diff options
| author | nfenwick <nfenwick@pglaf.org> | 2025-01-22 17:24:33 -0800 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | nfenwick <nfenwick@pglaf.org> | 2025-01-22 17:24:33 -0800 |
| commit | 5211f705039700d6483460b5c60c0cccc6d88678 (patch) | |
| tree | 1582750dd4627878c41c89436751a90614bf717e /old/66266-0.txt | |
| parent | ed819c4c54a47e6c7bab210c4be531b41948965f (diff) | |
Diffstat (limited to 'old/66266-0.txt')
| -rw-r--r-- | old/66266-0.txt | 2965 |
1 files changed, 0 insertions, 2965 deletions
diff --git a/old/66266-0.txt b/old/66266-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index f252002..0000000 --- a/old/66266-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2965 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg eBook of Roses:, by Henry C. Andrews - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and -most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you -will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before -using this eBook. - -Title: Roses: - or a Monograph on The Genus Rosa - -Author: Henry C. Andrews - -Release Date: September 11, 2021 [eBook #66266] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -Produced by: Chuck Greif and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at - http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images - available at The Internet Archive) - -*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ROSES: *** - - - - - ROSES: - - OR - - A MONOGRAPH - - OF - - THE GENUS ROSA: - - CONTAINING - - _COLOURED FIGURES_ - - OF - - ALL THE KNOWN SPECIES AND BEAUTIFUL VARIETIES - - DRAWN, ENGRAVED, DESCRIBED, AND COLOURED, - - from the Living Plants. - - - _By H. C. ANDREWS_, - AUTHOR OF - THE BOTANIST’S REPOSITORY, COLOURED ENGRAVINGS OF HEATHS, ETC. - - Hail, lovely ROSE, of flowers the blushing queen! - Burst, burst, ye numerous Nondescripts, with spleen! - Ye wondrous Nothings, from a foreign soil - Brought with such labour, care, and anxious toil,-- - Say, can your utmost charms, combined, disclose - Beauty and fragrance equal to the ROSE? - - London: - PRINTED BY R. TAYLOR AND CO., 38, SHOE LANE; - AND - PUBLISHED BY THE AUTHOR, 5, KNIGHTSBRIDGE. - - - - -INTRODUCTION. - - -The Rose, for matchless beauty famed, (although by botanists so -disregarded) has been the Painter’s study and the Poet’s theme, for ages -past, and will no doubt for ages yet to come; long after many a curious -Nondescript shall in a dusty hortus siccus sleep, unnoticed and unknown. - -The intention of the author in the delineation of this unrivalled tribe, -is to arrange as accurately as possible the numerous beautiful -varieties, with their species--an arduous task, considering the neglect -they have experienced, and the wild and indiscriminate manner in which -they have been profusely mixed. This, aided by an heterogeneous mode of -culture, has produced many varieties, the lineal descent of which is -very difficult to ascertain. - -The extent of the genus has been most vaguely estimated; by some -enumerated at two hundred and forty; an estimate that must certainly -include many very slight varieties, which, if allowed, might swell the -genus to ten times its real extent. But we think a rational computation -would confine them within a hundred, including every distinct variety. -The author’s intention is to figure only those to which a separate -character can be affixed, regarding a superfluous repetition, even of -beauty, inadmissible. As the merits of the present undertaking may -easily be appreciated by a free access to all its beautiful originals, -the author hopes a candid allowance will be made, upon a comparison with -the living plant, when it is considered that the most elaborate efforts -of art have never yet been able to do justice to its superior beauty. - - - - -ROSA muscosa, _Provincialis_. - -_Moss Province Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - ROSA, germinibus ovatis; calycibus et pedunculis muscosis; petiolis - ramulisque hispidis et glanduloso-viscosis; spinis ramorum - numerosis, rectis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - ROSE, with egg-shaped seed-buds; empalements and peduncles mossy; - petioles and younger branches hispid, and glandulously viscous; - spines of the branches numerous, and straight. - - -The origin of this beautiful Rose, has ever been considered as enveloped -in obscurity; but we have no hesitation in assigning it to the Province, -to which it assimilates in every particular,--with the addition of a -rich luxuriant moss, that gives it a decided superiority, and at the -same time a specific distinction. In proof of our opinion, we have -recently seen both the Moss and Province Rose at one time, in high -perfection, on the same plant; and to remove all doubt, the plant was -dug up, to show that it was but one individual root. We have since seen -three more plants of the same description. Two of them had been -propagated by layers from the mossy shoots. The major part of them -returned to their origin, the Province. In the examination of a number -of Moss Roses, we have perceived a considerable difference in the -quantity of moss attached to them,--in many instances so slight, as -evidently to proclaim their original. There can be little if any doubt, -that this beautiful variety is the spontaneous effusion of Nature in -this country, of which we shall ever regard it as indigenous, since we -have never heard of any importations of this species, but of frequent -exportations. The most luxuriant specimens of this plant are the dwarf -growth in the open ground, from which our figure was taken. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA muscosa, _alba_. - -_White Moss Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - ROSA, germinibus ovatis; calycibus, pedunculis, et petiolis - glanduloso-viscosis; foliolis ovatis, subtus villosis, ad margines - glandulis viscosis; spinis ramorum numerosis, rectis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - ROSE, with egg-shaped seed-buds; empalement, peduncles, and - petioles, glandulously viscous; leaflets of an oval shape, villose - beneath, with small viscous glands on their edges; spines of the - branches numerous, and straight. - - -To the industry of Mr. Shailler, Nurseryman, of Little Chelsea, we are -indebted for this delicate new Moss Rose; an acknowledged production -between the Moss and White Province, or Rose Unique, and which is -certainly a valuable addition to this lovely tribe. It evidently bears -the compound characters of both plants, with a foliage very distinct -from either of them; yet it cannot be deemed perfectly a white flower, -since a delicate pale blush pervades the centre of the blossom: this, -however, we regard as no diminution of its beauty, and probably not a -permanent character, but owing to a tender habit, which time and culture -may remove, when it becomes more abundant. - -At present it is a very scarce Rose, and requires a sheltered situation. -The soil in which most Roses thrive best is a light, sandy soil. Some -grow very luxuriant in a stony or gravelly situation. This succeeds -better with a considerable portion of rich bog earth. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA muscosa, _variegata_. - -_Striped Moss Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - ROSA, germinibus ovatis; calycibus, pedunculis, et petiolis - glanduloso-viscosis; foliolis ovatis, subtus villosis, marginibus - glandulosis; spinis ramorum sparsis, rectis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - ROSE, with egg-shaped seed-buds; empalements, peduncles, and - petioles glandulously viscous; leaflets egg-shaped, softly haired - beneath, with glandular margins; spines of the branches scattered, - and straight. - - * * * * * - -This charming Striped Variety is another acquisition to the Mossy tribe, -and, we think, of equal value with the White; and though very distinct -in its character from that plant, it yet betrays a powerful affinity in -many particulars, so as to leave but little doubt of its origin being -nearly the same. In flower it approaches nearest to the York and -Lancaster Rose, which in size and colour it much resembles. - -This is likewise the production of Mr. Shailler, who propagated it at -the same time as the White variety, and is equally scarce; principally -owing to its being treated with too little care before it was -sufficiently established. We have no doubt, however, that in time it -will be equally as hardy as any other. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA Provincialis. - -_Province Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - ROSA, germinibus subrotundis; pedunculis petiolisque hispidis et - glandulosis; aculeis ramorum sparsis, rectis, sub-reflexis; - foliolis ovatis, subtus villosis; serratulis glandulosis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - ROSE, with roundish seed-buds; peduncles and petioles hispid and - glandular. The prickles of the branches are scattered, straight, - and slightly bent back. The leaflets are villous beneath, with - glandulose serratures. - - * * * * * - -The species of Rose denominated Province, a native of Spain and Italy, -is by far the most extended. The varieties are so numerous, that they -apparently comprise one third of the genus. Our present figure -represents the Single Province, a very scarce rose; and as the incipient -ground of so many beautiful varieties, we regard it as peculiarly -valuable. It is a singular circumstance, that from Spain and Italy, -where the Province is supposed to be indigenous, and thence imported to -us, we should never have heard of the Single Province, much less -received the plant; which we can in no way account for, unless the -superior beauty of the Common Province, joined to its great abundance, -may have rendered the idea of importing those with single flowers -superfluous. - -Our figure was taken from the only plant we have ever seen, at the -nursery of Mr. Shailer, of Little Chelsea. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA Provincialis, _alba_. - -_White Province, or Rose Unique._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - ROSA, germinibus subrotundis; pedunculis petiolisque hispidis et - glandulosis; caule et ramis aculeatis, sparsis, rectis, - sub-reflexis; foliolis ovatis, subtus villosis, marginibus - glandulosis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - ROSE, with seed-buds nearly round; peduncles and petioles hispid - and glandular: the stem and branches are prickly, scattered, - straight, and slightly bent back: the leaflets are villous beneath, - with slightly glandular margins. - - * * * * * - -Among the recent additions to this genus, the White Province, or Rose -Unique, is indisputably the most valuable. Its introduction in 1777 was -entirely accidental, through the medium of the late Mr. Grimwood, -nurseryman, a great admirer and collector of roses, who, in an excursion -which he usually made every summer, in passing the front garden of Mr. -Richmond, a baker near Needham in Suffolk, there perceived the present -charming plant, where it had been placed by a carpenter who found it -near a hedge on the contiguous premises of a Dutch merchant, whose old -mansion he was repairing. Mr. Grimwood, requesting a little cutting of -it, received from Mr. Richmond the whole plant; when Mr. G., in return -for a plant so valuable, presented him with an elegant silver cup with -the Rose engraved upon it; and which in commemoration has furnished food -for many a convivial hour. It is of a dwarf growth, and remains in -flower near six weeks longer than the other Province Roses; which -renders it still the more estimable. We wish it had been in our power to -have accounted for its having been till so lately a stranger to us, and -whence indigenous; but at present our information is entirely confined -to the knowledge of its casual introduction; and until some further -light is thrown upon the subject, to elucidate its genealogy, we shall -regard it as a native. - -Our drawing was taken from a plant in the nursery of Messrs. Colville, -King’s Road. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA parviflora, _Provincialis_. - -_Small-flowered Province or Blandford Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - Rosa parviflora, germinibus sub-globosis; pedunculis glandulosis; - caule et petiolis aculeatis; aculeis ramorum sparsis, rectis, - sub-reflexis; foliolis ovatis, subtus villosis, marginibus - glandulosis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - ROSE, with small flowers, and nearly round seed-buds: the - footstalks are glandular; the stem and petioles prickly; the spines - of the branches are scattered, straight, and slightly reflexed; the - leaflets egg-shaped, villous or hairy beneath, with glandular - margins. - - * * * * * - -The Kingston, or Blandford Rose as it is most generally called, was -introduced by Mr. Kingston, nurseryman at Blandford near Dorset, in the -year 1791. In its character it has every thing in common with the -Province Rose, with a specifically distinct small flower (whence our -name); which contrasted with the largeness of its leaves, gives a -singularity to its appearance. In its blossom it approaches nearest to -the Roses of Burgundy and de Meaux; in shape like the former, but in -colour more resembling the latter: but no affinity whatever to the -leaves of either. It is certainly a very desirable Rose, as the number -of those with very small flowers is very circumscribed, and therefore -renders every addition particularly valuable. Like most of the Roses, it -continues to bloom during the months of June, July, and August, and -makes a handsome bushy appearance. - -Our drawing was made from a fine plant in the nursery of Messrs. Whitley -and Brames, Old Brompton. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA Eglanteria, _Var. flore pleno._ - -_Double Sweet Briar or Eglantine Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - ROSA, foliis odoratis; germinibus ovatis, pedunculisque hispidis; - caule et petiolis aculeatis; aculeis magnis, recurvis; foliolis - ovatis, subtus rubiginosis, glanduloso-pilosis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - ROSE, with sweet-scented leaves and egg-shaped seed-buds; peduncles - hispid; stem and petioles prickly; prickles large and recurved; the - leaflets are ovate, rusty beneath, and glandulosely hairy. - - * * * * * - -This fine semi-double variety of the Sweet Briar is an acquisition -highly esteemed; and so we think will be every addition to this charming -species, whose leaves diffuse such aromatic fragrance. In its -semi-double flowers only, it is particularly distinct from the Single, -and certainly makes a much handsomer appearance. Its flowers are -gracefully crowded together, but rarely more than two flowers expand at -one time; but the succession of buds approaching maturity gives it a -very picturesque appearance. We observed but a slight proportion of the -rusty character so powerfully attached to the wild species. Its fruit, -when ripening, acquires a beautiful orange red, which is an addition to -the plant when out of bloom. There is a paler-coloured variety of this -plant, of stouter growth, but which we have not as yet examined with -sufficient accuracy, to ascertain whether it is distinct enough to -require a separate figure. - -Our drawing was made from a fine plant in the nursery of Messrs. -Loddige, Hackney. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA Gallica, _officinalis_. - -_Officinal or French Red Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - ROSA, germinibus globosis; floribus magnis, rubris, stypticis, - pedunculisque hispidis; caule petiolisque hispido-aculeatis; - foliolis sub-ovatis, subtus villosis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - ROSE, with globular seed-buds; the flowers are large, red, and - astringent; peduncles hispid; the stem and petioles hispidly - prickly; the leaflets are nearly egg-shaped, and villous beneath. - - * * * * * - -This large grand Rose is both useful as well as ornamental. The flowers -are used in medicine (whence its term _officinal_) in preference to many -other restoratives. By the Arabian physicians they were in great -estimation for their mild astringent and corroborant virtues, most -particularly in phthisical cases. The flowers cannot be too quickly -dried, as slowly drying of them impairs both their colour and quality. -They are prepared as a conserve, by an infusion of honey. The bloom is -but of short duration, but the succession is rapid. It is of a -semi-double character, and of a fine red colour; from three to four feet -high, and very bushy. It is in great perfection during the months of -June, July, and August, and is extremely beautiful. Its foliage is -rather rough and coarse, and when out of bloom in the autumn it is very -subject to mildew. - -Our drawing was made from the nursery of Messrs. Whitley and Brames, Old -Brompton. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA Provincialis, _multiplex_. - -_Double or Cabbage Province Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - ROSA, multiplex, germinibus sub-globosis; pedunculis petiolisque - hispidis et glandulosis; aculeis ramorum sparsis, rectis, - sub-reflexis; foliolis ovatis, subtus villosis, marginibus - glandulosis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - ROSE, with many folds, and nearly round seed-buds; the peduncles - and petioles are hispid and glandular; the prickles of the branches - are scattered, straight, and slightly reflexed; leaflets - egg-shaped, villous beneath, with glandular margins. - - * * * * * - -This variety of the Common Province is the most fragrant of all the -Roses, and therefore particularly desirable; for, although it cannot be -ranked among the rare, it is nevertheless one of the most beautiful. Its -sweetness, joined to the abundance of its blossoms, has rendered it an -object of culture, for the purpose of distillation; as it yields a much -greater quantity of scented water than any other rose. It is generally -denominated the Cabbage Province, from the extreme complexity of its -petals, which sometimes adhere so closely together, as to prevent -entirely their expansion without bursting:--a circumstance that -frequently occurs in the vegetable from which its specific distinction -is derived, and which we regard to be unequivocally good, as we should -every similitude of equally easy reference. By the closeness and -superabundance of its petals only, is it distinguished from the Common -Province, of which it is certainly an interesting variety. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA moschata. - -_Musk Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - ROSA, paniculis multifloris, redolens quasi moschum; germinibus - ovatis; pedunculisque villosis; petiolis aculeatis; foliolis - oblongis, acuminatis, glabris; spinis ramorum majoribus, sparsis, - rectisque. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - ROSE, with many-flowered panicles, scented like musk; seed-bud - egg-shaped; peduncles villose; petioles prickly; the leaflets are - oblong, acuminated, and smooth; the spines of the branches are - large, scattered, and straight. - - * * * * * - -As a perfectly distinct species, the present figure is well deserving of -notice. Its flowers are numerous, of a soft creamy white, and which are -supposed to emit an odour resembling the perfume called musk. A specific -name thus derived, we should not hold in much estimation were the plant -ever so deficient in descriptive character; but as the reverse is -obvious in the present instance, it is still the more objectionable. -Were it, therefore, a name of recent introduction, we should certainly -take the liberty of altering it; but, as it has been long known under -the title of Musk Rose, however vague and imperfect the reference, we do -not think ourselves authorized to change it. - -It is a native of the island of Madeira, and a very desirable rose, -although by no means splendid; but as one of the latter blowing it is a -considerable addition, as it illumines that part of autumn, when the -major part of this luxuriant tribe have ceased to bloom. - -Our figure was made from a fine plant in the nursery of Messrs. Whitley -and Brames, Old Brompton. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA moschata, _Var. flore pleno._ - -_Double Musk Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - ROSA, paniculis multifloris, redolens quasi moschum; pedunculis - villosis, petiolis aculeatis; foliolis oblongis, acuminatis, - glabris; spinis ramorum latis, sparsis, rectis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - ROSE, with many-flowered panicles, scented like musk; peduncles - villose, petioles prickly; the leaflets are oblong, pointed, and - smooth; the spines of the branches are broad, scattered, and - straight. - - * * * * * - -This variety of the Musk Rose differs but little, if at all, from the -single, except in its semi-double flowers, which in that particular give -to the plant a very distinct appearance; but in every other respect it -is so closely allied, that it may justly be called the prototype of the -former; more especially as upon the single plant double flowers have -sometimes been found, but not frequent; and careful cultivation has now -rendered it a circumstance of very rare occurrence. Its blossoms -certainly form a richer appearance than the single; their fragrance is -by some thought stronger, by others weaker; on the propriety of which we -shall make no further comment, than merely to observe that we regard an -appeal to the olfactory organs of all references the most imperfect. - -This plant, as well as the former, is frequently on the upper part of -the branches free from spines, but on the lower part of the stems they -are extremely large and strong. - -Our figure was made from plants in the nursery of Messrs. Colville, -King’s Road. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA indica. - -_Indian Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - ROSA, germinibus subrotundis, pedunculisque læviter hispidis; - glabra, et nitida, semper florens; petiolis aculeatis; foliolis - oblongis, acuminatis, nitidissimis; caule viridi, nitido, ad basin - spinoso. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - ROSE, with roundish seed-buds, and peduncles slightly hispid; - smooth and shining, ever blooming; the petioles are prickly; the - leaflets are oblong, sharp-pointed, and very shining; stem green, - shining, and thorny towards the base. - - * * * * * - -This most elegant rose is justly considered as one of the greatest -ornaments ever introduced to this country. The light delicacy of its -pinky flowers, and its bright shining green leaves, aided by its -unceasing and abundant bloom, render it so attractive that very few -roses can compare with it; in fragrance it is inferior to most; for -although at times we have found it slightly scented, we must confess to -have found it sometimes so deficient in this particular as to be almost -induced to regard it as a scentless rose. - -All the information that we have been able to acquire respecting its -introduction is, that it was first seen in the garden of the late Mr. -Parsons of Rickmansworth in Hertfordshire, in the year 1793, soon after -which period Messrs. Colville procuring a plant, cultivated it, and it -has been ever since increasing in estimation. In the cold season of the -year its blossoms are very pale; too great an exposure to the sun -likewise produces the same effect. We have frequently seen it of a rich -flesh-colour, but never deep. - -It is commonly called Pale China Rose; but we have preferred the literal -English name, to avoid confusion, by an appearance of two names for one -plant, which can never be desirable. - -Our figure was made from a plant in the Hibbertian collection, Clapham -Common. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA Belgica, _blanda_. - -_Blush Belgic Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - Rosa germinibus globosis, ad basin glandulosis, pedunculis - hispido-glandulosis, floribus confertis, pallide carneis; foliolis - ovatis, acuminatis; caule et petiolis aculeatis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - ROSE, with globose seed-buds, slightly glandular; peduncles - hispidly glandular, flowers crowded, and of a pale flesh-colour, - leaflets are ovate, and pointed; the stem and petioles prickly. - - * * * * * - -This fine pale variety of the Belgic Rose is much esteemed. Its flowers -are in succession abundant, but rarely more than two are in perfection -at one time. A considerable degree of sameness certainly pervades the -Dutch species, to which a judicious curtailment will be very -serviceable, by excluding those very trivial florescent varieties from a -figurative description; by which abbreviation, a much greater degree of -interest will be attached to those, that actually possess a character -sufficiently distinct, to require a separate figure, and at the same -time it will get rid of an heterogeneous mass of superlative phrases -made use of occasionally by way of discrimination. The Author will -nevertheless give as satisfactory a reason as possible for the apparent -expulsion of any of this attractive genus. - -Our figure was made from a fine plant in the nursery of Messrs. -Colville, King’s Road, in the month of July, from which period till -September it is in constant bloom. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA menstrua, _Var. flore racemoso_. - -_Monthly Rose, Cluster-flowered Variety._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - ROSA, germinibus oblongis, sæpeflorens, racemosa, fragrans; - pedunculis petiolisque hispidis, et glandulosis; aculeis ramorum - sparsis, rectis; foliolis oblongis, subtus villosis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - ROSE, with oblong seed-buds, often flowering, clustered, - sweet-scented; the peduncles and petioles are hispid and glandular; - the prickles of the branches are scattered and straight; the - leaflets are of an oblong form, and villous beneath. - - * * * * * - -This cluster-flowered Variety is undoubtedly the most attractive of that -species of Rose denominated Monthly. To its fine abundant and frequent -bloom is attached a fragrance of unequivocal sweetness, for which it is -much esteemed. It bears so great a resemblance to the Damask Rose, that -we are strongly induced to regard it as a continuation of that species, -and have but little doubt, if the flowers were dried and analysed, they -would be found to contain the same medicinal virtues. The title of -Monthly is certainly a term of latitude with regard to its flowering; -for, in the literal sense, it should imply a perpetually blooming Rose; -which undoubtedly a Rose must be that blossoms every month; but this is -by no means the case with the present species, although in mild seasons -it may be found in bloom in December or January; which gives it a -decided superiority over many of the summer species. - -Our figure was taken from a fine blooming specimen in the month of -September, at the nursery of Messrs. Whitley and Brames, Old Brompton. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA racemosa. - -_Clustered Rose, or Rose of the four Seasons._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - ROSA, germinibus sub-rotundis, læviter glandulosa, pedunculis - hispido-glandulosis, sæpe florentibus, racemosis, læte - rubro-purpureis; foliolis ovatis, subtus villosis; aculeis ramorum - sparsis, rectis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - ROSE, with roundish seed-buds, slightly glandular, peduncles - hispidly glandular, often blooming, clustered, and of a bright red - purple; leaflets are ovate, and villous beneath; the prickles of - the branches are scattered and straight. - - * * * * * - -This very desirable Rose was introduced from France under the title of -La Rose de quatre Saisons, and which we conceive to be an appropriate -term, as it refers with some degree of accuracy to the frequency of its -flowering. For although it is not in flower all the year, yet it is -found blooming in every season; a circumstance of rare occurrence, and -(the Chinese or Indian Rose excepted) only to be found in the species -called the Monthly Rose, from which analogy alone, the Rose of the four -Seasons has been by many supposed to be only the Clustered-flowered -Monthly under a new name; but to this it has not the slightest affinity -except in its foliage, being in every other respect most particularly -distinct. It is also a scarcer rose, and by no means so well known as it -deserves to be. - -The figure was taken from a fine plant in the nursery of Messrs. -Loddiges, Hackney. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA Provincialis, _blanda_. - -_Blush Province Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - ROSA, germinibus sub-globosis, incarnatis; pedunculis petiolisque - hispidis et glandulosis; aculeis ramorum sparsis, rectis; foliolis - ovatis, subtus villosis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - ROSE, with nearly round seed-buds, flesh-coloured; the peduncles - and petioles are hispid and glandular; the prickles of the branches - are scattered, and straight; the leaflets are egg-shaped, and - villose beneath. - - * * * * * - -Of all the numerous variations in the Province Rose, this is the most -delicate variety; and as a well-known and much-admired (although only a -slight) variety of the Red, it is highly deserving of a separate -figure.--This specimen represents the most general character of the -Blush Province. As we have two florescent varieties of this pale -delicate character, from the same species, whose slight distinctions -have no doubt lent their aid to swell the train of superfluous -novelty,--the Author is in hopes, by the observations he has already -made on the variations of the same Rose by different modes of culture, -joined with the further inspection he shall be enabled to make in the -course of the ensuing summer, that it will be in his power to ascertain -with accuracy the difference between the mere florescent varieties of -growth, and those actually distinct in their character, independent of -that circumstance. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA Gallica variegata; _vel Rosa Mundi_. - -_Striped French Rose; or Rose of the World._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - ROSA, germinibus globosis; floribus magnis, et eleganter - variegatis; pedunculis hispidis; caule et petiolis hispidis et - aculeatis; foliolis sub-ovatis, subtus villosis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - ROSE, with globular seed-buds; flowers large, and elegantly - striped; peduncles hispid; the stem and petioles are hispid and - prickly; the leaflets are nearly egg-shaped, and villose beneath. - - * * * * * - -This elegant Striped variety of the _Rosa Gallica_ is certainly more -attractive than its original, the _officinalis_. Its fine red stripes -acquire a comparatively superior brilliance, by their contrast with the -white; from which analogous circumstance we believe the name of _Rosa -Mundi_ has been originally derived from a collateral reference to that -celebrated lady in the reign of Henry the Second, commonly called Fair -Rosamund (signifying Rose-mouth). Thus, like the Rose, the colour of her -lips was heightened by the comparative delicacy of her fair complexion; -and which the Author has no doubt will be considered as a fair excuse, -however remote or questionable the etymology. Like all other variegated -Roses, an exactitude of character is never to be expected; we having -sometimes seen it more divided than our figure represents, and at others -so much less so as to be nearly one half white, and the other red. - -The drawing was made from fine plants in the nursery of Messrs. Whitley -and Brames, Old Brompton. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA Gallica; _Var. flore marmoreo_. - -_French Rose; Marbled-flowered Variety._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - ROSA, germinibus globosis; floribus magnis, marmoreis; pedunculis - hispidis; caule petiolisque hispido-aculeatis; foliolis sub-ovatis, - subtus villosis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - ROSE, with globular seed-buds; the flowers are large, and of a - marbled character; peduncles hispid; the stem and petioles are - hispidly prickly; the leaflets are nearly egg-shaped, and villous - beneath. - - * * * * * - -This Marbled Variety of the _officinalis_, or French Red Rose, is, like -the Striped, a variety of colour only: for although all the three Roses -appear distinct from each other when in flower; yet, when out of bloom, -it is scarcely possible to distinguish the one from the other. We have -sometimes observed the foliage of this variety more undulated or waved -than the others; a trifling difference, if it is even a constant -character;--but most likely a mere casualty of growth. It is exactly of -the same bushy habit as the other two; and, like them, equally subject -to mildew in the autumn. - -Our drawing was made from a fine plant, in luxuriant bloom, at the -nursery of Mr. Shailer, King’s Road, Chelsea. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA Provincialis, _semi-duplex_. - -_Semi-double Province Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - Rosa germinibus subrotundis; pedunculis petiolisque hispidis et - glandulosis; floribus semi-duplicibus; aculeis ramorum sparsis, - rectis, sub-reflexis; foliolis ovatis, subtus villosis, serraturis - glandulosis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - Rose with roundish seed-buds; peduncles and petioles hispid and - glandular; flowers semi-double. The prickles of the branches are - scattered, straight, and slightly bent back. The leaflets are - ovate, villous beneath, with glandular serratures. - - * * * * * - -This fine Semi-double Province Rose is at present but little known, -being nearly of as recent a date as the Single, although not quite so -rare--but in beauty by no means inferior; and when regarded as a -connecting link in the symmetrical arrangement of this very numerous -species, it will doubtless be considered as a valuable acquisition. -Amidst their numerous variations of flower, very little if any -difference is observable in the foliage, except what is incident to the -health or age of the plant. The leaves are invariably composed of -leaflets of from one to three pairs, with a terminating or end one: but -those having three pairs are mostly confined to the lower part of the -plant; and frequently those leaves at the base of the footstalks of the -flowers have only the abortive rudiments of what would have been one -pair of leaflets, had not the luxuriance of its blossoms absorbed the -nourishment that would otherwise have brought them to maturity. - -The figure was made from a plant at the nursery of Mr. Shailer, King’s -Road. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA nana, _minor_. - -_Small Dwarf, or Pompone Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - Rosa germinibus subrotundis, parvifloris, incarnatis, in medio - profunde rubris; foliolis ovatis, acutis, et parvis; subtus - villosis, marginibus serrulatis, glandulosis; caule et petiolis - aculeatis; aculeis ramorum sparsis, rectis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - Rose with roundish seed-buds, small-flowered, flesh-coloured, and - of a deep red in the centre. The leaflets are ovate, sharp-pointed, - and small; downy beneath, with small sawed glandular margins. The - stem and petioles are prickly: the prickles of the branches are - scattered, and straight. - - * * * * * - -This elegant minor variety of the Dwarf Rose has been, and still -continues to be, regarded as superior to most, equal to any, and -surpassed by no one, of this enchanting genus at present known. It is an -evident variety of the Rose de Meaux, an equally beautiful Rose, but -whose flowers are larger, and deficient in the fine deep red eye;--the -principal specific distinction, in the present plant, and which is -thought to give it a decided superiority. But whether this distinction -be a permanent character, is certainly at present a matter of doubt; for -in several instances we have seen it lose this central distinction, and -attain the full height of its original. Yet against this observation we -are acquainted with two exceptions: one of them, a plant in the nursery -of Mr. Shailer; the other, a plant in the nursery of Messrs. Loddige; -neither of these plants having for years grown beyond a foot in height, -nor have the proprietors ever been able to propagate them. It is -therefore not improbable, that upon comparing them with the present -figure when in fine bloom, there may be found a sufficient distinction -to enable us to subjoin another figure of it, under the title of -_minima_, or smallest variety. - -The drawing was made from a plant at the nursery of Messrs. Whitley and -Brames, Old Brompton. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA nana, _minor_; _Var. æqualiflora_. - -_Small Dwarf Rose; Equal-flowered Variety._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - Rosa germinibus subrotundis, parvifloris, incarnatis, æqualibus; - foliolis ovatis, subtus villosis; marginibus serrulatis, - glandulosis; caule et petiolis aculeatis; aculeis ramorum sparsis, - rectis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - Rose with roundish seed-buds, small-flowered, flesh-coloured, and - equal. The leaflets are egg-shaped, villose beneath, with sawed - glandular margins. The stem and petioles are prickly: the prickles - of the branches are scattered and straight. - - * * * * * - -This variety was introduced from France by Mr. Williams, a nurseryman -residing near Paris. It is of a compound character; the leaves and the -colour of the flowers resembling the _Rosa nana_, but in point of size -much more like the _nana minor_, or Pompone Rose; yet differing again -from that, in the great regularity of the petals--(whence the name -_æqualiflora_)--a trivial distinction, and yet the most prominent -feature allowed us by way of discrimination. Nor should we have adopted -it, had we not seen at the nursery of Messrs. Colville a number of -plants of exactly the same uniform description; which induced us to -regard it as a permanent character. If it should prove so (which time -alone can ascertain), the name will be sufficiently discriminative: but -in case the flowers should enlarge, that circumstance might probably -disorganize the symmetry of the petals, and it would then have no -distinguishing mark to separate it from the de Meaux; between which and -the Pompone Rose it is certainly a variety. But whilst so many -variations are allowed among the larger Roses, the lesser ones (but not -less estimated) may with propriety claim an equal right to be admitted, -particularly as they are so few, compared with those of larger -magnitude. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA Carolina, _pimpinellæfolia_. - -_Great Burnet-leaved Carolina Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - ROSA, germinibus globosis, pedunculisque hispidis; petiolis - aculeatis; foliolis oblongis, acutis, serratis; caule glabro; - spinis ramorum sparsis, et oppositis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - ROSE, with round seed-buds and hispid peduncles; petioles prickly; - leaflets oblong, sharp-pointed, and sawed; stem smooth; spines of - the branches are scattered, and opposite. - - * * * * * - -This Rose, so well known by the appellation of the Great Burnet-leaved, -is estimated as a variety of the Carolina; but in our opinion the -resemblance is not very powerful. Probably a more minute investigation -of some of the intermediate varieties at some future period may enable -us to throw some further light on the subject. It is a very shrubby and -rather dwarfish-growing plant, inclinable to spread; and although not -particularly attractive, is by no means deficient in beauty. It -continues a long time in successive bloom, and is possessed of a very -handsome double-flowered variety. - -Our drawing was made from a plant at the nursery of Messrs. Colville. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA Pennsylvanica. - -_Pennsylvanian Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - ROSA, germinibus globosis, pedunculisque hispidis; foliolis ovatis, - acuminatis, serratis, glabris; spinis ramorum oppositis, rectis, - rubris. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - ROSE, with round seed-buds, and hispid peduncles; the leaflets are - of an ovate form, sharp-pointed, sawed, and smooth; the thorns of - the branches are opposite, straight, and red. - - * * * * * - -This handsome Single Rose is supposed to be one of the varieties of the -Carolina, and for that reason, we believe, called the Pennsylvanian -Rose, and perfectly well known under that title; although we think the -plant bears very little affinity to the Carolina Rose, and is perhaps -nearer allied to the Austrian than any other. It certainly bears a -considerable resemblance to the Burnet-leaved variety of the Carolina; -but has much more of the character of a brier attached to it, and is -generally estimated as the most desirable variety. - -It is in fine bloom from the middle of June to the end of August. There -is a delicate variety of it with double flowers. - -Our figure was made from the nursery of Messrs. Colville. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA parvifolia. - -_Small-leaved, or Burgundy Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - ROSA, germinibus globosis; pedunculis et petiolis hispidis; - floribus multiplicibus, equalibus; foliolis ovatis, acutis, parvis, - subtus villosis, marginibus serrulatis; caule fruticoso; aculeis - ramorum sparsis, rectis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - ROSE, with round seed-buds; peduncles and petioles hispid; flowers - with many folds, and equal; leaflets ovate, sharp-pointed and - small, hairy beneath, with finely sawed edges; stem shrubby; the - spines of the branches are scattered and straight. - - * * * * * - -This beautiful Dwarf Rose is certainly a very distinct species, and -generally known by the appellation of Burgundy Rose. It is an -early-blooming Rose, and makes a brilliant appearance. The flowers are -very double, of a rich red purple when in perfection, but of a paler or -bluer colour when retiring. It is very easily distinguished from any -other dwarf Rose, by the striking resemblance which it bears to the -Ranunculus, and from which a good specific name might have been derived, -had not the leaves (ever the most appropriate characteristic) furnished -an unexceptionable title, recently adopted by professor Willdenow in his -Species Plantarum. - -Our drawing was made from fine plants at the nursery of Messrs. Whitley -and Brames. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA spinosissima. - -_Thorny Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - ROSA, germinibus globosis, glabris; pedunculis et petiolis glabris; - foliolis ovatis, crenatis, glabris; floribus albis; caule et ramis - aculeatissimis; aculeis rectis, sub-albidis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - ROSE, with smooth round seed-buds; peduncles and petioles of the - leaf smooth; the leaflets are egg-shaped, notched, and smooth; - flowers white; the stem and branches are very prickly; the prickles - straight, and nearly white. - - * * * * * - -Various are the opinions of cultivators with regard to what part of the -world this Rose is in reality indigenous. Its general appellation with -us is Common Scotch Rose; but Professor Afzelius, in his Observations on -Swedish Roses, claims it as a native of Sweden, finding great fault with -Linnæus for the inaccuracy of his description in confounding the -_pimpinellæfolia_ with the _spinosissima_; an error, we have little -doubt, originating merely from having two names for one individual -plant. There are two slight variations from this plant: the one rather a -taller plant, whose flowers and leaves are of a more luxuriant growth; -the other and most material is one, said to be of recent importation -from Holland, whose leaves are narrower, nor are the spines quite so -numerous or perfectly straight as on the true _spinosissima_, but yet it -is evidently the same plant. This slight variation of clime and culture, -it is not at all improbable, might be the cause of the above confusion: -we have so frequently seen it growing wild on the waste lands within ten -miles of London, that, although it may be a native of Sweden, it -nevertheless seems quite at home in Britain. The single flower beneath -represents what is called a Striped Variety; but it is often so nearly -white, that, until its character is more determined, we shall decline a -separate figure. It is very hardy, of a lively appearance, but no great -beauty. It is an early Rose, and possessed of several very handsome -varieties. - -Our figure was made from the nursery of Mr. Williams, Turnham Green. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA spinosissima; _Var. flore marmoreo_. - -_Thorny Rose; Marbled-flowered Variety._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - ROSA, germinibus globosis, glabris; pedunculis et petiolis glabris; - foliolis ovatis, crenatis, glabris; floribus marmoreis, purpureis; - caule et ramis aculeatissimis; aculeis rectis, albicantibus. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - ROSE, with round seed-buds, and smooth; peduncles and petioles - smooth; the leaflets are ovate, notched, and smooth; the flowers - are marbled, and of a purple colour; the stem and branches are very - prickly; the prickles straight out, and of a whitish colour. - - * * * * * - -This fine Marbled Variety of the _spinosissima_ is certainly much more -desirable than its original, but is by no means so abundant; and we -think it is a smaller or more dwarf-growing plant: but not having seen -more than two plants of it in bloom, we cannot be quite certain of its -character in that particular. The flowers are somewhat smaller than in -the White, and one of the specimens in bloom at the nursery of Malcolm -and Co., Kensington, still smaller than our figure of it, but fully -equal in beauty and richness of colour to the plant from which our -figure was made at the nursery of Messrs. Loddige, Hackney; but so -variable are the Striped and Marbled Roses, that we cannot expect them -often to stand the test of comparison. It is an early blooming Rose, but -not of long duration; beginning to flower the latter end of May, and -seldom lasting more than three weeks. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA nana, _minima_. - -_Smallest Dwarf, or True Pompone Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - ROSA, germinibus subrotundis; floribus minutis, incarnatis, in - medio profunde rubris; foliolis ovatis, acutis, et parvis, subtus - villosis, marginibus serrulatis, glandulosis. Frutex pygmæus; caule - et petiolis aculeatis; aculeis ramorum sparsis, rectis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - ROSE, with roundish seed-buds; flowers very small, flesh-coloured, - and of a deep red in the centre; leaflets egg-shaped, - sharp-pointed, and small, hairy beneath, with finely sawed - glandular margins. It is a dwarf shrub; stem and petioles prickly; - the spines of the branches are scattered and straight. - - * * * * * - -This elegant little plant proves, as we imagined it would, distinct from -the minor variety, whose flower and leaves we find subject to vary both -in size and colour, but in the present true original species they are -not. At present it is a very scarce Rose, and likely so to continue, -from the difficulty annexed to its cultivation. - -Our figure represents one-third of the entire and only plant in the -collection of Messrs. Loddige, Hackney, the whole plant exhibiting an -equal degree of luxuriant bloom. It very rarely attains the height of -one foot; but this year it had not exceeded five inches, which gave an -addition of singularity to its appearance. It begins to flower nearly at -the same time as the Rose de Meaux, but does not remain quite so long in -bloom. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA semperflorens. - -_Ever-blowing Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - ROSA, germinibus subrotundis, pedunculisque læviter hispidis; - floribus profunde rubris, semperflorentibus; petiolis aculeatis; - foliolis oblongis, acuminatis, glabris; caule viridi, glabro, ad - basin spinoso. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - ROSE, with roundish seed-buds, and slightly hispid peduncles; - flowers of a deep rich red colour, ever-blooming; petioles prickly; - leaflets oblong, sharp-pointed, and smooth; stem green, smooth, and - thorny towards the base. - - * * * * * - -This most beautiful species is perhaps the only one that could with any -degree of propriety be termed an Ever-blooming Rose, the _indica_ -excepted, and which is by some supposed to be only a variety of the -present plant; an idea probably resulting from the congeniality of their -continual bloom: but admitting it to be only a pale variety of this dark -Rose, there must be at least one or two intermediate varieties not yet -imported, to smooth the gradual descent from its original; or otherwise -the China Roses must be as distinct in their varieties as the generality -of other Roses are in their species. It is a Rose of extreme latitude, -particularly in the growth of its foliage. When cultivated in a pot, it -is frequently not a fourth part of the size our figure represents; -whilst on the contrary in the conservatory of G. Hibbert, esq. from -whence our figure was made from a plant ten feet high, some of the -foliage on the lower part of the plant was full three times the size we -have delineated. - -To the late G. Slater, esq. of Knots Green near Laytonstone, we are -indebted for the introduction of this fine plant, in the year 1792. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA muscosa _Provincialis_; _Var. flore pallido_. - -_Moss Province Rose; Pale-flowered Variety._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - ROSA, germinibus ovatis; calycibus et pedunculis muscosis; petiolis - ramulisque hispidis, et glanduloso-viscosis; floribus incarnatis; - spinis ramorum numerosis, rectis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - ROSE, with egg-shaped seed-buds; empalements and peduncles mossy; - petioles and younger branches hispid, and glandularly viscous; - flowers of a flesh-colour; the spines of the branches are scattered - and straight. - - * * * * * - -Our figure represents a delicate Pale Variety, of the common, old, (but -ever favourite) species, taken from the nursery of Mr. Shailer of Little -Chelsea, and at present considered as a rare plant; but which we regard -as only a variety of colour, considering the latitude of growth to which -Roses in general are subject, and the present species in particular, -whose beautiful original when cultivated in a pot instead of the open -ground experiences a diminution both in its mossy character and the -brilliance of its colour, but frequently acquires a much more graceful -habit from the confinement of its situation: and as the Rose is as much -noticed under this treatment as in any other mode of culture, the Author -has carefully selected from a number of fine specimens one of luxuriant -but rapid growth; that, aided by its rich and higher coloured original, -may serve as a criterion to ascertain the variety of form and character -with which it may at different times meet the eye. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA Bella Donna. - -_Maiden’s-blush Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - Rosa germinibus ovatis, pedunculisque hispidis: floribus confertis, - pallide carneis: foliis patentibus: foliolis lato-ovatis, - acuminatis: caule et petiolis aculeatis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - Rose with egg-shaped seed-buds, and hispid peduncles. Flowers - crowded, of a pale flesh colour. Leaves spreading. Leaflets broadly - egg-shaped and sharp-pointed. Stem and petioles prickly. - - * * * * * - -There cannot be a Rose better known than this delicate species, under -the title of The Maiden’s Blush. It is considered, among the Garden -Roses, as the second in progressive routine from the wild species, but -must certainly be ranked among the first in beauty. Our figure -represents what is called the Clustered variety; an appellation we have -not adopted, as it would have compelled us to have given two other -nominal varieties; the one, whose flowers are rather smaller; the other, -with flowers less crowded. But when the latitude of growth that -appertains to this luxuriant tribe is considered, they may with -propriety be regarded as the variations of culture only. - -During the months of July and August this Rose is in the greatest -perfection. We have frequently remarked the foliage of this Rose, upon -most old plants, to be of a very dark or blackish green; but, on the -younger ones, to be nearly the same in colour as the minor variety. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA Bella Donna; _Var. flore minore_. - -_Maidens-blush Rose; Small-flowered Variety._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - Rosa germinibus ovatis, pedunculisque hispidis: floribus numerosis - parvulis, pallide carneis: foliis patentibus: foliolis ovatis, - acuminatis: caule et petiolis aculeatis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - Rose with egg-shaped seed-buds, and hispid peduncles. Flowers - numerous, smallish, and of a pale flesh colour. Leaves spreading. - Leaflets egg-shaped and pointed. Stem and petioles prickly. - - * * * * * - -This minor Variety of the Maiden’s Blush, like the larger one, is said -to possess two equally trivial variations. The only observable -distinction in this variety is the very small size of its flowers, -compared with the preceding figure. Yet, as it delineates the latitude -of growth annexed to this species, it stands in no great need of an -apology. But how we could have apologized, in a satisfactory manner, for -the introduction of four more intermediate varieties, we know not; but -rather think we must have borrowed the specific character of the present -species, and blushed for their intrusion. The specific we have adopted -is only retained among cultivators for this minor Variety, doubtless -with the intention of preserving an appearance of greater distinction. - -From fine plants in the nursery of Messrs. Whitley, this species has -been delineated. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA inermis. - -_Rose without Thorns._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - Rosa inermis, germinibus oblongis: pedunculis petiolisque hispidis: - corollis saturate rubropurpureis: foliis glabris: foliolis ovatis, - acutis, serratis: caule ramisque glabris: fructibus pendulis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - Rose unarmed, with oblong seed-buds, and hispid petioles and - peduncles. Blossoms of a deep red purple. Leaves smooth. Leaflets - ovate, sharp-pointed, and sawed at the edges. Stem and branches - smooth. Fruit pendulous. - - * * * * * - -This thornless Rose may be almost considered as the exception to an -otherwise general rule. A specific so unequivocally good seldom occurs; -and yet this Rose, in the Hortus Kewensis, bears the name of -_pendulina_, from its pendulous fruit; a character common to several -other species. But had we not found this Rose to be as well known under -the name of _inermis_, as by the title of _pendulina_, we should not -(although for the better) have thought ourselves so well justified in -altering it; regarding names of no further value than as they give us -the most immediate direction to any object we may be in search of. It is -an early-blooming Rose with single-flowers of the finest purple colour; -and frequently blooms a second time in the autumn; but its flowers then -are not so large as in the early part of the season. - -Our figure was drawn from a large plant in the nursery of Mr. Shailer. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA lucida. - -_Shining-leaved or Macartney Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - Rosa germinibus globosis, lucidis, et sericeis, ad basin bracteis - sericeis dentatis instructis: floribus albis: foliis buxeis: - foliolis sub-ovatis, serrulatis, lucidis: pedunculis et petiolis - aculeatissimis: caule aculeatissimo, tomentoso: ramis flexuosis, - patentibus. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - Rose with round seed-buds, shining, and silky, furnished at the - base with silky toothed floral leaves. Flowers white. Leaves - resembling box. Leaflets nearly egg-shaped, finely sawed, and - shining. Peduncles and petioles very prickly. Stem very prickly and - downy. Branches flexuose and spreading. - - * * * * * - -This perfectly distinct species of Rose was introduced from China to -this country by Lord Macartney, on his return from his embassy to that -court. It is perfectly known under the title of Macartney Rose, and also -by the name of _lucida_, which we have retained: not that we think it is -the best name that might have been applied; for _lucida_ is by no means -the exclusive character of the present species, and the appellative of -_buxifolia_ or _bracteata_ would have been more appropriate, as they -could not have been well applied to any other Rose at present known. -But, probably, at a future period, some variety of this species, either -imported or cultivated in this country, may enable us to make use of -these specifics. - -Our figure was taken from a luxuriant specimen of this fine training -Rose, communicated by the Hon. W. Irby. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA canina; _Var. flore pleno_. - -_Dog-Rose; Double-flowered Variety._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - Rosa germinibus rotundatis, pedunculisque glabris: floribus - semi-duplicibus: petalis exteriorbus albicantibus, patentibus: - interioribus pallide incarnatis, et apertis: caule et petiolis - aculeatis: ramis gracilibus, flexuosis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - Rose with roundish seed-buds, and smooth peduncles. Flowers - semi-double: the outer petals are whitish, and spreading: the inner - are of a pale flesh colour, and unclosed. The stem and petioles are - prickly. Branches slender, and flexuose. - - * * * * * - -This elegant little Rose is a most desirable variety of the wild -species, and would be extremely ornamental if trained against a wall. We -have not been able to learn for certain by whom it was first cultivated, -but are inclined to think it the spontaneous effusion of nature -unassisted by art; and are rather surprised that it should not have -become long before now an object of general culture: but, as we -understand it is rather shy of flowering, that in some measure accounts -for an otherwise apparent neglect of beauty. We have no doubt, however, -when it becomes abundantly cultivated, it may also prove a plant of -freer bloom. From the light, airy, graceful character of its flowers, we -are convinced that to be sought after it need but to be seen. - -Our figure was made from the only plant we have ever seen in bloom, at -the nursery of Messrs. Whitley and Brames. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA canina, _variegata_. - -_Variegated-leaved Dog-Rose_. - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - Rosa germinibus globosis, glabris: pedunculis leviter hispidis: - floribus albis, tenuibus: foliis variegatis: foliolis ovatis, - acutis, serratis: ramis patentibus: caule humili vel repente. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - Rose with round seed-buds, smooth. Peduncles slightly hispid. - Flowers white, and thin. Leaves variegated. Leaflets ovate, - sharp-pointed, and sawed. Branches spreading. Stem low or creeping. - - * * * * * - -This little Rose is an evident variety of the wild species, and -certainly no great beauty; yet, as a perfectly distinct Rose, it has a -greater claim to notice than half the supposed novelties of the present -day (combined) could boast. Its variegated leaves give a singularity to -its appearance: from its extreme low growth and very spreading branches -it may literally be said to creep upon the ground; and which may be -rather considered as an addition to the appearance of the plant, by the -relief its small white blossoms experience, contrasted with the sombre -earth on which they are spread. The duration of the bloom is much longer -than might be expected from their extremely thin delicate texture; there -is a pretty good succession of flowers: and during the months of July -and August they make a lively appearance. - -From a plant in the nursery of Messrs. Colville, our figure was taken. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA Portlandia. - -_Portland Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - Rosa germinibus ovatis: pedunculis petiolisque hispidis: floribus - coccineis: aculeis ramorum sparsis, rectis: foliolis ovatis, - luteolo-virentibus, subtus villosis; serratulis glandulosis. Rami - patentes, albo-virescentes. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - Rose with egg-shaped seed-buds. Peduncles and petioles hispid. - Flowers scarlet-coloured; prickles of the branches scattered and - straight. Leaflets ovate, of a yellowish green, villose beneath, - with glandular serratures. Branches spreading, of a whitish green. - - * * * * * - -This Rose is perfectly well known under the appellation of the Portland -Rose; a title it is said to have received in compliment to the late -Duchess of Portland, a great admirer of this charming tribe of plants, -and in whose collection at Bulstrode they were cultivated in great -luxuriance. It is a fine scarlet Rose, of a most brilliant appearance, -far above comparison with any effort of art. It appears to have the -compound character of three different plants: in growth and flower, like -the _Gallica officinalis_; in foliage, like the Province; with seed-buds -and peduncles more resembling the Damask species. Yet with all these -affinities it seems to possess a perfectly distinct character, and may -be easily distinguished from most other Roses by the fiery colour of its -flowers: the stalks are of a whiter green, and the foliage of a yellower -green, than Roses in general. It continues in successive bloom from the -middle of summer till late in autumn. - -Our figure was made from a plant in the nursery of Messrs. Colville. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA Pennsylvanica; _Var. flore pleno_. - -_Pennsylvanian Rose; Double-flowered Variety._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - Rosa germinibus globosis, pedunculisque hispidis: foliis - patentibus: foliolis ovatis, acuminatis, serratis, glabris: spinis - ramorum oppositis, rectis, rubris. Caulis humilis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - Rose with round seed-buds, and hispid peduncles. Leaves spreading. - Leaflets of an ovate form, sharp-pointed, sawed, and smooth. The - thorns of the branches opposite, straight, and red. Stem low. - - * * * * * - -This delicate little Rose is a most desirable variety, as it continues -in bloom all the summer, and is amongst those few that do not retire -till late in autumn. It is of a dwarf growth, inclinable to spread, and -sometimes almost creep upon the ground. In dry weather, the sun -frequently extracts so much of the colour from the outer petals as to -leave them almost bleached; which gives a comparatively richer -appearance to the centre. It then bears some resemblance, in its -flowers, to the larger Pompone Rose. - -The powerful transition it has experienced, from single to completely -double flowers, gives it a very different aspect from its original; but -in every other particular it is closely allied. Its bloom is durable, -and succession abundant. We however rather think it is of a tender -habit, not having seen any large plants of it. - -Our figure was taken from a luxuriant plant at the nursery of Mr. -Williams, at Turnham Green. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA alba, _semi-duplex_. - -_Semi-double White Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - Rosa germinibus ovatis, glabris: pedunculis hispidis: floribus - albis, semi-duplicibus: foliis sub-glaucis: foliolis ovatis, - acutis, ad margines serratis: caulis erecto-patens, superne - sub-glaber, ad basin aculeis rigidis instructus. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - Rose with smooth, egg-shaped seed-buds, and hispid peduncles. - Flowers white, and semi-double. Leaves nearly of a glaucous green. - Leaflets broadly egg-shaped, sharp-pointed, with serrated margins. - Stem between erect and spreading, nearly smooth on the upper part, - but furnished with strong spines towards the base. - - * * * * * - -This semi-double Rose so nearly resembles the single in its habit and -foliage, that it can only be regarded as a florescent variety; for, when -the plant is not in bloom, it is scarcely possible to distinguish the -one from the other: but when in flower it certainly forms a very -distinct appearance from its original, and is by far the more desirable -plant: not that its beauty is by any means considerable; but as it -preserves a regular progressive approach to completely double flowers, -(generally regarded as the perfection of the plant,) it is on that -account particularly estimable. Like its original, it is only retained -by those who wish to have every distinct Rose, to form a complete -collection. Its flowers are of a fine white, but not of long -continuance. The foliage is of a blueish or glaucous green. In habit, -its native origin (the wild species) is very discernible. It is at -present rather a scarce plant, from not possessing attraction sufficient -to recommend it as an object of general culture. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA spinosissima, _rubra_; _Var. flore pleno_. - -_Red Thorny Rose; Double-flowered Variety._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - Rosa germinibus sub-globosis, glabris: pedunculis hispidis: - floribus semi-duplicibus, incarnatis: foliis patentibus: foliolis - ovatis, costatis, crenatis: caule et petiolis aculeatissimis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - Rose with nearly round seed-buds, smooth. Peduncles hispid. Flowers - semi-double, and flesh-coloured. Leaves spreading. Leaflets ovate, - ribbed, and notched at the edges. Stem and petioles very prickly. - - * * * * * - -This fine semi-double Rose is generally known by the appellation of the -Double Red Scotch. It is evidently a thorny Rose, and powerfully -resembles the _spinosissima_ in most particulars except the flowers, -whose pale delicate character reminds us so much of the _Indica_, that, -were a flower detached from the plant, and compared with that -ever-blooming species in a confined mode of culture, the resemblance -would be found considerable. How or by whom it was first cultivated, we -have not been able to learn with any degree of certainty: it must, -therefore, with several other unavoidable deficiencies of the same -description, pass on till the conclusion of the work, when we shall be -better enabled to fill up these little chasms--at the same time that we -give a Dissertation on the Genus. - -Our figure was made from fine plants in the nursery of Messrs. Whitley -and Brames. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA Indica rubra. - -_Red Indian Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - Rosa germinibus subrotundis, pedunculisque leviter hispidis, - glabris, et nitidis: floribus rubris, magnis, odoratis: foliis - glabris, nitidis, et atro-purpureo-viridibus: petiolis aculeatis: - foliolis oblongis, et margine serratis: caule viridi, glabro, ad - basin spinis rubris. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - Rose with roundish seed-buds, and peduncles slightly hispid, - smooth, and shining: flowers red, large, and sweet-scented: leaves - smooth, shining, and of a dark purply green colour: petioles - prickly: leaflets oblong, and sawed at the edges: stem green, - smooth, with red thorns on the lower part. - - * * * * * - -The Indica rubra is regarded as the finest of the ever-blooming China -Roses. By some it is thought to be a distinct species, from the dark -colour and smaller size of its foliage: but this is most likely the -effect of its recent importation; and, when it becomes more familiarised -to our climate, may in part if not totally disappear. As a variety of -the Indica we think it may with propriety be considered, from the -flowers being sometimes found as pale as that species: a circumstance -that has not as yet occurred in the semperflorens already figured, -although it has been so many years in cultivation with us; and which -would doubtless have sometimes been the case, had it not been a distinct -species, as permanence of character, either in shape or colour, can -never be expected to characterize mere varieties. - -It was introduced last summer from China by T. Evans, esq. of Stepney, -and flowered first at the nursery of Messrs. Colville. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA Indica, _minor_. - -_Small Indian Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - Rosa germinibus subrotundis, pedunculisque leviter hispidis, - glabris: floribus parvis, carneis, semperflorentibus: foliis - glabris: petiolis aculeatis: foliolis oblongis, acutis, margine - serrulatis, glabris: caule viridi, ad basin spinis rubris. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - Rose with roundish seed-buds, and peduncles slightly hispid and - smooth: flowers small, flesh-coloured, and ever-blooming: leaves - smooth, and petioles prickly: leaflets oblong, pointed, with finely - serrated edges, and smooth: stem green, with red thorns on the - lower part. - - * * * * * - -This delicate little Rose was raised from seed of the Rosa Indica by Mr. -Colville, and can only be regarded as a variety of that favourite -species: but every material variation of a Rose that is in continual -bloom, will most probably be considered equally as interesting, as the -more specific distinction of any other whose beauty is lost to us above -half the year. The very short time this variety has been in cultivation -with us, precludes at present the possibility of ascertaining with -accuracy the latitude of its growth: as yet we have not seen any plant -above twice the size our figure represents, and never with larger -flowers; but frequently in very small plants the blossoms have scarcely -been an inch in diameter. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA Provincialis; _Var. flore pleno_. - -_Province Rose; Double-flowered Variety._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - Rosa geriminibus subglobosis, pedunculisque hispidis et - glandulosis: floribus saturate carneis, odoratissimis: foliolis - ovatis, acutis, serratis, et subtus villosis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - Rose with nearly round seed-buds, and peduncles hispid and - glandular: flowers of a deep flesh-colour, and very sweet-scented: - leaflets egg-shaped, pointed, sawed, and villose beneath. - - * * * * * - -This Rose is one of the most abundant, and, from being extremely common, -is perhaps best known, but the least valued. Yet, if fragrance and -beauty were instead of scarcity to fix a price, very few would be -deserving of a higher sum. - -We have sometimes seen this fine Rose, in well cultivated luxuriant -plants, acquire the height of nearly fifteen feet, adorning the front of -a house in a most elegant manner during the summer months. - -[Illustration] - - - - -Rosa Provincialis, _nana_. - -_Dwarf Province Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - Rosa germinibus sub-globosis, pedunculisque hispidis et - glandulosis: foliolis ovatis, margine serratis, subtus villosis: - floribus læte rubris, odoratis: caulis humilis, aculeis ramorum - sparsis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - Rose with nearly round seed-buds, and peduncles hispid and - glandular: leaflets egg-shaped, sawed at the edges, and villous - beneath: flowers of a fine red colour, and sweet-scented: stem low: - the prickles of the branches are scattered. - - * * * * * - -This Province Rose, of humble stature, is very sweetly scented. The -flowers are rather small, but very compact, and of a fine colour. We -have observed it for three successive summers, and have not perceived -any very material alteration in its character: but such is the latitude -in growth of this fine tribe, that it would not be possible to prescribe -exact bounds to the size, or limits to the height, of some luxuriant -plants in a rich congenial soil; and if under such circumstances this -Rose should be found to exceed our present delineation of it, there is -little doubt but amongst all the other varieties it would still be found -(comparatively) a dwarf plant. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA alba. - -_White Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - Rosa germinibus ovatis, glabris: pedunculis hispidis: floribus - albis: foliolis ovatis, acutis, ad margines serratis, subtus - leviter tomentosis: caulis erecto-patens, superne sub-glaber, ad - basin aculeis rigidis instructus. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - Rose with smooth egg-shaped seed-buds and hispid peduncles: flowers - white: leaflets ovate and pointed, with serrated margins, slightly - downy on the under side: stem between erect and spreading, nearly - smooth on the upper part, but furnished with strong spines towards - the base. - - * * * * * - -This Rose is a native of Britain, and considered as the first on the -list of Garden Roses removed from the common Hedge or Dog Rose, its -charming wild original. The flowers are very fugitive, so soon falling -off that a specimen in fine bloom is not easily procured. It is the -source of several fine varieties, and flowers during the summer months, -but is in very few collections. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA Caroliniana; _Var. flore pleno_. - -_Great Burnet-leaved Carolina Rose; Double-flowered Variety._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - Rosa germinibus globosis pedunculisque hispidis: petiolis - aculeatis: foliolis oblongis, acutis, serratis, nitidis: floribus - carneis, in centro inapertis: caule glabro: spinis ramorum sparsis - et oppositis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - Rose with round seed-buds and hispid peduncles: petioles prickly: - the leaflets are oblong, sharp-pointed, sawed, and shining: flowers - flesh-coloured, and unopened in the middle: stem smooth: the spines - of the branches are scattered and opposite. - - * * * * * - -In this double-flowered variety of the Great Burnet-leaved Carolina Rose -there is a variation much more powerful than many of the new species of -the present day could lay claim to, as nearly one half of the plant from -which our figure was made, in the garden of the Hon. W. Irby, was so -different both in shape and size, that they might easily pass for -distinct species; and had we not found them both on one plant, we should -have been inclined to consider them as such. A separate figure will -therefore be given of such a strong-marked difference of character, that -will probably illustrate the distinction actually existing between -varieties and species. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA semperflorens, _simplex_. - -_Single Ever-blooming Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - Rosa germinibus subrotundis, pedunculisque leviter hispidis, - glabris et nitidis: floribus simplicibus et rubris: foliolis - oblongis, acutis, glabris et nitidis, margine serrulatis: caule - viridi, glabro, ad basin spinis rubris. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - Rose with roundish seed-buds, and peduncles slightly hispid, - smooth, and shining: flowers single and red: leaflets oblong, - pointed, smooth and shining, with finely sawed margins: stem green, - smooth, with red thorns on the lower part. - - * * * * * - -This Rose is known by the appellation of diversifolia, a title equally -applicable to any other Rose. But were this the only objection, we are -not so much attached to novelty as to think the adoption of a more -appropriate term a sufficient compensation for the confusion which -alteration invariably produces. As the present subject, however, (of -recent introduction) is unquestionably the original or single of that -line semi-double ever-blooming Rose so well characterized by the title -of semperflorens, the species must therefore undoubtedly retain the -appropriate title which its fine variety has so long enjoyed. - -Our figure was made from a plant in the nursery of Messrs. Whitley. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA multiflora. - -_Many-flowered Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - Rosa germinibus subrotundis et pedunculis villosis: floribus - numerosis, confertis, parvis, multiplicatis, carneis, odoratis: - foliolis sub-ovatis, villosis: petiolis villosis et aculeatis: - caule viridi, glabro, cum aculeis sparsis. - - Habitat in Sinensi. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - Rose with roundish seed-buds and villous peduncles: flowers - numerous, crowded together, small, of many folds, flesh-coloured, - and sweet-scented: leaflets nearly egg-shaped, and hairy: petioles - villous and prickly: stem green, smooth, with scattered prickles. - - Native of China. - - * * * * * - -This beautiful plant was introduced by T. Evans, esq. amongst many -others, from China, that delightful region, where Flora reigns -unrivalled. Previous to its flowering it was regarded as a yellow Rose; -and although it has proved to be a very different plant, it has -exceeded, we believe, what was expected from it under its former -appellation. It is equally as hardy as any other Rose we are acquainted -with. The flowers are very fragrant; and its growth is so rapid, that a -small cutting rooted in the spring will in the course of the summer -become a fine large plant. The luxuriance of its crowded flowers -immediately pointed out the specific title of multiflora, by which -appellation we find it already described by Thunberg, and enumerated by -Willdenow. Our figure was made, from the only plant that has as yet -flowered in this country, at the nursery of Messrs. Colville in the -month of July; and from what we can at present judge of it, the three -summer months appeared to be the utmost period of its inflorescence. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA sulphurea. - -_Double Yellow Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - Rosa germinibus glabris, rotundato-planis: foliis ovalibus, - marginibus serratis, sub-glaucis: petiolis aculeatis: floribus - ramulos terminantibus: corollis flavis: petalis numerosis, - confertis: caule ramoso, spinis curvatis armato. - - Habitat in Oriente. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - Rose with smooth seed-buds flatly rounded: leaves oval, sawed at - the edges, and nearly glaucous: petioles prickly: flowers terminate - the smaller branches: blossom yellow: petals numerous, and crowded - together: stem branching, and armed with crooked spines. - - Native of the Levant. - - * * * * * - -This fine yellow Rose is a native of the Levant, and not to be met with -in flower in any of the nursery-grounds very near London. We have not -seen it even in a budding state nearer than Brentford, in the collection -of the Duke of Northumberland at Sion House, whence our drawing was -begun last year from a fine plant with numerous buds, not one of which -expanded sufficiently perfect for us to represent. To complete our -figure, we this year received some fine specimens communicated by the -Hon. W. Irby, collected from a gentleman’s garden in the neighbourhood -of Farnham, a distance of between twenty and thirty miles, and we -believe the nearest approximation to the metropolis in which it can be -found in perfect bloom. Even in the most congenial situations it is -subject to an irregularity of inflorescence, from the extreme complexity -of its petals, occasionally bursting at the sides, and destroying the -symmetry of its appearance. We have never seen it lighter in colour than -we have represented, certainly much too deep a yellow to exemplify the -pallid hue of sulphur. It flowers in the month of June, and was -introduced to this country in the year 1629. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA Cinnamomea, _multiplex_. - -_Double Cinnamon Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - Rosa germinibus globosis, glabris, et saturatè purpureis: floribus - petalis confertis: pedunculis glabris, ad basin bracteâ magnâ - instructis: foliis saturatè viridibus, rugosis, subtùs glaucis: - petiolis aculeatis: caule aculeato, cum spinis sparsis geminis. - - Habitat in Europâ Meridionali. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - Rose with round seed-buds, smooth, and of a dark purple colour: - flowers with crowded petals: footstalks smooth, and furnished at - the base with a large bract or floral leaf: leaves of a deep green, - and wrinkled, glaucous on the under side: footstalks prickly: stem - prickly, with scattered spines in pairs. - - Native of the South of Europe. - - * * * * * - -The odour of Cinnamon, which this early blooming Rose is supposed to -possess, has furnished it with a specific title by which it is well -known. It is a very old species, and said to have been introduced from -the south of Europe as long ago as the year 1569. Like all those roses -whose flowers are very double, the petals are subject to be disorganised -by the prevalence of easterly winds, to which its early bloom is liable. -It is only increased by layers, as the abundance of the petals absorbing -all the stamina precludes the fruit’s increase. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA Provincialis regalis. - -_Royal or Queen’s Province Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - Rosa germinibus sub-globosis: pedunculis et petiolis hispidè - glandulosis: foliis pinnatis: foliolis ovatis, acutis, subtùs - villosis: floribus semi-duplicibus, incarnatis, magnis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - Rose with nearly round seed-buds: peduncles and petioles hispidly - glandular: leaves winged: leaflets ovate, pointed, and villose - beneath: flowers semi-double, flesh-coloured, and large. - - * * * * * - -This fine semi-double Rose is known amongst cultivators by the -appellation of Royal or Queen’s Province, and considered as an excellent -forcing Rose, and much esteemed by those nurserymen who with the -assistance of the hot-stove bring flowers into a premature state of -inflorescence. Like all the other Province species, its natural period -of blooming is during the months of June and July. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA sempervirens. - -_Evergreen Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - Rosa germinibus ovatis: calycibus pedunculisque hispidis: petiolis - aculeatis: caule spinis curvatis rubris armato: floribus in sparsis - umbellis, bracteis lanceolatis, reflexis: corollis albis. - - Habitat in Germaniâ. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - Rose with egg-shaped seed-buds: empalements and peduncles hispid: - petioles prickly: stem armed with crooked red spines: flowers grow - in scattered umbels, with lance-shaped, reflexed floral leaves: - blossoms white. - - Native of Germany. - - * * * * * - -As a training Rose, this species is particularly estimable from the -rapidity of its growth. It also retains its leaves longer than most -roses, but is certainly, strictly speaking, not an evergreen. It so much -resembles the Rosa arvensis, that at first sight they might easily be -taken one for the other. It is a native of Germany, and was introduced -about the year 1629. Our drawing was made from a fine plant in the -collection of Isaac Swainson, esq. at Twickenham. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA Eglanteria Americana. - -_American Eglantine Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - Rosa germinibus sub-globosis, hispidis: pedunculis et petiolis - hispidè glandulosis: caule fruticoso, spinis sparsis, parvis, - rectis armato: ramis numerosis: floribus ramos singulariter - terminantibus: corollis semi-duplicibus, saturatè incarnatis: - foliis glabris, odoratis: foliolis ovatis. - - Habitat in Americâ Boreali. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - Rose with nearly round seed-buds, hispid: peduncles and petioles - hispidly glandular: stem shrubby, armed with small, straight, - scattered spines: branches numerous: flowers terminate the branches - singly: blossom semi-double, and of a deep flesh colour: leaves - smooth, and scented: leaflets egg-shaped. - - Native of North America. - - * * * * * - -This new species of Sweetbriar, we are informed, was introduced from -North America, about the year 1801, by Mr. Pope, a nurseryman near -Birmingham. The foliage is small, neat, and regular, but not so fragrant -as the leaves of the common Eglantine. The flowers are abundant, and of -a fine pinky colour whilst in perfection, but grow paler when going out -of bloom; in which state its size enlarges just before the petals fall -off. It is increased by seed and layers; but as it does not at present -seed freely, nor are the layers rapid in forming a root, it will most -probably continue for some time as a scarce rose. Our drawing was made -in the month of June, from a luxuriant plant in the nursery of Mr. -Williams, at Turnham Green. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA blanda. - -_Hudson’s Bay or Labradore Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - Rosa germinibus globosis: calycibus pedunculisque hispidis: caule - et ramis numerosis aculeis, rectis, rubris, horizontaliter sitis, - armatis: foliis pinnatis: foliolis oblongis, æqualiter serratis, et - lucidis: petiolis rubris, glabris, leviter armatis: floribus - sparsis: corollis rubris. - - Habitat in Americâ. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - Rose with globose seed-buds: empalements and peduncles hispid: stem - and branches armed with numerous prickles, straight, red, and - horizontally situated: leaves winged: leaflets oblong, equally - sawed, and shining: petioles red, smooth, and slightly armed: - flowers scattered: blossoms red. - - Native of America. - - * * * * * - -In the Hortus Kewensis we find this Rose described as having smooth -seed-buds and an unarmed stem; and the very reverse character being the -leading features by which our plant may at all times be discriminated, -induced us at first to imagine it might be a different species: but -finding upon inquiry amongst cultivators, that this Rose and no other is -perfectly known by the appellations of Rosa blanda, Hudson’s Bay or -Labradore Rose, we have therefore retained the name, but altered the -description. It is a very lively-looking little rose, whose bloom is -rather short in duration, but of quick succession, introduced to this -country in the year 1773. Our drawing was made from plants in the -nursery of Messrs. Loddige. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA centifolia, _holosericea_. - -_Velvet-flowered Hundred-leaved Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - Rosa germinibus sub-globosis, pedunculisque hispidis: caule et - petiolis hispidis, aculeatis: foliis pinnatis: foliolis ovatis, - subtùs villosis: floribus saturatè purpureis: corollis simplicibus, - semi-duplicibus, vel petalis plenis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - Rose with nearly round seed-buds, and peduncles hispid: stem and - petioles hispid and prickly: leaves winged: leaflets ovate, and - villose beneath: flowers of a deep purple colour: blossom single, - semi-double, or full of petals. - - * * * * * - -This species of Rose forms part of a section known by the appellation of -Centifolia, in which may be included many of the French and Dutch Roses, -whose general appearance is so nearly alike, that when out of bloom it -would be very difficult to distinguish one from the other. For what -reason it has acquired the specific title of centifolia we are at a loss -to guess, as it would be utterly impossible to find out a species by any -given number of leaves, which must ever depend on the size of the plant. -But as a very old species long usage has given it such a sanction, that -a more appropriate title would not be used in preference. - -Our drawing represents the single, semi-double, and completely -double-flowered velvet Roses, easily distinguished when in flower, but -when out of bloom not the slightest difference is discernible. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA Eglanteria, _major_. - -_Large Eglantine Rose, or Tree Sweetbriar._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - Rosa germinibus sub-globosis, pedunculisque hispidis: floribus - magnis, semi-duplicibus: foliis patentibus: foliolis ovatis, - magnis, marginibus glandulosis: caule et petiolis aculeis rubris - recurvis instructis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - Rose with nearly round seed-buds and hispid peduncles: flowers - large, and semi-double: leaves spreading: leaflets ovate, large, - and glandular on the edges: the stem and petioles are furnished - with prickles recurved and red. - - * * * * * - -This Eglantine Rose is the spontaneous effusion of nature in the -nursery-ground of Mr. Williams of Turnham Green, who informs me that he -found it on his premises in the year 1786, growing luxuriantly in the -midst of a hedge of single Sweetbriars. Its growth is so rapid, that it -will form shoots of seven and eight feet in one season; which joined to -the largeness of its flowers and foliage, induced us to adopt the -specific appellation of major, a title by which we think it may (at -present) be distinguished from any other, as the largest Sweetbriar we -have as yet seen is certainly altogether in size a minor, when compared -with this fine plant. Seeds, but not freely, and is propagated (slowly) -by layers. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA Eglanteria, _multiplex_. - -_Double Eglantine Rose, or Williams’s Sweetbriar._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - Rosa germinibus sub-globosis, pedunculisque hispidis et - glandulosis: floribus multipetalis: foliolis ovatis, glandulosis, - et pilosis: caule et petiolis aculeatis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - Rose with nearly round seed-buds, and peduncles hispid and - glandular: flowers of many petals: leaflets ovate, glandular, and - hairy: stem and petioles prickly. - - * * * * * - -Of all the fragrant-leaved Roses, this is certainly the finest, and for -which we are indebted to Mr. Williams, who discovered it in his nursery -about 23 years ago, growing promiscuously in the same Sweetbriar-bush -with the Eglanteria major; and although found vegetating at the same -time, and under the same auspices, yet is its character altogether very -different; this being as slow in growth as the other is quick. It is the -only Eglantine Rose at present known with perfectly double flowers, and -is with difficulty increased by layers, which are a long time in forming -a root; and the seeds, which it very rarely ripens, remain in the ground -a long time dormant. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA gracilis. - -_Slender Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - Rosa germinibus sub-globosis: pedunculis leviter hispidis, - gracilibus: floribus multipetalis, imbricatis, equalibus, - incarnatis. Caulis glaber, flexibilis: aculeis sparsis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - Rose with nearly round seed-buds, and peduncles slightly hispid and - slender: flowers of many petals, imbricated, equal, and - flesh-coloured. Stem smooth and flexible: spines scattered. - - * * * * * - -This delicate Rose was raised about the year 1796 by Mr. Shailer, -nurseryman, of Little Chelsea. It is as yet so little known, that a -dwarf variety of the Province is frequently sold for it; a mistake most -probably owing to its being commonly called amongst cultivators -Shailer’s Province Rose: but it certainly bears most resemblance to the -Rosa Indica, and is, as far as we can understand, a hybrid production -between the two species; and if so, it might come under the description -of variety only. But, whilst nature produces such distinct and beautiful -varieties, specific titles can only be regarded as a variation of terms. -It makes a most graceful appearance, from the drooping of its branches -and nodding of its flowers, whose close and numerous petals are too -heavy for its weak and slender stem to support. It appears to be a Rose -calculated to train against a trellis to great advantage. It is as hardy -as most Roses, and is increased (but not easily) by layers. Flowers -during the months of June and July. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA ferox. - -_Fierce or Hedge-Hog Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - Rosa germinibus globosis, pedunculisque glabris: foliis - quadrijugis, cum folio terminali: foliolis ovatis, rugosis, - serratis: petiolis aculeatis: caule aculeis numerosis rectis - albicantibus armato. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - Rose with round seed-buds and smooth peduncles: leaves composed of - four pairs, with a terminal leaf: leaflets ovate, wrinkled, and - serrate: footstalks prickly: stem armed with numerous straight - whitish thorns. - - * * * * * - -Of this distinct species of Rose we can gain but little information, as -it is not enumerated in Willdenow, at least not under our specific -title; but we are inclined to think his Rosa rugosa is meant for it, as -the description accords exactly with our figure. It is well known to -cultivators by the specific appellation of ferox,--we have therefore -retained it; although hystrix would have been a much better specific -title, as it seems by nature formed to be admired at a distance, from -the numerous large thorns with which the stem is surrounded, that appear -calculated to express the old adage of ‘Noli me tangere.’ - -Our drawing was made from a plant in the nursery of Messrs. Whitley and -Brame, in the month of June. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA glabra. - -_Smooth Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - Rosa germinibus ovatis: pedunculis et petiolis hispidis: floribus - multipetalis, equalibus: foliis glabris: foliolis oblongis, - acuminatis, serratis: caule glabro, sub-inermi. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - Rose with egg-shaped seed-buds: peduncles and footstalks hispid: - flowers with many petals and equal: leaves smooth: leaflets oblong, - pointed, and sawed: stem smooth, nearly without thorns. - - * * * * * - -This Rose was introduced to this country from Holland about the year -1802. The only title we have heard given to it by cultivators is Double -Thornless White Rose,--an appellation certainly not very descriptive of -the plant; for, although it is thornless on the upper part, yet at the -base of the stem it is thorny. The flowers are sometimes white, but we -have oftener seen them tinged with a pale pinky colour. In size and -shape they are like the Burgundy Rose, and in the foliage they resemble -the Rosa moschata, but are very distinct from either, and altogether -very different from any species with which we are at present acquainted. -It is slow of increase, as are all the distinctly new Roses we have -hitherto met with, which probably is (for a time) a genuine trait of -their originality. Our figure is from a plant in the nursery of Messrs. -Whitley and Brames, in the month of June 1808. - -[Illustration] - - - - -ROSA lurida. - -_Lurid Rose._ - - -CHARACTER SPECIFICUS. - - Rosa paniculis multifloris: germinibus globosis: foliis patentibus: - foliolis sub-glaucis, ovato-acuminatis, serratis: caule glabro - purpureo, pulvere violaceo tecto: aculeis paucis et recurvis. - - -SPECIFIC CHARACTER. - - Rose with many-flowered panicles: seed-buds globular: leaves - spreading: leaflets nearly glaucous, ovate-pointed, and sawed: stem - smooth and purple, covered with a violet-coloured powder: prickles - few and recurved. - - * * * * * - -This elegant Rose is said to be a native of Switzerland, and sent from -thence by Dr. Messear, about the year 1803, to the gardens of Isaac -Swainson, esq. at Twickenham; whence our figure was taken. It is not, we -believe, at present in any other collection in this kingdom. It has so -perfect an air of novelty, that amongst the numerous Roses daily ycleped -new, this is one of the very very few to which a separate and distinct -character may justly be applied. Flowers during the months of June and -July, is of rapid growth, and forms a tall and bushy shrub. - -[Illustration] - -*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ROSES: *** - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the -United States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part -of this license, apply to copying and distributing Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm -concept and trademark. Project Gutenberg is a registered trademark, -and may not be used if you charge for an eBook, except by following -the terms of the trademark license, including paying royalties for use -of the Project Gutenberg trademark. If you do not charge anything for -copies of this eBook, complying with the trademark license is very -easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose such as creation -of derivative works, reports, performances and research. Project -Gutenberg eBooks may be modified and printed and given away--you may -do practically ANYTHING in the United States with eBooks not protected -by U.S. copyright law. Redistribution is subject to the trademark -license, especially commercial redistribution. - -START: FULL LICENSE - -THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE -PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK - -To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free -distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work -(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project -Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full -Project Gutenberg-tm License available with this file or online at -www.gutenberg.org/license. - -Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic works - -1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to -and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property -(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all -the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or -destroy all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your -possession. If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a -Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound -by the terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the -person or entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph -1.E.8. - -1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be -used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who -agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few -things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works -even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See -paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this -agreement and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic works. See paragraph 1.E below. - -1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the -Foundation" or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection -of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual -works in the collection are in the public domain in the United -States. If an individual work is unprotected by copyright law in the -United States and you are located in the United States, we do not -claim a right to prevent you from copying, distributing, performing, -displaying or creating derivative works based on the work as long as -all references to Project Gutenberg are removed. Of course, we hope -that you will support the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting -free access to electronic works by freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm -works in compliance with the terms of this agreement for keeping the -Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with the work. You can easily -comply with the terms of this agreement by keeping this work in the -same format with its attached full Project Gutenberg-tm License when -you share it without charge with others. - -1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern -what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are -in a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, -check the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this -agreement before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, -distributing or creating derivative works based on this work or any -other Project Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no -representations concerning the copyright status of any work in any -country other than the United States. - -1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: - -1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other -immediate access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear -prominently whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work -on which the phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the -phrase "Project Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, -performed, viewed, copied or distributed: - - This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and - most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no - restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it - under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this - eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the - United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where - you are located before using this eBook. - -1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is -derived from texts not protected by U.S. copyright law (does not -contain a notice indicating that it is posted with permission of the -copyright holder), the work can be copied and distributed to anyone in -the United States without paying any fees or charges. If you are -redistributing or providing access to a work with the phrase "Project -Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the work, you must comply -either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 or -obtain permission for the use of the work and the Project Gutenberg-tm -trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. - -1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted -with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution -must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any -additional terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms -will be linked to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works -posted with the permission of the copyright holder found at the -beginning of this work. - -1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm -License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this -work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. - -1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this -electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without -prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with -active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project -Gutenberg-tm License. - -1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, -compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including -any word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access -to or distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format -other than "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official -version posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm website -(www.gutenberg.org), you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense -to the user, provide a copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means -of obtaining a copy upon request, of the work in its original "Plain -Vanilla ASCII" or other form. Any alternate format must include the -full Project Gutenberg-tm License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. - -1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, -performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works -unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. - -1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing -access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works -provided that: - -* You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from - the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method - you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is owed - to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he has - agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the Project - Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments must be paid - within 60 days following each date on which you prepare (or are - legally required to prepare) your periodic tax returns. Royalty - payments should be clearly marked as such and sent to the Project - Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the address specified in - Section 4, "Information about donations to the Project Gutenberg - Literary Archive Foundation." - -* You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies - you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he - does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm - License. You must require such a user to return or destroy all - copies of the works possessed in a physical medium and discontinue - all use of and all access to other copies of Project Gutenberg-tm - works. - -* You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of - any money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the - electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days of - receipt of the work. - -* You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free - distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. - -1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic work or group of works on different terms than -are set forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing -from the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the manager of -the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the Foundation as set -forth in Section 3 below. - -1.F. - -1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable -effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread -works not protected by U.S. copyright law in creating the Project -Gutenberg-tm collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may -contain "Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate -or corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other -intellectual property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or -other medium, a computer virus, or computer codes that damage or -cannot be read by your equipment. - -1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right -of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project -Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project -Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all -liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal -fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT -LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE -PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE -TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE -LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR -INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH -DAMAGE. - -1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a -defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can -receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a -written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you -received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium -with your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you -with the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in -lieu of a refund. If you received the work electronically, the person -or entity providing it to you may choose to give you a second -opportunity to receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If -the second copy is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing -without further opportunities to fix the problem. - -1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth -in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS', WITH NO -OTHER WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT -LIMITED TO WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. - -1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied -warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of -damages. If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement -violates the law of the state applicable to this agreement, the -agreement shall be interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or -limitation permitted by the applicable state law. The invalidity or -unenforceability of any provision of this agreement shall not void the -remaining provisions. - -1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the -trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone -providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in -accordance with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the -production, promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic works, harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, -including legal fees, that arise directly or indirectly from any of -the following which you do or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this -or any Project Gutenberg-tm work, (b) alteration, modification, or -additions or deletions to any Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any -Defect you cause. - -Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm - -Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of -electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of -computers including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It -exists because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations -from people in all walks of life. - -Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the -assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's -goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will -remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project -Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure -and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future -generations. To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary -Archive Foundation and how your efforts and donations can help, see -Sections 3 and 4 and the Foundation information page at -www.gutenberg.org - -Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary -Archive Foundation - -The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non-profit -501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the -state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal -Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification -number is 64-6221541. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg Literary -Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent permitted by -U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. - -The Foundation's business office is located at 809 North 1500 West, -Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887. Email contact links and up -to date contact information can be found at the Foundation's website -and official page at www.gutenberg.org/contact - -Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg -Literary Archive Foundation - -Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without -widespread public support and donations to carry out its mission of -increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be -freely distributed in machine-readable form accessible by the widest -array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations -($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt -status with the IRS. - -The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating -charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United -States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a -considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up -with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations -where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To SEND -DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any particular -state visit www.gutenberg.org/donate - -While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we -have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition -against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who -approach us with offers to donate. - -International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make -any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from -outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. - -Please check the Project Gutenberg web pages for current donation -methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other -ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. To -donate, please visit: www.gutenberg.org/donate - -Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works - -Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project -Gutenberg-tm concept of a library of electronic works that could be -freely shared with anyone. For forty years, he produced and -distributed Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of -volunteer support. - -Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed -editions, all of which are confirmed as not protected by copyright in -the U.S. unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not -necessarily keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper -edition. - -Most people start at our website which has the main PG search -facility: www.gutenberg.org - -This website includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, -including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary -Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to -subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. |