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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d7b82bc --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +*.txt text eol=lf +*.htm text eol=lf +*.html text eol=lf +*.md text eol=lf diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d9f2a60 --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #65498 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/65498) diff --git a/old/65498-0.txt b/old/65498-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 9dd943b..0000000 --- a/old/65498-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,620 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg eBook of Manasses (Bull Run) National Battlefield -Park (1953), by Anonymous - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and -most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you -will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before -using this eBook. - -Title: Manasses (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park (1953) - -Author: Anonymous - -Release Date: June 4, 2021 [eBook #65498] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -Produced by: Stephen Hutcheson and the Online Distributed Proofreading - Team at https://www.pgdp.net - -*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MANASSES (BULL RUN) NATIONAL -BATTLEFIELD PARK (1953) *** - - Cover: The Stone House. From a wartime photograph - - - - - Manassas - (_Bull Run_) - National Battlefield Park - - - [Illustration: uncaptioned] - - - [Illustration: Seals] - - DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR - March 3, 1849 - NATIONAL PARK SERVICE - DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR - - UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR - DOUGLAS McKAY, _Secretary_ - National Park Service - Conrad L. Wirth, _Director_ - - REPRINT 1953 U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1953 O-F—237985 - - _Here was fought the opening field battle of the Civil War and here a - year later a Confederate victory led to Lee’s first invasion of the - North._ - - -Manassas National Battlefield Park commemorates two great battles of the -War Between the States fought in the vicinity of Bull Run, a small -stream in northern Virginia about 26 miles southwest of Washington, D. -C. The military significance of the Manassas area lay in the junction of -two railroads. The Orange and Alexandria Railway, which offered the only -direct rail connection between Washington and Richmond, was joined there -by the Manassas Gap Railroad, a direct route to the strategically -important Shenandoah Valley. - -The opening battle of the war found ill-trained citizen armies of the -North and South engaged in a struggle for this strategic railroad -junction. On an eminence, known as Henry House Hill, 6 miles north of -Manassas, Confederate arms finally put to rout the Federal force. This -victory, the English historian Fuller points out, was very important -because it led “Southern politicians... to underestimate the fighting -capacity of the enemy” and because it “so terrified Lincoln and his -Government, that from now onwards until 1864, east of the Alleghanies, -the defense of Washington became the pivot of Northern strategy.” - -Approximately a year later, both armies, now composed of seasoned -veterans, were locked in a bitter struggle on the same field. After -heavy fighting, the Federal Army was forced back upon the defenses of -Washington. Second Manassas stands with Chancellorsville as one of the -two most significant Confederate victories of the war—in both cases the -military result was invasion of the North. After Second Manassas came -Antietam; after Chancellorsville came Gettysburg. - - -First Battle of Manassas -_July 21, 1861_ - -The Manassas campaign began shortly after the outbreak of hostilities in -1861. Twenty-four days after the firing on Fort Sumter, Lee ordered the -fortification of Manassas Junction, and 7 days later Beauregard took -command of these defenses. Meanwhile, the North clamored for a quick -move to capture Richmond and end the war. Forced on by this popular -pressure, McDowell launched his drive on July 16 with an army composed -chiefly of 3-months volunteers. He planned to attack the Confederate -forces at Manassas while Patterson prevented a Confederate Army, under -Gen. J. E. Johnston, from leaving Winchester and reinforcing Beauregard. -Patterson’s failure to do his part contributed heavily to McDowell’s -defeat. - -Action began on July 18th, when a part of McDowell’s forces was repulsed -at Blackburn’s Ford by Longstreet’s brigade. Finding the Confederates -intrenched along Bull Run in about an 8-mile line, McDowell determined -to turn their left flank at the Stone Bridge. On July 21, he made a -feint attack on Evans’ men near the bridge and sent his main column -around by Sudley Ford to strike the Confederate rear. Evans accidentally -learned of the march and moved his small force to meet it. Reinforced by -Bee and Bartow, he made a gallant stand on the hills north of the -Warrenton Turnpike. The pressure of the Federal attack, however, was -overwhelming. Burnside, Porter, and Heintzelman, later joined by -Sherman, struck the small Confederate force and drove it back across the -pike in disorder. - - [Illustration: _General Beauregard_] - - [Illustration: _General McDowell_] - - [Illustration: _General Jackson_] - - [Illustration: _General Pope_] - -Gen. Thomas J. Jackson, marching from Mitchell’s Ford to support Bee, -Bartow, and Evans, reached Henry House Hill before noon. Deploying his -valley regiments behind the eastern crest of the hill, Jackson awaited -attack from the victorious Federal forces. Behind the Robinson House, -400 yards north, Bee was striving to rally his disorganized troops. -Pointing to Jackson’s line, he shouted: “Look! There stands Jackson like -a stone wall! Rally behind the Virginians!” Bee’s men echoed the shout -and formed on their colors. “Stonewall” Jackson had won his immortal -name. - -McDowell threw portions of four brigades against Jackson’s position in a -daring offensive. At the height of the attack Ricketts’ and Griffin’s -Federal batteries were advanced to Henry House Hill directly facing -Jackson’s line. The guns were captured and recaptured in confused -fighting, but the arrival of additional Confederate troops from -Winchester turned the tide of battle. The desperate Confederate defense -was changed to an attack, which routed the Union Army and forced it back -upon Washington. The Federal strength of the battle was 35,732, losses -2,708; Confederate strength 31,810, losses 1,982. - -The Confederates failed to follow up their victory. Instead, Johnston’s -army settled itself at Centreville and Manassas. There they constructed -fortified camps which were occupied until the spring of 1862, when the -position was abandoned in an effort to counter the Union advance on -Richmond from the Peninsula. - - [Illustration: _The Ruins of the Stone Bridge. From a wartime - photograph._] - - -Second Battle of Manassas -_August 28-30, 1862_ - -After McClellan’s failure to take Richmond in the Peninsula Campaign, -the Union forces covering Washington were consolidated under Pope and -ordered to advance along the Orange and Alexandria Railway toward -Gordonsville. At Cedar Mountain, on August 9, Pope’s advance met Jackson -in the first battle of the campaign. Weeks of skirmish and maneuver -followed, as Lee moved to defeat Pope before McClellan’s troops from the -Peninsula could join him. Pope withdrew from the Rapidan to the -Rappahannock, to which he held tenaciously. In one of the most daring -exploits of the war Lee divided his forces and sent Jackson by a flank -march to Manassas in the rear of the Federals. Here the Confederates -seized the Union supply base on August 26. After a day of plenty for the -poorly fed troops, the stores were destroyed, and Jackson withdrew -northward across the Warrenton Turnpike to a concealed position in the -woods near Groveton. Securely intrenched behind the embankment of an -unfinished railroad, he looked southeast over the old battlefield of -Bull Run. Lee, following Jackson from the Rappahannock with Longstreet’s -wing of five divisions, reached Thoroughfare Gap at nightfall, August -28. A small Federal force had taken possession of the gap, but it was -thrust out, and the way was clear for a reunion of the Confederate -Armies. - -Bewildered by news of the Confederate raid on his communications, Pope -withdrew from the Rappahannock and began concentrating in the vicinity -of Manassas Junction. On the 29th, he threw his whole force against -Jackson. While the battle raged north of Groveton, Longstreet turned -into the Warrenton Turnpike at Gainesville and, marching unopposed -toward Groveton, joined Johnston and extended the Confederate line -southward across the pike. - -Early on the 30th, Pope, ignorant of Longstreet’s arrival, renewed the -battle with a drive against Jackson’s line, which he thought was -withdrawing. As the attacking column staggered under the raking fire of -Confederate batteries, Jackson delivered a furious counterstroke. At -this juncture Longstreet wheeled his line northeast, swept over Bald -Hill, and drove on toward the pike. Only a resolute stand of Federal -troops on Henry House Hill prevented Pope’s lines of retreat from being -cut and enabled him to fall back eastward over Bull Run to Centreville. -On September 1, Pope foiled a second Confederate attempt to cut across -his line of retreat in a desperately contested action at Ox Hill -(Chantilly) and then retired to the defenses of Washington. Lee prepared -to invade Maryland. - - [Illustration: _Administration—Museum Building_] - -The Federal strength at the battle was approximately 73,000, losses -14,462. Confederate strength at the battle was approximately 55,000, -losses 9,474. - - -The Park - -Manassas National Battlefield Park was designated a Federal area May 10, -1940. The 1,670.74 acres of federally owned land in the park comprise -portions of the two battlefields. Henry House Hill constitutes the most -significant site within the park, providing a panoramic sweep of the -whole battle area. Here are located the Administration-Museum Building -and the equestrian statue of Stonewall Jackson. The historic Stone -House, which served as a field hospital in both battles and is one of -the most prominent landmarks on the field, is also preserved. - - -Related Areas - -Other areas in Virginia of the Civil War period, which the National Park -Service administers, are: Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania National -Military Park, Richmond National Battlefield Park, Petersburg National -Military Park, and Appomattox Court House National Monument. - - -Service to the Public - -A modern museum and battlefield markers are features of the park’s -interpretive program. The museum, which is open daily from 9 a. m. to 5 -p. m., presents exhibits in such a way as to develop the story of the -battles in narrative sequence. Free leaflets, library facilities, and -interpretive services are also available at the museum. Special tours -can be arranged for organizations and groups if advance notice is given -to the superintendent. - - -How to Reach the Park - -The park is situated in Prince William County, Virginia, 26 miles -southwest of Washington, D. C. U. S. Nos. 29 and 211 intersect State -Highway 234 at the park boundary. - - -Administration - -Manassas National Battlefield Park is a part of the National Park System -owned by the people of the United States and administered for them by -the National Park Service of the United States Department of the -Interior. Communications should be addressed to the Superintendent, -Manassas National Battlefield Park, Manassas, Va. - - [Illustration: MANASSES - NATIONAL BATTLEFIELD PARK - VIRGINIA - Drawn by E. F. Berry - Jan. 1949 NBP-MAN 7002] - - - - - Transcriber’s Notes - - -—Silently corrected a few typos. - -—Retained publication information from the printed edition: this eBook - is public-domain in the country of publication. - -—In the text versions only, text in italics is delimited by - _underscores_. - - - -*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MANASSES (BULL RUN) NATIONAL -BATTLEFIELD PARK (1953) *** - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the -United States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part -of this license, apply to copying and distributing Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm -concept and trademark. 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text-align:justify; clear:both; } -dl.biblio dt div { display:block; float:left; margin-left:-6em; width:6em; clear:both; } -dl.biblio dt.center { margin-left:0em; text-align:center; text-indent:0; } -dl.biblio dd { margin-top:.3em; margin-left:3em; text-align:justify; font-size:90%; } -p.biblio { margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em; } -.clear { clear:both; } -p.book { margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em; } -p.review { margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em; font-size:80%; } -p.pcap { margin-left:0em; text-indent:0; text-align:center; margin-top:0; font-size:90%; font-style:italic; font-weight:bold; } -p.pcap .sc, p.pcap .ssn { font-style:normal; } -p.pcapc { margin-left:4.7em; text-indent:0em; text-align:justify; } -span.attr { font-size:80%; font-family:sans-serif; } -span.pn { display:inline-block; width:4.7em; text-align:left; margin-left:0; text-indent:0; } -</style> -</head> -<body> - -<div style='text-align:center; font-size:1.2em; font-weight:bold'>The Project Gutenberg eBook of Manasses (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park (1953), by Anonymous</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and -most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online -at <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a>. If you -are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the -country where you are located before using this eBook. -</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Title: Manasses (Bull Run) National Battlefield Park (1953)</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Author: Anonymous</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Release Date: June 4, 2021 [eBook #65498]</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Language: English</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Character set encoding: UTF-8</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Produced by: Stephen Hutcheson and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net</div> - -<div style='margin-top:2em; margin-bottom:4em'>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MANASSES (BULL RUN) NATIONAL BATTLEFIELD PARK (1953) ***</div> -<div id="cover" class="img"> -<img id="coverpage" src="images/cover.jpg" alt="Manassas National Battlefield Park, Virginia" width="1000" height="1490" /> -</div> -<p class="pcap"><span class="sc">Cover:</span> The Stone House. From a wartime photograph</p> -<div class="box"> -<h1><span class="ss">Manassas</span> -<br /><span class="smaller">(<i>Bull Run</i>)</span> -<br /><span class="smallest">National Battlefield Park</span></h1> -<div class="img"> -<img src="images/p01.jpg" id="ncfig1" alt="uncaptioned" width="800" height="354" /> -</div> -<hr class="dwide" /> -<div class="img"> -<img src="images/p01d.jpg" id="ncfig2" alt="Seals" width="491" height="300" /> -</div> -<p class="center smaller"><span class="ssn">DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR -<br />March 3, 1849 -<br />NATIONAL PARK SERVICE -<br />DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR</span></p> -<p class="center small"><b>UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR -<br />DOUGLAS McKAY, <i>Secretary</i> -<br />National Park Service -<br />Conrad L. Wirth, <i>Director</i></b></p> -<p class="center smallest"><span class="ssn">REPRINT 1953</span> <span class="hst"><span class="ssn">U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1953 O-F—237985</span></span></p> -</div> -<blockquote> -<div class="pb" id="Page_1">1</div> -<p><i class="b">Here was fought the opening field battle of the Civil -War and here a year later a Confederate victory -led to Lee’s first invasion of the North.</i></p> -</blockquote> -<p class="tb">Manassas National Battlefield Park commemorates -two great battles of the War -Between the States fought in the vicinity of -Bull Run, a small stream in northern Virginia -about 26 miles southwest of Washington, D. C. -The military significance of the Manassas area -lay in the junction of two railroads. The Orange -and Alexandria Railway, which offered the only -direct rail connection between Washington and -Richmond, was joined there by the Manassas -Gap Railroad, a direct route to the strategically -important Shenandoah Valley.</p> -<p>The opening battle of the war found ill-trained -citizen armies of the North and South -engaged in a struggle for this strategic railroad -junction. On an eminence, known as Henry -House Hill, 6 miles north of Manassas, Confederate -arms finally put to rout the Federal -force. This victory, the English historian Fuller -points out, was very important because it led -“Southern politicians... to underestimate the -fighting capacity of the enemy” and because it -“so terrified Lincoln and his Government, that -from now onwards until 1864, east of the Alleghanies, -the defense of Washington became the -pivot of Northern strategy.”</p> -<p>Approximately a year later, both armies, now -composed of seasoned veterans, were locked in -a bitter struggle on the same field. After heavy -fighting, the Federal Army was forced back -upon the defenses of Washington. Second -Manassas stands with Chancellorsville as one of -the two most significant Confederate victories -of the war—in both cases the military result -was invasion of the North. After Second Manassas -came Antietam; after Chancellorsville -came Gettysburg.</p> -<h3 id="c1">First Battle of Manassas -<br /><i class="small">July 21, 1861</i></h3> -<p>The Manassas campaign began shortly after -the outbreak of hostilities in 1861. Twenty-four -<span class="pb" id="Page_2">2</span> -days after the firing on Fort Sumter, Lee ordered -the fortification of Manassas Junction, and 7 -days later Beauregard took command of these -defenses. Meanwhile, the North clamored for a -quick move to capture Richmond and end the -war. Forced on by this popular pressure, -McDowell launched his drive on July 16 with -an army composed chiefly of 3-months volunteers. -He planned to attack the Confederate -forces at Manassas while Patterson prevented a -Confederate Army, under Gen. J. E. Johnston, -from leaving Winchester and reinforcing -Beauregard. Patterson’s failure to do his part -contributed heavily to McDowell’s defeat.</p> -<p>Action began on July 18th, when a part of -McDowell’s forces was repulsed at Blackburn’s -Ford by Longstreet’s brigade. Finding the Confederates -intrenched along Bull Run in about -an 8-mile line, McDowell determined to turn -their left flank at the Stone Bridge. On July 21, -he made a feint attack on Evans’ men near the -bridge and sent his main column around by -Sudley Ford to strike the Confederate rear. -Evans accidentally learned of the march and -moved his small force to meet it. Reinforced by -Bee and Bartow, he made a gallant stand on the -hills north of the Warrenton Turnpike. The -pressure of the Federal attack, however, was -overwhelming. Burnside, Porter, and Heintzelman, -later joined by Sherman, struck the small -Confederate force and drove it back across the -pike in disorder.</p> -<div class="img" id="fig1"> -<img src="images/p01e.jpg" alt="" width="408" height="600" /> -<p class="pcap"><i>General Beauregard</i></p> -</div> -<div class="img" id="fig2"> -<img src="images/p01f.jpg" alt="" width="408" height="600" /> -<p class="pcap"><i>General McDowell</i></p> -</div> -<div class="img" id="fig3"> -<img src="images/p01g.jpg" alt="" width="388" height="600" /> -<p class="pcap"><i>General Jackson</i></p> -</div> -<div class="img" id="fig4"> -<img src="images/p01h.jpg" alt="" width="397" height="600" /> -<p class="pcap"><i>General Pope</i></p> -</div> -<p>Gen. Thomas J. Jackson, marching from -Mitchell’s Ford to support Bee, Bartow, and -Evans, reached Henry House Hill before noon. -Deploying his valley regiments behind the -eastern crest of the hill, Jackson awaited attack -from the victorious Federal forces. Behind the -Robinson House, 400 yards north, Bee was -striving to rally his disorganized troops. Pointing -to Jackson’s line, he shouted: “Look! There -stands Jackson like a stone wall! Rally behind -the Virginians!” Bee’s men echoed the shout -and formed on their colors. “Stonewall” Jackson -had won his immortal name.</p> -<p>McDowell threw portions of four brigades -against Jackson’s position in a daring offensive. -At the height of the attack Ricketts’ and -Griffin’s Federal batteries were advanced to -Henry House Hill directly facing Jackson’s line. -The guns were captured and recaptured in confused -fighting, but the arrival of additional Confederate -troops from Winchester turned the tide -of battle. The desperate Confederate defense -was changed to an attack, which routed the -Union Army and forced it back upon Washington. -The Federal strength of the battle was -35,732, losses 2,708; Confederate strength -31,810, losses 1,982.</p> -<p>The Confederates failed to follow up their -victory. Instead, Johnston’s army settled itself -at Centreville and Manassas. There they constructed -fortified camps which were occupied -until the spring of 1862, when the position was -abandoned in an effort to counter the Union -advance on Richmond from the Peninsula.</p> -<div class="pb" id="Page_3">3</div> -<div class="img" id="fig5"> -<img src="images/p02.jpg" alt="" width="1200" height="622" /> -<p class="pcap"><i>The Ruins of the Stone Bridge. From a wartime photograph.</i></p> -</div> -<h3 id="c2">Second Battle of Manassas -<br /><i class="small">August 28-30, 1862</i></h3> -<p>After McClellan’s failure to take Richmond in -the Peninsula Campaign, the Union forces -covering Washington were consolidated under -Pope and ordered to advance along the Orange -and Alexandria Railway toward Gordonsville. -At Cedar Mountain, on August 9, Pope’s advance -met Jackson in the first battle of the -campaign. Weeks of skirmish and maneuver -followed, as Lee moved to defeat Pope before -McClellan’s troops from the Peninsula could -join him. Pope withdrew from the Rapidan -to the Rappahannock, to which he held tenaciously. -In one of the most daring exploits of -the war Lee divided his forces and sent Jackson -by a flank march to Manassas in the rear of the -Federals. Here the Confederates seized the -Union supply base on August 26. After a day -of plenty for the poorly fed troops, the stores -were destroyed, and Jackson withdrew northward -across the Warrenton Turnpike to a concealed -position in the woods near Groveton. -Securely intrenched behind the embankment of -an unfinished railroad, he looked southeast over -the old battlefield of Bull Run. Lee, following -Jackson from the Rappahannock with Longstreet’s -wing of five divisions, reached Thoroughfare -Gap at nightfall, August 28. A small -Federal force had taken possession of the gap, -but it was thrust out, and the way was clear for -a reunion of the Confederate Armies.</p> -<p>Bewildered by news of the Confederate raid -on his communications, Pope withdrew from -the Rappahannock and began concentrating in -the vicinity of Manassas Junction. On the 29th, -he threw his whole force against Jackson. -While the battle raged north of Groveton, -Longstreet turned into the Warrenton Turnpike -at Gainesville and, marching unopposed toward -Groveton, joined Johnston and extended the -Confederate line southward across the pike.</p> -<p>Early on the 30th, Pope, ignorant of Longstreet’s -arrival, renewed the battle with a drive -against Jackson’s line, which he thought was -withdrawing. As the attacking column staggered -under the raking fire of Confederate batteries, -Jackson delivered a furious counterstroke. At -this juncture Longstreet wheeled his line northeast, -swept over Bald Hill, and drove on toward -the pike. Only a resolute stand of Federal troops -on Henry House Hill prevented Pope’s lines of -retreat from being cut and enabled him to fall -back eastward over Bull Run to Centreville. On -September 1, Pope foiled a second Confederate -attempt to cut across his line of retreat in a desperately -contested action at Ox Hill (Chantilly) -<span class="pb" id="Page_4">4</span> -and then retired to the defenses of Washington. -Lee prepared to invade Maryland.</p> -<div class="img" id="fig6"> -<img src="images/p03.jpg" alt="" width="1200" height="589" /> -<p class="pcap"><i>Administration—Museum Building</i></p> -</div> -<p>The Federal strength at the battle was approximately -73,000, losses 14,462. Confederate -strength at the battle was approximately 55,000, -losses 9,474.</p> -<h3 id="c3">The Park</h3> -<p>Manassas National Battlefield Park was designated -a Federal area May 10, 1940. The 1,670.74 -acres of federally owned land in the park comprise -portions of the two battlefields. Henry -House Hill constitutes the most significant site -within the park, providing a panoramic sweep -of the whole battle area. Here are located the -Administration-Museum Building and the -equestrian statue of Stonewall Jackson. The -historic Stone House, which served as a field -hospital in both battles and is one of the most -prominent landmarks on the field, is also -preserved.</p> -<h3 id="c4">Related Areas</h3> -<p>Other areas in Virginia of the Civil War -period, which the National Park Service administers, -are: Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania -National Military Park, Richmond National -Battlefield Park, Petersburg National Military -Park, and Appomattox Court House National -Monument.</p> -<h3 id="c5">Service to the Public</h3> -<p>A modern museum and battlefield markers are -features of the park’s interpretive program. The -museum, which is open daily from 9 a. m. to -5 p. m., presents exhibits in such a way as to -develop the story of the battles in narrative sequence. -Free leaflets, library facilities, and interpretive -services are also available at the museum. -Special tours can be arranged for organizations -and groups if advance notice is given to the -superintendent.</p> -<h3 id="c6">How to Reach the Park</h3> -<p>The park is situated in Prince William County, -Virginia, 26 miles southwest of Washington, -D. C. U. S. Nos. 29 and 211 intersect State -Highway 234 at the park boundary.</p> -<h3 id="c7">Administration</h3> -<p>Manassas National Battlefield Park is a part of -the National Park System owned by the people -of the United States and administered for them -by the National Park Service of the United -States Department of the Interior. Communications -should be addressed to the Superintendent, -Manassas National Battlefield Park, Manassas, -Va.</p> -<div class="pb" id="Page_5">5</div> -<div class="img" id="fig7"> -<img src="images/p10.png" alt="" width="1200" height="851" /> -<p class="pcap"><span class="ssn"><span class="large">MANASSES -<br />NATIONAL BATTLEFIELD PARK</span> -<br /><span class="small">VIRGINIA</span> -<br /><span class="smallest">Drawn by E. F. Berry -<br />Jan. 1949 NBP-MAN 7002</span></span></p> -</div> -<h2>Transcriber’s Notes</h2> -<ul> -<li>Silently corrected a few typos.</li> -<li>Retained publication information from the printed edition: this eBook is public-domain in the country of publication.</li> -<li>In the text versions only, text in italics is delimited by _underscores_.</li> -</ul> -<div style='display:block; margin-top:4em'>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MANASSES (BULL RUN) NATIONAL BATTLEFIELD PARK (1953) ***</div> -<div style='text-align:left'> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> -Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions will -be renamed. -</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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