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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d7b82bc --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +*.txt text eol=lf +*.htm text eol=lf +*.html text eol=lf +*.md text eol=lf diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2c4156b --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #64756 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/64756) diff --git a/old/64756-0.txt b/old/64756-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 90d5e31..0000000 --- a/old/64756-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,891 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg eBook of General Harmar's Campaign, by Anonymous - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and -most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you -will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before -using this eBook. - -Title: General Harmar's Campaign - -Author: Anonymous - -Release Date: March 08, 2021 [eBook #64756] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -Produced by: Stephen Hutcheson and the Online Distributed Proofreading - Team at https://www.pgdp.net - -*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GENERAL HARMAR'S CAMPAIGN *** - - - - - GENERAL HARMAR’S CAMPAIGN - - - Prepared by the Staff of the - Public Library of Fort Wayne and Allen County - 1954 - - [Illustration: Boards of the Public Library of Fort Wayne and Allen - County] - -One of a historical series, this pamphlet is published under the -direction of the governing Boards of the Public Library of Fort Wayne -and Allen County. - - BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE SCHOOL CITY OF FORT WAYNE - - _B.F. Geyer, President_ - _Joseph E. Kramer, Secretary_ - _W. Page Yarnelle, Treasurer_ - _Mrs. Sadie Fulk Roehrs_ - _Willard Shambaugh_ - - PUBLIC LIBRARY BOARD FOR ALLEN COUNTY - -The members of this Board include the members of the Board of Trustees -of the School City of Fort Wayne (with the same officers) together with -the following citizens chosen from Allen County outside the corporate -City of Fort Wayne: - - _James E. Graham_ - _Arthur Nieneier_ - _Mrs. Glenn Henderson_ - _Mrs. Charles Reynolds_ - - - - - FOREWORD - - -General Josiah Harmar’s ill-fated campaign in 1790 was the first of -three historic expeditions against the Indians in the Old Northwest. The -defeat of General Arthur St. Clair followed in 1791, and the victory of -General Anthony Wayne in 1794. - -The first article in this pamphlet identifies the exact sites of the -Indian villages around the three rivers. The destruction of these -villages was one of the objectives of Harmar’s campaign. The journal of -one of Harmar’s soldiers and admirers provides a firsthand account of -this expedition and is printed as the second article. The third article -is a speech delivered by James McGrew at a meeting of the Maumee Valley -Monumental and Historical Association on August 15, 1888. - -The Boards and the Staff of the Public Library of Fort Wayne and Allen -County present this publication in the hope that it will increase -interest in local history. Grammar, spelling, and punctuation have been -changed to conform to current usage. - - - - - INDIAN VILLAGES NEAR FORT WAYNE - - -On October 15, 1790, Colonel Hardin and a detachment of six hundred of -General Harmar’s men reached the Indian towns at the forks of the Maumee -River. The destruction of these towns was the object of General Harmar’s -expedition. When Colonel Hardin’s command arrived at the towns, they -found them abandoned by the Indians. The principal one, called Omee -Town, had been burned. On the seventeenth, General Harmar and the -remainder of the army joined Colonel Hardin. - -Most readers know that there were a number of Indian villages at and -near the junction of the St. Mary’s and St. Joseph rivers, but few -persons know the exact location of these towns. To add to the general -information which we have heretofore given on Fort Wayne’s early -history, we present the testimony of a writer who wrote a supplement to -the official account sent to the War Department. That writer included -some details which could not go into the official report. The supplement -was written in 1791 and was published in the PHILADELPHIA DAILY GENERAL -ADVERTIZER of that year; hence, it may be considered accurate. It was -read in 1840 by the late John W. Vancleve of Dayton, Ohio, who knew much -of the report to be true. With reference to the towns at the forks of -the Maumee, we quote as follows: - -“There were at that time seven towns on the three rivers in the vicinity -of the confluence of the St. Joseph and St. Mary’s rivers. The principal -Miami village was called Omee Town, and among its inhabitants were a -considerable number of French traders. Omee Town stood upon the east -bank of the St. Joseph, or north side of the Maumee, directly opposite -the mouth of the St. Mary’s; it had been burned before Colonel Hardin’s -arrival. Another Miami village of thirty houses stood on the bank -opposite Omee Town. The Delawares had three villages. Two were on the -St. Mary’s about three miles from its mouth, with forty-five houses in -all; the other village was on the east bank of the St. Joseph two or -three miles from its mouth, with thirty-six houses. The Shawnee had two -villages about three miles down the Maumee. Chillicothe was on the north -bank with fifty-eight houses, and the other village of sixteen houses -was on the opposite side of the river. The army burned all the houses in -the different villages and destroyed about twenty thousand bushels of -corn which had been hidden by the Indians. Considerable property -belonging to the French traders was also destroyed.” - -The above quotation contains the best information that we have found -concerning the Indian towns at this place. It locates the exact sites of -the Miami towns. The large village was built on the bottom land at the -junction of the Maumee and St. Joseph rivers, and the smaller one was on -the tract afterward called the Wells Pre-emption between Spy Run and the -St. Joseph River. It also ascertains that Chillicothe was a Shawnee town -three miles down the Maumee River. The spot is identified on which -General Harmar dated his orders on October 20, 1790, before starting his -return march to Fort Washington. The Piqua towns mentioned in some -accounts must have been the two Delaware towns located on the St. Mary’s -River which was once called the Pickaway Fork of the Maumee River. - -In 1790 there were five hundred acres of cleared land at and around the -junction of the three rivers. Four years later, on the seventeenth of -September, 1794, General Wayne’s army reached the Maumee villages. The -next day that distinguished commander designated the spot on which to -build a fort. On October 22, the work was finished; and Colonel -Hamtramck, after fifteen rounds of cannon were fired, called it Fort -Wayne. - - -DAWSON’S FORT WAYNE DAILY TIMES, October 15, 1860 - - - - - A SOLDIER’S JOURNAL - - -Colonel Joseph McMaken has obligingly furnished us for publication the -following interesting sketch of General Harmar’s campaign. The writer, -Colonel David H. Morris, Miami County, Ohio, was a sergeant in the -expedition and kept a journal of the most interesting occurrences. -Colonel Morris still has his journal and, at the request of Colonel -McMaken, transcribed this sketch. It may therefore be relied on as -correct; it is, indeed, corroborated by the statements of the late Chief -Richardville and other old residents of Fort Wayne. - -“Fort Washington was the rendezvous. Colonel Hardin, with a regiment of -mounted riflemen, and James Fontaine, with a troop of cavalrymen from -Kentucky and militiamen from Pennsylvania, joined Harmar here. On -September 29, 1790, we began our march and proceeded four miles toward -the Maumee villages near where Fort Wayne now stands. On the thirtieth -of September we moved forward on the Indian trail leading to the old -Chillicothe town on the Little Miami River. When we arrived there after -several days’ marching, we fired our guns and reloaded them. - -“In the evening we encamped about one mile above James Galloway’s -residence. The next day we crossed Mad River and encamped a little below -the site of New Carlisle. Here we killed twenty cows that had been -condemned because of injuries received from the stronger cattle. The -next day we crossed Indian Creek, which I named in honor of an old -Shawnee chief; the same day we crossed Lost Creek in Miami County. In -the evening we encamped two miles north of Staunton. On the following -day we crossed the Miami River, just above where Piqua is now located. -Indians who had crossed the river just before us had left their canoe. -They had killed a cub bear, cut the skin into small pieces, and placed -it on stumps. From this circumstance, we were sure that we had been -discovered. That evening we encamped near Upper Piqua and the next day -moved toward the St. Mary’s River. About midday seven Indians were -discovered and pursued by the scouting party. One of them was taken; he -proved to be a half-breed about twenty years old, and a sullen dog he -was! - -“We crossed Loramie Creek next morning, where Clark or Logan had burned -a village some ten years before. After crossing the divide to the St. -Mary’s River, we encamped. A council of war decided that Colonel Hardin -with a detachment from the army should proceed by forced marches to the -Maumee villages, intercept the Indians in their flight, and, if -possible, capture their goods and furs. In this they were disappointed; -all the buildings were on fire when the detachment arrived. Directly -after Colonel Hardin took possession of the town, two Indians were fired -upon as they rode into the plain west of the St. Joseph River. The next -day their horses were found, and it was supposed from the quantity of -blood discovered that both Indians had been killed. General Harmar -arrived two days after Colonel Hardin had taken possession of the place. -The next day two Indians were discovered, and one of them was shot down -but not killed. When a young Kentuckian attempted to end the Indian’s -misery, his pistol failed to fire; the Indian raised his rifle and -fatally shot the white man through the body. We remained in this -encampment for several days; a great deal of corn, beans, and other -supplies were destroyed. - -“On the evening of October 16, Captain McClure killed a Delaware chief -called Captain Pauk. On the seventeenth we remained stationary; this day -six brass kettles containing $32.00 were found buried in the hazel -thicket. On the eighteenth Colonel Hardin was sent up the St. Joseph -River to burn two towns; one was twelve and the other was eighteen miles -from our camp. At the same time General Harmar marched down the Maumee -River to Chillicothe and encamped. - -“Colonel Hardin destroyed the Indian towns and on his return was -attacked about ten miles from Fort Wayne, near the late Captain Hull’s -farm at Eel River. When the Indians fired upon them, the Kentucky -mounted riflemen wheeled their horses and made for the camp. The -Pennsylvania militia and the regular soldiers were left a prey to savage -barbarity; one officer and four private soldiers never returned to the -camp. The nineteenth was spent in camp. Cannon were fired throughout the -day in hopes that some of the men had escaped the massacre and could -find the camp from the sound; none came. - - [Illustration: TWO INDIANS WERE FIRED UPON] - -“On the twentieth we started home and encamped that night six or seven -miles from the Maumee villages. About midnight David Williams, a spy and -our principal guide, who had been a prisoner among the Indians for many -years and who had been left behind to observe their movements, came into -camp. He reported that about 120 Indians had collected in the bend -opposite the site of Fort Wayne. On hearing this news, a council -resolved to send a detachment back to disperse them. This force was put -under the command of Colonel Hardin, Major Willis, Captains Ashton and -Frothingham of the regulars, Major Fontaine and Captain Gains of the -Kentucky horse company, and Captains McMullen and Saunders of the -Kentucky mounted riflemen. I have forgotten the names of the other -officers. - -“The troops were put in motion as quickly as possible. By sunrise they -arrived at the ford of the Maumee River. As soon as our men entered the -river, the Indians opened a brisk fire upon them. Major Fontaine -succeeded in gaining the bank and discovered the main body of Indians -concealed in ambush. He gave orders to halt until the main body of his -men got across the river; at that moment he was shot dead. By this time -the right and left flanks, composed of Kentucky mounted men, had gained -the bank. A small party of Indians on each wing fled as if defeated, and -the horsemen pursued. As soon as the horsemen were separated from the -footmen, the savages fell upon our people with the utmost fury. Major -Willis was killed charging the enemy. Captain McMullen discovered the -stratagem of the enemy, wheeled about, approached the back of the -Indians, and made dreadful havoc in their ranks. Captain Ashton was of -the opinion that forty of the enemy fell at the first fire. The Indians -gave way and were driven across the St. Joseph River with great -slaughter. Two soldiers, Captain Ashton says, signalized themselves on -this occasion by using their bayonets to gig the foe like fish. - - [Illustration: DAVID WILLIAMS CAME INTO THE CAMP] - -“Richardville, a Miami chief now dead, who was in the engagement, -related that the river ran red with blood, and that he could cross the -river on dead bodies. During the battle an incident occurred that -deserves to be noticed. An old Indian had two boys who rushed into the -river by his side. One son was shot down near him; the old man dropped -his gun and seized his son to save the boy’s scalp from his enemies. The -other son was killed also. The father drew them to shore and sat down -between them, where he was killed. - -“Some blame has been attached to General Harmar for not returning to aid -Colonel Hardin; it is certainly without foundation. A young Kentuckian, -who was wounded through the wrist while in the river, reported that the -enemy was completely routed and flying. In this sanguinary engagement, -eighty-three regulars were killed; only Captain Ashton and six privates -survived. In both engagements one hundred militiamen were killed. - -“I cannot, in justice to my feelings, close this communication without -saying a word in commendation of General Harmar. I knew him intimately, -for I was favored with his personal friendship and was in service under -his immediate command for four years, eight months, and twenty-one days. -Throughout the whole of the campaign of which I have been writing, I was -quartered within twenty feet of the General’s marquee. - -“The reader will perceive from this fact that I had the best opportunity -of observing everything that happened. My recollection is greatly -assisted by my orderly book, in which I recorded every order given by -the General and every circumstance I thought worthy of being remembered. -But to conclude, I regard General Harmar as a veteran soldier, an -accomplished gentleman, and especially as a sincere friend of the poor -soldier. - - DAVID H. MORRIS” - - -FORT WAYNE SENTINEL, March 4, 1843 - - [Illustration: THE FATHER DREW THEM TO SHORE] - - - - - SPEECH OF JAMES McGREW - - -Ladies and Gentlemen: - -As I stand in your presence, I remember that my father, John McGrew, was -born in York County, Pennsylvania, in 1766, ten years before the signing -of the Declaration of Independence. I remember that he was married in -Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, and moved to near Georgetown, -Kentucky, in 1788. He was one of those men who commenced the settlement -of the Ohio Valley, the centennial of which is being so generally -celebrated this year. I remember that in 1788 my father’s brother, sick -on a flatboat that was decoyed to the shore just above the mouth of the -Licking River opposite where Cincinnati now stands, was thought to have -been tomahawked, for he was never heard from afterward. It was the -custom of the Indians to tomahawk all sick persons who could not be -carried into captivity. I also remember that my father was in the bloody -and disastrous Indian fight just across your own Maumee River in 1790. - -I say I remember these facts. Yes, as they with a multitude of other -events come rushing upon my memory, I feel as though I belonged in the -dim distance of the past age. Yet, I am glad to be among you today to -assist in calling up these recollections and in doing honor to the brave -and heroic men—and women, too, God bless them—who blazed their way -through the dense forests of this northwestern region ninety to one -hundred years ago. - -I do not know that I can do better than to recite much of what I wrote -to Allan H. Dougall. My letter to him was written last December at the -suggestion of the Honorable Charles F. Muhler, mayor of your city. It -came about in this way. I saw in the CHICAGO DAILY NEWS of October 23, -1887, that Henry M. Williams of your city had erected a handsome iron -fence around the ground formerly occupied by the old fort. He had also -erected a flagpole, from the top of which floated a beautiful American -flag. And he had formally presented the whole to your city on October -22, 1887, the ninety-third anniversary of the dedication of the old -fort. It was stated that this was also the ninety-seventh anniversary of -General Harmar’s battle with the Indians at the ford of the Maumee -River. - -This statement called to my mind the fact that my father was in that -engagement with the Indians, and I stated this in a letter to Mayor -Muhler. In reply, he wrote me that Colonel Dougall was greatly -interested in the early history of Fort Wayne and the Maumee Valley, and -that the Colonel would be glad to learn any facts from me relating to -the early history of this area. This caused me to write the letter I -will now read. Some of you may have read it last winter when it was -published in one of your city papers. But as there are doubtless many -persons here who have not seen or heard it, you will excuse my reading -it before your society. - - Kankakee, Illinois - December 11, 1887 - - Allan H. Dougall, Esq. - Fort Wayne, Indiana - Dear Sir: - - Mayor C. F. Muhler states in his letter, dated November 22, that you - are the local secretary of the Maumee Valley Monumental and Historical - Association, and that you are greatly interested in the early history - of Fort Wayne and the Maumee Valley. As my father was with General - Harmar in his 1790 campaign against the Indians of the Old Northwest, - Mayor Muhler wrote that you thought I must have gained a good deal of - traditional information about the Indian campaigns between 1790 and - 1794 and about the early history of Fort Wayne. - - Well, such is the case, especially in reference to General Harmar’s - defeat on the twenty-second of October, 1790. In order to come to a - better understanding of what gave rise to General Harmar’s campaign - and other expeditions against the Indians of the Northwest, it is - necessary for us to recall the treaty made at Fort Harmar on January - 9, 1789, by Governor St. Clair with the chiefs and warriors of the - Wyandot, Chippewa, Potawatomi, and Sauk nations. This treaty was a - renewal and confirmation of the agreement previously made at Fort - McIntosh, and it was hoped that the early settlers would be secure in - a large degree from molestation by these and the other Indian tribes - in the Ohio Valley and the Miami of the Lakes. Undoubtedly this - treaty, which gave the general impression that immigrants to the Ohio - Valley would be secure against serious molestation, induced the tide - of immigration in this direction immediately thereafter. - - But it was soon found that notwithstanding this treaty, roving bands - of Indians were continuing to commit depredations upon all the new - settlements. Horses, cattle, and other forms of property were stolen; - settlers were captured and carried off as prisoners; and quite a - number of white men were killed near the Miami River. The feeling of - alarm and insecurity became very general, and blockhouses were erected - in nearly all the new settlements. - - In June, 1789, Major Doughty with about 140 men commenced building - Fort Washington where Cincinnati now stands. In the fall of that year, - General Harmar with three hundred men arrived and took possession of - the fort. After all negotiations with the Indians had failed, General - Harmar was ordered to attack their towns. In compliance with this - order, in the summer and fall of 1790 he gathered a force of thirteen - hundred men at Fort Washington. Less than one fourth of the men were - regular soldiers; the others were volunteer militiamen. In September - he commenced his march against the Indians of the Maumee country, - known in early times as the Miami of the Lakes. The Indians were - constantly committing depredations upon the white settlers in southern - Ohio, northern Kentucky, and, indeed, throughout the entire Ohio - Valley. - - My father, who had moved from Pennsylvania to Kentucky in 1788, was - one of the mounted volunteers who accompanied General Harmar. They - marched, as I now recollect, via Greenville, Ohio, to the Maumee - country, where they destroyed a few patches of corn and an Indian - village near the site of Fort Wayne. Having accomplished this, General - Harmar proposed to march back to Fort Washington. This caused great - dissatisfaction among the volunteer forces; and a proposition was made - to recruit volunteers to attack the Indians, who were known to be not - far beyond the north side of the Maumee River. - - The volunteer force was organized under Colonel Hardin and other brave - officers. On the morning of October 22, 1790, they forded the Maumee - River and pushed north to a small prairie, with a boggy strip in the - middle which was troublesome to cross on horseback. The Indians lay - concealed in the timber on the opposite side. The two rangers and the - greater part of the command had crossed the bog and were approaching - the timber, wholly unconscious of impending danger, when suddenly the - rangers were shot down. My father said: - - “There was an awful pause; then all at once the whole forest seemed on - fire (this was the result of flintlocks), accompanied by the reports - of hundreds of rifles, which sent a shower of bullets into our ranks - and resulted in fearful loss of life. My comrades fell on all sides.” - - In the hasty retreat that followed, the horses made a rapid approach - to the bog and naturally sank into it. While they were struggling - through the quagmire, the Indians had a decided advantage. The - greatest loss of life occurred here and at the attempted refording of - the river. The survivors were scattered in every direction. - - My father was one of the five who, under the leadership of “Indian - Davie” (who at one time had been an Indian prisoner), pushed northward - through a terrible tangle of grapevines, greenbriers, and hazel brush - which grew along the St. Joseph River. They succeeded in crossing the - river quite a distance above its junction with the St. Mary’s. Then - they made their way back on the west side of the river to a point - nearly opposite Harmar’s headquarters. Here they crossed the St. - Mary’s River and came into camp with their clothes almost torn off - them and their flesh fearfully lacerated by thorns and greenbriers. - - My father was very severe in his denunciation of General Harmar. He - said that Harmar neither sent help to cover the retreating forces nor - provided help which the wounded men needed to get back to camp. All - Harmar did was to keep a cannon booming so that the stragglers might - know where the camp was. Once, after having heard what someone had - written in palliation of Harmar’s conduct on that occasion, my father - replied: “There is not a word of truth in what he says; Harmar was a - distressed old coward.” - - To give you some idea of my father’s courage and daring, I will - mention one instance. He moved from Kentucky in 1796 and located five - miles south of Dayton, Ohio. Soon after he settled there, the Indians - stole a mare and two colts from him. Later he found two of the horses - at an Indian camp just across the Miami River from Dayton. He tried to - get someone in Dayton to go with him to get the mare and colt, but no - one dared go. He went to the camp about sundown. As there were only - two or three squaws in camp, he took his mare and colt and made all - possible speed toward home, which he reached in safety and where he - stood sentinel all night. - - Mrs. Shroyer saw him pass two miles south of Dayton. A short time - later she was shocked and trembled with fear as she saw three Indians - in hot pursuit with rifles and tomahawks. Fortunately, night came on, - and they lost his trail. The next day my father took his rifle and - went alone to the camp. By signs he made them understand that he had - retrieved the mare and colt that they had stolen from him. He demanded - the other two-year-old colt. By signs, they indicated that it was - dead. The Indians never disturbed him again. - - My father was engaged in forwarding supplies for General William Henry - Harrison’s forces at the time of the fight with the Indians at the - Battle of Tippecanoe. I was with my father at Germantown, Montgomery - County, Ohio, in the summer of 1840, when he met General Harrison - (afterward President Harrison) for the first time after the Tippecanoe - campaign. Had I time, I could tell you other exploits of my father - with the Indians, but I forbear wearing out your patience. I doubt if - there is another man living whose father was in that fight with the - Indians on October 22 at the ford of the Maumee. - - Most of this information is traditional, handed down from father to - son. I have been greatly helped in calling to mind many of these - incidents and occurrences by my brother-in-law, Dr. Samuel H. Binkley, - of Alexanderville, Montgomery County, Ohio. He is a geologist of high - standing and is one of the noted archaeologists in the country. Dr. - Binkley has one of the finest geological and archaeological cabinets - to be seen in the West. This collection is closely related to - historical and monumental matters. - - I will mention that I, too, have some early recollections of Fort - Wayne. In the fall of 1838 I passed through here, driving a - three-horse team moving a relative to Whitley County, Indiana, near - where Columbia City now stands. As I now recollect, Fort Wayne was - then a town of log houses, principally. I think the courthouse was a - square building with a roof run up to a point from all four sides. If - I am not right in this, some of you old settlers can correct me. I - passed through this city in 1846 or 1847 on a canalboat with Mr. - Tabour, an early settler at Logansport. About the same time, I passed - through with Mr. Elsworth, of Lafayette, who was at that time - commissioner of patents at Washington. In 1856 Olif Johnson and - Colonel Sweet of Galva, Illinois, General Thomas Henderson, now in - Congress from the seventh Illinois district, and I went bathing (we - called it swimming) in the Maumee River a short distance below your - then small city. - - Sincerely yours, - JAMES McGREW - -You will agree that I have some personal recollections of your city and -the Maumee country. I think of Fort Wayne and the Maumee country as -historic ground, baptised with the blood of brave and patriotic men. -These men were as heroic as any who have lived in this country; and -their toils, hardships, daring, and courage, as well as their -patriotism, deserve to be kept green in our memories. - - -FORT WAYNE JOURNAL, August 16, 1888 - - - - - Transcriber’s Notes - - -—Silently corrected a few typos. - -—Retained publication information from the printed edition: this eBook - is public-domain in the country of publication. - -—In the text versions only, text in italics is delimited by - _underscores_. - - - -*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GENERAL HARMAR'S CAMPAIGN *** - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the -United States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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} -p.book { margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em; } -p.review { margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em; font-size:80%; } -p.pcap { margin-left:0em; text-indent:0; text-align:center; margin-top:0; font-family:cursive; font-size:110%; } -p.pcapc { margin-left:2em; text-indent:0em; text-align:justify; font-family:cursive; } -dl.pcap { font-family:cursive; font-size:80%; } -span.attr { font-size:80%; font-family:sans-serif; } -span.pn { display:inline-block; width:4.7em; text-align:left; margin-left:0; text-indent:0; } -</style> -</head> -<body> - -<div style='text-align:center; font-size:1.2em; font-weight:bold'>The Project Gutenberg eBook of General Harmar's Campaign, by Anonymous</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and -most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online -at <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a>. If you -are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the -country where you are located before using this eBook. -</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Title: General Harmar's Campaign</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Author: Anonymous</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Release Date: March 08, 2021 [eBook #64756]</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Language: English</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>Character set encoding: UTF-8</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Produced by: Stephen Hutcheson and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net</div> - -<div style='margin-top:2em; margin-bottom:4em'>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GENERAL HARMAR'S CAMPAIGN ***</div> -<div id="cover" class="img"> -<img id="coverpage" src="images/cover.jpg" alt="General Harmar’s Campaign" width="600" height="888" /> -</div> -<div class="box"> -<h1><span class="cur smallest">GENERAL HARMAR’S CAMPAIGN</span></h1> -<p class="tbcenter">Prepared by the Staff of the -<br />Public Library of Fort Wayne and Allen County -<br />1954</p> -</div> -<div class="img"> -<img src="images/p01.jpg" alt="Boards of the Public Library of Fort Wayne and Allen County" width="600" height="881" /> -</div> -<p class="smaller cur">One of a historical series, this pamphlet is published -under the direction of the governing Boards of the Public -Library of Fort Wayne and Allen County.</p> -<p class="center"><span class="ssn">BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE SCHOOL CITY OF FORT WAYNE</span></p> -<dl class="undent smallest"><dt><i>B.F. Geyer, President</i></dt> -<dt><i>Joseph E. Kramer, Secretary</i></dt> -<dt><i>W. Page Yarnelle, Treasurer</i></dt> -<dt><i>Mrs. Sadie Fulk Roehrs</i></dt> -<dt><i>Willard Shambaugh</i></dt></dl> -<p class="center"><span class="ssn">PUBLIC LIBRARY BOARD FOR ALLEN COUNTY</span></p> -<p class="smaller cur">The members of this Board include the members of the Board of Trustees of the -School City of Fort Wayne (with the same officers) together with the following -citizens chosen from Allen County outside the corporate City of Fort Wayne:</p> -<dl class="undent smallest"><dt><i>James E. Graham</i></dt> -<dt><i>Arthur Nieneier</i></dt> -<dt><i>Mrs. Glenn Henderson</i></dt> -<dt><i>Mrs. Charles Reynolds</i></dt></dl> -<div class="pb" id="Page_i">i</div> -<h2 id="c1"><span class="small">FOREWORD</span></h2> -<p>General Josiah Harmar’s ill-fated campaign in 1790 -was the first of three historic expeditions against the Indians -in the Old Northwest. The defeat of General Arthur St. Clair -followed in 1791, and the victory of General Anthony Wayne -in 1794.</p> -<p>The first article in this pamphlet identifies the exact -sites of the Indian villages around the three rivers. The -destruction of these villages was one of the objectives of -Harmar’s campaign. The journal of one of Harmar’s soldiers -and admirers provides a firsthand account of this -expedition and is printed as the second article. The third -article is a speech delivered by James McGrew at a meeting -of the Maumee Valley Monumental and Historical Association -on August 15, 1888.</p> -<p>The Boards and the Staff of the Public Library of Fort -Wayne and Allen County present this publication in the hope -that it will increase interest in local history. Grammar, -spelling, and punctuation have been changed to conform to -current usage.</p> -<div class="pb" id="Page_1">1</div> -<h2 id="c2"><span class="small">INDIAN VILLAGES NEAR FORT WAYNE</span></h2> -<p>On October 15, 1790, Colonel Hardin and a detachment -of six hundred of General Harmar’s men reached the Indian -towns at the forks of the Maumee River. The destruction -of these towns was the object of General Harmar’s expedition. -When Colonel Hardin’s command arrived at the towns, -they found them abandoned by the Indians. The principal -one, called Omee Town, had been burned. On the seventeenth, -General Harmar and the remainder of the army -joined Colonel Hardin.</p> -<p>Most readers know that there were a number of Indian -villages at and near the junction of the St. Mary’s and St. -Joseph rivers, but few persons know the exact location of -these towns. To add to the general information which we -have heretofore given on Fort Wayne’s early history, we -present the testimony of a writer who wrote a supplement -to the official account sent to the War Department. That -writer included some details which could not go into the official -report. The supplement was written in 1791 and was -published in the PHILADELPHIA DAILY GENERAL ADVERTIZER -of that year; hence, it may be considered accurate. -It was read in 1840 by the late John W. Vancleve of Dayton, -Ohio, who knew much of the report to be true. With reference -to the towns at the forks of the Maumee, we quote as -follows:</p> -<p>“There were at that time seven towns on the three -rivers in the vicinity of the confluence of the St. Joseph and -St. Mary’s rivers. The principal Miami village was called -Omee Town, and among its inhabitants were a considerable -number of French traders. Omee Town stood upon the east -bank of the St. Joseph, or north side of the Maumee, directly -opposite the mouth of the St. Mary’s; it had been -burned before Colonel Hardin’s arrival. Another Miami -village of thirty houses stood on the bank opposite Omee -Town. The Delawares had three villages. Two were on the -St. Mary’s about three miles from its mouth, with forty-five -houses in all; the other village was on the east bank of -the St. Joseph two or three miles from its mouth, with -<span class="pb" id="Page_2">2</span> -thirty-six houses. The Shawnee had two villages about three -miles down the Maumee. Chillicothe was on the north bank -with fifty-eight houses, and the other village of sixteen -houses was on the opposite side of the river. The army -burned all the houses in the different villages and destroyed -about twenty thousand bushels of corn which had been hidden -by the Indians. Considerable property belonging to the -French traders was also destroyed.”</p> -<p>The above quotation contains the best information that -we have found concerning the Indian towns at this place. It -locates the exact sites of the Miami towns. The large village -was built on the bottom land at the junction of the Maumee -and St. Joseph rivers, and the smaller one was on the -tract afterward called the Wells Pre-emption between Spy -Run and the St. Joseph River. It also ascertains that Chillicothe -was a Shawnee town three miles down the Maumee -River. The spot is identified on which General Harmar -dated his orders on October 20, 1790, before starting his -return march to Fort Washington. The Piqua towns mentioned -in some accounts must have been the two Delaware -towns located on the St. Mary’s River which was once called -the Pickaway Fork of the Maumee River.</p> -<p>In 1790 there were five hundred acres of cleared land -at and around the junction of the three rivers. Four years -later, on the seventeenth of September, 1794, General -Wayne’s army reached the Maumee villages. The next day -that distinguished commander designated the spot on which -to build a fort. On October 22, the work was finished; and -Colonel Hamtramck, after fifteen rounds of cannon were -fired, called it Fort Wayne.</p> -<p class="tb">DAWSON’S FORT WAYNE DAILY TIMES, October 15, 1860</p> -<div class="pb" id="Page_3">3</div> -<h2 id="c3"><span class="small">A SOLDIER’S JOURNAL</span></h2> -<p>Colonel Joseph McMaken has obligingly furnished us -for publication the following interesting sketch of General -Harmar’s campaign. The writer, Colonel David H. Morris, -Miami County, Ohio, was a sergeant in the expedition and -kept a journal of the most interesting occurrences. Colonel -Morris still has his journal and, at the request of Colonel -McMaken, transcribed this sketch. It may therefore be relied -on as correct; it is, indeed, corroborated by the statements -of the late Chief Richardville and other old residents -of Fort Wayne.</p> -<p>“Fort Washington was the rendezvous. Colonel Hardin, -with a regiment of mounted riflemen, and James Fontaine, -with a troop of cavalrymen from Kentucky and militiamen -from Pennsylvania, joined Harmar here. On September -29, 1790, we began our march and proceeded four miles -toward the Maumee villages near where Fort Wayne now -stands. On the thirtieth of September we moved forward on -the Indian trail leading to the old Chillicothe town on the -Little Miami River. When we arrived there after several -days’ marching, we fired our guns and reloaded them.</p> -<p>“In the evening we encamped about one mile above -James Galloway’s residence. The next day we crossed Mad -River and encamped a little below the site of New Carlisle. -Here we killed twenty cows that had been condemned because -of injuries received from the stronger cattle. The next day -we crossed Indian Creek, which I named in honor of an old -Shawnee chief; the same day we crossed Lost Creek in Miami -County. In the evening we encamped two miles north -of Staunton. On the following day we crossed the Miami -River, just above where Piqua is now located. Indians who -had crossed the river just before us had left their canoe. -They had killed a cub bear, cut the skin into small pieces, -and placed it on stumps. From this circumstance, we were -sure that we had been discovered. That evening we encamped -near Upper Piqua and the next day moved toward the St. -Mary’s River. About midday seven Indians were discovered -and pursued by the scouting party. One of them was taken; -<span class="pb" id="Page_4">4</span> -he proved to be a half-breed about twenty years old, and a -sullen dog he was!</p> -<p>“We crossed Loramie Creek next morning, where -Clark or Logan had burned a village some ten years before. -After crossing the divide to the St. Mary’s River, we encamped. -A council of war decided that Colonel Hardin with -a detachment from the army should proceed by forced -marches to the Maumee villages, intercept the Indians in -their flight, and, if possible, capture their goods and furs. -In this they were disappointed; all the buildings were on fire -when the detachment arrived. Directly after Colonel Hardin -took possession of the town, two Indians were fired upon as -they rode into the plain west of the St. Joseph River. The -next day their horses were found, and it was supposed from -the quantity of blood discovered that both Indians had been -killed. General Harmar arrived two days after Colonel -Hardin had taken possession of the place. The next day two -Indians were discovered, and one of them was shot down but -not killed. When a young Kentuckian attempted to end the -Indian’s misery, his pistol failed to fire; the Indian raised -his rifle and fatally shot the white man through the body. -We remained in this encampment for several days; a great -deal of corn, beans, and other supplies were destroyed.</p> -<p>“On the evening of October 16, Captain McClure killed -a Delaware chief called Captain Pauk. On the seventeenth -we remained stationary; this day six brass kettles containing -$32.00 were found buried in the hazel thicket. On the -eighteenth Colonel Hardin was sent up the St. Joseph River -to burn two towns; one was twelve and the other was eighteen -miles from our camp. At the same time General Harmar -marched down the Maumee River to Chillicothe and encamped.</p> -<p>“Colonel Hardin destroyed the Indian towns and on his -return was attacked about ten miles from Fort Wayne, near -the late Captain Hull’s farm at Eel River. When the Indians -fired upon them, the Kentucky mounted riflemen wheeled -their horses and made for the camp. The Pennsylvania -militia and the regular soldiers were left a prey to savage -barbarity; one officer and four private soldiers never returned -to the camp. The nineteenth was spent in camp. -Cannon were fired throughout the day in hopes that some of -the men had escaped the massacre and could find the camp -from the sound; none came.</p> -<div class="pb" id="Page_5">5</div> -<div class="img" id="fig1"> -<img src="images/p02.jpg" alt="" width="600" height="655" /> -<p class="pcap">TWO INDIANS WERE FIRED UPON</p> -</div> -<div class="pb" id="Page_6">6</div> -<p>“On the twentieth we started home and encamped that -night six or seven miles from the Maumee villages. About -midnight David Williams, a spy and our principal guide, who -had been a prisoner among the Indians for many years and -who had been left behind to observe their movements, came -into camp. He reported that about 120 Indians had collected -in the bend opposite the site of Fort Wayne. On hearing this -news, a council resolved to send a detachment back to disperse -them. This force was put under the command of Colonel -Hardin, Major Willis, Captains Ashton and Frothingham -of the regulars, Major Fontaine and Captain Gains of the -Kentucky horse company, and Captains McMullen and Saunders -of the Kentucky mounted riflemen. I have forgotten the -names of the other officers.</p> -<p>“The troops were put in motion as quickly as possible. -By sunrise they arrived at the ford of the Maumee River. -As soon as our men entered the river, the Indians opened a -brisk fire upon them. Major Fontaine succeeded in gaining -the bank and discovered the main body of Indians concealed -in ambush. He gave orders to halt until the main body of -his men got across the river; at that moment he was shot -dead. By this time the right and left flanks, composed of -Kentucky mounted men, had gained the bank. A small party -of Indians on each wing fled as if defeated, and the horsemen -pursued. As soon as the horsemen were separated -from the footmen, the savages fell upon our people with the -utmost fury. Major Willis was killed charging the enemy. -Captain McMullen discovered the stratagem of the enemy, -wheeled about, approached the back of the Indians, and made -dreadful havoc in their ranks. Captain Ashton was of the -opinion that forty of the enemy fell at the first fire. The -Indians gave way and were driven across the St. Joseph River -with great slaughter. Two soldiers, Captain Ashton says, -signalized themselves on this occasion by using their bayonets -to gig the foe like fish.</p> -<div class="pb" id="Page_7">7</div> -<div class="img" id="fig2"> -<img src="images/p03.jpg" alt="" width="600" height="896" /> -<p class="pcap">DAVID WILLIAMS CAME INTO THE CAMP</p> -</div> -<div class="pb" id="Page_8">8</div> -<p>“Richardville, a Miami chief now dead, who was in the -engagement, related that the river ran red with blood, and -that he could cross the river on dead bodies. During the -battle an incident occurred that deserves to be noticed. An -old Indian had two boys who rushed into the river by his side. -One son was shot down near him; the old man dropped his -gun and seized his son to save the boy’s scalp from his enemies. -The other son was killed also. The father drew them -to shore and sat down between them, where he was killed.</p> -<p>“Some blame has been attached to General Harmar -for not returning to aid Colonel Hardin; it is certainly without -foundation. A young Kentuckian, who was wounded through -the wrist while in the river, reported that the enemy was -completely routed and flying. In this sanguinary engagement, -eighty-three regulars were killed; only Captain Ashton -and six privates survived. In both engagements one hundred -militiamen were killed.</p> -<p>“I cannot, in justice to my feelings, close this communication -without saying a word in commendation of General -Harmar. I knew him intimately, for I was favored with -his personal friendship and was in service under his immediate -command for four years, eight months, and twenty-one -days. Throughout the whole of the campaign of which I -have been writing, I was quartered within twenty feet of the -General’s marquee.</p> -<p>“The reader will perceive from this fact that I had -the best opportunity of observing everything that happened. -My recollection is greatly assisted by my orderly book, in -which I recorded every order given by the General and every -circumstance I thought worthy of being remembered. But -to conclude, I regard General Harmar as a veteran soldier, -an accomplished gentleman, and especially as a sincere -friend of the poor soldier.</p> -<p><span class="lr">DAVID H. MORRIS”</span></p> -<p class="tb">FORT WAYNE SENTINEL, March 4, 1843</p> -<div class="pb" id="Page_9">9</div> -<div class="img" id="fig3"> -<img src="images/p04.jpg" alt="" width="600" height="814" /> -<p class="pcap">THE FATHER DREW THEM TO SHORE</p> -</div> -<div class="pb" id="Page_10">10</div> -<h2 id="c4"><span class="small">SPEECH OF JAMES McGREW</span></h2> -<p>Ladies and Gentlemen:</p> -<p>As I stand in your presence, I remember that my father, -John McGrew, was born in York County, Pennsylvania, -in 1766, ten years before the signing of the Declaration of -Independence. I remember that he was married in Westmoreland -County, Pennsylvania, and moved to near Georgetown, -Kentucky, in 1788. He was one of those men who -commenced the settlement of the Ohio Valley, the centennial -of which is being so generally celebrated this year. I remember -that in 1788 my father’s brother, sick on a flatboat -that was decoyed to the shore just above the mouth of the -Licking River opposite where Cincinnati now stands, was -thought to have been tomahawked, for he was never heard -from afterward. It was the custom of the Indians to tomahawk -all sick persons who could not be carried into captivity. -I also remember that my father was in the bloody and disastrous -Indian fight just across your own Maumee River in -1790.</p> -<p>I say I remember these facts. Yes, as they with a -multitude of other events come rushing upon my memory, I -feel as though I belonged in the dim distance of the past age. -Yet, I am glad to be among you today to assist in calling up -these recollections and in doing honor to the brave and heroic -men—and women, too, God bless them—who blazed -their way through the dense forests of this northwestern region -ninety to one hundred years ago.</p> -<p>I do not know that I can do better than to recite much -of what I wrote to Allan H. Dougall. My letter to him was -written last December at the suggestion of the Honorable -Charles F. Muhler, mayor of your city. It came about in -this way. I saw in the CHICAGO DAILY NEWS of October -23, 1887, that Henry M. Williams of your city had erected -a handsome iron fence around the ground formerly occupied -by the old fort. He had also erected a flagpole, from the -top of which floated a beautiful American flag. And he had -formally presented the whole to your city on October 22, -1887, the ninety-third anniversary of the dedication of the -<span class="pb" id="Page_11">11</span> -old fort. It was stated that this was also the ninety-seventh -anniversary of General Harmar’s battle with the Indians at -the ford of the Maumee River.</p> -<p>This statement called to my mind the fact that my father -was in that engagement with the Indians, and I stated -this in a letter to Mayor Muhler. In reply, he wrote me -that Colonel Dougall was greatly interested in the early history -of Fort Wayne and the Maumee Valley, and that the -Colonel would be glad to learn any facts from me relating -to the early history of this area. This caused me to write -the letter I will now read. Some of you may have read it -last winter when it was published in one of your city papers. -But as there are doubtless many persons here who have not -seen or heard it, you will excuse my reading it before your -society.</p> -<blockquote> -<div class="verse"> -<p class="lr">Kankakee, Illinois</p> -<p class="lr">December 11, 1887</p> -</div> -<div class="verse"> -<p class="t0">Allan H. Dougall, Esq.</p> -<p class="t0">Fort Wayne, Indiana</p> -<p class="t0">Dear Sir:</p> -</div> -<p>Mayor C. F. Muhler states in his letter, dated November -22, that you are the local secretary of the Maumee -Valley Monumental and Historical Association, and that you -are greatly interested in the early history of Fort Wayne -and the Maumee Valley. As my father was with General -Harmar in his 1790 campaign against the Indians of the Old -Northwest, Mayor Muhler wrote that you thought I must -have gained a good deal of traditional information about the -Indian campaigns between 1790 and 1794 and about the early -history of Fort Wayne.</p> -<p>Well, such is the case, especially in reference to -General Harmar’s defeat on the twenty-second of October, -1790. In order to come to a better understanding of what -gave rise to General Harmar’s campaign and other expeditions -against the Indians of the Northwest, it is necessary -for us to recall the treaty made at Fort Harmar on January -9, 1789, by Governor St. Clair with the chiefs and warriors -of the Wyandot, Chippewa, Potawatomi, and Sauk nations. -<span class="pb" id="Page_12">12</span> -This treaty was a renewal and confirmation of the agreement -previously made at Fort McIntosh, and it was hoped -that the early settlers would be secure in a large degree -from molestation by these and the other Indian tribes in the -Ohio Valley and the Miami of the Lakes. Undoubtedly this -treaty, which gave the general impression that immigrants -to the Ohio Valley would be secure against serious molestation, -induced the tide of immigration in this direction immediately -thereafter.</p> -<p>But it was soon found that notwithstanding this treaty, -roving bands of Indians were continuing to commit depredations -upon all the new settlements. Horses, cattle, and -other forms of property were stolen; settlers were captured -and carried off as prisoners; and quite a number of white -men were killed near the Miami River. The feeling of alarm -and insecurity became very general, and blockhouses were -erected in nearly all the new settlements.</p> -<p>In June, 1789, Major Doughty with about 140 men -commenced building Fort Washington where Cincinnati now -stands. In the fall of that year, General Harmar with three -hundred men arrived and took possession of the fort. After -all negotiations with the Indians had failed, General Harmar -was ordered to attack their towns. In compliance with this -order, in the summer and fall of 1790 he gathered a force -of thirteen hundred men at Fort Washington. Less than one -fourth of the men were regular soldiers; the others were -volunteer militiamen. In September he commenced his -march against the Indians of the Maumee country, known in -early times as the Miami of the Lakes. The Indians were -constantly committing depredations upon the white settlers -in southern Ohio, northern Kentucky, and, indeed, throughout -the entire Ohio Valley.</p> -<p>My father, who had moved from Pennsylvania to Kentucky -in 1788, was one of the mounted volunteers who accompanied -General Harmar. They marched, as I now recollect, -via Greenville, Ohio, to the Maumee country, where -they destroyed a few patches of corn and an Indian village -near the site of Fort Wayne. Having accomplished this, -General Harmar proposed to march back to Fort Washington. -<span class="pb" id="Page_13">13</span> -This caused great dissatisfaction among the volunteer forces; -and a proposition was made to recruit volunteers to attack -the Indians, who were known to be not far beyond the north -side of the Maumee River.</p> -<p>The volunteer force was organized under Colonel Hardin -and other brave officers. On the morning of October 22, -1790, they forded the Maumee River and pushed north to a -small prairie, with a boggy strip in the middle which was -troublesome to cross on horseback. The Indians lay concealed -in the timber on the opposite side. The two rangers -and the greater part of the command had crossed the bog -and were approaching the timber, wholly unconscious of impending -danger, when suddenly the rangers were shot down. -My father said:</p> -<p>“There was an awful pause; then all at once the whole -forest seemed on fire (this was the result of flintlocks), accompanied -by the reports of hundreds of rifles, which sent -a shower of bullets into our ranks and resulted in fearful -loss of life. My comrades fell on all sides.”</p> -<p>In the hasty retreat that followed, the horses made a -rapid approach to the bog and naturally sank into it. While -they were struggling through the quagmire, the Indians had -a decided advantage. The greatest loss of life occurred here -and at the attempted refording of the river. The survivors -were scattered in every direction.</p> -<p>My father was one of the five who, under the leadership -of “Indian Davie” (who at one time had been an Indian -prisoner), pushed northward through a terrible tangle of -grapevines, greenbriers, and hazel brush which grew along -the St. Joseph River. They succeeded in crossing the river -quite a distance above its junction with the St. Mary’s. Then -they made their way back on the west side of the river to a -point nearly opposite Harmar’s headquarters. Here they -crossed the St. Mary’s River and came into camp with their -clothes almost torn off them and their flesh fearfully lacerated -by thorns and greenbriers.</p> -<p>My father was very severe in his denunciation of General -Harmar. He said that Harmar neither sent help to -cover the retreating forces nor provided help which the -<span class="pb" id="Page_14">14</span> -wounded men needed to get back to camp. All Harmar did -was to keep a cannon booming so that the stragglers might -know where the camp was. Once, after having heard what -someone had written in palliation of Harmar’s conduct on -that occasion, my father replied: “There is not a word of -truth in what he says; Harmar was a distressed old coward.”</p> -<p>To give you some idea of my father’s courage and daring, -I will mention one instance. He moved from Kentucky -in 1796 and located five miles south of Dayton, Ohio. Soon -after he settled there, the Indians stole a mare and two colts -from him. Later he found two of the horses at an Indian -camp just across the Miami River from Dayton. He tried -to get someone in Dayton to go with him to get the mare and -colt, but no one dared go. He went to the camp about sundown. -As there were only two or three squaws in camp, he -took his mare and colt and made all possible speed toward -home, which he reached in safety and where he stood sentinel -all night.</p> -<p>Mrs. Shroyer saw him pass two miles south of Dayton. -A short time later she was shocked and trembled with -fear as she saw three Indians in hot pursuit with rifles and -tomahawks. Fortunately, night came on, and they lost his -trail. The next day my father took his rifle and went alone -to the camp. By signs he made them understand that he had -retrieved the mare and colt that they had stolen from him. -He demanded the other two-year-old colt. By signs, they -indicated that it was dead. The Indians never disturbed him -again.</p> -<p>My father was engaged in forwarding supplies for General -William Henry Harrison’s forces at the time of the -fight with the Indians at the Battle of Tippecanoe. I was with -my father at Germantown, Montgomery County, Ohio, in the -summer of 1840, when he met General Harrison (afterward -President Harrison) for the first time after the Tippecanoe -campaign. Had I time, I could tell you other exploits of my -father with the Indians, but I forbear wearing out your patience. -I doubt if there is another man living whose father -was in that fight with the Indians on October 22 at the ford -of the Maumee.</p> -<div class="pb" id="Page_15">15</div> -<p>Most of this information is traditional, handed down -from father to son. I have been greatly helped in calling -to mind many of these incidents and occurrences by my -brother-in-law, Dr. Samuel H. Binkley, of Alexanderville, -Montgomery County, Ohio. He is a geologist of high standing -and is one of the noted archaeologists in the country. -Dr. Binkley has one of the finest geological and archaeological -cabinets to be seen in the West. This collection is -closely related to historical and monumental matters.</p> -<p>I will mention that I, too, have some early recollections -of Fort Wayne. In the fall of 1838 I passed through -here, driving a three-horse team moving a relative to Whitley -County, Indiana, near where Columbia City now stands. -As I now recollect, Fort Wayne was then a town of log -houses, principally. I think the courthouse was a square -building with a roof run up to a point from all four sides. -If I am not right in this, some of you old settlers can correct -me. I passed through this city in 1846 or 1847 on a -canalboat with Mr. Tabour, an early settler at Logansport. -About the same time, I passed through with Mr. Elsworth, -of Lafayette, who was at that time commissioner of patents -at Washington. In 1856 Olif Johnson and Colonel Sweet of -Galva, Illinois, General Thomas Henderson, now in Congress -from the seventh Illinois district, and I went bathing -(we called it swimming) in the Maumee River a short distance -below your then small city.</p> -<div class="verse"> -<p class="lr">Sincerely yours,</p> -<p class="lr">JAMES McGREW</p> -</div> -</blockquote> -<p>You will agree that I have some personal recollections -of your city and the Maumee country. I think of Fort Wayne -and the Maumee country as historic ground, baptised with -the blood of brave and patriotic men. These men were as -heroic as any who have lived in this country; and their toils, -hardships, daring, and courage, as well as their patriotism, -deserve to be kept green in our memories.</p> -<p class="tb">FORT WAYNE JOURNAL, August 16, 1888</p> -<h2>Transcriber’s Notes</h2> -<ul> -<li>Silently corrected a few typos.</li> -<li>Retained publication information from the printed edition: this eBook is public-domain in the country of publication.</li> -<li>In the text versions only, text in italics is delimited by _underscores_.</li> -</ul> -<div style='display:block; margin-top:4em'>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GENERAL HARMAR'S CAMPAIGN ***</div> -<div style='text-align:left'> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> -Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions will -be renamed. -</div> - -<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'> -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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