Initial commit of ebook 79041 filesHEAD main

author: www-data <www-data@mail.pglaf.org> 2026-07-06 11:45:08 -0700
committer: www-data <www-data@mail.pglaf.org> 2026-07-06 11:45:08 -0700
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+  <body>   
+<div style='text-align:center'>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 79041 ***</div>
+
+
+<div class='tnotes covernote'>
+
+<p class='c000'><strong>Transcriber’s Note:</strong></p>
+
+<p class='c000'>New original cover art included with this eBook is granted to the public domain.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class='titlepage'>
+
+<div>
+  <h1 class='c001'><span class='small'>THE</span><br> ZOOLOGY<br> <span class='small'>OF</span><br> <span class='xlarge'>THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. BEAGLE,</span><br> <span class='large'>UNDER THE COMMAND OF CAPTAIN FITZROY, R.N.,</span><br> <span class='small'>DURING THE YEARS</span><br> <span class='large'>1832 TO 1836.</span></h1>
+</div>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c0'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div class='c003'><i>PUBLISHED WITH THE APPROVAL OF</i></div>
+    <div><i>THE LORDS COMMISSIONERS OF HER MAJESTY’S TREASURY.</i></div>
+    <div class='c002'><strong>Edited and Superintended by</strong></div>
+    <div class='c002'>CHARLES DARWIN, ESQ., M.A., F.R.S., V.P.G.S.,</div>
+    <div><span class='small'>NATURALIST TO THE EXPEDITION.</span></div>
+    <div class='c003'>PART V.</div>
+    <div class='c002'><span class='xlarge'>REPTILES,</span></div>
+    <div class='c002'><span class='small'>BY</span></div>
+    <div><span class='large'>THOMAS BELL, ESQ., F.R.S., F.L.S., &#38;c.</span></div>
+    <div><span class='small'>PROFESSOR OF ZOOLOGY IN KING’S COLLEGE.</span></div>
+    <div class='c003'>LONDON:</div>
+    <div>PUBLISHED BY SMITH, ELDER AND CO., 65, CORNHILL.</div>
+    <div>MDCCCXLIII.</div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c0'>
+<div class='nf-center c003'>
+    <div><span class='small'>London:</span></div>
+    <div><span class='small'>Printed by <span class='sc'>Stewart</span> and <span class='sc'>Murray</span>,</span></div>
+    <div><span class='small'>Old Bailey.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<div class='chapter ph1'>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c0'>
+<div class='nf-center c004'>
+    <div>REPTILIA.</div>
+    <div class='c002'><span class='large'><strong>Described by</strong></span></div>
+    <div class='c002'><span class='xlarge'>THOMAS BELL, ESQ., F.R.S., F.L.S., ETC.</span></div>
+    <div class='c003'><span class='small'>ILLUSTRATED BY NUMEROUS ENGRAVINGS.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class='chapter'>
+  <span class='pageno' id='Page_v'>v</span>
+  <h2 class='c005'>PREFACE.</h2>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c006'>Amongst the Reptiles and Amphibians obtained by Mr. Darwin, in the Voyage
+of the Beagle, there are several of great interest, not merely on account of their
+novelty as newly discovered species, of which there are nearly thirty, or as
+forming the types of genera not previously known, or of any remarkable peculiarity
+of form, structure, or habit, although in all these respects many of them
+are highly interesting; but more particularly as serving to establish or confirm
+several points connected with their geographical distribution.</p>
+
+<p class='c007'>From the structure of most of these animals and their consequent habits of
+life, circumscribed as they are for the most part in their locomotive powers, it
+might reasonably be predicated that they would, upon the whole, exhibit as
+distinct examples of restriction, with regard to their geographical boundaries,
+as any class of vertebrated animals; and that the intervention of seas and of
+mountains would be sufficient to limit the range of a species. Such is in fact
+usually the case; and not only is the same species not found in the Old and New
+Continents, but, with very few exceptions, not even on the opposite sides of the
+South American Continent, in which range Mr. Darwin’s discoveries have
+principally been made. The occurrence, however, of <i>Bufo Chilensis</i> at Rio
+Janeiro and at Buenos Ayres on the eastern, and at Valparaiso and the Archipelago
+of Chonos on the western side of the continent, shows an extent of distribution
+exceedingly unusual if not absolutely unparalleled in this family. It is,
+however, still possible that further and more extended researches into the
+characters of the animals in question, and an examination of individuals from
+each locality at various ages, may prove that there are two species, which have
+been confounded with each other, and the anomaly may thus be removed.</p>
+
+<p class='c007'>But although the circumscribed range of a species may be accounted for by
+the reasons above mentioned, and others of a restrictive nature, it is not so easy
+to refer to any known or obvious cause the remarkable fact of a whole genus,
+consisting of numerous species, being thus geographically limited. Yet this is a
+<span class='pageno' id='Page_vi'>vi</span>well-known and very common circumstance with regard to several groups of
+animals. In our present researches there exists a remarkable example of this
+fact in the genus <i>Proctotretus</i>, consisting, as is now known, of at least fourteen
+species, all inhabiting the western coast of South America. These facts,
+interesting as they are, have never been sufficiently investigated, although, it
+must be confessed, there are so many anomalies in relation to this subject, that
+we must despair of ever reducing the facts in question to any thing like fixed
+laws.</p>
+
+<p class='c007'>The close approximation of the Raniform and Hyliform groups of the
+Anourous Amphibia is strikingly illustrated by several new forms obtained by
+Mr. Darwin, which are so perfectly osculant between the two families, that it is
+difficult to assign them a decided location. And the addition of some bufonine
+forms in the family <i>Ranidæ</i>, as at present constituted, and on the other hand of
+some amongst the <i>Bufonidæ</i>, which are no less raniform in their general structure
+and habits, render it increasingly probable that the single character of the
+presence or absence of superior maxillary teeth, must be considered as insufficient
+to constitute alone a natural distinctive family character. There are
+several minor points bearing upon the natural arrangement of the Anourous
+Amphibians, which are illustrated by the characters of some of the species
+now first described, which will doubtless at some future time assist in the
+construction of a classification of these animals, bearing at least a nearer
+approximation to their natural arrangement than any that has hitherto been
+promulgated.</p>
+
+<p class='c007'>The Ophidians have been placed in the hands of Mons. Bibron, who is
+at the present time engaged in completing his admirable history of Reptiles,
+by the publication of those volumes which are devoted to this order; and
+it must be considered a fortunate circumstance that the delay which has
+taken place in the appearance of that portion of his labours, has thus afforded the
+opportunity of embodying in so perfect a work, the numerous discoveries of
+Mr. Darwin in this particular department of Erpetology.</p>
+
+<div class='lg-container-r'>
+  <div class='linegroup'>
+    <div class='group'>
+      <div class='line'>T. B.</div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c008'><i>Hornsey, Sept. 2, 1843.</i></p>
+
+<div class='chapter'>
+  <span class='pageno' id='Page_vii'>vii</span>
+  <h2 class='c005'>LIST OF SPECIES.</h2>
+</div>
+
+<table class='table0'>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'></td>
+    <th class='c010'>PAGE</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Alsodes monticola</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_41'>41</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Amblyrynchus cristatus</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_23'>23</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>—— Demarlii</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_22'>22</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Ameiva longicauda</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_28'>28</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Batrachyla leptopus</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_43'>43</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Borborocætes Bibronii</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_35'>35</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>—— Grayii</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_36'>36</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Bufo Chilensis</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_49'>49</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Centrura flagellifer</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_25'>25</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Cyclodus Casuarinæ</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_30'>30</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Cystignathus Georgianus</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_33'>33</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Diplolæmus Bibronii</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_21'>21</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>—— Darwinii</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_20'>20</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Gerrhosaurus sepiformis</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_29'>29</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Gymnodactylus Gaudichaudii</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_26'>26</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Hyla agrestis</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_46'>46</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>—— Vauterii</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_45'>45</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Hylorina sylvatica</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_44'>44</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Leiocephalus Grayii</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_24'>24</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Leiuperus salarius</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_39'>39</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Limnocharis fuscus</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_33'>33</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Litoria glandulosa</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_42'>42</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Naultinus Grayii</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_27'>27</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Phryniscus nigricans</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_49'>49</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Pleurodema bufoninum</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_39'>39</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>—— Darwinii</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_36'>36</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>—— elegans</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_37'>37</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Proctotretus Bibronii</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_6'>6</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>—— Chilensis</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_2'>2</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>—— cyanogaster</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_12'>12</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>—— Darwinii</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_14'>14</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>—— Fitzingerii</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_11'>11</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>—— gracilis</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_4'>4</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>—— Kingii</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_13'>13</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>—— multimaculatus</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_17'>17</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>—— nigromaculatus</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_10'>10</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>—— pectinatus</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_18'>18</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>—— pictus</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_5'>5</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>—— signifer</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_8'>8</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>—— tenuis</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_7'>7</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>—— Weigmannii</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_15'>15</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Pyxicephalus Americanus</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_40'>40</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Rana Delalandii</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_31'>31</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>—— Mascariensis</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_32'>32</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Rhinoderma Darwinii</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_48'>48</a></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Uperodon ornatum</td>
+    <td class='c010'><a href='#Page_50'>50</a></td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<div class='chapter'>
+  <span class='pageno' id='Page_viii'>viii</span>
+  <h2 class='c005'>LIST OF PLATES.</h2>
+</div>
+
+<table class='table1'>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='brt c011 bbt' rowspan='2'>Plate <a href='#plate_01'>I.</a></td>
+    <td class='c012'>Proctotretus Chilensis.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ 
+ <td class='bbt c012'>—— gracilis.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='bbt brt c011'><a href='#plate_02'>II.</a></td>
+ <td class='bbt c012'>—— pictus.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='brt c011 bbt' rowspan='2'><a href='#plate_03'>III.</a></td>
+    <td class='c012'>—— Bibronii.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ 
+ <td class='bbt c012'>—— tenuis.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='brt c011 bbt' rowspan='2'><a href='#plate_04'>IV.</a></td>
+    <td class='c012'>—— signifer.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ 
+ <td class='bbt c012'>—— nigromaculatus.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='brt c011 bbt' rowspan='2'><a href='#plate_05'>V.</a></td>
+    <td class='c012'>—— Fitzingerii.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ 
+ <td class='bbt c012'>—— cyanogaster.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='bbt brt c011'><a href='#plate_06'>VI.</a></td>
+ <td class='bbt c012'>—— Kingii.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='bbt brt c011'><a href='#plate_07'>VII.</a></td>
+ <td class='bbt c012'>—— Darwinii.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='bbt brt c011'><a href='#plate_08'>VIII.</a></td>
+ <td class='bbt c012'>—— Weigmannii.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='brt c011 bbt' rowspan='2'><a href='#plate_09'>IX.</a></td>
+    <td class='c012'>—— multimaculatus.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ 
+ <td class='bbt c012'>—— pectinatus.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='bbt brt c011'><a href='#plate_10'>X.</a></td>
+ <td class='bbt c012'>Diplolæmus Darwinii.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='bbt brt c011'><a href='#plate_11'>XI.</a></td>
+ <td class='bbt c012'>—— Bibronii.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='bbt brt c011'><a href='#plate_12'>XII.</a></td>
+ <td class='bbt c012'>Amblyrynchus Demarlii.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='brt c011 bbt' rowspan='2'><a href='#plate_13'>XIII.</a></td>
+    <td class='c012'>Gymnodactylus Gaudichaudii.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ 
+ <td class='bbt c012'>Naultinus Grayii.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='brt c011 bbt' rowspan='2'><a href='#plate_14'>XIV.</a></td>
+    <td class='c012'>Leiocephalus Grayii.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ 
+ <td class='bbt c012'>Centrura flagellifer.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='brt c011 bbt' rowspan='3'><a href='#plate_15'>XV.</a></td>
+    <td class='c012'>Ameiva longicauda.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ 
+    <td class='c012'>Gerrhosaurus sepiformis.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ 
+ <td class='bbt c012'>Cyclodus Casuarinæ.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='brt c011 bbt' rowspan='4'><a href='#plate_16'>XVI.</a></td>
+    <td class='c012'>Rana Delalandii.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ 
+    <td class='c012'>—— Mascariensis.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ 
+    <td class='c012'>Limnochans fuscus.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ 
+ <td class='bbt c012'>Cystignathus Georgianus.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='brt c011 bbt' rowspan='5'><a href='#plate_17'>XVII.</a></td>
+    <td class='c012'>Borborocœtes Bibronii.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ 
+    <td class='c012'>—— Grayii.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ 
+    <td class='c012'>Pleurodema Darwinii.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ 
+    <td class='c012'>—— elegans.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ 
+ <td class='bbt c012'>—— bufoninum.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='brt c011 bbt' rowspan='5'><a href='#plate_18'>XVIII.</a></td>
+    <td class='c012'>Leiuperus salarius.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ 
+    <td class='c012'>Pyxicephalus Americanus.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ 
+    <td class='c012'>Alsodes monticola.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ 
+    <td class='c012'>Litoria glandulosa.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ 
+ <td class='bbt c012'>Batrachyla leptopus.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='brt c011 bbt' rowspan='3'><a href='#plate_19'>XIX.</a></td>
+    <td class='c012'>Hylorina sylvatica.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ 
+    <td class='c012'>Hyla agrestis.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ 
+ <td class='bbt c012'>—— Vauterii.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='brt c011 bbt' rowspan='3'><a href='#plate_20'>XX.</a></td>
+    <td class='c012'>Rhinoderma Darwinii.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ 
+    <td class='c012'>Phryniscus nigricans,</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ 
+    <td class='c012'>Uperodon ornatum.</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c013'><span class='sc'><a id='Errata'></a>Errata.</span>—In Plate <a href='#plate_19'>XIX.</a></td>
+    <td class='c014'>for “Hylonia” read “Hylorina.”</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c013'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c014'><i>for</i> “vanterii” <i>read</i> “Vauterii.”</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<div class='chapter'>
+  <span class='pageno' id='Page_1'>1</span>
+  <h2 class='c005'>REPTILES.</h2>
+</div>
+<h3 class='c015'><span class='sc'>Tribus</span>—EUNOTES. <i>Bibron.</i><br> <span class='sc'>Familia</span>—TROPIDURIDÆ. <i>Mihi.</i><br> <span class='sc'>Tropidolepidiens.</span> <i>Bibr.</i><br> <span class='sc'>Genus</span>—Tropidurus. (In part.) <i>Weigmann.</i><br> <span class='sc'>Proctotretus.</span> <i>Bibr.</i></h3>
+
+<p class='c016'><span class='sc'>Character Genericus.</span>—<span lang="la"><i>Pori femorales</i> nulli. <i>Pori præ-anales</i> in maribus tantùm. <i>Cristâ dorsalis</i> nulla.
+<i>Dentes palatini.</i> <i>Squamæ</i> imbricatæ; <i>dorsales</i> carinatæ.</span></p>
+<p class='c017'>The genus which I take the present favourable opportunity to illustrate, formed
+a section or sub-genus of the genus <i>Tropidurus</i>, according to Weigmann, who, however,
+was acquainted with two species only; <i>Pr. Chilensis</i> and <i>Pr. nigromaculatus</i>.
+Of the varieties of the former of these, that author has made no less than three
+species ; but these have been very properly reduced by M. Bibron to one only.
+The last-named excellent erpetologist described several additional species,
+which had been brought from Chile, by M. D’Orbigny, and others ; and I received,
+some years since, from Capt. King, three or four species which were found
+by him in the same locality, in the course of his well-known survey. The number
+of species altogether, hitherto known, amounts to ten; to which I have now the
+opportunity of adding four entirely new, forming part of the interesting collection
+of Reptilia made by Mr. Darwin. One of them, <i>Pr. Kingii</i>, was already in my
+collection, amongst those which were given me by Capt. King. The genus,
+therefore, of which, but lately, two species only were known, now consists of
+fourteen ; and it is highly probable that more may yet be obtained by more prolonged
+and extensive investigation in the same districts.</p>
+
+<p class='c007'><span class='pageno' id='Page_2'>2</span>Thus of the species now described two were known to Weigmann, and described
+by him, namely, <i>Chilensis</i>, and <i>nigromaculatus</i>. I received from Capt.
+King, <i>Chilensis</i>, <i>pictus</i>, <i>cyanogaster</i>, <i>Kingii</i>, <i>Fitzingerii</i>, and, from other sources,
+<i>Chilensis</i>, <i>pictus</i>, <i>Weigmannii</i>. Bibron describes the whole of these, excepting
+<i>Kingii</i>, and in addition to them <i>tenuis</i>, <i>pectinatus</i>, <i>signifer</i>. In Mr. Darwin’s
+collection are found all those described by Bibron, excepting <i>signifer</i>; and in
+addition <i>Kingii</i> now first described, and the following species never before
+observed, namely, <i>Darwinii</i>, <i>gracilis</i>, <i>Bibronii</i>.</p>
+
+<p class='c007'>Although the form of the whole of the species much more nearly approximates
+that of the Agamidæ than most others, they are far removed from that family by
+several important characters, which it is unnecessary here to detail.</p>
+
+<h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Proctotretus Chilensis.</span></h3>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c0'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate I.—Fig. 1.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c019'><i><span lang="la">Auribus margine anteriore dentato; collo non plicato; squamis dorsi magnis, rhombeis;
+acutè carinatis; serie unicâ squamarum supralabialium.</span></i></p>
+
+<div class='lg-container-b c020'>
+  <div class='linegroup'>
+    <div class='group'>
+      <div class='line'><i>Calotes Chilensis</i>, Less, et Garn. Voy. de la Coquille, Zool. Rep. t. i. f. 2.</div>
+      <div class='line'><i>Tropidurus Chilensis</i>, Weigm. Act. Acad. Cæs. Leop. Carol. Nat. cur. xvii. pp. 233. 268.</div>
+      <div class='line'><i>Proctotretus Chilensis</i>, Bibr. Hist. Nat. des Rep. IV. p. 269.</div>
+      <div class='line'>Sun. <i>Tropidurus nitidus</i>, Weigm. l. c. p. 234, t. xvii. f. 2.</div>
+      <div class='line'>Var. <i>Tr. olivaceus</i>, Ib. l. c. p. 268.</div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c007'>Habitat, Guasco in Northern Chile.</p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Description.</span>—Head short and broad, rostrum rounded, obtuse. Scales of the head large, and
+slightly raised, separated by distinct grooves. Superciliary ridge strongly marked, forming a
+distinct carina, composed of five or six narrow, elongated, obliquely imbricated scales. Nostrils
+large, nearly round. A single series of narrow scales between those of the upper lip and the
+orbit. Scales of the temples imbricated, rhomboidal and carinated. The opening of the ear
+oval, rather large, furnished anteriorly with three or four projecting scales, of which the upper
+one is the largest. The neck is short, robust and round, and without any lateral fold; in
+which it differs from every other species of the genus. The trunk is thick, rounded on the
+back and sides, flattened beneath, diminishing toward either extremity. The tail is ordinarily
+almost twice as long as the body, thick at its origin, and tapering regularly to the extremity,
+nearly round, excepting near the base, where it is slightly quadrilateral. The anterior feet
+when placed against the sides, extend backwards little more than mid-way between the
+shoulder and the groin; the posterior ones, stretched forward, reach the arm-pit.</p>
+
+<p class='c022'>The scales of the whole upper and lateral parts of the body, tail, and limbs, are loosely
+imbricated, large, rhomboidal, and furnished with an elevated carina, terminating in an acute
+point: those of the under parts are large, smooth, and obtuse.</p>
+
+<p class='c022'><span class='pageno' id='Page_3'>3</span>This is one of the most beautiful species of the genus. The general form is robust and
+solid, forming a remarkable contrast with most other species of the genus. The surface is
+beautifully relieved by the fine, large and prominent scales, which are ranged in rows of
+perfect regularity, of which there are about eighteen on the back and side.</p>
+
+<p class='c022'>In colour and markings the individuals differ considerably; so as to have given rise to the
+opinion that they form three distinct species. Monsieur Bibron mentions two principal
+varieties, constituting the <i>Tropidurus olivaceus</i> and <i>Tr. Chilensis</i> of Weigmann. In the former,
+the colour is of a more or less bronzed bright green, or yellowish, according as the green or
+yellow colour prevails on the scales, each of which is green, with a border of yellow on each side:
+this border, according to M. Bibron, in some individuals of a blood-red colour. In some,
+especially in young individuals, there are several waved bands running transversely across the
+back.</p>
+
+<p class='c022'>In the second variety, says M. Bibron, the upper parts are either of an olive colour, with
+a golden glance in certain lights, or fulvous, with more or less of a yellow tint; and these have
+always four brown bands running the length of the body, appearing as if formed of a series of
+large spots united together. “The temples are marked with a black line, which extends from
+the posterior angle of the eye to the ear; another divides behind the occiput into two branches,
+which pass to the neck there to join the dorsal bands.” There are other variations of colour,
+but scarcely deserving to be considered as constituting permanent or fixed varieties; the
+largest and finest specimen I have seen, which I received from Chile, is almost uniformly of a
+fine metallic green, without any markings.</p>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr><th class='c023' colspan='4'>DIMENSIONS.</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'></td>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <th class='c024'>Inches.</th>
+    <th class='c025'>Lines.</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the head</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>9</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the body</td>
+    <td class='c026'>3</td>
+    <td class='c010'>5</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>&#160;</td>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>of the tail</td>
+ <td class='bbt c026'>6</td>
+ <td class='bbt c010'>0</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c026'>Total length</td>
+    <td class='c026'>10</td>
+    <td class='c010'>4</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of anterior extremity</td>
+    <td class='c026'>2</td>
+    <td class='c010'>0</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of posterior extremity</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>2</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class='c000'>This species would appear to be very common in Chile, from the numerous
+specimens from that country in the museum in Paris, which were brought by
+M. Gay, and by M. D’Orbigny. I have also received specimens from Capt.
+King. I find only one or two specimens in Mr. Darwin’s collection, which he
+found at Guasco in Chile.</p>
+
+<div>
+  <span class='pageno' id='Page_4'>4</span>
+  <h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Proctotretus gracilis.</span> N.S.</h3>
+</div>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate I.—Fig. 2.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Corpore gracili: capitis squamis lævibus, non imbricatis: aurium margine anteriore
+minutè  bi-tridentato: collo vix plicato, squamis imbricatis: serie unicâ squamarun
+supralabialium: femorum facie posteriore omninò granulosâ.</span></i></p>
+
+<p class='c000'>Habitat, Port Desire, Patagonia. Mr. Darwin, MS.</p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Description.</span>—This new species is more slender and graceful in its general form than any other of
+the genus, not excepting <i>Pr. tenuis</i>, which in its general proportions it considerably resembles.
+The head is rather short, the anterior portion including the eyes being nearly an equilateral
+triangle. The muzzle is rounded. The scales of the head flat, rather large, consisting behind
+the nose of three series of 2, 3, 3, and 2, mostly hexagons. The nostrils are small and
+perfectly round, the superciliary ridge is very slightly marked; there is but a single row of
+small linear scales between the labial and suborbitar. The ear is of moderate size, the anterior
+margin having two or three small projecting scales. The scales on the temples are imbricated
+and smooth; those of the sides of the neck also imbricated but very small. The neck is
+almost wholly without a fold, having merely a slight loose elevation of the skin. The scales of
+the back are small, rhomboidal, flat, the carina low, and not pointed at the extremity. They
+consist of about ten rows on each side of the median line. Those of the sides and belly are
+wholly without any notch on the free margin. The scales around the axillæ, and those of the
+posterior face of the thighs are granular. The tail is of considerable length, being more than
+twice the length of the head and body. The limbs are remarkably long; the anterior, when
+pressed against the side, reaching to the setting on of the thigh, and the posterior reaching
+forwards nearly to the ear. The general colour of the upper parts is greyish brown, with a
+yellow longitudinal fascia extending on each side from the upper edge of the orbit to some
+distance along the tail—and another from beneath the eye to the thigh. The middle of the
+back is lighter than the sides—beneath the second lateral line the colour fades, and on the
+belly it is pale buff or light yellow. The sides are dotted with black; and there are some dark
+waved lines and dots beneath the lower jaw.</p>
+
+<p class='c022'>This species is at once distinguished from every other by the fold of the neck being
+scarcely cognizable. It is however not so absolutely wanting as in <i>Pr. Chilensis</i>.</p>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr><th class='c023' colspan='4'>DIMENSIONS.</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'></td>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <th class='c024'>Inches.</th>
+    <th class='c025'>Lines.</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the head</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>5</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the body</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>4</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>&#160;</td>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>of the tail</td>
+ <td class='bbt c026'>3</td>
+ <td class='bbt c010'>8</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c026'>Total length</td>
+    <td class='c026'>5</td>
+    <td class='c010'>7</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of anterior extremity</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>7</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of posterior extremity</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>1</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class='c000'>A single individual of this species was taken by Mr. Darwin at Port Desire.</p>
+
+<div class='section'>
+
+<div class='c028'><a id='plate_01'></a><i>Plate 1.</i></div>
+
+</div>
+
+<div  class='figcenter id001'>
+<img src='images/plate_01.jpg' alt='' class='ig001'>
+<div class='ic001'>
+<p><i>Drawn from Nature by B. Waterhouse Hawkins, on stone in Lithotint C. Hullmandel’s Patent.</i></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c013'><i>1. Proctotretus Chilensis</i></td>
+    <td class='c029 bbt' rowspan='2'><i>Nat. Size.</i></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='bbt c013'><i>2. ____ gracilis</i></td>
+ 
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c013'><i>1a.</i> <i>1b.</i></td>
+    <td class='c029 bbt' rowspan='2'><i>Magnified views.</i></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c013'><i>2a.</i></td>
+    
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<div class='section'>
+
+<div class='c028'><a id='plate_02'></a><i>Plate 2.</i></div>
+
+</div>
+
+<div  class='figcenter id001'>
+<img src='images/plate_02.jpg' alt='' class='ig001'>
+<div class='ic001'>
+<p><i>Drawn from Nature by B. Waterhouse Hawkins,<br>  on stone in Lithotint C. Hullmandel’s Patent.</i></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class='lg-container-b c020'>
+  <div class='linegroup'>
+    <div class='group'>
+      <div class='line'><i>1. 2. Proctotretus pictus.</i> <i>Nat. Size.</i></div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<div>
+  <span class='pageno' id='Page_5'>5</span>
+  <h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Proctotretus pictus.</span></h3>
+</div>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate II.—Fig. 1, 2.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Capite squamis parvis, lævibus, non imbricatis; aurium margine anteriore granuloso;
+serie unicâ squamarum supralabialium; squamis temporum subcarinatis, imbricatis;
+collo ad latera granuloso; squamis dorsalibus parvis, rhombeis, carinâ humili, posticè
+obtusâ; facie posteriore femorum omninò granulosâ.</span></i></p>
+
+<div class='lg-container-b c020'>
+  <div class='linegroup'>
+    <div class='group'>
+      <div class='line'><i>Proctotretus pictus</i>, Bibr. l. c. p. 276.</div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c000'>Habitat, Chile.</p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Description.</span>—This species is moderately slender in its general form, but more fusiform than <i>Pr. tenuis</i>, which it much resembles in many of its characters. The head, which is rather short, and
+with the snout rounded, is covered with numerous small flat plates which vary exceedingly in
+their form and arrangement. The upper surface of the head is flattened, and the superciliary
+ridges distinctly marked. The temples are covered with small flat scales, which are slightly
+imbricated and carinated. The sides of the neck are granulated; and the anterior margin of
+the auditory cavity has small simple granulations. The scales of the back are distinguished
+from those of many other species by the flatness of the carina which is also obtuse posteriorly;
+they are small and closely imbricated. Those of the sides are almost without any carina, and
+those of the belly and throat small and very smooth, and the whole of them entire. The upper
+parts of the limbs are covered with scales similar to those of the back, but smaller. Those of
+the under part of the fore arm are similar, but beneath the thighs they are smooth and on the
+posterior part of the thighs they are wholly granular. The tail is furnished with quadrilateral
+carinated scales disposed in whorls. The margin of the cloaca has from two to four pores.</p>
+
+<p class='c022'>The colour of this species varies greatly. Bibron has enumerated three principal varieties,
+of which I have several specimens, which were brought home and presented to me by Capt.
+King, who obtained them during his survey of the coast of South America. These varieties,
+however, occasionally run into each other.</p>
+
+<p class='c022'>Var. A. General colour of the upper part bronzed or coppery, having a green longitudinal
+line on each side of the back, at the inner margin of which is a series of very distinct black dots.
+The sides of the neck and body are of a similar colour to the back, with indistinct black spots;
+beneath this part the ground colour becomes blue with black dots. The throat is blackish, and
+the inferior surface generally is very pale bluish green.</p>
+
+<p class='c022'>Var. B. This variety is described by M. Bibron as of a brown colour more or less dotted
+with yellow, and having a line of that colour along each side of the back, extending from the
+posterior angle of the eye to the base of the tail, and having on each side a series of angular
+black spots. Some of these spots on the upper part of the flanks, become dilated, so as to form
+a sort of vertical or transverse waved bands, with yellowish margins. On the neck there are
+small black lines, and the upper part of the head is brown with blackish spots. The upper
+surface of the legs and of the tail is brown with transverse bands composed of black dots. The
+<span class='pageno' id='Page_6'>6</span>whole under surface is of a whitish colour, sometimes having a slight tint of orange towards the
+posterior parts, marbled with black.</p>
+
+<p class='c022'>Var. C. In this variety the general colour is dark brown, and the yellow or green longitudinal
+lines which characterize the former varieties are but slightly marked; but the black spots
+unite and form irregular transverse bands.</p>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr><th class='c023' colspan='4'>DIMENSIONS.</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'></td>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <th class='c024'>Inches.</th>
+    <th class='c025'>Lines.</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the head</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>6</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the body</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>8</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>&#160;</td>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>of the tail</td>
+ <td class='bbt c026'>4</td>
+ <td class='bbt c010'>6</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c026'>7</td>
+    <td class='c010'>0</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class='c000'>This specimen very much resembles in its more tangible characters, the <i>Pr.
+tenuis</i>; from which, however, it differs totally in the colouring, and in some measure
+also in the general form, which is more thick and robust.</p>
+
+<p class='c000'>Found in Chile by M. Gay, from whence I also received specimens from Capt.
+King, and other sources.—“Valparaiso.” Mr. Darwin.</p>
+
+<h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Proctotretus Bibronii.</span> N.S.</h3>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate III.—Fig. I.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Capite squamis lævibus, subconvexis; auribus ovalibus, margine anteriore unidentato;
+squamis temporum collique rotundatis lævibus imbricatis; colli minimis; serie unicâ
+squamarum supralabialium; squamis dorsi rhomboideis, carinatis, posticè acuminatis;
+abdominis squamis omnibus integris; femorum facie posteriori omninò
+granulosâ.</span></i></p>
+
+<p class='c000'>Habitat, Port Desire. Mr. Darwin.</p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Description.</span>—General form resembling that of <i>Pr. pictus</i> and <i>cyanogaster</i>. Head moderately
+short, obtuse, covered with rather large slightly convex scales; a single row of scales between
+the labial and the orbitar. The anterior margin of the ear has a single tooth. The temples
+and the sides of the neck are covered with imbricated scales, which have no carina—those of
+the neck, especially those on the fold of the skin are smaller and more raised than the others.
+The scales of the back are rather large, rhomboidal, with a distinct carina, terminating in a
+point. Those of the abdomen and sides are all of them entire at the margin. The posterior
+surface of the thighs is wholly granular.</p>
+
+<p class='c022'>The only specimen obtained being a female, the number of pre-anal pores is not known.</p>
+
+<p class='c022'>The general colour of this species is brownish grey; a black longitudinal line runs down
+the middle of the back and tail. There are two series of black spots on each side, and a
+small interrupted fascia of the same colour extends from the shoulder to the thigh. The
+belly is of an uniform dirty white.</p>
+
+<div class='section'>
+
+<div class='c028'><a id='plate_03'></a><i>Plate 3.</i></div>
+
+</div>
+
+<div  class='figcenter id001'>
+<img src='images/plate_03.jpg' alt='' class='ig001'>
+<div class='ic001'>
+<p><i>From Nature by B. Waterhouse Hawkins<br>  in Lithotint C. Hullmandel’s Patent.</i></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<table class='table3'>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c012'><i>1. Proctotretus</i></td>
+    <td class='c012'><i>Bibronii</i></td>
+ <td class='blt c012 bbt' rowspan='2'><i>Nat. Size.</i></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c012'><i>2.</i></td>
+    <td class='c012'><i>tenuis</i></td>
+ 
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c012'><i>a &#38; b.</i>  <i>1 &#38; 2.</i></td>
+    <td class='c012' colspan='2'><i>Magnified Views of Heads.</i></td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class='c000'><span class='pageno' id='Page_7'>7</span>This species approaches considerably to <i>Pr. cyanogaster</i> in general form and habit, and in
+many of its characters; but it may be at once distinguished from it not only by its colouring,
+but by the absence of even the slightest appearance of a carina on any of the scales of the
+temples or of the sides of the neck.</p>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr><th class='c023' colspan='4'>DIMENSIONS.</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'></td>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <th class='c024'>Inches.</th>
+    <th class='c025'>Lines.</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the head</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>6</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the body</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>6</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>&#160;</td>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>of the tail</td>
+ <td class='bbt c026'>3</td>
+ <td class='bbt c010'>4</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c026'>Total length</td>
+    <td class='c026'>5</td>
+    <td class='c010'>6</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of anterior extremity</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>7</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of posterior extremity</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>1</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class='c000'>Found by Mr. Darwin at Port Desire, in Patagonia.</p>
+
+<h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Proctotretus tenuis.</span></h3>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate III.—Fig. 2.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Capite squamis lævibus, non imbricatis; auribus magnis, margine anteriore subtuberculato;
+serie unicâ squamarum supralabialium; temporibus squamis rotundatis,
+imbricatis; collo granuloso; squamis dorsi parvis, obtusis, carinis minimis;
+squamis lateralibus exiguis, non imbricatis; facie posteriore femorum omninò
+granulosâ.</span></i></p>
+
+<div class='lg-container-b c020'>
+  <div class='linegroup'>
+    <div class='group'>
+      <div class='line'><i>Proctotretus tenuis</i>, Bibr. l. c. p. 279.</div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Description.</span>—General form slender: head rather short and obtuse, covered with flattened smooth
+scales; anterior margin of the ears with one or more slight tubercles; temples covered with
+rounded imbricated scales, some of which are slightly carinated; sides of the neck, and
+above the shoulders granular; scales of the back small, slightly carinated, obtuse; those of
+the sides very small, very little imbricated; those of the belly small and smooth. The
+posterior surface of the thighs has no patch of imbricated scales, but is wholly granular.</p>
+
+<p class='c022'>The colour of the two specimens brought home by Mr. Darwin is so much obliterated,
+that I am obliged to have recourse to the account given by Bibron of the colour and markings
+of this species:— “<span lang="fr">Les deux sexes du <i>Proctotréte svelte</i> n’ont pas le même mode de coloration.
+Ni l’un ni l’autre ne portent, de chaque côté du dos, une bande longitudinale verte ou jaunâtre
+comme cela s’observe dans l’espèce précédente, (<i>Pr. pictus</i>.)</span></p>
+
+<p class='c022'>“<span lang="fr">Le mâle a le dessus de la tête nuancé de brun et de fauve, ou bien ponctué de jaune
+et de noirâtre. La région cervicale est, ainsi que le dos, vermiculée de noir sur un fond brun,
+<span class='pageno' id='Page_8'>8</span>qui est lui-même semé de taches, soit bleuâtres, soit verdâtres, on ardoisées; quelquefois même
+on en remarque de jaunâtres. Presque tous les individus ont les côtés du cou marqués
+chaqun d’une raie noire qui s’étend depuis le haut de l’oreille jusqu’à l’épaule. Les membres
+et la queue sont coupés en travers par des bandes onduleuses noirâtres, dont les intervalles se
+trouvent remplis par de taches, les unes bleuâtres, les autres de la couleur du cuivre rouge,
+la gorge tantot est jaune, tantot d’un beau vert métallique. Souvent elle est, de même que les
+autres régions inférieures de l’animal, vermiculée de gris-brun pâle sur un fond blanchâtres,
+glacé de violet.</span></p>
+
+<p class='c022'>“<span lang="fr">La femelle a toutes ses parties supérieures peintes d’un gris-brun fauve. Son cou et son
+dos portent deux séries parallèle de demi-cercles noirs, ayant leur bord convexe tourné de coté
+de la tête, et leur bord concave liseré de blanchâtre, ou bien d’une teinte plus claire que celle
+du fond de la couleur du dos. La région moyenne de celuici est quelquefois ponctuée
+de noir, ou tachetée de blanchâtre. Des lignes noires onduleuses traversent le dessus de la
+queue dont le dessous est souvent cuivreux. Les régions inférieures sont blanchâtres ou bien
+colorées de la même manière que celles des individus mâles.</span>”</p>
+
+<p class='c022'>Mr. Darwin’s only observation on the colour of this species is, that it is “brownish black
+with transverse black bands.”</p>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr><th class='c023' colspan='4'>DIMENSIONS.</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'></td>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <th class='c024'>Inches.</th>
+    <th class='c025'>Lines.</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the head</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>5</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the body</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>6</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>&#160;</td>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>of the tail</td>
+ <td class='bbt c026'>2</td>
+ <td class='bbt c010'>1</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c026'>Total length</td>
+    <td class='c026'>4</td>
+    <td class='c010'>2</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of anterior extremity</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>8</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of posterior extremity</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>3</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class='c000'>Found at Valparaiso, and at Concepcion, in Chile.</p>
+
+<h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Proctotretus signifer.</span></h3>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate IV.—Fig. 1.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Capite brevi, obtuso, depresso, squamis lævibus planis; aurium margine anteriore
+bi-tuberculato; squamis temporum imbricatis; colli granulatis; serie unicâ squamarum
+supralabialium; squamis dorsi laxis imbricatis, vix carinatis; facie posteriore
+femorum omninò granulosâ. Dorso flavescenti-griseo, signis nigris, in seriebus
+quatuor longitudinalibus dispositis.</span></i></p>
+
+<div class='lg-container-b c020'>
+  <div class='linegroup'>
+    <div class='group'>
+      <div class='line'><i>Proctotretus signifer</i>, Bibr. l. c. p. 288.</div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<div class='section'>
+
+<div class='c028'><a id='plate_04'></a><i>Plate 4.</i></div>
+
+</div>
+
+<div  class='figcenter id001'>
+<img src='images/plate_04.jpg' alt='' class='ig001'>
+<div class='ic001'>
+<p><i>Printed by C. Hullmandel.</i></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c013'><i>1.</i></td>
+    <td class='c013'><i>Proctotretus</i></td>
+    <td class='c014'><i>signifer.</i></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c013'><i>2.</i></td>
+    <td class='c013'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c014'><i>nigromaculatus.</i></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c013'><i>2a.</i></td>
+    <td class='c013'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c014'><i>Magnified View.</i></td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class='c030'><span class='pageno' id='Page_9'>9</span>Head short, depressed, somewhat abruptly deflexed from the vertex—the scales flat, those
+of the suprà-orbital arch being numerous, and less regular than in most other species. Between
+the labial scales, and the long infra-orbital plate is a single series of rounded scales.<a id='r1'></a><a href='#f1' class='c031'><sup>[1]</sup></a> The scales
+of the temples are rather large, somewhat rounded, slightly imbricated, and a few of the
+posterior ones having the vestige of an obtuse carina. The ear is rather small, the anterior
+margin having two slightly prominent scales towards the lower part.</p>
+
+<div class='footnote c032' id='f1'>
+<p class='c000'><span class='label'><a href='#r1'>1</a>.&#160;&#160;</span>Mons. Bibron states that there are two series, but on examining his specimen I find a single series only.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c030'>The body is depressed; the tail moderately long, thick and slightly four-sided at the base,
+becoming much smaller and round towards the middle. The scales of the sides of the neck
+are small and granular; those of the upper parts of the body small, rhomboidal, rounded
+posteriorly, loose, much imbricated, and with an extremely low and inconspicuous carina.
+They are arranged in about twenty-two longitudinal series. Those of the sides are larger and
+quite smooth. The scales of the whole under part of the throat and belly are rhomboidal,
+smooth and much imbricated; a very few towards the sides of the abdomen are slightly notched
+at the apex. The under surface of the anterior and the hinder surface of the posterior extremities
+are covered with very fine granular scales; those of the upper surface of the members
+being rhomboidal, smooth, but slightly carinated and obtuse. The tail is covered with small
+rhomboidal scales which are considerably imbricated and distinctly carinated. The scales of
+the upper surface of the toes are smooth; those on their sides uni-carinated, and those beneath
+tri-carinated and broad.</p>
+
+<p class='c030'>The general colour of the upper parts is a yellowish grey, with black markings, which have
+somewhat the character, as Mons. Bibron observes, of Arabic letters. On the neck and back
+these markings are disposed in four longitudinal series; and there are small linear markings on
+the upper part of the shoulders and thighs. The tail is similarly marked, the under parts are
+whitish, with brown lines and spots.</p>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr><th class='c023' colspan='4'>DIMENSIONS.</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'></td>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <th class='c024'>Inches.</th>
+    <th class='c025'>Lines.</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the head</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>6</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the body</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>5</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>&#160;</td>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>of the tail</td>
+ <td class='bbt c026'>3</td>
+ <td class='bbt c010'>0</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c026'>Total length</td>
+    <td class='c026'>5</td>
+    <td class='c010'>1</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of anterior extremity</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>8</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of posterior extremity</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>2</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class='c000'>This species is not found amongst the reptiles obtained by Mr. Darwin, but as
+it has never been figured, it appeared very desirable that this opportunity should
+not be lost. I am indebted to the great kindness of my friend M. Bibron for the
+loan of the only specimen which I have seen, and from which the accompanying
+figure is taken. It formed part of the zoological collections obtained by Mons.
+D’Orbigny for the French Museum.</p>
+
+<div>
+  <span class='pageno' id='Page_10'>10</span>
+  <h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Proctotretus nigromaculatus.</span></h3>
+</div>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate IV.—Fig. 2.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Capite brevi, squamis neque imbricatis nec carinatis, tecto; auribus margine anteriore
+tridentato; serie unicâ squamarum supralabialium; squamis temporum magnis,
+rotundatis, imbricatis; colli (et præcipuè plicæ) crassis, elevatis; facie posteriore
+femorum omninò granulosâ; squamis nonnullis ad latera abdominis gulæque emarginatis;
+maculâ transversè; oblongâ, nigrâ, suprà regionem scapularem.</span></i></p>
+
+<div class='lg-container-b c020'>
+  <div class='linegroup'>
+    <div class='group'>
+      <div class='line'><i>Tropidurus (Leiolæmus) nigromaculatus</i>, Weigm. Act. Acad. Cæs. Nat. cur. xvii. p. 229.</div>
+      <div class='line'><i>Proctotretus nigromaculatus</i>, Bibr. l. c. p. 281.</div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c000'>Habitat, Coquimbo, Chile.</p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Description.</span>—Head short, the muzzle rounded, rather obtuse; scales of the upper part of the head
+somewhat convex, smooth; a single line of scales between the labial and orbitar; ears rather
+large, the anterior margin having three rather prominent scales, the middle one being the
+largest. Temporal scales somewhat large, smooth, rounded, and imbricated, those towards the
+upper part slightly carinated; those of the sides of the neck thick and elevated, those on the
+fold being rather acutely prominent; scales of the back carinated, the carina terminating in an
+acute point; a few of the scales at the sides of the abdomen and throat notched; the remainder
+of the scales of the under parts rhomboidal. The scales about the axilla and around the base
+of the shoulder are granular and very small, as are those of the posterior surface of the thighs,
+on which part there are no imbricated scales as in <i>Tr. Fitzingerii</i>. The tail is round, excepting
+at the base where it is slightly flattened; it is moderately long and slender. The anterior
+extremity placed against the side does not reach to the thigh; the posterior similarly placed
+reaches to the shoulder. The colour of this species is yellowish grey above, with a yellowish
+longitudinal line on each side the back, and two rows of black spots each margined with yellow
+behind. There is a large and distinct oblong black mark on the region of the scapula, from
+which circumstance the species takes its name. On the posterior surface of the thighs, towards
+the upper part, are three or four black dots placed in a line. The under surface is yellowish
+white with dark grey dots and lines under the chin and throat.</p>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr><th class='c023' colspan='4'>DIMENSIONS.</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'></td>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <th class='c024'>Inches.</th>
+    <th class='c025'>Lines.</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the head</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>5</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the body</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>5</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>&#160;</td>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>of the tail</td>
+ <td class='bbt c026'>2</td>
+ <td class='bbt c010'>8</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c026'>Total length</td>
+    <td class='c026'>4</td>
+    <td class='c010'>8</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of anterior extremity</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>8</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of posterior extremity</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>2</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class='c000'>This species was first described by Weigmann, and subsequently by M.
+Bibron, from specimens obtained by Gaudichaud from Coquimbo, at which place
+the single specimen brought home by Mr. Darwin was also obtained.</p>
+
+<div class='section'>
+
+<div class='c028'><a id='plate_05'></a><i>Plate 5.</i></div>
+
+</div>
+
+<div  class='figcenter id001'>
+<img src='images/plate_05.jpg' alt='' class='ig001'>
+<div class='ic001'>
+<p><i>From Nature by B. Waterhouse Hawkins,<br>  in Lithotint C. Hullmandel’s Patent.</i></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<table class='table3'>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c033'><i>1.</i></td>
+    <td class='c033'><i>Proctotretus</i></td>
+    <td class='c033'><i>Fitzingerii.</i></td>
+ <td class='blt c012 bbt' rowspan='2'><i>Nat. Size.</i></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c033'><i>2.</i></td>
+    <td class='c033'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c033'><i>Cyanogaster</i></td>
+ 
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<div>
+  <span class='pageno' id='Page_11'>11</span>
+  <h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Proctotretus Fitzingerii.</span></h3>
+</div>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate V.—Fig. 1.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Capite squamis lævibus, non imbricatis; margine anteriore aurium granuloso; squamis
+supralabialibus ovalibus, in serie  unicâ dispositis; squamis dorsalibus parum carinatis,
+posticè obtusis. Facie posteriore femorum præcipuè granulosâ sed portione,
+caudam versus, squamis majoribus, rhomboideis imbricatis tectâ.</span></i></p>
+
+<div class='lg-container-b c020'>
+  <div class='linegroup'>
+    <div class='group'>
+      <div class='line'><i>Proctotretus Fitzingerii</i>, Bibr. l. c. p. 286.</div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c000'>Habitat, Patagonia.</p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Description.</span>—General form thick and robust, the head short being nearly as broad as it is long.
+The muzzle slightly rounded. Scales of the head flat, small and numerous. Two scales only
+behind the rostral and between those which are pierced by the nostrils. Those over the nose
+and around the occipital scales being larger and more regularly arranged than the others.
+The ear is large, oval, the anterior margin having, towards the upper part, about three small,
+oval, granular, very slightly projecting scales. Temples covered with small, rounded or slightly
+hexagonal scales, which are scarcely imbricated. A single range of rather broad oval scales
+between the orbit and the upper lip. Scales of the sides of the neck, and above and behind
+the shoulder small, granular. The trunk thick; scales of the back very small, imbricated, very
+slightly carinated, and not pointed behind; those of the under parts smooth and rhomboidal.
+The legs are short and robust. The anterior pair, placed against the side do not extend
+backwards more than halfway to the thigh. The posterior pair do not quite reach the arms.
+The posterior face of the thighs is covered with granular scales, excepting a large patch near
+the groin rising to near the upper surface of the thigh, which are imbricated and rhomboidal,
+similar to those of the inferior surface of the thigh. The scales of the upper part of the toes
+are smooth, those beneath have one or two slight carinæ.</p>
+
+<p class='c022'>This species varies very much in colour; three or four tolerably distinct varieties may be
+noticed, but they often pass more or less into each other. As I have only one of these varieties
+in my possession, I quote the following description from Mons. Bibron’s account of the
+specimens in the French Museum.</p>
+
+<p class='c022'><span lang="fr">Var. A. Les parties supérieures sont grises, ou bien d’un brun marron plus ou moins
+clair. Il règne au long du cou et du dos quatre series de taches noires, bordées de blanc en
+arrière. La queue et les membres offrent des bandes transversales anguleuse, d’un teint
+marron noirâtre, alternant avec des bandes semblables mais de couleur blanche. Les régions
+inférieures aussi sont blanches, excepté la gorge, qui est parcourue par des raies confluentes
+brunes. D’autres raies d’un brun marron sont imprimées verticalement, sur les lèvres.</span></p>
+
+<p class='c022'><span lang="fr">Var. B. Cette variété  se distingue de la précédente, en ce que le dessus de ses membres
+est ponctué  de noirâtre, et que les quatre séries de taches qui ornent le dos de la première
+variété  sont appliquées ici sur un fond fauve jaunâtre. Puis la gorge est verdâtre et le ventre
+noir, marbré de blanc.</span></p>
+
+<p class='c000'><span class='pageno' id='Page_12'>12</span><span lang="fr">Var. C. Le dessus du corps est uniformement peint d’un vert olive. Le dessus du cou, le
+milieu de la poitrine et celui du ventre sont d’un noir profond.</span></p>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr><th class='c023' colspan='4'>DIMENSIONS.</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'></td>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <th class='c024'>Inches.</th>
+    <th class='c025'>Lines.</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the head</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>7</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the body</td>
+    <td class='c026'>2</td>
+    <td class='c010'>8</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>&#160;</td>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>of the tail</td>
+ <td class='bbt c026'>4</td>
+ <td class='bbt c010'>2</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c026'>Total length</td>
+    <td class='c026'>7</td>
+    <td class='c010'>7</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of anterior extremity</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>2</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of posterior extremity</td>
+    <td class='c026'>2</td>
+    <td class='c010'>0</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class='c000'>This species agrees with <i>Pr. Darwinii</i> and <i>Weigmannii</i>, and in some degree
+with <i>Pr. Kingii</i>, in having a portion of the posterior face of the thighs covered
+with imbricated scales. This is a character, which although existing in all those
+which I have named, is found to obtain in very different degrees; in <i>Tr. Weigmannii</i>
+being very distinctly marked, and in <i>Tr. Kingii</i> very slightly so, and in
+some specimens scarcely notable. It is probable, that var. B., and possibly A.
+also, of Mons. Bibron, may be <i>Pr. Kingii</i>; but I have not had the opportunity of
+ascertaining this from the actual examination of the specimens.</p>
+
+<p class='c000'>Found by Mr. Darwin at Port Desire, and at Santa Cruz, in Patagonia.</p>
+
+<h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Proctotretus cyanogaster.</span></h3>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate V.—Fig. 2.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Squamis capitis neque imbricatis nec carinatis; temporum imbricatis, subcarinatis,
+margine rotundato; aurium margine anteriore simplici; squamis dorsalibus rhombeis,
+laxis, carinâ posticè acutâ; femorum facie posteriore omninò granulosâ;
+corpore suprà olivaceo, fascia utrinque longitudinali flavescenti; abdomine cœruleo.</span></i></p>
+
+<div class='lg-container-b c020'>
+  <div class='linegroup'>
+    <div class='group'>
+      <div class='line'><i>Proctotretus cyanogaster</i>, Bibr. l. c. p. 273.</div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c000'>Habitat, Valparaiso, and Valdivia, Chile.</p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Description.</span>—It has been well observed by M. Bibron that this species offers at first sight somewhat
+the general aspect of the genus Algira; the acute points of the dorsal and lateral scales
+and the general form giving very much that appearance.</p>
+
+<p class='c022'>The head is of moderate size, somewhat deflexed; the scales moderate, flat and smooth;
+those of the temples are slightly carinated, imbricated and rounded: those of the sides of the
+neck small, not granular, but rhomboidal and imbricated. There is but a single series of oblong
+scales between the labial ones and the orbit. The margin of the ear is entire and simple; the
+scales of the back are lozenge-shaped, the carina of moderate height but prolonged into an
+acute point. Amongst those of the sides of the neck and belly are a few which are notched
+at the margin.<a id='r2'></a><a href='#f2' class='c031'><sup>[2]</sup></a> The scales of the posterior surface of the thigh are wholly granular.</p>
+
+<div class='footnote c032' id='f2'>
+<p class='c034'><span class='label'><a href='#r2'>2</a>.&#160;&#160;</span>This is contrary to the character given by M. Bibron, who states that the whole of these are entire.</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class='section c035'>
+
+<div class='c036'><a id='plate_06'></a><i>Plate 6.</i></div>
+
+</div>
+
+<div  class='figcenter id001'>
+<img src='images/plate_06.jpg' alt='' class='ig001'>
+<div class='ic001'>
+<p><i>Drawn from Nature by B. Waterhouse Hawkins,<br>  on stone in Lithotint. C. Hullmandel’s Patent.</i></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<table class='table3'>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c033'><i>1.</i></td>
+ <td class='blt c012 bbt' rowspan='2'><i>Proctotretus Kingii</i> <i>Nat. Size.</i></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='bbt c033'><i>2.</i></td>
+ 
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c033'><i>a. b.</i></td>
+ <td class='blt c012'><i>Magnified View.</i></td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class='c022'><span class='pageno' id='Page_13'>13</span>The proportions of the limbs vary in the two sexes. In the male they are considerably
+longer than in the female. In the latter the posterior extremity when placed against the side
+extends only to the arm, in the former it reaches to the ear. The ground colour of the back
+is chesnut brown or greenish brown, with a bright metallic green glance in certain lights;
+there are two light buff longitudinal fasciæ running the whole length of the body; the under
+parts are of a bright metallic blue colour. Mr. Darwin states that in one specimen there were
+emerald spots on the sides, which did not exist in another individual. This may possibly be a
+sexual peculiarity.</p>
+
+<p class='c000'>DIMENSIONS OF A MALE SPECIMEN.</p>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr><th class='c023' colspan='4'>DIMENSIONS OF A MALE SPECIMEN.</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'></td>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <th class='c026'>Inches.</th>
+    <th class='c010'>Lines.</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the head</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>6</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the body</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>9</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>&#160;</td>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>of the tail</td>
+ <td class='bbt c026'>3</td>
+ <td class='bbt c010'>3</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c026'>Total length</td>
+    <td class='c026'>5</td>
+    <td class='c010'>8</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of anterior extremity</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>0</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of posterior extremity</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>5</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class='c000'>Found by Mr. Darwin at Valparaiso, and at Valdivia; the former is a very
+dry rocky country, with a scanty vegetation; whereas the latter is nearly level,
+covered with the thickest forest, and the climate exceedingly humid.</p>
+
+<h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Proctotretus Kingii, N.S.</span></h3>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate VI.—Fig. 1, 2.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Squamis capitis neque imbricatis nec carinatis; supralabialibus in serie unicâ; aurium
+margine anteriore granuloso; interdum unidentata; squamis, dorsalibus carinatis,
+posticè acuminatis, femorum facie posteriore præcipuè granulosâ, sed portione parvâ,
+caudam versus, squamis parvis, rotundatis imbicratis tectâ.</span></i></p>
+
+<p class='c000'>Habitat, Port Desire in Patagonia.</p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Description.</span>—General form robust and full; the head short, thick, and passing into the neck without
+any distinct contraction; the muzzle rounded. Scales of the head larger in proportion than
+in <i>Pr. Fitzingerii</i>. Ear large, oval, with the anterior margin granular, sometimes slightly
+toothed. Scales of the temples of moderate size, imbricated, smooth, somewhat raised. A
+single range of oval moderate-sized scales between the labial and the orbital scales on the
+<span class='pageno' id='Page_14'>14</span>sides of the neck, above and behind the shoulder small, granular, and some of them having a
+minute pore. Scales of the back of moderate size, larger than in <i>Fitzingerii</i>, rhomboid, having
+a rather prominent carina, and terminating in a distinct point. Scales of the under parts
+smooth and rhomboidal. The posterior surface of the thighs is for the most part granular, but
+a small portion near the groin is covered with larger imbricated scales; to a much smaller
+extent, however, than in <i>Fitzingerii</i>, and other species which possess this character.</p>
+
+<p class='c022'>The general colour of the upper part of this species is a rich dark brown, with whitish
+transverse bands and spots, having a black margin. I have figured in fig. 2, of Plate VI., a
+remarkable variety in which the bands are alternate black and white, and a broader and a
+narrower longitudinal fascia of a yellowish-white colour, run the whole length of the body on
+each side. The under parts are yellowish-white, with dark or almost black spots; under the
+throat bluish-gray with white spots.</p>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr><th class='c023' colspan='4'>DIMENSIONS.</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'></td>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <th class='c024'>Inches.</th>
+    <th class='c025'>Lines.</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the head</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>8</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the body</td>
+    <td class='c026'>2</td>
+    <td class='c010'>3</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>&#160;</td>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>of the tail</td>
+ <td class='bbt c026'>3</td>
+ <td class='bbt c010'>4</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c026'>Total length</td>
+    <td class='c026'>6</td>
+    <td class='c010'>5</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of anterior extremity</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>1</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of posterior extremity</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>4</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class='c000'>This species much resembles <i>Pr. Fitzingerii</i> in many of its characters, as
+well as in its size. It may, however, be at once distinguished from it by the character
+of the scales of the back, which in this species are very distinctly carinated,
+of a rather elongated form, and pointed at the extremity; whereas in the other
+they are shorter, smaller, the carina is very slight, almost indistinct, and the posterior
+extremity is obtuse.</p>
+
+<p class='c000'>The tail in the larger figure of our plate is deformed, having been renewed.
+The specimen figured at (2,) in the same plate, is so remarkably distinct in the
+colours and marking, as to lead me to suppose that it may possibly be a different
+species.</p>
+
+<h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Proctotretus Darwinii.</span></h3>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate VII.—Fig. 1, 2.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Corpore subdepresso; capite squamis numerosis, parvis, subelevatis, lævibus non imbricatis;
+aurium margine anteriore integro; temporibus colloque granulatis; serie
+unicâ squamarum supralabialium; facie posteriore femorun partìm granulosâ,
+partìm squamis imbricatis tectâ.</span></i></p>
+
+<p class='c000'>Habitat, Bahia Blanca, Northern Patagonia. Mr. Darwin.</p>
+
+<div class='section'>
+
+<div class='c028'><a id='plate_07'></a><i>Plate 7.</i></div>
+
+</div>
+
+<div  class='figcenter id001'>
+<img src='images/plate_07.jpg' alt='' class='ig001'>
+<div class='ic001'>
+<p><i>From Nature by B. Waterhouse Hawkins,<br>  in Lithotint C. Hullmandel’s Patent.</i></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<table class='table3'>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c033'><i>1.</i></td>
+ <td class='blt c012 bbt' rowspan='2'><i>Proctotretus Darwinii. Nat. Size.</i></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='bbt c033'><i>2.</i></td>
+ 
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c033'><i>1 a &#38; b.</i></td>
+ <td class='blt c012 bbt' rowspan='2'><i>Magnified Views.</i></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c033'><i>2 a.</i></td>
+ 
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<div class='section'>
+
+<div class='c028'><a id='plate_08'></a><i>Plate 8.</i></div>
+
+</div>
+
+<div  class='figcenter id001'>
+<img src='images/plate_08.jpg' alt='' class='ig001'>
+<div class='ic001'>
+<p><i>B. Waterhouse Hawkins lithog.</i></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<table class='table3'>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c033'><i>1.</i></td>
+ <td class='blt c012 bbt' rowspan='2'><i>Proctotretus Weigmannii.</i></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='bbt c033'><i>2.</i></td>
+ 
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c033'><i>1a.</i></td>
+ <td class='blt c012 bbt' rowspan='2'><i>Magnified Views.</i></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c033'><i>2a.</i></td>
+ 
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='pageno' id='Page_15'>15</span><span class='sc'>Description.</span>—The general form of this new species is similar to that of <i>Pr. Weigmannii</i>, but less
+elongate and somewhat more depressed, resembling in general appearance some of the forms
+of the genus Sceloporus. Head covered with rather small and consequently numerous scales,
+slightly elevated, and separated from each other by distinct and deep lines. A single series of
+small scales between the labial scales and the orbit. The exterior margin of the ear is entire
+and even. Scales of the temple and at the sides of the neck wholly granular, the latter very
+small. The scales of the back are small, flat, with a very low carina, and not pointed at the
+posterior extremity. There are about twenty rows of dorsal scales. The posterior surface of
+the thighs is granulated, excepting a small patch near the tail of imbricated scales, similar to
+those of the inferior surface, as in <i>Pr. Weigmannii</i>. The tail is of moderate length, and the
+scales which cover it are short, depressed, and obtuse in comparison with those of several other
+species. The pre-anal pores, which are peculiar to the male, are about ten in number.</p>
+
+<p class='c022'>The general colour is gray, with two light longitudinal lines on each side, and a row of
+black spots along the inner margin of the dorsal ones. The under surface is nearly white, with
+black dots under the throat.</p>
+
+<p class='c022'>The anterior legs, when stretched backwards against the side, reach about two-thirds
+towards the thigh; and the posterior when stretched forwards, extend to the shoulder.</p>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr><th class='c023' colspan='4'>DIMENSIONS.</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'></td>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <th class='c024'>Inches.</th>
+    <th class='c025'>Lines.</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the head</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>5</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the body</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>6</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>&#160;</td>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>of the tail</td>
+ <td class='bbt c026'>3</td>
+ <td class='bbt c010'>4</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c026'>Total length</td>
+    <td class='c026'>5</td>
+    <td class='c010'>5</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of anterior extremities</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>8</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of posterior extremities</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>2</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class='c000'>It is at first sight extremely difficult to distinguish this species from younger
+individuals of <i>Pr. Fitzingerii</i>, from which, however, it differs in the more linear
+form of the supralabial scales, in the absence of imbricated scales on the lateral
+fold of the neck, the more entire margin of the ear. In the existence of a patch
+of larger imbricated scales on the posterior surface of the thighs, it resembles
+<i>Pr. Weigmannii</i>; from which, however, it may be at once distinguished by the
+single row of supralabial scales, the later species having a double row.</p>
+
+<h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Proctotretus Weigmannii.</span></h3>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate VIII.—Fig. 1, 2.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Capite squamis lævibus non imbricatis tecto; auribus rotundis margine anteriore
+<span class='pageno' id='Page_16'>16</span>minutè  granulato. Seriebus <a id='t16'></a>duabus squamarum supralabialium. Femorum facie
+posteriore partìm granulosâ, partìm squamis minutis imbricatis tectâ.</span></i></p>
+
+<div class='lg-container-b c020'>
+  <div class='linegroup'>
+    <div class='group'>
+      <div class='line'><i>Proctotretus Weigmannnii</i>, Bibr. l. c. p. 284.</div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c000'>Habitat, Northern Patagonia and La Plata.</p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Description.</span>—Head rather short, covered with numerous slightly raised scales, not carinated nor
+imbricated; snout rather obtuse and slightly rounded, nostrils semicircular. Two series of
+very small scales between the labial scales and the orbit. Ear of moderate size, the anterior
+margin furnished merely with minute granular scales. Scales of the temples flat and smooth.
+Fold on the sides of the neck distinctly marked, anteriorly bifurcated; the remainder somewhat
+waved. Sides of the neck granulated scales of the whole of the upper and back parts
+of the body and tail of moderate size, the carina little elevated and the point but slightly
+prominent. The scales of the inferior parts of the neck and body are smooth, polished, and
+imbricated, those towards the sides of the neck minutely emarginated. The scales of the
+limbs resemble those of the body; those of the upper surface being carinated and those
+beneath smooth. The posterior face of the thighs is generally covered with granular scales,
+but there is on this part near the tail, a distinct patch of imbricated scales resembling those
+of the inferior surface of the thighs, a character by which this species may at once be
+distinguished from all others. The anterior extremity placed against the side reaches about
+two-thirds of the distance towards the groin; the posterior extremity reaches forward to the
+shoulder.</p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Colour.</span>—The back and sides are brownish gray, with a yellow longitudinal band on each side of
+the back, separating transverse black or dark brown bands of various size and form; and there
+is in most on each side a smaller interrupted yellow band. The under parts generally of a
+yellowish white, in some individuals sparsely dotted with black. Mr. Darwin says of some
+individuals of this species that they have “an orange-coloured gorge, and faint stripes of blue,”
+also “ash-grey with dark brown marks and specks of orange and blue.”</p>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr><th class='c023' colspan='4'>DIMENSIONS.</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'></td>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <th class='c024'>Inches.</th>
+    <th class='c025'>Lines.</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the head</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>5</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the body</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>5</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>&#160;</td>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>of the tail</td>
+ <td class='bbt c026'>2</td>
+ <td class='bbt c010'>2</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c026'>Total length</td>
+    <td class='c026'>4</td>
+    <td class='c010'>2</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of anterior extremity</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>1</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of posterior extremity</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>8</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class='c000'>This species was found by Mr. Darwin at Bahia Blanca and at Rio Negro,
+on the northern confines of Patagonia, and at Maldonado, near the mouth of the
+Rio Plata.</p>
+
+<div class='section'>
+
+<div class='c028'><a id='plate_09'></a><i>Plate 9.</i></div>
+
+</div>
+
+<div  class='figcenter id001'>
+<img src='images/plate_09.jpg' alt='' class='ig001'>
+<div class='ic001'>
+<p><i>Drawn from Nature by B. Waterhouse Hawkins,<br>  on stone in Lithotint C. Hullmandel’s Patent.</i></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c013'><i>1.</i></td>
+    <td class='c013'><i>Tropidurus</i></td>
+    <td class='c013'><i>multimaculatus.</i></td>
+    <td class='c029 bbt' rowspan='2'><i>Nat. Size.</i></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='bbt c013'><i>2.</i></td>
+ <td class='bbt c013'>&#160;</td>
+ <td class='bbt c013'><i>pectinatus</i></td>
+ 
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c013'><i>1a. 1b.</i></td>
+    <td class='c014 bbt' colspan='3' rowspan='2'><i>Magnified Views.</i></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c013'><i>2a.</i></td>
+    
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<div>
+  <span class='pageno' id='Page_17'>17</span>
+  <h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Proctotretus multimaculatus.</span></h3>
+</div>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate IX.—Fig. 1.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Corpore subdepresso; capite squamis numerosis parvis tecto; auribus parvis, margine
+lævi; seriebus quatuor squamarum supralabialium; squamis temporum imbricatis;
+collo granuloso; femorum facie posteriore partìm granulosâ, partìm squamis imbricatis
+tectâ.</span></i></p>
+
+<div class='lg-container-b c020'>
+  <div class='linegroup'>
+    <div class='group'>
+      <div class='line'><i>Proctotretus multimaculatus</i>, Bibr. l. c. p. 291.</div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c000'>Habitat, Bahia Blanca, Northern Patagonia.</p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Description.</span>—The body depressed and wide—the head triangular, the muzzle rather acute.
+Nostrils prominent and nearly round. Scales of the head very small and numerous; those of
+the temple rhomboidal and imbricated. There are four series of small irregular scales between
+the labial and suborbitar. The sides of the neck are wholly granular; the scales of the body
+very small; those of the upper parts rhomboidal, flat with very low carina, and obtuse at
+the apex—beneath they are also small and rhomboidal; the posterior surface of the thighs is
+granular, but, as in some other species, there is, near the groin, a distinct patch of imbricated
+scales like those of the inferior surface. The tail is broad to some distance from the origin,
+and then tapers to the extremity. The scales of the tail are rather small, short and obtuse.</p>
+
+<p class='c022'>The anterior extremity placed against the sides reaches about two-thirds the distance
+towards the posterior, and the latter reaches forwards to the shoulder.</p>
+
+<p class='c022'>The ground colour of this species is gray, with numerous small black spots, some of which
+are bordered with white. The under parts are white, and in one specimen in Mr. Darwin’s
+collection there are on the belly numerous distinct small black spots. His description of the
+colours is as follows:—“Colours above singularly mottled. The small scales are coloured
+brown, white, yellowish red and blue, all dirty, and the brown forming symmetrical clouds.
+Beneath white, with regular spots of brown on the belly.”</p>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr><th class='c023' colspan='4'>DIMENSIONS.</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'></td>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <th class='c024'>Inches.</th>
+    <th class='c025'>Lines.</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the head</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>8</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the body</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>8</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>&#160;</td>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>of the tail</td>
+ <td class='bbt c026'>3</td>
+ <td class='bbt c010'>0</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c026'>Total length</td>
+    <td class='c026'>5</td>
+    <td class='c010'>6</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of anterior extremity</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>0</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of posterior extremity</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>6</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class='c000'>Found at Bahia Blanca, on the northern confines of Patagonia. The following
+remarks of Mr. Darwin on the habits of this species are very interesting. “In
+its depressed form and general appearance it partakes of some of the characters
+<span class='pageno' id='Page_18'>18</span>of the Geckos. Its habits are singular. It lives on the dry sand of the beach,
+at some distance from the vegetation, and the colour of the body much resembles
+that of the sand. When frightened it depresses its body, stretches out its
+legs, and closing its eyes tries to escape detection. If pursued it buries itself
+with great quickness in the sand; but as its legs are short, it cannot run very
+swiftly.”</p>
+
+<h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Proctotretus pectinatus.</span></h3>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate IX.—Fig. 2.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Capite squamis subæqualibus, rhomboideis, imbricatis, carinatis tecto.</span></i></p>
+
+<div class='lg-container-b c020'>
+  <div class='linegroup'>
+    <div class='group'>
+      <div class='line'><i>Proctotretus pectinatus</i>, Bibr. Hist. Rept. IV. p. 292.</div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c000'>Habitat, Patagonia.</p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Description.</span>—The scales of the head are narrow, closely imbricated, strongly but not acutely
+carinated, and the anterior ones arranged in somewhat of a radiating direction from the muzzle.
+There is but a single series of scales between those of the upper lip and the orbit, and these,
+together with all the scales about the head, partake of the carinated and elongated character
+already described. A single strong triangular scale and two smaller ones are placed on the
+anterior margin of the ear, which is narrow, oval and reniform. The scales of the temples and
+sides of the neck are rhomboidal, acute, carinated and imbricated. There is a longitudinal
+fold on each side of the neck and a transverse one anterior to the shoulder, behind which is a
+deep depression. The scales of the back and side are prominently and acutely carinated, those
+of the central line being rather more prominent than the others; and above this there is on
+each side a marked longitudinal lateral crest extending from beneath the eyes to the base of
+the tail. The scales constituting these crests are very prominent, narrow and acutely carinated.
+The scales of the belly are also imbricated and rhomboidal, but flat; those of the under surface
+of the hands and feet are carinated; and those of the toes have three carinæ. The body is
+somewhat depressed as is the tail at its commencement, becoming more rounded and rather
+abruptly smaller at some distance from its origin. The fore-foot reaches to about two-thirds of
+the distance from the shoulder to the side, and the hinder extremity thus placed extends to the
+shoulder.</p>
+
+<p class='c022'>The colours of this most elegant of all the species of the genus are very beautiful. “This
+is the most beautiful lizard,” says Mr. Darwin, “I have ever seen; the back has three rows of
+regular oblong marks of a rich brown, the other scales symmetrically coloured either ash or
+light brown; many of them of a bright emerald green; beneath pearly, with semilunar spots of
+brilliant orange on the throat.” I find in the specimens I have examined that the pectinated
+lateral crests are white, and the brown oblong marks of the back are bordered with a similar
+colour. There are always three white transverse lines across the head.</p>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr><td class='c023' colspan='4'><span class='pageno' id='Page_19'>19</span></td></tr>
+  <tr><th class='c023' colspan='4'>DIMENSIONS.</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'></td>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <th class='c024'>Inches.</th>
+    <th class='c025'>Lines.</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the head</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>7</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the body</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>7</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>&#160;</td>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>of the tail</td>
+ <td class='bbt c026'>3</td>
+ <td class='bbt c010'>1</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c026'>Total length</td>
+    <td class='c026'>5</td>
+    <td class='c010'>5</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of anterior extremity</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>0</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of posterior extremity</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>5</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class='c000'>This species, as has been observed by M. Bibron, who first described it,
+may be at once distinguished from every other by the character of the scales of
+the head, which, instead of lying flat, with the edges in contact, are all of them
+imbricated and carinated. Another obvious distinguishing character, is the
+narrow line of prominent scales running the whole length of the body on each
+side, forming a sort of <i>pectinated</i> lateral crest, from which circumstance it has
+derived its name.</p>
+
+<p class='c000'>Found by Mr. Darwin, at Bahia Blanca, and Port Desire in Patagonia.</p>
+
+<h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Genus—DIPLOLÆMUS.</span> <i>Bell.</i></h3>
+
+<p class='c037'><i><span lang="la"><span class=normal>Caput</span> breve, latum, subtriangulare. <span class=normal>Aures</span> parvæ, ovatæ, margine lævi. <span class=normal>Nares</span>
+magnæ, rotundæ. <span class=normal>Collum</span> infrà transversè, ad latera longitudinalitèr plicatum.
+<span class=normal>Corpus</span> subdepressum, non cristatum. <span class=normal>Cauda</span> teres, breviuscula, læevis. <span class=normal>Pedes</span>
+breves, robusti. <span class=normal>Squamæ capitis</span> numerosæ, parvæ, rotundatæ, non imbricatæ—<span class=normal>corporis</span>
+atque caudæ suprà minimæ, læves, convexæ, paulò imbricatæ, infrà læves,
+planæ. <span class=normal>Pori femorales</span> et <span class=normal>præ-anales</span> in utroque sexu nulli. <span class=normal>Dentes palatini</span>
+nulli.</span></i></p>
+
+<p class='c000'>The new genus which I have thus defined, resembles very closely, in most of its
+characters, the genus <i>Leiosaurus</i> of Bibron; from which, indeed, it scarcely differs,
+excepting in the absence of palatine teeth, and in the form of the suborbitar
+plates, which in <i>Leiosaurus</i> are all distinct, and of nearly equal size; whereas, in
+the present genus, three of these are united to form one plate, resembling that in
+<i>Proctotretus</i>, and some other <i>Agamidæ</i>. In other respects the genera are very
+closely allied; but the existence or non-existence of palatine teeth, is a character
+of so much importance, that it appeared to me,—and in this opinion I am supported
+by M. Bibron, who examined the specimens with me,—that they should be considered
+as distinct. Both the genera are natives of South America. Of <i>Leiosaurus
+Bellii</i> (Bibr.) the only known specimens were presented to me by Capt. King,
+who obtained them during his survey, from whom also I obtained specimens of
+one of the species of the present genus, <i>D. Bibronii</i>.</p>
+
+<div>
+  <span class='pageno' id='Page_20'>20</span>
+  <h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Diplolæmus Darwinii.</span> <i>Mihi.</i></h3>
+</div>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate X.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Squamis capitis convexis; caudâ, corpore cum capite longiore.</span></i></p>
+
+<p class='c000'>Habitat, Port Desire, Patagonia.</p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Description.</span>—Head short, almost equilaterally triangular, rising obliquely from the muzzle to the
+vertex, then flattened. Nostrils large, round, each placed in front of the suprà-orbital crest,
+and in a line between it and the centre of the muzzle. The ears are small, oval, the margin
+simple, and the membrana tympani superficial. The neck is considerably contracted; it has a
+longitudinal fold on each side formed by the confluence of two others, one of which arises from
+behind the angle of the mouth, and the other from above the ear, which is, as it were, enclosed
+between them; they coalesce a little behind the ear. There is also a distinct transverse fold
+on the throat, very similar to that in <i>Leiosaurus Bellii</i>. The body is moderately thick, somewhat
+depressed, and without the slightest appearance of a longitudinal crest, or any elevation
+along the median line. The tail is somewhat longer than the head and body, nearly round and
+tapering almost evenly from its origin to the apex. The fore legs are short and moderately
+robust, the toes short, nearly equal; the hinder legs moderately long. The former when placed
+against the sides, do not reach the thighs by nearly a third of the distance between the two
+limbs; the latter when directed forwards, just reach the axillæ. The cloacal covering is semilunar,
+turgid, and the margin quite simple.</p>
+
+<p class='c022'>Scales covering the upper surface of the head numerous, rounded, and considerably elevated;
+those between the two suprà-orbital semicircles are in a double series. The occipital
+plate is oval, raised from the margin, hollowed immediately around the centre which is again
+raised like a minute tubercle. Above the labial scales, is a series of equal, rounded, oblong
+scales, and between these and the principal suborbital is a single series of smaller ones. Scales
+of the whole of the upper and lateral parts of the neck and body extremely small, slightly
+elevated, passing at the sides into a flatter and more expanded form. Those of the whole of
+the under parts are quite flat and imbricated. Beneath the anterior parts of the lower jaw, and
+behind the broad mental scales, are a series of flat, hexagonal scales on each side, passing backwards
+and outwards, the front pair large and oblong and the others diminishing by degrees.
+The scales of the throat are very small, those on the fold larger and acutely rhomboidal. The
+scales of the anterior part of the belly are also rhomboidal and those of the posterior portion
+hexagonal or nearly quadrate. The tail is covered by scales disposed in whorls, those on the
+median line beneath being larger than the others. Beneath each toe is a series of transverse
+hexagonal imbricated scales.</p>
+
+<p class='c022'>The colours and markings of this species are very difficult to be described, on account of
+the great irregularity of their disposition. The ground colour of the head is yellow, passing
+into grey on the back part. The anterior part has several small spots of a dark brown colour,
+and there is a larger one on each orbit, another between the eye and the ear, and others on the
+back part of the head extending to the neck. The middle of the back is reddish yellow, on
+each side bluish gray, passing beneath into yellowish white. A series of very irregular transverse
+spots cross the yellow median portion of the back, and there are others on the sides; and these
+two series becoming confluent on the tail, form, with the yellow ground, alternate half rings of
+the two colours. The upper part of the legs has similar bands. The whole of the throat, belly,
+and inferior surface of the limbs and tail are yellowish white. There are numerous small
+blackish spots over these parts which are more distinct and linear on the throat, and becoming
+paler, smaller and round on the belly.</p>
+
+<div class='section'>
+
+<div class='c028'><a id='plate_10'></a><i>Plate 10.</i></div>
+
+</div>
+
+<div  class='figcenter id001'>
+<img src='images/plate_10.jpg' alt='' class='ig001'>
+<div class='ic001'>
+<p><i>From Nature by B Waterhouse Hawkins:<br>  in Lithotint, C Hullmandel’s Patent.</i></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class='lg-container-b c020'>
+  <div class='linegroup'>
+    <div class='group'>
+      <div class='line'><i>Diplolæmus Darwinii. Nat. Size.</i></div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<div class='section'>
+
+<div class='c028'><a id='plate_11'></a><i>Plate 11.</i></div>
+
+</div>
+
+<div  class='figcenter id001'>
+<img src='images/plate_11.jpg' alt='' class='ig001'>
+<div class='ic001'>
+<p><i>E. Waterhouse Hawkins del;</i><br>  <i>Printed by C. Hullmandel.</i></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class='lg-container-b c020'>
+  <div class='linegroup'>
+    <div class='group'>
+      <div class='line'><i>Diplolæmus Bibronii</i> <i>Nat. Size.</i></div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr><td class='c023' colspan='4'><span class='pageno' id='Page_21'>21</span></td></tr>
+  <tr><th class='c023' colspan='4'>DIMENSIONS.</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'></td>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <th class='c024'>Inches.</th>
+    <th class='c025'>Lines.</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the head</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>0</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the body</td>
+    <td class='c026'>2</td>
+    <td class='c010'>2</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>&#160;</td>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>of the tail</td>
+ <td class='bbt c026'>3</td>
+ <td class='bbt c010'>8</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c026'>Total length</td>
+    <td class='c026'>7</td>
+    <td class='c010'>0</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of anterior extremity</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>1</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of posterior extremity</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>6</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class='c000'>Taken at Port Desire, on the coast of Patagonia.</p>
+
+<h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Diplolæmus Bibronii.</span> <i>Mihi.</i></h3>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate XI.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Squamis capitis planis; caudâ corpore cum capite breviore.</span></i></p>
+
+<p class='c000'>Habitat, Port Desire.</p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Description.</span>—Head thick and clumsy, longer than it is broad, muzzle obtuse, suprà-orbital arches
+slightly elevated. Nostrils as in the former species, in size, form, and situation. Ears subtriangular,
+the margin simple. Neck considerably contracted, with a longitudinal fold on
+each side, and a distinct transverse fold on the throat. Body rather broad, slightly depressed,
+perfectly even, without any central crest or elevation. The tail is shorter than the head and
+body, slightly triangular at its base, tapering regularly to its extremity. Limbs of moderate
+length; the toes of each foot longer than in <i>D. Bibronii</i>, and those of the fore-feet more
+unequal, the third being the longest, then the fourth, the second, the fifth, and the first. The
+fore-legs placed against the side reaches to about two-thirds of the distance between the
+shoulder and thigh; the hinder foot placed in the same manner reaches to the axilla.</p>
+
+<p class='c022'>The scales of the head are quite flat, a character in which this species differs remarkably
+from the former, although in their number and arrangement they are very similar. The occipital
+scale is flat and hexagonal. Between the labial scales and the suborbital, there are, in
+addition to the regular series of larger supralabial scales, at least three distinct series of smaller
+ones; whereas in <i>D. Darwinii</i> there is but one.</p>
+
+<p class='c022'>The scales of the temples, the neck, the body, the limbs and the tail, are similar to those
+<span class='pageno' id='Page_22'>22</span>of the former species in general form and arrangement, excepting that they are smaller and
+less elevated. Those beneath the anterior part of the lower jaw are much smaller; but the rest
+on the under parts are similar to the former.</p>
+
+<p class='c022'>The head is of a dull light-brown colour, with a few obscure darker spots. The general
+ground colour of the back is “bluish gray, tinged with rust colour;” there are five transverse
+bands across the back, which are composed principally of numerous, close, small, dark-brown
+spots, on a bluish-gray ground, darker than the intervals, and without any red tinge; and each
+band is marked on the posterior margin with strongly defined semilunar indentations, bordered
+with yellowish-white, or bright yellow. These bands are continued on the tail, where they
+become half-rings.</p>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr><th class='c023' colspan='4'>DIMENSIONS.</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'></td>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <th class='c024'>Inches.</th>
+    <th class='c025'>Lines.</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the head</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>2</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the body</td>
+    <td class='c026'>2</td>
+    <td class='c010'>9</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>&#160;</td>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>of the tail</td>
+ <td class='bbt c026'>3</td>
+ <td class='bbt c010'>5</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c026'>Total length</td>
+    <td class='c026'>7</td>
+    <td class='c010'>6</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of anterior extremity</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>4</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of posterior extremity</td>
+    <td class='c026'>2</td>
+    <td class='c010'>1</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Genus—AMBLYRYNCHUS.</span> <i>Bell.</i><br> <span class='sc'>Amblyrynchus Demarlii.</span> <i>Bibr.</i></h3>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate XII.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Cristâ suprà cervicem elevatiore, suprà dorsum humiliore; tuberculis verticalibus subdepressis,
+occipitalibus conicis; caudâ tereti.</span></i></p>
+
+<div class='lg-container-b c020'>
+  <div class='linegroup'>
+    <div class='group'>
+      <div class='line'><i>Amblyrynchus Demarlii.</i> Bibr. Hist. Rept. IV. p. 197.</div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c000'>This species was first described by Mons. Bibron in the “Histoire des Reptiles,”
+and so fully as not to require any detailed account of its characters here. It has
+not, however, hitherto been figured, and it is thought very desirable to embrace so
+good an opportunity of giving a representation of so interesting an animal. Its
+most important structural peculiarities will be alluded to in the account of the
+next species, which is an aquatic form, whilst the present is strictly terrestrial.
+The toes are long, compared with those of the other, and so unequal as to constitute
+essentially an ambulatory form.</p>
+
+<p class='c000'>By Mr. Darwin’s observations we are now enabled fully to confirm Mons.
+Bibron’s suggestion, that this species was from the Galapagos, and to establish
+the genus as strictly appertaining to that curious and interesting locality.</p>
+
+<div class='section'>
+
+<div class='c028'><a id='plate_12'></a><i>Reptiles. Plate 12.</i></div>
+
+</div>
+
+<div  class='figcenter id001'>
+<img src='images/plate_12.jpg' alt='' class='ig001'>
+<div class='ic001'>
+<p><i>Drawn from Nature on stone by B Waterhouse Hawkins.</i><br>  <i>Printed by C. Hullmandel.</i></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class='lg-container-b c020'>
+  <div class='linegroup'>
+    <div class='group'>
+      <div class='line'><i>Amblyrynchus Demarlii.</i> <i>Nat. Size.</i></div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<div>
+  <span class='pageno' id='Page_23'>23</span>
+  <h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Amblyrynchus cristatus.</span> <i>Bell.</i></h3>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c037'><i><span lang="la">Cristâ suprà humeros humiliore; digitis ferè equalibus subpalmatis; caudâ compressâ.</span></i></p>
+
+<div class='lg-container-b c020'>
+  <div class='linegroup'>
+    <div class='group'>
+      <div class='line'><i>Amblyrynchus Cristatus.</i> Bell, Zool. Journ. 1825, p. 195. Tab. Supp. XII. Bibr. Hist. Rept. IV. p. 204.</div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c000'>I established the genus <i>Amblyrynchus</i> nearly eighteen years ago, from a
+stuffed specimen of the present species, which had been obtained by Mr. Bullock,
+Jun., in Mexico. I had never seen another specimen, until Mr. Darwin brought
+home a young one from the Galapagos, in excellent preservation in spirits, and thus
+established its true habitat, and enabled me to correct those errors in my description
+which arose from drying and bad stuffing. Mons. Bibron also took his description
+from my specimen, and thus necessarily fell into the same mistakes, of
+which the most important are those which relate to the form of the tail, and the
+structure of the feet. Thus the tail is described as “round, excepting towards
+the extremity, where it is flattened at the sides,” whereas it is in fact much compressed
+throughout its whole length; and with regard to the toes no mention is
+made of their being partially united by a web or fold of skin, which is the case
+both on the anterior and posterior feet. These two characters so obviously point
+out a power of swimming, that the aquatic habits of the species might at once
+have been predicated, and it is exceedingly interesting to find, from Mr. Darwin’s
+observations, that such is really the case. We have, therefore, two distinct forms—distinct
+equally in their structure and in their habits—in the two species now
+described; the one, <i>A. Demarlii</i>, being truly terrestrial, with lengthened, unequal,
+and distinctly separated toes and a round tail, and the present species as truly
+amphibious, having short, nearly equal and webbed toes, and a compressed tail.</p>
+
+<p class='c000'>A very interesting account of their habits, &#38;c., is given by Mr. Darwin in his
+delightful Journal of the Voyage of the Beagle, p. 466 to 472, to which the reader
+is referred, and which exactly accords with the peculiarities of their respective
+structure just alluded to.</p>
+
+<p class='c000'>It is remarkable also, that whereas <i>Amblyrynchus cristatus</i> inhabits the coasts
+of all the islands, the other species is found only in the central portion of the
+group.</p>
+
+<div>
+  <span class='pageno' id='Page_24'>24</span>
+  <h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Genus—LEIOCEPHALUS.</span> <i>Gray.</i><br> <span class='sc'>Leiocephalus Grayii.</span></h3>
+</div>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate XIII.—Fig. 1.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Cristâ dorsali elevatâ; caudâ sub-compressâ; squamis ventralibus rhomboideis, lævibus;
+margine anteriore meatus auditorii quadridentato; squamâ occipitali magnâ.</span></i></p>
+
+<p class='c000'>Habitat, Galapagos Archipelago.</p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Description.</span>—Head, viewed from above, forming a nearly equilateral triangle, covered with
+irregular slightly raised scales. Supra-orbital ridge prominent, and covered with a series of
+elongated and imbricated scales. Occipital plate large, pentagonal, notched at its posterior
+margin. The anterior margin of the auditory passage is strongly quadridentate, from the
+existence of four long and rather narrow scales. Scales of the temple obtusely carinated, not
+imbricated; those of the back strongly and acutely carinated and disposed in numerous rows,
+converging backwards towards the dorsal crest. Ventral scales rhomboidal, not carinated.
+Dorsal crest elevated, composed of flat vertical scales, so closely placed as to constitute an
+almost continuous line, extending from the neck to the end of the tail. Tail somewhat compressed
+at the base, becoming nearly round towards the middle. Scales beneath the feet and
+toes carinated.</p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Colour.</span>—The colour of this species is thus stated in Mr. Darwin’s notes:—“Upper part clove
+brown, passing into black brown with black spots. Sides slightly tinted with orange; some of
+the scales of the crest near the head are white; belly nearly white; the whole of the throat
+before the fore legs glossy black. This is the most common variety in the Archipelago. The
+black spots are not unfrequently placed in waved transverse bars, and are sometimes arranged
+longitudinally.”</p>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr><th class='c023' colspan='4'>DIMENSIONS.</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'></td>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <th class='c024'>Inches.</th>
+    <th class='c025'>Lines.</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the head</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>9</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the body</td>
+    <td class='c026'>2</td>
+    <td class='c010'>8</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>&#160;</td>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>of the tail</td>
+ <td class='bbt c026'>5</td>
+ <td class='bbt c010'>8</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c026'>Total length</td>
+    <td class='c026'>9</td>
+    <td class='c010'>5</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class='c000'>Of this species, one of the most beautiful in the whole order of Saurians, Mr.
+Darwin obtained numerous specimens, one only of which is fully adult. In the
+younger individuals the dorsal crest is low and almost inconspicuous. It differs
+very materially from either of the two species previously described, and I have
+dedicated it to Mr. Gray, who first distinguished the genus. Mons. Bibron, unaware
+that Mr. Gray had already constituted the genus under the name <i>Leiocephalus</i>,
+named it <i>Holotropis</i>. I have, however, retained the former name, as having
+the claim of priority.</p>
+
+<div class='section'>
+
+<div class='c028'><a id='plate_13'></a><i>Reptiles. Plate 13.</i></div>
+
+</div>
+
+<div  class='figcenter id001'>
+<img src='images/plate_13.jpg' alt='' class='ig001'>
+<div class='ic001'>
+<p><i>Drawn from Nature on stone by B. Waterhouse Hawkins.</i><br>  <i>Printed by C. Hullmandel.</i></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class='lg-container-b c020'>
+  <div class='linegroup'>
+    <div class='group'>
+      <div class='line'><i>1. Gymnodactylus Gaudichaudii.</i></div>
+      <div class='line'><i>2. Naultinus Grayii.</i></div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c000'><span class='pageno' id='Page_25'>25</span>It constitutes one of the numerous interesting novelties obtained by Mr.
+Darwin in the Galapagos. The specimens, which are of various ages, were taken
+in Chatham Island and in Charles Island.</p>
+
+<h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Genus—CENTRURA.</span> <i>Bell.</i></h3>
+
+<p class='c038'><i><span lang="la"><span class=normal>Caput</span> breve, triangulare. <span class=normal>Aures</span> magnæ, anticè cutis plicâ, haud dentatâ, partìm
+celatæ. <span class=normal>Nares</span> magnæ, rotundæ. <span class=normal>Gulâ</span> transversè subplicata. <span class=normal>Collum</span> atque
+corpus haud cristata; hoc depressum, latum, cute longitudinalitèr plicatâ. <span class=normal>Cauda</span>
+teres, basin versus subdepressa, squamis fortibus spinosis verticillatis. <span class=normal>Squamæ
+capitis</span> numerosæ, parvæ, rotundatæ, non imbricatæ—<span class=normal>corporis</span> minimæ, rotundæ,
+subconvexæ, læves. <span class=normal>Pori femorales</span> et <span class=normal>præ-anales</span> nulli. <span class=normal>Dentes palatini</span>.</span></i></p>
+
+<p class='c000'>The propinquity of this genus both to <i>Oplura</i> and to <i>Doryphorus</i> is very
+obvious. It differs, however, from both in several structural characters. From
+the former in the absence of denticulations on the anterior margin of the ear, and
+of a nuchal crest; from the latter in the presence of palatine teeth. Its place is
+probably between these two genera.</p>
+
+<h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Centrura Flagellifer.</span> <i>Mihi.</i></h3>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate XIII.—Fig. 2.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Description.</span>—Head almost equilaterally triangular, the muzzle rounded; scales of the head small,
+nearly equal, rounded, not imbricated, those of the temples subconical; nostrils round, large,
+confined to the nasal scales. Ears rather large, the tympanum lying beneath the surface, and
+partly concealed by an anterior fold of skin, which is not denticulated, as in <i>Oplura</i>. Skin of
+the neck folded at the sides, that of the body flaccid, and with strongly marked lateral folds,
+extending from the shoulder to the thigh. Scales of the neck and back very small, round,
+slightly convex, very smooth. Skin of the throat rugose, with a transverse pectoral fold not
+very strongly marked. Scales of the throat similar to those of the back; those of the belly
+broader and less convex; all perfectly smooth. Tail about the length of the head and body,
+flattened at the base, then round, surrounded with strong spinous verticillated scales, of which
+there are about fifty circles; beneath smooth. Legs of moderate length, strong, covered with
+small conical, imbricated scales. The toes compressed towards the extremity, and terminated
+with a strong, short, compressed nail.</p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Colour.</span>—The colour can only be partially described, as the specimen has been long in spirits. It
+<span class='pageno' id='Page_26'>26</span>is of a dark brown colour above, with darker, obscure markings on the body. About the head
+are traces of green. The tail and limbs are rich brown, and the under parts dull, pale
+fuscous.</p>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr><th class='c023' colspan='4'>DIMENSIONS.</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'></td>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <th class='c024'>Inches.</th>
+    <th class='c025'>Lines.</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the head</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>8</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the neck</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>4</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the body</td>
+    <td class='c026'>2</td>
+    <td class='c010'>5</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>&#160;</td>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>of the tail</td>
+ <td class='bbt c026'>3</td>
+ <td class='bbt c010'>7</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c026'>Total length</td>
+    <td class='c026'>7</td>
+    <td class='c010'>4</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of anterior extremity</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>4</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of posterior extremity</td>
+    <td class='c026'>2</td>
+    <td class='c010'>0</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Familia—GECKOTIDÆ.</span> <i>Gray.</i><br> <span class='sc'>Geckotiens ou Ascalabotes.</span> <i>Bibr.</i><br> <span class='sc'>Genus—Gymnodactylus.</span> <i>Spix.</i><br> <span class='sc'>Gymnodactylus Gaudichaudii.</span> <i>Bibr.</i></h3>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate XIV.—Fig. 1.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Squamâ mentali impari pentagonâ, scutiformi; squamarum labialium inferiorum
+paribus quinque, superiorum paribus sex; caudâ medio crassiore.</span></i></p>
+
+<div class='lg-container-b c020'>
+  <div class='linegroup'>
+    <div class='group'>
+      <div class='line'><i>Gymnodactylus Gaudichaudii.</i> Bibr. Rept. III. p. 413.</div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c000'>This species was first brought from Coquimbo by Gaudichaud, after whom it
+was named by Mons. Bibron, who described it in his work; but as one specimen
+alone exists in the French National Collection, and as the species has never
+been figured, it is thought desirable that a figure should be given in the
+present work. The characters above given sufficiently distinguish it from all
+other species; but for a detailed description, the reader is referred to the “Histoire
+des Reptiles” above quoted.</p>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr><th class='c023' colspan='4'>DIMENSIONS.</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'></td>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <th class='c024'>Inches.</th>
+    <th class='c025'>Lines.</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the head</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>5</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the body</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>4</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>&#160;</td>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>of the tail</td>
+ <td class='bbt c026'>2</td>
+ <td class='bbt c010'>3</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c026'>Total length</td>
+    <td class='c026'>4</td>
+    <td class='c010'>2</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<div class='section'>
+
+<div class='c028'><a id='plate_14'></a><i>Reptiles Plate 14.</i></div>
+
+</div>
+
+<div  class='figcenter id001'>
+<img src='images/plate_14.jpg' alt='' class='ig001'>
+<div class='ic001'>
+<p><i>Drawn from Nature on stone by B. Waterhouse Hawkins.</i><br>  <i>Printed by C. Hullmandel.</i></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<div class='lg-container-b c020'>
+  <div class='linegroup'>
+    <div class='group'>
+      <div class='line'><i>1. Leiocephalus Grayii.</i></div>
+      <div class='line'><i>2. Centrura flagellifer.</i></div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c000'><span class='pageno' id='Page_27'>27</span>The specimens brought home by Mr. Darwin were from Port Desire, in
+Patagonia, and the following observations occur in his MS. notes:—“Centre of
+the back yellowish brown, sometimes with a strong tinge of dark green; sides
+clouded with blackish brown; in very great numbers under stones; makes a
+grating noise when taken hold of; after death loses its darker colours.</p>
+
+<p class='c000'>“A specimen being kept for some days in a tin box, changed colour into an
+uniform grey, without the black cloudings. I thought I noticed some change
+after catching and bringing home these animals, but could observe no instantaneous
+change.”</p>
+
+<p class='c000'>I have considered these specimens as belonging to the species to which I
+have assigned them, because they exactly agree with Mons. Bibron’s description.
+It is, however, very possible that an opportunity of comparing them with those
+obtained by Gaudichaud, would show them to be distinct, as it rarely happens
+that the same species of reptile is found on the opposite sides of the American
+Continent.</p>
+
+<h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Genus—NAULTINUS.</span> <i>Gray.</i><br> <span class='sc'>Naultinus Grayii.</span></h3>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate XIV.—Fig. 2.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Omninò viridis; fronte subconcavo; squamulis capitis planis.</span></i></p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Description</span>.—Head thick, swollen across the posterior part, concave between the eyes, and forwards
+nearly to the snout, which is rounded. Scales of the head larger towards the fore part,
+nearly flat. Eyes round, large; ears longitudinally oval. Body covered with small nearly equal
+scales. Tail round, one-fifth longer than the body. Limbs short, the anterior, when placed
+against the side, reaching but little more than half way to the thigh; the posterior reaching
+about two-thirds the distance towards the shoulder. Toes short; on the anterior foot the
+first is the shortest, then the second, the fifth, and the fourth; on the posterior increasing in
+the same series; all compressed towards the extremity, and all furnished with small curved
+close claws.</p>
+
+<p class='c022'>The colour is a fine green.</p>
+
+<p class='c000'>It was taken at the Bay of Islands, New Zealand. It lives on trees, and is
+said to make a laughing noise.</p>
+
+<p class='c000'>This species greatly resembles <i>Naultinus Elegans</i><a id='r3'></a><a href='#f3' class='c031'><sup>[3]</sup></a> of Mr. Gray, of which a
+beautiful specimen is in the British Museum. Upon a comparison of the two,
+<span class='pageno' id='Page_28'>28</span>however, I find that they differ in the following particulars. In the present
+species the head is concave between the eyes, and forwards nearly to the snout;
+in the other, this part is quite plain; the scales of the head in this species are
+flat; in the other they are convex. The colour of this species is uniformly green,
+whereas <i>N. Elegans</i> has several markings of a yellow colour, each distinctly
+bordered with black.</p>
+
+<div class='footnote' id='f3'>
+<p class='c000'><span class='label'><a href='#r3'>3</a>.&#160;&#160;</span>See Fauna of New Zealand, p. 203. Zool. Misc. p. 72.</p>
+</div>
+
+<h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Familia—LACERTIDÆ.</span><br> <span class='sc'>Genus—Ameiva.</span> <i>Cuvier.</i><br> <span class='sc'>Ameiva longicauda.</span> <i>Mihi.</i></h3>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate XV.—Fig. 1.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Squamis suprà-humeralibus, rhomboideis, imbricatis; subfemoralibus transversim hexagonis;
+abdominalibus in seriebus decem longitudinalibus dispositis; caudâ, corpore
+cum capite plus quam duplò longiore, squamis medio carinatis, et ad margine subcarinatis.</span></i></p>
+
+<p class='c000'>Habitat, Bahia Blanca, Northern Patagonia.</p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Description.</span>—Head very narrow, much elongated and pointed, the vertex flattened; nostrils rather
+large, open, round, directed laterally, and placed in the centre of the naso-rostral plate; superciliary
+plates three in number, the central one the largest; suprahumeral scales rhomboidal,
+imbricated, not broader than long, in four series; those of the arm transversely hexagonal; the
+anterior surface of the thigh, and the inferior of the leg, covered with large hexagonal, somewhat
+imbricated, scales; caudal scales above quadrate, longer than broad, with a strong medial
+carina, and the lateral margins slightly raised; beneath smooth; tail very long. Anterior extremity
+placed against the body, reaching rather more than half way to the thigh; posterior
+extremity extending forwards nearly to the ear.</p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Colour.</span>—The upper surface of this beautiful species is dark brown or blackish, with nine distinct
+white or yellowish longitudinal fasciæ extending through the whole length of the neck and
+body; tail with four of these lines. Under parts white.</p>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr><th class='c023' colspan='4'>DIMENSIONS.</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'></td>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <th class='c024'>Inches.</th>
+    <th class='c025'>Lines.</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the head</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>6</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the neck</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>3</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the body</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>4</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>&#160;</td>
+ <td class='bbt c009'>of the tail</td>
+ <td class='bbt c026'>5</td>
+ <td class='bbt c010'>2</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c026'>Total length</td>
+    <td class='c026'>7</td>
+    <td class='c010'>5</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of anterior extremity</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>7</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of posterior extremity</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>5</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<div class='section'>
+
+<div class='c028'><a id='plate_15'></a><i>Reptiles. Plate 15.</i></div>
+
+</div>
+
+<div  class='figcenter id001'>
+<img src='images/plate_15.jpg' alt='' class='ig001'>
+<div class='ic001'>
+<p><i>Drawn from Nature on stone by B. Waterhouse Hawkins.<br>  C. Hullmandel Imp.</i></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c013'><i>1.</i></td>
+    <td class='c013'><i>Ameiva longicauda.</i></td>
+    <td class='c029 bbt' rowspan='3'><i>Nat. Size.</i></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c013'><i>2. 2a. 2b.</i></td>
+    <td class='c013'><i>Gerrhosaurus sepiformis.</i></td>
+    
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c013'><i>3.</i></td>
+    <td class='c013'><i>Cyclodus Casuarinæ.</i></td>
+    
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class='c000'><span class='pageno' id='Page_29'>29</span>Found at Bahia Blanca by Mr. Darwin. The specimens are probably all of
+them very young; hence the longitudinal lines can scarcely be considered as permanent,
+as most species of the genus are beautifully lineated in the young state.
+The length of the tail, with its carinated scales, the general elegance of the form,
+the gracile form of the head, and the neat and distinct arrangement of the colours,
+render this one of the most beautiful species of this elegant genus.</p>
+
+<p class='c000'>The description of the colours given above, being from specimens which have
+been long in spirits, it is necessary to state that Mr. Darwin has the following
+notice respecting one of them—“On the sides two dark red streaks; tail red.”</p>
+
+<h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Familia—ZONURIDÆ.</span><br> <span class='sc'>Genus—Gerrhosaurus.</span> <span class='sc'>Weigmann.</span><br> <span class='sc'>Gerrhosaurus sepiformis.</span> <i>Bibr.</i></h3>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate XV.—Fig. 2.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<div class='lg-container-b c020'>
+  <div class='linegroup'>
+    <div class='group'>
+      <div class='line'><span class='sc'>Scincus sepiformis</span>, Schneid. Hist. Amph. II. p. 191. Merr. Syst. Amph. p. 70. n. 1.</div>
+    </div>
+    <div class='group'>
+      <div class='line'><span class='sc'>Gerrhosaurus sepiformis</span>, Bibr. Hist. des Rept. V. p. 384.</div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Corpore cum caudâ longo, serpentiformi; pedibus parvis; squamarum submaxillarum pari secundo contiguis; squamis dorsalibus magnis, subrectangularibus, striatis, in
+seriebus tredecem, et ventralibus in seriebus octo dispositis.</span></i></p>
+
+<p class='c000'>Habitat, Cape of Good Hope.</p>
+
+<p class='c000'>After a careful examination of the data from which the different synonyms of
+this species, and of <i>Gerrhosaurus flavigularis</i>, Bibr., have been derived, I am inclined
+to agree with this author, that the present is the true <i>Scincus sepiformis</i> of
+Schneider, and of Merrem, and not <i>Scincus flavigularis</i> as supposed by Wagler,
+Weigmann, and Gray. It is very fully described by Bibron in the “Histoire
+Naturelle des Reptiles,” but it has not hitherto been figured. There is no notice
+of it in Mr. Darwin’s notes, further than its having been obtained at the Cape of
+Good Hope.</p>
+
+<div>
+  <span class='pageno' id='Page_30'>30</span>
+  <h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Familia—SCINCIDÆ.</span><br> <span class='sc'>Genus—Cyclodus.</span> <i>Wagler.</i><br> <span class='sc'>Cyclodus Casuarinæ.</span> <i>Bibr.</i></h3>
+</div>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate XV.—Fig. 3.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Aurium margine anteriore simplici; squamis corporis, in seriebus <span class='fss'>XXIV</span>
+dispositis.</span></i></p>
+
+<div class='lg-container-b c020'>
+  <div class='linegroup'>
+    <div class='group'>
+      <div class='line'>“<i>Kèneux de la casuarina</i>, Cocteau, Tab. Synopt.” (<i>v.</i> Bibr. Hist. Nat. des Rept. V. p. 749.)</div>
+      <div class='line'><i>Cyclodus casuarinæ</i>, Bibr. l. c.</div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c000'>As I have not the work of the lamented Dr. Cocteau by me, I quote the above
+reference from M. Bibron’s work, in which this species is fully described. It
+differs from the other species of this curious genus in many minute characters of
+the scaling of the head, but the most tangible and obvious distinctive character
+consists in the number of series of scales, which does not exceed twenty-four, all
+around the body, whilst in the others, they amount to thirty-four or thirty-eight.
+It would appear that it is liable to some considerable diversity in colour and
+markings. That which M. Bibron describes, has “the head of a yellowish grey,
+the whole of the upper part of the body olive grey, and the inferior part whitish
+grey.” The specimen in the collection of the Zoological Society has the whole
+upper part of a brownish grey, with twelve black lines extending from the neck
+along the back and tail, corresponding with the sutures of the longitudinal series
+of scales. The under surface of the tail is marked by about thirty transverse, interrupted,
+black bands. The following is the description given by Mr. Darwin
+from his specimen when taken,—“Scales on the centre of the back light greenish
+brown, edged on their sides with black; scales on the sides of the body above
+greyer and with less black, below reddish: belly yellow, with numerous narrow,
+irregular, waving, transverse lines of black, which are formed by the lower margin
+of some of the scales being black; head above grey, beneath whitish.” Mr.
+Darwin adds, that the motion of the body, when crawling, resembles that of a
+snake. It is not very active. Coleoptera and larvæ were found in its stomach.
+“It is common in the open woods near Hobart Town in Van Diemen’s Land.”</p>
+
+<div class='section'>
+
+<div class='c028'><a id='plate_16'></a><i>Reptiles. Plate 16.</i></div>
+
+</div>
+
+<div  class='figcenter id001'>
+<img src='images/plate_16.jpg' alt='' class='ig001'>
+<div class='ic001'>
+<p><i>Drawn from Nature on stone by B. Waterhouse Hawkins.</i><br>  <i>C. Hullmandel Imp.</i></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<table class='table3'>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c033'><i>1.</i></td>
+    <td class='c033'><i>Rana Delalandii.</i></td>
+ <td class='blt c012 bbt' rowspan='4'><i>Nat. Size.</i></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c033'><i>2.</i></td>
+    <td class='c033'><i>Rana Mascariensis.</i></td>
+ 
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c033'><i>3. 3a.</i></td>
+    <td class='c033'><i>Limnocharis fuscus.</i></td>
+ 
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c033'><i>4.</i></td>
+    <td class='c033'><i>Cystignathus Georgianus.</i></td>
+ 
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<div>
+  <span class='pageno' id='Page_31'>31</span>
+  <h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Classis—AMPHIBIA.</span><br> <span class='sc'>Ordo—ANOURA.</span><br> <span class='sc'>Familia—RANIDÆ.</span><br> <span class='sc'>Genus Rana.</span><br> <span class='sc'>Rana Delalandii.</span> <i>Bibr.</i></h3>
+</div>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate XVI.—Fig. 1.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Dentibus palatinis in serie transversâ, medio interruptâ, dispositis; membris posterioribus corpore cum capite duplò longioribus; pedibus posticis gracillimis, semipalmatis.</span></i></p>
+
+<div class='lg-container-b c020'>
+  <div class='linegroup'>
+    <div class='group'>
+      <div class='line'><i>Rana Delalandii</i>, Bibr. Hist. Rept. VIII. p. 388.</div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Description.</span>—Head elongate, depressed. Eyes large, not prominent. Tympanum nearly round. Palatine teeth in two simple series, commencing at the inner side of the anterior margin of the
+posterior nares, and extending towards each other in a transverse direction, leaving between
+them a space of about half the length of each. Tongue not quite as long as it is broad. Body
+somewhat depressed, and with the head forming an almost uninterrupted ellipse. Skin of the
+back, with several small longitudinal folds. Anterior legs, when placed against the sides,
+reaching to the thigh. Fingers very slender, and of nearly equal length. Posterior limbs
+fully twice as long as the head and body. Toes extremely long and slender, and connected
+by a membrane by about half their length.</p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Colour.</span>—The general colour of the upper parts is a rich brown, with darker brown and white
+markings. A white median fascia extends the whole length of the head and body; another
+fascia of the same colour and of very irregular figure on each side, passes backwards and
+downwards from above the shoulders, and loses itself in the pale colour of the abdomen.
+There are several smaller white lines and spots, and others of a dark rich brown, particularly a
+large mark of the latter colour behind the eye, including the tympanum. The thighs and
+legs are elegantly banded with similar colours. The under side is whitish.</p>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr><th class='c023' colspan='4'>DIMENSIONS.</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'></td>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <th class='c024'>Inches.</th>
+    <th class='c025'>Lines.</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the head and body</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>8</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of anterior extremities</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>1</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of posterior ditto</td>
+    <td class='c026'>3</td>
+    <td class='c010'>7</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class='c000'>This species was first discovered at the Cape of Good Hope by M. Delalande,
+and named after him by Mons. Bibron. Mr. Darwin found it in the same locality.
+It is now figured for the first time.</p>
+
+<div>
+  <span class='pageno' id='Page_32'>32</span>
+  <h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Rana Mascariensis.</span></h3>
+</div>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate XVI.—Fig. 2.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Dentibus palatinis in fasciculis binis obliquis distantibus, ad marginem interiorem
+narium posteriorum attingentibus; tympano circulari, mediocri; digitis posticis
+usque ad phalanges penultimas connexis: plantis tuberculo unico; cute dorsi lævi,
+longitudinalitèr plicatâ; suprà fusco-rufescens,fasciâ longitudinali pallidâ.</span></i></p>
+
+<div class='lg-container-b c020'>
+  <div class='linegroup'>
+    <div class='group'>
+      <div class='line'><i>Rana Mascariensis</i>, Bibr. Hist. Rept. VIII. p. 315.</div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c000'>Habitat, the Mauritius.</p>
+
+<p class='c000'>This pretty species of the typical genus of the family was described by
+Bibron, but has not hitherto been figured. It was found in Mauritius, on swamps
+near the sea, by Mr. Darwin, who remarks on the extraordinary height of its
+leaps. It has also been found in the Seychelles, Madagascar, and the Island of
+Bourbon.</p>
+
+<h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Genus—LIMNOCHARIS.</span> <i>Bell.</i></h3>
+
+<p class='c037'><i><span lang="la"><span class=normal>Lingua</span> ovalis, integrâ, margine posteriore libero. <span class=normal>Dentes palatini</span> utrinque in fasciculis
+duobus dispositis, quorum alter ad marginem anteriorem narium interiorum,
+alter pone nares interiores, prope arcum maxillarem. <span class=normal>Nasus</span> terminalis, truncatus,
+ultra labium productus. <span class=normal>Tympanum</span> conspicuum, circulare. <span class=normal>Cutis</span> omninò lævis.
+<span class=normal>Digiti anteriores</span> liberi, <span class=normal>posteriores</span> ad basin tantùm palmati.</span></i></p>
+
+<p class='c000'>The genus <i>Limnocharis</i> is remarkable for the existence of palatine teeth in a
+part of the mouth in which they have never been observed in any other amphibian.
+Not only is there a small group or line of these contiguous with the anterior margin
+of the posterior nares,—a situation in which they are found in some other genera
+of <i>Ranidæ</i>, but there is also a group of them placed at some distance behind the
+posterior margin of these openings, and close within the rise of the maxillary
+arch. This genus, of which one species only is at present known, will probably
+be most naturally placed between the true <i>Ranæ</i> and certain of the <i>Cystignathi</i>.</p>
+
+<div>
+  <span class='pageno' id='Page_33'>33</span>
+  <h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Limnocharis fuscus.</span> <i>Mihi.</i></h3>
+</div>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate XVI.—Fig. 3.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c000'>Habitat, Rio Janeiro.</p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Description.</span>—Head semi-oval, depressed, as broad as it is long. The muzzle truncated, extending
+beyond the lips, which it overhangs. Tongue oval, entire, free at the posterior margin. Palatine
+teeth in two parcels on each side; one consisting of very few at the anterior and inner
+margin of the posterior nares, the other behind those openings, in the angle formed by the
+maxillary arch and the orbits. Posterior nares large and oval. Tympanum conspicuous,
+nearly circular. Skin every where perfectly smooth, without glands or pores. Anterior legs
+of moderate length and size. The fore-arm rather longer than the upper arm. Fingers of
+moderate length, wholly detached. Hinder legs little more than one-third longer than body.
+The toes separate, excepting a slight rudiment of a connecting membrane at their base, which
+extends, though very narrow, along their sides, the extremity very slightly notched.</p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Colour</span> of the upper part rich dark brown. The thighs lighter, obscurely banded with dark
+brown. Under parts pale blueish grey. The throat dotted with brown.</p>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr><th class='c023' colspan='4'>DIMENSIONS.</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'></td>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <th class='c024'>Inches.</th>
+    <th class='c025'>Lines.</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the head and body</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>4</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the anterior extremities</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>7</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the posterior extremities</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>8</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class='c000'>Found in brooks at Rio Janeiro by Mr. Darwin, who states that it is infested
+with acari; and I observe, in the specimen under examination, several marks in
+the skin, from whence these have been taken.</p>
+
+<h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Genus—CYSTIGNATHUS.</span> <i>Wagler.</i><br> <span class='sc'>Cystignathus Georgianus.</span> <i>Bibr.</i></h3>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate XVI.—Fig. 4.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Dentibus palatinis perpaucis, in fasciculis binis approximatis, pone nares posteriores;
+lingua integrâ, oblongâ; tympano celato; pedibus posterioribus non palmatis.</span></i></p>
+
+<div class='lg-container-b c020'>
+  <div class='linegroup'>
+    <div class='group'>
+      <div class='line'><i>Crinia Georgiana</i>, Tschudi Class. Batrach.</div>
+      <div class='line'><i>Cystignathus Georgianus</i>, Bibr. Rept. VIII. p. 416.</div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c000'>This species, which formed the type of Tschudi’s genus <i>Crinia</i>, was separated
+by him from <i>Cystignathus</i> on account of the form of the tongue, the nonappearance
+<span class='pageno' id='Page_34'>34</span>of the tympanum, the paucity of palatine teeth, and the total absence
+of an interdigital membrane on the hinder feet. These characters being either
+merely comparative or unimportant, were not considered by Bibron as sufficient
+to warrant a generic separation, and I have followed him in retaining the species
+amongst the <i>Cystignathi</i>. It was first discovered by Messrs. Quoy and Gaimard
+at King George’s Sound, in Australia, where it was also obtained by Mr. Darwin.
+It is a beautiful species; the back being of a rich brown colour, with a pale
+orange fascia extending along the sides from the eye to the thigh, becoming
+bright orange on the flanks. Thighs and legs banded with rich deep brown and
+bright orange.</p>
+
+<h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Genus—BORBOROCŒTES.</span> <i>Bell.</i></h3>
+
+<p class='c037'><i><span lang="la"><span class=normal>Lingua</span> ovata, posticè libera, rotundata; anticè subacuminata. <span class=normal>Dentes palatini</span> in
+fasciculis binis plùs minùsve obliquis, pone nares posteriores positi. <span class=normal>Tympanum</span>
+celatum. <span class=normal>Digiti anteriores</span> haud palmati; <span class=normal>posteriores</span> ad basin tantùm cute connexi.
+<span class=normal>Glandulæ cutaneæ</span> nullæ. <span class=normal>Sacculi vocales</span> (maris) utrinque sub lingua
+nascentes.</span></i></p>
+
+<p class='c000'>The two species on which I have founded this genus approach so nearly to
+some species of <i>Cystignathus</i>, that it is not without hesitation that I determine on
+considering them as typical of a new generic form. The principal characters on
+which I have founded the distinction are the position of the palatine teeth, the
+form of the tongue, the concealment of the tympanum, the absence of glands and
+pores on the skin, and the connexion of the base of the hinder toes by a rudimentary
+palmar membrane. It is true that some of the species of <i>Cystignathus</i>,
+as that genus is at present constituted, agree with the present form in some or
+other of these particulars; but upon the whole they are sufficiently distinct; and
+in fact the genus <i>Cystignathus</i>, as left by M. Bibron, appears to me to stand in
+need of revision and dismemberment. The species constituting the genus now
+proposed, are however both new. The genus <i>Borborocœtes</i> will probably stand, in
+its natural affinities, between <i>Cystignathus</i> and <i>Cycloramphus</i>, from the latter of
+which it differs in the situation of the palatine teeth, in the degree to which the
+hinder feet are webbed, and the comparative length of the hinder legs. The
+two latter characters are of importance as indicating a difference of habit; and
+we find that <i>Cycloramphus</i> has proportionally short hinder limbs, with the toes
+extensively palmate, whilst in <i>Borborocœtes</i> the hinder legs are much longer, and
+the toes scarcely at all webbed. The former structure indicates a greater power
+of swimming, and the latter of leaping.</p>
+<div class='section'>
+
+<div class='c028'><a id='plate_17'></a><i>Reptiles. Plate 17.</i></div>
+
+</div>
+
+<div  class='figcenter id001'>
+<img src='images/plate_17.jpg' alt='' class='ig001'>
+<div class='ic001'>
+<p><i>Drawn from Nature on stone by B. Waterhouse Hawkins.</i><br>  <i>Printed by C. Hullmandel.</i></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c013'><i>1.</i></td>
+    <td class='c013'><i>Borborocœtes</i></td>
+    <td class='c013'><i>Bibronii.</i></td>
+    <td class='c029 bbt' rowspan='5'><i>1a. Mag. View of Tongue &#38; Gullet.</i><br><br><i>Nat. Size.</i></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c013'><i>2.</i></td>
+    <td class='c013'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c013'><i>Grayii.</i></td>
+    
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c013'><i>3.</i></td>
+    <td class='c013'><i>Pleurodema</i></td>
+    <td class='c013'><i>Darwinii.</i></td>
+    
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c013'><i>4.</i></td>
+    <td class='c013'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c013'><i>elegans.</i></td>
+    
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c013'><i>5.</i></td>
+    <td class='c013'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c013'><i>bufoninum.</i></td>
+    
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<div>
+  <span class='pageno' id='Page_35'>35</span>
+  <h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Borborocœtes Bibronii.</span> <i>Mihi.</i></h3>
+</div>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate XVII. Fig. 1.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Dentibus palatinis in fasciculis distantibus obliquis pone nares posteriores positis;
+palmis bituberculatis.</span></i></p>
+
+<p class='c000'>Habitat, Chiloe and Valdivia.</p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Description.</span>—Head depressed, the vertex slightly concave between the orbits; front (space included
+between two lines drawn from the anterior corner of the orbits to the point of the
+nose) triangular and distinct. Nostrils lateral. Eyes rather prominent. Tongue broad,
+ovate, acuminated in front, behind entire and rounded, the posterior half and the sides detached.
+Palatine teeth in two oval parcels, direct obliquely backwards and inwards, and
+situated at some distance behind the line of the posterior margin of the nares. Tympanum
+concealed. Body rather depressed and short. Skin smooth and without pores or glands,
+excepting on the posterior and inferior surface of the thighs, where there are some small
+granular elevations. Pore legs two-thirds the length of the head and body. The fore-arm
+rather larger than the upper arm. The fingers entirely separated, the third considerably the
+longest. A small tubercle under each joint, and two on the palm near the wrist. Length of
+the hinder legs to that of the head and body as 5 to 3, or rather more. Toes connected only at
+their base. A small tubercle under each joint, and a very depressed one at the base of the
+inner toe.</p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Colour</span> of the upper parts fuscous, with a lateral fascia extending from the orbit nearly to the
+thigh, of a dark-brown colour, bordered with whitish; and another of an elongated triangular
+form on each ilium. Legs with transverse incomplete faciæ of the same colour. Under
+parts grey, with numerous brown dots.</p>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr><th class='c023' colspan='4'>DIMENSIONS.</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'></td>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <th class='c024'>Inches.</th>
+    <th class='c025'>Lines.</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the body and head</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>5</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the anterior extremities</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>0</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the posterior extremities</td>
+    <td class='c026'>2</td>
+    <td class='c010'>6</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class='c000'>Taken at Valdivia and at Chiloe, in a thick forest, by Mr. Darwin.</p>
+
+<div>
+  <span class='pageno' id='Page_36'>36</span>
+  <h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Borborocœtes Grayii.</span> <i>Mihi.</i></h3>
+</div>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate XVII.—Fig. 2.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Dentibus palatinis in fasciculis subcontiguis paulò obliquis, pone nares posteriores
+positis; palmis non tuberculatis.</span></i></p>
+
+<p class='c000'>Habitat, Valdivia.</p>
+
+<p class='c000'>This species considerably resembles the former in most of its characters.
+The palatine teeth, however, form at once a certain and tangible distinction and
+there are some minor points in which they differ, sufficient at a glance to determine
+them. The head in the present animal is broader than it is long; in the
+former the breadth is only equal to its length. The palms are in this species
+without conspicuous tubercles; in the other there are two, although very small.</p>
+
+<p class='c000'>In colour it differs much from the former. The general colour is a rich
+fuscous brown, rather paler beneath; the flanks, the throat and belly, and the
+whole of the thighs and legs, with various white markings, those of the throat
+and belly being the smallest. This species was found in the forest, in Valdivia.</p>
+
+<h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Genus—PLEURODEMA.</span> <i>Tschudi.</i></h3>
+
+<p class='c039'>I have thought it right to follow Tschudi in separating from the genus
+<i>Cystignathus</i> of Wagler, such species as have large and conspicuous lumbar
+glands, particularly as they all agree in possessing a much more bufonine aspect
+than the others. The discovery of three new species, all agreeing in these
+characters with <i>Pleurodema Bibronii</i> of Tschudi, increases the importance of the
+grounds upon which this separation is made.</p>
+
+<h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Pleurodema Darwinii.</span> <i>Mihi.</i></h3>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate XVII.—Fig. 3.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Dentibus palatinis paucis, minimis; lingua subcordatâ, vix emarginatâ; glandulis
+lumborum magnis, rotundis, convexis; digitis posticis ad basin tantùm membranâ
+connexis; dorso sparsìm tuberculato-glanduloso; suprà pallidè virescens, maculis
+fusco-olivaceis.</span></i></p>
+
+<p class='c000'>Habitat, Maldonado.</p>
+
+<div class='section'>
+
+<div class='c028'><a id='plate_18'></a><i>Reptiles. Plate 18.</i></div>
+
+</div>
+
+<div  class='figcenter id001'>
+<img src='images/plate_18.jpg' alt='' class='ig001'>
+<div class='ic001'>
+<p><i>Drawn from Nature on Stone by B. Waterhouse Hawkins.</i><br>  <i>C. Hullmandel Imp.</i></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c013'><i>1. 1a.</i></td>
+    <td class='c014'><i>Leiuperus salarius.</i></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c013'><i>2. 2a. 2b. 2c.</i></td>
+    <td class='c014'><i>Pyxicephalus Americanus.</i></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c013'><i>3. 3a. 3b.</i></td>
+    <td class='c014'><i>Alsodes Monticola.</i></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c013'><i>4. 4a.</i></td>
+    <td class='c014'><i>Litoria glandulosa.</i></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c013'><i>5. 5a. 5b.</i></td>
+    <td class='c014'><i>Batrachyla leptopus.</i></td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='pageno' id='Page_37'>37</span><span class='sc'>Description.</span>—Head triangular, rather broader than long. Muzzle rounded. Eyes slightly prominent.
+Tongue somewhat heart-shaped, scarcely emarginated behind. Palatine teeth very
+few, and with difficulty perceptible, placed in two small groups between the posterior nares.
+Body thick and broad, with numerous glandular tubercles scattered over the surface, principally
+on the anterior parts, and assuming somewhat of a longitudinal arrangement. Lumbar
+glands large, round, and prominent. Legs robust and short. Toes of the fore feet wholly
+separate, with a small tubercle under each joint, and two larger ones at the hinder part of the
+palm. Hinder toes, with a rudimentary membrane at the base, a small tubercle under each
+joint; the first and second toes very short. A conical tubercle at the inner, and another at
+the outer side of the metatarsus.</p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Colour.</span>—The upper surface is beautifully marbled with dark olive or black, on a light-green
+ground; some of the markings assume somewhat of an ocellated form, and approach to a
+symmetrical arrangement. The lumbar glands are more strongly coloured than the other
+parts, the centre being black, and nearly surrounded by a bright line of very light green, or
+nearly white. The thighs are numerously banded with the prevailing colours, and a tinge of
+orange or red. Beneath pale; in some specimens blackish under the chin.</p>
+
+<p class='c000'>The aspect of this species is remarkably bufonine; and this character is increased
+by the numerous glandular tubercles on the surface of the body, and
+pores about the parotid region. It is, doubtless, similar in its habits to many of
+the toads.</p>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr><th class='c023' colspan='4'>DIMENSIONS.</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'></td>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <th class='c024'>Inches.</th>
+    <th class='c025'>Lines.</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the head and body</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>4</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the anterior extremities</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>8</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the posterior extremities</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>7</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class='c000'>It was repeatedly found by Mr. Darwin at Maldonado, near the mouth of
+the river La Plata.</p>
+
+<h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Pleurodema elegans.</span> <i>Mihi.</i></h3>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate XVII.—Fig. 4.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Dentibus palatinis prominentibus, in fasciculis binis ovatis obliquis dispositis;
+lingua rotunda integrâ; glandulis lumborum ovalibus, valdè convexis; digitis
+posticis haud palmatis; dorso tuberculato-glanduloso, fusco, nigro obscurè maculato,
+fasciâ longitudinali pallidâ.</span></i></p>
+
+<p class='c000'>Habitat, Valparaiso, Valdivia, and Archipelago of Chiloe.</p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Description.</span>—Head semi-elliptic, as broad as long. Muzzle rounded. Eyes very slightly prominent.
+Tongue large, round, entire, very thick. Palatine teeth prominent, disposed in two
+<span class='pageno' id='Page_38'>38</span>oval groups, extending obliquely backwards and inwards, but separated by a considerable
+interval. Body somewhat depressed and elongated, with many prominent glandular tubercles,
+and with pores about the parotid region. Lumbar glands of moderate size, of an elongated
+oval form, and very convex. Legs rather slender, the anterior feet with the third toe considerably
+the longest; a small tubercle under each joint of all the toes, and several small
+inconspicuous ones on the palm; hinder legs rather elongated, the toes long, particularly the
+fourth, the first very short; a small tubercle under each joint; the inner metatarsal tubercle
+prominent, the outer one inconsiderable.</p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Colour.</span>—The markings of this species are very elegant and striking. The ground colour of the
+upper parts is a rich brown, with darker cloudings and marks; a light yellowish longitudinal
+line running all the length from the nose to the extremity of the body, a very irregular fascia
+on each side of the same colour enclosing a brown oblong spot on the upper lip, another
+just behind the tympanum, and two others on the sides; there is also a brown fascia from the
+extremity of the nose to each eye; the lumbar glands are black and yellow, distinctly marked.
+The limbs are obscurely banded with brown and pale yellowish. The colours in some specimens
+are more obscure than in that figured, and they appear to lose their clearness with age.</p>
+
+<p class='c021'>The following are the colours of the brighter individuals according to the observations of
+Mr. Darwin:—“Yellowish and broccoli-brown, with darker brown marks; broad medial dorsal
+line, pale gallstone yellow; lumbar glands saffron yellow and jet black.” Another specimen was
+“ash-grey with blackish brown marks.”</p>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr><th class='c023' colspan='4'>DIMENSIONS.</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'></td>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <th class='c024'>Inches.</th>
+    <th class='c025'>Lines.</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the head and body</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>8</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the anterior extremities</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>0</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the posterior extremities</td>
+    <td class='c026'>2</td>
+    <td class='c010'>4</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class='c000'>The general habit of this species is much more in accordance with its relation
+to the <i>Ranidæ</i> than that of the other species of the genus. Its general form
+is more elongated and depressed, and the limbs, particularly the hinder ones, are
+longer in proportion to the body. It is certainly very near <i>Pl. Bibronii</i> of Tschudi,
+but still undoubtedly distinct.</p>
+
+<div>
+  <span class='pageno' id='Page_39'>39</span>
+  <h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Pleurodema bufoninum.</span> <i>Mihi.</i></h3>
+</div>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate XVII.—Fig. 5.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Dentibus palatinis prominentibus, in fasciculis binis ovalibus, obliquis, dispositis;
+lingua subcordiformi, subemarginata; glandulis lumborum maximis, ellipticis,
+planis; digitis posticis dimidio ferè palmatis, marginatis; dorso glandulis parvis
+instructo,fusco-griseo maculis, nigris, lineâ longitudinali pallidâ</span></i>.</p>
+
+<p class='c000'>Habitat, Port Desire, Patagonia.</p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Description.</span>—Head short. Muzzle rounded. Eyes prominent. Tongue thick, slightly heart-shaped,
+scarcely notched on the posterior margin. Palatine teeth prominent, in two oval
+groups, converging backwards. Tympanum rather small, perfectly round, conspicuous. Parotid
+glands distinct. Body thick and broad, with small glandular tubercles dispersed over
+the surface, particularly at the anterior part. Lumbar glands extremely large, elliptic-ovate,
+flat. Legs of moderate length, rather robust. Anterior toes separated, excepting at the base;
+a small tubercle under each joint, and several very small ones on the palm; hinder toes united
+to about half their length, and bordered on each side to the extremity; metatarsal tubercles
+prominent; soles of the hinder feet with many minute tubercles.</p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Colour.</span>—The upper surface of this species is of a brownish grey colour, sometimes greenish
+brown or dark olive, and with numerous irregular spots of dark-brown or black. Thighs and
+legs with fasciæ of the same colour. Beneath yellowish white; in some with numerous blackish
+dots under the throat.</p>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr><th class='c023' colspan='4'>DIMENSIONS.</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'></td>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <th class='c024'>Inches.</th>
+    <th class='c025'>Lines.</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the head and body</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>8</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the anterior extremities</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>0</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the posterior extremities</td>
+    <td class='c026'>2</td>
+    <td class='c010'>3</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class='c000'>Found by Mr. Darwin at Port Desire, in Patagonia, and high up the river
+Santa Cruz—“probably,” says Mr. Darwin, “the most southern limit for this
+family.”</p>
+
+<h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Genus—LEIUPERUS.</span> <i>Bibr.</i><br> <span class='sc'>Leiuperus salarius.</span> <i>Mihi.</i></h3>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate XVIII.—Fig. 1.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Suprà nigricans, lumbis maculis 3 vel 4 nigris, albo-marginatis.</span></i></p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Description</span>.—The head is short, the opening of the mouth small, the tongue rather thick, very
+slightly emarginate behind, and with the posterior margin free. The eyes small; the tympanum
+<span class='pageno' id='Page_40'>40</span>not very conspicuous; there is a trace of a parotid gland on each side of the neck. The
+body is rather thick, and the limbs proportionally short. The hinder toes are only connected
+at the base by a rudimentary membrane, the first four gradually increasing in length, and
+placed along the side of the matatarsus, one beyond the other; the fifth on the same line as
+the fourth, but not more than half its length. The metatarsal tubercle is rather prominent,
+and there are small subarticular tubercles on the toes of all the feet.</p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Colour.</span>—The colour of the upper parts is brownish black. On each side near the thigh are three
+or four perfectly round black spots, each surrounded with a white line. The under parts
+whitish.</p>
+
+<p class='c000'>Of this second species of a rare and remarkable genus, one specimen only
+exists in Mr. Darwin’s collection. It is only the third known instance, in the
+family of the <span class='sc'>Ranidæ</span>, of the absence of palatine teeth; the others being
+<i>Oxyglossus Lima</i> of Tschudi, and <i>Leiuperus marmoratus</i> of Bibron. The present
+genus must be considered as nearly approaching the family of the <span class='sc'>Bufonidæ</span> in
+the absence of palatine and the extreme minuteness of the maxillary teeth, in
+the extremely small gape of the mouth, the thick form of the body, the shortness
+of the limbs, and the existence of rudimentary parotid glands. I have not had
+an opportunity of comparing this specimen with those on which Bibron founded
+the genus, but I cannot doubt the specific distinction between them.</p>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr><th class='c023' colspan='4'>DIMENSIONS.</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'></td>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <th class='c024'>Inches.</th>
+    <th class='c025'>Lines.</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the head and body</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>9</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the anterior extremities</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>5</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the posterior extremities</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>1</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class='c000'>It was found by Mr. Darwin at Port Desire, and its habitat is very remarkable.
+“It is bred in and inhabits water far too salt to drink.”</p>
+
+<h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Genus—PYXICEPHALUS.</span> <i>Bibr.</i><br> <span class='sc'>Pyxicephalus Americanus.</span> <i>Bibr.</i></h3>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate XVIII.—Fig. 2.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Lingua cordiformi; dentibus palatinis in lineâ transversâ interruptâ, inter nares
+posteriores positis; tympano celato; dorso mammillato.</span></i></p>
+
+<p class='c000'>This curious species has, I believe, only once before been found. A single
+specimen exists in the French Museum, which was brought from Buenos Ayres
+<span class='pageno' id='Page_41'>41</span>by Mons. d’Orbigny, and which formed the subject of Mons. Bibron’s description.
+Mr. Darwin’s specimen was taken on the open plains at Monte Video.</p>
+
+<p class='c000'>Of the three species of this remarkable genus at present known, two are
+inhabitants of Africa, from whence they were brought by Delalande. As neither
+of them has as yet been figured, it was thought desirable that the present opportunity
+should be taken to exhibit some of the generic characters, and especially
+the hard horny spur on the hinder foot.</p>
+
+<p class='c000'>This genus is one of those bufonine forms of the <span class='sc'>Ranidæ</span> which irresistibly
+lead us to doubt the correctness of the present received arrangement of the anourous
+Amphibia.</p>
+
+<h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Genus—ALSODES.</span> <i>Bell.</i>.</h3>
+
+<p class='c037'><i><span lang="la"><span class=normal>Caput</span> convexum. <span class=normal>Lingua</span> anticè acutè-producta, posticè rotundata, et libera. <span class=normal>Dentes
+palatini</span> inter nares posteriores. <span class=normal>Tympanum</span> celatum. <span class=normal>Aperturæ Eustachianæ</span>
+haud conspicuæ. <span class=normal>Digiti anteriores</span> ad basin tantùm—<span class=normal>posteriores</span> usque ad phalangem
+tertium membranâ connexi.</span></i></p>
+
+<p class='c000'>A genus of the Raniform group, nearly allied, as Mons. Bibron observes, to
+<i>Scaphiopus</i>, by the structure of the hands, which, although without any projecting
+rudimentary thumb, has a small process under the skin, along the extreme margin
+of the first finger. In common with the genus <i>Bombinator</i>, it has the opening
+of the Eustachian tubes so small as scarcely to be detected.</p>
+
+<h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Alsodes Monticola.</span> <i>Mihi.</i></h3>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate XVIII.—Fig. 3.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Description.</span>—Head semi-elliptical, somewhat convex, with the muzzle nearly perpendicular;
+vertex smooth. Eyes of moderate size. Nostrils very small, opening upwards. Tongue
+broad and rounded behind, narrowing to a point at the apex, detached at the posterior part.
+Palatine teeth in two small approximate patches, between the posterior nostrils. Openings of
+the Eustachian tubes scarcely visible. Extremities of moderate length. The fore feet, with
+four rather short toes, connected at the base by a short membrane; the inner toe broad, and
+with a slight projection under the skin, along its inner margin; hinder toes connected as far as
+the joint of the second and third phalanges.</p>
+
+<p class='c000'>The colour of the only specimen in the collection has become totally changed
+into a smoky brown by the spirit, but the following is Mr. Darwin’s description
+<span class='pageno' id='Page_42'>42</span>of it when living: “On the centre of the back a strong tinge of grass-green,
+shading on the sides into a yellowish brown; iris coppery.”</p>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr><th class='c023' colspan='4'>DIMENSIONS.</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'></td>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <th class='c024'>Inches.</th>
+    <th class='c025'>Lines.</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the head</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>5</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the body</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>0</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the anterior extremities</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>9</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the posterior extremities</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>8</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class='c000'>Mr. Darwin found this species “in the island of Inchy, archipelago of
+Chonos, north part of Cape Tres Montes, from the same great height as <i>Bufo
+Chilensis</i> (from 500 to 2500 feet elevation) under a stone.”</p>
+
+<h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Genus—LITORIA.</span> <i>Bibr.</i><br> <span class='sc'>Litoria glandulosa.</span> <i>Mihi.</i></h3>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate XVIII.—Fig. 4.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Femoribus posticè glandulosis; digitis posticis brevitèr palmatis.</span></i></p>
+
+<p class='c000'>This species agrees in many respects with <i>Litoria Americana</i> of Bibron. It
+differs, however, in the toes being much less palmate, at least according to the
+generic character given by that excellent naturalist, and in the existence of
+numerous thick glands on the posterior part of the thighs. The very slight
+degree to which the extremities of the toes are dilated in the other species of this
+genus, and which would at first sight lead to their allocation amongst the Raniform
+rather than the Hyliform group, is in the present species even more strongly
+exhibited; and it can scarcely be said that any dilatation exists at all.</p>
+
+<p class='c000'>The colours in the only specimen brought by Mr. Darwin are much obscured.
+The upper parts are apparently of an uniform brown, the under parts whitish,
+dotted with brown.</p>
+
+<p class='c000'>It was taken by Mr. Darwin at Concepcion, in Chile.</p>
+
+<div>
+  <span class='pageno' id='Page_43'>43</span>
+  <h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Genus—BATRACHYLA.</span> <i>Bell.</i></h3>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c037'><i><span lang="la"><span class=normal>Lingua</span> suborbicularis, posticè libera. <span class=normal>Dentes palatini</span> in fasciculis binis obliquis
+inter nares posteriores dispositi. <span class=normal>Tympanum</span> distinctum, parvum, rotundum.
+<span class=normal>Digiti</span> depressi, ad apicem paullò dilatati, truncati. <span class=normal>Anteriores</span> ad basin tantùm—posteriores
+paulò plus palmati.</span></i></p>
+
+<p class='c000'>This genus, which considerably resembles <i>Hylodes</i>, is nevertheless sufficiently
+distinct from it, in the distribution of the palatine teeth, in the form of
+the dilatations of the toes, in the presence of a small palmar membrane, and
+some other points. One of the most remarkable of its characters is the form of
+the dilatation at the extremity of the toes; it is very small, transverse, truncated,
+and even a little emarginate; in this respect it must be considered as constituting
+a very near approach to the family of the <span class='sc'>Ranidæ</span>. We are unfortunately
+without any information as to the habits of the only known species
+which could throw any light upon its relations; but it is very clear that the
+dilatations of the toes are not such as to constitute it a true <i>tree-frog</i>, nor, on the
+other hand, are the connecting membranes of sufficient extent to give it the
+typical character of the swimming group of these animals.</p>
+
+<p class='c000'><span class='sc'>Batrachyla leptopus.</span> <i>Mihi.</i></p>
+
+<p class='c000'><span class='sc'>Plate XVIII.—Fig. 5.</span></p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Description.</span>—Head depressed, broad, rounded. Nostrils small, placed near together. Eyes
+large, opening considerably upwards. Tongue nearly round, the posterior part free for about
+one-third of its length. Palatine teeth placed in two small oval groups, placed obliquely,
+between the posterior nostrils, separated from each other by a considerable space. Tympanum
+small, nearly round. Limbs of moderate length. The toes on all the feet depressed, slender,
+the terminal dilatation very small, transverse, truncated; those of the fore feet connected at
+the base only, those of the hinder to the union of the first and second phalanges; of those of
+the fore feet the third is the longest, then the fourth, the second, and the first; of the hinder
+the fourth is the longest, then the third and fifth equal, then the second and the first. There
+are some minute scattered glands on the posterior part of the thighs.</p>
+
+<p class='c000'>The only specimen in Mr. Darwin’s collection is in so bad a condition, that
+it is impossible to say with any certainty what is its natural colour. It is brown
+<span class='pageno' id='Page_44'>44</span>above, with a lighter band across the head between the eyes, and there are traces
+of a longitudinal line down the back; the limbs are banded with brown and
+brownish yellow; the under parts are pale, dotted with brown.</p>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr><th class='c023' colspan='4'>DIMENSIONS.</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'></td>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <th class='c024'>Inches.</th>
+    <th class='c025'>Lines.</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the head</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>5</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the body</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>0</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the anterior extremities</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>0</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the posterior extremities</td>
+    <td class='c026'>2</td>
+    <td class='c010'>1</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class='c000'>Found by Mr. Darwin at Valdivia.</p>
+
+<h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Genus—HYLORINA.</span> <i>Bell.</i></h3>
+
+<p class='c037'><i><span lang="la"><span class=normal>Caput</span> subrotundum planum. <span class=normal>Linguæ</span> magnâ circularis, posticè libera. <span class=normal>Dentes
+palatini</span> in lineâ transversâ, parum interruptâ, dispositi. <span class=normal>Tympanum</span> distinctum.
+<span class=normal>Digiti</span> subdepressi, ad apicem obtusi, haud expansi; anteriores ferè liberi; <span class=normal>posteriores</span>
+ad basin membranâ connexi, et marginati. <span class=normal>Femora</span> multò glandulosa.</span></i></p>
+
+<p class='c000'>A genus nearly allied to <i>Hylodes</i>, from which, however, it may at once be
+distinguished by the palmure of the hinder toes—which in <i>Hylodes</i> are entirely
+free—and by the absence of even the slightest dilatation of their extremities;
+offering another example of an osculant form between the <span class='sc'>Hylidæ</span> and the
+<span class='sc'>Ranidæ</span>.</p>
+
+<h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Hylorina sylvatica.</span> <i>Mihi.</i></h3>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate XIX.—Fig. 1.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Description.</span>—Head broad, rounded, the anterior margin, from the nose to the lip, nearly perpendicular.
+Eyes large and prominent. Tympanum distinct, small, round. Tongue very large,
+circular, and entire, the posterior half free. Palatine teeth placed in a transverse line
+between the posterior nostrils, scarcely interrupted in the middle. Skin of the back rugose.
+Anterior feet with the toes long, rather slender, united at the base only by a very short membrane,
+with round subarticular tubercles, the apex rounded, but not presenting the slightest
+expansion. Hinder toes similarly formed, but with the connecting membrane more conspicuous,
+and extending along the sides of the toes nearly to the extremity. Thighs covered
+on the under and posterior surface with rather large and distinct glands.</p>
+
+<div class='section'>
+
+<div class='c028'><a id='plate_19'></a><i>Reptiles. Plate 19.</i></div>
+
+</div>
+
+<div  class='figcenter id001'>
+<img src='images/plate_19.jpg' alt='' class='ig001'>
+<div class='ic001'>
+<p><i>Drawn from Nature on stone by B. Waterhouse Hawkins.</i><br>  <i>C. Hullmandel Imp.</i></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c013'><i>1. 1a.</i></td>
+    <td class='c013'><i>Hylorina</i></td>
+    <td class='c014'><i>syvatica.</i></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c013'><i>2. 2a.</i></td>
+    <td class='c013'><i>Hyla</i></td>
+    <td class='c014'><i>agrestis.</i></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c013'><i>3. 3a.</i></td>
+    <td class='c013'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c014'><i>Vauterii.</i></td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class='c000'><span class='pageno' id='Page_45'>45</span>The following is the description of the colouring, as given by Mr. Darwin
+from the living specimen. “Above fine grass green, mottled all over with copper
+colour, which nearly forms two longitudinal bands; beneath entirely of a lurid
+reddish lead colour. Iris brown.”</p>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr><th class='c023' colspan='4'>DIMENSIONS.</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'></td>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <th class='c024'>Inches.</th>
+    <th class='c025'>Lines.</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the head</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>0</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the body</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>8</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the anterior extremities</td>
+    <td class='c026'>2</td>
+    <td class='c010'>1</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the posterior extremities</td>
+    <td class='c026'>4</td>
+    <td class='c010'>4</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class='c000'>Found by Mr. Darwin in the Archipelago of Chonos (S. of Chiloe) in thick
+forests.</p>
+
+<h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Genus—HYLA.</span><br> <span class='sc'>Hyla Vauterii.</span> <i>Bibr.</i></h3>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate XIX. Fig. 2.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Linguæ subcordiformi, posticè emarginatâ. Dentibus palatinis in fasciculis binis ovalilibus,
+subcontiguis. Oculis prominentibus. Capite tam lato quam longo. Gulâ
+bi-plicatâ; suprà levitèr—infrà multùm granulosâ. Dorso fusco-griseo, punctis,
+maculis et fasciis lateralibus nigris</span></i>.</p>
+
+<div class='lg-container-b c020'>
+  <div class='linegroup'>
+    <div class='group'>
+      <div class='line'><i>Hyla Vauterii.</i> Bibr. MS.</div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Description.</span>—Head short, thick, the sides anteriorly converging towards a nearly right angle, the
+muzzle rounded. Tongue nearly cordate, posteriorly emarginate, free for about one-fourth of
+its length. Palatine teeth in two oval fasciculi, placed nearly transversely between the posterior
+nares, and almost contiguous. Eyes prominent. Tympanum circular, rather large.
+Body plump, the sides nearly parallel for two-thirds of its length. The skin nearly smooth,
+but covered with very small inconspicuous granulations over the whole upper surface, which
+are rather more obvious on the head. The throat, the belly, and the inferior surface of the
+thighs covered with large prominent granulations. Beneath the lower jaw the granulations
+are smaller, and the under surface of the limbs excepting the thighs is quite smooth. A small
+fold of skin over the tympanum passes backwards to the arm; and beneath the throat there are
+two considerable transverse folds, one of which is before and the other immediately behind the
+arms. Fore feet, with the palms covered with small granular tubercles, and a tubercle under
+the joints of the fingers, which are connected to about one-third of their length. Hinder legs
+longer than the head and body by the whole foot and tarsus. The soles tuberculated. Toes
+rather short, palmate to half their length.</p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Colour.</span>—The whole of the upper parts are greyish brown, with a tinge of red, and minutely
+punctured with black. There are scattered spots of the latter colour on the back and sides,
+assuming somewhat of a longitudinal arrangement, and a broad blackish grey fascia extends
+<span class='pageno' id='Page_46'>46</span>from the eye backwards to the arm, including the tympanum, and this fascia is bordered
+beneath by a white line. The thighs and legs are barred and spotted with black. The
+under parts are yellowish white, excepting under the lower jaw, where it is finely mottled with
+black and white.</p>
+
+<p class='c000'>I received the name of this species from Mons. Bibron, who had, I believe,
+applied it to specimens in the Paris Museum. It was taken by Mr. Darwin at
+Maldonado, lurking under a stone, and at Rio Janeiro on palm-trees.</p>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr><th class='c023' colspan='4'>DIMENSIONS.</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'></td>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <th class='c024'>Inches.</th>
+    <th class='c025'>Lines.</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the head and body</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>6</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of anterior extremities</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>9</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of posterior extremities</td>
+    <td class='c026'>2</td>
+    <td class='c010'>5</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Hyla agrestis.</span> <i>Mihi.</i></h3>
+
+<p class='c037'><i><span lang="la">Capite brevi. Oculis subprominentibus. Tympano mediocri circulari. Lingua subrotundâ, posticè libera, anticè angustatâ. Dentibus palatinis in fasciculis binis,
+paulò separatis, ad marginem postico-interiorem narium posteriorum. Dorso granuloso.
+Gulâ plicatâ. Digitis anticis ad basin tantùm, posticis usque ad phalanges
+penultimas palmatis. Suprà viridis, lineâ albâ laterali, femoribus posticè atque
+lateribus abdominis, albis, nigro-maculatis</span></i>.</p>
+
+<p class='c000'>Habitat, Maldonado, in grassy fields.</p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Description.</span>—Head short, thick, the two sides of the muzzle approaching each other at a rather
+acute angle, rounded at the extremity. Eyes rather large and prominent. Tympanum
+circular, of moderate size, and very distinct. Tongue entire, rounded, and free behind,
+narrowed, and almost angular in front. Palatine teeth in two oval parcels separated by a very
+small interval, and placed on a line with the hinder margin of the <i>posterior nares</i>; the whole of the
+back covered with extremely small granules; a slight fold or elevation of the skin commencing
+above the posterior margin of the tympanum, and extending backwards just above the arm, in
+front of which it is met by a more considerable one which crosses the throat from side to side;
+the under parts covered with large granules; fore feet with the toes palmated only at the base;
+hinder ones palmated to four-fifths of the length.</p>
+
+<p class='c000'>The colour of this beautiful species is thus given by Mr. Darwin:—“Above
+emerald green, beneath white; a silvery white stripe bordered beneath with a
+very narrow black line, extends from the corner of the eye, along the side, to the
+<span class='pageno' id='Page_47'>47</span>thigh; a smaller one at the corner of the mouth; the posterior surface of the
+hinder legs and the flanks marked with black spots. Iris gold coloured; tympanum
+brown.”</p>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr><th class='c023' colspan='4'>DIMENSIONS.</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'></td>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <th class='c024'>Inches.</th>
+    <th class='c025'>Lines.</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the head and body</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>8</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the anterior extremities</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>0</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the posterior extremities</td>
+    <td class='c026'>2</td>
+    <td class='c010'>8</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<p class='c000'>The young of this species, instead of the bright green colour of the
+upper parts, is of a delicate grey with small brown markings; and a lateral
+fascia of brown, bordered above and beneath with a white line, extends from the
+fore part of the head backwards, the upper white line nearly to the thigh, the
+inferior one to the shoulder. The black spots on the flanks and thighs are but
+just visible.</p>
+
+<p class='c000'>This species so nearly resembles the <i>Hyla pulchella</i> of Mons. Bibron, at
+least as far as his description enables me to ascertain its characters, that it was
+with some hesitation that I came to the conclusion that they are distinct.
+Exclusive, however, of the difference of colour, the back of the present species
+is granulated, and the throat still more distinctly so, whereas the other animal
+has the skin on the upper parts, as well as on the anterior part of the throat,
+quite smooth. The palatine teeth also appear to be somewhat differently
+arranged.</p>
+
+<p class='c000'>Mr. Darwin observes, that this species was found in numbers in the open
+grass plains, and likewise in swamps, about Maldonado, and that they can
+never ascend trees, as these are entirely wanting at the places frequented by
+the Hylæ.</p>
+
+<h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Fam.—BUFONIDÆ.</span><br> <span class='sc'>Genus—RHINODERMA.</span> <i>Bibr.</i></h3>
+
+<p class='c037'><i><span lang="la"><span class=normal>Lingua</span> cordato-ovata, posticè libera et subemarginata. <span class=normal>Dentes palatini</span> nulli. <span class=normal>Tympanum</span>
+celatum. <span class=normal>Glandæ parotideæ</span> nullæ. <span class=normal>Digiti</span> breves, depressi; <span class=normal>anteriores</span>
+ad basin tantùm, <span class=normal>posteriores</span> ferè dimidio palmati. <span class=normal>Rostrum</span> cutis appendiculo
+filiformi instructum.</span></i></p>
+
+<div>
+  <span class='pageno' id='Page_48'>48</span>
+  <h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Rhinoderma Darwinii.</span> <i>Bibr.</i></h3>
+</div>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate XX.—Fig. 1, 2.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Suprà pallidè rufo-cinereum, fasciis transversis viridescentibus; subtus castaneonigrum,
+maculis albis.</span></i></p>
+
+<div class='lg-container-b c020'>
+  <div class='linegroup'>
+    <div class='group'>
+      <div class='line'><i>Rhinoderma Darwinii.</i> Bibr. Hist. Nat. Rept. VIII. p. 659. <i>Var.</i> Dorso fuscescenti-nigro.</div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Description.</span>—The head and body are flattened, the head triangular, slightly truncated in front,
+but appearing angular from the skin being produced into a small filiform appendage, standing
+forwards from the extremity of the snout. The eyes are lateral, slightly prominent. Body
+very slender. Skin perfectly smooth, and without apparent glands, excepting on the thighs.
+Fore legs rather short, reaching quite to the thighs when placed by the side; the toes almost
+wholly separate, there being but the rudiment of a connecting membrane at their base. Hinder
+legs long, extending forwards beyond the head by the whole length of the foot; the hinder
+toes are connected nearly half their length, and the connecting membrane is thick and
+coloured like the rest of the skin.</p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Colour.</span>—The colour varies greatly in different individuals. The following are the principal
+variations in the specimens collected by Mr. Darwin. Above pale iron rust-colour, with a
+transverse fascia across the head, a triangular one over the shoulders, a large broad mark on the
+loins, and the upper part of the thighs all of a bright beautiful green. The under side anteriorly
+rich chestnut-brown, passing into black posteriorly, with several irregular snow-white
+spots, particularly a broad one across the belly, and white bands across the legs. Another
+specimen was cream colour above, the markings darker, and with small spots of green. In one
+the chestnut colour beneath was replaced by bright yellow. There is one, constituting a
+very distinct variety, in which the upper part is wholly and almost uniformly dark brown.
+The female is greenish grey above, without conspicuous markings.</p>
+
+<p class='c000'>This is the only known species of the genus, which was founded by Mons.
+Bibron upon the specimens collected by Mr. Darwin. The general slightness
+and elegance of its form, and its slender proportions, would lead us to consider it
+at first sight as rather belonging to the <i>Ranidæ</i> than the <i>Bufonidæ</i>; but the total
+absence of teeth in the upper maxillary arch, shews that its proper place is in the
+latter group. Its form and the length of the posterior extremities would also prepare
+us to expect that it can leap freely, which Mr. Darwin states to be the fact.
+It inhabits thick and gloomy forests, and is excessively common in the forest of
+Valdivia.</p>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr><th class='c023' colspan='4'>DIMENSIONS.</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'></td>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <th class='c024'>Inches.</th>
+    <th class='c025'>Lines.</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the head and body</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>0</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the anterior extremities</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>5</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the posterior extremities</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>4</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<div class='section'>
+
+<div class='c028'><a id='plate_20'></a><i>Reptiles. Plate 20.</i></div>
+
+</div>
+
+<div  class='figcenter id001'>
+<img src='images/plate_20.jpg' alt='' class='ig001'>
+<div class='ic001'>
+<p><i>Drawn from Nature on stone by B. Waterhouse Hawkins.</i><br>  <i>Printed by C. Hullmandel.</i></p>
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c013'><i>1. 2.</i></td>
+    <td class='c013'><i>Rhinoderma Darwinii.</i></td>
+    <td class='c029 bbt' rowspan='3'><i>Nat. Size.</i></td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c013'><i>3. 4. 5.</i></td>
+    <td class='c013'><i>Phryniscus nigricans.</i></td>
+    
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c013'><i>6.</i></td>
+    <td class='c013'><i>Uperodon. ornatum.</i></td>
+    
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<div>
+  <span class='pageno' id='Page_49'>49</span>
+  <h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Bufo Chilensis.</span> <i>Bibr.</i></h3>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c039'>Of this species, which has been described under different names by many
+naturalists, and the synonymy of which has only lately been cleared up by
+Mons. Bibron, there exist numerous specimens in the collection of Mr. Darwin,
+who found it at Buenos Ayres, and also in the Archipelago of Chonos, on the
+west coast of South America. It is certainly remarkable that the same
+species should be found on the opposite sides of the Continent; but on a careful
+examination I do not find any specific distinctions between the specimens from
+the different localities. The Prince de Wied has described it as found at Brazil,
+under the name of <i>Bufo cinctus</i>, and it is also well known as having been repeatedly
+procured in Peru and in Chile; but Mons. Bibron has in his work considered
+them all as belonging to but one species. The following account of its
+habits as given by Mr. Darwin is very curious and interesting:—“These Toads
+are exceedingly abundant all over the treeless damp mountains of granite,
+crawling about, and eating during the daytime, and making a noise similar to
+that which is commonly used in England to quicken horses. Many of them on
+being touched close their eyes, arch their back, and draw up their legs (as if the
+spinal marrow was divided), probably as an artifice. They are remarkable from
+their curious manner of running like the Natter Jack of England; they scarcely
+ever jump, neither do they crawl like a toad, but run very quickly. Their bright
+colours give them a very strange appearance. They abound at an elevation of
+500 to 2500 feet.”</p>
+
+<h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Genus—PHRYNISCUS.</span><br> <span class='sc'>Phryniscus nigricans.</span> <i>Weigm.</i></h3>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate XX.—Fig. 3, 4, 5.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Dorso granuloso, scabriusculo. Pedibus posticis subpalmatis. Corpore membrisque
+nigris, abdomine maculâ magnâ transversâ ad partem posteriorem et maculâ rotunda
+utrinque medium versus, palmis atque plantis, omnibus coccineis.</span></i></p>
+
+<div class='lg-container-b c020'>
+  <div class='linegroup'>
+    <div class='group'>
+      <div class='line'><i>Phryniscus nigricans.</i> Weigm. Nov. Act. Leop. XVII. p. 264. Bibr. Hist. Rept. VIII. p. 723.</div>
+      <div class='line'><i>Chaunus formosus.</i> Tschudi Classif. Batrach.</div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c000'>Habitat, Maldonado and Bahia Blanca.</p>
+
+<p class='c000'><span class='pageno' id='Page_50'>50</span>This curious little species has been described by Weigman under the
+present name,—by Tschudi under the generic name of <i>Chaunus</i>, and fully by
+Bibron, who retained the name originally given to it by Weigman. It now
+remains only to correct, from Mr. Darwin’s notes, some points respecting the
+colours, which had been mis-stated in consequence of the action of the spirit in
+which the specimen had been preserved. The colour of this curious miniature
+representation of a Toad, is “ink black,” excepting the palms and soles of the
+feet, a large transverse spot across the posterior part of the abdomen, two smaller
+ones near the middle, and in some specimens a few scattered little spots, all of
+the most intense vermilion red. There is one specimen from Bahia Blanca which
+has also some small “buff-orange” spots on the upper part.<a id='r4'></a><a href='#f4' class='c031'><sup>[4]</sup></a> Mr. Darwin observes
+that “the appearance of the vermilion colour is as if the animal had
+crawled over a newly painted board;” and he adds—“This Toad inhabits the
+most dry and sandy plains of Bahia Blanca, where there is no appearance of
+water ever lodging.” The other specimens were taken at Maldonado, where
+it inhabits the sand-dunes near the coast. Mr. Darwin threw one into a pool of
+fresh-water, but he found it could hardly swim, and he thinks, if unassisted, it
+would have been soon drowned.</p>
+
+<div class='footnote' id='f4'>
+<p class='c000'><span class='label'><a href='#r4'>4</a>.&#160;&#160;</span>This specimen from Bahia Blanca has a much smoother skin than the others; but from its similarity in all
+other characters there can be no doubt of its specific identity with them.</p>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c000'>This species is diurnal in its habits, and may be daily seen under a scorching
+sun, crawling over the parched and loose sand. M. D’Orbigny brought specimens
+from Monte Video.</p>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr><th class='c023' colspan='4'>DIMENSIONS.</th></tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'></td>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <th class='c024'>Inches.</th>
+    <th class='c025'>Lines.</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>Length</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the head and body</td>
+    <td class='c026'>1</td>
+    <td class='c010'>0</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the anterior extremities</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>5</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c009'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c009'>of the posterior extremities</td>
+    <td class='c026'>0</td>
+    <td class='c010'>8</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<h3 class='c018'><span class='sc'>Genus—UPERODON.</span> <i>Bibr.</i><br> <span class='sc'>Uperodon Onatum.</span> <i>Mihi.</i></h3>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c002'>
+    <div><span class='sc'>Plate XX.—Fig. 6.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<p class='c027'><i><span lang="la">Capite multò latiore quam longiore. Dorso olivaceo, maculis fuscis, albo marginatis</span></i>.</p>
+
+<p class='c000'>Habitat Buenos Ayres.</p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Description.</span>—Head more than half as broad again as it is long, and equal in breadth to half the
+entire length of the head and body. Muzzle rounded. Nostrils oval, opening upwards and a
+<span class='pageno' id='Page_51'>51</span>little outwards. Eyes rather large, the upper eyelids forming perfect flaps, which entirely
+cover the eyes. Body rounded, very broad. The shoulders and thighs wholly concealed by
+the skin of the body. Limbs very short. The anterior feet very broad. The toes somewhat
+depressed, very short, bordered with a fold of skin. Hinder feet with the toes more depressed
+and more distinctly bordered. Back covered with small glands.</p>
+
+<p class='c021'><span class='sc'>Colour.</span>—The colour of the upper surface is dark olive, becoming lighter at the sides, and having
+numerous dark brown spots, which are round, oval, elliptical, or irregular, of very various sizes,
+placed somewhat symmetrically, and each bordered with a whitish or yellow line. Beneath
+pale, excepting the throat, which is black.</p>
+
+<p class='c000'>I have ventured to consider this remarkable amphibian as specifically distinct
+from <i>U. marmoratum</i> of Bibron; a conclusion to which I have been almost imperatively
+led, by the fact of its inhabiting a different hemisphere from all known specimens
+of that species. The other was found by M. Leschenault in the interior of
+the peninsula of India: the specimen from which the present description is taken
+was obtained by Mr. Darwin at Buenos Ayres. Notwithstanding the similarity of
+the two species, which is so great as to have led Mons. Bibron to consider them as
+identical, I could not assent to such an anomaly as the existence of an animal, at
+once so rare and possessed of such limited powers of locomotion, in two regions
+so widely remote. I have not the opportunity of comparing the specimens of
+the former species with the present, but, even from Mons. Bibron’s description, I
+believe that I can discover sufficient discrepancies between the animals, to bear
+me out in the view I have taken. These discrepancies I venture to place in the
+following tabular view, and leave zoologists to form their own conclusions.</p>
+
+<table class='table2'>
+  <tr>
+    <th class='c013'>UPERODON MARMORATUM.</th>
+    <th class='c014'>UPERODON ORNATUM.</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c013'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c014'>&#160;</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c013'>“<span lang="fr">La tête offre en arrière une largeur à peu près égale à son longueur totale, laquelle entre pour le quart environ dans l’étendue de l’animal.</span>”</td>
+    <td class='c014'>Head fully half as broad again as it is long, and equal in breadth to half the total length of the animal.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c013'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c014'>&#160;</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c013'>“<span lang="fr">On pourrait considérer la peau comme étant parfaitement lisse, si l’on ne voyait éparses sur le dessus du tronc un certain nombre de verrues glanduleuses d’un assez grand diamètre relativement à la grosseur de l’animal, mais fort peu saillantes ou à peine convexes.</span>”</td>
+    <td class='c014'>Back covered with numerous <i>small</i> glandular tubercles, notably elevated.</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c013'>&#160;</td>
+    <td class='c014'>&#160;</td>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c013'>“<span lang="fr">Les parties supérieures de ce Batracien présentent sur un fond olivâtre, d’énormes taches brunes, <i>toutes confluentes, ou s’anastomosant diversement</i>.</span>”<a id='r5'></a><a href='#f5' class='c031'><sup>[5]</sup></a></td>
+    <td class='c014'>All the spots on the back are quite distinct, not in any way passing into each other or connected, and each encircled by a white line.</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<div class='footnote' id='f5'>
+<p class='c000'><span class='label'><a href='#r5'>5</a>.&#160;&#160;</span>Bibr. Rept. VIII. p. 749.</p>
+</div>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c003'>
+    <div><span class='small'><span class='sc'>London</span>:</span></div>
+    <div><span class='small'>Printed by <span class='sc'>Stewart</span> and <span class='sc'>Murray</span>,</span></div>
+    <div><span class='small'>Old Bailey.</span></div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+<div class='pbb'>
+ <hr class='pb c002'>
+</div>
+<div class='tnotes x-ebookmaker'>
+
+<div class='chapter ph2'>
+
+<div class='nf-center-c1'>
+<div class='nf-center c004'>
+    <div>TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES</div>
+  </div>
+</div>
+
+</div>
+
+<table class='table0'>
+  <tr>
+    <th class='c024'>Page</th>
+    <th class='c024'>Changed from</th>
+    <th class='c025'>Changed to</th>
+  </tr>
+  <tr>
+    <td class='c026'><a href='#t16'>16</a></td>
+    <td class='c013'>minutè  granulato. Seriebus duabas squamarum supralabialium. Femorum facie</td>
+    <td class='c014'>minutè  granulato. Seriebus duabus squamarum supralabialium. Femorum facie</td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+  <ul  class='ul_1'>
+    <li>Fixed typos; non-standard spelling and dialect retained.
+
+    </li>
+    <li>Renumbered footnotes.
+
+    </li>
+    <li>Corrected the issues mentioned in the <a href='#Errata'>Errata</a>
+    </li>
+  </ul>
+
+</div>
+<div style='text-align:center'>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 79041 ***</div>
+</body>
+<!-- created with ppgen.py 3.57i (with regex) on 2026-05-22 21:53:07 GMT -->
+</html>
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diff --git a/79041-h/images/plate_14.jpg b/79041-h/images/plate_14.jpg
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diff --git a/79041-h/images/plate_15.jpg b/79041-h/images/plate_15.jpg
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diff --git a/79041-h/images/plate_16.jpg b/79041-h/images/plate_16.jpg
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diff --git a/79041-h/images/plate_17.jpg b/79041-h/images/plate_17.jpg
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diff --git a/79041-h/images/plate_18.jpg b/79041-h/images/plate_18.jpg
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diff --git a/79041-h/images/plate_19.jpg b/79041-h/images/plate_19.jpg
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diff --git a/79041-h/images/plate_20.jpg b/79041-h/images/plate_20.jpg
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author	www-data <www-data@mail.pglaf.org>	2026-07-06 11:45:08 -0700
committer	www-data <www-data@mail.pglaf.org>	2026-07-06 11:45:08 -0700
commit	3cb8e5b27c14f3902f0dbdbabee7b4a908024fc3 (patch)
tree	8b48435951cfd5263db688c418edc0fe9b52d066 /79041-h