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Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..72f9c8c --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #61861 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/61861) diff --git a/old/61861-0.txt b/old/61861-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 57d0474..0000000 --- a/old/61861-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,3600 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg EBook of Old London Street Cries and the Cries of -To-day, by Andrew W. Tuer - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org/license - - -Title: Old London Street Cries and the Cries of To-day - With Heaps of Quaint Cuts including Hand-coloured Frontispiece - -Author: Andrew W. Tuer - -Release Date: April 18, 2020 [EBook #61861] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK OLD LONDON STREET CRIES *** - - - - -Produced by Susan Skinner, Chuck Greif and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net - - - - - - - [Illustration: "_Flowers, penny a bunch._"] - - - - - Old London Street - Cries - - AND THE CRIES OF TO-DAY - - WITH - - _Heaps of Quaint Cuts_ - - INCLUDING - - _Hand-coloured Frontispiece_: - - BY - - ANDREW W. TUER, - - Author of "Bartolozzi and his Works," &c. - - [Illustration] - - 1887. - - NEW YORK: - - _Published for_ - - The Old London Street Company, - - 728, BROADWAY. - - [Rights Reserved: Wrongs Revenged! - - - - - [Illustration] - - PRINTED AT - THE LEADENHALL PRESS, - LONDON, E.C. - T 4,237. - - - - -Introductory. - - -The "Cries" have been sufficiently well received in bolder form to -induce the publication of this additionally illustrated extension at a -more popular price. - -[Illustration] - - - - -_Old London Street Cries._ - - -Dates, unless in the form of the luscious fruit of Smyrna, are generally -dry. It is enough therefore to state that the earliest mention of London -Cries is found in a quaint old ballad entitled "London Lyckpenny," or -Lack penny, by that prolific writer, John Lydgate, a Benedictine monk of -Bury St. Edmunds, who flourished about the middle of the fifteenth -century. - -These cries are particularly quaint, and especially valuable as a record -of the daily life of the time. - - * * * * * - - Then unto London I dyd me hye, - Of all the land it beareth the pryse: - Hot pescodes, one began to crye, - Strabery rype, and cherryes in the ryse;[1] - -[Illustration: "_I love a Ballad in print, a'life; for then we are sure -they are true._"--WINTER'S TALE, Act. iv., Sc. iv.] - - One bad me come nere and by some spyce, - Peper and safforne they gan me bede, - But for lack of money I myght not spede. - - Then to the Chepe I began me drawne, - Where mutch people I saw for to stande; - One spred me velvet, sylke, and lawne, - Another he taketh me by the hande, - "Here is Parys thred, the fynest in the land;" - I never was used to such thyngs indede, - And wantyng money I myght not spede. - - Then went I forth by London stone, - Throughout all Canwyke[2] Streete; - Drapers mutch cloth me offred anone, - Then comes me one cryed hot shepes feete; - One cryde makerell, ryster[3] grene, an other gan greete - On bad me by a hood to cover my head, - But for want of mony I myght not be sped. - - Then I hyed me into Est-Chepe; - One cryes rybbs of befe, and many a pye; - - * * * * * - -Since Lydgate's time the cries of London have been a stock subject for -ballads and children's books, of which, in various forms, some hundreds -must have appeared within the last two centuries. The cuts, unless from -the hand of a Rowlandson or a Cruikshank, are usually of the mechanical -order; and one finds copies of the same illustrations, though -differently treated, constantly reappearing. - -In the books there is usually a cut on each page, with a cry printed -above or underneath, and in addition a verse of descriptive poetry, -which, if not of the highest order, serves its purpose. - - With his machine and ass to help - To draw the frame along, - Pray mark the razor-grinder's yelp - The burden of his song. - His patched umbrella quick aloft - He mounts if skies should lower, - Then laughing whirls his wheel full oft, - Nor heeds the falling shower. - -A well-known collection is that entitled "Habits & Cryes of the City of -London, drawne after the Life; P. [Pearce] Tempest, excudit," containing -seventy-four plates, drawn by Marcellus Laroon [Lauron], and republished -in 1711. The first edition, with only fifty illustrations, had appeared -some three-and-twenty years earlier; and many of the copper-plates in -the later issue were so altered as to bring the costume into the -fashion of the time of republication. The hats had their high crowns cut -down into low; and shoe-buckles were substituted for laces. Otherwise -the plates,--with the exception of some of the faces, which were -entirely re-engraved,--were left in their original condition.[4] The -letter-press descriptions are in English, French, and Italian. The -engraver, Marcellus Lauron, or Captain Laroon, who was born in London, -has left on record that his family name was Lauron, but being always -called Laroon, he adopted that spelling in early life. Of the -seventy-four plates, those representing eccentric characters, etc., are -omitted from the list that follows:-- - - Any Card Matches or Save Alls? - Pretty Maids, Pretty Pins, Pretty Women! - - "I remember," says Hone, "that pins were disposed of in this - manner, in the streets by women. Their cry was a musical distich:-- - - 'Three Rows a Penny pins, - Short, Whites, and Mid-dl-ings!'" - - - -Ripe Strawberryes! - -[Illustration: "_Three Rows a Penny pins!_"] - - A Bed Matt [mat] or a Door Matt! - Buy a fine Table Basket? - Ha, ha, Poor Jack! - - Can hardly be called a London cry: the call of a well-known - character, who, accompanied by his wife, sold fish. - - Buy my Dish of great Eeles? - -[Illustration: "_Buy a fine Singing Bird?_"] - - Buy a fine singing Bird? - Buy any wax or wafers? - Fine Writeing Ink! - A Right Merry Song! - Old Shoes for some Broomes! - Hott baked Wardens [stewed pears] Hott! - Small Coale! - - Swift mentions this cry in his "Morning in Town." - - "The Small Coal Man was heard with cadence deep - Till drowned in shriller notes of 'Chimney Sweep.'" - - Maids, any Coonie [rabbit] Skinns? - Buy a Rabbit, a Rabbit? - Chimney Sweep! - Crab, Crab, any Crab? - Oh, Rare Shoe! - Lilly White Vinegar! - Buy any Dutch Biskets? - Ripe Speregas! [asparagus] - Buy a Fork or a Fire Shovel? [See p. 13.] - Maids, buy a Mapp? [mop] - Buy my fat Chickens? - Buy my Flounders? - Old Cloaks, Suits, or Coats? - - [Succeeding Old Doublets, the cry of a slightly earlier period.] - - Fair Lemons and Oranges? - -[Illustration: "_Fine Writeing Ink!_"] - - Old Chaires to Mend? - Twelve Pence a Peck, Oysters! - Troope every one! [See p. 17.] - - The man blowing a trumpet--troope every one!--was a street seller - of toy hobby-horses. He carried his wares in a sort of cage; and to - each rudely represented horse's head was attached a small flag. The - toy hobby-horse has long since disappeared, and nowadays we give a - little boy a stick to thrust between his legs as a Bucephalus. Hone - opines that our forefathers were better natured, for they presented - him with something of the semblance of the genuine animal. - - Old Satten, Old Taffety, or Velvet! - Buy a new Almanack! - Buy my Singing Glasses! - - These were long bell-mouthed glass tubes. The writer recollects - that when a boy he purchased, for a copper or two, fragile glass - trumpets of a similar description. - - Any Kitchen Stuffe have you, Maids? - Knives, Combs, or Inkhorns! - Four for Six Pence, Mackrell! - Any work for the Cooper? - Four Paire for a Shilling, Holland Socks! - Colly Molly Puffe! - - The cry of a noted seller of pastry. He is mentioned in the - _Spectator_, No. xxv. - - Sixpence a pound, Fair Cherryes! [See p. 21.] - -[Illustration: "_Buy a Fork or a Fire Shovel?_"] - - Knives or Cisers to Grinde! - Long thread Laces, long and strong! - Remember the poor Prisoners! - - In a series of early prints in the Bridgewater library, from copper - plates, by an unknown artist, probably engraved between 1650 and - 1680, there is one thus titled: "Some broken Breade and meate for - ye poore prisoners: for the Lorde's sake pittey the poore." Within - the memory of our fathers a tin box was put out from a grated - window in the Fleet prison, a prisoner meanwhile imploring the - public to remember the poor debtors. In the "Cries of York, for the - amusement of young children," undated, but published probably - towards the end of the last century, are the following lines:-- - - Of prisoners in the Castle drear - Come buy a Kalendar, - Their crimes and names are set down here - 'Tis Truth I do declare. - - - - A brass Pott or an Iron Pott to mend! - Buy my four ropes of Hard Onyons! - _London's Gazette_ here! - - The _London Gazette_, established in 1665. - - Buy a White Line or a Jack Line, or a Cloathes Line. - Any old Iron take money for? - Delicate Cowcumbers to pickle! - Any Bakeing Peares? - New River Water! - -[Illustration: "_Fine Oysters!_"] - -The cry of "Marking Stones," which marked black or red, and preceded the -daintier cedar-encased lead pencil of our own time, is not mentioned by -Laroon. J. T. Smith,[5] says that the colour of the red marking-stone -was due to "Ruddle," a colour not to be washed out, and that fifty years -ago (he wrote in 1839) it was the custom at cheap lodging-houses to mark -with it on linen the words, "_Stop thief!_" - -The following lines are from a sheet of London Cries, twelve in number, -undated, but probably of James the Second's time:-- - - Buy marking-stones, marking-stones buy, - Much profit in their use doth lie; - I've marking-stones of colour red, - Passing good, or else black lead. - -In the British Museum is a folio volume containing another curious -little collection, on three sheets, of early London cries; also undated -and of foreign - -[Illustration: "_Troope every one!_"] - -workmanship, but attributable to the time of Charles II. The first sheet -has a principal representation of a rat-catcher with a banner emblazoned -with rats; he is attended by an assistant boy, and underneath are these -lines:-- - - He that will have neither - Ratt nor mousse, - Lett him pluck of the tilles - And set fire of his hows. - -Then come the following cries: - - Cooper. - En of golde! - Olde Dublets! - Blackinge man. - Tinker. - Pippins! - Bui a matte! - Coales! - Chimney swepes. - Bui brumes! - Camphires! [Samphire] - Cherrie ripe! - Alminake! - Coonie skine! - Mussels! - Cabeches! - Kitchen stuff! - Glasses! - Cockels! - Hartti Chaks! - Mackrill! - Oranges, Lemens! - Lettice! - Place! - Olde Iron! - Aqua vitæ! - Pens and Ink! - Olde bellows! - Herrings! - Bui any milke? - -[Illustration: "_Milk below, Maids!_"] - - Piepin pys! - Osters! - Shades! - Turneps! - Rossmarie Baie! - Onions. - -The principal figure on the second sheet is the "Belman," with halberd, -lanthorn, and dog. - - Mayds in your Smocks, Loocke - Wel to your locke-- - Your fire - And your light, - & God - Give you good-night. - At - One o'Clock. - -This is followed by: - - Buy any shrimps? - Buy some figs? - Buy a tosting iron? - Lantorne Candellyht. - Buy any maydes? - The Water Bearer. - Buy a whyt pot? - Bread and Meate! - Buy a candelsticke? - Buy any prunes? - Buy a washing ball? - Good sasages! - Buy a purs? - Buy a dish a flounders? - Buy a footestoole? - Buy a fine bowpot? - Buy a pair a shoes? - Buy any garters? - Featherbeds to dryue? - Buy any bottens? - Buy any whiting maps? - Buy any tape? - -[Illustration: "_Sixpence a pound, Fair Cherryes!_"] - - Worcestershyr salt! - Ripe damsons! - Buy any marking stoēs? - The Bear bayting. - Buy any blew starch? - Buy any points? - New Hadog! - Yards and Ells! - Buy a fyne brush? - Hote mutton poys! - New sprats new! - New cod new! - Buy any reasons? - P. and glasses to mend - -The public "Cryer" on the third sheet, who bears a staff and keys, -humorously speaks as follows: - - "O yis, any man or woman that - Can tell any tydings of a little - Mayden childe of the age of 24 - Yeares. Bring worde to the Cryer - And you shal be pleased for - Your labor, - And God's blessinge." - -Then follow: - - Buy any wheat? - Buy al my smelts? - Quick periwinckels! - Rype chesnuts! - Payres fyn! - White redish whyt! - Buy any whyting? - Buy any bone lays? - I ha rype straberies! - Buy a case for a hat? - Birds and hens! - Hote podding pyes! - Buy a hair line? - Buy any pompcons? - Whyt scalions! - Rype walnuts! - -[Illustration: "_Songs, penny a sheet!_"] - - Fyne potatos fyn! - Hote eele pyes! - Fresh cheese and creame? - Buy any garlick? - Buy a longe brush? - Whyt carots whyt! - Fyne pomgranats! - Buy any Russes? - Hats or caps to dress? - Wood to cleave? - Pins of the Maker! - Any sciruy gras? - Any cornes to pick? - Buy any parsnips? - Hot codlinges hot! - Buy all my soales? - Good morrow m. - Buy any cocumber? - New thornebacke! - Fyne oate cakes! - -From all this it will be seen that merchandise of almost every -description was formerly "carried and cried" in the streets. When shops -were little more than open shanties, the apprentice's cry of "What d'ye -lack, what d'ye lack, my masters?" was often accompanied by a running -description of the goods on sale, together with personal remarks, -complimentary or otherwise, to likely and unlikely buyers. - -A very puzzling London Cry, yet at one time a very common one, was "A -tormentor for your fleas!"[6] What the instrument so heralded could have -been, one can but dimly guess. A contributor to _Fraser's Magazine_, -tells us that in a collection of London Cries appended to Thomas -Heywood's _Rape of Lucrece_ (1608), he gives us this one: "Buy a very -fine mouse-trap, or a tormentor for your fleaes;" and the cry of the -mouse-trap man in Ben Jonson's Bartholomew Fair (1614), is, "Buy a -mouse-trap, a mouse-trap, or a tormentor for a flea." The flea-trap is -also alluded to in _The Bonduca_ of Beaumont and Fletcher, and in -_Travels of Twelve-Pence_, by Taylor, the Water Poet; and it reappears -in a broadside in the Roxburgh Collection of Ballads, "The Common Cries -of London" [dated 1662, but probably written a hundred years earlier]: -"Buy a trap, a mouse-trap, a torment for the fleas!" When the great Bard -of the Lake School was on a tour, he made a call at an inn where Shelley -happened to be; but the conversation, which the young man would fain -have turned to philosophy and poetry and art, was almost confined to the -elder poet's prosaic description of his dog as "an excellent flea-trap." -It may be assumed that fleas were plentiful when this cry was in vogue; -and it may have been that the trap was part of the (undressed?) skin of -an animal with the hair left on, in which fleas would naturally take -refuge, drowning, perhaps, being their ultimate fate. But all this is -mere conjecture. - -It was unlikely that so close an observer of London life as Addison -should leave unnoticed the Cries of London; and the _Spectator_ is -interspersed with occasional allusions to them. In No. ccli. we read: -"There is nothing which more astonishes a Foreigner, and frights a -Country Squire, than the Cries of London. My good Friend Sir ROGER often -declares that he cannot get them out of His Head, or go to sleep for -them, the first Week that he is in Town. On the contrary, WILL HONEYCOMB -calls them the _Ramage de la Ville_, and prefers them to the Sounds of -Larks and Nightingales, with all the Musick of the Fields and Woods." - -In Steele's comedy of _The Funeral_, Trim tells some ragged soldiers, -"There's a thousand things you might do to help out about this town, as -to cry Puff-Puff Pyes; have you any Knives or Scissors to grind? or late -in an evening, whip from _Grub Street_ strange and bloody News from -_Flanders_; Votes from the House of Commons; Buns, rare Buns; Old Silver -Lace, Cloaks, Sutes or Coats; Old Shoes, Boots or Hats." - -Gay, too, who, in his microscopic lyric of the streets, _Trivia_, -omitted little, thus sings of various street cries:-- - - Now Industry awakes her busy sons; - Full charged with News the breathless hawker runs; - Shops open, coaches roll, carts shake the ground, - And all the streets with passing cries resound. - - * * * * * - -[Illustration: "_Buy a doll, Miss?_"] - - When all the Mall in leafy ruin lies, - And damsels first renew their Oyster cries. - - * * * * * - - When small coal murmurs in the hoarser throat, - From smutty dangers guard thy threatn'd coat. - - * * * * * - - What though the gathering mire thy feet besmear, - The voice of Industry is always near. - Hark! the boy calls thee to his destined stand, - And the shoe shines beneath his oily hand. - -Sadly he tells the tale of a poor Apple girl who lost her life on the -frozen Thames:-- - - Doll every day had walk'd these treacherous roads; - Her neck grew warpt beneath autumnal loads - Of various fruit: she now a basket bore; - That head, alas! shall basket bear no more. - Each booth she frequent past, in quest of gain, - And boys with pleasure heard her shrilling strain. - Ah, Doll! all mortals must resign their breath, - And industry itself submit to death! - The cracking crystal yields; she sinks, she dies, - Her head chopt off from her lost shoulders flies; - _Pippins_ she cry'd; but death her voice confounds; - And _pip_, _pip_, _pip_, along the ice resounds. - -Street cries have, before now, been made the vehicle for Political -Caricature, notably in _The Pedlars, or Scotch Merchants of London_ -(1763) attributed to the Marquis Townshend, which has particular -reference to Lord Bute. Eliminating the political satire, we get a long -list of street cries. The pedlars march two and two, carrying, of -course, their wares with them. The vendors of food are numerous. One -calls out "Dumplings, ho!" another, who carries a large can, wishes to -know "Who'l have a dip and a wallop for a bawbee?"[A] Then come "Hogs -Puddings;" "Wall Fleet Oysters;" "New Mackrel;" "Sevil Oranges and -Lemons;" "Barcelona Philberts;" "Spanish Chestnuts;" "Ripe Turkey Figs;" -"Heart Cakes;" "Fine Potatoes;" "New-born Eggs, 8 a groat;" "Bolognia -Sausages." Miscellaneous wants are met with "Weather Cocks for little -Scotch Courtiers;" "Bonnets for to fit English heads;" "Laces all a -halfpenny a piece;" "Ribbons a groat a yard;" "Fine Pomatum;" "Buy my -Wash Balls, Gemmen and Ladies;" "Fine Black Balls" (Blacking); "Buy a -Flesh Brush;" "Buy my Brooms;" "Buy any Saveall or Oeconomy Pans, -Ladies;" "Water for the Buggs;"[7] "Buy my pack-thread;" "Hair or -Combings" (for the manufacture of Wigs); "Any Kitchen Stuff;" "Buy my -Matches." - -Addison accuses the London street criers of cultivating the -accomplishment of crying their wares so as not to be understood; and in -that curious medley of _bons-mots_ and biographical sketches, "The -Olio," by Francis Grose,--dated 1796, but written probably some twenty -years earlier,--the author says, "The variety of cries uttered by the -retailers of different articles in the streets of London make no -inconsiderable part in its novelty to strangers and foreigners. An -endeavour to guess at the goods they deal in through the medium of -language would be a vain attempt, as few of them convey any articulate -sound. It is by their tune and the time of day that the modern cries of -London are to be discriminated." - -J. T. Smith says that the no longer heard cry of "Holloway Cheese-Cakes" -was pronounced "_All my Teeth Ache_;" and an old woman who sold mutton -dumplings in the neighbourhood of Gravel Lane called, "_Hot Mutton -Trumpery_;" while a third crier, an old man who dealt in brick-dust, -used to shout something that sounded exactly like "_Do you want a lick -on the head?_" Another man--a vendor of chickweed--brayed like an ass; -while a stentorian bawler, who was described as a great nuisance, -shouted "Cat's Meat," though he sold cabbages. - -Indeed, some of the cries in our own day would appear to be just as -difficult to distinguish. A lady tells me that in a poor district she -regularly visits, the coal-cart man cries: "I'm on the woolsack!" but -what he means is, "Fine Wallsend Coal!" The philologist will find the -pronunciation of the peripatetic Cockney vendor of useful and amusing -trifles--almost invariably penn'orths, by the way--worthy of careful -study. Here are a couple of phonetically rendered examples: "Bettnooks, -a penny fer two, two frer penny." [Button hooks, a penny for two, two -for a penny.] "En endy shoo-awn frer penny." [A handy shoe-horn for a -penny.] - -Amongst the twelve etched London Cries "done from the life" by Paul -Sandby, in 1766, and now scarce, are the following curious examples:-- - -My pretty little gimy [smart] tarter for a halfpenny stick, or a penny -stick, or a stick to beat your Wives or Dust your cloths! - -Memorandum books a penny a-piece of the poor blind. God bless you. Pity -the blind! - -Do you want any spoons--hard metal spoons? Have you any old brass or -pewter to sell or change? - -All fire and no smoke. A very good flint or a very good steel. Do you -want a good flint or steel? - -Any tripe, or neat's foot or calf's-foot, or trotters, ho! Hearts, Liver -or Lights! - -The simplers, or herb-gatherers, who were at one time numerous, supplied -the herb-shops in Covent Garden, Fleet, and Newgate Markets. They culled -from the hedges and brooks not only watercresses, of which London now -annually consumes about £15,000 worth, but dandelions, scurvy grass, -nettles, bittersweet, red valerian, cough-grass, feverfew, hedge -mustard, and a variety of other simples. Notwithstanding the greater -pungency of the wild variety, preferred on that account, of late years -watercress-growing has been profitably followed as a branch of market -gardening. In third-rate "genteel" neighbourhoods, where the family -purse is seldom too well filled, "Creeses, young watercreeses," varied -by shrimps or an occasional bloater, would appear to form the chief -afternoon solace. Towards the end of the last century scurvy-grass was -highly esteemed; and the best scurvy-grass ale is said to have been sold -in Covent Garden at the public-house at the corner of Henrietta Street. - -The modern dealer in simples, who for a few pence supplies pills and -potions of a more or less harmless character, calculated for the cure of -every bodily ailment that afflicts humanity, flourishes in the poorer -districts of London, and calls himself a herbalist. During the progress -of an all too short acquaintanceship struck up with a simpler in an -Essex country lane through the medium of a particularly fragrant and -soothing herb, the conversation happened on depression of spirits, and -dandelion tea was declared to be an unfailing specific. "You know, sir, -bad spirits means that the liver is out of order. The doctors gives you -a deadly mineral pizen, which they calls blue pill, and it certainly do -pizen 'em, but then you run the chance of being pizened yerself." A look -of astonishment caused him to continue. "You've noticed the 'oles in a -sheep's liver after it's cut up, 'aven't you? Well, them 'oles is caused -by slugs, and 'uman bein's is infested just the same. So is awsiz -(horses), but they don't never take no blue pill. Catch 'em! The doctors -knows all about it, bless yer, but they don't talk so plain as me. _I_ -calls out-of-sort-ishness 'slugs in the liver,' and pizens 'em with -three penn'rth of dandelion tea, for which I charges thrippence. _They_ -calls it 'sluggishness of the liver,' and pizens 'em with a penn'rth of -blue pill, for which they charges a guinea, and as often as not they -pizens the patient too." What a mine of "copy" that simple simpler would -have proved to a James Payn or a Walter Besant! - -The following at one time popular and often reprinted lines, to the tune -of "The Merry Christ Church Bells," are from the Roxburgh Collection of -Ballads: - - Here's fine rosemary, sage and thyme. - Come and buy my ground ivy. - Here's fetherfew, gilliflowers, and rue. - Come buy my knotted marjorum ho! - Come buy my mint, my fine green mint. - Here's lavender for your cloaths, - Here's parsley and winter savory, - And heartsease which all do choose. - Here's balm and hissop and cinquefoil, - All fine herbs, it is well known. - Let none despise the merry, merry wives - Of famous London town. - - Here's pennyroyal and marygolds, - Come buy my nettle-tops. - Here's watercresses and scurvy grass. - Come buy my sage of virtue, ho! - Come buy my wormwood and mugwort. - Here's all fine herbs of every sort, - And southernwood that's very good, - Dandelion and horseleek. - Here's dragon's tongue and horehound. - Let none despise the merry, merry wives - Of famous London town. - -Less characteristic is an old undated penny ballad from which we cull -the following lines:-- - - Wood, three bundles a penny, all dried deal; - Now, who'll buy a good flint or steel? - Buy a walking stick, a good ash stump; - Hearthstone, pretty maids, a penny a lump. - Fine mackrel; penny a plateful sprats; - Dog's meat, marm, to feed your cats? - -The cry of Saloop, a favourite drink of the young bloods of a hundred -and fifty years back, conveys no meaning to the present generation. -Considered as a sovereign cure for drunkenness, and pleasant withal, -saloop, first sold at street corners, where it was consumed principally -about the hour of midnight, eventually found its way into the coffee -houses. The ingredients used in the preparation of this beverage were of -several kinds--sassafras, and plants of the genus known by the simplers -as cuckoo-flowers, being the principal among them. Saloop finally -disappeared some five and twenty years ago. - -The watchman cried the time every half hour. In addition to a lantern -and rattle, he was armed with a stout stick. T. L. Busby, who in 1819 -illustrated "The Costumes of the Lower Orders of London," tells us that -in March the watchman began his rounds at eight in the evening, and -finished them at six in the morning. From April to September his hours -were from ten till five; and from November to the end of February, -twelve till seven. During the darkest months there was an extra watch -from six to twelve, and extra patrols of sergeants walked over the beats -at intervals. - -One of London's best known characters, the Waterman, does not appear to -have adopted a cry; or, if he did, no mention of it can be found. But a -correspondent of _Notes and Queries_ (5th S. I. May 2, 1874) says: "I -heard this verse of a very old (waterman's) song from a very old -gentleman on the occasion of the last overflow of the Thames:-- - - "'Twopence to London Bridge, threepence to the Strand, - Fourpence, Sir, to Whitehall Stairs, or else you'll go by land.'" - -The point of departure, however, is not given. - - "Fine Tie or a fine Bob, Sir!" According to Hone, - -this was the cry in vogue at a time when everybody, old and young, wore -wigs.[8] The price of a common one was a guinea, and every journeyman -had a new - -[Illustration: "_Past one o'clock, an' a fine morning!_"] - -one every year; each apprentice's indenture stipulating, in the language -of the officials who are still wig-wearers, that his master should find -him in "one good and sufficient wig, yearly, and every year, for, and -during, and unto, the expiration of the full end and term of his -apprenticeship." A verse of the time tells us:-- - - Full many a year in Middle Row has this old barber been, - Which those who often that way go have full as often seen; - Bucks, jemmies, coxcombs, bloods and beaux, the lawyer, the divine, - Each to this reverend tonsor goes to purchase wigs so fine. - -"Buy my rumps and burrs!" is a cry requiring a word of explanation. -Before the skins of the newly flayed oxen were consigned to the tanner, -the inside of the ear, called the burr, and the fleshy part of the tail -were removed, and when seasoned and baked are said to have formed a -cheap and appetising dish. - -Ned Ward, the author of that curious work, "The London Spy" (1703), -alludes to the melancholy ditty of "Hot baked Wardens [pears], and -Pippins;" and, in describing the amusements of Bartholomew Fair, states -that in leaving a booth he was assailed with "Will you buy a Mouse Trap -or a Rat Trap? Will you buy a Cloath Brush, or Hat Brush, or a Comb -Brush?" The writer possesses a very curious old scenic aquatint print in -the form of a fan mount, representing Bartholomew Fair in 1721. The -following descriptive matter is printed in the semicircular space under -the fan:-- - - "BARTHOLOMEW FAIR, 1721. - - This fair was granted by Henry the 1st, to one Rahere, a witty and - pleasant gentleman of his Court, in aid and for the support of an - Hospital, Priory, and Church, dedicated to St. Bartholomew, which - he built in repentance of his former profligacy and folly. The - succeeding Priors claimed, by certain Charters, to have a Fair - every year, during three days: viz., on the Eve, the Day, and on - the Morrow of St. Bartholomew. At this period the Clothiers of - England, and drapers of London, kept their Booths and Standings - there, and a Court of Piepouder was held daily for the settlement - of all Debts and Contracts. About the year 1721, when the present - interesting View of this popular Fair was taken, the Drama was - considered of some importance, and a series of minor although - regular Pieces were acted in its various Booths. At Lee and - Harper's the Siege of Berthulia is performing, in which is - introduced the Tragedy of Holifernis. Persons of Rank were also its - occasional visitors, and the figure on the right is supposed to be - that of Sir Robert Walpole, then Prime Minister. Fawkes, the famous - conjuror, forms a conspicuous feature, and is the only portrait of - him known to exist. The remaining amusements are not unlike those - of our day, except in the articles of Hollands and Gin, with which - the lower orders were then accustomed to indulge, unfettered by - licence or excise." - -Amongst the numerous figures represented on the fan mount, but not -mentioned by its publisher, Mr. Setchel, is that of the crier of apples, -whose basket is piled high with tempting fruit. Another woman has charge -of a barrow laden with pears as big as pumpkins; and a couple of -oyster-women, whose wares are on the same gigantic scale, are evidently -engaged in a hot wrangle. Although foreign to our subject, it may be -mentioned that the statement as to the portrait of Fawkes the conjuror -being the only one known, is incorrect. - - Let not the ballad singer's shrilling strain - Amid the swarm thy listening ear detain: - Guard well thy pocket, for these syrens stand - To aid the labours of the diving hand; - -[Illustration: - - "_Ye maidens and men, come for what you lack,_ - _And buy the fair Ballads I have in my pack._" - --Pedlar's Lamentation. -] - - Confederate in the cheat, they draw the throng, - And Cambric handkerchiefs reward the song. - -A state of things very graphically delineated in another print of -"Barthelemew Fair" (1739), where a ballad singer is roaring out a -_caveat against cut purses_ whilst a pick-pocket is operating on one of -his audience. - -The old cry of "Marking Irons" has died out. The letters were cast in -iron, and sets of initials were made up and securely fixed in -long-handled iron boxes. The marking irons were heated and impressed as -a proof of ownership. - - Hence ladders, bellows, tubs, and pails, - Brooms, benches, and what not, - Just as the owner's taste prevails, - Have his initials got. - -"My name and your name, your father's name and mother's name." - -Hone says: "I well remember to have heard this cry when a boy. The -type-seller composed my own name for me, which I was thereby enabled to -imprint on paper with common writing-ink. I think it has become wholly -extinct within the last ten years." - -Amongst later prints of the London Cries, none are at present so highly -prized as the folio set engraved in the early part of this century by -Schiavonetti and others after Wheatley. Treated in the sentimentally -pretty style of the period, they make, when framed, wall decorations -which accord well with the prevailing old-fashioned furniture. If in -good condition, the set of twelve will now readily fetch £20 at -Christie's; and if coloured, £30 would not be considered too high a -price, though five-and-twenty years ago they might easily have been -picked up for as many shillings. Their titles are as follows:-- - - Knives, scissors, and razors to grind! - Old chairs to mend! - Milk below, maids! - Strawberrys, scarlet strawberrys! - Two bundles a penny, primroses, two bundles a penny! - Do you want any matches? - Round and sound, fivepence a pound, Duke cherries! - Sweet China oranges! - Hot spiced gingerbread, smoking hot! - Fresh gathered peas, young Hastings! - A new love song, only a halfpenny apiece! - Turnips and carrots, oh! - -In connection with the last cry, here is Dr. Johnson's humorous -reference thereto:-- - - If the man who turnips cries, - Cry not when his father dies, - 'Tis a proof that he had rather - Have a turnip than a father! - -The modern bootblack with his "Clean yer boots, shine 'em, sir?" is the -successor of the obsolete shoeblack, whose stock-in-trade consisted of -liquid blacking, an old wig for removing dust or wet, a knife for use on -very muddy days, and brushes. Towards the end of the last century, -Finsbury Square--then an open field--was a favourite place for -shoeblacks, who intercepted the city merchants and their clerks in their -daily walks to and from their residences in the villages of Islington -and Hoxton. At that time tight breeches and shoes were worn; and the -shoeblack was careful not to smear the buckles or soil the fine white -stockings of his patrons. In a print of this period the cry is "Japan -your shoes, your honour?" Cake blacking, introduced by that famous, but, -as regards the last mentioned, somewhat antagonistic trio, Day, Martin, -and Warren, "the most poetical of blacking makers and most transparent -of poets," which was quickly taken into general use, snuffed out the -shoeblack; and from about 1820 until the time of the first Exhibition in -1851, when the shoeblack brigade in connection - -[Illustration: '_Fresh and sweet!_'] - -with ragged schools was started, London may be said to have blacked its -own boots. - -[Illustration: "_Fresh Cabbidge!_"] - -Bill Sykes the costermonger, or "costard"-monger, as he was originally -called from his trade of selling apples, now flourishes under -difficulties. What with the envious complaints of the small shopkeepers -whom he undersells, and the supercilious rebuffs of the policeman who -keeps him dodging about and always "on the move," Bill has a hard time -of it indeed. Yet he is distinctly a benefactor to the poorer portion of -humanity. He changes his cry with the stock on his barrow. He will -invest one day in pine-apples, when there is a glut of them--perhaps a -little over-ripe--in Pudding Lane; and in stentorian voice will then -make known his willingness to exchange slices for a halfpenny each, or -a whole one for sixpence. On other days it may be apples, or oranges, -fish, vegetables, photographs, or even tortoises; the latter being -popularly supposed to earn a free, if uncomfortable, passage to this -country in homeward-bound ships as wedges to keep the cargo from -shifting in the hold. It is not often that goods intended for the -thriving shopkeeper find their way to the barrow of the costermonger. -Some time ago amber-tipped cherry or briar-wood pipes were freely -offered and as freely bought in the streets at a penny each. Suddenly -the supply stopped; for the unfortunate wholesale dealer in Houndsditch, -who might have known better, had mistaken "dozen" for "gross" in his -advice; and at 6_s._ 6_d._ per gross the pipes could readily be retailed -for a penny each; whereas at the cost price of 6_s._ 6_d._ a dozen, one -shilling ought to have been asked. It seems that not only did the -importer imagine that the amber mouthpieces were imitation, but Bill -Sykes also thought he was "doing" the public when he announced them as -real. - -In the present race of street criers there are tricksters in a small -way; as, for instance, the well known character who picks up a living by -selling a bulky-looking volume of songs. His long-drawn and never varied -cry of "Three un-derd an' fif-ty songs for a penny!" is really "Three -under fifty songs for a penny." The book is purposely folded very -loosely so as to bulk well; but a little squeezing reduces it to the -thickness of an ordinary tract. Street criers are honest enough, -however, in the main. If vegetables are sometimes a little stale, or -fruit is suspiciously over-ripe, they do not perhaps feel absolutely -called upon to mention these facts; but they give bouncing penn'orths, -and their clients are generally shrewd enough to take good care of -themselves. Petty thieves of the area-sneak type use well-known cries as -a blind while pursuing their real calling,--match-selling often serving -as an opportunity for pilfering. Blacker sheep than these there are; but -fortunately one does not often come across them. Walking one foggy -afternoon towards dusk along the Bayswater Road, I was accosted by a -shivering and coatless vagabond who offered a tract. Wishing to shake -off so unsavoury a companion, I attempted to cross the road, but a few -yards from the kerb he barred farther progress "Sixpence, Sir, only -sixpence; I _must_ have sixpence!" and as he spoke he bared a huge arm -knotted like a blacksmith's. Raising a fist to match, he more than once -shot it out unpleasantly near, exhibiting every time he did so an -eruption of biceps perfectly appalling in its magnitude. That tract is -at home somewhere. - -[Illustration: - - "_Antique Ballads, sung to crowds of old, - _Now cheaply bought at thrice their weight in gold._" -] - -There are persons in London who get their living by manufacturing -amusing or useful penny articles, with which they supply the wholesale -houses in Houndsditch, who in turn find their customers in the hawkers -and street criers. The principal supply, however, is imported from the -Continent at prices against which English labour cannot compete. Soon -forgotten, each novelty has its day, and is cried in a different manner. -Until the law stepped in and put a stop to the sale, the greatest -favourite on public holidays was the flexible metal tube containing -scented water, which was squirted into the faces of passers-by with -strict impartiality and sometimes with blinding effect. - -"All the fun of the fair,"--a wooden toy which, when drawn smartly down -the back or across the shoulders, emits a sound as if the garment were -being rent--ranks perhaps second in the estimation of 'Arry and Emma -Ann--she generally gets called Emma Ran--when out for a holiday. "The -Fun of the Fair" is always about on public holidays, illuminations, Lord -Mayor's day, and in fact whenever people are drawn out of doors in, such -multitudes that the pathways are insufficient to hold the slowly moving -and densely packed human stream, which perforce slops over and amicably -disputes possession of the road with the confused and struggling mass -of vehicles composed of everything that goes on wheels. A real Malacca -cane, the smallest Bible in the world, a Punch and Judy squeaker, a bird -warbler, a gold watch and chain, and Scotch bagpipes, are, with numerous -others, at present popular and tempting penn'orths; while the cry of "A -penny for shillin' 'lusterated magazine"--the epitaph on countless -unsuccessful literary ventures--seems to many an irresistible -attraction. - -In connection with 'Arry, the chief producer of street noises, it may be -questioned whether London is now much better off than it was before the -passing of the Elizabethan Statutes of the Streets, by which citizens -were forbidden, under pain of imprisonment, to blow a horn in the night, -or to whistle after the hour of nine o'clock p.m. Sudden outcries in the -still of the night, and the making of any affray, or the beating of -one's wife--the noise rather than the brutality appears to have been -objected to--were also specially forbidden. If this old Act is still on -the Statute-book, it is none the less a dead letter. Our streets are now -paraded by companies of boys or half-grown men who delight in punishing -us by means of that blatant and horribly noisy instrument of dissonant, -unchangeable chords, the German concertina. In many neighbourhoods -sleep is rendered, until the early hours, impossible by men and women -who find their principal and unmolested amusement in the shouting of -music-hall songs, with an intermittent accompaniment of shriekings. -Professional street music of all kinds requires more stringent -regulation; and that produced by perambulating amateurs might with -advantage be well-nigh prohibited altogether. The ringing of Church -bells in the grey of the morning, and the early habits of the -chanticleer, are often among the disadvantages of a closely populated -neighbourhood. Nor are these street noises the only nuisance of the -kind. London walls and partitions are nearly all thin, and a person -whose neighbour's child is in the habit of practising scale exercises or -"pieces," should clearly have the right to require the removal of the -piano a foot or so from the wall, which would make all the difference -between dull annoyance and distracting torment. - -But we are wandering, and wandering into a dismal bye-way. Returning to -our subject, it is impossible to be melancholy in the presence of the -facetious salesman of the streets, with his unfailing native wit. Hone -tells us of a mildly humorous character, one "Doctor Randal," an -orange-seller, who varied the description of his fruit as circumstances -and occasions - -[Illustration: "_Stinking Fish!_"] - -demanded; as "Oratorio oranges," and so on. A jovial rogue whose beat -extends to numerous courts and alleys on either side of Fleet Street, -regularly and unblushingly cries, "Stinking Shrimps," and by way of -addenda, "Lor, _'ow_ they do stink to-day, to be sure!" His little joke -is almost as much relished as his shrimps and bloaters, and they appear -to be always of the freshest. Were it not that insufficient clothing and -an empty stomach are hardly conducive thereto, the winter cry so -generally heard after a fall of snow, "Sweep yer door away, mum?" might -fairly be credited to an attempt at facetiousness under difficulties, -while the grave earnestness of the mirth-provoking cry of the Cockney -boot-lace man, "Lice, lice, penny a pair boot-lice!" is strong evidence -that he has no thought beyond turning the largest possible number of -honest pennies in the shortest possible space of time. - -A search in our collection of books and ballads for London Cries, -humorous in themselves, discovers but two,-- - -"Jaw-work, up and under jaw-work, a whole pot for a halfpenny, -hazel-nuts!" - -and-- - -"New laid eggs, eight a groat--crack 'em and try 'em!" - -A somewhat ghastly form of facetiousness was a favourite one with a -curious City character, now defunct. He was a Jew who sold a nameless -toy--a dried pea loose in a pill box, which was fastened to a -horse-hair, and on being violently twirled, emitted a vibratory hum that -could be heard for some distance. Unless his unvarying cry, "On'y a -'a'penny," brought buyers to the fore, he gave vent to frequent -explosions of strange and impious language, which never failed to -provoke the merriment of the passer-by. - -Among the many living City characters is the man--from his burr -evidently a Northumbrian--who sells boot laces. His cry is, "Boot -laces--AND the boot laces." This man also has a temper. If sales are - -[Illustration: "_New laid eggs, eight a groat--crack 'em and try -'em!_"] - -slow, as they not uncommonly are, his cry culminates in a storm of -muttered abuse; after which mental refreshment he calmly proceeds as -before, "The boot laces--AND the boot laces." Most of us know by sight -the penny Jack-in-the-box seller, whose cry, as Jack pops up, on the -spring of the lid being released, is a peculiar double squeak, emitted -without movement of the lips. The cry is supposed to belong to the -internal economy of the toy, and to be a part of the penn'orth; but, -alas! Jack, once out of the hands of his music-master, is voiceless. The -numerous street sellers of pipe and cigar lights must have a hard time -of it. Following the lucifer match, with its attendant choking -sulphurous fumes, came the evil-smelling, thick, red-tipped, brown paper -slip charged with saltpetre, so that it should smoulder without flaming. -These slips, in shape something like a row of papered pins, were divided -half through and torn off as required. Like the brimstone match which -preceded, and the Vesuvian which followed, these lights (which were sold -in the shops at a penny a box, but in the streets at two and sometimes -three boxes for the same sum) utterly spoilt the flavour of a cigar; -hence the superiority of the now dominant wax vestas. The matches of a -still earlier period were long slips of dry wood smeared at either end -with brimstone. - -[Illustration: _Rowlandson Delin 1819_ - -"_Letters for post?_"] - -They would neither "light only on the box," nor off it, unless aided by -the uncertain and always troublesome flint, steel, and tinder, or the -direct application of flame. "Clean yer pipe; pipe-cleaner, a penny for -two!" is a cry seldom absent from the streets. The pipe-cleaner is a -thin, flexible, double-twisted wire, about a foot long, with short -bristles interwoven at one end, and now, "when everybody smokes who -doesn't," the seller is sure of a more or less constant trade. - -The buyers of the so-called penny ices sold in the London streets during -the summer months are charged only a halfpenny; and the numerous -vendors, usually Italians, need no cry; for the street _gamins_ and -errand boys buzz around their barrows like flies about a sugar barrel. -For obvious reasons, spoons are not lent. The soft and half-frozen -delicacy is consumed by the combined aid of tongue and fingers. -Parti-coloured Neapolitan ices, vended by unmistakable natives of -Whitechapel or the New Cut, whose curious cry of "'Okey Pokey" -originated no one knows how, have lately appeared in the streets. Hokey -Pokey is of a firmer make and probably stiffer material than the penny -ice of the Italians, which it rivals in public favour; and it is built -up of variously flavoured layers. Sold in halfpenny and also penny -paper-covered - -[Illustration: "_Knives and Scissors to Grind?_"] - -squares, kept until wanted in a circular metal refrigerating pot -surrounded by broken ice, Hokey Pokey has the advantage over its rival -eaten from glasses, inasmuch as it can be carried away by the purchaser -and consumed at leisure. Besides being variously flavoured, Hokey Pokey -is dreadfully sweet, dreadfully cold, and hard as a brick. It is -whispered that the not unwholesome Swede turnip, crushed into pulp, has -been known to form its base, in lieu of more expensive supplies from the -cow, whose complex elaboration of cream from turnips is thus -unceremoniously abridged. - -Another summer cry recalls to memory a species of house decoration, -which we may hope is rapidly becoming a thing of the past. "Ornaments -for yer fire stoves," are usually either cream-tinted willow shavings, -brightened by the interspersion of a few gold threads, or mats thickly -covered with rose-shaped bows and streamers of gaily-coloured tissue -papers. Something more ornate, and not always in better taste, is now -the fashion; the trade therefore has found its way from the streets to -the shops, and the old cry, "Ornaments for yer fire stoves," is likely -to be seldomer heard. - -Many of the old cries, dying out elsewhere, may still be familiar, -however, in the back streets of second - -[Illustration: "_O' Clo!_"] - -[Illustration: "_Dust, O!_"] - -and third rate neighbourhoods. The noisy bell[9] of the privileged -muffin-man can hardly be counted; but "dust, O,"--the dustman's bell is -almost a thing of the past--"knives and scissors,"--pronounced -sitthers--"to grind," "chairs to mend," "cat's and dawg's meat," the -snapped-off short "o' clo" of the Jewish dealer in left-off garments, -"fine warnuts, penny for ten, all cracked," "chestnuts all 'ot," "fine -ripe strawberries," "rabbit or 'air skins," "fine biggaroon cherries," -"fine oranges, a penny for three," and many others, are still shouted in -due season by leathern-lunged itinerant traders. The "O' clo" man is -nearly always historically represented, as in the Catnach illustration, -wearing - -[Illustration: "_Cat's and Dog's Meat!_"] - -several hats; but, though he may often be met with more than one in his -possession, he is now seldom seen with more than one on his head. -Calling the price before the quantity, though quite a recent innovation, -or more probably the revival of an old style, is almost universal. The -cry of "Fine warnuts, ten a penny," is now "A penny for ten, fine -warnuts," or "A penny for 'arf a score, fine warnuts." - -The cat's meat man has never, like some of his colleagues, aspired to -music, but apparently confines himself to the one strident monosyllable. -It has been stated, by the way, that the London cats, of which it seems -there are at present some 350,000, annually consume £100,000 worth of -boiled horse. Daintily presented on a skewer, pussy's meat is eaten -without salt; but, being impossible of verification, the statistics -presented in the preceding sentence may be taken with a grain. - -"Soot" or "Sweep, ho!" The sweep, accompanied by two or three -thinly-clad, half-starved, and generally badly-treated apprentices, who -ascended the chimneys and acted as human brushes, turned out in old -times long before daylight. It was owing to the exertions of the -philanthropist, Mr. Jonas Hanway, and before the invention of the -jointed chimney sweeping machine, that an Act was passed at the -beginning of - -[Illustration: - -BY -ROYAL APPOINTMENT - -_J. W. EVANS_ - -SHORT'S GARDENS--DRURY LANE - - _Famleys owning_ -Fresh _Cats & Dogs_ Tripe -Boiled and -Paunshes Waited on daily and regler. Taters -once a ============== Cart -fortnite NO CREDDIT kept -] - -[Illustration: "_Sw-e-e-p!_"] - -this century, providing that every chimney-sweeper's apprentice should -wear a brass plate in front of his cap, with the name and abode of his -master engraved thereon. The boys were accustomed to beg for food and -money in the streets; but by means of the badges, the masters were -traced, and an improvement in the general condition of the apprentices -followed. But the early morning is still disturbed by the long-drawn -cry, "Sw-e-e-p." This, and the not unmusical "ow-oo," of the jodeling -milkman--all that is left of "milk below maids,"--the London milk-maids -are usually strongly-built Irish or Welsh girls--and the tardier and -rather too infrequent "dust-o" are amongst the few unsuppressed Cries of -London-town. They are tolerated and continued because they are -convenient, and from a vague sense of prescriptive right dear to the -heart of an Englishman. - -[Illustration: "_Ow-oo!_"] - -Until quite recently, the flower girls at the Royal Exchange--decent and -well-behaved Irishwomen who work hard for an honest living--were -badgered and driven about by the police. They are now allowed to collect -and pursue their calling in peace by the Wellington statue, where their -cry, "Buy a flower, sir," is heard, whatever the weather, all the year -round. "Speshill 'dishun, 'orrible railway haccident," the outcome of an -advanced civilization, is a cry that was unknown to our forefathers. Our -forebears had often to pay a shilling for a newspaper, and the newsman -made known his progress through the streets by sound of tin trumpet: as -shown in Rowlandson's graphic illustration, a copy of the newspaper was -carried in the hatband. - -[Illustration: - - _Rowlandson Delin. 1819._ - -"_Great News!_"] - -"C'gar lights, 'ere y'ar, sir; 'apenny a box," and "Taters all 'ot," -also belong to the modern school of London Cries; while the piano-organ -is a fresh infliction in connection with the new order of street noises. -And although a sort of portable penthouse was used in remote times for -screening from heat and rain, the ribbed and collapsible descendant -thereof did not come into general use much before the opening of the -present century; hence the cry, "Any umbrellas-termend," may properly be -classed as a modern one. - -In the crowded streets of modern London the loudest and most persistent -cry is that of the omnibus conductor--"Benk," "Chairin' Krauss," -"Pic'dilly"; or it may be, "Full inside," or "'Igher up"; to which the -cabman's low-pitched and persuasive "Keb, sir?"--he is afraid to ply too -openly for hire--plays an indifferent second. Judging from Rowlandson's -illustration, his predecessor the hackney coachman shared cabby's -sometimes too pointedly worded objection to a strictly legal fare. - -The "under-street" Cries heard in our own time at the various stations -on the railway enveloping London, in what by courtesy is termed a -circle--the true shape would puzzle a mathematician to define--form an -interesting study. While a good many of the porters - -[Illustration: - - _Rowlandson Delin. 1819._ - -"_Wot d'yer call that?_"] - -are recruited from the country, it is a curious fact that in calling the -names of the various "sty-shuns" they mostly settle down--perhaps from -force of association "downt-tcher-now"--into one dead level of Cockney -pronunciation. - -As one seldom realizes that there is anything wrong with one's own way -of speaking, pure-bred Cockneys may be expected to quarrel with the -phonetic rendering given; however, as Dr. James Cantlie, in his -interesting and recently published "Degeneration amongst Londoners,"[10] -tells us that a pure-bred Cockney is a _rara avis_ indeed, the -quarrelsomely inclined may not be numerous, and they may be reminded -that the writer is not alone in his ideas as to Cockney pronunciation. -Appended to Du Maurier's wonderfully powerful picture of "The Steam -Launch in Venice" (Punch's Almanac, 1882), is the following wording:-- - - _'Andsome 'Arriet_: "Ow my! if it 'yn't that bloom-in' old Temple - Bar, as they did aw'y with out o' Fleet Street!" - - _Mr. Belleville_ (_referring to Guide-book_): "No, it 'yn't! It's - the fymous Bridge o' SIGHS, as BYRON - - went and stood on; 'im as wrote OUR BOYS, yer know!" - - _'Andsome 'Arriet_: "Well, I NEVER! It 'yn't much of a SIZE, - any'ow!" - - _Mr. Belleville_: "'Ear! 'ear! Fustryte!" - -This paragraph is from the London _Globe_ of January 26th, 1885: -"Spelling reformers take notice. The English alphabet--diphthongs and -all--does not contain any letters which, singly or in combination, can -convey with accuracy the pronunciation given by the newsboys to the cry, -'A-blowin' up of the 'Ouses of Parliament!' that rent the air on -Saturday. The word 'blowin'' is pronounced as if the chief vowel sound -were something like 'ough' in 'bough'; and even then an 'e' and a 'y' -ought to be got in somewhere." - -There are twenty-seven stations on the London Inner Circle -Railway--owned by two companies, the Metropolitan and District--and the -name of one only--Gower Street--is usually pronounced by "thet tchung -men," the railway porter, as other people pronounce it. ["Emma -Smith,"[11] while not a main line station, may be cited here simply as a -good example of Cockney, for 'Arry and 'Arriet are quite incapable of -any other verbal rendering.] They are cried as follows:-- - - "South Kenzint'nn." - "Glawster Rowd." - (owd as in "loud.") - "I Street, Kenzint'nn." - "Nottin' Ill Gite." - (ite as in "flight.") - "Queen's Rowd, Bizewater." - (ize as in "size.") - "Pride Street, Peddinten." - "Edge-wer Rowd." - (by common consent the Cockney refrains from saying "Hedge-wer.") - "Biker Street." - "Portland Rowd." - "Gower Street." - "King's Krauss." - (Often abbreviated to "'ng's Krauss.") - "Ferrinden Street." - "Oldersgit Street." - (no preliminary "H.") - "Mawgit Street." - "Bish-er-git." - "Ol'git." - "Mark Line." - "Monneym'nt." - "Kennun Street." - "Menshun Ouse." - "Bleckfriars." - "Tempull." - ("pull-pull-Tempull.") - "Chairin' Krauss." - "Wes'minster." - (One sometimes hears "Wes'minister": a provincialism.) - "S'n Jimes-iz Pawk." - (ime as in "time.") - "Victaw-ia." - "Slown Square." - (own as in "town.") - -Country cousins may be reminded that the guiding letters =I= or =O= so -boldly marked on the tickets issued on the London underground railway, -and, in the brightest vermilion, as conspicuously painted up in the -various stations, do not mean "Inner" or "Outer" Circle, but the inner -and outer lines of rails of the Inner Circle Railway. Though sanctioned -by Parliament more than twenty years ago, the so-called Outer Circle -Railway is still incomplete, its present form being that of a -horse-shoe, with termini at Broad Street and Mansion House, and some of -its principal stations at Dalston, Willesden, and Addison Road, -Kensington. - -[Illustration: TICKETS MARKED - -I☞ - -THIS WAY] - -[Illustration: TICKETS MARKED - -☜O - -THIS WAY] - -It has before been said that everything that could be carried has, at -some time or other, been sold in the streets; and it follows that an -approximately complete list of London Cries would reach a very large -total. From its mere length and sameness such a list would moreover be -apt to weary the reader; for not all cries have the interest of a -traditional phrase or intonation which gives notice of the nature of -the wares, even when the words are rendered unintelligible by the -necessity of vociferation. But a few of the most constant and curious -cries may be interesting to note. - -[Illustration: "_Hot Spice Gingerbread!_"] - - "'Tis all hot, nice smoaking hot!" - You'll hear his daily cry; - But if you won't believe, you sot - You need but taste and try - -[Illustration: "_Old Cloaths!_"] - - Coats or preeches do you vant? - Or puckles for your shoes? - Vatches too me can supply:-- - Me monies von't refuse. - -[Illustration: "_Knives to Grind!_"] - - Young gentlemen attend my cry, - And bring forth all your Knives; - The barbers Razors too I grind; - Bring out your Scissars, wives. - -[Illustration: "_Cabbages O! Turnips!_"] - - With mutton we nice turnips eat; - Beef and carrots never cloy; - Cabbage comes up with Summer meat, - With winter nice savoy. - - Holloway cheese cakes! - Large silver eels, a groat a pound, live eels! - Any New River water, water here? - Buy a rope of onions, oh? - -[Illustration: "_Sand 'O!_"] - - Buy a goose? - Any bellows to mend? - Who's for a mutton pie or an eel pie? - Who buys my roasting jacks? - Sand, ho! buy my nice white sand, ho! - -[Illustration: "_Buy a Live Goose?_"] - - Buy my firestone? - Roasted pippins, piping hot! - -[Illustration: "_Cherries, O! ripe cherries, O!_"] - -A whole market hand for a halfpenny--young radishes, ho! - -Sw-e-ep! - -[Illustration: COVENT GARDEN. - -"_Fine Strawberries!_"] - - Brick dust, to-day? - Door mats, want? - Hot rolls! - Rhubarb! - Buy any clove-water? - Buy a horn-book? - Quick (_living_) periwinkles! - Sheep's trotters, hot! - Songs, three yards a penny! - Southernwood that's very good! - Cherries O! ripe cherries O! - Cat's and dog's meat! - Samphire! - All a-growin', all a-blowin'. - Lilly white mussels, penny a quart! - New Yorkshire muffins! - Oysters, twelvepence a peck! - Rue, sage, and mint, farthing a bunch! - Tuppence a hundred, cockles! - Sweet violets, a penny a bunch! - Brave Windsor beans! - Buy my mops, my good wool mops! - Buy a linnet or a goldfinch? - Knives, combs, and inkhornes! - Six bunches a penny, sweet lavender! - New-laid eggs, eight a groat! - -[Illustration: "_Sweet Lavender!_"] - - Any wood? - Hot peas! - Hot cross buns! - Buy a broom? - Old chairs to mend! - Young lambs to sell! - Tiddy diddy doll! - Hearth-stone! - Buy my nice drops, twenty a penny, peppermint drops! - Any earthen ware, plates, dishes, or jugs, to-day,--any clothes to - exchange, Madam? - Holly O, Mistletoe! - Buy my windmills for a ha'penny a piece! [a child's toy.] - Nice Yorkshire cakes! - Buy my matches, maids, my nice small pointed matches! - Come, buy my fine myrtles and roses! - Buy a mop or a broom? - Hot rolls! - Will you buy a Beau-pot? - -Probably of Norman-French origin, the term "beau-pot" is still in use in -out-of-the-way country districts, to signify a posy or nosegay, in which -sweet-smelling herbs and flowers, as rosemary, sweet-briar, balm, - -[Illustration: "_Chairs to mend!_"] - -roses, carnations, violets, wall-flowers, mignonette, sweet-William, and -others that we are now pleased to designate "old fashioned," would -naturally predominate. - -[Illustration: "_All a blowin'!_"] - -Come buy my sweet-briar! - -[Illustration: - - _Rowlandson Delin. 1819._ - -"_Any Earthen Ware; buy a jug or a tea pot?_"] - -Any old flint glass or broken bottles for a poor woman to-day? - -[Illustration: "_Fresh Oysters! penny a lot!_"] - -Sweet primroses, four bunches a penny, primroses! - -Black and white heart cherries, twopence a pound, full weight, all round -and sound! - -[Illustration: - - _Rowlandson Delin. 1819._ - -"_Buy my Sweet Roses?_"] - -Fine ripe duke cherries, a ha'penny a stick and a penny a stick, ripe -duke cherries! - -Shrimps like prawns, a ha'penny a pot! - -Green hastings! - -[Illustration: "_Fine large Cucumbers!_"] - -Hot pudding! - -Pots and kettles to mend! - -'Ere's yer toys for girls an' boys! - -Brick-dust was carried on the backs of asses and sold for knife-cleaning -purposes at a penny a quart. - -[Illustration: "_'Ere's yer toys for girls an' boys!_"] - -The bellows-mender, who sometimes also followed the trade of a tinker, -carried his tools and apparatus buckled in a leathern bag at his back, -and practised his profession in any convenient corner of the street. - -Door-mats of all shapes were made of rushes or rope, and were sold at -from sixpence to several shillings each. - -The earliest green pea brought to the London market--a dwarf -variety--was distinguished by the name of Hasteds, Hastens, Hastins, or -Hastings, and was succeeded by the Hotspur. The name of Hastings was, -however, indiscriminately given to all peas sold in the streets, and the -cry of "green Hastings" was heard in every street and alley until peas -went out of season. - -The crier of hair brooms, who usually travelled with a cart, carried a -supply of brushes, sieves, clothes-horses, lines, and general turnery. - - All cleanly folk must like my ware, - For wood is sweet and clean; - Time was when platters served Lord Mayor - And, as I've heard, a Queen. - -His cry took the form of the traditional tune "Buy a broom," which may -even now be occasionally heard--perhaps the last survival of a street -trade tune--taken - -[Illustration: - - _Rowlandson Delin. 1819._ - -"_Curds and Whey!_"] - -up separately or in fitful chorus by the men and women of a travelling -store. The Flemish "Buy a Broom" criers, whose trade is gone, generally -went in couples or threes. Their figures are described by Hone as -exactly miniatured in the unpainted wooden doll, shaped the same before -and behind, and sold in the toy shops for the amusement of the little -ones. In the comedy of "The Three Ladies of London," printed in quarto -in Queen Elizabeth's reign (A.D. 1584), is this passage:-- - -"Enter Conscience with brooms at her back, singing as follows:-- - - New brooms, green brooms, will you buy any? - Maydens come quickly, let me take a penny." - -Hot rolls, which were sold at one and two a penny, were carried during -the summer months between the hours of 8 and 9 in the morning, and from -4 to 6 in the afternoon. - - Let Fame puff her trumpet, for muffin and crumpet, - They cannot compare with my dainty hot rolls; - When mornings are chilly, sweet Fanny, young Billy, - Your hearts they will comfort, my gay little souls. - -Muffins and crumpets were then, as now, principally cried during the -winter months. - -Hot pudding, sweet, heavy and indigestible, was sold in halfpenny slabs. - - Who wants some pudding nice and hot! - 'Tis now the time to try it; - Just taken from the smoking pot, - And taste before you buy it. - -The cry "One-a-penny, two-a-penny, _hot_ CROSS BUNS!" which,--now never -heard from the sellers on Good Friday,--is still part of a child's game, -remains as one of the best instances of English quantitative metre, -being repeated in measured time, and not merely by the ordinary accent. -The rhubarb-selling Turk, who appeared in turban, trousers, and--what -was then almost unknown amongst civilians--moustaches, was, fifty years -ago or more, a well known character in the metropolis. - -Sand was generally used in London, not only for cleaning kitchen -utensils, but for sprinkling over uncarpeted floors as a protection -against dirty footsteps. It was sold by measure--red sand, twopence -halfpenny, and white a penny farthing per peck. The very melodious -catch, "White Sand and Grey Sand, Who'll buy my White Sand!" was -evidently harmonized on the sand-seller's traditional tune. - -"Buy a bill of the play!" In the time of our great grandfathers, there -were no scented programmes, and the peculiar odour of the play-bills was -not due to the skill of a Rimmel. Vilely printed with the stickiest of -ink, on the commonest of paper, they were disposed of both in and -outside the theatre by orange-women, who would give one to a purchaser -of half a dozen oranges or so. In Hogarth's inimitably amusing and -characteristic print of _The Laughing Audience_, a couple of robustly -built orange-women are contending, with well-filled baskets, for the -favour of a bewigged beau of the period, who appears likely to become an -easy victim to their persuasions. - -"Knives to grind" is still occasionally heard, and the grinder's barrow -(_vide_ that depicted in Rowlandson's illustration on p. 59), is much -the same as it was a hundred years ago. At the beginning of the century -the charge for grinding and setting scissors was a penny or twopence a -pair; penknives a penny a blade, and table-knives one and sixpence and -two shillings a dozen. - -Rabbits were carried about the streets suspended at either end of a pole -which rested on the shoulder. - -The edible marine herb samphire, immortalized in connection with -"Shakespeare's Cliff" at Dover, was at one time regularly culled and as -regularly eaten. - -The once familiar cry of "Green rushes O!" is - -[Illustration: "_Cherries, fourpence a pound!_"] - -preserved only in verse. In Queen Elizabeth's time the floors of -churches as well as private houses were carpeted with rushes, and in -Shakespeare's day the stage was strewn with them. Rush-bearing, a -festival having its origin in connection with the annual renewal of -rushes in churches, was kept up until quite recently, and may even still -be practised in out-of-the-way villages. - -The stock of the "'arthstone" woman, who is not above doing a stroke of -business in bones, bottles, and kitchen stuff, is usually on a barrow, -drawn by a meek-eyed and habitually slow-paced donkey. - -The London Barrow Woman ("Ripe Cherries"), as preserved in the cut from -the inimitable pencil of George Cruikshank, has long since disappeared. -In 1830, when this sketch was made, the artist had to rely on his -memory, for she then no longer plied her trade in the streets. Her wares -changed with the seasons; but here a small schoolboy is being tempted by -ripe cherries tied on a stick. There being no importation of foreign -fruit, the cherries were of prime quality. May dukes, White heart, Black -heart, and the Kentish cherry, succeeded each other--and, when sold by -weight, and not tied on sticks, fetched sixpence, fourpence, or -threepence per lb., which was at least twopence or threepence less than -charged at the shops. - -[Illustration: "_Ripe Cherries!_"] - -The poor Barrow Woman appears to have been treated very much in the same -manner as the modern costermonger; but was without his bulldog power of -resistance. If she stopped to rest or solicit custom, street keepers, -"authorized by orders unauthorized by law," drove her off, or beadles -overthrew her fruit into the road. Nevertheless, if Cruikshank has not -idealized his memories, she was more wholesomely and stoutly clad than -any street seller of her sex--with the one exception of the -milkmaid--who is to be seen in our day, when the poor London woman has -lost the instinct of neatness and finish in attire. - -"Hot spiced gingerbread," still to be found in a cold state at village -fairs and junketings, used to be sold in winter time in the form of flat -oblong cakes at a halfpenny each, but it has long since disappeared from -our streets. - -"Tiddy Diddy Doll, lol, lol, lol" was a celebrated vendor of -gingerbread, and, according to Hone, was always hailed as the king of -itinerant tradesmen. It must be more than a century since this dandified -character ceased to amuse the populace. He dressed as a person of -rank--ruffled shirt, white silk stockings, and fashionable laced suit of -clothes surmounted by a wig and cocked hat decorated with a feather. He -was sure to be found plying his trade on Lord Mayor's - -[Illustration: "_Tiddy Diddy Doll._"] - -day, at open air shows, and on all public occasions. He amused the crowd -to his own profit; and some of his humorous nonsense has been preserved. - -"Mary, Mary, where are you _now_, Mary?" - -"I live two steps underground, with a wiscom riscom, and why not. Walk -in, ladies and gentlemen. My shop is on the second floor backwards, with -a brass knocker at the door. Here's your nice gingerbread, your spiced -gingerbread, which will melt in your mouth like a red-hot brickbat, and -rumble in your inside like Punch in his wheelbarrow!" He always finished -up by singing the fag end of a song--"Tiddy Diddy Doll, lol, lol, lol;" -hence his nickname of Tiddy Doll. Hogarth has introduced this character -in his Execution scene of the Idle Apprentice at Tyburn. Tiddy Doll had -many feeble imitators; and the woman described in the lines that follow, -taken from a child's book of the period, must have been one of them. - - Tiddy Diddy Doll, lol, lol, lol, - Tiddy Diddy Doll, dumplings, oh! - Her tub she carries on her head, - Tho' of'ener under arm. - In merry song she cries her trade, - Her customers to charm. - A halfpenny a plain can buy, - The plum ones cost a penny, - And all the naughty boys will cry - Because they can't get any. - -[Illustration: "_Large silver eels!_"] - -Fifty years ago "Young Lambs to Sell, two for a penny," which still -lingers, was a well known cry. They were children's toys, the fleece -made of white cotton-wool, attractively but perhaps a trifle too -unnaturally spangled with Dutch gilt. The head was of composition, the -cheeks were painted red, there were two black spots to do duty for eyes, -and the horns and legs were of tin, which latter adornment, my younger -readers may suggest, foreshadowed the insufficiently appreciated tinned -mutton of a later period. The addition of a bit of pink tape tied round -the neck by way of a collar made a graceful finish, and might be -accepted as a proof that the baby sheep was perfectly tame. - - Young lambs to sell, young lambs to sell. - Two for a penny, young lambs to sell. - If I'd as much money as I could tell, - I wouldn't cry young lambs to sell. - Dolly and Molly, Richard and Nell, - Buy my Young Lambs and I'll use you well! - -The later song-- - - Old chairs to mend, old chairs to mend. - If I'd as much money as I could spend, - I'd leave off crying old chairs to mend-- - ---is obviously copied from the original cry of "Young Lambs to Sell." In -addition to a few tools, the stock-in-trade of the travelling -chair-mender principally consisted of rushes, which in later days gave -place to cane split into strips of uniform width--a return to more - -[Illustration: "_Young lambs to sell._"] - -[Illustration: "_Buy my fine Myrtles and Roses!_"] - -ancient practice. The use of rush-bottomed chairs, which are again -coming into æsthetic fashion, cannot be traced back quite a century and -half. The chairs in Queen Anne's time were seated and backed with cane; -and in the days of Elizabeth the seats were cushioned and the backs -stuffed. Many years ago an old chair-mender occupied a position by a -stone fixed in the wall of one of the houses in Panyer Alley, on which -is cut the following inscription:-- - - WHEN Y HAVE SOVGHᵀ.. - THE CITY ROVND - YET STILL THIS IS - THE HIGHSᵀ.. GROVND - AVGVST THE 27 - 1688 - -Being entirely unprotected and close to the ground, this curious relic -of bygone times, which is surmounted by a boldly carved figure of a nude -boy seated on a panyer pressing a bunch of grapes between his hand and -foot, is naturally much defaced; and that it has not been carried away -piecemeal by iconoclastic curiosity-hunters, is probably due to its -out-of-the-way position. Panyer Alley, the most eastern turning leading -from Paternoster Row to Newgate Street, slightly rises towards the -middle; but is not, according to Mr. Loftie, an undoubted authority on -all matters pertaining to old London, the highest point in the city, -there being higher ground both in Cornhill and Cannon Street. In -describing Panyer Alley, Stow indirectly alludes to a "signe" therein, -and it is Hone's opinion that this stone may have been the ancient sign -let into the wall of a tavern. While the upper is in fair preservation, -the lower part of the inscription can hardly be read. When last -examined, a street urchin was renovating the figure by a -heartily-laid-on surface decoration of white chalk; and unless one of -the numerous antiquarian or other learned societies interested in old -London relics will spare a few pounds for the purchase of a protective -grating, there will shortly be nothing left worth preserving. - -"New-laid eggs, eight a groat," takes us back to a time when the best -joints and fresh country butter were both sixpence a pound. - -Years ago the tin oven of the peripatetic penny pieman was found to be -too small to meet the constant and ever-increasing strain made upon its -resources; and the owner thereof has now risen to the dignity of a shop, -where, in addition to stewed eels, he dispenses what Albert Smith -happily termed "covered uncertainties," containing messes of mutton, -beef, or seasonable fruit. Contained in a strong wicker basket with -legs, or in a sort of tin oven, the pieman's wares were formerly kept -hot by means of a small charcoal fire. A sip of a warm stomachic liquid -of unknown but apparently acceptable constituents was sometimes offered -gratuitously by way of inducement to purchase. The cry of "Hot Pies" -still accompanies one of the first and most elementary games of the -modern baby learning to speak, who is taught by his nurse to raise his -hand to imitate a call now never heard. - -The specimens of versification that follow are culled from various books -of London Cries, written for the amusement of children, towards the end -of the last century, and now in the collection of the writer:-- - - Large silver eels--a groat a pound, live eels! - Not the Severn's famed stream - Could produce better fish, - Sweet and fresh as new cream, - And what more could you wish? - - Pots and Kettles to mend? - Your coppers, kettles, pots, and stew pans, - Tho' old, shall serve instead of new pans. - I'm very moderate in my charge, - For mending small as well as large. - - Buy a Mop or a Broom! - - My mop is so big, it might serve as a wig - For a judge if he had no objection, - And as to my brooms, they'll sweep dirty rooms, - And make the dust fly to perfection. - - Nice Yorkshire Cakes! - - Nice Yorkshire cakes, come buy of me, - I have them crisp and brown; - They are very good to eat with tea, - And fit for lord or clown. - - Buy my fine Myrtles and Roses! - Come buy my fine roses, my myrtles and stocks, - My sweet-smelling balsams and close-growing box. - -Buy my nice Drops--twenty a penny, Peppermint drops! - -[Illustration: - - _Rowlandson Delin 1819_ - -"_Pots and Kettles to Mend!_"] - - If money is plenty you may sure spare a penny, - It will purchase you twenty--and that's a great many. - - Six bunches a penny, sweet blooming Lavender! - - Just put one bundle to your nose, - What rose can this excel? - Throw it among your finest clothes, - And grateful they will smell. - - Buy a live Chicken or a young Fowl? - - Buy a young Chicken fat and plump, - Or take two for a shilling?-- - Is this poor honest tradesman's cry; - Come buy if you are willing. - - Rabbit! Rabbit! - - Rabbit! a Rabbit! who will buy? - Is all you hear from him; - The rabbit you may roast or fry, - The fur your cloak will trim. - - My good Sir, will you buy a Bowl? - - My honest friend, will you buy a Bowl, - A Skimmer or a Platter? - Come buy of me a Rolling Pin, - Or Spoon to beat your batter. - -[Illustration: "_Six bunches a penny, sweet blooming Lavender!_"] - - Come buy my fine Writing Ink! - - Through many a street and many a town - The Ink-man shapes his way; - The trusty Ass keeps plodding on, - His master to obey. - - Dainty Sweet-Briar! - - Sweet-Briar this Girl on one side holds, - And Flowers in the other basket; - And for the price, she that unfolds - To any one who'll ask it. - -Any Earthen Ware, Plates, Dishes, or Jugs to-day,--any Clothes to -exchange, Madam? - - Come buy my Earthen Ware - Your dresser to bedeck; - Examine it with care, - There's not a single speck. - - See white with edges brown, - Others with edges blue; - Have you a left-off gown, - Old bonnet, hat, or shoe? - - Do look me up some clothes - For this fine China jar; - If but a pair of shoes, - For I have travelled far. - - This flowered bowl of green - Is worth a gown at least; - I am sure it might be seen - At any christening feast. - - Do, Madam, look about - And see what you can find; - Whatever you bring out - I will not be behind. - - * * * * * - - -The Illustrations. - -Ten of the illustrations by that great master of the art of caricature, -Thomas Rowlandson, are copied in _facsimile_ from a scarce set, -fifty-four in all, published in 1820, entitled "Characteristic Sketches -of the Lower Orders," to which there is a powerful preface, as -follows:-- - -"The British public must be already acquainted with numerous productions -from the inimitable pencil of Mr. ROWLANDSON, who has particularly -distinguished himself in this department. - -"There is so much truth and genuine feeling in his delineations of -human character, that no one can inspect the present collection without -admiring his masterly style of drawing and admitting his just claim to -originality. The great variety of countenance, expression, and -situation, evince an active and lively feeling, which he has so happily -infused into the drawings as to divest them of that broad caricature -which is too conspicuous in the works of those artists who have followed -his manner. Indeed, we may venture to assert that, since the time of -Hogarth, no artist has appeared in this country who could be considered -his superior or even his equal." - -The two illustrations--"Lavender," with a background representing Temple -Bar, and "Fine Strawberries," with a view of Covent Garden--are from -"Plates Representing the Itinerant Traders of London in their ordinary -Costume. Printed in 1805 as a supplement to 'Modern London' (London: -printed for Charles Phillips, 71, St. Paul's Churchyard)." The set is -chiefly interesting as representing London scenes of the period; many -parts of which are now no longer recognisable. - -The crudely drawn, but picturesquely treated "Catnach" cuts, from the -celebrated Catnach press in Seven Dials, now owned by Mr. W. S. Fortey, -hardly require separately indicating. - -The four oval cuts, squared by the addition of perpendicular lines, "Hot -spice gingerbread!" "O' Clo!" "Knives to Grind!" and "Cabbages O! -Turnips!" are facsimiled from a little twopenny book, entitled, "The -Moving Market; or, Cries of London, for the amusement of good children," -published in 1815 by J. Lumsden and Son, of Glasgow. It has a -frontispiece representing a curious little four-in-hand carriage with -dogs in place of horses, underneath which is printed this triplet:-- - - See, girls and boys who learning prize, - Round London drive to hear the cries, - Then learn your Book and ride likewise." - -The quaint cuts, "'Ere's yer toys for girls an' boys!" "New-laid eggs, -eight a groat,--crack 'em and try 'em!" "Flowers, penny a bunch!" -(frontispiece), and the three ballad singers, apparently taken from one -of the earliest chap-books, are really but of yesterday. For these the -writer is indebted to his friend, Mr. Joseph Crawhall, of -Newcastle-on-Tyne, who uses his cutting tools direct on the wood without -any copy. Mr. Crawhall's "Chap-book Chaplets," and "Old ffrendes wyth -newe Faces," quaint quartos each with many hundreds of hand-coloured -cuts in his own peculiar and inimitable style, and "Izaak Walton, his -Wallet Book," are fair examples of his skill in this direction. - -Two plates unenclosed with borders--"Old Chairs to mend!" and "Buy a -Live Goose?" are from that once common and now excessively scarce -child's book, _The Cries of London as they are Daily Practised_, -published in 1804 by J. Harris, the successor of "honest John Newbery," -the well-known St. Paul's Churchyard bookseller and publisher. - -George Cruikshank's London Barrow-woman ("Ripe Cherries"), "Tiddy Diddy -Doll," and other cuts, are from the original illustrations to Hone's -delightful "Every-Day Book," recently republished by Messrs. Ward, Lock -& Co. - -The cuts illustrating modern cries--"Sw-e-e-p!"; "Dust, O!"; "Ow-oo!"; -"Fresh Cabbidge!"; and "Stinking Fish!" are from the facile pencil of -Mr. D. McEgan. - -Finally, in regard to the business card of pussy's butcher, the -veracious chronicler is inclined to think that an antiquarian might -hesitate in pronouncing it to be quite so genuine as it looks. This -opinion coincides with his own. In fact he made it himself. As a -set-off, however, to the confession, let it be said that this is the -sole _fantaisie d'occasion_ set down herein. - - - - -APPENDIX. - -_From "Notes and Queries."_ - - -LONDON STREET CRY.--What is the meaning of the old London cry, "Buy a -fine mousetrap, or a _tormentor for your fleas_"? Mention of it is found -in one of the Roxburghe ballads dated 1662, and, amongst others, in a -work dated about fifty years earlier. The cry torments me, and only its -elucidation will bring ease. - -ANDREW W. TUER. - -The Leadenhall Press, E.C. - - * * * * * - -LONDON STREET CRY (6th S. viii. 348).--Was not this really a "tormentor -for your _flies_"? The mouse-trap man would probably also sell little -bunches of butcher's broom (_Ruscus_, the mouse-thorn of the Germans), a -very effective and destructive weapon in the hands of an active -butcher's boy, when employed to guard his master's meat from the attacks -of flies. - -EDWARD SOLLY. - - * * * * * - -LONDON STREET CRY (6th S. viii. 348, 393).--The following quotations -from Taylor, the Water Poet, may be of interest to Mr. TUER:-- - - "I could name more, if so my Muse did please, - Of Mowse Traps, and tormentors to kill Fleas." - _The Travels of Twelve-pence._ - - Yet shall my begg'ry no strange Suites devise, - As monopolies to catch Fleas and Flyes." - _The Beggar._ - Faringdon. WALTER HAINES. - - * * * * * - -I notice a query from you in _N. and Q._ about a London Street Cry which -troubles you. Many of the curious adjuncts to Street Cries proper have, -I apprehend, originally no meaning beyond drawing attention to the Crier -by their whimsicality. I will give you an instance. Soon after the union -between England and Ireland, a man with a sack on his back went -regularly about the larger streets of Dublin. His cry was: - - "Bits of Brass, - Broken Glass, - Old Iron, - Bad luck to you, Castlereagh." - -Party feeling against Lord Castlereagh ran very high at the time, I -believe, and the political adjunct to his cry probably brought the man -more shillings than he got by his regular calling. - -H. G. W. - -P.S.--I find I have unconsciously made a low pun. The cry alluded to -above would probably be understood and appreciated in the streets of -Dublin at the present with reference to the Repeal of the Union. - - * * * * * - -LONDON STREET CRY. -88, FRIARGATE, DERBY. - -DEAR SIR,-- - -The "Tormentor," concerning which you inquire in _Notes and Queries_ of -this date, was also known as a "Scratch-back," and specimens are -occasionally to be seen in the country. I recollect seeing one, of -superior make, many years ago. An ivory hand, the fingers like those of -"Jasper Packlemerton of atrocious memory," were "curled as in the act -of" scratching, a finely carved wrist-band of lace was the appropriate -ornament, and the whole was attached to a slender ivory rod of say -eighteen inches in length. The finger nails were sharpened, and the -instrument was thus available for discomfiting "back-biters," even when -engaged upon the most inaccessible portions of the human superficies. I -have also seen a less costly article of the same sort carved out of -pear-wood (or some similar material). It is probable that museums might -furnish examples of the "back scratcher," "scratch back," or "tormentor -for your fleas." - -Very truly yours, -ALFRED WALLIS. - - * * * * * - -JUNIOR ATHENÆUM CLUB, - -PICCADILLY, W. - -DEAR SIR,-- - -On turning over the leaves of _Notes and Queries_ I happened on your -enquiry _re_ "Tormentor for your fleas." May I ask, have you succeeded -in getting at the meaning or origin of this curious street cry? I have -tried to trace it, but in vain. It occurs to me as just possible that -the following circumstance may bear on it:-- - -The Japanese are annoyed a good deal with fleas. They make little cages -of bamboo--such I suppose as a small bird cage or mouse-trap--containing -plenty of bars and perches inside. These bars they smear over with -bird-lime, and then take the cage to bed with them. Is it not, as I say, -_just possible_, that one of our ancient mariners brought the idea home -with him and started it in London? If so, a maker of bird cages or -mouse-traps is likely to have put the idea into execution, and cried his -mouse-traps and "flea tormentors" in one breath. - -Faithfully yours, -DOUGLAS OWEN. - - * * * * * - -_From "Notes and Queries," April 18th, 1885._ - -LONDON CRIES.--A cheap and extended edition of my _London Street Cries_ -being on the eve of publication, I shall be glad of early information as -to the meaning of "A dip and a wallop for a bawbee"[A] and "Water for -the buggs."[12] I recollect many years ago reading an explanation of the -former, but am doubtful as to its correctness. - -ANDREW W. TUER. - -The Leadenhall Press, E.C. - - * * * * * - -One who was an Edinburgh student towards the end of last century told me -that a man carrying a leg of mutton by the shank would traverse the -streets crying "Twa dips and a wallop for a bawbee." This brought the -gude-wives to their doors with pails of boiling water, which was in this -manner converted into "broth." - -NORMAN CHEVERS, M.D. - -HANG -32, Tavistock Road, W. -_April 18th, 1885._ - - * * * * * - - -COCKNEY PRONUNCIATION. - -25, ARGYLL ROAD, KENSINGTON, W., - -_24th April, 1885_. - -DEAR MR. TUER,-- - -The Cockney sound of long ā which is confused with received _ī_, is very -different from it, and where it approaches that sound, the long _ī_ is -very broad, so that there is no possibility of confusing them in a -Cockney's ear. But is the sound Cockney? Granted it is very prevalent in -E. and N. London, yet it is rarely found in W. and S.W. My belief is -that it is especially an Essex variety. There is no doubt about its -prevalence in Essex, so that [very roughly indeed] "I say" there becomes -"oy sy." Then as regards the _ō_ and _ou_. These are never pronounced -alike. The _ō_ certainly often imitates received _ow_, though it has -more distinctly an _ō_ commencement; but when that is the case, _ou_ -has a totally different sound, which dialect-writers usually mark as -_aow_, having a broad _ā_ commencement, almost _a_ in _bad_. Finer -speakers--shopmen and clerks--will use a finer _a_. The sound of short -_u_ in _nut_, does not sound to me at all like _e_ in _net_. There are -great varieties of this "natural vowel," as some people call it, and our -received _nut_ is much finer than the general southern provincial and -northern Scotch sounds, between which lie the mid and north England -sounds rhyming to _foot_ nearly, and various transitional forms. -Certainly the sounds of _nut_, _gnat_ are quite different, and are never -confused by speakers; yet you would write both as _net_. - -The pronunciation of the Metropolitan area is extremely mixed; no one -form prevails. We may put aside educated or received English as entirely -artificial. The N., N.E., and E. districts all partake of an East -Anglian character; but whether that is recent, or belongs to the Middle -Anglian character of Middlesex, is difficult to say. I was born in the -N. district, within the sound of Bow Bells (the Cockney limits), over -seventy years ago, and I do not recall the _i_ pronunciation of _ā_ in -my boyish days, nor do I recollect having seen it used by the older -humourists. Nor do I find it in "Errors of Pronunciation and Improper -Expressions, Used Frequently and Chiefly by the Inhabitants of London," -1817, which likewise does not note any pronunciation of _ō_ like _ow_. -Hence I am inclined to believe that both are modernisms, due to the -growing of London into the adjacent provinces. They do not seem to me -yet prevalent in the W. districts, though the N.W. is transitional. -South of the Thames, in the S.W. districts, I think they are practically -unknown. In the S.E. districts, which dip into N. Kent, the finer form -of _aow_ for _ou_ is prevalent. The uneducated of course form a mode of -speech among themselves. But I am sorry to find even school teachers -much infected with the _ī_, _ow_, _aow_, pronunciations of _ā_, _ō_, -_ou_, in N. districts. - -Of course your Cockney orthography goes upon very broad lines, and you -are quite justified in raising a laugh by apparent confusions, where no -confusions are made by the speakers themselves, as Hans Breitmann did -with the German. The confusion is only in our ears. They speak a -language we do not use. To write the varieties of sounds, especially of -diphthongs, with anything like correctness, requires a phonetic alphabet -which cannot even be read, much less written, without great study, such -as you cannot look for in readers who want only to be amused. But -another question arises, Should we lay down a pronunciation? There never -has been any authority capable of doing so. Orthoepists may protest, -but the fashion of pronunciation will again change, as it has changed so -often and so markedly during the last six hundred years; see the proofs -in my _Early English Pronunciation_. Why should we not pronounce _ā_ as -we do _ī_, pronouncing _ī_ as we do _oy_? Why should we not call _ō_ as -we now call _ow_, pronouncing that as _aow_? Is not our _ā_ a change -from _ī_ (the German _ei_, _ai_) in _say_, _away_, _pain_, etc.? Is not -our _ou_ a change from our sound of _oo_ in _cow_, etc.? Again, our _oo_ -replaces an old _oh_ sound. There is nothing but fashion which rules -this. But when sounds are changed in one set of vowels, a compensating -change takes place in another set, and so no confusion results. In one -part of Cheshire I met with four sounds of _y_ in _my_, never confused -by natives, although a received speaker hears only one, and all arose -from different sources. Why is one pronunciation _horrid_ (or aw-ud), -and another not? Simply because they mark social grades. Of course I -prefer my own pronunciation, it's been my companion for so many years. -But others, just as much of course, prefer theirs. When I brought out -the _Phonetic News_, in phonetic spelling, many years ago, a newsvendor -asked me, "Why write _neewz_? We always say _nooze_." - -Very truly yours, - -ALEXANDER J. ELLIS. - -[Illustration] - - - - -Index. - - - Page - -A dip and a wallop for a bawbee!, 29, 125, 126 - -Act, Chimney Sweeps', 64 - -Addison, Cries of London, 25, 30 - -Albert Smith's "Covered Uncertainties", 111 - -Ale Scurvy-grass, 32 - -All my teeth ache!, 30 - -All the fun of the fair!, 50 - -Ancient tavern sign, 110 - -Anecdote of a simpler, 32 - -_Aphorisms, Book of_, 36 - -Area sneak thieves, 48 - -'Arry and Emma Ann, 50 - - -Bartholomew Fair, 38, 39, 42 - -_Bartholomew Fair_, Ben Jonson's (1614), 25 - -Beating of one's wife, 51 - -Beaumont and Fletcher's _Bonduca_, 25 - -Beau pot? Will you buy a, 86 - -Bellows-mender, 94 - -Bells, Merry Christ Church, 33 - -Belman, 20 - -Blacking, cake, 44 - -Black sheep, 48 - -Blowing a horn in the night, 51 - -_Bonduca_, Beaumont and Fletcher's, 25 - -_Book of Aphorisms_, 36 - -Boot-black, The modern, 44 - -Boot laces--AND the boot laces!, 54 - -Brickdust, 92 - -Bridgwater Library, 14 - -British Museum, Collection of cries in, 16 - -Buggs! Water for the, 29, 125, 126 - -Buns! Hot cross, 97 - -Busby's _Costumes of the Lower Orders_, 35 - -Business card of pussy's butcher, 65, 120 - -Buy a beau pot?, 86 - -Buy a bill of the play?, 97 - -"Buy a broom" criers, Flemish, 96 - -Buy a flower, sir?, 68 - -Buy my rumps and burrs?, 38 - -Buy my singing glasses?, 12 - - -Cake blacking, 44 - -Calling price before quantity, 64 - -Candlewick, 5 - -Cantlie's (Dr. J.) "Degeneration among Londoners", 72 - -Canwyke Street, 5 - -Caricature, political, Cries the vehicle for, 29 - -Catnach illustrations, 118 - -Cats, London, 64 - -Caveat against cut-purses, 42 - -Chairs in Queen Anne's time, 108 - -Chairs in Queen Elizabeth's time, 108 - -Chairs, rush-bottomed, 108 - -Characteristic sketches of the lower orders (1820), 117 - -Characters, Humorous, 52 - -Charles II., Cries in the time of, 18 - -Cherryes in the ryse, 3 - -Chimney Sweeps' Act, 64 - -Clean yer boots?, 44 - -Coachman, Hackney, 70 - -Cockney pronunciation, 31, 53, 72, 73, 74, 126-129 - -Cockney pronunciation, London _Globe_, 78 - -Colly Molly Puffe! _Spectator_, 12 - -Costermonger, or Costardmonger, 46 - -_Costumes of the Lower Orders_, Busby's, 35 - -"Covered Uncertainties," Albert Smith's, 111 - -Crawhall's (Joseph) illustrations, 119 - -Cream made of turnips, 60 - -Cries--Collection in British Museum, 16 - -Cries, Old London Street--Examples of, 76-92 - -Cries, Tempest's, 6 - -Cries in the time of Charles the Second, 18 - -Cries, Under-street, 70 - -Cries, vehicle for political caricature, 29 - -Cries of London, Addison's mention of, 25, 30 - -_Cries of London as they are daily Practised_, J. Harris (1804), 120 - -Cries of London, earliest mention of, 3 - -Cries of London, engraved by Schiavonetti and Wheatley, 42 - -Cries of London for the amusement of good children, 119 - -Cries of London, Humorous, 52, 53, 54 - -_Cries of London_, Lumsden's, 119 - -Cries of London, Roxburgh collection of, 25-33 - -Cries of London, Sandby's, 31 - -_Cries of London_ (J. T.) Smith's, 16 - -Cries of London. Specimens of versification, 111-117 - -Cries of London, _Spectator_, 25 - -Cries of York, 14 - -Cruikshank's London barrow-woman, 100 - -"Cryer," Public, 22 - -Cryes, Tempest's, 6 - -Cuckoo flowers, 35 - -Cut-purses, Caveat against, 42 - - -Dead letter act, A, 51 - -"Degeneration amongst Londoners," Dr. Jas. Cantlie's, 72 - -Description of Illustrations, 117-120 - -"Doing" the public, 47 - -Door Mats, 94 - -Doublets, Old, 10 - -Do you want a lick on the head?, 30 - -Du Maurier's Steam Launch in Venice, 72 - - -Earliest mention of London Cries, 3 - -Early green peas, 94 - -Early matches, 56 - -Early umbrellas, 70 - -Elizabethan Statutes of the streets, 51 - -_Everyday Book_, Hone's, 36, 42, 52, 96, 102, 110, 120 - - -Facetious salesmen of the streets, 52 - -Fair, Bartholomew, 38, 39, 42 - -Faux, the Conjurer, 40 - -Fine tie or a fine bob, sir?, 36 - -Fleas! Tormentor for, 24, 121-125 - -Flea trap, 25 - -Flemish "Buy a broom" criers, 96 - -Flower girls at the Royal Exchange, 68 - -"Flowers, Penny a Bunch!" (frontispiece), 119 - -Frontispiece, "Flowers, Penny a Bunch!", 119 - - -Gardner's Collection of Prints, 7 - -Gay's poor apple girl, 28 - -Gay's _Trivia_, 26 - -_Gazette, London_, 14 - -Gingerbread, Hot spiced, 102 - -Green peas, Early, 94 - -Green rushes, O!, 98 - -Grose, Francis--_The Olio_, 30, 62 - - -Ha! ha! Poor Jack!, 8 - -Hackney Coachman, 70 - -Hanway (Jonas) the philanthropist, 64 - -Herb gatherers, 32 - -Heywood's _Rape of Lucrece_, 24 - -Highest ground in London, 109, 110 - -Hokey-pokey, 58 - -Hone's _Everyday Book_, 36, 42, 52, 96, 102, 110, 120 - -Honest John Newbery, 120 - -Hot-baked wardens!, 38 - -Hot cross buns!, 97 - -Hot mutton trumpery!, 30 - -Hot pies, 111 - -Hot pudding, 96 - -Hot rolls, 96 - -Hot spiced gingerbread, 102 - -Hogarth's Idle Apprentice, 104 - -Hogarth's Laughing Audience, 98 - -Houndsditch, 47, 50 - -Humorous characters, 52 - -Humorous Cries of London, 52, 53, 54 - -Humorous nonsense, 104 - - -Ices, Neapolitan, 58 - -Ices, penny, 58 - -Idle Apprentice, Hogarth's, 104 - -Illustrations, Catnach, 118 - -Illustrations, Crawhall's, 119 - -Illustrations, Description of, 117-120 - -Illustrations, McEgan's, 120 - -Illustrations, Rowlandson's, 117 - -I'm on the woolsack!, 31 - -Imitators of Tiddy Diddy Doll, 104 - -Inner and Outer Circle Railway, 75 - -Inner Circle Railway, 73 - -Irons! Marking, 42 - -Itinerant traders, Plates representing (1805), 118 - - -Jack-in-the-box seller, 56 - -Japan your shoes, your honour?, 44 - -Jaw-work, up and under jaw-work!, 54 - -Johnson (Dr.), Turnips and carrots, O!, 43 - -Jonson's (Ben) _Bartholomew Fair_ (1614), 25 - - -Knives to grind!, 98 - - -Laughing Audience, Hogarth's, 98 - -Laroon, Capt., 7 - -Laroon, Marcellus, 6 - -Lice, penny a pair, boot lice!, 53 - -Lights--pipe and c'gar, 56 - -Loftie's _Old London_, 110 - -London barrow-woman, Cruikshank's, 100 - -London cats, 64 - -_London Cries, as they are daily Practised_, J. Harris (1804), 120 - -London Cries, earliest mention of, 3 - -London Cries, engraved by Schiavonetti and Wheatley, 42 - -London Cries, Humorous, 52, 53, 54 - -_London, Cries of--for the Amusement of Good Children_, 119 - -London Cries, Sandby's, 31 - -London Cries, Specimens of versification, 111-117 - -_London Gazette_, 14 - -London, Highest ground in, 109, 110 - -London Lyckpenny, 3 - -_London Spy_ (1703) Ned Ward's, 38 - -London street cries, Old, Examples of, 76, 92 - -_London, The Three Ladies of_ (1584), 96 - -Lord Mayor's day, 50 - -_Lower Orders_, Busby's _Costumes of the_, 35 - -Lower orders, Characteristic sketches of (1820), 117 - -Lucifer match, The, 56 - -Lumsden's _Cries of London_, 119 - -Lyckpenny, London, 3 - -Lydgate, John, 3 - - -Marking irons!, 42 - -Marking stones, 16 - -Marquis Townshend's, _The Pedlars_ (1763), 29 - -Match, Brimstone, 56 - -Match, Lucifer, 56 - -Match-selling, 48 - -Match, Vesuvian, 56 - -Matches, Early, 56 - -McEgan's illustrations, 120 - -Merry Christ Church bells, 33 - -Metropolitan and District Railways, 73 - -Milk below, maids!, 67 - -Modern boot-black, 44 - -Modern street cries, 62, 64, 67-70 - -_Morning in Town_, Swift's, 10 - -Muffin man, 62 - -My name and your name, etc., 42 - - -Nameless toy, A, 54 - -Neapolitan ices, 58 - -New laid eggs, crack 'em and try 'em!, 54 - -New laid eggs, eight a groat, 110 - -Newsman, The, 68 - -Newspaper, Shilling for a, 68 - -Nonsense, Humorous, 104 - -_Notes and Queries_, References to, 36, 121, 122, 125 - -Novelties from the continent, 50 - -Newbery, Honest John, 120 - - -O' Clo!, 62 - -Old chairs to mend!, 106 - -Old doublets, 10 - -'Okey-pokey, 58 - -_Old London_, Loftie's, 110 - -Old London street cries, Examples of, 76-92 - -_Olio, The_--Francis Grose, 30, 62 - -On the bough, 3 - -On'y a ha'penny!, 54 - -Orange seller, Dr. Randal, The, 52 - -Oranges! Oratorio, 53 - -Ornaments for your fire stoves!, 60 - -'Orrible railway haccident--speshill 'dishun, 68 - -Outcries in the night, 51 - - -Panyer Alley, 109 - -_Pedlars, The_ (1763) List of Cries in, 29 - -Penny for a shillin' 'lusterated magazine!, 51 - -Penny ices!, 58 - -Penny pieman, The, 111 - -Philanthropist, Jonas Hanway, The 64 - -Pieman, The penny, 111 - -Pins, Hone's Reference to, 7 - -Pipe cleaner--penny for two!, 58 - -Pipe-lights, 56 - -Plates representing itinerant traders (1805), 118 - -Play! Buy a bill of the, 97 - -Political caricature, Cries the vehicle for, 29 - -Poor apple girl, Gay's, 28 - -Prisoners! Remember the poor, 14 - -Pronunciation, Cockney, 31, 53, 72, 73, 74, 127-130 - -Pronunciation (Cockney) London _Globe_, 73 - -Public "Cryer", 22 - -Pudding, Hot, 96 - -Pussy's butcher, Business card of, 65, 120 - - -Queen Anne's time, Chairs in, 108 - -Queen Elizabeth's time, Chairs in, 108 - - -Rabbits, 98 - -Railway, Underground, 70 - -Railways, Inner and Outer Circle, 75 - -Railways, Metropolitan and District, 73 - -Randal (Dr.), the orange seller, 52 - -_Rape of Lucrece_, Heywood's, 24 - -Rat-catcher, 18 - -Remember the poor prisoners!, 14 - -Rolls, Hot, 96 - -Rowlandson's illustrations, 117 - -Roxburgh Collection, Cries of London, 25-33 - -Royal Exchange, Flower girls at the, 68 - -Ruddle, 16 - -Rumps and burrs! Buy my, 38 - -Rush-bearing, 100 - -Rush-bottomed chairs, 108 - -Rushes, green, 5 - -Ryster grene 5 - - -Salesmen of the streets, Facetious, 52 - -Saloop, 35 - -Samphire, 98 - -Sandby's (Paul) London Cries, 31 - -Scurvy-grass, Ale, 32 - -Shilling for a newspaper, 68 - -Shrimps! Stinking, 53 - -Simpler, Anecdote of a, 32 - -Simplers, 32 - -Singing glasses! Buy my, 12 - -Small coale, Swift's reference to, 10 - -Smith (J. T.) _Cries of London_, 16 - -Soot! or Sweep O!, 64 - -_Spectator_--Colly Molly Puffe!, 12 - -_Spectator_, Cries of London, 25 - -Speshill 'dishun, 'orrible railway haccident!, 68 - -Statutes of the streets, Elizabethan, 51 - -Steam Launch in Venice, Du Maurier's, 72 - -Steele's comedy of _The Funeral_, 26 - -Stinking shrimps!, 53 - -Stones, Marking, 16 - -Stop thief!, 16 - -Street cries, Modern, 62, 64, 67-70 - -Street music, Regulation of, 52 - -Sweep your door away, mum?, 53 - -Swift's _Morning in Town_, 10 - -Swift's reference to small coale, 10 - - -Tavern sign, Ancient 110 - -Taylor's _Travels of Twelvepence_, 25 - -Tempest's Cryes, 6 - -_The Funeral_, Steele's comedy of, 26 - -Thieves, Area sneak, 48 - -_Three ladies of London_ (1584), 96 - -Tiddy Diddy Doll, 102 - -Tiddy Diddy Doll's imitators, 104 - -Tinker, 94 - -Tormentor for your fleas!, 24, 121-125 - -Townshend, Marquis--_The Pedlars_, 29 - -Toy, A nameless, 54 - -_Travels of Twelvepence_, Taylor's, 25 - -Tricksters, 47, 48 - -_Trivia_, Gay's, 26 - -Troope every one!, 12 - -Turnips and carrots, O! Dr. Johnson's reference thereto, 43 - -Turnips, Cream made of, 60 - -Type seller, 42 - - -Umbrellas, Early, 70 - -Underground Railway, 70 - -Under-street Cries, 70 - - -Versification, Specimens of, in London Cries, 111-117 - - -Wardens! Hot baked, 38 - -Ward's (Ned) _London Spy_ (1703), 38 - -Watchman, 35 - -Water for the Buggs!, 29, 125, 126 - -Waterman, The, 36 - -"What d'ye ack?", 24 - -Whistling prohibited after 9 o'clock, 51 - -White sand and grey sand!, 97 - -Wigs, The best, 36 - -Woolsack! I'm on the, 31 - - -York, Cries of, 14 - -Young lambs to sell!, 105 - -[Illustration] - -EXTRACTS FROM - -FIELD & TUER'S BOOK LIST, -The Leadenhall Press, -_50, LEADENHALL STREET, LONDON, E.C._ - - * * * * * - -☞ All these books are on sale at THE OLD LONDON STREET, -728, Broadway, New York. - - -MR. F. G. HILTON PRICE, F.S.A. - - The Signs of Old Lombard Street. By F. G. HILTON PRICE, F.S.A., - with Sixty full-page 4to Illustrations by JAMES WEST. 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LONDON: Field & Tuer, The - Leadenhall Press, E.C. - -[Twelve-and-Sixpence. - - - -A guide to the study of old-fashioned prints of the Bartolozzi school. -Revised with new and interesting matter: in one thick handsome -vellum-bound volume, gold lettered, broad silken bands and strings. -_Limited to 500 signed and numbered copies._ - - Views of English Society. By a little Girl of Eleven. Illustrated. - LONDON: Field & Tuer, The Leadenhall Press, E. C. - [Two-and-Eightpence. - -"We have read through the 'Views' with intense amusement and -satisfaction."--_Tablet._ - - * * * * * - - -MISS ALICE CORKRAN. - - The Bairns' Annual: for 1886-7. Edited by ALICE CORKRAN. - Illustrated with marginal sketches of child life by LIZZIE LAWSON. - LONDON: Field & Tuer, The Leadenhall Press, E.C. - -[Sixteen-Pence. - - * * * * * - - -SAMUEL RICHARDSON. - - Sir Charles Grandison. By SAMUEL RICHARDSON. With Six Illustrations - from the original copper-plates engraved in 1778 by ISAAC TAYLOR; - and a Preface by JOHN OLDCASTLE. LONDON: Field & Tuer, The - Leadenhall Press, E.C. - -[Sixteen-Pence. - -The beautiful illustrations have been carefully and separately struck -off direct from the original copper-plates themselves--the only method -of printing by which the minuteness and beauty of the engraved work can -be properly rendered. - -"A marvellously cheap series illustrated with charming survivals of the -age of copperplate printing."--_Saturday Review._ - - * * * * * - - -SOLOMON GESSNER. - - SOLOMON GESSNER, "The Swiss Theocritus." With Six Illustrations and - Extra Portrait from the Original Copper-plates engraved in 1802 by - ROBERT CROMEK, from Drawings by THOMAS STOTHARD, R.A., and a - Preface by JOHN OLDCASTLE. LONDON: Field & Tuer, The Leadenhall - Press, E.C. - -[Sixteen-Pence. - - - -The beautiful illustrations have been carefully and separately struck -off direct from the original copper-plates themselves--the only method -of printing by which the minuteness and beauty of the engraved work can -be properly rendered. - -"The choice engravings from the original plates will have a charm of -thousands."--_St. James's Gazette._ - -MR. ANDREW W. TUER. - -(_Dedicated by gracious permission to Her Majesty the Queen._) - - The Follies and Fashions of Our Grand-Fathers (1807). Embellished - with Thirty-seven whole-page Plates, including Ladies' and - Gentlemen's Dress (hand-coloured and heightened with gold and - silver), Sporting and Coaching Scenes (hand-coloured), Fanciful - Prints, Portraits of Celebrities, etc. (many from original - copper-plates). By ANDREW W. TUER, author of "Bartolozzi and his - Works,' etc. LONDON: Field & Tuer, The Leadenhall Press, E.C. - - Large paper copies, crown 4to, with _earliest impressions_ of the - plates; 250 only, signed and numbered, at Three Guineas. - - Demy 8vo copies at Twenty-five Shillings. - - -Quaint, amusing, dependable, and distinctly covetable. The binding more -than suggests buckskin breeches and needlework samplers: in fact, they -are _there_. The extra illustrations include many quaint prints of the -period printed direct from the original copper-plates. - -"May at any time be confidently dipped into by readers in search of -quiet diversion."--_Graphic._ - - * * * * * - - - 1,000 Quaint Cuts from Books of Other Days, including Amusing - Illustrations from Children's Story Books, Fables, Chap-books, - etc., etc.; a Selection of Pictorial Initial Letters and Curious - Designs and Ornaments, from Original Wooden Blocks belonging to The - Leadenhall Press. LONDON: Field & Tuer, The Leadenhall Press, E.C. - -[Sixteen-Pence. - - A limited number printed on one side of the paper only at - Two-and-Eightpence. - - -"A wonderful collection of entertaining old wood engravings ... any one -of these delights is worth the one-and-fourpence."--_Saturday Review._ - -MR. A. R. COLQUHOUN. - - Amongst the Shans: By A. R. COLQUHOUN, F.R.G.S., etc., Author of - "Across Chrysê," "The Truth about Tonquin," "The Opening of China," - "Burma and the Burmans," &c. With upwards of Fifty Illustrations, - and an Historical Sketch of the Shans by HOLT S. HALLETT, preceded - by an Introduction on the "Cradle of the Shan Race," by TERRIEN DE - LACOUPERIE. LONDON: Field & Tuer, The Leadenhall Press, E.C. - -[Twenty-one Shillings. - - - -"Should be read by every English merchant on the look-out for new -markets."--_Globe._ - - * * * * * - - -MR. JOSEPH CRAWHALL. - - IZAAK WALTON: his Wallet Book, being the Songs in "THE COMPLEAT - ANGLER" newly set forth and Illustrated by JOSEPH CRAWHALL. - Hand-made paper; vellum bound, with inside humorously lettered - silk-sewn pockets. _Edition de luxe_, limited and numbered. The - numerous illustrations all separately hand-coloured. LONDON: Field - & Tuer, The Leadenhall Press, E.C. - - [One Guinea (500 Copies only); Large Paper, Two Guineas (100 copies - only). - -One of Mr. Crawhall's engraved blocks--that is, the boxwood block -itself--is attached as a pendant to a silk bookmarker to _each copy of -the large paper edition only_. - - * * * * * - - -MRS. ALFRED W. HUNT. - - Our Grandmothers' Gowns. By Mrs. ALFRED W. HUNT. With Twenty-four - Hand-coloured Illustrations, drawn by G. R. HALKETT. LONDON: Field - & Tuer, The Leadenhall Press, E.C. - -[Seven-and-Sixpence. - - - -Mrs. Hunt gives a short history of the dress of the period, in which she -carefully preserves the original descriptions of the plates as given in -contemporary fashion-books. - - * * * * * - - -☞ All these books are on sale at THE OLD LONDON STREET, 728, Broadway, -New York. - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[1] On the bough. - -[2] Candlewick. - -[3] Rushes green. - -[4] Mr. J. E. Gardner's collection of prints and drawings illustrating -London, and numbering considerably over 120,000, contains many fine -prints illustrating Old London Cries, including numerous examples of -the alterations here indicated. - -[5] "The Cries of London:" Copied from rare engravings or drawn from -the life by John Thomas Smith, late Keeper of the Prints in the British -Museum, 1839. On inquiring at the Print Department of the British -Museum for a copy of this work, the attendant knew nothing of it, and -was quite sure the department had no such book. It turned up on a -little pressure, however, but the leaves were uncut.--_Les morts vont -vite!_ - -[6] See Appendix. - -[7] See page 125. - -[8] "The best wigs are those made in Great Britain; they beat the -French and German ones all to sticks." _The Book of Aphorisms_, by a -modern Pythagorean, 1834. - -[9] Francis Grose tells us, in 1796, that some trades have from time -immemorial invoked musical assistance,--such as those of pie, post, and -dust men, who ring a bell. - - My bell I keep ringing - And walk about merrily singing - My muffins. - - -[10] "Degeneration amongst Londoners." By James Cantlie, M.A., M.B., -F.R.C.S. One Shilling. The Leadenhall Press, E.C. - -[11] Hammersmith. - -[12] See p. 29. - - - - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Old London Street Cries and the Cries -of To-day, by Andrew W. Tuer - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK OLD LONDON STREET CRIES *** - -***** This file should be named 61861-0.txt or 61861-0.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/6/1/8/6/61861/ - -Produced by Susan Skinner, Chuck Greif and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed. - -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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Tuer - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org/license - - -Title: Old London Street Cries and the Cries of To-day - With Heaps of Quaint Cuts including Hand-coloured Frontispiece - -Author: Andrew W. Tuer - -Release Date: April 18, 2020 [EBook #61861] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK OLD LONDON STREET CRIES *** - - - - -Produced by Susan Skinner, Chuck Greif and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net - - - - - - -</pre> - -<hr class="full" /> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/cover.jpg" width="338" height="500" alt="[Image unavailable.]" title="" /> -</div> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/frontispiece.jpg" height="500" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Flowers, penny a bunch.</i>"</p></div> -</div> - -<h1>Old London Street<br /> -<b><big>Cries</big></b></h1> - -<p class="c"><small><span class="spc">AND THE CRIES OF TO-DAY</span><br /><br /> -WITH<br /></small><big><span class="spc"> -<i><img src="images/heaps.png" -width="350" -alt="Heaps of Quaint Cuts" -/></i></span></big><br /> -<br /> -<small>INCLUDING</small><br /> -<br /> -<i>Hand-coloured Frontispiece</i>: -<br /><br /> -<small>BY</small><br /> - -Andrew W. Tuer, -<br /><small> -Author of “Bartolozzi and his Works,” &c.</small> -<br /><br /> -<img src="images/colophon.png" -width="200" -alt="[Image unavailable.]" -/> -<br /><br /> -1887.<br /> -N E W Y O R K:<br /> -<i>Published for</i><br /> -The Old London Street Company,<br /> -728, BROADWAY.<br /> -<span style="margin-left: 30%;">[Rights Reserved: Wrongs Revenged!</span> -</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/verso.jpg" width="150" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -</div> - -<p class="c"> -PRINTED AT<br /> -THE LEADENHALL PRESS,<br /> -LONDON, E.C.<br /> -T 4,237.<br /></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_1" id="page_1">{1}</a></span> </p> - -<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="" -style="border:4px outset gray;padding:1em;"> -<tr><td class="c"><a href="#Index"><span class="smcap">Index</span></a></td></tr> -</table> - -<h2><a name="Introductory" id="Introductory"></a>Introductory.<br /> -<img src="images/illus_001.jpg" -width="86" -alt="" -/></h2> - -<p class="nind"><span class="letra">T</span>HE “Cries” have been sufficiently well received in bolder form to -induce the publication of this additionally illustrated extension at a -more popular price.<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_2" id="page_2">{2}</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 208px;"> -<img src="images/illus_002.jpg" width="208" height="114" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_3" id="page_3">{3}</a></span></p> - -<h2><i>Old London Street Cries.</i></h2> - -<p class="nind"><span class="letra">D</span>ATES, unless in the form of the luscious fruit of Smyrna, are generally -dry. It is enough therefore to state that the earliest mention of London -Cries is found in a quaint old ballad entitled “London Lyckpenny,” or -Lack penny, by that prolific writer, John Lydgate, a Benedictine monk of -Bury St. Edmunds, who flourished about the middle of the fifteenth -century.</p> - -<p>These cries are particularly quaint, and especially valuable as a record -of the daily life of the time.</p> - -<p class="astc">* * * * * * *</p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Then unto London I dyd me hye,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Of all the land it beareth the pryse:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Hot pescodes, one began to crye,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Strabery rype, and cherryes in the ryse;<a name="FNanchor_1_1" id="FNanchor_1_1"></a><a href="#Footnote_1_1" class="fnanchor">[1]</a><br /></span> -<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_4" id="page_4">{4}</a></span></div></div> -</div> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 327px;"> -<img src="images/illus_004.jpg" width="327" height="527" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>I love a Ballad in print, a’life; for then we are sure -they are true.</i>”—<span class="smcap">Winter’s Tale</span>, Act. iv., Sc. iv.</p></div> -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_5" id="page_5">{5}</a></span></p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">One bad me come nere and by some spyce,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Peper and safforne they gan me bede,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">But for lack of money I myght not spede.<br /></span> -</div><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Then to the Chepe I began me drawne,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Where mutch people I saw for to stande;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">One spred me velvet, sylke, and lawne,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Another he taketh me by the hande,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">“Here is Parys thred, the fynest in the land;”<br /></span> -<span class="i2">I never was used to such thyngs indede,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And wantyng money I myght not spede.<br /></span> -</div><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Then went I forth by London stone,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Throughout all Canwyke<a name="FNanchor_2_2" id="FNanchor_2_2"></a><a href="#Footnote_2_2" class="fnanchor">[2]</a> Streete;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Drapers mutch cloth me offred anone,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Then comes me one cryed hot shepes feete;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">One cryde makerell, ryster<a name="FNanchor_3_3" id="FNanchor_3_3"></a><a href="#Footnote_3_3" class="fnanchor">[3]</a> grene, an other gan greete<br /></span> -<span class="i2">On bad me by a hood to cover my head,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">But for want of mony I myght not be sped.<br /></span> -</div><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Then I hyed me into Est-Chepe;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">One cryes rybbs of befe, and many a pye;<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<p class="astc">* * * * * * *</p> - -<p>Since Lydgate’s time the cries of London have been a stock subject for -ballads and children’s books, of<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_6" id="page_6">{6}</a></span> which, in various forms, some hundreds -must have appeared within the last two centuries. The cuts, unless from -the hand of a Rowlandson or a Cruikshank, are usually of the mechanical -order; and one finds copies of the same illustrations, though -differently treated, constantly reappearing.</p> - -<p>In the books there is usually a cut on each page, with a cry printed -above or underneath, and in addition a verse of descriptive poetry, -which, if not of the highest order, serves its purpose.</p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">With his machine and ass to help<br /></span> -<span class="i2">To draw the frame along,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Pray mark the razor-grinder’s yelp<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The burden of his song.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">His patched umbrella quick aloft<br /></span> -<span class="i2">He mounts if skies should lower,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Then laughing whirls his wheel full oft,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Nor heeds the falling shower.<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<p>A well-known collection is that entitled “Habits & Cryes of the City of -London, drawne after the Life; P. [Pearce] Tempest, excudit,” containing -seventy-four plates, drawn by Marcellus Laroon [Lauron], and republished -in 1711. The first edition, with only fifty illustrations, had appeared -some three-and-twenty years earlier; and many of the copper-plates in -the<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_7" id="page_7">{7}</a></span> later issue were so altered as to bring the costume into the -fashion of the time of republication. The hats had their high crowns cut -down into low; and shoe-buckles were substituted for laces. Otherwise -the plates,—with the exception of some of the faces, which were -entirely re-engraved,—were left in their original condition.<a name="FNanchor_4_4" id="FNanchor_4_4"></a><a href="#Footnote_4_4" class="fnanchor">[4]</a> The -letter-press descriptions are in English, French, and Italian. The -engraver, Marcellus Lauron, or Captain Laroon, who was born in London, -has left on record that his family name was Lauron, but being always -called Laroon, he adopted that spelling in early life. Of the -seventy-four plates, those representing eccentric characters, etc., are -omitted from the list that follows:—</p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Any Card Matches or Save Alls?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Pretty Maids, Pretty Pins, Pretty Women!<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<p>“I remember,” says Hone, “that pins were disposed of in this -manner, in the streets by women. Their cry was a musical distich:—</p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">‘Three Rows a Penny pins,<br /></span> -<span class="i1">Short, Whites, and Mid-dl-ings!’<span class="lftspc">”</span><br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<p>Ripe Strawberryes!<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_8" id="page_8">{8}</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 223px;"> -<img src="images/illus_008.jpg" width="223" height="313" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Three Rows a Penny pins!</i>”</p></div> -</div> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A Bed Matt [mat] or a Door Matt!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Buy a fine Table Basket?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Ha, ha, Poor Jack!<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<div class="blockquot"><p>Can hardly be called a London cry: the call of a well-known -character, who, accompanied by his wife, sold fish.</p></div> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Buy my Dish of great Eeles?<br /></span> -<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_9" id="page_9">{9}</a></span></div></div> -</div> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 257px;"> -<img src="images/illus_009.jpg" width="257" height="426" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Buy a fine Singing Bird?</i>”</p></div> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_10" id="page_10">{10}</a></span></p> -</div> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Buy a fine singing Bird?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Buy any wax or wafers?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Fine Writeing Ink!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">A Right Merry Song!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Old Shoes for some Broomes!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Hott baked Wardens [stewed pears] Hott!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Small Coale!<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<div class="blockquot"><p>Swift mentions this cry in his “Morning in Town.”</p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">“The Small Coal Man was heard with cadence deep<br /></span> -<span class="i1">Till drowned in shriller notes of ‘Chimney Sweep.’<span class="lftspc">”</span><br /></span> -</div></div> -</div></div> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Maids, any Coonie [rabbit] Skinns?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Buy a Rabbit, a Rabbit?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Chimney Sweep!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Crab, Crab, any Crab?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Oh, Rare Shoe!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Lilly White Vinegar!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Buy any Dutch Biskets?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Ripe Speregas! [asparagus]<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Buy a Fork or a Fire Shovel? [<a href="#page_13">See p. 13.</a>]<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Maids, buy a Mapp? [mop]<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Buy my fat Chickens?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Buy my Flounders?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Old Cloaks, Suits, or Coats?<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<div class="blockquot"><p>[Succeeding Old Doublets, the cry of a slightly earlier period.]</p></div> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Fair Lemons and Oranges?<br /></span> -<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_11" id="page_11">{11}</a></span></div></div> -</div> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 263px;"> -<img src="images/illus_011.jpg" width="263" height="447" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Fine Writeing Ink!</i>”</p></div> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_12" id="page_12">{12}</a></span></p> -</div> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Old Chaires to Mend?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Twelve Pence a Peck, Oysters!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Troope every one! [<a href="#page_17">See p. 17.</a>]<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<div class="blockquot"><p>The man blowing a trumpet—troope every one!—was a street seller -of toy hobby-horses. He carried his wares in a sort of cage; and to -each rudely represented horse’s head was attached a small flag. The -toy hobby-horse has long since disappeared, and nowadays we give a -little boy a stick to thrust between his legs as a Bucephalus. Hone -opines that our forefathers were better natured, for they presented -him with something of the semblance of the genuine animal.</p></div> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Old Satten, Old Taffety, or Velvet!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Buy a new Almanack!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Buy my Singing Glasses!<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<div class="blockquot"><p>These were long bell-mouthed glass tubes. The writer recollects -that when a boy he purchased, for a copper or two, fragile glass -trumpets of a similar description.</p></div> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Any Kitchen Stuffe have you, Maids?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Knives, Combs, or Inkhorns!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Four for Six Pence, Mackrell!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Any work for the Cooper?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Four Paire for a Shilling, Holland Socks!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Colly Molly Puffe!<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<div class="blockquot"><p>The cry of a noted seller of pastry. He is mentioned in the -<i>Spectator</i>, No. xxv.</p></div> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Sixpence a pound, Fair Cherryes! [<a href="#page_21">See p. 21.</a>]<br /></span> -<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_13" id="page_13">{13}</a></span></div></div> -</div> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 263px;"> -<img src="images/illus_013.jpg" width="263" height="448" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Buy a Fork or a Fire Shovel?</i>”</p></div> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_14" id="page_14">{14}</a></span></p> -</div> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Knives or Cisers to Grinde!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Long thread Laces, long and strong!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Remember the poor Prisoners!<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<p>In a series of early prints in the Bridgewater library, from copper -plates, by an unknown artist, probably engraved between 1650 and -1680, there is one thus titled: “Some broken Breade and meate for -ye poore prisoners: for the Lorde’s sake pittey the poore.” Within -the memory of our fathers a tin box was put out from a grated -window in the Fleet prison, a prisoner meanwhile imploring the -public to remember the poor debtors. In the “Cries of York, for the -amusement of young children,” undated, but published probably -towards the end of the last century, are the following lines:—</p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i4">Of prisoners in the Castle drear<br /></span> -<span class="i4">Come buy a Kalendar,<br /></span> -<span class="i4">Their crimes and names are set down here<br /></span> -<span class="i4">’Tis Truth I do declare.<br /></span> -</div> -<div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">A brass Pott or an Iron Pott to mend!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Buy my four ropes of Hard Onyons!<br /></span> -<span class="i0"><i>London’s Gazette</i> here!<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<div class="blockquot"><p class="c">The <i>London Gazette</i>, established in 1665.</p></div> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Buy a White Line or a Jack Line, or a Cloathes Line.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Any old Iron take money for?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Delicate Cowcumbers to pickle!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Any Bakeing Peares?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">New River Water!<br /></span> -<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_15" id="page_15">{15}</a></span></div></div> -</div> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 226px;"> -<img src="images/illus_015.jpg" width="226" height="401" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Fine Oysters!</i>” -<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_16" id="page_16">{16}</a></span></p></div> -</div> - -<p>The cry of “Marking Stones,” which marked black or red, and preceded the -daintier cedar-encased lead pencil of our own time, is not mentioned by -Laroon. J. T. Smith,<a name="FNanchor_5_5" id="FNanchor_5_5"></a><a href="#Footnote_5_5" class="fnanchor">[5]</a> says that the colour of the red marking-stone -was due to “Ruddle,” a colour not to be washed out, and that fifty years -ago (he wrote in 1839) it was the custom at cheap lodging-houses to mark -with it on linen the words, “<i>Stop thief!</i>”</p> - -<p>The following lines are from a sheet of London Cries, twelve in number, -undated, but probably of James the Second’s time:—</p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Buy marking-stones, marking-stones buy,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Much profit in their use doth lie;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I’ve marking-stones of colour red,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Passing good, or else black lead.<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<p>In the British Museum is a folio volume containing another curious -little collection, on three sheets, of early London cries; also undated -and of foreign<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_17" id="page_17">{17}</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 243px;"> -<img src="images/illus_017.jpg" width="243" height="440" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Troope every one!</i>”<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_18" id="page_18">{18}</a></span></p></div> -</div> - -<p class="nind">workmanship, but attributable to the time of Charles II. The first sheet -has a principal representation of a rat-catcher with a banner emblazoned -with rats; he is attended by an assistant boy, and underneath are these -lines:—</p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">He that will have neither<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Ratt nor mousse,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Lett him pluck of the tilles<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And set fire of his hows.<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<p>Then come the following cries:</p> - -<table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" summary=""> -<tr valign="top"><td>Cooper.<br /> -En of golde!<br /> -Olde Dublets!<br /> -Blackinge man.<br /> -Tinker.<br /> -Pippins!<br /> -Bui a matte!<br /> -Coales!<br /> -Chimney swepes.<br /> -Bui brumes!<br /> -Camphires! [Samphire]<br /> -Cherrie ripe!<br /> -Alminake!<br /> -Coonie skine!<br /> -Mussels!</td> -<td style="border-left:1px solid black;padding-left:1em;"> -Cabeches!<br /> -Kitchen stuff!<br /> -Glasses!<br /> -Cockels!<br /> -Hartti Chaks!<br /> -Mackrill!<br /> -Oranges, Lemens!<br /> -Lettice!<br /> -Place!<br /> -Olde Iron!<br /> -Aqua vitæ!<br /> -Pens and Ink!<br /> -Olde bellows!<br /> -Herrings!<br /> -Bui any milke?</td></tr> -</table> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_19" id="page_19">{19}</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 233px;"> -<img src="images/illus_019.jpg" width="233" height="395" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Milk below, Maids!</i>”<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_20" id="page_20">{20}</a></span></p></div> -</div> - -<table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" summary=""> -<tr valign="top"><td> -Piepin pys!<br /> -Osters!<br /> -Shades!</td> -<td style="border-left:1px solid black;padding-left:1em;"> -Turneps!<br /> -Rossmarie Baie!<br /> -Onions. -</td></tr> -</table> - -<p>The principal figure on the second sheet is the “Belman,” with halberd, -lanthorn, and dog.</p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Mayds in your Smocks, Loocke<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Wel to your locke—<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Your fire<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And your light,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">& God<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Give you good-night.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">At<br /></span> -<span class="i0">One o’Clock.<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<p>This is followed by:</p> - -<table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" summary=""> -<tr valign="top"><td> -Buy any shrimps?<br /> -Buy some figs?<br /> -Buy a tosting iron?<br /> -Lantorne Candellyht.<br /> -Buy any maydes?<br /> -The Water Bearer.<br /> -Buy a whyt pot?<br /> -Bread and Meate!<br /> -Buy a candelsticke?<br /> -Buy any prunes?<br /> -Buy a washing ball? -</td> -<td style="border-left:1px solid black;padding-left:1em;"> -Good sasages!<br /> -Buy a purs?<br /> -Buy a dish a flounders?<br /> -Buy a footestoole?<br /> -Buy a fine bowpot?<br /> -Buy a pair a shoes?<br /> -Buy any garters?<br /> -Featherbeds to dryue?<br /> -Buy any bottens?<br /> -Buy any whiting maps?<br /> -Buy any tape? -</td></tr> -</table> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_21" id="page_21">{21}</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 241px;"> -<img src="images/illus_021.jpg" width="241" height="441" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Sixpence a pound, Fair Cherryes!</i>”<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_22" id="page_22">{22}</a></span></p></div> -</div> - -<table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" summary=""> -<tr valign="top"><td> -Worcestershyr salt!<br /> -Ripe damsons!<br /> -Buy any marking stoēs?<br /> -The Bear bayting.<br /> -Buy any blew starch?<br /> -Buy any points?v -New Hadog! -</td> -<td style="border-left:1px solid black;padding-left:1em;"> -Yards and Ells!<br /> -Buy a fyne brush?<br /> -Hote mutton poys!<br /> -New sprats new!<br /> -New cod new!<br /> -Buy any reasons?<br /> -P. and glasses to mend -</td></tr> -</table> - -<p>The public “Cryer” on the third sheet, who bears a staff and keys, -humorously speaks as follows:</p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">“O yis, any man or woman that<br /></span> -<span class="i1">Can tell any tydings of a little<br /></span> -<span class="i1">Mayden childe of the age of 24<br /></span> -<span class="i1">Yeares. Bring worde to the Cryer<br /></span> -<span class="i1">And you shal be pleased for<br /></span> -<span class="i4">Your labor,<br /></span> -<span class="i1">And God’s blessinge.”<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<p>Then follow:</p> - -<table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" summary=""> -<tr valign="top"><td> -Buy any wheat?<br /> -Buy al my smelts?<br /> -Quick periwinckels!<br /> -Rype chesnuts!<br /> -Payres fyn!<br /> -White redish whyt!<br /> -Buy any whyting?<br /> -Buy any bone lays?</td> -<td style="border-left:1px solid black;padding-left:1em;"> -I ha rype straberies!<br /> -Buy a case for a hat?<br /> -Birds and hens!<br /> -Hote podding pyes!<br /> -Buy a hair line?<br /> -Buy any pompcons?<br /> -Whyt scalions!<br /> -Rype walnuts! -</td></tr> -</table> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_23" id="page_23">{23}</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 228px;"> -<img src="images/illus_023.jpg" width="228" height="393" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Songs, penny a sheet!</i>”<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_24" id="page_24">{24}</a></span></p></div> -</div> - -<table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" summary=""> -<tr valign="top"><td> -Fyne potatos fyn!<br /> -Hote eele pyes!<br /> -Fresh cheese and creame?<br /> -Buy any garlick?<br /> -Buy a longe brush?<br /> -Whyt carots whyt!<br /> -Fyne pomgranats!<br /> -Buy any Russes?<br /> -Hats or caps to dress?<br /> -Wood to cleave?</td> -<td style="border-left:1px solid black;padding-left:1em;"> -Pins of the Maker!<br /> -Any sciruy gras?<br /> -Any cornes to pick?<br /> -Buy any parsnips?<br /> -Hot codlinges hot!<br /> -Buy all my soales?<br /> -Good morrow m.<br /> -Buy any cocumber?<br /> -New thornebacke!<br /> -Fyne oate cakes! -</td></tr> -</table> - -<p>From all this it will be seen that merchandise of almost every -description was formerly “carried and cried” in the streets. When shops -were little more than open shanties, the apprentice’s cry of “What d’ye -lack, what d’ye lack, my masters?” was often accompanied by a running -description of the goods on sale, together with personal remarks, -complimentary or otherwise, to likely and unlikely buyers.</p> - -<p>A very puzzling London Cry, yet at one time a very common one, was “A -tormentor for your fleas!”<a name="FNanchor_6_6" id="FNanchor_6_6"></a><a href="#Footnote_6_6" class="fnanchor">[6]</a> What the instrument so heralded could have -been, one can but dimly guess. A contributor to <i>Fraser’s Magazine</i>, -tells us that in a collection of London Cries appended to Thomas -Heywood’s <i>Rape of Lucrece</i><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_25" id="page_25">{25}</a></span> (1608), he gives us this one: “Buy a very -fine mouse-trap, or a tormentor for your fleaes;” and the cry of the -mouse-trap man in Ben Jonson’s Bartholomew Fair (1614), is, “Buy a -mouse-trap, a mouse-trap, or a tormentor for a flea.” The flea-trap is -also alluded to in <i>The Bonduca</i> of Beaumont and Fletcher, and in -<i>Travels of Twelve-Pence</i>, by Taylor, the Water Poet; and it reappears -in a broadside in the Roxburgh Collection of Ballads, “The Common Cries -of London” [dated 1662, but probably written a hundred years earlier]: -“Buy a trap, a mouse-trap, a torment for the fleas!” When the great Bard -of the Lake School was on a tour, he made a call at an inn where Shelley -happened to be; but the conversation, which the young man would fain -have turned to philosophy and poetry and art, was almost confined to the -elder poet’s prosaic description of his dog as “an excellent flea-trap.” -It may be assumed that fleas were plentiful when this cry was in vogue; -and it may have been that the trap was part of the (undressed?) skin of -an animal with the hair left on, in which fleas would naturally take -refuge, drowning, perhaps, being their ultimate fate. But all this is -mere conjecture.</p> - -<p>It was unlikely that so close an observer of London life as Addison -should leave unnoticed the Cries of London; and the <i>Spectator</i> is -interspersed with occa<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_26" id="page_26">{26}</a></span>sional allusions to them. In No. ccli. we read: -“There is nothing which more astonishes a Foreigner, and frights a -Country Squire, than the Cries of London. My good Friend Sir <span class="smcap">Roger</span> often -declares that he cannot get them out of His Head, or go to sleep for -them, the first Week that he is in Town. On the contrary, <span class="smcap">Will Honeycomb</span> -calls them the <i>Ramage de la Ville</i>, and prefers them to the Sounds of -Larks and Nightingales, with all the Musick of the Fields and Woods.”</p> - -<p>In Steele’s comedy of <i>The Funeral</i>, Trim tells some ragged soldiers, -“There’s a thousand things you might do to help out about this town, as -to cry Puff-Puff Pyes; have you any Knives or Scissors to grind? or late -in an evening, whip from <i>Grub Street</i> strange and bloody News from -<i>Flanders</i>; Votes from the House of Commons; Buns, rare Buns; Old Silver -Lace, Cloaks, Sutes or Coats; Old Shoes, Boots or Hats.”</p> - -<p>Gay, too, who, in his microscopic lyric of the streets, <i>Trivia</i>, -omitted little, thus sings of various street cries:—</p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Now Industry awakes her busy sons;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Full charged with News the breathless hawker runs;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Shops open, coaches roll, carts shake the ground,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And all the streets with passing cries resound.<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_27" id="page_27">{27}</a></span></p> - -<p class="astc">* * * * * * *</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 216px;"> -<img src="images/illus_027.jpg" width="216" height="398" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Buy a doll, Miss?</i>”<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_28" id="page_28">{28}</a></span></p></div> -</div> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">When all the Mall in leafy ruin lies,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And damsels first renew their Oyster cries.<br /></span> -<span class="astc">* * * * * * *<br /></span> -<span class="i0">When small coal murmurs in the hoarser throat,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">From smutty dangers guard thy threatn’d coat.<br /></span> -<span class="astc">* * * * * * *<br /></span> -<span class="i0">What though the gathering mire thy feet besmear,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The voice of Industry is always near.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Hark! the boy calls thee to his destined stand,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And the shoe shines beneath his oily hand.<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<p>Sadly he tells the tale of a poor Apple girl who lost her life on the -frozen Thames:—</p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Doll every day had walk’d these treacherous roads;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Her neck grew warpt beneath autumnal loads<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Of various fruit: she now a basket bore;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">That head, alas! shall basket bear no more.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Each booth she frequent past, in quest of gain,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And boys with pleasure heard her shrilling strain.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Ah, Doll! all mortals must resign their breath,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And industry itself submit to death!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The cracking crystal yields; she sinks, she dies,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Her head chopt off from her lost shoulders flies;<br /></span> -<span class="i0"><i>Pippins</i> she cry’d; but death her voice confounds;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And <i>pip</i>, <i>pip</i>, <i>pip</i>, along the ice resounds.<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<p>Street cries have, before now, been made the vehicle<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_29" id="page_29">{29}</a></span> for Political -Caricature, notably in <i>The Pedlars, or Scotch Merchants of London</i> -(1763) attributed to the Marquis Townshend, which has particular -reference to Lord Bute. Eliminating the political satire, we get a long -list of street cries. The pedlars march two and two, carrying, of -course, their wares with them. The vendors of food are numerous. One -calls out “Dumplings, ho!” another, who carries a large can, wishes to -know “Who’l have a dip and a wallop for a bawbee?”[A] Then come “Hogs -Puddings;” “Wall Fleet Oysters;” “New Mackrel;” “Sevil Oranges and -Lemons;” “Barcelona Philberts;” “Spanish Chestnuts;” “Ripe Turkey Figs;” -“Heart Cakes;” “Fine Potatoes;” “New-born Eggs, 8 a groat;” “Bolognia -Sausages.” Miscellaneous wants are met with “Weather Cocks for little -Scotch Courtiers;” “Bonnets for to fit English heads;” “Laces all a -halfpenny a piece;” “Ribbons a groat a yard;” “Fine Pomatum;” “Buy my -Wash Balls, Gemmen and Ladies;” “Fine Black Balls” (Blacking); “Buy a -Flesh Brush;” “Buy my Brooms;” “Buy any Saveall or Oeconomy Pans, -Ladies;” “Water for the Buggs;”<a name="FNanchor_7_7" id="FNanchor_7_7"></a><a href="#Footnote_7_7" class="fnanchor">[7]</a> “Buy my pack-thread;” “Hair or -Combings” (for the manufacture of Wigs); “Any Kitchen Stuff;” “Buy my -Matches.<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_30" id="page_30">{30}</a></span>”</p> - -<p>Addison accuses the London street criers of cultivating the -accomplishment of crying their wares so as not to be understood; and in -that curious medley of <i>bons-mots</i> and biographical sketches, “The -Olio,” by Francis Grose,—dated 1796, but written probably some twenty -years earlier,—the author says, “The variety of cries uttered by the -retailers of different articles in the streets of London make no -inconsiderable part in its novelty to strangers and foreigners. An -endeavour to guess at the goods they deal in through the medium of -language would be a vain attempt, as few of them convey any articulate -sound. It is by their tune and the time of day that the modern cries of -London are to be discriminated.”</p> - -<p>J. T. Smith says that the no longer heard cry of “Holloway Cheese-Cakes” -was pronounced “<i>All my Teeth Ache</i>;” and an old woman who sold mutton -dumplings in the neighbourhood of Gravel Lane called, “<i>Hot Mutton -Trumpery</i>;” while a third crier, an old man who dealt in brick-dust, -used to shout something that sounded exactly like “<i>Do you want a lick -on the head?</i>” Another man—a vendor of chickweed—brayed like an ass; -while a stentorian bawler, who was described as a great nuisance, -shouted “Cat’s Meat,” though he sold cabbages.</p> - -<p>Indeed, some of the cries in our own day would<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_31" id="page_31">{31}</a></span> appear to be just as -difficult to distinguish. A lady tells me that in a poor district she -regularly visits, the coal-cart man cries: “I’m on the woolsack!” but -what he means is, “Fine Wallsend Coal!” The philologist will find the -pronunciation of the peripatetic Cockney vendor of useful and amusing -trifles—almost invariably penn’orths, by the way—worthy of careful -study. Here are a couple of phonetically rendered examples: “Bettnooks, -a penny fer two, two frer penny.” [Button hooks, a penny for two, two -for a penny.] “En endy shoo-awn frer penny.” [A handy shoe-horn for a -penny.]</p> - -<p>Amongst the twelve etched London Cries “done from the life” by Paul -Sandby, in 1766, and now scarce, are the following curious examples:—</p> - -<p>My pretty little gimy [smart] tarter for a halfpenny stick, or a penny -stick, or a stick to beat your Wives or Dust your cloths!</p> - -<p>Memorandum books a penny a-piece of the poor blind. God bless you. Pity -the blind!</p> - -<p>Do you want any spoons—hard metal spoons? Have you any old brass or -pewter to sell or change?</p> - -<p>All fire and no smoke. A very good flint or a very good steel. Do you -want a good flint or steel?</p> - -<p>Any tripe, or neat’s foot or calf’s-foot, or trotters, ho! Hearts, Liver -or Lights!<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_32" id="page_32">{32}</a></span></p> - -<p>The simplers, or herb-gatherers, who were at one time numerous, supplied -the herb-shops in Covent Garden, Fleet, and Newgate Markets. They culled -from the hedges and brooks not only watercresses, of which London now -annually consumes about £15,000 worth, but dandelions, scurvy grass, -nettles, bittersweet, red valerian, cough-grass, feverfew, hedge -mustard, and a variety of other simples. Notwithstanding the greater -pungency of the wild variety, preferred on that account, of late years -watercress-growing has been profitably followed as a branch of market -gardening. In third-rate “genteel” neighbourhoods, where the family -purse is seldom too well filled, “Creeses, young watercreeses,” varied -by shrimps or an occasional bloater, would appear to form the chief -afternoon solace. Towards the end of the last century scurvy-grass was -highly esteemed; and the best scurvy-grass ale is said to have been sold -in Covent Garden at the public-house at the corner of Henrietta Street.</p> - -<p>The modern dealer in simples, who for a few pence supplies pills and -potions of a more or less harmless character, calculated for the cure of -every bodily ailment that afflicts humanity, flourishes in the poorer -districts of London, and calls himself a herbalist. During the progress -of an all too short acquaintance<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_33" id="page_33">{33}</a></span>ship struck up with a simpler in an -Essex country lane through the medium of a particularly fragrant and -soothing herb, the conversation happened on depression of spirits, and -dandelion tea was declared to be an unfailing specific. “You know, sir, -bad spirits means that the liver is out of order. The doctors gives you -a deadly mineral pizen, which they calls blue pill, and it certainly do -pizen ’em, but then you run the chance of being pizened yerself.” A look -of astonishment caused him to continue. “You’ve noticed the ’oles in a -sheep’s liver after it’s cut up, ’aven’t you? Well, them ’oles is caused -by slugs, and ’uman bein’s is infested just the same. So is awsiz -(horses), but they don’t never take no blue pill. Catch ’em! The doctors -knows all about it, bless yer, but they don’t talk so plain as me. <i>I</i> -calls out-of-sort-ishness ‘slugs in the liver,’ and pizens ’em with -three penn’rth of dandelion tea, for which I charges thrippence. <i>They</i> -calls it ‘sluggishness of the liver,’ and pizens ’em with a penn’rth of -blue pill, for which they charges a guinea, and as often as not they -pizens the patient too.” What a mine of “copy” that simple simpler would -have proved to a James Payn or a Walter Besant!</p> - -<p>The following at one time popular and often reprinted lines, to the tune -of “The Merry Christ Church Bells,” are from the Roxburgh Collection of -Ballads:<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_34" id="page_34">{34}</a></span></p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Here’s fine rosemary, sage and thyme.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Come and buy my ground ivy.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Here’s fetherfew, gilliflowers, and rue.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Come buy my knotted marjorum ho!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Come buy my mint, my fine green mint.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Here’s lavender for your cloaths,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Here’s parsley and winter savory,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And heartsease which all do choose.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Here’s balm and hissop and cinquefoil,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">All fine herbs, it is well known.<br /></span> -<span class="i4">Let none despise the merry, merry wives<br /></span> -<span class="i4">Of famous London town.<br /></span> -</div><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Here’s pennyroyal and marygolds,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Come buy my nettle-tops.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Here’s watercresses and scurvy grass.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Come buy my sage of virtue, ho!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Come buy my wormwood and mugwort.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Here’s all fine herbs of every sort,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And southernwood that’s very good,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Dandelion and horseleek.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Here’s dragon’s tongue and horehound.<br /></span> -<span class="i4">Let none despise the merry, merry wives<br /></span> -<span class="i4">Of famous London town.<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<p>Less characteristic is an old undated penny ballad from which we cull -the following lines:<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_35" id="page_35">{35}</a></span>—</p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Wood, three bundles a penny, all dried deal;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Now, who’ll buy a good flint or steel?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Buy a walking stick, a good ash stump;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Hearthstone, pretty maids, a penny a lump.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Fine mackrel; penny a plateful sprats;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Dog’s meat, marm, to feed your cats?<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<p>The cry of Saloop, a favourite drink of the young bloods of a hundred -and fifty years back, conveys no meaning to the present generation. -Considered as a sovereign cure for drunkenness, and pleasant withal, -saloop, first sold at street corners, where it was consumed principally -about the hour of midnight, eventually found its way into the coffee -houses. The ingredients used in the preparation of this beverage were of -several kinds—sassafras, and plants of the genus known by the simplers -as cuckoo-flowers, being the principal among them. Saloop finally -disappeared some five and twenty years ago.</p> - -<p>The watchman cried the time every half hour. In addition to a lantern -and rattle, he was armed with a stout stick. T. L. Busby, who in 1819 -illustrated “The Costumes of the Lower Orders of London,” tells us that -in March the watchman began his rounds at eight in the evening, and -finished them at six in the morning. From April to September his hours -were<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_36" id="page_36">{36}</a></span> from ten till five; and from November to the end of February, -twelve till seven. During the darkest months there was an extra watch -from six to twelve, and extra patrols of sergeants walked over the beats -at intervals.</p> - -<p>One of London’s best known characters, the Waterman, does not appear to -have adopted a cry; or, if he did, no mention of it can be found. But a -correspondent of <i>Notes and Queries</i> (5th S. I. May 2, 1874) says: “I -heard this verse of a very old (waterman’s) song from a very old -gentleman on the occasion of the last overflow of the Thames:—</p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">“<span class="lftspc">‘</span>Twopence to London Bridge, threepence to the Strand,<br /></span> -<span class="i1">Fourpence, Sir, to Whitehall Stairs, or else you’ll go by land.’<span class="lftspc">”</span><br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<p class="nind">The point of departure, however, is not given.</p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">“Fine Tie or a fine Bob, Sir!” According to Hone,<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<p class="nind">this was the cry in vogue at a time when everybody, old and young, wore -wigs.<a name="FNanchor_8_8" id="FNanchor_8_8"></a><a href="#Footnote_8_8" class="fnanchor">[8]</a> The price of a common one was a guinea, and every journeyman -had a new<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_37" id="page_37">{37}</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 332px;"> -<img src="images/illus_037.jpg" width="332" height="530" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Past one o’clock, an’ a fine morning!</i>”<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_38" id="page_38">{38}</a></span></p></div> -</div> - -<p class="nind">one every year; each apprentice’s indenture stipulating, in the language -of the officials who are still wig-wearers, that his master should find -him in “one good and sufficient wig, yearly, and every year, for, and -during, and unto, the expiration of the full end and term of his -apprenticeship.” A verse of the time tells us:—</p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Full many a year in Middle Row has this old barber been,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Which those who often that way go have full as often seen;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Bucks, jemmies, coxcombs, bloods and beaux, the lawyer, the divine,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Each to this reverend tonsor goes to purchase wigs so fine.<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<p>“Buy my rumps and burrs!” is a cry requiring a word of explanation. -Before the skins of the newly flayed oxen were consigned to the tanner, -the inside of the ear, called the burr, and the fleshy part of the tail -were removed, and when seasoned and baked are said to have formed a -cheap and appetising dish.</p> - -<p>Ned Ward, the author of that curious work, “The London Spy” (1703), -alludes to the melancholy ditty of “Hot baked Wardens [pears], and -Pippins;” and, in describing the amusements of Bartholomew Fair,<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_39" id="page_39">{39}</a></span> states -that in leaving a booth he was assailed with “Will you buy a Mouse Trap -or a Rat Trap? Will you buy a Cloath Brush, or Hat Brush, or a Comb -Brush?” The writer possesses a very curious old scenic aquatint print in -the form of a fan mount, representing Bartholomew Fair in 1721. The -following descriptive matter is printed in the semicircular space under -the fan:—</p> - -<div class="blockquot"><p class="c">“BARTHOLOMEW FAIR, 1721.</p> - -<p>This fair was granted by Henry the 1st, to one Rahere, a witty and -pleasant gentleman of his Court, in aid and for the support of an -Hospital, Priory, and Church, dedicated to St. Bartholomew, which -he built in repentance of his former profligacy and folly. The -succeeding Priors claimed, by certain Charters, to have a Fair -every year, during three days: viz., on the Eve, the Day, and on -the Morrow of St. Bartholomew. At this period the Clothiers of -England, and drapers of London, kept their Booths and Standings -there, and a Court of Piepouder was held daily for the settlement -of all Debts and Contracts. About the year 1721, when the present -interesting View of this popular Fair was taken, the Drama was -considered of some importance, and a series of minor although -regular Pieces were acted in its various Booths. At Lee and -Harpe<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_40" id="page_40">{40}</a></span>r’s the Siege of Berthulia is performing, in which is -introduced the Tragedy of Holifernis. Persons of Rank were also its -occasional visitors, and the figure on the right is supposed to be -that of Sir Robert Walpole, then Prime Minister. Fawkes, the famous -conjuror, forms a conspicuous feature, and is the only portrait of -him known to exist. The remaining amusements are not unlike those -of our day, except in the articles of Hollands and Gin, with which -the lower orders were then accustomed to indulge, unfettered by -licence or excise.”</p></div> - -<p>Amongst the numerous figures represented on the fan mount, but not -mentioned by its publisher, Mr. Setchel, is that of the crier of apples, -whose basket is piled high with tempting fruit. Another woman has charge -of a barrow laden with pears as big as pumpkins; and a couple of -oyster-women, whose wares are on the same gigantic scale, are evidently -engaged in a hot wrangle. Although foreign to our subject, it may be -mentioned that the statement as to the portrait of Fawkes the conjuror -being the only one known, is incorrect.</p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Let not the ballad singer’s shrilling strain<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Amid the swarm thy listening ear detain:<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Guard well thy pocket, for these syrens stand<br /></span> -<span class="i0">To aid the labours of the diving hand;<br /></span> -<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_41" id="page_41">{41}</a></span></div></div> -</div> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 271px;"> -<img src="images/illus_041.jpg" width="271" height="548" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">“<i>Ye maidens and men, come for what you lack,</i><br /></span> -<span class="i1"><i>And buy the fair Ballads I have in my pack.</i>”<br /></span> -<span class="i10">—Pedlar’s Lamentation.<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_42" id="page_42">{42}</a></span></p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Confederate in the cheat, they draw the throng,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And Cambric handkerchiefs reward the song.<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<p class="nind">A state of things very graphically delineated in another print of -“Barthelemew Fair” (1739), where a ballad singer is roaring out a -<i>caveat against cut purses</i> whilst a pick-pocket is operating on one of -his audience.</p> - -<p>The old cry of “Marking Irons” has died out. The letters were cast in -iron, and sets of initials were made up and securely fixed in -long-handled iron boxes. The marking irons were heated and impressed as -a proof of ownership.</p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Hence ladders, bellows, tubs, and pails,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Brooms, benches, and what not,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Just as the owner’s taste prevails,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Have his initials got.<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<p>“My name and your name, your father’s name and mother’s name.”</p> - -<p>Hone says: “I well remember to have heard this cry when a boy. The -type-seller composed my own name for me, which I was thereby enabled to -imprint on paper with common writing-ink. I think it has become wholly -extinct within the last ten years.”</p> - -<p>Amongst later prints of the London Cries, none are at present so highly -prized as the folio set engraved in<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_43" id="page_43">{43}</a></span> the early part of this century by -Schiavonetti and others after Wheatley. Treated in the sentimentally -pretty style of the period, they make, when framed, wall decorations -which accord well with the prevailing old-fashioned furniture. If in -good condition, the set of twelve will now readily fetch £20 at -Christie’s; and if coloured, £30 would not be considered too high a -price, though five-and-twenty years ago they might easily have been -picked up for as many shillings. Their titles are as follows:—</p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Knives, scissors, and razors to grind!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Old chairs to mend!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Milk below, maids!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Strawberrys, scarlet strawberrys!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Two bundles a penny, primroses, two bundles a penny!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Do you want any matches?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Round and sound, fivepence a pound, Duke cherries!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Sweet China oranges!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Hot spiced gingerbread, smoking hot!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Fresh gathered peas, young Hastings!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">A new love song, only a halfpenny apiece!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Turnips and carrots, oh!<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<p class="nind">In connection with the last cry, here is Dr. Johnson’s humorous -reference thereto:<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_44" id="page_44">{44}</a></span>—</p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">If the man who turnips cries,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Cry not when his father dies,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">’Tis a proof that he had rather<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Have a turnip than a father!<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<p>The modern bootblack with his “Clean yer boots, shine ’em, sir?” is the -successor of the obsolete shoeblack, whose stock-in-trade consisted of -liquid blacking, an old wig for removing dust or wet, a knife for use on -very muddy days, and brushes. Towards the end of the last century, -Finsbury Square—then an open field—was a favourite place for -shoeblacks, who intercepted the city merchants and their clerks in their -daily walks to and from their residences in the villages of Islington -and Hoxton. At that time tight breeches and shoes were worn; and the -shoeblack was careful not to smear the buckles or soil the fine white -stockings of his patrons. In a print of this period the cry is “Japan -your shoes, your honour?” Cake blacking, introduced by that famous, but, -as regards the last mentioned, somewhat antagonistic trio, Day, Martin, -and Warren, “the most poetical of blacking makers and most transparent -of poets,” which was quickly taken into general use, snuffed out the -shoeblack; and from about 1820 until the time of the first Exhibition in -1851, when the shoeblack brigade in connection<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_45" id="page_45">{45}</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 232px;"> -<img src="images/illus_045.jpg" width="232" height="392" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>‘<i>Fresh and sweet!</i>’</p></div> -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_46" id="page_46">{46}</a></span></p> - -<p class="nind">with ragged schools was started, London may be said to have blacked its -own boots.</p> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 195px;"> -<img src="images/illus_046.jpg" width="195" height="286" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Fresh Cabbidge!</i>”</p></div> -</div> - -<p>Bill Sykes the costermonger, or “costard”-monger, as he was originally -called from his trade of selling apples, now flourishes under -difficulties. What with the envious complaints of the small shopkeepers -whom he undersells, and the supercilious rebuffs of the policeman who -keeps him dodging about and always “on the move,” Bill has a hard time -of it indeed. Yet he is distinctly a benefactor to the poorer portion of -humanity. He changes his cry with the stock on his barrow. He will -invest one day in pine-apples, when there is a glut of them—perhaps a -little over-ripe—in Pudding Lane; and in stentorian voice will then -make known his willingness to ex<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_47" id="page_47">{47}</a></span>change slices for a halfpenny each, or -a whole one for sixpence. On other days it may be apples, or oranges, -fish, vegetables, photographs, or even tortoises; the latter being -popularly supposed to earn a free, if uncomfortable, passage to this -country in homeward-bound ships as wedges to keep the cargo from -shifting in the hold. It is not often that goods intended for the -thriving shopkeeper find their way to the barrow of the costermonger. -Some time ago amber-tipped cherry or briar-wood pipes were freely -offered and as freely bought in the streets at a penny each. Suddenly -the supply stopped; for the unfortunate wholesale dealer in Houndsditch, -who might have known better, had mistaken “dozen” for “gross” in his -advice; and at 6<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> per gross the pipes could readily be retailed -for a penny each; whereas at the cost price of 6<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> a dozen, one -shilling ought to have been asked. It seems that not only did the -importer imagine that the amber mouthpieces were imitation, but Bill -Sykes also thought he was “doing” the public when he announced them as -real.</p> - -<p>In the present race of street criers there are tricksters in a small -way; as, for instance, the well known character who picks up a living by -selling a bulky-looking volume of songs. His long-drawn and never varied -cry of “Three un-derd an’ fif-ty songs for a<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_48" id="page_48">{48}</a></span> penny!” is really “Three -under fifty songs for a penny.” The book is purposely folded very -loosely so as to bulk well; but a little squeezing reduces it to the -thickness of an ordinary tract. Street criers are honest enough, -however, in the main. If vegetables are sometimes a little stale, or -fruit is suspiciously over-ripe, they do not perhaps feel absolutely -called upon to mention these facts; but they give bouncing penn’orths, -and their clients are generally shrewd enough to take good care of -themselves. Petty thieves of the area-sneak type use well-known cries as -a blind while pursuing their real calling,—match-selling often serving -as an opportunity for pilfering. Blacker sheep than these there are; but -fortunately one does not often come across them. Walking one foggy -afternoon towards dusk along the Bayswater Road, I was accosted by a -shivering and coatless vagabond who offered a tract. Wishing to shake -off so unsavoury a companion, I attempted to cross the road, but a few -yards from the kerb he barred farther progress “Sixpence, Sir, only -sixpence; I <i>must</i> have sixpence!” and as he spoke he bared a huge arm -knotted like a blacksmith’s. Raising a fist to match, he more than once -shot it out unpleasantly near, exhibiting every time he did so an -eruption of biceps perfectly appalling in its magnitude. That tract is -at home somewhere.<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_49" id="page_49">{49}</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 362px;"> -<img src="images/illus_049.jpg" width="362" height="538" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">“<i>Antique Ballads, sung to crowds of old,</i><br /></span> -<span class="i1"><i>Now cheaply bought at thrice their weight in gold.</i>”<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> -</div> -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_50" id="page_50">{50}</a></span></p> - -<p>There are persons in London who get their living by manufacturing -amusing or useful penny articles, with which they supply the wholesale -houses in Houndsditch, who in turn find their customers in the hawkers -and street criers. The principal supply, however, is imported from the -Continent at prices against which English labour cannot compete. Soon -forgotten, each novelty has its day, and is cried in a different manner. -Until the law stepped in and put a stop to the sale, the greatest -favourite on public holidays was the flexible metal tube containing -scented water, which was squirted into the faces of passers-by with -strict impartiality and sometimes with blinding effect.</p> - -<p>“All the fun of the fair,”—a wooden toy which, when drawn smartly down -the back or across the shoulders, emits a sound as if the garment were -being rent—ranks perhaps second in the estimation of ’Arry and Emma -Ann—she generally gets called Emma Ran—when out for a holiday. “The -Fun of the Fair” is always about on public holidays, illuminations, Lord -Mayor’s day, and in fact whenever people are drawn out of doors in, such -multitudes that the pathways are insufficient to hold the slowly moving -and densely packed human stream, which perforce slops over and amicably -disputes possession of the<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_51" id="page_51">{51}</a></span> road with the confused and struggling mass -of vehicles composed of everything that goes on wheels. A real Malacca -cane, the smallest Bible in the world, a Punch and Judy squeaker, a bird -warbler, a gold watch and chain, and Scotch bagpipes, are, with numerous -others, at present popular and tempting penn’orths; while the cry of “A -penny for shillin’ ’lusterated magazine”—the epitaph on countless -unsuccessful literary ventures—seems to many an irresistible -attraction.</p> - -<p>In connection with ’Arry, the chief producer of street noises, it may be -questioned whether London is now much better off than it was before the -passing of the Elizabethan Statutes of the Streets, by which citizens -were forbidden, under pain of imprisonment, to blow a horn in the night, -or to whistle after the hour of nine o’clock p.m. Sudden outcries in the -still of the night, and the making of any affray, or the beating of -one’s wife—the noise rather than the brutality appears to have been -objected to—were also specially forbidden. If this old Act is still on -the Statute-book, it is none the less a dead letter. Our streets are now -paraded by companies of boys or half-grown men who delight in punishing -us by means of that blatant and horribly noisy instrument of dissonant, -unchangeable chords, the German concertina.<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_52" id="page_52">{52}</a></span> In many neighbourhoods -sleep is rendered, until the early hours, impossible by men and women -who find their principal and unmolested amusement in the shouting of -music-hall songs, with an intermittent accompaniment of shriekings. -Professional street music of all kinds requires more stringent -regulation; and that produced by perambulating amateurs might with -advantage be well-nigh prohibited altogether. The ringing of Church -bells in the grey of the morning, and the early habits of the -chanticleer, are often among the disadvantages of a closely populated -neighbourhood. Nor are these street noises the only nuisance of the -kind. London walls and partitions are nearly all thin, and a person -whose neighbour’s child is in the habit of practising scale exercises or -“pieces,” should clearly have the right to require the removal of the -piano a foot or so from the wall, which would make all the difference -between dull annoyance and distracting torment.</p> - -<p>But we are wandering, and wandering into a dismal bye-way. Returning to -our subject, it is impossible to be melancholy in the presence of the -facetious salesman of the streets, with his unfailing native wit. Hone -tells us of a mildly humorous character, one “Doctor Randal,” an -orange-seller, who varied the description of his fruit as circumstances -and occasions<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_53" id="page_53">{53}</a></span></p> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 189px;"> -<img src="images/illus_053.jpg" width="189" height="291" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Stinking Fish!</i>”</p></div> -</div> - -<p class="nind">demanded; as “Oratorio oranges,” and so on. A jovial rogue whose beat -extends to numerous courts and alleys on either side of Fleet Street, -regularly and unblushingly cries, “Stinking Shrimps,” and by way of -addenda, “Lor, <i>’ow</i> they do stink to-day, to be sure!” His little joke -is almost as much relished as his shrimps and bloaters, and they appear -to be always of the freshest. Were it not that insufficient clothing and -an empty stomach are hardly conducive thereto, the winter cry so -generally heard after a fall of snow, “Sweep yer door away, mum?” might -fairly be credited to an attempt at facetiousness under difficulties, -while the grave earnestness of the mirth-provoking cry of the Cockney -boot-lace man, “Lice, lice, penny a pair boot-lice!” is strong evidence -that he has no<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_54" id="page_54">{54}</a></span> thought beyond turning the largest possible number of -honest pennies in the shortest possible space of time.</p> - -<p>A search in our collection of books and ballads for London Cries, -humorous in themselves, discovers but two,—</p> - -<p>“Jaw-work, up and under jaw-work, a whole pot for a halfpenny, -hazel-nuts!”</p> - -<p class="nind">and—</p> - -<p>“New laid eggs, eight a groat—crack ’em and try ’em!”</p> - -<p>A somewhat ghastly form of facetiousness was a favourite one with a -curious City character, now defunct. He was a Jew who sold a nameless -toy—a dried pea loose in a pill box, which was fastened to a -horse-hair, and on being violently twirled, emitted a vibratory hum that -could be heard for some distance. Unless his unvarying cry, “On’y a -’a’penny,” brought buyers to the fore, he gave vent to frequent -explosions of strange and impious language, which never failed to -provoke the merriment of the passer-by.</p> - -<p>Among the many living City characters is the man—from his burr -evidently a Northumbrian—who sells boot laces. His cry is, “Boot -laces—<small>AND</small> the boot laces.” This man also has a temper. If sales are<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_55" id="page_55">{55}</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 282px;"> -<img src="images/illus_055.jpg" width="282" height="534" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>New laid eggs, eight a groat—crack ’em and try ’em!</i>” -<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_56" id="page_56">{56}</a></span></p></div> -</div> - -<p class="nind">slow, as they not uncommonly are, his cry culminates in a storm of -muttered abuse; after which mental refreshment he calmly proceeds as -before, “The boot laces—<small>AND</small> the boot laces.” Most of us know by sight -the penny Jack-in-the-box seller, whose cry, as Jack pops up, on the -spring of the lid being released, is a peculiar double squeak, emitted -without movement of the lips. The cry is supposed to belong to the -internal economy of the toy, and to be a part of the penn’orth; but, -alas! Jack, once out of the hands of his music-master, is voiceless. The -numerous street sellers of pipe and cigar lights must have a hard time -of it. Following the lucifer match, with its attendant choking -sulphurous fumes, came the evil-smelling, thick, red-tipped, brown paper -slip charged with saltpetre, so that it should smoulder without flaming. -These slips, in shape something like a row of papered pins, were divided -half through and torn off as required. Like the brimstone match which -preceded, and the Vesuvian which followed, these lights (which were sold -in the shops at a penny a box, but in the streets at two and sometimes -three boxes for the same sum) utterly spoilt the flavour of a cigar; -hence the superiority of the now dominant wax vestas. The matches of a -still earlier period were long slips of dry wood smeared at either end -with brimstone.<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_57" id="page_57">{57}</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 350px;"> -<img src="images/illus_057.jpg" width="350" height="518" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p><i>Rowlandson Delin 1819</i></p> - -<p>“<i>Letters for post?</i>”</p></div> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_58" id="page_58">{58}</a></span></p> -</div> - -<p>They would neither “light only on the box,” nor off it, unless aided by -the uncertain and always troublesome flint, steel, and tinder, or the -direct application of flame. “Clean yer pipe; pipe-cleaner, a penny for -two!” is a cry seldom absent from the streets. The pipe-cleaner is a -thin, flexible, double-twisted wire, about a foot long, with short -bristles interwoven at one end, and now, “when everybody smokes who -doesn’t,” the seller is sure of a more or less constant trade.</p> - -<p>The buyers of the so-called penny ices sold in the London streets during -the summer months are charged only a halfpenny; and the numerous -vendors, usually Italians, need no cry; for the street <i>gamins</i> and -errand boys buzz around their barrows like flies about a sugar barrel. -For obvious reasons, spoons are not lent. The soft and half-frozen -delicacy is consumed by the combined aid of tongue and fingers. -Parti-coloured Neapolitan ices, vended by unmistakable natives of -Whitechapel or the New Cut, whose curious cry of “<span class="lftspc">‘</span>Okey Pokey” -originated no one knows how, have lately appeared in the streets. Hokey -Pokey is of a firmer make and probably stiffer material than the penny -ice of the Italians, which it rivals in public favour; and it is built -up of variously flavoured layers. Sold in halfpenny and also penny -paper-covered<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_59" id="page_59">{59}</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 353px;"> -<img src="images/illus_059.jpg" width="353" height="533" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Knives and Scissors to Grind?</i>”</p></div> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_60" id="page_60">{60}</a></span></p> -</div> - -<p class="nind">squares, kept until wanted in a circular metal refrigerating pot -surrounded by broken ice, Hokey Pokey has the advantage over its rival -eaten from glasses, inasmuch as it can be carried away by the purchaser -and consumed at leisure. Besides being variously flavoured, Hokey Pokey -is dreadfully sweet, dreadfully cold, and hard as a brick. It is -whispered that the not unwholesome Swede turnip, crushed into pulp, has -been known to form its base, in lieu of more expensive supplies from the -cow, whose complex elaboration of cream from turnips is thus -unceremoniously abridged.</p> - -<p>Another summer cry recalls to memory a species of house decoration, -which we may hope is rapidly becoming a thing of the past. “Ornaments -for yer fire stoves,” are usually either cream-tinted willow shavings, -brightened by the interspersion of a few gold threads, or mats thickly -covered with rose-shaped bows and streamers of gaily-coloured tissue -papers. Something more ornate, and not always in better taste, is now -the fashion; the trade therefore has found its way from the streets to -the shops, and the old cry, “Ornaments for yer fire stoves,” is likely -to be seldomer heard.</p> - -<p>Many of the old cries, dying out elsewhere, may still be familiar, -however, in the back streets of second<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_61" id="page_61">{61}</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 216px;"> -<img src="images/illus_061.jpg" width="216" height="386" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>O’ Clo!</i>”</p></div> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_62" id="page_62">{62}</a></span></p> -</div> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 122px;"> -<img src="images/illus_062.jpg" width="122" height="275" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Dust, O!</i>”</p></div> -</div> - -<p class="nind">and third rate neighbourhoods. The noisy bell<a name="FNanchor_9_9" id="FNanchor_9_9"></a><a href="#Footnote_9_9" class="fnanchor">[9]</a> of the privileged -muffin-man can hardly be counted; but “dust, O,”—the dustman’s bell is -almost a thing of the past—“knives and scissors,”—pronounced -sitthers—“to grind,” “chairs to mend,” “cat’s and dawg’s meat,” the -snapped-off short “o’ clo” of the Jewish dealer in left-off garments, -“fine warnuts, penny for ten, all cracked,” “chestnuts all ’ot,” “fine -ripe strawberries,” “rabbit or ’air skins,” “fine biggaroon cherries,” -“fine oranges, a penny for three,” and many others, are still shouted in -due season by leathern-lunged itinerant traders. The “O’ clo” man is -nearly always historically represented, as in the Catnach illustration, -wearing<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_63" id="page_63">{63}</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 334px;"> -<img src="images/illus_063.jpg" width="334" height="541" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Cat’s and Dog’s Meat!</i>”</p> -</div> -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_64" id="page_64">{64}</a></span></p> - -<p class="nind">several hats; but, though he may often be met with more than one in his -possession, he is now seldom seen with more than one on his head. -Calling the price before the quantity, though quite a recent innovation, -or more probably the revival of an old style, is almost universal. The -cry of “Fine warnuts, ten a penny,” is now “A penny for ten, fine -warnuts,” or “A penny for ’arf a score, fine warnuts.”</p> - -<p>The cat’s meat man has never, like some of his colleagues, aspired to -music, but apparently confines himself to the one strident monosyllable. -It has been stated, by the way, that the London cats, of which it seems -there are at present some 350,000, annually consume £100,000 worth of -boiled horse. Daintily presented on a skewer, pussy’s meat is eaten -without salt; but, being impossible of verification, the statistics -presented in the preceding sentence may be taken with a grain.</p> - -<p>“Soot” or “Sweep, ho!” The sweep, accompanied by two or three -thinly-clad, half-starved, and generally badly-treated apprentices, who -ascended the chimneys and acted as human brushes, turned out in old -times long before daylight. It was owing to the exertions of the -philanthropist, Mr. Jonas Hanway, and before the invention of the -jointed chimney sweeping machine, that an Act was passed at the -beginning of<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_65" id="page_65">{65}</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 446px;"> -<img src="images/illus_065.jpg" width="446" height="357" alt=" -BY -ROYAL APPOINTMENT - -J. W. EVANS - -Short’s Gardens—Drury Lane - -Famleys owning - -Fresh Cats & Dogs Tripe -Boiled and -Paunshes Waited on daily and regler. Taters -once a ============== Cart -fortnite NO CREDDIT kept" /> -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_66" id="page_66">{66}</a></span> </p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_67" id="page_67">{67}</a></span> </p> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 203px;"> -<img src="images/illus_067.jpg" width="203" height="298" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Sw-e-e-p!</i>”</p></div> -</div> - -<p class="nind">this century, providing that every chimney-sweeper’s apprentice should -wear a brass plate in front of his cap, with the name and abode of his -master engraved thereon. The boys were accustomed to beg for food and -money in the streets; but by means of the badges, the masters were -traced, and an improvement in the general condition of the apprentices -followed. But the early morning is still disturbed by the long-drawn -cry, “Sw-e-e-p.” This, and the not unmusical “ow-oo,” of the jodeling -milkman—all that is left of “milk below maids,”—the London milk-maids -are usually strongly-built Irish or Welsh girls—and the tardier and -rather too infrequent “dust-o” are amongst the few unsuppressed Cries of -London-town. They are<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_68" id="page_68">{68}</a></span> tolerated and continued because they are -convenient, and from a vague sense of prescriptive right dear to the -heart of an Englishman.</p> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 155px;"> -<img src="images/illus_068.jpg" width="155" height="287" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Ow-oo!</i>”</p></div> -</div> - -<p>Until quite recently, the flower girls at the Royal Exchange—decent and -well-behaved Irishwomen who work hard for an honest living—were -badgered and driven about by the police. They are now allowed to collect -and pursue their calling in peace by the Wellington statue, where their -cry, “Buy a flower, sir,” is heard, whatever the weather, all the year -round. “Speshill ’dishun, ’orrible railway haccident,” the outcome of an -advanced civilization, is a cry that was unknown to our forefathers. Our -forebears had often to pay a shilling for a newspaper, and the newsman -made known his progress through the streets by sound of tin trumpet: as -shown in Rowlandson’s graphic illustration, a copy of the newspaper was -carried in the hat<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_69" id="page_69">{69}</a></span>band.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 340px;"> -<img src="images/illus_069.jpg" width="340" height="542" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"> - -<div class="blockquot"><p><i>Rowlandson Delin. 1819.</i></p></div> - -<p>“<i>Great News!</i>”</p></div> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_70" id="page_70">{70}</a></span></p> -</div> - -<p>“C’gar lights, ’ere y’ar, sir; ’apenny a box,” and “Taters all ’ot,” -also belong to the modern school of London Cries; while the piano-organ -is a fresh infliction in connection with the new order of street noises. -And although a sort of portable penthouse was used in remote times for -screening from heat and rain, the ribbed and collapsible descendant -thereof did not come into general use much before the opening of the -present century; hence the cry, “Any umbrellas-termend,” may properly be -classed as a modern one.</p> - -<p>In the crowded streets of modern London the loudest and most persistent -cry is that of the omnibus conductor—“Benk,” “Chairin’ Krauss,” -“Pic’dilly”; or it may be, “Full inside,” or “<span class="lftspc">’</span>Igher up”; to which the -cabman’s low-pitched and persuasive “Keb, sir?”—he is afraid to ply too -openly for hire—plays an indifferent second. Judging from Rowlandson’s -illustration, his predecessor the hackney coachman shared cabby’s -sometimes too pointedly worded objection to a strictly legal fare.</p> - -<p>The “under-street” Cries heard in our own time at the various stations -on the railway enveloping London, in what by courtesy is termed a -circle—the true shape would puzzle a mathematician to define—form an -interesting study. While a good many of the porters<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_71" id="page_71">{71}</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 341px;"> -<img src="images/illus_071.jpg" width="341" height="545" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"> - -<div class="blockquot"><p><i>Rowlandson Delin. 1819.</i></p></div> - -<p>“<i>Wot d’yer call that?</i>”</p></div> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_72" id="page_72">{72}</a></span></p> -</div> - -<p class="nind">are recruited from the country, it is a curious fact that in calling the -names of the various “sty-shuns” they mostly settle down—perhaps from -force of association “downt-tcher-now”—into one dead level of Cockney -pronunciation.</p> - -<p>As one seldom realizes that there is anything wrong with one’s own way -of speaking, pure-bred Cockneys may be expected to quarrel with the -phonetic rendering given; however, as Dr. James Cantlie, in his -interesting and recently published “Degeneration amongst Londoners,”<a name="FNanchor_10_10" id="FNanchor_10_10"></a><a href="#Footnote_10_10" class="fnanchor">[10]</a> -tells us that a pure-bred Cockney is a <i>rara avis</i> indeed, the -quarrelsomely inclined may not be numerous, and they may be reminded -that the writer is not alone in his ideas as to Cockney pronunciation. -Appended to Du Maurier’s wonderfully powerful picture of “The Steam -Launch in Venice” (Punch’s Almanac, 1882), is the following wording:—</p> - -<div class="blockquot"><p><i>’Andsome ’Arriet</i>: “Ow my! if it ’yn’t that bloom-in’ old Temple -Bar, as they did aw’y with out o’ Fleet Street!”</p> - -<p><i>Mr. Belleville</i> (<i>referring to Guide-book</i>): “No, it ’yn’t! It’s -the fymous Bridge o’ <span class="smcap">Sighs</span>, as <span class="smcap">Byron</span></p></div><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_73" id="page_73">{73}</a></span></p> - -<div class="blockquot"><p class="nind">went and stood on; ’im as wrote <span class="smcap">Our Boys</span>, yer know!”</p> - -<p><i>’Andsome ’Arriet</i>: “Well, I <small>NEVER</small>! It ’yn’t much of a <span class="smcap">Size</span>, -any’ow!”</p> - -<p><i>Mr. Belleville</i>: “<span class="lftspc">’</span>Ear! ’ear! Fustryte!”</p></div> - -<p>This paragraph is from the London <i>Globe</i> of January 26th, 1885: -“Spelling reformers take notice. The English alphabet—diphthongs and -all—does not contain any letters which, singly or in combination, can -convey with accuracy the pronunciation given by the newsboys to the cry, -‘A-blowin’ up of the ’Ouses of Parliament!’ that rent the air on -Saturday. The word ‘blowin’<span class="lftspc">’</span> is pronounced as if the chief vowel sound -were something like ‘ough’ in ‘bough’; and even then an ‘e’ and a ‘y’ -ought to be got in somewhere.”</p> - -<p>There are twenty-seven stations on the London Inner Circle -Railway—owned by two companies, the Metropolitan and District—and the -name of one only—Gower Street—is usually pronounced by “thet tchung -men,” the railway porter, as other people pronounce it. [“Emma -Smith,”<a name="FNanchor_11_11" id="FNanchor_11_11"></a><a href="#Footnote_11_11" class="fnanchor">[11]</a> while not a main line station, may be cited here simply as a -good example<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_74" id="page_74">{74}</a></span> of Cockney, for ’Arry and ’Arriet are quite incapable of -any other verbal rendering.] They are cried as follows:—</p> - -<table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" summary=""> -<tr valign="top"><td> -“South Kenzint’nn.”<br /> -“Glawster Rowd.”<br /> -(owd as in “loud.”)<br /> -“I Street, Kenzint’nn.”<br /> -“Nottin’ Ill Gite.”<br /> -(ite as in “flight.”)<br /> -“Queen’s Rowd, Bizewater.”<br /> -(ize as in “size.”)<br /> -“Pride Street, Peddinten.<br />” -“Edge-wer Rowd.”<br /> -(by common consent the Cockney<br /> -refrains from saying<br /> -“Hedge-wer.”)<br /> -“Biker Street.”<br /> -“Portland Rowd.”<br /> -“Gower Street.”<br /> -“King’s Krauss.”<br /> -(Often abbreviated to “’ng’s Krauss.”)<br /> -“Ferrinden Street.” -</td> -<td style="border-left:1px solid black;padding-left:1em;"> -“Oldersgit Street.”<br /> -(no preliminary “H.”)<br /> -“Mawgit Street.”<br /> -“Bish-er-git.”<br /> -“Ol’git.”<br /> -“Mark Line.”<br /> -“Monneym’nt.”<br /> -“Kennun Street.”<br /> -“Menshun Ouse.”<br /> -“Bleckfriars.”<br /> -“Tempull.”<br /> -(“pull-pull-Tempull.”)<br /> -“Chairin’ Krauss.”<br /> -“Wes’minster.”<br /> -(One sometimes hears<br /> -“Wes’minister”: a provincialism.)<br /> -“S’n Jimes-iz Pawk.”<br /> -(ime as in “time.”)<br /> -“Victaw-ia.”<br /> -“Slown Square.”<br /> -(own as in “town.”) -</td></tr> -</table> - -<p>Country cousins may be reminded that the<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_75" id="page_75">{75}</a></span> guiding letters -<span class="sans">I</span> or <span class="sans">O</span> so -boldly marked on the tickets issued on the London underground railway, -and, in the brightest vermilion, as conspicuously painted up in the -various stations, do not mean “Inner” or “Outer” Circle, but the inner -and outer lines of rails of the Inner Circle Railway. Though sanctioned -by Parliament more than twenty years ago, the so-called Outer Circle -Railway is still incomplete, its present form being that of a -horse-shoe, with termini at Broad Street and Mansion House, and some of -its principal stations at Dalston, Willesden, and Addison Road, -Kensington.</p> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 99px;"> -<img src="images/illus_075-b.jpg" width="99" height="137" alt=" -TICKETS MARKED - -I☞ - -THIS WAY" /> -</div> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 95px;"> -<img src="images/illus_075-a.jpg" width="95" height="134" alt=" -TICKETS MARKED - -☜O - -THIS WAY" /> -</div> - -<p>It has before been said that everything that could be carried has, at -some time or other, been sold in the streets; and it follows that an -approximately complete list of London Cries would reach a very large -total. From its mere length and sameness such a list would moreover be -apt to weary the reader; for not all cries have the interest of a -traditional phrase or intonation which gives notice of the nature<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_76" id="page_76">{76}</a></span> of -the wares, even when the words are rendered unintelligible by the -necessity of vociferation. But a few of the most constant and curious -cries may be interesting to note.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 171px;"> -<img src="images/illus_076.jpg" width="171" height="241" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Hot Spice Gingerbread!</i>”</p></div> -</div> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">“<span class="lftspc">’</span>Tis all hot, nice smoaking hot!”<br /></span> -<span class="i3">You’ll hear his daily cry;<br /></span> -<span class="i1">But if you won’t believe, you sot<br /></span> -<span class="i3">You need but taste and try<br /></span> -<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_77" id="page_77">{77}</a></span></div></div> -</div> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 174px;"> -<img src="images/illus_077.jpg" width="174" height="240" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Old Cloaths!</i>”</p></div> -</div> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Coats or preeches do you vant?<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Or puckles for your shoes?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Vatches too me can supply:—<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Me monies von’t refuse.<br /></span> -<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_78" id="page_78">{78}</a></span></div></div> -</div> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 178px;"> -<img src="images/illus_078.jpg" width="178" height="241" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Knives to Grind!</i>”</p></div> -</div> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Young gentlemen attend my cry,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And bring forth all your Knives;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The barbers Razors too I grind;<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Bring out your Scissars, wives.<br /></span> -<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_79" id="page_79">{79}</a></span></div></div> -</div> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 171px;"> -<img src="images/illus_079.jpg" width="171" height="234" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Cabbages O! Turnips!</i>”</p></div> -</div> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">With mutton we nice turnips eat;<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Beef and carrots never cloy;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Cabbage comes up with Summer meat,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">With winter nice savoy.<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_80" id="page_80">{80}</a></span><br /></span> -</div><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Holloway cheese cakes!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Large silver eels, a groat a pound, live eels!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Any New River water, water here?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Buy a rope of onions, oh?<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 235px;"> -<img src="images/illus_080.jpg" width="235" height="253" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Sand ’O!</i>”</p></div> -</div> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Buy a goose?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Any bellows to mend?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Who’s for a mutton pie or an eel pie?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Who buys my roasting jacks?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Sand, ho! buy my nice white sand, ho!<br /></span> -<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_81" id="page_81">{81}</a></span></div></div> -</div> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 367px;"> -<img src="images/illus_081.jpg" width="367" height="446" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Buy a Live Goose?</i>”</p></div> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_82" id="page_82">{82}</a></span></p> -</div> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -Buy my firestone?<br /> -Roasted pippins, piping hot! -</div></div></div> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 219px;"> -<img src="images/illus_082.jpg" width="219" height="316" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Cherries, O! ripe cherries, O!</i>”</p></div> -</div> - -<p>A whole market hand for a halfpenny—young radishes, ho!</p> - -<p>Sw-e-ep!<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_83" id="page_83">{83}</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 332px;"> -<img src="images/illus_083.jpg" width="332" height="503" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p><span class="smcap">Covent Garden.</span></p> - -<p>“<i>Fine Strawberries!</i>”</p></div> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_84" id="page_84">{84}</a></span></p> -</div> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Brick dust, to-day?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Door mats, want?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Hot rolls!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Rhubarb!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Buy any clove-water?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Buy a horn-book?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Quick (<i>living</i>) periwinkles!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Sheep’s trotters, hot!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Songs, three yards a penny!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Southernwood that’s very good!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Cherries O! ripe cherries O!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Cat’s and dog’s meat!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Samphire!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">All a-growin’, all a-blowin’.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Lilly white mussels, penny a quart!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">New Yorkshire muffins!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Oysters, twelvepence a peck!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Rue, sage, and mint, farthing a bunch!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Tuppence a hundred, cockles!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Sweet violets, a penny a bunch!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Brave Windsor beans!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Buy my mops, my good wool mops!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Buy a linnet or a goldfinch?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Knives, combs, and inkhornes!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Six bunches a penny, sweet lavender!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">New-laid eggs, eight a groat!<br /></span> -<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_85" id="page_85">{85}</a></span></div></div> -</div> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 222px;"> -<img src="images/illus_085.jpg" width="222" height="395" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Sweet Lavender!</i> - -”</p></div> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_86" id="page_86">{86}</a></span></p> -</div> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -Any wood?<br /> -Hot peas!<br /> -Hot cross buns!<br /> -Buy a broom?<br /> -Old chairs to mend!<br /> -Young lambs to sell!<br /> -Tiddy diddy doll!<br /> -Hearth-stone!<br /> -Buy my nice drops, twenty a penny, peppermint drops!<br /> -Any earthen ware, plates, dishes, or jugs, to-day,—any clothes to exchange, Madam?<br /> -Holly O, Mistletoe!<br /> -Buy my windmills for a ha’penny a piece! [a child’s toy.]<br /> -Nice Yorkshire cakes!<br /> -Buy my matches, maids, my nice small pointed matches!<br /> -Come, buy my fine myrtles and roses!<br /> -Buy a mop or a broom?<br /> -Hot rolls!<br /> -Will you buy a Beau-pot? -</div></div> -</div> - -<p>Probably of Norman-French origin, the term “beau-pot” is still in use in -out-of-the-way country districts, to signify a posy or nosegay, in which -sweet-smelling herbs and flowers, as rosemary, sweet-briar, balm,<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_87" id="page_87">{87}</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 380px;"> -<img src="images/illus_087.jpg" width="380" height="449" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Chairs to mend!</i>”</p></div> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_88" id="page_88">{88}</a></span></p> -</div> - -<p class="nind">roses, carnations, violets, wall-flowers, mignonette, sweet-William, and -others that we are now pleased to designate “old fashioned,” would -naturally predominate.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 222px;"> -<img src="images/illus_088.jpg" width="222" height="319" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>All a blowin’!</i>”</p></div> -</div> - -<p>Come buy my sweet-briar!<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_89" id="page_89">{89}</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 350px;"> -<img src="images/illus_089.jpg" width="350" height="549" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"> - -<div class="blockquot"><p><i>Rowlandson Delin. 1819.</i></p></div> - -<p>“<i>Any Earthen Ware; buy a jug or a tea pot?</i>”</p></div> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_90" id="page_90">{90}</a></span></p> -</div> - -<p>Any old flint glass or broken bottles for a poor woman to-day?</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 217px;"> -<img src="images/illus_090.jpg" width="217" height="320" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Fresh Oysters! penny a lot!</i>”</p></div> -</div> - -<div class="poetry"><div class="poem"> -Sweet primroses, four bunches a penny, primroses!<br /> -Black and white heart cherries, twopence a pound, full weight, all round -and sound!</div></div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_91" id="page_91">{91}</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 345px;"> -<img src="images/illus_091.jpg" width="345" height="533" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"> - -<div class="blockquot"><p><i>Rowlandson Delin. 1819.</i></p></div> - -<p>“<i>Buy my Sweet Roses?</i>”</p></div> -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_92" id="page_92">{92}</a></span></p> - -<div class="poetry"><div class="poem"> -Fine ripe duke cherries, a ha’penny a stick and a penny a stick, ripe -duke cherries!<br /> -Shrimps like prawns, a ha’penny a pot!<br /> -Green hastings!</div></div> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 241px;"> -<img src="images/illus_092.jpg" width="241" height="254" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Fine large Cucumbers!</i>”</p></div> -</div> - -<div class="poetry"><div class="poem"> -Hot pudding!<br /> -Pots and kettles to mend!<br /> -’Ere’s yer toys for girls an’ boys! -</div></div> - -<p>Brick-dust was carried on the backs of asses and sold for knife-cleaning -purposes at a penny a quart.<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_93" id="page_93">{93}</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 273px;"> -<img src="images/illus_093.jpg" width="273" height="501" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>’Ere’s yer toys for girls an’ boys!</i>”</p></div> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_94" id="page_94">{94}</a></span></p> -</div> - -<p>The bellows-mender, who sometimes also followed the trade of a tinker, -carried his tools and apparatus buckled in a leathern bag at his back, -and practised his profession in any convenient corner of the street.</p> - -<p>Door-mats of all shapes were made of rushes or rope, and were sold at -from sixpence to several shillings each.</p> - -<p>The earliest green pea brought to the London market—a dwarf -variety—was distinguished by the name of Hasteds, Hastens, Hastins, or -Hastings, and was succeeded by the Hotspur. The name of Hastings was, -however, indiscriminately given to all peas sold in the streets, and the -cry of “green Hastings” was heard in every street and alley until peas -went out of season.</p> - -<p>The crier of hair brooms, who usually travelled with a cart, carried a -supply of brushes, sieves, clothes-horses, lines, and general turnery.</p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">All cleanly folk must like my ware,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">For wood is sweet and clean;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Time was when platters served Lord Mayor<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And, as I’ve heard, a Queen.<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<p>His cry took the form of the traditional tune “Buy a broom,” which may -even now be occasionally heard—perhaps the last survival of a street -trade tune—taken<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_95" id="page_95">{95}</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 329px;"> -<img src="images/illus_095.jpg" width="329" height="453" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"> - -<div class="blockquot"><p><i>Rowlandson Delin. 1819.</i></p></div> - -<p>“<i>Curds and Whey!</i>”</p></div> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_96" id="page_96">{96}</a></span></p> -</div> - -<p class="nind">up separately or in fitful chorus by the men and women of a travelling -store. The Flemish “Buy a Broom” criers, whose trade is gone, generally -went in couples or threes. Their figures are described by Hone as -exactly miniatured in the unpainted wooden doll, shaped the same before -and behind, and sold in the toy shops for the amusement of the little -ones. In the comedy of “The Three Ladies of London,” printed in quarto -in Queen Elizabeth’s reign (<small>A.D.</small> 1584), is this passage:—</p> - -<p>“Enter Conscience with brooms at her back, singing as follows:—</p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">New brooms, green brooms, will you buy any?<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Maydens come quickly, let me take a penny.”<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<p>Hot rolls, which were sold at one and two a penny, were carried during -the summer months between the hours of 8 and 9 in the morning, and from -4 to 6 in the afternoon.</p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Let Fame puff her trumpet, for muffin and crumpet,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">They cannot compare with my dainty hot rolls;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">When mornings are chilly, sweet Fanny, young Billy,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Your hearts they will comfort, my gay little souls.<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<p>Muffins and crumpets were then, as now, principally cried during the -winter months.<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_97" id="page_97">{97}</a></span></p> - -<p>Hot pudding, sweet, heavy and indigestible, was sold in halfpenny slabs.</p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Who wants some pudding nice and hot!<br /></span> -<span class="i2">’Tis now the time to try it;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Just taken from the smoking pot,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And taste before you buy it.<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<p>The cry “One-a-penny, two-a-penny, <i>hot</i> <small>CROSS</small> BUNS!” which,—now never -heard from the sellers on Good Friday,—is still part of a child’s game, -remains as one of the best instances of English quantitative metre, -being repeated in measured time, and not merely by the ordinary accent. -The rhubarb-selling Turk, who appeared in turban, trousers, and—what -was then almost unknown amongst civilians—moustaches, was, fifty years -ago or more, a well known character in the metropolis.</p> - -<p>Sand was generally used in London, not only for cleaning kitchen -utensils, but for sprinkling over uncarpeted floors as a protection -against dirty footsteps. It was sold by measure—red sand, twopence -halfpenny, and white a penny farthing per peck. The very melodious -catch, “White Sand and Grey Sand, Who’ll buy my White Sand!” was -evidently harmonized on the sand-seller’s traditional tune.</p> - -<p>“Buy a bill of the play!” In the time of our great<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_98" id="page_98">{98}</a></span> grandfathers, there -were no scented programmes, and the peculiar odour of the play-bills was -not due to the skill of a Rimmel. Vilely printed with the stickiest of -ink, on the commonest of paper, they were disposed of both in and -outside the theatre by orange-women, who would give one to a purchaser -of half a dozen oranges or so. In Hogarth’s inimitably amusing and -characteristic print of <i>The Laughing Audience</i>, a couple of robustly -built orange-women are contending, with well-filled baskets, for the -favour of a bewigged beau of the period, who appears likely to become an -easy victim to their persuasions.</p> - -<p>“Knives to grind” is still occasionally heard, and the grinder’s barrow -(<i>vide</i> that depicted in Rowlandson’s illustration on p. 59), is much -the same as it was a hundred years ago. At the beginning of the century -the charge for grinding and setting scissors was a penny or twopence a -pair; penknives a penny a blade, and table-knives one and sixpence and -two shillings a dozen.</p> - -<p>Rabbits were carried about the streets suspended at either end of a pole -which rested on the shoulder.</p> - -<p>The edible marine herb samphire, immortalized in connection with -“Shakespeare’s Cliff” at Dover, was at one time regularly culled and as -regularly eaten.</p> - -<p>The once familiar cry of “Green rushes O!” is<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_99" id="page_99">{99}</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 227px;"> -<img src="images/illus_099.jpg" width="227" height="392" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Cherries, fourpence a pound!</i>”</p></div> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_100" id="page_100">{100}</a></span></p> -</div> - -<p class="nind">preserved only in verse. In Queen Elizabeth’s time the floors of -churches as well as private houses were carpeted with rushes, and in -Shakespeare’s day the stage was strewn with them. Rush-bearing, a -festival having its origin in connection with the annual renewal of -rushes in churches, was kept up until quite recently, and may even still -be practised in out-of-the-way villages.</p> - -<p>The stock of the “<span class="lftspc">’</span>arthstone” woman, who is not above doing a stroke of -business in bones, bottles, and kitchen stuff, is usually on a barrow, -drawn by a meek-eyed and habitually slow-paced donkey.</p> - -<p>The London Barrow Woman (“Ripe Cherries”), as preserved in the cut from -the inimitable pencil of George Cruikshank, has long since disappeared. -In 1830, when this sketch was made, the artist had to rely on his -memory, for she then no longer plied her trade in the streets. Her wares -changed with the seasons; but here a small schoolboy is being tempted by -ripe cherries tied on a stick. There being no importation of foreign -fruit, the cherries were of prime quality. May dukes, White heart, Black -heart, and the Kentish cherry, succeeded each other—and, when sold by -weight, and not tied on sticks, fetched sixpence, fourpence, or -threepence per lb., which was at least twopence or threepence less than -charged at the shops.<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_101" id="page_101">{101}</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 472px;"> -<img src="images/illus_101.jpg" width="472" height="358" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Ripe Cherries!</i>”</p></div> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_102" id="page_102">{102}</a></span></p> -</div> - -<p>The poor Barrow Woman appears to have been treated very much in the same -manner as the modern costermonger; but was without his bulldog power of -resistance. If she stopped to rest or solicit custom, street keepers, -“authorized by orders unauthorized by law,” drove her off, or beadles -overthrew her fruit into the road. Nevertheless, if Cruikshank has not -idealized his memories, she was more wholesomely and stoutly clad than -any street seller of her sex—with the one exception of the -milkmaid—who is to be seen in our day, when the poor London woman has -lost the instinct of neatness and finish in attire.</p> - -<p>“Hot spiced gingerbread,” still to be found in a cold state at village -fairs and junketings, used to be sold in winter time in the form of flat -oblong cakes at a halfpenny each, but it has long since disappeared from -our streets.</p> - -<p>“Tiddy Diddy Doll, lol, lol, lol” was a celebrated vendor of -gingerbread, and, according to Hone, was always hailed as the king of -itinerant tradesmen. It must be more than a century since this dandified -character ceased to amuse the populace. He dressed as a person of -rank—ruffled shirt, white silk stockings, and fashionable laced suit of -clothes surmounted by a wig and cocked hat decorated with a feather. He -was sure to be found plying his trade on Lord Mayo<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_103" id="page_103">{103}</a></span>r’s</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 386px;"> -<img src="images/illus_103.jpg" width="386" height="497" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Tiddy Diddy Doll.</i>”</p></div> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_104" id="page_104">{104}</a></span></p> -</div> - -<p class="nind">day, at open air shows, and on all public occasions. He amused the crowd -to his own profit; and some of his humorous nonsense has been preserved.</p> - -<p>“Mary, Mary, where are you <i>now</i>, Mary?”</p> - -<p>“I live two steps underground, with a wiscom riscom, and why not. Walk -in, ladies and gentlemen. My shop is on the second floor backwards, with -a brass knocker at the door. Here’s your nice gingerbread, your spiced -gingerbread, which will melt in your mouth like a red-hot brickbat, and -rumble in your inside like Punch in his wheelbarrow!” He always finished -up by singing the fag end of a song—“Tiddy Diddy Doll, lol, lol, lol;” -hence his nickname of Tiddy Doll. Hogarth has introduced this character -in his Execution scene of the Idle Apprentice at Tyburn. Tiddy Doll had -many feeble imitators; and the woman described in the lines that follow, -taken from a child’s book of the period, must have been one of them.</p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Tiddy Diddy Doll, lol, lol, lol,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Tiddy Diddy Doll, dumplings, oh!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Her tub she carries on her head,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Tho’ of’ener under arm.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">In merry song she cries her trade,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Her customers to charm.<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_105" id="page_105">{105}</a></span><br /></span> -<span class="i0">A halfpenny a plain can buy,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">The plum ones cost a penny,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And all the naughty boys will cry<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Because they can’t get any.<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 242px;"> -<img src="images/illus_105.jpg" width="242" height="254" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Large silver eels!</i>”</p></div> -</div> - -<p>Fifty years ago “Young Lambs to Sell, two for a penny,” which still -lingers, was a well known cry. They were children’s toys, the fleece -made of white cotton-wool, attractively but perhaps a trifle too -un<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_106" id="page_106">{106}</a></span>naturally spangled with Dutch gilt. The head was of composition, the -cheeks were painted red, there were two black spots to do duty for eyes, -and the horns and legs were of tin, which latter adornment, my younger -readers may suggest, foreshadowed the insufficiently appreciated tinned -mutton of a later period. The addition of a bit of pink tape tied round -the neck by way of a collar made a graceful finish, and might be -accepted as a proof that the baby sheep was perfectly tame.</p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Young lambs to sell, young lambs to sell.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Two for a penny, young lambs to sell.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">If I’d as much money as I could tell,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I wouldn’t cry young lambs to sell.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Dolly and Molly, Richard and Nell,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Buy my Young Lambs and I’ll use you well!<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<p>The later song—</p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Old chairs to mend, old chairs to mend.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">If I’d as much money as I could spend,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I’d leave off crying old chairs to mend—<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<p>—is obviously copied from the original cry of “Young Lambs to Sell.” In -addition to a few tools, the stock-in-trade of the travelling -chair-mender principally consisted of rushes, which in later days gave -place to cane split into strips of uniform width—a return to more<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_107" id="page_107">{107}</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 311px;"> -<img src="images/illus_107.jpg" width="311" height="527" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Young lambs to sell.</i>”</p></div> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_108" id="page_108">{108}</a></span></p> -</div> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 221px;"> -<img src="images/illus_108.jpg" width="221" height="324" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Buy my fine Myrtles and Roses!</i>”</p></div> -</div> - -<p class="nind">ancient practice. The use of rush-bottomed chairs, which are again -coming into æsthetic fashion, cannot be traced back quite a century and -half. The chairs in Queen Anne’s time were seated and backed with cane; -and in the days of Elizabeth the seats were<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_109" id="page_109">{109}</a></span> cushioned and the backs -stuffed. Many years ago an old chair-mender occupied a position by a -stone fixed in the wall of one of the houses in Panyer Alley, on which -is cut the following inscription:—</p> - -<p class="c"> -<span class="smcap">When y have sovghᵀ..<br /> -The City Rovnd<br /> -Yet Still this is<br /> -The HighSᵀ.. Grovnd<br /> -Avgvst the 27</span><br /> -1688<br /> -<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_110" id="page_110">{110}</a></span></p> - -<p>Being entirely unprotected and close to the ground, this curious relic -of bygone times, which is surmounted by a boldly carved figure of a nude -boy seated on a panyer pressing a bunch of grapes between his hand and -foot, is naturally much defaced; and that it has not been carried away -piecemeal by iconoclastic curiosity-hunters, is probably due to its -out-of-the-way position. Panyer Alley, the most eastern turning leading -from Paternoster Row to Newgate Street, slightly rises towards the -middle; but is not, according to Mr. Loftie, an undoubted authority on -all matters pertaining to old London, the highest point in the city, -there being higher ground both in Cornhill and Cannon Street. In -describing Panyer Alley, Stow indirectly alludes to a “signe” therein, -and it is Hone’s opinion that this stone may have been the ancient sign -let into the wall of a tavern. While the upper is in fair preservation, -the lower part of the inscription can hardly be read. When last -examined, a street urchin was renovating the figure by a -heartily-laid-on surface decoration of white chalk; and unless one of -the numerous antiquarian or other learned societies interested in old -London relics will spare a few pounds for the purchase of a protective -grating, there will shortly be nothing left worth preserving.</p> - -<p>“New-laid eggs, eight a groat,” takes us back to a<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_111" id="page_111">{111}</a></span> time when the best -joints and fresh country butter were both sixpence a pound.</p> - -<p>Years ago the tin oven of the peripatetic penny pieman was found to be -too small to meet the constant and ever-increasing strain made upon its -resources; and the owner thereof has now risen to the dignity of a shop, -where, in addition to stewed eels, he dispenses what Albert Smith -happily termed “covered uncertainties,” containing messes of mutton, -beef, or seasonable fruit. Contained in a strong wicker basket with -legs, or in a sort of tin oven, the pieman’s wares were formerly kept -hot by means of a small charcoal fire. A sip of a warm stomachic liquid -of unknown but apparently acceptable constituents was sometimes offered -gratuitously by way of inducement to purchase. The cry of “Hot Pies” -still accompanies one of the first and most elementary games of the -modern baby learning to speak, who is taught by his nurse to raise his -hand to imitate a call now never heard.</p> - -<p>The specimens of versification that follow are culled from various books -of London Cries, written for the amusement of children, towards the end -of the last century, and now in the collection of the writer:—</p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Large silver eels—a groat a pound, live eels!<br /></span> -<span class="i4">Not the Severn’s famed stream<br /></span> -<span class="i6">Could produce better fish,<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_112" id="page_112">{112}</a></span><br /></span> -<span class="i4">Sweet and fresh as new cream,<br /></span> -<span class="i6">And what more could you wish?<br /></span> -</div><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Pots and Kettles to mend?<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Your coppers, kettles, pots, and stew pans,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Tho’ old, shall serve instead of new pans.<br /></span> -<span class="i2">I’m very moderate in my charge,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">For mending small as well as large.<br /></span> -</div><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Buy a Mop or a Broom!<br /></span> -</div><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i2">My mop is so big, it might serve as a wig<br /></span> -<span class="i4">For a judge if he had no objection,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And as to my brooms, they’ll sweep dirty rooms,<br /></span> -<span class="i4">And make the dust fly to perfection.<br /></span> -</div><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Nice Yorkshire Cakes!<br /></span> -</div><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i2">Nice Yorkshire cakes, come buy of me,<br /></span> -<span class="i4">I have them crisp and brown;<br /></span> -<span class="i2">They are very good to eat with tea,<br /></span> -<span class="i4">And fit for lord or clown.<br /></span> -</div><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Buy my fine Myrtles and Roses!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Come buy my fine roses, my myrtles and stocks,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My sweet-smelling balsams and close-growing box.<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<p>Buy my nice Drops—twenty a penny, Peppermint drops!<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_113" id="page_113">{113}</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 340px;"> -<img src="images/illus_113.jpg" width="340" height="417" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"> - -<div class="blockquot"><p><i>Rowlandson Delin 1819</i></p></div> - -<p>“<i>Pots and Kettles to Mend!</i>”</p></div> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_114" id="page_114">{114}</a></span></p> -</div> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">If money is plenty you may sure spare a penny,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">It will purchase you twenty—and that’s a great many.<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Six bunches a penny, sweet blooming Lavender!<br /></span> -</div><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i2">Just put one bundle to your nose,<br /></span> -<span class="i4">What rose can this excel?<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Throw it among your finest clothes,<br /></span> -<span class="i4">And grateful they will smell.<br /></span> -</div><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Buy a live Chicken or a young Fowl?<br /></span> -</div><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i2">Buy a young Chicken fat and plump,<br /></span> -<span class="i4">Or take two for a shilling?—<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Is this poor honest tradesman’s cry;<br /></span> -<span class="i4">Come buy if you are willing.<br /></span> -</div><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Rabbit! Rabbit!<br /></span> -</div><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i2">Rabbit! a Rabbit! who will buy?<br /></span> -<span class="i4">Is all you hear from him;<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The rabbit you may roast or fry,<br /></span> -<span class="i4">The fur your cloak will trim.<br /></span> -</div><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My good Sir, will you buy a Bowl?<br /></span> -</div><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i2">My honest friend, will you buy a Bowl,<br /></span> -<span class="i4">A Skimmer or a Platter?<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Come buy of me a Rolling Pin,<br /></span> -<span class="i4">Or Spoon to beat your batter.<br /></span> -<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_115" id="page_115">{115}</a></span></div></div> -</div> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 348px;"> -<img src="images/illus_115.jpg" width="348" height="507" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -<div class="caption"><p>“<i>Six bunches a penny, sweet blooming Lavender!</i>”</p></div> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_116" id="page_116">{116}</a></span></p> -</div> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Come buy my fine Writing Ink!<br /></span> -</div><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i2">Through many a street and many a town<br /></span> -<span class="i4">The Ink-man shapes his way;<br /></span> -<span class="i2">The trusty Ass keeps plodding on,<br /></span> -<span class="i4">His master to obey.<br /></span> -</div><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Dainty Sweet-Briar!<br /></span> -</div><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i2">Sweet-Briar this Girl on one side holds,<br /></span> -<span class="i4">And Flowers in the other basket;<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And for the price, she that unfolds<br /></span> -<span class="i4">To any one who’ll ask it.<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<p>Any Earthen Ware, Plates, Dishes, or Jugs to-day,—any Clothes to -exchange, Madam?</p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Come buy my Earthen Ware<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Your dresser to bedeck;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Examine it with care,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">There’s not a single speck.<br /></span> -</div><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">See white with edges brown,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Others with edges blue;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Have you a left-off gown,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Old bonnet, hat, or shoe?<br /></span> -</div><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Do look me up some clothes<br /></span> -<span class="i2">For this fine China jar;<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_117" id="page_117">{117}</a></span><br /></span> -<span class="i0">If but a pair of shoes,<br /></span> -<span class="i2">For I have travelled far.<br /></span> -</div><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">This flowered bowl of green<br /></span> -<span class="i2">Is worth a gown at least;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">I am sure it might be seen<br /></span> -<span class="i2">At any christening feast.<br /></span> -</div><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Do, Madam, look about<br /></span> -<span class="i2">And see what you can find;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Whatever you bring out<br /></span> -<span class="i2">I will not be behind.<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<hr style="width: 15%;" /> - -<h2>The Illustrations.</h2> - -<p>Ten of the illustrations by that great master of the art of caricature, -Thomas Rowlandson, are copied in <i>facsimile</i> from a scarce set, -fifty-four in all, published in 1820, entitled “Characteristic Sketches -of the Lower Orders,” to which there is a powerful preface, as -follows:—</p> - -<p>“The British public must be already acquainted with numerous productions -from the inimitable pencil of Mr. <span class="smcap">Rowlandson</span>, who has particularly -distinguished himself in this department.</p> - -<p>“There is so much truth and genuine feeling in his<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_118" id="page_118">{118}</a></span> delineations of -human character, that no one can inspect the present collection without -admiring his masterly style of drawing and admitting his just claim to -originality. The great variety of countenance, expression, and -situation, evince an active and lively feeling, which he has so happily -infused into the drawings as to divest them of that broad caricature -which is too conspicuous in the works of those artists who have followed -his manner. Indeed, we may venture to assert that, since the time of -Hogarth, no artist has appeared in this country who could be considered -his superior or even his equal.”</p> - -<p>The two illustrations—“Lavender,” with a background representing Temple -Bar, and “Fine Strawberries,” with a view of Covent Garden—are from -“Plates Representing the Itinerant Traders of London in their ordinary -Costume. Printed in 1805 as a supplement to ‘Modern London’ (London: -printed for Charles Phillips, 71, St. Paul’s Churchyard).” The set is -chiefly interesting as representing London scenes of the period; many -parts of which are now no longer recognisable.</p> - -<p>The crudely drawn, but picturesquely treated “Catnach” cuts, from the -celebrated Catnach press in Seven Dials, now owned by Mr. W. S. Fortey, -hardly require separately indicating.<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_119" id="page_119">{119}</a></span></p> - -<p>The four oval cuts, squared by the addition of perpendicular lines, “Hot -spice gingerbread!” “O’ Clo!” “Knives to Grind!” and “Cabbages O! -Turnips!” are facsimiled from a little twopenny book, entitled, “The -Moving Market; or, Cries of London, for the amusement of good children,” -published in 1815 by J. Lumsden and Son, of Glasgow. It has a -frontispiece representing a curious little four-in-hand carriage with -dogs in place of horses, underneath which is printed this triplet:—</p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">See, girls and boys who learning prize,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Round London drive to hear the cries,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Then learn your Book and ride likewise.”<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<p>The quaint cuts, “<span class="lftspc">’</span>Ere’s yer toys for girls an’ boys!” “New-laid eggs, -eight a groat,—crack ’em and try ’em!” “Flowers, penny a bunch!” -(frontispiece), and the three ballad singers, apparently taken from one -of the earliest chap-books, are really but of yesterday. For these the -writer is indebted to his friend, Mr. Joseph Crawhall, of -Newcastle-on-Tyne, who uses his cutting tools direct on the wood without -any copy. Mr. Crawhall’s “Chap-book Chaplets,” and “Old ffrendes wyth -newe Faces,” quaint quartos each with many hundreds of hand-coloured -cuts in his own peculiar and inimitable style, and “Izaak Walton, his -Wallet Book,” are fair examples of his skill in this direction.<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_120" id="page_120">{120}</a></span></p> - -<p>Two plates unenclosed with borders—“Old Chairs to mend!” and “Buy a -Live Goose?” are from that once common and now excessively scarce -child’s book, <i>The Cries of London as they are Daily Practised</i>, -published in 1804 by J. Harris, the successor of “honest John Newbery,” -the well-known St. Paul’s Churchyard bookseller and publisher.</p> - -<p>George Cruikshank’s London Barrow-woman (“Ripe Cherries”), “Tiddy Diddy -Doll,” and other cuts, are from the original illustrations to Hone’s -delightful “Every-Day Book,” recently republished by Messrs. Ward, Lock -& Co.</p> - -<p>The cuts illustrating modern cries—“Sw-e-e-p!”; “Dust, O!”; “Ow-oo!”; -“Fresh Cabbidge!”; and “Stinking Fish!” are from the facile pencil of -Mr. D. McEgan.</p> - -<p>Finally, in regard to the business card of pussy’s butcher, the -veracious chronicler is inclined to think that an antiquarian might -hesitate in pronouncing it to be quite so genuine as it looks. This -opinion coincides with his own. In fact he made it himself. As a -set-off, however, to the confession, let it be said that this is the -sole <i>fantaisie d’occasion</i> set down herein.<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_121" id="page_121">{121}</a></span></p> - -<h2><a name="APPENDIX" id="APPENDIX"></a>A P P E N D I X.</h2> - -<p class="c"><i>From “Notes and Queries.”</i></p> - -<p><span class="smcap">London Street Cry.</span>—What is the meaning of the old London cry, “Buy a -fine mousetrap, or a <i>tormentor for your fleas</i>”? Mention of it is found -in one of the Roxburghe ballads dated 1662, and, amongst others, in a -work dated about fifty years earlier. The cry torments me, and only its -elucidation will bring ease.</p> - -<p class="r"> -<span class="smcap">Andrew W. Tuer.</span><br /> -</p> - -<p>The Leadenhall Press, E.C.</p> - -<hr style="width: 15%;" /> - -<p><span class="smcap">London Street Cry</span> (6th S. viii. 348).—Was not this really a “tormentor -for your <i>flies</i>”? The mouse-trap man would probably also sell little -bunches of butcher’s broom (<i>Ruscus</i>, the mouse-thorn of the Germans), a -very effective and destructive weapon in the hands of an active -butcher’s boy, when employed to guard his master’s meat from the attacks -of flies.</p> - -<p class="r"> -<span class="smcap">Edward Solly.</span><br /> -</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_122" id="page_122">{122}</a></span></p> - -<hr style="width: 15%;" /> - -<p><span class="smcap">London Street Cry</span> (6th S. viii. 348, 393).—The following quotations -from Taylor, the Water Poet, may be of interest to Mr. <span class="smcap">Tuer</span>:—</p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">“I could name more, if so my Muse did please,<br /></span> -<span class="i1">Of Mowse Traps, and tormentors to kill Fleas.”<br /></span> -<span class="i10"><i>The Travels of Twelve-pence.</i><br /></span> -</div><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i1">Yet shall my begg’ry no strange Suites devise,<br /></span> -<span class="i1">As monopolies to catch Fleas and Flyes.”<br /></span> -<span class="i10"><i>The Beggar.</i><br /></span> -<span class="i0">Faringdon. <span style="margin-left: 30%;"><span class="smcap">Walter Haines.</span></span><br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -<hr style="width: 15%;" /> - -<p>I notice a query from you in <i>N. and Q.</i> about a London Street Cry which -troubles you. Many of the curious adjuncts to Street Cries proper have, -I apprehend, originally no meaning beyond drawing attention to the Crier -by their whimsicality. I will give you an instance. Soon after the union -between England and Ireland, a man with a sack on his back went -regularly about the larger streets of Dublin. His cry was:</p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">“Bits of Brass,<br /></span> -<span class="i1">Broken Glass,<br /></span> -<span class="i1">Old Iron,<br /></span> -<span class="i1">Bad luck to you, Castlereagh.”<br /></span> -<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_123" id="page_123">{123}</a></span></div></div> -</div> - -<p>Party feeling against Lord Castlereagh ran very high at the time, I -believe, and the political adjunct to his cry probably brought the man -more shillings than he got by his regular calling.</p> - -<p class="r"> -H. G. W.<br /> -</p> - -<p>P.S.—I find I have unconsciously made a low pun. The cry alluded to -above would probably be understood and appreciated in the streets of -Dublin at the present with reference to the Repeal of the Union.</p> - -<hr style="width: 15%;" /> - -<p class="c"> -<span class="smcap">London Street Cry.</span><br /> -<span class="smcap">88, Friargate, Derby.</span><br /> -</p> - -<p class="nind"> -<span class="smcap">Dear Sir</span>,—<br /> -</p> - -<p>The “Tormentor,” concerning which you inquire in <i>Notes and Queries</i> of -this date, was also known as a “Scratch-back,” and specimens are -occasionally to be seen in the country. I recollect seeing one, of -superior make, many years ago. An ivory hand, the fingers like those of -“Jasper Packlemerton of atrocious memory,” were “curled as in the act -of” scratching, a finely carved wrist-band of lace was the appropriate -ornament, and the whole was attached to a slender ivory rod of say -eighteen inches in length. The finger nails were sharpened, and the -instrument was thus available for discomfiting “back-biters,” even when<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_124" id="page_124">{124}</a></span> -engaged upon the most inaccessible portions of the human superficies. I -have also seen a less costly article of the same sort carved out of -pear-wood (or some similar material). It is probable that museums might -furnish examples of the “back scratcher,” “scratch back,” or “tormentor -for your fleas.”</p> - -<p class="r"> -<span style="margin-right: 4em;">Very truly yours,</span><br /> -<span class="smcap">Alfred Wallis.</span><br /> -</p> - -<hr style="width: 15%;" /> - -<p class="c"> -<span class="smcap">Junior Athenæum Club</span>,<br /> -</p> - -<p class="r"> -<span class="smcap">Piccadilly, W.</span><br /> -</p> - -<p class="nind"> -<span class="smcap">Dear Sir</span>,—<br /> -</p> - -<p>On turning over the leaves of <i>Notes and Queries</i> I happened on your -enquiry <i>re</i> “Tormentor for your fleas.” May I ask, have you succeeded -in getting at the meaning or origin of this curious street cry? I have -tried to trace it, but in vain. It occurs to me as just possible that -the following circumstance may bear on it:—</p> - -<p>The Japanese are annoyed a good deal with fleas. They make little cages -of bamboo—such I suppose as a small bird cage or mouse-trap—containing -plenty of bars and perches inside. These bars they smear over with -bird-lime, and then take the cage to bed with them. Is it not, as I say, -<i>just possible</i>, that one<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_125" id="page_125">{125}</a></span> of our ancient mariners brought the idea home -with him and started it in London? If so, a maker of bird cages or -mouse-traps is likely to have put the idea into execution, and cried his -mouse-traps and “flea tormentors” in one breath.</p> - -<p class="r"><span style="margin-right: 4em;"> -Faithfully yours,</span><br /> -<span class="smcap">Douglas Owen.</span><br /> -</p> - -<hr style="width: 15%;" /> - -<p><i>From “Notes and Queries,” April 18th, 1885.</i></p> - -<p><span class="smcap">London Cries.</span>—A cheap and extended edition of my <i>London Street Cries</i> -being on the eve of publication, I shall be glad of early information as -to the meaning of “A dip and a wallop for a bawbee”[A] and “Water for -the buggs.”<a name="FNanchor_12_12" id="FNanchor_12_12"></a><a href="#Footnote_12_12" class="fnanchor">[12]</a> I recollect many years ago reading an explanation of the -former, but am doubtful as to its correctness.</p> - -<p class="r"> -<span class="smcap">Andrew W. Tuer.</span><br /> -</p> - -<p>The Leadenhall Press, E.C.</p> - -<hr style="width: 15%;" /> - -<p>One who was an Edinburgh student towards the end of last century told me -that a man carrying a leg of mutton by the shank would traverse the -streets crying “Twa dips and a wallop for a bawbee.” This brought<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_126" id="page_126">{126}</a></span> the -gude-wives to their doors with pails of boiling water, which was in this -manner converted into “broth.”</p> - -<p class="r"> -<span class="smcap">Norman Chevers, M.D.</span><br /> -</p> - -<p class="hang"> -32, Tavistock Road, W.<br /> -<i>April 18th, 1885.</i><br /> -</p> - -<hr style="width: 15%;" /> - -<h2>COCKNEY PRONUNCIATION.</h2> - -<p class="c"> -25, <span class="smcap">Argyll Road, Kensington</span>, W.,<br /> -</p> - -<p class="r"> -<i>24th April, 1885</i>.<br /> -</p> - -<p class="nind"> -<span class="smcap">Dear Mr. Tuer</span>,—<br /> -</p> - -<p>The Cockney sound of long ā which is confused with received <i>ī</i>, is very -different from it, and where it approaches that sound, the long <i>ī</i> is -very broad, so that there is no possibility of confusing them in a -Cockney’s ear. But is the sound Cockney? Granted it is very prevalent in -E. and N. London, yet it is rarely found in W. and S.W. My belief is -that it is especially an Essex variety. There is no doubt about its -prevalence in Essex, so that [very roughly indeed] “I say” there becomes -“oy sy.” Then as regards the <i>ō</i> and <i>ou</i>. These are never pronounced -alike. The <i>ō</i> certainly often imitates received <i>ow</i>, though it has -more distinctly an <i>ō</i> commencement; but when<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_127" id="page_127">{127}</a></span> that is the case, <i>ou</i> -has a totally different sound, which dialect-writers usually mark as -<i>aow</i>, having a broad <i>ā</i> commencement, almost <i>a</i> in <i>bad</i>. Finer -speakers—shopmen and clerks—will use a finer <i>a</i>. The sound of short -<i>u</i> in <i>nut</i>, does not sound to me at all like <i>e</i> in <i>net</i>. There are -great varieties of this “natural vowel,” as some people call it, and our -received <i>nut</i> is much finer than the general southern provincial and -northern Scotch sounds, between which lie the mid and north England -sounds rhyming to <i>foot</i> nearly, and various transitional forms. -Certainly the sounds of <i>nut</i>, <i>gnat</i> are quite different, and are never -confused by speakers; yet you would write both as <i>net</i>.</p> - -<p>The pronunciation of the Metropolitan area is extremely mixed; no one -form prevails. We may put aside educated or received English as entirely -artificial. The N., N.E., and E. districts all partake of an East -Anglian character; but whether that is recent, or belongs to the Middle -Anglian character of Middlesex, is difficult to say. I was born in the -N. district, within the sound of Bow Bells (the Cockney limits), over -seventy years ago, and I do not recall the <i>i</i> pronunciation of <i>ā</i> in -my boyish days, nor do I recollect having seen it used by the older -humourists. Nor do I find it in “Errors of Pronunciation and Improper -Expressions, Used Frequently and Chiefly by the<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_128" id="page_128">{128}</a></span> Inhabitants of London,” -1817, which likewise does not note any pronunciation of <i>ō</i> like <i>ow</i>. -Hence I am inclined to believe that both are modernisms, due to the -growing of London into the adjacent provinces. They do not seem to me -yet prevalent in the W. districts, though the N.W. is transitional. -South of the Thames, in the S.W. districts, I think they are practically -unknown. In the S.E. districts, which dip into N. Kent, the finer form -of <i>aow</i> for <i>ou</i> is prevalent. The uneducated of course form a mode of -speech among themselves. But I am sorry to find even school teachers -much infected with the <i>ī</i>, <i>ow</i>, <i>aow</i>, pronunciations of <i>ā</i>, <i>ō</i>, -<i>ou</i>, in N. districts.</p> - -<p>Of course your Cockney orthography goes upon very broad lines, and you -are quite justified in raising a laugh by apparent confusions, where no -confusions are made by the speakers themselves, as Hans Breitmann did -with the German. The confusion is only in our ears. They speak a -language we do not use. To write the varieties of sounds, especially of -diphthongs, with anything like correctness, requires a phonetic alphabet -which cannot even be read, much less written, without great study, such -as you cannot look for in readers who want only to be amused. But -another question arises, Should we lay down a pronunciation? There never -has been any authority capable of doing<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_129" id="page_129">{129}</a></span> so. Orthoepists may protest, -but the fashion of pronunciation will again change, as it has changed so -often and so markedly during the last six hundred years; see the proofs -in my <i>Early English Pronunciation</i>. Why should we not pronounce <i>ā</i> as -we do <i>ī</i>, pronouncing <i>ī</i> as we do <i>oy</i>? Why should we not call <i>ō</i> as -we now call <i>ow</i>, pronouncing that as <i>aow</i>? Is not our <i>ā</i> a change -from <i>ī</i> (the German <i>ei</i>, <i>ai</i>) in <i>say</i>, <i>away</i>, <i>pain</i>, etc.? Is not -our <i>ou</i> a change from our sound of <i>oo</i> in <i>cow</i>, etc.? Again, our <i>oo</i> -replaces an old <i>oh</i> sound. There is nothing but fashion which rules -this. But when sounds are changed in one set of vowels, a compensating -change takes place in another set, and so no confusion results. In one -part of Cheshire I met with four sounds of <i>y</i> in <i>my</i>, never confused -by natives, although a received speaker hears only one, and all arose -from different sources. Why is one pronunciation <i>horrid</i> (or aw-ud), -and another not? Simply because they mark social grades. Of course I -prefer my own pronunciation, it’s been my companion for so many years. -But others, just as much of course, prefer theirs. When I brought out -the <i>Phonetic News</i>, in phonetic spelling, many years ago, a newsvendor -asked me, “Why write <i>neewz</i>? We always say <i>nooze</i>.”</p> - -<p class="r"><span style="margin-right: 4em;"> -Very truly yours,</span><br /> -<span class="smcap">Alexander J. Ellis</span>.<br /> -<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_130" id="page_130">{130}</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 267px;"> -<img src="images/illus_130.jpg" width="267" height="137" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_131" id="page_131">{131}</a></span></p> - -<h2><a name="Index" id="Index"></a>Index.</h2> - -<p class="c"><a href="#A">A</a>, -<a href="#B">B</a>, -<a href="#C">C</a>, -<a href="#D">D</a>, -<a href="#E">E</a>, -<a href="#F">F</a>, -<a href="#G">G</a>, -<a href="#H">H</a>, -<a href="#I">I</a>, -<a href="#J">J</a>, -<a href="#K">K</a>, -<a href="#L">L</a>, -<a href="#M">M</a>, -<a href="#N">N</a>, -<a href="#O">O</a>, -<a href="#P">P</a>, -<a href="#Q">Q</a>, -<a href="#R">R</a>, -<a href="#S">S</a>, -<a href="#T">T</a>, -<a href="#U">U</a>, -<a href="#V">V</a>, -<a href="#W">W</a>, -<a href="#Y">Y</a>. -</p> - -<p class="nind"> -<a name="A" id="A"></a>A dip and a wallop for a bawbee!, <a href="#page_29">29</a>, <a href="#page_125">125</a>, <a href="#page_126">126</a><br /> - -Act, Chimney Sweeps’, <a href="#page_64">64</a><br /> - -Addison, Cries of London, <a href="#page_25">25</a>, <a href="#page_30">30</a><br /> - -Albert Smith’s “Covered Uncertainties”, <a href="#page_111">111</a><br /> - -Ale Scurvy-grass, <a href="#page_32">32</a><br /> - -All my teeth ache!, <a href="#page_30">30</a><br /> - -All the fun of the fair!, <a href="#page_50">50</a><br /> - -Ancient tavern sign, <a href="#page_110">110</a><br /> - -Anecdote of a simpler, <a href="#page_32">32</a><br /> - -<i>Aphorisms, Book of</i>, <a href="#page_36">36</a><br /> - -Area sneak thieves, <a href="#page_48">48</a><br /> - -’Arry and Emma Ann, <a href="#page_50">50</a><br /> - -<br /> -<a name="B" id="B"></a>Bartholomew Fair, <a href="#page_38">38</a>, <a href="#page_39">39</a>, <a href="#page_42">42</a><br /> - -<i>Bartholomew Fair</i>, Ben Jonson’s (1614), <a href="#page_25">25</a><br /> - -Beating of one’s wife, <a href="#page_51">51</a><br /> - -Beaumont and Fletcher’s <i>Bonduca</i>, <a href="#page_25">25</a><br /> - -Beau pot? Will you buy a, <a href="#page_86">86</a><br /> - -Bellows-mender, <a href="#page_94">94</a><br /> - -Bells, Merry Christ Church, <a href="#page_33">33</a><br /> - -Belman, <a href="#page_20">20</a><br /> - -Blacking, cake, <a href="#page_44">44</a><br /> - -Black sheep, <a href="#page_48">48</a><br /> - -Blowing a horn in the night, <a href="#page_51">51</a><br /> - -<i>Bonduca</i>, Beaumont and Fletcher’s, <a href="#page_25">25</a><br /> - -<i>Book of Aphorisms</i>, <a href="#page_36">36</a><br /> - -Boot-black, The modern, <a href="#page_44">44</a><br /> - -Boot laces—<small>AND</small> the boot laces!, <a href="#page_54">54</a><br /> - -Brickdust, <a href="#page_92">92</a><br /> - -Bridgwater Library, <a href="#page_14">14</a><br /> - -British Museum, Collection of cries in, <a href="#page_16">16</a><br /> - -Buggs! Water for the, <a href="#page_29">29</a>, <a href="#page_125">125</a>, <a href="#page_126">126</a><br /> - -Buns! Hot cross, <a href="#page_97">97</a><br /> - -Busby’s <i>Costumes of the Lower Orders</i>, <a href="#page_35">35</a><br /> - -Business card of pussy’s butcher, <a href="#page_65">65</a>, <a href="#page_120">120</a><br /> - -Buy a beau pot?, <a href="#page_86">86</a><br /> - -Buy a bill of the play?, <a href="#page_97">97</a><br /> - -“Buy a broom” criers, Flemish, <a href="#page_96">96</a><br /> - -Buy a flower, sir?, <a href="#page_68">68</a><br /> - -Buy my rumps and burrs?, <a href="#page_38">38</a><br /> - -<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_132" id="page_132">{132}</a></span>Buy my singing glasses?, <a href="#page_12">12</a><br /> - -<br /> -<a name="C" id="C"></a>Cake blacking, <a href="#page_44">44</a><br /> - -Calling price before quantity, <a href="#page_64">64</a><br /> - -Candlewick, <a href="#page_5">5</a><br /> - -Cantlie’s (Dr. J.) “Degeneration among Londoners”, <a href="#page_72">72</a><br /> - -Canwyke Street, <a href="#page_5">5</a><br /> - -Caricature, political, Cries the vehicle for, <a href="#page_29">29</a><br /> - -Catnach illustrations, <a href="#page_118">118</a><br /> - -Cats, London, <a href="#page_64">64</a><br /> - -Caveat against cut-purses, <a href="#page_42">42</a><br /> - -Chairs in Queen Anne’s time, <a href="#page_108">108</a><br /> - -Chairs in Queen Elizabeth’s time, <a href="#page_108">108</a><br /> - -Chairs, rush-bottomed, <a href="#page_108">108</a><br /> - -Characteristic sketches of the lower orders (1820), <a href="#page_117">117</a><br /> - -Characters, Humorous, <a href="#page_52">52</a><br /> - -Charles II., Cries in the time of, <a href="#page_18">18</a><br /> - -Cherryes in the ryse, <a href="#page_3">3</a><br /> - -Chimney Sweeps’ Act, <a href="#page_64">64</a><br /> - -Clean yer boots?, <a href="#page_44">44</a><br /> - -Coachman, Hackney, <a href="#page_70">70</a><br /> - -Cockney pronunciation, <a href="#page_31">31</a>, <a href="#page_53">53</a>, <a href="#page_72">72</a>, <a href="#page_73">73</a>, <a href="#page_74">74</a>, <a href="#page_126">126-129</a><br /> - -Cockney pronunciation, London <i>Globe</i>, <a href="#page_78">78</a><br /> - -Colly Molly Puffe! <i>Spectator</i>, <a href="#page_12">12</a><br /> - -Costermonger, or Costardmonger, <a href="#page_46">46</a><br /> - -<i>Costumes of the Lower Orders</i>, Busby’s, <a href="#page_35">35</a><br /> - -“Covered Uncertainties,” Albert Smith’s, <a href="#page_111">111</a><br /> - -Crawhall’s (Joseph) illustrations, <a href="#page_119">119</a><br /> - -Cream made of turnips, <a href="#page_60">60</a><br /> - -Cries—Collection in British Museum, <a href="#page_16">16</a><br /> - -Cries, Old London Street—Examples of, <a href="#page_76">76-92</a><br /> - -Cries, Tempest’s, <a href="#page_6">6</a><br /> - -Cries in the time of Charles the Second, <a href="#page_18">18</a><br /> - -Cries, Under-street, <a href="#page_70">70</a><br /> - -Cries, vehicle for political caricature, <a href="#page_29">29</a><br /> - -Cries of London, Addison’s mention of, <a href="#page_25">25</a>, <a href="#page_30">30</a><br /> - -<i>Cries of London as they are daily Practised</i>, J. Harris (1804), <a href="#page_120">120</a><br /> - -Cries of London, earliest mention of, <a href="#page_3">3</a><br /> - -Cries of London, engraved by Schiavonetti and Wheatley, <a href="#page_42">42</a><br /> - -Cries of London for the amusement of good children, <a href="#page_119">119</a><br /> - -Cries of London, Humorous, <a href="#page_52">52</a>, <a href="#page_53">53</a>, <a href="#page_54">54</a><br /> - -<i>Cries of London</i>, Lumsden’s, <a href="#page_119">119</a><br /> - -Cries of London, Roxburgh collection of, <a href="#page_25">25-33</a><br /> - -Cries of London, Sandby’s, <a href="#page_31">31</a><br /> - -<i>Cries of London</i> (J. T.) Smith’s, <a href="#page_16">16</a><br /> - -Cries of London. Specimens of versification, <a href="#page_111">111-117</a><br /> - -Cries of London, <i>Spectator</i>, <a href="#page_25">25</a><br /> - -<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_133" id="page_133">{133}</a></span>Cries of York, <a href="#page_14">14</a><br /> - -Cruikshank’s London barrow-woman, <a href="#page_100">100</a><br /> - -“Cryer,” Public, <a href="#page_22">22</a><br /> - -Cryes, Tempest’s, <a href="#page_6">6</a><br /> - -Cuckoo flowers, <a href="#page_35">35</a><br /> - -Cut-purses, Caveat against, <a href="#page_42">42</a><br /> - -<br /> -<a name="D" id="D"></a>Dead letter act, A, <a href="#page_51">51</a><br /> - -“Degeneration amongst Londoners,” Dr. Jas. Cantlie’s, <a href="#page_72">72</a><br /> - -Description of Illustrations, <a href="#page_117">117-120</a><br /> - -“Doing” the public, <a href="#page_47">47</a><br /> - -Door Mats, <a href="#page_94">94</a><br /> - -Doublets, Old, <a href="#page_10">10</a><br /> - -Do you want a lick on the head?, <a href="#page_30">30</a><br /> - -Du Maurier’s Steam Launch in Venice, <a href="#page_72">72</a><br /> - -<br /> -<a name="E" id="E"></a>Earliest mention of London Cries, <a href="#page_3">3</a><br /> - -Early green peas, <a href="#page_94">94</a><br /> - -Early matches, <a href="#page_56">56</a><br /> - -Early umbrellas, <a href="#page_70">70</a><br /> - -Elizabethan Statutes of the streets, <a href="#page_51">51</a><br /> - -<i>Everyday Book</i>, Hone’s, <a href="#page_36">36</a>, <a href="#page_42">42</a>, <a href="#page_52">52</a>, <a href="#page_96">96</a>, <a href="#page_102">102</a>, <a href="#page_110">110</a>, <a href="#page_120">120</a><br /> - -<br /> -<a name="F" id="F"></a>Facetious salesmen of the streets, <a href="#page_52">52</a><br /> - -Fair, Bartholomew, <a href="#page_38">38</a>, <a href="#page_39">39</a>, <a href="#page_42">42</a><br /> - -Faux, the Conjurer, <a href="#page_40">40</a><br /> - -Fine tie or a fine bob, sir?, <a href="#page_36">36</a><br /> - -Fleas! Tormentor for, <a href="#page_24">24</a>, <a href="#page_121">121-125</a><br /> - -Flea trap, <a href="#page_25">25</a><br /> - -Flemish “Buy a broom” criers, <a href="#page_96">96</a><br /> - -Flower girls at the Royal Exchange, <a href="#page_68">68</a><br /> - -“Flowers, Penny a Bunch!” (frontispiece), <a href="#page_119">119</a><br /> - -Frontispiece, “Flowers, Penny a Bunch!”, <a href="#page_119">119</a><br /> - -<br /> -<a name="G" id="G"></a>Gardner’s Collection of Prints, <a href="#page_7">7</a><br /> - -Gay’s poor apple girl, <a href="#page_28">28</a><br /> - -Gay’s <i>Trivia</i>, <a href="#page_26">26</a><br /> - -<i>Gazette, London</i>, <a href="#page_14">14</a><br /> - -Gingerbread, Hot spiced, <a href="#page_102">102</a><br /> - -Green peas, Early, <a href="#page_94">94</a><br /> - -Green rushes, O!, <a href="#page_98">98</a><br /> - -Grose, Francis—<i>The Olio</i>, <a href="#page_30">30</a>, <a href="#page_62">62</a><br /> - -<br /> -<a name="H" id="H"></a>Ha! ha! Poor Jack!, <a href="#page_8">8</a><br /> - -Hackney Coachman, <a href="#page_70">70</a><br /> - -Hanway (Jonas) the philanthropist, <a href="#page_64">64</a><br /> - -Herb gatherers, <a href="#page_32">32</a><br /> - -Heywood’s <i>Rape of Lucrece</i>, <a href="#page_24">24</a><br /> - -Highest ground in London, <a href="#page_109">109</a>, <a href="#page_110">110</a><br /> - -Hokey-pokey, <a href="#page_58">58</a><br /> - -Hone’s <i>Everyday Book</i>, <a href="#page_36">36</a>, <a href="#page_42">42</a>, <a href="#page_52">52</a>, <a href="#page_96">96</a>, <a href="#page_102">102</a>, <a href="#page_110">110</a>, <a href="#page_120">120</a><br /> - -Honest John Newbery, <a href="#page_120">120</a><br /> - -Hot-baked wardens!, <a href="#page_38">38</a><br /> - -Hot cross buns!, <a href="#page_97">97</a><br /> - -Hot mutton trumpery!, <a href="#page_30">30</a><br /> - -Hot pies, <a href="#page_111">111</a><br /> - -<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_134" id="page_134">{134}</a></span>Hot pudding, <a href="#page_96">96</a><br /> - -Hot rolls, <a href="#page_96">96</a><br /> - -Hot spiced gingerbread, <a href="#page_102">102</a><br /> - -Hogarth’s Idle Apprentice, <a href="#page_104">104</a><br /> - -Hogarth’s Laughing Audience, <a href="#page_98">98</a><br /> - -Houndsditch, <a href="#page_47">47</a>, <a href="#page_50">50</a><br /> - -Humorous characters, <a href="#page_52">52</a><br /> - -Humorous Cries of London, <a href="#page_52">52</a>, <a href="#page_53">53</a>, <a href="#page_54">54</a><br /> - -Humorous nonsense, <a href="#page_104">104</a><br /> - -<br /> -<a name="I" id="I"></a>Ices, Neapolitan, <a href="#page_58">58</a><br /> - -Ices, penny, <a href="#page_58">58</a><br /> - -Idle Apprentice, Hogarth’s, <a href="#page_104">104</a><br /> - -Illustrations, Catnach, <a href="#page_118">118</a><br /> - -Illustrations, Crawhall’s, <a href="#page_119">119</a><br /> - -Illustrations, Description of, <a href="#page_117">117-120</a><br /> - -Illustrations, McEgan’s, <a href="#page_120">120</a><br /> - -Illustrations, Rowlandson’s, <a href="#page_117">117</a><br /> - -I’m on the woolsack!, <a href="#page_31">31</a><br /> - -Imitators of Tiddy Diddy Doll, <a href="#page_104">104</a><br /> - -Inner and Outer Circle Railway, <a href="#page_75">75</a><br /> - -Inner Circle Railway, <a href="#page_73">73</a><br /> - -Irons! Marking, <a href="#page_42">42</a><br /> - -Itinerant traders, Plates representing (1805), <a href="#page_118">118</a><br /> - -<br /> -<a name="J" id="J"></a>Jack-in-the-box seller, <a href="#page_56">56</a><br /> - -Japan your shoes, your honour?, <a href="#page_44">44</a><br /> - -Jaw-work, up and under jaw-work!, <a href="#page_54">54</a><br /> - -Johnson (Dr.), Turnips and carrots, O!, <a href="#page_43">43</a><br /> - -Jonson’s (Ben) <i>Bartholomew Fair</i> (1614), <a href="#page_25">25</a><br /> - -<br /> -<a name="K" id="K"></a>Knives to grind!, <a href="#page_98">98</a><br /> - -<br /> -<a name="L" id="L"></a>Laughing Audience, Hogarth’s, <a href="#page_98">98</a><br /> - -Laroon, Capt., <a href="#page_7">7</a><br /> - -Laroon, Marcellus, <a href="#page_6">6</a><br /> - -Lice, penny a pair, boot lice!, <a href="#page_53">53</a><br /> - -Lights—pipe and c’gar, <a href="#page_56">56</a><br /> - -Loftie’s <i>Old London</i>, <a href="#page_110">110</a><br /> - -London barrow-woman, Cruikshank’s, <a href="#page_100">100</a><br /> - -London cats, <a href="#page_64">64</a><br /> - -<i>London Cries, as they are daily Practised</i>, J. Harris (1804), <a href="#page_120">120</a><br /> - -London Cries, earliest mention of, <a href="#page_3">3</a><br /> - -London Cries, engraved by Schiavonetti and Wheatley, <a href="#page_42">42</a><br /> - -London Cries, Humorous, <a href="#page_52">52</a>, <a href="#page_53">53</a>, <a href="#page_54">54</a><br /> - -<i>London, Cries of—for the Amusement of Good Children</i>, <a href="#page_119">119</a><br /> - -London Cries, Sandby’s, <a href="#page_31">31</a><br /> - -London Cries, Specimens of versification, <a href="#page_111">111-117</a><br /> - -<i>London Gazette</i>, <a href="#page_14">14</a><br /> - -London, Highest ground in, <a href="#page_109">109</a>, <a href="#page_110">110</a><br /> - -London Lyckpenny, <a href="#page_3">3</a><br /> - -<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_135" id="page_135">{135}</a></span><i>London Spy</i> (1703) Ned Ward’s, <a href="#page_38">38</a><br /> - -London street cries, Old, Examples of, <a href="#page_76">76</a>, <a href="#page_92">92</a><br /> - -<i>London, The Three Ladies of</i> (1584), <a href="#page_96">96</a><br /> - -Lord Mayor’s day, <a href="#page_50">50</a><br /> - -<i>Lower Orders</i>, Busby’s <i>Costumes of the</i>, <a href="#page_35">35</a><br /> - -Lower orders, Characteristic sketches of (1820), <a href="#page_117">117</a><br /> - -Lucifer match, The, <a href="#page_56">56</a><br /> - -Lumsden’s <i>Cries of London</i>, <a href="#page_119">119</a><br /> - -Lyckpenny, London, <a href="#page_3">3</a><br /> - -Lydgate, John, <a href="#page_3">3</a><br /> - -<br /> -<a name="M" id="M"></a>Marking irons!, <a href="#page_42">42</a><br /> - -Marking stones, <a href="#page_16">16</a><br /> - -Marquis Townshend’s, <i>The Pedlars</i> (1763), <a href="#page_29">29</a><br /> - -Match, Brimstone, <a href="#page_56">56</a><br /> - -Match, Lucifer, <a href="#page_56">56</a><br /> - -Match-selling, <a href="#page_48">48</a><br /> - -Match, Vesuvian, <a href="#page_56">56</a><br /> - -Matches, Early, <a href="#page_56">56</a><br /> - -McEgan’s illustrations, <a href="#page_120">120</a><br /> - -Merry Christ Church bells, <a href="#page_33">33</a><br /> - -Metropolitan and District Railways, <a href="#page_73">73</a><br /> - -Milk below, maids!, <a href="#page_67">67</a><br /> - -Modern boot-black, <a href="#page_44">44</a><br /> - -Modern street cries, <a href="#page_62">62</a>, <a href="#page_64">64</a>, <a href="#page_67">67-70</a><br /> - -<i>Morning in Town</i>, Swift’s, <a href="#page_10">10</a><br /> - -Muffin man, <a href="#page_62">62</a><br /> - -My name and your name, etc., <a href="#page_42">42</a><br /> - -<br /> -<a name="N" id="N"></a>Nameless toy, A, <a href="#page_54">54</a><br /> - -Neapolitan ices, <a href="#page_58">58</a><br /> - -New laid eggs, crack ’em and try ’em!, <a href="#page_54">54</a><br /> - -New laid eggs, eight a groat, <a href="#page_110">110</a><br /> - -Newsman, The, <a href="#page_68">68</a><br /> - -Newspaper, Shilling for a, <a href="#page_68">68</a><br /> - -Nonsense, Humorous, <a href="#page_104">104</a><br /> - -<i>Notes and Queries</i>, References to, <a href="#page_36">36</a>, <a href="#page_121">121</a>, <a href="#page_122">122</a>, <a href="#page_125">125</a><br /> - -Novelties from the continent, <a href="#page_50">50</a><br /> - -Newbery, Honest John, <a href="#page_120">120</a><br /> - -<br /> -<a name="O" id="O"></a>O’ Clo!, <a href="#page_62">62</a><br /> - -Old chairs to mend!, <a href="#page_106">106</a><br /> - -Old doublets, <a href="#page_10">10</a><br /> - -’Okey-pokey, <a href="#page_58">58</a><br /> - -<i>Old London</i>, Loftie’s, <a href="#page_110">110</a><br /> - -Old London street cries, Examples of, <a href="#page_76">76-92</a><br /> - -<i>Olio, The</i>—Francis Grose, <a href="#page_30">30</a>, <a href="#page_62">62</a><br /> - -On the bough, <a href="#page_3">3</a><br /> - -On’y a ha’penny!, <a href="#page_54">54</a><br /> - -Orange seller, Dr. Randal, The, <a href="#page_52">52</a><br /> - -Oranges! Oratorio, <a href="#page_53">53</a><br /> - -Ornaments for your fire stoves!, <a href="#page_60">60</a><br /> - -’Orrible railway haccident—speshill ’dishun, <a href="#page_68">68</a><br /> - -Outcries in the night, <a href="#page_51">51</a><br /> - -<br /> -<a name="P" id="P"></a>Panyer Alley, <a href="#page_109">109</a><br /> - -<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_136" id="page_136">{136}</a></span><i>Pedlars, The</i> (1763) List of Cries in, <a href="#page_29">29</a><br /> - -Penny for a shillin’ ’lusterated magazine!, <a href="#page_51">51</a><br /> - -Penny ices!, <a href="#page_58">58</a><br /> - -Penny pieman, The, <a href="#page_111">111</a><br /> - -Philanthropist, Jonas Hanway, The <a href="#page_64">64</a><br /> - -Pieman, The penny, <a href="#page_111">111</a><br /> - -Pins, Hone’s Reference to, <a href="#page_7">7</a><br /> - -Pipe cleaner—penny for two!, <a href="#page_58">58</a><br /> - -Pipe-lights, <a href="#page_56">56</a><br /> - -Plates representing itinerant traders (1805), <a href="#page_118">118</a><br /> - -Play! Buy a bill of the, <a href="#page_97">97</a><br /> - -Political caricature, Cries the vehicle for, <a href="#page_29">29</a><br /> - -Poor apple girl, Gay’s, <a href="#page_28">28</a><br /> - -Prisoners! Remember the poor, <a href="#page_14">14</a><br /> - -Pronunciation, Cockney, <a href="#page_31">31</a>, <a href="#page_53">53</a>, <a href="#page_72">72</a>, <a href="#page_73">73</a>, <a href="#page_74">74</a>, <a href="#page_127">127-130</a><br /> - -Pronunciation (Cockney) London <i>Globe</i>, <a href="#page_73">73</a><br /> - -Public “Cryer”, <a href="#page_22">22</a><br /> - -Pudding, Hot, <a href="#page_96">96</a><br /> - -Pussy’s butcher, Business card of, <a href="#page_65">65</a>, <a href="#page_120">120</a><br /> - -<br /> -<a name="Q" id="Q"></a>Queen Anne’s time, Chairs in, <a href="#page_108">108</a><br /> - -Queen Elizabeth’s time, Chairs in, <a href="#page_108">108</a><br /> - -<br /> -<a name="R" id="R"></a>Rabbits, <a href="#page_98">98</a><br /> - -Railway, Underground, <a href="#page_70">70</a><br /> - -Railways, Inner and Outer Circle, <a href="#page_75">75</a><br /> - -Railways, Metropolitan and District, <a href="#page_73">73</a><br /> - -Randal (Dr.), the orange seller, <a href="#page_52">52</a><br /> - -<i>Rape of Lucrece</i>, Heywood’s, <a href="#page_24">24</a><br /> - -Rat-catcher, <a href="#page_18">18</a><br /> - -Remember the poor prisoners!, <a href="#page_14">14</a><br /> - -Rolls, Hot, <a href="#page_96">96</a><br /> - -Rowlandson’s illustrations, <a href="#page_117">117</a><br /> - -Roxburgh Collection, Cries of London, <a href="#page_25">25-33</a><br /> - -Royal Exchange, Flower girls at the, <a href="#page_68">68</a><br /> - -Ruddle, <a href="#page_16">16</a><br /> - -Rumps and burrs! Buy my, <a href="#page_38">38</a><br /> - -Rush-bearing, <a href="#page_100">100</a><br /> - -Rush-bottomed chairs, <a href="#page_108">108</a><br /> - -Rushes, green, <a href="#page_5">5</a><br /> - -Ryster grene <a href="#page_5">5</a><br /> - -<br /> -<a name="S" id="S"></a>Salesmen of the streets, Facetious, <a href="#page_52">52</a><br /> - -Saloop, <a href="#page_35">35</a><br /> - -Samphire, <a href="#page_98">98</a><br /> - -Sandby’s (Paul) London Cries, <a href="#page_31">31</a><br /> - -Scurvy-grass, Ale, <a href="#page_32">32</a><br /> - -Shilling for a newspaper, <a href="#page_68">68</a><br /> - -Shrimps! Stinking, <a href="#page_53">53</a><br /> - -Simpler, Anecdote of a, <a href="#page_32">32</a><br /> - -Simplers, <a href="#page_32">32</a><br /> - -Singing glasses! Buy my, <a href="#page_12">12</a><br /> - -Small coale, Swift’s reference to, <a href="#page_10">10</a><br /> - -Smith (J. T.) <i>Cries of London</i>, <a href="#page_16">16</a><br /> - -Soot! or Sweep O!, <a href="#page_64">64</a><br /> - -<span class="pagenum"><a name="page_137" id="page_137">{137}</a></span><i>Spectator</i>—Colly Molly Puffe!, <a href="#page_12">12</a><br /> - -<i>Spectator</i>, Cries of London, <a href="#page_25">25</a><br /> - -Speshill ’dishun, ’orrible railway haccident!, <a href="#page_68">68</a><br /> - -Statutes of the streets, Elizabethan, <a href="#page_51">51</a><br /> - -Steam Launch in Venice, Du Maurier’s, <a href="#page_72">72</a><br /> - -Steele’s comedy of <i>The Funeral</i>, <a href="#page_26">26</a><br /> - -Stinking shrimps!, <a href="#page_53">53</a><br /> - -Stones, Marking, <a href="#page_16">16</a><br /> - -Stop thief!, <a href="#page_16">16</a><br /> - -Street cries, Modern, <a href="#page_62">62</a>, <a href="#page_64">64</a>, <a href="#page_67">67-70</a><br /> - -Street music, Regulation of, <a href="#page_52">52</a><br /> - -Sweep your door away, mum?, <a href="#page_53">53</a><br /> - -Swift’s <i>Morning in Town</i>, <a href="#page_10">10</a><br /> - -Swift’s reference to small coale, <a href="#page_10">10</a><br /> - -<br /> -<a name="T" id="T"></a>Tavern sign, Ancient <a href="#page_110">110</a><br /> - -Taylor’s <i>Travels of Twelvepence</i>, <a href="#page_25">25</a><br /> - -Tempest’s Cryes, <a href="#page_6">6</a><br /> - -<i>The Funeral</i>, Steele’s comedy of, <a href="#page_26">26</a><br /> - -Thieves, Area sneak, <a href="#page_48">48</a><br /> - -<i>Three ladies of London</i> (1584), <a href="#page_96">96</a><br /> - -Tiddy Diddy Doll, <a href="#page_102">102</a><br /> - -Tiddy Diddy Doll’s imitators, <a href="#page_104">104</a><br /> - -Tinker, <a href="#page_94">94</a><br /> - -Tormentor for your fleas!, <a href="#page_24">24</a>, <a href="#page_121">121-125</a><br /> - -Townshend, Marquis—<i>The Pedlars</i>, <a href="#page_29">29</a><br /> - -Toy, A nameless, <a href="#page_54">54</a><br /> - -<i>Travels of Twelvepence</i>, Taylor’s, <a href="#page_25">25</a><br /> - -Tricksters, <a href="#page_47">47</a>, <a href="#page_48">48</a><br /> - -<i>Trivia</i>, Gay’s, <a href="#page_26">26</a><br /> - -Troope every one!, <a href="#page_12">12</a><br /> - -Turnips and carrots, O! Dr. Johnson’s reference thereto, <a href="#page_43">43</a><br /> - -Turnips, Cream made of, <a href="#page_60">60</a><br /> - -Type seller, <a href="#page_42">42</a><br /> - -<br /> -<a name="U" id="U"></a>Umbrellas, Early, <a href="#page_70">70</a><br /> - -Underground Railway, <a href="#page_70">70</a><br /> - -Under-street Cries, <a href="#page_70">70</a><br /> - -<br /> -<a name="V" id="V"></a>Versification, Specimens of, in London Cries, <a href="#page_111">111-117</a><br /> - -<br /> -<a name="W" id="W"></a>Wardens! Hot baked, <a href="#page_38">38</a><br /> - -Ward’s (Ned) <i>London Spy</i> (1703), <a href="#page_38">38</a><br /> - -Watchman, <a href="#page_35">35</a><br /> - -Water for the Buggs!, <a href="#page_29">29</a>, <a href="#page_125">125</a>, <a href="#page_126">126</a><br /> - -Waterman, The, <a href="#page_36">36</a><br /> - -“What d’ye ack?”, <a href="#page_24">24</a><br /> - -Whistling prohibited after 9 o’clock, <a href="#page_51">51</a><br /> - -White sand and grey sand!, <a href="#page_97">97</a><br /> - -Wigs, The best, <a href="#page_36">36</a><br /> - -Woolsack! I’m on the, <a href="#page_31">31</a><br /> - -<br /> -<a name="Y" id="Y"></a>York, Cries of, <a href="#page_14">14</a><br /> - -Young lambs to sell!, <a href="#page_105">105</a><br /></p> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_138" id="page_138">{138}</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 275px;"> -<img src="images/illus_138.jpg" width="275" height="182" alt="[Image unavailable.]" /> -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_139" id="page_139">{139}</a></span></p> - -<hr /> - -<p class="c">EXTRACTS FROM</p> - -<p class="c" style="font-size:200%;font-family:courier; -font-weight:bold;"> -FIELD & TUER’S BOOK LIST,<br /></p> -<p class="c"><span class="eng">The Leadenhall Press,</span><br /> -<i>50, LEADENHALL STREET, LONDON, E.C.</i><br /> -</p> -<hr /> -<p class="c"> -☞ All these books are on sale at <span class="smcap">The Old London Street</span>,<br /> -728, Broadway, New York.<br /> -</p> - -<hr /> -<p class="cb">MR. F. G. HILTON PRICE, F.S.A.</p> - -<div class="blockquot"><p><big>The Signs of Old Lombard Street.</big> By <span class="smcap">F. G. Hilton Price, F.S.A.</span>, -with Sixty full-page 4to Illustrations by <span class="smcap">James West</span>. LONDON: Field -& Tuer, The Leadenhall Press, E.C.</p> - -<p class="r"> -[One Guinea.<br /> -</p></div> - -<hr /> - -<p class="cb">MR. NORMAN PRESCOTT DAVIES.</p> - -<div class="blockquot"><p><big>Gray’s Elegy:</big> with Sixteen beautiful Illustrations by <span class="smcap">Norman -Prescott Davies</span>, facsimiled from his original drawings in the -possession, and published by the gracious permission, of <span class="smcap">H.R.H. The -Princess of Wales</span>. Bound in gold lettered vellum, with broad silken -bands and strings. LONDON: Field & Tuer, The Leadenhall Press, E.C.</p> - -<p class="r"> -[One Guinea.<br /> -</p></div> - -<p>“A work of very great beauty.”—<i>Leeds Mercury.</i></p> - -<hr /> - -<p class="cb">MR. ANDREW W. TUER.</p> - -<p class="c">(<i>Dedicated by gracious permission to Her Majesty the Queen.</i>)</p> - -<div class="blockquot"><p><big>Bartolozzi and his Works.</big> (New Edition.) Biographical, Anecdotal, -and Descriptive. By <span class="smcap">Andrew W. Tuer</span>. LONDON: Field & Tuer, The -Leadenhall Press, E.C.</p> - -<p class="r"> -[Twelve-and-Sixpence.<br /> -</p></div> - -<p class="nind"><span class="letra">A</span> guide to the study of old-fashioned prints of the Bartolozzi school. -Revised with new and interesting matter: in one thick handsome -vellum-bound volume, gold lettered, broad silken bands and strings. -<i>Limited to 500 signed and numbered copies.</i><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_140" id="page_140">{140}</a></span></p> - -<div class="blockquot"><p><big>Views of English Society</big>. By a little Girl of Eleven. Illustrated. -LONDON: Field & Tuer, The Leadenhall Press, E. 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LONDON: Field & Tuer, The Leadenhall -Press, E.C.</p> - -<p class="r"> -[Sixteen-Pence.<br /> -</p></div> - -<p class="nind"><span class="letra">T</span>HE beautiful illustrations have been carefully and separately struck -off direct from the original copper-plates themselves—the only method -of printing by which the minuteness and beauty of the engraved work can -be properly rendered.</p> - -<p>“The choice engravings from the original plates will have a charm of -thousands.”—<i>St. James’s Gazette.</i><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_141" id="page_141">{141}</a></span></p> - -<hr /> - -<p class="cb">MR. ANDREW W. TUER.</p> - -<p class="c">(<i>Dedicated by gracious permission to Her Majesty the Queen.</i>)</p> - -<div class="blockquot"><p><big>The Follies and Fashions of Our Grand-Fathers</big> (1807). Embellished -with Thirty-seven whole-page Plates, including Ladies’ and -Gentlemen’s Dress (hand-coloured and heightened with gold and -silver), Sporting and Coaching Scenes (hand-coloured), Fanciful -Prints, Portraits of Celebrities, etc. (many from original -copper-plates). By <span class="smcap">Andrew W. Tuer</span>, author of “Bartolozzi and his -Works,’ etc. LONDON: Field & Tuer, The Leadenhall Press, E.C.</p> - -<div class="blockquot"><p>Large paper copies, crown 4to, with <i>earliest impressions</i> of the -plates; 250 only, signed and numbered, at Three Guineas.</p> - -<p>Demy 8vo copies at Twenty-five Shillings.</p></div> -</div> - -<p class="nind"><span class="letra">Q</span>UAINT, amusing, dependable, and distinctly covetable. The binding more -than suggests buckskin breeches and needlework samplers: in fact, they -are <i>there</i>. The extra illustrations include many quaint prints of the -period printed direct from the original copper-plates.</p> - -<p>“May at any time be confidently dipped into by readers in search of -quiet diversion.”—<i>Graphic.</i></p> - -<hr /> - -<div class="blockquot"><p><big>1,000 Quaint Cuts from Books of Other Days</big>, including Amusing -Illustrations from Children’s Story Books, Fables, Chap-books, -etc., etc.; a Selection of Pictorial Initial Letters and Curious -Designs and Ornaments, from Original Wooden Blocks belonging to The -Leadenhall Press. LONDON: Field & Tuer, The Leadenhall Press, E.C.</p> - -<p class="r"> -[Sixteen-Pence.<br /> -</p> - -<div class="blockquot"><p class="c">A limited number printed on one side of the paper only at -Two-and-Eightpence.</p></div> -</div> - -<p>“A wonderful collection of entertaining old wood engravings ... any one -of these delights is worth the one-and-fourpence.”—<i>Saturday Review.</i><span class="pagenum"><a name="page_142" id="page_142">{142}</a></span></p> - -<hr /> - -<p class="cb">MR. A. R. COLQUHOUN.</p> - -<div class="blockquot"><p><big>Amongst the Shans: </big>By A. R. <span class="smcap">Colquhoun</span>, F.R.G.S., etc., Author of -“Across Chrysê,” “The Truth about Tonquin,” “The Opening of China,” -“Burma and the Burmans,” &c. With upwards of Fifty Illustrations, -and an Historical Sketch of the Shans by <span class="smcap">Holt S. Hallett</span>, preceded -by an Introduction on the “Cradle of the Shan Race,” by <span class="smcap">Terrien de -Lacouperie</span>. LONDON: Field & Tuer, The Leadenhall Press, E.C.</p> - -<p class="r"> -[Twenty-one Shillings.<br /> -</p></div> - -<p>“Should be read by every English merchant on the look-out for new -markets.”—<i>Globe.</i></p> - -<hr /> - -<p class="cb">MR. JOSEPH CRAWHALL.</p> - -<div class="blockquot"><p><big><span class="smcap">Izaak Walton</span>: his Wallet Book</big>, being the Songs in “<span class="smcap">The Compleat -Angler</span>” newly set forth and Illustrated by <span class="smcap">Joseph Crawhall</span>. -Hand-made paper; vellum bound, with inside humorously lettered -silk-sewn pockets. <i>Edition de luxe</i>, limited and numbered. The -numerous illustrations all separately hand-coloured. LONDON: Field -& Tuer, The Leadenhall Press, E.C.</p> - -<div class="blockquot"><p>[One Guinea (500 Copies only); Large Paper, Two Guineas (100 copies -only).</p></div> - -<p class="nind"><span class="letra">O</span>NE of Mr. Crawhall’s engraved blocks—that is, the boxwood block -itself—is attached as a pendant to a silk bookmarker to <i>each copy of -the large paper edition only</i>.</p></div> - -<hr /> - -<p class="cb">MRS. ALFRED W. HUNT.</p> - -<div class="blockquot"><p><big>Our Grandmothers’ Gowns.</big> By Mrs. <span class="smcap">Alfred W. Hunt.</span> With Twenty-four -Hand-coloured Illustrations, drawn by <span class="smcap">G. R. Halkett.</span> LONDON: Field -& Tuer, The Leadenhall Press, E.C.</p> - -<p class="r"> -[Seven-and-Sixpence.<br /> -</p></div> - -<p class="nind"><span class="letra">M</span>RS. HUNT gives a short history of the dress of the period, in which she -carefully preserves the original descriptions of the plates as given in -contemporary fashion-books.</p> - -<hr /> - -<p class="c">☞ All these books are on sale at <span class="smcap">The Old London Street</span>, 728, Broadway, -New York.</p> - -<div class="footnotes"><p class="cb">FOOTNOTES:</p> - -<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_1_1" id="Footnote_1_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_1_1"><span class="label">[1]</span></a> On the bough.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_2_2" id="Footnote_2_2"></a><a href="#FNanchor_2_2"><span class="label">[2]</span></a> Candlewick.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_3_3" id="Footnote_3_3"></a><a href="#FNanchor_3_3"><span class="label">[3]</span></a> Rushes green.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_4_4" id="Footnote_4_4"></a><a href="#FNanchor_4_4"><span class="label">[4]</span></a> Mr. J. E. Gardner’s collection of prints and drawings -illustrating London, and numbering considerably over 120,000, contains -many fine prints illustrating Old London Cries, including numerous -examples of the alterations here indicated.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_5_5" id="Footnote_5_5"></a><a href="#FNanchor_5_5"><span class="label">[5]</span></a> “The Cries of London:” Copied from rare engravings or drawn -from the life by John Thomas Smith, late Keeper of the Prints in the -British Museum, 1839. On inquiring at the Print Department of the -British Museum for a copy of this work, the attendant knew nothing of -it, and was quite sure the department had no such book. It turned up on -a little pressure, however, but the leaves were uncut.—<i>Les morts vont -vite!</i></p></div> - -<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_6_6" id="Footnote_6_6"></a><a href="#FNanchor_6_6"><span class="label">[6]</span></a> <a href="#APPENDIX">See Appendix.</a></p></div> - -<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_7_7" id="Footnote_7_7"></a><a href="#FNanchor_7_7"><span class="label">[7]</span></a> <a href="#page_125">See page 125.</a></p></div> - -<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_8_8" id="Footnote_8_8"></a><a href="#FNanchor_8_8"><span class="label">[8]</span></a> “The best wigs are those made in Great Britain; they beat -the French and German ones all to sticks.” <i>The Book of Aphorisms</i>, by a -modern Pythagorean, 1834.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_9_9" id="Footnote_9_9"></a><a href="#FNanchor_9_9"><span class="label">[9]</span></a> Francis Grose tells us, in 1796, that some trades have from -time immemorial invoked musical assistance,—such as those of pie, post, -and dust men, who ring a bell. -</p> - -<div class="poetry"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">My bell I keep ringing<br /></span> -<span class="i0">And walk about merrily singing<br /></span> -<span class="i0">My muffins.<br /></span> -</div></div> -</div> - -</div> - -<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_10_10" id="Footnote_10_10"></a><a href="#FNanchor_10_10"><span class="label">[10]</span></a> “Degeneration amongst Londoners.” By James Cantlie, M.A., -M.B., F.R.C.S. One Shilling. The Leadenhall Press, E.C.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_11_11" id="Footnote_11_11"></a><a href="#FNanchor_11_11"><span class="label">[11]</span></a> Hammersmith.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_12_12" id="Footnote_12_12"></a><a href="#FNanchor_12_12"><span class="label">[12]</span></a> <a href="#page_29">See p. 29.</a></p></div> - -</div> -<hr class="full" /> - - - - - - - -<pre> - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Old London Street Cries and the Cries -of To-day, by Andrew W. 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