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diff --git a/old/68217-0.txt b/old/68217-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index bef0315..0000000 --- a/old/68217-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,932 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg eBook of Friendly counsels for freedmen, by -Jared Bell Waterbury - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and -most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you -will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before -using this eBook. - -Title: Friendly counsels for freedmen - -Author: Jared Bell Waterbury - -Release Date: May 31, 2022 [eBook #68217] - -Language: English - -Produced by: The Online Distributed Proofreading Team at - https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images - generously made available by The Internet Archive) - -*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK FRIENDLY COUNSELS FOR -FREEDMEN *** - - -[Illustration] - - - - - FRIENDLY COUNSELS - FOR FREEDMEN. - - BY REV. J. B. WATERBURY, D. D. - - [Illustration] - - PUBLISHED BY THE - AMERICAN TRACT SOCIETY, - 150 NASSAU-STREET, NEW YORK. - - - - - FRIENDLY COUNSELS - FOR - FREEDMEN. - - -We welcome all who have come out of bondage to the privileges of -freemen. Providence has unloosed your fetters. The war has been made -use of by the Almighty to bring about this great change in your -condition. We hope you will remember this; and when you pray, you must -not forget to give him thanks for your freedom. - -Your condition is in some respects much better, and in others somewhat -worse, than when you were slaves. Your master, if he was kind, took -good care of you. Now that you are free, you have got to take care of -yourselves. At first this may be a hardship; but by and by you will see -that it is a good thing. In slavery you had little or no care, except -to see that your task was done. Now that you are your own men, you have -got to _think_ and _work_ both. - -Thus freedom acts on the mind. It obliges you to seek a livelihood--to -look up work such as you can do, that you may support yourselves and -your families. It sets you to thinking how you can earn wages, and how -you can best spend them. Freedom, remember, has its cares and anxieties -as well as its benefits. - - - - -LABOR. - - -Don’t fall into the mistake of some, that freedom means idleness. No -such thing. Free people have to work, and some of them have to work -very hard even to get their bread. Some of the free colored people -have by their own labor gained the means of a comfortable livelihood, -and made themselves respectable. You can do the same, if you will -use the same diligence. By industry you will soon be able to support -yourselves and families, and lay up something perhaps for a rainy day. -Thus you may secure something to depend on when you are sick or old -and can’t work. There will no doubt be penny savings-banks, where you -can put some of your money, and where it will not only be safe, but -will increase. We hope, if there are such banks, that you will take -advantage of them. - -At first, and before you get well a going, the government, aided by -good people, is ready to lend you a helping hand. This is done to give -you a chance to get used to your new situation. But the sooner you stop -leaning on the government and on the help of the whites, the better for -yourselves and for all concerned. - -Don’t refuse to work then, even at low wages. Work at low wages is -better than idleness. The Bible says, he that will not work, neither -shall he eat. It says also, “Be diligent in business.” - -Besides, if you are idle, and look for support to the whites, the -slaveholders will throw it in our teeth, and say, “There, you see -negroes wont work, unless there is a master over them.” And so we -shall be ashamed, not knowing what to say in reply. But if you are -industrious and willing to work even at low wages, they can’t say this. - -If the government wants able-bodied men among you for the army, to dig -trenches, to build forts, or to enlist as soldiers, let it not be said -that you refused. If you are invited to go in as field laborers, go in -and work. You work now as freemen, not as slaves; and the money which -is paid you, you can lay out for food and clothing, and for any thing -else that is proper. In this country nobody expects to live without -work. - - - - -CLEANLINESS. - - -Industry is one good thing. But there are other habits also we would -recommend. Cleanliness is very important. Black or white, a dirty -person is a disgusting object. Even a poor person can possess the -virtue of cleanliness. Soap and water are not very dear things; but -if one don’t use them, they might as well cost guineas instead of -coppers. What do you think of a mother who keeps neither herself nor -her children clean? Who likes to enter a cabin or cottage where the -dirt has to be wiped off a seat before a decent man or woman can sit -down upon it? A clean person will see that even the patched garments he -is obliged to wear are at least free from dirt. No matter how poor the -house is you live in, it should be kept clean. The Bible says, “Wash -you, make you clean.” Though this means _soul_ washing, yet it shows -God loves cleanliness. - - - - -ECONOMY. - - -Economy is another thing we recommend. This means saving all you can -above and beyond what is needful for you to live upon. Don’t spend your -money foolishly. Don’t spend it on rum or tobacco. Don’t gamble it -away. Don’t buy expensive clothes or rich food. Some poor people, when -they get a little money, think they may spend it in a frolic. All this -is bad, and brings a man or a family very soon to want. - -We don’t wish you to be stingy, nor like one who hates to spend a penny -even for what is necessary. This is not what we mean. But take care of -your wages. Make them go as far as you can in supporting yourself and -family; and if there is any over, lay it up against a time of need. -Only don’t waste it; for the Bible makes the waster and the slothful -man brothers. “He also that is slothful in his work, is brother to him -that is a great waster.” - - - - -SOBRIETY. - - -Sobriety is another habit or virtue we hope you will observe. Rum is -the ruin of thousands. Keep clear of it, or it will ruin you. Soul and -body die under its ravages. A drunkard is worse than a beast. Look -at the drunkard’s home--or rather, _dwelling_; home is too sacred a -word--and see how desolate and dreary and wretched it is. The Bible -says, “Drunkards shall not inherit the kingdom of God;” so that they -are miserable here, and more miserable hereafter and for ever. - - - - -HONESTY. - - -Honesty is all-important. “Thou shalt not steal” is one of God’s -commandments. When you were in slavery you may have thought that you -had a right to take from your master what you could get hold of, and -hesitated only from the fear of being found out. Even some slaves who -call themselves pious, have thought it was not wrong to take from the -master’s crib whatever they could lay their hands upon. But if they -had read the Bible, they would have seen how wrong it was. The apostle -Paul, writing to the bondmen in his day, says they must “not purloin;” -which means, they must not steal even a little thing from their -masters, nor from anybody else. - -If then any of you have fallen into this wicked habit, stop it at once. -Besides, if you steal, the law will seize upon you, and you may have to -go to prison, or suffer some worse punishment. You are _now_ under law, -and must be an honest keeper of the law. - - - - -LYING. - - -Be truthful. Some have said that lying is universally practised among -the slaves--that they seem to think it is no sin, or if it be a sin, -that it is a very little one. If this be so, then we urge you to get -your minds at once set right in this matter. Lying is a sin, and a -great sin. God has said, “Thou shalt not bear false witness,” and that -forbids lying of all kinds. He says too, “Lie not one to another.” And -still more, he says, “Liars shall have their part in the lake that -burneth with fire and brimstone.” He is a God of truth, and he commands -us all to “speak the truth in love.” - - - - -SWEARING. - - -Perhaps you are not a profane swearer. We hardly think swearing is as -common among the blacks as it is among the whites: to the shame of the -whites be it said. Yet we have heard some shocking oaths from colored -men and women. This wicked habit the Bible condemns. “Thou shalt not -take the name of the Lord thy God in vain; for the Lord will not hold -him guiltless that taketh his name in vain.” “Swear not at all,” said -Jesus. If any of you have fallen into this dreadful habit, break it -off, stop it at once. And if you have not, then guard against it. - - - - -PURITY. - - -Be chaste. I dare say you know what that means. Whatever bad examples -you may have had, you should now and henceforth keep from that -destructive vice which God has forbidden in the seventh commandment. -It is, “Thou shalt not commit adultery.” This means, to keep to your -own wife, and the wife keep to her own husband. If you break over this -bound, you break God’s law. In slavery, this vice or wickedness has not -been thought so very bad; and perhaps, in some instances, it may even -have been encouraged. But it was wicked _then_, and it is wicked _now_. -Whatever apologies you may have made for it before, you are now out of -the house of bondage, and under the same laws that all are. A woman’s -character, married or unmarried, is blasted if she is impure; and in -the sight of God an impure man is equally sinful. - -All young people should guard against this vice. They have a character -to form and to maintain; and how can that be done if this vile habit is -indulged? A virtuous character is as precious to a colored woman as it -is to any woman. And with regard to men and women both, the Bible says, -“Whoremongers and adulterers God will judge.” - - - - -THE SABBATH. - - -Keep the Sabbath. Make it not a day of work nor of pleasure, but of -rest and of worship. The Bible says, “Remember the Sabbath-day to -keep it holy.” Cease on that day from all unnecessary work. Let -your families have rest also. Put on your best clothes--parents and -children both--and after you have prayed in your closet and prayed with -your family, then go to church, taking with you such of your family -as are old enough. Don’t idle about on the Lord’s day. If there is a -Sabbath-school, go to it yourselves, and take your children along with -you. If you follow these rules, you will grow wiser and better. It is -in this way that people are trained up for heaven. - - * * * * * - -These habits are, you see, all based on the Bible. It is God’s morality -we are recommending. And yet, after you have done all these things, you -have done nothing more than your duty. You must not make a religion -out of these good habits. That is, you must not think that these are -_all_ that religion requires. Religion demands these, and something -more. You must have “the broken heart,” sorrow for sin--sorrow before -God, because you have broken his laws. Religion bids you turn from all -sin--even sins of thought. It commands you to go to Jesus, that you may -have your sins washed away in his precious blood. It tells you that you -must put your whole trust in the Lord Jesus for salvation. Religion -calls upon you to love Jesus, and from love to do whatsoever he hath -commanded. - -This is the inward experience of religion. But all the good habits we -have been recommending are such as a religious person will practise. -If a man pretends to be religious, and is a bad man in his outward -conduct--if he loves to speak against his neighbors, or tells lies -about them, or steals, or swears, or is impure, he is not a religious -man; he is a hypocrite; and “that man’s religion,” the Bible says, “is -vain.” We want you to be religious and moral both. - - - - -LEARNING. - - -A great many good people are now engaged in teaching you to read and -write. This is very important; for then you can read the Bible and -other good books, and see your way to heaven clearer. Besides, some -learning is very necessary and useful in business, in writing letters, -and in many ways. While you were slaves, you were for the most part not -permitted to learn to read and write; but now you have the opportunity, -and you must give your attention to it. - -It is a new thing to you, this learning to read and write, and it may -come hard at first; but if you keep on, it will soon become easier. And -when you have once learned these, what a pleasant thing it will be to -you to write a letter, or to sit down in your own house and read all -about Jesus and salvation! - -You must see that your children learn also. Perhaps they will take it -quicker, and then they can read to you. How nice it will be, after your -day’s work or on the Sabbath, to listen to your children reading to -you out of the precious Bible! This will be one of the best blessings -connected with your new-found freedom. - - - - -A HOME. - - -One of the first things you should endeavor to secure to yourselves is -a home. Each family should aim at this. No matter how small your house -be, if it is a home, and _your_ home, there will be a charm about it. -I see not why every family among the freedmen may not obtain such a -home--where he can have his family to himself, and train his children -to good morals and religion. Freedom makes a home worth something. - -Get a house, then, as soon as you can; no matter how small or how poor -it is. Perhaps by your industry you may make it larger and better. Move -your family into it, and begin to live as one who is responsible to -God, and who is determined to show that slavery has not robbed him of -all his manhood. - -In this home have family worship. Pray with your family every morning, -asking God’s blessing in something like the following words: - - - - -MORNING PRAYER. - - -Our Father which art in heaven, we thank thee for keeping us safe -through the night. We thank thee for our sleep, which has done us so -much good. Grant now, O Lord, that we may have thy blessing through the -day. Help us to be diligent in business. Keep us from all harm and from -all wrong. Help us to do thy will in all things. O Lord, bless this -family; make us Christians; give us sorrow for all our sins, and pardon -them for Jesus’ sake. May we trust in Jesus alone for salvation. Help -us to obey all thy commands. May we love all men, even our enemies. May -we serve thee faithfully until we die; and then, O Lord, take us to -heaven, for Jesus’ sake. Amen. - -The evening prayer might be somewhat as follows: - - - - -EVENING PRAYER. - - -O Lord, we give thee thanks that thou hast preserved us through the -past day; that thou hast helped us to do our work, and hast not -suffered us to fall into any hurtful evils. Yet, Lord, we know and feel -that the day has not been without its temptations and sins. We have -done many things which we ought not to have done, and have left undone -many things which we ought to have done; and for these sins, O Lord, we -ask thy forgiveness. Oh, wash them all away in the blood of Jesus. Give -us hearts to love and obey thee more perfectly hereafter. - -Keep us, O Lord, through the night, from all harm. Give us peaceful -sleep. And when the night of death shall come, may we sleep in Jesus, -and awake in heaven. This we ask through Jesus Christ, our blessed -Redeemer. Amen. - -Learn also the Lord’s prayer, and help your children to learn it. You -should often say it as a morning prayer; going down upon your knees -with your little ones, and all repeating it aloud together. - - - - -THE LORD’S PRAYER. - - -“Our Father which art in heaven, hallowed be thy name. Thy kingdom -come. Thy will be done in earth, as it is in heaven. Give us this day -our daily bread. And forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors. -And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil; for thine is -the kingdom, and the power, and the glory, for ever. Amen.” - - * * * * * - -As soon as you learn to read, let your prayers be accompanied by the -reading daily of at least a few verses out of the Bible. Take great -pains also to teach your children to pray. There are a great many -pretty little prayers they can learn, and some of them are in verse. I -will give two of these, though I dare say some of you know them already. - - -PRAYER FOR A LITTLE CHILD ON GOING TO BED. - - “Now I lay me down to sleep, - I pray the Lord my soul to keep; - If I should die before I wake, - I pray the Lord my soul to take; - And this I beg for Jesus’ sake. Amen.” - - -CHILD’S MORNING PRAYER. - - “Now I awake, and see the light; - ’Tis God who kept me through the night. - To him I lift my voice, and pray - That he would keep me through the day. - If I should die before ’tis done, - O God, accept me through thy Son. Amen.” - -Teach your children to fear God and to keep his commandments. Train -them up for him. Remember they are given to you to be brought up for -some good and useful end. Let them have every advantage within your -reach for their improvement. And above all, set them a good example -yourselves, which will have more effect in making them good children -than any lessons which you or others may give them. - - - - -A HAPPY HOME. - - -Try to make your house a happy home for yourselves and for your -children. So far as you can, keep the children clean and neat. -Especially take care that they don’t learn bad ways, by getting into -the company of bad children. - -Make things as pleasant as you can in and around your house. What a -difference there is! Some cottages or cabins look very pretty, and some -look very bad. It is easy to tell what sort of people live in a house, -by the very looks of it. Dirty within and dirty without tells a bad -story of the inmates. On the other hand, when we pass a log-cabin where -things look tidy, we are apt to say to ourselves, “Some nice people -live there.” - -Now, when a stranger approaches your house, let him notice a pretty -garden-spot, with flowers and vegetables, all well kept. When he -enters, let his eye be cheered by seeing how nice every thing looks, -how well swept the floor is, how the tin things shine. Let him notice a -few books, with marks of study or reading upon them. Especially let him -see the Bible or Testament in daily use. As he glances around, it would -be pleasant if he could see a little picture here and there hanging on -the wall, or a flower-pot with a pretty pink or rose blooming in it, -showing that you have a liking for such things. He would say, “Well, -this looks like freedom. I think you must be quite a happy family.” - -Will any one say that such a picture of home comforts may not be seen -among the families of the freedmen? I trust that many who read this -little book, or hear it read, will say to themselves, “Well, I mean to -try and see if I can’t have such a home.” Try, then, and we believe -you will succeed. It will be a very pretty picture to show some who -maintain that it is useless to attempt to elevate or to improve the -condition of the colored race. - -These counsels are from your friends. We rejoice in your freedom, and -we long to see you improve it to the utmost, thus showing to the world -the superiority of a state of freedom under the _worst_ aspects over -that of slavery under the _best_. - - - - -TO SUM UP. - - -And now try to think over all the things mentioned in this little book, -and bear them in mind, so that every day they will keep you right. For -instance, say to yourself, I will be industrious. I wont lie around a -mere idler. And when I have work to do, I will be faithful and _do_ it. -I wont be an eye-servant, working only when my employer is looking at -me. - -Next, I will be clean. I will keep my body clean, and my house clean, -and my children clean; and this will remind me that I must be clean in -my thoughts. - -Then I will remember to save my wages, and not spend more than is -necessary, and to lay up something for a time of need. - -As to rum and other intoxicating liquors, I wont touch them, any more -than I would handle a fiery serpent. - -I will not steal even a small amount. If the devil says, Take it, I -will say, No; it isn’t mine; God has forbidden me to take it. - -I will guard my lips from lying. I will always speak the truth. Even if -it is against myself, I will still keep to the truth; for I know God -abhors the deceitful tongue. - -When I hear people taking God’s name in vain, I will say, That is very -wicked. Lord, help me to keep from this dreadful sin. - -And so also, when I am tempted to impurity, I will say as Joseph in the -Bible said, “How can I do this great wickedness, and sin against God?” -I will keep from such vice. - -I will remember the Sabbath too, and try to keep it holy. I will go to -church and prayer-meeting. I wont do any unnecessary work on that holy -day. - -Try to keep all these good resolutions, and ask God to _help_ you. You -need God’s help; and he will give it to you, if you pray for it. - -And now learn and say the following beautiful hymns, with which I will -close: - - -JUST AS I AM. - - Just as I am--without one plea, - But that thy blood was shed for me, - And that thou bidst me come to thee, - O Lamb of God, I come! - - Just as I am--and waiting not - To rid my soul of one dark blot, - To thee, whose blood can cleanse each spot, - O Lamb of God, I come! - - Just as I am--though tossed about - With many a conflict, many a doubt-- - Fightings within, and fears without, - O Lamb of God, I come! - - Just as I am--poor, wretched, blind-- - Sight, riches, healing of the mind, - Yea, all I need, in thee to find, - O Lamb of God, I come! - - Just as I am--thou wilt receive. - Wilt welcome, pardon, cleanse, relieve; - Because thy promise I believe, - O Lamb of God, I come! - - Just as I am--thy love, I own, - Has broken every barrier down; - Now to be thine, yea, thine alone, - O Lamb of God, I come! - - -HYMN. - - “A charge to keep I have; - A God to glorify; - A never-dying soul to save, - And fit it for the sky. - - To serve the present age, - My calling to fulfil: - Oh, may it all my powers engage, - To do my Master’s will. - - Arm me with jealous care, - As in thy sight to live; - And Oh, thy servant, Lord, prepare - A strict account to give. - - Help me to watch and pray; - And on thyself rely; - Assured if I my trust betray, - I shall for ever die.” - - - - -TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES: - - - Italicized text is surrounded by underscores: _italics_. - - Obvious typographical errors have been corrected. - - Archaic or variant spelling has been retained. - - The cover image for this eBook was created by the transcriber and is - entered into the public domain. - -*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK FRIENDLY COUNSELS FOR -FREEDMEN *** - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the -United States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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