCUM, THE YOUNG CAPTIVE, _B.J. Lossing_
+
+50. THE RAIN-DROPS, _Delia Louise Colton_
+
+51. SMALL THINGS, _F. Bennoch_
+
+52. MURDERER'S CREEK, _James K. Paulding_
+
+53. NAPOLEON'S ARMY CROSSING THE ALPS, _Adapted. Anon._
+
+54. WHERE THERE'S A WILL THERE'S A WAY, _Eliza Cook_
+
+55. "I CAN"
+
+56. NOW, TO-DAY, _Adelaide A. Procter_
+
+57. CAPTURE OF MAJOR ANDRE
+
+58. BENEDICT ARNOLD
+
+59. BEHIND TIME, _Freeman Hunt_
+
+60. HOW HAPPY I'LL BE
+
+61. THE SWORD OF BUNKER HILL, _William R. Wallace_
+
+62. BIBLE LEGEND OF THE WISSAHIKON, _Lippard_
+
+63. ADVICE TO THE YOUNG, _E.H. Chapin_
+
+64. THE INTREPID YOUTH
+
+65. THE FOUR MISFORTUNES, _John G. Saxe_
+
+66. MRS. CREDULOUS AND THE FORTUNE-TELLER
+
+67. FAITH, HOPE, AND CHARITY--_An Allegory_
+
+68. NOT TO MYSELF ALONE, _S.W. Partridge_
+
+69. THE WORLD WOULD BE THE BETTER FOR IT, _W.H. Cobb_
+
+70. SELECT PROVERBS OF SOLOMON, _Bible_
+
+71. WINTER BEAUTY, _Henry Ward Beecher_
+
+72. FROSTED TREES
+
+73. THE MOUNTAINS OF LIFE, _James G. Clark_
+
+74. IMAGINARY EVILS, _Chas. Swain_
+
+75. SIR WALTER AND THE LION, _A. Walchner_
+
+76. CHOICE EXTRACTS
+
+ I. WHAT REALLY BENEFITS US.
+ II. GOD'S LOVE.
+ III. LIFE-WORK.
+ IV. HUMILITY.
+ V. BENEFITS OF ADVERSITY.
+ VI. OUR MOUNTAIN HOMES.
+ VII. MAKE A BEGINNING.
+ VIII. INFLUENCE.
+ IX. PLEASURE IN ACQUIRING KNOWLEDGE.
+ X. WHAT IS FAME?
+ XI. CULTIVATED INTELLECT.
+ XII. GOD'S WORKS ATTEST HIS GREATNESS.
+
+77. CAPTURE OF THE WHALE
+
+78. LEAVES FROM AN AERONAUT, _Willis Gaylord Clark_
+
+79. THE DAPPLE MARE, _John G. Saxe_
+
+80. A LEAP FOR LIFE, _George P. Morris_
+
+81. THE INDIAN BRIDE'S REVENGE, _Adapted. L.M. Stowell_
+
+82. A MOTHER'S LOVE, _Albert Barnes_
+
+83. THE LIFE-BOOK, _Home Journal_
+
+84. ODE ON SOLITUDE, _Pope_
+
+85. GETTING THE RIGHT START, _J.G. Holland_
+
+86. THE PRESUMPTION OF YOUTH, _Rollin_
+
+87. SONG OF THE AMERICAN EAGLE
+
+88 THE ARMY OF REFORM, _Sarah Jane Lippincott_
+
+89. LAST CRUISE OF THE MONITOR, _Adapted. Grenville M. Weeks_
+
+90. DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF WOMEN, _Gail Hamilton_
+
+91. SCENE FROM WILLIAM TELL, _J. Sheridan Knowles_
+
+92. THE RICH MAN AND THE POOR MAN, _Khemnitzer_
+
+93. GRANDEUR OF THE OCEAN, _Walter Colton_
+
+94. A BURIAL AT SEA, _Walter Colton_
+
+95. THE TREASURES OF THE DEEP, _Mrs. Hemans_
+
+96. THE BRIDGE OF SIGHS, _Thomas Hood_
+
+97. A REQUIEM
+
+98. VISIT TO MOUNT VERNON, _A.C. Ritchie_
+
+99. LA FAYETTE, _Charles Sprague_
+
+100. THE MYSTIC WEAVER, _Rev. Dr. Harbaugh_
+
+101. WORK AWAY, _Harpers' Magazine_
+
+102. QUEEN ISABELLA'S RESOLVE, _Vinet_
+
+103. DISCOVERY OF THE NEW WORLD, _Lamartine_
+
+104. THE RETURN OF COLUMBUS, _Vinet_
+
+105. TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO, _Grenville Mellen_
+
+106. PRESS ON, _Park Benjamin_
+
+107. THE THREE FORMS OF NATURE, _From the French of Michelet_
+
+108. THE WHALE AND THE WHALER, _From the French of Michelet_
+
+109. RIENZI'S ADDRESS TO THE ROMANS, _Miss Mitford_
+
+110. SONG OF THE FORGE
+
+111. CHOICE EXTRACTS
+
+ I. SWIFTNESS OF TIME.
+ II. THE SHIP OF STATE.
+ III. THE TRUE HERO.
+ IV. HEART ESSENTIAL TO GENIUS.
+ V. EDUCATION.
+ VI. VANITY OF WEALTH.
+ VII. CONSOLATION OF THE GOSPEL.
+ VIII. THE LIGHT OF HOPE.
+ IX. PAMPERING THE BODY AND STARVING THE SOUL.
+
+112. WE ALL DO FADE AS A LEAF, _Gail Hamilton_
+
+113. TEACHINGS OF NATURE, _Pollok_
+
+114. PASSING UNDER THE ROD, _Mary S.B. Dana_
+
+115. THE PETULANT MAN, _Osborne_
+
+116. THE BRAHMIN AND THE ROGUES, _Versified by J.N. McElligott_
+
+117. LIVING WITHIN OUR MEANS, _S.W. Partridge_
+
+118. GRANDEUR OF THE UNIVERSE, _O.M. Mitchel_
+
+119. "WHOM HAVE I IN HEAVEN BUT THEE?", _Pamelia S. Vining_
+
+120. THE MEMORY OF WASHINGTON, _Kossuth_
+
+121. THE LOST ONE'S LAMENT
+
+
+
+
+EXPLANATION OF THE PAUSES.
+
+ .
+The Period is the longest pause--a full stop. It marks the end of a
+sentence, and shows the sense complete; as, The sky is blue`. Pause the
+time of counting _six_, and let the voice fall.
+
+ ?
+
+The Interrogation is used at the end of a question; as, Is the sky
+blue'? If the question can be answered by _yes_ or _no_, the voice
+rises; if not, it falls; as, Where is your map`;? Pause the time of
+counting _six_.
+
+ !
+
+The Exclamation denotes wonder, surprise, pain, or joy; as, O'! what a
+sweet rose`! Pause the time of counting _one_, after a single word, and
+let the voice rise; but after a complete sentence, pause the time of
+counting _six_, and let the voice fall.
+
+ :
+
+The Colon is a pause shorter than the Period; as, The sky is clear`: the
+sun shines. Pause the time of counting _four_, and let the voice fall.
+
+ ;
+
+The Semicolon is a pause shorter than the Colon; as, The rose is fair`;
+but it soon fades. Pause the time of counting _two_, and let the voice
+fall. Sometimes the voice should rise, as the sense may require.
+
+ ,
+
+The Comma is the shortest pause; as, Jane goes to school', and learns to
+read. Pause the time of counting _one_, and keep the voice up.
+
+ --
+
+The Dash denotes a sudden pause or change of subject; as, I saw him--but
+what a sight! When the dash is used after any other pause, the time of
+that pause is doubled.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+EXPLANATION OF OTHER MARKS.
+
+ '
+
+The Apostrophe has the form of the comma. It denotes the possessive
+case; as, John's book; also, that one or more letters have been left out
+of a word; as, lov'd for loved.
+
+ " "
+
+The Quotation includes a passage that is taken from some other author or
+speaker; as, John said: "See my kite."
+
+ ( )
+
+The Parenthesis includes words not properly a part of the main sentence;
+as, I like these people (who would not?) very much. The words within the
+parenthesis should be read in a lower tone of voice.
+
+ [ ]
+
+The Brackets inclose words that serve to explain the preceding word or
+sentence; as, James [the truthful boy] went home.
+
+ ^
+
+The Caret shows where words are to be put in that have been omitted by
+mistake; as, Live ^in peace.
+
+ (..)
+
+The Diæresis is placed over the latter of two vowels, to show that they
+belong to two distinct syllables; as, aërial.
+
+ -
+
+The Hyphen is used to connect compound words; as, Well-doing; or the
+parts of a word separated at the end of a line.
+
+ [Index]
+
+The Index points to something special or remarkable; as, => Important
+News!
+
+ *** .... or ----
+
+The Ellipsis shows that certain words or letters have been purposely
+omitted; as, K**g, k..g, or k--g, for king.
+
+ [Paragraph]
+
+The Paragraph denotes the beginning of a new subject. It is chiefly used
+in the Bible; as, [Paragraph] The same day came to him, etc.
+
+ [Section]
+
+The Section is used to divide a book or chapter into parts; as,
+[Section]45.
+
+ * [Obelisk] [Double Dagger]
+
+The Asterisk, the Obelisk, the Double Dagger, and sometimes other marks,
+[Footnote: For instance: the Section mark, [Section], and the Parallel,
+||.] refer to notes in the margin.
+
+
+
+
+APPLICATIONS OF THE MARKS USED IN WRITING.
+
+ LINE
+ 1 My Young Friends', never tell a falsehood`; but always
+
+ 2 speak the truth`; this is pleasing to your Maker.
+
+ 3 Do you read His holy word--the Bible'? O! remem-
+
+ 4 ber, that He has there said: "He that speaketh lies, shall
+
+ 5 not escape: he shall perish."* Remember, too, that the
+
+ 6 All-seeing God knows all that we say or do.
+
+
+ 7 [Paragraph] Tho' wisdom's voice is seldom heard in k--g's
+
+ 8 palaces,--there have been _wise_ kings, (_e.g._ Solomon,) who
+
+ 9 were lov'd and obey'd by their subjects.[Obelisk]
+
+
+ 10 Here, [i.e. in the U.S.,] we can not boast of our kings,
+
+ 11 princes, lords, &c.; yet we have had a PRESIDENT, who,
+
+ 12 in true greatness, surpass'ed them all; viz., the great
+
+ 13 WASHINGTON.---- [Index] Washington feared and hon-
+
+ 14 ored God.
+
+
+ 15 [S] Section, [/=] Double Dagger, and || Parallel, are also used
+
+ 16 for reference to the margin.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+ * Proverbs xix. 5 and 9. [Obelisk] 1 Kings.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+PART FIRST.
+
+ELOCUTION.
+
+Elocution is the art of delivering written or extemporaneous composition
+with force, propriety, and ease.
+
+It deals, therefore, with words, not only as individuals, but as members
+of a sentence, and parts of a connected discourse: including every thing
+necessary to the just expression of the sense. Accordingly, it demands,
+in a _special_ manner, attention to the following particulars; viz.,
+ARTICULATION, ACCENT, EMPHASIS, INFLECTION, MODULATION, and PAUSES.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+SECTION I.
+
+ARTICULATION.
+
+Articulation is the art of uttering distinctly and justly the letters
+and syllables constituting a word.
+
+It deals, therefore, with the elements of words, just as elocution deals
+with the elements of sentences: the one securing the true enunciation of
+each letter, or combination of letters, the other giving to each word,
+or combination of words, such a delivery as best expresses the meaning
+of the author. It is the basis of all good reading, and should be
+carefully practiced by the learner.
+
+
+
+
+ELEMENTARY SOUNDS OF THE LETTERS.
+
+VOWEL SOUNDS.
+
+TONICS.
+
+ _Element_. _Power_.
+
+ 1.--1 A as in _A_pe.
+ 2.--2 A " _A_rm.
+ 3.--3 A " _A_ll.
+ 4.--4 A " _A_t.
+ 5.--5 A " C_a_re.
+ 6.--6 A " _A_sk.
+ 7.--1 E " _E_ve.
+ 8.--2 E " _E_nd.
+ 9.--1 I " _I_ce.
+ 10.--2 I " _I_t.
+ 11.--1 O " _O_ld.
+ 12.--2 O " D_o_.
+ 13.--3 O " _O_x.
+ 14.--1 U " _U_se.
+ 15.--2 U " _U_p.
+ 16.--3 U " P_u_ll.
+ 17.--OI " O_i_l.
+ 18.--OU " O_u_t.
+
+
+CONSONANT SOUNDS.
+
+SUB-TONICS.
+
+ 19.--B as in _B_at.
+ 20.--D " _D_un.
+ 21.--G " _G_un.
+ 22.--J " _J_et.
+ 23.--L " _L_et.
+ 24.--M " _M_an.
+ 25.--N " _N_ot.
+ 26.--R " _R_un.
+ 27.--V " _V_ent.
+ 28.--W " _W_ent.
+ 29.--Y " _Y_es.
+ 30.--1 Z " _Z_eal.
+ 31.--2 Z " A_z_ure.
+ 32.--NG " Si_ng_.
+ 33.--TH " _Th_y.
+
+A-TONICS.
+
+ 34.--F as in _F_it.
+ 35.--H " _H_at.
+ 36.--K " _K_id.
+ 36.--P " _P_it.
+ 38.--S " _S_in.
+ 39.--T " _T_op.
+ 40.--CH " _Ch_at.
+ 41.--SH " _Sh_un.
+ 42.--TH " _Th_in.
+ 43.--WH " _Wh_en.
+
+ 21: Soft G is equivalent to J; soft C to S, and hard C and Q to K.
+ X is equivalent to K and S, as in _box_, or to G and Z
+ as in _exalt_.
+
+ 42: WH is pronounced as if the H preceded W, otherwise it would be
+ pronounced _W hen_. R should be slightly trilled before a
+ vowel. For further instructions, see Sanders and Merrill's
+ Elementary and Elocutionary Chart.
+
+
+
+
+SUBSTITUTES FOR THE VOWEL ELEMENTS.
+
+For Long A.
+
+ _ai_ as in s_ai_l.
+ _au_ " g_au_ge.
+ _ay_ " l_ay_.
+ _ea_ " gr_ea_t.
+ _ei_ " d_ei_gn.
+ _ey_ " th_ey_.
+
+For Flat A.
+
+ _au_ as in d_au_nt.
+ _ea_ " h_ea_rt.
+ _ua_ " g_ua_rd.
+
+For Broad A.
+
+ _au_ as in p_au_se.
+ _aw_ " l_a_w.
+ _eo_ " G_eo_rge.
+ _oa_ " gr_oa_t.
+ _o_ " h_o_rn.
+ _ou_ " s_ou_ght.
+
+For Short A.
+
+ _ai_ as in pl_ai_d.
+ _ua_ " g_ua_ranty.
+
+For Intermediate A.
+
+ _ai_ as in h_ai_r.
+ _ea_ " b_ea_r.
+ _e_ " wh_e_re.
+ _ei_ " th_ei_r.
+
+For Long E.
+
+ _ea_ as in w_ea_k.
+ _ei_ " s_ei_ze.
+ _eo_ " p_eo_ple.
+ _ey_ " k_ey_.
+ _ie_ " br_ie_f.
+ _i_ " p_i_que.
+
+For Short E.
+
+ _a_ as in _a_ny.
+ _ai_ " s_ai_d.
+ _ay_ " s_ay_s.
+ _ea_ " d_ea_d.
+ _ei_ " h_ei_fer.
+ _eo_ " l_eo_pard.
+ _ie_ " fr_ie_nd.
+ _ue_ " g_ue_ss.
+ _u_ " b_u_ry.
+
+For Long I.
+
+ _ai_ as in _ai_sle.
+ _ei_ " sl_ei_ght.
+ _ey_ " _ey_e.
+ _ie_ " d_ie_.
+ _oi_ " ch_oi_r.
+ _ui_ " g_ui_de.
+ _uy_ " b_uy_.
+ _y_ " tr_y_.
+
+For Short I.
+
+ _e_ as in _E_nglish.
+ _ee_ " b_ee_n.
+ _ie_ " s_ie_ve.
+ _o_ " w_o_men.
+ _u_ " b_u_sy.
+ _ui_ " b_ui_ld.
+ _y_ " s_y_mbol.
+
+For Long O.
+
+ _au_ as in h_au_tboy.
+ _eau_ " b_eau_.
+ _eo_ " y_eo_man.
+ _ew_ " s_ew_.
+ _oa_ " b_oa_t.
+ _oe_ " h_oe_.
+ _ou_ " s_ou_l.
+ _ow_ " fl_o_w.
+
+For Long Slender O.
+
+ _oe_ as in sh_oe_.
+ _ou_ " s_ou_p.
+
+For Short O.
+
+ _a_ as in w_a_s.
+ _ou_ " h_ou_gh.
+ _ow_ " kn_ow_ledge.
+
+For Long U.
+
+ _eau_ as in b_eau_ty.
+ _eu_ " f_eu_d.
+ _ew_ " d_ew_.
+ _ieu_ " ad_ieu_.
+ _ou_ " y_ou_r.
+ _ue_ " c_ue_.
+ _ui_ " s_ui_t.
+
+For Short U.
+
+ _e_ as in h_e_r.
+ _i_ " s_i_r.
+ _oe_ " d_oe_s.
+ _o_ " l_o_ve.
+ _ou_ " y_ou_ng.
+
+For Short Slender U.
+
+ _o_ as in w_o_lf.
+ _ou_ " w_ou_ld.
+
+For the Diphthong OI.
+
+ _oy_ as in j_oy_.
+
+For the Diphthong OU.
+
+ _ow_ as in n_ow_.
+
+There is no pure Triphthongal sound in the language. _Buoy_ is
+equivalent to _bwoy_. _U_ being a consonant.
+
+
+
+
+SUBSTITUTES FOR THE CONSONANT ELEMENTS.
+
+ F.
+
+ _gh_ as in lau_gh_.
+ _ph_ " s_ph_ere.
+
+ J.
+
+ _g_ " _g_em.
+
+ K.
+
+ _c_ " _c_an.
+ _ch_ " _ch_ord.
+ _gh_ " hou_gh_.
+ _q_ " _q_uit.
+
+ S.
+
+ _c_ " _c_ent.
+
+ T.
+
+ _d_ " face_d_.
+ _phth_ " _phth_isic.
+
+ V.
+
+ _f_ " o_f_.
+ _ph_ " Ste_ph_en.
+
+ Y.
+
+ _i_ " val_i_ant.
+
+ 1 Z.
+
+ _c_ " suffi_c_e.
+ _s_ " wa_s_.
+ _x_ " _X_erxes.
+
+ 2 Z.
+
+ _s_ " trea_s_ure.
+ _z_ " a_z_ure.
+ _si_ " fu_si_on.
+ _zi_ " gla_zi_er.
+
+ NG.
+
+ _n_ " co_n_ch.
+
+ SH.
+
+ _ce_ " o_ce_an.
+ _ci_ " so_ci_al.
+ _ch_ " _ch_aise.
+ _si_ " pen_si_on.
+ _s_ " _s_ure.
+ _ss_ " i_ss_ue.
+ _ti_ " no_ti_on.
+
+ CH.
+
+ _ti_ " fus_ti_an.
+
+ B, D, G, H, L, M, N, P, and R, have no substitutes.
+
+
+The most common faults in ARTICULATION are
+
+I. _The suppression of a syllable; as,_
+
+ cab'n for cab-_i_n.
+ cap'n " cap-_tai_n.
+ barr'l " bar-r_e_l.
+ ev'ry " ev-_e_-ry.
+ hist'ry " his-t_o_-ry
+ reg'lar " reg-_u_-lar.
+ sev'ral " sev-_e_r-al.
+ rhet'ric " rhet-_o_-ric.
+ mem'ry " mem-_o_-ry.
+ jub'lee " ju-b_i_-lee.
+ trav'ler " trav-_e_l-er.
+ fam'ly " fam-_i_-ly.
+ vent'late " ven-t_i_-late.
+ des'late " des-_o_-late.
+ prob'ble " prob-_a_-ble.
+ par-tic'lar " par-tic-_u_-lar.
+
+
+II. _The omission of any sound properly belonging to a word; as,_
+
+ read-in for read-in_g_.
+ swif-ly " swif_t_-ly.
+ com-mans " com-man_d_s.
+ wam-er " wa_r_m-er.
+ um-ble " _h_um-ble.
+ ap-py " _h_ap-py.
+ con-sis " con-sis_t_s.
+ fa-t'l " fa-tal.
+ pr'-tect " pr_o_-tect.
+ b'low " b_e_-low.
+ p'r-vade " p_e_r-vade.
+ srink-in " s_h_rink-in_g_.
+ th'if-ty " th_r_if-ty.
+ as-ter-is " as-ter-is_k_.
+ gov-er-ment " gov-er_n_-ment.
+ Feb-u-ary " Feb-_r_u-a-ry.
+
+III. _The substitution of one sound for another; as,_
+
+ _uf_-ford for _a_f-ford.
+ wil-l_e_r " wil-lo_w_.
+ sock-_i_t " sock-_et_.
+ fear-l_u_ss " fear-l_e_ss.
+ cul-t_e_r " cult-_u_re.
+ prod-u_x_ " prod-u_cts_.
+ judg-m_u_nt " judg-m_e_nt.
+ chil-dr_i_n " chil-dr_e_n.
+ mod-_i_st " mod-_e_st.
+ _u_p-prove " _a_p-prove.
+ _w_in-e-gar " _v_in-e-gar.
+ sep-_e_-rate " sep-_a_-rate.
+ temp-er-_i_t " tem-per-_a_te.
+ croc-_e_r-dile " croc-_o_-dile.
+ t_u_b-ac-c_u_r " t_o_-bac-c_o_.
+ com-pr_u_m-ise " com-pr_o_-mise.
+
+IV. Produce the sounds denoted by the following combinations of
+consonants:--
+
+Let the pupil first produce the sound of the letters, and then the word
+or words in which they occur. Be careful to give a clear and distinct
+enunciation to every letter.
+
+ 1. _Bd_, as in ro_b'd_; _bdst_, pro_b'dst_; _bl_, _bl_ and,
+ a_bl_e; _bld_, hum-_bl'd; bldst_, trou_bl'dst_; _blst_,
+ trou_bl'st; blz_, crum_bles; br_, _br_and; _bz_, ri_bs_.
+
+ 2. _Ch_, as in _ch_ur_ch; cht_, fet_ch'd_.
+
+ 3. _Dj_, as in e_dg_e; _djd_, he_dg'd; dl_, bri_dle; dld_,
+ rid_dl'd; dlst_, han_dl'st_; _dlz_, bun_dles; dn_,
+ har_d'n; dr_, _dr_ove; _dth_, wi_dth; dths_, brea_dths;
+ dz_, o_dds_.
+
+ 4. _Fl_, as in _fl_ame; _fld_, ri_fl'd_; _flst_, sti_fl'st_;
+ _flx_, ri_fles_; _fr_, _fr_om; _fs_, qua_ffs_, lau_ghs_;
+ _fst_, lau_gh'st_, qua_ff'st_; _ft_, ra_ft_; _fts_,
+ wa_fts; ftst_, gr_ft'st_.
+
+ 5. _Gd_, as in beg_g'd_; _gdst_, brag_g'dst; gl_, _gl_ide;
+ _gld_, strug_gl'd; gldst_, hag_gl'dst; gist_, stran_gl'st;
+ glz_, min_gles; gr, gr_ove; _gst_, beg_g'st; gz_, fi_gs_.
+
+ 6. _Kl_, as in un_cle_, an_kle_; _kld_, trick_l'd; kldst_,
+ truck_l'dst; klst_, chuc_kl'st; klz_, wrin_kles; kn_,
+ blac_k'n; knd_, rec_k'n'd; kndst_, rec_k'n'dst; knst_,
+ blac_k'n'st; knz_, rec_k'ns; kr, cr_ank; _ks_, chec_ks;
+ kt_, a_ct_.
+
+ 7. _Lb_, as in bu_lb_; _lbd_, bu_lb'd; lbs_, bu_lbs; lch_,
+ fi_lch; lcht_, be_lch'd; ld_, ho_ld; ldst_, fo_ld'st;
+ ldz_, ho_lds; lf_, se_lf; lfs_, gu_lfs; lj_, bu_lge; lk_,
+ e_lk; lks_, si_lks; lkt_, mi_lk'd; lkts_, mu_lcts; lm_,
+ e_lm; lmd_, whel_m'd; lmz_, fi_lms; ln_, fa_ll'n;_ _lp_,
+ he_lp_; _lps_, sca_lps_; _lpst_, _help'st_; _ls_, fa_lse_;
+ _lst_, ca_ll'st_; _lt_, me_lt_; _lth_, hea_lth_; _lths_,
+ stea_lths_; _lts_, co_lts_; _lv_, de_lve_; _lvd_,
+ she_lv'd_; _lvz_, el_ves_; _lz_, ha_lls_.
+
+ 8. _Md_, as in doo_m'd_; _mf_, triu_mph_; _mp_, he_mp_;
+ _mpt_, te_mpt_; _mpts_, atte_mpts_; _mst_, ento_mb'st_;
+ _mz_, to_mbs_.
+
+ 9. _Nch_, as in be_nch_; _ncht_, pi_nch'd_; _nd_, a_nd_;
+ _ndst_, e_nd'st_; _ndz_, e_nds_; _ng_, su_ng_; _ngd_,
+ ba_nged_; _ngth_, le_ngth_; _ngz_, so_ngs_; _nj_, ra_nge_;
+ _njd_, ra_ng'd_; _nk_, i_nk_; _nks_, ra_nks_; _nkst_,
+ tha_nk'st_; _nst_, wi_ne'd_; _nt_, se_nt_; _nts_, re_nts_;
+ _ntst_, we_nt'st_; _nz_, ru_ns_.
+
+ 10. _Pl_, as in _pl_ume; _pld_, rip_pl'd_; _plst_, rip_pl'st_;
+ _plz_, ap_ples_; _pr_, _pr_ince; _ps_, si_ps_; _pst_,
+ rap_p'st_; _pt_, rip_p'd_.
+
+ 11. _Rb_, as in he_rb_; _rch_, sea_rch_; _rcht_, chu_rch'd_;
+ _rbd_, o_rbd_; _rbdst_, ba_rb'dst_; _rbst_, distu_rb'st_;
+ _rbz_, o_rbs_; _rd_, ha_rd_; _rdst_, hea_rd'st_; _rdz_,
+ wo_rds_; _rf_, tu_rf_; _rft_, sca_rfd_; _rg_, bu_rg_;
+ _rgz_, bu_rgs_; _rj_, di_rge_; _rjd_, u_rg'd_; _rk_,
+ a_rk_; _rks_, a_rks_; _rkst_, wo_rk'st_; _rkt_, di_rk'd_;
+ _rktst_, emba_rk'dst_; _rl_, gi_rl_; _rld_, wo_rld_;
+ _rldst_, hu_rld'st_; _rlst_, whi_rl'st_; _rlz_, hu_rls_;
+ _rm_, a_rm_; _rmd_, a_rm'd_; _rmdst_, ha_rm'dst_; _rmst_,
+ a_rm'st_; _rmz_, cha_rms_; _rn_, tu_rn_; _rnd_, tu_rn'd_;
+ _rndst_, ea_rn'dst_; _rnst_, lea_rn'st_; _rnz_, u_rns_;
+ _rp_, ca_rp_; _rps_, ha_rps_; _rpt_, wa_rp'd_; _rs_,
+ ve_rs_e; _rsh_, ha_rsh_; _rst_, fi_rst_; _rsts_, bu_rsts_;
+ _rt_, da_rt_; _rth_, ea_rth_; _rths_, bi_rths_; _rts_,
+ ma_rts_; _rtst_, da_rt'st_; _rv_, cu_rve_; _rvd_,
+ ne_rv'd_; _rvdst_, cu_rv'dst_; _rvst_, swe_rv'st_; _rvz_,
+ ne_rves_; _rz_, e_rrs_.
+
+ 12. _Sh_, as in _sh_ip; _sht_, hu_sh'd_; _sk_, _sc_an, _sk_ip;
+ _sks_, tu_sks_; _skst_, fri_sk'st_; _skt_, ri_sk'd_; _sl_,
+ _sl_ow; _sld_, ne_stl'd_; _slz_, we_stles_; _sm_, _sm_ile;
+ _sn_, _sn_ag; _sp_, _sp_ort; _sps_, li_sps_; _spt_,
+ cla_sp'd_; _st_, _st_ag; _str_, _str_ike; _sts_, re_sts_;
+ _sw_, _sw_ing.
+
+ 13. _Th_, as in _th_ine, _th_in; _thd_, brea_th'd_; _thr_,
+ _thr_ee; _thst_, brea_th'st_; _thw_, _thw_ack; _thz_,
+ wri_thes_; _tl_, ti_tle_; _tld_, set_tl'd_; _tldst_,
+ set_tl'dst_; _tlst_,set_tl'st_; _tlz_, net_tles_; _tr_,
+ _tr_uuk; _ts_, fi_ts_; _tw_, _tw_irl.
+
+ 14. _Vd_, as in cur_v'd_; _vdst_, li_v'dst_; _vl_, dri_v'l_;
+ _vld_, gro_v'l'd_; _vldst_, gro_v'l'dst_; _vlst_,
+ dri_v'l'st_; _un_, dri_v'n_; _vst_, li_v'st_; _vz_,
+ li_ves_.
+
+ 15. _Wh_, as in _wh_en, _wh_ere.
+
+ 16. _Zd_, as in mu_s'd_; _zl_, daz_zle_; _zld_, muz_zl'd_;
+ _zldst_, daz_zl'dst_; _zlst_, daz_zl'st_; _zlz_,
+ muz_zles_; _zm_, spa_sm_; _zmz_, cha_sms_; _zn_, ri_s'n_;
+ _znd_, rea_s'n'd_; _znz_, pri_s'nz_; _zndst_,
+ impri_s'n'dst_.
+
+
+V. Avoid blending the termination of one word with the beginning of
+another, or suppressing the final letter or letters of one word, when
+the next word commences with a similar sound.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+ His small eyes instead of His small lies.
+ She keeps pies " She keeps spies.
+ His hour is up " His sour is sup.
+ Dry the widow's tears " Dry the widow steers.
+ Your eyes and ears " Your rise sand dears.
+ He had two small eggs " He had two small legs.
+ Bring some ice cream " Bring some mice scream.
+ Let all men praise Him " Let tall men pray sim.
+ He was killed in war " He was skilled in war.
+ Water, air, and earth " Water rare rand dearth.
+ Come and see me once more " Come mand see me one smore.
+
+NOTE.--By an indistinct Articulation the sense of a passage is often
+liable to be perverted.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+ 1. Will he attempt to conceal hi_s acts?_
+ Will he attempt to conceal hi_s sacks?_
+ 2. The man ha_d o_ars to row he_r o_ver.
+ The man ha_d d_oors to row he_r r_over.
+ 3. Can there be a_n a_im more lofty?
+ Can there be _a n_ame more lofty?
+ 4. The judge_s o_ught to arrest the culprits.
+ The judge_s s_ought to arrest the culprits.
+ 5. Hi_s i_re burned when she told him he_r a_ge.
+ Hi_s s_ire burned when she told him he_r r_age.
+ 6. He wa_s a_wed at the works of labor a_nd a_rt.
+ He wa_s s_awed at the works of labor a_n d_art.
+ 7. He wa_s tr_ained in the religion of his fathers.
+ He wa_s st_rained in the religion of his fathers.
+
+MISCELLANEOUS EXAMPLES.
+
+ 1. _Br_avely o'er _th_e _b_oi_st_e_r_ous _b_i_ll_ow_s_,
+ _H_is _g_a_ll_a_nt_ _b_a_rk_ _w_a_s_ _b_o_rn_e.
+ 2. _C_a_n_ _cr_a_v_e_n_ _c_owa_rds_ e_x_pe_ct_ to
+ _c_o_nq_ue_r_ _th_e _c_ou_ntr_y?
+ 3. _Cl_i_ck_, _cl_i_ck_, _g_oe_s_ _th_e _cl_o_ck_; _cl_a_ck_,
+ _cl_a_ck_, _g_oe_s_ _th_e _m_i_ll_.
+ 4. _D_i_d_ _y_ou _d_esi_r_e to _h_ea_r_ _h_i_s_ _d_a_rk_
+ a_nd_ _d_o_l_e_f_u_l_ _dr_ea_ms_?
+ 5. "_F_ir_m_-_p_a_c_e_d_ a_nd_ _sl_ow, a _h_o_rr_i_d_
+ _fr_o_nt_ _th_ey _form_,
+ _St_i_ll_ a_s_ _th_e _br_ee_ze_; _b_u_t_ _dr_ea_df_u_l_
+ a_s_ _th_e _st_or_m_."
+ 6. _Th_e _fl_a_m_i_ng_ _f_i_r_e _fl_a_sh_ed _f_ea_rf_u_ll_y
+ i_n_ _h_i_s_ _f_a_c_e.
+ 7. _Th_e _gl_a_ss_y _gl_a_ci_e_rs_ _gl_ea_m_e_d_ i_n_
+ _gl_owi_ng_ _l_igh_t_.
+ 8. _H_ow _h_igh _h_i_s_ ho_n_o_rs_ _h_ea_v_e_d_ _h_i_s_
+ _h_augh_t_y _h_ea_d_!
+ 9. _H_e _dr_ew _l_o_ng_, _l_e_g_i_bl_e _lin_e_s_ a_l_o_ng_
+ _th_e _l_ove_l_y _l_a_ndsc_a_p_e.
+ 10. _M_a_ss_e_s_ of i_mm_e_ns_e _m_a_gn_i_t_u_d_e _m_o_v_e
+ _m_a_j_e_st_i_c_a_ll_y _thr_ough _th_e _v_a_st_ e_mp_i_r_e
+ of _th_e _s_o_l_a_r_ _s_y_st_e_m_.
+ 11. _R_ou_nd_ _th_e _r_ou_gh_ a_nd_ _r_u_gg_e_d_ _r_o_cks_
+ _th_e _r_a_gg_e_d_ _r_a_sc_a_l_ _r_a_n_.
+ 12. _Th_e _str_i_pl_i_ng_ _str_a_ng_e_r_ _str_aye_d_
+ _str_aigh_t_ _to_wa_rd_ _th_e _str_u_ggl_i_ng_ _str_ea_m_.
+ 13. _Sh_e u_tt_e_r_e_d_ a _sh_a_rp_, _shr_i_ll_ _shr_ie_k_,
+ a_nd_ _th_e_n_ _shr_u_nk_ _fr_o_m_ _th_e _shr_i_v_e_l_e_d_
+ _f_o_rm_ _th_a_t_ _sl_u_mb_e_r_e_d_ i_n_ _th_e _shr_ou_d_.
+ 14. _F_or _f_ear o_f_ o_ff_ending _th_e _fr_ight_f_ul
+ fugitive, _th_e _v_i_l_e _v_a_g_a_b_o_nd_ _v_e_nt_u_r_e_d_
+ _t_o _v_i_l_i_fy_ _th_e _v_e_n_e_r_a_bl_e _v_e_t_e_r_a_n_.
+ 15. A_midst_ _th_e _m_i_sts_, _w_i_th_ a_ngr_y _b_oa_sts_,
+ _H_e _thr_u_sts_ _h_i_s_ _f_i_sts_ a_g_ai_nst_ _th_e
+ _p_o_sts_,
+ A_nd_ _st_i_ll_ i_ns_i_sts_ _h_e _s_ee_s_ _th_e
+ _g_ho_sts_.
+ 16. Peter Prangle, the prickly prangly pear picker, picked
+ three pecks of prickly prangly pears, from the prangly
+ pear trees, on the pleasant prairies.
+ 17. Theophilus Thistle, the successful thistle sifter, in
+ sifting a sieve full of unsifted thistles, thrust three
+ thousand thistles through the thick of his thumb; now, if
+ Theophilus Thistle, the successful thistle sifter, in
+ sifting a sieve full of unsifted thistles, thrust three
+ thousand thistles through the thick of _his_ thumb, see
+ that _thou_, in sifting a sieve full of unsifted thistles,
+ thrust not three thousand thistles through the thick of
+ _thy_ thumb. Success to the successful thistle sifter.
+ 18. We travel _sea_ and _soil_; we _pry_, we _prowl_;
+ We _progress_, and we _prog_ from _pole_ to _pole_.
+
+
+
+
+SECTION II.
+
+ACCENT AND EMPHASIS.
+
+ACCENT and EMPHASIS both indicate some special stress of voice.
+
+Accent is that stress of voice by which one _syllable_ of a word is made
+more prominent than others; EMPHASIS is that stress of voice by which
+one or more _words_ of a sentence are distinguished above the rest.
+
+ACCENT.
+
+The accented syllable is sometimes designated thus: ('); as,
+_com-mand'-ment_.
+
+NOTE I.--Words of more than two syllables generally have two or more of
+them accented.
+
+The more forcible stress of voice, is called the _Primary Accent_; and
+the less forcible, the _Secondary Accent_.
+
+EXAMPLES OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY ACCENT.
+
+In the following examples the Primary Accent is designated by double
+accentual marks, thus:
+
+_Ed''-u-cate'_, _ed'-u-ca''-tion_, _mul''-ti-ply'_,
+_mul'-ti-pli-ca''-tion_, _sat''-is-fy'_, _sat'-is-fac''-tion_,
+_com'-pre-hend''_, _com'-pre-hen''-sion_, _rec'-om-mend''_,
+_rec'-om-mend-a''-tion_, _mo''-ment-a'-ry_, _com-mun''-ni-cate'_,
+_com'-pli-ment''-al_, _in-dem'-ni-fi-ca''-tion_,
+_ex'-tem-po-ra''-ne-ous_, _coun'-ter-rev'-o-lu''-tion-a-ry_.
+
+NOTE II.--The change of accent on the same word often changes its
+meaning.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+ col'-league, _a partner_.
+ col-league', _to unite with_.
+ con'-duct, _behavior_.
+ con-duct', _to lead_.
+ des'-cant, _a song or tune_.
+ des-cant', _to comment_.
+ ob'-ject, _ultimate purpose_.
+ ob-ject', _to oppose_.
+ in'-ter-dict, _a prohibition_.
+ in-ter-dict', _to forbid_.
+ o'ver-throw, _ruin; defeat_.
+ o-ver-throw', _to throw down_.
+
+NOTE III.--Emphatic words are often printed in _Italics_. When, however,
+different degrees of emphasis are to be denoted, the higher degrees are
+designated by the use of Capitals, LARGER or SMALLER, according to the
+degree of intensity.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. Our motto shall be, _our country_, OUR WHOLE COUNTRY, and NOTHING BUT
+OUR COUNTRY.
+
+2. _Thou Child of Joy!_ SHOUT round me: let me HEAR _thy shouts, thou
+happy Shepherd Boy!_
+
+3. Freedom calls you! _quick_, be ready,
+ Think of what your sires have done;
+ _Onward_, ONWARD! strong and steady,
+ Drive the tyrant to his den;
+ ON, and let the watchword be,
+ _Country_, HOME, and LIBERTY.
+
+NOTE IV.--Emphasis, as before intimated, varies in degrees of intensity.
+
+EXAMPLES OF INTENSIVE EMPHASIS.
+
+ 1. He shook the fragment of his blade,
+ And shouted: "VICTORY!
+ _Charge_, Chester, CHARGE! _On_, Stanley, ON!"
+
+ 2. A _month!_ O, for a single WEEK! I as not for _years'_, though an
+ AGE were _too little_ for the _much_ I have to do.
+
+ 3. _Now_ for the FIGHT! _now_ for the CANNON PEAL! ONWARD! through
+ _blood_, and _toil_, and _cloud_, and _fire!_ _Glorious_--the SHOUT,
+ the SHOCK, the CRASH of STEEL, The VOLLEY'S ROLL, the ROCKET'S
+ BLAZING SPIRE!
+
+ 4. Hear, O HEAVENS! and give ear, O EARTH!
+
+NOTE V.--Emphasis sometimes changes the seat of accent from its ordinary
+position.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+There is a difference between _pos'_sibility and _prob'_ability. And
+behold, the angels of God _as'_cending and _de'_scending on it. For this
+corruptible must put on _in'_corruption, and this mortal must put on
+_im'_mortality. Does his conduct deserve _ap'_probation or
+_rep'_robation?
+
+NOTE VI.--There are two kinds of Emphasis:--_Absolute_ and _Antithetic_.
+ABSOLUTE EMPHASIS is used to designate the important words of a
+sentence, without any direct reference to other words.
+
+EXAMPLES OF ABSOLUTE EMPHASIS.
+
+ 1. Oh, speak to passion's raging tide,
+ _Speak_ and _say_: "PEACE, BE STILL!"
+
+ 2. The UNION, it MUST and SHALL BE PRESERVED!
+
+ 3. HUSH! _breathe it not aloud_,
+ _The wild winds must not hear it! Yet, again_,
+ _I tell thee_--WE ARE FREE!
+ KNOWLES.
+
+ 4. When my country shall take her place among the nations of the
+ earth, THEN and not TILL then, let my epitaph be written.
+ EMMETT.
+
+ 5. If you are MEN, _follow_ ME! STRIKE DOWN _yon guard, and gain
+ the mountain passes._
+
+ 6. OH! _shame on us_, countrymen, SHAME _on us_ ALL,
+ If we CRINGE to so dastard a race.
+
+ 7. This doctrine _never was received_; it NEVER CAN, _by any_
+ POSSIBILITY, BE RECEIVED; and, if admitted at ALL, it _must be
+ by_ THE TOTAL SUBVERSION OF LIBERTY!
+
+ 8. Are you _Christians_, and, by upholding duelists, will you _deluge
+ the land with blood_, and _fill it with widows and orphans._
+ BEECHER.
+
+ 9. LIBERTY _and_ UNION, NOW _and_ FOREVER, ONE _and_ INSEPARABLE.
+ WEBSTER.
+
+ 10. _Treason!_ cried the speaker; _treason_, TREASON, TREASON,
+ reechoed from every part of the house.
+
+ 11. _The war is inevitable_,--and LET IT COME! I repeat it,
+ Sir,--LET IT COME!
+ PATRICK HENRY.
+
+ 12. Be we _men_,
+ And suffer such dishonor? MEN, and wash not
+ The stain away in BLOOD?
+ MISS MITFORD.
+
+ 13. O SACRED FORMS! how _proud_ you look!
+ How _high_ you lift your heads into the sky!
+ How _huge_ you are! how _mighty_ and how _free_!
+ KNOWLES.
+
+ 14. I shall know but _one_ country. The ends _I_ aim at, shall be "My
+ COUNTRY'S, my GOD'S, and TRUTH'S."
+ WEBSTER.
+
+NOTE VII.--ANTITHETIC EMPHASIS is that which is founded on the contrast
+of one word or clause with another.
+
+EXAMPLES OF ANTITHETIC EMPHASIS.
+
+ 1. The faults of _others_ should always remind us of our _own_.
+
+ 2. He desired to _protect_ his friend, not to _injure_ him.
+
+ 3. But _yesterday_, the word of Caesar might
+ Have stood against the world; _now_ lies he there,
+ And none so poor to do him reverence.
+ SHAKESPEARE.
+
+ 4. A _good name_ is rather to be chosen than _great riches_.
+ BIBLE.
+
+ 5. We can do nothing _against_ the truth; but _for_ the truth.
+ BIBLE.
+
+ 6. He that is _slow to anger_, is better than the _mighty_; and he
+ that _ruleth his spirit_, than he that _taketh a city_.
+ BIBLE.
+
+NOTE VIII.--The following examples contain two or more sets of
+Antitheses.
+
+ 1. _Just men_ are only _free_, the _rest_ are _slaves_.
+
+ 2. _Beauty_ is like the _flower of spring; virtue_ is like the
+ _stars of heaven_.
+
+ 3. _Truth_ crushed to earth shall _rise_ again,
+ The eternal years of God are hers;
+ But _error_, wounded, _writhes_ in pain,
+ And _dies_ amid her worshipers.
+ BRYANT.
+
+ 4. A _false balance_ is _abomination to the Lord_; but a _just
+ weight_ is _his delight_.
+ BIBLE.
+
+ 5. A _friend_ can not be _known_ in _prosperity;_ and an _enemy_
+ can not be _hidden_ in _adversity_.
+
+ 6. It is my _living sentiment_, and, by the blessing of God, it
+ shall be my _dying sentiment:_ INDEPENDENCE NOW, and INDEPENDENCE
+ FOREVER.
+ WEBSTER.
+
+ 7. We live in _deeds_, not _years_,--in _thoughts_, not _breaths_,--in
+ _feelings_, not in _figures on a dial_. We should count time by
+ _heart throbs_. He _most lives_, who THINKS THE MOST,--FEELS THE
+ NOBLEST,--ACTS THE BEST.
+
+ 8. _You_ have done the _mischief_, and _I_ bear the _blame_.
+
+ 9. The _wise man_ is happy when he gains his _own_ approbation;
+ the _fool_ when he gains that of _others_.
+
+ 10. We must hold _them_ as we hold the _rest_ of mankind--_enemies_
+ in _war_,--in _peace, friends_.
+ JEFFERSON.
+
+NOTE IX.--The sense of a passage is varied by changing the place of the
+emphasis.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+ 1. Has _James_ seen his brother to-day? No; but _Charles_ has.
+
+ 2. Has James _seen_ his brother to-day? No; but he has _heard_
+ from him.
+
+ 3. Has James seen _his_ brother to-day? No; but he saw _yours_.
+
+ 4. Has James seen his _brother_ to-day? No; but he has seen his
+ _sister_.
+
+ 5. Has James seen his brother _to-day_? No; but he saw him
+ _yesterday_.
+
+REMARK.--To determine the emphatic words of a sentence, as well as the
+_degree_ and _kind_ of emphasis to be employed, the reader must be
+governed wholly by the _sentiment_ to be expressed. The idea is
+sometimes entertained that emphasis consists merely in _loudness_ of
+tone. But it should be borne in mind that the most _intense_ emphasis
+may often be effectively expressed, even by a whisper.
+
+
+
+
+SECTION III.
+
+INFLECTIONS.
+
+INFLECTIONS are turns or slides of the voice, made in reading or
+speaking; as; Will you go to New [Transcriber's Note: Two missing lines
+in printing, page 25 in original.] or to [Transcriber's Note: Remainder
+of paragraph is missing.]
+
+All the various sounds of the human voice may be comprehended under the
+general appellation of _tones_. The principal modifications of these
+tones are the MONOTONE, the RISING INFLECTION, the FALLING INFLECTION,
+and the CIRCUMFLEX.
+
+ The Horizontal Line (--) denotes the Monotone.
+ The Rising Slide (/) denotes the Rising Inflection.
+ The Falling Slide (\) denotes the Falling Inflection.
+ The Curve (\_/) denotes the Circumflex.
+
+The MONOTONE is that sameness of sound, which arises from repeating the
+several words or syllables of a passage in one and the same general
+tone.
+
+REMARK.--The Monotone is employed with admirable effect in the delivery
+of a passage that is solemn or sublime.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. O thou that rollest above, round as the shield of my fathers: whence
+are thy beams, O sun, thy everlasting light? OSSIAN.
+
+2.
+ 'Tis midnight's holy hour, and silence now
+ Is brooding, like a gentle spirit, o'er
+ The still and pulseless world. Hark! on the winds
+ The bells' deep tones are swelling; 'tis the knell
+ Of the departed year.
+ PRENTICE.
+
+3. God came from Teman, and the Holy One from Mount Paran. Selah. His
+glory covered the heavens, and the earth was full of His praise.
+
+4. Before Him went the pestilence, and burning coals went forth at His
+feet. He stood and measured the earth: He beheld, and drove asunder the
+nations; and the everlasting mountains were scattered, the perpetual
+hills did bow: His ways are everlasting. BIBLE.
+
+5. The heavens declare the glory of God, and the firmament showeth His
+handy work. Day unto day uttereth speech, and night unto night showeth
+knowledge. There is no speech nor language, where their voice is not
+heard. ID.
+
+6.
+ How brief is life! how passing brief!
+ How brief its joys and cares!
+ It seems to be in league with time,
+ And leaves us unawares.
+
+7. The thunder rolls: be hushed the prostrate world,
+ While cloud to cloud returns the solemn hymn. THOMSON.
+
+REMARK.--The inappropriate use of the monotone,--a fault into which
+young people naturally fall,--is a very grave and obstinate error. It is
+always tedious, and often even ridiculous. It should be studiously
+avoided.
+
+The RISING INFLECTION is an upward turn, or slide of the voice, used in
+reading or speaking; as,
+
+ s?
+ n/
+ o/
+ s/
+ s/
+ é/
+ Are you prepared to recite your l/
+
+The FALLING INFLECTION is a downward turn, or slide of the voice, used
+in reading or speaking; as,
+
+ \d
+ \ò
+ \i
+ \n
+ What are you \g?
+
+In the falling inflection, the voice should not sink below the _general
+pitch_; but in the rising inflection, it is raised above it.
+
+The two inflections may be illustrated by the following diagrams:
+
+ 1.
+ \ì
+ \m
+ y, \p \p
+ l/ \r \r
+ t/ \u \ú
+ n/ \d \d
+ e/ \e \e
+ d/ \n \n
+ ú/ \t \t
+ r/ \l \l
+ Did he act p/ or \y? He acted \y.
+
+ 2.
+ \ù
+ \n
+ y, \w \w
+ l/ \i \i
+ g/ \l \l
+ n/ \l \l
+ i/ \i \í
+ l/ \n \n
+ l/ \g \g
+ í/ \l \l
+ Did they go w/ or \y? They went \y.
+
+ 3.
+ r,
+ e/
+ h/
+ g/
+ í/
+ If the flight of Dryden is h/ Pope continues longer on the
+
+ r,
+ e/
+ t/
+ h/
+ \w g/
+ \ì í/
+ \n r/
+ \g. If the blaze of Dryden's fire is b/ the heat of Pope's is
+
+ \c
+ \ò
+ \n
+ \s
+ \t
+ \a
+ \n
+ more regular and \t.
+
+ 4. Is honor's lofty soul forever fled'?
+ Is virtue lost'? Is martial ardor dead'?
+ Is there no heart where worth and valor dwell'?
+ No patriot WALLACE'? No undaunted TELL'?
+ Yes`, Freedom, yes`! thy sons, a noble band,
+ Around thy banner, firm, exulting stand`.
+
+REMARK.--The same _degree_ of inflection is not, at all times, used, or
+indicated by the notation. The due degree to be employed, depends on the
+_nature_ of what is to be expressed. For example; if a person, under
+great excitement, asks another:
+
+ t?
+ s
+ e
+ n
+ r
+ a
+ Are you in e the degree of inflection would be much greater,
+
+ t?
+ s
+ e
+ n
+ r
+ a
+ than if he playfully asks: Are you in e The former
+ inflection may be called _intensive_, the latter, _common_.
+
+
+
+
+RULES FOR THE USE OF INFLECTIONS.
+
+
+RULE I.
+
+Direct questions, or those which may be answered by _yes_ or _no_,
+usually take the rising inflection; but their answers, generally, the
+falling.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. Will you meet me at the depot'? Yes`; or, I will`.
+
+2. Did you intend to visit Boston'? No`; or, I did not`.
+
+3. Can you explain this difficult sentence'? Yes`; I can.
+
+4. Are they willing to remain at home'? They are`.
+
+5. Is this a time for imbecility and inaction'? By no means`.
+
+6. King Agrippa, believest thou the prophets'? I know that thou
+believest`.
+
+7. Were the tribes of this country, when first discovered, making any
+progress in arts and civilization'? By no means`.
+
+8. To purchase heaven has gold the power'?
+ Can gold remove the mortal hour'?
+ In life, can love be bought with gold'?
+ Are friendship's pleasures to be sold'?
+ No`; all that's worth a wish, a thought,
+ Fair virtue gives unbribed, unbought.
+
+9. What would content you`? Talents'? No`. Enterprise'? No`. Courage'?
+No`. Reputation'? No`. Virtue'? No`. The man whom you would select,
+should possess not one, but all of these`.
+
+NOTE I.--When the direct question becomes an appeal, and the reply to it
+is anticipated, it takes the intense _falling_ inflection.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. _Is_` he not a bold and eloquent speaker`?
+
+2. _Can_` such inconsistent measures be adopted`?
+
+3. _Did_` you ever hear of such cruel barbarities`?
+
+4. _Is_ this reason`? _Is_` it law`? _Is_ it humanity`?
+
+5. _Was_` not the gentleman's argument conclusive`?
+
+
+RULE II.
+
+Indirect questions, or those which can not be answered by _yes_ or _no_,
+usually take the _falling_ inflection, and their answers the same.
+
+1. How far did you travel yesterday`? Forty miles`.
+
+2. Which of you brought this beautiful bouquet`? Julia`.
+
+3. Where do you intend to spend the summer`? At Saratoga`.
+
+4. When will Charles graduate at college`? Next year`.
+
+5. What is one of the most delightful emotions of the heart`?
+Gratitude`.
+
+NOTE I.--When the indirect question is one asking a repetition of what
+was not, at first, understood, it takes the _rising_ inflection.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. When do you expect to return? Next week.
+ When_ did you say'? Next week.
+
+2. _Where_ did you say William had gone'? To New York.
+
+NOTE II.--Answers to questions, whether direct or indirect, when
+expressive of indifference, take the _rising_ inflection, or the
+circumflex.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. Did you admire his discourse? Not much'.
+
+2. Which way shall we walk? I am not particular'.
+
+3. Can Henry go with us? If he chooses'.
+
+4. What color do you prefer? I have no particular choice'.
+
+NOTE III.--In some instances, direct questions become indirect by a
+change of the inflection from the rising to the falling.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. Will you come to-morrow' or next day'? Yes.
+
+2. Will you come to-morrow,' or next day`? I will come to-morrow.
+
+REMARK.--The first question asks if the person addressed will _come_
+within the two days, and may be answered by _yes_ or _no_; but the
+second asks on _which_ of the two days he will come, and it can not be
+thus answered.
+
+
+RULE III.
+
+When questions are connected by the conjunction _or_, the first requires
+the _rising_, and the second, the _falling_ inflection.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. Does he study for amusement', or improvement`?
+
+2. Was he esteemed for his wealth', or for his wisdom`?
+
+3. Sink' or swim`, live' or die`, survive' or perish`, I give my hand
+and heart to this vote. WEBSTER.
+
+4. Is it lawful to do good on the Sabbath-days', or to do evil`? to save
+life', or to kill`?
+
+5. Was it an act of moral courage', or cowardice`, for Cato to fall on
+his sword`?
+
+
+RULE IV. Antithetic terms or clauses usually take opposite inflections;
+generally, the former has the _rising_, and the latter the _falling_
+inflection.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. If you seek to make one rich, study not to increase his stores' but
+to diminish his desires`.
+
+2. They have mouths',--but they speak not`:
+ Eyes have they',--but they see not`:
+ They have ears',--but they hear not`:
+ Noses have they',--but they smell not`:
+ They have hands',--but they handle not`:
+ Feet have they',--but they walk not`.
+ BIBLE.
+
+NOTE I.--When one of the antithetic clauses is a _negative_, and the
+other an _affirmative_, generally the negative has the _rising_, and
+the affirmative the _falling_ inflection.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. I said an elder soldier` not a better'.
+
+2. His acts deserve punishment` rather than commiseration'.
+
+3. This is no time for a tribunal of justice', but for showing mercy`;
+not for accusation', but for philanthropy`; not for trial', but for
+pardon`; not for sentence and execution', but for compassion and
+kindness`.
+
+
+RULE V. The Pause of Suspension, denoting that the sense is incomplete,
+usually has the _rising_ inflection.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. Although the fig tree shall not blossom', neither shall fruit be in
+the vine'; the labor of the olive shall fail', and the fields shall
+yield no meat'; the flocks shall be cut off from the fold', and there
+shall be no herd in the stalls'; yet will I rejoice in the Lord`, I will
+joy in the God of my salvation`. BIBLE.
+
+NOTE I.--The ordinary direct address, not accompanied with strong
+emphasis, takes the _rising_ inflection, on the principle of the pause
+of suspension.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. Men', brethren', and fathers', hear ye my defense which I make now
+unto you. BIBLE.
+
+2. Ye living flowers', that skirt the eternal frost'!
+ Ye wild goats', sporting round the eagle's nest'!
+ Ye eagles', playmates of the mountain storm'!
+ Ye lightnings', the dread arrows of the clouds'!
+ Ye signs' and wonders' of the elements'!
+ Utter forth GOD`, and fill the hills with praise`!
+ COLERIDGE.
+
+NOTE II.--In some instances of a pause of suspension, the sense requires
+an intense _falling_ inflection.
+
+EXAMPLE.
+
+1. The prodigal, if he does not become a _pauper_`, will, at least, have
+but little to bestow on others.
+
+REMARK.--If the _rising_ inflection is given on _pauper_, the sense
+would be perverted, and the passage made to mean, that, in order to be
+able to bestow on others, it is necessary that he should become a
+pauper.
+
+
+RULE VI. Expressions of tenderness, as of grief, or kindness, commonly
+incline the voice to the _rising_ inflection.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. Mother',--I leave thy dwelling';
+ Oh! shall it be forever'?
+ With grief my heart is swelling',
+ From thee',--from thee',--to sever'.
+
+2. O my son Absalom'! my son', my son Absalom'! Would God I had died for
+thee', Absalom', my son', my son'! BIBLE.
+
+
+RULE VII. The Penultimate Pause, or the last but one, of a passage, is
+usually preceded by the _rising_ inflection.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. Diligence`, industry`, and proper improvement of time', are material
+duties of the young`.
+
+2. These through faith subdued kingdoms`, wrought righteous-ness`,
+obtained promises`, stopped the mouths of lions`, quenched the violence
+of fire`, escaped the edge of the sword`, out of weakness were made
+strong`, waxed valiant in fight', turned to flight the armies of the
+aliens`.
+
+REMARK.--The rising inflection is employed at the penultimate pause in
+order to promote variety, since the voice generally falls at the end of
+a sentence.
+
+
+RULE VIII. Expressions of strong emotion, as of anger or surprise, and
+also the language of authority and reproach, are expressed with the
+_falling_ inflection.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. On YOU`, and on your CHILDREN`, be the peril of the innocent blood
+which shall be shed this day`.
+
+2. What a piece of workmanship is MAN`! How noble in REASON`! How
+infinite in FACULTIES`!
+
+3. O FOOLS`! and _slow of heart_ to believe all that the prophets have
+written concerning me`! BIBLE.
+
+4. HENCE`, HOME`, _you idle creatures_`, GET YOU HOME`, YOU BLOCKS`, YOU
+STONES`, YOU WORSE THAN USELESS THINGS`!
+
+5. Avaunt`! and quit my sight`! let the earth hide thee`! Thy bones are
+marrowless`; thou hast no speculation in thine eyes which thou dost
+glare` with. SHAKSPEARE.
+
+6. Slave, do thy office`! Strike`, as I struck the foe`!
+ Strike`, as I would have struck the tyrants`!
+ Strike deep as my curse`! Strike`, and but once`! ID.
+
+
+RULE IX. An emphatic succession of particulars, and emphatic repetition,
+require the _falling_ inflection.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. _Beware_` what earth calls happiness; BEWARE`
+ All joys but joys that never can expire`.
+
+2. A great mind`, a great heart`, a great orator`, a great career`, have
+been consigned to history`. BUTLER.
+
+REMARK.--The stress of voice on each successive particular, or
+repetition, should gradually be increased as the subject advances.
+
+The CIRCUMFLEX is a union of the two inflections on the same word,
+beginning either with the _falling_ and ending with the _rising_, or
+with the _rising_ and ending with the _falling_; as, If he goes to ____
+I shall go to ____.
+
+The circumflex is mainly employed in the language of irony, and in
+expressing ideas implying some condition, either expressed or
+understood.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. You, a beardless youth, pretend to teach a British general.
+
+2. What! shear a wolf? a prowling wolf?
+
+3. My father's trade? ah, really, that's too bad!
+ My father's trade? Why, blockhead, are you mad?
+ My father, sir, did never stoop so low,--
+ He was a gentleman, I'd have you know.
+
+4. What! confer a crown on the author of the public calamities?
+
+5. But you are very wise men, and deeply learned in the truth; we are
+weak, contemptible, mean persons.
+
+6. They pretend they come to improve our state, enlarge our thoughts,
+and free us from error.
+
+7. But youth, it seems, is not my only crime; I have been accused of
+acting a theatrical part.
+
+8. And this man has become a god and Cassius a wretched creature.
+
+
+
+
+SECTION IV.
+
+MODULATION.
+
+MODULATION implies those variations of the voice, heard in reading or
+speaking, which are prompted by the feelings and emotions that the
+subject inspires.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+EXPRESSIVE OF COURAGE AND CHIVALROUS EXCITEMENT.
+
+ FULL .- Once more unto the breach, dear friends, _once more_,
+ TONE '- Or close the wall up with our English dead!
+ MIDDLE .- In peace, there's nothing so becomes a man,
+ TONE '- As modest stillness and humility;
+ .- But when the blast of war blows in our ears,
+ SHORT | Then imitate the action of the tiger;
+ AND + Stiffen the sinews, summon up the blood,
+ QUICK '- Disguise fair nature with hard-favored rage.
+ .- _On_, ON, you noblest English,
+ HIGH | Whose blood is fetched from fathers of war-proof!
+ AND + _Fathers_, that, like so many Alexanders,
+ LOUD | Have, in these parts, from morn till even fought,
+ '- And sheathed their swords for lack of argument.
+ QUICK .- I see you stand like greyhounds in the slips,
+ AND | Straining upon the start. The game's afoot;
+ VERY + Follow your spirits, and, upon this charge,
+ LOUD '- CRY--HEAVEN FOR HARRY! ENGLAND! AND ST. GEORGE!
+
+ SHAKSPEARE.
+
+REMARK.--To read the foregoing example in one dull, monotonous tone of
+voice, without regard to the sentiment expressed, would render the
+passage extremely insipid and lifeless. But by a proper modulation of
+the voice, it infuses into the mind of the reader or hearer the most
+animating and exciting emotions.
+
+The voice is modulated in _three_ different ways. _First_, it is varied
+in PITCH; that is, from _high_ to _low_ tones, and the reverse.
+_Secondly_, it is varied in QUANTITY, or in _loudness_ or _volume_ of
+sound. _Thirdly_, it is varied in QUALITY, or in the _kind_ of sound
+expressed.
+
+
+PITCH OF VOICE.
+
+Pitch of voice has reference to its degree of elevation.
+
+Every person, in reading or speaking, assumes a certain pitch, which may
+be either _high_ or _low_, according to circumstances, and which has a
+governing influence on the variations of the voice, above and below it.
+This degree of elevation is usually called the KEY NOTE.
+
+As an exercise in varying the voice in pitch, the practice of uttering a
+sentence on the several degrees of elevation, as represented in the
+following scale, will be found beneficial. First, utter the musical
+syllables, then the vowel sound, and lastly, the proposed
+sentence,--ascending and descending.
+
+ ---------8.--do--#--_e_-in-m_e_.---Virtue alone survives.----
+ 7. si # _i_ in d_i_e. Virtue alone survives.
+ -------6.--la--#--_o_-in-d_o_.---Virtue alone survives.------
+ 5. sol # _o_ in n_o_. Virtue alone survives.
+ -----4.--fa--#--_a_-in-_a_t.---Virtue alone survives.--------
+ 3. mi # _a_-in _a_te. Virtue alone survives.
+ ---2.--re--#--_a_-in-f_a_r.--Virtue alone survives.----------
+ 1. do # _a_ in _a_ll. Virtue alone survives
+
+Although the voice is capable of as many variations in speaking, as are
+marked on the musical scale, yet for all the purposes of ordinary
+elocution, it will be sufficiently exact if we make but _three_ degrees
+of variation, viz., the _Low_, the _Middle_, and the _High_.
+
+1. THE LOW PITCH is that which falls below the usual speaking key, and
+is employed in expressing emotions of _sublimity_, _awe_, and
+_reverence_.
+
+EXAMPLE.
+
+ Silence, how dead! darkness, how profound!
+ Nor eye, nor list'ning ear, an object finds;
+ Creation sleeps. 'Tis as the general pulse
+ Of life stood still, and Nature made a pause.--
+ An awful pause! prophetic of her end.
+ YOUNG.
+
+2. THE MIDDLE PITCH is that usually employed in common conversation, and
+in expressing _unimpassioned thought_ and _moderate emotion_.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. It was early in a summer morning, when the air was cool, the earth
+moist, the whole face of the creation fresh and gay, that I lately
+walked in a beautiful flower garden, and, at once, regaled the senses
+and indulged the fancy. HERVEY.
+
+2.
+ "_I love to live_," said a prattling boy,
+ As he gayly played with his new-bought toy,
+ And a merry laugh went echoing forth,
+ From a bosom filled with joyous mirth.
+
+3. THE HIGH PITCH is that which rises above the usual speaking key, and
+is used in expressing _joyous_ and _elevated feelings_.
+
+EXAMPLE.
+
+ Higher, _higher_, EVER HIGHER,--
+ Let the watchword be "ASPIRE!"
+ Noble Christian youth;
+ Whatsoe'er be God's behest,
+ Try to do that duty best,
+ In the strength of Truth.
+ M.F. TUPPER.
+
+
+QUANTITY.
+
+QUANTITY is two-fold;--consisting in FULLNESS or VOLUME of sound, as
+_soft_ or _loud_; and in TIME, as _slow_ or _quick_. The former has
+reference to STRESS; the latter, to MOVEMENT.
+
+The degrees of variation in quantity are numerous, varying from a
+slight, soft whisper to a vehement shout. But for all practical
+purposes, they may be considered as _three_, the same as in pitch;--the
+_soft_, the _middle_, and the _loud_.
+
+For exercise in quantity, let the pupil read any sentence, as,
+
+ "Beauty is a fading flower,"
+
+first in a slight, soft tone, and then repeat it, gradually increasing
+in quantity to the full extent of the voice. Also, let him read it first
+very slowly, and then repeat it, gradually increasing the movement. In
+doing this, he should be careful not to vary the pitch.
+
+In like manner, let him repeat any vowel sound, or all of them, and also
+inversely. Thus:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Transcriber's Note: The illustration is a row of the letter "O,"
+increasing in size across the page, followed by a row of the letter "O"
+decreasing in size. The presumed intent is to convey loudness.]
+
+
+REMARK.--Quantity is often mistaken for Pitch. But it should be borne in
+mind that quantity has reference to _loudness_ or _volume_ of sound, and
+pitch to the _elevation_ or _depression_ of a tone. The difference may
+be distinguished by the slight and heavy strokes on a bell;--both of
+which produce sounds alike in _pitch_; but they differ in _quantity_ or
+_loudness_, in proportion as the strokes are light or heavy.
+
+
+RULES FOR QUANTITY.
+
+1. SOFT, OR SUBDUED TONES, are those which range from a whisper to a
+complete vocality, and are used to express _fear_, _caution_, _secrecy_,
+_solemnity_, and all _tender emotions_.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1.
+ We watched her breathing through the night,
+ Her breathing soft and low,
+ As in her breast the wave of life
+ Kept heaving to and fro. HOOD.
+
+2.
+ Softly, peacefully,
+ Lay her to rest;
+ Place the turf lightly,
+ On her young breast. D.E. GOODMAN.
+
+3.
+ The loud wind dwindled to a whisper low,
+ And sighed for pity as it answered,--"No."
+
+2. A MIDDLE TONE, or medium loudness of voice, is employed in reading
+_narrative_, _descriptive_, or _didactic sentences_.
+
+EXAMPLE.
+
+ I love my country's pine-clad hills,
+ Her thousand bright and gushing rills,
+ Her sunshine and her storms;
+ Her rough and rugged rocks that rear
+ Their hoary heads high in the air,
+ In wild fantastic forms.
+
+3. A LOUD TONE, or fullness and stress of voice, is used in expressing
+_violent passions_ and _vehement emotions_.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1.
+ STAND! _the ground's your own_, my braves,--
+ Will ye give it up to _slaves_?
+ Will ye look for _greener graves_?
+ Hope ye mercy still?
+ What's the mercy _despots_ feel?
+ Hear it in that _battle-peal_,--
+ Read it on yon bristling steel,
+ Ask it--_ye who will!_ PIERPONT.
+
+2.
+ "HOLD!" Tyranny cries; but their resolute breath
+ Sends back the reply: "INDEPENDENCE or DEATH!"
+
+
+QUALITY.
+
+QUALITY has reference to _the kind of sound_ uttered.
+
+Two sounds may be alike in quantity and pitch, yet differ in quality.
+The sounds produced on the clarinet and flute may agree in pitch and
+quantity, yet be unlike in quality. The same is true in regard to the
+tones of the voice of two individuals. This difference is occasioned
+mainly by the different positions of the vocal organs.
+
+The qualities of voice mostly used in reading or speaking, and which
+should receive the highest degree of culture, are the _Pure Tone_, the
+_Orotund_, the _Aspirated_, and the _Guttural_.
+
+RULES FOR QUALITY.
+
+1. THE PURE TONE is a clear, smooth, sonorous flow of sound, usually
+accompanied with the middle pitch of voice, and is adapted to express
+emotions of _joy, cheerfulness, love_, and _tranquillity_.
+
+EXAMPLE.
+
+ Hail! beauteous stranger of the wood,
+ Attendant on the spring,
+ Now heaven repairs thy vernal seat,
+ And woods thy welcome sing.
+
+2. THE OROTUND is a full, deep, round, and pure tone of voice,
+peculiarly adapted in expressing _sublime_ and _pathetic emotions_.
+
+EXAMPLE.
+
+ It thunders! Sons of dust, in reverence bow!
+ Ancient of Days! Thou speakest from above:
+ Almighty! trembling, like a timid child,
+ I hear thy awful voice. Alarmed--afraid--
+ I see the flashes of thy lightning wild,
+ And in the very grave would hide my head.
+
+3. THE ASPIRATED TONE of voice is not a pure, vocal sound, but rather a
+forcible breathing utterance, and is used to express _amazement, fear,
+terror, anger, revenge, remorse_, and _fervent emotions_.
+
+EXAMPLE.
+
+ Oh, coward conscience, how dost thou affright me!
+ The lights burn blue. It is now dead midnight;
+ Cold, fearful drops stand on my trembling flesh.
+
+4. THE GUTTURAL QUALITY is a deep, aspirated tone of voice, used to
+express _aversion, hatred, loathing_, and _contempt_.
+
+EXAMPLE.
+
+ Tell me I _hate_ the bowl?
+ HATE is a feeble word:
+ I _loathe_, ABHOR, my very soul
+ With strong disgust is stirred,
+ Whene'er I see, or hear, or tell,
+ Of the dark beverage of hell.
+
+
+NOTATION IN MODULATION.
+
+ (o) high.
+ (oo) high and loud.
+ ([o]) low.
+ ([oo]) low and loud.
+ (=) quick.
+ (_''_) short and quick.
+ (_sl_.) slow.
+ (_p_.) soft.
+ (_pp_.) very soft.
+ (_f_.) loud.
+ (_ff_.) very loud.
+ (_pl_.) plaintive.
+ (<) increase.
+ (>) decrease.
+
+EXAMPLES FOR EXERCISE IN MODULATION.
+
+
+ (_p_.) Soft is the strain when zephyr gently blows,
+ And the smooth stream in smoother numbers flows;
+ (_f_.) But when loud surges lash the sounding shore,
+ The hoarse rough verse should like the torrent roar.
+
+ (_sl_.) When Ajax strives some rock's vast weight to throw,
+ The line, too, labors, and the words move slow:
+ (=) Not so, when swift Camilla scours the plain,
+ Flies o'er the unbending corn, and skims along the main. POPE.
+
+
+ (o=) Go ring the bells and fire the guns,
+ And fling the starry banner out;
+ (_ff_.) Shout "FREEDOM" till your lisping ones
+ Give back the cradle shout. WHITTIER.
+
+
+ (_pl_.) "And now, farewell! 'Tis hard to give thee up,
+ With death so like a gentle slumber on thee!--
+ And thy dark sin!--oh! I could drink the cup
+ If from this woe its bitterness had won thee.
+ May God have called thee, like a wanderer, home,
+ My lost boy, Absalom!" WILLIS.
+
+
+ (_sl_.) The sun hath set in folded clouds,--
+ Its twilight rays are gone,
+ (o) And, gathered in the shades of night,
+ The storm is rolling on.
+ (_pl_.) Alas! how ill that bursting storm
+ (>) The fainting spirit braves,
+ (_p_.) When they,--the lovely and the lost,--
+ (_pl_.) Are gone to early graves!
+
+
+ (o) On! onward still! o'er the land he sweeps,
+ (>) With wreck, and ruin, and rush, and roar,
+ Nor stops to look back
+ On his dreary track
+ (_''_) But speeds to the spoils before. MISS J.H. LEWIS.
+
+
+From every battle-field of the revolution--from Lexington and Bunker
+Hill--from Saratoga and Yorktown--from the fields of Entaw--from the
+cane-brakes that sheltered the men of Marion--the repeated,
+long-prolonged echoes came up--(_f_.) "THE UNION: IT MUST BE PRESERVED"
+(<) From every valley in our land--from every cabin on the pleasant
+mountain sides--from the ships at our wharves--from the tents of the
+hunter in our westernmost prairies--from the living minds of the living
+millions of American freemen--from the thickly coming glories of
+futurity--the shout went up, like the sound of many waters,
+(_ff._) "THE UNION: IT MUST BE PRESERVED." BANCROFT.
+
+
+ (_p_.) Hark!
+ (_sl_.) Along the vales and mountains of the earth
+ ([o]) There is a deep, portentous murmuring,
+ (=) Like the swift rush of subterranean streams,
+ Or like the mingled sounds of earth and air,
+ When the fierce tempest, with sonorous wing,
+ Heaves his deep folds upon the rushing winds,
+ (<) And hurries onward, with his night of clouds,
+ Against the eternal mountains. 'Tis the voice
+ Of infant FREEDOM,--and her stirring call
+ Is heard and answered in a thousand tones
+ (<) From every hill-top of her western home;
+ And lo! it breaks across old Ocean's flood,--
+ (oo) And "FREEDOM! FREEDOM!" is the answering shout
+ Of nations, starting from the spell of years. G.D. PRENTICE.
+
+
+ (<) The thunders hushed,--
+ The trembling lightning fled away in fear,--
+ (_p._) The foam-capt surges sunk to quiet rest,--
+ The raging winds grew still,--
+ (_pp_.) There was a calm.
+ (o,o,) "Quick! Man the boat!" (=) Away they spring
+ The stranger ship to aid,
+ (_f_.) And loud their hailing voices ring,
+ As rapid speed they made.
+
+
+ (p) Hush! lightly tread! still tranquilly she sleeps;
+ I've watched, suspending e'en my breath, in fear
+ To break the heavenly spell. (_pp_.) Move silently.
+ Can it be?
+ Matter immortal? and shall spirit die?
+ Above the nobler, shall less nobler rise?
+ (<) Shall man alone, for whom all else revives,
+ No resurrection know? (o<) Shall man alone,
+ Imperial man! be sown in barren ground,
+ Less privileged than grain, on which he feeds? YOUNG.
+
+
+ (=) Away! away to the mountain's brow,
+ Where the trees are gently waving;
+ (_''_) Away! away to the vale below,
+ Where the streams are gently laving.
+
+
+ An hour passed on;--the Turk awoke;--
+ That bright dream was his last;--
+ He woke--to hear his sentry's shriek,
+ (oo) "To ARMS! they come! (_ff_.) THE GREEK! THE GREEK!"
+ (_pl_.) He woke to die, midst flame and smoke,
+ And shout, and groan, and sabre stroke,
+ And death shots falling thick and fast
+ As lightnings from the mountain cloud;
+ And heard, with voice as trumpet loud,
+ Bozzaris cheer his band;--
+ (oo) "_Strike_--till the last armed foe expires!
+ _Strike_--for your altars and your fires!
+ _Strike_--for the green graves of your sires!
+ God, and your native land!" HALLECK.
+
+
+ He said, and on the rampart hights arrayed
+ His trusty warriors, few, but undismayed;
+ (_sl_) Firm paced and slow, a horrid front they form,
+ (_pp_) Still as the breeze, ([oo]) but dreadful as the storm!
+ (_p_.) Low, murmuring sounds along their banners fly,
+ (_ff_.) REVENGE, or DEATH!--the watchword and reply;
+ (oo) Then pealed the notes, omnipotent to charm,
+ (_f_.) And the loud tocsin tolled their last alarm! CAMPBELL.
+
+
+ ([o]') His speech was at first low toned and slow. Sometimes
+ his voice would deepen, ([oo]) like the sound of distant
+ thunder; and anon, (_''_) his flashes of wit and enthusiasm
+ would light up the anxious faces of his hearers, (<) like the
+ far-off lightning of a coming storm.
+
+
+ (>) Receding now, the dying numbers ring
+ (_p_.) Fainter and fainter, down the rugged dell:
+ (_pp_.) And now 'tis silent all--enchantress, fare thee well.
+
+
+ (=) Oh, joy to the world! the hour is come,
+ When the nations to freedom awake,
+ When the royalists stand agape and dumb,
+ And monarchs with terror shake!
+ Over the walls of majesty,
+ "Upharsin" is writ in words of fire,
+ And the eyes of the bondmen, wherever they be,
+ Are lit with their wild desire.
+ (<) Soon, soon shall the thrones that blot the world,
+ Like the Orleans, into the dust be hurl'd,
+ And the world roll on, like a hurricane's breath,
+ Till the farthest nation hears what it saith.--
+ (_ff_.) "ARISE! ARISE! BE FREE!" T.B. READ.
+
+
+ (_p_.[o]) Tread softly--bow the head,--
+ In reverent silence bow,--
+ No passing bell doth toll,--
+ (_pl_.) Yet an immortal soul
+ Is passing now. MRS. SOUTHEY.
+
+
+(o[_f_].) SPEAK OUT, my friends; would you exchange it for the DEMON'S
+DRINK, (_ff_.) ALCOHOL? A _shout_, like the _roar_ of a tempest,
+answered, (oo) NO!
+
+
+ (oo) The combat deepens! (_ff_.) ON! YE BRAVE!
+ (=) Who rush to GLORY, (_p_.) or the GRAVE!
+ (_ff_.) WAVE, _Munich_, all thy banners WAVE!
+ And CHARGE with all thy CHIVALRY!
+ (_pl_.) Ah! few shall part where many meet!
+ The snow shall be their winding sheet,
+ And every turf beneath their feet
+ (_sl._[o]) Shall be a soldier's sepulcher! CAMPBELL.
+
+
+ (_sl_.) At length, o'er Columbus slow consciousness breaks,
+ (oo) "LAND! LAND!" cry the sailors; (_ff_.) "LAND! LAND!"--he
+ awakes,--
+ (_''_) He runs,--yes! behold it! it blesseth his sight!
+ THE LAND! _O, dear spectacle! transport! delight!_
+
+
+
+
+SECTION V.
+
+THE RHETORICAL PAUSE.
+
+RHETORICAL PAUSES are those which are frequently required by the voice
+in reading and speaking, although the construction of the passage admits
+of no grammatical point.
+
+These pauses should be as manifest to the ear, as those which are
+indicated by the comma, semicolon, or other grammatical points, though
+not commonly denoted by any visible sign. In the following examples they
+are denoted thus, (||).
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1.
+ In slumbers of midnight || the sailor-boy lay,
+ His hammock swung loose || at the sport of the wind;
+ But watch-worn and weary, || his cares flew away,
+ And visions of happiness || danced o'er his mind. DIMOND.
+
+2.
+ There is a land, || of every land the pride,
+ Beloved of heaven || o'er all the world beside;
+ Where brighter suns || dispense serener light,
+ And milder moons || imparadise the night.
+ O, thou shalt find, || howe'er thy footsteps roam,
+ That land thy country, || and that spot thy home!
+
+This pause is generally made before or after the utterance of some
+important word or clause on which it is especially desired to fix the
+attention. In such cases it is usually denoted by the use of the dash
+(--).
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. God said--"_Let there be light!_"
+
+2.
+ All dead and silent was the earth,
+ In deepest night it lay;
+ The Eternal spoke creation's word,
+ And called to being--Day!
+
+No definite rule can be given with reference to the length of the
+rhetorical, or grammatical pause. The correct taste of the reader or
+speaker must determine it. For the voice should sometimes be suspended
+much longer at the same pause in one situation than in another; as in
+the two following
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+LONG PAUSE.
+
+Pause a moment. I heard a footstep. Listen now. I heard it again; but it
+is going from us. It sounds fainter,--still fainter. It is gone.
+
+SHORT PAUSE.
+
+John, be quick. Get some water. Throw the powder overboard. "It can not
+be reached." Jump into the boat, then. Shove off. There goes the powder.
+Thank Heaven. We are safe.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+REMARKS TO TEACHERS.
+
+It is of the utmost importance, in order to secure an easy and elegant
+style in reading, to refer the pupil often to the more important
+principles involved in a just elocution. To this end, it will be found
+very advantageous, occasionally to review the rules and directions given
+in the preceding pages, and thus early accustom him to apply them in the
+subsequent reading lessons. For a wider range of examples and
+illustrations, it is only necessary to refer to the numerous and various
+exercises which form the body of this book. They have been selected, in
+many cases, with a special view to this object.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+PART SECOND.
+
+
+LESSON I.
+
+ HER' O ISM, bravery; courage.
+ MA LI'' CIOUS, ill disposed; resentful.
+ AM BI'' TION, eager desire.
+ SAR CAS' TIC, severe; cutting.
+ DE RIS' ION, ridicule.
+ CON FER' RED, bestowed.
+ RES' CU ED, saved; preserved.
+ DIS AS' TER, calamity.
+ IN CLIN' ED, disposed.
+ SYM' PA THY, fellow-feeling.
+ TEN' DER ED, offered.
+ A POL' O GY, excuse.
+
+
+TRUE HEROISM.
+
+OSBORNE.
+
+1. I shall never forget a lesson which I received when quite a young
+lad, while attending an Academy. Among my schoolmates were Hartly and
+Vincent. They were both older than myself, and Vincent was looked up to,
+as a sort of leader in matters of opinion, and in directing our sports.
+
+2. He was not, at heart, a malicious boy; but he had a foolish ambition
+of being thought witty and sarcastic; and he made himself feared by a
+habit of turning things into ridicule. He seemed to be constantly
+looking out for something to occur, which he could turn into derision.
+
+3. Hartly was a new scholar, and little was known of him among the boys.
+One morning as we were on our way to school, he was seen driving a cow
+along the road toward the pasture. A group of boys, among whom was
+Vincent, met him as he was passing.
+
+4. "Now," said Vincent, "let us have a little sport with our country
+rustic." So saying, he exclaimed: "Halloo, Jonathan! [Footnote: A title
+frequently applied to the Yankees by the English.] what is the price of
+milk? What do you feed her on? What will you take for all the gold on
+her horns? Boys, if you want to see the latest Paris style, look at
+those boots!"
+
+5. Hartly waved his hand at us with a pleasant smile, and, driving the
+cow to the field, took down the bars of a rail-fence, saw her safely in
+the pasture, and then, putting up the bars, came and entered the school
+with the rest of us. After school, in the afternoon, he let out the cow,
+and drove her away, none of us knew where. Every day, for two or three
+weeks, he went through the same task.
+
+6. The boys who attended the Academy, were nearly all the sons of
+wealthy parents, and some of them were foolish enough to look down, with
+a sort of disdain, upon a scholar who had to drive a cow to pasture; and
+the sneers and jeers of Vincent were often repeated.
+
+7. One day, he refused to sit next to Hartly in school, on a pretense
+that he did not like the odor of the barn. Sometimes he would inquire of
+Hartly after the cow's health, pronouncing the word "ke-ow," after the
+manner of some people.
+
+8. Hartly bore all these silly attempts to wound his feelings and annoy
+him, with the utmost good nature. He never once returned an angry look
+or word. One time, Vincent said: "Hartly, I suppose your father intends
+to make a milkman of you."
+
+9. "Why not?" said Hartly. "Oh, nothing," said Vincent; "only do not
+leave much water in the cans after rinsing them--that's all!" The boys
+laughed, and Hartly, not in the least mortified, replied: "Never fear;
+if I ever rise to be a milkman, I will give _good measure_ and _good
+milk_ too."
+
+10. A few days after this conversation, there was a public exhibition,
+at which a number of ladies and gentlemen from the city, was present.
+Prizes were awarded by the Principal of the Academy, and Hartly and
+Vincent each received one; for, in respect to scholarship, they were
+about equal.
+
+11. After the prizes were distributed, the Principal remarked that there
+was _one prize_, consisting of a medal, which was _rarely_ awarded, not
+so much on account of its great value, as because the instances are
+_rare_ that merit it. It is THE PRIZE FOR HEROISM. The last boy on whom
+it was conferred, was Master Manners, who, three years ago, rescued the
+blind girl from drowning.
+
+12. The Principal then said, "With the permission of the company, I will
+relate a short story. Not long since, some boys were flying a kite in
+the street, just as a poor boy on horseback rode by, on his way to mill.
+The horse took fright, and threw the boy, injuring him so badly that he
+was carried home, and confined for some weeks to his bed.
+
+13. "None of the boys who had caused the disaster, followed to learn the
+fate of the wounded boy. There was one, however, who witnessed the
+accident from a distance, and went to render what service he could. He
+soon learned that the wounded boy was the grandson of a poor widow,
+whose only support consisted in selling the milk of a fine cow, of which
+she was the owner.
+
+14. "Alas! what could she now do? She was old and lame, and her
+grandson, on whom she depended to drive the cow to pasture, was now sick
+and helpless. 'Never mind, good woman,' said the boy, 'I can drive your
+cow.' With thanks, the poor widow accepted his offer.
+
+15. "But the boy's kindness did not stop here. Money was wanted to
+purchase medicine. 'I have money that my mother sent me to buy a pair of
+boots,' said the boy; 'but I can do without them for the present.'
+
+16. "'Oh, no!' said the old lady, 'I can not consent to that; but here
+is a pair of cowhide boots that I bought for Henry, who can not wear
+them. If you will buy them, giving me what they cost, I can get along
+very well.' The boy bought the boots, clumsy as they were, and has worn
+them up to this time.
+
+17. "When the other boys of the Academy saw this scholar driving a cow
+to the pasture, he was assailed with laughter and ridicule. His thick
+cowhide boots, in particular, were made matters of mirth. But he kept on
+cheerfully and bravely, day after day, driving the widow's cow to the
+pasture, and wearing his thick boots, contented in the thought that he
+was _doing right_, not caring for all the jeers and sneers that could be
+uttered.
+
+18. "He never undertook to explain why he drove the cow; for he was not
+inclined to display his charitable motives, and besides, in heart, he
+had no sympathy with the false pride that looks with ridicule on any
+useful employment. It was by _mere accident_ that his course of conduct
+and self-denial, was yesterday discovered by his teacher.
+
+19. "And now, ladies and gentlemen, I appeal to you. Was there not _true
+heroism_ in this boy's conduct? Nay, Master Hartly, do not steal out of
+sight behind the blackboard! You were not ashamed of _ridicule_--you
+must not shun _praise. Come forth, come forth, Master Edward James
+Hartly, and let us see your honest face!_"
+
+20. As Hartly, with blushing cheeks, made his appearance, the whole
+company greeted him with a round of applause for his _heroic conduct_.
+The ladies stood upon benches, and waved their handkerchiefs. The old
+men clapped their hands, and wiped the moisture from the corners of
+their eyes. Those clumsy boots on Hartly's feet seemed prouder
+ornaments, than a crown would have been on his head. The medal was
+bestowed on him, amid the applause of the whole company.
+
+21. Vincent was heartily ashamed of his ill-natured sneers, and, after
+the school was dismissed, he went, with tears in his eyes, and tendered
+his hand to Hartly, making a handsome apology for his past ill manners.
+"Think no more about it," said Hartly; "let us all go and have a ramble
+in the woods, before we break up for vacation." The boys, one and all,
+followed Vincent's example, and then, with shouts and huzzas, they all
+set forth into the woods--a happy, cheerful group.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. In what way did Vincent try to make derision of Hartly?
+2. How did Hartly receive it? 3. For what did Hartly receive a prize
+from his teacher? 4. How did the spectators manifest their approbation
+of Hartly's conduct?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON II.
+
+ A VERT' ED, turned aside.
+ RE PENT' ANT, contrite; sorrowful.
+ SIN CERE', honest; true-hearted.
+ SE VERE', harsh; rigid
+ TAUNTS, scoffs; insults.
+ PLATE, dishes of gold or silverware.
+ DE SERT', forsake; abandon.
+ FAIL' URE, want of success.
+ SID' ING, taking part.
+ TYR' AN NY, oppression; cruelty.
+
+
+YOU AND I.
+
+CHARLES MACKAY.
+
+1. Who would scorn his humble fellow
+ For the coat he wears?
+ For the poverty he suffers?
+ For his daily cares?
+ Who would pass him in the foot-way
+ With averted eye?
+ Would you, brother'? No`,--you _would_ not.
+ If _you_ would,--not _I_.
+
+2. Who, when vice or crime repentant,
+ With a grief sincere,
+ Asked for pardon, would refuse it,
+ More than heaven severe?
+ Who, to erring woman's sorrow,
+ Would with taunts reply?
+ Would _you_, brother'! No`,--you _would_ not.
+ If _you_ would,--not _I_.
+
+3. Would you say that Vice is Virtue
+ In a hall of state'?
+ Or, that rogues are not dishonest
+ If they dine off plate'?
+ Who would say Success and Merit
+ Ne'er part company?
+ Would _you_, brother'? No`,--you _would_ not.
+ If _you_ would,--not _I_.
+
+4. Who would give a cause his efforts
+ When the cause is strong;
+ But desert it on its failure,
+ Whether right or wrong`?
+ Ever siding with the upmost,
+ Letting downmost lie?
+ Would _you_, brother'? No`,--you _would_ not.
+ If _you_ would,--not _I_.
+
+5. Who would lend his arm to strengthen
+ Warfare with the right`?
+ Who would give his pen to blacken
+ Freedom's page of light`?
+ Who would lend his tongue to utter
+ Praise of tyranny?
+ Would _you_, brother'? No`,--you _would_ not.
+ If _you_ would,--not _I_.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What rule for the rising and falling inflections, first
+verse? See page 28. 2. Repeat the rule. 3. What rule for the falling
+inflections, fifth verse? See page 29. 4. Repeat the rule. What is the
+meaning of the suffix _en_, in the words _strengthen_, _blacken?_ See
+SANDERS and McELLIGOTT'S ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH WORDS, p. 132, Ex. 174.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON III.
+
+ WAR' FARE, conflict; struggle.
+ CLUTCH ES, paws; firm grasp.
+ DO MIN' ION, rule; sway.
+ PIN' ION, wing; as of a bird.
+ PRE' CIOUS, costly; valuable.
+ SCOFF' ER, scorner.
+ VA' RI ED, changing; different.
+ WAVES, moves to and fro.
+ PRO PHET' IC, (_ph_ like _f_.) foretelling.
+ DE SPISE', scorn; disdain.
+ GOAL, the mark that bounds a race.
+ BECK' ON, motion; invite with the hand.
+
+
+LIFE'S WORK.
+
+1. _Life is onward:_ use it
+ With a forward aim;
+ Toil is heavenly: choose it,
+ And its warfare claim.
+ Look not to another
+ To perform your will;
+ Let not your own brother
+ Keep your warm hand still.
+
+2. _Life is onward:_ never
+ Look upon the past;
+ It would hold you ever
+ In its clutches fast.
+ _Now_ is your dominion;
+ Weave it as you please;
+ Bid not the soul's pinion
+ To a bed of ease.
+
+3. _Life is onward:_ try it,
+ Ere the day is lost;
+ It hath virtue: buy it,
+ At whatever cost.
+ If the World should offer
+ Every precious gem,
+ Look not at the scoffer,
+ Change it not for them.
+
+4. _Life is onward:_ heed it,
+ In each varied dress;
+ Your own _act_ can speed it
+ On to happiness.
+ His bright pinion o'er you
+ Time waves not in vain,
+ If Hope chant before you
+ Her prophetic strain.
+
+5. _Life is onward:_ prize it,
+ In sunshine and in storm;
+ Oh! do not despise it
+ In its humblest form.
+ Hope and Joy together,
+ Standing at the goal,
+ Through life's darkest weather
+ Beckon on the soul.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What do _it_ and _them_ refer to, third verse, last line?
+2. Repeat the word _sunshine_ several times in quick succession.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON IV.
+
+ AC CUS' TOM ED, used; habituated.
+ PLAN TA' TIONS, settlements.
+ PRO TEC' TION, safety; defense.
+ RE PROACH' FUL, reproving.
+ CAP' TUR ED, taken prisoners.
+ DE CID' ED, concluded.
+ COR O NET, little crown.
+ SA LUT' ED, greeted.
+ MON' ARCH, sovereign; ruler.
+ CON CEAL' ED, hid; secreted.
+ RE STOR' ED, brought back.
+ VI' O LENCE, outrage; wrong.
+ RE BUK' ED, reproved.
+ LEAGUE, compact; alliance.
+ TER' RI BLE, fearful; dreadful.
+ AT TEND' ANT, waiter; servant.
+
+
+THE YOUNG CAPTIVES.
+
+1. Many years ago, dining the early settlements in New England, the
+children were accustomed to gather large quantities of nuts, which grew
+in great abundance in the forests that surrounded their little
+plantations.
+
+2. In one of these nut-gatherings, a little boy and girl, the one eight
+and the other four years of age, whose mother was dead, became separated
+from their companions. On their way home, they came across some wild
+grapes, and were busily engaged in gathering them, till the last rays of
+the setting sun were fading away.
+
+3. Suddenly they were seized by two Indians. The boy struggled
+violently, and his little sister cried to him for protection; but in
+vain. The Indians soon bore them far beyond the bounds of the
+settlement. Night was far advanced before they halted. Then they kindled
+a fire, and offered the children some food.
+
+4. The heart of the boy swelled high with grief and anger, and he
+refused to eat. But the poor little girl took some parched corn from the
+hand of the Indian who held her on his knee. He smiled as he saw her eat
+the kernels, and look up in his face with a wondering, yet reproachful
+eye. Then they lay down to sleep in the dark forest, each with an arm
+over his little captive.
+
+5. Great was the alarm in the colony when these children did not return.
+Every spot was searched, where it was thought possible they might have
+lost their way. But when, at length, their little basket was found,
+overturned in a tangled thicket, they came to the conclusion that they
+must have been captured by the Indians.
+
+6. It was decided that before any warlike measures were adopted, the
+father should go peacefully to the Indian king, and demand his children.
+At the earliest dawn of morning he departed with his companions. They
+met a friendly Indian pursuing the chase, who consented to be their
+guide.
+
+7. They traveled through rude paths, until the day drew near a close.
+Then, approaching a circle of native dwellings, in the midst of which
+was a tent, they saw a man of lofty form, with a coronet of feathers
+upon his brow, and surrounded by warriors. The guide saluted him as his
+monarch, and the bereaved father, bowing down, thus addressed him:
+
+8. "King of the red men, thou seest a father in pursuit of his lost
+children. He has heard that your people will not harm the stranger in
+distress. So he trusts himself fearlessly among you. The king of our own
+native land, who should have protected us, became our foe. We fled from
+our dear homes--from the graves of our fathers.
+
+9. "The ocean wave brought us to this New World. We are a peaceful race,
+pure from the blood of all men. We seek to take the hand of our red
+brethren. Of my own kindred, none inhabit this wilderness, save two
+little buds, from a broken, buried stem.
+
+10. "Last night, sorrow entered into my soul, because I found them not.
+Knowest thou, O king, if thy people have taken my children'? Knowest
+thou where they have concealed them'? Cause them, I pray thee, to be
+restored to my arms. So shall the Great Spirit bless thy own tender
+plants, and lift up thy heart when it weigheth heavily on they bosom."
+
+11. The Indian monarch, fixing on him a piercing glance, said: "Knowest
+thou me'? Look in my eyes`! Look`! Answer me`! Are they the eyes of a
+stranger`!" The bereaved father replied that he had no recollection of
+having ever before seen his countenance.
+
+12. "Thus it is with the white man. He is dim-eyed. He looketh on the
+_garments_ more than on the _soul_. Where your plows turn up the earth,
+oft have I stood watching your toil. There was no coronet on my brow.
+But I was king. And you knew it not.
+
+13. "I looked upon your people. I saw neither pride nor violence. I went
+an _enemy_, but returned a _friend_. I said to my warriors, 'Do these
+men no harm. They do not hate Indians.' Then our white-haired prophet of
+the Great Spirit rebuked me. He bade me make no league with the pale
+faces, lest angry words should be spoken of me, among the shades of our
+buried kings.
+
+14. "Yet, again, I went where thy brethren have reared their dwellings.
+Yes; I entered thy house. _And thou knowest not this brow'?_ I could
+tell _thine_ at midnight, if but a single star trembled through the
+clouds. My ear would know _thy_ voice, though the storm was abroad with
+all its thunders.
+
+15. "I have said that I was king. Yet I came to thee hungry, and thou
+gavest me bread. My head was wet with the tempest. Thou badest me lie
+down on thy couch, and thy son, for whom thou mournest, covered me.
+
+16. "I was sad in spirit, and thy little daughter, whom thou seekest
+with tears, sat on my knee. She smiled when I told her how the beaver
+buildeth his house in the forest. My heart was comforted, for I saw that
+she did not hate Indians.
+
+17. "Turn not on me such a terrible eye. I am no stealer of babes. I
+have reproved the people who took thy children. I have sheltered them
+for thee. Not a hair of their head is hurt. Thinkest thou that the red
+man can forget kindness'? They are sleeping in my tent. Had I but a
+single blanket, it should have been their bed. Take them, and return
+unto thy people."
+
+18. He waved his hand to an attendant, and, in a moment, the two
+children were in the arms of their father. The white men were kindly
+sheltered for that night, and, the next day, they bore the children to
+their home, and the people rejoiced at their safe return.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. By whom wore those children taken captive? 2. Who went in
+search of them? 3. What did he say to the king of the tribe? 4. What
+reply did the Indian monarch make? 5. Were the children restored to
+their father? 6. What is meant by the _New World_, 9th paragraph? 7.
+What by _two little buds, from a broken, buried stem_, same paragraph?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON V.
+
+ IM' AGE. form; likeness.
+ ELAPS' ED, glided away.
+ WAY' WARD NESS, perverseness.
+ SHUD' DER ING, chilling tremor.
+ PAS' SION ATE, easily excited to anger.
+ MAS' TER Y, rule; sway.
+ HEAD' STRONG, stubborn; obstinate.
+ UN DER WENT', experienced.
+ AF FEC' TION, love; attachment.
+ THRESH' OLD, entrance.
+ ANX I' E TY, care; solicitude.
+ PER PET' U AL, continual.
+
+
+MY MOTHER'S LAST KISS.
+
+MRS. E. OAKES SMITH.
+
+1. I was but five years old when my mother died; but her image is as
+fresh in my mind, now that twenty years have elapsed, as it was at the
+time of her death. I remember her, as a pale, gentle being, with a sweet
+smile, and a voice soft and cheerful when she praised me; and when I had
+erred, (for I was a wild, thoughtless child,) there was a mild and
+tender earnestness in her reproofs, that always went to my little heart.
+
+2. Methinks I can now see her large, blue eyes moist with sorrow,
+because of my childish waywardness, and hear her repeat: "My child, how
+can you grieve me so?" She had, for a long time, been pale and feeble,
+and sometimes there would come a bright spot on her cheek, which made
+her look so lovely, I thought she must be well. But then she spoke of
+dying, and pressed me to her bosom, and told me to be good when she was
+gone, and to love my father, and be kind to him; for he would have no
+one else to love.
+
+3. I recollect she was ill all day, and my little hobbyhorse and whip
+were laid aside, and I tried to be very quiet. I did not see her for the
+whole day, and it seemed very long. At night, they told me my mother was
+too sick to kiss me, as she always had done before I went to bed, and I
+must go without it. But I could not. I stole into the room, and placing
+my lips close to hers, whispered: "Mother, dear mother, won't you kiss
+me?"
+
+4. Her lips were very cold, and when she put her hand upon my cheek, and
+laid my head on her bosom, I felt a cold shuddering pass all through me.
+My father carried me from the room; but he could not speak. After they
+put me in bed, I lay a long while thinking; I feared my mother would,
+indeed, die; for her cheek felt cold, as my little sister's did when she
+died, and they carried her little body away where I never saw it again.
+But I soon fell asleep.
+
+5. In the morning I rushed to my mother's room, with a strange dread of
+evil to come upon me. It was just as I feared. A white linen covered her
+straight, cold form. I removed it from her face: her eyes were closed,
+and her cheeks were hard and cold. But my mother's dear, dear smile was
+there, or my heart would have broken.
+
+6. In an instant, all the little faults, for which she had so often
+reproved me, rushed upon my mind. I longed to tell her how good I would
+always be, if she would but stay with me. I longed to tell her how, in
+all time to come, her words would be a law to me. I would be all that
+she had wished me to be.
+
+7. I was a passionate, headstrong boy; and never did this frame of
+temper come upon me, but I seemed to see her mild, tearful eyes full
+upon me, just as she used to look in life; and when I strove for the
+mastery over my passions, her smile seemed to cheer my heart, and I was
+happy.
+
+8. My whole character underwent a change, even from the moment of her
+death. Her spirit seemed to be always with me, _to aid the good_ and
+_root out the evil_ that was in me. I felt it would grieve her gentle
+spirit to see me err, and I _could not_, _would not_, do so.
+
+9. I was the child of her affection. I knew she had prayed and wept over
+me; and that even on the threshold of the grave, her anxiety for my
+welfare had caused her spirit to linger, that she might pray once more
+for me. I never forgot my mother's last kiss. It was with me in sorrow;
+it was with me in joy; it was with me in moments of evil, like a
+perpetual good.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What was the age of the person represented in this piece?
+2. What, when his mother died? 3. What did he say of himself when a
+child? 4. Had he ever grieved his mother? 5. What did he say of his
+_faults_, after his mother's death? 6. What did he desire to tell her?
+7. How ought you to treat your mother, in order to avoid the reproaches
+of your own conscience?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON VI.
+
+ SUR PRISE', amazement.
+ PER' ISH ED, died.
+ STINT' ED, small of size.
+ STERN, severe; harsh; rigid.
+ LOI' TER, linger; tarry.
+ STAG' GER ED, reeled to and fro.
+ FORD' ED, waded.
+ ES CAP ED, fled from.
+
+
+THE DEAD CHILD'S FORD.
+
+MRS. E. OAKES SMITH.
+
+1. "Dear mother, here's the _very_ place
+ Where little John was found,
+ The water covering up his face,
+ His feet upon the ground.
+ Now won't you tell me _all about_
+ The death of little John'?
+ And how the woman sent him out
+ Long after sun was down'?
+ And tell me _all about the wrong_,
+ And _that_ will make the story long."
+
+2. I took the child upon my knee
+ Beside the lake so clear;
+ For _there_ the tale of misery
+ Young Edward begged to hear
+ He looked into my _very_ eyes,
+ With sad and earnest face,
+ And caught his breath with wild surprise,
+ And turned to mark the place
+ Where _perished_, years agone, the child
+ Alone, beneath the waters wild.
+
+3. "A weakly orphan boy was John,
+ A barefoot, stinted child,
+ Whose work-day task was never done,
+ Who wept when others smiled.
+ Around his home the trees were high,
+ Down to the water's brink,
+ And almost hid the pleasant sky,
+ Where wild deer came to drink."
+('') "And did they come, the pretty deer'?
+ And did they drink the water here'?"
+
+4. Cried Edward, with a wondering eye:
+ "Now, mother, tell to me,
+ Was John about as _large_ as I'?
+ Pray tell, how _big_ was he'?"
+ "He was an _older_ boy than _you_,
+ And _stouter_ every way;
+ For, water from the well he drew,
+ And hard he worked all day.
+ But then poor John was sharp and thin,
+ With sun-burnt hair and sun-burnt skin.
+
+5. "His mother used to spin and weave;
+ From farm to farm she went;
+ And, though it made her much to grieve,
+ She John to service sent.
+ He lived with one, a woman stern,
+ Of hard and cruel ways;
+ And he must bring her wood to burn,
+ From forest and highways;
+ And then, at night, on cold, hard bed,
+ He laid his little, aching head.
+
+6. "The weary boy had toiled all day
+ With heavy spade and hoe;
+ His mistress met him on the way,
+ And bade him quickly go
+ And bring her home some sticks of wood,
+ For she would bake and brew;
+ When he returned, she'd give him food;
+ For she had much to do.
+ And then she charged him not to stay,
+ Nor loiter long upon the way.
+
+7. "He went; but scarce his toil-worn feet
+ Could crawl along the wood,
+ He was so spent with work and heat,
+ And faint for lack of food.
+ He bent his aching, little back
+ To bear the weight along,
+ And staggered then upon the track;
+ For John was _never_ strong;
+ His eyesight, too, began to fail,
+ And he grew giddy, faint, and pale.
+
+8. "The load was small, _quite_ small, 'tis true,
+ But John could bring no more;
+ The woman in a rage it threw,--
+ She stamped upon the floor.
+(_f_.) 'No supper you shall have to-night;
+ So go along to bed,
+ You good-for-nothing, ugly fright,
+ You little stupid-head!'"
+ Said Edward: "_I_ would _never_ go;
+ She wouldn't _dare_ to serve _me_ so!"
+
+9. "The moon-beams fell upon the child
+ As, weeping, there he lay;
+ And gusty winds were sweeping wild
+ Along the forest way,
+ When up rose John, at dead of night;
+ For he would see his mother;
+ _She_ loved her child, although _he_ might
+ Be _nothing_ to another.
+ That narrow creek he forded o'er,--
+ 'Tis nearer than around the shore.
+
+10. "But here the shore is rough, you see;
+ The bank is high and steep;
+ And John, who climbed on hands and knee,
+ His footing could not keep.
+ He backward fell, all, all alone;
+ Too weak was he to rise;
+(_pl._) And no one heard his dying moan,
+ Or closed his dying eyes.
+ How still he slept! And grief and pain
+ Could never come to him again.
+
+11. "A stranger, passing on his way,
+ Found him, as you have said;
+ His feet were out upon the clay,
+ The water o'er his head.
+ And then his foot-prints showed the path
+ He took, adown the creek,
+ When he escaped the woman's wrath,
+ So hungry, faint, and weak.
+ And people now, as you have heard,
+ Do call the place, THE DEAD CHILD'S FORD."
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Was John an orphan, or half orphan? 2. Was he drowned at
+night, or in the daytime? 8. By whom was he found? 4. What is the place
+called where he was drowned? 5. Give the rule for the rising
+inflections, as marked in the 1st, 2d, and 4th verses. 6. Why are there
+no quotation marks at the beginning of the 2d verse? 7. Why are half
+quotations used in the 3d and 8th verses? 8. How should a part of the
+8th and 10th verses be read, according to the notation marks? See page
+41.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON VII.
+
+ EX CLAIM' ED, cried out.
+ DE MAND' ING, asking; requiring.
+ A MISS', wrong; improperly.
+ AC CUS' ED, charged with.
+ BREACH, violation.
+ VIS' ION, sight; view.
+ DE SCRIP' TION, account.
+ SLUG' GARD, lazy person.
+
+
+LAME AND LAZY,--A FABLE.
+
+[Footnote: For an explanation of the term fable, see page 236.]
+
+1. Two beggars, LAME and LAZY, were in want of bread. _One_ leaned on
+his crutch, the _other_ reclined on his couch. Lame called on Charity,
+and humbly asked for a _cracker_. Instead of a cracker, he received a
+_loaf_.
+
+2. Lazy, seeing the gift of Charity, exclaimed: "What`! ask a _cracker_
+and receive a _loaf'_? Well, I will ask a loaf." Lazy now applied to
+Charity, and called for a loaf of bread. "Your demanding a loaf," said
+Charity, "proves you a _loaf_-er. You are of that class and character
+who _ask_ and _receive not_; because you ask amiss."
+
+3. Lazy, who always found fault, and had rather whine than work,
+complained of _ill-treatment_, and even accused Charity of a breach of
+an exceeding great and precious promise: "Ask, and ye shall receive."
+
+4. Charity pointed him to a painting in her room, which presented to his
+vision three personages, Faith, Hope and Charity. Charity appeared
+larger and fairer than her sisters. He noticed that her right hand held
+a pot of honey, which fed a bee disabled, having lost its wings. Her
+left hand was armed with a whip to keep off the drones.
+
+5. "I do not understand it," said Lazy. Charity replied: "It means that
+Charity _feeds_ the lame, and _flogs_ the lazy." Lazy turned to go.
+"Stop," said Charity, "instead of _coin_, I will give you _counsel_. Do
+not go and live on your poor mother; I will send you to a _rich ant_."
+
+6. "_Rich aunt'_?" echoed Lazy. "Where shall I find her'?" "You will
+find a description of her," replied Charity, "in Proverbs, sixth
+chapter, sixth, seventh, and eighth verses, which read as follows: 'Go
+to the ant, thou sluggard; consider her ways, and be wise; which, having
+no guide, overseer, or ruler, provided her meat in summer, and gathereth
+her food in the harvest.'"
+
+7. MORAL. Instead of waiting and wishing for a rich UNCLE to _die_, go
+and see how a rich ANT _lives_.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Where is the quotation in the 3d paragraph to be found?
+Answer. John, 16th chapter, 24th verse. 2. Where, the quotation in the
+sixth paragraph? 3. Why does it commence with a half quotation? Answer.
+Because it denotes a quotation within a quotation.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON VIII.
+
+ HAUGH'TY, proud; disdainful.
+ PAR TIC' U LAR LY, especially.
+ TRANS ACT', do; perform.
+ A BASH' ED, confused.
+ DIS COV' ER, find out.
+ EX AM' INE (_egz am' in_), look over; inspect.
+ REC' TI FY, correct; make right.
+ REC' OM PENSE, reward.
+ DE SERVES', merits.
+ DE CLIN' ING, failing.
+ PRE VENT' ED, hindered.
+ AP PRO BA' TION, approval.
+ PRE'CEPTS, instructions; counsels.
+ BEN E FAC' TOR, friend; one that benefits.
+ A MASS' ED, gathered.
+ A DAPT' ED, suited.
+ CON FI DEN' TIAL, trusty; trusted.
+ IN TEG' RI TY, honesty.
+
+
+FAITHFULNESS IN LITTLE THINGS.
+
+ELIZA A. CHASE.
+
+1. "Is Mr. Harris in'?" inquired a plainly, but neatly dressed boy,
+twelve or thirteen years of age, of a clerk, as he stood by the counter
+of a large bookstore.
+
+The clerk regarded the boy with a haughty look, and answered: "Mr.
+Harris is in; but he is engaged."
+
+2. The boy looked at the clerk hesitatingly, and then said: "If he is
+not particularly engaged, I would like to see him."
+
+"If you have any business to transact, _I_ can attend to it," replied
+the clerk. "Mr. Harris can not be troubled with boys like you."
+
+3. "What is this, Mr. Morley?" said a pleasant-looking man, stepping up
+to the clerk; "what does the boy want?"
+
+"He insisted on seeing you, though I told him you were engaged,"
+returned the clerk, a little abashed by the manner of his employer.
+
+4. "And what do you wish to see me about, my lad?" inquired Mr. Harris,
+kindly.
+
+The boy raised his eyes, and, meeting the scornful glance of the clerk,
+said timidly: "I wish you to look at the bill of some books which I
+bought here, about three months since. There is a mistake in it, which I
+wish to correct."
+
+5. "Ah, my boy, I see," replied Mr. Harris; "you have _overpaid_ us, I
+suppose!"
+
+"No, sir," answered the boy. "On the contrary, I purchased some books
+which are _not charged_ in the bill, and I have called to pay for them."
+
+6. Mr. Harris looked at the boy earnestly for a moment, and then asked:
+"When did you discover this mistake?"
+
+"Not until I reached home," replied the lad. "When I paid for the books
+I was in a great hurry, fearing the boat would leave before I could
+reach it, and I did not examine the bill."
+
+7. "Why did you not return before, and rectify the mistake?" asked the
+gentleman, in a tone slightly altered.
+
+"Because, sir, I live some distance from the city, and have not been
+able to return till now."
+
+8. "My dear boy," said Mr. Harris, "you have given me great pleasure. In
+a long life of mercantile business, I have never met with an instance of
+this kind before. You have _acted nobly_ and deserve a recompense."
+
+"I ask no recompense," returned the boy. "_I have done nothing but my
+duty_--a simple act of justice, and that deserves no reward, but
+itself."
+
+9. "May I ask who taught you such noble principles'?" inquired Mr.
+Harris.
+
+"My mother'," answered the boy, bursting into tears.
+
+10. "Blessed is the child who has such a mother," said Mr. Harris, "and
+blessed is the mother of such a child. Be faithful to her teachings, my
+dear boy, and you will be the staff of her declining years."
+
+"Alas, sir," said the boy, "my mother is dead! It was her sickness and
+death which prevented me from coming here before."
+
+11. "What is your name?" inquired Mr. Harris.
+
+"Edward Delong."
+
+"Have you a father living'?"
+
+"No, sir. My father died when I was an infant."
+
+12. "Where do you reside?"
+
+"In the town of Linwood, about fifty miles from this city."
+
+"Well, my boy, what are the books which were forgotten?"
+
+"Tacitus and a Latin Dictionary."
+
+13. "Let me see the bill. Ha! signed by A. C. Morley. I will see to
+that. Here, Mr. Morley!" called Mr. Harris; but the clerk was busily
+engaged in waiting on a customer at the opposite side of the store,
+bowing and smiling in the most attentive manner.
+
+14. "Edward," continued Mr. Harris, "I am not going to _reward_ you for
+what you have done; but I wish to manifest my approbation of your
+conduct in such a manner, as to make you remember the wise and excellent
+precepts of your departed mother. Select from my store any ten books you
+choose, which, in addition to the two you had before, shall be a
+_present_ to you; and henceforth, as now, my boy, remember and not
+'despise the day of small things.' If ever you need a friend, call on
+me, and I will assist you."
+
+15. The grateful boy thanked his kind benefactor, and, with tears in his
+eyes, bowed and left the store.
+
+Edward Delong wished for knowledge, and, though the scanty means left
+him by his mother, could hardly satisfy his desire, by diligence and
+economy he had advanced far beyond most boys of his age. By working
+nights and mornings for a neighbor, he had amassed, what seemed to him,
+a large sum of money, and this was expended in books.
+
+16. Edward's home was now with a man who regarded money as the chief end
+and aim of life, and severe and constant physical labor as the only
+means of obtaining that end. For two years Edward struggled with his
+hopeless condition, toiling early and late to obtain a livelihood.
+
+17. Edward now resolved to go to the city, to seek some employment,
+better adapted to promote his education. He entered the same store where
+he purchased the books, and inquired for Mr. Harris.
+
+"He is engaged," replied the polite clerk. "If you will wait a moment,
+he will be at liberty."
+
+18. "Did you wish to see me?" asked Mr. Harris of the boy, whose
+thoughts were so intense that he had not noticed the approach of his
+friend.
+
+"Mr. Harris!" exclaimed Edward, and it was all he could say. For the
+remembrance of past favors bestowed on him by his kind benefactor, so
+filled his heart with gratitude, that further utterance was denied.
+
+"My noble Edward!" said the old gentleman. "And so you needed a friend.
+Well, you shall have one."
+
+19. Five years from that time, Edward Delong was the confidential clerk
+of Mr. Harris, and, in three more, a partner in the firm. The integrity
+of purpose, which first won the regard of his benefactor, was his guide
+in after life. Prosperity crowned his efforts, and happiness blessed his
+heart,--the never-failing result of _faithfulness in little things_.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Why did Edward Delong wish to see Mr. Harris? 2. Had he
+overpaid for the books he purchased? 3. What did he say when Mr. Harris
+told him he deserved a recompense? 4. What books were not charged in the
+bill? 5. In what way did Mr. Harris manifest his approval of Edward's
+conduct? 6. How long after this, before he again called on Mr. Harris?
+7. Why could he not, at first, talk with Mr. Harris? 8. What did Edward
+finally become?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON IX.
+
+ GRACE' FUL LY, beautifully.
+ PROUD' LY, splendidly.
+ FOR' EIGN (_for' en_), distant.
+ CLIMES, countries; regions.
+ SYM' BOL, sign; emblem.
+ FEAR' FUL, dreadful; terrible.
+ CAN' NON RY, discharge of cannon.
+ JU' BI LEE, season of public joy.
+ WIT' NESS ED, seen; beheld.
+ NA' TIVE, birth-giving.
+ BOON, gift; blessing.
+ PAR' A DISE, blissful abode.
+
+
+THE AMERICAN BOY.
+
+
+SON.
+
+Father, look up, and see that flag!
+ How gracefully it flies!
+Those pretty stripes, they seem to be
+ A rainbow in the skies.
+
+FATHER.
+
+It is your country's flag, my boy,
+ And proudly drinks the light,
+O'er ocean's wave, in foreign climes,
+ A symbol of our might.
+
+SON.
+
+Father, what fearful noise is that,
+ Now thundering in the clouds?
+Why do they, cheering, wave their hat,
+ And rush along in crowds?
+
+FATHER.
+
+It is the voice of cannonry,
+ The glad shouts of the free;
+This is a day of memory,
+ 'Tis FREEDOM'S JUBILEE!
+
+SON.
+
+I wish that _I_ was now a man,
+_I'd free my country_ too,
+And cheer as loudly as the rest;
+ But, father, why don't _you_?
+
+FATHER.
+
+I'm getting old and weak; but still
+ My heart is big with joy;
+I've witnessed many a day like this,
+ Shout you aloud, my boy!
+
+SON.
+
+(oo) HURRAH, FOR FREEDOM'S JUBILEE,
+ God bless our native land!
+And may _I_ live to hold the boon
+ Of _freedom_ in my hand.
+
+FATHER.
+
+Well done, my boy, grow up, and love
+ The land that gave you birth,--
+A land where Freedom loves to dwell,--
+ A paradise on earth.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Of what is our flag a symbol? 2. What is meant by
+_Freedom's jubilee_? 3. What is the use of the apostrophes in the words
+_I'd_, _I'm_, _I've_, &c.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON X.
+
+ BIL' LOWS, waves; surges.
+ DE LIGHT', joy; pleasure.
+ DOOM, fate; end.
+ TWINK' LES, sparkles.
+ GLARE, bright, dazzling light.
+ EX PANSE', surface; extent.
+ SWEEP, pass or drive over.
+ RIFE, filled; abounding.
+ VOY' AGE, passage; journey.
+ AN' CHOR ED, moored; fixed.
+ HA' VEN, harbor.
+ PEACE' FUL LY, quietly; calmly.
+
+
+THE SAILOR BOY'S SONG.
+
+WRITTEN BY A GIRL THIRTEEN YEARS OF AGE.
+
+1.
+ (_''_) Oh! the sea, the sea
+ Is the place for me,
+ With its billows blue and bright;
+ I love its roar,
+ As it breaks on the shore,
+ And its danger to me is delight.
+
+2.
+ Oh! I love the wave,
+ And the sailor brave,
+ Who often meets his doom
+ On the ocean vast,
+ And sleeps his last
+ In a shell and coral tomb.
+
+3.
+ And, in the night,
+ The moon's soft light
+ Smiles sweetly on the foamy billow:
+ And many a star,
+ As it twinkles afar,
+ Seems to rise from a watery pillow.
+
+4.
+ In the noontide glare,
+ Oh! bright and fair
+ Is the wide expanse of ocean;
+ In the morn's first light
+ 'Tis a glorious sight,
+ So full of life and motion.
+
+5.
+ When the tempests sweep
+ The rolling deep,
+ And the angry billows swell,
+ I mind not the strife,
+ Which to me is rife
+ With thoughts that I can not tell.
+
+6.
+ When life's voyage is o'er,
+ And I sail no more
+ On the ocean's troubled breast,
+ Safe anchored above,
+ In the haven of love,
+ May the sailor boy peacefully rest.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What is meant by _coral tomb_, 2d verse? 2. What, by
+_watery pillow_, third verse.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XI.
+
+ FOUN DA' TION, commencement.
+ DO MES' TI CA TED, tamed.
+ FA' VOR ITE, one specially favored.
+ CA RESS' ED, fondled; petted.
+ GAM' BOL ING, skipping; frolicking.
+ IM' PULSE, feeling of excitement.
+ DI LAT' ED, distended.
+ SPEC TA' TORS, observers; lookers on.
+ EN DEAV' OR ED, tried; attempted.
+ ANX' IOUS, very desirous.
+ IN TER CEPT', (INTER, _between_; CEPT, _to take_ or _seize_;)
+ to stop on the way.
+ BE TRAY' ED, showed; disclosed.
+ RE STRAIN' ED, held back; checked.
+ COW' ED, depressed with fear.
+ EN GRAV' ED, cut; inscribed.
+
+In this lesson every pause is marked with its appropriate inflection.
+
+
+CHASE OF THE PET FAWN.
+
+MISS COOPER.
+
+1. Within twenty years from the foundation of our village', [Footnote:
+Cooperstown, New York.] the deer had already become scarce', and', in a
+brief period later', they had almost entirely fled from the country`.
+One of the last of these beautiful creatures, a pretty little fawn, had
+been brought in from the woods, when it was very young, and had been
+nursed and petted by a young lady in the village, until it became
+completely domesticated.
+
+2. It was graceful, as those little creatures always are, and so gentle
+and playful that it became a great favorite. Following the different
+members of the family about, it was caressed and welcomed everywhere.
+One morning, after gamboling about as usual, until weary, it threw
+itself down in the sunshine, at the feet of one of its friends, upon the
+door-step of a store.
+
+3. There came along a countryman, who, for several years, had been a
+hunter by pursuit, and who still kept several hounds, one of which came
+to the village with him, on this occasion. The dog, as it approached the
+place where the fawn lay, suddenly stopped; the little animal saw him,
+and darted to its feet.
+
+4. It had lived more than half its life among the villagers, and had
+apparently lost all fear of them; but it now seemed to know
+instinctively that an enemy was at hand. In an instant, its whole
+character and appearance seemed changed; all its past habits were
+forgotten; every wild impulse was awake; its head erect, its nostrils
+dilated, its eyes flashing.
+
+5. In another instant, before the spectators had thought of the danger,
+and before its friends could secure it, the fawn was leaping wildly
+through the street, and the hound in full chase. The by-standers were
+eager to save it; several persons instantly followed its track; the
+friends who had long fed and fondled it, were calling the name it had
+hitherto known; but, in vain.
+
+6. The hunter endeavored to call back his dog; but, with no better
+success. In half a minute, the fawn had turned the first corner, dashed
+onward toward the lake, and thrown itself into the water. But, if, for a
+moment, the startled creature believed itself safe in the lake, it was
+soon undeceived; for the hound followed in hot and eager chase, while a
+dozen village dogs joined in the pursuit.
+
+7. A large crowd collected on the bank--men, women, and
+children,--anxious for the fate of the little animal. Some threw
+themselves into boats, hoping to intercept the hound before he reached
+his prey. But the splashing of the oars, the voices of men and boys, and
+the barking of the dogs, must have filled the beating heart of the poor
+fawn with terror and anguish; as if every creature on the spot where it
+had once been caressed and fondled, had suddenly turned into a deadly
+foe.
+
+8. It was soon seen that the fawn was directing its course across a bay,
+toward the nearest borders of the forest. Immediately the owner of the
+hound crossed the bridge, ran at full speed in the same direction,
+hoping to stop his dog as he landed. On swam the fawn, as it had never
+swam before; its delicate head scarcely seen above the water, but
+leaving a disturbed track which betrayed its course alike to anxious
+friends and fierce enemies.
+
+9. As it approached the land, the interest became intense. The hunter
+was already on the same side of the lake, calling loudly and angrily to
+his dog; but the animal seemed to have quite forgotten his master's
+voice in the pitiless pursuit. The fawn touched the land; in one leap,
+it had crossed the narrow piece of beach, and, in another instant, it
+would reach the cover of the woods.
+
+10. The hound followed true to the scent, aiming at the same spot on the
+shore. His master, anxious to meet him, had run at full speed, and was
+now coming up at the same critical moment. Would the dog listen to his
+voice? Could the hunter reach him in time to seize and control him? A
+shout from the spectators proclaimed that the fawn had passed out of
+sight into the forest. At the same instant, the hound, as he touched the
+land, felt the hunter's strong arm clutching his neck.
+
+11. The worst was believed to be over; the fawn was leaping up the
+mountain-side, and its enemy restrained. The other dogs, seeing their
+leader cowed, were easily managed. A number of men and boys dispersed
+themselves through the wood in search of the little creature; but,
+without success. They all returned to the village, reporting that the
+animal had not been seen by them. Some persons thought that, after its
+fright had passed over, it would return of its own accord.
+
+12. It wore a pretty collar with its owner's name engraved upon it, so
+that it could be easily known from any other fawn, that might be
+straying about the woods. Before many hours had passed, a hunter
+presented himself before the lady, whose pet the little creature had
+been, and showed a collar with her name upon it. He said that he was out
+hunting in the morning, and saw a fawn in the distance. The little
+creature, instead of bounding away as he expected, moved toward him. He
+took aim, fired, and shot it to the heart.
+
+13. When he found the collar about its neck, he was very sorry he had
+killed it. One would have thought that that terrible chase would have
+made it afraid of man; but no; _it forgot the evil_, and _remembered the
+kindness only_; and came to meet, as a friend, the hunter who shot it.
+It was long mourned by its best friend.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Where did the lady reside who kept this pet fawn? 2. Is
+there a lake near that village? 3. What river rises in that lake? 4.
+Describe the chase of the pet fawn. 5. How came it to be shot? 6. What
+did it forget, and what remember?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XII.
+
+ IN' FLU ENCE, moral power.
+ DROOP' ED. bent over; languished.
+ TING' ED, stained; colored.
+ DEL' I CATE, soft; tender.
+ TRIB' UTE, pay; requital.
+ CASE' MENT, window.
+ PERCH' ED, alighted.
+ PLAINT' IVE, sorrowful.
+ AF FRIGHT' ED, alarmed.
+ TIM' ID, fearful; timorous.
+ RE STRAIN' ED, held back.
+ AT TEST', bear witness.
+ SUA' SION, act of persuading.
+ COM PLI' ANCE, submission.
+ PAL' ED, inclosed.
+ DE BAS' ED, degraded.
+ DE' VI ATE, wander; stray.
+ LE' NI ENT, mild; merciful.
+
+
+KINDNESS.
+
+KATE CLARENCE.
+
+1. Not _man_ alone, but _every thing_ in nature, owns its influence. I
+knew a little flower that sprang up amidst the weeds and brambles of a
+long-neglected garden; but soon drooped its slender stem, and its leaves
+grew tinged from the waste around.
+
+2. I took it to my home, supported its drooping stem, and placed it
+where the warm sunshine and refreshing showers cheered its little life.
+Again it raised its beautiful head, and its delicate buds burst forth in
+gladness; and when the winds of autumn came, the dying flower gave up to
+me its golden seeds--a thankful tribute for my love. 'Twas a little
+thing, but _kindness_ did the deed.
+
+3. There came to my casement, one winter's morning, a shivering,
+starving bird, and perched itself there, striving to tell its tale of
+suffering; but feeble were its plaintive notes, and its glossy breast
+was ruffled in the blast. I raised the window. Affrighted, the little
+wanderer spread its wings, as if to soar away; but, weak and faint, it
+sank fluttering in my outstretched hands. I drew it in. Alarmed, it
+darted round and round the room, and beat against the frosted pane. _O
+Cruelty! thou hast taught even the little birds to doubt!_
+
+4. When the little stranger grew less timid, I gave it clear water, and
+tempting food, and so, for many weeks, we dwelt together; but when came
+the first warm, sunny day, I opened my doors, and it flew away,--_away
+up, up_ into the dark-blue heavens, till it was lost to my eager gaze.
+
+5. But not an hour had passed, ere I heard the flutter of its tiny
+wings, and saw, without, its little breast glittering in the golden
+sunbeams. It had a joyous life. No wired cage restrained its restless
+wing; but, free as the summer cloud, would it come each day, and gladly
+would my delighted soul drink in the silvery notes of its gladdening
+melody.
+
+6. And it is not _birds_ and _flowers_ alone, that, treated with
+kindness flourish so brightly 'neath its heaven-born rays. Individuals,
+families, nations, attest its truth. _Legal suasion_ may frighten to
+compliance, but _moral suasion_ rules the will.
+
+7. To the erring wanderer, in the by and forbidden paths of sin, with a
+heart paled in darkness, and lost to every better feeling of his nature,
+one little word, one little act of kindness, however slight, will find a
+sunny resting-place in that sinful shade, and prove a light to guide the
+wayward one to holier and better deeds. The lion licked the hand that
+drew the thorn from his wounded foot; and Powhatan stayed the descending
+club, when the burning lips of the Indian girl pressed the prisoner's
+[Footnote: Captain Smith] pallid brow.
+
+8. And it is _ever_ thus. There beats not a heart, however debased by
+sin, or darkened by sorrow, that has not its noblest impulses aroused,
+in view of a _generous and kindly action_. The Holy Father implanted His
+own pure principles in the breast of _every one_, and widely do we
+deviate from their just dictates, when an unkind word, or an unkind act,
+wounds a broken heart, or crushes a loving, gentle nature.
+
+9. "_Speak not harshly_,--much of care
+ Every human heart must bear;
+ Enough of shadows rudely play
+ Around the very sunniest way;
+ Enough of sorrows darkly lie
+ Vailed within the merriest eye.
+ By thy childhood's gushing tears,
+ By thy grief in after years,
+ By the anguish thou dost know,
+ _Add not to another's woe._
+
+10. "_Speak not harshly_,--much of sin
+ Dwelleth every heart within;
+ In its closely caverned cells,
+ Many a wayward passion dwells.
+ By the many hours misspent,
+ By the gifts to error lent,
+ By the wrongs thou didst not shun,
+ By the good thou hast not done,
+ With a lenient spirit scan
+ The weakness of thy brother man."
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. On what has kindness an influence? 2. What influence had
+it upon the little flower? 3. What, upon the little bird? 4. What is
+said of cruelty? 5. What is said of legal and moral suasion? 6. What is
+said of the lion? 7. Of Powhatan? 8. Why ought we not to speak harshly?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XIII.
+
+ SHAFT, arrow; _here_, careless word.
+ MES' SEN GERS, message-bearers.
+ PANG, distress; anguish.
+ SPELLS, charms; enchantments.
+ SEAL' ED, closed up; under seal.
+ SEP' UL CHER, (_ch_ like _k_), grave; tomb.
+ SUM' MON ED, called.
+ AG' O NY, extreme suffering.
+ WRING, writhe.
+ UN A WARES, unconsciously.
+ MIN' GLES, unites; mixes.
+ EN DEAR' ING, kind; affectionate.
+ E CLIPSE', darkness; obscuration.
+ CHER' ISH ED, fostered.
+ EN SHRIN' ED, sacredly preserved.
+ UT' TER ED, expressed.
+
+
+CARELESS WORDS.
+
+ 1. Oh, never say a careless Word
+ Hath not the power to pain;
+ The shaft may ope some hidden wound,
+ That closes not again!
+ Weigh _well_ those light-winged messengers;
+ God marked your heedless Word,
+ And with it, too, the falling tear,
+ The heart-pang that it stirred.
+
+ 2. Words! what are Words? A simple Word
+ Hath spells to call the tears,
+ That long have lain a sealed fount,
+ Unclosed through mournful years.
+ Back from the unseen sepulcher,
+ A Word hath summoned forth
+ A form that hath its place no more
+ Among the things of Earth,
+
+ 3. Words! heed them well; some whispered one
+ Hath yet a power to fling
+ A shadow on the brow, the soul
+ In agony to wring;
+ A name, forbidden, or forgot,
+ That sometimes, unawares,
+ Murmurs upon our wak'ning lips,
+ And mingles in our prayers.
+
+ 4. Oh, Words! sweet Words! A blessing comes
+ Softly from kindly lips;
+ Tender, endearing tones, that break
+ The Spirit's drear eclipse.
+ Oh! are there not some cherished tones
+ In the deep heart enshrined?
+ Uttered but once--they passed--and left
+ A track of light behind.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What is said of _careless words_? 2. What, of _sweet
+words_? 3. What is the use of the apostrophe in _wak'ning_, third verse?
+4. What is the meaning of the suffix _less_, in the words _careless,
+heedless_? See SANDERS' NEW SPELLER, DEFINER, AND ANALYZER, page 143,
+Ex. 369.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XIV.
+
+ VEG' E TA BLES, plants.
+ DEP RE DA' TION, robbery; plunder.
+ CAP TUR' ING, catching.
+ TRES' PASS ER, transgressor.
+ AP PEAL' ED, referred.
+ COUN' SEL, lawyer; advocate.
+ AR' GU MENT, plea; reason.
+ URG' ING, enforcing; advocating.
+ MIS' CHIEV OUS, hurtful; injurious.
+ PRAC' TI CAL, pertaining to practice.
+ DIS TIN' GUISH ED, celebrated.
+ JU' RIST, one versed in law.
+ AF FECT' ED, moved; impressed.
+ FUR' NISH ED, supplied.
+ VI' O LA TED, broken; transgressed.
+ DE PRIVE', rob; hinder.
+ AL LUD' ED, referred; adverted.
+ RE STORE', give back.
+
+
+WEBSTER AND THE WOODCHUCK.
+
+BOSTON TRAVELER.
+
+1. Ebenezer Webster, the father of Daniel, was a farmer. The vegetables
+in his garden had suffered considerably from the depredations of a
+woodchuck, which had his hole or habitation near the premises. Daniel,
+some ten or twelve years old, and his older brother Ezekiel, had set a
+trap, and finally succeeded in capturing the trespasser.
+
+2. Ezekiel proposed to kill the animal, and end, at once, all further
+trouble from him; but Daniel looked with compassion upon his meek, dumb
+captive, and offered to let him again go free. The boys could not agree,
+and they appealed to their father to decide the case.
+
+3. "Well, my boys," said the old gentleman, "_I_ will be the _judge_.
+There is the _prisoner_, (pointing to the wood-chuck,) and _you_ shall
+be the _counsel_, and plead the case _for_ and _against_ his life and
+liberty."
+
+4. Ezekiel opened the case with a strong argument, urging the
+mischievous nature of the criminal, the great harm he had already done;
+said that much time and labor had been spent in his capture, and now, if
+he were suffered to live and go again at large, he would renew his
+depredations, and be cunning enough not to suffer himself to be caught
+again.
+
+5. He urged, further, that his skin was of some value, and that, to make
+the most of him they could, it would not repay half the damage he had
+already done. His argument was ready, practical, to the point, and of
+much greater length than our limits will allow us to occupy in relating
+the story.
+
+6. The father looked with pride upon his son, who became a distinguished
+jurist in his manhood. "Now, Daniel, it is _your_ turn: I'll hear what
+_you_ have to say."
+
+7. It was his first case. Daniel saw that the plea of his brother had
+sensibly affected his father, the judge; and as his large, brilliant,
+black eyes looked upon the soft, timid, expression of the animal, and he
+saw it tremble with fear in its narrow prison-house, his heart swelled
+with pity, and he urged, with eloquent words, that the captive might
+again go free.
+
+8. "God," he said, "had made the woodchuck; he made him to live, to
+enjoy the bright sunlight, the pure air, the free fields and woods. God
+had not made him, or _any_ thing, in vain; the woodchuck had as much
+right to life as any _other_ living thing."
+
+9. "He was not a destructive animal, as the wolf and the fox were; he
+simply ate a few common vegetables, of which they had plenty, and could
+well spare a part; he destroyed nothing except the little food he needed
+to sustain his humble life; and that little food was as sweet to him,
+and as necessary to his existence, as was to them the food upon their
+mother's table."
+
+10. "God furnished to them food; he gave them all they possessed; and
+would they not spare a little for the dumb creature, that really had as
+much right to his small share of God's bounty, as they themselves had to
+their portion?"
+
+11. "Yea, more, the animal had never violated the laws of his nature or
+the laws of God, as man often did; but strictly followed the simple,
+harmless instincts he had received from the hand of the Creator of all
+things. Created by God's hand, he had a right--a right from God--to
+life, to food, to liberty; and they had no right to deprive him of
+either."
+
+12. He alluded to the mute, but earnest pleadings of the animal for that
+life, as sweet, as dear to him, as their own was to them, and the just
+judgment they might expect, if, in selfish cruelty and cold
+heartlessness, they took the life they could not restore--the life that
+God alone had given.
+
+13. During this appeal, the tears had started to the old man's eyes, and
+were fast running down his sun-burnt cheeks; every feeling of a father's
+heart was stirred within him; he saw the future greatness of his son
+before his eyes, he felt that God had blessed him in his children,
+beyond the lot of most men.
+
+14. His pity and sympathy were awakened by the eloquent words of
+compassion, and the strong appeal for mercy; and, forgetting the judge
+in the man and father, he sprang from his chair, (while Daniel was in
+the midst of his argument, without thinking he had already won his
+case,) and, turning to his older son, dashing the tears from his eyes,
+exclaimed, "_Ezekiel, Ezekiel, you let that woodchuck go!_"
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What did Ezekiel propose to do with the woodchuck after
+he was caught? 2. What argument did he offer for so doing? 3. What did
+Daniel wish to do with him? 4. What argument did he offer? 4. What was
+their father's decision?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XV.
+
+ SOLVE, explain; work out.
+ PROB' LEM, question for solution.
+ COM PELL' ED, obliged.
+ IN' DO LENT, idle; lazy.
+ DINT, force; means.
+ CON' SCIOUS, self-perceived; felt.
+ DEM ON STRA' TION, formal proof.
+ RE CLIN' ING, leaning back.
+ PON' DERS, weighs; examines.
+ PROC' ESS, operation.
+
+
+DO IT YOURSELF.
+
+1. Do not ask the teacher or some classmate to solve that hard problem.
+DO IT YOURSELF. You might as well let him eat your dinner as "do your
+sums" for you. It is in studying as in eating; _he who does it_, gets
+the benefit, and not _he who sees it done_. In almost any school, the
+teacher learns more than the best scholars, simply because he is
+compelled to solve all the difficult problems, and answer all the
+questions of the indolent pupils.
+
+2. Do not ask your teacher to parse that difficult word, or assist you
+in the performance of any of your studies. DO IT YOURSELF. Never mind,
+though they _do_ look dark. Do not ask even a hint from any one. TRY
+AGAIN. Every trial increases your ability, and you will finally succeed
+by dint of the very wisdom and strength gained in the effort, even
+though, at first, the problem was beyond your skill. It is the _study_,
+and not the _answer_, that really rewards your labor.
+
+3. Look at that boy, who has just succeeded after six hours of hard
+study. How his large eye is lit up with a proud joy, as he marches to
+his class! He treads like a conqueror! And well he may. Last night his
+lamp burned, and this morning he waked at dawn. Once or twice he nearly
+gave it up. He had tried his last thought; but a new thought strikes
+him, and he ponders the last process. He tries once more, and succeeds;
+and now mark the air of conscious strength with which he pronounces his
+demonstration.
+
+4. His poor, weak schoolmate, who gave up that same problem, after his
+first trial, now looks up to him with something of a wonder, as a
+superior being. And he _is_ his superior. That problem lies there, a
+great gulf between those boys who stood side by side yesterday.
+
+5. The boy who _did it for himself_, has taken a stride upward, and what
+is better still, _has gained strength_ to take other and better ones.
+The boy who waited to see _others do it_, has lost both strength and
+courage, and is already looking for some good excuse to give up school
+and study forever.
+
+6. DO IT YOURSELF. Remember the counsel given to the artist, who lay
+reclining upon his couch, and wondering what the fates would work out
+for him. Directing his attention to a block of unhewn marble, with a
+chisel lying by its side, the sculptor in the vision is represented as
+thus addressing him: "Sir,
+
+ "There's the marble, there's the chisel,
+ Take it, work it to thy will;
+ _Thou alone_ must shape thy future,
+ Heaven send thee strength and skill!"
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Who is benefited in studying? 2. What really rewards the
+labor of study? 3. What is said of the boy who succeeded after six hours
+of hard study? 4. What, of the boy who gave up, after the first trial?
+5. What counsel was given to the artist who wondered what the fates
+would work out for him?
+
+How are the words to be read, which are printed in Italics and in
+capitals? See page 22, Note III.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XVI.
+
+ SLACK' EN, relax; lessen.
+ EN DEAV' OR, effort; exertion.
+ WHOLE' SOME, useful; salutary.
+ EX CEL', surpass; outdo.
+ OUT STRIP' PED, outrun; excelled.
+ SUR PASS' ED, excelled.
+ VIC' TO RY, conquest; triumph.
+ UT' TER MOST, very best.
+ DAR' ING, courage; bravery.
+ DE FECT', fault; deficiency.
+ REPIN'ING, fretting; complaining.
+ UN A VAIL' ING, vain; useless.
+ COR RECT', amend; make right.
+ MAX' IM, proverb; saying.
+
+
+BETTER LATE THAN NEVER.
+
+1. _Life is a race_, where some succeed,
+ While others are beginning;
+ 'Tis luck, at times, at others, speed,
+ That gives an early winning.
+ But, if you chance to fall behind,
+ Ne'er slacken your endeavor;
+ Just keep this wholesome truth in mind:
+ _'Tis better late than never!_
+
+2. If you can keep ahead, 'tis well;
+ But never trip your neighbor;
+ 'Tis noble when you can excel
+ By honest, patient labor.
+ But, if you are outstripped, at last,
+ Press on, as bold as ever;
+ Remember, though you are surpassed,
+ _'Tis better late than never!_
+
+3. Ne'er labor for an idle boast
+ Of victory o'er another;
+ But, while you strive your uttermost,
+ Deal fairly with a brother.
+ Whate'er your station, do your best,
+ And, hold your purpose ever;
+ And, if you fail to beat the rest,
+ _'Tis better late than never!_
+
+4. Choose well the path in which you run,--
+ Succeed by noble daring;
+ Then, though the last, when once 'tis won,
+ Your crown is worth the wearing.
+ Then never fret, if left behind,
+ Nor slacken your endeavor;
+ But ever keep this truth in mind:
+ _'Tis better late than never!_
+
+5. Yet, would you cure this sad defect,
+ Repining's unavailing;
+ Begin, _at once_, and _now_ correct
+ This very common failing.
+ _This day_ resolve,--_this very hour,_
+ Nor e'en a moment wait;
+ Go, make this better maxim yours,--
+ _'Tis better never late!_
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. To what is life compared, first verse? 2. What advice is
+given _if you chance to fall behind?_ 3. How ought you to treat your
+competitors? 4. What is a very common failing? 5. How may it be
+corrected? 6. What is the use of the apostrophe in the word
+_repining's_, fifth verse?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XVII.
+
+ A DOPT' ED, taken as one's own.
+ PIL' LAR ED, supported by pillars.
+ TWI' LIGHT, faint light after sunset and before sunrise.
+ THYME, (_time_,) fragrant plant.
+ VINE' YARD, plantation of grapevines.
+ DYE, hue; color.
+ SPARK' LING, emitting bubbles.
+
+
+THE ADOPTED CHILD.
+
+MISS. HEMANS.
+
+
+LADY.
+ Why wouldst thou leave me, O gentle child?
+ _Thy home_ on the mountains is bleak and wild,
+ A straw-roofed cabin with lowly wall;
+ _Mine_ is a fair and a pillared hall,
+ Where many an image of marble gleams,
+ And the sunshine of picture forever streams.
+
+BOY.
+ Oh, green is the turf where my brothers play,
+ Through the long, bright hours of the summer-day;
+ They find the red cup-moss where they climb,
+ And they chase the bee o'er the scented thyme;
+ And the rocks where the heath-flower blooms they know,
+ Lady, kind lady! oh, let me go!
+
+LADY.
+ Content thee, boy, in my bower to dwell;
+ Here are sweet sounds which thou lovest well,--
+ Flutes on the air in the stilly noon,
+ Harps which the wandering breezes tune,
+ And the silvery wood-note of many a bird
+ Whose voice was ne'er in thy mountains heard.
+
+BOY.
+ My mother sings, at the twilight's fall,
+ A song of the hills, far more sweet than all;
+ She sings it under our own green tree,
+ To the babe half-slumbering on her knee;
+ I dreamed, last night, of that music low,--
+ Lady, kind lady! oh, let me go!
+
+LADY.
+ (_pl._) Thy mother hath gone from her cares to rest;
+ She hath taken the babe on her quiet breast;
+ Thou wouldst meet her footstep, my boy, no more,
+ Nor hear her song at the cabin-door:
+ Come thou with me to the vineyards nigh,
+ And we'll pluck the grapes of the richest dye.
+
+BOY.
+ Is my mother gone from her home away?--
+ But I know that my brothers are there at play,
+ I know they are gathering the fox-glove's bell,
+ Or the long fern leaves by the sparkling well;
+ Or they launch their boats where the bright streams flow,
+ Lady, kind lady! oh, let me go!
+
+LADY.
+ Fair child, thy brothers are wanderers now,
+ They sport no more on the mountain's brow;
+ They have left the fern by the spring's green side,
+ And the streams where the fairy barks were tried:
+ Be thou at peace in thy brighter lot,
+ For thy cabin-home is a lonely spot.
+
+BOY.
+ Are they gone, all gone from the sunny hill?
+ But the bird and the blue-fly rove o'er it still,
+ And the red deer bound in their gladness free,
+ And the heath is bent by the singing bee,
+ And the waters leap, and the fresh winds blow,--
+ Lady, kind lady! oh, let me go!
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What kind of words are _straw-roofed, heath-flower,
+wood-note,_ &c.? 2. What is the use of the apostrophes in the words
+_o'er, ne'er, twilight's_, &c.?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XVIII.
+
+ AP PAR' ENT LY, evidently.
+ CEN' TU RY, hundred years.
+ GI GAN' TIC, very large.
+ SPE' CIES, sort; kind.
+ DI MEN' SION, size; bulk.
+ SUB LIME', grand; magnificent.
+ UN MO LEST' ED, free from disturbance.
+ DIS PERS' ED, separated; scattered.
+ CLAM' OR OUS, noisy; importunate.
+ IN DE CIS' ION, doubt; irresolution.
+ POIS' ED, balanced.
+ AT' MOS PHERE, surrounding air.
+ TAL' ONS, claws.
+ DIS TRI BU' TION, division.
+ EC' STA SY, excessive joy; transport.
+ PER' SE CUT ED, harassed; injured.
+
+
+THE OLD EAGLE TREE.
+
+REV. JOHN TODD.
+
+1. In a remote field stood a large tulip tree, apparently of a century's
+growth, and one of the most gigantic of that splendid species. It looked
+like the father of the surrounding forest. A single tree, of huge
+dimensions, standing all alone, is a sublime object.
+
+2. On the top of this tree, an old eagle, commonly called the "Fishing
+Eagle," had built her nest every year, for many years, and, unmolested,
+raised her young. What is remarkable, as she procured her food from the
+ocean, this tree stood full ten miles from the sea-shore. It had long
+been known as the "Old Eagle tree."
+
+3. On a warm, sunny day, the workmen were hoeing corn in an adjoining
+field. At a certain hour of the day, the old eagle was known to set off
+for the sea-side, to gather food for her young. As she this day returned
+with a large fish in her claws, the workmen surrounded the tree, and, by
+yelling, and hooting, and throwing stones, so scared the poor bird that
+she dropped her fish, and they carried it off in triumph.
+
+4. The men soon dispersed; but Joseph sat down under a bush near by, to
+watch, and to bestow unavailing pity. The bird soon returned to her nest
+without food. The eaglets at once set up a cry for food, so shrill, so
+clear, and so clamorous, that the boy was greatly moved.
+
+5. The parent bird seemed to try to soothe them; but their appetites
+were too keen, and it was all in vain. She then perched herself on a
+limb near them, and looked down into the nest with a look that seemed to
+say, "I know not what to do next."
+
+6. Her indecision was but momentary; again she poised herself, uttered
+one or two sharp notes, as if telling them to "lie still," balanced her
+body, spread her wings, and was away again for the sea!
+
+7. Joseph was determined to see the result. His eyes followed her till
+she grew small, smaller,--a mere speck in the sky,--and then
+disappeared. What boy has not often watched the flight of the bird of
+his country in this way?
+
+8. She was gone nearly two hours, about double her usual time for a
+voyage, when she again returned, on a slow, weary wing, flying
+uncommonly low, in order to have a heavier atmosphere to sustain her,
+with another fish in her talons.
+
+9. On nearing the field, she made a circuit around it, to see if her
+enemies were again there. Finding the coast clear, she once more reached
+her tree, drooping, faint, and weary, and evidently nearly exhausted.
+Again the eaglets set up their cry, which was soon hushed by the
+distribution of a dinner, such as--save the cooking--a king might
+admire.
+
+10. "GLORIOUS BIRD!" cried the boy in ecstacy, and aloud; "what a
+spirit! Other birds can fly swifter, others can sing more sweetly,
+others can scream more loudly; but what _other bird_, when persecuted
+and robbed--when weary--when discouraged--when so far from sea,--would
+have done this!
+
+11. "GLORIOUS BIRD! I will learn a lesson from thee to-day. I will never
+forget hereafter, that when the spirit is determined, it can do almost
+anything. Others would have drooped and hung the head, and mourned over
+the cruelty of man, and sighed over the wants of the nestlings; but
+_thou,_ by at once recovering the loss, hast forgotten all.
+
+12. "I will learn of thee, _noble bird!_ I will remember this. I will
+set my mark high. I will try to do something, and to be something in the
+world; _I will never yield to discouragements."_
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. How far was this Old Eagle tree from the seashore? 2. In
+what way did the workmen obtain the fish she brought for her young? 3.
+What is said of the eaglets and the parent bird, when she returned to
+the nest? 4. What did she then do? 5. What did Joseph say when she
+returned with another fish?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XIX.
+
+ AUC' TION, vendue; public sale.
+ HOME' LESS, (LESS, _without or destitute of,_) without home.
+ PEN' NI LESS, destitute of pennies.
+ WASTE' LESS, without waste.
+ UN LIGHT' ED, (UN, _not_,) not lighted.
+ SELF' ISH NESS, devoted to one's self.
+ RE VERSE' (RE, _back_ or _again_; VERSE, _turn_), turn back,
+ or exchange places.
+ AC QUIRE', gain; obtain.
+ IL LUS TRA' TION, explanation.
+ SOL' I TA RY, single.
+ DIS PEL', drive away; disperse.
+ BE NIGHT' ED, unenlightened.
+
+
+THE LIGHT OF KNOWLEDGE.
+
+ELIHU BURRITT.
+
+1. Knowledge can not be stolen from you. It can not be bought or sold.
+You may be _poor_, and the sheriff come into your house, and sell your
+furniture at auction, or drive away your cow, or take your lamb, and
+leave you homeless and penniless; but he can not lay the law's hand upon
+the _jewelry of your mind_. This can not be taken for debt; neither can
+you _give it away_, though you give enough of it to fill a million
+minds.
+
+2. I will tell you what such giving is like. Suppose, now, that there
+were no sun nor stars in the heavens, nor any thing that shone in the
+black brow of night; and suppose that a lighted lamp were put into your
+hand, which should burn wasteless and clear amid all the tempests that
+should brood upon this lower world.
+
+3. Suppose next, that there were a thousand millions of human beings on
+the earth with you, each holding in his hand an unlighted lamp, filled
+with the same oil as yours, and capable of giving as much light. Suppose
+these millions should come, one by one, to you, and light each his lamp
+by yours, would they rob you of any light? Would less of it shine on
+your own path? Would your lamp burn more dimly for lighting a thousand
+millions?
+
+4. Thus it is, young friends. In getting rich in the things which perish
+with the using, men have often obeyed to the letter that first
+commandment of selfishness: _"Keep what you can get, and get what you
+can."_ In filling your minds with the wealth of knowledge, you must
+reverse this rule, and obey this law: _"Keep what you give, and give
+what you can."_
+
+5. The fountain of knowledge is filled by its _outlets,_ not by its
+inlets. You can _learn_ nothing which you do not _teach;_ you can
+acquire nothing of intellectual wealth, except by _giving._ In the
+illustration of the lamps, which I have given you, was not the light of
+the thousands of millions which were lighted at yours, as much your
+light, as if it all came from your solitary lamp? Did you not dispel
+darkness by giving away light?
+
+6. Remember this parable, and, whenever you fall in with an unlighted
+mind in your walk of life, drop a kind and glowing thought upon it from
+yours, and set it a-burning in the world with a light that shall shine
+in some dark place to beam on the benighted.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What is said of knowledge? 2. What is the giving of
+knowledge like? 3. In getting rich, what precept have men obeyed? 4.
+What precept must be obeyed in getting knowledge? 5. How is knowledge
+best acquired? 6. What is meant by the _jewelry of the mind,_ first
+paragraph? 7. What, by _intellectual wealth,_ fifth paragraph?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XX.
+
+ EX TIN' GUISH ED, put out.
+ SOL' EMN, grave; serious.
+ GAR' RI SON, fortress furnished with soldiers, for defense.
+ SEN' TI NEL, soldier on guard.
+ CAR A VAN, company of traveling traders or pilgrims.
+ CON STEL LA' TIONS, clusters of fixed stars.
+ BRILL' IANT, shining; sparkling.
+ HOST, great multitude.
+ EX' TRA, additional.
+ CRES' CENT, form of the new moon.
+ HAIL' ED, saluted.
+ EF FUL' GENCE, splendor.
+ RE' GEN CY, rule; government.
+ WAN' ING, decreasing.
+ SUP PLI CA TION, prayer; petition.
+ RAPT' URE, great joy; transport.
+
+[Headnote 1: PAL' ES TINE includes that part of Turkey in Asia, lying on
+the eastern borders of the Mediterranean Sea.]
+
+
+NIGHT'S LESSONS.
+
+L.H. SIGOURNEY.
+
+1. The lessons of our school are over. The lights in the distant windows
+are extinguished, one after the other. The village will soon be lost in
+slumber. When all the men and the women are asleep, must we keep awake
+to learn lessons?
+
+2. In large cities, there may be heard, now and then, the rushing wheel
+of the traveler. The watchmen pace their round, and cry, _"All is
+well."_ In the long, cold nights of Norway, the watchmen who guard the
+capitol, pronounce, in a solemn tone, "God bless our good city of
+Bergen!"
+
+3. In the garrison, or the endangered fortress, the armed sentinel keeps
+watch, lest they should be surprised by the foe. But in this peaceful
+village there is no need of either sentinel or watchman. Why may we not
+go to sleep, instead of learning Night's lessons?
+
+4. My son, one of these you may learn in a moment. Did you say that all
+will soon be sleeping? No! there is one Eye that never slumbers. He who
+made all the people, keepeth watch above the everlasting hills. Commit
+yourself to His care.
+
+5. Now, will you learn with me the second lesson of the night? Lift your
+eyes to yon glorious canopy. Seest thou not there a sentinel, set by the
+Eternal, at the northern gate of heaven,--the pole-star?
+
+6. The pole-star! Blessings are breathed upon it, by the weary caravan,
+fearing the poisonous wind of the desert,--by the red forest-children,
+seeking their home beyond the far Western prairies,--and by the lonely
+mariner, upon the pathless ocean.
+
+7. The stars! See them! The oil in their lamps never burns out. These
+glorious constellations wheel their mighty course unchanged, while "man
+dieth and wasteth away, yea, man giveth up the ghost, and where is he?"
+[Footnote: Job, 14th chap., 10th verse.]
+
+8. Yon brilliant orbs maintain their places, while countless generations
+pass away, and nations disappear and are forgotten. Let us bow in
+humility before "Him who bringeth out their host by number, who calleth
+them all by names, by the greatness of His might, for that He is strong
+in power; not one faileth." [Footnote: Isaiah. 40th chap., 26th verse.]
+
+9. Thirteen times in the year, Night, the teacher, gives extra lessons.
+Will you be there to learn them? First, she hangs up a pale crescent in
+the west. The ancient Jews hailed its infant beam, and answering fires
+of joy were kindled on the hills of Palestine.[Headnote 1]
+
+10. Next, she summons forth a rounded orb, clad in full effulgence, and
+commits to it the regency when the sun retires. Lastly, a slender,
+waning crescent appears nightly, like an aged man, ready to descend into
+the night of the tomb.
+
+11.
+ "Soon as the evening shades prevail,
+ The moon takes up the wondrous tale,
+ And nightly to the listening earth,
+ Repeats the story of her birth;
+ While all the stars that round her burn,
+ And all the planets in their turn,
+ Confirm the tidings as they roll,
+ And spread the truth from pole to pole."
+
+12. These are some of Night's lessons. Are you tired of them? Or, will
+you learn one more? Lift up your heart to Him who has given you the past
+day, with thanks for its blessings,--with penitence for its
+faults,--with supplication for strength and wisdom for the time that is
+to come.
+
+13. "Day unto day uttereth speech, and night unto night showeth
+knowledge" [Footnote: Psalm 19th, 2nd verse.] of God. Thus, meekly and
+faithfully studying Night's lessons, may we find
+
+ "Even sorrow, touched by Heaven, grows bright
+ With more than rapture's ray,
+ As darkness shows us worlds of light,
+ We never saw by day."
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Who watches over us when asleep? 2. In what way is the
+pole-star useful to man? 3. What is said of the stars? 4. What extra
+lessons is it that night gives thirteen times a year? 5. Describe the
+first appearance of the moon. 6. How does it next appear? 7. Where is
+Palestine? 8. Where are the passages to be found, quoted in the 7th,
+8th, and 13th paragraphs? 9. Do you know who is the author of the 11th
+verse? Ans. Addison.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXI.
+
+ HID' DEN, secret; concealed.
+ QUAIL, sink; droop.
+ SCORN' ING, disdaining.
+ GREET' ING, salutation.
+ VIEW' LESS, not to be seen.
+ YEARN' ETH, longeth.
+ CHANT, sing; carol.
+ PORT' AL, entrance; gate-way.
+ CHEER' Y, gay; lively.
+ E TER' NI TY, endless duration.
+
+
+NATURE'S TEACHINGS.
+
+CHAMBERS' JOURNAL.
+
+
+FIRST VOICE.
+
+1. Sunlight! tell the hidden meaning
+ Of the rays thou lettest fall;
+ Are they lessons writ in burning,
+ Like God's warning on the wall?
+
+SECOND VOICE.
+
+ Strive, O man, to let a loving
+ Spirit cheer the sad and poor;
+ So shall many a fair hope blossom,
+ Where none grew before!
+
+FIRST VOICE.
+
+2. Stars! what is it ye would whisper,
+ With your pure and holy light?
+ Looking down so calm and tender
+ From the watch-tower of the night.
+
+SECOND VOICE.
+
+ When thy soul would quail from scorning,
+ Keep a brave heart and a bold;
+ As we always shine the brightest
+ When the nights are cold.
+
+
+FIRST VOICE.
+
+3. Hast thou not a greeting for me,
+ Heaven's own happy minstrel-bird'?
+ Thou whose voice, like some sweet angel's,
+ Viewless, in the cloud is heard'?
+
+SECOND VOICE.
+
+ Though thy spirit yearneth sky-ward,
+ Oh, forget not human worth!
+ I, who chant at heaven's portal,
+ Build my nest on earth.
+
+FIRST VOICE.
+
+4. River! river'! singing gayly
+ From the hill-side all day long,
+ Teach my heart the merry music
+ Of thy cheery, rippling song.
+
+SECOND VOICE.
+
+ Many winding ways I follow;
+ Yet, at length, I reach the sea.
+ Man, remember that _thy_ ocean
+ Is ETERNITY!
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What is meant by _God's warning on the wall?_ See the 5th
+chap. of Daniel. 2. What is meant by _minstrel-bird?_ Ans. The lark.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXII.
+
+ GLARE, dazzling light.
+ BLITHE' LY, gayly; joyfully.
+ WROUGHT, worked; labored.
+ RE MORSE', painful regret.
+ WANE, decrease; grow less.
+ FAN' CIES, whims; notions.
+
+ A NON._'_ is an abbreviation of _anonymous_, which means
+ _without name; nameless_. See SANDERS' ANALYSIS, page 88,
+ Exercise 108.
+
+
+SOWING AND HARVESTING.
+
+ANON.
+
+1. They are sowing their seed in the daylight fair,
+ They are sowing their seed in the noonday's glare,
+ They are sowing their seed in the soft twilight,
+ They are sowing their seed in the solemn night;
+ _What_ shall their harvest be?
+
+2. They are sowing their seed of pleasant thought,
+ In the spring's green light they have blithely wrought;
+ They have brought their fancies from wood and dell,
+ Where the mosses creep, and the flower-buds swell;
+ _Rare_ shall the harvest be!
+
+3. They are sowing the seeds of word and deed,
+ Which the cold know not, nor the careless heed,--
+ Of the gentle word and the kindest deed,
+ That have blessed the heart in its sorest need;
+ _Sweet_ shall the harvest be!
+
+4. And some are sowing the seeds of pain,
+ Of late remorse, and in maddened brain;
+ And the stars shall fall, and the sun shall wane,
+ Ere they root the weeds from the soil again;
+ _Dark_ will the harvest be!
+
+5. And some are standing with idle hand,
+ Yet they scatter seeds on their native land;
+ And some are sowing the seeds of care,
+ Which their soil has borne, and still must bear;
+ _Sad_ will the harvest be!
+
+6. They are sowing the seed of noble deed,
+ With a sleepless watch and an earnest heed;
+ With a ceaseless hand o'er the earth they sow,
+ And the fields are whitening where'er they go;
+ _Rich_ will the harvest be!
+
+7. Sown in darkness, or sown in light,
+ Sown in weakness, or sown in might,
+ Sown in meekness, or sown in wrath,
+ In the broad work-field, or the shadowy path,
+ SURE will the harvest be!
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Who are meant by _they_ in this lesson? 2. What is said
+of those who are _sowing the seeds of word and deed?_ 3. What, of those
+who are sowing the _seeds of care?_ 4. Repeat the last verse. 5. What
+passage of Scripture teaches the same idea? Ans. "Whatsoever a man
+soweth, that shall he also reap."--Gal., 6th chap., 7th verse.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXIII.
+
+ FOR' TI FI ED, strengthened by works of art for defense.
+ SUL' TRY, close; oppressively hot.
+ BOAT' SWAIN, one who has charge of a ship's boats, rigging, &c.
+ TARS, sailors.
+ MOOR' ED, anchored.
+ BUOYS, floats.
+ AN' CHOR, iron instrument for holding ships.
+ STAR' BOARD, right side of a ship.
+ FORE' CAS TLE, short deck in the fore part of a ship.
+ WAKE, track.
+ BE REFT', deprived.
+ IM' MI NENT, impending.
+ PIERC' ED, went through.
+ FORE AND AFT, before and behind.
+ SWAY' ED, swung; moved.
+ CAR' CASS, dead body.
+ EX CITE' MENT, agitation.
+ PHA' SES, forms; appearances.
+
+[Headnote 1: SA HA' RA, is a Great Desert in Africa, lying south of the
+Barbary States, and extending from the Atlantic on the west to Egypt and
+Nubia on the east. The winds that come from this desert, are hot and
+suffocating.]
+
+
+A THRILLING INCIDENT.
+
+ANON.
+
+1. Our noble ship lay at anchor in the Bay of Tangier, a fortified town
+in the extreme northwest of Africa. The day had been extremely mild,
+with a gentle breeze sweeping to the northward and westward; but, toward
+the close of the afternoon, the sea-breeze died away, and one of those
+sultry, oven-like breathings came from the great, sun-burnt Sahara
+[Headnote 1].
+
+2. Half an hour before sundown, the captain gave the cheering order for
+the boatswain to call the hands to "go in swimming;" and, in less than
+five minutes, the forms of our tars were seen leaping from the arms of
+the lower yards, into the water. One of the studding sails, with its
+corners suspended from the main yard-arm and the swinging boom, had been
+lowered into the water, and into this most of the swimmers made their
+way.
+
+3. Among those who seemed to be enjoying the sport most heartily, were
+two of the boys, Timothy Wallace and Frederic Fairbanks, the latter of
+whom was the son of our old gunner; and, in a laughing mood, they
+started out from the studding sail on a race. There was a loud ringing
+shout of joy on their lips as they put off, and they darted through the
+water like fishes. The surface of the sea was smooth as glass, though
+its bosom rose in long, heavy swells that set in from the Atlantic.
+
+4. The vessel was moored with a long sweep from both cables, and one of
+the buoys of the anchor was far away on the starboard quarter, where it
+rose and fell with the lazy swells of the waves. Toward this buoy the
+two lads made their way, young Fairbanks taking the lead; but, when they
+were within about twenty or thirty fathoms of the buoy, Wallace shot
+ahead and promised to win the race.
+
+5. The old gunner had watched the progress of his little son with a
+great degree of pride; and when he saw him drop behind, he leaped upon
+the quarter-deck, and was just upon the point of urging him on by a
+shout, when a cry was heard that struck him with instant horror.
+
+6. "_A shark! a shark!_" was sounded from the captain of the forecastle;
+and, at the sound of these terrible words, the men who were in the
+water, leaped and plunged toward the ship. Right abeam, at the distance
+of three or four cables' lengths, was seen the wake of a shark in the
+water, where the back of the monster was visible. His course was for the
+boys.
+
+7. For a moment, the gunner stood like one bereft of reason; but, on the
+next, he shouted at the top of his voice, for the boys to turn; but they
+heard him not. Stoutly the two swimmers strove for the goal, all
+unconscious of their imminent danger. Their merry laugh still rang over
+the waters, and, at length, they both touched the buoy together.
+
+8. Oh, what agony filled the heart of the gunner! A boat had put off,
+but he knew that it could not reach the boys in season, and every moment
+he expected to see the monster sink from sight,--_then_ he knew that all
+hope would be gone. At this moment, a cry reached the ship, that pierced
+every heart,--the boys had discovered their enemy.
+
+9. The cry started the old gunner to his senses, and quicker than
+thought, he sprang from the quarter-deck. The guns were all loaded and
+shotted, fore and aft, and none knew their temper better than he. With
+steady hand, made strong by sudden hope, the old gunner seized a
+priming-wire and picked the cartridge of one of the quarter guns; then
+he took from his pocket a percussion cap, fixed it in its place, and set
+back the hammer of the patent lock.
+
+10. With a giant strength the old man swayed the breech of the heavy gun
+to its bearing, and then seizing the string of the lock, he stood back
+and watched for the next swell that would bring the shark in range. He
+had aimed the piece some distance ahead of his mark; but yet a little
+moment would settle his hopes and fears.
+
+11. Every breath was hushed, and every heart in that old ship beat
+painfully. The boat was yet some distance from the boys, while the
+horrid sea-monster was fearfully near. Suddenly the air was rent by the
+roar of the heavy gun; and, as the old man knew his shot was gone, he
+sank back upon the hatch, and covered his face with his hands, as if
+afraid to see the result of his own efforts; for, if he had failed, he
+knew that his boy was lost.
+
+12. For a moment after the report of the gun had died away upon the air,
+there was an unbroken silence; but, as the dense smoke arose from the
+surface of the water, there was, at first, a low murmur breaking from
+the lips of the men,--that murmur grew louder and stronger, till it
+swelled to a joyous, deafening shout. The old gunner sprang to his feet,
+and gazed off on the water, and the first thing that met his view, was
+the huge carcass of the shark, floating on his back--a mangled, lifeless
+mass.
+
+13. In a few moments, the boats reached the daring swimmers, and,
+greatly frightened, they were brought on board. The old man clasped his
+boy in his arms, and then, overcome by the powerful excitement, he
+leaned upon a gun for support. I have seen men in all the phases of
+excitement and suspense, but never have I seen three human beings more
+overcome by thrilling emotions, than on that startling moment when they
+first knew the effect of our gunner's shot.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Where is the town of Tangier? 2. What order had been
+given by the captain of the vessel? 3. Who seemed most to enjoy the
+sport? 4. What is said of the old gunner? 5. What did he do? 6. What
+effect did his shot produce? 7. Describe the closing scene.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXIV.
+
+ DIS GUISE', concealment.
+ WAY' LAID, beset by the way.
+ THREAT' EN ED, declared the intention.
+ IN CLINE, dispose.
+ RUF' FIANS, robbers; murderers.
+ DIS TRIB'UTE, divide; apportion.
+ TREAS' UR Y, place for keeping money.
+ ALMS, gifts; donations.
+ MI' SER LY, covetous; niggardly.
+ SAL' A RY, wages; allowance for services.
+ IN VOLV' ING, entangling.
+ BE WIL' DER ED, puzzled; perplexed.
+ LOG' IC, reasoning.
+ SAGE, wise man.
+ FUL FILL' ING, performing.
+ E VA' SION, departure from truth.
+ DE CEIT', deception; fraud.
+
+
+THE TRUTHFUL KING.
+
+1. A certain Persian king, while traveling in disguise, with but few
+attendants, was waylaid by robbers, who threatened to take not only his
+goods, but his life.
+
+2. Feeling himself beyond the reach of human aid, he inwardly made a
+vow, that if God would incline the hearts of these ruffians to mercy,
+and restore him in safety to his family and people, he would distribute
+all the money then in his treasury, in alms to the needy of his realm.
+
+3. The robbers, from some unknown cause, liberated him, and he soon
+reached home in safety, having sustained no injury, save the loss of the
+small purse of gold that he had carried in his girdle.
+
+4. Desirous of keeping the vow he had made, he summoned his officers,
+and commanded them to make immediate distribution to the poor, of all
+that the treasury contained, at the time of his return.
+
+5. But his officers, more miserly than himself, and, fearful that they
+might fall short in their salaries and pensions, began to urge upon the
+monarch the folly of keeping this rash vow, and the danger of thus
+involving himself and his kingdom in difficulties.
+
+6. Finding he still remained firm, they took other grounds, and
+plausibly argued that the troops and other officials needed aid as well
+as the poor; and, as by the _words_ of his vow, he had bound himself to
+distribute the contents of the treasury to those who had claim to
+relief, the public servants certainly came within the required limits.
+
+7. Bewildered by their false logic, and sincerely desirous of doing
+right, he appealed to a certain sage who dwelt near the royal palace,
+and determined to abide by his decision.
+
+8. The sage, after hearing the case, only asked the following simple
+question: "Of whom were you thinking when you made the vow,--the poor,
+or the public servants?" The monarch replied, "Of the poor." "Then,"
+answered the sage, "it is to the _poor_ you are bound to distribute
+these funds; for you are not _really_ fulfilling your vow, unless you do
+that which you intended to do when it was made." The king was satisfied
+that this was the right decision, and did as the sage advised.
+
+9. Let the young bear in mind that God is a being of truth, requiring
+truth in the inward heart; and, if they would have His approval, and
+that of their own consciences, they must avoid not only the _outward_
+appearance of falsehood, but the slightest evasion or deceit; and when
+promises have been made, fulfill not only the _letter_, but the _spirit_
+of that which they agreed to perform.
+
+10. Beware of the first and slightest departure from truth, of the least
+endeavor to deceive, and even of the desire to have others believe what
+is not so. Let your motto be, _"The truth, the whole truth, and nothing
+but the truth."_
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What happened to a certain Persian king? 2. What vow did
+he then make? 3. What objection did his officers make to this? 4. What
+did the king then do? 5. What was the sage's decision? 6. What motto
+ought you to adopt? 7. What rule for spelling the word _traveling_ with
+one _l_? See SANDERS & McELLIGOTT'S ANALYSIS, page 13, Rule 10.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXV.
+
+ EN TIC' ES, allures; leads astray.
+ PRE TEXT, pretense; false reason.
+ PRO FANE, pollute; defile,
+ TEMP TA' TION, allurement.
+ IN' LY, within; in the heart.
+ DE CLARES, says; asserts.
+ CHAFE, vex; provoke.
+ MAL' ICE, hatred; malevolence.
+ AV' A RICE, excessive love of money.
+ FORE GO', give up; renounce.
+ MAM' MON, god of wealth; riches.
+ IN DIG' NANT, with anger; disdainfully.
+ LU' CRE, gain; profit.
+ EM PRISE', enterprise; undertaking.
+ SURE' TY, security.
+ O VER THROW', subvert; destroy.
+ CON TEMPT', scorn; disdain.
+ SOR' CER ESS, enchantress.
+ EX PEL', (EX, _out_; PEL, _to drive_) drive out; banish.
+ RE SIST', (RE, _again_; SIST, _to stand_,) stand again; hence,
+ to withstand.
+
+ See SANDERS and McELLIGOTT'S ANALYSIS, page 90, Ex. 113; also,
+ page 110, Ex. 142.
+
+
+WHEN SHALL I ANSWER NO?
+
+J.N. McELLIGOTT.
+
+ 1. When FALSEHOOD fair entices thee
+ Against the truth to go,
+ No matter what the pretext be,
+ Be thy firm answer,--No!
+
+ 2. When RASHNESS would thy tongue profane
+ With language vile and low,
+ O, make the gross temptation vain,
+ By answering inly,--No!
+
+ 3. When PRIDE the silly wish declares,
+ That thou should'st fashion know,
+ And lifts thy head with empty airs,
+ Be wise, and answer,--No!
+
+ 4. When ENVY would thy spirit chafe,
+ That others prosper so,
+ On calm contentment resting safe,
+ Expel her with a--No!
+
+ 5. When MALICE foul, or deadly HATE,
+ Would turn thee on a foe,
+ And dark, revengeful thirst create,
+ In horror answer,--No!
+
+ 6. When sluggish SLEEP, with folded arms,
+ Would make thee health forego,
+('')Rise up at once, resist her charms;
+ _Act out_ the answer,--No!
+
+ 7. When AVARICE would, with heartless speed,
+ Shout out the sight of woe,
+ And whisper joy from Mammon's greed,
+ Indignant answer,--No!
+
+ 8. When filthy LUCRE lifts her hand,
+ Ungodly gains to show,
+ Though she should promise all the land,
+ Be thy prompt answer,--No!
+
+ 9. When greedy GAIN, or rash EMPRISE,
+ Would have thee surety go,
+ Keep Wisdom's words [Footnote 1] before thine eyes,
+ And firmly answer,--No!
+
+ 10. When mad AMBITION would seduce,
+ The _right_ to overthrow,
+ And turn the selfish passions loose,
+ In mercy answer,--No!
+
+ 11. When foul CONTEMPT of Holy Writ
+ Would in thy bosom sow
+ The wish to be where scorners sit,[Footnote 2]
+ Let Conscience answer,--No!
+
+ 12. When SIN, indeed, whate'er her style,
+ Would have thee with her go;
+ Stay not to hear the Sorceress vile,
+ But leave her with a--No!
+
+ [Footnote 1: Prov., 11th Chap., 15th verse.]
+ [Footnote 2: 1st Psalm, 1st verse.]
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXVI.
+
+ PE RUSE', read; study.
+ AL LOT' TED, assigned.
+ ME RID' I AN, noon; mid-day.
+ GEN' U INE, true; real.
+ ART' FUL, cunning; crafty.
+ MIM' ICK ED, pretended; counterfeited.
+ PRE SIDE', have sway or rule.
+ DE MER' IT, ill-desert; defect.
+ RU' BY, precious stone.
+ PUP' PET, little image.
+ DE TER' MINE, decide; find out.
+ ER' MINE, fine fur--(of the ermine.)
+ CAP' TOR, one who takes a prize.
+ SCEP' TERS, emblems of authority.
+ CHA' RY, careful; wary.
+ MYS' TIC, secret; mysterious.
+
+We have seldom seen any thing so full of wit, truth, and practical
+wisdom, as this poem inscribed.
+
+
+TO MASTERS ROBERT AND JOHN.
+
+ 1. Take this book, my boys,
+ Earnestly peruse it;
+ Much of after lies
+ In the way ye use it:
+ Keep it neat and clean;
+ For, remember, in it,
+ Every stain that's seen,
+ Marks a thoughtless minute.
+
+ 2. Life is like a book,
+ Time is like a printer,
+ Darting now his look
+ Where has gloomed no winter.
+ Thus he'll look, and on,
+ Till each page allotted,
+ Robert, thee and John,
+ Printed be or blotted.
+
+ 3. Youth's a sunny beam,
+ Dancing o'er a river,
+ With a flashing gleam,
+ Then away forever.
+ Use it while ye may,
+ Not in childish mourning,--
+ Not in childish play,
+ But in _useful learning_.
+
+ 4. As your years attain
+ Life's meridian brightness,
+ Hourly seek and gain
+ _Genuine politeness:_
+ This lives not in forms,
+ As too many teach us,--
+ Not in open arms,
+ Not in silken speeches,
+
+ 5. Not in haughty eye,
+ Not in artful dealing,
+ Not within the sigh
+ Of a mimicked feeling:
+ But its lights preside
+ Rich in nature's splendor,
+ Over honest pride,
+ Gentleness and candor.
+
+ 6. Slight ye not the soul
+ For the frame's demerit;
+ Oft a shattered bowl
+ Holds a mighty spirit:
+ Never search a breast
+ By thy ruby's glances;
+ Pomp's a puppet guest,
+ Danced by circumstances.
+
+ 7. What is good and great,
+ Sense can soon determine;
+ Prize it though ye meet,
+ Or in rags or ermine.
+ Fortune's truly blind;
+ Fools may be her captors;
+ But the _wealth of mind_
+ Stands above their scepters.
+
+ 8. Value not the lips
+ Swiftest kept in motion,
+ Fleetly-sailing ships
+ Draw no depth of ocean:
+ Snatch the chary gleam,
+ From the cautious knowing
+ For the deepest stream
+ Scarcely lisps 'tis flowing.
+
+ 9. Cull from bad and good
+ Every seeming flower,
+ Store it up as food
+ For some hungry hour:
+ Press its every leaf,
+ And remember, Johnny,
+ Even weeds the chief
+ May have drops of honey.
+
+10. Pomp and power alone
+ Never make a blessing;
+ Seek not e'en a throne
+ By one wretch distressing.
+ Better toil a slave
+ For the blood-earned penny,
+ Than be rich, and have
+ A curse on every guinea.
+
+11. Think, my gentle boys,
+ Every man a brother!
+ _That's where honor lies,_
+ Nay, but _greatness_ rather:
+ One's the mystic whole,
+ Lordly flesh won't know it;
+ But the kingly soul,
+ Sees but vice below it.
+
+12. Robert, thoughts like these,
+ Store you more than money;
+ Read them not to please,
+ But to practice, Johnny.
+ Artless though their dress,
+ As an infant's dimple,
+ _Truth is none the less_
+ _For being truly simple._
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What did the writer tell Robert and John to do with the
+book, given them? 2. What use did he tell them to make of Youth?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXVII.
+
+ AV A RI'' CIOUS, greedy after gain.
+ IN' TI MATE, close in friendship.
+ EA' GER NESS, ardent desire.
+ FRU GAL' I TY, wise economy.
+ AC QUI SI'' TIONS, gains.
+ AF' FLU ENCE, great wealth.
+ SUC' CES SION, regular order.
+ MOIL' ING, drudging; laboring.
+ DIS CON TIN' U ED, ceased.
+ AS SI DU' I TY, untiring diligence.
+ DIS GUST' ED, greatly dissatisfied.
+ IN DULG' ED, gratified.
+ MON' STROUS, very large.
+ SUC CEED' ING, following.
+ MAT' TOCK, pick-ax.
+ UN DER MINE', dig under.
+ O' MEN, sign; token.
+ IM AG' IN ED, conceived.
+
+
+WHANG, THE MILLER.
+
+GOLDSMITH.
+
+1. Whang, the miller, was naturally avaricious; nobody loved money
+better than he, or more respected those that had it. When people would
+talk of a rich man in company, Whang would say, "_I_ know him very well,
+_he_ and _I_ have been very long acquainted; _he_ and _I_ are intimate."
+
+2. But, if a poor man was mentioned, he had not the least knowledge of
+the man; he might be very well, for aught _he_ knew; but he was not fond
+of making many acquaintances, and loved to choose his company.
+
+3. Whang, however, with all his eagerness for riches, was poor. He had
+nothing but the profits of his mill to support him; but, though these
+were small, they were certain: while it stood and went, he was sure of
+eating; and his frugality was such, that he, every day, laid some money
+by; which he would, at intervals, count and contemplate with much
+satisfaction.
+
+4. Yet still his acquisitions were not equal to his desires; he only
+found himself above want; whereas he desired to be possessed of
+affluence. One day, as he was indulging these wishes, he was informed
+that a neighbor of his had found a pan of money under ground, having
+dreamed of it three nights in succession.
+
+5. These tidings were daggers to the heart of poor Whang. "Here am I,"
+said he, "toiling and moiling from morning till night for a few paltry
+farthings, while neighbor Thanks only goes quietly to bed, and dreams
+himself into thousands before morning. Oh, that I could dream like him!
+With what pleasure would I dig round the pan! How slyly would I carry it
+home! Not even my wife should see me! And then, oh the pleasure of
+thrusting one's hands into a heap of gold up to the elbows!"
+
+6. Such reflections only served to make the miller unhappy. He
+discontinued his former assiduity; he was quite disgusted with small
+gains; and his customers began to forsake him. Every day he repeated the
+wish, and every night laid himself down in order to dream. Fortune, that
+was for a long time unkind, at last, however, seemed to smile upon his
+distress, and indulged him with the wished-for vision.
+
+7. He dreamed that under a certain part of the foundation of his mill,
+there was concealed a monstrous pan of gold and diamonds, buried deep in
+the ground, and covered with a large flat stone. He concealed his good
+luck from every person, as is usual in money-dreams, in order to have
+the vision repeated the two succeeding nights, by which he should be
+certain of its truth. His wishes in this, also, were answered; he still
+dreamed of the same pan of money, in the very same place.
+
+8. Now, therefore, it was past a doubt; so, getting up early the third
+morning, he repaired, alone, with a mattock in his hand, to the mill,
+and began to undermine that part of the wall to which the vision
+directed. The first omen of success that he met with, was a broken ring;
+digging still deeper, he turned up a house-tile, quite new and entire.
+
+9. At last, after much digging, he came to a broad flat stone; but then
+it was so large, that it was beyond his strength to remove it.
+"_There_," cried he in raptures to himself, "_there it is!_ under this
+stone, there is room for a very large pan of diamonds indeed. I must
+e'en go home to my wife, and tell her the whole affair, and get her to
+assist me in turning it up." Away, therefore, he goes, and acquaints his
+wife with every circumstance of their good fortune.
+
+10. Her raptures, on this occasion, may easily be imagined; she flew
+round his neck, and embraced him in an agony of joy. But these
+transports, however, did not allay their eagerness to know the exact
+sum; returning, together, to the place where Whang had been digging,
+there they found--not, indeed, the expected treasure--but the mill,
+their only support, undermined and fallen!
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Upon what was Whang, the miller, dependent for support?
+2. Why was he not satisfied? 3. What did he say to himself, after the
+information he had received from a neighbor? 4. What effect had such
+reflections upon him? 5. What did he dream three nights successively? 6.
+What did he do? 7. What was the result?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXVIII.
+
+ PO LITE' NESS, good manners.
+ FI DEL' I TY, faithfulness.
+ IN CU BA' TION, act of hatching eggs.
+ REC RE A' TION, pastime; amusement.
+ DE MURE' LY, gravely; with affected modesty.
+ AP PRE CI A' TION, estimate.
+ LITHE, nimble; flexible.
+ EX' IT, departure; going out.
+ ARCH' I TECTS, (_ch_, like _k_,) builders.
+ SA LI' VA, spittle.
+ SE CRETE', to deposit; produce.
+ CON'' GRE GATE, collect together.
+ FLEDG' ED, furnished with feathers.
+ DO MAIN', realm; kingdom.
+ AC COM MO DA' TIONS, conveniences.
+ MI' GRATE, remove; travel.
+ SPHERE, (_ph_ like _f_,) circuit of action.
+
+
+CHIMNEY-SWALLOWS.
+
+HENRY WARD BEECHER.
+
+1. Every one knows, who lives in the country, what a chimney-swallow is.
+They are among the birds that seem to love the neighborhood of man. Many
+birds there are, that nestle confidingly in the protection of their
+superiors, and are seldom found nesting or breeding far from human
+habitations.
+
+2. The wren builds close to your door. Sparrows and robins, if well
+treated, will make their nests right under your window, in some favorite
+tree, and will teach you, if you choose to go into the business, how to
+build birds' nests.
+
+3. A great deal of politeness and fidelity may be learned. The female
+bird is waited upon, fed, cheered with singing, during her incubation,
+in a manner that might give lessons to the household. Nay, when she
+needs exercise and recreation, her husband very demurely takes her
+place, and keeps the eggs warm in the most gentlemanly way.
+
+4. Barn-swallows have a very sensible appreciation of the pleasures of
+an ample barn. A barn might not be found quite the thing to live in,
+(although we have seen many a place where we would take the barn sooner
+than the house,) but it is one of the most charming places in a
+summer-day to lounge, read, or nap in.
+
+5. And, as you lie on your back upon the sweet-scented hay-mow, or upon
+clean straw thrown down on the great floor, reading books of natural
+history, it is very pleasant to see the flitting swallows glance in and
+out, or course about under the roof, with motion so lithe and rapid as
+to seem more like the glancing of shadows than the winging of birds.
+Their mud-nests are clean, if they _are_ made of dirt; and you would
+never dream, from their feathers, what sort of a house they lived in.
+
+6. But, it was of _chimney-swallows_ that we began to write; and they
+are just now roaring in the little, stubbed chimney behind us, to remind
+us of our duty. Every evening we hear them; for a nest of young ones
+brings the parents in with food, early and late, and every entrance or
+exit is like a distant roll of thunder, or like those old-fashioned
+rumblings of high winds in the chimney, which made us children think
+that all out-of-doors was coming down the chimney in stormy nights.
+
+7. These little architects build their simple nests upon the sides of
+the chimney with sticks, which they are said to break off from dead
+branches of trees, though they might more easily pick them up already
+prepared. But they, doubtless, have their own reasons for cutting their
+own timber. Then these are glued to the wall by a saliva which they
+secrete, so that they carry their mortar in their mouths, and use their
+bills for trowels.
+
+8. When the young are ready to leave, they climb up the chimney to the
+top, by means of their sharp claws, aided by their tail-feathers, which
+are short, stiff, and at the end armed with sharp spines. Two broods are
+reared in a season. From the few which congregate in any one
+neighborhood, one would not suspect the great numbers which assemble at
+the end of the season. Audubon estimated that _nine thousand_ entered a
+large sycamore-tree, every night, to roost, near Louisville, Kentucky.
+
+9. Sometimes the little nest has been slighted in building, or the
+weight proves too great, and down it comes into the fire-place, to the
+great amusement of the children, who are all a-fever to hold in their
+hands these clean, bright-eyed little fellows. Who would suspect that
+they had ever been bred in such a flue?
+
+10. And it was just this thought that set us to writing. Because a bird
+lives in a chimney, he need not be _smutty_. There is many a fine
+feather that lives in a chimney-corner. Nor are birds the _only_
+instances. Many men are born in a garret, or in a cellar, who fly out of
+it, as soon as fledged, as fine as any body. A lowly home has reared
+many high natures.
+
+11. On these bare sticks, right against the bricks, in this smoky flue,
+the eggs are laid, the brooding goes on, the young are hatched, fed,
+grown. But then comes the day when they spread the wing, and the whole
+heaven is theirs! From morning to night, they can not touch the bounds
+of their liberty!
+
+12. And, in like manner, it is with the human soul that has learned to
+know its liberty. Born in a body, pent up, and cramped, it seems
+imprisoned in a mere smoky flue for passions. But, when once faith has
+taught the soul that it has wings, then it begins to fly; and flying,
+finds that all God's domain is its liberty.
+
+13. And, as the swallow that comes back to roost in its hard hole at
+night, is quite content, so that the morning gives it again all the
+bright heavens for its soaring-ground, so may men, close quartered and
+cramped in bodily accommodations, be quite patient of their narrow
+bounds, for their thoughts may fly out every day gloriously.
+
+14. And as, in autumn, these children of the chimney gather in flocks,
+and fly away to heavens without a winter, so men shall find a day when
+they, too, shall migrate; and, rising into a higher sphere, without
+storm or winter, shall remember the troubles of this mortal life, as
+birds in Florida may be supposed to remember the northern chills, which
+drove them forth to a fairer clime.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What birds seem to love the neighborhood of man? 2. In
+what respects may men be like birds?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXIX.
+
+The first part of each verse, or that portion read by the _First Voice_,
+should be expressed in a slow and despondent tone of voice: the second
+part, or that read by the _Second Voice_, should be expressed in a more
+sprightly and cheerful manner.
+
+
+THE DOUBTING HEART.
+
+ADELAIDE A. PROCTER.
+
+
+FIRST VOICE.
+
+ 1. Where are the swallows fled?
+ Frozen and dead,
+Perchance, upon some bleak and stormy shore.
+
+SECOND VOICE.
+
+ O doubting heart!
+ Far over purple seas,
+ They wait, in sunny ease,
+ The balmy southern breeze,
+To bring them to their northern homes once more.
+
+
+FIRST VOICE.
+
+ 2. Why must the flowers die?
+ Poisoned they lie
+In the cold tomb, heedless of tears or rain.
+
+SECOND VOICE.
+
+ O doubting heart!
+ They only sleep below
+ The soft, white ermine snow,
+ While winter winds shall blow,
+To breathe and smile upon you soon again.
+
+
+FIRST VOICE.
+
+ 3. The sun has hid its rays
+ These many days;
+Will dreary hours never leave the earth?
+
+SECOND VOICE.
+
+ O doubting heart!
+ The stormy clouds on high
+ Vail the same sunny sky,
+ That soon, (for Spring is nigh,)
+Shall wake the Summer into golden mirth.
+
+
+FIRST VOICE.
+
+ 4. Fair Hope is dead, and light
+ Is quenched in night.
+What sound can break the silence of despair?
+
+SECOND VOICE.
+
+ O doubting heart!
+ The sky is overcast,
+ Yet stars shall rise at last,
+ Brighter for darkness past,
+And angels' silver voices stir the air.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXX.
+
+ DECK'ED, dressed; arrayed.
+ TRAIL'ING, hanging down; following one after another.
+ UN FAIL'ING, constant; continually.
+ UN PLI'ANT, stiff; unbending.
+ DE FI'ANT, daring; bidding defiance.
+ VES'PER, evening.
+ CRISP'ER, more brittle.
+ TREAS'URES, wealth; riches.
+ MER'IT, desert; goodness.
+ IN HER'IT, occupy; possess.
+ MOR'SEL, bit; small piece.
+ WAIL'ING, loudly lamenting.
+ RAIL'ING, clamoring.
+
+
+THE COMING OF WINTER.
+
+T.B. READ.
+
+1. Autumn's sighing,
+ Moaning, dying,
+ Clouds are flying
+ On like steeds;
+ While their shadows
+ O'er the meadows.
+ Walk like widows
+ Decked in weeds.
+
+2. Red leaves trailing,
+ Fall unfailing,
+ Dropping, sailing,
+ From the wood,
+ That, unpliant,
+ Stands defiant,
+ Like a giant
+ Dropping blood.
+
+3. Winds are swelling
+ Round our dwelling,
+ All day telling
+ Us their woe;
+ And, at vesper,
+ Frosts grow crisper,
+ As they whisper
+ Of the snow.
+
+4. From th' unseen land,
+ Frozen inland,
+ Down from Greenland,
+ Winter glides,
+ Shedding lightness
+ Like the brightness
+ When moon-whiteness
+ Fills the tides.
+
+5. Now bright Pleasure's
+ Sparkling measures
+ With rare treasures
+ Overflow!
+ With this gladness
+ Comes what sadness!
+ Oh, what madness,
+ Oh, what woe!
+
+6. Even merit
+ May inherit
+ Some bare garret,
+ Or the ground;
+ Or, a worse ill,
+ Beg a morsel
+ At some door-sill,
+ Like a hound.
+
+7. Storms are trailing,
+ Winds are wailing,
+ Howling, railing,
+ At each door.
+ 'Midst this trailing
+ Howling, railing,
+ List the wailing
+ Of the poor!
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What is the first sign of the coming of winter? 2. What,
+the second? 3. What, the third? 4. What are some of the pleasures of
+winter? 5. What is said of the poor in winter? 6. What is the use of the
+apostrophes in the words _autumn's, o'er, pleasure's, 'midst,_ &c.?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXXI.
+
+ LIVE' LONG, whole; entire.
+ EAVES, edges of a roof.
+ E' VEN TIDE, evening.
+ STRIV' EN, struggled; contended.
+ RE LIEV' ED, mitigated; alleviated.
+ WRETCH' ED NESS, distress; destitution.
+ OF FENSE', fault; crime.
+ PEN' I TENCE, repentance; contrition.
+ EL' O QUENT LY, forcibly; persuasively.
+
+
+CHILD TIRED OF PLAY.
+
+N.P. WILLIS.
+
+ 1. Tired of play`! tired of play`!
+ What hast thou done this livelong day`?
+ The birds are silent', and so is the bee`;
+ The sun is creeping up steeple and tree`;
+ The doves have flown to the sheltering eaves',
+ And the nests are dark with the drooping leaves';
+ Twilight gathers', and day is done`,--
+ How hast them spent it`,--restless one'?
+
+ 2. Playing`? But what hast thou done beside,
+ To tell thy mother at eventide`?
+ What promise of morn is left unbroken`?
+ What kind word to thy playmates spoken`?
+ Whom hast thou pitied, and whom forgiven`?
+ How with thy faults has duty striven`?
+ What hast thou learned by field and hill,
+ By greenwood path, and by singing rill`?
+
+ 3. There will come an eve to a longer day',
+ That will find thee tired`,--but not of play'!
+ And thou wilt lean, as thou leanest now,
+ With drooping limbs, and aching brow,
+ And wish the shadows would faster creep,
+ And long to go to thy quiet sleep.
+ _Well_ were it then, if thine aching brow
+ Were as free from sin and shame as now!
+ _Well_ for thee, if thy lip could tell
+ A tale like this, of _a day spent well_.
+
+ 4. If thine open hand hath relieved distress',--
+ If thy pity hath sprung to wretchedness',--
+ If thou hast forgiven the sore offense',
+ And humbled thy heart with penitence',--
+ If Nature's voices have spoken to thee
+ With her holy meanings eloquently',--
+ If every creature hath won thy love',
+ From the creeping worm to the brooding dove',--
+ If never a sad, low-spoken word
+ Hath pled with thy human heart unheard',--
+ _Then_`, when the night steals on, as now,
+ It will bring relief to thine aching brow,
+ And, with joy and peace at the thought of rest,
+ Thou wilt sink to sleep on thy mother's breast.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What had the child been doing? 2. What questions did the
+mother ask? 3. What did she tell the child would come? 4. What is meant
+by _eve to a longer day_, third verse? 5. What, by _quiet sleep_, same
+verse? 6. What ought we to do in life, in order to have a joyful and
+peaceful death? 7. What rule for the rising inflection on _restless
+one_, first verse? See page 32, Note I. 8. What rule for the falling
+inflection on _playing_, second verse? See page 29, Rule II. 9. What
+rule for the rising inflections in the fourth verse? Rule V., page 31.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXXII.
+
+ NORTH-EAST' ERS, north-east winds.
+ EX HAUST' ED, (_x_ like _gz_,) tired out.
+ VIG' I LANT, watchful.
+ DE TECT' ED, discovered.
+ LEE' WARD, pertaining to the part toward which the wind blows.
+ RE CED' ING, retiring; passing away.
+ BRILL' IAN CY, brightness; luster.
+ TILL' ER, bar used to turn the rudder.
+ TORT' URE, anguish of spirit.
+ DE SERT' ED, relinquished; abandoned.
+ RA PID' I TY, speed; swiftness.
+ EN VEL' OP ED, inclosed; covered.
+ GEN' ER A TED, produced.
+ LETH' AR GY, drowsiness; dullness.
+ RES' CUE, deliverance.
+ IN EV' I TA BLY, surely; certainly.
+ ES PY' ING, seeing; discovering.
+ CON' TACT, (CON, _together_; TAC, _touch_,) a touching together;
+ close union.
+
+
+THE RESCUE.
+
+BY A SEA CAPTAIN.
+
+1. On a bright moonlight night, in the month of February, 1831, when it
+was intensely cold, the little brig which I commanded, lay quietly at
+her anchors, inside of Sandy Hook. We had had a hard time, beating about
+for eleven days off this coast, with cutting north-easters blowing, and
+snow and sleet falling for the most part of that time.
+
+2. Forward, the vessel was thickly coated with ice, and it was hard work
+to handle her; as the rigging and sails were stiff, and yielded only
+when the strength of the men was exerted to the utmost. When we, at
+length, made the port, all hands were worn down and exhausted.
+
+3. "A bitter cold night, Mr. Larkin," I said to my mate, as I tarried
+for a short time upon deck. The worthy down-easter buttoned his coat
+more tightly around him, and, looking up to the moon, replied, "It's a
+whistler, captain; and nothing can live comfortably out of blankets
+to-night."
+
+4. "The tide is running out swift and strong, and it will be well to
+keep a sharp look-out for this floating ice, Mr. Larkin," said I, as I
+turned to go below. "Ay, ay, sir," responded the faithful mate.
+
+5. About two hours afterward, I was aroused from a sound sleep by the
+vigilant officer. "Excuse me for disturbing you, captain," said he, as
+he detected an expression of vexation in my face, "but I wish you would
+turn out, and come on deck as soon as possible."
+
+6. "What's the matter, Mr. Larkin," said I. "Why, sir, I have been
+watching a large cake of ice, which swept by at a distance, a moment
+ago; and I saw something black upon it, something that I thought moved.
+The moon is under a cloud, and I could not see distinctly; but I believe
+there is a child floating out to the sea, this freezing night, on that
+cake of ice."
+
+7. We were on deck before either spoke another word. The mate pointed
+out, with no little difficulty, the cake of ice floating off to the
+leeward, with its white, glittering surface broken by a black spot. "Get
+the glass, Mr. Larkin," said I; "the moon will be out of that cloud in a
+moment, and then we can see distinctly."
+
+8. I kept my eye upon the receding mass of ice, while the moon was
+slowly working her way through a heavy bank of clouds. The mate stood by
+me with the glass; and when the full light fell upon the water with a
+brilliancy only known in our northern latitudes, I put the glass to my
+eye. One glance was enough.
+
+9. (_''_)"_Forward, there!_" I hailed at the top of my voice; and, with
+one bound, I reached the main hatch, and began to clear away the little
+cutter, which was stowed in the ship's yawl. Mr. Larkin had taken the
+glass to look for himself, "_There are two children on that cake of
+ice!_" he exclaimed, as he hastened to assist me in getting out the
+boat.
+
+10. The men answered my hail, and walked quickly aft. In a short space
+of time, we launched the cutter, into which Mr. Larkin and myself
+jumped, followed by the two men, who took the oars. I rigged the tiller,
+and the mate sat beside me in the stern sheets.
+
+11. "Do you see that cake of ice with something black upon it, my lads?
+Put me alongside of that, and I'll give you a month's extra wages when
+you are paid off," said I to the men.
+
+12. They bent to their oars, but their strokes were uneven and feeble;
+for they were worn out by the hard duty of the preceding fortnight; and,
+though they did their best, the boat made little more headway than the
+tide. It was a losing chase, and Mr. Larkin, who was suffering torture
+as he saw how little we gained, cried out, "_Pull, lads! I'll double the
+captain's prize: two months' extra pay: pull, lads! pull for life!_"
+
+13. A convulsive effort at the oars told how willing the men were to
+obey; but the strength of the strong man was gone. One of the poor
+fellows washed us twice in recovering his oar, and then gave out; and
+the other was nearly as far gone. Mr. Larkin sprang forward and seized
+the deserted oar. "Lie down in the bottom of the boat," said he to the
+man; "and, captain, take the other oar; we must row for ourselves."
+
+14. I took the second man's place. Larkin had stripped off his coat,
+and, as he pulled the bow, I waited for the signal stroke. It came
+gently, but firm; and the next moment we were pulling a long, steady
+stroke; gradually increasing in rapidity, until the wood seemed to smoke
+in the row-locks. We kept time, each by the long, deep breathing of the
+other.
+
+15. Such a pull! We bent forward until our faces almost touched our
+knees; and then throwing all our strength into the backward movement,
+drew on the oar until every inch covered by the sweep was gained. Thus
+we worked at the oars for fifteen minutes; and it seemed to me as many
+hours. The sweat rolled off in great drops, and I was enveloped in a
+steam generated from my own body.
+
+16. "Are we almost up to it, Mr. Larkin?" I gasped out. "Almost,
+captain," said he: "and _don't give up!_ for the love of our dear little
+ones at home: _don't give up_, captain!" The oars flashed as their
+blades turned up to the moonlight, for the men who plied them were
+fathers, and had fathers' hearts.
+
+17. Suddenly Mr. Larkin ceased pulling; and my heart, for a moment,
+almost stopped its beating; for the terrible thought that he had given
+out, crossed my mind. But I was re-assured by his voice, (_p_) "Gently,
+captain, gently: a stroke or two more: there, that will do;" and the
+next moment Mr. Larkin sprang upon the ice. I started up, and, calling
+to the men to make fast the boat to the ice, followed him.
+
+18. We ran to the dark spot in the center of the mass, and found two
+little boys. The head of the smaller was resting in the bosom of the
+larger; and both were fast asleep. The lethargy, which would have been
+fatal but for the timely rescue, had overcome them.
+
+19. Mr. Larkin grasped one of the lads, cut off his shoes, tore off his
+jacket, and then, loosening his own garments to the skin, placed the
+cold child in contact with his own warm body, carefully wrapping his
+overcoat around him. I did the same with the other child, and we then
+returned to the boat.
+
+20. The children, as we learned when we had the delight of restoring
+them to their parents, were playing on the cake of ice, which had jammed
+into a bend of the river, about ten miles above New York. A movement of
+the tide set the ice in motion, and the little fellows were borne away,
+that cold night, and would have inevitably perished, but for Mr.
+Larkin's espying them as they were sweeping out to sea.
+
+21. "How do you feel, Mr. Larkin?" I said to the mate, the morning after
+this adventure. "A little stiff in the arms, captain," the noble fellow
+replied, while the big tears of grateful happiness gathered in his
+eyes,--"a little stiff in the arms, captain, but very easy here,"
+laying his hand on the rough chest in which beat a true and manly heart.
+My quaint down-easter, He who lashes the seas into fury, and lets loose
+the tempest, will care for thee! The storms may rage without, but in
+_thy_ bosom peace and sunshine abide always.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Describe the condition of the vessel as she lay at anchor
+inside Sandy Hook. 2. What did the captain say to Mr. Larkin, as he
+retired to rest? 3. Why did Mr. Larkin wake up the captain? 4. What did
+they discover on a cake of ice, floating out to sea? 5. Who went to
+their rescue? 6. What did the captain say to the rowers of the boat? 7.
+What did Mr. Larkin say to them? 8. Did they finally succeed in rescuing
+the children? 9. How came the two boys to be on that cake of ice? 10.
+What did Mr. Larkin say, when the captain asked him how he felt?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXXIII.
+
+ A DORN' ED, decorated; embellished.
+ SPOILS, booty; prey.
+ ANT' LERS, branching horns.
+ SUS PEND' ED, hung; atatched.
+ DIS TRACT' ED, disturbed; disordered.
+ FU' GI TIVE, runaway; wanderer.
+ BE SET', hemmed in; surrounded.
+ TRAI' TORS, betrayers.
+ HEATH, place overgrown with shrubs.
+ LIEGE, lord; sovereign.
+ LOY' AL, true; faithful.
+ FE' AL TY, loyalty; fidelity.
+ MA' TRON, married woman.
+ REC OG NIZ' ED, knew; recollected.
+ IN VAD' ERS, persons invading.
+
+
+ROBERT BRUCE AND THE SCOTCH WOMAN.
+
+ANON.
+
+1. Many years ago, an old Scotch woman sat alone, spinning by the
+kitchen fire, in her little cottage. The room was adorned with the
+spoils of the chase, and many implements of war and hunting. There were
+spears, bows and arrows, swords, and shields; and, against the side of
+the room, hung a pair of huge antlers, once reared on the lordly brow of
+a "stag of ten," [Footnote: That is, a stag ten years old. The age of
+the animal is known by the number of prongs or tines, each year one new
+prong being added.] on which were suspended skins, plaids, bonnets, and
+one or two ponderous battle-axes.
+
+2. The table, in the middle of the floor, was spread for supper, and
+some oatmeal cakes were baking before the fire. But the dame was not
+thinking of any of _these things_, nor of her two manly sons, who, in an
+adjoining room, were busily preparing for the next day's sport.
+
+3. She was thinking of the distracted state of her native land, and of
+the good king, Robert Bruce, a fugitive in his own kingdom, beset, on
+every hand, by open enemies and secret traitors. "Alas!" thought she,
+"to-night I dwell here in peace, while to-morrow may see me driven out
+into the heath; and even now our king is a wanderer, with no shelter for
+his weary limbs."
+
+4. A loud knock at the door broke in upon her musings. She rose,
+trembling with fear, to unbar the entrance, and beheld a man closely
+muffled in a cloak. "My good woman," said he, "will you grant a poor
+traveler the shelter of your roof to-night'?"
+
+5. "Right willingly will I," said she; "for the love of _one_, for whose
+sake all travelers are welcome here." 6. "For whose sake is it that you
+make all wanderers welcome?" asked the stranger.
+
+7. "For the sake of our good king, Robert Bruce, who, though he is now
+hunted like a wild beast, with horn and hound, I trust yet to see on the
+throne of Scotland!"
+
+8. "Nay, then, my good woman," replied the man, "since you love him so
+well, know that you see him now _I_ am Robert Bruce."
+
+9. "_You'!_--are _you_ our king'?" she inquired, sinking on her knees,
+and reverently kissing his hand; "where, then, are your followers, and
+why are you thus alone?"
+
+10. "I have no followers now," replied Bruce, "and am, therefore,
+compelled to travel alone."
+
+11. "Nay, my liege," exclaimed the loyal dame, "that you shall do no
+longer; for here are my two sons, whom I give to you, and may they long
+live to serve and defend your majesty!"
+
+12. The Scottish youths bent their knees, and took the oath of fealty;
+and then, sitting beside the fire, the king entered into conversation
+with his new retainers, while their mother was busied in preparing the
+evening meal.
+
+13. Suddenly, they were startled by the tramp of horses' hoofs, and the
+voices of men. "'_Tis the English!_" shouted the matron, "_fight to the
+last, my sons, and defend your king!_" But, at this moment, the king
+recognized the voices of Lord James, of Douglas, and of Edward Bruce,
+and bade them have no fear.
+
+14. Bruce was overjoyed at meeting with his brother, and his faithful
+friend Douglas, who had with them a band of one hundred and fifty men.
+He bade farewell to the brave and loyal woman, and, taking with him her
+two sons, left the place.
+
+15. The two young Scots served Bruce well and faithfully, and were high
+officers in his service when, at the head of a conquering army, he drove
+the English invaders from the soil of Scotland, and rendered her again a
+_free and independent kingdom_.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Describe the room in which the Scotch woman resided. 2,
+What is meant by a "_stag of ten?_" 3. Who did the stranger prove to be?
+4. Who joined Bruce? 5. What did Bruce and his men then do?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXXIV.
+
+ PROS PER' ITY, success; good fortune.
+ DIG' NI FIES, elevates; ennobles.
+ SUS TAIN' ED, endured; suffered.
+ AD VERS' I TY, calamity; misfortune.
+ UN ERR' ING, sure; certain.
+ FOR LORN', forsaken; wretched.
+ CAN' O PY, covering overhead.
+ EI DER DOWN, fine, soft feathers from the eider-duck.
+ DE VOID', destitute.
+ IM MERS' ED, inwrapped; sunk.
+ GOS' SA MER Y, like gossamer; filmy.
+ RE COIL' ED, started back.
+ FOIL' ED, frustrated; defeated.
+ RO MANCE', fiction.
+ TRIV' I AL, small; trifling.
+ CON FIDE', trust; believe.
+ AD' VERSE, contrary; opposite.
+ PALM, token of victory.
+
+
+ROBERT BRUCE AND THE SPIDER.
+
+BERNARD BARTON.
+
+ 1. Not in _prosperity's broad light_,
+ Can reason justly scan
+ The _sterling worth which_, viewed aright,
+ _Most dignifies the man_.
+ Favored at once by wind and tide,
+ The skillful pilot well may guide
+ The bark in safety on;
+ Yet, when his harbor he has gained,
+ He who no conflict hath sustained,
+ No meed has fairly won.
+
+ 2. But in _adversity's dark hour_
+ _Of peril and of fear,_
+ When clouds above the vessel lower,
+ With scarce one star to cheer;
+ When winds are loud, and waves are high,
+ And ocean, to a timid eye,
+ Appears the seaman's grave;
+ Amid the conflict, calm, unmoved,
+ By truth's unerring test is proved
+ _The skillful and the brave._
+
+ 3. For Scotland and her freedom's right
+ The Bruce his part had played;
+ _In five successive fields of fight_
+ _Been conquered and dismayed._
+ _Once more, against the English host_
+ _His band he led, and once more lost_
+ _The meed for which he fought;_
+ And now, from battle faint and worn,
+ The homeless fugitive forlorn
+ A hut's lone shelter sought.
+
+ 4. And cheerless was that resting-place
+ For him who claimed a throne;
+ His canopy, devoid of grace,--
+ The rude, rough beams alone;
+ The heather couch his only bed,
+ Yet well I know had slumber fled
+ From couch of eider down;
+ Through darksome night to dawn of day,
+ Immersed in wakeful thought he lay,
+ Of Scotland and her crown.
+
+ 5. The sun rose brightly, and its gleam
+ Fell on that hapless bed,
+ And tinged with light each shapeless beam
+ Which roofed the lowly shed;
+ When, looking up with wistful eye,
+ The Bruce beheld a spider try
+ His filmy thread to fling
+ From beam to beam of that rude cot;
+ And well the insect's toilsome lot
+ Taught Scotland's future king.
+
+ 6. Six times his gossamery thread
+ The wary spider threw:
+ In vain the filmy line was sped;
+ For, powerless or untrue,
+ Each aim appeared and back recoiled
+ The patient insect, _six times foiled_,
+ And yet unconquered still;
+ And soon the Bruce, with eager eye,
+ Saw him prepare once more to try
+ His courage, strength, and skill.
+
+ 7. _One effort more, the seventh and last_,--
+ The hero hailed the sign!
+ And on the wished-for beam hung fast
+ The slender, silken line.
+ Slight as it was, his spirit caught
+ The more than omen; for his thought
+ The lesson well could trace,
+ Which even "he who runs may read,"
+ That _perseverance gains its meed_,
+ And _patience wins the race_.
+
+ 8. Is it a tale of mere romance'?
+ Its moral is the same,--
+ A light and trivial circumstance'?
+ Some thought, it still may claim.
+ Art thou a father'? teach thy son
+ Never to deem that _all is done_,
+ While _aught remains untried_;
+ To hope, though every hope seems crossed,
+ And when his bark is tempest-tossed
+ Still calmly to confide.
+
+ 9. Hast thou been long and often foiled
+ (<) By adverse wind and seas'?
+ And vainly struggled, vainly toiled,
+ For what some win with ease'?
+ Yet bear up heart, and hope, and will,
+ Nobly resolved to struggle still,
+ With patience persevere;
+ Knowing, when darkest seems the night,
+ The dawn of morning's glorious light
+ Is swiftly drawing near.
+
+10. Art thou a Christian? shall the frown
+ Of fortune cause dismay'?
+ The Bruce but won an _earthly crown_,
+ Which long hath passed away;
+ For thee a _heavenly crown_ awaits;
+ For thee are oped the pearly gates,--
+ Prepared the deathless palm:
+ But bear in mind that _only those_
+ _Who persevere unto the close,_
+ _Can join in Victory's psalm_.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Will smooth seas and favoring gales make a skillful
+mariner? 2. What will make skillful and brave men? 3. In what respect is
+adversity better than prosperity? 4. What story illustrates this fact?
+5. How many times did the spider try, before it succeeded? 6. In how
+many battles had Bruce been defeated? 7. What important lesson is taught
+youth? 8. What encouragement is given to the Christian?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXXV.
+
+ PA' TRI OT' IC, having love of country.
+ OB SER VA' TION, remark, expression.
+ POP' U LAR, well received; prevailing.
+ E QUAL' I TY, sameness of social position.
+ AUD' I BLE, that may be heard.
+ DE TER' MIN ED, fully resolved.
+ HES' I TATE, scruple.
+ BRA' VO, well done.
+ BROILS, wrangles; quarrels.
+ RENOWN' ED, famed; celebrated.
+ O' DI OUS, hateful; offensive.
+ COUNT' ESS, wife of a count or earl.
+ FAG-END', the meaner part.
+ NO BIL' I TY, noble rank.
+ BUR LESQUE', (_burlesk',_) ridicule.
+ HE RED' I TA RY, coming by descent.
+ CON' STI TUTES, forms; composes.
+ APH' O RISMS, precepts; maxims.
+ TEM' PO RA RY, continuing for a time.
+ BECK, sign with the hand; nod.
+
+[Headnote 1: LA VA' TER, (John Gaspar,) a celebrated physiognomist, that
+is, one skilled in the art of determining character by the external
+features, born in Zurich, in 1741.]
+
+That part of this dialogue uttered by Caroline, should be read in a very
+earnest and spirited style,--that uttered by Horace in a more grave,
+deliberate, and candid manner.
+
+
+WEALTH AND FASHION.
+
+_Caroline_. What a pity it is that we are born under a Republican
+government!
+
+_Horace_. Upon my word, Caroline, that is a patriotic observation for an
+American.
+
+_Caroline_. Oh, I know that it is not a _popular_ one! We must all join
+in the cry of liberty and equality, and bless our stars that we have
+neither kings nor emperors to rule over us, and that our very first
+audible squeak was republicanism. If we don't join in the shout, and
+hang our caps on liberty-poles, we are considered monsters. For my part,
+I am _tired_ of it, and am determined to _say what I think_. I _hate_
+republicanism; I hate liberty and equality; and I don't hesitate to
+_declare_ that I am for monarchy. You may laugh, but I would say it at
+the stake.
+
+_Horace_. Bravo, Caroline! You have almost run yourself out of breath.
+You deserve to be prime minister to the king.
+
+_Caroline_. You mistake; I have no wish to mingle in political broils,
+not even if I could be as renowned as Pitt or Fox; but I must say, I
+think our equality is _odious_. What do you think! To-day, the new
+chamber-maid put her head into the door, and said, "Caroline, your marm
+wants you!"
+
+_Horace_. _Excellent!_ I suppose if ours were a _monarchical_
+government, she would have bent to the ground, or saluted your little
+foot, before she spoke.
+
+_Caroline_. No, Horace; you _know_ there are no such forms in this
+country.
+
+_Horace_. May I ask your highness what you _would_ like to be?
+
+_Caroline_. I should like to be a countess.
+
+_Horace_. Oh, you are moderate in your ambition! A countess, now-a-days,
+is the fag-end of nobility.
+
+_Caroline_. Oh! but it sounds so delightfully,--_"The young Countess
+Caroline!"_
+
+_Horace_. If _sound_ is all, you shall have that pleasure; we will call
+you _the young countess_.
+
+_Caroline_. That would be mere burlesque, Horace, and would make one
+ridiculous.
+
+_Horace_. Nothing can be more inconsistent in us, than aiming at titles.
+
+_Caroline_. For _us_, I grant you; but, if they were _hereditary,_ if we
+had been born to them, if they came to us through belted knights and
+high-born dames, _then_ we might be proud to wear them. I never shall
+cease to regret that I was not born under a monarchy.
+
+_Horace_. You seem to forget that all are not lords and ladies in
+_royal_ dominions. Suppose you should have drawn your first breath among
+the _lower classes_,--suppose it should have been your lot to crouch and
+bend, or be trodden under foot by some titled personage, whom in your
+heart you despised; what then?
+
+_Caroline_. You may easily suppose that I did not mean to take _those_
+chances. No; I meant to be born among the _higher_ ranks.
+
+_Horace_. Your own reason must tell you, that _all_ can not be born
+among the _higher ranks_; for then the _lower ones_ would be wanting,
+which constitute the comparison. Now, Caroline, is it not better to be
+born under a government where there are no such ranks, and where _the
+only nobility is talent and virtue'?_
+
+_Caroline_. Talent and virtue! I think _wealth_ constitutes our
+nobility, and the right of abusing each other, our liberty.
+
+_Horace_. You are as fond of aphorisms as Lavater[Headnote 1] was.
+
+_Caroline_. Let me ask you if our rich men, who ride in their own
+carriages, who have fine houses, and who count by millions, are not our
+_great_ men?
+
+_Horace_. They have all the greatness that _money_ can buy; but this is
+very limited.
+
+_Caroline_. Well, in _my_ opinion, _money is power_.
+
+_Horace_. You mistake. Money may be _temporary power_, but _talent_ is
+_power itself_; and, _when united with virtue, is godlike power_, before
+which the mere man of millions quails.
+
+_Caroline_. Well, Horace, I really wish you the possession of _talent_,
+and _principle_, and _wealth_ into the bargain. The latter, you think,
+will follow the two former, simply at your beck;--you smile; but _I_
+feel as determined in _my_ way of thinking, as _you_ do in _yours_.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What is the subject of this dialogue? 2. What did
+Caroline regret? 3. What reply did Horace make? 4. What did Caroline
+wish to be? 5. What did Horace say constituted true nobility?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXXVI.
+
+ RE SERV'ING, keeping; retaining.
+ AC CU' MU LA TED, collected.
+ IN DIG NA' TION, angry feeling.
+ RE SOURC' ES, means; funds.
+ DIS SER TA' TION, discourse; essay.
+ EX PAN' SION, enlargement.
+ DE POS' IT ED, put; laid.
+ EX ER' TION (_egs er shun_,) effort.
+ JU DI' CIOUS, wise, prudent.
+ VO CA' TION, business; employment.
+ EU PHON' IC, agreeable; well-sounding.
+ CO TEM' PO RA RIES, those living at the same time.
+ DI GRES' SION, departure from the subject.
+ PRE DIC' TIONS, prophecies.
+ IM PELL' ED, driven forward.
+
+ AR IS TOC' RA CY, (ARISTO, _the best_; CRACY, _government_,)
+ government by the best, or nobles. See SANDERS' ANALYSIS,
+ page 200, Ex. 283.
+
+[Headnote 1: SOC' RA TES, the most celebrated philosopher of antiquity,
+was born at Athens, 470 years before Christ. The purity of his
+doctrines, and his independence of character, rendered him popular with
+the most enlightened Athenians, though they created him many enemies.
+He was _falsely accused_, arraigned, and condemned to drink _hemlock_,
+the juice of a poisonous plant. When the hour to take the poison had
+come, the executioner handed him the cup, with tears in his eyes.
+Socrates received it with composure, drank it with unaltered
+countenance, and, in a few moments, expired.]
+
+[Headnote 2: DE MOS' THE NES, a great Grecian orator, who, rather than
+fall into the hands of his enemies, destroyed himself by taking poison.
+It is said that, when a youth, he frequently declaimed on the sea-shore,
+while the waves were roaring around him, in order to secure a large
+compass of voice, and to accustom himself to the tumult of a popular
+assembly.]
+
+[Headnote 3: KING DA' VID, the sweet singer and poet of Israel. For the
+interesting account of his triumph over Goliath, the great champion of
+the Philistines, see I Sam., chap. 17.]
+
+
+MY FIRST JACK-KNIFE.
+
+1. I remember it well! Its horn handle, so smooth and clear, glowing
+with the unmeaning, but magic word, "_Bunkum;_" and the blade
+significantly inviting you to the test, by the two monosyllables, "_Try
+me_."
+
+2. I know not how it is, but I never could take half the comfort in any
+thing which I have since possessed, that I took in this _jack-knife_. I
+earned it myself; and, therefore, I had a feeling of independence; it
+was bought with my _own money_,--not teazed out of my uncle, or still
+kinder father,--_money_ that I had silently earned on the afternoons of
+those days set apart for boys to amuse themselves.
+
+3. Yes! with a spirit of persevering industry and self-denial, at which
+I now wonder, I went, every afternoon, during "berry-time," and picked
+the ripened fruit with eagerness; for my heart was in the task. I sold
+my berries, and, carefully reserving the proceeds, shortly accumulated
+enough to purchase the treasure, for which I so eagerly longed.
+
+4. I went to one of the village-stores, and requested the clerk to show
+me his jack-knives; but he, seeing that I was only a boy, and thinking
+that I merely meant to amuse myself in looking at the nicest, and
+wishing it was mine, told me not to plague him, as he was otherwise
+engaged.
+
+5. I turned with indignation; but I felt the inward comfort of a man who
+has _confidence_ in his own resources, and knows he has the power in his
+own hands. I quietly jingled the money in my pockets, and went to the
+opposite store. I asked for jack-knives, and was shown a lot fresh from
+the city, which were temptingly laid down before me, and left for me to
+select one, while the trader went to another part of his store to wait
+upon an older customer. I looked over them, opened them, breathed upon
+the blades, and shut them again.
+
+6. One was too hard to open, another had no spring; finally, after
+examining them with all the judgment which, in my opinion, the extent of
+the investment required, I selected one with a hole through the handle;
+and, after a dissertation with the owner upon jack-knives in general,
+and _this one_ in particular,--upon hawk-bill, and dagger-blades,--and
+handles, iron, bone, and buck-horn,--I succeeded in closing a bargain.
+
+7. I took the instrument I had purchased, and felt a sudden expansion of
+my boyish frame! It was my world! I deposited it in my pocket among
+other valuables,--twine, marbles, slate-pencils, &c. I went home to my
+father; I told him how long I had toiled for it, and how eagerly I had
+spent time, which others had allotted to play, to possess myself of my
+treasure.
+
+8. My father gently chided me for not telling him of my wants; but I
+observed his glistening eye turn affectionately to my mother and then to
+me, and I thought that his manly form seemed to straighten up and to
+look prouder than I had ever before seen him. At any rate, he came to
+me, and, patting my curly head, told me there was no object in life,
+which was reasonably to be desired, that _honesty, self-denial,
+well-directed industry_, and _perseverance_ would not place within my
+reach; and if, through life, I carried the spirit of independent
+exertion into practice, which I had displayed in the purchase of the
+jack-knife, I should become a "_great man_."
+
+9. From that moment, I was a new being. I had discovered that I could
+_rely upon myself_. I took my jack-knife, and many a time, while cutting
+the walnut-saplings for my bow, or the straight pine for my arrow, or
+carving my mimic ship, did I muse upon these words of my father,--so
+deeply are the kind expressions of a judicious parent engraven on the
+heart and memory of boyhood.
+
+10. My knife was my constant companion. It was my carpenter, my
+ship-builder, and my toy-manufacturer. It was out upon all occasions,
+never amiss, and always "handy;" and, as I valued it, I never let it
+part from me. I own my selfishness; I would divide my apples among my
+playmates, my whole store of marbles was at their service,--they might
+knock my bats, kick my foot-ball as they chose; but I had no partnership
+of enjoyments in my jack-knife. Its possession was connected in my mind
+with something so _exclusive_, that I could not permit another to take
+it for a moment. Oh! there is a wild and delicious luxury in one's
+boyish anticipations and youthful day-dreams!
+
+11. If, however, the _use_ of my jack-knife afforded me pleasure, the
+idea of its possession was no less a source of enjoyment. I was, for the
+time being, a little prince among my fellows,--a perfect monarch. Let no
+one exclaim against aristocracy; were we all perfectly _equal to-day_,
+there would be an _aristocracy to-morrow_. Talent, judgment, skill,
+tact, industry, perseverance, will place some on the top, while the
+contrary attributes will place others at the bottom of fortune's
+ever-revolving wheel!
+
+12. The plowman is an aristocrat, if he excels in his vocation: he is an
+aristocrat, if he turns a better or a straighter furrow than his
+neighbor. The poorest poet is an aristocrat, if he writes more
+feelingly, in a purer language, or with more euphonic jingle than his
+cotemporaries. The fisherman is an aristocrat, if he wields his harpoon
+with more skill, and hurls it with a deadlier energy than his messmates,
+or has even learned to fix his bait more alluringly on his barbed hook.
+
+13. All _have_ had, and _still_ have their foibles; all have some
+possession, upon which they pride themselves, and I was proud of my
+jack-knife! Spirit of Socrates, [Headnote 1] forgive me! was there no
+pride in dying like a philosopher'? Spirit of Demosthenes, [Headnote 2]
+forgive me! was there no pride in your addresses to the boundless and
+roaring ocean'? Spirit of David! [Headnote 3] was there no pride in the
+deadly hurling of the smooth pebble, which sank deep into the forehead
+of your enemy'?
+
+14. But I must take my jack-knife and _cut short_ this digression. Let
+no man say _this_ or _that_ occurrence "will make _no difference fifty
+years hence_,"--a common, but dangerous phrase. I am _now_ a man of
+three-score years. I can point my finger _here_ to my ships, _there_ to
+my warehouse. My name is well known in two hemispheres. I have drank
+deeply of intellectual pleasures, have served my country in many
+important stations, have had my gains and my losses.
+
+15. I have seen many, who started with fairer prospects, but with no
+compass, wrecked before me; but I have been impelled in my operations,
+no matter how extensive, by the _same spirit_ which conceived and
+executed the purchase of the jack-knife. And I have found my reward in
+it; and, perhaps, in after years, there will be those who will say that
+the predictions of my father were fulfilled in their case; and that,
+from _small beginnings_, by "_honesty, self-denial, well-directed
+industry_, and _perseverance_," they also, BECAME TRULY "GREAT MEN."
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. How did this boy obtain his first jack-knife? 2. What did
+his father say to him, when he told how he had earned it? 3. What use
+did he make of his knife? 4. What is said about _aristocracy_? 5. What
+is said of this boy when he came to be three-score years old?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXXVII.
+
+ COIN' ED, stamped.
+ BAR' TER, trade; exchange.
+ COM MOD' I TIES, goods; wares.
+ BULL'ION, uncoined silver or gold.
+ BUC' CA NEERS, pirates; freebooters.
+ IM MENSE', very great; enormous.
+ DAIN' TIES, delicacies.
+ SMALL-CLOTHES, breeches.
+ AT TIR' ED, dressed; arrayed.
+ PE' ONY, plant and beautiful flower.
+ PER' SON A BLE, handsome; graceful.
+ ES PE' CIAL LY, mainly; chiefly.
+ RE CEP' TA CLE, that which receives or holds.
+ PON' DER OUS, heavy; bulky.
+ RE SUM' ING, taking again.
+
+
+THE PINE-TREE SHILLINGS.
+
+1. Captain John Hull was the mint-master of Massachusetts, and coined
+all the money that was made there. This was a new line of business; for,
+in the earlier days of the colony, the current coinage consisted of gold
+and silver money of England, Portugal, and Spain.
+
+2. These coins being scarce, the people were often forced to barter
+their commodities, instead of selling them. For instance, if a man
+wanted to buy a coat, he, perhaps, exchanged a bear-skin for it. If he
+wished for a barrel of molasses, he might purchase it with a pile of
+pine-boards. Musket-bullets were used instead of farthings.
+
+3. The Indians had a sort of money, called _wampum_, which was made of
+clam-shells; and this strange sort of specie was, likewise, taken in
+payment of debts, by the English settlers. Bank-bills had never been
+heard of. There was not money enough of any kind, in many parts of the
+country, to pay the salaries of the ministers; so that they sometimes
+had to take quintals of fish, bushels of corn, or cords of wood, instead
+of silver or gold.
+
+4. As the people grew more numerous, and their trade one with another
+increased, the want of current money was still more sensibly felt. To
+supply the demand, the general court passed a law for establishing a
+coinage of shillings, sixpences, and threepences. Captain John Hull was
+appointed to manufacture this money, and was to have _one shilling_, out
+of every twenty, to pay him for the trouble of making them.
+
+5. Hereupon, all the old silver in the colony was handed over to Captain
+John Hull. The battered silver cans, and tankards, and silver-buckles,
+and broken spoons, and silver-buttons of worn-out coats, and silver
+hilts of swords that had figured at courts,--all such curious old
+articles were, doubtless, thrown into the melting-pot together. But by
+far the greater part of the silver consisted of bullion from the mines
+of South America, which the English buccaneers, (who were little better
+than pirates,) had taken from the Spaniards, and brought to
+Massachusetts.
+
+6. All this old and new silver being melted down and coined, the result
+was an immense amount of splendid shillings, sixpences, and threepences.
+Each had the date, 1652, on the one side, and the figure of a
+_pine-tree_ on the other. Hence, they were called _pine-tree shillings_.
+And, for every _twenty shillings_ that he coined, you will remember,
+Captain John Hull was entitled to put _one shilling_ into his own
+pocket.
+
+7. The magistrates soon began to suspect that the mint-master would have
+the best of the bargain. They offered him a large sum of money, if he
+would but give up that _twentieth shilling_, which he was continually
+dropping into his own pocket. But Captain Hull declared himself
+perfectly satisfied with the shilling. And well he might be; for, so
+diligently did he labor, that, in a few years, his pockets, his
+money-bags, and his strong box, were overflowing with pine-tree
+shillings. This was probably the case when he came into possession of
+Grandfather's chair; and, as he had worked so hard at the mint, it was
+certainly proper that he should have a comfortable chair to rest himself
+in.
+
+8. When the mint-master had grown very rich, a young man, Samuel Sewell
+by name, fell in love with his only daughter. His daughter, whom we will
+call Betsey, was a fine, hearty damsel, by no means so slender as some
+young ladies of our own days. As Samuel was a young man of good
+character, industrious in his business, and a member of the church, the
+mint-master very readily gave his consent.
+
+9. "Yes; you may take her," said he, in his rough way; "and you'll find
+her a heavy burden enough!" On the wedding-day, we may suppose that
+honest John Hull dressed himself in a plum-colored coat, all the buttons
+of which were made of pine-tree shillings. The buttons of his waistcoat
+were sixpences; and the knees of his small-clothes were buttoned with
+silver threepences.
+
+10. Thus attired, he sat with great dignity in Grandfather's chair; and,
+being a portly old gentleman, he completely filled it from elbow to
+elbow. On the opposite side of the room, between her bridemaids, sat
+Miss Betsey, blushing like a full-blown peony.
+
+11. There, too, was the bridegroom, dressed in a fine purple coat, and
+gold-lace waistcoat, with as much other finery as the Puritan laws and
+customs would allow him to put on. His hair was cropped close to his
+head, because Governor Endicott had forbidden any man to wear it below
+the ears. But he was a very personable young man; and so thought the
+bridemaids and Miss Betsey herself.
+
+12. The mint-master, also, was pleased with his new son-in-law;
+especially as he had courted Miss Betsey out of pure love, and had said
+nothing at all about her portion. So, when the marriage ceremony was
+over, Captain Hull whispered a word to two of his men-servants, who
+immediately went out, and soon returned, lugging in a large pair of
+scales. They were such a pair as wholesale merchants use for weighing
+bulky commodities; and quite a bulky commodity was now to be weighed in
+them.
+
+13. "Daughter Betsey," said the mint-master, "get into one side of these
+scales." Miss Betsey, or Mrs. Sewell, as we must now call her, did as
+she was bid, like a dutiful child, without any question of the why and
+wherefore. But what her father could mean, unless to make her husband
+pay for her by the pound, (in which case she would have been a dear
+bargain,) she had not the least idea.
+
+14. "And now," said honest John Hull to the servants, "bring that box
+hither." The box, to which the mint-master pointed, was a huge, square,
+iron-bound, oaken chest. The servants tugged with might and main; but
+could not lift this enormous receptacle, and were finally obliged to
+drag it across the floor.
+
+15. Captain Hull then took a key from his girdle, unlocked the chest,
+and lifted its ponderous lid. Behold! _it was full to the brim of bright
+pine-tree shillings_, fresh from the mint; and Samuel Sewell began to
+think that his father-in-law had got possession of all the money in the
+Massachusetts' treasury. But it was only the mint-master's honest share
+of the coinage.
+
+16. Then the servants, at Captain Hull's command, heaped double handfuls
+of shillings into one side of the scales, while Betsey remained in the
+other. Jingle, jingle, went the shillings, as handful after handful was
+thrown in, till, plump and ponderous as she was, they fairly weighed the
+young lady from the floor.
+
+17. "There, son Samuel," said the honest mint-master, resuming his seat
+in Grandfather's chair, "take these shillings for my daughter's portion.
+Use her kindly, and thank Heaven for her. _It is not every wife that's
+worth her weight in silver!_"
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What was Captain John Hull's business? 2. What portion of
+the money coined, was he to receive? 3. How did he get silver to coin?
+4. Describe the shillings he coined. 5. How did he become wealthy? 6.
+Describe his dress on his daughter's wedding-day. 7. What did he say to
+his son-in-law, after weighing her with shillings?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXXVIII.
+
+ LODG' ES, dens; caves.
+ MAR' VEL OUS, wonderful.
+ TIP' PED, pointed.
+ HERD, gather in herds.
+ FA' MOUS, noted; remarkable.
+ ROE' BUCK, small species of deer.
+ STRAIGHT' WAY, immediately.
+ E RECT', upright.
+ FROL' IC, fun; play.
+ FORD, place where water can be waded.
+ FLECK' ED, spotted; striped.
+ FLUT' TER ED, quivered.
+ PAL' PI TA TED, beat; throbbed.
+ WA' RY, watchful; cautious.
+ FA' TAL, deadly; mortal.
+ EX ULT' ED, (_x_ like _gz_,) greatly rejoiced.
+
+
+HIAWATHA'S HUNTING.
+
+LONGFELLOW.
+
+This lesson is taken from "The Song of Hiawatha," a poem, founded upon
+traditions current among some tribes of North American Indians,
+respecting an imaginary being of more than mortal powers and gifts,
+named Hiawatha. The scene of the poem is laid among the Ojibways, or
+Chippewas, a tribe of Indians, occupants, from the period of our
+earliest history, of the basin of Lake Superior.
+
+ 1.
+ Then the little Hiawatha
+ Learned of every bird its language,
+ Learned their names and all their secrets,
+ How they built their nests in summer,
+ Where they hid themselves in winter,
+ Talked with them where'er he met them,
+ Called them "Hiawatha's chickens."
+
+ 2.
+ Of all beasts he learned the language,
+ Learned their names and all their secrets,
+ How the beavers built their lodges,
+ Where the squirrels hid their acorns,
+ How the reindeer ran so swiftly,
+ Why the rabbit was so timid,
+ Talked with them whene'er he met them,
+ Called them "Hiawatha's brothers."
+
+ 3.
+ Then Ia'goo, the great boaster,
+ He, the marvelous story-teller,
+ He, the traveler and the talker,
+ Made a bow for Hiawatha;
+ From a branch of ash he made it,
+ From an oak-bough made the arrows,
+ Tipped with flint, and winged with feathers,
+ And the cord he made of deer-skin.
+
+ 4.
+ Then he said to Hiawatha,
+ "Go, my son, into the forest,
+ Where the red deer herd together,
+ Kill for us a famous roebuck,
+ Kill for us a deer with antlers."
+ Forth into the forest straightway
+ All alone walked Hiawatha
+ Proudly with his bow and arrows.
+
+ 5.
+ And the birds sang round him, o'er him
+ "Do not shoot us, Hiawatha."
+ Sang the robin, sang the bluebird,
+ "Do not shoot us, Hiawatha."
+ Up the oak-tree, close beside him,
+ Sprang the squirrel, lightly leaping
+ In and out among the branches;
+ Coughed and chattered from the oak-tree,
+ Laughed, and said between his laughing,
+ "Do not shoot me, Hiawatha."
+
+ 6.
+ And the rabbit from his pathway
+ Leaped aside, and, at a distance,
+ Sat erect upon his haunches,
+ Half in fear, and half in frolic,
+ Saying to the little hunter,
+ "Do not shoot me, Hiawatha."
+
+ 7.
+ But he heeded not nor heard them,
+ For his thoughts were with the red deer;
+ On their tracks his eyes were fastened,
+ Leading downward to the river,
+ To the ford across the river,
+ And as one in slumber walked he.
+
+ 8.
+ Hidden in the alder bushes,
+ There he waited till the deer came,
+ Till he saw too antlers lifted,
+ Saw two eyes look from the thicket,
+ Saw two nostrils point to windward,
+ And the deer came down the pathway,
+ Flecked with leafy light and shadow.
+ And his heart within him fluttered,
+ Trembled like the leaves above him,
+ Like the birch leaf palpitated,
+ As the deer came down the pathway.
+
+ 9.
+ Then, upon one knee uprising,
+ Hiawatha aimed an arrow;
+ Scarce a twig moved with his motion,
+ Scarce a leaf was stirred or rustled,
+ But the wary roebuck started,
+ Stamped with all his hoofs together,
+ Listened with one foot uplifted,
+ Leaped as if to meet the arrow;
+ Ah, the singing, fatal arrow,
+ Like a wasp it buzzed and stung him.
+
+ 10.
+ Dead he lay there in the forest,
+ By the ford across the river;
+ Beat his timid heart no longer;
+ But the heart of Hiawatha
+ Throbbed, and shouted, and exulted,
+ As he bore the red deer homeward.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXXIX.
+
+ TRAIL, track; footprints.
+ IN' DICATED, pointed out; shown.
+ MURK' Y, dark; gloomy.
+ FLAM' BEAU, (_flam' bo_,) lighted torch.
+ RE FLECT' ING, throwing back.
+ LU' RID LY, gloomily; dismally.
+ SUS PECT' ING, mistrusting.
+ AS SAIL' ANTS, assaulters.
+ ECH' O, (_ek' o_,) sound reverberated.
+ RE LAPS' ED, fell back; returned.
+ EN VEL' OPED, inwrapped.
+ SUF FO CATED, smothered.
+ BRAND' ISHING, flourishing; waving.
+ RIG' ID, stiff.
+ BIV' OUAC, (_biv' wak_,) pass the night without tents.
+ PEER' ED, came in sight; appeared.
+ DE CLIV' I TY, gradual descent.
+ PRO LONG' ED, lengthened; continued.
+ COM' RADE, companion; associate.
+
+
+A DESPERATE ENCOUNTER WITH A PANTHER.
+
+BOY'S BOOK OF ADVENTURES.
+
+1. I had left the hunting party more than an hour, when I came upon the
+track of my old friend Konwell, who was, with his dogs, on the bloody
+trail of a panther. The animal must have had one of his legs broken;
+this was indicated by the marks on the soft ground; and it was plain
+that the tracks were made by three feet instead of four, and accompanied
+by blood at every leap.
+
+2. I determined to follow; and, after a tramp of nearly an hour, I
+overtook my friend at the entrance of a cavern, where he stood waiting
+for me. The wounded animal had taken refuge in this cave, leaving us to
+do whatever we thought best. The poor beast doubtless supposed that
+within this murky recess he was safe from pursuit; but he was mistaken.
+Konwell informed me that he had hidden a bundle of pine splinters in a
+gulley, about half a mile distant, and that if I would keep guard over
+the mouth of the cave, he would go and bring it.
+
+3. I agreed to this measure; and, with ready gun and drawn knife,
+prepared for any attack that might be made. I lay down at the entrance
+of the panther's cave. My friend soon returned, bringing the pine, as he
+had promised. His next movement was to kindle a large fire at the mouth
+of the cave, at which we lighted our torches; and, having taken the
+flambeaus in our left hand, while we carried our guns in the right, we
+cautiously entered the cave. I crept on before; but the space within
+soon became so high and roomy, that we could stand upright, and keep
+close to each other.
+
+4. Bending toward the left, the cavity extended a considerable distance
+within the hill. After we had advanced about two hundred steps, we saw
+the glaring eyes of the wounded beast, which gleamed forth like two
+fiery balls, reflecting most luridly the light of our torches. Konwell
+now took my flambeau and stepped behind me. I leveled my gun in the
+direction of those flaming eyes, and fired. After the report, we heard a
+bustle; but could not exactly make out what it meant.
+
+5. I reloaded my gun, resumed my torch, and Konwell now took his place
+in front. But, as those flaming eyes were no longer to be seen, we felt
+obliged to go farther. Our guns ready loaded, we believed ourselves to
+be prepared for anything. We proceeded carefully, as men are likely to
+do when suspecting danger, when, instantly, the panther started up from
+a hollow, in which he was lying, quite close to our feet.
+
+6. It was a fearful sight to look upon him as he stood with ears laid
+back, his white teeth set together, as if in intense anger, and those
+wide open eyes glowing and sparkling as they rested upon us, his
+assailants. I can never forget his appearance. In a moment our guns were
+discharged, and the cave returned the thundering echo. We had both fired
+so precisely at the same moment, that neither of us could believe the
+other had discharged his gun.
+
+7. We were certain that our enemy had been struck, but we knew not
+whether killed or only disabled. Quick as thought, we dropped our guns
+and drew our knives from the sheath. And haste was necessary; for the
+echo had not relapsed into silence, before we felt the weight of the
+panther against us; and we began cutting at him with our knives, and, at
+the same moment, in consequence of our hurried movements, our torches
+died out, and we were left in utter darkness.
+
+8. Deafened by the noise and utterly bewildered, I turned to fly from
+the now raging enemy, and only became perfectly aware of what I was
+doing, when I found myself standing beside Konwell outside the cave in
+the open air. I only know now, that, enveloped in thick darkness, and
+almost suffocated with the smoke of gunpowder, I groped about, not
+knowing what I wished or intended; and that Konwell, at last, drew me
+forcibly to the mouth of the cave.
+
+9. There we stood, each one brandishing his hunting-knife in his right
+hand, and holding the extinguished torch in the left; as we looked on
+each other, we scarcely knew whether to laugh or to be frightened at the
+strange figures we made. We were black with powder-smoke, covered with
+sweat and blood, and our clothing torn to rags.
+
+10. Konwell complained of a pain in his breast. I opened the bosom of
+his shirt, and found two deep gashes made by the panther's claws,
+extending from the left shoulder to the pit of the stomach. I also
+received a few scratches, but our stout hunting-shirts were torn to
+shreds.
+
+11. Until this moment, neither of us had felt that he was wounded; and
+even now, before we began to think of dressing those wounds, we made a
+large fire at the mouth of the cavern, in order to prevent the panther
+from coming forth. This done, we sat down beside the genial blaze to
+wash and bind up our scratches, and consult on what plan it was now best
+to proceed.
+
+12. That the panther was still in the cave we were certain; but, whether
+living or dead, we did not know; at all events, he was wounded; for our
+hunting-knives were covered with blood quite up to the hilt. But we had
+no choice left; we must return; for our guns and Konwell's powder-flask,
+which the animal dragged off with him, still lay within the cavern. We
+therefore plucked up new courage; and, having relighted our torches, we
+brandished our knives, and prepared, though not without some heart
+throbbings, once more to enter the panther's den.
+
+13. With light and cautious steps, lest we might be as unpleasantly
+surprised as we had been when we made our hasty retreat, we advanced,
+holding our torches before us, to the spot where we had dropped our
+guns, and without meeting with any hinderance from our enemy. Once more
+in possession of our trusty weapons, we reloaded them, and stepped
+forward with lighter hearts, yet still with great caution, when Konwell
+exclaimed, as he raised the flaming pine high above his head, and
+pointed with it in a certain direction, "_See! there he is!_"
+
+14. This was the first word that had been spoken since we reentered the
+cavern. I looked in the indicated direction, and there, indeed, lay the
+panther, stretched out at full length, but no longer dangerous. His eyes
+were set, his limbs were rigid,--the last agony was over. We skinned and
+cut him up as he lay. All three bullets had struck him, and both knives
+penetrated his body; and it must have been in the death-struggle that he
+leaped upon us.
+
+15. When our work was ended, and we again came to the open air, the sun
+was low in the horizon, and all haste was necessary that we should set
+out on our forest-path without further delay. Our wounds smarted not a
+little, and, although we took time once more to wash them, they became
+so stiff that our progress was both toilsome and tedious. We soon became
+convinced that we should not succeed in reaching our companions while
+daylight remained, and we determined to bivouac for the night, at the
+foot of a rocky declivity, which promised a good shelter from the
+cutting wind.
+
+16. To add to our discomfort, hunger began to make itself painfully
+felt; but this was soon overpowered by weariness, and, having gathered
+up the dry pine branches, we kindled up a good fire, and, without
+troubling ourselves to prepare any thing for supper, we stretched
+ourselves on the grass before it, and found the warmth most grateful.
+
+17. Worn out by the toils of the day, in a few minutes Konwell was fast
+asleep; but, although much inclined to follow his example, I was
+prevented by the restlessness of my dog, which seemed to wish to warn me
+of the presence of danger. The faithful animal, cringing closely to me,
+laid his nose on my shoulder, raising his head from time to time, and
+whined, as though he wished to communicate something, and then, for a
+few moments, would remain quiet. Then, suddenly, he would rise up as in
+the attitude of listening, occasionally uttering a low growl.
+
+18. Completely awakened by this strange behavior on the part of my
+faithful dog, it seemed to me as if I heard a slight rustling among the
+dry bushes; and, rising up to a half-sitting posture, I looked toward
+the rock behind me, and, to my great astonishment, became aware of a
+pair of glaring eyes fastened upon me. As my head was between the fire
+and those fearful eyes, I could plainly distinguish the fiery balls as,
+reflected on by the red light, they peered above the naked rocks.
+
+19. It was a panther, and evidently, from the position in which I saw
+it, was ready for a spring. Happily on this, as on every other night, my
+trusty gun lay close beside me. I seized it, and, half-rising, so that
+the fire behind me afforded light for a steady aim, I leveled it exactly
+between the eyes. I fired, the bullet sped on its deadly errand, and the
+crack of the noble rifle, thundering against the steep rocks, returned
+with loud and prolonged echo.
+
+20. Konwell, to whom the report of a gun was ever the sweetest music,
+now started up, as if roused by an electric shock, and grasped his gun.
+The dog continued his barking, smelling all around, and looking in my
+face as if to inquire in what direction he should go. There was no
+rustling movement on the rock, and the bullet must have taken effect.
+
+21. Konwell shook his head as he inquired, "Why I had shot?" Without
+answering, I began to reload my gun: this finished, I took up a blazing
+pine brand from the fire, and proceeded to climb the steep wall of rock,
+that raised itself like a barrier, about twenty steps distant from the
+spot upon which we rested. Here I found an old panther, the largest I
+had ever seen, lying dead--my well-directed bullet had finished him. I
+flung the body over the rock, and my old comrade dragged him to the
+fire.
+
+22. The ball had struck him directly in the right eye, passing through
+the brain. He was a fearful-looking animal, with terrible teeth and
+claws, and the more to be dreaded, as, when we cut him up, his stomach
+was found entirely empty. I believed that hunger had driven him so close
+to the fire; but Konwell thought he had scented the fresh venison we had
+with us. Be that as it may, there was little doubt but that he would
+have made a leap, as soon as the intervening fire had burned down; to
+its friendly presence, therefore, on this occasion, as a means of
+Providence, we owed our lives.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What had Konwell driven into a den? 2. What preparation
+did he make, before entering into the cavern? 3. How far had the men
+proceeded before they saw the panther? 4. Describe the appearance of the
+panther, as they came near him after the first shot? 5. What did the
+panther do after the men both fired at him? 6. Did they finally succeed
+in killing the panther? 7. Describe the manner in which they killed
+another panther.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XL.
+
+ RAP' IDs, part of a river where the current is swift.
+ TUR' BU LENCE, violent agitation.
+ HELM, instrument for steering a vessel.
+ EX CUR' SION, tour; ramble.
+ A HOY', sea term used in hailing a vessel.
+ QUAFF, drink largely.
+ HOIST, raise; lift up.
+ BLAS PHEM' ING, uttering impious language.
+ SHRIEK' ING, screaming; crying out.
+
+
+THE POWER OF HABIT.
+
+JOHN B. GOUGH.
+
+1. I remember once riding from Buffalo to the Niagara Palls. I said to a
+gentleman, "What river is that, sir?" "That," said he, "is Niagara
+river."
+
+2. "Well, it is a beautiful stream," said I; "bright, and fair, and
+glassy. How far off are the rapids?" "Only a mile or two," was the
+reply.
+
+3. "Is it _possible_ that only a mile from us, we shall find the water
+in the turbulence which it must show near the Falls'?"
+
+"You will find it so, sir." And so I found it; and the first sight of
+Niagara I shall never forget.
+
+4. Now, launch your bark on that Niagara river; it is bright, smooth,
+beautiful, and glassy. There is a ripple at the bow; the silver wake you
+leave behind, adds to your enjoyment. Down the stream you glide, oars,
+sails, and helm in proper trim, and you set out on your pleasure
+excursion.
+
+5. Suddenly, some one cries out from the bank, "_Young men, ahoy!_"
+
+"What is it?"
+
+"_The rapids are below you!_"
+
+6. "Ha! ha! we have heard of the rapids; but we are not such fools as to
+get there. If we go too fast, then we shall up with the helm, and steer
+to the shore; we will set the mast in the socket, hoist the sail, and
+speed to the land. Then on, boys; don't be alarmed,--there is no
+danger."
+
+7. "Young men, ahoy there!"
+
+"What is it?"
+
+"_The rapids are below you!_"
+
+8. "Ha! ha! we will laugh and quaff; all things delight us. What care we
+for the future! No man ever saw it. Sufficient for the day is the evil
+thereof. We will enjoy life while we may,--will catch pleasure as it
+flies. This is enjoyment; time enough to steer out of danger when we are
+sailing swiftly with the current."
+
+9 (_ff._) "YOUNG MEN, AHOY!"
+
+"What is it?"
+
+"BEWARE! BEWARE! THE RAPIDS ARE BELOW YOU!"
+
+10. "Now you see the water foaming all around. See how fast you pass
+that point! Up with the helm! Now turn! Pull hard! (=) Quick! quick!
+quick! pull for your lives! pull till the blood starts from your
+nostrils, and the veins stand like whip-cords upon your brow! Set the
+mast in the socket! hoist the sail! (_sl._) Ah! ah! it is too late!
+Shrieking, howling, blaspheming; over they go."
+
+11. Thousands go over the rapids of intemperance every year, through
+_the power of habit_, crying all the while, "_When I find out that it_
+[Footnote: Temperate drinking.] _is injuring me, I will give it up!_"
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Where are the Niagara Falls? 2. How does the water appear
+just above the Falls? 3. How does it appear farther up? 4. What reply
+are the young men represented as making, when first told the rapids were
+below them? 5. What, when told the second time? 6. What must they do, to
+escape destruction? 7. What is said of _the power of habit?_
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XLI.
+
+ BE SOT' TED, stupefied.
+ BUR LESQU' ED, mocked; derided.
+ DE FI' ED, set at defiance.
+ CHER' ISH ED, fostered; encouraged.
+ STREW' ED, scattered; spread.
+ LIV' ID, discolored; black and blue.
+ MIR' ROR ED, reflected, as in a glass.
+ RE VEAL' INGS, disclosures.
+ PLIGHT' ED, pledged.
+ FOR SWORN', perjured.
+ STAMP' ED, impressed; fixed deeply.
+ BLIGHT, blasting disease.
+ A TONE', make reparation.
+ PRO CLAIM' ED, openly declared.
+ LOATHE, detest; abhor.
+ BEV' ER AGE, drink.
+
+These verses should be read in a firm, half-indignant, yet imploring
+tone of voice,--except the last verse, which should be expressed in a
+very decided and impassioned manner.
+
+
+THE DRUNKARD'S DAUGHTER.
+
+[Footnote: These beautiful and touching verses were written by a young
+lady, in reply to a friend who had called her a monomaniac on the
+subject of temperance.]
+
+1. Go, feel what I have felt,
+ Go, bear what I have borne;
+ Sink 'neath a blow a father dealt,
+ And the cold, proud world's scorn;
+ Thus struggle on from year to year,
+ Thy sole relief,--the scalding tear.
+
+2. Go, weep as I have wept,
+ O'er a loved father's fall,
+ See every cherished promise swept,--
+ Youth's sweetness turned to gall;
+ Hope's faded flowers strewed all the way
+ That led me up to woman's day.
+
+3. Go, kneel as I have knelt;
+ Implore, beseech, and pray,
+ Strive the besotted heart to melt,
+ The downward course to stay;
+ Be cast with bitter curse aside,--
+ Thy prayers burlesqued, thy tears defied.
+
+4. Go, stand where I have stood,
+ And see the strong man bow;
+ With gnashing teeth, lips bathed in blood,
+ And cold and livid brow;
+ Go, catch his wandering glance, and see
+ There mirrored, his soul's misery.
+
+5. Go, hear what I have heard,--
+ The sobs of sad despair,
+ As memory's feeling fount hath stirred,
+ And its revealings there
+ Have told him what he might have been,
+ Had he the drunkard's fate foreseen.
+
+6. Go to my mother's side,
+ And her crushed spirit cheer;
+ Thine own deep anguish hide,
+ Wipe from her cheek the tear;
+ Mark her dimmed eye,--her furrowed brow,
+ The gray that streaks her dark hair now;
+ Her toil-worn frame, her trembling limb,
+ And trace the ruin back to him
+ Whose plighted faith, in early youth,
+ Promised eternal love and truth;
+ But who, forsworn, hath yielded up
+ That promise to the deadly cup,
+ And led her down from love and light,
+ From all that made her pathway bright,
+ And chained her there 'mid want and strife,
+ That lowly thing,--_a drunkard's wife!_
+ And stamped on childhood's brow so mild,
+ That withering blight, _a drunkard's child!_
+
+7. Go, hear, and see, and feel, and know,
+ All that _my soul_ hath felt and known,
+ Then look upon the wine-cup's glow;
+ See if its brightness can atone;
+ Think if its flavor you will try,
+ If all proclaimed, "_'Tis drink and die!_"
+
+8. Tell me I _hate_ the bowl;
+ _Hate_ is a feeble word:
+(f.) _I loathe_, ABHOR,--_my very soul_
+ _With strong disgust is stirred_,
+ Whene'er I see, or hear, or tell,
+ Of the DARK BEVERAGE OF HELL!!
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. By whom was this poetry written? 2. What circumstance
+induced her to write it? 3. What is the meaning of _monomaniac?_ Ans.
+One who is deranged in a single faculty of the mind, or with regard to a
+particular subject, the other faculties being in regular exercise. 4.
+What reasons does she assign for her hatred of alcoholic drink? 5. What
+does she say of her mother? 6. With what tone of voice should the last
+verse be read? See page 40, Rule 4. 7. Why are some words and sentences
+printed in Italics and Capitals? See page 22, Note III.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XLII.
+
+ REC' ORDS, accounts; minutes.
+ AD VENT' URES, doings; strange occurences.
+ EN CUM' BER, load; clog.
+ GRAT I FI CA' TION, indulgence.
+ SCHEME, plan; progress.
+ DE LIB ER A' TION, thought; consideration.
+ LUX U RI OUS, pleasure-loving.
+ EX PE DI' TION, tour; enterprise.
+ MO ROSE', sour; ill-humored.
+ RE VOLT' ING, disgusting; abhorrent.
+ CON TEM' PLATE, consider; think upon.
+ REL' IC, remains.
+ IN VES' TI GATE, examine; look into.
+ AC COM' PLISH ED, effected.
+ PIC TUR ESQUE', (_pikt yur esk'_)grand; beautiful; picture-like.
+
+
+THE TWO YOUNG TRAVELERS.
+
+MERRY'S MUSEUM.
+
+1. Horace and Herman, two young men who were friends, set out to travel
+in distant countries. Before they departed, each had formed a _plan_ of
+proceeding. Horace determined to give himself up entirely to
+_pleasure,_--to go wherever his humor might dictate,--and to keep no
+records of his adventures. In short, he resolved to _enjoy himself_ as
+much as possible, and, by no means, to encumber his mind with cares,
+duties, or troubles of any kind.
+
+2. Herman was as fond of amusement as Horace; but the _mode_ he adopted
+for the gratification of his wishes, was quite different. In the first
+place, he made out a scheme of his travels: he procured maps, read
+books, and, after mature deliberation, adopted a certain route, as most
+likely to afford him pleasure as well as instruction.
+
+3. In the formation of this plan, he spent several weeks; and, in this
+occupation, he found quite as much satisfaction as he afterwards did in
+traveling. Thus he obtained one great advantage over his idle and
+luxurious friend, who foolishly thought that the essence of enjoyment
+lay in freedom from thought, restraint, and toil. Even before they set
+out on their journey, Herman had actually found nearly as _much_
+pleasure as Horace received in the whole course of his expedition.
+
+4. The two young men started together; and, as there were then no canals
+or railroads, they both set out on foot. They had not proceeded far
+before they separated,--Horace taking one road and Herman another.
+
+5. After the lapse of three years, they both returned; but what a
+difference between them! Horace was morose and dissatisfied; he had seen
+a good deal of the world, but, as he had traveled with no other design
+than to _gratify himself_ from hour to hour, he had soon exhausted the
+cup of pleasure, and found nothing at the bottom but the bitter dregs of
+discontent.
+
+6. He pursued pleasure, till, at last, he found the pursuit to be
+distasteful and revolting. He grew tired even of amusement. He indulged
+his tastes, humors, and passions, until indulgence itself was
+disgusting. When he returned to his friends, he had laid up nothing in
+his memory, by the relation of which he could amuse them; he had kept no
+record of things he had seen; he brought back no store of pleasing and
+useful recollections for himself, or others. Such was the result of
+three years' travel for pleasure.
+
+7. It was quite otherwise with Herman. Adhering to his plans, he visited
+a great many places, and, each day, he recorded in his journal what he
+had seen. Whenever he met with an interesting object, he stopped to
+contemplate it. If it was some aged relic, famous in history, he took
+pains to investigate its story, and to write it down. If it was an
+object of interest to the eye, he made a sketch of it in a book which he
+kept for that purpose.
+
+8. In this way, Herman accomplished three good objects. In the first
+place, by taking pleasure in a moderate way, and mixing with it a little
+toil and industry, he prevented that cloying surfeit which, at last,
+sickened and disgusted Horace.
+
+9. In the second place, he greatly increased his enjoyments by the plan
+he adopted. Merely executing a plan is agreeable, and a source of great
+pleasure. It is natural to derive happiness from following out a
+design,--from seeing, hour by hour, day by day, how results come about,
+in conformity to our intentions.
+
+10. But _this_ was not the _only_ advantage which Herman received from
+his system. The very toil he bestowed; the investigations he made; the
+pleasant thoughts and curious knowledge that were unfolded to his mind;
+the excitement he found in his exertions; the pleasure he took in
+drawing picturesque scenes; _all_ constituted a rich harvest of
+pleasure, which was wholly denied to Horace.
+
+11. Thus it was that labor and industry, exerted in carrying out a plan,
+afforded the young traveler a vast deal of gratification. The very
+things that Horace looked upon as hateful, were, in fact, the sources of
+his friend's most permanent enjoyment.
+
+12. In the third place, Herman had come back laden with rich stores of
+knowledge, observation, and experience. Not only was his journal rich in
+tales, legends, scenes, incidents, and historical records, but in
+putting these things down on paper, his memory had been improved, and he
+had acquired the habit of observing and remembering. His mind was full
+of pleasant things, and nothing could be more interesting than to hear
+him tell of his travels, and of what he had seen.
+
+13. While Horace was dull, silent, and sour, Herman was full of
+conversation, life, and interest. The one was happy', the other
+unhappy`; one was agreeable', the other disagreeable`; one had exhausted
+the cup of pleasure', the other seemed always to have the cup full and
+sparkling before him`. It was agreed on all hands that Horace was a
+disagreeable person, and everybody shunned him; while Herman was
+considered by all a most agreeable companion, and everybody sought his
+society.
+
+14. So much for the two travelers; _one_, a luxurious lover of pleasure,
+who thought only of the passing moment, and, in his folly, abused and
+threw away his powers of enjoyment; the _other_, a lover of pleasure
+also; but who pursued it moderately, with a wise regard to the future,
+and careful attention, every day, to the rules of duty; and who thus
+secured his true happiness.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What plan had Horace determined to pursue while
+traveling? 2. What was Herman's plan? 3. What is said of Horace, after
+his return? 4. How was it with Herman? 5. What is said of the two in
+contrast? 6. What effect has the emphasis on the place of the accent in
+the words _unhappy_ and _disagreeable_, 13th paragraph? See page 22,
+note V.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XLIII.
+
+ IM' PORT, meaning.
+ GROV' EL ING, mean; creeping.
+ A CHIEVE' MENT, performance.
+ AS PI RA' TION, wish; ardent desire.
+ SAN' GUINE, ardent; hopeful.
+ RE' AL IZ ED, attained.
+ IN SPI RA' TION, natural impulse.
+ STATE' LI NESS, dignity: majesty.
+ AD VENT' TUR OUS, daring; enterprising.
+ EX UL TA' TION, (_x_ like _gz_,) triumph.
+ RI' VALS, competitors.
+ DIG' NI TY, elevation; majesty.
+ OR' A CLES, wise words or sentences.
+ A' PEX, hight; summit.
+ TEN' E MENT, dwelling; _here means_, the body.
+ AD MON' ISH. warn.
+ RAPT' UR OUS, joyous; ecstatic.
+ AN TIC I PA' TION, foretaste.
+
+ PHI LOS' O PHY, (PHILO, _love_; SOPHY, _wisdom_,) love of wisdom;
+ reason of things. See SANDERS & McELLIGOTT'S ANALYSIS, page 236,
+ Ex. 334
+
+
+HIGHER!
+
+1. HIGHER! It is a word of noble import. It lifts the soul of man from
+low and groveling pursuits, to the achievement of great and noble deeds,
+and ever keeps the object of his aspiration in view, till his most
+sanguine expectations are fully realized.
+
+2. HIGHER! lisps the infant that clasps its parent's knee, and makes its
+feeble effort to rise from the floor. It is the first inspiration of
+childhood to burst the narrow confines of the cradle, and to exercise
+those feeble, tottering limbs, which are to walk forth in the
+stateliness of manhood.
+
+3. HIGHER! echoes the proud school-boy in his swing; or, as he climbs
+the tallest tree of the forest, that he may look down upon his less
+adventurous comrades with a flush of exultation,--and abroad over the
+fields, the meadows, and his native village.
+
+4. HIGHER! earnestly breathes the student of philosophy and nature. He
+has a host of rivals; but he must excel them all. The midnight oil burns
+dim; but he finds light and knowledge in the lamps of heaven, and his
+soul is never weary, when the last of them is hid by the splendors of
+the morning.
+
+5. And HIGHER! his voice thunders forth, when the dignity of manhood has
+mantled his form, and the multitude is listening with delight to his
+oracles, burning with eloquence, and ringing like true steel in the
+cause of _Freedom_ and _Right_. And when time has changed his locks to
+silver,--when the young and the old unite to do him honor, he still
+breathes forth from his generous heart fond wishes for their welfare.
+
+6. HIGHER YET! He has reached the apex of earthly honor; yet his spirit
+burns as warm as in youth, though with a steadier and purer light. And
+even now, while his frail tenement begins to admonish him, that "the
+time of his departure is at hand," he looks forward, with rapturous
+anticipation, to the never-fading glory, attainable only in the presence
+of the Most High.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What is said of the word _Higher_, first paragraph? 2.
+When does the school-boy say Higher? 3. What is said of the student? 4.
+What, when he arrives at manhood? 5. What, when he becomes old? 6. Where
+is the passage within the quotation to be found? Ans. 2 Timothy, 4th
+chapter, 6th verse.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XLIV.
+
+ IN TENS' ER, more fervent.
+ STUB' BORN, unyielding; rugged.
+ DEEM, think; imagine.
+ OLD' EN, old; ancient.
+ CLINGS, sticks; adheres closely.
+ GAL' LANT, fine; noble.
+ YAWN' ING, wide-opening.
+ FU' RY, rage; madness.
+ RAVE, rage; become furious.
+ HEC' TIC, habitual; continuous.
+ MEN' TAL, intellectual.
+ WIELD, sway; exert.
+ PRIV' I LEGE, right; opportunity.
+ DOW' ER, gift; portion.
+
+
+LABOR.
+
+[Footnote: These lines were suggested by the simple incident of an
+industrious wood-sawyer's reply to a man who told him that _his was a
+hard work_. "Yes, it is hard, to be sure; but _it is harder to do
+nothing_," was his answer.]
+
+CAROLINE F. ORNE.
+
+1. Ho, ye who at the anvil toil, And strike the sounding blow, Where,
+from the burning iron's breast, The sparks fly to and fro, While
+answering to the hammer's ring, And fire's intenser glow!--Oh, while ye
+feel 'tis hard to toil And sweat the long day through, Remember, it is
+harder still _To have no work to do!_
+
+2. Ho, ye who till the stubborn soil, Whose hard hands guide the plow,
+Who bend beneath the summer sun, With burning cheek and brow!--Ye deem
+the curse still clings to earth From olden time till now; But, while ye
+feel 'tis hard to toil And labor all day through, Remember, it is harder
+still _To have no work to do_!
+
+3. Ho, ye who plow the sea's blue field, Who ride the restless wave,
+Beneath whose gallant vessel's keel There lies a yawning grave, Around
+whose bark the wint'ry winds Like fiends of fury rave!--Oh, while ye
+feel 'tis hard to toil And labor long hours through, Remember, it is
+harder still _To have no work to do!_ 4 Ho, ye upon whose fevered cheeks
+The hectic glow is bright, Whose mental toil wears out the day, And half
+the weary night, Who labor for the souls of men, Champions of truth and
+right!--Although ye feel your toil is hard, Even with this glorious
+view, Remember, it is harder still _To have no work to do!_ 5. Ho, all
+who labor,--all who strive Ye wield a lofty power; Do with your might,
+do with your strength, Fill every golden hour! The glorious privilege
+_to do_ Is man's most noble dower. Oh, to your birthright and yourselves
+To your own souls be true! A weary, wretched life is theirs, _Who have
+no work to do!_
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What incident suggested these thoughts to the writer? 2.
+Who toil at the anvil? 3. Who till the stubborn soil? 4. Who plow the
+sea's blue wave? 5. Who toil mentally? 6. Who labor for the souls of
+men? 7. What is man's most noble dower? 8. What is said to all these
+different laborers? 9. What is the meaning of the suffix _less_ in the
+word _restless?_ See SANDERS & McELLIGOTT'S ANALYSIS, page 140, Ex. 187.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XLV.
+
+ E LIC' IT, draw forth.
+ IN TEL' LI GENT, knowing; well-informed.
+ RE FRAIN, hold in, or keep back.
+ IG NO RA' MUS, ignorant person.
+ RE TORT', reply; answer back.
+ IN DEL' I BLY, in a way not to be effaced.
+ MYS' TE RIES, profound secrets.
+ AB SORB' ED, engrossed; occupied.
+ MOR TI FI CA' TION, deep disappointment.
+ OB STA CLE, hinderance; impediment.
+ RE VOLT ED, shrank back.
+ POR' ING, earnestly perusing.
+ EM I NENCE, distinction.
+ IN FOR MA' TION, knowledge.
+ IL LIT' ER ATE, ignorant; unlearned.
+ PRO FES' SION, business; employment.
+ DIS' CI PLIN ED trained; instructed.
+ CON TEMPT' U OUS, scornful; hateful.
+ AN TAG' O NIST, opponent; adversary.
+
+
+THE AMBITIOUS APPRENTICE.
+
+1. "How far is it from here to the sun?" asked Harmon Lee of his
+father's apprentice, James Wallace, intending by the question to elicit
+some reply that would exhibit the boy's ignorance.
+
+2. James Wallace, a boy of fourteen, turned his bright, intelligent eyes
+upon the son of his employer, and replied, "I don't know, Harmon. How
+far is it?"
+
+3. There was something so honest and earnest in the tone of the boy,
+that, much as Harmon had felt disposed, at first, to sport with his
+ignorance, he could not refrain from giving him a true answer. Still,
+his contempt for the ignorant apprentice was not to be concealed, and he
+replied, "_Ninety-five millions of miles_, you ignoramus!" James did not
+retort; but, repeating over in his mind the distance named, fixed it
+indelibly upon his memory.
+
+4. On the same evening, after he had finished his day's work, he
+obtained a small text-book on astronomy, which belonged to Harmon Lee,
+and went up into his garret with a candle, and there, alone, attempted
+to dive into the mysteries of that sublime science. As he read, the
+earnestness of his attention fixed nearly every fact upon his mind. So
+intent was he, that he perceived not the flight of time, until the
+town-clock struck ten.
+
+5. He lay down upon his hard bed, and gave full scope to his thoughts.
+Hour after hour passed away, but he could not sleep, so absorbed was he
+in reviewing the new and wonderful things he had read. At last, wearied
+nature gave way, and he fell into a slumber, filled with dreams of
+planets, moons, comets, and fixed stars.
+
+6. The next morning the apprentice boy resumed his place at the
+work-bench with a new feeling; and, with _this_ feeling, was mingled one
+of regret, that he could not go to school as well as Harmon.
+
+"But I can study at night, while he is asleep," he said to himself.
+
+7. Just then Harmon Lee came into the shop, and, approaching James,
+said, for the purpose of teasing him, "How big round is the earth,
+James?"
+
+"_Twenty-five thousand miles,_" was the quick reply.
+
+8. Harmon looked surprised, for a moment, and then responded, with a
+sneer,--for he was not a kind-hearted boy, but, on the contrary, very
+selfish, and disposed to _injure_ rather than _do good_ to others,--"Oh!
+how wonderfully wise you are all at once! And no doubt you can tell how
+many moons Jupiter has? Come, let us hear."
+
+9. "Jupiter has four moons," James answered, with something of
+exultation in his tone.
+
+"And, no doubt, you can tell how many rings it has?"
+
+"Jupiter has no rings. Saturn has rings, and Jupiter belts," James
+replied, in a decisive tone.
+
+10. For a moment or two Harmon was silent with surprise and
+mortification, to think that his father's _apprentice_, whom he esteemed
+so far below him, should be possessed of knowledge equal to his, and on
+the points in reference to which he had chosen to question him,--and
+that he should be able to convict him of an error, into which he had
+purposely fallen.
+
+11. "I should like to know how long it is since you became so
+wonderfully wise," said Harmon, with a sneer.
+
+"Not very long," James replied calmly. "I have been reading one of your
+books on astronomy."
+
+12. "I should like to know what business _you_ have to touch one of _my_
+books! You had better be minding your work."
+
+"I did not neglect it, Harmon; I read at _night_, after I was done with
+my work; and I did not hurt your book."
+
+"I don't care if you _didn't_ hurt it. You are not going to have _my_
+books, I can tell you. So, you just let them alone."
+
+13. Poor James's heart sank within him at this unexpected obstacle, so
+suddenly thrown in his way. He had no money of his own to buy, and knew
+of no one from whom he could borrow the book, that had become so
+necessary to his happiness. "Do, Harmon," he said, "lend me the book; I
+will take good care of it."
+
+"No; I will not. And don't you dare to touch it," was the angry reply.
+
+14. James Wallace knew well enough the selfish disposition of Harmon, to
+be convinced that there was now but little hope of his having the use of
+his books, except by stealth; and from that his naturally open and
+honest principles revolted. All day he thought earnestly of the means
+whereby he should be able to obtain a book on astronomy, to quench the
+ardent thirst he had created in his own mind.
+
+15. He was learning the trade of a blind-maker. Having been already an
+apprentice for two years, and being industrious and intelligent, he had
+acquired a readiness with tools, and much skill in some parts of his
+trade. While sitting alone, after he had finished his work for the day,
+it occurred to him that he might, by working in the evening, earn some
+money, and with it buy such books as he wanted.
+
+16. By consent of his employer, he succeeded in getting a small job,
+from one of his neighbors; and, in a short time, by working evenings, he
+obtained sufficient money to purchase a book of his own, and had a half
+dollar left, with which he bought a second-hand dictionary. Every night
+found him poring over his books; and, as soon as it was light enough in
+the morning to see, he was up and reading. During the day, his mind was
+pondering over the things he had read, while his hands were diligently
+employed in the labor assigned him.
+
+17. It occurred, just at this time, that a number of benevolent
+individuals established, in the town where James lived, one of those
+excellent institutions, an Apprentices' Library. To this he applied, and
+obtained the books he needed. And thus, did this poor apprentice boy lay
+the foundation of future eminence and usefulness. At the age of
+twenty-one, he was master of his trade; and, what was more, had laid up
+a vast amount of general and scientific information.
+
+18. Let us now turn to mark the progress of the young student, Harmon
+Lee, in one of the best seminaries in his native city, and afterwards at
+college. The idea that he was to be a lawyer, soon took possession of
+his mind, and this caused him to feel contempt for other boys, who were
+merely designed for trades or store-keeping.
+
+19. Like too many others, he had no love for learning. To be a _lawyer_
+he thought would be much more honorable than to be a mere mechanic; and,
+for this reason _alone_, he desired to be one. As for James Wallace, the
+poor illiterate apprentice, he was most heartily despised, and never
+treated by Harmon with the least degree of kind consideration.
+
+20. At the age of eighteen, Harmon was sent away to one of the eastern
+universities, and there remained until he was twenty years of age, when
+he graduated, and came home with the honorary title of Bachelor of Arts.
+On the very day that James completed his term of apprenticeship, Harmon
+was admitted to the bar.
+
+21. From some cause, James determined he would make law _his_
+profession. To the acquirement of a knowledge of legal matters,
+therefore, he bent all the energies of a well disciplined mind. Two
+years passed away in an untiring devotion to the studies he had assigned
+himself, and he then made application for admission to the bar.
+
+22. Young Wallace passed his examinations with some applause, and the
+first case on which he was employed, chanced to be one of great
+difficulty, which required all his skill; the lawyer on the opposite
+side was Harmon Lee, who entertained for his father's apprentice the
+utmost contempt.
+
+23. The cause came on. There was a profound silence and a marked
+attention and interest, when the young stranger arose in the court-room
+to open the case. A smile of contempt curled the lip of Harmon Lee, but
+Wallace saw it not. The prominent points of the case were presented in
+plain, but concise language to the court; and a few remarks bearing upon
+its merits being made, the young lawyer took his seat, and gave room for
+the defense.
+
+24. Instantly Harmon Lee was on his feet, and began referring to the
+points presented by his "very learned brother," in a very flippant
+manner. There were those present who marked the light that kindled in
+the eye of Wallace, and the flash that passed over his countenance at
+the first contemptuous word and tone that were uttered by his antagonist
+at the bar. These soon gave place to attention, and an air of conscious
+power. Nearly an hour had passed when Harmon resumed his seat with a
+look of exultation, which was followed by a pitying and contemptuous
+smile, as Wallace again slowly rose.
+
+25. Ten minutes, however, had not passed when that smile had changed to
+a look of surprise, mortification, and alarm. The young lawyer's first
+speech showed him to be a man of calm, deep, systematic thought,--well
+skilled in points of law and in authorities,--and, more than all, a
+lawyer of practical and comprehensive views. When he sat down, no
+important point in the case had been left untouched, and none that had
+been touched, required further elucidation.
+
+20. Lee followed briefly, in a vain attempt to torture his language and
+break down his positions. But he felt that he was contending with
+weapons whose edges were turned at every blow. When he took his seat
+again, Wallace merely remarked that he was prepared, without further
+argument, to submit the case to the court.
+
+27. The case was accordingly submitted, and a decision unhesitatingly
+made in favor of the plaintiff, or Wallace's client. From that hour
+James Wallace took his true position. _The despised apprentice became
+the able and profound lawyer,_ and was esteemed for real talent and real
+moral worth, which, when combined, ever place their possessor in his
+true position. Ten years from that day, Wallace was elevated to the
+bench, while Lee, a second-rate lawyer, never rose above that position.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What profession did James study, after he had learned his
+trade? 2. Who was his opponent in the first cause he tried? 3. Which won
+the case? 4. What did James finally become?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XLVI.
+
+ TAUNT' ING LY, insultingly.
+ DIG' NI FI ED, noble.
+ DIS PU' TANTS, persons disputing.
+ RES O LU' TION, decision.
+ IM AG' IN ED, fancied.
+ RE FLEC' TION, thought; consideration.
+ SU PE RI OR' I TY, preeminence.
+ SUB OR DI NATE, one inferior in position.
+ BUF' FET ED, struggled against.
+ THRALLS, bondage.
+ DES POT' IC, tyrannical.
+ OP PRES' SION, tyranny.
+ PEN' U RY, poverty; destitution.
+ PRED E CES' SORS, those who have gone before.
+ DIS PEN SA' TIONS, dealings.
+ CRI TE' RI ON, standard; measure.
+
+
+"SO WAS FRANKLIN."
+
+ANON.
+
+1. "Oh, you're a _'prentice!_" said a little boy, the other day,
+tauntingly, to his companion. The boy addressed turned proudly round,
+and, while the fire of injured pride, and the look of pity were
+strangely blended in his countenance, coolly answered, "_So was
+Franklin!_"
+
+2. This dignified reply struck me forcibly, and I turned to mark the
+disputants more closely. The former, I perceived by his dress, was of a
+higher class in society than his humble, yet more dignified companion.
+The latter was a sprightly, active lad, scarce twelve years old, and
+coarsely, but neatly attired. But, young as he was, there was visible in
+his countenance much of genius, manly dignity, and determinate
+resolution; while that of the former showed only fostered pride, and the
+imagined superiority of riches.
+
+3. That little fellow, thought we, gazing at our young hero, displays
+already much of the man, though his calling be a humble one; and, though
+poverty extends to him her dreary, cheerless reality, still he looks on
+the brightest side of the scene, and already rises in anticipation from
+poverty and wretchedness! Once, "_so was Franklin_" and the world may
+one day witness in our little "_'prentice_" as great a philosopher as
+they have already seen in his noble pattern! And we passed on, buried in
+meditation.
+
+4. The motto of our infantile philosopher contains much,--too much to be
+forgotten, and should be engraven on the minds of all. What can better
+cheer man in a humble calling, than the reflection that the greatest and
+the best of earth--the greatest statesmen, the brightest philosophers,
+and the proudest warriors--have once graced the same profession?
+
+5.
+ "Look at Franklin! He who
+ With the thunder talked, as friend to friend,
+ And wove his garland of the lightning's wing,
+ In sportive twist."
+
+What was he? A _printer!_ once a subordinate in a printing office!
+Poverty stared him in the face; but her blank, hollow look, could
+nothing daunt him. He struggled against a harder current than most are
+called to encounter; but he did not yield. He pressed manfully onward;
+bravely buffeted misfortune's billows, and gained the desired haven!
+
+6. Look at Cincinnatus! At the call of his country he laid aside the
+plow and seized the sword. But having wielded it with success, when his
+country was no longer endangered, and public affairs needed not his
+longer stay, "he beat his sword Into a ploughshare," and returned with
+honest delight to his little farm.
+
+7. Look at Washington! What was his course of life? He was first a
+_farmer;_ next a _Commander in Chief_ of the hosts of freedom, fighting
+for the liberation of his country from the thralls of despotic
+oppression; next, called to the highest seat of government by his
+ransomed brethren, a _President of the largest Republic on earth_, and
+lastly, a _farmer_ again.
+
+8. What was the famous Ben Jonson? He was first a _brick-layer, or
+mason!_ What was he in after years? 'Tis needless to answer.
+
+What was Burns? An Ayrshire _plowman!_ What was he in after life, in the
+estimation of his countrymen, and the world? Your library gives the
+answer!
+
+9. But shall we go on, and call up, in proud array, all the mighty host
+of worthies that have lived and died, who were cradled in the lap of
+penury, and received their first lessons in the school of affliction'?
+Nay'; we have cited instances enough already,--yea, more than enough to
+prove the point in question--namely, _that there is no profession,
+however low in the opinion of the world, but has been honored with
+earth's greatest and worthiest._
+
+10. Young man! Does the iron hand of misfortune press hard upon you, and
+disappointments well-nigh sink your despairing soul'? Have courage!
+Mighty ones have been your predecessors, and have withstood the current
+of opposition that threatened to overwhelm their fragile bark.
+
+11. Do you despise your humble station, and repine that Providence has
+not placed you in some nobler sphere'? Murmur not against the
+dispensations of an All-wise Creator! Remember that wealth is no
+criterion of moral rectitude or intellectual worth,--that riches
+dishonestly gained, are a lasting curse,--that virtue and uprightness
+work out a rich reward,--and that
+
+ "An honest man's the noblest work of God."
+
+12. And when dark Disappointment comes, do not wither at her stare; but
+press forward, and the prize is yours! It was thus with _Franklin_,--it
+can be thus with _you_. He strove for the prize, and he won it! So may
+_you!_ 'Tis well worth contending for; and may success attend you, and
+the "stars" grow brighter, as the "stripes" wear deeper!
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What did the rich boy say of the poor boy? 2. What reply
+did the poor boy make? 3. What other examples are cited of eminent men
+who were once poor? 4. What is said of Cincinnatus? 5. Of Washington? 6.
+Of Ben Jonson? 7. Of Burns? 8. What do all these examples prove? 9. What
+encouragement is given to young men? 10. What are the full forms of the
+words _you're, 'prentice?_
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XLVII.
+
+ MAG'IC, power of enchantment.
+ CONTEN'TION, strife; controversy.
+ TRA DI'TION, facts or events handed down from age to age.
+ SUB TILE, thin; slight; slender.
+ IN VEST'ED, clothed.
+ CREST'ED, adorned with a plume or crest.
+ AZ'URE, light-blue; sky-colored.
+ PER SPECT' IVE, (PER, _through_; SPECT, _to see_; IVE, _having
+ the power_,) having the power to see through; a view through.
+ UN DI VERT' ED, (UN, _not_; DI, _aside_; VERTED, _turned_,)
+ not turned aside; unheeded.
+ VEST'URE, garment.
+ SE DATE', calm; quiet.
+ FAN TAS'TIC, fanciful; visionary.
+ RA DI ANCE, brightness; luster.
+ IN VEC'TIVE, railing speech.
+ I DE'AL, imaginary.
+ FA TIGU ING, wearisome, toilsome.
+ AS PIR'ING, aiming; seeking to rise.
+
+
+NOW AND THEN.
+
+JANE TAYLOR.
+
+ 1. In distant days,--of wild romance,
+ Of magic, mist, and fable,--
+ When stones could argue, trees advance,[Footnote 1]
+ And brutes to talk were able,--
+ When shrubs and flowers were said to preach,
+ And manage all the parts of speech,--
+
+ 2. 'Twas _then_, no doubt, if 'twas at all,
+ (But doubts we need not mention,)
+ That _Then_ and _Now_, two adverbs small,
+ Engaged in sharp contention;
+ But how they made each other hear,
+ Tradition doth not make appear.
+
+ 3. _Then_ was a sprite of subtile frame,
+ With rainbow tints invested.--
+ On clouds of dazzling light she came,
+ And stars her forehead crested;
+ Her sparkling eyes of azure hue,
+ Seemed borrowed from the distant blue.
+
+ 4. _Now_ rested on the solid earth,
+ And sober was her vesture;
+ She seldom either grief or mirth
+ Expressed, by word or gesture;
+ Composed, sedate, and firm she stood,
+ And looked industrious, calm, and good.
+
+ 5. _Then_ sang a wild, fantastic song,
+ Light as the gale she flies on,
+ Still stretching, as she sailed along,
+ Toward the far horizon,
+ Where clouds of radiance, fringed with gold,
+ O'er hills of emerald beauty rolled.
+
+ 6. _Now_ rarely raised her sober eye
+ To view that golden distance;
+ Nor let one idle minute fly
+ In hope of _Then's_ assistance;
+ But still with busy hands she stood,
+ Intent on doing _present_ good.
+
+ 7. She ate the sweet, but homely fare,
+ That passing moments brought her;
+ While _Then_, expecting dainties rare,
+ Despised such bread and water;
+ And waited for the fruits and flowers
+ Of future, still receding hours.
+
+ 8. _Now_, venturing once to ask her why,
+ She answered with invective;
+ And pointed, as she made reply,
+ _Toward that long perspective
+ Of years to come_,--in distant blue,
+ Wherein she meant to _live_ and _do_,
+
+ 9. "Alas!" says she, _"how hard you toil!_
+ With undiverted sadness;
+ Behold yon land of wine and oil!
+ Those sunny hills of gladness!
+ Those joys I wait, with eager brow,"
+ _"And so you always will!"_ said _Now_.
+
+10. "That fairy land that looks so real,
+ Recedes as you pursue it;
+ Thus, while you wait for time's ideal,
+ _I take my work and do it;_
+ Intent to form, when time is gone,
+ A _pleasant past_ to look upon."
+
+11. "Ah, well," said _Then_, "I envy not
+ Your dull, fatiguing labors,--
+ Aspiring to a brighter lot,
+ With thousands of my neighbors;
+ Soon as I reach that golden hill,"--
+ "But that," says _Now_, "you _never will!"_
+
+12. "And e'en suppose you should," said she,
+ "(Though mortal ne'er attained it,)
+ Your nature you must change with me,
+ The moment you have gained it;
+ Since hope fulfilled, (you must allow,)
+ Turns NOW to _Then_, and THEN to _Now_."
+
+[Footnote 1: The reference is to Orpheus, (or' fuse,) an ancient poet
+and musician of Greece. The skill of Orpheus on the lyre, was fabled to
+have been such as to move the very trees and rocks, and to assemble the
+beasts around him as he touched its chords.]
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What two words are represented as holding a controversy?
+2. Describe the appearance of each. 3. When did _Then_ propose to do
+something? 4. How did Now act? 5. What answer did _Then_ make, when
+_Now_ asked her why she waited? 6. What was _Now's_ reply? 7. What did
+_Now_ finally say to _Then_? 8. How should passages, within a
+parenthesis, be read? See SANDERS' UNION READER, NUMBER THREE, page 20.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XLVIII.
+
+ IN GEN' IOUS, artful; skillful.
+ STRAT' A GEM, trick; artifice.
+ EX CEED' ED, surpassed.
+ SIG' NALS, signs.
+ AM' I CA BLE, friendly; peaceable.
+ RE PEL', (RE, _back_; PEL, _to drive_,)drive back.
+ MU' TU AL, reciprocal.
+ EX TRAOR' DI NA RY, uncommon.
+ IN VET' ER ATE, obstinate; violent.
+ HARANGUE', declamatory speech.
+ EN TER TAIN' ED, held; had.
+ SUS PI' CION, mistrust.
+ EN COUN' TER ED, met face to face.
+ EX' E CU TED, carried out.
+ FOR' MI DA BLE, fearful; dreadful.
+ PER FID' I OUS, treacherous.
+ PRE CIP' ITATELY, headlong.
+ IN AN' I MATE, dead; lifeless.
+
+
+AN INGENIOUS STRATAGEM.
+
+DAYS OF WASHINGTON.
+
+1. In the early part of the war, a sergeant and twelve armed men
+undertook a journey through the wilderness, in the State of New
+Hampshire. Their route was remote from any settlement, and they were
+under the necessity of encamping over night in the woods. Nothing
+material happened the first day of their excursion; but, early in the
+afternoon of the second, they, from an eminence, discovered a body of
+armed Indians advancing toward them, whose number rather exceeded their
+own.
+
+2. As soon as the whites were perceived by their red brethren, the
+latter made signals, and the two parties approached each other in an
+amicable manner. The Indians appeared to be much gratified with meeting
+the sergeant and his men, whom, they observed, they considered as their
+protectors. They said they belonged to a tribe which had raised the
+hatchet with zeal in the cause of liberty, and were determined to do all
+in their power to repel the common enemy.
+
+3. They shook hands in friendship. When they had conversed with each
+other for some time, and exchanged mutual good wishes, they, at length,
+separated, and each party traveled in a different direction. After
+proceeding to the distance of a mile or more, the sergeant, who was
+acquainted with all the different tribes, and knew on which side of the
+contest they were respectively ranked, halted his men, and addressed
+them in the following words:
+
+4. "My brave companions, we must use the utmost caution, or this night
+may be our last. Should we not make some extraordinary exertions to
+defend ourselves, to-morrow's sun may find us sleeping, never to wake.
+You are surprised, comrades, at my words, and your anxiety will not be
+lessened, when I inform you that we have just passed _our most
+inveterate foe_, who, under the mask of pretended friendship, which you
+have witnessed, would lull us to security, and, by such means, in the
+unguarded moments of our midnight slumber, without resistance, seal our
+fate."
+
+5. The men with astonishment listened to this short harangue; and their
+surprise was greater, as not one of them had entertained the suspicion
+but that they had just encountered friends. They all immediately
+resolved to enter into some scheme for their mutual preservation, and
+the destruction of their enemies. By the proposal of their leader, the
+following plan was adopted and executed.
+
+6. The spot selected for their night's encampment, was near a stream of
+water, which served to cover their rear. They felled a large tree,
+before which, on the approach of night, a brilliant fire was lighted.
+Each individual cut a log of wood, about the size of his body, rolled it
+nicely in his blanket, placed his hat upon one end, and laid it before
+the fire, that the enemy might be deceived, and mistake it for a man.
+
+7. After they had thus fitted out logs, equal in number to the
+sergeant's party, and had so artfully arranged them, that they might be
+easily mistaken for so many soldiers, the men with loaded muskets placed
+themselves behind the fallen tree, by which time the shades of evening
+began to close around. The fire was kept burning brilliantly until late
+in the evening, when it was suffered to decline.
+
+8. The critical time was now approaching, when an attack might be
+expected from the Indians; but the sergeant's men rested in their place
+of concealment with great anxiety, till near midnight, without
+perceiving any movement of the enemy. At length, a tall Indian was
+discovered, through the glimmering of the fire, cautiously moving toward
+them, making no noise, and apparently using every means in his power to
+conceal himself from any one about the camp.
+
+9. For a time, his actions showed him to be suspicious that a guard
+might be stationed to watch any unusual appearance, who would give the
+alarm in case of danger; but, all appearing quiet, he ventured forward
+more boldly, rested upon his toes, and was distinctly seen to move his
+finger as he numbered each log of wood, or what he supposed to be a
+human being quietly enjoying repose.
+
+10. To satisfy himself more fully, as to the number, he counted them
+over a second time, and cautiously retired. He was succeeded by another
+Indian, who went through the same movements, and retired in the same
+manner. Soon after, the whole party, sixteen in number, were discovered
+approaching, and greedily eyeing their supposed victims.
+
+11. The feelings of the sergeant's men can be better imagined than
+described, when they saw the base and cruel purpose of their enemies,
+who were now so near that they could scarcely be restrained from firing
+upon them. The plan, however, of the sergeant, was to have his men
+remain silent in their places of concealment, till the muskets of the
+savages were discharged, that their own fire might be effectual, and
+opposition less formidable.
+
+12. Their suspense was not of long duration. The Indians, in a body,
+cautiously approached till within a short distance: they then halted,
+took deliberate aim, discharged their pieces upon inanimate logs, gave a
+dreadful war-whoop, and instantly rushed forward, with tomahawk and
+scalping knife in hand, to dispatch the living, and obtain the scalps of
+the dead.
+
+13. As soon as they had collected in close order, more effectually to
+execute their horrid intentions, the sergeant's party discharged their
+pieces, not on logs of wood, but perfidious savages,--many of whom fell
+under the hot fire of the little band, and the rest precipitately fled.
+But for this ingenious scheme, it is probable that not one of these
+twelve men would have escaped the tomahawk of the savages.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What did the sergeant say to his men, after parting with
+the Indians? 2. What plan did the sergeant propose for their
+preservation? 3. Did the plan succeed? 4. Describe the closing scene.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XLIX.
+
+ VEN' ER A BLE, worthy of reverence.
+ IN VA' SION, irruption; inroad.
+ EX CIT' ED, roused; stirred up.
+ IRE, wrath; indignation.
+ VENGE' ANCE, retaliation.
+ RE LEAS' ED, set free; liberated.
+ TRO PHIES, memorials of victory.
+ BE REFT', deprived.
+ VULT' URE, rapacious bird.
+ TRAV' ERS ED, crossed over.
+ DE SCRIP' TION, representation.
+ MA TER' NAL, motherly.
+ FIL' IAL, becoming a child.
+ CON SAN GUIN' I TY, blood relationship.
+ IN TEL' LI GENCE, news; information.
+ I DEN' TI TY, sameness.
+ SUR VIV' ED, remained alive.
+ AS CER TAIN' ED, found out.
+ IN TER' PRET ER, explainer.
+ LIN' E A MENTS, features.
+
+
+FRANCES SLOCUM, THE YOUNG CAPTIVE.
+
+[Footnote: The great massacre at Wyoming was, perhaps, the most bloody
+and terrible chapter of the Revolution. A combined Indian and Tory force
+had flung itself upon the peaceful valley, and murdered or made captive
+nearly all its unoffending inhabitants; its old and its young,--men,
+women, and children alike,--were either indiscriminately butchered or
+made prisoners. Among the prisoners taken on that occasion, was an
+infant child by the name of Frances Slocum. The story is a very strange
+one; we copy it from Lossing's very excellent work, "The Field Book of
+the Revolution."]
+
+B.J. LOSSING.
+
+1. I passed the evening with the venerable Joseph Slocum, whose family
+was among the sufferers, in Wyoming Valley. He related to me all the
+particulars of the capture and final discovery of his sister Frances,
+and other incidents connected with the sufferings of his family.
+
+2. His father was a Quaker, and was distinguished for his kindness to
+the Indians. He remained unharmed at the time of the invasion, and,
+while the torch was applied to the dwellings of others, _his_ was left
+untouched. But his son Giles was in the battle. This, doubtless, excited
+the ire of the Indians, and they resolved on vengeance. 3. Late in the
+autumn, they were seen prowling about the house, which was situated
+about one hundred rods from the Wilkesbarre Fort. A neighbor, named
+Kingsley, had been made prisoner, and his wife and two sons had a
+welcome home in Mr. Slocum's family. One morning, the boys were grinding
+a knife near the house, when a rifle-shot and a shriek brought Mrs.
+Slocum to the door. An Indian was scalping the eldest boy, a lad of
+fifteen, with the knife he had been grinding.
+
+4. The savage then went into the house, and caught up a little son of
+Mrs. Slocum. "See!" exclaimed the frightened mother, "he can do thee no
+good; he is lame." The Indian released the boy, took up her little
+daughter Frances, aged five years, gently in his arms, and, seizing the
+younger Kingsley, hastened to the mountains.
+
+5. Two Indians who were with him, carried off a black girl, about
+seventeen years of age. Mr. Slocum's daughter caught up her brother
+Joseph, (my informant,) two and a half years old, and fled in safety to
+the fort, where an alarm was given; but the savages were beyond
+successful pursuit.
+
+6. About six weeks afterward, Mr. Slocum and his father-in-law Ira
+Tripp, were shot and scalped by some Indians while foddering cattle near
+the house. Again the savages escaped with their horrid trophies. Mrs.
+Slocum, bereft of father, husband, and child, and stripped of all
+possessions but the house that sheltered her, could not leave the
+valley, for nine helpless children were yet in her household.
+
+7. She trusted in the God of Elijah; and, if she was not fed by the
+ravens, she was spared by the vultures. She mourned not for the dead;
+for they were at rest: but little Frances, her lost darling, where was
+she? The lamp of hope kept on burning; but years rolled by, and no
+tidings of the little one came.
+
+8. When peace returned, and friendly intercourse with Canada was
+established, two of the little captive's brothers started in search of
+her. They traversed the wilderness to Niagara, offering rewards for her
+recovery; but all in vain. They returned to Wyoming, convinced that the
+child was dead. But the mother's heart was still the shrine of hope, and
+she felt assured that Frances was not in the grave.
+
+9. Her soul appeared to commune with that of her child, and she often
+said, "I know Frances is still living." At length, the mother's heart
+was cheered: a woman (for many years had now passed, and Frances, if
+living, must have arrived to womanhood) was found among the Indians,
+answering the description of the lost one. She only remembered being
+carried away from the Susquehanna.
+
+10. Mrs. Slocum took her home, and cherished her with a mother's
+tenderness. Yet the mysterious link of sympathy which binds the maternal
+spirit to its offspring, was unfelt, and the bereaved mother was
+bereaved still. "It may be Frances, but it does not seem so; yet the
+woman shall ever be welcome," said Mrs. Slocum. The foundling, also,
+felt no filial yearnings; and, both becoming convinced that no
+consanguinity existed, the orphan returned to her Indian friends.
+
+11. From time to time, the hope of the mother would be revived, and
+journeys were made to distant Indian settlements in search of the lost
+sister; but in vain. The mother went "down into the grave, mourning,"
+and little Frances was almost forgotten. Her brothers had become aged
+men, and their grandchildren were playing upon the very spot, whence she
+had been taken.
+
+12. In the summer of 1837, fifty-nine years after her capture,
+intelligence of Frances was received. Colonel Ewing, an Indian agent and
+trader, in a letter from Logansport, Indiana, to the editor of the
+_Lancaster Intelligencer_, gave such information, that all doubts
+respecting her identity were removed; and Joseph Slocum, with the sister
+who carried him to the fort, and yet survived, immediately journeyed to
+Ohio, where they were joined by their younger brother Isaac.
+
+13. They proceeded to Logansport, where they found Mr. Ewing, and
+ascertained that the woman spoken of by him, lived about twelve miles
+from the village. She was immediately sent for; and, toward evening the
+next day, she came into the town, riding a spirited young horse,
+accompanied by her two daughters, and the husband of one of them,--all
+dressed in full Indian costume.
+
+14. An interpreter was procured, (for she could not speak or understand
+English,) and she listened seriously to what her brothers had to say.
+She answered but little, and, at sunset, departed for her home,
+promising to return the next morning. The brother and sister were quite
+sure that it was indeed Frances, though in her face nothing but Indian
+lineaments were seen, her color alone revealing her origin.
+
+15. True to her appointment, she appeared the following morning,
+accompanied as before. Mr. Joseph Slocum then mentioned a mark of
+recognition, which, his mother had said, was a sure test. While playing,
+one day, with a hammer in a blacksmith's shop, Joseph, then a child two
+and a half years old, gave Frances a blow upon the middle finger of the
+left hand, which crushed the bone, and deprived the finger of its nail.
+
+16. This test Mr. Slocum had withheld until others should fail. When he
+mentioned it, the aged woman was greatly agitated; and, while tears
+filled the furrows of her face, she held out the wounded finger. There
+was no longer a doubt, and a scene of great interest ensued. Her
+affections for her kindred, that had slumbered half a century, were
+aroused, and she made earnest inquiries after her father, mother,
+brothers, and sisters. Her full heart--full with the cherished secrets
+of her history--was opened, and the story of her life freely given.
+
+17. She said the savages, who were Delawares, after taking her to a
+rocky cave in the mountains, departed to the Indian country. The first
+night was the unhappiest of her life. She was kindly treated,--being
+carried tenderly in their arms when she was weary. She was adopted in an
+Indian family, and brought up as their daughter. For years she lived a
+roving life, and loved it. She was taught the use of the bow and arrow,
+and became expert in all the employments of savage existence.
+
+18. When she was grown to womanhood, both her Indian parents died, and
+she soon afterward married a young chief of the nation, and removed to
+the Ohio country. She was treated with more respect than the Indian
+women generally; and so happy was she in her domestic relations, that
+the chance of being discovered, and compelled to return among the
+whites, was the greatest evil that she feared; for she had been taught
+that they were the implacable enemies of the Indians, whom she loved.
+
+19. Her husband died; and, her people having joined the Miamies, she
+went with them, and married one of that tribe. The last husband was also
+dead, and she had been a widow many years. Children and grandchildren
+were around her, and her life was passing pleasantly away. When she
+concluded the narrative, she lifted her right hand in a solemn manner,
+and said, "All this is as true as that there is a Great Spirit in the
+heavens!" she had entirely forgotten her native language, and was a
+pagan.
+
+20. On the day after the second interview, the brothers and sisters,
+with the interpreter, rode out to her dwelling. It was a well-built
+log-house, in the midst of cultivation. A large herd of cattle and sixty
+horses were grazing in the pasture. Everything betokened plenty and
+comfort; for she was wealthy, when her wants and her means were
+compared. Her annuity from government, which she received as one of the
+Miami tribe, had been saved, and she had about one thousand dollars in
+specie.
+
+21. Her white friends passed several days very agreeably with her; and
+subsequently her brother Joseph, with his daughter, the wife of the Hon.
+Mr. Bennet, of Wyoming, made her another visit, and bade her a last
+farewell. She died a few years ago, and was buried with considerable
+pomp; for she was regarded as a queen among her tribe.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Where is the Wyoming Valley? 2. Relate the incidents
+connected with the capture of little Frances. 3. What efforts were made
+to find her? 4. How many years after her capture before she was found?
+5. Where did they find her? 6. By what test did Mr. Slocum prove that
+she was his sister? 7. What history did she relate of herself? 8.
+Describe her home.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON L.
+
+ FRING' ING, bordering; edging.
+ LEDGE, layer; ridge.
+ DAI SY, (literally _day's eye_,) a little wild flower very
+ common in summer.
+ RI' OT OUS, noisy; reveling.
+ BOIS' TER OUS, tumultuous; violent.
+ CULL' ING, selecting; picking.
+ BOU QUETS', (_boo kas_,) bunches of flowers.
+ SULK' Y, morose.
+ BOTH' ER ING, perplexing.
+ UN WONT' ED, rare: uncommon.
+ TE' DI OUS, tiresome; wearisome.
+
+
+THE RAIN-DROPS.
+
+DELIA LOUISE COLTON.
+
+1. _The silver rain, the golden rain,_
+ _The tripping, dancing, laughing rain!_
+ Stringing its pearls on the green leaf's edge,
+ Fringing with gems the brown rock's ledge,
+ Spinning a vail for the water-fall,
+ And building an amber-colored wall
+ Across the West where the sun-beams fall:
+ _The gentle rain_, in the shady lane,
+ _The pattering, peering, winning rain!_
+
+2. _The noisy rain, the marching rain,_
+ _The rushing tread of the heavy rain!_
+ Pouring its rivers from out the blue,
+ Down on the grass where the daisies grew,
+ Darting in clouds of angry drops
+ Across the hills and the green tree-tops,
+ And kissing, at last, in its giant glee,
+ The foaming lips of the great green sea:
+ _The fierce, wild rain, the riotous rain,_
+ _The boisterous, dashing, shouting rain!_
+
+3. _The still night rain, the solemn rain!_
+ _The soldier-step of the midnight rain!_
+ With its measured beat on the roof o'erhead,
+ With its tidings sweet of the faithful dead,
+ Whispers from loves who are laid asleep
+ Under the sod where the myrtles creep,
+ Culling bouquets from the sun-lit past,
+ Of flowers too sweet, too fair to last:
+ _The faithful rain, the untiring rain,_
+ _The cooing, sobbing, weeping rain!_
+
+4. _The sulky rain, the spiteful rain,_
+ _The bothering, pilfering, thieving rain!_
+ Creeping so lazily over the sky,
+ A leaden mask o'er a bright blue eye,
+ And shutting in, with its damp, strong hands,
+ The rosy faces in curls, and bands
+ Of girls who think, with unwonted frown
+ Of the charming laces and things down-town,
+ That might as well for this tiresome rain,
+ Be in the rose land of Almahain:
+ _The horrid rain, the tedious rain,_
+ _The never-ending, dingy rain!_
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What is the meaning of the suffix _ing_, in such words as
+_tripping, dancing, laughing_, &c.? See SANDERS & McELLIGOTT'S ANALYSIS,
+page 153, Ex. 206. 2. What is the use of the hyphen in such words as
+_water-fall, amber-colored_, &c.? See SANDERS' NEW SPELLER, page l65.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LI.
+
+ LAV' ISH, liberal; profuse.
+ PER' FUMES, pleasant odors.
+ HAR MO' NI OUS, concordant.
+ RAPT' URE, extreme joyousness.
+ GERMS, seed-buds; beginnings.
+ PAR'TICLES, minute parts; atoms.
+ MOTES, very small particles.
+ VENT' URE, dare; have courage.
+ COL' UMNS, pillars.
+ DOME, arched roof; cupola.
+ TI' NY, very small.
+ ES' SENCE, perfume.
+
+
+"SMALL THINGS."
+
+F. BENNOCH.
+
+1. Who dares to scorn the meanest thing,
+ The humblest weed that grows,
+ While pleasure spreads its joyous wing
+ On every breeze that blows?
+ The simplest flower that, hidden, blooms
+ The lowest on the ground,
+ Is lavish of its rare perfumes,
+ And scatters sweetness round.
+
+2. The poorest friend upholds a part
+ Of life's harmonious plan;
+ The weakest hand may have the art
+ To serve the strongest man.
+ The bird that highest, clearest sings,
+ To greet the morning's birth,
+ Falls down to drink, with folded wings,
+ Love's rapture on the earth.
+
+3. From germs too small for mortal sight
+ Grow all things that are seen,
+ Their floating particles of light
+ Weave Nature's robe of green.
+ The motes that fill the sunny rays
+ Build ocean, earth, and sky,--
+ The wondrous orbs that round us blaze
+ Are motes to Deity!
+
+4. Life, love, devotion, closely twine,
+ Like tree, and flower, and fruit;
+ They ripen by a power divine,
+ Though fed by leaf and root.
+ And he who would be truly great,
+ Must venture to be small;
+ On airy columns rests the dome
+ That, shining, circles all.
+
+5. Small duties grow to mighty deeds;
+ Small words to thoughts of power;
+ Great forests spring from tiny seeds,
+ As moments make the hour.
+ And life, howe'er it lowly grows,
+ The essence to it given,
+ Like odor from the breathing rose,
+ Floats evermore to Heaven.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LII.
+
+ EX TINCT', extinguished.
+ IN COR' PO RA TED, united.
+ TAC' IT, silent; implied.
+ SUB SIST' ED, existed.
+ HOS PI TAL' I TY, kind treatment.
+ IN POR' TU NATE, urgent; pressing.
+ EN CROACH' MENT, intrusion.
+ IR' RI TA TED, provoked; exasperated.
+ MAS' SA CRE, (_mas' sa ker_,) slaughter.
+ GRAV' I TY, seriousness.
+ DE LIB' ER ATE, take council.
+ TREA' SON, treachery; disloyalty.
+ AP PRIS' ING, informing.
+ BE TRAY', expose.
+ IN VIN CI BLE, unconquerable.
+ WAX' ED, became, grew.
+ BE SOUGHT', entreated; implored.
+ SUF FICE, (_c like z_,) prove sufficient.
+
+
+MURDERER'S CREEK.
+
+[Footnote: In Orange County, New York.]
+
+JAMES K. PAULDING.
+
+1. Little more than a century ago, the beautiful region watered by this
+stream, was possessed by a small tribe of Indians, which has long since
+become extinct, or incorporated with some other savage nation of the
+West. Three or four hundred yards from where the stream discharges
+itself into the Hudson, a white family, of the name of Stacy, had
+established itself in a log-house, by tacit permission of the tribe, to
+whom Stacy had made himself useful by his skill in a variety of little
+arts, highly estimated by the savages.
+
+2. In particular, a friendship subsisted between him and an old Indian,
+called Naöman, who often came to his house, and partook of his
+hospitality. _The Indians never forgive injuries, nor forget benefits_.
+The family consisted of Stacy, his wife, and two children, a boy and a
+girl, the former five, the latter three years old.
+
+3. One day, Naöman came to Stacy's log-hut, in his absence, lighted his
+pipe, and sat down. He looked very serious, sometimes sighed deeply, but
+said not a word. Stacy's wife asked him what was the matter,--if he was
+sick. He shook his head, sighed, but said nothing, and soon went away.
+The next day, he came again and behaved in the same manner. Stacy's wife
+began to think strange of this, and related it to her husband, who
+advised her to urge the old man to an explanation the next time he came.
+
+4. Accordingly, when he repeated his visit the day after, she was more
+importunate than usual. At last, the old Indian said. "I am a red man,
+and the pale faces are our enemies: why should I speak?"--"But my
+husband and I are your friends: you have eaten salt with us a thousand
+times, and my children have sat on your knees as often. If you have
+anything on your mind, tell it me."--"It will cost me my life if it is
+known, and the white-faced women are not good at keeping secrets,"
+replied Naöman.
+
+5. "Try me, and see."--"Will you swear by your Great Spirit that you
+will tell none but your husband?"--"I have none else to tell."--"But
+will you swear?"--"I do swear by our Great Spirit, I will tell none but
+my husband."--"Not if my tribe should _kill you_ for not telling?"--"Not
+if your tribe should kill me for not telling."
+
+6. Naöman then proceeded to tell her that, owing to some encroachments
+of the white people below the mountains, his tribe had become irritated,
+and were resolved that night to massacre all the white settlers within
+their reach; that she must send for her husband, inform him of the
+danger, and, as secretly and speedily as possible, take their canoe and
+paddle, with all haste, over the river to Fishkill for safety. "Be
+quick, and do nothing that may excite suspicion," said Naöman, as he
+departed.
+
+7. The good wife sought her husband, who was down on the river fishing,
+told him the story, and, as no time was to be lost, they proceeded to
+their boat, which was unluckily filled with water. It took some time to
+clear it out, and, meanwhile, Stacy recollected his gun, which had been
+left behind. He proceeded to the house, and returned with it. All this
+took up considerable time, and precious time it proved to this poor
+family.
+
+8. The daily visits of old Naöman, and his more than ordinary gravity,
+had excited suspicion in some of the tribe, who had, accordingly, paid
+particular attention to the movements of Stacy. One of the young
+Indians, who had been kept on the watch, seeing the whole family about
+to take to the boat, ran to the little Indian village, about a mile off,
+and gave the alarm. Five Indians collected, ran down to the river, where
+their canoes were moored, jumped in, and paddled after Stacy, who, by
+this time, had got some distance out into the stream.
+
+9. They gained on him so fast, that twice he dropped his paddle, and
+took up his gun. But his wife prevented his shooting by telling him
+that, if he fired, and they were afterwards overtaken, they would meet
+with no mercy from the Indians. He accordingly refrained, and plied his
+paddle till the sweat rolled in big drops down his forehead. All would
+not do; they were overtaken within a hundred yards from the shore, and
+carried back with shouts of yelling triumph.
+
+10. When they got ashore, the Indians set fire to Stacy's house, and
+dragged himself, his wife, and children, to their village. Here the
+principal old men, and Naoman among them, assembled to deliberate on the
+affair. The chief men of the council stated that some of the tribe had,
+undoubtedly, been guilty of treason, in apprising Stacy, the white man,
+of the designs of the tribe, whereby they took the alarm, and well-nigh
+escaped.
+
+11. He proposed to examine the prisoners, to learn who gave the
+information. The old men assented to this, and Naöman among the rest.
+Stacy was first interrogated by one of the old men, who spoke English
+and interpreted to the others. Stacy refused to betray his informant.
+His wife was then questioned; while, at the same moment, two Indians
+stood threatening the two children, with tomahawks, in case she did not
+confess.
+
+12. She attempted to evade the truth, by declaring she had a dream the
+night before, which alarmed her, and that she had persuaded her husband
+to fly. "The Great Spirit never deigns to talk in dreams to a white
+face," said the old Indian. "Woman, thou hast two tongues, and two
+faces. Speak the truth, or thy children shall surely die." The little
+boy and girl were then brought close to her, and the two savages stood
+over them, ready to execute their bloody orders.
+
+13. "Wilt thou name," said the old Indian, "the red man who betrayed his
+tribe? I will ask thee three times." The mother answered not. "Wilt thou
+name the traitor? This is the second time." The poor mother looked at
+her husband, and then at her children, and stole a glance at Naoman, who
+sat smoking his pipe with invincible gravity.
+
+14. She wrung her hands, and wept; but remained silent. "Wilt thou name
+the traitor? 'Tis the third and last time." The agony of the mother
+waxed more bitter; again she sought the eye of Naoman; but it was cold
+and motionless. A pause of a moment awaited her reply, and the tomahawks
+were raised over the heads of the children, who besought their mother
+not to let them be murdered.
+
+15. "Stop!" cried Naöman. All eyes were turned upon him. "Stop!"
+repeated he, in a tone of authority. "White woman, thou hast kept thy
+word with me to the last moment. _I am the traitor_. I have eaten of the
+salt, warmed myself at the fire, shared the kindness, of these Christian
+white people, and it was _I_ that told them of their danger. I am a
+withered, leafless, branchless trunk. Cut me down, if you will: I am
+ready."
+
+16. A yell of indignation sounded on all sides. Naöman descended from
+the little bank where he sat, shrouded his face with his mantle of
+skins, and submitted to his fate. He fell dead at the feet of the white
+woman by a blow of the tomahawk.
+
+17. But the sacrifice of Naöman, and the firmness of the Christian white
+woman, did not suffice to save the lives of the other victims. They
+perished,--how, it is needless to say; and the memory of their fate has
+been preserved in the name of the pleasant stream, on whose banks they
+lived and died, which, to this day, is called MURDERER'S CREEK.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Where is Murderer's Creek? 2. What is said of Naöman and
+Stacy's family? 3. Why did Naöman, at first, refuse to tell Mrs. Stacy
+of her danger? 4. Did Stacy's family make their escape? 5. Where were
+they taken? 6. Did Mrs. Stacy tell who had informed her? 7. What
+measures did the Indians adopt, to make her tell? What did Naoman say?
+9. What did the Indians do with Naoman and Stacy's family?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LIII.
+
+ PER' IL OUS, hazardous; dangerous.
+ DE FILES', narrow passages.
+ PREC' I PIC ES, steep descents.
+ SOL'I TUDE, lonely places.
+ AM MU NI' TION, military stores, as powder, balls, &c.
+ DRA GOONS, mounted soldiers.
+ SUM' MIT, top; highest point.
+ AV A LANCHE', snow-slip.
+ CROUCH' ED, cringed.
+ AD VANCE', forward; proceed.
+ BE NUMB' ED, deprived of feeling.
+ EX PLOITS', heroic deeds.
+ IL LUS' TRATES, explains; makes clear.
+ HE RO'IC, brave; fearless.
+ UN FLINCH'ING, determined; resolute.
+
+ BAY' O NET, a short, pointed instrument of iron, or broad dagger,
+ fitted to the barrel of a gun. It is so called, because the first
+ bayonets were made at Bayonne, in France.
+
+
+NAPOLEON'S ARMY CROSSING THE ALPS.
+
+1. When Napoleon was carrying war into Italy, he ordered one of his
+officers, Marshal Macdonald, to cross the Splugen with fifteen thousand
+soldiers, and join him on the plains below. The Splugen is one of the
+four great roads which cross the Alps from Switzerland to Italy.
+
+2. When Macdonald received the order, it was about the last of November,
+and the winter storms were raging among the mountain passes. It was a
+perilous undertaking, yet he must obey; and the men began their terrible
+march through narrow defiles and overhanging precipices, six thousand
+feet up, up among the gloomy solitudes of the Alps.
+
+3. The cannon were placed on sleds drawn by oxen, and the ammunition was
+packed on mules. First came the guides, sticking their long poles in the
+snow, in order to find the path; then came workmen to clear away the
+drifts; then the dragoons, mounted on their most powerful horses, to
+beat down the track; after which followed the main body of the army.
+
+4. They encountered severe storms and piercing cold. When half-way up
+the summit, a rumbling noise was heard among the cliffs. The guides
+looked at each other in alarm; for they knew well what it meant. It grew
+louder and louder. "_An avalanche! an avalanche!_" they shrieked, and
+the next moment a field of ice and snow came leaping down the mountain,
+striking the line of march, and sweeping thirty dragoons in a wild
+plunge below. The black forms of the horses and their riders were seen
+for an instant struggling for life, and then they disappeared forever.
+
+5. The sight struck the soldiers with horror; they crouched and shivered
+in the blast. Their enemy was not now flesh and blood, but wild winter
+storms; swords and bayonets could not defend them from the desolating
+avalanche. Flight or retreat was hopeless; for all around lay the
+drifted snow, like a vast winding-sheet. On they must go, or death was
+certain, and the brave men struggled forward.
+
+6. "Soldiers!" exclaimed their commander, "you are called to Italy; your
+general needs you. Advance and conquer, first the mountain and the snow,
+then the plains and the enemy!" Blinded by the winds, benumbed with the
+cold, and far beyond the reach of aid, Macdonald and his men pressed on.
+Sometimes a whole company of soldiers were suddenly swept away by an
+avalanche.
+
+7. On one occasion, a poor drummer, crawling out from the mass of snow,
+which had torn him from his comrades, began to beat his drum for relief.
+The muffled sound came up from his gloomy resting-place, and was heard
+by his brother soldiers; but none could go to his rescue. For an hour,
+he beat rapidly, then the strokes grew fainter, until they were heard no
+more, and the poor drummer laid himself down to die. Two weeks were
+occupied in this perilous march, and two hundred men perished in the
+undertaking.
+
+8. This passage of the Splugen is one of the bravest exploits in the
+history of Napoleon's generals, and illustrates the truth of the
+proverb, "_Where there is a will there is a way_." No one can read the
+heroic deeds of brave men grappling with danger and death, without a
+feeling of respect and admiration; but heroic deeds are always the fruit
+of _toil_ and _self-sacrifice_. _No one can accomplish great things,
+unless he aims at great things, and pursues that aim with unflinching
+courage and perseverance._
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What orders had Napoleon given to Marshal Macdonald? 2.
+What time of year was it? 3. Describe the march of the army over the
+Alps. 4. What disaster occurred to them? 5. How did their commander
+address the army? 6 Describe the drummer boy's fate. 7. How many men
+perished? 8. What does this exploit of the army illustrate? 9. What is
+said of heroic deeds?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LIV.
+
+ PROV' ERBS, sayings; maxims.
+ TRAC' ED, shown; marked out.
+ WOO ERS, suitors; lovers.
+ DENSE, close; thick.
+ STRIV' ING, making efforts.
+ CON TROL', restraint; government.
+ COPE, strive; contend.
+ DE FY' ING, daring; outbraving.
+ GHOST, specter; apparition.
+ RE LY' ING, trusting; depending.
+ WIN' NING, getting; gaining.
+ BRAM' BLES, prickly shrubs.
+
+
+WHERE THERE'S A WILL THERE'S A WAY.
+
+ELIZA COOK.
+
+1. We have faith in old proverbs full surely,
+ For wisdom has traced what they tell,
+ And truth may be drawn up as purely
+ From them, as it may from a "well."
+ Let us question the thinkers and doers,
+ And hear what they honestly say,
+ And you'll find they believe, like bold wooers,
+ In "_Where there's a WILL there's a WAY._"
+
+2. The hills have been high for man's mounting,
+ The woods have been dense for his ax,
+ The stars have been thick for his counting,
+ The sands have been wide for his tracks.
+ The sea has been deep for his diving,
+ The poles have been broad for his sway,
+ But bravely he's proved by his striving,
+ That "_Where there's a WILL there's a WAY._"
+
+3. Have ye vices that ask a destroyer,
+ Or passions that need your control?
+ Let Reason become your employer,
+ And your body be ruled by your soul.
+ Fight on, though ye bleed at the trial,
+ Resist with all strength that ye may,
+ Ye may conquer Sin's host by denial,
+ For, "_Where there's a WILL there's a WAY._"
+
+4. Have ye poverty's pinching to cope with'?
+ Does suffering weigh down your might'?
+ Only call up a spirit to hope with,
+ And dawn may come out of the night.
+ Oh! much may be done by defying
+ The ghost of Despair and Dismay,
+ And much may be gained by relying
+ On "_Where there's a WILL there's a WAY._"
+
+5. Should ye see afar off that worth winning,
+ Set out on a journey with trust,
+ And ne'er heed though your path at beginning
+ Should be among brambles and dust.
+ Though it is by footsteps ye do it,
+ And hardships may hinder and stay,
+ Keep a heart and be sure ye go through it,
+ For, "_Where there's a WILL there's a WAY._"
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What is the meaning of this proverb, "_Where there's a
+WILL there's a WAY?_" 2. What instances can you mention in which its
+truth has been realized? 3. Do you apply this proverb in getting your
+lessons?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LV.
+
+ TAL' IS MAN, charm; amulet.
+ VAN, front or head of an army.
+ FI' ER Y, ardent; passionate.
+ PLUMES, supplies with feathers.
+ TENSE' LY, tightly.
+ SWERVES, deviates.
+ DAUNT, frighten; terrify.
+ BAN' ISH, expel; drive away.
+
+ TEL EGRAPH,(TELE,_far off_; GRAPH, _writing or marking_,) a machine
+ to convey news far off. See SANDERS' NEW SPELLER, p. 161, Ex. 419.
+
+
+"I CAN!"
+
+1. "I CAN!" oh yes,--we _know_ you can!
+ We read it in your eye;
+ There is a mystic talisman
+ Flashing all gloriously!
+ Speak it out boldly, let it ring,
+ There is a volume there,
+ There's meaning in the eagle's wing
+ _Then soar, and do, and dare!_
+
+2. "I CAN!" climbs to the mountain top,
+ And plows the billowy main;
+ He lifts the hammer in the shop,
+ And drives the saw and plane;
+ He's fearless in the battle shock,
+ And always leads the van
+ Of young America's brave sons,--
+ They never quailed nor ran.
+
+3. "I CAN!" He is a fiery youth,
+ And WILL a brother twin,
+ And, arm in arm, in love and truth.
+ They'll either die or win.
+ Shoulder to shoulder, ever ready,
+ All firm and fearless still
+ These brothers labor,--true and steady,--
+ "I CAN," and brave "I WILL."
+
+4. "I CAN," e'en on his pleasure trips,
+ Travels by telegraph;
+ He plumes the snowy wing of ships,
+ And never works by half;
+ His music is the humming loom,
+ And shuttles are his dancers.,
+ Then clear the way, and quick give room
+ For the noble-souled "I CAN," sirs!
+
+5. "I CAN!" Indeed, we _know_ you can!
+ 'Tis lithe in every limb,
+ To your blood 'tis a busy fan,
+ How can the flame burn dim?
+ It tensely draws your sturdy nerves,--
+ No bow's without a string,
+ And when nor bow nor bow-string swerves,
+ An arrow's on the wing.
+
+6. There is a magic in the power
+ Of an unbending _will_,
+ That makes us stronger every hour,
+ For greater efforts still.
+ Then banish from you every CAN'T,
+ And show yourself a MAN,
+ And nothing will your purpose daunt,
+ Led by the brave "I CAN!"
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What does "_I can_" do? 2. Who is called his twin
+brother? 3. What is said of an unbending will?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LVI.
+
+ CAS' ED, invested.
+ ARM' OR, defensive arms.
+ STORM' ING, taking by assault.
+ AIR' Y, fanciful; visionary.
+ FOR' TRESS, fort; strong-hold.
+ DE TAIN', hinder; keep back.
+ WEAP' ONS, instruments for defense, or offense.
+ UN WOR' THY, undeserving.
+ RE GRET', sorrow for the past.
+ PHAN' TOM, specter; ghost-like.
+ SCARCE' LY, hardly.
+
+
+NOW, TO-DAY.
+
+ADELAIDE A. PROCTER.
+
+ 1. ARISE`! for the day is passing,
+ And you lie dreaming on;
+ Your brothers are cased in armor,
+ And forth to the fight are gone!
+ A place in the ranks awaits you;
+ Each man has some part to play;
+ The Past and the Future are nothing
+ In the face of stern TO-DAY.
+
+ 2. ARISE from your dreams of the Future,--
+ Of gaining some hard-fought field,
+ Of storming some airy fortress,
+ Or bidding some giant yield;
+ Your Future has deeds of glory,
+ Of honor, (God grant it may!)
+ But your arm will never be stronger,
+ Or needed as _now_,--TO-DAY.
+
+ 3. ARISE`! if the Past detain you,
+ Her sunshine and storms forget;
+ No chains so unworthy to hold you
+ As those of a vain regret;
+ Sad or bright, she is lifeless ever;
+ Cast her phantom arms away,
+ Nor look back, save to learn the lesson
+ Of a nobler strife TO-DAY.
+
+ 4. ARISE`! for the day is passing;
+ The sound that you scarcely hear,
+ Is the enemy marching to battle!
+(f.) _Rise_`! RISE`! for the foe is near!
+ Stay not to sharpen your weapons,
+ Or the hour will strike at last,
+ When, from dreams of a coming battle,
+ You may wake to find it past!
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What reasons are assigned why we should arouse to effort
+_now, to-day?_ 2. What rule for the falling inflection on _arise?_ See
+Rule VIII., page 33. 3. How, according to the notation mark, should the
+last verse be read?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LVII.
+
+ REV O LU' TION, change of government.
+ FAN' CI ED, thought; imagined,
+ UN GEN' ER OUS, mean; ignoble.
+ AC KNOWL' EDG ED, owned.
+ PLOT' TING, planning; contriving.
+ DE SIGN', purpose; intention.
+ COR RE SPOND' ENCE, intercourse by letters.
+ CON' QUEST, victory.
+ IN' TER VIEW, meeting; conference.
+ SOL' I TA RY, lonely; retired.
+ CON GRAT' U LA TING, rejoicing with.
+ IS' SU ED, started up; come forth.
+ SUS PECT' ING, mistrusting.
+ DE TECT' ED, exposed; found out.
+ A' MI A BLE, lovely; agreeable.
+ FEL' ON, criminal.
+ CON' SE QUENCE, (CON, _with_; SEQUENCE, _a following_,) a following
+ with, as an effect, or result.
+ IM PRESS' IVE, (IM, _in_; PRESS, _to bear upon_; IVE, _tending to_,)
+ tending to press in, or upon; producing an effect.
+ IN VOLV' ED, (IN, _in_; VOLVED, _rolled_,) rolled in; enveloped.
+
+
+THE CAPTURE OF MAJOR ANDRE.
+
+1. One of the saddest events in the history of the American Revolution
+is the _treason of Arnold_, and, in consequence of it, _the death of
+Major Andre_. Arnold was an officer in the American army, who, though
+brave, had a proud and impatient spirit.
+
+2. He fancied he had not all the honor and the pay due for his services,
+and, having plunged himself into debt by his expensive style of living,
+these things soured his heart; and, as is the case with ungenerous
+minds, he never acknowledged a fault, or forgave an injury. More than
+this, he sought revenge against his countrymen by plotting _treason
+against his country_.
+
+3. Soon after forming this bad design, he opened a secret correspondence
+with the English General, Henry Clinton, and, at the same time, asked
+General Washington to give him the command of West Point, an important
+post on the Hudson river. Washington let him have it, and this he
+determined to betray into the hands of the enemy, provided he could make
+out of it a good bargain for himself.
+
+4. He wrote to General Clinton what he would do, and asked to have a
+secret interview with some English officer, in order to agree upon the
+terms. General Clinton was delighted; for he thought an army divided
+against itself, must prove an easy conquest; and he asked Major Andre, a
+gallant young officer, to meet Arnold, and settle the price of his
+treason.
+
+5. Andre did not wish to engage in such business; but he obeyed, and
+went up the Hudson in an English sloop-of-war for this purpose. Arnold
+agreed to meet him at a certain spot, and when night came on, sent a
+little boat to bring him ashore. He landed at the foot of a mountain
+called the Long Clove, on the western side of the river, a few miles
+from Haverstraw, where he found the traitor hid in a clump of bushes.
+
+6. Little did poor Andre foresee the fatal consequences of this step.
+All that still star-light night they sat and talked; daylight came, and
+the business was not concluded. Arnold dismissed the boatmen, and led
+his companion to a solitary farm-house on the river's bank, where the
+papers were finally drawn up, and hid in one of Andre's stockings. Andre
+felt how exposed he was to danger in the enemy's country, and heartily
+wished himself back to the sloop.
+
+7. Forced now, however, to go by land, Arnold gave him a pass to go
+through the American lines; and, at sunset, he set off, on horseback,
+with a guide. They crossed the river, and, getting along on their
+dangerous journey with but few alarms, the guide left the next morning,
+and Andre rode briskly on, congratulating himself upon leaving all
+dangers behind, for he was rapidly nearing the English lines, when there
+was a loud shout, "_Stand!_ HALT!" and three men [Footnote: Paulding,
+Williams, and Van Wart.] issued from the woods, one seizing the bridle,
+and the others presenting their guns.
+
+8. Andre told them he had a pass to White Plains, on urgent business
+from General Arnold, and begged them not to detain him; but the men,
+suspecting that all was not right, began to search him; and, hauling off
+his boots, they discovered his papers in his stockings.
+
+9. Finding himself detected, he offered them any sum of money, if they
+would let him go. "No;" answered the sturdy men, "not if you would give
+us ten thousand guineas;" for, though poor, they were above selling
+their country at any price. Andre was sent a prisoner to General
+Washington's camp. Arnold, on learning the news of his capture,
+immediately fled from West Point, and made his escape to the English
+sloop.
+
+10. According to the rules of war, poor Andre was sentenced to the death
+of a spy. Great efforts were made to save him. General Clinton offered a
+large sum to redeem him. So young, so amiable, so gallant, and to meet a
+felon's doom! but, in ten days he was hung.
+
+11. Arnold lived; but, with the thirty thousand dollars--the price of
+his treachery--he lived a miserable man, despised even by those who
+bought him. And one impressive lesson which the story teaches, is, that
+_the consequences of guilt do not fall alone on the guilty man;_ others
+are often involved in distress, disgrace, and ruin.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What is one of the saddest events in the history of the
+American Revolution? 2. Who was Arnold? 3. What reason is assigned why
+he plotted treason against his country? 4. What measures did he adopt to
+do this? 5. With whom, and where did he make the agreement? 6. By whom
+was Andre detected? 7. What became of Andre and Arnold?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LVIII.
+
+ SE CUR' ED, obtained.
+ HES' I TA TED, paused.
+ MIS' ER A BLE, wretched.
+ SUP' PLI ANT, petitioner; beggar.
+ PECUL' IAR, singular; remarkable.
+ IN DIC' A TIVE, showing; intimating.
+ SO LIC' IT ED, asked; requested.
+ COS TUME', mode of dress.
+ VIG' OR OUS, stout; strong.
+ SYN' O NYM, a word meaning the same as some other word.
+ IN' FA MY, utter disgrace.
+
+[Headnote 1: TAL' LEY RAND, a distinguished French statesman, was born
+Feb. 13th, 1754. He died May 20th, 1838.]
+
+
+BENEDICT ARNOLD.
+
+1. There was a day when Talleyrand [Headnote 1] arrived in Havre, direct
+from Paris. It was the darkest hour of the French Revolution. Pursued by
+the blood-hounds of the Reign of Terror, stripped of every wreck of
+property or power, Talleyrand secured a passage to America, in a ship
+about to sail. He was a beggar and a wanderer in a strange land, to earn
+his bread by daily labor.
+
+2. "Is there an American staying at your house?" he asked the landlord
+of the hotel. "I am bound to cross the water, and should like a letter
+to a person of influence in the New World." The landlord hesitated a
+moment, then replied: "There is a gentleman up-stairs, either from
+America or Britain; but whether an American or an Englishman, I can not
+tell."
+
+3. He pointed the way, and Talleyrand, who, in his life, was Bishop,
+Prince, and Prime Minister, ascended the stairs. A miserable suppliant,
+he stood before the stranger's door, knocked, and entered. In the far
+corner of the dimly-lighted room, sat a man of some fifty years, his
+arms folded, and his head bowed on his breast. From a window directly
+opposite, a faint light rested on his forehead.
+
+4. His eyes looked from beneath the downcast brows, and gazed on
+Talleyrand's face with a peculiar and searching expression. His face was
+striking in outline,--the mouth and chin indicative of an iron will. His
+form, vigorous, even with the snows of fifty winters, was clad in a
+dark, but rich and distinguished costume.
+
+5. Talleyrand advanced, stated that he was a fugitive; and, under the
+impression that the gentleman before him was an American, he solicited
+his kind and generous offices. He related his history in eloquent French
+and broken English.
+
+6. "I am a wanderer, and an exile. I am forced to flee to the New World,
+without a friend or home. You are an American! Give me, then, I beseech
+you, a letter of yours, so that I may be able to earn my bread. I am
+willing to toil in any manner; the scenes of Paris have seized me with
+such horror, that a life of labor would be a paradise to a career of
+luxury in France. You will give me a letter to one of your friends? A
+gentleman like yourself has, doubtless, many friends."
+
+7. The strange gentleman rose. With a look that Talleyrand never forgot,
+he retreated to the door of the next chamber,--his eyes looking still
+from beneath his darkened brow. He spoke as he retreated backward,--his
+voice was full of meaning. "I am the only man born in the New World, who
+can raise his hand to God and say, I have not a friend, not one, in all
+America!" Talleyrand never forgot the overwhelming sadness of that look
+which accompanied these words.
+
+8. "Who are you?" he cried, as the strange man retreated to the next
+room: "your name?" "My name," he replied, with a smile that had more of
+mockery than joy in its convulsive expression,--"my name is Benedict
+Arnold!" He was gone: Talleyrand sank into his chair, gasping the words,
+"ARNOLD, THE TRAITOR!"
+
+9. Thus, you see, he wandered over the earth another Cain, with the
+wanderer's mark upon his brow. Even in that secluded room, in that inn
+at Havre, his crimes found him out, and forced him to tell his name:
+that name the synonym of infamy. The last twenty years of his life are
+covered with a cloud, from whose darkness but a few gleams of light
+flash out upon the page of history.
+
+10. The manner of his death is not exactly known; but we can not doubt
+that he died utterly friendless,--that remorse pursued him to the grave,
+whispering "John Andre" in his ear,--and that the memory of his course
+of infamy gnawed like a canker at his heart, murmuring forever, "True to
+your country, what might you have been, O ARNOLD, THE TRAITOR!"
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Who was Talleyrand? 2. Why was he obliged to flee from
+Paris? 3. Whom did he seek at Havre? 4. Why did he wish to see the
+stranger? 5. Describe the appearance of this stranger. 6. What did he
+say to Talleyrand? 7. Who did the stranger prove to be? 8. What is said
+of Arnold? 9. Where is Havre? 10. Where is Paris? 11. What is meant by
+_New World_?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LIX.
+
+ LO CO MO' TIVE, steam-engine to propel rail-cars.
+ COL LIS' ION, (_s_ like _zh_,) shock; violent contact.
+ EN GIN EER', one who manages an engine.
+ PRE CIP' I TA TED, thrown headlong.
+ RE-EN FORCE' MENTS, additional forces.
+ OB' STI NATE, unyielding.
+ CORPS, (_kore_,) body of troops.
+ BANK' RUPT CY, insolvency.
+ E NOR' MOUS, immense; very large.
+ AS' SETS, amounts due.
+ RE MIT' TANCE, money remitted.
+ PRE SERV' ED, secured; saved.
+ MA TU' RI TY, time of payment.
+ RE PRIEVE', respite.
+ IN SOLV' ENT, one unable to pay his debts.
+ PROV O CA' TION, incitement to anger.
+ IG NO MIN' I OUS, disgraceful.
+ SAC RI FIC' ED, (_c_ like _z_,) thrown away.
+
+
+BEHIND TIME.
+
+FREEMAN HUNT.
+
+1. A railroad train was rushing along at almost lightning speed. A curve
+was just ahead, beyond which was a station, at which the cars usually
+passed each other. The conductor was late,--so late that the period
+during which the down train was to wait, had nearly elapsed: but he
+hoped yet to pass the curve safely. Suddenly, a locomotive dashed into
+sight right ahead. In an instant, there was a collision. A shriek, a
+shock, and fifty souls were in eternity; and all because an engineer had
+been _behind time_.
+
+2. A great battle was going on. Column after column had been
+precipitated for eight mortal hours on the enemy posted along the ridge
+of a hill. The summer sun was sinking to the west; re-enforcements for
+the obstinate defenders were already in sight; it was necessary to carry
+the position with one final charge, or every thing would be lost. A
+powerful corps had been summoned from across the country, and, if it
+came up in season, all would yet be right. The great conqueror,
+confident in its arrival, formed his reserve into an attacking column,
+and led them down the hill. The whole world knows the result. Grouchy
+[Footnote: Pronounced _Groo' shee_.] failed to appear; the imperial
+guard was beaten back; Waterloo was lost. Napoleon died a prisoner at
+St. Helena, because one of his marshals was _behind time_.
+
+3. A leading firm, in commercial circles had long struggled against
+bankruptcy. As it had enormous assets in California, it expected
+remittances by a certain day; and if the sums promised arrived, its
+credit, its honor, and its future prosperity would be preserved. But
+week after week elapsed without bringing the gold. At last, came the
+fatal day on which the firm had bills maturing to enormous amounts. The
+steamer was telegraphed at daybreak; but it was found on inquiry that
+she brought no funds; and the house failed. The next arrival brought
+nearly half a million to the insolvents, but it was too late; they were
+ruined, because their agent, in remitting, had been _behind time_.
+
+4. A condemned man was led out for execution, he had taken human life,
+but under circumstances of the greatest provocation, and public sympathy
+was active in his behalf. Thousands had signed petitions for a reprieve,
+a favorable answer had been expected the night before, and, though it
+had not come, even the sheriff felt confident that it would yet arrive
+in season. Thus the morning passed without the appearance of the
+messenger. The last moment was up. The prisoner took his place on the
+drop, the cap was drawn over his eyes, the bolt was drawn, and a
+lifeless body hung suspended in the air. Just at that moment a horseman
+came into sight, galloping down the hill, his steed covered with foam.
+He carried a packet in his right hand, which he waved to the crowd. He
+was the express rider with the reprieve. But he had come too late. A
+comparatively innocent man had died an ignominious death, because a
+watch had been five minutes too slow, making its bearer arrive _behind
+time_.
+
+5. It is continually so in life. The best laid plans, the most important
+affairs, the fortunes of individuals, the wealth of nations, honor,
+happiness, life itself, are daily sacrificed because somebody is "behind
+time." There are men who always fail in whatever they undertake, simply
+because they are "behind time." Five minutes in a crisis are worth
+years. It is but a little period, yet it has often saved a fortune, or
+redeemed a people. If there is one virtue that should be cultivated more
+than another by him who would succeed in life, it is _punctuality_; if
+there is one error that should be avoided, it is being _behind time_.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What sad results are mentioned, in consequence of being
+_behind time?_ 2. What virtue should be cultivated, and what error
+avoided? 3. What is the use of the hyphen in the word _re-enforcements?_
+See SANDERS' NEW SPELLER, page 165.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LX.
+
+ TWIN' ED, interwoven.
+ GAR' LAND, wreath of flowers.
+ MUS' ED, thought; meditated.
+ AN TIQUE', (_an teek'_,) ancient.
+ MOLD, shape; form.
+ RARE, scarce; seldom seen.
+ SOOTH ED, calmed; quieted.
+ THROB' BED, beat; palpitated.
+ CO' ZY, snug; comfortable.
+ EBB' ED, flowed back.
+ JOUR' NEY, travel.
+ LONG' ING, earnestly desiring.
+ TIE, bond of affection.
+ RIV' EN, torn asunder.
+
+
+"HOW HAPPY I'LL BE."
+
+1. A little girl sat amid the flowers,
+ In the blush and bloom of childhood's hours;
+ She twined the buds in a garland fair,
+ And bound them up in her shining hair:
+ "Ah, me!" said she, "_how happy I'll be_,
+ When ten years more have gone over me,
+ And I am a maiden with youth's bright glow
+ Flushing my cheek, and lighting my brow!"
+
+2. A maiden mused in a pleasant room,
+ Where the air was filled with a soft perfume;
+ Vases were near of antique mold,
+ And beautiful pictures, rare and old;
+ And she, amid all the beauty there,
+ Was by far the loveliest and most fair.
+ "Ah, me!" said she, "_how happy I'll be_,
+ When my heart's own choice comes back to me,
+ When I proudly stand by my dear one's side,
+ With the thrilling joy of a youthful bride!"
+
+3. A mother bent o'er the cradle nest
+ Where she soothed her babe to his smiling rest;
+ She watched the sleep of her cherub-boy,
+ And her spirit throbbed with exulting joy.
+ "Ah, me!" said she, "_how happy I'll be_,
+ When he reaches manhood, proud and free,
+ And the world bows down, in its rapture wild,
+ It the earnest words of my darling child!"
+
+4. An aged one sat by the cozy hearth,
+ Counting life's sands as they ebbed from earth;
+ Feeble and frail; the race she run
+ Had borne her along to the setting sun.
+ "Ah, me!" said she, "_how happy I'll be_,
+ When from time's long fever my soul is free,
+ When the world fades out with its weary strife,
+ And I soar away to a better life!"
+
+5. 'Tis thus we journey from youth to age,
+ Longing to turn to another page,
+ Striving to hasten the years away,
+ Lighting our hearts with the future's ray,
+ Hoping on earth till its visions fade,
+ Wishing and waiting, through sun and shade,
+ But turning, when earth's last tie is riven,
+ To the beautiful rest of a fadeless Heaven.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. When did the little girl think she would be happy? 2.
+What did she say when she became old? 3. What are we constantly
+expecting from youth to age? 4. What is the meaning of the suffix _ing_,
+in such words as _longing, striving, lighting_, &c.? See SANDERS &
+McELLIGOTT'S ANALYSIS, page 134, Ex. 176.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXI.
+
+ VET' ER AN, old soldier.
+ GRASP' ED, seized hold of.
+ AN' CIENT, old.
+ MUR' MUR, ED, uttered in a low voice.
+ IM MOR' TAL, imperishable.
+ RAG' ED, was furious.
+ RE MAIN', still exists.
+ SIRE, father.
+ LIGHT' EN ED, (EN, _make_; ED, _did_,) did make light.
+
+
+THE SWORD OF BUNKER HILL.
+
+WILLIAM R. WALLACE.
+
+1. He lay upon his dying bed,
+(pl.) His eye was growing dim,
+ When, with a feeble voice, he called
+ His weeping son to him:
+ "Weep not, my boy," the veteran said,
+ "I bow to Heaven's high will;
+ But quickly from yon antlers bring,
+ The sword of Bunker Hill."
+
+2. The sword was brought; the soldier's eye
+ Lit with a sudden flame;
+ And, as he grasped the ancient blade,
+ He murmured Warren's[1] name;
+ Then said, "My boy, I leave you gold,
+ But what is richer still,
+ I leave you, mark me, mark me, now,
+ The sword of Bunker Hill.
+
+3. "'Twas on that dread, immortal day,
+ I dared the Briton's band,
+ A captain raised his blade on me,
+ I tore it from his hand;
+ And while the glorious battle raged,
+ It lightened Freedom's will;
+ For, boy, the God of Freedom blessed
+ The sword of Bunker Hill.
+
+4. "Oh! keep this sword," his accents broke,--
+ A smile--and he was dead;
+ But his wrinkled hand still grasped the blade,
+ Upon that dying bed.
+ The son remains, the sword remains,
+ Its glory growing still,
+ And twenty millions bless the sire
+ And sword of Bunker Hill.
+
+[Footnote 1: General Warren, a brave and valuable officer, fell by a
+musket-ball, while fighting the British at Bunker's Hill, June 17th,
+1775.]
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What request did the old veteran make of his son? 2. What
+bequest did he make to him? 3. How did he obtain that sword? 4. What did
+he say to his son? 5. Who was Warren?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXII.
+
+ LE' GEND, fictitious narrative.
+ MOR' TAL, deadly.
+ COM' BAT, battle; conflict.
+ PRI ME' VAL, first; primitive.
+ MUS' CU LAR, strong; vigorous.
+ CA DAV' ER OUS, pale; sickly.
+ REF U GEE', runaway; fugitive.
+ QUAR' TER, mercy; indulgence.
+ PIN' ION ED, confined; shackled.
+ A BYSS', yawning gulf.
+ PRO POS' AL, offer; proposition.
+ DI SHEV' EL ED, disordered.
+ IM BO' SOM ED, surrounded; inclosed.
+ CON FESS' ED, owned; acknowledged.
+ RE LENT' ING, pitying; compassionate.
+ RAN' DOM, venture.
+ SU PER STI' TION, false religious belief.
+ A VENGE', take satisfaction for.
+ UN CON' SCIOUS, unaware.
+ SUB LIM' I TY, grandeur.
+
+
+THE BIBLE LEGEND OF THE WIS SA HI' KON.
+
+LIPPARD.
+
+1. It was here in the wilds of the Wis sa hi' kon, on the day of battle,
+as the noonday sun came shining through the thickly clustered leaves,
+that two men met in mortal combat. They grappled in deadly conflict near
+a rock that rose, like the huge wreck of some primeval world, at least
+one hundred feet above the dark waters of the Wis sa hi'kon.
+
+2. That man with the dark brow and the darker gray eye,--with the
+muscular form, clad in the blue hunting-frock of the Revolution,--is a
+Continental, named Warner. His brother was murdered at the massacre of
+Pao'li. That _other_ man, with long black hair drooping along his
+cadaverous face, is clad in the half-military costume of a Tory refugee.
+_That_ is the murderer of Pao'li, named Dabney.
+
+3. They had met there in the woods by accident; and now they fought, not
+with sword or rifle, but with long and deadly hunting-knives, that flash
+in the light as they go turning, and twining, and twisting over the
+green-sward. At last, the Tory is down!--down on the green-sward, with
+the knee of the Continental upon his breast,--that up-raised knife
+quivering in the light,--that dark-gray eye flashing death into his
+face!
+
+4. "Quarter! I yield!" gasped the Tory, as the knee was pressed upon his
+breast. "Spare me!--I yield!"
+
+5. "_My_ brother," said the patriot soldier, in a low tone of deadly
+hate,--"_My_ brother cried for quarter on the night of Pa o' li, and,
+even as he clung to your knees, you struck that knife into his heart.
+Oh, I will give you the quarter of Pa o' li!" And his hand was raised
+for the blow, and his teeth were clinched in deadly hate. He paused for
+a moment, and then pinioned the Tory's arms, and, with one rapid stride,
+dragged him to the verge of the rock, and held him quivering over the
+abyss.
+
+6. "Mercy!" gasped the Tory, turning black and ashy by turns, as that
+awful gulf yawned below. "_Mercy! I have a wife! a child! spare me!_"
+
+7. Then the Continental, with his muscular strength gathered for the
+effort, shook the murderer once more over the abyss, and then hissed
+this bitter sneer between his teeth,--"_My brother had a wife and two
+children_. The morning after the night of Pa o' li, that wife was a
+widow,--those children were orphans! Would not you like to go and beg
+your life of that widow and her children?"
+
+8. The proposal, made by the Continental in the mere mockery of hate,
+was taken in serious earnest by the horror-stricken Tory. He begged to
+be taken to the widow and her children, to have the pitiful privilege of
+begging his life. After a moment's serious thought, the patriot soldier
+consented. He bound the Tory's arms yet tighter, placed him on the rock
+again, and then led him up the woods. A quiet cottage, imbosomed among
+the trees, broke on their eyes.
+
+9. They entered that cottage. There, beside the desolate hearth-stone,
+sat the widow and her children. She was a matronly woman of about thirty
+years, with a face faded by care, a deep, dark eye, and long, disheveled
+hair about her shoulder. On one side was a dark-haired boy, of some six
+years; on the other, a little girl, one year younger, with light hair
+and blue eyes. The Bible, an old, venerable volume, lay open on that
+mother's lap.
+
+10. And then that pale-faced Tory flung himself on his knees, confessed
+that he had butchered her husband on the night of Pa o'li, but begged
+his life at her hands! _"Spare me, for the sake of my wife--my child!"_
+He had expected that his pitiful moan would touch the widow's heart; but
+not one relenting gleam softened her pale face.
+
+11. "The Lord shall judge between us!" she said in a cold, icy tone,
+that froze the murderer's heart. "Look! The Bible lies open before me. I
+will close that volume, and then this boy shall open it, and place his
+finger at random upon a line, and by _that line_ you shall live or die!"
+This was a strange proposal, made in full faith of a wild and dark
+superstition of the olden time. For a moment, the Tory, kneeling there,
+livid as ashes, was wrapt in thought. Then, in a faltering voice, he
+signified his consent.
+
+12. Raising her dark eyes to heaven, the mother prayed the Great Father
+to direct the finger of her son. She closed the book, and handed it to
+that boy, whose young cheek reddened with loathing as he gazed upon his
+father's murderer. He took the Bible, opened its holy pages at random,
+and placed his fingers upon a verse.
+
+13. Then there was a silence. That Continental soldier, who had sworn to
+avenge his brother's death, stood there with dilating eyes and parted
+lips. Then the culprit, kneeling on the floor, with a face like
+discolored clay, felt his heart leap to his throat. Then, in a clear,
+bold voice, the widow read this line from the Old Testament. It was
+short, yet terrible: "_That man shall die!_"
+
+14. Look! The brother springs forward to plunge a knife into the
+murderer's heart; but the Tory, pinioned as he is, begs that one more
+trial may be made by the little girl,--that child of five years, with
+golden hair and laughing eyes. The widow consents. There is an awful
+pause. With a smile in her eye, without knowing what she does, the
+little girl opens the Bible,--she turns her laughing face away,--she
+places her fingers upon the page.
+
+15. That awful silence grows deeper. The deep-drawn breath of the
+brother, and the broken gasps of the murderer, alone disturb the
+stillness. The widow and dark-eyed boy are breathless. That little girl,
+unconscious as she was, caught a feeling of awe from the countenances
+around her, and stood breathless, her face turned aside, and her tiny
+fingers resting on that line of life or death. At last, gathering
+courage, the widow bent her eyes on the page, and read. It was a line
+from the New Testament: "LOVE YOUR ENEMIES." Ah! that moment was
+sublime!
+
+16. Oh, awful Book of God! in whose dread pages we see Job talking face
+to face with Jehovah, or Jesus waiting by Samaria's well, or wandering
+by the waves of dark Galilee! Oh, awful Book! shining to-night, as I
+speak, the light of that widow's home,--the glory of the mechanic's
+shop,--shining where the world comes not, to look on the last night of
+the convict in his cell, lightening the way to God, even over that dread
+gibbet!
+
+17. Oh, Book of terrible majesty and child-like love,--for sublimity
+that crushes the soul into awe,--of beauty that melts the heart with
+rapture! you never shone more strangely beautiful than there in the
+lonely cot of the Wissa hi'kon, where you saved the murderer's life.
+For,--need I tell you?--_that murderer's life was saved_. That widow
+recognized the finger of God, and even the stern brother was awed into
+silence. The murderer went his way.
+
+18. Now look ye, how wonderful are the ways of Heaven! That very night,
+as the widow sat by her lonely hearth, her orphans by her side,--sat
+there with a crushed heart and hot eye-balls, thinking of her husband,
+who, she supposed, now lay moldering on the blood-drenched soil of Pa o'
+li,--there was a tap at the door. She opened it, and that husband,
+living, though covered with wounds, was in her arms! He had fallen at Pa
+o' li, but not in death. _He was alive_,--his wife lay panting on his
+breast. That night there was a prayer in that wood-embowered cot of the
+Wis sa hi' kon.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What two men are said to have engaged in deadly combat?
+2. Which gained the mastery? 3. What did the patriot soldier say to the
+Tory, when he cried, _Quarter_? 4. What, when the Tory told him he had a
+wife and child? 5. What proposal was made to him? 6. How was his fate to
+be decided? 7. Was his life spared? 8. What proved the justice of the
+decision?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXIII.
+
+ VES' TI BULE, porch, entrance.
+ VI' BRATE, move to and fro.
+ IM MOR' TALS, undying creatures.
+ MON' U MENTS, memorials.
+ A CHIEVE', accomplish.
+ MU TA BLE, changeable.
+ IM MOR TAL' I TY, deathless existence.
+ IL LU' MIN ATE, enlighten.
+ UN DER STAND' ING, intellect.
+ RE AL' I TIES, truths; facts.
+ AS SAULTS', violent attacks.
+ DE SER' TION, abandonment.
+ IN EX HAUST' I BLE, never-failing.
+ CHAR' TER, title; deed.
+
+
+ADVICE TO THE YOUNG.
+
+E.H. CHAPIN.
+
+1. Young friends', in whatever pursuits you may engage, you must not
+forget that the lawful objects of human efforts, are but means to higher
+results and nobler ends. Start not forward in life with the idea of
+becoming mere seekers of pleasure,--sportive butterflies searching for
+gaudy flowers. Consider and act with reference to the true ends of
+existence.
+
+2. This world is but the vestibule of an immortal life. Every action of
+your life touches on some chord that will vibrate in eternity. These
+thoughts and motives within you, stir the pulses of a deathless spirit.
+Act not, then, as mere creatures of this life, who, for a little while,
+are to walk the valleys and the hills, to enjoy the sunshine and to
+breathe the air, and then pass away and be no more; but _act_ as
+immortals, with an _aim_ and a _purpose_ worthy of your high nature.
+
+3. Set before you, as the chief object to be obtained, an _end_ that is
+superior to any on earth,--_a desirable end_, A PERFECT END. Labor to
+accomplish a work which shall survive unchanged and beautiful, when time
+shall have withered the garland of youth, when thrones of power and
+monuments of art shall have crumbled into ashes; and, finally, aim to
+achieve something, which, when these our mutable and perishing voices
+are hushed forever, shall live amid the songs and triumphs of
+IMMORTALITY.
+
+4. Well will it be for you, if you have a _guide_ within, which will aid
+you in every issue which will arm you in every temptation, and comfort
+you in every sorrow. Consult, then, that Volume whose precepts will
+never fail you. Consult it with a deep aspiration after the true and
+good, and it shall illuminate your understanding with divine realities.
+
+5. Open your soul, and it shall breathe into it a holy influence, and
+fill all its wants. Bind it close to your heart; it will be a shield
+against all the assaults of evil. Read it in the lonely hour of
+desertion; it will be the best of companions. Open it when the voyage of
+life is troubled'; it is a sure chart. Study it in poverty'; it will
+unhoard to you inexhaustible riches. Commune with it in sickness'; it
+contains the medicine of the soul. Clasp it when dying'; IT IS THE
+CHARTER OF IMMORTALITY.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What ought we not to forget? 2. How ought the world to be
+regarded? 3. How ought we to act and labor? 4. What ought we to consult?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXIV.
+
+ IN TREP' ID, brave; heroic.
+ BE TO' KEN ED, showed; indicated.
+ E LAS' TIC, springy; agile.
+ AT' TI TUDE, posture; position.
+ UN' DER GROWTH, shrubbery.
+ CON FRONT', stand before.
+ CA TAS' TRO PHE, disaster; calamity.
+ DE TER' RED, hindered; prevented.
+ HUR' RI CANE, violent tempest.
+ BUF' FET ING, beating with the hands.
+ ATH LET' IC, strong; powerful.
+ MI RAC' U LOUS, wonderful.
+ TRE MEN DOUS, terrible; frightful.
+ DES' PE RATE, rash; furious.
+ IN VOL' UN TA RY, spontaneous.
+ CAT' A RACT, waterfall.
+ RE SUS' CI TATE, revive; bring to life.
+ CH AR' AC TER IZ ED, distinguished.
+
+
+THE INTREPID YOUTH.
+
+1. It was a calm, sunny day in the year 1750; the scene, a piece of
+forest land in the north of Virginia, near a noble stream of water.
+Implements of surveying were lying about, and several men reclining
+under the trees, betokened, by their dress and appearance, that they
+composed a party engaged in laying out the wild lands of the country.
+
+2. These persons had apparently just finished their dinner. Apart from
+the group, walked a young man of a tall and compact frame, and moved
+with the elastic tread of one accustomed to constant exercise in the
+open air. His countenance wore a look of decision and manliness not
+usually found in one so young, for he was apparently little over
+eighteen years of age. His hat had been cast off, as if for comfort, and
+he had paused, with one foot advanced, in a graceful and natural
+attitude.
+
+3. Suddenly there was a shriek, then another, and several in rapid
+succession. The voice was that of a woman, and seemed to proceed from
+the other side of a dense thicket. At the first scream, the youth turned
+his head in the direction of the sound; but when it was repeated, he
+pushed aside the undergrowth which separated him from it, and,
+quickening his footsteps, as the cries succeeded each other in alarming
+rapidity, he soon dashed into an open space on the banks of the stream,
+where stood a rude log-cabin.
+
+4. As the young man broke from the undergrowth, he saw his companions
+crowded together on the banks of the river, while in the midst stood the
+woman, from whom proceeded the shrieks, held back by two of the men, but
+struggling vigorously for freedom. It was but the work of a moment for
+the young man to make his way through the crowd and confront the female.
+The instant her eye fell on him, she exclaimed, "Oh! sir, you will do
+something for me. Make them release me,--for the love of God! _My
+boy,--my poor boy is drowning, and they will not let me go!"_ "It would
+be madness; she will jump into the river," said one, "and the rapids
+would dash her to pieces in a moment!"
+
+5. The youth had scarcely waited for these words, for he recollected the
+child, a bold little boy of four years old, whose beautiful blue eyes
+and flaxen ringlets made him a favorite with all who knew him. He had
+been accustomed to play in the little inclosure before the cabin, but
+the gate having been left open, he had stolen incautiously out, reached
+the edge of the bank, and was in the act of looking over, when his
+mother saw him.
+
+6. The shriek she uttered only hastened the catastrophe she feared; for
+the child, frightened at the cry of its mother, lost its balance, and
+fell into the stream, which here went foaming and roaring along amid
+innumerable rocks, constituting the most dangerous rapids known in that
+section of the country. Scream now followed scream in rapid succession,
+as the agonized mother rushed to the bank.
+
+7. The party we left reclining in the shade within a few steps of the
+accident, were immediately on the spot. Fortunate it was that they were
+so near, else the mother would have jumped in after her child, and both
+been lost. Several of the men approached the brink, and were on the
+point of springing in after the child, when the sight of the sharp rocks
+crowding the channel, the rush and whirl of the waters, and the want of
+any knowledge where to look for the boy, deterred them, and they gave up
+the enterprise.
+
+8. Not so with the noble youth. His first work was to throw off his
+coat; next to spring to the edge of the bank. Here he stood for a
+moment, running his eyes rapidly over the scene below, taking with a
+glance the different currents and the most dangerous of the rocks, in
+order to shape his course when in the stream. He had scarcely formed his
+conclusion, when he saw in the water a white object, which he knew to be
+the boy's dress, and he plunged into the wild and roaring rapids.
+
+9. _"Thank God, he will save my child,"_ cried the mother; _"there he
+is!--oh! my boy, my darling boy, how could I leave you!"_ Every one had
+rushed to the brink of the precipice, and was now following with eager
+eyes the progress of the youth, as the current bore him onward, like a
+feather in the embrace of the hurricane. Now it seemed as if he would be
+dashed against a jutting rock, over which the water flew in foam, and a
+whirlpool would drag him in, from whose grasp escape would appear
+impossible.
+
+10. At times, the current bore him under, and he would be lost to sight;
+then, just as the spectators gave him up, he would appear, though far
+from where he vanished, still buffeting amid the vortex. Oh, how that
+mother's straining eyes followed him in his perilous career! how her
+heart sunk when he went under,--and with what a gush of joy when she saw
+him emerge again from the waters, and, flinging the waves aside with his
+athletic arms, struggle on in pursuit of her boy!
+
+11. But it seemed as if his generous efforts were not to avail; for,
+though the current was bearing off the boy before his eyes, scarcely ten
+feet distant, he could not, despite his gigantic efforts, overtake the
+drowning child. On flew the youth and child; and it was miraculous how
+each escaped being dashed in pieces against the rocks. Twice the boy
+went out of sight, and a suppressed shriek escaped the mother's lips;
+but twice he reappeared, and then, with hands wrung wildly together, and
+breathless anxiety, she followed his progress, as his unresisting form
+was hurried with the onward current.
+
+12. The youth now appeared to redouble his exertions, for they were
+approaching the most dangerous part of the river, where the rapids,
+contracting between the narrow shores, shot almost perpendicularly down
+a declivity of fifteen feet. The rush of the waters at this spot was
+tremendous, and no one ventured to approach its vicinity, even in a
+canoe, lest he should be dashed in pieces. What, then, would be the
+youth's fate, unless he soon overtook the child? He seemed fully
+sensible of the increasing peril, and now urged his way through the
+foaming current with a desperate strength.
+
+13. Three times he was on the point of grasping the child, when the
+waters whirled the prize from him. The third effort was made just as
+they were entering within the influence of the current above the fall;
+and when it failed, the mother's heart sunk within her, and she groaned,
+fully expecting the youth to give up his task. But no; he only pressed
+forward the more eagerly; and, as they breathlessly watched amid the
+boiling waters, they saw the form of the brave youth following close
+after that of the boy.
+
+14. And now, like an arrow from the bow, pursuer and pursued shot to the
+brink of the precipice. An instant they hung there, distinctly visible
+amid the foaming waters. Every brain grew dizzy at the sight. But a
+shout of involuntary exultation burst from the spectators, when they saw
+the boy held aloft by the right arm of the youth,--a shout that was
+suddenly checked with horror, when they both vanished into the abyss
+below!
+
+15. A moment elapsed before a word was spoken, or a breath drawn. The
+mother ran forward, and then stood gazing with fixed eyes at the foot of
+the cataract, as if her all depended upon what the next moment should
+reveal. Suddenly she gave the glad cry, (_f_.) "_There they are! See!
+they are safe!_--Great God, I thank thee!" And, sure enough, there was
+the youth still unharmed, and still buffeting the waters. He had just
+emerged from the boiling vortex below the cataract. With one hand he
+held aloft the child, and with the other he was making for the shore.
+
+16. They ran, they shouted, they scarcely knew what they did, until they
+reached his side, just as he was struggling to the bank. They drew him
+out almost exhausted. The boy was senseless; but his mother declared
+that he still lived, as she pressed him frantically to her bosom. The
+youth could scarcely stand, so faint was he from his exertions.
+
+17. Who can describe the scene that followed,--the mother's calmness
+while she strove to resuscitate her boy, and her wild gratitude to his
+preserver, when the child was out of danger, and sweetly sleeping in her
+arms? Our pen shrinks at the task. But her words, pronounced then, were
+remembered afterwards by more than one who heard them.
+
+18. "_God will reward you_," said she, "as _I_ can not. He will do great
+things for you in return for this day's work, and the blessings of
+thousands besides mine will attend you." And so it was; for, to the
+_hero_ of that hour, were subsequently confided the destinies of a
+mighty nation. But, throughout his long career, what tended to make him
+more honored and respected beyond all men, was the _self-sacrificing
+spirit_, which, in the rescue of that mother's child, as in the more
+august events of his life, characterized OUR BELOVED WASHINGTON.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Describe the scene where this accident took place. 2.
+What did the woman say to the young man? 3. Why would not the men
+release the woman? 4. What did the young man do? 5. Did he finally
+succeed in saving the child? 6. What did the mother say to him? 7. Who
+did this youth prove to be?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXV.
+
+ RAB' BI, teacher or doctor.
+ HEA' THEN, pagan; gentile.
+ BOUND' A RIES, limits.
+ WAN' DER ED, strayed.
+ SUB MIS' SIVE, resigned; humble.
+ PIL' GRIM, wanderer.
+ RE PEL' LED, drove off.
+ IN HOS' PI TA BLE, unkind to strangers.
+ MAN' TLE, garment, cloak.
+ CON SOL' ING, comforting.
+ RE POS' ING, lying down; resting.
+ CA LAM' I TY, misfortune.
+ POUN' CED, fell or jumped suddenly.
+ IM PLOR' ING, begging; entreating.
+ DE SPOIL' ED, robbed.
+ CHURL' ISH, surly; rude.
+
+
+THE FOUR MISFORTUNES.
+
+JOHN G. SANE.
+
+ 1. A pious Rabbi, forced by heathen hate,
+ To quit the boundaries of his native land,
+ Wandered abroad, submissive to his fate,
+ Through pathless woods and wastes of burning sand.
+
+ 2. A patient ass, to bear him in his flight,
+ A dog, to guard him from the robber's stealth,
+ A lamp, by which to read the law at night,--
+ Was all the pilgrim's store of worldly wealth.
+
+ 3. At set of sun he reached a little town,
+ And asked for shelter and a crumb of food;
+ But every face repelled him with a frown,
+ And so he sought a lodging in the wood.
+
+ 4. "'Tis very hard," the weary traveler said,
+ "And most inhospitable, I protest,
+ To send me fasting to this forest bed;
+ But God is good, and means it for the best!"
+
+ 5. He lit his lamp to read the sacred law,
+ Before he spread his mantle for the night;
+ But the wind rising with a sudden flaw,
+ He read no more,--the gust put out the light.
+
+ 6. "'Tis strange," he said, "'tis very strange, indeed,
+ That ere I lay me down to take my rest,
+ A chapter of the law I may not read,--
+ But God is good, and all is for the best!"
+
+ 7. With these consoling words the Rabbi tries
+ To sleep,--his head reposing on a log,--
+ But, ere he fairly shut his drowsy eyes,
+ A wolf came up and killed his faithful dog.
+
+ 8. "What new calamity is this?" he cried;
+ "My honest dog--a friend who stood the test
+ When others failed--lies murdered at my side!
+ Well,--God is good, and means it for the best."
+
+ 9. Scarce had the Rabbi spoken, when, alas!--
+ As if, at once, to crown his wretched lot,
+ A hungry lion pounced upon the ass,
+ And killed the faithful donkey on the spot.
+
+10. "Alas!--alas!" the weeping Rabbi said,
+ "Misfortune haunts me like a hateful guest;
+ My dog is gone, and now my ass is dead,--
+ Well, God is good, and all is for the best!"
+
+11. At dawn of day, imploring heavenly grace,
+ Once more he sought the town, but all in vain;
+ A band of robbers had despoiled the place,
+ And all the churlish citizens were slain.
+
+12. "Now God be praised!" the grateful Rabbi cried,
+ "If I had tarried in the town to rest,
+ I too, with these poor villagers had died,--
+ Sure, God is good, and all is for the best!"
+
+13. "Had not the saucy wind put out my lamp,
+ By which the sacred law I would have read,
+ The light had shown the robbers to my camp,
+ And here the villains would have left me dead.
+
+14. "Had not my faithful animals been slain,
+ Their noise, no doubt, had drawn the robbers near,
+ And so their master, it is very plain,
+ Instead of them, had fallen murdered here.
+
+15. "Full well I see that this hath happened so
+ To put my faith and patience to the test;
+ Thanks to His name! for now I surely know
+ That God is good, and all is for the best!"
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXVI.
+
+ FU TU' RI TY, events to come.
+ CON SULT', counsel with.
+ PRE TEN' SIONS, claims; assumptions.
+ FOR' TI TUDE, patience; endurance.
+ MOD' EL, pattern; example.
+ RES IG NA' TION, submissiveness.
+ O VER WHELMS', overcomes.
+ IN GRAT' I TUDE, unthankfulness.
+ VAG' A BOND, vagrant; worthless.
+ IM' PU DENCE, sauciness.
+ DES' TI NY, fate; final lot.
+ DE CEAS' ED, dead.
+ DE PRIV' ED, robbed.
+ IN CUR' RED, brought on; caused.
+ CON SUL TA' TIONS, couselings.
+ CAL CU LA' TIONS, reckonings.
+ PRE TER NAT' U RAL, (PRETER, _beyond_;) beyond what is natural;
+ miraculous.
+ IN VOLV' ED, (IN, _in_; VOLVED, _rolled_;) rolled in; enveloped.
+ IN TER RUPT', (INTER, _in, between_; RUPT, _to break_;) break in
+ between; stop; hinder.
+
+[Headnote 1: JOB, a patriarch, celebrated for his patience, constancy,
+and piety. For note on DAVID, see page 138.]
+
+NOTE.--The dash at the end of a remark denotes that the speaker is
+interrupted by the one with whom he is conversing.
+
+
+MRS. CREDULOUS AND THE FORTUNE-TELLER.
+
+_Mrs. Credulous._ Are you the fortune-teller, sir, that knows every
+thing?
+
+_Fortune-Teller._ I sometimes consult futurity, madam; but I make no
+pretensions to any supernatural knowledge.
+
+_Mrs. C._ Ay, so _you_ say; but every body else says you know _every
+thing_; and I have come all the way from Boston to consult you; for you
+must know I have met with a dreadful loss.
+
+_F. T._ We are liable to losses in this world, madam.
+
+_Mrs. C._ Yes; and I have had my share of them, though I shall be only
+fifty, come Thanksgiving.
+
+_F. T._ You must have learned to bear misfortunes with fortitude, by
+this time.
+
+_Mrs. C._ I don't know how that is, though my dear husband, rest his
+soul, used to say, "Molly, you are as patient as Job,[Headnote 1] though
+you never had any children to lose, as he had."
+
+_F. T._ Job was a model of patience, madam, and few could lose their all
+with so much resignation.
+
+_Mrs. C._ Ah, sir', that is too true'; for even the small loss _I_ have
+suffered, overwhelms me!
+
+_F. T._ The loss of property, madam, comes home to the bosom of the best
+of us.
+
+_Mrs. C._ Yes, sir; and when the thing lost can not be replaced, it is
+doubly distressing. When my poor, good man, on our wedding day, gave me
+the ring, "Keep it, Molly," said he, "till you die, for my sake." And
+now, that I should have lost it, after keeping it thirty years, and
+locking it up so carefully all the time, as I did--
+
+_F. T._ We can not be too careful in this world, madam; our best friends
+often deceive us.
+
+_Mrs. C._ True, sir, true,--but who would have thought that the child I
+took, as it were, out of the street, and brought up as my own, could
+have been guilty of such ingratitude? She never would have touched what
+was not her own, if her vagabond lover had not put her up to it.
+
+_F. T._ Ah, madam, ingratitude is the basest of all crimes!
+
+_Mrs. C._ Yes; but to think that the impudent creature should deny she
+took it, when I saw it in the possession of that wretch myself.
+
+_F. T._ Impudence, madam, usually accompanies crime. But my time is
+precious, and the star that rules your destiny will set, and your fate
+be involved in darkness, unless I proceed to business immediately. The
+star informs me, madam, that you are a widow.
+
+_Mrs. C._ La! sir, were you acquainted with my deceased husband?
+
+_F. T._ No, madam; we do not receive our knowledge by such means. Thy
+name is Mary, and thy dwelling-place is Boston.
+
+_Mrs. C._ Some spirit must have told you this, for certain.
+
+_F. T._ This is not all, madam. You were married at the age of twenty
+years, and were the sole heir of your deceased husband.
+
+_Mrs. C._ I perceive, sir, you know _every_ thing.
+
+_F. T._ Madam, I can not help knowing what I _do_ know; I must therefore
+inform you that your adopted daughter, in the dead of night--
+
+_Mrs. C._ No, sir; it was in the day-time.
+
+_F. T._ Do not interrupt me, madam. In the dead of night, your adopted
+daughter planned the robbery which deprived you of your wedding-ring.
+
+_Mrs. C._ No earthly being could have told you this, for I never let my
+right hand know that I possessed it, lest some evil should happen to it.
+
+_F. T._ Hear me, madam; you have come all this distance to consult the
+fates, and find your ring.
+
+_Mrs. C._ You have guessed my intention exactly, sir.
+
+_F. T._ Guessed'! madam'. I _know_ this is your object; and I know,
+moreover, that your ungrateful daughter has incurred your displeasure,
+by receiving the addresses of a worthless man.
+
+_Mrs. C._ Every word is gospel truth.
+
+_F. T._ This man has persuaded your daughter--
+
+_Mrs. C._ I knew he did, I told her so. But good sir, can you tell me
+who has the ring?
+
+_F. T._ This young man has it.
+
+_Mrs. C._ But he denies it.
+
+_F. T._ No matter, madam, he has it.
+
+_Mrs. C._ But how shall I obtain it again?
+
+_F. T._ The law points out the way, madam,--it is _my_ business to point
+out the rogue,--you must catch him.
+
+_Mrs. C._ You are right, sir,--and if there is law to be had, I will
+spend every cent I own, but I will have it. I knew he was the robber,
+and I thank you for the information. [_Going_.]
+
+_F. T._ But thanks, madam, will not pay for all my nightly vigils,
+consultations, and calculations.
+
+_Mrs. C._ Oh, right, sir! I forgot to pay you. What am I indebted to
+you?
+
+_F. T._ Only five dollars, madam.
+
+_Mrs. C._ [_Handing him the money_.] There it is, sir. I would have paid
+twenty rather than not have found the ring.
+
+_F. T._ I never take but five, madam. Farewell, madam, your friend is at
+the door with your chaise.
+
+[_He leaves the room_.]
+
+[_Enter, Friend_.]
+
+_Friend_. Well, Mary, what does the fortune-teller say?
+
+_Mrs. C._ Oh, he told me I was a widow, and lived in Boston, and had an
+adopted daughter,--and----
+
+_Friend._ But you knew all this before, did you not?
+
+_Mrs. C._ Yes; but how should _he_ know it? He told me, too, that I had
+lost a ring,--
+
+_Friend._ Did he tell you where to find it?
+
+_Mrs. C._ Oh yes! he says that fellow has it, and I must go to law and
+get it, if he will not give it up. What do you think of that?
+
+_Friend._ It is precisely what any fool could have told you. But how
+much did you pay for this precious information?
+
+_Mrs. C._ Only five dollars.
+
+_Friend._ How much was the ring worth?
+
+_Mrs. C._ Why, two dollars, at least.
+
+_Friend._ Then you have paid ten dollars for a chaise to bring you here,
+five dollars for the information that you had already, and all this to
+gain possession of a ring not worth one quarter of the expense!
+
+_Mrs. C._ Oh, the rascal! how he has cheated me! I will go to the
+world's end but I will be revenged.
+
+_Friend._ You had better go home, and say nothing about it; for every
+effort to recover your money, will only expose your folly.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What had Mrs. Credulous said, by which the fortune-teller
+knew all the circumstances relative to the loss of her ring? 2. How was
+she told she must get her ring? 3. What did she pay the fortune-teller?
+4. How much for the chaise? 5. What was her ring worth? 6. Was she a
+bright dame?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXVII.
+
+ UN FAL' TER ING, steady.
+ CON FID' ING LY, trustingly.
+ SOOTH' ING LY, tenderly, calmly.
+ AL LUR'ING, seductive; flattering.
+ AP PRO' PRI ATE, proper; peculiar.
+ SUB MIS' SION, resignation.
+ IN' VA LID, sick or infirm person.
+ CON TENT' MENT, satifaction.
+ MEA' GER, scanty.
+ CON' FI DENCE, faith; reliance.
+ AS SUAG' ED, relieved; mitigated.
+ FER' VEN CY, heat; ardent feeling.
+ RA DI A TION luster.
+ FRU I' TION, realization; enjoyment.
+
+
+FAITH, HOPE, AND CHARITY.--AN ALLEGORY.
+
+[Footnote: AL' LE GO RY is a word of Greek origin. It is made up of two
+parts; ALL, _other_; and EGORY, _discourse_; the literal meaning of the
+compound being, _discourse_ about _other_ things; that is, things other
+than those expressed by the words, literally interpreted. Allegory is,
+therefore, the general name for that class of compositions, as _Fables_,
+_Apologues_, _Parables_, and _Myth_, in which there is a _double_
+signification, one _literal_ and the other _figurative_; the literal
+being designed merely to give a more clear and impressive view of that
+which is figurative.]
+
+1. Many years ago, three beautiful sisters came into our world to
+lighten the burdens of earth's toiling pilgrims, and aid them in
+preparation for a higher state of existence. Alike commissioned by the
+Great Father, they were sent on errands of mercy, and were not to turn
+away from scenes of darkness, sorrow, and suffering.
+
+2. FAITH had a firm, unfaltering step; HOPE, a beaming eye, ever turned
+to the future; and LOVE, a pitying glance, and a helping hand. They
+journeyed confidingly together; and when they found a stricken being in
+danger of perishing by the wayside, FAITH soothingly whispered, "My
+Father doeth all things well;" HOPE pointed to the cooling shade just in
+advance; and LOVE assisted him to rise, and aided his feeble steps.
+
+3. Groups of fair children played near the path in which they were
+traveling. Some of these did not understand the tones of FAITH; but they
+all listened eagerly to the alluring strains of HOPE, who painted
+brighter scenes than those they were enjoying, and flowers more fragrant
+than any they yet had gathered. LOVE delighted to linger with the
+youthful band, lessening their trials, and increasing their pleasures.
+
+4. Her gentle touch arrested the little hand that was lifted against a
+playmate, and her soothing voice calmed the angry passions which were
+swelling in the bosom. When a child stumbled in the way, she tenderly
+raised it up again, or when a thorn pierced the unwary finger, she
+kindly removed it, and bound up the bleeding wound.
+
+5. While the sisters were busy in their appropriate mission, a
+pale-cheeked lad mingled with the group of merry children, though too
+weak to share their sports. FAITH stole to his side, and whispered of
+the great Parent above, who afflicts in wisdom, and chastens in love.
+His eye brightened while she spoke, and he looked upward with that trust
+and submission which he had never before experienced.
+
+6. Then HOPE came, with visions of returning health, when his frame
+would be strong and his heart buoyant. But when HOPE and FAITH were
+gone, again his head drooped, and the tear started. Then LOVE sat down
+by the invalid, twining a garland of summer blossoms for his pale brow,
+and singing sweet melodies which charmed his listening ear. The pain was
+all gone now; smiles wreathed his pallid lips, and the sick boy laughed
+as merrily as his more robust companions.
+
+7. The sisters, in their journeyings, entered the abode of poverty. It
+was a humble dwelling, and yet it looked cheerful, yea, even inviting,
+when the three graced it with their presence. FAITH shed a spirit of
+calm contentment and heavenly trust in those lowly walls; HOPE whispered
+of the better mansions prepared for the followers of the Lamb; and LOVE,
+not less exalted than her sisters, threw a charm over the meager fare
+and scanty attire of the inmates. FAITH taught them to offer the daily
+prayer in trusting confidence; HOPE pointed beyond this world to joys
+which eye hath not seen, nor ear heard; while LOVE lessened each burden,
+and increased each simple pleasure. FAITH, HOPE, and CHARITY! ye,
+indeed, can make a paradise of the humblest home!
+
+8. There was a darkened chamber, with a wan form tossing restlessly upon
+the couch. Wealth was there; but it could not allay pain, or prolong
+life. FAITH, noiseless as a spirit form, glided to the sick one's side.
+"Though He slay me, yet will I trust in Him," was her language, as she
+pointed upward. HOPE fain would have whispered of length of days, but
+she knew this could not be; so she spoke of life eternal, where there is
+no more pain. Then LOVE smoothed the pillow, and bathed the fevered
+brow, pausing not in her tender ministries through the night-watches.
+When morning dawned, the spirit of the sick man passed away, though not
+until FAITH, and HOPE, and LOVE had assuaged the anguish of the parting
+pang.
+
+9. Weeping mourners gathered around the dead. There were tears,--for
+"tears well befit earth's partings;" there was sorrow,--for what
+bitterness is like unto that of the bereaved, when the grave opens to
+infold the heart's best treasure? Yet FAITH, and HOPE, and LOVE were
+there, assuaging those tears, and mitigating that sorrow. FAITH, even
+while her cheeks were wet, exclaimed, "The Lord gave, and the Lord hath
+taken away; blessed be the name of the Lord."
+
+10. HOPE'S language was, "Not lost, but gone before;" and her eye,
+having lost none of its brightness, saw with prophetic vision a reunion
+yet to come. LOVE tenderly wiped away each gathering tear, and gave
+deeper fervency to the trusting confidence of FAITH, and the inspiring
+strains of HOPE. And when the sleeper was committed to the dust, these
+gentle sisters lingered in the lonely house, and by the darkened hearth.
+
+11. Such are FAITH, HOPE, and CHARITY,--given by God to lighten human
+sorrow, and bless the creatures He has made. They have each a mission to
+fulfill,--different, it is true, and yet they move in harmony. FAITH
+enables us to submit trustingly to daily trials, viewing a kind Father's
+hand in each passing event. HOPE, when the sky is dark, and the path
+thorny, points not only to fairer scenes below, but to that brighter
+world where there is no night and no sorrow.
+
+12. LOVE lightens every burden, and reflects upon earth a faint
+radiation of heavenly blessedness,--for the Scriptures assure us that
+"God is love: and every one that loveth is born of God." The time will
+come when, the purposes of the wise Creator being accomplished, Faith
+and Hope will cease. Faith will be lost in sight, Hope in fruition; but
+Love will remain, binding the spirits of the redeemed in blissful
+communion, and uniting them to God the Father and Christ the Elder
+Brother.
+
+13. Faith, Hope, and Charity! blessed spirits! May they be inmates of
+every heart! May they assist each of us in the peculiar trials which
+none can know but ourselves! They will come to us if we seek their
+presence; but they must be carefully nurtured. Let us cherish them in
+our bosoms, and they will bless us constantly in our pilgrimage below,
+and conduct us to the presence of our God.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXVIII.
+
+ TRANSPORT' ED, highly delighted.
+ THREAT' EN ING, impending.
+ COR' O NAL, crown; chaplet.
+ MYR' I AD, innumerable.
+ LUS' CIOUS, delicious.
+ LUS TY, strong; vigorous.
+ WAR' BLING, singing; caroling.
+ CHURL, sour, surly man.
+ RE FRESH', cool; make fresh.
+ LAN' GUID, dull; sluggish.
+ DROUTH' Y, dry; arid.
+ SUS TAIN', uphold; support.
+ UN GRUDG'ING, free-hearted; liberal.
+ NIG GARD, miser; stingy person.
+
+
+"NOT TO MYSELF ALONE."
+
+S.W. PARTRIDGE.
+
+ 1. "_Not to myself alone,_"
+ The little opening flower transported cries.
+ "Not to myself alone I bud and bloom;
+ With fragrant breath the breezes I perfume,
+ And gladden all things with my rainbow dyes.
+ The bee comes sipping, every eventide,
+ His dainty fill;
+ The butterfly within my cup doth hide
+ From threatening ill."
+
+ 2. "_Not to myself alone,_"
+ The circling star with honest pride doth boast,
+ "Not to myself alone I rise and set;
+ I write upon night's coronal of jet
+ His power and skill who formed our myriad host;
+ A friendly beacon at heaven's open gate,
+ I gem the sky.
+ That man might ne'er forget, in every fate,
+ His home on high."
+
+ 3. "_Not to myself alone_,"
+ The heavy-laden bee doth murmuring hum,
+ "Not to myself alone, from flower to flower,
+ I rove the wood, the garden, and the bower,
+ And to the hive at evening weary come;
+ For man, for man, the luscious food I pile
+ With busy care,
+ Content if he repay my ceaseless toil
+ With scanty share."
+
+ 4. "_Not to myself alone_,"
+ The soaring bird with lusty pinion sings,
+ "Not to myself alone I raise my song;
+ I cheer the drooping with my warbling tongue,
+ And bear the mourner on my viewless wings;
+ I bid the hymnless churl my anthem learn,
+ And God adore;
+ I call the worldling from his dross to turn,
+ And sing and scar."
+
+ 5. _"Not to myself alone,"_
+ The streamlet whispers on its pebbly way,
+ "Not to myself alone I sparkling glide;
+ I scatter health and life on every side,
+ And strew the fields with herb and floweret gay.
+ I sing unto the common, bleak and bare,
+ My gladsome tune;
+ I sweeten and refresh the languid air
+ In droughty June."
+
+ 6. _"Not to myself alone:"_--
+ O man, forget not thou,--earth's honored priest,
+ Its tongue, its soul, its life, its pulse, its heart,--
+ In earth's great chorus to sustain _thy_ part!
+ Chiefest of guests at Love's ungrudging feast,
+ Play not the niggard; spurn thy native clod,
+ And _self_ disown;
+ Live to thy neighbor; live unto thy God;
+ _Not to thyself alone!_
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What things are mentioned, that contribute to our comfort
+and happiness? 2. How does the suffix _less,_ affect the meaning of the
+words _cease, view, hymn,_ &c.? 3. What is the meaning of the suffixes
+_let_ and _et,_ in the words _streamlet_ and _floweret?_ See SANDERS &
+McELLIGOTT'S ANALYSIS, page 140, Ex. 185 and 187.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXIX.
+
+ NURS'ING, nourishing; cherishing.
+ AB HOR', detest; loathe.
+ RE LI' ED, depended.
+ FRA TER' NAL, brotherly.
+ SU PER' NAL, heavenly.
+ COM BINE', unite; join together.
+ RE HEARS' AL, recital; repetition.
+ BIG' OT RY, blind zeal; prejudice.
+ SHEATHE, put in a sheath.
+ U NI VERS AL, general.
+ CUS TOM, practice; usage.
+ TAL' ENT, natural ability.
+ AF FECT'ING, making false show.
+ IS' O LATE, separate; detach.
+
+
+THE WORLD WOULD BE THE BETTER FOR IT.
+
+W.H. COBB.
+
+1. If men cared less for wealth and fame,
+ And less for battle-fields and glory,--
+ If writ in human hearts a name
+ Seemed better than in song and story,--
+ If men instead of nursing pride,
+ Would learn to hate it and abhor it,--
+ If more relied
+ On _love_ to guide,--
+ _The world would be the better for it._
+
+2. If men dealt less in stocks and lands,
+ And more in bonds and deeds fraternal,--
+ If Love's work had more willing hands
+ To link this world to the supernal,--
+ If men stored up Love's oil and wine,
+ And on bruised human hearts would pour it,--
+ If _"yours"_ and _"mine"_
+ Would once combine,--
+ _The world would be the letter for it._
+
+3. If more would _act_ the play of Life,
+ And fewer spoil it in rehearsal,--
+ If Bigotry would sheathe his knife
+ Till Good became more universal,--
+ If Custom, gray with ages grown,
+ Had fewer blind men to adore it,--
+ If talent shone
+ In Truth alone,--
+ _The world would be the better for it._
+
+4. If men were wise in little things,
+ Affecting less in all their dealings,--
+ If hearts had fewer rusted strings
+ To isolate their kindly feelings,--
+ If men, when Wrong beats down the Right,
+ Would strike together and restore it,--
+ If Right made Might
+ In every fight,--
+ _The world would be the letter for it._
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXX.
+
+In reading these antithetic sentences, an excellent effect may be
+produced by dividing the class equally into two parts, and letting one
+part read, in concert, the line marked _1st Voice_, and the other part,
+the line marked _2d Voice;_ or, one pupil may read one line, and the
+next pupil the other, alternately.
+
+
+SELECT PROVERBS OF SOLOMON.
+
+ _1st Voice_. A wise son maketh a glad father;
+ _2d Voice_, but a foolish son is the heaviness of his mother.
+
+ _1 V_. Treasures of wickedness profit nothing;
+ _2 V_. but righteousness delivereth from death.
+
+ _1 V_. He becometh poor, that dealeth with a slack hand;
+ _2 V_. but the hand of the diligent maketh rich.
+
+ _1 V_. Blessings are upon the head of the just;
+ _2 V_. but violence covereth the mouth of the wicked.
+
+ _1 V_. The memory of the just is blessed;
+ _2 V_. but the name of the wicked shall rot.
+
+ _1 V_. The wise in heart will receive commandment;
+ _2 V_. but a prating fool shall fall.
+
+ _1 V._ He that walketh uprightly, walketh surely;
+ _2 V._ but he that perverteth his ways, shall be known.
+
+ _1 V._ Wise men lay up knowledge;
+ _2 V._ but the mouth of the wicked is near destruction.
+
+ _1 V._ He is in the way of life, that keepeth instruction;
+ _2 V._ but he that refuseth reproof, erreth.
+
+ _1 V._ It is as sport to a fool to do mischief;
+ _2 V._ but a man of understanding hath wisdom.
+
+ _1 V._ The fear of the Lord prolongeth days;
+ _2 V._ but the years of the wicked shall be shortened.
+
+ _1 V._ The hope of the righteous shall be gladness;
+ _2 V._ but the expectation of the wicked shall perish.
+
+ _1 V._ The righteous shall never be removed;
+ _2 V._ but the wicked shall not inhabit the earth.
+
+ _1 V._ The mouth of the just bringeth forth wisdom;
+ _2 V._ but the froward tongue shall be cut out.
+
+ _1 V._ A false balance is an abomination to the Lord;
+ _2 V._ but a just weight is his delight.
+
+ _1 V._ Riches profit not in the day of wrath;
+ _2 V._ but righteousness delivereth from death.
+
+ _1 V._ The righteousness of the perfect shall direct his way;
+ _2 V._ but the wicked shall fall by his own wickedness.
+
+ _1 V._ By the blessing of the upright the city is exalted;
+ _2 V._ but it is overthrown by the mouth of the wicked.
+
+ _1 V._ Where no counsel is, the people fall,
+ _2 V._ but in the multitude of counselors there is safety.
+
+ _1 V._ He that diligently seeketh good, procureth favor;
+ _2 V._ but he that seeketh mischief, it shall come unto him.
+
+ _1 V._ The righteous man regardeth the life of his beast;
+ _2 V._ but the tender mercies of the wicked are cruel.
+
+ _1 V_. The lip of truth shall be established forever;
+ _2 V_. but a lying tongue is but for a moment.
+
+ _1 V_. Lying lips are abomination to the Lord;
+ _2 V_. but they that deal truly are His delight.
+
+ _1 V_. The hand of the diligent shall bear rule;
+ _2 V_. but the slothful shall be under tribute.
+
+ _1 V_. A wise son heareth his father's instruction;
+ _2 V_. but a scorner heareth not rebuke.
+
+ _1 V_. He that keepeth his mouth, keepeth his life;
+ _2 V_. but he that openeth wide his lips, shall have destruction.
+
+ _1 V_. A scorner seeketh wisdom, and findeth it not;
+ _2 V_. but knowledge is easy unto him that understandeth.
+
+ _1 V_. There is a way which seemeth right unto a man;
+ _2 V_. but the end thereof are the ways of death.
+
+ _1 V_. A wise man feareth, and departeth from evil;
+ _2 V_. but the fool rageth, and is confident.
+
+ _1 V_. The poor is hated even of his neighbor;
+ _2 V_. but the rich hath many friends.
+
+ _1 V_. He that oppresseth the poor, reproacheth his Maker;
+ _2 V_. but he that honoreth Him, hath mercy on the poor.
+
+ _1 V_. He that is slow to wrath, is of great understanding;
+ _2 V_. but he that is hasty in spirit, exalteth folly.
+
+ _1 V_. A soft answer turneth away wrath;
+ _2 V_. but grievous words stir up anger.
+
+ _1 V_. He that walketh with wise men, shall be wise;
+ _2 V_. but a companion of fools shall be destroyed.
+
+ _1 V_. Counsel in the heart of man is like deep water;
+ _2 V_. but a man of understanding will draw it out.
+
+ _1 V_. The wicked is driven away in his wickedness;
+ _2 V_. but the righteous hath hope in his death.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXI.
+
+ IM PRES' SION, idea; notion.
+ AT TRAC' TIONS, allurements.
+ SA TI' E TY, excessive fullness.
+ SAT' ED, glutted; satiated.
+ PAM' PER ED, over-fed.
+ SUC' CU LENT, full of sap; juicy.
+ UM BRA' GEOUS, shady.
+ GOR' GEOUS, showy; brilliant.
+ DREAR' I NESS, gloominess.
+ REG' IS TER, record; note down.
+ SUG GEST' IVE, giving signs.
+ DEC LA RA' TION, announcement.
+ EX TREM' I TIES, ends.
+ DRA' PER Y, hangings; decorations.
+ EN CHANT' MENT, charms; fascination.
+ FRET' TED, furnished with frets, of ornamental raised work.
+ DEC O RA' TIONS, adornments.
+
+[Headnote 1: AR' A BESQUES, is a word, denoting ornaments after the
+Arabian manner, often intricate and fantastic, from the intermingling
+of foliage, fruits, &c., with other objects real or imaginary.]
+
+
+WINTER BEAUTY.
+
+HENRY WARD BEECHER.
+
+1. It is the impression of many, that only in summer, including spring
+and autumn, of course, is the _country_ desirable as a residence. The
+country in summer, and the city for the winter. It is true, that the
+winter gives attractions to the city, in endless meetings, lectures,
+concerts, and indoor amusements; but it is not true that the country
+loses all interest when the leaves are shed and the grass is gone. On
+the contrary, to one who has learned how to use his senses and his
+sensibilities, there are attractions in the winter of a peculiar kind,
+and pleasures which can be reaped only then.
+
+2. It appears to me, that winter comes in to relieve the year of
+satiety. The mind grows sated with greenness. After eight or nine months
+of luxuriant growths, the eye grows accustomed to vegetation. To be
+sure, we never are less pleased with the wide prospect; with forms of
+noble trees, with towns and meadows, and with the whole aspect of
+nature. But it is the pleasure of one pampered. We lose the keen edge of
+hunger. The eye enjoys, without the relish of newness. We expect to
+enjoy. Every thing loses surprise.
+
+3. Of course, the sky is blue, the grass succulent, the fields green,
+the trees umbrageous, the clouds silent and mysterious. They were so
+yesterday, they are so to-day, they will be so to-morrow, next week,
+next month. In short, the mind does not cease to feel the charm of
+endless growths; but needs variety, change of diet, less of perpetual
+feasting, and something of the blessings of a fast. _This_ winter gives.
+It says to us: You have had too much. You are luxurious and dainty. You
+need relief and change of diet.
+
+4. The cold blue of the sky, the cold gray of rocks, the sober warmth of
+browns and russets, take the place of more gorgeous colors. If, now, one
+will accept this change in the tone of nature, after a time a new and
+relishful pleasure arises. The month formed by the last fortnight of
+November and the first two weeks of December, is, to me, the saddest of
+the year. It most nearly produces the sense of desolateness and
+dreariness of any portion of the year.
+
+5. From the hour that the summer begins to shorten its days, and
+register the increasing change along the horizon, over which the sun
+sets, farther and farther toward the south, we have a genial and gentle
+sadness. But sadness belongs to all very deep joys. It is almost as
+needful to the perfectness of joy, as shadows in landscapes are to the
+charm of the picture. Then, too, comes the fading out of flowers,--each
+variety in its turn, saying, "Farewell till next summer."
+
+6. Scarcely less suggestive of departing summer are the new-comers, the
+late summer golden-rod, the asters, and all autumnal flowers. Long
+experience teaches us that these are the latest blossoms that fall from
+the sun's lap, and next to them is snow. By association we already see
+white in the yellow and blue. Then, too, birds are thinking of other
+things. No more nests, no more young, no more songs,--except
+signal-notes and rallying-calls; for they are evidently warned, and go
+about their little remaining daily business, as persons who expect every
+hour to depart to a distant land.
+
+7. It is scarcely ever that we see the birds _go_. They are here to-day,
+and gone to-morrow. They disappear without observation. The fields are
+empty and silent. It seems as if the winds had blown them away with the
+leaves. The first sight of northern waterfowl, far up in the air,
+retreating from Labrador and the short, Arctic summer, is always to us
+like the declaration: "Summer is gone; winter is behind us; it will soon
+be upon you." At last come the late days of November. All is
+gone,--frosts reap and glean more sharply every night.
+
+8. A few weeks bring earnest winter. Then begin to dawn other delights.
+The bracing air, the clean snow-paths, the sled and sleigh, the
+revelation of forms that all summer were grass-hidden; the
+sharp-outlined hills lying clear upon the sky; the exquisite tracery of
+trees,--especially of all such trees as that dendral child of God, the
+elm, whose branches are carried out into an endless complexity of fine
+lines of spray, and which stands up in winter, showing in its whole
+anatomy, that all its summer shade was founded upon the most substantial
+reality.
+
+9. In winter, too, particularly in the latter periods of it, the
+extremities of shrubs and branches begin to take on ruddy hues, or
+purplish browns, and the eye knows that these are the first faint
+blushes of coming summer. Now, too, we find how beautiful are the mosses
+in the woods; and under them we find solitary green leaves, that have
+laughed all winter because they had outwitted the frost.
+
+10. Wherever flowing springs gush from sheltered spots looking south,
+one will find many green edges, young grass, and some few tougher
+leaves. Now, too, in still days, the crow swings heavily through the
+air, cawing with a pleasing harshness. For dieting has performed its
+work. Your appetite is eager. A little now pleases you more than
+abundance did in August. Every tiny leaf is to you like a cedar of
+Lebanon.
+
+11. All these things are unknown to dwellers in cities. It is nothing
+to them that a robin appeared for the first time yesterday morning, or
+that a blue-bird sang over against the house. Some new _prima-donna_
+[Footnote: The first female singer in an opera.] exhausts their
+admiration. They are yet studying laces, and do not care for the fringe
+of swamps, for the first catkins of the willow. They are still coveting
+the stores of precious stones at the jewelers, and do not care for my
+ruby buds, and red dogwood, and scarlet winter berries, and ground
+pine, and partridge-berry leaves.
+
+12. There is one sight of the country, at about this time of the
+year--the first of March--that few have seen, or else they have passed
+it by as if it were not worthy of record. I mean the drapery of rocks
+in gorges, or along precipitous sides of hills or mountains. The seams
+of rocks are the outlets of springs. The water, trickling through, is
+seized by the frost, and held fast in white enchantment. Every day adds
+to the length of the ice drapery; and, as the surface is overlaid by
+new issuings, it is furred and fretted with silver-white chasings, the
+most exquisite.
+
+13. Thus, one may find a succession, in a single gorge, of extraordinary
+ice-curtains, and pendent draperies, of varying lengths, of every
+fantastic form, of colors varying by thickness, or by the tinge of earth
+or rock shining through them. In my boyhood, I used to wander along
+these fairy halls, imagining them to be now altars in long, white
+draperies; now, grand cathedral pillars of white marble; then, long
+tapestries chased in white, with arabesques [Headnote 1] and crinkled
+vines and leaves.
+
+14. Sometimes they seemed like gigantic bridal decorations, or like the
+robes of beings vast and high, hung in their wardrobes while they slept.
+But, whatever fancy interpreted them, or whether they were looked upon
+with two good, sober, literal eyes, they were, and still are, among the
+most delightful of winter exhibitions, to those who are wise enough to
+search out the hidden beauty of winter in the country.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What are some of the attractions of winter in the city?
+2. What are some of the delights of winter in the country? 3. What is
+said of the drapery of rocks? 4. What did the writer imagine them to be,
+in boyhood?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXII.
+
+ UN SUL' LIED, pure; clear.
+ PHE NOM' E NON, appearance.
+ TRANS PAR' EN CY, clearness.
+ AS TON' ISH ING, amazing.
+ RAM I FI CA' TION, branch, or branching out.
+ IN DE SCRIB' A BLY, beyond description.
+ MA JES' TIC, grand.
+ OC CA' SION AL, occurring at times.
+ IM PRESS'IVE, powerful; effective.
+ IN TER SECT' ING, meeting and crossing.
+ PEN' E TRA TING, piercing.
+ E' THER, thin or refined air.
+ CON GEAL' ED, frozen.
+ BUR' NISH ING, brightening.
+ EN GEN' DER ED, produced.
+ EM' BLEM, symbol.
+ CON TEM PLA' TION, meditation.
+ EL E VA' TION, loftiness.
+
+
+FROSTED TREES.
+
+1.
+ "Ere yet the clouds let fall the treasured snow,
+ Or winds begun their hazy skies to blow,
+ At evening, a keen eastern breeze arose,
+ And the descending rain unsullied froze.
+ Soon as the silent shades of night withdrew,
+ The ruddy morn disclosed at once to view
+ The face of Nature in a rich disguise,
+ And brightened every object to my eyes.
+ For every shrub, and every blade of grass,
+ And every pointed thorn, seemed wrought in glass."
+
+2. Since Sunday, [Feb. 1st, 1852,] we have had presented to our view,
+the beautiful phenomenon of FROSTED TREES, the most astonishing and
+brilliant that I ever remember to have noticed. The previous storm and
+mist had thickly covered every exposed object,--the loftiest trees, the
+minutest blade, hill and dale, with the icy garment. This transparency
+was most perfect, defining every form and ramification into exact models
+of the entire body, branch, or limb.
+
+3. Dwellings and barns were incrusted by the chilling vapor. It hung
+upon the manes of the cattle, and decorated, wherever seen, the humble
+grass, which appeared bending, like threads of crystal. The small bushes
+were indescribably beautiful, and seemed as if chiseled out of the
+whitest marble. As far as the eye could extend, over brooks, fields, and
+woods, the same striking and singular sight was universal.
+
+4. I could not remain contented in the house, and toward sunset,
+hastened away, where the view might be free and uninterrupted. Here, the
+scene, if possible, was more impressive and interesting. There was
+scarcely a breath of air, and the general silence was only interrupted
+by the occasional flight of some winter bird, which, alighting on a
+limb, would shake down a thousand feathery showers, until he seemed
+frightened at the unusual sound. The forest trees made a truly majestic
+appearance, with their naked, giant arms and mossy branches intersecting
+each other, and fast bound by the frozen barriers.
+
+5. I shall not attempt to describe the brilliancy of the undergrowth and
+dwarf trees, upon whose limbs hung a delicate frosting, like unwrought
+silver, nor the crimson glow of the holly-berries through their
+transparent and icy covering,--all, all was a dazzling and splendid
+winter array,
+
+ "That buries wide the works of man."
+
+It brought to my mind some of the Eastern fairy tales, and their gardens
+ornamented with shrubs and plants of sparkling crystals.
+
+6. The exposed sides of the rocks and fences were completely iced over,
+not the smallest particle escaping the penetrating and congealed ether.
+It was truly astonishing to examine its thickness. On some twigs, not
+larger than a wheat straw, the ice measured half an inch through. One
+would scarcely imagine what an immense weight of the frozen mass a tree
+will sustain, before it breaks under the unusual load. Many branches
+were bent so low that I could reach them with my hands; and, shaking off
+their frosted barks, they would instantly spring far above my reach.
+Every few minutes, I was startled by the rattling noise of these falling
+icicles from some neighboring tree or grove.
+
+7. Just when the sun went down, there was not a single cloud to be seen
+in the horizon, and his cold, bright, setting rays brought out, on every
+hand, frozen gems, diamonds, rubies, and sapphires, in every possible
+prismatic beauty, wherever his departing beams fell. Presently the moon
+bathed the whitened earth, and every congealed drop, in her soft light,
+burnishing, with dazzling icy brilliancy, trees, dwellings, and streams.
+I am an ardent lover of Nature and her scenery, and have often,
+delighted, gazed upon the Queen of Night; but _never_ did I behold such
+a brilliant moonlight night as this.
+
+8. Who could help bringing to mind the sublimities of Job and of
+David,--"The hoary frost of heaven, who hath engendered it? The waters
+are hid, as with a stone, and the face of the deep is frozen."--"By the
+breath of the Mighty God, ice is produced, and the waters which were
+spread on all sides, are held in chains." The Psalmist says, "He giveth
+the snow like wool, He scattereth the hoar-frost like ashes. Wash me,
+and I shall be whiter than snow."--Well may poets look to the falling
+snow-flake for their images of purity and innocence, ere it receives the
+stain of earth. I know of no litter emblem.
+
+9. Such a winter's night! _and the skies! the skies!_ So resplendent in
+brightness are the hosts of heaven at this moment, that they should be
+contemplated by every lover and student of the works of God. Their
+numbers who can count,--their twinkling beauty who can describe, as
+onward they roll in the deep blue of midnight? In their contemplation
+are inspired "thoughts that wander through eternity," with an elevation
+of feeling, as if we were separated from the toils and tumults of earth,
+and exalted into a higher state of being than that in which we toiled
+through the day! These heavens tell us of a WISDOM and POWER we can not
+search or estimate. There we seem to stand more immediately in the
+vailed presence of the Infinite Majesty, who "laid the foundations of
+the earth, when the morning stars sang together, and all the sons of God
+shouted for joy."
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Describe the appearance of frosted trees. 2. What is
+said of the appearance of shrubs, bushes, &c.? 3. What, of the weight
+sustained by a single tree? 4. What was the appearance at sunset?
+5. What passages of Scripture did the scene bring to mind? 6. Of what
+is the snowflake an emblem? 7. What is said of the skies?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXIII.
+
+ SPLEN' DOR, brightness; glory.
+ E TER' NAL LY, everlastingly.
+ WAY'-WEA RY, tired; fatigued.
+ GAZE, eager look.
+ EV' ER GREEN, always green.
+ LONG' ED, earnestly desired.
+ RE POSE, rest; quietude.
+ RAN' SOM ED, redeemed.
+ PAL' ACE, mansion; abode.
+ UN CEAS' ING LY, constantly.
+
+
+THE MOUNTAINS OF LIFE.
+
+JAMES G. CLARK.
+
+1. There's a land far away, 'mid the stars, we are told,
+ Where they know not the sorrows of time,--
+ Where the pure waters wander through valleys of gold,
+ And life is a treasure sublime;
+ 'Tis the land of our God, 'tis the home of the soul,
+ Where the ages of splendor eternally roll,--
+ Where the way-weary traveler reaches his goal,
+ On the evergreen Mountains of Life.
+
+2. Our gaze can not soar to that beautiful land,
+ But our visions have told of its bliss;
+ And our souls by the gale from its gardens are fanned,
+ When we faint in the desert of this;
+ And we sometimes have longed for its holy repose,
+ When our spirits were torn with temptations and woes,
+ And we've drank from the tide of the river that flows
+ From the evergreen Mountains of Life.
+
+3. Oh! the stars never tread the blue heavens at night,
+ But we think where the ransomed have trod;
+ And the day never smiles from his palace of light,
+ But we feel the bright smile of our God.
+ We are traveling homeward, through changes and gloom,
+ To a kingdom where pleasures unceasingly bloom,
+ And our guide is the glory that shines through the tomb,
+ From the evergreen Mountains of Life.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What is said of that land far away? 2. How do we know
+there is such a land? 3. Of what do the stars remind us?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXIV.
+
+ IM AG' IN A RY, not real.
+ AN TIC' I PATE, take beforehand.
+ PRE FER' RED, chosen.
+ OC CUR' RED, happened.
+ SUS TAIN', support; uphold.
+ PER MIT', allow.
+ IN VIS' I BLE, unseen.
+ EN CHAIN', bind; fasten.
+ FORE BOD' ING, dread of evil.
+ IN VEN' TION, contrivance.
+ CON FER' RED, bestowed.
+ AP PRE HEN' SION, dread; fear.
+
+
+IMAGINARY EVILS.
+
+CHARLES SWAIN.
+
+1. Let to-morrow take care of to-morrow;
+ Leave things of the future to fate;
+ What's the use to anticipate sorrow?
+ Life's troubles come never too late.
+ If to hope overmuch be an error,
+ 'Tis one that the wise have preferred;
+ And how often have hearts been in terror
+ Of evils that never occurred.
+
+2. Have faith, and thy faith shall sustain thee;
+ Permit not suspicion and care
+ With invisible bonds to enchain thee,
+ But bear what God gives thee to bear.
+ By His Spirit supported and gladdened,
+ Be ne'er by forebodings deterred;
+ But think how oft hearts have been saddened
+ By fears of what never occurred!
+
+3. Let to-morrow take care of to-morrow;
+ Short and dark as our life may appear,
+ We may make it still darker by sorrow,
+ Still shorter by folly and fear;
+ Half our troubles are half our invention,
+ And often from blessings conferred,
+ Have we shrunk in the wild apprehension
+ Of evils that never occurred!
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What is said of imaginary evils? 2. How may we be
+supported under trials? 3. What tends to shorten life? 4. Whence proceed
+half our troubles? 5. What rule for doubling the _r_ and _d_ in such
+words as _occurred_, _saddened_, &c.? See SANDERS' NEW SPELLER, page
+168, Rule II.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXV.
+
+ WASTE, desolate region.
+ PRO CEED', come forth.
+ CHASM, gap; opening.
+ COILS, folds; convolutions.
+ MAN I FEST, plain; evident.
+ PRE SERV' ER, protector.
+ AL LE' GI ANCE, duty; loyalty.
+ RAY, make bright; adorn.
+ EX PAND, swell; dilate.
+ FA' THER LAND, native land.
+ GUER DON, reward; recompense.
+ PROF' FER, offer; tender.
+ PIT' E OUS, mournful; sorrowful.
+ IM PET' U OUS LY, furiously.
+
+ AT TRACT', (AT, _to_; TRACT, _draw_;) draw to; allure.
+
+ IN VEST', (IN, _to_; VEST, _clothe_;) clothe in or with;
+ inclose; surround.
+
+ PRO TEST, (PRO, _before_; TEST, _witness_;) witness before;
+ openly declare.
+
+[Headnote 1: PY THON is the name of a large serpent, fabled to have been
+slain by the god Apollo.]
+
+
+SIR WALTER AND THE LION.
+
+A. WALCHNER.
+
+1. Sir Walter of Thurn, over the Syrian waste,
+ Rides away with a flowing rein;
+ But he hears a groan that checks his haste,
+ As if death were in the strain.
+ He spurs his steed
+ Whence the sounds proceed;
+ And there, from a rocky chasm, arise
+ Fierce cries of pain, that assail the skies;
+ And his horse uprears
+ In excess of fears,
+ As the glance of a lion attracts his eyes.
+
+2. Fierce struggling there in the monster folds
+ Of a serpent that round him twines;
+ Sir Walter a moment the scene beholds,
+ Then to save the beast inclines.
+ His good sword stout
+ From its sheath leaps out,
+ When down it falls on the Python's [Headnote 1] crest,
+ And cleaves the coils that the lion invest;
+ And the noble beast,
+ From its thrall released,
+ Shows grateful joy most manifest.
+
+3. He shakes his mane, and bends his form,
+ And licks his preserver's hand,
+ As if he yields allegiance warm
+ To his supreme command.
+ Like the faithful hound
+ To be constant found,
+ And follow his steps for evermore;
+ And thus he follows, on sea and shore,
+ In the battle's tide,
+ He stands by his side,
+ Or with him rests when the strife is o'er.
+
+4. In Palestine Sir Walter is known,--
+ Long years attest his fame;
+ And many brave deeds he there hath done,
+ That ray with glory his name;
+ But his heart doth expand
+ For the fatherland,
+ And he fain its pleasant scenes would see,
+ With his friendly lion for company;
+ But with fearful breast,
+ The sailors protest,
+ As they glanced at the beast and his majesty.
+
+5. Rich guerdon he proffers, and golden store;
+ But though the prize were great,
+ The sailors hurry away from the shore
+ As if from the doom of fate.
+ The poor beast moans
+ In piteous tones,
+ Then darts impetuously o'er the sands,--
+ Then looks to the ship, and mournfully stands;
+ Then plunges into the gloomy wave,
+ The perils of the depths to brave.
+ Already he nears the flying bark,
+ Already his roar of grief they hark;
+ But his strength is spent, and the sea is strong,
+ And he may not the fearful struggle prolong.
+ His dying glances are fondly cast
+ Along the track where the loved one passed;
+ Then sinks to his grave
+ Beneath the wave,
+ And the night and the ocean behold him the last.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What did Sir Walter discover as he was riding over the
+Syrian waste? 2. What did he do? 3. What did the lion do, after being
+released? 4. Did the sailors allow the lion to go on board the ship? 5.
+What did the lion then do? 6. What became of him?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXVI.
+
+ VAL' IANT, strong; courageous,
+ INC LI NA' TION, desire; tendency.
+ RE PLEN' ISH ED, filled up.
+ DIS SEV' ER, part; sunder.
+ SHIV' ER, dash to pieces.
+ EC STAT' IC, rapturous.
+ CON CLU' SION, result.
+ CON CEP' TION, thought; idea.
+ DEF' ER ENCE, respect.
+ PHYS I CAL, material.
+ AR' RANT, mere; vile.
+ TIME'-BAN DI ED, time-lost.
+ DE VEL' OP ED, brought out.
+ CON STEL LA' TIONS, clusters of stars.
+ DE SIGN ED, planned.
+ COM BIN' ED, united.
+
+ UNINTERRUPTED, (UN, _not_; INTER, _in between_; RUPTED,
+ _broken_;) not broken in between; unbroken.
+
+It is sometimes desirable to have each member of the class read a piece
+complete in itself. To answer this end, the following collection of
+brief, though beautiful productions, have been brought together all
+under one head.
+
+
+CHOICE EXTRACTS.
+
+
+I.
+
+WHAT REALLY BENEFITS US.
+
+It is not what we earn, but what we save, that makes us rich. It is not
+what we eat, but what we digest, that makes us strong. It is not what we
+read, but what we remember, that makes us learned. It is not what we
+intend, but what we do, that makes us useful. It is not a few faint
+wishes, but a life-long struggle, that makes us valiant.
+
+
+II.
+
+GOD'S LOVE.
+
+ There's not a flower that decks the vale,
+ There's not a beam that lights the mountain,
+ There's not a shrub that scents the gale,
+ There's not a wind that stirs the fountain,
+ There's not a hue that paints the rose,
+ There's not a leaf around us lying,
+ But in its use or beauty shows
+ God's love to us, and love undying!
+
+
+III.
+
+LIFE-WORK.
+
+To acquire a thorough knowledge of our own hearts and characters, to
+restrain every irregular inclination, to subdue every rebellious
+passion, to purify the motives of our conduct, to form ourselves to that
+temperance which no pleasure can seduce, to that meekness which no
+provocation can ruffle, to that patience which no affliction can
+overwhelm, and that integrity which no interest can shake; _this is the
+task which is assigned to us_,--a task which can not be performed
+without the utmost diligence and care.
+
+
+IV.
+
+HUMILITY.
+
+ The brightest stars are burning suns;
+ The deepest water stillest runs;
+ The laden bee the lowest flies;
+ The richest mine the deepest lies;
+ The stalk that's most replenished,
+ Doth bow the most its modest head.
+ Thus, deep Humility we find
+ The mark of every master-mind;
+ The highest-gifted lowliest bends,
+ And merit meekest condescends,
+ And shuns the fame that fools adore,--
+ That puff that bids a feather soar.
+
+
+V.
+
+BENEFITS OF ADVERSITY.
+
+A smooth sea never made a skillful mariner. Neither do uninterrupted
+prosperity and success qualify man for usefulness or happiness. The
+storms of adversity, like the storms of the ocean, rouse the faculties
+and excite the invention, prudence, skill, and fortitude of the voyager.
+
+
+VI.
+
+OUR MOUNTAIN HOMES.
+
+MRS. S.R.A. BARNES.
+
+ Why turn we to our mountain homes
+ With more than filial feeling?
+ 'Tis _here_ that Freedom's altars rise,
+ And Freedom's sons are kneeling!
+ Why sigh we not for softer climes?
+ Why cling to that which bore us?
+ _'Tis here we tread on Freedom's soil,_
+ _With Freedom's sunshine o'er us!_
+
+
+VII.
+
+MAKE A BEGINNING.
+
+If you do not begin, you will never come to the end. The first weed
+pulled up in the garden, the first seed set in the ground, the first
+dollar put in the savings-bank, and the first mile traveled on a
+journey, are all important things; they make a _beginning_, and thereby
+give a hope, a promise, a pledge, an assurance that you are in earnest
+in what you have undertaken. How many a poor, idle, erring, hesitating
+outcast is now creeping his way through the world, who might have held
+up his head and prospered, if, instead of putting off his resolutions of
+amendment and industry, he had only made a beginning!
+
+
+VIII.
+
+INFLUENCE.
+
+GEORGE W. BUNGAY.
+
+1. Drop follows drop, and swells
+ With rain the sweeping river;
+ Word follows word, and tells
+ A truth that lives forever.
+
+2. Flake follows flake, like sprites
+ Whose wings the winds dissever;
+ Thought follows thought, and lights
+ The realm of mind forever.
+
+3. Beam follows beam to cheer,
+ The cloud a bolt might shiver;
+ Throb follows throb, and fear
+ Gives place to joy forever.
+
+4. The drop, the flake, the beam,
+ Teach us a lesson ever;
+ The word, the thought, the dream
+ Impress the soul forever.
+
+
+IX.
+
+PLEASURE IN ACQUIRING KNOWLEDGE.
+
+CAROLINE F. ORNE.
+
+1. Note the ecstatic joy of the student, who has labored long over a
+problem or proposition, but finally comes to a logical conclusion; who
+has struggled with the misty darkness of his own mind, for a clear view
+of some difficult subject, until the clouds, one after another, have
+dispersed, and he beholds, with his mental vision, in bright and
+glorious light, the conception for which he labored. Think you he would
+exchange his joys for the pleasures of sense'? It is of a higher and
+more ennobling character, and not to be bartered for paltry wealth.
+
+2. What dignity and self-respect invest the man of thought! His very
+looks bespeak of mind. He is approached with deference, as a being of
+higher order in the scale of intelligence,--as one who has a right to
+command and be obeyed. For what moves mind, but mind? A strong
+intellect, coming in contact with one of less energy, will as naturally
+move it, as superior physical strength will overcome the weaker.
+
+
+X.
+
+WHAT IS FAME?
+
+MOTHERWELL.
+
+ What is glory`? What is fame`?
+ The echo of a long-lost name`;
+ A breath`, an idle hour's brief talk`;
+ The shadow of an arrant naught`;
+ A flower that blossoms for a day`,
+ Dying next morrow';
+ A stream that hurries on its way,
+ Singing of sorrow';
+ A fortune that to lose were gain`;
+ A word of praise, perchance of blame`;
+ The wreck of a time-bandied name`--
+ _Ay` this is glory`! this is fame`!_
+
+
+XI.
+
+CULTIVATED INTELLECT.
+
+Ah! well do we all know the worth of intelligence, the power of
+knowledge, and the beauty and glory of wisdom. It is _educated manhood_
+that wakes up the sleeping soil, covers the earth with good, that
+gathers in the golden harvest, that clothes the naked, that feeds the
+hungry. It is the _cultivated mind_ that applies the strength of the ox
+and the fleetness of the horse; that bridges the river, that turns to
+use the flying winds, that makes the lightning its swift messenger, that
+makes beautiful palaces of dull clay, that rouses the dead ore to active
+life, that covers the sea with ships, and the land with mighty engines
+of wealth. It is the _developed intellect_ that flies through the upper
+air, that mingles with the stars, that follows the moon in her course,
+that overtakes the constellations in their orbits, that weighs the sun,
+that measures the distance to the polar star. It is the _enlightened
+soul_ that worships God.
+
+
+XII.
+
+GOD'S WORKS ATTEST HIS GREATNESS.
+
+MRS. OPIE.
+
+1. There's not a leaf within the bower;
+ There's not a bird upon the tree;
+ There's not a dew-drop on the flower,
+ But bears the impress, Lord, of Thee.
+
+2. Thy hand the varied leaf designed,
+ And gave the bird its thrilling tone;
+ Thy power the dewdrop's tints combined,
+ Till like the diamond's blaze they shone.
+
+3. Yes, dewdrops, leaves, and buds, and all
+ The smallest, like the greatest things,--
+ The sea's vast space, the earth's wide ball,
+ Alike proclaim Thee King of kings.
+
+4. But man alone to bounteous Heaven,
+ Thanksgiving's conscious strains can raise;
+ To favored man alone 'tis given
+ To join the angelic choir in praise!
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXVII.
+
+ MO NOT' O NOUS, dull; uniform.
+ HAR POON', barbed spear.
+ AG' I TA TED, disturbed.
+ RE VER' BER ATES, rebounds; re-echoes.
+ WRITHES, twists, or turns in agony.
+ CON TOR' TIONS, twistings; writhings.
+ VE LOC' I TY, swiftness.
+ IG NITES', takes fire.
+ FRIC' TION, rubbing together.
+ COILS, winds into a ring.
+ PRO JECT' ED, thrown out or forward.
+ VO CIF' ER A TED, shouted.
+ IN FU' RI A TED, enraged.
+ UN RE LENT' ING, unfeeling.
+ CON VUL' SIONS, violent spasms.
+ REN COUN' TER, fight; conflict.
+
+
+CAPTURE OF THE WHALE.
+
+1. Let the reader suppose himself on the deck of a South-seaman,
+cruising in the North Pacific ocean. He may be musing over some past
+event, the ship may be sailing gently along over the smooth ocean, every
+thing around solemnly still, with the sun pouring its intense rays with
+dazzling brightness. Suddenly the monotonous quietude is broken by an
+animated voice from the masthead, exclaiming, _"There he spouts!"_
+
+2. The captain starts on deck in an instant, and inquires _"Where
+away?"_ but, perhaps, the next moment every one aloft and on deck, can
+perceive an enormous whale lying about a quarter of a mile from the
+ship, on the surface of the sea, having just come up to breathe,--his
+large "hump" projecting three feet out of the water. At the end of every
+ten seconds, the spout is seen rushing from the fore part of his
+enormous head, followed by the cry of every one on board, who join in
+the chorus of _"There again!"_ keeping time with the duration of the
+spout.
+
+3. But, while they have been looking, a few seconds have expired. They
+rush into the boats, which are directly lowered to receive them; and in
+two minutes from the time of first observing the whale, three or four
+boats are down, and are darting through the water with their utmost
+speed toward their intended victim, perhaps accompanied with a song from
+the headsman, who urges the quick and powerful plying of the oar, with
+the common whaling chant of
+
+ "Away, my boys, away, my boys, 'tis time for us to go."
+
+4. But, while they are rushing along, the whale is breathing; they have
+yet, perhaps, some distance to pull before they can get a chance of
+striking him with the harpoon. His "spoutings are nearly out," he is
+about to descend, or he hears the boats approaching. The few sailors
+left on board, and who are anxiously watching the whale and the gradual
+approach of the boats, exclaim, _"Ah, he is going down!"_ Yet he spouts
+again, but slowly, the water is seen agitated around him; the spectators
+on board with breathless anxiety think they perceive him rising in
+preparation for his descent. _"He will be lost!"_ they exclaim; for the
+boats are not yet near enough to strike him, and the men are still
+bending their oars in each boat with all their strength, to claim the
+honor of the first blow with the harpoon.
+
+5. The bow-boat has the advantage of being the nearest to the whale; the
+others, for fear of disturbing the unconscious monster, are now ordered
+to drop astern. One more spout is seen slowly curling forth,--it is his
+last; but the boat shoots rapidly alongside of the gigantic creature.
+_"Peak your oars!"_ exclaims the mate, and directly they flourish in the
+air; the glistening harpoon is seen above the head of the harpooner. In
+an instant it is darted with unerring force and aim, and is buried
+deeply in the side of the huge animal. It is "socket up;" that is, it is
+buried in his flesh up to the socket which admits the handle or pole of
+the harpoon.
+
+6. A cheer from those in the boats, and from the seamen on board,
+reverberates along the still deep at the same moment. The sea, which a
+moment before was unruffled, now becomes lashed into foam by the immense
+strength of the wounded whale, which, with its vast tail, strikes in all
+directions at his enemies. Now his enormous head rises high into the
+air, then his flukes are seen lashing everywhere, his huge body writhes
+in violent contortions from the agony the harpoon has inflicted. The
+water all around him is a mass of foam, and the sounds of the blows from
+his tail on the surface of the sea, can be heard for miles!
+
+7. _"Stern all!"_ cries the headsman; but the whale suddenly disappears;
+he has "sounded;" the line is running through the groove at the head of
+the boat, with lightning-like velocity; it smokes; it ignites from the
+heat produced by the friction; but the headsman, cool and collected,
+pours water upon it as it passes. But an oar is now held up in their
+boat; it signifies that their line is rapidly running out; two hundred
+fathoms are nearly exhausted; up flies one of the other boats, and
+"bends on" another line, just in time to save that which was nearly
+lost.
+
+8. But still the monster descends; he is seeking to rid himself of his
+enemies by descending deeply into the dark and unknown depths of the
+vast ocean. Two more lines are exhausted,--he is _six hundred fathoms
+deep! "Stand ready to bend on!"_ cries the mate to the fourth boat; (for
+sometimes they take the whole four lines away with them,--_eight hundred
+fathoms!!_) but, it is not required, he is rising. _"Haul in the
+slack!"_ observes the headsman, while the boat-steerer coils it again
+carefully into the tubs as it is drawn up.
+
+9. The whale is now seen approaching the surface; the gurgling and
+bubbling water which rises, proclaims that he is near; his nose starts
+from the sea; the rushing spout is projected high and suddenly, from his
+agitation. The slack of the line is now coiled in the tubs, and those in
+the fast boat, haul themselves gently toward the whale. The boat-steerer
+places the headsman close to the fin of the trembling animal, who
+immediately buries his long lance in the vitals of the leviathan, while,
+at the same moment, those in one of the other boats, dart another
+harpoon into his opposite side. Then, _"Stern all!"_ is again
+vociferated, and the boats shoot rapidly away from the danger.
+
+10. Mad with the agony which he endures from these fresh attacks, the
+infuriated "sea monster" rolls over and over, and coils an amazing
+length of line around him. He rears his enormous head, and, with
+wide-expanded jaws, snaps at every thing around him. He rushes at the
+boats with his head,--they are propelled before him with vast swiftness,
+and sometimes utterly destroyed.
+
+11. He is lanced again,--and his pain appears more than he can bear. He
+throws himself, in his agony, completely out of his element; the boats
+are violently jerked, by which one of the lines is snapped asunder; at
+the same time the other boat is upset, and its crew are swimming for
+their lives. The whale is now free! he passes along the surface with
+remarkable swiftness, "going head out;" but the two boats that have not
+yet "fastened," and are fresh and free, now give chase.
+
+12. The whale becomes exhausted from the blood which flows from his deep
+and dangerous wounds, and the two hundred fathoms of line belonging to
+the overturned boat, which he is dragging after him through the water,
+checks him in his course; his pursuers again overtake him, and another
+harpoon is darted and buried deeply in his flesh.
+
+13. The fatal lance is, at length, given; the blood gushes from the
+nostrils of the unfortunate animal in a thick, black stream, which
+stains the clear blue water of the ocean to a considerable distance
+around the scene of the affray. The immense creature may now again
+endeavor to "sound," to escape from his unrelenting pursuers; but he is
+powerless. He soon rises to the surface, and passes slowly along until
+the death-pang seizes him, when his appearance is awful in the extreme.
+
+14. Suffering from suffocation, or from the stoppage of some important
+organ, the whole strength of his enormous frame is set in motion, for a
+few seconds, when his convulsions throw him into a hundred different
+contortions of the most violent description, by which the sea is beaten
+into foam, and boats are sometimes crushed to atoms, with their crews.
+
+15. But this violent action being soon over, the now unconscious animal
+passes rapidly along, describing in his rapid course the segment of a
+circle; this is his "flurry," which ends in his sudden dissolution. The
+mighty rencounter is finished. The gigantic animal rolls over on his
+side, and floats an inanimate mass on the surface of the crystal
+deep,--a victim to the tyranny and selfishness, as well as a wonderful
+proof of the _great power of the mind of man_.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. How are whales generally discovered? 2. Why do they come
+to the surface of the water? 3. How far do they sometimes descend in the
+ocean? 4. Describe the manner in which they are captured.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXVIII.
+
+ A'ER O NAUT, one who sails in the air.
+ RE DOUB LED, repeated.
+ MAG NIF I CENT, grand; splendid.
+ EL' E VA TED, raised; excited.
+ GON' DO LA, small boat.
+ BE GIRT', surrounded.
+ RO TA RY, turning; revolving.
+ IN TEN' SI TY, extreme degree.
+ A' ER OS TAT, air-balloon.
+ IN TER MI NA BLE, boundless.
+ VA' RI E GA TED, diversified; varied.
+ VERG' ING, tending; inclining.
+ OB LIQUE' LY, slantingly.
+ RES PI RA' TION, act of breathing.
+ ZE' NITH, point in the heavens directly over head.
+ MAN' DI BLES, jaws.
+ EU ROC' LY DON, tempestuous wind.
+
+
+LEAVES FROM AN AERONAUT.
+
+WILLIS GAYLORD CLARK.
+
+1. My hour had now come, and I entered the car. With a singular taste,
+the band struck up, at this moment, the melting air of "Sweet Home." It
+almost overcame me. A thousand associations of youth, friends, of all
+that I must leave, rushed upon my mind. But I had no leisure for
+sentiment. A buzz ran through the assemblage; unnumbered hands were
+clapping, unnumbered hearts beating high; and _I_ was the cause. Every
+eye was upon me. There was pride in the thought.
+
+2. "Let go!" was the word. The cheers redoubled; handkerchiefs waved
+from many a fair hand; bright faces beamed from every window, and on
+every side. One dash with my knife, and I rose aloft, a habitant of air.
+How magnificent was the sight which now burst upon me! How sublime were
+my sensations! I waved the flag of my country; the cheers of the
+multitude from a thousand housetops, reached me on the breeze; and a
+taste of the rarer atmosphere elevated my spirits into ecstasy.
+
+3. The city, with a brilliant sunshine striking the spires and domes,
+now unfolded to view a sight incomparably beautiful. My gondola went
+easily upward, cleaving the depths of heaven like a vital thing. A
+diagram placed before you, on the table, could not permit you to trace
+more definitely than I now could, the streets, the highways, basins,
+wharves, and squares of the town. The hum of the city arose to my ear,
+as from a vast bee-hive; and I seemed the monarch-bee, directing the
+swarm.
+
+4. I heard the rattling of carriages, the hearty _yo-heavo-s!_ of
+sailors from the docks that, begirt with spars, hemmed the city round. I
+was a spectator of all, yet aloof, and alone. Increasing stillness
+attended my way; and, at last, the murmurs of earth came to my ear like
+the vast vibrations of a bell. My car tilted and trembled, as I rose. A
+swift wind sometimes gave the balloon a rotary motion, which made me
+deathly sick for a moment; but strong emotion conquered all my physical
+ailings.
+
+5. My brain ached with the intensity of my rapture. Human sounds had
+fainted from my ear. I was in the abyss of heaven, and _alone_ with my
+God. I could tell my direction by the sun on my left; and, as his rays
+played on the aerostat, it seemed only a bright bubble, wavering in the
+sky, and I, a suspended mote, hung by chance to its train. Looking below
+me, the distant Sound and Long Island appeared to the east; the bay lay
+to the south, sprinkled with shipping; under me, the city, girded with
+bright rivers and sparry forests.
+
+6. The free wind was on my cheek, and in my locks; afar, the ocean
+rolled its long, blue waves, checkered with masses of shadow, and gushes
+of ruby sunlight; to the north and west, the interminable land,
+variegated like a map, dotted with purple, and green, and silver, faded
+to the eye. The atmosphere which I now breathed, seemed to dilate my
+heart at every breath. I uttered some audible expressions. My voice was
+weaker than the faintest sound of a reed. There was no object near to
+make it reverb or echo.
+
+7. My barometer now denoted an immense hight; and, as I looked upward
+and around, the concave above seemed like a mighty waste of purple air,
+verging to blackness. Below, it was lighter; but a long, lurid bar of
+cloud stretched along the west, temporarily excluding the sun. The
+shadows rushed afar into the void, and a solemn, Sabbath twilight
+reigned around. I was now startled by a fluttering in my gondola. It was
+my carrier-pigeon. I had forgotten him entirely. I attached a string to
+his neck, with a label, announcing my hight, then nearly four miles, and
+the state of the barometer.
+
+8. As he sat on the side of the car, and turned his tender eyes upon me
+in mute supplication, every feather shivering with apprehension, I felt
+that it was a guilty act to push him into the waste beneath. But it was
+done; he attempted to rise, but I out-sped him; he then fell obliquely,
+fluttering and moaning, till I lost him in the haze. My greatest
+altitude had not yet been reached. I was now five miles from _terra
+firma_. [Footnote: Solid earth.] I began to breathe with difficulty. The
+atmosphere was too rare for safe respiration.
+
+9. I pulled my valve-cord to descend. It refused to obey my hand. For a
+moment I was horror-struck. What was to be done? If I ascended much
+higher, the balloon would explode. I threw over some tissue paper to
+test my progress. It is well known that this will _rise_ very swiftly.
+It _fell_, as if blown downward by a wind from the zenith. I was going
+upward like an arrow. I attempted to pray, but my parched lips could not
+move. I seized the cord again, with desperate energy. Blessed Heaven! it
+moved.
+
+10. I threw out more tissue. It rose to me like a wing of joy. I was
+descending. Though far from sunset, it was now dark about me, except a
+track of blood-red haze in the direction of the sun. I encountered a
+strong current of wind; mist was about me; it lay like dew upon my coat.
+At last, a thick bar of vapor being past, what a scene was disclosed! A
+storm was sweeping through the sky, nearly a mile beneath; and I looked
+down upon an ocean of rainbows, rolling in indescribable grandeur, to
+the music of the thunder-peal, as it moaned afar and near, on the coming
+and dying wind.
+
+11. A frightened eagle had ascended through the tempest, and sailed for
+minutes by my side, looking at me with panting weariness, and quivering
+mandibles, but with a dilated eye, whose keen iris flashed unsubdued.
+Proud emblem of my country! As he fanned me with his heavy wing, and
+looked with a human intelligence at the car, my pulse bounded with
+exulting rapture. Like the genius of my native land, he had risen above
+every storm, unfettered and FREE.
+
+12. But my transports were soon at an end. He attempted to light on the
+balloon, and my heart sunk; I feared his huge claws would tear the silk.
+I pulled my cord; he rose, as I sank, and the blast swept him from my
+view in a moment. A flock of wild-fowl, beat by the storm, were coursing
+below, on bewildered pinions; and, as I was nearing them, I knew I was
+descending. A breaking rift now admitted the sun. The rainbows tossed
+and gleamed; chains of fleecy rack, shining in prismatic rays of gold,
+and purple, and emerald, "beautiful exceedingly," spread on every hand.
+
+13. Vast curtains of clouds pavilioned the immensity, brighter than
+celestial roses; masses of mist were lifted on high, like strips of
+living fire, more radiant than the sun himself, when his glorious
+noontide culminates from the equator. A kind of aërial Euroclydon now
+smote my car, and three of the cords parted, which tilted my gondola to
+the side, filling me with terror. I caught the broken cords in my hand,
+but could not tie them.
+
+14. The storm below was now rapidly passing away, and beneath its waving
+outline, to the south-east, I saw the ocean. Ships were speeding on
+their course, and their bright sails melting into distance; a rainbow
+hung afar; and the rolling anthems of the Atlantic came like celestial
+hymnings to my ear. Presently all was clear below me. The fresh air
+played around. I had taken a noble circuit; and my last view was better
+than the first, I was far over the bay, "afloating sweetly to the west."
+The city, colored by the last blaze of day, brightened remotely to the
+view.
+
+15. Below, ships were hastening to and fro through the Narrows, and the
+far country lay smiling like an Eden. Bright rivers ran like ribbons of
+gold and silver, till they were lost in the vast inland, stretching
+beyond the view; the gilded mountains were flinging their purple shadows
+over many a vale; bays were blushing to the farewell day-beams; and now
+I was passing over a green island. I sailed to the mainland; saw the
+tall, old trees waving to the evening breeze; heard the rural lowing of
+herds, and the welcome sound of human voices; and, finally, sweeping
+over forest-tops and embowered villages, at last, descended with the
+sun, among a kind-hearted, surprised, and hospitable community, in as
+pretty a town as one could desire to see, "safe and well."
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What demonstrations were made by the people as the
+aeronaut began to ascend? 2. How did the city and other objects appear
+to him? 3. What could he hear? 4. Describe the appearance of the ocean.
+5. What did he do with his carrier-pigeon? 6. How high did he ascend?
+7. Describe his descent. 8. What is said about the eagle that came near
+him? 9. Describe the appearance of the clouds beneath him.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXIX.
+
+ BOUN' TY, charity; favor.
+ FRU' GAL, prudent; economical.
+ FLOUR' ISH ED, thrived; prospered.
+ DIS CHARG' ED, performed.
+ BREED' ING, education.
+ EM BRAC' ED, accepted.
+ MAIN TAIN' ED, supported.
+ TRUDG' ED, traveled.
+ BE GUIL' ED, amused.
+ LE' GAL, lawful.
+ TWAIN, two.
+ BE WITCH' ING, charming.
+ YOUNK' ER, lad; youngster.
+ MED' I TA TIVE, thoughtful.
+ PRO VOK' ED, (PRO, _forward, forth_; VOKED, _called_;) called
+ forth; excited.
+ IN CLUDE', (IN, _in_; CLUDE, _shut_;) shut in; inclose.
+ IN SERT', (IN, _in_; SERT, _join, set_;) join, or set in; put in.
+
+
+THE DAPPLE MARE.
+
+JOHN G. SAXE.
+
+ 1. "Once on a time," as ancient tales declare,
+ There lived a farmer in a quiet dell
+ In Massachusetts, but exactly where,
+ Or when, is really more than I can tell,--
+ Except that quite above the public bounty,
+ He lived within his means and Bristol county.
+
+ 2. By patient labor and unceasing care,
+ He earned, and so enjoyed, his daily bread;
+ Contented always with his frugal fare,
+ Ambition to be rich ne'er vexed his head;
+ And thus unknown to envy, want, or wealth,
+ He flourished long in comfort, peace, and health.
+
+ 3. The gentle partner of his humble lot,
+ The joy and jewel of his wedded life,
+ Discharged the duties of his peaceful cot,
+ Like a true woman and a faithful wife;
+ Her mind improved by thought and useful reading,
+ Kind words and gentle manners showed her breeding.
+
+ 4. Grown old, at last, the farmer called his son,
+ The youngest, (and the favorite I suppose,) And said,--
+ "I long have thought, my darling John,
+ 'Tis time to bring my labors to a close;
+ So now to toil I mean to bid adieu,
+ And deed, my son, the homestead-farm to you."
+
+ 5. The boy embraced the boon with vast delight,
+ And promised, while their precious lives remained,
+ He'd till and tend the farm from morn till night,
+ And see his parents handsomely maintained;
+ God help him, he would never fail to love, nor
+ Do aught to grieve his gen'rous old gov'nor.
+
+ 6. The farmer said,--"Well, let us now proceed,
+ (You know there's always danger in delay,)
+ And get 'Squire Robinson to write the deed;
+ Come,--where's my staff?--we'll soon be on the way."
+ But John replied, with tender, filial care,
+ "You're old and weak--I'll catch the Dapple Mare."
+
+ 7. The mare was saddled, and the old man got on,
+ The boy on foot trudged cheerfully along,
+ The while, to cheer his sire, the duteous son
+ Beguiled the weary way with talk and song.
+ Arrived, at length, they found the 'Squire at home,
+ And quickly told him wherefore they had come.
+
+ 8. The deed was writ in proper form of law,
+ With many a "foresaid," "therefore," and "the same,"
+ And made throughout without mistake or flaw,
+ To show that John had now a legal claim
+ To all his father's land--conveyed, given, sold,
+ Quit-claimed, et cetera,[Footnote 1]--to have and hold.
+
+ 9. Their business done, they left the lawyer's door,
+ Happier, perhaps, than when they entered there;
+ And started off as they had done before,--
+ The son on foot, the father on the mare.
+ But ere the twain a single mile had gone,
+ A brilliant thought occurred to Master John.
+
+10. Alas for truth!--alas for filial duty!--
+ Alas that Satan in the shape of pride,
+ (His most bewitching form save that of beauty,)
+ Whispered the lad--"My boy, you ought to ride!"
+ "Get off!" exclaimed the younker--"'t isn't fair
+ That you should always ride the Dapple Mare!"
+
+11. The son was lusty, and the sire was old,
+ And so, with many an oath and many a frown,
+ The hapless father did as he was told;
+ The man got off the steed, the boy got on,
+ And rode away as fast as she could trot,
+ And left his sire to trudge it home on foot!
+
+12. That night, while seated round the kitchen fire
+ The household sat, cheerful as if no word
+ Or deed, provoked the injured father's ire,
+ Or aught to make him sad had e'er occurred,--
+ Thus spoke he to his son: "We quite forgot,
+ I think, t'include that little turnip lot!"
+
+13. "I'm very sure, my son, it wouldn't hurt it,"
+ Calmly observed the meditative sire,
+ "To take the deed, my lad, and just insert it;"
+ Here the old man inserts it--_in the fire!_
+ Then cries aloud with most triumphant air,
+ "Who now, my son, shall ride the Dapple Mare?"
+
+[Footnote 1: And so forth.]
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What proposition did the father make to his son? 2. What
+did the son promise to do? 3. How did the son treat his father after he
+got the deed? 4. What did the old gentleman do?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXX.
+
+ HARD' I HOOD, bravery.
+ MAIN TRUCK, small cap at the top of a flagstaff or masthead.
+ A GHAST', horrified.
+ GROUPS, clusters; crowds.
+ PAL' LID, pale.
+ LU' RID, dismal; gloomy.
+ HUE, color.
+ RIV' ET TED, firmly fixed.
+ FOLD' ED, embraced; clasped.
+
+
+A LEAP FOR LIFE.
+
+GEORGE P. MORRIS.
+
+1. Old Ironsides at anchor lay,
+(sl.) In the harbor of Mahon [Footnote 1];
+ A dead calm rested on the bay,--
+ The waves to sleep had gone,--
+ When little Jack,[Footnote 2] the captain's son,
+ With gallant hardihood,
+ Climbed shroud and spar,--and then upon
+ The main-truck rose and stood!
+
+2. A shudder ran through every vein,--
+ All eyes were turned on high!
+ There stood the boy, with dizzy brain,
+ Between the sea and sky!
+ No hold had he above,--below,
+ Alone he stood in air!
+ At that far hight none dared to go,--
+ No aid could reach him there.
+
+3. We gazed,--but not a man could speak;
+ With horror all aghast,
+ In groups, with pallid brow and cheek,
+ We watched the quivering mast!
+ The atmosphere grew thick and hot,
+ And of a lurid hue,
+ As, riveted unto the spot,
+ Stood officers and crew.
+
+4. The father came on deck. He gasped,
+ "O God, Thy will be done!"
+ Then suddenly a rifle grasped,
+ And aimed it at his son!
+ "Jump far out, boy, into the wave!
+ Jump, or I fire!" he said.
+ "That only chance your life can save:
+('') Jump! jump, boy!" He obeyed.
+
+5. He sank,--he rose,--he lived,--he moved,--
+ He for the ship struck out!
+ On board we hailed the lad beloved
+ With many a manly shout.
+ His father drew, in silent joy,
+ Those wet arms round his neck,
+ Then folded to his heart the boy,
+ And fainted on the deck!
+
+[Footnote 1: MA HON', (_Ma hone_,) a sea-port town on the island of
+Minorca, in the Mediterranean Sea.]
+
+[Footnote 2: A name commonly applied to a young sailor.]
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What did the captain's son do, on board the Ironsides? 2.
+Describe his situation. 3. What is said of the officers and crew? 4.
+What did the father say and do? 5. What did the boy do?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXXI.
+
+ COM MIN' GLE, mix or unite.
+ PE DES' TRI AN, traveler on foot.
+ PROM' I NENT, important.
+ TRAG' lC, fatal; mournful.
+ NAR RATE', tell; relate.
+ YORE, olden time.
+ WI' LY, craft; cunning.
+ RE LENT' LESS, hard-hearted; cruel.
+ WIG' WAM, Indian hut or cabin.
+ EM BARK' ED, went aboard.
+ TWANG, quick, sharp sound.
+ SPA' CIOUS, large; capacious.
+ WA' RI LY, cautiously.
+ MYS TE' RI OUS LY, strangely.
+ OM' IN OUS, foreboding ill.
+ IM PLA' CA BLE, relentless.
+ UN TRACE' A BLE, (UN, _not_; TRACE, _mark_; ABLE, _that can be_;)
+ that can not be marked, or traced; not found out.
+
+
+THE INDIAN BRIDE'S REVENGE.
+
+L.M. STOWELL.
+
+1. In the State of New York, where the dark, foaming waters of the Black
+River, after roaring and surging through many pleasant fields, beautiful
+groves, and dense woodlands, commingle with the clear, cold waters of
+Lake Ontario, the wandering pedestrian or the lone fisherman may see,
+resting upon a gravelly flat, the remains of an _old Indian canoe_,
+whose once beautiful proportions, now untraceable in its rottenness,
+bore a prominent part in the tragic event I am about to narrate.
+
+2. Through these pleasant valleys, among the broken hills, and in the
+majestic forests, of yore, the wily Indian and his dusky mate, held
+undisputed possession; and many are the incidents, yet unwritten, of
+tragic and thrilling interest, that transpired around the red men's
+camp-fire, ere the white man disturbed their forest homes.
+
+3. Si öus' ka, or the "Wild Flower," was the daughter of a powerful
+chief of the Onondagas, and the only being ever known to turn the
+relentless old chief from a savage purpose. Something of this influence
+was owing to her great beauty; but more to the gentleness of which that
+beauty was the emblem. Her downcast eye, her trembling lip, her quiet,
+submissive motion, all bespoke its language; and many were the young
+chieftains that sought to win her affections.
+
+4. Among her admirers were two young chiefs of the Oneidas, with whom
+the Onondagas were on the most friendly terms. Si öus' ka's father, in
+order to cherish the friendly feeling of the two tribes, and, at the
+same time, strengthen his power, besought her to accept the more
+powerful chief, "Eagle Eye." He did not plead in vain; for she had long
+loved the young Oneida.
+
+5. One bright sunny morning, in early spring, as the old chief was out
+hunting, the young Oneida crossed his path, upon which the old man
+advanced, and, laying his hand upon his shoulder, pointed to the
+dwelling of Si öus' ka. Not a word was spoken. The proud old man and the
+strong, young chief proceeded toward her wigwam, and entered together.
+
+6. Si öus' ka was seated in one corner, engaged upon some fancy
+basket-work, and did not notice their approach until they had entered.
+The old chief looked upon her with an expression of love, which his
+stern countenance never wore except in her presence. "Siöus'ka," he said
+in a subdued tone, "Go to the wigwam of the Oneida, that your father's
+tribe may be strengthened, and many moons may shine upon their peace and
+prosperity."
+
+7. There was mingled joy and modesty in the upward glance of the "Wild
+Flower" of the Onondagas, and, when the young chief saw the light of her
+mild eye suddenly and timidly vailed by its deeply-fringed lid, he knew
+that her love had lost none of its power. The marriage song was soon
+sung in the royal wigwam, in which the sweet voice of Siöus'ka was
+happily heard to mingle.
+
+8. When the rejected chief of the Oneidas heard that the "Wild Flower"
+had mated with the "Eagle Eye," his wrath knew no bounds, and he
+secretly resolved upon revenge. Two years passed away, and, as yet, no
+good opportunity had arrived; for he dared not attack "Eagle Eye" in
+open conflict, for fear of his superior powers; and, assassin-like, he
+sought to give the blow unperceived.
+
+9. At length, the spring came, and a number of the tribe prepared to
+visit Lake Ontario, on a fishing and hunting excursion. Among the number
+who went, were the "Eagle Eye," Siöus'ka, and their little boy. They
+were obliged to carry their light, birchen canoes from home, and these
+were packed with the necessary tackle, skins for beds, &c. The strong
+men of the party carried the canoes on their shoulders, and the women
+the smaller articles of furniture.
+
+10. They had advanced across the country, until they reached the Black
+River, and, by carrying their canoes around falls and rapids, gently
+floated down the stream till they reached the great falls, about six
+miles from the Lake. Here they halted for the night, and encamped about
+half a mile above the falls.
+
+11. The morning came; and, as the first beam of the rising sun pierced
+the forest shade, the party again embarked in their canoes for the mouth
+of the river, the gaudy canoe of Si öus' ka, which her father had given
+her, taking the lead. They had scarcely started from the shore, ere the
+sharp twang of a bow-string was heard from the shore, and an unerring
+arrow pierced the heart of "Eagle Eye." He fell over the side of the
+canoe, and was swept by the current over the great falls.
+
+12. The party immediately started in pursuit of the coward murderer; but
+they sought in vain. His hiding-place was too sure,--he had taken refuge
+in a cave, the entrance of which was hid from observation by a thick
+clump of cedars. Here he remained till he was certain the company had
+departed. This cave is still there, and I have often been in its many
+chambers,--some of which are very spacious.
+
+13. The fatal shaft was winged from the bow of the revenged Oneida
+chief. Having been apprised of the expedition, he had warily dogged the
+steps of the party, until a favorable opportunity presented itself, and
+then satisfied his secret longing for revenge upon the enemy, whom he
+did not dare to attack even-handed. The party sought him far and near;
+but, as no trace of any one could be found, they imagined, with
+superstitious fear, that the "Great Spirit" had thus summoned "Eagle
+Eye" to the "Spirit's Hunting Ground."
+
+14. When they returned to their canoes, no traces of Si öus' ka and her
+child were to be found. They, too, had mysteriously disappeared, and the
+whole party, with ominous silence, hastened around the falls, and away
+from the fearful place. When Si ous' ka saw the fatal shaft pierce her
+companion, with, a fearful shriek she fell into the bottom of the canoe,
+hid herself in the furs, and immediately her reason forsook her.
+
+15. When she recovered, she found that her canoe, urged on by the
+current, had floated into a large cave, and was firmly wedged in between
+two rocks; and her little boy, with his bow and arrow in his hand, was
+quietly sleeping by her side. Dislodging the canoe, she plied the oars,
+and was soon outside the cave.
+
+16. On finding her people had left her, she sought the shore, and,
+fastening the canoe, proceeded below the falls, where she found the body
+of the ill-fated "Eagle Eye," where it had washed ashore. With
+superhuman strength, she bore the mangled body to a thick grove of
+cedars, and, with her own hands, dug a rude grave, and covered his
+remains with dried leaves and earth. That night she kept her lonely
+watch beside the grave of all that she held dear on earth, save her boy,
+intending to follow the party on the morrow.
+
+17. The morning came, and the mid-day sun began to descend toward the
+western hills, ere she left the grave of the murdered chief. But, at
+length, she sorrowfully departed; and, on arriving where she moored the
+canoe the day before, what was her surprise to see the murderer of her
+husband, quietly sleeping upon the skins where last "Eagle Eye" had
+reposed, in the bow of the canoe.
+
+18. From that moment Si öus' ka was changed. Her quiet, submissive air
+immediately gave place to fierce sternness, and the eye that had always
+beamed with the smile of love, shot forth flashes of bitter hate and
+passion, implacable as the most bloodthirsty of her tribe. Noiselessly
+throwing the oars from the boat, with a wild shriek, she quickly swung
+it around into the rapidly rolling current, and it was hurried toward
+the brink of that awful cataract, over which no living being had ever
+passed alive.
+
+19. The young chief, awakened by that fearful, exulting cry of revenge,
+and seeing the peril of his situation, leaped from the bark that was
+hurrying him to sure destruction, and vainly sought to gain the shore.
+After struggling with the swift tide for a moment, in which he was
+carried nearer and nearer the awful brink, he turned, and, with a wild,
+unearthly yell, plunged over, and the boiling waters only responded to
+his death-wail, as he sunk to rise no more, and his spirit joined that
+of his victim in the "Spirit Land."
+
+20. After the gentle "Wild Flower" had avenged the death of the "Eagle
+Eye," she returned to her father's wigwam, and spent the remainder of
+her life to the memory of her heart's first devotion. The canoe, all
+battered and broken, floated to the mouth of the river, bottom side up,
+where it was seen by one of the party while fishing, drawn to the shore,
+and left to decay. The party supposed that "Eagle Eye," Siöus'ka, and
+her child, had all perished in some mysterious manner.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Who was Siöus'ka? 2. Who became her husband? 3. What
+effect had her marriage upon the rejected Oneida chief? 4. In what way
+did he seek revenge? 5. How did Siöus'ka avenge the death of her
+husband?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXXII.
+
+ EN TER TAIN' ED, had; harbored.
+ PE CUL IAR' I TY, something special.
+ CHA GRIN'ED, (_sha grin'ed_,) vexed.
+ MOR' TI FI ED, hurt in feeling.
+ OUT STRIP', go beyond; excel.
+ RI' VAL RY, emulation.
+ RE VERS' ES, troubles; difficulties.
+ IN VIG' OR A TED, made strong.
+ DES O LA' TION, waste; ruin.
+ REF' UGE, shelter; protection.
+ SYM' PA THIZ ED, (SYM, _with_; PATH, _feeling_; IZE, _make, have_;
+ ED, _did_;) did have feeling with. See Note on the suffix IZE,
+ p. 132 of the ANALYSIS.
+
+[Headnote 1: SIS' ER A, captain of the army of the Canaanitish king,
+Jabin. He was utterly defeated by Barak. Fleeing on foot, he took refuge
+in the tent of Jael, wife of Heber. There, while asleep, Jael drove a
+nail through his temples, and so he died. His mother, finding he did not
+return from the battle, "looked out at a window, and cried through the
+lattice, Why is his chariot so long in coming?" Read 4th and 5th
+chapters of Judges.]
+
+
+A MOTHER'S LOVE.
+
+ALBERT BARNES.
+
+1. Many of us who are advanced beyond the period of childhood, went out
+from home to embark on the stormy sea of life. Of the feelings of a
+father, and of his interest in our welfare, we have never entertained a
+doubt, and our home was dear because he was there; but there was a
+peculiarity in the feeling that it was the home of our mother. Where
+_she_ lived, there was a place that we felt was _home_. There was _one
+place_ where we would always be welcome, _one place_ where we would be
+met with a smile, _one place_ where we would be sure of a friend.
+
+2. The world might be indifferent to us. We might be unsuccessful in our
+studies or our business. The new friends which we supposed we had made,
+might prove to be false. The honor which we thought we deserved, might
+be withheld from us. We might be chagrined and mortified by seeing a
+rival outstrip us, and bear away the prize which we sought. But there
+_was_ a place where no feelings of rivalry were found, and where those
+whom the world overlooked, would be sure of a friendly greeting. Whether
+pale and wan by study, care, or sickness, or flushed with health and
+flattering success, we were _sure_ that we should be welcome there.
+
+3. Though the world was cold toward us, yet there was _one_ who always
+rejoiced in our success, and always was affected in our reverses; and
+there was a _place_ to which we might go back from the storm which began
+to pelt us, where we might rest, and become encouraged and invigorated
+for a new conflict. So have I seen a bird, in its first efforts to fly,
+leave its nest, and stretch its wings, and go forth to the wide world.
+But the wind blew it back, and the rain began to fall, and the darkness
+of night began to draw on, and there was no shelter abroad, and it
+sought its way back to its nest, to take shelter beneath its mother's
+wings, and to be refreshed for the struggles of a new day; but then it
+flew away to think of its nest and its mother no more.
+
+4. But not thus did we leave our home when we bade adieu to it to go
+forth alone to the manly duties of life. Even amidst the storms that
+then beat upon us, and the disappointments that we met with, and the
+coldness of the world, we felt still that there _was one_ who
+sympathized in our troubles, as well as rejoiced in our success, and
+that, whatever might be abroad, when we entered the door of her
+dwelling, we should be met with a smile. We expected that a mother, like
+the mother of Sisera [Headnote 1], as she "looked out at her window,"
+waiting for the coming of her son laden with the spoils of victory,
+would look out for _our_ coming, and that _our_ return would renew her
+joy and ours in our earlier days.
+
+5. It makes a sad desolation when, from such a place, a mother is taken
+away, and when, whatever may be the sorrows or the successes in life,
+she is to greet the returning son or daughter no more. The home of our
+childhood may be still lovely. The old family mansion--the green
+fields--the running stream--the moss-covered well--the trees--the
+lawn--the rose--the sweet-brier--may be there. Perchance, too, there may
+be an aged father, with venerable locks, sitting in his loneliness, with
+every thing to command respect and love; but she is not there. Her
+familiar voice is not heard. The mother has been borne forth to sleep by
+the side of her children who went before her, and the place is not what
+it was.
+
+6. There may be those there whom we much love; but _she_ is not there.
+We may have formed new relations in life, tender and strong as they can
+be; we may have another home, dear to us as was the home of our
+childhood, where there is all in affection, kindness, and religion, to
+make us happy; but _that_ home is not what it was, and it will _never_
+be what it was again. It is a loosening of one of the cords which bound
+us to earth, designed to prepare us for our eternal flight from every
+thing dear here below, and to teach us that there is _no_ place here,
+that is to be our permanent home.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What renders home doubly endearing? 2. Where are we
+always welcome? 3. Who always rejoices in our successes, and is affected
+in our reverses? 4. Who was Sisera, and what account is given of him?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXXIII.
+
+ UN SPOT' TED, pure; unstained.
+ FAL' TER, fail.
+ TRA' CER Y, traces; impressions.
+ IM' PRESS, mark: stamp.
+ DO MIN' ION, authority; predominance.
+ SHRINK, withdraw.
+ PUR SU' ING, following.
+ STERN ER, harsher; more rigid.
+ DE FY', dare; challenge.
+ WHO' SO, any person whatever.
+ TO' KEN, sign; indication.
+ BROTH' ER HOOD, fraternity.
+
+
+THE LIFE-BOOK.
+
+HOME JOURNAL.
+
+1. Write, mother, write!
+ A new, unspotted book of life before thee,
+ Thine is the hand to trace upon its pages
+ The first few characters, to live in glory,
+ Or live in shame, through long, unending ages!
+ Write, mother, write!
+ Thy hand, though woman's, must not faint nor falter:
+ The lot is on thee,--nerve thee then with care,--
+ A _mother's tracery_ time may never alter;
+ Be its first impress, then, the breath of prayer!
+ Write, mother, write!
+
+2. Write, father, write!
+ Take thee a pen plucked from an eagle's pinion,
+ And write _immortal actions_ for thy son;
+ Teach him that man forgets man's high dominion,
+ Creeping on earth, leaving _great deeds_ undone!
+ Write, father, write!
+ Leave on his life-book a fond father's blessing,
+ To shield him 'mid temptation, toil, and sin.
+ And he shall go to glory's field, possessing
+ _Strength to contend, and confidence to win_.
+ Write, father, write!
+
+3. Write, sister, write!
+ Nay, shrink not, for a sister's love is holy!
+ Write words the angels whisper in thine ears,--
+ No bud of sweet affection, howe'er lowly,
+ But planted here, will bloom in after years.
+ Write, sister, write!
+ Something to cheer him, his rough way pursuing,
+ For manhood's lot is sterner far than ours;
+ He may not pause,--he must be up and doing,
+ Whilst thou sitt'st idly, dreaming among flowers.
+ Write, sister, write!
+
+4. Write, brother, write!
+ Strike a bold blow upon those kindred pages,--
+ Write; shoulder to shoulder, brother, we will go;
+ Heart linked to heart, though wild the conflict rages,
+ We will defy the battle and the foe.
+ Write, brother, write!
+ We who have trodden boyhood's path together,
+ Beneath the summer's sun and winter's sky,
+ What matter if life brings us some foul weather,
+ We may be stronger than adversity!
+ Write, brother, write!
+
+5. Fellow immortal, write!
+ One GOD reigns in the Heavens,--there is no other,--
+ And _all mankind are brethren_--thus 'tis spoken,--
+ And whoso aids a sorrowing, struggling brother,
+ By kindly word, or deed, or friendly token,
+ Shall win the favor of our heavenly Father,
+ Who judges evil, and rewards the good,
+ And who hath linked the race of man together,
+ In one vast, universal brotherhood!
+ Fellow immortal, write!
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What may the mother write in the Life-Book? 2. What, the
+father? 3. What, the sister? 4. What, the brother? 5. What may all
+write?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXXIV.
+
+ ODE, short poem.
+ PA TER' NAL, coming by inheritance.
+ AT TIRE', clothing; raiment.
+ UN CON CERN' ED LY, without care.
+ REC RE A' TION, amusement.
+ IN' NO CENCE, freedom from guilt.
+ MED I TA' TION, contemplation.
+ UN LA MENT' ED, unmourned.
+
+
+ODE ON SOLITUDE.
+
+POPE.
+
+Written when the author was twelve years of age.
+
+1. Happy the man whose wish and care
+ A few paternal acres bound,
+ Content to breathe his native air
+ In his own ground.
+
+2. Whose herds with milk, whose fields with bread,
+ Whose flocks supply him with attire;
+ Whose trees in summer yield him shade,
+ In winter fire.
+
+3. Blest who can unconcern'dly find
+ Hours, days, and years glide soft away,
+ In health of body, peace of mind,
+ Quiet by day.
+
+4. Sound sleep by night; study and ease,
+ Together mixed; sweet recreation;
+ And innocence, which most doth please
+ With meditation.
+
+5. Thus let me live, unseen, unknown;
+ Thus unlamented let me die;
+ Steal from the world, and not a stone
+ Tell where I lie.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Who, did the writer think, were happy? 2. How did he wish
+to live and die? 3. Analyse the word _recreation_, (RE _back_; CREATION,
+_act of bringing into life_;) act of bringing back to life; a reviving.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXXV.
+
+ AD MI RA' TION, esteem.
+ FRA TER' NAL, brotherly.
+ IN SIG NIF' I CANCE, worthlessness.
+ CRIT' IC AL, perilous.
+ THOR' OUGH LY, completely; fully.
+ COM PRE HEND', understand.
+ CON VIC' TION, strong belief.
+ COM PE TI' TION, strife; rivalry.
+ EM U LA' TION, competition.
+ IN TRIN' SIC AL LY, really; truly.
+ AP PRE' CI ATE, value; esteem.
+ BRAWN, physical strength.
+ PIN' NA CLE, summit; highest point.
+ SIN' U OUS, winding; bending.
+ LE GIT' I MATE, lawful.
+ REQ' UI SITE, necessary.
+ CON SER VA' TION, act of keeping.
+ DE VEL' OP MENT, training.
+
+
+GETTING THE RIGHT START.
+
+J.G. HOLLAND.
+
+1. The first great lesson a young man should learn, is, that _he knows
+nothing;_ and that the earlier and more thoroughly this lesson is
+learned, the better it will be for his peace of mind, and his success in
+life. A young man bred at home, and growing up in the light of parental
+admiration and fraternal pride, can not readily understand how it is,
+that every one else can be his equal in talent and acquisition. If bred
+in the country, he seeks the life of the town, he will very early obtain
+an idea of his insignificance.
+
+2. This is a critical period in his history. The result of his reasoning
+will decide his fate. If, at this time, he thoroughly comprehend, and in
+his soul admit and accept the fact, that _he knows nothing_ and _is
+nothing;_ if he bow to the conviction that his mind and his person are
+but ciphers, and that whatever he is _to be_, and is _to win_, must be
+achieved by _hard work_, there is abundant hope of him.
+
+3. If, on the contrary, a huge self-conceit still hold possession of
+him, and he straightens stiffly up to the assertion of his old and
+valueless self,--or, if he sink discouraged upon the threshold of a life
+of fierce competitions, and more manly emulations, he might as well be a
+dead man. The world has no use for such a man, and he has only to retire
+or be trodden upon.
+
+4. When a young man has thoroughly comprehended the fact that _he knows
+nothing_, and that, intrinsically, he is of but _little value_, the next
+thing for him to learn is that _the world cares nothing for him_,--that
+he is the subject of no man's overwhelming admiration and esteem,--that
+he must take care of himself.
+
+5. If he be a stranger, he will find every man busy with his own
+affairs, and none to look after him. He will not be noticed until he
+becomes _noticeable_, and he will not become noticeable, until he _does
+something_ to prove that he has an absolute value in society. No letter
+of recommendation will give him this, or ought to give him this. No
+family connection will give him this, except among those few who think
+more of blood than brains.
+
+6. Society demands that a young man _shall be somebody_, not only, but
+that _he shall prove his right to the title_; and it has a right to
+demand this. Society will not take this matter upon trust,--at least,
+not for a long time; for it has been cheated too frequently. Society is
+not very particular what a man does, so that it prove him to be a _man_:
+then it will bow to him, and make room for him.
+
+7. There is no surer sign of an unmanly and cowardly spirit, than a
+vague desire for _help_,--a wish to _depend_, to _lean_ upon somebody,
+and enjoy the fruits of the industry of others. There are multitudes of
+young men who indulge in dreams of help from some quarter, coming in at
+a convenient moment, to enable them to secure the success in life which
+they covet. The vision haunts them of some benevolent old gentleman,
+with a pocket full of money, a trunk full of mortgages and stocks, and a
+mind remarkably appreciative of merit and genius, who will, perhaps,
+give or lend them from ten to twenty thousand dollars, with which they
+will commence and go on swimmingly.
+
+8. To me, one of the most disgusting sights in the world, is that of a
+young man with healthy blood, broad shoulders, and a hundred and fifty
+pounds, more or less, of good bone and muscle, standing with his hands
+in his pockets, longing for help. I admit that there are positions in
+which the most independent spirit may accept of assistance,--may, in
+fact, as a choice of evils, desire it; but for a man who is able to help
+himself, to desire the help of others in the accomplishment of his plans
+of life, is positive proof that he has received a most unfortunate
+training, or that there is a leaven of meanness in his composition, that
+should make him shudder.
+
+9. When, therefore, a young man has ascertained and fully received the
+fact that he does not know any thing, that the world does not care any
+thing about him, that what he wins must be won by his own brain and
+brawn, and that while he holds in his own hands the means of gaining his
+own livelihood and the objects of his life, he can not receive
+assistance without compromising his self-respect and selling his
+freedom, he is in a fair position for beginning life. When a young man
+becomes aware that only by _his own efforts_ can he rise into
+companionship and competition with the sharp, strong, and well-drilled
+minds around him, he of ready for work, and not before.
+
+10. The next lesson is, that of _patience_, thoroughness in preparation,
+and contentment with the regular channels of business effort and
+enterprise. This is, perhaps, one of the most difficult to learn, of all
+the lessons of life. It is natural for the mind to reach out eagerly for
+immediate results.
+
+11. As manhood dawns, and the young man catches in its first light the
+pinnacles of realized dreams, the golden domes of high possibilities,
+and the purpling hills of great delights, and then looks down upon the
+narrow, sinuous, long, and dusty path by which others have reached
+them, he is apt to be disgusted with the passage, and to seek for
+success through broader channels, by quicker means. Beginning at the
+very foot of the hill, and working slowly to the top, seems a very
+discouraging process; and precisely at this point, have thousands of
+young men made shipwreck of their lives.
+
+12. Let this be understood, then, at starting; that the patient conquest
+of difficulties, which rise in the regular and legitimate channels of
+business and enterprise, is not only essential in securing the successes
+which you seek, but it is essential to that preparation of your mind,
+requisite for the enjoyment of your successes, and for retaining them
+when gained. It is the general rule of Providence, the world over, and
+in all time, that unearned success is a curse. It is the rule of
+Providence, that the process of earning success, shall be the
+preparation for its conservation and enjoyment.
+
+13. So, day by day, and week by week; so, month after month, and year
+after year, _work on_, and in that process gain strength and symmetry,
+and nerve and knowledge, that when success, patiently and bravely worked
+for, shall come, it may find you prepared to receive it and keep it. The
+development which you will get in this brave and patient labor, will
+prove itself, in the end, the most valuable of your successes. It will
+help to make a _man_ of you. It will give you power and self-reliance.
+It will give you not only _self-respect_, but the _respect of your
+fellows and the public_.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What is the first lesson a young man should learn? 2.
+What is the next lesson he should learn? 3. What does society demand of
+a young man? 4. What is a sure sign of an unmanly and cowardly spirit?
+5. When is a young man in a fair position for beginning life? 6. What
+is a general rule of Providence?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXXVI.
+
+ PRE SUMP' TION, arrogance.
+ SOPH' ISTS, professed teachers of wisdom.
+ AC COST' ED, addressed.
+ GEN' IUS, natural aptitude.
+ IN DUC' ED, prevailed upon.
+ PHI LOS' O PHER, lover of wisdom.
+ BAR' BA ROUS, foreign; uncivilized.
+ DIS SUADE', turn away from.
+ EX CESS' IVE. overmuch.
+ ES TEEM' ED, highly regarded.
+ RE TRENCH, lessen; curtail.
+ SU PER' FLU OUS, extravagant; needless.
+ UN DER TAK' ING, engaging in.
+ IN CA PAC' I TY, inability.
+
+[Headnote 1: THE MIS' TO CLES, a celebrated Athenian statesman and
+military leader, was born about 514 before Christ.]
+
+[Headnote 2: CI' MON, an illustrious Athenian general and statesman,
+born about the year 510, before Christ. He belonged to the aristocratic
+party of his time, and contributed to the banishment of Themistocles,
+the leader of the opposite party. He was also the political opponent of
+Pericles.]
+
+[Headnote 3: PER' I CLES, an Athenian statesman, born about 495 before
+Christ. He labored to make Athens the capital of all Greece, and the
+seat of art and refinement.]
+
+[Headnote 4: PLA' TO, a celebrated Greek philosopher, born in Athens
+about the year 429 before Christ. He was a pupil of Socrates.]
+
+
+THE PRESUMPTION OF YOUTH.
+
+ROLLIN.
+
+1. The young people of Athens, amazed at the glory of
+Themistocles,[Headnote 1] of Cimon,[Headnote 2] of Pericles,[Headnote 3]
+and full of a foolish ambition, after having received some lessons from
+the sophists, who promised to render them very great politicians,
+believed themselves capable of every thing, and aspired to fill the
+highest places. One of them, named Glaucon, took it so strongly in his
+head that he had a _peculiar genius_ for public affairs, although he was
+not yet twenty years of age, that no person in his family, nor among his
+friends, had the power to divert him from a notion so little befitting
+his age and capacity.
+
+2. Socrates, who liked him on account of Plato [Headnote 4] his brother,
+was the only one who succeeded in making him change his resolution.
+Meeting him one day, he accosted him with so dexterous a discourse, that
+he induced him to listen. He had already gained much influence over him.
+"You have a desire to govern the republic?" said Socrates. "True,"
+replied Glaucon. "You can not have a finer design," said the
+philosopher, "since, if you succeed in it, you will be in a state to
+serve your friends, to enlarge your house, and to extend the limits of
+your native country.
+
+3. "You will become known not only in Athens, but through all Greece;
+and it may be that your renown will reach even to the barbarous nations,
+like that of Themistocles. At last, you will gain the respect and
+admiration of everybody." A beginning so flattering pleased the young
+man exceedingly, and he very willingly continued the conversation.
+"Since you desire to make yourself esteemed and respected, it is clear
+that you think to render yourself useful to the public." "Assuredly."
+"Tell me, then, I beseech you, what is the first service that you intend
+to render the state?"
+
+4. As Glaucon appeared to be perplexed, and considered what he ought to
+answer,--"Probably," replied Socrates, "it will be to enrich the
+republic, that is to say, to increase its revenues." "Exactly so." "And,
+undoubtedly, you know in what the revenues of the state consist, and the
+extent to which they may be increased. You will not have failed to make
+it a private study, to the end that if one source should suddenly fail,
+you may be able to supply its place immediately with another." "I assure
+you," answered Glaucon, "that this is what I have never thought of."
+
+5. "Tell me, at least, then, the necessary expenses of maintaining the
+republic. You can not fail to know of what importance it is to retrench
+those which are superfluous." "I confess to you that I am not more
+instructed with regard to this article than the other." "Then it is
+necessary to defer till another time the design that you have of
+enriching the republic; for it is impossible for you to benefit the
+state while you are ignorant of its revenues and expenses."
+
+6. "But," said Glaucon, "there is still another means that you pass over
+in silence,--one can enrich a state by the ruin of its enemies." "You
+are right." replied Socrates, "but, in order to do that, you must be the
+more powerful; otherwise you run the risk of losing that which you
+possess. So, he who speaks of undertaking a war, ought to know the power
+of both parties, to the end that if he finds his party the stronger, he
+may boldly risk the adventure; but, if he find it the weaker, he should
+dissuade the people from undertaking it.
+
+7. "But, do you know what are the forces of our republic, by sea and by
+land, and what are those of our enemies'? have you a statement of them
+in writing'? You will do me the pleasure to allow me a perusal of it."
+"I have none yet," replied Glaucon. "I see, then," said Socrates, "that
+we shall not make war so soon, if they intrust _you_ with the
+government; for there remain many things for you to know, and many cares
+to take."
+
+8. The sage mentioned many other articles, not less important, in which
+he found Glaucon equally inexperienced, and he pointed out how
+ridiculous they render themselves, who have the rashness to intermeddle
+with government, without bringing any other preparation to the task than
+_a great degree of self-esteem and excessive ambition_. "Fear, my dear
+Glaucon," said Socrates, "fear, lest a too ardent desire for honors
+should blind you; and cause you to take a part that would cover you with
+shame, in bringing to light your incapacity, and want of talent."
+
+9. The youth was wise enough to profit by the good advice of his
+instructor, and took some time to gain private information, before he
+ventured to appear in public. This lesson is for all ages.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. To what did the young people of Athens aspire? 2. What
+did Glaucon believe he possessed? 3. Who succeeded in making him change
+his resolution? 4. How did Socrates do this? 5. What did Socrates
+finally say to him?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXXVII.
+
+ CREST, topmost height.
+ TOR' RENTS, rushing streams.
+ TYPE, symbol; token.
+ AE' RIE, (_â' ry_,) eagle's nest.
+ VAULT' ED, arched.
+ LIQ' UID, (_lik' wid_,) clear; flowing.
+ BASK, lie exposed to warmth.
+ CAN' O PY, covering.
+ REV' EL RY, noisy merriment.
+ BIDE, stay; continue.
+ VO LUP' TU OUS, devoted to pleasure.
+ HAUNTS, places of resort.
+ EX PIRES', dies; becomes extinct.
+ SMOL' DER ING, burning and smoking without vent.
+ HER' IT AGE, inheritance.
+ QUENCH' ED, extinguished.
+ PEN' NON, flag; banner.
+ WRENCH, wrest; twist off.
+ CRA' VEN, base; cowardly.
+
+
+SONG OF THE AMERICAN EAGLE.
+
+1. I build my nest on the mountain's crest,
+ Where the wild winds rock my eaglets to rest,--
+ Where the lightnings flash, and the thunders crash,
+ And the roaring torrents foam and dash;
+ For my spirit free henceforth shall be
+ A type of the sons of Liberty.
+
+2. Aloft I fly from my aërie high,
+ Through the vaulted dome of the azure sky;
+ On a sunbeam bright take my airy flight,
+ And float in a flood of liquid light;
+ For I love to play in the noontide ray,
+ And bask in a blaze from the throne of day.
+
+3. Away I spring with a tireless wing,
+ On a feathery cloud I poise and swing;
+ I dart down the steep where the lightnings leap,
+ And the clear blue canopy swiftly sweep;
+ For, dear to me is the revelry
+ Of a free and fearless Liberty.
+
+4. I love the land where the mountains stand,
+ Like the watch-towers high of a Patriot band;
+ For I may not bide in my glory and pride,
+ Though the land be never so fair and wide,
+ Where Luxury reigns o'er voluptuous plains,
+ And fetters the free-born soul in chains.
+
+5. Then give to me in my flights to see
+ The land of the pilgrims _ever free_!
+ And I never will rove from the haunts I love
+ But watch, from my sentinel-track above,
+ Your banner free, o'er land and sea,
+ And exult in your glorious Liberty.
+
+6. _O, guard ye well the land where I dwell_,
+ Lest to future times the tale I tell,
+ When slow expires in smoldering fires
+ The goodly heritage of your sires,--
+ How Freedom's light rose clear and bright
+ O'er fair Columbia's beacon-hight,
+ Till ye quenched the flame in a starless night.
+
+7. Then will I tear from your pennon fair
+ The stars ye have set in triumph there;
+ My olive-branch on the blast I'll launch,
+ The fluttering stripes from the flagstaff wrench,
+ And away I'll flee; for I scorn to see
+ _A craven race_ in the land of the free!
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Where does the eagle build its nest? 2. Describe its
+flights. 3. Where does it love to dwell? 4. Of what is the eagle a type?
+5. What warning does it give to the people of this country? 6. What is
+there peculiar in the construction of the first, third, and fifth lines
+of each verse?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXXVIII.
+
+ AN' THEM, ode; song.
+ DAUNT' LESS, bold; fearless.
+ WAG' ED, carried on.
+ UN AW' ED, undismayed.
+ SCROLL, roll of paper; document.
+ COUNT' LESS, unnumbered.
+ ROY' AL, regal; noble.
+ U' NI VERSE, whole creation.
+ BAF' FLED, frustrated.
+ TY RAN' NIC, oppressive; despotic.
+ CURB, check; restrain.
+ SUC CEED' ING, following.
+ HURL' ED, thrown.
+ PEAL' ED, resounded.
+
+[Headnote 1: HEL' LES PONT, now the Dardanelles, a narrow strait between
+Asia and Europe.]
+
+[Headnote 2: XER' XES, (_zerks' ees_,) the celebrated king of Persia,
+during his famous expedition into Greece, caused a bridge of boats to be
+built over the Hellespont; but the work having been destroyed by a
+storm, he was greatly enraged against the sea, and ordered it to be
+lashed, and fetters to be cast into it to restrain its violence.]
+
+
+THE ARMY OF REFORM.
+
+SARAH JANE LIPPINCOTT.
+
+ 1. Yes, _ye are few_,--and _they were few_,
+ Who, daring storm and sea,
+ Once raised upon old Plymouth rock
+ "The anthem of the free."
+
+ 2. _And they were few_ at Lexington,
+ To battle, or to die,--
+ That lightning-flash, that thunder-peal,
+ Told that the storm was nigh.
+
+ 3. _And they were few_, who dauntless stood,
+ Upon old Bunkers hight,
+ And waged with Britain's strength and pride
+ The fierce, unequal fight.
+
+ 4. _And they were few_, who, all unawed
+ By kingly "rights divine,"
+ The Declaration, rebel scroll,[Footnote 1]
+ Untrembling dared to sign.
+
+ 5. _Yes, ye are few_; for one proud glance
+ Can take in all your band,
+ As now against a countless host,
+ Firm, true, and calm, ye stand.
+
+ 6. Unmoved by Folly's idiot laugh,
+ Hate's curse, or Envy's frown,--
+ Wearing your rights as royal robes,
+ Your manhood as a crown,--
+
+ 7. With eyes whose gaze, unvailed by mists,
+ Still rises, clearer, higher,--
+ With stainless hands, and lips that Truth
+ Hath touched with living fire,--
+
+ 8. With one high hope, that ever shines
+ Before you as a star,--
+ One prayer of faith, one fount of strength,
+ _A glorious few ye are!_
+
+ 9. Ye _dare_ not fear, ye _can not_ fail,
+ Your destiny ye bind
+ To that sublime, eternal law
+ That rules the march of mind.
+
+10. See yon bold eagle toward the sun
+ Now rising free and strong,
+ And see yon mighty river roll
+ Its sounding tide along!
+
+11. Ah! yet near earth the eagle tires,
+ Lost in the sea, the river;
+ _But naught can stay the human mind_,--
+ _'Tis upward, onward, ever!_
+
+12. It yet shall tread the starlit paths,
+ By highest angels trod,
+ And pause but at the farthest world
+ In the universe of God.
+
+13. 'Tis said that Persia's baffled king,
+ In mad, tyrannic pride,
+ Cast fetters on the Hellespont,[Headnote 1]
+ To curb its swelling tide:
+
+14. But freedom's own true spirit heaves
+ The bosom of the main;
+ It tossed those fetters to the skies,
+ And bounded on again!
+
+15. The scorn of each succeeding age
+ On Xerxes'[Headnote 2] head was hurled,
+ And o'er that foolish deed has pealed
+ The long laugh of a world.
+
+16. Thus, thus, defeat, and scorn, and shame,
+ Is _his_, who strives to bind
+ _The restless, leaping waves of thought,_
+ _The free tide of the mind._
+
+[Footnote 1: The reference is to the Declaration of Independence, made
+July 4th, 1776.]
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Who raised the anthem of the free on Plymouth Rock?
+2. What is said of the few on Bunker's Hight? 3. How many signed the
+Declaration of Independence? Ans. 56. 4. What is said of the eagle?
+5. Of the human mind? 6. Of Freedom? 7. Where is the Hellespont?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXXIX.
+
+ FRESH' EN ED, grew brisk or strong.
+ FIT FUL LY, at intervals.
+ IN DI CA' TION, sign; token.
+ EN THU' SI ASM, strong feeling.
+ AP PRE HEND' ING, fearing.
+ A BAN' DON, give up; forsake.
+ HAW' SERS, cables; large ropes.
+ VOL UN TEER' ED, offered willingly.
+ IN' TER VAL, intervening time.
+ DE VOT' ED, doomed; ill-fated.
+ THWARTS, seats placed across a boat.
+ GUAR' AN TY, warrant.
+ IN EV' I TA BLY, certainly; surely.
+ AC CU' MU LA TED, collected; heaped.
+ STAN' CHION, (_stan' shun_,) small post.
+ VI' ED, strove; contended.
+ DIS' LO CA TED, out of joint; disjointed.
+ AM' PU TA TED, cut off.
+
+
+THE LAST CRUISE OF THE MONITOR.
+
+GREENVILLE M. WEEKS.
+
+1. On the afternoon of December 29th, 1862, she put on steam, and, in
+tow of the "Rhode Island," passed Fortress Monroe, and out to sea. As we
+gradually passed out, the wind freshened somewhat; but the sun went down
+in glorious clouds of purple and crimson, and the night was fair and
+calm above us, though, in the interior of our little vessel, the air had
+already begun to lose its freshness. We suffered more or less from its
+closeness through the night, and woke in the morning to find it heavy
+with impurity, from the breaths of some sixty persons, composing the
+officers and crew.
+
+2. Sunshine found us on deck, enjoying pure air, and watching the east.
+During the night we had passed Cape Henry, and now, at dawn, found
+ourselves on the ocean,--the land only a blue line in the distance. A
+few more hours, and that had vanished. No sails were visible; and the
+Passaic, which we had noticed the evening before, was now out of sight.
+The morning and afternoon passed quietly; we spent most of our time on
+deck, on account of the confined air below, and, being on a level with
+the sea, with the spray dashing over us occasionally, amused ourselves
+with noting its shifting hues and forms, from the deep green of the
+first long roll, to the foam-crest and prismatic tints of the falling
+wave.
+
+3. As the afternoon advanced, the freshening wind, the thickening
+clouds, and the increasing roll of the sea, gave those most accustomed
+to ordinary ship-life, some new experiences. The little vessel plunged
+through the rising waves, instead of riding them, and, as they increased
+in violence, lay, as it were, under their crests, which washed over her
+continually; so that, even when we considered ourselves safe, the
+appearance was that of a vessel sinking.
+
+4. "I'd rather go to sea in a diving-bell!" said one, as the waves
+dashed over the pilot-house, and the little craft seemed buried in
+water. "Give me an oyster-scow!" cried another,--"any thing! only let it
+be _wood_, and something that will float _over_, instead of _under_ the
+water!" Still she plunged on; and about 6:30 P.M., we made Cape
+Hatteras; in half an hour we had rounded the point. A general hurrah
+went up,--"Hurrah for the first iron-clad that ever rounded Cape
+Hatteras! Hurrah for the little boat that is first in every thing!"
+
+5. At half-past seven, a heavy shower fell, lasting about twenty
+minutes. At this time the gale increased; black, heavy clouds covered
+the sky, through which the moon glittered fitfully, allowing us to see
+in the distance a long line of white, plunging foam rushing toward
+us,--sure indication, to a sailor's eye, of a stormy time. A gloom
+overhung every thing; the banks of cloud seemed to settle around us; the
+moan of the ocean grew louder and more fearful. Still our little boat
+pushed doggedly on: victorious through all, we thought that here, too,
+she would conquer, though the beating waves sent shudders through her
+whole frame.
+
+6. An hour passed; the air below, which had all day been increasing in
+closeness, was now almost stifling; but our men lost no courage. Some
+sang as they worked; and the cadence of their voices, mingling with the
+roar of waters, sounded like a defiance to Ocean. Some stationed
+themselves on top of the turret, and a general enthusiasm filled all
+breasts, as huge waves, twenty feet high, rose up on all sides, hung
+suspended for a moment like jaws open to devour, and then, breaking,
+gnashed over in foam from side to side.
+
+7. Those of us new to the sea, and not apprehending our peril, hurrahed
+for the largest wave; but the captain and one or two others, old
+sailors, knowing its power, grew momentarily more and more--anxious,
+feeling, with a dread instinctive to the sailor, that, in case of
+extremity, no wreck yet known to ocean, could be so hopeless as this.
+Solid iron from keelson to turret-top, clinging to any thing for safety,
+if the "Monitor" should go down, would only insure a share in her fate.
+No mast., no spar, no floating thing, to meet the outstretched hand in
+the last moment.
+
+8. The sea gathered force from each attack. Thick and fast came the
+blows on the iron mail of the "Monitor," and still the brave little
+vessel held her own, until, at half-past eight, the engineer, faithful
+to the end, reported a leak. The pumps were instantly set in motion, and
+we watched their progress with an intense interest. She had seemed to
+us like an old-time knight, in armor, battling against fearful odds, but
+still holding his ground. We who watched, when the blow came which made
+the strong man reel and the life-blood spout, felt our hearts faint
+within us; then, again, ground was gained, and the fight went on, the
+water lowering somewhat under the laboring pumps.
+
+9. From nine to ten it kept pace with them. From ten to eleven the sea
+increased in violence, the waves now dashing entirely over the turret,
+blinding the eyes, and causing quick catchings of the breath, as they
+swept against us. At ten the engineer had reported the leak as gaining
+on us; at half-past ten, with several pumps in constant motion, one of
+which threw out three thousand gallons a minute, the water was rising
+rapidly, and nearing the fires. When these were reached, the vessel's
+doom was sealed; for, with their extinction, the pumps must cease, and
+all hope of keeping the "Monitor" above water more than an hour or two,
+expired.
+
+10. Our knight had received his death-blow, and lay struggling and
+helpless under the power of a stronger than he. A consultation was
+held, and, not without a conflict of fueling, it was decided that
+signals of distress should be made. Ocean claimed our little vessel, and
+her trembling frame and failing fire proved she would soon answer his
+call; yet a pang went through us, as we thought of the first iron-clad
+lying alone at the bottom of this stormy sea, her guns silenced, herself
+a useless mass of metal. Each quiver of her strong frame seemed to plead
+with us not to abandon her.
+
+11. The work she _had_ done, the work she _was_ to do, rose before us:
+might there not be a possibility of saving her yet? Her time could not
+have come so soon. But we who descended for a moment to the cabin, knew,
+by the rising-water through which we waded, that the end was near. Small
+time was there for regrets. Rockets were thrown up, and answered by the
+"Rhode Island," whose brave men prepared at once to lower boats, though,
+in that wild sea, it was almost madness.
+
+12. The "Monitor" had been attached to the "Rhode Island" by two
+hawsers, one of which had parted at about seven P.M. The other remained
+firm; but now it was necessary it should be cut. How was that possible,
+when every wave washed clean over the deck? What man could reach it
+alive? "Who'll cut the hawser?" shouted Captain Bankhead. Acting master
+Stodder volunteered, and was followed by another. Holding by one hand to
+the ropes at her side, they cut through, by many blows of the hatchet,
+the immense rope which united the vessels. Stodder returned in safety,
+but his brave companion was washed over, and went down.
+
+13. Meanwhile the boat launched from the "Rhode Island," had started,
+manned by a crew of picked men. A mere heroic impulse could not have
+accomplished this most noble deed. For hours they had watched the raging
+sea. Their captain and _they_ knew the danger; every man who entered
+that boat, did it at the peril of his life; and yet all were ready. Are
+not such acts as these convincing proofs of the divinity of human
+nature'? We watched her with straining eyes; for few thought she could
+live to reach us. She neared; we were sure of her, thank Heaven!
+
+14. In this interval, the cut hawser had become entangled in the
+paddle-wheel of the "Rhode Island," and she drifted down upon us; we,
+not knowing this fact, supposed her coming to our assistance; but a
+moment undeceived us. The launch sent to our relief was now between us
+and her,--too near for safety. The steamer bore swiftly down, stern
+first, upon our starboard quarter. "_Keep off! keep off!_" we cried, and
+then first saw she was helpless.
+
+15. Even as we looked, the devoted boat was caught between the steamer
+and the iron-clad,--a sharp sound of crushing wood was heard,--thwarts,
+oars, and splinters flew in air,--the boat's crew leaped to the
+"Monitor's" deck, Death stared us in the face; our iron prow must go
+through the Rhode Island's side,--and then an end to all. One awful
+moment we held our breath,--then the hawser was cleared,--the steamer
+moved off, as it were, step by step, first one, then another, till a
+ship's length lay between us, and then we breathed freely.
+
+16. But the boat!--had she gone to the bottom, carrying brave souls with
+her? No; there she lay, beating against our iron sides; but still,
+though bruised and broken, a lifeboat to us. There was no hasty scramble
+for life when it was found she floated,--all held back. The men kept
+steady on at their work of bailing,--only those leaving, and in the
+order named, whom the captain bade save themselves. They descended from
+the turret to the deck with mingled fear and hope, for the waves tore
+from side to side, and the coolest head and bravest heart could not
+guaranty safety. Some were washed over as they left the turret, and,
+with a vain clutch at the iron deck, a wild throwing up of the arms,
+went down, their death-cry ringing in the ears of their companions.
+
+17. The boat sometimes held her place by the "Monitor's" side, then was
+dashed hopelessly out of reach, rising and falling on the waves. A
+sailor would spring from the deck to reach her, to be seen for a moment
+in mid-air, and then, as she rose, fall into her. So she gradually
+filled up; but some poor souls who sought to reach her, failed, even as
+they touched her receding sides, and went down. We had a little
+messenger-boy, the special charge of one of our sailors, and the pet of
+all; he must inevitably have been lost, but for the care of his adopted
+father, who, holding him firmly in his arms, escaped, as by a miracle,
+being washed overboard, but finally succeeded in placing him safely in
+the boat.
+
+18. The last but one to make the desperate venture, was the surgeon; he
+leaped from the deck, at the very instant when the boat was being swept
+away by the merciless sea. Making one final effort, he threw his body
+forward as he fell, striking across the boat's side so violently, it was
+thought some of his ribs must be broken. "_Haul the Doctor in!_" shouted
+Lieutenant Greene, perhaps remembering how, a little time back, he
+himself, almost gone down in the unknown sea, had been "hauled in" by a
+quinine rope flung him by the Doctor. Stout sailor-arms pulled him in;
+one more sprang to a place in her, and the boat, now full, pushed
+off,--in a sinking condition, it is true, but still bearing hope with
+her, for _she was wood_.
+
+19. Over the waves we made little progress, though pulling for life. The
+men stuffed their pea-jackets into the leaks, and bailed incessantly. We
+neared the "Rhode Island;" but now a new peril appeared. Eight down upon
+our center, borne by the might of the rushing water, came the whale-boat
+sent to rescue others from the iron-clad. We barely floated; if she
+struck us with her bows full on us, we must go to the bottom. One
+sprang, and, as she neared, with outstretched arms, met and turned her
+course. She passed against us, and his hand, caught between the two
+boats, was crushed, and the arm, wrenched from its socket, fell a
+helpless weight against his side; but life remained. We were saved, and
+an arm was a small price to pay for life.
+
+20. We reached the "Rhode Island;" ropes were flung over her side, and
+caught with a death-grip. Some lost their hold, were washed away, and
+again dragged in by the boat's crew. What chance had one whose right arm
+hung a dead weight, when strong men with their two hands, went down
+before him? He caught at a rope, found it impossible to save himself
+alone, and then for the first time said,--"I am injured; can any one
+help me?" Ensign Taylor, at the risk of his own life, brought the rope
+around his shoulder in such a way that it could not slip, and he was
+drawn up in safety.
+
+21. In the mean time, the whale-boat, which had nearly caused our
+destruction, had reached the side of the "Monitor;" and now the captain
+said, "It is madness to remain here longer: let each man save himself."
+For a moment, he descended to the cabin for a coat, and his faithful
+servant followed to secure a jewel-box, containing the accumulated
+treasure of years. A sad, sorry sight it was! In the heavy air the lamps
+burned dimly, and the water, waist-deep, splashed sullenly against the
+sides of the wardroom. One lingering look, and he left the "Monitor's"
+cabin forever!
+
+22. Time was precious; he hastened to the deck, where, in the midst of a
+terrible sea, Lieutenant Greene nobly held his post. He seized the rope
+from the whale-boat, wound it about an iron stanchion, then around his
+wrists, and, by this means, was drawn aboard the boat. Thus, one by one,
+watching their time between the waves, the men filled in, and, at last,
+after making all effort for others, and none for themselves, Captain
+Bankhead and Lieutenant Greene took their places in the boat The gallant
+Brown pushed off, and soon laid his boat-load safe upon the "Rhode
+Island's" deck.
+
+23. Here the heartiest and most tender reception met us. Our drenched
+clothing was replaced by warm and dry garments, and all on board vied
+with each other in acts of kindness. The only one who had received any
+injury, Surgeon Weeks, [Footnote: The writer of this account.] was
+carefully attended to, the dislocated arm set, and the crushed fingers
+amputated, by the gentlest and most considerate of surgeons, Dr. Webber,
+of the "Rhode Island."
+
+24. For an hour or more we watched, from the deck of the steamer, the
+lonely light upon the "Monitor's" turrets; a hundred times we thought it
+gone forever,--a hundred times it reappeared, till, at last, about two
+o'clock, Wednesday morning, December 31st, it sank, and we saw it no
+more. An actor in the scenes of that wild night, when the "Monitor" went
+down, relates the story of her last cruise. _Her_ work is now over. She
+lies a hundred fathoms deep under the stormy-waters off Cape Hatteras;
+but she has made herself a name, which will not soon be forgotten by the
+American people.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. When and where was the Monitor lost? 2. What signal
+service had she rendered? 3. Who was the writer of this account?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XC.
+
+ RE SPON SI BIL' I TIES, obligations.
+ LA' TENT, secret; hidden.
+ IN IQ' UI TY, wickedness.
+ EF FECT' IVE, powerful; efficient.
+ REC' TI TUDE, right.
+ PEN' E TRA TIVE, entering; piercing.
+ MAL' ICE, ill-will; hatred.
+ CHIV' AL RY, heroism; valor.
+ WAN' TON LY, wastefully.
+ SHEEN, brightness.
+ SHIM' MER, glitter; gleam.
+ RE VER' SION, future possession.
+ IN SID' I OUS, crafty; deceitful.
+ A THWART', across.
+ SUS' TE NANCE, food; support.
+ IM POS' ED, laid on; assigned.
+
+
+DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF WOMAN.
+
+GAIL HAMILTON.
+
+1. Oh, if this latent power could be aroused! If woman would shake off
+this slumber, and put on her strength, her beautiful garments, how would
+she go forth conquering and to conquer! How would the mountains break
+forth into singing, and the trees of the field clap their hands! How
+would our sin-stained earth arise and shine, her light being come, and
+the glory of the Lord being risen upon her!
+
+2. One can not do the _world's_ work; but one can do _one's_ work. You
+may not be able to turn the world from iniquity; but you can, at least,
+keep the dust and rust from gathering on your own soul. If you can not
+be directly and actively engaged in fighting the battle, you can, at
+least, polish your armor and sharpen your weapons, to strike an
+effective blow when the hour comes. You can stanch the blood of him who
+has been wounded in the fray,--bear a cup of cold water to the thirsty
+and fainting,--give help to the conquered, and smiles to the victor.
+
+3. You can gather from the past and the present stores of wisdom, so
+that, when the future demands it, you may bring forth from your
+treasures things new and old. Whatever of bliss the "Divinity that
+shapes our ends" may see fit to withhold from you, you are but very
+little lower than the angels, so long as you have the
+
+ "Godlike power to do,--the godlike aim to know."
+
+4. You can be forming habits of self-reliance, sound judgment,
+perseverance, and endurance, which may, one day, stand you in good
+stead. You can so train yourself to right thinking and right acting,
+that uprightness shall be your nature, truth your impulse. His head is
+seldom far wrong, whose heart is always right. We bow down to mental
+greatness, intellectual strength, and they are divine gifts; but _moral
+rectitude_ is stronger than they. It is irresistible,--always in the
+end triumphant.
+
+5. There is in _goodness_ a penetrative power that nothing can
+withstand. Cunning and malice melt away before its mild, open, steady
+glance. Not alone on the fields where chivalry charges for laurels, with
+helmet and breastplate and lance in rest, can the true knight exultingly
+exclaim,
+
+ "My strength is as the strength of ten,
+ Because my heart is pure;"
+
+but wherever man meets man, wherever there is a prize to be won, a goal
+to be reached. Wealth, and rank, and beauty, may form a brilliant
+setting to the diamond; but they only expose more nakedly the false
+glare of the paste. Only when the king's daughter is all glorious
+within, is it fitting and proper that her clothing should be of wrought
+gold.
+
+6. From the great and good of all ages rings out the same monotone. The
+high-priest of Nature, the calm-eyed poet who laid his heart so close to
+hers, that they seemed to throb in one pulsation, yet whose ear was
+always open to the "still sad music of humanity," has given us the
+promise of his life-long wisdom in these grand words:--
+
+ "True dignity abides with him alone
+ Who, in the silent hour of inward thought,
+ Can still suspect and still revere himself."
+
+7. Through the din of twenty rolling centuries, pierces the sharp, stern
+voice of the brave old Greek: "_Let every man, when he is about to do a
+wicked action, above all things in the world, stand in awe of himself,
+and dread the witness within him._" All greatness, and all glory, all
+that earth has to give, all that Heaven can proffer, lies within the
+reach of the lowliest as well as the highest; for He who spake as never
+man spake, has said that the very "kingdom of God is within you."
+
+8. Born to such an inheritance, will you wantonly cast it away? With
+such a goal in prospect, will you suffer yourself to be turned aside by
+the sheen and shimmer of tinsel fruit? With earth in possession, and
+Heaven in reversion, will you go sorrowing and downcast, because here
+and there a pearl or ruby fails you? Nay, rather forgetting those things
+which are behind, and reaching forth unto those which are before, _press
+forward_!
+
+9. Discontent and murmuring are insidious foes; trample them under your
+feet. Utter no complaint, whatever betide; for complaining is a sign of
+weakness. If your trouble can be helped, _help it_; if not, _bear it_.
+You can be whatever you _will_ to be. Therefore, form and accomplish
+worthy purposes.
+
+10. If you walk alone, let it be with no faltering tread. Show to an
+incredulous world
+
+ "How grand may be Life's might,
+ Without Love's circling crown."
+
+Or, if the golden thread of love shine athwart the dusky warp of duty,
+if other hearts depend on yours for sustenance and strength, give to
+them from your fullness no stinted measure. Let the dew of your kindness
+fall on the evil and the good, on the just and on the unjust.
+
+11. Compass happiness, since happiness alone is victory. On the
+fragments of your shattered plans, and hopes, and love,--on the
+heaped-up ruins of your past, rear a stately palace, whose top shall
+reach unto heaven, whose beauty shall gladden the eyes of all beholders,
+whose doors shall stand wide open to receive the way-worn and weary.
+Life is a burden, but it is imposed by God. What you _make_ of it, it
+will _be_ to you, whether a millstone about your neck, or a diadem upon
+your brow. _Take it up bravely, bear it on joyfully, lay it down
+triumphantly._
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What are some of the duties of women? 2. What is said of
+goodness? 3. What was the adage of the old Greek? 4. What is said of
+discontent and murmuring?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XCI.
+
+ ID' I OT, one devoid of reason.
+ HOR' RI BLE, awful; dreadful.
+ WOE' FUL, afflicted.
+ HAR' ROW, disturb; harass.
+ PRE SERVE', safely keep.
+ SOOTH, fact; truth.
+ SPOIL' ED, stripped; plundered.
+ YEARN' ING, longing.
+ IN SUF' FER A BLE, intolerable.
+ CAN' TON, district; region.
+ PAS TIME, amusement; diversion.
+ ES PI' ED, saw; discovered.
+ MOUNT AIN EER', dweller on a mountain.
+ BRAWN' Y, strong; firm.
+ FAG OTS, bundles of sticks.
+ AUG MENT', increase; make larger.
+ BEA' CON, signal-fire.
+ BE TIDE', happen; befall.
+
+
+SCENE FROM WILLIAM TELL.
+
+J. SHERIDAN KNOWLES.
+
+ _Emma._ I never knew a weary night before!
+ I have seen the sun a dozen times go down,
+ And still no William,--and the storm was on,
+ Yet have I laid me down in peace to sleep,
+ The mountain with the lightning all a-blaze,
+ And shaking with the thunder,--but to-night
+ Mine eyes refuse to close, (_sl._) The old man rests:
+ Pain hath outworn itself, and turned to ease.
+ How deadly calm's the night! (_''_) What's that? I'm grown
+ An idiot with my fears. I do not know,--
+ The avalanche! Great Power that hurls it down,
+ Watch o'er my boy, and guide his little steps!
+ What keeps him? 'tis but four hours' journey hence:
+ He'd rest; then four hours back again. _What keeps him?_
+ Erni would sure be found by him,--he knows
+ The track, well as he knows the road to Altorf!
+
+ _Melchtal_. Help! (_in his sleep_.)
+
+ _Emma_. What's the matter? Only the old man dreaming.
+ He thinks again they're pulling out his eyes.
+ I'm sick with terror! Merciful powers! what's this
+ That fills my heart with horrible alarm?
+ And yet it can not see.
+
+ _Melch_. (_waking_) Where am I?
+
+ _Emma_. Father!
+
+ _Melch_. My daughter, is it thou'! Thank Heaven, I'm here!
+ Is't day yet'?
+
+ _Emma_. No'.
+
+ _Melch_. Is't far on the night'?
+
+ _Emma_. Methinks, about the turn on't.
+
+ _Melch_. Is the boy
+ Come back'?
+
+ _Emma_. No', father'.
+
+ _Melch_. Nor thy husband'?
+
+ _Emma_. No'.
+
+ _Melch_. A woeful wife and mother have I made thee!
+ Would thou hadst never seen me.
+
+ _Emma_. Father'!
+
+ _Melch_. Child'!
+
+ _Emma_. Methinks I hear a step !--I do! (_knocking_.) A knock!
+
+ _Melch_. 'Tis William!
+
+ _Emma_. No; it is not William's knock. (_Opens the door_.) I
+ told you so. Your will?
+
+ _Enter_ STRANGER.
+
+ _Stran_. Seeing a light, I e'en made bold to knock, to ask for
+ shelter; For I have missed my way.
+
+ _Emma_. Whence come you` friend'?
+
+ _Stran_. From Altorf.
+
+ _Emma_. Altorf'! Any news from thence'?
+
+ _Stran_. Ay`! News to harrow parents' hearts, and make The
+ barren bless themselves that they are childless!
+
+ _Emma_. May Heaven preserve my boy!
+
+ _Melch_. What say'st thy news?
+
+ _Stran_. Art thou not Melchtal--he whose eyes, 'tis said,
+ The tyrant has torn out'?
+
+ _Melch_. Yes`, friend', the same.
+
+ _Stran_. Is this thy cottage'?
+
+ _Melch_. No`; 'tis William Tell's.
+
+ _Stran_. 'Tis William Tell's--and that's his wife--Goodnight.
+
+ _Emma_. (_Rushing between him and the door_.) Thou stirr'st
+ not hence until thy news be told!
+
+ _Stran_. My news! In sooth 'tis nothing thou would'st heed.
+
+ _Emma_. 'Tis something none should heed so well as I!
+
+ _Stran_. I must be gone,
+
+ _Emma_. Thou seest a tigress, friend,
+ Spoiled of her mate and young, and yearning for them.
+ Don't thwart her! Come, thy news! What fear'st thou, man?
+ What more hath she to dread, who reads thy looks,
+ And knows the most has come? Thy news! Is't bondage'?
+
+ _Stran_. It is.
+
+ _Emma_. Thank Heaven, it is not death! Of one--Or two?
+
+ _Stran_. Of two.
+
+ _Emma_. A father and a son,
+ Is't not?
+
+ _Stran_. It is.
+
+ _Emma_. My husband and my son
+ Are in the tyrant's power! There's worse than that!
+ What's that is news to harrow parents' breasts.
+ The which the thought to only tell, 'twould seem,
+ Drives back the blood to thine?--Thy news, I say!
+ Wouldst thou be merciful, this is not mercy!
+ Wast thou the mark, friend, of the bowman's aim.
+ Wouldst thou not hare the fatal arrow speed,
+ Rather than watch it hanging in the string?
+ Thou'lt drive me mad! Let fly at once!
+
+ _Melch_. Thy news from Altorf, friend, whatever it is!
+
+ _Stran_. To save himself and child from certain death,
+ Tell is to hit an apple, to be placed
+ Upon the stripling's head.
+
+ _Melch_. My child! my child!
+ Speak to me! Stranger, hast thou killed her?
+
+ _Emma_. No!
+ No`, father'. I'm the wife of William Tell;
+ Oh, but to be a man!--to have an arm
+ To fit a heart swelling with the sense of wrong!
+ Unnatural--insufferable wrong!
+ When makes the tyrant trial of his skill?
+
+ _Stran_. To-morrow.
+
+ _Emma_. Spirit of the lake and hill,
+ Inspire thy daughter! On the head of him
+ Who makes his pastime of a mother's pangs,
+ Launch down thy vengeance by a mother's hand.
+ Know'st the signal when the hills shall rise'? (_To Melchtal._)
+
+ _Melch_. Are they to rise'?
+
+ _Emma_. I see thou knowest naught.
+
+ _Stran_. Something's on foot! 'Twas only yesterday,
+ That, traveling from our canton, I espied
+ Slow toiling up a steep, a mountaineer
+ Of brawny limb, upon his back a load
+ Of fagots bound. Curious to see what end
+ Was worthy of such labor, after him
+ I took the cliff; and saw its lofty top
+ Receive his load, which went but to augment
+ A pile of many another.
+
+ _Emma_. 'Tis by fire! Fire is the signal for the hills to
+ rise! (_Rushes out_.)
+
+ _Melch_. Went she not forth!
+
+ _Stran_. She did,--she's here again,
+ And brings with her a lighted brand.
+
+ _Melch_. My child,
+ What dost thou with a lighted brand?
+
+ (_Re-enter_ EMMA _with a brand_.)
+
+ _Emma_. Prepare
+ To give the signal for the hills to rise!
+
+ _Melch_. Where are the fagots, child, for such a blaze?
+
+ _Emma_. I'll find the fagots, father. (_Exit_.)
+
+ _Melch_. She's gone Again!
+
+ _Stran_. She is,--I think into her chamber.
+
+ _Emma_. (_Rushing in_.)--Father, the pile is fired!
+
+ _Melch_. What pile, my child!
+
+ _Emma_. The joists and rafters of our cottage, father!
+
+ _Melch_. Thou hast not fired thy cottage?--but thou hast;
+ Alas, I hear the crackling of the flames!
+
+ _Emma_. Say'st thou, alas! when I do say, thank Heaven.
+ Father, this blaze will set the land a-blaze
+ With fire that shall preserve, and not destroy it.
+ (_f_.) _Blaze on!_ BLAZE ON! Oh, may'st thou be a beacon
+ To light its sons enslaved to liberty!
+ How fast it spreads! A spirit's in the fire:
+ It knows the work it does.--(_Goes to the door, and opens it_.)
+ The land is free!
+ Yonder's another blaze! Beyond that, shoots
+ Another up!--Anon will every hill
+ Redden with vengeance! Father, come! Whate'er
+ Betides us, worse we're certain can't befall,
+ And better may! Oh, be it liberty,
+ Safe hearts and homes, husbands and children! Come,--
+ It spreads apace. (_ff_.) Blaze on--_blaze on_--BLAZE ON!
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What rule for the rising inflection on _father_? See Note
+I., page 32. 2. What rule for the falling inflection on _no_? See Rule
+I., page 28.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XCII.
+
+ HON' OR A BLE, noble; illustrious.
+ IN' TEL LECT, mind; understanding.
+ SCORE, account; motive.
+ CLEV' ER, skillful; expert.
+ SO' CIAL, familiar.
+ CON FU' SION, fuss; tumult.
+ CON DE SCEN' SION, loveliness; deference.
+ COM PRE HEN' SION, understanding.
+
+[Headnote 1: CROE SUS, a very wealthy king of ancient Lydia, in Asia
+Minor, was born about 591 before Christ.]
+
+
+THE RICH MAN AND THE POOR MAN.
+
+KHEMNITZER.
+
+1. So goes the world`;--if wealthy, you may call
+ _This_--friend, _that_--brother`;--friends and brothers all
+ Though you are worthless, witless,--never mind it;
+ You may have been a stable-boy,--what then?
+ 'Tis _wealth_, my friends, makes _honorable_ men.
+ You seek respect, no doubt, and you will find it.
+
+2. But, if you are poor', heaven help you`! though your sire
+ Had royal blood in him`, and though you
+ Possess the intellect of angels too.
+ 'Tis all in vain`;--the world will ne'er inquire
+ On such a score`:--why should it take the pains?
+ 'Tis easier to weigh purses`, sure, than brains'.
+
+3. I once saw a poor fellow, keen and clever.
+ Witty and wise`; he paid a man a visit,
+ And no one noticed him', and no one ever
+ Gave him a welcome`. "Strange`," cried I', "whence is it`?"
+ He walked on this side', then on that`,
+ He tried to introduce a social chat`;
+ Now here', now there`, in vain he tried`;
+ Some formally and freezingly replied,
+ And some said by their silence,--"Better stay at home."
+
+4. A rich man burst the door,
+ As Croesus [Headnote 1] rich;--I'm sure
+ He could not pride himself upon his wit`;
+ And, as for wisdom, he had none of it`;
+ He had what's better`,--he had wealth.
+ What a confusion!--all stand up erect,--
+ These crowd around to ask him of his health;
+ These bow in _honest_ duty and respect;
+ And these arrange a sofa or a chair,
+ And these conduct him there.
+ "Allow me, sir, the honor`;"--Then a bow
+ Down to the earth`.--_Is't_ possible to show
+ Meet gratitude for such kind condescension`!
+
+5. The poor man hung his head,
+ And to himself he said,
+ "This is indeed beyond my comprehension:"
+ Then looking round, one friendly face he found,
+ And said,--"Pray tell me why is wealth preferred
+ "To wisdom?"--"That's a silly question, friend!"
+ Replied the other,--"have you never heard.
+ A man may lend his store
+ Of gold or silver ore,
+ But wisdom none can borrow, none can lend?"
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. How do you account for the different inflections in the
+last line of the second verse? See page 31, Note I. 2. What rule for the
+falling inflection on _condescension_? See page 29, Note I.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XCIII.
+
+ EX HI BI' TIONS, displays.
+ CIR CUM SCRIB' ED, encompassed.
+ NA' VIES, ships of war.
+ ARM' A MENTS, forces equipped for war.
+ IM PED' ED, hindered, obstructed.
+ LE VI' A THAN, huge sea-monster.
+ MAG NIF' I CENCE, grandeur.
+ UN A BAT' ED, undiminished.
+ RE SERV' ED, kept.
+ EN TRANC' ED, enraptured.
+ PROM' ON TO RY, headland.
+ RE VEAL'ED, laid open.
+ SYM' BOL, token; sign.
+ AD A MAN TINE, exceedingly hard.
+ AP PER TAIN' ING, belonging.
+ TRANS FORM' ING, changing.
+
+[Headnote 1: AC' TI UM is the ancient name of a promontory of Albania,
+in Turkey in Europe, near which was fought (B.C. 29) the celebrated
+naval battle that made Augustus Caesar master of the Roman world.]
+
+[Headnote 2: SAL' A MIS, an island opposite Attica, in Greece, near
+which (B.C. 480) occurred the famous naval engagement which resulted in
+the defeat of the Persians.]
+
+[Headnote 3: NAV A RI' NO is a seaport town on the southwestern coast of
+Greece. It was the scene of the memorable victory of the combined
+English, French, and Russian fleets over those of the Turks and
+Egyptians, gained on the 20th of October, 1827.]
+
+[Headnote 4: TRA FAL GAR', a cape on the southwestern coast of Spain.
+It is famous for the great naval battle, fought in its vicinity,
+Oct. 21st, 1805, between the fleets of the French and Spanish on the
+one side, and the English, under Lord Nelson, on the other. The English
+were victorious, though Nelson was mortally wounded.]
+
+
+GRANDEUR OF THE OCEAN.
+
+WALTER COLTON.
+
+1. The most fearful and impressive exhibitions of power known to our
+globe, belong to the ocean. The volcano, with its ascending flame and
+falling torrents of fire, and the earthquake, whose footstep is on the
+ruin of cities, are circumscribed in the desolating range of their
+visitations. But the ocean, when it once rouses itself in its chainless
+strength, shakes a thousand shores with its storm and thunder. Navies of
+oak and iron are tossed in mockery from its crest, and armaments, manned
+by the strength and courage of millions, perish among its bubbles.
+
+2. The avalanche, shaken from its glittering steep, if it rolls to the
+bosom of the earth, melts away, and is lost in vapor; but if it plunge
+into the embrace of the ocean, this mountain mass of ice and hail is
+borne about for ages in tumult and terror; it is the drifting monument
+of the ocean's dead. The tempest on land is impeded by forests, and
+broken by mountains; but on the plain of the deep it rushes unresisted;
+and when its strength is at last spent, ten thousand giant waves still
+roll its terrors onward.
+
+3. The mountain lake and the meadow stream are inhabited only by the
+timid prey of the angler; but the ocean is the home of the
+leviathan,--his ways are in the mighty deep. The glittering pebble and
+the rainbow-tinted shell, which the returning tide has left on the
+shore, and the watery gem which the pearl-diver reaches at the peril of
+his life, are all that man can filch from the treasures of the sea. The
+groves of coral which wave over its pavements, and the halls of amber
+which glow in its depths, are beyond his approaches, save when he goes
+down there to seek, amid their silent magnificence, his burial monument.
+
+4. The islands, the continents, the shores of civilized and savage
+realms, the capitals of kings, are worn by time, washed away by the
+wave, consumed by the flame, or sunk by the earthquake; but the ocean
+still remains, and still rolls on in the greatness of its unabated
+strength. Over the majesty of its form and the marvel of its might, time
+and disaster have no power. Such as creation's dawn beheld, it rolleth
+now.
+
+5. The vast clouds of vapor which roll up from its bosom, float away to
+encircle the globe: on distant mountains and deserts they pour out their
+watery treasures, which gather themselves again in streams and torrents,
+to return, with exulting bounds, to their parent ocean. These are the
+messengers which proclaim in every land the exhaustless resources of the
+sea; but it is reserved for those who go down in ships, and who do
+business in the great waters, to see the works of the Lord and His
+wonders in the deep.
+
+6. Let one go upon deck in the middle watch of a still night, with
+naught above him but the silent and solemn skies, and naught around and
+beneath him but an interminable waste of waters, and with the conviction
+that there is but a plank between him and eternity, a feeling of
+loneliness, solitude, and desertion, mingled with a sentiment of
+reverence for the vast, mysterious and unknown, will come upon him with
+a power, all unknown before, and he might stand for hours entranced in
+reverence and tears.
+
+7. Man, also, has made the ocean the theater of _his_ power. The ship in
+which he rides that element, is one of the highest triumphs of his
+skill. At first, this floating fabric was only a frail bark, slowly
+urged by the laboring oar. The sail, at length, arose and spread its
+wings to the wind. Still he had no power to direct his course when the
+lofty promontory sunk from sight, or the orbs above him were lost in
+clouds. But the secret of the magnet is, at length, revealed to him, and
+his needle now settles, with a fixedness which love has stolen as the
+symbol of its constancy, to the polar star.
+
+8. Now, however, he can dispense even with sail, and wind, and flowing
+wave. He constructs and propels his vast engines of flame and vapor,
+and, through the solitude of the sea, as over the solid land, goes
+thundering on his track. On the ocean, too, thrones have been lost and
+won. On the fate of Actium [Headnote 1] was suspended the empire of the
+world. In the gulf of Salamis,[Headnote 2] the pride of Persia found a
+grave; and the crescent set forever in the waters of Navarino;[Headnote
+3] while, at Trafalgar [Headnote 4] and the Nile, nations held their
+breath,
+
+ As each gun,
+ From its adamantine lips,
+ Spread a death-shade round the ships
+ Like the hurricane's eclipse
+ Of the sun.
+
+9. But, of all the wonders appertaining to the ocean, the greatest,
+perhaps, is its transforming power on man. It unravels and weaves anew
+the web of his moral and social being. It invests him with feelings,
+associations, and habits, to which he has been an entire stranger. It
+breaks up the sealed fountain of his nature, and lifts his soul into
+features prominent as the cliffs which beetle over its surge.
+
+10. Once the adopted child of the ocean, he can never bring back his
+entire sympathies to land. He will still move in his dreams over that
+vast waste of waters, still bound in exultation and triumph through its
+foaming billows. All the other realities of life will be comparatively
+tame, and he will sigh for his tossing element, as the caged eagle for
+the roar and arrowy light of his mountain cataract.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What is said of the volcano and earthquake? 2. Of the
+avalanche and tempest? 3. Of the ocean? 4. Of ships? 5. Where have
+naval battles been fought? 6. What influence has the ocean on man?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XCIV.
+
+ RE LAX' ED, loosened.
+ AS SI DU' I TIES, kind, constant attentions.
+ CON SIGN' ED, committed; given over.
+ EX TE' RI OR, outer appearance.
+ UN AF FECT' ED, sincere.
+ UN PRE TEND' ING, unostentatious.
+ HA BIL' I MENTS, vestments.
+ SU PER STI' TIOUS, full of scruples.
+ REC' ON CILE, make willing.
+ PEN' E TRATES, sees through.
+ PER VADE', (PER, _through_; VADE, _go_, or _pass_;) pass
+ through; appear throughout.
+
+
+A BURIAL AT SEA.
+
+WALTER COLTON.
+
+1. Death is a fearful thing, come in what form it may,--fearful, when
+the vital chords are so gradually relaxed, that life passes away sweetly
+as music from the slumbering harp-string,--fearful, when in his own
+quiet chamber, the departing one is summoned by those who sweetly follow
+him with their prayers, when the assiduities of friendship and affection
+can go no farther, and who discourse of heaven and future blessedness,
+till the closing ear can no longer catch the tones of the long-familiar
+voice, and who, lingering near, still feel for the hushed pulse, and
+then trace in the placid slumber, which pervades each feature, a quiet
+emblem of the spirit's serene repose.
+
+2. What, then, must this dread event be to one, who meets it
+comparatively alone, far away from the hearth of his home, upon a
+troubled sea, between the narrow decks of a restless ship, and at that
+dread hour of night, when even the sympathies of the world seem
+suspended! Such has been the end of many who traverse the ocean; and
+such was the hurried end of him, whose remains we have just consigned to
+a watery grave.
+
+3. He was a sailor; but, beneath his rude exterior, he carried a heart
+touched with refinement, pride, and greatness. There was something about
+him, which spoke of better days and a higher destiny. By what errors or
+misfortunes he was reduced to his humble condition, was a secret which
+he would reveal to none. Silent, reserved, and thoughtful, he stood a
+stranger among his free companions, and never was his voice heard in the
+laughter or the jest. He has undoubtedly left behind many who will long
+look for his return, and bitterly weep when they are told they shall see
+his face no more.
+
+4. As the remains of the poor sailor were brought up on deck, wound in
+that hammock which, through many a stormy night, had swung to the wind,
+one could not but observe the big tear that stole unconsciously down the
+rough cheeks of his hardy companions. When the funeral service was read
+to that most affecting passage, "we commit this body to the deep," and
+the plank was raised which precipitated to the momentary eddy of the
+wave the quickly disappearing form, a heavy sigh from those around, told
+that the strong heart of the sailor can be touched with grief, and that
+a truly unaffected sorrow may accompany virtue, in its most unpretending
+form, to its ocean grave. Yet how soon is such a scene forgotten!
+
+ "As from the wing the sky no scar retains,
+ The parted wave no furrow from the keel,
+ So dies in human hearts the thought of death."
+
+5. There is something peculiarly melancholy and impressive in a burial
+at sea: there is here no coffin or hearse, procession or tolling
+bell,--nothing that gradually prepares us for the final separation. The
+body is wound in the drapery of its couch, much as if the deceased were
+only in a quiet and temporary sleep. In these habiliments of seeming
+slumber, it is dropped into the wave, the waters close over it, the
+vessel passes quickly on, and not a solitary trace is left to tell where
+sunk from light and life, one that loved to look at the sky and breathe
+this vital air.
+
+6. There is nothing that, for one moment, can point to the deep,
+unvisited resting-place of the departed,--it is a grave in the midst of
+the ocean,--in the midst of a vast, untrodden solitude. Affection can
+not approach it, with its tears; the dews of heaven can not reach it;
+and there is around it no violet, or shrub, or murmuring stream.
+
+7. It may be superstitious; but no advantages of wealth, or honor, or
+power, through life, would reconcile me at its close to such a burial. I
+would rather share the coarse and scanty provisions of the simplest
+cabin, and drop away unknown and unhonored by the world, so that my
+final resting-place be beneath some green tree, by the side of some
+living stream, or in some familiar spot, where the few that loved me in
+life, might visit me in death.
+
+8. But, whether our grave be in the fragrant shade, or in the fathomless
+ocean, among our kindred, or in the midst of strangers, the day is
+coming when we shall all appear at one universal bar, and receive from a
+righteous Judge the award of our deeds. He that is wisest, penetrates
+the future the deepest.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What is said of death? 2. What, of death at sea?
+3. What renders a burial at sea peculiarly melancholy and impressive?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XCV.
+
+ MYS TE' RI OUS, secret; mystical.
+ UN RECK' ED, unheeded.
+ AR' GO SIES, ships of great burden.
+ WR ATH' FUL, furious; raging.
+ PAL' A CES, splendid mansions.
+ SCORN' FUL, disdainful.
+ DE CAY', ruin; destruction.
+ BOOM' ING, roaring.
+ FES' TAL, joyous; merry.
+ RE CLAIM', claim again; recover.
+
+
+THE TREASURES OF THE DEEP.
+
+MRS. HERMANS.
+
+1. What hid'st thou in thy treasure-caves and cells?
+ Thou hollow-sounding and mysterious main!
+ Pale, glistening pearls, and rainbow-colored shells,
+ Bright things which gleam unrecked of, and in vain!
+ Keep, keep thy riches, melancholy sea!
+ We ask not such from thee.
+
+2. Yet more, the depths have more! what wealth untold,
+ Far down, and shining through their stillness lies!
+ Thou hast the starry gems, the burning gold,
+ Won from ten thousand royal argosies!
+ Sweep o'er thy spoils, thou wild and wrathful main!
+ Earth claims not _these_ again.
+
+3. Yet more, the depths have more! thy waves have rolled
+ Above the cities of a world gone by!
+ Sand hath filled up the palaces of old,
+ Sea-weed o'ergrown the halls of revelry.
+ Dash o'er them, Ocean! in thy scornful play!
+ Man yields them to decay.
+
+4. Yet more, the billows and the depths have more!
+ High hearts and brave are gathered to thy breast!
+ They hear not now the booming waters roar;
+ The battle-thunders will not break their rest.
+ Keep thy red gold and gems, thou stormy grave!
+ Give back the true and brave!
+
+5. Give back the lost and lovely,--those for whom
+ The place was kept at board and hearth so long,
+ The prayer went up through midnight's breathless gloom,
+ And the vain yearning woke 'midst festal song!
+ Hold fast thy buried isles, thy towers o'erthrown;
+ But all is not thine own.
+
+6. To thee the love of woman hath gone down;
+ Dark flow thy tides o'er manhood's noble head,
+ O'er youth's bright locks, and beauty's flowery crown,
+ Yet must thou hear a voice,--_Restore the dead!_
+ Earth shall reclaim her precious things from thee!
+ _Restore the dead, thou Sea!_
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What are some of the treasures of the deep? 2. What
+treasures has the sea won from trading vessels? 3. Over what does the
+sea roll? 4. What does the writer call on the sea to restore?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XCVI.
+
+ UN FOR' TU NATE, wretched person.
+ CER E MENTS, grave-clothes.
+ SCRU' TI NY, inquiry.
+ MU' TI NY, resistance to rightful rule.
+ WON' DER MENT, curiosity.
+ PROV' I DENCE, care; protection.
+ A MAZE' MENT, astonishment.
+ DIS' SO LUTE, abandoned; licentious.
+ SPUR' RED, pushed on; impelled.
+ CON' TU ME LY, scorn; insult.
+ IN HU MAN' I TY, cruel treatment.
+ IN SAN' I TY, madness.
+
+
+THE BRIDGE OF SIGHS.
+
+THOMAS HOOD.
+
+ 1. One more Unfortunate,
+ Weary of breath,
+ Rashly importunate,
+ Gone to her death!
+
+ 2. Take her up tenderly,
+ Lift her with care,
+ Fashioned so slenderly,
+ Young, and so fair!
+
+ 3. Look at her garments
+ Clinging like cerements;
+ While the wave constantly
+ Drips from her clothing;
+ Take her up instantly,
+ Loving, not loathing.
+
+ 4. Touch her not scornfully;
+ Think of her mournfully,
+ Gently and humanly;
+ Not of the stains of her;
+ All that remains of her
+ Now, is pure womanly.
+
+ 5. Make no deep scrutiny
+ Into her mutiny,
+ Rash and undutiful;
+ Past all dishonor,
+ Death has left on her
+ Only the beautiful.
+
+ 6. Loop up her tresses
+ Escaped from the comb,--
+ Her fair auburn tresses;
+ While wonderment guesses
+ Where was her home?
+
+ 7. Who was her father`?
+ Who was her mother`?
+ Had she a sister'?
+ Had she a brother'?
+ Or, was there a dearer one
+ Still, and a nearer one
+ Yet, than all other'?
+
+ 8. Alas! for the rarity
+ Of Christian charity
+ Under the sun!
+ Oh! it was pitiful!
+ Near a whole city full,
+ Home she had none.
+
+ 9. Sisterly, brotherly,
+ Fatherly, motherly,
+ Feelings had changed:
+ Love, by harsh evidence,
+ Thrown from its eminence;
+ Even God's providence
+ Seeming estranged.
+
+10. Where the lamps quiver
+ So far in the river,
+ With many a light
+ From window and casement,
+ From garret to basement,
+ She stood with amazement,
+ Houseless by night.
+
+11. The bleak winds of March
+ Made her tremble and shiver
+ But not the dark arch,
+ Or the black flowing river,
+ Mad from life's history,
+ Glad to death's mystery,
+ Swift to be hurled--
+ Anywhere, anywhere,
+ Out of the world!
+
+12. In she plunged boldly,
+ No matter how coldly
+ The rough river ran--
+ Picture it--think of it,
+ Dissolute Man!
+
+13. Take her up tenderly,
+ Lift her with care,
+ Fashioned so slenderly,
+ Young, and so fair!
+
+14. Perishing gloomily,
+ Spurred by contumely,
+ Cold inhumanity,
+ Burning insanity,
+ Into her rest,
+ Cross her hands humbly,
+ As if praying dumbly,
+ Over her breast!
+
+15. Owning her weakness,
+ Her evil behavior,
+ And leaving, with meekness,
+ Her sins to her Savior!
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XCVII.
+
+ RE' QUI EM, hymn in honor of the dead.
+ WED, joined; united.
+ HENCE' FORTH, hereafter.
+ DROOP, languish; fail.
+ AF FEC TION, love.
+ DIM' MED, dull; obscured.
+
+
+A REQUIEM.
+
+1. Breathe low, thou gentle wind,
+(pl) Breathe soft and low;
+ The beautiful lies dead!
+ The joy of life is fled!
+ And my lone heart is wed
+ Henceforth to woe!
+
+2. That thou should'st droop and die
+ At early morn!
+ While yet thy graceful dew
+ A joyous fragrance drew
+ From every flower that grew
+ Life's path along!
+
+3. The green earth mourns for thee,
+ Thou dearest one;
+ A plaintive tone is heard,
+ And flower and leaflet stirred,
+ And every fav'rite bird
+ Sings sad and lone.
+
+4. Pale is thy brow, and dimmed
+ Thy sparkling eye!
+ Affection's sweetest token
+ Is lost fore'er and broken!
+ The last kind word is spoken,--
+ Why did'st thou die?
+
+5. Breathe low, thou gentle wind,
+ Breathe soft and low;
+ The beautiful lies dead!
+ The joy of life is fled!
+ And my lone heart is wed
+ Henceforth to woe!
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What rule for changing _y_ into _i_ in the word
+_beautiful?_ See ANALYSIS, page 13, Rule XI. 2. Why are _r_ and _m_
+doubled in the words _stirred, dimmed?_ See Rule IX. 3. What is the
+meaning of the suffix _let_, in the word _leaflet?_ See page 240, Ex.
+185.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XCVIII.
+
+ LUX U' RI ANT, rich; plentiful.
+ UN OS TEN TA' TIOUS, plain; not showy.
+ RE VER EN' TIAL, deeply respectful.
+ RE CEP' TA CLE, place of reception.
+ SEM' I CIR CLE, half-circle.
+ REC OG NI' TION, act of knowing.
+ AG RI CUL' TUR AL, relating to farming.
+ BEN E DIC' TION, blessing.
+ DI' A RY, note-book; journal.
+ SO JOURN' ED, resided for a while.
+ AC CLA MA' TIONS, shouts.
+ TRI UMPH' AL, relating to victory.
+ GRAT U LA' TION, rejoicing.
+ IN AUG U RA' TION, act of investing with office.
+ EN FRAN' CHIS ED, freed; liberated.
+
+[Headnote 1: SAR COPH' A GUS, (SARCO, _flesh_; and PHAGUS, _that which
+eats or devours_,) is made up of two Greek words, signifying together
+_flesh-eating_, and was applied by the ancients to a species of stone,
+used for making coffins. Hence, sarcophagus came to signify a
+_stone-coffin_. The form of the plural in Latin, is _sarcophagi_.]
+
+[Headnote 2: BAS' TILE, (_bas' teel_,) an old state prison in Paris,
+built in 1369, and destroyed by a mob in 1789.]
+
+
+VISIT TO MOUNT VERNON.
+
+A.C. RITCHIE.
+
+1. At this moment, we drew near the rude wharf at Mount Vernon; the boat
+stopped, and the crowd of passengers landed. By a narrow pathway we
+ascended a majestic hill thickly draped with trees. The sun scarcely
+found its way through the luxuriant foliage. We mounted slowly, but had
+only spent a few minutes in ascending, when we came suddenly upon a
+picturesque nook, where a cluster of unostentatious, white marble
+shafts, shot from the greenly sodded earth, inclosed by iron railings.
+Those unpretending monuments mark the localities where repose the mortal
+remains of Washington's kindred.
+
+2. Just beyond stands a square brick building. In the center you see an
+iron gate. Here the crowd pauses in reverential silence. Men lift their
+hats and women bow their heads. You behold within, two sarcophagi.
+[Headnote 1] In those moldering tombs lie the ashes of the great
+Washington and his wife. Not a word is uttered as the crowd stand
+gazing on this lowly receptacle of the dust of America's mighty dead.
+
+3. Are there any in that group who can say, "this was _our_ country's
+father'?" If there be, can they stand pilgrims at that grave without
+Washington's examples, his counsels, his words, heretofore, it may be,
+half-forgotten, stealing back into their minds, until the sense of
+reverence and gratitude is deepened almost to awe? Do they not feel that
+Washington's spirit is abroad in the world, filling the souls of a
+heaven-favored people with the love of freedom and of country, though
+his ashes are gathered here'?
+
+4. Some one moves to pass on; and, with that first step, the spell is
+broken; others follow. Herman and Jessie linger last. After a period of
+mute and moving reflection, they turn away and slowly approach the
+mansion that, in simple, rural stateliness, stands upon a noble
+promontory, belted with woods, and half-girdled by the sparkling waters
+of the Potomac, which flow in a semicircle around a portion of the
+mount.
+
+5. The water and woodland view from the portico is highly imposing. But
+it was not the mere recognition of the picturesque and beautiful in
+nature, that moved Herman and Jessie. They would have felt that they
+were on holy ground, had the landscape been devoid of natural charm.
+Here the feet of the first of heroes had trod, and here, in boyhood, he
+had sported with his beloved brother Lawrence.
+
+6. In those forests, those deep-wooded glens, he had hunted, when a
+stripling, by the side of old Lord Fairfax; here he took his first
+lessons in the art of war; to this home he brought his bride; by this
+old-fashioned, hospitable-looking fireside, he sat with that dear and
+faithful wife; beneath yonder alley of lofty trees he has often wandered
+by her side; here he indulged the agricultural tastes in which he
+delighted; here resigned his Cincinnatus vocation, and bade adieu to his
+cherished home at the summons of his country.
+
+7. Here his wife received the letter which told her that he had been
+appointed Commander-in-chief of the army; here, when the glorious
+struggle closed at the trumpet notes of victory--when the British had
+retired--when, with tears coursing down his benignant, manly
+countenance, he had uttered a touching farewell--bestowed a paternal
+benediction on the American army, and resigned all public service--
+_here_ he returned, thinking to resume the rural pursuits that charmed
+him, and to end his days in peace!
+
+8. Here are the trees, the shrubbery he planted with his own hands, and
+noted in his diary; here are the columns of the portico round which he
+twined the coral honeysuckle; the ivy he transplanted still clings to
+yonder garden wall; these vistas he opened through yon pine groves to
+command far-off views! Here the valiant Lafayette sojourned with him;
+there hangs the key of the Bastile [Headnote 2] which he presented.
+
+9. Here flocked the illustrious men of all climes, and were received
+with warm, unpretending, almost rustic hospitality. Here the French
+Houdon modeled his statue, and the English Pine painted his portrait,
+and caused that jocose remark, "I am so hackneyed to the touches of the
+painters' pencil, that I am altogether at their beck, and sit like
+'Patience on a monument!'"
+
+10. Then came another summons from the land he had saved, and he was
+chosen by unanimous voice its chief ruler. Thousands of men, women, and
+children, sent up acclamations, and called down blessings on his head,
+as he made his triumphal progress from Mount Vernon to New York, to take
+the presidential oath. The roar of cannon rent the air. The streets
+through which he passed, were illuminated and decked with flags and
+wreaths. Bonfires blazed on the hills. From ships and boats floated
+festive decorations. At Gray's Ferry, he passed under triumphal arches.
+
+11. On the bridge across the Assumpink, at Trenton, (the very bridge
+over which he had retreated in such blank despair, before the army of
+Cornwallis, on the eve of the battle of Princeton,) thirteen pillars,
+twined with laurel and evergreens, were reared by woman's hands. The
+foremost of the arches those columns supported, bore the inscription,
+_"The Defender of the Mothers will he the Protector of the Daughters."_
+Mothers, with their white-robed daughters, were assembled beneath the
+vernal arcade. Thirteen maidens scattered flowers beneath his feet, as
+they sang an ode of gratulation. The people's hero ever after spoke of
+this tribute, as the one that touched him most deeply.
+
+13. When his first presidential term expired, and his heart yearned for
+the peace of his domestic hearth, the entreaties of Jefferson, Randolph,
+and Hamilton, forced him to forget that home for the one he held in the
+hearts of patriots, and to allow his name to be used a second time. A
+second time he was unanimously elected to preside over his country's
+welfare. But, the period happily expired, he thankfully laid aside the
+mantle of state, the scepter of power, and, five days after the
+inauguration of Adams, returned here to his Mount Vernon home. And here
+the good servant, whom his Lord, when He came, found watching and ready,
+calmly yielded up his breath, exclaiming, "It is well!" and his spirit
+was wafted to Heaven by the blessings of his enfranchised countrymen.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Where is Mount Vernon? 2. What is said of Washington's
+tomb? 3. Mention some of the things which he did here? 4. What
+demonstrations were made by the people, as he went to New York to take
+the oath of office? 5. Did he serve more than one term as President?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XCIX.
+
+ CHIV' AL ROUS, gallant; heroic.
+ HAL' LOW, consecrate; keep sacred.
+ MER' CE NA RY, mean; venal.
+ AD VEN' TUR ER, fortune-seeker.
+ VAN' QUISH ED, conquered.
+ OUT' CAST, exile; castaway.
+ TRAP' PINGS, ornaments; equipments.
+ CRU SADE', battle zealously.
+ CA REER' ED, moved rapidly.
+ PHAL' ANX, compact body of men.
+ TRANS PORT' ING, exulting.
+ TRO PHIES, memorials of victory.
+ PA' GEANT, pompous; showy.
+ MIN' ION, favorite.
+
+
+LA FAYETTE.
+
+CHARLES SPRAGUE.
+
+1. While we bring our offerings for the mighty of our _own_ land, shall
+we not remember the chivalrous spirits of _other_ shores, who shared
+with them the hour of weakness and woe'? Pile to the clouds the majestic
+column of glory`; let the lips of those who can speak well, hallow each
+spot where the bones of your bold repose`; but forget not those who,
+with your bold, went out to battle.
+
+2. Among those men of noble daring, there was _one_, a young and gallant
+stranger, who left the blushing vine-hills of his delightful France. The
+people whom he came to succor, were not _his_ people; he knew them only
+in the melancholy story of their wrongs. He was no mercenary adventurer,
+striving for the spoil of the vanquished; the palace acknowledged him
+for its lord, and the valley yielded him its increase. He was no
+nameless man, staking life for reputation; he ranked among nobles, and
+looked unawed upon kings.
+
+3. He was no friendless outcast, seeking for a grave to hide a broken
+heart; he was girdled by the companions of his childhood; his kinsmen
+were about him; his wife was before him. Yet from all these loved ones
+he turned away. Like a lofty tree that shakes down its green glories, to
+battle with the winter storm, he flung aside the trappings of place and
+pride, to crusade for Freedom, in Freedom's holy land. He came`; but not
+in the day of successful rebellion', not when the new-risen sun of
+Independence had burst the cloud of time, and careered to its place in
+the heavens'.
+
+4. He came when darkness curtained the hills, and the tempest was abroad
+in its anger`; when the plow stood still in the field of promise, and
+briers cumbered the garden of beauty`; when fathers were dying, and
+mothers were weeping over them`; when the wife was binding up the gashed
+bosom of her husband, and the maiden was wiping the death-damp from the
+brow of her lover`. He came when the brave began to fear the power of
+man, and the pious to doubt the favor of God. It was _then_ that this
+one joined the ranks of a revolted people.
+
+5. Freedom's little phalanx bade him a grateful welcome. With them he
+courted the battle's rage; with theirs, his arm was lifted; with theirs,
+his blood was shed. Long and doubtful was the conflict. At length, kind
+Heaven smiled on the good cause, and the beaten invaders fled. The
+profane were driven from the temple of Liberty, and, at her pure shrine,
+the pilgrim-warrior, with his adored commander, knelt and worshiped.
+Leaving there his offering, the incense of an uncorrupted spirit, he at
+length rose, and, crowned with benedictions, turned his happy feet
+toward his long-deserted home.
+
+6. After nearly fifty years, that _one_ has come again. Can mortal
+tongue tell? can mortal heart feel, the sublimity of that coming?
+Exulting millions rejoice in it; and their loud, long, transporting
+shout, like the mingling of many winds, rolls on, undying, to Freedom's
+farthest mountains. A congregated nation comes around him. Old men bless
+him, and children reverence him. The lovely come out to look upon him;
+the learned deck their halls to greet him; the rulers of the land rise
+up to do him homage.
+
+7. How his full heart labors! He views the rusting trophies of departed
+days; he treads the high places where his brethren molder; he bends
+before the tomb of his "father;" [Footnote: Washington] his words are
+tears,--the speech of sad remembrance. But he looks round upon a
+ransomed land and a joyous race; he beholds the blessings these trophies
+secured, for which these brethren died, for which that "father" lived;
+and again his words are tears,--the eloquence of gratitude and joy.
+
+8. Spread forth creation like a map; bid earth's dead multitudes revive;
+and of all the pageant splendors that ever glittered to the sun, when
+looked his burning eye on a sight like this? Of all the myriads that
+have come and gone, what cherished minion ever ruled an hour like this?
+Many have struck the redeeming blow for their own freedom; but who, like
+this man, has bared his bosom in the cause of strangers?
+
+9. Others have lived in the love of their own people; but who, like this
+man, has drank his sweetest cup of welcome with another? Matchless
+chief! of glory's immortal tablets there is one for him, for _him_
+alone! Oblivion shall never shroud its splendor; the everlasting flame
+of Liberty shall guard it, that the generations of men may repeat the
+name recorded there, the beloved name of LA FAYETTE.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Of what country was La Fayette a native? 2. What was his
+position at home? 3. In what condition was this country when he came to
+join our army? 4. How many years after, before he revisited this
+country? 5. What demonstrations were manifested by the people? 6. What
+is said of his fame?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON C.
+
+ PRO FU' SION, abundance; variety.
+ CON FU' SION, intricacy; indistinct movement.
+ COM MO TION, agitation; shaking.
+ RE SULT', effect.
+ DI MIN' ISH, lessen.
+ MYS' TER Y, maze; secrecy.
+ HIS' TO RY, plain matter of fact.
+ PA' GES, boy-servants; attendants.
+ SPAR' RING, boxing; disputing.
+ PUP' PETS, dolls; small figures of persons.
+ FIN ISH, completion.
+ GLO' RI OUS, grand; splendid.
+ RE JECT, refuse; deny.
+ RE FLECT' ED, turned back; borrowed.
+
+
+THE MYSTIC WEAVER.
+
+REV. DR. HARBAUGH.
+
+ 1. Weaver at his loom is sitting,
+ Throws his shuttle to and fro;
+ Foot and treadle,
+ Hand and pedal,
+ Upward, downward,
+ Hither, thither,
+ How the weaver makes them go!
+ As the weaver _wills_ they go.
+ Up and down the web is plying,
+ And across the woof is flying;
+ What a rattling!
+ What a battling!
+ What a shuffling!
+ What a scuffling!
+ As the weaver makes his shuttle,
+ Hither, thither, scud and scuttle.
+
+ 2. Threads in single,
+ Threads in double;
+ How they mingle!
+ What a trouble,
+ Every color!
+ What profusion!
+ Every motion--
+ What confusion!
+ While the web and woof are mingling,
+ Signal bells above are jingling,
+ Telling how each figure ranges,
+ Telling when the color changes,
+ As the weaver makes his shuttle,
+ Hither, thither, scud and scuttle.
+
+ 3. Weaver at his loom is sitting,
+ Throws his shuttle to and fro;
+ 'Mid the noise and wild confusion,
+ Well the weaver seems to know,
+ As he makes his shuttle go,
+ What each motion,
+ And commotion,
+ What each fusion,
+ And confusion,
+ In the _grand result_ will show:
+ Weaving daily,
+ Singing gayly,
+ As he makes his busy shuttle,
+ Hither, thither, scud and scuttle.
+
+ 4. Weaver at his loom is sitting,
+ Throws his shuttle to and fro;
+ See you not how shape and order
+ From the wild confusion grow,
+ As he makes his shuttle go'?
+ As the web and woof diminish,
+ Grows beyond the beauteous finish:
+ Tufted plaidings,
+ Shapes and shadings,
+ All the mystery
+ Now is history:
+ And we see the reason subtle,
+ Why the weaver makes his shuttle,
+ Hither, thither, scud and scuttle.
+
+ 5. See the Mystic Weaver sitting,
+ High in Heaven--His loom below.
+ Up and down the treadles go:
+ Takes for web the world's long ages,
+ Takes for woof its kings and sages,
+ Takes the nobles and their pages,
+ Takes all stations and all stages.
+ Thrones are bobbins in His shuttle;
+ Armies make them scud and scuttle.
+
+ 6. Web into the woof must flow,
+ Up and down the nations go,
+ As the Weaver _wills_ they go.
+ Men are sparring,
+ Powers are jarring,
+ Upward, downward,
+ Hither, thither,
+ See how strange the nations go,
+ Just like puppets in a show.
+ Up and down the web is plying
+ And across the woof is flying.
+ What a rattling!
+ What a battling!
+ What a shuffling!
+ What a scuffling!
+ As the Weaver makes His shuttle
+ Hither, thither, scud and scuttle.
+
+ 7. Calmly see the Mystic Weaver,
+ Throw His shuttle to and fro;
+ 'Mid the noise and wild confusion,
+ Well the Weaver seems to know
+ What each motion
+ And commotion,
+ What each fusion
+ And confusion,
+ In the grand result will show,
+ As the nations,
+ Kings and stations,
+ Upward, downward,
+ Hither, thither,
+ As in mystic dances, go.
+
+ 8. In the Present all is mystery,
+ In the Past 'tis beauteous History.
+ O'er the mixing and the mingling,
+ How the signal bells are jingling!
+ See you not the Weaver leaving
+ Finished work behind in weaving'?
+ See you not the reason subtle,
+ As the web and woof diminish,
+ Changing into beauteous finish,
+ Why the Weaver makes His shuttle,
+ Hither, thither, scud and scuttle'?
+
+ 9. _Glorious wonder_! What a weaving!
+ To the dull beyond believing!
+ Such no fabled ages know.
+ Only Faith can see the mystery
+ How, along the aisle of History
+ Where the feet of sages go,
+ Loveliest to the purest eyes,
+ Grand the mystic tapet lies!
+ Soft and smooth and even-spreading
+ As if made for angels' treading;
+ Tufted circles touching ever,
+ Inwrought figures fading never;
+ Every figure has its plaidings,
+ Brighter form and softer shadings;
+ Each illuminated,--what a riddle!--
+ From a Cross that gems the middle.
+
+10. 'Tis a saying--some reject it,--
+ That its light is all reflected:
+ That the tapet's hues are given
+ By a Sun that shines in Heaven!
+ 'Tis believed, by all believing
+ That great God Himself is weaving!
+ Bringing out the world's dark mystery
+ In the light of Faith and History;
+ And, as web and woof diminish,
+ Comes the grand and glorious finish:
+ When begin the golden ages,
+ Long foretold by seers and sages.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Describe the process of weaving. 2. Who are weaving the
+web of history?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CI.
+
+ CON FOUND', perplex; confuse.
+ WOOF, cloth; texture.
+ RAR' ER, scarcer; more excellent.
+ PRAI' RIES, large tracts of land, with few trees, and covered
+ with grass.
+ SAV' AGE, wild; uncultivated.
+ SAVAN'NA, open meadow or plain.
+ PI O NEERS', persons that go before to prepare the way for
+ others.
+ SCOUTS, spies.
+ HEART' EN, encourage.
+ SCAN' NED, closely examined.
+ CLEAV' ING, parting; separating.
+ HOL' I DAY, day of rest or joy.
+
+
+WORK AWAY.
+
+HARPERS' MAGAZINE.
+
+1. Work away!
+ For the Master's eye is on us,
+ Never off us, still upon us,
+ Night and day!
+ Work away!
+ Keep the busy fingers plying,
+ Keep the ceaseless shuttles flying,
+ See that never thread lie wrong;
+ Let not clash or clatter round us,
+ Sound of whirring wheels, confound us;
+ Steady hand! let woof be strong
+ And firm, that has to last so long?
+ Work away!
+
+2. Keep upon the anvil ringing
+ Stroke of hammer; on the gloom
+ Set 'twixt cradle and the tomb,
+ Showers of fiery sparkles flinging;
+ Keep the mighty furnace glowing;
+ Keep the red ore hissing, flowing
+ Swift within the ready mold;
+ See that each one than the old
+ Still be fitter, still be fairer
+ For the servant's use, and rarer
+ For the Master to behold:
+ Work away!
+
+3. Work away!
+ For the Leader's eye is on us,
+ Never off us, still upon us,
+ Night and day!
+ Wide the trackless prairies round us,
+ Dark and unsunned woods surround us,
+ Steep and savage mountains bound us;
+ Far away
+ Smile the soft savannas green,
+ Rivers sweep and roll between:
+ Work away!
+
+4. Bring your axes, woodmen true;
+ Smite the forest till the blue
+ Of heaven's sunny eye looks through
+ Every wild and tangled glade;
+ Jungled swamp and thicket shade
+ Give to day!
+
+5. O'er the torrents fling your bridges,
+ Pioneers! Upon the ridges
+ Widen, smooth the rocky stair,--
+ They that follow far behind
+ Coming after us, will find
+ Surer, easier footing there;
+ Heart to heart, and hand with hand,
+ From the dawn to dusk of day,
+ Work away!
+ Scouts upon the mountain's peak,--
+ Ye that see the Promised Land,
+ Hearten us! for ye can speak
+ Of the Country ye have scanned,
+ Far away!
+
+6. Work away!
+ For the Father's eye is on us,
+ Never off us, still upon us,
+ Night and day!
+ WORK AND PRAY!
+ Pray! and Work will be completer;
+ Work! and Prayer will be the sweeter;
+ Love! and Prayer and Work the fleeter
+ Will ascend upon their way!
+
+7. Fear not lest the busy finger
+ Weave a net the soul to stay;
+ Give her wings,--she will not linger,
+ Soaring to the source of day;
+ Clearing clouds that still divide us
+ From the azure depths of rest,
+ She will come again! beside us,
+ With the sunshine on her breast,
+ Sit, and sing to us, while quickest
+ On their task the fingers move,
+ While the outward din wars thickest,
+ Songs that she hath learned above.
+
+8. Live in Future as in Present;
+ Work for both while yet the day
+ Is our own! for lord and peasant,
+ Long and bright as summer's day,
+ Cometh, yet more sure, more pleasant,
+ Cometh soon our Holiday;
+ Work away!
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CII.
+
+ PROP O SI' TION, proposal.
+ AD HE' SION, attraction.
+ AB SURD I TY, folly; nonsense.
+ VIS' ION ARY, fanciful; imaginary.
+ DIS CUS' SION, debate; controversy.
+ THE' O RY, idea; scheme of doctrine.
+ AM BAS' SA DOR, messenger; deputy.
+ NAV' I GA TORS, voyagers; seamen.
+ SPEC U LA' TION, theory; mental view.
+ EN' TER PRISE, attempt; undertaking.
+ FRI VOL' I TY, levity; triflingness.
+ PRE SENT' I MENT, previous notice.
+
+ AN TIP' O DES, (ANTI, _opposite_; PODES, _the feet_;) having
+ their feet opposite to ours; that is, living on the other side
+ of the earth.
+
+[Headnote 1: GEN O ESE', a native of Genoa,--a famous fortified seaport
+city in Northern Italy.]
+
+[Headnote 2: LAC TAN' TIUS, one of the fathers of the Latin church, born
+about the year A.D. 250. He was celebrated as a teacher of eloquence,
+and before his conversion to Christianity, had so successfully studied
+the great Roman orator that he afterwards received the appellation of
+the "Christian Cicero."]
+
+
+QUEEN ISABELLA'S RESOLVE.
+
+FROM VINET.
+
+
+ QUEEN ISABELLA OF SPAIN, DON GOMEZ, AND COLUMBUS.
+
+_Isabella._ And so, Don Gomez, it is your conclusion that we ought to
+dismiss the proposition of this worthy Genoese.[Headnote 1]
+
+_Don Gomez._ His scheme, your majesty, seems to me fanciful in the
+extreme; but I am a plain matter-of-fact man, and do not see visions and
+dreams, like some.
+
+_Isa._ And yet Columbus has given us cogent reasons for believing that
+it is practicable to reach the eastern coast of India by sailing in a
+westerly direction.
+
+_Don G._ Admitting that his theory is correct, namely, that the earth is
+a sphere, how would it be possible for him to return, if he once
+descended that sphere in the direction he proposes`? Would not the
+coming back be all up-hill'? Could a ship accomplish it with even the
+most favorable wind'?
+
+_Columbus._ Will your majesty allow me to suggest that, if the earth is
+a sphere, the same laws of adhesion and motion must operate at every
+point on its surface; and the objection of Don Gomez would be quite as
+valid against our being able to return from crossing the Strait of
+Gibraltar.
+
+_Don G._ This gentleman, then, would have us believe the monstrous
+absurdity, that there are people on the earth who are our
+antipodes,--who walk with their heads down, like flies on the ceiling.
+
+_Col._ But, your majesty, if there is a law of attraction which makes
+matter gravitate to the earth, and prevents its flying off into space,
+may not this law operate at every point on the round earth's surface'?
+
+_Isa._ Truly, it so seems to me; and I perceive nothing absurd in the
+notion that this earth is a globe floating or revolving in space.
+
+_Don G._ May it please your majesty, the ladies are privileged to give
+credence to many wild tales which we plain matter-of-fact men can not
+admit. Every step I take, confutes this visionary idea of the earth's
+rotundity. Would not the blood run into my head, if I were standing
+upside down! Were I not fearful of offending your majesty, I would quote
+what the great Lactantius [Headnote 2] says.
+
+_Isa_. We are not vain of our science, Don Gomez; so let us have the
+quotation.
+
+_Don G_. "Is there any one so foolish," he asks, "as to believe that
+there are antipodes with their feet opposite to ours,--that there is a
+part of the world in which all things are topsy-turvy, where the trees
+grow with their branches downward, and where it rains, hails, and snows,
+upward'?"
+
+_Col_. I have already answered this objection. If there are people on
+the earth who are our antipodes, it should be remembered that we are
+theirs also.
+
+_Don G_. Really, that is the very point wherein we matter-of-fact men
+abide by the assurance of our own senses. We know that we are not
+walking with our heads downward.
+
+_Isa_. To cut short the discussion, you think that the enterprise which
+the Genoese proposes, is one unworthy of our serious consideration; and
+that his theory of an unknown shore to the westward of us is a fallacy.
+
+_Don G_. As a plain matter-of-fact man, I must confess that I so regard
+it. Has your majesty ever seen an ambassador from this unknown coast?
+
+_Isa_. Don Gomez, do you believe in the existence of a world of spirits?
+Have you ever seen an ambassador from that unknown world?
+
+_Don G_. Certainly not. By faith we look forward to it.
+
+_Isa_. Even so by faith does the Genoese look forward, far over misty
+ocean, to an undiscovered shore.
+
+_Col._ Your majesty is right; but let it be added that I have reasons,
+oh! most potent and resistless reasons, for the faith that is in me: the
+testimony of many navigators who have picked up articles that must have
+drifted from this distant coast: the nature of things, admitting that
+the earth is round: the reports current among the people of one of the
+northern nations, that many years ago their mariners had sailed many
+leagues westward till they reached a shore where the grape grew
+abundantly; these and other considerations have made it the fixed
+persuasion of my mind, that there is a great discovery reserved for the
+man who will sail patiently westward, trusting in God's good providence,
+and turning not back till he has achieved his purpose.
+
+_Don G._ Then truly we should never hear of him again. Speculation! mere
+speculation, your majesty! When this gentleman can bring forward some
+solid facts that will induce us plain matter-of-fact men to risk money
+in forwarding his enterprise, it will then be time enough for royalty to
+give it heed. Why, your majesty, the very boys in the streets point at
+their foreheads as he passes along.
+
+_Isa._ And so you bring forward the frivolity of boys jeering at what
+they do not comprehend, as an argument why Isabella should not give heed
+to this great and glorious scheme? Ay, sir, though it should fail,
+still, it has been urged in language so intelligent and convincing, by
+this grave and earnest man, whom you think to undervalue by calling him
+an adventurer, that I am resolved to test the "absurdity," as you style
+it, and that forthwith.
+
+_Don G._ Your majesty will excuse me if I remark, that I have from your
+royal consort himself the assurance that the finances are so exhausted
+by the late wars, that he can not consent to advance the necessary funds
+for fitting out an expedition of the kind proposed.
+
+_Isa._ Be _mine_, then, the privilege! I have jewels, by the pledging of
+which I can raise the amount required; and I have resolved that they
+shall be pledged to this enterprise, without any more delay.
+
+_Col._ Your majesty shall not repent your heroic resolve. I will return,
+your majesty; be sure I will return, and lay at your feet such a jewel
+as never queen wore yet, an imperishable fame,--a fame that shall couple
+with your memory the benedictions of millions yet unborn, in climes yet
+unknown to civilized man. There is an uplifting presentiment in my mind,
+a conviction that your majesty will live to bless the hour you came to
+this decision.
+
+_Don G._ A presentiment? A plain matter-of-fact man, like myself, must
+take leave of your majesty, if his practical common-sense is to be met
+and superseded by presentiments! An ounce of fact, your majesty, is
+worth a ton of presentiment.
+
+_Isa._ That depends altogether upon the source of the presentiment, Don
+Gomez. If it come from the Fountain of all truth, shall it not be good?
+
+_Don G._ I humbly take my leave of your majesty.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What reasons did Don Gomez advance in proof that the
+earth is not a sphere? 2. What argument did Columbus present in proof
+that it was? 3. What did Queen Isabella resolve to do?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CIII.
+
+ CON FIRM' ING, corroborating.
+ AS SUR AN CES, assertions.
+ MU TI NEER', one who resists orders.
+ IN FER' RED, concluded.
+ CRAV' ED, begged.
+ AS SO' CIA TING, joining; connecting.
+ EX PEC TA' TION, hope; a looking for.
+ VER' I FIED, made true; realized.
+ PHOS PHO RES' CENCE, faint light.
+ HES I TA' TION, doubt.
+ EN JOIN' ING, commanding; ordering.
+ AM PHI THE' A TER, circular theater.
+ CON TR AST' ED, set in opposition.
+ DE MEAN' OR, behavior.
+ DE FAULT', defect; absence.
+ IN SIG' NIA, marks; signs.
+ IN I' TIALS, first letters.
+ DEV AS TA TION, a laying waste.
+
+
+DISCOVERY OF THE NEW WORLD.
+
+LAMARTINE.
+
+1. At sunrise, on the second day, some rashes recently torn up, were
+seen near the vessels. A plank, evidently hewn by an ax, a stick
+skillfully carved by some cutting instrument, a bough of hawthorn in
+blossom,--and lastly, a bird's nest built on a branch which the wind
+had broken, and full of eggs, on which the parent bird was sitting amid
+the gently-rolling waves,--were seen floating past on the waters. The
+sailors brought on board these living and inanimate witnesses of their
+approach to land. They were a voice from the shore, confirming the
+assurances of Columbus. Before the land actually appeared in sight, its
+neighborhood was inferred from these marks of life.
+
+2. The mutineers fell on their knees before the Admiral, whom they had
+insulted but the day before, craved pardon for their mistrust, and
+struck up a hymn of thanksgiving to God for associating them with this
+triumph. Night fell on these songs welcoming a new world. The Admiral
+gave orders that the sails should be close-reefed, and the lead kept
+going; and that they should sail slowly, being afraid of breakers and
+shoals, and feeling certain that the first gleam of daybreak would
+discover land under their bows.
+
+3. On the last anxious night none slept. Impatient expectation had
+removed all heaviness from their eyes; the pilots and the seamen,
+clinging about the masts, yards, and shrouds, each tried to keep the
+best place and the closest watch to get the earliest sight of the new
+hemisphere. The Admiral had offered a reward to the first who should cry
+_Land_, provided his announcement was verified by its actual discovery.
+
+4. Providence, however, reserved to Columbus himself this first glimpse,
+which he had purchased at the expense of twenty years of his life, and
+of untiring perseverance. While walking the quarter-deck alone, at
+midnight, and sweeping the dark horizon with his keen eye, a gleam of
+fire passed and disappeared, and again showed itself on the level of the
+waves. Fearful of being deceived by the phosphorescence of the sea, he
+quietly called a Spanish gentleman of Isabella's court, in whom he had
+more confidence than in the pilots, pointed out the direction in which
+he had seen the light, and asked him whether he could discern any thing
+there.
+
+5. He replied that he did, indeed, see a flickering light in that
+quarter. To make the fact still more sure, Columbus called another in
+whom he had confidence to look in the same direction. He said he had no
+hesitation in pronouncing that there was a light on the horizon. But the
+blaze was hardly seen before it again disappeared in the ocean, to show
+itself anew the next moment. Whether it was the light of a fire on a low
+shore, alternately appearing and disappearing beyond the broken horizon,
+or whether it was the floating beacon of a fisherman's boat now rising
+on the waves, and now sinking in the trough of the sea, they could not
+determine.
+
+6. Thus both land and safety appeared together in the shape of fire to
+Columbus and his two friends, on the night between the 11th and 12th of
+October, 1492. The Admiral, enjoining silence, kept his observation to
+himself, for fear of again raising false hopes, and giving a bitter
+disappointment to his ships' companies. He lost sight of the light, and
+remained on deck until two in the morning,--praying, hoping, and
+despairing alone, awaiting the _triumph or the return_ on which the
+morrow was to decide.
+
+7. He was seized with that anguish which precedes the great discoveries
+of truth, when, suddenly, a cannon-shot, sounding over the sea, a few
+hundred yards in advance of him, burst upon his ear the announcement of
+a _new-born world_, which made him tremble, and fall upon his knees. It
+was the signal of land in sight! made by firing a shot, as had been
+arranged with the _Pinta_, which was sailing in advance of the squadron,
+to guide their course and take soundings.
+
+8. At this signal a general shout of _"Land ho!"_ arose from all the
+yards and riggings of the ships. The sails were furled, and daybreak was
+anxiously awaited. The mystery of the ocean had breathed its first
+whisper in the bosom of night. Daybreak would clear it up openly to
+every eye. Delicious and unknown perfumes reached the vessels from the
+outline of the shore, with the roar of the waves upon the reefs and the
+soft land breeze.
+
+9. The fire seen by Columbus indicated the presence of man, and of the
+first element of civilization. Never did the night appear so long in
+clearing away from the horizon; for this horizon was to Columbus and his
+companions a second creation of God. The dawn, as it spread over the
+sky, gradually raised the shores of an island from the waves. Its
+distant extremities were lost in the morning mist. It ascended
+gradually, like an amphitheater, from the low beach to the summit of the
+hills, whose dark-green covering contrasted strongly with the blue
+heavens.
+
+10. Within a few paces from where the foam of the waves breaks on the
+yellow sand, forests of tall and unknown trees stretched away, one above
+another, over the successive terraces of the island. Green valleys and
+bright clefts in the hollows, afforded a half glimpse into these
+mysterious wilds. Here and there could be discovered a few scattered
+huts, which, with their outlines and roofs of dry leaves, looked like
+bee-hives, and thin columns of blue smoke rose above the tops of the
+trees. Half-naked groups of men, women, and children, more astonished
+than frightened, appeared among the thickets near the shore, advancing
+timidly, and then drawing back, exhibiting, by their gestures and
+demeanor, as much fear as curiosity and wonder, at the sight of these
+strange vessels, which the previous night had brought to their shores.
+
+11. Columbus, after gazing in silence on this foremost shore of the land
+so often determined by his calculations, and so magnificently colored by
+his imagination, found it to exceed even his own expectations. He burned
+with impatience to be the first European to set foot on the sand, and to
+plant the flag of Spain,--the standard of the conquest of God and of his
+sovereigns, effected by his genius. But he restrained the eagerness of
+himself and of his crew to land, being desirous of giving to the act of
+taking possession of a new world, a _solemnity_ worthy of the greatest
+deed, perhaps, ever accomplished by a seaman; and, in default of men, to
+call God and His angels, sea, earth, and sky, as witnesses of his
+conquest of an unknown hemisphere.
+
+12. He put on all the insignia of his dignities as Admiral of the Ocean,
+and the Viceroy of these future realms; he wrapped himself in his purple
+cloak, and taking in his hand an embroidered flag, in which the initials
+of Ferdinand and Isabella were interlaced, like their two kingdoms, and,
+surmounted by a crown, he entered his boat, and pulled toward the shore,
+followed by the boats of his two lieutenants.
+
+13. On landing, he fell on his knees, to acknowledge, by this act of
+humility and worship, the goodness and greatness of God in this new
+sphere of His works. He kissed the ground, and, with his face on the
+earth, he wept tears of double import, as they fell on the dust of this
+hemisphere, now, for the first time, visited by Europeans,--tears of joy
+for the overflowing of a proud spirit, grateful and pious,--tears of
+sadness for this virgin soil, seeming to foreshadow the calamities, and
+devastation, with fire and sword, and blood and destruction, which the
+strangers were to bring with their pride, their knowledge, and their
+power.
+
+14. It was the _man_ that shed these tears; but it was the _earth_ that
+was destined to weep. As Columbus raised his forehead from the dust,
+with a Latin prayer, which his companions have handed down to us, he
+thus addressed the Sovereign Ruler of the world: (_sl_.) "Almighty and
+eternal God, who, by the energy of thy creative word, hast made the
+firmament, the earth, and sea, blessed and glorified be Thy name in all
+places! May Thy majesty and dominion be exalted forever and ever, as
+Thou hast permitted Thy holy name to be made known and spread by the
+most humble of Thy servants, in this hitherto unknown portion of Thy
+empire."
+
+15. He then gave to this land the name of San Salvador. His lieutenants,
+his pilots, and his seamen, full of gladness, and impressed with a
+superstitious respect for him whose glance had pierced beyond the
+visible horizon, and whom they had offended by their unbelief,--overcome
+by the evidence of their eyes, and by that mental superiority which
+overawes the minds of men,--fell at the feet of the Admiral, kissed his
+hands and his clothes, and recognized, for a moment, the power and the
+almost divine nature of genius; _yesterday_ the victims of his
+obstinacy,--_now_ the companions of his success, and sharers in the
+glory which they had mocked. Such is humanity,--persecuting discoverers,
+yet reaping the fruits of their inventions.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What evidences had Columbus that land was near? 2. What
+did the mutineers do? 3. In what month and year was the _new world_
+discovered? 4. What is said of the natives? 5. What did Columbus do on
+landing? 6. What was the conduct of the officers and seamen?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CIV.
+
+ FER' MENT, heat; glow.
+ EN THU' SI ASM, excitement.
+ PRO DIG' IOUS, very great.
+ SPEC I MENS, samples.
+ LEAGU' ED, joined; banded.
+ PER SUAD' ED, convinced.
+ PRE POS' TEROUS, absurd; ridiculous.
+ VAUNT' ED, boasted.
+ DE LU' SION, deception.
+ CRED' U LOUS, apt to believe.
+ UN RE LI' A BLE, untrustworthy.
+ SUS PI'' CION, doubt; mistrust.
+
+
+THE RETURN OF COLUMBUS.
+
+VINET.
+
+
+DON GOMEZ AND HIS SECRETARY.
+
+_Don Gomez_. WHAT! what is this you tell me? Columbus returned? A new
+world discovered? Impossible!
+
+_Secretary_. It is even so, sir. A courier arrived at the palace but an
+hour since with the intelligence. Columbus was driven by stress of
+weather to anchor in the Tagus. All Portugal is in a ferment of
+enthusiasm, and all Spain will be equally excited soon. The sensation is
+prodigious!
+
+_Don G_. Oh, it is a trick! It must be a trick!
+
+_Sec_. But he has brought home the proofs of his visit,--gold and
+precious stones, strange plants and animals; and, above all, specimens
+of a new race of men, copper-colored, with straight hair.
+
+_Don G_. Still I say, a trick! He has been coasting along the African
+shore, and there collected a few curiosities, which he is passing off
+for proofs of his pretended discovery.
+
+_Sec_. It is a little singular that all his men should be leagued with
+him in keeping up so unprofitable a falsehood.
+
+_Don G_. But 'tis against reason, against common sense, that such a
+discovery should be made.
+
+_Sec_. King John of Portugal has received him with royal magnificence,
+has listened to his accounts, and is persuaded that they are true.
+
+_Don G._ We shall see, we shall see. Look you, sir, a plain
+matter-of-fact man, such as I, is not to be taken in by any such
+preposterous story! This vaunted discovery will turn out no discovery at
+all.
+
+_Sec._ The king and queen have given orders for preparations on the most
+magnificent scale for the reception of Columbus.
+
+_Don G._ What delusion! Her majesty is so credulous. A practical,
+common-sense man, like myself, can find no points of sympathy in her
+nature.
+
+_Sec._ The Indians on board the returned vessels, are said to be unlike
+any known race of men.
+
+_Don G._ Very unreliable all that! I take the common-sense view of the
+thing. I am a matter-of-fact man; and do you remember what I say, it
+will all turn out a trick! The crews may have been deceived. Columbus
+may have steered a southerly course, instead of a westerly. Any thing is
+probable, rather than that a coast to the westward of us has been
+discovered.
+
+_Sec._ I saw the courier, who told me he had conversed with all the
+sailors; and they laughed at the suspicion that there could be any
+mistake about the discovery, or that any other than a westerly course
+had been steered.
+
+_Don G._ Still I say, a trick! An unknown coast reached by steering
+west? Impossible! The earth a globe, and men standing with their heads
+down in space? Folly! An ignorant sailor from Genoa in the right, and
+all our learned doctors and philosophers in the wrong? _Nonsense!_ I'm a
+matter-of-fact man, sir. I will believe what I can see, and handle, and
+understand. But as for believing in the antipodes, or that the earth is
+round, or that Columbus has discovered land to the west,--Ring the
+bell, sir; call my carriage; I will go to the palace and undeceive the
+king.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CV.
+
+ HAR' BIN GER, forerunner; precursor.
+ UN PIL' LAR ED, unsupported by pillars.
+ UN YIELDING, stubborn.
+ DE CREES', edicts; laws.
+ HAL' LOW ED, sacred; consecrated.
+ MOLD' ER ING, decaying.
+
+
+TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO,
+
+GRENVILLE MULLEN.
+
+ 1. Wake your harp's music!--louder,--higher,
+ And pour your strains along;
+ And smite again each quivering wire,
+ In all the pride of song!
+(f.)Shout like those godlike men of old,
+ Who, daring storm and foe,
+ On this blessed soil their anthem rolled,
+ TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO!
+
+ 2. From native shores by tempests driven,
+ They sought a purer sky;
+ And found, beneath a milder heaven,
+ _The home of Liberty!_
+ An altar rose,--and prayers,--a ray
+ Broke on their night of woe,--
+ The harbinger of Freedom's day,
+ TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO!
+
+ 3. They clung around that symbol too,
+ Their refuge and their all;
+ And swore, while skies and waves were blue,
+ That altar should not fall!
+ They stood upon the red man's sod,
+ 'Neath heaven's unpillared bow,
+ With home,--a country, and a God,--
+ TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO!
+
+ 4. Oh! 'twas a hard, unyielding fate
+ That drove them to the seas;
+ And Persecution strove with Hate,
+ To darken her decrees:
+ But safe, above each coral grave,
+ Each booming ship did go,--
+ A God was on the western wave,--
+ TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO!
+
+ 5. They knelt them on the desert sand,
+ By waters cold and rude,
+ Alone upon the dreary strand
+ Of oceaned solitude!
+ They looked upon the high, blue air,
+ And felt their spirits glow,
+ Resolved to live or perish there,--
+ TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO!
+
+ 6. The warrior's red right arm was bared,
+ His eyes flashed deep and wild:
+ Was there a foreign footstep dared
+ To seek his home and child'?
+ The dark chiefs yelled alarm, and swore
+ The white man's blood should flow,
+ And his hewn bones should bleach their shore,
+ TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO!
+
+ 7. But lo! the warrior's eye grew dim,--
+ His arm was left alone;
+ The still, black wilds which sheltered him,
+ No longer were his own!
+ Time fled,--and on the hallowed ground
+ His highest pine lies low,--
+ And cities swell where forests frowned,
+ TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO!
+
+ 8. Oh! stay not to recount the tale,--
+ 'Twas bloody, and 'tis past;
+ The firmest cheek might well grow pale,
+ To hear it to the last.
+ The God of Heaven who prospers us,
+ Could bid a nation grow,
+ And shield us from the red man's curse,--
+ TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO!
+
+ 9. Come, then,--great shades of glorious men,
+ From your still glorious grave!
+ Look on your own proud land again,
+ O bravest of the brave!
+ We call you from each mouldering tomb,
+ And each blue wave below,
+ To bless the world ye snatched from doom,
+ TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO!
+
+10. Then to your harps!--yet louder,--higher
+ And pour your strains along;
+ And smite again each quivering wire,
+ In all the pride of song!
+(f.)Shout for those godlike men of old,
+ Who, daring storm and foe,
+ On this blessed soil their anthem rolled,
+ TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO!
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Who are meant by _godlike men of old_? 2. Why did they
+flee to this country? 3. Who warred against them?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CVI.
+
+ SE RENE' LY, calmly; quietly.
+ SUR MOUNT', rise above; overcome.
+ TRAMP, tread, or travel.
+ EB' ON, black, as ebony.
+ GUARD' I AN, defender; protector.
+ CHIV' AL RIC, brave; heroic.
+ MAIL, defensive armor.
+ EX ALT', lift up.
+ FRAIL' TY, weakness.
+ BLIGHT' ED, blasted.
+ RE NOWN', fame; celebrity.
+ STEAD' FAST, firm; resolute.
+
+ IN TER VENE', (INTER, _between_; VENE, _to come_;) come between;
+ interpose.
+
+ SUC CEED', (SUC, _after;_ CEED, _to come;_) come after; follow.
+
+
+PRESS ON.
+
+PARK BENJAMIN.
+
+1. _Press on!_ there's no such word as fail!
+ Press nobly on! the goal is near,--
+ Ascend the mountain! breast the gale!
+ Look upward, onward,--never fear!
+ Why shouldst thou faint? Heaven smiles above,
+ Though storms and vapor intervene;
+ That Sun shines on, whose name is Love,
+ Serenely o'er Life's shadowed scene.
+
+2. _Press on!_ surmount the rocky steeps,
+ Climb boldly o'er the torrent's arch:
+ He fails alone who feebly creeps;
+ He wins, who dares the hero's march.
+ Be thou a hero! let thy might
+ Tramp on eternal snows its way,
+ And, through the ebon walls of night,
+ Hew down a passage unto day.
+
+3. _Press on!_ if once and twice thy feet
+ Slip back and stumble, harder try;
+ From him who never dreads to meet
+ Danger and death, they're sure to fly.
+ To coward ranks the bullet speeds;
+ While on their breasts who never quail,
+ Gleams, guardian of chivalric deeds,
+ Bright courage, like a coat of mail.
+
+4. _Press on_! if Fortune play thee false
+ To-day, to-morrow she'll be true;
+ Whom now she sinks she now exalts,
+ Taking old gifts and granting new.
+ The wisdom of the present hour
+ Makes up her follies past and gone:
+ To weakness strength succeeds, and power
+ From frailty springs;--_press on_! PRESS ON!
+
+5. _Press on_! what though upon the ground
+ Thy love has been poured out like rain?
+ That happiness is always found
+ The sweetest, which is born of pain.
+ Oft 'mid the forest's deepest glooms,
+ A bird sings from some blighted tree,
+ And, in the dreariest desert, blooms
+ A never-dying rose for thee.
+
+6. Therefore, _press on_! and reach the goal,
+ And gain the prize, and wear the crown:
+ Faint not! for, to the steadfast soul,
+ Come wealth, and honor, and renown.
+ To thine own self be true, and keep
+ Thy mind from sloth, thy heart from soil;
+ _Press on_! and thou shalt surely reap
+ A heavenly harvest for thy toil!
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What encouragement is given to those who press on? 2. Who
+fails, and who wins? 3. What is said of those who never dread to meet
+danger and death? 4. How are they rewarded, who press on?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CVII.
+
+ EX PAND, develop; enlarge.
+ EL E VATE, raise; dignify.
+ VAR RI A BLE, changeable.
+ PHAN TAS MA GO' RIA, magic lantern; illusive representations.
+ UN' DU LA TING, waving; irregular.
+ MO BIL'I TY, movableness; readiness to move.
+ DO' CILE, teachable; obedient.
+ CE LES' TIAL, heavenly.
+ DIS' SI PATES, scatters, or confuses.
+ IN FIN' I TY, boundlessness.
+ GYM NAS' TIC, athletic exercise.
+ O PAC' I TY, state of being opaque or dark.
+ PA THET' IC, feeling; tender.
+ IN DOM' I TA BLE, unconquerable.
+ CO-OP' ER ATE, work with; join with.
+
+ MOUNT PER' DU, one of the high summits of the Pyrenees
+ mountains, in Spain. The name signifies "Lost Mountain;" in
+ allusion, probably, to its peak being lost in the clouds.
+
+
+THE THREE FORMS OF NATURE.
+
+FROM THE FRENCH OF MICHELET.
+
+1. There are three forms of Nature, which especially command and elevate
+our souls, release her from her heavy clay and earthly limits, and send
+her, exulting, to sail amidst the wonders and mysteries of the Infinite.
+_First_, there is the unstable _Ocean of Air_ with its glorious banquet
+of light, its vapors, its twilight, and its shifting phantasmagoria of
+capricious creatures, coming into existence only to depart the next
+instant.
+
+2. _Second_, there is the fixed _Ocean of the Earth_, its undulating and
+vast waves, as we see them from the tops of "the earth o'er gazing
+mountains," the elevations which testify to antique mobility, and the
+sublimity of its mightier mountain-tops, clad in eternal snows. _Third_,
+there is the _Ocean of Waters_, less mobile than air, less fixed than
+earth, but liable, in its movements, to the celestial bodies.
+
+3. _These three things_ form the gamut by which the Infinite speaks to
+our souls. Nevertheless, let us point out some very notable differences.
+The _Air-ocean_ is so mobile that we can scarcely examine it. It
+deceives; it decoys; it diverts; it dissipates, and breaks up our chain
+of thought.
+
+4. For an instant, it is an immense hope, the day of all infinity; anon,
+it is not so; all flies from before us, and our hearts are grieved,
+agitated, and filled with doubt. Why have I been permitted to see for a
+moment that immense flood of light? The memory of that brief gleaming
+must ever abide with me, and that memory makes all things here on earth
+look dark.
+
+5. The _fixed Ocean of the mountains_ is not thus transient or fugitive;
+on the contrary, it stops us at every step, and imposes upon us the
+necessity of a very hard, though wholesome gymnastic. Contemplation here
+has to be bought at the price of the most violent action. Nevertheless,
+the opacity of the earth, like the transparency of the air, frequently
+deceives and bewilders us. Who can forget that for ten years, Ramon, in
+vain, sought to reach Mount Perdu though often within sight of it?
+
+6. Great, _very great_, is the difference between the elements; the
+earth is mute and the ocean speaks. The ocean is a voice. It speaks to
+the distant stars; it answers to their movements in its deep and solemn
+language. It speaks to the earth on the shores, replying to the echoes
+that reply again; by turns wailing, soothing, threatening--its deepest
+roar is presently succeeded by a sad, pathetic silence.
+
+7. And it especially addresses itself to man. It is creation's living
+eloquence. It is Life speaking to Life. The millions, the countless
+myriads of beings to which it gives birth, are its words. All these,
+mingled together make the unity, the great and solemn voice of the
+ocean. And "what are those wild waves saying?" They are talking of
+_Life,--of Immortality._
+
+8. An indomitable strength is at the bottom of Nature--how much more so
+at Nature's summit, the Soul! And it speaks of partnership, of union.
+Let us accept the swift exchange which, in the individual, exists
+between the diverse elements; let us accept the superior Law which
+unites the living members of the same body--Humanity; and, still more,
+let us accept and respect the supreme Law which makes us co-operate with
+the great Soul, associated as we are--in proportion with our
+powers--with the loving harmony of the world--copartners in the life of
+God.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What are three great forms of Nature? 2. What is said of
+the Air-ocean? 3. How does the Ocean address itself to man?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CVIII.
+
+ MO NOP' O LIZED, engrossed.
+ CEL' E BRA TED, praised; talked of.
+ PO' TENT LY, powerfully.
+ MAR' I TIME, pertaining to sea.
+ SA GAC' I TY, acuteness.
+ IN TRE PID' I TY, daring valor.
+ SAN' GUINE, bloody; cruel.
+ EC CEN TRIC' I TY, peculiarity, oddity.
+ WA' RI NESS, cautiousness.
+ ED' I BLE, eatable.
+ E MAN' CI PA TED, freed; liberated.
+ IN TER ME' DI ATE, lying between.
+ DEV AS TA TING, laying waste.
+ DOUB' LE, sail around.
+
+[Headnote 1: BASQUES, (_basks_), an ancient and peculiar people, living
+on the slopes of the Pyrenees Mountains.]
+
+[Headnote 2: BRE' TON, a native of Brittany, an ancient province in
+France.]
+
+[Headnote 3: NOR' MAN, that is, Northman, a name given to the ancient
+inhabitants of Norway, Denmark, and Sweden, and afterward to their
+descendants who settled in the north of France.]
+
+
+THE WHALE AND THE WHALER.
+
+FROM THE FRENCH OF MICHELET.
+
+1. Who opened up to men the great distant navigation? Who revealed the
+ocean, and marked out its zones and its liquid highways? Who discovered
+the secrets of the globe? _The Whale and the Whaler!_ And all this
+before Columbus and the famous gold-seekers, who have monopolized all
+the glory, found again, with much outcry about their discovery, what had
+so long before been discovered by the whalers.
+
+2. That crossing of the ocean, which was so boastfully celebrated in the
+fifteenth century, had often been made, not only by the narrow passage
+between Iceland and Greenland, but, also, by the open sea; for the
+Basques [Headnote 1] went to Newfoundland. The smallest danger was the
+mere voyage; for these men, who went to the very end of the _then_ known
+world, to challenge the whale to single combat, to steer right away into
+the Northern sea, to attack the mighty monster, amid darkness and
+storms, with the dense fog all around, and the foaming waves
+below,--those who could do this, were not the men to shrink from the
+ordinary dangers of the voyage.
+
+3. Noble warfare! Great school of courage! That fishery was not _then_,
+as it is _now_, an easy war to wage, made from a distance, and with a
+potently murderous machine. No; the fisher then struck with his own
+strong hand, impelled and guided by his own fearless heart, and he
+risked life to take life. The men of that day killed but few whales; but
+they gained infinitely in maritime ability, in patience, in sagacity,
+and in intrepidity. They brought back _less_ of oil; but _more, far
+more_ of glory.
+
+4. Every nation has its own peculiar genius. We recognize each by its
+own style of procedure. There are a hundred forms of courage, and these
+graduated varieties formed, as it were, another heroic game. At the
+North, the Scandinavian, the rude race from Norway to Flanders, had
+their sanguine fury. At the South, the wild burst, the gay daring, the
+clear-headed excitement, that impelled, at once, and guided them over
+the world. In the center, the silent and patient firmness of the
+Breton [Headnote 2], who yet, in the hour of danger, could display a
+quite sublime eccentricity. And, lastly, the Norman [Headnote 3]
+wariness, considerately courageous; daring all, but daring all for
+success. Such was the beauty of man, in that sovereign manifestation of
+human courage.
+
+5. We owe a vast deal to the whale. But for it, the fishers would still
+have hugged the shore; for, almost every edible fish seeks the shore and
+the river. It was the whale that emancipated them, and led them afar. It
+led them onward, and onward still, until they found it, after having
+almost unconsciously passed from one world to the other. Greenland did
+not seduce them; it was not _the land_ that they sought; but _the sea,
+and the tracks of the whale_.
+
+6. The ocean at large is its home, and _especially_ the broad and open
+sea. Each species has its especial preference for this or that
+latitude,--for a certain zone of water, more or less cold. And it was
+_that_ preference which traced out the great divisions of the Atlantic.
+The tribe of inferior whales, that have a dorsal fin, are to be found in
+the warmest and in the coldest seas,--under the line and in the polar
+seas.
+
+7. In the great intermediate region, the fierce Cachalot inclines toward
+the south, devastating the warm waters. On the contrary, the Free Whale
+fears the warm waters,--we should rather say, that they did, formerly,
+fear them,--they have become so scarce. They are never found in the warm
+southern current; it is _that_ fact that led to the current being
+noticed, and thence to the discovery of the _true course from America to
+Europe_. From Europe to America, the trade winds will serve us.
+
+8. If the Free Whale has a perfect horror of the warm waters, and can
+not pass the equator, it is clear that he can not double the southern
+end of America. How happens it, then, that when he is wounded on one
+side of America, in the Atlantic, he is sometimes found on the other
+side of America, and in the Pacific? _It proves that there is a
+north-western passage_. Another discovery which we owe to the whale, and
+one which throws a broad light alike on the form of the globe, and the
+geography of the seas!
+
+9. By degrees, the whale has led us everywhere. Rare as he is at
+present, he has led us to both poles, from the uttermost recesses of the
+Pacific to Behring's Strait, and the infinite wastes of the Antarctic
+waters. There is even an enormous region that no vessel, whether
+war-ship or merchantman, ever traverses, at a few degrees beyond the
+southern points of America and Africa. No one visits that region but the
+whaler.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What has been done by the whaler? 2. By whom had
+Newfoundland been discovered? 3. What is said of the courage of the
+whaler? 4. What proof is given that there is a north-western passage,
+by water, from the Atlantic to the Pacific?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CIX.
+
+ THRALL' DOM, bondage; slavery.
+ IG NO' BLE, mean; degraded.
+ HORDE, clan; tribe.
+ FEUD' AL, pertaining to military tenure.
+ DES' POTS, tyrants.
+ PAL' TRY, mean; contemptible.
+ RAP' INE,(_rapin;_) plunder; violence.
+ FOR SOOTH', in truth; in fact.
+ RUF' FIAN, robber; cut-throat.
+ SERV' ILE, slavish; cringing.
+ LIM' NERS, painters.
+ DIS CI' PLE, learner; follower.
+ CORSE, corpse; dead body.
+ BRAWL, wrangle; contention.
+ DIS TAIN' ED, sullied; stained.
+ ECH' O ED, resounded.
+
+
+RIENZI'S ADDRESS TO THE ROMANS.
+
+[Footnote: RI EN' ZI, the last of the Roman Tribunes, was born in Rome
+about the year 1310. He was assassinated Oct. 8th, 1354 He was a person
+of extraordinary eloquence. In his day, Rome was a prey to contending
+factions of nobles. This kept the city in constant turmoil, and
+subjected the people to continual abuse and tyranny. It was the endeavor
+of Rienzi to arouse them to a resolution to be free.]
+
+MISS MITFORD.
+
+1. Friends!
+ I come not here to _talk_. You know too well
+ The story of our thralldom. We are _slaves!_
+ The bright sun rises to his course, and lights
+ A race of _slaves!_ He sets, and his last beam
+ Falls on a _slave_: not such as, swept along
+ By the full tide of power, the conqueror leads
+ To crimson glory and undying fame;
+ _But base, ignoble slaves!_ slaves to a horde
+ Of petty tyrants, feudal despots, lords,
+ Rich in some dozen paltry villages;
+ Strong in some hundred spearmen; only great
+ In that strange spell,--_a name_.
+
+2. Each hour, dark fraud,
+ Or open rapine, or protected murder,
+ Cries out against them. But this very day,
+ An honest man, my neighbor,--there he stands,
+ Was struck, _struck_ like a dog, by one who wore
+ The badge of Ursini; because, forsooth,
+ He tossed not high his ready cap in air,
+ Nor lifted up his voice in servile shouts,
+ At sight of that great ruffian!
+
+3. (f.) Be we _men_,
+ And suffer such dishonor'? MEN, and wash not
+ The stain away in blood'? Such shames are common!
+ I have known deeper wrongs. I, that speak to ye,
+ I had a brother once, a gracious boy,
+ Full of gentleness, of calmest hope,
+ Of sweet and quiet joy; there was the look
+ Of heaven upon his face, which limners give
+ To the beloved disciple!
+
+4. How I loved
+ That gracious boy! Younger by fifteen years,
+ Brother at once, and son! He left my side,
+ A summer bloom on his fair cheek,--a smile
+ Parting his innocent lips. In one short hour,
+ That pretty, harmless boy was slain! (_p_.) I saw
+ The corse, the mangled corse, and then I cried
+ For vengeance! (_ff_.) _Rouse ye, Romans!_--ROUSE YE, SLAVES!
+ Have ye brave sons? Look in the next fierce brawl
+ To see them die! Have ye fair daughters? Look
+ To see them live, torn from your arms, distained,
+ Dishonored; and if ye dare call for justice,
+ Be answered by the lash!
+
+5. Yet this is Rome,
+ That sat on her seven hills, and, from her throne
+ Of beauty, ruled the world! Yet we are Romans!
+ Why, in that elder day, to be a Roman,
+ Was greater than a king! And once again,--
+ Hear me, ye walls, that echoed to the tread
+ Of either Brutus! Once again I swear,
+ The eternal city shall be free!
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. In what condition did the writer say the Roman people
+were? 2. What wrongs are complained of? 3. What special cases are
+mentioned? 4. What are the people exhorted to do? 5. What is the meaning
+of the suffix _dom_, in the word _thralldom?_ See ANALYSIS, page 142,
+Ex. 189. 6. What is the meaning of the suffix _less_, in the word
+_harmless?_ See page 140, Ex. 187. 7. How, according to the notation
+mark, should the first part of the third verse be read? 8. What rule for
+the rising inflections, third verse? See page 28, Rule I.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CX.
+
+ MUL' TI PLY, increase; continue.
+ COL'TER, part of the plow that cuts the sod.
+ GE' NI AL, productive.
+ BE NIG' NANT, kind; bounteous.
+ SAUN' TER ING, loitering.
+ WOOD' BINE, honeysuckle.
+ RE SPLEN DENT, splendid, beautiful.
+ PO' TENT, powerful.
+ ROAD' STEAD, place where ships may anchor.
+ RE LI' ANT, trusting; depending.
+ PES TI LEN' TIAL, infectious; noxious.
+ PER PET' U AL, continual.
+ STER' ILE, barren.
+
+[Headnote 1: LE ON' I DAS, the celebrated Spartan leader who, with three
+hundred men, perished in the effort to resist the Persian hosts, at the
+mountain pass of Thermopylae, (B.C., 480.)]
+
+[Headnote 2: MARS' TON, that is, Marston Moor, a place in Yorkshire,
+England, memorable for the defeat of Charles I., (in 1644,) by the
+forces of Cromwell and others.]
+
+[Headnote 3: BAN' NOCK BURN, a village in Stirlingshire, Scotland,
+famous for the battle between the patriots, under Robert Bruce, and the
+English invading army, under Edward II., fought, June 25, 1314.]
+
+[Headnote 4: AR MA' DA, a great naval armament sent by Philip II. of
+Spain, in 1588, for the conquest of England. It failed utterly, however,
+of its object, having been scattered and disabled by violent storms.]
+
+
+SONG OF THE FORGE.
+
+1. Clang! clang! the massive anvils ring,--
+ Clang! clang! a hundred hammers swing,
+ Like the thunder-rattle of a tropic sky,
+ The mighty blows still multiply:
+ Clang! clang!
+ Say, brothers of the dusky brow,
+ What are your strong arms forging now?
+
+2. Clang! clang!--we forge the _colter_ now--
+ The colter of the kindly plow;
+ Benignant Father, bless our toil;
+ May its broad furrow still unbind
+ To genial rains, to sun and wind,
+ The most productive soil!
+
+3. Clang! clang!--our colter's course shall be
+ On many a sweet and sunny lea,
+ By many a streamlet's silver tide,
+ Amidst the song of morning birds,
+ Amidst the low of sauntering herds,
+ Amidst soft breezes which do stray
+ Through woodbine-hedges and sweet May,
+ Along the green hill's side.
+
+4. When regal Autumn's bounteous hand,
+ With wide-spread glory clothes the land,--
+ When, to the valleys, from the brow
+ Of each resplendent slope, is rolled
+ A ruddy sea of living gold,
+ We bless,--we bless the PLOW.
+
+5. Clang! clang!--again, my mates, what glows
+ Beneath the hammer's potent blows?
+ Clink! clank!--we forge the _giant chain_,
+ Which bears the gallant vessel's strain,
+ 'Midst stormy winds and adverse tides;
+ Secured by this, the good ship braves
+ The rocky roadstead and the waves
+ Which thunder on her sides.
+
+6. Anxious no more, the merchant sees
+ The mist drive dark before the breeze.
+ The storm-cloud on the hill;
+ Calmly he rests, though, far away
+ In boisterous climes, his vessel lay
+ Reliant on our skill.
+
+7. Say, on what sands these links shall sleep,
+ Fathoms beneath the solemn deep`?
+ By Afric's pestilential shore',--
+ By many an iceberg, lone and hoar',--
+ By many a palmy western isle,
+ Basking in spring's perpetual smile',--
+ By stormy Labrador'?
+
+8. Say, shall they feel the vessel reel,
+ When, to the battery's deadly peal,
+ The crashing broadside makes reply'?
+ Or else, as at the glorious Nile,
+ Hold grappling ships, that strive the while,
+ For death or victory'?
+
+9. _Hurrah!_--cling! clang!--once more, what glows,
+ Dark brothers of the forge, beneath
+ The iron tempest of your blows
+ The furnace's fiery breath?
+
+10. Clang! clang!--a burning torrent, clear
+ And brilliant, of bright sparks is poured
+ Around and up in the dusky air,
+ As our hammers forge the SWORD.
+
+11. The _sword!_ a name of dread; yet when
+ Upon the freeman's thigh 'tis bound,
+ While for his altar and his hearth,--
+ While for the land that gave him birth,
+ The war-drums roll, the trumpets sound,
+ How _sacred_ is it then!
+
+12. Whenever for the truth and right
+ It flashes in the van of fight,
+ Whether in some wild mountain pass
+ As that where fell Leonidas [Headnote 1];
+ Or on some sterile plain and stern,
+ A Marston [Headnote 2] or a Bannockburn [Headnote 3];
+ Or, mid fierce crags and bursting rills,
+ The Switzer's Alps, gray Tyrol's hills,--
+ Or, as when sunk the Armada's [Headnote 4] pride,
+ It gleams above the stormy tide,--
+ Still, still, whene'er the battle word
+ Is LIBERTY, when men do stand
+ For _justice_ and their _native land_,
+ Then Heaven bless THE SWORD!
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What things are mentioned as being forged? 2. What is
+said of the colter? 3. What, of the iron cable? 4. What, of the sword?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CXI.
+
+ BEN E FAC' TION, gift; favor.
+ E LATE', flushed with success.
+ IN HER' ENT, natural.
+ PER FEC' TION, excellence.
+ VIG' ILS, watchfulness.
+ UN BRIB' ED, not influenced by gifts.
+ CON SO LA' TION, comfort.
+ AV' E NUE, way; entrance.
+ A TROC' I TIES, enormities.
+ MOCK' ER Y, derision; ridicule.
+ FAC' UL TIES, powers of the mind.
+ CA PAC' I TIES, abilities.
+
+
+CHOICE EXTRACTS.
+
+
+I.
+
+SWIFTNESS OF TIME.
+
+IDLER.
+
+Let him that desires to see others happy, make haste to give while his
+gift can be enjoyed, and remember that every moment of delay takes away
+something from the value of his benefaction. And let him who proposes
+his own happiness, reflect, that while he forms his purpose, the days
+roll on, and "the night cometh when no man can work."
+
+
+II.
+
+THE SHIP OF STATE.
+
+LONGFELLOW.
+
+ Thou, too, sail on, O Ship of State!
+ Sail on, O Union, strong and great!
+ Humanity, with all its fears,
+ With all the hopes of future years,
+ Is hanging breathless on thy fate!
+ We know what Master laid thy keel,
+ What workmen wrought thy ribs of steel,
+ Who made each mast, and sail, and rope,
+ What anvils rang, what hammers beat,
+ In what a forge, and what a heat,
+ Were shaped the anchors of thy hope.
+
+
+III.
+
+THE TRUE HERO.
+
+HORACE BUSHNELL.
+
+The true hero is the great, wise man of duty,--he whose soul is armed by
+truth and supported by the smile of God,--he who meets life's perils
+with a cautious but tranquil spirit, gathers strength by facing its
+storms, and dies, if he is called to die, as a Christian victor at the
+post of duty. And, if we must have heroes, and wars wherein to make
+them, there is none so brilliant as a war with wrong,--no hero so fit to
+be sung as he who hath gained the bloodless victory of truth and mercy.
+
+
+IV.
+
+HEART ESSENTIAL TO GENIUS.
+
+W.G. SIMMS.
+
+ We are not always equal to our fate,
+ Nor true to our conditions. Doubt and fear
+ Beset the bravest, in their high career,
+ At moments when the soul, no more elate
+ With expectation, sinks beneath the time.
+ The masters have their weakness. "I would climb,"
+ Said Raleigh, gazing on the highest hill,--
+ "But that I tremble with the fear to fall."
+ Apt was the answer of the high-souled queen:
+ "If thy heart fail thee, never climb at all!"
+ The heart! if that be sound, confirms the rest,
+ Crowns genius with his lion will and mien,
+ And, from the conscious virtue in the breast,
+ To trembling nature gives both strength and will.
+
+
+V.
+
+EDUCATION.
+
+ADDISON.
+
+I consider a human soul without education, like marble in the quarry,
+which shows none of its inherent beauties until the skill of the
+polisher fetches out the colors, makes the surface shine, and discovers
+every ornamental cloud, spot, and vein that runs through the body of it.
+Education, after the same manner, when it works upon a noble mind, draws
+out every latent virtue and perfection, which, without such helps, are
+never able to make their appearance.
+
+
+VI.
+
+THE VANITY OF WEALTH.
+
+DR. JOHNSON.
+
+ No more thus brooding o'er yon heap,
+ With av'rice painful vigils keep;
+ Still unenjoyed the present store,
+ Still endless sighs are breathed for more.
+ Oh! quit the shadow, catch the prize,
+ Which not all India's treasure buys!
+ To purchase Heaven has gold the power'?
+ Can gold remove the mortal hour?
+ In life, can love be bought with gold?
+ Are friendship's pleasures to be sold?
+ No; all that's worth a wish--a thought,
+ Fair Virtue gives unbribed, unbought.
+ Cease then on trash thy hopes to bind;
+ Let _nobler views_ engage thy mind.
+
+
+VII.
+
+CONSOLATION OF THE GOSPEL.
+
+A. ALEXANDER.
+
+Oh, precious gospel! Will any merciless hand endeavor to tear away from
+our hearts, this last, this sweetest consolation? Would you darken the
+only avenue through which one ray of hope can enter? Would you tear from
+the aged and infirm poor the only prop on which their souls can repose
+in peace? Would you deprive the dying of their only source of
+consolation? Would you rob the world of its richest treasure? Would you
+let loose the flood-gates of every vice, and bring back upon the earth
+the horrors of superstition, or the atrocities of atheism? Then endeavor
+to subvert the gospel; throw around you the firebrands of infidelity;
+laugh at religion, and make a mockery of futurity; but be assured that
+for all these things, God will bring you into judgment.
+
+
+VIII.
+
+THE LIGHT OF HOPE.
+
+O.W.B. PEABODY.
+
+1. Oh, who that has gazed, in the stillness of even,
+ On the fast-fading hues of the west,
+ Has seen not afar, in the bosom of heaven,
+ Some bright little mansion of rest,
+ And mourned that the path to a region so fair
+ Should be shrouded with sadness and fears;--
+ That the night-winds of sorrow, misfortune, and care,
+ Should sweep from the deep-rolling waves of despair,
+ To darken this cold world of tears?
+
+2. And who that has gazed, has not longed for an hour,
+ When misfortune forever shall cease;
+ And Hope, like the rainbow, unfold, through the shower,
+ Her bright-written promise of peace?
+ And, oh! if that rainbow of promise may shine
+ On the last scene of life's wint'ry gloom,
+ May its light in the moment of parting be mine;
+ I ask but one ray from a source so divine,
+ To brighten the vale of the tomb.
+
+
+IX.
+
+PAMPERING THE BODY AND STARVING THE SOUL.
+
+EDWARD EVERETT.
+
+1. What`! feed a child's body, and let his soul hunger'? pamper his
+limbs, and starve his faculties'? Plant the earth, cover a thousand
+hills with your droves of cattle, pursue the fish to their hiding-places
+in the sea, and spread out your wheat-fields across the plain, in order
+to supply the wants of that body which will soon be as cold and as
+senseless as the poorest clod, and let the pure spiritual essence within
+you, with all its glorious capacities for improvement, languish and
+pine'?
+
+2. What`! build factories, turn in rivers upon the water-wheels, unchain
+the imprisoned spirits of steam, to weave a garment for the body, and
+let the soul remain unadorned and naked'? What`! send out your vessels
+to the furthest ocean, and make battle with the monsters of the deep, in
+order to obtain the means of lighting up your dwellings and workshops,
+and prolonging the hours of labor for the meat that perisheth, and
+permit that vital spark, which God has kindled, which He has intrusted
+to our care, to be fanned into a bright and heavenly flame,--permit it,
+I say, to languish and go out'?
+
+3. What considerate man can enter a school, and not reflect, with awe,
+that it is a seminary where immortal minds are training for eternity'?
+What parent but is, at times, weighed down with the thought, that
+_there_ must be laid the foundations of a building which will stand,
+when not merely temple and palace, but the perpetual hills and
+adamantine rocks on which they rest, have melted away`!--that a light
+may _there_ be kindled which will shine, not merely when every
+artificial beam is extinguished, but when the affrighted sun has fled
+away from the heavens`?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CXII.
+
+ FRUIT' AGE, collection of fruits.
+ WAX' ES, grows; increases.
+ JU' BI LANT, joyous.
+ TINGE, imbue.
+ GLO' RI FI ED, exalted to glory.
+ UN WA' RY, incautious.
+ FAM' ISH ED, afflicted with hunger.
+ BAN' ISH ED, driven out; expelled.
+ RE NEW' ED, made new again.
+ MA TUR' ING, ripening.
+ VINT' AGE, produce of the vine.
+ DIS LOY' AL TY, unfaithfulness.
+ BE QUEATH' ED, left by inheritance.
+ CON SID' ER ATE, thoughtful.
+
+ RE VIV' I FY, (RE, _again_; VIV, _live_; IFY, _to make_;) to
+ make alive again, to bring to life; renew.
+
+
+WE ALL DO FADE AS A LEAF.
+
+GAIL HAMILTON.
+
+1. "_We all do fade as a leaf_." Change is the essence of life. "Passing
+away," is written on all things; and passing away is passing on from
+strength to strength, from glory to glory. Spring has its growth, summer
+its fruitage, and autumn its festive in-gathering. The spring of eager
+preparation waxes into the summer of noble work; mellowing in its turn
+into the serene autumn, the golden-brown haze of October, when the soul
+may robe itself in jubilant drapery, awaiting the welcome command, "Come
+up higher," where mortality shall be swallowed up in life.
+
+2. Why, then, should autumn tinge our thoughts with sadness. We fade as
+the leaf, and the leaf fades only to revivify. Though it fall, it shall
+rise again. Does the bud fear to become a blossom, or the blossom
+shudder as it swells into fruit; and shall the redeemed weep that they
+must become glorified'? Strange inconsistency`! We faint with the burden
+and the heat of the day. We bow down under the crosses that are laid
+upon our shoulders. We are bruised and torn by the snares and pitfalls
+which beset our way, and into which our unwary feet often fall.
+
+3. We are famished, and foot-sore, and travel-stained, from our long
+journey, and yet we are saddened by tokens that we shall pass away from
+all these,--away from sin and sorrow, from temptation and fall, from
+disappointment, and weary waiting, and a fearful looking-for of evil, to
+purity and holiness, and the full fruition of every hope,--bliss which
+eye hath not seen, nor ear heard, nor heart conceived,--to a world
+whence all that made this dreary is forever banished, and where all that
+made this delightful is forever renewed and increased,--a world where
+the activities and energies of the soul shall have full scope, and love
+and recognition wait upon its steps forever.
+
+4. Let him alone fear, who does not fade as the leaf,--him whose
+sources are not in God, and who does not draw his life thence,--him
+whose spring is gathering no strength, whose summer is maturing no
+fruit, and whose autumn shall have no vintage. Is not this the real
+sorrow of us all? not a dread of change, but a secret consciousness of
+wasted power,--of disloyalty to God, as the supreme object of our love
+and service.
+
+5. Yet even here the fading leaf brings hope. Our future is always
+before us. The past is fixed. No tears can wash away its facts. Let us
+waste no vain regrets upon it; but, from the wisdom which its very
+mistakes and sins have bequeathed us, start afresh on the race. Though
+yesterday we were weak, and selfish, and indolent, let us to-day--at
+this moment--begin to be strong, and brave, and helpful, and just, and
+generous, and considerate, and tender, and truthful, and pure, and
+patient, and forgiving. "Now" is a glorious word. "HENCEFORTH" is always
+within our grasp.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. To what are we compared? 2. What is said of change? 3.
+What change takes place in the leaf? 4. What, in man? 5. Who have reason
+to fear? 6. What is said of the past and the future?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CXIII.
+
+ UN HEED' ED, not regarded.
+ EX POS' ED, unprotected.
+ EX HORT' ED, urged; persuaded.
+ AT TUN' ED, put in tune.
+ ES SEN' TIAL, real; true.
+ AN NOUNC' ED, proclaimed.
+
+
+TEACHINGS OF NATURE.
+
+POLLOCK.
+
+1. The seasons came and went, and went and came,
+ To teach men gratitude; and, as they passed,
+ Gave warning of the lapse of time, that else
+ Had stolen unheeded by: the gentle flowers
+ Retired, and, stooping o'er the wilderness,
+ Talked of humility, and peace, and love.
+ The dews came down unseen at evening tide.
+ And silently their bounties shed, to teach
+ Mankind unostentatious charity.
+
+2. With arm in arm the forest rose on high,
+ And lesson gave of brotherly regard;
+ And, on the rugged mountain brow exposed,
+ Bearing the blast alone, the ancient oak
+ Stood, lifting high his mighty arm, and still
+ To courage in distress exhorted loud.
+ The flocks, the herds, the birds, the streams, the breeze,
+ Attuned the heart to melody and love.
+
+3. Mercy stood in the cloud, with eye that wept
+ Essential love; and, from her glorious brow,
+ Bending to kiss the earth in token of peace,
+ With her own lips, her gracious lips, which God
+ Of sweetest accent made, she whispered still,
+ She whispered to Revenge, Forgive! forgive!
+
+4. The Sun, rejoicing round the earth, announced
+ Daily the wisdom, power, and love of God.
+ The Moon awoke, and, from her maiden face
+ Shedding her cloudy locks, looked meekly forth,
+ And, with her virgin stars, walked in the heavens,--
+ Walked nightly there, conversing as she walked
+ Of purity, and holiness, and God.
+
+5. In dreams and visions, sleep instructed much.
+ Day uttered speech to day, and night to night
+ Taught knowledge: silence had a tongue: the grave,
+ The darkness, and the lonely waste, had each
+ A tongue, that ever said, Man! think of God!
+ Think of thyself! think of eternity!
+
+6. Fear God, the thunders said; Fear God, the waves;
+ Fear God, the lightning of the storm replied;
+ Fear God, deep loudly answered back to deep.
+ And, in the temples of the Holy One,
+ Messiah's messengers, the faithful few,
+ Faithful 'mong many false, the Bible opened,
+ And cried: Repent! repent, ye Sons of Men!
+ Believe, be saved.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What do the seasons teach? 2. What, the trees?
+3. What, the sun and moon? 4. What, Messiah's messengers?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CXIV.
+
+ BE DECK' ED, adorned.
+ AR RAY', dress; attire.
+ MAN' TLED, spread; rushed.
+ DE VO' TION, attachment.
+ I DOL A TROUS, excessive.
+ SEV' ER ED, rent; sundered.
+ EN CIR' CLED, inclosed; surrounded.
+ SA' BLES, mourning clothes.
+ GIFT' ED, talented.
+ FOUND ED, established.
+ AL LURE', (AL, _to_; LURE, _draw_;) draw to; entice.
+
+
+PASSING UNDER THE ROD.
+
+[Footnote: These lines are founded on the following passage of Jewish
+history:--"It was the custom of the Jews to select the tenth of their
+sheep after this manner: The lambs were separated from their dams, and
+inclosed in a sheep-cot, with only one narrow way out; the lambs
+hastened to join the dams, and a man, placed at the entrance, with a rod
+dipped in ocher, touched every tenth lamb, and so marked it with his
+rod, saying, 'LET THIS BE HOLY.' Hence, God says by his prophet, '_I
+will cause you to pass under the rod_.'"]
+
+MARY S.B. DANA.
+
+1. I saw the young bride, in her beauty and pride,
+ Bedecked in her snowy array;
+ And the bright flush of joy mantled high on her cheek,
+ And the future looked blooming and gay:
+ And with a woman's devotion she laid her fond heart
+ At the shrine of idolatrous love;
+ And she anchored her hopes to this perishing earth,
+ By the chain which her tenderness wove.
+ But I saw, when those heartstrings were bleeding and torn,
+ And the chain had been severed in two,
+ She had changed her white robes for the sables of grief,
+ And her bloom for the paleness of woe!
+ But the Healer was there, pouring balm on her heart,
+ And wiping the tears from her eyes;
+ And He strengthened the chain He had broken in twain,
+ And fastened it firm to the skies!
+ There had whispered a voice,--'twas the voice of her God:
+ "I love thee--I love thee--_pass under the rod!_"
+
+2. I saw the young mother in tenderness bend
+ O'er the couch of her slumbering boy;
+ And she kissed the soft lips as they murmured her name,
+ While the dreamer lay smiling in joy.
+ Oh, sweet as the rose-bud encircled with dew,
+ When its fragrance is flung on the air,
+ So fresh and so bright to that mother he seemed,
+ As he lay in his innocence there.
+ But I saw when she gazed on the same lovely form,
+ Pale as marble, and silent, and cold,
+ But paler and colder her beautiful boy,
+ And the tale of her sorrow was told!
+ But the Healer was there, who had stricken her heart,
+ And taken her treasure away;
+ To allure her to heaven, He has placed it on high,
+ And the mourner will sweetly obey.
+ There had whispered a voice,--'twas the voice of her God:
+ "I love thee--I love thee--_pass under the rod!_"
+
+3. I saw, too, a father and mother who leaned
+ On the arms of a dear gifted son;
+ And the star in the future grew bright to their gaze,
+ As they saw the proud place he had won;
+ And the fast coming evening of life promised fair,
+ And its pathway grew smooth to their feet,
+ And the starlight of love glimmered bright at the end,
+ And the whispers of fancy were sweet.
+ And I saw them again, bending low o'er the grave,
+ Where their hearts' dearest hope had been laid;
+ And the star had gone down in the darkness of night,
+ And the joy from their bosoms had fled.
+ But the Healer was there, and His arms were around,
+ And He led them with tenderest care;
+ And He showed them a star in the bright upper world,
+ 'Twas their star shining brilliantly there!
+ They had each heard a voice,--'twas the voice of their God:
+ "I love thee--I love thee--_pass under the rod_!"
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What custom is alluded to, in the passage "_I will cause
+you to pass under the rod?_" See note. 2. Where is that passage found in
+the Scriptures? Ans. Ezekiel, 20th chap., 37th verse. 3. What instances
+are mentioned of individuals "_passing under the rod_?"
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CXV.
+
+ PET' U LANT, cross; fretful.
+ CA LAM' I TY, misfortune.
+ SA TIR' IC AL, keenly severe; cutting.
+ NUI' SANCE, annoyance.
+ JUST' I FY, give a right to.
+ STU PID' I TY, extreme dullness.
+ CUL' PABLE, blamable; censurable.
+ IR RI TA BIL' I TY, excitableness.
+ AP PEL LA' TION, name; title.
+ VE' HE MENT, violent; furious.
+ VO CIF ER A' TIONS, loud outcries.
+ MEN' A CES, threats.
+ CEN' SUR ED, blamed.
+ VIN DI CA' TION, justification.
+ LON GEV' I TY, length of life.
+ CON TEMPT' I BLE, despicable.
+
+
+THE PETULANT MAN.
+
+OSBORNE.
+
+
+MR. GRIM--MICHAEL--COUSIN MARY.
+
+_Cousin Mary_. More breezes? What terrible thing has happened now,
+Cousin Grim? What's the matter?
+
+_Grim_. Matter enough, I should think! I sent this stupid fellow to
+bring me a pair of boots from the closet; and he has brought me two
+rights, instead of a right and left.
+
+_Cousin_. What a serious calamity! But, perhaps, he thought it was but
+_right_ to leave the _left_.
+
+_Grim_. None of your jokes, if you please. This is nothing to laugh at.
+
+_Cousin_. So it would seem, from the expression on your face,--rather
+something to storm at, roar at, and fall into a frenzy about.
+
+_Michael_. That's right, Miss; give him a piece of your mind! He's the
+crossest little man I have met with in the new country. You might scrape
+old Ireland with a fine-tooth comb, and not find such another.
+
+_Grim_. How dare you talk to me in that style? I'll discharge you this
+very day!
+
+_Michael_. I'm thinking of discharging _you_, if you don't take better
+care of that _sweet temper_ of yours.
+
+_Grim_. Leave the room, sir!
+
+_Michael_. That I will, in search of better company, saving the lady's
+presence. [_Exit._
+
+_Grim_. There, cousin! there is a specimen of my provocations! Can you
+wonder at my losing my temper?
+
+_Cousin_. Cousin Grim, that would be the most _fortunate_ thing that
+could befall you.
+
+_Grim_. What do you mean?
+
+_Cousin_. I mean, if you could only _lose that temper_ of yours, it
+would be a blessed thing for you; though I should pity the poor fellow
+who _found it._ _Grim_. You are growing satirical in your old age,
+Cousin Mary.
+
+_Cousin_. Cousin Grim, hear the plain truth; your ill temper makes you a
+nuisance to yourself and every body about you.
+
+_Grim_. Really, Miss Mary Somerville, you are getting to be
+complimentary!
+
+_Cousin_. No; I am getting to be _candid_. I have passed a week in your
+house, on your invitation. I leave you this afternoon; but, before I go,
+I mean to speak my mind.
+
+_Grim_. It seems to me that you have spoken it rather freely already.
+
+_Cousin_. What was there, in the circumstance of poor Michael's bringing
+you the wrong boots, to justify your flying into a rage, and bellowing
+as if your life had been threatened?
+
+_Grim_. That fellow is perpetually making just such provoking blunders!
+
+_Cousin_. And do you never make provoking blunders'? Didn't you send me
+five pounds of Hyson tea, when I wrote for Souchong'? Didn't you send a
+carriage for me to the cars, half an hour too late, so that I had to
+hire one myself, after great trouble'? And did I roar at you, when we
+met, because you had done these things'?
+
+_Grim_. On the contrary, this is the first time you have alluded to
+them. I am sorry they should have happened. But surely you should make a
+_distinction_ between any such little oversight of mine, and the
+stupidity of a servant, hired to attend to your orders.
+
+_Cousin_. I do not admit that there should be a distinction. You are
+both human; only, as you have had the better education, and the greater
+advantages, stupidity or neglect on your part, is much the more
+culpable.
+
+_Grim_. Thank you! Go on.
+
+_Cousin_. I mean to; so don't be impatient. If an uncooked potato, or a
+burnt mutton-chop, happens to fall to your lot at the dinner-table, what
+a tempest follows! One would think you had been wronged, insulted,
+trampled on, driven to despair. Your face is like a thunder-cloud, all
+the rest of the meal. Your poor wife endeavors to hide her tears. Your
+children feel timid and miserable. Your guest feels as if she would like
+to see you held under the nose of the pump, and thoroughly ducked.
+
+_Grim_. The carriage is waiting for you, Miss Somerville, and the driver
+has put on your baggage.
+
+_Cousin_. I have hired that carriage by the hour, and so am in no hurry.
+Your excuse for your irritability will be, I suppose, that it is
+_constitutional_, and not to be controlled. A selfish, paltry, miserable
+excuse! I have turned down a leaf in Dr. Johnson's works, and will read
+what he says in regard to tempers like yours.
+
+_Grim_. You are always quoting Dr. Johnson! Cousin, I can not endure it!
+Dr. Johnson is a bore!
+
+_Cousin_. Oh, yes! to _evil-doers_,--but to none else. Hear him: "There
+is in the world a class of mortals known, and contentedly known, by the
+appellation of _passionate men_, who imagine themselves entitled, by
+this distinction, to be provoked on every slight occasion, and to vent
+their rage in vehement and fierce vociferations, in furious menaces, and
+licentious reproaches."
+
+_Grim_. That will do.
+
+_Cousin_. "Men of this kind," he tells us, "are often pitied rather than
+censured, and are not treated with the severity which their neglect of
+the ease of all about them, might justly provoke." But he adds: "It is
+surely not to be observed without indignation, that men may be found of
+minds mean enough to be satisfied with this treatment; wretches who are
+proud to obtain the privilege of madmen, and----"
+
+_Grim_. I will hear no more! Have done!
+
+_Cousin_. So the shaft went home! I am not sorry.
+
+_Grim_. No one but a meddlesome old maid would think of insulting a man
+in his own house.
+
+_Cousin_. So, when, at a loss for a vindication, you reproach me with
+being an old maid! Cousin, it does not distress me, either to be an old
+maid, or to be called one. I must, however, remark, that the manhood
+that can charge against a woman her single state, either as a matter of
+ridicule or reproach, is not quite up to my standard.
+
+_Grim_. Cousin Mary, I ask your pardon! But am I, indeed, the petulant,
+disagreeable fellow, you would make me out?
+
+_Cousin_. My dear Caspar, you are generous enough in large things; but,
+oh! consider that _trifles make up a good portion of the sum of life_;
+and so "_a small unkindness is a great offense_." Why not be cheerful,
+sunny, genial, in little things? Why not look on the bright side? Why
+not present an unruffled front to petty annoyances? Why not labor,--ay,
+labor,--to have those around you happy and contented, by reflecting from
+yourself such a frame of mind upon them?
+
+Life is short, at the best; why not make it cheerful? Do you know that
+longevity is promoted by a tranquil, happy habit of thought and temper'?
+Do you know that cheerfulness, like mercy, is twice blessed; blessing
+"him that gives, and him that takes'?" Do you know that good manners, as
+well as good sense, demand that we should look at objects on their
+bright side'? Do you know that it is contemptible selfishness in you to
+shed gloom and sorrow over a whole family by your moroseness and
+ill-humor'?
+
+_Grim_. Cousin Mary, the patience with which I have listened to your
+cutting remarks, will prove to you, I hope, that, notwithstanding my
+angry retorts, I am convinced there is much truth in what you have said
+of me. I have a favor to ask. Send away your carriage; stay a week
+longer,--a month,--a year, if you will. Hold the lash over this ugly
+temper of mine,--and I give you my word that I will set about the cure
+of it in earnest.
+
+_Cousin_. You should have begun earlier,--in youth, when the temper is
+pliable, and strong impressions can work great changes. But we will not
+despair. I will tarry with you a while, just to see if you are serious
+in your wish for a reformation, and to help you bring it about.
+
+_Grim_. Thank you. We hear of reformed drunkards, and reformed thieves;
+and _why may not a petulant temper be reformed_, but a system of total
+abstinence from all harsh, unkind moods and expressions? Come, we will
+try.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. At what was Mr. Grim offended? 2. What did Cousin Mary
+say would be fortunate for him? 3. What blunder had Mr. Grim made? 4.
+How did he often behave at the table? 5. What does Dr. Johnson say of
+such men? 6. What did Cousin Mary finally say to him? 7. Of what was he
+convinced? 8. What did he resolve to do?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CXVI.
+
+ SAC' RI FICE, religious offering.
+ STRAIGHT, immediately.
+ SCUR' VY, low; mean.
+ SCRU' PLE, hesitate.
+ EN DURE', suffer'; tolerate.
+ IM PURE, filthy; unclean.
+ UT TER LY, entirely; completely.
+ BLEM' ISH, defect; deformity.
+ WA' VER ED, hesitated.
+ IM PAR' TIAL, just; free from bias.
+ RE FER', leave to another.
+ PAR' DON, forgive.
+ GHEE, kind of butter used in India.
+ DIS TRUST' ING, suspecting.
+ PAL PA BLE, obvious; evident.
+ LAUD' ING, praising.
+
+
+THE BRAHMIN AND THE ROGUES.
+
+[Footnote: The fable, here thrown into verse, is related in English
+prose by Macaulay, who says:--"Thus, or nearly thus, if we remember
+rightly, runs the story of the Sanscrit Aesop."]
+
+AN EASTERN FABLE.
+
+VERSIFIED BY J.N. McELLIGOTT.
+
+ 1. A Brahmin went out, the legends say,
+ To buy him a sheep a certain day;
+ For he had solemnly vowed to slay,
+ In sacrifice, a sheep that day,
+ And wanted a sheep his vow to pay.
+ Three neighboring rogues
+ (The cunning dogs!)
+ Finding this out,
+ Went straight about
+ (Moved, I ween, by the very Old Nick,)
+ To play the Brahmin a scurvy trick.
+
+ 2. So one of them met him with the cry:--
+ "O Brahmin! O Brahmin! won't you buy
+ A beautiful sheep? for here have I
+ A beautiful sheep for sacrifice,
+ As ever was seen by mortal eyes."
+
+ 3. "Where is your sheep?" replied the Brahmin;
+ "Bring him out here, and let me examine."
+ With that the wag
+ Opened a bag,
+ And out he drew
+ To public view
+ An ugly, dirty, horrible dog!
+ Blind as a bat, and lame as a frog;
+ With a broken leg, climbing a log.
+ Or limping slowly over a bog.
+
+ 4. "Wretch!" said the Brahmin indignant, "who
+ Shamelessly utterest things untrue,
+ And dost without a scruple endure
+ To handle creatures the most impure,
+ How darest thou call that cur a sheep?
+ Do you think, foul knave, that I'm asleep?"
+
+ 5. "_Cur'!_" said the fellow with steady tone;
+ "A _sheep_ it is, and a sheep alone;
+ A sheep (see here, what a splendid fleece!)
+ With flesh the sweetest, and fat as grease;
+ And such a prize
+ For sacrifice,
+ As neither gods nor men can despise,
+ Unless they both have dust in their eyes!"
+ "Sir," said the Brahmin, surprised to find
+ A person so utterly out of his mind,
+ "'Tis certain that _you_ or _I_ am blind."
+
+ 6. Then stepping up,
+ Patting the pup,
+ Rogue the second, as if amazed,
+ While on the dog he steadily gazed,
+ Exclaims aloud:--"The gods be praised!
+ Since I've no need to market to go
+ To buy me a sheep; for here's one so
+ From spot and blemish perfectly free,
+ That better could not possibly be.
+ Isn't it nice?
+ What's your price?"
+
+ 7. The Brahmin, seeing this singular thing,
+ Wavered in mind, like one in a swing;
+ Yet answered the stranger, firmly,--"Sir,
+ This isn't a sheep, but only a cur."
+ "_Cur_?" with disdain, the new-comer said;
+ "Why, man, you're surely out of your head!"
+
+ 8. As this occurred,
+ Came rogue the third,
+ To whom, as being a witness new,
+ And likely to take impartial view,
+ Brahmin proposed at once to refer,
+ Whether the creature was _sheep_ or _cur_.
+ All being agreed, the eager priest
+ Said:--"Stranger, what do you call this beast?"
+ "A _sheep_, to be sure!" the knave replied;
+ "As fine a sheep as ever you spied."
+
+ 9. "Well," said the Brahmin, "the gods this day
+ Have surely taken my senses away!"
+ Then begging the rogue
+ That carried the dog,
+ To pardon him for doubting his word,
+ He, with a readiness most absurd,
+ Purchased the creature with rice and ghee,
+ Which went, of course, to the worthless three,
+ And which they shared with wonderful glee.
+
+10. Thus taken in,
+ The poor Brahmin
+ Offered it up,
+ The filthy pup,
+ Which so offended the gods, that they
+ Sent sore disease his folly to pay:
+ Thinking it right the man to chastise
+ For so distrusting his natural eyes,
+ And being led by palpable lies
+ To offer a dog as a sacrifice.
+
+MORAL.
+
+ Look out for the arts of the puffing tribe,--
+ People that praise for the sake of a bribe;
+ Lavishly lauding a book or a pill,
+ Or any thing else the pocket to fill;
+ Singing Simplicity fast asleep,
+ And making her dream a dog's a sheep.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What trick did the three rogues play off on the Brahmin?
+2. In what way did they do this? 3. What moral is taught in this fable?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CXVII.
+
+ E LAS TIC' I TY, returning vigor.
+ MIN' I FIES, lessens; makes small.
+ DEG RA DA' TION, abasement.
+ ES TRANGED, alienates.
+ UN ALMS' ED, not having received alms.
+ HA BIT' U AL, accustomed.
+ EX TRAV' A GANCE, superfluous expense.
+ IM PER' TI NENCE, that which is not pertinent.
+ SUS PI' CIOUS, distrustful.
+ E CON' O MY, frugality.
+ TRAN' QUIL, calm; undisturbed.
+ BE NUMB' ING, dull; stupefying.
+ IM PROV' I DENCE, wastefulness.
+
+
+LIVING WITHIN OUR MEANS.
+
+S.W. PARTRIDGE.
+
+1. _Oh, beware of debt_!
+ It crushes out the manhood of a man,
+ Robs his bright eye of boldness, cheats his limbs
+ Of elasticity, unnerves his hand,
+ Beclouds his judgment, dulls his intellect,
+ Perils his uprightness, and stains his name,
+ And minifies him to his fellow-men;
+ Yea, far worse degradation, to himself.
+
+2. Who hath the hurried step, the anxious eye,
+ Avoids the public haunt and open street,
+ And anxious waits for evening? Restlessly
+ Tosses upon his bed, and dreads the approach
+ Of the tell-tale morning sunlight? Who, unmanned,
+ Starts at the sudden knock, and shrinks with dread
+ E'en at his own shadow; shuns with care
+ The stranger's look, skulks from his fellow's glance,
+ And sees in every man a creditor?
+
+3. The _debtor_;--he is only half a man;
+ He saddens and estranges his chief friends,
+ Burdens his dearest relatives; he hears
+ In vain the stranger's tale, the widow's prayer,
+ And sends away the orphan all unalmsed.
+ None dare to place him in a post of trust,
+ And business men regard him with a shrug.
+
+4. "Owe no man aught." Stand in the world erect,
+ And lean alone upon thyself and God.
+ The habitual borrower will be ever found
+ Wicked, or weak, or both. Sweat, study, stint,
+ Yea, rather _any thing_ than meanly owe.
+ Let thine own honest hands feed thee and thine,
+ And, if not thy friend's purse, at least, respect
+ Thine own sweet independence.
+
+5. Have fewest wants: the book, however good,
+ Thou shouldst not purchase, let it go unbought;
+ And fashion's vests by thee be all unworn.
+ Soon luxuries become necessities,
+ But self-denying thrift more joy affords
+ Than all the pleasures of extravagance.
+ A cottage, free from clamorous creditors,
+ Is better than a mansion dunned; a coat,
+ However darned, if paid for, hath an ease,
+ And a respectability beside:
+ Gay, ill-afforded vests can never boast.
+
+6. However cheap,
+ Whatever thou want'st not, buy not. That is dear,
+ A mere extravagant impertinence,
+ For which thou hast no need. Feel first the want
+ Ere it be satisfied; bargains full oft
+ Are money-wasting things, that prudent men
+ Will keep afar from with suspicious eye;
+ Perchance to any but of little use,
+ And to themselves, most likely, none at all.
+
+7. The habit of economy once formed,
+ 'Tis easy to attain to prosperous things.
+ Thou then shalt lend, not borrow: shalt not want
+ A helping trifle when thy friend hath need,
+ Or means to seize an opportunity,--
+ Seed-coin, to ensure a harvest. Thou shalt then
+ Want not an alms for pinching poverty;
+ And, though a sudden sickness dam the stream,
+ And cut off thy supplies, thou shalt lie down
+ And view thy morrows with a tranquil eye;
+ Even benumbing age shall scare thee not,
+ But find thee unindebted, and secure
+ From all the penury and wretchedness
+ That dog the footsteps of improvidence.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CXVIII.
+
+ OM NIP' O TENT, all-powerful.
+ IN TER' MI NA BLE, endless.
+ MILK Y-WAY, galaxy; luminous circle in the heavens.
+ AS' TRAL, starry.
+ IN FIN' I TUDE, unlimited extent.
+ IM PET' U OUS, rushing.
+ AS TRON O MER, one skilled in the science of the stars.
+ AP PROX' I MATE LY, nearly.
+ OM NIS' CIENCE, knowledge of all things.
+ PER TUR BA' TIONS, irregularities of motion.
+ AB' SO LUTE, entire.
+ PRE CIS' ION, exactness.
+ AD JUST' MENTS, arrangements.
+ RET' I NUE, company.
+ SAT' EL LITES, small planets revolving round others.
+
+
+GRANDEUR OF THE UNIVERSE.
+
+O.M. MITCHEL.
+
+1. If you would know the _glory_ of the Omnipotent Ruler of the
+universe, examine the interminable range of suns and systems which crowd
+the Milky-Way. Multiply the hundred millions of stars which belong to
+our own "island universe" by the thousands of these astral systems that
+exist in space, within the range of human vision, and _then_ you may
+form some idea of the _infinitude_ of His kingdom; for lo! these are but
+a part of His ways.
+
+2. Examine the scale on which the universe is built. Comprehend, if you
+can, the vast dimensions of our sun. Stretch outward through his system,
+from planet to planet, and circumscribe the whole within the immense
+circumference of Neptune's orbit. This is but a single unit out of the
+myriads of similar systems.
+
+3. Take the wings of light, and flash with impetuous speed, day and
+night, and month, and year, till youth shall wear away, and middle age
+is gone, and the extremest limit of human life has been attained;--count
+every pulse, and, at each, speed on your way a hundred thousand miles;
+and when a hundred years have rolled by, look out, and behold! the
+thronging millions of blazing suns are still around you, each separated
+from the other by such a distance, that, in this journey of a century,
+you have only left half a score behind you.
+
+4. Would you gather some idea of the _eternity_ past of God's
+existence,--go to the astronomer, and bid him lead you in one of his
+walks through space; and, as he sweeps outward from object to object,
+from universe to universe, remember that the light from those filmy
+stains on the deep pure blue of heaven, now falling on your eye, has
+been traversing space for a million of years.
+
+5. Would you gather some knowledge of the _omnipotence_ of God,--weigh
+the earth on which we dwell, then count the millions of its inhabitants
+that have come and gone for the last six thousand years. Unite their
+strength into one arm, and test its power in an effort to move this
+earth. It could not stir it a single foot in a thousand years; and yet
+under the omnipotent hand of God, not a minute passes that it does not
+fly more than a thousand miles.
+
+6. But this is a mere atom,--the most insignificant point among his
+innumerable worlds. At his bidding, every planet, and satellite, and
+comet, and the sun himself, fly onward in their appointed courses. His
+single arm guides the millions of sweeping suns, and around His throne
+circles the great constellation of unnumbered universes.
+
+7. Would you comprehend the idea of the _omniscience_ of God,--remember
+that the highest pinnacle of knowledge reached by the whole human race,
+by the combined efforts of its brightest intellects, has enabled the
+astronomer to compute approximately the perturbations of the planetary
+worlds. He has predicted roughly the return of half a score of comets.
+But God has computed the mutual perturbations of millions of suns, and
+planets, and comets, and worlds, without number, through the ages that
+are passed, and throughout the ages which are yet to come, not
+approximately, but with perfect and absolute precision.
+
+8. The universe is in motion,--system rising above system, cluster above
+cluster, nebula above nebula,--all majestically sweeping around under
+the providence of God, who alone knows the end from the beginning, and
+before whose glory and power all intelligent beings, whether in heaven
+or on earth, should bow with humility and awe.
+
+9. Would you gain some idea of the _wisdom_ of God,--look to the
+admirable adjustments of the magnificent retinue of planets and
+satellites which sweep around the sun. Every globe has been weighed and
+poised, every orbit has been measured and bent to its beautiful form.
+
+10. All is changing; but the laws fixed by the wisdom of God, though
+they permit the rocking to and fro of the system, never introduce
+disorder, or lead to destruction. All is perfect and harmonious, and the
+music of the spheres that burn and roll around our sun, is echoed by
+that of ten millions of moving worlds, that sing and shine around the
+bright suns that reign above.
+
+11. If, overwhelmed with the grandeur and majesty of the universe of
+God, we are led to exclaim with the Hebrew poet-king,--"When I consider
+Thy heavens, the work of Thy fingers, the moon and the stars, which Thou
+hast ordained, what is man, that Thou art mindful of him? and the son of
+man, that Thou visitest him?"--If fearful that the eye of God may
+overlook us in the immensity of His kingdom, we have only to call to
+mind that other passage, "Yet Thou hast made him but a little lower than
+the angels, and hast crowned him with glory and honor. Thou madest him
+to have dominion over all the works of Thy hand; Thou hast put all
+things under his feet." Such are the teachings of the word, and such are
+the lessons of the works of God.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CXIX.
+
+
+"WHOM HAVE I IN HEAVEN BUT THEE?"
+
+MISS PAMELIA S. VINING.
+
+1. 'Twere naught to me, yon glorious arch of night,
+ Decked with the gorgeous blazonry of heaven,
+ If, to my faith, amid its splendors bright,
+ No vision of the Eternal One were given;
+ I could but view a dreary, soulless waste,--
+ A vast expanse of solitude unknown,
+ More cheerless for the splendors o'er it cast,--
+ For all its grandeur more intensely lone.
+
+2. 'Twere naught to me, this ever-changeful scene
+ Of earthly beauty, sunshine, and delight,--
+ The wood's deep shadows and the valley's green,--
+ Morn's tender glow, and sunset's splendors bright;
+ Naught, if my Father spoke not from the sky,
+ The cloud, the flower, the landscape, and the leaf;
+ My soul would pine 'mid earth's vain pageantry,
+ And droop in hopeless orphanage and grief.
+
+3. 'Twere naught to me, the ocean's vast expanse,
+ If His perfections were not mirrored there;
+ Hopeless across the unmeasured waste I'd glance,
+ And clasp my hands in anguish, not in prayer.
+ Naught Nature's anthem, ever swelling up
+ From Nature's myriad voices; for the hymn
+ Breathes not of love, or gratitude, or hope,
+ Robbed of the tones that tell my soul of Him.
+
+4. This wondrous universe how less than naught
+ Without my God! how desolate and drear!
+ A mock'ry, earth with her vain splendors fraught!
+ A gilded pageant, every rolling sphere!
+ The noonday sun with all his glories crowned,
+ A sickly meteor glimmers faint and pale!
+ And all earth's melodies, their sweetness drowned,
+ Are but the utterance of a funeral wail.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CXX.
+
+
+THE MEMORY OF WASHINGTON.
+
+KOSSUTH.
+
+1. Mr. President: I consider it a particular favor of Providence that I
+am permitted to partake, on the present solemn occasion, in paying the
+tribute of honor and gratitude to the memory of your immortal
+Washington.
+
+2. An architect having raised a proud and noble building to the service
+of the Almighty, his admirers desired to erect a monument to his memory.
+How was it done? His name was inscribed upon the wall, with these
+additional words: "You seek his monument--look around."
+
+3. Let him who looks for a monument of Washington look around the United
+States. The whole country is a monument to him. Your freedom, your
+independence, your national power, your prosperity, and your prodigious
+growth, is a monument to Washington.
+
+4. There is no room left for panegyric, none especially to a stranger
+whom you had full reason to charge with arrogance, were he able to
+believe that his feeble voice could claim to be noticed in the mighty
+harmony of a nation's praise. Let me, therefore, instead of such an
+arrogant attempt, pray that that God, to whose providential intentions
+Washington was a glorious instrument, may impart to the people of the
+United States the same wisdom for the conservation of the present
+prosperity of the land and for its future security, which he gave to
+Washington for the foundation of it.
+
+5. I yield to nobody in the world in reverence and respect to the
+immortal memory of Washington. His life and his principles were the
+guiding star of my life; to that star I looked up for inspiration and
+advice, during the vicissitudes of my stormy life. Hence I drew that
+devotion to my country and to the cause of national freedom, which you,
+gentlemen, and millions of your fellow-citizens, and your national
+government, are so kind as to honor by unexampled distinction.
+
+6. Sir, I have studied the history of your immortal Washington, and
+have, from my early youth, considered his principles as a living source
+of instruction to statesmen and to patriots.
+
+When, in that very year in which Washington issued his Farewell Address,
+M. Adet, the French Minister, presented to him the flag of the French
+Republic, Washington, as President of the United States, answered
+officially, with these memorable words:
+
+"Born in a land of liberty, having early learned its value, having
+engaged in a perilous conflict to defend it, having devoted the best
+years of my life to secure its permanent establishment in my country, my
+anxious recollections, my sympathetic feelings, and my best wishes, are
+irresistibly attracted, whensoever in any country I see an oppressed
+nation unfurl the banner of freedom."
+
+7. Thus spoke Washington. Have I not then full reason to say, that if he
+were alive his generous sympathy would be with me; and the sympathy of a
+Washington never was, and never would be, a barren word. Washington, who
+raised the word "honesty" as a rule of policy, never would have
+professed a sentiment which his wisdom as a statesman would not have
+approved.
+
+8. Sir! here let me end. I consider it already as an immense benefit
+that your generous attention connected the cause of Hungary with the
+celebration of the memory of Washington.
+
+9. Spirit of the departed! smile down from heaven upon this appreciation
+of my country's cause; watch over those principles which thou hast taken
+for the guiding star of thy noble life, and the time will yet come when
+not only thine own country, but liberated Europe, also, will be a living
+monument to thy immortal name.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CXXI.
+
+
+THE LOST ONE'S LAMENT.
+
+1. Oh! the snow, the beautiful snow,
+ Filling the sky and earth below;
+ Over the housetops, over the street,
+ Over the heads of the people you meet,
+ Dancing,
+ Flirting,
+ Skimming along!
+ Beautiful snow! it can do no wrong.
+ Flying to kiss a fair lady's cheek,
+ Clinging to lips in a frolicsome freak,
+ Beautiful snow from the Heaven above,
+ Pure as an angel, gentle as love!
+
+2. Oh! the snow, the beautiful snow,
+ How the flakes gather and laugh as they go?
+ Whirling about in its maddening fun,
+ It plays in its glee with every one;
+ Chasing,
+ Laughing,
+ Hurrying by,
+ It lights on the face and it sparkles the eye!
+ And even the dogs, with a bark and a bound,
+ Snap at the crystals that eddy around.
+ The town is alive, and its heart in a glow
+ To welcome the coming of beautiful snow.
+
+3. How wild the crowd goes swaying along,
+ Hailing each other with humor and song!
+ How the gay sledges, like meteors, flash by,
+ Bright for the moment, then lost to the eye!
+ Ringing,
+ Swinging,
+ Dashing they go
+ Over the crust of the beautiful snow;
+ Snow so pure when it falls from the sky,
+ To be trampled in mud by the crowd rushing by,
+ To be trampled and tracked by thousands of feet,
+ Till it blends with the filth in the horrible street
+
+4. How strange it should be that this beautiful snow,
+ Should fall on a sinner with nowhere to go!
+ How strange it should be, when the night comes again
+ If the snow and the ice struck my desperate brain!
+ Fainting,
+ Freezing,
+ Dying alone,
+ Too wicked for prayer, too weak for a moan
+ To be heard in the crazy town,
+ Gone mad in the joy of the snow coming down;
+ To lie and so die, in my terrible woe,
+ With a bed and a shroud of the beautiful snow!
+
+
+
+
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+ Sanders' Union Fourth Reader | Project Gutenberg
+ </title>
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+
+<div style='text-align:center; font-size:1.2em; font-weight:bold'>The Project Gutenberg eBook of Sanders' Union Fourth Reader, by Charles W. Sanders</div>
+<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and
+most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
+whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms
+of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online
+at <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a>. If you
+are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the
+country where you are located before using this eBook.
+</div>
+<div style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Title: Sanders' Union Fourth Reader</div>
+<div style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Author: Charles W. Sanders</div>
+<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Release Date: September 3, 2003 [eBook #9078]<br>
+[Most recently updated: September 10, 2023]</div>
+<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Language: English</div>
+<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Character set encoding: UTF-8</div>
+<div style='display:block; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Produced by: David Garcia, Tonya Allen, Charles Franks, and the Distributed Proofreaders
+</div>
+<div style='margin-top:2em; margin-bottom:4em'>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SANDERS' UNION FOURTH READER ***</div>
+
+
+ <h1>
+ SANDERS' UNION FOURTH READER:
+ </h1>
+ <span class="center">
+ <b>EMBRACING A FULL EXPOSITION OF THE<br>
+ PRINCIPLES OF RHETORICAL READING;<br>
+ WITH<br>
+ NUMEROUS EXERCISES FOR PRACTICE,<br>
+ BOTH IN PROSE AND POETRY, VARIOUS IN STYLE, AND CAREFULLY
+ ADAPTED TO THE PURPOSES OF TEACHING IN SCHOOLS OF EVERY
+ GRADE.<br>
+ BY CHARLES W. SANDERS, A.M.</b>
+ </span><br>
+ &nbsp;<br>
+ <span class="center">
+ [Transcriber's Note: Advertising page of other Sanders'
+ Readers removed.]
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <h2>
+ PREFACE.
+ </h2>
+ <p>
+ THIS FOURTH READER is designed to pass the pupil from the
+ comparatively easy ground occupied by the THIRD to the more
+ difficult course embraced in THE UNION FIFTH READER, which is
+ next higher in the series. It is, therefore, carefully graded
+ to this intermediate position.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ In one sense, however, it is the most important in the set;
+ since the great mass of pupils, in our common schools, are
+ drawn away from scholastic pursuits long before the proper
+ time for entering upon any course of reading more advanced
+ than that which is here presented. This consideration has had
+ its full weight in the preparation of the following pages.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Every exercise will be found to bear the impress of that
+ special adaptation to the purposes of teaching, without which
+ no book of this kind can fully perform the office which it
+ assumes. The labor expended in this direction, though all
+ unseen by the casual observer, has been neither light nor
+ brief. It can be duly appreciated by none but the experienced
+ teacher.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ All words in the exercises, requiring explanation, have been
+ arranged, as regular lessons in spelling and definition. In
+ these definitions, however, it must be kept in mind, that no
+ attempt has been made to give <i>all the meanings of which a
+ word is susceptible, but that only which it bears in the
+ particular place in the exercise where it is found.</i> There
+ is a special educational advantage in thus leading the mind
+ of the pupil definitely to fix upon the <i>precise import</i>
+ of a word, in some particular use or application of it.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ All proper names occurring in the text, and at all likely to
+ embarrass the learner, have been explained in brief,
+ comprehensive notes. These notes involve many matters,
+ Geographical, Biographical, and Historical, which are not a
+ little interesting in themselves, aside from the special
+ purpose subserved by them in the present connection.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ All this has been done, and more, in order to secure that
+ kind of interest in the exercises which comes of reading what
+ is clearly understood; and because no perfect reading is
+ possible, where the reader himself fails to perceive the
+ meaning of what he reads.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ In the selection and adaptation of the pieces, the highest
+ aim has been to make and to leave the best moral impression;
+ and this, not by dull and formal teachings, but by the
+ pleasanter, and, therefore, more powerful, means of
+ incidental and unexpected suggestion. Admonition is then most
+ likely to be heeded, when it comes through the channel of
+ events and circumstances.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The direct and ostensible aim of the book, however, has been
+ kept steadily in view; which is to furnish the best possible
+ exercises for practice in Rhetorical reading. To this end,
+ the greatest variety of style and sentiment has been sought.
+ There is scarcely a tone or modulation, of which the human
+ voice is capable, that finds not here some piece adapted
+ precisely to its best expression. There is not an inflection,
+ however delicate, not an emphasis, however slight, however
+ strong, that does not here meet with something fitted well
+ for its amplest illustration. No tenderness of pathos, no
+ earnestness of thought, no play of wit, no burst of passion,
+ is there, perhaps, of which the accomplished teacher of
+ Elocution may not find the proper style of expression in
+ these pages, and, consequently, the best examples for the
+ illustration of his art.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The book, thus briefly described, is, therefore, given to the
+ public with the same confidence that has hitherto inspired
+ the author in similar efforts, and with the hope that it may
+ reach even a higher measure of usefulness than that attained
+ by any of its predecessors, in the long line of works which
+ he has prepared for the use of schools.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ NEW YORK, April, 1863.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <h2>
+ CONTENTS.
+ </h2>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ PART FIRST.<br>
+ ELOCUTION.
+ </h3><a href="#sect1">SECTION I.&mdash;ARTICULATION</a>
+ <pre>
+ ELEMENTARY SOUNDS OF THE LETTERS
+ SUBSTITUTES FOR THE VOWEL ELEMENTS
+ SUBSTITUTES FOR THE CONSONANT ELEMENTS
+ ERRORS IN ARTICULATION
+ COMBINATIONS OF CONSONANTS
+ EXAMPLES TO ILLUSTRATE INDISTINCT ARTICULATION
+ MISCELLANEOUS EXAMPLES
+</pre><a href="#sect2">SECTION II&mdash;ACCENT AND EMPHASIS</a>
+ <pre>
+ EXAMPLES OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY ACCENT
+ EXAMPLES OF INTENSIVE EMPHASIS
+ EXAMPLES OF ABSOLUTE EMPHASIS
+ EXAMPLES OF ANTITHETIC EMPHASIS
+</pre><a href="#sect3">SECTION III.&mdash;INFLECTIONS</a>
+ <pre>
+ MONOTONE
+ RISING AND FALLING INFLECTIONS
+ RULES FOR THE USE OF INFLECTIONS
+ THE CIRCUMFLEX
+</pre><a href="#sect4">SECTION IV.&mdash;MODULATION</a>
+ <pre>
+ PITCH OF VOICE
+ QUANTITY
+ RULES FOR QUANTITY
+ QUALITY
+ RULES FOR QUALITY
+</pre><a href="#modnote">NOTATION IN MODULATION</a>
+ <pre>
+ EXAMPLES FOR EXERCISE IN MODULATION
+ SECTION V.&mdash;THE RHETORICAL PAUSE
+</pre>
+ <h3>
+ PART SECOND.
+ </h3>
+ <p>
+ 1. <a href="#lesson1">TRUE HEROISM</a>, <i>Adapted.
+ Osborne</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. <a href="#lesson2">YOU AND I</a>, <i>Charles Mackay</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. <a href="#lesson3">LIFE'S WORK</a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. <a href="#lesson4">THE YOUNG CAPTIVES</a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. <a href="#lesson5">MY MOTHER'S LAST KISS</a>, <i>Mrs. E.
+ Oakes Smith</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. <a href="#lesson6">THE DEAD CHILD'S FORD</a>, <i>Mrs. E.
+ Oakes Smith</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. <a href="#lesson7">LAME AND LAZY&mdash;<i>A Fable</i></a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. <a href="#lesson8">FAITHFULNESS IN LITTLE THINGS</a>,
+ <i>Adapted, Eliza A. Chase</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. <a href="#lesson9">THE AMERICAN BOY</a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. <a href="#lesson10">THE SAILOR BOY'S SONG</a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11. <a href="#lesson11">CHASE OF THE PET FAWN</a>,
+ <i>Adapted. Miss Cooper</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 12. <a href="#lesson12">KINDNESS</a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 13. <a href="#lesson13">CARELESS WORDS</a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 14. <a href="#lesson14">WEBSTER AND THE WOODCHUCK</a>,
+ <i>Adapted. Boston Traveler</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 15. <a href="#lesson15">DO IT YOURSELF</a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 16. <a href="#lesson16">BETTER LATE THAN NEVER</a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 17. <a href="#lesson17">THE ADOPTED CHILD</a>, <i>Mrs.
+ Hemans</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 18. <a href="#lesson18">THE OLD EAGLE TREE</a>, <i>Rev. John
+ Todd</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 19. <a href="#lesson19">THE LIGHT OF KNOWLEDGE</a>, <i>Elihu
+ Burritt</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 20. <a href="#lesson20">NIGHT'S LESSONS</a>, <i>L.H.
+ Sigourney</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 21. <a href="#lesson21">NATURE'S TEACHINGS</a>, <i>Chambers'
+ Journal</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 22. <a href="#lesson22">SOWING AND HARVESTING</a>,
+ <i>Anon.</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 23. <a href="#lesson23">A THRILLING INCIDENT</a>, <i>Adapted.
+ Anon.</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 24. <a href="#lesson24">THE TRUTHFUL KING</a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 25. <a href="#lesson25">WHEN SHALL I ANSWER, NO</a>, <i>J.N.
+ McElligott</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 26. <a href="#lesson26">TO MASTER ROBERT AND JOHN</a>,
+ <i>Davis</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 27. <a href="#lesson27">WHANG, THE MILLER</a>,
+ <i>Goldsmith</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 28. <a href="#lesson28">CHIMNEY-SWALLOWS</a>, <i>Henry Ward
+ Beecher</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 29. <a href="#lesson29">THE DOUBTING HEART</a>, <i>Adelaide
+ Procter</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 30. <a href="#lesson30">THE COMING OF WINTER</a>, <i>T.B.
+ Read</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 31. <a href="#lesson31">CHILD TIRED OF PLAY</a>, <i>N.P.
+ Willis</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 32. <a href="#lesson32">THE RESCUE</a>, <i>By a Sea
+ Captain</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 33. <a href="#lesson33">ROBERT BRUCE AND THE SCOTCH WOMAN</a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 34. <a href="#lesson34">ROBERT BRUCE AND THE SPIDER</a>,
+ <i>Bernard Barton</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 35. <a href="#lesson35">WEALTH AND FASHION</a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 36. <a href="#lesson36">MY FIRST JACK-KNIFE</a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 37. <a href="#lesson37">THE PINE-TREE SHILLINGS</a>,
+ <i>Nathaniel Hawthorne</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 38. <a href="#lesson38">HIAWATHA'S HUNTING</a>,
+ <i>Longfellow</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 39. <a href="#lesson39">DESPERATE ENCOUNTER WITH A
+ PANTHER</a>, <i>Bk. of Adventures</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 40. <a href="#lesson40">THE POWER OF HABIT</a>, <i>John B.
+ Gough</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 41. <a href="#lesson41">THE DRUNKARD'S DAUGHTER</a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 42. <a href="#lesson42">THE TWO YOUNG TRAVELERS</a>,
+ <i>Adapted. Merry's Museum</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 43. <a href="#lesson43">HIGHER!</a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 44. <a href="#lesson44">LABOR</a>, <i>Caroline F. Orne</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 45. <a href="#lesson45">THE AMBITIOUS APPRENTICE</a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 46. <a href="#lesson46">SO WAS FRANKLIN</a>, <i>Anon.</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 47. <a href="#lesson47">NOW AND THEN</a>, <i>Jane Taylor</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 48. <a href="#lesson48">AN INGENIOUS STRATAGEM</a>, <i>Days
+ of Washington</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 49. <a href="#lesson49">FRANCES SLOCUM, THE YOUNG
+ CAPTIVE</a>, <i>B.J. Lossing</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 50. <a href="#lesson50">THE RAIN-DROPS</a>, <i>Delia Louise
+ Colton</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 51. <a href="#lesson51">SMALL THINGS</a>, <i>F. Bennoch</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 52. <a href="#lesson52">MURDERER'S CREEK</a>, <i>James K.
+ Paulding</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 53. <a href="#lesson53">NAPOLEON'S ARMY CROSSING THE
+ ALPS</a>, <i>Adapted. Anon.</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 54. <a href="#lesson54">WHERE THERE'S A WILL THERE'S A
+ WAY</a>, <i>Eliza Cook</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 55. <a href="#lesson55">"I CAN"</a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 56. <a href="#lesson56">NOW, TO-DAY</a>, <i>Adelaide A.
+ Procter</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 57. <a href="#lesson57">CAPTURE OF MAJOR ANDRE</a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 58. <a href="#lesson58">BENEDICT ARNOLD</a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 59. <a href="#lesson59">BEHIND TIME</a>, <i>Freeman Hunt</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 60. <a href="#lesson60">HOW HAPPY I'LL BE</a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 61. <a href="#lesson61">THE SWORD OF BUNKER HILL</a>,
+ <i>William R. Wallace</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 62. <a href="#lesson62">BIBLE LEGEND OF THE WISSAHIKON</a>,
+ <i>Lippard</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 63. <a href="#lesson63">ADVICE TO THE YOUNG</a>, <i>E.H.
+ Chapin</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 64. <a href="#lesson64">THE INTREPID YOUTH</a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 65. <a href="#lesson65">THE FOUR MISFORTUNES</a>, <i>John G.
+ Saxe</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 66. <a href="#lesson66">MRS. CREDULOUS AND THE
+ FORTUNE-TELLER</a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 67. <a href="#lesson67">FAITH, HOPE, AND
+ CHARITY</a>&mdash;<i>An Allegory</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 68. <a href="#lesson68">NOT TO MYSELF ALONE</a>, <i>S.W.
+ Partridge</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 69. <a href="#lesson69">THE WORLD WOULD BE THE BETTER FOR
+ IT</a>, <i>W.H. Cobb</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 70. <a href="#lesson70">SELECT PROVERBS OF SOLOMON</a>,
+ <i>Bible</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 71. <a href="#lesson71">WINTER BEAUTY</a>, <i>Henry Ward
+ Beecher</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 72. <a href="#lesson72">FROSTED TREES</a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 73. <a href="#lesson73">THE MOUNTAINS OF LIFE</a>, <i>James
+ G. Clark</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 74. <a href="#lesson74">IMAGINARY EVILS</a>, <i>Chas.
+ Swain</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 75. <a href="#lesson75">SIR WALTER AND THE LION</a>, <i>A.
+ Walchner</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 76. <a href="#lesson76">CHOICE EXTRACTS</a>
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ I. WHAT REALLY BENEFITS US.
+ II. GOD'S LOVE.
+ III. LIFE-WORK.
+ IV. HUMILITY.
+ V. BENEFITS OF ADVERSITY.
+ VI. OUR MOUNTAIN HOMES.
+ VII. MAKE A BEGINNING.
+ VIII. INFLUENCE.
+ IX. PLEASURE IN ACQUIRING KNOWLEDGE.
+ X. WHAT IS FAME?
+ XI. CULTIVATED INTELLECT.
+ XII. GOD'S WORKS ATTEST HIS GREATNESS.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ 77. <a href="#lesson77">CAPTURE OF THE WHALE</a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 78. <a href="#lesson78">LEAVES FROM AN AERONAUT</a>,
+ <i>Willis Gaylord Clark</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 79. <a href="#lesson79">THE DAPPLE MARE</a>, <i>John G.
+ Saxe</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 80. <a href="#lesson80">A LEAP FOR LIFE</a>, <i>George P.
+ Morris</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 81. <a href="#lesson81">THE INDIAN BRIDE'S REVENGE</a>,
+ <i>Adapted. L.M. Stowell</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 82. <a href="#lesson82">A MOTHER'S LOVE</a>, <i>Albert
+ Barnes</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 83. <a href="#lesson83">THE LIFE-BOOK</a>, <i>Home
+ Journal</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 84. <a href="#lesson84">ODE ON SOLITUDE</a>, <i>Pope</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 85. <a href="#lesson85">GETTING THE RIGHT START</a>, <i>J.G.
+ Holland</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 86. <a href="#lesson86">THE PRESUMPTION OF YOUTH</a>,
+ <i>Rollin</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 87. <a href="#lesson87">SONG OF THE AMERICAN EAGLE</a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 89. <a href="#lesson89">LAST CRUISE OF THE MONITOR</a>,
+ <i>Adapted. Grenville M. Weeks</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 90. <a href="#lesson90">DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF
+ WOMEN</a>, <i>Gail Hamilton</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 91. <a href="#lesson91">SCENE FROM WILLIAM TELL</a>, <i>J.
+ Sheridan Knowles</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 92. <a href="#lesson92">THE RICH MAN AND THE POOR MAN</a>,
+ <i>Khemnitzer</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 93. <a href="#lesson93">GRANDEUR OF THE OCEAN</a>, <i>Walter
+ Colton</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 94. <a href="#lesson94">A BURIAL AT SEA</a>, <i>Walter
+ Colton</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 95. <a href="#lesson95">THE TREASURES OF THE DEEP</a>,
+ <i>Mrs. Hemans</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 96. <a href="#lesson96">THE BRIDGE OF SIGHS</a>, <i>Thomas
+ Hood</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 97. <a href="#lesson97">A REQUIEM</a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 98. <a href="#lesson98">VISIT TO MOUNT VERNON</a>, <i>A.C.
+ Ritchie</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 99. <a href="#lesson99">LA FAYETTE</a>, <i>Charles
+ Sprague</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 100. <a href="#lesson100">THE MYSTIC WEAVER</a>, <i>Rev. Dr.
+ Harbaugh</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 101. <a href="#lesson101">WORK AWAY</a>, <i>Harpers'
+ Magazine</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 102. <a href="#lesson102">QUEEN ISABELLA'S RESOLVE</a>,
+ <i>Vinet</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 103. <a href="#lesson103">DISCOVERY OF THE NEW WORLD</a>,
+ <i>Lamartine</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 104. <a href="#lesson104">THE RETURN OF COLUMBUS</a>,
+ <i>Vinet</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 105. <a href="#lesson105">TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO</a>,
+ <i>Grenville Mellen</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 106. <a href="#lesson106">PRESS ON</a>, <i>Park Benjamin</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 107. <a href="#lesson107">THE THREE FORMS OF NATURE</a>,
+ <i>From the French of Michelet</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 108. <a href="#lesson108">THE WHALE AND THE WHALER</a>,
+ <i>From the French of Michelet</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 109. <a href="#lesson109">RIENZI'S ADDRESS TO THE ROMANS</a>,
+ <i>Miss Mitford</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 110. <a href="#lesson110">SONG OF THE FORGE</a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 111. <a href="#lesson111">CHOICE EXTRACTS</a>
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ I. SWIFTNESS OF TIME.
+ II. THE SHIP OF STATE.
+ III. THE TRUE HERO.
+ IV. HEART ESSENTIAL TO GENIUS.
+ V. EDUCATION.
+ VI. VANITY OF WEALTH.
+ VII. CONSOLATION OF THE GOSPEL.
+ VIII. THE LIGHT OF HOPE.
+ IX. PAMPERING THE BODY AND STARVING THE SOUL.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ 112. <a href="#lesson112">WE ALL DO FADE AS A LEAF</a>,
+ <i>Gail Hamilton</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 113. <a href="#lesson113">TEACHINGS OF NATURE</a>,
+ <i>Pollok</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 114. <a href="#lesson114">PASSING UNDER THE ROD</a>, <i>Mary
+ S.B. Dana</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 115. <a href="#lesson115">THE PETULANT MAN</a>,
+ <i>Osborne</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 116. <a href="#lesson116">THE BRAHMIN AND THE ROGUES</a>,
+ <i>Versified by J.N. McElligott</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 117. <a href="#lesson117">LIVING WITHIN OUR MEANS</a>,
+ <i>S.W. Partridge</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 118. <a href="#lesson118">GRANDEUR OF THE UNIVERSE</a>,
+ <i>O.M. Mitchel</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 119. <a href="#lesson119">"WHOM HAVE I IN HEAVEN BUT
+ THEE?"</a>, <i>Pamelia S. Vining</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 120. <a href="#lesson120">THE MEMORY OF WASHINGTON</a>,
+ <i>Kossuth</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 121. <a href="#lesson121">THE LOST ONE'S LAMENT</a>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <h2>
+ EXPLANATION OF THE PAUSES.
+ </h2>
+ <span class="center">
+ <b>.</b>
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ The <b>Period</b> is the longest pause&mdash;a full stop. It
+ marks the end of a sentence, and shows the sense complete;
+ as, The sky is blue`. Pause the time of counting <i>six</i>,
+ and let the voice fall.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ <b>?</b>
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ The <b>Interrogation</b> is used at the end of a question;
+ as, Is the sky blue&acute;? If the question can be answered
+ by <i>yes</i> or <i>no</i>, the voice rises; if not, it
+ falls; as, Where is your map`;? Pause the time of counting
+ <i>six</i>.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ <b>!</b>
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ The <b>Exclamation</b> denotes wonder, surprise, pain, or
+ joy; as, O&acute;! what a sweet rose`! Pause the time of
+ counting <i>one</i>, after a single word, and let the voice
+ rise; but after a complete sentence, pause the time of
+ counting <i>six</i>, and let the voice fall.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ <b>:</b>
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ The <b>Colon</b> is a pause shorter than the Period; as, The
+ sky is clear`: the sun shines. Pause the time of counting
+ <i>four</i>, and let the voice fall.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ <b>;</b>
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ The <b>Semicolon</b> is a pause shorter than the Colon; as,
+ The rose is fair`; but it soon fades. Pause the time of
+ counting <i>two</i>, and let the voice fall. Sometimes the
+ voice should rise, as the sense may require.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ <b>,</b>
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ The <b>Comma</b> is the shortest pause; as, Jane goes to
+ school&acute;, and learns to read. Pause the time of counting
+ <i>one</i>, and keep the voice up.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ <b>&mdash;</b>
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ The <b>Dash</b> denotes a sudden pause or change of subject;
+ as, I saw him&mdash;but what a sight! When the dash is used
+ after any other pause, the time of that pause is doubled.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h2>
+ EXPLANATION OF OTHER MARKS.
+ </h2>
+ <span class="center">
+ <b>'</b>
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ The <b>Apostrophe</b> has the form of the comma. It denotes
+ the possessive case; as, John's book; also, that one or more
+ letters have been left out of a word; as, lov'd for loved.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ <b>" "</b>
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ The <b>Quotation</b> includes a passage that is taken from
+ some other author or speaker; as, John said: "See my kite."
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ <b>( )</b>
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ The <b>Parenthesis</b> includes words not properly a part of
+ the main sentence; as, I like these people (who would not?)
+ very much. The words within the parenthesis should be read in
+ a lower tone of voice.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ <b>[ ]</b>
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ The <b>Brackets</b> inclose words that serve to explain the
+ preceding word or sentence; as, James [the truthful boy] went
+ home.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ <b>^</b>
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ The <b>Caret</b> shows where words are to be put in that have
+ been omitted by mistake; as, Live <sub>^</sub><sup>in</sup>
+ peace.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ <b>&uml;</b>
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ The <b>Di&aelig;resis</b> is placed over the latter of two
+ vowels, to show that they belong to two distinct syllables;
+ as, a&euml;rial.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ <b>-</b>
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ The <b>Hyphen</b> is used to connect compound words; as,
+ Well-doing; or the parts of a word separated at the end of a
+ line.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ <b>&rArr;</b>
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ The <b>Index</b> points to something special or remarkable;
+ as, &rArr; Important News!
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ <b>*** ....</b> or <b>&mdash;&mdash;</b>
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ The <b>Ellipsis</b> shows that certain words or letters have
+ been purposely omitted; as, K**g, k..g, or k--g, for king.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ <b>&para;</b>
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ The <b>Paragraph</b> denotes the beginning of a new subject.
+ It is chiefly used in the Bible; as, &para; The same day came
+ to him, etc.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ <b>&sect;</b>
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ The <b>Section</b> is used to divide a book or chapter into
+ parts; as, &sect;45.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ <b>* &dagger; &Dagger;</b>
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ The <b>Asterisk</b>, the <b>Obelisk</b>, the <b>Double
+ Dagger</b>, and sometimes other marks, [Footnote: For
+ instance: the Section mark, &sect;, and the Parallel, ||.]
+ refer to notes in the margin.
+ </p>
+ <h2>
+ APPLICATIONS OF THE MARKS USED IN WRITING.
+ </h2>
+ <pre>
+LINE
+ 1 My Young Friends&acute;, never tell a falsehood`; but always
+ 2 speak the truth`; this is pleasing to your Maker.
+ 3 Do you read His holy word&mdash;the Bible&acute;? O! remem-
+ 4 ber, that He has there said: "He that speaketh lies, shall
+ 5 not escape: he shall perish."* Remember, too, that the
+ 6 All-seeing God knows all that we say or do.
+ 7 &para; Tho' wisdom's voice is seldom heard in k--g's
+ 8 palaces,&mdash;there have been <i>wise</i> kings, (<i>e.g.</i> Solomon,) who
+ 9 were lov'd and obey'd by their subjects.&dagger;
+ 10 Here, [i.e. in the U.S.,] we can not boast of our kings,
+ 11 princes, lords, &amp;c.; yet we have had a PRESIDENT, who,
+ 12 in true greatness, surpass'ed them all; viz., the great
+ 13 WASHINGTON.&mdash;&mdash; &rArr; Washington feared and hon-
+ 14 ored God.
+ 15 &sect; Section, &Dagger; Double Dagger, and || Parallel, are also used
+ 16 for reference to the margin.
+</pre>
+ <hr>
+ <pre>
+ * Proverbs xix. 5 and 9. &dagger; 1 Kings.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <h2>
+ PART FIRST.<br>
+ ELOCUTION.
+ </h2>
+ <p>
+ Elocution is the art of delivering written or extemporaneous
+ composition with force, propriety, and ease.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ It deals, therefore, with words, not only as individuals, but
+ as members of a sentence, and parts of a connected discourse:
+ including every thing necessary to the just expression of the
+ sense. Accordingly, it demands, in a <i>special</i> manner,
+ attention to the following particulars; viz., ARTICULATION,
+ ACCENT, EMPHASIS, INFLECTION, MODULATION, and PAUSES.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <a name="sect1"><!-- Marker --></a>
+ <h3>
+ SECTION I.<br>
+ ARTICULATION.
+ </h3>
+ <p>
+ Articulation is the art of uttering distinctly and justly the
+ letters and syllables constituting a word.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ It deals, therefore, with the elements of words, just as
+ elocution deals with the elements of sentences: the one
+ securing the true enunciation of each letter, or combination
+ of letters, the other giving to each word, or combination of
+ words, such a delivery as best expresses the meaning of the
+ author. It is the basis of all good reading, and should be
+ carefully practiced by the learner.
+ </p>
+ <h4>
+ ELEMENTARY SOUNDS OF THE LETTERS.
+ </h4>
+ <table>
+ <tr>
+ <td colspan="3" class="center">
+ VOWEL SOUNDS.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td colspan="3" class="center">
+ TONICS.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td colspan="3">
+ <hr>
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ <i>Element</i>.
+ </td>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ <i>Power</i>.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 1.&mdash;<sup>1</sup>A
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ as in
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <i>A</i>pe.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 2.&mdash;<sup>2</sup>A
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <i>A</i>rm.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 3.&mdash;<sup>3</sup>A
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <i>A</i>ll.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 4.&mdash;<sup>4</sup>A
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <i>A</i>t.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 5.&mdash;<sup>5</sup>A
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ C<i>a</i>re.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 6.&mdash;<sup>6</sup>A
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <i>A</i>sk.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 7.&mdash;<sup>1</sup>E
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <i>E</i>ve.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 8.&mdash;<sup>2</sup>E
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <i>E</i>nd.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 9.&mdash;<sup>1</sup>I
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <i>I</i>ce.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 10.&mdash;<sup>2</sup>I
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <i>I</i>t.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 11.&mdash;<sup>1</sup>O
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <i>O</i>ld.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 12.&mdash;<sup>2</sup>O
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ D<i>o</i>.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 13.&mdash;<sup>3</sup>O
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <i>O</i>x.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 14.&mdash;<sup>1</sup>U
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <i>U</i>se.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 15.&mdash;<sup>2</sup>U
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <i>U</i>p.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 16.&mdash;<sup>3</sup>U
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ P<i>u</i>ll.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 17.&mdash;OI
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ O<i>i</i>l.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 18.&mdash;OU
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ O<i>u</i>t.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td colspan="3" class="center">
+ CONSONANT SOUNDS.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td colspan="3" class="center">
+ SUB-TONICS.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td colspan="3">
+ <hr>
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 19.&mdash;B
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ as in
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <i>B</i>at.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 20.&mdash;D
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <i>D</i>un.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 21.&mdash;G
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <i>G</i>un.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 22.&mdash;J
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <i>J</i>et.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 23.&mdash;L
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <i>L</i>et.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 24.&mdash;M
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <i>M</i>an.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 25.&mdash;N
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <i>N</i>ot.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 26.&mdash;R
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <i>R</i>un.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 27.&mdash;V
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <i>V</i>ent.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 28.&mdash;W
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <i>W</i>ent.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 29.&mdash;Y
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <i>Y</i>es.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 30.&mdash;<sup>1</sup>Z
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <i>Z</i>eal.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 31.&mdash;<sup>2</sup>Z
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ A<i>z</i>ure.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 32.&mdash;NG
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ Si<i>ng</i>.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 33.&mdash;TH
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <i>Th</i>y.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td colspan="3" class="center">
+ A-TONICS.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td colspan="3">
+ <hr>
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 34.&mdash;F
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ as in
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <i>F</i>it.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 35.&mdash;H
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <i>H</i>at.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 36.&mdash;K
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <i>K</i>id.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 36.&mdash;P
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <i>P</i>it.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 38.&mdash;S
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <i>S</i>in.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 39.&mdash;T
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <i>T</i>op.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 40.&mdash;CH
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <i>Ch</i>at.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 41.&mdash;SH
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <i>Sh</i>un.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 42.&mdash;TH
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <i>Th</i>in.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ 43.&mdash;WH
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <i>Wh</i>en.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ <hr>
+ <p>
+ 21: Soft G is equivalent to J; soft C to S, and hard C and Q
+ to K. X is equivalent to K and S, as in <i>box</i>, or to G
+ and Z as in <i>exalt</i>.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 42: WH is pronounced as if the H preceded W, otherwise it
+ would be pronounced <i>W hen</i>. R should be slightly
+ trilled before a vowel. For further instructions, see Sanders
+ and Merrill's Elementary and Elocutionary Chart.
+ </p>
+ <h4>
+ SUBSTITUTES FOR THE VOWEL ELEMENTS.
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ For Long A.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+<i>ai</i> as in s<i>ai</i>l.
+<i>au</i> " g<i>au</i>ge.
+<i>ay</i> " l<i>ay</i>.
+<i>ea</i> " gr<i>ea</i>t.
+<i>ei</i> " d<i>ei</i>gn.
+<i>ey</i> " th<i>ey</i>.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ For Flat A.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+<i>au</i> as in d<i>au</i>nt.
+<i>ea</i> " h<i>ea</i>rt.
+<i>ua</i> " g<i>ua</i>rd.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ For Broad A.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+<i>au</i> as in p<i>au</i>se.
+<i>aw</i> " l<i>a</i>w.
+<i>eo</i> " G<i>eo</i>rge.
+<i>oa</i> " gr<i>oa</i>t.
+<i>o</i> " h<i>o</i>rn.
+<i>ou</i> " s<i>ou</i>ght.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ For Short A.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+<i>ai</i> as in pl<i>ai</i>d.
+<i>ua</i> " g<i>ua</i>ranty.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ For Intermediate A.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+<i>ai</i> as in h<i>ai</i>r.
+<i>ea</i> " b<i>ea</i>r.
+<i>e</i> " wh<i>e</i>re.
+<i>ei</i> " th<i>ei</i>r.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ For Long E.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+<i>ea</i> as in w<i>ea</i>k.
+<i>ei</i> " s<i>ei</i>ze.
+<i>eo</i> " p<i>eo</i>ple.
+<i>ey</i> " k<i>ey</i>.
+<i>ie</i> " br<i>ie</i>f.
+<i>i</i> " p<i>i</i>que.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ For Short E.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+<i>a</i> as in <i>a</i>ny.
+<i>ai</i> " s<i>ai</i>d.
+<i>ay</i> " s<i>ay</i>s.
+<i>ea</i> " d<i>ea</i>d.
+<i>ei</i> " h<i>ei</i>fer.
+<i>eo</i> " l<i>eo</i>pard.
+<i>ie</i> " fr<i>ie</i>nd.
+<i>ue</i> " g<i>ue</i>ss.
+<i>u</i> " b<i>u</i>ry.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ For Long I.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+<i>ai</i> as in <i>ai</i>sle.
+<i>ei</i> " sl<i>ei</i>ght.
+<i>ey</i> " <i>ey</i>e.
+<i>ie</i> " d<i>ie</i>.
+<i>oi</i> " ch<i>oi</i>r.
+<i>ui</i> " g<i>ui</i>de.
+<i>uy</i> " b<i>uy</i>.
+<i>y</i> " tr<i>y</i>.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ For Short I.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+<i>e</i> as in <i>E</i>nglish.
+<i>ee</i> " b<i>ee</i>n.
+<i>ie</i> " s<i>ie</i>ve.
+<i>o</i> " w<i>o</i>men.
+<i>u</i> " b<i>u</i>sy.
+<i>ui</i> " b<i>ui</i>ld.
+<i>y</i> " s<i>y</i>mbol.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ For Long O.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+<i>au</i> as in h<i>au</i>tboy.
+<i>eau</i> " b<i>eau</i>.
+<i>eo</i> " y<i>eo</i>man.
+<i>ew</i> " s<i>ew</i>.
+<i>oa</i> " b<i>oa</i>t.
+<i>oe</i> " h<i>oe</i>.
+<i>ou</i> " s<i>ou</i>l.
+<i>ow</i> " fl<i>o</i>w.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ For Long Slender O.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+<i>oe</i> as in sh<i>oe</i>.
+<i>ou</i> " s<i>ou</i>p.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ For Short O.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+<i>a</i> as in w<i>a</i>s.
+<i>ou</i> " h<i>ou</i>gh.
+<i>ow</i> " kn<i>ow</i>ledge.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ For Long U.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+<i>eau</i> as in b<i>eau</i>ty.
+<i>eu</i> " f<i>eu</i>d.
+<i>ew</i> " d<i>ew</i>.
+<i>ieu</i> " ad<i>ieu</i>.
+<i>ou</i> " y<i>ou</i>r.
+<i>ue</i> " c<i>ue</i>.
+<i>ui</i> " s<i>ui</i>t.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ For Short U.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+<i>e</i> as in h<i>e</i>r.
+<i>i</i> " s<i>i</i>r.
+<i>oe</i> " d<i>oe</i>s.
+<i>o</i> " l<i>o</i>ve.
+<i>ou</i> " y<i>ou</i>ng.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ For Short Slender U.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+<i>o</i> as in w<i>o</i>lf.
+<i>ou</i> " w<i>ou</i>ld.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ For the Diphthong OI.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+<i>oy</i> as in j<i>oy</i>.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ For the Diphthong OU.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+<i>ow</i> as in n<i>ow</i>.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ There is no pure Triphthongal sound in the language.
+ <i>Buoy</i> is equivalent to <i>bwoy</i>. <i>U</i> being a
+ consonant.
+ </p>
+ <h4>
+ SUBSTITUTES FOR THE CONSONANT ELEMENTS.
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ F.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+<i>gh</i> as in lau<i>gh</i>.
+<i>ph</i> " s<i>ph</i>ere.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ J.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+<i>g</i> " <i>g</i>em.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ K.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+<i>c</i> " <i>c</i>an.
+<i>ch</i> " <i>ch</i>ord.
+<i>gh</i> " hou<i>gh</i>.
+<i>q</i> " <i>q</i>uit.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ S.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+<i>c</i> " <i>c</i>ent.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ T.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+<i>d</i> " face<i>d</i>.
+<i>phth</i> " <i>phth</i>isic.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ V.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+<i>f</i> " o<i>f</i>.
+<i>ph</i> " Ste<i>ph</i>en.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ Y.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+<i>i</i> " val<i>i</i>ant.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ <sup>1</sup>Z.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+<i>c</i> " suffi<i>c</i>e.
+<i>s</i> " wa<i>s</i>.
+<i>x</i> " <i>X</i>erxes.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ <sup>2</sup>Z.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+<i>s</i> " trea<i>s</i>ure.
+<i>z</i> " a<i>z</i>ure.
+<i>si</i> " fu<i>si</i>on.
+<i>zi</i> " gla<i>zi</i>er.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ NG.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+<i>n</i> " co<i>n</i>ch.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ SH.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+<i>ce</i> " o<i>ce</i>an.
+<i>ci</i> " so<i>ci</i>al.
+<i>ch</i> " <i>ch</i>aise.
+<i>si</i> " pen<i>si</i>on.
+<i>s</i> " <i>s</i>ure.
+<i>ss</i> " i<i>ss</i>ue.
+<i>ti</i> " no<i>ti</i>on.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ CH.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+<i>ti</i> " fus<i>ti</i>an.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ B, D, G, H, L, M, N, P, and R, have no substitutes.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The most common faults in ARTICULATION are
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ I. <i>The suppression of a syllable; as,</i>
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+cab'n for cab-<i>i</i>n.
+cap'n " cap-<i>tai</i>n.
+barr'l " bar-r<i>e</i>l.
+ev'ry " ev-<i>e</i>-ry.
+hist'ry " his-t<i>o</i>-ry
+reg'lar " reg-<i>u</i>-lar.
+sev'ral " sev-<i>e</i>r-al.
+rhet'ric " rhet-<i>o</i>-ric.
+mem'ry " mem-<i>o</i>-ry.
+jub'lee " ju-b<i>i</i>-lee.
+trav'ler " trav-<i>e</i>l-er.
+fam'ly " fam-<i>i</i>-ly.
+vent'late " ven-t<i>i</i>-late.
+des'late " des-<i>o</i>-late.
+prob'ble " prob-<i>a</i>-ble.
+par-tic'lar " par-tic-<i>u</i>-lar.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ II. <i>The omission of any sound properly belonging to a
+ word; as,</i>
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+read-in for read-in<i>g</i>.
+swif-ly " swif<i>t</i>-ly.
+com-mans " com-man<i>d</i>s.
+wam-er " wa<i>r</i>m-er.
+um-ble " <i>h</i>um-ble.
+ap-py " <i>h</i>ap-py.
+con-sis " con-sis<i>t</i>s.
+fa-t'l " fa-tal.
+pr'-tect " pr<i>o</i>-tect.
+b'low " b<i>e</i>-low.
+p'r-vade " p<i>e</i>r-vade.
+srink-in " s<i>h</i>rink-in<i>g</i>.
+th'if-ty " th<i>r</i>if-ty.
+as-ter-is " as-ter-is<i>k</i>.
+gov-er-ment " gov-er<i>n</i>-ment.
+Feb-u-ary " Feb-<i>r</i>u-a-ry.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ III. <i>The substitution of one sound for another; as,</i>
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+<i>uf</i>-ford for <i>a</i>f-ford.
+wil-l<i>e</i>r " wil-lo<i>w</i>.
+sock-<i>i</i>t " sock-<i>et</i>.
+fear-l<i>u</i>ss " fear-l<i>e</i>ss.
+cul-t<i>e</i>r " cult-<i>u</i>re.
+prod-u<i>x</i> " prod-u<i>cts</i>.
+judg-m<i>u</i>nt " judg-m<i>e</i>nt.
+chil-dr<i>i</i>n " chil-dr<i>e</i>n.
+mod-<i>i</i>st " mod-<i>e</i>st.
+<i>u</i>p-prove " <i>a</i>p-prove.
+<i>w</i>in-e-gar " <i>v</i>in-e-gar.
+sep-<i>e</i>-rate " sep-<i>a</i>-rate.
+temp-er-<i>i</i>t " tem-per-<i>a</i>te.
+croc-<i>e</i>r-dile " croc-<i>o</i>-dile.
+t<i>u</i>b-ac-c<i>u</i>r " t<i>o</i>-bac-c<i>o</i>.
+com-pr<i>u</i>m-ise " com-pr<i>o</i>-mise.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ IV. Produce the sounds denoted by the following combinations
+ of consonants:&mdash;
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Let the pupil first produce the sound of the letters, and
+ then the word or words in which they occur. Be careful to
+ give a clear and distinct enunciation to every letter.
+ </p>
+ <ol>
+ <li>
+ <i>Bd</i>, as in ro<i>b'd</i>; <i>bdst</i>,
+ pro<i>b'dst</i>; <i>bl</i>, <i>bl</i> and, a<i>bl</i>e;
+ <i>bld</i>, hum-<i>bl'd; bldst</i>, trou<i>bl'dst</i>;
+ <i>blst</i>, trou<i>bl'st; blz</i>, crum<i>bles; br</i>,
+ <i>br</i>and; <i>bz</i>, ri<i>bs</i>.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <i>Ch</i>, as in <i>ch</i>ur<i>ch; cht</i>, fet<i>ch'd</i>.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <i>Dj</i>, as in e<i>dg</i>e; <i>djd</i>, he<i>dg'd;
+ dl</i>, bri<i>dle; dld</i>, rid<i>dl'd; dlst</i>,
+ han<i>dl'st</i>; <i>dlz</i>, bun<i>dles; dn</i>, har<i>d'n;
+ dr</i>, <i>dr</i>ove; <i>dth</i>, wi<i>dth; dths</i>,
+ brea<i>dths; dz</i>, o<i>dds</i>.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <i>Fl</i>, as in <i>fl</i>ame; <i>fld</i>, ri<i>fl'd</i>;
+ <i>flst</i>, sti<i>fl'st</i>; <i>flx</i>, ri<i>fles</i>;
+ <i>fr</i>, <i>fr</i>om; <i>fs</i>, qua<i>ffs</i>,
+ lau<i>ghs</i>; <i>fst</i>, lau<i>gh'st</i>,
+ qua<i>ff'st</i>; <i>ft</i>, ra<i>ft</i>; <i>fts</i>,
+ wa<i>fts; ftst</i>, gr<i>ft'st</i>.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <i>Gd</i>, as in beg<i>g'd</i>; <i>gdst</i>, brag<i>g'dst;
+ gl</i>, <i>gl</i>ide; <i>gld</i>, strug<i>gl'd; gldst</i>,
+ hag<i>gl'dst; gist</i>, stran<i>gl'st; glz</i>, min<i>gles;
+ gr, gr</i>ove; <i>gst</i>, beg<i>g'st; gz</i>, fi<i>gs</i>.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <i>Kl</i>, as in un<i>cle</i>, an<i>kle</i>; <i>kld</i>,
+ trick<i>l'd; kldst</i>, truck<i>l'dst; klst</i>,
+ chuc<i>kl'st; klz</i>, wrin<i>kles; kn</i>, blac<i>k'n;
+ knd</i>, rec<i>k'n'd; kndst</i>, rec<i>k'n'dst; knst</i>,
+ blac<i>k'n'st; knz</i>, rec<i>k'ns; kr, cr</i>ank;
+ <i>ks</i>, chec<i>ks; kt</i>, a<i>ct</i>.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <i>Lb</i>, as in bu<i>lb</i>; <i>lbd</i>, bu<i>lb'd;
+ lbs</i>, bu<i>lbs; lch</i>, fi<i>lch; lcht</i>, be<i>lch'd;
+ ld</i>, ho<i>ld; ldst</i>, fo<i>ld'st; ldz</i>, ho<i>lds;
+ lf</i>, se<i>lf; lfs</i>, gu<i>lfs; lj</i>, bu<i>lge;
+ lk</i>, e<i>lk; lks</i>, si<i>lks; lkt</i>, mi<i>lk'd;
+ lkts</i>, mu<i>lcts; lm</i>, e<i>lm; lmd</i>, whel<i>m'd;
+ lmz</i>, fi<i>lms; ln</i>, fa<i>ll'n;</i> <i>lp</i>,
+ he<i>lp</i>; <i>lps</i>, sca<i>lps</i>; <i>lpst</i>,
+ <i>help'st</i>; <i>ls</i>, fa<i>lse</i>; <i>lst</i>,
+ ca<i>ll'st</i>; <i>lt</i>, me<i>lt</i>; <i>lth</i>,
+ hea<i>lth</i>; <i>lths</i>, stea<i>lths</i>; <i>lts</i>,
+ co<i>lts</i>; <i>lv</i>, de<i>lve</i>; <i>lvd</i>,
+ she<i>lv'd</i>; <i>lvz</i>, el<i>ves</i>; <i>lz</i>,
+ ha<i>lls</i>.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <i>Md</i>, as in doo<i>m'd</i>; <i>mf</i>, triu<i>mph</i>;
+ <i>mp</i>, he<i>mp</i>; <i>mpt</i>, te<i>mpt</i>;
+ <i>mpts</i>, atte<i>mpts</i>; <i>mst</i>, ento<i>mb'st</i>;
+ <i>mz</i>, to<i>mbs</i>.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <i>Nch</i>, as in be<i>nch</i>; <i>ncht</i>,
+ pi<i>nch'd</i>; <i>nd</i>, a<i>nd</i>; <i>ndst</i>,
+ e<i>nd'st</i>; <i>ndz</i>, e<i>nds</i>; <i>ng</i>,
+ su<i>ng</i>; <i>ngd</i>, ba<i>nged</i>; <i>ngth</i>,
+ le<i>ngth</i>; <i>ngz</i>, so<i>ngs</i>; <i>nj</i>,
+ ra<i>nge</i>; <i>njd</i>, ra<i>ng'd</i>; <i>nk</i>,
+ i<i>nk</i>; <i>nks</i>, ra<i>nks</i>; <i>nkst</i>,
+ tha<i>nk'st</i>; <i>nst</i>, wi<i>ne'd</i>; <i>nt</i>,
+ se<i>nt</i>; <i>nts</i>, re<i>nts</i>; <i>ntst</i>,
+ we<i>nt'st</i>; <i>nz</i>, ru<i>ns</i>.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <i>Pl</i>, as in <i>pl</i>ume; <i>pld</i>, rip<i>pl'd</i>;
+ <i>plst</i>, rip<i>pl'st</i>; <i>plz</i>, ap<i>ples</i>;
+ <i>pr</i>, <i>pr</i>ince; <i>ps</i>, si<i>ps</i>;
+ <i>pst</i>, rap<i>p'st</i>; <i>pt</i>, rip<i>p'd</i>.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <i>Rb</i>, as in he<i>rb</i>; <i>rch</i>, sea<i>rch</i>;
+ <i>rcht</i>, chu<i>rch'd</i>; <i>rbd</i>, o<i>rbd</i>;
+ <i>rbdst</i>, ba<i>rb'dst</i>; <i>rbst</i>,
+ distu<i>rb'st</i>; <i>rbz</i>, o<i>rbs</i>; <i>rd</i>,
+ ha<i>rd</i>; <i>rdst</i>, hea<i>rd'st</i>; <i>rdz</i>,
+ wo<i>rds</i>; <i>rf</i>, tu<i>rf</i>; <i>rft</i>,
+ sca<i>rfd</i>; <i>rg</i>, bu<i>rg</i>; <i>rgz</i>,
+ bu<i>rgs</i>; <i>rj</i>, di<i>rge</i>; <i>rjd</i>,
+ u<i>rg'd</i>; <i>rk</i>, a<i>rk</i>; <i>rks</i>,
+ a<i>rks</i>; <i>rkst</i>, wo<i>rk'st</i>; <i>rkt</i>,
+ di<i>rk'd</i>; <i>rktst</i>, emba<i>rk'dst</i>; <i>rl</i>,
+ gi<i>rl</i>; <i>rld</i>, wo<i>rld</i>; <i>rldst</i>,
+ hu<i>rld'st</i>; <i>rlst</i>, whi<i>rl'st</i>; <i>rlz</i>,
+ hu<i>rls</i>; <i>rm</i>, a<i>rm</i>; <i>rmd</i>,
+ a<i>rm'd</i>; <i>rmdst</i>, ha<i>rm'dst</i>; <i>rmst</i>,
+ a<i>rm'st</i>; <i>rmz</i>, cha<i>rms</i>; <i>rn</i>,
+ tu<i>rn</i>; <i>rnd</i>, tu<i>rn'd</i>; <i>rndst</i>,
+ ea<i>rn'dst</i>; <i>rnst</i>, lea<i>rn'st</i>; <i>rnz</i>,
+ u<i>rns</i>; <i>rp</i>, ca<i>rp</i>; <i>rps</i>,
+ ha<i>rps</i>; <i>rpt</i>, wa<i>rp'd</i>; <i>rs</i>,
+ ve<i>rs</i>e; <i>rsh</i>, ha<i>rsh</i>; <i>rst</i>,
+ fi<i>rst</i>; <i>rsts</i>, bu<i>rsts</i>; <i>rt</i>,
+ da<i>rt</i>; <i>rth</i>, ea<i>rth</i>; <i>rths</i>,
+ bi<i>rths</i>; <i>rts</i>, ma<i>rts</i>; <i>rtst</i>,
+ da<i>rt'st</i>; <i>rv</i>, cu<i>rve</i>; <i>rvd</i>,
+ ne<i>rv'd</i>; <i>rvdst</i>, cu<i>rv'dst</i>; <i>rvst</i>,
+ swe<i>rv'st</i>; <i>rvz</i>, ne<i>rves</i>; <i>rz</i>,
+ e<i>rrs</i>.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <i>Sh</i>, as in <i>sh</i>ip; <i>sht</i>, hu<i>sh'd</i>;
+ <i>sk</i>, <i>sc</i>an, <i>sk</i>ip; <i>sks</i>,
+ tu<i>sks</i>; <i>skst</i>, fri<i>sk'st</i>; <i>skt</i>,
+ ri<i>sk'd</i>; <i>sl</i>, <i>sl</i>ow; <i>sld</i>,
+ ne<i>stl'd</i>; <i>slz</i>, we<i>stles</i>; <i>sm</i>,
+ <i>sm</i>ile; <i>sn</i>, <i>sn</i>ag; <i>sp</i>,
+ <i>sp</i>ort; <i>sps</i>, li<i>sps</i>; <i>spt</i>,
+ cla<i>sp'd</i>; <i>st</i>, <i>st</i>ag; <i>str</i>,
+ <i>str</i>ike; <i>sts</i>, re<i>sts</i>; <i>sw</i>,
+ <i>sw</i>ing.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <i>Th</i>, as in <i>th</i>ine, <i>th</i>in; <i>thd</i>,
+ brea<i>th'd</i>; <i>thr</i>, <i>thr</i>ee; <i>thst</i>,
+ brea<i>th'st</i>; <i>thw</i>, <i>thw</i>ack; <i>thz</i>,
+ wri<i>thes</i>; <i>tl</i>, ti<i>tle</i>; <i>tld</i>,
+ set<i>tl'd</i>; <i>tldst</i>, set<i>tl'dst</i>;
+ <i>tlst</i>,set<i>tl'st</i>; <i>tlz</i>, net<i>tles</i>;
+ <i>tr</i>, <i>tr</i>uuk; <i>ts</i>, fi<i>ts</i>; <i>tw</i>,
+ <i>tw</i>irl.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <i>Vd</i>, as in cur<i>v'd</i>; <i>vdst</i>,
+ li<i>v'dst</i>; <i>vl</i>, dri<i>v'l</i>; <i>vld</i>,
+ gro<i>v'l'd</i>; <i>vldst</i>, gro<i>v'l'dst</i>;
+ <i>vlst</i>, dri<i>v'l'st</i>; <i>un</i>, dri<i>v'n</i>;
+ <i>vst</i>, li<i>v'st</i>; <i>vz</i>, li<i>ves</i>.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <i>Wh</i>, as in <i>wh</i>en, <i>wh</i>ere.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <i>Zd</i>, as in mu<i>s'd</i>; <i>zl</i>, daz<i>zle</i>;
+ <i>zld</i>, muz<i>zl'd</i>; <i>zldst</i>, daz<i>zl'dst</i>;
+ <i>zlst</i>, daz<i>zl'st</i>; <i>zlz</i>, muz<i>zles</i>;
+ <i>zm</i>, spa<i>sm</i>; <i>zmz</i>, cha<i>sms</i>;
+ <i>zn</i>, ri<i>s'n</i>; <i>znd</i>, rea<i>s'n'd</i>;
+ <i>znz</i>, pri<i>s'nz</i>; <i>zndst</i>,
+ impri<i>s'n'dst</i>.
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ <p>
+ V. Avoid blending the termination of one word with the
+ beginning of another, or suppressing the final letter or
+ letters of one word, when the next word commences with a
+ similar sound.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLES.
+ </span>
+ <pre>
+ His small eyes instead of His small lies.
+ She keeps pies " She keeps spies.
+ His hour is up " His sour is sup.
+ Dry the widow's tears " Dry the widow steers.
+ Your eyes and ears " Your rise sand dears.
+ He had two small eggs " He had two small legs.
+ Bring some ice cream " Bring some mice scream.
+ Let all men praise Him " Let tall men pray sim.
+ He was killed in war " He was skilled in war.
+ Water, air, and earth " Water rare rand dearth.
+ Come and see me once more " Come mand see me one smore.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ NOTE.&mdash;By an indistinct Articulation the sense of a
+ passage is often liable to be perverted.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLES.
+ </span>
+ <ol>
+ <li>
+ Will he attempt to conceal hi<i>s acts?</i><br>
+ Will he attempt to conceal hi<i>s sacks?</i>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ The man ha<i>d o</i>ars to row he<i>r o</i>ver.<br>
+ The man ha<i>d d</i>oors to row he<i>r r</i>over.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Can there be a<i>n a</i>im more lofty?<br>
+ Can there be <i>a n</i>ame more lofty?
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ The judge<i>s o</i>ught to arrest the culprits.<br>
+ The judge<i>s s</i>ought to arrest the culprits.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Hi<i>s i</i>re burned when she told him he<i>r a</i>ge.<br>
+ Hi<i>s s</i>ire burned when she told him he<i>r r</i>age.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ He wa<i>s a</i>wed at the works of labor a<i>nd
+ a</i>rt.<br>
+ He wa<i>s s</i>awed at the works of labor a<i>n d</i>art.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ He wa<i>s tr</i>ained in the religion of his fathers.<br>
+ He wa<i>s st</i>rained in the religion of his fathers.
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ <span class="center">
+ MISCELLANEOUS EXAMPLES.
+ </span>
+ <ol>
+ <li>
+ <i>Br</i>avely o'er <i>th</i>e
+ <i>b</i>oi<i>st</i>e<i>r</i>ous
+ <i>b</i>i<i>ll</i>ow<i>s</i>,<br>
+ <i>H</i>is <i>g</i>a<i>ll</i>a<i>nt</i> <i>b</i>a<i>rk</i>
+ <i>w</i>a<i>s</i> <i>b</i>o<i>rn</i>e.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <i>C</i>a<i>n</i> <i>cr</i>a<i>v</i>e<i>n</i>
+ <i>c</i>owa<i>rds</i> e<i>x</i>pe<i>ct</i> to
+ <i>c</i>o<i>nq</i>ue<i>r</i> <i>th</i>e
+ <i>c</i>ou<i>ntr</i>y?
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <i>Cl</i>i<i>ck</i>, <i>cl</i>i<i>ck</i>,
+ <i>g</i>oe<i>s</i> <i>th</i>e <i>cl</i>o<i>ck</i>;
+ <i>cl</i>a<i>ck</i>, <i>cl</i>a<i>ck</i>,
+ <i>g</i>oe<i>s</i> <i>th</i>e <i>m</i>i<i>ll</i>.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <i>D</i>i<i>d</i> <i>y</i>ou <i>d</i>esi<i>r</i>e to
+ <i>h</i>ea<i>r</i> <i>h</i>i<i>s</i> <i>d</i>a<i>rk</i>
+ a<i>nd</i> <i>d</i>o<i>l</i>e<i>f</i>u<i>l</i>
+ <i>dr</i>ea<i>ms</i>?
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ "<i>F</i>ir<i>m</i>-<i>p</i>a<i>c</i>e<i>d</i> a<i>nd</i>
+ <i>sl</i>ow, a <i>h</i>o<i>rr</i>i<i>d</i>
+ <i>fr</i>o<i>nt</i> <i>th</i>ey <i>form</i>,<br>
+ <i>St</i>i<i>ll</i> a<i>s</i> <i>th</i>e
+ <i>br</i>ee<i>ze</i>; <i>b</i>u<i>t</i>
+ <i>dr</i>ea<i>df</i>u<i>l</i> a<i>s</i> <i>th</i>e
+ <i>st</i>or<i>m</i>."
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <i>Th</i>e <i>fl</i>a<i>m</i>i<i>ng</i> <i>f</i>i<i>r</i>e
+ <i>fl</i>a<i>sh</i>ed <i>f</i>ea<i>rf</i>u<i>ll</i>y
+ i<i>n</i> <i>h</i>i<i>s</i> <i>f</i>a<i>c</i>e.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <i>Th</i>e <i>gl</i>a<i>ss</i>y
+ <i>gl</i>a<i>ci</i>e<i>rs</i> <i>gl</i>ea<i>m</i>e<i>d</i>
+ i<i>n</i> <i>gl</i>owi<i>ng</i> <i>l</i>igh<i>t</i>.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <i>H</i>ow <i>h</i>igh <i>h</i>i<i>s</i>
+ ho<i>n</i>o<i>rs</i> <i>h</i>ea<i>v</i>e<i>d</i>
+ <i>h</i>i<i>s</i> <i>h</i>augh<i>t</i>y <i>h</i>ea<i>d</i>!
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <i>H</i>e <i>dr</i>ew <i>l</i>o<i>ng</i>,
+ <i>l</i>e<i>g</i>i<i>bl</i>e <i>lin</i>e<i>s</i>
+ a<i>l</i>o<i>ng</i> <i>th</i>e <i>l</i>ove<i>l</i>y
+ <i>l</i>a<i>ndsc</i>a<i>p</i>e.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <i>M</i>a<i>ss</i>e<i>s</i> of i<i>mm</i>e<i>ns</i>e
+ <i>m</i>a<i>gn</i>i<i>t</i>u<i>d</i>e <i>m</i>o<i>v</i>e
+ <i>m</i>a<i>j</i>e<i>st</i>i<i>c</i>a<i>ll</i>y
+ <i>thr</i>ough <i>th</i>e <i>v</i>a<i>st</i>
+ e<i>mp</i>i<i>r</i>e of <i>th</i>e
+ <i>s</i>o<i>l</i>a<i>r</i> <i>s</i>y<i>st</i>e<i>m</i>.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <i>R</i>ou<i>nd</i> <i>th</i>e <i>r</i>ou<i>gh</i>
+ a<i>nd</i> <i>r</i>u<i>gg</i>e<i>d</i> <i>r</i>o<i>cks</i>
+ <i>th</i>e <i>r</i>a<i>gg</i>e<i>d</i>
+ <i>r</i>a<i>sc</i>a<i>l</i> <i>r</i>a<i>n</i>.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <i>Th</i>e <i>str</i>i<i>pl</i>i<i>ng</i>
+ <i>str</i>a<i>ng</i>e<i>r</i> <i>str</i>aye<i>d</i>
+ <i>str</i>aigh<i>t</i> <i>to</i>wa<i>rd</i> <i>th</i>e
+ <i>str</i>u<i>ggl</i>i<i>ng</i> <i>str</i>ea<i>m</i>.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <i>Sh</i>e u<i>tt</i>e<i>r</i>e<i>d</i> a
+ <i>sh</i>a<i>rp</i>, <i>shr</i>i<i>ll</i>
+ <i>shr</i>ie<i>k</i>, a<i>nd</i> <i>th</i>e<i>n</i>
+ <i>shr</i>u<i>nk</i> <i>fr</i>o<i>m</i> <i>th</i>e
+ <i>shr</i>i<i>v</i>e<i>l</i>e<i>d</i> <i>f</i>o<i>rm</i>
+ <i>th</i>a<i>t</i> <i>sl</i>u<i>mb</i>e<i>r</i>e<i>d</i>
+ i<i>n</i> <i>th</i>e <i>shr</i>ou<i>d</i>.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <i>F</i>or <i>f</i>ear o<i>f</i> o<i>ff</i>ending
+ <i>th</i>e <i>fr</i>ight<i>f</i>ul fugitive, <i>th</i>e
+ <i>v</i>i<i>l</i>e <i>v</i>a<i>g</i>a<i>b</i>o<i>nd</i>
+ <i>v</i>e<i>nt</i>u<i>r</i>e<i>d</i> <i>t</i>o
+ <i>v</i>i<i>l</i>i<i>fy</i> <i>th</i>e
+ <i>v</i>e<i>n</i>e<i>r</i>a<i>bl</i>e
+ <i>v</i>e<i>t</i>e<i>r</i>a<i>n</i>.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ A<i>midst</i> <i>th</i>e <i>m</i>i<i>sts</i>,
+ <i>w</i>i<i>th</i> a<i>ngr</i>y <i>b</i>oa<i>sts</i>,<br>
+ <i>H</i>e <i>thr</i>u<i>sts</i> <i>h</i>i<i>s</i>
+ <i>f</i>i<i>sts</i> a<i>g</i>ai<i>nst</i> <i>th</i>e
+ <i>p</i>o<i>sts</i>,<br>
+ A<i>nd</i> <i>st</i>i<i>ll</i> i<i>ns</i>i<i>sts</i>
+ <i>h</i>e <i>s</i>ee<i>s</i> <i>th</i>e
+ <i>g</i>ho<i>sts</i>.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Peter Prangle, the prickly prangly pear picker, picked
+ three pecks of prickly prangly pears, from the prangly pear
+ trees, on the pleasant prairies.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Theophilus Thistle, the successful thistle sifter, in
+ sifting a sieve full of unsifted thistles, thrust three
+ thousand thistles through the thick of his thumb; now, if
+ Theophilus Thistle, the successful thistle sifter, in
+ sifting a sieve full of unsifted thistles, thrust three
+ thousand thistles through the thick of <i>his</i> thumb,
+ see that <i>thou</i>, in sifting a sieve full of unsifted
+ thistles, thrust not three thousand thistles through the
+ thick of <i>thy</i> thumb. Success to the successful
+ thistle sifter.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ We travel <i>sea</i> and <i>soil</i>; we <i>pry</i>, we
+ <i>prowl</i>;<br>
+ We <i>progress</i>, and we <i>prog</i> from <i>pole</i> to
+ <i>pole</i>.
+ </li>
+ </ol><a name="sect2"><!-- Marker --></a>
+ <h3>
+ SECTION II.<br>
+ ACCENT AND EMPHASIS.
+ </h3>
+ <p>
+ ACCENT and EMPHASIS both indicate some special stress of
+ voice.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Accent is that stress of voice by which one <i>syllable</i>
+ of a word is made more prominent than others; EMPHASIS is
+ that stress of voice by which one or more <i>words</i> of a
+ sentence are distinguished above the rest.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ ACCENT.
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ The accented syllable is sometimes designated thus:
+ (&prime;); as, <i>com-mand&prime;-ment</i>.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ NOTE I.&mdash;Words of more than two syllables generally have
+ two or more of them accented.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The more forcible stress of voice, is called the <i>Primary
+ Accent</i>; and the less forcible, the <i>Secondary
+ Accent</i>.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLES OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY ACCENT.
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ In the following examples the Primary Accent is designated by
+ double accentual marks, thus:
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Ed&Prime;-u-cate&prime;</i>,
+ <i>ed&prime;-u-ca&Prime;-tion</i>,
+ <i>mul&Prime;-ti-ply&prime;</i>,
+ <i>mul&prime;-ti-pli-ca&Prime;-tion</i>,
+ <i>sat&Prime;-is-fy&prime;</i>,
+ <i>sat&prime;-is-fac&Prime;-tion</i>,
+ <i>com&prime;-pre-hend&Prime;</i>,
+ <i>com&prime;-pre-hen&Prime;-sion</i>,
+ <i>rec&prime;-om-mend&Prime;</i>,
+ <i>rec&prime;-om-mend-a&Prime;-tion</i>,
+ <i>mo&Prime;-ment-a&prime;-ry</i>,
+ <i>com-mun&Prime;-ni-cate&prime;</i>,
+ <i>com&prime;-pli-ment&Prime;-al</i>,
+ <i>in-dem&prime;-ni-fi-ca&Prime;-tion</i>,
+ <i>ex&prime;-tem-po-ra&Prime;-ne-ous</i>,
+ <i>coun&prime;-ter-rev&prime;-o-lu&Prime;-tion-a-ry</i>.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ NOTE II.&mdash;The change of accent on the same word often
+ changes its meaning.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLES.
+ </span>
+ <pre>
+col&prime;-league, <i>a partner</i>.
+col-league&prime;, <i>to unite with</i>.
+con&prime;-duct, <i>behavior</i>.
+con-duct&prime;, <i>to lead</i>.
+des&prime;-cant, <i>a song or tune</i>.
+des-cant&prime;, <i>to comment</i>.
+ob&prime;-ject, <i>ultimate purpose</i>.
+ob-ject&prime;, <i>to oppose</i>.
+in&prime;-ter-dict, <i>a prohibition</i>.
+in-ter-dict&prime;, <i>to forbid</i>.
+o&prime;ver-throw, <i>ruin; defeat</i>.
+o-ver-throw&prime;, <i>to throw down</i>.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ NOTE III.&mdash;Emphatic words are often printed in
+ <i>Italics</i>. When, however, different degrees of emphasis
+ are to be denoted, the higher degrees are designated by the
+ use of Capitals, <span class="lg-caps">LARGER</span> or
+ <span class="sm-caps">SMALLER</span>, according to the degree
+ of intensity.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLES.
+ </span>
+ <ol>
+ <li>
+ Our motto shall be, <i>our country</i>, <span class=
+ "sm-caps">OUR WHOLE COUNTRY</span>, and <span class=
+ "lg-caps">NOTHING BUT OUR COUNTRY</span>.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <i>Thou Child of Joy!</i> <span class=
+ "sm-caps">SHOUT</span> round me: let me <span class=
+ "sm-caps">HEAR</span> <i>thy shouts, thou happy Shepherd
+ Boy!</i>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Freedom calls you! <i>quick</i>, be ready,<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;Think of what your sires have done;<br>
+ <i>Onward</i>, <span class="sm-caps">ONWARD</span>! strong
+ and steady,<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;Drive the tyrant to his den;<br>
+ ON, and let the watchword be,<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;<i>Country</i>, <span class=
+ "sm-caps">HOME</span>, and <span class=
+ "lg-caps">LIBERTY</span>.<br>
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ <p>
+ NOTE IV.&mdash;Emphasis, as before intimated, varies in
+ degrees of intensity.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLES OF INTENSIVE EMPHASIS.
+ </span>
+ <ol>
+ <li>
+ He shook the fragment of his blade,<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;And shouted: <span class=
+ "lg-caps">"VICTORY</span>!<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;<i>Charge</i>, Chester, <span class=
+ "sm-caps">CHARGE</span>! <i>On</i>, Stanley,
+ <span class="sm-caps">ON</span>!"
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ A <i>month!</i> O, for a single <span class=
+ "sm-caps">WEEK</span>! I as not for <i>years'</i>, though
+ an <span class="sm-caps">AGE</span> were <i>too little</i>
+ for the <i>much</i> I have to do.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <i>Now</i> for the <span class="sm-caps">FIGHT</span>!
+ <i>now</i> for the <span class="sm-caps">CANNON
+ PEAL</span>!<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="lg-caps">ONWARD</span>! through
+ <i>blood</i>, and <i>toil</i>, and <i>cloud</i>, and
+ <i>fire!</i><br>
+ <i>Glorious</i>&mdash;the <span class=
+ "sm-caps">SHOUT</span>, the <span class=
+ "sm-caps">SHOCK</span>, the <span class=
+ "sm-caps">CRASH</span> of <span class=
+ "sm-caps">STEEL</span>,<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;The <span class="sm-caps">VOLLEY'S
+ ROLL</span>, the <span class="sm-caps">ROCKET'S BLAZING
+ SPIRE</span>!<br>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Hear, <span class="sm-caps">O HEAVENS</span>! and give ear,
+ <span class="sm-caps">O EARTH</span>!
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ <p>
+ NOTE V.&mdash;Emphasis sometimes changes the seat of accent
+ from its ordinary position.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLES.
+ </span>
+ <pre>
+ There is a difference between <i>pos&prime;</i>sibility and <i>prob&prime;</i>ability.
+ And behold, the angels of God <i>as&prime;</i>cending and <i>de&prime;</i>scending on it.
+ For this corruptible must put on <i>in&prime;</i>corruption, and this mortal must
+put on <i>im&prime;</i>mortality.
+ Does his conduct deserve <i>ap&prime;</i>probation or <i>rep&prime;</i>robation?
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ NOTE VI.&mdash;There are two kinds of
+ Emphasis:&mdash;<i>Absolute</i> and <i>Antithetic</i>.
+ ABSOLUTE EMPHASIS is used to designate the important words of
+ a sentence, without any direct reference to other words.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLES OF ABSOLUTE EMPHASIS.
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ 1.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ Oh, speak to passion's raging tide,
+<i>Speak</i> and <i>say</i>: "<span class=
+"sm-caps">PEACE, BE STILL!</span>"
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ 2. The <span class="sm-caps">UNION</span>, it <span class=
+ "lg-caps">MUST</span> and <span class="lg-caps">SHALL BE
+ PRESERVED!</span>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ <span class=
+"sm-caps">HUSH!</span> <i>breathe it not aloud</i>,
+<i>The wild winds must not hear it! Yet, again</i>,
+<i>I tell thee</i>&mdash;<span class="sm-caps">WE ARE FREE!</span>
+</pre>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ KNOWLES.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. When my country shall take her place among the nations of
+ the earth, <span class="sm-caps">THEN</span> and not
+ <span class="lg-caps">TILL</span> then, let my epitaph be
+ written.
+ </p>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ EMMETT.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. If you are <span class="sm-caps">MEN</span>, <i>follow</i>
+ <span class="sm-caps">ME! STRIKE DOWN</span> <i>yon guard,
+ and gain the mountain passes.</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ <span class=
+"sm-caps">OH!</span> <i>shame on us</i>, countrymen, <span class="sm-caps">SHAME</span> <i>on us</i> <span class="sm-caps">ALL</span>,
+ If we <span class="sm-caps">CRINGE</span> to so dastard a race.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ 7. This doctrine <i>never was received</i>; it
+ <span class="sm-caps">NEVER CAN</span>, <i>by any</i>
+ <span class="lg-caps">POSSIBILITY</span>, <span class=
+ "sm-caps">BE RECEIVED</span>; and, if admitted at
+ <span class="sm-caps">ALL</span>, it <i>must be by</i>
+ <span class="lg-caps">THE TOTAL SUBVERSION OF
+ LIBERTY!</span>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. Are you <i>Christians</i>, and, by upholding duelists,
+ will you <i>deluge the land with blood</i>, and <i>fill it
+ with widows and orphans.</i>
+ </p>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ BEECHER.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. <span class="sm-caps">LIBERTY</span> <i>and</i>
+ <span class="sm-caps">UNION, NOW</span> <i>and</i>
+ <span class="sm-caps">FOREVER, ONE</span> <i>and</i>
+ <span class="sm-caps">INSEPARABLE</span>.
+ </p>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ WEBSTER.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. <i>Treason!</i> cried the speaker; <i>treason</i>,
+ <span class="sm-caps">TREASON</span>, <span class=
+ "lg-caps">TREASON</span>, reechoed from every part of the
+ house.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11. <i>The war is inevitable</i>,&mdash;and <span class=
+ "sm-caps">LET IT COME!</span> I repeat it,
+ Sir,&mdash;<span class="lg-caps">LET IT COME!</span>
+ </p>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ PATRICK HENRY.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 12.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ Be we <i>men</i>,
+ And suffer such dishonor? <span class=
+"sm-caps">MEN</span>, and wash not
+ The stain away in <span class="sm-caps">BLOOD?</span>
+</pre>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ MISS MITFORD.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 13.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ <span class=
+"sm-caps">O SACRED FORMS!</span> how <i>proud</i> you look!
+ How <i>high</i> you lift your heads into the sky!
+ How <i>huge</i> you are! how <i>mighty</i> and how <i>free</i>!
+</pre>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ KNOWLES.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 14. I shall know but <i>one</i> country. The ends <i>I</i>
+ aim at, shall be "My <span class="sm-caps">COUNTRY'S</span>,
+ my <span class="sm-caps">GOD'S</span>, and <span class=
+ "sm-caps">TRUTH'S</span>."
+ </p>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ WEBSTER.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ NOTE VII.&mdash;ANTITHETIC EMPHASIS is that which is founded
+ on the contrast of one word or clause with another.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLES OF ANTITHETIC EMPHASIS.
+ </span><br>
+ <br>
+
+ <p>
+ 1. The faults of <i>others</i> should always remind us of our
+ <i>own</i>.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. He desired to <i>protect</i> his friend, not to
+ <i>injure</i> him.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ But <i>yesterday</i>, the word of Caesar might
+ Have stood against the world; <i>now</i> lies he there,
+ And none so poor to do him reverence.
+</pre>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ SHAKESPEARE.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. A <i>good name</i> is rather to be chosen than <i>great
+ riches</i>.
+ </p>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ BIBLE.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. We can do nothing <i>against</i> the truth; but <i>for</i>
+ the truth.
+ </p>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ BIBLE.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. He that is <i>slow to anger</i>, is better than the
+ <i>mighty</i>; and he that <i>ruleth his spirit</i>, than he
+ that <i>taketh a city</i>.
+ </p>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ BIBLE.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ NOTE VIII.&mdash;The following examples contain two or more
+ sets of Antitheses.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. <i>Just men</i> are only <i>free</i>, the <i>rest</i> are
+ <i>slaves</i>.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. <i>Beauty</i> is like the <i>flower of spring; virtue</i>
+ is like the <i>stars of heaven</i>.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ <i>Truth</i> crushed to earth shall <i>rise</i> again,
+ The eternal years of God are hers;
+ But <i>error</i>, wounded, <i>writhes</i> in pain,
+ And <i>dies</i> amid her worshipers.
+</pre>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ BRYANT.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. A <i>false balance</i> is <i>abomination to the Lord</i>;
+ but a <i>just weight</i> is <i>his delight</i>.
+ </p>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ BIBLE.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. A <i>friend</i> can not be <i>known</i> in
+ <i>prosperity;</i> and an <i>enemy</i> can not be
+ <i>hidden</i> in <i>adversity</i>.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. It is my <i>living sentiment</i>, and, by the blessing of
+ God, it shall be my <i>dying sentiment:</i> INDEPENDENCE NOW,
+ and INDEPENDENCE FOREVER.
+ </p>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ WEBSTER.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. We live in <i>deeds</i>, not <i>years</i>,&mdash;in
+ <i>thoughts</i>, not <i>breaths</i>,&mdash;in
+ <i>feelings</i>, not in <i>figures on a dial</i>. We should
+ count time by <i>heart throbs</i>. He <i>most lives</i>, who
+ <span class="sm-caps">THINKS THE MOST,&mdash;FEELS THE
+ NOBLEST,&mdash;ACTS THE BEST.</span>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. <i>You</i> have done the <i>mischief</i>, and <i>I</i>
+ bear the <i>blame</i>.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. The <i>wise man</i> is happy when he gains his <i>own</i>
+ approbation; the <i>fool</i> when he gains that of
+ <i>others</i>.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. We must hold <i>them</i> as we hold the <i>rest</i> of
+ mankind&mdash;<i>enemies</i> in <i>war</i>,&mdash;in
+ <i>peace, friends</i>.
+ </p>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ JEFFERSON.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ NOTE IX.&mdash;The sense of a passage is varied by changing
+ the place of the emphasis.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLES.
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ 1. Has <i>James</i> seen his brother to-day? No; but
+ <i>Charles</i> has.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. Has James <i>seen</i> his brother to-day? No; but he has
+ <i>heard</i> from him.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. Has James seen <i>his</i> brother to-day? No; but he saw
+ <i>yours</i>.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. Has James seen his <i>brother</i> to-day? No; but he has
+ seen his <i>sister</i>.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. Has James seen his brother <i>to-day</i>? No; but he saw
+ him <i>yesterday</i>.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ REMARK.&mdash;To determine the emphatic words of a sentence,
+ as well as the <i>degree</i> and <i>kind</i> of emphasis to
+ be employed, the reader must be governed wholly by the
+ <i>sentiment</i> to be expressed. The idea is sometimes
+ entertained that emphasis consists merely in <i>loudness</i>
+ of tone. But it should be borne in mind that the most
+ <i>intense</i> emphasis may often be effectively expressed,
+ even by a whisper.
+ </p><a name="sect3"><!-- Marker --></a>
+ <h3>
+ SECTION III.<br>
+ INFLECTIONS.
+ </h3>
+ <p>
+ INFLECTIONS are turns or slides of the voice, made in reading
+ or speaking; as; Will you go to New [Transcriber's Note: Two
+ missing lines in printing, page 25 in original.] or to
+ [Transcriber's Note: Remainder of paragraph is missing.]
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ All the various sounds of the human voice may be comprehended
+ under the general appellation of <i>tones</i>. The principal
+ modifications of these tones are the MONOTONE, the RISING
+ INFLECTION, the FALLING INFLECTION, and the CIRCUMFLEX.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+The Horizontal Line (&mdash;) denotes the Monotone.
+The Rising Slide (/) denotes the Rising Inflection.
+The Falling Slide (\) denotes the Falling Inflection.
+The Curve (\_/) denotes the Circumflex.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ The MONOTONE is that sameness of sound, which arises from
+ repeating the several words or syllables of a passage in one
+ and the same general tone.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ REMARK.&mdash;The Monotone is employed with admirable effect
+ in the delivery of a passage that is solemn or sublime.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLES.
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ 1. O thou that rollest above, round as the shield of my
+ fathers: whence are thy beams, O sun, thy everlasting light?
+ </p>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ OSSIAN.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ 'Tis midnight's holy hour, and silence now
+ Is brooding, like a gentle spirit, o'er
+ The still and pulseless world. Hark! on the winds
+ The bells' deep tones are swelling; 'tis the knell
+ Of the departed year.
+</pre>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ PRENTICE.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. God came from Teman, and the Holy One from Mount Paran.
+ Selah. His glory covered the heavens, and the earth was full
+ of His praise.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. Before Him went the pestilence, and burning coals went
+ forth at His feet. He stood and measured the earth: He
+ beheld, and drove asunder the nations; and the everlasting
+ mountains were scattered, the perpetual hills did bow: His
+ ways are everlasting.
+ </p>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ BIBLE.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. The heavens declare the glory of God, and the firmament
+ showeth His handy work. Day unto day uttereth speech, and
+ night unto night showeth knowledge. There is no speech nor
+ language, where their voice is not heard.
+ </p>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ ID.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ How brief is life! how passing brief!
+ How brief its joys and cares!
+ It seems to be in league with time,
+ And leaves us unawares.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ 7.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ The thunder rolls: be hushed the prostrate world,
+ While cloud to cloud returns the solemn hymn.
+</pre>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ THOMSON.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ REMARK.&mdash;The inappropriate use of the monotone,&mdash;a
+ fault into which young people naturally fall,&mdash;is a very
+ grave and obstinate error. It is always tedious, and often
+ even ridiculous. It should be studiously avoided.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The RISING INFLECTION is an upward turn, or slide of the
+ voice, used in reading or speaking; as,
+ </p>
+ <pre class="diagram">
+ s?
+ n/
+ o/
+ s/
+ s/
+ &eacute;/
+Are you prepared to recite your l/
+</pre><br>
+ <br>
+ <p>
+ The FALLING INFLECTION is a downward turn, or slide of the
+ voice, used in reading or speaking; as,
+ </p>
+ <pre class="diagram">
+ \d
+ \&ograve;
+ \i
+ \n
+What are you \g?
+</pre><br>
+ <br>
+ <p>
+ In the falling inflection, the voice should not sink below
+ the <i>general pitch</i>; but in the rising inflection, it is
+ raised above it.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The two inflections may be illustrated by the following
+ diagrams:
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1.
+ </p>
+ <pre class="diagram">
+ \&igrave;
+ \m
+ y, \p \p
+ l/ \r \r
+ t/ \u \&uacute;
+ n/ \d \d
+ e/ \e \e
+ d/ \n \n
+ &uacute;/ \t \t
+ r/ \l \l
+Did he act p/ or \y? He acted \y.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ 2.
+ </p>
+ <pre class="diagram">
+ \&ugrave;
+ \n
+ y, \w \w
+ l/ \i \i
+ g/ \l \l
+ n/ \l \l
+ i/ \i \&iacute;
+ l/ \n \n
+ l/ \g \g
+ &iacute;/ \l \l
+Did they go w/ or \y? They went \y.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ 3.
+ </p>
+ <pre class="diagram">
+ r,
+ e/
+ h/
+ g/
+ &iacute;/
+If the flight of Dryden is h/ Pope continues longer on the
+ r,
+ e/
+ t/
+ h/
+\w g/
+ \&igrave; &iacute;/
+ \n r/
+ \g. If the blaze of Dryden's fire is b/ the heat of Pope's is
+ \c
+ \&ograve;
+ \n
+ \s
+ \t
+ \a
+ \n
+more regular and \t.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ 4.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ Is honor's lofty soul forever fled&prime;?
+ Is virtue lost&prime;? Is martial ardor dead&prime;?
+ Is there no heart where worth and valor dwell&prime;?
+ No patriot WALLACE&prime;? No undaunted TELL&prime;?
+ Yes`, Freedom, yes`! thy sons, a noble band,
+ Around thy banner, firm, exulting stand`.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ REMARK.&mdash;The same <i>degree</i> of inflection is not, at
+ all times, used, or indicated by the notation. The due degree
+ to be employed, depends on the <i>nature</i> of what is to be
+ expressed. For example; if a person, under great excitement,
+ asks another:
+ </p>
+ <pre class="diagram">
+ t?
+ s
+ e
+ n
+ r
+ a
+Are you in e the degree of inflection would be much greater,
+ t?
+ s
+ e
+ n
+ r
+ a
+than if he playfully asks: Are you in e The former
+inflection may be called <i>intensive</i>, the latter, <i>common</i>.
+</pre>
+ <h4>
+ RULES FOR THE USE OF INFLECTIONS.
+ </h4>
+ <span class="center">
+ RULE I.
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ Direct questions, or those which may be answered by
+ <i>yes</i> or <i>no</i>, usually take the rising inflection;
+ but their answers, generally, the falling.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLES.
+ </span>
+ <ol>
+ <li>
+ Will you meet me at the depot&prime;? Yes`; or, I will`.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Did you intend to visit Boston&prime;? No`; or, I did not`.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Can you explain this difficult sentence&prime;? Yes`; I
+ can.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Are they willing to remain at home&prime;? They are`.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Is this a time for imbecility and inaction&prime;? By no
+ means`.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ King Agrippa, believest thou the prophets&prime;? I know
+ that thou believest`.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Were the tribes of this country, when first discovered,
+ making any progress in arts and civilization&prime;? By no
+ means`.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ To purchase heaven has gold the power&prime;?<br>
+ Can gold remove the mortal hour&prime;?<br>
+ In life, can love be bought with gold&prime;?<br>
+ Are friendship's pleasures to be sold&prime;?<br>
+ No`; all that's worth a wish, a thought,<br>
+ Fair virtue gives unbribed, unbought.<br>
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ What would content you`? Talents&prime;? No`.
+ Enterprise&prime;? No`. Courage&prime;? No`. Reputation'?
+ No`. Virtue&prime;? No`. The man whom you would select,
+ should possess not one, but all of these`.
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ <p>
+ NOTE I.&mdash;When the direct question becomes an appeal, and
+ the reply to it is anticipated, it takes the intense
+ <i>falling</i> inflection.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLES.
+ </span>
+ <ol>
+ <li>
+ <i>Is</i>` he not a bold and eloquent speaker`?
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <i>Can</i>` such inconsistent measures be adopted`?
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <i>Did</i>` you ever hear of such cruel barbarities`?
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <i>Is</i> this reason`? <i>Is</i>` it law`? <i>Is</i> it
+ humanity`?
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <i>Was</i>` not the gentleman's argument conclusive`?
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ <span class="center">
+ RULE II.
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ Indirect questions, or those which can not be answered by
+ <i>yes</i> or <i>no</i>, usually take the <i>falling</i>
+ inflection, and their answers the same.
+ </p>
+ <ol>
+ <li>
+ How far did you travel yesterday`? Forty miles`.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Which of you brought this beautiful bouquet`? Julia`.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Where do you intend to spend the summer`? At Saratoga`.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ When will Charles graduate at college`? Next year`.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ What is one of the most delightful emotions of the heart`?
+ Gratitude`.
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ <p>
+ NOTE I.&mdash;When the indirect question is one asking a
+ repetition of what was not, at first, understood, it takes
+ the <i>rising</i> inflection.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLES.
+ </span>
+ <ol>
+ <li>
+ When do you expect to return? Next week.<br>
+ <i>When</i> did you say&prime;? Next week.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ <i>Where</i> did you say William had gone&prime;? To New
+ York.
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ <p>
+ NOTE II.&mdash;Answers to questions, whether direct or
+ indirect, when expressive of indifference, take the
+ <i>rising</i> inflection, or the circumflex.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLES.
+ </span>
+ <ol>
+ <li>
+ Did you admire his discourse? Not much&prime;.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Which way shall we walk? I am not particular&prime;.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Can Henry go with us? If he chooses&prime;.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ What color do you prefer? I have no particular
+ choice&prime;.
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ <p>
+ NOTE III.&mdash;In some instances, direct questions become
+ indirect by a change of the inflection from the rising to the
+ falling.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLES.
+ </span>
+ <ol>
+ <li>
+ Will you come to-morrow&prime; or next day&prime;? Yes.
+ </li>
+ <li>
+ Will you come to-morrow,&prime; or next day`? I will come
+ to-morrow.
+ </li>
+ </ol>
+ <p>
+ REMARK.&mdash;The first question asks if the person addressed
+ will <i>come</i> within the two days, and may be answered by
+ <i>yes</i> or <i>no</i>; but the second asks on <i>which</i>
+ of the two days he will come, and it can not be thus
+ answered.
+ </p>
+ <h4>
+ RULE III.
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ When questions are connected by the conjunction <i>or</i>,
+ the first requires the <i>rising</i>, and the second, the
+ <i>falling</i> inflection.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLES.
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ 1. Does he study for amusement&prime;, or improvement`?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. Was he esteemed for his wealth&prime;, or for his wisdom`?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. Sink&prime; or swim`, live&prime; or die`, survive&prime;
+ or perish`, I give my hand and heart to this vote.
+ </p>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ WEBSTER.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. Is it lawful to do good on the Sabbath-days&prime;, or to
+ do evil`? to save life&prime;, or to kill`?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. Was it an act of moral courage&prime;, or cowardice`, for
+ Cato to fall on his sword`?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ RULE IV. Antithetic terms or clauses usually take opposite
+ inflections; generally, the former has the <i>rising</i>, and
+ the latter the <i>falling</i> inflection.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLES.
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ 1. If you seek to make one rich, study not to increase his
+ stores&prime; but to diminish his desires`.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2.<br>
+ They have mouths&prime;,&mdash;but they speak not`:<br>
+ Eyes have they&prime;,&mdash;but they see not`:<br>
+ They have ears&prime;,&mdash;but they hear not`:<br>
+ Noses have they&prime;,&mdash;but they smell not`:<br>
+ They have hands&prime;,&mdash;but they handle not`:<br>
+ Feet have they&prime;,&mdash;but they walk not`.
+ </p>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ BIBLE.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ NOTE I.&mdash;When one of the antithetic clauses is a
+ <i>negative</i>, and the other an <i>affirmative</i>,
+ generally the negative has the <i>rising</i>, and the
+ affirmative the <i>falling</i> inflection.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLES.
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ 1. I said an elder soldier` not a better&prime;.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. His acts deserve punishment` rather than
+ commiseration&prime;.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. This is no time for a tribunal of justice&prime;, but for
+ showing mercy`; not for accusation&prime;, but for
+ philanthropy`; not for trial&prime;, but for pardon`; not for
+ sentence and execution&prime;, but for compassion and
+ kindness`.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ RULE V. The Pause of Suspension, denoting that the sense is
+ incomplete, usually has the <i>rising</i> inflection.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLES.
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ 1. Although the fig tree shall not blossom&prime;, neither
+ shall fruit be in the vine&prime;; the labor of the olive
+ shall fail&prime;, and the fields shall yield no meat&prime;;
+ the flocks shall be cut off from the fold&prime;, and there
+ shall be no herd in the stalls&prime;; yet will I rejoice in
+ the Lord`, I will joy in the God of my salvation`.
+ </p>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ BIBLE.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ NOTE I.&mdash;The ordinary direct address, not accompanied
+ with strong emphasis, takes the <i>rising</i> inflection, on
+ the principle of the pause of suspension.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLES.
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ 1. Men&prime;, brethren&prime;, and fathers&prime;, hear ye
+ my defense which I make now unto you.
+ </p>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ BIBLE.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2.<br>
+ Ye living flowers&prime;, that skirt the eternal
+ frost&prime;!<br>
+ Ye wild goats&prime;, sporting round the eagle's
+ nest&prime;!<br>
+ Ye eagles&prime;, playmates of the mountain
+ storm&prime;!<br>
+ Ye lightnings&prime;, the dread arrows of the
+ clouds&prime;!<br>
+ Ye signs&prime; and wonders&prime; of the
+ elements&prime;!<br>
+ Utter forth GOD`, and fill the hills with praise`!
+ </p>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ COLERIDGE.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ NOTE II.&mdash;In some instances of a pause of suspension,
+ the sense requires an intense <i>falling</i> inflection.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLE.
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ 1. The prodigal, if he does not become a <i>pauper</i>`,
+ will, at least, have but little to bestow on others.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ REMARK.&mdash;If the <i>rising</i> inflection is given on
+ <i>pauper</i>, the sense would be perverted, and the passage
+ made to mean, that, in order to be able to bestow on others,
+ it is necessary that he should become a pauper.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ RULE VI. Expressions of tenderness, as of grief, or kindness,
+ commonly incline the voice to the <i>rising</i> inflection.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLES.
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ 1.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ Mother&prime;,&mdash;I leave thy dwelling&prime;;
+ Oh! shall it be forever&prime;?
+ With grief my heart is swelling&prime;,
+ From thee&prime;,&mdash;from thee&prime;,&mdash;to sever&prime;.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ 2. O my son Absalom&prime;! my son&prime;, my son Absalom'!
+ Would God I had died for thee&prime;, Absalom&prime;, my
+ son&prime;, my son&prime;!
+ </p>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ BIBLE.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ RULE VII. The Penultimate Pause, or the last but one, of a
+ passage, is usually preceded by the <i>rising</i> inflection.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLES.
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ 1. Diligence`, industry`, and proper improvement of
+ time&prime;, are material duties of the young`.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. These through faith subdued kingdoms`, wrought
+ righteous-ness`, obtained promises`, stopped the mouths of
+ lions`, quenched the violence of fire`, escaped the edge of
+ the sword`, out of weakness were made strong`, waxed valiant
+ in fight&prime;, turned to flight the armies of the aliens`.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ REMARK.&mdash;The rising inflection is employed at the
+ penultimate pause in order to promote variety, since the
+ voice generally falls at the end of a sentence.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ RULE VIII. Expressions of strong emotion, as of anger or
+ surprise, and also the language of authority and reproach,
+ are expressed with the <i>falling</i> inflection.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLES.
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ 1. On YOU`, and on your CHILDREN`, be the peril of the
+ innocent blood which shall be shed this day`.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. What a piece of workmanship is MAN`! How noble in REASON`!
+ How infinite in FACULTIES`!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. O FOOLS`! and <i>slow of heart</i> to believe all that the
+ prophets have written concerning me`!
+ </p>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ BIBLE.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. HENCE`, HOME`, <i>you idle creatures</i>`, GET YOU HOME`,
+ YOU BLOCKS`, YOU STONES`, YOU WORSE THAN USELESS THINGS`!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. Avaunt`! and quit my sight`! let the earth hide thee`! Thy
+ bones are marrowless`; thou hast no speculation in thine eyes
+ which thou dost glare` with.
+ </p>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ SHAKSPEARE.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ Slave, do thy office`! Strike`, as I struck the foe`!
+ Strike`, as I would have struck the tyrants`!
+ Strike deep as my curse`! Strike`, and but once`!
+</pre>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ ID.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ RULE IX. An emphatic succession of particulars, and emphatic
+ repetition, require the <i>falling</i> inflection.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLES.
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ 1.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ <i>Beware</i>` what earth calls happiness; BEWARE`
+ All joys but joys that never can expire`.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ 2. A great mind`, a great heart`, a great orator`, a great
+ career`, have been consigned to history`.
+ </p>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ BUTLER.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ REMARK.&mdash;The stress of voice on each successive
+ particular, or repetition, should gradually be increased as
+ the subject advances.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The CIRCUMFLEX is a union of the two inflections on the same
+ word, beginning either with the <i>falling</i> and ending
+ with the <i>rising</i>, or with the <i>rising</i> and ending
+ with the <i>falling</i>; as, If he goes to ____ I shall go to
+ ____.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The circumflex is mainly employed in the language of irony,
+ and in expressing ideas implying some condition, either
+ expressed or understood.
+ </p>
+ <!-- TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE: CIRCUMFLEX AS USED IN THE ORIGINAL TEXT
+ IS INVERTED AS COMPARED TO THE HTML ENTITIES USED FOR THIS
+ SECTION. IN THE ORIGINAL TEXT, THE CIRCUMFLEX ACCENT HAS THE
+ ENDS POINTING UPWARDS THUSLY, \_/. THE HTML ENTITIES HAVE THE
+ ENDS POINTING DOWNWARDS, AS /-\.
+ -->
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLES.
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ 1. Yo&ucirc;, a beardless yo&ucirc;th, pretend to teach a
+ British g&ecirc;neral.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. What! shear a w&ocirc;lf? a prowling w&ocirc;lf?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ My father's tr&acirc;de? ah, really, that's too bad!
+ My father's tr&acirc;de? Why, blockhead, are you m&acirc;d?
+ My father, sir, did never stoop so low,&mdash;
+ H&ecirc; was a gentleman, I'd have you know.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ 4. What! confer a cr&ocirc;wn on the author of the public
+ cal&acirc;mities?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. But yo&ucirc; are very wise men, and deeply learned in the
+ truth; w&ecirc; are w&ecirc;ak, cont&ecirc;mptible,
+ m&ecirc;an persons.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. They pretend they come to impr&ocirc;ve our st&acirc;te,
+ enl&acirc;rge our th&ocirc;ughts, and fre&ecirc; us from
+ &ecirc;rror.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. But yo&ucirc;th, it seems, is not my &ocirc;nly crime; I
+ have been accused of acting a theatrical part.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. And this man has become a g&ocirc;d and Cassius a
+ wr&ecirc;tched creature.
+ </p><a name="sect4"><!-- Marker --></a>
+ <h3>
+ SECTION IV.<br>
+ MODULATION.
+ </h3>
+ <p>
+ MODULATION implies those variations of the voice, heard in
+ reading or speaking, which are prompted by the feelings and
+ emotions that the subject inspires.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLES.
+ </span>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXPRESSIVE OF COURAGE AND CHIVALROUS EXCITEMENT.
+ </span>
+ <pre>
+ FULL .- Once more unto the breach, dear friends, <i>once more</i>,
+ TONE '- Or close the wall up with our English dead!
+ MIDDLE .- In peace, there's nothing so becomes a man,
+ TONE '- As modest stillness and humility;
+ .- But when the blast of war blows in our ears,
+ SHORT | Then imitate the action of the tiger;
+ AND + Stiffen the sinews, summon up the blood,
+ QUICK '- Disguise fair nature with hard-favored rage.
+ .- <i>On</i>, ON, you noblest English,
+ HIGH | Whose blood is fetched from fathers of war-proof!
+ AND + <i>Fathers</i>, that, like so many Alexanders,
+ LOUD | Have, in these parts, from morn till even fought,
+ '- And sheathed their swords for lack of argument.
+ QUICK .- I see you stand like greyhounds in the slips,
+ AND | Straining upon the start. The game's afoot;
+ VERY + Follow your spirits, and, upon this charge,
+ LOUD '- CRY&mdash;HEAVEN FOR HARRY! ENGLAND! AND ST. GEORGE!
+ SHAKSPEARE.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ REMARK.&mdash;To read the foregoing example in one dull,
+ monotonous tone of voice, without regard to the sentiment
+ expressed, would render the passage extremely insipid and
+ lifeless. But by a proper modulation of the voice, it infuses
+ into the mind of the reader or hearer the most animating and
+ exciting emotions.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The voice is modulated in <i>three</i> different ways.
+ <i>First</i>, it is varied in PITCH; that is, from
+ <i>high</i> to <i>low</i> tones, and the reverse.
+ <i>Secondly</i>, it is varied in QUANTITY, or in
+ <i>loudness</i> or <i>volume</i> of sound. <i>Thirdly</i>, it
+ is varied in QUALITY, or in the <i>kind</i> of sound
+ expressed.
+ </p>
+ <h4>
+ PITCH OF VOICE.
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ Pitch of voice has reference to its degree of elevation.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Every person, in reading or speaking, assumes a certain
+ pitch, which may be either <i>high</i> or <i>low</i>,
+ according to circumstances, and which has a governing
+ influence on the variations of the voice, above and below it.
+ This degree of elevation is usually called the KEY NOTE.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ As an exercise in varying the voice in pitch, the practice of
+ uttering a sentence on the several degrees of elevation, as
+ represented in the following scale, will be found beneficial.
+ First, utter the musical syllables, then the vowel sound, and
+ lastly, the proposed sentence,&mdash;ascending and
+ descending.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+---------8.--do--#--<i>e</i>-in-m<i>e</i>.---Virtue alone survives.----
+ 7. si # <i>i</i> in d<i>i</i>e. Virtue alone survives.
+-------6.--la--#--<i>o</i>-in-d<i>o</i>.---Virtue alone survives.------
+ 5. sol # <i>o</i> in n<i>o</i>. Virtue alone survives.
+-----4.--fa--#--<i>a</i>-in-<i>a</i>t.---Virtue alone survives.--------
+ 3. mi # <i>a</i>-in <i>a</i>te. Virtue alone survives.
+---2.--re--#--<i>a</i>-in-f<i>a</i>r.--Virtue alone survives.----------
+ 1. do # <i>a</i> in <i>a</i>ll. Virtue alone survives
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ Although the voice is capable of as many variations in
+ speaking, as are marked on the musical scale, yet for all the
+ purposes of ordinary elocution, it will be sufficiently exact
+ if we make but <i>three</i> degrees of variation, viz., the
+ <i>Low</i>, the <i>Middle</i>, and the <i>High</i>.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. THE LOW PITCH is that which falls below the usual speaking
+ key, and is employed in expressing emotions of
+ <i>sublimity</i>, <i>awe</i>, and <i>reverence</i>.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLE.
+ </span>
+ <pre>
+ Silence, how dead! darkness, how profound!
+ Nor eye, nor list'ning ear, an object finds;
+ Creation sleeps. 'Tis as the general pulse
+ Of life stood still, and Nature made a pause.&mdash;
+ An awful pause! prophetic of her end.
+</pre>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ YOUNG.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. THE MIDDLE PITCH is that usually employed in common
+ conversation, and in expressing <i>unimpassioned thought</i>
+ and <i>moderate emotion</i>.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLES.
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ 1. It was early in a summer morning, when the air was cool,
+ the earth moist, the whole face of the creation fresh and
+ gay, that I lately walked in a beautiful flower garden, and,
+ at once, regaled the senses and indulged the fancy.
+ </p>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ HERVEY.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ "<i>I love to live</i>," said a prattling boy,
+ As he gayly played with his new-bought toy,
+ And a merry laugh went echoing forth,
+ From a bosom filled with joyous mirth.
+</pre><br>
+ <br>
+ <p>
+ 3. THE HIGH PITCH is that which rises above the usual
+ speaking key, and is used in expressing <i>joyous</i> and
+ <i>elevated feelings</i>.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLE.
+ </span>
+ <pre>
+ Higher, <i>higher</i>, EVER HIGHER,&mdash;
+ Let the watchword be "ASPIRE!"
+ Noble Christian youth;
+ Whatsoe'er be God's behest,
+ Try to do that duty best,
+ In the strength of Truth.
+</pre>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ M.F. TUPPER.
+ </p>
+ <h4>
+ QUANTITY.
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ QUANTITY is two-fold;&mdash;consisting in FULLNESS or VOLUME
+ of sound, as <i>soft</i> or <i>loud</i>; and in TIME, as
+ <i>slow</i> or <i>quick</i>. The former has reference to
+ STRESS; the latter, to MOVEMENT.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The degrees of variation in quantity are numerous, varying
+ from a slight, soft whisper to a vehement shout. But for all
+ practical purposes, they may be considered as <i>three</i>,
+ the same as in pitch;&mdash;the <i>soft</i>, the
+ <i>middle</i>, and the <i>loud</i>.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ For exercise in quantity, let the pupil read any sentence,
+ as,
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ "Beauty is a fading flower,"
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ first in a slight, soft tone, and then repeat it, gradually
+ increasing in quantity to the full extent of the voice. Also,
+ let him read it first very slowly, and then repeat it,
+ gradually increasing the movement. In doing this, he should
+ be careful not to vary the pitch.
+ </p><br>
+
+ <p>
+ In like manner, let him repeat any vowel sound, or all of
+ them, and also inversely. Thus:
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ [Illustration]<br>
+ &nbsp;<br>
+ [Transcriber's Note: The illustration is a row of the letter
+ "O," increasing in size across the page, followed by a row of
+ the letter "O" decreasing in size. The presumed intent is to
+ convey loudness.]
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ REMARK.&mdash;Quantity is often mistaken for Pitch. But it
+ should be borne in mind that quantity has reference to
+ <i>loudness</i> or <i>volume</i> of sound, and pitch to the
+ <i>elevation</i> or <i>depression</i> of a tone. The
+ difference may be distinguished by the slight and heavy
+ strokes on a bell;&mdash;both of which produce sounds alike
+ in <i>pitch</i>; but they differ in <i>quantity</i> or
+ <i>loudness</i>, in proportion as the strokes are light or
+ heavy.
+ </p>
+ <h4>
+ RULES FOR QUANTITY.
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ 1. SOFT, OR SUBDUED TONES, are those which range from a
+ whisper to a complete vocality, and are used to express
+ <i>fear</i>, <i>caution</i>, <i>secrecy</i>,
+ <i>solemnity</i>, and all <i>tender emotions</i>.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLES.
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ 1.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+We watched her breathing through the night,
+ Her breathing soft and low,
+As in her breast the wave of life
+ Kept heaving to and fro.
+</pre>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ HOOD.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+Softly, peacefully,
+ Lay her to rest;
+Place the turf lightly,
+ On her young breast.
+</pre>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ D.E. GOODMAN.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+The loud wind dwindled to a whisper low,
+And sighed for pity as it answered,&mdash;"No."
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ 2. A MIDDLE TONE, or medium loudness of voice, is employed in
+ reading <i>narrative</i>, <i>descriptive</i>, or <i>didactic
+ sentences</i>.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLE.
+ </span>
+ <pre>
+ I love my country's pine-clad hills,
+ Her thousand bright and gushing rills,
+ Her sunshine and her storms;
+ Her rough and rugged rocks that rear
+ Their hoary heads high in the air,
+ In wild fantastic forms.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ 3. A LOUD TONE, or fullness and stress of voice, is used in
+ expressing <i>violent passions</i> and <i>vehement
+ emotions</i>.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLES.
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ 1.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+STAND! <i>the ground's your own</i>, my braves,&mdash;
+Will ye give it up to <i>slaves</i>?
+Will ye look for <i>greener graves</i>?
+ Hope ye mercy still?
+What's the mercy <i>despots</i> feel?
+Hear it in that <i>battle-peal</i>,&mdash;
+Read it on yon bristling steel,
+ Ask it&mdash;<i>ye who will!</i>
+</pre>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ PIERPONT.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ "HOLD!" Tyranny cries; but their resolute breath
+ Sends back the reply: "INDEPENDENCE or DEATH!"
+</pre><br>
+ <br>
+ <h4>
+ QUALITY.
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ QUALITY has reference to <i>the kind of sound</i> uttered.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Two sounds may be alike in quantity and pitch, yet differ in
+ quality. The sounds produced on the clarinet and flute may
+ agree in pitch and quantity, yet be unlike in quality. The
+ same is true in regard to the tones of the voice of two
+ individuals. This difference is occasioned mainly by the
+ different positions of the vocal organs.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The qualities of voice mostly used in reading or speaking,
+ and which should receive the highest degree of culture, are
+ the <i>Pure Tone</i>, the <i>Orotund</i>, the
+ <i>Aspirated</i>, and the <i>Guttural</i>.
+ </p>
+ <h4>
+ RULES FOR QUALITY.
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ 1. THE PURE TONE is a clear, smooth, sonorous flow of sound,
+ usually accompanied with the middle pitch of voice, and is
+ adapted to express emotions of <i>joy, cheerfulness,
+ love</i>, and <i>tranquillity</i>.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLE.
+ </span>
+ <pre>
+Hail! beauteous stranger of the wood,
+ Attendant on the spring,
+Now heaven repairs thy vernal seat,
+ And woods thy welcome sing.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ 2. THE OROTUND is a full, deep, round, and pure tone of
+ voice, peculiarly adapted in expressing <i>sublime</i> and
+ <i>pathetic emotions</i>.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLE.
+ </span>
+ <pre>
+ It thunders! Sons of dust, in reverence bow!
+ Ancient of Days! Thou speakest from above:
+ Almighty! trembling, like a timid child,
+ I hear thy awful voice. Alarmed&mdash;afraid&mdash;
+ I see the flashes of thy lightning wild,
+ And in the very grave would hide my head.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ 3. THE ASPIRATED TONE of voice is not a pure, vocal sound,
+ but rather a forcible breathing utterance, and is used to
+ express <i>amazement, fear, terror, anger, revenge,
+ remorse</i>, and <i>fervent emotions</i>.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLE.
+ </span>
+ <pre>
+ Oh, coward conscience, how dost thou affright me!
+ The lights burn blue. It is now dead midnight;
+ Cold, fearful drops stand on my trembling flesh.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ 4. THE GUTTURAL QUALITY is a deep, aspirated tone of voice,
+ used to express <i>aversion, hatred, loathing</i>, and
+ <i>contempt</i>.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLE.
+ </span>
+ <pre>
+Tell me I <i>hate</i> the bowl?
+ HATE is a feeble word:
+I <i>loathe</i>, ABHOR, my very soul
+ With strong disgust is stirred,
+Whene'er I see, or hear, or tell,
+ Of the dark beverage of hell.
+</pre><a name="modnote"><!-- Marker --></a>
+ <h4>
+ NOTATION IN MODULATION.
+ </h4>
+ <table>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<sup>o</sup>)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ high.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<sup>oo</sup>)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ high and loud.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<sub>o</sub>)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ low.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<sub>oo</sub>)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ low and loud.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (=)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ quick.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<i>''</i>)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ short and quick.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<i>sl</i>.)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ slow.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<i>p</i>.)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ soft.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<i>pp</i>.)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ very soft.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<i>f</i>.)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ loud.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<i>ff</i>.)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ very loud.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<i>pl</i>.)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ plaintive.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (&lt;)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ increase.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (&gt;)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ decrease.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLES FOR EXERCISE IN MODULATION.
+ </span>
+ <table>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ &nbsp;
+ </td>
+ <td></td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td class="w15">
+ (<i>p</i>.)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ Soft is the strain when zephyr gently blows,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ And the smooth stream in smoother numbers flows;
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<i>f</i>.)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ But when loud surges lash the sounding shore,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ The hoarse rough verse should like the torrent roar.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ &nbsp;
+ </td>
+ <td></td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<i>sl</i>.)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ When Ajax strives some rock's vast weight to throw,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ The line, too, labors, and the words move slow:
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (=)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ Not so, when swift Camilla scours the plain,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ Flies o'er the unbending corn, and skims along the main.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ POPE.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <table>
+ <tr>
+ <td class="w15">
+ (o=)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ Go ring the bells and fire the guns,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ And fling the starry banner out;
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<i>ff</i>.)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ Shout "FREEDOM" till your lisping ones
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ Give back the cradle shout.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ WHITTIER.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <table>
+ <tr>
+ <td class="w15">
+ (<i>pl</i>.)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;"And now, farewell! 'Tis hard to give thee
+ up,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;With death so like a gentle slumber on
+ thee!&mdash;
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ And thy dark sin!&mdash;oh! I could drink the cup
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;If from this woe its bitterness had won thee.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ May God have called thee, like a wanderer, home,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;My lost boy, Absalom!"
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ WILLIS.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <table>
+ <tr>
+ <td class="w15">
+ (<i>sl</i>.)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ The sun hath set in folded clouds,&mdash;
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;Its twilight rays are gone,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (o)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ And, gathered in the shades of night,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;The storm is rolling on.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<i>pl</i>.)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ Alas! how ill that bursting storm
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (&gt;)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;The fainting spirit braves,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<i>p</i>.)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ When they,&mdash;the lovely and the lost,&mdash;
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<i>pl</i>.)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;Are gone to early graves!
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <table>
+ <tr>
+ <td class="w15">
+ (<sup>o</sup>)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ On! onward still! o'er the land he sweeps,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (&gt;)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;With wreck, and ruin, and rush, and roar,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Nor stops
+ to look back
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;On his
+ dreary track
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<i>''</i>)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;But speeds to the spoils before.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ MISS J.H. LEWIS.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ From every battle-field of the revolution&mdash;from
+ Lexington and Bunker Hill&mdash;from Saratoga and
+ Yorktown&mdash;from the fields of Entaw&mdash;from the
+ cane-brakes that sheltered the men of Marion&mdash;the
+ repeated, long-prolonged echoes came up&mdash;(<i>f</i>.)
+ "THE UNION: IT MUST BE PRESERVED" (&lt;) From every valley in
+ our land&mdash;from every cabin on the pleasant mountain
+ sides&mdash;from the ships at our wharves&mdash;from the
+ tents of the hunter in our westernmost prairies&mdash;from
+ the living minds of the living millions of American
+ freemen&mdash;from the thickly coming glories of
+ futurity&mdash;the shout went up, like the sound of many
+ waters, (<i>ff.</i>) "THE UNION: IT MUST BE PRESERVED."
+ </p>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ BANCROFT.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <table>
+ <tr>
+ <td class="w15">
+ (<i>p</i>.)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Hark!
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<i>sl</i>.)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ Along the vales and mountains of the earth
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<sub>o</sub>)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ There is a deep, portentous murmuring,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (=)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ Like the swift rush of subterranean streams,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ Or like the mingled sounds of earth and air,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ When the fierce tempest, with sonorous wing,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ Heaves his deep folds upon the rushing winds,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (&lt;)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ And hurries onward, with his night of clouds,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ Against the eternal mountains. 'Tis the voice
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ Of infant FREEDOM,&mdash;and her stirring call
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ Is heard and answered in a thousand tones
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (&lt;)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ From every hill-top of her western home;
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ And lo! it breaks across old Ocean's flood,&mdash;
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<sup>oo</sup>)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ And "FREEDOM! FREEDOM!" is the answering shout
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ Of nations, starting from the spell of years.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ G.D. PRENTICE.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <table>
+ <tr>
+ <td class="w15">
+ (&lt;)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The
+ thunders hushed,&mdash;
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ The trembling lightning fled away in fear,&mdash;
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<i>p.</i>)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ The foam-capt surges sunk to quiet rest,&mdash;
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ The raging winds grew still,&mdash;
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<i>pp</i>.)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;There was
+ a calm.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<sup>o</sup>,<sup>o</sup>,)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "Quick! Man the boat!" (=) Away they spring
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;The stranger ship to aid,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<i>f</i>.)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ And loud their hailing voices ring,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;As rapid speed they made.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <table>
+ <tr>
+ <td class="w15">
+ (p)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ Hush! lightly tread! still tranquilly she sleeps;
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ I've watched, suspending e'en my breath, in fear
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ To break the heavenly spell. (<i>pp</i>.) Move silently.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Can it
+ be?
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ Matter immortal? and shall spirit die?
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ Above the nobler, shall less nobler rise?
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (&lt;)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ Shall man alone, for whom all else revives,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ No resurrection know? (<sup>o</sup>&lt;) Shall man alone,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ Imperial man! be sown in barren ground,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ Less privileged than grain, on which he feeds?
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ YOUNG.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <table>
+ <tr>
+ <td class="w15">
+ (=)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ Away! away to the mountain's brow,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;Where the trees are gently waving;
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<i>''</i>)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ Away! away to the vale below,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;Where the streams are gently laving.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <table>
+ <tr>
+ <td class="w15"></td>
+ <td>
+ An hour passed on;&mdash;the Turk awoke;&mdash;
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;That bright dream was his last;&mdash;
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ He woke&mdash;to hear his sentry's shriek,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<sup>oo</sup>)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "To ARMS! they come! (<i>ff</i>.) THE GREEK! THE GREEK!"
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<i>pl</i>.)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ He woke&nbsp;to die, midst flame and smoke,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ And shout, and groan, and sabre stroke,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;And death shots falling thick and fast
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ As lightnings from the mountain cloud;
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ And heard, with voice as trumpet loud,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;Bozzaris cheer his band;&mdash;
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<sup>oo</sup>)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "<i>Strike</i>&mdash;till the last armed foe expires!
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ <i>Strike</i>&mdash;for your altars and your fires!
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ <i>Strike</i>&mdash;for the green graves of your sires!
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;God, and your native land!"
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ HALLECK.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <table>
+ <tr>
+ <td class="w15"></td>
+ <td>
+ He said, and on the rampart hights arrayed
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ His trusty warriors, few, but undismayed;
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<i>sl</i>)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ Firm paced and slow, a horrid front they form,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<i>pp</i>)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ Still as the breeze, (<sub>oo</sub>) but dreadful as the
+ storm!
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<i>p</i>.)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ Low, murmuring sounds along their banners fly,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<i>ff</i>.)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ REVENGE, or DEATH!&mdash;the watchword and reply;
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<sup>oo</sup>)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ Then pealed the notes, omnipotent to charm,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<i>f</i>.)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ And the loud tocsin tolled their last alarm!
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ CAMPBELL.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ (<sub>o</sub>') His speech was at first low toned and slow.
+ Sometimes his voice would deepen, (<sub>oo</sub>) like the
+ sound of distant thunder; and anon, (<i>''</i>) his flashes
+ of wit and enthusiasm would light up the anxious faces of his
+ hearers, (&lt;) like the far-off lightning of a coming storm.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <table>
+ <tr>
+ <td class="w15">
+ (&gt;)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ Receding now, the dying numbers ring
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<i>p</i>.)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ Fainter and fainter, down the rugged dell:
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<i>pp</i>.)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ And now&nbsp;'tis silent all&mdash;enchantress, fare thee
+ well.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <table>
+ <tr>
+ <td class="w15">
+ (=)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ Oh, joy to the world! the hour is come,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;When the nations to freedom awake,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ When the royalists stand agape and dumb,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;And monarchs with terror shake!
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ Over the walls of majesty,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;"Upharsin" is writ in words of fire,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ And the eyes of the bondmen, wherever they be,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;Are lit with their wild desire.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (&lt;)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ Soon, soon shall the thrones that blot the world,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ Like the Orleans, into the dust be hurl'd,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ And the world roll on, like a hurricane's breath,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ Till the farthest nation hears what it saith.&mdash;
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<i>ff</i>.)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;"ARISE!
+ ARISE! BE FREE!"
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ T.B. READ.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <table>
+ <tr>
+ <td class="w15">
+ (<i>p</i>.<sub>o</sub>)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ Tread softly&mdash;bow the head,&mdash;
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;In reverent silence bow,&mdash;
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ No passing bell doth toll,&mdash;
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<i>pl</i>.)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ Yet an immortal soul
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;Is passing now.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ MRS. SOUTHEY.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ (<sup>o</sup><sub><i>f</i></sub>.) SPEAK OUT, my friends;
+ would you exchange it for the DEMON'S DRINK, (<i>ff</i>.)
+ ALCOHOL? A <i>shout</i>, like the <i>roar</i> of a tempest,
+ answered, (<sup>oo</sup>) NO!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <table>
+ <tr>
+ <td class="w15">
+ (<sup>oo</sup>)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ The combat deepens! (<i>ff</i>.) ON! YE BRAVE!
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (=)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ Who rush to GLORY, (<i>p</i>.) or the GRAVE!
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<i>ff</i>.)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ WAVE, <i>Munich</i>, all thy banners WAVE!
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;And
+ CHARGE with all thy CHIVALRY!
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<i>pl</i>.)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ Ah! few shall part where many meet!
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ The snow shall be their winding sheet,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ And every turf beneath their feet
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<sup><i>sl.</i></sup><sub>o</sub>)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Shall be
+ a soldier's sepulcher!
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ CAMPBELL.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <table>
+ <tr>
+ <td class="w15">
+ (<i>sl</i>.)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ At length, o'er Columbus slow consciousness breaks,
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<sup>oo</sup>)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ "LAND! LAND!" cry the sailors; (<i>ff</i>.) "LAND!
+ LAND!"&mdash;he awakes,&mdash;
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<i>''</i>)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ He runs,&mdash;yes! behold it! it blesseth his sight!
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ THE LAND! <i>O, dear spectacle! transport! delight!</i>
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ <h3>
+ SECTION V.
+ </h3>
+ <h4>
+ THE RHETORICAL PAUSE.
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ RHETORICAL PAUSES are those which are frequently required by
+ the voice in reading and speaking, although the construction
+ of the passage admits of no grammatical point.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ These pauses should be as manifest to the ear, as those which
+ are indicated by the comma, semicolon, or other grammatical
+ points, though not commonly denoted by any visible sign. In
+ the following examples they are denoted thus, (||).
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLES.
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ 1.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ In slumbers of midnight || the sailor-boy lay,
+ His hammock swung loose || at the sport of the wind;
+ But watch-worn and weary, || his cares flew away,
+ And visions of happiness || danced o'er his mind.
+</pre>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ DIMOND.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ There is a land, || of every land the pride,
+ Beloved of heaven || o'er all the world beside;
+ Where brighter suns || dispense serener light,
+ And milder moons || imparadise the night.
+ O, thou shalt find, || howe'er thy footsteps roam,
+ That land thy country, || and that spot thy home!
+</pre><br>
+ <br>
+ <p>
+ This pause is generally made before or after the utterance of
+ some important word or clause on which it is especially
+ desired to fix the attention. In such cases it is usually
+ denoted by the use of the dash (&mdash;).
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLES.
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ 1. God said&mdash;"<i>Let there be light!</i>"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ All dead and silent was the earth,
+ In deepest night it lay;
+ The Eternal spoke creation's word,
+ And called to being&mdash;Day!
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ No definite rule can be given with reference to the length of
+ the rhetorical, or grammatical pause. The correct taste of
+ the reader or speaker must determine it. For the voice should
+ sometimes be suspended much longer at the same pause in one
+ situation than in another; as in the two following
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ EXAMPLES.
+ </span>
+ <span class="center">
+ LONG PAUSE.
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ Pause a moment. I heard a footstep. Listen now. I heard it
+ again; but it is going from us. It sounds
+ fainter,&mdash;still fainter. It is gone.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ SHORT PAUSE.
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ John, be quick. Get some water. Throw the powder overboard.
+ "It can not be reached." Jump into the boat, then. Shove off.
+ There goes the powder. Thank Heaven. We are safe.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <span class="center">
+ REMARKS TO TEACHERS.
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ It is of the utmost importance, in order to secure an easy
+ and elegant style in reading, to refer the pupil often to the
+ more important principles involved in a just elocution. To
+ this end, it will be found very advantageous, occasionally to
+ review the rules and directions given in the preceding pages,
+ and thus early accustom him to apply them in the subsequent
+ reading lessons. For a wider range of examples and
+ illustrations, it is only necessary to refer to the numerous
+ and various exercises which form the body of this book. They
+ have been selected, in many cases, with a special view to
+ this object.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ &nbsp;
+ </p>
+ <h2>
+ PART SECOND.
+ </h2>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson1"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON I.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ HER' O ISM, bravery; courage.<br>
+ MA LI" CIOUS, ill disposed; resentful.<br>
+ AM BI" TION, eager desire.<br>
+ SAR CAS' TIC, severe; cutting.<br>
+ DE RIS' ION, ridicule.<br>
+ CON FER' RED, bestowed.<br>
+ RES' CU ED, saved; preserved.<br>
+ DIS AS' TER, calamity.<br>
+ IN CLIN' ED, disposed.<br>
+ SYM' PA THY, fellow-feeling.<br>
+ TEN' DER ED, offered.<br>
+ A POL' O GY, excuse.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ TRUE HEROISM.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ OSBORNE.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. I shall never forget a lesson which I received when quite
+ a young lad, while attending an Academy. Among my schoolmates
+ were Hartly and Vincent. They were both older than myself,
+ and Vincent was looked up to, as a sort of leader in matters
+ of opinion, and in directing our sports.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. He was not, at heart, a malicious boy; but he had a
+ foolish ambition of being thought witty and sarcastic; and he
+ made himself feared by a habit of turning things into
+ ridicule. He seemed to be constantly looking out for
+ something to occur, which he could turn into derision.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. Hartly was a new scholar, and little was known of him
+ among the boys. One morning as we were on our way to school,
+ he was seen driving a cow along the road toward the pasture.
+ A group of boys, among whom was Vincent, met him as he was
+ passing.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. "Now," said Vincent, "let us have a little sport with our
+ country rustic." So saying, he exclaimed: "Halloo, Jonathan!
+ [Footnote: A title frequently applied to the Yankees by the
+ English.] what is the price of milk? What do you feed her on?
+ What will you take for all the gold on her horns? Boys, if
+ you want to see the latest Paris style, look at those boots!"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. Hartly waved his hand at us with a pleasant smile, and,
+ driving the cow to the field, took down the bars of a
+ rail-fence, saw her safely in the pasture, and then, putting
+ up the bars, came and entered the school with the rest of us.
+ After school, in the afternoon, he let out the cow, and drove
+ her away, none of us knew where. Every day, for two or three
+ weeks, he went through the same task.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. The boys who attended the Academy, were nearly all the
+ sons of wealthy parents, and some of them were foolish enough
+ to look down, with a sort of disdain, upon a scholar who had
+ to drive a cow to pasture; and the sneers and jeers of
+ Vincent were often repeated.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. One day, he refused to sit next to Hartly in school, on a
+ pretense that he did not like the odor of the barn. Sometimes
+ he would inquire of Hartly after the cow's health,
+ pronouncing the word "ke-ow," after the manner of some
+ people.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. Hartly bore all these silly attempts to wound his feelings
+ and annoy him, with the utmost good nature. He never once
+ returned an angry look or word. One time, Vincent said:
+ "Hartly, I suppose your father intends to make a milkman of
+ you."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. "Why not?" said Hartly. "Oh, nothing," said Vincent; "only
+ do not leave much water in the cans after rinsing
+ them&mdash;that's all!" The boys laughed, and Hartly, not in
+ the least mortified, replied: "Never fear; if I ever rise to
+ be a milkman, I will give <i>good measure</i> and <i>good
+ milk</i> too."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. A few days after this conversation, there was a public
+ exhibition, at which a number of ladies and gentlemen from
+ the city, was present. Prizes were awarded by the Principal
+ of the Academy, and Hartly and Vincent each received one;
+ for, in respect to scholarship, they were about equal.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11. After the prizes were distributed, the Principal remarked
+ that there was <i>one prize</i>, consisting of a medal, which
+ was <i>rarely</i> awarded, not so much on account of its
+ great value, as because the instances are <i>rare</i> that
+ merit it. It is THE PRIZE FOR HEROISM. The last boy on whom
+ it was conferred, was Master Manners, who, three years ago,
+ rescued the blind girl from drowning.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 12. The Principal then said, "With the permission of the
+ company, I will relate a short story. Not long since, some
+ boys were flying a kite in the street, just as a poor boy on
+ horseback rode by, on his way to mill. The horse took fright,
+ and threw the boy, injuring him so badly that he was carried
+ home, and confined for some weeks to his bed.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 13. "None of the boys who had caused the disaster, followed
+ to learn the fate of the wounded boy. There was one, however,
+ who witnessed the accident from a distance, and went to
+ render what service he could. He soon learned that the
+ wounded boy was the grandson of a poor widow, whose only
+ support consisted in selling the milk of a fine cow, of which
+ she was the owner.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 14. "Alas! what could she now do? She was old and lame, and
+ her grandson, on whom she depended to drive the cow to
+ pasture, was now sick and helpless. 'Never mind, good woman,'
+ said the boy, 'I can drive your cow.' With thanks, the poor
+ widow accepted his offer.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 15. "But the boy's kindness did not stop here. Money was
+ wanted to purchase medicine. 'I have money that my mother
+ sent me to buy a pair of boots,' said the boy; 'but I can do
+ without them for the present.'
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 16. "'Oh, no!' said the old lady, 'I can not consent to that;
+ but here is a pair of cowhide boots that I bought for Henry,
+ who can not wear them. If you will buy them, giving me what
+ they cost, I can get along very well.' The boy bought the
+ boots, clumsy as they were, and has worn them up to this
+ time.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 17. "When the other boys of the Academy saw this scholar
+ driving a cow to the pasture, he was assailed with laughter
+ and ridicule. His thick cowhide boots, in particular, were
+ made matters of mirth. But he kept on cheerfully and bravely,
+ day after day, driving the widow's cow to the pasture, and
+ wearing his thick boots, contented in the thought that he was
+ <i>doing right</i>, not caring for all the jeers and sneers
+ that could be uttered.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 18. "He never undertook to explain why he drove the cow; for
+ he was not inclined to display his charitable motives, and
+ besides, in heart, he had no sympathy with the false pride
+ that looks with ridicule on any useful employment. It was by
+ <i>mere accident</i> that his course of conduct and
+ self-denial, was yesterday discovered by his teacher.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 19. "And now, ladies and gentlemen, I appeal to you. Was
+ there not <i>true heroism</i> in this boy's conduct? Nay,
+ Master Hartly, do not steal out of sight behind the
+ blackboard! You were not ashamed of <i>ridicule</i>&mdash;you
+ must not shun <i>praise. Come forth, come forth, Master
+ Edward James Hartly, and let us see your honest face!</i>"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 20. As Hartly, with blushing cheeks, made his appearance, the
+ whole company greeted him with a round of applause for his
+ <i>heroic conduct</i>. The ladies stood upon benches, and
+ waved their handkerchiefs. The old men clapped their hands,
+ and wiped the moisture from the corners of their eyes. Those
+ clumsy boots on Hartly's feet seemed prouder ornaments, than
+ a crown would have been on his head. The medal was bestowed
+ on him, amid the applause of the whole company.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 21. Vincent was heartily ashamed of his ill-natured sneers,
+ and, after the school was dismissed, he went, with tears in
+ his eyes, and tendered his hand to Hartly, making a handsome
+ apology for his past ill manners. "Think no more about it,"
+ said Hartly; "let us all go and have a ramble in the woods,
+ before we break up for vacation." The boys, one and all,
+ followed Vincent's example, and then, with shouts and huzzas,
+ they all set forth into the woods&mdash;a happy, cheerful
+ group.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. In what way did Vincent try to make
+ derision of Hartly? 2. How did Hartly receive it? 3. For what
+ did Hartly receive a prize from his teacher? 4. How did the
+ spectators manifest their approbation of Hartly's conduct?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson2"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON II.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ A VERT' ED, turned aside.<br>
+ RE PENT' ANT, contrite; sorrowful.<br>
+ SIN CERE', honest; true-hearted.<br>
+ SE VERE', harsh; rigid<br>
+ TAUNTS, scoffs; insults.<br>
+ PLATE, dishes of gold or silverware.<br>
+ DE SERT', forsake; abandon.<br>
+ FAIL' URE, want of success.<br>
+ SID' ING, taking part.<br>
+ TYR' AN NY, oppression; cruelty.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ YOU AND I.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ CHARLES MACKAY.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+1. Who would scorn his humble fellow
+ For the coat he wears?
+ For the poverty he suffers?
+ For his daily cares?
+ Who would pass him in the foot-way
+ With averted eye?
+ Would you, brother'? No`,&mdash;you <i>would</i> not.
+ If <i>you</i> would,&mdash;not <i>I</i>.
+2. Who, when vice or crime repentant,
+ With a grief sincere,
+ Asked for pardon, would refuse it,
+ More than heaven severe?
+ Who, to erring woman's sorrow,
+ Would with taunts reply?
+ Would <i>you</i>, brother'! No`,&mdash;you <i>would</i> not.
+ If <i>you</i> would,&mdash;not <i>I</i>.
+3. Would you say that Vice is Virtue
+ In a hall of state'?
+ Or, that rogues are not dishonest
+ If they dine off plate'?
+ Who would say Success and Merit
+ Ne'er part company?
+ Would <i>you</i>, brother'? No`,&mdash;you <i>would</i> not.
+ If <i>you</i> would,&mdash;not <i>I</i>.
+4. Who would give a cause his efforts
+ When the cause is strong;
+ But desert it on its failure,
+ Whether right or wrong`?
+ Ever siding with the upmost,
+ Letting downmost lie?
+ Would <i>you</i>, brother'? No`,&mdash;you <i>would</i> not.
+ If <i>you</i> would,&mdash;not <i>I</i>.
+5. Who would lend his arm to strengthen
+ Warfare with the right`?
+ Who would give his pen to blacken
+ Freedom's page of light`?
+ Who would lend his tongue to utter
+ Praise of tyranny?
+ Would <i>you</i>, brother'? No`,&mdash;you <i>would</i> not.
+ If <i>you</i> would,&mdash;not <i>I</i>.
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What rule for the rising and falling
+ inflections, first verse? See page 28. 2. Repeat the rule. 3.
+ What rule for the falling inflections, fifth verse? See page
+ 29. 4. Repeat the rule. What is the meaning of the suffix
+ <i>en</i>, in the words <i>strengthen</i>, <i>blacken?</i>
+ See SANDERS and McELLIGOTT'S ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH WORDS, p.
+ 132, Ex. 174.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson3"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON III.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ WAR' FARE, conflict; struggle.<br>
+ CLUTCH ES, paws; firm grasp.<br>
+ DO MIN' ION, rule; sway.<br>
+ PIN' ION, wing; as of a bird.<br>
+ PRE' CIOUS, costly; valuable.<br>
+ SCOFF' ER, scorner.<br>
+ VA' RI ED, changing; different.<br>
+ WAVES, moves to and fro.<br>
+ PRO PHET' IC, (<i>ph</i> like <i>f</i>.) foretelling.<br>
+ DE SPISE', scorn; disdain.<br>
+ GOAL, the mark that bounds a race.<br>
+ BECK' ON, motion; invite with the hand.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ LIFE'S WORK.
+ </h4>
+ <pre>
+1. <i>Life is onward:</i> use it
+ With a forward aim;
+ Toil is heavenly: choose it,
+ And its warfare claim.
+ Look not to another
+ To perform your will;
+ Let not your own brother
+ Keep your warm hand still.
+2. <i>Life is onward:</i> never
+ Look upon the past;
+ It would hold you ever
+ In its clutches fast.
+<i>Now</i> is your dominion;
+ Weave it as you please;
+ Bid not the soul's pinion
+ To a bed of ease.
+3. <i>Life is onward:</i> try it,
+ Ere the day is lost;
+ It hath virtue: buy it,
+ At whatever cost.
+ If the World should offer
+ Every precious gem,
+ Look not at the scoffer,
+ Change it not for them.
+4. <i>Life is onward:</i> heed it,
+ In each varied dress;
+ Your own <i>act</i> can speed it
+ On to happiness.
+ His bright pinion o'er you
+ Time waves not in vain,
+ If Hope chant before you
+ Her prophetic strain.
+5. <i>Life is onward:</i> prize it,
+ In sunshine and in storm;
+ Oh! do not despise it
+ In its humblest form.
+ Hope and Joy together,
+ Standing at the goal,
+ Through life's darkest weather
+ Beckon on the soul.
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What do <i>it</i> and <i>them</i> refer
+ to, third verse, last line? 2. Repeat the word
+ <i>sunshine</i> several times in quick succession.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson4"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON IV.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ AC CUS' TOM ED, used; habituated.<br>
+ PLAN TA' TIONS, settlements.<br>
+ PRO TEC' TION, safety; defense.<br>
+ RE PROACH' FUL, reproving.<br>
+ CAP' TUR ED, taken prisoners.<br>
+ DE CID' ED, concluded.<br>
+ COR O NET, little crown.<br>
+ SA LUT' ED, greeted.<br>
+ MON' ARCH, sovereign; ruler.<br>
+ CON CEAL' ED, hid; secreted.<br>
+ RE STOR' ED, brought back.<br>
+ VI' O LENCE, outrage; wrong.<br>
+ RE BUK' ED, reproved.<br>
+ LEAGUE, compact; alliance.<br>
+ TER' RI BLE, fearful; dreadful.<br>
+ AT TEND' ANT, waiter; servant.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ THE YOUNG CAPTIVES.
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ 1. Many years ago, dining the early settlements in New
+ England, the children were accustomed to gather large
+ quantities of nuts, which grew in great abundance in the
+ forests that surrounded their little plantations.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. In one of these nut-gatherings, a little boy and girl, the
+ one eight and the other four years of age, whose mother was
+ dead, became separated from their companions. On their way
+ home, they came across some wild grapes, and were busily
+ engaged in gathering them, till the last rays of the setting
+ sun were fading away.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. Suddenly they were seized by two Indians. The boy
+ struggled violently, and his little sister cried to him for
+ protection; but in vain. The Indians soon bore them far
+ beyond the bounds of the settlement. Night was far advanced
+ before they halted. Then they kindled a fire, and offered the
+ children some food.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. The heart of the boy swelled high with grief and anger,
+ and he refused to eat. But the poor little girl took some
+ parched corn from the hand of the Indian who held her on his
+ knee. He smiled as he saw her eat the kernels, and look up in
+ his face with a wondering, yet reproachful eye. Then they lay
+ down to sleep in the dark forest, each with an arm over his
+ little captive.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. Great was the alarm in the colony when these children did
+ not return. Every spot was searched, where it was thought
+ possible they might have lost their way. But when, at length,
+ their little basket was found, overturned in a tangled
+ thicket, they came to the conclusion that they must have been
+ captured by the Indians.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. It was decided that before any warlike measures were
+ adopted, the father should go peacefully to the Indian king,
+ and demand his children. At the earliest dawn of morning he
+ departed with his companions. They met a friendly Indian
+ pursuing the chase, who consented to be their guide.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. They traveled through rude paths, until the day drew near
+ a close. Then, approaching a circle of native dwellings, in
+ the midst of which was a tent, they saw a man of lofty form,
+ with a coronet of feathers upon his brow, and surrounded by
+ warriors. The guide saluted him as his monarch, and the
+ bereaved father, bowing down, thus addressed him:
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. "King of the red men, thou seest a father in pursuit of
+ his lost children. He has heard that your people will not
+ harm the stranger in distress. So he trusts himself
+ fearlessly among you. The king of our own native land, who
+ should have protected us, became our foe. We fled from our
+ dear homes&mdash;from the graves of our fathers.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. "The ocean wave brought us to this New World. We are a
+ peaceful race, pure from the blood of all men. We seek to
+ take the hand of our red brethren. Of my own kindred, none
+ inhabit this wilderness, save two little buds, from a broken,
+ buried stem.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. "Last night, sorrow entered into my soul, because I found
+ them not. Knowest thou, O king, if thy people have taken my
+ children'? Knowest thou where they have concealed them'?
+ Cause them, I pray thee, to be restored to my arms. So shall
+ the Great Spirit bless thy own tender plants, and lift up thy
+ heart when it weigheth heavily on they bosom."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11. The Indian monarch, fixing on him a piercing glance,
+ said: "Knowest thou me'? Look in my eyes`! Look`! Answer me`!
+ Are they the eyes of a stranger`!" The bereaved father
+ replied that he had no recollection of having ever before
+ seen his countenance.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 12. "Thus it is with the white man. He is dim-eyed. He
+ looketh on the <i>garments</i> more than on the <i>soul</i>.
+ Where your plows turn up the earth, oft have I stood watching
+ your toil. There was no coronet on my brow. But I was king.
+ And you knew it not.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 13. "I looked upon your people. I saw neither pride nor
+ violence. I went an <i>enemy</i>, but returned a
+ <i>friend</i>. I said to my warriors, 'Do these men no harm.
+ They do not hate Indians.' Then our white-haired prophet of
+ the Great Spirit rebuked me. He bade me make no league with
+ the pale faces, lest angry words should be spoken of me,
+ among the shades of our buried kings.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 14. "Yet, again, I went where thy brethren have reared their
+ dwellings. Yes; I entered thy house. <i>And thou knowest not
+ this brow'?</i> I could tell <i>thine</i> at midnight, if but
+ a single star trembled through the clouds. My ear would know
+ <i>thy</i> voice, though the storm was abroad with all its
+ thunders.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 15. "I have said that I was king. Yet I came to thee hungry,
+ and thou gavest me bread. My head was wet with the tempest.
+ Thou badest me lie down on thy couch, and thy son, for whom
+ thou mournest, covered me.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 16. "I was sad in spirit, and thy little daughter, whom thou
+ seekest with tears, sat on my knee. She smiled when I told
+ her how the beaver buildeth his house in the forest. My heart
+ was comforted, for I saw that she did not hate Indians.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 17. "Turn not on me such a terrible eye. I am no stealer of
+ babes. I have reproved the people who took thy children. I
+ have sheltered them for thee. Not a hair of their head is
+ hurt. Thinkest thou that the red man can forget kindness'?
+ They are sleeping in my tent. Had I but a single blanket, it
+ should have been their bed. Take them, and return unto thy
+ people."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 18. He waved his hand to an attendant, and, in a moment, the
+ two children were in the arms of their father. The white men
+ were kindly sheltered for that night, and, the next day, they
+ bore the children to their home, and the people rejoiced at
+ their safe return.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. By whom wore those children taken
+ captive? 2. Who went in search of them? 3. What did he say to
+ the king of the tribe? 4. What reply did the Indian monarch
+ make? 5. Were the children restored to their father? 6. What
+ is meant by the <i>New World</i>, 9th paragraph? 7. What by
+ <i>two little buds, from a broken, buried stem</i>, same
+ paragraph?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson5"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON V.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ IM' AGE. form; likeness.<br>
+ ELAPS' ED, glided away.<br>
+ WAY' WARD NESS, perverseness.<br>
+ SHUD' DER ING, chilling tremor.<br>
+ PAS' SION ATE, easily excited to anger.<br>
+ MAS' TER Y, rule; sway.<br>
+ HEAD' STRONG, stubborn; obstinate.<br>
+ UN DER WENT', experienced.<br>
+ AF FEC' TION, love; attachment.<br>
+ THRESH' OLD, entrance.<br>
+ ANX I' E TY, care; solicitude.<br>
+ PER PET' U AL, continual.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ MY MOTHER'S LAST KISS.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ MRS. E. OAKES SMITH.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. I was but five years old when my mother died; but her
+ image is as fresh in my mind, now that twenty years have
+ elapsed, as it was at the time of her death. I remember her,
+ as a pale, gentle being, with a sweet smile, and a voice soft
+ and cheerful when she praised me; and when I had erred, (for
+ I was a wild, thoughtless child,) there was a mild and tender
+ earnestness in her reproofs, that always went to my little
+ heart.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. Methinks I can now see her large, blue eyes moist with
+ sorrow, because of my childish waywardness, and hear her
+ repeat: "My child, how can you grieve me so?" She had, for a
+ long time, been pale and feeble, and sometimes there would
+ come a bright spot on her cheek, which made her look so
+ lovely, I thought she must be well. But then she spoke of
+ dying, and pressed me to her bosom, and told me to be good
+ when she was gone, and to love my father, and be kind to him;
+ for he would have no one else to love.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. I recollect she was ill all day, and my little hobbyhorse
+ and whip were laid aside, and I tried to be very quiet. I did
+ not see her for the whole day, and it seemed very long. At
+ night, they told me my mother was too sick to kiss me, as she
+ always had done before I went to bed, and I must go without
+ it. But I could not. I stole into the room, and placing my
+ lips close to hers, whispered: "Mother, dear mother, won't
+ you kiss me?"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. Her lips were very cold, and when she put her hand upon my
+ cheek, and laid my head on her bosom, I felt a cold
+ shuddering pass all through me. My father carried me from the
+ room; but he could not speak. After they put me in bed, I lay
+ a long while thinking; I feared my mother would, indeed, die;
+ for her cheek felt cold, as my little sister's did when she
+ died, and they carried her little body away where I never saw
+ it again. But I soon fell asleep.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. In the morning I rushed to my mother's room, with a
+ strange dread of evil to come upon me. It was just as I
+ feared. A white linen covered her straight, cold form. I
+ removed it from her face: her eyes were closed, and her
+ cheeks were hard and cold. But my mother's dear, dear smile
+ was there, or my heart would have broken.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. In an instant, all the little faults, for which she had so
+ often reproved me, rushed upon my mind. I longed to tell her
+ how good I would always be, if she would but stay with me. I
+ longed to tell her how, in all time to come, her words would
+ be a law to me. I would be all that she had wished me to be.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. I was a passionate, headstrong boy; and never did this
+ frame of temper come upon me, but I seemed to see her mild,
+ tearful eyes full upon me, just as she used to look in life;
+ and when I strove for the mastery over my passions, her smile
+ seemed to cheer my heart, and I was happy.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. My whole character underwent a change, even from the
+ moment of her death. Her spirit seemed to be always with me,
+ <i>to aid the good</i> and <i>root out the evil</i> that was
+ in me. I felt it would grieve her gentle spirit to see me
+ err, and I <i>could not</i>, <i>would not</i>, do so.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. I was the child of her affection. I knew she had prayed
+ and wept over me; and that even on the threshold of the
+ grave, her anxiety for my welfare had caused her spirit to
+ linger, that she might pray once more for me. I never forgot
+ my mother's last kiss. It was with me in sorrow; it was with
+ me in joy; it was with me in moments of evil, like a
+ perpetual good.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What was the age of the person
+ represented in this piece? 2. What, when his mother died? 3.
+ What did he say of himself when a child? 4. Had he ever
+ grieved his mother? 5. What did he say of his <i>faults</i>,
+ after his mother's death? 6. What did he desire to tell her?
+ 7. How ought you to treat your mother, in order to avoid the
+ reproaches of your own conscience?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson6"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON VI.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ SUR PRISE', amazement.<br>
+ PER' ISH ED, died.<br>
+ STINT' ED, small of size.<br>
+ STERN, severe; harsh; rigid.<br>
+ LOI' TER, linger; tarry.<br>
+ STAG' GER ED, reeled to and fro.<br>
+ FORD' ED, waded.<br>
+ ES CAP ED, fled from.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ THE DEAD CHILD'S FORD.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ MRS. E. OAKES SMITH.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+1. "Dear mother, here's the <i>very</i> place
+ Where little John was found,
+ The water covering up his face,
+ His feet upon the ground.
+ Now won't you tell me <i>all about</i>
+ The death of little John'?
+ And how the woman sent him out
+ Long after sun was down'?
+ And tell me <i>all about the wrong</i>,
+ And <i>that</i> will make the story long."
+2. I took the child upon my knee
+ Beside the lake so clear;
+ For <i>there</i> the tale of misery
+ Young Edward begged to hear
+ He looked into my <i>very</i> eyes,
+ With sad and earnest face,
+ And caught his breath with wild surprise,
+ And turned to mark the place
+ Where <i>perished</i>, years agone, the child
+ Alone, beneath the waters wild.
+3. "A weakly orphan boy was John,
+ A barefoot, stinted child,
+ Whose work-day task was never done,
+ Who wept when others smiled.
+ Around his home the trees were high,
+ Down to the water's brink,
+ And almost hid the pleasant sky,
+ Where wild deer came to drink."
+(")"And did they come, the pretty deer'?
+ And did they drink the water here'?"
+4. Cried Edward, with a wondering eye:
+ "Now, mother, tell to me,
+ Was John about as <i>large</i> as I'?
+ Pray tell, how <i>big</i> was he'?"
+ "He was an <i>older</i> boy than <i>you</i>,
+ And <i>stouter</i> every way;
+ For, water from the well he drew,
+ And hard he worked all day.
+ But then poor John was sharp and thin,
+ With sun-burnt hair and sun-burnt skin.
+5. "His mother used to spin and weave;
+ From farm to farm she went;
+ And, though it made her much to grieve,
+ She John to service sent.
+ He lived with one, a woman stern,
+ Of hard and cruel ways;
+ And he must bring her wood to burn,
+ From forest and highways;
+ And then, at night, on cold, hard bed,
+ He laid his little, aching head.
+6. "The weary boy had toiled all day
+ With heavy spade and hoe;
+ His mistress met him on the way,
+ And bade him quickly go
+ And bring her home some sticks of wood,
+ For she would bake and brew;
+ When he returned, she'd give him food;
+ For she had much to do.
+ And then she charged him not to stay,
+ Nor loiter long upon the way.
+7. "He went; but scarce his toil-worn feet
+ Could crawl along the wood,
+ He was so spent with work and heat,
+ And faint for lack of food.
+ He bent his aching, little back
+ To bear the weight along,
+ And staggered then upon the track;
+ For John was <i>never</i> strong;
+ His eyesight, too, began to fail,
+ And he grew giddy, faint, and pale.
+8. "The load was small, <i>quite</i> small, 'tis true,
+ But John could bring no more;
+ The woman in a rage it threw,&mdash;
+ She stamped upon the floor.
+(<i>f</i>.) 'No supper you shall have to-night;
+ So go along to bed,
+ You good-for-nothing, ugly fright,
+ You little stupid-head!'"
+ Said Edward: "<i>I</i> would <i>never</i> go;
+ She wouldn't <i>dare</i> to serve <i>me</i> so!"
+9. "The moon-beams fell upon the child
+ As, weeping, there he lay;
+ And gusty winds were sweeping wild
+ Along the forest way,
+ When up rose John, at dead of night;
+ For he would see his mother;
+<i>She</i> loved her child, although <i>he</i> might
+ Be <i>nothing</i> to another.
+ That narrow creek he forded o'er,&mdash;
+ 'Tis nearer than around the shore.
+10. "But here the shore is rough, you see;
+ The bank is high and steep;
+ And John, who climbed on hands and knee,
+ His footing could not keep.
+ He backward fell, all, all alone;
+ Too weak was he to rise;
+(<i>pl.</i>) And no one heard his dying moan,
+ Or closed his dying eyes.
+ How still he slept! And grief and pain
+ Could never come to him again.
+11. "A stranger, passing on his way,
+ Found him, as you have said;
+ His feet were out upon the clay,
+ The water o'er his head.
+ And then his foot-prints showed the path
+ He took, adown the creek,
+ When he escaped the woman's wrath,
+ So hungry, faint, and weak.
+ And people now, as you have heard,
+ Do call the place, THE DEAD CHILD'S FORD."
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. Was John an orphan, or half orphan? 2.
+ Was he drowned at night, or in the daytime? 8. By whom was he
+ found? 4. What is the place called where he was drowned? 5.
+ Give the rule for the rising inflections, as marked in the
+ 1st, 2d, and 4th verses. 6. Why are there no quotation marks
+ at the beginning of the 2d verse? 7. Why are half quotations
+ used in the 3d and 8th verses? 8. How should a part of the
+ 8th and 10th verses be read, according to the notation marks?
+ See page 41.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson7"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON VII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ EX CLAIM' ED, cried out.<br>
+ DE MAND' ING, asking; requiring.<br>
+ A MISS', wrong; improperly.<br>
+ AC CUS' ED, charged with.<br>
+ BREACH, violation.<br>
+ VIS' ION, sight; view.<br>
+ DE SCRIP' TION, account.<br>
+ SLUG' GARD, lazy person.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ LAME AND LAZY,&mdash;A FABLE.
+ </h4>[Footnote: For an explanation of the term fable, see page
+ 236.]<br>
+
+ <p>
+ 1. Two beggars, LAME and LAZY, were in want of bread.
+ <i>One</i> leaned on his crutch, the <i>other</i> reclined on
+ his couch. Lame called on Charity, and humbly asked for a
+ <i>cracker</i>. Instead of a cracker, he received a
+ <i>loaf</i>.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. Lazy, seeing the gift of Charity, exclaimed: "What`! ask a
+ <i>cracker</i> and receive a <i>loaf'</i>? Well, I will ask a
+ loaf." Lazy now applied to Charity, and called for a loaf of
+ bread. "Your demanding a loaf," said Charity, "proves you a
+ <i>loaf</i>-er. You are of that class and character who
+ <i>ask</i> and <i>receive not</i>; because you ask amiss."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. Lazy, who always found fault, and had rather whine than
+ work, complained of <i>ill-treatment</i>, and even accused
+ Charity of a breach of an exceeding great and precious
+ promise: "Ask, and ye shall receive."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. Charity pointed him to a painting in her room, which
+ presented to his vision three personages, Faith, Hope and
+ Charity. Charity appeared larger and fairer than her sisters.
+ He noticed that her right hand held a pot of honey, which fed
+ a bee disabled, having lost its wings. Her left hand was
+ armed with a whip to keep off the drones.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. "I do not understand it," said Lazy. Charity replied: "It
+ means that Charity <i>feeds</i> the lame, and <i>flogs</i>
+ the lazy." Lazy turned to go. "Stop," said Charity, "instead
+ of <i>coin</i>, I will give you <i>counsel</i>. Do not go and
+ live on your poor mother; I will send you to a <i>rich
+ ant</i>."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. "<i>Rich aunt'</i>?" echoed Lazy. "Where shall I find
+ her'?" "You will find a description of her," replied Charity,
+ "in Proverbs, sixth chapter, sixth, seventh, and eighth
+ verses, which read as follows: 'Go to the ant, thou sluggard;
+ consider her ways, and be wise; which, having no guide,
+ overseer, or ruler, provided her meat in summer, and
+ gathereth her food in the harvest.'"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. MORAL. Instead of waiting and wishing for a rich UNCLE to
+ <i>die</i>, go and see how a rich ANT <i>lives</i>.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. Where is the quotation in the 3d
+ paragraph to be found? Answer. John, 16th chapter, 24th
+ verse. 2. Where, the quotation in the sixth paragraph? 3. Why
+ does it commence with a half quotation? Answer. Because it
+ denotes a quotation within a quotation.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson8"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON VIII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ HAUGH'TY, proud; disdainful.<br>
+ PAR TIC' U LAR LY, especially.<br>
+ TRANS ACT', do; perform.<br>
+ A BASH' ED, confused.<br>
+ DIS COV' ER, find out.<br>
+ EX AM' INE (<i>egz am' in</i>), look over; inspect.<br>
+ REC' TI FY, correct; make right.<br>
+ REC' OM PENSE, reward.<br>
+ DE SERVES', merits.<br>
+ DE CLIN' ING, failing.<br>
+ PRE VENT' ED, hindered.<br>
+ AP PRO BA' TION, approval.<br>
+ PRE'CEPTS, instructions; counsels.<br>
+ BEN E FAC' TOR, friend; one that benefits.<br>
+ A MASS' ED, gathered.<br>
+ A DAPT' ED, suited.<br>
+ CON FI DEN' TIAL, trusty; trusted.<br>
+ IN TEG' RI TY, honesty.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ FAITHFULNESS IN LITTLE THINGS.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ ELIZA A. CHASE.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. "Is Mr. Harris in'?" inquired a plainly, but neatly
+ dressed boy, twelve or thirteen years of age, of a clerk, as
+ he stood by the counter of a large bookstore.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The clerk regarded the boy with a haughty look, and answered:
+ "Mr. Harris is in; but he is engaged."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. The boy looked at the clerk hesitatingly, and then said:
+ "If he is not particularly engaged, I would like to see him."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ "If you have any business to transact, <i>I</i> can attend to
+ it," replied the clerk. "Mr. Harris can not be troubled with
+ boys like you."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. "What is this, Mr. Morley?" said a pleasant-looking man,
+ stepping up to the clerk; "what does the boy want?"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ "He insisted on seeing you, though I told him you were
+ engaged," returned the clerk, a little abashed by the manner
+ of his employer.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. "And what do you wish to see me about, my lad?" inquired
+ Mr. Harris, kindly.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The boy raised his eyes, and, meeting the scornful glance of
+ the clerk, said timidly: "I wish you to look at the bill of
+ some books which I bought here, about three months since.
+ There is a mistake in it, which I wish to correct."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. "Ah, my boy, I see," replied Mr. Harris; "you have
+ <i>overpaid</i> us, I suppose!"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ "No, sir," answered the boy. "On the contrary, I purchased
+ some books which are <i>not charged</i> in the bill, and I
+ have called to pay for them."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. Mr. Harris looked at the boy earnestly for a moment, and
+ then asked: "When did you discover this mistake?"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ "Not until I reached home," replied the lad. "When I paid for
+ the books I was in a great hurry, fearing the boat would
+ leave before I could reach it, and I did not examine the
+ bill."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. "Why did you not return before, and rectify the mistake?"
+ asked the gentleman, in a tone slightly altered.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ "Because, sir, I live some distance from the city, and have
+ not been able to return till now."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. "My dear boy," said Mr. Harris, "you have given me great
+ pleasure. In a long life of mercantile business, I have never
+ met with an instance of this kind before. You have <i>acted
+ nobly</i> and deserve a recompense."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ "I ask no recompense," returned the boy. "<i>I have done
+ nothing but my duty</i>&mdash;a simple act of justice, and
+ that deserves no reward, but itself."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. "May I ask who taught you such noble principles'?"
+ inquired Mr. Harris.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ "My mother'," answered the boy, bursting into tears.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. "Blessed is the child who has such a mother," said Mr.
+ Harris, "and blessed is the mother of such a child. Be
+ faithful to her teachings, my dear boy, and you will be the
+ staff of her declining years."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ "Alas, sir," said the boy, "my mother is dead! It was her
+ sickness and death which prevented me from coming here
+ before."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11. "What is your name?" inquired Mr. Harris.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ "Edward Delong."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ "Have you a father living'?"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ "No, sir. My father died when I was an infant."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 12. "Where do you reside?"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ "In the town of Linwood, about fifty miles from this city."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ "Well, my boy, what are the books which were forgotten?"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ "Tacitus and a Latin Dictionary."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 13. "Let me see the bill. Ha! signed by A. C. Morley. I will
+ see to that. Here, Mr. Morley!" called Mr. Harris; but the
+ clerk was busily engaged in waiting on a customer at the
+ opposite side of the store, bowing and smiling in the most
+ attentive manner.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 14. "Edward," continued Mr. Harris, "I am not going to
+ <i>reward</i> you for what you have done; but I wish to
+ manifest my approbation of your conduct in such a manner, as
+ to make you remember the wise and excellent precepts of your
+ departed mother. Select from my store any ten books you
+ choose, which, in addition to the two you had before, shall
+ be a <i>present</i> to you; and henceforth, as now, my boy,
+ remember and not 'despise the day of small things.' If ever
+ you need a friend, call on me, and I will assist you."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 15. The grateful boy thanked his kind benefactor, and, with
+ tears in his eyes, bowed and left the store.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Edward Delong wished for knowledge, and, though the scanty
+ means left him by his mother, could hardly satisfy his
+ desire, by diligence and economy he had advanced far beyond
+ most boys of his age. By working nights and mornings for a
+ neighbor, he had amassed, what seemed to him, a large sum of
+ money, and this was expended in books.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 16. Edward's home was now with a man who regarded money as
+ the chief end and aim of life, and severe and constant
+ physical labor as the only means of obtaining that end. For
+ two years Edward struggled with his hopeless condition,
+ toiling early and late to obtain a livelihood.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 17. Edward now resolved to go to the city, to seek some
+ employment, better adapted to promote his education. He
+ entered the same store where he purchased the books, and
+ inquired for Mr. Harris.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ "He is engaged," replied the polite clerk. "If you will wait
+ a moment, he will be at liberty."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 18. "Did you wish to see me?" asked Mr. Harris of the boy,
+ whose thoughts were so intense that he had not noticed the
+ approach of his friend.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ "Mr. Harris!" exclaimed Edward, and it was all he could say.
+ For the remembrance of past favors bestowed on him by his
+ kind benefactor, so filled his heart with gratitude, that
+ further utterance was denied.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ "My noble Edward!" said the old gentleman. "And so you needed
+ a friend. Well, you shall have one."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 19. Five years from that time, Edward Delong was the
+ confidential clerk of Mr. Harris, and, in three more, a
+ partner in the firm. The integrity of purpose, which first
+ won the regard of his benefactor, was his guide in after
+ life. Prosperity crowned his efforts, and happiness blessed
+ his heart,&mdash;the never-failing result of <i>faithfulness
+ in little things</i>.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. Why did Edward Delong wish to see Mr.
+ Harris? 2. Had he overpaid for the books he purchased? 3.
+ What did he say when Mr. Harris told him he deserved a
+ recompense? 4. What books were not charged in the bill? 5. In
+ what way did Mr. Harris manifest his approval of Edward's
+ conduct? 6. How long after this, before he again called on
+ Mr. Harris? 7. Why could he not, at first, talk with Mr.
+ Harris? 8. What did Edward finally become?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson9"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON IX.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ GRACE' FUL LY, beautifully.<br>
+ PROUD' LY, splendidly.<br>
+ FOR' EIGN (<i>for' en</i>), distant.<br>
+ CLIMES, countries; regions.<br>
+ SYM' BOL, sign; emblem.<br>
+ FEAR' FUL, dreadful; terrible.<br>
+ CAN' NON RY, discharge of cannon.<br>
+ JU' BI LEE, season of public joy.<br>
+ WIT' NESS ED, seen; beheld.<br>
+ NA' TIVE, birth-giving.<br>
+ BOON, gift; blessing.<br>
+ PAR' A DISE, blissful abode.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ THE AMERICAN BOY.
+ </h4>
+ <span class="center">
+ SON.
+ </span>
+ <pre>
+Father, look up, and see that flag!
+ How gracefully it flies!
+Those pretty stripes, they seem to be
+ A rainbow in the skies.
+</pre>
+ <span class="center">
+ FATHER.
+ </span>
+ <pre>
+It is your country's flag, my boy,
+ And proudly drinks the light,
+O'er ocean's wave, in foreign climes,
+ A symbol of our might.
+</pre>
+ <span class="center">
+ SON.
+ </span>
+ <pre>
+Father, what fearful noise is that,
+ Now thundering in the clouds?
+Why do they, cheering, wave their hat,
+ And rush along in crowds?
+</pre>
+ <span class="center">
+ FATHER.
+ </span>
+ <pre>
+It is the voice of cannonry,
+ The glad shouts of the free;
+This is a day of memory,
+ 'Tis FREEDOM'S JUBILEE!
+</pre>
+ <span class="center">
+ SON.
+ </span>
+ <pre>
+I wish that <i>I</i> was now a man,
+<i>I'd free my country</i> too,
+And cheer as loudly as the rest;
+ But, father, why don't <i>you</i>?
+</pre>
+ <span class="center">
+ FATHER.
+ </span>
+ <pre>
+I'm getting old and weak; but still
+ My heart is big with joy;
+I've witnessed many a day like this,
+ Shout you aloud, my boy!
+</pre>
+ <span class="center">
+ SON.
+ </span>
+ <table>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<sup>oo</sup>)
+ </td>
+ <td>
+ <pre>
+HURRAH, FOR FREEDOM'S JUBILEE,
+</pre>
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ <pre>
+ God bless our native land!
+</pre>
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ <pre>
+And may <i>I</i> live to hold the boon
+</pre>
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td></td>
+ <td>
+ <pre>
+ Of <i>freedom</i> in my hand.
+</pre>
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ <span class="center">
+ FATHER.
+ </span>
+ <pre>
+Well done, my boy, grow up, and love
+ The land that gave you birth,&mdash;
+A land where Freedom loves to dwell,&mdash;
+ A paradise on earth.
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. Of what is our flag a symbol? 2. What is
+ meant by <i>Freedom's jubilee</i>? 3. What is the use of the
+ apostrophes in the words <i>I'd</i>, <i>I'm</i>, <i>I've</i>,
+ &amp;c.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson10"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON X.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ BIL' LOWS, waves; surges.<br>
+ DE LIGHT', joy; pleasure.<br>
+ DOOM, fate; end.<br>
+ TWINK' LES, sparkles.<br>
+ GLARE, bright, dazzling light.<br>
+ EX PANSE', surface; extent.<br>
+ SWEEP, pass or drive over.<br>
+ RIFE, filled; abounding.<br>
+ VOY' AGE, passage; journey.<br>
+ AN' CHOR ED, moored; fixed.<br>
+ HA' VEN, harbor.<br>
+ PEACE' FUL LY, quietly; calmly.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ THE SAILOR BOY'S SONG.
+ </h4>
+ <span class="center">
+ WRITTEN BY A GIRL THIRTEEN YEARS OF AGE.
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ 1.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ (<i>''</i>) Oh! the sea, the sea
+ Is the place for me,
+With its billows blue and bright;
+ I love its roar,
+ As it breaks on the shore,
+And its danger to me is delight.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ 2.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ Oh! I love the wave,
+ And the sailor brave,
+Who often meets his doom
+ On the ocean vast,
+ And sleeps his last
+In a shell and coral tomb.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ 3.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ And, in the night,
+ The moon's soft light
+Smiles sweetly on the foamy billow:
+ And many a star,
+ As it twinkles afar,
+Seems to rise from a watery pillow.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ 4.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ In the noontide glare,
+ Oh! bright and fair
+Is the wide expanse of ocean;
+ In the morn's first light
+ 'Tis a glorious sight,
+So full of life and motion.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ 5.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ When the tempests sweep
+ The rolling deep,
+And the angry billows swell,
+ I mind not the strife,
+ Which to me is rife
+With thoughts that I can not tell.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ 6.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ When life's voyage is o'er,
+ And I sail no more
+On the ocean's troubled breast,
+ Safe anchored above,
+ In the haven of love,
+May the sailor boy peacefully rest.
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What is meant by <i>coral tomb</i>, 2d
+ verse? 2. What, by <i>watery pillow</i>, third verse.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson11"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XI.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ FOUN DA' TION, commencement.<br>
+ DO MES' TI CA TED, tamed.<br>
+ FA' VOR ITE, one specially favored.<br>
+ CA RESS' ED, fondled; petted.<br>
+ GAM' BOL ING, skipping; frolicking.<br>
+ IM' PULSE, feeling of excitement.<br>
+ DI LAT' ED, distended.<br>
+ SPEC TA' TORS, observers; lookers on.<br>
+ EN DEAV' OR ED, tried; attempted.<br>
+ ANX' IOUS, very desirous.<br>
+ IN TER CEPT', (INTER, <i>between</i>; CEPT, <i>to take</i>
+ or <i>seize</i>;) to stop on the way.<br>
+ BE TRAY' ED, showed; disclosed.<br>
+ RE STRAIN' ED, held back; checked.<br>
+ COW' ED, depressed with fear.<br>
+ EN GRAV' ED, cut; inscribed.
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ In this lesson every pause is marked with its appropriate
+ inflection.
+ </p>
+ <h4>
+ CHASE OF THE PET FAWN.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ MISS COOPER.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. Within twenty years from the foundation of our village',
+ [Footnote: Cooperstown, New York.] the deer had already
+ become scarce', and', in a brief period later', they had
+ almost entirely fled from the country`. One of the last of
+ these beautiful creatures, a pretty little fawn, had been
+ brought in from the woods, when it was very young, and had
+ been nursed and petted by a young lady in the village, until
+ it became completely domesticated.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. It was graceful, as those little creatures always are, and
+ so gentle and playful that it became a great favorite.
+ Following the different members of the family about, it was
+ caressed and welcomed everywhere. One morning, after
+ gamboling about as usual, until weary, it threw itself down
+ in the sunshine, at the feet of one of its friends, upon the
+ door-step of a store.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. There came along a countryman, who, for several years, had
+ been a hunter by pursuit, and who still kept several hounds,
+ one of which came to the village with him, on this occasion.
+ The dog, as it approached the place where the fawn lay,
+ suddenly stopped; the little animal saw him, and darted to
+ its feet.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. It had lived more than half its life among the villagers,
+ and had apparently lost all fear of them; but it now seemed
+ to know instinctively that an enemy was at hand. In an
+ instant, its whole character and appearance seemed changed;
+ all its past habits were forgotten; every wild impulse was
+ awake; its head erect, its nostrils dilated, its eyes
+ flashing.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. In another instant, before the spectators had thought of
+ the danger, and before its friends could secure it, the fawn
+ was leaping wildly through the street, and the hound in full
+ chase. The by-standers were eager to save it; several persons
+ instantly followed its track; the friends who had long fed
+ and fondled it, were calling the name it had hitherto known;
+ but, in vain.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. The hunter endeavored to call back his dog; but, with no
+ better success. In half a minute, the fawn had turned the
+ first corner, dashed onward toward the lake, and thrown
+ itself into the water. But, if, for a moment, the startled
+ creature believed itself safe in the lake, it was soon
+ undeceived; for the hound followed in hot and eager chase,
+ while a dozen village dogs joined in the pursuit.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. A large crowd collected on the bank&mdash;men, women, and
+ children,&mdash;anxious for the fate of the little animal.
+ Some threw themselves into boats, hoping to intercept the
+ hound before he reached his prey. But the splashing of the
+ oars, the voices of men and boys, and the barking of the
+ dogs, must have filled the beating heart of the poor fawn
+ with terror and anguish; as if every creature on the spot
+ where it had once been caressed and fondled, had suddenly
+ turned into a deadly foe.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. It was soon seen that the fawn was directing its course
+ across a bay, toward the nearest borders of the forest.
+ Immediately the owner of the hound crossed the bridge, ran at
+ full speed in the same direction, hoping to stop his dog as
+ he landed. On swam the fawn, as it had never swam before; its
+ delicate head scarcely seen above the water, but leaving a
+ disturbed track which betrayed its course alike to anxious
+ friends and fierce enemies.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. As it approached the land, the interest became intense.
+ The hunter was already on the same side of the lake, calling
+ loudly and angrily to his dog; but the animal seemed to have
+ quite forgotten his master's voice in the pitiless pursuit.
+ The fawn touched the land; in one leap, it had crossed the
+ narrow piece of beach, and, in another instant, it would
+ reach the cover of the woods.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. The hound followed true to the scent, aiming at the same
+ spot on the shore. His master, anxious to meet him, had run
+ at full speed, and was now coming up at the same critical
+ moment. Would the dog listen to his voice? Could the hunter
+ reach him in time to seize and control him? A shout from the
+ spectators proclaimed that the fawn had passed out of sight
+ into the forest. At the same instant, the hound, as he
+ touched the land, felt the hunter's strong arm clutching his
+ neck.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11. The worst was believed to be over; the fawn was leaping
+ up the mountain-side, and its enemy restrained. The other
+ dogs, seeing their leader cowed, were easily managed. A
+ number of men and boys dispersed themselves through the wood
+ in search of the little creature; but, without success. They
+ all returned to the village, reporting that the animal had
+ not been seen by them. Some persons thought that, after its
+ fright had passed over, it would return of its own accord.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 12. It wore a pretty collar with its owner's name engraved
+ upon it, so that it could be easily known from any other
+ fawn, that might be straying about the woods. Before many
+ hours had passed, a hunter presented himself before the lady,
+ whose pet the little creature had been, and showed a collar
+ with her name upon it. He said that he was out hunting in the
+ morning, and saw a fawn in the distance. The little creature,
+ instead of bounding away as he expected, moved toward him. He
+ took aim, fired, and shot it to the heart.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 13. When he found the collar about its neck, he was very
+ sorry he had killed it. One would have thought that that
+ terrible chase would have made it afraid of man; but no;
+ <i>it forgot the evil</i>, and <i>remembered the kindness
+ only</i>; and came to meet, as a friend, the hunter who shot
+ it. It was long mourned by its best friend.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. Where did the lady reside who kept this
+ pet fawn? 2. Is there a lake near that village? 3. What river
+ rises in that lake? 4. Describe the chase of the pet fawn. 5.
+ How came it to be shot? 6. What did it forget, and what
+ remember?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson12"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ IN' FLU ENCE, moral power.<br>
+ DROOP' ED. bent over; languished.<br>
+ TING' ED, stained; colored.<br>
+ DEL' I CATE, soft; tender.<br>
+ TRIB' UTE, pay; requital.<br>
+ CASE' MENT, window.<br>
+ PERCH' ED, alighted.<br>
+ PLAINT' IVE, sorrowful.<br>
+ AF FRIGHT' ED, alarmed.<br>
+ TIM' ID, fearful; timorous.<br>
+ RE STRAIN' ED, held back.<br>
+ AT TEST', bear witness.<br>
+ SUA' SION, act of persuading.<br>
+ COM PLI' ANCE, submission.<br>
+ PAL' ED, inclosed.<br>
+ DE BAS' ED, degraded.<br>
+ DE' VI ATE, wander; stray.<br>
+ LE' NI ENT, mild; merciful.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ KINDNESS.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ KATE CLARENCE.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. Not <i>man</i> alone, but <i>every thing</i> in nature,
+ owns its influence. I knew a little flower that sprang up
+ amidst the weeds and brambles of a long-neglected garden; but
+ soon drooped its slender stem, and its leaves grew tinged
+ from the waste around.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. I took it to my home, supported its drooping stem, and
+ placed it where the warm sunshine and refreshing showers
+ cheered its little life. Again it raised its beautiful head,
+ and its delicate buds burst forth in gladness; and when the
+ winds of autumn came, the dying flower gave up to me its
+ golden seeds&mdash;a thankful tribute for my love. 'Twas a
+ little thing, but <i>kindness</i> did the deed.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. There came to my casement, one winter's morning, a
+ shivering, starving bird, and perched itself there, striving
+ to tell its tale of suffering; but feeble were its plaintive
+ notes, and its glossy breast was ruffled in the blast. I
+ raised the window. Affrighted, the little wanderer spread its
+ wings, as if to soar away; but, weak and faint, it sank
+ fluttering in my outstretched hands. I drew it in. Alarmed,
+ it darted round and round the room, and beat against the
+ frosted pane. <i>O Cruelty! thou hast taught even the little
+ birds to doubt!</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. When the little stranger grew less timid, I gave it clear
+ water, and tempting food, and so, for many weeks, we dwelt
+ together; but when came the first warm, sunny day, I opened
+ my doors, and it flew away,&mdash;<i>away up, up</i> into the
+ dark-blue heavens, till it was lost to my eager gaze.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. But not an hour had passed, ere I heard the flutter of its
+ tiny wings, and saw, without, its little breast glittering in
+ the golden sunbeams. It had a joyous life. No wired cage
+ restrained its restless wing; but, free as the summer cloud,
+ would it come each day, and gladly would my delighted soul
+ drink in the silvery notes of its gladdening melody.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. And it is not <i>birds</i> and <i>flowers</i> alone, that,
+ treated with kindness flourish so brightly 'neath its
+ heaven-born rays. Individuals, families, nations, attest its
+ truth. <i>Legal suasion</i> may frighten to compliance, but
+ <i>moral suasion</i> rules the will.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. To the erring wanderer, in the by and forbidden paths of
+ sin, with a heart paled in darkness, and lost to every better
+ feeling of his nature, one little word, one little act of
+ kindness, however slight, will find a sunny resting-place in
+ that sinful shade, and prove a light to guide the wayward one
+ to holier and better deeds. The lion licked the hand that
+ drew the thorn from his wounded foot; and Powhatan stayed the
+ descending club, when the burning lips of the Indian girl
+ pressed the prisoner's [Footnote: Captain Smith] pallid brow.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. And it is <i>ever</i> thus. There beats not a heart,
+ however debased by sin, or darkened by sorrow, that has not
+ its noblest impulses aroused, in view of a <i>generous and
+ kindly action</i>. The Holy Father implanted His own pure
+ principles in the breast of <i>every one</i>, and widely do
+ we deviate from their just dictates, when an unkind word, or
+ an unkind act, wounds a broken heart, or crushes a loving,
+ gentle nature.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+9. "<i>Speak not harshly</i>,&mdash;much of care
+ Every human heart must bear;
+ Enough of shadows rudely play
+ Around the very sunniest way;
+ Enough of sorrows darkly lie
+ Vailed within the merriest eye.
+ By thy childhood's gushing tears,
+ By thy grief in after years,
+ By the anguish thou dost know,
+<i>Add not to another's woe.</i>
+10. "<i>Speak not harshly</i>,&mdash;much of sin
+ Dwelleth every heart within;
+ In its closely caverned cells,
+ Many a wayward passion dwells.
+ By the many hours misspent,
+ By the gifts to error lent,
+ By the wrongs thou didst not shun,
+ By the good thou hast not done,
+ With a lenient spirit scan
+ The weakness of thy brother man."
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. On what has kindness an influence? 2.
+ What influence had it upon the little flower? 3. What, upon
+ the little bird? 4. What is said of cruelty? 5. What is said
+ of legal and moral suasion? 6. What is said of the lion? 7.
+ Of Powhatan? 8. Why ought we not to speak harshly?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson13"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XIII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ SHAFT, arrow; <i>here</i>, careless word.<br>
+ MES' SEN GERS, message-bearers.<br>
+ PANG, distress; anguish.<br>
+ SPELLS, charms; enchantments.<br>
+ SEAL' ED, closed up; under seal.<br>
+ SEP' UL CHER, (<i>ch</i> like <i>k</i>), grave; tomb.<br>
+ SUM' MON ED, called.<br>
+ AG' O NY, extreme suffering.<br>
+ WRING, writhe.<br>
+ UN A WARES, unconsciously.<br>
+ MIN' GLES, unites; mixes.<br>
+ EN DEAR' ING, kind; affectionate.<br>
+ E CLIPSE', darkness; obscuration.<br>
+ CHER' ISH ED, fostered.<br>
+ EN SHRIN' ED, sacredly preserved.<br>
+ UT' TER ED, expressed.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ CARELESS WORDS.
+ </h4>
+ <pre>
+ 1. Oh, never say a careless Word
+ Hath not the power to pain;
+ The shaft may ope some hidden wound,
+ That closes not again!
+ Weigh <i>well</i> those light-winged messengers;
+ God marked your heedless Word,
+ And with it, too, the falling tear,
+ The heart-pang that it stirred.
+ 2. Words! what are Words? A simple Word
+ Hath spells to call the tears,
+ That long have lain a sealed fount,
+ Unclosed through mournful years.
+ Back from the unseen sepulcher,
+ A Word hath summoned forth
+ A form that hath its place no more
+ Among the things of Earth,
+ 3. Words! heed them well; some whispered one
+ Hath yet a power to fling
+ A shadow on the brow, the soul
+ In agony to wring;
+ A name, forbidden, or forgot,
+ That sometimes, unawares,
+ Murmurs upon our wak'ning lips,
+ And mingles in our prayers.
+ 4. Oh, Words! sweet Words! A blessing comes
+ Softly from kindly lips;
+ Tender, endearing tones, that break
+ The Spirit's drear eclipse.
+ Oh! are there not some cherished tones
+ In the deep heart enshrined?
+ Uttered but once&mdash;they passed&mdash;and left
+ A track of light behind.
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What is said of <i>careless words</i>? 2.
+ What, of <i>sweet words</i>? 3. What is the use of the
+ apostrophe in <i>wak'ning</i>, third verse? 4. What is the
+ meaning of the suffix <i>less</i>, in the words <i>careless,
+ heedless</i>? See SANDERS' NEW SPELLER, DEFINER, AND
+ ANALYZER, page 143, Ex. 369.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson14"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XIV.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ VEG' E TA BLES, plants.<br>
+ DEP RE DA' TION, robbery; plunder.<br>
+ CAP TUR' ING, catching.<br>
+ TRES' PASS ER, transgressor.<br>
+ AP PEAL' ED, referred.<br>
+ COUN' SEL, lawyer; advocate.<br>
+ AR' GU MENT, plea; reason.<br>
+ URG' ING, enforcing; advocating.<br>
+ MIS' CHIEV OUS, hurtful; injurious.<br>
+ PRAC' TI CAL, pertaining to practice.<br>
+ DIS TIN' GUISH ED, celebrated.<br>
+ JU' RIST, one versed in law.<br>
+ AF FECT' ED, moved; impressed.<br>
+ FUR' NISH ED, supplied.<br>
+ VI' O LA TED, broken; transgressed.<br>
+ DE PRIVE', rob; hinder.<br>
+ AL LUD' ED, referred; adverted.<br>
+ RE STORE', give back.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ WEBSTER AND THE WOODCHUCK.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ BOSTON TRAVELER.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. Ebenezer Webster, the father of Daniel, was a farmer. The
+ vegetables in his garden had suffered considerably from the
+ depredations of a woodchuck, which had his hole or habitation
+ near the premises. Daniel, some ten or twelve years old, and
+ his older brother Ezekiel, had set a trap, and finally
+ succeeded in capturing the trespasser.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. Ezekiel proposed to kill the animal, and end, at once, all
+ further trouble from him; but Daniel looked with compassion
+ upon his meek, dumb captive, and offered to let him again go
+ free. The boys could not agree, and they appealed to their
+ father to decide the case.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. "Well, my boys," said the old gentleman, "<i>I</i> will be
+ the <i>judge</i>. There is the <i>prisoner</i>, (pointing to
+ the wood-chuck,) and <i>you</i> shall be the <i>counsel</i>,
+ and plead the case <i>for</i> and <i>against</i> his life and
+ liberty."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. Ezekiel opened the case with a strong argument, urging the
+ mischievous nature of the criminal, the great harm he had
+ already done; said that much time and labor had been spent in
+ his capture, and now, if he were suffered to live and go
+ again at large, he would renew his depredations, and be
+ cunning enough not to suffer himself to be caught again.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. He urged, further, that his skin was of some value, and
+ that, to make the most of him they could, it would not repay
+ half the damage he had already done. His argument was ready,
+ practical, to the point, and of much greater length than our
+ limits will allow us to occupy in relating the story.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. The father looked with pride upon his son, who became a
+ distinguished jurist in his manhood. "Now, Daniel, it is
+ <i>your</i> turn: I'll hear what <i>you</i> have to say."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. It was his first case. Daniel saw that the plea of his
+ brother had sensibly affected his father, the judge; and as
+ his large, brilliant, black eyes looked upon the soft, timid,
+ expression of the animal, and he saw it tremble with fear in
+ its narrow prison-house, his heart swelled with pity, and he
+ urged, with eloquent words, that the captive might again go
+ free.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. "God," he said, "had made the woodchuck; he made him to
+ live, to enjoy the bright sunlight, the pure air, the free
+ fields and woods. God had not made him, or <i>any</i> thing,
+ in vain; the woodchuck had as much right to life as any
+ <i>other</i> living thing."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. "He was not a destructive animal, as the wolf and the fox
+ were; he simply ate a few common vegetables, of which they
+ had plenty, and could well spare a part; he destroyed nothing
+ except the little food he needed to sustain his humble life;
+ and that little food was as sweet to him, and as necessary to
+ his existence, as was to them the food upon their mother's
+ table."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. "God furnished to them food; he gave them all they
+ possessed; and would they not spare a little for the dumb
+ creature, that really had as much right to his small share of
+ God's bounty, as they themselves had to their portion?"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11. "Yea, more, the animal had never violated the laws of his
+ nature or the laws of God, as man often did; but strictly
+ followed the simple, harmless instincts he had received from
+ the hand of the Creator of all things. Created by God's hand,
+ he had a right&mdash;a right from God&mdash;to life, to food,
+ to liberty; and they had no right to deprive him of either."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 12. He alluded to the mute, but earnest pleadings of the
+ animal for that life, as sweet, as dear to him, as their own
+ was to them, and the just judgment they might expect, if, in
+ selfish cruelty and cold heartlessness, they took the life
+ they could not restore&mdash;the life that God alone had
+ given.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 13. During this appeal, the tears had started to the old
+ man's eyes, and were fast running down his sun-burnt cheeks;
+ every feeling of a father's heart was stirred within him; he
+ saw the future greatness of his son before his eyes, he felt
+ that God had blessed him in his children, beyond the lot of
+ most men.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 14. His pity and sympathy were awakened by the eloquent words
+ of compassion, and the strong appeal for mercy; and,
+ forgetting the judge in the man and father, he sprang from
+ his chair, (while Daniel was in the midst of his argument,
+ without thinking he had already won his case,) and, turning
+ to his older son, dashing the tears from his eyes, exclaimed,
+ "<i>Ezekiel, Ezekiel, you let that woodchuck go!</i>"
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What did Ezekiel propose to do with the
+ woodchuck after he was caught? 2. What argument did he offer
+ for so doing? 3. What did Daniel wish to do with him? 4. What
+ argument did he offer? 4. What was their father's decision?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson15"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XV.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ SOLVE, explain; work out.<br>
+ PROB' LEM, question for solution.<br>
+ COM PELL' ED, obliged.<br>
+ IN' DO LENT, idle; lazy.<br>
+ DINT, force; means.<br>
+ CON' SCIOUS, self-perceived; felt.<br>
+ DEM ON STRA' TION, formal proof.<br>
+ RE CLIN' ING, leaning back.<br>
+ PON' DERS, weighs; examines.<br>
+ PROC' ESS, operation.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ DO IT YOURSELF.
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ 1. Do not ask the teacher or some classmate to solve that
+ hard problem. DO IT YOURSELF. You might as well let him eat
+ your dinner as "do your sums" for you. It is in studying as
+ in eating; <i>he who does it</i>, gets the benefit, and not
+ <i>he who sees it done</i>. In almost any school, the teacher
+ learns more than the best scholars, simply because he is
+ compelled to solve all the difficult problems, and answer all
+ the questions of the indolent pupils.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. Do not ask your teacher to parse that difficult word, or
+ assist you in the performance of any of your studies. DO IT
+ YOURSELF. Never mind, though they <i>do</i> look dark. Do not
+ ask even a hint from any one. TRY AGAIN. Every trial
+ increases your ability, and you will finally succeed by dint
+ of the very wisdom and strength gained in the effort, even
+ though, at first, the problem was beyond your skill. It is
+ the <i>study</i>, and not the <i>answer</i>, that really
+ rewards your labor.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. Look at that boy, who has just succeeded after six hours
+ of hard study. How his large eye is lit up with a proud joy,
+ as he marches to his class! He treads like a conqueror! And
+ well he may. Last night his lamp burned, and this morning he
+ waked at dawn. Once or twice he nearly gave it up. He had
+ tried his last thought; but a new thought strikes him, and he
+ ponders the last process. He tries once more, and succeeds;
+ and now mark the air of conscious strength with which he
+ pronounces his demonstration.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. His poor, weak schoolmate, who gave up that same problem,
+ after his first trial, now looks up to him with something of
+ a wonder, as a superior being. And he <i>is</i> his superior.
+ That problem lies there, a great gulf between those boys who
+ stood side by side yesterday.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. The boy who <i>did it for himself</i>, has taken a stride
+ upward, and what is better still, <i>has gained strength</i>
+ to take other and better ones. The boy who waited to see
+ <i>others do it</i>, has lost both strength and courage, and
+ is already looking for some good excuse to give up school and
+ study forever.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. DO IT YOURSELF. Remember the counsel given to the artist,
+ who lay reclining upon his couch, and wondering what the
+ fates would work out for him. Directing his attention to a
+ block of unhewn marble, with a chisel lying by its side, the
+ sculptor in the vision is represented as thus addressing him:
+ "Sir,
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ "There's the marble, there's the chisel,
+ Take it, work it to thy will;
+<i>Thou alone</i> must shape thy future,
+ Heaven send thee strength and skill!"
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. Who is benefited in studying? 2. What
+ really rewards the labor of study? 3. What is said of the boy
+ who succeeded after six hours of hard study? 4. What, of the
+ boy who gave up, after the first trial? 5. What counsel was
+ given to the artist who wondered what the fates would work
+ out for him?<br>
+ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;How are the words to be read, which are
+ printed in Italics and in capitals? See page 22, Note III.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson16"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XVI.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ SLACK' EN, relax; lessen.<br>
+ EN DEAV' OR, effort; exertion.<br>
+ WHOLE' SOME, useful; salutary.<br>
+ EX CEL', surpass; outdo.<br>
+ OUT STRIP' PED, outrun; excelled.<br>
+ SUR PASS' ED, excelled.<br>
+ VIC' TO RY, conquest; triumph.<br>
+ UT' TER MOST, very best.<br>
+ DAR' ING, courage; bravery.<br>
+ DE FECT', fault; deficiency.<br>
+ REPIN'ING, fretting; complaining.<br>
+ UN A VAIL' ING, vain; useless.<br>
+ COR RECT', amend; make right.<br>
+ MAX' IM, proverb; saying.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ BETTER LATE THAN NEVER.
+ </h4><br>
+ &nbsp;
+ <pre>
+1. <i>Life is a race</i>, where some succeed,
+ While others are beginning;
+ 'Tis luck, at times, at others, speed,
+ That gives an early winning.
+ But, if you chance to fall behind,
+ Ne'er slacken your endeavor;
+ Just keep this wholesome truth in mind:
+<i>'Tis better late than never!</i>
+2. If you can keep ahead, 'tis well;
+ But never trip your neighbor;
+ 'Tis noble when you can excel
+ By honest, patient labor.
+ But, if you are outstripped, at last,
+ Press on, as bold as ever;
+ Remember, though you are surpassed,
+<i>'Tis better late than never!</i>
+3. Ne'er labor for an idle boast
+ Of victory o'er another;
+ But, while you strive your uttermost,
+ Deal fairly with a brother.
+ Whate'er your station, do your best,
+ And, hold your purpose ever;
+ And, if you fail to beat the rest,
+<i>'Tis better late than never!</i>
+4. Choose well the path in which you run,&mdash;
+ Succeed by noble daring;
+ Then, though the last, when once 'tis won,
+ Your crown is worth the wearing.
+ Then never fret, if left behind,
+ Nor slacken your endeavor;
+ But ever keep this truth in mind:
+<i>'Tis better late than never!</i>
+ 5. Yet, would you cure this sad defect,
+ Repining's unavailing;
+ Begin, <i>at once</i>, and <i>now</i> correct
+ This very common failing.
+<i>This day</i> resolve,&mdash;<i>this very hour,</i>
+ Nor e'en a moment wait;
+ Go, make this better maxim yours,&mdash;
+<i>'Tis better never late!</i>
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. To what is life compared, first verse? 2.
+ What advice is given <i>if you chance to fall behind?</i> 3.
+ How ought you to treat your competitors? 4. What is a very
+ common failing? 5. How may it be corrected? 6. What is the
+ use of the apostrophe in the word <i>repining's</i>, fifth
+ verse?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson17"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XVII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ A DOPT' ED, taken as one's own.<br>
+ PIL' LAR ED, supported by pillars.<br>
+ TWI' LIGHT, faint light after sunset and before sunrise.<br>
+ THYME, (<i>time</i>,) fragrant plant.<br>
+ VINE' YARD, plantation of grapevines.<br>
+ DYE, hue; color.<br>
+ SPARK' LING, emitting bubbles.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ THE ADOPTED CHILD.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ MISS. HEMANS.
+ </p>
+ <table>
+ <tr>
+ <td class="center">
+ LADY.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ Why wouldst thou leave me, O gentle child?<br>
+ <i>Thy home</i> on the mountains is bleak and
+ wild,<br>
+ A straw-roofed cabin with lowly wall;<br>
+ <i>Mine</i> is a fair and a pillared hall,<br>
+ Where many an image of marble gleams,<br>
+ And the sunshine of picture forever streams.<br>
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td class="center">
+ BOY.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ Oh, green is the turf where my brothers play,<br>
+ Through the long, bright hours of the summer-day;<br>
+ They find the red cup-moss where they climb,<br>
+ And they chase the bee o'er the scented thyme;<br>
+ And the rocks where the heath-flower blooms they
+ know,<br>
+ Lady, kind lady! oh, let me go!<br>
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td class="center">
+ LADY.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ Content thee, boy, in my bower to dwell;<br>
+ Here are sweet sounds which thou lovest
+ well,&mdash;<br>
+ Flutes on the air in the stilly noon,<br>
+ Harps which the wandering breezes tune,<br>
+ And the silvery wood-note of many a bird<br>
+ Whose voice was ne'er in thy mountains heard.<br>
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td class="center">
+ BOY.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ My mother sings, at the twilight's fall,<br>
+ A song of the hills, far more sweet than all;<br>
+ She sings it under our own green tree,<br>
+ To the babe half-slumbering on her knee;<br>
+ I dreamed, last night, of that music low,&mdash;<br>
+ Lady, kind lady! oh, let me go!<br>
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td class="center">
+ LADY.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ (<i>pl.</i>) Thy mother hath gone from her cares to
+ rest;<br>
+ She hath taken the babe on her quiet breast;<br>
+ Thou wouldst meet her footstep, my boy, no more,<br>
+ Nor hear her song at the cabin-door:<br>
+ Come thou with me to the vineyards nigh,<br>
+ And we'll pluck the grapes of the richest dye.<br>
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td class="center">
+ BOY.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ Is my mother gone from her home away?&mdash;<br>
+ But I know that my brothers are there at play,<br>
+ I know they are gathering the fox-glove's bell,<br>
+ Or the long fern leaves by the sparkling well;<br>
+ Or they launch their boats where the bright streams
+ flow,<br>
+ Lady, kind lady! oh, let me go!<br>
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td class="center">
+ LADY.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ Fair child, thy brothers are wanderers now,<br>
+ They sport no more on the mountain's brow;<br>
+ They have left the fern by the spring's green
+ side,<br>
+ And the streams where the fairy barks were tried:<br>
+ Be thou at peace in thy brighter lot,<br>
+ For thy cabin-home is a lonely spot.<br>
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td class="center">
+ BOY.
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ <tr>
+ <td>
+ Are they gone, all gone from the sunny hill?<br>
+ But the bird and the blue-fly rove o'er it still,<br>
+ And the red deer bound in their gladness free,<br>
+ And the heath is bent by the singing bee,<br>
+ And the waters leap, and the fresh winds
+ blow,&mdash;<br>
+ Lady, kind lady! oh, let me go!<br>
+ </td>
+ </tr>
+ </table>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What kind of words are <i>straw-roofed,
+ heath-flower, wood-note,</i> &amp;c.? 2. What is the use of
+ the apostrophes in the words <i>o'er, ne'er, twilight's</i>,
+ &amp;c.?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson18"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XVIII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ AP PAR' ENT LY, evidently.<br>
+ CEN' TU RY, hundred years.<br>
+ GI GAN' TIC, very large.<br>
+ SPE' CIES, sort; kind.<br>
+ DI MEN' SION, size; bulk.<br>
+ SUB LIME', grand; magnificent.<br>
+ UN MO LEST' ED, free from disturbance.<br>
+ DIS PERS' ED, separated; scattered.<br>
+ CLAM' OR OUS, noisy; importunate.<br>
+ IN DE CIS' ION, doubt; irresolution.<br>
+ POIS' ED, balanced.<br>
+ AT' MOS PHERE, surrounding air.<br>
+ TAL' ONS, claws.<br>
+ DIS TRI BU' TION, division.<br>
+ EC' STA SY, excessive joy; transport.<br>
+ PER' SE CUT ED, harassed; injured.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ THE OLD EAGLE TREE.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ REV. JOHN TODD.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. In a remote field stood a large tulip tree, apparently of
+ a century's growth, and one of the most gigantic of that
+ splendid species. It looked like the father of the
+ surrounding forest. A single tree, of huge dimensions,
+ standing all alone, is a sublime object.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. On the top of this tree, an old eagle, commonly called the
+ "Fishing Eagle," had built her nest every year, for many
+ years, and, unmolested, raised her young. What is remarkable,
+ as she procured her food from the ocean, this tree stood full
+ ten miles from the sea-shore. It had long been known as the
+ "Old Eagle tree."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. On a warm, sunny day, the workmen were hoeing corn in an
+ adjoining field. At a certain hour of the day, the old eagle
+ was known to set off for the sea-side, to gather food for her
+ young. As she this day returned with a large fish in her
+ claws, the workmen surrounded the tree, and, by yelling, and
+ hooting, and throwing stones, so scared the poor bird that
+ she dropped her fish, and they carried it off in triumph.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. The men soon dispersed; but Joseph sat down under a bush
+ near by, to watch, and to bestow unavailing pity. The bird
+ soon returned to her nest without food. The eaglets at once
+ set up a cry for food, so shrill, so clear, and so clamorous,
+ that the boy was greatly moved.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. The parent bird seemed to try to soothe them; but their
+ appetites were too keen, and it was all in vain. She then
+ perched herself on a limb near them, and looked down into the
+ nest with a look that seemed to say, "I know not what to do
+ next."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. Her indecision was but momentary; again she poised
+ herself, uttered one or two sharp notes, as if telling them
+ to "lie still," balanced her body, spread her wings, and was
+ away again for the sea!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. Joseph was determined to see the result. His eyes followed
+ her till she grew small, smaller,&mdash;a mere speck in the
+ sky,&mdash;and then disappeared. What boy has not often
+ watched the flight of the bird of his country in this way?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. She was gone nearly two hours, about double her usual time
+ for a voyage, when she again returned, on a slow, weary wing,
+ flying uncommonly low, in order to have a heavier atmosphere
+ to sustain her, with another fish in her talons.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. On nearing the field, she made a circuit around it, to see
+ if her enemies were again there. Finding the coast clear, she
+ once more reached her tree, drooping, faint, and weary, and
+ evidently nearly exhausted. Again the eaglets set up their
+ cry, which was soon hushed by the distribution of a dinner,
+ such as&mdash;save the cooking&mdash;a king might admire.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. "GLORIOUS BIRD!" cried the boy in ecstacy, and aloud;
+ "what a spirit! Other birds can fly swifter, others can sing
+ more sweetly, others can scream more loudly; but what
+ <i>other bird</i>, when persecuted and robbed&mdash;when
+ weary &mdash;when discouraged&mdash;when so far from
+ sea,&mdash;would have done this!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11. "GLORIOUS BIRD! I will learn a lesson from thee to-day. I
+ will never forget hereafter, that when the spirit is
+ determined, it can do almost anything. Others would have
+ drooped and hung the head, and mourned over the cruelty of
+ man, and sighed over the wants of the nestlings; but
+ <i>thou,</i> by at once recovering the loss, hast forgotten
+ all.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 12. "I will learn of thee, <i>noble bird!</i> I will remember
+ this. I will set my mark high. I will try to do something,
+ and to be something in the world; <i>I will never yield to
+ discouragements."</i>
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. How far was this Old Eagle tree from the
+ seashore? 2. In what way did the workmen obtain the fish she
+ brought for her young? 3. What is said of the eaglets and the
+ parent bird, when she returned to the nest? 4. What did she
+ then do? 5. What did Joseph say when she returned with
+ another fish?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson19"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XIX.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ AUC' TION, vendue; public sale.<br>
+ HOME' LESS, (LESS, <i>without or destitute of,</i>) without
+ home.<br>
+ PEN' NI LESS, destitute of pennies.<br>
+ WASTE' LESS, without waste.<br>
+ UN LIGHT' ED, (UN, <i>not</i>,) not lighted.<br>
+ SELF' ISH NESS, devoted to one's self.<br>
+ RE VERSE' (RE, <i>back</i> or <i>again</i>; VERSE,
+ <i>turn</i>), turn back, or exchange places.<br>
+ AC QUIRE', gain; obtain.<br>
+ IL LUS TRA' TION, explanation.<br>
+ SOL' I TA RY, single.<br>
+ DIS PEL', drive away; disperse.<br>
+ BE NIGHT' ED, unenlightened.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ THE LIGHT OF KNOWLEDGE.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ ELIHU BURRITT.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. Knowledge can not be stolen from you. It can not be bought
+ or sold. You may be <i>poor</i>, and the sheriff come into
+ your house, and sell your furniture at auction, or drive away
+ your cow, or take your lamb, and leave you homeless and
+ penniless; but he can not lay the law's hand upon the
+ <i>jewelry of your mind</i>. This can not be taken for debt;
+ neither can you <i>give it away</i>, though you give enough
+ of it to fill a million minds.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. I will tell you what such giving is like. Suppose, now,
+ that there were no sun nor stars in the heavens, nor any
+ thing that shone in the black brow of night; and suppose that
+ a lighted lamp were put into your hand, which should burn
+ wasteless and clear amid all the tempests that should brood
+ upon this lower world.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. Suppose next, that there were a thousand millions of human
+ beings on the earth with you, each holding in his hand an
+ unlighted lamp, filled with the same oil as yours, and
+ capable of giving as much light. Suppose these millions
+ should come, one by one, to you, and light each his lamp by
+ yours, would they rob you of any light? Would less of it
+ shine on your own path? Would your lamp burn more dimly for
+ lighting a thousand millions?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. Thus it is, young friends. In getting rich in the things
+ which perish with the using, men have often obeyed to the
+ letter that first commandment of selfishness: <i>"Keep what
+ you can get, and get what you can."</i> In filling your minds
+ with the wealth of knowledge, you must reverse this rule, and
+ obey this law: <i>"Keep what you give, and give what you
+ can."</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. The fountain of knowledge is filled by its <i>outlets,</i>
+ not by its inlets. You can <i>learn</i> nothing which you do
+ not <i>teach;</i> you can acquire nothing of intellectual
+ wealth, except by <i>giving.</i> In the illustration of the
+ lamps, which I have given you, was not the light of the
+ thousands of millions which were lighted at yours, as much
+ your light, as if it all came from your solitary lamp? Did
+ you not dispel darkness by giving away light?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. Remember this parable, and, whenever you fall in with an
+ unlighted mind in your walk of life, drop a kind and glowing
+ thought upon it from yours, and set it a-burning in the world
+ with a light that shall shine in some dark place to beam on
+ the benighted.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What is said of knowledge? 2. What is the
+ giving of knowledge like? 3. In getting rich, what precept
+ have men obeyed? 4. What precept must be obeyed in getting
+ knowledge? 5. How is knowledge best acquired? 6. What is
+ meant by the <i>jewelry of the mind,</i> first paragraph? 7.
+ What, by <i>intellectual wealth,</i> fifth paragraph?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson20"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XX.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ EX TIN' GUISH ED, put out.<br>
+ SOL' EMN, grave; serious.<br>
+ GAR' RI SON, fortress furnished with soldiers, for
+ defense.<br>
+ SEN' TI NEL, soldier on guard.<br>
+ CAR A VAN, company of traveling traders or pilgrims.<br>
+ CON STEL LA' TIONS, clusters of fixed stars.<br>
+ BRILL' IANT, shining; sparkling.<br>
+ HOST, great multitude.<br>
+ EX' TRA, additional.<br>
+ CRES' CENT, form of the new moon.<br>
+ HAIL' ED, saluted.<br>
+ EF FUL' GENCE, splendor.<br>
+ RE' GEN CY, rule; government.<br>
+ WAN' ING, decreasing.<br>
+ SUP PLI CA TION, prayer; petition.<br>
+ RAPT' URE, great joy; transport.
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ [Headnote 1: PAL' ES TINE includes that part of Turkey in
+ Asia, lying on the eastern borders of the Mediterranean Sea.]
+ </p>
+ <h4>
+ NIGHT'S LESSONS.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ L.H. SIGOURNEY.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. The lessons of our school are over. The lights in the
+ distant windows are extinguished, one after the other. The
+ village will soon be lost in slumber. When all the men and
+ the women are asleep, must we keep awake to learn lessons?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. In large cities, there may be heard, now and then, the
+ rushing wheel of the traveler. The watchmen pace their round,
+ and cry, <i>"All is well."</i> In the long, cold nights of
+ Norway, the watchmen who guard the capitol, pronounce, in a
+ solemn tone, "God bless our good city of Bergen!"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. In the garrison, or the endangered fortress, the armed
+ sentinel keeps watch, lest they should be surprised by the
+ foe. But in this peaceful village there is no need of either
+ sentinel or watchman. Why may we not go to sleep, instead of
+ learning Night's lessons?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. My son, one of these you may learn in a moment. Did you
+ say that all will soon be sleeping? No! there is one Eye that
+ never slumbers. He who made all the people, keepeth watch
+ above the everlasting hills. Commit yourself to His care.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. Now, will you learn with me the second lesson of the
+ night? Lift your eyes to yon glorious canopy. Seest thou not
+ there a sentinel, set by the Eternal, at the northern gate of
+ heaven,&mdash;the pole-star?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. The pole-star! Blessings are breathed upon it, by the
+ weary caravan, fearing the poisonous wind of the
+ desert,&mdash;by the red forest-children, seeking their home
+ beyond the far Western prairies,&mdash;and by the lonely
+ mariner, upon the pathless ocean.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. The stars! See them! The oil in their lamps never burns
+ out. These glorious constellations wheel their mighty course
+ unchanged, while "man dieth and wasteth away, yea, man giveth
+ up the ghost, and where is he?" [Footnote: Job, 14th chap.,
+ 10th verse.]
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. Yon brilliant orbs maintain their places, while countless
+ generations pass away, and nations disappear and are
+ forgotten. Let us bow in humility before "Him who bringeth
+ out their host by number, who calleth them all by names, by
+ the greatness of His might, for that He is strong in power;
+ not one faileth." [Footnote: Isaiah. 40th chap., 26th verse.]
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. Thirteen times in the year, Night, the teacher, gives
+ extra lessons. Will you be there to learn them? First, she
+ hangs up a pale crescent in the west. The ancient Jews hailed
+ its infant beam, and answering fires of joy were kindled on
+ the hills of Palestine.[Headnote 1]
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. Next, she summons forth a rounded orb, clad in full
+ effulgence, and commits to it the regency when the sun
+ retires. Lastly, a slender, waning crescent appears nightly,
+ like an aged man, ready to descend into the night of the
+ tomb.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11.<br>
+ "Soon as the evening shades prevail,<br>
+ The moon takes up the wondrous tale,<br>
+ And nightly to the listening earth,<br>
+ Repeats the story of her birth;<br>
+ While all the stars that round her burn,<br>
+ And all the planets in their turn,<br>
+ Confirm the tidings as they roll,<br>
+ And spread the truth from pole to pole."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 12. These are some of Night's lessons. Are you tired of them?
+ Or, will you learn one more? Lift up your heart to Him who
+ has given you the past day, with thanks for its
+ blessings,&mdash;with penitence for its faults,&mdash;with
+ supplication for strength and wisdom for the time that is to
+ come.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 13. "Day unto day uttereth speech, and night unto night
+ showeth knowledge" [Footnote: Psalm 19th, 2nd verse.] of God.
+ Thus, meekly and faithfully studying Night's lessons, may we
+ find
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ "Even sorrow, touched by Heaven, grows bright
+ With more than rapture's ray,
+ As darkness shows us worlds of light,
+ We never saw by day."
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. Who watches over us when asleep? 2. In
+ what way is the pole-star useful to man? 3. What is said of
+ the stars? 4. What extra lessons is it that night gives
+ thirteen times a year? 5. Describe the first appearance of
+ the moon. 6. How does it next appear? 7. Where is Palestine?
+ 8. Where are the passages to be found, quoted in the 7th,
+ 8th, and 13th paragraphs? 9. Do you know who is the author of
+ the 11th verse? Ans. Addison.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson21"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXI.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ HID' DEN, secret; concealed.<br>
+ QUAIL, sink; droop.<br>
+ SCORN' ING, disdaining.<br>
+ GREET' ING, salutation.<br>
+ VIEW' LESS, not to be seen.<br>
+ YEARN' ETH, longeth.<br>
+ CHANT, sing; carol.<br>
+ PORT' AL, entrance; gate-way.<br>
+ CHEER' Y, gay; lively.<br>
+ E TER' NI TY, endless duration.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ NATURE'S TEACHINGS.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ CHAMBERS' JOURNAL.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+FIRST VOICE.
+1. Sunlight! tell the hidden meaning
+ Of the rays thou lettest fall;
+ Are they lessons writ in burning,
+ Like God's warning on the wall?
+SECOND VOICE.
+ Strive, O man, to let a loving
+ Spirit cheer the sad and poor;
+ So shall many a fair hope blossom,
+ Where none grew before!
+FIRST VOICE.
+2. Stars! what is it ye would whisper,
+ With your pure and holy light?
+ Looking down so calm and tender
+ From the watch-tower of the night.
+SECOND VOICE.
+ When thy soul would quail from scorning,
+ Keep a brave heart and a bold;
+ As we always shine the brightest
+ When the nights are cold.
+FIRST VOICE.
+3. Hast thou not a greeting for me,
+ Heaven's own happy minstrel-bird'?
+ Thou whose voice, like some sweet angel's,
+ Viewless, in the cloud is heard'?
+SECOND VOICE.
+ Though thy spirit yearneth sky-ward,
+ Oh, forget not human worth!
+ I, who chant at heaven's portal,
+ Build my nest on earth.
+FIRST VOICE.
+4. River! river'! singing gayly
+ From the hill-side all day long,
+ Teach my heart the merry music
+ Of thy cheery, rippling song.
+SECOND VOICE.
+ Many winding ways I follow;
+ Yet, at length, I reach the sea.
+ Man, remember that <i>thy</i> ocean
+ Is ETERNITY!
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What is meant by <i>God's warning on the
+ wall?</i> See the 5th chap. of Daniel. 2. What is meant by
+ <i>minstrel-bird?</i> Ans. The lark.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson22"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ GLARE, dazzling light.<br>
+ BLITHE' LY, gayly; joyfully.<br>
+ WROUGHT, worked; labored.<br>
+ RE MORSE', painful regret.<br>
+ WANE, decrease; grow less.<br>
+ FAN' CIES, whims; notions.
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ A NON.<i>'</i> is an abbreviation of <i>anonymous</i>, which
+ means <i>without name; nameless</i>. See SANDERS' ANALYSIS,
+ page 88, Exercise 108.
+ </p>
+ <h4>
+ SOWING AND HARVESTING.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ ANON.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+1. They are sowing their seed in the daylight fair,
+ They are sowing their seed in the noonday's glare,
+ They are sowing their seed in the soft twilight,
+ They are sowing their seed in the solemn night;
+<i>What</i> shall their harvest be?
+2. They are sowing their seed of pleasant thought,
+ In the spring's green light they have blithely wrought;
+ They have brought their fancies from wood and dell,
+ Where the mosses creep, and the flower-buds swell;
+<i>Rare</i> shall the harvest be!
+3. They are sowing the seeds of word and deed,
+ Which the cold know not, nor the careless heed,&mdash;
+ Of the gentle word and the kindest deed,
+ That have blessed the heart in its sorest need;
+<i>Sweet</i> shall the harvest be!
+4. And some are sowing the seeds of pain,
+ Of late remorse, and in maddened brain;
+ And the stars shall fall, and the sun shall wane,
+ Ere they root the weeds from the soil again;
+<i>Dark</i> will the harvest be!
+5. And some are standing with idle hand,
+ Yet they scatter seeds on their native land;
+ And some are sowing the seeds of care,
+ Which their soil has borne, and still must bear;
+<i>Sad</i> will the harvest be!
+6. They are sowing the seed of noble deed,
+ With a sleepless watch and an earnest heed;
+ With a ceaseless hand o'er the earth they sow,
+ And the fields are whitening where'er they go;
+<i>Rich</i> will the harvest be!
+7. Sown in darkness, or sown in light,
+ Sown in weakness, or sown in might,
+ Sown in meekness, or sown in wrath,
+ In the broad work-field, or the shadowy path,
+ SURE will the harvest be!
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. Who are meant by <i>they</i> in this
+ lesson? 2. What is said of those who are <i>sowing the seeds
+ of word and deed?</i> 3. What, of those who are sowing the
+ <i>seeds of care?</i> 4. Repeat the last verse. 5. What
+ passage of Scripture teaches the same idea? Ans. "Whatsoever
+ a man soweth, that shall he also reap."&mdash;Gal., 6th
+ chap., 7th verse.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson23"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXIII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ FOR' TI FI ED, strengthened by works of art for defense.<br>
+ SUL' TRY, close; oppressively hot.<br>
+ BOAT' SWAIN, one who has charge of a ship's boats, rigging,
+ &amp;c.<br>
+ TARS, sailors.<br>
+ MOOR' ED, anchored.<br>
+ BUOYS, floats.<br>
+ AN' CHOR, iron instrument for holding ships.<br>
+ STAR' BOARD, right side of a ship.<br>
+ FORE' CAS TLE, short deck in the fore part of a ship.<br>
+ WAKE, track.<br>
+ BE REFT', deprived.<br>
+ IM' MI NENT, impending.<br>
+ PIERC' ED, went through.<br>
+ FORE AND AFT, before and behind.<br>
+ SWAY' ED, swung; moved.<br>
+ CAR' CASS, dead body.<br>
+ EX CITE' MENT, agitation.<br>
+ PHA' SES, forms; appearances.
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ [Headnote 1: SA HA' RA, is a Great Desert in Africa, lying
+ south of the Barbary States, and extending from the Atlantic
+ on the west to Egypt and Nubia on the east. The winds that
+ come from this desert, are hot and suffocating.]
+ </p>
+ <h4>
+ A THRILLING INCIDENT.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ ANON.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. Our noble ship lay at anchor in the Bay of Tangier, a
+ fortified town in the extreme northwest of Africa. The day
+ had been extremely mild, with a gentle breeze sweeping to the
+ northward and westward; but, toward the close of the
+ afternoon, the sea-breeze died away, and one of those sultry,
+ oven-like breathings came from the great, sun-burnt Sahara
+ [Headnote 1].
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. Half an hour before sundown, the captain gave the cheering
+ order for the boatswain to call the hands to "go in
+ swimming;" and, in less than five minutes, the forms of our
+ tars were seen leaping from the arms of the lower yards, into
+ the water. One of the studding sails, with its corners
+ suspended from the main yard-arm and the swinging boom, had
+ been lowered into the water, and into this most of the
+ swimmers made their way.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. Among those who seemed to be enjoying the sport most
+ heartily, were two of the boys, Timothy Wallace and Frederic
+ Fairbanks, the latter of whom was the son of our old gunner;
+ and, in a laughing mood, they started out from the studding
+ sail on a race. There was a loud ringing shout of joy on
+ their lips as they put off, and they darted through the water
+ like fishes. The surface of the sea was smooth as glass,
+ though its bosom rose in long, heavy swells that set in from
+ the Atlantic.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. The vessel was moored with a long sweep from both cables,
+ and one of the buoys of the anchor was far away on the
+ starboard quarter, where it rose and fell with the lazy
+ swells of the waves. Toward this buoy the two lads made their
+ way, young Fairbanks taking the lead; but, when they were
+ within about twenty or thirty fathoms of the buoy, Wallace
+ shot ahead and promised to win the race.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. The old gunner had watched the progress of his little son
+ with a great degree of pride; and when he saw him drop
+ behind, he leaped upon the quarter-deck, and was just upon
+ the point of urging him on by a shout, when a cry was heard
+ that struck him with instant horror.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. "<i>A shark! a shark!</i>" was sounded from the captain of
+ the forecastle; and, at the sound of these terrible words,
+ the men who were in the water, leaped and plunged toward the
+ ship. Right abeam, at the distance of three or four cables'
+ lengths, was seen the wake of a shark in the water, where the
+ back of the monster was visible. His course was for the boys.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. For a moment, the gunner stood like one bereft of reason;
+ but, on the next, he shouted at the top of his voice, for the
+ boys to turn; but they heard him not. Stoutly the two
+ swimmers strove for the goal, all unconscious of their
+ imminent danger. Their merry laugh still rang over the
+ waters, and, at length, they both touched the buoy together.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. Oh, what agony filled the heart of the gunner! A boat had
+ put off, but he knew that it could not reach the boys in
+ season, and every moment he expected to see the monster sink
+ from sight,&mdash;<i>then</i> he knew that all hope would be
+ gone. At this moment, a cry reached the ship, that pierced
+ every heart,&mdash;the boys had discovered their enemy.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. The cry started the old gunner to his senses, and quicker
+ than thought, he sprang from the quarter-deck. The guns were
+ all loaded and shotted, fore and aft, and none knew their
+ temper better than he. With steady hand, made strong by
+ sudden hope, the old gunner seized a priming-wire and picked
+ the cartridge of one of the quarter guns; then he took from
+ his pocket a percussion cap, fixed it in its place, and set
+ back the hammer of the patent lock.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. With a giant strength the old man swayed the breech of
+ the heavy gun to its bearing, and then seizing the string of
+ the lock, he stood back and watched for the next swell that
+ would bring the shark in range. He had aimed the piece some
+ distance ahead of his mark; but yet a little moment would
+ settle his hopes and fears.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11. Every breath was hushed, and every heart in that old ship
+ beat painfully. The boat was yet some distance from the boys,
+ while the horrid sea-monster was fearfully near. Suddenly the
+ air was rent by the roar of the heavy gun; and, as the old
+ man knew his shot was gone, he sank back upon the hatch, and
+ covered his face with his hands, as if afraid to see the
+ result of his own efforts; for, if he had failed, he knew
+ that his boy was lost.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 12. For a moment after the report of the gun had died away
+ upon the air, there was an unbroken silence; but, as the
+ dense smoke arose from the surface of the water, there was,
+ at first, a low murmur breaking from the lips of the
+ men,&mdash;that murmur grew louder and stronger, till it
+ swelled to a joyous, deafening shout. The old gunner sprang
+ to his feet, and gazed off on the water, and the first thing
+ that met his view, was the huge carcass of the shark,
+ floating on his back&mdash;a mangled, lifeless mass.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 13. In a few moments, the boats reached the daring swimmers,
+ and, greatly frightened, they were brought on board. The old
+ man clasped his boy in his arms, and then, overcome by the
+ powerful excitement, he leaned upon a gun for support. I have
+ seen men in all the phases of excitement and suspense, but
+ never have I seen three human beings more overcome by
+ thrilling emotions, than on that startling moment when they
+ first knew the effect of our gunner's shot.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. Where is the town of Tangier? 2. What
+ order had been given by the captain of the vessel? 3. Who
+ seemed most to enjoy the sport? 4. What is said of the old
+ gunner? 5. What did he do? 6. What effect did his shot
+ produce? 7. Describe the closing scene.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson24"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXIV.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ DIS GUISE', concealment.<br>
+ WAY' LAID, beset by the way.<br>
+ THREAT' EN ED, declared the intention.<br>
+ IN CLINE, dispose.<br>
+ RUF' FIANS, robbers; murderers.<br>
+ DIS TRIB'UTE, divide; apportion.<br>
+ TREAS' UR Y, place for keeping money.<br>
+ ALMS, gifts; donations.<br>
+ MI' SER LY, covetous; niggardly.<br>
+ SAL' A RY, wages; allowance for services.<br>
+ IN VOLV' ING, entangling.<br>
+ BE WIL' DER ED, puzzled; perplexed.<br>
+ LOG' IC, reasoning.<br>
+ SAGE, wise man.<br>
+ FUL FILL' ING, performing.<br>
+ E VA' SION, departure from truth.<br>
+ DE CEIT', deception; fraud.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ THE TRUTHFUL KING.
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ 1. A certain Persian king, while traveling in disguise, with
+ but few attendants, was waylaid by robbers, who threatened to
+ take not only his goods, but his life.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. Feeling himself beyond the reach of human aid, he inwardly
+ made a vow, that if God would incline the hearts of these
+ ruffians to mercy, and restore him in safety to his family
+ and people, he would distribute all the money then in his
+ treasury, in alms to the needy of his realm.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. The robbers, from some unknown cause, liberated him, and
+ he soon reached home in safety, having sustained no injury,
+ save the loss of the small purse of gold that he had carried
+ in his girdle.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. Desirous of keeping the vow he had made, he summoned his
+ officers, and commanded them to make immediate distribution
+ to the poor, of all that the treasury contained, at the time
+ of his return.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. But his officers, more miserly than himself, and, fearful
+ that they might fall short in their salaries and pensions,
+ began to urge upon the monarch the folly of keeping this rash
+ vow, and the danger of thus involving himself and his kingdom
+ in difficulties.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. Finding he still remained firm, they took other grounds,
+ and plausibly argued that the troops and other officials
+ needed aid as well as the poor; and, as by the <i>words</i>
+ of his vow, he had bound himself to distribute the contents
+ of the treasury to those who had claim to relief, the public
+ servants certainly came within the required limits.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. Bewildered by their false logic, and sincerely desirous of
+ doing right, he appealed to a certain sage who dwelt near the
+ royal palace, and determined to abide by his decision.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. The sage, after hearing the case, only asked the following
+ simple question: "Of whom were you thinking when you made the
+ vow,&mdash;the poor, or the public servants?" The monarch
+ replied, "Of the poor." "Then," answered the sage, "it is to
+ the <i>poor</i> you are bound to distribute these funds; for
+ you are not <i>really</i> fulfilling your vow, unless you do
+ that which you intended to do when it was made." The king was
+ satisfied that this was the right decision, and did as the
+ sage advised.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. Let the young bear in mind that God is a being of truth,
+ requiring truth in the inward heart; and, if they would have
+ His approval, and that of their own consciences, they must
+ avoid not only the <i>outward</i> appearance of falsehood,
+ but the slightest evasion or deceit; and when promises have
+ been made, fulfill not only the <i>letter</i>, but the
+ <i>spirit</i> of that which they agreed to perform.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. Beware of the first and slightest departure from truth,
+ of the least endeavor to deceive, and even of the desire to
+ have others believe what is not so. Let your motto be,
+ <i>"The truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the
+ truth."</i>
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What happened to a certain Persian king?
+ 2. What vow did he then make? 3. What objection did his
+ officers make to this? 4. What did the king then do? 5. What
+ was the sage's decision? 6. What motto ought you to adopt? 7.
+ What rule for spelling the word <i>traveling</i> with one
+ <i>l</i>? See SANDERS &amp; McELLIGOTT'S ANALYSIS, page 13,
+ Rule 10.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson25"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXV.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ EN TIC' ES, allures; leads astray.<br>
+ PRE TEXT, pretense; false reason.<br>
+ PRO FANE, pollute; defile,<br>
+ TEMP TA' TION, allurement.<br>
+ IN' LY, within; in the heart.<br>
+ DE CLARES, says; asserts.<br>
+ CHAFE, vex; provoke.<br>
+ MAL' ICE, hatred; malevolence.<br>
+ AV' A RICE, excessive love of money.<br>
+ FORE GO', give up; renounce.<br>
+ MAM' MON, god of wealth; riches.<br>
+ IN DIG' NANT, with anger; disdainfully.<br>
+ LU' CRE, gain; profit.<br>
+ EM PRISE', enterprise; undertaking.<br>
+ SURE' TY, security.<br>
+ O VER THROW', subvert; destroy.<br>
+ CON TEMPT', scorn; disdain.<br>
+ SOR' CER ESS, enchantress.<br>
+ EX PEL', (EX, <i>out</i>; PEL, <i>to drive</i>) drive out;
+ banish.<br>
+ RE SIST', (RE, <i>again</i>; SIST, <i>to stand</i>,) stand
+ again; hence, to withstand.
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ See SANDERS and McELLIGOTT'S ANALYSIS, page 90, Ex. 113;
+ also, page 110, Ex. 142.
+ </p>
+ <h4>
+ WHEN SHALL I ANSWER NO?
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ J.N. McELLIGOTT.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ 1. When FALSEHOOD fair entices thee
+ Against the truth to go,
+ No matter what the pretext be,
+ Be thy firm answer,&mdash;No!
+ 2. When RASHNESS would thy tongue profane
+ With language vile and low,
+ O, make the gross temptation vain,
+ By answering inly,&mdash;No!
+ 3. When PRIDE the silly wish declares,
+ That thou should'st fashion know,
+ And lifts thy head with empty airs,
+ Be wise, and answer,&mdash;No!
+ 4. When ENVY would thy spirit chafe,
+ That others prosper so,
+ On calm contentment resting safe,
+ Expel her with a&mdash;No!
+ 5. When MALICE foul, or deadly HATE,
+ Would turn thee on a foe,
+ And dark, revengeful thirst create,
+ In horror answer,&mdash;No!
+ 6. When sluggish SLEEP, with folded arms,
+ Would make thee health forego,
+(<i>''</i>) Rise up at once, resist her charms;
+<i>Act out</i> the answer,&mdash;No!
+ 7. When AVARICE would, with heartless speed,
+ Shout out the sight of woe,
+ And whisper joy from Mammon's greed,
+ Indignant answer,&mdash;No!
+ 8. When filthy LUCRE lifts her hand,
+ Ungodly gains to show,
+ Though she should promise all the land,
+ Be thy prompt answer,&mdash;No!
+ 9. When greedy GAIN, or rash EMPRISE,
+ Would have thee surety go,
+ Keep Wisdom's words[Footnote 1] before thine eyes,
+ And firmly answer,&mdash;No!
+ 10. When mad AMBITION would seduce,
+ The <i>right</i> to overthrow,
+ And turn the selfish passions loose,
+ In mercy answer,&mdash;No!
+ 11. When foul CONTEMPT of Holy Writ
+ Would in thy bosom sow
+ The wish to be where scorners sit,[Footnote 2]
+ Let Conscience answer,&mdash;No!
+ 12. When SIN, indeed, whate'er her style,
+ Would have thee with her go;
+ Stay not to hear the Sorceress vile,
+ But leave her with a&mdash;No!
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ [Footnote 1: Prov., 11th Chap., 15th verse.]
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ [Footnote 2: 1st Psalm, 1st verse.]
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson26"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXVI.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ PE RUSE', read; study.<br>
+ AL LOT' TED, assigned.<br>
+ ME RID' I AN, noon; mid-day.<br>
+ GEN' U INE, true; real.<br>
+ ART' FUL, cunning; crafty.<br>
+ MIM' ICK ED, pretended; counterfeited.<br>
+ PRE SIDE', have sway or rule.<br>
+ DE MER' IT, ill-desert; defect.<br>
+ RU' BY, precious stone.<br>
+ PUP' PET, little image.<br>
+ DE TER' MINE, decide; find out.<br>
+ ER' MINE, fine fur&mdash;(of the ermine.)<br>
+ CAP' TOR, one who takes a prize.<br>
+ SCEP' TERS, emblems of authority.<br>
+ CHA' RY, careful; wary.<br>
+ MYS' TIC, secret; mysterious.
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ We have seldom seen any thing so full of wit, truth, and
+ practical wisdom, as this poem inscribed.
+ </p>
+ <h4>
+ TO MASTERS ROBERT AND JOHN.
+ </h4>
+ <pre>
+ 1. Take this book, my boys,
+ Earnestly peruse it;
+ Much of after lies
+ In the way ye use it:
+ Keep it neat and clean;
+ For, remember, in it,
+ Every stain that's seen,
+ Marks a thoughtless minute.
+ 2. Life is like a book,
+ Time is like a printer,
+ Darting now his look
+ Where has gloomed no winter.
+ Thus he'll look, and on,
+ Till each page allotted,
+ Robert, thee and John,
+ Printed be or blotted.
+ 3. Youth's a sunny beam,
+ Dancing o'er a river,
+ With a flashing gleam,
+ Then away forever.
+ Use it while ye may,
+ Not in childish mourning,&mdash;
+ Not in childish play,
+ But in <i>useful learning</i>.
+ 4. As your years attain
+ Life's meridian brightness,
+ Hourly seek and gain
+<i>Genuine politeness:</i>
+ This lives not in forms,
+ As too many teach us,&mdash;
+ Not in open arms,
+ Not in silken speeches,
+ 5. Not in haughty eye,
+ Not in artful dealing,
+ Not within the sigh
+ Of a mimicked feeling:
+ But its lights preside
+ Rich in nature's splendor,
+ Over honest pride,
+ Gentleness and candor.
+ 6. Slight ye not the soul
+ For the frame's demerit;
+ Oft a shattered bowl
+ Holds a mighty spirit:
+ Never search a breast
+ By thy ruby's glances;
+ Pomp's a puppet guest,
+ Danced by circumstances.
+ 7. What is good and great,
+ Sense can soon determine;
+ Prize it though ye meet,
+ Or in rags or ermine.
+ Fortune's truly blind;
+ Fools may be her captors;
+ But the <i>wealth of mind</i>
+ Stands above their scepters.
+ 8. Value not the lips
+ Swiftest kept in motion,
+ Fleetly-sailing ships
+ Draw no depth of ocean:
+ Snatch the chary gleam,
+ From the cautious knowing
+ For the deepest stream
+ Scarcely lisps 'tis flowing.
+ 9. Cull from bad and good
+ Every seeming flower,
+ Store it up as food
+ For some hungry hour:
+ Press its every leaf,
+ And remember, Johnny,
+ Even weeds the chief
+ May have drops of honey.
+10. Pomp and power alone
+ Never make a blessing;
+ Seek not e'en a throne
+ By one wretch distressing.
+ Better toil a slave
+ For the blood-earned penny,
+ Than be rich, and have
+ A curse on every guinea.
+11. Think, my gentle boys,
+ Every man a brother!
+<i>That's where honor lies,</i>
+ Nay, but <i>greatness</i> rather:
+ One's the mystic whole,
+ Lordly flesh won't know it;
+ But the kingly soul,
+ Sees but vice below it.
+12. Robert, thoughts like these,
+ Store you more than money;
+ Read them not to please,
+ But to practice, Johnny.
+ Artless though their dress,
+ As an infant's dimple,
+<i>Truth is none the less</i>
+<i>For being truly simple.</i>
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What did the writer tell Robert and John
+ to do with the book, given them? 2. What use did he tell them
+ to make of Youth?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson27"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXVII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ AV A RI'' CIOUS, greedy after gain.<br>
+ IN' TI MATE, close in friendship.<br>
+ EA' GER NESS, ardent desire.<br>
+ FRU GAL' I TY, wise economy.<br>
+ AC QUI SI'' TIONS, gains.<br>
+ AF' FLU ENCE, great wealth.<br>
+ SUC' CES SION, regular order.<br>
+ MOIL' ING, drudging; laboring.<br>
+ DIS CON TIN' U ED, ceased.<br>
+ AS SI DU' I TY, untiring diligence.<br>
+ DIS GUST' ED, greatly dissatisfied.<br>
+ IN DULG' ED, gratified.<br>
+ MON' STROUS, very large.<br>
+ SUC CEED' ING, following.<br>
+ MAT' TOCK, pick-ax.<br>
+ UN DER MINE', dig under.<br>
+ O' MEN, sign; token.<br>
+ IM AG' IN ED, conceived.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ WHANG, THE MILLER.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ GOLDSMITH.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. Whang, the miller, was naturally avaricious; nobody loved
+ money better than he, or more respected those that had it.
+ When people would talk of a rich man in company, Whang would
+ say, "<i>I</i> know him very well, <i>he</i> and <i>I</i>
+ have been very long acquainted; <i>he</i> and <i>I</i> are
+ intimate."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. But, if a poor man was mentioned, he had not the least
+ knowledge of the man; he might be very well, for aught
+ <i>he</i> knew; but he was not fond of making many
+ acquaintances, and loved to choose his company.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. Whang, however, with all his eagerness for riches, was
+ poor. He had nothing but the profits of his mill to support
+ him; but, though these were small, they were certain: while
+ it stood and went, he was sure of eating; and his frugality
+ was such, that he, every day, laid some money by; which he
+ would, at intervals, count and contemplate with much
+ satisfaction.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. Yet still his acquisitions were not equal to his desires;
+ he only found himself above want; whereas he desired to be
+ possessed of affluence. One day, as he was indulging these
+ wishes, he was informed that a neighbor of his had found a
+ pan of money under ground, having dreamed of it three nights
+ in succession.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. These tidings were daggers to the heart of poor Whang.
+ "Here am I," said he, "toiling and moiling from morning till
+ night for a few paltry farthings, while neighbor Thanks only
+ goes quietly to bed, and dreams himself into thousands before
+ morning. Oh, that I could dream like him! With what pleasure
+ would I dig round the pan! How slyly would I carry it home!
+ Not even my wife should see me! And then, oh the pleasure of
+ thrusting one's hands into a heap of gold up to the elbows!"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. Such reflections only served to make the miller unhappy.
+ He discontinued his former assiduity; he was quite disgusted
+ with small gains; and his customers began to forsake him.
+ Every day he repeated the wish, and every night laid himself
+ down in order to dream. Fortune, that was for a long time
+ unkind, at last, however, seemed to smile upon his distress,
+ and indulged him with the wished-for vision.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. He dreamed that under a certain part of the foundation of
+ his mill, there was concealed a monstrous pan of gold and
+ diamonds, buried deep in the ground, and covered with a large
+ flat stone. He concealed his good luck from every person, as
+ is usual in money-dreams, in order to have the vision
+ repeated the two succeeding nights, by which he should be
+ certain of its truth. His wishes in this, also, were
+ answered; he still dreamed of the same pan of money, in the
+ very same place.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. Now, therefore, it was past a doubt; so, getting up early
+ the third morning, he repaired, alone, with a mattock in his
+ hand, to the mill, and began to undermine that part of the
+ wall to which the vision directed. The first omen of success
+ that he met with, was a broken ring; digging still deeper, he
+ turned up a house-tile, quite new and entire.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. At last, after much digging, he came to a broad flat
+ stone; but then it was so large, that it was beyond his
+ strength to remove it. "<i>There</i>," cried he in raptures
+ to himself, "<i>there it is!</i> under this stone, there is
+ room for a very large pan of diamonds indeed. I must e'en go
+ home to my wife, and tell her the whole affair, and get her
+ to assist me in turning it up." Away, therefore, he goes, and
+ acquaints his wife with every circumstance of their good
+ fortune.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. Her raptures, on this occasion, may easily be imagined;
+ she flew round his neck, and embraced him in an agony of joy.
+ But these transports, however, did not allay their eagerness
+ to know the exact sum; returning, together, to the place
+ where Whang had been digging, there they found&mdash;not,
+ indeed, the expected treasure&mdash;but the mill, their only
+ support, undermined and fallen!
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. Upon what was Whang, the miller,
+ dependent for support? 2. Why was he not satisfied? 3. What
+ did he say to himself, after the information he had received
+ from a neighbor? 4. What effect had such reflections upon
+ him? 5. What did he dream three nights successively? 6. What
+ did he do? 7. What was the result?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson28"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXVIII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ PO LITE' NESS, good manners.<br>
+ FI DEL' I TY, faithfulness.<br>
+ IN CU BA' TION, act of hatching eggs.<br>
+ REC RE A' TION, pastime; amusement.<br>
+ DE MURE' LY, gravely; with affected modesty.<br>
+ AP PRE CI A' TION, estimate.<br>
+ LITHE, nimble; flexible.<br>
+ EX' IT, departure; going out.<br>
+ ARCH' I TECTS, (<i>ch</i>, like <i>k</i>,) builders.<br>
+ SA LI' VA, spittle.<br>
+ SE CRETE', to deposit; produce.<br>
+ CON'' GRE GATE, collect together.<br>
+ FLEDG' ED, furnished with feathers.<br>
+ DO MAIN', realm; kingdom.<br>
+ AC COM MO DA' TIONS, conveniences.<br>
+ MI' GRATE, remove; travel.<br>
+ SPHERE, (<i>ph</i> like <i>f</i>,) circuit of action.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ CHIMNEY-SWALLOWS.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ HENRY WARD BEECHER.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. Every one knows, who lives in the country, what a
+ chimney-swallow is. They are among the birds that seem to
+ love the neighborhood of man. Many birds there are, that
+ nestle confidingly in the protection of their superiors, and
+ are seldom found nesting or breeding far from human
+ habitations.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. The wren builds close to your door. Sparrows and robins,
+ if well treated, will make their nests right under your
+ window, in some favorite tree, and will teach you, if you
+ choose to go into the business, how to build birds' nests.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. A great deal of politeness and fidelity may be learned.
+ The female bird is waited upon, fed, cheered with singing,
+ during her incubation, in a manner that might give lessons to
+ the household. Nay, when she needs exercise and recreation,
+ her husband very demurely takes her place, and keeps the eggs
+ warm in the most gentlemanly way.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. Barn-swallows have a very sensible appreciation of the
+ pleasures of an ample barn. A barn might not be found quite
+ the thing to live in, (although we have seen many a place
+ where we would take the barn sooner than the house,) but it
+ is one of the most charming places in a summer-day to lounge,
+ read, or nap in.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. And, as you lie on your back upon the sweet-scented
+ hay-mow, or upon clean straw thrown down on the great floor,
+ reading books of natural history, it is very pleasant to see
+ the flitting swallows glance in and out, or course about
+ under the roof, with motion so lithe and rapid as to seem
+ more like the glancing of shadows than the winging of birds.
+ Their mud-nests are clean, if they <i>are</i> made of dirt;
+ and you would never dream, from their feathers, what sort of
+ a house they lived in.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. But, it was of <i>chimney-swallows</i> that we began to
+ write; and they are just now roaring in the little, stubbed
+ chimney behind us, to remind us of our duty. Every evening we
+ hear them; for a nest of young ones brings the parents in
+ with food, early and late, and every entrance or exit is like
+ a distant roll of thunder, or like those old-fashioned
+ rumblings of high winds in the chimney, which made us
+ children think that all out-of-doors was coming down the
+ chimney in stormy nights.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. These little architects build their simple nests upon the
+ sides of the chimney with sticks, which they are said to
+ break off from dead branches of trees, though they might more
+ easily pick them up already prepared. But they, doubtless,
+ have their own reasons for cutting their own timber. Then
+ these are glued to the wall by a saliva which they secrete,
+ so that they carry their mortar in their mouths, and use
+ their bills for trowels.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. When the young are ready to leave, they climb up the
+ chimney to the top, by means of their sharp claws, aided by
+ their tail-feathers, which are short, stiff, and at the end
+ armed with sharp spines. Two broods are reared in a season.
+ From the few which congregate in any one neighborhood, one
+ would not suspect the great numbers which assemble at the end
+ of the season. Audubon estimated that <i>nine thousand</i>
+ entered a large sycamore-tree, every night, to roost, near
+ Louisville, Kentucky.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. Sometimes the little nest has been slighted in building,
+ or the weight proves too great, and down it comes into the
+ fire-place, to the great amusement of the children, who are
+ all a-fever to hold in their hands these clean, bright-eyed
+ little fellows. Who would suspect that they had ever been
+ bred in such a flue?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. And it was just this thought that set us to writing.
+ Because a bird lives in a chimney, he need not be
+ <i>smutty</i>. There is many a fine feather that lives in a
+ chimney-corner. Nor are birds the <i>only</i> instances. Many
+ men are born in a garret, or in a cellar, who fly out of it,
+ as soon as fledged, as fine as any body. A lowly home has
+ reared many high natures.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11. On these bare sticks, right against the bricks, in this
+ smoky flue, the eggs are laid, the brooding goes on, the
+ young are hatched, fed, grown. But then comes the day when
+ they spread the wing, and the whole heaven is theirs! From
+ morning to night, they can not touch the bounds of their
+ liberty!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 12. And, in like manner, it is with the human soul that has
+ learned to know its liberty. Born in a body, pent up, and
+ cramped, it seems imprisoned in a mere smoky flue for
+ passions. But, when once faith has taught the soul that it
+ has wings, then it begins to fly; and flying, finds that all
+ God's domain is its liberty.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 13. And, as the swallow that comes back to roost in its hard
+ hole at night, is quite content, so that the morning gives it
+ again all the bright heavens for its soaring-ground, so may
+ men, close quartered and cramped in bodily accommodations, be
+ quite patient of their narrow bounds, for their thoughts may
+ fly out every day gloriously.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 14. And as, in autumn, these children of the chimney gather
+ in flocks, and fly away to heavens without a winter, so men
+ shall find a day when they, too, shall migrate; and, rising
+ into a higher sphere, without storm or winter, shall remember
+ the troubles of this mortal life, as birds in Florida may be
+ supposed to remember the northern chills, which drove them
+ forth to a fairer clime.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What birds seem to love the neighborhood
+ of man? 2. In what respects may men be like birds?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson29"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXIX.
+ </h3>
+ <p>
+ The first part of each verse, or that portion read by the
+ <i>First Voice</i>, should be expressed in a slow and
+ despondent tone of voice: the second part, or that read by
+ the <i>Second Voice</i>, should be expressed in a more
+ sprightly and cheerful manner.
+ </p>
+ <h4>
+ THE DOUBTING HEART.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ ADELAIDE A. PROCTER.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+FIRST VOICE.
+ 1. Where are the swallows fled?
+ Frozen and dead,
+Perchance, upon some bleak and stormy shore.
+SECOND VOICE.
+ O doubting heart!
+ Far over purple seas,
+ They wait, in sunny ease,
+ The balmy southern breeze,
+To bring them to their northern homes once more.
+FIRST VOICE.
+ 2. Why must the flowers die?
+ Poisoned they lie
+In the cold tomb, heedless of tears or rain.
+SECOND VOICE.
+ O doubting heart!
+ They only sleep below
+ The soft, white ermine snow,
+ While winter winds shall blow,
+To breathe and smile upon you soon again.
+FIRST VOICE.
+ 3. The sun has hid its rays
+ These many days;
+Will dreary hours never leave the earth?
+SECOND VOICE.
+ O doubting heart!
+ The stormy clouds on high
+ Vail the same sunny sky,
+ That soon, (for Spring is nigh,)
+Shall wake the Summer into golden mirth.
+FIRST VOICE.
+ 4. Fair Hope is dead, and light
+ Is quenched in night.
+What sound can break the silence of despair?
+SECOND VOICE.
+ O doubting heart!
+ The sky is overcast,
+ Yet stars shall rise at last,
+ Brighter for darkness past,
+And angels' silver voices stir the air.
+</pre>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson30"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXX.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ DECK'ED, dressed; arrayed.<br>
+ TRAIL'ING, hanging down; following one after another.<br>
+ UN FAIL'ING, constant; continually.<br>
+ UN PLI'ANT, stiff; unbending.<br>
+ DE FI'ANT, daring; bidding defiance.<br>
+ VES'PER, evening.<br>
+ CRISP'ER, more brittle.<br>
+ TREAS'URES, wealth; riches.<br>
+ MER'IT, desert; goodness.<br>
+ IN HER'IT, occupy; possess.<br>
+ MOR'SEL, bit; small piece.<br>
+ WAIL'ING, loudly lamenting.<br>
+ RAIL'ING, clamoring.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ THE COMING OF WINTER.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ T.B. READ.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+1. Autumn's sighing,
+ Moaning, dying,
+ Clouds are flying
+ On like steeds;
+ While their shadows
+ O'er the meadows.
+ Walk like widows
+ Decked in weeds.
+2. Red leaves trailing,
+ Fall unfailing,
+ Dropping, sailing,
+ From the wood,
+ That, unpliant,
+ Stands defiant,
+ Like a giant
+ Dropping blood.
+3. Winds are swelling
+ Round our dwelling,
+ All day telling
+ Us their woe;
+ And, at vesper,
+ Frosts grow crisper,
+ As they whisper
+ Of the snow.
+4. From th' unseen land,
+ Frozen inland,
+ Down from Greenland,
+ Winter glides,
+ Shedding lightness
+ Like the brightness
+ When moon-whiteness
+ Fills the tides.
+5. Now bright Pleasure's
+ Sparkling measures
+ With rare treasures
+ Overflow!
+ With this gladness
+ Comes what sadness!
+ Oh, what madness,
+ Oh, what woe!
+6. Even merit
+ May inherit
+ Some bare garret,
+ Or the ground;
+ Or, a worse ill,
+ Beg a morsel
+ At some door-sill,
+ Like a hound.
+7. Storms are trailing,
+ Winds are wailing,
+ Howling, railing,
+ At each door.
+ 'Midst this trailing
+ Howling, railing,
+ List the wailing
+ Of the poor!
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What is the first sign of the coming of
+ winter? 2. What, the second? 3. What, the third? 4. What are
+ some of the pleasures of winter? 5. What is said of the poor
+ in winter? 6. What is the use of the apostrophes in the words
+ <i>autumn's, o'er, pleasure's, 'midst,</i> &amp;c.?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson31"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXXI.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ LIVE' LONG, whole; entire.<br>
+ EAVES, edges of a roof.<br>
+ E' VEN TIDE, evening.<br>
+ STRIV' EN, struggled; contended.<br>
+ RE LIEV' ED, mitigated; alleviated.<br>
+ WRETCH' ED NESS, distress; destitution.<br>
+ OF FENSE', fault; crime.<br>
+ PEN' I TENCE, repentance; contrition.<br>
+ EL' O QUENT LY, forcibly; persuasively.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ CHILD TIRED OF PLAY.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ N.P. WILLIS.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ 1. Tired of play`! tired of play`!
+ What hast thou done this livelong day`?
+ The birds are silent&acute;, and so is the bee`;
+ The sun is creeping up steeple and tree`;
+ The doves have flown to the sheltering eaves&acute;,
+ And the nests are dark with the drooping leaves&acute;;
+ Twilight gathers&acute;, and day is done`,&mdash;
+ How hast them spent it`,&mdash;restless one&acute;?
+ 2. Playing`? But what hast thou done beside,
+ To tell thy mother at eventide`?
+ What promise of morn is left unbroken`?
+ What kind word to thy playmates spoken`?
+ Whom hast thou pitied, and whom forgiven`?
+ How with thy faults has duty striven`?
+ What hast thou learned by field and hill,
+ By greenwood path, and by singing rill`?
+ 3. There will come an eve to a longer day',
+ That will find thee tired`,&mdash;but not of play'!
+ And thou wilt lean, as thou leanest now,
+ With drooping limbs, and aching brow,
+ And wish the shadows would faster creep,
+ And long to go to thy quiet sleep.
+<i>Well</i> were it then, if thine aching brow
+ Were as free from sin and shame as now!
+<i>Well</i> for thee, if thy lip could tell
+ A tale like this, of <i>a day spent well</i>.
+ 4. If thine open hand hath relieved distress',&mdash;
+ If thy pity hath sprung to wretchedness',&mdash;
+ If thou hast forgiven the sore offense',
+ And humbled thy heart with penitence',&mdash;
+ If Nature's voices have spoken to thee
+ With her holy meanings eloquently',&mdash;
+ If every creature hath won thy love',
+ From the creeping worm to the brooding dove',&mdash;
+ If never a sad, low-spoken word
+ Hath pled with thy human heart unheard',&mdash;
+<i>Then</i>`, when the night steals on, as now,
+ It will bring relief to thine aching brow,
+ And, with joy and peace at the thought of rest,
+ Thou wilt sink to sleep on thy mother's breast.
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What had the child been doing? 2. What
+ questions did the mother ask? 3. What did she tell the child
+ would come? 4. What is meant by <i>eve to a longer day</i>,
+ third verse? 5. What, by <i>quiet sleep</i>, same verse? 6.
+ What ought we to do in life, in order to have a joyful and
+ peaceful death? 7. What rule for the rising inflection on
+ <i>restless one</i>, first verse? See page 32, Note I. 8.
+ What rule for the falling inflection on <i>playing</i>,
+ second verse? See page 29, Rule II. 9. What rule for the
+ rising inflections in the fourth verse? Rule V., page 31.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson32"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXXII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ NORTH-EAST' ERS, north-east winds.<br>
+ EX HAUST' ED, (<i>x</i> like <i>gz</i>,) tired out.<br>
+ VIG' I LANT, watchful.<br>
+ DE TECT' ED, discovered.<br>
+ LEE' WARD, pertaining to the part toward which the wind
+ blows.<br>
+ RE CED' ING, retiring; passing away.<br>
+ BRILL' IAN CY, brightness; luster.<br>
+ TILL' ER, bar used to turn the rudder.<br>
+ TORT' URE, anguish of spirit.<br>
+ DE SERT' ED, relinquished; abandoned.<br>
+ RA PID' I TY, speed; swiftness.<br>
+ EN VEL' OP ED, inclosed; covered.<br>
+ GEN' ER A TED, produced.<br>
+ LETH' AR GY, drowsiness; dullness.<br>
+ RES' CUE, deliverance.<br>
+ IN EV' I TA BLY, surely; certainly.<br>
+ ES PY' ING, seeing; discovering.<br>
+ CON' TACT, (CON, <i>together</i>; TAC, <i>touch</i>,) a
+ touching together; close union.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ THE RESCUE.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ BY A SEA CAPTAIN.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. On a bright moonlight night, in the month of February,
+ 1831, when it was intensely cold, the little brig which I
+ commanded, lay quietly at her anchors, inside of Sandy Hook.
+ We had had a hard time, beating about for eleven days off
+ this coast, with cutting north-easters blowing, and snow and
+ sleet falling for the most part of that time.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. Forward, the vessel was thickly coated with ice, and it
+ was hard work to handle her; as the rigging and sails were
+ stiff, and yielded only when the strength of the men was
+ exerted to the utmost. When we, at length, made the port, all
+ hands were worn down and exhausted.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. "A bitter cold night, Mr. Larkin," I said to my mate, as I
+ tarried for a short time upon deck. The worthy down-easter
+ buttoned his coat more tightly around him, and, looking up to
+ the moon, replied, "It's a whistler, captain; and nothing can
+ live comfortably out of blankets to-night."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. "The tide is running out swift and strong, and it will be
+ well to keep a sharp look-out for this floating ice, Mr.
+ Larkin," said I, as I turned to go below. "Ay, ay, sir,"
+ responded the faithful mate.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. About two hours afterward, I was aroused from a sound
+ sleep by the vigilant officer. "Excuse me for disturbing you,
+ captain," said he, as he detected an expression of vexation
+ in my face, "but I wish you would turn out, and come on deck
+ as soon as possible."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. "What's the matter, Mr. Larkin," said I. "Why, sir, I have
+ been watching a large cake of ice, which swept by at a
+ distance, a moment ago; and I saw something black upon it,
+ something that I thought moved. The moon is under a cloud,
+ and I could not see distinctly; but I believe there is a
+ child floating out to the sea, this freezing night, on that
+ cake of ice."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. We were on deck before either spoke another word. The mate
+ pointed out, with no little difficulty, the cake of ice
+ floating off to the leeward, with its white, glittering
+ surface broken by a black spot. "Get the glass, Mr. Larkin,"
+ said I; "the moon will be out of that cloud in a moment, and
+ then we can see distinctly."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. I kept my eye upon the receding mass of ice, while the
+ moon was slowly working her way through a heavy bank of
+ clouds. The mate stood by me with the glass; and when the
+ full light fell upon the water with a brilliancy only known
+ in our northern latitudes, I put the glass to my eye. One
+ glance was enough.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. (<i>''</i>)"<i>Forward, there!</i>" I hailed at the top of
+ my voice; and, with one bound, I reached the main hatch, and
+ began to clear away the little cutter, which was stowed in
+ the ship's yawl. Mr. Larkin had taken the glass to look for
+ himself, "<i>There are two children on that cake of ice!</i>"
+ he exclaimed, as he hastened to assist me in getting out the
+ boat.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. The men answered my hail, and walked quickly aft. In a
+ short space of time, we launched the cutter, into which Mr.
+ Larkin and myself jumped, followed by the two men, who took
+ the oars. I rigged the tiller, and the mate sat beside me in
+ the stern sheets.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11. "Do you see that cake of ice with something black upon
+ it, my lads? Put me alongside of that, and I'll give you a
+ month's extra wages when you are paid off," said I to the
+ men.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 12. They bent to their oars, but their strokes were uneven
+ and feeble; for they were worn out by the hard duty of the
+ preceding fortnight; and, though they did their best, the
+ boat made little more headway than the tide. It was a losing
+ chase, and Mr. Larkin, who was suffering torture as he saw
+ how little we gained, cried out, "<i>Pull, lads! I'll double
+ the captain's prize: two months' extra pay: pull, lads! pull
+ for life!</i>"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 13. A convulsive effort at the oars told how willing the men
+ were to obey; but the strength of the strong man was gone.
+ One of the poor fellows washed us twice in recovering his
+ oar, and then gave out; and the other was nearly as far gone.
+ Mr. Larkin sprang forward and seized the deserted oar. "Lie
+ down in the bottom of the boat," said he to the man; "and,
+ captain, take the other oar; we must row for ourselves."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 14. I took the second man's place. Larkin had stripped off
+ his coat, and, as he pulled the bow, I waited for the signal
+ stroke. It came gently, but firm; and the next moment we were
+ pulling a long, steady stroke; gradually increasing in
+ rapidity, until the wood seemed to smoke in the row-locks. We
+ kept time, each by the long, deep breathing of the other.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 15. Such a pull! We bent forward until our faces almost
+ touched our knees; and then throwing all our strength into
+ the backward movement, drew on the oar until every inch
+ covered by the sweep was gained. Thus we worked at the oars
+ for fifteen minutes; and it seemed to me as many hours. The
+ sweat rolled off in great drops, and I was enveloped in a
+ steam generated from my own body.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 16. "Are we almost up to it, Mr. Larkin?" I gasped out.
+ "Almost, captain," said he: "and <i>don't give up!</i> for
+ the love of our dear little ones at home: <i>don't give
+ up</i>, captain!" The oars flashed as their blades turned up
+ to the moonlight, for the men who plied them were fathers,
+ and had fathers' hearts.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 17. Suddenly Mr. Larkin ceased pulling; and my heart, for a
+ moment, almost stopped its beating; for the terrible thought
+ that he had given out, crossed my mind. But I was re-assured
+ by his voice, (<i>p</i>) "Gently, captain, gently: a stroke
+ or two more: there, that will do;" and the next moment Mr.
+ Larkin sprang upon the ice. I started up, and, calling to the
+ men to make fast the boat to the ice, followed him.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 18. We ran to the dark spot in the center of the mass, and
+ found two little boys. The head of the smaller was resting in
+ the bosom of the larger; and both were fast asleep. The
+ lethargy, which would have been fatal but for the timely
+ rescue, had overcome them.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 19. Mr. Larkin grasped one of the lads, cut off his shoes,
+ tore off his jacket, and then, loosening his own garments to
+ the skin, placed the cold child in contact with his own warm
+ body, carefully wrapping his overcoat around him. I did the
+ same with the other child, and we then returned to the boat.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 20. The children, as we learned when we had the delight of
+ restoring them to their parents, were playing on the cake of
+ ice, which had jammed into a bend of the river, about ten
+ miles above New York. A movement of the tide set the ice in
+ motion, and the little fellows were borne away, that cold
+ night, and would have inevitably perished, but for Mr.
+ Larkin's espying them as they were sweeping out to sea.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 21. "How do you feel, Mr. Larkin?" I said to the mate, the
+ morning after this adventure. "A little stiff in the arms,
+ captain," the noble fellow replied, while the big tears of
+ grateful happiness gathered in his eyes,&mdash;"a little
+ stiff in the arms, captain, but very easy here," laying his
+ hand on the rough chest in which beat a true and manly heart.
+ My quaint down-easter, He who lashes the seas into fury, and
+ lets loose the tempest, will care for thee! The storms may
+ rage without, but in <i>thy</i> bosom peace and sunshine
+ abide always.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. Describe the condition of the vessel as
+ she lay at anchor inside Sandy Hook. 2. What did the captain
+ say to Mr. Larkin, as he retired to rest? 3. Why did Mr.
+ Larkin wake up the captain? 4. What did they discover on a
+ cake of ice, floating out to sea? 5. Who went to their
+ rescue? 6. What did the captain say to the rowers of the
+ boat? 7. What did Mr. Larkin say to them? 8. Did they finally
+ succeed in rescuing the children? 9. How came the two boys to
+ be on that cake of ice? 10. What did Mr. Larkin say, when the
+ captain asked him how he felt?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson33"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXXIII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ A DORN' ED, decorated; embellished.<br>
+ SPOILS, booty; prey.<br>
+ ANT' LERS, branching horns.<br>
+ SUS PEND' ED, hung; atatched.<br>
+ DIS TRACT' ED, disturbed; disordered.<br>
+ FU' GI TIVE, runaway; wanderer.<br>
+ BE SET', hemmed in; surrounded.<br>
+ TRAI' TORS, betrayers.<br>
+ HEATH, place overgrown with shrubs.<br>
+ LIEGE, lord; sovereign.<br>
+ LOY' AL, true; faithful.<br>
+ FE' AL TY, loyalty; fidelity.<br>
+ MA' TRON, married woman.<br>
+ REC OG NIZ' ED, knew; recollected.<br>
+ IN VAD' ERS, persons invading.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ ROBERT BRUCE AND THE SCOTCH WOMAN.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ ANON.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. Many years ago, an old Scotch woman sat alone, spinning by
+ the kitchen fire, in her little cottage. The room was adorned
+ with the spoils of the chase, and many implements of war and
+ hunting. There were spears, bows and arrows, swords, and
+ shields; and, against the side of the room, hung a pair of
+ huge antlers, once reared on the lordly brow of a "stag of
+ ten," [Footnote: That is, a stag ten years old. The age of
+ the animal is known by the number of prongs or tines, each
+ year one new prong being added.] on which were suspended
+ skins, plaids, bonnets, and one or two ponderous battle-axes.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. The table, in the middle of the floor, was spread for
+ supper, and some oatmeal cakes were baking before the fire.
+ But the dame was not thinking of any of <i>these things</i>,
+ nor of her two manly sons, who, in an adjoining room, were
+ busily preparing for the next day's sport.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. She was thinking of the distracted state of her native
+ land, and of the good king, Robert Bruce, a fugitive in his
+ own kingdom, beset, on every hand, by open enemies and secret
+ traitors. "Alas!" thought she, "to-night I dwell here in
+ peace, while to-morrow may see me driven out into the heath;
+ and even now our king is a wanderer, with no shelter for his
+ weary limbs."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. A loud knock at the door broke in upon her musings. She
+ rose, trembling with fear, to unbar the entrance, and beheld
+ a man closely muffled in a cloak. "My good woman," said he,
+ "will you grant a poor traveler the shelter of your roof
+ to-night'?"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. "Right willingly will I," said she; "for the love of
+ <i>one</i>, for whose sake all travelers are welcome here."
+ 6. "For whose sake is it that you make all wanderers
+ welcome?" asked the stranger.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. "For the sake of our good king, Robert Bruce, who, though
+ he is now hunted like a wild beast, with horn and hound, I
+ trust yet to see on the throne of Scotland!"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. "Nay, then, my good woman," replied the man, "since you
+ love him so well, know that you see him now <i>I</i> am
+ Robert Bruce."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. "<i>You'!</i>&mdash;are <i>you</i> our king'?" she
+ inquired, sinking on her knees, and reverently kissing his
+ hand; "where, then, are your followers, and why are you thus
+ alone?"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. "I have no followers now," replied Bruce, "and am,
+ therefore, compelled to travel alone."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11. "Nay, my liege," exclaimed the loyal dame, "that you
+ shall do no longer; for here are my two sons, whom I give to
+ you, and may they long live to serve and defend your
+ majesty!"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 12. The Scottish youths bent their knees, and took the oath
+ of fealty; and then, sitting beside the fire, the king
+ entered into conversation with his new retainers, while their
+ mother was busied in preparing the evening meal.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 13. Suddenly, they were startled by the tramp of horses'
+ hoofs, and the voices of men. "'<i>Tis the English!</i>"
+ shouted the matron, "<i>fight to the last, my sons, and
+ defend your king!</i>" But, at this moment, the king
+ recognized the voices of Lord James, of Douglas, and of
+ Edward Bruce, and bade them have no fear.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 14. Bruce was overjoyed at meeting with his brother, and his
+ faithful friend Douglas, who had with them a band of one
+ hundred and fifty men. He bade farewell to the brave and
+ loyal woman, and, taking with him her two sons, left the
+ place.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 15. The two young Scots served Bruce well and faithfully, and
+ were high officers in his service when, at the head of a
+ conquering army, he drove the English invaders from the soil
+ of Scotland, and rendered her again a <i>free and independent
+ kingdom</i>.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. Describe the room in which the Scotch
+ woman resided. 2, What is meant by a "<i>stag of ten?</i>" 3.
+ Who did the stranger prove to be? 4. Who joined Bruce? 5.
+ What did Bruce and his men then do?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson34"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXXIV.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ PROS PER' ITY, success; good fortune.<br>
+ DIG' NI FIES, elevates; ennobles.<br>
+ SUS TAIN' ED, endured; suffered.<br>
+ AD VERS' I TY, calamity; misfortune.<br>
+ UN ERR' ING, sure; certain.<br>
+ FOR LORN', forsaken; wretched.<br>
+ CAN' O PY, covering overhead.<br>
+ EI DER DOWN, fine, soft feathers from the eider-duck.<br>
+ DE VOID', destitute.<br>
+ IM MERS' ED, inwrapped; sunk.<br>
+ GOS' SA MER Y, like gossamer; filmy.<br>
+ RE COIL' ED, started back.<br>
+ FOIL' ED, frustrated; defeated.<br>
+ RO MANCE', fiction.<br>
+ TRIV' I AL, small; trifling.<br>
+ CON FIDE', trust; believe.<br>
+ AD' VERSE, contrary; opposite.<br>
+ PALM, token of victory.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ ROBERT BRUCE AND THE SPIDER.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ BERNARD BARTON.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ 1. Not in <i>prosperity's broad light</i>,
+ Can reason justly scan
+ The <i>sterling worth which</i>, viewed aright,
+<i>Most dignifies the man</i>.
+ Favored at once by wind and tide,
+ The skillful pilot well may guide
+ The bark in safety on;
+ Yet, when his harbor he has gained,
+ He who no conflict hath sustained,
+ No meed has fairly won.
+ 2. But in <i>adversity's dark hour</i>
+<i>Of peril and of fear,</i>
+ When clouds above the vessel lower,
+ With scarce one star to cheer;
+ When winds are loud, and waves are high,
+ And ocean, to a timid eye,
+ Appears the seaman's grave;
+ Amid the conflict, calm, unmoved,
+ By truth's unerring test is proved
+<i>The skillful and the brave.</i>
+ 3. For Scotland and her freedom's right
+ The Bruce his part had played;
+<i>In five successive fields of fight</i>
+<i>Been conquered and dismayed.</i>
+<i>Once more, against the English host</i>
+<i>His band he led, and once more lost</i>
+<i>The meed for which he fought;</i>
+ And now, from battle faint and worn,
+ The homeless fugitive forlorn
+ A hut's lone shelter sought.
+ 4. And cheerless was that resting-place
+ For him who claimed a throne;
+ His canopy, devoid of grace,&mdash;
+ The rude, rough beams alone;
+ The heather couch his only bed,
+ Yet well I know had slumber fled
+ From couch of eider down;
+ Through darksome night to dawn of day,
+ Immersed in wakeful thought he lay,
+ Of Scotland and her crown.
+ 5. The sun rose brightly, and its gleam
+ Fell on that hapless bed,
+ And tinged with light each shapeless beam
+ Which roofed the lowly shed;
+ When, looking up with wistful eye,
+ The Bruce beheld a spider try
+ His filmy thread to fling
+ From beam to beam of that rude cot;
+ And well the insect's toilsome lot
+ Taught Scotland's future king.
+ 6. Six times his gossamery thread
+ The wary spider threw:
+ In vain the filmy line was sped;
+ For, powerless or untrue,
+ Each aim appeared and back recoiled
+ The patient insect, <i>six times foiled</i>,
+ And yet unconquered still;
+ And soon the Bruce, with eager eye,
+ Saw him prepare once more to try
+ His courage, strength, and skill.
+ 7. <i>One effort more, the seventh and last</i>,&mdash;
+ The hero hailed the sign!
+ And on the wished-for beam hung fast
+ The slender, silken line.
+ Slight as it was, his spirit caught
+ The more than omen; for his thought
+ The lesson well could trace,
+ Which even "he who runs may read,"
+ That <i>perseverance gains its meed</i>,
+ And <i>patience wins the race</i>.
+ 8. Is it a tale of mere romance'?
+ Its moral is the same,&mdash;
+ A light and trivial circumstance'?
+ Some thought, it still may claim.
+ Art thou a father'? teach thy son
+ Never to deem that <i>all is done</i>,
+ While <i>aught remains untried</i>;
+ To hope, though every hope seems crossed,
+ And when his bark is tempest-tossed
+ Still calmly to confide.
+ 9. Hast thou been long and often foiled
+ (&lt;) By adverse wind and seas'?
+ And vainly struggled, vainly toiled,
+ For what some win with ease'?
+ Yet bear up heart, and hope, and will,
+ Nobly resolved to struggle still,
+ With patience persevere;
+ Knowing, when darkest seems the night,
+ The dawn of morning's glorious light
+ Is swiftly drawing near.
+10. Art thou a Christian? shall the frown
+ Of fortune cause dismay'?
+ The Bruce but won an <i>earthly crown</i>,
+ Which long hath passed away;
+ For thee a <i>heavenly crown</i> awaits;
+ For thee are oped the pearly gates,&mdash;
+ Prepared the deathless palm:
+ But bear in mind that <i>only those</i>
+<i>Who persevere unto the close,</i>
+<i>Can join in Victory's psalm</i>.
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. Will smooth seas and favoring gales make
+ a skillful mariner? 2. What will make skillful and brave men?
+ 3. In what respect is adversity better than prosperity? 4.
+ What story illustrates this fact? 5. How many times did the
+ spider try, before it succeeded? 6. In how many battles had
+ Bruce been defeated? 7. What important lesson is taught
+ youth? 8. What encouragement is given to the Christian?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson35"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXXV.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ PA' TRI OT' IC, having love of country.<br>
+ OB SER VA' TION, remark, expression.<br>
+ POP' U LAR, well received; prevailing.<br>
+ E QUAL' I TY, sameness of social position.<br>
+ AUD' I BLE, that may be heard.<br>
+ DE TER' MIN ED, fully resolved.<br>
+ HES' I TATE, scruple.<br>
+ BRA' VO, well done.<br>
+ BROILS, wrangles; quarrels.<br>
+ RENOWN' ED, famed; celebrated.<br>
+ O' DI OUS, hateful; offensive.<br>
+ COUNT' ESS, wife of a count or earl.<br>
+ FAG-END', the meaner part.<br>
+ NO BIL' I TY, noble rank.<br>
+ BUR LESQUE', (<i>burlesk',</i>) ridicule.<br>
+ HE RED' I TA RY, coming by descent.<br>
+ CON' STI TUTES, forms; composes.<br>
+ APH' O RISMS, precepts; maxims.<br>
+ TEM' PO RA RY, continuing for a time.<br>
+ BECK, sign with the hand; nod.
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ [Headnote 1: LA VA' TER, (John Gaspar,) a celebrated
+ physiognomist, that is, one skilled in the art of determining
+ character by the external features, born in Zurich, in 1741.]
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ That part of this dialogue uttered by Caroline, should be
+ read in a very earnest and spirited style,&mdash;that uttered
+ by Horace in a more grave, deliberate, and candid manner.
+ </p>
+ <h4>
+ WEALTH AND FASHION.
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ <i>Caroline</i>. What a pity it is that we are born under a
+ Republican government!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Horace</i>. Upon my word, Caroline, that is a patriotic
+ observation for an American.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Caroline</i>. Oh, I know that it is not a <i>popular</i>
+ one! We must all join in the cry of liberty and equality, and
+ bless our stars that we have neither kings nor emperors to
+ rule over us, and that our very first audible squeak was
+ republicanism. If we don't join in the shout, and hang our
+ caps on liberty-poles, we are considered monsters. For my
+ part, I am <i>tired</i> of it, and am determined to <i>say
+ what I think</i>. I <i>hate</i> republicanism; I hate liberty
+ and equality; and I don't hesitate to <i>declare</i> that I
+ am for monarchy. You may laugh, but I would say it at the
+ stake.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Horace</i>. Bravo, Caroline! You have almost run yourself
+ out of breath. You deserve to be prime minister to the king.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Caroline</i>. You mistake; I have no wish to mingle in
+ political broils, not even if I could be as renowned as Pitt
+ or Fox; but I must say, I think our equality is
+ <i>odious</i>. What do you think! To-day, the new
+ chamber-maid put her head into the door, and said, "Caroline,
+ your marm wants you!"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Horace</i>. <i>Excellent!</i> I suppose if ours were a
+ <i>monarchical</i> government, she would have bent to the
+ ground, or saluted your little foot, before she spoke.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Caroline</i>. No, Horace; you <i>know</i> there are no
+ such forms in this country.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Horace</i>. May I ask your highness what you <i>would</i>
+ like to be?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Caroline</i>. I should like to be a countess.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Horace</i>. Oh, you are moderate in your ambition! A
+ countess, now-a-days, is the fag-end of nobility.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Caroline</i>. Oh! but it sounds so
+ delightfully,&mdash;<i>"The young Countess Caroline!"</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Horace</i>. If <i>sound</i> is all, you shall have that
+ pleasure; we will call you <i>the young countess</i>.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Caroline</i>. That would be mere burlesque, Horace, and
+ would make one ridiculous.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Horace</i>. Nothing can be more inconsistent in us, than
+ aiming at titles.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Caroline</i>. For <i>us</i>, I grant you; but, if they
+ were <i>hereditary,</i> if we had been born to them, if they
+ came to us through belted knights and high-born dames,
+ <i>then</i> we might be proud to wear them. I never shall
+ cease to regret that I was not born under a monarchy.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Horace</i>. You seem to forget that all are not lords and
+ ladies in <i>royal</i> dominions. Suppose you should have
+ drawn your first breath among the <i>lower
+ classes</i>,&mdash;suppose it should have been your lot to
+ crouch and bend, or be trodden under foot by some titled
+ personage, whom in your heart you despised; what then?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Caroline</i>. You may easily suppose that I did not mean
+ to take <i>those</i> chances. No; I meant to be born among
+ the <i>higher</i> ranks.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Horace</i>. Your own reason must tell you, that <i>all</i>
+ can not be born among the <i>higher ranks</i>; for then the
+ <i>lower ones</i> would be wanting, which constitute the
+ comparison. Now, Caroline, is it not better to be born under
+ a government where there are no such ranks, and where <i>the
+ only nobility is talent and virtue'?</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Caroline</i>. Talent and virtue! I think <i>wealth</i>
+ constitutes our nobility, and the right of abusing each
+ other, our liberty.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Horace</i>. You are as fond of aphorisms as
+ Lavater[Headnote 1] was.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Caroline</i>. Let me ask you if our rich men, who ride in
+ their own carriages, who have fine houses, and who count by
+ millions, are not our <i>great</i> men?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Horace</i>. They have all the greatness that <i>money</i>
+ can buy; but this is very limited.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Caroline</i>. Well, in <i>my</i> opinion, <i>money is
+ power</i>.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Horace</i>. You mistake. Money may be <i>temporary
+ power</i>, but <i>talent</i> is <i>power itself</i>; and,
+ <i>when united with virtue, is godlike power</i>, before
+ which the mere man of millions quails.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Caroline</i>. Well, Horace, I really wish you the
+ possession of <i>talent</i>, and <i>principle</i>, and
+ <i>wealth</i> into the bargain. The latter, you think, will
+ follow the two former, simply at your beck;&mdash;you smile;
+ but <i>I</i> feel as determined in <i>my</i> way of thinking,
+ as <i>you</i> do in <i>yours</i>.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What is the subject of this dialogue? 2.
+ What did Caroline regret? 3. What reply did Horace make? 4.
+ What did Caroline wish to be? 5. What did Horace say
+ constituted true nobility?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson36"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXXVI.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ RE SERV'ING, keeping; retaining.<br>
+ AC CU' MU LA TED, collected.<br>
+ IN DIG NA' TION, angry feeling.<br>
+ RE SOURC' ES, means; funds.<br>
+ DIS SER TA' TION, discourse; essay.<br>
+ EX PAN' SION, enlargement.<br>
+ DE POS' IT ED, put; laid.<br>
+ EX ER' TION (<i>egs er shun</i>,) effort.<br>
+ JU DI' CIOUS, wise, prudent.<br>
+ VO CA' TION, business; employment.<br>
+ EU PHON' IC, agreeable; well-sounding.<br>
+ CO TEM' PO RA RIES, those living at the same time.<br>
+ DI GRES' SION, departure from the subject.<br>
+ PRE DIC' TIONS, prophecies.<br>
+ IM PELL' ED, driven forward.<br>
+ &nbsp;<br>
+ AR IS TOC' RA CY, (ARISTO, <i>the best</i>; CRACY,
+ <i>government</i>,) government by the best, or nobles. See
+ SANDERS' ANALYSIS, page 200, Ex. 283.
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ [Headnote 1: SOC' RA TES, the most celebrated philosopher of
+ antiquity, was born at Athens, 470 years before Christ. The
+ purity of his doctrines, and his independence of character,
+ rendered him popular with the most enlightened Athenians,
+ though they created him many enemies. He was <i>falsely
+ accused</i>, arraigned, and condemned to drink
+ <i>hemlock</i>, the juice of a poisonous plant. When the hour
+ to take the poison had come, the executioner handed him the
+ cup, with tears in his eyes. Socrates received it with
+ composure, drank it with unaltered countenance, and, in a few
+ moments, expired.]
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ [Headnote 2: DE MOS' THE NES, a great Grecian orator, who,
+ rather than fall into the hands of his enemies, destroyed
+ himself by taking poison. It is said that, when a youth, he
+ frequently declaimed on the sea-shore, while the waves were
+ roaring around him, in order to secure a large compass of
+ voice, and to accustom himself to the tumult of a popular
+ assembly.]
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ [Headnote 3: KING DA' VID, the sweet singer and poet of
+ Israel. For the interesting account of his triumph over
+ Goliath, the great champion of the Philistines, see I Sam.,
+ chap. 17.]
+ </p>
+ <h4>
+ MY FIRST JACK-KNIFE.
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ 1. I remember it well! Its horn handle, so smooth and clear,
+ glowing with the unmeaning, but magic word, "<i>Bunkum;</i>"
+ and the blade significantly inviting you to the test, by the
+ two monosyllables, "<i>Try me</i>."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. I know not how it is, but I never could take half the
+ comfort in any thing which I have since possessed, that I
+ took in this <i>jack-knife</i>. I earned it myself; and,
+ therefore, I had a feeling of independence; it was bought
+ with my <i>own money</i>,&mdash;not teazed out of my uncle,
+ or still kinder father,&mdash;<i>money</i> that I had
+ silently earned on the afternoons of those days set apart for
+ boys to amuse themselves.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. Yes! with a spirit of persevering industry and
+ self-denial, at which I now wonder, I went, every afternoon,
+ during "berry-time," and picked the ripened fruit with
+ eagerness; for my heart was in the task. I sold my berries,
+ and, carefully reserving the proceeds, shortly accumulated
+ enough to purchase the treasure, for which I so eagerly
+ longed.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. I went to one of the village-stores, and requested the
+ clerk to show me his jack-knives; but he, seeing that I was
+ only a boy, and thinking that I merely meant to amuse myself
+ in looking at the nicest, and wishing it was mine, told me
+ not to plague him, as he was otherwise engaged.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. I turned with indignation; but I felt the inward comfort
+ of a man who has <i>confidence</i> in his own resources, and
+ knows he has the power in his own hands. I quietly jingled
+ the money in my pockets, and went to the opposite store. I
+ asked for jack-knives, and was shown a lot fresh from the
+ city, which were temptingly laid down before me, and left for
+ me to select one, while the trader went to another part of
+ his store to wait upon an older customer. I looked over them,
+ opened them, breathed upon the blades, and shut them again.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. One was too hard to open, another had no spring; finally,
+ after examining them with all the judgment which, in my
+ opinion, the extent of the investment required, I selected
+ one with a hole through the handle; and, after a dissertation
+ with the owner upon jack-knives in general, and <i>this
+ one</i> in particular,&mdash;upon hawk-bill, and
+ dagger-blades,&mdash;and handles, iron, bone, and
+ buck-horn,&mdash;I succeeded in closing a bargain.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. I took the instrument I had purchased, and felt a sudden
+ expansion of my boyish frame! It was my world! I deposited it
+ in my pocket among other valuables,&mdash;twine, marbles,
+ slate-pencils, &amp;c. I went home to my father; I told him
+ how long I had toiled for it, and how eagerly I had spent
+ time, which others had allotted to play, to possess myself of
+ my treasure.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. My father gently chided me for not telling him of my
+ wants; but I observed his glistening eye turn affectionately
+ to my mother and then to me, and I thought that his manly
+ form seemed to straighten up and to look prouder than I had
+ ever before seen him. At any rate, he came to me, and,
+ patting my curly head, told me there was no object in life,
+ which was reasonably to be desired, that <i>honesty,
+ self-denial, well-directed industry</i>, and
+ <i>perseverance</i> would not place within my reach; and if,
+ through life, I carried the spirit of independent exertion
+ into practice, which I had displayed in the purchase of the
+ jack-knife, I should become a "<i>great man</i>."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. From that moment, I was a new being. I had discovered that
+ I could <i>rely upon myself</i>. I took my jack-knife, and
+ many a time, while cutting the walnut-saplings for my bow, or
+ the straight pine for my arrow, or carving my mimic ship, did
+ I muse upon these words of my father,&mdash;so deeply are the
+ kind expressions of a judicious parent engraven on the heart
+ and memory of boyhood.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. My knife was my constant companion. It was my carpenter,
+ my ship-builder, and my toy-manufacturer. It was out upon all
+ occasions, never amiss, and always "handy;" and, as I valued
+ it, I never let it part from me. I own my selfishness; I
+ would divide my apples among my playmates, my whole store of
+ marbles was at their service,&mdash;they might knock my bats,
+ kick my foot-ball as they chose; but I had no partnership of
+ enjoyments in my jack-knife. Its possession was connected in
+ my mind with something so <i>exclusive</i>, that I could not
+ permit another to take it for a moment. Oh! there is a wild
+ and delicious luxury in one's boyish anticipations and
+ youthful day-dreams!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11. If, however, the <i>use</i> of my jack-knife afforded me
+ pleasure, the idea of its possession was no less a source of
+ enjoyment. I was, for the time being, a little prince among
+ my fellows,&mdash;a perfect monarch. Let no one exclaim
+ against aristocracy; were we all perfectly <i>equal
+ to-day</i>, there would be an <i>aristocracy to-morrow</i>.
+ Talent, judgment, skill, tact, industry, perseverance, will
+ place some on the top, while the contrary attributes will
+ place others at the bottom of fortune's ever-revolving wheel!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 12. The plowman is an aristocrat, if he excels in his
+ vocation: he is an aristocrat, if he turns a better or a
+ straighter furrow than his neighbor. The poorest poet is an
+ aristocrat, if he writes more feelingly, in a purer language,
+ or with more euphonic jingle than his cotemporaries. The
+ fisherman is an aristocrat, if he wields his harpoon with
+ more skill, and hurls it with a deadlier energy than his
+ messmates, or has even learned to fix his bait more
+ alluringly on his barbed hook.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 13. All <i>have</i> had, and <i>still</i> have their foibles;
+ all have some possession, upon which they pride themselves,
+ and I was proud of my jack-knife! Spirit of Socrates,
+ [Headnote 1] forgive me! was there no pride in dying like a
+ philosopher'? Spirit of Demosthenes, [Headnote 2] forgive me!
+ was there no pride in your addresses to the boundless and
+ roaring ocean'? Spirit of David! [Headnote 3] was there no
+ pride in the deadly hurling of the smooth pebble, which sank
+ deep into the forehead of your enemy'?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 14. But I must take my jack-knife and <i>cut short</i> this
+ digression. Let no man say <i>this</i> or <i>that</i>
+ occurrence "will make <i>no difference fifty years
+ hence</i>,"&mdash;a common, but dangerous phrase. I am
+ <i>now</i> a man of three-score years. I can point my finger
+ <i>here</i> to my ships, <i>there</i> to my warehouse. My
+ name is well known in two hemispheres. I have drank deeply of
+ intellectual pleasures, have served my country in many
+ important stations, have had my gains and my losses.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 15. I have seen many, who started with fairer prospects, but
+ with no compass, wrecked before me; but I have been impelled
+ in my operations, no matter how extensive, by the <i>same
+ spirit</i> which conceived and executed the purchase of the
+ jack-knife. And I have found my reward in it; and, perhaps,
+ in after years, there will be those who will say that the
+ predictions of my father were fulfilled in their case; and
+ that, from <i>small beginnings</i>, by "<i>honesty,
+ self-denial, well-directed industry</i>, and
+ <i>perseverance</i>," they also, BECAME TRULY "GREAT MEN."
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. How did this boy obtain his first
+ jack-knife? 2. What did his father say to him, when he told
+ how he had earned it? 3. What use did he make of his knife?
+ 4. What is said about <i>aristocracy</i>? 5. What is said of
+ this boy when he came to be three-score years old?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson37"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXXVII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ COIN' ED, stamped.<br>
+ BAR' TER, trade; exchange.<br>
+ COM MOD' I TIES, goods; wares.<br>
+ BULL'ION, uncoined silver or gold.<br>
+ BUC' CA NEERS, pirates; freebooters.<br>
+ IM MENSE', very great; enormous.<br>
+ DAIN' TIES, delicacies.<br>
+ SMALL-CLOTHES, breeches.<br>
+ AT TIR' ED, dressed; arrayed.<br>
+ PE' ONY, plant and beautiful flower.<br>
+ PER' SON A BLE, handsome; graceful.<br>
+ ES PE' CIAL LY, mainly; chiefly.<br>
+ RE CEP' TA CLE, that which receives or holds.<br>
+ PON' DER OUS, heavy; bulky.<br>
+ RE SUM' ING, taking again.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ THE PINE-TREE SHILLINGS.
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ 1. Captain John Hull was the mint-master of Massachusetts,
+ and coined all the money that was made there. This was a new
+ line of business; for, in the earlier days of the colony, the
+ current coinage consisted of gold and silver money of
+ England, Portugal, and Spain.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. These coins being scarce, the people were often forced to
+ barter their commodities, instead of selling them. For
+ instance, if a man wanted to buy a coat, he, perhaps,
+ exchanged a bear-skin for it. If he wished for a barrel of
+ molasses, he might purchase it with a pile of pine-boards.
+ Musket-bullets were used instead of farthings.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. The Indians had a sort of money, called <i>wampum</i>,
+ which was made of clam-shells; and this strange sort of
+ specie was, likewise, taken in payment of debts, by the
+ English settlers. Bank-bills had never been heard of. There
+ was not money enough of any kind, in many parts of the
+ country, to pay the salaries of the ministers; so that they
+ sometimes had to take quintals of fish, bushels of corn, or
+ cords of wood, instead of silver or gold.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. As the people grew more numerous, and their trade one with
+ another increased, the want of current money was still more
+ sensibly felt. To supply the demand, the general court passed
+ a law for establishing a coinage of shillings, sixpences, and
+ threepences. Captain John Hull was appointed to manufacture
+ this money, and was to have <i>one shilling</i>, out of every
+ twenty, to pay him for the trouble of making them.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. Hereupon, all the old silver in the colony was handed over
+ to Captain John Hull. The battered silver cans, and tankards,
+ and silver-buckles, and broken spoons, and silver-buttons of
+ worn-out coats, and silver hilts of swords that had figured
+ at courts,&mdash;all such curious old articles were,
+ doubtless, thrown into the melting-pot together. But by far
+ the greater part of the silver consisted of bullion from the
+ mines of South America, which the English buccaneers, (who
+ were little better than pirates,) had taken from the
+ Spaniards, and brought to Massachusetts.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. All this old and new silver being melted down and coined,
+ the result was an immense amount of splendid shillings,
+ sixpences, and threepences. Each had the date, 1652, on the
+ one side, and the figure of a <i>pine-tree</i> on the other.
+ Hence, they were called <i>pine-tree shillings</i>. And, for
+ every <i>twenty shillings</i> that he coined, you will
+ remember, Captain John Hull was entitled to put <i>one
+ shilling</i> into his own pocket.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. The magistrates soon began to suspect that the mint-master
+ would have the best of the bargain. They offered him a large
+ sum of money, if he would but give up that <i>twentieth
+ shilling</i>, which he was continually dropping into his own
+ pocket. But Captain Hull declared himself perfectly satisfied
+ with the shilling. And well he might be; for, so diligently
+ did he labor, that, in a few years, his pockets, his
+ money-bags, and his strong box, were overflowing with
+ pine-tree shillings. This was probably the case when he came
+ into possession of Grandfather's chair; and, as he had worked
+ so hard at the mint, it was certainly proper that he should
+ have a comfortable chair to rest himself in.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. When the mint-master had grown very rich, a young man,
+ Samuel Sewell by name, fell in love with his only daughter.
+ His daughter, whom we will call Betsey, was a fine, hearty
+ damsel, by no means so slender as some young ladies of our
+ own days. As Samuel was a young man of good character,
+ industrious in his business, and a member of the church, the
+ mint-master very readily gave his consent.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. "Yes; you may take her," said he, in his rough way; "and
+ you'll find her a heavy burden enough!" On the wedding-day,
+ we may suppose that honest John Hull dressed himself in a
+ plum-colored coat, all the buttons of which were made of
+ pine-tree shillings. The buttons of his waistcoat were
+ sixpences; and the knees of his small-clothes were buttoned
+ with silver threepences.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. Thus attired, he sat with great dignity in Grandfather's
+ chair; and, being a portly old gentleman, he completely
+ filled it from elbow to elbow. On the opposite side of the
+ room, between her bridemaids, sat Miss Betsey, blushing like
+ a full-blown peony.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11. There, too, was the bridegroom, dressed in a fine purple
+ coat, and gold-lace waistcoat, with as much other finery as
+ the Puritan laws and customs would allow him to put on. His
+ hair was cropped close to his head, because Governor Endicott
+ had forbidden any man to wear it below the ears. But he was a
+ very personable young man; and so thought the bridemaids and
+ Miss Betsey herself.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 12. The mint-master, also, was pleased with his new
+ son-in-law; especially as he had courted Miss Betsey out of
+ pure love, and had said nothing at all about her portion. So,
+ when the marriage ceremony was over, Captain Hull whispered a
+ word to two of his men-servants, who immediately went out,
+ and soon returned, lugging in a large pair of scales. They
+ were such a pair as wholesale merchants use for weighing
+ bulky commodities; and quite a bulky commodity was now to be
+ weighed in them.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 13. "Daughter Betsey," said the mint-master, "get into one
+ side of these scales." Miss Betsey, or Mrs. Sewell, as we
+ must now call her, did as she was bid, like a dutiful child,
+ without any question of the why and wherefore. But what her
+ father could mean, unless to make her husband pay for her by
+ the pound, (in which case she would have been a dear
+ bargain,) she had not the least idea.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 14. "And now," said honest John Hull to the servants, "bring
+ that box hither." The box, to which the mint-master pointed,
+ was a huge, square, iron-bound, oaken chest. The servants
+ tugged with might and main; but could not lift this enormous
+ receptacle, and were finally obliged to drag it across the
+ floor.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 15. Captain Hull then took a key from his girdle, unlocked
+ the chest, and lifted its ponderous lid. Behold! <i>it was
+ full to the brim of bright pine-tree shillings</i>, fresh
+ from the mint; and Samuel Sewell began to think that his
+ father-in-law had got possession of all the money in the
+ Massachusetts' treasury. But it was only the mint-master's
+ honest share of the coinage.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 16. Then the servants, at Captain Hull's command, heaped
+ double handfuls of shillings into one side of the scales,
+ while Betsey remained in the other. Jingle, jingle, went the
+ shillings, as handful after handful was thrown in, till,
+ plump and ponderous as she was, they fairly weighed the young
+ lady from the floor.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 17. "There, son Samuel," said the honest mint-master,
+ resuming his seat in Grandfather's chair, "take these
+ shillings for my daughter's portion. Use her kindly, and
+ thank Heaven for her. <i>It is not every wife that's worth
+ her weight in silver!</i>"
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What was Captain John Hull's business? 2.
+ What portion of the money coined, was he to receive? 3. How
+ did he get silver to coin? 4. Describe the shillings he
+ coined. 5. How did he become wealthy? 6. Describe his dress
+ on his daughter's wedding-day. 7. What did he say to his
+ son-in-law, after weighing her with shillings?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson38"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXXVIII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ LODG' ES, dens; caves.<br>
+ MAR' VEL OUS, wonderful.<br>
+ TIP' PED, pointed.<br>
+ HERD, gather in herds.<br>
+ FA' MOUS, noted; remarkable.<br>
+ ROE' BUCK, small species of deer.<br>
+ STRAIGHT' WAY, immediately.<br>
+ E RECT', upright.<br>
+ FROL' IC, fun; play.<br>
+ FORD, place where water can be waded.<br>
+ FLECK' ED, spotted; striped.<br>
+ FLUT' TER ED, quivered.<br>
+ PAL' PI TA TED, beat; throbbed.<br>
+ WA' RY, watchful; cautious.<br>
+ FA' TAL, deadly; mortal.<br>
+ EX ULT' ED, (<i>x</i> like <i>gz</i>,) greatly rejoiced.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ HIAWATHA'S HUNTING.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ LONGFELLOW.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ This lesson is taken from "The Song of Hiawatha," a poem,
+ founded upon traditions current among some tribes of North
+ American Indians, respecting an imaginary being of more than
+ mortal powers and gifts, named Hiawatha. The scene of the
+ poem is laid among the Ojibways, or Chippewas, a tribe of
+ Indians, occupants, from the period of our earliest history,
+ of the basin of Lake Superior.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1.<br>
+ Then the little Hiawatha<br>
+ Learned of every bird its language,<br>
+ Learned their names and all their secrets,<br>
+ How they built their nests in summer,<br>
+ Where they hid themselves in winter,<br>
+ Talked with them where'er he met them,<br>
+ Called them "Hiawatha's chickens."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2.<br>
+ Of all beasts he learned the language,<br>
+ Learned their names and all their secrets,<br>
+ How the beavers built their lodges,<br>
+ Where the squirrels hid their acorns,<br>
+ How the reindeer ran so swiftly,<br>
+ Why the rabbit was so timid,<br>
+ Talked with them whene'er he met them,<br>
+ Called them "Hiawatha's brothers."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3.<br>
+ Then Ia'goo, the great boaster,<br>
+ He, the marvelous story-teller,<br>
+ He, the traveler and the talker,<br>
+ Made a bow for Hiawatha;<br>
+ From a branch of ash he made it,<br>
+ From an oak-bough made the arrows,<br>
+ Tipped with flint, and winged with feathers,<br>
+ And the cord he made of deer-skin.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4.<br>
+ Then he said to Hiawatha,<br>
+ "Go, my son, into the forest,<br>
+ Where the red deer herd together,<br>
+ Kill for us a famous roebuck,<br>
+ Kill for us a deer with antlers."<br>
+ Forth into the forest straightway<br>
+ All alone walked Hiawatha<br>
+ Proudly with his bow and arrows.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5.<br>
+ And the birds sang round him, o'er him<br>
+ "Do not shoot us, Hiawatha."<br>
+ Sang the robin, sang the bluebird,<br>
+ "Do not shoot us, Hiawatha."<br>
+ Up the oak-tree, close beside him,<br>
+ Sprang the squirrel, lightly leaping<br>
+ In and out among the branches;<br>
+ Coughed and chattered from the oak-tree,<br>
+ Laughed, and said between his laughing,<br>
+ "Do not shoot me, Hiawatha."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6.<br>
+ And the rabbit from his pathway<br>
+ Leaped aside, and, at a distance,<br>
+ Sat erect upon his haunches,<br>
+ Half in fear, and half in frolic,<br>
+ Saying to the little hunter,<br>
+ "Do not shoot me, Hiawatha."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7.<br>
+ But he heeded not nor heard them,<br>
+ For his thoughts were with the red deer;<br>
+ On their tracks his eyes were fastened,<br>
+ Leading downward to the river,<br>
+ To the ford across the river,<br>
+ And as one in slumber walked he.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8.<br>
+ Hidden in the alder bushes,<br>
+ There he waited till the deer came,<br>
+ Till he saw too antlers lifted,<br>
+ Saw two eyes look from the thicket,<br>
+ Saw two nostrils point to windward,<br>
+ And the deer came down the pathway,<br>
+ Flecked with leafy light and shadow.<br>
+ And his heart within him fluttered,<br>
+ Trembled like the leaves above him,<br>
+ Like the birch leaf palpitated,<br>
+ As the deer came down the pathway.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9.<br>
+ Then, upon one knee uprising,<br>
+ Hiawatha aimed an arrow;<br>
+ Scarce a twig moved with his motion,<br>
+ Scarce a leaf was stirred or rustled,<br>
+ But the wary roebuck started,<br>
+ Stamped with all his hoofs together,<br>
+ Listened with one foot uplifted,<br>
+ Leaped as if to meet the arrow;<br>
+ Ah, the singing, fatal arrow,<br>
+ Like a wasp it buzzed and stung him.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10.<br>
+ Dead he lay there in the forest,<br>
+ By the ford across the river;<br>
+ Beat his timid heart no longer;<br>
+ But the heart of Hiawatha<br>
+ Throbbed, and shouted, and exulted,<br>
+ As he bore the red deer homeward.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson39"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XXXIX.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ TRAIL, track; footprints.<br>
+ IN' DICATED, pointed out; shown.<br>
+ MURK' Y, dark; gloomy.<br>
+ FLAM' BEAU, (<i>flam' bo</i>,) lighted torch.<br>
+ RE FLECT' ING, throwing back.<br>
+ LU' RID LY, gloomily; dismally.<br>
+ SUS PECT' ING, mistrusting.<br>
+ AS SAIL' ANTS, assaulters.<br>
+ ECH' O, (<i>ek' o</i>,) sound reverberated.<br>
+ RE LAPS' ED, fell back; returned.<br>
+ EN VEL' OPED, inwrapped.<br>
+ SUF FO CATED, smothered.<br>
+ BRAND' ISHING, flourishing; waving.<br>
+ RIG' ID, stiff.<br>
+ BIV' OUAC, (<i>biv' wak</i>,) pass the night without
+ tents.<br>
+ PEER' ED, came in sight; appeared.<br>
+ DE CLIV' I TY, gradual descent.<br>
+ PRO LONG' ED, lengthened; continued.<br>
+ COM' RADE, companion; associate.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ A DESPERATE ENCOUNTER WITH A PANTHER.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ BOY'S BOOK OF ADVENTURES.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. I had left the hunting party more than an hour, when I
+ came upon the track of my old friend Konwell, who was, with
+ his dogs, on the bloody trail of a panther. The animal must
+ have had one of his legs broken; this was indicated by the
+ marks on the soft ground; and it was plain that the tracks
+ were made by three feet instead of four, and accompanied by
+ blood at every leap.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. I determined to follow; and, after a tramp of nearly an
+ hour, I overtook my friend at the entrance of a cavern, where
+ he stood waiting for me. The wounded animal had taken refuge
+ in this cave, leaving us to do whatever we thought best. The
+ poor beast doubtless supposed that within this murky recess
+ he was safe from pursuit; but he was mistaken. Konwell
+ informed me that he had hidden a bundle of pine splinters in
+ a gulley, about half a mile distant, and that if I would keep
+ guard over the mouth of the cave, he would go and bring it.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. I agreed to this measure; and, with ready gun and drawn
+ knife, prepared for any attack that might be made. I lay down
+ at the entrance of the panther's cave. My friend soon
+ returned, bringing the pine, as he had promised. His next
+ movement was to kindle a large fire at the mouth of the cave,
+ at which we lighted our torches; and, having taken the
+ flambeaus in our left hand, while we carried our guns in the
+ right, we cautiously entered the cave. I crept on before; but
+ the space within soon became so high and roomy, that we could
+ stand upright, and keep close to each other.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. Bending toward the left, the cavity extended a
+ considerable distance within the hill. After we had advanced
+ about two hundred steps, we saw the glaring eyes of the
+ wounded beast, which gleamed forth like two fiery balls,
+ reflecting most luridly the light of our torches. Konwell now
+ took my flambeau and stepped behind me. I leveled my gun in
+ the direction of those flaming eyes, and fired. After the
+ report, we heard a bustle; but could not exactly make out
+ what it meant.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. I reloaded my gun, resumed my torch, and Konwell now took
+ his place in front. But, as those flaming eyes were no longer
+ to be seen, we felt obliged to go farther. Our guns ready
+ loaded, we believed ourselves to be prepared for anything. We
+ proceeded carefully, as men are likely to do when suspecting
+ danger, when, instantly, the panther started up from a
+ hollow, in which he was lying, quite close to our feet.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. It was a fearful sight to look upon him as he stood with
+ ears laid back, his white teeth set together, as if in
+ intense anger, and those wide open eyes glowing and sparkling
+ as they rested upon us, his assailants. I can never forget
+ his appearance. In a moment our guns were discharged, and the
+ cave returned the thundering echo. We had both fired so
+ precisely at the same moment, that neither of us could
+ believe the other had discharged his gun.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. We were certain that our enemy had been struck, but we
+ knew not whether killed or only disabled. Quick as thought,
+ we dropped our guns and drew our knives from the sheath. And
+ haste was necessary; for the echo had not relapsed into
+ silence, before we felt the weight of the panther against us;
+ and we began cutting at him with our knives, and, at the same
+ moment, in consequence of our hurried movements, our torches
+ died out, and we were left in utter darkness.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. Deafened by the noise and utterly bewildered, I turned to
+ fly from the now raging enemy, and only became perfectly
+ aware of what I was doing, when I found myself standing
+ beside Konwell outside the cave in the open air. I only know
+ now, that, enveloped in thick darkness, and almost suffocated
+ with the smoke of gunpowder, I groped about, not knowing what
+ I wished or intended; and that Konwell, at last, drew me
+ forcibly to the mouth of the cave.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. There we stood, each one brandishing his hunting-knife in
+ his right hand, and holding the extinguished torch in the
+ left; as we looked on each other, we scarcely knew whether to
+ laugh or to be frightened at the strange figures we made. We
+ were black with powder-smoke, covered with sweat and blood,
+ and our clothing torn to rags.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. Konwell complained of a pain in his breast. I opened the
+ bosom of his shirt, and found two deep gashes made by the
+ panther's claws, extending from the left shoulder to the pit
+ of the stomach. I also received a few scratches, but our
+ stout hunting-shirts were torn to shreds.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11. Until this moment, neither of us had felt that he was
+ wounded; and even now, before we began to think of dressing
+ those wounds, we made a large fire at the mouth of the
+ cavern, in order to prevent the panther from coming forth.
+ This done, we sat down beside the genial blaze to wash and
+ bind up our scratches, and consult on what plan it was now
+ best to proceed.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 12. That the panther was still in the cave we were certain;
+ but, whether living or dead, we did not know; at all events,
+ he was wounded; for our hunting-knives were covered with
+ blood quite up to the hilt. But we had no choice left; we
+ must return; for our guns and Konwell's powder-flask, which
+ the animal dragged off with him, still lay within the cavern.
+ We therefore plucked up new courage; and, having relighted
+ our torches, we brandished our knives, and prepared, though
+ not without some heart throbbings, once more to enter the
+ panther's den.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 13. With light and cautious steps, lest we might be as
+ unpleasantly surprised as we had been when we made our hasty
+ retreat, we advanced, holding our torches before us, to the
+ spot where we had dropped our guns, and without meeting with
+ any hinderance from our enemy. Once more in possession of our
+ trusty weapons, we reloaded them, and stepped forward with
+ lighter hearts, yet still with great caution, when Konwell
+ exclaimed, as he raised the flaming pine high above his head,
+ and pointed with it in a certain direction, "<i>See! there he
+ is!</i>"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 14. This was the first word that had been spoken since we
+ re&euml;ntered the cavern. I looked in the indicated
+ direction, and there, indeed, lay the panther, stretched out
+ at full length, but no longer dangerous. His eyes were set,
+ his limbs were rigid,&mdash;the last agony was over. We
+ skinned and cut him up as he lay. All three bullets had
+ struck him, and both knives penetrated his body; and it must
+ have been in the death-struggle that he leaped upon us.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 15. When our work was ended, and we again came to the open
+ air, the sun was low in the horizon, and all haste was
+ necessary that we should set out on our forest-path without
+ further delay. Our wounds smarted not a little, and, although
+ we took time once more to wash them, they became so stiff
+ that our progress was both toilsome and tedious. We soon
+ became convinced that we should not succeed in reaching our
+ companions while daylight remained, and we determined to
+ bivouac for the night, at the foot of a rocky declivity,
+ which promised a good shelter from the cutting wind.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 16. To add to our discomfort, hunger began to make itself
+ painfully felt; but this was soon overpowered by weariness,
+ and, having gathered up the dry pine branches, we kindled up
+ a good fire, and, without troubling ourselves to prepare any
+ thing for supper, we stretched ourselves on the grass before
+ it, and found the warmth most grateful.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 17. Worn out by the toils of the day, in a few minutes
+ Konwell was fast asleep; but, although much inclined to
+ follow his example, I was prevented by the restlessness of my
+ dog, which seemed to wish to warn me of the presence of
+ danger. The faithful animal, cringing closely to me, laid his
+ nose on my shoulder, raising his head from time to time, and
+ whined, as though he wished to communicate something, and
+ then, for a few moments, would remain quiet. Then, suddenly,
+ he would rise up as in the attitude of listening,
+ occasionally uttering a low growl.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 18. Completely awakened by this strange behavior on the part
+ of my faithful dog, it seemed to me as if I heard a slight
+ rustling among the dry bushes; and, rising up to a
+ half-sitting posture, I looked toward the rock behind me,
+ and, to my great astonishment, became aware of a pair of
+ glaring eyes fastened upon me. As my head was between the
+ fire and those fearful eyes, I could plainly distinguish the
+ fiery balls as, reflected on by the red light, they peered
+ above the naked rocks.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 19. It was a panther, and evidently, from the position in
+ which I saw it, was ready for a spring. Happily on this, as
+ on every other night, my trusty gun lay close beside me. I
+ seized it, and, half-rising, so that the fire behind me
+ afforded light for a steady aim, I leveled it exactly between
+ the eyes. I fired, the bullet sped on its deadly errand, and
+ the crack of the noble rifle, thundering against the steep
+ rocks, returned with loud and prolonged echo.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 20. Konwell, to whom the report of a gun was ever the
+ sweetest music, now started up, as if roused by an electric
+ shock, and grasped his gun. The dog continued his barking,
+ smelling all around, and looking in my face as if to inquire
+ in what direction he should go. There was no rustling
+ movement on the rock, and the bullet must have taken effect.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 21. Konwell shook his head as he inquired, "Why I had shot?"
+ Without answering, I began to reload my gun: this finished, I
+ took up a blazing pine brand from the fire, and proceeded to
+ climb the steep wall of rock, that raised itself like a
+ barrier, about twenty steps distant from the spot upon which
+ we rested. Here I found an old panther, the largest I had
+ ever seen, lying dead&mdash;my well-directed bullet had
+ finished him. I flung the body over the rock, and my old
+ comrade dragged him to the fire.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 22. The ball had struck him directly in the right eye,
+ passing through the brain. He was a fearful-looking animal,
+ with terrible teeth and claws, and the more to be dreaded,
+ as, when we cut him up, his stomach was found entirely empty.
+ I believed that hunger had driven him so close to the fire;
+ but Konwell thought he had scented the fresh venison we had
+ with us. Be that as it may, there was little doubt but that
+ he would have made a leap, as soon as the intervening fire
+ had burned down; to its friendly presence, therefore, on this
+ occasion, as a means of Providence, we owed our lives.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What had Konwell driven into a den? 2.
+ What preparation did he make, before entering into the
+ cavern? 3. How far had the men proceeded before they saw the
+ panther? 4. Describe the appearance of the panther, as they
+ came near him after the first shot? 5. What did the panther
+ do after the men both fired at him? 6. Did they finally
+ succeed in killing the panther? 7. Describe the manner in
+ which they killed another panther.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson40"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XL.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ RAP' IDs, part of a river where the current is swift.<br>
+ TUR' BU LENCE, violent agitation.<br>
+ HELM, instrument for steering a vessel.<br>
+ EX CUR' SION, tour; ramble.<br>
+ A HOY', sea term used in hailing a vessel.<br>
+ QUAFF, drink largely.<br>
+ HOIST, raise; lift up.<br>
+ BLAS PHEM' ING, uttering impious language.<br>
+ SHRIEK' ING, screaming; crying out.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ THE POWER OF HABIT.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ JOHN B. GOUGH.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. I remember once riding from Buffalo to the Niagara Palls.
+ I said to a gentleman, "What river is that, sir?" "That,"
+ said he, "is Niagara river."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. "Well, it is a beautiful stream," said I; "bright, and
+ fair, and glassy. How far off are the rapids?" "Only a mile
+ or two," was the reply.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. "Is it <i>possible</i> that only a mile from us, we shall
+ find the water in the turbulence which it must show near the
+ Falls'?"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ "You will find it so, sir." And so I found it; and the first
+ sight of Niagara I shall never forget.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. Now, launch your bark on that Niagara river; it is bright,
+ smooth, beautiful, and glassy. There is a ripple at the bow;
+ the silver wake you leave behind, adds to your enjoyment.
+ Down the stream you glide, oars, sails, and helm in proper
+ trim, and you set out on your pleasure excursion.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. Suddenly, some one cries out from the bank, "<i>Young men,
+ ahoy!</i>"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ "What is it?"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ "<i>The rapids are below you!</i>"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. "Ha! ha! we have heard of the rapids; but we are not such
+ fools as to get there. If we go too fast, then we shall up
+ with the helm, and steer to the shore; we will set the mast
+ in the socket, hoist the sail, and speed to the land. Then
+ on, boys; don't be alarmed,&mdash;there is no danger."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. "Young men, ahoy there!"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ "What is it?"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ "<i>The rapids are below you!</i>"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. "Ha! ha! we will laugh and quaff; all things delight us.
+ What care we for the future! No man ever saw it. Sufficient
+ for the day is the evil thereof. We will enjoy life while we
+ may,&mdash;will catch pleasure as it flies. This is
+ enjoyment; time enough to steer out of danger when we are
+ sailing swiftly with the current."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9 (<i>ff.</i>) "YOUNG MEN, AHOY!"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ "What is it?"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ "BEWARE! BEWARE! THE RAPIDS ARE BELOW YOU!"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. "Now you see the water foaming all around. See how fast
+ you pass that point! Up with the helm! Now turn! Pull hard!
+ (=) Quick! quick! quick! pull for your lives! pull till the
+ blood starts from your nostrils, and the veins stand like
+ whip-cords upon your brow! Set the mast in the socket! hoist
+ the sail! (<i>sl.</i>) Ah! ah! it is too late! Shrieking,
+ howling, blaspheming; over they go."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11. Thousands go over the rapids of intemperance every year,
+ through <i>the power of habit</i>, crying all the while,
+ "<i>When I find out that it</i> [Footnote: Temperate
+ drinking.] <i>is injuring me, I will give it up!</i>"
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. Where are the Niagara Falls? 2. How does
+ the water appear just above the Falls? 3. How does it appear
+ farther up? 4. What reply are the young men represented as
+ making, when first told the rapids were below them? 5. What,
+ when told the second time? 6. What must they do, to escape
+ destruction? 7. What is said of <i>the power of habit?</i>
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson41"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XLI.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ BE SOT' TED, stupefied.<br>
+ BUR LESQU' ED, mocked; derided.<br>
+ DE FI' ED, set at defiance.<br>
+ CHER' ISH ED, fostered; encouraged.<br>
+ STREW' ED, scattered; spread.<br>
+ LIV' ID, discolored; black and blue.<br>
+ MIR' ROR ED, reflected, as in a glass.<br>
+ RE VEAL' INGS, disclosures.<br>
+ PLIGHT' ED, pledged.<br>
+ FOR SWORN', perjured.<br>
+ STAMP' ED, impressed; fixed deeply.<br>
+ BLIGHT, blasting disease.<br>
+ A TONE', make reparation.<br>
+ PRO CLAIM' ED, openly declared.<br>
+ LOATHE, detest; abhor.<br>
+ BEV' ER AGE, drink.
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ These verses should be read in a firm, half-indignant, yet
+ imploring tone of voice,&mdash;except the last verse, which
+ should be expressed in a very decided and impassioned manner.
+ </p>
+ <h4>
+ THE DRUNKARD'S DAUGHTER.
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ [Footnote: These beautiful and touching verses were written
+ by a young lady, in reply to a friend who had called her a
+ monomaniac on the subject of temperance.]
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+1. Go, feel what I have felt,
+ Go, bear what I have borne;
+ Sink 'neath a blow a father dealt,
+ And the cold, proud world's scorn;
+ Thus struggle on from year to year,
+ Thy sole relief,&mdash;the scalding tear.
+2. Go, weep as I have wept,
+ O'er a loved father's fall,
+ See every cherished promise swept,&mdash;
+ Youth's sweetness turned to gall;
+ Hope's faded flowers strewed all the way
+ That led me up to woman's day.
+3. Go, kneel as I have knelt;
+ Implore, beseech, and pray,
+ Strive the besotted heart to melt,
+ The downward course to stay;
+ Be cast with bitter curse aside,&mdash;
+ Thy prayers burlesqued, thy tears defied.
+4. Go, stand where I have stood,
+ And see the strong man bow;
+ With gnashing teeth, lips bathed in blood,
+ And cold and livid brow;
+ Go, catch his wandering glance, and see
+ There mirrored, his soul's misery.
+5. Go, hear what I have heard,&mdash;
+ The sobs of sad despair,
+ As memory's feeling fount hath stirred,
+ And its revealings there
+ Have told him what he might have been,
+ Had he the drunkard's fate foreseen.
+6. Go to my mother's side,
+ And her crushed spirit cheer;
+ Thine own deep anguish hide,
+ Wipe from her cheek the tear;
+ Mark her dimmed eye,&mdash;her furrowed brow,
+ The gray that streaks her dark hair now;
+ Her toil-worn frame, her trembling limb,
+ And trace the ruin back to him
+ Whose plighted faith, in early youth,
+ Promised eternal love and truth;
+ But who, forsworn, hath yielded up
+ That promise to the deadly cup,
+ And led her down from love and light,
+ From all that made her pathway bright,
+ And chained her there 'mid want and strife,
+ That lowly thing,&mdash;<i>a drunkard's wife!</i>
+ And stamped on childhood's brow so mild,
+ That withering blight, <i>a drunkard's child!</i>
+7. Go, hear, and see, and feel, and know,
+ All that <i>my soul</i> hath felt and known,
+ Then look upon the wine-cup's glow;
+ See if its brightness can atone;
+ Think if its flavor you will try,
+ If all proclaimed, "<i>'Tis drink and die!</i>"
+
+8. Tell me I <i>hate</i> the bowl;
+<i>Hate</i> is a feeble word:
+(<i>f.</i>) <i>I loathe</i>, ABHOR,&mdash;<i>my very soul</i>
+<i>With strong disgust is stirred</i>,
+ Whene'er I see, or hear, or tell,
+ Of the DARK BEVERAGE OF HELL!!
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. By whom was this poetry written? 2. What
+ circumstance induced her to write it? 3. What is the meaning
+ of <i>monomaniac?</i> Ans. One who is deranged in a single
+ faculty of the mind, or with regard to a particular subject,
+ the other faculties being in regular exercise. 4. What
+ reasons does she assign for her hatred of alcoholic drink? 5.
+ What does she say of her mother? 6. With what tone of voice
+ should the last verse be read? See page 40, Rule 4. 7. Why
+ are some words and sentences printed in Italics and Capitals?
+ See page 22, Note III.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson42"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XLII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ REC' ORDS, accounts; minutes.<br>
+ AD VENT' URES, doings; strange occurences.<br>
+ EN CUM' BER, load; clog.<br>
+ GRAT I FI CA' TION, indulgence.<br>
+ SCHEME, plan; progress.<br>
+ DE LIB ER A' TION, thought; consideration.<br>
+ LUX U RI OUS, pleasure-loving.<br>
+ EX PE DI' TION, tour; enterprise.<br>
+ MO ROSE', sour; ill-humored.<br>
+ RE VOLT' ING, disgusting; abhorrent.<br>
+ CON TEM' PLATE, consider; think upon.<br>
+ REL' IC, remains.<br>
+ IN VES' TI GATE, examine; look into.<br>
+ AC COM' PLISH ED, effected.<br>
+ PIC TUR ESQUE', (<i>pikt yur esk'</i>)grand; beautiful;
+ picture-like.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ THE TWO YOUNG TRAVELERS.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ MERRY'S MUSEUM.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. Horace and Herman, two young men who were friends, set out
+ to travel in distant countries. Before they departed, each
+ had formed a <i>plan</i> of proceeding. Horace determined to
+ give himself up entirely to <i>pleasure,</i>&mdash;to go
+ wherever his humor might dictate,&mdash;and to keep no
+ records of his adventures. In short, he resolved to <i>enjoy
+ himself</i> as much as possible, and, by no means, to
+ encumber his mind with cares, duties, or troubles of any
+ kind.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. Herman was as fond of amusement as Horace; but the
+ <i>mode</i> he adopted for the gratification of his wishes,
+ was quite different. In the first place, he made out a scheme
+ of his travels: he procured maps, read books, and, after
+ mature deliberation, adopted a certain route, as most likely
+ to afford him pleasure as well as instruction.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. In the formation of this plan, he spent several weeks;
+ and, in this occupation, he found quite as much satisfaction
+ as he afterwards did in traveling. Thus he obtained one great
+ advantage over his idle and luxurious friend, who foolishly
+ thought that the essence of enjoyment lay in freedom from
+ thought, restraint, and toil. Even before they set out on
+ their journey, Herman had actually found nearly as
+ <i>much</i> pleasure as Horace received in the whole course
+ of his expedition.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. The two young men started together; and, as there were
+ then no canals or railroads, they both set out on foot. They
+ had not proceeded far before they separated,&mdash;Horace
+ taking one road and Herman another.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. After the lapse of three years, they both returned; but
+ what a difference between them! Horace was morose and
+ dissatisfied; he had seen a good deal of the world, but, as
+ he had traveled with no other design than to <i>gratify
+ himself</i> from hour to hour, he had soon exhausted the cup
+ of pleasure, and found nothing at the bottom but the bitter
+ dregs of discontent.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. He pursued pleasure, till, at last, he found the pursuit
+ to be distasteful and revolting. He grew tired even of
+ amusement. He indulged his tastes, humors, and passions,
+ until indulgence itself was disgusting. When he returned to
+ his friends, he had laid up nothing in his memory, by the
+ relation of which he could amuse them; he had kept no record
+ of things he had seen; he brought back no store of pleasing
+ and useful recollections for himself, or others. Such was the
+ result of three years' travel for pleasure.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. It was quite otherwise with Herman. Adhering to his plans,
+ he visited a great many places, and, each day, he recorded in
+ his journal what he had seen. Whenever he met with an
+ interesting object, he stopped to contemplate it. If it was
+ some aged relic, famous in history, he took pains to
+ investigate its story, and to write it down. If it was an
+ object of interest to the eye, he made a sketch of it in a
+ book which he kept for that purpose.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. In this way, Herman accomplished three good objects. In
+ the first place, by taking pleasure in a moderate way, and
+ mixing with it a little toil and industry, he prevented that
+ cloying surfeit which, at last, sickened and disgusted
+ Horace.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. In the second place, he greatly increased his enjoyments
+ by the plan he adopted. Merely executing a plan is agreeable,
+ and a source of great pleasure. It is natural to derive
+ happiness from following out a design,&mdash;from seeing,
+ hour by hour, day by day, how results come about, in
+ conformity to our intentions.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. But <i>this</i> was not the <i>only</i> advantage which
+ Herman received from his system. The very toil he bestowed;
+ the investigations he made; the pleasant thoughts and curious
+ knowledge that were unfolded to his mind; the excitement he
+ found in his exertions; the pleasure he took in drawing
+ picturesque scenes; <i>all</i> constituted a rich harvest of
+ pleasure, which was wholly denied to Horace.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11. Thus it was that labor and industry, exerted in carrying
+ out a plan, afforded the young traveler a vast deal of
+ gratification. The very things that Horace looked upon as
+ hateful, were, in fact, the sources of his friend's most
+ permanent enjoyment.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 12. In the third place, Herman had come back laden with rich
+ stores of knowledge, observation, and experience. Not only
+ was his journal rich in tales, legends, scenes, incidents,
+ and historical records, but in putting these things down on
+ paper, his memory had been improved, and he had acquired the
+ habit of observing and remembering. His mind was full of
+ pleasant things, and nothing could be more interesting than
+ to hear him tell of his travels, and of what he had seen.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 13. While Horace was dull, silent, and sour, Herman was full
+ of conversation, life, and interest. The one was happy', the
+ other unhappy`; one was agreeable', the other disagreeable`;
+ one had exhausted the cup of pleasure', the other seemed
+ always to have the cup full and sparkling before him`. It was
+ agreed on all hands that Horace was a disagreeable person,
+ and everybody shunned him; while Herman was considered by all
+ a most agreeable companion, and everybody sought his society.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 14. So much for the two travelers; <i>one</i>, a luxurious
+ lover of pleasure, who thought only of the passing moment,
+ and, in his folly, abused and threw away his powers of
+ enjoyment; the <i>other</i>, a lover of pleasure also; but
+ who pursued it moderately, with a wise regard to the future,
+ and careful attention, every day, to the rules of duty; and
+ who thus secured his true happiness.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What plan had Horace determined to pursue
+ while traveling? 2. What was Herman's plan? 3. What is said
+ of Horace, after his return? 4. How was it with Herman? 5.
+ What is said of the two in contrast? 6. What effect has the
+ emphasis on the place of the accent in the words
+ <i>unhappy</i> and <i>disagreeable</i>, 13th paragraph? See
+ page 22, note V.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson43"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XLIII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ IM' PORT, meaning.<br>
+ GROV' EL ING, mean; creeping.<br>
+ A CHIEVE' MENT, performance.<br>
+ AS PI RA' TION, wish; ardent desire.<br>
+ SAN' GUINE, ardent; hopeful.<br>
+ RE' AL IZ ED, attained.<br>
+ IN SPI RA' TION, natural impulse.<br>
+ STATE' LI NESS, dignity: majesty.<br>
+ AD VENT' TUR OUS, daring; enterprising.<br>
+ EX UL TA' TION, (<i>x</i> like <i>gz</i>,) triumph.<br>
+ RI' VALS, competitors.<br>
+ DIG' NI TY, elevation; majesty.<br>
+ OR' A CLES, wise words or sentences.<br>
+ A' PEX, hight; summit.<br>
+ TEN' E MENT, dwelling; <i>here means</i>, the body.<br>
+ AD MON' ISH. warn.<br>
+ RAPT' UR OUS, joyous; ecstatic.<br>
+ AN TIC I PA' TION, foretaste.
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ PHI LOS' O PHY, (PHILO, <i>love</i>; SOPHY, <i>wisdom</i>,)
+ love of wisdom; reason of things. See SANDERS &amp;
+ McELLIGOTT'S ANALYSIS, page 236, Ex. 334
+ </p>
+ <h4>
+ HIGHER!
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ 1. HIGHER! It is a word of noble import. It lifts the soul of
+ man from low and groveling pursuits, to the achievement of
+ great and noble deeds, and ever keeps the object of his
+ aspiration in view, till his most sanguine expectations are
+ fully realized.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. HIGHER! lisps the infant that clasps its parent's knee,
+ and makes its feeble effort to rise from the floor. It is the
+ first inspiration of childhood to burst the narrow confines
+ of the cradle, and to exercise those feeble, tottering limbs,
+ which are to walk forth in the stateliness of manhood.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. HIGHER! echoes the proud school-boy in his swing; or, as
+ he climbs the tallest tree of the forest, that he may look
+ down upon his less adventurous comrades with a flush of
+ exultation,&mdash;and abroad over the fields, the meadows,
+ and his native village.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. HIGHER! earnestly breathes the student of philosophy and
+ nature. He has a host of rivals; but he must excel them all.
+ The midnight oil burns dim; but he finds light and knowledge
+ in the lamps of heaven, and his soul is never weary, when the
+ last of them is hid by the splendors of the morning.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. And HIGHER! his voice thunders forth, when the dignity of
+ manhood has mantled his form, and the multitude is listening
+ with delight to his oracles, burning with eloquence, and
+ ringing like true steel in the cause of <i>Freedom</i> and
+ <i>Right</i>. And when time has changed his locks to
+ silver,&mdash;when the young and the old unite to do him
+ honor, he still breathes forth from his generous heart fond
+ wishes for their welfare.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. HIGHER YET! He has reached the apex of earthly honor; yet
+ his spirit burns as warm as in youth, though with a steadier
+ and purer light. And even now, while his frail tenement
+ begins to admonish him, that "the time of his departure is at
+ hand," he looks forward, with rapturous anticipation, to the
+ never-fading glory, attainable only in the presence of the
+ Most High.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What is said of the word <i>Higher</i>,
+ first paragraph? 2. When does the school-boy say Higher? 3.
+ What is said of the student? 4. What, when he arrives at
+ manhood? 5. What, when he becomes old? 6. Where is the
+ passage within the quotation to be found? Ans. 2 Timothy, 4th
+ chapter, 6th verse.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson44"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XLIV.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ IN TENS' ER, more fervent.<br>
+ STUB' BORN, unyielding; rugged.<br>
+ DEEM, think; imagine.<br>
+ OLD' EN, old; ancient.<br>
+ CLINGS, sticks; adheres closely.<br>
+ GAL' LANT, fine; noble.<br>
+ YAWN' ING, wide-opening.<br>
+ FU' RY, rage; madness.<br>
+ RAVE, rage; become furious.<br>
+ HEC' TIC, habitual; continuous.<br>
+ MEN' TAL, intellectual.<br>
+ WIELD, sway; exert.<br>
+ PRIV' I LEGE, right; opportunity.<br>
+ DOW' ER, gift; portion.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ LABOR.
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ [Footnote: These lines were suggested by the simple incident
+ of an industrious wood-sawyer's reply to a man who told him
+ that <i>his was a hard work</i>. "Yes, it is hard, to be
+ sure; but <i>it is harder to do nothing</i>," was his
+ answer.]
+ </p>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ CAROLINE F. ORNE.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. Ho, ye who at the anvil toil, And strike the sounding
+ blow, Where, from the burning iron's breast, The sparks fly
+ to and fro, While answering to the hammer's ring, And fire's
+ intenser glow!&mdash;Oh, while ye feel 'tis hard to toil And
+ sweat the long day through, Remember, it is harder still
+ <i>To have no work to do!</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. Ho, ye who till the stubborn soil, Whose hard hands guide
+ the plow, Who bend beneath the summer sun, With burning cheek
+ and brow!&mdash;Ye deem the curse still clings to earth From
+ olden time till now; But, while ye feel 'tis hard to toil And
+ labor all day through, Remember, it is harder still <i>To
+ have no work to do</i>!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. Ho, ye who plow the sea's blue field, Who ride the
+ restless wave, Beneath whose gallant vessel's keel There lies
+ a yawning grave, Around whose bark the wint'ry winds Like
+ fiends of fury rave!&mdash;Oh, while ye feel 'tis hard to
+ toil And labor long hours through, Remember, it is harder
+ still <i>To have no work to do!</i> 4 Ho, ye upon whose
+ fevered cheeks The hectic glow is bright, Whose mental toil
+ wears out the day, And half the weary night, Who labor for
+ the souls of men, Champions of truth and
+ right!&mdash;Although ye feel your toil is hard, Even with
+ this glorious view, Remember, it is harder still <i>To have
+ no work to do!</i> 5. Ho, all who labor,&mdash;all who strive
+ Ye wield a lofty power; Do with your might, do with your
+ strength, Fill every golden hour! The glorious privilege
+ <i>to do</i> Is man's most noble dower. Oh, to your
+ birthright and yourselves To your own souls be true! A weary,
+ wretched life is theirs, <i>Who have no work to do!</i>
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What incident suggested these thoughts to
+ the writer? 2. Who toil at the anvil? 3. Who till the
+ stubborn soil? 4. Who plow the sea's blue wave? 5. Who toil
+ mentally? 6. Who labor for the souls of men? 7. What is man's
+ most noble dower? 8. What is said to all these different
+ laborers? 9. What is the meaning of the suffix <i>less</i> in
+ the word <i>restless?</i> See SANDERS &amp; McELLIGOTT'S
+ ANALYSIS, page 140, Ex. 187.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson45"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XLV.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ E LIC' IT, draw forth.<br>
+ IN TEL' LI GENT, knowing; well-informed.<br>
+ RE FRAIN, hold in, or keep back.<br>
+ IG NO RA' MUS, ignorant person.<br>
+ RE TORT', reply; answer back.<br>
+ IN DEL' I BLY, in a way not to be effaced.<br>
+ MYS' TE RIES, profound secrets.<br>
+ AB SORB' ED, engrossed; occupied.<br>
+ MOR TI FI CA' TION, deep disappointment.<br>
+ OB STA CLE, hinderance; impediment.<br>
+ RE VOLT ED, shrank back.<br>
+ POR' ING, earnestly perusing.<br>
+ EM I NENCE, distinction.<br>
+ IN FOR MA' TION, knowledge.<br>
+ IL LIT' ER ATE, ignorant; unlearned.<br>
+ PRO FES' SION, business; employment.<br>
+ DIS' CI PLIN ED trained; instructed.<br>
+ CON TEMPT' U OUS, scornful; hateful.<br>
+ AN TAG' O NIST, opponent; adversary.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ THE AMBITIOUS APPRENTICE.
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ 1. "How far is it from here to the sun?" asked Harmon Lee of
+ his father's apprentice, James Wallace, intending by the
+ question to elicit some reply that would exhibit the boy's
+ ignorance.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. James Wallace, a boy of fourteen, turned his bright,
+ intelligent eyes upon the son of his employer, and replied,
+ "I don't know, Harmon. How far is it?"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. There was something so honest and earnest in the tone of
+ the boy, that, much as Harmon had felt disposed, at first, to
+ sport with his ignorance, he could not refrain from giving
+ him a true answer. Still, his contempt for the ignorant
+ apprentice was not to be concealed, and he replied,
+ "<i>Ninety-five millions of miles</i>, you ignoramus!" James
+ did not retort; but, repeating over in his mind the distance
+ named, fixed it indelibly upon his memory.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. On the same evening, after he had finished his day's work,
+ he obtained a small text-book on astronomy, which belonged to
+ Harmon Lee, and went up into his garret with a candle, and
+ there, alone, attempted to dive into the mysteries of that
+ sublime science. As he read, the earnestness of his attention
+ fixed nearly every fact upon his mind. So intent was he, that
+ he perceived not the flight of time, until the town-clock
+ struck ten.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. He lay down upon his hard bed, and gave full scope to his
+ thoughts. Hour after hour passed away, but he could not
+ sleep, so absorbed was he in reviewing the new and wonderful
+ things he had read. At last, wearied nature gave way, and he
+ fell into a slumber, filled with dreams of planets, moons,
+ comets, and fixed stars.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. The next morning the apprentice boy resumed his place at
+ the work-bench with a new feeling; and, with <i>this</i>
+ feeling, was mingled one of regret, that he could not go to
+ school as well as Harmon.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ "But I can study at night, while he is asleep," he said to
+ himself.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. Just then Harmon Lee came into the shop, and, approaching
+ James, said, for the purpose of teasing him, "How big round
+ is the earth, James?"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ "<i>Twenty-five thousand miles,</i>" was the quick reply.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. Harmon looked surprised, for a moment, and then responded,
+ with a sneer,&mdash;for he was not a kind-hearted boy, but,
+ on the contrary, very selfish, and disposed to <i>injure</i>
+ rather than <i>do good</i> to others,&mdash;"Oh! how
+ wonderfully wise you are all at once! And no doubt you can
+ tell how many moons Jupiter has? Come, let us hear."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. "Jupiter has four moons," James answered, with something
+ of exultation in his tone.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ "And, no doubt, you can tell how many rings it has?"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ "Jupiter has no rings. Saturn has rings, and Jupiter belts,"
+ James replied, in a decisive tone.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. For a moment or two Harmon was silent with surprise and
+ mortification, to think that his father's <i>apprentice</i>,
+ whom he esteemed so far below him, should be possessed of
+ knowledge equal to his, and on the points in reference to
+ which he had chosen to question him,&mdash;and that he should
+ be able to convict him of an error, into which he had
+ purposely fallen.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11. "I should like to know how long it is since you became so
+ wonderfully wise," said Harmon, with a sneer.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ "Not very long," James replied calmly. "I have been reading
+ one of your books on astronomy."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 12. "I should like to know what business <i>you</i> have to
+ touch one of <i>my</i> books! You had better be minding your
+ work."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ "I did not neglect it, Harmon; I read at <i>night</i>, after
+ I was done with my work; and I did not hurt your book."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ "I don't care if you <i>didn't</i> hurt it. You are not going
+ to have <i>my</i> books, I can tell you. So, you just let
+ them alone."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 13. Poor James's heart sank within him at this unexpected
+ obstacle, so suddenly thrown in his way. He had no money of
+ his own to buy, and knew of no one from whom he could borrow
+ the book, that had become so necessary to his happiness. "Do,
+ Harmon," he said, "lend me the book; I will take good care of
+ it."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ "No; I will not. And don't you dare to touch it," was the
+ angry reply.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 14. James Wallace knew well enough the selfish disposition of
+ Harmon, to be convinced that there was now but little hope of
+ his having the use of his books, except by stealth; and from
+ that his naturally open and honest principles revolted. All
+ day he thought earnestly of the means whereby he should be
+ able to obtain a book on astronomy, to quench the ardent
+ thirst he had created in his own mind.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 15. He was learning the trade of a blind-maker. Having been
+ already an apprentice for two years, and being industrious
+ and intelligent, he had acquired a readiness with tools, and
+ much skill in some parts of his trade. While sitting alone,
+ after he had finished his work for the day, it occurred to
+ him that he might, by working in the evening, earn some
+ money, and with it buy such books as he wanted.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 16. By consent of his employer, he succeeded in getting a
+ small job, from one of his neighbors; and, in a short time,
+ by working evenings, he obtained sufficient money to purchase
+ a book of his own, and had a half dollar left, with which he
+ bought a second-hand dictionary. Every night found him poring
+ over his books; and, as soon as it was light enough in the
+ morning to see, he was up and reading. During the day, his
+ mind was pondering over the things he had read, while his
+ hands were diligently employed in the labor assigned him.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 17. It occurred, just at this time, that a number of
+ benevolent individuals established, in the town where James
+ lived, one of those excellent institutions, an Apprentices'
+ Library. To this he applied, and obtained the books he
+ needed. And thus, did this poor apprentice boy lay the
+ foundation of future eminence and usefulness. At the age of
+ twenty-one, he was master of his trade; and, what was more,
+ had laid up a vast amount of general and scientific
+ information.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 18. Let us now turn to mark the progress of the young
+ student, Harmon Lee, in one of the best seminaries in his
+ native city, and afterwards at college. The idea that he was
+ to be a lawyer, soon took possession of his mind, and this
+ caused him to feel contempt for other boys, who were merely
+ designed for trades or store-keeping.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 19. Like too many others, he had no love for learning. To be
+ a <i>lawyer</i> he thought would be much more honorable than
+ to be a mere mechanic; and, for this reason <i>alone</i>, he
+ desired to be one. As for James Wallace, the poor illiterate
+ apprentice, he was most heartily despised, and never treated
+ by Harmon with the least degree of kind consideration.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 20. At the age of eighteen, Harmon was sent away to one of
+ the eastern universities, and there remained until he was
+ twenty years of age, when he graduated, and came home with
+ the honorary title of Bachelor of Arts. On the very day that
+ James completed his term of apprenticeship, Harmon was
+ admitted to the bar.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 21. From some cause, James determined he would make law
+ <i>his</i> profession. To the acquirement of a knowledge of
+ legal matters, therefore, he bent all the energies of a well
+ disciplined mind. Two years passed away in an untiring
+ devotion to the studies he had assigned himself, and he then
+ made application for admission to the bar.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 22. Young Wallace passed his examinations with some applause,
+ and the first case on which he was employed, chanced to be
+ one of great difficulty, which required all his skill; the
+ lawyer on the opposite side was Harmon Lee, who entertained
+ for his father's apprentice the utmost contempt.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 23. The cause came on. There was a profound silence and a
+ marked attention and interest, when the young stranger arose
+ in the court-room to open the case. A smile of contempt
+ curled the lip of Harmon Lee, but Wallace saw it not. The
+ prominent points of the case were presented in plain, but
+ concise language to the court; and a few remarks bearing upon
+ its merits being made, the young lawyer took his seat, and
+ gave room for the defense.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 24. Instantly Harmon Lee was on his feet, and began referring
+ to the points presented by his "very learned brother," in a
+ very flippant manner. There were those present who marked the
+ light that kindled in the eye of Wallace, and the flash that
+ passed over his countenance at the first contemptuous word
+ and tone that were uttered by his antagonist at the bar.
+ These soon gave place to attention, and an air of conscious
+ power. Nearly an hour had passed when Harmon resumed his seat
+ with a look of exultation, which was followed by a pitying
+ and contemptuous smile, as Wallace again slowly rose.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 25. Ten minutes, however, had not passed when that smile had
+ changed to a look of surprise, mortification, and alarm. The
+ young lawyer's first speech showed him to be a man of calm,
+ deep, systematic thought,&mdash;well skilled in points of law
+ and in authorities,&mdash;and, more than all, a lawyer of
+ practical and comprehensive views. When he sat down, no
+ important point in the case had been left untouched, and none
+ that had been touched, required further elucidation.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 20. Lee followed briefly, in a vain attempt to torture his
+ language and break down his positions. But he felt that he
+ was contending with weapons whose edges were turned at every
+ blow. When he took his seat again, Wallace merely remarked
+ that he was prepared, without further argument, to submit the
+ case to the court.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 27. The case was accordingly submitted, and a decision
+ unhesitatingly made in favor of the plaintiff, or Wallace's
+ client. From that hour James Wallace took his true position.
+ <i>The despised apprentice became the able and profound
+ lawyer,</i> and was esteemed for real talent and real moral
+ worth, which, when combined, ever place their possessor in
+ his true position. Ten years from that day, Wallace was
+ elevated to the bench, while Lee, a second-rate lawyer, never
+ rose above that position.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What profession did James study, after he
+ had learned his trade? 2. Who was his opponent in the first
+ cause he tried? 3. Which won the case? 4. What did James
+ finally become?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson46"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XLVI.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ TAUNT' ING LY, insultingly.<br>
+ DIG' NI FI ED, noble.<br>
+ DIS PU' TANTS, persons disputing.<br>
+ RES O LU' TION, decision.<br>
+ IM AG' IN ED, fancied.<br>
+ RE FLEC' TION, thought; consideration.<br>
+ SU PE RI OR' I TY, preeminence.<br>
+ SUB OR DI NATE, one inferior in position.<br>
+ BUF' FET ED, struggled against.<br>
+ THRALLS, bondage.<br>
+ DES POT' IC, tyrannical.<br>
+ OP PRES' SION, tyranny.<br>
+ PEN' U RY, poverty; destitution.<br>
+ PRED E CES' SORS, those who have gone before.<br>
+ DIS PEN SA' TIONS, dealings.<br>
+ CRI TE' RI ON, standard; measure.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ "SO WAS FRANKLIN."
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ ANON.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. "Oh, you're a <i>'prentice!</i>" said a little boy, the
+ other day, tauntingly, to his companion. The boy addressed
+ turned proudly round, and, while the fire of injured pride,
+ and the look of pity were strangely blended in his
+ countenance, coolly answered, "<i>So was Franklin!</i>"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. This dignified reply struck me forcibly, and I turned to
+ mark the disputants more closely. The former, I perceived by
+ his dress, was of a higher class in society than his humble,
+ yet more dignified companion. The latter was a sprightly,
+ active lad, scarce twelve years old, and coarsely, but neatly
+ attired. But, young as he was, there was visible in his
+ countenance much of genius, manly dignity, and determinate
+ resolution; while that of the former showed only fostered
+ pride, and the imagined superiority of riches.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. That little fellow, thought we, gazing at our young hero,
+ displays already much of the man, though his calling be a
+ humble one; and, though poverty extends to him her dreary,
+ cheerless reality, still he looks on the brightest side of
+ the scene, and already rises in anticipation from poverty and
+ wretchedness! Once, "<i>so was Franklin</i>" and the world
+ may one day witness in our little "<i>'prentice</i>" as great
+ a philosopher as they have already seen in his noble pattern!
+ And we passed on, buried in meditation.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. The motto of our infantile philosopher contains
+ much,&mdash;too much to be forgotten, and should be engraven
+ on the minds of all. What can better cheer man in a humble
+ calling, than the reflection that the greatest and the best
+ of earth&mdash;the greatest statesmen, the brightest
+ philosophers, and the proudest warriors&mdash;have once
+ graced the same profession?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5.<br>
+ "Look at Franklin! He who<br>
+ With the thunder talked, as friend to friend,<br>
+ And wove his garland of the lightning's wing,<br>
+ In sportive twist."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ What was he? A <i>printer!</i> once a subordinate in a
+ printing office! Poverty stared him in the face; but her
+ blank, hollow look, could nothing daunt him. He struggled
+ against a harder current than most are called to encounter;
+ but he did not yield. He pressed manfully onward; bravely
+ buffeted misfortune's billows, and gained the desired haven!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. Look at Cincinnatus! At the call of his country he laid
+ aside the plow and seized the sword. But having wielded it
+ with success, when his country was no longer endangered, and
+ public affairs needed not his longer stay, "he beat his sword
+ Into a ploughshare," and returned with honest delight to his
+ little farm.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. Look at Washington! What was his course of life? He was
+ first a <i>farmer;</i> next a <i>Commander in Chief</i> of
+ the hosts of freedom, fighting for the liberation of his
+ country from the thralls of despotic oppression; next, called
+ to the highest seat of government by his ransomed brethren, a
+ <i>President of the largest Republic on earth</i>, and
+ lastly, a <i>farmer</i> again.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. What was the famous Ben Jonson? He was first a
+ <i>brick-layer, or mason!</i> What was he in after years?
+ 'Tis needless to answer.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ What was Burns? An Ayrshire <i>plowman!</i> What was he in
+ after life, in the estimation of his countrymen, and the
+ world? Your library gives the answer!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. But shall we go on, and call up, in proud array, all the
+ mighty host of worthies that have lived and died, who were
+ cradled in the lap of penury, and received their first
+ lessons in the school of affliction'? Nay'; we have cited
+ instances enough already,&mdash;yea, more than enough to
+ prove the point in question&mdash;namely, <i>that there is no
+ profession, however low in the opinion of the world, but has
+ been honored with earth's greatest and worthiest.</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. Young man! Does the iron hand of misfortune press hard
+ upon you, and disappointments well-nigh sink your despairing
+ soul'? Have courage! Mighty ones have been your predecessors,
+ and have withstood the current of opposition that threatened
+ to overwhelm their fragile bark.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11. Do you despise your humble station, and repine that
+ Providence has not placed you in some nobler sphere'? Murmur
+ not against the dispensations of an All-wise Creator!
+ Remember that wealth is no criterion of moral rectitude or
+ intellectual worth,&mdash;that riches dishonestly gained, are
+ a lasting curse,&mdash;that virtue and uprightness work out a
+ rich reward,&mdash;and that
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+"An honest man's the noblest work of God."
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ 12. And when dark Disappointment comes, do not wither at her
+ stare; but press forward, and the prize is yours! It was thus
+ with <i>Franklin</i>,&mdash;it can be thus with <i>you</i>.
+ He strove for the prize, and he won it! So may <i>you!</i>
+ 'Tis well worth contending for; and may success attend you,
+ and the "stars" grow brighter, as the "stripes" wear deeper!
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What did the rich boy say of the poor
+ boy? 2. What reply did the poor boy make? 3. What other
+ examples are cited of eminent men who were once poor? 4. What
+ is said of Cincinnatus? 5. Of Washington? 6. Of Ben Jonson?
+ 7. Of Burns? 8. What do all these examples prove? 9. What
+ encouragement is given to young men? 10. What are the full
+ forms of the words <i>you're, 'prentice?</i>
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson47"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XLVII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ MAG'IC, power of enchantment.<br>
+ CONTEN'TION, strife; controversy.<br>
+ TRA DI'TION, facts or events handed down from age to
+ age.<br>
+ SUB TILE, thin; slight; slender.<br>
+ IN VEST'ED, clothed.<br>
+ CREST'ED, adorned with a plume or crest.<br>
+ AZ'URE, light-blue; sky-colored.<br>
+ PER SPECT' IVE, (PER, <i>through</i>; SPECT, <i>to see</i>;
+ IVE, <i>having the power</i>,) having the power to see
+ through; a view through.<br>
+ UN DI VERT' ED, (UN, <i>not</i>; DI, <i>aside</i>; VERTED,
+ <i>turned</i>,) not turned aside; unheeded.<br>
+ VEST'URE, garment.<br>
+ SE DATE', calm; quiet.<br>
+ FAN TAS'TIC, fanciful; visionary.<br>
+ RA DI ANCE, brightness; luster.<br>
+ IN VEC'TIVE, railing speech.<br>
+ I DE'AL, imaginary.<br>
+ FA TIGU ING, wearisome, toilsome.<br>
+ AS PIR'ING, aiming; seeking to rise.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ NOW AND THEN.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ JANE TAYLOR.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ 1. In distant days,&mdash;of wild romance,
+ Of magic, mist, and fable,&mdash;
+ When stones could argue, trees advance,[Footnote 1]
+ And brutes to talk were able,&mdash;
+ When shrubs and flowers were said to preach,
+ And manage all the parts of speech,&mdash;
+ 2. 'Twas <i>then</i>, no doubt, if 'twas at all,
+ (But doubts we need not mention,)
+ That <i>Then</i> and <i>Now</i>, two adverbs small,
+ Engaged in sharp contention;
+ But how they made each other hear,
+ Tradition doth not make appear.
+ 3. <i>Then</i> was a sprite of subtile frame,
+ With rainbow tints invested.&mdash;
+ On clouds of dazzling light she came,
+ And stars her forehead crested;
+ Her sparkling eyes of azure hue,
+ Seemed borrowed from the distant blue.
+ 4. <i>Now</i> rested on the solid earth,
+ And sober was her vesture;
+ She seldom either grief or mirth
+ Expressed, by word or gesture;
+ Composed, sedate, and firm she stood,
+ And looked industrious, calm, and good.
+ 5. <i>Then</i> sang a wild, fantastic song,
+ Light as the gale she flies on,
+ Still stretching, as she sailed along,
+ Toward the far horizon,
+ Where clouds of radiance, fringed with gold,
+ O'er hills of emerald beauty rolled.
+ 6. <i>Now</i> rarely raised her sober eye
+ To view that golden distance;
+ Nor let one idle minute fly
+ In hope of <i>Then's</i> assistance;
+ But still with busy hands she stood,
+ Intent on doing <i>present</i> good.
+ 7. She ate the sweet, but homely fare,
+ That passing moments brought her;
+ While <i>Then</i>, expecting dainties rare,
+ Despised such bread and water;
+ And waited for the fruits and flowers
+ Of future, still receding hours.
+ 8. <i>Now</i>, venturing once to ask her why,
+ She answered with invective;
+ And pointed, as she made reply,
+<i>Toward that long perspective
+ Of years to come</i>,&mdash;in distant blue,
+ Wherein she meant to <i>live</i> and <i>do</i>,
+ 9. "Alas!" says she, <i>"how hard you toil!</i>
+ With undiverted sadness;
+ Behold yon land of wine and oil!
+ Those sunny hills of gladness!
+ Those joys I wait, with eager brow,"
+<i>"And so you always will!"</i> said <i>Now</i>.
+10. "That fairy land that looks so real,
+ Recedes as you pursue it;
+ Thus, while you wait for time's ideal,
+<i>I take my work and do it;</i>
+ Intent to form, when time is gone,
+ A <i>pleasant past</i> to look upon."
+11. "Ah, well," said <i>Then</i>, "I envy not
+ Your dull, fatiguing labors,&mdash;
+ Aspiring to a brighter lot,
+ With thousands of my neighbors;
+ Soon as I reach that golden hill,"&mdash;
+ "But that," says <i>Now</i>, "you <i>never will!"</i>
+
+12. "And e'en suppose you should," said she,
+ "(Though mortal ne'er attained it,)
+ Your nature you must change with me,
+ The moment you have gained it;
+ Since hope fulfilled, (you must allow,)
+ Turns NOW to <i>Then</i>, and THEN to <i>Now</i>."
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ [Footnote 1: The reference is to Orpheus, (or' fuse,) an
+ ancient poet and musician of Greece. The skill of Orpheus on
+ the lyre, was fabled to have been such as to move the very
+ trees and rocks, and to assemble the beasts around him as he
+ touched its chords.]
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What two words are represented as holding
+ a controversy? 2. Describe the appearance of each. 3. When
+ did <i>Then</i> propose to do something? 4. How did Now act?
+ 5. What answer did <i>Then</i> make, when <i>Now</i> asked
+ her why she waited? 6. What was <i>Now's</i> reply? 7. What
+ did <i>Now</i> finally say to <i>Then</i>? 8. How should
+ passages, within a parenthesis, be read? See SANDERS' UNION
+ READER, NUMBER THREE, page 20.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson48"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XLVIII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ IN GEN' IOUS, artful; skillful.<br>
+ STRAT' A GEM, trick; artifice.<br>
+ EX CEED' ED, surpassed.<br>
+ SIG' NALS, signs.<br>
+ AM' I CA BLE, friendly; peaceable.<br>
+ RE PEL', (RE, <i>back</i>; PEL, <i>to drive</i>,)drive
+ back.<br>
+ MU' TU AL, reciprocal.<br>
+ EX TRAOR' DI NA RY, uncommon.<br>
+ IN VET' ER ATE, obstinate; violent.<br>
+ HARANGUE', declamatory speech.<br>
+ EN TER TAIN' ED, held; had.<br>
+ SUS PI' CION, mistrust.<br>
+ EN COUN' TER ED, met face to face.<br>
+ EX' E CU TED, carried out.<br>
+ FOR' MI DA BLE, fearful; dreadful.<br>
+ PER FID' I OUS, treacherous.<br>
+ PRE CIP' ITATELY, headlong.<br>
+ IN AN' I MATE, dead; lifeless.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ AN INGENIOUS STRATAGEM.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ DAYS OF WASHINGTON.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. In the early part of the war, a sergeant and twelve armed
+ men undertook a journey through the wilderness, in the State
+ of New Hampshire. Their route was remote from any settlement,
+ and they were under the necessity of encamping over night in
+ the woods. Nothing material happened the first day of their
+ excursion; but, early in the afternoon of the second, they,
+ from an eminence, discovered a body of armed Indians
+ advancing toward them, whose number rather exceeded their
+ own.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. As soon as the whites were perceived by their red
+ brethren, the latter made signals, and the two parties
+ approached each other in an amicable manner. The Indians
+ appeared to be much gratified with meeting the sergeant and
+ his men, whom, they observed, they considered as their
+ protectors. They said they belonged to a tribe which had
+ raised the hatchet with zeal in the cause of liberty, and
+ were determined to do all in their power to repel the common
+ enemy.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. They shook hands in friendship. When they had conversed
+ with each other for some time, and exchanged mutual good
+ wishes, they, at length, separated, and each party traveled
+ in a different direction. After proceeding to the distance of
+ a mile or more, the sergeant, who was acquainted with all the
+ different tribes, and knew on which side of the contest they
+ were respectively ranked, halted his men, and addressed them
+ in the following words:
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. "My brave companions, we must use the utmost caution, or
+ this night may be our last. Should we not make some
+ extraordinary exertions to defend ourselves, to-morrow's sun
+ may find us sleeping, never to wake. You are surprised,
+ comrades, at my words, and your anxiety will not be lessened,
+ when I inform you that we have just passed <i>our most
+ inveterate foe</i>, who, under the mask of pretended
+ friendship, which you have witnessed, would lull us to
+ security, and, by such means, in the unguarded moments of our
+ midnight slumber, without resistance, seal our fate."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. The men with astonishment listened to this short harangue;
+ and their surprise was greater, as not one of them had
+ entertained the suspicion but that they had just encountered
+ friends. They all immediately resolved to enter into some
+ scheme for their mutual preservation, and the destruction of
+ their enemies. By the proposal of their leader, the following
+ plan was adopted and executed.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. The spot selected for their night's encampment, was near a
+ stream of water, which served to cover their rear. They
+ felled a large tree, before which, on the approach of night,
+ a brilliant fire was lighted. Each individual cut a log of
+ wood, about the size of his body, rolled it nicely in his
+ blanket, placed his hat upon one end, and laid it before the
+ fire, that the enemy might be deceived, and mistake it for a
+ man.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. After they had thus fitted out logs, equal in number to
+ the sergeant's party, and had so artfully arranged them, that
+ they might be easily mistaken for so many soldiers, the men
+ with loaded muskets placed themselves behind the fallen tree,
+ by which time the shades of evening began to close around.
+ The fire was kept burning brilliantly until late in the
+ evening, when it was suffered to decline.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. The critical time was now approaching, when an attack
+ might be expected from the Indians; but the sergeant's men
+ rested in their place of concealment with great anxiety, till
+ near midnight, without perceiving any movement of the enemy.
+ At length, a tall Indian was discovered, through the
+ glimmering of the fire, cautiously moving toward them, making
+ no noise, and apparently using every means in his power to
+ conceal himself from any one about the camp.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. For a time, his actions showed him to be suspicious that a
+ guard might be stationed to watch any unusual appearance, who
+ would give the alarm in case of danger; but, all appearing
+ quiet, he ventured forward more boldly, rested upon his toes,
+ and was distinctly seen to move his finger as he numbered
+ each log of wood, or what he supposed to be a human being
+ quietly enjoying repose.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. To satisfy himself more fully, as to the number, he
+ counted them over a second time, and cautiously retired. He
+ was succeeded by another Indian, who went through the same
+ movements, and retired in the same manner. Soon after, the
+ whole party, sixteen in number, were discovered approaching,
+ and greedily eyeing their supposed victims.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11. The feelings of the sergeant's men can be better imagined
+ than described, when they saw the base and cruel purpose of
+ their enemies, who were now so near that they could scarcely
+ be restrained from firing upon them. The plan, however, of
+ the sergeant, was to have his men remain silent in their
+ places of concealment, till the muskets of the savages were
+ discharged, that their own fire might be effectual, and
+ opposition less formidable.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 12. Their suspense was not of long duration. The Indians, in
+ a body, cautiously approached till within a short distance:
+ they then halted, took deliberate aim, discharged their
+ pieces upon inanimate logs, gave a dreadful war-whoop, and
+ instantly rushed forward, with tomahawk and scalping knife in
+ hand, to dispatch the living, and obtain the scalps of the
+ dead.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 13. As soon as they had collected in close order, more
+ effectually to execute their horrid intentions, the
+ sergeant's party discharged their pieces, not on logs of
+ wood, but perfidious savages,&mdash;many of whom fell under
+ the hot fire of the little band, and the rest precipitately
+ fled. But for this ingenious scheme, it is probable that not
+ one of these twelve men would have escaped the tomahawk of
+ the savages.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What did the sergeant say to his men,
+ after parting with the Indians? 2. What plan did the sergeant
+ propose for their preservation? 3. Did the plan succeed? 4.
+ Describe the closing scene.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson49"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XLIX.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ VEN' ER A BLE, worthy of reverence.<br>
+ IN VA' SION, irruption; inroad.<br>
+ EX CIT' ED, roused; stirred up.<br>
+ IRE, wrath; indignation.<br>
+ VENGE' ANCE, retaliation.<br>
+ RE LEAS' ED, set free; liberated.<br>
+ TRO PHIES, memorials of victory.<br>
+ BE REFT', deprived.<br>
+ VULT' URE, rapacious bird.<br>
+ TRAV' ERS ED, crossed over.<br>
+ DE SCRIP' TION, representation.<br>
+ MA TER' NAL, motherly.<br>
+ FIL' IAL, becoming a child.<br>
+ CON SAN GUIN' I TY, blood relationship.<br>
+ IN TEL' LI GENCE, news; information.<br>
+ I DEN' TI TY, sameness.<br>
+ SUR VIV' ED, remained alive.<br>
+ AS CER TAIN' ED, found out.<br>
+ IN TER' PRET ER, explainer.<br>
+ LIN' E A MENTS, features.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ FRANCES SLOCUM, THE YOUNG CAPTIVE.
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ [Footnote: The great massacre at Wyoming was, perhaps, the
+ most bloody and terrible chapter of the Revolution. A
+ combined Indian and Tory force had flung itself upon the
+ peaceful valley, and murdered or made captive nearly all its
+ unoffending inhabitants; its old and its young,&mdash;men,
+ women, and children alike,&mdash;were either indiscriminately
+ butchered or made prisoners. Among the prisoners taken on
+ that occasion, was an infant child by the name of Frances
+ Slocum. The story is a very strange one; we copy it from
+ Lossing's very excellent work, "The Field Book of the
+ Revolution."]
+ </p>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ B.J. LOSSING.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. I passed the evening with the venerable Joseph Slocum,
+ whose family was among the sufferers, in Wyoming Valley. He
+ related to me all the particulars of the capture and final
+ discovery of his sister Frances, and other incidents
+ connected with the sufferings of his family.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. His father was a Quaker, and was distinguished for his
+ kindness to the Indians. He remained unharmed at the time of
+ the invasion, and, while the torch was applied to the
+ dwellings of others, <i>his</i> was left untouched. But his
+ son Giles was in the battle. This, doubtless, excited the ire
+ of the Indians, and they resolved on vengeance. 3. Late in
+ the autumn, they were seen prowling about the house, which
+ was situated about one hundred rods from the Wilkesbarre
+ Fort. A neighbor, named Kingsley, had been made prisoner, and
+ his wife and two sons had a welcome home in Mr. Slocum's
+ family. One morning, the boys were grinding a knife near the
+ house, when a rifle-shot and a shriek brought Mrs. Slocum to
+ the door. An Indian was scalping the eldest boy, a lad of
+ fifteen, with the knife he had been grinding.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. The savage then went into the house, and caught up a
+ little son of Mrs. Slocum. "See!" exclaimed the frightened
+ mother, "he can do thee no good; he is lame." The Indian
+ released the boy, took up her little daughter Frances, aged
+ five years, gently in his arms, and, seizing the younger
+ Kingsley, hastened to the mountains.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. Two Indians who were with him, carried off a black girl,
+ about seventeen years of age. Mr. Slocum's daughter caught up
+ her brother Joseph, (my informant,) two and a half years old,
+ and fled in safety to the fort, where an alarm was given; but
+ the savages were beyond successful pursuit.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. About six weeks afterward, Mr. Slocum and his
+ father-in-law Ira Tripp, were shot and scalped by some
+ Indians while foddering cattle near the house. Again the
+ savages escaped with their horrid trophies. Mrs. Slocum,
+ bereft of father, husband, and child, and stripped of all
+ possessions but the house that sheltered her, could not leave
+ the valley, for nine helpless children were yet in her
+ household.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. She trusted in the God of Elijah; and, if she was not fed
+ by the ravens, she was spared by the vultures. She mourned
+ not for the dead; for they were at rest: but little Frances,
+ her lost darling, where was she? The lamp of hope kept on
+ burning; but years rolled by, and no tidings of the little
+ one came.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. When peace returned, and friendly intercourse with Canada
+ was established, two of the little captive's brothers started
+ in search of her. They traversed the wilderness to Niagara,
+ offering rewards for her recovery; but all in vain. They
+ returned to Wyoming, convinced that the child was dead. But
+ the mother's heart was still the shrine of hope, and she felt
+ assured that Frances was not in the grave.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. Her soul appeared to commune with that of her child, and
+ she often said, "I know Frances is still living." At length,
+ the mother's heart was cheered: a woman (for many years had
+ now passed, and Frances, if living, must have arrived to
+ womanhood) was found among the Indians, answering the
+ description of the lost one. She only remembered being
+ carried away from the Susquehanna.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. Mrs. Slocum took her home, and cherished her with a
+ mother's tenderness. Yet the mysterious link of sympathy
+ which binds the maternal spirit to its offspring, was unfelt,
+ and the bereaved mother was bereaved still. "It may be
+ Frances, but it does not seem so; yet the woman shall ever be
+ welcome," said Mrs. Slocum. The foundling, also, felt no
+ filial yearnings; and, both becoming convinced that no
+ consanguinity existed, the orphan returned to her Indian
+ friends.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11. From time to time, the hope of the mother would be
+ revived, and journeys were made to distant Indian settlements
+ in search of the lost sister; but in vain. The mother went
+ "down into the grave, mourning," and little Frances was
+ almost forgotten. Her brothers had become aged men, and their
+ grandchildren were playing upon the very spot, whence she had
+ been taken.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 12. In the summer of 1837, fifty-nine years after her
+ capture, intelligence of Frances was received. Colonel Ewing,
+ an Indian agent and trader, in a letter from Logansport,
+ Indiana, to the editor of the <i>Lancaster Intelligencer</i>,
+ gave such information, that all doubts respecting her
+ identity were removed; and Joseph Slocum, with the sister who
+ carried him to the fort, and yet survived, immediately
+ journeyed to Ohio, where they were joined by their younger
+ brother Isaac.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 13. They proceeded to Logansport, where they found Mr. Ewing,
+ and ascertained that the woman spoken of by him, lived about
+ twelve miles from the village. She was immediately sent for;
+ and, toward evening the next day, she came into the town,
+ riding a spirited young horse, accompanied by her two
+ daughters, and the husband of one of them,&mdash;all dressed
+ in full Indian costume.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 14. An interpreter was procured, (for she could not speak or
+ understand English,) and she listened seriously to what her
+ brothers had to say. She answered but little, and, at sunset,
+ departed for her home, promising to return the next morning.
+ The brother and sister were quite sure that it was indeed
+ Frances, though in her face nothing but Indian lineaments
+ were seen, her color alone revealing her origin.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 15. True to her appointment, she appeared the following
+ morning, accompanied as before. Mr. Joseph Slocum then
+ mentioned a mark of recognition, which, his mother had said,
+ was a sure test. While playing, one day, with a hammer in a
+ blacksmith's shop, Joseph, then a child two and a half years
+ old, gave Frances a blow upon the middle finger of the left
+ hand, which crushed the bone, and deprived the finger of its
+ nail.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 16. This test Mr. Slocum had withheld until others should
+ fail. When he mentioned it, the aged woman was greatly
+ agitated; and, while tears filled the furrows of her face,
+ she held out the wounded finger. There was no longer a doubt,
+ and a scene of great interest ensued. Her affections for her
+ kindred, that had slumbered half a century, were aroused, and
+ she made earnest inquiries after her father, mother,
+ brothers, and sisters. Her full heart&mdash;full with the
+ cherished secrets of her history&mdash;was opened, and the
+ story of her life freely given.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 17. She said the savages, who were Delawares, after taking
+ her to a rocky cave in the mountains, departed to the Indian
+ country. The first night was the unhappiest of her life. She
+ was kindly treated,&mdash;being carried tenderly in their
+ arms when she was weary. She was adopted in an Indian family,
+ and brought up as their daughter. For years she lived a
+ roving life, and loved it. She was taught the use of the bow
+ and arrow, and became expert in all the employments of savage
+ existence.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 18. When she was grown to womanhood, both her Indian parents
+ died, and she soon afterward married a young chief of the
+ nation, and removed to the Ohio country. She was treated with
+ more respect than the Indian women generally; and so happy
+ was she in her domestic relations, that the chance of being
+ discovered, and compelled to return among the whites, was the
+ greatest evil that she feared; for she had been taught that
+ they were the implacable enemies of the Indians, whom she
+ loved.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 19. Her husband died; and, her people having joined the
+ Miamies, she went with them, and married one of that tribe.
+ The last husband was also dead, and she had been a widow many
+ years. Children and grandchildren were around her, and her
+ life was passing pleasantly away. When she concluded the
+ narrative, she lifted her right hand in a solemn manner, and
+ said, "All this is as true as that there is a Great Spirit in
+ the heavens!" she had entirely forgotten her native language,
+ and was a pagan.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 20. On the day after the second interview, the brothers and
+ sisters, with the interpreter, rode out to her dwelling. It
+ was a well-built log-house, in the midst of cultivation. A
+ large herd of cattle and sixty horses were grazing in the
+ pasture. Everything betokened plenty and comfort; for she was
+ wealthy, when her wants and her means were compared. Her
+ annuity from government, which she received as one of the
+ Miami tribe, had been saved, and she had about one thousand
+ dollars in specie.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 21. Her white friends passed several days very agreeably with
+ her; and subsequently her brother Joseph, with his daughter,
+ the wife of the Hon. Mr. Bennet, of Wyoming, made her another
+ visit, and bade her a last farewell. She died a few years
+ ago, and was buried with considerable pomp; for she was
+ regarded as a queen among her tribe.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. Where is the Wyoming Valley? 2. Relate
+ the incidents connected with the capture of little Frances.
+ 3. What efforts were made to find her? 4. How many years
+ after her capture before she was found? 5. Where did they
+ find her? 6. By what test did Mr. Slocum prove that she was
+ his sister? 7. What history did she relate of herself? 8.
+ Describe her home.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson50"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON L.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ FRING' ING, bordering; edging.<br>
+ LEDGE, layer; ridge.<br>
+ DAI SY, (literally <i>day's eye</i>,) a little wild flower
+ very common in summer.<br>
+ RI' OT OUS, noisy; reveling.<br>
+ BOIS' TER OUS, tumultuous; violent.<br>
+ CULL' ING, selecting; picking.<br>
+ BOU QUETS', (<i>boo kas</i>,) bunches of flowers.<br>
+ SULK' Y, morose.<br>
+ BOTH' ER ING, perplexing.<br>
+ UN WONT' ED, rare: uncommon.<br>
+ TE' DI OUS, tiresome; wearisome.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ THE RAIN-DROPS.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ DELIA LOUISE COLTON.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+1. <i>The silver rain, the golden rain,</i>
+<i>The tripping, dancing, laughing rain!</i>
+ Stringing its pearls on the green leaf's edge,
+ Fringing with gems the brown rock's ledge,
+ Spinning a vail for the water-fall,
+ And building an amber-colored wall
+ Across the West where the sun-beams fall:
+<i>The gentle rain</i>, in the shady lane,
+<i>The pattering, peering, winning rain!</i>
+2. <i>The noisy rain, the marching rain,</i>
+<i>The rushing tread of the heavy rain!</i>
+ Pouring its rivers from out the blue,
+ Down on the grass where the daisies grew,
+ Darting in clouds of angry drops
+ Across the hills and the green tree-tops,
+ And kissing, at last, in its giant glee,
+ The foaming lips of the great green sea:
+<i>The fierce, wild rain, the riotous rain,</i>
+<i>The boisterous, dashing, shouting rain!</i>
+3. <i>The still night rain, the solemn rain!</i>
+<i>The soldier-step of the midnight rain!</i>
+ With its measured beat on the roof o'erhead,
+ With its tidings sweet of the faithful dead,
+ Whispers from loves who are laid asleep
+ Under the sod where the myrtles creep,
+ Culling bouquets from the sun-lit past,
+ Of flowers too sweet, too fair to last:
+<i>The faithful rain, the untiring rain,</i>
+<i>The cooing, sobbing, weeping rain!</i>
+4. <i>The sulky rain, the spiteful rain,</i>
+<i>The bothering, pilfering, thieving rain!</i>
+ Creeping so lazily over the sky,
+ A leaden mask o'er a bright blue eye,
+ And shutting in, with its damp, strong hands,
+ The rosy faces in curls, and bands
+ Of girls who think, with unwonted frown
+ Of the charming laces and things down-town,
+ That might as well for this tiresome rain,
+ Be in the rose land of Almahain:
+<i>The horrid rain, the tedious rain,</i>
+<i>The never-ending, dingy rain!</i>
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What is the meaning of the suffix
+ <i>ing</i>, in such words as <i>tripping, dancing,
+ laughing</i>, &amp;c.? See SANDERS &amp; McELLIGOTT'S
+ ANALYSIS, page 153, Ex. 206. 2. What is the use of the hyphen
+ in such words as <i>water-fall, amber-colored</i>, &amp;c.?
+ See SANDERS' NEW SPELLER, page l65.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson51"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LI.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ LAV' ISH, liberal; profuse.<br>
+ PER' FUMES, pleasant odors.<br>
+ HAR MO' NI OUS, concordant.<br>
+ RAPT' URE, extreme joyousness.<br>
+ GERMS, seed-buds; beginnings.<br>
+ PAR'TICLES, minute parts; atoms.<br>
+ MOTES, very small particles.<br>
+ VENT' URE, dare; have courage.<br>
+ COL' UMNS, pillars.<br>
+ DOME, arched roof; cupola.<br>
+ TI' NY, very small.<br>
+ ES' SENCE, perfume.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ "SMALL THINGS."
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ F. BENNOCH.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+1. Who dares to scorn the meanest thing,
+ The humblest weed that grows,
+ While pleasure spreads its joyous wing
+ On every breeze that blows?
+ The simplest flower that, hidden, blooms
+ The lowest on the ground,
+ Is lavish of its rare perfumes,
+ And scatters sweetness round.
+2. The poorest friend upholds a part
+ Of life's harmonious plan;
+ The weakest hand may have the art
+ To serve the strongest man.
+ The bird that highest, clearest sings,
+ To greet the morning's birth,
+ Falls down to drink, with folded wings,
+ Love's rapture on the earth.
+3. From germs too small for mortal sight
+ Grow all things that are seen,
+ Their floating particles of light
+ Weave Nature's robe of green.
+ The motes that fill the sunny rays
+ Build ocean, earth, and sky,&mdash;
+ The wondrous orbs that round us blaze
+ Are motes to Deity!
+4. Life, love, devotion, closely twine,
+ Like tree, and flower, and fruit;
+ They ripen by a power divine,
+ Though fed by leaf and root.
+ And he who would be truly great,
+ Must venture to be small;
+ On airy columns rests the dome
+ That, shining, circles all.
+5. Small duties grow to mighty deeds;
+ Small words to thoughts of power;
+ Great forests spring from tiny seeds,
+ As moments make the hour.
+ And life, howe'er it lowly grows,
+ The essence to it given,
+ Like odor from the breathing rose,
+ Floats evermore to Heaven.
+</pre>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson52"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ EX TINCT', extinguished.<br>
+ IN COR' PO RA TED, united.<br>
+ TAC' IT, silent; implied.<br>
+ SUB SIST' ED, existed.<br>
+ HOS PI TAL' I TY, kind treatment.<br>
+ IN POR' TU NATE, urgent; pressing.<br>
+ EN CROACH' MENT, intrusion.<br>
+ IR' RI TA TED, provoked; exasperated.<br>
+ MAS' SA CRE, (<i>mas' sa ker</i>,) slaughter.<br>
+ GRAV' I TY, seriousness.<br>
+ DE LIB' ER ATE, take council.<br>
+ TREA' SON, treachery; disloyalty.<br>
+ AP PRIS' ING, informing.<br>
+ BE TRAY', expose.<br>
+ IN VIN CI BLE, unconquerable.<br>
+ WAX' ED, became, grew.<br>
+ BE SOUGHT', entreated; implored.<br>
+ SUF FICE, (<i>c like z</i>,) prove sufficient.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ MURDERER'S CREEK.
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ [Footnote: In Orange County, New York.]
+ </p>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ JAMES K. PAULDING.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. Little more than a century ago, the beautiful region
+ watered by this stream, was possessed by a small tribe of
+ Indians, which has long since become extinct, or incorporated
+ with some other savage nation of the West. Three or four
+ hundred yards from where the stream discharges itself into
+ the Hudson, a white family, of the name of Stacy, had
+ established itself in a log-house, by tacit permission of the
+ tribe, to whom Stacy had made himself useful by his skill in
+ a variety of little arts, highly estimated by the savages.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. In particular, a friendship subsisted between him and an
+ old Indian, called Na&ouml;man, who often came to his house,
+ and partook of his hospitality. <i>The Indians never forgive
+ injuries, nor forget benefits</i>. The family consisted of
+ Stacy, his wife, and two children, a boy and a girl, the
+ former five, the latter three years old.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. One day, Na&ouml;man came to Stacy's log-hut, in his
+ absence, lighted his pipe, and sat down. He looked very
+ serious, sometimes sighed deeply, but said not a word.
+ Stacy's wife asked him what was the matter,&mdash;if he was
+ sick. He shook his head, sighed, but said nothing, and soon
+ went away. The next day, he came again and behaved in the
+ same manner. Stacy's wife began to think strange of this, and
+ related it to her husband, who advised her to urge the old
+ man to an explanation the next time he came.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. Accordingly, when he repeated his visit the day after, she
+ was more importunate than usual. At last, the old Indian
+ said. "I am a red man, and the pale faces are our enemies:
+ why should I speak?"&mdash;"But my husband and I are your
+ friends: you have eaten salt with us a thousand times, and my
+ children have sat on your knees as often. If you have
+ anything on your mind, tell it me."&mdash;"It will cost me my
+ life if it is known, and the white-faced women are not good
+ at keeping secrets," replied Na&ouml;man.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. "Try me, and see."&mdash;"Will you swear by your Great
+ Spirit that you will tell none but your husband?"&mdash;"I
+ have none else to tell."&mdash;"But will you swear?"&mdash;"I
+ do swear by our Great Spirit, I will tell none but my
+ husband."&mdash;"Not if my tribe should <i>kill you</i> for
+ not telling?"&mdash;"Not if your tribe should kill me for not
+ telling."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. Na&ouml;man then proceeded to tell her that, owing to some
+ encroachments of the white people below the mountains, his
+ tribe had become irritated, and were resolved that night to
+ massacre all the white settlers within their reach; that she
+ must send for her husband, inform him of the danger, and, as
+ secretly and speedily as possible, take their canoe and
+ paddle, with all haste, over the river to Fishkill for
+ safety. "Be quick, and do nothing that may excite suspicion,"
+ said Na&ouml;man, as he departed.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. The good wife sought her husband, who was down on the
+ river fishing, told him the story, and, as no time was to be
+ lost, they proceeded to their boat, which was unluckily
+ filled with water. It took some time to clear it out, and,
+ meanwhile, Stacy recollected his gun, which had been left
+ behind. He proceeded to the house, and returned with it. All
+ this took up considerable time, and precious time it proved
+ to this poor family.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. The daily visits of old Na&ouml;man, and his more than
+ ordinary gravity, had excited suspicion in some of the tribe,
+ who had, accordingly, paid particular attention to the
+ movements of Stacy. One of the young Indians, who had been
+ kept on the watch, seeing the whole family about to take to
+ the boat, ran to the little Indian village, about a mile off,
+ and gave the alarm. Five Indians collected, ran down to the
+ river, where their canoes were moored, jumped in, and paddled
+ after Stacy, who, by this time, had got some distance out
+ into the stream.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. They gained on him so fast, that twice he dropped his
+ paddle, and took up his gun. But his wife prevented his
+ shooting by telling him that, if he fired, and they were
+ afterwards overtaken, they would meet with no mercy from the
+ Indians. He accordingly refrained, and plied his paddle till
+ the sweat rolled in big drops down his forehead. All would
+ not do; they were overtaken within a hundred yards from the
+ shore, and carried back with shouts of yelling triumph.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. When they got ashore, the Indians set fire to Stacy's
+ house, and dragged himself, his wife, and children, to their
+ village. Here the principal old men, and Na&ouml;man among
+ them, assembled to deliberate on the affair. The chief men of
+ the council stated that some of the tribe had, undoubtedly,
+ been guilty of treason, in apprising Stacy, the white man, of
+ the designs of the tribe, whereby they took the alarm, and
+ well-nigh escaped.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11. He proposed to examine the prisoners, to learn who gave
+ the information. The old men assented to this, and
+ Na&ouml;man among the rest. Stacy was first interrogated by
+ one of the old men, who spoke English and interpreted to the
+ others. Stacy refused to betray his informant. His wife was
+ then questioned; while, at the same moment, two Indians stood
+ threatening the two children, with tomahawks, in case she did
+ not confess.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 12. She attempted to evade the truth, by declaring she had a
+ dream the night before, which alarmed her, and that she had
+ persuaded her husband to fly. "The Great Spirit never deigns
+ to talk in dreams to a white face," said the old Indian.
+ "Woman, thou hast two tongues, and two faces. Speak the
+ truth, or thy children shall surely die." The little boy and
+ girl were then brought close to her, and the two savages
+ stood over them, ready to execute their bloody orders.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 13. "Wilt thou name," said the old Indian, "the red man who
+ betrayed his tribe? I will ask thee three times." The mother
+ answered not. "Wilt thou name the traitor? This is the second
+ time." The poor mother looked at her husband, and then at her
+ children, and stole a glance at Na&ouml;man, who sat smoking
+ his pipe with invincible gravity.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 14. She wrung her hands, and wept; but remained silent. "Wilt
+ thou name the traitor? 'Tis the third and last time." The
+ agony of the mother waxed more bitter; again she sought the
+ eye of Na&ouml;man; but it was cold and motionless. A pause
+ of a moment awaited her reply, and the tomahawks were raised
+ over the heads of the children, who besought their mother not
+ to let them be murdered.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 15. "Stop!" cried Na&ouml;man. All eyes were turned upon him.
+ "Stop!" repeated he, in a tone of authority. "White woman,
+ thou hast kept thy word with me to the last moment. <i>I am
+ the traitor</i>. I have eaten of the salt, warmed myself at
+ the fire, shared the kindness, of these Christian white
+ people, and it was <i>I</i> that told them of their danger. I
+ am a withered, leafless, branchless trunk. Cut me down, if
+ you will: I am ready."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 16. A yell of indignation sounded on all sides. Na&ouml;man
+ descended from the little bank where he sat, shrouded his
+ face with his mantle of skins, and submitted to his fate. He
+ fell dead at the feet of the white woman by a blow of the
+ tomahawk.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 17. But the sacrifice of Na&ouml;man, and the firmness of the
+ Christian white woman, did not suffice to save the lives of
+ the other victims. They perished,&mdash;how, it is needless
+ to say; and the memory of their fate has been preserved in
+ the name of the pleasant stream, on whose banks they lived
+ and died, which, to this day, is called MURDERER'S CREEK.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. Where is Murderer's Creek? 2. What is
+ said of Na&ouml;man and Stacy's family? 3. Why did
+ Na&ouml;man, at first, refuse to tell Mrs. Stacy of her
+ danger? 4. Did Stacy's family make their escape? 5. Where
+ were they taken? 6. Did Mrs. Stacy tell who had informed her?
+ 7. What measures did the Indians adopt, to make her tell?
+ What did Na&ouml;man say? 9. What did the Indians do with
+ Na&ouml;man and Stacy's family?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson53"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LIII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ PER' IL OUS, hazardous; dangerous.<br>
+ DE FILES', narrow passages.<br>
+ PREC' I PIC ES, steep descents.<br>
+ SOL'I TUDE, lonely places.<br>
+ AM MU NI' TION, military stores, as powder, balls,
+ &amp;c.<br>
+ DRA GOONS, mounted soldiers.<br>
+ SUM' MIT, top; highest point.<br>
+ AV A LANCHE', snow-slip.<br>
+ CROUCH' ED, cringed.<br>
+ AD VANCE', forward; proceed.<br>
+ BE NUMB' ED, deprived of feeling.<br>
+ EX PLOITS', heroic deeds.<br>
+ IL LUS' TRATES, explains; makes clear.<br>
+ HE RO'IC, brave; fearless.<br>
+ UN FLINCH'ING, determined; resolute.<br>
+ &nbsp;<br>
+ BAY' O NET, a short, pointed instrument of iron, or broad
+ dagger, fitted to the barrel of a gun. It is so called,
+ because the first bayonets were made at Bayonne, in France.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ NAPOLEON'S ARMY CROSSING THE ALPS.
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ 1. When Napoleon was carrying war into Italy, he ordered one
+ of his officers, Marshal Macdonald, to cross the Splugen with
+ fifteen thousand soldiers, and join him on the plains below.
+ The Splugen is one of the four great roads which cross the
+ Alps from Switzerland to Italy.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. When Macdonald received the order, it was about the last
+ of November, and the winter storms were raging among the
+ mountain passes. It was a perilous undertaking, yet he must
+ obey; and the men began their terrible march through narrow
+ defiles and overhanging precipices, six thousand feet up, up
+ among the gloomy solitudes of the Alps.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. The cannon were placed on sleds drawn by oxen, and the
+ ammunition was packed on mules. First came the guides,
+ sticking their long poles in the snow, in order to find the
+ path; then came workmen to clear away the drifts; then the
+ dragoons, mounted on their most powerful horses, to beat down
+ the track; after which followed the main body of the army.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. They encountered severe storms and piercing cold. When
+ half-way up the summit, a rumbling noise was heard among the
+ cliffs. The guides looked at each other in alarm; for they
+ knew well what it meant. It grew louder and louder. "<i>An
+ avalanche! an avalanche!</i>" they shrieked, and the next
+ moment a field of ice and snow came leaping down the
+ mountain, striking the line of march, and sweeping thirty
+ dragoons in a wild plunge below. The black forms of the
+ horses and their riders were seen for an instant struggling
+ for life, and then they disappeared forever.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. The sight struck the soldiers with horror; they crouched
+ and shivered in the blast. Their enemy was not now flesh and
+ blood, but wild winter storms; swords and bayonets could not
+ defend them from the desolating avalanche. Flight or retreat
+ was hopeless; for all around lay the drifted snow, like a
+ vast winding-sheet. On they must go, or death was certain,
+ and the brave men struggled forward.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. "Soldiers!" exclaimed their commander, "you are called to
+ Italy; your general needs you. Advance and conquer, first the
+ mountain and the snow, then the plains and the enemy!"
+ Blinded by the winds, benumbed with the cold, and far beyond
+ the reach of aid, Macdonald and his men pressed on. Sometimes
+ a whole company of soldiers were suddenly swept away by an
+ avalanche.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. On one occasion, a poor drummer, crawling out from the
+ mass of snow, which had torn him from his comrades, began to
+ beat his drum for relief. The muffled sound came up from his
+ gloomy resting-place, and was heard by his brother soldiers;
+ but none could go to his rescue. For an hour, he beat
+ rapidly, then the strokes grew fainter, until they were heard
+ no more, and the poor drummer laid himself down to die. Two
+ weeks were occupied in this perilous march, and two hundred
+ men perished in the undertaking.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. This passage of the Splugen is one of the bravest exploits
+ in the history of Napoleon's generals, and illustrates the
+ truth of the proverb, "<i>Where there is a will there is a
+ way</i>." No one can read the heroic deeds of brave men
+ grappling with danger and death, without a feeling of respect
+ and admiration; but heroic deeds are always the fruit of
+ <i>toil</i> and <i>self-sacrifice</i>. <i>No one can
+ accomplish great things, unless he aims at great things, and
+ pursues that aim with unflinching courage and
+ perseverance.</i>
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What orders had Napoleon given to Marshal
+ Macdonald? 2. What time of year was it? 3. Describe the march
+ of the army over the Alps. 4. What disaster occurred to them?
+ 5. How did their commander address the army? 6 Describe the
+ drummer boy's fate. 7. How many men perished? 8. What does
+ this exploit of the army illustrate? 9. What is said of
+ heroic deeds?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson54"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LIV.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ PROV' ERBS, sayings; maxims.<br>
+ TRAC' ED, shown; marked out.<br>
+ WOO ERS, suitors; lovers.<br>
+ DENSE, close; thick.<br>
+ STRIV' ING, making efforts.<br>
+ CON TROL', restraint; government.<br>
+ COPE, strive; contend.<br>
+ DE FY' ING, daring; outbraving.<br>
+ GHOST, specter; apparition.<br>
+ RE LY' ING, trusting; depending.<br>
+ WIN' NING, getting; gaining.<br>
+ BRAM' BLES, prickly shrubs.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ WHERE THERE'S A WILL THERE'S A WAY.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ ELIZA COOK.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+1. We have faith in old proverbs full surely,
+ For wisdom has traced what they tell,
+ And truth may be drawn up as purely
+ From them, as it may from a "well."
+ Let us question the thinkers and doers,
+ And hear what they honestly say,
+ And you'll find they believe, like bold wooers,
+ In "<i>Where there's a WILL there's a WAY.</i>"
+2. The hills have been high for man's mounting,
+ The woods have been dense for his ax,
+ The stars have been thick for his counting,
+ The sands have been wide for his tracks.
+ The sea has been deep for his diving,
+ The poles have been broad for his sway,
+ But bravely he's proved by his striving,
+ That "<i>Where there's a WILL there's a WAY.</i>"
+3. Have ye vices that ask a destroyer,
+ Or passions that need your control?
+ Let Reason become your employer,
+ And your body be ruled by your soul.
+ Fight on, though ye bleed at the trial,
+ Resist with all strength that ye may,
+ Ye may conquer Sin's host by denial,
+ For, "<i>Where there's a WILL there's a WAY.</i>"
+4. Have ye poverty's pinching to cope with'?
+ Does suffering weigh down your might'?
+ Only call up a spirit to hope with,
+ And dawn may come out of the night.
+ Oh! much may be done by defying
+ The ghost of Despair and Dismay,
+ And much may be gained by relying
+ On "<i>Where there's a WILL there's a WAY.</i>"
+5. Should ye see afar off that worth winning,
+ Set out on a journey with trust,
+ And ne'er heed though your path at beginning
+ Should be among brambles and dust.
+ Though it is by footsteps ye do it,
+ And hardships may hinder and stay,
+ Keep a heart and be sure ye go through it,
+ For, "<i>Where there's a WILL there's a WAY.</i>"
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What is the meaning of this proverb,
+ "<i>Where there's a WILL there's a WAY?</i>" 2. What
+ instances can you mention in which its truth has been
+ realized? 3. Do you apply this proverb in getting your
+ lessons?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson55"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LV.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ TAL' IS MAN, charm; amulet.<br>
+ VAN, front or head of an army.<br>
+ FI' ER Y, ardent; passionate.<br>
+ PLUMES, supplies with feathers.<br>
+ TENSE' LY, tightly.<br>
+ SWERVES, deviates.<br>
+ DAUNT, frighten; terrify.<br>
+ BAN' ISH, expel; drive away.<br>
+ &nbsp;<br>
+ TEL EGRAPH,(TELE,<i>far off</i>; GRAPH, <i>writing or
+ marking</i>,) a machine to convey news far off. See SANDERS'
+ NEW SPELLER, p. 161, Ex. 419.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ "I CAN!"
+ </h4>
+ <pre>
+1. "I CAN!" oh yes,&mdash;we <i>know</i> you can!
+ We read it in your eye;
+ There is a mystic talisman
+ Flashing all gloriously!
+ Speak it out boldly, let it ring,
+ There is a volume there,
+ There's meaning in the eagle's wing
+<i>Then soar, and do, and dare!</i>
+2. "I CAN!" climbs to the mountain top,
+ And plows the billowy main;
+ He lifts the hammer in the shop,
+ And drives the saw and plane;
+ He's fearless in the battle shock,
+ And always leads the van
+ Of young America's brave sons,&mdash;
+ They never quailed nor ran.
+3. "I CAN!" He is a fiery youth,
+ And WILL a brother twin,
+ And, arm in arm, in love and truth.
+ They'll either die or win.
+ Shoulder to shoulder, ever ready,
+ All firm and fearless still
+ These brothers labor,&mdash;true and steady,&mdash;
+ "I CAN," and brave "I WILL."
+4. "I CAN," e'en on his pleasure trips,
+ Travels by telegraph;
+ He plumes the snowy wing of ships,
+ And never works by half;
+ His music is the humming loom,
+ And shuttles are his dancers.,
+ Then clear the way, and quick give room
+ For the noble-souled "I CAN," sirs!
+5. "I CAN!" Indeed, we <i>know</i> you can!
+ 'Tis lithe in every limb,
+ To your blood 'tis a busy fan,
+ How can the flame burn dim?
+ It tensely draws your sturdy nerves,&mdash;
+ No bow's without a string,
+ And when nor bow nor bow-string swerves,
+ An arrow's on the wing.
+6. There is a magic in the power
+ Of an unbending <i>will</i>,
+ That makes us stronger every hour,
+ For greater efforts still.
+ Then banish from you every CAN'T,
+ And show yourself a MAN,
+ And nothing will your purpose daunt,
+ Led by the brave "I CAN!"
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What does "<i>I can</i>" do? 2. Who is
+ called his twin brother? 3. What is said of an unbending
+ will?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson56"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LVI.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ CAS' ED, invested.<br>
+ ARM' OR, defensive arms.<br>
+ STORM' ING, taking by assault.<br>
+ AIR' Y, fanciful; visionary.<br>
+ FOR' TRESS, fort; strong-hold.<br>
+ DE TAIN', hinder; keep back.<br>
+ WEAP' ONS, instruments for defense, or offense.<br>
+ UN WOR' THY, undeserving.<br>
+ RE GRET', sorrow for the past.<br>
+ PHAN' TOM, specter; ghost-like.<br>
+ SCARCE' LY, hardly.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ NOW, TO-DAY.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ ADELAIDE A. PROCTER.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ 1. ARISE`! for the day is passing,
+ And you lie dreaming on;
+ Your brothers are cased in armor,
+ And forth to the fight are gone!
+ A place in the ranks awaits you;
+ Each man has some part to play;
+ The Past and the Future are nothing
+ In the face of stern TO-DAY.
+ 2. ARISE from your dreams of the Future,&mdash;
+ Of gaining some hard-fought field,
+ Of storming some airy fortress,
+ Or bidding some giant yield;
+ Your Future has deeds of glory,
+ Of honor, (God grant it may!)
+ But your arm will never be stronger,
+ Or needed as <i>now</i>,&mdash;TO-DAY.
+ 3. ARISE`! if the Past detain you,
+ Her sunshine and storms forget;
+ No chains so unworthy to hold you
+ As those of a vain regret;
+ Sad or bright, she is lifeless ever;
+ Cast her phantom arms away,
+ Nor look back, save to learn the lesson
+ Of a nobler strife TO-DAY.
+ 4. ARISE`! for the day is passing;
+ The sound that you scarcely hear,
+ Is the enemy marching to battle!
+(<i>f</i>.) <i>Rise</i>`! RISE`! for the foe is near!
+ Stay not to sharpen your weapons,
+ Or the hour will strike at last,
+ When, from dreams of a coming battle,
+ You may wake to find it past!
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What reasons are assigned why we should
+ arouse to effort <i>now, to-day?</i> 2. What rule for the
+ falling inflection on <i>arise?</i> See Rule VIII., page 33.
+ 3. How, according to the notation mark, should the last verse
+ be read?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson57"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LVII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ REV O LU' TION, change of government.<br>
+ FAN' CI ED, thought; imagined,<br>
+ UN GEN' ER OUS, mean; ignoble.<br>
+ AC KNOWL' EDG ED, owned.<br>
+ PLOT' TING, planning; contriving.<br>
+ DE SIGN', purpose; intention.<br>
+ COR RE SPOND' ENCE, intercourse by letters.<br>
+ CON' QUEST, victory.<br>
+ IN' TER VIEW, meeting; conference.<br>
+ SOL' I TA RY, lonely; retired.<br>
+ CON GRAT' U LA TING, rejoicing with.<br>
+ IS' SU ED, started up; come forth.<br>
+ SUS PECT' ING, mistrusting.<br>
+ DE TECT' ED, exposed; found out.<br>
+ A' MI A BLE, lovely; agreeable.<br>
+ FEL' ON, criminal.<br>
+ <br>
+ CON' SE QUENCE, (CON, <i>with</i>; SEQUENCE, <i>a
+ following</i>,) a following with, as an effect, or
+ result.<br>
+ <br>
+ IM PRESS' IVE, (IM, <i>in</i>; PRESS, <i>to bear upon</i>;
+ IVE, <i>tending to</i>,) tending to press in, or upon;
+ producing an effect.<br>
+ <br>
+ IN VOLV' ED, (IN, <i>in</i>; VOLVED, <i>rolled</i>,) rolled
+ in; enveloped.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ THE CAPTURE OF MAJOR ANDRE.
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ 1. One of the saddest events in the history of the American
+ Revolution is the <i>treason of Arnold</i>, and, in
+ consequence of it, <i>the death of Major Andre</i>. Arnold
+ was an officer in the American army, who, though brave, had a
+ proud and impatient spirit.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. He fancied he had not all the honor and the pay due for
+ his services, and, having plunged himself into debt by his
+ expensive style of living, these things soured his heart;
+ and, as is the case with ungenerous minds, he never
+ acknowledged a fault, or forgave an injury. More than this,
+ he sought revenge against his countrymen by plotting
+ <i>treason against his country</i>.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. Soon after forming this bad design, he opened a secret
+ correspondence with the English General, Henry Clinton, and,
+ at the same time, asked General Washington to give him the
+ command of West Point, an important post on the Hudson river.
+ Washington let him have it, and this he determined to betray
+ into the hands of the enemy, provided he could make out of it
+ a good bargain for himself.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. He wrote to General Clinton what he would do, and asked to
+ have a secret interview with some English officer, in order
+ to agree upon the terms. General Clinton was delighted; for
+ he thought an army divided against itself, must prove an easy
+ conquest; and he asked Major Andre, a gallant young officer,
+ to meet Arnold, and settle the price of his treason.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. Andre did not wish to engage in such business; but he
+ obeyed, and went up the Hudson in an English sloop-of-war for
+ this purpose. Arnold agreed to meet him at a certain spot,
+ and when night came on, sent a little boat to bring him
+ ashore. He landed at the foot of a mountain called the Long
+ Clove, on the western side of the river, a few miles from
+ Haverstraw, where he found the traitor hid in a clump of
+ bushes.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. Little did poor Andre foresee the fatal consequences of
+ this step. All that still star-light night they sat and
+ talked; daylight came, and the business was not concluded.
+ Arnold dismissed the boatmen, and led his companion to a
+ solitary farm-house on the river's bank, where the papers
+ were finally drawn up, and hid in one of Andre's stockings.
+ Andre felt how exposed he was to danger in the enemy's
+ country, and heartily wished himself back to the sloop.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. Forced now, however, to go by land, Arnold gave him a pass
+ to go through the American lines; and, at sunset, he set off,
+ on horseback, with a guide. They crossed the river, and,
+ getting along on their dangerous journey with but few alarms,
+ the guide left the next morning, and Andre rode briskly on,
+ congratulating himself upon leaving all dangers behind, for
+ he was rapidly nearing the English lines, when there was a
+ loud shout, "<i>Stand!</i> HALT!" and three men [Footnote:
+ Paulding, Williams, and Van Wart.] issued from the woods, one
+ seizing the bridle, and the others presenting their guns.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. Andre told them he had a pass to White Plains, on urgent
+ business from General Arnold, and begged them not to detain
+ him; but the men, suspecting that all was not right, began to
+ search him; and, hauling off his boots, they discovered his
+ papers in his stockings.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. Finding himself detected, he offered them any sum of
+ money, if they would let him go. "No;" answered the sturdy
+ men, "not if you would give us ten thousand guineas;" for,
+ though poor, they were above selling their country at any
+ price. Andre was sent a prisoner to General Washington's
+ camp. Arnold, on learning the news of his capture,
+ immediately fled from West Point, and made his escape to the
+ English sloop.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. According to the rules of war, poor Andre was sentenced
+ to the death of a spy. Great efforts were made to save him.
+ General Clinton offered a large sum to redeem him. So young,
+ so amiable, so gallant, and to meet a felon's doom! but, in
+ ten days he was hung.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11. Arnold lived; but, with the thirty thousand
+ dollars&mdash;the price of his treachery&mdash;he lived a
+ miserable man, despised even by those who bought him. And one
+ impressive lesson which the story teaches, is, that <i>the
+ consequences of guilt do not fall alone on the guilty
+ man;</i> others are often involved in distress, disgrace, and
+ ruin.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What is one of the saddest events in the
+ history of the American Revolution? 2. Who was Arnold? 3.
+ What reason is assigned why he plotted treason against his
+ country? 4. What measures did he adopt to do this? 5. With
+ whom, and where did he make the agreement? 6. By whom was
+ Andre detected? 7. What became of Andre and Arnold?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson58"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LVIII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ SE CUR' ED, obtained.<br>
+ HES' I TA TED, paused.<br>
+ MIS' ER A BLE, wretched.<br>
+ SUP' PLI ANT, petitioner; beggar.<br>
+ PECUL' IAR, singular; remarkable.<br>
+ IN DIC' A TIVE, showing; intimating.<br>
+ SO LIC' IT ED, asked; requested.<br>
+ COS TUME', mode of dress.<br>
+ VIG' OR OUS, stout; strong.<br>
+ SYN' O NYM, a word meaning the same as some other word.<br>
+ IN' FA MY, utter disgrace.
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ [Headnote 1: TAL' LEY RAND, a distinguished French statesman,
+ was born Feb. 13th, 1754. He died May 20th, 1838.]
+ </p>
+ <h4>
+ BENEDICT ARNOLD.
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ 1. There was a day when Talleyrand[Headnote 1] arrived in
+ Havre, direct from Paris. It was the darkest hour of the
+ French Revolution. Pursued by the blood-hounds of the Reign
+ of Terror, stripped of every wreck of property or power,
+ Talleyrand secured a passage to America, in a ship about to
+ sail. He was a beggar and a wanderer in a strange land, to
+ earn his bread by daily labor.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. "Is there an American staying at your house?" he asked the
+ landlord of the hotel. "I am bound to cross the water, and
+ should like a letter to a person of influence in the New
+ World." The landlord hesitated a moment, then replied: "There
+ is a gentleman up-stairs, either from America or Britain; but
+ whether an American or an Englishman, I can not tell."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. He pointed the way, and Talleyrand, who, in his life, was
+ Bishop, Prince, and Prime Minister, ascended the stairs. A
+ miserable suppliant, he stood before the stranger's door,
+ knocked, and entered. In the far corner of the dimly-lighted
+ room, sat a man of some fifty years, his arms folded, and his
+ head bowed on his breast. From a window directly opposite, a
+ faint light rested on his forehead.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. His eyes looked from beneath the downcast brows, and gazed
+ on Talleyrand's face with a peculiar and searching
+ expression. His face was striking in outline,&mdash;the mouth
+ and chin indicative of an iron will. His form, vigorous, even
+ with the snows of fifty winters, was clad in a dark, but rich
+ and distinguished costume.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. Talleyrand advanced, stated that he was a fugitive; and,
+ under the impression that the gentleman before him was an
+ American, he solicited his kind and generous offices. He
+ related his history in eloquent French and broken English.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. "I am a wanderer, and an exile. I am forced to flee to the
+ New World, without a friend or home. You are an American!
+ Give me, then, I beseech you, a letter of yours, so that I
+ may be able to earn my bread. I am willing to toil in any
+ manner; the scenes of Paris have seized me with such horror,
+ that a life of labor would be a paradise to a career of
+ luxury in France. You will give me a letter to one of your
+ friends? A gentleman like yourself has, doubtless, many
+ friends."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. The strange gentleman rose. With a look that Talleyrand
+ never forgot, he retreated to the door of the next
+ chamber,&mdash;his eyes looking still from beneath his
+ darkened brow. He spoke as he retreated backward,&mdash;his
+ voice was full of meaning. "I am the only man born in the New
+ World, who can raise his hand to God and say, I have not a
+ friend, not one, in all America!" Talleyrand never forgot the
+ overwhelming sadness of that look which accompanied these
+ words.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. "Who are you?" he cried, as the strange man retreated to
+ the next room: "your name?" "My name," he replied, with a
+ smile that had more of mockery than joy in its convulsive
+ expression,&mdash;"my name is Benedict Arnold!" He was gone:
+ Talleyrand sank into his chair, gasping the words, "ARNOLD,
+ THE TRAITOR!"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. Thus, you see, he wandered over the earth another Cain,
+ with the wanderer's mark upon his brow. Even in that secluded
+ room, in that inn at Havre, his crimes found him out, and
+ forced him to tell his name: that name the synonym of infamy.
+ The last twenty years of his life are covered with a cloud,
+ from whose darkness but a few gleams of light flash out upon
+ the page of history.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. The manner of his death is not exactly known; but we can
+ not doubt that he died utterly friendless,&mdash;that remorse
+ pursued him to the grave, whispering "John Andre" in his
+ ear,&mdash;and that the memory of his course of infamy gnawed
+ like a canker at his heart, murmuring forever, "True to your
+ country, what might you have been, O ARNOLD, THE TRAITOR!"
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. Who was Talleyrand? 2. Why was he obliged
+ to flee from Paris? 3. Whom did he seek at Havre? 4. Why did
+ he wish to see the stranger? 5. Describe the appearance of
+ this stranger. 6. What did he say to Talleyrand? 7. Who did
+ the stranger prove to be? 8. What is said of Arnold? 9. Where
+ is Havre? 10. Where is Paris? 11. What is meant by <i>New
+ World</i>?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson59"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LIX.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ LO CO MO' TIVE, steam-engine to propel rail-cars.<br>
+ COL LIS' ION, (<i>s</i> like <i>zh</i>,) shock; violent
+ contact.<br>
+ EN GIN EER', one who manages an engine.<br>
+ PRE CIP' I TA TED, thrown headlong.<br>
+ RE-EN FORCE' MENTS, additional forces.<br>
+ OB' STI NATE, unyielding.<br>
+ CORPS, (<i>kore</i>,) body of troops.<br>
+ BANK' RUPT CY, insolvency.<br>
+ E NOR' MOUS, immense; very large.<br>
+ AS' SETS, amounts due.<br>
+ RE MIT' TANCE, money remitted.<br>
+ PRE SERV' ED, secured; saved.<br>
+ MA TU' RI TY, time of payment.<br>
+ RE PRIEVE', respite.<br>
+ IN SOLV' ENT, one unable to pay his debts.<br>
+ PROV O CA' TION, incitement to anger.<br>
+ IG NO MIN' I OUS, disgraceful.<br>
+ SAC RI FIC' ED, (<i>c</i> like <i>z</i>,) thrown away.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ BEHIND TIME.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ FREEMAN HUNT.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. A railroad train was rushing along at almost lightning
+ speed. A curve was just ahead, beyond which was a station, at
+ which the cars usually passed each other. The conductor was
+ late,&mdash;so late that the period during which the down
+ train was to wait, had nearly elapsed: but he hoped yet to
+ pass the curve safely. Suddenly, a locomotive dashed into
+ sight right ahead. In an instant, there was a collision. A
+ shriek, a shock, and fifty souls were in eternity; and all
+ because an engineer had been <i>behind time</i>.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. A great battle was going on. Column after column had been
+ precipitated for eight mortal hours on the enemy posted along
+ the ridge of a hill. The summer sun was sinking to the west;
+ re-enforcements for the obstinate defenders were already in
+ sight; it was necessary to carry the position with one final
+ charge, or every thing would be lost. A powerful corps had
+ been summoned from across the country, and, if it came up in
+ season, all would yet be right. The great conqueror,
+ confident in its arrival, formed his reserve into an
+ attacking column, and led them down the hill. The whole world
+ knows the result. Grouchy [Footnote: Pronounced <i>Groo'
+ shee</i>.] failed to appear; the imperial guard was beaten
+ back; Waterloo was lost. Napoleon died a prisoner at St.
+ Helena, because one of his marshals was <i>behind time</i>.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. A leading firm, in commercial circles had long struggled
+ against bankruptcy. As it had enormous assets in California,
+ it expected remittances by a certain day; and if the sums
+ promised arrived, its credit, its honor, and its future
+ prosperity would be preserved. But week after week elapsed
+ without bringing the gold. At last, came the fatal day on
+ which the firm had bills maturing to enormous amounts. The
+ steamer was telegraphed at daybreak; but it was found on
+ inquiry that she brought no funds; and the house failed. The
+ next arrival brought nearly half a million to the insolvents,
+ but it was too late; they were ruined, because their agent,
+ in remitting, had been <i>behind time</i>.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. A condemned man was led out for execution, he had taken
+ human life, but under circumstances of the greatest
+ provocation, and public sympathy was active in his behalf.
+ Thousands had signed petitions for a reprieve, a favorable
+ answer had been expected the night before, and, though it had
+ not come, even the sheriff felt confident that it would yet
+ arrive in season. Thus the morning passed without the
+ appearance of the messenger. The last moment was up. The
+ prisoner took his place on the drop, the cap was drawn over
+ his eyes, the bolt was drawn, and a lifeless body hung
+ suspended in the air. Just at that moment a horseman came
+ into sight, galloping down the hill, his steed covered with
+ foam. He carried a packet in his right hand, which he waved
+ to the crowd. He was the express rider with the reprieve. But
+ he had come too late. A comparatively innocent man had died
+ an ignominious death, because a watch had been five minutes
+ too slow, making its bearer arrive <i>behind time</i>.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. It is continually so in life. The best laid plans, the
+ most important affairs, the fortunes of individuals, the
+ wealth of nations, honor, happiness, life itself, are daily
+ sacrificed because somebody is "behind time." There are men
+ who always fail in whatever they undertake, simply because
+ they are "behind time." Five minutes in a crisis are worth
+ years. It is but a little period, yet it has often saved a
+ fortune, or redeemed a people. If there is one virtue that
+ should be cultivated more than another by him who would
+ succeed in life, it is <i>punctuality</i>; if there is one
+ error that should be avoided, it is being <i>behind time</i>.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What sad results are mentioned, in
+ consequence of being <i>behind time?</i> 2. What virtue
+ should be cultivated, and what error avoided? 3. What is the
+ use of the hyphen in the word <i>re-enforcements?</i> See
+ SANDERS' NEW SPELLER, page 165.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson60"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LX.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ TWIN' ED, interwoven.<br>
+ GAR' LAND, wreath of flowers.<br>
+ MUS' ED, thought; meditated.<br>
+ AN TIQUE', (<i>an teek'</i>,) ancient.<br>
+ MOLD, shape; form.<br>
+ RARE, scarce; seldom seen.<br>
+ SOOTH ED, calmed; quieted.<br>
+ THROB' BED, beat; palpitated.<br>
+ CO' ZY, snug; comfortable.<br>
+ EBB' ED, flowed back.<br>
+ JOUR' NEY, travel.<br>
+ LONG' ING, earnestly desiring.<br>
+ TIE, bond of affection.<br>
+ RIV' EN, torn asunder.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ "HOW HAPPY I'LL BE."
+ </h4>
+ <pre>
+1. A little girl sat amid the flowers,
+ In the blush and bloom of childhood's hours;
+ She twined the buds in a garland fair,
+ And bound them up in her shining hair:
+ "Ah, me!" said she, "<i>how happy I'll be</i>,
+ When ten years more have gone over me,
+ And I am a maiden with youth's bright glow
+ Flushing my cheek, and lighting my brow!"
+2. A maiden mused in a pleasant room,
+ Where the air was filled with a soft perfume;
+ Vases were near of antique mold,
+ And beautiful pictures, rare and old;
+ And she, amid all the beauty there,
+ Was by far the loveliest and most fair.
+ "Ah, me!" said she, "<i>how happy I'll be</i>,
+ When my heart's own choice comes back to me,
+ When I proudly stand by my dear one's side,
+ With the thrilling joy of a youthful bride!"
+3. A mother bent o'er the cradle nest
+ Where she soothed her babe to his smiling rest;
+ She watched the sleep of her cherub-boy,
+ And her spirit throbbed with exulting joy.
+ "Ah, me!" said she, "<i>how happy I'll be</i>,
+ When he reaches manhood, proud and free,
+ And the world bows down, in its rapture wild,
+ It the earnest words of my darling child!"
+4. An aged one sat by the cozy hearth,
+ Counting life's sands as they ebbed from earth;
+ Feeble and frail; the race she run
+ Had borne her along to the setting sun.
+ "Ah, me!" said she, "<i>how happy I'll be</i>,
+ When from time's long fever my soul is free,
+ When the world fades out with its weary strife,
+ And I soar away to a better life!"
+5. 'Tis thus we journey from youth to age,
+ Longing to turn to another page,
+ Striving to hasten the years away,
+ Lighting our hearts with the future's ray,
+ Hoping on earth till its visions fade,
+ Wishing and waiting, through sun and shade,
+ But turning, when earth's last tie is riven,
+ To the beautiful rest of a fadeless Heaven.
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. When did the little girl think she would
+ be happy? 2. What did she say when she became old? 3. What
+ are we constantly expecting from youth to age? 4. What is the
+ meaning of the suffix <i>ing</i>, in such words as
+ <i>longing, striving, lighting</i>, &amp;c.? See SANDERS
+ &amp; McELLIGOTT'S ANALYSIS, page 134, Ex. 176.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson61"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXI.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ VET' ER AN, old soldier.<br>
+ GRASP' ED, seized hold of.<br>
+ AN' CIENT, old.<br>
+ MUR' MUR, ED, uttered in a low voice.<br>
+ IM MOR' TAL, imperishable.<br>
+ RAG' ED, was furious.<br>
+ RE MAIN', still exists.<br>
+ SIRE, father.<br>
+ LIGHT' EN ED, (EN, <i>make</i>; ED, <i>did</i>,) did make
+ light.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ THE SWORD OF BUNKER HILL.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ WILLIAM R. WALLACE.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+1. He lay upon his dying bed,
+(<i>pl.</i>) His eye was growing dim,
+ When, with a feeble voice, he called
+ His weeping son to him:
+ "Weep not, my boy," the veteran said,
+ "I bow to Heaven's high will;
+ But quickly from yon antlers bring,
+ The sword of Bunker Hill."
+2. The sword was brought; the soldier's eye
+ Lit with a sudden flame;
+ And, as he grasped the ancient blade,
+ He murmured Warren's[1] name;
+ Then said, "My boy, I leave you gold,
+ But what is richer still,
+ I leave you, mark me, mark me, now,
+ The sword of Bunker Hill.
+3. "'Twas on that dread, immortal day,
+ I dared the Briton's band,
+ A captain raised his blade on me,
+ I tore it from his hand;
+ And while the glorious battle raged,
+ It lightened Freedom's will;
+ For, boy, the God of Freedom blessed
+ The sword of Bunker Hill.
+4. "Oh! keep this sword," his accents broke,&mdash;
+ A smile&mdash;and he was dead;
+ But his wrinkled hand still grasped the blade,
+ Upon that dying bed.
+ The son remains, the sword remains,
+ Its glory growing still,
+ And twenty millions bless the sire
+ And sword of Bunker Hill.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ [Footnote 1: General Warren, a brave and valuable officer,
+ fell by a musket-ball, while fighting the British at Bunker's
+ Hill, June 17th, 1775.]
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What request did the old veteran make of
+ his son? 2. What bequest did he make to him? 3. How did he
+ obtain that sword? 4. What did he say to his son? 5. Who was
+ Warren?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson62"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ LE' GEND, fictitious narrative.<br>
+ MOR' TAL, deadly.<br>
+ COM' BAT, battle; conflict.<br>
+ PRI ME' VAL, first; primitive.<br>
+ MUS' CU LAR, strong; vigorous.<br>
+ CA DAV' ER OUS, pale; sickly.<br>
+ REF U GEE', runaway; fugitive.<br>
+ QUAR' TER, mercy; indulgence.<br>
+ PIN' ION ED, confined; shackled.<br>
+ A BYSS', yawning gulf.<br>
+ PRO POS' AL, offer; proposition.<br>
+ DI SHEV' EL ED, disordered.<br>
+ IM BO' SOM ED, surrounded; inclosed.<br>
+ CON FESS' ED, owned; acknowledged.<br>
+ RE LENT' ING, pitying; compassionate.<br>
+ RAN' DOM, venture.<br>
+ SU PER STI' TION, false religious belief.<br>
+ A VENGE', take satisfaction for.<br>
+ UN CON' SCIOUS, unaware.<br>
+ SUB LIM' I TY, grandeur.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ THE BIBLE LEGEND OF THE WIS SA HI' KON.
+ </h4>
+ <p style="text-align:right;">
+ LIPPARD.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. It was here in the wilds of the Wis sa hi' kon, on the day
+ of battle, as the noonday sun came shining through the
+ thickly clustered leaves, that two men met in mortal combat.
+ They grappled in deadly conflict near a rock that rose, like
+ the huge wreck of some primeval world, at least one hundred
+ feet above the dark waters of the Wis sa hi'kon.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. That man with the dark brow and the darker gray
+ eye,&mdash;with the muscular form, clad in the blue
+ hunting-frock of the Revolution,&mdash;is a Continental,
+ named Warner. His brother was murdered at the massacre of
+ Pao'li. That <i>other</i> man, with long black hair drooping
+ along his cadaverous face, is clad in the half-military
+ costume of a Tory refugee. <i>That</i> is the murderer of
+ Pao'li, named Dabney.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. They had met there in the woods by accident; and now they
+ fought, not with sword or rifle, but with long and deadly
+ hunting-knives, that flash in the light as they go turning,
+ and twining, and twisting over the green-sward. At last, the
+ Tory is down!&mdash;down on the green-sward, with the knee of
+ the Continental upon his breast,&mdash;that up-raised knife
+ quivering in the light,&mdash;that dark-gray eye flashing
+ death into his face!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. "Quarter! I yield!" gasped the Tory, as the knee was
+ pressed upon his breast. "Spare me!&mdash;I yield!"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. "<i>My</i> brother," said the patriot soldier, in a low
+ tone of deadly hate,&mdash;"<i>My</i> brother cried for
+ quarter on the night of Pa o' li, and, even as he clung to
+ your knees, you struck that knife into his heart. Oh, I will
+ give you the quarter of Pa o' li!" And his hand was raised
+ for the blow, and his teeth were clinched in deadly hate. He
+ paused for a moment, and then pinioned the Tory's arms, and,
+ with one rapid stride, dragged him to the verge of the rock,
+ and held him quivering over the abyss.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. "Mercy!" gasped the Tory, turning black and ashy by turns,
+ as that awful gulf yawned below. "<i>Mercy! I have a wife! a
+ child! spare me!</i>"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. Then the Continental, with his muscular strength gathered
+ for the effort, shook the murderer once more over the abyss,
+ and then hissed this bitter sneer between his
+ teeth,&mdash;"<i>My brother had a wife and two children</i>.
+ The morning after the night of Pa o' li, that wife was a
+ widow,&mdash;those children were orphans! Would not you like
+ to go and beg your life of that widow and her children?"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. The proposal, made by the Continental in the mere mockery
+ of hate, was taken in serious earnest by the horror-stricken
+ Tory. He begged to be taken to the widow and her children, to
+ have the pitiful privilege of begging his life. After a
+ moment's serious thought, the patriot soldier consented. He
+ bound the Tory's arms yet tighter, placed him on the rock
+ again, and then led him up the woods. A quiet cottage,
+ imbosomed among the trees, broke on their eyes.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. They entered that cottage. There, beside the desolate
+ hearth-stone, sat the widow and her children. She was a
+ matronly woman of about thirty years, with a face faded by
+ care, a deep, dark eye, and long, disheveled hair about her
+ shoulder. On one side was a dark-haired boy, of some six
+ years; on the other, a little girl, one year younger, with
+ light hair and blue eyes. The Bible, an old, venerable
+ volume, lay open on that mother's lap.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. And then that pale-faced Tory flung himself on his knees,
+ confessed that he had butchered her husband on the night of
+ Pa o'li, but begged his life at her hands! <i>"Spare me, for
+ the sake of my wife&mdash;my child!"</i> He had expected that
+ his pitiful moan would touch the widow's heart; but not one
+ relenting gleam softened her pale face.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11. "The Lord shall judge between us!" she said in a cold,
+ icy tone, that froze the murderer's heart. "Look! The Bible
+ lies open before me. I will close that volume, and then this
+ boy shall open it, and place his finger at random upon a
+ line, and by <i>that line</i> you shall live or die!" This
+ was a strange proposal, made in full faith of a wild and dark
+ superstition of the olden time. For a moment, the Tory,
+ kneeling there, livid as ashes, was wrapt in thought. Then,
+ in a faltering voice, he signified his consent.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 12. Raising her dark eyes to heaven, the mother prayed the
+ Great Father to direct the finger of her son. She closed the
+ book, and handed it to that boy, whose young cheek reddened
+ with loathing as he gazed upon his father's murderer. He took
+ the Bible, opened its holy pages at random, and placed his
+ fingers upon a verse.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 13. Then there was a silence. That Continental soldier, who
+ had sworn to avenge his brother's death, stood there with
+ dilating eyes and parted lips. Then the culprit, kneeling on
+ the floor, with a face like discolored clay, felt his heart
+ leap to his throat. Then, in a clear, bold voice, the widow
+ read this line from the Old Testament. It was short, yet
+ terrible: "<i>That man shall die!</i>"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 14. Look! The brother springs forward to plunge a knife into
+ the murderer's heart; but the Tory, pinioned as he is, begs
+ that one more trial may be made by the little
+ girl,&mdash;that child of five years, with golden hair and
+ laughing eyes. The widow consents. There is an awful pause.
+ With a smile in her eye, without knowing what she does, the
+ little girl opens the Bible,&mdash;she turns her laughing
+ face away,&mdash;she places her fingers upon the page.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 15. That awful silence grows deeper. The deep-drawn breath of
+ the brother, and the broken gasps of the murderer, alone
+ disturb the stillness. The widow and dark-eyed boy are
+ breathless. That little girl, unconscious as she was, caught
+ a feeling of awe from the countenances around her, and stood
+ breathless, her face turned aside, and her tiny fingers
+ resting on that line of life or death. At last, gathering
+ courage, the widow bent her eyes on the page, and read. It
+ was a line from the New Testament: "LOVE YOUR ENEMIES." Ah!
+ that moment was sublime!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 16. Oh, awful Book of God! in whose dread pages we see Job
+ talking face to face with Jehovah, or Jesus waiting by
+ Samaria's well, or wandering by the waves of dark Galilee!
+ Oh, awful Book! shining to-night, as I speak, the light of
+ that widow's home,&mdash;the glory of the mechanic's
+ shop,&mdash;shining where the world comes not, to look on the
+ last night of the convict in his cell, lightening the way to
+ God, even over that dread gibbet!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 17. Oh, Book of terrible majesty and child-like
+ love,&mdash;for sublimity that crushes the soul into
+ awe,&mdash;of beauty that melts the heart with rapture! you
+ never shone more strangely beautiful than there in the lonely
+ cot of the Wissa hi'kon, where you saved the murderer's life.
+ For,&mdash;need I tell you?&mdash;<i>that murderer's life was
+ saved</i>. That widow recognized the finger of God, and even
+ the stern brother was awed into silence. The murderer went
+ his way.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 18. Now look ye, how wonderful are the ways of Heaven! That
+ very night, as the widow sat by her lonely hearth, her
+ orphans by her side,&mdash;sat there with a crushed heart and
+ hot eye-balls, thinking of her husband, who, she supposed,
+ now lay moldering on the blood-drenched soil of Pa o'
+ li,&mdash;there was a tap at the door. She opened it, and
+ that husband, living, though covered with wounds, was in her
+ arms! He had fallen at Pa o' li, but not in death. <i>He was
+ alive</i>,&mdash;his wife lay panting on his breast. That
+ night there was a prayer in that wood-embowered cot of the
+ Wis sa hi' kon.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What two men are said to have engaged in
+ deadly combat? 2. Which gained the mastery? 3. What did the
+ patriot soldier say to the Tory, when he cried,
+ <i>Quarter</i>? 4. What, when the Tory told him he had a wife
+ and child? 5. What proposal was made to him? 6. How was his
+ fate to be decided? 7. Was his life spared? 8. What proved
+ the justice of the decision?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson63"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXIII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ VES' TI BULE, porch, entrance.<br>
+ VI' BRATE, move to and fro.<br>
+ IM MOR' TALS, undying creatures.<br>
+ MON' U MENTS, memorials.<br>
+ A CHIEVE', accomplish.<br>
+ MU TA BLE, changeable.<br>
+ IM MOR TAL' I TY, deathless existence.<br>
+ IL LU' MIN ATE, enlighten.<br>
+ UN DER STAND' ING, intellect.<br>
+ RE AL' I TIES, truths; facts.<br>
+ AS SAULTS', violent attacks.<br>
+ DE SER' TION, abandonment.<br>
+ IN EX HAUST' I BLE, never-failing.<br>
+ CHAR' TER, title; deed.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ ADVICE TO THE YOUNG.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ E.H. CHAPIN.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. Young friends', in whatever pursuits you may engage, you
+ must not forget that the lawful objects of human efforts, are
+ but means to higher results and nobler ends. Start not
+ forward in life with the idea of becoming mere seekers of
+ pleasure,&mdash;sportive butterflies searching for gaudy
+ flowers. Consider and act with reference to the true ends of
+ existence.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. This world is but the vestibule of an immortal life. Every
+ action of your life touches on some chord that will vibrate
+ in eternity. These thoughts and motives within you, stir the
+ pulses of a deathless spirit. Act not, then, as mere
+ creatures of this life, who, for a little while, are to walk
+ the valleys and the hills, to enjoy the sunshine and to
+ breathe the air, and then pass away and be no more; but
+ <i>act</i> as immortals, with an <i>aim</i> and a
+ <i>purpose</i> worthy of your high nature.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. Set before you, as the chief object to be obtained, an
+ <i>end</i> that is superior to any on earth,&mdash;<i>a
+ desirable end</i>, A PERFECT END. Labor to accomplish a work
+ which shall survive unchanged and beautiful, when time shall
+ have withered the garland of youth, when thrones of power and
+ monuments of art shall have crumbled into ashes; and,
+ finally, aim to achieve something, which, when these our
+ mutable and perishing voices are hushed forever, shall live
+ amid the songs and triumphs of IMMORTALITY.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. Well will it be for you, if you have a <i>guide</i>
+ within, which will aid you in every issue which will arm you
+ in every temptation, and comfort you in every sorrow.
+ Consult, then, that Volume whose precepts will never fail
+ you. Consult it with a deep aspiration after the true and
+ good, and it shall illuminate your understanding with divine
+ realities.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. Open your soul, and it shall breathe into it a holy
+ influence, and fill all its wants. Bind it close to your
+ heart; it will be a shield against all the assaults of evil.
+ Read it in the lonely hour of desertion; it will be the best
+ of companions. Open it when the voyage of life is troubled';
+ it is a sure chart. Study it in poverty'; it will unhoard to
+ you inexhaustible riches. Commune with it in sickness'; it
+ contains the medicine of the soul. Clasp it when dying'; IT
+ IS THE CHARTER OF IMMORTALITY.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What ought we not to forget? 2. How ought
+ the world to be regarded? 3. How ought we to act and labor?
+ 4. What ought we to consult?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson64"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXIV.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ IN TREP' ID, brave; heroic.<br>
+ BE TO' KEN ED, showed; indicated.<br>
+ E LAS' TIC, springy; agile.<br>
+ AT' TI TUDE, posture; position.<br>
+ UN' DER GROWTH, shrubbery.<br>
+ CON FRONT', stand before.<br>
+ CA TAS' TRO PHE, disaster; calamity.<br>
+ DE TER' RED, hindered; prevented.<br>
+ HUR' RI CANE, violent tempest.<br>
+ BUF' FET ING, beating with the hands.<br>
+ ATH LET' IC, strong; powerful.<br>
+ MI RAC' U LOUS, wonderful.<br>
+ TRE MEN DOUS, terrible; frightful.<br>
+ DES' PE RATE, rash; furious.<br>
+ IN VOL' UN TA RY, spontaneous.<br>
+ CAT' A RACT, waterfall.<br>
+ RE SUS' CI TATE, revive; bring to life.<br>
+ CH AR' AC TER IZ ED, distinguished.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ THE INTREPID YOUTH.
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ 1. It was a calm, sunny day in the year 1750; the scene, a
+ piece of forest land in the north of Virginia, near a noble
+ stream of water. Implements of surveying were lying about,
+ and several men reclining under the trees, betokened, by
+ their dress and appearance, that they composed a party
+ engaged in laying out the wild lands of the country.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. These persons had apparently just finished their dinner.
+ Apart from the group, walked a young man of a tall and
+ compact frame, and moved with the elastic tread of one
+ accustomed to constant exercise in the open air. His
+ countenance wore a look of decision and manliness not usually
+ found in one so young, for he was apparently little over
+ eighteen years of age. His hat had been cast off, as if for
+ comfort, and he had paused, with one foot advanced, in a
+ graceful and natural attitude.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. Suddenly there was a shriek, then another, and several in
+ rapid succession. The voice was that of a woman, and seemed
+ to proceed from the other side of a dense thicket. At the
+ first scream, the youth turned his head in the direction of
+ the sound; but when it was repeated, he pushed aside the
+ undergrowth which separated him from it, and, quickening his
+ footsteps, as the cries succeeded each other in alarming
+ rapidity, he soon dashed into an open space on the banks of
+ the stream, where stood a rude log-cabin.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. As the young man broke from the undergrowth, he saw his
+ companions crowded together on the banks of the river, while
+ in the midst stood the woman, from whom proceeded the
+ shrieks, held back by two of the men, but struggling
+ vigorously for freedom. It was but the work of a moment for
+ the young man to make his way through the crowd and confront
+ the female. The instant her eye fell on him, she exclaimed,
+ "Oh! sir, you will do something for me. Make them release
+ me,&mdash;for the love of God! <i>My boy,&mdash;my poor boy
+ is drowning, and they will not let me go!"</i> "It would be
+ madness; she will jump into the river," said one, "and the
+ rapids would dash her to pieces in a moment!"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. The youth had scarcely waited for these words, for he
+ recollected the child, a bold little boy of four years old,
+ whose beautiful blue eyes and flaxen ringlets made him a
+ favorite with all who knew him. He had been accustomed to
+ play in the little inclosure before the cabin, but the gate
+ having been left open, he had stolen incautiously out,
+ reached the edge of the bank, and was in the act of looking
+ over, when his mother saw him.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. The shriek she uttered only hastened the catastrophe she
+ feared; for the child, frightened at the cry of its mother,
+ lost its balance, and fell into the stream, which here went
+ foaming and roaring along amid innumerable rocks,
+ constituting the most dangerous rapids known in that section
+ of the country. Scream now followed scream in rapid
+ succession, as the agonized mother rushed to the bank.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. The party we left reclining in the shade within a few
+ steps of the accident, were immediately on the spot.
+ Fortunate it was that they were so near, else the mother
+ would have jumped in after her child, and both been lost.
+ Several of the men approached the brink, and were on the
+ point of springing in after the child, when the sight of the
+ sharp rocks crowding the channel, the rush and whirl of the
+ waters, and the want of any knowledge where to look for the
+ boy, deterred them, and they gave up the enterprise.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. Not so with the noble youth. His first work was to throw
+ off his coat; next to spring to the edge of the bank. Here he
+ stood for a moment, running his eyes rapidly over the scene
+ below, taking with a glance the different currents and the
+ most dangerous of the rocks, in order to shape his course
+ when in the stream. He had scarcely formed his conclusion,
+ when he saw in the water a white object, which he knew to be
+ the boy's dress, and he plunged into the wild and roaring
+ rapids.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. <i>"Thank God, he will save my child,"</i> cried the
+ mother; <i>"there he is!&mdash;oh! my boy, my darling boy,
+ how could I leave you!"</i> Every one had rushed to the brink
+ of the precipice, and was now following with eager eyes the
+ progress of the youth, as the current bore him onward, like a
+ feather in the embrace of the hurricane. Now it seemed as if
+ he would be dashed against a jutting rock, over which the
+ water flew in foam, and a whirlpool would drag him in, from
+ whose grasp escape would appear impossible.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. At times, the current bore him under, and he would be
+ lost to sight; then, just as the spectators gave him up, he
+ would appear, though far from where he vanished, still
+ buffeting amid the vortex. Oh, how that mother's straining
+ eyes followed him in his perilous career! how her heart sunk
+ when he went under,&mdash;and with what a gush of joy when
+ she saw him emerge again from the waters, and, flinging the
+ waves aside with his athletic arms, struggle on in pursuit of
+ her boy!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11. But it seemed as if his generous efforts were not to
+ avail; for, though the current was bearing off the boy before
+ his eyes, scarcely ten feet distant, he could not, despite
+ his gigantic efforts, overtake the drowning child. On flew
+ the youth and child; and it was miraculous how each escaped
+ being dashed in pieces against the rocks. Twice the boy went
+ out of sight, and a suppressed shriek escaped the mother's
+ lips; but twice he reappeared, and then, with hands wrung
+ wildly together, and breathless anxiety, she followed his
+ progress, as his unresisting form was hurried with the onward
+ current.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 12. The youth now appeared to redouble his exertions, for
+ they were approaching the most dangerous part of the river,
+ where the rapids, contracting between the narrow shores, shot
+ almost perpendicularly down a declivity of fifteen feet. The
+ rush of the waters at this spot was tremendous, and no one
+ ventured to approach its vicinity, even in a canoe, lest he
+ should be dashed in pieces. What, then, would be the youth's
+ fate, unless he soon overtook the child? He seemed fully
+ sensible of the increasing peril, and now urged his way
+ through the foaming current with a desperate strength.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 13. Three times he was on the point of grasping the child,
+ when the waters whirled the prize from him. The third effort
+ was made just as they were entering within the influence of
+ the current above the fall; and when it failed, the mother's
+ heart sunk within her, and she groaned, fully expecting the
+ youth to give up his task. But no; he only pressed forward
+ the more eagerly; and, as they breathlessly watched amid the
+ boiling waters, they saw the form of the brave youth
+ following close after that of the boy.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 14. And now, like an arrow from the bow, pursuer and pursued
+ shot to the brink of the precipice. An instant they hung
+ there, distinctly visible amid the foaming waters. Every
+ brain grew dizzy at the sight. But a shout of involuntary
+ exultation burst from the spectators, when they saw the boy
+ held aloft by the right arm of the youth,&mdash;a shout that
+ was suddenly checked with horror, when they both vanished
+ into the abyss below!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 15. A moment elapsed before a word was spoken, or a breath
+ drawn. The mother ran forward, and then stood gazing with
+ fixed eyes at the foot of the cataract, as if her all
+ depended upon what the next moment should reveal. Suddenly
+ she gave the glad cry, (<i>f</i>.) "<i>There they are! See!
+ they are safe!</i>&mdash;Great God, I thank thee!" And, sure
+ enough, there was the youth still unharmed, and still
+ buffeting the waters. He had just emerged from the boiling
+ vortex below the cataract. With one hand he held aloft the
+ child, and with the other he was making for the shore.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 16. They ran, they shouted, they scarcely knew what they did,
+ until they reached his side, just as he was struggling to the
+ bank. They drew him out almost exhausted. The boy was
+ senseless; but his mother declared that he still lived, as
+ she pressed him frantically to her bosom. The youth could
+ scarcely stand, so faint was he from his exertions.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 17. Who can describe the scene that followed,&mdash;the
+ mother's calmness while she strove to resuscitate her boy,
+ and her wild gratitude to his preserver, when the child was
+ out of danger, and sweetly sleeping in her arms? Our pen
+ shrinks at the task. But her words, pronounced then, were
+ remembered afterwards by more than one who heard them.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 18. "<i>God will reward you</i>," said she, "as <i>I</i> can
+ not. He will do great things for you in return for this day's
+ work, and the blessings of thousands besides mine will attend
+ you." And so it was; for, to the <i>hero</i> of that hour,
+ were subsequently confided the destinies of a mighty nation.
+ But, throughout his long career, what tended to make him more
+ honored and respected beyond all men, was the
+ <i>self-sacrificing spirit</i>, which, in the rescue of that
+ mother's child, as in the more august events of his life,
+ characterized OUR BELOVED WASHINGTON.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. Describe the scene where this accident
+ took place. 2. What did the woman say to the young man? 3.
+ Why would not the men release the woman? 4. What did the
+ young man do? 5. Did he finally succeed in saving the child?
+ 6. What did the mother say to him? 7. Who did this youth
+ prove to be?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson65"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXV.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ RAB' BI, teacher or doctor.<br>
+ HEA' THEN, pagan; gentile.<br>
+ BOUND' A RIES, limits.<br>
+ WAN' DER ED, strayed.<br>
+ SUB MIS' SIVE, resigned; humble.<br>
+ PIL' GRIM, wanderer.<br>
+ RE PEL' LED, drove off.<br>
+ IN HOS' PI TA BLE, unkind to strangers.<br>
+ MAN' TLE, garment, cloak.<br>
+ CON SOL' ING, comforting.<br>
+ RE POS' ING, lying down; resting.<br>
+ CA LAM' I TY, misfortune.<br>
+ POUN' CED, fell or jumped suddenly.<br>
+ IM PLOR' ING, begging; entreating.<br>
+ DE SPOIL' ED, robbed.<br>
+ CHURL' ISH, surly; rude.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ THE FOUR MISFORTUNES.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ JOHN G. SANE.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ 1. A pious Rabbi, forced by heathen hate,
+ To quit the boundaries of his native land,
+ Wandered abroad, submissive to his fate,
+ Through pathless woods and wastes of burning sand.
+ 2. A patient ass, to bear him in his flight,
+ A dog, to guard him from the robber's stealth,
+ A lamp, by which to read the law at night,&mdash;
+ Was all the pilgrim's store of worldly wealth.
+ 3. At set of sun he reached a little town,
+ And asked for shelter and a crumb of food;
+ But every face repelled him with a frown,
+ And so he sought a lodging in the wood.
+ 4. "'Tis very hard," the weary traveler said,
+ "And most inhospitable, I protest,
+ To send me fasting to this forest bed;
+ But God is good, and means it for the best!"
+ 5. He lit his lamp to read the sacred law,
+ Before he spread his mantle for the night;
+ But the wind rising with a sudden flaw,
+ He read no more,&mdash;the gust put out the light.
+ 6. "'Tis strange," he said, "'tis very strange, indeed,
+ That ere I lay me down to take my rest,
+ A chapter of the law I may not read,&mdash;
+ But God is good, and all is for the best!"
+ 7. With these consoling words the Rabbi tries
+ To sleep,&mdash;his head reposing on a log,&mdash;
+ But, ere he fairly shut his drowsy eyes,
+ A wolf came up and killed his faithful dog.
+ 8. "What new calamity is this?" he cried;
+ "My honest dog&mdash;a friend who stood the test
+ When others failed&mdash;lies murdered at my side!
+ Well,&mdash;God is good, and means it for the best."
+ 9. Scarce had the Rabbi spoken, when, alas!&mdash;
+ As if, at once, to crown his wretched lot,
+ A hungry lion pounced upon the ass,
+ And killed the faithful donkey on the spot.
+10. "Alas!&mdash;alas!" the weeping Rabbi said,
+ "Misfortune haunts me like a hateful guest;
+ My dog is gone, and now my ass is dead,&mdash;
+ Well, God is good, and all is for the best!"
+11. At dawn of day, imploring heavenly grace,
+ Once more he sought the town, but all in vain;
+ A band of robbers had despoiled the place,
+ And all the churlish citizens were slain.
+12. "Now God be praised!" the grateful Rabbi cried,
+ "If I had tarried in the town to rest,
+ I too, with these poor villagers had died,&mdash;
+ Sure, God is good, and all is for the best!"
+13. "Had not the saucy wind put out my lamp,
+ By which the sacred law I would have read,
+ The light had shown the robbers to my camp,
+ And here the villains would have left me dead.
+14. "Had not my faithful animals been slain,
+ Their noise, no doubt, had drawn the robbers near,
+ And so their master, it is very plain,
+ Instead of them, had fallen murdered here.
+15. "Full well I see that this hath happened so
+ To put my faith and patience to the test;
+ Thanks to His name! for now I surely know
+ That God is good, and all is for the best!"
+</pre>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson66"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXVI.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ FU TU' RI TY, events to come.<br>
+ CON SULT', counsel with.<br>
+ PRE TEN' SIONS, claims; assumptions.<br>
+ FOR' TI TUDE, patience; endurance.<br>
+ MOD' EL, pattern; example.<br>
+ RES IG NA' TION, submissiveness.<br>
+ O VER WHELMS', overcomes.<br>
+ IN GRAT' I TUDE, unthankfulness.<br>
+ VAG' A BOND, vagrant; worthless.<br>
+ IM' PU DENCE, sauciness.<br>
+ DES' TI NY, fate; final lot.<br>
+ DE CEAS' ED, dead.<br>
+ DE PRIV' ED, robbed.<br>
+ IN CUR' RED, brought on; caused.<br>
+ CON SUL TA' TIONS, couselings.<br>
+ CAL CU LA' TIONS, reckonings.<br>
+ PRE TER NAT' U RAL, (PRETER, <i>beyond</i>;) beyond what is
+ natural; miraculous.<br>
+ IN VOLV' ED, (IN, <i>in</i>; VOLVED, <i>rolled</i>;) rolled
+ in; enveloped.<br>
+ IN TER RUPT', (INTER, <i>in, between</i>; RUPT, <i>to
+ break</i>;) break in between; stop; hinder.
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ [Headnote 1: JOB, a patriarch, celebrated for his patience,
+ constancy, and piety. For note on DAVID, see page 138.]
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ NOTE.&mdash;The dash at the end of a remark denotes that the
+ speaker is interrupted by the one with whom he is conversing.
+ </p>
+ <h4>
+ MRS. CREDULOUS AND THE FORTUNE-TELLER.
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ <i>Mrs. Credulous.</i> Are you the fortune-teller, sir, that
+ knows every thing?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Fortune-Teller.</i> I sometimes consult futurity, madam;
+ but I make no pretensions to any supernatural knowledge.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Mrs. C.</i> Ay, so <i>you</i> say; but every body else
+ says you know <i>every thing</i>; and I have come all the way
+ from Boston to consult you; for you must know I have met with
+ a dreadful loss.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>F. T.</i> We are liable to losses in this world, madam.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Mrs. C.</i> Yes; and I have had my share of them, though I
+ shall be only fifty, come Thanksgiving.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>F. T.</i> You must have learned to bear misfortunes with
+ fortitude, by this time.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Mrs. C.</i> I don't know how that is, though my dear
+ husband, rest his soul, used to say, "Molly, you are as
+ patient as Job,[Headnote 1] though you never had any children
+ to lose, as he had."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>F. T.</i> Job was a model of patience, madam, and few
+ could lose their all with so much resignation.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Mrs. C.</i> Ah, sir', that is too true'; for even the
+ small loss <i>I</i> have suffered, overwhelms me!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>F. T.</i> The loss of property, madam, comes home to the
+ bosom of the best of us.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Mrs. C.</i> Yes, sir; and when the thing lost can not be
+ replaced, it is doubly distressing. When my poor, good man,
+ on our wedding day, gave me the ring, "Keep it, Molly," said
+ he, "till you die, for my sake." And now, that I should have
+ lost it, after keeping it thirty years, and locking it up so
+ carefully all the time, as I did&mdash;
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>F. T.</i> We can not be too careful in this world, madam;
+ our best friends often deceive us.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Mrs. C.</i> True, sir, true,&mdash;but who would have
+ thought that the child I took, as it were, out of the street,
+ and brought up as my own, could have been guilty of such
+ ingratitude? She never would have touched what was not her
+ own, if her vagabond lover had not put her up to it.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>F. T.</i> Ah, madam, ingratitude is the basest of all
+ crimes!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Mrs. C.</i> Yes; but to think that the impudent creature
+ should deny she took it, when I saw it in the possession of
+ that wretch myself.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>F. T.</i> Impudence, madam, usually accompanies crime. But
+ my time is precious, and the star that rules your destiny
+ will set, and your fate be involved in darkness, unless I
+ proceed to business immediately. The star informs me, madam,
+ that you are a widow.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Mrs. C.</i> La! sir, were you acquainted with my deceased
+ husband?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>F. T.</i> No, madam; we do not receive our knowledge by
+ such means. Thy name is Mary, and thy dwelling-place is
+ Boston.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Mrs. C.</i> Some spirit must have told you this, for
+ certain.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>F. T.</i> This is not all, madam. You were married at the
+ age of twenty years, and were the sole heir of your deceased
+ husband.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Mrs. C.</i> I perceive, sir, you know <i>every</i> thing.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>F. T.</i> Madam, I can not help knowing what I <i>do</i>
+ know; I must therefore inform you that your adopted daughter,
+ in the dead of night&mdash;
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Mrs. C.</i> No, sir; it was in the day-time.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>F. T.</i> Do not interrupt me, madam. In the dead of
+ night, your adopted daughter planned the robbery which
+ deprived you of your wedding-ring.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Mrs. C.</i> No earthly being could have told you this, for
+ I never let my right hand know that I possessed it, lest some
+ evil should happen to it.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>F. T.</i> Hear me, madam; you have come all this distance
+ to consult the fates, and find your ring.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Mrs. C.</i> You have guessed my intention exactly, sir.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>F. T.</i> Guessed'! madam'. I <i>know</i> this is your
+ object; and I know, moreover, that your ungrateful daughter
+ has incurred your displeasure, by receiving the addresses of
+ a worthless man.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Mrs. C.</i> Every word is gospel truth.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>F. T.</i> This man has persuaded your daughter&mdash;
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Mrs. C.</i> I knew he did, I told her so. But good sir,
+ can you tell me who has the ring?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>F. T.</i> This young man has it.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Mrs. C.</i> But he denies it.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>F. T.</i> No matter, madam, he has it.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Mrs. C.</i> But how shall I obtain it again?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>F. T.</i> The law points out the way, madam,&mdash;it is
+ <i>my</i> business to point out the rogue,&mdash;you must
+ catch him.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Mrs. C.</i> You are right, sir,&mdash;and if there is law
+ to be had, I will spend every cent I own, but I will have it.
+ I knew he was the robber, and I thank you for the
+ information. [<i>Going</i>.]
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>F. T.</i> But thanks, madam, will not pay for all my
+ nightly vigils, consultations, and calculations.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Mrs. C.</i> Oh, right, sir! I forgot to pay you. What am I
+ indebted to you?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>F. T.</i> Only five dollars, madam.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Mrs. C.</i> [<i>Handing him the money</i>.] There it is,
+ sir. I would have paid twenty rather than not have found the
+ ring.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>F. T.</i> I never take but five, madam. Farewell, madam,
+ your friend is at the door with your chaise.
+ </p>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ [<i>He leaves the room</i>.]
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ [<i>Enter, Friend</i>.]
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ <i>Friend</i>. Well, Mary, what does the fortune-teller say?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Mrs. C.</i> Oh, he told me I was a widow, and lived in
+ Boston, and had an adopted daughter,&mdash;and&mdash;&mdash;
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Friend.</i> But you knew all this before, did you not?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Mrs. C.</i> Yes; but how should <i>he</i> know it? He told
+ me, too, that I had lost a ring,&mdash;
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Friend.</i> Did he tell you where to find it?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Mrs. C.</i> Oh yes! he says that fellow has it, and I must
+ go to law and get it, if he will not give it up. What do you
+ think of that?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Friend.</i> It is precisely what any fool could have told
+ you. But how much did you pay for this precious information?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Mrs. C.</i> Only five dollars.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Friend.</i> How much was the ring worth?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Mrs. C.</i> Why, two dollars, at least.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Friend.</i> Then you have paid ten dollars for a chaise to
+ bring you here, five dollars for the information that you had
+ already, and all this to gain possession of a ring not worth
+ one quarter of the expense!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Mrs. C.</i> Oh, the rascal! how he has cheated me! I will
+ go to the world's end but I will be revenged.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Friend.</i> You had better go home, and say nothing about
+ it; for every effort to recover your money, will only expose
+ your folly.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What had Mrs. Credulous said, by which
+ the fortune-teller knew all the circumstances relative to the
+ loss of her ring? 2. How was she told she must get her ring?
+ 3. What did she pay the fortune-teller? 4. How much for the
+ chaise? 5. What was her ring worth? 6. Was she a bright dame?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson67"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXVII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ UN FAL' TER ING, steady.<br>
+ CON FID' ING LY, trustingly.<br>
+ SOOTH' ING LY, tenderly, calmly.<br>
+ AL LUR'ING, seductive; flattering.<br>
+ AP PRO' PRI ATE, proper; peculiar.<br>
+ SUB MIS' SION, resignation.<br>
+ IN' VA LID, sick or infirm person.<br>
+ CON TENT' MENT, satifaction.<br>
+ MEA' GER, scanty.<br>
+ CON' FI DENCE, faith; reliance.<br>
+ AS SUAG' ED, relieved; mitigated.<br>
+ FER' VEN CY, heat; ardent feeling.<br>
+ RA DI A TION luster.<br>
+ FRU I' TION, realization; enjoyment.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ FAITH, HOPE, AND CHARITY.&mdash;AN ALLEGORY.
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ [Footnote: AL' LE GO RY is a word of Greek origin. It is made
+ up of two parts; ALL, <i>other</i>; and EGORY,
+ <i>discourse</i>; the literal meaning of the compound being,
+ <i>discourse</i> about <i>other</i> things; that is, things
+ other than those expressed by the words, literally
+ interpreted. Allegory is, therefore, the general name for
+ that class of compositions, as <i>Fables</i>,
+ <i>Apologues</i>, <i>Parables</i>, and <i>Myth</i>, in which
+ there is a <i>double</i> signification, one <i>literal</i>
+ and the other <i>figurative</i>; the literal being designed
+ merely to give a more clear and impressive view of that which
+ is figurative.]
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. Many years ago, three beautiful sisters came into our
+ world to lighten the burdens of earth's toiling pilgrims, and
+ aid them in preparation for a higher state of existence.
+ Alike commissioned by the Great Father, they were sent on
+ errands of mercy, and were not to turn away from scenes of
+ darkness, sorrow, and suffering.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. FAITH had a firm, unfaltering step; HOPE, a beaming eye,
+ ever turned to the future; and LOVE, a pitying glance, and a
+ helping hand. They journeyed confidingly together; and when
+ they found a stricken being in danger of perishing by the
+ wayside, FAITH soothingly whispered, "My Father doeth all
+ things well;" HOPE pointed to the cooling shade just in
+ advance; and LOVE assisted him to rise, and aided his feeble
+ steps.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. Groups of fair children played near the path in which they
+ were traveling. Some of these did not understand the tones of
+ FAITH; but they all listened eagerly to the alluring strains
+ of HOPE, who painted brighter scenes than those they were
+ enjoying, and flowers more fragrant than any they yet had
+ gathered. LOVE delighted to linger with the youthful band,
+ lessening their trials, and increasing their pleasures.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. Her gentle touch arrested the little hand that was lifted
+ against a playmate, and her soothing voice calmed the angry
+ passions which were swelling in the bosom. When a child
+ stumbled in the way, she tenderly raised it up again, or when
+ a thorn pierced the unwary finger, she kindly removed it, and
+ bound up the bleeding wound.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. While the sisters were busy in their appropriate mission,
+ a pale-cheeked lad mingled with the group of merry children,
+ though too weak to share their sports. FAITH stole to his
+ side, and whispered of the great Parent above, who afflicts
+ in wisdom, and chastens in love. His eye brightened while she
+ spoke, and he looked upward with that trust and submission
+ which he had never before experienced.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. Then HOPE came, with visions of returning health, when his
+ frame would be strong and his heart buoyant. But when HOPE
+ and FAITH were gone, again his head drooped, and the tear
+ started. Then LOVE sat down by the invalid, twining a garland
+ of summer blossoms for his pale brow, and singing sweet
+ melodies which charmed his listening ear. The pain was all
+ gone now; smiles wreathed his pallid lips, and the sick boy
+ laughed as merrily as his more robust companions.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. The sisters, in their journeyings, entered the abode of
+ poverty. It was a humble dwelling, and yet it looked
+ cheerful, yea, even inviting, when the three graced it with
+ their presence. FAITH shed a spirit of calm contentment and
+ heavenly trust in those lowly walls; HOPE whispered of the
+ better mansions prepared for the followers of the Lamb; and
+ LOVE, not less exalted than her sisters, threw a charm over
+ the meager fare and scanty attire of the inmates. FAITH
+ taught them to offer the daily prayer in trusting confidence;
+ HOPE pointed beyond this world to joys which eye hath not
+ seen, nor ear heard; while LOVE lessened each burden, and
+ increased each simple pleasure. FAITH, HOPE, and CHARITY! ye,
+ indeed, can make a paradise of the humblest home!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. There was a darkened chamber, with a wan form tossing
+ restlessly upon the couch. Wealth was there; but it could not
+ allay pain, or prolong life. FAITH, noiseless as a spirit
+ form, glided to the sick one's side. "Though He slay me, yet
+ will I trust in Him," was her language, as she pointed
+ upward. HOPE fain would have whispered of length of days, but
+ she knew this could not be; so she spoke of life eternal,
+ where there is no more pain. Then LOVE smoothed the pillow,
+ and bathed the fevered brow, pausing not in her tender
+ ministries through the night-watches. When morning dawned,
+ the spirit of the sick man passed away, though not until
+ FAITH, and HOPE, and LOVE had assuaged the anguish of the
+ parting pang.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. Weeping mourners gathered around the dead. There were
+ tears,&mdash;for "tears well befit earth's partings;" there
+ was sorrow,&mdash;for what bitterness is like unto that of
+ the bereaved, when the grave opens to infold the heart's best
+ treasure? Yet FAITH, and HOPE, and LOVE were there, assuaging
+ those tears, and mitigating that sorrow. FAITH, even while
+ her cheeks were wet, exclaimed, "The Lord gave, and the Lord
+ hath taken away; blessed be the name of the Lord."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. HOPE'S language was, "Not lost, but gone before;" and her
+ eye, having lost none of its brightness, saw with prophetic
+ vision a reunion yet to come. LOVE tenderly wiped away each
+ gathering tear, and gave deeper fervency to the trusting
+ confidence of FAITH, and the inspiring strains of HOPE. And
+ when the sleeper was committed to the dust, these gentle
+ sisters lingered in the lonely house, and by the darkened
+ hearth.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11. Such are FAITH, HOPE, and CHARITY,&mdash;given by God to
+ lighten human sorrow, and bless the creatures He has made.
+ They have each a mission to fulfill,&mdash;different, it is
+ true, and yet they move in harmony. FAITH enables us to
+ submit trustingly to daily trials, viewing a kind Father's
+ hand in each passing event. HOPE, when the sky is dark, and
+ the path thorny, points not only to fairer scenes below, but
+ to that brighter world where there is no night and no sorrow.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 12. LOVE lightens every burden, and reflects upon earth a
+ faint radiation of heavenly blessedness,&mdash;for the
+ Scriptures assure us that "God is love: and every one that
+ loveth is born of God." The time will come when, the purposes
+ of the wise Creator being accomplished, Faith and Hope will
+ cease. Faith will be lost in sight, Hope in fruition; but
+ Love will remain, binding the spirits of the redeemed in
+ blissful communion, and uniting them to God the Father and
+ Christ the Elder Brother.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 13. Faith, Hope, and Charity! blessed spirits! May they be
+ inmates of every heart! May they assist each of us in the
+ peculiar trials which none can know but ourselves! They will
+ come to us if we seek their presence; but they must be
+ carefully nurtured. Let us cherish them in our bosoms, and
+ they will bless us constantly in our pilgrimage below, and
+ conduct us to the presence of our God.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson68"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXVIII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ TRANSPORT' ED, highly delighted.<br>
+ THREAT' EN ING, impending.<br>
+ COR' O NAL, crown; chaplet.<br>
+ MYR' I AD, innumerable.<br>
+ LUS' CIOUS, delicious.<br>
+ LUS TY, strong; vigorous.<br>
+ WAR' BLING, singing; caroling.<br>
+ CHURL, sour, surly man.<br>
+ RE FRESH', cool; make fresh.<br>
+ LAN' GUID, dull; sluggish.<br>
+ DROUTH' Y, dry; arid.<br>
+ SUS TAIN', uphold; support.<br>
+ UN GRUDG'ING, free-hearted; liberal.<br>
+ NIG GARD, miser; stingy person.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ "NOT TO MYSELF ALONE."
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ S.W. PARTRIDGE.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ 1. "<i>Not to myself alone,</i>"
+ The little opening flower transported cries.
+ "Not to myself alone I bud and bloom;
+ With fragrant breath the breezes I perfume,
+ And gladden all things with my rainbow dyes.
+ The bee comes sipping, every eventide,
+ His dainty fill;
+ The butterfly within my cup doth hide
+ From threatening ill."
+ 2. "<i>Not to myself alone,</i>"
+ The circling star with honest pride doth boast,
+ "Not to myself alone I rise and set;
+ I write upon night's coronal of jet
+ His power and skill who formed our myriad host;
+ A friendly beacon at heaven's open gate,
+ I gem the sky.
+ That man might ne'er forget, in every fate,
+ His home on high."
+ 3. "<i>Not to myself alone</i>,"
+ The heavy-laden bee doth murmuring hum,
+ "Not to myself alone, from flower to flower,
+ I rove the wood, the garden, and the bower,
+ And to the hive at evening weary come;
+ For man, for man, the luscious food I pile
+ With busy care,
+ Content if he repay my ceaseless toil
+ With scanty share."
+ 4. "<i>Not to myself alone</i>,"
+ The soaring bird with lusty pinion sings,
+ "Not to myself alone I raise my song;
+ I cheer the drooping with my warbling tongue,
+ And bear the mourner on my viewless wings;
+ I bid the hymnless churl my anthem learn,
+ And God adore;
+ I call the worldling from his dross to turn,
+ And sing and scar."
+ 5. <i>"Not to myself alone,"</i>
+ The streamlet whispers on its pebbly way,
+ "Not to myself alone I sparkling glide;
+ I scatter health and life on every side,
+ And strew the fields with herb and floweret gay.
+ I sing unto the common, bleak and bare,
+ My gladsome tune;
+ I sweeten and refresh the languid air
+ In droughty June."
+ 6. <i>"Not to myself alone:"</i>--
+ O man, forget not thou,--earth's honored priest,
+ Its tongue, its soul, its life, its pulse, its heart,--
+ In earth's great chorus to sustain <i>thy</i> part!
+ Chiefest of guests at Love's ungrudging feast,
+ Play not the niggard; spurn thy native clod,
+ And <i>self</i> disown;
+ Live to thy neighbor; live unto thy God;
+<i>Not to thyself alone!</i>
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What things are mentioned, that
+ contribute to our comfort and happiness? 2. How does the
+ suffix <i>less,</i> affect the meaning of the words <i>cease,
+ view, hymn,</i> &amp;c.? 3. What is the meaning of the
+ suffixes <i>let</i> and <i>et,</i> in the words
+ <i>streamlet</i> and <i>floweret?</i> See SANDERS &amp;
+ McELLIGOTT'S ANALYSIS, page 140, Ex. 185 and 187.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson69"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXIX.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ NURS'ING, nourishing; cherishing.<br>
+ AB HOR', detest; loathe.<br>
+ RE LI' ED, depended.<br>
+ FRA TER' NAL, brotherly.<br>
+ SU PER' NAL, heavenly.<br>
+ COM BINE', unite; join together.<br>
+ RE HEARS' AL, recital; repetition.<br>
+ BIG' OT RY, blind zeal; prejudice.<br>
+ SHEATHE, put in a sheath.<br>
+ U NI VERS AL, general.<br>
+ CUS TOM, practice; usage.<br>
+ TAL' ENT, natural ability.<br>
+ AF FECT'ING, making false show.<br>
+ IS' O LATE, separate; detach.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ THE WORLD WOULD BE THE BETTER FOR IT.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ W.H. COBB.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+1. If men cared less for wealth and fame,
+ And less for battle-fields and glory,&mdash;
+ If writ in human hearts a name
+ Seemed better than in song and story,&mdash;
+ If men instead of nursing pride,
+ Would learn to hate it and abhor it,&mdash;
+ If more relied
+ On <i>love</i> to guide,&mdash;
+<i>The world would be the better for it.</i>
+2. If men dealt less in stocks and lands,
+ And more in bonds and deeds fraternal,&mdash;
+ If Love's work had more willing hands
+ To link this world to the supernal,&mdash;
+ If men stored up Love's oil and wine,
+ And on bruised human hearts would pour it,&mdash;
+ If <i>"yours"</i> and <i>"mine"</i>
+ Would once combine,&mdash;
+<i>The world would be the letter for it.</i>
+3. If more would <i>act</i> the play of Life,
+ And fewer spoil it in rehearsal,&mdash;
+ If Bigotry would sheathe his knife
+ Till Good became more universal,&mdash;
+ If Custom, gray with ages grown,
+ Had fewer blind men to adore it,&mdash;
+ If talent shone
+ In Truth alone,&mdash;
+<i>The world would be the better for it.</i>
+4. If men were wise in little things,
+ Affecting less in all their dealings,&mdash;
+ If hearts had fewer rusted strings
+ To isolate their kindly feelings,&mdash;
+ If men, when Wrong beats down the Right,
+ Would strike together and restore it,&mdash;
+ If Right made Might
+ In every fight,&mdash;
+<i>The world would be the letter for it.</i>
+</pre>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson70"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXX.
+ </h3>
+ <p>
+ In reading these antithetic sentences, an excellent effect
+ may be produced by dividing the class equally into two parts,
+ and letting one part read, in concert, the line marked <i>1st
+ Voice</i>, and the other part, the line marked <i>2d
+ Voice;</i> or, one pupil may read one line, and the next
+ pupil the other, alternately.
+ </p>
+ <h4>
+ SELECT PROVERBS OF SOLOMON.
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ <i>1st Voice</i>. A wise son maketh a glad father;<br>
+ <i>2d Voice</i>, but a foolish son is the heaviness of his
+ mother.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ <i>1 V</i>. Treasures of wickedness profit nothing;<br>
+ <i>2 V</i>. but righteousness delivereth from death.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ <i>1 V</i>. He becometh poor, that dealeth with a slack
+ hand;<br>
+ <i>2 V</i>. but the hand of the diligent maketh rich.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ <i>1 V</i>. Blessings are upon the head of the just;<br>
+ <i>2 V</i>. but violence covereth the mouth of the wicked.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ <i>1 V</i>. The memory of the just is blessed;<br>
+ <i>2 V</i>. but the name of the wicked shall rot.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ <i>1 V</i>. The wise in heart will receive commandment;<br>
+ <i>2 V</i>. but a prating fool shall fall.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ <i>1 V.</i> He that walketh uprightly, walketh surely;<br>
+ <i>2 V.</i> but he that perverteth his ways, shall be known.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ <i>1 V.</i> Wise men lay up knowledge;<br>
+ <i>2 V.</i> but the mouth of the wicked is near destruction.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ <i>1 V.</i> He is in the way of life, that keepeth
+ instruction;<br>
+ <i>2 V.</i> but he that refuseth reproof, erreth.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ <i>1 V.</i> It is as sport to a fool to do mischief;<br>
+ <i>2 V.</i> but a man of understanding hath wisdom.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ <i>1 V.</i> The fear of the Lord prolongeth days;<br>
+ <i>2 V.</i> but the years of the wicked shall be shortened.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ <i>1 V.</i> The hope of the righteous shall be gladness;<br>
+ <i>2 V.</i> but the expectation of the wicked shall perish.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ <i>1 V.</i> The righteous shall never be removed;<br>
+ <i>2 V.</i> but the wicked shall not inhabit the earth.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ <i>1 V.</i> The mouth of the just bringeth forth wisdom;<br>
+ <i>2 V.</i> but the froward tongue shall be cut out.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ <i>1 V.</i> A false balance is an abomination to the
+ Lord;<br>
+ <i>2 V.</i> but a just weight is his delight.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ <i>1 V.</i> Riches profit not in the day of wrath;<br>
+ <i>2 V.</i> but righteousness delivereth from death.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ <i>1 V.</i> The righteousness of the perfect shall direct
+ his way;<br>
+ <i>2 V.</i> but the wicked shall fall by his own wickedness.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ <i>1 V.</i> By the blessing of the upright the city is
+ exalted;<br>
+ <i>2 V.</i> but it is overthrown by the mouth of the wicked.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ <i>1 V.</i> Where no counsel is, the people fall,<br>
+ <i>2 V.</i> but in the multitude of counselors there is
+ safety.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ <i>1 V.</i> He that diligently seeketh good, procureth
+ favor;<br>
+ <i>2 V.</i> but he that seeketh mischief, it shall come unto
+ him.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ <i>1 V.</i> The righteous man regardeth the life of his
+ beast;<br>
+ <i>2 V.</i> but the tender mercies of the wicked are cruel.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ <i>1 V</i>. The lip of truth shall be established
+ forever;<br>
+ <i>2 V</i>. but a lying tongue is but for a moment.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ <i>1 V</i>. Lying lips are abomination to the Lord;<br>
+ <i>2 V</i>. but they that deal truly are His delight.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ <i>1 V</i>. The hand of the diligent shall bear rule;<br>
+ <i>2 V</i>. but the slothful shall be under tribute.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ <i>1 V</i>. A wise son heareth his father's instruction;<br>
+ <i>2 V</i>. but a scorner heareth not rebuke.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ <i>1 V</i>. He that keepeth his mouth, keepeth his life;<br>
+ <i>2 V</i>. but he that openeth wide his lips, shall have
+ destruction.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ <i>1 V</i>. A scorner seeketh wisdom, and findeth it
+ not;<br>
+ <i>2 V</i>. but knowledge is easy unto him that
+ understandeth.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ <i>1 V</i>. There is a way which seemeth right unto a
+ man;<br>
+ <i>2 V</i>. but the end thereof are the ways of death.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ <i>1 V</i>. A wise man feareth, and departeth from evil;<br>
+ <i>2 V</i>. but the fool rageth, and is confident.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ <i>1 V</i>. The poor is hated even of his neighbor;<br>
+ <i>2 V</i>. but the rich hath many friends.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ <i>1 V</i>. He that oppresseth the poor, reproacheth his
+ Maker;<br>
+ <i>2 V</i>. but he that honoreth Him, hath mercy on the
+ poor.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ <i>1 V</i>. He that is slow to wrath, is of great
+ understanding;<br>
+ <i>2 V</i>. but he that is hasty in spirit, exalteth folly.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ <i>1 V</i>. A soft answer turneth away wrath;<br>
+ <i>2 V</i>. but grievous words stir up anger.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ <i>1 V</i>. He that walketh with wise men, shall be
+ wise;<br>
+ <i>2 V</i>. but a companion of fools shall be destroyed.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ <i>1 V</i>. Counsel in the heart of man is like deep
+ water;<br>
+ <i>2 V</i>. but a man of understanding will draw it out.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ <i>1 V</i>. The wicked is driven away in his wickedness;<br>
+ <i>2 V</i>. but the righteous hath hope in his death.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson71"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXI.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ IM PRES' SION, idea; notion.<br>
+ AT TRAC' TIONS, allurements.<br>
+ SA TI' E TY, excessive fullness.<br>
+ SAT' ED, glutted; satiated.<br>
+ PAM' PER ED, over-fed.<br>
+ SUC' CU LENT, full of sap; juicy.<br>
+ UM BRA' GEOUS, shady.<br>
+ GOR' GEOUS, showy; brilliant.<br>
+ DREAR' I NESS, gloominess.<br>
+ REG' IS TER, record; note down.<br>
+ SUG GEST' IVE, giving signs.<br>
+ DEC LA RA' TION, announcement.<br>
+ EX TREM' I TIES, ends.<br>
+ DRA' PER Y, hangings; decorations.<br>
+ EN CHANT' MENT, charms; fascination.<br>
+ FRET' TED, furnished with frets, of ornamental raised
+ work.<br>
+ DEC O RA' TIONS, adornments.
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ [Headnote 1: AR' A BESQUES, is a word, denoting ornaments
+ after the Arabian manner, often intricate and fantastic, from
+ the intermingling of foliage, fruits, &amp;c., with other
+ objects real or imaginary.]
+ </p>
+ <h4>
+ WINTER BEAUTY.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ HENRY WARD BEECHER.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. It is the impression of many, that only in summer,
+ including spring and autumn, of course, is the <i>country</i>
+ desirable as a residence. The country in summer, and the city
+ for the winter. It is true, that the winter gives attractions
+ to the city, in endless meetings, lectures, concerts, and
+ indoor amusements; but it is not true that the country loses
+ all interest when the leaves are shed and the grass is gone.
+ On the contrary, to one who has learned how to use his senses
+ and his sensibilities, there are attractions in the winter of
+ a peculiar kind, and pleasures which can be reaped only then.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. It appears to me, that winter comes in to relieve the year
+ of satiety. The mind grows sated with greenness. After eight
+ or nine months of luxuriant growths, the eye grows accustomed
+ to vegetation. To be sure, we never are less pleased with the
+ wide prospect; with forms of noble trees, with towns and
+ meadows, and with the whole aspect of nature. But it is the
+ pleasure of one pampered. We lose the keen edge of hunger.
+ The eye enjoys, without the relish of newness. We expect to
+ enjoy. Every thing loses surprise.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. Of course, the sky is blue, the grass succulent, the
+ fields green, the trees umbrageous, the clouds silent and
+ mysterious. They were so yesterday, they are so to-day, they
+ will be so to-morrow, next week, next month. In short, the
+ mind does not cease to feel the charm of endless growths; but
+ needs variety, change of diet, less of perpetual feasting,
+ and something of the blessings of a fast. <i>This</i> winter
+ gives. It says to us: You have had too much. You are
+ luxurious and dainty. You need relief and change of diet.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. The cold blue of the sky, the cold gray of rocks, the
+ sober warmth of browns and russets, take the place of more
+ gorgeous colors. If, now, one will accept this change in the
+ tone of nature, after a time a new and relishful pleasure
+ arises. The month formed by the last fortnight of November
+ and the first two weeks of December, is, to me, the saddest
+ of the year. It most nearly produces the sense of
+ desolateness and dreariness of any portion of the year.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. From the hour that the summer begins to shorten its days,
+ and register the increasing change along the horizon, over
+ which the sun sets, farther and farther toward the south, we
+ have a genial and gentle sadness. But sadness belongs to all
+ very deep joys. It is almost as needful to the perfectness of
+ joy, as shadows in landscapes are to the charm of the
+ picture. Then, too, comes the fading out of
+ flowers,&mdash;each variety in its turn, saying, "Farewell
+ till next summer."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. Scarcely less suggestive of departing summer are the
+ new-comers, the late summer golden-rod, the asters, and all
+ autumnal flowers. Long experience teaches us that these are
+ the latest blossoms that fall from the sun's lap, and next to
+ them is snow. By association we already see white in the
+ yellow and blue. Then, too, birds are thinking of other
+ things. No more nests, no more young, no more
+ songs,&mdash;except signal-notes and rallying-calls; for they
+ are evidently warned, and go about their little remaining
+ daily business, as persons who expect every hour to depart to
+ a distant land.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. It is scarcely ever that we see the birds <i>go</i>. They
+ are here to-day, and gone to-morrow. They disappear without
+ observation. The fields are empty and silent. It seems as if
+ the winds had blown them away with the leaves. The first
+ sight of northern waterfowl, far up in the air, retreating
+ from Labrador and the short, Arctic summer, is always to us
+ like the declaration: "Summer is gone; winter is behind us;
+ it will soon be upon you." At last come the late days of
+ November. All is gone,&mdash;frosts reap and glean more
+ sharply every night.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. A few weeks bring earnest winter. Then begin to dawn other
+ delights. The bracing air, the clean snow-paths, the sled and
+ sleigh, the revelation of forms that all summer were
+ grass-hidden; the sharp-outlined hills lying clear upon the
+ sky; the exquisite tracery of trees,&mdash;especially of all
+ such trees as that dendral child of God, the elm, whose
+ branches are carried out into an endless complexity of fine
+ lines of spray, and which stands up in winter, showing in its
+ whole anatomy, that all its summer shade was founded upon the
+ most substantial reality.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. In winter, too, particularly in the latter periods of it,
+ the extremities of shrubs and branches begin to take on ruddy
+ hues, or purplish browns, and the eye knows that these are
+ the first faint blushes of coming summer. Now, too, we find
+ how beautiful are the mosses in the woods; and under them we
+ find solitary green leaves, that have laughed all winter
+ because they had outwitted the frost.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. Wherever flowing springs gush from sheltered spots
+ looking south, one will find many green edges, young grass,
+ and some few tougher leaves. Now, too, in still days, the
+ crow swings heavily through the air, cawing with a pleasing
+ harshness. For dieting has performed its work. Your appetite
+ is eager. A little now pleases you more than abundance did in
+ August. Every tiny leaf is to you like a cedar of Lebanon.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11. All these things are unknown to dwellers in cities. It is
+ nothing to them that a robin appeared for the first time
+ yesterday morning, or that a blue-bird sang over against the
+ house. Some new <i>prima-donna</i>[Footnote: The first female
+ singer in an opera.] exhausts their admiration. They are yet
+ studying laces, and do not care for the fringe of swamps, for
+ the first catkins of the willow. They are still coveting the
+ stores of precious stones at the jewelers, and do not care
+ for my ruby buds, and red dogwood, and scarlet winter
+ berries, and ground pine, and partridge-berry leaves.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 12. There is one sight of the country, at about this time of
+ the year&mdash;the first of March&mdash;that few have seen,
+ or else they have passed it by as if it were not worthy of
+ record. I mean the drapery of rocks in gorges, or along
+ precipitous sides of hills or mountains. The seams of rocks
+ are the outlets of springs. The water, trickling through, is
+ seized by the frost, and held fast in white enchantment.
+ Every day adds to the length of the ice drapery; and, as the
+ surface is overlaid by new issuings, it is furred and fretted
+ with silver-white chasings, the most exquisite.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 13. Thus, one may find a succession, in a single gorge, of
+ extraordinary ice-curtains, and pendent draperies, of varying
+ lengths, of every fantastic form, of colors varying by
+ thickness, or by the tinge of earth or rock shining through
+ them. In my boyhood, I used to wander along these fairy
+ halls, imagining them to be now altars in long, white
+ draperies; now, grand cathedral pillars of white marble;
+ then, long tapestries chased in white, with
+ arabesques[Headnote 1] and crinkled vines and leaves.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 14. Sometimes they seemed like gigantic bridal decorations,
+ or like the robes of beings vast and high, hung in their
+ wardrobes while they slept. But, whatever fancy interpreted
+ them, or whether they were looked upon with two good, sober,
+ literal eyes, they were, and still are, among the most
+ delightful of winter exhibitions, to those who are wise
+ enough to search out the hidden beauty of winter in the
+ country.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What are some of the attractions of
+ winter in the city? 2. What are some of the delights of
+ winter in the country? 3. What is said of the drapery of
+ rocks? 4. What did the writer imagine them to be, in boyhood?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson72"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ UN SUL' LIED, pure; clear.<br>
+ PHE NOM' E NON, appearance.<br>
+ TRANS PAR' EN CY, clearness.<br>
+ AS TON' ISH ING, amazing.<br>
+ RAM I FI CA' TION, branch, or branching out.<br>
+ IN DE SCRIB' A BLY, beyond description.<br>
+ MA JES' TIC, grand.<br>
+ OC CA' SION AL, occurring at times.<br>
+ IM PRESS'IVE, powerful; effective.<br>
+ IN TER SECT' ING, meeting and crossing.<br>
+ PEN' E TRA TING, piercing.<br>
+ E' THER, thin or refined air.<br>
+ CON GEAL' ED, frozen.<br>
+ BUR' NISH ING, brightening.<br>
+ EN GEN' DER ED, produced.<br>
+ EM' BLEM, symbol.<br>
+ CON TEM PLA' TION, meditation.<br>
+ EL E VA' TION, loftiness.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ FROSTED TREES.
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ 1.<br>
+ "Ere yet the clouds let fall the treasured snow,<br>
+ Or winds begun their hazy skies to blow,<br>
+ At evening, a keen eastern breeze arose,<br>
+ And the descending rain unsullied froze.<br>
+ Soon as the silent shades of night withdrew,<br>
+ The ruddy morn disclosed at once to view<br>
+ The face of Nature in a rich disguise,<br>
+ And brightened every object to my eyes.<br>
+ For every shrub, and every blade of grass,<br>
+ And every pointed thorn, seemed wrought in glass."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. Since Sunday, [Feb. 1st, 1852,] we have had presented to
+ our view, the beautiful phenomenon of FROSTED TREES, the most
+ astonishing and brilliant that I ever remember to have
+ noticed. The previous storm and mist had thickly covered
+ every exposed object,&mdash;the loftiest trees, the minutest
+ blade, hill and dale, with the icy garment. This transparency
+ was most perfect, defining every form and ramification into
+ exact models of the entire body, branch, or limb.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. Dwellings and barns were incrusted by the chilling vapor.
+ It hung upon the manes of the cattle, and decorated, wherever
+ seen, the humble grass, which appeared bending, like threads
+ of crystal. The small bushes were indescribably beautiful,
+ and seemed as if chiseled out of the whitest marble. As far
+ as the eye could extend, over brooks, fields, and woods, the
+ same striking and singular sight was universal.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. I could not remain contented in the house, and toward
+ sunset, hastened away, where the view might be free and
+ uninterrupted. Here, the scene, if possible, was more
+ impressive and interesting. There was scarcely a breath of
+ air, and the general silence was only interrupted by the
+ occasional flight of some winter bird, which, alighting on a
+ limb, would shake down a thousand feathery showers, until he
+ seemed frightened at the unusual sound. The forest trees made
+ a truly majestic appearance, with their naked, giant arms and
+ mossy branches intersecting each other, and fast bound by the
+ frozen barriers.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. I shall not attempt to describe the brilliancy of the
+ undergrowth and dwarf trees, upon whose limbs hung a delicate
+ frosting, like unwrought silver, nor the crimson glow of the
+ holly-berries through their transparent and icy
+ covering,&mdash;all, all was a dazzling and splendid winter
+ array,
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+"That buries wide the works of man."
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ It brought to my mind some of the Eastern fairy tales, and
+ their gardens ornamented with shrubs and plants of sparkling
+ crystals.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. The exposed sides of the rocks and fences were completely
+ iced over, not the smallest particle escaping the penetrating
+ and congealed ether. It was truly astonishing to examine its
+ thickness. On some twigs, not larger than a wheat straw, the
+ ice measured half an inch through. One would scarcely imagine
+ what an immense weight of the frozen mass a tree will
+ sustain, before it breaks under the unusual load. Many
+ branches were bent so low that I could reach them with my
+ hands; and, shaking off their frosted barks, they would
+ instantly spring far above my reach. Every few minutes, I was
+ startled by the rattling noise of these falling icicles from
+ some neighboring tree or grove.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. Just when the sun went down, there was not a single cloud
+ to be seen in the horizon, and his cold, bright, setting rays
+ brought out, on every hand, frozen gems, diamonds, rubies,
+ and sapphires, in every possible prismatic beauty, wherever
+ his departing beams fell. Presently the moon bathed the
+ whitened earth, and every congealed drop, in her soft light,
+ burnishing, with dazzling icy brilliancy, trees, dwellings,
+ and streams. I am an ardent lover of Nature and her scenery,
+ and have often, delighted, gazed upon the Queen of Night; but
+ <i>never</i> did I behold such a brilliant moonlight night as
+ this.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. Who could help bringing to mind the sublimities of Job and
+ of David,&mdash;"The hoary frost of heaven, who hath
+ engendered it? The waters are hid, as with a stone, and the
+ face of the deep is frozen."&mdash;"By the breath of the
+ Mighty God, ice is produced, and the waters which were spread
+ on all sides, are held in chains." The Psalmist says, "He
+ giveth the snow like wool, He scattereth the hoar-frost like
+ ashes. Wash me, and I shall be whiter than snow."&mdash;Well
+ may poets look to the falling snow-flake for their images of
+ purity and innocence, ere it receives the stain of earth. I
+ know of no litter emblem.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. Such a winter's night! <i>and the skies! the skies!</i> So
+ resplendent in brightness are the hosts of heaven at this
+ moment, that they should be contemplated by every lover and
+ student of the works of God. Their numbers who can
+ count,&mdash;their twinkling beauty who can describe, as
+ onward they roll in the deep blue of midnight? In their
+ contemplation are inspired "thoughts that wander through
+ eternity," with an elevation of feeling, as if we were
+ separated from the toils and tumults of earth, and exalted
+ into a higher state of being than that in which we toiled
+ through the day! These heavens tell us of a WISDOM and POWER
+ we can not search or estimate. There we seem to stand more
+ immediately in the vailed presence of the Infinite Majesty,
+ who "laid the foundations of the earth, when the morning
+ stars sang together, and all the sons of God shouted for
+ joy."
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. Describe the appearance of frosted trees.
+ 2. What is said of the appearance of shrubs, bushes, &amp;c.?
+ 3. What, of the weight sustained by a single tree? 4. What
+ was the appearance at sunset? 5. What passages of Scripture
+ did the scene bring to mind? 6. Of what is the snowflake an
+ emblem? 7. What is said of the skies?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson73"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXIII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ SPLEN' DOR, brightness; glory.<br>
+ E TER' NAL LY, everlastingly.<br>
+ WAY'-WEA RY, tired; fatigued.<br>
+ GAZE, eager look.<br>
+ EV' ER GREEN, always green.<br>
+ LONG' ED, earnestly desired.<br>
+ RE POSE, rest; quietude.<br>
+ RAN' SOM ED, redeemed.<br>
+ PAL' ACE, mansion; abode.<br>
+ UN CEAS' ING LY, constantly.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ THE MOUNTAINS OF LIFE.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ JAMES G. CLARK.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+1. There's a land far away, 'mid the stars, we are told,
+ Where they know not the sorrows of time,&mdash;
+ Where the pure waters wander through valleys of gold,
+ And life is a treasure sublime;
+ 'Tis the land of our God, 'tis the home of the soul,
+ Where the ages of splendor eternally roll,&mdash;
+ Where the way-weary traveler reaches his goal,
+ On the evergreen Mountains of Life.
+2. Our gaze can not soar to that beautiful land,
+ But our visions have told of its bliss;
+ And our souls by the gale from its gardens are fanned,
+ When we faint in the desert of this;
+ And we sometimes have longed for its holy repose,
+ When our spirits were torn with temptations and woes,
+ And we've drank from the tide of the river that flows
+ From the evergreen Mountains of Life.
+3. Oh! the stars never tread the blue heavens at night,
+ But we think where the ransomed have trod;
+ And the day never smiles from his palace of light,
+ But we feel the bright smile of our God.
+ We are traveling homeward, through changes and gloom,
+ To a kingdom where pleasures unceasingly bloom,
+ And our guide is the glory that shines through the tomb,
+ From the evergreen Mountains of Life.
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What is said of that land far away? 2.
+ How do we know there is such a land? 3. Of what do the stars
+ remind us?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson74"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXIV.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ IM AG' IN A RY, not real.<br>
+ AN TIC' I PATE, take beforehand.<br>
+ PRE FER' RED, chosen.<br>
+ OC CUR' RED, happened.<br>
+ SUS TAIN', support; uphold.<br>
+ PER MIT', allow.<br>
+ IN VIS' I BLE, unseen.<br>
+ EN CHAIN', bind; fasten.<br>
+ FORE BOD' ING, dread of evil.<br>
+ IN VEN' TION, contrivance.<br>
+ CON FER' RED, bestowed.<br>
+ AP PRE HEN' SION, dread; fear.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ IMAGINARY EVILS.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ CHARLES SWAIN.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+1. Let to-morrow take care of to-morrow;
+ Leave things of the future to fate;
+ What's the use to anticipate sorrow?
+ Life's troubles come never too late.
+ If to hope overmuch be an error,
+ 'Tis one that the wise have preferred;
+ And how often have hearts been in terror
+ Of evils that never occurred.
+
+2. Have faith, and thy faith shall sustain thee;
+ Permit not suspicion and care
+ With invisible bonds to enchain thee,
+ But bear what God gives thee to bear.
+ By His Spirit supported and gladdened,
+ Be ne'er by forebodings deterred;
+ But think how oft hearts have been saddened
+ By fears of what never occurred!
+3. Let to-morrow take care of to-morrow;
+ Short and dark as our life may appear,
+ We may make it still darker by sorrow,
+ Still shorter by folly and fear;
+ Half our troubles are half our invention,
+ And often from blessings conferred,
+ Have we shrunk in the wild apprehension
+ Of evils that never occurred!
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What is said of imaginary evils? 2. How
+ may we be supported under trials? 3. What tends to shorten
+ life? 4. Whence proceed half our troubles? 5. What rule for
+ doubling the <i>r</i> and <i>d</i> in such words as
+ <i>occurred</i>, <i>saddened</i>, &amp;c.? See SANDERS' NEW
+ SPELLER, page 168, Rule II.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson75"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXV.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ WASTE, desolate region.<br>
+ PRO CEED', come forth.<br>
+ CHASM, gap; opening.<br>
+ COILS, folds; convolutions.<br>
+ MAN I FEST, plain; evident.<br>
+ PRE SERV' ER, protector.<br>
+ AL LE' GI ANCE, duty; loyalty.<br>
+ RAY, make bright; adorn.<br>
+ EX PAND, swell; dilate.<br>
+ FA' THER LAND, native land.<br>
+ GUER DON, reward; recompense.<br>
+ PROF' FER, offer; tender.<br>
+ PIT' E OUS, mournful; sorrowful.<br>
+ IM PET' U OUS LY, furiously.<br>
+ &nbsp;<br>
+ AT TRACT', (AT, <i>to</i>; TRACT, <i>draw</i>;) draw to;
+ allure.<br>
+ &nbsp;<br>
+ IN VEST', (IN, <i>to</i>; VEST, <i>clothe</i>;) clothe in or
+ with; inclose; surround.<br>
+ &nbsp;<br>
+ PRO TEST, (PRO, <i>before</i>; TEST, <i>witness</i>;)
+ witness before; openly declare.
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ [Headnote 1: PY THON is the name of a large serpent, fabled
+ to have been slain by the god Apollo.]
+ </p>
+ <h4>
+ SIR WALTER AND THE LION.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ A. WALCHNER.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+1. Sir Walter of Thurn, over the Syrian waste,
+ Rides away with a flowing rein;
+ But he hears a groan that checks his haste,
+ As if death were in the strain.
+ He spurs his steed
+ Whence the sounds proceed;
+ And there, from a rocky chasm, arise
+ Fierce cries of pain, that assail the skies;
+ And his horse uprears
+ In excess of fears,
+ As the glance of a lion attracts his eyes.
+2. Fierce struggling there in the monster folds
+ Of a serpent that round him twines;
+ Sir Walter a moment the scene beholds,
+ Then to save the beast inclines.
+ His good sword stout
+ From its sheath leaps out,
+ When down it falls on the Python's[Headnote 1] crest,
+ And cleaves the coils that the lion invest;
+ And the noble beast,
+ From its thrall released,
+ Shows grateful joy most manifest.
+3. He shakes his mane, and bends his form,
+ And licks his preserver's hand,
+ As if he yields allegiance warm
+ To his supreme command.
+ Like the faithful hound
+ To be constant found,
+ And follow his steps for evermore;
+ And thus he follows, on sea and shore,
+ In the battle's tide,
+ He stands by his side,
+ Or with him rests when the strife is o'er.
+4. In Palestine Sir Walter is known,&mdash;
+ Long years attest his fame;
+ And many brave deeds he there hath done,
+ That ray with glory his name;
+ But his heart doth expand
+ For the fatherland,
+ And he fain its pleasant scenes would see,
+ With his friendly lion for company;
+ But with fearful breast,
+ The sailors protest,
+ As they glanced at the beast and his majesty.
+5. Rich guerdon he proffers, and golden store;
+ But though the prize were great,
+ The sailors hurry away from the shore
+ As if from the doom of fate.
+ The poor beast moans
+ In piteous tones,
+ Then darts impetuously o'er the sands,&mdash;
+ Then looks to the ship, and mournfully stands;
+ Then plunges into the gloomy wave,
+ The perils of the depths to brave.
+ Already he nears the flying bark,
+ Already his roar of grief they hark;
+ But his strength is spent, and the sea is strong,
+ And he may not the fearful struggle prolong.
+ His dying glances are fondly cast
+ Along the track where the loved one passed;
+ Then sinks to his grave
+ Beneath the wave,
+ And the night and the ocean behold him the last.
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What did Sir Walter discover as he was
+ riding over the Syrian waste? 2. What did he do? 3. What did
+ the lion do, after being released? 4. Did the sailors allow
+ the lion to go on board the ship? 5. What did the lion then
+ do? 6. What became of him?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson76"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXVI.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ VAL' IANT, strong; courageous,<br>
+ INC LI NA' TION, desire; tendency.<br>
+ RE PLEN' ISH ED, filled up.<br>
+ DIS SEV' ER, part; sunder.<br>
+ SHIV' ER, dash to pieces.<br>
+ EC STAT' IC, rapturous.<br>
+ CON CLU' SION, result.<br>
+ CON CEP' TION, thought; idea.<br>
+ DEF' ER ENCE, respect.<br>
+ PHYS I CAL, material.<br>
+ AR' RANT, mere; vile.<br>
+ TIME'-BAN DI ED, time-lost.<br>
+ DE VEL' OP ED, brought out.<br>
+ CON STEL LA' TIONS, clusters of stars.<br>
+ DE SIGN ED, planned.<br>
+ COM BIN' ED, united.<br>
+ <br>
+ UNINTERRUPTED, (UN, <i>not</i>; INTER, <i>in between</i>;
+ RUPTED, <i>broken</i>;) not broken in between; unbroken.
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ It is sometimes desirable to have each member of the class
+ read a piece complete in itself. To answer this end, the
+ following collection of brief, though beautiful productions,
+ have been brought together all under one head.
+ </p>
+ <h4>
+ CHOICE EXTRACTS.
+ </h4>
+ <h5>
+ I.
+ </h5>
+ <h6>
+ WHAT REALLY BENEFITS US.
+ </h6>
+ <p>
+ It is not what we earn, but what we save, that makes us rich.
+ It is not what we eat, but what we digest, that makes us
+ strong. It is not what we read, but what we remember, that
+ makes us learned. It is not what we intend, but what we do,
+ that makes us useful. It is not a few faint wishes, but a
+ life-long struggle, that makes us valiant.
+ </p>
+ <h5>
+ II.
+ </h5>
+ <h6>
+ GOD'S LOVE.
+ </h6>
+ <pre>
+There's not a flower that decks the vale,
+ There's not a beam that lights the mountain,
+There's not a shrub that scents the gale,
+ There's not a wind that stirs the fountain,
+There's not a hue that paints the rose,
+ There's not a leaf around us lying,
+But in its use or beauty shows
+ God's love to us, and love undying!
+</pre>
+ <h5>
+ III.
+ </h5>
+ <h6>
+ LIFE-WORK.
+ </h6>
+ <p>
+ To acquire a thorough knowledge of our own hearts and
+ characters, to restrain every irregular inclination, to
+ subdue every rebellious passion, to purify the motives of our
+ conduct, to form ourselves to that temperance which no
+ pleasure can seduce, to that meekness which no provocation
+ can ruffle, to that patience which no affliction can
+ overwhelm, and that integrity which no interest can shake;
+ <i>this is the task which is assigned to us</i>,&mdash;a task
+ which can not be performed without the utmost diligence and
+ care.
+ </p>
+ <h5>
+ IV.
+ </h5>
+ <h6>
+ HUMILITY.
+ </h6>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ The brightest stars are burning suns;<br>
+ The deepest water stillest runs;<br>
+ The laden bee the lowest flies;<br>
+ The richest mine the deepest lies;<br>
+ The stalk that's most replenished,<br>
+ Doth bow the most its modest head.<br>
+ Thus, deep Humility we find<br>
+ The mark of every master-mind;<br>
+ The highest-gifted lowliest bends,<br>
+ And merit meekest condescends,<br>
+ And shuns the fame that fools adore,&mdash;<br>
+ That puff that bids a feather soar.
+ </p>
+ <h5>
+ V.
+ </h5>
+ <h6>
+ BENEFITS OF ADVERSITY.
+ </h6>
+ <p>
+ A smooth sea never made a skillful mariner. Neither do
+ uninterrupted prosperity and success qualify man for
+ usefulness or happiness. The storms of adversity, like the
+ storms of the ocean, rouse the faculties and excite the
+ invention, prudence, skill, and fortitude of the voyager.
+ </p>
+ <h5>
+ VI.
+ </h5>
+ <h6>
+ OUR MOUNTAIN HOMES.
+ </h6>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ MRS. S.R.A. BARNES.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+Why turn we to our mountain homes
+ With more than filial feeling?
+'Tis <i>here</i> that Freedom's altars rise,
+ And Freedom's sons are kneeling!
+Why sigh we not for softer climes?
+ Why cling to that which bore us?
+<i>'Tis here we tread on Freedom's soil,</i>
+<i>With Freedom's sunshine o'er us!</i>
+</pre>
+ <h5>
+ VII.
+ </h5>
+ <h6>
+ MAKE A BEGINNING.
+ </h6>
+ <p>
+ If you do not begin, you will never come to the end. The
+ first weed pulled up in the garden, the first seed set in the
+ ground, the first dollar put in the savings-bank, and the
+ first mile traveled on a journey, are all important things;
+ they make a <i>beginning</i>, and thereby give a hope, a
+ promise, a pledge, an assurance that you are in earnest in
+ what you have undertaken. How many a poor, idle, erring,
+ hesitating outcast is now creeping his way through the world,
+ who might have held up his head and prospered, if, instead of
+ putting off his resolutions of amendment and industry, he had
+ only made a beginning!
+ </p>
+ <h5>
+ VIII.
+ </h5>
+ <h6>
+ INFLUENCE.
+ </h6>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ GEORGE W. BUNGAY.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+1. Drop follows drop, and swells
+ With rain the sweeping river;
+ Word follows word, and tells
+ A truth that lives forever.
+2. Flake follows flake, like sprites
+ Whose wings the winds dissever;
+ Thought follows thought, and lights
+ The realm of mind forever.
+3. Beam follows beam to cheer,
+ The cloud a bolt might shiver;
+ Throb follows throb, and fear
+ Gives place to joy forever.
+4. The drop, the flake, the beam,
+ Teach us a lesson ever;
+ The word, the thought, the dream
+ Impress the soul forever.
+</pre>
+ <h5>
+ IX.
+ </h5>
+ <h6>
+ PLEASURE IN ACQUIRING KNOWLEDGE.
+ </h6>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ CAROLINE F. ORNE.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. Note the ecstatic joy of the student, who has labored long
+ over a problem or proposition, but finally comes to a logical
+ conclusion; who has struggled with the misty darkness of his
+ own mind, for a clear view of some difficult subject, until
+ the clouds, one after another, have dispersed, and he
+ beholds, with his mental vision, in bright and glorious
+ light, the conception for which he labored. Think you he
+ would exchange his joys for the pleasures of sense'? It is of
+ a higher and more ennobling character, and not to be bartered
+ for paltry wealth.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. What dignity and self-respect invest the man of thought!
+ His very looks bespeak of mind. He is approached with
+ deference, as a being of higher order in the scale of
+ intelligence,&mdash;as one who has a right to command and be
+ obeyed. For what moves mind, but mind? A strong intellect,
+ coming in contact with one of less energy, will as naturally
+ move it, as superior physical strength will overcome the
+ weaker.
+ </p>
+ <h5>
+ X.
+ </h5>
+ <h6>
+ WHAT IS FAME?
+ </h6>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ MOTHERWELL.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+What is glory`? What is fame`?
+The echo of a long-lost name`;
+A breath`, an idle hour's brief talk`;
+The shadow of an arrant naught`;
+A flower that blossoms for a day`,
+ Dying next morrow';
+A stream that hurries on its way,
+ Singing of sorrow';
+A fortune that to lose were gain`;
+A word of praise, perchance of blame`;
+The wreck of a time-bandied name`&mdash;
+<i>Ay` this is glory`! this is fame`!</i>
+</pre>
+ <h5>
+ XI.
+ </h5>
+ <h6>
+ CULTIVATED INTELLECT.
+ </h6>
+ <p>
+ Ah! well do we all know the worth of intelligence, the power
+ of knowledge, and the beauty and glory of wisdom. It is
+ <i>educated manhood</i> that wakes up the sleeping soil,
+ covers the earth with good, that gathers in the golden
+ harvest, that clothes the naked, that feeds the hungry. It is
+ the <i>cultivated mind</i> that applies the strength of the
+ ox and the fleetness of the horse; that bridges the river,
+ that turns to use the flying winds, that makes the lightning
+ its swift messenger, that makes beautiful palaces of dull
+ clay, that rouses the dead ore to active life, that covers
+ the sea with ships, and the land with mighty engines of
+ wealth. It is the <i>developed intellect</i> that flies
+ through the upper air, that mingles with the stars, that
+ follows the moon in her course, that overtakes the
+ constellations in their orbits, that weighs the sun, that
+ measures the distance to the polar star. It is the
+ <i>enlightened soul</i> that worships God.
+ </p>
+ <h5>
+ XII.
+ </h5>
+ <h6>
+ GOD'S WORKS ATTEST HIS GREATNESS.
+ </h6>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ MRS. OPIE.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+1. There's not a leaf within the bower;
+ There's not a bird upon the tree;
+ There's not a dew-drop on the flower,
+ But bears the impress, Lord, of Thee.
+2. Thy hand the varied leaf designed,
+ And gave the bird its thrilling tone;
+ Thy power the dewdrop's tints combined,
+ Till like the diamond's blaze they shone.
+3. Yes, dewdrops, leaves, and buds, and all
+ The smallest, like the greatest things,&mdash;
+ The sea's vast space, the earth's wide ball,
+ Alike proclaim Thee King of kings.
+4. But man alone to bounteous Heaven,
+ Thanksgiving's conscious strains can raise;
+ To favored man alone 'tis given
+ To join the angelic choir in praise!
+</pre>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson77"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXVII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ MO NOT' O NOUS, dull; uniform.<br>
+ HAR POON', barbed spear.<br>
+ AG' I TA TED, disturbed.<br>
+ RE VER' BER ATES, rebounds; re-echoes.<br>
+ WRITHES, twists, or turns in agony.<br>
+ CON TOR' TIONS, twistings; writhings.<br>
+ VE LOC' I TY, swiftness.<br>
+ IG NITES', takes fire.<br>
+ FRIC' TION, rubbing together.<br>
+ COILS, winds into a ring.<br>
+ PRO JECT' ED, thrown out or forward.<br>
+ VO CIF' ER A TED, shouted.<br>
+ IN FU' RI A TED, enraged.<br>
+ UN RE LENT' ING, unfeeling.<br>
+ CON VUL' SIONS, violent spasms.<br>
+ REN COUN' TER, fight; conflict.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ CAPTURE OF THE WHALE.
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ 1. Let the reader suppose himself on the deck of a
+ South-seaman, cruising in the North Pacific ocean. He may be
+ musing over some past event, the ship may be sailing gently
+ along over the smooth ocean, every thing around solemnly
+ still, with the sun pouring its intense rays with dazzling
+ brightness. Suddenly the monotonous quietude is broken by an
+ animated voice from the masthead, exclaiming, <i>"There he
+ spouts!"</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. The captain starts on deck in an instant, and inquires
+ <i>"Where away?"</i> but, perhaps, the next moment every one
+ aloft and on deck, can perceive an enormous whale lying about
+ a quarter of a mile from the ship, on the surface of the sea,
+ having just come up to breathe,&mdash;his large "hump"
+ projecting three feet out of the water. At the end of every
+ ten seconds, the spout is seen rushing from the fore part of
+ his enormous head, followed by the cry of every one on board,
+ who join in the chorus of <i>"There again!"</i> keeping time
+ with the duration of the spout.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. But, while they have been looking, a few seconds have
+ expired. They rush into the boats, which are directly lowered
+ to receive them; and in two minutes from the time of first
+ observing the whale, three or four boats are down, and are
+ darting through the water with their utmost speed toward
+ their intended victim, perhaps accompanied with a song from
+ the headsman, who urges the quick and powerful plying of the
+ oar, with the common whaling chant of
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+"Away, my boys, away, my boys, 'tis time for us to go."
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ 4. But, while they are rushing along, the whale is breathing;
+ they have yet, perhaps, some distance to pull before they can
+ get a chance of striking him with the harpoon. His "spoutings
+ are nearly out," he is about to descend, or he hears the
+ boats approaching. The few sailors left on board, and who are
+ anxiously watching the whale and the gradual approach of the
+ boats, exclaim, <i>"Ah, he is going down!"</i> Yet he spouts
+ again, but slowly, the water is seen agitated around him; the
+ spectators on board with breathless anxiety think they
+ perceive him rising in preparation for his descent. <i>"He
+ will be lost!"</i> they exclaim; for the boats are not yet
+ near enough to strike him, and the men are still bending
+ their oars in each boat with all their strength, to claim the
+ honor of the first blow with the harpoon.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. The bow-boat has the advantage of being the nearest to the
+ whale; the others, for fear of disturbing the unconscious
+ monster, are now ordered to drop astern. One more spout is
+ seen slowly curling forth,&mdash;it is his last; but the boat
+ shoots rapidly alongside of the gigantic creature. <i>"Peak
+ your oars!"</i> exclaims the mate, and directly they flourish
+ in the air; the glistening harpoon is seen above the head of
+ the harpooner. In an instant it is darted with unerring force
+ and aim, and is buried deeply in the side of the huge animal.
+ It is "socket up;" that is, it is buried in his flesh up to
+ the socket which admits the handle or pole of the harpoon.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. A cheer from those in the boats, and from the seamen on
+ board, reverberates along the still deep at the same moment.
+ The sea, which a moment before was unruffled, now becomes
+ lashed into foam by the immense strength of the wounded
+ whale, which, with its vast tail, strikes in all directions
+ at his enemies. Now his enormous head rises high into the
+ air, then his flukes are seen lashing everywhere, his huge
+ body writhes in violent contortions from the agony the
+ harpoon has inflicted. The water all around him is a mass of
+ foam, and the sounds of the blows from his tail on the
+ surface of the sea, can be heard for miles!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. <i>"Stern all!"</i> cries the headsman; but the whale
+ suddenly disappears; he has "sounded;" the line is running
+ through the groove at the head of the boat, with
+ lightning-like velocity; it smokes; it ignites from the heat
+ produced by the friction; but the headsman, cool and
+ collected, pours water upon it as it passes. But an oar is
+ now held up in their boat; it signifies that their line is
+ rapidly running out; two hundred fathoms are nearly
+ exhausted; up flies one of the other boats, and "bends on"
+ another line, just in time to save that which was nearly
+ lost.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. But still the monster descends; he is seeking to rid
+ himself of his enemies by descending deeply into the dark and
+ unknown depths of the vast ocean. Two more lines are
+ exhausted,&mdash;he is <i>six hundred fathoms deep! "Stand
+ ready to bend on!"</i> cries the mate to the fourth boat;
+ (for sometimes they take the whole four lines away with
+ them,&mdash;<i>eight hundred fathoms!!</i>) but, it is not
+ required, he is rising. <i>"Haul in the slack!"</i> observes
+ the headsman, while the boat-steerer coils it again carefully
+ into the tubs as it is drawn up.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. The whale is now seen approaching the surface; the
+ gurgling and bubbling water which rises, proclaims that he is
+ near; his nose starts from the sea; the rushing spout is
+ projected high and suddenly, from his agitation. The slack of
+ the line is now coiled in the tubs, and those in the fast
+ boat, haul themselves gently toward the whale. The
+ boat-steerer places the headsman close to the fin of the
+ trembling animal, who immediately buries his long lance in
+ the vitals of the leviathan, while, at the same moment, those
+ in one of the other boats, dart another harpoon into his
+ opposite side. Then, <i>"Stern all!"</i> is again
+ vociferated, and the boats shoot rapidly away from the
+ danger.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. Mad with the agony which he endures from these fresh
+ attacks, the infuriated "sea monster" rolls over and over,
+ and coils an amazing length of line around him. He rears his
+ enormous head, and, with wide-expanded jaws, snaps at every
+ thing around him. He rushes at the boats with his
+ head,&mdash;they are propelled before him with vast
+ swiftness, and sometimes utterly destroyed.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11. He is lanced again,&mdash;and his pain appears more than
+ he can bear. He throws himself, in his agony, completely out
+ of his element; the boats are violently jerked, by which one
+ of the lines is snapped asunder; at the same time the other
+ boat is upset, and its crew are swimming for their lives. The
+ whale is now free! he passes along the surface with
+ remarkable swiftness, "going head out;" but the two boats
+ that have not yet "fastened," and are fresh and free, now
+ give chase.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 12. The whale becomes exhausted from the blood which flows
+ from his deep and dangerous wounds, and the two hundred
+ fathoms of line belonging to the overturned boat, which he is
+ dragging after him through the water, checks him in his
+ course; his pursuers again overtake him, and another harpoon
+ is darted and buried deeply in his flesh.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 13. The fatal lance is, at length, given; the blood gushes
+ from the nostrils of the unfortunate animal in a thick, black
+ stream, which stains the clear blue water of the ocean to a
+ considerable distance around the scene of the affray. The
+ immense creature may now again endeavor to "sound," to escape
+ from his unrelenting pursuers; but he is powerless. He soon
+ rises to the surface, and passes slowly along until the
+ death-pang seizes him, when his appearance is awful in the
+ extreme.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 14. Suffering from suffocation, or from the stoppage of some
+ important organ, the whole strength of his enormous frame is
+ set in motion, for a few seconds, when his convulsions throw
+ him into a hundred different contortions of the most violent
+ description, by which the sea is beaten into foam, and boats
+ are sometimes crushed to atoms, with their crews.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 15. But this violent action being soon over, the now
+ unconscious animal passes rapidly along, describing in his
+ rapid course the segment of a circle; this is his "flurry,"
+ which ends in his sudden dissolution. The mighty rencounter
+ is finished. The gigantic animal rolls over on his side, and
+ floats an inanimate mass on the surface of the crystal
+ deep,&mdash;a victim to the tyranny and selfishness, as well
+ as a wonderful proof of the <i>great power of the mind of
+ man</i>.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. How are whales generally discovered? 2.
+ Why do they come to the surface of the water? 3. How far do
+ they sometimes descend in the ocean? 4. Describe the manner
+ in which they are captured.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson78"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXVIII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ A'ER O NAUT, one who sails in the air.<br>
+ RE DOUB LED, repeated.<br>
+ MAG NIF I CENT, grand; splendid.<br>
+ EL' E VA TED, raised; excited.<br>
+ GON' DO LA, small boat.<br>
+ BE GIRT', surrounded.<br>
+ RO TA RY, turning; revolving.<br>
+ IN TEN' SI TY, extreme degree.<br>
+ A' ER OS TAT, air-balloon.<br>
+ IN TER MI NA BLE, boundless.<br>
+ VA' RI E GA TED, diversified; varied.<br>
+ VERG' ING, tending; inclining.<br>
+ OB LIQUE' LY, slantingly.<br>
+ RES PI RA' TION, act of breathing.<br>
+ ZE' NITH, point in the heavens directly over head.<br>
+ MAN' DI BLES, jaws.<br>
+ EU ROC' LY DON, tempestuous wind.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ LEAVES FROM AN AERONAUT.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ WILLIS GAYLORD CLARK.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. My hour had now come, and I entered the car. With a
+ singular taste, the band struck up, at this moment, the
+ melting air of "Sweet Home." It almost overcame me. A
+ thousand associations of youth, friends, of all that I must
+ leave, rushed upon my mind. But I had no leisure for
+ sentiment. A buzz ran through the assemblage; unnumbered
+ hands were clapping, unnumbered hearts beating high; and
+ <i>I</i> was the cause. Every eye was upon me. There was
+ pride in the thought.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. "Let go!" was the word. The cheers redoubled;
+ handkerchiefs waved from many a fair hand; bright faces
+ beamed from every window, and on every side. One dash with my
+ knife, and I rose aloft, a habitant of air. How magnificent
+ was the sight which now burst upon me! How sublime were my
+ sensations! I waved the flag of my country; the cheers of the
+ multitude from a thousand housetops, reached me on the
+ breeze; and a taste of the rarer atmosphere elevated my
+ spirits into ecstasy.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. The city, with a brilliant sunshine striking the spires
+ and domes, now unfolded to view a sight incomparably
+ beautiful. My gondola went easily upward, cleaving the depths
+ of heaven like a vital thing. A diagram placed before you, on
+ the table, could not permit you to trace more definitely than
+ I now could, the streets, the highways, basins, wharves, and
+ squares of the town. The hum of the city arose to my ear, as
+ from a vast bee-hive; and I seemed the monarch-bee, directing
+ the swarm.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. I heard the rattling of carriages, the hearty
+ <i>yo-heavo-s!</i> of sailors from the docks that, begirt
+ with spars, hemmed the city round. I was a spectator of all,
+ yet aloof, and alone. Increasing stillness attended my way;
+ and, at last, the murmurs of earth came to my ear like the
+ vast vibrations of a bell. My car tilted and trembled, as I
+ rose. A swift wind sometimes gave the balloon a rotary
+ motion, which made me deathly sick for a moment; but strong
+ emotion conquered all my physical ailings.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. My brain ached with the intensity of my rapture. Human
+ sounds had fainted from my ear. I was in the abyss of heaven,
+ and <i>alone</i> with my God. I could tell my direction by
+ the sun on my left; and, as his rays played on the aerostat,
+ it seemed only a bright bubble, wavering in the sky, and I, a
+ suspended mote, hung by chance to its train. Looking below
+ me, the distant Sound and Long Island appeared to the east;
+ the bay lay to the south, sprinkled with shipping; under me,
+ the city, girded with bright rivers and sparry forests.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. The free wind was on my cheek, and in my locks; afar, the
+ ocean rolled its long, blue waves, checkered with masses of
+ shadow, and gushes of ruby sunlight; to the north and west,
+ the interminable land, variegated like a map, dotted with
+ purple, and green, and silver, faded to the eye. The
+ atmosphere which I now breathed, seemed to dilate my heart at
+ every breath. I uttered some audible expressions. My voice
+ was weaker than the faintest sound of a reed. There was no
+ object near to make it reverb or echo.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. My barometer now denoted an immense hight; and, as I
+ looked upward and around, the concave above seemed like a
+ mighty waste of purple air, verging to blackness. Below, it
+ was lighter; but a long, lurid bar of cloud stretched along
+ the west, temporarily excluding the sun. The shadows rushed
+ afar into the void, and a solemn, Sabbath twilight reigned
+ around. I was now startled by a fluttering in my gondola. It
+ was my carrier-pigeon. I had forgotten him entirely. I
+ attached a string to his neck, with a label, announcing my
+ hight, then nearly four miles, and the state of the
+ barometer.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. As he sat on the side of the car, and turned his tender
+ eyes upon me in mute supplication, every feather shivering
+ with apprehension, I felt that it was a guilty act to push
+ him into the waste beneath. But it was done; he attempted to
+ rise, but I out-sped him; he then fell obliquely, fluttering
+ and moaning, till I lost him in the haze. My greatest
+ altitude had not yet been reached. I was now five miles from
+ <i>terra firma</i>. [Footnote: Solid earth.] I began to
+ breathe with difficulty. The atmosphere was too rare for safe
+ respiration.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. I pulled my valve-cord to descend. It refused to obey my
+ hand. For a moment I was horror-struck. What was to be done?
+ If I ascended much higher, the balloon would explode. I threw
+ over some tissue paper to test my progress. It is well known
+ that this will <i>rise</i> very swiftly. It <i>fell</i>, as
+ if blown downward by a wind from the zenith. I was going
+ upward like an arrow. I attempted to pray, but my parched
+ lips could not move. I seized the cord again, with desperate
+ energy. Blessed Heaven! it moved.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. I threw out more tissue. It rose to me like a wing of
+ joy. I was descending. Though far from sunset, it was now
+ dark about me, except a track of blood-red haze in the
+ direction of the sun. I encountered a strong current of wind;
+ mist was about me; it lay like dew upon my coat. At last, a
+ thick bar of vapor being past, what a scene was disclosed! A
+ storm was sweeping through the sky, nearly a mile beneath;
+ and I looked down upon an ocean of rainbows, rolling in
+ indescribable grandeur, to the music of the thunder-peal, as
+ it moaned afar and near, on the coming and dying wind.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11. A frightened eagle had ascended through the tempest, and
+ sailed for minutes by my side, looking at me with panting
+ weariness, and quivering mandibles, but with a dilated eye,
+ whose keen iris flashed unsubdued. Proud emblem of my
+ country! As he fanned me with his heavy wing, and looked with
+ a human intelligence at the car, my pulse bounded with
+ exulting rapture. Like the genius of my native land, he had
+ risen above every storm, unfettered and FREE.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 12. But my transports were soon at an end. He attempted to
+ light on the balloon, and my heart sunk; I feared his huge
+ claws would tear the silk. I pulled my cord; he rose, as I
+ sank, and the blast swept him from my view in a moment. A
+ flock of wild-fowl, beat by the storm, were coursing below,
+ on bewildered pinions; and, as I was nearing them, I knew I
+ was descending. A breaking rift now admitted the sun. The
+ rainbows tossed and gleamed; chains of fleecy rack, shining
+ in prismatic rays of gold, and purple, and emerald,
+ "beautiful exceedingly," spread on every hand.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 13. Vast curtains of clouds pavilioned the immensity,
+ brighter than celestial roses; masses of mist were lifted on
+ high, like strips of living fire, more radiant than the sun
+ himself, when his glorious noontide culminates from the
+ equator. A kind of a&euml;rial Euroclydon now smote my car,
+ and three of the cords parted, which tilted my gondola to the
+ side, filling me with terror. I caught the broken cords in my
+ hand, but could not tie them.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 14. The storm below was now rapidly passing away, and beneath
+ its waving outline, to the south-east, I saw the ocean. Ships
+ were speeding on their course, and their bright sails melting
+ into distance; a rainbow hung afar; and the rolling anthems
+ of the Atlantic came like celestial hymnings to my ear.
+ Presently all was clear below me. The fresh air played
+ around. I had taken a noble circuit; and my last view was
+ better than the first, I was far over the bay, "afloating
+ sweetly to the west." The city, colored by the last blaze of
+ day, brightened remotely to the view.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 15. Below, ships were hastening to and fro through the
+ Narrows, and the far country lay smiling like an Eden. Bright
+ rivers ran like ribbons of gold and silver, till they were
+ lost in the vast inland, stretching beyond the view; the
+ gilded mountains were flinging their purple shadows over many
+ a vale; bays were blushing to the farewell day-beams; and now
+ I was passing over a green island. I sailed to the mainland;
+ saw the tall, old trees waving to the evening breeze; heard
+ the rural lowing of herds, and the welcome sound of human
+ voices; and, finally, sweeping over forest-tops and embowered
+ villages, at last, descended with the sun, among a
+ kind-hearted, surprised, and hospitable community, in as
+ pretty a town as one could desire to see, "safe and well."
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What demonstrations were made by the
+ people as the aeronaut began to ascend? 2. How did the city
+ and other objects appear to him? 3. What could he hear? 4.
+ Describe the appearance of the ocean. 5. What did he do with
+ his carrier-pigeon? 6. How high did he ascend? 7. Describe
+ his descent. 8. What is said about the eagle that came near
+ him? 9. Describe the appearance of the clouds beneath him.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson79"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXIX.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ BOUN' TY, charity; favor.<br>
+ FRU' GAL, prudent; economical.<br>
+ FLOUR' ISH ED, thrived; prospered.<br>
+ DIS CHARG' ED, performed.<br>
+ BREED' ING, education.<br>
+ EM BRAC' ED, accepted.<br>
+ MAIN TAIN' ED, supported.<br>
+ TRUDG' ED, traveled.<br>
+ BE GUIL' ED, amused.<br>
+ LE' GAL, lawful.<br>
+ TWAIN, two.<br>
+ BE WITCH' ING, charming.<br>
+ YOUNK' ER, lad; youngster.<br>
+ MED' I TA TIVE, thoughtful.<br>
+ <br>
+ PRO VOK' ED, (PRO, <i>forward, forth</i>; VOKED,
+ <i>called</i>;) called forth; excited.<br>
+ <br>
+ IN CLUDE', (IN, <i>in</i>; CLUDE, <i>shut</i>;) shut in;
+ inclose.<br>
+ <br>
+ IN SERT', (IN, <i>in</i>; SERT, <i>join, set</i>;) join, or
+ set in; put in.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ THE DAPPLE MARE.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ JOHN G. SAXE.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ 1. "Once on a time," as ancient tales declare,
+ There lived a farmer in a quiet dell
+ In Massachusetts, but exactly where,
+ Or when, is really more than I can tell,&mdash;
+ Except that quite above the public bounty,
+ He lived within his means and Bristol county.
+ 2. By patient labor and unceasing care,
+ He earned, and so enjoyed, his daily bread;
+ Contented always with his frugal fare,
+ Ambition to be rich ne'er vexed his head;
+ And thus unknown to envy, want, or wealth,
+ He flourished long in comfort, peace, and health.
+ 3. The gentle partner of his humble lot,
+ The joy and jewel of his wedded life,
+ Discharged the duties of his peaceful cot,
+ Like a true woman and a faithful wife;
+ Her mind improved by thought and useful reading,
+ Kind words and gentle manners showed her breeding.
+ 4. Grown old, at last, the farmer called his son,
+ The youngest, (and the favorite I suppose,) And said,&mdash;
+ "I long have thought, my darling John,
+ 'Tis time to bring my labors to a close;
+ So now to toil I mean to bid adieu,
+ And deed, my son, the homestead-farm to you."
+ 5. The boy embraced the boon with vast delight,
+ And promised, while their precious lives remained,
+ He'd till and tend the farm from morn till night,
+ And see his parents handsomely maintained;
+ God help him, he would never fail to love, nor
+ Do aught to grieve his gen'rous old gov'nor.
+ 6. The farmer said,&mdash;"Well, let us now proceed,
+ (You know there's always danger in delay,)
+ And get 'Squire Robinson to write the deed;
+ Come,&mdash;where's my staff?&mdash;we'll soon be on the way."
+ But John replied, with tender, filial care,
+ "You're old and weak&mdash;I'll catch the Dapple Mare."
+ 7. The mare was saddled, and the old man got on,
+ The boy on foot trudged cheerfully along,
+ The while, to cheer his sire, the duteous son
+ Beguiled the weary way with talk and song.
+ Arrived, at length, they found the 'Squire at home,
+ And quickly told him wherefore they had come.
+ 8. The deed was writ in proper form of law,
+ With many a "foresaid," "therefore," and "the same,"
+ And made throughout without mistake or flaw,
+ To show that John had now a legal claim
+ To all his father's land&mdash;conveyed, given, sold,
+ Quit-claimed, et cetera,[Footnote 1]&mdash;to have and hold.
+ 9. Their business done, they left the lawyer's door,
+ Happier, perhaps, than when they entered there;
+ And started off as they had done before,&mdash;
+ The son on foot, the father on the mare.
+ But ere the twain a single mile had gone,
+ A brilliant thought occurred to Master John.
+10. Alas for truth!&mdash;alas for filial duty!&mdash;
+ Alas that Satan in the shape of pride,
+ (His most bewitching form save that of beauty,)
+ Whispered the lad&mdash;"My boy, you ought to ride!"
+ "Get off!" exclaimed the younker&mdash;"'t isn't fair
+ That you should always ride the Dapple Mare!"
+11. The son was lusty, and the sire was old,
+ And so, with many an oath and many a frown,
+ The hapless father did as he was told;
+ The man got off the steed, the boy got on,
+ And rode away as fast as she could trot,
+ And left his sire to trudge it home on foot!
+12. That night, while seated round the kitchen fire
+ The household sat, cheerful as if no word
+ Or deed, provoked the injured father's ire,
+ Or aught to make him sad had e'er occurred,&mdash;
+ Thus spoke he to his son: "We quite forgot,
+ I think, t'include that little turnip lot!"
+13. "I'm very sure, my son, it wouldn't hurt it,"
+ Calmly observed the meditative sire,
+ "To take the deed, my lad, and just insert it;"
+ Here the old man inserts it&mdash;<i>in the fire!</i>
+ Then cries aloud with most triumphant air,
+ "Who now, my son, shall ride the Dapple Mare?"
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ [Footnote 1: And so forth.]
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What proposition did the father make to
+ his son? 2. What did the son promise to do? 3. How did the
+ son treat his father after he got the deed? 4. What did the
+ old gentleman do?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson80"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXX.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ HARD' I HOOD, bravery.<br>
+ MAIN TRUCK, small cap at the top of a flagstaff or
+ masthead.<br>
+ A GHAST', horrified.<br>
+ GROUPS, clusters; crowds.<br>
+ PAL' LID, pale.<br>
+ LU' RID, dismal; gloomy.<br>
+ HUE, color.<br>
+ RIV' ET TED, firmly fixed.<br>
+ FOLD' ED, embraced; clasped.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ A LEAP FOR LIFE.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ GEORGE P. MORRIS.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+1. Old Ironsides at anchor lay,
+(<i>sl</i>.) In the harbor of Mahon[1];
+ A dead calm rested on the bay,&mdash;
+ The waves to sleep had gone,&mdash;
+ When little Jack,[2] the captain's son,
+ With gallant hardihood,
+ Climbed shroud and spar,&mdash;and then upon
+ The main-truck rose and stood!
+2. A shudder ran through every vein,&mdash;
+ All eyes were turned on high!
+ There stood the boy, with dizzy brain,
+ Between the sea and sky!
+ No hold had he above,&mdash;below,
+ Alone he stood in air!
+ At that far hight none dared to go,&mdash;
+ No aid could reach him there.
+3. We gazed,&mdash;but not a man could speak;
+ With horror all aghast,
+ In groups, with pallid brow and cheek,
+ We watched the quivering mast!
+ The atmosphere grew thick and hot,
+ And of a lurid hue,
+ As, riveted unto the spot,
+ Stood officers and crew.
+4. The father came on deck. He gasped,
+ "O God, Thy will be done!"
+ Then suddenly a rifle grasped,
+ And aimed it at his son!
+ "Jump far out, boy, into the wave!
+ Jump, or I fire!" he said.
+ "That only chance your life can save:
+(<i>''</i>) Jump! jump, boy!" He obeyed.
+5. He sank,&mdash;he rose,&mdash;he lived,&mdash;he moved,&mdash;
+ He for the ship struck out!
+ On board we hailed the lad beloved
+ With many a manly shout.
+ His father drew, in silent joy,
+ Those wet arms round his neck,
+ Then folded to his heart the boy,
+ And fainted on the deck!
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ [Footnote 1: MA HON', (<i>Ma hone</i>,) a sea-port town on
+ the island of Minorca, in the Mediterranean Sea.]
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ [Footnote 2: A name commonly applied to a young sailor.]
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What did the captain's son do, on board
+ the Ironsides? 2. Describe his situation. 3. What is said of
+ the officers and crew? 4. What did the father say and do? 5.
+ What did the boy do?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson81"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXXI.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ COM MIN' GLE, mix or unite.<br>
+ PE DES' TRI AN, traveler on foot.<br>
+ PROM' I NENT, important.<br>
+ TRAG' lC, fatal; mournful.<br>
+ NAR RATE', tell; relate.<br>
+ YORE, olden time.<br>
+ WI' LY, craft; cunning.<br>
+ RE LENT' LESS, hard-hearted; cruel.<br>
+ WIG' WAM, Indian hut or cabin.<br>
+ EM BARK' ED, went aboard.<br>
+ TWANG, quick, sharp sound.<br>
+ SPA' CIOUS, large; capacious.<br>
+ WA' RI LY, cautiously.<br>
+ MYS TE' RI OUS LY, strangely.<br>
+ OM' IN OUS, foreboding ill.<br>
+ IM PLA' CA BLE, relentless.<br>
+ <br>
+ UN TRACE' A BLE, (UN, <i>not</i>; TRACE, <i>mark</i>; ABLE,
+ <i>that can be</i>;) that can not be marked, or traced; not
+ found out.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ THE INDIAN BRIDE'S REVENGE.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ L.M. STOWELL.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. In the State of New York, where the dark, foaming waters
+ of the Black River, after roaring and surging through many
+ pleasant fields, beautiful groves, and dense woodlands,
+ commingle with the clear, cold waters of Lake Ontario, the
+ wandering pedestrian or the lone fisherman may see, resting
+ upon a gravelly flat, the remains of an <i>old Indian
+ canoe</i>, whose once beautiful proportions, now untraceable
+ in its rottenness, bore a prominent part in the tragic event
+ I am about to narrate.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. Through these pleasant valleys, among the broken hills,
+ and in the majestic forests, of yore, the wily Indian and his
+ dusky mate, held undisputed possession; and many are the
+ incidents, yet unwritten, of tragic and thrilling interest,
+ that transpired around the red men's camp-fire, ere the white
+ man disturbed their forest homes.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. Si &ouml;us' ka, or the "Wild Flower," was the daughter of
+ a powerful chief of the Onondagas, and the only being ever
+ known to turn the relentless old chief from a savage purpose.
+ Something of this influence was owing to her great beauty;
+ but more to the gentleness of which that beauty was the
+ emblem. Her downcast eye, her trembling lip, her quiet,
+ submissive motion, all bespoke its language; and many were
+ the young chieftains that sought to win her affections.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. Among her admirers were two young chiefs of the Oneidas,
+ with whom the Onondagas were on the most friendly terms. Si
+ &ouml;us' ka's father, in order to cherish the friendly
+ feeling of the two tribes, and, at the same time, strengthen
+ his power, besought her to accept the more powerful chief,
+ "Eagle Eye." He did not plead in vain; for she had long loved
+ the young Oneida.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. One bright sunny morning, in early spring, as the old
+ chief was out hunting, the young Oneida crossed his path,
+ upon which the old man advanced, and, laying his hand upon
+ his shoulder, pointed to the dwelling of Si &ouml;us' ka. Not
+ a word was spoken. The proud old man and the strong, young
+ chief proceeded toward her wigwam, and entered together.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. Si &ouml;us' ka was seated in one corner, engaged upon
+ some fancy basket-work, and did not notice their approach
+ until they had entered. The old chief looked upon her with an
+ expression of love, which his stern countenance never wore
+ except in her presence. "Si&ouml;us'ka," he said in a subdued
+ tone, "Go to the wigwam of the Oneida, that your father's
+ tribe may be strengthened, and many moons may shine upon
+ their peace and prosperity."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. There was mingled joy and modesty in the upward glance of
+ the "Wild Flower" of the Onondagas, and, when the young chief
+ saw the light of her mild eye suddenly and timidly vailed by
+ its deeply-fringed lid, he knew that her love had lost none
+ of its power. The marriage song was soon sung in the royal
+ wigwam, in which the sweet voice of Si&ouml;us'ka was happily
+ heard to mingle.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. When the rejected chief of the Oneidas heard that the
+ "Wild Flower" had mated with the "Eagle Eye," his wrath knew
+ no bounds, and he secretly resolved upon revenge. Two years
+ passed away, and, as yet, no good opportunity had arrived;
+ for he dared not attack "Eagle Eye" in open conflict, for
+ fear of his superior powers; and, assassin-like, he sought to
+ give the blow unperceived.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. At length, the spring came, and a number of the tribe
+ prepared to visit Lake Ontario, on a fishing and hunting
+ excursion. Among the number who went, were the "Eagle Eye,"
+ Si&ouml;us'ka, and their little boy. They were obliged to
+ carry their light, birchen canoes from home, and these were
+ packed with the necessary tackle, skins for beds, &amp;c. The
+ strong men of the party carried the canoes on their
+ shoulders, and the women the smaller articles of furniture.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. They had advanced across the country, until they reached
+ the Black River, and, by carrying their canoes around falls
+ and rapids, gently floated down the stream till they reached
+ the great falls, about six miles from the Lake. Here they
+ halted for the night, and encamped about half a mile above
+ the falls.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11. The morning came; and, as the first beam of the rising
+ sun pierced the forest shade, the party again embarked in
+ their canoes for the mouth of the river, the gaudy canoe of
+ Si ous' ka, which her father had given her, taking the lead.
+ They had scarcely started from the shore, ere the sharp twang
+ of a bow-string was heard from the shore, and an unerring
+ arrow pierced the heart of "Eagle Eye." He fell over the side
+ of the canoe, and was swept by the current over the great
+ falls.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 12. The party immediately started in pursuit of the coward
+ murderer; but they sought in vain. His hiding-place was too
+ sure,&mdash;he had taken refuge in a cave, the entrance of
+ which was hid from observation by a thick clump of cedars.
+ Here he remained till he was certain the company had
+ departed. This cave is still there, and I have often been in
+ its many chambers,&mdash;some of which are very spacious.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 13. The fatal shaft was winged from the bow of the revenged
+ Oneida chief. Having been apprised of the expedition, he had
+ warily dogged the steps of the party, until a favorable
+ opportunity presented itself, and then satisfied his secret
+ longing for revenge upon the enemy, whom he did not dare to
+ attack even-handed. The party sought him far and near; but,
+ as no trace of any one could be found, they imagined, with
+ superstitious fear, that the "Great Spirit" had thus summoned
+ "Eagle Eye" to the "Spirit's Hunting Ground."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 14. When they returned to their canoes, no traces of Si ous'
+ ka and her child were to be found. They, too, had
+ mysteriously disappeared, and the whole party, with ominous
+ silence, hastened around the falls, and away from the fearful
+ place. When Si ous' ka saw the fatal shaft pierce her
+ companion, with, a fearful shriek she fell into the bottom of
+ the canoe, hid herself in the furs, and immediately her
+ reason forsook her.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 15. When she recovered, she found that her canoe, urged on by
+ the current, had floated into a large cave, and was firmly
+ wedged in between two rocks; and her little boy, with his bow
+ and arrow in his hand, was quietly sleeping by her side.
+ Dislodging the canoe, she plied the oars, and was soon
+ outside the cave.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 16. On finding her people had left her, she sought the shore,
+ and, fastening the canoe, proceeded below the falls, where
+ she found the body of the ill-fated "Eagle Eye," where it had
+ washed ashore. With superhuman strength, she bore the mangled
+ body to a thick grove of cedars, and, with her own hands, dug
+ a rude grave, and covered his remains with dried leaves and
+ earth. That night she kept her lonely watch beside the grave
+ of all that she held dear on earth, save her boy, intending
+ to follow the party on the morrow.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 17. The morning came, and the mid-day sun began to descend
+ toward the western hills, ere she left the grave of the
+ murdered chief. But, at length, she sorrowfully departed;
+ and, on arriving where she moored the canoe the day before,
+ what was her surprise to see the murderer of her husband,
+ quietly sleeping upon the skins where last "Eagle Eye" had
+ reposed, in the bow of the canoe.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 18. From that moment Si &ouml;us' ka was changed. Her quiet,
+ submissive air immediately gave place to fierce sternness,
+ and the eye that had always beamed with the smile of love,
+ shot forth flashes of bitter hate and passion, implacable as
+ the most bloodthirsty of her tribe. Noiselessly throwing the
+ oars from the boat, with a wild shriek, she quickly swung it
+ around into the rapidly rolling current, and it was hurried
+ toward the brink of that awful cataract, over which no living
+ being had ever passed alive.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 19. The young chief, awakened by that fearful, exulting cry
+ of revenge, and seeing the peril of his situation, leaped
+ from the bark that was hurrying him to sure destruction, and
+ vainly sought to gain the shore. After struggling with the
+ swift tide for a moment, in which he was carried nearer and
+ nearer the awful brink, he turned, and, with a wild,
+ unearthly yell, plunged over, and the boiling waters only
+ responded to his death-wail, as he sunk to rise no more, and
+ his spirit joined that of his victim in the "Spirit Land."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 20. After the gentle "Wild Flower" had avenged the death of
+ the "Eagle Eye," she returned to her father's wigwam, and
+ spent the remainder of her life to the memory of her heart's
+ first devotion. The canoe, all battered and broken, floated
+ to the mouth of the river, bottom side up, where it was seen
+ by one of the party while fishing, drawn to the shore, and
+ left to decay. The party supposed that "Eagle Eye," Sious'ka,
+ and her child, had all perished in some mysterious manner.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. Who was Sious'ka? 2. Who became her
+ husband? 3. What effect had her marriage upon the rejected
+ Oneida chief? 4. In what way did he seek revenge? 5. How did
+ Sious'ka avenge the death of her husband?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson82"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXXII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ EN TER TAIN' ED, had; harbored.<br>
+ PE CUL IAR' I TY, something special.<br>
+ CHA GRIN'ED, (<i>sha grin'ed</i>,) vexed.<br>
+ MOR' TI FI ED, hurt in feeling.<br>
+ OUT STRIP', go beyond; excel.<br>
+ RI' VAL RY, emulation.<br>
+ RE VERS' ES, troubles; difficulties.<br>
+ IN VIG' OR A TED, made strong.<br>
+ DES O LA' TION, waste; ruin.<br>
+ REF' UGE, shelter; protection.<br>
+ <br>
+ SYM' PA THIZ ED, (SYM, <i>with</i>; PATH, <i>feeling</i>;
+ IZE, <i>make, have</i>; ED, <i>did</i>;) did have feeling
+ with. See Note on the suffix IZE, p. 132 of the ANALYSIS.
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ [Headnote 1: SIS' ER A, captain of the army of the
+ Canaanitish king, Jabin. He was utterly defeated by Barak.
+ Fleeing on foot, he took refuge in the tent of Jael, wife of
+ Heber. There, while asleep, Jael drove a nail through his
+ temples, and so he died. His mother, finding he did not
+ return from the battle, "looked out at a window, and cried
+ through the lattice, Why is his chariot so long in coming?"
+ Read 4th and 5th chapters of Judges.]
+ </p>
+ <h4>
+ A MOTHER'S LOVE.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ ALBERT BARNES.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. Many of us who are advanced beyond the period of
+ childhood, went out from home to embark on the stormy sea of
+ life. Of the feelings of a father, and of his interest in our
+ welfare, we have never entertained a doubt, and our home was
+ dear because he was there; but there was a peculiarity in the
+ feeling that it was the home of our mother. Where <i>she</i>
+ lived, there was a place that we felt was <i>home</i>. There
+ was <i>one place</i> where we would always be welcome, <i>one
+ place</i> where we would be met with a smile, <i>one
+ place</i> where we would be sure of a friend.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. The world might be indifferent to us. We might be
+ unsuccessful in our studies or our business. The new friends
+ which we supposed we had made, might prove to be false. The
+ honor which we thought we deserved, might be withheld from
+ us. We might be chagrined and mortified by seeing a rival
+ outstrip us, and bear away the prize which we sought. But
+ there <i>was</i> a place where no feelings of rivalry were
+ found, and where those whom the world overlooked, would be
+ sure of a friendly greeting. Whether pale and wan by study,
+ care, or sickness, or flushed with health and flattering
+ success, we were <i>sure</i> that we should be welcome there.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. Though the world was cold toward us, yet there was
+ <i>one</i> who always rejoiced in our success, and always was
+ affected in our reverses; and there was a <i>place</i> to
+ which we might go back from the storm which began to pelt us,
+ where we might rest, and become encouraged and invigorated
+ for a new conflict. So have I seen a bird, in its first
+ efforts to fly, leave its nest, and stretch its wings, and go
+ forth to the wide world. But the wind blew it back, and the
+ rain began to fall, and the darkness of night began to draw
+ on, and there was no shelter abroad, and it sought its way
+ back to its nest, to take shelter beneath its mother's wings,
+ and to be refreshed for the struggles of a new day; but then
+ it flew away to think of its nest and its mother no more.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. But not thus did we leave our home when we bade adieu to
+ it to go forth alone to the manly duties of life. Even amidst
+ the storms that then beat upon us, and the disappointments
+ that we met with, and the coldness of the world, we felt
+ still that there <i>was one</i> who sympathized in our
+ troubles, as well as rejoiced in our success, and that,
+ whatever might be abroad, when we entered the door of her
+ dwelling, we should be met with a smile. We expected that a
+ mother, like the mother of Sisera[Headnote 1], as she "looked
+ out at her window," waiting for the coming of her son laden
+ with the spoils of victory, would look out for <i>our</i>
+ coming, and that <i>our</i> return would renew her joy and
+ ours in our earlier days.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. It makes a sad desolation when, from such a place, a
+ mother is taken away, and when, whatever may be the sorrows
+ or the successes in life, she is to greet the returning son
+ or daughter no more. The home of our childhood may be still
+ lovely. The old family mansion&mdash;the green
+ fields&mdash;the running stream&mdash;the moss-covered
+ well&mdash;the trees&mdash;the lawn&mdash;the rose&mdash;the
+ sweet-brier&mdash;may be there. Perchance, too, there may be
+ an aged father, with venerable locks, sitting in his
+ loneliness, with every thing to command respect and love; but
+ she is not there. Her familiar voice is not heard. The mother
+ has been borne forth to sleep by the side of her children who
+ went before her, and the place is not what it was.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. There may be those there whom we much love; but <i>she</i>
+ is not there. We may have formed new relations in life,
+ tender and strong as they can be; we may have another home,
+ dear to us as was the home of our childhood, where there is
+ all in affection, kindness, and religion, to make us happy;
+ but <i>that</i> home is not what it was, and it will
+ <i>never</i> be what it was again. It is a loosening of one
+ of the cords which bound us to earth, designed to prepare us
+ for our eternal flight from every thing dear here below, and
+ to teach us that there is <i>no</i> place here, that is to be
+ our permanent home.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What renders home doubly endearing? 2.
+ Where are we always welcome? 3. Who always rejoices in our
+ successes, and is affected in our reverses? 4. Who was
+ Sisera, and what account is given of him?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson83"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXXIII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ UN SPOT' TED, pure; unstained.<br>
+ FAL' TER, fail.<br>
+ TRA' CER Y, traces; impressions.<br>
+ IM' PRESS, mark: stamp.<br>
+ DO MIN' ION, authority; predominance.<br>
+ SHRINK, withdraw.<br>
+ PUR SU' ING, following.<br>
+ STERN ER, harsher; more rigid.<br>
+ DE FY', dare; challenge.<br>
+ WHO' SO, any person whatever.<br>
+ TO' KEN, sign; indication.<br>
+ BROTH' ER HOOD, fraternity.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ THE LIFE-BOOK.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ HOME JOURNAL.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+1. Write, mother, write!
+ A new, unspotted book of life before thee,
+ Thine is the hand to trace upon its pages
+ The first few characters, to live in glory,
+ Or live in shame, through long, unending ages!
+ Write, mother, write!
+ Thy hand, though woman's, must not faint nor falter:
+ The lot is on thee,&mdash;nerve thee then with care,&mdash;
+ A <i>mother's tracery</i> time may never alter;
+ Be its first impress, then, the breath of prayer!
+ Write, mother, write!
+2. Write, father, write!
+ Take thee a pen plucked from an eagle's pinion,
+ And write <i>immortal actions</i> for thy son;
+ Teach him that man forgets man's high dominion,
+ Creeping on earth, leaving <i>great deeds</i> undone!
+ Write, father, write!
+ Leave on his life-book a fond father's blessing,
+ To shield him 'mid temptation, toil, and sin.
+ And he shall go to glory's field, possessing
+<i>Strength to contend, and confidence to win</i>.
+ Write, father, write!
+3. Write, sister, write!
+ Nay, shrink not, for a sister's love is holy!
+ Write words the angels whisper in thine ears,&mdash;
+ No bud of sweet affection, howe'er lowly,
+ But planted here, will bloom in after years.
+ Write, sister, write!
+ Something to cheer him, his rough way pursuing,
+ For manhood's lot is sterner far than ours;
+ He may not pause,&mdash;he must be up and doing,
+ Whilst thou sitt'st idly, dreaming among flowers.
+ Write, sister, write!
+4. Write, brother, write!
+ Strike a bold blow upon those kindred pages,&mdash;
+ Write; shoulder to shoulder, brother, we will go;
+ Heart linked to heart, though wild the conflict rages,
+ We will defy the battle and the foe.
+ Write, brother, write!
+ We who have trodden boyhood's path together,
+ Beneath the summer's sun and winter's sky,
+ What matter if life brings us some foul weather,
+ We may be stronger than adversity!
+ Write, brother, write!
+5. Fellow immortal, write!
+ One GOD reigns in the Heavens,&mdash;there is no other,&mdash;
+ And <i>all mankind are brethren</i>&mdash;thus 'tis spoken,&mdash;
+ And whoso aids a sorrowing, struggling brother,
+ By kindly word, or deed, or friendly token,
+ Shall win the favor of our heavenly Father,
+ Who judges evil, and rewards the good,
+ And who hath linked the race of man together,
+ In one vast, universal brotherhood!
+ Fellow immortal, write!
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What may the mother write in the
+ Life-Book? 2. What, the father? 3. What, the sister? 4. What,
+ the brother? 5. What may all write?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson84"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXXIV.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ ODE, short poem.<br>
+ PA TER' NAL, coming by inheritance.<br>
+ AT TIRE', clothing; raiment.<br>
+ UN CON CERN' ED LY, without care.<br>
+ REC RE A' TION, amusement.<br>
+ IN' NO CENCE, freedom from guilt.<br>
+ MED I TA' TION, contemplation.<br>
+ UN LA MENT' ED, unmourned.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ ODE ON SOLITUDE.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ POPE.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Written when the author was twelve years of age.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+1. Happy the man whose wish and care
+ A few paternal acres bound,
+ Content to breathe his native air
+ In his own ground.
+2. Whose herds with milk, whose fields with bread,
+ Whose flocks supply him with attire;
+ Whose trees in summer yield him shade,
+ In winter fire.
+3. Blest who can unconcern'dly find
+ Hours, days, and years glide soft away,
+ In health of body, peace of mind,
+ Quiet by day.
+4. Sound sleep by night; study and ease,
+ Together mixed; sweet recreation;
+ And innocence, which most doth please
+ With meditation.
+5. Thus let me live, unseen, unknown;
+ Thus unlamented let me die;
+ Steal from the world, and not a stone
+ Tell where I lie.
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. Who, did the writer think, were happy? 2.
+ How did he wish to live and die? 3. Analyse the word
+ <i>recreation</i>, (RE <i>back</i>; CREATION, <i>act of
+ bringing into life</i>;) act of bringing back to life; a
+ reviving.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson85"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXXV.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ AD MI RA' TION, esteem.<br>
+ FRA TER' NAL, brotherly.<br>
+ IN SIG NIF' I CANCE, worthlessness.<br>
+ CRIT' IC AL, perilous.<br>
+ THOR' OUGH LY, completely; fully.<br>
+ COM PRE HEND', understand.<br>
+ CON VIC' TION, strong belief.<br>
+ COM PE TI' TION, strife; rivalry.<br>
+ EM U LA' TION, competition.<br>
+ IN TRIN' SIC AL LY, really; truly.<br>
+ AP PRE' CI ATE, value; esteem.<br>
+ BRAWN, physical strength.<br>
+ PIN' NA CLE, summit; highest point.<br>
+ SIN' U OUS, winding; bending.<br>
+ LE GIT' I MATE, lawful.<br>
+ REQ' UI SITE, necessary.<br>
+ CON SER VA' TION, act of keeping.<br>
+ DE VEL' OP MENT, training.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ GETTING THE RIGHT START.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ J.G. HOLLAND.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. The first great lesson a young man should learn, is, that
+ <i>he knows nothing;</i> and that the earlier and more
+ thoroughly this lesson is learned, the better it will be for
+ his peace of mind, and his success in life. A young man bred
+ at home, and growing up in the light of parental admiration
+ and fraternal pride, can not readily understand how it is,
+ that every one else can be his equal in talent and
+ acquisition. If bred in the country, he seeks the life of the
+ town, he will very early obtain an idea of his
+ insignificance.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. This is a critical period in his history. The result of
+ his reasoning will decide his fate. If, at this time, he
+ thoroughly comprehend, and in his soul admit and accept the
+ fact, that <i>he knows nothing</i> and <i>is nothing;</i> if
+ he bow to the conviction that his mind and his person are but
+ ciphers, and that whatever he is <i>to be</i>, and is <i>to
+ win</i>, must be achieved by <i>hard work</i>, there is
+ abundant hope of him.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. If, on the contrary, a huge self-conceit still hold
+ possession of him, and he straightens stiffly up to the
+ assertion of his old and valueless self,&mdash;or, if he sink
+ discouraged upon the threshold of a life of fierce
+ competitions, and more manly emulations, he might as well be
+ a dead man. The world has no use for such a man, and he has
+ only to retire or be trodden upon.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. When a young man has thoroughly comprehended the fact that
+ <i>he knows nothing</i>, and that, intrinsically, he is of
+ but <i>little value</i>, the next thing for him to learn is
+ that <i>the world cares nothing for him</i>,&mdash;that he is
+ the subject of no man's overwhelming admiration and
+ esteem,&mdash;that he must take care of himself.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. If he be a stranger, he will find every man busy with his
+ own affairs, and none to look after him. He will not be
+ noticed until he becomes <i>noticeable</i>, and he will not
+ become noticeable, until he <i>does something</i> to prove
+ that he has an absolute value in society. No letter of
+ recommendation will give him this, or ought to give him this.
+ No family connection will give him this, except among those
+ few who think more of blood than brains.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. Society demands that a young man <i>shall be somebody</i>,
+ not only, but that <i>he shall prove his right to the
+ title</i>; and it has a right to demand this. Society will
+ not take this matter upon trust,&mdash;at least, not for a
+ long time; for it has been cheated too frequently. Society is
+ not very particular what a man does, so that it prove him to
+ be a <i>man</i>: then it will bow to him, and make room for
+ him.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. There is no surer sign of an unmanly and cowardly spirit,
+ than a vague desire for <i>help</i>,&mdash;a wish to
+ <i>depend</i>, to <i>lean</i> upon somebody, and enjoy the
+ fruits of the industry of others. There are multitudes of
+ young men who indulge in dreams of help from some quarter,
+ coming in at a convenient moment, to enable them to secure
+ the success in life which they covet. The vision haunts them
+ of some benevolent old gentleman, with a pocket full of
+ money, a trunk full of mortgages and stocks, and a mind
+ remarkably appreciative of merit and genius, who will,
+ perhaps, give or lend them from ten to twenty thousand
+ dollars, with which they will commence and go on swimmingly.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. To me, one of the most disgusting sights in the world, is
+ that of a young man with healthy blood, broad shoulders, and
+ a hundred and fifty pounds, more or less, of good bone and
+ muscle, standing with his hands in his pockets, longing for
+ help. I admit that there are positions in which the most
+ independent spirit may accept of assistance,&mdash;may, in
+ fact, as a choice of evils, desire it; but for a man who is
+ able to help himself, to desire the help of others in the
+ accomplishment of his plans of life, is positive proof that
+ he has received a most unfortunate training, or that there is
+ a leaven of meanness in his composition, that should make him
+ shudder.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. When, therefore, a young man has ascertained and fully
+ received the fact that he does not know any thing, that the
+ world does not care any thing about him, that what he wins
+ must be won by his own brain and brawn, and that while he
+ holds in his own hands the means of gaining his own
+ livelihood and the objects of his life, he can not receive
+ assistance without compromising his self-respect and selling
+ his freedom, he is in a fair position for beginning life.
+ When a young man becomes aware that only by <i>his own
+ efforts</i> can he rise into companionship and competition
+ with the sharp, strong, and well-drilled minds around him, he
+ of ready for work, and not before.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. The next lesson is, that of <i>patience</i>, thoroughness
+ in preparation, and contentment with the regular channels of
+ business effort and enterprise. This is, perhaps, one of the
+ most difficult to learn, of all the lessons of life. It is
+ natural for the mind to reach out eagerly for immediate
+ results.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11. As manhood dawns, and the young man catches in its first
+ light the pinnacles of realized dreams, the golden domes of
+ high possibilities, and the purpling hills of great delights,
+ and then looks down upon the narrow, sinuous, long, and dusty
+ path by which others have reached them, he is apt to be
+ disgusted with the passage, and to seek for success through
+ broader channels, by quicker means. Beginning at the very
+ foot of the hill, and working slowly to the top, seems a very
+ discouraging process; and precisely at this point, have
+ thousands of young men made shipwreck of their lives.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 12. Let this be understood, then, at starting; that the
+ patient conquest of difficulties, which rise in the regular
+ and legitimate channels of business and enterprise, is not
+ only essential in securing the successes which you seek, but
+ it is essential to that preparation of your mind, requisite
+ for the enjoyment of your successes, and for retaining them
+ when gained. It is the general rule of Providence, the world
+ over, and in all time, that unearned success is a curse. It
+ is the rule of Providence, that the process of earning
+ success, shall be the preparation for its conservation and
+ enjoyment.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 13. So, day by day, and week by week; so, month after month,
+ and year after year, <i>work on</i>, and in that process gain
+ strength and symmetry, and nerve and knowledge, that when
+ success, patiently and bravely worked for, shall come, it may
+ find you prepared to receive it and keep it. The development
+ which you will get in this brave and patient labor, will
+ prove itself, in the end, the most valuable of your
+ successes. It will help to make a <i>man</i> of you. It will
+ give you power and self-reliance. It will give you not only
+ <i>self-respect</i>, but the <i>respect of your fellows and
+ the public</i>.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What is the first lesson a young man
+ should learn? 2. What is the next lesson he should learn? 3.
+ What does society demand of a young man? 4. What is a sure
+ sign of an unmanly and cowardly spirit? 5. When is a young
+ man in a fair position for beginning life? 6. What is a
+ general rule of Providence?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson86"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXXVI.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ PRE SUMP' TION, arrogance.<br>
+ SOPH' ISTS, professed teachers of wisdom.<br>
+ AC COST' ED, addressed.<br>
+ GEN' IUS, natural aptitude.<br>
+ IN DUC' ED, prevailed upon.<br>
+ PHI LOS' O PHER, lover of wisdom.<br>
+ BAR' BA ROUS, foreign; uncivilized.<br>
+ DIS SUADE', turn away from.<br>
+ EX CESS' IVE. overmuch.<br>
+ ES TEEM' ED, highly regarded.<br>
+ RE TRENCH, lessen; curtail.<br>
+ SU PER' FLU OUS, extravagant; needless.<br>
+ UN DER TAK' ING, engaging in.<br>
+ IN CA PAC' I TY, inability.
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ [Headnote 1: THE MIS' TO CLES, a celebrated Athenian
+ statesman and military leader, was born about 514 before
+ Christ.]
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ [Headnote 2: CI' MON, an illustrious Athenian general and
+ statesman, born about the year 510, before Christ. He
+ belonged to the aristocratic party of his time, and
+ contributed to the banishment of Themistocles, the leader of
+ the opposite party. He was also the political opponent of
+ Pericles.]
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ [Headnote 3: PER' I CLES, an Athenian statesman, born about
+ 495 before Christ. He labored to make Athens the capital of
+ all Greece, and the seat of art and refinement.]
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ [Headnote 4: PLA' TO, a celebrated Greek philosopher, born in
+ Athens about the year 429 before Christ. He was a pupil of
+ Socrates.]
+ </p>
+ <h4>
+ THE PRESUMPTION OF YOUTH.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ ROLLIN.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. The young people of Athens, amazed at the glory of
+ Themistocles,[Headnote 1] of Cimon,[Headnote 2] of
+ Pericles,[Headnote 3] and full of a foolish ambition, after
+ having received some lessons from the sophists, who promised
+ to render them very great politicians, believed themselves
+ capable of every thing, and aspired to fill the highest
+ places. One of them, named Glaucon, took it so strongly in
+ his head that he had a <i>peculiar genius</i> for public
+ affairs, although he was not yet twenty years of age, that no
+ person in his family, nor among his friends, had the power to
+ divert him from a notion so little befitting his age and
+ capacity.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. Socrates, who liked him on account of Plato[Headnote 4]
+ his brother, was the only one who succeeded in making him
+ change his resolution. Meeting him one day, he accosted him
+ with so dexterous a discourse, that he induced him to listen.
+ He had already gained much influence over him. "You have a
+ desire to govern the republic?" said Socrates. "True,"
+ replied Glaucon. "You can not have a finer design," said the
+ philosopher, "since, if you succeed in it, you will be in a
+ state to serve your friends, to enlarge your house, and to
+ extend the limits of your native country.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. "You will become known not only in Athens, but through all
+ Greece; and it may be that your renown will reach even to the
+ barbarous nations, like that of Themistocles. At last, you
+ will gain the respect and admiration of everybody." A
+ beginning so flattering pleased the young man exceedingly,
+ and he very willingly continued the conversation. "Since you
+ desire to make yourself esteemed and respected, it is clear
+ that you think to render yourself useful to the public."
+ "Assuredly." "Tell me, then, I beseech you, what is the first
+ service that you intend to render the state?"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. As Glaucon appeared to be perplexed, and considered what
+ he ought to answer,&mdash;"Probably," replied Socrates, "it
+ will be to enrich the republic, that is to say, to increase
+ its revenues." "Exactly so." "And, undoubtedly, you know in
+ what the revenues of the state consist, and the extent to
+ which they may be increased. You will not have failed to make
+ it a private study, to the end that if one source should
+ suddenly fail, you may be able to supply its place
+ immediately with another." "I assure you," answered Glaucon,
+ "that this is what I have never thought of."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. "Tell me, at least, then, the necessary expenses of
+ maintaining the republic. You can not fail to know of what
+ importance it is to retrench those which are superfluous." "I
+ confess to you that I am not more instructed with regard to
+ this article than the other." "Then it is necessary to defer
+ till another time the design that you have of enriching the
+ republic; for it is impossible for you to benefit the state
+ while you are ignorant of its revenues and expenses."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. "But," said Glaucon, "there is still another means that
+ you pass over in silence,&mdash;one can enrich a state by the
+ ruin of its enemies." "You are right." replied Socrates,
+ "but, in order to do that, you must be the more powerful;
+ otherwise you run the risk of losing that which you possess.
+ So, he who speaks of undertaking a war, ought to know the
+ power of both parties, to the end that if he finds his party
+ the stronger, he may boldly risk the adventure; but, if he
+ find it the weaker, he should dissuade the people from
+ undertaking it.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. "But, do you know what are the forces of our republic, by
+ sea and by land, and what are those of our enemies'? have you
+ a statement of them in writing'? You will do me the pleasure
+ to allow me a perusal of it." "I have none yet," replied
+ Glaucon. "I see, then," said Socrates, "that we shall not
+ make war so soon, if they intrust <i>you</i> with the
+ government; for there remain many things for you to know, and
+ many cares to take."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. The sage mentioned many other articles, not less
+ important, in which he found Glaucon equally inexperienced,
+ and he pointed out how ridiculous they render themselves, who
+ have the rashness to intermeddle with government, without
+ bringing any other preparation to the task than <i>a great
+ degree of self-esteem and excessive ambition</i>. "Fear, my
+ dear Glaucon," said Socrates, "fear, lest a too ardent desire
+ for honors should blind you; and cause you to take a part
+ that would cover you with shame, in bringing to light your
+ incapacity, and want of talent."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. The youth was wise enough to profit by the good advice of
+ his instructor, and took some time to gain private
+ information, before he ventured to appear in public. This
+ lesson is for all ages.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. To what did the young people of Athens
+ aspire? 2. What did Glaucon believe he possessed? 3. Who
+ succeeded in making him change his resolution? 4. How did
+ Socrates do this? 5. What did Socrates finally say to him?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson87"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXXVII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ CREST, topmost height.<br>
+ TOR' RENTS, rushing streams.<br>
+ TYPE, symbol; token.<br>
+ AE' RIE, (<i>&acirc;' ry</i>,) eagle's nest.<br>
+ VAULT' ED, arched.<br>
+ LIQ' UID, (<i>lik' wid</i>,) clear; flowing.<br>
+ BASK, lie exposed to warmth.<br>
+ CAN' O PY, covering.<br>
+ REV' EL RY, noisy merriment.<br>
+ BIDE, stay; continue.<br>
+ VO LUP' TU OUS, devoted to pleasure.<br>
+ HAUNTS, places of resort.<br>
+ EX PIRES', dies; becomes extinct.<br>
+ SMOL' DER ING, burning and smoking without vent.<br>
+ HER' IT AGE, inheritance.<br>
+ QUENCH' ED, extinguished.<br>
+ PEN' NON, flag; banner.<br>
+ WRENCH, wrest; twist off.<br>
+ CRA' VEN, base; cowardly.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ SONG OF THE AMERICAN EAGLE.
+ </h4>
+ <pre>
+1. I build my nest on the mountain's crest,
+ Where the wild winds rock my eaglets to rest,&mdash;
+ Where the lightnings flash, and the thunders crash,
+ And the roaring torrents foam and dash;
+ For my spirit free henceforth shall be
+ A type of the sons of Liberty.
+2. Aloft I fly from my a&euml;rie high,
+ Through the vaulted dome of the azure sky;
+ On a sunbeam bright take my airy flight,
+ And float in a flood of liquid light;
+ For I love to play in the noontide ray,
+ And bask in a blaze from the throne of day.
+3. Away I spring with a tireless wing,
+ On a feathery cloud I poise and swing;
+ I dart down the steep where the lightnings leap,
+ And the clear blue canopy swiftly sweep;
+ For, dear to me is the revelry
+ Of a free and fearless Liberty.
+4. I love the land where the mountains stand,
+ Like the watch-towers high of a Patriot band;
+ For I may not bide in my glory and pride,
+ Though the land be never so fair and wide,
+ Where Luxury reigns o'er voluptuous plains,
+ And fetters the free-born soul in chains.
+5. Then give to me in my flights to see
+ The land of the pilgrims <i>ever free</i>!
+ And I never will rove from the haunts I love
+ But watch, from my sentinel-track above,
+ Your banner free, o'er land and sea,
+ And exult in your glorious Liberty.
+6. <i>O, guard ye well the land where I dwell</i>,
+ Lest to future times the tale I tell,
+ When slow expires in smoldering fires
+ The goodly heritage of your sires,&mdash;
+ How Freedom's light rose clear and bright
+ O'er fair Columbia's beacon-hight,
+ Till ye quenched the flame in a starless night.
+7. Then will I tear from your pennon fair
+ The stars ye have set in triumph there;
+ My olive-branch on the blast I'll launch,
+ The fluttering stripes from the flagstaff wrench,
+ And away I'll flee; for I scorn to see
+<i>A craven race</i> in the land of the free!
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. Where does the eagle build its nest? 2.
+ Describe its flights. 3. Where does it love to dwell? 4. Of
+ what is the eagle a type? 5. What warning does it give to the
+ people of this country? 6. What is there peculiar in the
+ construction of the first, third, and fifth lines of each
+ verse?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson88"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXXVIII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ AN' THEM, ode; song.<br>
+ DAUNT' LESS, bold; fearless.<br>
+ WAG' ED, carried on.<br>
+ UN AW' ED, undismayed.<br>
+ SCROLL, roll of paper; document.<br>
+ COUNT' LESS, unnumbered.<br>
+ ROY' AL, regal; noble.<br>
+ U' NI VERSE, whole creation.<br>
+ BAF' FLED, frustrated.<br>
+ TY RAN' NIC, oppressive; despotic.<br>
+ CURB, check; restrain.<br>
+ SUC CEED' ING, following.<br>
+ HURL' ED, thrown.<br>
+ PEAL' ED, resounded.
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ [Headnote 1: HEL' LES PONT, now the Dardanelles, a narrow
+ strait between Asia and Europe.]
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ [Headnote 2: XER' XES, (<i>zerks' ees</i>,) the celebrated
+ king of Persia, during his famous expedition into Greece,
+ caused a bridge of boats to be built over the Hellespont; but
+ the work having been destroyed by a storm, he was greatly
+ enraged against the sea, and ordered it to be lashed, and
+ fetters to be cast into it to restrain its violence.]
+ </p>
+ <h4>
+ THE ARMY OF REFORM.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ SARAH JANE LIPPINCOTT.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ 1. Yes, <i>ye are few</i>,&mdash;and <i>they were few</i>,
+ Who, daring storm and sea,
+ Once raised upon old Plymouth rock
+ "The anthem of the free."
+ 2. <i>And they were few</i> at Lexington,
+ To battle, or to die,&mdash;
+ That lightning-flash, that thunder-peal,
+ Told that the storm was nigh.
+ 3. <i>And they were few</i>, who dauntless stood,
+ Upon old Bunkers hight,
+ And waged with Britain's strength and pride
+ The fierce, unequal fight.
+ 4. <i>And they were few</i>, who, all unawed
+ By kingly "rights divine,"
+ The Declaration, rebel scroll,[1]
+ Untrembling dared to sign.
+ 5. <i>Yes, ye are few</i>; for one proud glance
+ Can take in all your band,
+ As now against a countless host,
+ Firm, true, and calm, ye stand.
+ 6. Unmoved by Folly's idiot laugh,
+ Hate's curse, or Envy's frown,&mdash;
+ Wearing your rights as royal robes,
+ Your manhood as a crown,&mdash;
+ 7. With eyes whose gaze, unvailed by mists,
+ Still rises, clearer, higher,&mdash;
+ With stainless hands, and lips that Truth
+ Hath touched with living fire,&mdash;
+ 8. With one high hope, that ever shines
+ Before you as a star,&mdash;
+ One prayer of faith, one fount of strength,
+<i>A glorious few ye are!</i>
+ 9. Ye <i>dare</i> not fear, ye <i>can not</i> fail,
+ Your destiny ye bind
+ To that sublime, eternal law
+ That rules the march of mind.
+10. See yon bold eagle toward the sun
+ Now rising free and strong,
+ And see yon mighty river roll
+ Its sounding tide along!
+11. Ah! yet near earth the eagle tires,
+ Lost in the sea, the river;
+<i>But naught can stay the human mind</i>,&mdash;
+<i>'Tis upward, onward, ever!</i>
+12. It yet shall tread the starlit paths,
+ By highest angels trod,
+ And pause but at the farthest world
+ In the universe of God.
+13. 'Tis said that Persia's baffled king,
+ In mad, tyrannic pride,
+ Cast fetters on the Hellespont,[Headnote 1]
+ To curb its swelling tide:
+14. But freedom's own true spirit heaves
+ The bosom of the main;
+ It tossed those fetters to the skies,
+ And bounded on again!
+15. The scorn of each succeeding age
+ On Xerxes'[Headnote 2] head was hurled,
+ And o'er that foolish deed has pealed
+ The long laugh of a world.
+16. Thus, thus, defeat, and scorn, and shame,
+ Is <i>his</i>, who strives to bind
+<i>The restless, leaping waves of thought,</i>
+<i>The free tide of the mind.</i>
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ [Footnote 1: The reference is to the Declaration of
+ Independence, made July 4th, 1776.]
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. Who raised the anthem of the free on
+ Plymouth Rock? 2. What is said of the few on Bunker's Hight?
+ 3. How many signed the Declaration of Independence? Ans. 56.
+ 4. What is said of the eagle? 5. Of the human mind? 6. Of
+ Freedom? 7. Where is the Hellespont?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson89"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON LXXXIX.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ FRESH' EN ED, grew brisk or strong.<br>
+ FIT FUL LY, at intervals.<br>
+ IN DI CA' TION, sign; token.<br>
+ EN THU' SI ASM, strong feeling.<br>
+ AP PRE HEND' ING, fearing.<br>
+ A BAN' DON, give up; forsake.<br>
+ HAW' SERS, cables; large ropes.<br>
+ VOL UN TEER' ED, offered willingly.<br>
+ IN' TER VAL, intervening time.<br>
+ DE VOT' ED, doomed; ill-fated.<br>
+ THWARTS, seats placed across a boat.<br>
+ GUAR' AN TY, warrant.<br>
+ IN EV' I TA BLY, certainly; surely.<br>
+ AC CU' MU LA TED, collected; heaped.<br>
+ STAN' CHION, (<i>stan' shun</i>,) small post.<br>
+ VI' ED, strove; contended.<br>
+ DIS' LO CA TED, out of joint; disjointed.<br>
+ AM' PU TA TED, cut off.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ THE LAST CRUISE OF THE MONITOR.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ GREENVILLE M. WEEKS.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. On the afternoon of December 29th, 1862, she put on steam,
+ and, in tow of the "Rhode Island," passed Fortress Monroe,
+ and out to sea. As we gradually passed out, the wind
+ freshened somewhat; but the sun went down in glorious clouds
+ of purple and crimson, and the night was fair and calm above
+ us, though, in the interior of our little vessel, the air had
+ already begun to lose its freshness. We suffered more or less
+ from its closeness through the night, and woke in the morning
+ to find it heavy with impurity, from the breaths of some
+ sixty persons, composing the officers and crew.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. Sunshine found us on deck, enjoying pure air, and watching
+ the east. During the night we had passed Cape Henry, and now,
+ at dawn, found ourselves on the ocean,&mdash;the land only a
+ blue line in the distance. A few more hours, and that had
+ vanished. No sails were visible; and the Passaic, which we
+ had noticed the evening before, was now out of sight. The
+ morning and afternoon passed quietly; we spent most of our
+ time on deck, on account of the confined air below, and,
+ being on a level with the sea, with the spray dashing over us
+ occasionally, amused ourselves with noting its shifting hues
+ and forms, from the deep green of the first long roll, to the
+ foam-crest and prismatic tints of the falling wave.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. As the afternoon advanced, the freshening wind, the
+ thickening clouds, and the increasing roll of the sea, gave
+ those most accustomed to ordinary ship-life, some new
+ experiences. The little vessel plunged through the rising
+ waves, instead of riding them, and, as they increased in
+ violence, lay, as it were, under their crests, which washed
+ over her continually; so that, even when we considered
+ ourselves safe, the appearance was that of a vessel sinking.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. "I'd rather go to sea in a diving-bell!" said one, as the
+ waves dashed over the pilot-house, and the little craft
+ seemed buried in water. "Give me an oyster-scow!" cried
+ another,&mdash;"any thing! only let it be <i>wood</i>, and
+ something that will float <i>over</i>, instead of
+ <i>under</i> the water!" Still she plunged on; and about 6:30
+ P.M., we made Cape Hatteras; in half an hour we had rounded
+ the point. A general hurrah went up,&mdash;"Hurrah for the
+ first iron-clad that ever rounded Cape Hatteras! Hurrah for
+ the little boat that is first in every thing!"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. At half-past seven, a heavy shower fell, lasting about
+ twenty minutes. At this time the gale increased; black, heavy
+ clouds covered the sky, through which the moon glittered
+ fitfully, allowing us to see in the distance a long line of
+ white, plunging foam rushing toward us,&mdash;sure
+ indication, to a sailor's eye, of a stormy time. A gloom
+ overhung every thing; the banks of cloud seemed to settle
+ around us; the moan of the ocean grew louder and more
+ fearful. Still our little boat pushed doggedly on: victorious
+ through all, we thought that here, too, she would conquer,
+ though the beating waves sent shudders through her whole
+ frame.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. An hour passed; the air below, which had all day been
+ increasing in closeness, was now almost stifling; but our men
+ lost no courage. Some sang as they worked; and the cadence of
+ their voices, mingling with the roar of waters, sounded like
+ a defiance to Ocean. Some stationed themselves on top of the
+ turret, and a general enthusiasm filled all breasts, as huge
+ waves, twenty feet high, rose up on all sides, hung suspended
+ for a moment like jaws open to devour, and then, breaking,
+ gnashed over in foam from side to side.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. Those of us new to the sea, and not apprehending our
+ peril, hurrahed for the largest wave; but the captain and one
+ or two others, old sailors, knowing its power, grew
+ momentarily more and more&mdash;anxious, feeling, with a
+ dread instinctive to the sailor, that, in case of extremity,
+ no wreck yet known to ocean, could be so hopeless as this.
+ Solid iron from keelson to turret-top, clinging to any thing
+ for safety, if the "Monitor" should go down, would only
+ insure a share in her fate. No mast., no spar, no floating
+ thing, to meet the outstretched hand in the last moment.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. The sea gathered force from each attack. Thick and fast
+ came the blows on the iron mail of the "Monitor," and still
+ the brave little vessel held her own, until, at half-past
+ eight, the engineer, faithful to the end, reported a leak.
+ The pumps were instantly set in motion, and we watched their
+ progress with an intense interest. She had seemed to us like
+ an old-time knight, in armor, battling against fearful odds,
+ but still holding his ground. We who watched, when the blow
+ came which made the strong man reel and the life-blood spout,
+ felt our hearts faint within us; then, again, ground was
+ gained, and the fight went on, the water lowering somewhat
+ under the laboring pumps.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. From nine to ten it kept pace with them. From ten to
+ eleven the sea increased in violence, the waves now dashing
+ entirely over the turret, blinding the eyes, and causing
+ quick catchings of the breath, as they swept against us. At
+ ten the engineer had reported the leak as gaining on us; at
+ half-past ten, with several pumps in constant motion, one of
+ which threw out three thousand gallons a minute, the water
+ was rising rapidly, and nearing the fires. When these were
+ reached, the vessel's doom was sealed; for, with their
+ extinction, the pumps must cease, and all hope of keeping the
+ "Monitor" above water more than an hour or two, expired.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. Our knight had received his death-blow, and lay
+ struggling and helpless under the power of a stronger than
+ he. A consultation was held, and, not without a conflict of
+ fueling, it was decided that signals of distress should be
+ made. Ocean claimed our little vessel, and her trembling
+ frame and failing fire proved she would soon answer his call;
+ yet a pang went through us, as we thought of the first
+ iron-clad lying alone at the bottom of this stormy sea, her
+ guns silenced, herself a useless mass of metal. Each quiver
+ of her strong frame seemed to plead with us not to abandon
+ her.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11. The work she <i>had</i> done, the work she <i>was</i> to
+ do, rose before us: might there not be a possibility of
+ saving her yet? Her time could not have come so soon. But we
+ who descended for a moment to the cabin, knew, by the
+ rising-water through which we waded, that the end was near.
+ Small time was there for regrets. Rockets were thrown up, and
+ answered by the "Rhode Island," whose brave men prepared at
+ once to lower boats, though, in that wild sea, it was almost
+ madness.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 12. The "Monitor" had been attached to the "Rhode Island" by
+ two hawsers, one of which had parted at about seven P.M. The
+ other remained firm; but now it was necessary it should be
+ cut. How was that possible, when every wave washed clean over
+ the deck? What man could reach it alive? "Who'll cut the
+ hawser?" shouted Captain Bankhead. Acting master Stodder
+ volunteered, and was followed by another. Holding by one hand
+ to the ropes at her side, they cut through, by many blows of
+ the hatchet, the immense rope which united the vessels.
+ Stodder returned in safety, but his brave companion was
+ washed over, and went down.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 13. Meanwhile the boat launched from the "Rhode Island," had
+ started, manned by a crew of picked men. A mere heroic
+ impulse could not have accomplished this most noble deed. For
+ hours they had watched the raging sea. Their captain and
+ <i>they</i> knew the danger; every man who entered that boat,
+ did it at the peril of his life; and yet all were ready. Are
+ not such acts as these convincing proofs of the divinity of
+ human nature'? We watched her with straining eyes; for few
+ thought she could live to reach us. She neared; we were sure
+ of her, thank Heaven!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 14. In this interval, the cut hawser had become entangled in
+ the paddle-wheel of the "Rhode Island," and she drifted down
+ upon us; we, not knowing this fact, supposed her coming to
+ our assistance; but a moment undeceived us. The launch sent
+ to our relief was now between us and her,&mdash;too near for
+ safety. The steamer bore swiftly down, stern first, upon our
+ starboard quarter. "<i>Keep off! keep off!</i>" we cried, and
+ then first saw she was helpless.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 15. Even as we looked, the devoted boat was caught between
+ the steamer and the iron-clad,&mdash;a sharp sound of
+ crushing wood was heard,&mdash;thwarts, oars, and splinters
+ flew in air,&mdash;the boat's crew leaped to the "Monitor's"
+ deck, Death stared us in the face; our iron prow must go
+ through the Rhode Island's side,&mdash;and then an end to
+ all. One awful moment we held our breath,&mdash;then the
+ hawser was cleared,&mdash;the steamer moved off, as it were,
+ step by step, first one, then another, till a ship's length
+ lay between us, and then we breathed freely.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 16. But the boat!&mdash;had she gone to the bottom, carrying
+ brave souls with her? No; there she lay, beating against our
+ iron sides; but still, though bruised and broken, a lifeboat
+ to us. There was no hasty scramble for life when it was found
+ she floated,&mdash;all held back. The men kept steady on at
+ their work of bailing,&mdash;only those leaving, and in the
+ order named, whom the captain bade save themselves. They
+ descended from the turret to the deck with mingled fear and
+ hope, for the waves tore from side to side, and the coolest
+ head and bravest heart could not guaranty safety. Some were
+ washed over as they left the turret, and, with a vain clutch
+ at the iron deck, a wild throwing up of the arms, went down,
+ their death-cry ringing in the ears of their companions.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 17. The boat sometimes held her place by the "Monitor's"
+ side, then was dashed hopelessly out of reach, rising and
+ falling on the waves. A sailor would spring from the deck to
+ reach her, to be seen for a moment in mid-air, and then, as
+ she rose, fall into her. So she gradually filled up; but some
+ poor souls who sought to reach her, failed, even as they
+ touched her receding sides, and went down. We had a little
+ messenger-boy, the special charge of one of our sailors, and
+ the pet of all; he must inevitably have been lost, but for
+ the care of his adopted father, who, holding him firmly in
+ his arms, escaped, as by a miracle, being washed overboard,
+ but finally succeeded in placing him safely in the boat.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 18. The last but one to make the desperate venture, was the
+ surgeon; he leaped from the deck, at the very instant when
+ the boat was being swept away by the merciless sea. Making
+ one final effort, he threw his body forward as he fell,
+ striking across the boat's side so violently, it was thought
+ some of his ribs must be broken. "<i>Haul the Doctor in!</i>"
+ shouted Lieutenant Greene, perhaps remembering how, a little
+ time back, he himself, almost gone down in the unknown sea,
+ had been "hauled in" by a quinine rope flung him by the
+ Doctor. Stout sailor-arms pulled him in; one more sprang to a
+ place in her, and the boat, now full, pushed off,&mdash;in a
+ sinking condition, it is true, but still bearing hope with
+ her, for <i>she was wood</i>.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 19. Over the waves we made little progress, though pulling
+ for life. The men stuffed their pea-jackets into the leaks,
+ and bailed incessantly. We neared the "Rhode Island;" but now
+ a new peril appeared. Eight down upon our center, borne by
+ the might of the rushing water, came the whale-boat sent to
+ rescue others from the iron-clad. We barely floated; if she
+ struck us with her bows full on us, we must go to the bottom.
+ One sprang, and, as she neared, with outstretched arms, met
+ and turned her course. She passed against us, and his hand,
+ caught between the two boats, was crushed, and the arm,
+ wrenched from its socket, fell a helpless weight against his
+ side; but life remained. We were saved, and an arm was a
+ small price to pay for life.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 20. We reached the "Rhode Island;" ropes were flung over her
+ side, and caught with a death-grip. Some lost their hold,
+ were washed away, and again dragged in by the boat's crew.
+ What chance had one whose right arm hung a dead weight, when
+ strong men with their two hands, went down before him? He
+ caught at a rope, found it impossible to save himself alone,
+ and then for the first time said,&mdash;"I am injured; can
+ any one help me?" Ensign Taylor, at the risk of his own life,
+ brought the rope around his shoulder in such a way that it
+ could not slip, and he was drawn up in safety.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 21. In the mean time, the whale-boat, which had nearly caused
+ our destruction, had reached the side of the "Monitor;" and
+ now the captain said, "It is madness to remain here longer:
+ let each man save himself." For a moment, he descended to the
+ cabin for a coat, and his faithful servant followed to secure
+ a jewel-box, containing the accumulated treasure of years. A
+ sad, sorry sight it was! In the heavy air the lamps burned
+ dimly, and the water, waist-deep, splashed sullenly against
+ the sides of the wardroom. One lingering look, and he left
+ the "Monitor's" cabin forever!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 22. Time was precious; he hastened to the deck, where, in the
+ midst of a terrible sea, Lieutenant Greene nobly held his
+ post. He seized the rope from the whale-boat, wound it about
+ an iron stanchion, then around his wrists, and, by this
+ means, was drawn aboard the boat. Thus, one by one, watching
+ their time between the waves, the men filled in, and, at
+ last, after making all effort for others, and none for
+ themselves, Captain Bankhead and Lieutenant Greene took their
+ places in the boat The gallant Brown pushed off, and soon
+ laid his boat-load safe upon the "Rhode Island's" deck.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 23. Here the heartiest and most tender reception met us. Our
+ drenched clothing was replaced by warm and dry garments, and
+ all on board vied with each other in acts of kindness. The
+ only one who had received any injury, Surgeon Weeks,
+ [Footnote: The writer of this account.] was carefully
+ attended to, the dislocated arm set, and the crushed fingers
+ amputated, by the gentlest and most considerate of surgeons,
+ Dr. Webber, of the "Rhode Island."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 24. For an hour or more we watched, from the deck of the
+ steamer, the lonely light upon the "Monitor's" turrets; a
+ hundred times we thought it gone forever,&mdash;a hundred
+ times it reappeared, till, at last, about two o'clock,
+ Wednesday morning, December 31st, it sank, and we saw it no
+ more. An actor in the scenes of that wild night, when the
+ "Monitor" went down, relates the story of her last cruise.
+ <i>Her</i> work is now over. She lies a hundred fathoms deep
+ under the stormy-waters off Cape Hatteras; but she has made
+ herself a name, which will not soon be forgotten by the
+ American people.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. When and where was the Monitor lost? 2.
+ What signal service had she rendered? 3. Who was the writer
+ of this account?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson90"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XC.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ RE SPON SI BIL' I TIES, obligations.<br>
+ LA' TENT, secret; hidden.<br>
+ IN IQ' UI TY, wickedness.<br>
+ EF FECT' IVE, powerful; efficient.<br>
+ REC' TI TUDE, right.<br>
+ PEN' E TRA TIVE, entering; piercing.<br>
+ MAL' ICE, ill-will; hatred.<br>
+ CHIV' AL RY, heroism; valor.<br>
+ WAN' TON LY, wastefully.<br>
+ SHEEN, brightness.<br>
+ SHIM' MER, glitter; gleam.<br>
+ RE VER' SION, future possession.<br>
+ IN SID' I OUS, crafty; deceitful.<br>
+ A THWART', across.<br>
+ SUS' TE NANCE, food; support.<br>
+ IM POS' ED, laid on; assigned.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF WOMAN.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ GAIL HAMILTON.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. Oh, if this latent power could be aroused! If woman would
+ shake off this slumber, and put on her strength, her
+ beautiful garments, how would she go forth conquering and to
+ conquer! How would the mountains break forth into singing,
+ and the trees of the field clap their hands! How would our
+ sin-stained earth arise and shine, her light being come, and
+ the glory of the Lord being risen upon her!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. One can not do the <i>world's</i> work; but one can do
+ <i>one's</i> work. You may not be able to turn the world from
+ iniquity; but you can, at least, keep the dust and rust from
+ gathering on your own soul. If you can not be directly and
+ actively engaged in fighting the battle, you can, at least,
+ polish your armor and sharpen your weapons, to strike an
+ effective blow when the hour comes. You can stanch the blood
+ of him who has been wounded in the fray,&mdash;bear a cup of
+ cold water to the thirsty and fainting,&mdash;give help to
+ the conquered, and smiles to the victor.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. You can gather from the past and the present stores of
+ wisdom, so that, when the future demands it, you may bring
+ forth from your treasures things new and old. Whatever of
+ bliss the "Divinity that shapes our ends" may see fit to
+ withhold from you, you are but very little lower than the
+ angels, so long as you have the
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ "Godlike power to do,&mdash;the godlike aim to know."
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ 4. You can be forming habits of self-reliance, sound
+ judgment, perseverance, and endurance, which may, one day,
+ stand you in good stead. You can so train yourself to right
+ thinking and right acting, that uprightness shall be your
+ nature, truth your impulse. His head is seldom far wrong,
+ whose heart is always right. We bow down to mental greatness,
+ intellectual strength, and they are divine gifts; but
+ <i>moral rectitude</i> is stronger than they. It is
+ irresistible,&mdash;always in the end triumphant.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. There is in <i>goodness</i> a penetrative power that
+ nothing can withstand. Cunning and malice melt away before
+ its mild, open, steady glance. Not alone on the fields where
+ chivalry charges for laurels, with helmet and breastplate and
+ lance in rest, can the true knight exultingly exclaim,
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+"My strength is as the strength of ten,
+ Because my heart is pure;"
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ but wherever man meets man, wherever there is a prize to be
+ won, a goal to be reached. Wealth, and rank, and beauty, may
+ form a brilliant setting to the diamond; but they only expose
+ more nakedly the false glare of the paste. Only when the
+ king's daughter is all glorious within, is it fitting and
+ proper that her clothing should be of wrought gold.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. From the great and good of all ages rings out the same
+ monotone. The high-priest of Nature, the calm-eyed poet who
+ laid his heart so close to hers, that they seemed to throb in
+ one pulsation, yet whose ear was always open to the "still
+ sad music of humanity," has given us the promise of his
+ life-long wisdom in these grand words:&mdash;
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+"True dignity abides with him alone
+ Who, in the silent hour of inward thought,
+ Can still suspect and still revere himself."
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ 7. Through the din of twenty rolling centuries, pierces the
+ sharp, stern voice of the brave old Greek: "<i>Let every man,
+ when he is about to do a wicked action, above all things in
+ the world, stand in awe of himself, and dread the witness
+ within him.</i>" All greatness, and all glory, all that earth
+ has to give, all that Heaven can proffer, lies within the
+ reach of the lowliest as well as the highest; for He who
+ spake as never man spake, has said that the very "kingdom of
+ God is within you."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. Born to such an inheritance, will you wantonly cast it
+ away? With such a goal in prospect, will you suffer yourself
+ to be turned aside by the sheen and shimmer of tinsel fruit?
+ With earth in possession, and Heaven in reversion, will you
+ go sorrowing and downcast, because here and there a pearl or
+ ruby fails you? Nay, rather forgetting those things which are
+ behind, and reaching forth unto those which are before,
+ <i>press forward</i>!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. Discontent and murmuring are insidious foes; trample them
+ under your feet. Utter no complaint, whatever betide; for
+ complaining is a sign of weakness. If your trouble can be
+ helped, <i>help it</i>; if not, <i>bear it</i>. You can be
+ whatever you <i>will</i> to be. Therefore, form and
+ accomplish worthy purposes.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. If you walk alone, let it be with no faltering tread.
+ Show to an incredulous world
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+"How grand may be Life's might,
+ Without Love's circling crown."
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ <br>
+ Or, if the golden thread of love shine athwart the dusky
+ warp of duty, if other hearts depend on yours for sustenance
+ and strength, give to them from your fullness no stinted
+ measure. Let the dew of your kindness fall on the evil and
+ the good, on the just and on the unjust.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11. Compass happiness, since happiness alone is victory. On
+ the fragments of your shattered plans, and hopes, and
+ love,&mdash;on the heaped-up ruins of your past, rear a
+ stately palace, whose top shall reach unto heaven, whose
+ beauty shall gladden the eyes of all beholders, whose doors
+ shall stand wide open to receive the way-worn and weary. Life
+ is a burden, but it is imposed by God. What you <i>make</i>
+ of it, it will <i>be</i> to you, whether a millstone about
+ your neck, or a diadem upon your brow. <i>Take it up bravely,
+ bear it on joyfully, lay it down triumphantly.</i>
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What are some of the duties of women? 2.
+ What is said of goodness? 3. What was the adage of the old
+ Greek? 4. What is said of discontent and murmuring?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson91"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XCI.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ ID' I OT, one devoid of reason.<br>
+ HOR' RI BLE, awful; dreadful.<br>
+ WOE' FUL, afflicted.<br>
+ HAR' ROW, disturb; harass.<br>
+ PRE SERVE', safely keep.<br>
+ SOOTH, fact; truth.<br>
+ SPOIL' ED, stripped; plundered.<br>
+ YEARN' ING, longing.<br>
+ IN SUF' FER A BLE, intolerable.<br>
+ CAN' TON, district; region.<br>
+ PAS TIME, amusement; diversion.<br>
+ ES PI' ED, saw; discovered.<br>
+ MOUNT AIN EER', dweller on a mountain.<br>
+ BRAWN' Y, strong; firm.<br>
+ FAG OTS, bundles of sticks.<br>
+ AUG MENT', increase; make larger.<br>
+ BEA' CON, signal-fire.<br>
+ BE TIDE', happen; befall.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ SCENE FROM WILLIAM TELL.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ J. SHERIDAN KNOWLES.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Emma.</i> I never knew a weary night before!<br>
+ I have seen the sun a dozen times go down,<br>
+ And still no William,&mdash;and the storm was on,<br>
+ Yet have I laid me down in peace to sleep,<br>
+ The mountain with the lightning all a-blaze,<br>
+ And shaking with the thunder,&mdash;but to-night<br>
+ Mine eyes refuse to close, (<i>sl.</i>) The old man
+ rests:<br>
+ Pain hath outworn itself, and turned to ease.<br>
+ How deadly calm's the night! (<i>''</i>) What's that? I'm
+ grown<br>
+ An idiot with my fears. I do not know,&mdash;<br>
+ The avalanche! Great Power that hurls it down,<br>
+ Watch o'er my boy, and guide his little steps!<br>
+ What keeps him? 'tis but four hours' journey hence:<br>
+ He'd rest; then four hours back again. <i>What keeps
+ him?</i><br>
+ Erni would sure be found by him,&mdash;he knows<br>
+ The track, well as he knows the road to Altorf!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Melchtal</i>. Help! (<i>in his sleep</i>.)
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Emma</i>. What's the matter? Only the old man
+ dreaming.<br>
+ He thinks again they're pulling out his eyes.<br>
+ I'm sick with terror! Merciful powers! what's this<br>
+ That fills my heart with horrible alarm?<br>
+ And yet it can not see.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Melch</i>. (<i>waking</i>) Where am I?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Emma</i>. Father!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Melch</i>. My daughter, is it thou'! Thank Heaven, I'm
+ here! Is't day yet'?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Emma</i>. No'.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Melch</i>. Is't far on the night'?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Emma</i>. Methinks, about the turn on't.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Melch</i>. Is the boy<br>
+ Come back'?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Emma</i>. No', father'.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Melch</i>. Nor thy husband'?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Emma</i>. No'.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Melch</i>. A woeful wife and mother have I made thee!<br>
+ Would thou hadst never seen me.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Emma</i>. Father'!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Melch</i>. Child'!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Emma</i>. Methinks I hear a step !&mdash;I do!
+ (<i>knocking</i>.) A knock!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Melch</i>. 'Tis William!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Emma</i>. No; it is not William's knock. (<i>Opens the
+ door</i>.) I told you so. Your will?
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ <i>Enter</i> STRANGER.
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ <i>Stran</i>. Seeing a light, I e'en made bold to knock, to
+ ask for shelter; For I have missed my way.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Emma</i>. Whence come you` friend'?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Stran</i>. From Altorf.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Emma</i>. Altorf'! Any news from thence'?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Stran</i>. Ay`! News to harrow parents' hearts, and make
+ The barren bless themselves that they are childless!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Emma</i>. May Heaven preserve my boy!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Melch</i>. What say'st thy news?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Stran</i>. Art thou not Melchtal&mdash;he whose eyes, 'tis
+ said,<br>
+ The tyrant has torn out'?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Melch</i>. Yes`, friend', the same.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Stran</i>. Is this thy cottage'?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Melch</i>. No`; 'tis William Tell's.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Stran</i>. 'Tis William Tell's&mdash;and that's his
+ wife&mdash;Goodnight.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Emma</i>. (<i>Rushing between him and the door</i>.) Thou
+ stirr'st not hence until thy news be told!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Stran</i>. My news! In sooth 'tis nothing thou would'st
+ heed.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Emma</i>. 'Tis something none should heed so well as I!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Stran</i>. I must be gone,
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Emma</i>. Thou seest a tigress, friend,<br>
+ Spoiled of her mate and young, and yearning for them.<br>
+ Don't thwart her! Come, thy news! What fear'st thou,
+ man?<br>
+ What more hath she to dread, who reads thy looks,<br>
+ And knows the most has come? Thy news! Is't bondage'?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Stran</i>. It is.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Emma</i>. Thank Heaven, it is not death! Of one&mdash;Or
+ two?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Stran</i>. Of two.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Emma</i>. A father and a son,<br>
+ Is't not?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Stran</i>. It is.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Emma</i>. My husband and my son<br>
+ Are in the tyrant's power! There's worse than that!<br>
+ What's that is news to harrow parents' breasts.<br>
+ The which the thought to only tell, 'twould seem,<br>
+ Drives back the blood to thine?&mdash;Thy news, I say!<br>
+ Wouldst thou be merciful, this is not mercy!<br>
+ Wast thou the mark, friend, of the bowman's aim.<br>
+ Wouldst thou not hare the fatal arrow speed,<br>
+ Rather than watch it hanging in the string?<br>
+ Thou'lt drive me mad! Let fly at once!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Melch</i>. Thy news from Altorf, friend, whatever it is!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Stran</i>. To save himself and child from certain
+ death,<br>
+ Tell is to hit an apple, to be placed<br>
+ Upon the stripling's head.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Melch</i>. My child! my child!<br>
+ Speak to me! Stranger, hast thou killed her?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Emma</i>. No!<br>
+ No`, father'. I'm the wife of William Tell;<br>
+ Oh, but to be a man!&mdash;to have an arm<br>
+ To fit a heart swelling with the sense of wrong!<br>
+ Unnatural&mdash;insufferable wrong!<br>
+ When makes the tyrant trial of his skill?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Stran</i>. To-morrow.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Emma</i>. Spirit of the lake and hill,<br>
+ Inspire thy daughter! On the head of him<br>
+ Who makes his pastime of a mother's pangs,<br>
+ Launch down thy vengeance by a mother's hand.<br>
+ Know'st the signal when the hills shall rise'? (<i>To
+ Melchtal.</i>)
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Melch</i>. Are they to rise'?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Emma</i>. I see thou knowest naught.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Stran</i>. Something's on foot! 'Twas only yesterday,<br>
+ That, traveling from our canton, I espied<br>
+ Slow toiling up a steep, a mountaineer<br>
+ Of brawny limb, upon his back a load<br>
+ Of fagots bound. Curious to see what end<br>
+ Was worthy of such labor, after him<br>
+ I took the cliff; and saw its lofty top<br>
+ Receive his load, which went but to augment<br>
+ A pile of many another.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Emma</i>. 'Tis by fire! Fire is the signal for the hills
+ to rise! (<i>Rushes out</i>.)
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Melch</i>. Went she not forth!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Stran</i>. She did,&mdash;she's here again,<br>
+ And brings with her a lighted brand.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Melch</i>. My child,<br>
+ What dost thou with a lighted brand?
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ (<i>Re-enter</i> EMMA <i>with a brand</i>.)
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ <i>Emma</i>. Prepare<br>
+ To give the signal for the hills to rise!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Melch</i>. Where are the fagots, child, for such a blaze?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Emma</i>. I'll find the fagots, father. (<i>Exit</i>.)
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Melch</i>. She's gone Again!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Stran</i>. She is,&mdash;I think into her chamber.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Emma</i>. (<i>Rushing in</i>.)&mdash;Father, the pile is
+ fired!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Melch</i>. What pile, my child!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Emma</i>. The joists and rafters of our cottage, father!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Melch</i>. Thou hast not fired thy cottage?&mdash;but thou
+ hast;<br>
+ Alas, I hear the crackling of the flames!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Emma</i>. Say'st thou, alas! when I do say, thank
+ Heaven.<br>
+ Father, this blaze will set the land a-blaze<br>
+ With fire that shall preserve, and not destroy it.<br>
+ (<i>f</i>.) <i>Blaze on!</i> BLAZE ON! Oh, may'st thou be a
+ beacon<br>
+ To light its sons enslaved to liberty!<br>
+ How fast it spreads! A spirit's in the fire:<br>
+ It knows the work it does.&mdash;(<i>Goes to the door, and
+ opens it</i>.)<br>
+ The land is free!<br>
+ Yonder's another blaze! Beyond that, shoots<br>
+ Another up!&mdash;Anon will every hill<br>
+ Redden with vengeance! Father, come! Whate'er<br>
+ Betides us, worse we're certain can't befall,<br>
+ And better may! Oh, be it liberty,<br>
+ Safe hearts and homes, husbands and children!
+ Come,&mdash;<br>
+ It spreads apace. (<i>ff</i>.) Blaze on&mdash;<i>blaze
+ on</i>&mdash;BLAZE ON!
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What rule for the rising inflection on
+ <i>father</i>? See Note I., page 32. 2. What rule for the
+ falling inflection on <i>no</i>? See Rule I., page 28.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson92"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XCII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ HON' OR A BLE, noble; illustrious.<br>
+ IN' TEL LECT, mind; understanding.<br>
+ SCORE, account; motive.<br>
+ CLEV' ER, skillful; expert.<br>
+ SO' CIAL, familiar.<br>
+ CON FU' SION, fuss; tumult.<br>
+ CON DE SCEN' SION, loveliness; deference.<br>
+ COM PRE HEN' SION, understanding.
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ [Headnote 1: CROE SUS, a very wealthy king of ancient Lydia,
+ in Asia Minor, was born about 591 before Christ.]
+ </p>
+ <h4>
+ THE RICH MAN AND THE POOR MAN.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ KHEMNITZER.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+1. So goes the world`;&mdash;if wealthy, you may call
+<i>This</i>&mdash;friend, <i>that</i>&mdash;brother`;&mdash;friends and brothers all
+ Though you are worthless, witless,&mdash;never mind it;
+ You may have been a stable-boy,&mdash;what then?
+ 'Tis <i>wealth</i>, my friends, makes <i>honorable</i> men.
+ You seek respect, no doubt, and you will find it.
+2. But, if you are poor', heaven help you`! though your sire
+ Had royal blood in him`, and though you
+ Possess the intellect of angels too.
+ 'Tis all in vain`;&mdash;the world will ne'er inquire
+ On such a score`:&mdash;why should it take the pains?
+ 'Tis easier to weigh purses`, sure, than brains'.
+3. I once saw a poor fellow, keen and clever.
+ Witty and wise`; he paid a man a visit,
+ And no one noticed him', and no one ever
+ Gave him a welcome`. "Strange`," cried I', "whence is it`?"
+ He walked on this side', then on that`,
+ He tried to introduce a social chat`;
+ Now here', now there`, in vain he tried`;
+ Some formally and freezingly replied,
+ And some said by their silence,&mdash;"Better stay at home."
+4. A rich man burst the door,
+ As Croesus[Headnote 1] rich;&mdash;I'm sure
+ He could not pride himself upon his wit`;
+ And, as for wisdom, he had none of it`;
+ He had what's better`,&mdash;he had wealth.
+ What a confusion!&mdash;all stand up erect,&mdash;
+ These crowd around to ask him of his health;
+ These bow in <i>honest</i> duty and respect;
+ And these arrange a sofa or a chair,
+ And these conduct him there.
+ "Allow me, sir, the honor`;"&mdash;Then a bow
+ Down to the earth`.&mdash;<i>Is't</i> possible to show
+ Meet gratitude for such kind condescension`!
+5. The poor man hung his head,
+ And to himself he said,
+ "This is indeed beyond my comprehension:"
+ Then looking round, one friendly face he found,
+ And said,&mdash;"Pray tell me why is wealth preferred
+ "To wisdom?"&mdash;"That's a silly question, friend!"
+ Replied the other,&mdash;"have you never heard.
+ A man may lend his store
+ Of gold or silver ore,
+ But wisdom none can borrow, none can lend?"
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. How do you account for the different
+ inflections in the last line of the second verse? See page
+ 31, Note I. 2. What rule for the falling inflection on
+ <i>condescension</i>? See page 29, Note I.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson93"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XCIII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ EX HI BI' TIONS, displays.<br>
+ CIR CUM SCRIB' ED, encompassed.<br>
+ NA' VIES, ships of war.<br>
+ ARM' A MENTS, forces equipped for war.<br>
+ IM PED' ED, hindered, obstructed.<br>
+ LE VI' A THAN, huge sea-monster.<br>
+ MAG NIF' I CENCE, grandeur.<br>
+ UN A BAT' ED, undiminished.<br>
+ RE SERV' ED, kept.<br>
+ EN TRANC' ED, enraptured.<br>
+ PROM' ON TO RY, headland.<br>
+ RE VEAL'ED, laid open.<br>
+ SYM' BOL, token; sign.<br>
+ AD A MAN TINE, exceedingly hard.<br>
+ AP PER TAIN' ING, belonging.<br>
+ TRANS FORM' ING, changing.
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ [Headnote 1: AC' TI UM is the ancient name of a promontory of
+ Albania, in Turkey in Europe, near which was fought (B.C. 29)
+ the celebrated naval battle that made Augustus Caesar master
+ of the Roman world.]
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ [Headnote 2: SAL' A MIS, an island opposite Attica, in
+ Greece, near which (B.C. 480) occurred the famous naval
+ engagement which resulted in the defeat of the Persians.]
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ [Headnote 3: NAV A RI' NO is a seaport town on the
+ southwestern coast of Greece. It was the scene of the
+ memorable victory of the combined English, French, and
+ Russian fleets over those of the Turks and Egyptians, gained
+ on the 20th of October, 1827.]
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ [Headnote 4: TRA FAL GAR', a cape on the southwestern coast
+ of Spain. It is famous for the great naval battle, fought in
+ its vicinity, Oct. 21st, 1805, between the fleets of the
+ French and Spanish on the one side, and the English, under
+ Lord Nelson, on the other. The English were victorious,
+ though Nelson was mortally wounded.]
+ </p>
+ <h4>
+ GRANDEUR OF THE OCEAN.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ WALTER COLTON.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. The most fearful and impressive exhibitions of power known
+ to our globe, belong to the ocean. The volcano, with its
+ ascending flame and falling torrents of fire, and the
+ earthquake, whose footstep is on the ruin of cities, are
+ circumscribed in the desolating range of their visitations.
+ But the ocean, when it once rouses itself in its chainless
+ strength, shakes a thousand shores with its storm and
+ thunder. Navies of oak and iron are tossed in mockery from
+ its crest, and armaments, manned by the strength and courage
+ of millions, perish among its bubbles.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. The avalanche, shaken from its glittering steep, if it
+ rolls to the bosom of the earth, melts away, and is lost in
+ vapor; but if it plunge into the embrace of the ocean, this
+ mountain mass of ice and hail is borne about for ages in
+ tumult and terror; it is the drifting monument of the ocean's
+ dead. The tempest on land is impeded by forests, and broken
+ by mountains; but on the plain of the deep it rushes
+ unresisted; and when its strength is at last spent, ten
+ thousand giant waves still roll its terrors onward.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. The mountain lake and the meadow stream are inhabited only
+ by the timid prey of the angler; but the ocean is the home of
+ the leviathan,&mdash;his ways are in the mighty deep. The
+ glittering pebble and the rainbow-tinted shell, which the
+ returning tide has left on the shore, and the watery gem
+ which the pearl-diver reaches at the peril of his life, are
+ all that man can filch from the treasures of the sea. The
+ groves of coral which wave over its pavements, and the halls
+ of amber which glow in its depths, are beyond his approaches,
+ save when he goes down there to seek, amid their silent
+ magnificence, his burial monument.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. The islands, the continents, the shores of civilized and
+ savage realms, the capitals of kings, are worn by time,
+ washed away by the wave, consumed by the flame, or sunk by
+ the earthquake; but the ocean still remains, and still rolls
+ on in the greatness of its unabated strength. Over the
+ majesty of its form and the marvel of its might, time and
+ disaster have no power. Such as creation's dawn beheld, it
+ rolleth now.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. The vast clouds of vapor which roll up from its bosom,
+ float away to encircle the globe: on distant mountains and
+ deserts they pour out their watery treasures, which gather
+ themselves again in streams and torrents, to return, with
+ exulting bounds, to their parent ocean. These are the
+ messengers which proclaim in every land the exhaustless
+ resources of the sea; but it is reserved for those who go
+ down in ships, and who do business in the great waters, to
+ see the works of the Lord and His wonders in the deep.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. Let one go upon deck in the middle watch of a still night,
+ with naught above him but the silent and solemn skies, and
+ naught around and beneath him but an interminable waste of
+ waters, and with the conviction that there is but a plank
+ between him and eternity, a feeling of loneliness, solitude,
+ and desertion, mingled with a sentiment of reverence for the
+ vast, mysterious and unknown, will come upon him with a
+ power, all unknown before, and he might stand for hours
+ entranced in reverence and tears.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. Man, also, has made the ocean the theater of <i>his</i>
+ power. The ship in which he rides that element, is one of the
+ highest triumphs of his skill. At first, this floating fabric
+ was only a frail bark, slowly urged by the laboring oar. The
+ sail, at length, arose and spread its wings to the wind.
+ Still he had no power to direct his course when the lofty
+ promontory sunk from sight, or the orbs above him were lost
+ in clouds. But the secret of the magnet is, at length,
+ revealed to him, and his needle now settles, with a fixedness
+ which love has stolen as the symbol of its constancy, to the
+ polar star.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. Now, however, he can dispense even with sail, and wind,
+ and flowing wave. He constructs and propels his vast engines
+ of flame and vapor, and, through the solitude of the sea, as
+ over the solid land, goes thundering on his track. On the
+ ocean, too, thrones have been lost and won. On the fate of
+ Actium[Headnote 1] was suspended the empire of the world. In
+ the gulf of Salamis,[Headnote 2] the pride of Persia found a
+ grave; and the crescent set forever in the waters of
+ Navarino;[Headnote 3] while, at Trafalgar[Headnote 4] and the
+ Nile, nations held their breath,
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ As each gun,
+From its adamantine lips,
+Spread a death-shade round the ships
+Like the hurricane's eclipse
+ Of the sun.
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ 9. But, of all the wonders appertaining to the ocean, the
+ greatest, perhaps, is its transforming power on man. It
+ unravels and weaves anew the web of his moral and social
+ being. It invests him with feelings, associations, and
+ habits, to which he has been an entire stranger. It breaks up
+ the sealed fountain of his nature, and lifts his soul into
+ features prominent as the cliffs which beetle over its surge.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. Once the adopted child of the ocean, he can never bring
+ back his entire sympathies to land. He will still move in his
+ dreams over that vast waste of waters, still bound in
+ exultation and triumph through its foaming billows. All the
+ other realities of life will be comparatively tame, and he
+ will sigh for his tossing element, as the caged eagle for the
+ roar and arrowy light of his mountain cataract.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What is said of the volcano and
+ earthquake? 2. Of the avalanche and tempest? 3. Of the ocean?
+ 4. Of ships? 5. Where have naval battles been fought? 6. What
+ influence has the ocean on man?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson94"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XCIV.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ RE LAX' ED, loosened.<br>
+ AS SI DU' I TIES, kind, constant attentions.<br>
+ CON SIGN' ED, committed; given over.<br>
+ EX TE' RI OR, outer appearance.<br>
+ UN AF FECT' ED, sincere.<br>
+ UN PRE TEND' ING, unostentatious.<br>
+ HA BIL' I MENTS, vestments.<br>
+ SU PER STI' TIOUS, full of scruples.<br>
+ REC' ON CILE, make willing.<br>
+ PEN' E TRATES, sees through.<br>
+ PER VADE', (PER, <i>through</i>; VADE, <i>go</i>, or
+ <i>pass</i>;) pass through; appear throughout.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ A BURIAL AT SEA.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ WALTER COLTON.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. Death is a fearful thing, come in what form it
+ may,&mdash;fearful, when the vital chords are so gradually
+ relaxed, that life passes away sweetly as music from the
+ slumbering harp-string,&mdash;fearful, when in his own quiet
+ chamber, the departing one is summoned by those who sweetly
+ follow him with their prayers, when the assiduities of
+ friendship and affection can go no farther, and who discourse
+ of heaven and future blessedness, till the closing ear can no
+ longer catch the tones of the long-familiar voice, and who,
+ lingering near, still feel for the hushed pulse, and then
+ trace in the placid slumber, which pervades each feature, a
+ quiet emblem of the spirit's serene repose.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. What, then, must this dread event be to one, who meets it
+ comparatively alone, far away from the hearth of his home,
+ upon a troubled sea, between the narrow decks of a restless
+ ship, and at that dread hour of night, when even the
+ sympathies of the world seem suspended! Such has been the end
+ of many who traverse the ocean; and such was the hurried end
+ of him, whose remains we have just consigned to a watery
+ grave.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. He was a sailor; but, beneath his rude exterior, he
+ carried a heart touched with refinement, pride, and
+ greatness. There was something about him, which spoke of
+ better days and a higher destiny. By what errors or
+ misfortunes he was reduced to his humble condition, was a
+ secret which he would reveal to none. Silent, reserved, and
+ thoughtful, he stood a stranger among his free companions,
+ and never was his voice heard in the laughter or the jest. He
+ has undoubtedly left behind many who will long look for his
+ return, and bitterly weep when they are told they shall see
+ his face no more.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. As the remains of the poor sailor were brought up on deck,
+ wound in that hammock which, through many a stormy night, had
+ swung to the wind, one could not but observe the big tear
+ that stole unconsciously down the rough cheeks of his hardy
+ companions. When the funeral service was read to that most
+ affecting passage, "we commit this body to the deep," and the
+ plank was raised which precipitated to the momentary eddy of
+ the wave the quickly disappearing form, a heavy sigh from
+ those around, told that the strong heart of the sailor can be
+ touched with grief, and that a truly unaffected sorrow may
+ accompany virtue, in its most unpretending form, to its ocean
+ grave. Yet how soon is such a scene forgotten!
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+"As from the wing the sky no scar retains,
+ The parted wave no furrow from the keel,
+ So dies in human hearts the thought of death."
+</pre>
+ <p>
+ 5. There is something peculiarly melancholy and impressive in
+ a burial at sea: there is here no coffin or hearse,
+ procession or tolling bell,&mdash;nothing that gradually
+ prepares us for the final separation. The body is wound in
+ the drapery of its couch, much as if the deceased were only
+ in a quiet and temporary sleep. In these habiliments of
+ seeming slumber, it is dropped into the wave, the waters
+ close over it, the vessel passes quickly on, and not a
+ solitary trace is left to tell where sunk from light and
+ life, one that loved to look at the sky and breathe this
+ vital air.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. There is nothing that, for one moment, can point to the
+ deep, unvisited resting-place of the departed,&mdash;it is a
+ grave in the midst of the ocean,&mdash;in the midst of a
+ vast, untrodden solitude. Affection can not approach it, with
+ its tears; the dews of heaven can not reach it; and there is
+ around it no violet, or shrub, or murmuring stream.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. It may be superstitious; but no advantages of wealth, or
+ honor, or power, through life, would reconcile me at its
+ close to such a burial. I would rather share the coarse and
+ scanty provisions of the simplest cabin, and drop away
+ unknown and unhonored by the world, so that my final
+ resting-place be beneath some green tree, by the side of some
+ living stream, or in some familiar spot, where the few that
+ loved me in life, might visit me in death.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. But, whether our grave be in the fragrant shade, or in the
+ fathomless ocean, among our kindred, or in the midst of
+ strangers, the day is coming when we shall all appear at one
+ universal bar, and receive from a righteous Judge the award
+ of our deeds. He that is wisest, penetrates the future the
+ deepest.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What is said of death? 2. What, of death
+ at sea? 3. What renders a burial at sea peculiarly melancholy
+ and impressive?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson95"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XCV.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ MYS TE' RI OUS, secret; mystical.<br>
+ UN RECK' ED, unheeded.<br>
+ AR' GO SIES, ships of great burden.<br>
+ WR ATH' FUL, furious; raging.<br>
+ PAL' A CES, splendid mansions.<br>
+ SCORN' FUL, disdainful.<br>
+ DE CAY', ruin; destruction.<br>
+ BOOM' ING, roaring.<br>
+ FES' TAL, joyous; merry.<br>
+ RE CLAIM', claim again; recover.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ THE TREASURES OF THE DEEP.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ MRS. HERMANS.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+1. What hid'st thou in thy treasure-caves and cells?
+ Thou hollow-sounding and mysterious main!
+ Pale, glistening pearls, and rainbow-colored shells,
+ Bright things which gleam unrecked of, and in vain!
+ Keep, keep thy riches, melancholy sea!
+ We ask not such from thee.
+2. Yet more, the depths have more! what wealth untold,
+ Far down, and shining through their stillness lies!
+ Thou hast the starry gems, the burning gold,
+ Won from ten thousand royal argosies!
+ Sweep o'er thy spoils, thou wild and wrathful main!
+ Earth claims not <i>these</i> again.
+3. Yet more, the depths have more! thy waves have rolled
+ Above the cities of a world gone by!
+ Sand hath filled up the palaces of old,
+ Sea-weed o'ergrown the halls of revelry.
+ Dash o'er them, Ocean! in thy scornful play!
+ Man yields them to decay.
+4. Yet more, the billows and the depths have more!
+ High hearts and brave are gathered to thy breast!
+ They hear not now the booming waters roar;
+ The battle-thunders will not break their rest.
+ Keep thy red gold and gems, thou stormy grave!
+ Give back the true and brave!
+5. Give back the lost and lovely,&mdash;those for whom
+ The place was kept at board and hearth so long,
+ The prayer went up through midnight's breathless gloom,
+ And the vain yearning woke 'midst festal song!
+ Hold fast thy buried isles, thy towers o'erthrown;
+ But all is not thine own.
+6. To thee the love of woman hath gone down;
+ Dark flow thy tides o'er manhood's noble head,
+ O'er youth's bright locks, and beauty's flowery crown,
+ Yet must thou hear a voice,&mdash;<i>Restore the dead!</i>
+ Earth shall reclaim her precious things from thee!
+<i>Restore the dead, thou Sea!</i>
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What are some of the treasures of the
+ deep? 2. What treasures has the sea won from trading vessels?
+ 3. Over what does the sea roll? 4. What does the writer call
+ on the sea to restore?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson96"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XCVI.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ UN FOR' TU NATE, wretched person.<br>
+ CER E MENTS, grave-clothes.<br>
+ SCRU' TI NY, inquiry.<br>
+ MU' TI NY, resistance to rightful rule.<br>
+ WON' DER MENT, curiosity.<br>
+ PROV' I DENCE, care; protection.<br>
+ A MAZE' MENT, astonishment.<br>
+ DIS' SO LUTE, abandoned; licentious.<br>
+ SPUR' RED, pushed on; impelled.<br>
+ CON' TU ME LY, scorn; insult.<br>
+ IN HU MAN' I TY, cruel treatment.<br>
+ IN SAN' I TY, madness.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ THE BRIDGE OF SIGHS.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ THOMAS HOOD.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ 1. One more Unfortunate,
+ Weary of breath,
+ Rashly importunate,
+ Gone to her death!
+ 2. Take her up tenderly,
+ Lift her with care,
+ Fashioned so slenderly,
+ Young, and so fair!
+ 3. Look at her garments
+ Clinging like cerements;
+ While the wave constantly
+ Drips from her clothing;
+ Take her up instantly,
+ Loving, not loathing.
+ 4. Touch her not scornfully;
+ Think of her mournfully,
+ Gently and humanly;
+ Not of the stains of her;
+ All that remains of her
+ Now, is pure womanly.
+ 5. Make no deep scrutiny
+ Into her mutiny,
+ Rash and undutiful;
+ Past all dishonor,
+ Death has left on her
+ Only the beautiful.
+ 6. Loop up her tresses
+ Escaped from the comb,&mdash;
+ Her fair auburn tresses;
+ While wonderment guesses
+ Where was her home?
+ 7. Who was her father`?
+ Who was her mother`?
+ Had she a sister'?
+ Had she a brother'?
+ Or, was there a dearer one
+ Still, and a nearer one
+ Yet, than all other'?
+ 8. Alas! for the rarity
+ Of Christian charity
+ Under the sun!
+ Oh! it was pitiful!
+ Near a whole city full,
+ Home she had none.
+ 9. Sisterly, brotherly,
+ Fatherly, motherly,
+ Feelings had changed:
+ Love, by harsh evidence,
+ Thrown from its eminence;
+ Even God's providence
+ Seeming estranged.
+10. Where the lamps quiver
+ So far in the river,
+ With many a light
+ From window and casement,
+ From garret to basement,
+ She stood with amazement,
+ Houseless by night.
+11. The bleak winds of March
+ Made her tremble and shiver
+ But not the dark arch,
+ Or the black flowing river,
+ Mad from life's history,
+ Glad to death's mystery,
+ Swift to be hurled&mdash;
+ Anywhere, anywhere,
+ Out of the world!
+12. In she plunged boldly,
+ No matter how coldly
+ The rough river ran&mdash;
+ Picture it&mdash;think of it,
+ Dissolute Man!
+13. Take her up tenderly,
+ Lift her with care,
+ Fashioned so slenderly,
+ Young, and so fair!
+14. Perishing gloomily,
+ Spurred by contumely,
+ Cold inhumanity,
+ Burning insanity,
+ Into her rest,
+ Cross her hands humbly,
+ As if praying dumbly,
+ Over her breast!
+15. Owning her weakness,
+ Her evil behavior,
+ And leaving, with meekness,
+ Her sins to her Savior!
+</pre>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson97"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XCVII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ RE' QUI EM, hymn in honor of the dead.<br>
+ WED, joined; united.<br>
+ HENCE' FORTH, hereafter.<br>
+ DROOP, languish; fail.<br>
+ AF FEC TION, love.<br>
+ DIM' MED, dull; obscured.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ A REQUIEM.
+ </h4>
+ <pre>
+1. Breathe low, thou gentle wind,
+(<i>pl</i>) Breathe soft and low;
+ The beautiful lies dead!
+ The joy of life is fled!
+ And my lone heart is wed
+ Henceforth to woe!
+2. That thou should'st droop and die
+ At early morn!
+ While yet thy graceful dew
+ A joyous fragrance drew
+ From every flower that grew
+ Life's path along!
+3. The green earth mourns for thee,
+ Thou dearest one;
+ A plaintive tone is heard,
+ And flower and leaflet stirred,
+ And every fav'rite bird
+ Sings sad and lone.
+4. Pale is thy brow, and dimmed
+ Thy sparkling eye!
+ Affection's sweetest token
+ Is lost fore'er and broken!
+ The last kind word is spoken,&mdash;
+ Why did'st thou die?
+5. Breathe low, thou gentle wind,
+ Breathe soft and low;
+ The beautiful lies dead!
+ The joy of life is fled!
+ And my lone heart is wed
+ Henceforth to woe!
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What rule for changing <i>y</i> into
+ <i>i</i> in the word <i>beautiful?</i> See ANALYSIS, page 13,
+ Rule XI. 2. Why are <i>r</i> and <i>m</i> doubled in the
+ words <i>stirred, dimmed?</i> See Rule IX. 3. What is the
+ meaning of the suffix <i>let</i>, in the word <i>leaflet?</i>
+ See page 240, Ex. 185.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson98"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XCVIII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ LUX U' RI ANT, rich; plentiful.<br>
+ UN OS TEN TA' TIOUS, plain; not showy.<br>
+ RE VER EN' TIAL, deeply respectful.<br>
+ RE CEP' TA CLE, place of reception.<br>
+ SEM' I CIR CLE, half-circle.<br>
+ REC OG NI' TION, act of knowing.<br>
+ AG RI CUL' TUR AL, relating to farming.<br>
+ BEN E DIC' TION, blessing.<br>
+ DI' A RY, note-book; journal.<br>
+ SO JOURN' ED, resided for a while.<br>
+ AC CLA MA' TIONS, shouts.<br>
+ TRI UMPH' AL, relating to victory.<br>
+ GRAT U LA' TION, rejoicing.<br>
+ IN AUG U RA' TION, act of investing with office.<br>
+ EN FRAN' CHIS ED, freed; liberated.
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ [Headnote 1: SAR COPH' A GUS, (SARCO, <i>flesh</i>; and
+ PHAGUS, <i>that which eats or devours</i>,) is made up of two
+ Greek words, signifying together <i>flesh-eating</i>, and was
+ applied by the ancients to a species of stone, used for
+ making coffins. Hence, sarcophagus came to signify a
+ <i>stone-coffin</i>. The form of the plural in Latin, is
+ <i>sarcophagi</i>.]
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ [Headnote 2: BAS' TILE, (<i>bas' teel</i>,) an old state
+ prison in Paris, built in 1369, and destroyed by a mob in
+ 1789.]
+ </p>
+ <h4>
+ VISIT TO MOUNT VERNON.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ A.C. RITCHIE.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. At this moment, we drew near the rude wharf at Mount
+ Vernon; the boat stopped, and the crowd of passengers landed.
+ By a narrow pathway we ascended a majestic hill thickly
+ draped with trees. The sun scarcely found its way through the
+ luxuriant foliage. We mounted slowly, but had only spent a
+ few minutes in ascending, when we came suddenly upon a
+ picturesque nook, where a cluster of unostentatious, white
+ marble shafts, shot from the greenly sodded earth, inclosed
+ by iron railings. Those unpretending monuments mark the
+ localities where repose the mortal remains of Washington's
+ kindred.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. Just beyond stands a square brick building. In the center
+ you see an iron gate. Here the crowd pauses in reverential
+ silence. Men lift their hats and women bow their heads. You
+ behold within, two sarcophagi.[Headnote 1] In those moldering
+ tombs lie the ashes of the great Washington and his wife. Not
+ a word is uttered as the crowd stand gazing on this lowly
+ receptacle of the dust of America's mighty dead.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. Are there any in that group who can say, "this was
+ <i>our</i> country's father'?" If there be, can they stand
+ pilgrims at that grave without Washington's examples, his
+ counsels, his words, heretofore, it may be, half-forgotten,
+ stealing back into their minds, until the sense of reverence
+ and gratitude is deepened almost to awe? Do they not feel
+ that Washington's spirit is abroad in the world, filling the
+ souls of a heaven-favored people with the love of freedom and
+ of country, though his ashes are gathered here'?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. Some one moves to pass on; and, with that first step, the
+ spell is broken; others follow. Herman and Jessie linger
+ last. After a period of mute and moving reflection, they turn
+ away and slowly approach the mansion that, in simple, rural
+ stateliness, stands upon a noble promontory, belted with
+ woods, and half-girdled by the sparkling waters of the
+ Potomac, which flow in a semicircle around a portion of the
+ mount.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. The water and woodland view from the portico is highly
+ imposing. But it was not the mere recognition of the
+ picturesque and beautiful in nature, that moved Herman and
+ Jessie. They would have felt that they were on holy ground,
+ had the landscape been devoid of natural charm. Here the feet
+ of the first of heroes had trod, and here, in boyhood, he had
+ sported with his beloved brother Lawrence.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. In those forests, those deep-wooded glens, he had hunted,
+ when a stripling, by the side of old Lord Fairfax; here he
+ took his first lessons in the art of war; to this home he
+ brought his bride; by this old-fashioned, hospitable-looking
+ fireside, he sat with that dear and faithful wife; beneath
+ yonder alley of lofty trees he has often wandered by her
+ side; here he indulged the agricultural tastes in which he
+ delighted; here resigned his Cincinnatus vocation, and bade
+ adieu to his cherished home at the summons of his country.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. Here his wife received the letter which told her that he
+ had been appointed Commander-in-chief of the army; here, when
+ the glorious struggle closed at the trumpet notes of
+ victory&mdash;when the British had retired&mdash;when, with
+ tears coursing down his benignant, manly countenance, he had
+ uttered a touching farewell&mdash;bestowed a paternal
+ benediction on the American army, and resigned all public
+ service&mdash; <i>here</i> he returned, thinking to resume
+ the rural pursuits that charmed him, and to end his days in
+ peace!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. Here are the trees, the shrubbery he planted with his own
+ hands, and noted in his diary; here are the columns of the
+ portico round which he twined the coral honeysuckle; the ivy
+ he transplanted still clings to yonder garden wall; these
+ vistas he opened through yon pine groves to command far-off
+ views! Here the valiant Lafayette sojourned with him; there
+ hangs the key of the Bastile[Headnote 2] which he presented.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. Here flocked the illustrious men of all climes, and were
+ received with warm, unpretending, almost rustic hospitality.
+ Here the French Houdon modeled his statue, and the English
+ Pine painted his portrait, and caused that jocose remark, "I
+ am so hackneyed to the touches of the painters' pencil, that
+ I am altogether at their beck, and sit like 'Patience on a
+ monument!'"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. Then came another summons from the land he had saved, and
+ he was chosen by unanimous voice its chief ruler. Thousands
+ of men, women, and children, sent up acclamations, and called
+ down blessings on his head, as he made his triumphal progress
+ from Mount Vernon to New York, to take the presidential oath.
+ The roar of cannon rent the air. The streets through which he
+ passed, were illuminated and decked with flags and wreaths.
+ Bonfires blazed on the hills. From ships and boats floated
+ festive decorations. At Gray's Ferry, he passed under
+ triumphal arches.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11. On the bridge across the Assumpink, at Trenton, (the very
+ bridge over which he had retreated in such blank despair,
+ before the army of Cornwallis, on the eve of the battle of
+ Princeton,) thirteen pillars, twined with laurel and
+ evergreens, were reared by woman's hands. The foremost of the
+ arches those columns supported, bore the inscription, <i>"The
+ Defender of the Mothers will he the Protector of the
+ Daughters."</i> Mothers, with their white-robed daughters,
+ were assembled beneath the vernal arcade. Thirteen maidens
+ scattered flowers beneath his feet, as they sang an ode of
+ gratulation. The people's hero ever after spoke of this
+ tribute, as the one that touched him most deeply.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 13. When his first presidential term expired, and his heart
+ yearned for the peace of his domestic hearth, the entreaties
+ of Jefferson, Randolph, and Hamilton, forced him to forget
+ that home for the one he held in the hearts of patriots, and
+ to allow his name to be used a second time. A second time he
+ was unanimously elected to preside over his country's
+ welfare. But, the period happily expired, he thankfully laid
+ aside the mantle of state, the scepter of power, and, five
+ days after the inauguration of Adams, returned here to his
+ Mount Vernon home. And here the good servant, whom his Lord,
+ when He came, found watching and ready, calmly yielded up his
+ breath, exclaiming, "It is well!" and his spirit was wafted
+ to Heaven by the blessings of his enfranchised countrymen.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. Where is Mount Vernon? 2. What is said of
+ Washington's tomb? 3. Mention some of the things which he did
+ here? 4. What demonstrations were made by the people, as he
+ went to New York to take the oath of office? 5. Did he serve
+ more than one term as President?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson99"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON XCIX.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ CHIV' AL ROUS, gallant; heroic.<br>
+ HAL' LOW, consecrate; keep sacred.<br>
+ MER' CE NA RY, mean; venal.<br>
+ AD VEN' TUR ER, fortune-seeker.<br>
+ VAN' QUISH ED, conquered.<br>
+ OUT' CAST, exile; castaway.<br>
+ TRAP' PINGS, ornaments; equipments.<br>
+ CRU SADE', battle zealously.<br>
+ CA REER' ED, moved rapidly.<br>
+ PHAL' ANX, compact body of men.<br>
+ TRANS PORT' ING, exulting.<br>
+ TRO PHIES, memorials of victory.<br>
+ PA' GEANT, pompous; showy.<br>
+ MIN' ION, favorite.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ LA FAYETTE.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ CHARLES SPRAGUE.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. While we bring our offerings for the mighty of our
+ <i>own</i> land, shall we not remember the chivalrous spirits
+ of <i>other</i> shores, who shared with them the hour of
+ weakness and woe'? Pile to the clouds the majestic column of
+ glory`; let the lips of those who can speak well, hallow each
+ spot where the bones of your bold repose`; but forget not
+ those who, with your bold, went out to battle.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. Among those men of noble daring, there was <i>one</i>, a
+ young and gallant stranger, who left the blushing vine-hills
+ of his delightful France. The people whom he came to succor,
+ were not <i>his</i> people; he knew them only in the
+ melancholy story of their wrongs. He was no mercenary
+ adventurer, striving for the spoil of the vanquished; the
+ palace acknowledged him for its lord, and the valley yielded
+ him its increase. He was no nameless man, staking life for
+ reputation; he ranked among nobles, and looked unawed upon
+ kings.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. He was no friendless outcast, seeking for a grave to hide
+ a broken heart; he was girdled by the companions of his
+ childhood; his kinsmen were about him; his wife was before
+ him. Yet from all these loved ones he turned away. Like a
+ lofty tree that shakes down its green glories, to battle with
+ the winter storm, he flung aside the trappings of place and
+ pride, to crusade for Freedom, in Freedom's holy land. He
+ came`; but not in the day of successful rebellion', not when
+ the new-risen sun of Independence had burst the cloud of
+ time, and careered to its place in the heavens'.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. He came when darkness curtained the hills, and the tempest
+ was abroad in its anger`; when the plow stood still in the
+ field of promise, and briers cumbered the garden of beauty`;
+ when fathers were dying, and mothers were weeping over them`;
+ when the wife was binding up the gashed bosom of her husband,
+ and the maiden was wiping the death-damp from the brow of her
+ lover`. He came when the brave began to fear the power of
+ man, and the pious to doubt the favor of God. It was
+ <i>then</i> that this one joined the ranks of a revolted
+ people.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. Freedom's little phalanx bade him a grateful welcome. With
+ them he courted the battle's rage; with theirs, his arm was
+ lifted; with theirs, his blood was shed. Long and doubtful
+ was the conflict. At length, kind Heaven smiled on the good
+ cause, and the beaten invaders fled. The profane were driven
+ from the temple of Liberty, and, at her pure shrine, the
+ pilgrim-warrior, with his adored commander, knelt and
+ worshiped. Leaving there his offering, the incense of an
+ uncorrupted spirit, he at length rose, and, crowned with
+ benedictions, turned his happy feet toward his long-deserted
+ home.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. After nearly fifty years, that <i>one</i> has come again.
+ Can mortal tongue tell? can mortal heart feel, the sublimity
+ of that coming? Exulting millions rejoice in it; and their
+ loud, long, transporting shout, like the mingling of many
+ winds, rolls on, undying, to Freedom's farthest mountains. A
+ congregated nation comes around him. Old men bless him, and
+ children reverence him. The lovely come out to look upon him;
+ the learned deck their halls to greet him; the rulers of the
+ land rise up to do him homage.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. How his full heart labors! He views the rusting trophies
+ of departed days; he treads the high places where his
+ brethren molder; he bends before the tomb of his "father;"
+ [Footnote: Washington] his words are tears,&mdash;the speech
+ of sad remembrance. But he looks round upon a ransomed land
+ and a joyous race; he beholds the blessings these trophies
+ secured, for which these brethren died, for which that
+ "father" lived; and again his words are tears,&mdash;the
+ eloquence of gratitude and joy.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. Spread forth creation like a map; bid earth's dead
+ multitudes revive; and of all the pageant splendors that ever
+ glittered to the sun, when looked his burning eye on a sight
+ like this? Of all the myriads that have come and gone, what
+ cherished minion ever ruled an hour like this? Many have
+ struck the redeeming blow for their own freedom; but who,
+ like this man, has bared his bosom in the cause of strangers?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. Others have lived in the love of their own people; but
+ who, like this man, has drank his sweetest cup of welcome
+ with another? Matchless chief! of glory's immortal tablets
+ there is one for him, for <i>him</i> alone! Oblivion shall
+ never shroud its splendor; the everlasting flame of Liberty
+ shall guard it, that the generations of men may repeat the
+ name recorded there, the beloved name of LA FAYETTE.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. Of what country was La Fayette a native?
+ 2. What was his position at home? 3. In what condition was
+ this country when he came to join our army? 4. How many years
+ after, before he revisited this country? 5. What
+ demonstrations were manifested by the people? 6. What is said
+ of his fame?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson100"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON C.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ PRO FU' SION, abundance; variety.<br>
+ CON FU' SION, intricacy; indistinct movement.<br>
+ COM MO TION, agitation; shaking.<br>
+ RE SULT', effect.<br>
+ DI MIN' ISH, lessen.<br>
+ MYS' TER Y, maze; secrecy.<br>
+ HIS' TO RY, plain matter of fact.<br>
+ PA' GES, boy-servants; attendants.<br>
+ SPAR' RING, boxing; disputing.<br>
+ PUP' PETS, dolls; small figures of persons.<br>
+ FIN ISH, completion.<br>
+ GLO' RI OUS, grand; splendid.<br>
+ RE JECT, refuse; deny.<br>
+ RE FLECT' ED, turned back; borrowed.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ THE MYSTIC WEAVER.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ REV. DR. HARBAUGH.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ 1. Weaver at his loom is sitting,
+ Throws his shuttle to and fro;
+ Foot and treadle,
+ Hand and pedal,
+ Upward, downward,
+ Hither, thither,
+ How the weaver makes them go!
+ As the weaver <i>wills</i> they go.
+ Up and down the web is plying,
+ And across the woof is flying;
+ What a rattling!
+ What a battling!
+ What a shuffling!
+ What a scuffling!
+ As the weaver makes his shuttle,
+ Hither, thither, scud and scuttle.
+ 2. Threads in single,
+ Threads in double;
+ How they mingle!
+ What a trouble,
+ Every color!
+ What profusion!
+ Every motion&mdash;
+ What confusion!
+ While the web and woof are mingling,
+ Signal bells above are jingling,
+ Telling how each figure ranges,
+ Telling when the color changes,
+ As the weaver makes his shuttle,
+ Hither, thither, scud and scuttle.
+ 3. Weaver at his loom is sitting,
+ Throws his shuttle to and fro;
+ 'Mid the noise and wild confusion,
+ Well the weaver seems to know,
+ As he makes his shuttle go,
+ What each motion,
+ And commotion,
+ What each fusion,
+ And confusion,
+ In the <i>grand result</i> will show:
+ Weaving daily,
+ Singing gayly,
+ As he makes his busy shuttle,
+ Hither, thither, scud and scuttle.
+ 4. Weaver at his loom is sitting,
+ Throws his shuttle to and fro;
+ See you not how shape and order
+ From the wild confusion grow,
+ As he makes his shuttle go'?
+ As the web and woof diminish,
+ Grows beyond the beauteous finish:
+ Tufted plaidings,
+ Shapes and shadings,
+ All the mystery
+ Now is history:
+ And we see the reason subtle,
+ Why the weaver makes his shuttle,
+ Hither, thither, scud and scuttle.
+ 5. See the Mystic Weaver sitting,
+ High in Heaven&mdash;His loom below.
+ Up and down the treadles go:
+ Takes for web the world's long ages,
+ Takes for woof its kings and sages,
+ Takes the nobles and their pages,
+ Takes all stations and all stages.
+ Thrones are bobbins in His shuttle;
+ Armies make them scud and scuttle.
+ 6. Web into the woof must flow,
+ Up and down the nations go,
+ As the Weaver <i>wills</i> they go.
+ Men are sparring,
+ Powers are jarring,
+ Upward, downward,
+ Hither, thither,
+ See how strange the nations go,
+ Just like puppets in a show.
+ Up and down the web is plying
+ And across the woof is flying.
+ What a rattling!
+ What a battling!
+ What a shuffling!
+ What a scuffling!
+ As the Weaver makes His shuttle
+ Hither, thither, scud and scuttle.
+ 7. Calmly see the Mystic Weaver,
+ Throw His shuttle to and fro;
+ 'Mid the noise and wild confusion,
+ Well the Weaver seems to know
+ What each motion
+ And commotion,
+ What each fusion
+ And confusion,
+ In the grand result will show,
+ As the nations,
+ Kings and stations,
+ Upward, downward,
+ Hither, thither,
+ As in mystic dances, go.
+ 8. In the Present all is mystery,
+ In the Past 'tis beauteous History.
+ O'er the mixing and the mingling,
+ How the signal bells are jingling!
+ See you not the Weaver leaving
+ Finished work behind in weaving'?
+ See you not the reason subtle,
+ As the web and woof diminish,
+ Changing into beauteous finish,
+ Why the Weaver makes His shuttle,
+ Hither, thither, scud and scuttle'?
+ 9. <i>Glorious wonder</i>! What a weaving!
+ To the dull beyond believing!
+ Such no fabled ages know.
+ Only Faith can see the mystery
+ How, along the aisle of History
+ Where the feet of sages go,
+ Loveliest to the purest eyes,
+ Grand the mystic tapet lies!
+ Soft and smooth and even-spreading
+ As if made for angels' treading;
+ Tufted circles touching ever,
+ Inwrought figures fading never;
+ Every figure has its plaidings,
+ Brighter form and softer shadings;
+ Each illuminated,&mdash;what a riddle!&mdash;
+ From a Cross that gems the middle.
+10. 'Tis a saying&mdash;some reject it,&mdash;
+ That its light is all reflected:
+ That the tapet's hues are given
+ By a Sun that shines in Heaven!
+ 'Tis believed, by all believing
+ That great God Himself is weaving!
+ Bringing out the world's dark mystery
+ In the light of Faith and History;
+ And, as web and woof diminish,
+ Comes the grand and glorious finish:
+ When begin the golden ages,
+ Long foretold by seers and sages.
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. Describe the process of weaving. 2. Who
+ are weaving the web of history?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson101"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CI.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ CON FOUND', perplex; confuse.<br>
+ WOOF, cloth; texture.<br>
+ RAR' ER, scarcer; more excellent.<br>
+ PRAI' RIES, large tracts of land, with few trees, and
+ covered with grass.<br>
+ SAV' AGE, wild; uncultivated.<br>
+ SAVAN'NA, open meadow or plain.<br>
+ PI O NEERS', persons that go before to prepare the way for
+ others.<br>
+ SCOUTS, spies.<br>
+ HEART' EN, encourage.<br>
+ SCAN' NED, closely examined.<br>
+ CLEAV' ING, parting; separating.<br>
+ HOL' I DAY, day of rest or joy.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ WORK AWAY.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ HARPERS' MAGAZINE.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+1. Work away!
+ For the Master's eye is on us,
+ Never off us, still upon us,
+ Night and day!
+ Work away!
+ Keep the busy fingers plying,
+ Keep the ceaseless shuttles flying,
+ See that never thread lie wrong;
+ Let not clash or clatter round us,
+ Sound of whirring wheels, confound us;
+ Steady hand! let woof be strong
+ And firm, that has to last so long?
+ Work away!
+2. Keep upon the anvil ringing
+ Stroke of hammer; on the gloom
+ Set 'twixt cradle and the tomb,
+ Showers of fiery sparkles flinging;
+ Keep the mighty furnace glowing;
+ Keep the red ore hissing, flowing
+ Swift within the ready mold;
+ See that each one than the old
+ Still be fitter, still be fairer
+ For the servant's use, and rarer
+ For the Master to behold:
+ Work away!
+3. Work away!
+ For the Leader's eye is on us,
+ Never off us, still upon us,
+ Night and day!
+ Wide the trackless prairies round us,
+ Dark and unsunned woods surround us,
+ Steep and savage mountains bound us;
+ Far away
+ Smile the soft savannas green,
+ Rivers sweep and roll between:
+ Work away!
+4. Bring your axes, woodmen true;
+ Smite the forest till the blue
+ Of heaven's sunny eye looks through
+ Every wild and tangled glade;
+ Jungled swamp and thicket shade
+ Give to day!
+5. O'er the torrents fling your bridges,
+ Pioneers! Upon the ridges
+ Widen, smooth the rocky stair,&mdash;
+ They that follow far behind
+ Coming after us, will find
+ Surer, easier footing there;
+ Heart to heart, and hand with hand,
+ From the dawn to dusk of day,
+ Work away!
+ Scouts upon the mountain's peak,&mdash;
+ Ye that see the Promised Land,
+ Hearten us! for ye can speak
+ Of the Country ye have scanned,
+ Far away!
+6. Work away!
+ For the Father's eye is on us,
+ Never off us, still upon us,
+ Night and day!
+ WORK AND PRAY!
+ Pray! and Work will be completer;
+ Work! and Prayer will be the sweeter;
+ Love! and Prayer and Work the fleeter
+ Will ascend upon their way!
+7. Fear not lest the busy finger
+ Weave a net the soul to stay;
+ Give her wings,&mdash;she will not linger,
+ Soaring to the source of day;
+ Clearing clouds that still divide us
+ From the azure depths of rest,
+ She will come again! beside us,
+ With the sunshine on her breast,
+ Sit, and sing to us, while quickest
+ On their task the fingers move,
+ While the outward din wars thickest,
+ Songs that she hath learned above.
+8. Live in Future as in Present;
+ Work for both while yet the day
+ Is our own! for lord and peasant,
+ Long and bright as summer's day,
+ Cometh, yet more sure, more pleasant,
+ Cometh soon our Holiday;
+ Work away!
+</pre>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson102"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ PROP O SI' TION, proposal.<br>
+ AD HE' SION, attraction.<br>
+ AB SURD I TY, folly; nonsense.<br>
+ VIS' ION ARY, fanciful; imaginary.<br>
+ DIS CUS' SION, debate; controversy.<br>
+ THE' O RY, idea; scheme of doctrine.<br>
+ AM BAS' SA DOR, messenger; deputy.<br>
+ NAV' I GA TORS, voyagers; seamen.<br>
+ SPEC U LA' TION, theory; mental view.<br>
+ EN' TER PRISE, attempt; undertaking.<br>
+ FRI VOL' I TY, levity; triflingness.<br>
+ PRE SENT' I MENT, previous notice.<br>
+ &nbsp;<br>
+ AN TIP' O DES, (ANTI, <i>opposite</i>; PODES, <i>the
+ feet</i>;) having their feet opposite to ours; that is,
+ living on the other side of the earth.
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ [Headnote 1: GEN O ESE', a native of Genoa,&mdash;a famous
+ fortified seaport city in Northern Italy.]
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ [Headnote 2: LAC TAN' TIUS, one of the fathers of the Latin
+ church, born about the year A.D. 250. He was celebrated as a
+ teacher of eloquence, and before his conversion to
+ Christianity, had so successfully studied the great Roman
+ orator that he afterwards received the appellation of the
+ "Christian Cicero."]
+ </p>
+ <h4>
+ QUEEN ISABELLA'S RESOLVE.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ FROM VINET.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ QUEEN ISABELLA OF SPAIN, DON GOMEZ, AND COLUMBUS.
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ <i>Isabella.</i> And so, Don Gomez, it is your conclusion
+ that we ought to dismiss the proposition of this worthy
+ Genoese.[Headnote 1]
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Don Gomez.</i> His scheme, your majesty, seems to me
+ fanciful in the extreme; but I am a plain matter-of-fact man,
+ and do not see visions and dreams, like some.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Isa.</i> And yet Columbus has given us cogent reasons for
+ believing that it is practicable to reach the eastern coast
+ of India by sailing in a westerly direction.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Don G.</i> Admitting that his theory is correct, namely,
+ that the earth is a sphere, how would it be possible for him
+ to return, if he once descended that sphere in the direction
+ he proposes`? Would not the coming back be all up-hill'?
+ Could a ship accomplish it with even the most favorable
+ wind'?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Columbus.</i> Will your majesty allow me to suggest that,
+ if the earth is a sphere, the same laws of adhesion and
+ motion must operate at every point on its surface; and the
+ objection of Don Gomez would be quite as valid against our
+ being able to return from crossing the Strait of Gibraltar.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Don G.</i> This gentleman, then, would have us believe the
+ monstrous absurdity, that there are people on the earth who
+ are our antipodes,&mdash;who walk with their heads down, like
+ flies on the ceiling.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Col.</i> But, your majesty, if there is a law of
+ attraction which makes matter gravitate to the earth, and
+ prevents its flying off into space, may not this law operate
+ at every point on the round earth's surface'?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Isa.</i> Truly, it so seems to me; and I perceive nothing
+ absurd in the notion that this earth is a globe floating or
+ revolving in space.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Don G.</i> May it please your majesty, the ladies are
+ privileged to give credence to many wild tales which we plain
+ matter-of-fact men can not admit. Every step I take, confutes
+ this visionary idea of the earth's rotundity. Would not the
+ blood run into my head, if I were standing upside down! Were
+ I not fearful of offending your majesty, I would quote what
+ the great Lactantius[Headnote 2] says.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Isa</i>. We are not vain of our science, Don Gomez; so let
+ us have the quotation.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Don G</i>. "Is there any one so foolish," he asks, "as to
+ believe that there are antipodes with their feet opposite to
+ ours,&mdash;that there is a part of the world in which all
+ things are topsy-turvy, where the trees grow with their
+ branches downward, and where it rains, hails, and snows,
+ upward'?"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Col</i>. I have already answered this objection. If there
+ are people on the earth who are our antipodes, it should be
+ remembered that we are theirs also.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Don G</i>. Really, that is the very point wherein we
+ matter-of-fact men abide by the assurance of our own senses.
+ We know that we are not walking with our heads downward.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Isa</i>. To cut short the discussion, you think that the
+ enterprise which the Genoese proposes, is one unworthy of our
+ serious consideration; and that his theory of an unknown
+ shore to the westward of us is a fallacy.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Don G</i>. As a plain matter-of-fact man, I must confess
+ that I so regard it. Has your majesty ever seen an ambassador
+ from this unknown coast?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Isa</i>. Don Gomez, do you believe in the existence of a
+ world of spirits? Have you ever seen an ambassador from that
+ unknown world?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Don G</i>. Certainly not. By faith we look forward to it.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Isa</i>. Even so by faith does the Genoese look forward,
+ far over misty ocean, to an undiscovered shore.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Col.</i> Your majesty is right; but let it be added that I
+ have reasons, oh! most potent and resistless reasons, for the
+ faith that is in me: the testimony of many navigators who
+ have picked up articles that must have drifted from this
+ distant coast: the nature of things, admitting that the earth
+ is round: the reports current among the people of one of the
+ northern nations, that many years ago their mariners had
+ sailed many leagues westward till they reached a shore where
+ the grape grew abundantly; these and other considerations
+ have made it the fixed persuasion of my mind, that there is a
+ great discovery reserved for the man who will sail patiently
+ westward, trusting in God's good providence, and turning not
+ back till he has achieved his purpose.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Don G.</i> Then truly we should never hear of him again.
+ Speculation! mere speculation, your majesty! When this
+ gentleman can bring forward some solid facts that will induce
+ us plain matter-of-fact men to risk money in forwarding his
+ enterprise, it will then be time enough for royalty to give
+ it heed. Why, your majesty, the very boys in the streets
+ point at their foreheads as he passes along.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Isa.</i> And so you bring forward the frivolity of boys
+ jeering at what they do not comprehend, as an argument why
+ Isabella should not give heed to this great and glorious
+ scheme? Ay, sir, though it should fail, still, it has been
+ urged in language so intelligent and convincing, by this
+ grave and earnest man, whom you think to undervalue by
+ calling him an adventurer, that I am resolved to test the
+ "absurdity," as you style it, and that forthwith.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Don G.</i> Your majesty will excuse me if I remark, that I
+ have from your royal consort himself the assurance that the
+ finances are so exhausted by the late wars, that he can not
+ consent to advance the necessary funds for fitting out an
+ expedition of the kind proposed.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Isa.</i> Be <i>mine</i>, then, the privilege! I have
+ jewels, by the pledging of which I can raise the amount
+ required; and I have resolved that they shall be pledged to
+ this enterprise, without any more delay.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Col.</i> Your majesty shall not repent your heroic
+ resolve. I will return, your majesty; be sure I will return,
+ and lay at your feet such a jewel as never queen wore yet, an
+ imperishable fame,&mdash;a fame that shall couple with your
+ memory the benedictions of millions yet unborn, in climes yet
+ unknown to civilized man. There is an uplifting presentiment
+ in my mind, a conviction that your majesty will live to bless
+ the hour you came to this decision.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Don G.</i> A presentiment? A plain matter-of-fact man,
+ like myself, must take leave of your majesty, if his
+ practical common-sense is to be met and superseded by
+ presentiments! An ounce of fact, your majesty, is worth a ton
+ of presentiment.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Isa.</i> That depends altogether upon the source of the
+ presentiment, Don Gomez. If it come from the Fountain of all
+ truth, shall it not be good?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Don G.</i> I humbly take my leave of your majesty.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What reasons did Don Gomez advance in
+ proof that the earth is not a sphere? 2. What argument did
+ Columbus present in proof that it was? 3. What did Queen
+ Isabella resolve to do?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson103"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CIII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ CON FIRM' ING, corroborating.<br>
+ AS SUR AN CES, assertions.<br>
+ MU TI NEER', one who resists orders.<br>
+ IN FER' RED, concluded.<br>
+ CRAV' ED, begged.<br>
+ AS SO' CIA TING, joining; connecting.<br>
+ EX PEC TA' TION, hope; a looking for.<br>
+ VER' I FIED, made true; realized.<br>
+ PHOS PHO RES' CENCE, faint light.<br>
+ HES I TA' TION, doubt.<br>
+ EN JOIN' ING, commanding; ordering.<br>
+ AM PHI THE' A TER, circular theater.<br>
+ CON TR AST' ED, set in opposition.<br>
+ DE MEAN' OR, behavior.<br>
+ DE FAULT', defect; absence.<br>
+ IN SIG' NIA, marks; signs.<br>
+ IN I' TIALS, first letters.<br>
+ DEV AS TA TION, a laying waste.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ DISCOVERY OF THE NEW WORLD.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ LAMARTINE.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. At sunrise, on the second day, some rashes recently torn
+ up, were seen near the vessels. A plank, evidently hewn by an
+ ax, a stick skillfully carved by some cutting instrument, a
+ bough of hawthorn in blossom,&mdash;and lastly, a bird's nest
+ built on a branch which the wind had broken, and full of
+ eggs, on which the parent bird was sitting amid the
+ gently-rolling waves,&mdash;were seen floating past on the
+ waters. The sailors brought on board these living and
+ inanimate witnesses of their approach to land. They were a
+ voice from the shore, confirming the assurances of Columbus.
+ Before the land actually appeared in sight, its neighborhood
+ was inferred from these marks of life.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. The mutineers fell on their knees before the Admiral, whom
+ they had insulted but the day before, craved pardon for their
+ mistrust, and struck up a hymn of thanksgiving to God for
+ associating them with this triumph. Night fell on these songs
+ welcoming a new world. The Admiral gave orders that the sails
+ should be close-reefed, and the lead kept going; and that
+ they should sail slowly, being afraid of breakers and shoals,
+ and feeling certain that the first gleam of daybreak would
+ discover land under their bows.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. On the last anxious night none slept. Impatient
+ expectation had removed all heaviness from their eyes; the
+ pilots and the seamen, clinging about the masts, yards, and
+ shrouds, each tried to keep the best place and the closest
+ watch to get the earliest sight of the new hemisphere. The
+ Admiral had offered a reward to the first who should cry
+ <i>Land</i>, provided his announcement was verified by its
+ actual discovery.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. Providence, however, reserved to Columbus himself this
+ first glimpse, which he had purchased at the expense of
+ twenty years of his life, and of untiring perseverance. While
+ walking the quarter-deck alone, at midnight, and sweeping the
+ dark horizon with his keen eye, a gleam of fire passed and
+ disappeared, and again showed itself on the level of the
+ waves. Fearful of being deceived by the phosphorescence of
+ the sea, he quietly called a Spanish gentleman of Isabella's
+ court, in whom he had more confidence than in the pilots,
+ pointed out the direction in which he had seen the light, and
+ asked him whether he could discern any thing there.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. He replied that he did, indeed, see a flickering light in
+ that quarter. To make the fact still more sure, Columbus
+ called another in whom he had confidence to look in the same
+ direction. He said he had no hesitation in pronouncing that
+ there was a light on the horizon. But the blaze was hardly
+ seen before it again disappeared in the ocean, to show itself
+ anew the next moment. Whether it was the light of a fire on a
+ low shore, alternately appearing and disappearing beyond the
+ broken horizon, or whether it was the floating beacon of a
+ fisherman's boat now rising on the waves, and now sinking in
+ the trough of the sea, they could not determine.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. Thus both land and safety appeared together in the shape
+ of fire to Columbus and his two friends, on the night between
+ the 11th and 12th of October, 1492. The Admiral, enjoining
+ silence, kept his observation to himself, for fear of again
+ raising false hopes, and giving a bitter disappointment to
+ his ships' companies. He lost sight of the light, and
+ remained on deck until two in the morning,&mdash;praying,
+ hoping, and despairing alone, awaiting the <i>triumph or the
+ return</i> on which the morrow was to decide.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. He was seized with that anguish which precedes the great
+ discoveries of truth, when, suddenly, a cannon-shot, sounding
+ over the sea, a few hundred yards in advance of him, burst
+ upon his ear the announcement of a <i>new-born world</i>,
+ which made him tremble, and fall upon his knees. It was the
+ signal of land in sight! made by firing a shot, as had been
+ arranged with the <i>Pinta</i>, which was sailing in advance
+ of the squadron, to guide their course and take soundings.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. At this signal a general shout of <i>"Land ho!"</i> arose
+ from all the yards and riggings of the ships. The sails were
+ furled, and daybreak was anxiously awaited. The mystery of
+ the ocean had breathed its first whisper in the bosom of
+ night. Daybreak would clear it up openly to every eye.
+ Delicious and unknown perfumes reached the vessels from the
+ outline of the shore, with the roar of the waves upon the
+ reefs and the soft land breeze.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. The fire seen by Columbus indicated the presence of man,
+ and of the first element of civilization. Never did the night
+ appear so long in clearing away from the horizon; for this
+ horizon was to Columbus and his companions a second creation
+ of God. The dawn, as it spread over the sky, gradually raised
+ the shores of an island from the waves. Its distant
+ extremities were lost in the morning mist. It ascended
+ gradually, like an amphitheater, from the low beach to the
+ summit of the hills, whose dark-green covering contrasted
+ strongly with the blue heavens.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. Within a few paces from where the foam of the waves
+ breaks on the yellow sand, forests of tall and unknown trees
+ stretched away, one above another, over the successive
+ terraces of the island. Green valleys and bright clefts in
+ the hollows, afforded a half glimpse into these mysterious
+ wilds. Here and there could be discovered a few scattered
+ huts, which, with their outlines and roofs of dry leaves,
+ looked like bee-hives, and thin columns of blue smoke rose
+ above the tops of the trees. Half-naked groups of men, women,
+ and children, more astonished than frightened, appeared among
+ the thickets near the shore, advancing timidly, and then
+ drawing back, exhibiting, by their gestures and demeanor, as
+ much fear as curiosity and wonder, at the sight of these
+ strange vessels, which the previous night had brought to
+ their shores.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11. Columbus, after gazing in silence on this foremost shore
+ of the land so often determined by his calculations, and so
+ magnificently colored by his imagination, found it to exceed
+ even his own expectations. He burned with impatience to be
+ the first European to set foot on the sand, and to plant the
+ flag of Spain,&mdash;the standard of the conquest of God and
+ of his sovereigns, effected by his genius. But he restrained
+ the eagerness of himself and of his crew to land, being
+ desirous of giving to the act of taking possession of a new
+ world, a <i>solemnity</i> worthy of the greatest deed,
+ perhaps, ever accomplished by a seaman; and, in default of
+ men, to call God and His angels, sea, earth, and sky, as
+ witnesses of his conquest of an unknown hemisphere.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 12. He put on all the insignia of his dignities as Admiral of
+ the Ocean, and the Viceroy of these future realms; he wrapped
+ himself in his purple cloak, and taking in his hand an
+ embroidered flag, in which the initials of Ferdinand and
+ Isabella were interlaced, like their two kingdoms, and,
+ surmounted by a crown, he entered his boat, and pulled toward
+ the shore, followed by the boats of his two lieutenants.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 13. On landing, he fell on his knees, to acknowledge, by this
+ act of humility and worship, the goodness and greatness of
+ God in this new sphere of His works. He kissed the ground,
+ and, with his face on the earth, he wept tears of double
+ import, as they fell on the dust of this hemisphere, now, for
+ the first time, visited by Europeans,&mdash;tears of joy for
+ the overflowing of a proud spirit, grateful and
+ pious,&mdash;tears of sadness for this virgin soil, seeming
+ to foreshadow the calamities, and devastation, with fire and
+ sword, and blood and destruction, which the strangers were to
+ bring with their pride, their knowledge, and their power.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 14. It was the <i>man</i> that shed these tears; but it was
+ the <i>earth</i> that was destined to weep. As Columbus
+ raised his forehead from the dust, with a Latin prayer, which
+ his companions have handed down to us, he thus addressed the
+ Sovereign Ruler of the world: (<i>sl</i>.) "Almighty and
+ eternal God, who, by the energy of thy creative word, hast
+ made the firmament, the earth, and sea, blessed and glorified
+ be Thy name in all places! May Thy majesty and dominion be
+ exalted forever and ever, as Thou hast permitted Thy holy
+ name to be made known and spread by the most humble of Thy
+ servants, in this hitherto unknown portion of Thy empire."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 15. He then gave to this land the name of San Salvador. His
+ lieutenants, his pilots, and his seamen, full of gladness,
+ and impressed with a superstitious respect for him whose
+ glance had pierced beyond the visible horizon, and whom they
+ had offended by their unbelief,&mdash;overcome by the
+ evidence of their eyes, and by that mental superiority which
+ overawes the minds of men,&mdash;fell at the feet of the
+ Admiral, kissed his hands and his clothes, and recognized,
+ for a moment, the power and the almost divine nature of
+ genius; <i>yesterday</i> the victims of his
+ obstinacy,&mdash;<i>now</i> the companions of his success,
+ and sharers in the glory which they had mocked. Such is
+ humanity,&mdash;persecuting discoverers, yet reaping the
+ fruits of their inventions.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What evidences had Columbus that land was
+ near? 2. What did the mutineers do? 3. In what month and year
+ was the <i>new world</i> discovered? 4. What is said of the
+ natives? 5. What did Columbus do on landing? 6. What was the
+ conduct of the officers and seamen?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson104"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CIV.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ FER' MENT, heat; glow.<br>
+ EN THU' SI ASM, excitement.<br>
+ PRO DIG' IOUS, very great.<br>
+ SPEC I MENS, samples.<br>
+ LEAGU' ED, joined; banded.<br>
+ PER SUAD' ED, convinced.<br>
+ PRE POS' TEROUS, absurd; ridiculous.<br>
+ VAUNT' ED, boasted.<br>
+ DE LU' SION, deception.<br>
+ CRED' U LOUS, apt to believe.<br>
+ UN RE LI' A BLE, untrustworthy.<br>
+ SUS PI'' CION, doubt; mistrust.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ THE RETURN OF COLUMBUS.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ VINET.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ DON GOMEZ AND HIS SECRETARY.
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ <i>Don Gomez</i>. WHAT! what is this you tell me? Columbus
+ returned? A new world discovered? Impossible!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Secretary</i>. It is even so, sir. A courier arrived at
+ the palace but an hour since with the intelligence. Columbus
+ was driven by stress of weather to anchor in the Tagus. All
+ Portugal is in a ferment of enthusiasm, and all Spain will be
+ equally excited soon. The sensation is prodigious!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Don G</i>. Oh, it is a trick! It must be a trick!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Sec</i>. But he has brought home the proofs of his
+ visit,&mdash;gold and precious stones, strange plants and
+ animals; and, above all, specimens of a new race of men,
+ copper-colored, with straight hair.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Don G</i>. Still I say, a trick! He has been coasting
+ along the African shore, and there collected a few
+ curiosities, which he is passing off for proofs of his
+ pretended discovery.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Sec</i>. It is a little singular that all his men should
+ be leagued with him in keeping up so unprofitable a
+ falsehood.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Don G</i>. But 'tis against reason, against common sense,
+ that such a discovery should be made.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Sec</i>. King John of Portugal has received him with royal
+ magnificence, has listened to his accounts, and is persuaded
+ that they are true.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Don G.</i> We shall see, we shall see. Look you, sir, a
+ plain matter-of-fact man, such as I, is not to be taken in by
+ any such preposterous story! This vaunted discovery will turn
+ out no discovery at all.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Sec.</i> The king and queen have given orders for
+ preparations on the most magnificent scale for the reception
+ of Columbus.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Don G.</i> What delusion! Her majesty is so credulous. A
+ practical, common-sense man, like myself, can find no points
+ of sympathy in her nature.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Sec.</i> The Indians on board the returned vessels, are
+ said to be unlike any known race of men.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Don G.</i> Very unreliable all that! I take the
+ common-sense view of the thing. I am a matter-of-fact man;
+ and do you remember what I say, it will all turn out a trick!
+ The crews may have been deceived. Columbus may have steered a
+ southerly course, instead of a westerly. Any thing is
+ probable, rather than that a coast to the westward of us has
+ been discovered.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Sec.</i> I saw the courier, who told me he had conversed
+ with all the sailors; and they laughed at the suspicion that
+ there could be any mistake about the discovery, or that any
+ other than a westerly course had been steered.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Don G.</i> Still I say, a trick! An unknown coast reached
+ by steering west? Impossible! The earth a globe, and men
+ standing with their heads down in space? Folly! An ignorant
+ sailor from Genoa in the right, and all our learned doctors
+ and philosophers in the wrong? <i>Nonsense!</i> I'm a
+ matter-of-fact man, sir. I will believe what I can see, and
+ handle, and understand. But as for believing in the
+ antipodes, or that the earth is round, or that Columbus has
+ discovered land to the west,&mdash; Ring the bell, sir; call
+ my carriage; I will go to the palace and undeceive the king.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson105"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CV.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ HAR' BIN GER, forerunner; precursor.<br>
+ UN PIL' LAR ED, unsupported by pillars.<br>
+ UN YIELDING, stubborn.<br>
+ DE CREES', edicts; laws.<br>
+ HAL' LOW ED, sacred; consecrated.<br>
+ MOLD' ER ING, decaying.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO,
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ GRENVILLE MULLEN.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ 1. Wake your harp's music!&mdash;louder,&mdash;higher,
+ And pour your strains along;
+ And smite again each quivering wire,
+ In all the pride of song!
+(<i>f.</i>) Shout like those godlike men of old,
+ Who, daring storm and foe,
+ On this blessed soil their anthem rolled,
+ TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO!
+ 2. From native shores by tempests driven,
+ They sought a purer sky;
+ And found, beneath a milder heaven,
+<i>The home of Liberty!</i>
+ An altar rose,&mdash;and prayers,&mdash;a ray
+ Broke on their night of woe,&mdash;
+ The harbinger of Freedom's day,
+ TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO!
+ 3. They clung around that symbol too,
+ Their refuge and their all;
+ And swore, while skies and waves were blue,
+ That altar should not fall!
+ They stood upon the red man's sod,
+ 'Neath heaven's unpillared bow,
+ With home,&mdash;a country, and a God,&mdash;
+ TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO!
+ 4. Oh! 'twas a hard, unyielding fate
+ That drove them to the seas;
+ And Persecution strove with Hate,
+ To darken her decrees:
+ But safe, above each coral grave,
+ Each booming ship did go,&mdash;
+ A God was on the western wave,&mdash;
+ TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO!
+ 5. They knelt them on the desert sand,
+ By waters cold and rude,
+ Alone upon the dreary strand
+ Of oceaned solitude!
+ They looked upon the high, blue air,
+ And felt their spirits glow,
+ Resolved to live or perish there,&mdash;
+ TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO!
+ 6. The warrior's red right arm was bared,
+ His eyes flashed deep and wild:
+ Was there a foreign footstep dared
+ To seek his home and child'?
+ The dark chiefs yelled alarm, and swore
+ The white man's blood should flow,
+ And his hewn bones should bleach their shore,
+ TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO!
+ 7. But lo! the warrior's eye grew dim,&mdash;
+ His arm was left alone;
+ The still, black wilds which sheltered him,
+ No longer were his own!
+ Time fled,&mdash;and on the hallowed ground
+ His highest pine lies low,&mdash;
+ And cities swell where forests frowned,
+ TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO!
+ 8. Oh! stay not to recount the tale,&mdash;
+ 'Twas bloody, and 'tis past;
+ The firmest cheek might well grow pale,
+ To hear it to the last.
+ The God of Heaven who prospers us,
+ Could bid a nation grow,
+ And shield us from the red man's curse,&mdash;
+ TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO!
+ 9. Come, then,&mdash;great shades of glorious men,
+ From your still glorious grave!
+ Look on your own proud land again,
+ O bravest of the brave!
+ We call you from each mouldering tomb,
+ And each blue wave below,
+ To bless the world ye snatched from doom,
+ TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO!
+10. Then to your harps!&mdash;yet louder,&mdash;higher
+ And pour your strains along;
+ And smite again each quivering wire,
+ In all the pride of song!
+(<i>f</i>.)Shout for those godlike men of old,
+ Who, daring storm and foe,
+ On this blessed soil their anthem rolled,
+ TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO!
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. Who are meant by <i>godlike men of
+ old</i>? 2. Why did they flee to this country? 3. Who warred
+ against them?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson106"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CVI.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ SE RENE' LY, calmly; quietly.<br>
+ SUR MOUNT', rise above; overcome.<br>
+ TRAMP, tread, or travel.<br>
+ EB' ON, black, as ebony.<br>
+ GUARD' I AN, defender; protector.<br>
+ CHIV' AL RIC, brave; heroic.<br>
+ MAIL, defensive armor.<br>
+ EX ALT', lift up.<br>
+ FRAIL' TY, weakness.<br>
+ BLIGHT' ED, blasted.<br>
+ RE NOWN', fame; celebrity.<br>
+ STEAD' FAST, firm; resolute.<br>
+ &nbsp;<br>
+ IN TER VENE', (INTER, <i>between</i>; VENE, <i>to come</i>;)
+ come between; interpose.<br>
+ &nbsp;<br>
+ SUC CEED', (SUC, <i>after;</i> CEED, <i>to come;</i>) come
+ after; follow.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ PRESS ON.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ PARK BENJAMIN.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+1. <i>Press on!</i> there's no such word as fail!
+ Press nobly on! the goal is near,&mdash;
+ Ascend the mountain! breast the gale!
+ Look upward, onward,&mdash;never fear!
+ Why shouldst thou faint? Heaven smiles above,
+ Though storms and vapor intervene;
+ That Sun shines on, whose name is Love,
+ Serenely o'er Life's shadowed scene.
+2. <i>Press on!</i> surmount the rocky steeps,
+ Climb boldly o'er the torrent's arch:
+ He fails alone who feebly creeps;
+ He wins, who dares the hero's march.
+ Be thou a hero! let thy might
+ Tramp on eternal snows its way,
+ And, through the ebon walls of night,
+ Hew down a passage unto day.
+3. <i>Press on!</i> if once and twice thy feet
+ Slip back and stumble, harder try;
+ From him who never dreads to meet
+ Danger and death, they're sure to fly.
+ To coward ranks the bullet speeds;
+ While on their breasts who never quail,
+ Gleams, guardian of chivalric deeds,
+ Bright courage, like a coat of mail.
+4. <i>Press on</i>! if Fortune play thee false
+ To-day, to-morrow she'll be true;
+ Whom now she sinks she now exalts,
+ Taking old gifts and granting new.
+ The wisdom of the present hour
+ Makes up her follies past and gone:
+ To weakness strength succeeds, and power
+ From frailty springs;&mdash;<i>press on</i>! PRESS ON!
+5. <i>Press on</i>! what though upon the ground
+ Thy love has been poured out like rain?
+ That happiness is always found
+ The sweetest, which is born of pain.
+ Oft 'mid the forest's deepest glooms,
+ A bird sings from some blighted tree,
+ And, in the dreariest desert, blooms
+ A never-dying rose for thee.
+6. Therefore, <i>press on</i>! and reach the goal,
+ And gain the prize, and wear the crown:
+ Faint not! for, to the steadfast soul,
+ Come wealth, and honor, and renown.
+ To thine own self be true, and keep
+ Thy mind from sloth, thy heart from soil;
+<i>Press on</i>! and thou shalt surely reap
+ A heavenly harvest for thy toil!
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What encouragement is given to those who
+ press on? 2. Who fails, and who wins? 3. What is said of
+ those who never dread to meet danger and death? 4. How are
+ they rewarded, who press on?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson107"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CVII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ EX PAND, develop; enlarge.<br>
+ EL E VATE, raise; dignify.<br>
+ VAR RI A BLE, changeable.<br>
+ PHAN TAS MA GO' RIA, magic lantern; illusive
+ representations.<br>
+ UN' DU LA TING, waving; irregular.<br>
+ MO BIL'I TY, movableness; readiness to move.<br>
+ DO' CILE, teachable; obedient.<br>
+ CE LES' TIAL, heavenly.<br>
+ DIS' SI PATES, scatters, or confuses.<br>
+ IN FIN' I TY, boundlessness.<br>
+ GYM NAS' TIC, athletic exercise.<br>
+ O PAC' I TY, state of being opaque or dark.<br>
+ PA THET' IC, feeling; tender.<br>
+ IN DOM' I TA BLE, unconquerable.<br>
+ CO-OP' ER ATE, work with; join with.<br>
+ &nbsp;<br>
+ MOUNT PER' DU, one of the high summits of the Pyrenees
+ mountains, in Spain. The name signifies "Lost Mountain;" in
+ allusion, probably, to its peak being lost in the clouds.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ THE THREE FORMS OF NATURE.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ FROM THE FRENCH OF MICHELET.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. There are three forms of Nature, which especially command
+ and elevate our souls, release her from her heavy clay and
+ earthly limits, and send her, exulting, to sail amidst the
+ wonders and mysteries of the Infinite. <i>First</i>, there is
+ the unstable <i>Ocean of Air</i> with its glorious banquet of
+ light, its vapors, its twilight, and its shifting
+ phantasmagoria of capricious creatures, coming into existence
+ only to depart the next instant.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. <i>Second</i>, there is the fixed <i>Ocean of the
+ Earth</i>, its undulating and vast waves, as we see them from
+ the tops of "the earth o'er gazing mountains," the elevations
+ which testify to antique mobility, and the sublimity of its
+ mightier mountain-tops, clad in eternal snows. <i>Third</i>,
+ there is the <i>Ocean of Waters</i>, less mobile than air,
+ less fixed than earth, but liable, in its movements, to the
+ celestial bodies.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. <i>These three things</i> form the gamut by which the
+ Infinite speaks to our souls. Nevertheless, let us point out
+ some very notable differences. The <i>Air-ocean</i> is so
+ mobile that we can scarcely examine it. It deceives; it
+ decoys; it diverts; it dissipates, and breaks up our chain of
+ thought.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. For an instant, it is an immense hope, the day of all
+ infinity; anon, it is not so; all flies from before us, and
+ our hearts are grieved, agitated, and filled with doubt. Why
+ have I been permitted to see for a moment that immense flood
+ of light? The memory of that brief gleaming must ever abide
+ with me, and that memory makes all things here on earth look
+ dark.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. The <i>fixed Ocean of the mountains</i> is not thus
+ transient or fugitive; on the contrary, it stops us at every
+ step, and imposes upon us the necessity of a very hard,
+ though wholesome gymnastic. Contemplation here has to be
+ bought at the price of the most violent action. Nevertheless,
+ the opacity of the earth, like the transparency of the air,
+ frequently deceives and bewilders us. Who can forget that for
+ ten years, Ramon, in vain, sought to reach Mount Perdu though
+ often within sight of it?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. Great, <i>very great</i>, is the difference between the
+ elements; the earth is mute and the ocean speaks. The ocean
+ is a voice. It speaks to the distant stars; it answers to
+ their movements in its deep and solemn language. It speaks to
+ the earth on the shores, replying to the echoes that reply
+ again; by turns wailing, soothing, threatening&mdash;its
+ deepest roar is presently succeeded by a sad, pathetic
+ silence.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. And it especially addresses itself to man. It is
+ creation's living eloquence. It is Life speaking to Life. The
+ millions, the countless myriads of beings to which it gives
+ birth, are its words. All these, mingled together make the
+ unity, the great and solemn voice of the ocean. And "what are
+ those wild waves saying?" They are talking of
+ <i>Life,&mdash;of Immortality.</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. An indomitable strength is at the bottom of
+ Nature&mdash;how much more so at Nature's summit, the Soul!
+ And it speaks of partnership, of union. Let us accept the
+ swift exchange which, in the individual, exists between the
+ diverse elements; let us accept the superior Law which unites
+ the living members of the same body&mdash;Humanity; and,
+ still more, let us accept and respect the supreme Law which
+ makes us co-operate with the great Soul, associated as we
+ are&mdash;in proportion with our powers&mdash;with the loving
+ harmony of the world&mdash;copartners in the life of God.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What are three great forms of Nature? 2.
+ What is said of the Air-ocean? 3. How does the Ocean address
+ itself to man?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson108"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CVIII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ MO NOP' O LIZED, engrossed.<br>
+ CEL' E BRA TED, praised; talked of.<br>
+ PO' TENT LY, powerfully.<br>
+ MAR' I TIME, pertaining to sea.<br>
+ SA GAC' I TY, acuteness.<br>
+ IN TRE PID' I TY, daring valor.<br>
+ SAN' GUINE, bloody; cruel.<br>
+ EC CEN TRIC' I TY, peculiarity, oddity.<br>
+ WA' RI NESS, cautiousness.<br>
+ ED' I BLE, eatable.<br>
+ E MAN' CI PA TED, freed; liberated.<br>
+ IN TER ME' DI ATE, lying between.<br>
+ DEV AS TA TING, laying waste.<br>
+ DOUB' LE, sail around.
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ [Headnote 1: BASQUES, (<i>basks</i>), an ancient and peculiar
+ people, living on the slopes of the Pyrenees Mountains.]
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ [Headnote 2: BRE' TON, a native of Brittany, an ancient
+ province in France.]
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ [Headnote 3: NOR' MAN, that is, Northman, a name given to the
+ ancient inhabitants of Norway, Denmark, and Sweden, and
+ afterward to their descendants who settled in the north of
+ France.]
+ </p>
+ <h4>
+ THE WHALE AND THE WHALER.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ FROM THE FRENCH OF MICHELET.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. Who opened up to men the great distant navigation? Who
+ revealed the ocean, and marked out its zones and its liquid
+ highways? Who discovered the secrets of the globe? <i>The
+ Whale and the Whaler!</i> And all this before Columbus and
+ the famous gold-seekers, who have monopolized all the glory,
+ found again, with much outcry about their discovery, what had
+ so long before been discovered by the whalers.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. That crossing of the ocean, which was so boastfully
+ celebrated in the fifteenth century, had often been made, not
+ only by the narrow passage between Iceland and Greenland,
+ but, also, by the open sea; for the Basques[Headnote 1] went
+ to Newfoundland. The smallest danger was the mere voyage; for
+ these men, who went to the very end of the <i>then</i> known
+ world, to challenge the whale to single combat, to steer
+ right away into the Northern sea, to attack the mighty
+ monster, amid darkness and storms, with the dense fog all
+ around, and the foaming waves below,&mdash;those who could do
+ this, were not the men to shrink from the ordinary dangers of
+ the voyage.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. Noble warfare! Great school of courage! That fishery was
+ not <i>then</i>, as it is <i>now</i>, an easy war to wage,
+ made from a distance, and with a potently murderous machine.
+ No; the fisher then struck with his own strong hand, impelled
+ and guided by his own fearless heart, and he risked life to
+ take life. The men of that day killed but few whales; but
+ they gained infinitely in maritime ability, in patience, in
+ sagacity, and in intrepidity. They brought back <i>less</i>
+ of oil; but <i>more, far more</i> of glory.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. Every nation has its own peculiar genius. We recognize
+ each by its own style of procedure. There are a hundred forms
+ of courage, and these graduated varieties formed, as it were,
+ another heroic game. At the North, the Scandinavian, the rude
+ race from Norway to Flanders, had their sanguine fury. At the
+ South, the wild burst, the gay daring, the clear-headed
+ excitement, that impelled, at once, and guided them over the
+ world. In the center, the silent and patient firmness of the
+ Breton[Headnote 2], who yet, in the hour of danger, could
+ display a quite sublime eccentricity. And, lastly, the
+ Norman[Headnote 3] wariness, considerately courageous; daring
+ all, but daring all for success. Such was the beauty of man,
+ in that sovereign manifestation of human courage.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. We owe a vast deal to the whale. But for it, the fishers
+ would still have hugged the shore; for, almost every edible
+ fish seeks the shore and the river. It was the whale that
+ emancipated them, and led them afar. It led them onward, and
+ onward still, until they found it, after having almost
+ unconsciously passed from one world to the other. Greenland
+ did not seduce them; it was not <i>the land</i> that they
+ sought; but <i>the sea, and the tracks of the whale</i>.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. The ocean at large is its home, and <i>especially</i> the
+ broad and open sea. Each species has its especial preference
+ for this or that latitude,&mdash;for a certain zone of water,
+ more or less cold. And it was <i>that</i> preference which
+ traced out the great divisions of the Atlantic. The tribe of
+ inferior whales, that have a dorsal fin, are to be found in
+ the warmest and in the coldest seas,&mdash;under the line and
+ in the polar seas.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. In the great intermediate region, the fierce Cachalot
+ inclines toward the south, devastating the warm waters. On
+ the contrary, the Free Whale fears the warm waters,&mdash;we
+ should rather say, that they did, formerly, fear
+ them,&mdash;they have become so scarce. They are never found
+ in the warm southern current; it is <i>that</i> fact that led
+ to the current being noticed, and thence to the discovery of
+ the <i>true course from America to Europe</i>. From Europe to
+ America, the trade winds will serve us.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. If the Free Whale has a perfect horror of the warm waters,
+ and can not pass the equator, it is clear that he can not
+ double the southern end of America. How happens it, then,
+ that when he is wounded on one side of America, in the
+ Atlantic, he is sometimes found on the other side of America,
+ and in the Pacific? <i>It proves that there is a
+ north-western passage</i>. Another discovery which we owe to
+ the whale, and one which throws a broad light alike on the
+ form of the globe, and the geography of the seas!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. By degrees, the whale has led us everywhere. Rare as he is
+ at present, he has led us to both poles, from the uttermost
+ recesses of the Pacific to Behring's Strait, and the infinite
+ wastes of the Antarctic waters. There is even an enormous
+ region that no vessel, whether war-ship or merchantman, ever
+ traverses, at a few degrees beyond the southern points of
+ America and Africa. No one visits that region but the whaler.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What has been done by the whaler? 2. By
+ whom had Newfoundland been discovered? 3. What is said of the
+ courage of the whaler? 4. What proof is given that there is a
+ north-western passage, by water, from the Atlantic to the
+ Pacific?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson109"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CIX.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ THRALL' DOM, bondage; slavery.<br>
+ IG NO' BLE, mean; degraded.<br>
+ HORDE, clan; tribe.<br>
+ FEUD' AL, pertaining to military tenure.<br>
+ DES' POTS, tyrants.<br>
+ PAL' TRY, mean; contemptible.<br>
+ RAP' INE,(<i>rapin;</i>) plunder; violence.<br>
+ FOR SOOTH', in truth; in fact.<br>
+ RUF' FIAN, robber; cut-throat.<br>
+ SERV' ILE, slavish; cringing.<br>
+ LIM' NERS, painters.<br>
+ DIS CI' PLE, learner; follower.<br>
+ CORSE, corpse; dead body.<br>
+ BRAWL, wrangle; contention.<br>
+ DIS TAIN' ED, sullied; stained.<br>
+ ECH' O ED, resounded.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ RIENZI'S ADDRESS TO THE ROMANS.
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ [Footnote: RI EN' ZI, the last of the Roman Tribunes, was
+ born in Rome about the year 1310. He was assassinated Oct.
+ 8th, 1354 He was a person of extraordinary eloquence. In his
+ day, Rome was a prey to contending factions of nobles. This
+ kept the city in constant turmoil, and subjected the people
+ to continual abuse and tyranny. It was the endeavor of Rienzi
+ to arouse them to a resolution to be free.]
+ </p>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ MISS MITFORD.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+1. Friends!
+ I come not here to <i>talk</i>. You know too well
+ The story of our thralldom. We are <i>slaves!</i>
+ The bright sun rises to his course, and lights
+ A race of <i>slaves!</i> He sets, and his last beam
+ Falls on a <i>slave</i>: not such as, swept along
+ By the full tide of power, the conqueror leads
+ To crimson glory and undying fame;
+<i>But base, ignoble slaves!</i> slaves to a horde
+ Of petty tyrants, feudal despots, lords,
+ Rich in some dozen paltry villages;
+ Strong in some hundred spearmen; only great
+ In that strange spell,&mdash;<i>a name</i>.
+2. Each hour, dark fraud,
+ Or open rapine, or protected murder,
+ Cries out against them. But this very day,
+ An honest man, my neighbor,&mdash;there he stands,
+ Was struck, <i>struck</i> like a dog, by one who wore
+ The badge of Ursini; because, forsooth,
+ He tossed not high his ready cap in air,
+ Nor lifted up his voice in servile shouts,
+ At sight of that great ruffian!
+3. (<i>f</i>.) Be we <i>men</i>,
+ And suffer such dishonor'? MEN, and wash not
+ The stain away in blood'? Such shames are common!
+ I have known deeper wrongs. I, that speak to ye,
+ I had a brother once, a gracious boy,
+ Full of gentleness, of calmest hope,
+ Of sweet and quiet joy; there was the look
+ Of heaven upon his face, which limners give
+ To the beloved disciple!
+4. How I loved
+ That gracious boy! Younger by fifteen years,
+ Brother at once, and son! He left my side,
+ A summer bloom on his fair cheek,&mdash;a smile
+ Parting his innocent lips. In one short hour,
+ That pretty, harmless boy was slain! (<i>p</i>.) I saw
+ The corse, the mangled corse, and then I cried
+ For vengeance! (<i>ff</i>.) <i>Rouse ye, Romans!</i>&mdash;ROUSE YE, SLAVES!
+ Have ye brave sons? Look in the next fierce brawl
+ To see them die! Have ye fair daughters? Look
+ To see them live, torn from your arms, distained,
+ Dishonored; and if ye dare call for justice,
+ Be answered by the lash!
+5. Yet this is Rome,
+ That sat on her seven hills, and, from her throne
+ Of beauty, ruled the world! Yet we are Romans!
+ Why, in that elder day, to be a Roman,
+ Was greater than a king! And once again,&mdash;
+ Hear me, ye walls, that echoed to the tread
+ Of either Brutus! Once again I swear,
+ The eternal city shall be free!
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. In what condition did the writer say the
+ Roman people were? 2. What wrongs are complained of? 3. What
+ special cases are mentioned? 4. What are the people exhorted
+ to do? 5. What is the meaning of the suffix <i>dom</i>, in
+ the word <i>thralldom?</i> See ANALYSIS, page 142, Ex. 189.
+ 6. What is the meaning of the suffix <i>less</i>, in the word
+ <i>harmless?</i> See page 140, Ex. 187. 7. How, according to
+ the notation mark, should the first part of the third verse
+ be read? 8. What rule for the rising inflections, third
+ verse? See page 28, Rule I.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson110"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CX.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ MUL' TI PLY, increase; continue.<br>
+ COL'TER, part of the plow that cuts the sod.<br>
+ GE' NI AL, productive.<br>
+ BE NIG' NANT, kind; bounteous.<br>
+ SAUN' TER ING, loitering.<br>
+ WOOD' BINE, honeysuckle.<br>
+ RE SPLEN DENT, splendid, beautiful.<br>
+ PO' TENT, powerful.<br>
+ ROAD' STEAD, place where ships may anchor.<br>
+ RE LI' ANT, trusting; depending.<br>
+ PES TI LEN' TIAL, infectious; noxious.<br>
+ PER PET' U AL, continual.<br>
+ STER' ILE, barren.
+ </div>
+ <p>
+ [Headnote 1: LE ON' I DAS, the celebrated Spartan leader who,
+ with three hundred men, perished in the effort to resist the
+ Persian hosts, at the mountain pass of Thermopylae, (B.C.,
+ 480.)]
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ [Headnote 2: MARS' TON, that is, Marston Moor, a place in
+ Yorkshire, England, memorable for the defeat of Charles I.,
+ (in 1644,) by the forces of Cromwell and others.]
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ [Headnote 3: BAN' NOCK BURN, a village in Stirlingshire,
+ Scotland, famous for the battle between the patriots, under
+ Robert Bruce, and the English invading army, under Edward
+ II., fought, June 25, 1314.]
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ [Headnote 4: AR MA' DA, a great naval armament sent by Philip
+ II. of Spain, in 1588, for the conquest of England. It failed
+ utterly, however, of its object, having been scattered and
+ disabled by violent storms.]
+ </p>
+ <h4>
+ SONG OF THE FORGE.
+ </h4>
+ <pre>
+1. Clang! clang! the massive anvils ring,&mdash;
+ Clang! clang! a hundred hammers swing,
+ Like the thunder-rattle of a tropic sky,
+ The mighty blows still multiply:
+ Clang! clang!
+ Say, brothers of the dusky brow,
+ What are your strong arms forging now?
+2. Clang! clang!&mdash;we forge the <i>colter</i> now&mdash;
+ The colter of the kindly plow;
+ Benignant Father, bless our toil;
+ May its broad furrow still unbind
+ To genial rains, to sun and wind,
+ The most productive soil!
+3. Clang! clang!&mdash;our colter's course shall be
+ On many a sweet and sunny lea,
+ By many a streamlet's silver tide,
+ Amidst the song of morning birds,
+ Amidst the low of sauntering herds,
+ Amidst soft breezes which do stray
+ Through woodbine-hedges and sweet May,
+ Along the green hill's side.
+4. When regal Autumn's bounteous hand,
+ With wide-spread glory clothes the land,&mdash;
+ When, to the valleys, from the brow
+ Of each resplendent slope, is rolled
+ A ruddy sea of living gold,
+ We bless,&mdash;we bless the PLOW.
+5. Clang! clang!&mdash;again, my mates, what glows
+ Beneath the hammer's potent blows?
+ Clink! clank!&mdash;we forge the <i>giant chain</i>,
+ Which bears the gallant vessel's strain,
+ 'Midst stormy winds and adverse tides;
+ Secured by this, the good ship braves
+ The rocky roadstead and the waves
+ Which thunder on her sides.
+6. Anxious no more, the merchant sees
+ The mist drive dark before the breeze.
+ The storm-cloud on the hill;
+ Calmly he rests, though, far away
+ In boisterous climes, his vessel lay
+ Reliant on our skill.
+7. Say, on what sands these links shall sleep,
+ Fathoms beneath the solemn deep`?
+ By Afric's pestilential shore',&mdash;
+ By many an iceberg, lone and hoar',&mdash;
+ By many a palmy western isle,
+ Basking in spring's perpetual smile',&mdash;
+ By stormy Labrador'?
+8. Say, shall they feel the vessel reel,
+ When, to the battery's deadly peal,
+ The crashing broadside makes reply'?
+ Or else, as at the glorious Nile,
+ Hold grappling ships, that strive the while,
+ For death or victory'?
+9. <i>Hurrah!</i>&mdash;cling! clang!&mdash;once more, what glows,
+ Dark brothers of the forge, beneath
+ The iron tempest of your blows
+ The furnace's fiery breath?
+10. Clang! clang!&mdash;a burning torrent, clear
+ And brilliant, of bright sparks is poured
+ Around and up in the dusky air,
+ As our hammers forge the SWORD.
+11. The <i>sword!</i> a name of dread; yet when
+ Upon the freeman's thigh 'tis bound,
+ While for his altar and his hearth,&mdash;
+ While for the land that gave him birth,
+ The war-drums roll, the trumpets sound,
+ How <i>sacred</i> is it then!
+12. Whenever for the truth and right
+ It flashes in the van of fight,
+ Whether in some wild mountain pass
+ As that where fell Leonidas[Headnote 1];
+ Or on some sterile plain and stern,
+ A Marston[Headnote 2] or a Bannockburn[Headnote 3];
+ Or, mid fierce crags and bursting rills,
+ The Switzer's Alps, gray Tyrol's hills,&mdash;
+ Or, as when sunk the Armada's[Headnote 4] pride,
+ It gleams above the stormy tide,&mdash;
+ Still, still, whene'er the battle word
+ Is LIBERTY, when men do stand
+ For <i>justice</i> and their <i>native land</i>,
+ Then Heaven bless THE SWORD!
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What things are mentioned as being
+ forged? 2. What is said of the colter? 3. What, of the iron
+ cable? 4. What, of the sword?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson111"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CXI.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ BEN E FAC' TION, gift; favor.<br>
+ E LATE', flushed with success.<br>
+ IN HER' ENT, natural.<br>
+ PER FEC' TION, excellence.<br>
+ VIG' ILS, watchfulness.<br>
+ UN BRIB' ED, not influenced by gifts.<br>
+ CON SO LA' TION, comfort.<br>
+ AV' E NUE, way; entrance.<br>
+ A TROC' I TIES, enormities.<br>
+ MOCK' ER Y, derision; ridicule.<br>
+ FAC' UL TIES, powers of the mind.<br>
+ CA PAC' I TIES, abilities.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ CHOICE EXTRACTS.
+ </h4>
+ <h5>
+ I.
+ </h5>
+ <h6>
+ SWIFTNESS OF TIME.
+ </h6>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ IDLER.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Let him that desires to see others happy, make haste to give
+ while his gift can be enjoyed, and remember that every moment
+ of delay takes away something from the value of his
+ benefaction. And let him who proposes his own happiness,
+ reflect, that while he forms his purpose, the days roll on,
+ and "the night cometh when no man can work."
+ </p>
+ <h5>
+ II.
+ </h5>
+ <h6>
+ THE SHIP OF STATE.
+ </h6>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ LONGFELLOW.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+Thou, too, sail on, O Ship of State!
+Sail on, O Union, strong and great!
+Humanity, with all its fears,
+With all the hopes of future years,
+Is hanging breathless on thy fate!
+We know what Master laid thy keel,
+What workmen wrought thy ribs of steel,
+Who made each mast, and sail, and rope,
+What anvils rang, what hammers beat,
+In what a forge, and what a heat,
+Were shaped the anchors of thy hope.
+</pre>
+ <h5>
+ III.
+ </h5>
+ <h6>
+ THE TRUE HERO.
+ </h6>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ HORACE BUSHNELL.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ The true hero is the great, wise man of duty,&mdash;he whose
+ soul is armed by truth and supported by the smile of
+ God,&mdash;he who meets life's perils with a cautious but
+ tranquil spirit, gathers strength by facing its storms, and
+ dies, if he is called to die, as a Christian victor at the
+ post of duty. And, if we must have heroes, and wars wherein
+ to make them, there is none so brilliant as a war with
+ wrong,&mdash;no hero so fit to be sung as he who hath gained
+ the bloodless victory of truth and mercy.
+ </p>
+ <h5>
+ IV.
+ </h5>
+ <h6>
+ HEART ESSENTIAL TO GENIUS.
+ </h6>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ W.G. SIMMS.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+We are not always equal to our fate,
+ Nor true to our conditions. Doubt and fear
+ Beset the bravest, in their high career,
+At moments when the soul, no more elate
+With expectation, sinks beneath the time.
+The masters have their weakness. "I would climb,"
+ Said Raleigh, gazing on the highest hill,&mdash;
+"But that I tremble with the fear to fall."
+ Apt was the answer of the high-souled queen:
+"If thy heart fail thee, never climb at all!"
+The heart! if that be sound, confirms the rest,
+ Crowns genius with his lion will and mien,
+And, from the conscious virtue in the breast,
+To trembling nature gives both strength and will.
+</pre>
+ <h5>
+ V.
+ </h5>
+ <h6>
+ EDUCATION.
+ </h6>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ ADDISON.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ I consider a human soul without education, like marble in the
+ quarry, which shows none of its inherent beauties until the
+ skill of the polisher fetches out the colors, makes the
+ surface shine, and discovers every ornamental cloud, spot,
+ and vein that runs through the body of it. Education, after
+ the same manner, when it works upon a noble mind, draws out
+ every latent virtue and perfection, which, without such
+ helps, are never able to make their appearance.
+ </p>
+ <h5>
+ VI.
+ </h5>
+ <h6>
+ THE VANITY OF WEALTH.
+ </h6>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ DR. JOHNSON.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+No more thus brooding o'er yon heap,
+With av'rice painful vigils keep;
+Still unenjoyed the present store,
+Still endless sighs are breathed for more.
+Oh! quit the shadow, catch the prize,
+Which not all India's treasure buys!
+To purchase Heaven has gold the power'?
+Can gold remove the mortal hour?
+In life, can love be bought with gold?
+Are friendship's pleasures to be sold?
+No; all that's worth a wish&mdash;a thought,
+Fair Virtue gives unbribed, unbought.
+Cease then on trash thy hopes to bind;
+Let <i>nobler views</i> engage thy mind.
+</pre>
+ <h5>
+ VII.
+ </h5>
+ <h6>
+ CONSOLATION OF THE GOSPEL.
+ </h6>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ A. ALEXANDER.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Oh, precious gospel! Will any merciless hand endeavor to tear
+ away from our hearts, this last, this sweetest consolation?
+ Would you darken the only avenue through which one ray of
+ hope can enter? Would you tear from the aged and infirm poor
+ the only prop on which their souls can repose in peace? Would
+ you deprive the dying of their only source of consolation?
+ Would you rob the world of its richest treasure? Would you
+ let loose the flood-gates of every vice, and bring back upon
+ the earth the horrors of superstition, or the atrocities of
+ atheism? Then endeavor to subvert the gospel; throw around
+ you the firebrands of infidelity; laugh at religion, and make
+ a mockery of futurity; but be assured that for all these
+ things, God will bring you into judgment.
+ </p>
+ <h5>
+ VIII.
+ </h5>
+ <h6>
+ THE LIGHT OF HOPE.
+ </h6>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ O.W.B. PEABODY.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+1. Oh, who that has gazed, in the stillness of even,
+ On the fast-fading hues of the west,
+ Has seen not afar, in the bosom of heaven,
+ Some bright little mansion of rest,
+ And mourned that the path to a region so fair
+ Should be shrouded with sadness and fears;&mdash;
+ That the night-winds of sorrow, misfortune, and care,
+ Should sweep from the deep-rolling waves of despair,
+ To darken this cold world of tears?
+2. And who that has gazed, has not longed for an hour,
+ When misfortune forever shall cease;
+ And Hope, like the rainbow, unfold, through the shower,
+ Her bright-written promise of peace?
+ And, oh! if that rainbow of promise may shine
+ On the last scene of life's wint'ry gloom,
+ May its light in the moment of parting be mine;
+ I ask but one ray from a source so divine,
+ To brighten the vale of the tomb.
+</pre>
+ <h5>
+ IX.
+ </h5>
+ <h6>
+ PAMPERING THE BODY AND STARVING THE SOUL.
+ </h6>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ EDWARD EVERETT.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. What`! feed a child's body, and let his soul hunger'?
+ pamper his limbs, and starve his faculties'? Plant the earth,
+ cover a thousand hills with your droves of cattle, pursue the
+ fish to their hiding-places in the sea, and spread out your
+ wheat-fields across the plain, in order to supply the wants
+ of that body which will soon be as cold and as senseless as
+ the poorest clod, and let the pure spiritual essence within
+ you, with all its glorious capacities for improvement,
+ languish and pine'?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. What`! build factories, turn in rivers upon the
+ water-wheels, unchain the imprisoned spirits of steam, to
+ weave a garment for the body, and let the soul remain
+ unadorned and naked'? What`! send out your vessels to the
+ furthest ocean, and make battle with the monsters of the
+ deep, in order to obtain the means of lighting up your
+ dwellings and workshops, and prolonging the hours of labor
+ for the meat that perisheth, and permit that vital spark,
+ which God has kindled, which He has intrusted to our care, to
+ be fanned into a bright and heavenly flame,&mdash;permit it,
+ I say, to languish and go out'?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. What considerate man can enter a school, and not reflect,
+ with awe, that it is a seminary where immortal minds are
+ training for eternity'? What parent but is, at times, weighed
+ down with the thought, that <i>there</i> must be laid the
+ foundations of a building which will stand, when not merely
+ temple and palace, but the perpetual hills and adamantine
+ rocks on which they rest, have melted away`!&mdash;that a
+ light may <i>there</i> be kindled which will shine, not
+ merely when every artificial beam is extinguished, but when
+ the affrighted sun has fled away from the heavens`?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson112"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CXII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ FRUIT' AGE, collection of fruits.<br>
+ WAX' ES, grows; increases.<br>
+ JU' BI LANT, joyous.<br>
+ TINGE, imbue.<br>
+ GLO' RI FI ED, exalted to glory.<br>
+ UN WA' RY, incautious.<br>
+ FAM' ISH ED, afflicted with hunger.<br>
+ BAN' ISH ED, driven out; expelled.<br>
+ RE NEW' ED, made new again.<br>
+ MA TUR' ING, ripening.<br>
+ VINT' AGE, produce of the vine.<br>
+ DIS LOY' AL TY, unfaithfulness.<br>
+ BE QUEATH' ED, left by inheritance.<br>
+ CON SID' ER ATE, thoughtful.<br>
+ &nbsp;<br>
+ <br>
+ RE VIV' I FY, (RE, <i>again</i>; VIV, <i>live</i>; IFY,
+ <i>to make</i>;) to make alive again, to bring to life;
+ renew.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ WE ALL DO FADE AS A LEAF.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ GAIL HAMILTON.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. "<i>We all do fade as a leaf</i>." Change is the essence
+ of life. "Passing away," is written on all things; and
+ passing away is passing on from strength to strength, from
+ glory to glory. Spring has its growth, summer its fruitage,
+ and autumn its festive in-gathering. The spring of eager
+ preparation waxes into the summer of noble work; mellowing in
+ its turn into the serene autumn, the golden-brown haze of
+ October, when the soul may robe itself in jubilant drapery,
+ awaiting the welcome command, "Come up higher," where
+ mortality shall be swallowed up in life.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. Why, then, should autumn tinge our thoughts with sadness.
+ We fade as the leaf, and the leaf fades only to revivify.
+ Though it fall, it shall rise again. Does the bud fear to
+ become a blossom, or the blossom shudder as it swells into
+ fruit; and shall the redeemed weep that they must become
+ glorified'? Strange inconsistency`! We faint with the burden
+ and the heat of the day. We bow down under the crosses that
+ are laid upon our shoulders. We are bruised and torn by the
+ snares and pitfalls which beset our way, and into which our
+ unwary feet often fall.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. We are famished, and foot-sore, and travel-stained, from
+ our long journey, and yet we are saddened by tokens that we
+ shall pass away from all these,&mdash;away from sin and
+ sorrow, from temptation and fall, from disappointment, and
+ weary waiting, and a fearful looking-for of evil, to purity
+ and holiness, and the full fruition of every
+ hope,&mdash;bliss which eye hath not seen, nor ear heard, nor
+ heart conceived,&mdash;to a world whence all that made this
+ dreary is forever banished, and where all that made this
+ delightful is forever renewed and increased,&mdash;a world
+ where the activities and energies of the soul shall have full
+ scope, and love and recognition wait upon its steps forever.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. Let him alone fear, who does not fade as the
+ leaf,&mdash;him whose sources are not in God, and who does
+ not draw his life thence,&mdash;him whose spring is gathering
+ no strength, whose summer is maturing no fruit, and whose
+ autumn shall have no vintage. Is not this the real sorrow of
+ us all? not a dread of change, but a secret consciousness of
+ wasted power,&mdash;of disloyalty to God, as the supreme
+ object of our love and service.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. Yet even here the fading leaf brings hope. Our future is
+ always before us. The past is fixed. No tears can wash away
+ its facts. Let us waste no vain regrets upon it; but, from
+ the wisdom which its very mistakes and sins have bequeathed
+ us, start afresh on the race. Though yesterday we were weak,
+ and selfish, and indolent, let us to-day&mdash;at this
+ moment&mdash;begin to be strong, and brave, and helpful, and
+ just, and generous, and considerate, and tender, and
+ truthful, and pure, and patient, and forgiving. "Now" is a
+ glorious word. "HENCEFORTH" is always within our grasp.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. To what are we compared? 2. What is said
+ of change? 3. What change takes place in the leaf? 4. What,
+ in man? 5. Who have reason to fear? 6. What is said of the
+ past and the future?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson113"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CXIII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ UN HEED' ED, not regarded.<br>
+ EX POS' ED, unprotected.<br>
+ EX HORT' ED, urged; persuaded.<br>
+ AT TUN' ED, put in tune.<br>
+ ES SEN' TIAL, real; true.<br>
+ AN NOUNC' ED, proclaimed.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ TEACHINGS OF NATURE.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ POLLOCK.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+1. The seasons came and went, and went and came,
+ To teach men gratitude; and, as they passed,
+ Gave warning of the lapse of time, that else
+ Had stolen unheeded by: the gentle flowers
+ Retired, and, stooping o'er the wilderness,
+ Talked of humility, and peace, and love.
+ The dews came down unseen at evening tide.
+ And silently their bounties shed, to teach
+ Mankind unostentatious charity.
+2. With arm in arm the forest rose on high,
+ And lesson gave of brotherly regard;
+ And, on the rugged mountain brow exposed,
+ Bearing the blast alone, the ancient oak
+ Stood, lifting high his mighty arm, and still
+ To courage in distress exhorted loud.
+ The flocks, the herds, the birds, the streams, the breeze,
+ Attuned the heart to melody and love.
+3. Mercy stood in the cloud, with eye that wept
+ Essential love; and, from her glorious brow,
+ Bending to kiss the earth in token of peace,
+ With her own lips, her gracious lips, which God
+ Of sweetest accent made, she whispered still,
+ She whispered to Revenge, Forgive! forgive!
+4. The Sun, rejoicing round the earth, announced
+ Daily the wisdom, power, and love of God.
+ The Moon awoke, and, from her maiden face
+ Shedding her cloudy locks, looked meekly forth,
+ And, with her virgin stars, walked in the heavens,&mdash;
+ Walked nightly there, conversing as she walked
+ Of purity, and holiness, and God.
+5. In dreams and visions, sleep instructed much.
+ Day uttered speech to day, and night to night
+ Taught knowledge: silence had a tongue: the grave,
+ The darkness, and the lonely waste, had each
+ A tongue, that ever said, Man! think of God!
+ Think of thyself! think of eternity!
+6. Fear God, the thunders said; Fear God, the waves;
+ Fear God, the lightning of the storm replied;
+ Fear God, deep loudly answered back to deep.
+ And, in the temples of the Holy One,
+ Messiah's messengers, the faithful few,
+ Faithful 'mong many false, the Bible opened,
+ And cried: Repent! repent, ye Sons of Men!
+ Believe, be saved.
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What do the seasons teach? 2. What, the
+ trees? 3. What, the sun and moon? 4. What, Messiah's
+ messengers?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson114"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CXIV.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ BE DECK' ED, adorned.<br>
+ AR RAY', dress; attire.<br>
+ MAN' TLED, spread; rushed.<br>
+ DE VO' TION, attachment.<br>
+ I DOL A TROUS, excessive.<br>
+ SEV' ER ED, rent; sundered.<br>
+ EN CIR' CLED, inclosed; surrounded.<br>
+ SA' BLES, mourning clothes.<br>
+ GIFT' ED, talented.<br>
+ FOUND ED, established.<br>
+ AL LURE', (AL, <i>to</i>; LURE, <i>draw</i>;) draw to;
+ entice.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ PASSING UNDER THE ROD.
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ [Footnote: These lines are founded on the following passage
+ of Jewish history:&mdash;"It was the custom of the Jews to
+ select the tenth of their sheep after this manner: The lambs
+ were separated from their dams, and inclosed in a sheep-cot,
+ with only one narrow way out; the lambs hastened to join the
+ dams, and a man, placed at the entrance, with a rod dipped in
+ ocher, touched every tenth lamb, and so marked it with his
+ rod, saying, 'LET THIS BE HOLY.' Hence, God says by his
+ prophet, '<i>I will cause you to pass under the rod</i>.'"]
+ </p>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ MARY S.B. DANA.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+1. I saw the young bride, in her beauty and pride,
+ Bedecked in her snowy array;
+ And the bright flush of joy mantled high on her cheek,
+ And the future looked blooming and gay:
+ And with a woman's devotion she laid her fond heart
+ At the shrine of idolatrous love;
+ And she anchored her hopes to this perishing earth,
+ By the chain which her tenderness wove.
+ But I saw, when those heartstrings were bleeding and torn,
+ And the chain had been severed in two,
+ She had changed her white robes for the sables of grief,
+ And her bloom for the paleness of woe!
+ But the Healer was there, pouring balm on her heart,
+ And wiping the tears from her eyes;
+ And He strengthened the chain He had broken in twain,
+ And fastened it firm to the skies!
+ There had whispered a voice,&mdash;'twas the voice of her God:
+ "I love thee&mdash;I love thee&mdash;<i>pass under the rod!</i>"
+2. I saw the young mother in tenderness bend
+ O'er the couch of her slumbering boy;
+ And she kissed the soft lips as they murmured her name,
+ While the dreamer lay smiling in joy.
+ Oh, sweet as the rose-bud encircled with dew,
+ When its fragrance is flung on the air,
+ So fresh and so bright to that mother he seemed,
+ As he lay in his innocence there.
+ But I saw when she gazed on the same lovely form,
+ Pale as marble, and silent, and cold,
+ But paler and colder her beautiful boy,
+ And the tale of her sorrow was told!
+ But the Healer was there, who had stricken her heart,
+ And taken her treasure away;
+ To allure her to heaven, He has placed it on high,
+ And the mourner will sweetly obey.
+ There had whispered a voice,&mdash;'twas the voice of her God:
+ "I love thee&mdash;I love thee&mdash;<i>pass under the rod!</i>"
+3. I saw, too, a father and mother who leaned
+ On the arms of a dear gifted son;
+ And the star in the future grew bright to their gaze,
+ As they saw the proud place he had won;
+ And the fast coming evening of life promised fair,
+ And its pathway grew smooth to their feet,
+ And the starlight of love glimmered bright at the end,
+ And the whispers of fancy were sweet.
+ And I saw them again, bending low o'er the grave,
+ Where their hearts' dearest hope had been laid;
+ And the star had gone down in the darkness of night,
+ And the joy from their bosoms had fled.
+ But the Healer was there, and His arms were around,
+ And He led them with tenderest care;
+ And He showed them a star in the bright upper world,
+ 'Twas their star shining brilliantly there!
+ They had each heard a voice,&mdash;'twas the voice of their God:
+ "I love thee&mdash;I love thee&mdash;<i>pass under the rod</i>!"
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What custom is alluded to, in the passage
+ "<i>I will cause you to pass under the rod?</i>" See note. 2.
+ Where is that passage found in the Scriptures? Ans. Ezekiel,
+ 20th chap., 37th verse. 3. What instances are mentioned of
+ individuals "<i>passing under the rod</i>?"
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson115"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CXV.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ PET' U LANT, cross; fretful.<br>
+ CA LAM' I TY, misfortune.<br>
+ SA TIR' IC AL, keenly severe; cutting.<br>
+ NUI' SANCE, annoyance.<br>
+ JUST' I FY, give a right to.<br>
+ STU PID' I TY, extreme dullness.<br>
+ CUL' PABLE, blamable; censurable.<br>
+ IR RI TA BIL' I TY, excitableness.<br>
+ AP PEL LA' TION, name; title.<br>
+ VE' HE MENT, violent; furious.<br>
+ VO CIF ER A' TIONS, loud outcries.<br>
+ MEN' A CES, threats.<br>
+ CEN' SUR ED, blamed.<br>
+ VIN DI CA' TION, justification.<br>
+ LON GEV' I TY, length of life.<br>
+ CON TEMPT' I BLE, despicable.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ THE PETULANT MAN.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ OSBORNE.
+ </p>
+ <span class="center">
+ MR. GRIM&mdash;MICHAEL&mdash;COUSIN MARY.
+ </span>
+ <p>
+ <i>Cousin Mary</i>. More breezes? What terrible thing has
+ happened now, Cousin Grim? What's the matter?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Grim</i>. Matter enough, I should think! I sent this
+ stupid fellow to bring me a pair of boots from the closet;
+ and he has brought me two rights, instead of a right and
+ left.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Cousin</i>. What a serious calamity! But, perhaps, he
+ thought it was but <i>right</i> to leave the <i>left</i>.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Grim</i>. None of your jokes, if you please. This is
+ nothing to laugh at.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Cousin</i>. So it would seem, from the expression on your
+ face,&mdash;rather something to storm at, roar at, and fall
+ into a frenzy about.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Michael</i>. That's right, Miss; give him a piece of your
+ mind! He's the crossest little man I have met with in the new
+ country. You might scrape old Ireland with a fine-tooth comb,
+ and not find such another.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Grim</i>. How dare you talk to me in that style? I'll
+ discharge you this very day!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Michael</i>. I'm thinking of discharging <i>you</i>, if
+ you don't take better care of that <i>sweet temper</i> of
+ yours.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Grim</i>. Leave the room, sir!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Michael</i>. That I will, in search of better company,
+ saving the lady's presence.
+ </p>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ [<i>Exit.</i>
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Grim</i>. There, cousin! there is a specimen of my
+ provocations! Can you wonder at my losing my temper?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Cousin</i>. Cousin Grim, that would be the most
+ <i>fortunate</i> thing that could befall you.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Grim</i>. What do you mean?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Cousin</i>. I mean, if you could only <i>lose that
+ temper</i> of yours, it would be a blessed thing for you;
+ though I should pity the poor fellow who <i>found it.</i>
+ <i>Grim</i>. You are growing satirical in your old age,
+ Cousin Mary.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Cousin</i>. Cousin Grim, hear the plain truth; your ill
+ temper makes you a nuisance to yourself and every body about
+ you.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Grim</i>. Really, Miss Mary Somerville, you are getting to
+ be complimentary!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Cousin</i>. No; I am getting to be <i>candid</i>. I have
+ passed a week in your house, on your invitation. I leave you
+ this afternoon; but, before I go, I mean to speak my mind.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Grim</i>. It seems to me that you have spoken it rather
+ freely already.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Cousin</i>. What was there, in the circumstance of poor
+ Michael's bringing you the wrong boots, to justify your
+ flying into a rage, and bellowing as if your life had been
+ threatened?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Grim</i>. That fellow is perpetually making just such
+ provoking blunders!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Cousin</i>. And do you never make provoking blunders'?
+ Didn't you send me five pounds of Hyson tea, when I wrote for
+ Souchong'? Didn't you send a carriage for me to the cars,
+ half an hour too late, so that I had to hire one myself,
+ after great trouble'? And did I roar at you, when we met,
+ because you had done these things'?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Grim</i>. On the contrary, this is the first time you have
+ alluded to them. I am sorry they should have happened. But
+ surely you should make a <i>distinction</i> between any such
+ little oversight of mine, and the stupidity of a servant,
+ hired to attend to your orders.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Cousin</i>. I do not admit that there should be a
+ distinction. You are both human; only, as you have had the
+ better education, and the greater advantages, stupidity or
+ neglect on your part, is much the more culpable.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Grim</i>. Thank you! Go on.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Cousin</i>. I mean to; so don't be impatient. If an
+ uncooked potato, or a burnt mutton-chop, happens to fall to
+ your lot at the dinner-table, what a tempest follows! One
+ would think you had been wronged, insulted, trampled on,
+ driven to despair. Your face is like a thunder-cloud, all the
+ rest of the meal. Your poor wife endeavors to hide her tears.
+ Your children feel timid and miserable. Your guest feels as
+ if she would like to see you held under the nose of the pump,
+ and thoroughly ducked.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Grim</i>. The carriage is waiting for you, Miss
+ Somerville, and the driver has put on your baggage.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Cousin</i>. I have hired that carriage by the hour, and so
+ am in no hurry. Your excuse for your irritability will be, I
+ suppose, that it is <i>constitutional</i>, and not to be
+ controlled. A selfish, paltry, miserable excuse! I have
+ turned down a leaf in Dr. Johnson's works, and will read what
+ he says in regard to tempers like yours.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Grim</i>. You are always quoting Dr. Johnson! Cousin, I
+ can not endure it! Dr. Johnson is a bore!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Cousin</i>. Oh, yes! to <i>evil-doers</i>,&mdash;but to
+ none else. Hear him: "There is in the world a class of
+ mortals known, and contentedly known, by the appellation of
+ <i>passionate men</i>, who imagine themselves entitled, by
+ this distinction, to be provoked on every slight occasion,
+ and to vent their rage in vehement and fierce vociferations,
+ in furious menaces, and licentious reproaches."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Grim</i>. That will do.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Cousin</i>. "Men of this kind," he tells us, "are often
+ pitied rather than censured, and are not treated with the
+ severity which their neglect of the ease of all about them,
+ might justly provoke." But he adds: "It is surely not to be
+ observed without indignation, that men may be found of minds
+ mean enough to be satisfied with this treatment; wretches who
+ are proud to obtain the privilege of madmen,
+ and&mdash;&mdash;"
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Grim</i>. I will hear no more! Have done!
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Cousin</i>. So the shaft went home! I am not sorry.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Grim</i>. No one but a meddlesome old maid would think of
+ insulting a man in his own house.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Cousin</i>. So, when, at a loss for a vindication, you
+ reproach me with being an old maid! Cousin, it does not
+ distress me, either to be an old maid, or to be called one. I
+ must, however, remark, that the manhood that can charge
+ against a woman her single state, either as a matter of
+ ridicule or reproach, is not quite up to my standard.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Grim</i>. Cousin Mary, I ask your pardon! But am I,
+ indeed, the petulant, disagreeable fellow, you would make me
+ out?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Cousin</i>. My dear Caspar, you are generous enough in
+ large things; but, oh! consider that <i>trifles make up a
+ good portion of the sum of life</i>; and so "<i>a small
+ unkindness is a great offense</i>." Why not be cheerful,
+ sunny, genial, in little things? Why not look on the bright
+ side? Why not present an unruffled front to petty annoyances?
+ Why not labor,&mdash;ay, labor,&mdash;to have those around
+ you happy and contented, by reflecting from yourself such a
+ frame of mind upon them?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ Life is short, at the best; why not make it cheerful? Do you
+ know that longevity is promoted by a tranquil, happy habit of
+ thought and temper'? Do you know that cheerfulness, like
+ mercy, is twice blessed; blessing "him that gives, and him
+ that takes'?" Do you know that good manners, as well as good
+ sense, demand that we should look at objects on their bright
+ side'? Do you know that it is contemptible selfishness in you
+ to shed gloom and sorrow over a whole family by your
+ moroseness and ill-humor'?
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Grim</i>. Cousin Mary, the patience with which I have
+ listened to your cutting remarks, will prove to you, I hope,
+ that, notwithstanding my angry retorts, I am convinced there
+ is much truth in what you have said of me. I have a favor to
+ ask. Send away your carriage; stay a week longer,&mdash;a
+ month,&mdash;a year, if you will. Hold the lash over this
+ ugly temper of mine,&mdash;and I give you my word that I will
+ set about the cure of it in earnest.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Cousin</i>. You should have begun earlier,&mdash;in youth,
+ when the temper is pliable, and strong impressions can work
+ great changes. But we will not despair. I will tarry with you
+ a while, just to see if you are serious in your wish for a
+ reformation, and to help you bring it about.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ <i>Grim</i>. Thank you. We hear of reformed drunkards, and
+ reformed thieves; and <i>why may not a petulant temper be
+ reformed</i>, but a system of total abstinence from all
+ harsh, unkind moods and expressions? Come, we will try.
+ </p>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. At what was Mr. Grim offended? 2. What
+ did Cousin Mary say would be fortunate for him? 3. What
+ blunder had Mr. Grim made? 4. How did he often behave at the
+ table? 5. What does Dr. Johnson say of such men? 6. What did
+ Cousin Mary finally say to him? 7. Of what was he convinced?
+ 8. What did he resolve to do?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson116"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CXVI.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ SAC' RI FICE, religious offering.<br>
+ STRAIGHT, immediately.<br>
+ SCUR' VY, low; mean.<br>
+ SCRU' PLE, hesitate.<br>
+ EN DURE', suffer'; tolerate.<br>
+ IM PURE, filthy; unclean.<br>
+ UT TER LY, entirely; completely.<br>
+ BLEM' ISH, defect; deformity.<br>
+ WA' VER ED, hesitated.<br>
+ IM PAR' TIAL, just; free from bias.<br>
+ RE FER', leave to another.<br>
+ PAR' DON, forgive.<br>
+ GHEE, kind of butter used in India.<br>
+ DIS TRUST' ING, suspecting.<br>
+ PAL PA BLE, obvious; evident.<br>
+ LAUD' ING, praising.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ THE BRAHMIN AND THE ROGUES.
+ </h4>
+ <p>
+ [Footnote: The fable, here thrown into verse, is related in
+ English prose by Macaulay, who says:&mdash;"Thus, or nearly
+ thus, if we remember rightly, runs the story of the Sanscrit
+ Aesop."]
+ </p>
+ <h4>
+ AN EASTERN FABLE.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ VERSIFIED BY J.N. McELLIGOTT.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+ 1. A Brahmin went out, the legends say,
+ To buy him a sheep a certain day;
+ For he had solemnly vowed to slay,
+ In sacrifice, a sheep that day,
+ And wanted a sheep his vow to pay.
+ Three neighboring rogues
+ (The cunning dogs!)
+ Finding this out,
+ Went straight about
+ (Moved, I ween, by the very Old Nick,)
+ To play the Brahmin a scurvy trick.
+ 2. So one of them met him with the cry:&mdash;
+ "O Brahmin! O Brahmin! won't you buy
+ A beautiful sheep? for here have I
+ A beautiful sheep for sacrifice,
+ As ever was seen by mortal eyes."
+ 3. "Where is your sheep?" replied the Brahmin;
+ "Bring him out here, and let me examine."
+ With that the wag
+ Opened a bag,
+ And out he drew
+ To public view
+ An ugly, dirty, horrible dog!
+ Blind as a bat, and lame as a frog;
+ With a broken leg, climbing a log.
+ Or limping slowly over a bog.
+ 4. "Wretch!" said the Brahmin indignant, "who
+ Shamelessly utterest things untrue,
+ And dost without a scruple endure
+ To handle creatures the most impure,
+ How darest thou call that cur a sheep?
+ Do you think, foul knave, that I'm asleep?"
+ 5. "<i>Cur'!</i>" said the fellow with steady tone;
+ "A <i>sheep</i> it is, and a sheep alone;
+ A sheep (see here, what a splendid fleece!)
+ With flesh the sweetest, and fat as grease;
+ And such a prize
+ For sacrifice,
+ As neither gods nor men can despise,
+ Unless they both have dust in their eyes!"
+ "Sir," said the Brahmin, surprised to find
+ A person so utterly out of his mind,
+ "'Tis certain that <i>you</i> or <i>I</i> am blind."
+ 6. Then stepping up,
+ Patting the pup,
+ Rogue the second, as if amazed,
+ While on the dog he steadily gazed,
+ Exclaims aloud:&mdash;"The gods be praised!
+ Since I've no need to market to go
+ To buy me a sheep; for here's one so
+ From spot and blemish perfectly free,
+ That better could not possibly be.
+ Isn't it nice?
+ What's your price?"
+ 7. The Brahmin, seeing this singular thing,
+ Wavered in mind, like one in a swing;
+ Yet answered the stranger, firmly,&mdash;"Sir,
+ This isn't a sheep, but only a cur."
+ "<i>Cur</i>?" with disdain, the new-comer said;
+ "Why, man, you're surely out of your head!"
+ 8. As this occurred,
+ Came rogue the third,
+ To whom, as being a witness new,
+ And likely to take impartial view,
+ Brahmin proposed at once to refer,
+ Whether the creature was <i>sheep</i> or <i>cur</i>.
+ All being agreed, the eager priest
+ Said:&mdash;"Stranger, what do you call this beast?"
+ "A <i>sheep</i>, to be sure!" the knave replied;
+ "As fine a sheep as ever you spied."
+ 9. "Well," said the Brahmin, "the gods this day
+ Have surely taken my senses away!"
+ Then begging the rogue
+ That carried the dog,
+ To pardon him for doubting his word,
+ He, with a readiness most absurd,
+ Purchased the creature with rice and ghee,
+ Which went, of course, to the worthless three,
+ And which they shared with wonderful glee.
+10. Thus taken in,
+ The poor Brahmin
+ Offered it up,
+ The filthy pup,
+ Which so offended the gods, that they
+ Sent sore disease his folly to pay:
+ Thinking it right the man to chastise
+ For so distrusting his natural eyes,
+ And being led by palpable lies
+ To offer a dog as a sacrifice.
+MORAL.
+ Look out for the arts of the puffing tribe,&mdash;
+ People that praise for the sake of a bribe;
+ Lavishly lauding a book or a pill,
+ Or any thing else the pocket to fill;
+ Singing Simplicity fast asleep,
+ And making her dream a dog's a sheep.
+</pre>
+ <p class="question">
+ QUESTIONS.&mdash;1. What trick did the three rogues play off
+ on the Brahmin? 2. In what way did they do this? 3. What
+ moral is taught in this fable?
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson117"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CXVII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ E LAS TIC' I TY, returning vigor.<br>
+ MIN' I FIES, lessens; makes small.<br>
+ DEG RA DA' TION, abasement.<br>
+ ES TRANGED, alienates.<br>
+ UN ALMS' ED, not having received alms.<br>
+ HA BIT' U AL, accustomed.<br>
+ EX TRAV' A GANCE, superfluous expense.<br>
+ IM PER' TI NENCE, that which is not pertinent.<br>
+ SUS PI' CIOUS, distrustful.<br>
+ E CON' O MY, frugality.<br>
+ TRAN' QUIL, calm; undisturbed.<br>
+ BE NUMB' ING, dull; stupefying.<br>
+ IM PROV' I DENCE, wastefulness.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ LIVING WITHIN OUR MEANS.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ S.W. PARTRIDGE.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+1. <i>Oh, beware of debt</i>!
+ It crushes out the manhood of a man,
+ Robs his bright eye of boldness, cheats his limbs
+ Of elasticity, unnerves his hand,
+ Beclouds his judgment, dulls his intellect,
+ Perils his uprightness, and stains his name,
+ And minifies him to his fellow-men;
+ Yea, far worse degradation, to himself.
+2. Who hath the hurried step, the anxious eye,
+ Avoids the public haunt and open street,
+ And anxious waits for evening? Restlessly
+ Tosses upon his bed, and dreads the approach
+ Of the tell-tale morning sunlight? Who, unmanned,
+ Starts at the sudden knock, and shrinks with dread
+ E'en at his own shadow; shuns with care
+ The stranger's look, skulks from his fellow's glance,
+ And sees in every man a creditor?
+3. The <i>debtor</i>;&mdash;he is only half a man;
+ He saddens and estranges his chief friends,
+ Burdens his dearest relatives; he hears
+ In vain the stranger's tale, the widow's prayer,
+ And sends away the orphan all unalmsed.
+ None dare to place him in a post of trust,
+ And business men regard him with a shrug.
+4. "Owe no man aught." Stand in the world erect,
+ And lean alone upon thyself and God.
+ The habitual borrower will be ever found
+ Wicked, or weak, or both. Sweat, study, stint,
+ Yea, rather <i>any thing</i> than meanly owe.
+ Let thine own honest hands feed thee and thine,
+ And, if not thy friend's purse, at least, respect
+ Thine own sweet independence.
+5. Have fewest wants: the book, however good,
+ Thou shouldst not purchase, let it go unbought;
+ And fashion's vests by thee be all unworn.
+ Soon luxuries become necessities,
+ But self-denying thrift more joy affords
+ Than all the pleasures of extravagance.
+ A cottage, free from clamorous creditors,
+ Is better than a mansion dunned; a coat,
+ However darned, if paid for, hath an ease,
+ And a respectability beside:
+ Gay, ill-afforded vests can never boast.
+6. However cheap,
+ Whatever thou want'st not, buy not. That is dear,
+ A mere extravagant impertinence,
+ For which thou hast no need. Feel first the want
+ Ere it be satisfied; bargains full oft
+ Are money-wasting things, that prudent men
+ Will keep afar from with suspicious eye;
+ Perchance to any but of little use,
+ And to themselves, most likely, none at all.
+7. The habit of economy once formed,
+ 'Tis easy to attain to prosperous things.
+ Thou then shalt lend, not borrow: shalt not want
+ A helping trifle when thy friend hath need,
+ Or means to seize an opportunity,&mdash;
+ Seed-coin, to ensure a harvest. Thou shalt then
+ Want not an alms for pinching poverty;
+ And, though a sudden sickness dam the stream,
+ And cut off thy supplies, thou shalt lie down
+ And view thy morrows with a tranquil eye;
+ Even benumbing age shall scare thee not,
+ But find thee unindebted, and secure
+ From all the penury and wretchedness
+ That dog the footsteps of improvidence.
+</pre>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson118"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CXVIII.
+ </h3>
+ <div class="vocab">
+ OM NIP' O TENT, all-powerful.<br>
+ IN TER' MI NA BLE, endless.<br>
+ MILK Y-WAY, galaxy; luminous circle in the heavens.<br>
+ AS' TRAL, starry.<br>
+ IN FIN' I TUDE, unlimited extent.<br>
+ IM PET' U OUS, rushing.<br>
+ AS TRON O MER, one skilled in the science of the stars.<br>
+ AP PROX' I MATE LY, nearly.<br>
+ OM NIS' CIENCE, knowledge of all things.<br>
+ PER TUR BA' TIONS, irregularities of motion.<br>
+ AB' SO LUTE, entire.<br>
+ PRE CIS' ION, exactness.<br>
+ AD JUST' MENTS, arrangements.<br>
+ RET' I NUE, company.<br>
+ SAT' EL LITES, small planets revolving round others.
+ </div>
+ <h4>
+ GRANDEUR OF THE UNIVERSE.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ O.M. MITCHEL.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. If you would know the <i>glory</i> of the Omnipotent Ruler
+ of the universe, examine the interminable range of suns and
+ systems which crowd the Milky-Way. Multiply the hundred
+ millions of stars which belong to our own "island universe"
+ by the thousands of these astral systems that exist in space,
+ within the range of human vision, and <i>then</i> you may
+ form some idea of the <i>infinitude</i> of His kingdom; for
+ lo! these are but a part of His ways.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. Examine the scale on which the universe is built.
+ Comprehend, if you can, the vast dimensions of our sun.
+ Stretch outward through his system, from planet to planet,
+ and circumscribe the whole within the immense circumference
+ of Neptune's orbit. This is but a single unit out of the
+ myriads of similar systems.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. Take the wings of light, and flash with impetuous speed,
+ day and night, and month, and year, till youth shall wear
+ away, and middle age is gone, and the extremest limit of
+ human life has been attained;&mdash;count every pulse, and,
+ at each, speed on your way a hundred thousand miles; and when
+ a hundred years have rolled by, look out, and behold! the
+ thronging millions of blazing suns are still around you, each
+ separated from the other by such a distance, that, in this
+ journey of a century, you have only left half a score behind
+ you.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. Would you gather some idea of the <i>eternity</i> past of
+ God's existence,&mdash;go to the astronomer, and bid him lead
+ you in one of his walks through space; and, as he sweeps
+ outward from object to object, from universe to universe,
+ remember that the light from those filmy stains on the deep
+ pure blue of heaven, now falling on your eye, has been
+ traversing space for a million of years.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. Would you gather some knowledge of the <i>omnipotence</i>
+ of God,&mdash;weigh the earth on which we dwell, then count
+ the millions of its inhabitants that have come and gone for
+ the last six thousand years. Unite their strength into one
+ arm, and test its power in an effort to move this earth. It
+ could not stir it a single foot in a thousand years; and yet
+ under the omnipotent hand of God, not a minute passes that it
+ does not fly more than a thousand miles.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. But this is a mere atom,&mdash;the most insignificant
+ point among his innumerable worlds. At his bidding, every
+ planet, and satellite, and comet, and the sun himself, fly
+ onward in their appointed courses. His single arm guides the
+ millions of sweeping suns, and around His throne circles the
+ great constellation of unnumbered universes.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. Would you comprehend the idea of the <i>omniscience</i> of
+ God,&mdash;remember that the highest pinnacle of knowledge
+ reached by the whole human race, by the combined efforts of
+ its brightest intellects, has enabled the astronomer to
+ compute approximately the perturbations of the planetary
+ worlds. He has predicted roughly the return of half a score
+ of comets. But God has computed the mutual perturbations of
+ millions of suns, and planets, and comets, and worlds,
+ without number, through the ages that are passed, and
+ throughout the ages which are yet to come, not approximately,
+ but with perfect and absolute precision.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. The universe is in motion,&mdash;system rising above
+ system, cluster above cluster, nebula above nebula,&mdash;all
+ majestically sweeping around under the providence of God, who
+ alone knows the end from the beginning, and before whose
+ glory and power all intelligent beings, whether in heaven or
+ on earth, should bow with humility and awe.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. Would you gain some idea of the <i>wisdom</i> of
+ God,&mdash;look to the admirable adjustments of the
+ magnificent retinue of planets and satellites which sweep
+ around the sun. Every globe has been weighed and poised,
+ every orbit has been measured and bent to its beautiful form.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 10. All is changing; but the laws fixed by the wisdom of God,
+ though they permit the rocking to and fro of the system,
+ never introduce disorder, or lead to destruction. All is
+ perfect and harmonious, and the music of the spheres that
+ burn and roll around our sun, is echoed by that of ten
+ millions of moving worlds, that sing and shine around the
+ bright suns that reign above.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 11. If, overwhelmed with the grandeur and majesty of the
+ universe of God, we are led to exclaim with the Hebrew
+ poet-king,&mdash;"When I consider Thy heavens, the work of
+ Thy fingers, the moon and the stars, which Thou hast
+ ordained, what is man, that Thou art mindful of him? and the
+ son of man, that Thou visitest him?"&mdash;If fearful that
+ the eye of God may overlook us in the immensity of His
+ kingdom, we have only to call to mind that other passage,
+ "Yet Thou hast made him but a little lower than the angels,
+ and hast crowned him with glory and honor. Thou madest him to
+ have dominion over all the works of Thy hand; Thou hast put
+ all things under his feet." Such are the teachings of the
+ word, and such are the lessons of the works of God.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson119"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CXIX.
+ </h3>
+ <h4>
+ "WHOM HAVE I IN HEAVEN BUT THEE?"
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ MISS PAMELIA S. VINING.
+ </p>
+ <pre>
+1. 'Twere naught to me, yon glorious arch of night,
+ Decked with the gorgeous blazonry of heaven,
+ If, to my faith, amid its splendors bright,
+ No vision of the Eternal One were given;
+ I could but view a dreary, soulless waste,&mdash;
+ A vast expanse of solitude unknown,
+ More cheerless for the splendors o'er it cast,&mdash;
+ For all its grandeur more intensely lone.
+2. 'Twere naught to me, this ever-changeful scene
+ Of earthly beauty, sunshine, and delight,&mdash;
+ The wood's deep shadows and the valley's green,&mdash;
+ Morn's tender glow, and sunset's splendors bright;
+ Naught, if my Father spoke not from the sky,
+ The cloud, the flower, the landscape, and the leaf;
+ My soul would pine 'mid earth's vain pageantry,
+ And droop in hopeless orphanage and grief.
+3. 'Twere naught to me, the ocean's vast expanse,
+ If His perfections were not mirrored there;
+ Hopeless across the unmeasured waste I'd glance,
+ And clasp my hands in anguish, not in prayer.
+ Naught Nature's anthem, ever swelling up
+ From Nature's myriad voices; for the hymn
+ Breathes not of love, or gratitude, or hope,
+ Robbed of the tones that tell my soul of Him.
+4. This wondrous universe how less than naught
+ Without my God! how desolate and drear!
+ A mock'ry, earth with her vain splendors fraught!
+ A gilded pageant, every rolling sphere!
+ The noonday sun with all his glories crowned,
+ A sickly meteor glimmers faint and pale!
+ And all earth's melodies, their sweetness drowned,
+ Are but the utterance of a funeral wail.
+</pre>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson120"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CXX.
+ </h3>
+ <h4>
+ THE MEMORY OF WASHINGTON.
+ </h4>
+ <p class="rauth">
+ KOSSUTH.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 1. Mr. President: I consider it a particular favor of
+ Providence that I am permitted to partake, on the present
+ solemn occasion, in paying the tribute of honor and gratitude
+ to the memory of your immortal Washington.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 2. An architect having raised a proud and noble building to
+ the service of the Almighty, his admirers desired to erect a
+ monument to his memory. How was it done? His name was
+ inscribed upon the wall, with these additional words: "You
+ seek his monument&mdash;look around."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 3. Let him who looks for a monument of Washington look around
+ the United States. The whole country is a monument to him.
+ Your freedom, your independence, your national power, your
+ prosperity, and your prodigious growth, is a monument to
+ Washington.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 4. There is no room left for panegyric, none especially to a
+ stranger whom you had full reason to charge with arrogance,
+ were he able to believe that his feeble voice could claim to
+ be noticed in the mighty harmony of a nation's praise. Let
+ me, therefore, instead of such an arrogant attempt, pray that
+ that God, to whose providential intentions Washington was a
+ glorious instrument, may impart to the people of the United
+ States the same wisdom for the conservation of the present
+ prosperity of the land and for its future security, which he
+ gave to Washington for the foundation of it.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 5. I yield to nobody in the world in reverence and respect to
+ the immortal memory of Washington. His life and his
+ principles were the guiding star of my life; to that star I
+ looked up for inspiration and advice, during the vicissitudes
+ of my stormy life. Hence I drew that devotion to my country
+ and to the cause of national freedom, which you, gentlemen,
+ and millions of your fellow-citizens, and your national
+ government, are so kind as to honor by unexampled
+ distinction.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 6. Sir, I have studied the history of your immortal
+ Washington, and have, from my early youth, considered his
+ principles as a living source of instruction to statesmen and
+ to patriots.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ When, in that very year in which Washington issued his
+ Farewell Address, M. Adet, the French Minister, presented to
+ him the flag of the French Republic, Washington, as President
+ of the United States, answered officially, with these
+ memorable words:
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ "Born in a land of liberty, having early learned its value,
+ having engaged in a perilous conflict to defend it, having
+ devoted the best years of my life to secure its permanent
+ establishment in my country, my anxious recollections, my
+ sympathetic feelings, and my best wishes, are irresistibly
+ attracted, whensoever in any country I see an oppressed
+ nation unfurl the banner of freedom."
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 7. Thus spoke Washington. Have I not then full reason to say,
+ that if he were alive his generous sympathy would be with me;
+ and the sympathy of a Washington never was, and never would
+ be, a barren word. Washington, who raised the word "honesty"
+ as a rule of policy, never would have professed a sentiment
+ which his wisdom as a statesman would not have approved.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 8. Sir! here let me end. I consider it already as an immense
+ benefit that your generous attention connected the cause of
+ Hungary with the celebration of the memory of Washington.
+ </p>
+ <p>
+ 9. Spirit of the departed! smile down from heaven upon this
+ appreciation of my country's cause; watch over those
+ principles which thou hast taken for the guiding star of thy
+ noble life, and the time will yet come when not only thine
+ own country, but liberated Europe, also, will be a living
+ monument to thy immortal name.
+ </p>
+ <hr>
+ <h3>
+ <a name="lesson121"><!-- Marker --></a> LESSON CXXI.
+ </h3>
+ <h4>
+ THE LOST ONE'S LAMENT.
+ </h4>
+ <pre>
+1. Oh! the snow, the beautiful snow,
+ Filling the sky and earth below;
+ Over the housetops, over the street,
+ Over the heads of the people you meet,
+ Dancing,
+ Flirting,
+ Skimming along!
+ Beautiful snow! it can do no wrong.
+ Flying to kiss a fair lady's cheek,
+ Clinging to lips in a frolicsome freak,
+ Beautiful snow from the Heaven above,
+ Pure as an angel, gentle as love!
+2. Oh! the snow, the beautiful snow,
+ How the flakes gather and laugh as they go?
+ Whirling about in its maddening fun,
+ It plays in its glee with every one;
+ Chasing,
+ Laughing,
+ Hurrying by,
+ It lights on the face and it sparkles the eye!
+ And even the dogs, with a bark and a bound,
+ Snap at the crystals that eddy around.
+ The town is alive, and its heart in a glow
+ To welcome the coming of beautiful snow.
+3. How wild the crowd goes swaying along,
+ Hailing each other with humor and song!
+ How the gay sledges, like meteors, flash by,
+ Bright for the moment, then lost to the eye!
+ Ringing,
+ Swinging,
+ Dashing they go
+ Over the crust of the beautiful snow;
+ Snow so pure when it falls from the sky,
+ To be trampled in mud by the crowd rushing by,
+ To be trampled and tracked by thousands of feet,
+ Till it blends with the filth in the horrible street
+4. How strange it should be that this beautiful snow,
+ Should fall on a sinner with nowhere to go!
+ How strange it should be, when the night comes again
+ If the snow and the ice struck my desperate brain!
+ Fainting,
+ Freezing,
+ Dying alone,
+ Too wicked for prayer, too weak for a moan
+ To be heard in the crazy town,
+ Gone mad in the joy of the snow coming down;
+ To lie and so die, in my terrible woe,
+ With a bed and a shroud of the beautiful snow!
+</pre>
+
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+Project Gutenberg's Sanders' Union Fourth Reader, by Charles W. Sanders
+
+Copyright laws are changing all over the world. Be sure to check the
+copyright laws for your country before downloading or redistributing
+this or any other Project Gutenberg eBook.
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+This header should be the first thing seen when viewing this Project
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+**Welcome To The World of Free Plain Vanilla Electronic Texts**
+
+**eBooks Readable By Both Humans and By Computers, Since 1971**
+
+*****These eBooks Were Prepared By Thousands of Volunteers!*****
+
+
+Title: Sanders' Union Fourth Reader
+
+Author: Charles W. Sanders
+
+Release Date: October, 2005 [EBook #9078]
+[Yes, we are more than one year ahead of schedule]
+[This file was first posted on September 3, 2003]
+
+Edition: 10
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SANDERS' UNION FOURTH READER ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by David Garcia, Tonya Allen, Charles Franks,
+and the Distributed Proofreaders
+
+
+
+
+SANDERS' UNION FOURTH READER:
+
+EMBRACING A FULL EXPOSITION OF THE PRINCIPLES OF RHETORICAL READING;
+
+WITH NUMEROUS EXERCISES FOR PRACTICE,
+
+BOTH IN PROSE AND POETRY, VARIOUS IN STYLE, AND CAREFULLY ADAPTED TO THE
+PURPOSES OF TEACHING IN SCHOOLS OF EVERY GRADE.
+
+BY CHARLES W. SANDERS, A.M.
+
+
+
+
+PREFACE.
+
+THIS FOURTH READER is designed to pass the pupil from the comparatively
+easy ground occupied by the THIRD to the more difficult course embraced
+in THE UNION FIFTH READER, which is next higher in the series. It is,
+therefore, carefully graded to this intermediate position.
+
+In one sense, however, it is the most important in the set; since the
+great mass of pupils, in our common schools, are drawn away from
+scholastic pursuits long before the proper time for entering upon any
+course of reading more advanced than that which is here presented. This
+consideration has had its full weight in the preparation of the
+following pages.
+
+Every exercise will be found to bear the impress of that special
+adaptation to the purposes of teaching, without which no book of this
+kind can fully perform the office which it assumes. The labor expended
+in this direction, though all unseen by the casual observer, has been
+neither light nor brief. It can be duly appreciated by none but the
+experienced teacher.
+
+All words in the exercises, requiring explanation, have been arranged,
+as regular lessons in spelling and definition. In these definitions,
+however, it must be kept in mind, that no attempt has been made to give
+_all the meanings of which a word is susceptible, but that only which it
+bears in the particular place in the exercise where it is found._ There
+is a special educational advantage in thus leading the mind of the pupil
+definitely to fix upon the _precise import_ of a word, in some
+particular use or application of it.
+
+All proper names occurring in the text, and at all likely to embarrass
+the learner, have been explained in brief, comprehensive notes. These
+notes involve many matters, Geographical, Biographical, and Historical,
+which are not a little interesting in themselves, aside from the special
+purpose subserved by them in the present connection.
+
+All this has been done, and more, in order to secure that kind of
+interest in the exercises which comes of reading what is clearly
+understood; and because no perfect reading is possible, where the reader
+himself fails to perceive the meaning of what he reads.
+
+In the selection and adaptation of the pieces, the highest aim has been
+to make and to leave the best moral impression; and this, not by dull
+and formal teachings, but by the pleasanter, and, therefore, more
+powerful, means of incidental and unexpected suggestion. Admonition is
+then most likely to be heeded, when it comes through the channel of
+events and circumstances.
+
+The direct and ostensible aim of the book, however, has been kept
+steadily in view; which is to furnish the best possible exercises for
+practice in Rhetorical reading. To this end, the greatest variety of
+style and sentiment has been sought. There is scarcely a tone or
+modulation, of which the human voice is capable, that finds not here
+some piece adapted precisely to its best expression. There is not an
+inflection, however delicate, not an emphasis, however slight, however
+strong, that does not here meet with something fitted well for its
+amplest illustration. No tenderness of pathos, no earnestness of
+thought, no play of wit, no burst of passion, is there, perhaps, of
+which the accomplished teacher of Elocution may not find the proper
+style of expression in these pages, and, consequently, the best examples
+for the illustration of his art.
+
+The book, thus briefly described, is, therefore, given to the public
+with the same confidence that has hitherto inspired the author in
+similar efforts, and with the hope that it may reach even a higher
+measure of usefulness than that attained by any of its predecessors, in
+the long line of works which he has prepared for the use of schools.
+
+NEW YORK, April, 1863.
+
+
+
+
+CONTENTS.
+
+
+PART FIRST.
+ELOCUTION.
+
+SECTION I.--ARTICULATION
+
+ ELEMENTARY SOUNDS OF THE LETTERS
+
+ SUBSTITUTES FOR THE VOWEL ELEMENTS
+
+ SUBSTITUTES FOR THE CONSONANT ELEMENTS
+
+ ERRORS IN ARTICULATION
+
+ COMBINATIONS OF CONSONANTS
+
+ EXAMPLES TO ILLUSTRATE INDISTINCT ARTICULATION
+
+ MISCELLANEOUS EXAMPLES
+
+SECTION II--ACCENT AND EMPHASIS
+
+ EXAMPLES OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY ACCENT
+
+ EXAMPLES OF INTENSIVE EMPHASIS
+
+ EXAMPLES OF ABSOLUTE EMPHASIS
+
+ EXAMPLES OF ANTITHETIC EMPHASIS
+
+SECTION III.--INFLECTIONS
+
+ MONOTONE
+
+ RISING AND FALLING INFLECTIONS
+
+ RULES FOR THE USE OF INFLECTIONS
+
+ THE CIRCUMFLEX
+
+SECTION IV.--MODULATION
+
+ PITCH OF VOICE
+
+ QUANTITY
+
+ RULES FOR QUANTITY
+
+ QUALITY
+
+ RULES FOR QUALITY
+
+NOTATION IN MODULATION
+
+ EXAMPLES FOR EXERCISE IN MODULATION
+
+ SECTION V.--THE RHETORICAL PAUSE
+
+
+
+
+PART SECOND.
+
+1. TRUE HEROISM, _Adapted. Osborne_
+
+2. YOU AND I, _Charles Mackay_
+
+3. LIFE'S WORK
+
+4. THE YOUNG CAPTIVES
+
+5. MY MOTHER'S LAST KISS, _Mrs. E. Oakes Smith_
+
+6. THE DEAD CHILD'S FORD, _Mrs. E. Oakes Smith_
+
+7. LAME AND LAZY--_A Fable_
+
+8. FAITHFULNESS IN LITTLE THINGS, _Adapted, Eliza A. Chase_
+
+9. THE AMERICAN BOY
+
+10. THE SAILOR BOY'S SONG
+
+11. CHASE OF THE PET FAWN, _Adapted. Miss Cooper_
+
+12. KINDNESS
+
+13. CARELESS WORDS
+
+14. WEBSTER AND THE WOODCHUCK, _Adapted. Boston Traveler_
+
+15. DO IT YOURSELF
+
+16. BETTER LATE THAN NEVER
+
+17. THE ADOPTED CHILD, _Mrs. Hemans_
+
+18. THE OLD EAGLE TREE, _Rev. John Todd_
+
+19. THE LIGHT OF KNOWLEDGE, _Elihu Burritt_
+
+20. NIGHT'S LESSONS, _L.H. Sigourney_
+
+21. NATURE'S TEACHINGS, _Chambers' Journal_
+
+22. SOWING AND HARVESTING, _Anon._
+
+23. A THRILLING INCIDENT, _Adapted. Anon._
+
+24. THE TRUTHFUL KING
+
+25. WHEN SHALL I ANSWER, NO, _J.N. McElligott_
+
+26. TO MASTER ROBERT AND JOHN, _Davis_
+
+27. WHANG, THE MILLER, _Goldsmith_
+
+28. CHIMNEY-SWALLOWS, _Henry Ward Beecher_
+
+29. THE DOUBTING HEART, _Adelaide Procter_
+
+30. THE COMING OF WINTER, _T.B. Read_
+
+31. CHILD TIRED OF PLAY, _N.P. Willis_
+
+32. THE RESCUE, _By a Sea Captain_
+
+33. ROBERT BRUCE AND THE SCOTCH WOMAN
+
+34. ROBERT BRUCE AND THE SPIDER, _Bernard Barton_
+
+35. WEALTH AND FASHION
+
+36. MY FIRST JACK-KNIFE
+
+37. THE PINE-TREE SHILLINGS, _Nathaniel Hawthorne_
+
+38. HIAWATHA'S HUNTING, _Longfellow_
+
+39. DESPERATE ENCOUNTER WITH A PANTHER, _Bk. of Adventures_
+
+40. THE POWER OF HABIT, _John B. Gough_
+
+41. THE DRUNKARD'S DAUGHTER
+
+42. THE TWO YOUNG TRAVELERS, _Adapted. Merry's Museum_
+
+43. HIGHER!
+
+44. LABOR, _Caroline F. Orne_
+
+45. THE AMBITIOUS APPRENTICE
+
+46. SO WAS FRANKLIN, _Anon._
+
+47. NOW AND THEN, _Jane Taylor_
+
+48. AN INGENIOUS STRATAGEM, _Days of Washington_
+
+49. FRANCES SLOCUM, THE YOUNG CAPTIVE, _B.J. Lossing_
+
+50. THE RAIN-DROPS, _Delia Louise Colton_
+
+51. SMALL THINGS, _F. Bennoch_
+
+52. MURDERER'S CREEK, _James K. Paulding_
+
+53. NAPOLEON'S ARMY CROSSING THE ALPS, _Adapted. Anon._
+
+54. WHERE THERE'S A WILL THERE'S A WAY, _Eliza Cook_
+
+55. "I CAN"
+
+56. NOW, TO-DAY, _Adelaide A. Procter_
+
+57. CAPTURE OF MAJOR ANDRE
+
+58. BENEDICT ARNOLD
+
+59. BEHIND TIME, _Freeman Hunt_
+
+60. HOW HAPPY I'LL BE
+
+61. THE SWORD OF BUNKER HILL, _William R. Wallace_
+
+62. BIBLE LEGEND OF THE WISSAHIKON, _Lippard_
+
+63. ADVICE TO THE YOUNG, _E.H. Chapin_
+
+64. THE INTREPID YOUTH
+
+65. THE FOUR MISFORTUNES, _John G. Saxe_
+
+66. MRS. CREDULOUS AND THE FORTUNE-TELLER
+
+67. FAITH, HOPE, AND CHARITY--_An Allegory_
+
+68. NOT TO MYSELF ALONE, _S.W. Partridge_
+
+69. THE WORLD WOULD BE THE BETTER FOR IT, _W.H. Cobb_
+
+70. SELECT PROVERBS OF SOLOMON, _Bible_
+
+71. WINTER BEAUTY, _Henry Ward Beecher_
+
+72. FROSTED TREES
+
+73. THE MOUNTAINS OF LIFE, _James G. Clark_
+
+74. IMAGINARY EVILS, _Chas. Swain_
+
+75. SIR WALTER AND THE LION, _A. Walchner_
+
+76. CHOICE EXTRACTS
+
+ I. WHAT REALLY BENEFITS US.
+ II. GOD'S LOVE.
+ III. LIFE-WORK.
+ IV. HUMILITY.
+ V. BENEFITS OF ADVERSITY.
+ VI. OUR MOUNTAIN HOMES.
+ VII. MAKE A BEGINNING.
+ VIII. INFLUENCE.
+ IX. PLEASURE IN ACQUIRING KNOWLEDGE.
+ X. WHAT IS FAME?
+ XI. CULTIVATED INTELLECT.
+ XII. GOD'S WORKS ATTEST HIS GREATNESS.
+
+77. CAPTURE OF THE WHALE
+
+78. LEAVES FROM AN AERONAUT, _Willis Gaylord Clark_
+
+79. THE DAPPLE MARE, _John G. Saxe_
+
+80. A LEAP FOR LIFE, _George P. Morris_
+
+81. THE INDIAN BRIDE'S REVENGE, _Adapted. L.M. Stowell_
+
+82. A MOTHER'S LOVE, _Albert Barnes_
+
+83. THE LIFE-BOOK, _Home Journal_
+
+84. ODE ON SOLITUDE, _Pope_
+
+85. GETTING THE RIGHT START, _J.G. Holland_
+
+86. THE PRESUMPTION OF YOUTH, _Rollin_
+
+87. SONG OF THE AMERICAN EAGLE
+
+88 THE ARMY OF REFORM, _Sarah Jane Lippincott_
+
+89. LAST CRUISE OF THE MONITOR, _Adapted. Grenville M. Weeks_
+
+90. DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF WOMEN, _Gail Hamilton_
+
+91. SCENE FROM WILLIAM TELL, _J. Sheridan Knowles_
+
+92. THE RICH MAN AND THE POOR MAN, _Khemnitzer_
+
+93. GRANDEUR OF THE OCEAN, _Walter Colton_
+
+94. A BURIAL AT SEA, _Walter Colton_
+
+95. THE TREASURES OF THE DEEP, _Mrs. Hemans_
+
+96. THE BRIDGE OF SIGHS, _Thomas Hood_
+
+97. A REQUIEM
+
+98. VISIT TO MOUNT VERNON, _A.C. Ritchie_
+
+99. LA FAYETTE, _Charles Sprague_
+
+100. THE MYSTIC WEAVER, _Rev. Dr. Harbaugh_
+
+101. WORK AWAY, _Harpers' Magazine_
+
+102. QUEEN ISABELLA'S RESOLVE, _Vinet_
+
+103. DISCOVERY OF THE NEW WORLD, _Lamartine_
+
+104. THE RETURN OF COLUMBUS, _Vinet_
+
+105. TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO, _Grenville Mellen_
+
+106. PRESS ON, _Park Benjamin_
+
+107. THE THREE FORMS OF NATURE, _From the French of Michelet_
+
+108. THE WHALE AND THE WHALER, _From the French of Michelet_
+
+109. RIENZI'S ADDRESS TO THE ROMANS, _Miss Mitford_
+
+110. SONG OF THE FORGE
+
+111. CHOICE EXTRACTS
+
+ I. SWIFTNESS OF TIME.
+ II. THE SHIP OF STATE.
+ III. THE TRUE HERO.
+ IV. HEART ESSENTIAL TO GENIUS.
+ V. EDUCATION.
+ VI. VANITY OF WEALTH.
+ VII. CONSOLATION OF THE GOSPEL.
+ VIII. THE LIGHT OF HOPE.
+ IX. PAMPERING THE BODY AND STARVING THE SOUL.
+
+112. WE ALL DO FADE AS A LEAF, _Gail Hamilton_
+
+113. TEACHINGS OF NATURE, _Pollok_
+
+114. PASSING UNDER THE ROD, _Mary S.B. Dana_
+
+115. THE PETULANT MAN, _Osborne_
+
+116. THE BRAHMIN AND THE ROGUES, _Versified by J.N. McElligott_
+
+117. LIVING WITHIN OUR MEANS, _S.W. Partridge_
+
+118. GRANDEUR OF THE UNIVERSE, _O.M. Mitchel_
+
+119. "WHOM HAVE I IN HEAVEN BUT THEE?", _Pamelia S. Vining_
+
+120. THE MEMORY OF WASHINGTON, _Kossuth_
+
+121. THE LOST ONE'S LAMENT
+
+
+
+
+EXPLANATION OF THE PAUSES.
+
+ .
+The Period is the longest pause--a full stop. It marks the end of a
+sentence, and shows the sense complete; as, The sky is blue`. Pause the
+time of counting _six_, and let the voice fall.
+
+ ?
+
+The Interrogation is used at the end of a question; as, Is the sky
+blue'? If the question can be answered by _yes_ or _no_, the voice
+rises; if not, it falls; as, Where is your map`;? Pause the time of
+counting _six_.
+
+ !
+
+The Exclamation denotes wonder, surprise, pain, or joy; as, O'! what a
+sweet rose`! Pause the time of counting _one_, after a single word, and
+let the voice rise; but after a complete sentence, pause the time of
+counting _six_, and let the voice fall.
+
+ :
+
+The Colon is a pause shorter than the Period; as, The sky is clear`: the
+sun shines. Pause the time of counting _four_, and let the voice fall.
+
+ ;
+
+The Semicolon is a pause shorter than the Colon; as, The rose is fair`;
+but it soon fades. Pause the time of counting _two_, and let the voice
+fall. Sometimes the voice should rise, as the sense may require.
+
+ ,
+
+The Comma is the shortest pause; as, Jane goes to school', and learns to
+read. Pause the time of counting _one_, and keep the voice up.
+
+ --
+
+The Dash denotes a sudden pause or change of subject; as, I saw him--but
+what a sight! When the dash is used after any other pause, the time of
+that pause is doubled.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+EXPLANATION OF OTHER MARKS.
+
+ '
+
+The Apostrophe has the form of the comma. It denotes the possessive
+case; as, John's book; also, that one or more letters have been left out
+of a word; as, lov'd for loved.
+
+ " "
+
+The Quotation includes a passage that is taken from some other author or
+speaker; as, John said: "See my kite."
+
+ ( )
+
+The Parenthesis includes words not properly a part of the main sentence;
+as, I like these people (who would not?) very much. The words within the
+parenthesis should be read in a lower tone of voice.
+
+ [ ]
+
+The Brackets inclose words that serve to explain the preceding word or
+sentence; as, James [the truthful boy] went home.
+
+ ^
+
+The Caret shows where words are to be put in that have been omitted by
+mistake; as, Live ^in peace.
+
+ (..)
+
+The Diaresis is placed over the latter of two vowels, to show that they
+belong to two distinct syllables; as, aerial.
+
+ -
+
+The Hyphen is used to connect compound words; as, Well-doing; or the
+parts of a word separated at the end of a line.
+
+ [Index]
+
+The Index points to something special or remarkable; as, => Important
+News!
+
+ *** .... or ----
+
+The Ellipsis shows that certain words or letters have been purposely
+omitted; as, K**g, k..g, or k--g, for king.
+
+ [Paragraph]
+
+The Paragraph denotes the beginning of a new subject. It is chiefly used
+in the Bible; as, [Paragraph] The same day came to him, etc.
+
+ [Section]
+
+The Section is used to divide a book or chapter into parts; as,
+[Section]45.
+
+ * [Obelisk] [Double Dagger]
+
+The Asterisk, the Obelisk, the Double Dagger, and sometimes other marks,
+[Footnote: For instance: the Section mark, [Section], and the Parallel,
+||.] refer to notes in the margin.
+
+
+
+
+APPLICATIONS OF THE MARKS USED IN WRITING.
+
+ LINE
+ 1 My Young Friends', never tell a falsehood`; but always
+
+ 2 speak the truth`; this is pleasing to your Maker.
+
+ 3 Do you read His holy word--the Bible'? O! remem-
+
+ 4 ber, that He has there said: "He that speaketh lies, shall
+
+ 5 not escape: he shall perish."* Remember, too, that the
+
+ 6 All-seeing God knows all that we say or do.
+
+
+ 7 [Paragraph] Tho' wisdom's voice is seldom heard in k--g's
+
+ 8 palaces,--there have been _wise_ kings, (_e.g._ Solomon,) who
+
+ 9 were lov'd and obey'd by their subjects.[Obelisk]
+
+
+ 10 Here, [i.e. in the U.S.,] we can not boast of our kings,
+
+ 11 princes, lords, &c.; yet we have had a PRESIDENT, who,
+
+ 12 in true greatness, surpass'ed them all; viz., the great
+
+ 13 WASHINGTON.---- [Index] Washington feared and hon-
+
+ 14 ored God.
+
+
+ 15 [S] Section, [/=] Double Dagger, and || Parallel, are also used
+
+ 16 for reference to the margin.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+ * Proverbs xix. 5 and 9. [Obelisk] 1 Kings.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+PART FIRST.
+
+ELOCUTION.
+
+Elocution is the art of delivering written or extemporaneous composition
+with force, propriety, and ease.
+
+It deals, therefore, with words, not only as individuals, but as members
+of a sentence, and parts of a connected discourse: including every thing
+necessary to the just expression of the sense. Accordingly, it demands,
+in a _special_ manner, attention to the following particulars; viz.,
+ARTICULATION, ACCENT, EMPHASIS, INFLECTION, MODULATION, and PAUSES.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+SECTION I.
+
+ARTICULATION.
+
+Articulation is the art of uttering distinctly and justly the letters
+and syllables constituting a word.
+
+It deals, therefore, with the elements of words, just as elocution deals
+with the elements of sentences: the one securing the true enunciation of
+each letter, or combination of letters, the other giving to each word,
+or combination of words, such a delivery as best expresses the meaning
+of the author. It is the basis of all good reading, and should be
+carefully practiced by the learner.
+
+
+
+ELEMENTARY SOUNDS OF THE LETTERS.
+
+VOWEL SOUNDS.
+
+TONICS.
+
+ _Element_. _Power_.
+
+ 1.--1 A as in _A_pe.
+ 2.--2 A " _A_rm.
+ 3.--3 A " _A_ll.
+ 4.--4 A " _A_t.
+ 5.--5 A " C_a_re.
+ 6.--6 A " _A_sk.
+ 7.--1 E " _E_ve.
+ 8.--2 E " _E_nd.
+ 9.--1 I " _I_ce.
+ 10.--2 I " _I_t.
+ 11.--1 O " _O_ld.
+ 12.--2 O " D_o_.
+ 13.--3 O " _O_x.
+ 14.--1 U " _U_se.
+ 15.--2 U " _U_p.
+ 16.--3 U " P_u_ll.
+ 17.--OI " O_i_l.
+ 18.--OU " O_u_t.
+
+
+CONSONANT SOUNDS.
+
+SUB-TONICS.
+
+ 19.--B as in _B_at.
+ 20.--D " _D_un.
+ 21.--G " _G_un.
+ 22.--J " _J_et.
+ 23.--L " _L_et.
+ 24.--M " _M_an.
+ 25.--N " _N_ot.
+ 26.--R " _R_un.
+ 27.--V " _V_ent.
+ 28.--W " _W_ent.
+ 29.--Y " _Y_es.
+ 30.--1 Z " _Z_eal.
+ 31.--2 Z " A_z_ure.
+ 32.--NG " Si_ng_.
+ 33.--TH " _Th_y.
+
+A-TONICS.
+
+ 34.--F as in _F_it.
+ 35.--H " _H_at.
+ 36.--K " _K_id.
+ 36.--P " _P_it.
+ 38.--S " _S_in.
+ 39.--T " _T_op.
+ 40.--CH " _Ch_at.
+ 41.--SH " _Sh_un.
+ 42.--TH " _Th_in.
+ 43.--WH " _Wh_en.
+
+ 21: Soft G is equivalent to J; soft C to S, and hard C and Q to K.
+ X is equivalent to K and S, as in _box_, or to G and Z
+ as in _exalt_.
+
+ 42: WH is pronounced as if the H preceded W, otherwise it would be
+ pronounced _W hen_. R should be slightly trilled before a
+ vowel. For further instructions, see Sanders and Merrill's
+ Elementary and Elocutionary Chart.
+
+
+
+
+SUBSTITUTES FOR THE VOWEL ELEMENTS.
+
+For Long A.
+
+ _ai_ as in s_ai_l.
+ _au_ " g_au_ge.
+ _ay_ " l_ay_.
+ _ea_ " gr_ea_t.
+ _ei_ " d_ei_gn.
+ _ey_ " th_ey_.
+
+For Flat A.
+
+ _au_ as in d_au_nt.
+ _ea_ " h_ea_rt.
+ _ua_ " g_ua_rd.
+
+For Broad A.
+
+ _au_ as in p_au_se.
+ _aw_ " l_a_w.
+ _eo_ " G_eo_rge.
+ _oa_ " gr_oa_t.
+ _o_ " h_o_rn.
+ _ou_ " s_ou_ght.
+
+For Short A.
+
+ _ai_ as in pl_ai_d.
+ _ua_ " g_ua_ranty.
+
+For Intermediate A.
+
+ _ai_ as in h_ai_r.
+ _ea_ " b_ea_r.
+ _e_ " wh_e_re.
+ _ei_ " th_ei_r.
+
+For Long E.
+
+ _ea_ as in w_ea_k.
+ _ei_ " s_ei_ze.
+ _eo_ " p_eo_ple.
+ _ey_ " k_ey_.
+ _ie_ " br_ie_f.
+ _i_ " p_i_que.
+
+For Short E.
+
+ _a_ as in _a_ny.
+ _ai_ " s_ai_d.
+ _ay_ " s_ay_s.
+ _ea_ " d_ea_d.
+ _ei_ " h_ei_fer.
+ _eo_ " l_eo_pard.
+ _ie_ " fr_ie_nd.
+ _ue_ " g_ue_ss.
+ _u_ " b_u_ry.
+
+For Long I.
+
+ _ai_ as in _ai_sle.
+ _ei_ " sl_ei_ght.
+ _ey_ " _ey_e.
+ _ie_ " d_ie_.
+ _oi_ " ch_oi_r.
+ _ui_ " g_ui_de.
+ _uy_ " b_uy_.
+ _y_ " tr_y_.
+
+For Short I.
+
+ _e_ as in _E_nglish.
+ _ee_ " b_ee_n.
+ _ie_ " s_ie_ve.
+ _o_ " w_o_men.
+ _u_ " b_u_sy.
+ _ui_ " b_ui_ld.
+ _y_ " s_y_mbol.
+
+For Long O.
+
+ _au_ as in h_au_tboy.
+ _eau_ " b_eau_.
+ _eo_ " y_eo_man.
+ _ew_ " s_ew_.
+ _oa_ " b_oa_t.
+ _oe_ " h_oe_.
+ _ou_ " s_ou_l.
+ _ow_ " fl_o_w.
+
+For Long Slender O.
+
+ _oe_ as in sh_oe_.
+ _ou_ " s_ou_p.
+
+For Short O.
+
+ _a_ as in w_a_s.
+ _ou_ " h_ou_gh.
+ _ow_ " kn_ow_ledge.
+
+For Long U.
+
+ _eau_ as in b_eau_ty.
+ _eu_ " f_eu_d.
+ _ew_ " d_ew_.
+ _ieu_ " ad_ieu_.
+ _ou_ " y_ou_r.
+ _ue_ " c_ue_.
+ _ui_ " s_ui_t.
+
+For Short U.
+
+ _e_ as in h_e_r.
+ _i_ " s_i_r.
+ _oe_ " d_oe_s.
+ _o_ " l_o_ve.
+ _ou_ " y_ou_ng.
+
+For Short Slender U.
+
+ _o_ as in w_o_lf.
+ _ou_ " w_ou_ld.
+
+For the Diphthong OI.
+
+ _oy_ as in j_oy_.
+
+For the Diphthong OU.
+
+ _ow_ as in n_ow_.
+
+There is no pure Triphthongal sound in the language. _Buoy_ is
+equivalent to _bwoy_. _U_ being a consonant.
+
+
+
+
+SUBSTITUTES FOR THE CONSONANT ELEMENTS.
+
+ F.
+
+ _gh_ as in lau_gh_.
+ _ph_ " s_ph_ere.
+
+ J.
+
+ _g_ " _g_em.
+
+ K.
+
+ _c_ " _c_an.
+ _ch_ " _ch_ord.
+ _gh_ " hou_gh_.
+ _q_ " _q_uit.
+
+ S.
+
+ _c_ " _c_ent.
+
+ T.
+
+ _d_ " face_d_.
+ _phth_ " _phth_isic.
+
+ V.
+
+ _f_ " o_f_.
+ _ph_ " Ste_ph_en.
+
+ Y.
+
+ _i_ " val_i_ant.
+
+ 1 Z.
+
+ _c_ " suffi_c_e.
+ _s_ " wa_s_.
+ _x_ " _X_erxes.
+
+ 2 Z.
+
+ _s_ " trea_s_ure.
+ _z_ " a_z_ure.
+ _si_ " fu_si_on.
+ _zi_ " gla_zi_er.
+
+ NG.
+
+ _n_ " co_n_ch.
+
+ SH.
+
+ _ce_ " o_ce_an.
+ _ci_ " so_ci_al.
+ _ch_ " _ch_aise.
+ _si_ " pen_si_on.
+ _s_ " _s_ure.
+ _ss_ " i_ss_ue.
+ _ti_ " no_ti_on.
+
+ CH.
+
+ _ti_ " fus_ti_an.
+
+ B, D, G, H, L, M, N, P, and R, have no substitutes.
+
+
+The most common faults in ARTICULATION are
+
+I. _The suppression of a syllable; as,_
+
+ cab'n for cab-_i_n.
+ cap'n " cap-_tai_n.
+ barr'l " bar-r_e_l.
+ ev'ry " ev-_e_-ry.
+ hist'ry " his-t_o_-ry
+ reg'lar " reg-_u_-lar.
+ sev'ral " sev-_e_r-al.
+ rhet'ric " rhet-_o_-ric.
+ mem'ry " mem-_o_-ry.
+ jub'lee " ju-b_i_-lee.
+ trav'ler " trav-_e_l-er.
+ fam'ly " fam-_i_-ly.
+ vent'late " ven-t_i_-late.
+ des'late " des-_o_-late.
+ prob'ble " prob-_a_-ble.
+ par-tic'lar " par-tic-_u_-lar.
+
+
+II. _The omission of any sound properly belonging to a word; as,_
+
+ read-in for read-in_g_.
+ swif-ly " swif_t_-ly.
+ com-mans " com-man_d_s.
+ wam-er " wa_r_m-er.
+ um-ble " _h_um-ble.
+ ap-py " _h_ap-py.
+ con-sis " con-sis_t_s.
+ fa-t'l " fa-tal.
+ pr'-tect " pr_o_-tect.
+ b'low " b_e_-low.
+ p'r-vade " p_e_r-vade.
+ srink-in " s_h_rink-in_g_.
+ th'if-ty " th_r_if-ty.
+ as-ter-is " as-ter-is_k_.
+ gov-er-ment " gov-er_n_-ment.
+ Feb-u-ary " Feb-_r_u-a-ry.
+
+III. _The substitution of one sound for another; as,_
+
+ _uf_-ford for _a_f-ford.
+ wil-l_e_r " wil-lo_w_.
+ sock-_i_t " sock-_et_.
+ fear-l_u_ss " fear-l_e_ss.
+ cul-t_e_r " cult-_u_re.
+ prod-u_x_ " prod-u_cts_.
+ judg-m_u_nt " judg-m_e_nt.
+ chil-dr_i_n " chil-dr_e_n.
+ mod-_i_st " mod-_e_st.
+ _u_p-prove " _a_p-prove.
+ _w_in-e-gar " _v_in-e-gar.
+ sep-_e_-rate " sep-_a_-rate.
+ temp-er-_i_t " tem-per-_a_te.
+ croc-_e_r-dile " croc-_o_-dile.
+ t_u_b-ac-c_u_r " t_o_-bac-c_o_.
+ com-pr_u_m-ise " com-pr_o_-mise.
+
+IV. Produce the sounds denoted by the following combinations of
+consonants:--
+
+Let the pupil first produce the sound of the letters, and then the word
+or words in which they occur. Be careful to give a clear and distinct
+enunciation to every letter.
+
+ 1. _Bd_, as in ro_b'd_; _bdst_, pro_b'dst_; _bl_, _bl_ and,
+ a_bl_e; _bld_, hum-_bl'd; bldst_, trou_bl'dst_; _blst_,
+ trou_bl'st; blz_, crum_bles; br_, _br_and; _bz_, ri_bs_.
+
+ 2. _Ch_, as in _ch_ur_ch; cht_, fet_ch'd_.
+
+ 3. _Dj_, as in e_dg_e; _djd_, he_dg'd; dl_, bri_dle; dld_,
+ rid_dl'd; dlst_, han_dl'st_; _dlz_, bun_dles; dn_,
+ har_d'n; dr_, _dr_ove; _dth_, wi_dth; dths_, brea_dths;
+ dz_, o_dds_.
+
+ 4. _Fl_, as in _fl_ame; _fld_, ri_fl'd_; _flst_, sti_fl'st_;
+ _flx_, ri_fles_; _fr_, _fr_om; _fs_, qua_ffs_, lau_ghs_;
+ _fst_, lau_gh'st_, qua_ff'st_; _ft_, ra_ft_; _fts_,
+ wa_fts; ftst_, gr_ft'st_.
+
+ 5. _Gd_, as in beg_g'd_; _gdst_, brag_g'dst; gl_, _gl_ide;
+ _gld_, strug_gl'd; gldst_, hag_gl'dst; gist_, stran_gl'st;
+ glz_, min_gles; gr, gr_ove; _gst_, beg_g'st; gz_, fi_gs_.
+
+ 6. _Kl_, as in un_cle_, an_kle_; _kld_, trick_l'd; kldst_,
+ truck_l'dst; klst_, chuc_kl'st; klz_, wrin_kles; kn_,
+ blac_k'n; knd_, rec_k'n'd; kndst_, rec_k'n'dst; knst_,
+ blac_k'n'st; knz_, rec_k'ns; kr, cr_ank; _ks_, chec_ks;
+ kt_, a_ct_.
+
+ 7. _Lb_, as in bu_lb_; _lbd_, bu_lb'd; lbs_, bu_lbs; lch_,
+ fi_lch; lcht_, be_lch'd; ld_, ho_ld; ldst_, fo_ld'st;
+ ldz_, ho_lds; lf_, se_lf; lfs_, gu_lfs; lj_, bu_lge; lk_,
+ e_lk; lks_, si_lks; lkt_, mi_lk'd; lkts_, mu_lcts; lm_,
+ e_lm; lmd_, whel_m'd; lmz_, fi_lms; ln_, fa_ll'n;_ _lp_,
+ he_lp_; _lps_, sca_lps_; _lpst_, _help'st_; _ls_, fa_lse_;
+ _lst_, ca_ll'st_; _lt_, me_lt_; _lth_, hea_lth_; _lths_,
+ stea_lths_; _lts_, co_lts_; _lv_, de_lve_; _lvd_,
+ she_lv'd_; _lvz_, el_ves_; _lz_, ha_lls_.
+
+ 8. _Md_, as in doo_m'd_; _mf_, triu_mph_; _mp_, he_mp_;
+ _mpt_, te_mpt_; _mpts_, atte_mpts_; _mst_, ento_mb'st_;
+ _mz_, to_mbs_.
+
+ 9. _Nch_, as in be_nch_; _ncht_, pi_nch'd_; _nd_, a_nd_;
+ _ndst_, e_nd'st_; _ndz_, e_nds_; _ng_, su_ng_; _ngd_,
+ ba_nged_; _ngth_, le_ngth_; _ngz_, so_ngs_; _nj_, ra_nge_;
+ _njd_, ra_ng'd_; _nk_, i_nk_; _nks_, ra_nks_; _nkst_,
+ tha_nk'st_; _nst_, wi_ne'd_; _nt_, se_nt_; _nts_, re_nts_;
+ _ntst_, we_nt'st_; _nz_, ru_ns_.
+
+ 10. _Pl_, as in _pl_ume; _pld_, rip_pl'd_; _plst_, rip_pl'st_;
+ _plz_, ap_ples_; _pr_, _pr_ince; _ps_, si_ps_; _pst_,
+ rap_p'st_; _pt_, rip_p'd_.
+
+ 11. _Rb_, as in he_rb_; _rch_, sea_rch_; _rcht_, chu_rch'd_;
+ _rbd_, o_rbd_; _rbdst_, ba_rb'dst_; _rbst_, distu_rb'st_;
+ _rbz_, o_rbs_; _rd_, ha_rd_; _rdst_, hea_rd'st_; _rdz_,
+ wo_rds_; _rf_, tu_rf_; _rft_, sca_rfd_; _rg_, bu_rg_;
+ _rgz_, bu_rgs_; _rj_, di_rge_; _rjd_, u_rg'd_; _rk_,
+ a_rk_; _rks_, a_rks_; _rkst_, wo_rk'st_; _rkt_, di_rk'd_;
+ _rktst_, emba_rk'dst_; _rl_, gi_rl_; _rld_, wo_rld_;
+ _rldst_, hu_rld'st_; _rlst_, whi_rl'st_; _rlz_, hu_rls_;
+ _rm_, a_rm_; _rmd_, a_rm'd_; _rmdst_, ha_rm'dst_; _rmst_,
+ a_rm'st_; _rmz_, cha_rms_; _rn_, tu_rn_; _rnd_, tu_rn'd_;
+ _rndst_, ea_rn'dst_; _rnst_, lea_rn'st_; _rnz_, u_rns_;
+ _rp_, ca_rp_; _rps_, ha_rps_; _rpt_, wa_rp'd_; _rs_,
+ ve_rs_e; _rsh_, ha_rsh_; _rst_, fi_rst_; _rsts_, bu_rsts_;
+ _rt_, da_rt_; _rth_, ea_rth_; _rths_, bi_rths_; _rts_,
+ ma_rts_; _rtst_, da_rt'st_; _rv_, cu_rve_; _rvd_,
+ ne_rv'd_; _rvdst_, cu_rv'dst_; _rvst_, swe_rv'st_; _rvz_,
+ ne_rves_; _rz_, e_rrs_.
+
+ 12. _Sh_, as in _sh_ip; _sht_, hu_sh'd_; _sk_, _sc_an, _sk_ip;
+ _sks_, tu_sks_; _skst_, fri_sk'st_; _skt_, ri_sk'd_; _sl_,
+ _sl_ow; _sld_, ne_stl'd_; _slz_, we_stles_; _sm_, _sm_ile;
+ _sn_, _sn_ag; _sp_, _sp_ort; _sps_, li_sps_; _spt_,
+ cla_sp'd_; _st_, _st_ag; _str_, _str_ike; _sts_, re_sts_;
+ _sw_, _sw_ing.
+
+ 13. _Th_, as in _th_ine, _th_in; _thd_, brea_th'd_; _thr_,
+ _thr_ee; _thst_, brea_th'st_; _thw_, _thw_ack; _thz_,
+ wri_thes_; _tl_, ti_tle_; _tld_, set_tl'd_; _tldst_,
+ set_tl'dst_; _tlst_,set_tl'st_; _tlz_, net_tles_; _tr_,
+ _tr_uuk; _ts_, fi_ts_; _tw_, _tw_irl.
+
+ 14. _Vd_, as in cur_v'd_; _vdst_, li_v'dst_; _vl_, dri_v'l_;
+ _vld_, gro_v'l'd_; _vldst_, gro_v'l'dst_; _vlst_,
+ dri_v'l'st_; _un_, dri_v'n_; _vst_, li_v'st_; _vz_,
+ li_ves_.
+
+ 15. _Wh_, as in _wh_en, _wh_ere.
+
+ 16. _Zd_, as in mu_s'd_; _zl_, daz_zle_; _zld_, muz_zl'd_;
+ _zldst_, daz_zl'dst_; _zlst_, daz_zl'st_; _zlz_,
+ muz_zles_; _zm_, spa_sm_; _zmz_, cha_sms_; _zn_, ri_s'n_;
+ _znd_, rea_s'n'd_; _znz_, pri_s'nz_; _zndst_,
+ impri_s'n'dst_.
+
+
+V. Avoid blending the termination of one word with the beginning of
+another, or suppressing the final letter or letters of one word, when
+the next word commences with a similar sound.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+ His small eyes instead of His small lies.
+ She keeps pies " She keeps spies.
+ His hour is up " His sour is sup.
+ Dry the widow's tears " Dry the widow steers.
+ Your eyes and ears " Your rise sand dears.
+ He had two small eggs " He had two small legs.
+ Bring some ice cream " Bring some mice scream.
+ Let all men praise Him " Let tall men pray sim.
+ He was killed in war " He was skilled in war.
+ Water, air, and earth " Water rare rand dearth.
+ Come and see me once more " Come mand see me one smore.
+
+NOTE.--By an indistinct Articulation the sense of a passage is often
+liable to be perverted.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+ 1. Will he attempt to conceal hi_s acts?_
+ Will he attempt to conceal hi_s sacks?_
+ 2. The man ha_d o_ars to row he_r o_ver.
+ The man ha_d d_oors to row he_r r_over.
+ 3. Can there be a_n a_im more lofty?
+ Can there be _a n_ame more lofty?
+ 4. The judge_s o_ught to arrest the culprits.
+ The judge_s s_ought to arrest the culprits.
+ 5. Hi_s i_re burned when she told him he_r a_ge.
+ Hi_s s_ire burned when she told him he_r r_age.
+ 6. He wa_s a_wed at the works of labor a_nd a_rt.
+ He wa_s s_awed at the works of labor a_n d_art.
+ 7. He wa_s tr_ained in the religion of his fathers.
+ He wa_s st_rained in the religion of his fathers.
+
+MISCELLANEOUS EXAMPLES.
+
+ 1. _Br_avely o'er _th_e _b_oi_st_e_r_ous _b_i_ll_ow_s_,
+ _H_is _g_a_ll_a_nt_ _b_a_rk_ _w_a_s_ _b_o_rn_e.
+ 2. _C_a_n_ _cr_a_v_e_n_ _c_owa_rds_ e_x_pe_ct_ to
+ _c_o_nq_ue_r_ _th_e _c_ou_ntr_y?
+ 3. _Cl_i_ck_, _cl_i_ck_, _g_oe_s_ _th_e _cl_o_ck_; _cl_a_ck_,
+ _cl_a_ck_, _g_oe_s_ _th_e _m_i_ll_.
+ 4. _D_i_d_ _y_ou _d_esi_r_e to _h_ea_r_ _h_i_s_ _d_a_rk_
+ a_nd_ _d_o_l_e_f_u_l_ _dr_ea_ms_?
+ 5. "_F_ir_m_-_p_a_c_e_d_ a_nd_ _sl_ow, a _h_o_rr_i_d_
+ _fr_o_nt_ _th_ey _form_,
+ _St_i_ll_ a_s_ _th_e _br_ee_ze_; _b_u_t_ _dr_ea_df_u_l_
+ a_s_ _th_e _st_or_m_."
+ 6. _Th_e _fl_a_m_i_ng_ _f_i_r_e _fl_a_sh_ed _f_ea_rf_u_ll_y
+ i_n_ _h_i_s_ _f_a_c_e.
+ 7. _Th_e _gl_a_ss_y _gl_a_ci_e_rs_ _gl_ea_m_e_d_ i_n_
+ _gl_owi_ng_ _l_igh_t_.
+ 8. _H_ow _h_igh _h_i_s_ ho_n_o_rs_ _h_ea_v_e_d_ _h_i_s_
+ _h_augh_t_y _h_ea_d_!
+ 9. _H_e _dr_ew _l_o_ng_, _l_e_g_i_bl_e _lin_e_s_ a_l_o_ng_
+ _th_e _l_ove_l_y _l_a_ndsc_a_p_e.
+ 10. _M_a_ss_e_s_ of i_mm_e_ns_e _m_a_gn_i_t_u_d_e _m_o_v_e
+ _m_a_j_e_st_i_c_a_ll_y _thr_ough _th_e _v_a_st_ e_mp_i_r_e
+ of _th_e _s_o_l_a_r_ _s_y_st_e_m_.
+ 11. _R_ou_nd_ _th_e _r_ou_gh_ a_nd_ _r_u_gg_e_d_ _r_o_cks_
+ _th_e _r_a_gg_e_d_ _r_a_sc_a_l_ _r_a_n_.
+ 12. _Th_e _str_i_pl_i_ng_ _str_a_ng_e_r_ _str_aye_d_
+ _str_aigh_t_ _to_wa_rd_ _th_e _str_u_ggl_i_ng_ _str_ea_m_.
+ 13. _Sh_e u_tt_e_r_e_d_ a _sh_a_rp_, _shr_i_ll_ _shr_ie_k_,
+ a_nd_ _th_e_n_ _shr_u_nk_ _fr_o_m_ _th_e _shr_i_v_e_l_e_d_
+ _f_o_rm_ _th_a_t_ _sl_u_mb_e_r_e_d_ i_n_ _th_e _shr_ou_d_.
+ 14. _F_or _f_ear o_f_ o_ff_ending _th_e _fr_ight_f_ul
+ fugitive, _th_e _v_i_l_e _v_a_g_a_b_o_nd_ _v_e_nt_u_r_e_d_
+ _t_o _v_i_l_i_fy_ _th_e _v_e_n_e_r_a_bl_e _v_e_t_e_r_a_n_.
+ 15. A_midst_ _th_e _m_i_sts_, _w_i_th_ a_ngr_y _b_oa_sts_,
+ _H_e _thr_u_sts_ _h_i_s_ _f_i_sts_ a_g_ai_nst_ _th_e
+ _p_o_sts_,
+ A_nd_ _st_i_ll_ i_ns_i_sts_ _h_e _s_ee_s_ _th_e
+ _g_ho_sts_.
+ 16. Peter Prangle, the prickly prangly pear picker, picked
+ three pecks of prickly prangly pears, from the prangly
+ pear trees, on the pleasant prairies.
+ 17. Theophilus Thistle, the successful thistle sifter, in
+ sifting a sieve full of unsifted thistles, thrust three
+ thousand thistles through the thick of his thumb; now, if
+ Theophilus Thistle, the successful thistle sifter, in
+ sifting a sieve full of unsifted thistles, thrust three
+ thousand thistles through the thick of _his_ thumb, see
+ that _thou_, in sifting a sieve full of unsifted thistles,
+ thrust not three thousand thistles through the thick of
+ _thy_ thumb. Success to the successful thistle sifter.
+ 18. We travel _sea_ and _soil_; we _pry_, we _prowl_;
+ We _progress_, and we _prog_ from _pole_ to _pole_.
+
+
+
+
+SECTION II.
+
+ACCENT AND EMPHASIS.
+
+ACCENT and EMPHASIS both indicate some special stress of voice.
+
+Accent is that stress of voice by which one _syllable_ of a word is made
+more prominent than others; EMPHASIS is that stress of voice by which
+one or more _words_ of a sentence are distinguished above the rest.
+
+ACCENT.
+
+The accented syllable is sometimes designated thus: ('); as,
+_com-mand'-ment_.
+
+NOTE I.--Words of more than two syllables generally have two or more of
+them accented.
+
+The more forcible stress of voice, is called the _Primary Accent_; and
+the less forcible, the _Secondary Accent_.
+
+EXAMPLES OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY ACCENT.
+
+In the following examples the Primary Accent is designated by double
+accentual marks, thus:
+
+_Ed''-u-cate'_, _ed'-u-ca''-tion_, _mul''-ti-ply'_,
+_mul'-ti-pli-ca''-tion_, _sat''-is-fy'_, _sat'-is-fac''-tion_,
+_com'-pre-hend''_, _com'-pre-hen''-sion_, _rec'-om-mend''_,
+_rec'-om-mend-a''-tion_, _mo''-ment-a'-ry_, _com-mun''-ni-cate'_,
+_com'-pli-ment''-al_, _in-dem'-ni-fi-ca''-tion_,
+_ex'-tem-po-ra''-ne-ous_, _coun'-ter-rev'-o-lu''-tion-a-ry_.
+
+NOTE II.--The change of accent on the same word often changes its
+meaning.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+ col'-league, _a partner_.
+ col-league', _to unite with_.
+ con'-duct, _behavior_.
+ con-duct', _to lead_.
+ des'-cant, _a song or tune_.
+ des-cant', _to comment_.
+ ob'-ject, _ultimate purpose_.
+ ob-ject', _to oppose_.
+ in'-ter-dict, _a prohibition_.
+ in-ter-dict', _to forbid_.
+ o'ver-throw, _ruin; defeat_.
+ o-ver-throw', _to throw down_.
+
+NOTE III.--Emphatic words are often printed in _Italics_. When, however,
+different degrees of emphasis are to be denoted, the higher degrees are
+designated by the use of Capitals, LARGER or SMALLER, according to the
+degree of intensity.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. Our motto shall be, _our country_, OUR WHOLE COUNTRY, and NOTHING BUT
+OUR COUNTRY.
+
+2. _Thou Child of Joy!_ SHOUT round me: let me HEAR _thy shouts, thou
+happy Shepherd Boy!_
+
+3. Freedom calls you! _quick_, be ready,
+ Think of what your sires have done;
+ _Onward_, ONWARD! strong and steady,
+ Drive the tyrant to his den;
+ ON, and let the watchword be,
+ _Country_, HOME, and LIBERTY.
+
+NOTE IV.--Emphasis, as before intimated, varies in degrees of intensity.
+
+EXAMPLES OF INTENSIVE EMPHASIS.
+
+ 1. He shook the fragment of his blade,
+ And shouted: "VICTORY!
+ _Charge_, Chester, CHARGE! _On_, Stanley, ON!"
+
+ 2. A _month!_ O, for a single WEEK! I as not for _years'_, though an
+ AGE were _too little_ for the _much_ I have to do.
+
+ 3. _Now_ for the FIGHT! _now_ for the CANNON PEAL! ONWARD! through
+ _blood_, and _toil_, and _cloud_, and _fire!_ _Glorious_--the SHOUT,
+ the SHOCK, the CRASH of STEEL, The VOLLEY'S ROLL, the ROCKET'S
+ BLAZING SPIRE!
+
+ 4. Hear, O HEAVENS! and give ear, O EARTH!
+
+NOTE V.--Emphasis sometimes changes the seat of accent from its ordinary
+position.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+There is a difference between _pos'_sibility and _prob'_ability. And
+behold, the angels of God _as'_cending and _de'_scending on it. For this
+corruptible must put on _in'_corruption, and this mortal must put on
+_im'_mortality. Does his conduct deserve _ap'_probation or
+_rep'_robation?
+
+NOTE VI.--There are two kinds of Emphasis:--_Absolute_ and _Antithetic_.
+ABSOLUTE EMPHASIS is used to designate the important words of a
+sentence, without any direct reference to other words.
+
+EXAMPLES OF ABSOLUTE EMPHASIS.
+
+ 1. Oh, speak to passion's raging tide,
+ _Speak_ and _say_: "PEACE, BE STILL!"
+
+ 2. The UNION, it MUST and SHALL BE PRESERVED!
+
+ 3. HUSH! _breathe it not aloud_,
+ _The wild winds must not hear it! Yet, again_,
+ _I tell thee_--WE ARE FREE!
+ KNOWLES.
+
+ 4. When my country shall take her place among the nations of the
+ earth, THEN and not TILL then, let my epitaph be written.
+ EMMETT.
+
+ 5. If you are MEN, _follow_ ME! STRIKE DOWN _yon guard, and gain
+ the mountain passes._
+
+ 6. OH! _shame on us_, countrymen, SHAME _on us_ ALL,
+ If we CRINGE to so dastard a race.
+
+ 7. This doctrine _never was received_; it NEVER CAN, _by any_
+ POSSIBILITY, BE RECEIVED; and, if admitted at ALL, it _must be
+ by_ THE TOTAL SUBVERSION OF LIBERTY!
+
+ 8. Are you _Christians_, and, by upholding duelists, will you _deluge
+ the land with blood_, and _fill it with widows and orphans._
+ BEECHER.
+
+ 9. LIBERTY _and_ UNION, NOW _and_ FOREVER, ONE _and_ INSEPARABLE.
+ WEBSTER.
+
+ 10. _Treason!_ cried the speaker; _treason_, TREASON, TREASON,
+ reechoed from every part of the house.
+
+ 11. _The war is inevitable_,--and LET IT COME! I repeat it,
+ Sir,--LET IT COME!
+ PATRICK HENRY.
+
+ 12. Be we _men_,
+ And suffer such dishonor? MEN, and wash not
+ The stain away in BLOOD?
+ MISS MITFORD.
+
+ 13. O SACRED FORMS! how _proud_ you look!
+ How _high_ you lift your heads into the sky!
+ How _huge_ you are! how _mighty_ and how _free_!
+ KNOWLES.
+
+ 14. I shall know but _one_ country. The ends _I_ aim at, shall be "My
+ COUNTRY'S, my GOD'S, and TRUTH'S."
+ WEBSTER.
+
+NOTE VII.--ANTITHETIC EMPHASIS is that which is founded on the contrast
+of one word or clause with another.
+
+EXAMPLES OF ANTITHETIC EMPHASIS.
+
+ 1. The faults of _others_ should always remind us of our _own_.
+
+ 2. He desired to _protect_ his friend, not to _injure_ him.
+
+ 3. But _yesterday_, the word of Caesar might
+ Have stood against the world; _now_ lies he there,
+ And none so poor to do him reverence.
+ SHAKESPEARE.
+
+ 4. A _good name_ is rather to be chosen than _great riches_.
+ BIBLE.
+
+ 5. We can do nothing _against_ the truth; but _for_ the truth.
+ BIBLE.
+
+ 6. He that is _slow to anger_, is better than the _mighty_; and he
+ that _ruleth his spirit_, than he that _taketh a city_.
+ BIBLE.
+
+NOTE VIII.--The following examples contain two or more sets of
+Antitheses.
+
+ 1. _Just men_ are only _free_, the _rest_ are _slaves_.
+
+ 2. _Beauty_ is like the _flower of spring; virtue_ is like the
+ _stars of heaven_.
+
+ 3. _Truth_ crushed to earth shall _rise_ again,
+ The eternal years of God are hers;
+ But _error_, wounded, _writhes_ in pain,
+ And _dies_ amid her worshipers.
+ BRYANT.
+
+ 4. A _false balance_ is _abomination to the Lord_; but a _just
+ weight_ is _his delight_.
+ BIBLE.
+
+ 5. A _friend_ can not be _known_ in _prosperity;_ and an _enemy_
+ can not be _hidden_ in _adversity_.
+
+ 6. It is my _living sentiment_, and, by the blessing of God, it
+ shall be my _dying sentiment:_ INDEPENDENCE NOW, and INDEPENDENCE
+ FOREVER.
+ WEBSTER.
+
+ 7. We live in _deeds_, not _years_,--in _thoughts_, not _breaths_,--in
+ _feelings_, not in _figures on a dial_. We should count time by
+ _heart throbs_. He _most lives_, who THINKS THE MOST,--FEELS THE
+ NOBLEST,--ACTS THE BEST.
+
+ 8. _You_ have done the _mischief_, and _I_ bear the _blame_.
+
+ 9. The _wise man_ is happy when he gains his _own_ approbation;
+ the _fool_ when he gains that of _others_.
+
+ 10. We must hold _them_ as we hold the _rest_ of mankind--_enemies_
+ in _war_,--in _peace, friends_.
+ JEFFERSON.
+
+NOTE IX.--The sense of a passage is varied by changing the place of the
+emphasis.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+ 1. Has _James_ seen his brother to-day? No; but _Charles_ has.
+
+ 2. Has James _seen_ his brother to-day? No; but he has _heard_
+ from him.
+
+ 3. Has James seen _his_ brother to-day? No; but he saw _yours_.
+
+ 4. Has James seen his _brother_ to-day? No; but he has seen his
+ _sister_.
+
+ 5. Has James seen his brother _to-day_? No; but he saw him _yesterday_.
+
+REMARK.--To determine the emphatic words of a sentence, as well as the
+_degree_ and _kind_ of emphasis to be employed, the reader must be
+governed wholly by the _sentiment_ to be expressed. The idea is
+sometimes entertained that emphasis consists merely in _loudness_ of
+tone. But it should be borne in mind that the most _intense_ emphasis
+may often be effectively expressed, even by a whisper.
+
+
+
+
+SECTION III.
+
+INFLECTIONS.
+
+INFLECTIONS are turns or slides of the voice, made in reading or
+speaking; as; Will you go to New [Transcriber's Note: Two missing lines
+in printing, page 25 in original.] or to [Transcriber's Note: Remainder
+of paragraph is missing.]
+
+All the various sounds of the human voice may be comprehended under the
+general appellation of _tones_. The principal modifications of these
+tones are the MONOTONE, the RISING INFLECTION, the FALLING INFLECTION,
+and the CIRCUMFLEX.
+
+ The Horizontal Line (--) denotes the Monotone.
+ The Rising Slide (/) denotes the Rising Inflection.
+ The Falling Slide (\) denotes the Falling Inflection.
+ The Curve (\_/) denotes the Circumflex.
+
+The MONOTONE is that sameness of sound, which arises from repeating the
+several words or syllables of a passage in one and the same general
+tone.
+
+REMARK.--The Monotone is employed with admirable effect in the delivery
+of a passage that is solemn or sublime.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. O thou that rollest above, round as the shield of my fathers: whence
+are thy beams, O sun, thy everlasting light? OSSIAN.
+
+2.
+ 'Tis midnight's holy hour, and silence now
+ Is brooding, like a gentle spirit, o'er
+ The still and pulseless world. Hark! on the winds
+ The bells' deep tones are swelling; 'tis the knell
+ Of the departed year.
+ PRENTICE.
+
+3. God came from Teman, and the Holy One from Mount Paran. Selah. His
+glory covered the heavens, and the earth was full of His praise.
+
+4. Before Him went the pestilence, and burning coals went forth at His
+feet. He stood and measured the earth: He beheld, and drove asunder the
+nations; and the everlasting mountains were scattered, the perpetual
+hills did bow: His ways are everlasting. BIBLE.
+
+5. The heavens declare the glory of God, and the firmament showeth His
+handy work. Day unto day uttereth speech, and night unto night showeth
+knowledge. There is no speech nor language, where their voice is not
+heard. ID.
+
+6.
+ How brief is life! how passing brief!
+ How brief its joys and cares!
+ It seems to be in league with time,
+ And leaves us unawares.
+
+7. The thunder rolls: be hushed the prostrate world,
+ While cloud to cloud returns the solemn hymn. THOMSON.
+
+REMARK.--The inappropriate use of the monotone,--a fault into which
+young people naturally fall,--is a very grave and obstinate error. It is
+always tedious, and often even ridiculous. It should be studiously
+avoided.
+
+The RISING INFLECTION is an upward turn, or slide of the voice, used in
+reading or speaking; as,
+
+ s?
+ n/
+ o/
+ s/
+ s/
+ e/
+ Are you prepared to recite your l/
+
+The FALLING INFLECTION is a downward turn, or slide of the voice, used
+in reading or speaking; as,
+
+ \d
+ \o
+ \i
+ \n
+ What are you \g?
+
+In the falling inflection, the voice should not sink below the _general
+pitch_; but in the rising inflection, it is raised above it.
+
+The two inflections may be illustrated by the following diagrams:
+
+ 1.
+ \i
+ \m
+ y, \p \p
+ l/ \r \r
+ t/ \u \u
+ n/ \d \d
+ e/ \e \e
+ d/ \n \n
+ u/ \t \t
+ r/ \l \l
+ Did he act p/ or \y? He acted \y.
+
+ 2.
+ \u
+ \n
+ y, \w \w
+ l/ \i \i
+ g/ \l \l
+ n/ \l \l
+ i/ \i \i
+ l/ \n \n
+ l/ \g \g
+ i/ \l \l
+ Did they go w/ or \y? They went \y.
+
+ 3.
+ r,
+ e/
+ h/
+ g/
+ i/
+ If the flight of Dryden is h/ Pope continues longer on the
+
+ r,
+ e/
+ t/
+ h/
+ \w g/
+ \i i/
+ \n r/
+ \g. If the blaze of Dryden's fire is b/ the heat of Pope's is
+
+ \c
+ \o
+ \n
+ \s
+ \t
+ \a
+ \n
+ more regular and \t.
+
+ 4. Is honor's lofty soul forever fled'?
+ Is virtue lost'? Is martial ardor dead'?
+ Is there no heart where worth and valor dwell'?
+ No patriot WALLACE'? No undaunted TELL'?
+ Yes`, Freedom, yes`! thy sons, a noble band,
+ Around thy banner, firm, exulting stand`.
+
+REMARK.--The same _degree_ of inflection is not, at all times, used, or
+indicated by the notation. The due degree to be employed, depends on the
+_nature_ of what is to be expressed. For example; if a person, under
+great excitement, asks another:
+
+ t?
+ s
+ e
+ n
+ r
+ a
+ Are you in e the degree of inflection would be much greater,
+
+ t?
+ s
+ e
+ n
+ r
+ a
+ than if he playfully asks: Are you in e The former
+ inflection may be called _intensive_, the latter, _common_.
+
+
+
+
+RULES FOR THE USE OF INFLECTIONS.
+
+
+RULE I.
+
+Direct questions, or those which may be answered by _yes_ or _no_,
+usually take the rising inflection; but their answers, generally, the
+falling.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. Will you meet me at the depot'? Yes`; or, I will`.
+
+2. Did you intend to visit Boston'? No`; or, I did not`.
+
+3. Can you explain this difficult sentence'? Yes`; I can.
+
+4. Are they willing to remain at home'? They are`.
+
+5. Is this a time for imbecility and inaction'? By no means`.
+
+6. King Agrippa, believest thou the prophets'? I know that thou
+believest`.
+
+7. Were the tribes of this country, when first discovered, making any
+progress in arts and civilization'? By no means`.
+
+8. To purchase heaven has gold the power'?
+ Can gold remove the mortal hour'?
+ In life, can love be bought with gold'?
+ Are friendship's pleasures to be sold'?
+ No`; all that's worth a wish, a thought,
+ Fair virtue gives unbribed, unbought.
+
+9. What would content you`? Talents'? No`. Enterprise'? No`. Courage'?
+No`. Reputation'? No`. Virtue'? No`. The man whom you would select,
+should possess not one, but all of these`.
+
+NOTE I.--When the direct question becomes an appeal, and the reply to it
+is anticipated, it takes the intense _falling_ inflection.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. _Is_` he not a bold and eloquent speaker`?
+
+2. _Can_` such inconsistent measures be adopted`?
+
+3. _Did_` you ever hear of such cruel barbarities`?
+
+4. _Is_ this reason`? _Is_` it law`? _Is_ it humanity`?
+
+5. _Was_` not the gentleman's argument conclusive`?
+
+
+RULE II.
+
+Indirect questions, or those which can not be answered by _yes_ or _no_,
+usually take the _falling_ inflection, and their answers the same.
+
+1. How far did you travel yesterday`? Forty miles`.
+
+2. Which of you brought this beautiful bouquet`? Julia`.
+
+3. Where do you intend to spend the summer`? At Saratoga`.
+
+4. When will Charles graduate at college`? Next year`.
+
+5. What is one of the most delightful emotions of the heart`? Gratitude`.
+
+NOTE I.--When the indirect question is one asking a repetition of what
+was not, at first, understood, it takes the _rising_ inflection.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. When do you expect to return? Next week.
+ When_ did you say'? Next week.
+
+2. _Where_ did you say William had gone'? To New York.
+
+NOTE II.--Answers to questions, whether direct or indirect, when
+expressive of indifference, take the _rising_ inflection, or the
+circumflex.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. Did you admire his discourse? Not much'.
+
+2. Which way shall we walk? I am not particular'.
+
+3. Can Henry go with us? If he chooses'.
+
+4. What color do you prefer? I have no particular choice'.
+
+NOTE III.--In some instances, direct questions become indirect by a
+change of the inflection from the rising to the falling.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. Will you come to-morrow' or next day'? Yes.
+
+2. Will you come to-morrow,' or next day`? I will come to-morrow.
+
+REMARK.--The first question asks if the person addressed will _come_
+within the two days, and may be answered by _yes_ or _no_; but the
+second asks on _which_ of the two days he will come, and it can not be
+thus answered.
+
+
+RULE III.
+
+When questions are connected by the conjunction _or_, the first requires
+the _rising_, and the second, the _falling_ inflection.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. Does he study for amusement', or improvement`?
+
+2. Was he esteemed for his wealth', or for his wisdom`?
+
+3. Sink' or swim`, live' or die`, survive' or perish`, I give my hand
+and heart to this vote. WEBSTER.
+
+4. Is it lawful to do good on the Sabbath-days', or to do evil`? to save
+life', or to kill`?
+
+5. Was it an act of moral courage', or cowardice`, for Cato to fall on
+his sword`?
+
+
+RULE IV. Antithetic terms or clauses usually take opposite inflections;
+generally, the former has the _rising_, and the latter the _falling_
+inflection.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. If you seek to make one rich, study not to increase his stores' but
+to diminish his desires`.
+
+2. They have mouths',--but they speak not`:
+ Eyes have they',--but they see not`:
+ They have ears',--but they hear not`:
+ Noses have they',--but they smell not`:
+ They have hands',--but they handle not`:
+ Feet have they',--but they walk not`.
+ BIBLE.
+
+NOTE I.--When one of the antithetic clauses is a _negative_, and the
+other an _affirmative_, generally the negative has the _rising_, and
+the affirmative the _falling_ inflection.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. I said an elder soldier` not a better'.
+
+2. His acts deserve punishment` rather than commiseration'.
+
+3. This is no time for a tribunal of justice', but for showing mercy`;
+not for accusation', but for philanthropy`; not for trial', but for
+pardon`; not for sentence and execution', but for compassion and
+kindness`.
+
+
+RULE V. The Pause of Suspension, denoting that the sense is incomplete,
+usually has the _rising_ inflection.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. Although the fig tree shall not blossom', neither shall fruit be in
+the vine'; the labor of the olive shall fail', and the fields shall
+yield no meat'; the flocks shall be cut off from the fold', and there
+shall be no herd in the stalls'; yet will I rejoice in the Lord`, I will
+joy in the God of my salvation`. BIBLE.
+
+NOTE I.--The ordinary direct address, not accompanied with strong
+emphasis, takes the _rising_ inflection, on the principle of the pause
+of suspension.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. Men', brethren', and fathers', hear ye my defense which I make now
+unto you. BIBLE.
+
+2. Ye living flowers', that skirt the eternal frost'!
+ Ye wild goats', sporting round the eagle's nest'!
+ Ye eagles', playmates of the mountain storm'!
+ Ye lightnings', the dread arrows of the clouds'!
+ Ye signs' and wonders' of the elements'!
+ Utter forth GOD`, and fill the hills with praise`!
+ COLERIDGE.
+
+NOTE II.--In some instances of a pause of suspension, the sense requires
+an intense _falling_ inflection.
+
+EXAMPLE.
+
+1. The prodigal, if he does not become a _pauper_`, will, at least, have
+but little to bestow on others.
+
+REMARK.--If the _rising_ inflection is given on _pauper_, the sense
+would be perverted, and the passage made to mean, that, in order to be
+able to bestow on others, it is necessary that he should become a
+pauper.
+
+
+RULE VI. Expressions of tenderness, as of grief, or kindness, commonly
+incline the voice to the _rising_ inflection.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. Mother',--I leave thy dwelling';
+ Oh! shall it be forever'?
+ With grief my heart is swelling',
+ From thee',--from thee',--to sever'.
+
+2. O my son Absalom'! my son', my son Absalom'! Would God I had died for
+thee', Absalom', my son', my son'! BIBLE.
+
+
+RULE VII. The Penultimate Pause, or the last but one, of a passage, is
+usually preceded by the _rising_ inflection.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. Diligence`, industry`, and proper improvement of time', are material
+duties of the young`.
+
+2. These through faith subdued kingdoms`, wrought righteous-ness`,
+obtained promises`, stopped the mouths of lions`, quenched the violence
+of fire`, escaped the edge of the sword`, out of weakness were made
+strong`, waxed valiant in fight', turned to flight the armies of the
+aliens`.
+
+REMARK.--The rising inflection is employed at the penultimate pause in
+order to promote variety, since the voice generally falls at the end of
+a sentence.
+
+
+RULE VIII. Expressions of strong emotion, as of anger or surprise, and
+also the language of authority and reproach, are expressed with the
+_falling_ inflection.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. On YOU`, and on your CHILDREN`, be the peril of the innocent blood
+which shall be shed this day`.
+
+2. What a piece of workmanship is MAN`! How noble in REASON`! How
+infinite in FACULTIES`!
+
+3. O FOOLS`! and _slow of heart_ to believe all that the prophets have
+written concerning me`! BIBLE.
+
+4. HENCE`, HOME`, _you idle creatures_`, GET YOU HOME`, YOU BLOCKS`, YOU
+STONES`, YOU WORSE THAN USELESS THINGS`!
+
+5. Avaunt`! and quit my sight`! let the earth hide thee`! Thy bones are
+marrowless`; thou hast no speculation in thine eyes which thou dost
+glare` with. SHAKSPEARE.
+
+6. Slave, do thy office`! Strike`, as I struck the foe`!
+ Strike`, as I would have struck the tyrants`!
+ Strike deep as my curse`! Strike`, and but once`! ID.
+
+
+RULE IX. An emphatic succession of particulars, and emphatic repetition,
+require the _falling_ inflection.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. _Beware_` what earth calls happiness; BEWARE`
+ All joys but joys that never can expire`.
+
+2. A great mind`, a great heart`, a great orator`, a great career`, have
+been consigned to history`. BUTLER.
+
+REMARK.--The stress of voice on each successive particular, or
+repetition, should gradually be increased as the subject advances.
+
+The CIRCUMFLEX is a union of the two inflections on the same word,
+beginning either with the _falling_ and ending with the _rising_, or
+with the _rising_ and ending with the _falling_; as, If he goes to ____
+I shall go to ____.
+
+The circumflex is mainly employed in the language of irony, and in
+expressing ideas implying some condition, either expressed or
+understood.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. You, a beardless youth, pretend to teach a British general.
+
+2. What! shear a wolf? a prowling wolf?
+
+3. My father's trade? ah, really, that's too bad!
+ My father's trade? Why, blockhead, are you mad?
+ My father, sir, did never stoop so low,--
+ He was a gentleman, I'd have you know.
+
+4. What! confer a crown on the author of the public calamities?
+
+5. But you are very wise men, and deeply learned in the truth; we are
+weak, contemptible, mean persons.
+
+6. They pretend they come to improve our state, enlarge our thoughts,
+and free us from error.
+
+7. But youth, it seems, is not my only crime; I have been accused of
+acting a theatrical part.
+
+8. And this man has become a god and Cassius a wretched creature.
+
+
+
+
+SECTION IV.
+
+MODULATION.
+
+MODULATION implies those variations of the voice, heard in reading or
+speaking, which are prompted by the feelings and emotions that the
+subject inspires.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+EXPRESSIVE OF COURAGE AND CHIVALROUS EXCITEMENT.
+
+ FULL .- Once more unto the breach, dear friends, _once more_,
+ TONE '- Or close the wall up with our English dead!
+ MIDDLE .- In peace, there's nothing so becomes a man,
+ TONE '- As modest stillness and humility;
+ .- But when the blast of war blows in our ears,
+ SHORT | Then imitate the action of the tiger;
+ AND + Stiffen the sinews, summon up the blood,
+ QUICK '- Disguise fair nature with hard-favored rage.
+ .- _On_, ON, you noblest English,
+ HIGH | Whose blood is fetched from fathers of war-proof!
+ AND + _Fathers_, that, like so many Alexanders,
+ LOUD | Have, in these parts, from morn till even fought,
+ '- And sheathed their swords for lack of argument.
+ QUICK .- I see you stand like greyhounds in the slips,
+ AND | Straining upon the start. The game's afoot;
+ VERY + Follow your spirits, and, upon this charge,
+ LOUD '- CRY--HEAVEN FOR HARRY! ENGLAND! AND ST. GEORGE!
+
+ SHAKSPEARE.
+
+REMARK.--To read the foregoing example in one dull, monotonous tone of
+voice, without regard to the sentiment expressed, would render the
+passage extremely insipid and lifeless. But by a proper modulation of
+the voice, it infuses into the mind of the reader or hearer the most
+animating and exciting emotions.
+
+The voice is modulated in _three_ different ways. _First_, it is varied
+in PITCH; that is, from _high_ to _low_ tones, and the reverse.
+_Secondly_, it is varied in QUANTITY, or in _loudness_ or _volume_ of
+sound. _Thirdly_, it is varied in QUALITY, or in the _kind_ of sound
+expressed.
+
+
+PITCH OF VOICE.
+
+Pitch of voice has reference to its degree of elevation.
+
+Every person, in reading or speaking, assumes a certain pitch, which may
+be either _high_ or _low_, according to circumstances, and which has a
+governing influence on the variations of the voice, above and below it.
+This degree of elevation is usually called the KEY NOTE.
+
+As an exercise in varying the voice in pitch, the practice of uttering a
+sentence on the several degrees of elevation, as represented in the
+following scale, will be found beneficial. First, utter the musical
+syllables, then the vowel sound, and lastly, the proposed
+sentence,--ascending and descending.
+
+ ---------8.--do--#--_e_-in-m_e_.---Virtue alone survives.----
+ 7. si # _i_ in d_i_e. Virtue alone survives.
+ -------6.--la--#--_o_-in-d_o_.---Virtue alone survives.------
+ 5. sol # _o_ in n_o_. Virtue alone survives.
+ -----4.--fa--#--_a_-in-_a_t.---Virtue alone survives.--------
+ 3. mi # _a_-in _a_te. Virtue alone survives.
+ ---2.--re--#--_a_-in-f_a_r.--Virtue alone survives.----------
+ 1. do # _a_ in _a_ll. Virtue alone survives
+
+Although the voice is capable of as many variations in speaking, as are
+marked on the musical scale, yet for all the purposes of ordinary
+elocution, it will be sufficiently exact if we make but _three_ degrees
+of variation, viz., the _Low_, the _Middle_, and the _High_.
+
+1. THE LOW PITCH is that which falls below the usual speaking key, and
+is employed in expressing emotions of _sublimity_, _awe_, and
+_reverence_.
+
+EXAMPLE.
+
+ Silence, how dead! darkness, how profound!
+ Nor eye, nor list'ning ear, an object finds;
+ Creation sleeps. 'Tis as the general pulse
+ Of life stood still, and Nature made a pause.--
+ An awful pause! prophetic of her end.
+ YOUNG.
+
+2. THE MIDDLE PITCH is that usually employed in common conversation, and
+in expressing _unimpassioned thought_ and _moderate emotion_.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. It was early in a summer morning, when the air was cool, the earth
+moist, the whole face of the creation fresh and gay, that I lately
+walked in a beautiful flower garden, and, at once, regaled the senses
+and indulged the fancy. HERVEY.
+
+2.
+ "_I love to live_," said a prattling boy,
+ As he gayly played with his new-bought toy,
+ And a merry laugh went echoing forth,
+ From a bosom filled with joyous mirth.
+
+3. THE HIGH PITCH is that which rises above the usual speaking key, and
+is used in expressing _joyous_ and _elevated feelings_.
+
+EXAMPLE.
+
+ Higher, _higher_, EVER HIGHER,--
+ Let the watchword be "ASPIRE!"
+ Noble Christian youth;
+ Whatsoe'er be God's behest,
+ Try to do that duty best,
+ In the strength of Truth.
+ M.F. TUPPER.
+
+
+QUANTITY.
+
+QUANTITY is two-fold;--consisting in FULLNESS or VOLUME of sound, as
+_soft_ or _loud_; and in TIME, as _slow_ or _quick_. The former has
+reference to STRESS; the latter, to MOVEMENT.
+
+The degrees of variation in quantity are numerous, varying from a
+slight, soft whisper to a vehement shout. But for all practical
+purposes, they may be considered as _three_, the same as in pitch;--the
+_soft_, the _middle_, and the _loud_.
+
+For exercise in quantity, let the pupil read any sentence, as,
+
+ "Beauty is a fading flower,"
+
+first in a slight, soft tone, and then repeat it, gradually increasing
+in quantity to the full extent of the voice. Also, let him read it first
+very slowly, and then repeat it, gradually increasing the movement. In
+doing this, he should be careful not to vary the pitch.
+
+In like manner, let him repeat any vowel sound, or all of them, and also
+inversely. Thus:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Transcriber's Note: The illustration is a row of the letter "O,"
+increasing in size across the page, followed by a row of the letter "O"
+decreasing in size. The presumed intent is to convey loudness.]
+
+
+REMARK.--Quantity is often mistaken for Pitch. But it should be borne in
+mind that quantity has reference to _loudness_ or _volume_ of sound, and
+pitch to the _elevation_ or _depression_ of a tone. The difference may
+be distinguished by the slight and heavy strokes on a bell;--both of
+which produce sounds alike in _pitch_; but they differ in _quantity_ or
+_loudness_, in proportion as the strokes are light or heavy.
+
+
+RULES FOR QUANTITY.
+
+1. SOFT, OR SUBDUED TONES, are those which range from a whisper to a
+complete vocality, and are used to express _fear_, _caution_, _secrecy_,
+_solemnity_, and all _tender emotions_.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1.
+ We watched her breathing through the night,
+ Her breathing soft and low,
+ As in her breast the wave of life
+ Kept heaving to and fro. HOOD.
+
+2.
+ Softly, peacefully,
+ Lay her to rest;
+ Place the turf lightly,
+ On her young breast. D.E. GOODMAN.
+
+3.
+ The loud wind dwindled to a whisper low,
+ And sighed for pity as it answered,--"No."
+
+2. A MIDDLE TONE, or medium loudness of voice, is employed in reading
+_narrative_, _descriptive_, or _didactic sentences_.
+
+EXAMPLE.
+
+ I love my country's pine-clad hills,
+ Her thousand bright and gushing rills,
+ Her sunshine and her storms;
+ Her rough and rugged rocks that rear
+ Their hoary heads high in the air,
+ In wild fantastic forms.
+
+3. A LOUD TONE, or fullness and stress of voice, is used in expressing
+_violent passions_ and _vehement emotions_.
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1.
+ STAND! _the ground's your own_, my braves,--
+ Will ye give it up to _slaves_?
+ Will ye look for _greener graves_?
+ Hope ye mercy still?
+ What's the mercy _despots_ feel?
+ Hear it in that _battle-peal_,--
+ Read it on yon bristling steel,
+ Ask it--_ye who will!_ PIERPONT.
+
+2.
+ "HOLD!" Tyranny cries; but their resolute breath
+ Sends back the reply: "INDEPENDENCE or DEATH!"
+
+
+QUALITY.
+
+QUALITY has reference to _the kind of sound_ uttered.
+
+Two sounds may be alike in quantity and pitch, yet differ in quality.
+The sounds produced on the clarinet and flute may agree in pitch and
+quantity, yet be unlike in quality. The same is true in regard to the
+tones of the voice of two individuals. This difference is occasioned
+mainly by the different positions of the vocal organs.
+
+The qualities of voice mostly used in reading or speaking, and which
+should receive the highest degree of culture, are the _Pure Tone_, the
+_Orotund_, the _Aspirated_, and the _Guttural_.
+
+RULES FOR QUALITY.
+
+1. THE PURE TONE is a clear, smooth, sonorous flow of sound, usually
+accompanied with the middle pitch of voice, and is adapted to express
+emotions of _joy, cheerfulness, love_, and _tranquillity_.
+
+EXAMPLE.
+
+ Hail! beauteous stranger of the wood,
+ Attendant on the spring,
+ Now heaven repairs thy vernal seat,
+ And woods thy welcome sing.
+
+2. THE OROTUND is a full, deep, round, and pure tone of voice,
+peculiarly adapted in expressing _sublime_ and _pathetic emotions_.
+
+EXAMPLE.
+
+ It thunders! Sons of dust, in reverence bow!
+ Ancient of Days! Thou speakest from above:
+ Almighty! trembling, like a timid child,
+ I hear thy awful voice. Alarmed--afraid--
+ I see the flashes of thy lightning wild,
+ And in the very grave would hide my head.
+
+3. THE ASPIRATED TONE of voice is not a pure, vocal sound, but rather a
+forcible breathing utterance, and is used to express _amazement, fear,
+terror, anger, revenge, remorse_, and _fervent emotions_.
+
+EXAMPLE.
+
+ Oh, coward conscience, how dost thou affright me!
+ The lights burn blue. It is now dead midnight;
+ Cold, fearful drops stand on my trembling flesh.
+
+4. THE GUTTURAL QUALITY is a deep, aspirated tone of voice, used to
+express _aversion, hatred, loathing_, and _contempt_.
+
+EXAMPLE.
+
+ Tell me I _hate_ the bowl?
+ HATE is a feeble word:
+ I _loathe_, ABHOR, my very soul
+ With strong disgust is stirred,
+ Whene'er I see, or hear, or tell,
+ Of the dark beverage of hell.
+
+
+NOTATION IN MODULATION.
+
+ (o) high.
+ (oo) high and loud.
+ ([o]) low.
+ ([oo]) low and loud.
+ (=) quick.
+ (_''_) short and quick.
+ (_sl_.) slow.
+ (_p_.) soft.
+ (_pp_.) very soft.
+ (_f_.) loud.
+ (_ff_.) very loud.
+ (_pl_.) plaintive.
+ (<) increase.
+ (>) decrease.
+
+EXAMPLES FOR EXERCISE IN MODULATION.
+
+
+ (_p_.) Soft is the strain when zephyr gently blows,
+ And the smooth stream in smoother numbers flows;
+ (_f_.) But when loud surges lash the sounding shore,
+ The hoarse rough verse should like the torrent roar.
+
+ (_sl_.) When Ajax strives some rock's vast weight to throw,
+ The line, too, labors, and the words move slow:
+ (=) Not so, when swift Camilla scours the plain,
+ Flies o'er the unbending corn, and skims along the main. POPE.
+
+
+ (o=) Go ring the bells and fire the guns,
+ And fling the starry banner out;
+ (_ff_.) Shout "FREEDOM" till your lisping ones
+ Give back the cradle shout. WHITTIER.
+
+
+ (_pl_.) "And now, farewell! 'Tis hard to give thee up,
+ With death so like a gentle slumber on thee!--
+ And thy dark sin!--oh! I could drink the cup
+ If from this woe its bitterness had won thee.
+ May God have called thee, like a wanderer, home,
+ My lost boy, Absalom!" WILLIS.
+
+
+ (_sl_.) The sun hath set in folded clouds,--
+ Its twilight rays are gone,
+ (o) And, gathered in the shades of night,
+ The storm is rolling on.
+ (_pl_.) Alas! how ill that bursting storm
+ (>) The fainting spirit braves,
+ (_p_.) When they,--the lovely and the lost,--
+ (_pl_.) Are gone to early graves!
+
+
+ (o) On! onward still! o'er the land he sweeps,
+ (>) With wreck, and ruin, and rush, and roar,
+ Nor stops to look back
+ On his dreary track
+ (_''_) But speeds to the spoils before. MISS J.H. LEWIS.
+
+
+From every battle-field of the revolution--from Lexington and Bunker
+Hill--from Saratoga and Yorktown--from the fields of Entaw--from the
+cane-brakes that sheltered the men of Marion--the repeated,
+long-prolonged echoes came up--(_f_.) "THE UNION: IT MUST BE PRESERVED"
+(<) From every valley in our land--from every cabin on the pleasant
+mountain sides--from the ships at our wharves--from the tents of the
+hunter in our westernmost prairies--from the living minds of the living
+millions of American freemen--from the thickly coming glories of
+futurity--the shout went up, like the sound of many waters,
+(_ff._) "THE UNION: IT MUST BE PRESERVED." BANCROFT.
+
+
+ (_p_.) Hark!
+ (_sl_.) Along the vales and mountains of the earth
+ ([o]) There is a deep, portentous murmuring,
+ (=) Like the swift rush of subterranean streams,
+ Or like the mingled sounds of earth and air,
+ When the fierce tempest, with sonorous wing,
+ Heaves his deep folds upon the rushing winds,
+ (<) And hurries onward, with his night of clouds,
+ Against the eternal mountains. 'Tis the voice
+ Of infant FREEDOM,--and her stirring call
+ Is heard and answered in a thousand tones
+ (<) From every hill-top of her western home;
+ And lo! it breaks across old Ocean's flood,--
+ (oo) And "FREEDOM! FREEDOM!" is the answering shout
+ Of nations, starting from the spell of years. G.D. PRENTICE.
+
+
+ (<) The thunders hushed,--
+ The trembling lightning fled away in fear,--
+ (_p._) The foam-capt surges sunk to quiet rest,--
+ The raging winds grew still,--
+ (_pp_.) There was a calm.
+ (o,o,) "Quick! Man the boat!" (=) Away they spring
+ The stranger ship to aid,
+ (_f_.) And loud their hailing voices ring,
+ As rapid speed they made.
+
+
+ (p) Hush! lightly tread! still tranquilly she sleeps;
+ I've watched, suspending e'en my breath, in fear
+ To break the heavenly spell. (_pp_.) Move silently.
+ Can it be?
+ Matter immortal? and shall spirit die?
+ Above the nobler, shall less nobler rise?
+ (<) Shall man alone, for whom all else revives,
+ No resurrection know? (o<) Shall man alone,
+ Imperial man! be sown in barren ground,
+ Less privileged than grain, on which he feeds? YOUNG.
+
+
+ (=) Away! away to the mountain's brow,
+ Where the trees are gently waving;
+ (_''_) Away! away to the vale below,
+ Where the streams are gently laving.
+
+
+ An hour passed on;--the Turk awoke;--
+ That bright dream was his last;--
+ He woke--to hear his sentry's shriek,
+ (oo) "To ARMS! they come! (_ff_.) THE GREEK! THE GREEK!"
+ (_pl_.) He woke to die, midst flame and smoke,
+ And shout, and groan, and sabre stroke,
+ And death shots falling thick and fast
+ As lightnings from the mountain cloud;
+ And heard, with voice as trumpet loud,
+ Bozzaris cheer his band;--
+ (oo) "_Strike_--till the last armed foe expires!
+ _Strike_--for your altars and your fires!
+ _Strike_--for the green graves of your sires!
+ God, and your native land!" HALLECK.
+
+
+ He said, and on the rampart hights arrayed
+ His trusty warriors, few, but undismayed;
+ (_sl_) Firm paced and slow, a horrid front they form,
+ (_pp_) Still as the breeze, ([oo]) but dreadful as the storm!
+ (_p_.) Low, murmuring sounds along their banners fly,
+ (_ff_.) REVENGE, or DEATH!--the watchword and reply;
+ (oo) Then pealed the notes, omnipotent to charm,
+ (_f_.) And the loud tocsin tolled their last alarm! CAMPBELL.
+
+
+ ([o]') His speech was at first low toned and slow. Sometimes
+ his voice would deepen, ([oo]) like the sound of distant
+ thunder; and anon, (_''_) his flashes of wit and enthusiasm
+ would light up the anxious faces of his hearers, (<) like the
+ far-off lightning of a coming storm.
+
+
+ (>) Receding now, the dying numbers ring
+ (_p_.) Fainter and fainter, down the rugged dell:
+ (_pp_.) And now 'tis silent all--enchantress, fare thee well.
+
+
+ (=) Oh, joy to the world! the hour is come,
+ When the nations to freedom awake,
+ When the royalists stand agape and dumb,
+ And monarchs with terror shake!
+ Over the walls of majesty,
+ "Upharsin" is writ in words of fire,
+ And the eyes of the bondmen, wherever they be,
+ Are lit with their wild desire.
+ (<) Soon, soon shall the thrones that blot the world,
+ Like the Orleans, into the dust be hurl'd,
+ And the world roll on, like a hurricane's breath,
+ Till the farthest nation hears what it saith.--
+ (_ff_.) "ARISE! ARISE! BE FREE!" T.B. READ.
+
+
+ (_p_.[o]) Tread softly--bow the head,--
+ In reverent silence bow,--
+ No passing bell doth toll,--
+ (_pl_.) Yet an immortal soul
+ Is passing now. MRS. SOUTHEY.
+
+
+(o[_f_].) SPEAK OUT, my friends; would you exchange it for the DEMON'S
+DRINK, (_ff_.) ALCOHOL? A _shout_, like the _roar_ of a tempest,
+answered, (oo) NO!
+
+
+ (oo) The combat deepens! (_ff_.) ON! YE BRAVE!
+ (=) Who rush to GLORY, (_p_.) or the GRAVE!
+ (_ff_.) WAVE, _Munich_, all thy banners WAVE!
+ And CHARGE with all thy CHIVALRY!
+ (_pl_.) Ah! few shall part where many meet!
+ The snow shall be their winding sheet,
+ And every turf beneath their feet
+ (_sl._[o]) Shall be a soldier's sepulcher! CAMPBELL.
+
+
+ (_sl_.) At length, o'er Columbus slow consciousness breaks,
+ (oo) "LAND! LAND!" cry the sailors; (_ff_.) "LAND! LAND!"--he
+ awakes,--
+ (_''_) He runs,--yes! behold it! it blesseth his sight!
+ THE LAND! _O, dear spectacle! transport! delight!_
+
+
+
+
+SECTION V.
+
+THE RHETORICAL PAUSE.
+
+RHETORICAL PAUSES are those which are frequently required by the voice
+in reading and speaking, although the construction of the passage admits
+of no grammatical point.
+
+These pauses should be as manifest to the ear, as those which are
+indicated by the comma, semicolon, or other grammatical points, though
+not commonly denoted by any visible sign. In the following examples they
+are denoted thus, (||).
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1.
+ In slumbers of midnight || the sailor-boy lay,
+ His hammock swung loose || at the sport of the wind;
+ But watch-worn and weary, || his cares flew away,
+ And visions of happiness || danced o'er his mind. DIMOND.
+
+2.
+ There is a land, || of every land the pride,
+ Beloved of heaven || o'er all the world beside;
+ Where brighter suns || dispense serener light,
+ And milder moons || imparadise the night.
+ O, thou shalt find, || howe'er thy footsteps roam,
+ That land thy country, || and that spot thy home!
+
+This pause is generally made before or after the utterance of some
+important word or clause on which it is especially desired to fix the
+attention. In such cases it is usually denoted by the use of the dash
+(--).
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+1. God said--"_Let there be light!_"
+
+2.
+ All dead and silent was the earth,
+ In deepest night it lay;
+ The Eternal spoke creation's word,
+ And called to being--Day!
+
+No definite rule can be given with reference to the length of the
+rhetorical, or grammatical pause. The correct taste of the reader or
+speaker must determine it. For the voice should sometimes be suspended
+much longer at the same pause in one situation than in another; as in
+the two following
+
+EXAMPLES.
+
+LONG PAUSE.
+
+Pause a moment. I heard a footstep. Listen now. I heard it again; but it
+is going from us. It sounds fainter,--still fainter. It is gone.
+
+SHORT PAUSE.
+
+John, be quick. Get some water. Throw the powder overboard. "It can not
+be reached." Jump into the boat, then. Shove off. There goes the powder.
+Thank Heaven. We are safe.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+REMARKS TO TEACHERS.
+
+It is of the utmost importance, in order to secure an easy and elegant
+style in reading, to refer the pupil often to the more important
+principles involved in a just elocution. To this end, it will be found
+very advantageous, occasionally to review the rules and directions given
+in the preceding pages, and thus early accustom him to apply them in the
+subsequent reading lessons. For a wider range of examples and
+illustrations, it is only necessary to refer to the numerous and various
+exercises which form the body of this book. They have been selected, in
+many cases, with a special view to this object.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+PART SECOND.
+
+
+LESSON I.
+
+ HER' O ISM, bravery; courage.
+ MA LI'' CIOUS, ill disposed; resentful.
+ AM BI'' TION, eager desire.
+ SAR CAS' TIC, severe; cutting.
+ DE RIS' ION, ridicule.
+ CON FER' RED, bestowed.
+ RES' CU ED, saved; preserved.
+ DIS AS' TER, calamity.
+ IN CLIN' ED, disposed.
+ SYM' PA THY, fellow-feeling.
+ TEN' DER ED, offered.
+ A POL' O GY, excuse.
+
+
+TRUE HEROISM.
+
+OSBORNE.
+
+1. I shall never forget a lesson which I received when quite a young
+lad, while attending an Academy. Among my schoolmates were Hartly and
+Vincent. They were both older than myself, and Vincent was looked up to,
+as a sort of leader in matters of opinion, and in directing our sports.
+
+2. He was not, at heart, a malicious boy; but he had a foolish ambition
+of being thought witty and sarcastic; and he made himself feared by a
+habit of turning things into ridicule. He seemed to be constantly
+looking out for something to occur, which he could turn into derision.
+
+3. Hartly was a new scholar, and little was known of him among the boys.
+One morning as we were on our way to school, he was seen driving a cow
+along the road toward the pasture. A group of boys, among whom was
+Vincent, met him as he was passing.
+
+4. "Now," said Vincent, "let us have a little sport with our country
+rustic." So saying, he exclaimed: "Halloo, Jonathan! [Footnote: A title
+frequently applied to the Yankees by the English.] what is the price of
+milk? What do you feed her on? What will you take for all the gold on
+her horns? Boys, if you want to see the latest Paris style, look at
+those boots!"
+
+5. Hartly waved his hand at us with a pleasant smile, and, driving the
+cow to the field, took down the bars of a rail-fence, saw her safely in
+the pasture, and then, putting up the bars, came and entered the school
+with the rest of us. After school, in the afternoon, he let out the cow,
+and drove her away, none of us knew where. Every day, for two or three
+weeks, he went through the same task.
+
+6. The boys who attended the Academy, were nearly all the sons of
+wealthy parents, and some of them were foolish enough to look down, with
+a sort of disdain, upon a scholar who had to drive a cow to pasture; and
+the sneers and jeers of Vincent were often repeated.
+
+7. One day, he refused to sit next to Hartly in school, on a pretense
+that he did not like the odor of the barn. Sometimes he would inquire of
+Hartly after the cow's health, pronouncing the word "ke-ow," after the
+manner of some people.
+
+8. Hartly bore all these silly attempts to wound his feelings and annoy
+him, with the utmost good nature. He never once returned an angry look
+or word. One time, Vincent said: "Hartly, I suppose your father intends
+to make a milkman of you."
+
+9. "Why not?" said Hartly. "Oh, nothing," said Vincent; "only do not
+leave much water in the cans after rinsing them--that's all!" The boys
+laughed, and Hartly, not in the least mortified, replied: "Never fear;
+if I ever rise to be a milkman, I will give _good measure_ and _good
+milk_ too."
+
+10. A few days after this conversation, there was a public exhibition,
+at which a number of ladies and gentlemen from the city, was present.
+Prizes were awarded by the Principal of the Academy, and Hartly and
+Vincent each received one; for, in respect to scholarship, they were
+about equal.
+
+11. After the prizes were distributed, the Principal remarked that there
+was _one prize_, consisting of a medal, which was _rarely_ awarded, not
+so much on account of its great value, as because the instances are
+_rare_ that merit it. It is THE PRIZE FOR HEROISM. The last boy on whom
+it was conferred, was Master Manners, who, three years ago, rescued the
+blind girl from drowning.
+
+12. The Principal then said, "With the permission of the company, I will
+relate a short story. Not long since, some boys were flying a kite in
+the street, just as a poor boy on horseback rode by, on his way to mill.
+The horse took fright, and threw the boy, injuring him so badly that he
+was carried home, and confined for some weeks to his bed.
+
+13. "None of the boys who had caused the disaster, followed to learn the
+fate of the wounded boy. There was one, however, who witnessed the
+accident from a distance, and went to render what service he could. He
+soon learned that the wounded boy was the grandson of a poor widow,
+whose only support consisted in selling the milk of a fine cow, of which
+she was the owner.
+
+14. "Alas! what could she now do? She was old and lame, and her
+grandson, on whom she depended to drive the cow to pasture, was now sick
+and helpless. 'Never mind, good woman,' said the boy, 'I can drive your
+cow.' With thanks, the poor widow accepted his offer.
+
+15. "But the boy's kindness did not stop here. Money was wanted to
+purchase medicine. 'I have money that my mother sent me to buy a pair of
+boots,' said the boy; 'but I can do without them for the present.'
+
+16. "'Oh, no!' said the old lady, 'I can not consent to that; but here
+is a pair of cowhide boots that I bought for Henry, who can not wear
+them. If you will buy them, giving me what they cost, I can get along
+very well.' The boy bought the boots, clumsy as they were, and has worn
+them up to this time.
+
+17. "When the other boys of the Academy saw this scholar driving a cow
+to the pasture, he was assailed with laughter and ridicule. His thick
+cowhide boots, in particular, were made matters of mirth. But he kept on
+cheerfully and bravely, day after day, driving the widow's cow to the
+pasture, and wearing his thick boots, contented in the thought that he
+was _doing right_, not caring for all the jeers and sneers that could be
+uttered.
+
+18. "He never undertook to explain why he drove the cow; for he was not
+inclined to display his charitable motives, and besides, in heart, he
+had no sympathy with the false pride that looks with ridicule on any
+useful employment. It was by _mere accident_ that his course of conduct
+and self-denial, was yesterday discovered by his teacher.
+
+19. "And now, ladies and gentlemen, I appeal to you. Was there not _true
+heroism_ in this boy's conduct? Nay, Master Hartly, do not steal out of
+sight behind the blackboard! You were not ashamed of _ridicule_--you
+must not shun _praise. Come forth, come forth, Master Edward James
+Hartly, and let us see your honest face!_"
+
+20. As Hartly, with blushing cheeks, made his appearance, the whole
+company greeted him with a round of applause for his _heroic conduct_.
+The ladies stood upon benches, and waved their handkerchiefs. The old
+men clapped their hands, and wiped the moisture from the corners of
+their eyes. Those clumsy boots on Hartly's feet seemed prouder
+ornaments, than a crown would have been on his head. The medal was
+bestowed on him, amid the applause of the whole company.
+
+21. Vincent was heartily ashamed of his ill-natured sneers, and, after
+the school was dismissed, he went, with tears in his eyes, and tendered
+his hand to Hartly, making a handsome apology for his past ill manners.
+"Think no more about it," said Hartly; "let us all go and have a ramble
+in the woods, before we break up for vacation." The boys, one and all,
+followed Vincent's example, and then, with shouts and huzzas, they all
+set forth into the woods--a happy, cheerful group.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. In what way did Vincent try to make derision of Hartly?
+2. How did Hartly receive it? 3. For what did Hartly receive a prize
+from his teacher? 4. How did the spectators manifest their approbation
+of Hartly's conduct?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON II.
+
+ A VERT' ED, turned aside.
+ RE PENT' ANT, contrite; sorrowful.
+ SIN CERE', honest; true-hearted.
+ SE VERE', harsh; rigid
+ TAUNTS, scoffs; insults.
+ PLATE, dishes of gold or silverware.
+ DE SERT', forsake; abandon.
+ FAIL' URE, want of success.
+ SID' ING, taking part.
+ TYR' AN NY, oppression; cruelty.
+
+
+YOU AND I.
+
+CHARLES MACKAY.
+
+1. Who would scorn his humble fellow
+ For the coat he wears?
+ For the poverty he suffers?
+ For his daily cares?
+ Who would pass him in the foot-way
+ With averted eye?
+ Would you, brother'? No`,--you _would_ not.
+ If _you_ would,--not _I_.
+
+2. Who, when vice or crime repentant,
+ With a grief sincere,
+ Asked for pardon, would refuse it,
+ More than heaven severe?
+ Who, to erring woman's sorrow,
+ Would with taunts reply?
+ Would _you_, brother'! No`,--you _would_ not.
+ If _you_ would,--not _I_.
+
+3. Would you say that Vice is Virtue
+ In a hall of state'?
+ Or, that rogues are not dishonest
+ If they dine off plate'?
+ Who would say Success and Merit
+ Ne'er part company?
+ Would _you_, brother'? No`,--you _would_ not.
+ If _you_ would,--not _I_.
+
+4. Who would give a cause his efforts
+ When the cause is strong;
+ But desert it on its failure,
+ Whether right or wrong`?
+ Ever siding with the upmost,
+ Letting downmost lie?
+ Would _you_, brother'? No`,--you _would_ not.
+ If _you_ would,--not _I_.
+
+5. Who would lend his arm to strengthen
+ Warfare with the right`?
+ Who would give his pen to blacken
+ Freedom's page of light`?
+ Who would lend his tongue to utter
+ Praise of tyranny?
+ Would _you_, brother'? No`,--you _would_ not.
+ If _you_ would,--not _I_.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What rule for the rising and falling inflections, first
+verse? See page 28. 2. Repeat the rule. 3. What rule for the falling
+inflections, fifth verse? See page 29. 4. Repeat the rule. What is the
+meaning of the suffix _en_, in the words _strengthen_, _blacken?_ See
+SANDERS and McELLIGOTT'S ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH WORDS, p. 132, Ex. 174.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON III.
+
+ WAR' FARE, conflict; struggle.
+ CLUTCH ES, paws; firm grasp.
+ DO MIN' ION, rule; sway.
+ PIN' ION, wing; as of a bird.
+ PRE' CIOUS, costly; valuable.
+ SCOFF' ER, scorner.
+ VA' RI ED, changing; different.
+ WAVES, moves to and fro.
+ PRO PHET' IC, (_ph_ like _f_.) foretelling.
+ DE SPISE', scorn; disdain.
+ GOAL, the mark that bounds a race.
+ BECK' ON, motion; invite with the hand.
+
+
+LIFE'S WORK.
+
+1. _Life is onward:_ use it
+ With a forward aim;
+ Toil is heavenly: choose it,
+ And its warfare claim.
+ Look not to another
+ To perform your will;
+ Let not your own brother
+ Keep your warm hand still.
+
+2. _Life is onward:_ never
+ Look upon the past;
+ It would hold you ever
+ In its clutches fast.
+ _Now_ is your dominion;
+ Weave it as you please;
+ Bid not the soul's pinion
+ To a bed of ease.
+
+3. _Life is onward:_ try it,
+ Ere the day is lost;
+ It hath virtue: buy it,
+ At whatever cost.
+ If the World should offer
+ Every precious gem,
+ Look not at the scoffer,
+ Change it not for them.
+
+4. _Life is onward:_ heed it,
+ In each varied dress;
+ Your own _act_ can speed it
+ On to happiness.
+ His bright pinion o'er you
+ Time waves not in vain,
+ If Hope chant before you
+ Her prophetic strain.
+
+5. _Life is onward:_ prize it,
+ In sunshine and in storm;
+ Oh! do not despise it
+ In its humblest form.
+ Hope and Joy together,
+ Standing at the goal,
+ Through life's darkest weather
+ Beckon on the soul.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What do _it_ and _them_ refer to, third verse, last line?
+2. Repeat the word _sunshine_ several times in quick succession.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON IV.
+
+ AC CUS' TOM ED, used; habituated.
+ PLAN TA' TIONS, settlements.
+ PRO TEC' TION, safety; defense.
+ RE PROACH' FUL, reproving.
+ CAP' TUR ED, taken prisoners.
+ DE CID' ED, concluded.
+ COR O NET, little crown.
+ SA LUT' ED, greeted.
+ MON' ARCH, sovereign; ruler.
+ CON CEAL' ED, hid; secreted.
+ RE STOR' ED, brought back.
+ VI' O LENCE, outrage; wrong.
+ RE BUK' ED, reproved.
+ LEAGUE, compact; alliance.
+ TER' RI BLE, fearful; dreadful.
+ AT TEND' ANT, waiter; servant.
+
+
+THE YOUNG CAPTIVES.
+
+1. Many years ago, dining the early settlements in New England, the
+children were accustomed to gather large quantities of nuts, which grew
+in great abundance in the forests that surrounded their little
+plantations.
+
+2. In one of these nut-gatherings, a little boy and girl, the one eight
+and the other four years of age, whose mother was dead, became separated
+from their companions. On their way home, they came across some wild
+grapes, and were busily engaged in gathering them, till the last rays of
+the setting sun were fading away.
+
+3. Suddenly they were seized by two Indians. The boy struggled
+violently, and his little sister cried to him for protection; but in
+vain. The Indians soon bore them far beyond the bounds of the
+settlement. Night was far advanced before they halted. Then they kindled
+a fire, and offered the children some food.
+
+4. The heart of the boy swelled high with grief and anger, and he
+refused to eat. But the poor little girl took some parched corn from the
+hand of the Indian who held her on his knee. He smiled as he saw her eat
+the kernels, and look up in his face with a wondering, yet reproachful
+eye. Then they lay down to sleep in the dark forest, each with an arm
+over his little captive.
+
+5. Great was the alarm in the colony when these children did not return.
+Every spot was searched, where it was thought possible they might have
+lost their way. But when, at length, their little basket was found,
+overturned in a tangled thicket, they came to the conclusion that they
+must have been captured by the Indians.
+
+6. It was decided that before any warlike measures were adopted, the
+father should go peacefully to the Indian king, and demand his children.
+At the earliest dawn of morning he departed with his companions. They
+met a friendly Indian pursuing the chase, who consented to be their
+guide.
+
+7. They traveled through rude paths, until the day drew near a close.
+Then, approaching a circle of native dwellings, in the midst of which
+was a tent, they saw a man of lofty form, with a coronet of feathers
+upon his brow, and surrounded by warriors. The guide saluted him as his
+monarch, and the bereaved father, bowing down, thus addressed him:
+
+8. "King of the red men, thou seest a father in pursuit of his lost
+children. He has heard that your people will not harm the stranger in
+distress. So he trusts himself fearlessly among you. The king of our own
+native land, who should have protected us, became our foe. We fled from
+our dear homes--from the graves of our fathers.
+
+9. "The ocean wave brought us to this New World. We are a peaceful race,
+pure from the blood of all men. We seek to take the hand of our red
+brethren. Of my own kindred, none inhabit this wilderness, save two
+little buds, from a broken, buried stem.
+
+10. "Last night, sorrow entered into my soul, because I found them not.
+Knowest thou, O king, if thy people have taken my children'? Knowest
+thou where they have concealed them'? Cause them, I pray thee, to be
+restored to my arms. So shall the Great Spirit bless thy own tender
+plants, and lift up thy heart when it weigheth heavily on they bosom."
+
+11. The Indian monarch, fixing on him a piercing glance, said: "Knowest
+thou me'? Look in my eyes`! Look`! Answer me`! Are they the eyes of a
+stranger`!" The bereaved father replied that he had no recollection of
+having ever before seen his countenance.
+
+12. "Thus it is with the white man. He is dim-eyed. He looketh on the
+_garments_ more than on the _soul_. Where your plows turn up the earth,
+oft have I stood watching your toil. There was no coronet on my brow.
+But I was king. And you knew it not.
+
+13. "I looked upon your people. I saw neither pride nor violence. I went
+an _enemy_, but returned a _friend_. I said to my warriors, 'Do these
+men no harm. They do not hate Indians.' Then our white-haired prophet of
+the Great Spirit rebuked me. He bade me make no league with the pale
+faces, lest angry words should be spoken of me, among the shades of our
+buried kings.
+
+14. "Yet, again, I went where thy brethren have reared their dwellings.
+Yes; I entered thy house. _And thou knowest not this brow'?_ I could
+tell _thine_ at midnight, if but a single star trembled through the
+clouds. My ear would know _thy_ voice, though the storm was abroad with
+all its thunders.
+
+15. "I have said that I was king. Yet I came to thee hungry, and thou
+gavest me bread. My head was wet with the tempest. Thou badest me lie
+down on thy couch, and thy son, for whom thou mournest, covered me.
+
+16. "I was sad in spirit, and thy little daughter, whom thou seekest
+with tears, sat on my knee. She smiled when I told her how the beaver
+buildeth his house in the forest. My heart was comforted, for I saw that
+she did not hate Indians.
+
+17. "Turn not on me such a terrible eye. I am no stealer of babes. I
+have reproved the people who took thy children. I have sheltered them
+for thee. Not a hair of their head is hurt. Thinkest thou that the red
+man can forget kindness'? They are sleeping in my tent. Had I but a
+single blanket, it should have been their bed. Take them, and return
+unto thy people."
+
+18. He waved his hand to an attendant, and, in a moment, the two
+children were in the arms of their father. The white men were kindly
+sheltered for that night, and, the next day, they bore the children to
+their home, and the people rejoiced at their safe return.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. By whom wore those children taken captive? 2. Who went in
+search of them? 3. What did he say to the king of the tribe? 4. What
+reply did the Indian monarch make? 5. Were the children restored to
+their father? 6. What is meant by the _New World_, 9th paragraph? 7.
+What by _two little buds, from a broken, buried stem_, same paragraph?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON V.
+
+ IM' AGE. form; likeness.
+ ELAPS' ED, glided away.
+ WAY' WARD NESS, perverseness.
+ SHUD' DER ING, chilling tremor.
+ PAS' SION ATE, easily excited to anger.
+ MAS' TER Y, rule; sway.
+ HEAD' STRONG, stubborn; obstinate.
+ UN DER WENT', experienced.
+ AF FEC' TION, love; attachment.
+ THRESH' OLD, entrance.
+ ANX I' E TY, care; solicitude.
+ PER PET' U AL, continual.
+
+
+MY MOTHER'S LAST KISS.
+
+MRS. E. OAKES SMITH.
+
+1. I was but five years old when my mother died; but her image is as
+fresh in my mind, now that twenty years have elapsed, as it was at the
+time of her death. I remember her, as a pale, gentle being, with a sweet
+smile, and a voice soft and cheerful when she praised me; and when I had
+erred, (for I was a wild, thoughtless child,) there was a mild and
+tender earnestness in her reproofs, that always went to my little heart.
+
+2. Methinks I can now see her large, blue eyes moist with sorrow,
+because of my childish waywardness, and hear her repeat: "My child, how
+can you grieve me so?" She had, for a long time, been pale and feeble,
+and sometimes there would come a bright spot on her cheek, which made
+her look so lovely, I thought she must be well. But then she spoke of
+dying, and pressed me to her bosom, and told me to be good when she was
+gone, and to love my father, and be kind to him; for he would have no
+one else to love.
+
+3. I recollect she was ill all day, and my little hobbyhorse and whip
+were laid aside, and I tried to be very quiet. I did not see her for the
+whole day, and it seemed very long. At night, they told me my mother was
+too sick to kiss me, as she always had done before I went to bed, and I
+must go without it. But I could not. I stole into the room, and placing
+my lips close to hers, whispered: "Mother, dear mother, won't you kiss
+me?"
+
+4. Her lips were very cold, and when she put her hand upon my cheek, and
+laid my head on her bosom, I felt a cold shuddering pass all through me.
+My father carried me from the room; but he could not speak. After they
+put me in bed, I lay a long while thinking; I feared my mother would,
+indeed, die; for her cheek felt cold, as my little sister's did when she
+died, and they carried her little body away where I never saw it again.
+But I soon fell asleep.
+
+5. In the morning I rushed to my mother's room, with a strange dread of
+evil to come upon me. It was just as I feared. A white linen covered her
+straight, cold form. I removed it from her face: her eyes were closed,
+and her cheeks were hard and cold. But my mother's dear, dear smile was
+there, or my heart would have broken.
+
+6. In an instant, all the little faults, for which she had so often
+reproved me, rushed upon my mind. I longed to tell her how good I would
+always be, if she would but stay with me. I longed to tell her how, in
+all time to come, her words would be a law to me. I would be all that
+she had wished me to be.
+
+7. I was a passionate, headstrong boy; and never did this frame of
+temper come upon me, but I seemed to see her mild, tearful eyes full
+upon me, just as she used to look in life; and when I strove for the
+mastery over my passions, her smile seemed to cheer my heart, and I was
+happy.
+
+8. My whole character underwent a change, even from the moment of her
+death. Her spirit seemed to be always with me, _to aid the good_ and
+_root out the evil_ that was in me. I felt it would grieve her gentle
+spirit to see me err, and I _could not_, _would not_, do so.
+
+9. I was the child of her affection. I knew she had prayed and wept over
+me; and that even on the threshold of the grave, her anxiety for my
+welfare had caused her spirit to linger, that she might pray once more
+for me. I never forgot my mother's last kiss. It was with me in sorrow;
+it was with me in joy; it was with me in moments of evil, like a
+perpetual good.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What was the age of the person represented in this piece?
+2. What, when his mother died? 3. What did he say of himself when a
+child? 4. Had he ever grieved his mother? 5. What did he say of his
+_faults_, after his mother's death? 6. What did he desire to tell her?
+7. How ought you to treat your mother, in order to avoid the reproaches
+of your own conscience?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON VI.
+
+ SUR PRISE', amazement.
+ PER' ISH ED, died.
+ STINT' ED, small of size.
+ STERN, severe; harsh; rigid.
+ LOI' TER, linger; tarry.
+ STAG' GER ED, reeled to and fro.
+ FORD' ED, waded.
+ ES CAP ED, fled from.
+
+
+THE DEAD CHILD'S FORD.
+
+MRS. E. OAKES SMITH.
+
+1. "Dear mother, here's the _very_ place
+ Where little John was found,
+ The water covering up his face,
+ His feet upon the ground.
+ Now won't you tell me _all about_
+ The death of little John'?
+ And how the woman sent him out
+ Long after sun was down'?
+ And tell me _all about the wrong_,
+ And _that_ will make the story long."
+
+2. I took the child upon my knee
+ Beside the lake so clear;
+ For _there_ the tale of misery
+ Young Edward begged to hear
+ He looked into my _very_ eyes,
+ With sad and earnest face,
+ And caught his breath with wild surprise,
+ And turned to mark the place
+ Where _perished_, years agone, the child
+ Alone, beneath the waters wild.
+
+3. "A weakly orphan boy was John,
+ A barefoot, stinted child,
+ Whose work-day task was never done,
+ Who wept when others smiled.
+ Around his home the trees were high,
+ Down to the water's brink,
+ And almost hid the pleasant sky,
+ Where wild deer came to drink."
+('') "And did they come, the pretty deer'?
+ And did they drink the water here'?"
+
+4. Cried Edward, with a wondering eye:
+ "Now, mother, tell to me,
+ Was John about as _large_ as I'?
+ Pray tell, how _big_ was he'?"
+ "He was an _older_ boy than _you_,
+ And _stouter_ every way;
+ For, water from the well he drew,
+ And hard he worked all day.
+ But then poor John was sharp and thin,
+ With sun-burnt hair and sun-burnt skin.
+
+5. "His mother used to spin and weave;
+ From farm to farm she went;
+ And, though it made her much to grieve,
+ She John to service sent.
+ He lived with one, a woman stern,
+ Of hard and cruel ways;
+ And he must bring her wood to burn,
+ From forest and highways;
+ And then, at night, on cold, hard bed,
+ He laid his little, aching head.
+
+6. "The weary boy had toiled all day
+ With heavy spade and hoe;
+ His mistress met him on the way,
+ And bade him quickly go
+ And bring her home some sticks of wood,
+ For she would bake and brew;
+ When he returned, she'd give him food;
+ For she had much to do.
+ And then she charged him not to stay,
+ Nor loiter long upon the way.
+
+7. "He went; but scarce his toil-worn feet
+ Could crawl along the wood,
+ He was so spent with work and heat,
+ And faint for lack of food.
+ He bent his aching, little back
+ To bear the weight along,
+ And staggered then upon the track;
+ For John was _never_ strong;
+ His eyesight, too, began to fail,
+ And he grew giddy, faint, and pale.
+
+8. "The load was small, _quite_ small, 'tis true,
+ But John could bring no more;
+ The woman in a rage it threw,--
+ She stamped upon the floor.
+(_f_.) 'No supper you shall have to-night;
+ So go along to bed,
+ You good-for-nothing, ugly fright,
+ You little stupid-head!'"
+ Said Edward: "_I_ would _never_ go;
+ She wouldn't _dare_ to serve _me_ so!"
+
+9. "The moon-beams fell upon the child
+ As, weeping, there he lay;
+ And gusty winds were sweeping wild
+ Along the forest way,
+ When up rose John, at dead of night;
+ For he would see his mother;
+ _She_ loved her child, although _he_ might
+ Be _nothing_ to another.
+ That narrow creek he forded o'er,--
+ 'Tis nearer than around the shore.
+
+10. "But here the shore is rough, you see;
+ The bank is high and steep;
+ And John, who climbed on hands and knee,
+ His footing could not keep.
+ He backward fell, all, all alone;
+ Too weak was he to rise;
+(_pl._) And no one heard his dying moan,
+ Or closed his dying eyes.
+ How still he slept! And grief and pain
+ Could never come to him again.
+
+11. "A stranger, passing on his way,
+ Found him, as you have said;
+ His feet were out upon the clay,
+ The water o'er his head.
+ And then his foot-prints showed the path
+ He took, adown the creek,
+ When he escaped the woman's wrath,
+ So hungry, faint, and weak.
+ And people now, as you have heard,
+ Do call the place, THE DEAD CHILD'S FORD."
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Was John an orphan, or half orphan? 2. Was he drowned at
+night, or in the daytime? 8. By whom was he found? 4. What is the place
+called where he was drowned? 5. Give the rule for the rising
+inflections, as marked in the 1st, 2d, and 4th verses. 6. Why are there
+no quotation marks at the beginning of the 2d verse? 7. Why are half
+quotations used in the 3d and 8th verses? 8. How should a part of the
+8th and 10th verses be read, according to the notation marks? See page
+41.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON VII.
+
+ EX CLAIM' ED, cried out.
+ DE MAND' ING, asking; requiring.
+ A MISS', wrong; improperly.
+ AC CUS' ED, charged with.
+ BREACH, violation.
+ VIS' ION, sight; view.
+ DE SCRIP' TION, account.
+ SLUG' GARD, lazy person.
+
+
+LAME AND LAZY,--A FABLE.
+
+[Footnote: For an explanation of the term fable, see page 236.]
+
+1. Two beggars, LAME and LAZY, were in want of bread. _One_ leaned on
+his crutch, the _other_ reclined on his couch. Lame called on Charity,
+and humbly asked for a _cracker_. Instead of a cracker, he received a
+_loaf_.
+
+2. Lazy, seeing the gift of Charity, exclaimed: "What`! ask a _cracker_
+and receive a _loaf'_? Well, I will ask a loaf." Lazy now applied to
+Charity, and called for a loaf of bread. "Your demanding a loaf," said
+Charity, "proves you a _loaf_-er. You are of that class and character
+who _ask_ and _receive not_; because you ask amiss."
+
+3. Lazy, who always found fault, and had rather whine than work,
+complained of _ill-treatment_, and even accused Charity of a breach of
+an exceeding great and precious promise: "Ask, and ye shall receive."
+
+4. Charity pointed him to a painting in her room, which presented to his
+vision three personages, Faith, Hope and Charity. Charity appeared
+larger and fairer than her sisters. He noticed that her right hand held
+a pot of honey, which fed a bee disabled, having lost its wings. Her
+left hand was armed with a whip to keep off the drones.
+
+5. "I do not understand it," said Lazy. Charity replied: "It means that
+Charity _feeds_ the lame, and _flogs_ the lazy." Lazy turned to go.
+"Stop," said Charity, "instead of _coin_, I will give you _counsel_. Do
+not go and live on your poor mother; I will send you to a _rich ant_."
+
+6. "_Rich aunt'_?" echoed Lazy. "Where shall I find her'?" "You will
+find a description of her," replied Charity, "in Proverbs, sixth
+chapter, sixth, seventh, and eighth verses, which read as follows: 'Go
+to the ant, thou sluggard; consider her ways, and be wise; which, having
+no guide, overseer, or ruler, provided her meat in summer, and gathereth
+her food in the harvest.'"
+
+7. MORAL. Instead of waiting and wishing for a rich UNCLE to _die_, go
+and see how a rich ANT _lives_.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Where is the quotation in the 3d paragraph to be found?
+Answer. John, 16th chapter, 24th verse. 2. Where, the quotation in the
+sixth paragraph? 3. Why does it commence with a half quotation? Answer.
+Because it denotes a quotation within a quotation.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON VIII.
+
+ HAUGH'TY, proud; disdainful.
+ PAR TIC' U LAR LY, especially.
+ TRANS ACT', do; perform.
+ A BASH' ED, confused.
+ DIS COV' ER, find out.
+ EX AM' INE (_egz am' in_), look over; inspect.
+ REC' TI FY, correct; make right.
+ REC' OM PENSE, reward.
+ DE SERVES', merits.
+ DE CLIN' ING, failing.
+ PRE VENT' ED, hindered.
+ AP PRO BA' TION, approval.
+ PRE'CEPTS, instructions; counsels.
+ BEN E FAC' TOR, friend; one that benefits.
+ A MASS' ED, gathered.
+ A DAPT' ED, suited.
+ CON FI DEN' TIAL, trusty; trusted.
+ IN TEG' RI TY, honesty.
+
+
+FAITHFULNESS IN LITTLE THINGS.
+
+ELIZA A. CHASE.
+
+1. "Is Mr. Harris in'?" inquired a plainly, but neatly dressed boy,
+twelve or thirteen years of age, of a clerk, as he stood by the counter
+of a large bookstore.
+
+The clerk regarded the boy with a haughty look, and answered: "Mr.
+Harris is in; but he is engaged."
+
+2. The boy looked at the clerk hesitatingly, and then said: "If he is
+not particularly engaged, I would like to see him."
+
+"If you have any business to transact, _I_ can attend to it," replied
+the clerk. "Mr. Harris can not be troubled with boys like you."
+
+3. "What is this, Mr. Morley?" said a pleasant-looking man, stepping up
+to the clerk; "what does the boy want?"
+
+"He insisted on seeing you, though I told him you were engaged,"
+returned the clerk, a little abashed by the manner of his employer.
+
+4. "And what do you wish to see me about, my lad?" inquired Mr. Harris,
+kindly.
+
+The boy raised his eyes, and, meeting the scornful glance of the clerk,
+said timidly: "I wish you to look at the bill of some books which I
+bought here, about three months since. There is a mistake in it, which I
+wish to correct."
+
+5. "Ah, my boy, I see," replied Mr. Harris; "you have _overpaid_ us, I
+suppose!"
+
+"No, sir," answered the boy. "On the contrary, I purchased some books
+which are _not charged_ in the bill, and I have called to pay for them."
+
+6. Mr. Harris looked at the boy earnestly for a moment, and then asked:
+"When did you discover this mistake?"
+
+"Not until I reached home," replied the lad. "When I paid for the books
+I was in a great hurry, fearing the boat would leave before I could
+reach it, and I did not examine the bill."
+
+7. "Why did you not return before, and rectify the mistake?" asked the
+gentleman, in a tone slightly altered.
+
+"Because, sir, I live some distance from the city, and have not been
+able to return till now."
+
+8. "My dear boy," said Mr. Harris, "you have given me great pleasure. In
+a long life of mercantile business, I have never met with an instance of
+this kind before. You have _acted nobly_ and deserve a recompense."
+
+"I ask no recompense," returned the boy. "_I have done nothing but my
+duty_--a simple act of justice, and that deserves no reward, but
+itself."
+
+9. "May I ask who taught you such noble principles'?" inquired Mr.
+Harris.
+
+"My mother'," answered the boy, bursting into tears.
+
+10. "Blessed is the child who has such a mother," said Mr. Harris, "and
+blessed is the mother of such a child. Be faithful to her teachings, my
+dear boy, and you will be the staff of her declining years."
+
+"Alas, sir," said the boy, "my mother is dead! It was her sickness and
+death which prevented me from coming here before."
+
+11. "What is your name?" inquired Mr. Harris.
+
+"Edward Delong."
+
+"Have you a father living'?"
+
+"No, sir. My father died when I was an infant."
+
+12. "Where do you reside?"
+
+"In the town of Linwood, about fifty miles from this city."
+
+"Well, my boy, what are the books which were forgotten?"
+
+"Tacitus and a Latin Dictionary."
+
+13. "Let me see the bill. Ha! signed by A. C. Morley. I will see to
+that. Here, Mr. Morley!" called Mr. Harris; but the clerk was busily
+engaged in waiting on a customer at the opposite side of the store,
+bowing and smiling in the most attentive manner.
+
+14. "Edward," continued Mr. Harris, "I am not going to _reward_ you for
+what you have done; but I wish to manifest my approbation of your
+conduct in such a manner, as to make you remember the wise and excellent
+precepts of your departed mother. Select from my store any ten books you
+choose, which, in addition to the two you had before, shall be a
+_present_ to you; and henceforth, as now, my boy, remember and not
+'despise the day of small things.' If ever you need a friend, call on
+me, and I will assist you."
+
+15. The grateful boy thanked his kind benefactor, and, with tears in his
+eyes, bowed and left the store.
+
+Edward Delong wished for knowledge, and, though the scanty means left
+him by his mother, could hardly satisfy his desire, by diligence and
+economy he had advanced far beyond most boys of his age. By working
+nights and mornings for a neighbor, he had amassed, what seemed to him,
+a large sum of money, and this was expended in books.
+
+16. Edward's home was now with a man who regarded money as the chief end
+and aim of life, and severe and constant physical labor as the only
+means of obtaining that end. For two years Edward struggled with his
+hopeless condition, toiling early and late to obtain a livelihood.
+
+17. Edward now resolved to go to the city, to seek some employment,
+better adapted to promote his education. He entered the same store where
+he purchased the books, and inquired for Mr. Harris.
+
+"He is engaged," replied the polite clerk. "If you will wait a moment,
+he will be at liberty."
+
+18. "Did you wish to see me?" asked Mr. Harris of the boy, whose
+thoughts were so intense that he had not noticed the approach of his
+friend.
+
+"Mr. Harris!" exclaimed Edward, and it was all he could say. For the
+remembrance of past favors bestowed on him by his kind benefactor, so
+filled his heart with gratitude, that further utterance was denied.
+
+"My noble Edward!" said the old gentleman. "And so you needed a friend.
+Well, you shall have one."
+
+19. Five years from that time, Edward Delong was the confidential clerk
+of Mr. Harris, and, in three more, a partner in the firm. The integrity
+of purpose, which first won the regard of his benefactor, was his guide
+in after life. Prosperity crowned his efforts, and happiness blessed his
+heart,--the never-failing result of _faithfulness in little things_.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Why did Edward Delong wish to see Mr. Harris? 2. Had he
+overpaid for the books he purchased? 3. What did he say when Mr. Harris
+told him he deserved a recompense? 4. What books were not charged in the
+bill? 5. In what way did Mr. Harris manifest his approval of Edward's
+conduct? 6. How long after this, before he again called on Mr. Harris?
+7. Why could he not, at first, talk with Mr. Harris? 8. What did Edward
+finally become?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON IX.
+
+ GRACE' FUL LY, beautifully.
+ PROUD' LY, splendidly.
+ FOR' EIGN (_for' en_), distant.
+ CLIMES, countries; regions.
+ SYM' BOL, sign; emblem.
+ FEAR' FUL, dreadful; terrible.
+ CAN' NON RY, discharge of cannon.
+ JU' BI LEE, season of public joy.
+ WIT' NESS ED, seen; beheld.
+ NA' TIVE, birth-giving.
+ BOON, gift; blessing.
+ PAR' A DISE, blissful abode.
+
+
+THE AMERICAN BOY.
+
+
+SON.
+
+Father, look up, and see that flag!
+ How gracefully it flies!
+Those pretty stripes, they seem to be
+ A rainbow in the skies.
+
+FATHER.
+
+It is your country's flag, my boy,
+ And proudly drinks the light,
+O'er ocean's wave, in foreign climes,
+ A symbol of our might.
+
+SON.
+
+Father, what fearful noise is that,
+ Now thundering in the clouds?
+Why do they, cheering, wave their hat,
+ And rush along in crowds?
+
+FATHER.
+
+It is the voice of cannonry,
+ The glad shouts of the free;
+This is a day of memory,
+ 'Tis FREEDOM'S JUBILEE!
+
+SON.
+
+I wish that _I_ was now a man,
+_I'd free my country_ too,
+And cheer as loudly as the rest;
+ But, father, why don't _you_?
+
+FATHER.
+
+I'm getting old and weak; but still
+ My heart is big with joy;
+I've witnessed many a day like this,
+ Shout you aloud, my boy!
+
+SON.
+
+(oo) HURRAH, FOR FREEDOM'S JUBILEE,
+ God bless our native land!
+And may _I_ live to hold the boon
+ Of _freedom_ in my hand.
+
+FATHER.
+
+Well done, my boy, grow up, and love
+ The land that gave you birth,--
+A land where Freedom loves to dwell,--
+ A paradise on earth.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Of what is our flag a symbol? 2. What is meant by
+_Freedom's jubilee_? 3. What is the use of the apostrophes in the words
+_I'd_, _I'm_, _I've_, &c.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON X.
+
+ BIL' LOWS, waves; surges.
+ DE LIGHT', joy; pleasure.
+ DOOM, fate; end.
+ TWINK' LES, sparkles.
+ GLARE, bright, dazzling light.
+ EX PANSE', surface; extent.
+ SWEEP, pass or drive over.
+ RIFE, filled; abounding.
+ VOY' AGE, passage; journey.
+ AN' CHOR ED, moored; fixed.
+ HA' VEN, harbor.
+ PEACE' FUL LY, quietly; calmly.
+
+
+THE SAILOR BOY'S SONG.
+
+WRITTEN BY A GIRL THIRTEEN YEARS OF AGE.
+
+1.
+ (_''_) Oh! the sea, the sea
+ Is the place for me,
+ With its billows blue and bright;
+ I love its roar,
+ As it breaks on the shore,
+ And its danger to me is delight.
+
+2.
+ Oh! I love the wave,
+ And the sailor brave,
+ Who often meets his doom
+ On the ocean vast,
+ And sleeps his last
+ In a shell and coral tomb.
+
+3.
+ And, in the night,
+ The moon's soft light
+ Smiles sweetly on the foamy billow:
+ And many a star,
+ As it twinkles afar,
+ Seems to rise from a watery pillow.
+
+4.
+ In the noontide glare,
+ Oh! bright and fair
+ Is the wide expanse of ocean;
+ In the morn's first light
+ 'Tis a glorious sight,
+ So full of life and motion.
+
+5.
+ When the tempests sweep
+ The rolling deep,
+ And the angry billows swell,
+ I mind not the strife,
+ Which to me is rife
+ With thoughts that I can not tell.
+
+6.
+ When life's voyage is o'er,
+ And I sail no more
+ On the ocean's troubled breast,
+ Safe anchored above,
+ In the haven of love,
+ May the sailor boy peacefully rest.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What is meant by _coral tomb_, 2d verse? 2. What, by
+_watery pillow_, third verse.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XI.
+
+ FOUN DA' TION, commencement.
+ DO MES' TI CA TED, tamed.
+ FA' VOR ITE, one specially favored.
+ CA RESS' ED, fondled; petted.
+ GAM' BOL ING, skipping; frolicking.
+ IM' PULSE, feeling of excitement.
+ DI LAT' ED, distended.
+ SPEC TA' TORS, observers; lookers on.
+ EN DEAV' OR ED, tried; attempted.
+ ANX' IOUS, very desirous.
+ IN TER CEPT', (INTER, _between_; CEPT, _to take_ or _seize_;)
+ to stop on the way.
+ BE TRAY' ED, showed; disclosed.
+ RE STRAIN' ED, held back; checked.
+ COW' ED, depressed with fear.
+ EN GRAV' ED, cut; inscribed.
+
+In this lesson every pause is marked with its appropriate inflection.
+
+
+CHASE OF THE PET FAWN.
+
+MISS COOPER.
+
+1. Within twenty years from the foundation of our village', [Footnote:
+Cooperstown, New York.] the deer had already become scarce', and', in a
+brief period later', they had almost entirely fled from the country`.
+One of the last of these beautiful creatures, a pretty little fawn, had
+been brought in from the woods, when it was very young, and had been
+nursed and petted by a young lady in the village, until it became
+completely domesticated.
+
+2. It was graceful, as those little creatures always are, and so gentle
+and playful that it became a great favorite. Following the different
+members of the family about, it was caressed and welcomed everywhere.
+One morning, after gamboling about as usual, until weary, it threw
+itself down in the sunshine, at the feet of one of its friends, upon the
+door-step of a store.
+
+3. There came along a countryman, who, for several years, had been a
+hunter by pursuit, and who still kept several hounds, one of which came
+to the village with him, on this occasion. The dog, as it approached the
+place where the fawn lay, suddenly stopped; the little animal saw him,
+and darted to its feet.
+
+4. It had lived more than half its life among the villagers, and had
+apparently lost all fear of them; but it now seemed to know
+instinctively that an enemy was at hand. In an instant, its whole
+character and appearance seemed changed; all its past habits were
+forgotten; every wild impulse was awake; its head erect, its nostrils
+dilated, its eyes flashing.
+
+5. In another instant, before the spectators had thought of the danger,
+and before its friends could secure it, the fawn was leaping wildly
+through the street, and the hound in full chase. The by-standers were
+eager to save it; several persons instantly followed its track; the
+friends who had long fed and fondled it, were calling the name it had
+hitherto known; but, in vain.
+
+6. The hunter endeavored to call back his dog; but, with no better
+success. In half a minute, the fawn had turned the first corner, dashed
+onward toward the lake, and thrown itself into the water. But, if, for a
+moment, the startled creature believed itself safe in the lake, it was
+soon undeceived; for the hound followed in hot and eager chase, while a
+dozen village dogs joined in the pursuit.
+
+7. A large crowd collected on the bank--men, women, and
+children,--anxious for the fate of the little animal. Some threw
+themselves into boats, hoping to intercept the hound before he reached
+his prey. But the splashing of the oars, the voices of men and boys, and
+the barking of the dogs, must have filled the beating heart of the poor
+fawn with terror and anguish; as if every creature on the spot where it
+had once been caressed and fondled, had suddenly turned into a deadly
+foe.
+
+8. It was soon seen that the fawn was directing its course across a bay,
+toward the nearest borders of the forest. Immediately the owner of the
+hound crossed the bridge, ran at full speed in the same direction,
+hoping to stop his dog as he landed. On swam the fawn, as it had never
+swam before; its delicate head scarcely seen above the water, but
+leaving a disturbed track which betrayed its course alike to anxious
+friends and fierce enemies.
+
+9. As it approached the land, the interest became intense. The hunter
+was already on the same side of the lake, calling loudly and angrily to
+his dog; but the animal seemed to have quite forgotten his master's
+voice in the pitiless pursuit. The fawn touched the land; in one leap,
+it had crossed the narrow piece of beach, and, in another instant, it
+would reach the cover of the woods.
+
+10. The hound followed true to the scent, aiming at the same spot on the
+shore. His master, anxious to meet him, had run at full speed, and was
+now coming up at the same critical moment. Would the dog listen to his
+voice? Could the hunter reach him in time to seize and control him? A
+shout from the spectators proclaimed that the fawn had passed out of
+sight into the forest. At the same instant, the hound, as he touched the
+land, felt the hunter's strong arm clutching his neck.
+
+11. The worst was believed to be over; the fawn was leaping up the
+mountain-side, and its enemy restrained. The other dogs, seeing their
+leader cowed, were easily managed. A number of men and boys dispersed
+themselves through the wood in search of the little creature; but,
+without success. They all returned to the village, reporting that the
+animal had not been seen by them. Some persons thought that, after its
+fright had passed over, it would return of its own accord.
+
+12. It wore a pretty collar with its owner's name engraved upon it, so
+that it could be easily known from any other fawn, that might be
+straying about the woods. Before many hours had passed, a hunter
+presented himself before the lady, whose pet the little creature had
+been, and showed a collar with her name upon it. He said that he was out
+hunting in the morning, and saw a fawn in the distance. The little
+creature, instead of bounding away as he expected, moved toward him. He
+took aim, fired, and shot it to the heart.
+
+13. When he found the collar about its neck, he was very sorry he had
+killed it. One would have thought that that terrible chase would have
+made it afraid of man; but no; _it forgot the evil_, and _remembered the
+kindness only_; and came to meet, as a friend, the hunter who shot it.
+It was long mourned by its best friend.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Where did the lady reside who kept this pet fawn? 2. Is
+there a lake near that village? 3. What river rises in that lake? 4.
+Describe the chase of the pet fawn. 5. How came it to be shot? 6. What
+did it forget, and what remember?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XII.
+
+ IN' FLU ENCE, moral power.
+ DROOP' ED. bent over; languished.
+ TING' ED, stained; colored.
+ DEL' I CATE, soft; tender.
+ TRIB' UTE, pay; requital.
+ CASE' MENT, window.
+ PERCH' ED, alighted.
+ PLAINT' IVE, sorrowful.
+ AF FRIGHT' ED, alarmed.
+ TIM' ID, fearful; timorous.
+ RE STRAIN' ED, held back.
+ AT TEST', bear witness.
+ SUA' SION, act of persuading.
+ COM PLI' ANCE, submission.
+ PAL' ED, inclosed.
+ DE BAS' ED, degraded.
+ DE' VI ATE, wander; stray.
+ LE' NI ENT, mild; merciful.
+
+
+KINDNESS.
+
+KATE CLARENCE.
+
+1. Not _man_ alone, but _every thing_ in nature, owns its influence. I
+knew a little flower that sprang up amidst the weeds and brambles of a
+long-neglected garden; but soon drooped its slender stem, and its leaves
+grew tinged from the waste around.
+
+2. I took it to my home, supported its drooping stem, and placed it
+where the warm sunshine and refreshing showers cheered its little life.
+Again it raised its beautiful head, and its delicate buds burst forth in
+gladness; and when the winds of autumn came, the dying flower gave up to
+me its golden seeds--a thankful tribute for my love. 'Twas a little
+thing, but _kindness_ did the deed.
+
+3. There came to my casement, one winter's morning, a shivering,
+starving bird, and perched itself there, striving to tell its tale of
+suffering; but feeble were its plaintive notes, and its glossy breast
+was ruffled in the blast. I raised the window. Affrighted, the little
+wanderer spread its wings, as if to soar away; but, weak and faint, it
+sank fluttering in my outstretched hands. I drew it in. Alarmed, it
+darted round and round the room, and beat against the frosted pane. _O
+Cruelty! thou hast taught even the little birds to doubt!_
+
+4. When the little stranger grew less timid, I gave it clear water, and
+tempting food, and so, for many weeks, we dwelt together; but when came
+the first warm, sunny day, I opened my doors, and it flew away,--_away
+up, up_ into the dark-blue heavens, till it was lost to my eager gaze.
+
+5. But not an hour had passed, ere I heard the flutter of its tiny
+wings, and saw, without, its little breast glittering in the golden
+sunbeams. It had a joyous life. No wired cage restrained its restless
+wing; but, free as the summer cloud, would it come each day, and gladly
+would my delighted soul drink in the silvery notes of its gladdening
+melody.
+
+6. And it is not _birds_ and _flowers_ alone, that, treated with kindness
+flourish so brightly 'neath its heaven-born rays. Individuals, families,
+nations, attest its truth. _Legal suasion_ may frighten to compliance,
+but _moral suasion_ rules the will.
+
+7. To the erring wanderer, in the by and forbidden paths of sin, with a
+heart paled in darkness, and lost to every better feeling of his nature,
+one little word, one little act of kindness, however slight, will find a
+sunny resting-place in that sinful shade, and prove a light to guide the
+wayward one to holier and better deeds. The lion licked the hand that
+drew the thorn from his wounded foot; and Powhatan stayed the descending
+club, when the burning lips of the Indian girl pressed the prisoner's
+[Footnote: Captain Smith] pallid brow.
+
+8. And it is _ever_ thus. There beats not a heart, however debased by
+sin, or darkened by sorrow, that has not its noblest impulses aroused,
+in view of a _generous and kindly action_. The Holy Father implanted His
+own pure principles in the breast of _every one_, and widely do we
+deviate from their just dictates, when an unkind word, or an unkind act,
+wounds a broken heart, or crushes a loving, gentle nature.
+
+9. "_Speak not harshly_,--much of care
+ Every human heart must bear;
+ Enough of shadows rudely play
+ Around the very sunniest way;
+ Enough of sorrows darkly lie
+ Vailed within the merriest eye.
+ By thy childhood's gushing tears,
+ By thy grief in after years,
+ By the anguish thou dost know,
+ _Add not to another's woe._
+
+10. "_Speak not harshly_,--much of sin
+ Dwelleth every heart within;
+ In its closely caverned cells,
+ Many a wayward passion dwells.
+ By the many hours misspent,
+ By the gifts to error lent,
+ By the wrongs thou didst not shun,
+ By the good thou hast not done,
+ With a lenient spirit scan
+ The weakness of thy brother man."
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. On what has kindness an influence? 2. What influence had
+it upon the little flower? 3. What, upon the little bird? 4. What is
+said of cruelty? 5. What is said of legal and moral suasion? 6. What is
+said of the lion? 7. Of Powhatan? 8. Why ought we not to speak harshly?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XIII.
+
+ SHAFT, arrow; _here_, careless word.
+ MES' SEN GERS, message-bearers.
+ PANG, distress; anguish.
+ SPELLS, charms; enchantments.
+ SEAL' ED, closed up; under seal.
+ SEP' UL CHER, (_ch_ like _k_), grave; tomb.
+ SUM' MON ED, called.
+ AG' O NY, extreme suffering.
+ WRING, writhe.
+ UN A WARES, unconsciously.
+ MIN' GLES, unites; mixes.
+ EN DEAR' ING, kind; affectionate.
+ E CLIPSE', darkness; obscuration.
+ CHER' ISH ED, fostered.
+ EN SHRIN' ED, sacredly preserved.
+ UT' TER ED, expressed.
+
+
+CARELESS WORDS.
+
+ 1. Oh, never say a careless Word
+ Hath not the power to pain;
+ The shaft may ope some hidden wound,
+ That closes not again!
+ Weigh _well_ those light-winged messengers;
+ God marked your heedless Word,
+ And with it, too, the falling tear,
+ The heart-pang that it stirred.
+
+ 2. Words! what are Words? A simple Word
+ Hath spells to call the tears,
+ That long have lain a sealed fount,
+ Unclosed through mournful years.
+ Back from the unseen sepulcher,
+ A Word hath summoned forth
+ A form that hath its place no more
+ Among the things of Earth,
+
+ 3. Words! heed them well; some whispered one
+ Hath yet a power to fling
+ A shadow on the brow, the soul
+ In agony to wring;
+ A name, forbidden, or forgot,
+ That sometimes, unawares,
+ Murmurs upon our wak'ning lips,
+ And mingles in our prayers.
+
+ 4. Oh, Words! sweet Words! A blessing comes
+ Softly from kindly lips;
+ Tender, endearing tones, that break
+ The Spirit's drear eclipse.
+ Oh! are there not some cherished tones
+ In the deep heart enshrined?
+ Uttered but once--they passed--and left
+ A track of light behind.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What is said of _careless words_? 2. What, of _sweet
+words_? 3. What is the use of the apostrophe in _wak'ning_, third verse?
+4. What is the meaning of the suffix _less_, in the words _careless,
+heedless_? See SANDERS' NEW SPELLER, DEFINER, AND ANALYZER, page 143,
+Ex. 369.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XIV.
+
+ VEG' E TA BLES, plants.
+ DEP RE DA' TION, robbery; plunder.
+ CAP TUR' ING, catching.
+ TRES' PASS ER, transgressor.
+ AP PEAL' ED, referred.
+ COUN' SEL, lawyer; advocate.
+ AR' GU MENT, plea; reason.
+ URG' ING, enforcing; advocating.
+ MIS' CHIEV OUS, hurtful; injurious.
+ PRAC' TI CAL, pertaining to practice.
+ DIS TIN' GUISH ED, celebrated.
+ JU' RIST, one versed in law.
+ AF FECT' ED, moved; impressed.
+ FUR' NISH ED, supplied.
+ VI' O LA TED, broken; transgressed.
+ DE PRIVE', rob; hinder.
+ AL LUD' ED, referred; adverted.
+ RE STORE', give back.
+
+
+WEBSTER AND THE WOODCHUCK.
+
+BOSTON TRAVELER.
+
+1. Ebenezer Webster, the father of Daniel, was a farmer. The vegetables
+in his garden had suffered considerably from the depredations of a
+woodchuck, which had his hole or habitation near the premises. Daniel,
+some ten or twelve years old, and his older brother Ezekiel, had set a
+trap, and finally succeeded in capturing the trespasser.
+
+2. Ezekiel proposed to kill the animal, and end, at once, all further
+trouble from him; but Daniel looked with compassion upon his meek, dumb
+captive, and offered to let him again go free. The boys could not agree,
+and they appealed to their father to decide the case.
+
+3. "Well, my boys," said the old gentleman, "_I_ will be the _judge_.
+There is the _prisoner_, (pointing to the wood-chuck,) and _you_ shall
+be the _counsel_, and plead the case _for_ and _against_ his life and
+liberty."
+
+4. Ezekiel opened the case with a strong argument, urging the
+mischievous nature of the criminal, the great harm he had already done;
+said that much time and labor had been spent in his capture, and now, if
+he were suffered to live and go again at large, he would renew his
+depredations, and be cunning enough not to suffer himself to be caught
+again.
+
+5. He urged, further, that his skin was of some value, and that, to make
+the most of him they could, it would not repay half the damage he had
+already done. His argument was ready, practical, to the point, and of
+much greater length than our limits will allow us to occupy in relating
+the story.
+
+6. The father looked with pride upon his son, who became a distinguished
+jurist in his manhood. "Now, Daniel, it is _your_ turn: I'll hear what
+_you_ have to say."
+
+7. It was his first case. Daniel saw that the plea of his brother had
+sensibly affected his father, the judge; and as his large, brilliant,
+black eyes looked upon the soft, timid, expression of the animal, and he
+saw it tremble with fear in its narrow prison-house, his heart swelled
+with pity, and he urged, with eloquent words, that the captive might
+again go free.
+
+8. "God," he said, "had made the woodchuck; he made him to live, to
+enjoy the bright sunlight, the pure air, the free fields and woods. God
+had not made him, or _any_ thing, in vain; the woodchuck had as much
+right to life as any _other_ living thing."
+
+9. "He was not a destructive animal, as the wolf and the fox were; he
+simply ate a few common vegetables, of which they had plenty, and could
+well spare a part; he destroyed nothing except the little food he needed
+to sustain his humble life; and that little food was as sweet to him,
+and as necessary to his existence, as was to them the food upon their
+mother's table."
+
+10. "God furnished to them food; he gave them all they possessed; and
+would they not spare a little for the dumb creature, that really had as
+much right to his small share of God's bounty, as they themselves had to
+their portion?"
+
+11. "Yea, more, the animal had never violated the laws of his nature or
+the laws of God, as man often did; but strictly followed the simple,
+harmless instincts he had received from the hand of the Creator of all
+things. Created by God's hand, he had a right--a right from God--to
+life, to food, to liberty; and they had no right to deprive him of
+either."
+
+12. He alluded to the mute, but earnest pleadings of the animal for that
+life, as sweet, as dear to him, as their own was to them, and the just
+judgment they might expect, if, in selfish cruelty and cold
+heartlessness, they took the life they could not restore--the life that
+God alone had given.
+
+13. During this appeal, the tears had started to the old man's eyes, and
+were fast running down his sun-burnt cheeks; every feeling of a father's
+heart was stirred within him; he saw the future greatness of his son
+before his eyes, he felt that God had blessed him in his children,
+beyond the lot of most men.
+
+14. His pity and sympathy were awakened by the eloquent words of
+compassion, and the strong appeal for mercy; and, forgetting the judge
+in the man and father, he sprang from his chair, (while Daniel was in
+the midst of his argument, without thinking he had already won his
+case,) and, turning to his older son, dashing the tears from his eyes,
+exclaimed, "_Ezekiel, Ezekiel, you let that woodchuck go!_"
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What did Ezekiel propose to do with the woodchuck after
+he was caught? 2. What argument did he offer for so doing? 3. What did
+Daniel wish to do with him? 4. What argument did he offer? 4. What was
+their father's decision?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XV.
+
+ SOLVE, explain; work out.
+ PROB' LEM, question for solution.
+ COM PELL' ED, obliged.
+ IN' DO LENT, idle; lazy.
+ DINT, force; means.
+ CON' SCIOUS, self-perceived; felt.
+ DEM ON STRA' TION, formal proof.
+ RE CLIN' ING, leaning back.
+ PON' DERS, weighs; examines.
+ PROC' ESS, operation.
+
+
+DO IT YOURSELF.
+
+1. Do not ask the teacher or some classmate to solve that hard problem.
+DO IT YOURSELF. You might as well let him eat your dinner as "do your
+sums" for you. It is in studying as in eating; _he who does it_, gets
+the benefit, and not _he who sees it done_. In almost any school, the
+teacher learns more than the best scholars, simply because he is
+compelled to solve all the difficult problems, and answer all the
+questions of the indolent pupils.
+
+2. Do not ask your teacher to parse that difficult word, or assist you
+in the performance of any of your studies. DO IT YOURSELF. Never mind,
+though they _do_ look dark. Do not ask even a hint from any one. TRY
+AGAIN. Every trial increases your ability, and you will finally succeed
+by dint of the very wisdom and strength gained in the effort, even
+though, at first, the problem was beyond your skill. It is the _study_,
+and not the _answer_, that really rewards your labor.
+
+3. Look at that boy, who has just succeeded after six hours of hard
+study. How his large eye is lit up with a proud joy, as he marches to
+his class! He treads like a conqueror! And well he may. Last night his
+lamp burned, and this morning he waked at dawn. Once or twice he nearly
+gave it up. He had tried his last thought; but a new thought strikes
+him, and he ponders the last process. He tries once more, and succeeds;
+and now mark the air of conscious strength with which he pronounces his
+demonstration.
+
+4. His poor, weak schoolmate, who gave up that same problem, after his
+first trial, now looks up to him with something of a wonder, as a
+superior being. And he _is_ his superior. That problem lies there, a
+great gulf between those boys who stood side by side yesterday.
+
+5. The boy who _did it for himself_, has taken a stride upward, and what
+is better still, _has gained strength_ to take other and better ones.
+The boy who waited to see _others do it_, has lost both strength and
+courage, and is already looking for some good excuse to give up school
+and study forever.
+
+6. DO IT YOURSELF. Remember the counsel given to the artist, who lay
+reclining upon his couch, and wondering what the fates would work out
+for him. Directing his attention to a block of unhewn marble, with a
+chisel lying by its side, the sculptor in the vision is represented as
+thus addressing him: "Sir,
+
+ "There's the marble, there's the chisel,
+ Take it, work it to thy will;
+ _Thou alone_ must shape thy future,
+ Heaven send thee strength and skill!"
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Who is benefited in studying? 2. What really rewards the
+labor of study? 3. What is said of the boy who succeeded after six hours
+of hard study? 4. What, of the boy who gave up, after the first trial?
+5. What counsel was given to the artist who wondered what the fates
+would work out for him?
+
+How are the words to be read, which are printed in Italics and in
+capitals? See page 22, Note III.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XVI.
+
+ SLACK' EN, relax; lessen.
+ EN DEAV' OR, effort; exertion.
+ WHOLE' SOME, useful; salutary.
+ EX CEL', surpass; outdo.
+ OUT STRIP' PED, outrun; excelled.
+ SUR PASS' ED, excelled.
+ VIC' TO RY, conquest; triumph.
+ UT' TER MOST, very best.
+ DAR' ING, courage; bravery.
+ DE FECT', fault; deficiency.
+ REPIN'ING, fretting; complaining.
+ UN A VAIL' ING, vain; useless.
+ COR RECT', amend; make right.
+ MAX' IM, proverb; saying.
+
+
+BETTER LATE THAN NEVER.
+
+1. _Life is a race_, where some succeed,
+ While others are beginning;
+ 'Tis luck, at times, at others, speed,
+ That gives an early winning.
+ But, if you chance to fall behind,
+ Ne'er slacken your endeavor;
+ Just keep this wholesome truth in mind:
+ _'Tis better late than never!_
+
+2. If you can keep ahead, 'tis well;
+ But never trip your neighbor;
+ 'Tis noble when you can excel
+ By honest, patient labor.
+ But, if you are outstripped, at last,
+ Press on, as bold as ever;
+ Remember, though you are surpassed,
+ _'Tis better late than never!_
+
+3. Ne'er labor for an idle boast
+ Of victory o'er another;
+ But, while you strive your uttermost,
+ Deal fairly with a brother.
+ Whate'er your station, do your best,
+ And, hold your purpose ever;
+ And, if you fail to beat the rest,
+ _'Tis better late than never!_
+
+4. Choose well the path in which you run,--
+ Succeed by noble daring;
+ Then, though the last, when once 'tis won,
+ Your crown is worth the wearing.
+ Then never fret, if left behind,
+ Nor slacken your endeavor;
+ But ever keep this truth in mind:
+ _'Tis better late than never!_
+
+5. Yet, would you cure this sad defect,
+ Repining's unavailing;
+ Begin, _at once_, and _now_ correct
+ This very common failing.
+ _This day_ resolve,--_this very hour,_
+ Nor e'en a moment wait;
+ Go, make this better maxim yours,--
+ _'Tis better never late!_
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. To what is life compared, first verse? 2. What advice is
+given _if you chance to fall behind?_ 3. How ought you to treat your
+competitors? 4. What is a very common failing? 5. How may it be
+corrected? 6. What is the use of the apostrophe in the word
+_repining's_, fifth verse?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XVII.
+
+ A DOPT' ED, taken as one's own.
+ PIL' LAR ED, supported by pillars.
+ TWI' LIGHT, faint light after sunset and before sunrise.
+ THYME, (_time_,) fragrant plant.
+ VINE' YARD, plantation of grapevines.
+ DYE, hue; color.
+ SPARK' LING, emitting bubbles.
+
+
+THE ADOPTED CHILD.
+
+MISS. HEMANS.
+
+
+LADY.
+ Why wouldst thou leave me, O gentle child?
+ _Thy home_ on the mountains is bleak and wild,
+ A straw-roofed cabin with lowly wall;
+ _Mine_ is a fair and a pillared hall,
+ Where many an image of marble gleams,
+ And the sunshine of picture forever streams.
+
+BOY.
+ Oh, green is the turf where my brothers play,
+ Through the long, bright hours of the summer-day;
+ They find the red cup-moss where they climb,
+ And they chase the bee o'er the scented thyme;
+ And the rocks where the heath-flower blooms they know,
+ Lady, kind lady! oh, let me go!
+
+LADY.
+ Content thee, boy, in my bower to dwell;
+ Here are sweet sounds which thou lovest well,--
+ Flutes on the air in the stilly noon,
+ Harps which the wandering breezes tune,
+ And the silvery wood-note of many a bird
+ Whose voice was ne'er in thy mountains heard.
+
+BOY.
+ My mother sings, at the twilight's fall,
+ A song of the hills, far more sweet than all;
+ She sings it under our own green tree,
+ To the babe half-slumbering on her knee;
+ I dreamed, last night, of that music low,--
+ Lady, kind lady! oh, let me go!
+
+LADY.
+ (_pl._) Thy mother hath gone from her cares to rest;
+ She hath taken the babe on her quiet breast;
+ Thou wouldst meet her footstep, my boy, no more,
+ Nor hear her song at the cabin-door:
+ Come thou with me to the vineyards nigh,
+ And we'll pluck the grapes of the richest dye.
+
+BOY.
+ Is my mother gone from her home away?--
+ But I know that my brothers are there at play,
+ I know they are gathering the fox-glove's bell,
+ Or the long fern leaves by the sparkling well;
+ Or they launch their boats where the bright streams flow,
+ Lady, kind lady! oh, let me go!
+
+LADY.
+ Fair child, thy brothers are wanderers now,
+ They sport no more on the mountain's brow;
+ They have left the fern by the spring's green side,
+ And the streams where the fairy barks were tried:
+ Be thou at peace in thy brighter lot,
+ For thy cabin-home is a lonely spot.
+
+BOY.
+ Are they gone, all gone from the sunny hill?
+ But the bird and the blue-fly rove o'er it still,
+ And the red deer bound in their gladness free,
+ And the heath is bent by the singing bee,
+ And the waters leap, and the fresh winds blow,--
+ Lady, kind lady! oh, let me go!
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What kind of words are _straw-roofed, heath-flower,
+wood-note,_ &c.? 2. What is the use of the apostrophes in the words
+_o'er, ne'er, twilight's_, &c.?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XVIII.
+
+ AP PAR' ENT LY, evidently.
+ CEN' TU RY, hundred years.
+ GI GAN' TIC, very large.
+ SPE' CIES, sort; kind.
+ DI MEN' SION, size; bulk.
+ SUB LIME', grand; magnificent.
+ UN MO LEST' ED, free from disturbance.
+ DIS PERS' ED, separated; scattered.
+ CLAM' OR OUS, noisy; importunate.
+ IN DE CIS' ION, doubt; irresolution.
+ POIS' ED, balanced.
+ AT' MOS PHERE, surrounding air.
+ TAL' ONS, claws.
+ DIS TRI BU' TION, division.
+ EC' STA SY, excessive joy; transport.
+ PER' SE CUT ED, harassed; injured.
+
+
+THE OLD EAGLE TREE.
+
+REV. JOHN TODD.
+
+1. In a remote field stood a large tulip tree, apparently of a century's
+growth, and one of the most gigantic of that splendid species. It looked
+like the father of the surrounding forest. A single tree, of huge
+dimensions, standing all alone, is a sublime object.
+
+2. On the top of this tree, an old eagle, commonly called the "Fishing
+Eagle," had built her nest every year, for many years, and, unmolested,
+raised her young. What is remarkable, as she procured her food from the
+ocean, this tree stood full ten miles from the sea-shore. It had long
+been known as the "Old Eagle tree."
+
+3. On a warm, sunny day, the workmen were hoeing corn in an adjoining
+field. At a certain hour of the day, the old eagle was known to set off
+for the sea-side, to gather food for her young. As she this day returned
+with a large fish in her claws, the workmen surrounded the tree, and, by
+yelling, and hooting, and throwing stones, so scared the poor bird that
+she dropped her fish, and they carried it off in triumph.
+
+4. The men soon dispersed; but Joseph sat down under a bush near by, to
+watch, and to bestow unavailing pity. The bird soon returned to her nest
+without food. The eaglets at once set up a cry for food, so shrill, so
+clear, and so clamorous, that the boy was greatly moved.
+
+5. The parent bird seemed to try to soothe them; but their appetites
+were too keen, and it was all in vain. She then perched herself on a
+limb near them, and looked down into the nest with a look that seemed to
+say, "I know not what to do next."
+
+6. Her indecision was but momentary; again she poised herself, uttered
+one or two sharp notes, as if telling them to "lie still," balanced her
+body, spread her wings, and was away again for the sea!
+
+7. Joseph was determined to see the result. His eyes followed her till
+she grew small, smaller,--a mere speck in the sky,--and then
+disappeared. What boy has not often watched the flight of the bird of
+his country in this way?
+
+8. She was gone nearly two hours, about double her usual time for a
+voyage, when she again returned, on a slow, weary wing, flying
+uncommonly low, in order to have a heavier atmosphere to sustain her,
+with another fish in her talons.
+
+9. On nearing the field, she made a circuit around it, to see if her
+enemies were again there. Finding the coast clear, she once more reached
+her tree, drooping, faint, and weary, and evidently nearly exhausted.
+Again the eaglets set up their cry, which was soon hushed by the
+distribution of a dinner, such as--save the cooking--a king might
+admire.
+
+10. "GLORIOUS BIRD!" cried the boy in ecstacy, and aloud; "what a
+spirit! Other birds can fly swifter, others can sing more sweetly,
+others can scream more loudly; but what _other bird_, when persecuted
+and robbed--when weary--when discouraged--when so far from sea,--would
+have done this!
+
+11. "GLORIOUS BIRD! I will learn a lesson from thee to-day. I will never
+forget hereafter, that when the spirit is determined, it can do almost
+anything. Others would have drooped and hung the head, and mourned over
+the cruelty of man, and sighed over the wants of the nestlings; but
+_thou,_ by at once recovering the loss, hast forgotten all.
+
+12. "I will learn of thee, _noble bird!_ I will remember this. I will
+set my mark high. I will try to do something, and to be something in the
+world; _I will never yield to discouragements."_
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. How far was this Old Eagle tree from the seashore? 2. In
+what way did the workmen obtain the fish she brought for her young? 3.
+What is said of the eaglets and the parent bird, when she returned to
+the nest? 4. What did she then do? 5. What did Joseph say when she
+returned with another fish?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XIX.
+
+ AUC' TION, vendue; public sale.
+ HOME' LESS, (LESS, _without or destitute of,_) without home.
+ PEN' NI LESS, destitute of pennies.
+ WASTE' LESS, without waste.
+ UN LIGHT' ED, (UN, _not_,) not lighted.
+ SELF' ISH NESS, devoted to one's self.
+ RE VERSE' (RE, _back_ or _again_; VERSE, _turn_), turn back,
+ or exchange places.
+ AC QUIRE', gain; obtain.
+ IL LUS TRA' TION, explanation.
+ SOL' I TA RY, single.
+ DIS PEL', drive away; disperse.
+ BE NIGHT' ED, unenlightened.
+
+
+THE LIGHT OF KNOWLEDGE.
+
+ELIHU BURRITT.
+
+1. Knowledge can not be stolen from you. It can not be bought or sold.
+You may be _poor_, and the sheriff come into your house, and sell your
+furniture at auction, or drive away your cow, or take your lamb, and
+leave you homeless and penniless; but he can not lay the law's hand upon
+the _jewelry of your mind_. This can not be taken for debt; neither can
+you _give it away_, though you give enough of it to fill a million
+minds.
+
+2. I will tell you what such giving is like. Suppose, now, that there
+were no sun nor stars in the heavens, nor any thing that shone in the
+black brow of night; and suppose that a lighted lamp were put into your
+hand, which should burn wasteless and clear amid all the tempests that
+should brood upon this lower world.
+
+3. Suppose next, that there were a thousand millions of human beings on
+the earth with you, each holding in his hand an unlighted lamp, filled
+with the same oil as yours, and capable of giving as much light. Suppose
+these millions should come, one by one, to you, and light each his lamp
+by yours, would they rob you of any light? Would less of it shine on
+your own path? Would your lamp burn more dimly for lighting a thousand
+millions?
+
+4. Thus it is, young friends. In getting rich in the things which perish
+with the using, men have often obeyed to the letter that first
+commandment of selfishness: _"Keep what you can get, and get what you
+can."_ In filling your minds with the wealth of knowledge, you must
+reverse this rule, and obey this law: _"Keep what you give, and give
+what you can."_
+
+5. The fountain of knowledge is filled by its _outlets,_ not by its
+inlets. You can _learn_ nothing which you do not _teach;_ you can
+acquire nothing of intellectual wealth, except by _giving._ In the
+illustration of the lamps, which I have given you, was not the light of
+the thousands of millions which were lighted at yours, as much your
+light, as if it all came from your solitary lamp? Did you not dispel
+darkness by giving away light?
+
+6. Remember this parable, and, whenever you fall in with an unlighted
+mind in your walk of life, drop a kind and glowing thought upon it from
+yours, and set it a-burning in the world with a light that shall shine
+in some dark place to beam on the benighted.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What is said of knowledge? 2. What is the giving of
+knowledge like? 3. In getting rich, what precept have men obeyed? 4.
+What precept must be obeyed in getting knowledge? 5. How is knowledge
+best acquired? 6. What is meant by the _jewelry of the mind,_ first
+paragraph? 7. What, by _intellectual wealth,_ fifth paragraph?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XX.
+
+ EX TIN' GUISH ED, put out.
+ SOL' EMN, grave; serious.
+ GAR' RI SON, fortress furnished with soldiers, for defense.
+ SEN' TI NEL, soldier on guard.
+ CAR A VAN, company of traveling traders or pilgrims.
+ CON STEL LA' TIONS, clusters of fixed stars.
+ BRILL' IANT, shining; sparkling.
+ HOST, great multitude.
+ EX' TRA, additional.
+ CRES' CENT, form of the new moon.
+ HAIL' ED, saluted.
+ EF FUL' GENCE, splendor.
+ RE' GEN CY, rule; government.
+ WAN' ING, decreasing.
+ SUP PLI CA TION, prayer; petition.
+ RAPT' URE, great joy; transport.
+
+[Headnote 1: PAL' ES TINE includes that part of Turkey in Asia, lying on
+the eastern borders of the Mediterranean Sea.]
+
+
+NIGHT'S LESSONS.
+
+L.H. SIGOURNEY.
+
+1. The lessons of our school are over. The lights in the distant windows
+are extinguished, one after the other. The village will soon be lost in
+slumber. When all the men and the women are asleep, must we keep awake
+to learn lessons?
+
+2. In large cities, there may be heard, now and then, the rushing wheel
+of the traveler. The watchmen pace their round, and cry, _"All is
+well."_ In the long, cold nights of Norway, the watchmen who guard the
+capitol, pronounce, in a solemn tone, "God bless our good city of
+Bergen!"
+
+3. In the garrison, or the endangered fortress, the armed sentinel keeps
+watch, lest they should be surprised by the foe. But in this peaceful
+village there is no need of either sentinel or watchman. Why may we not
+go to sleep, instead of learning Night's lessons?
+
+4. My son, one of these you may learn in a moment. Did you say that all
+will soon be sleeping? No! there is one Eye that never slumbers. He who
+made all the people, keepeth watch above the everlasting hills. Commit
+yourself to His care.
+
+5. Now, will you learn with me the second lesson of the night? Lift your
+eyes to yon glorious canopy. Seest thou not there a sentinel, set by the
+Eternal, at the northern gate of heaven,--the pole-star?
+
+6. The pole-star! Blessings are breathed upon it, by the weary caravan,
+fearing the poisonous wind of the desert,--by the red forest-children,
+seeking their home beyond the far Western prairies,--and by the lonely
+mariner, upon the pathless ocean.
+
+7. The stars! See them! The oil in their lamps never burns out. These
+glorious constellations wheel their mighty course unchanged, while "man
+dieth and wasteth away, yea, man giveth up the ghost, and where is he?"
+[Footnote: Job, 14th chap., 10th verse.]
+
+8. Yon brilliant orbs maintain their places, while countless generations
+pass away, and nations disappear and are forgotten. Let us bow in
+humility before "Him who bringeth out their host by number, who calleth
+them all by names, by the greatness of His might, for that He is strong
+in power; not one faileth." [Footnote: Isaiah. 40th chap., 26th verse.]
+
+9. Thirteen times in the year, Night, the teacher, gives extra lessons.
+Will you be there to learn them? First, she hangs up a pale crescent in
+the west. The ancient Jews hailed its infant beam, and answering fires
+of joy were kindled on the hills of Palestine.[Headnote 1]
+
+10. Next, she summons forth a rounded orb, clad in full effulgence, and
+commits to it the regency when the sun retires. Lastly, a slender,
+waning crescent appears nightly, like an aged man, ready to descend into
+the night of the tomb.
+
+11.
+ "Soon as the evening shades prevail,
+ The moon takes up the wondrous tale,
+ And nightly to the listening earth,
+ Repeats the story of her birth;
+ While all the stars that round her burn,
+ And all the planets in their turn,
+ Confirm the tidings as they roll,
+ And spread the truth from pole to pole."
+
+12. These are some of Night's lessons. Are you tired of them? Or, will
+you learn one more? Lift up your heart to Him who has given you the past
+day, with thanks for its blessings,--with penitence for its
+faults,--with supplication for strength and wisdom for the time that is
+to come.
+
+13. "Day unto day uttereth speech, and night unto night showeth
+knowledge" [Footnote: Psalm 19th, 2nd verse.] of God. Thus, meekly and
+faithfully studying Night's lessons, may we find
+
+ "Even sorrow, touched by Heaven, grows bright
+ With more than rapture's ray,
+ As darkness shows us worlds of light,
+ We never saw by day."
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Who watches over us when asleep? 2. In what way is the
+pole-star useful to man? 3. What is said of the stars? 4. What extra
+lessons is it that night gives thirteen times a year? 5. Describe the
+first appearance of the moon. 6. How does it next appear? 7. Where is
+Palestine? 8. Where are the passages to be found, quoted in the 7th,
+8th, and 13th paragraphs? 9. Do you know who is the author of the 11th
+verse? Ans. Addison.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXI.
+
+ HID' DEN, secret; concealed.
+ QUAIL, sink; droop.
+ SCORN' ING, disdaining.
+ GREET' ING, salutation.
+ VIEW' LESS, not to be seen.
+ YEARN' ETH, longeth.
+ CHANT, sing; carol.
+ PORT' AL, entrance; gate-way.
+ CHEER' Y, gay; lively.
+ E TER' NI TY, endless duration.
+
+
+NATURE'S TEACHINGS.
+
+CHAMBERS' JOURNAL.
+
+
+FIRST VOICE.
+
+1. Sunlight! tell the hidden meaning
+ Of the rays thou lettest fall;
+ Are they lessons writ in burning,
+ Like God's warning on the wall?
+
+SECOND VOICE.
+
+ Strive, O man, to let a loving
+ Spirit cheer the sad and poor;
+ So shall many a fair hope blossom,
+ Where none grew before!
+
+FIRST VOICE.
+
+2. Stars! what is it ye would whisper,
+ With your pure and holy light?
+ Looking down so calm and tender
+ From the watch-tower of the night.
+
+SECOND VOICE.
+
+ When thy soul would quail from scorning,
+ Keep a brave heart and a bold;
+ As we always shine the brightest
+ When the nights are cold.
+
+
+FIRST VOICE.
+
+3. Hast thou not a greeting for me,
+ Heaven's own happy minstrel-bird'?
+ Thou whose voice, like some sweet angel's,
+ Viewless, in the cloud is heard'?
+
+SECOND VOICE.
+
+ Though thy spirit yearneth sky-ward,
+ Oh, forget not human worth!
+ I, who chant at heaven's portal,
+ Build my nest on earth.
+
+FIRST VOICE.
+
+4. River! river'! singing gayly
+ From the hill-side all day long,
+ Teach my heart the merry music
+ Of thy cheery, rippling song.
+
+SECOND VOICE.
+
+ Many winding ways I follow;
+ Yet, at length, I reach the sea.
+ Man, remember that _thy_ ocean
+ Is ETERNITY!
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What is meant by _God's warning on the wall?_ See the 5th
+chap. of Daniel. 2. What is meant by _minstrel-bird?_ Ans. The lark.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXII.
+
+ GLARE, dazzling light.
+ BLITHE' LY, gayly; joyfully.
+ WROUGHT, worked; labored.
+ RE MORSE', painful regret.
+ WANE, decrease; grow less.
+ FAN' CIES, whims; notions.
+
+ A NON._'_ is an abbreviation of _anonymous_, which means
+ _without name; nameless_. See SANDERS' ANALYSIS, page 88,
+ Exercise 108.
+
+
+SOWING AND HARVESTING.
+
+ANON.
+
+1. They are sowing their seed in the daylight fair,
+ They are sowing their seed in the noonday's glare,
+ They are sowing their seed in the soft twilight,
+ They are sowing their seed in the solemn night;
+ _What_ shall their harvest be?
+
+2. They are sowing their seed of pleasant thought,
+ In the spring's green light they have blithely wrought;
+ They have brought their fancies from wood and dell,
+ Where the mosses creep, and the flower-buds swell;
+ _Rare_ shall the harvest be!
+
+3. They are sowing the seeds of word and deed,
+ Which the cold know not, nor the careless heed,--
+ Of the gentle word and the kindest deed,
+ That have blessed the heart in its sorest need;
+ _Sweet_ shall the harvest be!
+
+4. And some are sowing the seeds of pain,
+ Of late remorse, and in maddened brain;
+ And the stars shall fall, and the sun shall wane,
+ Ere they root the weeds from the soil again;
+ _Dark_ will the harvest be!
+
+5. And some are standing with idle hand,
+ Yet they scatter seeds on their native land;
+ And some are sowing the seeds of care,
+ Which their soil has borne, and still must bear;
+ _Sad_ will the harvest be!
+
+6. They are sowing the seed of noble deed,
+ With a sleepless watch and an earnest heed;
+ With a ceaseless hand o'er the earth they sow,
+ And the fields are whitening where'er they go;
+ _Rich_ will the harvest be!
+
+7. Sown in darkness, or sown in light,
+ Sown in weakness, or sown in might,
+ Sown in meekness, or sown in wrath,
+ In the broad work-field, or the shadowy path,
+ SURE will the harvest be!
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Who are meant by _they_ in this lesson? 2. What is said
+of those who are _sowing the seeds of word and deed?_ 3. What, of those
+who are sowing the _seeds of care?_ 4. Repeat the last verse. 5. What
+passage of Scripture teaches the same idea? Ans. "Whatsoever a man
+soweth, that shall he also reap."--Gal., 6th chap., 7th verse.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXIII.
+
+ FOR' TI FI ED, strengthened by works of art for defense.
+ SUL' TRY, close; oppressively hot.
+ BOAT' SWAIN, one who has charge of a ship's boats, rigging, &c.
+ TARS, sailors.
+ MOOR' ED, anchored.
+ BUOYS, floats.
+ AN' CHOR, iron instrument for holding ships.
+ STAR' BOARD, right side of a ship.
+ FORE' CAS TLE, short deck in the fore part of a ship.
+ WAKE, track.
+ BE REFT', deprived.
+ IM' MI NENT, impending.
+ PIERC' ED, went through.
+ FORE AND AFT, before and behind.
+ SWAY' ED, swung; moved.
+ CAR' CASS, dead body.
+ EX CITE' MENT, agitation.
+ PHA' SES, forms; appearances.
+
+[Headnote 1: SA HA' RA, is a Great Desert in Africa, lying south of the
+Barbary States, and extending from the Atlantic on the west to Egypt and
+Nubia on the east. The winds that come from this desert, are hot and
+suffocating.]
+
+
+A THRILLING INCIDENT.
+
+ANON.
+
+1. Our noble ship lay at anchor in the Bay of Tangier, a fortified town
+in the extreme northwest of Africa. The day had been extremely mild,
+with a gentle breeze sweeping to the northward and westward; but, toward
+the close of the afternoon, the sea-breeze died away, and one of those
+sultry, oven-like breathings came from the great, sun-burnt Sahara
+[Headnote 1].
+
+2. Half an hour before sundown, the captain gave the cheering order for
+the boatswain to call the hands to "go in swimming;" and, in less than
+five minutes, the forms of our tars were seen leaping from the arms of
+the lower yards, into the water. One of the studding sails, with its
+corners suspended from the main yard-arm and the swinging boom, had been
+lowered into the water, and into this most of the swimmers made their
+way.
+
+3. Among those who seemed to be enjoying the sport most heartily, were
+two of the boys, Timothy Wallace and Frederic Fairbanks, the latter of
+whom was the son of our old gunner; and, in a laughing mood, they
+started out from the studding sail on a race. There was a loud ringing
+shout of joy on their lips as they put off, and they darted through the
+water like fishes. The surface of the sea was smooth as glass, though
+its bosom rose in long, heavy swells that set in from the Atlantic.
+
+4. The vessel was moored with a long sweep from both cables, and one of
+the buoys of the anchor was far away on the starboard quarter, where it
+rose and fell with the lazy swells of the waves. Toward this buoy the
+two lads made their way, young Fairbanks taking the lead; but, when they
+were within about twenty or thirty fathoms of the buoy, Wallace shot
+ahead and promised to win the race.
+
+5. The old gunner had watched the progress of his little son with a
+great degree of pride; and when he saw him drop behind, he leaped upon
+the quarter-deck, and was just upon the point of urging him on by a
+shout, when a cry was heard that struck him with instant horror.
+
+6. "_A shark! a shark!_" was sounded from the captain of the forecastle;
+and, at the sound of these terrible words, the men who were in the
+water, leaped and plunged toward the ship. Right abeam, at the distance
+of three or four cables' lengths, was seen the wake of a shark in the
+water, where the back of the monster was visible. His course was for the
+boys.
+
+7. For a moment, the gunner stood like one bereft of reason; but, on the
+next, he shouted at the top of his voice, for the boys to turn; but they
+heard him not. Stoutly the two swimmers strove for the goal, all
+unconscious of their imminent danger. Their merry laugh still rang over
+the waters, and, at length, they both touched the buoy together.
+
+8. Oh, what agony filled the heart of the gunner! A boat had put off,
+but he knew that it could not reach the boys in season, and every moment
+he expected to see the monster sink from sight,--_then_ he knew that all
+hope would be gone. At this moment, a cry reached the ship, that pierced
+every heart,--the boys had discovered their enemy.
+
+9. The cry started the old gunner to his senses, and quicker than
+thought, he sprang from the quarter-deck. The guns were all loaded and
+shotted, fore and aft, and none knew their temper better than he. With
+steady hand, made strong by sudden hope, the old gunner seized a
+priming-wire and picked the cartridge of one of the quarter guns; then
+he took from his pocket a percussion cap, fixed it in its place, and set
+back the hammer of the patent lock.
+
+10. With a giant strength the old man swayed the breech of the heavy gun
+to its bearing, and then seizing the string of the lock, he stood back
+and watched for the next swell that would bring the shark in range. He
+had aimed the piece some distance ahead of his mark; but yet a little
+moment would settle his hopes and fears.
+
+11. Every breath was hushed, and every heart in that old ship beat
+painfully. The boat was yet some distance from the boys, while the
+horrid sea-monster was fearfully near. Suddenly the air was rent by the
+roar of the heavy gun; and, as the old man knew his shot was gone, he
+sank back upon the hatch, and covered his face with his hands, as if
+afraid to see the result of his own efforts; for, if he had failed, he
+knew that his boy was lost.
+
+12. For a moment after the report of the gun had died away upon the air,
+there was an unbroken silence; but, as the dense smoke arose from the
+surface of the water, there was, at first, a low murmur breaking from
+the lips of the men,--that murmur grew louder and stronger, till it
+swelled to a joyous, deafening shout. The old gunner sprang to his feet,
+and gazed off on the water, and the first thing that met his view, was
+the huge carcass of the shark, floating on his back--a mangled, lifeless
+mass.
+
+13. In a few moments, the boats reached the daring swimmers, and,
+greatly frightened, they were brought on board. The old man clasped his
+boy in his arms, and then, overcome by the powerful excitement, he
+leaned upon a gun for support. I have seen men in all the phases of
+excitement and suspense, but never have I seen three human beings more
+overcome by thrilling emotions, than on that startling moment when they
+first knew the effect of our gunner's shot.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Where is the town of Tangier? 2. What order had been
+given by the captain of the vessel? 3. Who seemed most to enjoy the
+sport? 4. What is said of the old gunner? 5. What did he do? 6. What
+effect did his shot produce? 7. Describe the closing scene.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXIV.
+
+ DIS GUISE', concealment.
+ WAY' LAID, beset by the way.
+ THREAT' EN ED, declared the intention.
+ IN CLINE, dispose.
+ RUF' FIANS, robbers; murderers.
+ DIS TRIB'UTE, divide; apportion.
+ TREAS' UR Y, place for keeping money.
+ ALMS, gifts; donations.
+ MI' SER LY, covetous; niggardly.
+ SAL' A RY, wages; allowance for services.
+ IN VOLV' ING, entangling.
+ BE WIL' DER ED, puzzled; perplexed.
+ LOG' IC, reasoning.
+ SAGE, wise man.
+ FUL FILL' ING, performing.
+ E VA' SION, departure from truth.
+ DE CEIT', deception; fraud.
+
+
+THE TRUTHFUL KING.
+
+1. A certain Persian king, while traveling in disguise, with but few
+attendants, was waylaid by robbers, who threatened to take not only his
+goods, but his life.
+
+2. Feeling himself beyond the reach of human aid, he inwardly made a
+vow, that if God would incline the hearts of these ruffians to mercy,
+and restore him in safety to his family and people, he would distribute
+all the money then in his treasury, in alms to the needy of his realm.
+
+3. The robbers, from some unknown cause, liberated him, and he soon
+reached home in safety, having sustained no injury, save the loss of the
+small purse of gold that he had carried in his girdle.
+
+4. Desirous of keeping the vow he had made, he summoned his officers,
+and commanded them to make immediate distribution to the poor, of all
+that the treasury contained, at the time of his return.
+
+5. But his officers, more miserly than himself, and, fearful that they
+might fall short in their salaries and pensions, began to urge upon the
+monarch the folly of keeping this rash vow, and the danger of thus
+involving himself and his kingdom in difficulties.
+
+6. Finding he still remained firm, they took other grounds, and
+plausibly argued that the troops and other officials needed aid as well
+as the poor; and, as by the _words_ of his vow, he had bound himself to
+distribute the contents of the treasury to those who had claim to
+relief, the public servants certainly came within the required limits.
+
+7. Bewildered by their false logic, and sincerely desirous of doing
+right, he appealed to a certain sage who dwelt near the royal palace,
+and determined to abide by his decision.
+
+8. The sage, after hearing the case, only asked the following simple
+question: "Of whom were you thinking when you made the vow,--the poor,
+or the public servants?" The monarch replied, "Of the poor." "Then,"
+answered the sage, "it is to the _poor_ you are bound to distribute
+these funds; for you are not _really_ fulfilling your vow, unless you do
+that which you intended to do when it was made." The king was satisfied
+that this was the right decision, and did as the sage advised.
+
+9. Let the young bear in mind that God is a being of truth, requiring
+truth in the inward heart; and, if they would have His approval, and
+that of their own consciences, they must avoid not only the _outward_
+appearance of falsehood, but the slightest evasion or deceit; and when
+promises have been made, fulfill not only the _letter_, but the _spirit_
+of that which they agreed to perform.
+
+10. Beware of the first and slightest departure from truth, of the least
+endeavor to deceive, and even of the desire to have others believe what
+is not so. Let your motto be, _"The truth, the whole truth, and nothing
+but the truth."_
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What happened to a certain Persian king? 2. What vow did
+he then make? 3. What objection did his officers make to this? 4. What
+did the king then do? 5. What was the sage's decision? 6. What motto
+ought you to adopt? 7. What rule for spelling the word _traveling_ with
+one _l_? See SANDERS & McELLIGOTT'S ANALYSIS, page 13, Rule 10.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXV.
+
+ EN TIC' ES, allures; leads astray.
+ PRE TEXT, pretense; false reason.
+ PRO FANE, pollute; defile,
+ TEMP TA' TION, allurement.
+ IN' LY, within; in the heart.
+ DE CLARES, says; asserts.
+ CHAFE, vex; provoke.
+ MAL' ICE, hatred; malevolence.
+ AV' A RICE, excessive love of money.
+ FORE GO', give up; renounce.
+ MAM' MON, god of wealth; riches.
+ IN DIG' NANT, with anger; disdainfully.
+ LU' CRE, gain; profit.
+ EM PRISE', enterprise; undertaking.
+ SURE' TY, security.
+ O VER THROW', subvert; destroy.
+ CON TEMPT', scorn; disdain.
+ SOR' CER ESS, enchantress.
+ EX PEL', (EX, _out_; PEL, _to drive_) drive out; banish.
+ RE SIST', (RE, _again_; SIST, _to stand_,) stand again; hence,
+ to withstand.
+
+ See SANDERS and McELLIGOTT'S ANALYSIS, page 90, Ex. 113; also,
+ page 110, Ex. 142.
+
+
+WHEN SHALL I ANSWER NO?
+
+J.N. McELLIGOTT.
+
+ 1. When FALSEHOOD fair entices thee
+ Against the truth to go,
+ No matter what the pretext be,
+ Be thy firm answer,--No!
+
+ 2. When RASHNESS would thy tongue profane
+ With language vile and low,
+ O, make the gross temptation vain,
+ By answering inly,--No!
+
+ 3. When PRIDE the silly wish declares,
+ That thou should'st fashion know,
+ And lifts thy head with empty airs,
+ Be wise, and answer,--No!
+
+ 4. When ENVY would thy spirit chafe,
+ That others prosper so,
+ On calm contentment resting safe,
+ Expel her with a--No!
+
+ 5. When MALICE foul, or deadly HATE,
+ Would turn thee on a foe,
+ And dark, revengeful thirst create,
+ In horror answer,--No!
+
+ 6. When sluggish SLEEP, with folded arms,
+ Would make thee health forego,
+('')Rise up at once, resist her charms;
+ _Act out_ the answer,--No!
+
+ 7. When AVARICE would, with heartless speed,
+ Shout out the sight of woe,
+ And whisper joy from Mammon's greed,
+ Indignant answer,--No!
+
+ 8. When filthy LUCRE lifts her hand,
+ Ungodly gains to show,
+ Though she should promise all the land,
+ Be thy prompt answer,--No!
+
+ 9. When greedy GAIN, or rash EMPRISE,
+ Would have thee surety go,
+ Keep Wisdom's words [Footnote 1] before thine eyes,
+ And firmly answer,--No!
+
+ 10. When mad AMBITION would seduce,
+ The _right_ to overthrow,
+ And turn the selfish passions loose,
+ In mercy answer,--No!
+
+ 11. When foul CONTEMPT of Holy Writ
+ Would in thy bosom sow
+ The wish to be where scorners sit,[Footnote 2]
+ Let Conscience answer,--No!
+
+ 12. When SIN, indeed, whate'er her style,
+ Would have thee with her go;
+ Stay not to hear the Sorceress vile,
+ But leave her with a--No!
+
+ [Footnote 1: Prov., 11th Chap., 15th verse.]
+ [Footnote 2: 1st Psalm, 1st verse.]
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXVI.
+
+ PE RUSE', read; study.
+ AL LOT' TED, assigned.
+ ME RID' I AN, noon; mid-day.
+ GEN' U INE, true; real.
+ ART' FUL, cunning; crafty.
+ MIM' ICK ED, pretended; counterfeited.
+ PRE SIDE', have sway or rule.
+ DE MER' IT, ill-desert; defect.
+ RU' BY, precious stone.
+ PUP' PET, little image.
+ DE TER' MINE, decide; find out.
+ ER' MINE, fine fur--(of the ermine.)
+ CAP' TOR, one who takes a prize.
+ SCEP' TERS, emblems of authority.
+ CHA' RY, careful; wary.
+ MYS' TIC, secret; mysterious.
+
+We have seldom seen any thing so full of wit, truth, and practical
+wisdom, as this poem inscribed.
+
+
+TO MASTERS ROBERT AND JOHN.
+
+ 1. Take this book, my boys,
+ Earnestly peruse it;
+ Much of after lies
+ In the way ye use it:
+ Keep it neat and clean;
+ For, remember, in it,
+ Every stain that's seen,
+ Marks a thoughtless minute.
+
+ 2. Life is like a book,
+ Time is like a printer,
+ Darting now his look
+ Where has gloomed no winter.
+ Thus he'll look, and on,
+ Till each page allotted,
+ Robert, thee and John,
+ Printed be or blotted.
+
+ 3. Youth's a sunny beam,
+ Dancing o'er a river,
+ With a flashing gleam,
+ Then away forever.
+ Use it while ye may,
+ Not in childish mourning,--
+ Not in childish play,
+ But in _useful learning_.
+
+ 4. As your years attain
+ Life's meridian brightness,
+ Hourly seek and gain
+ _Genuine politeness:_
+ This lives not in forms,
+ As too many teach us,--
+ Not in open arms,
+ Not in silken speeches,
+
+ 5. Not in haughty eye,
+ Not in artful dealing,
+ Not within the sigh
+ Of a mimicked feeling:
+ But its lights preside
+ Rich in nature's splendor,
+ Over honest pride,
+ Gentleness and candor.
+
+ 6. Slight ye not the soul
+ For the frame's demerit;
+ Oft a shattered bowl
+ Holds a mighty spirit:
+ Never search a breast
+ By thy ruby's glances;
+ Pomp's a puppet guest,
+ Danced by circumstances.
+
+ 7. What is good and great,
+ Sense can soon determine;
+ Prize it though ye meet,
+ Or in rags or ermine.
+ Fortune's truly blind;
+ Fools may be her captors;
+ But the _wealth of mind_
+ Stands above their scepters.
+
+ 8. Value not the lips
+ Swiftest kept in motion,
+ Fleetly-sailing ships
+ Draw no depth of ocean:
+ Snatch the chary gleam,
+ From the cautious knowing
+ For the deepest stream
+ Scarcely lisps 'tis flowing.
+
+ 9. Cull from bad and good
+ Every seeming flower,
+ Store it up as food
+ For some hungry hour:
+ Press its every leaf,
+ And remember, Johnny,
+ Even weeds the chief
+ May have drops of honey.
+
+10. Pomp and power alone
+ Never make a blessing;
+ Seek not e'en a throne
+ By one wretch distressing.
+ Better toil a slave
+ For the blood-earned penny,
+ Than be rich, and have
+ A curse on every guinea.
+
+11. Think, my gentle boys,
+ Every man a brother!
+ _That's where honor lies,_
+ Nay, but _greatness_ rather:
+ One's the mystic whole,
+ Lordly flesh won't know it;
+ But the kingly soul,
+ Sees but vice below it.
+
+12. Robert, thoughts like these,
+ Store you more than money;
+ Read them not to please,
+ But to practice, Johnny.
+ Artless though their dress,
+ As an infant's dimple,
+ _Truth is none the less_
+ _For being truly simple._
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What did the writer tell Robert and John to do with the
+book, given them? 2. What use did he tell them to make of Youth?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXVII.
+
+ AV A RI'' CIOUS, greedy after gain.
+ IN' TI MATE, close in friendship.
+ EA' GER NESS, ardent desire.
+ FRU GAL' I TY, wise economy.
+ AC QUI SI'' TIONS, gains.
+ AF' FLU ENCE, great wealth.
+ SUC' CES SION, regular order.
+ MOIL' ING, drudging; laboring.
+ DIS CON TIN' U ED, ceased.
+ AS SI DU' I TY, untiring diligence.
+ DIS GUST' ED, greatly dissatisfied.
+ IN DULG' ED, gratified.
+ MON' STROUS, very large.
+ SUC CEED' ING, following.
+ MAT' TOCK, pick-ax.
+ UN DER MINE', dig under.
+ O' MEN, sign; token.
+ IM AG' IN ED, conceived.
+
+
+WHANG, THE MILLER.
+
+GOLDSMITH.
+
+1. Whang, the miller, was naturally avaricious; nobody loved money
+better than he, or more respected those that had it. When people would
+talk of a rich man in company, Whang would say, "_I_ know him very well,
+_he_ and _I_ have been very long acquainted; _he_ and _I_ are intimate."
+
+2. But, if a poor man was mentioned, he had not the least knowledge of
+the man; he might be very well, for aught _he_ knew; but he was not fond
+of making many acquaintances, and loved to choose his company.
+
+3. Whang, however, with all his eagerness for riches, was poor. He had
+nothing but the profits of his mill to support him; but, though these
+were small, they were certain: while it stood and went, he was sure of
+eating; and his frugality was such, that he, every day, laid some money
+by; which he would, at intervals, count and contemplate with much
+satisfaction.
+
+4. Yet still his acquisitions were not equal to his desires; he only
+found himself above want; whereas he desired to be possessed of
+affluence. One day, as he was indulging these wishes, he was informed
+that a neighbor of his had found a pan of money under ground, having
+dreamed of it three nights in succession.
+
+5. These tidings were daggers to the heart of poor Whang. "Here am I,"
+said he, "toiling and moiling from morning till night for a few paltry
+farthings, while neighbor Thanks only goes quietly to bed, and dreams
+himself into thousands before morning. Oh, that I could dream like him!
+With what pleasure would I dig round the pan! How slyly would I carry it
+home! Not even my wife should see me! And then, oh the pleasure of
+thrusting one's hands into a heap of gold up to the elbows!"
+
+6. Such reflections only served to make the miller unhappy. He
+discontinued his former assiduity; he was quite disgusted with small
+gains; and his customers began to forsake him. Every day he repeated the
+wish, and every night laid himself down in order to dream. Fortune, that
+was for a long time unkind, at last, however, seemed to smile upon his
+distress, and indulged him with the wished-for vision.
+
+7. He dreamed that under a certain part of the foundation of his mill,
+there was concealed a monstrous pan of gold and diamonds, buried deep in
+the ground, and covered with a large flat stone. He concealed his good
+luck from every person, as is usual in money-dreams, in order to have
+the vision repeated the two succeeding nights, by which he should be
+certain of its truth. His wishes in this, also, were answered; he still
+dreamed of the same pan of money, in the very same place.
+
+8. Now, therefore, it was past a doubt; so, getting up early the third
+morning, he repaired, alone, with a mattock in his hand, to the mill,
+and began to undermine that part of the wall to which the vision
+directed. The first omen of success that he met with, was a broken ring;
+digging still deeper, he turned up a house-tile, quite new and entire.
+
+9. At last, after much digging, he came to a broad flat stone; but then
+it was so large, that it was beyond his strength to remove it.
+"_There_," cried he in raptures to himself, "_there it is!_ under this
+stone, there is room for a very large pan of diamonds indeed. I must
+e'en go home to my wife, and tell her the whole affair, and get her to
+assist me in turning it up." Away, therefore, he goes, and acquaints his
+wife with every circumstance of their good fortune.
+
+10. Her raptures, on this occasion, may easily be imagined; she flew
+round his neck, and embraced him in an agony of joy. But these
+transports, however, did not allay their eagerness to know the exact
+sum; returning, together, to the place where Whang had been digging,
+there they found--not, indeed, the expected treasure--but the mill,
+their only support, undermined and fallen!
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Upon what was Whang, the miller, dependent for support?
+2. Why was he not satisfied? 3. What did he say to himself, after the
+information he had received from a neighbor? 4. What effect had such
+reflections upon him? 5. What did he dream three nights successively? 6.
+What did he do? 7. What was the result?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXVIII.
+
+ PO LITE' NESS, good manners.
+ FI DEL' I TY, faithfulness.
+ IN CU BA' TION, act of hatching eggs.
+ REC RE A' TION, pastime; amusement.
+ DE MURE' LY, gravely; with affected modesty.
+ AP PRE CI A' TION, estimate.
+ LITHE, nimble; flexible.
+ EX' IT, departure; going out.
+ ARCH' I TECTS, (_ch_, like _k_,) builders.
+ SA LI' VA, spittle.
+ SE CRETE', to deposit; produce.
+ CON'' GRE GATE, collect together.
+ FLEDG' ED, furnished with feathers.
+ DO MAIN', realm; kingdom.
+ AC COM MO DA' TIONS, conveniences.
+ MI' GRATE, remove; travel.
+ SPHERE, (_ph_ like _f_,) circuit of action.
+
+
+CHIMNEY-SWALLOWS.
+
+HENRY WARD BEECHER.
+
+1. Every one knows, who lives in the country, what a chimney-swallow is.
+They are among the birds that seem to love the neighborhood of man. Many
+birds there are, that nestle confidingly in the protection of their
+superiors, and are seldom found nesting or breeding far from human
+habitations.
+
+2. The wren builds close to your door. Sparrows and robins, if well
+treated, will make their nests right under your window, in some favorite
+tree, and will teach you, if you choose to go into the business, how to
+build birds' nests.
+
+3. A great deal of politeness and fidelity may be learned. The female
+bird is waited upon, fed, cheered with singing, during her incubation,
+in a manner that might give lessons to the household. Nay, when she
+needs exercise and recreation, her husband very demurely takes her
+place, and keeps the eggs warm in the most gentlemanly way.
+
+4. Barn-swallows have a very sensible appreciation of the pleasures of
+an ample barn. A barn might not be found quite the thing to live in,
+(although we have seen many a place where we would take the barn sooner
+than the house,) but it is one of the most charming places in a
+summer-day to lounge, read, or nap in.
+
+5. And, as you lie on your back upon the sweet-scented hay-mow, or upon
+clean straw thrown down on the great floor, reading books of natural
+history, it is very pleasant to see the flitting swallows glance in and
+out, or course about under the roof, with motion so lithe and rapid as
+to seem more like the glancing of shadows than the winging of birds.
+Their mud-nests are clean, if they _are_ made of dirt; and you would
+never dream, from their feathers, what sort of a house they lived in.
+
+6. But, it was of _chimney-swallows_ that we began to write; and they
+are just now roaring in the little, stubbed chimney behind us, to remind
+us of our duty. Every evening we hear them; for a nest of young ones
+brings the parents in with food, early and late, and every entrance or
+exit is like a distant roll of thunder, or like those old-fashioned
+rumblings of high winds in the chimney, which made us children think
+that all out-of-doors was coming down the chimney in stormy nights.
+
+7. These little architects build their simple nests upon the sides of
+the chimney with sticks, which they are said to break off from dead
+branches of trees, though they might more easily pick them up already
+prepared. But they, doubtless, have their own reasons for cutting their
+own timber. Then these are glued to the wall by a saliva which they
+secrete, so that they carry their mortar in their mouths, and use their
+bills for trowels.
+
+8. When the young are ready to leave, they climb up the chimney to the
+top, by means of their sharp claws, aided by their tail-feathers, which
+are short, stiff, and at the end armed with sharp spines. Two broods are
+reared in a season. From the few which congregate in any one
+neighborhood, one would not suspect the great numbers which assemble at
+the end of the season. Audubon estimated that _nine thousand_ entered a
+large sycamore-tree, every night, to roost, near Louisville, Kentucky.
+
+9. Sometimes the little nest has been slighted in building, or the
+weight proves too great, and down it comes into the fire-place, to the
+great amusement of the children, who are all a-fever to hold in their
+hands these clean, bright-eyed little fellows. Who would suspect that
+they had ever been bred in such a flue?
+
+10. And it was just this thought that set us to writing. Because a bird
+lives in a chimney, he need not be _smutty_. There is many a fine
+feather that lives in a chimney-corner. Nor are birds the _only_
+instances. Many men are born in a garret, or in a cellar, who fly out of
+it, as soon as fledged, as fine as any body. A lowly home has reared
+many high natures.
+
+11. On these bare sticks, right against the bricks, in this smoky flue,
+the eggs are laid, the brooding goes on, the young are hatched, fed,
+grown. But then comes the day when they spread the wing, and the whole
+heaven is theirs! From morning to night, they can not touch the bounds
+of their liberty!
+
+12. And, in like manner, it is with the human soul that has learned to
+know its liberty. Born in a body, pent up, and cramped, it seems
+imprisoned in a mere smoky flue for passions. But, when once faith has
+taught the soul that it has wings, then it begins to fly; and flying,
+finds that all God's domain is its liberty.
+
+13. And, as the swallow that comes back to roost in its hard hole at
+night, is quite content, so that the morning gives it again all the
+bright heavens for its soaring-ground, so may men, close quartered and
+cramped in bodily accommodations, be quite patient of their narrow
+bounds, for their thoughts may fly out every day gloriously.
+
+14. And as, in autumn, these children of the chimney gather in flocks,
+and fly away to heavens without a winter, so men shall find a day when
+they, too, shall migrate; and, rising into a higher sphere, without
+storm or winter, shall remember the troubles of this mortal life, as
+birds in Florida may be supposed to remember the northern chills, which
+drove them forth to a fairer clime.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What birds seem to love the neighborhood of man? 2. In
+what respects may men be like birds?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXIX.
+
+The first part of each verse, or that portion read by the _First Voice_,
+should be expressed in a slow and despondent tone of voice: the second
+part, or that read by the _Second Voice_, should be expressed in a more
+sprightly and cheerful manner.
+
+
+THE DOUBTING HEART.
+
+ADELAIDE A. PROCTER.
+
+
+FIRST VOICE.
+
+ 1. Where are the swallows fled?
+ Frozen and dead,
+Perchance, upon some bleak and stormy shore.
+
+SECOND VOICE.
+
+ O doubting heart!
+ Far over purple seas,
+ They wait, in sunny ease,
+ The balmy southern breeze,
+To bring them to their northern homes once more.
+
+
+FIRST VOICE.
+
+ 2. Why must the flowers die?
+ Poisoned they lie
+In the cold tomb, heedless of tears or rain.
+
+SECOND VOICE.
+
+ O doubting heart!
+ They only sleep below
+ The soft, white ermine snow,
+ While winter winds shall blow,
+To breathe and smile upon you soon again.
+
+
+FIRST VOICE.
+
+ 3. The sun has hid its rays
+ These many days;
+Will dreary hours never leave the earth?
+
+SECOND VOICE.
+
+ O doubting heart!
+ The stormy clouds on high
+ Vail the same sunny sky,
+ That soon, (for Spring is nigh,)
+Shall wake the Summer into golden mirth.
+
+
+FIRST VOICE.
+
+ 4. Fair Hope is dead, and light
+ Is quenched in night.
+What sound can break the silence of despair?
+
+SECOND VOICE.
+
+ O doubting heart!
+ The sky is overcast,
+ Yet stars shall rise at last,
+ Brighter for darkness past,
+And angels' silver voices stir the air.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXX.
+
+ DECK'ED, dressed; arrayed.
+ TRAIL'ING, hanging down; following one after another.
+ UN FAIL'ING, constant; continually.
+ UN PLI'ANT, stiff; unbending.
+ DE FI'ANT, daring; bidding defiance.
+ VES'PER, evening.
+ CRISP'ER, more brittle.
+ TREAS'URES, wealth; riches.
+ MER'IT, desert; goodness.
+ IN HER'IT, occupy; possess.
+ MOR'SEL, bit; small piece.
+ WAIL'ING, loudly lamenting.
+ RAIL'ING, clamoring.
+
+
+THE COMING OF WINTER.
+
+T.B. READ.
+
+1. Autumn's sighing,
+ Moaning, dying,
+ Clouds are flying
+ On like steeds;
+ While their shadows
+ O'er the meadows.
+ Walk like widows
+ Decked in weeds.
+
+2. Red leaves trailing,
+ Fall unfailing,
+ Dropping, sailing,
+ From the wood,
+ That, unpliant,
+ Stands defiant,
+ Like a giant
+ Dropping blood.
+
+3. Winds are swelling
+ Round our dwelling,
+ All day telling
+ Us their woe;
+ And, at vesper,
+ Frosts grow crisper,
+ As they whisper
+ Of the snow.
+
+4. From th' unseen land,
+ Frozen inland,
+ Down from Greenland,
+ Winter glides,
+ Shedding lightness
+ Like the brightness
+ When moon-whiteness
+ Fills the tides.
+
+5. Now bright Pleasure's
+ Sparkling measures
+ With rare treasures
+ Overflow!
+ With this gladness
+ Comes what sadness!
+ Oh, what madness,
+ Oh, what woe!
+
+6. Even merit
+ May inherit
+ Some bare garret,
+ Or the ground;
+ Or, a worse ill,
+ Beg a morsel
+ At some door-sill,
+ Like a hound.
+
+7. Storms are trailing,
+ Winds are wailing,
+ Howling, railing,
+ At each door.
+ 'Midst this trailing
+ Howling, railing,
+ List the wailing
+ Of the poor!
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What is the first sign of the coming of winter? 2. What,
+the second? 3. What, the third? 4. What are some of the pleasures of
+winter? 5. What is said of the poor in winter? 6. What is the use of the
+apostrophes in the words _autumn's, o'er, pleasure's, 'midst,_ &c.?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXXI.
+
+ LIVE' LONG, whole; entire.
+ EAVES, edges of a roof.
+ E' VEN TIDE, evening.
+ STRIV' EN, struggled; contended.
+ RE LIEV' ED, mitigated; alleviated.
+ WRETCH' ED NESS, distress; destitution.
+ OF FENSE', fault; crime.
+ PEN' I TENCE, repentance; contrition.
+ EL' O QUENT LY, forcibly; persuasively.
+
+
+CHILD TIRED OF PLAY.
+
+N.P. WILLIS.
+
+ 1. Tired of play`! tired of play`!
+ What hast thou done this livelong day`?
+ The birds are silent', and so is the bee`;
+ The sun is creeping up steeple and tree`;
+ The doves have flown to the sheltering eaves',
+ And the nests are dark with the drooping leaves';
+ Twilight gathers', and day is done`,--
+ How hast them spent it`,--restless one'?
+
+ 2. Playing`? But what hast thou done beside,
+ To tell thy mother at eventide`?
+ What promise of morn is left unbroken`?
+ What kind word to thy playmates spoken`?
+ Whom hast thou pitied, and whom forgiven`?
+ How with thy faults has duty striven`?
+ What hast thou learned by field and hill,
+ By greenwood path, and by singing rill`?
+
+ 3. There will come an eve to a longer day',
+ That will find thee tired`,--but not of play'!
+ And thou wilt lean, as thou leanest now,
+ With drooping limbs, and aching brow,
+ And wish the shadows would faster creep,
+ And long to go to thy quiet sleep.
+ _Well_ were it then, if thine aching brow
+ Were as free from sin and shame as now!
+ _Well_ for thee, if thy lip could tell
+ A tale like this, of _a day spent well_.
+
+ 4. If thine open hand hath relieved distress',--
+ If thy pity hath sprung to wretchedness',--
+ If thou hast forgiven the sore offense',
+ And humbled thy heart with penitence',--
+ If Nature's voices have spoken to thee
+ With her holy meanings eloquently',--
+ If every creature hath won thy love',
+ From the creeping worm to the brooding dove',--
+ If never a sad, low-spoken word
+ Hath pled with thy human heart unheard',--
+ _Then_`, when the night steals on, as now,
+ It will bring relief to thine aching brow,
+ And, with joy and peace at the thought of rest,
+ Thou wilt sink to sleep on thy mother's breast.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What had the child been doing? 2. What questions did the
+mother ask? 3. What did she tell the child would come? 4. What is meant
+by _eve to a longer day_, third verse? 5. What, by _quiet sleep_, same
+verse? 6. What ought we to do in life, in order to have a joyful and
+peaceful death? 7. What rule for the rising inflection on _restless
+one_, first verse? See page 32, Note I. 8. What rule for the falling
+inflection on _playing_, second verse? See page 29, Rule II. 9. What
+rule for the rising inflections in the fourth verse? Rule V., page 31.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXXII.
+
+ NORTH-EAST' ERS, north-east winds.
+ EX HAUST' ED, (_x_ like _gz_,) tired out.
+ VIG' I LANT, watchful.
+ DE TECT' ED, discovered.
+ LEE' WARD, pertaining to the part toward which the wind blows.
+ RE CED' ING, retiring; passing away.
+ BRILL' IAN CY, brightness; luster.
+ TILL' ER, bar used to turn the rudder.
+ TORT' URE, anguish of spirit.
+ DE SERT' ED, relinquished; abandoned.
+ RA PID' I TY, speed; swiftness.
+ EN VEL' OP ED, inclosed; covered.
+ GEN' ER A TED, produced.
+ LETH' AR GY, drowsiness; dullness.
+ RES' CUE, deliverance.
+ IN EV' I TA BLY, surely; certainly.
+ ES PY' ING, seeing; discovering.
+ CON' TACT, (CON, _together_; TAC, _touch_,) a touching together;
+ close union.
+
+
+THE RESCUE.
+
+BY A SEA CAPTAIN.
+
+1. On a bright moonlight night, in the month of February, 1831, when it
+was intensely cold, the little brig which I commanded, lay quietly at
+her anchors, inside of Sandy Hook. We had had a hard time, beating about
+for eleven days off this coast, with cutting north-easters blowing, and
+snow and sleet falling for the most part of that time.
+
+2. Forward, the vessel was thickly coated with ice, and it was hard work
+to handle her; as the rigging and sails were stiff, and yielded only
+when the strength of the men was exerted to the utmost. When we, at
+length, made the port, all hands were worn down and exhausted.
+
+3. "A bitter cold night, Mr. Larkin," I said to my mate, as I tarried
+for a short time upon deck. The worthy down-easter buttoned his coat
+more tightly around him, and, looking up to the moon, replied, "It's a
+whistler, captain; and nothing can live comfortably out of blankets
+to-night."
+
+4. "The tide is running out swift and strong, and it will be well to
+keep a sharp look-out for this floating ice, Mr. Larkin," said I, as I
+turned to go below. "Ay, ay, sir," responded the faithful mate.
+
+5. About two hours afterward, I was aroused from a sound sleep by the
+vigilant officer. "Excuse me for disturbing you, captain," said he, as
+he detected an expression of vexation in my face, "but I wish you would
+turn out, and come on deck as soon as possible."
+
+6. "What's the matter, Mr. Larkin," said I. "Why, sir, I have been
+watching a large cake of ice, which swept by at a distance, a moment
+ago; and I saw something black upon it, something that I thought moved.
+The moon is under a cloud, and I could not see distinctly; but I believe
+there is a child floating out to the sea, this freezing night, on that
+cake of ice."
+
+7. We were on deck before either spoke another word. The mate pointed
+out, with no little difficulty, the cake of ice floating off to the
+leeward, with its white, glittering surface broken by a black spot. "Get
+the glass, Mr. Larkin," said I; "the moon will be out of that cloud in a
+moment, and then we can see distinctly."
+
+8. I kept my eye upon the receding mass of ice, while the moon was
+slowly working her way through a heavy bank of clouds. The mate stood by
+me with the glass; and when the full light fell upon the water with a
+brilliancy only known in our northern latitudes, I put the glass to my
+eye. One glance was enough.
+
+9. (_''_)"_Forward, there!_" I hailed at the top of my voice; and, with
+one bound, I reached the main hatch, and began to clear away the little
+cutter, which was stowed in the ship's yawl. Mr. Larkin had taken the
+glass to look for himself, "_There are two children on that cake of
+ice!_" he exclaimed, as he hastened to assist me in getting out the
+boat.
+
+10. The men answered my hail, and walked quickly aft. In a short space
+of time, we launched the cutter, into which Mr. Larkin and myself
+jumped, followed by the two men, who took the oars. I rigged the tiller,
+and the mate sat beside me in the stern sheets.
+
+11. "Do you see that cake of ice with something black upon it, my lads?
+Put me alongside of that, and I'll give you a month's extra wages when
+you are paid off," said I to the men.
+
+12. They bent to their oars, but their strokes were uneven and feeble;
+for they were worn out by the hard duty of the preceding fortnight; and,
+though they did their best, the boat made little more headway than the
+tide. It was a losing chase, and Mr. Larkin, who was suffering torture
+as he saw how little we gained, cried out, "_Pull, lads! I'll double the
+captain's prize: two months' extra pay: pull, lads! pull for life!_"
+
+13. A convulsive effort at the oars told how willing the men were to
+obey; but the strength of the strong man was gone. One of the poor
+fellows washed us twice in recovering his oar, and then gave out; and
+the other was nearly as far gone. Mr. Larkin sprang forward and seized
+the deserted oar. "Lie down in the bottom of the boat," said he to the
+man; "and, captain, take the other oar; we must row for ourselves."
+
+14. I took the second man's place. Larkin had stripped off his coat,
+and, as he pulled the bow, I waited for the signal stroke. It came
+gently, but firm; and the next moment we were pulling a long, steady
+stroke; gradually increasing in rapidity, until the wood seemed to smoke
+in the row-locks. We kept time, each by the long, deep breathing of the
+other.
+
+15. Such a pull! We bent forward until our faces almost touched our
+knees; and then throwing all our strength into the backward movement,
+drew on the oar until every inch covered by the sweep was gained. Thus
+we worked at the oars for fifteen minutes; and it seemed to me as many
+hours. The sweat rolled off in great drops, and I was enveloped in a
+steam generated from my own body.
+
+16. "Are we almost up to it, Mr. Larkin?" I gasped out. "Almost,
+captain," said he: "and _don't give up!_ for the love of our dear little
+ones at home: _don't give up_, captain!" The oars flashed as their
+blades turned up to the moonlight, for the men who plied them were
+fathers, and had fathers' hearts.
+
+17. Suddenly Mr. Larkin ceased pulling; and my heart, for a moment,
+almost stopped its beating; for the terrible thought that he had given
+out, crossed my mind. But I was re-assured by his voice, (_p_) "Gently,
+captain, gently: a stroke or two more: there, that will do;" and the
+next moment Mr. Larkin sprang upon the ice. I started up, and, calling
+to the men to make fast the boat to the ice, followed him.
+
+18. We ran to the dark spot in the center of the mass, and found two
+little boys. The head of the smaller was resting in the bosom of the
+larger; and both were fast asleep. The lethargy, which would have been
+fatal but for the timely rescue, had overcome them.
+
+19. Mr. Larkin grasped one of the lads, cut off his shoes, tore off his
+jacket, and then, loosening his own garments to the skin, placed the
+cold child in contact with his own warm body, carefully wrapping his
+overcoat around him. I did the same with the other child, and we then
+returned to the boat.
+
+20. The children, as we learned when we had the delight of restoring
+them to their parents, were playing on the cake of ice, which had jammed
+into a bend of the river, about ten miles above New York. A movement of
+the tide set the ice in motion, and the little fellows were borne away,
+that cold night, and would have inevitably perished, but for Mr.
+Larkin's espying them as they were sweeping out to sea.
+
+21. "How do you feel, Mr. Larkin?" I said to the mate, the morning after
+this adventure. "A little stiff in the arms, captain," the noble fellow
+replied, while the big tears of grateful happiness gathered in his
+eyes,--"a little stiff in the arms, captain, but very easy here,"
+laying his hand on the rough chest in which beat a true and manly heart.
+My quaint down-easter, He who lashes the seas into fury, and lets loose
+the tempest, will care for thee! The storms may rage without, but in
+_thy_ bosom peace and sunshine abide always.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Describe the condition of the vessel as she lay at anchor
+inside Sandy Hook. 2. What did the captain say to Mr. Larkin, as he
+retired to rest? 3. Why did Mr. Larkin wake up the captain? 4. What did
+they discover on a cake of ice, floating out to sea? 5. Who went to
+their rescue? 6. What did the captain say to the rowers of the boat? 7.
+What did Mr. Larkin say to them? 8. Did they finally succeed in rescuing
+the children? 9. How came the two boys to be on that cake of ice? 10.
+What did Mr. Larkin say, when the captain asked him how he felt?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXXIII.
+
+ A DORN' ED, decorated; embellished.
+ SPOILS, booty; prey.
+ ANT' LERS, branching horns.
+ SUS PEND' ED, hung; atatched.
+ DIS TRACT' ED, disturbed; disordered.
+ FU' GI TIVE, runaway; wanderer.
+ BE SET', hemmen in; surrounded.
+ TRAI' TORS, betrayers.
+ HEATH, place overgrown with shrubs.
+ LIEGE, lord; sovereign.
+ LOY' AL, true; faithful.
+ FE' AL TY, loyalty; fidelity.
+ MA' TRON, married woman.
+ REC OG NIZ' ED, knew; recollected.
+ IN VAD' ERS, persons invading.
+
+
+ROBERT BRUCE AND THE SCOTCH WOMAN.
+
+ANON.
+
+1. Many years ago, an old Scotch woman sat alone, spinning by the
+kitchen fire, in her little cottage. The room was adorned with the
+spoils of the chase, and many implements of war and hunting. There were
+spears, bows and arrows, swords, and shields; and, against the side of
+the room, hung a pair of huge antlers, once reared on the lordly brow of
+a "stag of ten," [Footnote: That is, a stag ten years old. The age of
+the animal is known by the number of prongs or tines, each year one new
+prong being added.] on which were suspended skins, plaids, bonnets, and
+one or two ponderous battle-axes.
+
+2. The table, in the middle of the floor, was spread for supper, and
+some oatmeal cakes were baking before the fire. But the dame was not
+thinking of any of _these things_, nor of her two manly sons, who, in an
+adjoining room, were busily preparing for the next day's sport.
+
+3. She was thinking of the distracted state of her native land, and of
+the good king, Robert Bruce, a fugitive in his own kingdom, beset, on
+every hand, by open enemies and secret traitors. "Alas!" thought she,
+"to-night I dwell here in peace, while to-morrow may see me driven out
+into the heath; and even now our king is a wanderer, with no shelter for
+his weary limbs."
+
+4. A loud knock at the door broke in upon her musings. She rose,
+trembling with fear, to unbar the entrance, and beheld a man closely
+muffled in a cloak. "My good woman," said he, "will you grant a poor
+traveler the shelter of your roof to-night'?"
+
+5. "Right willingly will I," said she; "for the love of _one_, for whose
+sake all travelers are welcome here." 6. "For whose sake is it that you
+make all wanderers welcome?" asked the stranger.
+
+7. "For the sake of our good king, Robert Bruce, who, though he is now
+hunted like a wild beast, with horn and hound, I trust yet to see on the
+throne of Scotland!"
+
+8. "Nay, then, my good woman," replied the man, "since you love him so
+well, know that you see him now _I_ am Robert Bruce."
+
+9. "_You'!_--are _you_ our king'?" she inquired, sinking on her knees,
+and reverently kissing his hand; "where, then, are your followers, and
+why are you thus alone?"
+
+10. "I have no followers now," replied Bruce, "and am, therefore,
+compelled to travel alone."
+
+11. "Nay, my liege," exclaimed the loyal dame, "that you shall do no
+longer; for here are my two sons, whom I give to you, and may they long
+live to serve and defend your majesty!"
+
+12. The Scottish youths bent their knees, and took the oath of fealty;
+and then, sitting beside the fire, the king entered into conversation
+with his new retainers, while their mother was busied in preparing the
+evening meal.
+
+13. Suddenly, they were startled by the tramp of horses' hoofs, and the
+voices of men. "'_Tis the English!_" shouted the matron, "_fight to the
+last, my sons, and defend your king!_" But, at this moment, the king
+recognized the voices of Lord James, of Douglas, and of Edward Bruce,
+and bade them have no fear.
+
+14. Bruce was overjoyed at meeting with his brother, and his faithful
+friend Douglas, who had with them a band of one hundred and fifty men.
+He bade farewell to the brave and loyal woman, and, taking with him her
+two sons, left the place.
+
+15. The two young Scots served Bruce well and faithfully, and were high
+officers in his service when, at the head of a conquering army, he drove
+the English invaders from the soil of Scotland, and rendered her again a
+_free and independent kingdom_.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Describe the room in which the Scotch woman resided. 2,
+What is meant by a "_stag of ten?_" 3. Who did the stranger prove to be?
+4. Who joined Bruce? 5. What did Bruce and his men then do?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXXIV.
+
+ PROS PER' ITY, success; good fortune.
+ DIG' NI FIES, elevates; ennobles.
+ SUS TAIN' ED, endured; suffered.
+ AD VERS' I TY, calamity; misfortune.
+ UN ERR' ING, sure; certain.
+ FOR LORN', forsaken; wretched.
+ CAN' O PY, covering overhead.
+ EI DER DOWN, fine, soft feathers from the eider-duck.
+ DE VOID', destitute.
+ IM MERS' ED, inwrapped; sunk.
+ GOS' SA MER Y, like gossamer; filmy.
+ RE COIL' ED, started back.
+ FOIL' ED, frustrated; defeated.
+ RO MANCE', fiction.
+ TRIV' I AL, small; trifling.
+ CON FIDE', trust; believe.
+ AD' VERSE, contrary; opposite.
+ PALM, token of victory.
+
+
+ROBERT BRUCE AND THE SPIDER.
+
+BERNARD BARTON.
+
+ 1. Not in _prosperity's broad light_,
+ Can reason justly scan
+ The _sterling worth which_, viewed aright,
+ _Most dignifies the man_.
+ Favored at once by wind and tide,
+ The skillful pilot well may guide
+ The bark in safety on;
+ Yet, when his harbor he has gained,
+ He who no conflict hath sustained,
+ No meed has fairly won.
+
+ 2. But in _adversity's dark hour_
+ _Of peril and of fear,_
+ When clouds above the vessel lower,
+ With scarce one star to cheer;
+ When winds are loud, and waves are high,
+ And ocean, to a timid eye,
+ Appears the seaman's grave;
+ Amid the conflict, calm, unmoved,
+ By truth's unerring test is proved
+ _The skillful and the brave._
+
+ 3. For Scotland and her freedom's right
+ The Bruce his part had played;
+ _In five successive fields of fight_
+ _Been conquered and dismayed._
+ _Once more, against the English host_
+ _His band he led, and once more lost_
+ _The meed for which he fought;_
+ And now, from battle faint and worn,
+ The homeless fugitive forlorn
+ A hut's lone shelter sought.
+
+ 4. And cheerless was that resting-place
+ For him who claimed a throne;
+ His canopy, devoid of grace,--
+ The rude, rough beams alone;
+ The heather couch his only bed,
+ Yet well I know had slumber fled
+ From couch of eider down;
+ Through darksome night to dawn of day,
+ Immersed in wakeful thought he lay,
+ Of Scotland and her crown.
+
+ 5. The sun rose brightly, and its gleam
+ Fell on that hapless bed,
+ And tinged with light each shapeless beam
+ Which roofed the lowly shed;
+ When, looking up with wistful eye,
+ The Bruce beheld a spider try
+ His filmy thread to fling
+ From beam to beam of that rude cot;
+ And well the insect's toilsome lot
+ Taught Scotland's future king.
+
+ 6. Six times his gossamery thread
+ The wary spider threw:
+ In vain the filmy line was sped;
+ For, powerless or untrue,
+ Each aim appeared and back recoiled
+ The patient insect, _six times foiled_,
+ And yet unconquered still;
+ And soon the Bruce, with eager eye,
+ Saw him prepare once more to try
+ His courage, strength, and skill.
+
+ 7. _One effort more, the seventh and last_,--
+ The hero hailed the sign!
+ And on the wished-for beam hung fast
+ The slender, silken line.
+ Slight as it was, his spirit caught
+ The more than omen; for his thought
+ The lesson well could trace,
+ Which even "he who runs may read,"
+ That _perseverance gains its meed_,
+ And _patience wins the race_.
+
+ 8. Is it a tale of mere romance'?
+ Its moral is the same,--
+ A light and trivial circumstance'?
+ Some thought, it still may claim.
+ Art thou a father'? teach thy son
+ Never to deem that _all is done_,
+ While _aught remains untried_;
+ To hope, though every hope seems crossed,
+ And when his bark is tempest-tossed
+ Still calmly to confide.
+
+ 9. Hast thou been long and often foiled
+ (<) By adverse wind and seas'?
+ And vainly struggled, vainly toiled,
+ For what some win with ease'?
+ Yet bear up heart, and hope, and will,
+ Nobly resolved to struggle still,
+ With patience persevere;
+ Knowing, when darkest seems the night,
+ The dawn of morning's glorious light
+ Is swiftly drawing near.
+
+10. Art thou a Christian? shall the frown
+ Of fortune cause dismay'?
+ The Bruce but won an _earthly crown_,
+ Which long hath passed away;
+ For thee a _heavenly crown_ awaits;
+ For thee are oped the pearly gates,--
+ Prepared the deathless palm:
+ But bear in mind that _only those_
+ _Who persevere unto the close,_
+ _Can join in Victory's psalm_.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Will smooth seas and favoring gales make a skillful
+mariner? 2. What will make skillful and brave men? 3. In what respect is
+adversity better than prosperity? 4. What story illustrates this fact?
+5. How many times did the spider try, before it succeeded? 6. In how
+many battles had Bruce been defeated? 7. What important lesson is taught
+youth? 8. What encouragement is given to the Christian?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXXV.
+
+ PA' TRI OT' IC, having love of country.
+ OB SER VA' TION, remark, expression.
+ POP' U LAR, well received; prevailing.
+ E QUAL' I TY, sameness of social position.
+ AUD' I BLE, that may be heard.
+ DE TER' MIN ED, fully resolved.
+ HES' I TATE, scruple.
+ BRA' VO, well done.
+ BROILS, wrangles; quarrels.
+ RENOWN' ED, famed; celebrated.
+ O' DI OUS, hateful; offensive.
+ COUNT' ESS, wife of a count or earl.
+ FAG-END', the meaner part.
+ NO BIL' I TY, noble rank.
+ BUR LESQUE', (_burlesk',_) ridicule.
+ HE RED' I TA RY, coming by descent.
+ CON' STI TUTES, forms; composes.
+ APH' O RISMS, precepts; maxims.
+ TEM' PO RA RY, continuing for a time.
+ BECK, sign with the hand; nod.
+
+[Headnote 1: LA VA' TER, (John Gaspar,) a celebrated physiognomist, that
+is, one skilled in the art of determining character by the external
+features, born in Zurich, in 1741.]
+
+That part of this dialogue uttered by Caroline, should be read in a very
+earnest and spirited style,--that uttered by Horace in a more grave,
+deliberate, and candid manner.
+
+
+WEALTH AND FASHION.
+
+_Caroline_. What a pity it is that we are born under a Republican
+government!
+
+_Horace_. Upon my word, Caroline, that is a patriotic observation for an
+American.
+
+_Caroline_. Oh, I know that it is not a _popular_ one! We must all join
+in the cry of liberty and equality, and bless our stars that we have
+neither kings nor emperors to rule over us, and that our very first
+audible squeak was republicanism. If we don't join in the shout, and
+hang our caps on liberty-poles, we are considered monsters. For my part,
+I am _tired_ of it, and am determined to _say what I think_. I _hate_
+republicanism; I hate liberty and equality; and I don't hesitate to
+_declare_ that I am for monarchy. You may laugh, but I would say it at
+the stake.
+
+_Horace_. Bravo, Caroline! You have almost run yourself out of breath.
+You deserve to be prime minister to the king.
+
+_Caroline_. You mistake; I have no wish to mingle in political broils,
+not even if I could be as renowned as Pitt or Fox; but I must say, I
+think our equality is _odious_. What do you think! To-day, the new
+chamber-maid put her head into the door, and said, "Caroline, your marm
+wants you!"
+
+_Horace_. _Excellent!_ I suppose if ours were a _monarchical_
+government, she would have bent to the ground, or saluted your little
+foot, before she spoke.
+
+_Caroline_. No, Horace; you _know_ there are no such forms in this
+country.
+
+_Horace_. May I ask your highness what you _would_ like to be?
+
+_Caroline_. I should like to be a countess.
+
+_Horace_. Oh, you are moderate in your ambition! A countess, now-a-days,
+is the fag-end of nobility.
+
+_Caroline_. Oh! but it sounds so delightfully,--_"The young Countess
+Caroline!"_
+
+_Horace_. If _sound_ is all, you shall have that pleasure; we will call
+you _the young countess_.
+
+_Caroline_. That would be mere burlesque, Horace, and would make one
+ridiculous.
+
+_Horace_. Nothing can be more inconsistent in us, than aiming at titles.
+
+_Caroline_. For _us_, I grant you; but, if they were _hereditary,_ if we
+had been born to them, if they came to us through belted knights and
+high-born dames, _then_ we might be proud to wear them. I never shall
+cease to regret that I was not born under a monarchy.
+
+_Horace_. You seem to forget that all are not lords and ladies in
+_royal_ dominions. Suppose you should have drawn your first breath among
+the _lower classes_,--suppose it should have been your lot to crouch and
+bend, or be trodden under foot by some titled personage, whom in your
+heart you despised; what then?
+
+_Caroline_. You may easily suppose that I did not mean to take _those_
+chances. No; I meant to be born among the _higher_ ranks.
+
+_Horace_. Your own reason must tell you, that _all_ can not be born
+among the _higher ranks_; for then the _lower ones_ would be wanting,
+which constitute the comparison. Now, Caroline, is it not better to be
+born under a government where there are no such ranks, and where _the
+only nobility is talent and virtue'?_
+
+_Caroline_. Talent and virtue! I think _wealth_ constitutes our
+nobility, and the right of abusing each other, our liberty.
+
+_Horace_. You are as fond of aphorisms as Lavater[Headnote 1] was.
+
+_Caroline_. Let me ask you if our rich men, who ride in their own
+carriages, who have fine houses, and who count by millions, are not our
+_great_ men?
+
+_Horace_. They have all the greatness that _money_ can buy; but this is
+very limited.
+
+_Caroline_. Well, in _my_ opinion, _money is power_.
+
+_Horace_. You mistake. Money may be _temporary power_, but _talent_ is
+_power itself_; and, _when united with virtue, is godlike power_, before
+which the mere man of millions quails.
+
+_Caroline_. Well, Horace, I really wish you the possession of _talent_,
+and _principle_, and _wealth_ into the bargain. The latter, you think,
+will follow the two former, simply at your beck;--you smile; but _I_
+feel as determined in _my_ way of thinking, as _you_ do in _yours_.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What is the subject of this dialogue? 2. What did
+Caroline regret? 3. What reply did Horace make? 4. What did Caroline
+wish to be? 5. What did Horace say constituted true nobility?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXXVI.
+
+ RE SERV'ING, keeping; retaining.
+ AC CU' MU LA TED, collected.
+ IN DIG NA' TION, angry feeling.
+ RE SOURC' ES, means; funds.
+ DIS SER TA' TION, discourse; essay.
+ EX PAN' SION, enlargement.
+ DE POS' IT ED, put; laid.
+ EX ER' TION (_egs er shun_,) effort.
+ JU DI' CIOUS, wise, prudent.
+ VO CA' TION, business; employment.
+ EU PHON' IC, agreeable; well-sounding.
+ CO TEM' PO RA RIES, those living at the same time.
+ DI GRES' SION, departure from the subject.
+ PRE DIC' TIONS, prophecies.
+ IM PELL' ED, driven forward.
+
+ AR IS TOC' RA CY, (ARISTO, _the best_; CRACY, _government_,)
+ government by the best, or nobles. See SANDERS' ANALYSIS,
+ page 200, Ex. 283.
+
+[Headnote 1: SOC' RA TES, the most celebrated philosopher of antiquity,
+was born at Athens, 470 years before Christ. The purity of his doctrines,
+and his independence of character, rendered him popular with the most
+enlightened Athenians, though they created him many enemies. He was
+_falsely accused_, arraigned, and condemned to drink _hemlock_, the
+juice of a poisonous plant. When the hour to take the poison had come,
+the executioner handed him the cup, with tears in his eyes. Socrates
+received it with composure, drank it with unaltered countenance, and,
+in a few moments, expired.]
+
+[Headnote 2: DE MOS' THE NES, a great Grecian orator, who, rather than
+fall into the hands of his enemies, destroyed himself by taking poison.
+It is said that, when a youth, he frequently declaimed on the sea-shore,
+while the waves were roaring around him, in order to secure a large
+compass of voice, and to accustom himself to the tumult of a popular
+assembly.]
+
+[Headnote 3: KING DA' VID, the sweet singer and poet of Israel. For the
+interesting account of his triumph over Goliath, the great champion of
+the Philistines, see I Sam., chap. 17.]
+
+
+MY FIRST JACK-KNIFE.
+
+1. I remember it well! Its horn handle, so smooth and clear, glowing
+with the unmeaning, but magic word, "_Bunkum;_" and the blade
+significantly inviting you to the test, by the two monosyllables, "_Try
+me_."
+
+2. I know not how it is, but I never could take half the comfort in any
+thing which I have since possessed, that I took in this _jack-knife_. I
+earned it myself; and, therefore, I had a feeling of independence; it
+was bought with my _own money_,--not teazed out of my uncle, or still
+kinder father,--_money_ that I had silently earned on the afternoons of
+those days set apart for boys to amuse themselves.
+
+3. Yes! with a spirit of persevering industry and self-denial, at which
+I now wonder, I went, every afternoon, during "berry-time," and picked
+the ripened fruit with eagerness; for my heart was in the task. I sold
+my berries, and, carefully reserving the proceeds, shortly accumulated
+enough to purchase the treasure, for which I so eagerly longed.
+
+4. I went to one of the village-stores, and requested the clerk to show
+me his jack-knives; but he, seeing that I was only a boy, and thinking
+that I merely meant to amuse myself in looking at the nicest, and
+wishing it was mine, told me not to plague him, as he was otherwise
+engaged.
+
+5. I turned with indignation; but I felt the inward comfort of a man who
+has _confidence_ in his own resources, and knows he has the power in his
+own hands. I quietly jingled the money in my pockets, and went to the
+opposite store. I asked for jack-knives, and was shown a lot fresh from
+the city, which were temptingly laid down before me, and left for me to
+select one, while the trader went to another part of his store to wait
+upon an older customer. I looked over them, opened them, breathed upon
+the blades, and shut them again.
+
+6. One was too hard to open, another had no spring; finally, after
+examining them with all the judgment which, in my opinion, the extent of
+the investment required, I selected one with a hole through the handle;
+and, after a dissertation with the owner upon jack-knives in general,
+and _this one_ in particular,--upon hawk-bill, and dagger-blades,--and
+handles, iron, bone, and buck-horn,--I succeeded in closing a bargain.
+
+7. I took the instrument I had purchased, and felt a sudden expansion of
+my boyish frame! It was my world! I deposited it in my pocket among
+other valuables,--twine, marbles, slate-pencils, &c. I went home to my
+father; I told him how long I had toiled for it, and how eagerly I had
+spent time, which others had allotted to play, to possess myself of my
+treasure.
+
+8. My father gently chided me for not telling him of my wants; but I
+observed his glistening eye turn affectionately to my mother and then to
+me, and I thought that his manly form seemed to straighten up and to
+look prouder than I had ever before seen him. At any rate, he came to
+me, and, patting my curly head, told me there was no object in life,
+which was reasonably to be desired, that _honesty, self-denial,
+well-directed industry_, and _perseverance_ would not place within my
+reach; and if, through life, I carried the spirit of independent
+exertion into practice, which I had displayed in the purchase of the
+jack-knife, I should become a "_great man_."
+
+9. From that moment, I was a new being. I had discovered that I could
+_rely upon myself_. I took my jack-knife, and many a time, while cutting
+the walnut-saplings for my bow, or the straight pine for my arrow, or
+carving my mimic ship, did I muse upon these words of my father,--so
+deeply are the kind expressions of a judicious parent engraven on the
+heart and memory of boyhood.
+
+10. My knife was my constant companion. It was my carpenter, my
+ship-builder, and my toy-manufacturer. It was out upon all occasions,
+never amiss, and always "handy;" and, as I valued it, I never let it
+part from me. I own my selfishness; I would divide my apples among my
+playmates, my whole store of marbles was at their service,--they might
+knock my bats, kick my foot-ball as they chose; but I had no partnership
+of enjoyments in my jack-knife. Its possession was connected in my mind
+with something so _exclusive_, that I could not permit another to take
+it for a moment. Oh! there is a wild and delicious luxury in one's
+boyish anticipations and youthful day-dreams!
+
+11. If, however, the _use_ of my jack-knife afforded me pleasure, the
+idea of its possession was no less a source of enjoyment. I was, for the
+time being, a little prince among my fellows,--a perfect monarch. Let no
+one exclaim against aristocracy; were we all perfectly _equal to-day_,
+there would be an _aristocracy to-morrow_. Talent, judgment, skill,
+tact, industry, perseverance, will place some on the top, while the
+contrary attributes will place others at the bottom of fortune's
+ever-revolving wheel!
+
+12. The plowman is an aristocrat, if he excels in his vocation: he is an
+aristocrat, if he turns a better or a straighter furrow than his
+neighbor. The poorest poet is an aristocrat, if he writes more
+feelingly, in a purer language, or with more euphonic jingle than his
+cotemporaries. The fisherman is an aristocrat, if he wields his harpoon
+with more skill, and hurls it with a deadlier energy than his messmates,
+or has even learned to fix his bait more alluringly on his barbed hook.
+
+13. All _have_ had, and _still_ have their foibles; all have some
+possession, upon which they pride themselves, and I was proud of my
+jack-knife! Spirit of Socrates, [Headnote 1] forgive me! was there no
+pride in dying like a philosopher'? Spirit of Demosthenes, [Headnote 2]
+forgive me! was there no pride in your addresses to the boundless and
+roaring ocean'? Spirit of David! [Headnote 3] was there no pride in the
+deadly hurling of the smooth pebble, which sank deep into the forehead
+of your enemy'?
+
+14. But I must take my jack-knife and _cut short_ this digression. Let
+no man say _this_ or _that_ occurrence "will make _no difference fifty
+years hence_,"--a common, but dangerous phrase. I am _now_ a man of
+three-score years. I can point my finger _here_ to my ships, _there_ to
+my warehouse. My name is well known in two hemispheres. I have drank
+deeply of intellectual pleasures, have served my country in many
+important stations, have had my gains and my losses.
+
+15. I have seen many, who started with fairer prospects, but with no
+compass, wrecked before me; but I have been impelled in my operations,
+no matter how extensive, by the _same spirit_ which conceived and
+executed the purchase of the jack-knife. And I have found my reward in
+it; and, perhaps, in after years, there will be those who will say that
+the predictions of my father were fulfilled in their case; and that,
+from _small beginnings_, by "_honesty, self-denial, well-directed
+industry_, and _perseverance_," they also, BECAME TRULY "GREAT MEN."
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. How did this boy obtain his first jack-knife? 2. What did
+his father say to him, when he told how he had earned it? 3. What use
+did he make of his knife? 4. What is said about _aristocracy_? 5. What
+is said of this boy when he came to be three-score years old?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXXVII.
+
+ COIN' ED, stamped.
+ BAR' TER, trade; exchange.
+ COM MOD' I TIES, goods; wares.
+ BULL'ION, uncoined silver or gold.
+ BUC' CA NEERS, pirates; freebooters.
+ IM MENSE', very great; enormous.
+ DAIN' TIES, delicacies.
+ SMALL-CLOTHES, breeches.
+ AT TIR' ED, dressed; arrayed.
+ PE' ONY, plant and beautiful flower.
+ PER' SON A BLE, handsome; graceful.
+ ES PE' CIAL LY, mainly; chiefly.
+ RE CEP' TA CLE, that which receives or holds.
+ PON' DER OUS, heavy; bulky.
+ RE SUM' ING, taking again.
+
+
+THE PINE-TREE SHILLINGS.
+
+1. Captain John Hull was the mint-master of Massachusetts, and coined
+all the money that was made there. This was a new line of business; for,
+in the earlier days of the colony, the current coinage consisted of gold
+and silver money of England, Portugal, and Spain.
+
+2. These coins being scarce, the people were often forced to barter
+their commodities, instead of selling them. For instance, if a man
+wanted to buy a coat, he, perhaps, exchanged a bear-skin for it. If he
+wished for a barrel of molasses, he might purchase it with a pile of
+pine-boards. Musket-bullets were used instead of farthings.
+
+3. The Indians had a sort of money, called _wampum_, which was made of
+clam-shells; and this strange sort of specie was, likewise, taken in
+payment of debts, by the English settlers. Bank-bills had never been
+heard of. There was not money enough of any kind, in many parts of the
+country, to pay the salaries of the ministers; so that they sometimes
+had to take quintals of fish, bushels of corn, or cords of wood, instead
+of silver or gold.
+
+4. As the people grew more numerous, and their trade one with another
+increased, the want of current money was still more sensibly felt. To
+supply the demand, the general court passed a law for establishing a
+coinage of shillings, sixpences, and threepences. Captain John Hull was
+appointed to manufacture this money, and was to have _one shilling_, out
+of every twenty, to pay him for the trouble of making them.
+
+5. Hereupon, all the old silver in the colony was handed over to Captain
+John Hull. The battered silver cans, and tankards, and silver-buckles,
+and broken spoons, and silver-buttons of worn-out coats, and silver
+hilts of swords that had figured at courts,--all such curious old
+articles were, doubtless, thrown into the melting-pot together. But by
+far the greater part of the silver consisted of bullion from the mines
+of South America, which the English buccaneers, (who were little better
+than pirates,) had taken from the Spaniards, and brought to
+Massachusetts.
+
+6. All this old and new silver being melted down and coined, the result
+was an immense amount of splendid shillings, sixpences, and threepences.
+Each had the date, 1652, on the one side, and the figure of a
+_pine-tree_ on the other. Hence, they were called _pine-tree shillings_.
+And, for every _twenty shillings_ that he coined, you will remember,
+Captain John Hull was entitled to put _one shilling_ into his own
+pocket.
+
+7. The magistrates soon began to suspect that the mint-master would have
+the best of the bargain. They offered him a large sum of money, if he
+would but give up that _twentieth shilling_, which he was continually
+dropping into his own pocket. But Captain Hull declared himself
+perfectly satisfied with the shilling. And well he might be; for, so
+diligently did he labor, that, in a few years, his pockets, his
+money-bags, and his strong box, were overflowing with pine-tree
+shillings. This was probably the case when he came into possession of
+Grandfather's chair; and, as he had worked so hard at the mint, it was
+certainly proper that he should have a comfortable chair to rest himself
+in.
+
+8. When the mint-master had grown very rich, a young man, Samuel Sewell
+by name, fell in love with his only daughter. His daughter, whom we will
+call Betsey, was a fine, hearty damsel, by no means so slender as some
+young ladies of our own days. As Samuel was a young man of good
+character, industrious in his business, and a member of the church, the
+mint-master very readily gave his consent.
+
+9. "Yes; you may take her," said he, in his rough way; "and you'll find
+her a heavy burden enough!" On the wedding-day, we may suppose that
+honest John Hull dressed himself in a plum-colored coat, all the buttons
+of which were made of pine-tree shillings. The buttons of his waistcoat
+were sixpences; and the knees of his small-clothes were buttoned with
+silver threepences.
+
+10. Thus attired, he sat with great dignity in Grandfather's chair; and,
+being a portly old gentleman, he completely filled it from elbow to
+elbow. On the opposite side of the room, between her bridemaids, sat
+Miss Betsey, blushing like a full-blown peony.
+
+11. There, too, was the bridegroom, dressed in a fine purple coat, and
+gold-lace waistcoat, with as much other finery as the Puritan laws and
+customs would allow him to put on. His hair was cropped close to his
+head, because Governor Endicott had forbidden any man to wear it below
+the ears. But he was a very personable young man; and so thought the
+bridemaids and Miss Betsey herself.
+
+12. The mint-master, also, was pleased with his new son-in-law;
+especially as he had courted Miss Betsey out of pure love, and had said
+nothing at all about her portion. So, when the marriage ceremony was
+over, Captain Hull whispered a word to two of his men-servants, who
+immediately went out, and soon returned, lugging in a large pair of
+scales. They were such a pair as wholesale merchants use for weighing
+bulky commodities; and quite a bulky commodity was now to be weighed in
+them.
+
+13. "Daughter Betsey," said the mint-master, "get into one side of these
+scales." Miss Betsey, or Mrs. Sewell, as we must now call her, did as
+she was bid, like a dutiful child, without any question of the why and
+wherefore. But what her father could mean, unless to make her husband
+pay for her by the pound, (in which case she would have been a dear
+bargain,) she had not the least idea.
+
+14. "And now," said honest John Hull to the servants, "bring that box
+hither." The box, to which the mint-master pointed, was a huge, square,
+iron-bound, oaken chest. The servants tugged with might and main; but
+could not lift this enormous receptacle, and were finally obliged to
+drag it across the floor.
+
+15. Captain Hull then took a key from his girdle, unlocked the chest,
+and lifted its ponderous lid. Behold! _it was full to the brim of bright
+pine-tree shillings_, fresh from the mint; and Samuel Sewell began to
+think that his father-in-law had got possession of all the money in the
+Massachusetts' treasury. But it was only the mint-master's honest share
+of the coinage.
+
+16. Then the servants, at Captain Hull's command, heaped double handfuls
+of shillings into one side of the scales, while Betsey remained in the
+other. Jingle, jingle, went the shillings, as handful after handful was
+thrown in, till, plump and ponderous as she was, they fairly weighed the
+young lady from the floor.
+
+17. "There, son Samuel," said the honest mint-master, resuming his seat
+in Grandfather's chair, "take these shillings for my daughter's portion.
+Use her kindly, and thank Heaven for her. _It is not every wife that's
+worth her weight in silver!_"
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What was Captain John Hull's business? 2. What portion of
+the money coined, was he to receive? 3. How did he get silver to coin?
+4. Describe the shillings he coined. 5. How did he become wealthy? 6.
+Describe his dress on his daughter's wedding-day. 7. What did he say to
+his son-in-law, after weighing her with shillings?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXXVIII.
+
+ LODG' ES, dens; caves.
+ MAR' VEL OUS, wonderful.
+ TIP' PED, pointed.
+ HERD, gather in herds.
+ FA' MOUS, noted; remarkable.
+ ROE' BUCK, small species of deer.
+ STRAIGHT' WAY, immediately.
+ E RECT', upright.
+ FROL' IC, fun; play.
+ FORD, place where water can be waded.
+ FLECK' ED, spotted; striped.
+ FLUT' TER ED, quivered.
+ PAL' PI TA TED, beat; throbbed.
+ WA' RY, watchful; cautious.
+ FA' TAL, deadly; mortal.
+ EX ULT' ED, (_x_ like _gz_,) greatly rejoiced.
+
+
+HIAWATHA'S HUNTING.
+
+LONGFELLOW.
+
+This lesson is taken from "The Song of Hiawatha," a poem, founded upon
+traditions current among some tribes of North American Indians,
+respecting an imaginary being of more than mortal powers and gifts,
+named Hiawatha. The scene of the poem is laid among the Ojibways, or
+Chippewas, a tribe of Indians, occupants, from the period of our
+earliest history, of the basin of Lake Superior.
+
+ 1.
+ Then the little Hiawatha
+ Learned of every bird its language,
+ Learned their names and all their secrets,
+ How they built their nests in summer,
+ Where they hid themselves in winter,
+ Talked with them where'er he met them,
+ Called them "Hiawatha's chickens."
+
+ 2.
+ Of all beasts he learned the language,
+ Learned their names and all their secrets,
+ How the beavers built their lodges,
+ Where the squirrels hid their acorns,
+ How the reindeer ran so swiftly,
+ Why the rabbit was so timid,
+ Talked with them whene'er he met them,
+ Called them "Hiawatha's brothers."
+
+ 3.
+ Then Ia'goo, the great boaster,
+ He, the marvelous story-teller,
+ He, the traveler and the talker,
+ Made a bow for Hiawatha;
+ From a branch of ash he made it,
+ From an oak-bough made the arrows,
+ Tipped with flint, and winged with feathers,
+ And the cord he made of deer-skin.
+
+ 4.
+ Then he said to Hiawatha,
+ "Go, my son, into the forest,
+ Where the red deer herd together,
+ Kill for us a famous roebuck,
+ Kill for us a deer with antlers."
+ Forth into the forest straightway
+ All alone walked Hiawatha
+ Proudly with his bow and arrows.
+
+ 5.
+ And the birds sang round him, o'er him
+ "Do not shoot us, Hiawatha."
+ Sang the robin, sang the bluebird,
+ "Do not shoot us, Hiawatha."
+ Up the oak-tree, close beside him,
+ Sprang the squirrel, lightly leaping
+ In and out among the branches;
+ Coughed and chattered from the oak-tree,
+ Laughed, and said between his laughing,
+ "Do not shoot me, Hiawatha."
+
+ 6.
+ And the rabbit from his pathway
+ Leaped aside, and, at a distance,
+ Sat erect upon his haunches,
+ Half in fear, and half in frolic,
+ Saying to the little hunter,
+ "Do not shoot me, Hiawatha."
+
+ 7.
+ But he heeded not nor heard them,
+ For his thoughts were with the red deer;
+ On their tracks his eyes were fastened,
+ Leading downward to the river,
+ To the ford across the river,
+ And as one in slumber walked he.
+
+ 8.
+ Hidden in the alder bushes,
+ There he waited till the deer came,
+ Till he saw too antlers lifted,
+ Saw two eyes look from the thicket,
+ Saw two nostrils point to windward,
+ And the deer came down the pathway,
+ Flecked with leafy light and shadow.
+ And his heart within him fluttered,
+ Trembled like the leaves above him,
+ Like the birch leaf palpitated,
+ As the deer came down the pathway.
+
+ 9.
+ Then, upon one knee uprising,
+ Hiawatha aimed an arrow;
+ Scarce a twig moved with his motion,
+ Scarce a leaf was stirred or rustled,
+ But the wary roebuck started,
+ Stamped with all his hoofs together,
+ Listened with one foot uplifted,
+ Leaped as if to meet the arrow;
+ Ah, the singing, fatal arrow,
+ Like a wasp it buzzed and stung him.
+
+ 10.
+ Dead he lay there in the forest,
+ By the ford across the river;
+ Beat his timid heart no longer;
+ But the heart of Hiawatha
+ Throbbed, and shouted, and exulted,
+ As he bore the red deer homeward.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XXXIX.
+
+ TRAIL, track; footprints.
+ IN' DICATED, pointed out; shown.
+ MURK' Y, dark; gloomy.
+ FLAM' BEAU, (_flam' bo_,) lighted torch.
+ RE FLECT' ING, throwing back.
+ LU' RID LY, gloomily; dismally.
+ SUS PECT' ING, mistrusting.
+ AS SAIL' ANTS, assaulters.
+ ECH' O, (_ek' o_,) sound reverberated.
+ RE LAPS' ED, fell back; returned.
+ EN VEL' OPED, inwrapped.
+ SUF FO CATED, smothered.
+ BRAND' ISHING, flourishing; waving.
+ RIG' ID, stiff.
+ BIV' OUAC, (_biv' wak_,) pass the night without tents.
+ PEER' ED, came in sight; appeared.
+ DE CLIV' I TY, gradual descent.
+ PRO LONG' ED, lengthened; continued.
+ COM' RADE, companion; associate.
+
+
+A DESPERATE ENCOUNTER WITH A PANTHER.
+
+BOY'S BOOK OF ADVENTURES.
+
+1. I had left the hunting party more than an hour, when I came upon the
+track of my old friend Konwell, who was, with his dogs, on the bloody
+trail of a panther. The animal must have had one of his legs broken;
+this was indicated by the marks on the soft ground; and it was plain
+that the tracks were made by three feet instead of four, and accompanied
+by blood at every leap.
+
+2. I determined to follow; and, after a tramp of nearly an hour, I
+overtook my friend at the entrance of a cavern, where he stood waiting
+for me. The wounded animal had taken refuge in this cave, leaving us to
+do whatever we thought best. The poor beast doubtless supposed that
+within this murky recess he was safe from pursuit; but he was mistaken.
+Konwell informed me that he had hidden a bundle of pine splinters in a
+gulley, about half a mile distant, and that if I would keep guard over
+the mouth of the cave, he would go and bring it.
+
+3. I agreed to this measure; and, with ready gun and drawn knife,
+prepared for any attack that might be made. I lay down at the entrance
+of the panther's cave. My friend soon returned, bringing the pine, as he
+had promised. His next movement was to kindle a large fire at the mouth
+of the cave, at which we lighted our torches; and, having taken the
+flambeaus in our left hand, while we carried our guns in the right, we
+cautiously entered the cave. I crept on before; but the space within
+soon became so high and roomy, that we could stand upright, and keep
+close to each other.
+
+4. Bending toward the left, the cavity extended a considerable distance
+within the hill. After we had advanced about two hundred steps, we saw
+the glaring eyes of the wounded beast, which gleamed forth like two
+fiery balls, reflecting most luridly the light of our torches. Konwell
+now took my flambeau and stepped behind me. I leveled my gun in the
+direction of those flaming eyes, and fired. After the report, we heard a
+bustle; but could not exactly make out what it meant.
+
+5. I reloaded my gun, resumed my torch, and Konwell now took his place
+in front. But, as those flaming eyes were no longer to be seen, we felt
+obliged to go farther. Our guns ready loaded, we believed ourselves to
+be prepared for anything. We proceeded carefully, as men are likely to
+do when suspecting danger, when, instantly, the panther started up from
+a hollow, in which he was lying, quite close to our feet.
+
+6. It was a fearful sight to look upon him as he stood with ears laid
+back, his white teeth set together, as if in intense anger, and those
+wide open eyes glowing and sparkling as they rested upon us, his
+assailants. I can never forget his appearance. In a moment our guns were
+discharged, and the cave returned the thundering echo. We had both fired
+so precisely at the same moment, that neither of us could believe the
+other had discharged his gun.
+
+7. We were certain that our enemy had been struck, but we knew not
+whether killed or only disabled. Quick as thought, we dropped our guns
+and drew our knives from the sheath. And haste was necessary; for the
+echo had not relapsed into silence, before we felt the weight of the
+panther against us; and we began cutting at him with our knives, and, at
+the same moment, in consequence of our hurried movements, our torches
+died out, and we were left in utter darkness.
+
+8. Deafened by the noise and utterly bewildered, I turned to fly from
+the now raging enemy, and only became perfectly aware of what I was
+doing, when I found myself standing beside Konwell outside the cave in
+the open air. I only know now, that, enveloped in thick darkness, and
+almost suffocated with the smoke of gunpowder, I groped about, not
+knowing what I wished or intended; and that Konwell, at last, drew me
+forcibly to the mouth of the cave.
+
+9. There we stood, each one brandishing his hunting-knife in his right
+hand, and holding the extinguished torch in the left; as we looked on
+each other, we scarcely knew whether to laugh or to be frightened at the
+strange figures we made. We were black with powder-smoke, covered with
+sweat and blood, and our clothing torn to rags.
+
+10. Konwell complained of a pain in his breast. I opened the bosom of
+his shirt, and found two deep gashes made by the panther's claws,
+extending from the left shoulder to the pit of the stomach. I also
+received a few scratches, but our stout hunting-shirts were torn to
+shreds.
+
+11. Until this moment, neither of us had felt that he was wounded; and
+even now, before we began to think of dressing those wounds, we made a
+large fire at the mouth of the cavern, in order to prevent the panther
+from coming forth. This done, we sat down beside the genial blaze to
+wash and bind up our scratches, and consult on what plan it was now best
+to proceed.
+
+12. That the panther was still in the cave we were certain; but, whether
+living or dead, we did not know; at all events, he was wounded; for our
+hunting-knives were covered with blood quite up to the hilt. But we had
+no choice left; we must return; for our guns and Konwell's powder-flask,
+which the animal dragged off with him, still lay within the cavern. We
+therefore plucked up new courage; and, having relighted our torches, we
+brandished our knives, and prepared, though not without some heart
+throbbings, once more to enter the panther's den.
+
+13. With light and cautious steps, lest we might be as unpleasantly
+surprised as we had been when we made our hasty retreat, we advanced,
+holding our torches before us, to the spot where we had dropped our
+guns, and without meeting with any hinderance from our enemy. Once more
+in possession of our trusty weapons, we reloaded them, and stepped
+forward with lighter hearts, yet still with great caution, when Konwell
+exclaimed, as he raised the flaming pine high above his head, and
+pointed with it in a certain direction, "_See! there he is!_"
+
+14. This was the first word that had been spoken since we reentered the
+cavern. I looked in the indicated direction, and there, indeed, lay the
+panther, stretched out at full length, but no longer dangerous. His eyes
+were set, his limbs were rigid,--the last agony was over. We skinned and
+cut him up as he lay. All three bullets had struck him, and both knives
+penetrated his body; and it must have been in the death-struggle that he
+leaped upon us.
+
+15. When our work was ended, and we again came to the open air, the sun
+was low in the horizon, and all haste was necessary that we should set
+out on our forest-path without further delay. Our wounds smarted not a
+little, and, although we took time once more to wash them, they became
+so stiff that our progress was both toilsome and tedious. We soon became
+convinced that we should not succeed in reaching our companions while
+daylight remained, and we determined to bivouac for the night, at the
+foot of a rocky declivity, which promised a good shelter from the
+cutting wind.
+
+16. To add to our discomfort, hunger began to make itself painfully
+felt; but this was soon overpowered by weariness, and, having gathered
+up the dry pine branches, we kindled up a good fire, and, without
+troubling ourselves to prepare any thing for supper, we stretched
+ourselves on the grass before it, and found the warmth most grateful.
+
+17. Worn out by the toils of the day, in a few minutes Konwell was fast
+asleep; but, although much inclined to follow his example, I was
+prevented by the restlessness of my dog, which seemed to wish to warn me
+of the presence of danger. The faithful animal, cringing closely to me,
+laid his nose on my shoulder, raising his head from time to time, and
+whined, as though he wished to communicate something, and then, for a
+few moments, would remain quiet. Then, suddenly, he would rise up as in
+the attitude of listening, occasionally uttering a low growl.
+
+18. Completely awakened by this strange behavior on the part of my
+faithful dog, it seemed to me as if I heard a slight rustling among the
+dry bushes; and, rising up to a half-sitting posture, I looked toward
+the rock behind me, and, to my great astonishment, became aware of a
+pair of glaring eyes fastened upon me. As my head was between the fire
+and those fearful eyes, I could plainly distinguish the fiery balls as,
+reflected on by the red light, they peered above the naked rocks.
+
+19. It was a panther, and evidently, from the position in which I saw
+it, was ready for a spring. Happily on this, as on every other night, my
+trusty gun lay close beside me. I seized it, and, half-rising, so that
+the fire behind me afforded light for a steady aim, I leveled it exactly
+between the eyes. I fired, the bullet sped on its deadly errand, and the
+crack of the noble rifle, thundering against the steep rocks, returned
+with loud and prolonged echo.
+
+20. Konwell, to whom the report of a gun was ever the sweetest music,
+now started up, as if roused by an electric shock, and grasped his gun.
+The dog continued his barking, smelling all around, and looking in my
+face as if to inquire in what direction he should go. There was no
+rustling movement on the rock, and the bullet must have taken effect.
+
+21. Konwell shook his head as he inquired, "Why I had shot?" Without
+answering, I began to reload my gun: this finished, I took up a blazing
+pine brand from the fire, and proceeded to climb the steep wall of rock,
+that raised itself like a barrier, about twenty steps distant from the
+spot upon which we rested. Here I found an old panther, the largest I
+had ever seen, lying dead--my well-directed bullet had finished him. I
+flung the body over the rock, and my old comrade dragged him to the
+fire.
+
+22. The ball had struck him directly in the right eye, passing through
+the brain. He was a fearful-looking animal, with terrible teeth and
+claws, and the more to be dreaded, as, when we cut him up, his stomach
+was found entirely empty. I believed that hunger had driven him so close
+to the fire; but Konwell thought he had scented the fresh venison we had
+with us. Be that as it may, there was little doubt but that he would
+have made a leap, as soon as the intervening fire had burned down; to
+its friendly presence, therefore, on this occasion, as a means of
+Providence, we owed our lives.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What had Konwell driven into a den? 2. What preparation
+did he make, before entering into the cavern? 3. How far had the men
+proceeded before they saw the panther? 4. Describe the appearance of the
+panther, as they came near him after the first shot? 5. What did the
+panther do after the men both fired at him? 6. Did they finally succeed
+in killing the panther? 7. Describe the manner in which they killed
+another panther.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XL.
+
+ RAP' IDs, part of a river where the current is swift.
+ TUR' BU LENCE, violent agitation.
+ HELM, instrument for steering a vessel.
+ EX CUR' SION, tour; ramble.
+ A HOY', sea term used in hailing a vessel.
+ QUAFF, drink largely.
+ HOIST, raise; lift up.
+ BLAS PHEM' ING, uttering impious language.
+ SHRIEK' ING, screaming; crying out.
+
+
+THE POWER OF HABIT.
+
+JOHN B. GOUGH.
+
+1. I remember once riding from Buffalo to the Niagara Palls. I said to a
+gentleman, "What river is that, sir?" "That," said he, "is Niagara
+river."
+
+2. "Well, it is a beautiful stream," said I; "bright, and fair, and
+glassy. How far off are the rapids?" "Only a mile or two," was the
+reply.
+
+3. "Is it _possible_ that only a mile from us, we shall find the water
+in the turbulence which it must show near the Falls'?"
+
+"You will find it so, sir." And so I found it; and the first sight of
+Niagara I shall never forget.
+
+4. Now, launch your bark on that Niagara river; it is bright, smooth,
+beautiful, and glassy. There is a ripple at the bow; the silver wake you
+leave behind, adds to your enjoyment. Down the stream you glide, oars,
+sails, and helm in proper trim, and you set out on your pleasure
+excursion.
+
+5. Suddenly, some one cries out from the bank, "_Young men, ahoy!_"
+
+"What is it?"
+
+"_The rapids are below you!_"
+
+6. "Ha! ha! we have heard of the rapids; but we are not such fools as to
+get there. If we go too fast, then we shall up with the helm, and steer
+to the shore; we will set the mast in the socket, hoist the sail, and
+speed to the land. Then on, boys; don't be alarmed,--there is no
+danger."
+
+7. "Young men, ahoy there!"
+
+"What is it?"
+
+"_The rapids are below you!_"
+
+8. "Ha! ha! we will laugh and quaff; all things delight us. What care we
+for the future! No man ever saw it. Sufficient for the day is the evil
+thereof. We will enjoy life while we may,--will catch pleasure as it
+flies. This is enjoyment; time enough to steer out of danger when we are
+sailing swiftly with the current."
+
+9 (_ff._) "YOUNG MEN, AHOY!"
+
+"What is it?"
+
+"BEWARE! BEWARE! THE RAPIDS ARE BELOW YOU!"
+
+10. "Now you see the water foaming all around. See how fast you pass
+that point! Up with the helm! Now turn! Pull hard! (=) Quick! quick!
+quick! pull for your lives! pull till the blood starts from your
+nostrils, and the veins stand like whip-cords upon your brow! Set the
+mast in the socket! hoist the sail! (_sl._) Ah! ah! it is too late!
+Shrieking, howling, blaspheming; over they go."
+
+11. Thousands go over the rapids of intemperance every year, through
+_the power of habit_, crying all the while, "_When I find out that it_
+[Footnote: Temperate drinking.] _is injuring me, I will give it up!_"
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Where are the Niagara Falls? 2. How does the water appear
+just above the Falls? 3. How does it appear farther up? 4. What reply
+are the young men represented as making, when first told the rapids were
+below them? 5. What, when told the second time? 6. What must they do, to
+escape destruction? 7. What is said of _the power of habit?_
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XLI.
+
+ BE SOT' TED, stupefied.
+ BUR LESQU' ED, mocked; derided.
+ DE FI' ED, set at defiance.
+ CHER' ISH ED, fostered; encouraged.
+ STREW' ED, scattered; spread.
+ LIV' ID, discolored; black and blue.
+ MIR' ROR ED, reflected, as in a glass.
+ RE VEAL' INGS, disclosures.
+ PLIGHT' ED, pledged.
+ FOR SWORN', perjured.
+ STAMP' ED, impressed; fixed deeply.
+ BLIGHT, blasting disease.
+ A TONE', make reparation.
+ PRO CLAIM' ED, openly declared.
+ LOATHE, detest; abhor.
+ BEV' ER AGE, drink.
+
+These verses should be read in a firm, half-indignant, yet imploring
+tone of voice,--except the last verse, which should be expressed in a
+very decided and impassioned manner.
+
+
+THE DRUNKARD'S DAUGHTER.
+
+[Footnote: These beautiful and touching verses were written by a young
+lady, in reply to a friend who had called her a monomaniac on the
+subject of temperance.]
+
+1. Go, feel what I have felt,
+ Go, bear what I have borne;
+ Sink 'neath a blow a father dealt,
+ And the cold, proud world's scorn;
+ Thus struggle on from year to year,
+ Thy sole relief,--the scalding tear.
+
+2. Go, weep as I have wept,
+ O'er a loved father's fall,
+ See every cherished promise swept,--
+ Youth's sweetness turned to gall;
+ Hope's faded flowers strewed all the way
+ That led me up to woman's day.
+
+3. Go, kneel as I have knelt;
+ Implore, beseech, and pray,
+ Strive the besotted heart to melt,
+ The downward course to stay;
+ Be cast with bitter curse aside,--
+ Thy prayers burlesqued, thy tears defied.
+
+4. Go, stand where I have stood,
+ And see the strong man bow;
+ With gnashing teeth, lips bathed in blood,
+ And cold and livid brow;
+ Go, catch his wandering glance, and see
+ There mirrored, his soul's misery.
+
+5. Go, hear what I have heard,--
+ The sobs of sad despair,
+ As memory's feeling fount hath stirred,
+ And its revealings there
+ Have told him what he might have been,
+ Had he the drunkard's fate foreseen.
+
+6. Go to my mother's side,
+ And her crushed spirit cheer;
+ Thine own deep anguish hide,
+ Wipe from her cheek the tear;
+ Mark her dimmed eye,--her furrowed brow,
+ The gray that streaks her dark hair now;
+ Her toil-worn frame, her trembling limb,
+ And trace the ruin back to him
+ Whose plighted faith, in early youth,
+ Promised eternal love and truth;
+ But who, forsworn, hath yielded up
+ That promise to the deadly cup,
+ And led her down from love and light,
+ From all that made her pathway bright,
+ And chained her there 'mid want and strife,
+ That lowly thing,--_a drunkard's wife!_
+ And stamped on childhood's brow so mild,
+ That withering blight, _a drunkard's child!_
+
+7. Go, hear, and see, and feel, and know,
+ All that _my soul_ hath felt and known,
+ Then look upon the wine-cup's glow;
+ See if its brightness can atone;
+ Think if its flavor you will try,
+ If all proclaimed, "_'Tis drink and die!_"
+
+8. Tell me I _hate_ the bowl;
+ _Hate_ is a feeble word:
+(f.) _I loathe_, ABHOR,--_my very soul_
+ _With strong disgust is stirred_,
+ Whene'er I see, or hear, or tell,
+ Of the DARK BEVERAGE OF HELL!!
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. By whom was this poetry written? 2. What circumstance
+induced her to write it? 3. What is the meaning of _monomaniac?_ Ans.
+One who is deranged in a single faculty of the mind, or with regard to a
+particular subject, the other faculties being in regular exercise. 4.
+What reasons does she assign for her hatred of alcoholic drink? 5. What
+does she say of her mother? 6. With what tone of voice should the last
+verse be read? See page 40, Rule 4. 7. Why are some words and sentences
+printed in Italics and Capitals? See page 22, Note III.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XLII.
+
+ REC' ORDS, accounts; minutes.
+ AD VENT' URES, doings; strange occurences.
+ EN CUM' BER, load; clog.
+ GRAT I FI CA' TION, indulgence.
+ SCHEME, plan; progress.
+ DE LIB ER A' TION, thought; consideration.
+ LUX U RI OUS, pleasure-loving.
+ EX PE DI' TION, tour; enterprise.
+ MO ROSE', sour; ill-humored.
+ RE VOLT' ING, disgusting; abhorrent.
+ CON TEM' PLATE, consider; think upon.
+ REL' IC, remains.
+ IN VES' TI GATE, examine; look into.
+ AC COM' PLISH ED, effected.
+ PIC TUR ESQUE', (_pikt yur esk'_)grand; beautiful; picture-like.
+
+
+THE TWO YOUNG TRAVELERS.
+
+MERRY'S MUSEUM.
+
+1. Horace and Herman, two young men who were friends, set out to travel
+in distant countries. Before they departed, each had formed a _plan_ of
+proceeding. Horace determined to give himself up entirely to
+_pleasure,_--to go wherever his humor might dictate,--and to keep no
+records of his adventures. In short, he resolved to _enjoy himself_ as
+much as possible, and, by no means, to encumber his mind with cares,
+duties, or troubles of any kind.
+
+2. Herman was as fond of amusement as Horace; but the _mode_ he adopted
+for the gratification of his wishes, was quite different. In the first
+place, he made out a scheme of his travels: he procured maps, read
+books, and, after mature deliberation, adopted a certain route, as most
+likely to afford him pleasure as well as instruction.
+
+3. In the formation of this plan, he spent several weeks; and, in this
+occupation, he found quite as much satisfaction as he afterwards did in
+traveling. Thus he obtained one great advantage over his idle and
+luxurious friend, who foolishly thought that the essence of enjoyment
+lay in freedom from thought, restraint, and toil. Even before they set
+out on their journey, Herman had actually found nearly as _much_
+pleasure as Horace received in the whole course of his expedition.
+
+4. The two young men started together; and, as there were then no canals
+or railroads, they both set out on foot. They had not proceeded far
+before they separated,--Horace taking one road and Herman another.
+
+5. After the lapse of three years, they both returned; but what a
+difference between them! Horace was morose and dissatisfied; he had seen
+a good deal of the world, but, as he had traveled with no other design
+than to _gratify himself_ from hour to hour, he had soon exhausted the
+cup of pleasure, and found nothing at the bottom but the bitter dregs of
+discontent.
+
+6. He pursued pleasure, till, at last, he found the pursuit to be
+distasteful and revolting. He grew tired even of amusement. He indulged
+his tastes, humors, and passions, until indulgence itself was
+disgusting. When he returned to his friends, he had laid up nothing in
+his memory, by the relation of which he could amuse them; he had kept no
+record of things he had seen; he brought back no store of pleasing and
+useful recollections for himself, or others. Such was the result of
+three years' travel for pleasure.
+
+7. It was quite otherwise with Herman. Adhering to his plans, he visited
+a great many places, and, each day, he recorded in his journal what he
+had seen. Whenever he met with an interesting object, he stopped to
+contemplate it. If it was some aged relic, famous in history, he took
+pains to investigate its story, and to write it down. If it was an
+object of interest to the eye, he made a sketch of it in a book which he
+kept for that purpose.
+
+8. In this way, Herman accomplished three good objects. In the first
+place, by taking pleasure in a moderate way, and mixing with it a little
+toil and industry, he prevented that cloying surfeit which, at last,
+sickened and disgusted Horace.
+
+9. In the second place, he greatly increased his enjoyments by the plan
+he adopted. Merely executing a plan is agreeable, and a source of great
+pleasure. It is natural to derive happiness from following out a
+design,--from seeing, hour by hour, day by day, how results come about,
+in conformity to our intentions.
+
+10. But _this_ was not the _only_ advantage which Herman received from
+his system. The very toil he bestowed; the investigations he made; the
+pleasant thoughts and curious knowledge that were unfolded to his mind;
+the excitement he found in his exertions; the pleasure he took in
+drawing picturesque scenes; _all_ constituted a rich harvest of
+pleasure, which was wholly denied to Horace.
+
+11. Thus it was that labor and industry, exerted in carrying out a plan,
+afforded the young traveler a vast deal of gratification. The very
+things that Horace looked upon as hateful, were, in fact, the sources of
+his friend's most permanent enjoyment.
+
+12. In the third place, Herman had come back laden with rich stores of
+knowledge, observation, and experience. Not only was his journal rich in
+tales, legends, scenes, incidents, and historical records, but in
+putting these things down on paper, his memory had been improved, and he
+had acquired the habit of observing and remembering. His mind was full
+of pleasant things, and nothing could be more interesting than to hear
+him tell of his travels, and of what he had seen.
+
+13. While Horace was dull, silent, and sour, Herman was full of
+conversation, life, and interest. The one was happy', the other
+unhappy`; one was agreeable', the other disagreeable`; one had exhausted
+the cup of pleasure', the other seemed always to have the cup full and
+sparkling before him`. It was agreed on all hands that Horace was a
+disagreeable person, and everybody shunned him; while Herman was
+considered by all a most agreeable companion, and everybody sought his
+society.
+
+14. So much for the two travelers; _one_, a luxurious lover of pleasure,
+who thought only of the passing moment, and, in his folly, abused and
+threw away his powers of enjoyment; the _other_, a lover of pleasure
+also; but who pursued it moderately, with a wise regard to the future,
+and careful attention, every day, to the rules of duty; and who thus
+secured his true happiness.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What plan had Horace determined to pursue while
+traveling? 2. What was Herman's plan? 3. What is said of Horace, after
+his return? 4. How was it with Herman? 5. What is said of the two in
+contrast? 6. What effect has the emphasis on the place of the accent in
+the words _unhappy_ and _disagreeable_, 13th paragraph? See page 22,
+note V.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XLIII.
+
+ IM' PORT, meaning.
+ GROV' EL ING, mean; creeping.
+ A CHIEVE' MENT, performance.
+ AS PI RA' TION, wish; ardent desire.
+ SAN' GUINE, ardent; hopeful.
+ RE' AL IZ ED, attained.
+ IN SPI RA' TION, natural impulse.
+ STATE' LI NESS, dignity: majesty.
+ AD VENT' TUR OUS, daring; enterprising.
+ EX UL TA' TION, (_x_ like _gz_,) triumph.
+ RI' VALS, competitors.
+ DIG' NI TY, elevation; majesty.
+ OR' A CLES, wise words or sentences.
+ A' PEX, hight; summit.
+ TEN' E MENT, dwelling; _here means_, the body.
+ AD MON' ISH. warn.
+ RAPT' UR OUS, joyous; ecstatic.
+ AN TIC I PA' TION, foretaste.
+
+ PHI LOS' O PHY, (PHILO, _love_; SOPHY, _wisdom_,) love of wisdom;
+ reason of things. See SANDERS & McELLIGOTT'S ANALYSIS, page 236,
+ Ex. 334
+
+
+HIGHER!
+
+1. HIGHER! It is a word of noble import. It lifts the soul of man from
+low and groveling pursuits, to the achievement of great and noble deeds,
+and ever keeps the object of his aspiration in view, till his most
+sanguine expectations are fully realized.
+
+2. HIGHER! lisps the infant that clasps its parent's knee, and makes its
+feeble effort to rise from the floor. It is the first inspiration of
+childhood to burst the narrow confines of the cradle, and to exercise
+those feeble, tottering limbs, which are to walk forth in the
+stateliness of manhood.
+
+3. HIGHER! echoes the proud school-boy in his swing; or, as he climbs
+the tallest tree of the forest, that he may look down upon his less
+adventurous comrades with a flush of exultation,--and abroad over the
+fields, the meadows, and his native village.
+
+4. HIGHER! earnestly breathes the student of philosophy and nature. He
+has a host of rivals; but he must excel them all. The midnight oil burns
+dim; but he finds light and knowledge in the lamps of heaven, and his
+soul is never weary, when the last of them is hid by the splendors of
+the morning.
+
+5. And HIGHER! his voice thunders forth, when the dignity of manhood has
+mantled his form, and the multitude is listening with delight to his
+oracles, burning with eloquence, and ringing like true steel in the
+cause of _Freedom_ and _Right_. And when time has changed his locks to
+silver,--when the young and the old unite to do him honor, he still
+breathes forth from his generous heart fond wishes for their welfare.
+
+6. HIGHER YET! He has reached the apex of earthly honor; yet his spirit
+burns as warm as in youth, though with a steadier and purer light. And
+even now, while his frail tenement begins to admonish him, that "the
+time of his departure is at hand," he looks forward, with rapturous
+anticipation, to the never-fading glory, attainable only in the presence
+of the Most High.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What is said of the word _Higher_, first paragraph? 2.
+When does the school-boy say Higher? 3. What is said of the student? 4.
+What, when he arrives at manhood? 5. What, when he becomes old? 6. Where
+is the passage within the quotation to be found? Ans. 2 Timothy, 4th
+chapter, 6th verse.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XLIV.
+
+ IN TENS' ER, more fervent.
+ STUB' BORN, unyielding; rugged.
+ DEEM, think; imagine.
+ OLD' EN, old; ancient.
+ CLINGS, sticks; adheres closely.
+ GAL' LANT, fine; noble.
+ YAWN' ING, wide-opening.
+ FU' RY, rage; madness.
+ RAVE, rage; become furious.
+ HEC' TIC, habitual; continuous.
+ MEN' TAL, intellectual.
+ WIELD, sway; exert.
+ PRIV' I LEGE, right; opportunity.
+ DOW' ER, gift; portion.
+
+
+LABOR.
+
+[Footnote: These lines were suggested by the simple incident of an
+industrious wood-sawyer's reply to a man who told him that _his was a
+hard work_. "Yes, it is hard, to be sure; but _it is harder to do
+nothing_," was his answer.]
+
+CAROLINE F. ORNE.
+
+1. Ho, ye who at the anvil toil, And strike the sounding blow, Where,
+from the burning iron's breast, The sparks fly to and fro, While
+answering to the hammer's ring, And fire's intenser glow!--Oh, while ye
+feel 'tis hard to toil And sweat the long day through, Remember, it is
+harder still _To have no work to do!_
+
+2. Ho, ye who till the stubborn soil, Whose hard hands guide the plow,
+Who bend beneath the summer sun, With burning cheek and brow!--Ye deem
+the curse still clings to earth From olden time till now; But, while ye
+feel 'tis hard to toil And labor all day through, Remember, it is harder
+still _To have no work to do_!
+
+3. Ho, ye who plow the sea's blue field, Who ride the restless wave,
+Beneath whose gallant vessel's keel There lies a yawning grave, Around
+whose bark the wint'ry winds Like fiends of fury rave!--Oh, while ye
+feel 'tis hard to toil And labor long hours through, Remember, it is
+harder still _To have no work to do!_ 4 Ho, ye upon whose fevered cheeks
+The hectic glow is bright, Whose mental toil wears out the day, And half
+the weary night, Who labor for the souls of men, Champions of truth and
+right!--Although ye feel your toil is hard, Even with this glorious
+view, Remember, it is harder still _To have no work to do!_ 5. Ho, all
+who labor,--all who strive Ye wield a lofty power; Do with your might,
+do with your strength, Fill every golden hour! The glorious privilege
+_to do_ Is man's most noble dower. Oh, to your birthright and yourselves
+To your own souls be true! A weary, wretched life is theirs, _Who have
+no work to do!_
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What incident suggested these thoughts to the writer? 2.
+Who toil at the anvil? 3. Who till the stubborn soil? 4. Who plow the
+sea's blue wave? 5. Who toil mentally? 6. Who labor for the souls of
+men? 7. What is man's most noble dower? 8. What is said to all these
+different laborers? 9. What is the meaning of the suffix _less_ in the
+word _restless?_ See SANDERS & McELLIGOTT'S ANALYSIS, page 140, Ex. 187.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XLV.
+
+ E LIC' IT, draw forth.
+ IN TEL' LI GENT, knowing; well-informed.
+ RE FRAIN, hold in, or keep back.
+ IG NO RA' MUS, ignorant person.
+ RE TORT', reply; answer back.
+ IN DEL' I BLY, in a way not to be effaced.
+ MYS' TE RIES, profound secrets.
+ AB SORB' ED, engrossed; occupied.
+ MOR TI FI CA' TION, deep disappointment.
+ OB STA CLE, hinderance; impediment.
+ RE VOLT ED, shrank back.
+ POR' ING, earnestly perusing.
+ EM I NENCE, distinction.
+ IN FOR MA' TION, knowledge.
+ IL LIT' ER ATE, ignorant; unlearned.
+ PRO FES' SION, business; employment.
+ DIS' CI PLIN ED trained; instructed.
+ CON TEMPT' U OUS, scornful; hateful.
+ AN TAG' O NIST, opponent; adversary.
+
+
+THE AMBITIOUS APPRENTICE.
+
+1. "How far is it from here to the sun?" asked Harmon Lee of his
+father's apprentice, James Wallace, intending by the question to elicit
+some reply that would exhibit the boy's ignorance.
+
+2. James Wallace, a boy of fourteen, turned his bright, intelligent eyes
+upon the son of his employer, and replied, "I don't know, Harmon. How
+far is it?"
+
+3. There was something so honest and earnest in the tone of the boy,
+that, much as Harmon had felt disposed, at first, to sport with his
+ignorance, he could not refrain from giving him a true answer. Still,
+his contempt for the ignorant apprentice was not to be concealed, and he
+replied, "_Ninety-five millions of miles_, you ignoramus!" James did not
+retort; but, repeating over in his mind the distance named, fixed it
+indelibly upon his memory.
+
+4. On the same evening, after he had finished his day's work, he
+obtained a small text-book on astronomy, which belonged to Harmon Lee,
+and went up into his garret with a candle, and there, alone, attempted
+to dive into the mysteries of that sublime science. As he read, the
+earnestness of his attention fixed nearly every fact upon his mind. So
+intent was he, that he perceived not the flight of time, until the
+town-clock struck ten.
+
+5. He lay down upon his hard bed, and gave full scope to his thoughts.
+Hour after hour passed away, but he could not sleep, so absorbed was he
+in reviewing the new and wonderful things he had read. At last, wearied
+nature gave way, and he fell into a slumber, filled with dreams of
+planets, moons, comets, and fixed stars.
+
+6. The next morning the apprentice boy resumed his place at the
+work-bench with a new feeling; and, with _this_ feeling, was mingled one
+of regret, that he could not go to school as well as Harmon.
+
+"But I can study at night, while he is asleep," he said to himself.
+
+7. Just then Harmon Lee came into the shop, and, approaching James,
+said, for the purpose of teasing him, "How big round is the earth,
+James?"
+
+"_Twenty-five thousand miles,_" was the quick reply.
+
+8. Harmon looked surprised, for a moment, and then responded, with a
+sneer,--for he was not a kind-hearted boy, but, on the contrary, very
+selfish, and disposed to _injure_ rather than _do good_ to others,--"Oh!
+how wonderfully wise you are all at once! And no doubt you can tell how
+many moons Jupiter has? Come, let us hear."
+
+9. "Jupiter has four moons," James answered, with something of
+exultation in his tone.
+
+"And, no doubt, you can tell how many rings it has?"
+
+"Jupiter has no rings. Saturn has rings, and Jupiter belts," James
+replied, in a decisive tone.
+
+10. For a moment or two Harmon was silent with surprise and
+mortification, to think that his father's _apprentice_, whom he esteemed
+so far below him, should be possessed of knowledge equal to his, and on
+the points in reference to which he had chosen to question him,--and
+that he should be able to convict him of an error, into which he had
+purposely fallen.
+
+11. "I should like to know how long it is since you became so
+wonderfully wise," said Harmon, with a sneer.
+
+"Not very long," James replied calmly. "I have been reading one of your
+books on astronomy."
+
+12. "I should like to know what business _you_ have to touch one of _my_
+books! You had better be minding your work."
+
+"I did not neglect it, Harmon; I read at _night_, after I was done with
+my work; and I did not hurt your book."
+
+"I don't care if you _didn't_ hurt it. You are not going to have _my_
+books, I can tell you. So, you just let them alone."
+
+13. Poor James's heart sank within him at this unexpected obstacle, so
+suddenly thrown in his way. He had no money of his own to buy, and knew
+of no one from whom he could borrow the book, that had become so
+necessary to his happiness. "Do, Harmon," he said, "lend me the book; I
+will take good care of it."
+
+"No; I will not. And don't you dare to touch it," was the angry reply.
+
+14. James Wallace knew well enough the selfish disposition of Harmon, to
+be convinced that there was now but little hope of his having the use of
+his books, except by stealth; and from that his naturally open and
+honest principles revolted. All day he thought earnestly of the means
+whereby he should be able to obtain a book on astronomy, to quench the
+ardent thirst he had created in his own mind.
+
+15. He was learning the trade of a blind-maker. Having been already an
+apprentice for two years, and being industrious and intelligent, he had
+acquired a readiness with tools, and much skill in some parts of his
+trade. While sitting alone, after he had finished his work for the day,
+it occurred to him that he might, by working in the evening, earn some
+money, and with it buy such books as he wanted.
+
+16. By consent of his employer, he succeeded in getting a small job,
+from one of his neighbors; and, in a short time, by working evenings, he
+obtained sufficient money to purchase a book of his own, and had a half
+dollar left, with which he bought a second-hand dictionary. Every night
+found him poring over his books; and, as soon as it was light enough in
+the morning to see, he was up and reading. During the day, his mind was
+pondering over the things he had read, while his hands were diligently
+employed in the labor assigned him.
+
+17. It occurred, just at this time, that a number of benevolent
+individuals established, in the town where James lived, one of those
+excellent institutions, an Apprentices' Library. To this he applied, and
+obtained the books he needed. And thus, did this poor apprentice boy lay
+the foundation of future eminence and usefulness. At the age of
+twenty-one, he was master of his trade; and, what was more, had laid up
+a vast amount of general and scientific information.
+
+18. Let us now turn to mark the progress of the young student, Harmon
+Lee, in one of the best seminaries in his native city, and afterwards at
+college. The idea that he was to be a lawyer, soon took possession of
+his mind, and this caused him to feel contempt for other boys, who were
+merely designed for trades or store-keeping.
+
+19. Like too many others, he had no love for learning. To be a _lawyer_
+he thought would be much more honorable than to be a mere mechanic; and,
+for this reason _alone_, he desired to be one. As for James Wallace, the
+poor illiterate apprentice, he was most heartily despised, and never
+treated by Harmon with the least degree of kind consideration.
+
+20. At the age of eighteen, Harmon was sent away to one of the eastern
+universities, and there remained until he was twenty years of age, when
+he graduated, and came home with the honorary title of Bachelor of Arts.
+On the very day that James completed his term of apprenticeship, Harmon
+was admitted to the bar.
+
+21. From some cause, James determined he would make law _his_
+profession. To the acquirement of a knowledge of legal matters,
+therefore, he bent all the energies of a well disciplined mind. Two
+years passed away in an untiring devotion to the studies he had assigned
+himself, and he then made application for admission to the bar.
+
+22. Young Wallace passed his examinations with some applause, and the
+first case on which he was employed, chanced to be one of great
+difficulty, which required all his skill; the lawyer on the opposite
+side was Harmon Lee, who entertained for his father's apprentice the
+utmost contempt.
+
+23. The cause came on. There was a profound silence and a marked
+attention and interest, when the young stranger arose in the court-room
+to open the case. A smile of contempt curled the lip of Harmon Lee, but
+Wallace saw it not. The prominent points of the case were presented in
+plain, but concise language to the court; and a few remarks bearing upon
+its merits being made, the young lawyer took his seat, and gave room for
+the defense.
+
+24. Instantly Harmon Lee was on his feet, and began referring to the
+points presented by his "very learned brother," in a very flippant
+manner. There were those present who marked the light that kindled in
+the eye of Wallace, and the flash that passed over his countenance at
+the first contemptuous word and tone that were uttered by his antagonist
+at the bar. These soon gave place to attention, and an air of conscious
+power. Nearly an hour had passed when Harmon resumed his seat with a
+look of exultation, which was followed by a pitying and contemptuous
+smile, as Wallace again slowly rose.
+
+25. Ten minutes, however, had not passed when that smile had changed to
+a look of surprise, mortification, and alarm. The young lawyer's first
+speech showed him to be a man of calm, deep, systematic thought,--well
+skilled in points of law and in authorities,--and, more than all, a
+lawyer of practical and comprehensive views. When he sat down, no
+important point in the case had been left untouched, and none that had
+been touched, required further elucidation.
+
+20. Lee followed briefly, in a vain attempt to torture his language and
+break down his positions. But he felt that he was contending with
+weapons whose edges were turned at every blow. When he took his seat
+again, Wallace merely remarked that he was prepared, without further
+argument, to submit the case to the court.
+
+27. The case was accordingly submitted, and a decision unhesitatingly
+made in favor of the plaintiff, or Wallace's client. From that hour
+James Wallace took his true position. _The despised apprentice became
+the able and profound lawyer,_ and was esteemed for real talent and real
+moral worth, which, when combined, ever place their possessor in his
+true position. Ten years from that day, Wallace was elevated to the
+bench, while Lee, a second-rate lawyer, never rose above that position.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What profession did James study, after he had learned his
+trade? 2. Who was his opponent in the first cause he tried? 3. Which won
+the case? 4. What did James finally become?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XLVI.
+
+ TAUNT' ING LY, insultingly.
+ DIG' NI FI ED, noble.
+ DIS PU' TANTS, persons disputing.
+ RES O LU' TION, decision.
+ IM AG' IN ED, fancied.
+ RE FLEC' TION, thought; consideration.
+ SU PE RI OR' I TY, preeminence.
+ SUB OR DI NATE, one inferior in position.
+ BUF' FET ED, struggled against.
+ THRALLS, bondage.
+ DES POT' IC, tyrannical.
+ OP PRES' SION, tyranny.
+ PEN' U RY, poverty; destitution.
+ PRED E CES' SORS, those who have gone before.
+ DIS PEN SA' TIONS, dealings.
+ CRI TE' RI ON, standard; measure.
+
+
+"SO WAS FRANKLIN."
+
+ANON.
+
+1. "Oh, you're a _'prentice!_" said a little boy, the other day,
+tauntingly, to his companion. The boy addressed turned proudly round,
+and, while the fire of injured pride, and the look of pity were
+strangely blended in his countenance, coolly answered, "_So was
+Franklin!_"
+
+2. This dignified reply struck me forcibly, and I turned to mark the
+disputants more closely. The former, I perceived by his dress, was of a
+higher class in society than his humble, yet more dignified companion.
+The latter was a sprightly, active lad, scarce twelve years old, and
+coarsely, but neatly attired. But, young as he was, there was visible in
+his countenance much of genius, manly dignity, and determinate
+resolution; while that of the former showed only fostered pride, and the
+imagined superiority of riches.
+
+3. That little fellow, thought we, gazing at our young hero, displays
+already much of the man, though his calling be a humble one; and, though
+poverty extends to him her dreary, cheerless reality, still he looks on
+the brightest side of the scene, and already rises in anticipation from
+poverty and wretchedness! Once, "_so was Franklin_" and the world may
+one day witness in our little "_'prentice_" as great a philosopher as
+they have already seen in his noble pattern! And we passed on, buried in
+meditation.
+
+4. The motto of our infantile philosopher contains much,--too much to be
+forgotten, and should be engraven on the minds of all. What can better
+cheer man in a humble calling, than the reflection that the greatest and
+the best of earth--the greatest statesmen, the brightest philosophers,
+and the proudest warriors--have once graced the same profession?
+
+5.
+ "Look at Franklin! He who
+ With the thunder talked, as friend to friend,
+ And wove his garland of the lightning's wing,
+ In sportive twist."
+
+What was he? A _printer!_ once a subordinate in a printing office!
+Poverty stared him in the face; but her blank, hollow look, could
+nothing daunt him. He struggled against a harder current than most are
+called to encounter; but he did not yield. He pressed manfully onward;
+bravely buffeted misfortune's billows, and gained the desired haven!
+
+6. Look at Cincinnatus! At the call of his country he laid aside the
+plow and seized the sword. But having wielded it with success, when his
+country was no longer endangered, and public affairs needed not his
+longer stay, "he beat his sword Into a ploughshare," and returned with
+honest delight to his little farm.
+
+7. Look at Washington! What was his course of life? He was first a
+_farmer;_ next a _Commander in Chief_ of the hosts of freedom, fighting
+for the liberation of his country from the thralls of despotic
+oppression; next, called to the highest seat of government by his
+ransomed brethren, a _President of the largest Republic on earth_, and
+lastly, a _farmer_ again.
+
+8. What was the famous Ben Jonson? He was first a _brick-layer, or
+mason!_ What was he in after years? 'Tis needless to answer.
+
+What was Burns? An Ayrshire _plowman!_ What was he in after life, in the
+estimation of his countrymen, and the world? Your library gives the
+answer!
+
+9. But shall we go on, and call up, in proud array, all the mighty host
+of worthies that have lived and died, who were cradled in the lap of
+penury, and received their first lessons in the school of affliction'?
+Nay'; we have cited instances enough already,--yea, more than enough to
+prove the point in question--namely, _that there is no profession,
+however low in the opinion of the world, but has been honored with
+earth's greatest and worthiest._
+
+10. Young man! Does the iron hand of misfortune press hard upon you, and
+disappointments well-nigh sink your despairing soul'? Have courage!
+Mighty ones have been your predecessors, and have withstood the current
+of opposition that threatened to overwhelm their fragile bark.
+
+11. Do you despise your humble station, and repine that Providence has
+not placed you in some nobler sphere'? Murmur not against the
+dispensations of an All-wise Creator! Remember that wealth is no
+criterion of moral rectitude or intellectual worth,--that riches
+dishonestly gained, are a lasting curse,--that virtue and uprightness
+work out a rich reward,--and that
+
+ "An honest man's the noblest work of God."
+
+12. And when dark Disappointment comes, do not wither at her stare; but
+press forward, and the prize is yours! It was thus with _Franklin_,--it
+can be thus with _you_. He strove for the prize, and he won it! So may
+_you!_ 'Tis well worth contending for; and may success attend you, and
+the "stars" grow brighter, as the "stripes" wear deeper!
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What did the rich boy say of the poor boy? 2. What reply
+did the poor boy make? 3. What other examples are cited of eminent men
+who were once poor? 4. What is said of Cincinnatus? 5. Of Washington? 6.
+Of Ben Jonson? 7. Of Burns? 8. What do all these examples prove? 9. What
+encouragement is given to young men? 10. What are the full forms of the
+words _you're, 'prentice?_
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XLVII.
+
+ MAG'IC, power of enchantment.
+ CONTEN'TION, strife; controversy.
+ TRA DI'TION, facts or events handed down from age to age.
+ SUB TILE, thin; slight; slender.
+ IN VEST'ED, clothed.
+ CREST'ED, adorned with a plume or crest.
+ AZ'URE, light-blue; sky-colored.
+ PER SPECT' IVE, (PER, _through_; SPECT, _to see_; IVE, _having
+ the power_,) having the power to see through; a view through.
+ UN DI VERT' ED, (UN, _not_; DI, _aside_; VERTED, _turned_,)
+ not turned aside; unheeded.
+ VEST'URE, garment.
+ SE DATE', calm; quiet.
+ FAN TAS'TIC, fanciful; visionary.
+ RA DI ANCE, brightness; luster.
+ IN VEC'TIVE, railing speech.
+ I DE'AL, imaginary.
+ FA TIGU ING, wearisome, toilsome.
+ AS PIR'ING, aiming; seeking to rise.
+
+
+NOW AND THEN.
+
+JANE TAYLOR.
+
+ 1. In distant days,--of wild romance,
+ Of magic, mist, and fable,--
+ When stones could argue, trees advance,[Footnote 1]
+ And brutes to talk were able,--
+ When shrubs and flowers were said to preach,
+ And manage all the parts of speech,--
+
+ 2. 'Twas _then_, no doubt, if 'twas at all,
+ (But doubts we need not mention,)
+ That _Then_ and _Now_, two adverbs small,
+ Engaged in sharp contention;
+ But how they made each other hear,
+ Tradition doth not make appear.
+
+ 3. _Then_ was a sprite of subtile frame,
+ With rainbow tints invested.--
+ On clouds of dazzling light she came,
+ And stars her forehead crested;
+ Her sparkling eyes of azure hue,
+ Seemed borrowed from the distant blue.
+
+ 4. _Now_ rested on the solid earth,
+ And sober was her vesture;
+ She seldom either grief or mirth
+ Expressed, by word or gesture;
+ Composed, sedate, and firm she stood,
+ And looked industrious, calm, and good.
+
+ 5. _Then_ sang a wild, fantastic song,
+ Light as the gale she flies on,
+ Still stretching, as she sailed along,
+ Toward the far horizon,
+ Where clouds of radiance, fringed with gold,
+ O'er hills of emerald beauty rolled.
+
+ 6. _Now_ rarely raised her sober eye
+ To view that golden distance;
+ Nor let one idle minute fly
+ In hope of _Then's_ assistance;
+ But still with busy hands she stood,
+ Intent on doing _present_ good.
+
+ 7. She ate the sweet, but homely fare,
+ That passing moments brought her;
+ While _Then_, expecting dainties rare,
+ Despised such bread and water;
+ And waited for the fruits and flowers
+ Of future, still receding hours.
+
+ 8. _Now_, venturing once to ask her why,
+ She answered with invective;
+ And pointed, as she made reply,
+ _Toward that long perspective
+ Of years to come_,--in distant blue,
+ Wherein she meant to _live_ and _do_,
+
+ 9. "Alas!" says she, _"how hard you toil!_
+ With undiverted sadness;
+ Behold yon land of wine and oil!
+ Those sunny hills of gladness!
+ Those joys I wait, with eager brow,"
+ _"And so you always will!"_ said _Now_.
+
+10. "That fairy land that looks so real,
+ Recedes as you pursue it;
+ Thus, while you wait for time's ideal,
+ _I take my work and do it;_
+ Intent to form, when time is gone,
+ A _pleasant past_ to look upon."
+
+11. "Ah, well," said _Then_, "I envy not
+ Your dull, fatiguing labors,--
+ Aspiring to a brighter lot,
+ With thousands of my neighbors;
+ Soon as I reach that golden hill,"--
+ "But that," says _Now_, "you _never will!"_
+
+12. "And e'en suppose you should," said she,
+ "(Though mortal ne'er attained it,)
+ Your nature you must change with me,
+ The moment you have gained it;
+ Since hope fulfilled, (you must allow,)
+ Turns NOW to _Then_, and THEN to _Now_."
+
+[Footnote 1: The reference is to Orpheus, (or' fuse,) an ancient poet
+and musician of Greece. The skill of Orpheus on the lyre, was fabled to
+have been such as to move the very trees and rocks, and to assemble the
+beasts around him as he touched its chords.]
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What two words are represented as holding a controversy?
+2. Describe the appearance of each. 3. When did _Then_ propose to do
+something? 4. How did Now act? 5. What answer did _Then_ make, when
+_Now_ asked her why she waited? 6. What was _Now's_ reply? 7. What did
+_Now_ finally say to _Then_? 8. How should passages, within a
+parenthesis, be read? See SANDERS' UNION READER, NUMBER THREE, page 20.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XLVIII.
+
+ IN GEN' IOUS, artful; skillful.
+ STRAT' A GEM, trick; artifice.
+ EX CEED' ED, surpassed.
+ SIG' NALS, signs.
+ AM' I CA BLE, friendly; peaceable.
+ RE PEL', (RE, _back_; PEL, _to drive_,)drive back.
+ MU' TU AL, reciprocal.
+ EX TRAOR' DI NA RY, uncommon.
+ IN VET' ER ATE, obstinate; violent.
+ HARANGUE', declamatory speech.
+ EN TER TAIN' ED, held; had.
+ SUS PI' CION, mistrust.
+ EN COUN' TER ED, met face to face.
+ EX' E CU TED, carried out.
+ FOR' MI DA BLE, fearful; dreadful.
+ PER FID' I OUS, treacherous.
+ PRE CIP' ITATELY, headlong.
+ IN AN' I MATE, dead; lifeless.
+
+
+AN INGENIOUS STRATAGEM.
+
+DAYS OF WASHINGTON.
+
+1. In the early part of the war, a sergeant and twelve armed men
+undertook a journey through the wilderness, in the State of New
+Hampshire. Their route was remote from any settlement, and they were
+under the necessity of encamping over night in the woods. Nothing
+material happened the first day of their excursion; but, early in the
+afternoon of the second, they, from an eminence, discovered a body of
+armed Indians advancing toward them, whose number rather exceeded their
+own.
+
+2. As soon as the whites were perceived by their red brethren, the
+latter made signals, and the two parties approached each other in an
+amicable manner. The Indians appeared to be much gratified with meeting
+the sergeant and his men, whom, they observed, they considered as their
+protectors. They said they belonged to a tribe which had raised the
+hatchet with zeal in the cause of liberty, and were determined to do all
+in their power to repel the common enemy.
+
+3. They shook hands in friendship. When they had conversed with each
+other for some time, and exchanged mutual good wishes, they, at length,
+separated, and each party traveled in a different direction. After
+proceeding to the distance of a mile or more, the sergeant, who was
+acquainted with all the different tribes, and knew on which side of the
+contest they were respectively ranked, halted his men, and addressed
+them in the following words:
+
+4. "My brave companions, we must use the utmost caution, or this night
+may be our last. Should we not make some extraordinary exertions to
+defend ourselves, to-morrow's sun may find us sleeping, never to wake.
+You are surprised, comrades, at my words, and your anxiety will not be
+lessened, when I inform you that we have just passed _our most
+inveterate foe_, who, under the mask of pretended friendship, which you
+have witnessed, would lull us to security, and, by such means, in the
+unguarded moments of our midnight slumber, without resistance, seal our
+fate."
+
+5. The men with astonishment listened to this short harangue; and their
+surprise was greater, as not one of them had entertained the suspicion
+but that they had just encountered friends. They all immediately
+resolved to enter into some scheme for their mutual preservation, and
+the destruction of their enemies. By the proposal of their leader, the
+following plan was adopted and executed.
+
+6. The spot selected for their night's encampment, was near a stream of
+water, which served to cover their rear. They felled a large tree,
+before which, on the approach of night, a brilliant fire was lighted.
+Each individual cut a log of wood, about the size of his body, rolled it
+nicely in his blanket, placed his hat upon one end, and laid it before
+the fire, that the enemy might be deceived, and mistake it for a man.
+
+7. After they had thus fitted out logs, equal in number to the
+sergeant's party, and had so artfully arranged them, that they might be
+easily mistaken for so many soldiers, the men with loaded muskets placed
+themselves behind the fallen tree, by which time the shades of evening
+began to close around. The fire was kept burning brilliantly until late
+in the evening, when it was suffered to decline.
+
+8. The critical time was now approaching, when an attack might be
+expected from the Indians; but the sergeant's men rested in their place
+of concealment with great anxiety, till near midnight, without
+perceiving any movement of the enemy. At length, a tall Indian was
+discovered, through the glimmering of the fire, cautiously moving toward
+them, making no noise, and apparently using every means in his power to
+conceal himself from any one about the camp.
+
+9. For a time, his actions showed him to be suspicious that a guard
+might be stationed to watch any unusual appearance, who would give the
+alarm in case of danger; but, all appearing quiet, he ventured forward
+more boldly, rested upon his toes, and was distinctly seen to move his
+finger as he numbered each log of wood, or what he supposed to be a
+human being quietly enjoying repose.
+
+10. To satisfy himself more fully, as to the number, he counted them
+over a second time, and cautiously retired. He was succeeded by another
+Indian, who went through the same movements, and retired in the same
+manner. Soon after, the whole party, sixteen in number, were discovered
+approaching, and greedily eyeing their supposed victims.
+
+11. The feelings of the sergeant's men can be better imagined than
+described, when they saw the base and cruel purpose of their enemies,
+who were now so near that they could scarcely be restrained from firing
+upon them. The plan, however, of the sergeant, was to have his men
+remain silent in their places of concealment, till the muskets of the
+savages were discharged, that their own fire might be effectual, and
+opposition less formidable.
+
+12. Their suspense was not of long duration. The Indians, in a body,
+cautiously approached till within a short distance: they then halted,
+took deliberate aim, discharged their pieces upon inanimate logs, gave a
+dreadful war-whoop, and instantly rushed forward, with tomahawk and
+scalping knife in hand, to dispatch the living, and obtain the scalps of
+the dead.
+
+13. As soon as they had collected in close order, more effectually to
+execute their horrid intentions, the sergeant's party discharged their
+pieces, not on logs of wood, but perfidious savages,--many of whom fell
+under the hot fire of the little band, and the rest precipitately fled.
+But for this ingenious scheme, it is probable that not one of these
+twelve men would have escaped the tomahawk of the savages.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What did the sergeant say to his men, after parting with
+the Indians? 2. What plan did the sergeant propose for their
+preservation? 3. Did the plan succeed? 4. Describe the closing scene.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XLIX.
+
+ VEN' ER A BLE, worthy of reverence.
+ IN VA' SION, irruption; inroad.
+ EX CIT' ED, roused; stirred up.
+ IRE, wrath; indignation.
+ VENGE' ANCE, retaliation.
+ RE LEAS' ED, set free; liberated.
+ TRO PHIES, memorials of victory.
+ BE REFT', deprived.
+ VULT' URE, rapacious bird.
+ TRAV' ERS ED, crossed over.
+ DE SCRIP' TION, representation.
+ MA TER' NAL, motherly.
+ FIL' IAL, becoming a child.
+ CON SAN GUIN' I TY, blood relationship.
+ IN TEL' LI GENCE, news; information.
+ I DEN' TI TY, sameness.
+ SUR VIV' ED, remained alive.
+ AS CER TAIN' ED, found out.
+ IN TER' PRET ER, explainer.
+ LIN' E A MENTS, features.
+
+
+FRANCES SLOCUM, THE YOUNG CAPTIVE.
+
+[Footnote: The great massacre at Wyoming was, perhaps, the most bloody
+and terrible chapter of the Revolution. A combined Indian and Tory force
+had flung itself upon the peaceful valley, and murdered or made captive
+nearly all its unoffending inhabitants; its old and its young,--men,
+women, and children alike,--were either indiscriminately butchered or
+made prisoners. Among the prisoners taken on that occasion, was an
+infant child by the name of Frances Slocum. The story is a very strange
+one; we copy it from Lossing's very excellent work, "The Field Book of
+the Revolution."]
+
+B.J. LOSSING.
+
+1. I passed the evening with the venerable Joseph Slocum, whose family
+was among the sufferers, in Wyoming Valley. He related to me all the
+particulars of the capture and final discovery of his sister Frances,
+and other incidents connected with the sufferings of his family.
+
+2. His father was a Quaker, and was distinguished for his kindness to
+the Indians. He remained unharmed at the time of the invasion, and,
+while the torch was applied to the dwellings of others, _his_ was left
+untouched. But his son Giles was in the battle. This, doubtless, excited
+the ire of the Indians, and they resolved on vengeance. 3. Late in the
+autumn, they were seen prowling about the house, which was situated
+about one hundred rods from the Wilkesbarre Fort. A neighbor, named
+Kingsley, had been made prisoner, and his wife and two sons had a
+welcome home in Mr. Slocum's family. One morning, the boys were grinding
+a knife near the house, when a rifle-shot and a shriek brought Mrs.
+Slocum to the door. An Indian was scalping the eldest boy, a lad of
+fifteen, with the knife he had been grinding.
+
+4. The savage then went into the house, and caught up a little son of
+Mrs. Slocum. "See!" exclaimed the frightened mother, "he can do thee no
+good; he is lame." The Indian released the boy, took up her little
+daughter Frances, aged five years, gently in his arms, and, seizing the
+younger Kingsley, hastened to the mountains.
+
+5. Two Indians who were with him, carried off a black girl, about
+seventeen years of age. Mr. Slocum's daughter caught up her brother
+Joseph, (my informant,) two and a half years old, and fled in safety to
+the fort, where an alarm was given; but the savages were beyond
+successful pursuit.
+
+6. About six weeks afterward, Mr. Slocum and his father-in-law Ira
+Tripp, were shot and scalped by some Indians while foddering cattle near
+the house. Again the savages escaped with their horrid trophies. Mrs.
+Slocum, bereft of father, husband, and child, and stripped of all
+possessions but the house that sheltered her, could not leave the
+valley, for nine helpless children were yet in her household.
+
+7. She trusted in the God of Elijah; and, if she was not fed by the
+ravens, she was spared by the vultures. She mourned not for the dead;
+for they were at rest: but little Frances, her lost darling, where was
+she? The lamp of hope kept on burning; but years rolled by, and no
+tidings of the little one came.
+
+8. When peace returned, and friendly intercourse with Canada was
+established, two of the little captive's brothers started in search of
+her. They traversed the wilderness to Niagara, offering rewards for her
+recovery; but all in vain. They returned to Wyoming, convinced that the
+child was dead. But the mother's heart was still the shrine of hope, and
+she felt assured that Frances was not in the grave.
+
+9. Her soul appeared to commune with that of her child, and she often
+said, "I know Frances is still living." At length, the mother's heart
+was cheered: a woman (for many years had now passed, and Frances, if
+living, must have arrived to womanhood) was found among the Indians,
+answering the description of the lost one. She only remembered being
+carried away from the Susquehanna.
+
+10. Mrs. Slocum took her home, and cherished her with a mother's
+tenderness. Yet the mysterious link of sympathy which binds the maternal
+spirit to its offspring, was unfelt, and the bereaved mother was
+bereaved still. "It may be Frances, but it does not seem so; yet the
+woman shall ever be welcome," said Mrs. Slocum. The foundling, also,
+felt no filial yearnings; and, both becoming convinced that no
+consanguinity existed, the orphan returned to her Indian friends.
+
+11. From time to time, the hope of the mother would be revived, and
+journeys were made to distant Indian settlements in search of the lost
+sister; but in vain. The mother went "down into the grave, mourning,"
+and little Frances was almost forgotten. Her brothers had become aged
+men, and their grandchildren were playing upon the very spot, whence she
+had been taken.
+
+12. In the summer of 1837, fifty-nine years after her capture,
+intelligence of Frances was received. Colonel Ewing, an Indian agent and
+trader, in a letter from Logansport, Indiana, to the editor of the
+_Lancaster Intelligencer_, gave such information, that all doubts
+respecting her identity were removed; and Joseph Slocum, with the sister
+who carried him to the fort, and yet survived, immediately journeyed to
+Ohio, where they were joined by their younger brother Isaac.
+
+13. They proceeded to Logansport, where they found Mr. Ewing, and
+ascertained that the woman spoken of by him, lived about twelve miles
+from the village. She was immediately sent for; and, toward evening the
+next day, she came into the town, riding a spirited young horse,
+accompanied by her two daughters, and the husband of one of them,--all
+dressed in full Indian costume.
+
+14. An interpreter was procured, (for she could not speak or understand
+English,) and she listened seriously to what her brothers had to say.
+She answered but little, and, at sunset, departed for her home,
+promising to return the next morning. The brother and sister were quite
+sure that it was indeed Frances, though in her face nothing but Indian
+lineaments were seen, her color alone revealing her origin.
+
+15. True to her appointment, she appeared the following morning,
+accompanied as before. Mr. Joseph Slocum then mentioned a mark of
+recognition, which, his mother had said, was a sure test. While playing,
+one day, with a hammer in a blacksmith's shop, Joseph, then a child two
+and a half years old, gave Frances a blow upon the middle finger of the
+left hand, which crushed the bone, and deprived the finger of its nail.
+
+16. This test Mr. Slocum had withheld until others should fail. When he
+mentioned it, the aged woman was greatly agitated; and, while tears
+filled the furrows of her face, she held out the wounded finger. There
+was no longer a doubt, and a scene of great interest ensued. Her
+affections for her kindred, that had slumbered half a century, were
+aroused, and she made earnest inquiries after her father, mother,
+brothers, and sisters. Her full heart--full with the cherished secrets
+of her history--was opened, and the story of her life freely given.
+
+17. She said the savages, who were Delawares, after taking her to a
+rocky cave in the mountains, departed to the Indian country. The first
+night was the unhappiest of her life. She was kindly treated,--being
+carried tenderly in their arms when she was weary. She was adopted in an
+Indian family, and brought up as their daughter. For years she lived a
+roving life, and loved it. She was taught the use of the bow and arrow,
+and became expert in all the employments of savage existence.
+
+18. When she was grown to womanhood, both her Indian parents died, and
+she soon afterward married a young chief of the nation, and removed to
+the Ohio country. She was treated with more respect than the Indian
+women generally; and so happy was she in her domestic relations, that
+the chance of being discovered, and compelled to return among the
+whites, was the greatest evil that she feared; for she had been taught
+that they were the implacable enemies of the Indians, whom she loved.
+
+19. Her husband died; and, her people having joined the Miamies, she
+went with them, and married one of that tribe. The last husband was also
+dead, and she had been a widow many years. Children and grandchildren
+were around her, and her life was passing pleasantly away. When she
+concluded the narrative, she lifted her right hand in a solemn manner,
+and said, "All this is as true as that there is a Great Spirit in the
+heavens!" she had entirely forgotten her native language, and was a
+pagan.
+
+20. On the day after the second interview, the brothers and sisters,
+with the interpreter, rode out to her dwelling. It was a well-built
+log-house, in the midst of cultivation. A large herd of cattle and sixty
+horses were grazing in the pasture. Everything betokened plenty and
+comfort; for she was wealthy, when her wants and her means were
+compared. Her annuity from government, which she received as one of the
+Miami tribe, had been saved, and she had about one thousand dollars in
+specie.
+
+21. Her white friends passed several days very agreeably with her; and
+subsequently her brother Joseph, with his daughter, the wife of the Hon.
+Mr. Bennet, of Wyoming, made her another visit, and bade her a last
+farewell. She died a few years ago, and was buried with considerable
+pomp; for she was regarded as a queen among her tribe.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Where is the Wyoming Valley? 2. Relate the incidents
+connected with the capture of little Frances. 3. What efforts were made
+to find her? 4. How many years after her capture before she was found?
+5. Where did they find her? 6. By what test did Mr. Slocum prove that
+she was his sister? 7. What history did she relate of herself? 8.
+Describe her home.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON L.
+
+ FRING' ING, bordering; edging.
+ LEDGE, layer; ridge.
+ DAI SY, (literally _day's eye_,) a little wild flower very
+ common in summer.
+ RI' OT OUS, noisy; reveling.
+ BOIS' TER OUS, tumultuous; violent.
+ CULL' ING, selecting; picking.
+ BOU QUETS', (_boo kas_,) bunches of flowers.
+ SULK' Y, morose.
+ BOTH' ER ING, perplexing.
+ UN WONT' ED, rare: uncommon.
+ TE' DI OUS, tiresome; wearisome.
+
+
+THE RAIN-DROPS.
+
+DELIA LOUISE COLTON.
+
+1. _The silver rain, the golden rain,_
+ _The tripping, dancing, laughing rain!_
+ Stringing its pearls on the green leaf's edge,
+ Fringing with gems the brown rock's ledge,
+ Spinning a vail for the water-fall,
+ And building an amber-colored wall
+ Across the West where the sun-beams fall:
+ _The gentle rain_, in the shady lane,
+ _The pattering, peering, winning rain!_
+
+2. _The noisy rain, the marching rain,_
+ _The rushing tread of the heavy rain!_
+ Pouring its rivers from out the blue,
+ Down on the grass where the daisies grew,
+ Darting in clouds of angry drops
+ Across the hills and the green tree-tops,
+ And kissing, at last, in its giant glee,
+ The foaming lips of the great green sea:
+ _The fierce, wild rain, the riotous rain,_
+ _The boisterous, dashing, shouting rain!_
+
+3. _The still night rain, the solemn rain!_
+ _The soldier-step of the midnight rain!_
+ With its measured beat on the roof o'erhead,
+ With its tidings sweet of the faithful dead,
+ Whispers from loves who are laid asleep
+ Under the sod where the myrtles creep,
+ Culling bouquets from the sun-lit past,
+ Of flowers too sweet, too fair to last:
+ _The faithful rain, the untiring rain,_
+ _The cooing, sobbing, weeping rain!_
+
+4. _The sulky rain, the spiteful rain,_
+ _The bothering, pilfering, thieving rain!_
+ Creeping so lazily over the sky,
+ A leaden mask o'er a bright blue eye,
+ And shutting in, with its damp, strong hands,
+ The rosy faces in curls, and bands
+ Of girls who think, with unwonted frown
+ Of the charming laces and things down-town,
+ That might as well for this tiresome rain,
+ Be in the rose land of Almahain:
+ _The horrid rain, the tedious rain,_
+ _The never-ending, dingy rain!_
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What is the meaning of the suffix _ing_, in such words as
+_tripping, dancing, laughing_, &c.? See SANDERS & McELLIGOTT'S ANALYSIS,
+page 153, Ex. 206. 2. What is the use of the hyphen in such words as
+_water-fall, amber-colored_, &c.? See SANDERS' NEW SPELLER, page l65.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LI.
+
+ LAV' ISH, liberal; profuse.
+ PER' FUMES, pleasant odors.
+ HAR MO' NI OUS, concordant.
+ RAPT' URE, extreme joyousness.
+ GERMS, seed-buds; beginnings.
+ PAR'TICLES, minute parts; atoms.
+ MOTES, very small particles.
+ VENT' URE, dare; have courage.
+ COL' UMNS, pillars.
+ DOME, arched roof; cupola.
+ TI' NY, very small.
+ ES' SENCE, perfume.
+
+
+"SMALL THINGS."
+
+F. BENNOCH.
+
+1. Who dares to scorn the meanest thing,
+ The humblest weed that grows,
+ While pleasure spreads its joyous wing
+ On every breeze that blows?
+ The simplest flower that, hidden, blooms
+ The lowest on the ground,
+ Is lavish of its rare perfumes,
+ And scatters sweetness round.
+
+2. The poorest friend upholds a part
+ Of life's harmonious plan;
+ The weakest hand may have the art
+ To serve the strongest man.
+ The bird that highest, clearest sings,
+ To greet the morning's birth,
+ Falls down to drink, with folded wings,
+ Love's rapture on the earth.
+
+3. From germs too small for mortal sight
+ Grow all things that are seen,
+ Their floating particles of light
+ Weave Nature's robe of green.
+ The motes that fill the sunny rays
+ Build ocean, earth, and sky,--
+ The wondrous orbs that round us blaze
+ Are motes to Deity!
+
+4. Life, love, devotion, closely twine,
+ Like tree, and flower, and fruit;
+ They ripen by a power divine,
+ Though fed by leaf and root.
+ And he who would be truly great,
+ Must venture to be small;
+ On airy columns rests the dome
+ That, shining, circles all.
+
+5. Small duties grow to mighty deeds;
+ Small words to thoughts of power;
+ Great forests spring from tiny seeds,
+ As moments make the hour.
+ And life, howe'er it lowly grows,
+ The essence to it given,
+ Like odor from the breathing rose,
+ Floats evermore to Heaven.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LII.
+
+ EX TINCT', extinguished.
+ IN COR' PO RA TED, united.
+ TAC' IT, silent; implied.
+ SUB SIST' ED, existed.
+ HOS PI TAL' I TY, kind treatment.
+ IN POR' TU NATE, urgent; pressing.
+ EN CROACH' MENT, intrusion.
+ IR' RI TA TED, provoked; exasperated.
+ MAS' SA CRE, (_mas' sa ker_,) slaughter.
+ GRAV' I TY, seriousness.
+ DE LIB' ER ATE, take council.
+ TREA' SON, treachery; disloyalty.
+ AP PRIS' ING, informing.
+ BE TRAY', expose.
+ IN VIN CI BLE, unconquerable.
+ WAX' ED, became, grew.
+ BE SOUGHT', entreated; implored.
+ SUF FICE, (_c like z_,) prove sufficient.
+
+
+MURDERER'S CREEK.
+
+[Footnote: In Orange County, New York.]
+
+JAMES K. PAULDING.
+
+1. Little more than a century ago, the beautiful region watered by this
+stream, was possessed by a small tribe of Indians, which has long since
+become extinct, or incorporated with some other savage nation of the
+West. Three or four hundred yards from where the stream discharges
+itself into the Hudson, a white family, of the name of Stacy, had
+established itself in a log-house, by tacit permission of the tribe, to
+whom Stacy had made himself useful by his skill in a variety of little
+arts, highly estimated by the savages.
+
+2. In particular, a friendship subsisted between him and an old Indian,
+called Naoman, who often came to his house, and partook of his
+hospitality. _The Indians never forgive injuries, nor forget benefits_.
+The family consisted of Stacy, his wife, and two children, a boy and a
+girl, the former five, the latter three years old.
+
+3. One day, Naoman came to Stacy's log-hut, in his absence, lighted his
+pipe, and sat down. He looked very serious, sometimes sighed deeply, but
+said not a word. Stacy's wife asked him what was the matter,--if he was
+sick. He shook his head, sighed, but said nothing, and soon went away.
+The next day, he came again and behaved in the same manner. Stacy's wife
+began to think strange of this, and related it to her husband, who
+advised her to urge the old man to an explanation the next time he came.
+
+4. Accordingly, when he repeated his visit the day after, she was more
+importunate than usual. At last, the old Indian said. "I am a red man,
+and the pale faces are our enemies: why should I speak?"--"But my
+husband and I are your friends: you have eaten salt with us a thousand
+times, and my children have sat on your knees as often. If you have
+anything on your mind, tell it me."--"It will cost me my life if it is
+known, and the white-faced women are not good at keeping secrets,"
+replied Naoman.
+
+5. "Try me, and see."--"Will you swear by your Great Spirit that you
+will tell none but your husband?"--"I have none else to tell."--"But
+will you swear?"--"I do swear by our Great Spirit, I will tell none but
+my husband."--"Not if my tribe should _kill you_ for not telling?"--"Not
+if your tribe should kill me for not telling."
+
+6. Naoman then proceeded to tell her that, owing to some encroachments
+of the white people below the mountains, his tribe had become irritated,
+and were resolved that night to massacre all the white settlers within
+their reach; that she must send for her husband, inform him of the
+danger, and, as secretly and speedily as possible, take their canoe and
+paddle, with all haste, over the river to Fishkill for safety. "Be
+quick, and do nothing that may excite suspicion," said Naoman, as he
+departed.
+
+7. The good wife sought her husband, who was down on the river fishing,
+told him the story, and, as no time was to be lost, they proceeded to
+their boat, which was unluckily filled with water. It took some time to
+clear it out, and, meanwhile, Stacy recollected his gun, which had been
+left behind. He proceeded to the house, and returned with it. All this
+took up considerable time, and precious time it proved to this poor
+family.
+
+8. The daily visits of old Naoman, and his more than ordinary gravity,
+had excited suspicion in some of the tribe, who had, accordingly, paid
+particular attention to the movements of Stacy. One of the young
+Indians, who had been kept on the watch, seeing the whole family about
+to take to the boat, ran to the little Indian village, about a mile off,
+and gave the alarm. Five Indians collected, ran down to the river, where
+their canoes were moored, jumped in, and paddled after Stacy, who, by
+this time, had got some distance out into the stream.
+
+9. They gained on him so fast, that twice he dropped his paddle, and
+took up his gun. But his wife prevented his shooting by telling him
+that, if he fired, and they were afterwards overtaken, they would meet
+with no mercy from the Indians. He accordingly refrained, and plied his
+paddle till the sweat rolled in big drops down his forehead. All would
+not do; they were overtaken within a hundred yards from the shore, and
+carried back with shouts of yelling triumph.
+
+10. When they got ashore, the Indians set fire to Stacy's house, and
+dragged himself, his wife, and children, to their village. Here the
+principal old men, and Naoman among them, assembled to deliberate on the
+affair. The chief men of the council stated that some of the tribe had,
+undoubtedly, been guilty of treason, in apprising Stacy, the white man,
+of the designs of the tribe, whereby they took the alarm, and well-nigh
+escaped.
+
+11. He proposed to examine the prisoners, to learn who gave the
+information. The old men assented to this, and Naoman among the rest.
+Stacy was first interrogated by one of the old men, who spoke English
+and interpreted to the others. Stacy refused to betray his informant.
+His wife was then questioned; while, at the same moment, two Indians
+stood threatening the two children, with tomahawks, in case she did not
+confess.
+
+12. She attempted to evade the truth, by declaring she had a dream the
+night before, which alarmed her, and that she had persuaded her husband
+to fly. "The Great Spirit never deigns to talk in dreams to a white
+face," said the old Indian. "Woman, thou hast two tongues, and two
+faces. Speak the truth, or thy children shall surely die." The little
+boy and girl were then brought close to her, and the two savages stood
+over them, ready to execute their bloody orders.
+
+13. "Wilt thou name," said the old Indian, "the red man who betrayed his
+tribe? I will ask thee three times." The mother answered not. "Wilt thou
+name the traitor? This is the second time." The poor mother looked at
+her husband, and then at her children, and stole a glance at Naoman, who
+sat smoking his pipe with invincible gravity.
+
+14. She wrung her hands, and wept; but remained silent. "Wilt thou name
+the traitor? 'Tis the third and last time." The agony of the mother
+waxed more bitter; again she sought the eye of Naoman; but it was cold
+and motionless. A pause of a moment awaited her reply, and the tomahawks
+were raised over the heads of the children, who besought their mother
+not to let them be murdered.
+
+15. "Stop!" cried Naoman. All eyes were turned upon him. "Stop!"
+repeated he, in a tone of authority. "White woman, thou hast kept thy
+word with me to the last moment. _I am the traitor_. I have eaten of the
+salt, warmed myself at the fire, shared the kindness, of these Christian
+white people, and it was _I_ that told them of their danger. I am a
+withered, leafless, branchless trunk. Cut me down, if you will: I am
+ready."
+
+16. A yell of indignation sounded on all sides. Naoman descended from
+the little bank where he sat, shrouded his face with his mantle of
+skins, and submitted to his fate. He fell dead at the feet of the white
+woman by a blow of the tomahawk.
+
+17. But the sacrifice of Naoman, and the firmness of the Christian white
+woman, did not suffice to save the lives of the other victims. They
+perished,--how, it is needless to say; and the memory of their fate has
+been preserved in the name of the pleasant stream, on whose banks they
+lived and died, which, to this day, is called MURDERER'S CREEK.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Where is Murderer's Creek? 2. What is said of Naoman and
+Stacy's family? 3. Why did Naoman, at first, refuse to tell Mrs. Stacy
+of her danger? 4. Did Stacy's family make their escape? 5. Where were
+they taken? 6. Did Mrs. Stacy tell who had informed her? 7. What
+measures did the Indians adopt, to make her tell? What did Naoman say?
+9. What did the Indians do with Naoman and Stacy's family?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LIII.
+
+ PER' IL OUS, hazardous; dangerous.
+ DE FILES', narrow passages.
+ PREC' I PIC ES, steep descents.
+ SOL'I TUDE, lonely places.
+ AM MU NI' TION, military stores, as powder, balls, &c.
+ DRA GOONS, mounted soldiers.
+ SUM' MIT, top; highest point.
+ AV A LANCHE', snow-slip.
+ CROUCH' ED, cringed.
+ AD VANCE', forward; proceed.
+ BE NUMB' ED, deprived of feeling.
+ EX PLOITS', heroic deeds.
+ IL LUS' TRATES, explains; makes clear.
+ HE RO'IC, brave; fearless.
+ UN FLINCH'ING, determined; resolute.
+
+ BAY' O NET, a short, pointed instrument of iron, or broad dagger,
+ fitted to the barrel of a gun. It is so called, because the first
+ bayonets were made at Bayonne, in France.
+
+
+NAPOLEON'S ARMY CROSSING THE ALPS.
+
+1. When Napoleon was carrying war into Italy, he ordered one of his
+officers, Marshal Macdonald, to cross the Splugen with fifteen thousand
+soldiers, and join him on the plains below. The Splugen is one of the
+four great roads which cross the Alps from Switzerland to Italy.
+
+2. When Macdonald received the order, it was about the last of November,
+and the winter storms were raging among the mountain passes. It was a
+perilous undertaking, yet he must obey; and the men began their terrible
+march through narrow defiles and overhanging precipices, six thousand
+feet up, up among the gloomy solitudes of the Alps.
+
+3. The cannon were placed on sleds drawn by oxen, and the ammunition was
+packed on mules. First came the guides, sticking their long poles in the
+snow, in order to find the path; then came workmen to clear away the
+drifts; then the dragoons, mounted on their most powerful horses, to
+beat down the track; after which followed the main body of the army.
+
+4. They encountered severe storms and piercing cold. When half-way up
+the summit, a rumbling noise was heard among the cliffs. The guides
+looked at each other in alarm; for they knew well what it meant. It grew
+louder and louder. "_An avalanche! an avalanche!_" they shrieked, and
+the next moment a field of ice and snow came leaping down the mountain,
+striking the line of march, and sweeping thirty dragoons in a wild
+plunge below. The black forms of the horses and their riders were seen
+for an instant struggling for life, and then they disappeared forever.
+
+5. The sight struck the soldiers with horror; they crouched and shivered
+in the blast. Their enemy was not now flesh and blood, but wild winter
+storms; swords and bayonets could not defend them from the desolating
+avalanche. Flight or retreat was hopeless; for all around lay the
+drifted snow, like a vast winding-sheet. On they must go, or death was
+certain, and the brave men struggled forward.
+
+6. "Soldiers!" exclaimed their commander, "you are called to Italy; your
+general needs you. Advance and conquer, first the mountain and the snow,
+then the plains and the enemy!" Blinded by the winds, benumbed with the
+cold, and far beyond the reach of aid, Macdonald and his men pressed on.
+Sometimes a whole company of soldiers were suddenly swept away by an
+avalanche.
+
+7. On one occasion, a poor drummer, crawling out from the mass of snow,
+which had torn him from his comrades, began to beat his drum for relief.
+The muffled sound came up from his gloomy resting-place, and was heard
+by his brother soldiers; but none could go to his rescue. For an hour,
+he beat rapidly, then the strokes grew fainter, until they were heard no
+more, and the poor drummer laid himself down to die. Two weeks were
+occupied in this perilous march, and two hundred men perished in the
+undertaking.
+
+8. This passage of the Splugen is one of the bravest exploits in the
+history of Napoleon's generals, and illustrates the truth of the
+proverb, "_Where there is a will there is a way_." No one can read the
+heroic deeds of brave men grappling with danger and death, without a
+feeling of respect and admiration; but heroic deeds are always the fruit
+of _toil_ and _self-sacrifice_. _No one can accomplish great things,
+unless he aims at great things, and pursues that aim with unflinching
+courage and perseverance._
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What orders had Napoleon given to Marshal Macdonald? 2.
+What time of year was it? 3. Describe the march of the army over the
+Alps. 4. What disaster occurred to them? 5. How did their commander
+address the army? 6 Describe the drummer boy's fate. 7. How many men
+perished? 8. What does this exploit of the army illustrate? 9. What is
+said of heroic deeds?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LIV.
+
+ PROV' ERBS, sayings; maxims.
+ TRAC' ED, shown; marked out.
+ WOO ERS, suitors; lovers.
+ DENSE, close; thick.
+ STRIV' ING, making efforts.
+ CON TROL', restraint; government.
+ COPE, strive; contend.
+ DE FY' ING, daring; outbraving.
+ GHOST, specter; apparition.
+ RE LY' ING, trusting; depending.
+ WIN' NING, getting; gaining.
+ BRAM' BLES, prickly shrubs.
+
+
+WHERE THERE'S A WILL THERE'S A WAY.
+
+ELIZA COOK.
+
+1. We have faith in old proverbs full surely,
+ For wisdom has traced what they tell,
+ And truth may be drawn up as purely
+ From them, as it may from a "well."
+ Let us question the thinkers and doers,
+ And hear what they honestly say,
+ And you'll find they believe, like bold wooers,
+ In "_Where there's a WILL there's a WAY._"
+
+2. The hills have been high for man's mounting,
+ The woods have been dense for his ax,
+ The stars have been thick for his counting,
+ The sands have been wide for his tracks.
+ The sea has been deep for his diving,
+ The poles have been broad for his sway,
+ But bravely he's proved by his striving,
+ That "_Where there's a WILL there's a WAY._"
+
+3. Have ye vices that ask a destroyer,
+ Or passions that need your control?
+ Let Reason become your employer,
+ And your body be ruled by your soul.
+ Fight on, though ye bleed at the trial,
+ Resist with all strength that ye may,
+ Ye may conquer Sin's host by denial,
+ For, "_Where there's a WILL there's a WAY._"
+
+4. Have ye poverty's pinching to cope with'?
+ Does suffering weigh down your might'?
+ Only call up a spirit to hope with,
+ And dawn may come out of the night.
+ Oh! much may be done by defying
+ The ghost of Despair and Dismay,
+ And much may be gained by relying
+ On "_Where there's a WILL there's a WAY._"
+
+5. Should ye see afar off that worth winning,
+ Set out on a journey with trust,
+ And ne'er heed though your path at beginning
+ Should be among brambles and dust.
+ Though it is by footsteps ye do it,
+ And hardships may hinder and stay,
+ Keep a heart and be sure ye go through it,
+ For, "_Where there's a WILL there's a WAY._"
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What is the meaning of this proverb, "_Where there's a
+WILL there's a WAY?_" 2. What instances can you mention in which its
+truth has been realized? 3. Do you apply this proverb in getting your
+lessons?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LV.
+
+ TAL' IS MAN, charm; amulet.
+ VAN, front or head of an army.
+ FI' ER Y, ardent; passionate.
+ PLUMES, supplies with feathers.
+ TENSE' LY, tightly.
+ SWERVES, deviates.
+ DAUNT, frighten; terrify.
+ BAN' ISH, expel; drive away.
+
+ TEL EGRAPH,(TELE,_far off_; GRAPH, _writing or marking_,) a machine
+ to convey news far off. See SANDERS' NEW SPELLER, p. 161, Ex. 419.
+
+
+"I CAN!"
+
+1. "I CAN!" oh yes,--we _know_ you can!
+ We read it in your eye;
+ There is a mystic talisman
+ Flashing all gloriously!
+ Speak it out boldly, let it ring,
+ There is a volume there,
+ There's meaning in the eagle's wing
+ _Then soar, and do, and dare!_
+
+2. "I CAN!" climbs to the mountain top,
+ And plows the billowy main;
+ He lifts the hammer in the shop,
+ And drives the saw and plane;
+ He's fearless in the battle shock,
+ And always leads the van
+ Of young America's brave sons,--
+ They never quailed nor ran.
+
+3. "I CAN!" He is a fiery youth,
+ And WILL a brother twin,
+ And, arm in arm, in love and truth.
+ They'll either die or win.
+ Shoulder to shoulder, ever ready,
+ All firm and fearless still
+ These brothers labor,--true and steady,--
+ "I CAN," and brave "I WILL."
+
+4. "I CAN," e'en on his pleasure trips,
+ Travels by telegraph;
+ He plumes the snowy wing of ships,
+ And never works by half;
+ His music is the humming loom,
+ And shuttles are his dancers.,
+ Then clear the way, and quick give room
+ For the noble-souled "I CAN," sirs!
+
+5. "I CAN!" Indeed, we _know_ you can!
+ 'Tis lithe in every limb,
+ To your blood 'tis a busy fan,
+ How can the flame burn dim?
+ It tensely draws your sturdy nerves,--
+ No bow's without a string,
+ And when nor bow nor bow-string swerves,
+ An arrow's on the wing.
+
+6. There is a magic in the power
+ Of an unbending _will_,
+ That makes us stronger every hour,
+ For greater efforts still.
+ Then banish from you every CAN'T,
+ And show yourself a MAN,
+ And nothing will your purpose daunt,
+ Led by the brave "I CAN!"
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What does "_I can_" do? 2. Who is called his twin
+brother? 3. What is said of an unbending will?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LVI.
+
+ CAS' ED, invested.
+ ARM' OR, defensive arms.
+ STORM' ING, taking by assault.
+ AIR' Y, fanciful; visionary.
+ FOR' TRESS, fort; strong-hold.
+ DE TAIN', hinder; keep back.
+ WEAP' ONS, instruments for defense, or offense.
+ UN WOR' THY, undeserving.
+ RE GRET', sorrow for the past.
+ PHAN' TOM, specter; ghost-like.
+ SCARCE' LY, hardly.
+
+
+NOW, TO-DAY.
+
+ADELAIDE A. PROCTER.
+
+ 1. ARISE`! for the day is passing,
+ And you lie dreaming on;
+ Your brothers are cased in armor,
+ And forth to the fight are gone!
+ A place in the ranks awaits you;
+ Each man has some part to play;
+ The Past and the Future are nothing
+ In the face of stern TO-DAY.
+
+ 2. ARISE from your dreams of the Future,--
+ Of gaining some hard-fought field,
+ Of storming some airy fortress,
+ Or bidding some giant yield;
+ Your Future has deeds of glory,
+ Of honor, (God grant it may!)
+ But your arm will never be stronger,
+ Or needed as _now_,--TO-DAY.
+
+ 3. ARISE`! if the Past detain you,
+ Her sunshine and storms forget;
+ No chains so unworthy to hold you
+ As those of a vain regret;
+ Sad or bright, she is lifeless ever;
+ Cast her phantom arms away,
+ Nor look back, save to learn the lesson
+ Of a nobler strife TO-DAY.
+
+ 4. ARISE`! for the day is passing;
+ The sound that you scarcely hear,
+ Is the enemy marching to battle!
+(f.) _Rise_`! RISE`! for the foe is near!
+ Stay not to sharpen your weapons,
+ Or the hour will strike at last,
+ When, from dreams of a coming battle,
+ You may wake to find it past!
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What reasons are assigned why we should arouse to effort
+_now, to-day?_ 2. What rule for the falling inflection on _arise?_ See
+Rule VIII., page 33. 3. How, according to the notation mark, should the
+last verse be read?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LVII.
+
+ REV O LU' TION, change of government.
+ FAN' CI ED, thought; imagined,
+ UN GEN' ER OUS, mean; ignoble.
+ AC KNOWL' EDG ED, owned.
+ PLOT' TING, planning; contriving.
+ DE SIGN', purpose; intention.
+ COR RE SPOND' ENCE, intercourse by letters.
+ CON' QUEST, victory.
+ IN' TER VIEW, meeting; conference.
+ SOL' I TA RY, lonely; retired.
+ CON GRAT' U LA TING, rejoicing with.
+ IS' SU ED, started up; come forth.
+ SUS PECT' ING, mistrusting.
+ DE TECT' ED, exposed; found out.
+ A' MI A BLE, lovely; agreeable.
+ FEL' ON, criminal.
+ CON' SE QUENCE, (CON, _with_; SEQUENCE, _a following_,) a following
+ with, as an effect, or result.
+ IM PRESS' IVE, (IM, _in_; PRESS, _to bear upon_; IVE, _tending to_,)
+ tending to press in, or upon; producing an effect.
+ IN VOLV' ED, (IN, _in_; VOLVED, _rolled_,) rolled in; enveloped.
+
+
+THE CAPTURE OF MAJOR ANDRE.
+
+1. One of the saddest events in the history of the American Revolution
+is the _treason of Arnold_, and, in consequence of it, _the death of
+Major Andre_. Arnold was an officer in the American army, who, though
+brave, had a proud and impatient spirit.
+
+2. He fancied he had not all the honor and the pay due for his services,
+and, having plunged himself into debt by his expensive style of living,
+these things soured his heart; and, as is the case with ungenerous
+minds, he never acknowledged a fault, or forgave an injury. More than
+this, he sought revenge against his countrymen by plotting _treason
+against his country_.
+
+3. Soon after forming this bad design, he opened a secret correspondence
+with the English General, Henry Clinton, and, at the same time, asked
+General Washington to give him the command of West Point, an important
+post on the Hudson river. Washington let him have it, and this he
+determined to betray into the hands of the enemy, provided he could make
+out of it a good bargain for himself.
+
+4. He wrote to General Clinton what he would do, and asked to have a
+secret interview with some English officer, in order to agree upon the
+terms. General Clinton was delighted; for he thought an army divided
+against itself, must prove an easy conquest; and he asked Major Andre, a
+gallant young officer, to meet Arnold, and settle the price of his
+treason.
+
+5. Andre did not wish to engage in such business; but he obeyed, and
+went up the Hudson in an English sloop-of-war for this purpose. Arnold
+agreed to meet him at a certain spot, and when night came on, sent a
+little boat to bring him ashore. He landed at the foot of a mountain
+called the Long Clove, on the western side of the river, a few miles
+from Haverstraw, where he found the traitor hid in a clump of bushes.
+
+6. Little did poor Andre foresee the fatal consequences of this step.
+All that still star-light night they sat and talked; daylight came, and
+the business was not concluded. Arnold dismissed the boatmen, and led
+his companion to a solitary farm-house on the river's bank, where the
+papers were finally drawn up, and hid in one of Andre's stockings. Andre
+felt how exposed he was to danger in the enemy's country, and heartily
+wished himself back to the sloop.
+
+7. Forced now, however, to go by land, Arnold gave him a pass to go
+through the American lines; and, at sunset, he set off, on horseback,
+with a guide. They crossed the river, and, getting along on their
+dangerous journey with but few alarms, the guide left the next morning,
+and Andre rode briskly on, congratulating himself upon leaving all
+dangers behind, for he was rapidly nearing the English lines, when there
+was a loud shout, "_Stand!_ HALT!" and three men [Footnote: Paulding,
+Williams, and Van Wart.] issued from the woods, one seizing the bridle,
+and the others presenting their guns.
+
+8. Andre told them he had a pass to White Plains, on urgent business
+from General Arnold, and begged them not to detain him; but the men,
+suspecting that all was not right, began to search him; and, hauling off
+his boots, they discovered his papers in his stockings.
+
+9. Finding himself detected, he offered them any sum of money, if they
+would let him go. "No;" answered the sturdy men, "not if you would give
+us ten thousand guineas;" for, though poor, they were above selling
+their country at any price. Andre was sent a prisoner to General
+Washington's camp. Arnold, on learning the news of his capture,
+immediately fled from West Point, and made his escape to the English
+sloop.
+
+10. According to the rules of war, poor Andre was sentenced to the death
+of a spy. Great efforts were made to save him. General Clinton offered a
+large sum to redeem him. So young, so amiable, so gallant, and to meet a
+felon's doom! but, in ten days he was hung.
+
+11. Arnold lived; but, with the thirty thousand dollars--the price of
+his treachery--he lived a miserable man, despised even by those who
+bought him. And one impressive lesson which the story teaches, is, that
+_the consequences of guilt do not fall alone on the guilty man;_ others
+are often involved in distress, disgrace, and ruin.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What is one of the saddest events in the history of the
+American Revolution? 2. Who was Arnold? 3. What reason is assigned why
+he plotted treason against his country? 4. What measures did he adopt to
+do this? 5. With whom, and where did he make the agreement? 6. By whom
+was Andre detected? 7. What became of Andre and Arnold?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LVIII.
+
+ SE CUR' ED, obtained.
+ HES' I TA TED, paused.
+ MIS' ER A BLE, wretched.
+ SUP' PLI ANT, petitioner; beggar.
+ PECUL' IAR, singular; remarkable.
+ IN DIC' A TIVE, showing; intimating.
+ SO LIC' IT ED, asked; requested.
+ COS TUME', mode of dress.
+ VIG' OR OUS, stout; strong.
+ SYN' O NYM, a word meaning the same as some other word.
+ IN' FA MY, utter disgrace.
+
+[Headnote 1: TAL' LEY RAND, a distinguished French statesman, was born
+Feb. 13th, 1754. He died May 20th, 1838.]
+
+
+BENEDICT ARNOLD.
+
+1. There was a day when Talleyrand [Headnote 1] arrived in Havre, direct
+from Paris. It was the darkest hour of the French Revolution. Pursued by
+the blood-hounds of the Reign of Terror, stripped of every wreck of
+property or power, Talleyrand secured a passage to America, in a ship
+about to sail. He was a beggar and a wanderer in a strange land, to earn
+his bread by daily labor.
+
+2. "Is there an American staying at your house?" he asked the landlord
+of the hotel. "I am bound to cross the water, and should like a letter
+to a person of influence in the New World." The landlord hesitated a
+moment, then replied: "There is a gentleman up-stairs, either from
+America or Britain; but whether an American or an Englishman, I can not
+tell."
+
+3. He pointed the way, and Talleyrand, who, in his life, was Bishop,
+Prince, and Prime Minister, ascended the stairs. A miserable suppliant,
+he stood before the stranger's door, knocked, and entered. In the far
+corner of the dimly-lighted room, sat a man of some fifty years, his
+arms folded, and his head bowed on his breast. From a window directly
+opposite, a faint light rested on his forehead.
+
+4. His eyes looked from beneath the downcast brows, and gazed on
+Talleyrand's face with a peculiar and searching expression. His face was
+striking in outline,--the mouth and chin indicative of an iron will. His
+form, vigorous, even with the snows of fifty winters, was clad in a
+dark, but rich and distinguished costume.
+
+5. Talleyrand advanced, stated that he was a fugitive; and, under the
+impression that the gentleman before him was an American, he solicited
+his kind and generous offices. He related his history in eloquent French
+and broken English.
+
+6. "I am a wanderer, and an exile. I am forced to flee to the New World,
+without a friend or home. You are an American! Give me, then, I beseech
+you, a letter of yours, so that I may be able to earn my bread. I am
+willing to toil in any manner; the scenes of Paris have seized me with
+such horror, that a life of labor would be a paradise to a career of
+luxury in France. You will give me a letter to one of your friends? A
+gentleman like yourself has, doubtless, many friends."
+
+7. The strange gentleman rose. With a look that Talleyrand never forgot,
+he retreated to the door of the next chamber,--his eyes looking still
+from beneath his darkened brow. He spoke as he retreated backward,--his
+voice was full of meaning. "I am the only man born in the New World, who
+can raise his hand to God and say, I have not a friend, not one, in all
+America!" Talleyrand never forgot the overwhelming sadness of that look
+which accompanied these words.
+
+8. "Who are you?" he cried, as the strange man retreated to the next
+room: "your name?" "My name," he replied, with a smile that had more of
+mockery than joy in its convulsive expression,--"my name is Benedict
+Arnold!" He was gone: Talleyrand sank into his chair, gasping the words,
+"ARNOLD, THE TRAITOR!"
+
+9. Thus, you see, he wandered over the earth another Cain, with the
+wanderer's mark upon his brow. Even in that secluded room, in that inn
+at Havre, his crimes found him out, and forced him to tell his name:
+that name the synonym of infamy. The last twenty years of his life are
+covered with a cloud, from whose darkness but a few gleams of light
+flash out upon the page of history.
+
+10. The manner of his death is not exactly known; but we can not doubt
+that he died utterly friendless,--that remorse pursued him to the grave,
+whispering "John Andre" in his ear,--and that the memory of his course
+of infamy gnawed like a canker at his heart, murmuring forever, "True to
+your country, what might you have been, O ARNOLD, THE TRAITOR!"
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Who was Talleyrand? 2. Why was he obliged to flee from
+Paris? 3. Whom did he seek at Havre? 4. Why did he wish to see the
+stranger? 5. Describe the appearance of this stranger. 6. What did he
+say to Talleyrand? 7. Who did the stranger prove to be? 8. What is said
+of Arnold? 9. Where is Havre? 10. Where is Paris? 11. What is meant by
+_New World_?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LIX.
+
+ LO CO MO' TIVE, steam-engine to propel rail-cars.
+ COL LIS' ION, (_s_ like _zh_,) shock; violent contact.
+ EN GIN EER', one who manages an engine.
+ PRE CIP' I TA TED, thrown headlong.
+ RE-EN FORCE' MENTS, additional forces.
+ OB' STI NATE, unyielding.
+ CORPS, (_kore_,) body of troops.
+ BANK' RUPT CY, insolvency.
+ E NOR' MOUS, immense; very large.
+ AS' SETS, amounts due.
+ RE MIT' TANCE, money remitted.
+ PRE SERV' ED, secured; saved.
+ MA TU' RI TY, time of payment.
+ RE PRIEVE', respite.
+ IN SOLV' ENT, one unable to pay his debts.
+ PROV O CA' TION, incitement to anger.
+ IG NO MIN' I OUS, disgraceful.
+ SAC RI FIC' ED, (_c_ like _z_,) thrown away.
+
+
+BEHIND TIME.
+
+FREEMAN HUNT.
+
+1. A railroad train was rushing along at almost lightning speed. A curve
+was just ahead, beyond which was a station, at which the cars usually
+passed each other. The conductor was late,--so late that the period
+during which the down train was to wait, had nearly elapsed: but he
+hoped yet to pass the curve safely. Suddenly, a locomotive dashed into
+sight right ahead. In an instant, there was a collision. A shriek, a
+shock, and fifty souls were in eternity; and all because an engineer had
+been _behind time_.
+
+2. A great battle was going on. Column after column had been
+precipitated for eight mortal hours on the enemy posted along the ridge
+of a hill. The summer sun was sinking to the west; re-enforcements for
+the obstinate defenders were already in sight; it was necessary to carry
+the position with one final charge, or every thing would be lost. A
+powerful corps had been summoned from across the country, and, if it
+came up in season, all would yet be right. The great conqueror,
+confident in its arrival, formed his reserve into an attacking column,
+and led them down the hill. The whole world knows the result. Grouchy
+[Footnote: Pronounced _Groo' shee_.] failed to appear; the imperial
+guard was beaten back; Waterloo was lost. Napoleon died a prisoner at
+St. Helena, because one of his marshals was _behind time_.
+
+3. A leading firm, in commercial circles had long struggled against
+bankruptcy. As it had enormous assets in California, it expected
+remittances by a certain day; and if the sums promised arrived, its
+credit, its honor, and its future prosperity would be preserved. But
+week after week elapsed without bringing the gold. At last, came the
+fatal day on which the firm had bills maturing to enormous amounts. The
+steamer was telegraphed at daybreak; but it was found on inquiry that
+she brought no funds; and the house failed. The next arrival brought
+nearly half a million to the insolvents, but it was too late; they were
+ruined, because their agent, in remitting, had been _behind time_.
+
+4. A condemned man was led out for execution, he had taken human life,
+but under circumstances of the greatest provocation, and public sympathy
+was active in his behalf. Thousands had signed petitions for a reprieve,
+a favorable answer had been expected the night before, and, though it
+had not come, even the sheriff felt confident that it would yet arrive
+in season. Thus the morning passed without the appearance of the
+messenger. The last moment was up. The prisoner took his place on the
+drop, the cap was drawn over his eyes, the bolt was drawn, and a
+lifeless body hung suspended in the air. Just at that moment a horseman
+came into sight, galloping down the hill, his steed covered with foam.
+He carried a packet in his right hand, which he waved to the crowd. He
+was the express rider with the reprieve. But he had come too late. A
+comparatively innocent man had died an ignominious death, because a
+watch had been five minutes too slow, making its bearer arrive _behind
+time_.
+
+5. It is continually so in life. The best laid plans, the most important
+affairs, the fortunes of individuals, the wealth of nations, honor,
+happiness, life itself, are daily sacrificed because somebody is "behind
+time." There are men who always fail in whatever they undertake, simply
+because they are "behind time." Five minutes in a crisis are worth
+years. It is but a little period, yet it has often saved a fortune, or
+redeemed a people. If there is one virtue that should be cultivated more
+than another by him who would succeed in life, it is _punctuality_; if
+there is one error that should be avoided, it is being _behind time_.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What sad results are mentioned, in consequence of being
+_behind time?_ 2. What virtue should be cultivated, and what error
+avoided? 3. What is the use of the hyphen in the word _re-enforcements?_
+See SANDERS' NEW SPELLER, page 165.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LX.
+
+ TWIN' ED, interwoven.
+ GAR' LAND, wreath of flowers.
+ MUS' ED, thought; meditated.
+ AN TIQUE', (_an teek'_,) ancient.
+ MOLD, shape; form.
+ RARE, scarce; seldom seen.
+ SOOTH ED, calmed; quieted.
+ THROB' BED, beat; palpitated.
+ CO' ZY, snug; comfortable.
+ EBB' ED, flowed back.
+ JOUR' NEY, travel.
+ LONG' ING, earnestly desiring.
+ TIE, bond of affection.
+ RIV' EN, torn asunder.
+
+
+"HOW HAPPY I'LL BE."
+
+1. A little girl sat amid the flowers,
+ In the blush and bloom of childhood's hours;
+ She twined the buds in a garland fair,
+ And bound them up in her shining hair:
+ "Ah, me!" said she, "_how happy I'll be_,
+ When ten years more have gone over me,
+ And I am a maiden with youth's bright glow
+ Flushing my cheek, and lighting my brow!"
+
+2. A maiden mused in a pleasant room,
+ Where the air was filled with a soft perfume;
+ Vases were near of antique mold,
+ And beautiful pictures, rare and old;
+ And she, amid all the beauty there,
+ Was by far the loveliest and most fair.
+ "Ah, me!" said she, "_how happy I'll be_,
+ When my heart's own choice comes back to me,
+ When I proudly stand by my dear one's side,
+ With the thrilling joy of a youthful bride!"
+
+3. A mother bent o'er the cradle nest
+ Where she soothed her babe to his smiling rest;
+ She watched the sleep of her cherub-boy,
+ And her spirit throbbed with exulting joy.
+ "Ah, me!" said she, "_how happy I'll be_,
+ When he reaches manhood, proud and free,
+ And the world bows down, in its rapture wild,
+ It the earnest words of my darling child!"
+
+4. An aged one sat by the cozy hearth,
+ Counting life's sands as they ebbed from earth;
+ Feeble and frail; the race she run
+ Had borne her along to the setting sun.
+ "Ah, me!" said she, "_how happy I'll be_,
+ When from time's long fever my soul is free,
+ When the world fades out with its weary strife,
+ And I soar away to a better life!"
+
+5. 'Tis thus we journey from youth to age,
+ Longing to turn to another page,
+ Striving to hasten the years away,
+ Lighting our hearts with the future's ray,
+ Hoping on earth till its visions fade,
+ Wishing and waiting, through sun and shade,
+ But turning, when earth's last tie is riven,
+ To the beautiful rest of a fadeless Heaven.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. When did the little girl think she would be happy? 2.
+What did she say when she became old? 3. What are we constantly
+expecting from youth to age? 4. What is the meaning of the suffix _ing_,
+in such words as _longing, striving, lighting_, &c.? See SANDERS &
+McELLIGOTT'S ANALYSIS, page 134, Ex. 176.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXI.
+
+ VET' ER AN, old soldier.
+ GRASP' ED, seized hold of.
+ AN' CIENT, old.
+ MUR' MUR, ED, uttered in a low voice.
+ IM MOR' TAL, imperishable.
+ RAG' ED, was furious.
+ RE MAIN', still exists.
+ SIRE, father.
+ LIGHT' EN ED, (EN, _make_; ED, _did_,) did make light.
+
+
+THE SWORD OF BUNKER HILL.
+
+WILLIAM R. WALLACE.
+
+1. He lay upon his dying bed,
+(pl.) His eye was growing dim,
+ When, with a feeble voice, he called
+ His weeping son to him:
+ "Weep not, my boy," the veteran said,
+ "I bow to Heaven's high will;
+ But quickly from yon antlers bring,
+ The sword of Bunker Hill."
+
+2. The sword was brought; the soldier's eye
+ Lit with a sudden flame;
+ And, as he grasped the ancient blade,
+ He murmured Warren's[1] name;
+ Then said, "My boy, I leave you gold,
+ But what is richer still,
+ I leave you, mark me, mark me, now,
+ The sword of Bunker Hill.
+
+3. "'Twas on that dread, immortal day,
+ I dared the Briton's band,
+ A captain raised his blade on me,
+ I tore it from his hand;
+ And while the glorious battle raged,
+ It lightened Freedom's will;
+ For, boy, the God of Freedom blessed
+ The sword of Bunker Hill.
+
+4. "Oh! keep this sword," his accents broke,--
+ A smile--and he was dead;
+ But his wrinkled hand still grasped the blade,
+ Upon that dying bed.
+ The son remains, the sword remains,
+ Its glory growing still,
+ And twenty millions bless the sire
+ And sword of Bunker Hill.
+
+[Footnote 1: General Warren, a brave and valuable officer, fell by a
+musket-ball, while fighting the British at Bunker's Hill, June 17th,
+1775.]
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What request did the old veteran make of his son? 2. What
+bequest did he make to him? 3. How did he obtain that sword? 4. What did
+he say to his son? 5. Who was Warren?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXII.
+
+ LE' GEND, fictitious narrative.
+ MOR' TAL, deadly.
+ COM' BAT, battle; conflict.
+ PRI ME' VAL, first; primitive.
+ MUS' CU LAR, strong; vigorous.
+ CA DAV' ER OUS, pale; sickly.
+ REF U GEE', runaway; fugitive.
+ QUAR' TER, mercy; indulgence.
+ PIN' ION ED, confined; shackled.
+ A BYSS', yawning gulf.
+ PRO POS' AL, offer; proposition.
+ DI SHEV' EL ED, disordered.
+ IM BO' SOM ED, surrounded; inclosed.
+ CON FESS' ED, owned; acknowledged.
+ RE LENT' ING, pitying; compassionate.
+ RAN' DOM, venture.
+ SU PER STI' TION, false religious belief.
+ A VENGE', take satisfaction for.
+ UN CON' SCIOUS, unaware.
+ SUB LIM' I TY, grandeur.
+
+
+THE BIBLE LEGEND OF THE WIS SA HI' KON.
+
+LIPPARD.
+
+1. It was here in the wilds of the Wis sa hi' kon, on the day of battle,
+as the noonday sun came shining through the thickly clustered leaves,
+that two men met in mortal combat. They grappled in deadly conflict near
+a rock that rose, like the huge wreck of some primeval world, at least
+one hundred feet above the dark waters of the Wis sa hi'kon.
+
+2. That man with the dark brow and the darker gray eye,--with the
+muscular form, clad in the blue hunting-frock of the Revolution,--is a
+Continental, named Warner. His brother was murdered at the massacre of
+Pao'li. That _other_ man, with long black hair drooping along his
+cadaverous face, is clad in the half-military costume of a Tory refugee.
+_That_ is the murderer of Pao'li, named Dabney.
+
+3. They had met there in the woods by accident; and now they fought, not
+with sword or rifle, but with long and deadly hunting-knives, that flash
+in the light as they go turning, and twining, and twisting over the
+green-sward. At last, the Tory is down!--down on the green-sward, with
+the knee of the Continental upon his breast,--that up-raised knife
+quivering in the light,--that dark-gray eye flashing death into his
+face!
+
+4. "Quarter! I yield!" gasped the Tory, as the knee was pressed upon his
+breast. "Spare me!--I yield!"
+
+5. "_My_ brother," said the patriot soldier, in a low tone of deadly
+hate,--"_My_ brother cried for quarter on the night of Pa o' li, and,
+even as he clung to your knees, you struck that knife into his heart.
+Oh, I will give you the quarter of Pa o' li!" And his hand was raised
+for the blow, and his teeth were clinched in deadly hate. He paused for
+a moment, and then pinioned the Tory's arms, and, with one rapid stride,
+dragged him to the verge of the rock, and held him quivering over the
+abyss.
+
+6. "Mercy!" gasped the Tory, turning black and ashy by turns, as that
+awful gulf yawned below. "_Mercy! I have a wife! a child! spare me!_"
+
+7. Then the Continental, with his muscular strength gathered for the
+effort, shook the murderer once more over the abyss, and then hissed
+this bitter sneer between his teeth,--"_My brother had a wife and two
+children_. The morning after the night of Pa o' li, that wife was a
+widow,--those children were orphans! Would not you like to go and beg
+your life of that widow and her children?"
+
+8. The proposal, made by the Continental in the mere mockery of hate,
+was taken in serious earnest by the horror-stricken Tory. He begged to
+be taken to the widow and her children, to have the pitiful privilege of
+begging his life. After a moment's serious thought, the patriot soldier
+consented. He bound the Tory's arms yet tighter, placed him on the rock
+again, and then led him up the woods. A quiet cottage, imbosomed among
+the trees, broke on their eyes.
+
+9. They entered that cottage. There, beside the desolate hearth-stone,
+sat the widow and her children. She was a matronly woman of about thirty
+years, with a face faded by care, a deep, dark eye, and long, disheveled
+hair about her shoulder. On one side was a dark-haired boy, of some six
+years; on the other, a little girl, one year younger, with light hair
+and blue eyes. The Bible, an old, venerable volume, lay open on that
+mother's lap.
+
+10. And then that pale-faced Tory flung himself on his knees, confessed
+that he had butchered her husband on the night of Pa o'li, but begged
+his life at her hands! _"Spare me, for the sake of my wife--my child!"_
+He had expected that his pitiful moan would touch the widow's heart; but
+not one relenting gleam softened her pale face.
+
+11. "The Lord shall judge between us!" she said in a cold, icy tone,
+that froze the murderer's heart. "Look! The Bible lies open before me. I
+will close that volume, and then this boy shall open it, and place his
+finger at random upon a line, and by _that line_ you shall live or die!"
+This was a strange proposal, made in full faith of a wild and dark
+superstition of the olden time. For a moment, the Tory, kneeling there,
+livid as ashes, was wrapt in thought. Then, in a faltering voice, he
+signified his consent.
+
+12. Raising her dark eyes to heaven, the mother prayed the Great Father
+to direct the finger of her son. She closed the book, and handed it to
+that boy, whose young cheek reddened with loathing as he gazed upon his
+father's murderer. He took the Bible, opened its holy pages at random,
+and placed his fingers upon a verse.
+
+13. Then there was a silence. That Continental soldier, who had sworn to
+avenge his brother's death, stood there with dilating eyes and parted
+lips. Then the culprit, kneeling on the floor, with a face like
+discolored clay, felt his heart leap to his throat. Then, in a clear,
+bold voice, the widow read this line from the Old Testament. It was
+short, yet terrible: "_That man shall die!_"
+
+14. Look! The brother springs forward to plunge a knife into the
+murderer's heart; but the Tory, pinioned as he is, begs that one more
+trial may be made by the little girl,--that child of five years, with
+golden hair and laughing eyes. The widow consents. There is an awful
+pause. With a smile in her eye, without knowing what she does, the
+little girl opens the Bible,--she turns her laughing face away,--she
+places her fingers upon the page.
+
+15. That awful silence grows deeper. The deep-drawn breath of the
+brother, and the broken gasps of the murderer, alone disturb the
+stillness. The widow and dark-eyed boy are breathless. That little girl,
+unconscious as she was, caught a feeling of awe from the countenances
+around her, and stood breathless, her face turned aside, and her tiny
+fingers resting on that line of life or death. At last, gathering
+courage, the widow bent her eyes on the page, and read. It was a line
+from the New Testament: "LOVE YOUR ENEMIES." Ah! that moment was
+sublime!
+
+16. Oh, awful Book of God! in whose dread pages we see Job talking face
+to face with Jehovah, or Jesus waiting by Samaria's well, or wandering
+by the waves of dark Galilee! Oh, awful Book! shining to-night, as I
+speak, the light of that widow's home,--the glory of the mechanic's
+shop,--shining where the world comes not, to look on the last night of
+the convict in his cell, lightening the way to God, even over that dread
+gibbet!
+
+17. Oh, Book of terrible majesty and child-like love,--for sublimity
+that crushes the soul into awe,--of beauty that melts the heart with
+rapture! you never shone more strangely beautiful than there in the
+lonely cot of the Wissa hi'kon, where you saved the murderer's life.
+For,--need I tell you?--_that murderer's life was saved_. That widow
+recognized the finger of God, and even the stern brother was awed into
+silence. The murderer went his way.
+
+18. Now look ye, how wonderful are the ways of Heaven! That very night,
+as the widow sat by her lonely hearth, her orphans by her side,--sat
+there with a crushed heart and hot eye-balls, thinking of her husband,
+who, she supposed, now lay moldering on the blood-drenched soil of Pa o'
+li,--there was a tap at the door. She opened it, and that husband,
+living, though covered with wounds, was in her arms! He had fallen at Pa
+o' li, but not in death. _He was alive_,--his wife lay panting on his
+breast. That night there was a prayer in that wood-embowered cot of the
+Wis sa hi' kon.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What two men are said to have engaged in deadly combat?
+2. Which gained the mastery? 3. What did the patriot soldier say to the
+Tory, when he cried, _Quarter_? 4. What, when the Tory told him he had a
+wife and child? 5. What proposal was made to him? 6. How was his fate to
+be decided? 7. Was his life spared? 8. What proved the justice of the
+decision?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXIII.
+
+ VES' TI BULE, porch, entrance.
+ VI' BRATE, move to and fro.
+ IM MOR' TALS, undying creatures.
+ MON' U MENTS, memorials.
+ A CHIEVE', accomplish.
+ MU TA BLE, changeable.
+ IM MOR TAL' I TY, deathless existence.
+ IL LU' MIN ATE, enlighten.
+ UN DER STAND' ING, intellect.
+ RE AL' I TIES, truths; facts.
+ AS SAULTS', violent attacks.
+ DE SER' TION, abandonment.
+ IN EX HAUST' I BLE, never-failing.
+ CHAR' TER, title; deed.
+
+
+ADVICE TO THE YOUNG.
+
+E.H. CHAPIN.
+
+1. Young friends', in whatever pursuits you may engage, you must not
+forget that the lawful objects of human efforts, are but means to higher
+results and nobler ends. Start not forward in life with the idea of
+becoming mere seekers of pleasure,--sportive butterflies searching for
+gaudy flowers. Consider and act with reference to the true ends of
+existence.
+
+2. This world is but the vestibule of an immortal life. Every action of
+your life touches on some chord that will vibrate in eternity. These
+thoughts and motives within you, stir the pulses of a deathless spirit.
+Act not, then, as mere creatures of this life, who, for a little while,
+are to walk the valleys and the hills, to enjoy the sunshine and to
+breathe the air, and then pass away and be no more; but _act_ as
+immortals, with an _aim_ and a _purpose_ worthy of your high nature.
+
+3. Set before you, as the chief object to be obtained, an _end_ that is
+superior to any on earth,--_a desirable end_, A PERFECT END. Labor to
+accomplish a work which shall survive unchanged and beautiful, when time
+shall have withered the garland of youth, when thrones of power and
+monuments of art shall have crumbled into ashes; and, finally, aim to
+achieve something, which, when these our mutable and perishing voices
+are hushed forever, shall live amid the songs and triumphs of
+IMMORTALITY.
+
+4. Well will it be for you, if you have a _guide_ within, which will aid
+you in every issue which will arm you in every temptation, and comfort
+you in every sorrow. Consult, then, that Volume whose precepts will
+never fail you. Consult it with a deep aspiration after the true and
+good, and it shall illuminate your understanding with divine realities.
+
+5. Open your soul, and it shall breathe into it a holy influence, and
+fill all its wants. Bind it close to your heart; it will be a shield
+against all the assaults of evil. Read it in the lonely hour of
+desertion; it will be the best of companions. Open it when the voyage of
+life is troubled'; it is a sure chart. Study it in poverty'; it will
+unhoard to you inexhaustible riches. Commune with it in sickness'; it
+contains the medicine of the soul. Clasp it when dying'; IT IS THE
+CHARTER OF IMMORTALITY.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What ought we not to forget? 2. How ought the world to be
+regarded? 3. How ought we to act and labor? 4. What ought we to consult?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXIV.
+
+ IN TREP' ID, brave; heroic.
+ BE TO' KEN ED, showed; indicated.
+ E LAS' TIC, springy; agile.
+ AT' TI TUDE, posture; position.
+ UN' DER GROWTH, shrubbery.
+ CON FRONT', stand before.
+ CA TAS' TRO PHE, disaster; calamity.
+ DE TER' RED, hindered; prevented.
+ HUR' RI CANE, violent tempest.
+ BUF' FET ING, beating with the hands.
+ ATH LET' IC, strong; powerful.
+ MI RAC' U LOUS, wonderful.
+ TRE MEN DOUS, terrible; frightful.
+ DES' PE RATE, rash; furious.
+ IN VOL' UN TA RY, spontaneous.
+ CAT' A RACT, waterfall.
+ RE SUS' CI TATE, revive; bring to life.
+ CH AR' AC TER IZ ED, distinguished.
+
+
+THE INTREPID YOUTH.
+
+1. It was a calm, sunny day in the year 1750; the scene, a piece of
+forest land in the north of Virginia, near a noble stream of water.
+Implements of surveying were lying about, and several men reclining
+under the trees, betokened, by their dress and appearance, that they
+composed a party engaged in laying out the wild lands of the country.
+
+2. These persons had apparently just finished their dinner. Apart from
+the group, walked a young man of a tall and compact frame, and moved
+with the elastic tread of one accustomed to constant exercise in the
+open air. His countenance wore a look of decision and manliness not
+usually found in one so young, for he was apparently little over
+eighteen years of age. His hat had been cast off, as if for comfort, and
+he had paused, with one foot advanced, in a graceful and natural
+attitude.
+
+3. Suddenly there was a shriek, then another, and several in rapid
+succession. The voice was that of a woman, and seemed to proceed from
+the other side of a dense thicket. At the first scream, the youth turned
+his head in the direction of the sound; but when it was repeated, he
+pushed aside the undergrowth which separated him from it, and,
+quickening his footsteps, as the cries succeeded each other in alarming
+rapidity, he soon dashed into an open space on the banks of the stream,
+where stood a rude log-cabin.
+
+4. As the young man broke from the undergrowth, he saw his companions
+crowded together on the banks of the river, while in the midst stood the
+woman, from whom proceeded the shrieks, held back by two of the men, but
+struggling vigorously for freedom. It was but the work of a moment for
+the young man to make his way through the crowd and confront the female.
+The instant her eye fell on him, she exclaimed, "Oh! sir, you will do
+something for me. Make them release me,--for the love of God! _My
+boy,--my poor boy is drowning, and they will not let me go!"_ "It would
+be madness; she will jump into the river," said one, "and the rapids
+would dash her to pieces in a moment!"
+
+5. The youth had scarcely waited for these words, for he recollected the
+child, a bold little boy of four years old, whose beautiful blue eyes
+and flaxen ringlets made him a favorite with all who knew him. He had
+been accustomed to play in the little inclosure before the cabin, but
+the gate having been left open, he had stolen incautiously out, reached
+the edge of the bank, and was in the act of looking over, when his
+mother saw him.
+
+6. The shriek she uttered only hastened the catastrophe she feared; for
+the child, frightened at the cry of its mother, lost its balance, and
+fell into the stream, which here went foaming and roaring along amid
+innumerable rocks, constituting the most dangerous rapids known in that
+section of the country. Scream now followed scream in rapid succession,
+as the agonized mother rushed to the bank.
+
+7. The party we left reclining in the shade within a few steps of the
+accident, were immediately on the spot. Fortunate it was that they were
+so near, else the mother would have jumped in after her child, and both
+been lost. Several of the men approached the brink, and were on the
+point of springing in after the child, when the sight of the sharp rocks
+crowding the channel, the rush and whirl of the waters, and the want of
+any knowledge where to look for the boy, deterred them, and they gave up
+the enterprise.
+
+8. Not so with the noble youth. His first work was to throw off his
+coat; next to spring to the edge of the bank. Here he stood for a
+moment, running his eyes rapidly over the scene below, taking with a
+glance the different currents and the most dangerous of the rocks, in
+order to shape his course when in the stream. He had scarcely formed his
+conclusion, when he saw in the water a white object, which he knew to be
+the boy's dress, and he plunged into the wild and roaring rapids.
+
+9. _"Thank God, he will save my child,"_ cried the mother; _"there he
+is!--oh! my boy, my darling boy, how could I leave you!"_ Every one had
+rushed to the brink of the precipice, and was now following with eager
+eyes the progress of the youth, as the current bore him onward, like a
+feather in the embrace of the hurricane. Now it seemed as if he would be
+dashed against a jutting rock, over which the water flew in foam, and a
+whirlpool would drag him in, from whose grasp escape would appear
+impossible.
+
+10. At times, the current bore him under, and he would be lost to sight;
+then, just as the spectators gave him up, he would appear, though far
+from where he vanished, still buffeting amid the vortex. Oh, how that
+mother's straining eyes followed him in his perilous career! how her
+heart sunk when he went under,--and with what a gush of joy when she saw
+him emerge again from the waters, and, flinging the waves aside with his
+athletic arms, struggle on in pursuit of her boy!
+
+11. But it seemed as if his generous efforts were not to avail; for,
+though the current was bearing off the boy before his eyes, scarcely ten
+feet distant, he could not, despite his gigantic efforts, overtake the
+drowning child. On flew the youth and child; and it was miraculous how
+each escaped being dashed in pieces against the rocks. Twice the boy
+went out of sight, and a suppressed shriek escaped the mother's lips;
+but twice he reappeared, and then, with hands wrung wildly together, and
+breathless anxiety, she followed his progress, as his unresisting form
+was hurried with the onward current.
+
+12. The youth now appeared to redouble his exertions, for they were
+approaching the most dangerous part of the river, where the rapids,
+contracting between the narrow shores, shot almost perpendicularly down
+a declivity of fifteen feet. The rush of the waters at this spot was
+tremendous, and no one ventured to approach its vicinity, even in a
+canoe, lest he should be dashed in pieces. What, then, would be the
+youth's fate, unless he soon overtook the child? He seemed fully
+sensible of the increasing peril, and now urged his way through the
+foaming current with a desperate strength.
+
+13. Three times he was on the point of grasping the child, when the
+waters whirled the prize from him. The third effort was made just as
+they were entering within the influence of the current above the fall;
+and when it failed, the mother's heart sunk within her, and she groaned,
+fully expecting the youth to give up his task. But no; he only pressed
+forward the more eagerly; and, as they breathlessly watched amid the
+boiling waters, they saw the form of the brave youth following close
+after that of the boy.
+
+14. And now, like an arrow from the bow, pursuer and pursued shot to the
+brink of the precipice. An instant they hung there, distinctly visible
+amid the foaming waters. Every brain grew dizzy at the sight. But a
+shout of involuntary exultation burst from the spectators, when they saw
+the boy held aloft by the right arm of the youth,--a shout that was
+suddenly checked with horror, when they both vanished into the abyss
+below!
+
+15. A moment elapsed before a word was spoken, or a breath drawn. The
+mother ran forward, and then stood gazing with fixed eyes at the foot of
+the cataract, as if her all depended upon what the next moment should
+reveal. Suddenly she gave the glad cry, (_f_.) "_There they are! See!
+they are safe!_--Great God, I thank thee!" And, sure enough, there was
+the youth still unharmed, and still buffeting the waters. He had just
+emerged from the boiling vortex below the cataract. With one hand he
+held aloft the child, and with the other he was making for the shore.
+
+16. They ran, they shouted, they scarcely knew what they did, until they
+reached his side, just as he was struggling to the bank. They drew him
+out almost exhausted. The boy was senseless; but his mother declared
+that he still lived, as she pressed him frantically to her bosom. The
+youth could scarcely stand, so faint was he from his exertions.
+
+17. Who can describe the scene that followed,--the mother's calmness
+while she strove to resuscitate her boy, and her wild gratitude to his
+preserver, when the child was out of danger, and sweetly sleeping in her
+arms? Our pen shrinks at the task. But her words, pronounced then, were
+remembered afterwards by more than one who heard them.
+
+18. "_God will reward you_," said she, "as _I_ can not. He will do great
+things for you in return for this day's work, and the blessings of
+thousands besides mine will attend you." And so it was; for, to the
+_hero_ of that hour, were subsequently confided the destinies of a
+mighty nation. But, throughout his long career, what tended to make him
+more honored and respected beyond all men, was the _self-sacrificing
+spirit_, which, in the rescue of that mother's child, as in the more
+august events of his life, characterized OUR BELOVED WASHINGTON.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Describe the scene where this accident took place. 2.
+What did the woman say to the young man? 3. Why would not the men
+release the woman? 4. What did the young man do? 5. Did he finally
+succeed in saving the child? 6. What did the mother say to him? 7. Who
+did this youth prove to be?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXV.
+
+ RAB' BI, teacher or doctor.
+ HEA' THEN, pagan; gentile.
+ BOUND' A RIES, limits.
+ WAN' DER ED, strayed.
+ SUB MIS' SIVE, resigned; humble.
+ PIL' GRIM, wanderer.
+ RE PEL' LED, drove off.
+ IN HOS' PI TA BLE, unkind to strangers.
+ MAN' TLE, garment, cloak.
+ CON SOL' ING, comforting.
+ RE POS' ING, lying down; resting.
+ CA LAM' I TY, misfortune.
+ POUN' CED, fell or jumped suddenly.
+ IM PLOR' ING, begging; entreating.
+ DE SPOIL' ED, robbed.
+ CHURL' ISH, surly; rude.
+
+
+THE FOUR MISFORTUNES.
+
+JOHN G. SANE.
+
+ 1. A pious Rabbi, forced by heathen hate,
+ To quit the boundaries of his native land,
+ Wandered abroad, submissive to his fate,
+ Through pathless woods and wastes of burning sand.
+
+ 2. A patient ass, to bear him in his flight,
+ A dog, to guard him from the robber's stealth,
+ A lamp, by which to read the law at night,--
+ Was all the pilgrim's store of worldly wealth.
+
+ 3. At set of sun he reached a little town,
+ And asked for shelter and a crumb of food;
+ But every face repelled him with a frown,
+ And so he sought a lodging in the wood.
+
+ 4. "'Tis very hard," the weary traveler said,
+ "And most inhospitable, I protest,
+ To send me fasting to this forest bed;
+ But God is good, and means it for the best!"
+
+ 5. He lit his lamp to read the sacred law,
+ Before he spread his mantle for the night;
+ But the wind rising with a sudden flaw,
+ He read no more,--the gust put out the light.
+
+ 6. "'Tis strange," he said, "'tis very strange, indeed,
+ That ere I lay me down to take my rest,
+ A chapter of the law I may not read,--
+ But God is good, and all is for the best!"
+
+ 7. With these consoling words the Rabbi tries
+ To sleep,--his head reposing on a log,--
+ But, ere he fairly shut his drowsy eyes,
+ A wolf came up and killed his faithful dog.
+
+ 8. "What new calamity is this?" he cried;
+ "My honest dog--a friend who stood the test
+ When others failed--lies murdered at my side!
+ Well,--God is good, and means it for the best."
+
+ 9. Scarce had the Rabbi spoken, when, alas!--
+ As if, at once, to crown his wretched lot,
+ A hungry lion pounced upon the ass,
+ And killed the faithful donkey on the spot.
+
+10. "Alas!--alas!" the weeping Rabbi said,
+ "Misfortune haunts me like a hateful guest;
+ My dog is gone, and now my ass is dead,--
+ Well, God is good, and all is for the best!"
+
+11. At dawn of day, imploring heavenly grace,
+ Once more he sought the town, but all in vain;
+ A band of robbers had despoiled the place,
+ And all the churlish citizens were slain.
+
+12. "Now God be praised!" the grateful Rabbi cried,
+ "If I had tarried in the town to rest,
+ I too, with these poor villagers had died,--
+ Sure, God is good, and all is for the best!"
+
+13. "Had not the saucy wind put out my lamp,
+ By which the sacred law I would have read,
+ The light had shown the robbers to my camp,
+ And here the villains would have left me dead.
+
+14. "Had not my faithful animals been slain,
+ Their noise, no doubt, had drawn the robbers near,
+ And so their master, it is very plain,
+ Instead of them, had fallen murdered here.
+
+15. "Full well I see that this hath happened so
+ To put my faith and patience to the test;
+ Thanks to His name! for now I surely know
+ That God is good, and all is for the best!"
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXVI.
+
+ FU TU' RI TY, events to come.
+ CON SULT', counsel with.
+ PRE TEN' SIONS, claims; assumptions.
+ FOR' TI TUDE, patience; endurance.
+ MOD' EL, pattern; example.
+ RES IG NA' TION, submissiveness.
+ O VER WHELMS', overcomes.
+ IN GRAT' I TUDE, unthankfulness.
+ VAG' A BOND, vagrant; worthless.
+ IM' PU DENCE, sauciness.
+ DES' TI NY, fate; final lot.
+ DE CEAS' ED, dead.
+ DE PRIV' ED, robbed.
+ IN CUR' RED, brought on; caused.
+ CON SUL TA' TIONS, couselings.
+ CAL CU LA' TIONS, reckonings.
+ PRE TER NAT' U RAL, (PRETER, _beyond_;) beyond what is natural;
+ miraculous.
+ IN VOLV' ED, (IN, _in_; VOLVED, _rolled_;) rolled in; enveloped.
+ IN TER RUPT', (INTER, _in, between_; RUPT, _to break_;) break in
+ between; stop; hinder.
+
+[Headnote 1: JOB, a patriarch, celebrated for his patience, constancy,
+and piety. For note on DAVID, see page 138.]
+
+NOTE.--The dash at the end of a remark denotes that the speaker is
+interrupted by the one with whom he is conversing.
+
+
+MRS. CREDULOUS AND THE FORTUNE-TELLER.
+
+_Mrs. Credulous._ Are you the fortune-teller, sir, that knows every
+thing?
+
+_Fortune-Teller._ I sometimes consult futurity, madam; but I make no
+pretensions to any supernatural knowledge.
+
+_Mrs. C._ Ay, so _you_ say; but every body else says you know _every
+thing_; and I have come all the way from Boston to consult you; for you
+must know I have met with a dreadful loss.
+
+_F. T._ We are liable to losses in this world, madam.
+
+_Mrs. C._ Yes; and I have had my share of them, though I shall be only
+fifty, come Thanksgiving.
+
+_F. T._ You must have learned to bear misfortunes with fortitude, by
+this time.
+
+_Mrs. C._ I don't know how that is, though my dear husband, rest his
+soul, used to say, "Molly, you are as patient as Job,[Headnote 1] though
+you never had any children to lose, as he had."
+
+_F. T._ Job was a model of patience, madam, and few could lose their all
+with so much resignation.
+
+_Mrs. C._ Ah, sir', that is too true'; for even the small loss _I_ have
+suffered, overwhelms me!
+
+_F. T._ The loss of property, madam, comes home to the bosom of the best
+of us.
+
+_Mrs. C._ Yes, sir; and when the thing lost can not be replaced, it is
+doubly distressing. When my poor, good man, on our wedding day, gave me
+the ring, "Keep it, Molly," said he, "till you die, for my sake." And
+now, that I should have lost it, after keeping it thirty years, and
+locking it up so carefully all the time, as I did--
+
+_F. T._ We can not be too careful in this world, madam; our best friends
+often deceive us.
+
+_Mrs. C._ True, sir, true,--but who would have thought that the child I
+took, as it were, out of the street, and brought up as my own, could
+have been guilty of such ingratitude? She never would have touched what
+was not her own, if her vagabond lover had not put her up to it.
+
+_F. T._ Ah, madam, ingratitude is the basest of all crimes!
+
+_Mrs. C._ Yes; but to think that the impudent creature should deny she
+took it, when I saw it in the possession of that wretch myself.
+
+_F. T._ Impudence, madam, usually accompanies crime. But my time is
+precious, and the star that rules your destiny will set, and your fate
+be involved in darkness, unless I proceed to business immediately. The
+star informs me, madam, that you are a widow.
+
+_Mrs. C._ La! sir, were you acquainted with my deceased husband?
+
+_F. T._ No, madam; we do not receive our knowledge by such means. Thy
+name is Mary, and thy dwelling-place is Boston.
+
+_Mrs. C._ Some spirit must have told you this, for certain.
+
+_F. T._ This is not all, madam. You were married at the age of twenty
+years, and were the sole heir of your deceased husband.
+
+_Mrs. C._ I perceive, sir, you know _every_ thing.
+
+_F. T._ Madam, I can not help knowing what I _do_ know; I must therefore
+inform you that your adopted daughter, in the dead of night--
+
+_Mrs. C._ No, sir; it was in the day-time.
+
+_F. T._ Do not interrupt me, madam. In the dead of night, your adopted
+daughter planned the robbery which deprived you of your wedding-ring.
+
+_Mrs. C._ No earthly being could have told you this, for I never let my
+right hand know that I possessed it, lest some evil should happen to it.
+
+_F. T._ Hear me, madam; you have come all this distance to consult the
+fates, and find your ring.
+
+_Mrs. C._ You have guessed my intention exactly, sir.
+
+_F. T._ Guessed'! madam'. I _know_ this is your object; and I know,
+moreover, that your ungrateful daughter has incurred your displeasure,
+by receiving the addresses of a worthless man.
+
+_Mrs. C._ Every word is gospel truth.
+
+_F. T._ This man has persuaded your daughter--
+
+_Mrs. C._ I knew he did, I told her so. But good sir, can you tell me
+who has the ring?
+
+_F. T._ This young man has it.
+
+_Mrs. C._ But he denies it.
+
+_F. T._ No matter, madam, he has it.
+
+_Mrs. C._ But how shall I obtain it again?
+
+_F. T._ The law points out the way, madam,--it is _my_ business to point
+out the rogue,--you must catch him.
+
+_Mrs. C._ You are right, sir,--and if there is law to be had, I will
+spend every cent I own, but I will have it. I knew he was the robber,
+and I thank you for the information. [_Going_.]
+
+_F. T._ But thanks, madam, will not pay for all my nightly vigils,
+consultations, and calculations.
+
+_Mrs. C._ Oh, right, sir! I forgot to pay you. What am I indebted to
+you?
+
+_F. T._ Only five dollars, madam.
+
+_Mrs. C._ [_Handing him the money_.] There it is, sir. I would have paid
+twenty rather than not have found the ring.
+
+_F. T._ I never take but five, madam. Farewell, madam, your friend is at
+the door with your chaise.
+
+[_He leaves the room_.]
+
+[_Enter, Friend_.]
+
+_Friend_. Well, Mary, what does the fortune-teller say?
+
+_Mrs. C._ Oh, he told me I was a widow, and lived in Boston, and had an
+adopted daughter,--and----
+
+_Friend._ But you knew all this before, did you not?
+
+_Mrs. C._ Yes; but how should _he_ know it? He told me, too, that I had
+lost a ring,--
+
+_Friend._ Did he tell you where to find it?
+
+_Mrs. C._ Oh yes! he says that fellow has it, and I must go to law and
+get it, if he will not give it up. What do you think of that?
+
+_Friend._ It is precisely what any fool could have told you. But how
+much did you pay for this precious information?
+
+_Mrs. C._ Only five dollars.
+
+_Friend._ How much was the ring worth?
+
+_Mrs. C._ Why, two dollars, at least.
+
+_Friend._ Then you have paid ten dollars for a chaise to bring you here,
+five dollars for the information that you had already, and all this to
+gain possession of a ring not worth one quarter of the expense!
+
+_Mrs. C._ Oh, the rascal! how he has cheated me! I will go to the
+world's end but I will be revenged.
+
+_Friend._ You had better go home, and say nothing about it; for every
+effort to recover your money, will only expose your folly.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What had Mrs. Credulous said, by which the fortune-teller
+knew all the circumstances relative to the loss of her ring? 2. How was
+she told she must get her ring? 3. What did she pay the fortune-teller?
+4. How much for the chaise? 5. What was her ring worth? 6. Was she a
+bright dame?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXVII.
+
+ UN FAL' TER ING, steady.
+ CON FID' ING LY, trustingly.
+ SOOTH' ING LY, tenderly, calmly.
+ AL LUR'ING, seductive; flattering.
+ AP PRO' PRI ATE, proper; peculiar.
+ SUB MIS' SION, resignation.
+ IN' VA LID, sick or infirm person.
+ CON TENT' MENT, satifaction.
+ MEA' GER, scanty.
+ CON' FI DENCE, faith; reliance.
+ AS SUAG' ED, relieved; mitigated.
+ FER' VEN CY, heat; ardent feeling.
+ RA DI A TION luster.
+ FRU I' TION, realization; enjoyment.
+
+
+FAITH, HOPE, AND CHARITY.--AN ALLEGORY.
+
+[Footnote: AL' LE GO RY is a word of Greek origin. It is made up of two
+parts; ALL, _other_; and EGORY, _discourse_; the literal meaning of the
+compound being, _discourse_ about _other_ things; that is, things other
+than those expressed by the words, literally interpreted. Allegory is,
+therefore, the general name for that class of compositions, as _Fables_,
+_Apologues_, _Parables_, and _Myth_, in which there is a _double_
+signification, one _literal_ and the other _figurative_; the literal
+being designed merely to give a more clear and impressive view of that
+which is figurative.]
+
+1. Many years ago, three beautiful sisters came into our world to
+lighten the burdens of earth's toiling pilgrims, and aid them in
+preparation for a higher state of existence. Alike commissioned by the
+Great Father, they were sent on errands of mercy, and were not to turn
+away from scenes of darkness, sorrow, and suffering.
+
+2. FAITH had a firm, unfaltering step; HOPE, a beaming eye, ever turned
+to the future; and LOVE, a pitying glance, and a helping hand. They
+journeyed confidingly together; and when they found a stricken being in
+danger of perishing by the wayside, FAITH soothingly whispered, "My
+Father doeth all things well;" HOPE pointed to the cooling shade just in
+advance; and LOVE assisted him to rise, and aided his feeble steps.
+
+3. Groups of fair children played near the path in which they were
+traveling. Some of these did not understand the tones of FAITH; but they
+all listened eagerly to the alluring strains of HOPE, who painted
+brighter scenes than those they were enjoying, and flowers more fragrant
+than any they yet had gathered. LOVE delighted to linger with the
+youthful band, lessening their trials, and increasing their pleasures.
+
+4. Her gentle touch arrested the little hand that was lifted against a
+playmate, and her soothing voice calmed the angry passions which were
+swelling in the bosom. When a child stumbled in the way, she tenderly
+raised it up again, or when a thorn pierced the unwary finger, she
+kindly removed it, and bound up the bleeding wound.
+
+5. While the sisters were busy in their appropriate mission, a
+pale-cheeked lad mingled with the group of merry children, though too
+weak to share their sports. FAITH stole to his side, and whispered of
+the great Parent above, who afflicts in wisdom, and chastens in love.
+His eye brightened while she spoke, and he looked upward with that trust
+and submission which he had never before experienced.
+
+6. Then HOPE came, with visions of returning health, when his frame
+would be strong and his heart buoyant. But when HOPE and FAITH were
+gone, again his head drooped, and the tear started. Then LOVE sat down
+by the invalid, twining a garland of summer blossoms for his pale brow,
+and singing sweet melodies which charmed his listening ear. The pain was
+all gone now; smiles wreathed his pallid lips, and the sick boy laughed
+as merrily as his more robust companions.
+
+7. The sisters, in their journeyings, entered the abode of poverty. It
+was a humble dwelling, and yet it looked cheerful, yea, even inviting,
+when the three graced it with their presence. FAITH shed a spirit of
+calm contentment and heavenly trust in those lowly walls; HOPE whispered
+of the better mansions prepared for the followers of the Lamb; and LOVE,
+not less exalted than her sisters, threw a charm over the meager fare
+and scanty attire of the inmates. FAITH taught them to offer the daily
+prayer in trusting confidence; HOPE pointed beyond this world to joys
+which eye hath not seen, nor ear heard; while LOVE lessened each burden,
+and increased each simple pleasure. FAITH, HOPE, and CHARITY! ye,
+indeed, can make a paradise of the humblest home!
+
+8. There was a darkened chamber, with a wan form tossing restlessly upon
+the couch. Wealth was there; but it could not allay pain, or prolong
+life. FAITH, noiseless as a spirit form, glided to the sick one's side.
+"Though He slay me, yet will I trust in Him," was her language, as she
+pointed upward. HOPE fain would have whispered of length of days, but
+she knew this could not be; so she spoke of life eternal, where there is
+no more pain. Then LOVE smoothed the pillow, and bathed the fevered
+brow, pausing not in her tender ministries through the night-watches.
+When morning dawned, the spirit of the sick man passed away, though not
+until FAITH, and HOPE, and LOVE had assuaged the anguish of the parting
+pang.
+
+9. Weeping mourners gathered around the dead. There were tears,--for
+"tears well befit earth's partings;" there was sorrow,--for what
+bitterness is like unto that of the bereaved, when the grave opens to
+infold the heart's best treasure? Yet FAITH, and HOPE, and LOVE were
+there, assuaging those tears, and mitigating that sorrow. FAITH, even
+while her cheeks were wet, exclaimed, "The Lord gave, and the Lord hath
+taken away; blessed be the name of the Lord."
+
+10. HOPE'S language was, "Not lost, but gone before;" and her eye,
+having lost none of its brightness, saw with prophetic vision a reunion
+yet to come. LOVE tenderly wiped away each gathering tear, and gave
+deeper fervency to the trusting confidence of FAITH, and the inspiring
+strains of HOPE. And when the sleeper was committed to the dust, these
+gentle sisters lingered in the lonely house, and by the darkened hearth.
+
+11. Such are FAITH, HOPE, and CHARITY,--given by God to lighten human
+sorrow, and bless the creatures He has made. They have each a mission to
+fulfill,--different, it is true, and yet they move in harmony. FAITH
+enables us to submit trustingly to daily trials, viewing a kind Father's
+hand in each passing event. HOPE, when the sky is dark, and the path
+thorny, points not only to fairer scenes below, but to that brighter
+world where there is no night and no sorrow.
+
+12. LOVE lightens every burden, and reflects upon earth a faint
+radiation of heavenly blessedness,--for the Scriptures assure us that
+"God is love: and every one that loveth is born of God." The time will
+come when, the purposes of the wise Creator being accomplished, Faith
+and Hope will cease. Faith will be lost in sight, Hope in fruition; but
+Love will remain, binding the spirits of the redeemed in blissful
+communion, and uniting them to God the Father and Christ the Elder
+Brother.
+
+13. Faith, Hope, and Charity! blessed spirits! May they be inmates of
+every heart! May they assist each of us in the peculiar trials which
+none can know but ourselves! They will come to us if we seek their
+presence; but they must be carefully nurtured. Let us cherish them in
+our bosoms, and they will bless us constantly in our pilgrimage below,
+and conduct us to the presence of our God.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXVIII.
+
+ TRANSPORT' ED, highly delighted.
+ THREAT' EN ING, impending.
+ COR' O NAL, crown; chaplet.
+ MYR' I AD, innumerable.
+ LUS' CIOUS, delicious.
+ LUS TY, strong; vigorous.
+ WAR' BLING, singing; caroling.
+ CHURL, sour, surly man.
+ RE FRESH', cool; make fresh.
+ LAN' GUID, dull; sluggish.
+ DROUTH' Y, dry; arid.
+ SUS TAIN', uphold; support.
+ UN GRUDG'ING, free-hearted; liberal.
+ NIG GARD, miser; stingy person.
+
+
+"NOT TO MYSELF ALONE."
+
+S.W. PARTRIDGE.
+
+ 1. "_Not to myself alone,_"
+ The little opening flower transported cries.
+ "Not to myself alone I bud and bloom;
+ With fragrant breath the breezes I perfume,
+ And gladden all things with my rainbow dyes.
+ The bee comes sipping, every eventide,
+ His dainty fill;
+ The butterfly within my cup doth hide
+ From threatening ill."
+
+ 2. "_Not to myself alone,_"
+ The circling star with honest pride doth boast,
+ "Not to myself alone I rise and set;
+ I write upon night's coronal of jet
+ His power and skill who formed our myriad host;
+ A friendly beacon at heaven's open gate,
+ I gem the sky.
+ That man might ne'er forget, in every fate,
+ His home on high."
+
+ 3. "_Not to myself alone_,"
+ The heavy-laden bee doth murmuring hum,
+ "Not to myself alone, from flower to flower,
+ I rove the wood, the garden, and the bower,
+ And to the hive at evening weary come;
+ For man, for man, the luscious food I pile
+ With busy care,
+ Content if he repay my ceaseless toil
+ With scanty share."
+
+ 4. "_Not to myself alone_,"
+ The soaring bird with lusty pinion sings,
+ "Not to myself alone I raise my song;
+ I cheer the drooping with my warbling tongue,
+ And bear the mourner on my viewless wings;
+ I bid the hymnless churl my anthem learn,
+ And God adore;
+ I call the worldling from his dross to turn,
+ And sing and scar."
+
+ 5. _"Not to myself alone,"_
+ The streamlet whispers on its pebbly way,
+ "Not to myself alone I sparkling glide;
+ I scatter health and life on every side,
+ And strew the fields with herb and floweret gay.
+ I sing unto the common, bleak and bare,
+ My gladsome tune;
+ I sweeten and refresh the languid air
+ In droughty June."
+
+ 6. _"Not to myself alone:"_--
+ O man, forget not thou,--earth's honored priest,
+ Its tongue, its soul, its life, its pulse, its heart,--
+ In earth's great chorus to sustain _thy_ part!
+ Chiefest of guests at Love's ungrudging feast,
+ Play not the niggard; spurn thy native clod,
+ And _self_ disown;
+ Live to thy neighbor; live unto thy God;
+ _Not to thyself alone!_
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What things are mentioned, that contribute to our comfort
+and happiness? 2. How does the suffix _less,_ affect the meaning of the
+words _cease, view, hymn,_ &c.? 3. What is the meaning of the suffixes
+_let_ and _et,_ in the words _streamlet_ and _floweret?_ See SANDERS &
+McELLIGOTT'S ANALYSIS, page 140, Ex. 185 and 187.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXIX.
+
+ NURS'ING, nourishing; cherishing.
+ AB HOR', detest; loathe.
+ RE LI' ED, depended.
+ FRA TER' NAL, brotherly.
+ SU PER' NAL, heavenly.
+ COM BINE', unite; join together.
+ RE HEARS' AL, recital; repetition.
+ BIG' OT RY, blind zeal; prejudice.
+ SHEATHE, put in a sheath.
+ U NI VERS AL, general.
+ CUS TOM, practice; usage.
+ TAL' ENT, natural ability.
+ AF FECT'ING, making false show.
+ IS' O LATE, separate; detach.
+
+
+THE WORLD WOULD BE THE BETTER FOR IT.
+
+W.H. COBB.
+
+1. If men cared less for wealth and fame,
+ And less for battle-fields and glory,--
+ If writ in human hearts a name
+ Seemed better than in song and story,--
+ If men instead of nursing pride,
+ Would learn to hate it and abhor it,--
+ If more relied
+ On _love_ to guide,--
+ _The world would be the better for it._
+
+2. If men dealt less in stocks and lands,
+ And more in bonds and deeds fraternal,--
+ If Love's work had more willing hands
+ To link this world to the supernal,--
+ If men stored up Love's oil and wine,
+ And on bruised human hearts would pour it,--
+ If _"yours"_ and _"mine"_
+ Would once combine,--
+ _The world would be the letter for it._
+
+3. If more would _act_ the play of Life,
+ And fewer spoil it in rehearsal,--
+ If Bigotry would sheathe his knife
+ Till Good became more universal,--
+ If Custom, gray with ages grown,
+ Had fewer blind men to adore it,--
+ If talent shone
+ In Truth alone,--
+ _The world would be the better for it._
+
+4. If men were wise in little things,
+ Affecting less in all their dealings,--
+ If hearts had fewer rusted strings
+ To isolate their kindly feelings,--
+ If men, when Wrong beats down the Right,
+ Would strike together and restore it,--
+ If Right made Might
+ In every fight,--
+ _The world would be the letter for it._
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXX.
+
+In reading these antithetic sentences, an excellent effect may be
+produced by dividing the class equally into two parts, and letting one
+part read, in concert, the line marked _1st Voice_, and the other part,
+the line marked _2d Voice;_ or, one pupil may read one line, and the
+next pupil the other, alternately.
+
+
+SELECT PROVERBS OF SOLOMON.
+
+ _1st Voice_. A wise son maketh a glad father;
+ _2d Voice_, but a foolish son is the heaviness of his mother.
+
+ _1 V_. Treasures of wickedness profit nothing;
+ _2 V_. but righteousness delivereth from death.
+
+ _1 V_. He becometh poor, that dealeth with a slack hand;
+ _2 V_. but the hand of the diligent maketh rich.
+
+ _1 V_. Blessings are upon the head of the just;
+ _2 V_. but violence covereth the mouth of the wicked.
+
+ _1 V_. The memory of the just is blessed;
+ _2 V_. but the name of the wicked shall rot.
+
+ _1 V_. The wise in heart will receive commandment;
+ _2 V_. but a prating fool shall fall.
+
+ _1 V._ He that walketh uprightly, walketh surely;
+ _2 V._ but he that perverteth his ways, shall be known.
+
+ _1 V._ Wise men lay up knowledge;
+ _2 V._ but the mouth of the wicked is near destruction.
+
+ _1 V._ He is in the way of life, that keepeth instruction;
+ _2 V._ but he that refuseth reproof, erreth.
+
+ _1 V._ It is as sport to a fool to do mischief;
+ _2 V._ but a man of understanding hath wisdom.
+
+ _1 V._ The fear of the Lord prolongeth days;
+ _2 V._ but the years of the wicked shall be shortened.
+
+ _1 V._ The hope of the righteous shall be gladness;
+ _2 V._ but the expectation of the wicked shall perish.
+
+ _1 V._ The righteous shall never be removed;
+ _2 V._ but the wicked shall not inhabit the earth.
+
+ _1 V._ The mouth of the just bringeth forth wisdom;
+ _2 V._ but the froward tongue shall be cut out.
+
+ _1 V._ A false balance is an abomination to the Lord;
+ _2 V._ but a just weight is his delight.
+
+ _1 V._ Riches profit not in the day of wrath;
+ _2 V._ but righteousness delivereth from death.
+
+ _1 V._ The righteousness of the perfect shall direct his way;
+ _2 V._ but the wicked shall fall by his own wickedness.
+
+ _1 V._ By the blessing of the upright the city is exalted;
+ _2 V._ but it is overthrown by the mouth of the wicked.
+
+ _1 V._ Where no counsel is, the people fall,
+ _2 V._ but in the multitude of counselors there is safety.
+
+ _1 V._ He that diligently seeketh good, procureth favor;
+ _2 V._ but he that seeketh mischief, it shall come unto him.
+
+ _1 V._ The righteous man regardeth the life of his beast;
+ _2 V._ but the tender mercies of the wicked are cruel.
+
+ _1 V_. The lip of truth shall be established forever;
+ _2 V_. but a lying tongue is but for a moment.
+
+ _1 V_. Lying lips are abomination to the Lord;
+ _2 V_. but they that deal truly are His delight.
+
+ _1 V_. The hand of the diligent shall bear rule;
+ _2 V_. but the slothful shall be under tribute.
+
+ _1 V_. A wise son heareth his father's instruction;
+ _2 V_. but a scorner heareth not rebuke.
+
+ _1 V_. He that keepeth his mouth, keepeth his life;
+ _2 V_. but he that openeth wide his lips, shall have destruction.
+
+ _1 V_. A scorner seeketh wisdom, and findeth it not;
+ _2 V_. but knowledge is easy unto him that understandeth.
+
+ _1 V_. There is a way which seemeth right unto a man;
+ _2 V_. but the end thereof are the ways of death.
+
+ _1 V_. A wise man feareth, and departeth from evil;
+ _2 V_. but the fool rageth, and is confident.
+
+ _1 V_. The poor is hated even of his neighbor;
+ _2 V_. but the rich hath many friends.
+
+ _1 V_. He that oppresseth the poor, reproacheth his Maker;
+ _2 V_. but he that honoreth Him, hath mercy on the poor.
+
+ _1 V_. He that is slow to wrath, is of great understanding;
+ _2 V_. but he that is hasty in spirit, exalteth folly.
+
+ _1 V_. A soft answer turneth away wrath;
+ _2 V_. but grievous words stir up anger.
+
+ _1 V_. He that walketh with wise men, shall be wise;
+ _2 V_. but a companion of fools shall be destroyed.
+
+ _1 V_. Counsel in the heart of man is like deep water;
+ _2 V_. but a man of understanding will draw it out.
+
+ _1 V_. The wicked is driven away in his wickedness;
+ _2 V_. but the righteous hath hope in his death.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXI.
+
+ IM PRES' SION, idea; notion.
+ AT TRAC' TIONS, allurements.
+ SA TI' E TY, excessive fullness.
+ SAT' ED, glutted; satiated.
+ PAM' PER ED, over-fed.
+ SUC' CU LENT, full of sap; juicy.
+ UM BRA' GEOUS, shady.
+ GOR' GEOUS, showy; brilliant.
+ DREAR' I NESS, gloominess.
+ REG' IS TER, record; note down.
+ SUG GEST' IVE, giving signs.
+ DEC LA RA' TION, announcement.
+ EX TREM' I TIES, ends.
+ DRA' PER Y, hangings; decorations.
+ EN CHANT' MENT, charms; fascination.
+ FRET' TED, furnished with frets, of ornamental raised work.
+ DEC O RA' TIONS, adornments.
+
+[Headnote 1: AR' A BESQUES, is a word, denoting ornaments after the
+Arabian manner, often intricate and fantastic, from the intermingling
+of foliage, fruits, &c., with other objects real or imaginary.]
+
+
+WINTER BEAUTY.
+
+HENRY WARD BEECHER.
+
+1. It is the impression of many, that only in summer, including spring
+and autumn, of course, is the _country_ desirable as a residence. The
+country in summer, and the city for the winter. It is true, that the
+winter gives attractions to the city, in endless meetings, lectures,
+concerts, and indoor amusements; but it is not true that the country
+loses all interest when the leaves are shed and the grass is gone. On
+the contrary, to one who has learned how to use his senses and his
+sensibilities, there are attractions in the winter of a peculiar kind,
+and pleasures which can be reaped only then.
+
+2. It appears to me, that winter comes in to relieve the year of
+satiety. The mind grows sated with greenness. After eight or nine months
+of luxuriant growths, the eye grows accustomed to vegetation. To be
+sure, we never are less pleased with the wide prospect; with forms of
+noble trees, with towns and meadows, and with the whole aspect of
+nature. But it is the pleasure of one pampered. We lose the keen edge of
+hunger. The eye enjoys, without the relish of newness. We expect to
+enjoy. Every thing loses surprise.
+
+3. Of course, the sky is blue, the grass succulent, the fields green,
+the trees umbrageous, the clouds silent and mysterious. They were so
+yesterday, they are so to-day, they will be so to-morrow, next week,
+next month. In short, the mind does not cease to feel the charm of
+endless growths; but needs variety, change of diet, less of perpetual
+feasting, and something of the blessings of a fast. _This_ winter gives.
+It says to us: You have had too much. You are luxurious and dainty. You
+need relief and change of diet.
+
+4. The cold blue of the sky, the cold gray of rocks, the sober warmth of
+browns and russets, take the place of more gorgeous colors. If, now, one
+will accept this change in the tone of nature, after a time a new and
+relishful pleasure arises. The month formed by the last fortnight of
+November and the first two weeks of December, is, to me, the saddest of
+the year. It most nearly produces the sense of desolateness and
+dreariness of any portion of the year.
+
+5. From the hour that the summer begins to shorten its days, and
+register the increasing change along the horizon, over which the sun
+sets, farther and farther toward the south, we have a genial and gentle
+sadness. But sadness belongs to all very deep joys. It is almost as
+needful to the perfectness of joy, as shadows in landscapes are to the
+charm of the picture. Then, too, comes the fading out of flowers,--each
+variety in its turn, saying, "Farewell till next summer."
+
+6. Scarcely less suggestive of departing summer are the new-comers, the
+late summer golden-rod, the asters, and all autumnal flowers. Long
+experience teaches us that these are the latest blossoms that fall from
+the sun's lap, and next to them is snow. By association we already see
+white in the yellow and blue. Then, too, birds are thinking of other
+things. No more nests, no more young, no more songs,--except
+signal-notes and rallying-calls; for they are evidently warned, and go
+about their little remaining daily business, as persons who expect every
+hour to depart to a distant land.
+
+7. It is scarcely ever that we see the birds _go_. They are here to-day,
+and gone to-morrow. They disappear without observation. The fields are
+empty and silent. It seems as if the winds had blown them away with the
+leaves. The first sight of northern waterfowl, far up in the air,
+retreating from Labrador and the short, Arctic summer, is always to us
+like the declaration: "Summer is gone; winter is behind us; it will soon
+be upon you." At last come the late days of November. All is
+gone,--frosts reap and glean more sharply every night.
+
+8. A few weeks bring earnest winter. Then begin to dawn other delights.
+The bracing air, the clean snow-paths, the sled and sleigh, the
+revelation of forms that all summer were grass-hidden; the
+sharp-outlined hills lying clear upon the sky; the exquisite tracery of
+trees,--especially of all such trees as that dendral child of God, the
+elm, whose branches are carried out into an endless complexity of fine
+lines of spray, and which stands up in winter, showing in its whole
+anatomy, that all its summer shade was founded upon the most substantial
+reality.
+
+9. In winter, too, particularly in the latter periods of it, the
+extremities of shrubs and branches begin to take on ruddy hues, or
+purplish browns, and the eye knows that these are the first faint
+blushes of coming summer. Now, too, we find how beautiful are the mosses
+in the woods; and under them we find solitary green leaves, that have
+laughed all winter because they had outwitted the frost.
+
+10. Wherever flowing springs gush from sheltered spots looking south,
+one will find many green edges, young grass, and some few tougher
+leaves. Now, too, in still days, the crow swings heavily through the
+air, cawing with a pleasing harshness. For dieting has performed its
+work. Your appetite is eager. A little now pleases you more than
+abundance did in August. Every tiny leaf is to you like a cedar of
+Lebanon.
+
+11. All these things are unknown to dwellers in cities. It is nothing to
+them that a robin appeared for the first time yesterday morning, or that
+a blue-bird sang over against the house. Some new _prima-donna_ [Footnote:
+The first female singer in an opera.] exhausts their admiration. They are
+yet studying laces, and do not care for the of swamps, for the first
+catkins of the willow. They are still coveting the stores of precious
+stones at the jewelers, and do not care for my ruby buds, and red
+dogwood, and scarlet winter berries, and ground pine, and partridge-berry
+leaves.
+
+12. There is one sight of the country, at about this time of the
+year--the first of March--that few have seen, or else they have passed
+it by as if it were not worthy of record. I mean the drapery of rocks in
+gorges, or along precipitous sides of hills or mountains. The seams of
+rocks are the outlets of springs. The water, trickling through, is
+seized by the frost, and held fast in white enchantment. Every day adds
+to the length of the ice drapery; and, as the surface is overlaid by new
+issuings, it is furred and fretted with silver-white chasings, the most
+exquisite.
+
+13. Thus, one may find a succession, in a single gorge, of extraordinary
+ice-curtains, and pendent draperies, of varying lengths, of every
+fantastic form, of colors varying by thickness, or by the tinge of earth
+or rock shining through them. In my boyhood, I used to wander along
+these fairy halls, imagining them to be now altars in long, white
+draperies; now, grand cathedral pillars of white marble; then, long
+tapestries chased in white, with arabesques [Headnote 1] and crinkled
+vines and leaves.
+
+14. Sometimes they seemed like gigantic bridal decorations, or like the
+robes of beings vast and high, hung in their wardrobes while they slept.
+But, whatever fancy interpreted them, or whether they were looked upon
+with two good, sober, literal eyes, they were, and still are, among the
+most delightful of winter exhibitions, to those who are wise enough to
+search out the hidden beauty of winter in the country.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What are some of the attractions of winter in the city?
+2. What are some of the delights of winter in the country? 3. What is
+said of the drapery of rocks? 4. What did the writer imagine them to be,
+in boyhood?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXII.
+
+ UN SUL' LIED, pure; clear.
+ PHE NOM' E NON, appearance.
+ TRANS PAR' EN CY, clearness.
+ AS TON' ISH ING, amazing.
+ RAM I FI CA' TION, branch, or branching out.
+ IN DE SCRIB' A BLY, beyond description.
+ MA JES' TIC, grand.
+ OC CA' SION AL, occurring at times.
+ IM PRESS'IVE, powerful; effective.
+ IN TER SECT' ING, meeting and crossing.
+ PEN' E TRA TING, piercing.
+ E' THER, thin or refined air.
+ CON GEAL' ED, frozen.
+ BUR' NISH ING, brightening.
+ EN GEN' DER ED, produced.
+ EM' BLEM, symbol.
+ CON TEM PLA' TION, meditation.
+ EL E VA' TION, loftiness.
+
+
+FROSTED TREES.
+
+1.
+ "Ere yet the clouds let fall the treasured snow,
+ Or winds begun their hazy skies to blow,
+ At evening, a keen eastern breeze arose,
+ And the descending rain unsullied froze.
+ Soon as the silent shades of night withdrew,
+ The ruddy morn disclosed at once to view
+ The face of Nature in a rich disguise,
+ And brightened every object to my eyes.
+ For every shrub, and every blade of grass,
+ And every pointed thorn, seemed wrought in glass."
+
+2. Since Sunday, [Feb. 1st, 1852,] we have had presented to our view,
+the beautiful phenomenon of FROSTED TREES, the most astonishing and
+brilliant that I ever remember to have noticed. The previous storm and
+mist had thickly covered every exposed object,--the loftiest trees, the
+minutest blade, hill and dale, with the icy garment. This transparency
+was most perfect, defining every form and ramification into exact models
+of the entire body, branch, or limb.
+
+3. Dwellings and barns were incrusted by the chilling vapor. It hung
+upon the manes of the cattle, and decorated, wherever seen, the humble
+grass, which appeared bending, like threads of crystal. The small bushes
+were indescribably beautiful, and seemed as if chiseled out of the
+whitest marble. As far as the eye could extend, over brooks, fields, and
+woods, the same striking and singular sight was universal.
+
+4. I could not remain contented in the house, and toward sunset,
+hastened away, where the view might be free and uninterrupted. Here, the
+scene, if possible, was more impressive and interesting. There was
+scarcely a breath of air, and the general silence was only interrupted
+by the occasional flight of some winter bird, which, alighting on a
+limb, would shake down a thousand feathery showers, until he seemed
+frightened at the unusual sound. The forest trees made a truly majestic
+appearance, with their naked, giant arms and mossy branches intersecting
+each other, and fast bound by the frozen barriers.
+
+5. I shall not attempt to describe the brilliancy of the undergrowth and
+dwarf trees, upon whose limbs hung a delicate frosting, like unwrought
+silver, nor the crimson glow of the holly-berries through their
+transparent and icy covering,--all, all was a dazzling and splendid
+winter array,
+
+ "That buries wide the works of man."
+
+It brought to my mind some of the Eastern fairy tales, and their gardens
+ornamented with shrubs and plants of sparkling crystals.
+
+6. The exposed sides of the rocks and fences were completely iced over,
+not the smallest particle escaping the penetrating and congealed ether.
+It was truly astonishing to examine its thickness. On some twigs, not
+larger than a wheat straw, the ice measured half an inch through. One
+would scarcely imagine what an immense weight of the frozen mass a tree
+will sustain, before it breaks under the unusual load. Many branches
+were bent so low that I could reach them with my hands; and, shaking off
+their frosted barks, they would instantly spring far above my reach.
+Every few minutes, I was startled by the rattling noise of these falling
+icicles from some neighboring tree or grove.
+
+7. Just when the sun went down, there was not a single cloud to be seen
+in the horizon, and his cold, bright, setting rays brought out, on every
+hand, frozen gems, diamonds, rubies, and sapphires, in every possible
+prismatic beauty, wherever his departing beams fell. Presently the moon
+bathed the whitened earth, and every congealed drop, in her soft light,
+burnishing, with dazzling icy brilliancy, trees, dwellings, and streams.
+I am an ardent lover of Nature and her scenery, and have often,
+delighted, gazed upon the Queen of Night; but _never_ did I behold such
+a brilliant moonlight night as this.
+
+8. Who could help bringing to mind the sublimities of Job and of
+David,--"The hoary frost of heaven, who hath engendered it? The waters
+are hid, as with a stone, and the face of the deep is frozen."--"By the
+breath of the Mighty God, ice is produced, and the waters which were
+spread on all sides, are held in chains." The Psalmist says, "He giveth
+the snow like wool, He scattereth the hoar-frost like ashes. Wash me,
+and I shall be whiter than snow."--Well may poets look to the falling
+snow-flake for their images of purity and innocence, ere it receives the
+stain of earth. I know of no litter emblem.
+
+9. Such a winter's night! _and the skies! the skies!_ So resplendent in
+brightness are the hosts of heaven at this moment, that they should be
+contemplated by every lover and student of the works of God. Their
+numbers who can count,--their twinkling beauty who can describe, as
+onward they roll in the deep blue of midnight? In their contemplation
+are inspired "thoughts that wander through eternity," with an elevation
+of feeling, as if we were separated from the toils and tumults of earth,
+and exalted into a higher state of being than that in which we toiled
+through the day! These heavens tell us of a WISDOM and POWER we can not
+search or estimate. There we seem to stand more immediately in the
+vailed presence of the Infinite Majesty, who "laid the foundations of
+the earth, when the morning stars sang together, and all the sons of God
+shouted for joy."
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Describe the appearance of frosted trees. 2. What is
+said of the appearance of shrubs, bushes, &c.? 3. What, of the weight
+sustained by a single tree? 4. What was the appearance at sunset?
+5. What passages of Scripture did the scene bring to mind? 6. Of what
+is the snowflake an emblem? 7. What is said of the skies?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXIII.
+
+ SPLEN' DOR, brightness; glory.
+ E TER' NAL LY, everlastingly.
+ WAY'-WEA RY, tired; fatigued.
+ GAZE, eager look.
+ EV' ER GREEN, always green.
+ LONG' ED, earnestly desired.
+ RE POSE, rest; quietude.
+ RAN' SOM ED, redeemed.
+ PAL' ACE, mansion; abode.
+ UN CEAS' ING LY, constantly.
+
+
+THE MOUNTAINS OF LIFE.
+
+JAMES G. CLARK.
+
+1. There's a land far away, 'mid the stars, we are told,
+ Where they know not the sorrows of time,--
+ Where the pure waters wander through valleys of gold,
+ And life is a treasure sublime;
+ 'Tis the land of our God, 'tis the home of the soul,
+ Where the ages of splendor eternally roll,--
+ Where the way-weary traveler reaches his goal,
+ On the evergreen Mountains of Life.
+
+2. Our gaze can not soar to that beautiful land,
+ But our visions have told of its bliss;
+ And our souls by the gale from its gardens are fanned,
+ When we faint in the desert of this;
+ And we sometimes have longed for its holy repose,
+ When our spirits were torn with temptations and woes,
+ And we've drank from the tide of the river that flows
+ From the evergreen Mountains of Life.
+
+3. Oh! the stars never tread the blue heavens at night,
+ But we think where the ransomed have trod;
+ And the day never smiles from his palace of light,
+ But we feel the bright smile of our God.
+ We are traveling homeward, through changes and gloom,
+ To a kingdom where pleasures unceasingly bloom,
+ And our guide is the glory that shines through the tomb,
+ From the evergreen Mountains of Life.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What is said of that land far away? 2. How do we know
+there is such a land? 3. Of what do the stars remind us?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXIV.
+
+ IM AG' IN A RY, not real.
+ AN TIC' I PATE, take beforehand.
+ PRE FER' RED, chosen.
+ OC CUR' RED, happened.
+ SUS TAIN', support; uphold.
+ PER MIT', allow.
+ IN VIS' I BLE, unseen.
+ EN CHAIN', bind; fasten.
+ FORE BOD' ING, dread of evil.
+ IN VEN' TION, contrivance.
+ CON FER' RED, bestowed.
+ AP PRE HEN' SION, dread; fear.
+
+
+IMAGINARY EVILS.
+
+CHARLES SWAIN.
+
+1. Let to-morrow take care of to-morrow;
+ Leave things of the future to fate;
+ What's the use to anticipate sorrow?
+ Life's troubles come never too late.
+ If to hope overmuch be an error,
+ 'Tis one that the wise have preferred;
+ And how often have hearts been in terror
+ Of evils that never occurred.
+
+2. Have faith, and thy faith shall sustain thee;
+ Permit not suspicion and care
+ With invisible bonds to enchain thee,
+ But bear what God gives thee to bear.
+ By His Spirit supported and gladdened,
+ Be ne'er by forebodings deterred;
+ But think how oft hearts have been saddened
+ By fears of what never occurred!
+
+3. Let to-morrow take care of to-morrow;
+ Short and dark as our life may appear,
+ We may make it still darker by sorrow,
+ Still shorter by folly and fear;
+ Half our troubles are half our invention,
+ And often from blessings conferred,
+ Have we shrunk in the wild apprehension
+ Of evils that never occurred!
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What is said of imaginary evils? 2. How may we be
+supported under trials? 3. What tends to shorten life? 4. Whence proceed
+half our troubles? 5. What rule for doubling the _r_ and _d_ in such
+words as _occurred_, _saddened_, &c.? See SANDERS' NEW SPELLER, page
+168, Rule II.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXV.
+
+ WASTE, desolate region.
+ PRO CEED', come forth.
+ CHASM, gap; opening.
+ COILS, folds; convolutions.
+ MAN I FEST, plain; evident.
+ PRE SERV' ER, protector.
+ AL LE' GI ANCE, duty; loyalty.
+ RAY, make bright; adorn.
+ EX PAND, swell; dilate.
+ FA' THER LAND, native land.
+ GUER DON, reward; recompense.
+ PROF' FER, offer; tender.
+ PIT' E OUS, mournful; sorrowful.
+ IM PET' U OUS LY, furiously.
+
+ AT TRACT', (AT, _to_; TRACT, _draw_;) draw to; allure.
+
+ IN VEST', (IN, _to_; VEST, _clothe_;) clothe in or with;
+ inclose; surround.
+
+ PRO TEST, (PRO, _before_; TEST, _witness_;) witness before;
+ openly declare.
+
+[Headnote 1: PY THON is the name of a large serpent, fabled to have been
+slain by the god Apollo.]
+
+
+SIR WALTER AND THE LION.
+
+A. WALCHNER.
+
+1. Sir Walter of Thurn, over the Syrian waste,
+ Rides away with a flowing rein;
+ But he hears a groan that checks his haste,
+ As if death were in the strain.
+ He spurs his steed
+ Whence the sounds proceed;
+ And there, from a rocky chasm, arise
+ Fierce cries of pain, that assail the skies;
+ And his horse uprears
+ In excess of fears,
+ As the glance of a lion attracts his eyes.
+
+2. Fierce struggling there in the monster folds
+ Of a serpent that round him twines;
+ Sir Walter a moment the scene beholds,
+ Then to save the beast inclines.
+ His good sword stout
+ From its sheath leaps out,
+ When down it falls on the Python's [Headnote 1] crest,
+ And cleaves the coils that the lion invest;
+ And the noble beast,
+ From its thrall released,
+ Shows grateful joy most manifest.
+
+3. He shakes his mane, and bends his form,
+ And licks his preserver's hand,
+ As if he yields allegiance warm
+ To his supreme command.
+ Like the faithful hound
+ To be constant found,
+ And follow his steps for evermore;
+ And thus he follows, on sea and shore,
+ In the battle's tide,
+ He stands by his side,
+ Or with him rests when the strife is o'er.
+
+4. In Palestine Sir Walter is known,--
+ Long years attest his fame;
+ And many brave deeds he there hath done,
+ That ray with glory his name;
+ But his heart doth expand
+ For the fatherland,
+ And he fain its pleasant scenes would see,
+ With his friendly lion for company;
+ But with fearful breast,
+ The sailors protest,
+ As they glanced at the beast and his majesty.
+
+5. Rich guerdon he proffers, and golden store;
+ But though the prize were great,
+ The sailors hurry away from the shore
+ As if from the doom of fate.
+ The poor beast moans
+ In piteous tones,
+ Then darts impetuously o'er the sands,--
+ Then looks to the ship, and mournfully stands;
+ Then plunges into the gloomy wave,
+ The perils of the depths to brave.
+ Already he nears the flying bark,
+ Already his roar of grief they hark;
+ But his strength is spent, and the sea is strong,
+ And he may not the fearful struggle prolong.
+ His dying glances are fondly cast
+ Along the track where the loved one passed;
+ Then sinks to his grave
+ Beneath the wave,
+ And the night and the ocean behold him the last.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What did Sir Walter discover as he was riding over the
+Syrian waste? 2. What did he do? 3. What did the lion do, after being
+released? 4. Did the sailors allow the lion to go on board the ship? 5.
+What did the lion then do? 6. What became of him?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXVI.
+
+ VAL' IANT, strong; courageous,
+ INC LI NA' TION, desire; tendency.
+ RE PLEN' ISH ED, filled up.
+ DIS SEV' ER, part; sunder.
+ SHIV' ER, dash to pieces.
+ EC STAT' IC, rapturous.
+ CON CLU' SION, result.
+ CON CEP' TION, thought; idea.
+ DEF' ER ENCE, respect.
+ PHYS I CAL, material.
+ AR' RANT, mere; vile.
+ TIME'-BAN DI ED, time-lost.
+ DE VEL' OP ED, brought out.
+ CON STEL LA' TIONS, clusters of stars.
+ DE SIGN ED, planned.
+ COM BIN' ED, united.
+
+ UNINTERRUPTED, (UN, _not_; INTER, _in between_; RUPTED,
+ _broken_;) not broken in between; unbroken.
+
+It is sometimes desirable to have each member of the class read a piece
+complete in itself. To answer this end, the following collection of
+brief, though beautiful productions, have been brought together all
+under one head.
+
+
+CHOICE EXTRACTS.
+
+
+I.
+
+WHAT REALLY BENEFITS US.
+
+It is not what we earn, but what we save, that makes us rich. It is not
+what we eat, but what we digest, that makes us strong. It is not what we
+read, but what we remember, that makes us learned. It is not what we
+intend, but what we do, that makes us useful. It is not a few faint
+wishes, but a life-long struggle, that makes us valiant.
+
+
+II.
+
+GOD'S LOVE.
+
+ There's not a flower that decks the vale,
+ There's not a beam that lights the mountain,
+ There's not a shrub that scents the gale,
+ There's not a wind that stirs the fountain,
+ There's not a hue that paints the rose,
+ There's not a leaf around us lying,
+ But in its use or beauty shows
+ God's love to us, and love undying!
+
+
+III.
+
+LIFE-WORK.
+
+To acquire a thorough knowledge of our own hearts and characters, to
+restrain every irregular inclination, to subdue every rebellious
+passion, to purify the motives of our conduct, to form ourselves to that
+temperance which no pleasure can seduce, to that meekness which no
+provocation can ruffle, to that patience which no affliction can
+overwhelm, and that integrity which no interest can shake; _this is the
+task which is assigned to us_,--a task which can not be performed
+without the utmost diligence and care.
+
+
+IV.
+
+HUMILITY.
+
+ The brightest stars are burning suns;
+ The deepest water stillest runs;
+ The laden bee the lowest flies;
+ The richest mine the deepest lies;
+ The stalk that's most replenished,
+ Doth bow the most its modest head.
+ Thus, deep Humility we find
+ The mark of every master-mind;
+ The highest-gifted lowliest bends,
+ And merit meekest condescends,
+ And shuns the fame that fools adore,--
+ That puff that bids a feather soar.
+
+
+V.
+
+BENEFITS OF ADVERSITY.
+
+A smooth sea never made a skillful mariner. Neither do uninterrupted
+prosperity and success qualify man for usefulness or happiness. The
+storms of adversity, like the storms of the ocean, rouse the faculties
+and excite the invention, prudence, skill, and fortitude of the voyager.
+
+
+VI.
+
+OUR MOUNTAIN HOMES.
+
+MRS. S.R.A. BARNES.
+
+ Why turn we to our mountain homes
+ With more than filial feeling?
+ 'Tis _here_ that Freedom's altars rise,
+ And Freedom's sons are kneeling!
+ Why sigh we not for softer climes?
+ Why cling to that which bore us?
+ _'Tis here we tread on Freedom's soil,_
+ _With Freedom's sunshine o'er us!_
+
+
+VII.
+
+MAKE A BEGINNING.
+
+If you do not begin, you will never come to the end. The first weed
+pulled up in the garden, the first seed set in the ground, the first
+dollar put in the savings-bank, and the first mile traveled on a
+journey, are all important things; they make a _beginning_, and thereby
+give a hope, a promise, a pledge, an assurance that you are in earnest
+in what you have undertaken. How many a poor, idle, erring, hesitating
+outcast is now creeping his way through the world, who might have held
+up his head and prospered, if, instead of putting off his resolutions of
+amendment and industry, he had only made a beginning!
+
+
+VIII.
+
+INFLUENCE.
+
+GEORGE W. BUNGAY.
+
+1. Drop follows drop, and swells
+ With rain the sweeping river;
+ Word follows word, and tells
+ A truth that lives forever.
+
+2. Flake follows flake, like sprites
+ Whose wings the winds dissever;
+ Thought follows thought, and lights
+ The realm of mind forever.
+
+3. Beam follows beam to cheer,
+ The cloud a bolt might shiver;
+ Throb follows throb, and fear
+ Gives place to joy forever.
+
+4. The drop, the flake, the beam,
+ Teach us a lesson ever;
+ The word, the thought, the dream
+ Impress the soul forever.
+
+
+IX.
+
+PLEASURE IN ACQUIRING KNOWLEDGE.
+
+CAROLINE F. ORNE.
+
+1. Note the ecstatic joy of the student, who has labored long over a
+problem or proposition, but finally comes to a logical conclusion; who
+has struggled with the misty darkness of his own mind, for a clear view
+of some difficult subject, until the clouds, one after another, have
+dispersed, and he beholds, with his mental vision, in bright and
+glorious light, the conception for which he labored. Think you he would
+exchange his joys for the pleasures of sense'? It is of a higher and
+more ennobling character, and not to be bartered for paltry wealth.
+
+2. What dignity and self-respect invest the man of thought! His very
+looks bespeak of mind. He is approached with deference, as a being of
+higher order in the scale of intelligence,--as one who has a right to
+command and be obeyed. For what moves mind, but mind? A strong
+intellect, coming in contact with one of less energy, will as naturally
+move it, as superior physical strength will overcome the weaker.
+
+
+X.
+
+WHAT IS FAME?
+
+MOTHERWELL.
+
+ What is glory`? What is fame`?
+ The echo of a long-lost name`;
+ A breath`, an idle hour's brief talk`;
+ The shadow of an arrant naught`;
+ A flower that blossoms for a day`,
+ Dying next morrow';
+ A stream that hurries on its way,
+ Singing of sorrow';
+ A fortune that to lose were gain`;
+ A word of praise, perchance of blame`;
+ The wreck of a time-bandied name`--
+ _Ay` this is glory`! this is fame`!_
+
+
+XI.
+
+CULTIVATED INTELLECT.
+
+Ah! well do we all know the worth of intelligence, the power of
+knowledge, and the beauty and glory of wisdom. It is _educated manhood_
+that wakes up the sleeping soil, covers the earth with good, that
+gathers in the golden harvest, that clothes the naked, that feeds the
+hungry. It is the _cultivated mind_ that applies the strength of the ox
+and the fleetness of the horse; that bridges the river, that turns to
+use the flying winds, that makes the lightning its swift messenger, that
+makes beautiful palaces of dull clay, that rouses the dead ore to active
+life, that covers the sea with ships, and the land with mighty engines
+of wealth. It is the _developed intellect_ that flies through the upper
+air, that mingles with the stars, that follows the moon in her course,
+that overtakes the constellations in their orbits, that weighs the sun,
+that measures the distance to the polar star. It is the _enlightened
+soul_ that worships God.
+
+
+XII.
+
+GOD'S WORKS ATTEST HIS GREATNESS.
+
+MRS. OPIE.
+
+1. There's not a leaf within the bower;
+ There's not a bird upon the tree;
+ There's not a dew-drop on the flower,
+ But bears the impress, Lord, of Thee.
+
+2. Thy hand the varied leaf designed,
+ And gave the bird its thrilling tone;
+ Thy power the dewdrop's tints combined,
+ Till like the diamond's blaze they shone.
+
+3. Yes, dewdrops, leaves, and buds, and all
+ The smallest, like the greatest things,--
+ The sea's vast space, the earth's wide ball,
+ Alike proclaim Thee King of kings.
+
+4. But man alone to bounteous Heaven,
+ Thanksgiving's conscious strains can raise;
+ To favored man alone 'tis given
+ To join the angelic choir in praise!
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXVII.
+
+ MO NOT' O NOUS, dull; uniform.
+ HAR POON', barbed spear.
+ AG' I TA TED, disturbed.
+ RE VER' BER ATES, rebounds; re-echoes.
+ WRITHES, twists, or or turns in agony.
+ CON TOR' TIONS, twistings; writhings.
+ VE LOC' I TY, swiftness.
+ IG NITES', takes fire.
+ FRIC' TION, rubbing together.
+ COILS, winds into a ring.
+ PRO JECT' ED, thrown out or forward.
+ VO CIF' ER A TED, shouted.
+ IN FU' RI A TED, enraged.
+ UN RE LENT' ING, unfeeling.
+ CON VUL' SIONS, violent spasms.
+ REN COUN' TER, fight; conflict.
+
+
+CAPTURE OF THE WHALE.
+
+1. Let the reader suppose himself on the deck of a South-seaman,
+cruising in the North Pacific ocean. He may be musing over some past
+event, the ship may be sailing gently along over the smooth ocean, every
+thing around solemnly still, with the sun pouring its intense rays with
+dazzling brightness. Suddenly the monotonous quietude is broken by an
+animated voice from the masthead, exclaiming, _"There he spouts!"_
+
+2. The captain starts on deck in an instant, and inquires _"Where
+away?"_ but, perhaps, the next moment every one aloft and on deck, can
+perceive an enormous whale lying about a quarter of a mile from the
+ship, on the surface of the sea, having just come up to breathe,--his
+large "hump" projecting three feet out of the water. At the end of every
+ten seconds, the spout is seen rushing from the fore part of his
+enormous head, followed by the cry of every one on board, who join in
+the chorus of _"There again!"_ keeping time with the duration of the
+spout.
+
+3. But, while they have been looking, a few seconds have expired. They
+rush into the boats, which are directly lowered to receive them; and in
+two minutes from the time of first observing the whale, three or four
+boats are down, and are darting through the water with their utmost
+speed toward their intended victim, perhaps accompanied with a song from
+the headsman, who urges the quick and powerful plying of the oar, with
+the common whaling chant of
+
+ "Away, my boys, away, my boys, 'tis time for us to go."
+
+4. But, while they are rushing along, the whale is breathing; they have
+yet, perhaps, some distance to pull before they can get a chance of
+striking him with the harpoon. His "spoutings are nearly out," he is
+about to descend, or he hears the boats approaching. The few sailors
+left on board, and who are anxiously watching the whale and the gradual
+approach of the boats, exclaim, _"Ah, he is going down!"_ Yet he spouts
+again, but slowly, the water is seen agitated around him; the spectators
+on board with breathless anxiety think they perceive him rising in
+preparation for his descent. _"He will be lost!"_ they exclaim; for the
+boats are not yet near enough to strike him, and the men are still
+bending their oars in each boat with all their strength, to claim the
+honor of the first blow with the harpoon.
+
+5. The bow-boat has the advantage of being the nearest to the whale; the
+others, for fear of disturbing the unconscious monster, are now ordered
+to drop astern. One more spout is seen slowly curling forth,--it is his
+last; but the boat shoots rapidly alongside of the gigantic creature.
+_"Peak your oars!"_ exclaims the mate, and directly they flourish in the
+air; the glistening harpoon is seen above the head of the harpooner. In
+an instant it is darted with unerring force and aim, and is buried
+deeply in the side of the huge animal. It is "socket up;" that is, it is
+buried in his flesh up to the socket which admits the handle or pole of
+the harpoon.
+
+6. A cheer from those in the boats, and from the seamen on board,
+reverberates along the still deep at the same moment. The sea, which a
+moment before was unruffled, now becomes lashed into foam by the immense
+strength of the wounded whale, which, with its vast tail, strikes in all
+directions at his enemies. Now his enormous head rises high into the
+air, then his flukes are seen lashing everywhere, his huge body writhes
+in violent contortions from the agony the harpoon has inflicted. The
+water all around him is a mass of foam, and the sounds of the blows from
+his tail on the surface of the sea, can be heard for miles!
+
+7. _"Stern all!"_ cries the headsman; but the whale suddenly disappears;
+he has "sounded;" the line is running through the groove at the head of
+the boat, with lightning-like velocity; it smokes; it ignites from the
+heat produced by the friction; but the headsman, cool and collected,
+pours water upon it as it passes. But an oar is now held up in their
+boat; it signifies that their line is rapidly running out; two hundred
+fathoms are nearly exhausted; up flies one of the other boats, and
+"bends on" another line, just in time to save that which was nearly
+lost.
+
+8. But still the monster descends; he is seeking to rid himself of his
+enemies by descending deeply into the dark and unknown depths of the
+vast ocean. Two more lines are exhausted,--he is _six hundred fathoms
+deep! "Stand ready to bend on!"_ cries the mate to the fourth boat; (for
+sometimes they take the whole four lines away with them,--_eight hundred
+fathoms!!_) but, it is not required, he is rising. _"Haul in the
+slack!"_ observes the headsman, while the boat-steerer coils it again
+carefully into the tubs as it is drawn up.
+
+9. The whale is now seen approaching the surface; the gurgling and
+bubbling water which rises, proclaims that he is near; his nose starts
+from the sea; the rushing spout is projected high and suddenly, from his
+agitation. The slack of the line is now coiled in the tubs, and those in
+the fast boat, haul themselves gently toward the whale. The boat-steerer
+places the headsman close to the fin of the trembling animal, who
+immediately buries his long lance in the vitals of the leviathan, while,
+at the same moment, those in one of the other boats, dart another
+harpoon into his opposite side. Then, _"Stern all!"_ is again
+vociferated, and the boats shoot rapidly away from the danger.
+
+10. Mad with the agony which he endures from these fresh attacks, the
+infuriated "sea monster" rolls over and over, and coils an amazing
+length of line around him. He rears his enormous head, and, with
+wide-expanded jaws, snaps at every thing around him. He rushes at the
+boats with his head,--they are propelled before him with vast swiftness,
+and sometimes utterly destroyed.
+
+11. He is lanced again,--and his pain appears more than he can bear. He
+throws himself, in his agony, completely out of his element; the boats
+are violently jerked, by which one of the lines is snapped asunder; at
+the same time the other boat is upset, and its crew are swimming for
+their lives. The whale is now free! he passes along the surface with
+remarkable swiftness, "going head out;" but the two boats that have not
+yet "fastened," and are fresh and free, now give chase.
+
+12. The whale becomes exhausted from the blood which flows from his deep
+and dangerous wounds, and the two hundred fathoms of line belonging to
+the overturned boat, which he is dragging after him through the water,
+checks him in his course; his pursuers again overtake him, and another
+harpoon is darted and buried deeply in his flesh.
+
+13. The fatal lance is, at length, given; the blood gushes from the
+nostrils of the unfortunate animal in a thick, black stream, which
+stains the clear blue water of the ocean to a considerable distance
+around the scene of the affray. The immense creature may now again
+endeavor to "sound," to escape from his unrelenting pursuers; but he is
+powerless. He soon rises to the surface, and passes slowly along until
+the death-pang seizes him, when his appearance is awful in the extreme.
+
+14. Suffering from suffocation, or from the stoppage of some important
+organ, the whole strength of his enormous frame is set in motion, for a
+few seconds, when his convulsions throw him into a hundred different
+contortions of the most violent description, by which the sea is beaten
+into foam, and boats are sometimes crushed to atoms, with their crews.
+
+15. But this violent action being soon over, the now unconscious animal
+passes rapidly along, describing in his rapid course the segment of a
+circle; this is his "flurry," which ends in his sudden dissolution. The
+mighty rencounter is finished. The gigantic animal rolls over on his
+side, and floats an inanimate mass on the surface of the crystal
+deep,--a victim to the tyranny and selfishness, as well as a wonderful
+proof of the _great power of the mind of man_.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. How are whales generally discovered? 2. Why do they come
+to the surface of the water? 3. How far do they sometimes descend in the
+ocean? 4. Describe the manner in which they are captured.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXVIII.
+
+ A'ER O NAUT, one who sails in the air.
+ RE DOUB LED, repeated.
+ MAG NIF I CENT, grand; splendid.
+ EL' E VA TED, raised; excited.
+ GON' DO LA, small boat.
+ BE GIRT', surrounded.
+ RO TA RY, turning; revolving.
+ IN TEN' SI TY, extreme degree.
+ A' ER OS TAT, air-balloon.
+ IN TER MI NA BLE, boundless.
+ VA' RI E GA TED, diversified; varied.
+ VERG' ING, tending; inclining.
+ OB LIQUE' LY, slantingly.
+ RES PI RA' TION, act of breathing.
+ ZE' NITH, point in the heavens directly over head.
+ MAN' DI BLES, jaws.
+ EU ROC' LY DON, tempestuous wind.
+
+
+LEAVES FROM AN AERONAUT.
+
+WILLIS GAYLORD CLARK.
+
+1. My hour had now come, and I entered the car. With a singular taste,
+the band struck up, at this moment, the melting air of "Sweet Home." It
+almost overcame me. A thousand associations of youth, friends, of all
+that I must leave, rushed upon my mind. But I had no leisure for
+sentiment. A buzz ran through the assemblage; unnumbered hands were
+clapping, unnumbered hearts beating high; and _I_ was the cause. Every
+eye was upon me. There was pride in the thought.
+
+2. "Let go!" was the word. The cheers redoubled; handkerchiefs waved
+from many a fair hand; bright faces beamed from every window, and on
+every side. One dash with my knife, and I rose aloft, a habitant of air.
+How magnificent was the sight which now burst upon me! How sublime were
+my sensations! I waved the flag of my country; the cheers of the
+multitude from a thousand housetops, reached me on the breeze; and a
+taste of the rarer atmosphere elevated my spirits into ecstasy.
+
+3. The city, with a brilliant sunshine striking the spires and domes,
+now unfolded to view a sight incomparably beautiful. My gondola went
+easily upward, cleaving the depths of heaven like a vital thing. A
+diagram placed before you, on the table, could not permit you to trace
+more definitely than I now could, the streets, the highways, basins,
+wharves, and squares of the town. The hum of the city arose to my ear,
+as from a vast bee-hive; and I seemed the monarch-bee, directing the
+swarm.
+
+4. I heard the rattling of carriages, the hearty _yo-heavo-s!_ of
+sailors from the docks that, begirt with spars, hemmed the city round. I
+was a spectator of all, yet aloof, and alone. Increasing stillness
+attended my way; and, at last, the murmurs of earth came to my ear like
+the vast vibrations of a bell. My car tilted and trembled, as I rose. A
+swift wind sometimes gave the balloon a rotary motion, which made me
+deathly sick for a moment; but strong emotion conquered all my physical
+ailings.
+
+5. My brain ached with the intensity of my rapture. Human sounds had
+fainted from my ear. I was in the abyss of heaven, and _alone_ with my
+God. I could tell my direction by the sun on my left; and, as his rays
+played on the aerostat, it seemed only a bright bubble, wavering in the
+sky, and I, a suspended mote, hung by chance to its train. Looking below
+me, the distant Sound and Long Island appeared to the east; the bay lay
+to the south, sprinkled with shipping; under me, the city, girded with
+bright rivers and sparry forests.
+
+6. The free wind was on my cheek, and in my locks; afar, the ocean
+rolled its long, blue waves, checkered with masses of shadow, and gushes
+of ruby sunlight; to the north and west, the interminable land,
+variegated like a map, dotted with purple, and green, and silver, faded
+to the eye. The atmosphere which I now breathed, seemed to dilate my
+heart at every breath. I uttered some audible expressions. My voice was
+weaker than the faintest sound of a reed. There was no object near to
+make it reverb or echo.
+
+7. My barometer now denoted an immense hight; and, as I looked upward
+and around, the concave above seemed like a mighty waste of purple air,
+verging to blackness. Below, it was lighter; but a long, lurid bar of
+cloud stretched along the west, temporarily excluding the sun. The
+shadows rushed afar into the void, and a solemn, Sabbath twilight
+reigned around. I was now startled by a fluttering in my gondola. It was
+my carrier-pigeon. I had forgotten him entirely. I attached a string to
+his neck, with a label, announcing my hight, then nearly four miles, and
+the state of the barometer.
+
+8. As he sat on the side of the car, and turned his tender eyes upon me
+in mute supplication, every feather shivering with apprehension, I felt
+that it was a guilty act to push him into the waste beneath. But it was
+done; he attempted to rise, but I out-sped him; he then fell obliquely,
+fluttering and moaning, till I lost him in the haze. My greatest
+altitude had not yet been reached. I was now five miles from _terra
+firma_. [Footnote: Solid earth.] I began to breathe with difficulty. The
+atmosphere was too rare for safe respiration.
+
+9. I pulled my valve-cord to descend. It refused to obey my hand. For a
+moment I was horror-struck. What was to be done? If I ascended much
+higher, the balloon would explode. I threw over some tissue paper to
+test my progress. It is well known that this will _rise_ very swiftly.
+It _fell_, as if blown downward by a wind from the zenith. I was going
+upward like an arrow. I attempted to pray, but my parched lips could not
+move. I seized the cord again, with desperate energy. Blessed Heaven! it
+moved.
+
+10. I threw out more tissue. It rose to me like a wing of joy. I was
+descending. Though far from sunset, it was now dark about me, except a
+track of blood-red haze in the direction of the sun. I encountered a
+strong current of wind; mist was about me; it lay like dew upon my coat.
+At last, a thick bar of vapor being past, what a scene was disclosed! A
+storm was sweeping through the sky, nearly a mile beneath; and I looked
+down upon an ocean of rainbows, rolling in indescribable grandeur, to
+the music of the thunder-peal, as it moaned afar and near, on the coming
+and dying wind.
+
+11. A frightened eagle had ascended through the tempest, and sailed for
+minutes by my side, looking at me with panting weariness, and quivering
+mandibles, but with a dilated eye, whose keen iris flashed unsubdued.
+Proud emblem of my country! As he fanned me with his heavy wing, and
+looked with a human intelligence at the car, my pulse bounded with
+exulting rapture. Like the genius of my native land, he had risen above
+every storm, unfettered and FREE.
+
+12. But my transports were soon at an end. He attempted to light on the
+balloon, and my heart sunk; I feared his huge claws would tear the silk.
+I pulled my cord; he rose, as I sank, and the blast swept him from my
+view in a moment. A flock of wild-fowl, beat by the storm, were coursing
+below, on bewildered pinions; and, as I was nearing them, I knew I was
+descending. A breaking rift now admitted the sun. The rainbows tossed
+and gleamed; chains of fleecy rack, shining in prismatic rays of gold,
+and purple, and emerald, "beautiful exceedingly," spread on every hand.
+
+13. Vast curtains of clouds pavilioned the immensity, brighter than
+celestial roses; masses of mist were lifted on high, like strips of
+living fire, more radiant than the sun himself, when his glorious
+noontide culminates from the equator. A kind of aerial Euroclydon now
+smote my car, and three of the cords parted, which tilted my gondola to
+the side, filling me with terror. I caught the broken cords in my hand,
+but could not tie them.
+
+14. The storm below was now rapidly passing away, and beneath its waving
+outline, to the south-east, I saw the ocean. Ships were speeding on
+their course, and their bright sails melting into distance; a rainbow
+hung afar; and the rolling anthems of the Atlantic came like celestial
+hymnings to my ear. Presently all was clear below me. The fresh air
+played around. I had taken a noble circuit; and my last view was better
+than the first, I was far over the bay, "afloating sweetly to the west."
+The city, colored by the last blaze of day, brightened remotely to the
+view.
+
+15. Below, ships were hastening to and fro through the Narrows, and the
+far country lay smiling like an Eden. Bright rivers ran like ribbons of
+gold and silver, till they were lost in the vast inland, stretching
+beyond the view; the gilded mountains were flinging their purple shadows
+over many a vale; bays were blushing to the farewell day-beams; and now
+I was passing over a green island. I sailed to the mainland; saw the
+tall, old trees waving to the evening breeze; heard the rural lowing of
+herds, and the welcome sound of human voices; and, finally, sweeping
+over forest-tops and embowered villages, at last, descended with the
+sun, among a kind-hearted, surprised, and hospitable community, in as
+pretty a town as one could desire to see, "safe and well."
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What demonstrations were made by the people as the
+aeronaut began to ascend? 2. How did the city and other objects appear
+to him? 3. What could he hear? 4. Describe the appearance of the ocean.
+5. What did he do with his carrier-pigeon? 6. How high did he ascend?
+7. Describe his descent. 8. What is said about the eagle that came near
+him? 9. Describe the appearance of the clouds beneath him.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXIX.
+
+ BOUN' TY, charity; favor.
+ FRU' GAL, prudent; economical.
+ FLOUR' ISH ED, thrived; prospered.
+ DIS CHARG' ED, performed.
+ BREED' ING, education.
+ EM BRAC' ED, accepted.
+ MAIN TAIN' ED, supported.
+ TRUDG' ED, traveled.
+ BE GUIL' ED, amused.
+ LE' GAL, lawful.
+ TWAIN, two.
+ BE WITCH' ING, charming.
+ YOUNK' ER, lad; youngster.
+ MED' I TA TIVE, thoughtful.
+ PRO VOK' ED, (PRO, _forward, forth_; VOKED, _called_;) called
+ forth; excited.
+ IN CLUDE', (IN, _in_; CLUDE, _shut_;) shut in; inclose.
+ IN SERT', (IN, _in_; SERT, _join, set_;) join, or set in; put in.
+
+
+THE DAPPLE MARE.
+
+JOHN G. SAXE.
+
+ 1. "Once on a time," as ancient tales declare,
+ There lived a farmer in a quiet dell
+ In Massachusetts, but exactly where,
+ Or when, is really more than I can tell,--
+ Except that quite above the public bounty,
+ He lived within his means and Bristol county.
+
+ 2. By patient labor and unceasing care,
+ He earned, and so enjoyed, his daily bread;
+ Contented always with his frugal fare,
+ Ambition to be rich ne'er vexed his head;
+ And thus unknown to envy, want, or wealth,
+ He flourished long in comfort, peace, and health.
+
+ 3. The gentle partner of his humble lot,
+ The joy and jewel of his wedded life,
+ Discharged the duties of his peaceful cot,
+ Like a true woman and a faithful wife;
+ Her mind improved by thought and useful reading,
+ Kind words and gentle manners showed her breeding.
+
+ 4. Grown old, at last, the farmer called his son,
+ The youngest, (and the favorite I suppose,) And said,--
+ "I long have thought, my darling John,
+ 'Tis time to bring my labors to a close;
+ So now to toil I mean to bid adieu,
+ And deed, my son, the homestead-farm to you."
+
+ 5. The boy embraced the boon with vast delight,
+ And promised, while their precious lives remained,
+ He'd till and tend the farm from morn till night,
+ And see his parents handsomely maintained;
+ God help him, he would never fail to love, nor
+ Do aught to grieve his gen'rous old gov'nor.
+
+ 6. The farmer said,--"Well, let us now proceed,
+ (You know there's always danger in delay,)
+ And get 'Squire Robinson to write the deed;
+ Come,--where's my staff?--we'll soon be on the way."
+ But John replied, with tender, filial care,
+ "You're old and weak--I'll catch the Dapple Mare."
+
+ 7. The mare was saddled, and the old man got on,
+ The boy on foot trudged cheerfully along,
+ The while, to cheer his sire, the duteous son
+ Beguiled the weary way with talk and song.
+ Arrived, at length, they found the 'Squire at home,
+ And quickly told him wherefore they had come.
+
+ 8. The deed was writ in proper form of law,
+ With many a "foresaid," "therefore," and "the same,"
+ And made throughout without mistake or flaw,
+ To show that John had now a legal claim
+ To all his father's land--conveyed, given, sold,
+ Quit-claimed, et cetera,[Footnote 1]--to have and hold.
+
+ 9. Their business done, they left the lawyer's door,
+ Happier, perhaps, than when they entered there;
+ And started off as they had done before,--
+ The son on foot, the father on the mare.
+ But ere the twain a single mile had gone,
+ A brilliant thought occurred to Master John.
+
+10. Alas for truth!--alas for filial duty!--
+ Alas that Satan in the shape of pride,
+ (His most bewitching form save that of beauty,)
+ Whispered the lad--"My boy, you ought to ride!"
+ "Get off!" exclaimed the younker--"'t isn't fair
+ That you should always ride the Dapple Mare!"
+
+11. The son was lusty, and the sire was old,
+ And so, with many an oath and many a frown,
+ The hapless father did as he was told;
+ The man got off the steed, the boy got on,
+ And rode away as fast as she could trot,
+ And left his sire to trudge it home on foot!
+
+12. That night, while seated round the kitchen fire
+ The household sat, cheerful as if no word
+ Or deed, provoked the injured father's ire,
+ Or aught to make him sad had e'er occurred,--
+ Thus spoke he to his son: "We quite forgot,
+ I think, t'include that little turnip lot!"
+
+13. "I'm very sure, my son, it wouldn't hurt it,"
+ Calmly observed the meditative sire,
+ "To take the deed, my lad, and just insert it;"
+ Here the old man inserts it--_in the fire!_
+ Then cries aloud with most triumphant air,
+ "Who now, my son, shall ride the Dapple Mare?"
+
+[Footnote 1: And so forth.]
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What proposition did the father make to his son? 2. What
+did the son promise to do? 3. How did the son treat his father after he
+got the deed? 4. What did the old gentleman do?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXX.
+
+ HARD' I HOOD, bravery.
+ MAIN TRUCK, small cap at the top of a flagstaff or masthead.
+ A GHAST', horrified.
+ GROUPS, clusters; crowds.
+ PAL' LID, pale.
+ LU' RID, dismal; gloomy.
+ HUE, color.
+ RIV' ET TED, firmly fixed.
+ FOLD' ED, embraced; clasped.
+
+
+A LEAP FOR LIFE.
+
+GEORGE P. MORRIS.
+
+1. Old Ironsides at anchor lay,
+(sl.) In the harbor of Mahon [Footnote 1];
+ A dead calm rested on the bay,--
+ The waves to sleep had gone,--
+ When little Jack,[Footnote 2] the captain's son,
+ With gallant hardihood,
+ Climbed shroud and spar,--and then upon
+ The main-truck rose and stood!
+
+2. A shudder ran through every vein,--
+ All eyes were turned on high!
+ There stood the boy, with dizzy brain,
+ Between the sea and sky!
+ No hold had he above,--below,
+ Alone he stood in air!
+ At that far hight none dared to go,--
+ No aid could reach him there.
+
+3. We gazed,--but not a man could speak;
+ With horror all aghast,
+ In groups, with pallid brow and cheek,
+ We watched the quivering mast!
+ The atmosphere grew thick and hot,
+ And of a lurid hue,
+ As, riveted unto the spot,
+ Stood officers and crew.
+
+4. The father came on deck. He gasped,
+ "O God, Thy will be done!"
+ Then suddenly a rifle grasped,
+ And aimed it at his son!
+ "Jump far out, boy, into the wave!
+ Jump, or I fire!" he said.
+ "That only chance your life can save:
+('') Jump! jump, boy!" He obeyed.
+
+5. He sank,--he rose,--he lived,--he moved,--
+ He for the ship struck out!
+ On board we hailed the lad beloved
+ With many a manly shout.
+ His father drew, in silent joy,
+ Those wet arms round his neck,
+ Then folded to his heart the boy,
+ And fainted on the deck!
+
+[Footnote 1: MA HON', (_Ma hone_,) a sea-port town on the island of
+Minorca, in the Mediterranean Sea.]
+
+[Footnote 2: A name commonly applied to a young sailor.]
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What did the captain's son do, on board the Ironsides? 2.
+Describe his situation. 3. What is said of the officers and crew? 4.
+What did the father say and do? 5. What did the boy do?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXXI.
+
+ COM MIN' GLE, mix or unite.
+ PE DES' TRI AN, traveler on foot.
+ PROM' I NENT, important.
+ TRAG' lC, fatal; mournful.
+ NAR RATE', tell; relate.
+ YORE, olden time.
+ WI' LY, craft; cunning.
+ RE LENT' LESS, hard-hearted; cruel.
+ WIG' WAM, Indian hut or cabin.
+ EM BARK' ED, went aboard.
+ TWANG, quick, sharp sound.
+ SPA' CIOUS, large; capacious.
+ WA' RI LY, cautiously.
+ MYS TE' RI OUS LY, strangely.
+ OM' IN OUS, foreboding ill.
+ IM PLA' CA BLE, relentless.
+ UN TRACE' A BLE, (UN, _not_; TRACE, _mark_; ABLE, _that can be_;)
+ that can not be marked, or traced; not found out.
+
+
+THE INDIAN BRIDE'S REVENGE.
+
+L.M. STOWELL.
+
+1. In the State of New York, where the dark, foaming waters of the Black
+River, after roaring and surging through many pleasant fields, beautiful
+groves, and dense woodlands, commingle with the clear, cold waters of
+Lake Ontario, the wandering pedestrian or the lone fisherman may see,
+resting upon a gravelly flat, the remains of an _old Indian canoe_,
+whose once beautiful proportions, now untraceable in its rottenness,
+bore a prominent part in the tragic event I am about to narrate.
+
+2. Through these pleasant valleys, among the broken hills, and in the
+majestic forests, of yore, the wily Indian and his dusky mate, held
+undisputed possession; and many are the incidents, yet unwritten, of
+tragic and thrilling interest, that transpired around the red men's
+camp-fire, ere the white man disturbed their forest homes.
+
+3. Si ous' ka, or the "Wild Flower," was the daughter of a powerful
+chief of the Onondagas, and the only being ever known to turn the
+relentless old chief from a savage purpose. Something of this influence
+was owing to her great beauty; but more to the gentleness of which that
+beauty was the emblem. Her downcast eye, her trembling lip, her quiet,
+submissive motion, all bespoke its language; and many were the young
+chieftains that sought to win her affections.
+
+4. Among her admirers were two young chiefs of the Oneidas, with whom
+the Onondagas were on the most friendly terms. Si ous' ka's father, in
+order to cherish the friendly feeling of the two tribes, and, at the
+same time, strengthen his power, besought her to accept the more
+powerful chief, "Eagle Eye." He did not plead in vain; for she had long
+loved the young Oneida.
+
+5. One bright sunny morning, in early spring, as the old chief was out
+hunting, the young Oneida crossed his path, upon which the old man
+advanced, and, laying his hand upon his shoulder, pointed to the
+dwelling of Si ous' ka. Not a word was spoken. The proud old man and the
+strong, young chief proceeded toward her wigwam, and entered together.
+
+6. Si ous' ka was seated in one corner, engaged upon some fancy
+basket-work, and did not notice their approach until they had entered.
+The old chief looked upon her with an expression of love, which his
+stern countenance never wore except in her presence. "Sious'ka," he said
+in a subdued tone, "Go to the wigwam of the Oneida, that your father's
+tribe may be strengthened, and many moons may shine upon their peace and
+prosperity."
+
+7. There was mingled joy and modesty in the upward glance of the "Wild
+Flower" of the Onondagas, and, when the young chief saw the light of her
+mild eye suddenly and timidly vailed by its deeply-fringed lid, he knew
+that her love had lost none of its power. The marriage song was soon
+sung in the royal wigwam, in which the sweet voice of Sious'ka was
+happily heard to mingle.
+
+8. When the rejected chief of the Oneidas heard that the "Wild Flower"
+had mated with the "Eagle Eye," his wrath knew no bounds, and he
+secretly resolved upon revenge. Two years passed away, and, as yet, no
+good opportunity had arrived; for he dared not attack "Eagle Eye" in
+open conflict, for fear of his superior powers; and, assassin-like, he
+sought to give the blow unperceived.
+
+9. At length, the spring came, and a number of the tribe prepared to
+visit Lake Ontario, on a fishing and hunting excursion. Among the number
+who went, were the "Eagle Eye," Sious'ka, and their little boy. They
+were obliged to carry their light, birchen canoes from home, and these
+were packed with the necessary tackle, skins for beds, &c. The strong
+men of the party carried the canoes on their shoulders, and the women
+the smaller articles of furniture.
+
+10. They had advanced across the country, until they reached the Black
+River, and, by carrying their canoes around falls and rapids, gently
+floated down the stream till they reached the great falls, about six
+miles from the Lake. Here they halted for the night, and encamped about
+half a mile above the falls.
+
+11. The morning came; and, as the first beam of the rising sun pierced
+the forest shade, the party again embarked in their canoes for the mouth
+of the river, the gaudy canoe of Si ous' ka, which her father had given
+her, taking the lead. They had scarcely started from the shore, ere the
+sharp twang of a bow-string was heard from the shore, and an unerring
+arrow pierced the heart of "Eagle Eye." He fell over the side of the
+canoe, and was swept by the current over the great falls.
+
+12. The party immediately started in pursuit of the coward murderer; but
+they sought in vain. His hiding-place was too sure,--he had taken refuge
+in a cave, the entrance of which was hid from observation by a thick
+clump of cedars. Here he remained till he was certain the company had
+departed. This cave is still there, and I have often been in its many
+chambers,--some of which are very spacious.
+
+13. The fatal shaft was winged from the bow of the revenged Oneida
+chief. Having been apprised of the expedition, he had warily dogged the
+steps of the party, until a favorable opportunity presented itself, and
+then satisfied his secret longing for revenge upon the enemy, whom he
+did not dare to attack even-handed. The party sought him far and near;
+but, as no trace of any one could be found, they imagined, with
+superstitious fear, that the "Great Spirit" had thus summoned "Eagle
+Eye" to the "Spirit's Hunting Ground."
+
+14. When they returned to their canoes, no traces of Si ous' ka and her
+child were to be found. They, too, had mysteriously disappeared, and the
+whole party, with ominous silence, hastened around the falls, and away
+from the fearful place. When Si ous' ka saw the fatal shaft pierce her
+companion, with, a fearful shriek she fell into the bottom of the canoe,
+hid herself in the furs, and immediately her reason forsook her.
+
+15. When she recovered, she found that her canoe, urged on by the
+current, had floated into a large cave, and was firmly wedged in between
+two rocks; and her little boy, with his bow and arrow in his hand, was
+quietly sleeping by her side. Dislodging the canoe, she plied the oars,
+and was soon outside the cave.
+
+16. On finding her people had left her, she sought the shore, and,
+fastening the canoe, proceeded below the falls, where she found the body
+of the ill-fated "Eagle Eye," where it had washed ashore. With
+superhuman strength, she bore the mangled body to a thick grove of
+cedars, and, with her own hands, dug a rude grave, and covered his
+remains with dried leaves and earth. That night she kept her lonely
+watch beside the grave of all that she held dear on earth, save her boy,
+intending to follow the party on the morrow.
+
+17. The morning came, and the mid-day sun began to descend toward the
+western hills, ere she left the grave of the murdered chief. But, at
+length, she sorrowfully departed; and, on arriving where she moored the
+canoe the day before, what was her surprise to see the murderer of her
+husband, quietly sleeping upon the skins where last "Eagle Eye" had
+reposed, in the bow of the canoe.
+
+18. From that moment Si ous' ka was changed. Her quiet, submissive air
+immediately gave place to fierce sternness, and the eye that had always
+beamed with the smile of love, shot forth flashes of bitter hate and
+passion, implacable as the most bloodthirsty of her tribe. Noiselessly
+throwing the oars from the boat, with a wild shriek, she quickly swung
+it around into the rapidly rolling current, and it was hurried toward
+the brink of that awful cataract, over which no living being had ever
+passed alive.
+
+19. The young chief, awakened by that fearful, exulting cry of revenge,
+and seeing the peril of his situation, leaped from the bark that was
+hurrying him to sure destruction, and vainly sought to gain the shore.
+After struggling with the swift tide for a moment, in which he was
+carried nearer and nearer the awful brink, he turned, and, with a wild,
+unearthly yell, plunged over, and the boiling waters only responded to
+his death-wail, as he sunk to rise no more, and his spirit joined that
+of his victim in the "Spirit Land."
+
+20. After the gentle "Wild Flower" had avenged the death of the "Eagle
+Eye," she returned to her father's wigwam, and spent the remainder of
+her life to the memory of her heart's first devotion. The canoe, all
+battered and broken, floated to the mouth of the river, bottom side up,
+where it was seen by one of the party while fishing, drawn to the shore,
+and left to decay. The party supposed that "Eagle Eye," Sious'ka, and
+her child, had all perished in some mysterious manner.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Who was Sious'ka? 2. Who became her husband? 3. What
+effect had her marriage upon the rejected Oneida chief? 4. In what way
+did he seek revenge? 5. How did Sious'ka avenge the death of her
+husband?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXXII.
+
+ EN TER TAIN' ED, had; harbored.
+ PE CUL IAR' I TY, something special.
+ CHA GRIN'ED, (_sha grin'ed_,) vexed.
+ MOR' TI FI ED, hurt in feeling.
+ OUT STRIP', go beyond; excel.
+ RI' VAL RY, emulation.
+ RE VERS' ES, troubles; difficulties.
+ IN VIG' OR A TED, made strong.
+ DES O LA' TION, waste; ruin.
+ REF' UGE, shelter; protection.
+ SYM' PA THIZ ED, (SYM, _with_; PATH, _feeling_; IZE, _make, have_;
+ ED, _did_;) did have feeling with. See Note on the suffix IZE,
+ p. 132 of the ANALYSIS.
+
+[Headnote 1: SIS' ER A, captain of the army of the Canaanitish king,
+Jabin. He was utterly defeated by Barak. Fleeing on foot, he took refuge
+in the tent of Jael, wife of Heber. There, while asleep, Jael drove a
+nail through his temples, and so he died. His mother, finding he did not
+return from the battle, "looked out at a window, and cried through the
+lattice, Why is his chariot so long in coming?" Read 4th and 5th
+chapters of Judges.]
+
+
+A MOTHER'S LOVE.
+
+ALBERT BARNES.
+
+1. Many of us who are advanced beyond the period of childhood, went out
+from home to embark on the stormy sea of life. Of the feelings of a
+father, and of his interest in our welfare, we have never entertained a
+doubt, and our home was dear because he was there; but there was a
+peculiarity in the feeling that it was the home of our mother. Where
+_she_ lived, there was a place that we felt was _home_. There was _one
+place_ where we would always be welcome, _one place_ where we would be
+met with a smile, _one place_ where we would be sure of a friend.
+
+2. The world might be indifferent to us. We might be unsuccessful in our
+studies or our business. The new friends which we supposed we had made,
+might prove to be false. The honor which we thought we deserved, might
+be withheld from us. We might be chagrined and mortified by seeing a
+rival outstrip us, and bear away the prize which we sought. But there
+_was_ a place where no feelings of rivalry were found, and where those
+whom the world overlooked, would be sure of a friendly greeting. Whether
+pale and wan by study, care, or sickness, or flushed with health and
+flattering success, we were _sure_ that we should be welcome there.
+
+3. Though the world was cold toward us, yet there was _one_ who always
+rejoiced in our success, and always was affected in our reverses; and
+there was a _place_ to which we might go back from the storm which began
+to pelt us, where we might rest, and become encouraged and invigorated
+for a new conflict. So have I seen a bird, in its first efforts to fly,
+leave its nest, and stretch its wings, and go forth to the wide world.
+But the wind blew it back, and the rain began to fall, and the darkness
+of night began to draw on, and there was no shelter abroad, and it
+sought its way back to its nest, to take shelter beneath its mother's
+wings, and to be refreshed for the struggles of a new day; but then it
+flew away to think of its nest and its mother no more.
+
+4. But not thus did we leave our home when we bade adieu to it to go
+forth alone to the manly duties of life. Even amidst the storms that
+then beat upon us, and the disappointments that we met with, and the
+coldness of the world, we felt still that there _was one_ who
+sympathized in our troubles, as well as rejoiced in our success, and
+that, whatever might be abroad, when we entered the door of her
+dwelling, we should be met with a smile. We expected that a mother, like
+the mother of Sisera [Headnote 1], as she "looked out at her window,"
+waiting for the coming of her son laden with the spoils of victory,
+would look out for _our_ coming, and that _our_ return would renew her
+joy and ours in our earlier days.
+
+5. It makes a sad desolation when, from such a place, a mother is taken
+away, and when, whatever may be the sorrows or the successes in life,
+she is to greet the returning son or daughter no more. The home of our
+childhood may be still lovely. The old family mansion--the green
+fields--the running stream--the moss-covered well--the trees--the
+lawn--the rose--the sweet-brier--may be there. Perchance, too, there may
+be an aged father, with venerable locks, sitting in his loneliness, with
+every thing to command respect and love; but she is not there. Her
+familiar voice is not heard. The mother has been borne forth to sleep by
+the side of her children who went before her, and the place is not what
+it was.
+
+6. There may be those there whom we much love; but _she_ is not there.
+We may have formed new relations in life, tender and strong as they can
+be; we may have another home, dear to us as was the home of our
+childhood, where there is all in affection, kindness, and religion, to
+make us happy; but _that_ home is not what it was, and it will _never_
+be what it was again. It is a loosening of one of the cords which bound
+us to earth, designed to prepare us for our eternal flight from every
+thing dear here below, and to teach us that there is _no_ place here,
+that is to be our permanent home.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What renders home doubly endearing? 2. Where are we
+always welcome? 3. Who always rejoices in our successes, and is affected
+in our reverses? 4. Who was Sisera, and what account is given of him?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXXIII.
+
+ UN SPOT' TED, pure; unstained.
+ FAL' TER, fail.
+ TRA' CER Y, traces; impressions.
+ IM' PRESS, mark: stamp.
+ DO MIN' ION, authority; predominance.
+ SHRINK, withdraw.
+ PUR SU' ING, following.
+ STERN ER, harsher; more rigid.
+ DE FY', dare; challenge.
+ WHO' SO, any person whatever.
+ TO' KEN, sign; indication.
+ BROTH' ER HOOD, fraternity.
+
+
+THE LIFE-BOOK.
+
+HOME JOURNAL.
+
+1. Write, mother, write!
+ A new, unspotted book of life before thee,
+ Thine is the hand to trace upon its pages
+ The first few characters, to live in glory,
+ Or live in shame, through long, unending ages!
+ Write, mother, write!
+ Thy hand, though woman's, must not faint nor falter:
+ The lot is on thee,--nerve thee then with care,--
+ A _mother's tracery_ time may never alter;
+ Be its first impress, then, the breath of prayer!
+ Write, mother, write!
+
+2. Write, father, write!
+ Take thee a pen plucked from an eagle's pinion,
+ And write _immortal actions_ for thy son;
+ Teach him that man forgets man's high dominion,
+ Creeping on earth, leaving _great deeds_ undone!
+ Write, father, write!
+ Leave on his life-book a fond father's blessing,
+ To shield him 'mid temptation, toil, and sin.
+ And he shall go to glory's field, possessing
+ _Strength to contend, and confidence to win_.
+ Write, father, write!
+
+3. Write, sister, write!
+ Nay, shrink not, for a sister's love is holy!
+ Write words the angels whisper in thine ears,--
+ No bud of sweet affection, howe'er lowly,
+ But planted here, will bloom in after years.
+ Write, sister, write!
+ Something to cheer him, his rough way pursuing,
+ For manhood's lot is sterner far than ours;
+ He may not pause,--he must be up and doing,
+ Whilst thou sitt'st idly, dreaming among flowers.
+ Write, sister, write!
+
+4. Write, brother, write!
+ Strike a bold blow upon those kindred pages,--
+ Write; shoulder to shoulder, brother, we will go;
+ Heart linked to heart, though wild the conflict rages,
+ We will defy the battle and the foe.
+ Write, brother, write!
+ We who have trodden boyhood's path together,
+ Beneath the summer's sun and winter's sky,
+ What matter if life brings us some foul weather,
+ We may be stronger than adversity!
+ Write, brother, write!
+
+5. Fellow immortal, write!
+ One GOD reigns in the Heavens,--there is no other,--
+ And _all mankind are brethren_--thus 'tis spoken,--
+ And whoso aids a sorrowing, struggling brother,
+ By kindly word, or deed, or friendly token,
+ Shall win the favor of our heavenly Father,
+ Who judges evil, and rewards the good,
+ And who hath linked the race of man together,
+ In one vast, universal brotherhood!
+ Fellow immortal, write!
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What may the mother write in the Life-Book? 2. What, the
+father? 3. What, the sister? 4. What, the brother? 5. What may all
+write?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXXIV.
+
+ ODE, short poem.
+ PA TER' NAL, coming by inheritance.
+ AT TIRE', clothing; raiment.
+ UN CON CERN' ED LY, without care.
+ REC RE A' TION, amusement.
+ IN' NO CENCE, freedom from guilt.
+ MED I TA' TION, contemplation.
+ UN LA MENT' ED, unmourned.
+
+
+ODE ON SOLITUDE.
+
+POPE.
+
+Written when the author was twelve years of age.
+
+1. Happy the man whose wish and care
+ A few paternal acres bound,
+ Content to breathe his native air
+ In his own ground.
+
+2. Whose herds with milk, whose fields with bread,
+ Whose flocks supply him with attire;
+ Whose trees in summer yield him shade,
+ In winter fire.
+
+3. Blest who can unconcern'dly find
+ Hours, days, and years glide soft away,
+ In health of body, peace of mind,
+ Quiet by day.
+
+4. Sound sleep by night; study and ease,
+ Together mixed; sweet recreation;
+ And innocence, which most doth please
+ With meditation.
+
+5. Thus let me live, unseen, unknown;
+ Thus unlamented let me die;
+ Steal from the world, and not a stone
+ Tell where I lie.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Who, did the writer think, were happy? 2. How did he wish
+to live and die? 3. Analyse the word _recreation_, (RE _back_; CREATION,
+_act of bringing into life_;) act of bringing back to life; a reviving.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXXV.
+
+ AD MI RA' TION, esteem.
+ FRA TER' NAL, brotherly.
+ IN SIG NIF' I CANCE, worthlessness.
+ CRIT' IC AL, perilous.
+ THOR' OUGH LY, completely; fully.
+ COM PRE HEND', understand.
+ CON VIC' TION, strong belief.
+ COM PE TI' TION, strife; rivalry.
+ EM U LA' TION, competition.
+ IN TRIN' SIC AL LY, really; truly.
+ AP PRE' CI ATE, value; esteem.
+ BRAWN, physical strength.
+ PIN' NA CLE, summit; highest point.
+ SIN' U OUS, winding; bending.
+ LE GIT' I MATE, lawful.
+ REQ' UI SITE, necessary.
+ CON SER VA' TION, act of keeping.
+ DE VEL' OP MENT, training.
+
+
+GETTING THE RIGHT START.
+
+J.G. HOLLAND.
+
+1. The first great lesson a young man should learn, is, that _he knows
+nothing;_ and that the earlier and more thoroughly this lesson is
+learned, the better it will be for his peace of mind, and his success in
+life. A young man bred at home, and growing up in the light of parental
+admiration and fraternal pride, can not readily understand how it is,
+that every one else can be his equal in talent and acquisition. If bred
+in the country, he seeks the life of the town, he will very early obtain
+an idea of his insignificance.
+
+2. This is a critical period in his history. The result of his reasoning
+will decide his fate. If, at this time, he thoroughly comprehend, and in
+his soul admit and accept the fact, that _he knows nothing_ and _is
+nothing;_ if he bow to the conviction that his mind and his person are
+but ciphers, and that whatever he is _to be_, and is _to win_, must be
+achieved by _hard work_, there is abundant hope of him.
+
+3. If, on the contrary, a huge self-conceit still hold possession of
+him, and he straightens stiffly up to the assertion of his old and
+valueless self,--or, if he sink discouraged upon the threshold of a life
+of fierce competitions, and more manly emulations, he might as well be a
+dead man. The world has no use for such a man, and he has only to retire
+or be trodden upon.
+
+4. When a young man has thoroughly comprehended the fact that _he knows
+nothing_, and that, intrinsically, he is of but _little value_, the next
+thing for him to learn is that _the world cares nothing for him_,--that
+he is the subject of no man's overwhelming admiration and esteem,--that
+he must take care of himself.
+
+5. If he be a stranger, he will find every man busy with his own
+affairs, and none to look after him. He will not be noticed until he
+becomes _noticeable_, and he will not become noticeable, until he _does
+something_ to prove that he has an absolute value in society. No letter
+of recommendation will give him this, or ought to give him this. No
+family connection will give him this, except among those few who think
+more of blood than brains.
+
+6. Society demands that a young man _shall be somebody_, not only, but
+that _he shall prove his right to the title_; and it has a right to
+demand this. Society will not take this matter upon trust,--at least,
+not for a long time; for it has been cheated too frequently. Society is
+not very particular what a man does, so that it prove him to be a _man_:
+then it will bow to him, and make room for him.
+
+7. There is no surer sign of an unmanly and cowardly spirit, than a
+vague desire for _help_,--a wish to _depend_, to _lean_ upon somebody,
+and enjoy the fruits of the industry of others. There are multitudes of
+young men who indulge in dreams of help from some quarter, coming in at
+a convenient moment, to enable them to secure the success in life which
+they covet. The vision haunts them of some benevolent old gentleman,
+with a pocket full of money, a trunk full of mortgages and stocks, and a
+mind remarkably appreciative of merit and genius, who will, perhaps,
+give or lend them from ten to twenty thousand dollars, with which they
+will commence and go on swimmingly.
+
+8. To me, one of the most disgusting sights in the world, is that of a
+young man with healthy blood, broad shoulders, and a hundred and fifty
+pounds, more or less, of good bone and muscle, standing with his hands
+in his pockets, longing for help. I admit that there are positions in
+which the most independent spirit may accept of assistance,--may, in
+fact, as a choice of evils, desire it; but for a man who is able to help
+himself, to desire the help of others in the accomplishment of his plans
+of life, is positive proof that he has received a most unfortunate
+training, or that there is a leaven of meanness in his composition, that
+should make him shudder.
+
+9. When, therefore, a young man has ascertained and fully received the
+fact that he does not know any thing, that the world does not care any
+thing about him, that what he wins must be won by his own brain and
+brawn, and that while he holds in his own hands the means of gaining his
+own livelihood and the objects of his life, he can not receive
+assistance without compromising his self-respect and selling his
+freedom, he is in a fair position for beginning life. When a young man
+becomes aware that only by _his own efforts_ can he rise into
+companionship and competition with the sharp, strong, and well-drilled
+minds around him, he of ready for work, and not before.
+
+10. The next lesson is, that of _patience_, thoroughness in preparation,
+and contentment with the regular channels of business effort and
+enterprise. This is, perhaps, one of the most difficult to learn, of all
+the lessons of life. It is natural for the mind to reach out eagerly for
+immediate results.
+
+11. As manhood dawns, and the young man catches in its first light the
+pinnacles of realized dreams, the golden domes of high possibilities,
+and the purpling hills of great delights, and then looks down upon the
+narrow, sinuous, long, and dusty path by which others have reached
+them, he is apt to be disgusted with the passage, and to seek for
+success through broader channels, by quicker means. Beginning at the
+very foot of the hill, and working slowly to the top, seems a very
+discouraging process; and precisely at this point, have thousands of
+young men made shipwreck of their lives.
+
+12. Let this be understood, then, at starting; that the patient conquest
+of difficulties, which rise in the regular and legitimate channels of
+business and enterprise, is not only essential in securing the successes
+which you seek, but it is essential to that preparation of your mind,
+requisite for the enjoyment of your successes, and for retaining them
+when gained. It is the general rule of Providence, the world over, and
+in all time, that unearned success is a curse. It is the rule of
+Providence, that the process of earning success, shall be the
+preparation for its conservation and enjoyment.
+
+13. So, day by day, and week by week; so, month after month, and year
+after year, _work on_, and in that process gain strength and symmetry,
+and nerve and knowledge, that when success, patiently and bravely worked
+for, shall come, it may find you prepared to receive it and keep it. The
+development which you will get in this brave and patient labor, will
+prove itself, in the end, the most valuable of your successes. It will
+help to make a _man_ of you. It will give you power and self-reliance.
+It will give you not only _self-respect_, but the _respect of your
+fellows and the public_.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What is the first lesson a young man should learn?
+2. What is the next lesson he should learn? 3. What does society demand
+of a young man? 4. What is a sure sign of an unmanly and cowardly spirit?
+5. When is a young man in a fair position for beginning life? 6. What is
+a general rule of Providence?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXXVI.
+
+ PRE SUMP' TION, arrogance.
+ SOPH' ISTS, professed teachers of wisdom.
+ AC COST' ED, addressed.
+ GEN' IUS, natural aptitude.
+ IN DUC' ED, prevailed upon.
+ PHI LOS' O PHER, lover of wisdom.
+ BAR' BA ROUS, foreign; uncivilized.
+ DIS SUADE', turn away from.
+ EX CESS' IVE. overmuch.
+ ES TEEM' ED, highly regarded.
+ RE TRENCH, lessen; curtail.
+ SU PER' FLU OUS, extravagant; needless.
+ UN DER TAK' ING, engaging in.
+ IN CA PAC' I TY, inability.
+
+[Headnote 1: THE MIS' TO CLES, a celebrated Athenian statesman and
+military leader, was born about 514 before Christ.]
+
+[Headnote 2: CI' MON, an illustrious Athenian general and statesman,
+born about the year 510, before Christ. He belonged to the aristocratic
+party of his time, and contributed to the banishment of Themistocles,
+the leader of the opposite party. He was also the political opponent of
+Pericles.]
+
+[Headnote 3: PER' I CLES, an Athenian statesman, born about 495 before
+Christ. He labored to make Athens the capital of all Greece, and the
+seat of art and refinement.]
+
+[Headnote 4: PLA' TO, a celebrated Greek philosopher, born in Athens
+about the year 429 before Christ. He was a pupil of Socrates.]
+
+
+THE PRESUMPTION OF YOUTH.
+
+ROLLIN.
+
+1. The young people of Athens, amazed at the glory of
+Themistocles,[Headnote 1] of Cimon,[Headnote 2] of Pericles,[Headnote 3]
+and full of a foolish ambition, after having received some lessons from
+the sophists, who promised to render them very great politicians,
+believed themselves capable of every thing, and aspired to fill the
+highest places. One of them, named Glaucon, took it so strongly in his
+head that he had a _peculiar genius_ for public affairs, although he was
+not yet twenty years of age, that no person in his family, nor among his
+friends, had the power to divert him from a notion so little befitting
+his age and capacity.
+
+2. Socrates, who liked him on account of Plato [Headnote 4] his brother,
+was the only one who succeeded in making him change his resolution.
+Meeting him one day, he accosted him with so dexterous a discourse, that
+he induced him to listen. He had already gained much influence over him.
+"You have a desire to govern the republic?" said Socrates. "True,"
+replied Glaucon. "You can not have a finer design," said the
+philosopher, "since, if you succeed in it, you will be in a state to
+serve your friends, to enlarge your house, and to extend the limits of
+your native country.
+
+3. "You will become known not only in Athens, but through all Greece;
+and it may be that your renown will reach even to the barbarous nations,
+like that of Themistocles. At last, you will gain the respect and
+admiration of everybody." A beginning so flattering pleased the young
+man exceedingly, and he very willingly continued the conversation.
+"Since you desire to make yourself esteemed and respected, it is clear
+that you think to render yourself useful to the public." "Assuredly."
+"Tell me, then, I beseech you, what is the first service that you intend
+to render the state?"
+
+4. As Glaucon appeared to be perplexed, and considered what he ought to
+answer,--"Probably," replied Socrates, "it will be to enrich the
+republic, that is to say, to increase its revenues." "Exactly so." "And,
+undoubtedly, you know in what the revenues of the state consist, and the
+extent to which they may be increased. You will not have failed to make
+it a private study, to the end that if one source should suddenly fail,
+you may be able to supply its place immediately with another." "I assure
+you," answered Glaucon, "that this is what I have never thought of."
+
+5. "Tell me, at least, then, the necessary expenses of maintaining the
+republic. You can not fail to know of what importance it is to retrench
+those which are superfluous." "I confess to you that I am not more
+instructed with regard to this article than the other." "Then it is
+necessary to defer till another time the design that you have of
+enriching the republic; for it is impossible for you to benefit the
+state while you are ignorant of its revenues and expenses."
+
+6. "But," said Glaucon, "there is still another means that you pass over
+in silence,--one can enrich a state by the ruin of its enemies." "You
+are right." replied Socrates, "but, in order to do that, you must be the
+more powerful; otherwise you run the risk of losing that which you
+possess. So, he who speaks of undertaking a war, ought to know the power
+of both parties, to the end that if he finds his party the stronger, he
+may boldly risk the adventure; but, if he find it the weaker, he should
+dissuade the people from undertaking it.
+
+7. "But, do you know what are the forces of our republic, by sea and by
+land, and what are those of our enemies'? have you a statement of them
+in writing'? You will do me the pleasure to allow me a perusal of it."
+"I have none yet," replied Glaucon. "I see, then," said Socrates, "that
+we shall not make war so soon, if they intrust _you_ with the
+government; for there remain many things for you to know, and many cares
+to take."
+
+8. The sage mentioned many other articles, not less important, in which
+he found Glaucon equally inexperienced, and he pointed out how
+ridiculous they render themselves, who have the rashness to intermeddle
+with government, without bringing any other preparation to the task than
+_a great degree of self-esteem and excessive ambition_. "Fear, my dear
+Glaucon," said Socrates, "fear, lest a too ardent desire for honors
+should blind you; and cause you to take a part that would cover you with
+shame, in bringing to light your incapacity, and want of talent."
+
+9. The youth was wise enough to profit by the good advice of his
+instructor, and took some time to gain private information, before he
+ventured to appear in public. This lesson is for all ages.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. To what did the young people of Athens aspire? 2. What
+did Glaucon believe he possessed? 3. Who succeeded in making him change
+his resolution? 4. How did Socrates do this? 5. What did Socrates
+finally say to him?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXXVII.
+
+ CREST, topmost height.
+ TOR' RENTS, rushing streams.
+ TYPE, symbol; token.
+ AE' RIE, (_a' ry_,) eagle's nest.
+ VAULT' ED, arched.
+ LIQ' UID, (_lik' wid_,) clear; flowing.
+ BASK, lie exposed to warmth.
+ CAN' O PY, covering.
+ REV' EL RY, noisy merriment.
+ BIDE, stay; continue.
+ VO LUP' TU OUS, devoted to pleasure.
+ HAUNTS, places of resort.
+ EX PIRES', dies; becomes extinct.
+ SMOL' DER ING, burning and smoking without vent.
+ HER' IT AGE, inheritance.
+ QUENCH' ED, extinguished.
+ PEN' NON, flag; banner.
+ WRENCH, wrest; twist off.
+ CRA' VEN, base; cowardly.
+
+
+SONG OF THE AMERICAN EAGLE.
+
+1. I build my nest on the mountain's crest,
+ Where the wild winds rock my eaglets to rest,--
+ Where the lightnings flash, and the thunders crash,
+ And the roaring torrents foam and dash;
+ For my spirit free henceforth shall be
+ A type of the sons of Liberty.
+
+2. Aloft I fly from my aerie high,
+ Through the vaulted dome of the azure sky;
+ On a sunbeam bright take my airy flight,
+ And float in a flood of liquid light;
+ For I love to play in the noontide ray,
+ And bask in a blaze from the throne of day.
+
+3. Away I spring with a tireless wing,
+ On a feathery cloud I poise and swing;
+ I dart down the steep where the lightnings leap,
+ And the clear blue canopy swiftly sweep;
+ For, dear to me is the revelry
+ Of a free and fearless Liberty.
+
+4. I love the land where the mountains stand,
+ Like the watch-towers high of a Patriot band;
+ For I may not bide in my glory and pride,
+ Though the land be never so fair and wide,
+ Where Luxury reigns o'er voluptuous plains,
+ And fetters the free-born soul in chains.
+
+5. Then give to me in my flights to see
+ The land of the pilgrims _ever free_!
+ And I never will rove from the haunts I love
+ But watch, from my sentinel-track above,
+ Your banner free, o'er land and sea,
+ And exult in your glorious Liberty.
+
+6. _O, guard ye well the land where I dwell_,
+ Lest to future times the tale I tell,
+ When slow expires in smoldering fires
+ The goodly heritage of your sires,--
+ How Freedom's light rose clear and bright
+ O'er fair Columbia's beacon-hight,
+ Till ye quenched the flame in a starless night.
+
+7. Then will I tear from your pennon fair
+ The stars ye have set in triumph there;
+ My olive-branch on the blast I'll launch,
+ The fluttering stripes from the flagstaff wrench,
+ And away I'll flee; for I scorn to see
+ _A craven race_ in the land of the free!
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Where does the eagle build its nest? 2. Describe its
+flights. 3. Where does it love to dwell? 4. Of what is the eagle a type?
+5. What warning does it give to the people of this country? 6. What is
+there peculiar in the construction of the first, third, and fifth lines
+of each verse?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXXVIII.
+
+ AN' THEM, ode; song.
+ DAUNT' LESS, bold; fearless.
+ WAG' ED, carried on.
+ UN AW' ED, undismayed.
+ SCROLL, roll of paper; document.
+ COUNT' LESS, unnumbered.
+ ROY' AL, regal; noble.
+ U' NI VERSE, whole creation.
+ BAF' FLED, frustrated.
+ TY RAN' NIC, oppressive; despotic.
+ CURB, check; restrain.
+ SUC CEED' ING, following.
+ HURL' ED, thrown.
+ PEAL' ED, resounded.
+
+[Headnote 1: HEL' LES PONT, now the Dardanelles, a narrow strait between
+Asia and Europe.]
+
+[Headnote 2: XER' XES, (_zerks' ees_,) the celebrated king of Persia,
+during his famous expedition into Greece, caused a bridge of boats to be
+built over the Hellespont; but the work having been destroyed by a
+storm, he was greatly enraged against the sea, and ordered it to be
+lashed, and fetters to be cast into it to restrain its violence.]
+
+
+THE ARMY OF REFORM.
+
+SARAH JANE LIPPINCOTT.
+
+ 1. Yes, _ye are few_,--and _they were few_,
+ Who, daring storm and sea,
+ Once raised upon old Plymouth rock
+ "The anthem of the free."
+
+ 2. _And they were few_ at Lexington,
+ To battle, or to die,--
+ That lightning-flash, that thunder-peal,
+ Told that the storm was nigh.
+
+ 3. _And they were few_, who dauntless stood,
+ Upon old Bunkers hight,
+ And waged with Britain's strength and pride
+ The fierce, unequal fight.
+
+ 4. _And they were few_, who, all unawed
+ By kingly "rights divine,"
+ The Declaration, rebel scroll,[Footnote 1]
+ Untrembling dared to sign.
+
+ 5. _Yes, ye are few_; for one proud glance
+ Can take in all your band,
+ As now against a countless host,
+ Firm, true, and calm, ye stand.
+
+ 6. Unmoved by Folly's idiot laugh,
+ Hate's curse, or Envy's frown,--
+ Wearing your rights as royal robes,
+ Your manhood as a crown,--
+
+ 7. With eyes whose gaze, unvailed by mists,
+ Still rises, clearer, higher,--
+ With stainless hands, and lips that Truth
+ Hath touched with living fire,--
+
+ 8. With one high hope, that ever shines
+ Before you as a star,--
+ One prayer of faith, one fount of strength,
+ _A glorious few ye are!_
+
+ 9. Ye _dare_ not fear, ye _can not_ fail,
+ Your destiny ye bind
+ To that sublime, eternal law
+ That rules the march of mind.
+
+10. See yon bold eagle toward the sun
+ Now rising free and strong,
+ And see yon mighty river roll
+ Its sounding tide along!
+
+11. Ah! yet near earth the eagle tires,
+ Lost in the sea, the river;
+ _But naught can stay the human mind_,--
+ _'Tis upward, onward, ever!_
+
+12. It yet shall tread the starlit paths,
+ By highest angels trod,
+ And pause but at the farthest world
+ In the universe of God.
+
+13. 'Tis said that Persia's baffled king,
+ In mad, tyrannic pride,
+ Cast fetters on the Hellespont,[Headnote 1]
+ To curb its swelling tide:
+
+14. But freedom's own true spirit heaves
+ The bosom of the main;
+ It tossed those fetters to the skies,
+ And bounded on again!
+
+15. The scorn of each succeeding age
+ On Xerxes'[Headnote 2] head was hurled,
+ And o'er that foolish deed has pealed
+ The long laugh of a world.
+
+16. Thus, thus, defeat, and scorn, and shame,
+ Is _his_, who strives to bind
+ _The restless, leaping waves of thought,_
+ _The free tide of the mind._
+
+[Footnote 1: The reference is to the Declaration of Independence, made
+July 4th, 1776.]
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Who raised the anthem of the free on Plymouth Rock?
+2. What is said of the few on Bunker's Hight? 3. How many signed the
+Declaration of Independence? Ans. 56. 4. What is said of the eagle?
+5. Of the human mind? 6. Of Freedom? 7. Where is the Hellespont?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON LXXXIX.
+
+ FRESH' EN ED, grew brisk or strong.
+ FIT FUL LY, at intervals.
+ IN DI CA' TION, sign; token.
+ EN THU' SI ASM, strong feeling.
+ AP PRE HEND' ING, fearing.
+ A BAN' DON, give up; forsake.
+ HAW' SERS, cables; large ropes.
+ VOL UN TEER' ED, offered willingly.
+ IN' TER VAL, intervening time.
+ DE VOT' ED, doomed; ill-fated.
+ THWARTS, seats placed across a boat.
+ GUAR' AN TY, warrant.
+ IN EV' I TA BLY, certainly; surely.
+ AC CU' MU LA TED, collected; heaped.
+ STAN' CHION, (_stan' shun_,) small post.
+ VI' ED, strove; contended.
+ DIS' LO CA TED, out of joint; disjointed.
+ AM' PU TA TED, cut off.
+
+
+THE LAST CRUISE OF THE MONITOR.
+
+GREENVILLE M. WEEKS.
+
+1. On the afternoon of December 29th, 1862, she put on steam, and, in
+tow of the "Rhode Island," passed Fortress Monroe, and out to sea. As we
+gradually passed out, the wind freshened somewhat; but the sun went down
+in glorious clouds of purple and crimson, and the night was fair and
+calm above us, though, in the interior of our little vessel, the air had
+already begun to lose its freshness. We suffered more or less from its
+closeness through the night, and woke in the morning to find it heavy
+with impurity, from the breaths of some sixty persons, composing the
+officers and crew.
+
+2. Sunshine found us on deck, enjoying pure air, and watching the east.
+During the night we had passed Cape Henry, and now, at dawn, found
+ourselves on the ocean,--the land only a blue line in the distance. A
+few more hours, and that had vanished. No sails were visible; and the
+Passaic, which we had noticed the evening before, was now out of sight.
+The morning and afternoon passed quietly; we spent most of our time on
+deck, on account of the confined air below, and, being on a level with
+the sea, with the spray dashing over us occasionally, amused ourselves
+with noting its shifting hues and forms, from the deep green of the
+first long roll, to the foam-crest and prismatic tints of the falling
+wave.
+
+3. As the afternoon advanced, the freshening wind, the thickening
+clouds, and the increasing roll of the sea, gave those most accustomed
+to ordinary ship-life, some new experiences. The little vessel plunged
+through the rising waves, instead of riding them, and, as they increased
+in violence, lay, as it were, under their crests, which washed over her
+continually; so that, even when we considered ourselves safe, the
+appearance was that of a vessel sinking.
+
+4. "I'd rather go to sea in a diving-bell!" said one, as the waves
+dashed over the pilot-house, and the little craft seemed buried in
+water. "Give me an oyster-scow!" cried another,--"any thing! only let it
+be _wood_, and something that will float _over_, instead of _under_ the
+water!" Still she plunged on; and about 6:30 P.M., we made Cape
+Hatteras; in half an hour we had rounded the point. A general hurrah
+went up,--"Hurrah for the first iron-clad that ever rounded Cape
+Hatteras! Hurrah for the little boat that is first in every thing!"
+
+5. At half-past seven, a heavy shower fell, lasting about twenty
+minutes. At this time the gale increased; black, heavy clouds covered
+the sky, through which the moon glittered fitfully, allowing us to see
+in the distance a long line of white, plunging foam rushing toward
+us,--sure indication, to a sailor's eye, of a stormy time. A gloom
+overhung every thing; the banks of cloud seemed to settle around us; the
+moan of the ocean grew louder and more fearful. Still our little boat
+pushed doggedly on: victorious through all, we thought that here, too,
+she would conquer, though the beating waves sent shudders through her
+whole frame.
+
+6. An hour passed; the air below, which had all day been increasing in
+closeness, was now almost stifling; but our men lost no courage. Some
+sang as they worked; and the cadence of their voices, mingling with the
+roar of waters, sounded like a defiance to Ocean. Some stationed
+themselves on top of the turret, and a general enthusiasm filled all
+breasts, as huge waves, twenty feet high, rose up on all sides, hung
+suspended for a moment like jaws open to devour, and then, breaking,
+gnashed over in foam from side to side.
+
+7. Those of us new to the sea, and not apprehending our peril, hurrahed
+for the largest wave; but the captain and one or two others, old
+sailors, knowing its power, grew momentarily more and more--anxious,
+feeling, with a dread instinctive to the sailor, that, in case of
+extremity, no wreck yet known to ocean, could be so hopeless as this.
+Solid iron from keelson to turret-top, clinging to any thing for safety,
+if the "Monitor" should go down, would only insure a share in her fate.
+No mast., no spar, no floating thing, to meet the outstretched hand in
+the last moment.
+
+8. The sea gathered force from each attack. Thick and fast came the
+blows on the iron mail of the "Monitor," and still the brave little
+vessel held her own, until, at half-past eight, the engineer, faithful
+to the end, reported a leak. The pumps were instantly set in motion, and
+we watched their progress with an intense interest. She had seemed to
+us like an old-time knight, in armor, battling against fearful odds, but
+still holding his ground. We who watched, when the blow came which made
+the strong man reel and the life-blood spout, felt our hearts faint
+within us; then, again, ground was gained, and the fight went on, the
+water lowering somewhat under the laboring pumps.
+
+9. From nine to ten it kept pace with them. From ten to eleven the sea
+increased in violence, the waves now dashing entirely over the turret,
+blinding the eyes, and causing quick catchings of the breath, as they
+swept against us. At ten the engineer had reported the leak as gaining
+on us; at half-past ten, with several pumps in constant motion, one of
+which threw out three thousand gallons a minute, the water was rising
+rapidly, and nearing the fires. When these were reached, the vessel's
+doom was sealed; for, with their extinction, the pumps must cease, and
+all hope of keeping the "Monitor" above water more than an hour or two,
+expired.
+
+10. Our knight had received his death-blow, and lay struggling and
+helpless under the power of a stronger than he. A consultation was
+held, and, not without a conflict of fueling, it was decided that
+signals of distress should be made. Ocean claimed our little vessel, and
+her trembling frame and failing fire proved she would soon answer his
+call; yet a pang went through us, as we thought of the first iron-clad
+lying alone at the bottom of this stormy sea, her guns silenced, herself
+a useless mass of metal. Each quiver of her strong frame seemed to plead
+with us not to abandon her.
+
+11. The work she _had_ done, the work she _was_ to do, rose before us:
+might there not be a possibility of saving her yet? Her time could not
+have come so soon. But we who descended for a moment to the cabin, knew,
+by the rising-water through which we waded, that the end was near. Small
+time was there for regrets. Rockets were thrown up, and answered by the
+"Rhode Island," whose brave men prepared at once to lower boats, though,
+in that wild sea, it was almost madness.
+
+12. The "Monitor" had been attached to the "Rhode Island" by two
+hawsers, one of which had parted at about seven P.M. The other remained
+firm; but now it was necessary it should be cut. How was that possible,
+when every wave washed clean over the deck? What man could reach it
+alive? "Who'll cut the hawser?" shouted Captain Bankhead. Acting master
+Stodder volunteered, and was followed by another. Holding by one hand to
+the ropes at her side, they cut through, by many blows of the hatchet,
+the immense rope which united the vessels. Stodder returned in safety,
+but his brave companion was washed over, and went down.
+
+13. Meanwhile the boat launched from the "Rhode Island," had started,
+manned by a crew of picked men. A mere heroic impulse could not have
+accomplished this most noble deed. For hours they had watched the raging
+sea. Their captain and _they_ knew the danger; every man who entered
+that boat, did it at the peril of his life; and yet all were ready. Are
+not such acts as these convincing proofs of the divinity of human
+nature'? We watched her with straining eyes; for few thought she could
+live to reach us. She neared; we were sure of her, thank Heaven!
+
+14. In this interval, the cut hawser had become entangled in the
+paddle-wheel of the "Rhode Island," and she drifted down upon us; we,
+not knowing this fact, supposed her coming to our assistance; but a
+moment undeceived us. The launch sent to our relief was now between us
+and her,--too near for safety. The steamer bore swiftly down, stern
+first, upon our starboard quarter. "_Keep off! keep off!_" we cried, and
+then first saw she was helpless.
+
+15. Even as we looked, the devoted boat was caught between the steamer
+and the iron-clad,--a sharp sound of crushing wood was heard,--thwarts,
+oars, and splinters flew in air,--the boat's crew leaped to the
+"Monitor's" deck, Death stared us in the face; our iron prow must go
+through the Rhode Island's side,--and then an end to all. One awful
+moment we held our breath,--then the hawser was cleared,--the steamer
+moved off, as it were, step by step, first one, then another, till a
+ship's length lay between us, and then we breathed freely.
+
+16. But the boat!--had she gone to the bottom, carrying brave souls with
+her? No; there she lay, beating against our iron sides; but still,
+though bruised and broken, a lifeboat to us. There was no hasty scramble
+for life when it was found she floated,--all held back. The men kept
+steady on at their work of bailing,--only those leaving, and in the
+order named, whom the captain bade save themselves. They descended from
+the turret to the deck with mingled fear and hope, for the waves tore
+from side to side, and the coolest head and bravest heart could not
+guaranty safety. Some were washed over as they left the turret, and,
+with a vain clutch at the iron deck, a wild throwing up of the arms,
+went down, their death-cry ringing in the ears of their companions.
+
+17. The boat sometimes held her place by the "Monitor's" side, then was
+dashed hopelessly out of reach, rising and falling on the waves. A
+sailor would spring from the deck to reach her, to be seen for a moment
+in mid-air, and then, as she rose, fall into her. So she gradually
+filled up; but some poor souls who sought to reach her, failed, even as
+they touched her receding sides, and went down. We had a little
+messenger-boy, the special charge of one of our sailors, and the pet of
+all; he must inevitably have been lost, but for the care of his adopted
+father, who, holding him firmly in his arms, escaped, as by a miracle,
+being washed overboard, but finally succeeded in placing him safely in
+the boat.
+
+18. The last but one to make the desperate venture, was the surgeon; he
+leaped from the deck, at the very instant when the boat was being swept
+away by the merciless sea. Making one final effort, he threw his body
+forward as he fell, striking across the boat's side so violently, it was
+thought some of his ribs must be broken. "_Haul the Doctor in!_" shouted
+Lieutenant Greene, perhaps remembering how, a little time back, he
+himself, almost gone down in the unknown sea, had been "hauled in" by a
+quinine rope flung him by the Doctor. Stout sailor-arms pulled him in;
+one more sprang to a place in her, and the boat, now full, pushed
+off,--in a sinking condition, it is true, but still bearing hope with
+her, for _she was wood_.
+
+19. Over the waves we made little progress, though pulling for life. The
+men stuffed their pea-jackets into the leaks, and bailed incessantly. We
+neared the "Rhode Island;" but now a new peril appeared. Eight down upon
+our center, borne by the might of the rushing water, came the whale-boat
+sent to rescue others from the iron-clad. We barely floated; if she
+struck us with her bows full on us, we must go to the bottom. One
+sprang, and, as she neared, with outstretched arms, met and turned her
+course. She passed against us, and his hand, caught between the two
+boats, was crushed, and the arm, wrenched from its socket, fell a
+helpless weight against his side; but life remained. We were saved, and
+an arm was a small price to pay for life.
+
+20. We reached the "Rhode Island;" ropes were flung over her side, and
+caught with a death-grip. Some lost their hold, were washed away, and
+again dragged in by the boat's crew. What chance had one whose right arm
+hung a dead weight, when strong men with their two hands, went down
+before him? He caught at a rope, found it impossible to save himself
+alone, and then for the first time said,--"I am injured; can any one
+help me?" Ensign Taylor, at the risk of his own life, brought the rope
+around his shoulder in such a way that it could not slip, and he was
+drawn up in safety.
+
+21. In the mean time, the whale-boat, which had nearly caused our
+destruction, had reached the side of the "Monitor;" and now the captain
+said, "It is madness to remain here longer: let each man save himself."
+For a moment, he descended to the cabin for a coat, and his faithful
+servant followed to secure a jewel-box, containing the accumulated
+treasure of years. A sad, sorry sight it was! In the heavy air the lamps
+burned dimly, and the water, waist-deep, splashed sullenly against the
+sides of the wardroom. One lingering look, and he left the "Monitor's"
+cabin forever!
+
+22. Time was precious; he hastened to the deck, where, in the midst of a
+terrible sea, Lieutenant Greene nobly held his post. He seized the rope
+from the whale-boat, wound it about an iron stanchion, then around his
+wrists, and, by this means, was drawn aboard the boat. Thus, one by one,
+watching their time between the waves, the men filled in, and, at last,
+after making all effort for others, and none for themselves, Captain
+Bankhead and Lieutenant Greene took their places in the boat The gallant
+Brown pushed off, and soon laid his boat-load safe upon the "Rhode
+Island's" deck.
+
+23. Here the heartiest and most tender reception met us. Our drenched
+clothing was replaced by warm and dry garments, and all on board vied
+with each other in acts of kindness. The only one who had received any
+injury, Surgeon Weeks, [Footnote: The writer of this account.] was
+carefully attended to, the dislocated arm set, and the crushed fingers
+amputated, by the gentlest and most considerate of surgeons, Dr. Webber,
+of the "Rhode Island."
+
+24. For an hour or more we watched, from the deck of the steamer, the
+lonely light upon the "Monitor's" turrets; a hundred times we thought it
+gone forever,--a hundred times it reappeared, till, at last, about two
+o'clock, Wednesday morning, December 31st, it sank, and we saw it no
+more. An actor in the scenes of that wild night, when the "Monitor" went
+down, relates the story of her last cruise. _Her_ work is now over. She
+lies a hundred fathoms deep under the stormy-waters off Cape Hatteras;
+but she has made herself a name, which will not soon be forgotten by the
+American people.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. When and where was the Monitor lost? 2. What signal
+service had she rendered? 3. Who was the writer of this account?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XC.
+
+ RE SPON SI BIL' I TIES, obligations.
+ LA' TENT, secret; hidden.
+ IN IQ' UI TY, wickedness.
+ EF FECT' IVE, powerful; efficient.
+ REC' TI TUDE, right.
+ PEN' E TRA TIVE, entering; piercing.
+ MAL' ICE, ill-will; hatred.
+ CHIV' AL RY, heroism; valor.
+ WAN' TON LY, wastefully.
+ SHEEN, brightness.
+ SHIM' MER, glitter; gleam.
+ RE VER' SION, future possession.
+ IN SID' I OUS, crafty; deceitful.
+ A THWART', across.
+ SUS' TE NANCE, food; support.
+ IM POS' ED, laid on; assigned.
+
+
+DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF WOMAN.
+
+GAIL HAMILTON.
+
+1. Oh, if this latent power could be aroused! If woman would shake off
+this slumber, and put on her strength, her beautiful garments, how would
+she go forth conquering and to conquer! How would the mountains break
+forth into singing, and the trees of the field clap their hands! How
+would our sin-stained earth arise and shine, her light being come, and
+the glory of the Lord being risen upon her!
+
+2. One can not do the _world's_ work; but one can do _one's_ work. You
+may not be able to turn the world from iniquity; but you can, at least,
+keep the dust and rust from gathering on your own soul. If you can not
+be directly and actively engaged in fighting the battle, you can, at
+least, polish your armor and sharpen your weapons, to strike an
+effective blow when the hour comes. You can stanch the blood of him who
+has been wounded in the fray,--bear a cup of cold water to the thirsty
+and fainting,--give help to the conquered, and smiles to the victor.
+
+3. You can gather from the past and the present stores of wisdom, so
+that, when the future demands it, you may bring forth from your
+treasures things new and old. Whatever of bliss the "Divinity that
+shapes our ends" may see fit to withhold from you, you are but very
+little lower than the angels, so long as you have the
+
+ "Godlike power to do,--the godlike aim to know."
+
+4. You can be forming habits of self-reliance, sound judgment,
+perseverance, and endurance, which may, one day, stand you in good
+stead. You can so train yourself to right thinking and right acting,
+that uprightness shall be your nature, truth your impulse. His head is
+seldom far wrong, whose heart is always right. We bow down to mental
+greatness, intellectual strength, and they are divine gifts; but _moral
+rectitude_ is stronger than they. It is irresistible,--always in the
+end triumphant.
+
+5. There is in _goodness_ a penetrative power that nothing can
+withstand. Cunning and malice melt away before its mild, open, steady
+glance. Not alone on the fields where chivalry charges for laurels, with
+helmet and breastplate and lance in rest, can the true knight exultingly
+exclaim,
+
+ "My strength is as the strength of ten,
+ Because my heart is pure;"
+
+but wherever man meets man, wherever there is a prize to be won, a goal
+to be reached. Wealth, and rank, and beauty, may form a brilliant
+setting to the diamond; but they only expose more nakedly the false
+glare of the paste. Only when the king's daughter is all glorious
+within, is it fitting and proper that her clothing should be of wrought
+gold.
+
+6. From the great and good of all ages rings out the same monotone. The
+high-priest of Nature, the calm-eyed poet who laid his heart so close to
+hers, that they seemed to throb in one pulsation, yet whose ear was
+always open to the "still sad music of humanity," has given us the
+promise of his life-long wisdom in these grand words:--
+
+ "True dignity abides with him alone
+ Who, in the silent hour of inward thought,
+ Can still suspect and still revere himself."
+
+7. Through the din of twenty rolling centuries, pierces the sharp, stern
+voice of the brave old Greek: "_Let every man, when he is about to do a
+wicked action, above all things in the world, stand in awe of himself,
+and dread the witness within him._" All greatness, and all glory, all
+that earth has to give, all that Heaven can proffer, lies within the
+reach of the lowliest as well as the highest; for He who spake as never
+man spake, has said that the very "kingdom of God is within you."
+
+8. Born to such an inheritance, will you wantonly cast it away? With
+such a goal in prospect, will you suffer yourself to be turned aside by
+the sheen and shimmer of tinsel fruit? With earth in possession, and
+Heaven in reversion, will you go sorrowing and downcast, because here
+and there a pearl or ruby fails you? Nay, rather forgetting those things
+which are behind, and reaching forth unto those which are before, _press
+forward_!
+
+9. Discontent and murmuring are insidious foes; trample them under your
+feet. Utter no complaint, whatever betide; for complaining is a sign of
+weakness. If your trouble can be helped, _help it_; if not, _bear it_.
+You can be whatever you _will_ to be. Therefore, form and accomplish
+worthy purposes.
+
+10. If you walk alone, let it be with no faltering tread. Show to an
+incredulous world
+
+ "How grand may be Life's might,
+ Without Love's circling crown."
+
+Or, if the golden thread of love shine athwart the dusky warp of duty,
+if other hearts depend on yours for sustenance and strength, give to
+them from your fullness no stinted measure. Let the dew of your kindness
+fall on the evil and the good, on the just and on the unjust.
+
+11. Compass happiness, since happiness alone is victory. On the
+fragments of your shattered plans, and hopes, and love,--on the
+heaped-up ruins of your past, rear a stately palace, whose top shall
+reach unto heaven, whose beauty shall gladden the eyes of all beholders,
+whose doors shall stand wide open to receive the way-worn and weary.
+Life is a burden, but it is imposed by God. What you _make_ of it, it
+will _be_ to you, whether a millstone about your neck, or a diadem upon
+your brow. _Take it up bravely, bear it on joyfully, lay it down
+triumphantly._
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What are some of the duties of women? 2. What is said of
+goodness? 3. What was the adage of the old Greek? 4. What is said of
+discontent and murmuring?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XCI.
+
+ ID' I OT, one devoid of reason.
+ HOR' RI BLE, awful; dreadful.
+ WOE' FUL, afflicted.
+ HAR' ROW, disturb; harass.
+ PRE SERVE', safely keep.
+ SOOTH, fact; truth.
+ SPOIL' ED, stripped; plundered.
+ YEARN' ING, longing.
+ IN SUF' FER A BLE, intolerable.
+ CAN' TON, district; region.
+ PAS TIME, amusement; diversion.
+ ES PI' ED, saw; discovered.
+ MOUNT AIN EER', dweller on a mountain.
+ BRAWN' Y, strong; firm.
+ FAG OTS, bundles of sticks.
+ AUG MENT', increase; make larger.
+ BEA' CON, signal-fire.
+ BE TIDE', happen; befall.
+
+
+SCENE FROM WILLIAM TELL.
+
+J. SHERIDAN KNOWLES.
+
+ _Emma._ I never knew a weary night before!
+ I have seen the sun a dozen times go down,
+ And still no William,--and the storm was on,
+ Yet have I laid me down in peace to sleep,
+ The mountain with the lightning all a-blaze,
+ And shaking with the thunder,--but to-night
+ Mine eyes refuse to close, (_sl._) The old man rests:
+ Pain hath outworn itself, and turned to ease.
+ How deadly calm's the night! (_''_) What's that? I'm grown
+ An idiot with my fears. I do not know,--
+ The avalanche! Great Power that hurls it down,
+ Watch o'er my boy, and guide his little steps!
+ What keeps him? 'tis but four hours' journey hence:
+ He'd rest; then four hours back again. _What keeps him?_
+ Erni would sure be found by him,--he knows
+ The track, well as he knows the road to Altorf!
+
+ _Melchtal_. Help! (_in his sleep_.)
+
+ _Emma_. What's the matter? Only the old man dreaming.
+ He thinks again they're pulling out his eyes.
+ I'm sick with terror! Merciful powers! what's this
+ That fills my heart with horrible alarm?
+ And yet it can not see.
+
+ _Melch_. (_waking_) Where am I?
+
+ _Emma_. Father!
+
+ _Melch_. My daughter, is it thou'! Thank Heaven, I'm here!
+ Is't day yet'?
+
+ _Emma_. No'.
+
+ _Melch_. Is't far on the night'?
+
+ _Emma_. Methinks, about the turn on't.
+
+ _Melch_. Is the boy
+ Come back'?
+
+ _Emma_. No', father'.
+
+ _Melch_. Nor thy husband'?
+
+ _Emma_. No'.
+
+ _Melch_. A woeful wife and mother have I made thee!
+ Would thou hadst never seen me.
+
+ _Emma_. Father'!
+
+ _Melch_. Child'!
+
+ _Emma_. Methinks I hear a step !--I do! (_knocking_.) A knock!
+
+ _Melch_. 'Tis William!
+
+ _Emma_. No; it is not William's knock. (_Opens the door_.) I
+ told you so. Your will?
+
+ _Enter_ STRANGER.
+
+ _Stran_. Seeing a light, I e'en made bold to knock, to ask for
+ shelter; For I have missed my way.
+
+ _Emma_. Whence come you` friend'?
+
+ _Stran_. From Altorf.
+
+ _Emma_. Altorf'! Any news from thence'?
+
+ _Stran_. Ay`! News to harrow parents' hearts, and make The
+ barren bless themselves that they are childless!
+
+ _Emma_. May Heaven preserve my boy!
+
+ _Melch_. What say'st thy news?
+
+ _Stran_. Art thou not Melchtal--he whose eyes, 'tis said,
+ The tyrant has torn out'?
+
+ _Melch_. Yes`, friend', the same.
+
+ _Stran_. Is this thy cottage'?
+
+ _Melch_. No`; 'tis William Tell's.
+
+ _Stran_. 'Tis William Tell's--and that's his wife--Goodnight.
+
+ _Emma_. (_Rushing between him and the door_.) Thou stirr'st
+ not hence until thy news be told!
+
+ _Stran_. My news! In sooth 'tis nothing thou would'st heed.
+
+ _Emma_. 'Tis something none should heed so well as I!
+
+ _Stran_. I must be gone,
+
+ _Emma_. Thou seest a tigress, friend,
+ Spoiled of her mate and young, and yearning for them.
+ Don't thwart her! Come, thy news! What fear'st thou, man?
+ What more hath she to dread, who reads thy looks,
+ And knows the most has come? Thy news! Is't bondage'?
+
+ _Stran_. It is.
+
+ _Emma_. Thank Heaven, it is not death! Of one--Or two?
+
+ _Stran_. Of two.
+
+ _Emma_. A father and a son,
+ Is't not?
+
+ _Stran_. It is.
+
+ _Emma_. My husband and my son
+ Are in the tyrant's power! There's worse than that!
+ What's that is news to harrow parents' breasts.
+ The which the thought to only tell, 'twould seem,
+ Drives back the blood to thine?--Thy news, I say!
+ Wouldst thou be merciful, this is not mercy!
+ Wast thou the mark, friend, of the bowman's aim.
+ Wouldst thou not hare the fatal arrow speed,
+ Rather than watch it hanging in the string?
+ Thou'lt drive me mad! Let fly at once!
+
+ _Melch_. Thy news from Altorf, friend, whatever it is!
+
+ _Stran_. To save himself and child from certain death,
+ Tell is to hit an apple, to be placed
+ Upon the stripling's head.
+
+ _Melch_. My child! my child!
+ Speak to me! Stranger, hast thou killed her?
+
+ _Emma_. No!
+ No`, father'. I'm the wife of William Tell;
+ Oh, but to be a man!--to have an arm
+ To fit a heart swelling with the sense of wrong!
+ Unnatural--insufferable wrong!
+ When makes the tyrant trial of his skill?
+
+ _Stran_. To-morrow.
+
+ _Emma_. Spirit of the lake and hill,
+ Inspire thy daughter! On the head of him
+ Who makes his pastime of a mother's pangs,
+ Launch down thy vengeance by a mother's hand.
+ Know'st the signal when the hills shall rise'? (_To Melchtal._)
+
+ _Melch_. Are they to rise'?
+
+ _Emma_. I see thou knowest naught.
+
+ _Stran_. Something's on foot! 'Twas only yesterday,
+ That, traveling from our canton, I espied
+ Slow toiling up a steep, a mountaineer
+ Of brawny limb, upon his back a load
+ Of fagots bound. Curious to see what end
+ Was worthy of such labor, after him
+ I took the cliff; and saw its lofty top
+ Receive his load, which went but to augment
+ A pile of many another.
+
+ _Emma_. 'Tis by fire! Fire is the signal for the hills to
+ rise! (_Rushes out_.)
+
+ _Melch_. Went she not forth!
+
+ _Stran_. She did,--she's here again,
+ And brings with her a lighted brand.
+
+ _Melch_. My child,
+ What dost thou with a lighted brand?
+
+ (_Re-enter_ EMMA _with a brand_.)
+
+ _Emma_. Prepare
+ To give the signal for the hills to rise!
+
+ _Melch_. Where are the fagots, child, for such a blaze?
+
+ _Emma_. I'll find the fagots, father. (_Exit_.)
+
+ _Melch_. She's gone Again!
+
+ _Stran_. She is,--I think into her chamber.
+
+ _Emma_. (_Rushing in_.)--Father, the pile is fired!
+
+ _Melch_. What pile, my child!
+
+ _Emma_. The joists and rafters of our cottage, father!
+
+ _Melch_. Thou hast not fired thy cottage?--but thou hast;
+ Alas, I hear the crackling of the flames!
+
+ _Emma_. Say'st thou, alas! when I do say, thank Heaven.
+ Father, this blaze will set the land a-blaze
+ With fire that shall preserve, and not destroy it.
+ (_f_.) _Blaze on!_ BLAZE ON! Oh, may'st thou be a beacon
+ To light its sons enslaved to liberty!
+ How fast it spreads! A spirit's in the fire:
+ It knows the work it does.--(_Goes to the door, and opens it_.)
+ The land is free!
+ Yonder's another blaze! Beyond that, shoots
+ Another up!--Anon will every hill
+ Redden with vengeance! Father, come! Whate'er
+ Betides us, worse we're certain can't befall,
+ And better may! Oh, be it liberty,
+ Safe hearts and homes, husbands and children! Come,--
+ It spreads apace. (_ff_.) Blaze on--_blaze on_--BLAZE ON!
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What rule for the rising inflection on _father_? See Note
+I., page 32. 2. What rule for the falling inflection on _no_? See Rule
+I., page 28.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XCII.
+
+ HON' OR A BLE, noble; illustrious.
+ IN' TEL LECT, mind; understanding.
+ SCORE, account; motive.
+ CLEV' ER, skillful; expert.
+ SO' CIAL, familiar.
+ CON FU' SION, fuss; tumult.
+ CON DE SCEN' SION, loveliness; deference.
+ COM PRE HEN' SION, understanding.
+
+[Headnote 1: CROE SUS, a very wealthy king of ancient Lydia, in Asia
+Minor, was born about 591 before Christ.]
+
+
+THE RICH MAN AND THE POOR MAN.
+
+KHEMNITZER.
+
+1. So goes the world`;--if wealthy, you may call
+ _This_--friend, _that_--brother`;--friends and brothers all
+ Though you are worthless, witless,--never mind it;
+ You may have been a stable-boy,--what then?
+ 'Tis _wealth_, my friends, makes _honorable_ men.
+ You seek respect, no doubt, and you will find it.
+
+2. But, if you are poor', heaven help you`! though your sire
+ Had royal blood in him`, and though you
+ Possess the intellect of angels too.
+ 'Tis all in vain`;--the world will ne'er inquire
+ On such a score`:--why should it take the pains?
+ 'Tis easier to weigh purses`, sure, than brains'.
+
+3. I once saw a poor fellow, keen and clever.
+ Witty and wise`; he paid a man a visit,
+ And no one noticed him', and no one ever
+ Gave him a welcome`. "Strange`," cried I', "whence is it`?"
+ He walked on this side', then on that`,
+ He tried to introduce a social chat`;
+ Now here', now there`, in vain he tried`;
+ Some formally and freezingly replied,
+ And some said by their silence,--"Better stay at home."
+
+4. A rich man burst the door,
+ As Croesus [Headnote 1] rich;--I'm sure
+ He could not pride himself upon his wit`;
+ And, as for wisdom, he had none of it`;
+ He had what's better`,--he had wealth.
+ What a confusion!--all stand up erect,--
+ These crowd around to ask him of his health;
+ These bow in _honest_ duty and respect;
+ And these arrange a sofa or a chair,
+ And these conduct him there.
+ "Allow me, sir, the honor`;"--Then a bow
+ Down to the earth`.--_Is't_ possible to show
+ Meet gratitude for such kind condescension`!
+
+5. The poor man hung his head,
+ And to himself he said,
+ "This is indeed beyond my comprehension:"
+ Then looking round, one friendly face he found,
+ And said,--"Pray tell me why is wealth preferred
+ "To wisdom?"--"That's a silly question, friend!"
+ Replied the other,--"have you never heard.
+ A man may lend his store
+ Of gold or silver ore,
+ But wisdom none can borrow, none can lend?"
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. How do you account for the different inflections in the
+last line of the second verse? See page 31, Note I. 2. What rule for the
+falling inflection on _condescension_? See page 29, Note I.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XCIII.
+
+ EX HI BI' TIONS, displays.
+ CIR CUM SCRIB' ED, encompassed.
+ NA' VIES, ships of war.
+ ARM' A MENTS, forces equipped for war.
+ IM PED' ED, hindered, obstructed.
+ LE VI' A THAN, huge sea-monster.
+ MAG NIF' I CENCE, grandeur.
+ UN A BAT' ED, undiminished.
+ RE SERV' ED, kept.
+ EN TRANC' ED, enraptured.
+ PROM' ON TO RY, headland.
+ RE VEAL'ED, laid open.
+ SYM' BOL, token; sign.
+ AD A MAN TINE, exceedingly hard.
+ AP PER TAIN' ING, belonging.
+ TRANS FORM' ING, changing.
+
+[Headnote 1: AC' TI UM is the ancient name of a promontory of Albania,
+in Turkey in Europe, near which was fought (B.C. 29) the celebrated
+naval battle that made Augustus Caesar master of the Roman world.]
+
+[Headnote 2: SAL' A MIS, an island opposite Attica, in Greece, near
+which (B.C. 480) occurred the famous naval engagement which resulted in
+the defeat of the Persians.]
+
+[Headnote 3: NAV A RI' NO is a seaport town on the southwestern coast of
+Greece. It was the scene of the memorable victory of the combined
+English, French, and Russian fleets over those of the Turks and
+Egyptians, gained on the 20th of October, 1827.]
+
+[Headnote 4: TRA FAL GAR', a cape on the southwestern coast of Spain.
+It is famous for the great naval battle, fought in its vicinity,
+Oct. 21st, 1805, between the fleets of the French and Spanish on the
+one side, and the English, under Lord Nelson, on the other. The English
+were victorious, though Nelson was mortally wounded.]
+
+
+GRANDEUR OF THE OCEAN.
+
+WALTER COLTON.
+
+1. The most fearful and impressive exhibitions of power known to our
+globe, belong to the ocean. The volcano, with its ascending flame and
+falling torrents of fire, and the earthquake, whose footstep is on the
+ruin of cities, are circumscribed in the desolating range of their
+visitations. But the ocean, when it once rouses itself in its chainless
+strength, shakes a thousand shores with its storm and thunder. Navies of
+oak and iron are tossed in mockery from its crest, and armaments, manned
+by the strength and courage of millions, perish among its bubbles.
+
+2. The avalanche, shaken from its glittering steep, if it rolls to the
+bosom of the earth, melts away, and is lost in vapor; but if it plunge
+into the embrace of the ocean, this mountain mass of ice and hail is
+borne about for ages in tumult and terror; it is the drifting monument
+of the ocean's dead. The tempest on land is impeded by forests, and
+broken by mountains; but on the plain of the deep it rushes unresisted;
+and when its strength is at last spent, ten thousand giant waves still
+roll its terrors onward.
+
+3. The mountain lake and the meadow stream are inhabited only by the
+timid prey of the angler; but the ocean is the home of the
+leviathan,--his ways are in the mighty deep. The glittering pebble and
+the rainbow-tinted shell, which the returning tide has left on the
+shore, and the watery gem which the pearl-diver reaches at the peril of
+his life, are all that man can filch from the treasures of the sea. The
+groves of coral which wave over its pavements, and the halls of amber
+which glow in its depths, are beyond his approaches, save when he goes
+down there to seek, amid their silent magnificence, his burial monument.
+
+4. The islands, the continents, the shores of civilized and savage
+realms, the capitals of kings, are worn by time, washed away by the
+wave, consumed by the flame, or sunk by the earthquake; but the ocean
+still remains, and still rolls on in the greatness of its unabated
+strength. Over the majesty of its form and the marvel of its might, time
+and disaster have no power. Such as creation's dawn beheld, it rolleth
+now.
+
+5. The vast clouds of vapor which roll up from its bosom, float away to
+encircle the globe: on distant mountains and deserts they pour out their
+watery treasures, which gather themselves again in streams and torrents,
+to return, with exulting bounds, to their parent ocean. These are the
+messengers which proclaim in every land the exhaustless resources of the
+sea; but it is reserved for those who go down in ships, and who do
+business in the great waters, to see the works of the Lord and His
+wonders in the deep.
+
+6. Let one go upon deck in the middle watch of a still night, with
+naught above him but the silent and solemn skies, and naught around and
+beneath him but an interminable waste of waters, and with the conviction
+that there is but a plank between him and eternity, a feeling of
+loneliness, solitude, and desertion, mingled with a sentiment of
+reverence for the vast, mysterious and unknown, will come upon him with
+a power, all unknown before, and he might stand for hours entranced in
+reverence and tears.
+
+7. Man, also, has made the ocean the theater of _his_ power. The ship in
+which he rides that element, is one of the highest triumphs of his
+skill. At first, this floating fabric was only a frail bark, slowly
+urged by the laboring oar. The sail, at length, arose and spread its
+wings to the wind. Still he had no power to direct his course when the
+lofty promontory sunk from sight, or the orbs above him were lost in
+clouds. But the secret of the magnet is, at length, revealed to him, and
+his needle now settles, with a fixedness which love has stolen as the
+symbol of its constancy, to the polar star.
+
+8. Now, however, he can dispense even with sail, and wind, and flowing
+wave. He constructs and propels his vast engines of flame and vapor,
+and, through the solitude of the sea, as over the solid land, goes
+thundering on his track. On the ocean, too, thrones have been lost and
+won. On the fate of Actium [Headnote 1] was suspended the empire of the
+world. In the gulf of Salamis,[Headnote 2] the pride of Persia found a
+grave; and the crescent set forever in the waters of Navarino;[Headnote
+3] while, at Trafalgar [Headnote 4] and the Nile, nations held their
+breath,
+
+ As each gun,
+ From its adamantine lips,
+ Spread a death-shade round the ships
+ Like the hurricane's eclipse
+ Of the sun.
+
+9. But, of all the wonders appertaining to the ocean, the greatest,
+perhaps, is its transforming power on man. It unravels and weaves anew
+the web of his moral and social being. It invests him with feelings,
+associations, and habits, to which he has been an entire stranger. It
+breaks up the sealed fountain of his nature, and lifts his soul into
+features prominent as the cliffs which beetle over its surge.
+
+10. Once the adopted child of the ocean, he can never bring back his
+entire sympathies to land. He will still move in his dreams over that
+vast waste of waters, still bound in exultation and triumph through its
+foaming billows. All the other realities of life will be comparatively
+tame, and he will sigh for his tossing element, as the caged eagle for
+the roar and arrowy light of his mountain cataract.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What is said of the volcano and earthquake? 2. Of the
+avalanche and tempest? 3. Of the ocean? 4. Of ships? 5. Where have
+naval battles been fought? 6. What influence has the ocean on man?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XCIV.
+
+ RE LAX' ED, loosened.
+ AS SI DU' I TIES, kind, constant attentions.
+ CON SIGN' ED, committed; given over.
+ EX TE' RI OR, outer appearance.
+ UN AF FECT' ED, sincere.
+ UN PRE TEND' ING, unostentatious.
+ HA BIL' I MENTS, vestments.
+ SU PER STI' TIOUS, full of scruples.
+ REC' ON CILE, make willing.
+ PEN' E TRATES, sees through.
+ PER VADE', (PER, _through_; VADE, _go_, or _pass_;) pass
+ through; appear throughout.
+
+
+A BURIAL AT SEA.
+
+WALTER COLTON.
+
+1. Death is a fearful thing, come in what form it may,--fearful, when
+the vital chords are so gradually relaxed, that life passes away sweetly
+as music from the slumbering harp-string,--fearful, when in his own
+quiet chamber, the departing one is summoned by those who sweetly follow
+him with their prayers, when the assiduities of friendship and affection
+can go no farther, and who discourse of heaven and future blessedness,
+till the closing ear can no longer catch the tones of the long-familiar
+voice, and who, lingering near, still feel for the hushed pulse, and
+then trace in the placid slumber, which pervades each feature, a quiet
+emblem of the spirit's serene repose.
+
+2. What, then, must this dread event be to one, who meets it
+comparatively alone, far away from the hearth of his home, upon a
+troubled sea, between the narrow decks of a restless ship, and at that
+dread hour of night, when even the sympathies of the world seem
+suspended! Such has been the end of many who traverse the ocean; and
+such was the hurried end of him, whose remains we have just consigned to
+a watery grave.
+
+3. He was a sailor; but, beneath his rude exterior, he carried a heart
+touched with refinement, pride, and greatness. There was something about
+him, which spoke of better days and a higher destiny. By what errors or
+misfortunes he was reduced to his humble condition, was a secret which
+he would reveal to none. Silent, reserved, and thoughtful, he stood a
+stranger among his free companions, and never was his voice heard in the
+laughter or the jest. He has undoubtedly left behind many who will long
+look for his return, and bitterly weep when they are told they shall see
+his face no more.
+
+4. As the remains of the poor sailor were brought up on deck, wound in
+that hammock which, through many a stormy night, had swung to the wind,
+one could not but observe the big tear that stole unconsciously down the
+rough cheeks of his hardy companions. When the funeral service was read
+to that most affecting passage, "we commit this body to the deep," and
+the plank was raised which precipitated to the momentary eddy of the
+wave the quickly disappearing form, a heavy sigh from those around, told
+that the strong heart of the sailor can be touched with grief, and that
+a truly unaffected sorrow may accompany virtue, in its most unpretending
+form, to its ocean grave. Yet how soon is such a scene forgotten!
+
+ "As from the wing the sky no scar retains,
+ The parted wave no furrow from the keel,
+ So dies in human hearts the thought of death."
+
+5. There is something peculiarly melancholy and impressive in a burial
+at sea: there is here no coffin or hearse, procession or tolling
+bell,--nothing that gradually prepares us for the final separation. The
+body is wound in the drapery of its couch, much as if the deceased were
+only in a quiet and temporary sleep. In these habiliments of seeming
+slumber, it is dropped into the wave, the waters close over it, the
+vessel passes quickly on, and not a solitary trace is left to tell where
+sunk from light and life, one that loved to look at the sky and breathe
+this vital air.
+
+6. There is nothing that, for one moment, can point to the deep,
+unvisited resting-place of the departed,--it is a grave in the midst of
+the ocean,--in the midst of a vast, untrodden solitude. Affection can
+not approach it, with its tears; the dews of heaven can not reach it;
+and there is around it no violet, or shrub, or murmuring stream.
+
+7. It may be superstitious; but no advantages of wealth, or honor, or
+power, through life, would reconcile me at its close to such a burial. I
+would rather share the coarse and scanty provisions of the simplest
+cabin, and drop away unknown and unhonored by the world, so that my
+final resting-place be beneath some green tree, by the side of some
+living stream, or in some familiar spot, where the few that loved me in
+life, might visit me in death.
+
+8. But, whether our grave be in the fragrant shade, or in the fathomless
+ocean, among our kindred, or in the midst of strangers, the day is
+coming when we shall all appear at one universal bar, and receive from a
+righteous Judge the award of our deeds. He that is wisest, penetrates
+the future the deepest.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What is said of death? 2. What, of death at sea?
+3. What renders a burial at sea peculiarly melancholy and impressive?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XCV.
+
+ MYS TE' RI OUS, secret; mystical.
+ UN RECK' ED, unheeded.
+ AR' GO SIES, ships of great burden.
+ WR ATH' FUL, furious; raging.
+ PAL' A CES, splendid mansions.
+ SCORN' FUL, disdainful.
+ DE CAY', ruin; destruction.
+ BOOM' ING, roaring.
+ FES' TAL, joyous; merry.
+ RE CLAIM', claim again; recover.
+
+
+THE TREASURES OF THE DEEP.
+
+MRS. HERMANS.
+
+1. What hid'st thou in thy treasure-caves and cells?
+ Thou hollow-sounding and mysterious main!
+ Pale, glistening pearls, and rainbow-colored shells,
+ Bright things which gleam unrecked of, and in vain!
+ Keep, keep thy riches, melancholy sea!
+ We ask not such from thee.
+
+2. Yet more, the depths have more! what wealth untold,
+ Far down, and shining through their stillness lies!
+ Thou hast the starry gems, the burning gold,
+ Won from ten thousand royal argosies!
+ Sweep o'er thy spoils, thou wild and wrathful main!
+ Earth claims not _these_ again.
+
+3. Yet more, the depths have more! thy waves have rolled
+ Above the cities of a world gone by!
+ Sand hath filled up the palaces of old,
+ Sea-weed o'ergrown the halls of revelry.
+ Dash o'er them, Ocean! in thy scornful play!
+ Man yields them to decay.
+
+4. Yet more, the billows and the depths have more!
+ High hearts and brave are gathered to thy breast!
+ They hear not now the booming waters roar;
+ The battle-thunders will not break their rest.
+ Keep thy red gold and gems, thou stormy grave!
+ Give back the true and brave!
+
+5. Give back the lost and lovely,--those for whom
+ The place was kept at board and hearth so long,
+ The prayer went up through midnight's breathless gloom,
+ And the vain yearning woke 'midst festal song!
+ Hold fast thy buried isles, thy towers o'erthrown;
+ But all is not thine own.
+
+6. To thee the love of woman hath gone down;
+ Dark flow thy tides o'er manhood's noble head,
+ O'er youth's bright locks, and beauty's flowery crown,
+ Yet must thou hear a voice,--_Restore the dead!_
+ Earth shall reclaim her precious things from thee!
+ _Restore the dead, thou Sea!_
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What are some of the treasures of the deep? 2. What
+treasures has the sea won from trading vessels? 3. Over what does the
+sea roll? 4. What does the writer call on the sea to restore?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XCVI.
+
+ UN FOR' TU NATE, wretched person.
+ CER E MENTS, grave-clothes.
+ SCRU' TI NY, inquiry.
+ MU' TI NY, resistance to rightful rule.
+ WON' DER MENT, curiosity.
+ PROV' I DENCE, care; protection.
+ A MAZE' MENT, astonishment.
+ DIS' SO LUTE, abandoned; licentious.
+ SPUR' RED, pushed on; impelled.
+ CON' TU ME LY, scorn; insult.
+ IN HU MAN' I TY, cruel treatment.
+ IN SAN' I TY, madness.
+
+
+THE BRIDGE OF SIGHS.
+
+THOMAS HOOD.
+
+ 1. One more Unfortunate,
+ Weary of breath,
+ Rashly importunate,
+ Gone to her death!
+
+ 2. Take her up tenderly,
+ Lift her with care,
+ Fashioned so slenderly,
+ Young, and so fair!
+
+ 3. Look at her garments
+ Clinging like cerements;
+ While the wave constantly
+ Drips from her clothing;
+ Take her up instantly,
+ Loving, not loathing.
+
+ 4. Touch her not scornfully;
+ Think of her mournfully,
+ Gently and humanly;
+ Not of the stains of her;
+ All that remains of her
+ Now, is pure womanly.
+
+ 5. Make no deep scrutiny
+ Into her mutiny,
+ Rash and undutiful;
+ Past all dishonor,
+ Death has left on her
+ Only the beautiful.
+
+ 6. Loop up her tresses
+ Escaped from the comb,--
+ Her fair auburn tresses;
+ While wonderment guesses
+ Where was her home?
+
+ 7. Who was her father`?
+ Who was her mother`?
+ Had she a sister'?
+ Had she a brother'?
+ Or, was there a dearer one
+ Still, and a nearer one
+ Yet, than all other'?
+
+ 8. Alas! for the rarity
+ Of Christian charity
+ Under the sun!
+ Oh! it was pitiful!
+ Near a whole city full,
+ Home she had none.
+
+ 9. Sisterly, brotherly,
+ Fatherly, motherly,
+ Feelings had changed:
+ Love, by harsh evidence,
+ Thrown from its eminence;
+ Even God's providence
+ Seeming estranged.
+
+10. Where the lamps quiver
+ So far in the river,
+ With many a light
+ From window and casement,
+ From garret to basement,
+ She stood with amazement,
+ Houseless by night.
+
+11. The bleak winds of March
+ Made her tremble and shiver
+ But not the dark arch,
+ Or the black flowing river,
+ Mad from life's history,
+ Glad to death's mystery,
+ Swift to be hurled--
+ Anywhere, anywhere,
+ Out of the world!
+
+12. In she plunged boldly,
+ No matter how coldly
+ The rough river ran--
+ Picture it--think of it,
+ Dissolute Man!
+
+13. Take her up tenderly,
+ Lift her with care,
+ Fashioned so slenderly,
+ Young, and so fair!
+
+14. Perishing gloomily,
+ Spurred by contumely,
+ Cold inhumanity,
+ Burning insanity,
+ Into her rest,
+ Cross her hands humbly,
+ As if praying dumbly,
+ Over her breast!
+
+15. Owning her weakness,
+ Her evil behavior,
+ And leaving, with meekness,
+ Her sins to her Savior!
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XCVII.
+
+ RE' QUI EM, hymn in honor of the dead.
+ WED, joined; united.
+ HENCE' FORTH, hereafter.
+ DROOP, languish; fail.
+ AF FEC TION, love.
+ DIM' MED, dull; obscured.
+
+
+A REQUIEM.
+
+1. Breathe low, thou gentle wind,
+(pl) Breathe soft and low;
+ The beautiful lies dead!
+ The joy of life is fled!
+ And my lone heart is wed
+ Henceforth to woe!
+
+2. That thou should'st droop and die
+ At early morn!
+ While yet thy graceful dew
+ A joyous fragrance drew
+ From every flower that grew
+ Life's path along!
+
+3. The green earth mourns for thee,
+ Thou dearest one;
+ A plaintive tone is heard,
+ And flower and leaflet stirred,
+ And every fav'rite bird
+ Sings sad and lone.
+
+4. Pale is thy brow, and dimmed
+ Thy sparkling eye!
+ Affection's sweetest token
+ Is lost fore'er and broken!
+ The last kind word is spoken,--
+ Why did'st thou die?
+
+5. Breathe low, thou gentle wind,
+ Breathe soft and low;
+ The beautiful lies dead!
+ The joy of life is fled!
+ And my lone heart is wed
+ Henceforth to woe!
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What rule for changing _y_ into _i_ in the word
+_beautiful?_ See ANALYSIS, page 13, Rule XI. 2. Why are _r_ and _m_
+doubled in the words _stirred, dimmed?_ See Rule IX. 3. What is the
+meaning of the suffix _let_, in the word _leaflet?_ See page 240, Ex.
+185.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XCVIII.
+
+ LUX U' RI ANT, rich; plentiful.
+ UN OS TEN TA' TIOUS, plain; not showy.
+ RE VER EN' TIAL, deeply respectful.
+ RE CEP' TA CLE, place of reception.
+ SEM' I CIR CLE, half-circle.
+ REC OG NI' TION, act of knowing.
+ AG RI CUL' TUR AL, relating to farming.
+ BEN E DIC' TION, blessing.
+ DI' A RY, note-book; journal.
+ SO JOURN' ED, resided for a while.
+ AC CLA MA' TIONS, shouts.
+ TRI UMPH' AL, relating to victory.
+ GRAT U LA' TION, rejoicing.
+ IN AUG U RA' TION, act of investing with office.
+ EN FRAN' CHIS ED, freed; liberated.
+
+[Headnote 1: SAR COPH' A GUS, (SARCO, _flesh_; and PHAGUS, _that which
+eats or devours_,) is made up of two Greek words, signifying together
+_flesh-eating_, and was applied by the ancients to a species of stone,
+used for making coffins. Hence, sarcophagus came to signify a
+_stone-coffin_. The form of the plural in Latin, is _sarcophagi_.]
+
+[Headnote 2: BAS' TILE, (_bas' teel_,) an old state prison in Paris,
+built in 1369, and destroyed by a mob in 1789.]
+
+
+VISIT TO MOUNT VERNON.
+
+A.C. RITCHIE.
+
+1. At this moment, we drew near the rude wharf at Mount Vernon; the boat
+stopped, and the crowd of passengers landed. By a narrow pathway we
+ascended a majestic hill thickly draped with trees. The sun scarcely
+found its way through the luxuriant foliage. We mounted slowly, but had
+only spent a few minutes in ascending, when we came suddenly upon a
+picturesque nook, where a cluster of unostentatious, white marble
+shafts, shot from the greenly sodded earth, inclosed by iron railings.
+Those unpretending monuments mark the localities where repose the mortal
+remains of Washington's kindred.
+
+2. Just beyond stands a square brick building. In the center you see an
+iron gate. Here the crowd pauses in reverential silence. Men lift their
+hats and women bow their heads. You behold within, two sarcophagi.
+[Headnote 1] In those moldering tombs lie the ashes of the great
+Washington and his wife. Not a word is uttered as the crowd stand
+gazing on this lowly receptacle of the dust of America's mighty dead.
+
+3. Are there any in that group who can say, "this was _our_ country's
+father'?" If there be, can they stand pilgrims at that grave without
+Washington's examples, his counsels, his words, heretofore, it may be,
+half-forgotten, stealing back into their minds, until the sense of
+reverence and gratitude is deepened almost to awe? Do they not feel that
+Washington's spirit is abroad in the world, filling the souls of a
+heaven-favored people with the love of freedom and of country, though
+his ashes are gathered here'?
+
+4. Some one moves to pass on; and, with that first step, the spell is
+broken; others follow. Herman and Jessie linger last. After a period of
+mute and moving reflection, they turn away and slowly approach the
+mansion that, in simple, rural stateliness, stands upon a noble
+promontory, belted with woods, and half-girdled by the sparkling waters
+of the Potomac, which flow in a semicircle around a portion of the
+mount.
+
+5. The water and woodland view from the portico is highly imposing. But
+it was not the mere recognition of the picturesque and beautiful in
+nature, that moved Herman and Jessie. They would have felt that they
+were on holy ground, had the landscape been devoid of natural charm.
+Here the feet of the first of heroes had trod, and here, in boyhood, he
+had sported with his beloved brother Lawrence.
+
+6. In those forests, those deep-wooded glens, he had hunted, when a
+stripling, by the side of old Lord Fairfax; here he took his first
+lessons in the art of war; to this home he brought his bride; by this
+old-fashioned, hospitable-looking fireside, he sat with that dear and
+faithful wife; beneath yonder alley of lofty trees he has often wandered
+by her side; here he indulged the agricultural tastes in which he
+delighted; here resigned his Cincinnatus vocation, and bade adieu to his
+cherished home at the summons of his country.
+
+7. Here his wife received the letter which told her that he had been
+appointed Commander-in-chief of the army; here, when the glorious
+struggle closed at the trumpet notes of victory--when the British had
+retired--when, with tears coursing down his benignant, manly
+countenance, he had uttered a touching farewell--bestowed a paternal
+benediction on the American army, and resigned all public service--
+_here_ he returned, thinking to resume the rural pursuits that charmed
+him, and to end his days in peace!
+
+8. Here are the trees, the shrubbery he planted with his own hands, and
+noted in his diary; here are the columns of the portico round which he
+twined the coral honeysuckle; the ivy he transplanted still clings to
+yonder garden wall; these vistas he opened through yon pine groves to
+command far-off views! Here the valiant Lafayette sojourned with him;
+there hangs the key of the Bastile [Headnote 2] which he presented.
+
+9. Here flocked the illustrious men of all climes, and were received
+with warm, unpretending, almost rustic hospitality. Here the French
+Houdon modeled his statue, and the English Pine painted his portrait,
+and caused that jocose remark, "I am so hackneyed to the touches of the
+painters' pencil, that I am altogether at their beck, and sit like
+'Patience on a monument!'"
+
+10. Then came another summons from the land he had saved, and he was
+chosen by unanimous voice its chief ruler. Thousands of men, women, and
+children, sent up acclamations, and called down blessings on his head,
+as he made his triumphal progress from Mount Vernon to New York, to take
+the presidential oath. The roar of cannon rent the air. The streets
+through which he passed, were illuminated and decked with flags and
+wreaths. Bonfires blazed on the hills. From ships and boats floated
+festive decorations. At Gray's Ferry, he passed under triumphal arches.
+
+11. On the bridge across the Assumpink, at Trenton, (the very bridge
+over which he had retreated in such blank despair, before the army of
+Cornwallis, on the eve of the battle of Princeton,) thirteen pillars,
+twined with laurel and evergreens, were reared by woman's hands. The
+foremost of the arches those columns supported, bore the inscription,
+_"The Defender of the Mothers will he the Protector of the Daughters."_
+Mothers, with their white-robed daughters, were assembled beneath the
+vernal arcade. Thirteen maidens scattered flowers beneath his feet, as
+they sang an ode of gratulation. The people's hero ever after spoke of
+this tribute, as the one that touched him most deeply.
+
+13. When his first presidential term expired, and his heart yearned for
+the peace of his domestic hearth, the entreaties of Jefferson, Randolph,
+and Hamilton, forced him to forget that home for the one he held in the
+hearts of patriots, and to allow his name to be used a second time. A
+second time he was unanimously elected to preside over his country's
+welfare. But, the period happily expired, he thankfully laid aside the
+mantle of state, the scepter of power, and, five days after the
+inauguration of Adams, returned here to his Mount Vernon home. And here
+the good servant, whom his Lord, when He came, found watching and ready,
+calmly yielded up his breath, exclaiming, "It is well!" and his spirit
+was wafted to Heaven by the blessings of his enfranchised countrymen.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Where is Mount Vernon? 2. What is said of Washington's
+tomb? 3. Mention some of the things which he did here? 4. What
+demonstrations were made by the people, as he went to New York to take
+the oath of office? 5. Did he serve more than one term as President?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON XCIX.
+
+ CHIV' AL ROUS, gallant; heroic.
+ HAL' LOW, consecrate; keep sacred.
+ MER' CE NA RY, mean; venal.
+ AD VEN' TUR ER, fortune-seeker.
+ VAN' QUISH ED, conquered.
+ OUT' CAST, exile; castaway.
+ TRAP' PINGS, ornaments; equipments.
+ CRU SADE', battle zealously.
+ CA REER' ED, moved rapidly.
+ PHAL' ANX, compact body of men.
+ TRANS PORT' ING, exulting.
+ TRO PHIES, memorials of victory.
+ PA' GEANT, pompous; showy.
+ MIN' ION, favorite.
+
+
+LA FAYETTE.
+
+CHARLES SPRAGUE.
+
+1. While we bring our offerings for the mighty of our _own_ land, shall
+we not remember the chivalrous spirits of _other_ shores, who shared
+with them the hour of weakness and woe'? Pile to the clouds the majestic
+column of glory`; let the lips of those who can speak well, hallow each
+spot where the bones of your bold repose`; but forget not those who,
+with your bold, went out to battle.
+
+2. Among those men of noble daring, there was _one_, a young and gallant
+stranger, who left the blushing vine-hills of his delightful France. The
+people whom he came to succor, were not _his_ people; he knew them only
+in the melancholy story of their wrongs. He was no mercenary adventurer,
+striving for the spoil of the vanquished; the palace acknowledged him
+for its lord, and the valley yielded him its increase. He was no
+nameless man, staking life for reputation; he ranked among nobles, and
+looked unawed upon kings.
+
+3. He was no friendless outcast, seeking for a grave to hide a broken
+heart; he was girdled by the companions of his childhood; his kinsmen
+were about him; his wife was before him. Yet from all these loved ones
+he turned away. Like a lofty tree that shakes down its green glories, to
+battle with the winter storm, he flung aside the trappings of place and
+pride, to crusade for Freedom, in Freedom's holy land. He came`; but not
+in the day of successful rebellion', not when the new-risen sun of
+Independence had burst the cloud of time, and careered to its place in
+the heavens'.
+
+4. He came when darkness curtained the hills, and the tempest was abroad
+in its anger`; when the plow stood still in the field of promise, and
+briers cumbered the garden of beauty`; when fathers were dying, and
+mothers were weeping over them`; when the wife was binding up the gashed
+bosom of her husband, and the maiden was wiping the death-damp from the
+brow of her lover`. He came when the brave began to fear the power of
+man, and the pious to doubt the favor of God. It was _then_ that this
+one joined the ranks of a revolted people.
+
+5. Freedom's little phalanx bade him a grateful welcome. With them he
+courted the battle's rage; with theirs, his arm was lifted; with theirs,
+his blood was shed. Long and doubtful was the conflict. At length, kind
+Heaven smiled on the good cause, and the beaten invaders fled. The
+profane were driven from the temple of Liberty, and, at her pure shrine,
+the pilgrim-warrior, with his adored commander, knelt and worshiped.
+Leaving there his offering, the incense of an uncorrupted spirit, he at
+length rose, and, crowned with benedictions, turned his happy feet
+toward his long-deserted home.
+
+6. After nearly fifty years, that _one_ has come again. Can mortal
+tongue tell? can mortal heart feel, the sublimity of that coming?
+Exulting millions rejoice in it; and their loud, long, transporting
+shout, like the mingling of many winds, rolls on, undying, to Freedom's
+farthest mountains. A congregated nation comes around him. Old men bless
+him, and children reverence him. The lovely come out to look upon him;
+the learned deck their halls to greet him; the rulers of the land rise
+up to do him homage.
+
+7. How his full heart labors! He views the rusting trophies of departed
+days; he treads the high places where his brethren molder; he bends
+before the tomb of his "father;" [Footnote: Washington] his words are
+tears,--the speech of sad remembrance. But he looks round upon a
+ransomed land and a joyous race; he beholds the blessings these trophies
+secured, for which these brethren died, for which that "father" lived;
+and again his words are tears,--the eloquence of gratitude and joy.
+
+8. Spread forth creation like a map; bid earth's dead multitudes revive;
+and of all the pageant splendors that ever glittered to the sun, when
+looked his burning eye on a sight like this? Of all the myriads that
+have come and gone, what cherished minion ever ruled an hour like this?
+Many have struck the redeeming blow for their own freedom; but who, like
+this man, has bared his bosom in the cause of strangers?
+
+9. Others have lived in the love of their own people; but who, like this
+man, has drank his sweetest cup of welcome with another? Matchless
+chief! of glory's immortal tablets there is one for him, for _him_
+alone! Oblivion shall never shroud its splendor; the everlasting flame
+of Liberty shall guard it, that the generations of men may repeat the
+name recorded there, the beloved name of LA FAYETTE.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Of what country was La Fayette a native? 2. What was his
+position at home? 3. In what condition was this country when he came to
+join our army? 4. How many years after, before he revisited this
+country? 5. What demonstrations were manifested by the people? 6. What
+is said of his fame?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON C.
+
+ PRO FU' SION, abundance; variety.
+ CON FU' SION, intricacy; indistinct movement.
+ COM MO TION, agitation; shaking.
+ RE SULT', effect.
+ DI MIN' ISH, lessen.
+ MYS' TER Y, maze; secrecy.
+ HIS' TO RY, plain matter of fact.
+ PA' GES, boy-servants; attendants.
+ SPAR' RING, boxing; disputing.
+ PUP' PETS, dolls; small figures of persons.
+ FIN ISH, completion.
+ GLO' RI OUS, grand; splendid.
+ RE JECT, refuse; deny.
+ RE FLECT' ED, turned back; borrowed.
+
+
+THE MYSTIC WEAVER.
+
+REV. DR. HARBAUGH.
+
+ 1. Weaver at his loom is sitting,
+ Throws his shuttle to and fro;
+ Foot and treadle,
+ Hand and pedal,
+ Upward, downward,
+ Hither, thither,
+ How the weaver makes them go!
+ As the weaver _wills_ they go.
+ Up and down the web is plying,
+ And across the woof is flying;
+ What a rattling!
+ What a battling!
+ What a shuffling!
+ What a scuffling!
+ As the weaver makes his shuttle,
+ Hither, thither, scud and scuttle.
+
+ 2. Threads in single,
+ Threads in double;
+ How they mingle!
+ What a trouble,
+ Every color!
+ What profusion!
+ Every motion--
+ What confusion!
+ While the web and woof are mingling,
+ Signal bells above are jingling,
+ Telling how each figure ranges,
+ Telling when the color changes,
+ As the weaver makes his shuttle,
+ Hither, thither, scud and scuttle.
+
+ 3. Weaver at his loom is sitting,
+ Throws his shuttle to and fro;
+ 'Mid the noise and wild confusion,
+ Well the weaver seems to know,
+ As he makes his shuttle go,
+ What each motion,
+ And commotion,
+ What each fusion,
+ And confusion,
+ In the _grand result_ will show:
+ Weaving daily,
+ Singing gayly,
+ As he makes his busy shuttle,
+ Hither, thither, scud and scuttle.
+
+ 4. Weaver at his loom is sitting,
+ Throws his shuttle to and fro;
+ See you not how shape and order
+ From the wild confusion grow,
+ As he makes his shuttle go'?
+ As the web and woof diminish,
+ Grows beyond the beauteous finish:
+ Tufted plaidings,
+ Shapes and shadings,
+ All the mystery
+ Now is history:
+ And we see the reason subtle,
+ Why the weaver makes his shuttle,
+ Hither, thither, scud and scuttle.
+
+ 5. See the Mystic Weaver sitting,
+ High in Heaven--His loom below.
+ Up and down the treadles go:
+ Takes for web the world's long ages,
+ Takes for woof its kings and sages,
+ Takes the nobles and their pages,
+ Takes all stations and all stages.
+ Thrones are bobbins in His shuttle;
+ Armies make them scud and scuttle.
+
+ 6. Web into the woof must flow,
+ Up and down the nations go,
+ As the Weaver _wills_ they go.
+ Men are sparring,
+ Powers are jarring,
+ Upward, downward,
+ Hither, thither,
+ See how strange the nations go,
+ Just like puppets in a show.
+ Up and down the web is plying
+ And across the woof is flying.
+ What a rattling!
+ What a battling!
+ What a shuffling!
+ What a scuffling!
+ As the Weaver makes His shuttle
+ Hither, thither, scud and scuttle.
+
+ 7. Calmly see the Mystic Weaver,
+ Throw His shuttle to and fro;
+ 'Mid the noise and wild confusion,
+ Well the Weaver seems to know
+ What each motion
+ And commotion,
+ What each fusion
+ And confusion,
+ In the grand result will show,
+ As the nations,
+ Kings and stations,
+ Upward, downward,
+ Hither, thither,
+ As in mystic dances, go.
+
+ 8. In the Present all is mystery,
+ In the Past 'tis beauteous History.
+ O'er the mixing and the mingling,
+ How the signal bells are jingling!
+ See you not the Weaver leaving
+ Finished work behind in weaving'?
+ See you not the reason subtle,
+ As the web and woof diminish,
+ Changing into beauteous finish,
+ Why the Weaver makes His shuttle,
+ Hither, thither, scud and scuttle'?
+
+ 9. _Glorious wonder_! What a weaving!
+ To the dull beyond believing!
+ Such no fabled ages know.
+ Only Faith can see the mystery
+ How, along the aisle of History
+ Where the feet of sages go,
+ Loveliest to the purest eyes,
+ Grand the mystic tapet lies!
+ Soft and smooth and even-spreading
+ As if made for angels' treading;
+ Tufted circles touching ever,
+ Inwrought figures fading never;
+ Every figure has its plaidings,
+ Brighter form and softer shadings;
+ Each illuminated,--what a riddle!--
+ From a Cross that gems the middle.
+
+10. 'Tis a saying--some reject it,--
+ That its light is all reflected:
+ That the tapet's hues are given
+ By a Sun that shines in Heaven!
+ 'Tis believed, by all believing
+ That great God Himself is weaving!
+ Bringing out the world's dark mystery
+ In the light of Faith and History;
+ And, as web and woof diminish,
+ Comes the grand and glorious finish:
+ When begin the golden ages,
+ Long foretold by seers and sages.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Describe the process of weaving. 2. Who are weaving the
+web of history?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CI.
+
+ CON FOUND', perplex; confuse.
+ WOOF, cloth; texture.
+ RAR' ER, scarcer; more excellent.
+ PRAI' RIES, large tracts of land, with few trees, and covered
+ with grass.
+ SAV' AGE, wild; uncultivated.
+ SAVAN'NA, open meadow or plain.
+ PI O NEERS', persons that go before to prepare the way for
+ others.
+ SCOUTS, spies.
+ HEART' EN, encourage.
+ SCAN' NED, closely examined.
+ CLEAV' ING, parting; separating.
+ HOL' I DAY, day of rest or joy.
+
+
+WORK AWAY.
+
+HARPERS' MAGAZINE.
+
+1. Work away!
+ For the Master's eye is on us,
+ Never off us, still upon us,
+ Night and day!
+ Work away!
+ Keep the busy fingers plying,
+ Keep the ceaseless shuttles flying,
+ See that never thread lie wrong;
+ Let not clash or clatter round us,
+ Sound of whirring wheels, confound us;
+ Steady hand! let woof be strong
+ And firm, that has to last so long?
+ Work away!
+
+2. Keep upon the anvil ringing
+ Stroke of hammer; on the gloom
+ Set 'twixt cradle and the tomb,
+ Showers of fiery sparkles flinging;
+ Keep the mighty furnace glowing;
+ Keep the red ore hissing, flowing
+ Swift within the ready mold;
+ See that each one than the old
+ Still be fitter, still be fairer
+ For the servant's use, and rarer
+ For the Master to behold:
+ Work away!
+
+3. Work away!
+ For the Leader's eye is on us,
+ Never off us, still upon us,
+ Night and day!
+ Wide the trackless prairies round us,
+ Dark and unsunned woods surround us,
+ Steep and savage mountains bound us;
+ Far away
+ Smile the soft savannas green,
+ Rivers sweep and roll between:
+ Work away!
+
+4. Bring your axes, woodmen true;
+ Smite the forest till the blue
+ Of heaven's sunny eye looks through
+ Every wild and tangled glade;
+ Jungled swamp and thicket shade
+ Give to day!
+
+5. O'er the torrents fling your bridges,
+ Pioneers! Upon the ridges
+ Widen, smooth the rocky stair,--
+ They that follow far behind
+ Coming after us, will find
+ Surer, easier footing there;
+ Heart to heart, and hand with hand,
+ From the dawn to dusk of day,
+ Work away!
+ Scouts upon the mountain's peak,--
+ Ye that see the Promised Land,
+ Hearten us! for ye can speak
+ Of the Country ye have scanned,
+ Far away!
+
+6. Work away!
+ For the Father's eye is on us,
+ Never off us, still upon us,
+ Night and day!
+ WORK AND PRAY!
+ Pray! and Work will be completer;
+ Work! and Prayer will be the sweeter;
+ Love! and Prayer and Work the fleeter
+ Will ascend upon their way!
+
+7. Fear not lest the busy finger
+ Weave a net the soul to stay;
+ Give her wings,--she will not linger,
+ Soaring to the source of day;
+ Clearing clouds that still divide us
+ From the azure depths of rest,
+ She will come again! beside us,
+ With the sunshine on her breast,
+ Sit, and sing to us, while quickest
+ On their task the fingers move,
+ While the outward din wars thickest,
+ Songs that she hath learned above.
+
+8. Live in Future as in Present;
+ Work for both while yet the day
+ Is our own! for lord and peasant,
+ Long and bright as summer's day,
+ Cometh, yet more sure, more pleasant,
+ Cometh soon our Holiday;
+ Work away!
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CII.
+
+ PROP O SI' TION, proposal.
+ AD HE' SION, attraction.
+ AB SURD I TY, folly; nonsense.
+ VIS' ION ARY, fanciful; imaginary.
+ DIS CUS' SION, debate; controversy.
+ THE' O RY, idea; scheme of doctrine.
+ AM BAS' SA DOR, messenger; deputy.
+ NAV' I GA TORS, voyagers; seamen.
+ SPEC U LA' TION, theory; mental view.
+ EN' TER PRISE, attempt; undertaking.
+ FRI VOL' I TY, levity; triflingness.
+ PRE SENT' I MENT, previous notice.
+
+ AN TIP' O DES, (ANTI, _opposite_; PODES, _the feet_;) having
+ their feet opposite to ours; that is, living on the other side
+ of the earth.
+
+[Headnote 1: GEN O ESE', a native of Genoa,--a famous fortified seaport
+city in Northern Italy.]
+
+[Headnote 2: LAC TAN' TIUS, one of the fathers of the Latin church, born
+about the year A.D. 250. He was celebrated as a teacher of eloquence,
+and before his conversion to Christianity, had so successfully studied
+the great Roman orator that he afterwards received the appellation of
+the "Christian Cicero."]
+
+
+QUEEN ISABELLA'S RESOLVE.
+
+FROM VINET.
+
+
+ QUEEN ISABELLA OF SPAIN, DON GOMEZ, AND COLUMBUS.
+
+_Isabella._ And so, Don Gomez, it is your conclusion that we ought to
+dismiss the proposition of this worthy Genoese.[Headnote 1]
+
+_Don Gomez._ His scheme, your majesty, seems to me fanciful in the
+extreme; but I am a plain matter-of-fact man, and do not see visions and
+dreams, like some.
+
+_Isa._ And yet Columbus has given us cogent reasons for believing that
+it is practicable to reach the eastern coast of India by sailing in a
+westerly direction.
+
+_Don G._ Admitting that his theory is correct, namely, that the earth is
+a sphere, how would it be possible for him to return, if he once
+descended that sphere in the direction he proposes`? Would not the
+coming back be all up-hill'? Could a ship accomplish it with even the
+most favorable wind'?
+
+_Columbus._ Will your majesty allow me to suggest that, if the earth is
+a sphere, the same laws of adhesion and motion must operate at every
+point on its surface; and the objection of Don Gomez would be quite as
+valid against our being able to return from crossing the Strait of
+Gibraltar.
+
+_Don G._ This gentleman, then, would have us believe the monstrous
+absurdity, that there are people on the earth who are our
+antipodes,--who walk with their heads down, like flies on the ceiling.
+
+_Col._ But, your majesty, if there is a law of attraction which makes
+matter gravitate to the earth, and prevents its flying off into space,
+may not this law operate at every point on the round earth's surface'?
+
+_Isa._ Truly, it so seems to me; and I perceive nothing absurd in the
+notion that this earth is a globe floating or revolving in space.
+
+_Don G._ May it please your majesty, the ladies are privileged to give
+credence to many wild tales which we plain matter-of-fact men can not
+admit. Every step I take, confutes this visionary idea of the earth's
+rotundity. Would not the blood run into my head, if I were standing
+upside down! Were I not fearful of offending your majesty, I would quote
+what the great Lactantius [Headnote 2] says.
+
+_Isa_. We are not vain of our science, Don Gomez; so let us have the
+quotation.
+
+_Don G_. "Is there any one so foolish," he asks, "as to believe that
+there are antipodes with their feet opposite to ours,--that there is a
+part of the world in which all things are topsy-turvy, where the trees
+grow with their branches downward, and where it rains, hails, and snows,
+upward'?"
+
+_Col_. I have already answered this objection. If there are people on
+the earth who are our antipodes, it should be remembered that we are
+theirs also.
+
+_Don G_. Really, that is the very point wherein we matter-of-fact men
+abide by the assurance of our own senses. We know that we are not
+walking with our heads downward.
+
+_Isa_. To cut short the discussion, you think that the enterprise which
+the Genoese proposes, is one unworthy of our serious consideration; and
+that his theory of an unknown shore to the westward of us is a fallacy.
+
+_Don G_. As a plain matter-of-fact man, I must confess that I so regard
+it. Has your majesty ever seen an ambassador from this unknown coast?
+
+_Isa_. Don Gomez, do you believe in the existence of a world of spirits?
+Have you ever seen an ambassador from that unknown world?
+
+_Don G_. Certainly not. By faith we look forward to it.
+
+_Isa_. Even so by faith does the Genoese look forward, far over misty
+ocean, to an undiscovered shore.
+
+_Col._ Your majesty is right; but let it be added that I have reasons,
+oh! most potent and resistless reasons, for the faith that is in me: the
+testimony of many navigators who have picked up articles that must have
+drifted from this distant coast: the nature of things, admitting that
+the earth is round: the reports current among the people of one of the
+northern nations, that many years ago their mariners had sailed many
+leagues westward till they reached a shore where the grape grew
+abundantly; these and other considerations have made it the fixed
+persuasion of my mind, that there is a great discovery reserved for the
+man who will sail patiently westward, trusting in God's good providence,
+and turning not back till he has achieved his purpose.
+
+_Don G._ Then truly we should never hear of him again. Speculation! mere
+speculation, your majesty! When this gentleman can bring forward some
+solid facts that will induce us plain matter-of-fact men to risk money
+in forwarding his enterprise, it will then be time enough for royalty to
+give it heed. Why, your majesty, the very boys in the streets point at
+their foreheads as he passes along.
+
+_Isa._ And so you bring forward the frivolity of boys jeering at what
+they do not comprehend, as an argument why Isabella should not give heed
+to this great and glorious scheme? Ay, sir, though it should fail,
+still, it has been urged in language so intelligent and convincing, by
+this grave and earnest man, whom you think to undervalue by calling him
+an adventurer, that I am resolved to test the "absurdity," as you style
+it, and that forthwith.
+
+_Don G._ Your majesty will excuse me if I remark, that I have from your
+royal consort himself the assurance that the finances are so exhausted
+by the late wars, that he can not consent to advance the necessary funds
+for fitting out an expedition of the kind proposed.
+
+_Isa._ Be _mine_, then, the privilege! I have jewels, by the pledging of
+which I can raise the amount required; and I have resolved that they
+shall be pledged to this enterprise, without any more delay.
+
+_Col._ Your majesty shall not repent your heroic resolve. I will return,
+your majesty; be sure I will return, and lay at your feet such a jewel
+as never queen wore yet, an imperishable fame,--a fame that shall couple
+with your memory the benedictions of millions yet unborn, in climes yet
+unknown to civilized man. There is an uplifting presentiment in my mind,
+a conviction that your majesty will live to bless the hour you came to
+this decision.
+
+_Don G._ A presentiment? A plain matter-of-fact man, like myself, must
+take leave of your majesty, if his practical common-sense is to be met
+and superseded by presentiments! An ounce of fact, your majesty, is
+worth a ton of presentiment.
+
+_Isa._ That depends altogether upon the source of the presentiment, Don
+Gomez. If it come from the Fountain of all truth, shall it not be good?
+
+_Don G._ I humbly take my leave of your majesty.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What reasons did Don Gomez advance in proof that the
+earth is not a sphere? 2. What argument did Columbus present in proof
+that it was? 3. What did Queen Isabella resolve to do?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CIII.
+
+ CON FIRM' ING, corroborating.
+ AS SUR AN CES, assertions.
+ MU TI NEER', one who resists orders.
+ IN FER' RED, concluded.
+ CRAV' ED, begged.
+ AS SO' CIA TING, joining; connecting.
+ EX PEC TA' TION, hope; a looking for.
+ VER' I FIED, made true; realized.
+ PHOS PHO RES' CENCE, faint light.
+ HES I TA' TION, doubt.
+ EN JOIN' ING, commanding; ordering.
+ AM PHI THE' A TER, circular theater.
+ CON TR AST' ED, set in opposition.
+ DE MEAN' OR, behavior.
+ DE FAULT', defect; absence.
+ IN SIG' NIA, marks; signs.
+ IN I' TIALS, first letters.
+ DEV AS TA TION, a laying waste.
+
+
+DISCOVERY OF THE NEW WORLD.
+
+LAMARTINE.
+
+1. At sunrise, on the second day, some rashes recently torn up, were
+seen near the vessels. A plank, evidently hewn by an ax, a stick
+skillfully carved by some cutting instrument, a bough of hawthorn in
+blossom,--and lastly, a bird's nest built on a branch which the wind
+had broken, and full of eggs, on which the parent bird was sitting amid
+the gently-rolling waves,--were seen floating past on the waters. The
+sailors brought on board these living and inanimate witnesses of their
+approach to land. They were a voice from the shore, confirming the
+assurances of Columbus. Before the land actually appeared in sight, its
+neighborhood was inferred from these marks of life.
+
+2. The mutineers fell on their knees before the Admiral, whom they had
+insulted but the day before, craved pardon for their mistrust, and
+struck up a hymn of thanksgiving to God for associating them with this
+triumph. Night fell on these songs welcoming a new world. The Admiral
+gave orders that the sails should be close-reefed, and the lead kept
+going; and that they should sail slowly, being afraid of breakers and
+shoals, and feeling certain that the first gleam of daybreak would
+discover land under their bows.
+
+3. On the last anxious night none slept. Impatient expectation had
+removed all heaviness from their eyes; the pilots and the seamen,
+clinging about the masts, yards, and shrouds, each tried to keep the
+best place and the closest watch to get the earliest sight of the new
+hemisphere. The Admiral had offered a reward to the first who should cry
+_Land_, provided his announcement was verified by its actual discovery.
+
+4. Providence, however, reserved to Columbus himself this first glimpse,
+which he had purchased at the expense of twenty years of his life, and
+of untiring perseverance. While walking the quarter-deck alone, at
+midnight, and sweeping the dark horizon with his keen eye, a gleam of
+fire passed and disappeared, and again showed itself on the level of the
+waves. Fearful of being deceived by the phosphorescence of the sea, he
+quietly called a Spanish gentleman of Isabella's court, in whom he had
+more confidence than in the pilots, pointed out the direction in which
+he had seen the light, and asked him whether he could discern any thing
+there.
+
+5. He replied that he did, indeed, see a flickering light in that
+quarter. To make the fact still more sure, Columbus called another in
+whom he had confidence to look in the same direction. He said he had no
+hesitation in pronouncing that there was a light on the horizon. But the
+blaze was hardly seen before it again disappeared in the ocean, to show
+itself anew the next moment. Whether it was the light of a fire on a low
+shore, alternately appearing and disappearing beyond the broken horizon,
+or whether it was the floating beacon of a fisherman's boat now rising
+on the waves, and now sinking in the trough of the sea, they could not
+determine.
+
+6. Thus both land and safety appeared together in the shape of fire to
+Columbus and his two friends, on the night between the 11th and 12th of
+October, 1492. The Admiral, enjoining silence, kept his observation to
+himself, for fear of again raising false hopes, and giving a bitter
+disappointment to his ships' companies. He lost sight of the light, and
+remained on deck until two in the morning,--praying, hoping, and
+despairing alone, awaiting the _triumph or the return_ on which the
+morrow was to decide.
+
+7. He was seized with that anguish which precedes the great discoveries
+of truth, when, suddenly, a cannon-shot, sounding over the sea, a few
+hundred yards in advance of him, burst upon his ear the announcement of
+a _new-born world_, which made him tremble, and fall upon his knees. It
+was the signal of land in sight! made by firing a shot, as had been
+arranged with the _Pinta_, which was sailing in advance of the squadron,
+to guide their course and take soundings.
+
+8. At this signal a general shout of _"Land ho!"_ arose from all the
+yards and riggings of the ships. The sails were furled, and daybreak was
+anxiously awaited. The mystery of the ocean had breathed its first
+whisper in the bosom of night. Daybreak would clear it up openly to
+every eye. Delicious and unknown perfumes reached the vessels from the
+outline of the shore, with the roar of the waves upon the reefs and the
+soft land breeze.
+
+9. The fire seen by Columbus indicated the presence of man, and of the
+first element of civilization. Never did the night appear so long in
+clearing away from the horizon; for this horizon was to Columbus and his
+companions a second creation of God. The dawn, as it spread over the
+sky, gradually raised the shores of an island from the waves. Its
+distant extremities were lost in the morning mist. It ascended
+gradually, like an amphitheater, from the low beach to the summit of the
+hills, whose dark-green covering contrasted strongly with the blue
+heavens.
+
+10. Within a few paces from where the foam of the waves breaks on the
+yellow sand, forests of tall and unknown trees stretched away, one above
+another, over the successive terraces of the island. Green valleys and
+bright clefts in the hollows, afforded a half glimpse into these
+mysterious wilds. Here and there could be discovered a few scattered
+huts, which, with their outlines and roofs of dry leaves, looked like
+bee-hives, and thin columns of blue smoke rose above the tops of the
+trees. Half-naked groups of men, women, and children, more astonished
+than frightened, appeared among the thickets near the shore, advancing
+timidly, and then drawing back, exhibiting, by their gestures and
+demeanor, as much fear as curiosity and wonder, at the sight of these
+strange vessels, which the previous night had brought to their shores.
+
+11. Columbus, after gazing in silence on this foremost shore of the land
+so often determined by his calculations, and so magnificently colored by
+his imagination, found it to exceed even his own expectations. He burned
+with impatience to be the first European to set foot on the sand, and to
+plant the flag of Spain,--the standard of the conquest of God and of his
+sovereigns, effected by his genius. But he restrained the eagerness of
+himself and of his crew to land, being desirous of giving to the act of
+taking possession of a new world, a _solemnity_ worthy of the greatest
+deed, perhaps, ever accomplished by a seaman; and, in default of men, to
+call God and His angels, sea, earth, and sky, as witnesses of his
+conquest of an unknown hemisphere.
+
+12. He put on all the insignia of his dignities as Admiral of the Ocean,
+and the Viceroy of these future realms; he wrapped himself in his purple
+cloak, and taking in his hand an embroidered flag, in which the initials
+of Ferdinand and Isabella were interlaced, like their two kingdoms, and,
+surmounted by a crown, he entered his boat, and pulled toward the shore,
+followed by the boats of his two lieutenants.
+
+13. On landing, he fell on his knees, to acknowledge, by this act of
+humility and worship, the goodness and greatness of God in this new
+sphere of His works. He kissed the ground, and, with his face on the
+earth, he wept tears of double import, as they fell on the dust of this
+hemisphere, now, for the first time, visited by Europeans,--tears of joy
+for the overflowing of a proud spirit, grateful and pious,--tears of
+sadness for this virgin soil, seeming to foreshadow the calamities, and
+devastation, with fire and sword, and blood and destruction, which the
+strangers were to bring with their pride, their knowledge, and their
+power.
+
+14. It was the _man_ that shed these tears; but it was the _earth_ that
+was destined to weep. As Columbus raised his forehead from the dust,
+with a Latin prayer, which his companions have handed down to us, he
+thus addressed the Sovereign Ruler of the world: (_sl_.) "Almighty and
+eternal God, who, by the energy of thy creative word, hast made the
+firmament, the earth, and sea, blessed and glorified be Thy name in all
+places! May Thy majesty and dominion be exalted forever and ever, as
+Thou hast permitted Thy holy name to be made known and spread by the
+most humble of Thy servants, in this hitherto unknown portion of Thy
+empire."
+
+15. He then gave to this land the name of San Salvador. His lieutenants,
+his pilots, and his seamen, full of gladness, and impressed with a
+superstitious respect for him whose glance had pierced beyond the
+visible horizon, and whom they had offended by their unbelief,--overcome
+by the evidence of their eyes, and by that mental superiority which
+overawes the minds of men,--fell at the feet of the Admiral, kissed his
+hands and his clothes, and recognized, for a moment, the power and the
+almost divine nature of genius; _yesterday_ the victims of his
+obstinacy,--_now_ the companions of his success, and sharers in the
+glory which they had mocked. Such is humanity,--persecuting discoverers,
+yet reaping the fruits of their inventions.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What evidences had Columbus that land was near? 2. What
+did the mutineers do? 3. In what month and year was the _new world_
+discovered? 4. What is said of the natives? 5. What did Columbus do on
+landing? 6. What was the conduct of the officers and seamen?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CIV.
+
+ FER' MENT, heat; glow.
+ EN THU' SI ASM, excitement.
+ PRO DIG' IOUS, very great.
+ SPEC I MENS, samples.
+ LEAGU' ED, joined; banded.
+ PER SUAD' ED, convinced.
+ PRE POS' TEROUS, absurd; ridiculous.
+ VAUNT' ED, boasted.
+ DE LU' SION, deception.
+ CRED' U LOUS, apt to believe.
+ UN RE LI' A BLE, untrustworthy.
+ SUS PI'' CION, doubt; mistrust.
+
+
+THE RETURN OF COLUMBUS.
+
+VINET.
+
+
+DON GOMEZ AND HIS SECRETARY.
+
+_Don Gomez_. WHAT! what is this you tell me? Columbus returned? A new
+world discovered? Impossible!
+
+_Secretary_. It is even so, sir. A courier arrived at the palace but an
+hour since with the intelligence. Columbus was driven by stress of
+weather to anchor in the Tagus. All Portugal is in a ferment of
+enthusiasm, and all Spain will be equally excited soon. The sensation is
+prodigious!
+
+_Don G_. Oh, it is a trick! It must be a trick!
+
+_Sec_. But he has brought home the proofs of his visit,--gold and
+precious stones, strange plants and animals; and, above all, specimens
+of a new race of men, copper-colored, with straight hair.
+
+_Don G_. Still I say, a trick! He has been coasting along the African
+shore, and there collected a few curiosities, which he is passing off
+for proofs of his pretended discovery.
+
+_Sec_. It is a little singular that all his men should be leagued with
+him in keeping up so unprofitable a falsehood.
+
+_Don G_. But 'tis against reason, against common sense, that such a
+discovery should be made.
+
+_Sec_. King John of Portugal has received him with royal magnificence,
+has listened to his accounts, and is persuaded that they are true.
+
+_Don G._ We shall see, we shall see. Look you, sir, a plain
+matter-of-fact man, such as I, is not to be taken in by any such
+preposterous story! This vaunted discovery will turn out no discovery at
+all.
+
+_Sec._ The king and queen have given orders for preparations on the most
+magnificent scale for the reception of Columbus.
+
+_Don G._ What delusion! Her majesty is so credulous. A practical,
+common-sense man, like myself, can find no points of sympathy in her
+nature.
+
+_Sec._ The Indians on board the returned vessels, are said to be unlike
+any known race of men.
+
+_Don G._ Very unreliable all that! I take the common-sense view of the
+thing. I am a matter-of-fact man; and do you remember what I say, it
+will all turn out a trick! The crews may have been deceived. Columbus
+may have steered a southerly course, instead of a westerly. Any thing is
+probable, rather than that a coast to the westward of us has been
+discovered.
+
+_Sec._ I saw the courier, who told me he had conversed with all the
+sailors; and they laughed at the suspicion that there could be any
+mistake about the discovery, or that any other than a westerly course
+had been steered.
+
+_Don G._ Still I say, a trick! An unknown coast reached by steering
+west? Impossible! The earth a globe, and men standing with their heads
+down in space? Folly! An ignorant sailor from Genoa in the right, and
+all our learned doctors and philosophers in the wrong? _Nonsense!_ I'm a
+matter-of-fact man, sir. I will believe what I can see, and handle, and
+understand. But as for believing in the antipodes, or that the earth is
+round, or that Columbus has discovered land to the west,--Ring the
+bell, sir; call my carriage; I will go to the palace and undeceive the
+king.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CV.
+
+ HAR' BIN GER, forerunner; precursor.
+ UN PIL' LAR ED, unsupported by pillars.
+ UN YIELDING, stubborn.
+ DE CREES', edicts; laws.
+ HAL' LOW ED, sacred; consecrated.
+ MOLD' ER ING, decaying.
+
+
+TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO,
+
+GRENVILLE MULLEN.
+
+ 1. Wake your harp's music!--louder,--higher,
+ And pour your strains along;
+ And smite again each quivering wire,
+ In all the pride of song!
+(f.)Shout like those godlike men of old,
+ Who, daring storm and foe,
+ On this blessed soil their anthem rolled,
+ TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO!
+
+ 2. From native shores by tempests driven,
+ They sought a purer sky;
+ And found, beneath a milder heaven,
+ _The home of Liberty!_
+ An altar rose,--and prayers,--a ray
+ Broke on their night of woe,--
+ The harbinger of Freedom's day,
+ TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO!
+
+ 3. They clung around that symbol too,
+ Their refuge and their all;
+ And swore, while skies and waves were blue,
+ That altar should not fall!
+ They stood upon the red man's sod,
+ 'Neath heaven's unpillared bow,
+ With home,--a country, and a God,--
+ TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO!
+
+ 4. Oh! 'twas a hard, unyielding fate
+ That drove them to the seas;
+ And Persecution strove with Hate,
+ To darken her decrees:
+ But safe, above each coral grave,
+ Each booming ship did go,--
+ A God was on the western wave,--
+ TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO!
+
+ 5. They knelt them on the desert sand,
+ By waters cold and rude,
+ Alone upon the dreary strand
+ Of oceaned solitude!
+ They looked upon the high, blue air,
+ And felt their spirits glow,
+ Resolved to live or perish there,--
+ TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO!
+
+ 6. The warrior's red right arm was bared,
+ His eyes flashed deep and wild:
+ Was there a foreign footstep dared
+ To seek his home and child'?
+ The dark chiefs yelled alarm, and swore
+ The white man's blood should flow,
+ And his hewn bones should bleach their shore,
+ TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO!
+
+ 7. But lo! the warrior's eye grew dim,--
+ His arm was left alone;
+ The still, black wilds which sheltered him,
+ No longer were his own!
+ Time fled,--and on the hallowed ground
+ His highest pine lies low,--
+ And cities swell where forests frowned,
+ TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO!
+
+ 8. Oh! stay not to recount the tale,--
+ 'Twas bloody, and 'tis past;
+ The firmest cheek might well grow pale,
+ To hear it to the last.
+ The God of Heaven who prospers us,
+ Could bid a nation grow,
+ And shield us from the red man's curse,--
+ TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO!
+
+ 9. Come, then,--great shades of glorious men,
+ From your still glorious grave!
+ Look on your own proud land again,
+ O bravest of the brave!
+ We call you from each mouldering tomb,
+ And each blue wave below,
+ To bless the world ye snatched from doom,
+ TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO!
+
+10. Then to your harps!--yet louder,--higher
+ And pour your strains along;
+ And smite again each quivering wire,
+ In all the pride of song!
+(f.)Shout for those godlike men of old,
+ Who, daring storm and foe,
+ On this blessed soil their anthem rolled,
+ TWO HUNDRED YEARS AGO!
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. Who are meant by _godlike men of old_? 2. Why did they
+flee to this country? 3. Who warred against them?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CVI.
+
+ SE RENE' LY, calmly; quietly.
+ SUR MOUNT', rise above; overcome.
+ TRAMP, tread, or travel.
+ EB' ON, black, as ebony.
+ GUARD' I AN, defender; protector.
+ CHIV' AL RIC, brave; heroic.
+ MAIL, defensive armor.
+ EX ALT', lift up.
+ FRAIL' TY, weakness.
+ BLIGHT' ED, blasted.
+ RE NOWN', fame; celebrity.
+ STEAD' FAST, firm; resolute.
+
+ IN TER VENE', (INTER, _between_; VENE, _to come_;) come between;
+ interpose.
+
+ SUC CEED', (SUC, _after;_ CEED, _to come;_) come after; follow.
+
+
+PRESS ON.
+
+PARK BENJAMIN.
+
+1. _Press on!_ there's no such word as fail!
+ Press nobly on! the goal is near,--
+ Ascend the mountain! breast the gale!
+ Look upward, onward,--never fear!
+ Why shouldst thou faint? Heaven smiles above,
+ Though storms and vapor intervene;
+ That Sun shines on, whose name is Love,
+ Serenely o'er Life's shadowed scene.
+
+2. _Press on!_ surmount the rocky steeps,
+ Climb boldly o'er the torrent's arch:
+ He fails alone who feebly creeps;
+ He wins, who dares the hero's march.
+ Be thou a hero! let thy might
+ Tramp on eternal snows its way,
+ And, through the ebon walls of night,
+ Hew down a passage unto day.
+
+3. _Press on!_ if once and twice thy feet
+ Slip back and stumble, harder try;
+ From him who never dreads to meet
+ Danger and death, they're sure to fly.
+ To coward ranks the bullet speeds;
+ While on their breasts who never quail,
+ Gleams, guardian of chivalric deeds,
+ Bright courage, like a coat of mail.
+
+4. _Press on_! if Fortune play thee false
+ To-day, to-morrow she'll be true;
+ Whom now she sinks she now exalts,
+ Taking old gifts and granting new.
+ The wisdom of the present hour
+ Makes up her follies past and gone:
+ To weakness strength succeeds, and power
+ From frailty springs;--_press on_! PRESS ON!
+
+5. _Press on_! what though upon the ground
+ Thy love has been poured out like rain?
+ That happiness is always found
+ The sweetest, which is born of pain.
+ Oft 'mid the forest's deepest glooms,
+ A bird sings from some blighted tree,
+ And, in the dreariest desert, blooms
+ A never-dying rose for thee.
+
+6. Therefore, _press on_! and reach the goal,
+ And gain the prize, and wear the crown:
+ Faint not! for, to the steadfast soul,
+ Come wealth, and honor, and renown.
+ To thine own self be true, and keep
+ Thy mind from sloth, thy heart from soil;
+ _Press on_! and thou shalt surely reap
+ A heavenly harvest for thy toil!
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What encouragement is given to those who press on? 2. Who
+fails, and who wins? 3. What is said of those who never dread to meet
+danger and death? 4. How are they rewarded, who press on?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CVII.
+
+ EX PAND, develop; enlarge.
+ EL E VATE, raise; dignify.
+ VAR RI A BLE, changeable.
+ PHAN TAS MA GO' RIA, magic lantern; illusive representations.
+ UN' DU LA TING, waving; irregular.
+ MO BIL'I TY, movableness; readiness to move.
+ DO' CILE, teachable; obedient.
+ CE LES' TIAL, heavenly.
+ DIS' SI PATES, scatters, or confuses.
+ IN FIN' I TY, boundlessness.
+ GYM NAS' TIC, athletic exercise.
+ O PAC' I TY, state of being opaque or dark.
+ PA THET' IC, feeling; tender.
+ IN DOM' I TA BLE, unconquerable.
+ CO-OP' ER ATE, work with; join with.
+
+ MOUNT PER' DU, one of the high summits of the Pyrenees
+ mountains, in Spain. The name signifies "Lost Mountain;" in
+ allusion, probably, to its peak being lost in the clouds.
+
+
+THE THREE FORMS OF NATURE.
+
+FROM THE FRENCH OF MICHELET.
+
+1. There are three forms of Nature, which especially command and elevate
+our souls, release her from her heavy clay and earthly limits, and send
+her, exulting, to sail amidst the wonders and mysteries of the Infinite.
+_First_, there is the unstable _Ocean of Air_ with its glorious banquet
+of light, its vapors, its twilight, and its shifting phantasmagoria of
+capricious creatures, coming into existence only to depart the next
+instant.
+
+2. _Second_, there is the fixed _Ocean of the Earth_, its undulating and
+vast waves, as we see them from the tops of "the earth o'er gazing
+mountains," the elevations which testify to antique mobility, and the
+sublimity of its mightier mountain-tops, clad in eternal snows. _Third_,
+there is the _Ocean of Waters_, less mobile than air, less fixed than
+earth, but liable, in its movements, to the celestial bodies.
+
+3. _These three things_ form the gamut by which the Infinite speaks to
+our souls. Nevertheless, let us point out some very notable differences.
+The _Air-ocean_ is so mobile that we can scarcely examine it. It
+deceives; it decoys; it diverts; it dissipates, and breaks up our chain
+of thought.
+
+4. For an instant, it is an immense hope, the day of all infinity; anon,
+it is not so; all flies from before us, and our hearts are grieved,
+agitated, and filled with doubt. Why have I been permitted to see for a
+moment that immense flood of light? The memory of that brief gleaming
+must ever abide with me, and that memory makes all things here on earth
+look dark.
+
+5. The _fixed Ocean of the mountains_ is not thus transient or fugitive;
+on the contrary, it stops us at every step, and imposes upon us the
+necessity of a very hard, though wholesome gymnastic. Contemplation here
+has to be bought at the price of the most violent action. Nevertheless,
+the opacity of the earth, like the transparency of the air, frequently
+deceives and bewilders us. Who can forget that for ten years, Ramon, in
+vain, sought to reach Mount Perdu though often within sight of it?
+
+6. Great, _very great_, is the difference between the elements; the
+earth is mute and the ocean speaks. The ocean is a voice. It speaks to
+the distant stars; it answers to their movements in its deep and solemn
+language. It speaks to the earth on the shores, replying to the echoes
+that reply again; by turns wailing, soothing, threatening--its deepest
+roar is presently succeeded by a sad, pathetic silence.
+
+7. And it especially addresses itself to man. It is creation's living
+eloquence. It is Life speaking to Life. The millions, the countless
+myriads of beings to which it gives birth, are its words. All these,
+mingled together make the unity, the great and solemn voice of the
+ocean. And "what are those wild waves saying?" They are talking of
+_Life,--of Immortality._
+
+8. An indomitable strength is at the bottom of Nature--how much more so
+at Nature's summit, the Soul! And it speaks of partnership, of union.
+Let us accept the swift exchange which, in the individual, exists
+between the diverse elements; let us accept the superior Law which
+unites the living members of the same body--Humanity; and, still more,
+let us accept and respect the supreme Law which makes us co-operate with
+the great Soul, associated as we are--in proportion with our
+powers--with the loving harmony of the world--copartners in the life of
+God.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What are three great forms of Nature? 2. What is said of
+the Air-ocean? 3. How does the Ocean address itself to man?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CVIII.
+
+ MO NOP' O LIZED, engrossed.
+ CEL' E BRA TED, praised; talked of.
+ PO' TENT LY, powerfully.
+ MAR' I TIME, pertaining to sea.
+ SA GAC' I TY, acuteness.
+ IN TRE PID' I TY, daring valor.
+ SAN' GUINE, bloody; cruel.
+ EC CEN TRIC' I TY, peculiarity, oddity.
+ WA' RI NESS, cautiousness.
+ ED' I BLE, eatable.
+ E MAN' CI PA TED, freed; liberated.
+ IN TER ME' DI ATE, lying between.
+ DEV AS TA TING, laying waste.
+ DOUB' LE, sail around.
+
+[Headnote 1: BASQUES, (_basks_), an ancient and peculiar people, living
+on the slopes of the Pyrenees Mountains.]
+
+[Headnote 2: BRE' TON, a native of Brittany, an ancient province in
+France.]
+
+[Headnote 3: NOR' MAN, that is, Northman, a name given to the ancient
+inhabitants of Norway, Denmark, and Sweden, and afterward to their
+descendants who settled in the north of France.]
+
+
+THE WHALE AND THE WHALER.
+
+FROM THE FRENCH OF MICHELET.
+
+1. Who opened up to men the great distant navigation? Who revealed the
+ocean, and marked out its zones and its liquid highways? Who discovered
+the secrets of the globe? _The Whale and the Whaler!_ And all this
+before Columbus and the famous gold-seekers, who have monopolized all
+the glory, found again, with much outcry about their discovery, what had
+so long before been discovered by the whalers.
+
+2. That crossing of the ocean, which was so boastfully celebrated in the
+fifteenth century, had often been made, not only by the narrow passage
+between Iceland and Greenland, but, also, by the open sea; for the
+Basques [Headnote 1] went to Newfoundland. The smallest danger was the
+mere voyage; for these men, who went to the very end of the _then_ known
+world, to challenge the whale to single combat, to steer right away into
+the Northern sea, to attack the mighty monster, amid darkness and
+storms, with the dense fog all around, and the foaming waves
+below,--those who could do this, were not the men to shrink from the
+ordinary dangers of the voyage.
+
+3. Noble warfare! Great school of courage! That fishery was not _then_,
+as it is _now_, an easy war to wage, made from a distance, and with a
+potently murderous machine. No; the fisher then struck with his own
+strong hand, impelled and guided by his own fearless heart, and he
+risked life to take life. The men of that day killed but few whales; but
+they gained infinitely in maritime ability, in patience, in sagacity,
+and in intrepidity. They brought back _less_ of oil; but _more, far
+more_ of glory.
+
+4. Every nation has its own peculiar genius. We recognize each by its
+own style of procedure. There are a hundred forms of courage, and these
+graduated varieties formed, as it were, another heroic game. At the
+North, the Scandinavian, the rude race from Norway to Flanders, had
+their sanguine fury. At the South, the wild burst, the gay daring, the
+clear-headed excitement, that impelled, at once, and guided them over
+the world. In the center, the silent and patient firmness of the
+Breton [Headnote 2], who yet, in the hour of danger, could display a
+quite sublime eccentricity. And, lastly, the Norman [Headnote 3]
+wariness, considerately courageous; daring all, but daring all for
+success. Such was the beauty of man, in that sovereign manifestation of
+human courage.
+
+5. We owe a vast deal to the whale. But for it, the fishers would still
+have hugged the shore; for, almost every edible fish seeks the shore and
+the river. It was the whale that emancipated them, and led them afar. It
+led them onward, and onward still, until they found it, after having
+almost unconsciously passed from one world to the other. Greenland did
+not seduce them; it was not _the land_ that they sought; but _the sea,
+and the tracks of the whale_.
+
+6. The ocean at large is its home, and _especially_ the broad and open
+sea. Each species has its especial preference for this or that
+latitude,--for a certain zone of water, more or less cold. And it was
+_that_ preference which traced out the great divisions of the Atlantic.
+The tribe of inferior whales, that have a dorsal fin, are to be found in
+the warmest and in the coldest seas,--under the line and in the polar
+seas.
+
+7. In the great intermediate region, the fierce Cachalot inclines toward
+the south, devastating the warm waters. On the contrary, the Free Whale
+fears the warm waters,--we should rather say, that they did, formerly,
+fear them,--they have become so scarce. They are never found in the warm
+southern current; it is _that_ fact that led to the current being
+noticed, and thence to the discovery of the _true course from America to
+Europe_. From Europe to America, the trade winds will serve us.
+
+8. If the Free Whale has a perfect horror of the warm waters, and can
+not pass the equator, it is clear that he can not double the southern
+end of America. How happens it, then, that when he is wounded on one
+side of America, in the Atlantic, he is sometimes found on the other
+side of America, and in the Pacific? _It proves that there is a
+north-western passage_. Another discovery which we owe to the whale, and
+one which throws a broad light alike on the form of the globe, and the
+geography of the seas!
+
+9. By degrees, the whale has led us everywhere. Rare as he is at
+present, he has led us to both poles, from the uttermost recesses of the
+Pacific to Behring's Strait, and the infinite wastes of the Antarctic
+waters. There is even an enormous region that no vessel, whether
+war-ship or merchantman, ever traverses, at a few degrees beyond the
+southern points of America and Africa. No one visits that region but the
+whaler.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What has been done by the whaler? 2. By whom had
+Newfoundland been discovered? 3. What is said of the courage of the
+whaler? 4. What proof is given that there is a north-western passage,
+by water, from the Atlantic to the Pacific?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CIX.
+
+ THRALL' DOM, bondage; slavery.
+ IG NO' BLE, mean; degraded.
+ HORDE, clan; tribe.
+ FEUD' AL, pertaining to military tenure.
+ DES' POTS, tyrants.
+ PAL' TRY, mean; contemptible.
+ RAP' INE,(_rapin;_) plunder; violence.
+ FOR SOOTH', in truth; in fact.
+ RUF' FIAN, robber; cut-throat.
+ SERV' ILE, slavish; cringing.
+ LIM' NERS, painters.
+ DIS CI' PLE, learner; follower.
+ CORSE, corpse; dead body.
+ BRAWL, wrangle; contention.
+ DIS TAIN' ED, sullied; stained.
+ ECH' O ED, resounded.
+
+
+RIENZI'S ADDRESS TO THE ROMANS.
+
+[Footnote: RI EN' ZI, the last of the Roman Tribunes, was born in Rome
+about the year 1310. He was assassinated Oct. 8th, 1354 He was a person
+of extraordinary eloquence. In his day, Rome was a prey to contending
+factions of nobles. This kept the city in constant turmoil, and
+subjected the people to continual abuse and tyranny. It was the endeavor
+of Rienzi to arouse them to a resolution to be free.]
+
+MISS MITFORD.
+
+1. Friends!
+ I come not here to _talk_. You know too well
+ The story of our thralldom. We are _slaves!_
+ The bright sun rises to his course, and lights
+ A race of _slaves!_ He sets, and his last beam
+ Falls on a _slave_: not such as, swept along
+ By the full tide of power, the conqueror leads
+ To crimson glory and undying fame;
+ _But base, ignoble slaves!_ slaves to a horde
+ Of petty tyrants, feudal despots, lords,
+ Rich in some dozen paltry villages;
+ Strong in some hundred spearmen; only great
+ In that strange spell,--_a name_.
+
+2. Each hour, dark fraud,
+ Or open rapine, or protected murder,
+ Cries out against them. But this very day,
+ An honest man, my neighbor,--there he stands,
+ Was struck, _struck_ like a dog, by one who wore
+ The badge of Ursini; because, forsooth,
+ He tossed not high his ready cap in air,
+ Nor lifted up his voice in servile shouts,
+ At sight of that great ruffian!
+
+3. (f.) Be we _men_,
+ And suffer such dishonor'? MEN, and wash not
+ The stain away in blood'? Such shames are common!
+ I have known deeper wrongs. I, that speak to ye,
+ I had a brother once, a gracious boy,
+ Full of gentleness, of calmest hope,
+ Of sweet and quiet joy; there was the look
+ Of heaven upon his face, which limners give
+ To the beloved disciple!
+
+4. How I loved
+ That gracious boy! Younger by fifteen years,
+ Brother at once, and son! He left my side,
+ A summer bloom on his fair cheek,--a smile
+ Parting his innocent lips. In one short hour,
+ That pretty, harmless boy was slain! (_p_.) I saw
+ The corse, the mangled corse, and then I cried
+ For vengeance! (_ff_.) _Rouse ye, Romans!_--ROUSE YE, SLAVES!
+ Have ye brave sons? Look in the next fierce brawl
+ To see them die! Have ye fair daughters? Look
+ To see them live, torn from your arms, distained,
+ Dishonored; and if ye dare call for justice,
+ Be answered by the lash!
+
+5. Yet this is Rome,
+ That sat on her seven hills, and, from her throne
+ Of beauty, ruled the world! Yet we are Romans!
+ Why, in that elder day, to be a Roman,
+ Was greater than a king! And once again,--
+ Hear me, ye walls, that echoed to the tread
+ Of either Brutus! Once again I swear,
+ The eternal city shall be free!
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. In what condition did the writer say the Roman people
+were? 2. What wrongs are complained of? 3. What special cases are
+mentioned? 4. What are the people exhorted to do? 5. What is the meaning
+of the suffix _dom_, in the word _thralldom?_ See ANALYSIS, page 142,
+Ex. 189. 6. What is the meaning of the suffix _less_, in the word
+_harmless?_ See page 140, Ex. 187. 7. How, according to the notation
+mark, should the first part of the third verse be read? 8. What rule for
+the rising inflections, third verse? See page 28, Rule I.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CX.
+
+ MUL' TI PLY, increase; continue.
+ COL'TER, part of the plow that cuts the sod.
+ GE' NI AL, productive.
+ BE NIG' NANT, kind; bounteous.
+ SAUN' TER ING, loitering.
+ WOOD' BINE, honeysuckle.
+ RE SPLEN DENT, splendid, beautiful.
+ PO' TENT, powerful.
+ ROAD' STEAD, place where ships may anchor.
+ RE LI' ANT, trusting; depending.
+ PES TI LEN' TIAL, infectious; noxious.
+ PER PET' U AL, continual.
+ STER' ILE, barren.
+
+[Headnote 1: LE ON' I DAS, the celebrated Spartan leader who, with three
+hundred men, perished in the effort to resist the Persian hosts, at the
+mountain pass of Thermopylae, (B.C., 480.)]
+
+[Headnote 2: MARS' TON, that is, Marston Moor, a place in Yorkshire,
+England, memorable for the defeat of Charles I., (in 1644,) by the
+forces of Cromwell and others.]
+
+[Headnote 3: BAN' NOCK BURN, a village in Stirlingshire, Scotland,
+famous for the battle between the patriots, under Robert Bruce, and the
+English invading army, under Edward II., fought, June 25, 1314.]
+
+[Headnote 4: AR MA' DA, a great naval armament sent by Philip II. of
+Spain, in 1588, for the conquest of England. It failed utterly, however,
+of its object, having been scattered and disabled by violent storms.]
+
+
+SONG OF THE FORGE.
+
+1. Clang! clang! the massive anvils ring,--
+ Clang! clang! a hundred hammers swing,
+ Like the thunder-rattle of a tropic sky,
+ The mighty blows still multiply:
+ Clang! clang!
+ Say, brothers of the dusky brow,
+ What are your strong arms forging now?
+
+2. Clang! clang!--we forge the _colter_ now--
+ The colter of the kindly plow;
+ Benignant Father, bless our toil;
+ May its broad furrow still unbind
+ To genial rains, to sun and wind,
+ The most productive soil!
+
+3. Clang! clang!--our colter's course shall be
+ On many a sweet and sunny lea,
+ By many a streamlet's silver tide,
+ Amidst the song of morning birds,
+ Amidst the low of sauntering herds,
+ Amidst soft breezes which do stray
+ Through woodbine-hedges and sweet May,
+ Along the green hill's side.
+
+4. When regal Autumn's bounteous hand,
+ With wide-spread glory clothes the land,--
+ When, to the valleys, from the brow
+ Of each resplendent slope, is rolled
+ A ruddy sea of living gold,
+ We bless,--we bless the PLOW.
+
+5. Clang! clang!--again, my mates, what glows
+ Beneath the hammer's potent blows?
+ Clink! clank!--we forge the _giant chain_,
+ Which bears the gallant vessel's strain,
+ 'Midst stormy winds and adverse tides;
+ Secured by this, the good ship braves
+ The rocky roadstead and the waves
+ Which thunder on her sides.
+
+6. Anxious no more, the merchant sees
+ The mist drive dark before the breeze.
+ The storm-cloud on the hill;
+ Calmly he rests, though, far away
+ In boisterous climes, his vessel lay
+ Reliant on our skill.
+
+7. Say, on what sands these links shall sleep,
+ Fathoms beneath the solemn deep`?
+ By Afric's pestilential shore',--
+ By many an iceberg, lone and hoar',--
+ By many a palmy western isle,
+ Basking in spring's perpetual smile',--
+ By stormy Labrador'?
+
+8. Say, shall they feel the vessel reel,
+ When, to the battery's deadly peal,
+ The crashing broadside makes reply'?
+ Or else, as at the glorious Nile,
+ Hold grappling ships, that strive the while,
+ For death or victory'?
+
+9. _Hurrah!_--cling! clang!--once more, what glows,
+ Dark brothers of the forge, beneath
+ The iron tempest of your blows
+ The furnace's fiery breath?
+
+10. Clang! clang!--a burning torrent, clear
+ And brilliant, of bright sparks is poured
+ Around and up in the dusky air,
+ As our hammers forge the SWORD.
+
+11. The _sword!_ a name of dread; yet when
+ Upon the freeman's thigh 'tis bound,
+ While for his altar and his hearth,--
+ While for the land that gave him birth,
+ The war-drums roll, the trumpets sound,
+ How _sacred_ is it then!
+
+12. Whenever for the truth and right
+ It flashes in the van of fight,
+ Whether in some wild mountain pass
+ As that where fell Leonidas [Headnote 1];
+ Or on some sterile plain and stern,
+ A Marston [Headnote 2] or a Bannockburn [Headnote 3];
+ Or, mid fierce crags and bursting rills,
+ The Switzer's Alps, gray Tyrol's hills,--
+ Or, as when sunk the Armada's [Headnote 4] pride,
+ It gleams above the stormy tide,--
+ Still, still, whene'er the battle word
+ Is LIBERTY, when men do stand
+ For _justice_ and their _native land_,
+ Then Heaven bless THE SWORD!
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What things are mentioned as being forged? 2. What is
+said of the colter? 3. What, of the iron cable? 4. What, of the sword?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CXI.
+
+ BEN E FAC' TION, gift; favor.
+ E LATE', flushed with success.
+ IN HER' ENT, natural.
+ PER FEC' TION, excellence.
+ VIG' ILS, watchfulness.
+ UN BRIB' ED, not influenced by gifts.
+ CON SO LA' TION, comfort.
+ AV' E NUE, way; entrance.
+ A TROC' I TIES, enormities.
+ MOCK' ER Y, derision; ridicule.
+ FAC' UL TIES, powers of the mind.
+ CA PAC' I TIES, abilities.
+
+
+CHOICE EXTRACTS.
+
+
+I.
+
+SWIFTNESS OF TIME.
+
+IDLER.
+
+Let him that desires to see others happy, make haste to give while his
+gift can be enjoyed, and remember that every moment of delay takes away
+something from the value of his benefaction. And let him who proposes
+his own happiness, reflect, that while he forms his purpose, the days
+roll on, and "the night cometh when no man can work."
+
+
+II.
+
+THE SHIP OF STATE.
+
+LONGFELLOW.
+
+ Thou, too, sail on, O Ship of State!
+ Sail on, O Union, strong and great!
+ Humanity, with all its fears,
+ With all the hopes of future years,
+ Is hanging breathless on thy fate!
+ We know what Master laid thy keel,
+ What workmen wrought thy ribs of steel,
+ Who made each mast, and sail, and rope,
+ What anvils rang, what hammers beat,
+ In what a forge, and what a heat,
+ Were shaped the anchors of thy hope.
+
+
+III.
+
+THE TRUE HERO.
+
+HORACE BUSHNELL.
+
+The true hero is the great, wise man of duty,--he whose soul is armed by
+truth and supported by the smile of God,--he who meets life's perils
+with a cautious but tranquil spirit, gathers strength by facing its
+storms, and dies, if he is called to die, as a Christian victor at the
+post of duty. And, if we must have heroes, and wars wherein to make
+them, there is none so brilliant as a war with wrong,--no hero so fit to
+be sung as he who hath gained the bloodless victory of truth and mercy.
+
+
+IV.
+
+HEART ESSENTIAL TO GENIUS.
+
+W.G. SIMMS.
+
+ We are not always equal to our fate,
+ Nor true to our conditions. Doubt and fear
+ Beset the bravest, in their high career,
+ At moments when the soul, no more elate
+ With expectation, sinks beneath the time.
+ The masters have their weakness. "I would climb,"
+ Said Raleigh, gazing on the highest hill,--
+ "But that I tremble with the fear to fall."
+ Apt was the answer of the high-souled queen:
+ "If thy heart fail thee, never climb at all!"
+ The heart! if that be sound, confirms the rest,
+ Crowns genius with his lion will and mien,
+ And, from the conscious virtue in the breast,
+ To trembling nature gives both strength and will.
+
+
+V.
+
+EDUCATION.
+
+ADDISON.
+
+I consider a human soul without education, like marble in the quarry,
+which shows none of its inherent beauties until the skill of the
+polisher fetches out the colors, makes the surface shine, and discovers
+every ornamental cloud, spot, and vein that runs through the body of it.
+Education, after the same manner, when it works upon a noble mind, draws
+out every latent virtue and perfection, which, without such helps, are
+never able to make their appearance.
+
+
+VI.
+
+THE VANITY OF WEALTH.
+
+DR. JOHNSON.
+
+ No more thus brooding o'er yon heap,
+ With av'rice painful vigils keep;
+ Still unenjoyed the present store,
+ Still endless sighs are breathed for more.
+ Oh! quit the shadow, catch the prize,
+ Which not all India's treasure buys!
+ To purchase Heaven has gold the power'?
+ Can gold remove the mortal hour?
+ In life, can love be bought with gold?
+ Are friendship's pleasures to be sold?
+ No; all that's worth a wish--a thought,
+ Fair Virtue gives unbribed, unbought.
+ Cease then on trash thy hopes to bind;
+ Let _nobler views_ engage thy mind.
+
+
+VII.
+
+CONSOLATION OF THE GOSPEL.
+
+A. ALEXANDER.
+
+Oh, precious gospel! Will any merciless hand endeavor to tear away from
+our hearts, this last, this sweetest consolation? Would you darken the
+only avenue through which one ray of hope can enter? Would you tear from
+the aged and infirm poor the only prop on which their souls can repose
+in peace? Would you deprive the dying of their only source of
+consolation? Would you rob the world of its richest treasure? Would you
+let loose the flood-gates of every vice, and bring back upon the earth
+the horrors of superstition, or the atrocities of atheism? Then endeavor
+to subvert the gospel; throw around you the firebrands of infidelity;
+laugh at religion, and make a mockery of futurity; but be assured that
+for all these things, God will bring you into judgment.
+
+
+VIII.
+
+THE LIGHT OF HOPE.
+
+O.W.B. PEABODY.
+
+1. Oh, who that has gazed, in the stillness of even,
+ On the fast-fading hues of the west,
+ Has seen not afar, in the bosom of heaven,
+ Some bright little mansion of rest,
+ And mourned that the path to a region so fair
+ Should be shrouded with sadness and fears;--
+ That the night-winds of sorrow, misfortune, and care,
+ Should sweep from the deep-rolling waves of despair,
+ To darken this cold world of tears?
+
+2. And who that has gazed, has not longed for an hour,
+ When misfortune forever shall cease;
+ And Hope, like the rainbow, unfold, through the shower,
+ Her bright-written promise of peace?
+ And, oh! if that rainbow of promise may shine
+ On the last scene of life's wint'ry gloom,
+ May its light in the moment of parting be mine;
+ I ask but one ray from a source so divine,
+ To brighten the vale of the tomb.
+
+
+IX.
+
+PAMPERING THE BODY AND STARVING THE SOUL.
+
+EDWARD EVERETT.
+
+1. What`! feed a child's body, and let his soul hunger'? pamper his
+limbs, and starve his faculties'? Plant the earth, cover a thousand
+hills with your droves of cattle, pursue the fish to their hiding-places
+in the sea, and spread out your wheat-fields across the plain, in order
+to supply the wants of that body which will soon be as cold and as
+senseless as the poorest clod, and let the pure spiritual essence within
+you, with all its glorious capacities for improvement, languish and
+pine'?
+
+2. What`! build factories, turn in rivers upon the water-wheels, unchain
+the imprisoned spirits of steam, to weave a garment for the body, and
+let the soul remain unadorned and naked'? What`! send out your vessels
+to the furthest ocean, and make battle with the monsters of the deep, in
+order to obtain the means of lighting up your dwellings and workshops,
+and prolonging the hours of labor for the meat that perisheth, and
+permit that vital spark, which God has kindled, which He has intrusted
+to our care, to be fanned into a bright and heavenly flame,--permit it,
+I say, to languish and go out'?
+
+3. What considerate man can enter a school, and not reflect, with awe,
+that it is a seminary where immortal minds are training for eternity'?
+What parent but is, at times, weighed down with the thought, that
+_there_ must be laid the foundations of a building which will stand,
+when not merely temple and palace, but the perpetual hills and
+adamantine rocks on which they rest, have melted away`!--that a light
+may _there_ be kindled which will shine, not merely when every
+artificial beam is extinguished, but when the affrighted sun has fled
+away from the heavens`?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CXII.
+
+ FRUIT' AGE, collection of fruits.
+ WAX' ES, grows; increases.
+ JU' BI LANT, joyous.
+ TINGE, imbue.
+ GLO' RI FI ED, exalted to glory.
+ UN WA' RY, incautious.
+ FAM' ISH ED, afflicted with hunger.
+ BAN' ISH ED, driven out; expelled.
+ RE NEW' ED, made new again.
+ MA TUR' ING, ripening.
+ VINT' AGE, produce of the vine.
+ DIS LOY' AL TY, unfaithfulness.
+ BE QUEATH' ED, left by inheritance.
+ CON SID' ER ATE, thoughtful.
+
+ RE VIV' I FY, (RE, _again_; VIV, _live_; IFY, _to make_;) to
+ make alive again, to bring to life; renew.
+
+
+WE ALL DO FADE AS A LEAF.
+
+GAIL HAMILTON.
+
+1. "_We all do fade as a leaf_." Change is the essence of life. "Passing
+away," is written on all things; and passing away is passing on from
+strength to strength, from glory to glory. Spring has its growth, summer
+its fruitage, and autumn its festive in-gathering. The spring of eager
+preparation waxes into the summer of noble work; mellowing in its turn
+into the serene autumn, the golden-brown haze of October, when the soul
+may robe itself in jubilant drapery, awaiting the welcome command, "Come
+up higher," where mortality shall be swallowed up in life.
+
+2. Why, then, should autumn tinge our thoughts with sadness. We fade as
+the leaf, and the leaf fades only to revivify. Though it fall, it shall
+rise again. Does the bud fear to become a blossom, or the blossom
+shudder as it swells into fruit; and shall the redeemed weep that they
+must become glorified'? Strange inconsistency`! We faint with the burden
+and the heat of the day. We bow down under the crosses that are laid
+upon our shoulders. We are bruised and torn by the snares and pitfalls
+which beset our way, and into which our unwary feet often fall.
+
+3. We are famished, and foot-sore, and travel-stained, from our long
+journey, and yet we are saddened by tokens that we shall pass away from
+all these,--away from sin and sorrow, from temptation and fall, from
+disappointment, and weary waiting, and a fearful looking-for of evil, to
+purity and holiness, and the full fruition of every hope,--bliss which
+eye hath not seen, nor ear heard, nor heart conceived,--to a world
+whence all that made this dreary is forever banished, and where all that
+made this delightful is forever renewed and increased,--a world where
+the activities and energies of the soul shall have full scope, and love
+and recognition wait upon its steps forever.
+
+4. Let him alone fear, who does not fade as the leaf,--him whose
+sources are not in God, and who does not draw his life thence,--him
+whose spring is gathering no strength, whose summer is maturing no
+fruit, and whose autumn shall have no vintage. Is not this the real
+sorrow of us all? not a dread of change, but a secret consciousness of
+wasted power,--of disloyalty to God, as the supreme object of our love
+and service.
+
+5. Yet even here the fading leaf brings hope. Our future is always
+before us. The past is fixed. No tears can wash away its facts. Let us
+waste no vain regrets upon it; but, from the wisdom which its very
+mistakes and sins have bequeathed us, start afresh on the race. Though
+yesterday we were weak, and selfish, and indolent, let us to-day--at
+this moment--begin to be strong, and brave, and helpful, and just, and
+generous, and considerate, and tender, and truthful, and pure, and
+patient, and forgiving. "Now" is a glorious word. "HENCEFORTH" is always
+within our grasp.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. To what are we compared? 2. What is said of change? 3.
+What change takes place in the leaf? 4. What, in man? 5. Who have reason
+to fear? 6. What is said of the past and the future?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CXIII.
+
+ UN HEED' ED, not regarded.
+ EX POS' ED, unprotected.
+ EX HORT' ED, urged; persuaded.
+ AT TUN' ED, put in tune.
+ ES SEN' TIAL, real; true.
+ AN NOUNC' ED, proclaimed.
+
+
+TEACHINGS OF NATURE.
+
+POLLOCK.
+
+1. The seasons came and went, and went and came,
+ To teach men gratitude; and, as they passed,
+ Gave warning of the lapse of time, that else
+ Had stolen unheeded by: the gentle flowers
+ Retired, and, stooping o'er the wilderness,
+ Talked of humility, and peace, and love.
+ The dews came down unseen at evening tide.
+ And silently their bounties shed, to teach
+ Mankind unostentatious charity.
+
+2. With arm in arm the forest rose on high,
+ And lesson gave of brotherly regard;
+ And, on the rugged mountain brow exposed,
+ Bearing the blast alone, the ancient oak
+ Stood, lifting high his mighty arm, and still
+ To courage in distress exhorted loud.
+ The flocks, the herds, the birds, the streams, the breeze,
+ Attuned the heart to melody and love.
+
+3. Mercy stood in the cloud, with eye that wept
+ Essential love; and, from her glorious brow,
+ Bending to kiss the earth in token of peace,
+ With her own lips, her gracious lips, which God
+ Of sweetest accent made, she whispered still,
+ She whispered to Revenge, Forgive! forgive!
+
+4. The Sun, rejoicing round the earth, announced
+ Daily the wisdom, power, and love of God.
+ The Moon awoke, and, from her maiden face
+ Shedding her cloudy locks, looked meekly forth,
+ And, with her virgin stars, walked in the heavens,--
+ Walked nightly there, conversing as she walked
+ Of purity, and holiness, and God.
+
+5. In dreams and visions, sleep instructed much.
+ Day uttered speech to day, and night to night
+ Taught knowledge: silence had a tongue: the grave,
+ The darkness, and the lonely waste, had each
+ A tongue, that ever said, Man! think of God!
+ Think of thyself! think of eternity!
+
+6. Fear God, the thunders said; Fear God, the waves;
+ Fear God, the lightning of the storm replied;
+ Fear God, deep loudly answered back to deep.
+ And, in the temples of the Holy One,
+ Messiah's messengers, the faithful few,
+ Faithful 'mong many false, the Bible opened,
+ And cried: Repent! repent, ye Sons of Men!
+ Believe, be saved.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What do the seasons teach? 2. What, the trees?
+3. What, the sun and moon? 4. What, Messiah's messengers?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CXIV.
+
+ BE DECK' ED, adorned.
+ AR RAY', dress; attire.
+ MAN' TLED, spread; rushed.
+ DE VO' TION, attachment.
+ I DOL A TROUS, excessive.
+ SEV' ER ED, rent; sundered.
+ EN CIR' CLED, inclosed; surrounded.
+ SA' BLES, mourning clothes.
+ GIFT' ED, talented.
+ FOUND ED, established.
+ AL LURE', (AL, _to_; LURE, _draw_;) draw to; entice.
+
+
+PASSING UNDER THE ROD.
+
+[Footnote: These lines are founded on the following passage of Jewish
+history:--"It was the custom of the Jews to select the tenth of their
+sheep after this manner: The lambs were separated from their dams, and
+inclosed in a sheep-cot, with only one narrow way out; the lambs
+hastened to join the dams, and a man, placed at the entrance, with a rod
+dipped in ocher, touched every tenth lamb, and so marked it with his
+rod, saying, 'LET THIS BE HOLY.' Hence, God says by his prophet, '_I
+will cause you to pass under the rod_.'"]
+
+MARY S.B. DANA.
+
+1. I saw the young bride, in her beauty and pride,
+ Bedecked in her snowy array;
+ And the bright flush of joy mantled high on her cheek,
+ And the future looked blooming and gay:
+ And with a woman's devotion she laid her fond heart
+ At the shrine of idolatrous love;
+ And she anchored her hopes to this perishing earth,
+ By the chain which her tenderness wove.
+ But I saw, when those heartstrings were bleeding and torn,
+ And the chain had been severed in two,
+ She had changed her white robes for the sables of grief,
+ And her bloom for the paleness of woe!
+ But the Healer was there, pouring balm on her heart,
+ And wiping the tears from her eyes;
+ And He strengthened the chain He had broken in twain,
+ And fastened it firm to the skies!
+ There had whispered a voice,--'twas the voice of her God:
+ "I love thee--I love thee--_pass under the rod!_"
+
+2. I saw the young mother in tenderness bend
+ O'er the couch of her slumbering boy;
+ And she kissed the soft lips as they murmured her name,
+ While the dreamer lay smiling in joy.
+ Oh, sweet as the rose-bud encircled with dew,
+ When its fragrance is flung on the air,
+ So fresh and so bright to that mother he seemed,
+ As he lay in his innocence there.
+ But I saw when she gazed on the same lovely form,
+ Pale as marble, and silent, and cold,
+ But paler and colder her beautiful boy,
+ And the tale of her sorrow was told!
+ But the Healer was there, who had stricken her heart,
+ And taken her treasure away;
+ To allure her to heaven, He has placed it on high,
+ And the mourner will sweetly obey.
+ There had whispered a voice,--'twas the voice of her God:
+ "I love thee--I love thee--_pass under the rod!_"
+
+3. I saw, too, a father and mother who leaned
+ On the arms of a dear gifted son;
+ And the star in the future grew bright to their gaze,
+ As they saw the proud place he had won;
+ And the fast coming evening of life promised fair,
+ And its pathway grew smooth to their feet,
+ And the starlight of love glimmered bright at the end,
+ And the whispers of fancy were sweet.
+ And I saw them again, bending low o'er the grave,
+ Where their hearts' dearest hope had been laid;
+ And the star had gone down in the darkness of night,
+ And the joy from their bosoms had fled.
+ But the Healer was there, and His arms were around,
+ And He led them with tenderest care;
+ And He showed them a star in the bright upper world,
+ 'Twas their star shining brilliantly there!
+ They had each heard a voice,--'twas the voice of their God:
+ "I love thee--I love thee--_pass under the rod_!"
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What custom is alluded to, in the passage "_I will cause
+you to pass under the rod?_" See note. 2. Where is that passage found in
+the Scriptures? Ans. Ezekiel, 20th chap., 37th verse. 3. What instances
+are mentioned of individuals "_passing under the rod_?"
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CXV.
+
+ PET' U LANT, cross; fretful.
+ CA LAM' I TY, misfortune.
+ SA TIR' IC AL, keenly severe; cutting.
+ NUI' SANCE, annoyance.
+ JUST' I FY, give a right to.
+ STU PID' I TY, extreme dullness.
+ CUL' PABLE, blamable; censurable.
+ IR RI TA BIL' I TY, excitableness.
+ AP PEL LA' TION, name; title.
+ VE' HE MENT, violent; furious.
+ VO CIF ER A' TIONS, loud outcries.
+ MEN' A CES, threats.
+ CEN' SUR ED, blamed.
+ VIN DI CA' TION, justification.
+ LON GEV' I TY, length of life.
+ CON TEMPT' I BLE, despicable.
+
+
+THE PETULANT MAN.
+
+OSBORNE.
+
+
+MR. GRIM--MICHAEL--COUSIN MARY.
+
+_Cousin Mary_. More breezes? What terrible thing has happened now,
+Cousin Grim? What's the matter?
+
+_Grim_. Matter enough, I should think! I sent this stupid fellow to
+bring me a pair of boots from the closet; and he has brought me two
+rights, instead of a right and left.
+
+_Cousin_. What a serious calamity! But, perhaps, he thought it was but
+_right_ to leave the _left_.
+
+_Grim_. None of your jokes, if you please. This is nothing to laugh at.
+
+_Cousin_. So it would seem, from the expression on your face,--rather
+something to storm at, roar at, and fall into a frenzy about.
+
+_Michael_. That's right, Miss; give him a piece of your mind! He's the
+crossest little man I have met with in the new country. You might scrape
+old Ireland with a fine-tooth comb, and not find such another.
+
+_Grim_. How dare you talk to me in that style? I'll discharge you this
+very day!
+
+_Michael_. I'm thinking of discharging _you_, if you don't take better
+care of that _sweet temper_ of yours.
+
+_Grim_. Leave the room, sir!
+
+_Michael_. That I will, in search of better company, saving the lady's
+presence. [_Exit._
+
+_Grim_. There, cousin! there is a specimen of my provocations! Can you
+wonder at my losing my temper?
+
+_Cousin_. Cousin Grim, that would be the most _fortunate_ thing that
+could befall you.
+
+_Grim_. What do you mean?
+
+_Cousin_. I mean, if you could only _lose that temper_ of yours, it
+would be a blessed thing for you; though I should pity the poor fellow
+who _found it._ _Grim_. You are growing satirical in your old age,
+Cousin Mary.
+
+_Cousin_. Cousin Grim, hear the plain truth; your ill temper makes you a
+nuisance to yourself and every body about you.
+
+_Grim_. Really, Miss Mary Somerville, you are getting to be
+complimentary!
+
+_Cousin_. No; I am getting to be _candid_. I have passed a week in your
+house, on your invitation. I leave you this afternoon; but, before I go,
+I mean to speak my mind.
+
+_Grim_. It seems to me that you have spoken it rather freely already.
+
+_Cousin_. What was there, in the circumstance of poor Michael's bringing
+you the wrong boots, to justify your flying into a rage, and bellowing
+as if your life had been threatened?
+
+_Grim_. That fellow is perpetually making just such provoking blunders!
+
+_Cousin_. And do you never make provoking blunders'? Didn't you send me
+five pounds of Hyson tea, when I wrote for Souchong'? Didn't you send a
+carriage for me to the cars, half an hour too late, so that I had to
+hire one myself, after great trouble'? And did I roar at you, when we
+met, because you had done these things'?
+
+_Grim_. On the contrary, this is the first time you have alluded to
+them. I am sorry they should have happened. But surely you should make a
+_distinction_ between any such little oversight of mine, and the
+stupidity of a servant, hired to attend to your orders.
+
+_Cousin_. I do not admit that there should be a distinction. You are
+both human; only, as you have had the better education, and the greater
+advantages, stupidity or neglect on your part, is much the more
+culpable.
+
+_Grim_. Thank you! Go on.
+
+_Cousin_. I mean to; so don't be impatient. If an uncooked potato, or a
+burnt mutton-chop, happens to fall to your lot at the dinner-table, what
+a tempest follows! One would think you had been wronged, insulted,
+trampled on, driven to despair. Your face is like a thunder-cloud, all
+the rest of the meal. Your poor wife endeavors to hide her tears. Your
+children feel timid and miserable. Your guest feels as if she would like
+to see you held under the nose of the pump, and thoroughly ducked.
+
+_Grim_. The carriage is waiting for you, Miss Somerville, and the driver
+has put on your baggage.
+
+_Cousin_. I have hired that carriage by the hour, and so am in no hurry.
+Your excuse for your irritability will be, I suppose, that it is
+_constitutional_, and not to be controlled. A selfish, paltry, miserable
+excuse! I have turned down a leaf in Dr. Johnson's works, and will read
+what he says in regard to tempers like yours.
+
+_Grim_. You are always quoting Dr. Johnson! Cousin, I can not endure it!
+Dr. Johnson is a bore!
+
+_Cousin_. Oh, yes! to _evil-doers_,--but to none else. Hear him: "There
+is in the world a class of mortals known, and contentedly known, by the
+appellation of _passionate men_, who imagine themselves entitled, by
+this distinction, to be provoked on every slight occasion, and to vent
+their rage in vehement and fierce vociferations, in furious menaces, and
+licentious reproaches."
+
+_Grim_. That will do.
+
+_Cousin_. "Men of this kind," he tells us, "are often pitied rather than
+censured, and are not treated with the severity which their neglect of
+the ease of all about them, might justly provoke." But he adds: "It is
+surely not to be observed without indignation, that men may be found of
+minds mean enough to be satisfied with this treatment; wretches who are
+proud to obtain the privilege of madmen, and----"
+
+_Grim_. I will hear no more! Have done!
+
+_Cousin_. So the shaft went home! I am not sorry.
+
+_Grim_. No one but a meddlesome old maid would think of insulting a man
+in his own house.
+
+_Cousin_. So, when, at a loss for a vindication, you reproach me with
+being an old maid! Cousin, it does not distress me, either to be an old
+maid, or to be called one. I must, however, remark, that the manhood
+that can charge against a woman her single state, either as a matter of
+ridicule or reproach, is not quite up to my standard.
+
+_Grim_. Cousin Mary, I ask your pardon! But am I, indeed, the petulant,
+disagreeable fellow, you would make me out?
+
+_Cousin_. My dear Caspar, you are generous enough in large things; but,
+oh! consider that _trifles make up a good portion of the sum of life_;
+and so "_a small unkindness is a great offense_." Why not be cheerful,
+sunny, genial, in little things? Why not look on the bright side? Why
+not present an unruffled front to petty annoyances? Why not labor,--ay,
+labor,--to have those around you happy and contented, by reflecting from
+yourself such a frame of mind upon them?
+
+Life is short, at the best; why not make it cheerful? Do you know that
+longevity is promoted by a tranquil, happy habit of thought and temper'?
+Do you know that cheerfulness, like mercy, is twice blessed; blessing
+"him that gives, and him that takes'?" Do you know that good manners, as
+well as good sense, demand that we should look at objects on their
+bright side'? Do you know that it is contemptible selfishness in you to
+shed gloom and sorrow over a whole family by your moroseness and
+ill-humor'?
+
+_Grim_. Cousin Mary, the patience with which I have listened to your
+cutting remarks, will prove to you, I hope, that, notwithstanding my
+angry retorts, I am convinced there is much truth in what you have said
+of me. I have a favor to ask. Send away your carriage; stay a week
+longer,--a month,--a year, if you will. Hold the lash over this ugly
+temper of mine,--and I give you my word that I will set about the cure
+of it in earnest.
+
+_Cousin_. You should have begun earlier,--in youth, when the temper is
+pliable, and strong impressions can work great changes. But we will not
+despair. I will tarry with you a while, just to see if you are serious
+in your wish for a reformation, and to help you bring it about.
+
+_Grim_. Thank you. We hear of reformed drunkards, and reformed thieves;
+and _why may not a petulant temper be reformed_, but a system of total
+abstinence from all harsh, unkind moods and expressions? Come, we will
+try.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. At what was Mr. Grim offended? 2. What did Cousin Mary
+say would be fortunate for him? 3. What blunder had Mr. Grim made? 4.
+How did he often behave at the table? 5. What does Dr. Johnson say of
+such men? 6. What did Cousin Mary finally say to him? 7. Of what was he
+convinced? 8. What did he resolve to do?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CXVI.
+
+ SAC' RI FICE, religious offering.
+ STRAIGHT, immediately.
+ SCUR' VY, low; mean.
+ SCRU' PLE, hesitate.
+ EN DURE', suffer'; tolerate.
+ IM PURE, filthy; unclean.
+ UT TER LY, entirely; completely.
+ BLEM' ISH, defect; deformity.
+ WA' VER ED, hesitated.
+ IM PAR' TIAL, just; free from bias.
+ RE FER', leave to another.
+ PAR' DON, forgive.
+ GHEE, kind of butter used in India.
+ DIS TRUST' ING, suspecting.
+ PAL PA BLE, obvious; evident.
+ LAUD' ING, praising.
+
+
+THE BRAHMIN AND THE ROGUES.
+
+[Footnote: The fable, here thrown into verse, is related in English
+prose by Macaulay, who says:--"Thus, or nearly thus, if we remember
+rightly, runs the story of the Sanscrit Aesop."]
+
+AN EASTERN FABLE.
+
+VERSIFIED BY J.N. McELLIGOTT.
+
+ 1. A Brahmin went out, the legends say,
+ To buy him a sheep a certain day;
+ For he had solemnly vowed to slay,
+ In sacrifice, a sheep that day,
+ And wanted a sheep his vow to pay.
+ Three neighboring rogues
+ (The cunning dogs!)
+ Finding this out,
+ Went straight about
+ (Moved, I ween, by the very Old Nick,)
+ To play the Brahmin a scurvy trick.
+
+ 2. So one of them met him with the cry:--
+ "O Brahmin! O Brahmin! won't you buy
+ A beautiful sheep? for here have I
+ A beautiful sheep for sacrifice,
+ As ever was seen by mortal eyes."
+
+ 3. "Where is your sheep?" replied the Brahmin;
+ "Bring him out here, and let me examine."
+ With that the wag
+ Opened a bag,
+ And out he drew
+ To public view
+ An ugly, dirty, horrible dog!
+ Blind as a bat, and lame as a frog;
+ With a broken leg, climbing a log.
+ Or limping slowly over a bog.
+
+ 4. "Wretch!" said the Brahmin indignant, "who
+ Shamelessly utterest things untrue,
+ And dost without a scruple endure
+ To handle creatures the most impure,
+ How darest thou call that cur a sheep?
+ Do you think, foul knave, that I'm asleep?"
+
+ 5. "_Cur'!_" said the fellow with steady tone;
+ "A _sheep_ it is, and a sheep alone;
+ A sheep (see here, what a splendid fleece!)
+ With flesh the sweetest, and fat as grease;
+ And such a prize
+ For sacrifice,
+ As neither gods nor men can despise,
+ Unless they both have dust in their eyes!"
+ "Sir," said the Brahmin, surprised to find
+ A person so utterly out of his mind,
+ "'Tis certain that _you_ or _I_ am blind."
+
+ 6. Then stepping up,
+ Patting the pup,
+ Rogue the second, as if amazed,
+ While on the dog he steadily gazed,
+ Exclaims aloud:--"The gods be praised!
+ Since I've no need to market to go
+ To buy me a sheep; for here's one so
+ From spot and blemish perfectly free,
+ That better could not possibly be.
+ Isn't it nice?
+ What's your price?"
+
+ 7. The Brahmin, seeing this singular thing,
+ Wavered in mind, like one in a swing;
+ Yet answered the stranger, firmly,--"Sir,
+ This isn't a sheep, but only a cur."
+ "_Cur_?" with disdain, the new-comer said;
+ "Why, man, you're surely out of your head!"
+
+ 8. As this occurred,
+ Came rogue the third,
+ To whom, as being a witness new,
+ And likely to take impartial view,
+ Brahmin proposed at once to refer,
+ Whether the creature was _sheep_ or _cur_.
+ All being agreed, the eager priest
+ Said:--"Stranger, what do you call this beast?"
+ "A _sheep_, to be sure!" the knave replied;
+ "As fine a sheep as ever you spied."
+
+ 9. "Well," said the Brahmin, "the gods this day
+ Have surely taken my senses away!"
+ Then begging the rogue
+ That carried the dog,
+ To pardon him for doubting his word,
+ He, with a readiness most absurd,
+ Purchased the creature with rice and ghee,
+ Which went, of course, to the worthless three,
+ And which they shared with wonderful glee.
+
+10. Thus taken in,
+ The poor Brahmin
+ Offered it up,
+ The filthy pup,
+ Which so offended the gods, that they
+ Sent sore disease his folly to pay:
+ Thinking it right the man to chastise
+ For so distrusting his natural eyes,
+ And being led by palpable lies
+ To offer a dog as a sacrifice.
+
+MORAL.
+
+ Look out for the arts of the puffing tribe,--
+ People that praise for the sake of a bribe;
+ Lavishly lauding a book or a pill,
+ Or any thing else the pocket to fill;
+ Singing Simplicity fast asleep,
+ And making her dream a dog's a sheep.
+
+QUESTIONS.--1. What trick did the three rogues play off on the Brahmin?
+2. In what way did they do this? 3. What moral is taught in this fable?
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CXVII.
+
+ E LAS TIC' I TY, returning vigor.
+ MIN' I FIES, lessens; makes small.
+ DEG RA DA' TION, abasement.
+ ES TRANGED, alienates.
+ UN ALMS' ED, not having received alms.
+ HA BIT' U AL, accustomed.
+ EX TRAV' A GANCE, superfluous expense.
+ IM PER' TI NENCE, that which is not pertinent.
+ SUS PI' CIOUS, distrustful.
+ E CON' O MY, frugality.
+ TRAN' QUIL, calm; undisturbed.
+ BE NUMB' ING, dull; stupefying.
+ IM PROV' I DENCE, wastefulness.
+
+
+LIVING WITHIN OUR MEANS.
+
+S.W. PARTRIDGE.
+
+1. _Oh, beware of debt_!
+ It crushes out the manhood of a man,
+ Robs his bright eye of boldness, cheats his limbs
+ Of elasticity, unnerves his hand,
+ Beclouds his judgment, dulls his intellect,
+ Perils his uprightness, and stains his name,
+ And minifies him to his fellow-men;
+ Yea, far worse degradation, to himself.
+
+2. Who hath the hurried step, the anxious eye,
+ Avoids the public haunt and open street,
+ And anxious waits for evening? Restlessly
+ Tosses upon his bed, and dreads the approach
+ Of the tell-tale morning sunlight? Who, unmanned,
+ Starts at the sudden knock, and shrinks with dread
+ E'en at his own shadow; shuns with care
+ The stranger's look, skulks from his fellow's glance,
+ And sees in every man a creditor?
+
+3. The _debtor_;--he is only half a man;
+ He saddens and estranges his chief friends,
+ Burdens his dearest relatives; he hears
+ In vain the stranger's tale, the widow's prayer,
+ And sends away the orphan all unalmsed.
+ None dare to place him in a post of trust,
+ And business men regard him with a shrug.
+
+4. "Owe no man aught." Stand in the world erect,
+ And lean alone upon thyself and God.
+ The habitual borrower will be ever found
+ Wicked, or weak, or both. Sweat, study, stint,
+ Yea, rather _any thing_ than meanly owe.
+ Let thine own honest hands feed thee and thine,
+ And, if not thy friend's purse, at least, respect
+ Thine own sweet independence.
+
+5. Have fewest wants: the book, however good,
+ Thou shouldst not purchase, let it go unbought;
+ And fashion's vests by thee be all unworn.
+ Soon luxuries become necessities,
+ But self-denying thrift more joy affords
+ Than all the pleasures of extravagance.
+ A cottage, free from clamorous creditors,
+ Is better than a mansion dunned; a coat,
+ However darned, if paid for, hath an ease,
+ And a respectability beside:
+ Gay, ill-afforded vests can never boast.
+
+6. However cheap,
+ Whatever thou want'st not, buy not. That is dear,
+ A mere extravagant impertinence,
+ For which thou hast no need. Feel first the want
+ Ere it be satisfied; bargains full oft
+ Are money-wasting things, that prudent men
+ Will keep afar from with suspicious eye;
+ Perchance to any but of little use,
+ And to themselves, most likely, none at all.
+
+7. The habit of economy once formed,
+ 'Tis easy to attain to prosperous things.
+ Thou then shalt lend, not borrow: shalt not want
+ A helping trifle when thy friend hath need,
+ Or means to seize an opportunity,--
+ Seed-coin, to ensure a harvest. Thou shalt then
+ Want not an alms for pinching poverty;
+ And, though a sudden sickness dam the stream,
+ And cut off thy supplies, thou shalt lie down
+ And view thy morrows with a tranquil eye;
+ Even benumbing age shall scare thee not,
+ But find thee unindebted, and secure
+ From all the penury and wretchedness
+ That dog the footsteps of improvidence.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CXVIII.
+
+ OM NIP' O TENT, all-powerful.
+ IN TER' MI NA BLE, endless.
+ MILK Y-WAY, galaxy; luminous circle in the heavens.
+ AS' TRAL, starry.
+ IN FIN' I TUDE, unlimited extent.
+ IM PET' U OUS, rushing.
+ AS TRON O MER, one skilled in the science of the stars.
+ AP PROX' I MATE LY, nearly.
+ OM NIS' CIENCE, knowledge of all things.
+ PER TUR BA' TIONS, irregularities of motion.
+ AB' SO LUTE, entire.
+ PRE CIS' ION, exactness.
+ AD JUST' MENTS, arrangements.
+ RET' I NUE, company.
+ SAT' EL LITES, small planets revolving round others.
+
+
+GRANDEUR OF THE UNIVERSE.
+
+O.M. MITCHEL.
+
+1. If you would know the _glory_ of the Omnipotent Ruler of the
+universe, examine the interminable range of suns and systems which crowd
+the Milky-Way. Multiply the hundred millions of stars which belong to
+our own "island universe" by the thousands of these astral systems that
+exist in space, within the range of human vision, and _then_ you may
+form some idea of the _infinitude_ of His kingdom; for lo! these are but
+a part of His ways.
+
+2. Examine the scale on which the universe is built. Comprehend, if you
+can, the vast dimensions of our sun. Stretch outward through his system,
+from planet to planet, and circumscribe the whole within the immense
+circumference of Neptune's orbit. This is but a single unit out of the
+myriads of similar systems.
+
+3. Take the wings of light, and flash with impetuous speed, day and
+night, and month, and year, till youth shall wear away, and middle age
+is gone, and the extremest limit of human life has been attained;--count
+every pulse, and, at each, speed on your way a hundred thousand miles;
+and when a hundred years have rolled by, look out, and behold! the
+thronging millions of blazing suns are still around you, each separated
+from the other by such a distance, that, in this journey of a century,
+you have only left half a score behind you.
+
+4. Would you gather some idea of the _eternity_ past of God's
+existence,--go to the astronomer, and bid him lead you in one of his
+walks through space; and, as he sweeps outward from object to object,
+from universe to universe, remember that the light from those filmy
+stains on the deep pure blue of heaven, now falling on your eye, has
+been traversing space for a million of years.
+
+5. Would you gather some knowledge of the _omnipotence_ of God,--weigh
+the earth on which we dwell, then count the millions of its inhabitants
+that have come and gone for the last six thousand years. Unite their
+strength into one arm, and test its power in an effort to move this
+earth. It could not stir it a single foot in a thousand years; and yet
+under the omnipotent hand of God, not a minute passes that it does not
+fly more than a thousand miles.
+
+6. But this is a mere atom,--the most insignificant point among his
+innumerable worlds. At his bidding, every planet, and satellite, and
+comet, and the sun himself, fly onward in their appointed courses. His
+single arm guides the millions of sweeping suns, and around His throne
+circles the great constellation of unnumbered universes.
+
+7. Would you comprehend the idea of the _omniscience_ of God,--remember
+that the highest pinnacle of knowledge reached by the whole human race,
+by the combined efforts of its brightest intellects, has enabled the
+astronomer to compute approximately the perturbations of the planetary
+worlds. He has predicted roughly the return of half a score of comets.
+But God has computed the mutual perturbations of millions of suns, and
+planets, and comets, and worlds, without number, through the ages that
+are passed, and throughout the ages which are yet to come, not
+approximately, but with perfect and absolute precision.
+
+8. The universe is in motion,--system rising above system, cluster above
+cluster, nebula above nebula,--all majestically sweeping around under
+the providence of God, who alone knows the end from the beginning, and
+before whose glory and power all intelligent beings, whether in heaven
+or on earth, should bow with humility and awe.
+
+9. Would you gain some idea of the _wisdom_ of God,--look to the
+admirable adjustments of the magnificent retinue of planets and
+satellites which sweep around the sun. Every globe has been weighed and
+poised, every orbit has been measured and bent to its beautiful form.
+
+10. All is changing; but the laws fixed by the wisdom of God, though
+they permit the rocking to and fro of the system, never introduce
+disorder, or lead to destruction. All is perfect and harmonious, and the
+music of the spheres that burn and roll around our sun, is echoed by
+that of ten millions of moving worlds, that sing and shine around the
+bright suns that reign above.
+
+11. If, overwhelmed with the grandeur and majesty of the universe of
+God, we are led to exclaim with the Hebrew poet-king,--"When I consider
+Thy heavens, the work of Thy fingers, the moon and the stars, which Thou
+hast ordained, what is man, that Thou art mindful of him? and the son of
+man, that Thou visitest him?"--If fearful that the eye of God may
+overlook us in the immensity of His kingdom, we have only to call to
+mind that other passage, "Yet Thou hast made him but a little lower than
+the angels, and hast crowned him with glory and honor. Thou madest him
+to have dominion over all the works of Thy hand; Thou hast put all
+things under his feet." Such are the teachings of the word, and such are
+the lessons of the works of God.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CXIX.
+
+
+"WHOM HAVE I IN HEAVEN BUT THEE?"
+
+MISS PAMELIA S. VINING.
+
+1. 'Twere naught to me, yon glorious arch of night,
+ Decked with the gorgeous blazonry of heaven,
+ If, to my faith, amid its splendors bright,
+ No vision of the Eternal One were given;
+ I could but view a dreary, soulless waste,--
+ A vast expanse of solitude unknown,
+ More cheerless for the splendors o'er it cast,--
+ For all its grandeur more intensely lone.
+
+2. 'Twere naught to me, this ever-changeful scene
+ Of earthly beauty, sunshine, and delight,--
+ The wood's deep shadows and the valley's green,--
+ Morn's tender glow, and sunset's splendors bright;
+ Naught, if my Father spoke not from the sky,
+ The cloud, the flower, the landscape, and the leaf;
+ My soul would pine 'mid earth's vain pageantry,
+ And droop in hopeless orphanage and grief.
+
+3. 'Twere naught to me, the ocean's vast expanse,
+ If His perfections were not mirrored there;
+ Hopeless across the unmeasured waste I'd glance,
+ And clasp my hands in anguish, not in prayer.
+ Naught Nature's anthem, ever swelling up
+ From Nature's myriad voices; for the hymn
+ Breathes not of love, or gratitude, or hope,
+ Robbed of the tones that tell my soul of Him.
+
+4. This wondrous universe how less than naught
+ Without my God! how desolate and drear!
+ A mock'ry, earth with her vain splendors fraught!
+ A gilded pageant, every rolling sphere!
+ The noonday sun with all his glories crowned,
+ A sickly meteor glimmers faint and pale!
+ And all earth's melodies, their sweetness drowned,
+ Are but the utterance of a funeral wail.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CXX.
+
+
+THE MEMORY OF WASHINGTON.
+
+KOSSUTH.
+
+1. Mr. President: I consider it a particular favor of Providence that I
+am permitted to partake, on the present solemn occasion, in paying the
+tribute of honor and gratitude to the memory of your immortal
+Washington.
+
+2. An architect having raised a proud and noble building to the service
+of the Almighty, his admirers desired to erect a monument to his memory.
+How was it done? His name was inscribed upon the wall, with these
+additional words: "You seek his monument--look around."
+
+3. Let him who looks for a monument of Washington look around the United
+States. The whole country is a monument to him. Your freedom, your
+independence, your national power, your prosperity, and your prodigious
+growth, is a monument to Washington.
+
+4. There is no room left for panegyric, none especially to a stranger
+whom you had full reason to charge with arrogance, were he able to
+believe that his feeble voice could claim to be noticed in the mighty
+harmony of a nation's praise. Let me, therefore, instead of such an
+arrogant attempt, pray that that God, to whose providential intentions
+Washington was a glorious instrument, may impart to the people of the
+United States the same wisdom for the conservation of the present
+prosperity of the land and for its future security, which he gave to
+Washington for the foundation of it.
+
+5. I yield to nobody in the world in reverence and respect to the
+immortal memory of Washington. His life and his principles were the
+guiding star of my life; to that star I looked up for inspiration and
+advice, during the vicissitudes of my stormy life. Hence I drew that
+devotion to my country and to the cause of national freedom, which you,
+gentlemen, and millions of your fellow-citizens, and your national
+government, are so kind as to honor by unexampled distinction.
+
+6. Sir, I have studied the history of your immortal Washington, and
+have, from my early youth, considered his principles as a living source
+of instruction to statesmen and to patriots.
+
+When, in that very year in which Washington issued his Farewell Address,
+M. Adet, the French Minister, presented to him the flag of the French
+Republic, Washington, as President of the United States, answered
+officially, with these memorable words:
+
+"Born in a land of liberty, having early learned its value, having
+engaged in a perilous conflict to defend it, having devoted the best
+years of my life to secure its permanent establishment in my country, my
+anxious recollections, my sympathetic feelings, and my best wishes, are
+irresistibly attracted, whensoever in any country I see an oppressed
+nation unfurl the banner of freedom."
+
+7. Thus spoke Washington. Have I not then full reason to say, that if he
+were alive his generous sympathy would be with me; and the sympathy of a
+Washington never was, and never would be, a barren word. Washington, who
+raised the word "honesty" as a rule of policy, never would have
+professed a sentiment which his wisdom as a statesman would not have
+approved.
+
+8. Sir! here let me end. I consider it already as an immense benefit
+that your generous attention connected the cause of Hungary with the
+celebration of the memory of Washington.
+
+9. Spirit of the departed! smile down from heaven upon this appreciation
+of my country's cause; watch over those principles which thou hast taken
+for the guiding star of thy noble life, and the time will yet come when
+not only thine own country, but liberated Europe, also, will be a living
+monument to thy immortal name.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+LESSON CXXI.
+
+
+THE LOST ONE'S LAMENT.
+
+1. Oh! the snow, the beautiful snow,
+ Filling the sky and earth below;
+ Over the housetops, over the street,
+ Over the heads of the people you meet,
+ Dancing,
+ Flirting,
+ Skimming along!
+ Beautiful snow! it can do no wrong.
+ Flying to kiss a fair lady's cheek,
+ Clinging to lips in a frolicsome freak,
+ Beautiful snow from the Heaven above,
+ Pure as an angel, gentle as love!
+
+2. Oh! the snow, the beautiful snow,
+ How the flakes gather and laugh as they go?
+ Whirling about in its maddening fun,
+ It plays in its glee with every one;
+ Chasing,
+ Laughing,
+ Hurrying by,
+ It lights on the face and it sparkles the eye!
+ And even the dogs, with a bark and a bound,
+ Snap at the crystals that eddy around.
+ The town is alive, and its heart in a glow
+ To welcome the coming of beautiful snow.
+
+3. How wild the crowd goes swaying along,
+ Hailing each other with humor and song!
+ How the gay sledges, like meteors, flash by,
+ Bright for the moment, then lost to the eye!
+ Ringing,
+ Swinging,
+ Dashing they go
+ Over the crust of the beautiful snow;
+ Snow so pure when it falls from the sky,
+ To be trampled in mud by the crowd rushing by,
+ To be trampled and tracked by thousands of feet,
+ Till it blends with the filth in the horrible street
+
+4. How strange it should be that this beautiful snow,
+ Should fall on a sinner with nowhere to go!
+ How strange it should be, when the night comes again
+ If the snow and the ice struck my desperate brain!
+ Fainting,
+ Freezing,
+ Dying alone,
+ Too wicked for prayer, too weak for a moan
+ To be heard in the crazy town,
+ Gone mad in the joy of the snow coming down;
+ To lie and so die, in my terrible woe,
+ With a bed and a shroud of the beautiful snow!
+
+
+
+
+
+End of Project Gutenberg's Sanders' Union Fourth Reader, by Charles W. Sanders
+
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+
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