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| author | nfenwick <nfenwick@pglaf.org> | 2025-01-22 09:54:07 -0800 |
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| committer | nfenwick <nfenwick@pglaf.org> | 2025-01-22 09:54:07 -0800 |
| commit | 0a475e08e1d68e386eff8176c2098060e4ab7aab (patch) | |
| tree | 8bb8a447526f21d351055488dea6623f124450fb /old/66922-h/66922-h.htm | |
| parent | 0987221684e614b823193a64ffa8c6cd71a80b22 (diff) | |
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*/ - position: absolute; - color: #A9A9A9; - left: 92%; - font-size: smaller; - text-align: right; - font-style: normal; - font-weight: normal; - font-variant: normal; - text-indent: .5em; -} - -/* blockquote (/# #/) */ -.blockquot { margin: .5em 5% .5em 5%; } -.blockquot p {padding-left: 1em; text-indent: -1em; text-align: justify;} - -/* sidenotes */ -.sidenote { - position: absolute; - left: 84%; - padding: .2em; - margin: 1.2em .3em 0 .5em; - text-align: left; - font-size: 80%; - color: black; - background: #eeeeee; - border: dashed thin; - font-style: normal; - font-weight: bold;} - -.x-ebookmaker .sidenote { - padding: .2em; - margin: 0 70% 0 0; - text-align: left; - font-size: 80%; - color: black; - background: #eeeeee; - border: dashed thin; - font-style: normal; - font-weight: bold;} - -/* general placement and presentation */ -.center {text-align: center; text-indent: 0em;} - -.smcap {font-variant: small-caps;} - -.lsp {letter-spacing: 0.1em;} -.lsp2 {letter-spacing: 0.3em;} -.lht {line-height: 1.7em;} -.lht2 {line-height: 2.3em;} - -/* Images */ -img { - border: none; - max-width: 100%; - height: auto; -} - -img.w100 {width: 100%;} - -.figcenter { - margin: auto; - text-align: center; - page-break-inside: avoid; - max-width: 100%;} - -/* Poetry */ -.poetry-container {text-align: center;} -.poetry {text-align: left; margin-left: 5%; margin-right: 5%;} -.poetry {display: inline-block; font-size: 100%} -.poetry .stanza {margin: 1em auto;} -.poetry .verse {text-indent: -3em; padding-left: 3em;} - -/* large inline blocks don't split well on paged devices */ -.x-ebookmaker .poetry {display: block; margin-left: 4.5em;} - -/* Transcriber's notes */ -.transnote {background-color: #E6E6FA; - color: black; - font-size:smaller; - padding:0.5em; - margin-bottom:5em; - font-family:sans-serif, serif; } - -.transnote p {text-indent: 0em;} - -/* custom cover (cover.jpg) */ -.customcover {visibility: hidden; display: none;} -.x-ebookmaker .customcover {visibility: visible; display: block;} - -/* Poetry indents */ -.poetry .indent0 {text-indent: -3em;} -.poetry .indent2 {text-indent: -2em;} -.poetry .indent8 {text-indent: 1em;} - -/* Illustration classes */ -.illowe5 {width: 5em;} -.illowe6_25 {width: 6.25em;} -.illowp100 {width: 100%;} -.illowp50 {width: 50%;} - - </style> - </head> - -<body> - -<div style='text-align:center; font-size:1.2em; font-weight:bold'>The Project Gutenberg eBook of An Account of Two Voyages to New-England, by John Josselyn</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and -most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online -at <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a>. If you -are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the -country where you are located before using this eBook. -</div> - -<p style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Title: An Account of Two Voyages to New-England</p> -<p style='display:block; margin-top:0; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:0;'>Made During the Years 1638, 1663</p> - -<div style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Author: John Josselyn</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Editor: William Veazie</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Release Date: December 11, 2021 [eBook #66922]</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Language: English</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Character set encoding: UTF-8</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Produced by: Steve Mattern, John Campbell and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive)</div> - -<div style='margin-top:2em; margin-bottom:4em'>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK AN ACCOUNT OF TWO VOYAGES TO NEW-ENGLAND ***</div> - - -<div class="transnote"> -<p><strong>TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE</strong></p> - -<p>This book was published in 1865. It was, as the Preface notes, a -“literal” and “exact” copy of the original book published in 1674, -and so retained the spelling, the punctuation and the copious -italicizing of the original. (The errata in the 1674 book were -applied.)</p> - -<p>This etext maintains this careful reproduction of the 1674 text, -with some exceptions that are noted at <a href="#TN">the end of the book</a>.</p> - -<p>The page numbers of the 1674 book are embedded in the text and -etext in [ ] brackets; for example [p. 75.]</p> - -<p>The 1865 publisher inserted two corrections in [ ] brackets; they -have been retained in this etext without change:<br /> -<span class="pad1"><a href="#tn-9">page 9</a>: “the Ships trine [trim?] a foot by the stern”</span><br /> -<span class="pad1"><a href="#tn-157">page 157</a>: “20 English miles, [leagues?] or 60 miles”.</span></p> - -<p>The dates in the book of course accord with the Julian calendar. -Dual dating was (sometimes) used for events between January 1st -and March 25th (the end of a Julian year), for example on <a href="#tn-204a">page -204</a>: “the 24 of <em>January</em> 1659/60 landed at”. -</p> - -<p class="customcover">The cover image was created by the transcriber -and is placed in the public domain.</p> -</div> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> -<div class="chapter"></div> - -<div class="figcenter illowp100" id="title-1-250" style="max-width: 15.625em;"> - <img class="p6 w100" src="images/title-1-250.jpg" alt="Decorative banner" /> -</div> - -<p class="p2 pfs150">TWO VOYAGES</p> - -<p class="p2 pfs70">TO</p> - -<p class="p1 pfs180 lsp">NEW-ENGLAND.</p> - -<div class="figcenter illowe5" id="title-2-80"> - <img class="w100" src="images/title-2-80.jpg" alt="" /> -</div> - -<hr class="p4 chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> -<div class="chapter"></div> - -<h1> -<em>AN ACCOUNT</em><br /> -<span class="fs60">OF</span><br /> -<span class="fs150 lsp2">TWO VOYAGES</span><br /> -<span class="fs60">TO</span><br /> -<em>NEW-ENGLAND</em>,</h1> - -<p class="p1 pfs150">Made during the years 1638, 1663.</p> - -<p class="p2 pfs120 lsp"><em>By JOHN JOSSELYN, Gent.</em></p> - -<div class="figcenter illowe6_25" id="title-3-100"> - <img class="w100" src="images/title-3-100.jpg" alt="" /> -</div> - -<p class="p2 pfs120 lsp2 antiqua">Boston:</p> - -<p class="p1 pfs100 lsp">WILLIAM VEAZIE.</p> - -<p class="p1 pfs70">MDCCCLXV.</p> - - -<hr class="p4 chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> -<div class="chapter"></div> - -<p class="p6 pfs90 antiqua">Two Hundred and Fifty Copies printed, Small Quarto.</p> - -<p class="p6 pfs90"><em>Riverside, Cambridge</em>:</p> -<p class="pfs90">Printed by <span class="smcap">H. O. Houghton & Co.</span></p> - - -<hr class="p6 chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> -<div class="chapter"> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_v"></a>[Pg v]</span><br /></p> -</div> - -<div class="figcenter illowp100" id="pref-1-500" style="max-width: 31.25em;"> - <img class="w100" src="images/pref-1-500.jpg" alt="" /> -</div> - -<h2 class="p2 nobreak" id="PUBLISHERS_PREFACE">PUBLISHER’S PREFACE.</h2> - -<hr class="r10" /> - -<div><img class="drop-cap" src="images/pref-t-100.jpg" alt="" /></div> - -<p class="drop-cap">The work published by Josselyn in 1672, entitled -“New England’s Rarities discovered,” -which has been reprinted in a similar -form, and as a companion volume to -the present, contains a full and detailed account of the -family of the author, with many curious facts relating to -the personal history of this early explorer of New England; -but it has been thought expedient to prefix to his -narrative a genealogical chart of the family, copied from -a paper among the Harleian MSS. in the British Museum, -the substance of which has been printed in the -“New England Historical and Genealogical Register,” -and which is now kindly furnished for publication by -Samuel G. Drake, Esq. The table now published will -be found generally to confirm the information given in -the account of the family already published.</p> - -<p>The first of the “Two Voyages” of Josselyn, of which -he gives an account in the present work, was undertaken<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_vi"></a>[vi]</span> -in the year 1638, only eight years after the settlement of -Boston, and when, to use his own words, “it was rather a -village than a town, there being not above twenty or thirty -houses;” while the second visit of the author to New England -took place in 1663, after an absence of twenty-five -years, and when the town had assumed the proportions of a -flourishing seaport. On this occasion he appears to have -remained in New England for eight years, the principal -part of which was spent on the plantation of his brother, -Henry Josselyn, at Black Point.</p> - -<p>This work is the latest of the author’s productions, -and was not given to the public until 1674. It was reprinted -by the Massachusetts Historical Society in 1833, -and may be found in the third volume of the third series -of their collections. Josselyn’s observations on the natural -history of the country, his descriptions of the various -plants and notices of their medicinal effects, are more full -and exact in the present work than in the “New England’s -Rarities,” printed two years earlier, and must be -considered as among the most valuable of those given by -the early botanists of New England.</p> - -<p>The political and theological opinions of Josselyn were -not in accordance with those generally received in the -Colonies, particularly in the later years of his life. On -this subject, Prof. Tuckerman, in his Introduction to the -work last mentioned, remarks that, “In the account of his -first voyage, there is no appearance of that dislike to the<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_vii"></a>[vii]</span> -Massachusetts government and people which is observable -in the narrative of the second; and may there not unfairly -be connected with his brother’s political and religious -differences with Massachusetts.” There is sufficient evidence -in this work to show that the sympathies of the -author were enlisted in the royal cause, and there appears -to be little ground for admitting his supposed complicity -in the fruitless insurrection in the north of England in -1663, or his identity with the “Capt. John Jossline” mentioned -by the late Rev. Joseph Hunter in his account of -the family.</p> - -<p>The chronological table appended to his “New-England’s -Rarities” is greatly enlarged in the present work, -and continued to the year 1674.</p> - -<p>In reprinting this rare and curious volume, great care -has been taken to make it a <em>literal</em> and <em>exact copy</em> of the -original, the proofs having been carefully collated with a -copy of the work belonging to the Library of Harvard -College.</p> - -<p class="p1 fs80"><span class="smcap">Boston</span>, <em>June 15, 1865</em>.</p> - - - -<hr class="p4 chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> -<div class="chapter"></div> - -<p class="pfs100">AN</p> - -<p class="pfs240 lsp2">ACCOUNT</p> - -<p class="pfs100">OF TWO</p> - -<p class="pfs240 lsp2">VOYAGES</p> - -<p class="pfs100">TO</p> - -<p class="pfs180">NEW-ENGLAND.</p> - -<p class="negin1">Wherein you have the setting out of a Ship, With the -charges; The prices of all necessaries for furnishing a -Planter & his Family at his first coming; A Description -of the Country, Natives and Creatures; The Government -of the Countrey as it is now possessed by the -<em>English</em>, &c. A large Chronological Table of the most -remarkable passages from the first discovering of the -Continent of <em>America</em>, to the year 1673.<br /><br /></p> - -<hr class="full" /> -<p class="center">By <em>John Josselyn</em> Gent.</p> -<hr class="full" /> -<p class="center">The Second Addition.</p> -<hr class="full" /> - -<p class="pfs90">Memner. distich rendred English by Dr. <em>Heylin</em>.</p> - -<div class="poetry-container fs90"> -<div class="poetry"> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>Heart, take thine ease,</em></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>Men hard to please</em></div> - <div class="verse indent2"><em>Thou haply might’st offend,</em></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>Though one speak ill</em></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>Of thee, some will</em></div> - <div class="verse indent2"><em>Say better; there’s an end.</em></div> -</div> -</div> - -<p class="p1 pfs90"><em>London</em> Printed for <em>G. Widdowes</em> at the <em>Green Dragon</em> in St.<br /> -<em>Pauls</em> Church-yard, 1675.</p> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> -<div class="chapter"></div> - -<p class="p6 pfs120 lsp2"><em>LICENSED</em></p> - -<p class="p1 pfs100">BY</p> - -<p class="pfs150">Roger L’estrange,</p> - -<p class="p2 negin2x"><em>Novemb.</em> the<br /> -28. 1673.</p> - - -<hr class="p6 chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> -<div class="chapter"></div> - -<div class="lht"> -<p class="p3 pfs100 lsp">TO THE</p> - -<p class="pfs100 lsp">RIGHT HONOURABLE,</p> - -<p class="pfs100">AND</p> - -<p class="pfs135">MOST ILLUSTRIOUS</p> - -<p class="pfs100">THE</p> - -<p class="pfs150">President & Fellows</p> - -<p class="pfs100">OF THE</p> - -<p class="pfs150 lsp2"><span class="smcap">Royal Society</span>:</p> - -<p class="pfs100">The following Account of Two</p> - -<p class="pfs240 lsp2">VOYAGES</p> - -<p class="pfs100">TO</p> - -<p class="pfs150">New-England,</p> - -<p class="pfs135">Is Most Humbly presented</p> - -<p class="pfs135">By the Authour</p> - -<p class="pfs135 pad8"><em>John Josselyn</em>.</p> -</div> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> -<div class="chapter"> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_5"></a>[Pg 5]</span><br /></p> -</div> - -<div class="figcenter illowp100" id="rel1-500" style="max-width: 31.25em;"> - <img class="w100" src="images/rel1-500.jpg" alt="" /> -</div> - - -<p class="p2 pfs100">A</p> - -<p class="pfs240 lsp">RELATION</p> - -<p class="pfs100">OF TWO</p> - -<p class="pfs180 lsp2">VOYAGES</p> - -<p class="pfs100">TO</p> - -<p class="pfs180">New-England.</p> - -<hr class="full" /> -<h2 class="nobreak" id="The_first_Voyage"><em>The first Voyage.</em></h2> -<hr class="full" /> - -<div class="p2"><img class="drop-cap" src="images/rel2-100.jpg" alt="" /></div> - -<p class="drop-cap"><em>Anno Dom.</em> 1638. <em>April</em> the 26th being <em>Thursday</em>, -I came to <em>Gravesend</em> and went aboard the -<i>New Supply</i>, <em>alias</em>, the <i>Nicholas of London</i>, a -Ship of good force, of 300 Tuns burden, carrying 20 Sacre -and Minion, man’d with 48 Sailers, the Master <em>Robert -Taylor</em>, the Merchant or undertaker Mr. <em>Edward Tinge</em>, -with 164 Passengers men, women and children.</p> - -<p>[p. 2.] At <em>Gravesend</em> I began my Journal, from -whence we departed on the 26. of <em>April</em>, about Six of -the clock at night, and went down into the <em>Hope</em>.</p> - -<p>The 27. being <em>Fryday</em>, we set sail out of the <em>Hope</em>, and -about Nine of the clock at night we came to an Anchor -in <em>Margaret</em>-Road in three fathom and a half water: by -the way we past a States man of war, of 500 Tun, cast<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_6"></a>[6]</span> -away a month before upon the <em>Goodwin</em>, nothing remaining -visible above water but her main mast top, 16 of -her men were drowned, the rest saved by Fishermen.</p> - -<p>The 28. we twined into the Downs, where Captain -<em>Clark</em> one of His Majesties Captains in the Navy, came -aboard of us in the afternoon, and prest two of our -Trumpeters. Here we had good store of Flounders from -the Fishermen, new taken out of the Sea and living, -which being readily gutted, were fry’d while they were -warm; me thoughts I never tasted of a delicater Fish in -all my life before.</p> - -<p>The Third of <em>May</em> being <em>Ascension</em> day, in the afternoon -we weighed out of the <em>Downs</em>, the wind at <em>E.</em> and ran -down into <em>Dover</em> Road, and lay by the lee, whilst they -sent the Skiffe ashore for one of the Masters mates: by the -way we past <em>Sandwich</em> in the [p. 3.] <em>Hope</em>, <em>Sandown-Castle</em>, -<em>Deal</em>; So we steered away for <em>Doniesse</em>, from thence we -steered <em>S. W. ½S.</em> for the <em>Beachie</em>, about one of the clock -at night the wind took us a stayes with a gust, rain, thunder -and lightning, and now a Servant of one of the passengers -sickned of the small pox.</p> - -<p>The Fifth day in the afternoon we Anchored, the <em>Isle</em> of -<em>Wight</em> <em>W. N. W.</em> 10 leagues off, <em>Beachie</em> <em>E. N. E.</em> 8 -leagues off, rode in 32 fathom water at low water, at 8 -of the clock at night the land over the Needles bore <em>N. -W.</em> 4 leagues off, we steered <em>W.</em> afore the Start, at noon -the Boult was <em>N. W.</em> by <em>W.</em> about 3½ leagues off, we -were becalmed from 7 of the clock in the morning, till -12 of the clock at noon, where we took good store of -<em>Whitings</em>, and half a score <em>Gurnets</em>, this afternoon an infinite -number of <em>Porpisces</em> shewed themselves above water<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_7"></a>[7]</span> -round about the Ship, as far as we could kenn, the night -proved tempestuous with much lightning and thunder.</p> - -<p>The Sixth day being <em>Sunday</em>, at five of the clock at -night the <em>Lizard</em> was <em>N. W.</em> by <em>W.</em> 6 leagues off, and the -<em>Blackhead</em> which is to the westward of <em>Falmouth</em> was <em>N. -W.</em> about 5 leagues off.</p> - -<p>The Seventh day the uttermost part of <em>Silly</em> was <em>N. E.</em> -12 leagues off, and now we began to sail by the logg.</p> - -<p>[p. 4.] The Eighth day, one <em>Boremans</em> man a passenger -was duck’d at the main yards arm (for being drunk -with his Masters strong waters which he stole) thrice, and -fire given to two whole Sacree, at that instant. Two mighty -Whales we now saw, the one spouted water through two -great holes in her head into the Air a great height, and -making a great noise with puffing and blowing, the Seamen -called her a Soufler; the other was further off, about -a league from the Ship, fighting with the Sword-fish, and -the Flail-fish, whose stroakes with a fin that growes upon -her back like a flail, upon the back of the Whale, we -heard with amazement: when presently some more than -half as far again we spied a spout from above, it came -pouring down like a River of water; So that if they -should light in any Ship, she were in danger to presently -sunk down into the Sea, and falleth with such an extream -violence all whole together as one drop, or as water out -of a Vessel, and dured a quarter of an hour, making the -Sea to boyle like a pot, and if any Vessel be near, it sucks -it in. I saw many of these spouts afterwards at nearer -distance. In the afternoon the Mariners struck a Porpisce, -called also a <em>Marsovius</em> or Sea-hogg, with an harping<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_8"></a>[8]</span> -Iron, and hoisted her aboard, [p. 5.] they cut some -of it into thin pieces, and fryed, it tasts like rusty Bacon, -or hung Beef, if not worse; but the Liver boiled and -soused sometime in Vinegar is more grateful to the pallat. -About 8 of the clock at night, a flame settled upon the -main mast, it was about the bigness of a great Candle, -and is called by our Seamen St. <em>Elmes</em> fire, it comes before -a storm, and is commonly thought to be a Spirit; if -two appear they prognosticate safety: These are known -to the learned by the names of <em>Castor</em> and <em>Pollux</em>, to the -<em>Italians</em> by St. <em>Nicholas</em> and St. <em>Hermes</em>, by the <em>Spaniards</em> -called <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Corpos Santos</i>.</p> - -<p>The Ninth day, about two of the clock in the afternoon, -we found the head of our main mast close to the cap -twisted and shivered, and we presently after found the -fore-top-mast crackt a little above the cap; So they -wolled them both, and about two of the clock in the -morning 7 new long Boat oars brake away from our Starboard -quarter with a horrid crack.</p> - -<p>The Eleventh day, they observed and made the Ship -to be in latitude 48 degrees 46 minuts, having a great -Sea all night; about 6 of the clock in the morning we -spake with Mr. <em>Rupe</em> in a Ship of <em>Dartmouth</em>, which -came from <em>Marcelloes</em>; and now is <em>Silly</em> <em>N. E.</em> by <em>E.</em> 34 -leagues off; [p. 6.] about 9 of the clock at night we -sounded, and had 85 fathom water, small brownish pepperie -sand, with a small piece of <em>Hakes</em> Tooth, and now -we are 45 leagues off the <em>Lizard</em>, great Seas all night, -and now we see to the <em>S. W.</em> six tall Ships, the wind being -<em>S. W.</em></p> - -<p>The Twelfth day being <em>Whitsunday</em>, at prayer-time we<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_9"></a>[9]</span> -<a id="tn-9"></a>found the Ships trine [trim?] a foot by the stern, and -also the partie that was sick of the small pox now dyed, -whom we buried in the Sea, tying a bullet (as the manner -is) to his neck, and another to his leggs, turned him -out at a Port-hole, giving fire to a great Gun. In the -afternoon one <em>Martin Ivy</em> a stripling, servant to Captain -<em>Thomas Cammock</em> was whipt naked at the Cap-stern, with -a Cat with Nine tails, for filching 9 great Lemmons out -of the <em>Chirurgeons</em> Cabbin, which he eat rinds and all in -less than an hours time.</p> - -<p>The Thirteenth day we took a Sharke, a great one, and -hoisted him aboard with his two Companions (for there -is never a Sharke, but hath a mate or two) that is the -Pilot-fish or Pilgrim, which lay upon his back close to a -long finn; the other fish (somewhat bigger than the Pilot) -about two foot long, called a <em>Remora</em>, it hath no scales -and sticks close to the Sharkes belly. [p. 7.] So the -Whale hath the Sea-gudgeon, a small fish for his mate, -marching before him, and guiding him; which I have -seen likewise. The Seamen divided the Sharke into quarters, -and made more quarter about it than the Purser, -when he makes five quarters of an Oxe, and after they -had cooked him, he proved very rough Grain’d not worthy -of wholesome preferment; but in the afternoon we -took store of <em>Bonitoes</em>, or Spanish <em>Dolphins</em>, a fish about -the size of a large Mackarel, beautified with admirable -varietie of glittering colours in the water, and was excellent -food.</p> - -<p>The Fourteenth day we spake with a <em>Plimouth</em> man -(about dinner time) bound for <em>New-found-land</em>, who having -gone up west-ward sprang a leak, and now bore back<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_10"></a>[10]</span> -for <em>Plimouth</em>. Now was <em>Silly</em> 50 leagues off, and now -many of the passengers fall sick of the small Pox and -Calenture.</p> - -<p>The Sixteenth Mr. <em>Clarke</em>, who came out of the <em>Downs</em> -with us, and was bound for the Isle of <em>Providence</em>, one -of the summer Islands; the <em>Spaniards</em> having taken it -a little before, though unknown to <em>Clarke</em>, and to Captain -<em>Nathaniel Butler</em> going Governour, they departed from -us the Wind <em>N. W.</em> great Seas and stormie winds all -night.</p> - -<p>[p. 8.] The Seventeenth day, the wind at <em>N. W.</em> about -8 of the clock we saw 5 great Ships bound for the <em>Channel</em>, -which was to the Westward of us, about two leagues -off, we thought them to be <em>Flemmings</em>; here we expected -to have met with Pirates, but were happily deceived.</p> - -<p>The One and twentieth day, the wind <em>S.</em> by <em>W.</em> great -Seas and Wind, in’d our courses, and tryed from 5 of -the clock afternoon, till 4 in the morning, the night being -very stormie and dark; we lost Mr. <em>Goodlad</em> and his Ship, -who came out with us, and bound for <em>Boston</em> in <em>New-England</em>.</p> - -<p>The Eight and twentieth day, all this while a very great -grown Sea and mighty winds.</p> - -<p><em>June</em> the first day in the afternoon, very thick foggie -weather, we sailed by an inchanted Island, saw a great -deal of filth and rubbish floating by the Ship, heard -<em>Cawdimawdies</em>, <em>Sea-gulls</em> and <em>Crowes</em>, (Birds that always -frequent the shoar) but could see nothing by reason of the -mist: towards Sunset, when we were past the Island, it -cleared up.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_11"></a>[11]</span></p> - -<p>The Fourteenth day of <em>June</em>, very foggie weather, we -sailed by an Island of Ice (which lay on the Star-board -side) three leagues in length mountain high, in form of -[p. 9.] land, with Bayes and Capes like high clift land, -and a River pouring off it into the Sea. We saw likewise -two or three Foxes, or Devils skipping upon it. -These Islands of Ice are congealed in the North, and -brought down in the spring-time with the Current to the -banks on this side <em>New-found-land</em>, and there stopt, where -they dissolve at last to water; by that time we had sailed -half way by it, we met with a <em>French</em> Pickeroon. Here -it was as cold as in the middle of <em>January</em> in <em>England</em>, -and so continued till we were some leagues beyond it.</p> - -<p>The Sixteenth day we sounded, and found 35 fathom -water, upon the bank of <em>New-found-land</em>, we cast out our -hooks for Cod-fish, thick foggie weather, the Codd being -taken on a Sunday morning, the Sectaries aboard threw -those their servants took into the Sea again, although -they wanted fresh victuals, but the Sailers were not so -nice, amongst many that were taken, we had some that -were wasted Fish, & it is observable and very strange, that -fishes bodies do grow slender with age, their Tails and -Heads retaining their former bigness; Fish of all Creatures -have generally the biggest heads, and the first part -that begins to taint in a fish is the head.</p> - -<p>The Nineteenth day, Captain <em>Thomas Cammock</em> [p. 10.] -(a near kinsman of the Earl of <em>Warwicks</em>) now had another -lad <em>Thomas Jones</em>, that dyed of the small pox at -eight of the clock at night.</p> - -<p>The Twentieth day, we saw a great number of Sea-bats, -or Owles, called also flying fish, they are about the bigness<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_12"></a>[12]</span> -of a Whiting, with four tinsel wings, with which they fly -as long as they are wet, when pursued by other fishes. -Here likewise we saw many Grandpisces or Herring-hogs, -hunting the scholes of Herrings, in the afternoon we saw -a great fish called the <em>vehuella</em> or Sword fish, having a -long, strong and sharp finn like a Sword-blade on the top -of his head, with which he pierced our Ship, and broke -it off with striving to get loose, one of our Sailers dived -and brought it aboard.</p> - -<p>The One and twentieth day, we met with two <em>Bristow</em> -men bound for <em>New-England</em>, and now we are 100 and -75 leagues off <em>Cape-Sable</em>, the sandy <em>Cape</em>, for so <em>Sable</em> in -French signifieth, off of which lyeth the Isle of <em>Sable</em>, -which is beyond <em>New-found-land</em>, where they take the -<em>Amphibious</em> Creature, the <em>Walrus</em>, <em>Mors</em>, or <em>Sea-Horse</em>.</p> - -<p>The Two and twentieth, another passenger dyed of a -Consumption. Now we passed by the Southern part of -<em>New-found-land</em>, [p. 11.] within sight of it; the Southern -part of <em>New-found-land</em> is said to be not above 600 -leagues from <em>England</em>.</p> - -<p>The Six and twentieth day, Capt. <em>Thomas Cammock</em> -went aboard of a Barke of 300 Tuns, laden with Island -Wine, and but 7 men in her, and never a Gun, bound -for <em>Richmonds</em> Island, set out by Mr. <em>Trelaney</em>, of <em>Plimouth</em>, -exceeding hot weather now.</p> - -<p>The Eight and twentieth, one of Mr. <em>Edward Ting’s</em> -the undertakers men now dyed of the Phthisick.</p> - -<p>The Nine and twentieth day, sounded at night, and -found 120 fathome water, the head of the Ship struck -against a rock; At 4 of the clock we descryed two sail -bound for <em>New-found-land</em>, and so for the <em>Streights</em>, they<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_13"></a>[13]</span> -told us of a general Earth-quake in <em>New-England</em>, of the -Birth of a Monster at <em>Boston</em>, in the <em>Massachusets-Bay</em> a -mortality, and now we are two leagues off <em>Cape Ann</em>.</p> - -<p>The Thirtieth day proved stormie, and having lost the -sight of the Land, we saw none untill the morning; -doubtfully discovering the Coast, fearing the Lee-shore -all night we bore out to Sea.</p> - -<p><em>July</em> the first day, we sounded at 8 of the clock at -night, and found 93 fathome water, descried land.</p> - -<p>The Third day, we Anchored in the <em>Bay</em> of [p. 12.] -<em>Massachusets</em> before <em>Boston</em>. Mr. <em>Tinges</em> other man now -dyed of the small pox.</p> - -<p>The Tenth day, I went a shore upon <em>Noddles Island</em> to -Mr. <em>Samuel Maverick</em> (for my passage) the only hospitable -man in all the Countrey, giving entertainment to all -Comers <em>gratis</em>.</p> - -<p>Now before I proceed any further, it will not be Impertinent -to give the intending planter some Instructions -for the furnishing of himself with things necessary, and -for undertaking the Transport of his Family, or any -others.</p> - -<p>To which end observe, that a Ship of 150 Tuns, with -2 Decks and a half, and 26 men, with 12 pieces of -Ordnance, the charge will amount <em>per</em> moneth, with the -Mariners, to 120 pound <em>per</em> moneth. It is better to let -the Owners undertake for the Victualling of the Mariners, -and their pay for Wages, and the Transporter only -to take care of the passengers.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_14"></a>[14]</span></p> - - -<p class="p1 center"><em>The common proportion of Victuals for the Sea to a Mess, -being 4 men, is as followeth</em>;</p> - -<div class="blockquot"> -<p>Two pieces of Beef, of 3 pound and ¼ <em>per</em> piece.</p> - -<p>Four pound of <em>Bread</em>.</p> - -<p>One pint ½ of <em>Pease</em>.</p> - -<p>[p. 13.] Four Gallons of <em>Bear</em>, with <em>Mustard</em> and <em>Vinegar</em> -for three flesh dayes in the week.</p> -</div> - -<p class="center">For four fish dayes, to each mess <em>per</em> day.</p> - -<div class="blockquot"> -<p>Two pieces of <em>Codd</em> or <em>Habberdine</em>, making three pieces -of a fish.</p> - -<p>One quarter of a pound of <em>Butter</em>.</p> - -<p>Four pound of <em>Bread</em>.</p> - -<p>Three quarters of a pound of <em>Cheese</em>.</p> -</div> - -<p class="center"><em>Bear</em> as before.</p> - -<div class="blockquot"> -<p><em>Oatmeal per</em> day, for 50 men, Gallon 1. and so proportionable -for more or fewer.</p> -</div> - -<p>Thus you see the Ships provision, is <em>Beef</em> or <em>Porke</em>, -<em>Fish</em>, <em>Butter</em>, <em>Cheese</em>, <em>Pease</em>, <em>Pottage</em>, <em>Water-gruel</em>, <em>Bisket</em>, -and six shilling <em>Bear</em>.</p> - -<p>For private fresh provision, you may carry with you -(in case you, or any of yours should be sick at Sea) Conserves -of <em>Roses</em>, <em>Clove-Gilliflowers</em>, <em>Wormwood</em>, <em>Green-Ginger</em>, -<em>Burnt-Wine</em>, English <em>Spirits</em>, <em>Prunes</em> to stew, <em>Raisons</em> -of the <em>Sun</em>, <em>Currence</em>, <em>Sugar</em>, <em>Nutmeg</em>, <em>Mace</em>, <em>Cinnamon</em>, -<em>Pepper</em> and <em>Ginger</em>, White <em>Bisket</em>, or <em>Spanish rusk</em>, <em>Eggs</em>, -<em>Rice</em>, <em>juice of Lemmons</em> well put up to cure, or prevent the -Scurvy. Small <em>Skillets</em>, <em>Pipkins</em>, <em>Porrengers</em>, and small -<em>Frying pans</em>.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_15"></a>[15]</span></p> - -<p>To prevent or take away Sea sickness, Conserve of -<em>Wormwood</em> is very proper, but these following Troches I -prefer before it.</p> - -<p>First make paste of <em>Sugar</em> and <em>Gum-Dragagant</em> mixed -together, then mix therewith [p. 14.] a reasonable quantitie -of the powder of <em>Cinnamon</em> and <em>Ginger</em>, and if you -please a little <em>Musk</em> also, and make it up into Roules of -several fashions, which you may gild, of this when you are -troubled in your Stomach, take and eat a quantity according -to discretion.</p> - - -<p class="p1 center"><em>Apparel for one man, and after the rate for more.</em></p> - - -<table class="autotable" width="90%" summary=""> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr"><em>l.</em></td> -<td class="tdr"><em>s.</em></td> -<td class="tdr"><em>d.</em></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">One Hatt</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">3</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">One <em>Monmouth</em> Cap</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">1</td> -<td class="tdr">10</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Three falling bands</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">1</td> -<td class="tdr">3</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Three Shirts</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">7</td> -<td class="tdr">6</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">One Wastcoat</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">2</td> -<td class="tdr">6</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">One suit of Frize</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">19</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">One suit of Cloth</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">15</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">One suit of Canvas</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">7</td> -<td class="tdr">6</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Three pair of <em>Irish</em> Stockins</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">5</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Four pair of Shoos</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">8</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">One pair of Canvas Sheets</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">8</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Seven ells of course Canvas to make a bed at -Sea for two men, to be filled with straw</td> -<td class="tdrt"><span class="fs150">}</span></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">5</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">One course Rug at Sea for two men</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">6</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr" colspan="3">—————</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdr"><em>Sum Total.</em></td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">4</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr" colspan="3">—————</td> -</tr> -</table> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_16"></a>[16]</span></p> - - -<p class="p1 center">[p. 15] <em>Victuals for a whole year to be carried out of</em> -England <em>for one man, and so for more after the rate</em>.</p> - -<table class="autotable" width="90%" summary=""> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr"> <em>l.</em></td> -<td class="tdr"> <em>s.</em></td> -<td class="tdr"> <em>d.</em></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Eight bushels of <em>Meal</em></td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">2</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Two bushels of <em>Pease</em> at three shillings a bushel</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">6</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Two bushels of <em>Oatmeal</em>, at four and six pence the bushel</td> -<td class="tdrt"><span class="fs150">}</span></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">9</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">One Gallon of <em>Aqua vitæ</em></td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">2</td> -<td class="tdr">6</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">One Gallon of <em>Oyl</em></td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">3</td> -<td class="tdr">6</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Two Gallons of <em>Vinegar</em></td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">2</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -</table> - -<p class="p1 center">Note.</p> - -<p>Of <em>Sugar</em> and <em>Spice</em>, 8 pound make the stone, 13 stone -and an half, <em>i. e.</em> 100 pound maketh the hundred, but -your best way is to buy your <em>Sugar</em> there, for it is cheapest, -but for Spice you must carry it over with you.</p> - -<table class="autotable" width="90%" summary=""> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr"> <em>l.</em></td> -<td class="tdr"> <em>s.</em></td> -<td class="tdr"> <em>d.</em></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">A Hogshead of <em>English</em> Beef will cost</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">5</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">A Hogshead of <em>Irish</em> Beef will cost</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">2</td> -<td class="tdr">10</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">A Barrel of <em>Oatmeal</em></td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">13</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">A Hogshead of <em>Aqua vitæ</em> will cost</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">4</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">A Hogshead of <em>Vinegar</em></td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">1</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">A bushel of <em>Mustard-seed</em></td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">6</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -</table> - -<p>[p. 16.] A <em>Kental</em> of fish, Cod or Habberdine is 112 -pound, will cost if it be merchantable fish, Two or three -and thirty Rials a <em>Kental</em>, if it be refuse you may have it -for 10 or 11 shillings a <em>Kental</em>.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_17"></a>[17]</span><br /></p> - - -<p class="center"><em>Wooden Ware.</em></p> - -<table class="autotable" width="90%" summary=""> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr"> <em>l</em>.</td> -<td class="tdr"> <em>s</em>.</td> -<td class="tdr"> <em>d</em>.</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">A pair of Bellowes</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">2</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">A Skoope</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">9</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">A pair of Wheels for a Cart, if you buy them in the Countrey, -they will cost 3 or 4 pound</td> -<td class="tdrt"><span class="fs150">}</span></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">14</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Wheelbarrow you may have there, in <em>England</em> they cost</td> -<td class="tdrt"><span class="fs150">}</span></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">6</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">A great pail in <em>England</em> will cost</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">10</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">A Boat called a Canow, will cost in the Countrey -(with a pair of Paddles) if it be a good one</td> -<td class="tdrt"><span class="fs150">}</span></td> -<td class="tdr">3</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">A short Oake ladder in <em>England</em> will cost but</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">10</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">A Plough</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">3</td> -<td class="tdr">9</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">An Axletree</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">8</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">A Cart</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">10</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">For a casting shovel</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">10</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">For a shovel</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">6</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">For a Sack</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">2</td> -<td class="tdr">4</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">For a Lanthorn</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">1</td> -<td class="tdr">3</td> -</tr> -</table> - -<p class="negin1a"><em>For Tobacco pipes short steels, and great bouls</em> -14 <em>pence and</em> 16 <em>pence the grose.</em></p> - -<table class="autotable" width="90%" summary=""> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">[p. 17.] For clipping an hundred sheep in <em>England</em></td> -<td class="tdrt"><span class="fs150">}</span></td> -<td class="tdr"> 0</td> -<td class="tdr"> 4</td> -<td class="tdr"> 6</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">For winding the Wool</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">8</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">For washing them</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">2</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">For one Garnish of Peuter</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">2</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -</table> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_18"></a>[18]</span></p> - - -<p class="p1 center"><em>Prizes of Iron Ware</em>.</p> - -<p class="negin1a"><em>Arms for one man, but if half of your men have -Armour it is sufficient so that all have pieces -and swords.</em></p> - -<table class="autotable" width="90%" summary=""> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr"> <em>l</em>.</td> -<td class="tdr"> <em>s</em>.</td> -<td class="tdr"> <em>d</em>.</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">One Armour compleat, light</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">17</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">One long piece five foot, or five and a half near Musket bore</td> -<td class="tdrt"><span class="fs150">}</span></td> -<td class="tdr">1</td> -<td class="tdr">2</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">One Sword</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">5</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">One Bandaleer</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">1</td> -<td class="tdr">6</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">One Belt</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">1</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Twenty pound of powder</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">18</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Sixty pound of shot or lead, pistol and Goose shot</td> -<td class="tdrt"><span class="fs150">}</span></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">5</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -</table> - -<p class="negin1a"><em>Tools for a Family of Six persons, and so after -the rate for more.</em></p> - -<table class="autotable" width="90%" summary=""> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Five broad howes at two shillings a piece</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">10</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Five narrow howes at 16 pence a piece</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">6</td> -<td class="tdr">8</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">[p. 18.] Five felling Axes at 18 pence a piece</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">7</td> -<td class="tdr">6</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Two steel hand-sawes at 16 pence the piece</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">2</td> -<td class="tdr">8</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Two hand-sawes at 5 shillings a piece</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">10</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">One whip saw, set and filed with box</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">10</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">A file and wrest</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">10</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Two Hammers 12 pence a piece</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">2</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Three shovels 18 pence a piece shod</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">4</td> -<td class="tdr">6</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Two spades 18 pence a piece</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">3</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Two Augars</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">1</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Two broad Axes at 3 shillings 8 pence a piece<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_19"></a>[19]</span></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">7</td> -<td class="tdr">4</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Six Chissels</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">3</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Three Gimblets</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">6</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Two Hatchets One and twenty pence a piece</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">3</td> -<td class="tdr">6</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Two froues to cleave pail at 18 pence a piece</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">3</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Two hand-bills at 20 pence a piece</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">3</td> -<td class="tdr">4</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Nails of all sorts to be valued</td> -<td class="tdr">2</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Two pick-Axes</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">3</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Three Locks, and 3 pair of Fetters</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">5</td> -<td class="tdr">10</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Two Currie Combs</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">11</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">For a Brand to brand Beasts with</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">6</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">For a Chain and lock for a Boat</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">2</td> -<td class="tdr">2</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">For a Coulter weighing 10 pound</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">3</td> -<td class="tdr">4</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">For a Hand-vise</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">2</td> -<td class="tdr">6</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">[p. 19.] For a Pitch-fork</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">1</td> -<td class="tdr">4</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">For one hundred weight of Spikes</td> -<td class="tdr">2</td> -<td class="tdr">5</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Nails and pins 120, to the hundred</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">For a share</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">2</td> -<td class="tdr">11</td> -</tr> -</table> - -<p class="negin1a"><em>Houshould Implements for a Family of six persons, -and so for more or less after the rate.</em></p> - -<table class="autotable" width="90%" summary=""> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">One Iron Pot</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">7</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">For one great Copper Kettle</td> -<td class="tdr">2</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">For a small Kettle</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">10</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">For a lesser Kettle</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">6</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">For one large Frying-pan</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">2</td> -<td class="tdr">6</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">For a small Frying-pan</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">1</td> -<td class="tdr">8</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">For a brass Morter</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">3</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">For a Spit</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">2</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">For one Grid-Iron</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">10</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><ins class="corr" id="tn-19" title="Transcriber’s Note—1865 text: 'Fo rwo Skillets'"> -For two Skillets</ins></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">5</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Platters, dishes, & spoons of wood<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_20"></a>[20]</span></td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">4</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">For Sugar, Spice, and fruits at Sea for six men</td> -<td class="tdr">0</td> -<td class="tdr">12</td> -<td class="tdr">10</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"><em>The fraught will be for one man half a Tun.</em></td> -</tr> -</table> - -<p class="p1">Having refreshed my self for a day or two upon <em>Noddles-Island</em>, -I crossed the Bay in a small Boat to <em>Boston</em>, -which then was rather a Village, than a Town, there being -not [p. 20.] above Twenty or thirty houses; and presenting -my respects to Mr. <em>Winthorpe</em> the Governour, and -to Mr. <em>Cotton</em> the Teacher of <em>Boston</em> Church, to whom I -delivered from Mr. <em>Francis Quarles</em> the poet, the Translation -of the 16, 25, 51, 88, 113, and 137. Psalms into -<em>English</em> Meeter, for his approbation, being civilly treated -by all I had occasion to converse with, I returned in the -Evening to my lodging.</p> - -<p>The Twelfth day of <em>July</em>, after I had taken my leave -of Mr. <em>Maverick</em>, and some other Gentlemen, I took Boat -for the Eastern parts of the Countrie, and arrived at -<em>Black point</em> in the Province of <em>Main</em>, which is 150 miles -from <em>Boston</em>, the Fourteenth day, which makes my voyage -11 weeks and odd dayes.</p> - -<p>The Countrey all along as I sailed, being no other than -a meer Wilderness, here and there by the Sea-side a few -scattered plantations, with as few houses.</p> - -<p>About the Tenth of <em>August</em>, I hapned to walk into the -Woods, not far from the Sea-side, and falling upon a piece -of ground over-grown with bushes, called there black -Currence, but differing from our Garden Currence, they -being ripe and hanging in lovely bunches; I set up my -piece against a stately Oake, with a resolution to fill my -[p. 21.] belly, being near half a mile from the house; of<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_21"></a>[21]</span> -a sudden I heard a hollow thumping noise upon the -Rocks approaching towards me, which made me presently -to recover my piece, which I had no sooner cock’d, -than a great and grim over-grown she-Wolf appears, at -whom I shot, and finding her Gor-belly stuft with flesh -newly taken in, I began presently to suspect that she had -fallen foul upon our Goats, which were then valued (our -she Goats) at Five pound a Goat; Therefore to make further -discovery, I descended (it being low water) upon the -Sea sands, with an intent to walk round about a neck of -land where the Goats usually kept. I had not gone far -before I found the footing of two Wolves, and one Goat -betwixt them, whom they had driven into a hollow, betwixt -two Rocks, hither I followed their footing, and perceiving -by the Crowes, that there was the place of slaughter, -I hung my piece upon my back, and upon all four -clambered up to the top of the Rock, where I made -ready my piece and shot at the dog Wolf, who was feeding -upon the remainder of the Goat, which was only the -fore shoulders, head and horns, the rest being devoured -by the she-Wolf, even to the very hair of the Goat: and -it is very observable, that when [p. 22.] the Wolves have -kill’d a Beast, or a Hog, not a Dog-Wolf amongst them -offers to eat any of it, till the she-Wolves have filled their -paunches.</p> - -<p>The Twenty fourth of <em>September</em>, being Munday about -4 of the clock in the afternoon, a fearful storm of wind -began to rage, called a <em>Hurricane</em>. <em>It is an impetuous -wind that goes commonly about the Compass in the space of</em> -24 <em>hours, it began from the</em> W. N. W. and continued till -next morning, the greatest mischief it did us, was the<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_22"></a>[22]</span> -wracking of our Shallop, and the blowing down of many -tall Trees, in some places a mile together.</p> - -<p><em>December</em> the Tenth, happened an Eclipse of the Moon -at 8 of the clock at night, it continued till after 11, as -near as we could guess; in old <em>England</em> it began after -midnight, and continued till 4 of <em>the clock in the morning; -if Seamen would make observation of the time, either of -the beginning or ending of the Eclipse, or total darkness of -Sun and Moon in all places where they shall happen to -be, and confer their observations to some Artist, hereby the -longitude of all places might be certainly known, which are -now very uncertainly reported to us</em>.</p> - -<p>1639. <em>May</em>, which fell out to be extream hot and foggie, -about the middle of <em>May</em>, I [p. 23.] kill’d within a -stones throw of our house, above four score Snakes, some -of them as big as the small of my leg, black of colour, -and three yards long, with a sharp horn on the tip of -their tail two inches in length.</p> - -<p><em>June</em> the Six and twentieth day, very stormie, Lightning -and Thunder. I heard now two of the greatest and -fearfullest thunder-claps that ever were heard, I am confident. -At this time we had some neighbouring Gentlemen -in our house, who came to welcome me into the -Countrey; where amongst variety of discourse they told -me of a young Lyon (not long before) kill’d at <em>Piscataway</em> -by an <em>Indian</em>; of a Sea-<em>Serpent</em> or <em>Snake</em>, that lay -quoiled up like a Cable upon a Rock at <em>Cape-Ann</em>: a -Boat passing by with <em>English</em> aboard, and two <em>Indians</em>, -they would have shot the <em>Serpent</em> but the <em>Indians</em> disswaded -them, saying, that if he were not kill’d out-right, -they would be all in danger of their lives.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_23"></a>[23]</span></p> - -<p>One Mr. <em>Mittin</em> related of a <em>Triton</em> or <em>Mereman</em> which -he saw in <em>Cascobay</em>, the Gentleman was a great Fouler, -and used to goe out with a small Boat or Canow, and -fetching a compass about a small Island, (there being -many small Islands in the Bay) for the advantage of a -shot, was encountred [p. 24.] with a <em>Triton</em>, who laying -his hands upon the side of the Canow, had one of them -chopt off with a Hatchet by Mr. <em>Mittin</em>, which was in all -respects like the hand of a man, the <em>Triton</em> presently sunk, -dying the water with his purple blood, and was no more -seen. The next story was told by Mr. <em>Foxwell</em>, now living -in the province of <em>Main</em>, who having been to the -Eastward in a Shallop, as far as <em>Cape-Ann</em> a Waggon in -his return was overtaken by the night, and fearing to land -upon the barbarous shore, he put off a little further to -Sea; about midnight they were wakened with a loud -voice from the shore, calling upon <em>Foxwell</em>, <em>Foxwell</em> come -a shore, two or three times: upon the Sands they saw a -great fire, and Men and Women hand in hand dancing -round about it in a ring, after an hour or two they vanished, -and as soon as the day appeared, <em>Foxwell</em> puts into a small -<em>Cove</em>, it being about three quarters floud, and traces along -the shore, where he found the footing of Men, Women -and Children shod with shoes; and an infinite number of -brands-ends thrown up by the water, but neither <em>Indian</em> -nor <em>English</em> could he meet with on the shore, nor in the -woods; these with many other stories they told me, the -credit whereof I will neither impeach nor inforce, but -shall [p. 25.] satisfie my self, and I hope the Reader -hereof, with the saying of a wise, learned and honourable -Knight, <em>that there are many Stranger things in the world, -than are to be seen between</em> London <em>and</em> Stanes.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_24"></a>[24]</span></p> - -<p><em>September</em> the Sixth day, one Mr. <em>John Hickford</em> the -Son of Mr. <em>Hickford</em> a Linnen-Draper in <em>Cheapside</em>, having -been some time in the province of <em>Main</em>, and now -determined to return for <em>England</em>, sold and kill’d his stock -of Cattle and Hoggs, one great Sow he had which he -made great account of, but being very fat, and not suspecting -that she was with pig, he caused her to be kill’d, and -they found 25 pigs within her belly; verifying the old -proverb, As fruitful as a white sow. And now we were -told of a sow in <em>Virginia</em> that brought forth six pigs; -their fore-parts Lyons, their hinder-parts hogs. <em>I have -read that at</em> Bruxels, Anno 1564. <em>a sow brought forth six -pigs, the first whereof (for the last in generating is always -in bruit beasts the first brought forth) had the head, face, -arms and legs of a man, but the whole trunck of the body -from the neck, was of a swine, a sodomitical monster is -more like the mother than the father in the organs of the -vegetative soul.</em></p> - -<p>The Three and twentieth, I left <em>Black-point</em>, and came -to <em>Richmonds</em> Island about [p. 26.] three leagues to the -Eastward, where Mr. <em>Tralanie</em> kept a fishing, Mr. <em>John -Winter</em> a grave and discreet man was his Agent, and imployer -of 60 men upon that design.</p> - -<p>The Four and twentieth day being <em>Munday</em>, I went -aboard the <em>Fellowship</em> of 100 and 70 Tuns a Flemish bottom, -the Master <em>George Luxon</em> of <em>Bittiford</em> in <em>Devonshire</em>, -several of my friends came to bid me farewell, among the -rest Captain <em>Thomas Wannerton</em> who drank to me a pint -of kill-devil <em>alias</em> Rhum at a draught, at 6 of the clock in -the morning we weighed Anchor, and set sail for the <em>Massachusets-bay</em>.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_25"></a>[25]</span></p> - -<p>The Seven and twentieth day being <em>Fryday</em>, we Anchored -in the afternoon in the <em>Massachusets-bay</em> before -<em>Boston</em>. Next day I went aboard of <em>Mr. Hinderson</em>, Master -of a ship of 500 Tuns, and Captain <em>Jackson</em> in the -Queen of <em>Bohemia</em> a privateer, and from thence I went -ashore to <em>Boston</em>, where I refreshed my self at an Ordinary. -Next morning I was invited to a fisherman’s house somewhat -lower within the <em>Bay</em>, and was there by his Wife -presented with a handful of small Pearl, but none of them -bored nor orient. From thence I crost the Bay to -<em>Charles-town</em>, where at one <em>Longs</em> Ordinary I met with -Captain <em>Jackson</em> and others, walking on the back side we -spied a rattle [p. 27.] Snake a yard and half long, and -as thick in the middle as the small of a mans leg, on the -belly yellow, her back spotted with black, russet, yellow -and green, placed like scales, at her tail she had a rattle -which is nothing but a hollow shelly buffiness joynted, -look how many years old she is, so many rattles she hath -in her tail, her neck seemed to be no bigger than ones -Thumb; yet she swallowed a live Chicken, as big as one -they give 4 pence for in <em>England</em>, presently as we were -looking on. In the afternoon I returned to our Ship, -being no sooner aboard but we had the sight of an <em>Indian</em>-Pinnace -sailing by us made of <em>Birch-bark</em>, sewed together -with the roots of spruse and white <em>Cedar</em> (drawn -out into threads) with a deck, and trimmed with sails top -and top gallant very sumptuously.</p> - -<p>The Thirtieth day of <em>September</em>, I went ashore upon -<em>Noddles</em>-Island, where when I was come to Mr. <em>Mavericks</em> -he would not let me go aboard no more, until the -Ship was ready to set sail; the next day a grave and sober<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_26"></a>[26]</span> -person described the Monster to me, that was born at <em>Boston</em> -of one Mrs. <em>Dyer</em> a great Sectarie, <em>the Nine and twentieth -of</em> June, <em>it was (it should seem) without a head, but -having horns like a Beast, and ears, scales on a rough skin -like a fish</em> [p. 28.] <em>called a</em> Thornback, <em>legs and claws like -a</em> Hawke, <em>and in other respects as a Woman-child</em>.</p> - -<p>The Second of <em>October</em>, about 9 of the clock in the -morning, Mr. <em>Mavericks</em> Negro woman came to my chamber -window, and in her own Countrey language and tune -sang very loud and shril, going out to her, she used a -great deal of respect towards me, and willingly would -have expressed her grief in <em>English</em>; but I apprehended -it by her countenance and deportment, whereupon I repaired -to my host, to learn of him the cause, and resolved -to intreat him in her behalf, for that I understood before, -that she had been a Queen in her own Countrey, and -observed a very humble and dutiful garb used towards -her by another Negro who was her maid. Mr. <em>Maverick</em> -was desirous to have a breed of Negroes, and therefore -seeing she would not yield by perswasions to company -with a Negro young man he had in his house; he commanded -him will’d she nill’d she to go to bed to her, -which was no sooner done but she kickt him out again, -this she took in high disdain beyond her slavery, and this -was the cause of her grief. In the afternoon I walked -into the Woods on the back side of the house, and happening -into a [p. 29.] fine broad walk (which was a sledgway) -I wandered till I chanc’t to spye a fruit as I thought -like a pine Apple plated with scales, it was as big as the -crown of a Womans hat; I made bold to step unto it, -with an intent to have gathered it, no sooner had I toucht<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_27"></a>[27]</span> -it, but hundreds of Wasps were about me; at last I -cleared my self from them, being stung only by one upon -the upper lip, glad I was that I scaped so well; But by -that time I was come into the house my lip was swell’d so -extreamly, that they hardly knew me but by my Garments.</p> - -<p>The Tenth of <em>October</em>, I went aboard and we fell down -to <em>Nantascot</em>, here Mr. <em>Davies</em> (Mr. <em>Hicks</em> the Apothecarie -in <em>Fleet-streets</em> Son-in-law) dyed of the Phthisick -aboard on a Sunday in the afternoon. The next day Mr. -<em>Luxon</em> our Master having been ashore upon the Governours -Island gave me half a score very fair Pippins which -he brought from thence, there being not one Apple-tree, -nor Pear planted yet in no part of the Countrey, but upon -that Island.</p> - -<p>The Fifteenth day, we set sail from <em>Nantascot</em>.</p> - -<p>The Sixteenth day Mr. <em>Robert Foster</em>, one of our passengers -Preached aboard upon [p. 30.] the 113 Psalm; -<em>The Lord shall preserve thy going out, & thy coming in</em>; -The Sectaries began to quarrel with him, especially Mr. -<em>Vincent Potter</em>, he who was afterwards questioned for a -Regicide.</p> - -<p>The Seventeenth day, towards Sun-set a Lanner settled -upon our main Mast-top, when it was dark I hired one -of the Sailers to fetch her down, and I brought her into -<em>England</em> with much ado, being fain to feed her with hard -Eggs. After this day, we had very cold weather at Sea, -our deck in a morning ore-spread with hoarie frost, and -dangling Isickles hung upon the Ropes. <em>Some say the -Sea is hotter in winter, than in summer; but I did not find -it so.</em></p> - -<p><em>November</em> the Fifth day, about three of the clock in the<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_28"></a>[28]</span> -afternoon, the Mariners observed the rising of a little -black cloud in the <em>N. W.</em> which increasing apace, made -them prepare against a coming storm, the wind in short -time grew to boisterous, bringing after us a huge grown -Sea, at 5 of the clock it was pitchie dark.</p> - -<div class="poetry-container" id="tn-28"> -<div class="poetry lht"> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>And the bitter storm augments; the wild winds wage</em></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>War from all parts; and joyn with the Seas rage.</em></div> - <div class="verse indent0">[p. 31.] <em>The sad clouds sink in showers; you would have thought,</em></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>That high-swoln-seas even unto Heaven had wrought;</em></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>And Heaven to Seas defended: no star shown;</em></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>Blind night in darkness, tempests, and her own</em></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>Dread terrours lost; yet this dire lightning turns</em></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>To more fear’d light; the Sea with lightning Burns.</em></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>The Pilot knew not what to chuse or fly,</em></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>Art stood amaz’d in Ambiguity.</em></div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>The storm augmenting still, the next day about 4 of the -clock afternoon we lost our Rudder, and with that our -hopes, so necessary a part it is, that a ship without it, -is like a wild horse without a bridle; yet <em>Aristotle</em> that<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_29"></a>[29]</span> -<em>Eagle</em>-ey’d <em>Philosopher could not give a reason, why so small -a thing as a Helm should rule the ship</em>.</p> - -<p>[p. 32.] The Seventh day at night, the wind began to -dye away, the next day we had leasure to repair our -breaches; it continued calm till the 13 day, and all the -while we saw many dead bodies of men and women floating -by us.</p> - -<p>The Four and twentieth, we arrived before <em>Bittiford</em>, -having past before under <em>Lundee</em>-Island.</p> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_30"></a>[30]</span><br /></p> - -<h2 class="nobreak" id="The_Second"> -<span class="fs120">The Second</span><br /> -<span class="fs180">VOYAGE.</span></h2> -</div> - - -<p class="drop-capy">I have heard of a certain Merchant in the west of <em>England</em>, -who after many great losses, walking upon the -Sea-bank in a calm Sun-shining day; observing the -smoothness of the Sea, coming in with a chequered or -dimpled wave: Ah (quoth he) thou flattering Element, -many a time hast thou inticed me to throw my self and -my fortunes into thy Arms; but thou hast hitherto proved -treacherous; thinking to find thee a Mother of encrease, -I have found thee to be the Mother of mischief and wickedness; -yea the Father of prodigies; therefore, being -now secure, I will trust thee no more: But mark this -mans resolution a while after, <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">periculum maris spes lucri -superat</i>. So fared it with me, that having escaped the -dangers of one Voyage, must needs put on a resolution for -a second, wherein I plowed many a churlish billow [p. 34.] -with little or no advantage, but rather to my loss and detriment. -In the setting down, whereof I purpose not to -insist in a methodical way, but according to my quality, -in a plain and brief relation as I have done already; for -I perceive, if I used all the Art that possibly I could, it -would be difficult to please all, for all mens eyes, ears, -faith, judgement, are not of a size. There be a sort of -stagnant stinking spirits, who, like flyes, lye sucking at the<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_31"></a>[31]</span> -botches of carnal pleasures, and never travelled so much -Sea, as is between <em>Heth-ferry</em>, and <em>Lyon-Key</em>; yet notwithstanding, -(sitting in the Chair of the scornful over -their whists and draughts of intoxication) will desperately -censure the relations of the greatest Travellers. It was a -good <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">proviso</i> of a learned man, never to report wonders, -for in so doing, of the greatest he will be sure not to be -believed, but laughed at, which certainly bewraies their -ignorance and want of discretion. Of Fools and Madmen -then I shall take no care, I will not invite these in -the least to honour me with a glance from their supercilious -eyes; but rather advise them to keep their inspection -for their fine-tongu’d Romances, and playes. This homely -piece, I protest ingenuously, is prepared for such only who -well know how to make use of their [p. 35.] charitable -constructions towards works of this nature, to whom I -submit my self in all my faculties, and proceed in my second -voyage.</p> - -<p><em>Anno 1663.</em> <em>May</em> the Three and twentieth, I went down -to <em>Gravesend</em>, it being <em>Saturday</em> I lay ashore till <em>Monday</em> -the fifth, about 11 a clock at night, I went aboard the <em>Society</em> -belonging to <em>Boston</em> in the <em>Massachusets</em> a Colony of -<em>English</em> in <em>New-England</em>, of 200 and 20 Tun, carrying -16 Iron Guns most unserviceable, man’d with 33 sailers, -and 77 passengers, men, women and children.</p> - -<p>The Six and twentieth day, about 6 of the clock in the -morning we weighed Anchor, and fell down with the tide -three or four miles below <em>Gravesend</em>.</p> - -<p>The Seven and twentieth in the afternoon, we weighed -Anchor and came into the <em>Hope</em> before <em>Deal-Castle</em>, here -<a id="tn-31"></a>we were wind bound till</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_32"></a>[32]</span></p> - -<p>The 30 day, we set sail out of the <em>Downs</em>, being <em>Saturday</em> -about 9 of the clock in the morning, about 4 of the -clock in the afternoon we came up with <em>Beachy</em> by <em>W.</em> at -<em>Nore</em>.</p> - -<p>The One and thirtieth at 4 of the clock in the morning -we came up with the Isle of <em>Wight</em>, at 4 of the clock in -the afternoon [p. 36.] we had <em>Portland</em> N. N. W. of us, 6 -leagues off, the wind being then at <em>N. W. by N.</em> at 5 of -the clock we came to <em>Dartmouth</em>, the wind <em>W. S. W.</em></p> - -<p><em>June</em> the first day, being <em>Monday</em> about 4 of the clock -<em>Plimouth</em> was about 9 leagues off, our course <em>W. S. W.</em> -the Start bore North distant about 6 leagues from whence -our reckonings began; the wind now <em>E. N. E.</em> a fair gale.</p> - -<p>The second day the <em>Lizard</em> bore <em>N. N. W.</em> in the latitude -51. 300 leagues from <em>Cape-Cod</em> in <em>New England</em>, our -course <em>W.</em> and by <em>S.</em> One of our passengers now dyed of -a Consumption.</p> - -<p>The Fifth day we steered <em>S. W.</em> observed and found the -ship in latitude 47 degrees, and 44 minutes.</p> - -<p>The Tenth day observed and found the ship in latitude -49 degrees, and 24 minutes.</p> - -<p>The Five and twentieth day, about 3 of the clock in -the morning we discovered land, about 6 of the clock -<em>Flowers</em>, so called from abundance of flowers, and <em>Corvo</em> -from a multitude of <em>Crowes</em>; two of the <em>Azores</em> or western -Islands, in the <em>Atlantique Ocean</em> not above 250 leagues -from <em>Lisbon</em> bore <em>N. W.</em> of us some 3 leagues off, we -steered away <em>W.</em> by <em>W.</em> observed and found <em>Flowers</em> to be -in the Southern part in latitude 39 [p. 37.] degrees 13 -minuts, we descryed a Village and a small Church or -Chappel seated in a pleasant valley to the Easter-side of<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_33"></a>[33]</span> -the Island, the whole Island is rockie and mountanious -about 8 miles in compass, stored with Corn, Wine and -Goats, and inhabited by outlaw’d <em>Portingals</em>, the Town -they call <em>Santa Cruz</em>. <em>Corvo</em> is not far from this, I supposed -two or three leagues, a meer mountain, and very -high and steep on all sides, cloathed with tall wood on the -very top, uninhabited, but the <em>Flowreans</em> here keep some -number of Goats.</p> - -<p>The Seven and twentieth day, 30 leagues to the westward -of these Islands we met with a small Vessel stoln -from <em>Jamaico</em>, but 10 men in her, and those of several -nations, <em>English</em>, <em>French</em>, <em>Scotch</em>, <em>Dutch</em> almost famish’d, -having been out as they told us, by reason of calms, three -moneths, bound for <em>Holland</em>.</p> - -<p><em>July</em> the sixth, calm now for two or three dayes, our -men went out to swim, some hoisted the <em>Shallop</em> out and -took divers Turtles, there being an infinite number of -them all over the Sea as far as we could ken, and a man -may ken at Sea in a clear Air 20 miles, they floated upon -the top of the water being a sleep, and driving gently -upon them with the <em>Shallop</em>, of a sudden [p. 38.] they -took hold of their hinder legs and lifted them into the -boat, if they be not very nimble they awake and presently -dive under water; when they were brought aboard they -sob’d and wept exceedingly, continuing to do so till the -next day that we killed them, by chopping off their heads, -and having taken off their shells (that on their back being -fairest, is called a Gally patch) we opened the body and -took out three hearts in one case, and (which was more -strange) we perceived motion in the hearts ten hours after -they were taken out. I have observed in <em>England</em> in my<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_34"></a>[34]</span> -youthful dayes the like in the heart of a <em>Pike</em>, and the heart -of a <em>Frog</em>, which will leap and skip as nimbly as the <em>Frog</em> -used to do when it was alive from whom it was taken. -Likewise the heart of a <em>Pig</em> will stir after it is exenterated. -Being at a friends house in <em>Cambridg-shire</em>, the Cook-maid -making ready to slaughter a <em>Pig</em>, she put the hinder parts -between her legs as the usual manner is, and taking the -snout in her left hand with a long knife she stuck the <em>Pig</em> -and cut the small end of the heart almost in two, letting it -bleed as long as any bloud came forth, then throwing of it -into a Kettle of boyling water, the <em>Pig</em> swom twice round -about the kettle, when taking of it out to [p. 39.] the -dresser she rub’d it with powdered <em>Rozen</em> and stript off the -hair, and as she was cutting off the hinder pettito, the <em>Pig</em> -lifts up his head with open mouth, as if it would have bitten: -well, the belly was cut up, and the entrails drawn -out, and the heart laid upon the board, which notwithstanding -the wound it received had motion in it, above -four hours after; there were several of the Family by, -with my self, and we could not otherwayes conclude but -that the <em>Pig</em> was bewitched; but this by the way. Of -the Sea Turtles there be five sorts, first the Trunck-turtle -which is biggest, Secondly, the Loggerhead-turtle. -Thirdly, the Hawkbill-turtle, which with its bill will bite -horribly. Fourthly, the Green-turtle which is best for food, -it is affirmed that the feeding upon this Turtle for a twelve -moneth, forbearing all other kind of food will cure absolutely -Consumptions, and the great pox; They are a very -delicate food, and their Eggs are very wholesome and restorative, -it is an <em>Amphibious</em> Creature going ashore, the -male throws the female on her back when he couples with<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_35"></a>[35]</span> -her, which is termed cooting, their Eggs grown to perfection -the female goes ashore again and making a hole in -the Sand, there layes her Eggs which are numerous, I -have seen a peck [p. 40.] of Eggs taken out of one Turtle; -when they have laid they cover the hole again with -sand, and return to the Sea never looking after her Eggs, -which hatching in the sand and coming to some strength -break out and repair to the Sea. Having fill’d our bellies -with Turtles and Bonito’s, called <em>Spanish</em> Dolphins excellently -well cooked both of them, the wind blowing fair,</p> - -<p>The Eighth day we spread our sails and went on our -voyage, after a while we met with abundance of Sea-weeds -called Gulf-weed coming out of the Bay of <em>Mexico</em>, and -firr-trees floating on the Sea, observed and found the Ship -to be in 39 degrees and 49 minuts.</p> - -<p>The Fifteenth day we took a young Sharke about three -foot long, which being drest and dished by a young Merchant -a passenger happened to be very good fish, having -very white flesh in flakes like Codd but delicately curl’d, -the back-bone which is perfectly round, joynted with short -joynts, the space between not above a quarter of an inch -thick, separated they make fine Table-men, being wrought -on both sides with curious works.</p> - -<p>The One and twentieth thick hasie weather.</p> - -<p>The Five and twentieth we met with a [p. 41.] <em>Plimouth</em> -man come from St. <em>Malloes</em> in <em>France</em>, 10 weeks out, -laden with cloath, fruit, and honey, bound for <em>Boston</em> in -<em>New-England</em>.</p> - -<p>The Six and twentieth we had sight of land.</p> - -<p>The Seven and twentieth we Anchored at <em>Nantascot</em>, -in the afternoon I went aboard of a <em>Ketch</em>, with some<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_36"></a>[36]</span> -other of our passengers, in hope to get to <em>Boston</em> that -night; but the Master of the <em>Ketch</em> would not consent.</p> - -<p>The Eight and twentieth being <em>Tuesday</em>, in the morning -about 5 of the clock he lent us his <em>Shallop</em> and three -of his men, who brought us to the western end of the -town where we landed, and having gratified the men, we -repaired to an Ordinary (for so they call their Taverns -there) where we were provided with a liberal cup of burnt -Madera-wine, and store of plum-cake, about ten of the -clock I went about my Affairs.</p> - -<p>Before I pursue my Voyage to an end, I shall give you -to understand what Countrie <em>New-England</em> is. <em>New-England</em> -is that part of <em>America</em>, which together with <em>Virginia</em>, -<em>Mary land</em>, and <em>Nova-scotia</em> were by the <em>Indians</em> -called (by one name) <em>Wingadacoa</em>, after the discovery by -Sir <em>Walter</em> [p. 42.] <em>Rawleigh</em> they were named <em>Virginia</em>, -and so remained untill King <em>James</em> divided the Countrey -into Provinces. <em>New-England</em> then is all that tract of -land that lyes between the Northerly latitudes of 40 and -46, that is from <em>De-la-ware-Bay</em> to <em>New-found-land</em>, some -will have it to be in latitude from 41 to 45. in King <em>Jame’s</em> -Letters Patents to the Council of <em>Plimouth</em> in <em>Devonshire</em> -from 40 to 48 of the same latitude, it is judged to be an -Island, surrounded on the North with the spacious River -of <em>Canada</em>, on the South with <em>Mahegan</em> or <em>Hudsons</em> -River, having their rise, as it is thought, from two great -lakes not far off one another, the Sea lyes East and -South from the land, and is very deep, some say that the -depth of the Sea being measured with line and plummet, -seldom exceeds two or three miles, except in some places -near the <em>Swevian</em>-shores, and about <em>Pontus</em>, observed by<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_37"></a>[37]</span> -<em>Pliny</em>. Sir <em>Francis Drake</em> threw out 7 Hogsheads of line -near <em>Porto-bello</em> and found no bottom, but whether this be -true or no, or that they were deceived by the Currants -carrying away their lead and line, this is certainly true, -that there is more Sea in the Western than the Eastern -<em>Hemisphere</em>, on the shore in more places than one at -spring-tides, that is at the full or new of the moon, [p. 43.] -the Sea riseth 18 foot perpendicular, the reason of this -great flow of waters I refer to the learned, onely by the -way I shall acquaint you with two reasons for the ebbing -and flowing of the Sea; the one delivered in Common -conference, the other in a Sermon at <em>Boston</em> in the <em>Massachusets-Bay</em> -by an eminent man; The first was, <em>that God -and his spirit moving upon the waters caused the motion</em>; -the other, <em>that the spirit of the waters gathered the waters -together; as the spirit of Christ gathered souls</em>.</p> - -<p>The shore is Rockie, with high cliffs, having a multitude -of considerable Harbours; many of which are capacious -enough for a Navy of 500 sail, one of a thousand, -the Countrie within Rockie and mountanious, full of tall -wood, one stately mountain there is surmounting the rest, -about four score mile from the Sea: The description of it -you have in my rarities of <em>New-England</em>, between the -mountains are many ample rich and pregnant valleys as -ever eye beheld, beset on each side with variety of goodly -Trees, the grass man-high unmowed, uneaten and uselesly -withering; within these valleys are spacious lakes -or ponds well stored with Fish and Beavers; the original -of all the great Rivers in the Countrie, of which there are -many with lesser [p. 44.] streams (wherein are an infinite -of fish) manifesting the goodness of the soil which is black,<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_38"></a>[38]</span> -red-clay, gravel, sand, loom, and very deep in some places, -as in the valleys and swamps, which are low grounds and -bottoms infinitely thick set with Trees and Bushes of all -sorts for the most part, others having no other shrub or -Tree growing, but spruse, under the shades whereof you -may freely walk two or three mile together; being goodly -large Trees, and convenient for masts and sail-yards. The -whole Countrie produceth springs in abundance replenished -with excellent waters, having all the properties -ascribed to the best in the world.</p> - -<div class="poetry-container"> -<div class="poetry"> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>Swift is’t in pace, light poiz’d, to look in clear,</em></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>And quick in boiling (which esteemed were)</em></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>Such qualities, as rightly understood</em></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>Withouten these no water could be good.</em></div> -</div> -</div> - -<p><em>One Spring there is, at</em> Black-point <em>in the Province of</em> -Main, <em>coming out of muddy clay that will colour a spade, -as if hatcht with silver, it is purgative and cures scabs and -Itch</em>, &c.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">Isa. 45. 3.</div> - -<p>The mountains and Rocky Hills are richly furnished -with mines of Lead, Silver, [p. 45.] Copper, Tin, and divers -sorts of minerals, branching out even to their summits, -where in small Crannies you may meet with threds -of perfect silver; yet have the <em>English</em> no maw to open -any of them, whether out of ignorance or fear of bringing -a forraign Enemy upon them, or (like the dog in the -manger) to keep their Soveraign from partaking of the -benefits, who certainly may claim an interest in them as -his due, being eminently a gift proceeding from -divine bounty to him; no person can pretend interest -in Gold, Silver, or Copper by the law of Nations,<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_39"></a>[39]</span> -but the Soveraign Prince; but the subjects of our King -have a right to mines discovered in their own Lands and -inheritances; So as that every tenth Tun of such Oar is -to be paid to the proprietors of such lands, and not to the -state, if it be not a mine-Royal: if it prove to be a mine-Royal, -every fifth Tun of all such Oar as shall hold Gold -or Silver worth refining, is to be rendered to the King. -<em>The learned Judges of our Kingdom have long since concluded, -that although the Gold or Silver conteined in the -base mettals of a mine in the land of a Subject, be of less -value than the baser mettal; yet if the Gold or Silver do -countervail the charge of refining it, or be more worth than -the base mettal spent</em> [p. 46.] <em>in refining it, that then it is -a mine-Royal, and as well the base mettal as the Gold and -Silver in it belongs by prerogative to the Crown.</em></p> - -<p>The stones in the Countrey are for the most <em>mettle</em>-stone, -free-stone, pebble, slate, none that will run to lime, -of which they have great want, of the slate you may make -Tables easie to be split to the thickness of an inch, or -thicker if you please, and long enough for a dozen men to -sit at. Pretious stones there are too, but if you desire to -know further of them, see the Rarities of <em>New-England</em>; -onely let me add this observation by the way, that Crystal -set in the Sun taketh fire, and setteth dry Tow or brown -Paper on fire held to it. There is likewise a sort of glittering -sand, which is altogether as good as the glassie -powder brought from the <em>Indies</em> to dry up Ink on paper -newly written. The climate is reasonably temperate, -hotter in Summer, and colder in Winter than with us, -agrees with our Constitutions better than <em>hotter Climates, -these are limbecks to our bodies, forraign heat will extract<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_40"></a>[40]</span> -the inward and adventitious heat consume the natural, so -much more heat any man receives outwardly from the heat -of the Sun, so much more wants he the same inwardly</em>, -which is one reason why [p. 47.] they are able to receive -more and larger draughts of Brandy, & the like strong -spirits than in <em>England</em> without offence. <em>Cold is less tolerable -than heat, this a friend to nature, that an enemy. -Many are of opinion that the greatest enemies of life, consisting -of heat and moisture, is cold and dryness; the extremity -of cold is more easie to be endured than extremity of -heat; the violent sharpness of winter, than the fiery raging -of Summer. To conclude, they are both bad, too much heat -brings a hot Feaver, too much cold diminisheth the flesh, -withers the face, hollowes the eyes, quencheth natural heat, -peeleth the hair, and procureth baldness.</em></p> - -<p>Astronomers have taken special knowledge of the number -of 1024 of the principal apparent noted Stars of all -the rest, besides the 7 Planets, and the 12 Signs, and it is -agreed upon that there are more Stars under the Northern-pole, -than under the Southern, the number of Stars -under both poles are innumerable to us; but not to the -Almighty Creator of Heaven and Earth, who calleth them -all by their names. <em>Isai.</em> 40. <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Levate in excelsum oculos -vestros & videte quis creavit hæc? quis educit in numero -militiam eorum & omnia suis nominibus vocat?</i> In <em>January</em> -1668. two Suns appeared and two Moons. The -year before was published the Suns prerogative, vindicated -by [p. 48.] <em>Alexander Nowel</em> a young studient at -<em>Harvard-Colledge</em> in the <em>Massachusets</em> Colony, which was -as followeth.</p> - -<p><em>Mathematicians have that priviledge, above other Philosophers,<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_41"></a>[41]</span> -that their foundations are so founded upon, and -proved by demonstration, that reason</em> volens nolens <em>must -approve of them, when they are once viewed by the eye of the -intellect</em>, <span lang="la" xml:lang="la">ipso facto</span> <em>it grants a</em> probatum est; <em>if upon those -foundations he raises famous Architectures, which are inseparably -joynted in, and joyned to their ground-works, yet -are not their Elements of such vast extensions, as to have -their dimensions adequated with the machine of the</em> <span lang="la" xml:lang="la">primum -mobile</span>, <em>and so include the Fabrick of created beings; but -there are sphears above the sphear of their Activity, and -Orbs placed above the reach of their Instruments, which will</em> -non-plus <em>the most acute inquisitors, at least in reference to -an accurate scrutiny: hence dissentions about Celestial bodies, -whether the planets have any natural light, has been a -question, proving that they borrow their light from the Sun: -he being the primitive, they derivatives; he the</em> <span lang="la" xml:lang="la">Augmentum -primum</span>, <em>they</em> Orta, <em>who though they have light in</em> se, <em>yet -not</em> ex se. <em>This assertion is not expugned by</em> Geocentricks -<em>who produce sense and Antiquity to support their suppositions; -nor oppugned by</em> Heliocentricks, [p. 49.] <em>who deduce -their</em> Hypothesis <em>from reason, and new observations: for</em>, -<span lang="la" xml:lang="la">quicquid in ambitu alicujus circuli actu diffusum, comprehenditur, -id in centro ejusdem continetur potentia collectum</span>. -<em>Should I put the question to the vote, questionless the -major part of modern Astronomers would carry it affirmatively; -but a testimony being</em> <span lang="la" xml:lang="la">Inartificialis Argumentum</span>, <em>I -shall found my position upon a more Artificial</em> Basis. <em>As -for the multiplication of Eclipses which some fear, it’s needless, -for the extent of the</em> Cone <em>of the earths shaddow</em> (<span lang="la" xml:lang="la">à Centro -terræ</span>) <em>being</em> 250 Semidiameters, <em>it cannot reach</em> Mars; -Venus <em>and</em> Mercury <em>never oppose the Sun. It has been<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_42"></a>[42]</span> -observed by the help of</em> Optick Tubes, <em>that</em> Venus <em>has divers -faces, according to her diverse position to the Sun. Some -affirm the same of</em> Mercury, <em>but he’s not so liable to observation, -being seldom clear of the radiancy of the Sun. The -superior Planets being above the Sun, turn the same side to -the Sun, as they do to us.</em> Venus <em>and</em> Mars <em>are more lucid -in their</em> Parhelion, <em>than in their</em> Aphelion. <em>The</em> Telescope -<em>may convince us of this truth</em>; <span lang="la" xml:lang="la">Evincit enim crassa, -opaca & dissimilium plane partium corpora, planctas esse</span>. -<em>Lastly God made the Sun and Moon, the two greater lights -(though not the greater lucid bodies) that the Moons light is -adventitious, followes from her invisibilitie</em> [p. 50.] <em>in a central -Eclipse: hence the other planets are destitute of native -light</em>; <span lang="la" xml:lang="la">nam à majore ad minus valet consequentia negativé</span>.</p> - -<p>In the year 1664. a Star or Comet appeared in <em>New-England</em> -in <em>December</em> in the <em>South-East</em>, rising constantly -about one of the clock in the morning, carrying the tail -lower and lower till it came into the <em>West</em>, and then bare -it directly before it; the Star it self was of a duskish red, -the tail of the colour of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">via lactea</i>, or the milkie way. A -fortnight after it appeared again rising higher near the -<em>Nadir</em> or point over our heads, of the same form and colour; -of which hear the former Scholar.</p> - -<p><em>Comets (say Naturalists) proceed from natural causes, -but they oft proceed preternatural effects. That they have -been Antecedents to strange consequents is an universal -truth, and proved by particulars</em>, viz. <em>That which hung -over</em> Hierusalem <em>before its extirpation by</em> Vespatian, <em>that -vertical to</em> Germany, <em>before those bloudy Wars</em> &c. <em>So that -experience Attests, and reason Assents, that they have served -for sad Prologues to Tragical Epilogues. For the future<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_43"></a>[43]</span> -preludiums to what events they’l prove, may be proved by -consequence, if they han’t suffered a privation of their powerful -Energie. Dr.</em> Ward <em>to salve Contests, distinguishes -between Cometæidæ, which are</em> [p. 51.] <em>Sublunary exhalations, -and Cometæ, which are heavenly bodies, coevous with -the Stars; the cause of the inequality of whose motion, is -their Apoge and Periges. Concerning the height of the late -Comets Orb, because of the deficiency of Instruments, here’s</em> -<span lang="la" xml:lang="la">pars deficiens.</span> <em>As for its motion</em> December 10. <em>’twas -about the middle of</em> Virgo. Jan. 24. 26 deg. Aries. <em>Some -observe that Comets commonly follow a Conjunction of the -superiour planets. Astronomers attribute much to the predominancy -of that planet which rules it, which they judge -by the Colour; a dull leaden colour, claims</em> Saturn <em>for his -Lord; bright</em>, Jupiter; <em>Red</em>, Mars; <em>Golden</em>, Sol; <em>Yellow</em>, -Venus; <em>variable</em>, Mercury; <em>pale</em>, Luna. <em>Also to the -Aspects it receives from other planets, the sign it is in, and -the house of the Heavens in which it first was. Hence -some may judge a scheam of the Heavens necessary, but -unless Calculated for its certain rise (which is uncertain) -it’s adjudged by the judicious, superfluous. Some put much -trust or virtue in the tail, terming it the Ignomon</em>, &c. <em>But -that is probable of all, which has been observed of some, -that it’s alwayes opposite to the Sun; hence when the Sun -is at the Meridian of the Antipodes it turns</em>, &c. <em>Which</em> -Regiomont <em>observed of that in</em> 1475. <em>and</em> Keckerman <em>of -that in</em> 1607. Longomontanus <em>observes of that in</em> 1618. -<em>that its first</em> [p. 52.] <em>appearance was vertical to</em> Germany -<em>and went</em> Northward, <em>so its effect began there, and made the -like progress: it’s rational, that as a cause, it should operate -most powerfully on those in whose Zenith it is, as the<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_44"></a>[44]</span> -meridional Altitude; nor is it irrational, that as a sign, it -should presage somewhat to all those, in whose Horizon it -appears; for in reason</em>, <span lang="la" xml:lang="la">Relata se mutuo inferunt</span>, <em>hence</em> -signum <em>infers</em> signatum, <em>and the signifier implies a signified. -Diverse desire to be certified of the event; but he is -wise that knowes it. Some presume prophetically to specificate -from generals truths; others desperately deny generals -and all; of all whom it’s a truth</em>, <span lang="la" xml:lang="la">Incidunt in Scyllam, -&c.</span> <em>Noble</em> Ticho <em>concludes, (with whom I conclude) that -it’s not rational particularly to determine the sequel; for -should any, it would be only in a contingent Axiom, and -proceed from fancie; therefore of no necessary consequence, -and would produce only opinion.</em></p> - -<p>A friend of mine shewed me a small Treatise written -and printed in the <em>Massachusets</em>-Bay by <em>B. D. Intituled -An Astronomical description of the late Comet, or Blazing-Star, -as it appeared in</em> New-England <em>in the Ninth, Tenth, -Eleventh, and the beginning of the Twelfth moneth</em>, 1664. -<em>printed at</em> Cambridge <em>by</em> Samuel Green 1665. An ingenious -piece, but because I could not perswade [p. 53.] my -friend to part with it, I took out some short notes being -straitned in time, which are as followes.</p> - -<p>Comets are distinguished in respect of their figure, according -to the divers aspects of the Sun, into <em>Barbate</em>, -<em>Caudate</em>, and <em>Crinite</em>. 1. When the stream like a beard -goes before the body. 2. When the stream followes the -body. 3. When the stream goes right up into the -Heavens.</p> - -<p>A Comet is said to be Vertical to any people, when the -body of the Comet passeth over their heads.</p> - -<p>The light of the Comet alters and varies according to -the diverse Aspects of the Sun enlightning it.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_45"></a>[45]</span></p> - -<p>Some took notice of it in the beginning of <em>November</em>.</p> - -<p>In <em>Anno Dom.</em> 1668. <em>July</em> the Fifteenth happened an -Eclipse of the moon from 9 of the clock at night, till after -11, digits 9, and 35 minutes.</p> - -<p>In <em>November</em> following appeared a Star between the -horns of the Moon in the midst.</p> - -<p>In <em>Anno Dom.</em> 1669. about the middle of <em>June</em> at 4 of -the clock in the afternoon, appeared a Rain-bow reverst, -and at night about 10 of the clock we had a <em>Lunar</em> Rain-bow.</p> - -<p>[p. 54.] The <em>Indians</em> so far as I could perceive have but -little knowledge of the Stars and Planets, observing the -Sun and Moon only, the dividers of time into dayes and -years: they being nearer to the Equinoctial-line by 10 -degrees, have their dayes and nights more equally divided, -being in Summer two hours shorter, in Winter two -hours longer than they are in <em>England</em>. The 11 of <em>June</em> -the Sun riseth at 4 and 26 minutes, and setteth at 7 & 34 -minutes: in <em>December</em>, the 13 the shortest day, the Sun -riseth at 7 and 35 minutes, and setteth at 4 and 27 minutes.</p> - -<p>Mid-<em>March</em> their Spring begins, in <em>April</em> they have -Rain and Thunder; So again at <em>Michaelmas</em>, about which -season they have either before <em>Michaelmas</em> or after outrageous -storms of Wind and Rain. It’s observable that -there is no part of the World, which hath not some certain -times of out-rageous storms. We have upon our Coast -in <em>England</em> a <em>Michaelmas</em> flaw, that seldom fails: in the -<em>West-Indies</em> in <em>August</em> and <em>September</em> the forcible <em>North</em>-wind, -which though some call <em>Tuffins</em> or <em>Hurricanes</em> we -must distinguish, for a right <em>Hurricane</em> is (as I have said<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_46"></a>[46]</span> -before) an impetuous wind that goes about the Compass -in the space of 24 hours, in such a storm the Lord <em>Willoughby</em> -[p. 55.] of <em>Parham</em> Governour of the <em>Barbadoes</em> -was cast away, going with a fleet to recover St. <em>Christophers</em> -from the <em>French</em>, <em>Anno Dom.</em> 1666. <em>July</em>. Cold -weather begins with the middle of <em>November</em>, the winter’s -perpetually freezing, insomuch that their Rivers and salt-Bayes -are frozen over and passable for Men, Horse, Oxen -and Carts: <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Æquore cum gelido zephyrus fere xenia Cymbo</i>. -The <em>North-west</em> wind is the sharpest wind in the Countrie. -In <em>England</em> most of the cold winds and weathers come -from the Sea, and those seats that are nearest the Sea-coasts -in <em>England</em> are accounted unwholsome, but not so -in <em>New-England</em>, for in the extremity of winter the <em>North-East</em> -and <em>South</em>-wind coming from the Sea produceth -warm weather, only the <em>North-West</em>-wind coming over -land from the white mountains (which are alwayes (except -in <em>August</em>) covered with snow) is the cause of extream cold -weather, alwayes accompanied with deep snowes and bitter -frosts, the snow for the most part four and six foot deep, -which melting on the superficies with the heat of the Sun, -(for the most part shining out clearly every day) and freezing -again in the night makes a crust upon the snow sufficient -to bear a man walking with snow-shoos upon it. -And at this [p. 56.] season the <em>Indians</em> go forth on hunting -of Dear and Moose, twenty, thirty, forty miles up into -the Countrie. Their Summer is hot and dry proper for -their <em>Indian</em> Wheat; which thrives best in a hot and dry -season, the skie for the most part Summer and Winter very -clear and serene; if they see a little black cloud in the -<em>North-West</em>, no bigger than a man may cover with his Hat,<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_47"></a>[47]</span> -they expect a following storm, the cloud in short time spreading -round about the Horizon accompanied with violent -gusts of wind, rain, and many times lightning and terrible -thunder. In all Countries they have observations how the -weather will fall out, and these rules following are observable -in <em>New-England</em>. If the Moon look bright and -fair, look for fair weather, also the appearing of one Rainbow -after a storm, is a known sign of fair weather; if mists -come down from the Hills, or descend from the Heavens, -and settle in the valleys, they promise fair hot weather; -mists in the Evening shew a fair hot day on the morrow: -the like when mists rise from waters in the Evening. The -obscuring of the smaller Stars is a certain sign of Tempests -approaching; the oft changing of the wind is also a -fore-runner of a storm; the resounding of the Sea from -the shore, and murmuring of [p. 57.] the winds in the -woods without apparent wind, sheweth wind to follow: -shooting of the Stars (as they call it) is an usual sign of -wind from that quarter the Star came from. So look -whether the resounding of the Sea upon the shore be on -the <em>East</em> or <em>West</em> side of the dwelling, out of that quarter -will the wind proceed the next day. The redness of the -sky in the morning, is a token of winds, or rain or both: -if the Circles that appear about the Sun be red and broken, -they portend wind; if thick and dark, wind, snow and -rain; the like may be said of the Circles about the moon. -If two rain-bowes appear, they are a sign of rain; If the -Sun or Moon look pale, look for rain: if a dark cloud be -at Sun-rising, in which the Sun soon after is hid, it will -dissolve it, and rain will follow; <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">nebula ascendens indicat -imbres, nebula descendens serenitatem</i>. If the Sun seem<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_48"></a>[48]</span> -greater in the <em>East</em>, than in the <em>West</em> about Sun-setting, -and that there appears a black cloud, you may expect rain -that night, or the day following.</p> - -<div class="poetry-container"> -<div class="poetry"> - <div class="verse indent0"><i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Serò rubens Cælum cras indicat esse serenum,</i></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Sed si manè rubet venturos indicat Imbres.</i></div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>[p. 58.] To conclude; if the white hills look clear and -conspicuous, it is a sign of fair weather; if black and -cloudy, of rain; if yellow, it is a certain sign of snow -shortly to ensue.</p> - -<p>In <em>Anno Dom.</em> 1667. <em>March</em>, appeared a sign in the -Heavens in the form of a Sphear, pointing directly to the -<em>West</em>: and in the year following on the third day of <em>April</em> -being <em>Friday</em>, there was a terrible Earthquake, before that -a very great one in 1638. and another in 58 and in 1662/3. -<em>January</em> 26, 27, & 28. (which was the year before I came -thither) there were Earthquakes 6 or 7 times in the space -of three dayes. Earthquakes are frequent in the Countrie; -some suppose that the white mountains were first -raised by Earthquakes, they are hollow as may be guessed -by the resounding of the rain upon the level on the top. -The <em>Indians</em> told us of a River whose course was not only -stopt by an Earthquake in 1668. (as near as I can remember) -but the whole River swallowed up. And I have -heard it reported from credible persons, that (whilst I was -there in the Countrie) there happened a terrible Earthquake -amongst the <em>French</em>, rending a huge Rock asunder -even to the center, wherein was a vast hollow of an immeasurable -depth, out of which came many infernal Spirits. -I shall [p. 59.] conclude this discourse of Earthquakes,<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_49"></a>[49]</span> -with that which came from the Pen of our Royal Martyr -King <em>Charles</em> the First; <em>A storm at Sea wants not its terrour, -but an Earthquake, shaking the very foundation of -all, the World hath nothing more of horrour.</em> And now I -come to the plants of the Countrie.</p> - -<p>The plants in <em>New-England</em> for the variety, number, -beauty, and vertues, may stand in Competition with the -plants of any Countrey in Europe. <em>Johnson</em> hath added -to <em>Gerard’s</em> Herbal 300. and <em>Parkinson</em> mentioneth many -more; had they been in <em>New-England</em> they might have -found 1000 at least never heard of nor seen by any <em>Englishman</em> -before: ’Tis true, the Countrie hath no <em>Bonerets</em>, -or <em>Tartarlambs</em>, no glittering coloured <em>Tuleps</em>; but here -you have the <em>American Mary-Gold</em>, the <em>Earth-nut</em> bearing -a princely Flower, the beautiful leaved <em>Pirola</em>, the -honied <em>Colibry</em>, &c. They are generally of (somewhat) a -more masculine vertue, than any of the same species in -<em>England</em>, but not in so terrible a degree, as to be mischievous -or ineffectual to our <em>English</em> bodies. <em>It is affirmed -by some that no forraign Drugg or Simple can be so proper -to Englishmen as their own, for the quantity of</em> Opium -<em>which Turks do safely take will kill four Englishmen, and -that which will</em> [p. 60.] <em>salve their wounds within a day, -will not recure an Englishman in three.</em> To which I -answer that it is custom that brings the <em>Turks</em> to the familiar -use of <em>Opium</em>. You may have heard of a <em>Taylor</em> -in <em>Kent</em>, who being afflicted with want of sleep ventured -upon <em>Opium</em>, taking at first a grain, and increasing of it -till it came to an ounce, which quantitie he took as familiarly -as a <em>Turk</em>, without any harm, more than that he -could not sleep without it. The <em>English</em> in <em>New-England</em><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_50"></a>[50]</span> -take white <em>Hellebore</em>, which operates as fairly with them, -as with the <em>Indians</em>, who steeping of it in water sometime, -give it to young lads gathered together a purpose to drink, -if it come up they force them to drink again their vomit, -(which they save in a Birchen-dish) till it stayes with them, -& he that gets the victory of it is made Captain of the -other lads for that year. There is a plant likewise, called -for want of a name <em>Clownes wound wort</em> by the <em>English</em>, -though it be not the same, that will heal a green wound -in 24 hours, if a wise man have the ordering of it. Thus -much for the general, I shall now begin to discover unto -you the plants more particularly, and I shall first begin -with Trees, and of them, first with such as are called in -Scripture Trees of God, that is great [p. 61.] Trees, that -grow of themselves without planting. Psal. 104. 16, 17. -<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Satiantur arbores Jehovæ</i>, <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">cedri Libani quas plantavit</i>; -(<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">ubi aviculæ nidificent</i>) <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">abietes domicilia ciconiæ</i>. The -Herons take great delight to sit basking upon the tops of -these Trees. And I shall not be over large in any, having -written of them in my Treatise of the rarities of <em>New-England</em>, -to which I refer you.</p> - -<p>The <em>Oake</em> I have given you an account of, and the -kinds; I shall add the ordering of Red <em>Oake</em> for Wainscot. -When they have cut it down and clear’d it from the -branches, they pitch the body of the Tree in a muddy -place in a River, with the head downward for some time, -afterwards they draw it out, and when it is seasoned sufficiently, -they saw it into boards for Wainscot, and it will -branch out into curious works.</p> - -<p>There is an admirable rare Creature in shape like a -<em>Buck</em>, with Horns, of a gummy substance, which I have<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_51"></a>[51]</span> -often found in the fall of the leaf upon the ground amongst -the withered leaves; a living Creature I cannot call it; -having only the sign of a mouth and eyes: seldom or -never shall you meet with any of them whole, but the -head and horns, or the hinder parts, broken off from the -rest; the <em>Indians</em> call them Tree <em>Bucks</em>, and have a superstitious -saying (for I believe [p. 62.] they never see any of -them living) that if they can see a Tree-<em>Buck</em> walking -upon the branches of an <em>Oake</em> when they go out in a -morning to hunt, they shall have good luck that day. -What they are good for I know not, but certainly there is -some more than ordinary vertue in them. It is true that -nothing in nature is superfluous, and we have the Scripture -to back it, that God created nothing in vain. The -like Creatures they <em>have at the</em> Barbadoes <em>which they call</em> -Negroes <em>heads, found in the Sands, about two inches long, -with forehead, eyes, nose, mouth, chin, and part of the neck, -they are alwayes found loose in the Sands without any root, -it is as black as Jet, but whence it comes they know not. I -have read likewise, that in the</em> Canaries <em>or</em> Fortunate-Islands, -<em>there is found a certain Creature, which Boys bring -home from the mountains as oft as they would, and named -them</em> Tudesquels, <em>or little</em> Germans: <em>for they were dry’d -dead Carcases, almost three footed, which any boy did easily -carry in one of the palms of his hand, and they were of an -humane shape; but the whole dead Carcase was clearly like -unto Parchment, and their bones were flexible, as it were -gristles: against the Sun, also, their bowels and intestines -were seen. Surely (saith my Authour) the destroyed race -of the</em> Pigmies <em>was there</em>. There is [p. 63.] also many -times found upon the leaves of the <em>Oake</em> a Creature like<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_52"></a>[52]</span> -a <em>Frog</em>, being as thin as a leaf, and transparent, as yellow -as Gold, with little fiery red eyes, the <em>English</em> call them -Tree-frogs or Tree-toads (but of Tree-toads I shall have -occasion to speak in another place) they are said to be venemous, -but may be safely used, being admirable to stop -womens over-flowing courses hung about their necks in a -Taffetie bag.</p> - -<p><em>Captain</em> Smith <em>writes that in</em> New-England <em>there -growes a certain berry called</em> Kermes, <em>worth</em> 10 <em>shillings -a pound, and had been formerly sold for</em> 30 <em>or</em> 40 <em>shillings -a pound, which may yearly be gathered in good quantity.</em> -I have sought for this berry, he speaks of, as a man should -seek for a needle in a bottle of Hay, but could never light -upon it; unless that kind of <em>Solomon-seal</em> called by the -<em>English</em> Treacle-berry be it. <em>Gerard</em> our famous Herbalist -<em>writes that they grow upon a little Tree called</em> Scarlet-Oake, -<em>the leaves have one sharp prickle at the end of it; it -beareth small</em> Acorns: <em>But the grain or berry growes out -of the woody branches, like an excrescence of the substance of -the</em> Oake-Apple, <em>and of the bigness of Pease, at first white, -when ripe of an</em> Ash-colour, <em>which ingenders little Maggots, -which when it begins</em> [p. 64.] <em>to have wings are put -into a bag and boulted up and down till dead, and then -made up into lumps, the Maggot as most do deem is</em> Cutchenele; -<em>So that</em> Chermes <em>is</em> Cutchenele: <em>the berries dye -scarlet. Mr.</em> George Sands <em>in his Travels saith (much to -the same purpose) that scarlet dye growes like a blister on the -leaf of the Holy</em> Oake, <em>a little shrub, yet producing</em> Acorns, -<em>being gathered they rub out of it a certain red dust, that -converteth after a while into worms, which they kill with -Wine, when they begin to quicken. See farther concerning<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_53"></a>[53]</span> -Treacle-berries and</em> Cutchinele <em>in the rarities of</em> New-England.</p> - -<p>The Pine-Tree challengeth the next place, and that -sort which is called Board-pine is the principal, it is a -stately large Tree, very tall, and sometimes two or three -fadom about: of the body the <em>English</em> make large <em>Canows</em> -of 20 foot long, and two foot and a half over, hollowing -of them with an Adds, and shaping of the outside like a -Boat. Some conceive that the wood called <em>Gopher</em> in -Scripture, of which <em>Noah</em> made the Ark, was no other -than Pine, <em>Gen.</em> 6. 14. The bark thereof is good for -Ulcers in tender persons that refuse sharp medicines. -The inner bark of young board-pine cut small and stampt -and boiled in a Gallon of water is a very soveraign medicine -for burn [p. 65.] or scald, washing the sore with some -of the decoction, and then laying on the bark stampt very -soft: or for frozen limbs, to take out the fire and to heal -them, take the bark of Board-pine-Tree, cut it small and -stamp it and boil it in a gallon of water to Gelly, wash the -sore with the liquor, stamp the bark again till it be very -soft and bind it on. The Turpentine is excellent to heal -wounds and cuts, and hath all the properties of <em>Venice</em> -Turpentine, the Rosen is as good as Frankincense, and -the powder of the dryed leaves generateth flesh; the distilled -water of the green Cones taketh away wrinkles in -the face being laid on with Cloths.</p> - -<p>The Firr-tree is a large Tree too, but seldom so big as -the Pine, the bark is smooth, with knobs or blisters, in -which lyeth clear liquid Turpentine very good to be put -into salves and oyntments, the leaves or Cones boiled in -Beer are good for the Scurvie, the young buds are excellent<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_54"></a>[54]</span> -to put into Epithemes for Warts and Corns, the -Rosen is altogether as good as Frankincense; out of this -Tree the Poleakers draw Pitch and Tarr; the manner I -shall give you, for that it may (with many other things -contained in this Treatise) be beneficial to my Countrymen, -either there already seated, or that [p. 66.] may happen -to go thither hereafter. Out of the fattest wood -changed into Torch-wood, which is a disease in that Tree, -they draw Tarr, first a place must be paved with stone or -the like, a little higher in the middle, about which there -must be made gutters, into which the liquor falls, then out -from them other gutters are to be drawn, by which it may -be received, then is it put into barrels. The place thus -prepared, the cloven wood must be set upright, then must -it be covered with a great number of firr and pitch bowes; -and on every part all about with much lome and sods of -earth, and great heed must be taken, lest there be any cleft -or chink remaining, only a hole left in the top of the furnace, -through which the fire may be put in, and the flame -and smoak to pass out: when the fire burneth, the Pitch -or Tarr runneth forth first thin and then thicker; of which -when it is boiled is made Pitch: the powder of dried -Pitch is used to generate flesh in wounds and sores. The -knots of this Tree and fat-pine are used by the <em>English</em> -instead of Candles, and it will burn a long time, but it -makes the people pale.</p> - -<p>The Spruce-tree I have given you an account of in my -<em>New-England</em> rarities. In the North-east of <em>Scotland</em> -upon the banks [p. 67.] of <em>Lough-argick</em>, there hath been -formerly of these Trees 28 handful about at the Root, and -their bodies mounted to 90 foot of height, bearing at the<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_55"></a>[55]</span> -length 20 inches diameter. At <em>Pascataway</em> there is now -a Spruce-tree brought down to the water-side by our -Mass-men of an incredible bigness, and so long that no -Skipper durst ever yet adventure to ship it, but there it -lyes and Rots.</p> - -<p>The Hemlock-tree is a kind of spruce or pine; the bark -boiled and stampt till it be very soft is excellent for to heal -wounds, and so is the Turpentine thereof, and the Turpentine -that issueth from the Cones of the Larch-tree, -(which comes nearest of any to the right Turpentine) is -singularly good to heal wounds, and to draw out the malice -(or Thorn, as <em>Helmont</em> phrases it) of any Ach, rubbing -the place therewith, and strowing upon it the powder of -<em>Sage</em>-leaves.</p> - -<p>The white Cedar is a stately Tree, and is taken by some -to be <em>Tamarisk</em>, this Tree the <em>English</em> saw into boards to -floor their Rooms, for which purpose it is excellent, long -lasting, and wears very smooth and white; likewise they -make shingles to cover their houses with instead of tyle, it -will never warp. This Tree, the Oak and the [p. 68.] -Larch-tree are best for building. Groundsels made of -Larch-tree will never rot, and the longer it lyes the harder -it growes, that you may almost drive a nail into a bar of -Iron as easily as into that. Oh, that my Countreymen -might obtain that blessing with their buildings, which -<em>Esay</em> prophesied to the <em>Jewes</em> in the 65 Chapter and 22 -verse. <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Non ædificabunt & alius inhabitabit, non plantabunt -& alius comedet: sed ut sunt dies Arboris, dies erunt -populi mei, & opus manuum suarum deterent electi mei.</i></p> - -<p>The Sassafras-tree is no great Tree, I have met with -some as big as my middle, the rind is tawny and upon that<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_56"></a>[56]</span> -a thin colour of Ashes, the inner part is white, of an excellent -smell like Fennel, of a sweet tast with some bitterness; -the leaves are like Fig-leaves of a dark green. A -decoction of the Roots and bark thereof sweetned with -Sugar, and drunk in the morning fasting will open the -body and procure a stool or two, it is good for the Scurvie -taken some time together, and laying upon the legs -the green leaves of white <em>Hellebore</em>. They give it to Cows -that have newly calved to make them cast their Cleanings. -This Tree growes not beyond <em>Black-point</em> Eastward: it is -observed, that there is no province but produces Trees -and plants not growing in other Regions.</p> - - -<p class="noindent">[p. 69.] <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Non omnis fert omnia tellus.</i></p> - -<p>The Walnut which is divers, some bearing square nuts, -others like ours, but smaller: there is likewise black Walnut -of precious use for Tables, Cabinets and the like. -The Walnut-tree is the toughest wood in the Countrie, -and therefore made use of for Hoops and Bowes, there -being no Yew there growing; In <em>England</em> they made -their Bowes usually of Witch Hasel, Ash, Yew, the best -of outlandish Elm, but the <em>Indians</em> make theirs of Walnut.</p> - -<p>The Line-tree with long nuts, the other kind I could -never find: the wood of this Tree, Laurel, Rhamnus, -Holly and Ivy are accounted for woods that cause fire by -attrition; Laurel and Ivy are not growing in <em>New-England</em>: -the <em>Indians</em> will rub two sear’d sticks of any sort of -wood, and kindle a fire with them presently.</p> - -<p>The Maple-tree, on the boughs of this Tree I have often -found a jellied substance like <em>Jewes-Ears</em>, which I found -upon tryal to be as good for sore throats <em>&c.</em></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_57"></a>[57]</span></p> - -<p>The Birch-tree is of two kinds, ordinary Birch, and -black Birch, many of these Trees are stript of their bark -by the <em>Indians</em>, who make of it their Canows, Kettles, [p. -70.] and Birchen-dishes: there is an excrescence growing -out of the body of the Tree called spunck, or dead mens -Caps, it growes at the Roots of Ash, or Beech, or Elm; -but the best is that which growes upon the black Birch, -this boiled and beaten, and then dried in an Oven maketh -excellent Touch-wood, and Balls to play with.</p> - -<p>Alder, of which wood there is abundance in the wet -swamps: the bark thereof with the yolke of an Egg is -good for a strain; an <em>Indian</em> bruising of his knee, chew’d -the bark of Alder fasting and laid it to, which quickly -helped him. The wives of our West-Countrey English -make a drink with the seeds of Alder, giving it to their -Children troubled with the <em>Alloes</em>. I have talk’d with -many of them, but could never apprehend what disease it -should be they so name, these Trees are called by some -Sullinges.</p> - -<p>The <em>Indians</em> tell of a Tree that growes far up in the -land, that is as big as an Oake, that will cure the falling-sickness -infallibly, what part thereof they use, Bark, Wood, -leaves or fruit, I could never learn; they promised often -to bring of it to me, but did not. I have seen a stately -Tree growing here and there in valleys, not like to any -Trees in Europe, having a smooth bark of [p. 71.] a dark -brown colour, the leaves like great Maple, in <em>England</em> -called Sycamor, but larger, it may be this is the Tree they -brag of.</p> - -<p>Thus much concerning Trees, now I shall present to -your view the Shrubs; and first of the Sumach Shrub,<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_58"></a>[58]</span> -which as I have told you in <em>New-Englands</em> rarities, differeth -from all the kinds set down in our <em>English</em> Herbals; -the root dyeth wool or cloth reddish, the decoction -of the leaves in wine drunk, is good for all Fluxes of the -belly in man or woman, the whites, <em>&c.</em> For galled -places stamp the leaves with honey, and apply it, nothing -so soon healeth a wound in the head as Sumach stampt and -applyed once in three dayes, the powder strewed in stayeth -the bleeding of wounds: The seed of Sumach pounded and -mixt with honey, healeth the Hemorrhoids, the gum put -into a hollow tooth asswageth the pain, the bark or berries -in the fall of the leaf, is as good as galls to make Ink of.</p> - -<p>Elder in <em>New-England</em> is shrubbie, & dies once in two -years: there is a sort of dwarf-Elder that growes by the -Sea-side that hath a red pith, the berries of both are -smaller than <em>English</em>-Elder, not round but corner’d, neither -of them smell so strong as ours.</p> - -<p>Juniper growes for the most part by the Sea-side, it -bears abundance of skie-coloured [p. 72.] berries fed upon -by Partridges, and hath a woodie root, which induceth me -to believe that the plant mention’d in Job 30. 4. <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Qui -decerpebant herbas é salsilagine cum stirpibus: etiam radices -Juniperorum cibo erant illis</i>, was our <em>Indian</em> plant -<em>Cassava</em>. They write that <em>Juniper</em>-coals preserve fire -longest of any, keeping fire a whole year without supply, -yet the <em>Indian</em> never burns of it.</p> - -<p>Sweet fern, see the rarities of <em>New England</em>, the tops -and nucaments of sweet fern boiled in water or milk and -drunk helpeth all manner of Fluxes, being boiled in water -it makes an excellent liquor for Inck.</p> - -<p>Current-bushes are of two kinds red and black, the<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_59"></a>[59]</span> -black currents which are larger than the red smell like -cats piss, yet are reasonable pleasant in eating.</p> - -<p>The Gooseberry-bush, the berry of which is called Grosers -or thorn Grapes, grow all over the Countrie, the berry -is but small, of a red or purple colour when ripe.</p> - -<p>There is a small shrub which is very common, growing -sometimes to the height of Elder, bearing a berry like in -shape to the fruit of the white thorn, of a pale yellow colour -at first, then red, when it is ripe of a deep purple, of -a delicate Aromatical tast, somewhat stiptick: to conclude, -[p. 73.] alwayes observe this rule in taking or refusing -unknown fruit: if you find them eaten of the fowl or -beast, you may boldly venture to eat of them, otherwise do -not touch them.</p> - -<p><em>Maze</em>, otherwise called <em>Turkie</em>-wheat, or rather <em>Indian</em>-wheat, -because it came first from thence; the leaves -boiled and drunk helpeth pain in the back; of the stalks -when they are green you may make <em>Beverage</em>, as they do -with <em>Calamels</em>, or Sugar-canes. The raw Corn chewed -ripens felons or Cats hairs, or you may lay Samp to it: -The <em>Indians</em> before it be thorow ripe eat of it parched. -Certainly the parched corn that <em>Abigail</em> brought to <em>David</em> -was of this kind of grain, 1 Sam. 25. 18. <em>The Jewes -manner was (as it is delivered to us by a learned Divine) -first to parch their Corn, then they fryed it, and lastly they -boiled it to a paste, and then tempered it with water, Cheese-Curds, -Honey and Eggs, this they carried drye with them -to the Camp, and so wet the Cakes in Wine or milk; such -was the pulse too of</em> Africa.</p> - -<p><em>French</em>-beans, or rather <em>American</em>-beans, the Herbalists -call them kidney-beans from their shape and effects, for<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_60"></a>[60]</span> -they strengthen the kidneys; they are variegated much, -some being bigger a great deal than others; some [p. 74.] -white, black, red, yellow, blew, spotted; besides your -<em>Bonivis</em> and <em>Calavances</em> and the kidney-bean, that is -proper to <em>Ronoake</em>, but these are brought into the Countrie, -the other are natural to the climate. So the <em>Mexico</em> -pompion which is flat and deeply camphered, the flesh -laid to, asswageth pain of the eyes. The water-mellon is -proper to the Countrie, the flesh of it is of a flesh colour, -a rare cooler of Feavers, and excellent against the stone. -<em>Pomum spinosum</em> and <em>palma-Christi</em> too growes not here, -unless planted, brought from <em>Peru</em>; the later is thought -to be the plant, that shaded Jonah <em>the Prophet</em>, Jonas 4. 6. -<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Paraverat enim</i> Jehova <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Deus ricinum qui ascenderet supra</i> -Jonam, <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">ut esset umbra super caput ejus ereptura eum à -malo ipsius; lætabaturque</i> Jonas <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">de ricino illo lætitia -magna</i>. <em>Ricinum</em>, that is <em>palma Christi</em>, called also <em>cucurbita</em>, -and therefore translated a Gourd.</p> - -<p>Tobacco, or <em>Tabacca</em> so called from <em>Tabaco</em> or <em>Tabago</em>, -one of the <em>Caribbe</em>-Islands about 50 <em>English</em> miles from -<em>Trinidad</em>. The right name, according to <em>Monardus</em>, is -<em>picielte</em>, as others will <em>petum</em>, <em>nicotian</em> from <em>Nicot</em>, a Portingal, -to whom it was presented for a raritie in <em>Anno -Dom.</em> 1559. by one that brought it from <em>Florida</em>. Great -contest there is about the time when it was first [p. 75.] -brought into <em>England</em>, some will have Sir <em>John Hawkins</em> -the first, others Sir <em>Francis Drake’s</em> Mariners; others -again say that one Mr. <em>Lane</em> imployed by Sir <em>Walter Rawleigh</em> -brought it first into England; all conclude that Sir -<em>Walter Rawleigh</em> brought it first in use. <em>It is observed that -no one kind of forraign Commodity yieldeth greater advantage<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_61"></a>[61]</span> -to the publick than Tobacco, it is generally made the -complement of our entertainment, and hath made more -slaves than</em> Mahomet. There is three sorts of it Marchantable, -the first horse Tobacco, having a broad long -leaf piked at the end; the second round pointed Tobacco; -third sweet scented Tobacco. These are made up into -Cane, leaf or ball; there is little of it planted in <em>New-England</em>, -neither have they learned the right way of curing -of it. It is sowen in <em>April</em> upon a bed of rich mould -sifted, they make a bed about three yards long, or more -according to the ground they intend to plant, and a yard -and a half over; this they tread down hard, then they sow -their seed upon it as thick as may be, and sift fine earth -upon it, then tread it down again as hard as possible they -can, when it hath gotten four or six leaves, they remove it -into the planting ground; when it begins to bud towards -flowring, they crop off the [p. 76.] top, for the Flower -drawes away the strength of the leaf. For the rest I refer -you to the Planter, being not willing to discover their -mysteries. The <em>Indians</em> in <em>New-England</em> use a small -round leafed Tobacco, called by them, or the Fishermen -Poke. <em>It is odious to the</em> English. <em>The vertues of Tobacco -are these, it helps digestion, the Gout, the Tooth-ach, -prevents infection by scents, it heats the cold, and cools them -that sweat, feedeth the hungry, spent spirits restoreth, purgeth -the stomach, killeth nits and lice; the juice of the green -leaf healeth green wounds, although poysoned; the Syrup -for many diseases, the smoak for the Phthisick, cough of the -lungs, distillations of Rheume, and all diseases of a cold -and moist cause, good for all bodies cold and moist taken -upon an emptie stomach, taken upon a full stomach it precipitates<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_62"></a>[62]</span> -digestion, immoderately taken it dryeth the body, -enflameth the bloud, hurteth the brain, weakens the eyes and -the sinews.</em></p> - -<p>White <em>Hellebore</em> is used for the Scurvie by the <em>English</em>. -A friend of mine gave them first a purge, then conserve -of Bear-berries, then fumed their leggs with vinegar, -sprinkled upon a piece of mill-stone made hot, and applied -to the sores white <em>Hellebore</em> leaves; drink made of -<em>Orpine</em> and <em>sorrel</em> were given likewise with it, and [p. 77.] -Sea-scurvie-grass. To kill lice, boil the roots of <em>Hellebore</em> -in milk, and anoint the hair of the head therewith or -other places.</p> - -<p><em>Mandrake</em>, is a very rare plant, the <em>Indians</em> know it not, -it is found in the woods about <em>Pascataway</em>, they do in -plain terms stink, therefore <em>Reubens</em> Flowers that he -brought home were not <em>Mandrakes</em>, Gen. 30. 14, 15, 16. -<em>They are rendered in the Latine</em> <span lang="la" xml:lang="la">Amabiles flores</span>, <em>the same -word say our Divines is used in</em> Canticles, 7. 4. <span lang="la" xml:lang="la">Amabiles -istos flores edentes odorem, & secundum ostia nostra -omnes pretiosos fructus, recentes simulac veteres, dilecte -mi, repono tibi.</span> <em>So that the right translation is</em>, Reuben -<em>brought home amiable and sweet smelling Flowers; this in -the</em> Canticles (<em>say they</em>) <em>expounding the other</em>.</p> - -<p><em>Calamus Aromaticus</em>, or the sweet smelling reed, it -Flowers in <em>July</em>; see <em>New-Englands</em> rarities.</p> - -<p><em>Sarsaparilla</em> or roughbind-weed (as some describe it) -the leaves and whole bind set with thorns, of this there is -store growing upon the banks of Ponds. See the rarities -of <em>New-England</em>. The leaves of the <em>Sarsaparilla</em> there -described pounded with Hogs grease and boiled to an -unguent, is excellent in the curing of wounds.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_63"></a>[63]</span></p> - -<p>Live for ever, it is a kind of <em>Cud-weed</em>, [p. 78.] flourisheth -all summer long till cold weather comes in, it growes -now plentifully in our <em>English</em> Gardens, it is good for -cough of the lungs, and to cleanse the breast taken as you -do Tobacco; and for pain in the head the decoction, or -the juice strained and drunk in Bear, Wine, or Aqua -vitæ, killeth worms. The Fishermen when they want -Tobacco take this herb being cut and dryed.</p> - -<p><em>Lysimachus</em> or Loose-strife: there are several kinds, but -the most noted is the yellow <em>Lysimachus</em> of <em>Virginia</em>, the -root is longish and white, as thick as ones thumb, the -stalkes of an overworn colour, and a little hairie, the middle -vein of the leaf whitish, the Flower yellow and like -Primroses, and therefore called Tree-primrose, growes -upon seedie vessels, <em>&c.</em> The first year it growes not up -to a stalke, but sends up many large leaves handsomely -lying one upon another, Rose fashion, Flowers in <em>June</em>, the -seed is ripe in <em>August</em>, this as I have said is taken by the -<em>English</em> for Scabious.</p> - -<p>St. <em>John’s</em> wort, it preserveth Cheese made up in it, at Sea.</p> - -<p>Spurge or Wolfes milch there are several sorts.</p> - -<p><em>Avens</em>, or herb-bennet; you have an account of it in -<em>New-Englands</em> rarities, but one [p. 79.] thing more I -shall add, that you may plainly perceive a more masculine -quality in the plants growing in <em>New-England</em>. A -neighbour of mine in Hay-time, having overheat himself, -and melted his grease, with striving to outmowe another -man, fell dangerously sick, not being able to turn himself -in his bed, his stomach gon, and his heart fainting ever -and anon; to whom I administered the decoction of <em>Avens</em>-Roots -and leaves in water and wine, sweetning it with<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_64"></a>[64]</span> -Syrup of Clove-Gilliflowers, in one weeks time it recovered -him, so that he was able to perform his daily work, -being a poor planter or husbandman as we call them.</p> - -<p>Red-Lilly growes all over the Countrey amongst the -bushes. Mr. <em>Johnson</em> upon <em>Gerard</em> takes the Tulip to be -the Lilly of the field mentioned by our Saviour, Matth. -6. 28, 29. <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Ac de vestitu quid soliciti estis? discite quomodo -lilia agrorum augescant: non fatigantur, neque nent, sed -dico vobis, ne Solomonem quidem cum universa gloria sic -amictum fuisse ut unum ex istis.</i> Solomon <em>in all his Royalty -was not like one of them. His reasons are, first from -the shape, like a lilly; The second, because those places where -our Saviour was conversant they grow wild in the fields. -Third, the infinite variety of the</em> [p. 80.] <em>colours. The -fourth and last reason, the wondrous beautie and mixture -of these Flowers.</em></p> - -<p>Water-lillys; the black roots dryed and pulverized, are -wondrous effectual in the stopping of all manner of fluxes -of the belly, drunk with wine or water.</p> - -<p><em>Herba-paris</em>, one berry, herb true love, or four-leaved -night-shade, the leaves are good to be laid upon hot -tumours.</p> - -<p><em>Umbilicus veneris</em>, or <em>New-England</em> daisie, it is good for -hot humours, <em>Erisipelas</em>, St. <em>Anthonie’s</em> fire, all inflammations.</p> - -<p><em>Glass-wort</em>, a little quantity of this plant you may take -for the Dropsie, but be very careful that you take not too -much, for it worketh impetuously.</p> - -<p>Water-plantane, called in <em>New-England</em> water Suck-leaves, -and Scurvie-leaves, you must lay them whole to the -leggs to draw out water between the skin and the flesh.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_65"></a>[65]</span></p> - -<p><em>Rosa-solis</em>, Sun-dew, moor-grass, this plant I have seen -more of, than ever I saw in my whole life before in <em>England</em>, -a man may gather upon some marish-grounds an -incredible quantity in a short time; towards the middle -of <em>June</em> it is in its season, for then its spear is shot out to -its length, of which they take hold and pull the whole -plant up by the roots from the moss with ease.</p> - -<p>[p. 81.] <em>Amber</em>-greese I take to be a Mushroom, see the -rarities of <em>New-England</em>. Monardus <em>writeth that</em> Amber<em>-greese -riseth out of a certain clammy and bituminous earth -under the Seas, and by the Sea-side, the billows casting up -part of it a land, and fish devour the rest; Some say it is -the seed of a Whale, others, that it springeth from fountains -as pitch doth, which fishes swallow down; the air congealeth -it.</em> And sometimes it is found in the crevises and corners -of Rocks.</p> - -<p><em>Fuss-balls</em>, <em>Mullipuffes</em> called by the Fishermen Wolves-farts, -are to be found plentifully, and those bigger by -much than any I have seen in <em>England</em>.</p> - -<p><em>Coraline</em> there is infinite store of it cast upon the shore, -and another plant that is more spinie, of a Red colour, -and as hard as Corral. <em>Coraline</em> laid to the gout easeth -the pain.</p> - -<p>Sea-Oake or wreach, or Sea-weed, the black pouches -of Oar-weed dryed and pulverized, and drunk with White-wine, -is an excellent remedy for the stone.</p> - -<p>I will finish this part of my relation concerning plants, -with an admirable plant for the curing and taking away -of Corns, which many times sore troubleth the Traveller: -it is not above a handful high; the little branches are -woodie, the leaves like [p. 82.] the leaves of Box, but<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_66"></a>[66]</span> -broader and much thicker, hard and of a deep grass-green -colour; this bruised or champt in the mouth and laid -upon the Corn will take it away clean in one night. And -observe all <em>Indian</em> Trees and plants, their Roots are but -of small depth, and so they must be set.</p> - -<p>Of Beasts of the earth there be scarce 120 several kinds, -and not much more of the Fowls of the Air, is the opinion -of some Naturalists; there are not many kinds of -Beasts in <em>New-England</em>, they may be divided into Beasts -of the Chase of the stinking foot, as <em>Roes</em>, <em>Foxes</em>, <em>Jaccals</em>, -<em>Wolves</em>, <em>Wild-cats</em>, <em>Raccons</em>, <em>Porcupines</em>, <em>Squncks</em>, <em>Musquashes</em>, -<em>Squirrels</em>, <em>Sables</em>, and <em>Mattrises</em>; and Beasts of -the Chase of the sweet foot, <em>Buck</em>, Red <em>Dear</em>, Rain-<em>Dear</em>, -<em>Elke</em>, <em>Marouse</em>, <em>Maccarib</em>, <em>Bear</em>, <em>Beaver</em>, <em>Otter</em>, <em>Marten</em>, -<em>Hare</em>.</p> - -<p>The <em>Roe</em> a kind of Deer, and the fleetest Beast upon -earth is here to be found, and is good venison, but not -over fat.</p> - -<p>The <em>Fox</em>, the male is called a dog-fox, the female a -bitch-fox, they go a clicketing the beginning of the spring, -and bring forth their Cubs in <em>May</em> and <em>June</em>. There are -two or three kinds of them; one a great yellow <em>Fox</em>, another -grey, who will climb up into Trees; the black <em>Fox</em> -is of much esteem. <em>Foxes</em> and <em>Wolves</em> are usually hunted -[p. 83.] in <em>England</em> from <em>Holy-Rood</em> day, till the <em>Annunciation</em>. -In <em>New-England</em> they make best sport in the -depth of winter; they lay a sledg-load of Cods-heads on -the other side of a paled fence when the moon shines, -and about nine or ten of the clock the <em>Foxes</em> come to it, -sometimes two or three, or half a dozen, and more; these -they shoot, and by that time they have cased them, there<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_67"></a>[67]</span> -will be as many; So they continue shooting and killing -of <em>Foxes</em> as long as the moon shineth; I have known half -a score kill’d in one night. Their pisles are bonie like a -doggs, their fat liquified and put into the ears easeth the -pain, their tails or bushes are very fair ones and of good -use, but their skins are so thin (yet thick set with deep -furr) that they will hardly hold the dressing.</p> - -<p><em>Jaccals</em> there be abundance, which is a Creature much -like a <em>Fox</em>, but smaller, they are very frequent in <em>Palæstina</em>, -or the <em>Holy-land</em>.</p> - -<p>The <em>Wolf</em> seeketh his mate and goes a clicketing at -the same season with <em>Foxes</em>, and bring forth their whelps -as they do, but their kennels are under thick bushes by -great Trees in remote places by the swamps, he is to be -hunted as the <em>Fox</em> from <em>Holy-rood</em> day till the <em>Annunciation</em>. -But there [p. 84.] they have a quicker way to destroy -them. See <em>New-Englands</em> rarities. They commonly -go in routs, a rout of <em>Wolves</em> is 12 or more, sometimes by -couples. In 1664. we found a <em>Wolf</em> asleep in a small dry -swamp under an Oake, a great mastiff which we had with -us seized upon him, and held him till we had put a rope -about his neck, by which we brought him home, and -tying of him to a stake we bated him with smaller Doggs, -and had excellent sport; but his hinder legg being broken, -they knockt out his brains. Sometime before this we had -an excellent course after a single <em>Wolf</em> upon the hard -sands by the Sea-side at low water for a mile or two, at -last we lost our doggs, it being (as the <em>Lancashire</em> people -phrase it) twi-light, that is almost dark, and went beyond -them, for a mastiff-bitch had seized upon the <em>Wolf</em> being -gotten into the Sea, and there held him, till one went in<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_68"></a>[68]</span> -and led him out, the bitch keeping her hold till they had -tyed his leggs, and so carried him home like a Calf upon -a staff between two men; being brought into the house -they unbound him and set him upon his leggs, he not -offering in the least to bite, or so much as to shew his -teeth, but clapping his stern betwixt his leggs, and leering -towards the door would willingly have had his liberty, -[p. 85.] but they served him as they did the other, knockt -his brains out, for our doggs were not then in a condition -to bate him; their eyes shine by night as a Lanthorn: -the Fangs of a <em>Wolf</em> hung about childrens necks keep -them from frighting, and are very good to rub their -gums with when they are breeding of Teeth, the gall of a -<em>Wolf</em> is Soveraign for swelling of the sinews; the fiants or -dung of a <em>Wolf</em> drunk with white-wine helpeth the <em>Collick</em>.</p> - -<p>The <em>Wild-cat</em>, <em>Lusern</em> or <em>luceret</em>, or Ounce as some call -it, is not inferiour to Lamb, their grease is very soveraign -for lameness upon taking cold.</p> - -<p>The <em>Racoon</em> or <em>Rattoon</em> is of two sorts, gray <em>Rattoons</em>, -and black <em>Rattoons</em>, their grease is soveraign for wounds -with bruises, aches, streins, bruises; and to anoint after -broken bones and dislocations.</p> - -<p>The <em>Squnck</em> is almost as big as a <em>Racoon</em>, perfect black -and white or pye-bald, with a bush-tail like a <em>Fox</em>, an offensive -Carion; the Urine of this Creature is of so strong -a scent, that if it light upon any thing, there is no abiding -of it, it will make a man smell, though he were of <em>Alexanders</em> -complexion; and so sharp that if he do but whisk his -bush which he pisseth upon in the face of a dogg hunting -of him, and that [p. 86.] any of it light in his eyes it -will make him almost mad with the smart thereof.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_69"></a>[69]</span></p> - -<p>The <em>Musquashes</em> is a small Beast that lives in shallow -ponds, where they build them houses of earth and sticks -in shape like mole-hills, and feed upon <em>Calamus Aromaticus</em>: -in <em>May</em> they scent very strong of Muske; their furr -is of no great esteem; their stones wrapt up in Cotten-wool -will continue a long time, and are good to lay -amongst cloths to give them a grateful smell.</p> - -<p>The <em>Squirril</em>, of which there are three sorts, the mouse-squirril, -the gray squirril, and the flying squirril, called by -the <em>Indian</em> <em>Assapanick</em>. The mouse-squirril is hardly so -big as a Rat, streak’d on both sides with black and red -streaks, they are mischievous vermine destroying abundance -of Corn both in the field and in the house, where -they will gnaw holes into Chests, and tear clothes both -linnen and wollen, and are notable nut-gathers in <em>August</em>; -when hasel and filbert nuts are ripe you may see -upon every Nut-tree as many mouse-squirrils as leaves; -So that the nuts are gone in a trice, which they convey -to their Drays or Nests. The gray squirril is pretty large, -almost as big as a Conie, and are very good meat: in -some parts of the Countrie there are many of them. The -flying squirril is so called, [p. 87.] because (his skin being -loose and large) he spreads it on both sides like wings -when he passeth from one Tree to another at great distance. -I cannot call it flying nor leaping, for it is both.</p> - -<p>The <em>Mattrise</em> is a Creature whose head and fore-parts is -shaped somewhat like a Lyons, not altogether so big as a -house-cat, they are innumerable up in the Countrey, and -are esteemed good furr.</p> - -<p>The <em>Sable</em> is much of the size of a <em>Mattrise</em> perfect -black, but what store there is of them I cannot tell, I -never saw but two of them in Eight years space.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_70"></a>[70]</span></p> - -<p>The <em>Martin</em> is as ours are in <em>England</em>, but blacker, -they breed in holes which they make in the earth like -Conies, and are innumerable, their skins or furr are in -much request.</p> - -<p>The <em>Buck</em>, <em>Stag</em>, and <em>Rain-Dear</em> are Creatures that will -live in the coldest climates, here they are innumerable, -bringing forth three <em>Fawns</em> or <em>Calves</em> at a time, which -they hide a mile asunder to prevent their destruction by -the <em>Wolves</em>, wild-<em>Cats</em>, <em>Bears</em>, and <em>Mequans</em>: when they -are in season they will be very fat; there are but few slain -by the <em>English</em>. The <em>Indians</em> who shoot them, and take -of them with toyls, bring them in [p. 88.] with their suet, -and the bones that grow upon <em>Stags-Hearts</em>.</p> - -<p>The <em>Moose</em> or <em>Elke</em> is a Creature, or rather if you will -a Monster of superfluity; a full grown <em>Moose</em> is many -times bigger than an <em>English</em> Oxe, their horns as I have -said elsewhere, very big (and brancht out into palms) the -tips whereof are sometimes found to be two fathom asunder, -(a fathom [p. 89.] is six feet from the tip of one finger -to the tip of the other, that is four cubits,) and in height -from the toe of the fore-foot, to the pitch of the shoulder -twelve foot, both which hath been taken by some of my -<em>sceptique</em> Readers to be monstrous lyes. If you consider -the breadth that the beast carrieth, and the magnitude of -the horns, you will be easily induced to contribute your -belief.</p> - -<p>What would you say, if I should tell you that in <em>Greenland</em> -there are <em>Does</em> that have as large horns as <em>Bucks</em>, -their brow Antlers growing downwards beyond their -<em>Musles</em>, and broad at the end wherewith they scrape away -the snow to the grass, it being impossible for them other-wayes -to live in those cold Countries; the head of one of<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_71"></a>[71]</span> -these <em>Does</em> was sometime since nailed upon a sign-post in -<em>Charter-house-lane</em>, and these following verses written upon -a board underneath it.</p> - -<div class="poetry-container"> -<div class="poetry"> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>Like a</em> Bucks<em>-head I stand in open view,</em></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>And yet am none; nay, wonder not, ’tis true;</em></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>The living Beast that these fair horns did owe</em></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>Well known to many, was a</em> Green-land Doe</div> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>The proverb old is here fulfill’d in me,</em></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>That every like is not the same you see.</em></div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>And for their height since I came into <em>England</em> I have -read Dr. <em>Scroderns</em> his Chymical dispensatory translated -into <em>English</em> by Dr. <em>Rowland</em>, where he writes <em>that when -he lived in</em> Finland <em>under</em> Gustavus Horn, <em>he saw an</em> Elke -<em>that was killed and presented to</em> Gustavus <em>his Mother, seventeen -spans high</em>. Law you now Sirs of the Gibing crue, -if you have any skill in mensuration, tell me what difference -there is between Seventeen spans and twelve foot. -There are certain transcendentia in every Creature, which -are the indelible Characters of God, and which discover -God; There’s a prudential for you, as <em>John Rhodes</em> the -Fisherman used to say to his mate, <em>Kitt Lux</em>. But to go -on with the <em>Moose</em>; they are accounted a kind of Deer, -and have three <em>Calves</em> at a time, which they hide a mile -asunder too, as other Deer do, their skins make excellent -Coats for Martial men, their sinews which are as [p. 90.] -big as a mans finger are of perdurable toughness and -much used by the <em>Indians</em>, the bone that growes upon -their heart is an excellent Cordial, their bloud is as thick -as an <em>Asses</em> or <em>Bulls</em> who have the thickest bloud of all<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_72"></a>[72]</span> -others, a man the thinnest. To what age they live I know -not, certainly a long time in their proper climate. <em>Some -particular living Creatures cannot live in every particular -place or region, especially with the same joy and felicity as -it did where it was first bred, for the certain agreement of -nature that is between the place and the thing bred in that -place: As appeareth by</em> Elephants<em>, which being translated -and brought out of the Second or Third Climate, though -they may live, yet will they never ingender or bring forth -young.</em> So for plants, Birds, <em>&c.</em> Of both these Creatures, -some few there have been brought into <em>England</em>, -but did not long continue. Sir <em>R. Baker</em> in his Chronicle -tells us of an <em>Elephant</em> in <em>Henry</em> the Thirds Raign, which -he saith was the first that was ever seen there, which as it -seems is an error, unless he restrain it to the <em>Norman’s</em> -time. For Mr. <em>Speed</em> writeth that <em>Claudius Drusius</em> Emperour -of <em>Rome</em> brought in the first in his Army; the -bones of which digg’d up since are taken for Gyants -bones. As for the <em>Moose</em> the first that was seen in <em>England</em>, -[p. 91.] was in King <em>Charles</em> the First Raign; thus -much for these magnals amongst the Creatures of God to -be wondered at, the next beast to be mentioned is</p> - -<p>The <em>Maurouse</em>, which is somewhat like a <em>Moose</em>, but his -horns are but small, and himself about the size of a <em>Stag</em>, -these are the Deer that the flat-footed <em>Wolves</em> hunt after.</p> - -<p>The <em>Maccarib</em> is a Creature not found that ever I -heard yet, but upon <em>Cape-Sable</em> near to the <em>French</em> plantations.</p> - -<p>The <em>Bear</em> when he goes to mate is a terrible Creature, -they bring forth their Cubs in <em>March</em>, hunted with doggs -they take a Tree where they shoot them, when he is fat he<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_73"></a>[73]</span> -is excellent Venison, which is in <em>Acorn</em> time, and in winter, -but then there is none dares to attempt to kill him -but the <em>Indian</em>. He makes his Denn amongst thick -Bushes, thrusting in here and there store of <em>Moss</em>, which -being covered with snow and melting in the day time -with heat of the Sun, in the night is frozen into a thick -coat of Ice; the mouth of his Den is very narrow, here -they lye single, never two in a Den all winter. The <em>Indian</em> -as soon as he finds them, creeps in upon all four, -seizes with his left hand upon the neck of the sleeping -<em>Bear</em>, drags him to the mouth of [p. 92.] the Den, where -with a club or small hatchet in his right hand he knocks -out his brains before he can open his eyes to see his enemy. -But sometimes they are too quick for the <em>Indians</em>, -as one amongst them called black Robin lighting upon a -male <em>Bear</em> had a piece of his buttock torn off before he -could fetch his blow: their grease is very soveraign. One -Mr. <em>Purchase</em> cured himself of the <em>Sciatica</em> with <em>Bears</em>-greefe, -keeping some of it continually in his groine. It is -good too for swell’d Cheeks upon cold, for Rupture of the -hands in winter, for limbs taken suddenly with <em>Sciatica</em>, -<em>Gout</em>, or other diseases that cannot stand upright nor go, -bed-rid; it must be well chaft in, and the same cloth laid -on still; it prevents the shedding of the hair occasioned by -the coldness of winters weather; and the yard of a <em>Bear</em> -which as a Doggs or Foxes is bonie, is good for to expell -Gravel out of the kidneys and bladder, as I was there -told by one Mr. <em>Abraham Philater</em> a <em>Jersey-man</em>.</p> - -<p>The <em>Beaver</em> or Pound-dog is an Amphibious Creature, -lives upon the land as well as in the water. I suppose -they feed upon fish, but am sure that the Bark of Trees is<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_74"></a>[74]</span> -also their food; there is an old proverbial saying, <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">sic me -jubes quotidie, ut fiber salicem</i>: you love me as the <em>Beaver</em> -doth the willow; [p. 93.] who eateth the Bark and killeth -the Tree. They will be tame, witness the <em>Beaver</em> that not -long since was kept at <em>Boston</em> in the <em>Massachusets-Bay</em>, -and would run up and down the streets, returning home -without a call. Their skins are highly valued, and their -stones are good for the palsie, trembling, and numbness of -the hands, boiling of them in Oyl of <em>Spike</em>, and anointing -the sinews in the neck. If you take of <em>Castorium</em> two -drams, of womans hair one dram, and with a little Rozen -of the <em>Pine</em>-Tree, make it up into pills as big as Filberts -and perfume a woman in a fit of the mother with one at -a time laid upon coals under her nostrils, it will recover -her out of her fit. The grease of a <em>Beaver</em> is good for the -Nerves, Convulsions, Epilepsies, Apoplexies <em>&c.</em> The tail -as I have said in another Treatise, is very fat and of a -masculine vertue, as good as <em>Eringo’s</em> or <em>Satyrion</em>-Roots.</p> - -<p>The <em>Otter</em> or River-<em>Dog</em> is Amphibious too, he hunteth -for his kind in the spring, and bringeth forth his whelps -as the <em>Beaver</em> doth, they are generally black, and very -numerous, they are hunted in <em>England</em> from <em>Shrovetide</em> -untill <em>Midsummer</em>, but in <em>New-England</em> they take them -when they can. The skin of an <em>Otter</em> is worth Ten Shillings, -[p. 94.] and the Gloves made thereof are the best -fortification for the hands against wet weather that can be -thought of, the furr is excellent for muffs, and is almost as -dear as <em>Beaver</em>, the grease of an <em>Otter</em> will make fish turn -up their bellies, and is of rare use for many things.</p> - -<p>The <em>Hare</em>, I have no more to write of them than that -they kindle in hollow Trees. What else concerns him, or<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_75"></a>[75]</span> -any of the fore-mentioned Creatures you have in my <em>New-Englands</em> -rarities, to which I refer you.</p> - -<p>The <em>Porcupine</em> likewise I have treated of, only this I -forgot to acquaint you with, that they lay Eggs, and are -good meat.</p> - -<p>The last kind of Beasts are they that are begot by -equivocal generation, as <em>Mules</em> and several others, that -when the Beasts were brought by the Almighty Creator -to <em>Adam</em>, who gave them names, were not then in <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">rerum -natura</i>. Of these there are not many known in <em>New-England</em>. -I know but of one, and that is the <em>Indian</em> dog -begotten betwixt a <em>Wolf</em> and a <em>Fox</em>, or between a <em>Fox</em> -and a <em>Wolf</em>, which they made use of, taming of them, and -bringing of them up to hunt with, but since the <em>English</em> -came amongst them they have gotten store of our dogs, -which they bring up and keep in as much subjection as -they do their webbs.</p> - -<p>[p. 95.] Of birds there are not many more than 120 -kinds as our Naturalists have conjectured, but I think -they are deceived; they are divided into land-birds and -water-birds, the land-birds again into birds of prey, birds -for meat, singing-birds and others.</p> - -<p>The <em>Pilhannaw</em> is the King of Birds of prey in <em>New-England</em>, -some take him to be a kind of <em>Eagle</em>, others for -the <em>Indian-Ruck</em> the biggest Bird that is, except the <em>Ostrich</em>. -One Mr. <em>Hilton</em> living at <em>Pascataway</em>, had the hap -to kill one of them: being by the Sea-side he perceived -a great shadow over his head, the Sun shining out clear, -calling up his eyes he saw a monstrous Bird soaring aloft -in the air, and of a sudden all the <em>Ducks</em> and <em>Geese</em>, (there -being then a great many) dived under water, nothing of<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_76"></a>[76]</span> -them appearing but their heads. Mr. <em>Hilton</em> having made -readie his piece, shot and brought her down to the ground, -how he disposed of her I know not, but had he taken her -alive & sent her over into <em>England</em>, neither <em>Bartholomew</em> -nor <em>Sturbridge</em>-Fair could have produced such another -sight.</p> - -<p><em>Hawkes</em> there are of several kinds, as <em>Goshawkes</em>, <em>Falcons</em>, -<em>Laniers</em>, <em>Sparrow-hawkes</em>, and a little black <em>hawke</em> -highly prized by the <em>Indians</em> who wear them on their [p. 96.] -heads, and is accounted of worth sufficient to ransome -a <em>Sagamour</em>: they are so strangely couragious and -hardie, that nothing flyeth in the Air that they will not -bind with. I have seen them tower so high, that they -have been so small that scarcely could they be taken by -the eye. <em>Hawkes</em> grease is very good for sore eyes.</p> - -<p>The <em>Osprey</em> I have treated of. There is a small Ash-colour -Bird that is shaped like a <em>Hawke</em> with talons and -beak that falleth upon <em>Crowes</em>, mounting up into the Air -after them, and will beat them till they make them cry.</p> - -<p>The <em>Vulture</em> or <em>Geire</em>, which is spoken of in <em>Levit.</em> 11. 14. -and called a <em>Gripe</em>, their skins are good to line doublets -with, and the bones of their head hung about the neck -helpeth the head-ach.</p> - -<p>The <em>Gripe</em>; see <em>New Englands</em> rarities, and for the <em>Turkie</em>-buzzard.</p> - -<p>The <em>Owl</em> the most flagging Bird that is, of which there -are three sorts, a great grey <em>Owl</em> with ears, a little grey -<em>Owl</em>, and a white <em>Owl</em>, which is no bigger than a <em>Thrush</em>. -<em>Plinie</em> writes that the brains of an <em>Owl</em> asswageth the pain -& inflammation in the lap of the ear. And that Eggs of -an <em>Owl</em> put into the liquour that a tospot useth to be drunk<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_77"></a>[77]</span> -with, will make him loath drunkenness [p. 97.] ever after. -But now peradventure some will say, what doth this man -mean to bring <em>Owls</em> to <em>Athens</em>? verily Sirs I presume to -say, had I brought over of the little white <em>Owls</em> they would -have been acceptable, they are good mousers, and pretty -Birds to look upon; the <em>Athenians</em>, no question are better -imployed than to take notice of my <em>Owls</em>, poor ragged -Birds they are and want those glittering golden feathers -that <em>Draiton’s Owl</em> is adorned with, yet they are somewhat -of that nature; if an <em>Athenian</em> chance in this season -of divertisement to cast an eye upon them I shall be glad, -but more glad if he vouchsafe to prune and correct their -feathers, which I confess are discomposed for want of Art; -plain Birds they are, and fit for none but plain men to -manage. Sirs do not mistake me, there’s no man living -honours an <em>Athenian</em> more than I do, especially where I -perceive great abilities concomiting with goodness of -nature: A good nature (saith Mr. <em>Perkins</em>) is the Character -of God, and God is the father of learning, knowledge, -and every good gift, and hath condescended to become -a School-master to us poor mortals, furnishing of us -with Philosophy, Historie, Divinity by his holy Scriptures, -which if we diligently learn and practise, we shall in [p. -98.] time be brought into his Heavenly Academy, where -we shall have fulness and perfection of knowledge eternally. -But there are a Generation of men and women in -this prophane age that despise Gods learning and his -Ushers to the <em>Athenians</em>, choosing to wallow in the pleasures -of sin for a season. I shall conclude this excursion, -with that which a Poet writ sometime since, and then -return to the trimming of my <em>Owl</em>.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_78"></a>[78]</span></p> - -<div class="poetry-container"> -<div class="poetry"> - <div class="verse indent2"><em>Say thou pour’st them Wheat,</em></div> - <div class="verse indent2"><em>And they would</em> Acorns <em>eat;</em></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>’Twere simple fury in thee still to wast</em></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>Thy self, on them that have no tast;</em></div> - <div class="verse indent2"><em>No, give them draff their fill,</em></div> - <div class="verse indent2"><em>Husks, Grains and swill;</em></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>They that love Lees and leave the lustie Wine,</em></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>Envy them not, their palats with the Swine.</em></div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>The <em>Raven</em> is here numerous and Crowes, but <em>Rooks</em>, -<em>Danes</em>, <em>Popinjaes</em>, <em>Megpies</em> there be none. It is observed -that the female of all Birds of prey and Ravin is ever -bigger than the male, more venturous, hardy, and watchful: -but such Birds as do not live by prey and Ravin, the -male is more large than the female. So much for Birds -of prey, the next are Birds for the dish, and the first of -these is,</p> - -<p>[p. 99.] The <em>Turkie</em>, which is in <em>New-England</em> a very -large Bird, they breed twice or thrice in a year, if you -would preserve the young Chickens alive, you must give -them no water, for if they come to have their fill of water -they will drop away strangely, and you will never be able -to rear any of them: they are excellent meat, especially a -<em>Turkie-Capon</em> beyond that, for which Eight shillings was -given, their Eggs are very wholesome and restore decayed -nature exceedingly. But the <em>French</em> say they breed the -Leprosie; the Indesses make Coats of <em>Turkie</em>-feathers -woven for their Children.</p> - -<p>The <em>Partridge</em> is larger than ours, white flesht, but -very dry, they are indeed a sort of <em>Partridges</em> called -<em>Grooses</em>.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_79"></a>[79]</span></p> - -<p>The <em>Pidgeon</em>, of which there are millions of millions, I -have seen a flight of <em>Pidgeons</em> in the spring, and at <em>Michaelmas</em> -when they return back to the Southward for four -or five miles, that to my thinking had neither beginning -nor ending, length nor breadth, and so thick that I could -see no Sun, they joyn Nest to Nest, and Tree to Tree by -their Nests many miles together in <em>Pine</em>-Trees. But of -late they are much diminished, the <em>English</em> taking them -with Nets. I have bought at <em>Boston</em> a dozen of <em>Pidgeons</em> -ready pull’d and garbidgd for three pence, [p. 100.] Ring-<em>Doves</em> -they say are there too, but I could never see any.</p> - -<p>The <em>Snow</em>-Bird is like a <em>Chaf-Finch</em>, go in flocks and -are good meat.</p> - -<p>The singing Birds are <em>Thrushes</em> with red breasts, which -will be very fat and are good meat, so are the <em>Thressels</em>, -<em>Filladies</em> are small singing Birds, <em>Ninmurders</em> little yellow -Birds. <em>New-England</em> Nightingales painted with orient -colours, black, white, blew, yellow, green and scarlet, and -sing sweetly, <em>Wood-larks</em>, <em>Wrens</em>, <em>Swallows</em>, who will sit -upon Trees, and <em>Starlings</em> black as <em>Ravens</em> with scarlet -pinions; other sorts of Birds there are, as the <em>Troculus</em>, -<em>Wag-tail</em>, or <em>Dish-water</em>, which is here of a brown colour, -<em>Titmouse</em> two or three sorts, the Dunneck or hedge-<em>Sparrow</em> -who is starke naked in his winter nest. The golden or -yellow hammer, a Bird about the bigness of a <em>Thrush</em> that -is all over as red as bloud, Wood-<em>Peckers</em> of two or three -sorts, gloriously set out with variety of glittering colours. -The <em>Colibry</em>, <em>Viemalin</em>, or rising or waking Bird, an Emblem -of the Resurrection, and the wonder of little Birds.</p> - -<p>The water-fowl are these that follow, <em>Hookers</em> or wild-<em>Swans</em>, -<em>Cranes</em>, <em>Geese</em> of three sorts, grey, white, and the<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_80"></a>[80]</span> -brant <em>Goose</em>, the first and last are best meat, the white are -[p. 101.] lean and tough and live a long time; whereupon -the proverb, Older than a white <em>Goose</em>; of the skins of the -necks of grey <em>Geese</em> with their Bills the <em>Indians</em> makes -Mantles and Coverlets sowing them together and they -shew prettily. There be four sorts of <em>Ducks</em>, a black -<em>Duck</em>, a brown <em>Duck</em> like our wild <em>Ducks</em>, a grey <em>Duck</em>, -and a great black and white <em>Duck</em>, these frequent Rivers -and Ponds; but of <em>Ducks</em> there be many more sorts, as -<em>Hounds</em>, old <em>Wives</em>, <em>Murres</em>, <em>Doies</em>, <em>Shell-drakes</em>, <em>Shoulers</em> -or <em>Shoflers</em>, <em>Widgeons</em>, <em>Simps</em>, <em>Teal</em>, Blew wing’d, and -green wing’d, Divers or <em>Didapers</em>, or <em>Dip-chicks</em>, <em>Fenduck</em>, -<em>Duckers</em> or <em>Moorhens</em>, <em>Coots</em>, <em>Pochards</em>, a water-fowl like a -<em>Duck</em>, <em>Plungeons</em>, a kind of water-fowl with a long reddish -Bill, <em>Puets</em>, <em>Plovers</em>, <em>Smethes</em>, <em>Wilmotes</em>, a kind of <em>Teal</em>, -<em>Godwits</em>, <em>Humilities</em>, <em>Knotes</em>, <em>Red-Shankes</em>, <em>Wobbles</em>, <em>Loones</em>, -<em>Gulls</em>, white <em>Gulls</em>, or Sea-<em>Cobbs</em>, <em>Caudemandies</em>, <em>Herons</em>, -grey <em>Bitterns</em>, <em>Ox-eyes</em>, <em>Birds</em> called <em>Oxen</em> and <em>Keen</em>, <em>Petterels</em>, -<em>Kings fishers</em>, which breed in the spring in holes in -the Sea-banks, being unapt to propagate in Summer, by -reason of the driness of their bodies, which becomes more -moist when their pores are closed by cold. Most of these -Fowls and Birds are eatable. There are little Birds that -frequent the Sea-shore in flocks called <em>Sanderlins</em>, [p. -102.] they are about the bigness of a <em>Sparrow</em>, and in the -fall of the leaf will be all fat; when I was first in the -Countrie the <em>English</em> cut them into small pieces to put -into their Puddings instead of suet, I have known twelve -score and above kill’d at two shots. I have not done yet, -we must not forget the <em>Cormorant</em>, <em>Shape</em> or <em>Sharke</em>; -though I cannot commend them to our curious palats, the<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_81"></a>[81]</span> -<em>Indians</em> will eat them when they are fley’d, they take them -prettily, they roost in the night upon some Rock that lyes -out in the Sea, thither the <em>Indian</em> goes in his Birch-<em>Canow</em> -when the Moon shines clear, and when he is come -almost to it, he lets his <em>Canow</em> drive on of it self, when he -is come under the Rock he shoves his Boat along till he -come just under the <em>Cormorants</em> watchman, the rest being -asleep, and so soundly do sleep that they will snore like so -many Piggs; the <em>Indian</em> thrusts up his hand of a sudden, -grasping the watchman so hard round about his neck that -he cannot cry out; as soon as he hath him in his <em>Canow</em> -he wrings off his head, and making his <em>Canow</em> fast, he -clambreth to the top of the Rock, where walking softly -he takes them up as he pleaseth, still wringing off their -heads; when he hath slain as many as his <em>Canow</em> can -carry, he gives a shout [p. 103.] which awakens the surviving -<em>Cormorants</em>, who are gone in an instant.</p> - -<p>The next Creatures that you are to take notice of, are -they that live in the Element of water. <em>Pliny</em> reckons -them to be of 177 kinds, but certainly if it be true that -there is no Beast upon Earth, which hath not his like in -the Sea, and which (perhaps) is not in some part parallel’d -in the plants of the Earth; we may by a diligent search -find out many more: of the same opinion is the Poet, who -saith that it is</p> - -<div class="poetry-container"> -<div class="poetry"> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>Affirm’d by some that what on Earth we find,</em></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>The Sea can parallell in shape and kind.</em></div> -</div> -</div> - -<p class="center">Divine <em>Dubertus</em> goes further.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_82"></a>[82]</span></p> - -<div class="poetry-container"> -<div class="poetry"> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>You Divine wits of elder dayes, from whom</em></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>The deep invention of rare works hath come,</em></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>Took you not pattern of our chiefest Tooles</em></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>Out of the lap of</em> Thetis, <em>Lakes, and Pools?</em></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>Which partly in the Waves, part on the edges</em></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>Of craggy Rocks, among their ragged sedges,</em></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>Bring forth abundance of Pins, Spincers, spokes,</em></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>Pikes, piercers, needles, mallets, pipes & yoaks,</em></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>Oars, sails & swords, saws, wedges, razors, rammers,</em></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>Plumes, cornets, knives, wheels, vices, horns and hammers.</em></div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>[p. 104.] Psalm 104.25, 26. <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">In ipso mari magno & spatioso, -illic reptilia sunt atque innumera animantia parva -cum magnis. Illic navea ambulant; balæna quam formasti -ludendo in eo.</i></p> - -<p>And as the females amongst Beasts and Birds of prey -for form and beautie surpass the males, so do they especially -amongst fishes; and those I intend to treat of, I -shall divide into salt-water fish, and fresh-water fish.</p> - -<p>The Sea that <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Piscina mirabilis</i> affords us the greatest -number, of which I shall begin first with the Whale a regal -fish, as all fishes of extraordinary size are accounted, of -these there are (as I have said in another place) seven -kinds, the Ambergreese-<em>Whale</em> the chiefest. <em>Anno Dom.</em> -1668 the 17 of <em>July</em> there was one of them thrown up on -the shore between <em>Winter-harbour</em> and <em>Cape-porpus</em>, about -eight mile from the place where I lived, that was five and -fifty foot long. They are Creatures of a vast magnitude -and strength. The Royal Psalmist, in the 148 psalm, and -the 7 verse, <em>makes mention of them</em>. <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Laudate Jehovam -terrestria; Cete</i> <em>(Dracones as some translate it) &</em> <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">omnes<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_83"></a>[83]</span> -abyssi.</i> <em>And Moses in his history of</em> Job, Job 41. 1. <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">An -extrahas balænam hamo</i>, &c. [p. 105.] <em>Whereby the subtlety -of the Devil is shewed, as also, the greatness and brutishness -of the Devil by the Elephant, in the</em> 10 <em>verse of the -foregoing Chapter. In the book of</em> Jonas <em>prophecies we read -of a great fish</em>, Jonah 1. 17. <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Pararat autem Jehova piscem -magnum, qui obsorberet Jonam.</i> <em>But whether this -were a Whale or not is questioned by some. In the head -(saith Mr.</em> Parkinson <em>the Herbalist) of one only sort of -Whale-fish is found that which is called</em> sperma Cæti, <em>it -lyes in a hole therein, as it were a Well, taken out and -prest that the oyl may come out, the substance is that we use -for</em> sperma Cæti, <em>and hath little or no smell, the oyl smells -strong. See the rarities of</em> New-England.</p> - -<p>The <em>Sea-hare</em> is as big as <em>Grampus</em> or <em>Herrin-hog</em>, and -as white as a sheet; There hath been of them in <em>Black-point</em>-Harbour, -& some way up the river, but we could -never take any of them, several have shot sluggs at them, -but lost their labour.</p> - -<p>The <em>Sturgeon</em> is a Regal fish too, I have seen of them -that have been sixteen foot in length: of their sounds they -make <em>Isinglass</em>, which melted in the mouth is excellent to -seal letters.</p> - -<p><em>Sharkes</em> there are infinite store, who tear the Fishermens -nets to their great loss and hinderance; they are of -two sorts, one flat [p. 106.] headed, the other long-snouted, -the pretious stone in their heads (soveraign for the stone -in a man) so much coveted by the travelling Chirurgeon -is nought else but the brains of the flat-headed <em>Sharke</em>. -With these we may joyn the Dog-fish or Thorn-hound, -who hath two long sharp prickles on his back.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_84"></a>[84]</span></p> - -<p>The <em>Sea-horse</em> or <em>Morse</em> is a kind of monster-fish numerous -about the Isle of <em>Sables</em>, i. e. The sandy Isle. An -Amphibious Creature kill’d for their Teeth and Oyl, -never brings forth more than two at a birth; as also doth -the Soil and Manate or Cow-fish which is supposed to be -the Sea-monster spoken of by <em>Jeremy</em>, <em>Lament.</em> 4. 3. -<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Etiam phocæ præbent mammam, lactant catulos suos;</i> <em>So -the Latins render it</em>, phoca <em>a Sea-Calf or Soil</em>.</p> - -<p>The small <em>Sword-fish</em> is very good meat, the <em>Sea-bat</em> or -<em>Sea-owl</em> a kind of flying fish.</p> - -<p><em>Negroes</em> or <em>Sea-Devils</em> a very ugly fish, having a black -scale, there are three sorts of them, one a hideous fish, -another about two foot long; of these I have seen store in -<em>Black-point</em> Harbour in the water, but never attempted to -take any of them.</p> - -<p><em>Squids</em> a soft fish somewhat like a cudgel, their horns -like a <em>Snails</em>, which sometimes are found to be of an incredible -length, [p. 107.] this fish is much used for bait to -catch a <em>Cod</em>, <em>Hacke</em>, <em>Polluck</em>, and the like Sea-fish.</p> - -<p>The <em>Dolphin</em>, <em>Bonito</em>, or <em>Dozado</em>, the ashes of their teeth -mixed with honey, is good to asswage the pain of breeding -teeth in Children.</p> - -<p>The <em>Sea-bream</em>, <em>Dorado</em>, or <em>Amber-fish</em>, they follow ships -as doth the <em>Dolphin</em>, and are good meat.</p> - -<p>The <em>Mackarel</em>, of which there is choicefull plenty all -summer long, in the spring they are ordinarily 18 inches -long, afterwards there is none taken but what are smaller.</p> - -<p>The <em>Liver-fish</em> like a <em>Whiting</em>.</p> - -<p>The <em>Herrin</em> which are numerous, they take of them all -summer long. In <em>Anno Dom.</em> 1670. they were driven into -<em>Black-point</em> Harbour by other great fish that prey upon<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_85"></a>[85]</span> -them so near the shore, that they threw themselves (it being -high water) upon dry land in such infinite numbers -that we might have gone up half way the leg amongst -them for near a quarter of a mile. We used to qualifie a -pickled <em>Herrin</em> by boiling of him in milk.</p> - -<p>The <em>Alewife</em> is like a <em>herrin</em>, but has a bigger bellie -therefore called an <em>Alewife</em>, they come in the end of <em>April</em> -into fresh [p. 108.] Rivers and Ponds; there hath been -taken in two hours time by two men without any Weyre -at all, saving a few stones to stop the passage of the River, -above ten thousand. The <em>Italian</em> hath a proverb, that he -that hath seen one miracle will easily believe another; but -this relation far from a miracle will peranter meet, instead -of a belief with an Adulterate construction from those -that are somewhat akin to St. <em>Peters</em> mockers, such as -deny the last judgement. I have known in <em>England</em> 9 -score and 16 <em>Pikes</em> and <em>Pickarel</em> taken with three Angles -between the hours of three and ten in the morning, in -the River <em>Owse</em> in the Isle of <em>Ely</em>, three quarters of a yard -long above half of them; they make red <em>Alewives</em> after -the same manner as they do <em>herrins</em> and are as good.</p> - -<p>The <em>Basse</em> is a salt water fish too, but most an end taken -in Rivers where they spawn, there hath been 3000 <em>Basse</em> -taken at a set, one writes that the fat in the bone of a -<em>Basses</em> head is his brains which is a lye.</p> - -<p>The <em>Salmon</em> likewise is a Sea-fish, but as the <em>Basse</em> -comes into Rivers to spawn, a <em>Salmon</em> the first year is a -<em>Salmon-smelt</em>; The second a <em>Mort</em>; The third a <em>Spraid</em>; -The fourth a <em>Soar</em>; The fifth a <em>Sorrel</em>; The sixth [p. -109.] a <em>forket tail</em>; and the seventh year a <em>Salmon</em>. -There are another sort of <em>Salmon</em> frequent in those -parts called white <em>Salmons</em>.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_86"></a>[86]</span></p> - -<p><em>Capeling</em> is a small fish like a smelt.</p> - -<p>The <em>Turtle</em> or <em>Tortoise</em> is of two sorts Sea-<em>Turtles</em> and -land-<em>Turtles</em>: of Sea-<em>Turtles</em> there are five sorts, of land-<em>Turtles</em> -three sorts, one of which is a right land-<em>turtle</em> that -seldom or never goes into the water, the other two being -the River-<em>Turtle</em>, and the pond-<em>Turtle</em>: there are many of -these in the brooke <em>Chyson</em> in the <em>Holy land</em>. The ashes -of a Sea-<em>Turtle</em> mixt with oyl or <em>Bears</em>-grease causeth -hair to grow: the shell of a land-<em>Turtle</em> burnt and the -ashes dissolved in wine and oyl to an unguent healeth -chaps and sores of the feet: the flesh burnt and the ashes -mixt with wine and oyl healeth sore legs: the ashes of the -burnt shell and the whites of eggs compounded together -healeth chaps in womens nipples; and the head pulverized -with it prevents the falling of the hair, and will heal -the Hemorrhoids, first washing of them with white-wine, -and then strewing on the powder.</p> - -<p><em>Lobster</em>, which some say is at first a <em>whelk</em>, I have seen -a <em>Lobster</em> that weighed twenty pound, they cast their shell-coats -in the spring, and so do <em>Crabs</em>; having underneath -a thin red skin which growes thicker and [p. 110.] hard in -short time. The <em>Indians</em> feed much upon this fish, some -they rost, and some they dry as they do <em>Lampres</em> and <em>Oysters</em> -which are delicate breakfast meat so ordered, the <em>Oysters</em> -are long shell’d, I have had of them nine inches long -from the joynt to the toe, containing an <em>Oyster</em> like those -the Latines called <em>Tridacuan</em> that were to be cut into -three pieces before they could get them into their mouths, -very fat and sweet.</p> - -<p>The <em>Muscle</em> is of two sorts, Sea-<em>muscles</em> in which they -find Pearl and river-<em>muscles</em>. Sea-<em>muscles</em> dryed and pulverized<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_87"></a>[87]</span> -and laid upon the sores of the <em>Piles</em> and <em>hemorrhoids</em> -with oyl will perfectly cure them.</p> - -<p>The <em>Whore</em> is a shell-fish, the shells are called whores-eggs, -being fine round white shells, in shape like a <em>Mexico</em> -pompion, but no bigger than a good large Hens-egg; -they are wrought down the sides with little knobs and -holes very prettily, but are but thin and brittle.</p> - -<p>The <em>Perriwig</em> is a shell-fish that lyeth in the Sands flat -and round as a shovel-board piece and very little thicker; -these at a little hole in the middle of the shell thrust out a -cap of hair, but upon the least motion of any danger it -drawes it in again.</p> - -<p><em>Trouts</em> there be good store in every brook, ordinarily -two and twenty inches [p. 111.] long, their grease is good -for the <em>Piles</em> and <em>clifts</em>.</p> - -<p>The <em>Eal</em> is of two sorts, salt-water <em>Eals</em> and fresh-water -<em>Eals</em>; these again are distinguished into yellow bellied -<em>Eals</em> and silver bellied <em>Eals</em>; I never eat better <em>Eals</em> in -no part of the world that I have been in, than are here. -They that have no mind or leasure to take them, may buy -of an <em>Indian</em> half a dozen silver bellied <em>Eals</em> as big as -those we usually give 8 pence or 12 pence a piece for at -<em>London</em>, for three pence or a groat. There is several wayes -of cooking them, some love them roasted, others baked, -and many will have them fryed; but they please my palate -best when they are boiled, a common way it is to boil -them in half water, half wine with the bottom of a manchet, -a fagot of Parsley, and a little winter savory, when -they are boiled they take them out and break the bread -in the broth, and put to it three or four spoonfuls of yest, -and a piece of sweet butter, this they pour to their <em>Eals</em><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_88"></a>[88]</span> -laid upon sippets and so serve it up. I fancie my way -better which is this, after the <em>Eals</em> are fley’d and washt I -fill their bellies with Nutmeg grated and Cloves a little -bruised, and sow them up with a needle and thred, then I -stick a Clove here and there in their sides about an inch -asunder, [p. 112.] making holes for them with a bodkin, -this done I wind them up in a wreath and put them into -a kettle with half water and half white wine-vinegar, so -much as will rise four fingers above the <em>Eals</em>, in midst -of the <em>Eals</em> I put the bottom of a penny white loaf, and a -fagot of these herbs following, Parsley one handful, a little -sweet Marjoram, Peniroyal and Savory, a branch of Rosemary, -bind them up with a thred, and when they are -boiled enough take out the <em>Eals</em> and pull out the threds -that their bellies were sowed up with, turn out the Nutmeg -and Cloves, put the <em>Eals</em> in a dish with butter and -vinegar upon a chafing-dish with coals to keep warm, -then put into the broth three or four spoonfuls of good -Ale-yeast with the juice of half a Lemmon; but before -you put in your yeast beat it in a porringer with some of -the broth, then break the crust of bread very small and -mingle it well together with the broth, pour it into a deep -dish and garnish it with the other half of the Lemmon, -and so serve them up to the Table in two dishes.</p> - -<p>The <em>Frost fish</em> is little bigger than a <em>Gudgeon</em> and are -taken in fresh brooks; when the waters are frozen they -make a hole in the Ice about half a yard or yard wide, to -which the fish repair in great numbers, where with [p. 113.] -small nets bound to a hoop about the bigness of a firkin-hoop -with a staff fastned to it they lade them out of the -hole. I have not done with the fish yet, being willing to<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_89"></a>[89]</span> -let you know all of them that are to be seen and catch’d -in the Sea and fresh waters in <em>New-England</em>, and because -I will not tire your patience overmuch, having no occasion -to enlarge my discourse, I shall only name them and -so conclude.</p> - -<div class="chapter"></div> -<div class="textcol3"> -<p> -<em>Aleport</em><br /> -<em>Albicore</em><br /> -<em>Barracha</em><br /> -<em>Barracontha</em><br /> -<em>Blew-fish</em><br /> -<em>Bull-head</em><br /> -<em>Bur-fish</em><br /> -<em>Cat-fish</em><br /> -<em>Cony-fish</em><br /> -<em>Cusk</em><br /> -<em>Clam</em><br /> -<em>Rock-Cod</em><br /> -<em>Sea-Cod</em><br /> -<em>divers kinds<br /> -of Crabs</em><br /> -<em>Sea-Cucumber</em><br /> -<em>Cunner</em><br /> -<em>Sea-Darts<br /> -or Javelins</em><br /> -<em>Flail-fish</em><br /> -<em>Flounder<br /> -or Flowke</em><br /> -<em>Flying-fish</em><br /> -</p> -</div> - -<div class="textcol3"> -<p> -<em>several kinds<br /> -Sea-Flea</em><br /> -<em>Grandpisse</em><br /> -<em>Hake</em><br /> -<em>Haddock</em><br /> -<em>Horse-foot</em><br /> -<em>Hallibut</em><br /> -<em>Hen-fish</em><br /> -<em>Lampre</em><br /> -<em>Limpin</em><br /> -<em>Lumpe</em><br /> -<em>Maid</em><br /> -<em>Monk-fish</em><br /> -<em>Sea-mullet</em><br /> -<em>Nun-fish</em><br /> -<em>Perch</em><br /> -<em>Polluck</em><br /> -<em>Periwincle</em><br /> -<em>Pike</em><br /> -<em>Pilat-fish</em><br /> -<em>Plaice</em><br /> -<em>Porpisse</em><br /> -<em>Prawne</em><br /> -</p> -</div> - -<div class="textcol3"> -<p> -<em>Purple-fish</em><br /> -<em>Porgee</em><br /> -<em>Remora</em><br /> -<em>Sea-Raven</em><br /> -<em>Sail-fish</em><br /> -<em>Scallop</em><br /> -[p. 114.] <em>Scate</em><br /> -<em>Stingray</em><br /> -<em>Sculpin</em><br /> -<em>Shadd</em><br /> -<em>Spurlin</em><br /> -<em>Sheath-fish</em><br /> -<em>Smelt</em><br /> -<em>Shrimps</em><br /> -<em>Sprates</em><br /> -<em>Star-fish</em><br /> -<em>Swordfish</em><br /> -<em>Thornback</em><br /> -<em>Turbet</em><br /> -<em>The Ulatife<br /> -or saw-fish</em><br /> -<em>Sea-Urchin</em><br /> -<em>Sea-Unichorn</em><br /> -</p> -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_90"></a>[90]</span></p> - -<p>The fish are swum by, and the Serpents are creeping -on, terrible creatures, carrying stings in their tails. That -will smart worse than a <em>Satyrs</em> whip, though it were as -big as Mr. <em>Shepperds</em> the mad Gentleman at <em>Milton-Mowbrayes -Constantinus Lasculus</em>.</p> - -<p>The chief or Captain of these is the Rattle-snake described -already in my Journal, in some places of the Countrey -there are none as at <em>Plimouth</em>, <em>New-town</em>, <em>Nahant</em> -and some other places, they will live on one side of the -River, and but swimming over and coming into the woods -dye immediately.</p> - -<p>The fat of a Rattle-snake is very Soveraign for frozen -limbs, bruises, lameness by falls, Aches, Sprains. The -heart of a Rattle-snake dried and pulverized and drunk -with wine or beer is an approved remedy against the biting -and venome of a Rattle-snake. Some body will give -me thanks for [p. 115.] discovering these secrets and the -rest; <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Non omnibus omnia conveniant</i>.</p> - -<p>The <em>Snake</em> of which there are infinite numbers of various -colours, some black, others painted with red, yellow -and white, some again of a grass-green colour powdered -all over as it were with silver dust or <em>Muscovie</em>-glass. But -there is one sort that exceeds all the rest, and that is the -Checkquered snake, having as many colours within the -checkquers shaddowing one another, as there are in a -Rainbow. There are two sorts of snakes, the land-snake -and the water-snake; the water-snake will be as big about -the belly as the Calf of a mans leg; I never heard of any -mischief that snakes did, they kill them sometimes for -their skins and bones to make hatbands off, their skins -likewise worn as a Garter is an excellent remedie against<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_91"></a>[91]</span> -the cramp. I have found of the skins that they cast in -woods in some quantity, they cast not their very skins, but -only the superfluous thin skin that is upon the very skin, -for the very skin is basted to the flesh, so Lobsters and -Crabs.</p> - -<p>The Earth-worm, these are very rare and as small as a -horse hair, but there is a Bug that lyes in the earth and -eateth the seed, that is somewhat like a Maggot of a white -colour with a red head, and is about [p. 116.] the bigness -of ones finger and an inch or an inch and half long. -There is also a dark dunnish Worm or Bug of the bigness -of an Oaten-straw, and an inch long, that in the spring -lye at the Root of Corn and Garden plants all day, and -in the night creep out and devour them; these in some -years destroy abundance of <em>Indian</em> Corn and Garden -plants, and they have but one way to be rid of them, -which the <em>English</em> have learnt of the <em>Indians</em>; And because -it is somewhat strange, I shall tell you how it is, -they go out into a field or garden with a Birchen-dish, -and spudling the earth about the roots, for they lye not -deep, they gather their dish full which may contain about -a quart or three pints, then they carrie the dish to the -Sea-side when it is ebbing-water and set it a swimming, -the water carrieth the dish into the Sea and within a day -or two if you go into your field you may look your eyes -out sooner than find any of them.</p> - -<p><em>Sow-bugs</em> or <em>Millipedes</em> there be good store, but none -of that sort that are blew and turn round as a pea when -they are touched; neither are there any <em>Beetles</em> nor <em>Maple-bugs</em>, -but a stinking black and red <em>Bug</em> called a <em>Cacarooch</em> -or <em>Cockroach</em>, and a little black <em>Bug</em> like a <em>Lady-cow</em><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_92"></a>[92]</span> -that breeds in skins and furrs and will eat them to -their [p. 117.] utter spoil. Likewise there be infinite -numbers of <em>Tikes</em> hanging upon the bushes in summer -time that will cleave to a mans garments and creep into -his Breeches eating themselves in a short time into the -very flesh of a man. I have seen the stockins of those -that have gone through the woods covered with them. -Besides these there is a <em>Bug</em>, but whether it be a Native -to the Countrie or a stranger I cannot say: Some are of -opinion that they are brought in by the Merchant with -Spanish goods, they infest our beds most, all day they hide -themselves, but when night comes they will creep to the -sleeping wretch and bite him worse than a flea, which -raiseth a swelling knub that will itch intolerably, if you -scratch it waxeth bigger and growes to a scab; and if you -chance to break one of the <em>Bugs</em> it will stink odiously: -they call them <em>Chinches</em> or <em>Wood-lice</em>, they are fat, red -and in shape like a <em>Tike</em> and no bigger. There are also -Palmer-worms which is a kind of Catterpiller, these some -years will devour the leaves of Trees leaving them as -naked almost as in winter, they do much harm in the -<em>English</em> Orchards. Of <em>Snails</em> there are but few, and those -very little ones, they lye at the Roots of long grass in -moist places, and are no where else to be found. [p. 118.] -Spiders and Spinners there be many, the last very big -and of several colours.</p> - -<p>The Pismire or Ant must not be forgotten, accounted -the least Creature, and by <em>Salomon</em> commended for its -wisdom, Prov. 30. 24, 25. <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Quatuor ista parva sunt humilia, -tamen sunt sapientia, apprime sapientia: formicæ -populus infirmus, quæ comparant æstate cibum suum</i>, &c.<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_93"></a>[93]</span> -There are two sorts, red Ants and black Ants, both of -them are many times found winged; not long since they -were poured upon the Sands out of the clouds in a storm -betwixt <em>Black-point</em> and <em>Saco</em>, where the passenger might -have walkt up to the Ankles in them.</p> - -<p>The Grashopper is innumerable and bigger by much -than ours in <em>England</em>, having Tinsel-wings, with help -whereof they will flye and skip a great way. Next to -these in number are your Crickets, a man can walk no -where in the summer but he shall tread upon them; The -<em>Italian</em> who hath them cryed up and down the streets -(<i lang="it" xml:lang="it">Grille che cantelo</i>) and buyeth them to put into his Gardens, -if he were in <em>New-England</em> would gladly be rid of -them, they make such a dinn in an Evening. I could -never discover the Organ of their voice, they have a little -clift in their Crown which opens, and at the same instant -they shake their wings.</p> - -<p>[p. 119.] The Eft or Swift in <em>New-England</em> is a most -beautiful Creature to look upon, being larger than ours, -and painted with glorious colours; but I lik’d him never -the better for it.</p> - -<p>Frogs too there are in ponds and upon dry land, they -chirp like Birds in the spring, and latter end of summer -croak like Toads. It is admirable to consider the generating -of these Creatures, first they lay their gelly on the -water in ponds and still waters, which comes in time to be -full of black spots as broad as the head of a Ten-penny -nail, and round, these separate themselves from the gleir, -and after a while thrust out a tail, then their head comes -forth, after their head springs out their fore-legs, and then -their hinder-legs, then their tail drops off, and growes to<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_94"></a>[94]</span> -have a head and four legs too, the first proves a frog, the -latter a water nuet. The Herbalist useth to say by way -of admiration, <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">quælibet herba deum &c.</i> So God is seen -in the production of these small Creatures which are a -part of the Creation; <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Laudate Jehovam cælites, laudate -eum in excelsis</i>, &c. <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Laudent nomen Jehovæ quæ ipso præcipiente -illico creata sunt</i> &c. <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">ipsæ bestiæ & omnes jumenta, -reptilia & aves alatæ</i>, Psal. 148.</p> - -<p>The Toad is of two sorts, one that is [p. 120.] speckled -with white, and another of a dark earthy colour; there -is of them that will climb up into Trees and sit croaking -there; but whether it be of a third sort, or one of the -other, or both, I am not able to affirm; but this I can testifie -that there be Toads of the dark coloured kind that -are as big as a groat loaf. Which report will not swell -into the belief of my sceptique Sirs; nor that there is a -Hell, being like <em>Salomon’s</em> fool, Prov. 26. 22. <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Sed si contunderes -stultum in mortario cum mola pistillo, non recederet -ab eo stultitia ejus.</i></p> - -<p>Now before I proceed any further, I must (to prevent -misconstructions) tell you that these following Creatures, -though they be not properly accounted Serpents, yet they -are venomous and pestilent Creatures. As, first the Rat, -but he hath been brought in since the <em>English</em> came -thither, but the Mouse is a Native, of which there are several -kinds not material to be described; the Bat or flitter -mouse is bigger abundance than any in <em>England</em> and -swarm, which brings me to the insects or cut-wasted -Creatures again, as first the honey-Bee, which are carried -over by the <em>English</em> and thrive there exceedingly, in time -they may be produced from Bullocks when the wild<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_95"></a>[95]</span> -Beasts are destroyed. But the wasp is [p. 121.] common, -and they have a sort of wild humble-Bee that breed in -little holes in the earth. Near upon twenty years since -there lived an old planter at <em>Black-point</em>, who on a Sun-shine -day about one of the clock lying upon a green -bank not far from his house, charged his Son, a lad of 12 -years of age to awaken him when he had slept two hours, -the old man falls asleep and lying upon his back gaped -with his mouth wide enough for a Hawke to shit into it; -after a little while the lad sitting by spied a humble-Bee -creeping out of his Fathers mouth, which taking wing -flew quite out of sight, the hour as the lad ghest being -come to awaken his Father he jogg’d him and called -aloud Father, Father, it is two a clock, but all would not -rouse him, at last he sees the humble-Bee returning, who -lighted upon the sleepers lip and walked down as the lad -conceived into his belly, and presently he awaked.</p> - -<p>The Countrey is strangely incommodated with flyes, -which the <em>English</em> call Musketaes, they are like our gnats, -they will sting so fiercely in summer as to make the faces -of the <em>English</em> swell’d and scabby, as if the small pox for -the first year. Likewise there is a small black fly no bigger -than a flea, so numerous up in the Countrey, [p. 122.] -that a man cannot draw his breath, but he will suck of -them in: they continue about Thirty dayes say some, -but I say three moneths, and are not only a pesterment -but a plague to the Countrey. There is another sort of -fly called a Gurnipper that are like our horse-flyes, and -will bite desperately, making the bloud to spurt out in -great quantity; these trouble our <em>English</em> Cattle very -much, raising swellings as big as an egg in their hides.<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_96"></a>[96]</span> -The Butterfly is of several sorts and larger than ours; So -are their Dragon-flyes. Glow-worms have here wings, -there are multitudes of them insomuch that in the dark -evening when I first went into the Countrey I thought -the whole Heavens had been on fire, seeing so many -sparkles flying in the air: about <em>Mount-Carmel</em>, and the -valley of <em>Acree</em> in the <em>Holy-land</em> there be abundance of -them.</p> - -<p>These are taken for <em>Cantharides</em>. <em>Cantharides</em> are -green flyes by day, in the night they pass about like a flying -Glow-worm with fire in their tails.</p> - -<p>I have finished now my relation of plants, <em>&c.</em> I have -taken some pains in recollecting of them to memory, and -setting of them down for their benefit from whom I may -expect thanks; but I believe my [p. 123.] reward will -be according to <em>Ben Johnsons</em> proverbs, Whistle to a Jade -and he will pay you with a fart, Claw a churl by the britch -and he will shit in your fist.</p> - -<p>The people that inhabited this Countrey are judged to -be of the <em>Tartars</em> called <em>Samonids</em> that border upon <em>Moscovia</em>, -and are divided into Tribes; those to the East and -North-east are called <em>Churchers</em> and <em>Tarentines</em>, and <em>Monhegans</em>. -To the South are the <em>Pequets</em> and <em>Narragansets</em>. -Westward <em>Connecticuts</em> and <em>Mowhacks</em>. To the Northward -<em>Aberginians</em> which consist of <em>Mattachusets</em>, <em>Wippanaps</em> -and <em>Tarrentines</em>. The <em>Pocanokets</em> live to the West-ward -of <em>Plimouth</em>. Not long before the <em>English</em> came into -the Countrey, happened a great mortality amongst them, -especially where the <em>English</em> afterwards planted, the East -and Northern parts were sore smitten with the Contagion; -first by the plague, afterwards when the <em>English</em> came by<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_97"></a>[97]</span> -the small pox, the three Kingdoms or <em>Sagamorships</em> of -the <em>Mattachusets</em> were very populous, having under them -seven Dukedoms or petti-<em>Sagamorships</em>, but by the plague -were brought from 30000 to 300. There are not many -now to the Eastward, the <em>Pequots</em> were destroyed by the -<em>English</em>: the <em>Mowhacks</em> are about five hundred: Their -speech a dialect of the <em>Tartars</em>, [p. 124.] (as also is the -<em>Turkish</em> tongue). There is difference between Tongues -and Languages, the division of speech at <em>Babel</em> is most -properly called Languages, the rest Tongues.</p> - -<p>As for their persons they are tall and handsome timber’d -people, out-wristed, pale and lean <em>Tartarian</em> visag’d, -black eyed which is accounted the strongest for sight, and -generally black hair’d, both smooth and curl’d wearing of -it long. No beards, or very rarely, their Teeth are very -white, short and even, they account them the most necessary -and best parts of man; And as the <em>Austreans</em> are -known by their great lips, the <em>Bavarians</em> by their pokes -under their chins, the <em>Jews</em> by their goggle eyes, so the -<em>Indians</em> by their flat noses, yet are they not so much deprest -as they are to the Southward.</p> - -<p>The <em>Indesses</em> that are young, are some of them very -comely, having good features, their faces plump and -round, and generally plump of their Bodies, as are the -men likewise, and as soft and smooth as a mole-skin, of -reasonable good complexions, but that they dye themselves -tawnie, many prettie Brownetto’s and spider finger’d -Lasses may be seen amongst them. The <em>Vetula’s</em> or old -women are lean and uglie, all of them are of a modest -demeanor, considering their [p. 125.] Savage breeding; -and indeed do shame our <em>English</em> rusticks whose rudeness -in many things exceedeth theirs.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_98"></a>[98]</span></p> - -<p>Of disposition very inconstant, crafty, timorous, quick -of apprehension, and very ingenious, soon angry, and so -malicious that they seldom forget an injury, and barbarously -cruel, witness their direful revenges upon one another. -Prone to injurious violence and slaughter, by reason -of their bloud dryed up with overmuch fire, very -lecherous proceeding from choller adust and melancholy, -a salt and sharp humour; very fingurative or theevish, and -bold importunate beggars, both Men and Women guilty -of Misoxenie or hatred to strangers, a quality appropriated -to the old Brittains, all of them Cannibals, eaters of -humane flesh. And so were formerly the Heathen-<em>Irish</em>, -who used to feed upon the Buttocks of Boyes and Womens -Paps; it seems it is natural to Savage people so to -do. I have read in Relations of the <em>Indians</em> amongst the -<em>Spaniards</em> that they would not eat a <em>Spaniard</em> till they -had kept him two or three dayes to wax tender, because -their flesh was hard. At <em>Martins</em> vinyard, an Island that -lyes South to <em>Plimouth</em> in the way to <em>Virginia</em>, certain -<em>Indians</em> (whilst I was in the Countrey) seised upon a Boat -that put into [p. 126.] a By-<em>Cove</em>, kill’d the men and eat -them up in a short time before they were discovered.</p> - -<p>Their houses which they call <em>Wigwams</em>, are built with -Poles pitcht into the ground of a round form for most -part, sometimes square, they bind down the tops of their -poles, leaving a hole for smoak to go out at, the rest they -cover with the bark of Trees, and line the inside of their -<em>Wigwams</em> with mats made of Rushes painted with several -colours, one good post they set up in the middle that -reaches to the hole in the top, with a staff across before it -at a convenient height, they knock in a pin on which they<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_99"></a>[99]</span> -hang their Kettle, beneath that they set up a broad stone -for a back which keepeth the post from burning; round -by the walls they spread their mats and skins where the -men sleep whilst their women dress their victuals, they -have commonly two doors, one opening to the South, -the other to the North, and according as the wind sits, -they close up one door with bark and hang a <em>Dears</em> skin -or the like before the other. Towns they have none, being -alwayes removing from one place to another for conveniency -of food, sometimes to those places where one sort -of fish is most plentiful, other whiles where others are. I -have seen half [p. 127.] a hundred of their <em>Wigwams</em> together -in a piece of ground and they shew prettily, within -a day or two, or a week they have been all dispersed. They -live for the most part by the Sea-side, especially in the -spring and summer quarters, in winter they are gone up -into the Countrie to hunt <em>Deer</em> and <em>Beaver</em>, the younger -webbs going with them. Tame Cattle they have none, -excepting Lice, and Doggs of a wild breed that they -bring up to hunt with.</p> - -<p>Wives they have two or three, according to the ability -of their bodies and strength of their concupiscence, who -have the easiest labours of any women in the world; they -will go out when their time is come alone, carrying a -board with them two foot long, and a foot and half broad, -bor’d full of holes on each side, having a foot beneath like -a Jack that we pull Boots off with, on the top of the board -a broad strap of leather which they put over their fore-head, -the board hanging at their back; when they are -come to a Bush or a Tree that they fancy they lay them -down and are delivered in a trice, not so much as groaning<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_100"></a>[100]</span> -for it, they wrap the child up in a young <em>Beaver</em>-skin with -his heels close to his britch, leaving a little hole if it be a -Boy for his Cock to peep out at; and lace him down to -the [p. 128.] board upon his back, his knees resting upon -the foot beneath, then putting the strap of leather upon -their fore-head with the infant hanging at their back -home they trudge; What other ceremonies they use -more than dying of them with a liquor of boiled <em>Hemlock</em>-Bark, -and their throwing of them into the water if they -suspect the Child to be gotten by any other Nation, to see -if he will swim, if he swim they acknowledge him for their -own, their names they give them when they are men -grown, and covet much to be called after our <em>English</em> -manner, <em>Robin</em>, <em>Harry</em>, <em>Phillip</em> and the like, very indulgent -they are to their Children, and their children sometimes -to their Parents, but if they live so long that they -become a burden to them, they will either starve them or -bury them alive, as it was supposed an <em>Indian</em> did his -Mother at <em>Casco</em> in 1669.</p> - -<p>Their Apparel before the <em>English</em> came amongst them, -was the skins of wild Beasts with the hair on, Buskins of -<em>Deers</em>-skin or <em>Moose</em> drest and drawn with lines into several -works, the lines being coloured with yellow, blew or -red, Pumps too they have, made of tough skins without -soles. In the winter when the snow will bear them, they -fasten to their feet their snow shooes which are made like -a large Racket we play at [p. 129.] <em>Tennis</em> with, lacing -them with <em>Deers</em>-guts and the like, under their belly they -wear a square piece of leather and the like upon their -posteriors, both fastened to a string tyed about them to -hide their secrets; on their heads they ware nothing: But<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_101"></a>[101]</span> -since they have had to do with the English they purchase -of them a sort of Cloth called trading cloth of which they -make Mantles, Coats with short sleeves, and caps for their -heads which the women use, but the men continue their -old fashion going bare-headed, excepting some old men -amongst them. They are very proud as appeareth by -their setting themselves out with white and blew Beads of -their own making, and painting of their faces with the -above mentioned colours, they weave sometimes curious -Coats with <em>Turkie</em> feathers for their Children.</p> - -<p>Their Diet is Fish and Fowl, Bear, Wild-cat, Rattoon -and Deer; dry’d Oysters, <em>Lobsters</em> rosted or dryed in the -smoak, <em>Lampres</em> and dry’d <em>Moose</em>-tongues, which they -esteem a dish for a <em>Sagamor</em>; hard eggs boiled and made -small and dryed to thicken their broth with, salt they have -not the use of, nor bread, their <em>Indian</em> Corn and Kidney -beans they boil, and sometimes eat their Corn parcht or -roasted in the ear against the fire; they feed likewise upon -earth-nuts, [p. 130.] or ground-nuts, roots of water-Lillies, -Ches-nuts, and divers sorts of Berries. They beat their -Corn to powder and put it up into bags, which they make -use of when stormie weather or the like will not suffer -them to look out for their food. <em>Pompions</em> and water-<em>Mellons</em> -too they have good store; they have prodigious -stomachs, devouring a cruel deal, meer <em>voragoes</em>, never giving -over eating as long as they have it, between meals -spending their time in sleep till the next kettlefull is -boiled, when all is gone they satisfie themselves with a -small quantity of the meal, making it serve as the frugal -bit amongst the old <em>Britains</em>, which taken to the mountenance -of a Bean would satisfie both thirst and hunger. If<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_102"></a>[102]</span> -they have none of this, as sometimes it falleth out (being -a very careless people not providing against the storms of -want and tempest of necessity) they make use of Sir <em>Francis -Drake’s</em> remedy for hunger, go to sleep.</p> - -<p>They live long, even to an hundred years of age, if -they be not cut off by their Children, war, and the plague, -which together with the small pox hath taken away abundance -of them. <em>Pliny</em> reckons up but 300 Diseases in -and about man, latter writers Six thousand, 236 belonging -to the eyes. There are not so many Diseases raigning -[p. 131.] amongst them as our <em>Europeans</em>. The great -pox is proper to them, by reason (as some do deem) that -they are <em>Man-eaters</em>, which disease was brought amongst -our <em>Europeans</em> first by the <em>Spaniards</em> that went with -<em>Christopher Columbus</em> who brought it to <em>Naples</em> with their -<em>Indian</em>-women, with whom the <em>Italians</em> and <em>French</em> conversed -<em>Anno Dom.</em> 1493. <em>Paracelsus</em> saith it happened in -the year 1478 and 1480. But all agree that it was not -known in <em>Europe</em> before <em>Columbus</em> his voyage to <em>America</em>. -It hath continued amongst us above two hundred -and three score years. There are Diseases that are proper -to certain climates, as the Leprosie to <em>Ægypt</em>, swelling of -the Throat or <em>Mentegra</em> to <em>Asia</em>, the sweating sickness to -the Inhabitants of the North; to the <em>Portugals</em> the -Phthisick, to <em>Savoy</em> the mumps; So to the <em>West-Indies</em> the -Pox, but this doth not exclude other Diseases. In <em>New-England</em> -the <em>Indians</em> are afflicted with pestilent Feavers, -Plague, Black-pox, Consumption of the Lungs, Falling-sickness, -Kings-evil, and a Disease called by the <em>Spaniard</em> -the Plague in the back, with us <em>Empyema</em>, their Physicians -are the <em>Powaws</em> or <em>Indian</em> Priests who cure sometimes<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_103"></a>[103]</span> -by charms and medicine, but in a general infection -they seldom come amongst them, [p. 132.] therefore they -use their own remedies, which is sweating, <em>&c.</em> Their -manner is when they have plague or small pox amongst -them to cover their <em>Wigwams</em> with Bark so close that no -Air can enter in, lining them (as I said before) within, and -making a great fire they remain there in a stewing heat -till they are in a top sweat, and then run out into the Sea -or River, and presently after they are come into their -Hutts again they either recover or give up the Ghost; -they dye patiently both men and women, not knowing of -a Hell to scare them, nor a Conscience to terrifie them. -In times of general Mortality they omit the Ceremonies -of burying, exposing their dead Carkases to the Beasts of -prey. But at other times they dig a Pit and set the diseased -therein upon his breech upright, and throwing in -the earth, cover it with the sods and bind them down with -sticks, driving in two stakes at each end; their mournings -are somewhat like the howlings of the <em>Irish</em>, seldom at the -grave but in the <em>Wigwam</em> where the party dyed, blaming -the Devil for his hard heartedness, and concluding with -rude prayers to him to afflict them no further.</p> - -<p>They acknowledge a God who they call <em>Squantam</em>, but -worship him they do not, [p. 133.] because (they say) he -will do them no harm. But <em>Abbamocho</em> or <em>Cheepie</em> many -times smites them with incurable Diseases, scares them -with his Apparitions and pannick Terrours, by reason -whereof they live in a wretched consternation worshipping -the Devil for fear. One black <em>Robin</em> an <em>Indian</em> sitting -down in the Corn field belonging to the house where -I resided, ran out of his <em>Wigwam</em> frighted with the apparition<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_104"></a>[104]</span> -of two infernal spirits in the shape of <em>Mohawkes</em>. -Another time two <em>Indians</em> and an <em>Indess</em>, came running -into our house crying out they should all dye, <em>Cheepie</em> was -gone over the field gliding in the Air with a long rope -hanging from one of his legs: we askt them what he was -like, they said all wone <em>Englishman</em>, clothed with hat and -coat, shooes and stockings, <em>&c.</em> They have a remarkable -observation of a flame that appears before the death of an -<em>Indian</em> or <em>English</em> upon their <em>Wigwams</em> in the dead of the -night: The first time that I did see it, I was call’d out by -some of them about twelve of the clock, it being a very -dark night, I perceived it plainly mounting into the Air -over our Church, which was built upon a plain little more -than half a quarter of a mile from our dwelling house, on -the Northside of the Church: look on [p. 134.] what side -of a house it appears, from that Coast respectively you -shall hear of a Coarse within two or three days.</p> - -<p>They worship the Devil (as I said) their Priests are called -<em>Powaws</em> and are little better than Witches, for they have -familiar conference with him, who makes them invulnerable, -that is shot-free and stick-free. Craftie Rogues, abusing -the rest at their pleasure, having power over them by -reason of their Diabolical Art in curing of Diseases, which -is performed with rude Ceremonies; they place the sick -upon the ground sitting, and dance in an Antick manner -round about him, beating their naked breasts with a strong -hand, and making hideous faces, sometimes calling upon -the Devil for his help, mingling their prayers with horrid -and barbarous charms; if the sick recover they send rich -gifts, their Bowes and Arrowes, <em>Wompompers</em>, <em>Mohacks</em>, -<em>Beaver skins</em>, or other rich Furs to the Eastward, where<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_105"></a>[105]</span> -there is a vast Rock not far from the shore, having a hole -in it of an unsearchable profundity, into which they throw -them.</p> - -<p>Their Theologie is not much, but questionless they -acknowledge a God and a Devil, and some small light -they have of the Souls immortality; for ask them [p. 135.] -whither they go when they dye, they will tell you -pointing with their finger to Heaven beyond the white -mountains, and do hint at <em>Noah’s</em> Floud, as may be conceived -by a story they have received from Father to Son, -time out of mind, that a great while agon their Countrey -was drowned, and all the People and other Creatures in -it, only one <em>Powaw</em> and his <em>Webb</em> foreseeing the Floud, -fled to the white mountains carrying a hare along with -them and so escaped; after a while the <em>Powaw</em> sent the -<em>Hare</em> away, who not returning emboldned thereby they -descended, and lived many years after, and had many -Children, from whom the Countrie was filled again with -<em>Indians.</em> Some of them tell another story of the <em>Beaver</em>, -saying that he was their Father.</p> - -<p>Their learning is very little or none, Poets they are as -may be ghessed by their formal speeches, sometimes an -hour long, the last word of a line riming with the last -word of the following line, and the whole doth <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Constare -ex pedibus</i>. Musical too they be, having many pretty odd -barbarous tunes which they make use of vocally at marriages -and feastings; but Instruments they had none before -the <em>English</em> came amongst them, since they have -imitated them and will make out Kitts and string them -as neatly, [p. 136.] and as Artificially as the best Fiddle-maker -amongst us; and will play our plain lessons very<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_106"></a>[106]</span> -exactly: the only Fidler that was in the Province of <em>Meyn</em>, -when I was there, was an <em>Indian</em> called <em>Scozway</em>, whom -the Fishermen and planters when they had a mind to be -merry made use of.</p> - -<p>Arithmetick they skill not, reckoning to ten upon their -fingers, and if more doubling of it by holding their fingers -up, their age they reckon by Moons, and their actions -by sleeps, as, if they go a journie, or are to do any -other business they will say, three sleeps me walk, or two -or three sleeps me do such a thing, that is in two or three -days. Astronomie too they have no knowledge of, seldom -or never taking observation of the Stars, Eclipses, or Comets -that I could perceive; but they will Prognosticate -shrewdly what weather will fall out. They are generally -excellent <em>Zenagogues</em> or guides through their Countrie.</p> - -<p>Their exercises are hunting and fishing, in both they -will take abundance of pains. When the snow will bear -them, the young and lustie <em>Indians</em>, (leaving their papouses -and old people at home) go forth to hunt <em>Moose</em>, -<em>Deere</em>, <em>Bear</em> and <em>Beaver</em>, Thirty or forty miles up into the -Countrey; when they light upon a <em>Moose</em> they run him -down, [p. 137.] which is sometimes in half a day, sometimes -a whole day, but never give him over till they have -tyred him, the snow being usually four foot deep, and the -Beast very heavie he sinks every step, and as he runs sometimes -bears down Arms of Trees that hang in his way, -with his horns, as big as a mans thigh; other whiles, if -any of their dogs (which are but small) come near, yerking -out his heels (for he strikes like a horse) if a small -Tree be in the way he breaks it quite asunder with one -stroak, at last they get up to him on each side and transpierce<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_107"></a>[107]</span> -him with their Lances, which formerly were no -other but a staff of a yard and half pointed with a Fishes -bone made sharp at the end, but since they put on pieces -of sword-blades which they purchase of the <em>French</em>, and -having a strap of leather fastned to the but end of the -staff which they bring down to the midst of it, they dart -it into his sides, <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">hæret latere lethalis arundo</i>, the poor -Creature groans, and walks on heavily, for a space, then -sinks and falls down like a ruined building, making the -Earth to quake; then presently in come the Victors, who -having cut the throat of the slain take off his skin, their -young webbs by this time are walking towards them with -heavie bags and kettles at their [p. 138.] backs, who laying -down their burdens fall to work upon the Carkass, -take out the heart, and from that the bone, cut off the left -foot behind, draw out the sinews, and cut out his tongue -<em>&c.</em> and as much of the Venison as will serve to satiate -the hungry mawes of the Company; mean while the men -pitch upon a place near some spring, and with their snow -shoos shovel the snow away to the bare Earth in a circle, -making round about a wall of snow; in the midst they -make their <em>Vulcan</em> or fire near to a great Tree, upon the -snags whereof they hang their kettles fil’d with the Venison; -whilst that boils, the men after they have refresht -themselves with a pipe of Tobacco dispose themselves to -sleep. The women tend the Cookerie, some of them scrape -the slime and fat from the skin, cleanse the sinews, and -stretch them and the like, when the venison is boiled the -men awake, and opening of their bags take out as much -<em>Indian</em> meal as will serve their turns for the present; they -eat their broth with spoons, and their flesh they divide into<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_108"></a>[108]</span> -gobbets, eating now and then with it as much meal as -they can hold betwixt three fingers; their drink they fetch -from the spring, and were not acquainted with other, untill -the <em>French</em> and <em>English</em> traded with that cursed liquor -[p. 139.] called <em>Rum</em>, <em>Rum-bullion</em>, or kill-Devil, which is -stronger than spirit of Wine, and is drawn from the dross -of Sugar and Sugar Canes, this they love dearly, and will -part with all they have to their bare skins for it, being perpetually -drunk with it, as long as it is to be had, it hath -killed many of them, especially old women who have dyed -when dead drunk. Thus instead of bringing of them to -the knowledge of Christianitie, we have taught them to -commit the beastly and crying sins of our Nation, for a -little profit. When the <em>Indians</em> have stuft their paunches, -if it be fair weather and about midday they venture forth -again, but if it be foul and far spent, they betake themselves -to their field-bed at the sign of the Star, expecting -the opening of the Eastern window, which if it promise -serenity, they truss up their fardles, and away for another -<em>Moose</em>, this course they continue for six weeks or two -moneths, making their <em>Webbs</em> their <em>Mules</em> to carry their -luggage, they do not trouble themselves with the horns of -<em>Moose</em> or other <em>Deer</em>, unless it be near an <em>English</em> plantation; -because they are weighty and cumbersome. If the -<em>English</em> could procure them to bring them in, they would -be worth the pains and charge, being sold in <em>England</em> -after the rate of forty or fifty [p. 140.] pounds a Tun; -the red heads of <em>Deer</em> are the fairest and fullest of marrow, -and lightest; the black heads are heavie and have less -marrow; the white are the worst, and the worst nourished. -When the <em>Indians</em> are gone, there gathers to the Carkass<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_109"></a>[109]</span> -of the <em>Moose</em> thousands of <em>Mattrises</em>, of which there are -but few or none near the Sea-coasts to be seen, these devour -the remainder in a quarter of the time that they -were hunting of it.</p> - -<p>Their fishing followes in the spring, summer and fall of -the leaf. First for <em>Lobsters</em>, <em>Clams</em>, <em>Flouke</em>, <em>Lumps</em> or <em>Podles</em>, -and <em>Alewives</em>; afterwards for <em>Bass</em>, <em>Cod</em>, <em>Rock</em>, <em>Blew-fish</em>, -<em>Salmon</em>, and <em>Lampres</em>, &c.</p> - -<p>The <em>Lobsters</em> they take in large Bayes when it is low -water, the wind still, going out in their <em>Birchen-Canows</em> -with a staff two or three yards long, made small and sharpen’d -at one end, and nick’d with deep nicks to take -hold. When they spye the <em>Lobster</em> crawling upon the -Sand in two fathom water, more or less, they stick him -towards the head and bring him up. I have known thirty -<em>Lobsters</em> taken by an <em>Indian</em> lad in an hour and a half, -thus they take <em>Flouke</em> and <em>Lumps</em>; <em>Clams</em> they dig out of -the <em>Clam-banks</em> upon the flats and in creeks when it is low -water, where they are bedded [p. 141.] sometimes a yard -deep one upon another, the beds a quarter of a mile in -length, and less, the <em>Alewives</em> they take with Nets like a -pursenet put upon a round hoop’d stick with a handle in -fresh ponds where they come to spawn. The <em>Bass</em> and -<em>Blew-fish</em> they take in harbours, and at the mouth of -barr’d Rivers being in their <em>Canows</em>, striking them with a -fisgig, a kind of dart or staff, to the lower end whereof -they fasten a sharp jagged bone (since they make them of -Iron) with a string fastened to it, as soon as the fish is struck -they pull away the staff, leaving the bony head in the -fishes body and fasten the other end of the string to the -<em>Canow</em>: Thus they will hale after them to shore half a<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_110"></a>[110]</span> -dozen or half a score great fishes: this way they take -<em>Sturgeon</em>; and in dark evenings when they are upon the -fishing ground near a Bar of Sand (where the <em>Sturgeon</em> -feeds upon small fishes (like <em>Eals</em>) that are called Lances -sucking them out of the Sands where they lye hid, with -their hollow Trunks, for other mouth they have none) the -<em>Indian</em> lights a piece of dry <em>Birch-Bark</em> which breaks out -into a flame & holds it over the side of his <em>Canow</em>, the -<em>Sturgeon</em> seeing this glaring light mounts to the Surface -of the water where he is slain and taken with a fisgig. -<em>Salmons</em> and <em>Lampres</em> [p. 142.] are catch’d at the falls of -Rivers. All the Rivers of note in the Countrey have two -or three desperate falls distant one from another for some -miles, for it being rising ground from the Sea and mountainous -within land, the Rivers having their Originals -from great lakes, and hastning to the Sea, in their passage -meeting with Rocks that are not so easily worn away, as -the loose earthie mould beneath the Rock, makes a fall of -the water in some Rivers as high as a house: you would -think it strange to see, yea admire if you saw the bold -<em>Barbarians</em> in their light <em>Canows</em> rush down the swift and -headlong stream with desperate speed, but with excellent -dexterity, guiding his <em>Canow</em> that seldom or never it shoots -under water, or overturns, if it do they can swim naturally, -striking their pawes under their throat like a dog, -and not spreading their Arms as we do; they turn their -<em>Canow</em> again and go into it in the water.</p> - -<p>Their Merchandize are their beads, which are their -money, of these there are two sorts blew Beads and white -Beads, the first is their Gold, the last their Silver, these -they work out of certain shells so cunningly that neither<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_111"></a>[111]</span> -<em>Jew</em> nor Devil can counterfeit, they dril them and string -them, and make many curious works with them to [p. -143.] adorn the persons of their <em>Sagamours</em> and principal -men and young women, as Belts, Girdles, Tablets, Borders -for their womens hair, Bracelets, Necklaces, and links -to hang in their ears. Prince <em>Phillip</em> a little before I -came for <em>England</em> coming to <em>Boston</em> had a Coat on and -Buskins set thick with these Beads in pleasant wild works -and a broad Belt of the same, his Accoutrements were -valued at Twenty pounds. The <em>English</em> Merchant giveth -them ten shillings a fathom for their white, and as much -more or near upon for their blew Beads. Delicate sweet -dishes too they make of <em>Birch-Bark</em> sowed with threads -drawn from <em>Spruse</em> or white <em>Cedar-Roots</em>, and garnished -on the out-side with flourisht works, and on the brims -with glistering quills taken from the <em>Porcupine</em>, and dyed, -some black, others red, the white are natural, these they -make of all sizes from a dram cup to a dish containing a -pottle, likewise Buckets to carry water or the like, large -Boxes too of the same materials, dishes, spoons and trayes -wrought very smooth and neatly out of the knots of wood, -baskets, bags, and matts woven with <em>Sparke</em>, bark of the -<em>Line-Tree</em> and <em>Rushes</em> of several kinds, dyed as before, -some black, blew, red, yellow, bags of <em>Porcupine</em> quills -woven and dyed also; Coats woven of [p. 144.] <em>Turkie</em>-feathers -for their Children, Tobacco pipes of stone with -Imagerie upon them, Kettles of <em>Birchen-bark</em> which they -used before they traded with the <em>French</em> for Copper Kettles, -by all which you may apparently see that necessity -was at first the mother of all inventions. The women are -the workers of most of these, and are now, here and there<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_112"></a>[112]</span> -one excellent needle woman, and will milk a Cow neatly, -their richest trade are Furs of divers sorts, Black <em>Fox</em>, -<em>Beaver</em>, <em>Otter</em>, <em>Bear</em>, <em>Sables</em>, <em>Mattrices</em>, <em>Fox</em>, <em>Wild-Cat</em>, <em>Rattoons</em>, -<em>Martins</em>, <em>Musquash</em>, <em>Moose-skins</em>.</p> - -<p>Ships they have none, but do prettily imitate ours in -their <em>Birchen-pinnaces</em>, their <em>Canows</em> are made of <em>Birch</em>, -they shape them with flat Ribbs of white <em>Cedar</em>, and cover -them with large sheets of <em>Birch-bark</em>, sowing them through -with strong threds of <em>Spruse-Roots</em> or white <em>Cedar</em>, and -pitch them with a mixture of <em>Turpentine</em> and the hard -rosen that is dryed with the Air on the out-side of the -Bark of <em>Firr-Trees</em>. These will carry half a dozen or -three or four men and a considerable fraight, in these they -swim to Sea twenty, nay forty miles, keeping from the -shore a league or two, sometimes to shorten their voyage -when they are to double a Cape they will put to shore, -and [p. 145.] two of them taking up the <em>Canow</em> carry it -cross the Cape or neck of land to the other side, and to -Sea again; they will indure an incredible great Sea, -mounting upon the working billowes like a piece of -Corke; but they require skilful hands to guide them in -rough weather, none but the <em>Indians</em> scarce dare to undertake -it, such like Vessels the Ancient <em>Brittains</em> used, as -<em>Lucan</em> relates.</p> - -<div class="poetry-container"> -<div class="poetry" lang="la" xml:lang="la"> - <div class="verse indent0"><i>Primum cana salix, madefacto vimine, parvam</i></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><i>Texitur in puppim, cæsoque induta juvenco,</i></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><i>Vectoris patiens tumidum super emicat amnem.</i></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><i>Sic Venetus stagnante Pado, fusoque Britanus</i></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><i>Navigat oceano——</i></div><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_113"></a>[113]</span> - <div class="verse indent0"> </div> - <div class="verse indent0"><i>When</i> Sicoris <i>to his own banks restor’d</i></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><i>Had left the field, of twigs, and willow boord</i></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><i>They made small Boats, cover’d with Bullocks hide,</i></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><i>In which they reacht the Rivers further side.</i></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><i>So sail the Veneti if</i> Padus <i>flow,</i></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><i>The Brittains sail on their calm ocean so:</i></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><i>So the Ægyptians sail with woven Boats</i></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><i>Of paper rushes in their</i> Nilus <i>floats.</i></div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>[p. 146.] Their Government is monarchical, the Patrueius -or they that descend from the eldest proceeding from -his loyns, is the Roytelet of the Tribe, and if he have -Daughters, his Son dying without a Son, the Government -descends to his Daughters Son: after the same manner, -their lands descend. <em>Cheetadaback</em> was the chief <em>Sachem</em> -or <em>Roytelet</em> of the <em>Massachusets</em>, when the <em>English</em> first set -down there. <em>Massasoit</em>, the great <em>Sachem</em> of the <em>Plimouth -Indians</em>, his dwelling was at a place called <em>Sowans</em>, about -four miles distant from <em>New-Plimouth</em>. <em>Sasasacus</em> was the -chief <em>Sachem</em> of the <em>Pequots</em>, and <em>Mientoniack</em> of the <em>Narragansets</em>. -The chief <em>Roytelet</em> amongst the <em>Mohawks</em> now -living, is a <em>Dutchmans</em> Bastard, and the <em>Roytelet</em> now of -the <em>Pocanakets</em>, that is the <em>Plimouth-Indians</em>, is Prince -<em>Philip</em> alias <em>Metacon</em>, the Grandson of <em>Massasoit</em>. Amongst -the Eastern <em>Indians</em>, <em>Summersant</em> formerly was a famous -<em>Sachem</em>. The now living <em>Sachems</em> of note are <em>Sabaccaman</em>, -<em>Terrumkin</em> and <em>Robinhood</em>.</p> - -<p>Their Wars are with Neighbouring Tribes, but the -<em>Mowhawks</em> are enemies to all the other <em>Indians</em>, their -weapons of Defence and Offence are Bowes and Arrowes, -of late he is a poor <em>Indian</em> that is not [p. 147.] master of<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_114"></a>[114]</span> -two Guns, which they purchase of the <em>French</em>, and powder -and shot, they are generally excellent marks men; -their other weapons are <em>Tamahawks</em> which are staves two -foot and a half long with a knob at the end as round as -a bowl, and as big as that we call the Jack or Mistriss. -Lances too they have made (as I have said before) with -broken sword blades, likewise they have Hatchets and -knives; but these are weapons of a latter date. They -colour their faces red all over, supposing that it makes -them the more terrible, they are lusty Souldiers to see to -and very strong, meer <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Hercules Rusticuses</i>, their fights are -by Ambushments and Surprises, coming upon one another -unawares. They will march a hundred miles -through thick woods and swamps to the <em>Mowhawks</em> -Countrey, and the <em>Mowhawks</em> into their Countrey, meeting -sometimes in the woods, or when they come into an -<em>Enemies</em> Countrey build a rude fort with <em>Pallizadoes</em>, having -loop-holes out of which they shoot their Arrowes, and -fire their Guns, pelting at one another a week or moneth -together; If any of them step out of the Fort they are in -danger to be taken prisoners by the one side or the other; -that side that gets the victory excoriats the hair-scalp of the -principal slain Enemies which [p. 148.] they bear away in -Triumph, their prisoners they bring home, the old men -and women they knock in the head, the young women -they keep, and the men of war they torture to death as -the Eastern <em>Indians</em> did two <em>Mowhawks</em> whilst I was there, -they bind him to a Tree and make a great fire before -him, then with sharp knives they cut off the first joynts -of his fingers and toes, then clap upon them hot Embers -to sear the vains; so they cut him a pieces joynt after<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_115"></a>[115]</span> -joynt, still applying hot Embers to the place to stanch the -bloud, making the poor wretch to sing all the while: -when Arms and Legs are gone, they flay off the skin of -their Heads, and presently put on a Cap of burning Embers, -then they open his breast and take out his heart, -which while it is yet living in a manner they give to their -old Squaes, who are every one to have a bite at it. These -Barbarous Customs were used amongst them more frequently -before the <em>English</em> came; but since by the great -mercy of the Almighty they are in a way to be Civilized -and converted to Christianity; there being three Churches -of <em>Indians</em> gathered together by the pains of Mr. <em>John -Eliot</em> and his Son, who Preaches to them in their Native -language, and hath rendered the Bible in that Language -for the benefit of [p. 149.] the <em>Indians</em>. These go clothed -like the <em>English</em>, live in framed houses, have stocks of -Corn and Cattle about them, which when they are fat -they bring to the <em>English</em> Markets, the Hogs that they -rear are counted the best in <em>New-England</em>. Some of their -Sons have been brought up Scholars in <em>Harvard</em> Colledge, -and I was told that there was but two Fellowes in -that Colledge, and one of them was an <em>Indian</em>; some few -of these Christian <em>Indians</em> have of late Apostatized and -fallen back to their old Superstition and course of life.</p> - -<p>Thus much shall suffice concerning <em>New-England</em>, as it -was when the <em>Indians</em> solely possest it. I will now proceed -to give you an accompt of it, as it is under the management -of the <em>English</em>; but methinks I hear my sceptick -Readers muttering out of their scuttle mouths, what will -accrew to us by this rambling <em>Logodiarce</em>? you do but -bring straw into <em>Egypt</em>, a Countrey abounding with Corn.<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_116"></a>[116]</span> -Thus by these <em>Famacides</em> who are so minutely curious, I -am dejected from my hope, whilst they challenge the freedom -of <em>David’s</em> Ruffins, Our Tongues are our own, who-shall -controll us. I have done what I can to please you, -I have piped and you will not dance. I have told you as -strange things as ever you or your Fathers [p. 150.] have -heard. The <em>Italian</em> saith <i lang="it" xml:lang="it">Chi vide un miraculo facilmente -ne crede un altro</i>, he that hath seen one miracle will easilie -believe another, <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">miranda canunt sed non credenda poetæ</i>. -Oh I see the pad, you never heard nor saw the like, therefore -you do not believe me; well Sirs I shall not strain -your belief any further, the following Relation I hope will -be more tolerable, yet I could (it is possible) insert as wonderful -things as any my pen hath yet gone over, and may, -but it must be upon condition you will not put me to the -proof of it. <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Nemo tenetur ad impossibilia</i>, no man is -obliged to do more than is in his power, is a rule in law. -To be short; if you cannot with the <em>Bee</em> gather the honey, -with the Spider suck out the poyson, as Sir <em>John Davis</em> -hath it.</p> - -<div class="poetry-container"> -<div class="poetry"> - <div class="stanza"> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>The Bee and Spider by a divers power</em></div> - <div class="verse indent0"><em>Suck honey and poyson from the self-same flower.</em></div> - </div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>I am confident you will get but little poyson here, no -’tis the poyson of <em>Asps</em> under your tongue that swells you: -truly, I do take you rather to be Spider catchers than Spiders, -such as will not laudably imploy themselves, nor suffer -others; you may well say <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">non amo hominem, sed non -possum</i> [p. 151.] <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">dicere quare</i>, unless it be because I am -a Veronessa, no Romancer. To conclude; if with your<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_117"></a>[117]</span> -mother wit, you can mend the matter, take pen in hand -and fall to work, do your Countrey some service as I have -done according to my Talent. Henceforth you are to -expect no more Relations from me. I am now return’d -into my Native Countrey, and by the providence of the -Almighty, and the bounty of my Royal Soveraigness am -disposed to a holy quiet of study and meditation for the -good of my soul; and being blessed with a transmentitation -or change of mind, and weaned from the world, may -take up for my word, <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">non est mortale quod opto</i>. If what -I have done is thought uprears for the approvement of -those to whom it is intended, I shall be more than meanly -contented.</p> - -<p><em>New-England</em> was first discovered by <em>John Cabota</em> and -his Son <em>Sebastian</em> in <em>Anno Dom.</em> 1514. A further discovery -afterwards was made by the honourable Sir <em>Walter -Rawleigh</em> Knight in <em>Anno</em> 1584. when as <em>Virginia</em> was -discovered, which together with <em>Mary-land</em>, <em>New-England</em>, -<em>Nova Scotia</em> was known by one common name to the <em>Indians</em>, -<em>Wingandicoa</em>, and by Sir <em>Walter Rawleigh</em> in honour -of our Virgin Queen, in whose name he took possession -of it, <em>Virginia</em>. In [p. 152.] King <em>James</em> his Reign -it was divided into Provinces as is before named. In -1602. these north parts were further discovered by Capt. -<em>Bartholomew Gosnold</em>. The first <em>English</em> that planted -there, set down not far from the <em>Narragansets-Bay</em>, and -called their Colony <em>Plimouth</em>, since old <em>Plimouth</em>, <em>An. -Dom.</em> 1602. Sir <em>John Popham</em> Lord chief Justice authorized -by his Majesty, King <em>James</em>, sent a Colony of <em>English</em> -to <em>Sagadehock</em>, <em>An.</em> 1606. <em>Newfound-land</em> was discovered -by one <em>Andrew Thorn</em> an English man in <em>Anno</em> 1527.<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_118"></a>[118]</span> -Sir <em>Humphrey Gilbert</em> a west Countrey Knight took possession -of it in the Queens name, <em>Anno</em> 1582. The two -first Colonies in <em>New-England</em> failing, there was a fresh -supply of <em>English</em> who set down in other parts of the -Countrey, and have continued in a flourishing condition -to this day.</p> - -<p>The whole Countrey now is divided into Colonies, and -for your better understanding observe, a Colony is a sort -of people that come to inhabit a place before not inhabited, -or <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Colonus quasi</i>, because they should be Tillers of -the Earth. From hence by an usual figure the Countrey -where they sit down, is called a Colony or Plantation.</p> - -<p>The first of these that I shall relate of, though last in -possession of the <em>English</em>, is now our most Southerly Colony, -and next [p. 153.] adjoyning to <em>Mary-land</em>, <em>scil.</em> the -<em>Manadaes</em> or <em>Manahanent</em> lying upon the great River -<em>Mohegan</em>, which was first discovered by Mr. <em>Hudson</em>, and -sold presently by him to the <em>Dutch</em> without Authority -from his Soveraign the King of <em>England</em>, <em>Anno</em> 1608. -The <em>Dutch</em> in 1614 began to plant there, and call’d it -<em>New-Netherlands</em>, but Sir <em>Samuel Argal</em> Governour of -<em>Virginia</em> routed them, the <em>Dutch</em> after this got leave of -King <em>James</em> to put in there for fresh water in their passage -to <em>Brasile</em>, and did not offer to plant until a good -while after the <em>English</em> were settled in the Countrey. In -<em>Anno</em> 1664 his Majestie <em>Charles</em> the Second sent over four -worthie Gentlemen Commissioners to reduce the Colonies -into their bounds, who had before incroached upon one -another, who marching with Three hundred red-Coats to -<em>Manadaes</em> or <em>Manhataes</em> took from the <em>Dutch</em> their chief -town then called <em>New-Amsterdam</em>, now <em>New York</em>; the<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_119"></a>[119]</span> -Twenty ninth of <em>August</em> turn’d out their Governour with -a silver leg, and all but those that were willing to acknowledge -subjection to the King of <em>England</em>, suffering them -to enjoy their houses and estates as before. Thirteen days -after Sir <em>Robert Carr</em> took the Fort and Town of <em>Aurania</em> -now called <em>Albany</em>; and Twelve days after that, the -Fort and Town [p. 154.] of <em>Awsapha</em>, then <em>De-la-ware</em> -Castle, man’d with <em>Dutch</em> and <em>Sweeds</em>. So now the <em>English</em> -are masters of three handsome Towns, three strong -Forts and a Castle, not losing one man. The first Governour -of these parts for the King of <em>England</em> was -Colonel <em>Nicols</em>, a noble Gentleman, and one of his Majesties -Commissioners, who coming for <em>England</em> in <em>Anno -Dom.</em> 1668 as I take it, surrendered the Government to -Colonel <em>Lovelace</em>.</p> - -<p>The Countrey here is bless’d with the richest soil in all -<em>New-England</em>, I have heard it reported from men of -Judgement and Integrity, that one Bushel of <em>European-Wheat</em> -hath yielded a hundred in one year. Their other -Commodities are Furs, and the like.</p> - -<p><em>New-York</em> is situated at the mouth of the great River -<em>Mohegan</em>, and is built with <em>Dutch</em> Brick <i lang="it" xml:lang="it">alla-moderna</i>, -the meanest house therein being valued at One hundred -pounds, to the Landward it is compassed with a Wall of -good thickness; at the entrance of the River is an Island -well fortified, and hath command of any Ship that shall -attempt to pass without their leave.</p> - -<p><em>Albany</em> is situated upon the same River on the West-side, -and is due North from <em>New-York</em> somewhat above -Fifty miles.</p> - -<p>[p. 155.] Along the Sea-side Eastward are many <em>English</em>-Towns,<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_120"></a>[120]</span> -as first <em>Westchester</em>, a Sea-Town about Twenty -miles from <em>New-York</em>; to the Eastward of this is <em>Greenwich</em>, -another Sea-Town much about the same distance; -then <em>Chichester</em>, <em>Fairfield</em>, <em>Stratford</em>, <em>Milford</em>, all Sea-Towns -twenty and thirty mile distant from one another, -twenty miles Eastward of <em>Milford</em> is <em>Newhaven</em> the Metropolis -of the Colony begun in 1637. One Mr. <em>Eaton</em> -being there Governour: it is near to the shoals of <em>Cape -Cod</em>, and is one of the four united Colonies.</p> - -<p>The next Sea-Town Eastward of <em>Newhaven</em> is called -<em>Guilford</em> about ten mile, and I think belonging to that -Colony.</p> - -<p>From <em>Guilford</em> to <em>Connecticut</em>-River, is near upon -twenty miles, the fresh River <em>Connecticut</em> bears the name -of another Colony begun in the year 1636 and is also one -of the four united Colonies. Upon this River are situated -13 Towns, within two, three & four miles off one -another. At the mouth of the River, on the West-side is -the <em>Lord-Say</em>, and <em>Brooks fort</em>, called <em>Saybrook-fort</em>. Beyond -this Northward is the Town of <em>Windsor</em>, then <em>Northampton</em>, -then <em>Pinsers-house</em>. On the Eastside of the River, -<em>Hartford</em>, about it low land well stored with meadow and -very fertile. <em>Wethersfield</em> is [p. 156.] also situated upon -<em>Connecticut</em>-River and <em>Springfield</em>; but this Town although -here seated is in the jurisdiction of the <em>Mattachusets</em>, -and hath been infamous by reason of Witches therein. -<em>Hadley</em> lyes to the Northward of <em>Springfield</em>. <em>New-London</em> -which I take to be in the jurisdiction of this Coloney -is situated to the Eastward of <em>Connecticut</em>-River by a small -River, and is not far from the Sea. From <em>Connecticut</em>-River -<em>long-Island</em> stretcheth it self to <em>Mohegan</em> one hundred<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_121"></a>[121]</span> -and twenty miles, but it is but narrow and about sixteen -miles from the main; the considerablest Town upon -it is <em>Southampton</em> built on the Southside of the Island -towards the Eastern end; opposite to this on the Northernside -is <em>Feversham</em>, Westward is <em>Ashford</em>, <em>Huntingdon</em>, -&c. The Island is well stored with Sheep and other Cattle, -and Corn, and is reasonable populous. Between this -Island and the mouth of <em>Connecticut</em>-River lyeth three -small Islands, <em>Shelter-Island</em>, <em>Fishers-Island</em>, and the Isle of -<em>Wight</em>. Over against <em>New-London</em> full South lyeth <em>Block -Island</em>.</p> - -<p>The next place of note on the Main is <em>Narragansets-Bay</em>, -within which Bay is <em>Rhode Island</em> a Harbour for the -<em>Shunamitish</em> Brethren, as the Saints Errant, the Quakers -who are rather to be esteemed Vagabonds, than Religious -persons, <em>&c.</em></p> - -<p>[p. 157.] At the further end of the <em>Bay</em> by the mouth -of <em>Narragansets</em>-River, on the South-side thereof was old -<em>Plimouth</em> plantation <em>Anno</em> 1602. Twenty mile out to Sea, -South of <em>Rhode-Island</em>, lyeth <em>Martins</em> vineyard in the way -to <em>Virginia</em>, this Island is governed by a discreet Gentleman -Mr. <em>Mayhew</em> by name. To the Eastward of <em>Martin’s</em> -vinyard lyeth <em>Nantocket-Island</em>, and further Eastward <em>Elizabeths-Island</em>, -these Islands are twenty or thirty mile asunder, -and now we are come to <em>Cape-Cod</em>.</p> - -<p><em>Cape-Cod</em> was so called at the first by Captain <em>Gosnold</em> -and his Company <em>Anno Dom.</em> 1602, because they took -much of that fish there; and afterward was called <em>Cape-James</em> -by Captain <em>Smith</em>: the point of the <em>Cape</em> is called -<em>Point-Cave</em> and <em>Tuckers</em> Terror, and by the <em>French</em> and -<em>Dutch</em> <em>Mallacar</em>, by reason of the perillous shoals. The<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_122"></a>[122]</span> -first place to be taken notice of on the South-side of the -<em>Cape</em> is <em>Wests</em>-Harbour, the first Sea-Town <em>Sandwich</em> formerly -called <em>Duxbury</em> in the Jurisdiction of <em>New-Plimouth</em>. -Doubling the <em>Cape</em> we come into the great <em>Bay</em>, -on the West whereof is <em>New-Plimouth-Bay</em>, on the South-west-end -of this <em>Bay</em> is situated <em>New Plimouth</em>, the first -<em>English</em>-Colony that took firm possession in this Countrey, -which was in 1620, and the first Town built [p. 158.] -therein, whose longitude is 315 degrees, in latitude 41 degrees -and 37 minutes, it was built nine years before any -other Town, from the beginning of it to 1669 is just forty -years, in which time there hath been an increasing of forty -Churches in this Colony (but many more in the rest,) -and Towns in all <em>New-England</em> one hundred and twenty, -for the most part along the Sea-Coasts, (as being wholsomest) -for somewhat more than two hundred miles: -onely on <em>Connecticut</em>-River (as I have said) is thirteen -Towns not far off one another.</p> - -<p>The other Towns of note in this Colony are <em>Green-Harbour</em> -to the Eastward of <em>Plimouth</em> towards the point -of the <em>Cape</em>, & therefore somewhat unaccessible by land, -here is excellent Timber for shipping; then <em>Marshfield</em>, -<em>Yarmouth</em>, <em>Rehoboth</em>, <em>Bridgwater</em>, <em>Warwick</em>, <em>Taunton</em>, -<em>Eastham</em>, by the <em>Indians</em> called <em>Namset</em>.</p> - -<p>The first Town Northeast from <em>Green-harbor</em> is <em>Sittuate</em> -in the jurisdiction of the <em>Mattachusets</em>-Colony, more -Northward of <em>Sittuate</em> is <em>Conchusset</em> and <em>Hull</em> a little -Burg lying open to the Sea, from thence we came to -<em>Merton-point</em> over against which is <em>Pullin-point</em>. Upon -<em>Merton-point</em> (which is on the Larboard-side) is a Town -called <em>Nantascot</em>, which is two Leagues from <em>Boston</em>,<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_123"></a>[123]</span> -where [p. 159.] Ships commonly cast Anchor. <em>Pullin-point</em> -is so called, because the Boats are by the seasing or -Roads haled against the Tide which is very strong, it is -the usual Channel for Boats to pass into <em>Mattachusets-Bay</em>.</p> - -<p>There is an Island on the South-side of the passage -containing eight Acres of ground. Upon a rising hill -within this Island is mounted a Castle commanding the -entrance, no stately Edifice, nor strong; built with Brick -and Stone, kept by a Captain, under whom is a master-Gunner -and others.</p> - -<p>The <em>Bay</em> is large, made by many Islands, the chief -<em>Deere</em>-Island, which is within a flight shot of <em>Pullin-point</em>, -great store of <em>Deere</em> were wont to swim thither from the -Main; then <em>Bird</em>-Island, <em>Glass</em>-island, <em>Slate</em>-Island, the -Governours Garden, where the first Apple-Trees in the -Countrey were planted, and a vinyard; then <em>Round</em>-Island, -and <em>Noddles</em>-Island not far from <em>Charles</em>-Town: most -of these Islands lye on the North-side of the <em>Bay</em>.</p> - -<p>The next Town to <em>Nantascot</em> on the South-side of the -<em>Bay</em> is <em>Wissaguset</em> a small Village, about three miles from -<em>Mount-wolleston</em>, about this Town the soil is very fertile.</p> - -<p>Within sight of this is <em>Mount-wolleston</em> or <em>Merry-mount</em>, -called <em>Massachusets</em>-fields, [p. 160.] where <em>Chicatabat</em> the -greatest <em>Sagamore</em> of the Countrey lived before the -plague: here the Town of <em>Braintree</em> is seated, no Boat -nor Ship can come near to it, here is an Iron mill: to the -West of this Town is <em>Naponset</em> River.</p> - -<p>Six miles beyond <em>Braintree</em> lyeth <em>Dorchester</em>, a frontire -Town pleasantly seated, and of large extent into the main -land, well watered with two small Rivers, her body and<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_124"></a>[124]</span> -wings filled somewhat thick with houses to the number of -two hundred and more, beautified with fair Orchards and -Gardens, having also plenty of Corn-land, and store of -Cattle, counted the greatest Town heretofore in <em>New-England</em>, -but now gives way to <em>Boston</em>, it hath a Harbour -to the North for Ships.</p> - -<p>A mile from <em>Dorchester</em> is the Town of <em>Roxbury</em>, a fair -and handsome Countrey Town, the streets large, the Inhabitants -rich, replenished with Orchards and Gardens, -well watered with springs and small freshets, a brook runs -through it called <em>Smelt</em>-River, a quarter of a mile to the -North-side of the Town runs stony River: it is seated in -the bottom of a shallow <em>Bay</em>, but hath no harbour for -shipping. Boats come to it, it hath store of Land and -Cattle.</p> - -<p>Two miles Northeast from <em>Roxbury</em>, and [p. 161.] Forty -miles from <em>New-Plimouth</em>, in the latitude of 42 or 43 degrees -and 10 minutes, in the bottom of <em>Massachusets-Bay</em> -is <em>Boston</em> (whose longitude is 315 degrees, or as others will -322 degrees and 30 seconds.) So called from a Town in -<em>Lincolnshire</em>, which in the <em>Saxons</em> time bare the name of -St. <em>Botolph</em>, and is the Metropolis of this Colony, or rather -of the whole Countrey, situated upon a <em>Peninsula</em>, about -four miles in compass, almost square, and invironed with -the Sea, saving one small <em>Isthmus</em> which gives access to -other Towns by land on the South-side. The Town hath -two hills of equal height on the frontire part thereof next -the Sea, the one well fortified on the superficies with some -Artillery mounted, commanding any Ship as she sails into -the Harbour within the still <em>Bay</em>; the other hill hath a -very strong battery built of whole Timber and fill’d with<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_125"></a>[125]</span> -earth, at the descent of the hill in the extreamest part -thereof, betwixt these two strong Arms, lyes a large <em>Cove</em> -or <em>Bay</em>, on which the chiefest part of the Town is built -to the Northwest is a high mountain that out-tops all, -with its three little rising hills on the summit, called -<em>Tramount</em>, this is furnished with a Beacon and great -Guns, from hence you may [p. 162.] overlook all the Islands -in the <em>Bay</em>, and descry such Ships as are upon the -Coast: the houses are for the most part raised on the Sea-banks -and wharfed out with great industry and cost, many -of them standing upon piles, close together on each side -the streets as in <em>London</em>, and furnished with many fair -shops, their materials are Brick, Stone, Lime, handsomely -contrived, with three meeting Houses or Churches, and a -Town-house built upon pillars where the Merchants may -confer, in the Chambers above they keep their monethly -Courts. Their streets are many and large, paved with -pebble stone, and the South-side adorned with Gardens -and Orchards. The Town is rich and very populous, -much frequented by strangers, here is the dwelling of -their Governour. On the North-west and North-east two -constant Fairs are kept for daily Traffick thereunto. On -the South there is a small, but pleasant Common where -the Gallants a little before Sun-set walk with their <em>Marmalet</em>-Madams, -as we do in <em>Morefields</em>, &c. till the nine a -clock Bell rings them home to their respective habitations, -when presently the Constables walk their rounds to -see good orders kept, and to take up loose people. Two -miles from the town, [p. 163.] at a place called <em>Muddy-River</em>, -the Inhabitants have Farms, to which belong rich -arable grounds and meadows where they keep their Cattle<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_126"></a>[126]</span> -in the Summer, and bring them to <em>Boston</em> in the Winter; -the Harbour before the Town is filled with Ships -and other Vessels for most part of the year.</p> - -<p><em>Hingham</em> is a Town situated upon the Sea-coasts, -South-east of <em>Charles-River</em>: here is great store of Timber, -deal-boards, masts for Ships, white-Cedar, and fish is -here to be had.</p> - -<p><em>Dedham</em> an inland town ten miles from <em>Boston</em> in the -County of <em>Suffolk</em> well watered with many pleasant -streams, and abounding with Garden fruit; the Inhabitants -are Husband-men, somewhat more than one hundred -Families, having store of Cattle and Corn.</p> - -<p>The Town of <em>Waymouth</em> lyes open to the Sea, on the -East Rocks and Swamps, to the South-ward good store of -<em>Deer</em>, arable land and meadows.</p> - -<p>On the North-side of <em>Boston</em> flows <em>Charles-River</em>, which -is about six fathom deep, many small Islands lye to the -Bayward, and hills on either side the River, a very good -harbour, here may forty Ships ride, the passage from <em>Boston</em> -to <em>Charles-Town</em> is by a Ferry worth forty or fifty -pounds a [p. 164.] year, and is a quarter of a mile over. -The River <em>Mistick</em> runs through the right side of the -Town, and by its near approach to <em>Charles-River</em> in one -place makes a very narrow neck, where stands most part -of the Town, the market-place not far from the waterside -is surrounded with houses, forth of which issue two streets -orderly built and beautified with Orchards and Gardens, -their meeting-house stands on the North-side of the market, -having a little hill behind it; there belongs to this -Town one thousand and two hundred Acres of arable, -four hundred head of Cattle, and as many Sheep, these -also provide themselves Farms in the Country.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_127"></a>[127]</span></p> - -<p>Up higher in <em>Charles-River</em> west-ward is a broad Bay -two miles over, into which runs <em>Stony-River</em> and <em>Muddy-River</em>.</p> - -<p>Towards the South-west in the middle of the <em>Bay</em> is a -great Oyster-bank, towards the North-west is a Creek; -upon the shore is situated the village of <em>Medford</em>, it is a -mile and half from <em>Charles-town</em>.</p> - -<p>At the bottom of the <em>Bay</em> the River begins to be narrower, -half a quarter of a mile broad; by the North-side -of the River is <em>New-town</em>, three miles from <em>Charles-town</em>, -a league and half by water, it was first [p. 165.] intended -for a City, the neatest and best compacted Town, having -many fair structures and handsom contrived streets; the -Inhabitants rich, they have many hundred Acres of land -paled with one common fence a mile and half long, and -store of Cattle; it is now called <em>Cambridge</em> where is a -Colledg for Students of late; it stretcheth from <em>Charles-River</em> -to the Southern part of <em>Merrimach-River</em>.</p> - -<p>Half a mile thence on the same side of the River is -<em>Water-town</em> built upon one of the branches of <em>Charles-River</em>, -very fruitful and of large extent, watered with -many pleasant springs and small Rivulets, the Inhabitants -live scatteringly. Within half a mile is a great pond divided -between the two Towns, a mile and half from the -Town is a fall of fresh waters which conveigh themselves -into the Ocean through <em>Charles-River</em>, a little below the -fall of waters they have a wair to catch fish, wherein they -take store of <em>Basse</em>, <em>Shades</em>, <em>Alwives</em>, <em>Frost-fish</em>, and <em>Smelts</em>, -in two tides they have gotten one hundred thousand of -these fishes. They have store of Cattle and Sheep, and -near upon two thousand Acres of arable land, Ships of -small burden may come up to these Towns.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_128"></a>[128]</span></p> - -<p>[p. 166.] We will now return to <em>Charles-town</em> again, -where the River <em>Mistick</em> runs on the North-side of the -Town (that is the right side as beforesaid) where on the -Northwest-side of the River is the Town of <em>Mistick</em>, three -miles from <em>Charles-town</em>, a league and half by water, a -scattered village; at the head of this River are great and -spacious ponds, full of <em>Alewives</em> in the spring-time, the -notedst place for this sort of fish. On the West of this -River is Merchant <em>Craddock’s</em> plantation, where he impaled -a park.</p> - -<p>Upon the same River and on the North-side is the -Town of <em>Malden</em>.</p> - -<p>The next Town is <em>Winnisimet</em> a mile from <em>Charles-town</em>, -the River only parting them, this is the last Town -in the still bay of <em>Massachusets</em>.</p> - -<p>Without <em>Pullin-point</em>, six miles North-east from <em>Winnisimet</em> -is <em>Cawgust</em>, or <em>Sagust</em>, or <em>Sangut</em> now called <em>Linn</em>, situated -at the bottom of a <em>Bay</em> near a River, which upon the -breaking up of winter with a furious Torrent vents it self -into the Sea, the Town consists of more than one hundred -dwelling-houses, their Church being built on a level undefended -from the North-west wind is made with steps descending -[p. 167] into the Earth, their streets are straight -and but thin of houses, the people most husbandmen. At -the end of the <em>Sandy beach</em> is a neck of land called <em>Nahant</em>, -it is six miles in circumference. Black <em>William</em> an -<em>Indian</em> Duke out of his generosity gave this to the <em>English</em>. -At the mouth of the River runs a great Creek into -a great marsh called <em>Rumney</em>-marsh, which is four miles -long, and a mile broad, this Town hath the benefit of -minerals of divers kinds, Iron, Lead, one Iron mill, store -of Cattle, Arable land and meadow.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_129"></a>[129]</span></p> - -<p>To the North-ward of <em>Linn</em> is <em>Marvil</em> or <em>Marble-head</em>, a -small Harbour, the shore rockie, upon which the Town is -built, consisting of a few scattered houses; here they have -stages for fishermen, Orchards and Gardens, half a mile -within land good pastures and Arable land.</p> - -<p>Four miles North of <em>Marble-head</em> is situated <em>New-Salem</em> -(whose longitude is 315 degrees, and latitude 42 degrees -35 minutes) upon a plain, having a River on the South, -and another on the North, it hath two Harbours, Winter -Harbour and Summer Harbour which lyeth within <em>Darbie’s</em> -fort, they have store of Meadow and Arable, in this -Town are some very rich Merchants.</p> - -<p>[p. 168.] Upon the Northern Cape of the <em>Massachusets</em>, -that is <em>Cape-Ann</em>, a place of fishing is situated, the Town -of <em>Glocester</em> where the <em>Massachusets</em> Colony first set down, -but <em>Salem</em> was the first Town built in that Colony, here is -a Harbour for Ships.</p> - -<p>To the North-ward of <em>Cape-Ann</em> is <em>Wonasquam</em>, a dangerous -place to sail by in stormie weather, by reason of the -many Rocks and foaming breakers.</p> - -<p>The next Town that presents it self to view is <em>Ipswich</em> -situated by a fair River, whose first rise is from a Lake or -Pond twenty mile up, betaking its course through a hideous -<em>Swamp</em> for many miles, a Harbour for <em>Bears</em>, it issueth -forth into a large <em>Bay</em>, (where they fish for <em>Whales</em>) -due East over against the Islands of <em>Sholes</em> a great place -of fishing, the mouth of that River is barr’d; it is a good -haven-town, their meeting-house or Church is beautifully -built, store of Orchards and Gardens, land for husbandry -and Cattle.</p> - -<p><em>Wenham</em> is an inland Town very well watered, lying<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_130"></a>[130]</span> -between <em>Salem</em> and <em>Ipswich</em>, consisteth most of men of -judgment and experience <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">in re rustica</i>, well stored with -Cattle. At the first rise of <em>Ipswich</em>-River in the highest -part of the land near the head [p. 169.] springs of many -considerable Rivers; <em>Shashin</em> one of the most considerable -branches of <em>Merrimach</em>-River, and also at the rise of -<em>Mistick</em>-River, and ponds full of pleasant springs, is situated -<em>Wooburn</em> an inland-Town four miles square beginning -at the end of <em>Charles-town</em> bounds.</p> - -<p>Six miles from <em>Ipswich</em> North-east is <em>Rowley</em>, most of -the Inhabitants have been Clothiers.</p> - -<p>Nine miles from <em>Salem</em> to the North is <em>Agowamine</em>, the -best and spaciousest place for a plantation, being twenty -leagues to the Northward of <em>New-Plimouth</em>.</p> - -<p>Beyond <em>Agowamin</em> is situated <em>Hampton</em> near the Sea-coasts -not far from <em>Merrimach</em>-River, this Town is like a -<em>Flower-deluce</em>, having two streets of houses wheeling off -from the main body thereof, they have great store of salt -Marshes and Cattle, the land is fertil, but full of Swamps -and Rocks.</p> - -<p>Eight miles beyond <em>Agowamin</em> runneth the delightful -River <em>Merrimach</em> or <em>Monumach</em>, it is navigable for twenty -miles, and well stored with fish, upon the banks grow -stately Oaks, excellent Ship timber, not inferiour to our -<em>English</em>.</p> - -<p>On the South-side of <em>Merrimach</em>-River [p. 170.] twelve -miles from <em>Ipswich</em>, and near upon the wide venting -streams thereof is situated <em>Newberrie</em>, the houses are scattering, -well stored with meadow, upland, and Arable, and -about four hundred head of Cattle.</p> - -<p>Over against <em>Newberrie</em> lyes the Town of <em>Salisbury</em>,<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_131"></a>[131]</span> -where a constant Ferry is kept, the River being here half -a mile broad, the Town scatteringly built.</p> - -<p>Hard upon the River of <em>Shashin</em> where <em>Merrimach</em> -receives this and the other branch into its body, is seated -<em>Andover</em>, stored with land and Cattle.</p> - -<p>Beyond this Town by the branch of <em>Merrimach</em>-River -called <em>Shashin</em>, lyeth <em>Haverhill</em>, a Town of large extent -about ten miles in length, the inhabitants Husbandmen, -this Town is not far from <em>Salisbury</em>.</p> - -<p>Over against <em>Haverhill</em> lyeth the Town of <em>Malden</em>, -which I have already mentioned.</p> - -<p>In a low level upon a fresh River a branch of <em>Merrimach</em> -is seated <em>Concord</em>, the first inland Town in <em>Massachusets</em> -patent, well stored with fish, <em>Salmon</em>, <em>Dace</em>, <em>Alewive</em>, -<em>Shade</em>, &c. abundance of fresh marsh and Cattle, -this place is subject to bitter storms.</p> - -<p>[p. 171.] The next town is <em>Sudbury</em> built upon the -same River where <em>Concord</em> is, but further up; to this -Town likewise belongs great store of fresh marshes, and -Arable land, and they have many Cattle, it lyeth low, by -reason whereof it is much indammaged with flouds.</p> - -<p>In the Centre of the Countrey by a great pond side, -and not far from <em>Woeburn</em>, is situated <em>Reading</em>, it hath -two mills, a saw-mill and a Corn-mill, and is well stockt -with Cattle.</p> - -<p>The Colony is divided into four Counties, the first is -<em>Suffolk</em>, to which belongs <em>Dorchester</em>, <em>Roxbury</em>, <em>Waymouth</em>, -<em>Hingham</em>, <em>Dedham</em>, <em>Braintre</em>, <em>Sittuate</em>, <em>Hull</em>, <em>Nantascot</em>, -<em>Wisagusset</em>. The second County is <em>Middlesex</em>, to this belongs -<em>Charles-town</em>, <em>Water-town</em>, <em>Cambridge</em>, <em>Concord</em>, <em>Sudbury</em>, -<em>Woeburn</em>, <em>Reading</em>, <em>Malden</em>, <em>Mistick</em>, <em>Medford</em>, <em>Winnisimet</em><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_132"></a>[132]</span> -and <em>Marble-head</em>. To the third County which is -<em>Essex</em>, belongs <em>New-Salem</em>, <em>Linn</em>, <em>Ipswich</em>, <em>New-Berry</em>, -<em>Rowley</em>, <em>Glocester</em>, <em>Wenham</em> and <em>Andover</em>. The fourth -County is <em>Northfolk</em>, to this belongs <em>Salisbury</em>, <em>Hampton</em> -and <em>Haverhill</em>.</p> - -<p>In the year of our Lord 1628, Mr. <em>John Endicot</em> with -a number of <em>English</em> people set down by <em>Cape-Ann</em> at that -place called [p. 172.] afterwards <em>Gloster</em>, but their abiding-place -was at <em>Salem</em>, where they built a Town in 1639. and -there they gathered their first Church, consisting but of -Seventy persons; but afterwards increased to forty three -Churches in joynt Communion with one another, and in -those Churches were about Seven thousand, seven hundred -and fifty Souls, Mr. <em>Endicot</em> was chosen their first -Governour.</p> - -<p>The Twelfth of <em>July</em> <em>Anno Dom.</em> 1630. <em>John Wenthorp</em> -Esq; and the assistants, arrived with the Patent for the -<em>Massachusets</em>, the passage of the people that came along -with him in ten Vessels came to 95000 pound: the Swine, -Goats, Sheep, Neat, Horses cost to transport 12000 pound, -besides the price they cost them; getting food for the -people till they could clear the ground of wood amounted -to 45000 pound: Nails, Glass, and other Iron work for -their meeting and dwelling houses 13000 pound; Arms, -Powder, Bullet, and Match, together with their Artillery -22000 pound, the whole sum amounts unto One hundred -ninety two thousand pounds. They set down first upon -<em>Noddles-Island</em>, afterwards they began to build upon the -main. In 1637. there were not many houses in the Town -of [p. 173.] <em>Boston</em>, amongst which were two houses of -entertainment called Ordinaries, into which if a stranger<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_133"></a>[133]</span> -went, he was presently followed by one appointed to that -Office, who would thrust himself into his company uninvited, -and if he called for more drink than the Officer -thought in his judgment he could soberly bear away, he -would presently countermand it, and appoint the proportion, -beyond which he could not get one drop.</p> - -<p>The Patent was granted to Sir <em>Henry Rosewell</em>, Sir -<em>John Young</em> Knight, <em>Thomas Southcoat</em>, <em>John Humphrey</em>, -<em>John Endicot</em>, and <em>Simon Whitecomb</em>, and to their Heirs, -Assigns, and Associats for ever. These took to them other -Associats, as Sir <em>Richard Saltonstall</em>, <em>Isaac Johnson</em>, <em>Samuel -Aldersey</em>, <em>Jo. Ven</em>, <em>Matth. Craddock</em>, <em>George Harwood</em>, -<em>Increase Nowell</em>, <em>Rich. Perry</em>, <em>Rich. Bellingham</em>, <em>Nathaniel -Wright</em>, <em>Samuel Vasell</em>, <em>Theophilus Eaton</em>, <em>Thomas -Goffe</em>, <em>Thomas Adams</em>, <em>Jo. Brown</em>, <em>Samuel Brown</em>, -<em>Thomas Hutchins</em>, <em>Will. Vasell</em>, <em>Will. Pinchon</em> and <em>George -Foxcroft</em>. <em>Matth. Craddock</em> was ordained and constituted -Governour by Patent, and <em>Thomas Goffe</em> Deputy Governour -of the said Company, the rest Assistants.</p> - -<p>That part of <em>New-England</em> granted to [p. 174.] these -fore-mentioned Gentlemen lyeth and extendeth between -a great River called <em>Monumach</em>, alias <em>Merrimach</em>, and the -often frequented <em>Charles-River</em>, being in the bottom of a -<em>Bay</em> called <em>Massachusets</em>, alias <em>Mattachusets</em>, alias <em>Massatusets-bay</em>; -and also those lands within the space of -three <em>English</em> miles, on the South part of the said -<em>Charles-River</em>, or any or every part, and all the lands -within three miles to the South-ward part of the <em>Massachusets-bay</em>, -and all those lands which lye within the space -of three <em>English</em> miles to the North-ward of the River -<em>Merrimach</em>, or to the North-ward of any and every part<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_134"></a>[134]</span> -thereof, and all lands whatsoever within the limits aforesaid, -North and South, in latitude, and in breadth and -length and longitude of and within all the main land -there, from the <em>Atlantick</em> and Western-Sea and Ocean on -the East-part, to the South-Sea on the West-part, and all -lands and grounds, place and places, soils, woods and -wood-groves, Havens, Ports, Rivers, Waters, fishings and -Hereditaments whatsoever lying within the aforesaid lands -and limits, and every part and parcel thereof, and also all -Islands lying in <em>America</em> aforesaid in the said Seas, or -either of them on the Western or Eastern [p. 175.] Coasts -or parts of the said tracts of lands. Also all mines and -minerals as well Royal of Gold, Silver, as others <em>&c.</em> -With power to rule and govern both Sea and land, -holden of the East manner of <em>Greenwich</em> in <em>Com. Kent</em>, -in free and common soccage, yielding and paying to the -King the fifth part of the Oar of Gold and Silver which -shall be found at any time.</p> - - -<p class="p1">This Colony is a body Corporated and Politick in fact -by the name of the Governour and Company of the <em>Mattachusets-bay</em> -in <em>New-England</em>.</p> - - -<p class="p1">That there shall be one Governour, and Deputy-Governour, -and Eighteen Assistants of the same Company -from time to time.</p> - - -<p class="p1">That the Governour and Deputy-Governour, Assistants -and all other Officers to be chosen from amongst the free-men, -the last <em>Wednesday</em> in <em>Easter</em>-term yearly in the general -Court.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_135"></a>[135]</span></p> - - -<p class="p1">The Governour to take his Corporal Oath to be true -and faithful to the Government, and to give the same -Oath to the other Officers.</p> - - -<p class="p1">[p. 176.] To hold a Court once a month, and any seven -to be a sufficient Court.</p> - - -<p class="p1">And that there shall be four general Courts kept in -Term time, and one great general and solemn Assembly -to make Laws and Ordinances; So they be not contrary -and repugnant to the Laws and Statutes of the Realm of -<em>England</em>. Their form of Government and what their -Laws concern, you may see in the ensuing Table.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_136"></a>[136]</span></p> - -<div class="figcenter illowp100" id="laws" style="max-width: 15.625em;"> - <a href="images/laws-144.jpg"> - <span class="screenonly fs60 center">click here for image of this Table.</span></a> -</div> - -<p class="noindent fs80">[p. 177.]</p> - -<table class="autotable fs70" summary=""> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl">{ Governour</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl">{ 1 Magistrates.</td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl">{ 1 Counsellers.</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl">{ Assistants.</td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl" colspan="2">{ 1 of the whole</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{ 1 their</td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl" colspan="2">{ Countrey.</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{ person</td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{ 2 Judges</td> -<td class="tdl" colspan="2">{</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl" colspan="2">{ 2 of each town.</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl pad6" colspan="2">{ 1 of the</td> -<td class="tdl" colspan="2">{ 1 for their protection.</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Their</td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl">{ 2 People.</td> -<td class="tdl pad6" colspan="2">{ whole Countrey,</td> -<td class="tdl" colspan="2">{ 2 for their provision.</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Laws</td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl pad6" colspan="2">{</td> -<td class="tdl" colspan="2">{</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">Con-</td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl pad6" colspan="2">{ 2 of each</td> -<td class="tdl" colspan="2">{ 1 their lands.</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl">cern</td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl pad6" colspan="2">{ Town, concerning.</td> -<td class="tdl" colspan="2">{ 2 their Treasure.</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{ 1 The</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl">{ 1 Civil</td> -<td class="tdl">{ publick</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl" colspan="2">{ 1 in their personal</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl">{& they</td> -<td class="tdl">{ State, or</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl" colspan="2">{ inheritances, and</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl">{ concern</td> -<td class="tdl">{ 2 Particular</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl" colspan="2">{ proprieties</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl">{ persons.</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl">{ 1 Of</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> <!-- this dummy column solves a minor epub issue --> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{ 2 in</td> -<td class="tdl">{ buying</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl">{ Whether</td> -<td class="tdl">{ 1 either</td> -<td class="tdl">{ their</td> -<td class="tdl">{ and</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl">{ between</td> -<td class="tdl">{ of Tres-</td> -<td class="tdl">{ mutual</td> -<td class="tdl">{ selling</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl">{ the members</td> -<td class="tdl">{ passes</td> -<td class="tdl">{ com-</td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{ 2 of</td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl">{ of</td> -<td class="tdl">{ or</td> -<td class="tdl">{ merce</td> -<td class="tdl">{ 2 Lending</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{ causes</td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl">{ their own</td> -<td class="tdl">{ 2 of</td> -<td class="tdl">{ whether</td> -<td class="tdl">{ and</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl">{ Commonwealth</td> -<td class="tdl">{ Capital</td> -<td class="tdl">{ in</td> -<td class="tdl">{ borrow-</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl">{ 2 Cri-</td> -<td class="tdl">{ & they are.</td> -<td class="tdl">{ Crimes.</td> -<td class="tdl">{ way</td> -<td class="tdl">{ ing</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -<td class="tdl">{ minal.</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{ 2 Between</td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{ Burgesses</td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{ and the</td> -<td class="tdl" colspan="2">{ 1 That we do them wrong.</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{ people,</td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{ and forraign</td> -<td class="tdl" colspan="2">{ 2 That they do us wrong.</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{ Nations,</td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{ whether</td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -</tr> -<tr> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl"></td> -<td class="tdl">{ in case</td> -<td class="tdl">{</td> -</tr> -</table> - -<p class="p1">[p. 178.] <em>Anno Dom.</em> 1646. they drew up a body of -their Laws for the well ordering of their Commonwealth, -as they not long since termed it.</p> - -<p>The military part of their Commonwealth is governed<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_137"></a>[137]</span> -by one Major-General, and three Serjeant Majors; to the -Major-General belongeth particularly the Town of <em>Boston</em>, -to the three Serjeant Majors belong the four Counties, -but with submission to the Major-General. The first -Serjeant Major chosen for the County of <em>Suffolk</em> was Major -<em>Gibbons</em>. For the County of <em>Middlesex</em> Major <em>Sedgwick</em>. -For the County of <em>Essex</em> and <em>Northfolk</em> Major -<em>Denison</em>.</p> - -<p>Every Town sends two Burgesses to their great and solemn -general Court.</p> - -<p>For being drunk, they either whip or impose a fine of -Five shillings; so for swearing and cursing, or boring -through the tongue with a hot Iron.</p> - -<p>For kissing a woman in the street, though in way of -civil salute, whipping or a fine.</p> - -<p>For Single fornication whipping or a fine.</p> - -<p>For Adultery, put to death, and so for witchcraft.</p> - -<p>An <em>English</em> woman suffering an <em>Indian</em> to have carnal -knowledge of her, had an <em>Indian</em> cut out exactly in red -cloth sewed [p. 179.] upon her right Arm, and injoyned -to wear it twelve moneths.</p> - -<p>Scolds they gag and set them at their doors for certain -hours, for all comers and goers by to gaze at.</p> - -<p>Stealing is punished with restoring four fould, if able; -if not, they are sold for some years, and so are poor -debtors.</p> - -<p>If you desire a further inspection to their Laws, I must -refer you to them being in print, too many for to be inserted -into this Relation.</p> - -<p>The Governments of their Churches are Independent -and Presbyterial, every Church (for so they call their particular<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_138"></a>[138]</span> -Congregations) have one Pastor, one Teacher, Ruling -Elders and Deacons.</p> - -<p>They that are members of their Churches have the -Sacraments administred to them, the rest that are out of -the pale as they phrase it, are denyed it. Many hundred -Souls there be amongst them grown up to men & womens -estate that were never Christened.</p> - -<p>They judge every man and woman to pay Five shillings -<em>per</em> day, who comes not to their Assemblies, and impose -fines of forty shillings and fifty shillings on such as -meet together to worship God.</p> - -<p>[p. 180.] Quakers they whip, banish, and hang if they -return again.</p> - -<p>Anabaptists they imprison, fine and weary out.</p> - -<p>The Government both Civil and Ecclesiastical is in the -hands of the thorow-pac’d Independents and rigid Presbyterians.</p> - -<p>The grose <em>Goddons</em>, or great masters, as also some of -their Merchants are damnable rich; generally all of their -judgement, inexplicably covetous and proud, they receive -your gifts but as an homage or tribute due to their transcendency, -which is a fault their Clergie are also guilty of, -whose living is upon the bounty of their hearers. On -Sundays in the afternoon when Sermon is ended the -people in the Galleries come down and march two a breast -up one Ile and down the other, until they come before -the desk, for Pulpit they have none: before the desk is a -long pue where the Elders and Deacons sit, one of them -with a mony box in his hand, into which the people as -they pass put their offering, some a shilling, some two shillings, -half a Crown, five shillings according to their ability<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_139"></a>[139]</span> -and good will, after this they conclude with a Psalm; -but this by the way.</p> - -<p>The chiefest objects of discipline, Religion, [p. 181.] -and morality they want, some are of a <em>Linsie-woolsie</em> -disposition, of several professions in Religion, all like -<em>Æthiopians</em> white in the Teeth only, full of ludification -and injurious dealing, and cruelty the extreamest of all -vices. The chiefest cause of <em>Noah’s</em> floud, Prov. 27. 26. -<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Agni erant ad vestitum tuum</i>, is a frequent Text among -them, no trading for a stranger with them, but with a <em>Græcian</em> -faith, which is not to part with your ware without -ready money, for they are generally in their payments recusant -and slow, great Syndies, or censors, or controllers -of other mens manners, and savagely factious amongst -themselves.</p> - -<p>There are many strange women too, (in <em>Salomon’s</em> -sence) more the pitty, when a woman hath lost her Chastity, -she hath no more to lose.</p> - -<p>But mistake me not to general speeches, none but the -guilty take exceptions, there are many sincere and religious -people amongst them, descryed by their charity and -humility (the true Characters of Christianity) by their -Zenodochie or hospitality, by their hearty submission to -their Soveraign the King of <em>England</em>, by their diligent -and honest labour in their callings, amongst these we may -account the Royalists, who are lookt upon with an evil -eye, and [p. 182.] tongue, boulted or punished if they -chance to lash out; the tame <em>Indian</em> (for so they call -those that are born in the Countrey) are pretty honest too, -and may in good time be known for honest Kings men.</p> - -<p>They have store of Children, and are well accommodated<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_140"></a>[140]</span> -with Servants; many hands make light work, many -hands make a full fraught, but many mouths eat up all, -as some old planters have experimented; of these some -are <em>English</em>, others <em>Negroes</em>: of the <em>English</em> there are can -eat till they sweat, and work till they freeze; & and of the -females that are like Mrs. <em>Winters</em> paddocks, very tender -fingerd in cold weather.</p> - -<p>There are none that beg in the Countrey, but there be -Witches too many, bottle-bellied Witches amongst the -Quakers, and others that produce many strange apparitions -if you will believe report, of a <em>Shallop</em> at Sea man’d -with women; of a Ship, and a great red Horse standing -by the main-mast, the Ship being in a small <em>Cove</em> to the -East-ward vanished of a suddain. Of a Witch that appeared -aboard of a Ship twenty leagues to Sea to a Mariner -who took up the Carpenters broad Axe and cleft her -head with it, the Witch dying of the wound at home, with -such like bugbears and <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Terriculamentaes</i>.</p> - -<p>[p. 183.] It is published in print, that there are not much -less than Ten hundred thousand souls <em>English</em>, <em>Scotch</em> and -<em>Irish</em> in <em>New-England</em>.</p> - -<p>Most of their first Magistrates are dead, not above two -left in the <em>Massachusets</em>, but one at <em>Plimouth</em>, one at <em>Connecticut</em>, -and one at <em>New-haven</em>, they having done their -generation work are laid asleep in their beds of rest till -the day of doom, there and then to receive their reward -according as they have done be it good or evil. Things -of great indurance we see come to ruine, and alter, as -great Flouds and Seas dryed up; mighty hills and mountains -sunk into hollow bottoms: marvel not then that man -is mortal, since his nature is unconstant and transitory.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_141"></a>[141]</span></p> - -<p>The Diseases that the <em>English</em> are afflicted with, are the -same that they have in <em>England</em>, with some proper to -<em>New-England</em>, griping of the belly (accompanied with -Feaver and Ague) which turns to the bloudy-flux, a common -disease in the Countrey, which together with the -small pox hath carried away abundance of their children, -for this the common medicines amongst the poorer sort -are Pills of Cotton swallowed, or Sugar and Sallet-oyl -boiled thick and made into Pills, Alloes pulverized [p. -184.] and taken in the pap of an Apple. I helped many -of them with a sweating medicine only.</p> - -<p>Also they are troubled with a disease in the mouth or -throat which hath proved mortal to some in a very short -time, Quinsies, and Impostumations of the Almonds, -with great distempers of cold. Some of our <em>New-England</em> -writers affirm that the <em>English</em> are never or very -rarely heard to sneeze or cough, as ordinarily they do -in <em>England</em>, which is not true. For a cough or stitch -upon cold, Wormwood, Sage, Marygolds, and Crabs-claws -boiled in posset-drink and drunk off very warm, is a soveraign -medicine.</p> - -<p>Pleurisies and Empyemas are frequent there, both cured -after one and the same way; but the last is a desperate -disease and kills many. For the Pleurisie I have given -<em>Coriander</em>-seed prepared, <em>Carduus</em> seed, and <em>Harts-horn</em> -pulverized with good success, the dose one dram in a cup -of Wine.</p> - -<p>The Stone terribly afflicts many, and the Gout, and -Sciatica, for which take Onions roasted, peeled and stampt, -then boil them with neats-feet oyl and Rhum to a plaister, -and apply it to the hip.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_142"></a>[142]</span></p> - -<p>Head-aches are frequent, Palsies, Dropsies, Worms, -Noli-me-tangeres, Cancers, [p. 185.] pestilent Feavers. -Scurvies, the body corrupted with Sea-diet, Beef and Pork -tainted, Butter and Cheese corrupted, fish rotten, a long -voyage, coming into the searching sharpness of a purer -climate, causeth death and sickness amongst them.</p> - -<p>Men and Women keep their complexions, but lose -their Teeth: the Women are pittifully Tooth-shaken; -whether through the coldness of the climate, or by sweet-meats -of which they have store, I am not able to affirm, -for the Toothach I have found the following medicine -very available, Brimstone and Gunpowder compounded -with butter, rub the mandible with it, the outside being -first warm’d.</p> - -<p>For falling off of the hair occasioned by the coldness of -the climate, and to make it curl, take of the strong water -called Rhum and wash or bath your head therewith, it is -an admirable remedie.</p> - -<p>For kibed heels, to heal them take the yellowest part -of Rozen, pulverize it and work it in the palm of your -hand with the tallow of a Candle to a salve, and lay of it -to the sore.</p> - -<p>For frozen limbs, a plaister framed with Soap, Bay-salt, -and Molosses is sure, or Cow-dung boiled in milk and -applyed.</p> - -<p>For Warts and Corns, bathe them with Sea-water.</p> - -<p>[p. 186.] There was in the Countrey not long since living -two men that voided worms seven times their length. -Likewise a young maid that was troubled with a sore -pricking at her heart, still as she lean’d her body, or stept -down with her foot to the one side or the other; this maid<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_143"></a>[143]</span> -during her distemper voided worms of the length of a -finger all hairy with black heads; it so fell out that the -maid dyed; her friends desirous to discover the cause of -the distemper of her heart, had her open’d, and found two -crooked bones growing upon the top of the heart, which -as she bowed her body to the right or left side would job -their points into one and the same place, till they had -worn a hole quite through. At <em>Cape-Porpus</em> lived an -honest poor planter of middle-age, and strong of body, but -so extreamly troubled with two lumps (or wens as I conjectured) -within him, on each side one, that he could not -rest for them day nor night, being of great weight, and -swagging to the one side or the other, according to the -motion or posture of his body; at last he dyed in <em>Anno</em> -1668 as I think, or thereabouts. Some Chirurgeons there -were that proffered to open him, but his wife would not -assent to it, and so his disease was hidden in the Grave.</p> - -<p>[p. 187.] It is the opinion of many men, that the blackness -of the <em>Negroes</em> proceeded from the curse upon <em>Cham’s</em> -posterity, others again will have it to be the property of -the climate where they live. I pass by other Philosophical -reasons and skill, only render you my experimental -knowledge: having a <em>Barbarie-moor</em> under cure, whose -finger (prickt with the bone of a fish) was Impostumated, -after I had lanc’d it and let out the Corruption the skin -began to rise with proud flesh under it; this I wore away, -and having made a sound bottom I incarnated it, and then -laid on my skinning plaister, then I perceived that the -<em>Moor</em> had one skin more than <em>Englishmen</em>; the skin that -is basted to the flesh is bloudy and of the same Azure colour -with the veins, but deeper than the colour of our <em>Europeans</em><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_144"></a>[144]</span> -veins. Over this is an other skin of a tawny colour, -and upon that <em>Epidermis</em> or <em>Cuticula</em>, the flower of -the skin (which is that Snakes cast) and this is tawny also, -the colour of the blew skin mingling with the tawny -makes them appear black. I do not peremptorily affirm -this to be the cause, but submit to better judgment. More -rarities of this nature I could make known unto you, but -I hasten to an end; only a word or two of our <em>English</em> -Creatures and then to Sea again.</p> - -<p>[p. 188.] I have given you an Account of such plants -as prosper there, and of such as do not; but so briefly, -that I conceive it necessary to afford you some what more -of them. <em>Plantain</em> I told you sprang up in the Countrey -after the <em>English</em> came, but it is but one sort, and that -is broad-leaved plantain.</p> - -<p><em>Gilliflowers</em> thrive exceedingly there and are very large, -the Collibuy or humming-Bird is much pleased with -them. Our <em>English</em> dames make Syrup of them without -fire, they steep them in Wine till it be of a deep colour, -and then they put to it spirit of <em>Vitriol</em>, it will keep as -long as the other.</p> - -<p><em>Eglantine</em> or sweet <em>Bryer</em> is best sowen with <em>Juniper-berries</em>, -two or three to one <em>Eglantine-berry</em> put into a hole -made with a stick, the next year separate and remove -them to your banks, in three years time they will make a -hedge as high as a man, which you may keep thick and -handsome with cutting.</p> - -<p>Our <em>English Clover-grass</em> sowen thrives very well.</p> - -<p><em>Radishes</em> I have seen there as big as a man’s Arm.</p> - -<p><em>Flax</em> and <em>Hemp</em> flourish gallantly.</p> - -<p>Our <em>Wheat</em> i. e. summer <em>Wheat</em> many [p. 189.] times<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_145"></a>[145]</span> -changeth into <em>Rye</em>, and is subject to be blasted, some say -with a vapour breaking out of the earth, others, with a -wind North-east or North-west, at such time as it flowereth, -others again say it is with lightning. I have observed, -that when a land of <em>Wheat</em> hath been smitten with a blast -at one Corner, it hath infected the rest in a weeks time, it -begins at the stem (which will be spotted and goes upwards -to the ear making it fruitless): in 1669 the pond -that lyeth between <em>Water-town</em> and <em>Cambridge</em>, cast its -fish dead upon the shore, forc’t by a mineral vapour as -was conjectured.</p> - -<p>Our fruit-Trees prosper abundantly, <em>Apple-trees</em>, <em>Pear-trees</em>, -<em>Quince-trees</em>, <em>Cherry-trees</em>, <em>Plum-trees</em>, <em>Barberry-trees</em>. -I have observed with admiration, that the Kernels sown -or the Succors planted produce as fair & good fruit, without -graffing, as the Tree from whence they were taken: -the Countrey is replenished with fair and large Orchards. -It was affirmed by one Mr. <em>Woolcut</em> (a magistrate in <em>Connecticut</em> -Colony) at the Captains Messe (of which I was) -aboard the Ship I came home in, that he made Five hundred -Hogsheads of <em>Syder</em> out of his own Orchard in one -year. <em>Syder</em> is very plentiful in the Countrey, ordinarily -sold for Ten shillings a Hogshead. At the [p. 190.] Tap-houses -in <em>Boston</em> I have had an Ale-quart spic’d and -sweetned with Sugar for a groat, but I shall insert a more -delicate mixture of it. Take of <em>Maligo-Raisons</em>, stamp -them and put milk to them, and put them in an <em>Hippocras</em> -bag and let it drain out of it self, put a quantity of -this with a spoonful or two of Syrup of <em>Clove-Gilliflowers</em> -into every bottle, when you bottle your <em>Syder</em>, and your -Planter will have a liquor that exceeds <em>passada</em>, the Nectar -of the Countrey.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_146"></a>[146]</span></p> - -<p>The <em>Quinces</em>, <em>Cherries</em>, <em>Damsons</em>, set the Dames a work, -<em>Marmalad</em> and preserved Damsons is to be met with in -every house. It was not long before I left the Countrey -that I made <em>Cherry wine</em>, and so may others, for there are -good store of them both red and black.</p> - -<p>Their fruit-trees are subject to two diseases, the <em>Meazels</em>, -which is when they are burned and scorched with the -Sun, and lowsiness, when the wood-peckers job holes in -their bark: the way to cure them when they are lowsie is -to bore a hole into the main root with an Augur, and -pour in a quantity of Brandie or Rhum, and then stop it -up with a pin made of the same Tree.</p> - -<p>The first Neat carried thither was to [p. 191.] <em>New-Plimouth</em> -<em>Anno</em> 1624 these thrive and increase exceedingly, -but grow less in body than those they are bred of -yearly.</p> - -<p>Horses there are numerous, and here and there a good -one, they let them run all the year abroad, and in the -winter seldom provide any fother for them, (except it be -Magistrates, great Masters and Troopers Horses) which -brings them very low in flesh till the spring, and so crest -fallen, that their crests never rise again. Here I first met -with that excrescence called <em>Hippomanes</em>, which by some -is said to grow on the forehead of a foal new cast, and -that the Mare bites it off as soon as foaled; but this is but -a fable. A neighbour at <em>Black-point</em> having a Mare with -foal, tyed her up in his Barn, the next day she foaled, and -the man standing by spied a thing like a foals tongue to -drop out of the foals mouth, which he took up and presented -me with it, telling me withall, that he had heard -many wonderful things reported of it, and that it was<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_147"></a>[147]</span> -rank poyson. I accepted of it gladly and brought it home -with me, when it was dry, it lookt like Glew, but of a dark -brown colour; to omit all other uses for it, this I can assure -you that a piece of it soakt in warm water or cold, -will take spots out of wollen Clothes being rub’d thereon.</p> - -<p>[p. 192.] <em>Goats</em> were the first small Cattle they had in -the Countrey, he was counted no body that had not a -Trip or Flock of <em>Goats</em>: a hee-<em>Goat</em> gelt at <em>Michaelmas</em> -and turn’d out to feed will be fat in a moneths time, & is -as good meat as a weather. I was taught by a <em>Barbary -Negro</em> a medicine which before I proceed any further I -will impart unto you, and that was for a swelling under -the throat. Take <em>Goats</em> hair and clay and boil them in -fair water to a poultis, and apply it very warm.</p> - -<p><em>Sheep</em> now they have good store, these and <em>Goats</em> bring -forth two, sometimes three <em>Lambs</em> and <em>Kids</em> at a time.</p> - -<p><em>Hoggs</em> are here innumerable, every planter hath a -Heard, when they feed upon shell-fish and the like, as -they do that are kept near the Sea and by the fishers -stages, they tast fishie and rank; but fed with white Oak-Acorns, -or <em>Indian</em>-Corn and Pease there is not better -Pork in the whole world: besides they sometimes have -the <em>Meazels</em>, which is known when their hinder legs are -shorter than ordinary.</p> - -<p><em>Catts</em> and <em>Dogs</em> are as common as in <em>England</em>, but our -<em>Dogs</em> in time degenerate; yet they have gallant <em>Dogs</em> both -for fowl & wild Beasts all over the Countrey: the <em>Indians</em> -store themselves with them, being much [p. 193.] better -for their turns, than their breed of wild dogs, which are -(as I conceive) like to the <em>Tasso</em>-canes or mountain dogs -in <em>Italy</em>.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_148"></a>[148]</span></p> - -<p>Of <em>English</em> Poultry too there is good store, they have -commonly three broods in a year; the hens by that time -they are three years old have spurs like the Cock, but not -altogether so big, but as long, they use to crow often, -which is so rare a thing in other Countries, that they have -a proverb <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Gallina recinit</i> a Hen crowes. And in <em>England</em> -it is accounted ominous; therefore our Farmers wives -as soon as they hear a Hen crow wring off her neck, -and so they serve their spur’d Hens, because they should -not break their Eggs with their spurs when they sit. In -the year 1637. which was when I went my first Voyage to -<em>New-England</em> a good woman brought aboard with her a -lusty Cock and Hen that had horns like spurs growing out -on each side of their Combs, but she spoiled the breed, killing -of them at Sea, to feed upon, for she loved a fresh bit.</p> - -<p>In <em>Anno</em> 1647/8. Certain <em>Indians</em> coming to our house -clad in <em>Deere-skin</em> coats, desired leave to lodge all night -in our kitchin, it being a very rainie season, some of them -lay down in the middle of the Room, and others under -the Table, in the morning they [p. 194.] went away before -any of the people were up; the poultry had their breakfast -usually in cold weather in the kitchin, and because -they should not hinder the passing of the people too and -again, it was thrown under the Table; in the afternoon -they began to hang the wing, in the night the sickest -dropt dead from the perch, and the next day most of them -dyed; we could not of a sudden ghess at the cause, but -thought the <em>Indians</em> had either bewitched, or poysoned -them: it came at last into my head, seeing their Crops -very full, or rather much swell’d, to open them, where I -found as much <em>Deers</em> hair as Corn, they that pickt up -none of the hair lived and did well.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_149"></a>[149]</span></p> - -<p>In the year 1667. <em>October</em> the 7th amongst our poultry -we had one white game Cock of the <em>French</em> kind, a bird -of high price, when he was three years old he drooped -and his spirit was quite gone; one of our <em>Negro</em> maids -finding him in the yard dead brought him into the house -and acquainted me with it. I caused her to draw him, -when his guts were all drawn out she put in her hand -again and felt a lump in his body as big as a half-peny -loaf, strongly fastned to his back, and much ado she had -to pull it out; I found it to be a tuff bag, containing stuff -like liver, and very heavie, at one end [p. 195.] of the bag, -another little bag filled with a fatty matter, his gizard, -liver, and heart wasted. The Pipe or Roupe is a common -disease amongst their poultry infecting one another with -it. I conceive it cometh of a cold moisture of the brain, -they will be very sleepie with it, the best cure for it is <em>Garlick</em>, -and smoaking of them with dryed <em>Hysope</em>.</p> - -<p>In <em>September</em> following my Arrivage in the <em>Massachusets</em> -about the twelfth hour of the eight day, I shipt my -self and goods in a Bark bound to the East-ward, meeting -as we sailed out the <em>Dutch</em> Governour of <em>New-Netherlands</em>, -who was received and entertained at <em>Boston</em> by the -Governour and Magistrates with great solemnity. About -nine of the clock at night we came to <em>Salem</em> and lay -aboard all night.</p> - -<p>The Ninth day we went ashore to view the Town which -is a mile long, and lay that night at a Merchants house.</p> - -<p>The Tenth day we came from <em>Salem</em> about twelve of -the clock back to <em>Marble-head</em>: here we went ashore and -recreated our selves with Musick and a cup of Sack and -saw the Town, about ten at night we returned to our -Bark and lay aboard.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_150"></a>[150]</span></p> - -<p>The Eleventh being Saturday, and the wind contrary, -we came to <em>Charles-town</em>, [p. 196.] again about twelve -of the clock we took store of <em>Mackarel</em>.</p> - -<p>The Thirteenth being Monday, we went aboard again -about nine of the clock in the morning and out to Sea, -about Sun going down we took store of <em>Mackarel</em>. The</p> - -<p>wind was scanty all along, and in the night time we durst -not bear much sail, because of the Rocks and foaming -breakers that lay in our way.</p> - -<p>The Fourteenth day we came up with <em>Pascataway</em>, or -<em>Pascatique</em>, where there is a large River and a fair harbour, -within here is seated a Colony, properly belonging -to the Heirs of Captain <em>Mason</em> sometime since of <em>London</em>; -but taken into the Colony of <em>Massachusets</em>, by what -right I will not here discuss.</p> - -<p>The chiefest places of note are the <em>Bay</em> or <em>Harbour</em> -North from <em>Boston</em>, on the West-side of the Harbour are -built many fair houses, and so in another part called -<em>Strawberry-bank</em>.</p> - -<p>By the Harbour is an Island which of late days is filled -with buildings, besides there are two Towns more seated -up higher upon the River, the one called <em>Dover</em>; the -River-banks are clothed with stately Timber, and here are -two miles meadow land and arable enough; the other -town is called <em>Excester</em>.</p> - -<p>[p. 197.] At the River <em>Pascataway</em> begins the Province -of <em>Main</em>: having pleased our selves with the sight of <em>Pascataway</em> -at a distance we sailed on, and came to <em>Black-point</em>.</p> - -<p>The Fifteenth day, about eight of the clock at night, -where the next day I was shrewdly pinched with a great<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_151"></a>[151]</span> -frost, but having two or three bottles of excellent <em>Passada</em>, -and good cheer bestowed upon me I made a shift to bear -it out, and now we are in the Province of <em>Main</em>.</p> - -<p>The Province of <em>Main</em>, (or the Countrey of the <em>Traquoes</em>) -heretofore called <em>Laconia</em> or <em>New-Summersetshire</em>, -is a Colony belonging to the Grandson of Sir <em>Ferdinando -Gorges</em> of <em>Ashton Phillips</em> in the County of <em>Sommerset</em>, -the said Sir <em>Ferdinando Gorges</em> did expend in planting -several parts of <em>New-England</em> above Twenty thousand -pounds <em>sterling</em>; and when he was between three and four -score years of age did personally engage in our Royal -Martyrs service; and particularly in the Seige of <em>Bristow</em>, -and was plundered and imprisoned several times, by reason -whereof he was discountenanced by the pretended Commissioners -for forraign plantations, and his Province incroached -upon by the <em>Massachusets</em> Colony, who assumed -the Government thereof. His Majestie that now Reigneth -sent over his [p. 198.] Commissioners to reduce them -within their bounds, and to put Mr. <em>Gorges</em> again into -possession. But there falling out a contest about it, the -Commissioners settled it in the Kings name (until the business -should be determined before his Majestie) and gave -Commissions to the Judge of their Courts, and the Justices -to Govern and Act according to the Laws of <em>England</em>, -& by such Laws of their own as were not repugnant -to them: But as soon as the Commissioners were returned -for <em>England</em>, the <em>Massachusets</em> enter the province in a hostile -manner with a Troop of Horse and Foot and turn’d -the Judge and his Assistants off the Bench, Imprisoned -the Major or Commander of the Militia, threatned the -Judge, and some others that were faithful to Mr. <em>Gorges</em><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_152"></a>[152]</span> -interests. I could discover many other foul proceedings, -but for some reasons which might be given, I conceive it -not convenient to make report thereof to vulgar ears; <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">& -quæ supra nos nihil ad nos</i>. Onely this I could wish, that -there might be some consideration of the great losses, -charge and labour which hath been sustained by the -Judge, and some others for above thirty years in upholding -the rights of Mr. <em>Gorge</em> and his Sacred Majesties Dominion -against a many stubborn and elusive people.</p> - -<p>[p. 199.] <em>Anno Dom.</em> 1623. Mr. <em>Robert Gorge</em>, Sir -<em>Ferdinando Gorges</em> brother had for his good service -granted him by Patent from the Council of <em>Plimouth</em> all -that part of the Land commonly called <em>Massachusiack</em>, -situated on the North-side of the Bay of <em>Massachusets</em>.</p> - -<p>Not long after this Sir <em>Ferdinando Gorges</em> had granted -to him by Patent from the middest of <em>Merrimack</em>-River to -the great River <em>Sagadehock</em>, then called <em>Laconia</em>.</p> - -<p>In 1635. Capt. <em>William Gorge</em>, Sir <em>Ferdinando’s</em> -Nephew, was sent over Governour of the Province of -<em>Main</em>, then called <em>New-Summersetshire</em>.</p> - -<p>Sir <em>Ferdinando Gorge</em> received a Charter-Royal from -King <em>Charles</em> the first the third of <em>April</em> <ins class="corr" id="tn-152" title="Transcriber’s Note—1674 text: 'in the Fifttenth'"> -in the Fifteenth</ins> -of his Raign, granting to him all that part and portion of -<em>New-England</em>, lying and being between the River of <em>Pascataway</em>, -that is, beginning at the entrance of <em>Pascataway-harbour</em>, -and so to pass up the same into the River of -<em>Newichawanoe</em> or <em>Neqhechewanck</em>, and through the same -unto the farthest head thereof aforesaid, North-eastward -along the Sea-coasts, for Sixty miles to <em>Sagadehoc</em>-River -to <em>Kenebeck</em>, even as far as the head thereof, and up into -the main land North-westward for the space of one hundred<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_153"></a>[153]</span> -and twenty [p. 200.] miles. To these Territories are -adjoyned the North half-Isle of <em>Sholes</em>, with several other -Islands, it lyeth between 44 degrees and 45 of Northerly -latitude. The River <em>Canada</em> on the North-east the Sea -coast South, amongst many large Royalties, Jurisdictions -and Immunities was also granted to the said Sir <em>Ferdinando -Gorge</em>, the same Royalties, priviledges and franchises as -are, or of right ought to be enjoyed by the Bishop of -<em>Durham</em> in the County Palatine of <em>Durham</em>; the planters -to pay for every hundred Acres of land yearly, two shillings -six pence, that is such land as is given to them and -their Heirs for ever.</p> - -<p>The Officers by Patent are a Deputy Governour, a -Chancellor, a Treasurer, a Marshal for Souldiers, an Admiraltie -for Sea affairs, and a Judge of the Admiraltie, a -Master of Ordinance, a Secretary, <em>&c.</em></p> - -<p>Towns there are not many in this province. <em>Kittery</em> -situated not far from <em>Pascataway</em> is the most populous.</p> - -<p>Next to that Eastward is seated by a River near the Sea -<em>Gorgiana</em>, a Majoraltie, and the Metropolitan of the province.</p> - -<p>Further to the Eastward is the Town of <em>Wells</em>.</p> - -<p><em>Cape-Porpus</em> Eastward of that, where there is a Town -by the Sea side of the same name, [p. 201.] the houses -scatteringly built, all these Towns have store of salt and -fresh marsh with arable land, and are well stockt with -Cattle.</p> - -<p>About eight or nine mile to the East-ward of <em>Cape-Porpus</em>, -is <em>Winter harbour</em>, a noted place for Fishers, here -they have many stages.</p> - -<p><em>Saco</em> adjoyns to this, and both make one scattering<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_154"></a>[154]</span> -Town of large extent, well stored with Cattle, arable land -and marshes, and a Saw-mill.</p> - -<p>Six mile to the Eastward of <em>Saco</em> & forty mile from -<em>Gorgiana</em> is seated the Town of <em>Black point</em>, consisting of -about fifty dwelling houses, and a Magazine or <em>Doganne</em>, -scatteringly built, they have store of neat and horses, of -sheep near upon Seven or Eight hundred, much arable -and marsh salt and fresh, and a Corn-mill.</p> - -<p>To the Southward of the <em>point</em> (upon which are stages -for fishermen) lye two small Islands beyond the point, -North-eastward runs the River <em>Spurwinch</em>.</p> - -<p>Four miles from <em>Black-point</em>, one mile from <em>Spurwinch</em>-River -Eastward lyeth <em>Richmans-Island</em>, whose longitude is -317 degrees 30 seconds, and latitude 43 degrees and 34 -minutes, it is three mile in circumference, and hath a passable -and gravelly ford on the [p. 202.] North-side, between -the main and the Sea at low-water: here are found -excellent Whetstones, and here likewise are stages for fishermen.</p> - -<p>Nine mile Eastward of <em>Black-point</em> lyeth scatteringly -the Town of <em>Casco</em> upon a large Bay, stored with Cattle, -Sheep, Swine, abundance of marsh and Arable land, a -Corn-mill or two, with stages for fishermen.</p> - -<p>Further East-ward is the Town of <em>Kenebeck</em> seated upon -the River.</p> - -<p>Further yet East-ward is <em>Sagadehock</em>, where there are -many houses scattering, and all along stages for fishermen, -these too are stored with Cattle and Corn lands.</p> - -<p>The mountains and hills that are to be taken notice of, -are first <em>Acomenticus</em> hills, between <em>Kettery</em> and <em>Gorgiana</em>, -the high hills of <em>Ossapey</em> to the West-ward of <em>Saco</em> River,<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_155"></a>[155]</span> -where the princely <em>Pilhanaw</em> Ayries, the white mountains, -to the North-ward of <em>Black-point</em>, the highest <em>Terrasse</em> -in <em>New-England</em>, you have the description of it in -my Treatise of the rarities of <em>New-England</em>.</p> - -<p>A Neighbour of mine rashly wandering out after some -stray’d Cattle, lost his way, and coming as we conceived -by his Relation near to the head spring of some of the -branches of <em>Black-point</em> River or <em>Saco</em>-River, [p. 203.] -light into a Tract of land for God knowes how many -miles full of delfes and dingles, and dangerous precipices, -Rocks and inextricable difficulties which did justly daunt, -yea quite deter him from endeavouring to pass any further: -many such like places are to be met with in <em>New-England</em>.</p> - -<p>The ponds or lakes in this province are very large and -many, out of which the great Rivers have their original; -we read of the lake <em>Balsena</em> that is thirty miles about, -here are that come very near to it, stored with all sorts -of fresh water fish; and if you will believe report, in -one of them huge fishes like Whales are to be seen, and -some of them have fair Islands in them. Twelve mile -from <em>Casco-bay</em>, and passable for men and horses, is a lake -called by the <em>Indians</em> <em>Sebug</em>, on the brink thereof at one -end is the famous Rock shap’d like a <em>Moose-Deere</em> or <em>Helk</em>, -Diaphanous, and called the <em>Moose-Rock</em>. Here are found -stones like Crystal, and <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Lapis Specularis</i> or <em>Muscovia</em> glass -both white and purple.</p> - -<p>On the East-side of <em>Black-point</em> River, upon a plain, -close to the Sea-bank is a pond two mile in compass, fish -it produceth, but those very small and black, and a number -of Frogs and Snakes, and much [p. 204.] frequented<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_156"></a>[156]</span> -by wild-fowl, <em>Ducks</em>, <em>Teal</em>, and wild-<em>Swins</em>, and <em>Geese</em>, especially -spring and fall when they pass along to the South-ward, -and return again to the North-ward where they -breed.</p> - -<p>The principal Rivers in the province of <em>Main</em>, are <em>Pascataway</em>-River, -<em>York</em>-River, <em>Kenibunck</em>-River, near to this -River clay bullets were cast up by a mineral vapour, this -River is by the Town of <em>Wells</em>. Then <em>Saco</em>-River on the -East-side of the Town, the shore Rockie all along on both -sides, where musick echoes from several places: seven -miles up the River is a great fall where abundance of -<em>Salmon</em> and <em>Lamprons</em> are taken at the fall; a great way -up, the River runs upon the Rock, <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">in rupibus defendendo -efficit rivos</i>, he cutteth out Rivers among the Rocks, saith -<em>Job</em>, of the Almighty, <em>Job</em> 28. 10. A little above the fall -is a saw-mill. Then <em>Black-point</em>-River divided into many -branches; this as most of the Rivers in <em>New-England</em>, is -bar’d with a bank of Sand, where the <em>Indians</em> take <em>Sturgeon</em> -and <em>Basse</em>. <em>Spur-winck</em>-River is next, which by his -near approach to <em>Black-point</em>-River maketh that neck of -land almost an Island. Further East-ward is <em>Kenebeck</em>-river -fifty leagues off of <em>New-Plimouth</em> East-ward, and -<em>Pechipscut</em> famous [p. 205.] for multitudes of mighty large -<em>Sturgeon</em>. The last river of the province East-ward is the -great river <em>Sagadehock</em> where Sir <em>John Pophams</em> Colony -seated themselves.</p> - -<p>The chief harbours are <em>Cape-porpus</em>, <em>Winter harbour</em>, -in which are some small Islands, <em>Black-point</em>, <em>Richmans-Island</em>, -<em>Casco-bay</em> the largest in the province full of Islands.</p> - -<p>From <em>Sagadehock</em> to <em>Nova-Scotia</em> is called the Duke of -<em>Yorkes</em> province, here <em>Pemmaquid</em>, <em>Montinicus</em>, <em>Mohegan,<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_157"></a>[157]</span> -apeanawhagen</em>, where Capt. <em>Smith</em> fisht for <em>Whales</em>; -<em>Muscataquid</em>, all fill’d with dwelling houses and stages for -fishermen, and have plenty of Cattle, arable land and -marshes.</p> - -<p><em>Nova Scotia</em> was sold by the Lord <em>Starling</em> to the -<em>French</em>, and is now wholly in their possession.</p> - -<p>Now we are come to <em>New-found-land</em>, which is over -against the gulf of St. <em>Lawrence</em>, an Island near as spacious -as <em>Ireland</em>, and lyeth distant from the Continent as -far as <em>England</em> is from the nearest part of <em>France</em>, and -near half the way between <em>Ireland</em> and <em>Virginia</em>, its longitude -is 334 degrees 20 seconds, and North latitude 46 -degrees 30 minutes, or as others will 53 minutes. <em>The -longitude of places are uncertainly reported, but in latitudes -most agree.</em> [p. 206.] <em>Longitude is the distance of the meridian -of any place from the meridian which passeth over -the Isles of</em> Azores, <em>where the beginning of longitude is said -to be. The meridian is a great circle dividing the Equinoctial -at right Angles into two equal parts, passing also -through both the Poles, and the Zenith, to which circle the -Sun coming twice every 24 hours, maketh the middle of the -day, and the middle of the night. Every place hath a several -meridian, but they all meet in the poles of the world. -Latitude is counted from the Equinoctial to the end of 30 -degrees on each side thereof. The Equinoctial is a great -circle imagined in the Heavens, also dividing the heavens -into two equal parts, and lying just in the middle betwixt -the two poles, being in compass from West to East, 360 degrees, -every degree thereof on the terrestrial Globe valuing -<a id="tn-157"></a>20 English miles, [leagues?] or 60 miles.</em></p> - -<p>Into the Bay of St. <em>Lawrence</em> the River of St. <em>Lawrence</em><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_158"></a>[158]</span> -or <em>Canada</em> disimbogues it self, a River far exceeding any -River in the elder world, thirty or forty mile over at the -mouth, and in the Channel one hundred fathom deep; it -runs on the back-side of <em>New-England</em> and <em>Virginia</em>: the -<em>French</em> (it is said) have gone up six weeks voyage in it, -and have not yet discovered the spring-head: the longitude -is 334 degrees [p. 207.] 11 seconds, in 50 degrees 21 -minutes of North latitude. This may satisfie a modest -Reader, and I hope yield no offence to any. I shall onely -speak a word or two of the people in the province of -<em>Main</em> and the Dukes province, and so conclude.</p> - -<p>The people in the province of <em>Main</em> may be divided -into Magistrates, Husbandmen, or Planters, and fishermen; -of the Magistrates some be Royalists, the rest perverse -Spirits, the like are the planters and fishers, of which -some be planters and fishers both, others meer fishers.</p> - -<p>Handicrafts-men there are but few, the Tumelor or -Cooper, Smiths and Carpenters are best welcome -amongst them, shop-keepers there are none, being supplied -by the <em>Massachusets</em> Merchants with all things they -stand in need of, keeping here and there fair Magazines -stored with <em>English</em> goods, but they set excessive prices on -them, if they do not gain <em>Cent per Cent</em>, they cry out that -they are losers, hence <em>English</em> shooes are sold for Eight -and Nine shillings a pair, worsted stockins of Three shillings -six pence a pair, for Seven and Eight shillings a pair, -Douglass that is sold in <em>England</em> for one or two and -twenty pence an ell, for four shillings a yard, Serges of -two shillings or three shillings a yard, for Six and Seven -[p. 208.] shillings a yard, and so all sorts of Commodities -both for planters and fishermen, as Cables, Cordage,<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_159"></a>[159]</span> -Anchors, Lines, Hooks, Nets, Canvas for sails, <em>&c.</em> Bisket -twenty five shillings a hundred, Salt at an excessive -rate, pickled-herrin for winter bait Four and five pound a -barrel (with which they speed not so well as the waggish -lad at <em>Cape-porpus</em>, who baited his hooks with the drown’d -<em>Negro’s</em> buttocks) so for Pork and Beef.</p> - -<p>The planters are or should be restless pains takers, providing -for their Cattle, planting and sowing of Corn, fencing -their grounds, cutting and bringing home fuel, cleaving -of claw-board and pipe-staves, fishing for fresh water -fish and fowling takes up most of their time, if not all; the -diligent hand maketh rich, but if they be of a droanish -disposition as some are, they become wretchedly poor and -miserable, scarce able to free themselves and family from -importunate famine, especially in the winter for want of -bread.</p> - -<p>They have a custom of taking Tobacco, sleeping at -noon, sitting long at meals some-times four times in a day, -and now and then drinking a dram of the bottle extraordinarily: -the smoaking of Tobacco, if moderately used -refresheth the weary much, and so doth sleep.</p> - -<div class="poetry-container"> -<div class="poetry"> - <div class="verse indent0">[p. 209.] <em>A Traveller five hours doth crave</em></div> - <div class="verse indent8"><em>To sleep, a Student seven will have,</em></div> - <div class="verse indent8"><em>And nine sleeps every Idle knave.</em></div> -</div> -</div> - -<p>The Physitian allowes but three draughts at a meal, the -first for need, the second for pleasure, and the third for -sleep; but little observed by them, unless they have no -other liquor to drink but water. In some places where -the springs are frozen up, or at least the way to their -springs made unpassable by reason of the snow and the<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_160"></a>[160]</span> -like, they dress their meat in <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Aqua Cælestis</i>, i. e. melted -snow, at other times it is very well cook’t, and they feed -upon (generally) as good flesh, Beef, Pork, Mutton, Fowl -and fish as any is in the whole world besides.</p> - -<p>Their Servants which are for the most part <em>English</em>, -when they are out of their time, will not work under half -a Crown a day, although it be for to make hay, and for -less I do not see how they can, by reason of the dearness -of clothing. If they hire them by the year, they pay -them Fourteen or Fifteen pound, yea Twenty pound at -the years end in Corn, Cattle and fish: some of these -prove excellent fowlers, bringing in as many as will maintain -their masters house; besides the profit that accrews -by their feathers, [p. 210.] They use (when it is to be -had) a great round shot, called <em>Barstable</em> shot, (which is -best for fowl) made of a lead blacker than our common -lead, to six pound of shot they allow one pound of powder, -Cannon powder is esteemed best.</p> - -<p>The fishermen take yearly upon the coasts many hundred -kentals of Cod, hake, haddock, polluck <em>&c.</em> which -they split, salt and dry at their stages, making three voyages -in a year. When they share their fish (which is at the -end of every voyage) they separate the best from the worst, -the first they call Merchantable fish, being sound, full grown -fish and well made up, which is known when it is clear -like a Lanthorn horn and without spots; the second sort -they call refuse fish, that is such as is salt burnt, spotted, -rotten, and carelesly ordered: these they put off to the -<em>Massachusets</em> Merchants; the merchantable for thirty and -two and thirty ryals a kental, (a kental is an hundred and -twelve pound weight) the refuse for Nine shillings and<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_161"></a>[161]</span> -Ten shillings a kental, the Merchant sends the merchantable -fish to <em>Lisbonne</em>, <em>Bilbo</em>, <em>Burdeaux</em>, <em>Marsiles</em>, <em>Talloon</em>, -<em>Rochel</em>, <em>Roan</em>, and other Cities of <em>France</em>, to the <em>Canaries</em> -with claw-board and pipe-staves which is there and at the -<em>Charibs</em> a prime Commodity: the refuse fish they put [p. -211.] off at the <em>Charib-Islands</em>, <em>Barbadoes</em>, <em>Jamaica</em>, &c. -who feed their <em>Negroes</em> with it.</p> - -<p>To every Shallop belong four fishermen, a Master or -Steersman, a Midship-man, and a Foremast-man, and a -shore man who washes it out of the salt, and dries it upon -hurdles pitcht upon stakes breast high and tends their -Cookery; these often get in one voyage Eight or Nine -pound a man for their shares, but it doth some of them -little good, for the Merchant to increase his gains by putting -off his Commodity in the midst of their voyages, and -at the end thereof comes in with a walking Tavern, a -Bark laden with the Legitimate bloud of the rich grape, -which they bring from <em>Phial</em>, <em>Madera</em>, <em>Canaries</em>, with -<em>Brandy</em>, <em>Rhum</em>, the <em>Barbadoes strong-water</em>, and <em>Tobacco</em>, -coming ashore he gives them a taster or two, which so -charms them, that for no perswasions that their imployers -can use will they go out to Sea, although fair and seasonable -weather, for two or three days, nay sometimes a -whole week till they are wearied with drinking, taking -ashore two or three Hogsheads of <em>Wine</em> and <em>Rhum</em> to -drink off when the Merchant is gone. If a man of quality -chance to come where they are roystering and gulling -in <em>Wine</em> with a dear felicity, he must be sociable and <em>Roly-poly</em> -with them, taking off [p. 212] their liberal cups as -freely, or else be gone, which is best for him, for when -<em>Wine</em> in their guts is at full Tide, they quarrel, fight and<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_162"></a>[162]</span> -do one another mischief, which is the conclusion of their -drunken compotations. When the day of payment comes, -they may justly complain of their costly sin of drunkenness, -for their shares will do no more than pay the reckoning; -if they save a Kental or two to buy shooes and -stockins, shirts and wastcoats with, ’tis well, other-wayes -they must enter into the Merchants books for such things -as they stand in need off, becoming thereby the Merchants -slaves, & when it riseth to a big sum are constrained to -mortgage their plantation if they have any, the Merchant -when the time is expired is sure to seize upon their plantation -and stock of Cattle, turning them out of house and -home, poor Creatures, to look out for a new habitation in -some remote place where they begin the world again. -The lavish planters have the same fate, partaking with -them in the like bad husbandry, of these the Merchant -buys Beef, Pork, Pease, Wheat and <em>Indian</em> Corn, and sells -it again many times to the fishermen. Of the same nature -are the people in the Dukes province, who not long -before I left the Countrey petitioned the Governour and -Magistrates in [p. 213.] the <em>Massachusets</em> to take them -into their Government, Birds of a feather will ralley together.</p> - -<p><em>Anno Dom.</em> 1671. The year being now well spent, and -the Government of the province turned topsiturvy, being -heartily weary and expecting the approach of winter, I -took my leave of my friends at <em>Black-point</em>. And on the -28 of <em>August</em> being Monday I shipt my self and my goods -aboard of a shallop bound for <em>Boston</em>: towards Sun-set, -the wind being contrary, we put into <em>Gibbons</em> his Island, -a small Island in <em>Winter-harbour</em> about two leagues from<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_163"></a>[163]</span> -<em>Black-point</em> West-ward, here we stayed till the 30. day being -Wednesday, about nine of the clock we set sail, and -towards Sun-set came up with <em>Gorgiana</em>, the 31 day being -Thursday we put into <em>Cape-Ann</em>-harbour about Sun-set. -<em>September</em> the 1 being Saturday in the morning before -day we set sail and came to <em>Boston</em> about three of the -clock in the afternoon, where I found the Inhabitants -exceedingly afflicted with griping of the guts, and Feaver, -and Ague, and bloudy Flux.</p> - -<p>The Eight day of <em>October</em> being Wednesday, I boarded -the new-Supply of <em>Boston</em> 120 Tun, a ship of better sail -than defence, her Guns being small, and for salutation -only, the Master Capt. <em>Fairweather</em>, her [p. 214.] sailers -16. and as many passengers. Towards night I returned -to <em>Boston</em> again, the next day being Thanksgiving day, on -Fryday the Tenth day we weighed Anchor and fell down -to <em>Hull</em>.</p> - -<p>The 12 and 13 day about 20 leagues from <em>Cape-Sable</em> a -bitter storm took us, beginning at seven of the clock at -night, which put us in terrible fear of being driven upon -the <em>Cape</em>, or the Island of <em>Sables</em> where many a tall ship -hath been wrackt.</p> - -<p><em>November</em> the One and twenty about two of the clock -afternoon we saw within kenning before us thick clouds, -which put us in hope of land, the <em>Boson</em> brings out his -purse, into which the passengers put their good will, then -presently he nails it to the main-mast, up go the boyes to -the main-mast-top sitting there like so many <em>Crowes</em>, when -after a while one of them cryes out land, which was glad -tidings to the wearied passengers, the boyes descend, and -the purse being taken from the mast was distributed<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_164"></a>[164]</span> -amongst them, the lad that first descryed land having a -double share: about three of the clock <em>Scilly</em> was three -leagues off.</p> - -<p>The four and twentieth day we came to <em>Deal</em>, from -thence the 25. to <em>Lee</em>, the 26. being Sunday we steemed -the Tide to <em>Gravesend</em>, about two of the clock [p. 215.] -afternoon. The 27 we came up with <em>Wollich</em> where I -landed and refresht my self for that night, next day I -footed it four or five miles to <em>Bexley</em> in <em>Kent</em> to visit a -near kinsman, the next day proved rainie, the 30 day being -Fryday my kinsman accommodated me with a Horse -and his man to <em>Greenwich</em>, where I took a pair of Oars -and went aboard our Ship then lying before <em>Radcliff</em>, here -I lay that night. Next day being Saturday, and the first -of <em>December</em> I cleared my goods, shot the bridge and -landed at the <em>Temple</em> about seven of the clock at night, -which makes my voyage homeward 7 weeks and four -days, and from my first setting out from <em>London</em> to my -returning to <em>London</em> again Eight years Six moneths and -odd days.</p> - -<p>Now by the merciful providence of the Almighty, having -perform’d Two voyages to the North-east parts of the -Western-world, I am safely arrived in my Native Countrey; -having in part made good the <em>French</em> proverb, -Travail where thou canst, but dye where thou oughtest, -that is, in thine own Countrey.</p> - - -<p class="p2 pfs90 lsp2"><em>FINIS.</em></p> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> -<div class="chapter"> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_165"></a>[165]</span></p> - -<h2 class="nobreak"> -<span class="fs150 lht2">Chronological</span><br /> - -<span class="fs120 lsp2 lht2">OBSERVATIONS</span><br /> - -<span class="fs80 lsp">OF</span><br /> - -<span class="fs180 lht2">AMERICA,</span></h2> - -<p class="p1 pfs120 lht"> -From the year of the World<br /> -to the year of Christ,<br /> -1673.<br /><br /></p> - -<hr class="r50" /> -<div class="figcenter illowp50" id="chron-250" style="max-width: 8em;"> - <img class="w100" src="images/chron-250.jpg" alt="" /> -</div> -<hr class="r50" /> - -<p class="p2 pfs100 lsp2"><em>LONDON</em>:</p> - -<p class="p1 pfs100">Printed for <em>Giles Widdowes</em>, at the <em>Green-Dragon</em><br /> -in St. <em>Paul’s</em>-Church-yard, 1674.</p> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"></div> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_166"></a>[166]</span><br /> - <span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_167"></a>[167]</span></p> - -<div class="figcenter illowp100" id="pref2-600" style="max-width: 37.5em;"> - <img class="w100" src="images/pref2-600.jpg" alt="" /> -</div> - -<h3>The Preface.</h3> -</div> - -<div><img class="drop-cap" src="images/pref2-t-100.jpg" alt="" /></div> - -<p class="drop-cap"><em>The Terrestrial World is by our learned Geographers -divided into four parts</em>, Europe, Asia, -Africa <em>and</em> America <em>so named from</em> Americus -Vespucius <em>the</em> Florentine, <em>Seven years after</em> Columbus; -<em>although</em> Columbus <em>and</em> Cabota <em>deserved rather the honour -of being Godfathers to it: notwithstanding by this name it -is now known to us, but was utterly unknown to the Ancient</em> -Europeans <em>before their times, I will not say</em> to the -<em>Africans</em> and <em>Asians</em>, for <em>Plato</em> in his <em>Timeus</em> relateth of -a great Island called <em>Atlantis</em>, and <em>Philo</em> the <em>Jew</em> in his -book <cite>De mundo</cite>, that it was over-flowen with water, by -reason of a mighty Earthquake; The like happened to it -600 years before <em>Plato</em>: thus was the <em>Atlantick</em> Ocean, -caused to be a Sea, <em>if you will believe the same Philosopher, -who flourished</em> 366 <em>years before the Birth of our Saviour</em>.</p> - -<p>America <em>is bounded on the South with the streight of</em> -Magellan, <em>where there are many Islands distinguished by an -interflowing Bay; the West with the pacifique Sea, or</em> mare-del-zur, -<em>which Sea runs towards the North, separateing it -from the East parts of</em> Asia; <em>on the East with the</em> Atlantick, -<em>or our Western Ocean called</em> mare-del-Nort; <em>and on -the North with the Sea that separateth it from</em> Groveland, -<em>thorow which Seas the supposed passage to</em> China <em>lyeth; -these North parts, as yet are but barely discovered by our -voyagers.</em></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_168"></a>[168]</span></p> - -<p><em>The length of this new World between the streights of</em> -Anian <em>and</em> Magellan <em>is</em> 2400 German <em>miles, in breadth -between</em> Cabo de fortuna <em>near the</em> Anian <em>streights is</em> 1300 -German <em>miles. About</em> 18 <em>leagues from</em> Nombre de dios, -<em>on the South-Sea lyeth</em> Panama (<em>a City having three fair -Monasteries in it</em>) <em>where the narrowest part of the Countrey -is, it is much less than</em> Asia, <em>and far bigger than</em> -Europe, <em>and as the rest of the world divided into Islands -and Continent, the Continent supposed to contain about</em> -1152400000 <em>Acres.</em></p> - -<p><em>The Native people I have spoken of already: The discoverers -and Planters of Colonies, especially in the North-east -parts; together with a continuation of the proceedings of -the</em> English <em>in</em> New-England, <em>from the first year of their -settling there to purpose, to this present year of our Lord</em> -1673. <em>with many other things by the way inserted and -worth the observing I present unto your view in this ensuing -Table.</em></p> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_169"></a>[169]</span></p> -</div> - -<div class="figcenter illowp100" id="pref2x-600" style="max-width: 37.5em;"> - <img class="w100" src="images/pref2-600.jpg" alt="" /> -</div> - - -<p class="p2 center"><em>Anno Mundi</em>, 3720.</p> - -<p class="drop-capy">B<em>Ritain</em> known to the <em>Græcians</em> as appeared by <em>Polybius</em> -the <em>Greek</em> Historian 265 years before the Birth -of our Saviour, & after him <em>Athenæus</em> a <em>Greek</em> Author of -good account 170 before Christ, relateth that <em>Hiero</em> sent -for a mast for a great Ship that he had built to <em>Britain</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">3740.</p> - -<p><em>Hanno</em> the <em>Carthaginian</em> flourished, who sent to discover -the great Island <em>Atlantis</em>, i. e. <em>America</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">3873.</p> - -<p><em>Britain</em> unknown to the <em>Romans</em> was first discovered to -them by <em>Julius Cæsar</em>, 54 years before the Birth of Christ, -who took it to be part of the Continent of <em>France</em>, and -got nothing but the sight of that part called afterwards -<em>England</em>, which is the South of <em>Britain</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center"><em>Anno Domini</em>, 86.</p> - -<p><em>Britain</em> discovered to be an Island, and conquered by -<em>Julius Agricola</em> 136. years after <em>Julius Cæsars</em> entrance -into it.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">99.</p> - -<p>[p. 224.] The Emperour <em>Trajan</em> flourished and stretched -the Confines of the <em>Roman</em> Empire, unto the remotest -Dominions of the <em>East-Indies</em>, who never before that time -had heard of a <em>Roman</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">745.</p> - -<p><em>Boniface</em> Bishop of <em>Mens</em> a City in Germany, was accused -before Pope <em>Zachary</em> in the time of <em>Ethelred</em> King<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_170"></a>[170]</span> -of the <em>East-Angles</em> for Heresie, <em>&c.</em> in that he averred -there were Antipodes. St. <em>Augustine</em> and <em>Lactantius</em> -opinion was that there were none.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">827.</p> - -<p><em>Egbert</em> the <em>Saxon</em> Monarch changed the name of the -people in <em>England</em>, and called them <em>English-men</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">844.</p> - -<p>The <em>Turks</em> or <em>Scythians</em> came from thence in the time -of <em>Ethelwolf</em> King of the <em>West-Saxons</em>. If the <em>Ottoman</em>-line -should fail, the <em>Chrim Tartar</em> is to succeed, being -both of one Family.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">959.</p> - -<p><em>Edgar</em> Sirnamed the Peaceable, the 30 Monarch of the -<em>English</em>, caused the Wolves to be destroyed by imposing a -Tribute upon the Princes of <em>Wales</em>; and <em>Fage</em> Prince of -<em>North-Wales</em> paid him yearly 300 Wolves, [p. 227.] which -continued three years space, in the fourth year there was -not a Wolf to be found, and so the Tribute ceased.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1160.</p> - -<p>In the Emperours <em>Frederick Barbarossa’s</em> time, certain -<em>West-Indians</em> came into <em>Germany</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1170.</p> - -<p><em>Madoc</em> the Son of <em>Owen Gwineth</em> Prince of <em>North-Wales</em> -his voyage to the <em>West-Indies</em>, he planted a Colony -in the Western part of the Countrey, in our <em>Henry</em> the -Seconds Raign.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1300.</p> - -<p><em>Flavio</em> of <em>Malphi</em> in <em>Naples</em> invented the Compass in -our <em>Edward</em> the firsts time.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1330.</p> - -<p>The <em>Canaries</em> discovered by an <em>English</em> Ship.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_171"></a>[171]</span></p> - -<p class="p1 center">1337.</p> - -<p>In <em>Edward</em> the third’s time a Comet appeared, continuing -30 days.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1344.</p> - -<p><em>Machan</em> an <em>English-man</em> accidentally discovered <em>Madera-Island</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1350.</p> - -<p><em>Estotiland</em> discovered by fishermen of <em>Freez-land</em>, in <em>Edward</em> -the third’s Raign.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1360.</p> - -<p>The Franciscan-Fryer <em>Nicholas de Linno</em>, [p. 228.] who -is said to discover the Pole by his black Art, went thither -in the Raign of <em>Edward</em> the Third.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1372.</p> - -<p>Sir <em>John Mandivel</em>, the Great Traveller dyed at <em>Leige</em> -a City in the <em>Netherland</em> Provinces in <em>Edward</em> the Third’s -Raign.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1380.</p> - -<p><em>Nicholas</em> and <em>Antonio Zeni</em>, two Noble Gentlemen of -<em>Venice</em> were driven by Tempest upon the Island of <em>Estotiland</em> -or <em>Gronland</em>, in our <em>Edward</em> the Third’s Raign.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1417.</p> - -<p>The <em>Canaries</em> conquered by <em>Betan-Court</em> a <em>Frenchman</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1420.</p> - -<p>The Island of <em>Madera</em> discovered in our <em>Henry</em> the -Fifth’s time.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1428.</p> - -<p>The Island <em>Puerto Santo</em>, or <em>Holy-port</em> distant from -<em>Madera</em> 40 miles, discovered by <em>Portingal</em> Mariners on -<em>All-hallowes-day</em>, and therefore called <em>Holy-port</em>, it is in -compass 150 miles, in <em>Henry</em> the Sixth’s Raign.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_172"></a>[172]</span></p> - -<p class="p1 center">1440.</p> - -<p>The Island of <em>Cape de verd</em> discovered.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1452.</p> - -<p>The <em>Marine</em> parts of <em>Guinea</em> discovered by the <em>Portingals</em> -in <em>Henry</em> the Sixth’s Raign.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1478.</p> - -<p>[p. 229.] <em>Ferdinando</em> first Monarch of all <em>Spain</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1485.</p> - -<p><em>Henry</em> the Seventh began to Raign.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1486.</p> - -<p>The Kingdom of <em>Angola</em> and <em>Congo</em>, with the Islands -of St. <em>George</em>, St. <em>James</em> and St. <em>Helens</em> discovered.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1488.</p> - -<p><em>Christopher Columbus</em> a <em>Genouese</em> offered the discovery -of the <em>West-Indies</em> to <em>Henry</em> the Seventh.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1492.</p> - -<p><em>Christopher Columbus</em> sent to discover the <em>West-Indies</em> -by <em>Ferdinando</em> King of <em>Arragon</em>, and <em>Isabella</em> Queen of -<em>Castile</em>, who descended from <em>Edward</em> the Third King of -<em>England</em>.</p> - -<p>The <em>Caribby-Islands</em> the <em>Antilles</em> or <em>Canibal</em>, or <em>Camerean-Islands</em> -now discovered by <em>Christopher Columbus</em>, who -took possession of <em>Florida</em> and <em>Hispaniola</em> for the King of -<em>Spain</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1493.</p> - -<p><em>Alexander</em> <ins class="corr" id="tn-172" title="Transcriber’s Note—1674 text: 'the Sixt Pope'"> -the Sixth Pope</ins> of <em>Rome</em> a <em>Spaniard</em>, took -upon him to divide the world by his Bull, betwixt the -<em>Portingal</em> and the <em>Spaniard</em>, bearing date the fourth of -<em>May</em>, giving to the one the East, and to the other the -West-<em>Indies</em>.</p> - -<p>[p. 230.] St. <em>Jean Porto Rico</em> discovered by <em>Christopher<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_173"></a>[173]</span> -Columbus</em>, <em>Cuba</em> and <em>Jamaica</em> discovered by him, this was -his second voyage.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1495.</p> - -<p><em>Sebastian Cabota</em> the first that attempted to discover the -North-west passage at the charge of <em>Henry</em> the Seventh.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1497.</p> - -<p><em>Christopher Columbus</em> his third voyage to the West-<em>Indies</em>, -and now he discovered the Countreys of <em>Paria</em> and -<em>Cumana</em>, with the Islands of <em>Cubagua</em> and <em>Margarita</em>.</p> - -<p><em>John Cabota</em> and his Son <em>Sebastian Cabota</em> sent by -<em>Henry</em> the Seventh, to discover the <em>West-Indies</em>, which -they performed from the <em>Cape</em> of <em>Florida</em> to the 67 degree -and a half of Northerly latitude, being said by some to be -the first that discovered <em>Florida</em>, <em>Virginia</em>, and <em>New-found-land</em>.</p> - -<p><em>Vasques de Gama</em> his voyage to <em>Africa</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1500.</p> - -<p><em>Christopher Columbus</em> his fourth and last voyage to the -<em>West-Indies</em>.</p> - -<p><em>Jasper Corteriaglis</em> a <em>Portugal</em>, his voyage to discover -the North-West passage, he discovered <em>Greenland</em>, or <em>Terra -Corteriaglis</em>, or <em>Terra di Laborodoro</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1501.</p> - -<p><em>Americus Vesputius</em> a <em>Florentine</em> imployed by the King -of <em>Castile</em> and <em>Portingal</em>, to discover [p. 231.] the <em>West-Indies</em>, -named from him Seven year after <em>Columbus</em>, -<em>America</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1506.</p> - -<p><em>Christopher Columbus</em> dyed.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1508.</p> - -<p><em>Henry</em> the Seventh dyed <em>August the</em> Two and twentieth.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_174"></a>[174]</span></p> - -<p><em>Henry</em> the Eighth King of England.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1514.</p> - -<p><em>Sebastian Cabota</em>, the Son of <em>John</em> made further discovery -of all the North-east coasts from <em>Cape Florida</em> to <em>New-found-land</em>, -and <em>Terra Laborador</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1516.</p> - -<p>The voyage of Sir <em>Thomas Pert</em> Vice-Admiral of <em>England</em>, -and <em>Sebastian Cabota</em>, the Eighth of <em>Henry</em> the -Eighth to <em>Brasil</em>, St. <em>Domingo</em>, and St. <em>Juan de puerto -rico</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1520.</p> - -<p><em>Ferdinando Magellano</em> a noble <em>Portingal</em> set forth to -sail about the world, but was 1521 unfortunately slain.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1522.</p> - -<p>The <em>Bermuduz-Isle</em> 400 in number, being 500 miles -distant from <em>Virginia</em>, and 3300 miles from the City of -<em>London</em> in the latitude 32 degrees and 30 minutes, discovered -now accidentally by <em>John Bermuduz</em> a <em>Spaniard</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1523.</p> - -<p>[p. 232.] <em>Stephen Gomez</em> his voyage to discover the -North-west passage, some will have it in Twenty five.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1527.</p> - -<p><em>New-found-land</em> discovered by one <em>Andrew Thorn</em>, the -Southern part but 600 leagues from <em>England</em>.</p> - -<p><em>John de Ponce</em> for the <em>Spaniard</em> took possession of <em>Florida</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1528.</p> - -<p><em>Nevis</em> or <em>Mevis</em> planted now according to some writers.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1534.</p> - -<p><em>Califormia</em> questioned, whether Island or Continent, -first discovered by the <em>Spaniard</em>.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_175"></a>[175]</span></p> - -<p><em>Nova Francia</em> lying between the 40 and 50 degree of -the <em>Artic-poles Altitude</em> discovered by <em>Jaques Carthier</em> in -his first voyage, the first Colony planted in <em>Canada</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1536.</p> - -<p>The Puritan-Church policy began now in <em>Geneva</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1542.</p> - -<p><em>Monsieur du Barvals</em> voyage to <em>Nova Francia</em>, sent to -inhabite those parts.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1548.</p> - -<p><em>Henry</em> the Eighth dyed.</p> - -<p><em>Edward</em> the Sixth King of <em>England</em> began to Raign.</p> - -<p>[p. 233.] <em>Sebastian Cabota</em> made grand Pilot of <em>England</em> -by <em>Edward</em> the Sixth.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1550.</p> - -<p>The sweating sickness in <em>England.</em></p> - -<p class="p1 center">1553.</p> - -<p><em>Edward</em> the Sixth dyed.</p> - -<p><em>Mary</em> Queen of <em>England</em> began to Raign.</p> - -<p>Sir <em>Hugh Willoughby</em>, and all his men in two Ships in -his first attempt to discover the North-east passage, were -in <em>October</em> frozen to death in the Haven called <em>Arzima</em> in -<em>Lapland</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1558.</p> - -<p>Queen <em>Mary</em> dyed.</p> - -<p><em>Elizabeth</em> Queen of <em>England</em> began to Raign <em>November</em> -the Seventeenth.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1560.</p> - -<p><em>Salvaterra</em> a <em>Spaniard</em> his voyage to the North-west -passage.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1562.</p> - -<p>Sir <em>John Hawkin’s</em> first voyage to the <em>West-Indies</em>.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_176"></a>[176]</span></p> - -<p>The first expedition of the <em>French</em> into <em>Florida</em>, undertaken -by <em>John Ribald</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1565.</p> - -<p>Tobacco first brought into <em>England</em> by Sir <em>John Hawkins</em>, -but it was first brought into use by Sir <em>Walter Rawleigh</em> -many years after.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1566.</p> - -<p>The Puritans began to appear in <em>England</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1569.</p> - -<p>[p. 234.] <em>Anthony Jenkinson</em> the first of the <em>English</em> that -sailed through the <em>Caspian</em>-Sea.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1572.</p> - -<p>Private Presbyteries now first erected in <em>England</em>.</p> - -<p>Sir <em>Francis Drake’s</em> first voyage to the <em>West-Indies</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1573.</p> - -<p>The <em>Hollanders</em> seek for aid from Queen <em>Elizabeth</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1576.</p> - -<p>Sir <em>Martin Frobisher</em> the first in Queen <em>Elizabeths</em> days -that sought for the North-west passage, or the streight, or -passage to <em>China</em>, and <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">meta incognita</i>, in three several voyages, -others will have it in 1577.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1577.</p> - -<p><em>November</em> the 17 Sir <em>Francis Drake</em> began his voyage -about the world with five Ships, and 164 men setting sail -from <em>Plimouth</em>, putting off <em>Cape de verde</em>. The beginning -of <em>February</em>, he saw no Land till the fifth of <em>April</em>, -being past the line 30 degrees of latitude, and in the 36 -degree entered the River <em>Plates</em>, whence he fell with the -streight of <em>Magellan</em> the 21 of <em>August</em>, which with three -of his Ships he passed, having cast off the other two as -impediments to him, and the <em>Marigold</em> tossed from her<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_177"></a>[177]</span> -General after [p. 235.] passage was no more seen. The -other commanded by Capt. <em>Winter</em> shaken off also by -Tempest, returned thorow the Streights and recovered -<em>England</em>, only the <em>Pellican</em>, whereof himself was Admiral, -held on her course to <em>Chile</em>, <em>Coquimbo</em>, <em>Cinnama</em>, <em>Palma</em>, -<em>Lima</em>, upon the west of <em>America</em>, where he passed the line -1579 the first day of <em>March</em>, and so forth until he came to -the latitude 47. Thinking by those North Seas to have -found passage to <em>England</em>, but fogs, frosts and cold winds -forced him to turn his course South-west from thence, and -came to Anchor 38 degrees from the line, where the King -of that Countrey presented him his Net-work Crown of -many coloured feathers, and therewith resigned his Scepter -of Government unto his Dominion, which Countrey -Sir <em>Francis Drake</em> took possession of in the Queens name, -and named it <em>Nova Albion</em>, which is thought to be part -of the Island of <em>Califormia</em>.</p> - -<p>Sir <em>Martin Frobisher’s</em> second voyage.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1578.</p> - -<p>Sir <em>Humphrey Gilbert</em> a <em>Devonshire</em> Knight attempted -to discover <em>Virginia</em>, but without success.</p> - -<p>Sir <em>Martin Frobisher’s</em> third voyage to <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Meta incognita</i>. -<em>Freezeland</em> now called <em>West-England</em>, 25 leagues in length, -in the latitude of 57.</p> - -<p>[p. 236.] Sir <em>Francis Drake</em> now passed the Streights -of <em>Magellan</em> in the Ship called the <i>Pellican</i>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1579.</p> - -<p>Sir <em>Francis Drake</em> discovered <em>Nova Albion</em> in the South-Sea.</p> - -<p>Others will have Sir <em>Martin Frobisher’s</em> first voyage to -discover the North-west passage to be this year.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_178"></a>[178]</span></p> - -<p class="p1 center">1580.</p> - -<p>From <em>Nova Albion</em> he fell with <em>Ternate</em>, one of the Isles -of <em>Molucco</em>, being courteously entertained of the King, -and from thence he came unto the Isles of <em>Calebes</em>, to -<em>Java Major</em>, to <em>Cape buona speranza</em>, and fell with the -coasts of <em>Guinea</em>, where crossing again the line, he came -to the height of the <em>Azores</em>, and thence to <em>England</em> upon -the third of <em>November</em> 1580. after three years lacking -twelve days, and was Knighted, and his Ship laid up at -<em>Deptford</em> as a monument of his fame.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1581.</p> - -<p>The Provinces of <em>Holland</em> again seek for aid to the -Queen of <em>England</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1582.</p> - -<p>Sir <em>Humphrey Gilbert</em> took possession of <em>New-found-land</em> -or <em>Terra Nova</em>, in the harbour of St. <em>John</em>, for and in the -name of [p. 237.] Queen <em>Elizabeth</em>, it lyeth over against -the gulf of St. <em>Lawrence</em>, and is between 46 and 53 degrees -of the North-poles Altitude.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1583.</p> - -<p>Sir <em>Walter Rawleigh</em> in <em>Ireland</em>.</p> - -<p>Sir <em>Humphrey Gilbert</em> attempted a plantation in some -remote parts in <em>New-England</em>.</p> - -<p>He perished in his return from <em>New-found-land</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1584.</p> - -<p>The woful year of subscription so called by the Brethren, -or Disciplinarians.</p> - -<p>Sir <em>Walter Rawleigh</em> obtained of Queen <em>Elizabeth</em> a -Patent for the discovery and peopling of unknown Countries, -not actually possessed by any Christian Prince. -Dated <em>March</em> 25. in the six and twentieth of her Raign.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_179"></a>[179]</span></p> - -<p><em>April</em> the 27 following, he set forth two Barkes under -the Command of Mr. <em>Philip Amedas</em> and Mr. <em>Arthur -Barlow</em>, who arrived on that part of <em>America</em>, which that -Virgin Queen named <em>Virginia</em>, and thereof in her Majesties -name took possession <em>July</em> the Thirteenth.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1585.</p> - -<p>Cautionary Towns and Forts in the low-Countreys delivered -unto Queen <em>Elizabeths</em> hands.</p> - -<p>Sir <em>Richard Greenvile</em> was sent by Sir [p. 238.] <em>Walter -Rawleigh</em> <em>April</em> the Ninth, with a Fleet of 7 sail to <em>Virginia</em>, -and was stiled the General of <em>Virginia</em>. He landed -in the Island of St. <em>John de porto Rico</em> <em>May</em> the Twelfth, -and there fortified themselves and built a <em>Pinnasse</em>, &c. -In <em>Virginia</em> they left 100 men under the Government of -Mr. <em>Ralph Lane</em>, and others.</p> - -<p>Sir <em>Francis Drake’s</em> voyage to the <em>West-Indies</em>, wherein -were taken the Cities of St. <em>Jago</em>, St. <em>Domingo Cartagena</em>, -and the Town of St. <em>Augustine</em> in <em>Florida</em>.</p> - -<p>Now (say some) Tobacco was first brought into <em>England</em> -by Mr. <em>Ralph Lane</em> out of <em>Virginia</em>.</p> - -<p>Others will have Tobacco to be first brought into <em>England</em> -from <em>Peru</em>, by Sir <em>Francis Drake’s</em> Mariners.</p> - -<p>Capt. <em>John Davies</em> first voyage to discover the North-west -passage, encouraged by Sir <em>Francis Walsingham</em>, -principal Secretary.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1586.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Thomas Candish</em> of <em>Trimely</em>, in the County of <em>Suffolk</em> -Esq, began his voyage in the ship called the <em>Desire</em>, -and two ships more to the South-Sea through the -Streights of <em>Magellan</em> (and from thence round about the -circumference of the whole earth) burnt and ransack’d in<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_180"></a>[180]</span> -the entrance of <em>Chile</em>, [p. 239.] <em>Peru</em> and <em>New-Spain</em>, near -the great Island of <em>Calformia</em> in the South-Sea; and returned -to <em>Plimouth</em> with a pretious booty 1588. <em>September</em> -the Eighth, being the Third since <em>Magellan</em>, that circuited -the earth, our <em>English</em> voyagers were never out-stript by -any.</p> - -<p>The Natives in <em>Virginia</em> conspired against the <em>English</em>.</p> - -<p>The same year Sir <em>Richard Greenvile</em> General of <em>Virginia</em> -arrived there with three ships, bringing relief from -Sir <em>Walter Rawleigh</em> to the Colony.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>John Davies</em> second voyage to discover the North-west -passage.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1587.</p> - -<p>Sir <em>Walter Rawleigh</em> sent another Colony of 150 persons -under the Government of Mr. <em>John White</em>.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>John Davies</em> third voyage to discover the North-west -passage.</p> - -<p>Sir <em>Francis Drake</em>, with four ships took from the <em>Spaniards</em> -one million, 189200 Ducats in one voyage.</p> - - -<p class="p1 center">1588.</p> - -<p>Queen <em>Elizabeth</em> opposed her Authority against the -Brethrens books and writings.</p> - -<p>Sir <em>Francis Drake</em> Vice-Admiral of the <em>English</em> Fleet, -the Lord-Admiral bestowed the order of Knight-hood -upon Mr. <em>John</em> [p. 240.] <em>Hawkins</em>, <em>Martin Forbisher</em> and -others, <em>July</em> the Five and twentieth.</p> - -<p>The <em>Spanish Armado</em> defeated, consisting of 130 ships, -wherein were 19290 Souldiers, 2080 chained Rowers, -2630 great Ordnance, Commanded by <em>Perezius Guzman</em> -Duke of <em>Medina Sedonia</em>, and under him <em>Johannes Martinus -Recaldus</em> a great Seaman; The Fleet coming on<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_181"></a>[181]</span> -like a half-moon, the horns of the front extending one -from the other about 7 miles asunder, it was preparing 15 -years, and was blackt to make it seem more terrible.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1589.</p> - -<p>The <em>Portingal</em> voyage under the conduct of Sir <em>Francis -Drake</em>.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Thomas Candish</em> now finished his voyage about the -world, as some will have it.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1590.</p> - -<p>Now Tobacco first used in <em>England</em>, as some will have -it.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1591.</p> - -<p>The first <em>Englishman</em> that ever was in the <em>Bermuduze</em> -or <em>Summer-Islands</em>, was one <em>Henry May</em>.</p> - -<p>The voyage of Capt. <em>Newport</em> to the <em>West-Indies</em>, where -upon the coast of <em>Hispaniola</em>, he took and burnt three -Towns, and Nineteen sail of ships and Frigats.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Thomas Candish</em> last voyage, in which he dyed.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1593.</p> - -<p>[p. 241.] Sir <em>Martin Frobisher</em> Commander of the <em>English</em> -Fleet slain in the quarrel of <em>H.</em> King of <em>Navarr</em>.</p> - -<p>The last voyage of Sir <em>Francis Drake</em>, and Sir <em>John -Hawkins</em> to the <em>West-Indies</em> with six ships of the Queens, -and twelve other ships and Barks containing 2400 men -and boyes, in which voyage they both dyed, and Sir -<em>Francis Drake’s</em> Coffen was thrown over board near <em>Porto -bello</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1594.</p> - -<p>Sir <em>Robert Duddeley’s</em> voyage to <em>Trinadad</em>, and the coast -of <em>Paria</em>.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>James Lancasters</em> voyage to <em>Fernambuck</em> the port<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_182"></a>[182]</span> -Town of <em>Olinda</em> in <em>Brazil</em>, in which voyage he took 29 -ships and Frigats, surprized the said port Town, and there -found the Cargazon or fraught of a rich <em>Indian Carack</em>, -which together with great abundance of Sugars and Cottons -he brought from thence; lading therewith fifteen -sail of tall ships and barks.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1595.</p> - -<p>The voyage of Sir <em>Amias Preston</em>, & Capt. <em>George Sommers</em> -to the <em>West-Indies</em>, where they took, sackt, spoiled and -abandoned the Island of <em>Puerto Santo</em>, the Island of <em>Cock</em> -near [p. 242.] <em>Margarita</em>, the Fort and Town of <em>Coro</em>, the -stately City of St. <em>Jago de leon</em>, and the Town of <em>Cumana</em> -ransomed, and <em>Jamaica</em> entered.</p> - -<p>Sir <em>Walter Rawleigh’s</em> voyage now to <em>Guiana</em>, discovered -by him. In which voyage he took St. <em>Joseph</em> a Town -upon <em>Trinidado</em>.</p> - -<p>The <em>Sabbatarian</em> doctrine published by the Brethren.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1596.</p> - -<p>The voyage to <em>Cadez</em>, Sir <em>Walter Rawleigh</em> Rere-Admiral.</p> - -<p>The voyage of Sir <em>Anthony Sherley</em> intended for the -Island of St. <em>Tome</em>, but performed to St. <em>Jago</em>, <em>Dominga</em>, -<em>Margarita</em>, along the coast of <em>Terra Firma</em> to the Island -of <em>Jamaica</em>, situated between 17 and 18 degrees of the -North-poles elevation (which he conquered, but held it -not long) from thence to the bay of <em>Hondurus</em>, 30 leagues -up <em>Rio dolce</em>, and homeward by <em>New-found-land</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1597.</p> - -<p>The voyage to the <em>Azores</em>, Sir <em>Walter Rawleigh</em> Capt. -of the Queens Guard Rere-Admiral.</p> - -<p><em>Porto Rico</em>, taken by the Earl of <em>Cumberland</em>.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_183"></a>[183]</span></p> - -<p class="p1 center">1599.</p> - -<p>The Grand <em>Canary</em> taken by the <em>Dutch</em> Commander -<em>Vanderdoes</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1600.</p> - -<p>[p. 243.] The Colonies in <em>Virginia</em> supplyed by publick -purse.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1602.</p> - -<p>Queen <em>Elizabeth</em> dyed <em>March</em> the Four and twentieth.</p> - -<p>King <em>James</em> began to Raign.</p> - -<p>The North parts of <em>Virginia</em>, i. e. <em>New-England</em> further -discovered by Capt. <em>Bartholomew Gosnold</em>, some will -have him to be the first discoverer.</p> - -<p>Capt. <em>George Weymouth’s</em> voyage to discover the North-west -passage.</p> - -<p>Divers of our <em>English</em> in the North of <em>England</em> entered -into a Covenant of worshipping of God.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1603.</p> - -<p>King <em>James</em> came into <em>England</em>, the fifth of <em>April</em>.</p> - -<p>Monsieur <em>Champlains</em> voyage to <em>Canada</em>.</p> - -<p><em>November</em> the seventeenth Sir <em>Walter Rawleigh</em> Arraigned -and Condemned.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1604.</p> - -<p>Monsieur <em>du Point</em> and <em>du Monts</em> voyage to <em>Canada</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1605.</p> - -<p>Monsieur <em>du Point</em> and <em>du Monts</em> remove the <em>French</em> -habitation to <em>Port-Royal</em>.</p> - -<p><em>James Halle’s</em> voyage to <em>Groenland</em>, and to find out the -North-west passage.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1606.</p> - -<p>[p. 244.] The province of <em>Main</em> possessed by the <em>English</em> -by publick Authority King <em>James</em>, Sir <em>John Popham</em>, -&c.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_184"></a>[184]</span></p> - -<p>A Colony first sent to <em>New-England</em> by Sir <em>John Popham</em> -chief Justice of the Common pleas.</p> - -<p><em>James-town</em> founded in <em>Virginia</em>.</p> - -<p><em>James Halls</em> second voyage, to find out the North-west -passage.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>John Knight</em> his North-west voyage, lost his ship -sunk by the Ice.</p> - -<p>A Colony sent to <em>Virginia</em>, called by the <em>Indians Wingandacoa</em>, -the first that took firm possession there.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1607.</p> - -<p><em>Plimouth</em> Plantation in <em>New-England</em> attempted.</p> - -<p>St. <em>Georges</em> Fort built at the mouth of the River <em>Sagadahoc</em>, -under the Presidency of Capt. <em>George Popham</em> and -Capt. <em>Ralph Gilbert</em>, who built the Fort.</p> - -<p><em>James Halls</em> third voyage to find out the North-west -passage.</p> - -<p><em>Hudsons</em> first voyage to find out the North-west passage.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1608.</p> - -<p><em>Virginia</em> planted.</p> - -<p>A Colony sent to <em>New-found-land</em>.</p> - -<p>[p. 245.] Capt. <em>John Smith</em> fished now for <em>Whales</em> at -<em>Monhiggen</em>.</p> - -<p><em>Hudsons</em> second voyage to the North-west met a <em>Mermaid</em> -in the Sea. That there be such Creatures see <em>Plinie</em>, -<em>Albertus Magnus</em>, <em>Aristotle</em>, <em>Elian</em>, <em>Theodorus Gaza</em>, <em>Alexander</em> -of <em>Alexandria</em>, <em>Gorgius Trapozensus</em>, <em>Jul. Scaliger</em>, -<em>Stows Annals in</em> Anno Dom. 1204. at <em>Oreford</em> in -<em>Suffolk</em> a <em>Mareman</em> taken.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1609.</p> - -<p>Sir <em>Thomas Gales</em> and Sir <em>George Summers</em> going to -<em>Virginia</em>, suffered shipwrack upon the <em>Bermudos-Islands</em> -where they continued till 1610.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_185"></a>[185]</span></p> - -<p><em>Hudsons</em> third voyage to <em>New-found-land</em> discovered -<em>Mohegan</em>-River in <em>New-England</em>.</p> - -<p>The <em>Dutch</em> set down by <em>Mohegan</em>-River.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1610.</p> - -<p>Capt <em>Whitburns</em> voyage to discover the North-west passage, -saw a <em>Mermaid</em> in the harbour of St. <em>Johns</em> at <em>New-found-land</em> -by the River side.</p> - -<p><em>Hudsons</em> last and fatal voyage to discover the North-west -passage, where he was frozen to death.</p> - -<p><em>Dales-gift</em> founded in <em>Virginia</em>.</p> - -<p>Sundry of the <em>English</em> nation removed out of the North -of <em>England</em> into the <em>Netherlands</em>, and gathered a Church -at <em>Leyden</em>, where they continued until the year 1620.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1611.</p> - -<p>[p. 246.] Sir <em>Thomas Dale</em> Governour of <em>Virginia</em>.</p> - -<p>The famous Arch-Pirate <em>Peter Easton</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1612.</p> - -<p><em>Bermudus</em> first planted, and Mr. <em>R. Moore</em> sent over -Governour, the first that planted a Colony in the <em>Bermudus</em>.</p> - -<p><em>James Halls</em> fourth voyage to discover the North-west -passage, was slain by the Savages.</p> - -<p>Capt. <em>Buttons</em> voyage to discover the North-west passage.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1613.</p> - -<p><em>Port-Royal</em> destroyed by Sir <em>Samuel Argol</em> Governour -of <em>Virginia</em>.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>John Rolf</em> a Gentleman of good behaviour fell in -love with <em>Pocahontas</em>, the only Daughter of <em>Powhaton</em> a -King in <em>Virginia</em> and married her, she was Christened -and called the Lady <em>Rebecca</em>, and dyed at <em>Gravesend</em> <em>Anno -Dom.</em> 1617. Sir <em>Lewis Stukely</em> brought up her Son -<em>Thomas Rolf</em>.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_186"></a>[186]</span></p> - -<p class="p1 center">1614.</p> - -<p><em>Bermudus</em> planted further.</p> - -<p><em>Powhatons</em> Daughter in <em>Virginia</em> Christened <em>Rebecca</em>.</p> - -<p>Capt. <em>Gibbins</em> voyage to find out the North-west passage.</p> - -<p><em>New-Netherlands</em> began to be planted [p. 247.] upon -<em>Mohegan</em>-River, Sir <em>Samuel Argol</em> routed them.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1615.</p> - -<p>Sir <em>Richard Hawkins</em> voyage into those parts of <em>New-England</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1616.</p> - -<p>Capt. <em>Gibbins</em> second voyage to find out the North-west -passage.</p> - -<p>A new supply sent by Capt. <em>Daniel Tucker</em> to the <em>Bermudus</em>.</p> - -<p><em>Pocahontas</em> and Mr. <em>Rolf</em> her Husband went for <em>England</em> -with Sir <em>Thomas Dale</em>, and arrived at <em>Plimouth</em> the -12 of <em>June</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1617.</p> - -<p>Sir <em>Walter Rawleighs</em> last and unfortunate voyage to -<em>Guiana</em>, where he took St. <em>Thome</em> the only Town of <em>Guiana</em> -possessed by the <em>Spaniards</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1618.</p> - -<p>The Comet or blazing-star whose motion was by some -observed to be from East to West.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1619.</p> - -<p>Sir <em>Walter Rawleigh</em> beheaded in the Parliament yard.</p> - -<p><em>Bermudus-Islands</em> divided into Tribes and Cantreds, to -each tribe a Burrough.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1620.</p> - -<p>The <em>English</em> in <em>Virginia</em> divided into several Burroughs.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_187"></a>[187]</span></p> - -<p class="p1 center">1620.</p> - -<p>[p. 248.] Letters Patents obtained from King <em>James</em> -for the Northern part of <em>Virginia</em> i. e. <em>New-England</em>.</p> - -<p>In <em>July</em> sundry of the <em>English</em> set sail from <em>Holland</em> for -<em>Southampton</em>.</p> - -<p><em>August</em> the fift, they set sail from <em>Southampton</em> for <em>America</em>, -and arrived the Eleventh of <em>November</em> at <em>Cape-Cod</em>, -where they entered into a body politick, and chose one -Mr. <em>John Carver</em> their Governour, calling the place where -they settled <em>New-Plimouth</em>: in <em>January</em> and <em>February</em> following -was a mortality among the <em>English</em>, which swept -away half the Company.</p> - -<p>Mrs. <em>Susanna White</em> delivered of a Son at <em>new-Plimouth</em>, -Christened <em>Peregrine</em>; he was the first of the <em>English</em> -that was born in <em>new-England</em>, and was afterwards the -Lieutenant of the Military Company of <em>Marshfield</em> in -<em>Plimouth</em> Colony.</p> - -<p><em>New-Plimouth</em> built, the first Town in <em>new-England</em>.</p> - -<p><em>Squanto</em> an <em>Indian</em> in <em>new-England</em>, carried into <em>England</em> -by Mr. <em>Hunt</em> a Master of a Ship, but brought home -again by Mr. <em>Dormer</em> a Gentleman imployed by Sir <em>Ferdinando -Gorges</em> for discovery.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1621.</p> - -<p>[p. 249.] <em>April</em>, Mr. <em>John Carver</em> Governour of <em>new-Plimouth</em> -dyed, and Mr. <em>William Brandford</em> was chosen -Governour.</p> - -<p>The Natives in <em>Virginia</em> murdered about 340 <em>English</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1622.</p> - -<p>The Fort at <em>new-Plimouth</em> built: a great drought this -Summer, from <em>May</em> the Third, till the middle of <em>July</em> -there was no Rain.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_188"></a>[188]</span></p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Thomas Weston</em> Merchant sent over 67 lusty men -who settled themselves in a part of the <em>Massachusets-bay</em>, -now called <em>Weymouth</em>.</p> - -<p>The order of the Knights of <em>Novascotia</em> ordained by -King <em>James</em> Hereditarie, they wear an <em>Orange</em> tawny -Ribbin.</p> - -<p>Sir <em>Ferdinando Gorges</em> Patent for the province of <em>Main</em> -in <em>New-England</em>.</p> - -<p>The <em>Dutch</em> tortured the <em>English</em> at <em>Amboina</em>, 1623.</p> - -<p><em>Westons</em> plantation wholly ruined by their disorders.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Robert Gorge</em>, Sir <em>Ferdinando Gorges</em> Brother arrived -in <em>Plimouth</em>, and began a Plantation of the <em>Massachusets-bay</em>, -having Commission from the Council of -<em>New-England</em> to be general Governour of the Countrey, -carrying over one Mr. <em>Morrel</em> a Minister, [p. 250.] but -being discouraged, he returned for <em>England</em>.</p> - -<p>A fire at <em>Plimouth</em>, which did considerable dammage, -several of the Inhabitants through discontent and casualties -removed into <em>Virginia</em>.</p> - -<p>Three thousand <em>English</em> now upon the <em>Bermudus</em> ten -Forts, and in those ten Forts 50 pieces of Ordnance.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1624.</p> - -<p>The number of Magistrates increased to five now at -<em>New-Plimouth</em>.</p> - -<p>The first neat Cattle carried over into <em>New-England</em> to -<em>New-Plimouth</em> was three Heifers and a Bull.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1625.</p> - -<p>St. <em>Christophers-Island</em> planted now by the <em>English</em> 25 -leagues in compass, a great many little Rivers, in 17 degrees -and 25 minutes.</p> - -<p>King <em>James</em> dyed in 1625, and King <em>Charles</em> the first -began his Raign <em>March</em> the seven and twentieth.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_189"></a>[189]</span></p> - -<p class="p1 center">1627.</p> - -<p>The first distribution of Lands amongst the Inhabitants -of <em>New-Plimouth</em>.</p> - -<p>A Colony of <em>English</em> planted upon the Island of <em>Barbados</em>, -which in a short time increased to 20000, besides -<em>Negroes</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1628.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>John Endicot</em> arrived in <em>New-England</em> [p. 251.] -with some number of people, and set down first by <em>Cape-Ann</em>, -at a place called afterwards <em>Gloster</em>, but their abiding -place was at <em>Salem</em>, where they built the first Town in -the <em>Massachusets</em> Patent.</p> - -<p>The <em>Indians</em> at the <em>Massachusets</em>, were at that time by -sickness decreased from 30000 to 300.</p> - -<p><em>Nevis</em> or <em>Mevis</em> planted now by the <em>English</em> 3 or 4000 -upon it.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Morton</em> of <em>Merrimount</em> taken prisoner by the <em>Massachusets</em>, -and sent into <em>England</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1629.</p> - -<p>Three ships arrived at <em>Salem</em> bringing a great number -of passengers from <em>England</em>; infectious diseases amongst -them.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Endicot</em> chosen Governour.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Higginson</em>, Mr. <em>Skelton</em> and Mr. <em>Bright</em> Ministers -arrived, upon the fift of <em>August</em> was the first Church in -the <em>Massachusets</em> Colony gathered at <em>Salem</em>, from which -year to this present year is 45 years, in the compass of -these years in this Colony, there hath been gathered forty -Churches, and 120 Towns built in all the Colonies of -<em>New-England</em>.</p> - -<p>The Church of <em>new-Plimouth</em>, was planted in <em>New-England</em> -eight years before others.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_190"></a>[190]</span></p> - -<p>The book of Common-prayer pleaded [p. 252.] for, and -practised in <em>Massachusets</em> Colony by two of the Patentees, -but was at last prohibited by the Authority there.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1630.</p> - -<p>The Tenth of <em>July</em>, <em>John Winthorp</em> Esq; and the Assistants -arrived in <em>New-England</em>, with the Patent for the -<em>Massachusets</em>, they landed on the North-side of <em>Charles</em> -River, with him went over Mr. <em>Thomas Dudley</em>, Mr. <em>Isaac -Johnson</em>, Esquires; Mr. <em>John Wilson</em>, Mr. <em>George Philips</em>, -Mr. <em>Maverich</em> (the Father of Mr. <em>Samuel Maverich</em>, one -of his Majesties Commissioners) Mr. <em>Wareham</em> Ministers.</p> - -<p>The passage of the people in the Eagle, and nine other -Vessels to <em>New-England</em> came to 9500 pounds. The -Swine, Goats, Sheep, Neat and Horses cost to transport -12000 pounds, besides the price they cost. The <em>Eagle</em> -was called the <em>Arabella</em> in honour of the Lady <em>Arabella</em>, -wife to <em>Isaac Johnson</em> Esq; they set down first upon <em>Noddles-Island</em>, -the Lady <em>Arabella</em> abode at <em>Salem</em>.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Isaac Johnson</em> a Magistrate of the <em>Massachusets</em>, -and his Lady dyed soon after their arrival.</p> - -<p><em>John Winthorp</em> Esq; chosen Governour, for the remainder -of the year, Mr. <em>Thomas Dudley</em> deputy Governour, -Mr. <em>Simon Broadstreet</em> Secretary.</p> - -<p>[p. 253.] <em>Charles-town</em>, the first town built.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Higginson</em> Teacher of <em>Salem</em> Church dyed.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1630.</p> - -<p>A very sharp winter in <em>New-England</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1631.</p> - -<p>Capt. <em>John Smith</em> Governour of <em>Virginia</em>, and Admiral -of <em>New-England</em> now dyed in <em>London</em>.</p> - -<p><em>John Winthorp</em> Esq; chosen Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em>. -Mr. <em>Thomas Dudley</em> Deputy Governour.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_191"></a>[191]</span></p> - -<p>Sir <em>Richard Saltingstall</em> went for <em>New-England</em>, set -down at <em>Water-town</em>.</p> - -<p>Five Churches gathered this year, the first at <em>Boston</em> -Mr. <em>John Wilson</em> Pastor, the second at <em>Water-town</em>, by Mr. -<em>Philips</em>, the third at <em>Dorchester</em> by Mr. <em>Maverick</em> and Mr. -<em>Wareham</em>, the fourth at <em>Roxbury</em> by Mr. <em>Eliot</em>, the fifth -at <em>Linn</em> by Mr. <em>Stephen Batcheler</em> their first Teacher.</p> - -<p>Dr. <em>Wilson</em> gave 1000 pound to <em>New-England</em>, with -which they stored themselves with great Guns.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1632.</p> - -<p><em>John Winthorp</em> chosen Governour, Mr. <em>Thomas Dudley</em> -Deputy Governour.</p> - -<p>Sir <em>Christopher Gardiner</em> descended of the house of -<em>Gardiner</em> Bishop of <em>Winchester</em>, Knighted at <em>Jerusalem</em> of -the Sepulcher, [p. 254.] arrived in <em>New-England</em> with a -comely young woman his Concubine, settled himself in -the Bay of <em>Massachusets</em>, was rigidly used by the Magistrates, -and by the Magistrates of <em>New-Plimouth</em> to which -place he retired.</p> - -<p>A terrible cold winter in <em>New-England</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1633.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Edward Winslow</em> chosen Governour of <em>New-Plimouth</em>.</p> - -<p>The number of Magistrates at <em>New-Plimouth</em> increase -to seven.</p> - -<p>An infectious feaver amongst the Inhabitants of <em>New-Plimouth</em>, -whereof many dyed.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>John Winthorp</em> chosen Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> -Colony, Mr. <em>Thomas Dudley</em> Deputy Governour.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Thomas Hooker</em>, <em>Mr. Hains</em> and Mr. <em>Cotton</em> Ministers -arrived in <em>New-England</em> all in one ship, and Mr.<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_192"></a>[192]</span> -<em>Stone</em> and Mr. <em>William Collier</em> a liberal Benefactor to the -Colony of <em>New-Plimouth</em>.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>John Cotton</em> chosen Teacher of the first Church at -<em>Boston</em>.</p> - -<p>A Church at <em>Cambridge</em> gathered by Mr. <em>Thomas -Hooker</em> their first Pastor.</p> - -<p>Great swarms of strange flyes up and down the Countrey, -which was a presage of the following mortality.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1634.</p> - -<p>[p. 255.] Mr. <em>Thomas Prince</em> chosen Governour of <em>New-Plimouth</em>.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Thomas Dudley</em> chosen Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> -Colony, and Mr. <em>Roger Ludlow</em> Deputy-Governour.</p> - -<p>The Countrey now was really placed in a posture of -War, to be in readiness at all times.</p> - -<p>In the Spring a great sickness among the <em>Indians</em>, by -the small pox.</p> - -<p>The <em>Pequets</em> War with the <em>Narragansets</em>.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Skelton</em> Pastor to the Church at <em>Salem</em> dyed.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>John Norton</em>, and Mr. <em>Thomas Shepherd</em> arrive in -<em>New-England</em>.</p> - -<p>A Church gathered at <em>Ipswich</em>, the first Pastor Mr. <em>Nathaniel -Ward</em>.</p> - -<p>A Church gathered at <em>Newberry</em>.</p> - -<p>Capt. <em>Stone</em> turn’d Pirate, at the <em>Dutch</em> plantation.</p> - -<p>The cruel Massacre of Capt. <em>Stone</em> and Capt. <em>Norton</em> at -<em>Connecticut-River</em>, by the Pequet <em>Indians</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1635.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>John Haines</em> chosen Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> -Colony, Mr. <em>Richard Bellingham</em> Deputy Governour.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_193"></a>[193]</span></p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Zachary Sims</em> arrived in <em>New-England</em>, and Mr. -<em>Richard Bellingham</em>.</p> - -<p>[p. 256.] This year Eleven Ministers arrived in <em>New-England</em>.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Norton</em> Teacher at <em>Ipswich</em>, Mr. <em>Richard Mather</em> -Teacher at <em>Dorchester</em>.</p> - -<p>Sir <em>Henry Vain</em> Junior, arrived in <em>New-England</em>, Mr. -<em>Richard Saltingstal</em>, Sir <em>Richard Saltingstal’s</em> Son, Mr. -<em>Roger Harlackenden</em>, and <em>Hugh Peters</em>.</p> - -<p><em>Hugh Peters</em> chosen Pastor of <em>Salem</em>.</p> - -<p>A Church at <em>Hartford</em> in the Colony of <em>Connecticut</em> -now gathered.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>William Bradford</em> chosen Governour of <em>New-Plimouth</em>.</p> - -<p>Capt. <em>William Gorges</em>, Sir <em>Ferdinando Gorges</em> Nephew -sent over Governour of the province of <em>Main</em>, then called -new <em>Sommersetshire</em>.</p> - -<p>Saturday the 15 of <em>August</em>, an Hurrican or mighty -storm of wind and rain, which did much hurt in <em>New-England</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1636.</p> - -<p>Sir <em>Henry Vane</em> Junior, Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> -Colony, <em>John Winthorp</em> Esq; Deputy Governour, -Mr. <em>Roger Harlackenden</em> leader of their military Forces.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Edward Winslow</em> a <em>Worcestershire</em> man born, -chosen Governour of <em>new-Plimouth</em> Colony.</p> - -<p><em>Connecticut</em> Colony planted.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>John Oldham</em> murthered in his Barque by the <em>Indians</em> -of <em>Block-Island</em>.</p> - -<p>[p. 257.] A Church gathered at <em>Hingham</em>, Mr. <em>Peter -Hubbord</em> arrived now in <em>New-England</em> Teacher at <em>Hingham</em>.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_194"></a>[194]</span></p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Flint</em>, Mr. <em>Carter</em>, Mr. <em>Walton</em>, Ministers arrived -now in <em>New-England</em>.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Fenwich</em>, Mr. <em>Partrick</em>, Mr. <em>Nathaniel Rogers</em>, and -Mr. <em>Samuel White</em>, arrived now in <em>New-England</em>.</p> - -<p>A General Court held at <em>Boston</em> against Mrs. <em>Hutchinson</em> -the <em>American</em> Jezabel, <em>August</em> the 30. where the opinions -and errors of Mrs. <em>Hutchinson</em> and her Associats 80 -errors were condemned.</p> - -<p>A Counsel at <em>New-town</em> about the same business <em>October</em> -the second, and at <em>Boston</em> again.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1637.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>William Bradford</em> chosen Governour of <em>New-Plimouth</em> -Colony.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>John Wenthorp</em> chosen Governour of <em>Massachusets</em> -Colony, Mr. <em>Thomas Dudley</em> chosen Deputy Governour.</p> - -<p><em>New-haven</em> Colony began now, Mr. <em>Eaton</em> chosen Governour, -<em>John Davenport</em> Pastor.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Hopkins</em> arrived now in <em>New-England</em>.</p> - -<p>A second Church gathered at <em>Dedham</em>, Mr. <em>John Allen</em> -Pastor.</p> - -<p>The Pequets wars, in which war the <em>English</em> slew and -took prisoners about 700 <em>Indians</em>, [p. 258.] amongst which -13 of their <em>Sachems</em> to the great terror of the Natives, -they sent the male children of the <em>Pequets</em> to the <em>Bermudus</em>.</p> - -<p>This year the <em>Antinomian</em> and <em>Familistical</em> errors were -broached in the Countrey, especially at <em>Boston</em>.</p> - -<p>A Synod called, which condemned these errors.</p> - -<p>A General Court held at <em>New-town</em> against Mrs. <em>Hutchinson</em> -and the rest.</p> - -<p>Mrs. <em>Hutchinson</em> and others banished by the Magistrates -of the <em>Massachusets</em> Colony.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_195"></a>[195]</span></p> - -<p>A hideous monster born at <em>Boston</em> of one Mrs. <em>Mary -Dyer</em>.</p> - -<p>Sir <em>Henry Vane</em> and the Lord <em>Lee</em> returned for <em>England</em>.</p> - -<p>The Ministers that went for <em>New-England</em> chiefly in -the ten first years, ninety four, of which returned for <em>England</em> -twenty seven, dyed in the Countrey thirty six, yet -alive in the Countrey thirty one.</p> - -<p>The number of ships that transported passengers to -<em>New-England</em>, in these times was 298 supposed: men, -women and children as near as can be ghessed 21200.</p> - -<p>The <em>Spaniards</em> took the Island of <em>Providence</em>, one of -the Summer-Islands from the English.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1638.</p> - -<p>[p. 259.] Mr. <em>Thomas Prince</em> chosen Governour of <em>new -Plimouth</em> Colony.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>John Winthorp</em> chosen Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> -Colony, Mr. <em>Thomas Dudley</em> Deputy Governour.</p> - -<p>A Church now gathered at <em>Waymouth</em>, Mr. <em>Gennor</em> -Pastor, Mr. <em>Newman</em> succeeded Mr. <em>Thomas Thatcher</em>.</p> - -<p>Three <em>English</em> men put to death at <em>Plimouth</em> for robbing -and murthering an <em>Indian</em> near <em>Providence</em>.</p> - -<p><em>June</em> the second a great and terrible earthquake -throughout the Countrey.</p> - -<p><em>Samuel Gorton</em> of <em>Warwick-shire</em>, a pestilent seducer, -and blasphemous Atheist, the Author of the Sects of <em>Gortinians</em>, -banish’d <em>Plimouth</em> plantation, whipt and banished -from Road-Island, banisht the <em>Massachusets</em> Colony.</p> - -<p>Now they set up a Printing-press at <em>Boston</em> in the <em>Massachusets</em>.</p> - -<p>This year came over Mr. <em>William Thompson</em>, Mr. <em>Edmund -Brown</em>, Mr. <em>David Frisk</em>.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_196"></a>[196]</span></p> - -<p>Mr. <em>John Harvard</em> the founder of <em>Harvard</em> Colledge -at <em>Cambridge</em> in the <em>Massachusets</em> Colony, deceased, gave -700 pound to the erecting of it.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1639.</p> - -<p>[p. 260.] Mr. <em>William Bradford</em> chosen Governour of -<em>new-Plimouth</em> Colony.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>John Winthorp</em> chosen Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> -Colony, Mr. <em>Thomas Dudley</em> Deputy Governour.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Higginson</em> Teacher at <em>Salem</em> Church, <em>Skelton</em> pastor, -and an exhorting Elder. This was the first Church -gathered in the <em>Massachusets</em> Colony, and it increased to -43 Churches in joynt Communion with one another, and -in these Churches were about 7750 souls.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Herbert Pelham</em> now arrived in <em>New-England</em>.</p> - -<p>A Church gathered at <em>Hampton</em>, Mr. <em>Daulton</em> pastor, -and Mr. <em>Batcheler</em> Teacher.</p> - -<p>Another Church gathered at <em>Salisbury</em>.</p> - -<p><em>October</em> the Eleventh and Twelfth, the <em>Spanish</em> Navy -was set upon by the <em>Hollander</em> in the <em>Downs</em>, they were -in all 60 sail, the <em>Spaniards</em> were beaten.</p> - -<p>A very sharp winter in <em>New-England</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1640.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>William Bradford</em> chosen Governour of <em>new-Plimouth</em> -Colony.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Thomas Dudley</em> chosen Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> -Colony, and Mr. <em>Richard Bellingham</em> Deputy -Governour.</p> - -<p>[p. 261.] Civil Wars began in <em>England</em>.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Huet</em> Minister arrived in <em>New-England</em>, Mr. <em>Peck</em> -and Mr. <em>Saxton</em>.</p> - -<p>A Church gathered at <em>Braintree</em>, Mr. <em>Wheelright</em> pastor.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_197"></a>[197]</span></p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Henry Dunster</em> arrived in <em>New-England</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1641.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>William Bradford</em> chosen Governour of <em>new-Plimouth</em> -Colony.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Richard Bellingham</em> chosen Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> -Colony, Mr. <em>John Endicot</em> Deputy.</p> - -<p>A Church gathered at <em>Glocester</em> in the <em>Massachusets</em> -Colony.</p> - -<p>A sharp winter in <em>New-England</em>, the harbours and salt -bayes frozen over so as passable for Men, Horses, Oxen -and Carts five weeks.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1642.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>William Bradford</em> chosen Governour of <em>new-Plimouth</em> -Colony.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>John Winthorp</em> chosen Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> -Colony, <em>John Endicot</em> Esq; Deputy Governour.</p> - -<p>This Spring Cowes and Cattle fell from 22 pound a -Cow, to six, seven and eight pound a Cow of a sudden.</p> - -<p>A Church now gathered at <em>Woeburn</em> in the <em>Massachusets</em> -Colony.</p> - -<p>[p. 262.] Thirteen able Ministers now at this time in -<em>new-Plimouth</em> Jurisdiction.</p> - -<p><em>Harvard</em>-Colledge founded with a publick Library.</p> - -<p>Ministers bred in <em>New-England</em>, and (excepting about -10) in <em>Harvard</em>-Colledge, one hundred thirty two; of which -dyed in the Countrey Ten, now living eighty one, removed -to <em>England</em> forty one. <em>June</em> <em>Warwick</em> Parliament Admiral.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1643.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>William Bradford</em> chosen Governour of the <em>new-Plimouth</em> -Colony.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_198"></a>[198]</span></p> - -<p>Mr. <em>John Winthorp</em> chosen Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> -Colony, Mr. <em>John Endicot</em> Deputy Governour.</p> - -<p><em>May</em> 19. the first Combination of the four united Colonies, -<em>viz.</em> <em>Plimouth</em>, <em>Massachusets</em>, <em>Connecticut</em>, and <em>new-haven</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1644.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Edward Winslow</em> chosen Governour of <em>new-Plimouth</em> -Colony.</p> - -<p><em>John Endicot</em> Esq; chosen Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> -Colony, <em>John Winthorp</em> Esq; Deputy Governour.</p> - -<p>A Church gathered at <em>Haveril</em>. Mr. <em>Roger Harlackendin</em> -dyed about this time.</p> - -<p>A Church gathered at <em>Reading</em> in <em>New-England</em>.</p> - -<p>A Church gathered at <em>Wenham</em>, both in the <em>Massachusets</em> -Colony.</p> - -<p>[p. 263.] The Town of <em>Eastham</em> erected now by some -in <em>Plimouth</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1645.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>William Bradford</em> chosen Governour of <em>new-Plimouth</em> -Colony.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Thomas Dudley</em> chosen Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> -Colony, and Mr. <em>John Winthorp</em> Deputy Governour, -Mr. <em>John Endicot</em> major General.</p> - -<p>A Church gathered at <em>Springfield</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1646.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>William Bradford</em> chosen Governour of <em>new-Plimouth</em> -Colony.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>John Winthorp</em> chosen Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em>, -Mr. <em>Thomas Dudley</em> Deputy and Mr. <em>John Endicot</em> -major General.</p> - -<p>Two Suns appeared towards the latter end of the year.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_199"></a>[199]</span></p> - -<p>This year they drew up a body of Laws for the well -ordering of their Commonwealth (as they termed it) -printed in 1648.</p> - -<p>Three men of War arrived in <em>new-Plimouth</em> harbour -under the Command of Capt. <em>Thomas Cromwell</em>, richly -laden, a mutiny amongst the Sea-men, whereby one man -was killed.</p> - -<p>The second Synod at <em>Cambridge</em> touching the duty and -power of magistrates in matters of Religion.</p> - -<p>[p. 264.] Secondly, the nature and power of Synods.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>John Eliot</em> first preached to the <em>Indians</em> in their -Native language, the principal Instruments of converting -the <em>Indians</em>, Mr. <em>John Eliot</em> Senior, Mr. <em>John Eliot</em> Junior, -Mr. <em>Thomas Mayhew</em>, Mr. <em>Pierson</em>, Mr. <em>Brown</em>, Mr. -<em>James</em>, and Mr. <em>Cotton</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1647.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>William Bradford</em> chosen Governour of <em>new-Plimouth</em> -Colony.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>John Winthorp</em> chosen Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> -Colony, Mr. <em>Thomas Dudley</em> Deputy Governour, -and Mr. <em>John Endicot</em> Major General.</p> - -<p>Now Mr. <em>Thomas Hooker</em> pastor of the Church at <em>Hertford</em> -dyed.</p> - -<p>The <em>Tartars</em> over-run <em>China</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1648.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>William Bradford</em> chosen Governour of <em>new-Plimouth</em> -Colony.</p> - -<p><em>John Winthorp</em> chosen Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> -colony, Mr. <em>Thomas Dudley</em> Deputy Governour, Mr. <em>John -Endicot</em> major General.</p> - -<p>A Church gathered at <em>Andover</em>.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_200"></a>[200]</span></p> - -<p>A Church gathered at <em>Malden</em> Mr. <em>Sarjant</em> pastor.</p> - -<p>A second Church gathered at <em>Boston</em>.</p> - -<p>A third Synod at <em>Cambridge</em> publishing the platform of -Discipline.</p> - -<p>[p. 265.] <em>Jan.</em> 30. King <em>Charles</em> the first murdered.</p> - -<p><em>Charles</em> the Second began his Raign.</p> - -<p>Their Laws in the <em>Massachusets</em> colony printed.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1649.</p> - -<p><em>John Winthorp</em> Esq; Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> -colony <em>March</em> the 26 deceased.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>William Bradford</em> chosen Governour of <em>new-Plimouth</em>.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>John Endicot</em> chosen Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> -colony.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Thomas Dudley</em> Deputy Governour, Mr. <em>Gibbons</em> -major General.</p> - -<p>An innumerable Company of <em>Caterpillars</em> in some parts -of <em>New-England</em> destroyed the fruits of the Earth.</p> - -<p><em>August</em> the 25 Mr. <em>Thomas Shepherd</em> Pastor of <em>Cambridge</em> -Church dyed.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Phillips</em> also dyed this year.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1650.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>William Bradford</em> chosen Governour of <em>new-Plimouth</em> -colony.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Thomas Dudley</em> chosen Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> -colony, Mr. <em>John Endicot</em> Deputy Governour, Mr. -<em>Gibbons</em> major General.</p> - -<p>A great mortality amongst children this year in <em>New-England</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1651.</p> - -<p>[p. 266.] Mr. <em>William Bradford</em> chosen Governour of -<em>new-Plimouth</em> colony.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_201"></a>[201]</span></p> - -<p>Mr. <em>John Endicot</em> chosen Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> -colony, Mr. <em>Thomas Dudley</em> Deputy Governour, Mr. -<em>Gibbons</em> major General.</p> - -<p>The City <em>Bilbo</em> totally cover’d with waters for 15 days, -16 foot above the tops of the highest houses, the loss was -very much to the whole Kingdom, there being their stock -of dryed fish and dryed Goat the general dyet of <em>Spain</em>.</p> - -<p><em>Barbados</em> surrendred to the Parliament, its longitude -322, latitude 13 degrees, 17 or 18 miles in compass.</p> - -<p><em>Hugh Peters</em> and Mr. <em>Wells</em>, and <em>John Baker</em> returned -into <em>England</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1652.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>William Bradford</em> chosen Governour of <em>new-Plimouth</em> -colony.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>John Endicot</em> chosen Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> -colony, Mr. <em>Thomas Dudley</em> Deputy Governour, Mr. -<em>Gibbons</em> major General.</p> - -<p><em>John Cotton</em> Teacher of <em>Boston</em> Church dyed, a Comet -was seen at the time of his sickness hanging over <em>New -England</em>, which went out soon after his death.</p> - -<p>[p. 267.] The Spirits that took Children in <em>England</em>, -said to be set awork first by the Parliament, and <em>Hugh -Peters</em> as chief Agent, Actor or Procurer.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1653.</p> - -<p><em>Oliver Cromwell</em> Usurped the Title of Protector <em>December</em> -the Sixteenth.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>William Bradford</em> chosen Governour of <em>new-Plimouth</em> -colony.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Thomas Dudley</em> chosen Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> -colony, Mr. <em>John Endicot</em> Deputy Governour, Mr. -<em>Gibbons</em> major General.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_202"></a>[202]</span></p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Thomas Dudley</em> Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> colony -dyed, aged about 77 years at his house at <em>Roxebury</em>, -<em>July</em> 31.</p> - -<p>A great fire at <em>Boston</em> in <em>New-England</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1654.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>William Bradford</em> chosen Governour of <em>new-Plimouth</em> -colony.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Bellingham</em> Governour, <em>Endicot</em> Deputy.</p> - -<p>Major General <em>Gibbons</em> dyed this year.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1655.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>William Bradford</em> chosen Governour of <em>new-Plimouth</em> -colony. Mr. <em>John Endicot</em> Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em>, -<em>Bellingham</em> Deputy.</p> - -<p><em>Jamaica</em> taken by the <em>English</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1656.</p> - -<p>[p. 268.] General <em>Mountague</em> taketh <em>Spanish</em> prizes.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>William Bradford</em> chosen Governour of <em>new-Plimouth</em> -colony, Mr. <em>John Endicot</em> Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em>, -Mr. <em>Francis Willowby</em> Deputy.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1657.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Thomas Prince</em> chosen Governour of <em>new-Plimouth</em> -colony.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>William Bradford</em> now dyed. Mr. <em>John Endicot</em> -Governour, <em>Bellingham</em> Deputy.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Theophilus Eaton</em> Governour of <em>New-haven</em> colony -dyed.</p> - -<p>Fifth monarchy-men rebell.</p> - -<p>The Quakers arrive at <em>new-Plimouth</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1658.</p> - -<p><em>Oliver Cromwell</em> dyed <em>September</em> the third.</p> - -<p><em>Richard Cromwell</em> set up.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_203"></a>[203]</span></p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Thomas Prince</em> chosen Governour of <em>new-Plimouth</em> -colony.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>John Endicot</em> chosen Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em>, -<em>Bellingham</em> Deputy.</p> - -<p>A great Earth-quake in <em>New-England</em>.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Ralph Partrick</em> minister at <em>Ruxbury</em> now deceased.</p> - -<p><em>John Philips</em> of <em>Marshfield</em> slain by thunder and lightning.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1659.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Thomas Prince</em> chosen Governour of <em>new-Plimouth</em> -colony.</p> - -<p>[p. 269.] Mr. <em>John Endicot</em> chosen Governour of the -<em>Massachusets</em> colony.</p> - -<p>The Quakers opinions vented up and down the Countrey.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Henry Dunster</em> first President of <em>Harvard</em> Colledge -deceased.</p> - -<p><em>Richard Cromwel</em> ended <em>May</em> the seventh.</p> - -<p>The Rump Parliament <em>December</em> the six and twentieth -put down.</p> - -<p><em>William Robinson</em>, <em>Marmaduke Stevenson</em>, and <em>Mary -Dyer</em> Quakers of <em>Rhod Island</em> sentenced to suffer death -by Mr. <em>John Endicot</em> Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> colony, -which accordingly was executed within a day or two, -the prisoners being guarded by Capt. <em>James Oliver</em> with -200 Souldiers to the place of Execution, where the two -men were hanged and the woman reprieved at the Gallows -and banished.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1660.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Thomas Prince</em> chosen Governour of <em>new-Plimouth</em> -colony.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_204"></a>[204]</span></p> - -<p><em>John Endicot</em> chosen Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> -colony, Mr. <em>Bellingham</em> Deputy.</p> - -<p><em>James Pierce</em> slain by lightning at <em>new-Plimouth</em>.</p> - -<p><em>May</em> the 29 King <em>Charles</em> the Second returned into -<em>England</em>.</p> - -<p><em>June</em> the 20 a damnable cheat like to have been put -upon <em>England</em> by a Brief for [p. 270.] <em>New-England</em>, -which as it appeared was produced before the King came -in, but not printed (by Mr. <em>Leach</em> in <em>Shoe-lane</em>) till <em>June</em>, -<a id="tn-204a"></a>pretending that 18 <em>Turks-men</em> of War the 24 of <em>January</em> -1659/60 landed at a Town, called <em>Kingsword</em> (alluding to -<em>Charles-town</em>) three miles from <em>Boston</em>, kill’d 40, took Mr. -<em>Sims</em> minister prisoner, wounded him, kill’d his wife and -three of his little children, carried him away with 57 -more, burnt the Town, carried them to <em>Argier</em>, their loss -amounting to 12000 pound, the <em>Turk</em> demanding 8000 -pound ransom to be paid within 7 moneths. Signed by -<em>Thomas Margets</em>, <em>Edward Calamy</em>, <em>William Jenkin</em>, <em>William -Vincent</em>, <em>George Wild</em>, <em>Joseph Caryl</em>, <em>John Menord</em>, -<em>William Cooper</em>, <em>Thomas Manton</em> Ministers.</p> - -<p><em>Hugh Peters</em> put to death the 16 of <em>October</em>.</p> - -<p><em>Thomas Venner</em> a Wine-Cooper hang’d drawn and -quartered <ins class="corr" id="tn-204" title="Transcriber’s Note—1674 text: 'Ian. 19.'"> -<em>Jan.</em> 19.</ins></p> - -<p class="p1 center">1661.</p> - -<p>The fifth Monarchy-men rise at <em>London</em>.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Thomas Prince</em> chosen Governour of <em>new-Plimouth</em> -colony.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>John Endicot</em> chosen Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> -colony, Mr. <em>Bellingham</em> Deputy.</p> - -<p>Major <em>Atherton</em> now dyed in <em>New-England</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1662.</p> - -<p>[p. 271.] Sir <em>Henry Vane</em> beheaded, <em>June the</em> 14.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_205"></a>[205]</span></p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Thomas Prince</em> chosen Governour of <em>new-Plimouth</em> -colony.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>John Endicot</em> chosen Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> -colony.</p> - -<p><em>January</em> 26 and the 28 Earthquakes in <em>New-England</em>, -6 or 7 times in the space of Three days.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1662/1663.</p> - -<p><em>John Baker</em> unduely called Capt. <em>Baker</em>, <a id="tn-205"></a>hang’d at Tiburn, -<em>December</em> the 11 of <em>February</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1663.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Thomas Prince</em> chosen Governour of <em>new-Plimouth</em> -colony.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>John Endicot</em> chosen Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> -colony.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Willowby</em> Deputy Governour and Mr. <em>Thomas -Leveret</em> major General.</p> - -<p><em>April</em> the fifth Mr. <em>John Norton</em> Teacher at the first -Church in <em>Boston</em> dyed suddenly.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Samuel Newman</em> Teacher at <em>Rehoboth</em> in <em>New-England</em> -now dyed.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Samuel Stone</em> Teacher of <em>Hartford</em> Church in -<em>New-England</em>, now dyed also.</p> - -<p>Several Earth-quakes this year in <em>New-England</em>.</p> - -<p>[p. 272.] <em>Charles Chancie</em> batchelor of Divinity and -President of <em>Harvard</em>-Colledge in <em>New-England</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1664.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Thomas Prince</em> chosen Governour of <em>new-Plimouth</em> -colony.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>John Endicot</em> chosen Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> -colony, Mr. <em>Francis Willowby</em> Deputy Governour, -Mr. <em>Thomas Leveret</em> Major General.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_206"></a>[206]</span></p> - -<p><em>May</em> the 20 the Kings Commissioners arrived in <em>New-England</em>, -<em>viz.</em> Sir <em>Robert Carr</em>, Colonel <em>Nicols</em>, Colonel -<em>Cartwright</em> and Mr. <em>Samuel Maverich</em>, with whom came -one Mr. <em>Archdale</em> as Agent for Mr. <em>Ferdinando Gorges</em>, -who brought to the Colony in the province of <em>Main</em>, Mr. -<em>F. Gorges</em> order from his Majesty <em>Charles</em> the Second, under -his manual, and his Majesties Letters to the <em>Massachusets</em> -concerning the same, to be restored unto the quiet -possession and enjoyment of the said province in <em>New-England</em>, -and the Government thereof, the which during -the civil Wars in <em>England</em> the <em>Massachusets</em> colony had -usurpt, and (by help of a <em>Jacobs</em> staff) most shamefully encroached -upon Mr. <em>Gorges</em> rights and priviledges.</p> - -<p>The 29 of <em>August</em>, the <em>Manadaes</em>, called <em>Novede Belgique</em>, -or New <em>Netherlands</em>, their chief Town New-<em>Amsterdam</em>, -now called [p. 273.] New-<em>Yorke</em>, Surrendered up -unto Sir <em>Robert Carr</em> and Colonel <em>Nichols</em> his Majesties -Commissioners; thirteen days after in <em>September</em> the Fort -and Town of <em>Arania</em> now called <em>Albany</em>; twelve days -after that, the Fort and Town of <em>Awsapha</em>; then <em>de la -Ware</em> Castle man’d with <em>Dutch</em> and <em>Sweeds</em>, the three first -Forts and Towns being built upon the River <em>Mohegan</em>, -otherwise called <em>Hudsons</em> River.</p> - -<p>The whole Bible Translated into the <em>Indian</em>-Tongue, -by Mr. <em>John Eliot</em> Senior, was now printed at <em>Cambridge</em> -in <em>New-England</em>.</p> - -<p><em>December</em> a great and dreadful Comet, or blazing-star -appeared in the South-east in <em>New-England</em> for the space -of three moneths, which was accompanied with many sad -effects, great mildews blasting in the Countrey the next -Summer.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_207"></a>[207]</span></p> - -<p class="p1 center">1665.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Thomas Prince</em> chosen Governour of <em>new-Plimouth</em> -colony.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>John Endicot</em> chosen Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> -colony, Mr. <em>Francis Willowby</em> Deputy Governour, -Mr. <em>Leveret</em> Major General.</p> - -<p>Two Comets or blazing-stars appeared in 4 moneths -time in <em>England</em>, <em>December</em> 1664. and in <em>March</em> following.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>John Endicot</em> Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> [p. -274.] colony deceased, <em>March</em> the three and twentieth.</p> - -<p>Capt. <em>Davenport</em> kill’d with lightning as he lay on his -bed at the Castle by <em>Boston</em> in <em>New-England</em>, and several -wounded.</p> - -<p>Wheat exceedingly blasted and mildewed in <em>New-England</em>.</p> - -<p>A thousand foot sent this year by the <em>French</em> King to -<em>Canada</em>.</p> - -<p>Colonel <em>Cartwright</em> in his voyage for <em>England</em> was -taken by the <em>Dutch</em>.</p> - -<p>The Isle of <em>Providence</em> taken by the <em>English</em> Buccaneers, -<em>Puerto Rico</em> taken and plundered by the <em>English</em> Buccaneers -and abandoned.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1666.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Thomas Prince</em> chosen Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> -colony.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Richard Bellingham</em> chosen Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> -colony, Mr. <em>Francis Willowby</em> Deputy Governour, -Mr. <em>Leveret</em> major General.</p> - -<p>St. <em>Christophers</em> taken by the <em>French</em>.</p> - -<p><em>July</em> the Lord <em>Willowby</em> of <em>Parham</em> cast away in a -<em>Hurricane</em> about the <em>Caribby-Islands</em>.</p> - -<p>The small pox at <em>Boston</em> in the <em>Massachusets</em> colony.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_208"></a>[208]</span></p> - -<p>Three kill’d in a moment by a blow of Thunder at -<em>Marshfield</em> in <em>New-Plimouth</em> [p. 275.] colony, and four at -<em>Pascataway</em> colony, and divers burnt with lightning, a -great whirlwind at the same time.</p> - -<p>This year also <em>New-England</em> had cast away and taken -Thirty one Vessels, and some in 1667.</p> - -<p>The mildews and blasting of Corn still continued.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1667.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Thomas Prince</em> chosen Governour of <em>New-Plimouth</em> -colony.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Richard Bellingham</em> chosen Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> -colony, Mr. <em>Fr. Willowby</em> Deputy Governour, -and Mr. <em>Leveret</em> major General.</p> - -<p>Sir <em>Robert Carr</em> dyed next day after his arrival at <em>Bristow</em> -in <em>England</em> <em>June</em> the first.</p> - -<p>Several vollies of shot heard discharged in the Air at -<em>Nantascot</em> two miles from <em>Boston</em> in the <em>Massachusets</em> colony.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>John Davenport</em> chosen pastor of the Independent -Church at <em>Boston</em>.</p> - -<p>In <em>March</em> there appeared a sign in the Heavens in the -form of a Spear, pointing directly to the <em>West</em>.</p> - -<p>Sir <em>John Harman</em> defeated the <em>French</em> Fleet at the -<em>Caribbes</em>.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>John Wilson</em> Pastor of <em>Boston</em> Church in the <em>Massachusets</em> -colony 37 years now [p. 276.] dyed, aged 79, he -was Pastor of that Church three years before Mr. <em>Cotton</em>, -twenty years with him, ten years with Mr. <em>Norton</em>, and -four years after him.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1668.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Thomas Prince</em> chosen Governour of <em>New-Plimouth</em> -colony.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_209"></a>[209]</span></p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Richard Bellingham</em> chosen Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> -colony, Mr. <em>Fr. Willowby</em> Deputy Governour, -and Mr. <em>Leveret</em> major General.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Samuel Shepherd</em> Pastor of <em>Rowley</em> Church dyed.</p> - -<p><em>April</em> the 27 Mr. <em>Henry Flint</em> Teacher at <em>Braintry</em> -dyed.</p> - -<p><em>July</em> the Ninth Mr. <em>Jonathan Mitchel</em> Pastor of the -Church at <em>Cambridge</em> dyed, he was born at <em>Halifax</em> in -<em>Yorkeshire</em> in <em>England</em>, and was brought up in <em>Harvard-Colledge</em> -at <em>Cambridge</em> in <em>New-England</em>.</p> - -<p><em>July</em> the Fifteenth, nine of the clock at night an Eclipse -of the moon, till after Eleven darkned nine digits and -thirty five minutes.</p> - -<p><em>July</em> the Seventeenth a great <em>Sperma Cæti</em> Whale Fifty -five foot long, thrown up at <em>Winter-harbour</em> by <em>Casco</em> in -the Province of <em>Main</em>.</p> - -<p><em>April</em> the Third, Fryday an Earthquake in <em>New-England</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1669.</p> - -<p>[p. 277.] Mr. <em>Thomas Prince</em> chosen Governour of <em>Plimouth</em> -colony.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Richard Bellingham</em> chosen Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> -colony, Mr. <em>Fr. Willowby</em> Deputy Governour, -Mr. <em>Leveret</em> major General.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Oxenbridge</em> chosen Pastor of the Independent -Church at <em>Boston</em>.</p> - -<p>The wonderful burning of the mountain <em>Ætna</em>, or <em>Gibella</em> -in <em>Cicilia</em> <em>March</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1670.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Thomas Prince</em> chosen Governour of <em>New-Plimouth</em> -colony.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_210"></a>[210]</span></p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Richard Bellingham</em> chosen Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> -colony, Mr. <em>Fr. Willowby</em> Deputy Governour, -Mr. <em>Leveret</em> major General.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Fr. Willowby</em> Deputy Governour now dyed.</p> - -<p>At a place called <em>Kenebunch</em>, which is in the Province -of <em>Main</em>, not far from the River-side, a piece of clay ground -was thrown up by a mineral vapour (as was supposed) over -the tops of high oaks that grew between it and the River, -into the River, stopping the course thereof, and leaving a -hole Forty yards square, wherein [p. 278.] were Thousands -of clay bullets as big as musquet bullets, and pieces of -clay in shape like the barrel of a musquet. The like -accident fell out at <em>Casco</em>, One and twenty miles from it -to the Eastward, much about the same time; And fish in -some ponds in the Countrey thrown up dead upon the -banks, supposed likewise to be kill’d with mineral vapours.</p> - -<p>A wonderful number of Herrins cast up on shore at -high water in <em>Black-point-Harbour</em> in the province of -<em>Main</em>, so that they might have gone half way the leg in -them for a mile together.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Thatcher</em> chosen Pastor of the Presbyterian Church -at <em>Boston</em>.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1671.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Thomas Prince</em> Governour of new <em>Plimouth</em> colony.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Richard Bellingham</em> chosen Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> -colony, Mr. <em>Leveret</em> Deputy, and major General.</p> - -<p>Elder <em>Pen</em> now dyed at <em>Boston</em>, the <em>English</em> troubled -much with griping of the guts, and bloudy Flux, of which -several dyed.</p> - -<p><em>October</em> the Two and twentieth a Ship called the flying<span class="pagenum"><a id="Page_211"></a>[211]</span> -<em>Falcon</em> of <em>Amsterdam</em>, arrived at <em>Dover</em>, having been out -since the first of <em>January</em> 1669. and been in the South-[p. 279.]Seas -in the latitude of 50 degrees, having sailed -12900 <em>Dutch</em> leagues, the master told us he made main -land, and discovered two Islands never before discovered, -where were men all hairy, Eleven foot in height.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1672.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Richard Bellingham</em> chosen Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> -colony, Mr. Leveret Deputy, and major General.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1673.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Richard Bellingham</em> Governour of the <em>Massachusets</em> -colony now deceased.</p> - -<p class="p1 center">1674.</p> - -<p><em>Thomas Leveret</em> chosen Governour.</p> - -<p>Mr. <em>Simons</em> Deputy Governour.</p> - - -<p class="p4"> </p> -<hr class="full" /> - -<p class="p4 pfs90 lsp2"><em>FINIS.</em></p> - - -<hr class="chap x-ebookmaker-drop" /> -<div class="chapter"></div> - -<div class="p4 transnote"> -<a name="TN" id="TN"></a> -<p><strong>TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE</strong></p> - -<p>The character ſ (long-form s) has been replaced by the normal s. -A few occurrences of the ‘ct’ ligature have been replaced by the -simple ‘ct’ letter pair.</p> - -<p>The M in Mr. and the S in St. were sometimes italicized. These have -been made normal M and S.</p> - -<p>These errors were present in the original 1674 edition:<br /> -<a href="#tn-152">Pg 152</a>: ‘in the Fifttenth’ replaced by ‘in the Fifteenth’.<br /> -<a href="#tn-172">Pg 172</a>: ‘the Sixt Pope’ replaced by ‘the Sixth Pope’.<br /> -<a href="#tn-204">Pg 204</a>: ‘Ian. 19.’ replaced by ‘Jan. 19.’.<br /> -</p> - -<p>This error was introduced in the 1865 edition:<br /> -<a href="#tn-19">Pg 19</a>: ‘Fo rwo Skillets’ replaced by ‘For two Skillets’.<br /> -</p> - -<p>Other errors have been passed through without change, for example:<br /> -<a href="#tn-28">Pg 28</a>: The original text of this poem had a blank line between -each line of verse; these have been retained.<br /> -<a href="#tn-31">Pg 31</a>: Some words are clearly missing from the original text, -after “were wind bound till”.<br /> -<a href="#tn-205">Pg 205</a>: The intended date is unclear in "at Tiburn, _December_ -the 11 of _February_."<br /> -</p> -</div> - - -<div style='display:block; margin-top:4em'>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK AN ACCOUNT OF TWO VOYAGES TO NEW-ENGLAND ***</div> -<div style='text-align:left'> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> -Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions will -be renamed. -</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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