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diff --git a/old/61861-0.txt b/old/61861-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 57d0474..0000000 --- a/old/61861-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,3600 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg EBook of Old London Street Cries and the Cries of -To-day, by Andrew W. Tuer - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org/license - - -Title: Old London Street Cries and the Cries of To-day - With Heaps of Quaint Cuts including Hand-coloured Frontispiece - -Author: Andrew W. Tuer - -Release Date: April 18, 2020 [EBook #61861] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK OLD LONDON STREET CRIES *** - - - - -Produced by Susan Skinner, Chuck Greif and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net - - - - - - - [Illustration: "_Flowers, penny a bunch._"] - - - - - Old London Street - Cries - - AND THE CRIES OF TO-DAY - - WITH - - _Heaps of Quaint Cuts_ - - INCLUDING - - _Hand-coloured Frontispiece_: - - BY - - ANDREW W. TUER, - - Author of "Bartolozzi and his Works," &c. - - [Illustration] - - 1887. - - NEW YORK: - - _Published for_ - - The Old London Street Company, - - 728, BROADWAY. - - [Rights Reserved: Wrongs Revenged! - - - - - [Illustration] - - PRINTED AT - THE LEADENHALL PRESS, - LONDON, E.C. - T 4,237. - - - - -Introductory. - - -The "Cries" have been sufficiently well received in bolder form to -induce the publication of this additionally illustrated extension at a -more popular price. - -[Illustration] - - - - -_Old London Street Cries._ - - -Dates, unless in the form of the luscious fruit of Smyrna, are generally -dry. It is enough therefore to state that the earliest mention of London -Cries is found in a quaint old ballad entitled "London Lyckpenny," or -Lack penny, by that prolific writer, John Lydgate, a Benedictine monk of -Bury St. Edmunds, who flourished about the middle of the fifteenth -century. - -These cries are particularly quaint, and especially valuable as a record -of the daily life of the time. - - * * * * * - - Then unto London I dyd me hye, - Of all the land it beareth the pryse: - Hot pescodes, one began to crye, - Strabery rype, and cherryes in the ryse;[1] - -[Illustration: "_I love a Ballad in print, a'life; for then we are sure -they are true._"--WINTER'S TALE, Act. iv., Sc. iv.] - - One bad me come nere and by some spyce, - Peper and safforne they gan me bede, - But for lack of money I myght not spede. - - Then to the Chepe I began me drawne, - Where mutch people I saw for to stande; - One spred me velvet, sylke, and lawne, - Another he taketh me by the hande, - "Here is Parys thred, the fynest in the land;" - I never was used to such thyngs indede, - And wantyng money I myght not spede. - - Then went I forth by London stone, - Throughout all Canwyke[2] Streete; - Drapers mutch cloth me offred anone, - Then comes me one cryed hot shepes feete; - One cryde makerell, ryster[3] grene, an other gan greete - On bad me by a hood to cover my head, - But for want of mony I myght not be sped. - - Then I hyed me into Est-Chepe; - One cryes rybbs of befe, and many a pye; - - * * * * * - -Since Lydgate's time the cries of London have been a stock subject for -ballads and children's books, of which, in various forms, some hundreds -must have appeared within the last two centuries. The cuts, unless from -the hand of a Rowlandson or a Cruikshank, are usually of the mechanical -order; and one finds copies of the same illustrations, though -differently treated, constantly reappearing. - -In the books there is usually a cut on each page, with a cry printed -above or underneath, and in addition a verse of descriptive poetry, -which, if not of the highest order, serves its purpose. - - With his machine and ass to help - To draw the frame along, - Pray mark the razor-grinder's yelp - The burden of his song. - His patched umbrella quick aloft - He mounts if skies should lower, - Then laughing whirls his wheel full oft, - Nor heeds the falling shower. - -A well-known collection is that entitled "Habits & Cryes of the City of -London, drawne after the Life; P. [Pearce] Tempest, excudit," containing -seventy-four plates, drawn by Marcellus Laroon [Lauron], and republished -in 1711. The first edition, with only fifty illustrations, had appeared -some three-and-twenty years earlier; and many of the copper-plates in -the later issue were so altered as to bring the costume into the -fashion of the time of republication. The hats had their high crowns cut -down into low; and shoe-buckles were substituted for laces. Otherwise -the plates,--with the exception of some of the faces, which were -entirely re-engraved,--were left in their original condition.[4] The -letter-press descriptions are in English, French, and Italian. The -engraver, Marcellus Lauron, or Captain Laroon, who was born in London, -has left on record that his family name was Lauron, but being always -called Laroon, he adopted that spelling in early life. Of the -seventy-four plates, those representing eccentric characters, etc., are -omitted from the list that follows:-- - - Any Card Matches or Save Alls? - Pretty Maids, Pretty Pins, Pretty Women! - - "I remember," says Hone, "that pins were disposed of in this - manner, in the streets by women. Their cry was a musical distich:-- - - 'Three Rows a Penny pins, - Short, Whites, and Mid-dl-ings!'" - - - -Ripe Strawberryes! - -[Illustration: "_Three Rows a Penny pins!_"] - - A Bed Matt [mat] or a Door Matt! - Buy a fine Table Basket? - Ha, ha, Poor Jack! - - Can hardly be called a London cry: the call of a well-known - character, who, accompanied by his wife, sold fish. - - Buy my Dish of great Eeles? - -[Illustration: "_Buy a fine Singing Bird?_"] - - Buy a fine singing Bird? - Buy any wax or wafers? - Fine Writeing Ink! - A Right Merry Song! - Old Shoes for some Broomes! - Hott baked Wardens [stewed pears] Hott! - Small Coale! - - Swift mentions this cry in his "Morning in Town." - - "The Small Coal Man was heard with cadence deep - Till drowned in shriller notes of 'Chimney Sweep.'" - - Maids, any Coonie [rabbit] Skinns? - Buy a Rabbit, a Rabbit? - Chimney Sweep! - Crab, Crab, any Crab? - Oh, Rare Shoe! - Lilly White Vinegar! - Buy any Dutch Biskets? - Ripe Speregas! [asparagus] - Buy a Fork or a Fire Shovel? [See p. 13.] - Maids, buy a Mapp? [mop] - Buy my fat Chickens? - Buy my Flounders? - Old Cloaks, Suits, or Coats? - - [Succeeding Old Doublets, the cry of a slightly earlier period.] - - Fair Lemons and Oranges? - -[Illustration: "_Fine Writeing Ink!_"] - - Old Chaires to Mend? - Twelve Pence a Peck, Oysters! - Troope every one! [See p. 17.] - - The man blowing a trumpet--troope every one!--was a street seller - of toy hobby-horses. He carried his wares in a sort of cage; and to - each rudely represented horse's head was attached a small flag. The - toy hobby-horse has long since disappeared, and nowadays we give a - little boy a stick to thrust between his legs as a Bucephalus. Hone - opines that our forefathers were better natured, for they presented - him with something of the semblance of the genuine animal. - - Old Satten, Old Taffety, or Velvet! - Buy a new Almanack! - Buy my Singing Glasses! - - These were long bell-mouthed glass tubes. The writer recollects - that when a boy he purchased, for a copper or two, fragile glass - trumpets of a similar description. - - Any Kitchen Stuffe have you, Maids? - Knives, Combs, or Inkhorns! - Four for Six Pence, Mackrell! - Any work for the Cooper? - Four Paire for a Shilling, Holland Socks! - Colly Molly Puffe! - - The cry of a noted seller of pastry. He is mentioned in the - _Spectator_, No. xxv. - - Sixpence a pound, Fair Cherryes! [See p. 21.] - -[Illustration: "_Buy a Fork or a Fire Shovel?_"] - - Knives or Cisers to Grinde! - Long thread Laces, long and strong! - Remember the poor Prisoners! - - In a series of early prints in the Bridgewater library, from copper - plates, by an unknown artist, probably engraved between 1650 and - 1680, there is one thus titled: "Some broken Breade and meate for - ye poore prisoners: for the Lorde's sake pittey the poore." Within - the memory of our fathers a tin box was put out from a grated - window in the Fleet prison, a prisoner meanwhile imploring the - public to remember the poor debtors. In the "Cries of York, for the - amusement of young children," undated, but published probably - towards the end of the last century, are the following lines:-- - - Of prisoners in the Castle drear - Come buy a Kalendar, - Their crimes and names are set down here - 'Tis Truth I do declare. - - - - A brass Pott or an Iron Pott to mend! - Buy my four ropes of Hard Onyons! - _London's Gazette_ here! - - The _London Gazette_, established in 1665. - - Buy a White Line or a Jack Line, or a Cloathes Line. - Any old Iron take money for? - Delicate Cowcumbers to pickle! - Any Bakeing Peares? - New River Water! - -[Illustration: "_Fine Oysters!_"] - -The cry of "Marking Stones," which marked black or red, and preceded the -daintier cedar-encased lead pencil of our own time, is not mentioned by -Laroon. J. T. Smith,[5] says that the colour of the red marking-stone -was due to "Ruddle," a colour not to be washed out, and that fifty years -ago (he wrote in 1839) it was the custom at cheap lodging-houses to mark -with it on linen the words, "_Stop thief!_" - -The following lines are from a sheet of London Cries, twelve in number, -undated, but probably of James the Second's time:-- - - Buy marking-stones, marking-stones buy, - Much profit in their use doth lie; - I've marking-stones of colour red, - Passing good, or else black lead. - -In the British Museum is a folio volume containing another curious -little collection, on three sheets, of early London cries; also undated -and of foreign - -[Illustration: "_Troope every one!_"] - -workmanship, but attributable to the time of Charles II. The first sheet -has a principal representation of a rat-catcher with a banner emblazoned -with rats; he is attended by an assistant boy, and underneath are these -lines:-- - - He that will have neither - Ratt nor mousse, - Lett him pluck of the tilles - And set fire of his hows. - -Then come the following cries: - - Cooper. - En of golde! - Olde Dublets! - Blackinge man. - Tinker. - Pippins! - Bui a matte! - Coales! - Chimney swepes. - Bui brumes! - Camphires! [Samphire] - Cherrie ripe! - Alminake! - Coonie skine! - Mussels! - Cabeches! - Kitchen stuff! - Glasses! - Cockels! - Hartti Chaks! - Mackrill! - Oranges, Lemens! - Lettice! - Place! - Olde Iron! - Aqua vitæ! - Pens and Ink! - Olde bellows! - Herrings! - Bui any milke? - -[Illustration: "_Milk below, Maids!_"] - - Piepin pys! - Osters! - Shades! - Turneps! - Rossmarie Baie! - Onions. - -The principal figure on the second sheet is the "Belman," with halberd, -lanthorn, and dog. - - Mayds in your Smocks, Loocke - Wel to your locke-- - Your fire - And your light, - & God - Give you good-night. - At - One o'Clock. - -This is followed by: - - Buy any shrimps? - Buy some figs? - Buy a tosting iron? - Lantorne Candellyht. - Buy any maydes? - The Water Bearer. - Buy a whyt pot? - Bread and Meate! - Buy a candelsticke? - Buy any prunes? - Buy a washing ball? - Good sasages! - Buy a purs? - Buy a dish a flounders? - Buy a footestoole? - Buy a fine bowpot? - Buy a pair a shoes? - Buy any garters? - Featherbeds to dryue? - Buy any bottens? - Buy any whiting maps? - Buy any tape? - -[Illustration: "_Sixpence a pound, Fair Cherryes!_"] - - Worcestershyr salt! - Ripe damsons! - Buy any marking stoēs? - The Bear bayting. - Buy any blew starch? - Buy any points? - New Hadog! - Yards and Ells! - Buy a fyne brush? - Hote mutton poys! - New sprats new! - New cod new! - Buy any reasons? - P. and glasses to mend - -The public "Cryer" on the third sheet, who bears a staff and keys, -humorously speaks as follows: - - "O yis, any man or woman that - Can tell any tydings of a little - Mayden childe of the age of 24 - Yeares. Bring worde to the Cryer - And you shal be pleased for - Your labor, - And God's blessinge." - -Then follow: - - Buy any wheat? - Buy al my smelts? - Quick periwinckels! - Rype chesnuts! - Payres fyn! - White redish whyt! - Buy any whyting? - Buy any bone lays? - I ha rype straberies! - Buy a case for a hat? - Birds and hens! - Hote podding pyes! - Buy a hair line? - Buy any pompcons? - Whyt scalions! - Rype walnuts! - -[Illustration: "_Songs, penny a sheet!_"] - - Fyne potatos fyn! - Hote eele pyes! - Fresh cheese and creame? - Buy any garlick? - Buy a longe brush? - Whyt carots whyt! - Fyne pomgranats! - Buy any Russes? - Hats or caps to dress? - Wood to cleave? - Pins of the Maker! - Any sciruy gras? - Any cornes to pick? - Buy any parsnips? - Hot codlinges hot! - Buy all my soales? - Good morrow m. - Buy any cocumber? - New thornebacke! - Fyne oate cakes! - -From all this it will be seen that merchandise of almost every -description was formerly "carried and cried" in the streets. When shops -were little more than open shanties, the apprentice's cry of "What d'ye -lack, what d'ye lack, my masters?" was often accompanied by a running -description of the goods on sale, together with personal remarks, -complimentary or otherwise, to likely and unlikely buyers. - -A very puzzling London Cry, yet at one time a very common one, was "A -tormentor for your fleas!"[6] What the instrument so heralded could have -been, one can but dimly guess. A contributor to _Fraser's Magazine_, -tells us that in a collection of London Cries appended to Thomas -Heywood's _Rape of Lucrece_ (1608), he gives us this one: "Buy a very -fine mouse-trap, or a tormentor for your fleaes;" and the cry of the -mouse-trap man in Ben Jonson's Bartholomew Fair (1614), is, "Buy a -mouse-trap, a mouse-trap, or a tormentor for a flea." The flea-trap is -also alluded to in _The Bonduca_ of Beaumont and Fletcher, and in -_Travels of Twelve-Pence_, by Taylor, the Water Poet; and it reappears -in a broadside in the Roxburgh Collection of Ballads, "The Common Cries -of London" [dated 1662, but probably written a hundred years earlier]: -"Buy a trap, a mouse-trap, a torment for the fleas!" When the great Bard -of the Lake School was on a tour, he made a call at an inn where Shelley -happened to be; but the conversation, which the young man would fain -have turned to philosophy and poetry and art, was almost confined to the -elder poet's prosaic description of his dog as "an excellent flea-trap." -It may be assumed that fleas were plentiful when this cry was in vogue; -and it may have been that the trap was part of the (undressed?) skin of -an animal with the hair left on, in which fleas would naturally take -refuge, drowning, perhaps, being their ultimate fate. But all this is -mere conjecture. - -It was unlikely that so close an observer of London life as Addison -should leave unnoticed the Cries of London; and the _Spectator_ is -interspersed with occasional allusions to them. In No. ccli. we read: -"There is nothing which more astonishes a Foreigner, and frights a -Country Squire, than the Cries of London. My good Friend Sir ROGER often -declares that he cannot get them out of His Head, or go to sleep for -them, the first Week that he is in Town. On the contrary, WILL HONEYCOMB -calls them the _Ramage de la Ville_, and prefers them to the Sounds of -Larks and Nightingales, with all the Musick of the Fields and Woods." - -In Steele's comedy of _The Funeral_, Trim tells some ragged soldiers, -"There's a thousand things you might do to help out about this town, as -to cry Puff-Puff Pyes; have you any Knives or Scissors to grind? or late -in an evening, whip from _Grub Street_ strange and bloody News from -_Flanders_; Votes from the House of Commons; Buns, rare Buns; Old Silver -Lace, Cloaks, Sutes or Coats; Old Shoes, Boots or Hats." - -Gay, too, who, in his microscopic lyric of the streets, _Trivia_, -omitted little, thus sings of various street cries:-- - - Now Industry awakes her busy sons; - Full charged with News the breathless hawker runs; - Shops open, coaches roll, carts shake the ground, - And all the streets with passing cries resound. - - * * * * * - -[Illustration: "_Buy a doll, Miss?_"] - - When all the Mall in leafy ruin lies, - And damsels first renew their Oyster cries. - - * * * * * - - When small coal murmurs in the hoarser throat, - From smutty dangers guard thy threatn'd coat. - - * * * * * - - What though the gathering mire thy feet besmear, - The voice of Industry is always near. - Hark! the boy calls thee to his destined stand, - And the shoe shines beneath his oily hand. - -Sadly he tells the tale of a poor Apple girl who lost her life on the -frozen Thames:-- - - Doll every day had walk'd these treacherous roads; - Her neck grew warpt beneath autumnal loads - Of various fruit: she now a basket bore; - That head, alas! shall basket bear no more. - Each booth she frequent past, in quest of gain, - And boys with pleasure heard her shrilling strain. - Ah, Doll! all mortals must resign their breath, - And industry itself submit to death! - The cracking crystal yields; she sinks, she dies, - Her head chopt off from her lost shoulders flies; - _Pippins_ she cry'd; but death her voice confounds; - And _pip_, _pip_, _pip_, along the ice resounds. - -Street cries have, before now, been made the vehicle for Political -Caricature, notably in _The Pedlars, or Scotch Merchants of London_ -(1763) attributed to the Marquis Townshend, which has particular -reference to Lord Bute. Eliminating the political satire, we get a long -list of street cries. The pedlars march two and two, carrying, of -course, their wares with them. The vendors of food are numerous. One -calls out "Dumplings, ho!" another, who carries a large can, wishes to -know "Who'l have a dip and a wallop for a bawbee?"[A] Then come "Hogs -Puddings;" "Wall Fleet Oysters;" "New Mackrel;" "Sevil Oranges and -Lemons;" "Barcelona Philberts;" "Spanish Chestnuts;" "Ripe Turkey Figs;" -"Heart Cakes;" "Fine Potatoes;" "New-born Eggs, 8 a groat;" "Bolognia -Sausages." Miscellaneous wants are met with "Weather Cocks for little -Scotch Courtiers;" "Bonnets for to fit English heads;" "Laces all a -halfpenny a piece;" "Ribbons a groat a yard;" "Fine Pomatum;" "Buy my -Wash Balls, Gemmen and Ladies;" "Fine Black Balls" (Blacking); "Buy a -Flesh Brush;" "Buy my Brooms;" "Buy any Saveall or Oeconomy Pans, -Ladies;" "Water for the Buggs;"[7] "Buy my pack-thread;" "Hair or -Combings" (for the manufacture of Wigs); "Any Kitchen Stuff;" "Buy my -Matches." - -Addison accuses the London street criers of cultivating the -accomplishment of crying their wares so as not to be understood; and in -that curious medley of _bons-mots_ and biographical sketches, "The -Olio," by Francis Grose,--dated 1796, but written probably some twenty -years earlier,--the author says, "The variety of cries uttered by the -retailers of different articles in the streets of London make no -inconsiderable part in its novelty to strangers and foreigners. An -endeavour to guess at the goods they deal in through the medium of -language would be a vain attempt, as few of them convey any articulate -sound. It is by their tune and the time of day that the modern cries of -London are to be discriminated." - -J. T. Smith says that the no longer heard cry of "Holloway Cheese-Cakes" -was pronounced "_All my Teeth Ache_;" and an old woman who sold mutton -dumplings in the neighbourhood of Gravel Lane called, "_Hot Mutton -Trumpery_;" while a third crier, an old man who dealt in brick-dust, -used to shout something that sounded exactly like "_Do you want a lick -on the head?_" Another man--a vendor of chickweed--brayed like an ass; -while a stentorian bawler, who was described as a great nuisance, -shouted "Cat's Meat," though he sold cabbages. - -Indeed, some of the cries in our own day would appear to be just as -difficult to distinguish. A lady tells me that in a poor district she -regularly visits, the coal-cart man cries: "I'm on the woolsack!" but -what he means is, "Fine Wallsend Coal!" The philologist will find the -pronunciation of the peripatetic Cockney vendor of useful and amusing -trifles--almost invariably penn'orths, by the way--worthy of careful -study. Here are a couple of phonetically rendered examples: "Bettnooks, -a penny fer two, two frer penny." [Button hooks, a penny for two, two -for a penny.] "En endy shoo-awn frer penny." [A handy shoe-horn for a -penny.] - -Amongst the twelve etched London Cries "done from the life" by Paul -Sandby, in 1766, and now scarce, are the following curious examples:-- - -My pretty little gimy [smart] tarter for a halfpenny stick, or a penny -stick, or a stick to beat your Wives or Dust your cloths! - -Memorandum books a penny a-piece of the poor blind. God bless you. Pity -the blind! - -Do you want any spoons--hard metal spoons? Have you any old brass or -pewter to sell or change? - -All fire and no smoke. A very good flint or a very good steel. Do you -want a good flint or steel? - -Any tripe, or neat's foot or calf's-foot, or trotters, ho! Hearts, Liver -or Lights! - -The simplers, or herb-gatherers, who were at one time numerous, supplied -the herb-shops in Covent Garden, Fleet, and Newgate Markets. They culled -from the hedges and brooks not only watercresses, of which London now -annually consumes about £15,000 worth, but dandelions, scurvy grass, -nettles, bittersweet, red valerian, cough-grass, feverfew, hedge -mustard, and a variety of other simples. Notwithstanding the greater -pungency of the wild variety, preferred on that account, of late years -watercress-growing has been profitably followed as a branch of market -gardening. In third-rate "genteel" neighbourhoods, where the family -purse is seldom too well filled, "Creeses, young watercreeses," varied -by shrimps or an occasional bloater, would appear to form the chief -afternoon solace. Towards the end of the last century scurvy-grass was -highly esteemed; and the best scurvy-grass ale is said to have been sold -in Covent Garden at the public-house at the corner of Henrietta Street. - -The modern dealer in simples, who for a few pence supplies pills and -potions of a more or less harmless character, calculated for the cure of -every bodily ailment that afflicts humanity, flourishes in the poorer -districts of London, and calls himself a herbalist. During the progress -of an all too short acquaintanceship struck up with a simpler in an -Essex country lane through the medium of a particularly fragrant and -soothing herb, the conversation happened on depression of spirits, and -dandelion tea was declared to be an unfailing specific. "You know, sir, -bad spirits means that the liver is out of order. The doctors gives you -a deadly mineral pizen, which they calls blue pill, and it certainly do -pizen 'em, but then you run the chance of being pizened yerself." A look -of astonishment caused him to continue. "You've noticed the 'oles in a -sheep's liver after it's cut up, 'aven't you? Well, them 'oles is caused -by slugs, and 'uman bein's is infested just the same. So is awsiz -(horses), but they don't never take no blue pill. Catch 'em! The doctors -knows all about it, bless yer, but they don't talk so plain as me. _I_ -calls out-of-sort-ishness 'slugs in the liver,' and pizens 'em with -three penn'rth of dandelion tea, for which I charges thrippence. _They_ -calls it 'sluggishness of the liver,' and pizens 'em with a penn'rth of -blue pill, for which they charges a guinea, and as often as not they -pizens the patient too." What a mine of "copy" that simple simpler would -have proved to a James Payn or a Walter Besant! - -The following at one time popular and often reprinted lines, to the tune -of "The Merry Christ Church Bells," are from the Roxburgh Collection of -Ballads: - - Here's fine rosemary, sage and thyme. - Come and buy my ground ivy. - Here's fetherfew, gilliflowers, and rue. - Come buy my knotted marjorum ho! - Come buy my mint, my fine green mint. - Here's lavender for your cloaths, - Here's parsley and winter savory, - And heartsease which all do choose. - Here's balm and hissop and cinquefoil, - All fine herbs, it is well known. - Let none despise the merry, merry wives - Of famous London town. - - Here's pennyroyal and marygolds, - Come buy my nettle-tops. - Here's watercresses and scurvy grass. - Come buy my sage of virtue, ho! - Come buy my wormwood and mugwort. - Here's all fine herbs of every sort, - And southernwood that's very good, - Dandelion and horseleek. - Here's dragon's tongue and horehound. - Let none despise the merry, merry wives - Of famous London town. - -Less characteristic is an old undated penny ballad from which we cull -the following lines:-- - - Wood, three bundles a penny, all dried deal; - Now, who'll buy a good flint or steel? - Buy a walking stick, a good ash stump; - Hearthstone, pretty maids, a penny a lump. - Fine mackrel; penny a plateful sprats; - Dog's meat, marm, to feed your cats? - -The cry of Saloop, a favourite drink of the young bloods of a hundred -and fifty years back, conveys no meaning to the present generation. -Considered as a sovereign cure for drunkenness, and pleasant withal, -saloop, first sold at street corners, where it was consumed principally -about the hour of midnight, eventually found its way into the coffee -houses. The ingredients used in the preparation of this beverage were of -several kinds--sassafras, and plants of the genus known by the simplers -as cuckoo-flowers, being the principal among them. Saloop finally -disappeared some five and twenty years ago. - -The watchman cried the time every half hour. In addition to a lantern -and rattle, he was armed with a stout stick. T. L. Busby, who in 1819 -illustrated "The Costumes of the Lower Orders of London," tells us that -in March the watchman began his rounds at eight in the evening, and -finished them at six in the morning. From April to September his hours -were from ten till five; and from November to the end of February, -twelve till seven. During the darkest months there was an extra watch -from six to twelve, and extra patrols of sergeants walked over the beats -at intervals. - -One of London's best known characters, the Waterman, does not appear to -have adopted a cry; or, if he did, no mention of it can be found. But a -correspondent of _Notes and Queries_ (5th S. I. May 2, 1874) says: "I -heard this verse of a very old (waterman's) song from a very old -gentleman on the occasion of the last overflow of the Thames:-- - - "'Twopence to London Bridge, threepence to the Strand, - Fourpence, Sir, to Whitehall Stairs, or else you'll go by land.'" - -The point of departure, however, is not given. - - "Fine Tie or a fine Bob, Sir!" According to Hone, - -this was the cry in vogue at a time when everybody, old and young, wore -wigs.[8] The price of a common one was a guinea, and every journeyman -had a new - -[Illustration: "_Past one o'clock, an' a fine morning!_"] - -one every year; each apprentice's indenture stipulating, in the language -of the officials who are still wig-wearers, that his master should find -him in "one good and sufficient wig, yearly, and every year, for, and -during, and unto, the expiration of the full end and term of his -apprenticeship." A verse of the time tells us:-- - - Full many a year in Middle Row has this old barber been, - Which those who often that way go have full as often seen; - Bucks, jemmies, coxcombs, bloods and beaux, the lawyer, the divine, - Each to this reverend tonsor goes to purchase wigs so fine. - -"Buy my rumps and burrs!" is a cry requiring a word of explanation. -Before the skins of the newly flayed oxen were consigned to the tanner, -the inside of the ear, called the burr, and the fleshy part of the tail -were removed, and when seasoned and baked are said to have formed a -cheap and appetising dish. - -Ned Ward, the author of that curious work, "The London Spy" (1703), -alludes to the melancholy ditty of "Hot baked Wardens [pears], and -Pippins;" and, in describing the amusements of Bartholomew Fair, states -that in leaving a booth he was assailed with "Will you buy a Mouse Trap -or a Rat Trap? Will you buy a Cloath Brush, or Hat Brush, or a Comb -Brush?" The writer possesses a very curious old scenic aquatint print in -the form of a fan mount, representing Bartholomew Fair in 1721. The -following descriptive matter is printed in the semicircular space under -the fan:-- - - "BARTHOLOMEW FAIR, 1721. - - This fair was granted by Henry the 1st, to one Rahere, a witty and - pleasant gentleman of his Court, in aid and for the support of an - Hospital, Priory, and Church, dedicated to St. Bartholomew, which - he built in repentance of his former profligacy and folly. The - succeeding Priors claimed, by certain Charters, to have a Fair - every year, during three days: viz., on the Eve, the Day, and on - the Morrow of St. Bartholomew. At this period the Clothiers of - England, and drapers of London, kept their Booths and Standings - there, and a Court of Piepouder was held daily for the settlement - of all Debts and Contracts. About the year 1721, when the present - interesting View of this popular Fair was taken, the Drama was - considered of some importance, and a series of minor although - regular Pieces were acted in its various Booths. At Lee and - Harper's the Siege of Berthulia is performing, in which is - introduced the Tragedy of Holifernis. Persons of Rank were also its - occasional visitors, and the figure on the right is supposed to be - that of Sir Robert Walpole, then Prime Minister. Fawkes, the famous - conjuror, forms a conspicuous feature, and is the only portrait of - him known to exist. The remaining amusements are not unlike those - of our day, except in the articles of Hollands and Gin, with which - the lower orders were then accustomed to indulge, unfettered by - licence or excise." - -Amongst the numerous figures represented on the fan mount, but not -mentioned by its publisher, Mr. Setchel, is that of the crier of apples, -whose basket is piled high with tempting fruit. Another woman has charge -of a barrow laden with pears as big as pumpkins; and a couple of -oyster-women, whose wares are on the same gigantic scale, are evidently -engaged in a hot wrangle. Although foreign to our subject, it may be -mentioned that the statement as to the portrait of Fawkes the conjuror -being the only one known, is incorrect. - - Let not the ballad singer's shrilling strain - Amid the swarm thy listening ear detain: - Guard well thy pocket, for these syrens stand - To aid the labours of the diving hand; - -[Illustration: - - "_Ye maidens and men, come for what you lack,_ - _And buy the fair Ballads I have in my pack._" - --Pedlar's Lamentation. -] - - Confederate in the cheat, they draw the throng, - And Cambric handkerchiefs reward the song. - -A state of things very graphically delineated in another print of -"Barthelemew Fair" (1739), where a ballad singer is roaring out a -_caveat against cut purses_ whilst a pick-pocket is operating on one of -his audience. - -The old cry of "Marking Irons" has died out. The letters were cast in -iron, and sets of initials were made up and securely fixed in -long-handled iron boxes. The marking irons were heated and impressed as -a proof of ownership. - - Hence ladders, bellows, tubs, and pails, - Brooms, benches, and what not, - Just as the owner's taste prevails, - Have his initials got. - -"My name and your name, your father's name and mother's name." - -Hone says: "I well remember to have heard this cry when a boy. The -type-seller composed my own name for me, which I was thereby enabled to -imprint on paper with common writing-ink. I think it has become wholly -extinct within the last ten years." - -Amongst later prints of the London Cries, none are at present so highly -prized as the folio set engraved in the early part of this century by -Schiavonetti and others after Wheatley. Treated in the sentimentally -pretty style of the period, they make, when framed, wall decorations -which accord well with the prevailing old-fashioned furniture. If in -good condition, the set of twelve will now readily fetch £20 at -Christie's; and if coloured, £30 would not be considered too high a -price, though five-and-twenty years ago they might easily have been -picked up for as many shillings. Their titles are as follows:-- - - Knives, scissors, and razors to grind! - Old chairs to mend! - Milk below, maids! - Strawberrys, scarlet strawberrys! - Two bundles a penny, primroses, two bundles a penny! - Do you want any matches? - Round and sound, fivepence a pound, Duke cherries! - Sweet China oranges! - Hot spiced gingerbread, smoking hot! - Fresh gathered peas, young Hastings! - A new love song, only a halfpenny apiece! - Turnips and carrots, oh! - -In connection with the last cry, here is Dr. Johnson's humorous -reference thereto:-- - - If the man who turnips cries, - Cry not when his father dies, - 'Tis a proof that he had rather - Have a turnip than a father! - -The modern bootblack with his "Clean yer boots, shine 'em, sir?" is the -successor of the obsolete shoeblack, whose stock-in-trade consisted of -liquid blacking, an old wig for removing dust or wet, a knife for use on -very muddy days, and brushes. Towards the end of the last century, -Finsbury Square--then an open field--was a favourite place for -shoeblacks, who intercepted the city merchants and their clerks in their -daily walks to and from their residences in the villages of Islington -and Hoxton. At that time tight breeches and shoes were worn; and the -shoeblack was careful not to smear the buckles or soil the fine white -stockings of his patrons. In a print of this period the cry is "Japan -your shoes, your honour?" Cake blacking, introduced by that famous, but, -as regards the last mentioned, somewhat antagonistic trio, Day, Martin, -and Warren, "the most poetical of blacking makers and most transparent -of poets," which was quickly taken into general use, snuffed out the -shoeblack; and from about 1820 until the time of the first Exhibition in -1851, when the shoeblack brigade in connection - -[Illustration: '_Fresh and sweet!_'] - -with ragged schools was started, London may be said to have blacked its -own boots. - -[Illustration: "_Fresh Cabbidge!_"] - -Bill Sykes the costermonger, or "costard"-monger, as he was originally -called from his trade of selling apples, now flourishes under -difficulties. What with the envious complaints of the small shopkeepers -whom he undersells, and the supercilious rebuffs of the policeman who -keeps him dodging about and always "on the move," Bill has a hard time -of it indeed. Yet he is distinctly a benefactor to the poorer portion of -humanity. He changes his cry with the stock on his barrow. He will -invest one day in pine-apples, when there is a glut of them--perhaps a -little over-ripe--in Pudding Lane; and in stentorian voice will then -make known his willingness to exchange slices for a halfpenny each, or -a whole one for sixpence. On other days it may be apples, or oranges, -fish, vegetables, photographs, or even tortoises; the latter being -popularly supposed to earn a free, if uncomfortable, passage to this -country in homeward-bound ships as wedges to keep the cargo from -shifting in the hold. It is not often that goods intended for the -thriving shopkeeper find their way to the barrow of the costermonger. -Some time ago amber-tipped cherry or briar-wood pipes were freely -offered and as freely bought in the streets at a penny each. Suddenly -the supply stopped; for the unfortunate wholesale dealer in Houndsditch, -who might have known better, had mistaken "dozen" for "gross" in his -advice; and at 6_s._ 6_d._ per gross the pipes could readily be retailed -for a penny each; whereas at the cost price of 6_s._ 6_d._ a dozen, one -shilling ought to have been asked. It seems that not only did the -importer imagine that the amber mouthpieces were imitation, but Bill -Sykes also thought he was "doing" the public when he announced them as -real. - -In the present race of street criers there are tricksters in a small -way; as, for instance, the well known character who picks up a living by -selling a bulky-looking volume of songs. His long-drawn and never varied -cry of "Three un-derd an' fif-ty songs for a penny!" is really "Three -under fifty songs for a penny." The book is purposely folded very -loosely so as to bulk well; but a little squeezing reduces it to the -thickness of an ordinary tract. Street criers are honest enough, -however, in the main. If vegetables are sometimes a little stale, or -fruit is suspiciously over-ripe, they do not perhaps feel absolutely -called upon to mention these facts; but they give bouncing penn'orths, -and their clients are generally shrewd enough to take good care of -themselves. Petty thieves of the area-sneak type use well-known cries as -a blind while pursuing their real calling,--match-selling often serving -as an opportunity for pilfering. Blacker sheep than these there are; but -fortunately one does not often come across them. Walking one foggy -afternoon towards dusk along the Bayswater Road, I was accosted by a -shivering and coatless vagabond who offered a tract. Wishing to shake -off so unsavoury a companion, I attempted to cross the road, but a few -yards from the kerb he barred farther progress "Sixpence, Sir, only -sixpence; I _must_ have sixpence!" and as he spoke he bared a huge arm -knotted like a blacksmith's. Raising a fist to match, he more than once -shot it out unpleasantly near, exhibiting every time he did so an -eruption of biceps perfectly appalling in its magnitude. That tract is -at home somewhere. - -[Illustration: - - "_Antique Ballads, sung to crowds of old, - _Now cheaply bought at thrice their weight in gold._" -] - -There are persons in London who get their living by manufacturing -amusing or useful penny articles, with which they supply the wholesale -houses in Houndsditch, who in turn find their customers in the hawkers -and street criers. The principal supply, however, is imported from the -Continent at prices against which English labour cannot compete. Soon -forgotten, each novelty has its day, and is cried in a different manner. -Until the law stepped in and put a stop to the sale, the greatest -favourite on public holidays was the flexible metal tube containing -scented water, which was squirted into the faces of passers-by with -strict impartiality and sometimes with blinding effect. - -"All the fun of the fair,"--a wooden toy which, when drawn smartly down -the back or across the shoulders, emits a sound as if the garment were -being rent--ranks perhaps second in the estimation of 'Arry and Emma -Ann--she generally gets called Emma Ran--when out for a holiday. "The -Fun of the Fair" is always about on public holidays, illuminations, Lord -Mayor's day, and in fact whenever people are drawn out of doors in, such -multitudes that the pathways are insufficient to hold the slowly moving -and densely packed human stream, which perforce slops over and amicably -disputes possession of the road with the confused and struggling mass -of vehicles composed of everything that goes on wheels. A real Malacca -cane, the smallest Bible in the world, a Punch and Judy squeaker, a bird -warbler, a gold watch and chain, and Scotch bagpipes, are, with numerous -others, at present popular and tempting penn'orths; while the cry of "A -penny for shillin' 'lusterated magazine"--the epitaph on countless -unsuccessful literary ventures--seems to many an irresistible -attraction. - -In connection with 'Arry, the chief producer of street noises, it may be -questioned whether London is now much better off than it was before the -passing of the Elizabethan Statutes of the Streets, by which citizens -were forbidden, under pain of imprisonment, to blow a horn in the night, -or to whistle after the hour of nine o'clock p.m. Sudden outcries in the -still of the night, and the making of any affray, or the beating of -one's wife--the noise rather than the brutality appears to have been -objected to--were also specially forbidden. If this old Act is still on -the Statute-book, it is none the less a dead letter. Our streets are now -paraded by companies of boys or half-grown men who delight in punishing -us by means of that blatant and horribly noisy instrument of dissonant, -unchangeable chords, the German concertina. In many neighbourhoods -sleep is rendered, until the early hours, impossible by men and women -who find their principal and unmolested amusement in the shouting of -music-hall songs, with an intermittent accompaniment of shriekings. -Professional street music of all kinds requires more stringent -regulation; and that produced by perambulating amateurs might with -advantage be well-nigh prohibited altogether. The ringing of Church -bells in the grey of the morning, and the early habits of the -chanticleer, are often among the disadvantages of a closely populated -neighbourhood. Nor are these street noises the only nuisance of the -kind. London walls and partitions are nearly all thin, and a person -whose neighbour's child is in the habit of practising scale exercises or -"pieces," should clearly have the right to require the removal of the -piano a foot or so from the wall, which would make all the difference -between dull annoyance and distracting torment. - -But we are wandering, and wandering into a dismal bye-way. Returning to -our subject, it is impossible to be melancholy in the presence of the -facetious salesman of the streets, with his unfailing native wit. Hone -tells us of a mildly humorous character, one "Doctor Randal," an -orange-seller, who varied the description of his fruit as circumstances -and occasions - -[Illustration: "_Stinking Fish!_"] - -demanded; as "Oratorio oranges," and so on. A jovial rogue whose beat -extends to numerous courts and alleys on either side of Fleet Street, -regularly and unblushingly cries, "Stinking Shrimps," and by way of -addenda, "Lor, _'ow_ they do stink to-day, to be sure!" His little joke -is almost as much relished as his shrimps and bloaters, and they appear -to be always of the freshest. Were it not that insufficient clothing and -an empty stomach are hardly conducive thereto, the winter cry so -generally heard after a fall of snow, "Sweep yer door away, mum?" might -fairly be credited to an attempt at facetiousness under difficulties, -while the grave earnestness of the mirth-provoking cry of the Cockney -boot-lace man, "Lice, lice, penny a pair boot-lice!" is strong evidence -that he has no thought beyond turning the largest possible number of -honest pennies in the shortest possible space of time. - -A search in our collection of books and ballads for London Cries, -humorous in themselves, discovers but two,-- - -"Jaw-work, up and under jaw-work, a whole pot for a halfpenny, -hazel-nuts!" - -and-- - -"New laid eggs, eight a groat--crack 'em and try 'em!" - -A somewhat ghastly form of facetiousness was a favourite one with a -curious City character, now defunct. He was a Jew who sold a nameless -toy--a dried pea loose in a pill box, which was fastened to a -horse-hair, and on being violently twirled, emitted a vibratory hum that -could be heard for some distance. Unless his unvarying cry, "On'y a -'a'penny," brought buyers to the fore, he gave vent to frequent -explosions of strange and impious language, which never failed to -provoke the merriment of the passer-by. - -Among the many living City characters is the man--from his burr -evidently a Northumbrian--who sells boot laces. His cry is, "Boot -laces--AND the boot laces." This man also has a temper. If sales are - -[Illustration: "_New laid eggs, eight a groat--crack 'em and try -'em!_"] - -slow, as they not uncommonly are, his cry culminates in a storm of -muttered abuse; after which mental refreshment he calmly proceeds as -before, "The boot laces--AND the boot laces." Most of us know by sight -the penny Jack-in-the-box seller, whose cry, as Jack pops up, on the -spring of the lid being released, is a peculiar double squeak, emitted -without movement of the lips. The cry is supposed to belong to the -internal economy of the toy, and to be a part of the penn'orth; but, -alas! Jack, once out of the hands of his music-master, is voiceless. The -numerous street sellers of pipe and cigar lights must have a hard time -of it. Following the lucifer match, with its attendant choking -sulphurous fumes, came the evil-smelling, thick, red-tipped, brown paper -slip charged with saltpetre, so that it should smoulder without flaming. -These slips, in shape something like a row of papered pins, were divided -half through and torn off as required. Like the brimstone match which -preceded, and the Vesuvian which followed, these lights (which were sold -in the shops at a penny a box, but in the streets at two and sometimes -three boxes for the same sum) utterly spoilt the flavour of a cigar; -hence the superiority of the now dominant wax vestas. The matches of a -still earlier period were long slips of dry wood smeared at either end -with brimstone. - -[Illustration: _Rowlandson Delin 1819_ - -"_Letters for post?_"] - -They would neither "light only on the box," nor off it, unless aided by -the uncertain and always troublesome flint, steel, and tinder, or the -direct application of flame. "Clean yer pipe; pipe-cleaner, a penny for -two!" is a cry seldom absent from the streets. The pipe-cleaner is a -thin, flexible, double-twisted wire, about a foot long, with short -bristles interwoven at one end, and now, "when everybody smokes who -doesn't," the seller is sure of a more or less constant trade. - -The buyers of the so-called penny ices sold in the London streets during -the summer months are charged only a halfpenny; and the numerous -vendors, usually Italians, need no cry; for the street _gamins_ and -errand boys buzz around their barrows like flies about a sugar barrel. -For obvious reasons, spoons are not lent. The soft and half-frozen -delicacy is consumed by the combined aid of tongue and fingers. -Parti-coloured Neapolitan ices, vended by unmistakable natives of -Whitechapel or the New Cut, whose curious cry of "'Okey Pokey" -originated no one knows how, have lately appeared in the streets. Hokey -Pokey is of a firmer make and probably stiffer material than the penny -ice of the Italians, which it rivals in public favour; and it is built -up of variously flavoured layers. Sold in halfpenny and also penny -paper-covered - -[Illustration: "_Knives and Scissors to Grind?_"] - -squares, kept until wanted in a circular metal refrigerating pot -surrounded by broken ice, Hokey Pokey has the advantage over its rival -eaten from glasses, inasmuch as it can be carried away by the purchaser -and consumed at leisure. Besides being variously flavoured, Hokey Pokey -is dreadfully sweet, dreadfully cold, and hard as a brick. It is -whispered that the not unwholesome Swede turnip, crushed into pulp, has -been known to form its base, in lieu of more expensive supplies from the -cow, whose complex elaboration of cream from turnips is thus -unceremoniously abridged. - -Another summer cry recalls to memory a species of house decoration, -which we may hope is rapidly becoming a thing of the past. "Ornaments -for yer fire stoves," are usually either cream-tinted willow shavings, -brightened by the interspersion of a few gold threads, or mats thickly -covered with rose-shaped bows and streamers of gaily-coloured tissue -papers. Something more ornate, and not always in better taste, is now -the fashion; the trade therefore has found its way from the streets to -the shops, and the old cry, "Ornaments for yer fire stoves," is likely -to be seldomer heard. - -Many of the old cries, dying out elsewhere, may still be familiar, -however, in the back streets of second - -[Illustration: "_O' Clo!_"] - -[Illustration: "_Dust, O!_"] - -and third rate neighbourhoods. The noisy bell[9] of the privileged -muffin-man can hardly be counted; but "dust, O,"--the dustman's bell is -almost a thing of the past--"knives and scissors,"--pronounced -sitthers--"to grind," "chairs to mend," "cat's and dawg's meat," the -snapped-off short "o' clo" of the Jewish dealer in left-off garments, -"fine warnuts, penny for ten, all cracked," "chestnuts all 'ot," "fine -ripe strawberries," "rabbit or 'air skins," "fine biggaroon cherries," -"fine oranges, a penny for three," and many others, are still shouted in -due season by leathern-lunged itinerant traders. The "O' clo" man is -nearly always historically represented, as in the Catnach illustration, -wearing - -[Illustration: "_Cat's and Dog's Meat!_"] - -several hats; but, though he may often be met with more than one in his -possession, he is now seldom seen with more than one on his head. -Calling the price before the quantity, though quite a recent innovation, -or more probably the revival of an old style, is almost universal. The -cry of "Fine warnuts, ten a penny," is now "A penny for ten, fine -warnuts," or "A penny for 'arf a score, fine warnuts." - -The cat's meat man has never, like some of his colleagues, aspired to -music, but apparently confines himself to the one strident monosyllable. -It has been stated, by the way, that the London cats, of which it seems -there are at present some 350,000, annually consume £100,000 worth of -boiled horse. Daintily presented on a skewer, pussy's meat is eaten -without salt; but, being impossible of verification, the statistics -presented in the preceding sentence may be taken with a grain. - -"Soot" or "Sweep, ho!" The sweep, accompanied by two or three -thinly-clad, half-starved, and generally badly-treated apprentices, who -ascended the chimneys and acted as human brushes, turned out in old -times long before daylight. It was owing to the exertions of the -philanthropist, Mr. Jonas Hanway, and before the invention of the -jointed chimney sweeping machine, that an Act was passed at the -beginning of - -[Illustration: - -BY -ROYAL APPOINTMENT - -_J. W. EVANS_ - -SHORT'S GARDENS--DRURY LANE - - _Famleys owning_ -Fresh _Cats & Dogs_ Tripe -Boiled and -Paunshes Waited on daily and regler. Taters -once a ============== Cart -fortnite NO CREDDIT kept -] - -[Illustration: "_Sw-e-e-p!_"] - -this century, providing that every chimney-sweeper's apprentice should -wear a brass plate in front of his cap, with the name and abode of his -master engraved thereon. The boys were accustomed to beg for food and -money in the streets; but by means of the badges, the masters were -traced, and an improvement in the general condition of the apprentices -followed. But the early morning is still disturbed by the long-drawn -cry, "Sw-e-e-p." This, and the not unmusical "ow-oo," of the jodeling -milkman--all that is left of "milk below maids,"--the London milk-maids -are usually strongly-built Irish or Welsh girls--and the tardier and -rather too infrequent "dust-o" are amongst the few unsuppressed Cries of -London-town. They are tolerated and continued because they are -convenient, and from a vague sense of prescriptive right dear to the -heart of an Englishman. - -[Illustration: "_Ow-oo!_"] - -Until quite recently, the flower girls at the Royal Exchange--decent and -well-behaved Irishwomen who work hard for an honest living--were -badgered and driven about by the police. They are now allowed to collect -and pursue their calling in peace by the Wellington statue, where their -cry, "Buy a flower, sir," is heard, whatever the weather, all the year -round. "Speshill 'dishun, 'orrible railway haccident," the outcome of an -advanced civilization, is a cry that was unknown to our forefathers. Our -forebears had often to pay a shilling for a newspaper, and the newsman -made known his progress through the streets by sound of tin trumpet: as -shown in Rowlandson's graphic illustration, a copy of the newspaper was -carried in the hatband. - -[Illustration: - - _Rowlandson Delin. 1819._ - -"_Great News!_"] - -"C'gar lights, 'ere y'ar, sir; 'apenny a box," and "Taters all 'ot," -also belong to the modern school of London Cries; while the piano-organ -is a fresh infliction in connection with the new order of street noises. -And although a sort of portable penthouse was used in remote times for -screening from heat and rain, the ribbed and collapsible descendant -thereof did not come into general use much before the opening of the -present century; hence the cry, "Any umbrellas-termend," may properly be -classed as a modern one. - -In the crowded streets of modern London the loudest and most persistent -cry is that of the omnibus conductor--"Benk," "Chairin' Krauss," -"Pic'dilly"; or it may be, "Full inside," or "'Igher up"; to which the -cabman's low-pitched and persuasive "Keb, sir?"--he is afraid to ply too -openly for hire--plays an indifferent second. Judging from Rowlandson's -illustration, his predecessor the hackney coachman shared cabby's -sometimes too pointedly worded objection to a strictly legal fare. - -The "under-street" Cries heard in our own time at the various stations -on the railway enveloping London, in what by courtesy is termed a -circle--the true shape would puzzle a mathematician to define--form an -interesting study. While a good many of the porters - -[Illustration: - - _Rowlandson Delin. 1819._ - -"_Wot d'yer call that?_"] - -are recruited from the country, it is a curious fact that in calling the -names of the various "sty-shuns" they mostly settle down--perhaps from -force of association "downt-tcher-now"--into one dead level of Cockney -pronunciation. - -As one seldom realizes that there is anything wrong with one's own way -of speaking, pure-bred Cockneys may be expected to quarrel with the -phonetic rendering given; however, as Dr. James Cantlie, in his -interesting and recently published "Degeneration amongst Londoners,"[10] -tells us that a pure-bred Cockney is a _rara avis_ indeed, the -quarrelsomely inclined may not be numerous, and they may be reminded -that the writer is not alone in his ideas as to Cockney pronunciation. -Appended to Du Maurier's wonderfully powerful picture of "The Steam -Launch in Venice" (Punch's Almanac, 1882), is the following wording:-- - - _'Andsome 'Arriet_: "Ow my! if it 'yn't that bloom-in' old Temple - Bar, as they did aw'y with out o' Fleet Street!" - - _Mr. Belleville_ (_referring to Guide-book_): "No, it 'yn't! It's - the fymous Bridge o' SIGHS, as BYRON - - went and stood on; 'im as wrote OUR BOYS, yer know!" - - _'Andsome 'Arriet_: "Well, I NEVER! It 'yn't much of a SIZE, - any'ow!" - - _Mr. Belleville_: "'Ear! 'ear! Fustryte!" - -This paragraph is from the London _Globe_ of January 26th, 1885: -"Spelling reformers take notice. The English alphabet--diphthongs and -all--does not contain any letters which, singly or in combination, can -convey with accuracy the pronunciation given by the newsboys to the cry, -'A-blowin' up of the 'Ouses of Parliament!' that rent the air on -Saturday. The word 'blowin'' is pronounced as if the chief vowel sound -were something like 'ough' in 'bough'; and even then an 'e' and a 'y' -ought to be got in somewhere." - -There are twenty-seven stations on the London Inner Circle -Railway--owned by two companies, the Metropolitan and District--and the -name of one only--Gower Street--is usually pronounced by "thet tchung -men," the railway porter, as other people pronounce it. ["Emma -Smith,"[11] while not a main line station, may be cited here simply as a -good example of Cockney, for 'Arry and 'Arriet are quite incapable of -any other verbal rendering.] They are cried as follows:-- - - "South Kenzint'nn." - "Glawster Rowd." - (owd as in "loud.") - "I Street, Kenzint'nn." - "Nottin' Ill Gite." - (ite as in "flight.") - "Queen's Rowd, Bizewater." - (ize as in "size.") - "Pride Street, Peddinten." - "Edge-wer Rowd." - (by common consent the Cockney refrains from saying "Hedge-wer.") - "Biker Street." - "Portland Rowd." - "Gower Street." - "King's Krauss." - (Often abbreviated to "'ng's Krauss.") - "Ferrinden Street." - "Oldersgit Street." - (no preliminary "H.") - "Mawgit Street." - "Bish-er-git." - "Ol'git." - "Mark Line." - "Monneym'nt." - "Kennun Street." - "Menshun Ouse." - "Bleckfriars." - "Tempull." - ("pull-pull-Tempull.") - "Chairin' Krauss." - "Wes'minster." - (One sometimes hears "Wes'minister": a provincialism.) - "S'n Jimes-iz Pawk." - (ime as in "time.") - "Victaw-ia." - "Slown Square." - (own as in "town.") - -Country cousins may be reminded that the guiding letters =I= or =O= so -boldly marked on the tickets issued on the London underground railway, -and, in the brightest vermilion, as conspicuously painted up in the -various stations, do not mean "Inner" or "Outer" Circle, but the inner -and outer lines of rails of the Inner Circle Railway. Though sanctioned -by Parliament more than twenty years ago, the so-called Outer Circle -Railway is still incomplete, its present form being that of a -horse-shoe, with termini at Broad Street and Mansion House, and some of -its principal stations at Dalston, Willesden, and Addison Road, -Kensington. - -[Illustration: TICKETS MARKED - -I☞ - -THIS WAY] - -[Illustration: TICKETS MARKED - -☜O - -THIS WAY] - -It has before been said that everything that could be carried has, at -some time or other, been sold in the streets; and it follows that an -approximately complete list of London Cries would reach a very large -total. From its mere length and sameness such a list would moreover be -apt to weary the reader; for not all cries have the interest of a -traditional phrase or intonation which gives notice of the nature of -the wares, even when the words are rendered unintelligible by the -necessity of vociferation. But a few of the most constant and curious -cries may be interesting to note. - -[Illustration: "_Hot Spice Gingerbread!_"] - - "'Tis all hot, nice smoaking hot!" - You'll hear his daily cry; - But if you won't believe, you sot - You need but taste and try - -[Illustration: "_Old Cloaths!_"] - - Coats or preeches do you vant? - Or puckles for your shoes? - Vatches too me can supply:-- - Me monies von't refuse. - -[Illustration: "_Knives to Grind!_"] - - Young gentlemen attend my cry, - And bring forth all your Knives; - The barbers Razors too I grind; - Bring out your Scissars, wives. - -[Illustration: "_Cabbages O! Turnips!_"] - - With mutton we nice turnips eat; - Beef and carrots never cloy; - Cabbage comes up with Summer meat, - With winter nice savoy. - - Holloway cheese cakes! - Large silver eels, a groat a pound, live eels! - Any New River water, water here? - Buy a rope of onions, oh? - -[Illustration: "_Sand 'O!_"] - - Buy a goose? - Any bellows to mend? - Who's for a mutton pie or an eel pie? - Who buys my roasting jacks? - Sand, ho! buy my nice white sand, ho! - -[Illustration: "_Buy a Live Goose?_"] - - Buy my firestone? - Roasted pippins, piping hot! - -[Illustration: "_Cherries, O! ripe cherries, O!_"] - -A whole market hand for a halfpenny--young radishes, ho! - -Sw-e-ep! - -[Illustration: COVENT GARDEN. - -"_Fine Strawberries!_"] - - Brick dust, to-day? - Door mats, want? - Hot rolls! - Rhubarb! - Buy any clove-water? - Buy a horn-book? - Quick (_living_) periwinkles! - Sheep's trotters, hot! - Songs, three yards a penny! - Southernwood that's very good! - Cherries O! ripe cherries O! - Cat's and dog's meat! - Samphire! - All a-growin', all a-blowin'. - Lilly white mussels, penny a quart! - New Yorkshire muffins! - Oysters, twelvepence a peck! - Rue, sage, and mint, farthing a bunch! - Tuppence a hundred, cockles! - Sweet violets, a penny a bunch! - Brave Windsor beans! - Buy my mops, my good wool mops! - Buy a linnet or a goldfinch? - Knives, combs, and inkhornes! - Six bunches a penny, sweet lavender! - New-laid eggs, eight a groat! - -[Illustration: "_Sweet Lavender!_"] - - Any wood? - Hot peas! - Hot cross buns! - Buy a broom? - Old chairs to mend! - Young lambs to sell! - Tiddy diddy doll! - Hearth-stone! - Buy my nice drops, twenty a penny, peppermint drops! - Any earthen ware, plates, dishes, or jugs, to-day,--any clothes to - exchange, Madam? - Holly O, Mistletoe! - Buy my windmills for a ha'penny a piece! [a child's toy.] - Nice Yorkshire cakes! - Buy my matches, maids, my nice small pointed matches! - Come, buy my fine myrtles and roses! - Buy a mop or a broom? - Hot rolls! - Will you buy a Beau-pot? - -Probably of Norman-French origin, the term "beau-pot" is still in use in -out-of-the-way country districts, to signify a posy or nosegay, in which -sweet-smelling herbs and flowers, as rosemary, sweet-briar, balm, - -[Illustration: "_Chairs to mend!_"] - -roses, carnations, violets, wall-flowers, mignonette, sweet-William, and -others that we are now pleased to designate "old fashioned," would -naturally predominate. - -[Illustration: "_All a blowin'!_"] - -Come buy my sweet-briar! - -[Illustration: - - _Rowlandson Delin. 1819._ - -"_Any Earthen Ware; buy a jug or a tea pot?_"] - -Any old flint glass or broken bottles for a poor woman to-day? - -[Illustration: "_Fresh Oysters! penny a lot!_"] - -Sweet primroses, four bunches a penny, primroses! - -Black and white heart cherries, twopence a pound, full weight, all round -and sound! - -[Illustration: - - _Rowlandson Delin. 1819._ - -"_Buy my Sweet Roses?_"] - -Fine ripe duke cherries, a ha'penny a stick and a penny a stick, ripe -duke cherries! - -Shrimps like prawns, a ha'penny a pot! - -Green hastings! - -[Illustration: "_Fine large Cucumbers!_"] - -Hot pudding! - -Pots and kettles to mend! - -'Ere's yer toys for girls an' boys! - -Brick-dust was carried on the backs of asses and sold for knife-cleaning -purposes at a penny a quart. - -[Illustration: "_'Ere's yer toys for girls an' boys!_"] - -The bellows-mender, who sometimes also followed the trade of a tinker, -carried his tools and apparatus buckled in a leathern bag at his back, -and practised his profession in any convenient corner of the street. - -Door-mats of all shapes were made of rushes or rope, and were sold at -from sixpence to several shillings each. - -The earliest green pea brought to the London market--a dwarf -variety--was distinguished by the name of Hasteds, Hastens, Hastins, or -Hastings, and was succeeded by the Hotspur. The name of Hastings was, -however, indiscriminately given to all peas sold in the streets, and the -cry of "green Hastings" was heard in every street and alley until peas -went out of season. - -The crier of hair brooms, who usually travelled with a cart, carried a -supply of brushes, sieves, clothes-horses, lines, and general turnery. - - All cleanly folk must like my ware, - For wood is sweet and clean; - Time was when platters served Lord Mayor - And, as I've heard, a Queen. - -His cry took the form of the traditional tune "Buy a broom," which may -even now be occasionally heard--perhaps the last survival of a street -trade tune--taken - -[Illustration: - - _Rowlandson Delin. 1819._ - -"_Curds and Whey!_"] - -up separately or in fitful chorus by the men and women of a travelling -store. The Flemish "Buy a Broom" criers, whose trade is gone, generally -went in couples or threes. Their figures are described by Hone as -exactly miniatured in the unpainted wooden doll, shaped the same before -and behind, and sold in the toy shops for the amusement of the little -ones. In the comedy of "The Three Ladies of London," printed in quarto -in Queen Elizabeth's reign (A.D. 1584), is this passage:-- - -"Enter Conscience with brooms at her back, singing as follows:-- - - New brooms, green brooms, will you buy any? - Maydens come quickly, let me take a penny." - -Hot rolls, which were sold at one and two a penny, were carried during -the summer months between the hours of 8 and 9 in the morning, and from -4 to 6 in the afternoon. - - Let Fame puff her trumpet, for muffin and crumpet, - They cannot compare with my dainty hot rolls; - When mornings are chilly, sweet Fanny, young Billy, - Your hearts they will comfort, my gay little souls. - -Muffins and crumpets were then, as now, principally cried during the -winter months. - -Hot pudding, sweet, heavy and indigestible, was sold in halfpenny slabs. - - Who wants some pudding nice and hot! - 'Tis now the time to try it; - Just taken from the smoking pot, - And taste before you buy it. - -The cry "One-a-penny, two-a-penny, _hot_ CROSS BUNS!" which,--now never -heard from the sellers on Good Friday,--is still part of a child's game, -remains as one of the best instances of English quantitative metre, -being repeated in measured time, and not merely by the ordinary accent. -The rhubarb-selling Turk, who appeared in turban, trousers, and--what -was then almost unknown amongst civilians--moustaches, was, fifty years -ago or more, a well known character in the metropolis. - -Sand was generally used in London, not only for cleaning kitchen -utensils, but for sprinkling over uncarpeted floors as a protection -against dirty footsteps. It was sold by measure--red sand, twopence -halfpenny, and white a penny farthing per peck. The very melodious -catch, "White Sand and Grey Sand, Who'll buy my White Sand!" was -evidently harmonized on the sand-seller's traditional tune. - -"Buy a bill of the play!" In the time of our great grandfathers, there -were no scented programmes, and the peculiar odour of the play-bills was -not due to the skill of a Rimmel. Vilely printed with the stickiest of -ink, on the commonest of paper, they were disposed of both in and -outside the theatre by orange-women, who would give one to a purchaser -of half a dozen oranges or so. In Hogarth's inimitably amusing and -characteristic print of _The Laughing Audience_, a couple of robustly -built orange-women are contending, with well-filled baskets, for the -favour of a bewigged beau of the period, who appears likely to become an -easy victim to their persuasions. - -"Knives to grind" is still occasionally heard, and the grinder's barrow -(_vide_ that depicted in Rowlandson's illustration on p. 59), is much -the same as it was a hundred years ago. At the beginning of the century -the charge for grinding and setting scissors was a penny or twopence a -pair; penknives a penny a blade, and table-knives one and sixpence and -two shillings a dozen. - -Rabbits were carried about the streets suspended at either end of a pole -which rested on the shoulder. - -The edible marine herb samphire, immortalized in connection with -"Shakespeare's Cliff" at Dover, was at one time regularly culled and as -regularly eaten. - -The once familiar cry of "Green rushes O!" is - -[Illustration: "_Cherries, fourpence a pound!_"] - -preserved only in verse. In Queen Elizabeth's time the floors of -churches as well as private houses were carpeted with rushes, and in -Shakespeare's day the stage was strewn with them. Rush-bearing, a -festival having its origin in connection with the annual renewal of -rushes in churches, was kept up until quite recently, and may even still -be practised in out-of-the-way villages. - -The stock of the "'arthstone" woman, who is not above doing a stroke of -business in bones, bottles, and kitchen stuff, is usually on a barrow, -drawn by a meek-eyed and habitually slow-paced donkey. - -The London Barrow Woman ("Ripe Cherries"), as preserved in the cut from -the inimitable pencil of George Cruikshank, has long since disappeared. -In 1830, when this sketch was made, the artist had to rely on his -memory, for she then no longer plied her trade in the streets. Her wares -changed with the seasons; but here a small schoolboy is being tempted by -ripe cherries tied on a stick. There being no importation of foreign -fruit, the cherries were of prime quality. May dukes, White heart, Black -heart, and the Kentish cherry, succeeded each other--and, when sold by -weight, and not tied on sticks, fetched sixpence, fourpence, or -threepence per lb., which was at least twopence or threepence less than -charged at the shops. - -[Illustration: "_Ripe Cherries!_"] - -The poor Barrow Woman appears to have been treated very much in the same -manner as the modern costermonger; but was without his bulldog power of -resistance. If she stopped to rest or solicit custom, street keepers, -"authorized by orders unauthorized by law," drove her off, or beadles -overthrew her fruit into the road. Nevertheless, if Cruikshank has not -idealized his memories, she was more wholesomely and stoutly clad than -any street seller of her sex--with the one exception of the -milkmaid--who is to be seen in our day, when the poor London woman has -lost the instinct of neatness and finish in attire. - -"Hot spiced gingerbread," still to be found in a cold state at village -fairs and junketings, used to be sold in winter time in the form of flat -oblong cakes at a halfpenny each, but it has long since disappeared from -our streets. - -"Tiddy Diddy Doll, lol, lol, lol" was a celebrated vendor of -gingerbread, and, according to Hone, was always hailed as the king of -itinerant tradesmen. It must be more than a century since this dandified -character ceased to amuse the populace. He dressed as a person of -rank--ruffled shirt, white silk stockings, and fashionable laced suit of -clothes surmounted by a wig and cocked hat decorated with a feather. He -was sure to be found plying his trade on Lord Mayor's - -[Illustration: "_Tiddy Diddy Doll._"] - -day, at open air shows, and on all public occasions. He amused the crowd -to his own profit; and some of his humorous nonsense has been preserved. - -"Mary, Mary, where are you _now_, Mary?" - -"I live two steps underground, with a wiscom riscom, and why not. Walk -in, ladies and gentlemen. My shop is on the second floor backwards, with -a brass knocker at the door. Here's your nice gingerbread, your spiced -gingerbread, which will melt in your mouth like a red-hot brickbat, and -rumble in your inside like Punch in his wheelbarrow!" He always finished -up by singing the fag end of a song--"Tiddy Diddy Doll, lol, lol, lol;" -hence his nickname of Tiddy Doll. Hogarth has introduced this character -in his Execution scene of the Idle Apprentice at Tyburn. Tiddy Doll had -many feeble imitators; and the woman described in the lines that follow, -taken from a child's book of the period, must have been one of them. - - Tiddy Diddy Doll, lol, lol, lol, - Tiddy Diddy Doll, dumplings, oh! - Her tub she carries on her head, - Tho' of'ener under arm. - In merry song she cries her trade, - Her customers to charm. - A halfpenny a plain can buy, - The plum ones cost a penny, - And all the naughty boys will cry - Because they can't get any. - -[Illustration: "_Large silver eels!_"] - -Fifty years ago "Young Lambs to Sell, two for a penny," which still -lingers, was a well known cry. They were children's toys, the fleece -made of white cotton-wool, attractively but perhaps a trifle too -unnaturally spangled with Dutch gilt. The head was of composition, the -cheeks were painted red, there were two black spots to do duty for eyes, -and the horns and legs were of tin, which latter adornment, my younger -readers may suggest, foreshadowed the insufficiently appreciated tinned -mutton of a later period. The addition of a bit of pink tape tied round -the neck by way of a collar made a graceful finish, and might be -accepted as a proof that the baby sheep was perfectly tame. - - Young lambs to sell, young lambs to sell. - Two for a penny, young lambs to sell. - If I'd as much money as I could tell, - I wouldn't cry young lambs to sell. - Dolly and Molly, Richard and Nell, - Buy my Young Lambs and I'll use you well! - -The later song-- - - Old chairs to mend, old chairs to mend. - If I'd as much money as I could spend, - I'd leave off crying old chairs to mend-- - ---is obviously copied from the original cry of "Young Lambs to Sell." In -addition to a few tools, the stock-in-trade of the travelling -chair-mender principally consisted of rushes, which in later days gave -place to cane split into strips of uniform width--a return to more - -[Illustration: "_Young lambs to sell._"] - -[Illustration: "_Buy my fine Myrtles and Roses!_"] - -ancient practice. The use of rush-bottomed chairs, which are again -coming into æsthetic fashion, cannot be traced back quite a century and -half. The chairs in Queen Anne's time were seated and backed with cane; -and in the days of Elizabeth the seats were cushioned and the backs -stuffed. Many years ago an old chair-mender occupied a position by a -stone fixed in the wall of one of the houses in Panyer Alley, on which -is cut the following inscription:-- - - WHEN Y HAVE SOVGHᵀ.. - THE CITY ROVND - YET STILL THIS IS - THE HIGHSᵀ.. GROVND - AVGVST THE 27 - 1688 - -Being entirely unprotected and close to the ground, this curious relic -of bygone times, which is surmounted by a boldly carved figure of a nude -boy seated on a panyer pressing a bunch of grapes between his hand and -foot, is naturally much defaced; and that it has not been carried away -piecemeal by iconoclastic curiosity-hunters, is probably due to its -out-of-the-way position. Panyer Alley, the most eastern turning leading -from Paternoster Row to Newgate Street, slightly rises towards the -middle; but is not, according to Mr. Loftie, an undoubted authority on -all matters pertaining to old London, the highest point in the city, -there being higher ground both in Cornhill and Cannon Street. In -describing Panyer Alley, Stow indirectly alludes to a "signe" therein, -and it is Hone's opinion that this stone may have been the ancient sign -let into the wall of a tavern. While the upper is in fair preservation, -the lower part of the inscription can hardly be read. When last -examined, a street urchin was renovating the figure by a -heartily-laid-on surface decoration of white chalk; and unless one of -the numerous antiquarian or other learned societies interested in old -London relics will spare a few pounds for the purchase of a protective -grating, there will shortly be nothing left worth preserving. - -"New-laid eggs, eight a groat," takes us back to a time when the best -joints and fresh country butter were both sixpence a pound. - -Years ago the tin oven of the peripatetic penny pieman was found to be -too small to meet the constant and ever-increasing strain made upon its -resources; and the owner thereof has now risen to the dignity of a shop, -where, in addition to stewed eels, he dispenses what Albert Smith -happily termed "covered uncertainties," containing messes of mutton, -beef, or seasonable fruit. Contained in a strong wicker basket with -legs, or in a sort of tin oven, the pieman's wares were formerly kept -hot by means of a small charcoal fire. A sip of a warm stomachic liquid -of unknown but apparently acceptable constituents was sometimes offered -gratuitously by way of inducement to purchase. The cry of "Hot Pies" -still accompanies one of the first and most elementary games of the -modern baby learning to speak, who is taught by his nurse to raise his -hand to imitate a call now never heard. - -The specimens of versification that follow are culled from various books -of London Cries, written for the amusement of children, towards the end -of the last century, and now in the collection of the writer:-- - - Large silver eels--a groat a pound, live eels! - Not the Severn's famed stream - Could produce better fish, - Sweet and fresh as new cream, - And what more could you wish? - - Pots and Kettles to mend? - Your coppers, kettles, pots, and stew pans, - Tho' old, shall serve instead of new pans. - I'm very moderate in my charge, - For mending small as well as large. - - Buy a Mop or a Broom! - - My mop is so big, it might serve as a wig - For a judge if he had no objection, - And as to my brooms, they'll sweep dirty rooms, - And make the dust fly to perfection. - - Nice Yorkshire Cakes! - - Nice Yorkshire cakes, come buy of me, - I have them crisp and brown; - They are very good to eat with tea, - And fit for lord or clown. - - Buy my fine Myrtles and Roses! - Come buy my fine roses, my myrtles and stocks, - My sweet-smelling balsams and close-growing box. - -Buy my nice Drops--twenty a penny, Peppermint drops! - -[Illustration: - - _Rowlandson Delin 1819_ - -"_Pots and Kettles to Mend!_"] - - If money is plenty you may sure spare a penny, - It will purchase you twenty--and that's a great many. - - Six bunches a penny, sweet blooming Lavender! - - Just put one bundle to your nose, - What rose can this excel? - Throw it among your finest clothes, - And grateful they will smell. - - Buy a live Chicken or a young Fowl? - - Buy a young Chicken fat and plump, - Or take two for a shilling?-- - Is this poor honest tradesman's cry; - Come buy if you are willing. - - Rabbit! Rabbit! - - Rabbit! a Rabbit! who will buy? - Is all you hear from him; - The rabbit you may roast or fry, - The fur your cloak will trim. - - My good Sir, will you buy a Bowl? - - My honest friend, will you buy a Bowl, - A Skimmer or a Platter? - Come buy of me a Rolling Pin, - Or Spoon to beat your batter. - -[Illustration: "_Six bunches a penny, sweet blooming Lavender!_"] - - Come buy my fine Writing Ink! - - Through many a street and many a town - The Ink-man shapes his way; - The trusty Ass keeps plodding on, - His master to obey. - - Dainty Sweet-Briar! - - Sweet-Briar this Girl on one side holds, - And Flowers in the other basket; - And for the price, she that unfolds - To any one who'll ask it. - -Any Earthen Ware, Plates, Dishes, or Jugs to-day,--any Clothes to -exchange, Madam? - - Come buy my Earthen Ware - Your dresser to bedeck; - Examine it with care, - There's not a single speck. - - See white with edges brown, - Others with edges blue; - Have you a left-off gown, - Old bonnet, hat, or shoe? - - Do look me up some clothes - For this fine China jar; - If but a pair of shoes, - For I have travelled far. - - This flowered bowl of green - Is worth a gown at least; - I am sure it might be seen - At any christening feast. - - Do, Madam, look about - And see what you can find; - Whatever you bring out - I will not be behind. - - * * * * * - - -The Illustrations. - -Ten of the illustrations by that great master of the art of caricature, -Thomas Rowlandson, are copied in _facsimile_ from a scarce set, -fifty-four in all, published in 1820, entitled "Characteristic Sketches -of the Lower Orders," to which there is a powerful preface, as -follows:-- - -"The British public must be already acquainted with numerous productions -from the inimitable pencil of Mr. ROWLANDSON, who has particularly -distinguished himself in this department. - -"There is so much truth and genuine feeling in his delineations of -human character, that no one can inspect the present collection without -admiring his masterly style of drawing and admitting his just claim to -originality. The great variety of countenance, expression, and -situation, evince an active and lively feeling, which he has so happily -infused into the drawings as to divest them of that broad caricature -which is too conspicuous in the works of those artists who have followed -his manner. Indeed, we may venture to assert that, since the time of -Hogarth, no artist has appeared in this country who could be considered -his superior or even his equal." - -The two illustrations--"Lavender," with a background representing Temple -Bar, and "Fine Strawberries," with a view of Covent Garden--are from -"Plates Representing the Itinerant Traders of London in their ordinary -Costume. Printed in 1805 as a supplement to 'Modern London' (London: -printed for Charles Phillips, 71, St. Paul's Churchyard)." The set is -chiefly interesting as representing London scenes of the period; many -parts of which are now no longer recognisable. - -The crudely drawn, but picturesquely treated "Catnach" cuts, from the -celebrated Catnach press in Seven Dials, now owned by Mr. W. S. Fortey, -hardly require separately indicating. - -The four oval cuts, squared by the addition of perpendicular lines, "Hot -spice gingerbread!" "O' Clo!" "Knives to Grind!" and "Cabbages O! -Turnips!" are facsimiled from a little twopenny book, entitled, "The -Moving Market; or, Cries of London, for the amusement of good children," -published in 1815 by J. Lumsden and Son, of Glasgow. It has a -frontispiece representing a curious little four-in-hand carriage with -dogs in place of horses, underneath which is printed this triplet:-- - - See, girls and boys who learning prize, - Round London drive to hear the cries, - Then learn your Book and ride likewise." - -The quaint cuts, "'Ere's yer toys for girls an' boys!" "New-laid eggs, -eight a groat,--crack 'em and try 'em!" "Flowers, penny a bunch!" -(frontispiece), and the three ballad singers, apparently taken from one -of the earliest chap-books, are really but of yesterday. For these the -writer is indebted to his friend, Mr. Joseph Crawhall, of -Newcastle-on-Tyne, who uses his cutting tools direct on the wood without -any copy. Mr. Crawhall's "Chap-book Chaplets," and "Old ffrendes wyth -newe Faces," quaint quartos each with many hundreds of hand-coloured -cuts in his own peculiar and inimitable style, and "Izaak Walton, his -Wallet Book," are fair examples of his skill in this direction. - -Two plates unenclosed with borders--"Old Chairs to mend!" and "Buy a -Live Goose?" are from that once common and now excessively scarce -child's book, _The Cries of London as they are Daily Practised_, -published in 1804 by J. Harris, the successor of "honest John Newbery," -the well-known St. Paul's Churchyard bookseller and publisher. - -George Cruikshank's London Barrow-woman ("Ripe Cherries"), "Tiddy Diddy -Doll," and other cuts, are from the original illustrations to Hone's -delightful "Every-Day Book," recently republished by Messrs. Ward, Lock -& Co. - -The cuts illustrating modern cries--"Sw-e-e-p!"; "Dust, O!"; "Ow-oo!"; -"Fresh Cabbidge!"; and "Stinking Fish!" are from the facile pencil of -Mr. D. McEgan. - -Finally, in regard to the business card of pussy's butcher, the -veracious chronicler is inclined to think that an antiquarian might -hesitate in pronouncing it to be quite so genuine as it looks. This -opinion coincides with his own. In fact he made it himself. As a -set-off, however, to the confession, let it be said that this is the -sole _fantaisie d'occasion_ set down herein. - - - - -APPENDIX. - -_From "Notes and Queries."_ - - -LONDON STREET CRY.--What is the meaning of the old London cry, "Buy a -fine mousetrap, or a _tormentor for your fleas_"? Mention of it is found -in one of the Roxburghe ballads dated 1662, and, amongst others, in a -work dated about fifty years earlier. The cry torments me, and only its -elucidation will bring ease. - -ANDREW W. TUER. - -The Leadenhall Press, E.C. - - * * * * * - -LONDON STREET CRY (6th S. viii. 348).--Was not this really a "tormentor -for your _flies_"? The mouse-trap man would probably also sell little -bunches of butcher's broom (_Ruscus_, the mouse-thorn of the Germans), a -very effective and destructive weapon in the hands of an active -butcher's boy, when employed to guard his master's meat from the attacks -of flies. - -EDWARD SOLLY. - - * * * * * - -LONDON STREET CRY (6th S. viii. 348, 393).--The following quotations -from Taylor, the Water Poet, may be of interest to Mr. TUER:-- - - "I could name more, if so my Muse did please, - Of Mowse Traps, and tormentors to kill Fleas." - _The Travels of Twelve-pence._ - - Yet shall my begg'ry no strange Suites devise, - As monopolies to catch Fleas and Flyes." - _The Beggar._ - Faringdon. WALTER HAINES. - - * * * * * - -I notice a query from you in _N. and Q._ about a London Street Cry which -troubles you. Many of the curious adjuncts to Street Cries proper have, -I apprehend, originally no meaning beyond drawing attention to the Crier -by their whimsicality. I will give you an instance. Soon after the union -between England and Ireland, a man with a sack on his back went -regularly about the larger streets of Dublin. His cry was: - - "Bits of Brass, - Broken Glass, - Old Iron, - Bad luck to you, Castlereagh." - -Party feeling against Lord Castlereagh ran very high at the time, I -believe, and the political adjunct to his cry probably brought the man -more shillings than he got by his regular calling. - -H. G. W. - -P.S.--I find I have unconsciously made a low pun. The cry alluded to -above would probably be understood and appreciated in the streets of -Dublin at the present with reference to the Repeal of the Union. - - * * * * * - -LONDON STREET CRY. -88, FRIARGATE, DERBY. - -DEAR SIR,-- - -The "Tormentor," concerning which you inquire in _Notes and Queries_ of -this date, was also known as a "Scratch-back," and specimens are -occasionally to be seen in the country. I recollect seeing one, of -superior make, many years ago. An ivory hand, the fingers like those of -"Jasper Packlemerton of atrocious memory," were "curled as in the act -of" scratching, a finely carved wrist-band of lace was the appropriate -ornament, and the whole was attached to a slender ivory rod of say -eighteen inches in length. The finger nails were sharpened, and the -instrument was thus available for discomfiting "back-biters," even when -engaged upon the most inaccessible portions of the human superficies. I -have also seen a less costly article of the same sort carved out of -pear-wood (or some similar material). It is probable that museums might -furnish examples of the "back scratcher," "scratch back," or "tormentor -for your fleas." - -Very truly yours, -ALFRED WALLIS. - - * * * * * - -JUNIOR ATHENÆUM CLUB, - -PICCADILLY, W. - -DEAR SIR,-- - -On turning over the leaves of _Notes and Queries_ I happened on your -enquiry _re_ "Tormentor for your fleas." May I ask, have you succeeded -in getting at the meaning or origin of this curious street cry? I have -tried to trace it, but in vain. It occurs to me as just possible that -the following circumstance may bear on it:-- - -The Japanese are annoyed a good deal with fleas. They make little cages -of bamboo--such I suppose as a small bird cage or mouse-trap--containing -plenty of bars and perches inside. These bars they smear over with -bird-lime, and then take the cage to bed with them. Is it not, as I say, -_just possible_, that one of our ancient mariners brought the idea home -with him and started it in London? If so, a maker of bird cages or -mouse-traps is likely to have put the idea into execution, and cried his -mouse-traps and "flea tormentors" in one breath. - -Faithfully yours, -DOUGLAS OWEN. - - * * * * * - -_From "Notes and Queries," April 18th, 1885._ - -LONDON CRIES.--A cheap and extended edition of my _London Street Cries_ -being on the eve of publication, I shall be glad of early information as -to the meaning of "A dip and a wallop for a bawbee"[A] and "Water for -the buggs."[12] I recollect many years ago reading an explanation of the -former, but am doubtful as to its correctness. - -ANDREW W. TUER. - -The Leadenhall Press, E.C. - - * * * * * - -One who was an Edinburgh student towards the end of last century told me -that a man carrying a leg of mutton by the shank would traverse the -streets crying "Twa dips and a wallop for a bawbee." This brought the -gude-wives to their doors with pails of boiling water, which was in this -manner converted into "broth." - -NORMAN CHEVERS, M.D. - -HANG -32, Tavistock Road, W. -_April 18th, 1885._ - - * * * * * - - -COCKNEY PRONUNCIATION. - -25, ARGYLL ROAD, KENSINGTON, W., - -_24th April, 1885_. - -DEAR MR. TUER,-- - -The Cockney sound of long ā which is confused with received _ī_, is very -different from it, and where it approaches that sound, the long _ī_ is -very broad, so that there is no possibility of confusing them in a -Cockney's ear. But is the sound Cockney? Granted it is very prevalent in -E. and N. London, yet it is rarely found in W. and S.W. My belief is -that it is especially an Essex variety. There is no doubt about its -prevalence in Essex, so that [very roughly indeed] "I say" there becomes -"oy sy." Then as regards the _ō_ and _ou_. These are never pronounced -alike. The _ō_ certainly often imitates received _ow_, though it has -more distinctly an _ō_ commencement; but when that is the case, _ou_ -has a totally different sound, which dialect-writers usually mark as -_aow_, having a broad _ā_ commencement, almost _a_ in _bad_. Finer -speakers--shopmen and clerks--will use a finer _a_. The sound of short -_u_ in _nut_, does not sound to me at all like _e_ in _net_. There are -great varieties of this "natural vowel," as some people call it, and our -received _nut_ is much finer than the general southern provincial and -northern Scotch sounds, between which lie the mid and north England -sounds rhyming to _foot_ nearly, and various transitional forms. -Certainly the sounds of _nut_, _gnat_ are quite different, and are never -confused by speakers; yet you would write both as _net_. - -The pronunciation of the Metropolitan area is extremely mixed; no one -form prevails. We may put aside educated or received English as entirely -artificial. The N., N.E., and E. districts all partake of an East -Anglian character; but whether that is recent, or belongs to the Middle -Anglian character of Middlesex, is difficult to say. I was born in the -N. district, within the sound of Bow Bells (the Cockney limits), over -seventy years ago, and I do not recall the _i_ pronunciation of _ā_ in -my boyish days, nor do I recollect having seen it used by the older -humourists. Nor do I find it in "Errors of Pronunciation and Improper -Expressions, Used Frequently and Chiefly by the Inhabitants of London," -1817, which likewise does not note any pronunciation of _ō_ like _ow_. -Hence I am inclined to believe that both are modernisms, due to the -growing of London into the adjacent provinces. They do not seem to me -yet prevalent in the W. districts, though the N.W. is transitional. -South of the Thames, in the S.W. districts, I think they are practically -unknown. In the S.E. districts, which dip into N. Kent, the finer form -of _aow_ for _ou_ is prevalent. The uneducated of course form a mode of -speech among themselves. But I am sorry to find even school teachers -much infected with the _ī_, _ow_, _aow_, pronunciations of _ā_, _ō_, -_ou_, in N. districts. - -Of course your Cockney orthography goes upon very broad lines, and you -are quite justified in raising a laugh by apparent confusions, where no -confusions are made by the speakers themselves, as Hans Breitmann did -with the German. The confusion is only in our ears. They speak a -language we do not use. To write the varieties of sounds, especially of -diphthongs, with anything like correctness, requires a phonetic alphabet -which cannot even be read, much less written, without great study, such -as you cannot look for in readers who want only to be amused. But -another question arises, Should we lay down a pronunciation? There never -has been any authority capable of doing so. Orthoepists may protest, -but the fashion of pronunciation will again change, as it has changed so -often and so markedly during the last six hundred years; see the proofs -in my _Early English Pronunciation_. Why should we not pronounce _ā_ as -we do _ī_, pronouncing _ī_ as we do _oy_? Why should we not call _ō_ as -we now call _ow_, pronouncing that as _aow_? Is not our _ā_ a change -from _ī_ (the German _ei_, _ai_) in _say_, _away_, _pain_, etc.? Is not -our _ou_ a change from our sound of _oo_ in _cow_, etc.? Again, our _oo_ -replaces an old _oh_ sound. There is nothing but fashion which rules -this. But when sounds are changed in one set of vowels, a compensating -change takes place in another set, and so no confusion results. In one -part of Cheshire I met with four sounds of _y_ in _my_, never confused -by natives, although a received speaker hears only one, and all arose -from different sources. Why is one pronunciation _horrid_ (or aw-ud), -and another not? Simply because they mark social grades. Of course I -prefer my own pronunciation, it's been my companion for so many years. -But others, just as much of course, prefer theirs. When I brought out -the _Phonetic News_, in phonetic spelling, many years ago, a newsvendor -asked me, "Why write _neewz_? We always say _nooze_." - -Very truly yours, - -ALEXANDER J. ELLIS. - -[Illustration] - - - - -Index. - - - Page - -A dip and a wallop for a bawbee!, 29, 125, 126 - -Act, Chimney Sweeps', 64 - -Addison, Cries of London, 25, 30 - -Albert Smith's "Covered Uncertainties", 111 - -Ale Scurvy-grass, 32 - -All my teeth ache!, 30 - -All the fun of the fair!, 50 - -Ancient tavern sign, 110 - -Anecdote of a simpler, 32 - -_Aphorisms, Book of_, 36 - -Area sneak thieves, 48 - -'Arry and Emma Ann, 50 - - -Bartholomew Fair, 38, 39, 42 - -_Bartholomew Fair_, Ben Jonson's (1614), 25 - -Beating of one's wife, 51 - -Beaumont and Fletcher's _Bonduca_, 25 - -Beau pot? Will you buy a, 86 - -Bellows-mender, 94 - -Bells, Merry Christ Church, 33 - -Belman, 20 - -Blacking, cake, 44 - -Black sheep, 48 - -Blowing a horn in the night, 51 - -_Bonduca_, Beaumont and Fletcher's, 25 - -_Book of Aphorisms_, 36 - -Boot-black, The modern, 44 - -Boot laces--AND the boot laces!, 54 - -Brickdust, 92 - -Bridgwater Library, 14 - -British Museum, Collection of cries in, 16 - -Buggs! Water for the, 29, 125, 126 - -Buns! Hot cross, 97 - -Busby's _Costumes of the Lower Orders_, 35 - -Business card of pussy's butcher, 65, 120 - -Buy a beau pot?, 86 - -Buy a bill of the play?, 97 - -"Buy a broom" criers, Flemish, 96 - -Buy a flower, sir?, 68 - -Buy my rumps and burrs?, 38 - -Buy my singing glasses?, 12 - - -Cake blacking, 44 - -Calling price before quantity, 64 - -Candlewick, 5 - -Cantlie's (Dr. J.) "Degeneration among Londoners", 72 - -Canwyke Street, 5 - -Caricature, political, Cries the vehicle for, 29 - -Catnach illustrations, 118 - -Cats, London, 64 - -Caveat against cut-purses, 42 - -Chairs in Queen Anne's time, 108 - -Chairs in Queen Elizabeth's time, 108 - -Chairs, rush-bottomed, 108 - -Characteristic sketches of the lower orders (1820), 117 - -Characters, Humorous, 52 - -Charles II., Cries in the time of, 18 - -Cherryes in the ryse, 3 - -Chimney Sweeps' Act, 64 - -Clean yer boots?, 44 - -Coachman, Hackney, 70 - -Cockney pronunciation, 31, 53, 72, 73, 74, 126-129 - -Cockney pronunciation, London _Globe_, 78 - -Colly Molly Puffe! _Spectator_, 12 - -Costermonger, or Costardmonger, 46 - -_Costumes of the Lower Orders_, Busby's, 35 - -"Covered Uncertainties," Albert Smith's, 111 - -Crawhall's (Joseph) illustrations, 119 - -Cream made of turnips, 60 - -Cries--Collection in British Museum, 16 - -Cries, Old London Street--Examples of, 76-92 - -Cries, Tempest's, 6 - -Cries in the time of Charles the Second, 18 - -Cries, Under-street, 70 - -Cries, vehicle for political caricature, 29 - -Cries of London, Addison's mention of, 25, 30 - -_Cries of London as they are daily Practised_, J. Harris (1804), 120 - -Cries of London, earliest mention of, 3 - -Cries of London, engraved by Schiavonetti and Wheatley, 42 - -Cries of London for the amusement of good children, 119 - -Cries of London, Humorous, 52, 53, 54 - -_Cries of London_, Lumsden's, 119 - -Cries of London, Roxburgh collection of, 25-33 - -Cries of London, Sandby's, 31 - -_Cries of London_ (J. T.) Smith's, 16 - -Cries of London. Specimens of versification, 111-117 - -Cries of London, _Spectator_, 25 - -Cries of York, 14 - -Cruikshank's London barrow-woman, 100 - -"Cryer," Public, 22 - -Cryes, Tempest's, 6 - -Cuckoo flowers, 35 - -Cut-purses, Caveat against, 42 - - -Dead letter act, A, 51 - -"Degeneration amongst Londoners," Dr. Jas. Cantlie's, 72 - -Description of Illustrations, 117-120 - -"Doing" the public, 47 - -Door Mats, 94 - -Doublets, Old, 10 - -Do you want a lick on the head?, 30 - -Du Maurier's Steam Launch in Venice, 72 - - -Earliest mention of London Cries, 3 - -Early green peas, 94 - -Early matches, 56 - -Early umbrellas, 70 - -Elizabethan Statutes of the streets, 51 - -_Everyday Book_, Hone's, 36, 42, 52, 96, 102, 110, 120 - - -Facetious salesmen of the streets, 52 - -Fair, Bartholomew, 38, 39, 42 - -Faux, the Conjurer, 40 - -Fine tie or a fine bob, sir?, 36 - -Fleas! Tormentor for, 24, 121-125 - -Flea trap, 25 - -Flemish "Buy a broom" criers, 96 - -Flower girls at the Royal Exchange, 68 - -"Flowers, Penny a Bunch!" (frontispiece), 119 - -Frontispiece, "Flowers, Penny a Bunch!", 119 - - -Gardner's Collection of Prints, 7 - -Gay's poor apple girl, 28 - -Gay's _Trivia_, 26 - -_Gazette, London_, 14 - -Gingerbread, Hot spiced, 102 - -Green peas, Early, 94 - -Green rushes, O!, 98 - -Grose, Francis--_The Olio_, 30, 62 - - -Ha! ha! Poor Jack!, 8 - -Hackney Coachman, 70 - -Hanway (Jonas) the philanthropist, 64 - -Herb gatherers, 32 - -Heywood's _Rape of Lucrece_, 24 - -Highest ground in London, 109, 110 - -Hokey-pokey, 58 - -Hone's _Everyday Book_, 36, 42, 52, 96, 102, 110, 120 - -Honest John Newbery, 120 - -Hot-baked wardens!, 38 - -Hot cross buns!, 97 - -Hot mutton trumpery!, 30 - -Hot pies, 111 - -Hot pudding, 96 - -Hot rolls, 96 - -Hot spiced gingerbread, 102 - -Hogarth's Idle Apprentice, 104 - -Hogarth's Laughing Audience, 98 - -Houndsditch, 47, 50 - -Humorous characters, 52 - -Humorous Cries of London, 52, 53, 54 - -Humorous nonsense, 104 - - -Ices, Neapolitan, 58 - -Ices, penny, 58 - -Idle Apprentice, Hogarth's, 104 - -Illustrations, Catnach, 118 - -Illustrations, Crawhall's, 119 - -Illustrations, Description of, 117-120 - -Illustrations, McEgan's, 120 - -Illustrations, Rowlandson's, 117 - -I'm on the woolsack!, 31 - -Imitators of Tiddy Diddy Doll, 104 - -Inner and Outer Circle Railway, 75 - -Inner Circle Railway, 73 - -Irons! Marking, 42 - -Itinerant traders, Plates representing (1805), 118 - - -Jack-in-the-box seller, 56 - -Japan your shoes, your honour?, 44 - -Jaw-work, up and under jaw-work!, 54 - -Johnson (Dr.), Turnips and carrots, O!, 43 - -Jonson's (Ben) _Bartholomew Fair_ (1614), 25 - - -Knives to grind!, 98 - - -Laughing Audience, Hogarth's, 98 - -Laroon, Capt., 7 - -Laroon, Marcellus, 6 - -Lice, penny a pair, boot lice!, 53 - -Lights--pipe and c'gar, 56 - -Loftie's _Old London_, 110 - -London barrow-woman, Cruikshank's, 100 - -London cats, 64 - -_London Cries, as they are daily Practised_, J. Harris (1804), 120 - -London Cries, earliest mention of, 3 - -London Cries, engraved by Schiavonetti and Wheatley, 42 - -London Cries, Humorous, 52, 53, 54 - -_London, Cries of--for the Amusement of Good Children_, 119 - -London Cries, Sandby's, 31 - -London Cries, Specimens of versification, 111-117 - -_London Gazette_, 14 - -London, Highest ground in, 109, 110 - -London Lyckpenny, 3 - -_London Spy_ (1703) Ned Ward's, 38 - -London street cries, Old, Examples of, 76, 92 - -_London, The Three Ladies of_ (1584), 96 - -Lord Mayor's day, 50 - -_Lower Orders_, Busby's _Costumes of the_, 35 - -Lower orders, Characteristic sketches of (1820), 117 - -Lucifer match, The, 56 - -Lumsden's _Cries of London_, 119 - -Lyckpenny, London, 3 - -Lydgate, John, 3 - - -Marking irons!, 42 - -Marking stones, 16 - -Marquis Townshend's, _The Pedlars_ (1763), 29 - -Match, Brimstone, 56 - -Match, Lucifer, 56 - -Match-selling, 48 - -Match, Vesuvian, 56 - -Matches, Early, 56 - -McEgan's illustrations, 120 - -Merry Christ Church bells, 33 - -Metropolitan and District Railways, 73 - -Milk below, maids!, 67 - -Modern boot-black, 44 - -Modern street cries, 62, 64, 67-70 - -_Morning in Town_, Swift's, 10 - -Muffin man, 62 - -My name and your name, etc., 42 - - -Nameless toy, A, 54 - -Neapolitan ices, 58 - -New laid eggs, crack 'em and try 'em!, 54 - -New laid eggs, eight a groat, 110 - -Newsman, The, 68 - -Newspaper, Shilling for a, 68 - -Nonsense, Humorous, 104 - -_Notes and Queries_, References to, 36, 121, 122, 125 - -Novelties from the continent, 50 - -Newbery, Honest John, 120 - - -O' Clo!, 62 - -Old chairs to mend!, 106 - -Old doublets, 10 - -'Okey-pokey, 58 - -_Old London_, Loftie's, 110 - -Old London street cries, Examples of, 76-92 - -_Olio, The_--Francis Grose, 30, 62 - -On the bough, 3 - -On'y a ha'penny!, 54 - -Orange seller, Dr. Randal, The, 52 - -Oranges! Oratorio, 53 - -Ornaments for your fire stoves!, 60 - -'Orrible railway haccident--speshill 'dishun, 68 - -Outcries in the night, 51 - - -Panyer Alley, 109 - -_Pedlars, The_ (1763) List of Cries in, 29 - -Penny for a shillin' 'lusterated magazine!, 51 - -Penny ices!, 58 - -Penny pieman, The, 111 - -Philanthropist, Jonas Hanway, The 64 - -Pieman, The penny, 111 - -Pins, Hone's Reference to, 7 - -Pipe cleaner--penny for two!, 58 - -Pipe-lights, 56 - -Plates representing itinerant traders (1805), 118 - -Play! Buy a bill of the, 97 - -Political caricature, Cries the vehicle for, 29 - -Poor apple girl, Gay's, 28 - -Prisoners! Remember the poor, 14 - -Pronunciation, Cockney, 31, 53, 72, 73, 74, 127-130 - -Pronunciation (Cockney) London _Globe_, 73 - -Public "Cryer", 22 - -Pudding, Hot, 96 - -Pussy's butcher, Business card of, 65, 120 - - -Queen Anne's time, Chairs in, 108 - -Queen Elizabeth's time, Chairs in, 108 - - -Rabbits, 98 - -Railway, Underground, 70 - -Railways, Inner and Outer Circle, 75 - -Railways, Metropolitan and District, 73 - -Randal (Dr.), the orange seller, 52 - -_Rape of Lucrece_, Heywood's, 24 - -Rat-catcher, 18 - -Remember the poor prisoners!, 14 - -Rolls, Hot, 96 - -Rowlandson's illustrations, 117 - -Roxburgh Collection, Cries of London, 25-33 - -Royal Exchange, Flower girls at the, 68 - -Ruddle, 16 - -Rumps and burrs! Buy my, 38 - -Rush-bearing, 100 - -Rush-bottomed chairs, 108 - -Rushes, green, 5 - -Ryster grene 5 - - -Salesmen of the streets, Facetious, 52 - -Saloop, 35 - -Samphire, 98 - -Sandby's (Paul) London Cries, 31 - -Scurvy-grass, Ale, 32 - -Shilling for a newspaper, 68 - -Shrimps! Stinking, 53 - -Simpler, Anecdote of a, 32 - -Simplers, 32 - -Singing glasses! Buy my, 12 - -Small coale, Swift's reference to, 10 - -Smith (J. T.) _Cries of London_, 16 - -Soot! or Sweep O!, 64 - -_Spectator_--Colly Molly Puffe!, 12 - -_Spectator_, Cries of London, 25 - -Speshill 'dishun, 'orrible railway haccident!, 68 - -Statutes of the streets, Elizabethan, 51 - -Steam Launch in Venice, Du Maurier's, 72 - -Steele's comedy of _The Funeral_, 26 - -Stinking shrimps!, 53 - -Stones, Marking, 16 - -Stop thief!, 16 - -Street cries, Modern, 62, 64, 67-70 - -Street music, Regulation of, 52 - -Sweep your door away, mum?, 53 - -Swift's _Morning in Town_, 10 - -Swift's reference to small coale, 10 - - -Tavern sign, Ancient 110 - -Taylor's _Travels of Twelvepence_, 25 - -Tempest's Cryes, 6 - -_The Funeral_, Steele's comedy of, 26 - -Thieves, Area sneak, 48 - -_Three ladies of London_ (1584), 96 - -Tiddy Diddy Doll, 102 - -Tiddy Diddy Doll's imitators, 104 - -Tinker, 94 - -Tormentor for your fleas!, 24, 121-125 - -Townshend, Marquis--_The Pedlars_, 29 - -Toy, A nameless, 54 - -_Travels of Twelvepence_, Taylor's, 25 - -Tricksters, 47, 48 - -_Trivia_, Gay's, 26 - -Troope every one!, 12 - -Turnips and carrots, O! Dr. Johnson's reference thereto, 43 - -Turnips, Cream made of, 60 - -Type seller, 42 - - -Umbrellas, Early, 70 - -Underground Railway, 70 - -Under-street Cries, 70 - - -Versification, Specimens of, in London Cries, 111-117 - - -Wardens! Hot baked, 38 - -Ward's (Ned) _London Spy_ (1703), 38 - -Watchman, 35 - -Water for the Buggs!, 29, 125, 126 - -Waterman, The, 36 - -"What d'ye ack?", 24 - -Whistling prohibited after 9 o'clock, 51 - -White sand and grey sand!, 97 - -Wigs, The best, 36 - -Woolsack! I'm on the, 31 - - -York, Cries of, 14 - -Young lambs to sell!, 105 - -[Illustration] - -EXTRACTS FROM - -FIELD & TUER'S BOOK LIST, -The Leadenhall Press, -_50, LEADENHALL STREET, LONDON, E.C._ - - * * * * * - -☞ All these books are on sale at THE OLD LONDON STREET, -728, Broadway, New York. - - -MR. F. G. HILTON PRICE, F.S.A. - - The Signs of Old Lombard Street. By F. G. HILTON PRICE, F.S.A., - with Sixty full-page 4to Illustrations by JAMES WEST. 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With Six Illustrations - from the original copper-plates engraved in 1778 by ISAAC TAYLOR; - and a Preface by JOHN OLDCASTLE. LONDON: Field & Tuer, The - Leadenhall Press, E.C. - -[Sixteen-Pence. - -The beautiful illustrations have been carefully and separately struck -off direct from the original copper-plates themselves--the only method -of printing by which the minuteness and beauty of the engraved work can -be properly rendered. - -"A marvellously cheap series illustrated with charming survivals of the -age of copperplate printing."--_Saturday Review._ - - * * * * * - - -SOLOMON GESSNER. - - SOLOMON GESSNER, "The Swiss Theocritus." With Six Illustrations and - Extra Portrait from the Original Copper-plates engraved in 1802 by - ROBERT CROMEK, from Drawings by THOMAS STOTHARD, R.A., and a - Preface by JOHN OLDCASTLE. LONDON: Field & Tuer, The Leadenhall - Press, E.C. - -[Sixteen-Pence. - - - -The beautiful illustrations have been carefully and separately struck -off direct from the original copper-plates themselves--the only method -of printing by which the minuteness and beauty of the engraved work can -be properly rendered. - -"The choice engravings from the original plates will have a charm of -thousands."--_St. James's Gazette._ - -MR. ANDREW W. TUER. - -(_Dedicated by gracious permission to Her Majesty the Queen._) - - The Follies and Fashions of Our Grand-Fathers (1807). Embellished - with Thirty-seven whole-page Plates, including Ladies' and - Gentlemen's Dress (hand-coloured and heightened with gold and - silver), Sporting and Coaching Scenes (hand-coloured), Fanciful - Prints, Portraits of Celebrities, etc. (many from original - copper-plates). By ANDREW W. TUER, author of "Bartolozzi and his - Works,' etc. LONDON: Field & Tuer, The Leadenhall Press, E.C. - - Large paper copies, crown 4to, with _earliest impressions_ of the - plates; 250 only, signed and numbered, at Three Guineas. - - Demy 8vo copies at Twenty-five Shillings. - - -Quaint, amusing, dependable, and distinctly covetable. The binding more -than suggests buckskin breeches and needlework samplers: in fact, they -are _there_. The extra illustrations include many quaint prints of the -period printed direct from the original copper-plates. - -"May at any time be confidently dipped into by readers in search of -quiet diversion."--_Graphic._ - - * * * * * - - - 1,000 Quaint Cuts from Books of Other Days, including Amusing - Illustrations from Children's Story Books, Fables, Chap-books, - etc., etc.; a Selection of Pictorial Initial Letters and Curious - Designs and Ornaments, from Original Wooden Blocks belonging to The - Leadenhall Press. LONDON: Field & Tuer, The Leadenhall Press, E.C. - -[Sixteen-Pence. - - A limited number printed on one side of the paper only at - Two-and-Eightpence. - - -"A wonderful collection of entertaining old wood engravings ... any one -of these delights is worth the one-and-fourpence."--_Saturday Review._ - -MR. A. R. COLQUHOUN. - - Amongst the Shans: By A. R. COLQUHOUN, F.R.G.S., etc., Author of - "Across Chrysê," "The Truth about Tonquin," "The Opening of China," - "Burma and the Burmans," &c. With upwards of Fifty Illustrations, - and an Historical Sketch of the Shans by HOLT S. HALLETT, preceded - by an Introduction on the "Cradle of the Shan Race," by TERRIEN DE - LACOUPERIE. LONDON: Field & Tuer, The Leadenhall Press, E.C. - -[Twenty-one Shillings. - - - -"Should be read by every English merchant on the look-out for new -markets."--_Globe._ - - * * * * * - - -MR. JOSEPH CRAWHALL. - - IZAAK WALTON: his Wallet Book, being the Songs in "THE COMPLEAT - ANGLER" newly set forth and Illustrated by JOSEPH CRAWHALL. - Hand-made paper; vellum bound, with inside humorously lettered - silk-sewn pockets. _Edition de luxe_, limited and numbered. The - numerous illustrations all separately hand-coloured. LONDON: Field - & Tuer, The Leadenhall Press, E.C. - - [One Guinea (500 Copies only); Large Paper, Two Guineas (100 copies - only). - -One of Mr. Crawhall's engraved blocks--that is, the boxwood block -itself--is attached as a pendant to a silk bookmarker to _each copy of -the large paper edition only_. - - * * * * * - - -MRS. ALFRED W. HUNT. - - Our Grandmothers' Gowns. By Mrs. ALFRED W. HUNT. With Twenty-four - Hand-coloured Illustrations, drawn by G. R. HALKETT. LONDON: Field - & Tuer, The Leadenhall Press, E.C. - -[Seven-and-Sixpence. - - - -Mrs. Hunt gives a short history of the dress of the period, in which she -carefully preserves the original descriptions of the plates as given in -contemporary fashion-books. - - * * * * * - - -☞ All these books are on sale at THE OLD LONDON STREET, 728, Broadway, -New York. - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[1] On the bough. - -[2] Candlewick. - -[3] Rushes green. - -[4] Mr. J. E. Gardner's collection of prints and drawings illustrating -London, and numbering considerably over 120,000, contains many fine -prints illustrating Old London Cries, including numerous examples of -the alterations here indicated. - -[5] "The Cries of London:" Copied from rare engravings or drawn from -the life by John Thomas Smith, late Keeper of the Prints in the British -Museum, 1839. On inquiring at the Print Department of the British -Museum for a copy of this work, the attendant knew nothing of it, and -was quite sure the department had no such book. It turned up on a -little pressure, however, but the leaves were uncut.--_Les morts vont -vite!_ - -[6] See Appendix. - -[7] See page 125. - -[8] "The best wigs are those made in Great Britain; they beat the -French and German ones all to sticks." _The Book of Aphorisms_, by a -modern Pythagorean, 1834. - -[9] Francis Grose tells us, in 1796, that some trades have from time -immemorial invoked musical assistance,--such as those of pie, post, and -dust men, who ring a bell. - - My bell I keep ringing - And walk about merrily singing - My muffins. - - -[10] "Degeneration amongst Londoners." By James Cantlie, M.A., M.B., -F.R.C.S. One Shilling. The Leadenhall Press, E.C. - -[11] Hammersmith. - -[12] See p. 29. - - - - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Old London Street Cries and the Cries -of To-day, by Andrew W. Tuer - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK OLD LONDON STREET CRIES *** - -***** This file should be named 61861-0.txt or 61861-0.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/6/1/8/6/61861/ - -Produced by Susan Skinner, Chuck Greif and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed. - -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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