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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d7b82bc --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +*.txt text eol=lf +*.htm text eol=lf +*.html text eol=lf +*.md text eol=lf diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4e6428e --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #55955 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/55955) diff --git a/old/55955-0.txt b/old/55955-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 05e5276..0000000 --- a/old/55955-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1947 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg EBook of Ports of Entry, by -The Joint Committee of Six: Home Missions Council and Council of Women for Home Missions - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - - - -Title: Ports of Entry - Missionary Herald - -Author: The Joint Committee of Six: Home Missions Council - Council of Women for Home Missions - -Release Date: November 13, 2017 [EBook #55955] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK PORTS OF ENTRY *** - - - - -Produced by ellinora, Larry B. Harrison, and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This -file was produced from images generously made available -by The Internet Archive) - - - - - - - - - -[Illustration] - - PORTS OF ENTRY - MISSIONARY HERALD - - _THE one institution in America - most gravely concerned with the - coming and staying of the Immigrant - is the Protestant Church_ - - _EDWARD A. STEINER_ - - - - - Ports of Entry - Missionary Herald - - ISSUED BY - The Joint Committee of Six - REPRESENTING - THE HOME MISSIONS COUNCIL - AND - THE COUNCIL OF WOMEN FOR HOME MISSIONS - Room 713, 156 Fifth Avenue, New York - - - - -[Illustration] - -THE HOME MISSIONS COUNCIL - - Representing Thirteen Evangelical Denominations Through - Thirty-three Societies Engaged in Home Mission Service - - _Chairman_, - REV. CHARLES L. THOMPSON, D.D., - 156 Fifth Avenue, New York - - _Executive Committee_ - S. L. MORRIS, D.D. - CHARLES H. BECK, D.D. - A. S. LLOYD, D.D. - C. WHITNEY, D.D. - WILLIAM T. DEMAREST - R. A. HUTCHISON, D.D. - GRANT K. LEWIS - H. L. MOREHOUSE, D.D. - R. D. LORD, D.D. - C. E. SCHAEFFER, D.D. - J. C. KUNZMANN, D.D. - H. C. HERRING, D.D. - JOHN M. MOORE, D.D. - - -COUNCIL OF WOMEN FOR HOME MISSIONS - - Representing Seventeen Constituent Corresponding and Consulting - Boards and Societies Engaged in Home Mission Service - - _President_, - MRS. GEORGE W. COLEMAN, - 177 West Brookline Street, Boston, Mass. - - - _Executive Committee_ - MRS. FRED SMITH BENNETT - MRS. CHARLES L. FRY - MISS FLORENCE E. FELLOWE - MISS MAY LEONARD WOODRUFF - MRS. R. W. MACDONNELL - MRS. W. C. WINSBOROUGH - MRS. WILLIAM S. COOK - MISS ELIZABETH B. VERMILYE - MRS. F. W. WILCOX - MRS. P. F. JEROME - MRS. JOHN S. ALLEN - MRS. MARY FISK PARK - MRS. D. E. WAID - MRS. LAURA GEROULD CRAIG - MRS. O. R. JUDD - MRS. P. M. ROSSMAN - MRS. CHARLES F. CHASE - -[Illustration] - - -THE HOME MISSIONS COUNCIL - -Committee on Immigrant Work - - _Chairman_, - REV. WILLIAM P. SHRIVER, - 156 Fifth Avenue, New York - - F. D. BOVARD, D.D. - REV. R. L. BREED - REV. C. A. BROOKS - A. S. HARTMAN, D.D. - E. H. RAWLINGS, D.D. - C. E. SCHAEFFER, D.D. - F. H. WRIGHT, D.D. - - _Secretary_, - REV. JOSEPH E. PERRY, PH.D. - - -COUNCIL OF WOMEN FOR HOME MISSIONS - -Committee on Home Mission Interests Among Immigrants - - _Chairman_, - MRS. P. M. ROSSMAN, - 203 West 85th Street, New York - - MRS. DAVID W. SMITH - MRS. GEORGE C. MOOR - MRS. F. W. WILCOX - MRS. J. A. LEWIS - MRS. D. J. SCHNEIDER - MRS. HELEN MCMILLIN - MRS. J. F. HARTMAN - MISS LAURA SWOPE - MISS LAURA V. KECK - MRS. MARY FISK PARK - MRS. D. B. STREET - MRS. T. J. COPELAND - MISS BELLE BENNETT - MISS ANNA HYATT - MISS E. G. LONG - MRS. E. H. MAYNARD - MRS. F. V. GREEN - MRS. C. W. BURNS - MRS. W. M. NICHOL - MRS. WM. ROWLAND - MRS. JOSEPH MCLESTER - MRS. H. M. BREMER - - -Represented in the -PORTS OF ENTRY MISSIONARY WORK -by the -Joint Committee of Six - - REV. WILLIAM P. SHRIVER - REV. REUBEN L. BREED - REV. CHARLES A. BROOKS - MRS. P. M. ROSSMAN - MRS. F. W. WILCOX - MISS EDITH GRIER LONG - - _Secretary_, - REV. JOSEPH E. PERRY, PH.D. - -[Illustration: AT THE RAILROAD TICKET OFFICE, ELLIS ISLAND] - - - - -Ports of Entry - - -Scarcely any other three words form a phrase freighted with meaning -so vital to our national life. Here is the convergence of streams of -humanity flowing from the ends of the world. Through these gateways -more than 33,000,000 aliens have come to our shores. Much that they -have brought has been antagonistic to the spirit and purpose of our -institutions, but their great contribution has been the world's wealth -of physical strength, intellectual power, spiritual vigor, religious -fervor and the incarnation of the yearning passion of the soul for -liberty and life. It is our duty to recognize the value of their -offering in terms of manhood and womanhood and not merely in terms of -finance and business, and to so discharge the responsibility involved -in opening our gates, as to help them to properly appreciate their -privilege and opportunity, and to make possible the realization of -their ideals. - -Dr. Steiner says, "It is a big task, the biggest and most difficult and -yet most rewarding task the Church has to face." - - -The Immigrant's Welcome - -The Federal authorities endeavor to receive the immigrant with a -genuinely humane welcome. Some of our ports have not buildings properly -equipped for receiving and examining immigrants and caring for the -detained. Occasionally there are rumors of instances of harsh treatment -on the part of the Government. For some of these there is doubtless -occasion, but one who has the opportunity to see the Ports of Entry -service in all its phases through a series of months, will be convinced -that honesty, carefulness and kindness characterize the method and -manner of the Government officials and employees, and that nowhere else -is the immigrant received more humanely and treated more kindly and -courteously than at our Ports of Entry. - -Dr. Frederic C. Howe, Commissioner of Immigration at the Port of New -York, recently said, "Ellis Island is public property and those of us -who are over there are public servants. We have made provisions at -Ellis Island so that every man, woman or child in the United States -can participate in its administration. We did that through inviting -suggestions, criticisms, complaints. We believe the best curative -of disease is sunlight, and the sunlight that we are aiming to turn -on Ellis Island is the sunlight of as many human eyes as will turn -themselves on that station with their suggestions or complaints. I -invite you to come to Ellis Island, to see the station and to examine -it, to meet your friends and to aid the six hundred men over there in -the Government employ in making Ellis Island a place we all love." - - -Our Missionaries - -No part of the immigrant welcome service is more important than that -which is done by the missionaries. Their purpose is primarily to carry -the gospel story of salvation and good cheer. "Behold, I bring you glad -tidings of great joy" is the message of the Ports of Entry missionary. -This work, however, combines regard for spiritual life and material -welfare. It must be humanitarian and philanthropic service of a very -practical sort. It is the cup of water "In His name" given with the -personal touch of one of His disciples. - -On page 18 will be found a list of other Societies and Organizations -engaged in this immigrant welcome service. - - -The Home Missions Council -and -Council of Women for Home Missions - -At the annual meeting, January 12, 1915, the Committee on Immigrant -Work reported—"We are confirmed by Dr. Selden's brief study and by all -that we have seen and heard during the year in the opinion expressed in -our last report, as follows: - -"If the Council desires to do the far-visioned thing, based on the -broad and stable principles which should govern the King's business, -let it lay hands upon the strongest available man and put him at -the task of inquiry, of leadership, of unification, of inspiration, -beginning at the =port of entry= and gradually extending his knowledge -and influence until he stands at the center of the whole field of our -service in alien tongues." - -"We do not, however, venture at this time to suggest a program so -elaborate nor a task so comprehensive for the Council's representative. -We review in effect our recommendation of last year that the Council -proceed conservatively and that effort for the coming year be limited -in the main to the _ports of entry_. The relatively small volume of -immigration now coming in, while making less immediate demands upon us, -affords peculiar advantages for study of the problems involved, for -conference with Government officials, and for development, readjustment -and organization of the missionary force. At the end of a year of -inquiry and effort along these lines, having all the time in view the -larger field of our work across the country, your Committee hopes to -be able to report substantial progress and to suggest how further to -profit by the ground gained in the inquiries of last year and the year -to come." - -"Your Committee is glad to be able to announce that the Council of Women -for Home Missions has been increasingly interested in the matter under -discussion and has recommended to its constituent bodies that they -assume one-third of the expense of any plan adopted for the coming year." - -At this meeting the following recommendation of the Business Committee -was adopted, "That the Council, in cooperation with the Council of -Women for Home Missions, ask the Rev. Joseph E. Perry, Ph.D., to act -as representative of the two Councils at ports of entry, for the year -beginning January 15, 1915." - -The task of directing the work of the representative of the two -Councils at the Ports of Entry was given to a "Committee of Six" -composed of three persons chosen from the "Immigrant Work Committee" of -the Home Missions Council, and three from the "Committee of Missionary -Interests Among the Immigrants" of the Council of Women. - -In accordance with the policy and program proposed by the "Committee -of Six" the time of the secretary was spent mainly in touch with the -missionary work and workers at the Ports of Entry in Philadelphia, -Boston and Ellis Island. Conferences were held with representatives -of the Federal Government and agents and workers of various societies -working with the Immigrant, including the Commissioners and Assistant -Commissioners at the Ports mentioned, Mr. Green of the Federal -Information Bureau, representatives of the Y. M. C. A., and Y. W. C. A. -City and International Committees, the W. C. T. U., the Committee for -Immigrants of America, the North American Civic League, the Travelers' -Aid, the Immigrant Guide and Transfer Agency, and with missionaries -working at these Ports. - -These interviews and conferences revealed: - -1. The fact that organization and cooperation in this work is almost -universally regarded as essential to the permanent establishment of any -large service for the Immigrant, and especially is this true of the -missionary work. It is quite generally regarded that lack of system -is a great hindrance to the comprehensive effectiveness of this very -important phase of the service rendered for the arriving Immigrant. - -2. All other Societies and Agencies have rather definitely systematized -their work. This fact appeals to the Government officials and enables -these Societies to have recognition and consideration by Federal and -Municipal authorities and other agencies interested in the formation of -any comprehensive scheme for the protection of the Immigrant. - -3. In every Port the officials bear fine testimony to the very useful -service rendered by the Christian missionaries. But even so their -estimate is based on the =social= and =humanitarian= side of the work, -and not on the =spiritual= phase of their service. - -4. If the Christian missionaries and the religious workers were -withdrawn from this service at the Ports of Entry, it would be like -withdrawing the sun from the heavens. - -The activities involved in this service are as varied as the duties of -a missionary in any other field of work. They must clothe the naked, -visit the sick, comfort the sorrowing, cheer the despondent, give -courage to the hesitating, frightened stranger, care for the dying, and -sometimes minister at the burial service. They read to the illiterate, -write letters and supply papers and literature. Indeed, they must -be voice, ears, hands and feet; even heart and soul to hundreds and -thousands of these children from the old world, now babes in a new life. - -The true spirit of harmony, brotherly kindness, and heart sympathy -filled with the spirit of power of Christian love, characterizes their -work. Nothing else could fulfil its mission. It is also very evident -that the full potential value of this work has not yet been actualized. -This part of the missionary service of the Christian Church may be made -a much more forceful and fruitful agency in the work of the Kingdom. -It ought to be a source and center of greater power in the =Home -missionary= work of our entire country, and can be made an agency of -power in our =Foreign missionary= work. To realize the full measure -of the possible power and usefulness of this branch of missionary -work, is the central purpose of our task. To accomplish this purpose -it was evident that our missionary work should be organized in some -comprehensive and definite scheme that would unite practically all the -religious forces and represent to the immigrant the heart and spirit -of American Christian sentiment, and that would combine in a practical -way the work of all Ports of Entry, and also vitally relate this work -to all immigrant work inland, aiding and being supplemented by such -work. In this way also our missionary work could be related readily to -all civic and philanthropic immigrant work in any city or community. -The adoption of such plan, because of its being interdenominational -in principle and having unselfish ideals, and being practical and -comprehensive in its working, would commend itself to the Federal, -Civic and Municipal Government authorities. It will commend itself also -to the religious communities and societies for the same reasons, and -also because of a possible lessening of expense, and of securing larger -and more permanent results for the effort and money expended. - -A plan of organization was presented by the secretary to the Committee -of Six, which was adopted by them and referred to the missionaries at -Ellis Island for their consideration. This proposition provided for -the appointment of certain committees on the different departments of -the missionary work, and for conferences of workers and for relating -the work to that of other Ports of Entry, and for uniting the port -missionary work to the missionary work inland. - - - - -[Illustration] - -Ellis Island - - -The center of the year's work has been Ellis Island, the great home -and foreign mission field, in area covering a few acres, in influence -compassing the entire world. Any one with ability to "sense" a -condition standing at Ellis Island feels himself to be not at the "hub -of the universe," but at the heart of the world, through which are -circulating the life currents of the old world and the new. More than -one-half of those coming to our shores enter by this gateway. Here is -the beginning of the preparation of this great mass of humanity for the -process of assimilation into the American spirit and life. - -The missionaries at Ellis Island adopted the plan of organization -approved by the Committee of Six, and appointed the committees provided -for. The operation of this plan has been very satisfactory considering -all that is involved. The Committees are organized and reports from -some of them are given in the following pages. - -There are now twenty-five missionaries and workers representing the -Boards and Societies federated with the two Councils, and other -Societies cooperating in the work of federating the religious forces -in this branch of missionary service. The field of service and the -activities of the missionaries at Ellis Island is typical of all Ports -of Entry missionary work. - -The field of this ministry is: - -(a) The railroad rooms. Here quick work must be done. It is just touch -and go. The missionaries of our Societies, the American Tract Society, -the New York Bible Society, the Y. M. C. A., Y. W. C. A., W. C. T. U., -and kindred agencies do most excellent service. - -(b) Among the detained Immigrants. This is a field of varied service -and is perhaps the place of greatest opportunity for our missionaries -and is specifically their field. - -(c) The hospital. This is a very important part of the work for, and -with, those who are detained. Of course, there is need of temporal -relief and comforts, but here especially there are times when no one -can minister except one who brings spiritual comfort and the cheer of -the love of God. - - -Missionary Activities - -The missionaries at our Ports meet and aid representatives of the -following nationalities, viz.: English, Irish, Scotch, Welsh, French, -Swiss, German, Dutch, Belgian, Hebrews of various nations, Swedish, -Norwegian, Danish, Finnish, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, Austrian, -Greek, Turkish, Armenian, Bulgarian, Servian, Roumanian, Albanian, -Hungarian, Bohemian, Croatian, Slovenian, Ruthenian, Lithuanian, -Russian, Polish, Mexican, Cuban, and other West Indian, Panamanian, -Venezuelan, Columbian, Argentinian, Australian, Maltese, West African, -Egyptian, Syrian, Persian, Hindu, Chaldean, Chinese, Japanese, and -Korean,—in all, 52. - -Visitors to Ellis Island often ask, "Just what do the missionaries do?" -The Rev. Eliot White, Port Chaplain of the Protestant Episcopal City -Mission Society, gives the following answer to this query: - -We meet those newly coming from the ocean steamers to Ellis Island, -and less frequently, second-cabin passengers at the docks. We aid them -through the Immigration Station in many ways, with tickets, trunks and -hand baggage, with food, sometimes getting milk heated for a baby, -or "minding" little children while parents look for their trunks; -telegraph or telephone to relatives or friends, give information of -many sorts, expediting the progress through the day's ordeals of those -fortunate enough to pass without detention. - -As for those who are detained and designated for "special inquiry," -our duties in their behalf are more complicated and often difficult -and sad. Appeals must be written in many cases. Where the exclusion is -mandatory, we have special opportunity for the specifically pastoral -and consolatory offices in presence of bitter disappointment and -sometimes heart-broken sorrow. Many are the physical needs also, of -the detained, and those to be deported; indeed, the only limitation -on service of this sort is the worker's time and strength. There is -clothing to supply for those sometimes wretchedly clad, and even -barefooted on the cold stone floors, and there are errands to run -for many a humble requirement. Then there is the often sad office -of messenger between the sick in the immigrant hospital and their -relatives detained on the main island, and sometimes a burial to -conduct when the entrance to the land of hope has been shadowed by -some dear one's death. For some time after they have left Ellis Island, -we maintain a "follow-up" correspondence with many whom we meet. - - -Ellis Island Committees - - 1. Committee on Literature. Mr. Charles Carrol, Rev. G. J. - D'Anchise, Miss Martha Troeck, Miss Teresa Fransee. - - 2. Detained Immigrants. Rev. P. D. Vassileff, Miss A. E. Matthews, - Mrs. Athena Marmaroff. - - 3. Clothing and Supplies. Rev. P. H. Land, Mr. Marmaroff, Miss - Fransee, Miss Brys. - - 4. Hospitals. Miss Martha Troeck, Mrs. Tripp, Mr. D'Anchise. - - 5. Appeals. Rev. Eliot White, Rev. P. H. Land, Mr. Carbonetto, Mrs. - Conversano. - - 6. Follow-up Committee. Dr. Perry representing the Committee of - Six, Rev. P. D. Vassileff, Mrs. Conversano, Mrs. Tripp. - - 7. Religious Meetings and Entertainment. Mr. Charles Carrol, Rev. - P. H. Land, Rev. Eliot White, Rev. P. D. Vassileff, Mr. Carbonetto, - Mrs. Conversano, Miss Matthews, Miss Fransee. - - -The Literature Committee - -I. ORGANIZATION: - -At a meeting held on June 29, 1915, the following resolutions were -adopted: (1) The general distribution in the Railroad rooms should be -left to the New York Bible Society and the American Tract Society, -except in cases where missionaries are especially interested. (2) -The present methods of distribution in hospitals and detention rooms -are approved. (3) The literature distributed in general should be -interdenominational and not of a proselyting nature. (4) The New -York Bible Society and the American Tract Society are requested to -supply missionaries with literature for distribution in hospitals and -detention rooms. (5) The Home Missions Council is requested to supply -special tracts for young men and young women with advice for immigrants -in general. (6) The Home Missions Council is requested to supply the -detained immigrants with daily papers, periodicals and if possible with -library books. - -II. THE DUTY OF THE COMMITTEE: - -(1) To see that the literature distributed is suitable. (2) If special -kind of literature is needed to outline its character. (3) To see -that immigrants, both outgoing and detained, are supplied with needed -literature. (4) To see that the literature distributed is evangelical -and undenominational. - -III. LITERATURE IS DISTRIBUTED: - -(1) In the Railroad Rooms. (2) In the Detention Rooms, where immigrants -are detained in large numbers, sometimes for months. (3) In the -hospitals, where many immigrants are detained and literature is most -welcome. - - CHARLES A. CARROL, - Chairman of the Committee. - - -The Clothing of the Immigrants -at Ellis Island, N. Y. - -One of the most important items in the work of the missionaries at -Ellis Island is the work of providing suitable clothing and shoes for -the many aliens detained at the Island. Only by strict adherence to -certain principles can the work be a real success. The first of these -principles is: Never give an alien that which is beneath his dignity -to wear or to use. This may sound strange, but is nevertheless very -important. All the aliens, except stowaways and warrant cases, bring -their wearing apparel with them. Stowaways are as a rule not very -particular. Warrant cases, since they have been in this country and -know how to dress, are quite particular. The average alien will not -look with favor upon any person who offers him a garment which is worn -out, or which he would be ashamed to wear at home. There are other -difficulties. Some of the aliens will not accept for instance an old -lady's overcoat which was worn 20 years ago. Of such we receive quite -an overwhelming number. Others cling strongly to their home fashions -and will only accept such things as in some manner correspond to their -accustomed styles. The second principle is: to give only to the really -needy. Caution is necessary. Some immigrants are greedy, they accept -everything which is offered, put it into their hampers, and keep on -wearing their old worn-out duds in the hope of receiving still more -gifts. _Another_ principle is to try and _fit_ the alien as well as -possible. If the coat or shoes fit him, he will wear them with pleasure -and will not feel ridiculous among his fellows. - -_Another_ principle is to study the social training and tastes of the -immigrants and if they need clothes give such things as will make -their appearance more respectable. One of the purposes of the clothes -department is: to have the alien appear before the Board of Special -Inquiry as neat and respectable looking as possible, so that he may be -judged as he would look under ordinary circumstances, not as he arrives -after a lengthy trip in the steerage. _Another_ principle is: not to -overlap. Where there is a number of missionaries there is always the -danger of overlapping in the distribution of gifts. - -At Ellis Island a clothes room of moderate proportions is in use. It -is divided into sections, and clothes are kept separately for men, -women, and children. Shoes and other things have their proper places. -A great deal of valuable time is consumed in sorting out the things -which are utterly unfit to give away. We cannot insist too strongly -upon the necessity of not sending things which are useless, worn out, -or ridiculous. The average alien has a great deal more knowledge and -taste than he is credited with by the donors in various churches. -Shoes and clothes ought to be at least in good repair. It would be far -better to send fewer and better things, than to send great boxes of -indifferent material. - -_The greatest needs._ Underwear, suitable to the season of year, shoes -of large proportions, men's overcoats, socks and stockings for all, -infants' outfits for the newly born, and children's clothes are always -welcome and appreciated. Also a lot of other things seldom received, -garters, suspenders, toilet articles, such as combs, finecombs, shaving -mugs, brushes, etc. All these things are needed every day. The most -essential principle of all this work, however, is for the missionary to -put heart into it, and not to let the recipient feel that the work is -done perfunctorily or with aversion. The missionary sometimes must even -show how to make use of the gift and must see to it that the clothes -are actually worn, etc. It is a blessed work if properly done. - - REV. P. H. LAND, - Chairman of the Committee. - - -Missionary Work in the Immigrant Hospital, -Ellis Island - -The daily visits of the missionaries in the hospital wards on Ellis -Island have proved a great blessing and a help to the immigrants. We -are also in various ways helpful to the doctors and nurses in their -attentions to the patients, and very often act as an interpreter. -The missionaries are particularly responsible for those people in -whose languages they are able to converse. They visit these daily, if -possible or advisable, but they also pay attention by little gifts and -sympathy to the other patients in the ward, and by doing so become -friends to everybody. Our first object in visiting new arrivals is to -let them know that the relatives who traveled with them on the same -ship are waiting for them in the large Immigration Detention Rooms and -will not leave before the sick one is discharged from the hospital. -This is always welcome news, for most all the poor, helpless patients -seem to be under the impression that their friends have left them -when separated from them by the doctors. After a little explanation -and comforting words, we leave (if advisable) some good literature -with them and promise soon to call again and bring greetings from -their loved ones. As they see us talking to other patients, they find -confidence and take courage among the strangers, and wait anxiously our -return. We visit all the wards in the hospital except the contagious -hospital, where the missionaries are allowed only by special permission -from the Superintendent or doctors. The missionaries are called upon -to supply the patients with the most necessary articles of clothing to -those discharged from the hospital, and also to supply many children -and adults with shoes and stockings when under treatment for trachoma -or any other disease, which does not confine the patients to the bed. -They furnish the outfit for new-born infants for which the mothers -had no chance to provide, or were too poor to do so. We bring tags, -picture books, dolls and other little gifts to the sick and lonesome -children. To the adults we carry newspapers and magazines in different -languages, books, gospels and tracts. On Christmas we place trees in -the different wards and give appropriate presents to all the patients. -The missionaries communicate with the relatives or friends of the sick -aliens. In case of death they assist in every way possible. Pastors -often officiate at the funeral services. - - MARTHA M. TROECK, - Chairman of Hospital Committee. - - -Committee on Appeals and Petitions - -When a case is excluded at Ellis Island an appeal is allowed to the -Secretary of Labor in Washington, as a higher "court," except when the -exclusion is because of certain contagious disease, mental inferiority -and the like. - -The missionaries at Ellis Island not infrequently write the appeals, -endeavoring to bring out points in the cases which strengthen the -appellants' cause. - -They also make petitions for hospital treatment for such unappealable -cases as sufferers from trachoma, hookworm, etc. This treatment, if -allowed by the Secretary of Labor, is at the expense of the aliens' -relatives. If the afflicted person is cured, he or she is, if otherwise -eligible to land, admitted to the country. - - ELIOT WHITE, - For the Committee. - -In the complete working out of this plan the proper method will be -for any missionary wishing to file an appeal, to confer with this -Committee, and especially so before making an appeal to the Secretary -of Labor in Washington. In some instances at least, this will be a -protection for the missionary against unwise petitions of friends and -relatives. - - -Follow-up Committee - -This Committee is to be the connecting link between the Ports of Entry -and the inland work. The missionaries fill out blanks, giving the name -and destination of the arriving immigrant. These blanks are given to -the Follow-up Committee and duplicates with a letter are forwarded to -a pastor or worker in the place of the immigrant's destination with -a request that the family be visited, and a reply sent on the postal -card enclosed with the letter. In this short period 198 names have been -forwarded. It is, however, too soon to measure the value of this work. - - MRS. MARIE CONVERSANO, - For the Committee. - -The effectiveness of the work of this Committee necessitates having a -list of pastors and workers in the entire country. This will be greatly -simplified by the appointment of local interdenominational committees -such as have been appointed in several towns and cities. It can be made -a most important force in correlating the work of the different Ports -of Entry, and strengthening our inland missionary work. - - -Committee of Religious Services - -Commissioner Howe having given his consent to the holding of Religious -Services, five of these were conducted in the spring and summer of 1915, -under the auspices of the missionaries representing the Congregational, -Episcopal, Lutheran, Methodist, and Presbyterian Churches. - -At present the best available hour on Sundays (2.30 to 3.30 p.m.) is -occupied usually by a concert, so that the services have been somewhat -interfered with. It is hoped, however, soon to meet this difficulty. - - E. WHITE, - For the Committee. - -This year frequently the missionaries have met once a week in a prayer -service. During the year weekly entertainments have been given with a -moving picture outfit provided by the Committee of Six for the detained -immigrants. - - -Other Societies Working at Ellis Island -The New York Bible Society - -At Ellis Island our missionaries aim to make it possible for each -immigrant to obtain a copy of the Scriptures in his own language. Mr. -Jackson has been engaged in this work for over thirty-six years. - - -Mr. Lodsin is familiar with the language and customs of the Lettish, -Russian, and Polish people. - -At Ellis Island during the year 629 Bibles, 3,047 New Testaments, and -27,510 portions of the Scriptures were distributed. - - -American Tract Society - -During the current year at Ellis Island, the American Tract Society has -distributed Christian literature in twenty-nine different languages, -and a total of 150,270 volumes, booklets, tracts and periodicals. The -number of immigrants visited totals 386,595. - -[Illustration: MR. ERNEST JACKSON, MISSIONARY OF THE NEW YORK BIBLE -SOCIETY AT ELLIS ISLAND FOR MORE THAN THIRTY-SIX YEARS] - - -Young Men's Christian Association - -Five port secretaries in America serve the thousands still coming. In -Ellis Island, during the year, 7,807 men were helped; 4,302 were given -introductions to inland Associations; 1,644 were tied up to relatives -and friends, and 250 appeals were made in behalf of the detained. -Similar services were rendered men landing in New York, Philadelphia, -Boston and San Francisco. The Association has this year found -exceptional opportunities for service among men who could neither land -nor leave. Port secretaries have assumed the responsibility of landing -many of these people, found them employment, and reported regularly to -the Immigration Commissioner concerning them. - -The Young Women's Christian Association have two workers, one for the -New York branch office, and one for the national office. These are not -engaged in strictly missionary work. The New York branch frequently -sends some of its foreign-speaking workers to Ellis Island for special -services. Plans for still greater national and international service -may be formulated and adopted. - - -The W. C. T. U. - -Mrs. Athena Marmaroff, missionary at Ellis Island, is under appointment -by the National W. C. T. U., though the administration of the work is -placed in the hands of New York State. Mrs. Marmaroff was educated at a -Congregational Mission School in Monastir, Turkey. She speaks all the -languages of the Balkan States. - -Mrs. Marmaroff works among Greeks, Roumanians, Bulgarians, Montenegrins -and immigrants from other Balkan States. Her work is especially for -women and children. During the month of October, 1915, she gave out -3,500 tracts, 150 papers, one Bible, nine Testaments, and 65 Gospels. - - -The various Hebrew Societies are excellently organized for doing most -effective service. - - -The Report of Committee on United States -Immigration Stations - -To the Board of Directors of the _Hebrew Sheltering and Immigrant Aid -Society of America_: - -Your Committee is, under our Constitution, in "charge of all matters -pertaining to the relation of the Society with the Federal Immigration -authorities" and "the work of the Society at the various Immigration -Stations." - -Accordingly we have during the year kept in close touch, not only with -our Ellis Island Bureau but also with the work at the Immigration -Stations of Boston, Philadelphia and Baltimore, conducted by our -affiliated organizations at those ports. - -The bond of harmony which now exists between the workers at the various -ports has been firmly cemented during the year, a fact which has -resulted in great benefit to the Jewish Immigrants who sought admission -at these ports. - - -Societies at Work at Ellis Island - -From the point of view of effecting some definitely organized plan of -cooperation among the various agencies at work at Ellis Island, these -agencies fall into four groups: - -1. NATIONAL AND PHILANTHROPIC SOCIETIES: Of which there are eleven, -accredited with ten missionaries. These include such societies as -the Polish National Alliance, the Slavonic Immigrant Society, the -Travelers' Aid Society, the Austrian Society of New York, etc. - -2. JEWISH SOCIETIES: Three accredited with three workers. The burden of -this work falls upon the Hebrew Sheltering and Aid Society, which has -six regular workers. - -3. CATHOLIC SOCIETIES: Of which there are four, accredited with eight -workers, including five priests. Italian immigrants are particularly -cared for under this group by the St. Rafael's Society. - -4. PROTESTANT CHRISTIAN AGENCIES: - - _Women's Baptist Home Mission Society_ - - Missionaries: Miss Martha M. Troeck - Mrs. Marie C. Conversano - - _Congregational Home Missionary Society_ - - Missionary: Rev. P. D. Vassileff - - _New York City Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church_ - - Missionary: Rev. Charles Samuelson - - _Methodist Woman's Home Missionary Society_ - - Missionaries: Miss A. E. Mathews - Immigrant Home: Miss Ellen Stenman - - _Woman's Board of Home Missions, Presbyterian Church, U. S. A._ - - Missionary: Miss Teresa Fransee - - _Protestant Episcopal City Mission Society_ - - Missionaries: Rev. Elliot White - Rev. G. J. D'Anchise - - _Board of Domestic Missions of the Reformed Church in America_ - - Missionary: Rev. Sidney Zandstra - - _Board of Home Missions, Reformed Church in the United States_ - - Missionary: Rev. P. H. Land - - _The Lutheran Emigrant House Association_ (_German_) (Connected - with the Lutheran General Council), 21 Pearl Street, New York City. - - Missionaries: Rev. Fritz O. Evers, Supt. - Mr. Adolph Metshone - - _Swedish Lutheran Immigrant Home_ (Connected with the Lutheran - General Council) - -5 Water Street, Missionary Supt., Rev. Axel C. H. Helander. - - _Danish Evangelical Lutheran Church in America_ (united) - - 410 Grand Avenue, Kenosha, Wis. - Missionary: Rev. J. J. Kildsig - 193 9th Street, Brooklyn - Missionary: Rev. R. Andersen - - _German Evangelical Lutheran Synod_ (Lutheran Immigrant Society) - - 8 State Street, New York City - Missionary: Rev. C. H. Restin, Supt. - - _Norwegian Lutheran Church of America, United_ - - Missionary: Rev. T. Aug. Tillehei - - _Swedish Evangelical Mission Covenant of America_ - - Missionary: Rev. P. Peterson - - _Young Men's Christian Association: The International Committee_ - - Workers: Rev. J. D. Marmaroff - Mr. A. Carbonetto - - _Young Women's Christian Association: National Board_ - - Miss Mabel Cratty, Gen'l Sec'y - 600 Lexington Avenue, New York City - Worker: Miss Adelaide Currie - - _Women's Christian Temperance Union_ - - Worker: Mrs. Athena Marmaroff - - _American Tract Society, New York City_ - - Missionary: Mr. Charles Carrol - - _New York Bible Society_ - - Missionaries: Mr. Ernest Jackson - Rev. Michael Lodsin - - -[Illustration] - -Christmas Celebration -for the Immigrants at Ellis Island, New York -Thursday, December 23, 1915 -PROGRAMME - - Overture Salvation Army Band - 1. Hymn—"America" - 2. Invocation Rev. Dr. Elliot White - 3. Christmas Song Played by the Band - 4. Greeting Commissioner Howe - 5. Christmas Greeting (in Italian) Rev. J. Moretto - 6. Christmas Greeting (in Spanish) Rev. G. J. D'Anchise - 7. Song Polish Children's Choir - 8. Christmas Greeting (in Greek) Rev. J. D. Marmaroff - 9. Christmas Greeting (in Russian) Rev. P. D. Vassileff - 10. Song Bohemian Children's Choir - 11. Christmas Greeting (in Swedish) - 12. Duet Capt. Toft and Dr. Leidzen - 13. Christmas Greeting (in German) Rev. Paul Land - 14. Fantasie Played by Salvation Army Band - 15. Address (in English) Rev. Dr. C. P. Tinker - 16. Hymn—"All Hail the Power of Jesus' Name" - 17. Remarks and benediction by the chairman Rev. Paul Land - Doxology - - - - -Boston Port of Entry - - -Boston is the headquarters for the District No. 2, including Portland, -Maine, Providence, R. I., New Bedford and Fall River. The immigrant -station in Boston is not at all adequate to the needs. - -The Commissioner General of Immigration in his report of 1912 quotes -from the report of the Commissioner of Immigration at Boston for 1912 -as follows: "We are continuing to make the best of the very limited -quarters which are occupied as an immigration station in Boston. An -effort is made, however, to counterbalance the inadequate conditions -by insistence upon the highest standard of care and cleanliness. The -conditions at Portland and New Bedford are probably as good as can be -expected under the existing circumstances. There is almost a total lack -of proper inspection facilities at the growing port of Providence." - -In some respects the ports of Boston and Ellis Island are quite closely -related. The Massachusetts Immigration Commission found that the -conditions at the boats from Boston to New York were very bad indeed. -These have been remedied to some extent. This, however, is a very -important matter and should have further consideration. - -During the past ten years the yearly average number of immigrants -arriving in Massachusetts has been 73,383. - -Seventeen missionary societies and other organizations have eighteen to -twenty workers at this port. - -An Immigrant Girls' Home is maintained in East Boston by the Methodist -Episcopal Church. This building is well equipped and adequately -furnished for its purpose. There are accommodations for lodging about -forty-five women and thirty to forty men and a few rooms are provided -for families. The Home is located near the wharf of the Cunard Line. - -Mrs. A. C. Clark, the superintendent, has been engaged in this work at -the Boston port for twenty-seven years. She and Miss Bridgman of the Y. -W. C. A., and Miss Brown of the Woman's Baptist Home Mission Society, -have been working several years at this port and are highly commended -by the authorities for their excellent service. - -The Y. M. C. A. has been doing in Boston work corresponding to that of -the Travelers' Aid Society. Representatives of the Y. M. C. A. under -the direction of Dr. Tupper are also working at this port. - -Excellent work is being done here also by the representatives of other -societies. Here as elsewhere the work, however, is almost wholly -unrelated to the conditions that obtain in New England, and indeed -in the immediate vicinity of the entry stations. The workers are now -considering a plan for organizing their work similar to that adopted by -the missionaries at Ellis Island. It seems now to be a very opportune -time to effect a good organization for the port work in New England. - -The entire field of this district presents some problems that can, -without doubt, be finally solved and the proper solution of which would -result in very large gain in the work among the immigrants in the -entire New England region. - -[Illustration: METHODIST EPISCOPAL IMMIGRANT GIRLS' HOME, EAST BOSTON, -MASS.] - - -Missionaries and Workers at the Boston -Immigration Station - - Methodist Episcopal Immigrants' Home, Marginal Street, East Boston. - In charge of Mrs. A. C. Clark. - - Baptist Home Missionary Society, by Miss Mathilda Brown. - - Congregational Missionary Society, Rev. Oscar Lindergren. - - Swedish Home, Sailors' Boarding House, 111 Webster Street, East - Boston. - - Swedish Lutheran Society, Rev. A. F. Seastrand. Home, Boarding - House for Sailors, Henry Street, East Boston. - - Norwegian-Danish Home, 46 Cedar Street, Roxbury. - - Rev. C. F. Wurl, a German and Scandinavian worker in connection - with his church in East Boston. - - Young Men's Christian Association, Mr. M. G. Tupper. - - Young Women's Christian Association, Miss Bridgman. - - Travelers' Aid, Miss Ogilvie. - - Salvation Army, 8 East Brookline Street, Boston. - - North American Civic League, two to four workers. - - Council of Jewish Women, Mrs. Sternberg. - - Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society, Abram Alpert. - - St. Vincent de Paul Society, office, Chardon Street, Boston. Miss - Hayes among English speaking peoples and Mrs. Haberstroh among - German speaking aliens. (Grey Nuns.) - - Polish National Alliance Immigration Aid Society. By John - Romaszkiewicz. - - Boston Italian Immigrant Society, Boston. Under direction of Miss - Eleanor Colleton and Miss Cardolino. - -[Illustration] - - - - -Philadelphia Port of Entry - - -IMMIGRATION STATION - -There are two stations for landing the immigrants, one at the foot of -Washington Street; the other at the foot of Vine Street. Immigrants -are examined at these two stations. Those who are detained for any -reason are taken by boat to Gloucester City where the new station has -been built. In Gloucester they have a very well-equipped building with -offices for administration, sleeping rooms for detained immigrants, -dining room and small rooms for special hospital cases. Until the new -hospital is built, most of the hospital patients are sent to different -hospitals in the city. There is also here a pier containing three acres -on which is to be built a Receiving Station to allow all immigrants to -be examined at Gloucester. The equipment of the building at Gloucester -in every particular is modern and of the very best. The dining room -especially, is fitted up in the very best approved style; it is large -enough to allow two hundred to eat at one time. The walls and floor are -cement; the tables and seats are metal, so that the entire room can be -washed out with hose, as the floor slopes toward a drain in which is -carried off all the water. - - -Missionaries and Workers - -Twenty different societies are represented at this port by missionaries -or agents. Fourteen of these may be called strictly religious -societies. The work is carried on here about the same as at Boston and -Ellis Island. There is no definite plan for following up the work after -the immigrants leave Philadelphia. Those who remain in Philadelphia -are visited as far as possible and their addresses are given to the -workers of the nearest church or mission. The Episcopal and Lutheran -workers usually send the names and addresses of those immigrants who -are connected with their churches to the pastors in the towns or cities -to which these immigrants are going. - -The Lutheran Church has three representatives. They work together in -supplementing the work of each other. - -Under the direction of Mr. Demberg, the Young Men's Christian -Association Immigration Bureau conducts the work at this station in the -same manner as at other ports. Similar conditions obtain here as at the -other ports, namely, that the missionaries are doing a most excellent -work and in a very real sense, the most practical and helpful work -that is being done with the arriving immigrant. The same need also is -apparent here as elsewhere that the work should be organized in such -way as to bring it into vital touch with the immigrant work in various -Ports of Entry, and in close relation with the missionary work in our -towns and cities. - -The Methodist Episcopal Church maintains a Deaconess Home at 611 Vine -Street. Miss Ford of the Methodist Church, and Miss Staake of the -Lutheran Church, and Mr. Levins of the Philadelphia Bible Society, have -been engaged in the missionary service at the Philadelphia Port for -many years. - -The Philadelphia Bible Society distributed 50,479 books printed in -fifty different languages. - -The Women's Christian Temperance Union, through the work of Miss M. L. -Grunninger, during the year met ninety vessels and distributed nearly -40,000 pages of literature. - -The Philadelphia Baptist City Mission Society carried on their port -missionary work through the services of their city missionaries. - -Mr. Levins, missionary of the Philadelphia Bible Society, related the -following incident: - - "I wish I could picture to you the dying of an immigrant at the - Immigrant Station. On one side knelt the Matron, and on the - other side Miss Ford, a Methodist deaconess, and before him an - interpreter reading from a Testament in his own language. The - Matron held her hands in the attitude of prayer, the dying man - smiled and nodded his head yes, indicating that he understood - her and would pray. This was the last comfort the dying stranger - received—a Jew reading our Master's Words to him and the prayers - of two Christian women." - -At a Conference of the workers and of the missionaries and others -interested in the work at Philadelphia, it was voted that as soon as -practicable the Committee of Six should consider a definite plan for -organizing the missionary work at the Philadelphia Port. There was -a great desire for unity and efficiency in this service. There was -unanimous agreement that it would be wise, if possible, to organize -the work at this time so as to be definitely prepared for effective -service, and to meet whatever conditions may arise in the immigration -problem in the near future. This Conference also approved the -proposition to appoint in each port city a Local Advisory Committee -through which the missionary work could be supervised. - - -The greatest decrease last year (June 30, 1915) was in non-skilled or -miscellaneous workers. - - - 1914. 1915. - - Farm Laborers 288,053 27,723 - Laborers 226,407 48,351 - Servants 144,409 39,774 - - -Of the number admitted in 1899-1900, sixty-per cent. settled in five -states, New York, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Massachusetts and New Jersey. - - - - -The Philadelphia Immigration -Station - - -Missionaries and Workers - - Lutheran Women of the East Pennsylvania Synodical Society: Miss - Marietta Staake. - - Women's Home Mission Society: Methodist Episcopal Church, Miss Ford. - - Philadelphia Baptist City Mission Society: Workers in the City - Mission. - - Swedish Baptist Church: Rev. Swenson. - - Protestant Episcopal Church, St. Paul's Mission: Mr. Frank - Longshore. - - Protestant Episcopal Church: Rev. Weinstein. - - Norwegian Church: Rev. Halvor Midtbo. - - Lutheran Church of the Mission Syndicate: Rev. A. H. Winter. - - Pennsylvania Bible Society: Mr. James Levins. - - Immigrant Missionary of the General Council of the Lutheran Church: - Rev. Erich Saul. - - Young Women's Christian Temperance Union: Miss Mary Grunninger. - - Young Men's Christian Association: Mr. Denberg. - - North American Civic League for Immigrants: Mr. W. Hartzel. - - Council of Jewish Women: Mrs. E. Shevall. - - Association for Protection of Jewish Immigrants: Dr. H. D. Pearlman. - - Catholic Immigration Society: Mrs. Brown. - - Polish Society: Mr. Dutkievitz. - - Friendly Sons of St. Patrick: Mr. Thos. D. Ferguson. - - Society for Italian Immigrants: Miss Jennie Lanzetta. - - Catholic Temperance Society: Mrs. Smith. - - Alliance Help for Lithuanian Immigrants: Mrs. Susanna Baranowsky. - - -Emigration Statistics - -Emigration for a period of years is about one-third. From 1908-1910 -inclusive: 81 per cent. had been in America not over five years; 14.7 -not over ten years. - -Of those coming to this country from 1890-1900 only 70 per cent. were -found here at the end of that period. - -In 1899-1909 there were more than 8,000,000 immigrants admitted. Of -this number 1,013,974 were under fourteen years of age, and 6,786,506 -were between 14-44, and 412,554 were over forty-five. - - -Present Responsibility for Future Opportunity - -The problem of restricting immigration that for many years has been -puzzling the politicians, reformers and various civic and philanthropic -and religious societies and national organizations, has been settled -for the time, at least, by the European War. - -The danger is that the Christian Church shall regard this breathing -spell as a time for the relaxation of energy. Such an attitude is -wholly contrary to the real meaning of this hour and does not at all -respond to its earnest offer of a splendid opportunity for effective -service and permanent achievement. It is the very best time we have -had for several years to get together, to study conditions, to canvass -fields, to discover needs, and develop methods of work. - -It has been demonstrated that the scope of this work can be enlarged, -and its effectiveness increased by organizing its activities, so that -this branch of our missionary service shall represent the Christian -love and life operating with a spirit wholly interdenominational -and non-sectarian through a body of workers, inspired by the same -motive, working by a common method, and moving toward a well-defined -goal. Thus our Ports of Entry missionary service would be appreciated -at its true value, and be recognized by Government authorities and -other organizations as a most important and efficient factor, and be -given the place it deserves in cooperation with the federal, civic, -educational and philanthropic agencies, working in any comprehensive -service for welcoming and protecting the Immigrant. - -For the full consummation of this scheme, there must be clear vision of -the far-reaching scope of the Immigrant work and adequate realization -of the vast opportunity and unlimited possibilities for achievement -in this service. There must be a deep sense of responsibility and -keen appreciation of the price to be paid in order to realize the -fulfilment of the vision. There must be a willingness to let go not a -few denominational and perhaps personal preferences, and a readiness to -sacrifice some things that have been held quite dear. - -It is the hour of a great responsibility devolving upon the Christian -Church to discharge her obligation to create such a spirit of genuine -fellowship between Americans "New" and "Old" that there shall be -established throughout our land a Christian brotherhood that knows -"neither border, nor breed, nor birth," even the gracious and masterful -"Brotherhood of the Sons of God." - - =For the Purpose of Examining and Inspecting Immigrants= our - country is divided into twenty-two Immigration Stations with - headquarters at - - Montreal, P. Q., Canada - - Canadian border and Canadian seaports - - Boston, Mass. Subports of Portland and New Bedford - - Ellis Island, New York Harbor - - New York and New Jersey; immigration matters only - - 17 State Street, New York. Chinese matters only - - Philadelphia, Pa. - - Substations of Pittsburg, Chester, and Wilmington - - Baltimore, Md. Subports of Annapolis and Washington - - Norfolk, Va. - - Subports of Newport News, Wilmington, and Charleston - - Jacksonville, Fla. - - Subports of Savannah, Brunswick, Tampa, Miami, Key West, - Pensacola, and Mobile - - New Orleans, La. Subports of Gulfport and Pascagoula - - Galveston, Texas - - Subports of Port Arthur and Corpus Christi - - Cleveland, Ohio - - Substations at Toledo and Cincinnati - - Chicago, Ill. - - Minneapolis, Minn. - - St. Louis, Mo. - - Denver, Colo. Substation at Salt Lake City - - Helena, Mont. Substation at Havre, Mont. - - Seattle, Wash. - - Subports of Tacoma, Port Townsend, and Olympia; substations of - Spokane and Walla Walla - - Portland, Ore. Subport of Astoria - - San Francisco, Cal. - - Ketchikan, Alaska. Substations of Skagway and Nome - - San Juan, P. R. Subport of Ponce - - Honolulu, Hawaii, including all ports - - El Paso, Texas - - Subports of Nagoles, Douglas, Waco, Del Rio, Eagle Pass, Laredo, - Hidalgo, and Brownsville; substations of San Antonio, Tucson, - and Fort Worth - - Southern California: port of San Diego and substations of Los - Angeles and Andrade - - -Immigration Statistics - - From 1820-1915 Immigrant Aliens came to this country 32,354,124 - - During the year ending June 30, 1914 1,218,480 - - This was the largest number except in 1907, when the - number was 1,285,349 - - Year ending June 30, 1915 326,700 - - Immigrants returning last year 204,074 - - Immigrants deported last year 2,564 - ------- 206,638 - - Net gain of the year ending June 30, 1915 120,052 - - -Immigrant Aliens for the Year Ending June 30, 1915 - - _Admitted._ _Departed._ - - _Atlantic Ports_: - New York, N. Y. 178,416 150,014 - Boston, Mass. 15,983 9,033 - Philadelphia, Pa. 7,114 7,052 - Baltimore, Md. 3,017 335 - Canadian Atlantic Ports 5,040 2,448 - Portland, Me. 115 95 - New Bedford, Mass. 827 225 - Providence, R. I. 2,536 1,984 - Newport News, Va. 192 - Norfolk, Va. 30 - Savannah, Ga. 13 - Miami, Fla. 1,154 843 - Key West, Fla. 762 2,595 - Other Atlantic 27 - - _Ports of Gulf of Mexico_: - Tampa, Fla. 1,637 9 - Pensacola, Fla. 4 - Mobile, Ala. 61 2 - New Orleans, La. 1,694 800 - Galveston, Tex. 2,272 119 - Other Gulf 35 - - _Pacific Ports_: - San Francisco, Cal. 8,055 3,090 - Portland, Ore. 93 - Seattle, Wash. 2,613 748 - Canadian Pacific Ports 246 250 - Alaska 485 - - _Border Stations_: - Canadian Border 81,382 22,922 - Mexican Border 9,003 211 - - _Insular Possessions_: - Honolulu, Hawaii 2,966 475 - Porto Rico 928 824 - ------- ------- - Total 326,700 204,074 - - -Occupations of Admitted Immigrants - - 1914. 1915. - Professional 14,601 12,279 - Skilled Laborers 173,208 55,638 - Miscellaneous 710,456 141,843 - - -Immigrants 1914-1915 - -Immigrant Aliens came in the years - - 1914. 1915. - to - Alabama 1,450 430 - Alaska 886 693 - Arizona 3,886 2,100 - Arkansas 399 147 - California 32,089 20,116 - Colorado 4,493 1,339 - Connecticut 33,192 6,620 - Delaware 1,559 245 - District of Columbia 1,913 1,087 - Florida 6,471 4,810 - Georgia 778 356 - Hawaii 5,622 2,934 - Idaho 1,976 1,226 - Illinois 105,811 19,062 - Indiana 14,727 2,146 - Iowa 9,307 3,407 - Kansas 2,520 744 - Kentucky 944 268 - Louisiana 2,268 1,451 - Maine 7,278 4,401 - Maryland 8,944 1,883 - Massachusetts 93,200 27,482 - Michigan 49,639 17,438 - Minnesota 22,232 9,115 - Mississippi 500 138 - Missouri 13,781 2,743 - Montana 6,070 3,454 - Nebraska 5,056 1,388 - Nevada 1,171 387 - New Hampshire 7,313 2,832 - New Jersey 62,495 11,248 - New Mexico 895 561 - New York 344,663 95,028 - North Carolina 463 267 - North Dakota 4,313 3,290 - Ohio 74,615 9,341 - Oklahoma 946 387 - Oregon 5,547 2,629 - Pennsylvania 184,438 24,596 - Philippine Islands 13 16 - Porto Rico 1,203 812 - Rhode Island 12,569 3,621 - South Carolina 260 132 - South Dakota 1,754 1,095 - Tennessee 846 306 - Texas 14,630 9,447 - Utah 3,387 1,296 - Vermont 3,503 1,928 - Virginia 1,959 855 - Washington 20,061 13,093 - West Virginia 12,399 2,030 - Wisconsin 20,660 3,850 - Wyoming 1,377 430 - Unknown - --------- ------- - Total 1,218,480 326,700 - - -Departed 1914-1915 - - Emigrant Aliens departed in the years 1914. 1915. - from - Alabama 277 175 - Alaska 78 40 - Arizona 560 606 - Arkansas 44 25 - California 8,049 7,063 - Colorado 1,079 607 - Connecticut 7,571 4,995 - Delaware 370 141 - District of Columbia 405 269 - Florida 1,961 3,555 - Georgia 121 89 - Hawaii 747 561 - Idaho 270 195 - Illinois 23,637 11,682 - Indiana 4,544 1,331 - Iowa 1,469 755 - Kansas 421 110 - Kentucky 178 99 - Louisiana 531 369 - Maine 673 665 - Maryland 1,313 999 - Massachusetts 15,983 14,612 - Michigan 10,809 5,524 - Minnesota 3,402 1,504 - Mississippi 47 21 - Missouri 2,744 1,426 - Montana 723 532 - Nebraska 520 280 - Nevada 288 168 - New Hampshire 1,545 978 - New Jersey 13,983 7,108 - New Mexico 320 206 - New York 76,017 67,016 - North Carolina 73 47 - North Dakota 405 114 - Ohio 16,472 7,640 - Oklahoma 215 71 - Oregon 907 583 - Pennsylvania 55,217 27,499 - Philippine Islands 11 20 - Porto Rico 969 849 - Rhode Island 2,821 2,566 - South Carolina 43 33 - South Dakota 183 60 - Tennessee 108 60 - Texas 927 371 - Utah 965 718 - Vermont 516 483 - Virginia 330 233 - Washington 2,638 1,491 - West Virginia 3,357 2,617 - Wisconsin 4,731 1,824 - Wyoming 350 167 - Unknown 31,421 22,922 - ------- ------- - Total 303,338 204,074 - - - - -[Illustration] - - - - -Transcriber's Note - - Obvious punctuation and spelling errors have been repaired. - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Ports of Entry, by -The Joint Committee of Six: Home Missions Council and Council of Women for Home Missions - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK PORTS OF ENTRY *** - -***** This file should be named 55955-0.txt or 55955-0.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/5/5/9/5/55955/ - -Produced by ellinora, Larry B. 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- text-align: justify; - margin-bottom: .25em; - } - - table { - width: 100%; - max-width: 100%; - } - - .tdl { - padding-left: 1em; - text-indent: -1em; - padding-right: 0; - } - - .pagenum { - display: none; - page-break-before: avoid; - } - -} - - - -@media handheld - -{ - - body {margin: 0;} - - hr { - margin-top: .1em; - margin-bottom: .1em; - visibility: hidden; - color: white; - width: .01em; - display: none; - } - - blockquote {margin: 1.5em 3% 1.5em 3%;} - - .transnote { - page-break-inside: avoid; - margin-left: 2%; - margin-right: 2%; - margin-top: 1em; - margin-bottom: 1em; - padding: .5em; - } - - p.drop:first-letter { - float: left; - clear: left - } - - .hideepub {visibility: hidden;} - -} - - </style> - -</head> - -<body> - - -<pre> - -The Project Gutenberg EBook of Ports of Entry, by -The Joint Committee of Six: Home Missions Council and Council of Women for Home Missions - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - - - -Title: Ports of Entry - Missionary Herald - -Author: The Joint Committee of Six: Home Missions Council - Council of Women for Home Missions - -Release Date: November 13, 2017 [EBook #55955] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK PORTS OF ENTRY *** - - - - -Produced by ellinora, Larry B. Harrison, and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This -file was produced from images generously made available -by The Internet Archive) - - - - - - -</pre> - - - - - -<hr /> - -<div class="figcenter newpage hideepub"> - <img src="images/cover.jpg" alt="Cover" /> -</div> - - - - -<hr /> - -<div class="figcenter newpage"> - <img src="images/i_title.jpg" alt="Title_Page" /> -</div> - - - - -<hr /> - -<div class="figcenter"> - <img src="images/i_cover.jpg" alt="Entering" /> -</div> - -<h1>PORTS OF ENTRY<br /> -MISSIONARY HERALD</h1> - -<p class="sigright2 bold in0"><i>THE one institution in America<br /> -most gravely concerned with the<br /> -coming and staying of the Immigrant<br /> -is the Protestant Church<br /> -<span class="vspace"> </span><br /> -EDWARD A. STEINER</i></p> - - - - -<hr /> - - <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_1" id="Page_1">1</a></span></p> - -<p class="newpage center bold in0"><span class="xlarge">Ports of Entry<br /> -Missionary Herald</span><br /> -<span class="vspace"> </span><br /> -<span class="small">ISSUED BY<br /> -The Joint Committee of Six<br /> -REPRESENTING</span><br /> -THE HOME MISSIONS COUNCIL<br /> -<span class="small uppercase">and</span><br /> -THE COUNCIL OF WOMEN FOR HOME MISSIONS<br /> -<span class="small">Room 713, 156 Fifth Avenue, New York</span></p> - - - - -<hr /> - - <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_2" id="Page_2">2</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter newpage"> - <img src="images/i_decor.jpg" alt="decoration" /> -</div> - -<p class="center in0">THE HOME MISSIONS COUNCIL</p> - -<p class="center in0 p1t">Representing Thirteen Evangelical Denominations Through<br /> -Thirty-three Societies Engaged in Home Mission Service</p> - -<p class="center in0 p1t"><i>Chairman</i>,<br /> -<span class="smcap">Rev. Charles L. Thompson, D.D.</span>,<br /> -156 Fifth Avenue, New York</p> - -<p class="center in0"><i>Executive Committee</i></p> - -<ul class="index table2"> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">S. L. Morris, D.D.</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Charles H. Beck, D.D.</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">A. S. Lloyd, D.D.</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">C. Whitney, D.D.</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">William T. Demarest</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">R. A. Hutchison, D.D.</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Grant K. Lewis</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">H. L. Morehouse, D.D.</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">R. D. Lord, D.D.</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">C. E. Schaeffer, D.D.</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">J. C. Kunzmann, D.D.</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">H. C. Herring, D.D.</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">John M. Moore, D.D.</span></li> -</ul> - - -<p class="center in0 p2t">COUNCIL OF WOMEN FOR HOME MISSIONS</p> - -<p class="center in0 p1t">Representing Seventeen Constituent Corresponding and Consulting<br /> -Boards and Societies Engaged in Home Mission Service</p> - -<p class="center in0 p1t"><i>President</i>,<br /> -<span class="smcap">Mrs. George W. Coleman</span>,<br /> -177 West Brookline Street, Boston, Mass.</p> - -<p class="center in0"><i>Executive Committee</i></p> - -<ul class="index table2"> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Mrs. Fred Smith Bennett</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Mrs. Charles L. Fry</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Miss Florence E. Fellowe</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Miss May Leonard Woodruff</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Mrs. R. W. MacDonnell</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Mrs. W. C. Winsborough</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Mrs. William S. Cook</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Miss Elizabeth B. Vermilye</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Mrs. F. W. Wilcox</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Mrs. P. F. Jerome</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Mrs. John S. Allen</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Mrs. Mary Fisk Park</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Mrs. D. E. Waid</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Mrs. Laura Gerould Craig</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Mrs. O. R. Judd</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Mrs. P. M. Rossman</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Mrs. Charles F. Chase</span></li> -</ul> - -<div class="figcenter"> - <img src="images/i_decor.jpg" alt="decoration" /> -</div> - - <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_3" id="Page_3">3</a></span></p> - -<p class="center in0 p2t">THE HOME MISSIONS COUNCIL</p> - -<p class="center in0 p1t">Committee on Immigrant Work</p> - -<p class="center in0 p1t"><i>Chairman</i>,<br /> -<span class="smcap">Rev. William P. Shriver</span>,<br /> -156 Fifth Avenue, New York</p> - -<ul class="index table2"> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">F. D. Bovard, D.D.</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Rev. R. L. Breed</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Rev. C. A. Brooks</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">A. S. Hartman, D.D.</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">E. H. Rawlings, D.D.</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">C. E. Schaeffer, D.D.</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">F. H. Wright, D.D.</span></li> -</ul> - -<p class="center in0"><i>Secretary</i>,<br /> -<span class="smcap">Rev. Joseph E. Perry, Ph.D.</span><br /></p> - - -<p class="center in0 p2t">COUNCIL OF WOMEN FOR HOME MISSIONS</p> - -<p class="center in0 p1t">Committee on Home Mission Interests Among Immigrants</p> - -<p class="center in0 p1t"><i>Chairman</i>,<br /> -<span class="smcap">Mrs. P. M. Rossman</span>,<br /> -203 West 85th Street, New York</p> - -<ul class="index table2"> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Mrs. David W. Smith</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Mrs. George C. Moor</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Mrs. F. W. Wilcox</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Mrs. J. A. Lewis</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Mrs. D. J. Schneider</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Mrs. Helen McMillin</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Mrs. J. F. Hartman</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Miss Laura Swope</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Miss Laura V. Keck</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Mrs. Mary Fisk Park</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Mrs. D. B. Street</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Mrs. T. J. Copeland</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Miss Belle Bennett</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Miss Anna Hyatt</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Miss E. G. Long</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Mrs. E. H. Maynard</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Mrs. F. V. Green</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Mrs. C. W. Burns</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Mrs. W. M. Nichol</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Mrs. Wm. Rowland</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Mrs. Joseph McLester</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Mrs. H. M. Bremer</span></li> -</ul> - - -<p class="center in0 p2t">Represented in the<br /> -PORTS OF ENTRY MISSIONARY WORK<br /> -by the<br /> -Joint Committee of Six</p> - -<ul class="index table2"> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Rev. William P. Shriver</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Rev. Reuben L. Breed</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Rev. Charles A. Brooks</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Mrs. P. M. Rossman</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Mrs. F. W. Wilcox</span></li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="smcap">Miss Edith Grier Long</span></li> -</ul> - -<p class="center in0"><i>Secretary</i>,<br /> -<span class="smcap">Rev. Joseph E. Perry, Ph.D.</span></p> - - - - -<hr /> - - <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_4" id="Page_4">4</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter newpage"> - <img src="images/i_004.jpg" alt="Railroad" /> - <div class="caption"> - <span class="small">AT THE RAILROAD TICKET OFFICE,<br /> - ELLIS ISLAND</span> - </div> -</div> - - - - -<hr /> - - <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">5</a></span></p> - -<div class="chapter"> -<h2>Ports of Entry</h2> -</div> - -<p class="drop"><span class="uppercase">Scarcely</span> any other three words form a phrase freighted with -meaning so vital to our national life. Here is the convergence -of streams of humanity flowing from the ends of -the world. Through these gateways more than 33,000,000 -aliens have come to our shores. Much that they have brought has -been antagonistic to the spirit and purpose of our institutions, but -their great contribution has been the world's wealth of physical -strength, intellectual power, spiritual vigor, religious fervor and -the incarnation of the yearning passion of the soul for liberty and -life. It is our duty to recognize the value of their offering in terms -of manhood and womanhood and not merely in terms of finance -and business, and to so discharge the responsibility involved in -opening our gates, as to help them to properly appreciate their -privilege and opportunity, and to make possible the realization of -their ideals.</p> - -<p>Dr. Steiner says, "It is a big task, the biggest and most difficult -and yet most rewarding task the Church has to face."</p> - - -<p class="center bold in0 p2t">The Immigrant's Welcome</p> - -<p>The Federal authorities endeavor to receive the immigrant with -a genuinely humane welcome. Some of our ports have not buildings -properly equipped for receiving and examining immigrants -and caring for the detained. Occasionally there are rumors of -instances of harsh treatment on the part of the Government. For -some of these there is doubtless occasion, but one who has the -opportunity to see the Ports of Entry service in all its phases -through a series of months, will be convinced that honesty, carefulness -and kindness characterize the method and manner of the -Government officials and employees, and that nowhere else is the -immigrant received more humanely and treated more kindly and -courteously than at our Ports of Entry.</p> - -<p>Dr. Frederic C. Howe, Commissioner of Immigration at the -Port of New York, recently said, "Ellis Island is public property -and those of us who are over there are public servants. We have -made provisions at Ellis Island so that every man, woman or child -in the United States can participate in its administration. We did -that through inviting suggestions, criticisms, complaints. We believe -the best curative of disease is sunlight, and the sunlight that -we are aiming to turn on Ellis Island is the sunlight of as many -human eyes as will turn themselves on that station with their suggestions -or complaints. I invite you to come to Ellis Island, to -see the station and to examine it, to meet your friends and to aid the -six hundred men over there in the Government employ in making -Ellis Island a place we all love."</p> - - <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">6</a></span></p> - - -<p class="center bold in0 p2t">Our Missionaries</p> - -<p>No part of the immigrant welcome service is more important -than that which is done by the missionaries. Their purpose is primarily -to carry the gospel story of salvation and good cheer. "Behold, -I bring you glad tidings of great joy" is the message of the -Ports of Entry missionary. This work, however, combines regard -for spiritual life and material welfare. It must be humanitarian -and philanthropic service of a very practical sort. It is the cup of -water "In His name" given with the personal touch of one of His -disciples.</p> - -<p>On page 18 will be found a list of other Societies and Organizations -engaged in this immigrant welcome service.</p> - - -<p class="center bold in0 p2t">The Home Missions Council<br /> -and<br /> -Council of Women for Home Missions</p> - -<p>At the annual meeting, January 12, 1915, the Committee on -Immigrant Work reported—"We are confirmed by Dr. Selden's -brief study and by all that we have seen and heard during the year -in the opinion expressed in our last report, as follows:</p> - -<p>"If the Council desires to do the far-visioned thing, based on -the broad and stable principles which should govern the King's -business, let it lay hands upon the strongest available man and put -him at the task of inquiry, of leadership, of unification, of inspiration, -beginning at the <b>port of entry</b> and gradually extending his -knowledge and influence until he stands at the center of the whole -field of our service in alien tongues."</p> - -<p>"We do not, however, venture at this time to suggest a program -so elaborate nor a task so comprehensive for the Council's representative. -We review in effect our recommendation of last year -that the Council proceed conservatively and that effort for -the coming year be limited in the main to the <i>ports of entry</i>. The -relatively small volume of immigration now coming in, while -making less immediate demands upon us, affords peculiar advantages -for study of the problems involved, for conference with -Government officials, and for development, readjustment and organization -of the missionary force. At the end of a year of inquiry -and effort along these lines, having all the time in view the larger -field of our work across the country, your Committee hopes to be -able to report substantial progress and to suggest how further to -profit by the ground gained in the inquiries of last year and the -year to come."</p> - -<p>"Your Committee is glad to be able to announce that the Council -of Women for Home Missions has been increasingly interested -in the matter under discussion and has recommended to its constituent -bodies that they assume one-third of the expense of any plan -adopted for the coming year."</p> - - <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">7</a></span></p> - -<p>At this meeting the following recommendation of the Business -Committee was adopted, "That the Council, in cooperation with the -Council of Women for Home Missions, ask the Rev. Joseph E. -Perry, Ph.D., to act as representative of the two Councils at ports -of entry, for the year beginning January 15, 1915."</p> - -<p>The task of directing the work of the representative of the two -Councils at the Ports of Entry was given to a "Committee of Six" -composed of three persons chosen from the "Immigrant Work -Committee" of the Home Missions Council, and three from the -"Committee of Missionary Interests Among the Immigrants" of -the Council of Women.</p> - -<p>In accordance with the policy and program proposed by the -"Committee of Six" the time of the secretary was spent mainly in -touch with the missionary work and workers at the Ports of Entry -in Philadelphia, Boston and Ellis Island. Conferences were held -with representatives of the Federal Government and agents and -workers of various societies working with the Immigrant, including -the Commissioners and Assistant Commissioners at the Ports mentioned, -Mr. Green of the Federal Information Bureau, representatives -of the Y. M. C. A., and Y. W. C. A. City and International -Committees, the W. C. T. U., the Committee for Immigrants of -America, the North American Civic League, the Travelers' Aid, -the Immigrant Guide and Transfer Agency, and with missionaries -working at these Ports.</p> - -<p>These interviews and conferences revealed:</p> - -<p>1. The fact that organization and cooperation in this work is -almost universally regarded as essential to the permanent establishment -of any large service for the Immigrant, and especially is this -true of the missionary work. It is quite generally regarded that -lack of system is a great hindrance to the comprehensive effectiveness -of this very important phase of the service rendered for the -arriving Immigrant.</p> - -<p>2. All other Societies and Agencies have rather definitely systematized -their work. This fact appeals to the Government officials -and enables these Societies to have recognition and consideration -by Federal and Municipal authorities and other agencies interested -in the formation of any comprehensive scheme for the protection of -the Immigrant.</p> - -<p>3. In every Port the officials bear fine testimony to the very -useful service rendered by the Christian missionaries. But even so -their estimate is based on the <b>social</b> and <b>humanitarian</b> side of the -work, and not on the <b>spiritual</b> phase of their service.</p> - -<p>4. If the Christian missionaries and the religious workers were -withdrawn from this service at the Ports of Entry, it would be like -withdrawing the sun from the heavens.</p> - -<p>The activities involved in this service are as varied as the duties -of a missionary in any other field of work. They must clothe the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">8</a></span> -naked, visit the sick, comfort the sorrowing, cheer the despondent, -give courage to the hesitating, frightened stranger, care for the -dying, and sometimes minister at the burial service. They read -to the illiterate, write letters and supply papers and literature. -Indeed, they must be voice, ears, hands and feet; even heart and -soul to hundreds and thousands of these children from the old -world, now babes in a new life.</p> - -<p>The true spirit of harmony, brotherly kindness, and heart sympathy -filled with the spirit of power of Christian love, characterizes -their work. Nothing else could fulfil its mission. It is also very -evident that the full potential value of this work has not yet been -actualized. This part of the missionary service of the Christian -Church may be made a much more forceful and fruitful agency -in the work of the Kingdom. It ought to be a source and center of -greater power in the <b>Home missionary</b> work of our entire country, -and can be made an agency of power in our <b>Foreign missionary</b> -work. To realize the full measure of the possible power and usefulness -of this branch of missionary work, is the central purpose of -our task. To accomplish this purpose it was evident that our missionary -work should be organized in some comprehensive and definite -scheme that would unite practically all the religious forces and -represent to the immigrant the heart and spirit of American Christian -sentiment, and that would combine in a practical way the work -of all Ports of Entry, and also vitally relate this work to all immigrant -work inland, aiding and being supplemented by such work. -In this way also our missionary work could be related readily to -all civic and philanthropic immigrant work in any city or community. -The adoption of such plan, because of its being interdenominational -in principle and having unselfish ideals, and being -practical and comprehensive in its working, would commend itself -to the Federal, Civic and Municipal Government authorities. It -will commend itself also to the religious communities and societies -for the same reasons, and also because of a possible lessening of -expense, and of securing larger and more permanent results for the -effort and money expended.</p> - -<p>A plan of organization was presented by the secretary to the -Committee of Six, which was adopted by them and referred to the -missionaries at Ellis Island for their consideration. This proposition -provided for the appointment of certain committees on the -different departments of the missionary work, and for conferences -of workers and for relating the work to that of other Ports of Entry, -and for uniting the port missionary work to the missionary work -inland.</p> - - - - -<hr /> - - <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">9</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter newpage"> - <img src="images/i_009.jpg" alt="Building" /> -</div> - -<div class="chapter nobreak"> -<h2>Ellis Island</h2> -</div> - -<p class="drop"><span class="uppercase">The</span> center of the year's work has been Ellis Island, the great -home and foreign mission field, in area covering a few acres, -in influence compassing the entire world. Any one with -ability to "sense" a condition standing at Ellis Island feels -himself to be not at the "hub of the universe," but at the heart of -the world, through which are circulating the life currents of the -old world and the new. More than one-half of those coming to our -shores enter by this gateway. Here is the beginning of the preparation -of this great mass of humanity for the process of assimilation -into the American spirit and life.</p> - -<p>The missionaries at Ellis Island adopted the plan of organization -approved by the Committee of Six, and appointed the committees -provided for. The operation of this plan has been very satisfactory -considering all that is involved. The Committees are organized and -reports from some of them are given in the following pages.</p> - -<p>There are now twenty-five missionaries and workers representing -the Boards and Societies federated with the two Councils, and -other Societies cooperating in the work of federating the religious -forces in this branch of missionary service. The field of service -and the activities of the missionaries at Ellis Island is typical of -all Ports of Entry missionary work.</p> - -<p>The field of this ministry is:</p> - -<p>(a) The railroad rooms. Here quick work must be done. It is -just touch and go. The missionaries of our Societies, the American -Tract Society, the New York Bible Society, the Y. M. C. A., Y. W. -C. A., W. C. T. U., and kindred agencies do most excellent service.</p> - - <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">10</a></span></p> - -<p>(b) Among the detained Immigrants. This is a field of varied -service and is perhaps the place of greatest opportunity for our missionaries -and is specifically their field.</p> - -<p>(c) The hospital. This is a very important part of the work -for, and with, those who are detained. Of course, there is need of -temporal relief and comforts, but here especially there are times -when no one can minister except one who brings spiritual comfort -and the cheer of the love of God.</p> - - -<p class="center bold in0 p2t">Missionary Activities</p> - -<p class="drop"><span class="uppercase">The</span> missionaries at our Ports meet and aid representatives -of the following nationalities, viz.: English, Irish, Scotch, -Welsh, French, Swiss, German, Dutch, Belgian, Hebrews of -various nations, Swedish, Norwegian, Danish, Finnish, Italian, -Spanish, Portuguese, Austrian, Greek, Turkish, Armenian, -Bulgarian, Servian, Roumanian, Albanian, Hungarian, Bohemian, -Croatian, Slovenian, Ruthenian, Lithuanian, Russian, Polish, Mexican, -Cuban, and other West Indian, Panamanian, Venezuelan, -Columbian, Argentinian, Australian, Maltese, West African, Egyptian, -Syrian, Persian, Hindu, Chaldean, Chinese, Japanese, and -Korean,—in all, 52.</p> - -<p>Visitors to Ellis Island often ask, "Just what do the missionaries -do?" The Rev. Eliot White, Port Chaplain of the Protestant -Episcopal City Mission Society, gives the following answer to this -query:</p> - -<p>We meet those newly coming from the ocean steamers to Ellis -Island, and less frequently, second-cabin passengers at the docks. -We aid them through the Immigration Station in many ways, with -tickets, trunks and hand baggage, with food, sometimes getting -milk heated for a baby, or "minding" little children while parents -look for their trunks; telegraph or telephone to relatives or friends, -give information of many sorts, expediting the progress through -the day's ordeals of those fortunate enough to pass without -detention.</p> - -<p>As for those who are detained and designated for "special -inquiry," our duties in their behalf are more complicated and often -difficult and sad. Appeals must be written in many cases. Where -the exclusion is mandatory, we have special opportunity for the -specifically pastoral and consolatory offices in presence of bitter -disappointment and sometimes heart-broken sorrow. Many are the -physical needs also, of the detained, and those to be deported; -indeed, the only limitation on service of this sort is the worker's -time and strength. There is clothing to supply for those sometimes -wretchedly clad, and even barefooted on the cold stone floors, -and there are errands to run for many a humble requirement. Then -there is the often sad office of messenger between the sick in the -immigrant hospital and their relatives detained on the main island, -and sometimes a burial to conduct when the entrance to the land<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">11</a></span> -of hope has been shadowed by some dear one's death. For some -time after they have left Ellis Island, we maintain a "follow-up" -correspondence with many whom we meet.</p> - - -<p class="center bold in0 p2t">Ellis Island Committees</p> - -<blockquote> -<p>1. Committee on Literature. Mr. Charles Carrol, Rev. G. J. -D'Anchise, Miss Martha Troeck, Miss Teresa Fransee.</p> - -<p>2. Detained Immigrants. Rev. P. D. Vassileff, Miss A. E. Matthews, -Mrs. Athena Marmaroff.</p> - -<p>3. Clothing and Supplies. Rev. P. H. Land, Mr. Marmaroff, Miss -Fransee, Miss Brys.</p> - -<p>4. Hospitals. Miss Martha Troeck, Mrs. Tripp, Mr. D'Anchise.</p> - -<p>5. Appeals. Rev. Eliot White, Rev. P. H. Land, Mr. Carbonetto, -Mrs. Conversano.</p> - -<p>6. Follow-up Committee. Dr. Perry representing the Committee -of Six, Rev. P. D. Vassileff, Mrs. Conversano, Mrs. Tripp.</p> - -<p>7. Religious Meetings and Entertainment. Mr. Charles Carrol, -Rev. P. H. Land, Rev. Eliot White, Rev. P. D. Vassileff, Mr. -Carbonetto, Mrs. Conversano, Miss Matthews, Miss Fransee.</p> -</blockquote> - - -<p class="center bold in0 p2t">The Literature Committee</p> - -<p class="in0">I. <span class="smcap">Organization</span>:</p> - -<p>At a meeting held on June 29, 1915, the following resolutions -were adopted: (1) The general distribution in the Railroad rooms -should be left to the New York Bible Society and the American -Tract Society, except in cases where missionaries are especially -interested. (2) The present methods of distribution in hospitals -and detention rooms are approved. (3) The literature distributed -in general should be interdenominational and not of a proselyting -nature. (4) The New York Bible Society and the American Tract -Society are requested to supply missionaries with literature for -distribution in hospitals and detention rooms. (5) The Home -Missions Council is requested to supply special tracts for young -men and young women with advice for immigrants in general. -(6) The Home Missions Council is requested to supply the -detained immigrants with daily papers, periodicals and if possible -with library books.</p> - -<p class="in0">II. <span class="smcap">The Duty of the Committee</span>:</p> - -<p>(1) To see that the literature distributed is suitable. (2) If -special kind of literature is needed to outline its character. (3) To -see that immigrants, both outgoing and detained, are supplied with -needed literature. (4) To see that the literature distributed is -evangelical and undenominational.</p> - -<p class="in0">III. <span class="smcap">Literature is Distributed</span>:</p> - -<p>(1) In the Railroad Rooms. (2) In the Detention Rooms, -where immigrants are detained in large numbers, sometimes for -months. (3) In the hospitals, where many immigrants are detained -and literature is most welcome.</p> - -<p class="sigright"><span class="smcap">Charles A. Carrol</span>,  <br /> -Chairman of the Committee.</p> - - <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">12</a></span></p> - - -<p class="center bold in0 p2t">The Clothing of the Immigrants<br /> -at Ellis Island, N. Y.</p> - -<p class="drop"><span class="uppercase">One</span> of the most important items in the work of the missionaries -at Ellis Island is the work of providing suitable -clothing and shoes for the many aliens detained at the -Island. Only by strict adherence to certain principles can -the work be a real success. The first of these principles is: Never -give an alien that which is beneath his dignity to wear or to use. -This may sound strange, but is nevertheless very important. All -the aliens, except stowaways and warrant cases, bring their wearing -apparel with them. Stowaways are as a rule not very particular. -Warrant cases, since they have been in this country and -know how to dress, are quite particular. The average alien will -not look with favor upon any person who offers him a garment -which is worn out, or which he would be ashamed to wear -at home. There are other difficulties. Some of the aliens will not -accept for instance an old lady's overcoat which was worn 20 years -ago. Of such we receive quite an overwhelming number. Others -cling strongly to their home fashions and will only accept such -things as in some manner correspond to their accustomed styles. -The second principle is: to give only to the really needy. Caution -is necessary. Some immigrants are greedy, they accept everything -which is offered, put it into their hampers, and keep on wearing -their old worn-out duds in the hope of receiving still more gifts. -<i>Another</i> principle is to try and <i>fit</i> the alien as well as possible. If -the coat or shoes fit him, he will wear them with pleasure and will -not feel ridiculous among his fellows.</p> - -<p><i>Another</i> principle is to study the social training and tastes of -the immigrants and if they need clothes give such things as will -make their appearance more respectable. One of the purposes of -the clothes department is: to have the alien appear before the -Board of Special Inquiry as neat and respectable looking as possible, -so that he may be judged as he would look under ordinary -circumstances, not as he arrives after a lengthy trip in the steerage. -<i>Another</i> principle is: not to overlap. Where there is a number of -missionaries there is always the danger of overlapping in the distribution -of gifts.</p> - -<p>At Ellis Island a clothes room of moderate proportions is in -use. It is divided into sections, and clothes are kept separately -for men, women, and children. Shoes and other things have their -proper places. A great deal of valuable time is consumed in sorting -out the things which are utterly unfit to give away. We cannot -insist too strongly upon the necessity of not sending things -which are useless, worn out, or ridiculous. The average alien has<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">13</a></span> -a great deal more knowledge and taste than he is credited with by -the donors in various churches. Shoes and clothes ought to be at -least in good repair. It would be far better to send fewer and -better things, than to send great boxes of indifferent material.</p> - -<p><i>The greatest needs.</i> Underwear, suitable to the season of year, -shoes of large proportions, men's overcoats, socks and stockings -for all, infants' outfits for the newly born, and children's clothes are -always welcome and appreciated. Also a lot of other things seldom -received, garters, suspenders, toilet articles, such as combs, -finecombs, shaving mugs, brushes, etc. All these things are needed -every day. The most essential principle of all this work, however, -is for the missionary to put heart into it, and not to let the recipient -feel that the work is done perfunctorily or with aversion. The -missionary sometimes must even show how to make use of the gift -and must see to it that the clothes are actually worn, etc. It is a -blessed work if properly done.</p> - -<p class="sigright"><span class="smcap">Rev. P. H. Land</span>,  <br /> -Chairman of the Committee.</p> - - -<p class="center bold in0 p2t">Missionary Work in the Immigrant Hospital,<br /> -Ellis Island</p> - -<p class="drop"><span class="uppercase">The</span> daily visits of the missionaries in the hospital wards on -Ellis Island have proved a great blessing and a help to the -immigrants. We are also in various ways helpful to the -doctors and nurses in their attentions to the patients, and -very often act as an interpreter. The missionaries are particularly -responsible for those people in whose languages they are able to -converse. They visit these daily, if possible or advisable, but they -also pay attention by little gifts and sympathy to the other patients -in the ward, and by doing so become friends to everybody. Our -first object in visiting new arrivals is to let them know that the -relatives who traveled with them on the same ship are waiting -for them in the large Immigration Detention Rooms and will not -leave before the sick one is discharged from the hospital. This is -always welcome news, for most all the poor, helpless patients seem -to be under the impression that their friends have left them when -separated from them by the doctors. After a little explanation -and comforting words, we leave (if advisable) some good literature -with them and promise soon to call again and bring greetings -from their loved ones. As they see us talking to other patients, -they find confidence and take courage among the strangers, and -wait anxiously our return. We visit all the wards in the hospital -except the contagious hospital, where the missionaries are allowed -only by special permission from the Superintendent or doctors. -The missionaries are called upon to supply the patients with the -most necessary articles of clothing to those discharged from the -hospital, and also to supply many children and adults with shoes -and stockings when under treatment for trachoma or any other -disease, which does not confine the patients to the bed. They furnish<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">14</a></span> -the outfit for new-born infants for which the mothers had no -chance to provide, or were too poor to do so. We bring tags, picture -books, dolls and other little gifts to the sick and lonesome -children. To the adults we carry newspapers and magazines in different -languages, books, gospels and tracts. On Christmas we -place trees in the different wards and give appropriate presents to -all the patients. The missionaries communicate with the relatives -or friends of the sick aliens. In case of death they assist in every -way possible. Pastors often officiate at the funeral services.</p> - -<p class="sigright"><span class="smcap">Martha M. Troeck</span>,  <br /> -Chairman of Hospital Committee.</p> - - -<p class="center bold in0 p2t">Committee on Appeals and Petitions</p> - -<p class="drop"><span class="uppercase">When</span> a case is excluded at Ellis Island an appeal is -allowed to the Secretary of Labor in Washington, as a -higher "court," except when the exclusion is because of -certain contagious disease, mental inferiority and the -like.</p> - -<p>The missionaries at Ellis Island not infrequently write the -appeals, endeavoring to bring out points in the cases which -strengthen the appellants' cause.</p> - -<p>They also make petitions for hospital treatment for such unappealable -cases as sufferers from trachoma, hookworm, etc. This -treatment, if allowed by the Secretary of Labor, is at the expense -of the aliens' relatives. If the afflicted person is cured, he or she -is, if otherwise eligible to land, admitted to the country.</p> - -<p class="sigright"><span class="smcap">Eliot White</span>,  <br /> -For the Committee.</p> - -<p>In the complete working out of this plan the proper method -will be for any missionary wishing to file an appeal, to confer with -this Committee, and especially so before making an appeal to the -Secretary of Labor in Washington. In some instances at least, -this will be a protection for the missionary against unwise petitions -of friends and relatives.</p> - - -<p class="center bold in0 p2t">Follow-up Committee</p> - -<p class="drop"><span class="uppercase">This</span> Committee is to be the connecting link between the -Ports of Entry and the inland work. The missionaries fill -out blanks, giving the name and destination of the arriving -immigrant. These blanks are given to the Follow-up Committee -and duplicates with a letter are forwarded to a pastor or -worker in the place of the immigrant's destination with a request -that the family be visited, and a reply sent on the postal card -enclosed with the letter. In this short period 198 names -have been forwarded. It is, however, too soon to measure the -value of this work.</p> - -<p class="sigright"><span class="smcap">Mrs. Marie Conversano</span>,  <br /> -For the Committee.</p> - - <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">15</a></span></p> - -<p>The effectiveness of the work of this Committee necessitates -having a list of pastors and workers in the entire country. This -will be greatly simplified by the appointment of local interdenominational -committees such as have been appointed in several towns -and cities. It can be made a most important force in correlating -the work of the different Ports of Entry, and strengthening our -inland missionary work.</p> - - -<p class="center bold in0 p2t">Committee of Religious Services</p> - -<p class="drop"><span class="uppercase">Commissioner</span> Howe having given his consent to the -holding of Religious Services, five of these were conducted -in the spring and summer of 1915, under the auspices of -the missionaries representing the Congregational, Episcopal, -Lutheran, Methodist, and Presbyterian Churches.</p> - -<p>At present the best available hour on Sundays (2.30 to 3.30 -p.m.) is occupied usually by a concert, so that the services have -been somewhat interfered with. It is hoped, however, soon to meet -this difficulty.</p> - -<p class="sigright"><span class="smcap">E. White</span>,  <br /> -For the Committee.</p> - -<p>This year frequently the missionaries have met once a week in -a prayer service. During the year weekly entertainments have -been given with a moving picture outfit provided by the Committee -of Six for the detained immigrants.</p> - - -<p class="center bold in0 p2t">Other Societies Working at Ellis Island<br /> -The New York Bible Society</p> - -<p class="drop"><span class="uppercase">At</span> Ellis Island our missionaries aim to make it possible for -each immigrant to obtain a copy of the Scriptures in his -own language. Mr. Jackson has been engaged in this work -for over thirty-six years.</p> - - -<p>Mr. Lodsin is familiar with the language and customs of the -Lettish, Russian, and Polish people.</p> - -<p>At Ellis Island during the year 629 Bibles, 3,047 New Testaments, -and 27,510 portions of the Scriptures were distributed.</p> - - -<p class="center bold in0 p2t">American Tract Society</p> - -<p class="drop"><span class="uppercase">During</span> the current year at Ellis Island, the American -Tract Society has distributed Christian literature in twenty-nine -different languages, and a total of 150,270 volumes, -booklets, tracts and periodicals. The number of immigrants -visited totals 386,595.</p> - - <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">16</a></span></p> - - -<div class="figcenter newpage"> - <img src="images/i_016.jpg" alt="Jackson" /> - <div class="caption"> - <span class="small"><span class="smcap">Mr. Ernest Jackson</span>,<br /> - MISSIONARY OF THE NEW YORK BIBLE SOCIETY AT ELLIS ISLAND FOR<br /> - MORE THAN THIRTY-SIX YEARS</span> - </div> -</div> - - -<p class="center bold in0 p2t">Young Men's Christian Association</p> - -<p class="drop"><span class="uppercase">Five</span> port secretaries in America serve the thousands still -coming. In Ellis Island, during the year, 7,807 men were -helped; 4,302 were given introductions to inland Associations; -1,644 were tied up to relatives and friends, and 250 -appeals were made in behalf of the detained. Similar services -were rendered men landing in New York, Philadelphia, Boston -and San Francisco. The Association has this year found exceptional -opportunities for service among men who could neither land -nor leave. Port secretaries have assumed the responsibility of -landing many of these people, found them employment, and reported -regularly to the Immigration Commissioner concerning -them.</p> - - <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">17</a></span></p> - -<p>The Young Women's Christian Association have two workers, -one for the New York branch office, and one for the national office. -These are not engaged in strictly missionary work. The New -York branch frequently sends some of its foreign-speaking workers -to Ellis Island for special services. Plans for still greater -national and international service may be formulated and adopted.</p> - - -<p class="center bold in0 p2t">The W. C. T. U.</p> - -<p class="drop"><span class="uppercase">Mrs.</span> Athena Marmaroff, missionary at Ellis Island, -is under appointment by the National W. C. T. U., though -the administration of the work is placed in the hands of -New York State. Mrs. Marmaroff was educated at a Congregational -Mission School in Monastir, Turkey. She speaks all -the languages of the Balkan States.</p> - -<p>Mrs. Marmaroff works among Greeks, Roumanians, Bulgarians, -Montenegrins and immigrants from other Balkan States. Her -work is especially for women and children. During the month of -October, 1915, she gave out 3,500 tracts, 150 papers, one Bible, -nine Testaments, and 65 Gospels.</p> - - -<p>The various Hebrew Societies are excellently organized for -doing most effective service.</p> - - -<p class="center bold in0 p2t">The Report of Committee on United States<br /> -Immigration Stations</p> - -<p>To the Board of Directors of the <i>Hebrew Sheltering and Immigrant -Aid Society of America</i>:</p> - -<p>Your Committee is, under our Constitution, in "charge of all -matters pertaining to the relation of the Society with the Federal -Immigration authorities" and "the work of the Society at the various -Immigration Stations."</p> - -<p>Accordingly we have during the year kept in close touch, not -only with our Ellis Island Bureau but also with the work at the -Immigration Stations of Boston, Philadelphia and Baltimore, conducted -by our affiliated organizations at those ports.</p> - -<p>The bond of harmony which now exists between the workers at -the various ports has been firmly cemented during the year, a -fact which has resulted in great benefit to the Jewish Immigrants -who sought admission at these ports.</p> - - <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">18</a></span></p> - - -<p class="center bold in0 p2t">Societies at Work at Ellis Island</p> - -<p class="drop"><span class="uppercase">From</span> the point of view of effecting some definitely organized -plan of cooperation among the various agencies at work -at Ellis Island, these agencies fall into four groups:</p> - -<p>1. <span class="smcap">National and Philanthropic Societies</span>: Of which -there are eleven, accredited with ten missionaries. These include -such societies as the Polish National Alliance, the Slavonic Immigrant -Society, the Travelers' Aid Society, the Austrian Society of -New York, etc.</p> - -<p>2. <span class="smcap">Jewish Societies</span>: Three accredited with three workers. -The burden of this work falls upon the Hebrew Sheltering and Aid -Society, which has six regular workers.</p> - -<p>3. <span class="smcap">Catholic Societies</span>: Of which there are four, accredited -with eight workers, including five priests. Italian immigrants are -particularly cared for under this group by the St. Rafael's Society.</p> - -<p class="p1b">4. <span class="smcap">Protestant Christian Agencies</span>:</p> - - -<ul class="index"> - <li class="isub0"><i>Women's Baptist Home Mission Society</i></li> - <li class="isub2">Missionaries: Miss Martha M. Troeck</li> - <li class="isub7">Mrs. Marie C. Conversano</li> - <li class="isub0"><i>Congregational Home Missionary Society</i></li> - <li class="isub2">Missionary: Rev. P. D. Vassileff</li> - <li class="isub0"><i>New York City Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church</i></li> - <li class="isub2">Missionary: Rev. Charles Samuelson</li> - <li class="isub0"><i>Methodist Woman's Home Missionary Society</i></li> - <li class="isub2">Missionaries: Miss A. E. Mathews</li> - <li class="isub7">Immigrant Home: Miss Ellen Stenman</li> - <li class="isub0"><i>Woman's Board of Home Missions, Presbyterian Church, U. S. A.</i></li> - <li class="isub2">Missionary: Miss Teresa Fransee</li> - <li class="isub0"><i>Protestant Episcopal City Mission Society</i></li> - <li class="isub2">Missionaries: Rev. Elliot White</li> - <li class="isub7">Rev. G. J. D'Anchise</li> - <li class="isub0"><i>Board of Domestic Missions of the Reformed Church in America</i></li> - <li class="isub2">Missionary: Rev. Sidney Zandstra</li> - <li class="isub0"><i>Board of Home Missions, Reformed Church in the United States</i></li> - <li class="isub2">Missionary: Rev. P. H. Land</li> - <li class="isub0"><i>The Lutheran Emigrant House Association</i> (<i>German</i>) (Connected - with the Lutheran General Council), 21 Pearl Street, New - York City.</li> - <li class="isub2">Missionaries: Rev. Fritz O. Evers, Supt.</li> - <li class="isub7">Mr. Adolph Metshone</li> - <li class="isub0"><i>Swedish Lutheran Immigrant Home</i> (Connected with the Lutheran - General Council)</li> - <li class="isub2">5 Water Street, Missionary Supt., Rev. Axel C. H. Helander.</li> - <li class="isub0"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">19</a></span><i>Danish Evangelical Lutheran Church in America</i> (united)</li> - <li class="isub2">410 Grand Avenue, Kenosha, Wis.</li> - <li class="isub2">Missionary: Rev. J. J. Kildsig</li> - <li class="isub2">193 9th Street, Brooklyn</li> - <li class="isub2">Missionary: Rev. R. Andersen</li> - <li class="isub0"><i>German Evangelical Lutheran Synod</i> (Lutheran Immigrant Society)</li> - <li class="isub2">8 State Street, New York City</li> - <li class="isub2">Missionary: Rev. C. H. Restin, Supt.</li> - <li class="isub0"><i>Norwegian Lutheran Church of America, United</i></li> - <li class="isub2">Missionary: Rev. T. Aug. Tillehei</li> - <li class="isub0"><i>Swedish Evangelical Mission Covenant of America</i></li> - <li class="isub2">Missionary: Rev. P. Peterson</li> - <li class="isub0"><i>Young Men's Christian Association: The International Committee</i></li> - <li class="isub2">Workers: Rev. J. D. Marmaroff</li> - <li class="isub6">Mr. A. Carbonetto</li> - <li class="isub0"><i>Young Women's Christian Association: National Board</i></li> - <li class="isub2">Miss Mabel Cratty, Gen'l Sec'y</li> - <li class="isub2">600 Lexington Avenue, New York City</li> - <li class="isub2">Worker: Miss Adelaide Currie</li> - <li class="isub0"><i>Women's Christian Temperance Union</i></li> - <li class="isub2">Worker: Mrs. Athena Marmaroff</li> - <li class="isub0"><i>American Tract Society, New York City</i></li> - <li class="isub2">Missionary: Mr. Charles Carrol</li> - <li class="isub0"><i>New York Bible Society</i></li> - <li class="isub2">Missionaries: Mr. Ernest Jackson</li> - <li class="isub7">Rev. Michael Lodsin</li> -</ul> - - -<div class="figcenter"> - <img src="images/i_decor2.jpg" alt="Decoration" /> -</div> - - -<p class="center bold in0 p2t">Christmas Celebration<br /> -for the Immigrants at Ellis Island, New York<br /> -Thursday, December 23, 1915<br /> -PROGRAMME</p> - - -<table summary="Programme"> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Overture</td> - <td class="tdr">Salvation Army Band</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> 1. Hymn—"America"</td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> 2. Invocation</td> - <td class="tdr">Rev. Dr. Elliot White</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> 3. Christmas Song</td> - <td class="tdr">Played by the Band</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> 4. Greeting</td> - <td class="tdr">Commissioner Howe</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> 5. Christmas Greeting (in Italian)</td> - <td class="tdr">Rev. J. Moretto</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> 6. Christmas Greeting (in Spanish)</td> - <td class="tdr">Rev. G. J. D'Anchise</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> 7. Song</td> - <td class="tdr">Polish Children's Choir</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> 8. Christmas Greeting (in Greek)</td> - <td class="tdr">Rev. J. D. Marmaroff</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> 9. Christmas Greeting (in Russian)</td> - <td class="tdr">Rev. P. D. Vassileff</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">10. Song</td> - <td class="tdr">Bohemian Children's Choir</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">11. Christmas Greeting (in Swedish)</td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">12. Duet</td> - <td class="tdr">Capt. Toft and Dr. Leidzen</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">13. Christmas Greeting (in German)</td> - <td class="tdr">Rev. Paul Land</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">14. Fantasie</td> - <td class="tdr">Played by Salvation Army Band</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">15. Address (in English)</td> - <td class="tdr">Rev. Dr. C. P. Tinker</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">16. Hymn—"All Hail the Power of Jesus' Name"</td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">17. Remarks and benediction by the chairman</td> - <td class="tdr">Rev. Paul Land</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdc">Doxology</td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - </tr> -</table> - - - - -<hr /> - - <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">20</a></span></p> - -<div class="chapter"> -<h2>Boston Port of Entry</h2> -</div> - -<p class="drop"><span class="uppercase">Boston</span> is the headquarters for the District No. 2, including -Portland, Maine, Providence, R. I., New Bedford and Fall -River. The immigrant station in Boston is not at all adequate -to the needs.</p> - -<p>The Commissioner General of Immigration in his report of 1912 -quotes from the report of the Commissioner of Immigration at -Boston for 1912 as follows: "We are continuing to make the best -of the very limited quarters which are occupied as an immigration -station in Boston. An effort is made, however, to counterbalance the -inadequate conditions by insistence upon the highest standard of care -and cleanliness. The conditions at Portland and New Bedford are -probably as good as can be expected under the existing circumstances. -There is almost a total lack of proper inspection facilities at the -growing port of Providence."</p> - -<p>In some respects the ports of Boston and Ellis Island are quite -closely related. The Massachusetts Immigration Commission found -that the conditions at the boats from Boston to New York were very -bad indeed. These have been remedied to some extent. This, however, -is a very important matter and should have further consideration.</p> - -<p>During the past ten years the yearly average number of immigrants -arriving in Massachusetts has been 73,383.</p> - -<p>Seventeen missionary societies and other organizations have -eighteen to twenty workers at this port.</p> - -<p>An Immigrant Girls' Home is maintained in East Boston by the -Methodist Episcopal Church. This building is well equipped and -adequately furnished for its purpose. There are accommodations for -lodging about forty-five women and thirty to forty men and a few -rooms are provided for families. The Home is located near the wharf -of the Cunard Line.</p> - -<p>Mrs. A. C. Clark, the superintendent, has been engaged in this -work at the Boston port for twenty-seven years. She and Miss -Bridgman of the Y. W. C. A., and Miss Brown of the Woman's -Baptist Home Mission Society, have been working several years at -this port and are highly commended by the authorities for their excellent -service.</p> - -<p>The Y. M. C. A. has been doing in Boston work corresponding -to that of the Travelers' Aid Society. Representatives of the Y. M. -C. A. under the direction of Dr. Tupper are also working at this -port.</p> - - <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">21</a></span></p> - -<p>Excellent work is being done here also by the representatives of -other societies. Here as elsewhere the work, however, is almost -wholly unrelated to the conditions that obtain in New England, and -indeed in the immediate vicinity of the entry stations. The workers -are now considering a plan for organizing their work similar to that -adopted by the missionaries at Ellis Island. It seems now to be a very -opportune time to effect a good organization for the port work in -New England.</p> - -<p>The entire field of this district presents some problems that can, -without doubt, be finally solved and the proper solution of which -would result in very large gain in the work among the immigrants in -the entire New England region.</p> - - -<div class="figcenter"> - <img src="images/i_021.jpg" alt="Home" /> - <div class="caption"> - <span class="small">METHODIST EPISCOPAL<br /> - IMMIGRANT GIRLS' HOME,<br /> - EAST BOSTON, MASS.</span> - </div> -</div> - - -<p class="center bold in0 p2t">Missionaries and Workers at the Boston<br /> -Immigration Station</p> - - -<blockquote> -<p>Methodist Episcopal Immigrants' Home, Marginal Street, East -Boston. In charge of Mrs. A. C. Clark.</p> - -<p>Baptist Home Missionary Society, by Miss Mathilda Brown.</p> - -<p>Congregational Missionary Society, Rev. Oscar Lindergren.</p> - -<p>Swedish Home, Sailors' Boarding House, 111 Webster Street, East -Boston.</p> - -<p>Swedish Lutheran Society, Rev. A. F. Seastrand. Home, Boarding -House for Sailors, Henry Street, East Boston.</p> - -<p>Norwegian-Danish Home, 46 Cedar Street, Roxbury.</p> - - <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">22</a></span></p> - -<p>Rev. C. F. Wurl, a German and Scandinavian worker in connection -with his church in East Boston.</p> - -<p>Young Men's Christian Association, Mr. M. G. Tupper.</p> - -<p>Young Women's Christian Association, Miss Bridgman.</p> - -<p>Travelers' Aid, Miss Ogilvie.</p> - -<p>Salvation Army, 8 East Brookline Street, Boston.</p> - -<p>North American Civic League, two to four workers.</p> - -<p>Council of Jewish Women, Mrs. Sternberg.</p> - -<p>Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society, Abram Alpert.</p> - -<p>St. Vincent de Paul Society, office, Chardon Street, Boston. Miss -Hayes among English speaking peoples and Mrs. Haberstroh -among German speaking aliens. (Grey Nuns.)</p> - -<p>Polish National Alliance Immigration Aid Society. By John Romaszkiewicz.</p> - -<p>Boston Italian Immigrant Society, Boston. Under direction of Miss -Eleanor Colleton and Miss Cardolino.</p> -</blockquote> - - -<div class="figcenter"> - <img src="images/i_022.jpg" alt="Home" /> -</div> - - - - -<hr /> - - <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">23</a></span></p> - -<div class="chapter"> -<h2>Philadelphia Port of Entry</h2> -</div> - -<p class="center bold in0 p2t"><span class="smcap">Immigration Station</span></p> - -<p class="drop"><span class="uppercase">There</span> are two stations for landing the immigrants, one at the -foot of Washington Street; the other at the foot of Vine Street. -Immigrants are examined at these two stations. Those who -are detained for any reason are taken by boat to Gloucester -City where the new station has been built. In Gloucester they have a -very well-equipped building with offices for administration, sleeping -rooms for detained immigrants, dining room and small rooms for -special hospital cases. Until the new hospital is built, most of the -hospital patients are sent to different hospitals in the city. There is -also here a pier containing three acres on which is to be built a Receiving -Station to allow all immigrants to be examined at Gloucester. -The equipment of the building at Gloucester in every particular is -modern and of the very best. The dining room especially, is fitted -up in the very best approved style; it is large enough to allow two -hundred to eat at one time. The walls and floor are cement; the -tables and seats are metal, so that the entire room can be washed out -with hose, as the floor slopes toward a drain in which is carried off all -the water.</p> - - -<p class="center bold in0 p2t">Missionaries and Workers</p> - -<p>Twenty different societies are represented at this port by missionaries -or agents. Fourteen of these may be called strictly religious -societies. The work is carried on here about the same as at Boston -and Ellis Island. There is no definite plan for following up the work -after the immigrants leave Philadelphia. Those who remain in -Philadelphia are visited as far as possible and their addresses are -given to the workers of the nearest church or mission. The Episcopal -and Lutheran workers usually send the names and addresses of those -immigrants who are connected with their churches to the pastors in -the towns or cities to which these immigrants are going.</p> - -<p>The Lutheran Church has three representatives. They work together -in supplementing the work of each other.</p> - -<p>Under the direction of Mr. Demberg, the Young Men's Christian -Association Immigration Bureau conducts the work at this station -in the same manner as at other ports. Similar conditions obtain here -as at the other ports, namely, that the missionaries are doing a most -excellent work and in a very real sense, the most practical and helpful -work that is being done with the arriving immigrant. The same need -also is apparent here as elsewhere that the work should be organized -in such way as to bring it into vital touch with the immigrant work -in various Ports of Entry, and in close relation with the missionary -work in our towns and cities.</p> - - <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">24</a></span></p> - -<p>The Methodist Episcopal Church maintains a Deaconess Home at -611 Vine Street. Miss Ford of the Methodist Church, and Miss -Staake of the Lutheran Church, and Mr. Levins of the Philadelphia -Bible Society, have been engaged in the missionary service at the -Philadelphia Port for many years.</p> - -<p>The Philadelphia Bible Society distributed 50,479 books printed -in fifty different languages.</p> - -<p>The Women's Christian Temperance Union, through the work of -Miss M. L. Grunninger, during the year met ninety vessels and distributed -nearly 40,000 pages of literature.</p> - -<p>The Philadelphia Baptist City Mission Society carried on their -port missionary work through the services of their city missionaries.</p> - -<p>Mr. Levins, missionary of the Philadelphia Bible Society, related -the following incident:</p> - - -<blockquote> -<p>"I wish I could picture to you the dying of an immigrant at the -Immigrant Station. On one side knelt the Matron, and on the other -side Miss Ford, a Methodist deaconess, and before him an interpreter -reading from a Testament in his own language. The Matron held her -hands in the attitude of prayer, the dying man smiled and nodded his -head yes, indicating that he understood her and would pray. This -was the last comfort the dying stranger received—a Jew reading our -Master's Words to him and the prayers of two Christian women."</p> -</blockquote> - - -<p>At a Conference of the workers and of the missionaries and others -interested in the work at Philadelphia, it was voted that as soon as -practicable the Committee of Six should consider a definite plan for -organizing the missionary work at the Philadelphia Port. There was -a great desire for unity and efficiency in this service. There was -unanimous agreement that it would be wise, if possible, to organize -the work at this time so as to be definitely prepared for effective -service, and to meet whatever conditions may arise in the immigration -problem in the near future. This Conference also approved the -proposition to appoint in each port city a Local Advisory Committee -through which the missionary work could be supervised.</p> - -<hr class="style1" /> - -<p>The greatest decrease last year (June 30, 1915) was in non-skilled -or miscellaneous workers.</p> - - -<table summary="Statistics"> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> </td> - <td class="tdc">1914.</td> - <td class="tdc">1915.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Farm Laborers</td> - <td class="tdc">288,053</td> - <td class="tdc">27,723</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Laborers</td> - <td class="tdc">226,407</td> - <td class="tdc">48,351</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Servants</td> - <td class="tdc">144,409</td> - <td class="tdc">39,774</td> - </tr> -</table> - - -<p>Of the number admitted in 1899–1900, sixty-per cent. settled in -five states, New York, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Massachusetts and -New Jersey.</p> - - - - -<hr /> - - <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">25</a></span></p> - -<div class="chapter"> -<h2>The Philadelphia Immigration<br /> -Station</h2> -</div> - -<p class="center bold in0 p2t">Missionaries and Workers</p> - - -<blockquote> -<p>Lutheran Women of the East Pennsylvania Synodical Society: Miss -Marietta Staake.</p> - -<p>Women's Home Mission Society: Methodist Episcopal Church, Miss -Ford.</p> - -<p>Philadelphia Baptist City Mission Society: Workers in the City -Mission.</p> - -<p>Swedish Baptist Church: Rev. Swenson.</p> - -<p>Protestant Episcopal Church, St. Paul's Mission: Mr. Frank Longshore.</p> - -<p>Protestant Episcopal Church: Rev. Weinstein.</p> - -<p>Norwegian Church: Rev. Halvor Midtbo.</p> - -<p>Lutheran Church of the Mission Syndicate: Rev. A. H. Winter.</p> - -<p>Pennsylvania Bible Society: Mr. James Levins.</p> - -<p>Immigrant Missionary of the General Council of the Lutheran -Church: Rev. Erich Saul.</p> - -<p>Young Women's Christian Temperance Union: Miss Mary Grunninger.</p> - -<p>Young Men's Christian Association: Mr. Denberg.</p> - -<p>North American Civic League for Immigrants: Mr. W. Hartzel.</p> - -<p>Council of Jewish Women: Mrs. E. Shevall.</p> - -<p>Association for Protection of Jewish Immigrants: Dr. H. D. Pearlman.</p> - -<p>Catholic Immigration Society: Mrs. Brown.</p> - -<p>Polish Society: Mr. Dutkievitz.</p> - -<p>Friendly Sons of St. Patrick: Mr. Thos. D. Ferguson.</p> - -<p>Society for Italian Immigrants: Miss Jennie Lanzetta.</p> - -<p>Catholic Temperance Society: Mrs. Smith.</p> - -<p>Alliance Help for Lithuanian Immigrants: Mrs. Susanna Baranowsky.</p> -</blockquote> - - -<hr class="style1" /> - - -<p class="center bold in0 p2t">Emigration Statistics</p> - -<p>Emigration for a period of years is about one-third. From -1908–1910 inclusive: 81 per cent. had been in America not over five -years; 14.7 not over ten years.</p> - -<p>Of those coming to this country from 1890–1900 only 70 per cent. -were found here at the end of that period.</p> - -<p>In 1899–1909 there were more than 8,000,000 immigrants admitted. -Of this number 1,013,974 were under fourteen years of age, -and 6,786,506 were between 14–44, and 412,554 were over forty-five.</p> - - <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">26</a></span></p> - - -<p class="center bold in0 p2t">Present Responsibility for Future Opportunity</p> - -<p class="drop"><span class="uppercase">The</span> problem of restricting immigration that for many years -has been puzzling the politicians, reformers and various -civic and philanthropic and religious societies and national -organizations, has been settled for the time, at least, by the -European War.</p> - -<p>The danger is that the Christian Church shall regard this -breathing spell as a time for the relaxation of energy. Such an -attitude is wholly contrary to the real meaning of this hour and -does not at all respond to its earnest offer of a splendid opportunity -for effective service and permanent achievement. It is the -very best time we have had for several years to get together, to -study conditions, to canvass fields, to discover needs, and develop -methods of work.</p> - -<p>It has been demonstrated that the scope of this work can be -enlarged, and its effectiveness increased by organizing its activities, -so that this branch of our missionary service shall represent -the Christian love and life operating with a spirit wholly interdenominational -and non-sectarian through a body of workers, -inspired by the same motive, working by a common method, and -moving toward a well-defined goal. Thus our Ports of Entry -missionary service would be appreciated at its true value, and be -recognized by Government authorities and other organizations as -a most important and efficient factor, and be given the place it -deserves in cooperation with the federal, civic, educational and -philanthropic agencies, working in any comprehensive service for -welcoming and protecting the Immigrant.</p> - -<p>For the full consummation of this scheme, there must be clear -vision of the far-reaching scope of the Immigrant work and adequate -realization of the vast opportunity and unlimited possibilities -for achievement in this service. There must be a deep sense of responsibility -and keen appreciation of the price to be paid in order to -realize the fulfilment of the vision. There must be a willingness -to let go not a few denominational and perhaps personal preferences, -and a readiness to sacrifice some things that have been held -quite dear.</p> - -<p>It is the hour of a great responsibility devolving upon the -Christian Church to discharge her obligation to create such a spirit -of genuine fellowship between Americans "New" and "Old" that -there shall be established throughout our land a Christian brotherhood -that knows "neither border, nor breed, nor birth," even the -gracious and masterful "Brotherhood of the Sons of God."</p> - - <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">27</a></span></p> - - -<p class="p1b"><b>For the Purpose of Examining and Inspecting Immigrants</b> our -country is divided into twenty-two Immigration Stations with -headquarters at</p> - -<ul class="index"> - <li class="isub0">Montreal, P. Q., Canada</li> - <li class="isub2">Canadian border and Canadian seaports</li> - <li class="isub0">Boston, Mass. Subports of Portland and New Bedford</li> - <li class="isub0">Ellis Island, New York Harbor</li> - <li class="isub2">New York and New Jersey; immigration matters only</li> - <li class="isub0">17 State Street, New York. Chinese matters only</li> - <li class="isub0">Philadelphia, Pa.</li> - <li class="isub2">Substations of Pittsburg, Chester, and Wilmington</li> - <li class="isub0">Baltimore, Md. Subports of Annapolis and Washington</li> - <li class="isub0">Norfolk, Va.</li> - <li class="isub2">Subports of Newport News, Wilmington, and Charleston</li> - <li class="isub0">Jacksonville, Fla.</li> - <li class="isub2">Subports of Savannah, Brunswick, Tampa, Miami, Key West, - Pensacola, and Mobile</li> - <li class="isub0">New Orleans, La. Subports of Gulfport and Pascagoula</li> - <li class="isub0">Galveston, Texas</li> - <li class="isub2">Subports of Port Arthur and Corpus Christi</li> - <li class="isub0">Cleveland, Ohio</li> - <li class="isub2">Substations at Toledo and Cincinnati</li> - <li class="isub0">Chicago, Ill.</li> - <li class="isub0">Minneapolis, Minn.</li> - <li class="isub0">St. Louis, Mo.</li> - <li class="isub0">Denver, Colo. Substation at Salt Lake City</li> - <li class="isub0">Helena, Mont. Substation at Havre, Mont.</li> - <li class="isub0">Seattle, Wash.</li> - <li class="isub2">Subports of Tacoma, Port Townsend, and Olympia; substations - of Spokane and Walla Walla</li> - <li class="isub0">Portland, Ore. Subport of Astoria</li> - <li class="isub0">San Francisco, Cal.</li> - <li class="isub0">Ketchikan, Alaska. Substations of Skagway and Nome</li> - <li class="isub0">San Juan, P. R. Subport of Ponce</li> - <li class="isub0">Honolulu, Hawaii, including all ports</li> - <li class="isub0">El Paso, Texas</li> - <li class="isub2">Subports of Nagoles, Douglas, Waco, Del Rio, Eagle Pass, - Laredo, Hidalgo, and Brownsville; substations of San - Antonio, Tucson, and Fort Worth</li> - <li class="isub2">Southern California: port of San Diego and substations of - Los Angeles and Andrade</li> -</ul> - - - <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">28</a></span></p> - - -<p class="center bold in0 p2t">Immigration Statistics</p> - - -<table summary="Statistics"> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">From 1820–1915 Immigrant Aliens came to this country</td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - <td class="tdr">32,354,124</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">During the year ending June 30, 1914</td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - <td class="tdr">1,218,480</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">This was the largest number except in 1907, when the number was</td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - <td class="tdr">1,285,349</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Year ending June 30, 1915</td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - <td class="tdr">326,700</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Immigrants returning last year</td> - <td class="tdr">204,074</td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Immigrants deported last year</td> - <td class="tdr">2,564</td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> </td> - <td class="tdr">———</td> - <td class="tdr">206,638</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Net gain of the year ending June 30, 1915</td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - <td class="tdr">120,052</td> - </tr> -</table> - - -<p class="center bold in0 p2t">Immigrant Aliens for the Year Ending June 30, 1915</p> - -<table summary="Statistics"> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> </td> - <td class="tdr"><i>Admitted.</i></td> - <td class="tdr"><i>Departed.</i></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"><i>Atlantic Ports</i>:</td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> New York, N. Y.</td> - <td class="tdr">178,416</td> - <td class="tdr">150,014</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> Boston, Mass.</td> - <td class="tdr">15,983</td> - <td class="tdr">9,033</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> Philadelphia, Pa.</td> - <td class="tdr">7,114</td> - <td class="tdr">7,052</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> Baltimore, Md.</td> - <td class="tdr">3,017</td> - <td class="tdr">335</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> Canadian Atlantic Ports</td> - <td class="tdr">5,040</td> - <td class="tdr">2,448</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> Portland, Me.</td> - <td class="tdr">115</td> - <td class="tdr">95</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> New Bedford, Mass.</td> - <td class="tdr">827</td> - <td class="tdr">225</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> Providence, R. I.</td> - <td class="tdr">2,536</td> - <td class="tdr">1,984</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> Newport News, Va.</td> - <td class="tdr">192</td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> Norfolk, Va.</td> - <td class="tdr">30</td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> Savannah, Ga.</td> - <td class="tdr">13</td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> Miami, Fla.</td> - <td class="tdr">1,154</td> - <td class="tdr">843</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> Key West, Fla.</td> - <td class="tdr">762</td> - <td class="tdr">2,595</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> Other Atlantic</td> - <td class="tdr">27</td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"><i>Ports of Gulf of Mexico</i>:</td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> Tampa, Fla.</td> - <td class="tdr">1,637</td> - <td class="tdr">9</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> Pensacola, Fla.</td> - <td class="tdr">4</td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> Mobile, Ala.</td> - <td class="tdr">61</td> - <td class="tdr">2</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> New Orleans, La.</td> - <td class="tdr">1,694</td> - <td class="tdr">800</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> Galveston, Tex.</td> - <td class="tdr">2,272</td> - <td class="tdr">119</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> Other Gulf</td> - <td class="tdr">35</td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"><i>Pacific Ports</i>:</td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> San Francisco, Cal.</td> - <td class="tdr">8,055</td> - <td class="tdr">3,090</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> Portland, Ore.</td> - <td class="tdr">93</td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> Seattle, Wash.</td> - <td class="tdr">2,613</td> - <td class="tdr">748</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> Canadian Pacific Ports</td> - <td class="tdr">246</td> - <td class="tdr">250</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> Alaska</td> - <td class="tdr">485</td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"><i>Border Stations</i>:</td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> Canadian Border</td> - <td class="tdr">81,382</td> - <td class="tdr">22,922</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> Mexican Border</td> - <td class="tdr">9,003</td> - <td class="tdr">211</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"><i>Insular Possessions</i>:</td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> Honolulu, Hawaii</td> - <td class="tdr">2,966</td> - <td class="tdr">475</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> Porto Rico</td> - <td class="tdr">928</td> - <td class="tdr">824</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - <td class="tdr">———</td> - <td class="tdr">———</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">  Total</td> - <td class="tdr">326,700</td> - <td class="tdr">204,074</td> - </tr> -</table> - - -<p class="center bold in0 p2t">Occupations of Admitted Immigrants</p> - -<table summary="Statistics"> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> </td> - <td class="tdr">1914.</td> - <td class="tdr">1915.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Professional</td> - <td class="tdr">14,601</td> - <td class="tdr">12,279</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Skilled Laborers</td> - <td class="tdr">173,208</td> - <td class="tdr">55,638</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Miscellaneous</td> - <td class="tdr">710,456</td> - <td class="tdr">141,843</td> - </tr> -</table> - - <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_29" id="Page_29">29</a></span></p> - - -<p class="center bold in0 p2t p1b">Immigrants 1914–1915</p> - -<table summary="Statistics"> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Immigrant Aliens came in the years</td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> </td> - <td class="tdr">1914.</td> - <td class="tdr">1915.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">  to</td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Alabama</td> - <td class="tdr">1,450</td> - <td class="tdr">430</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Alaska</td> - <td class="tdr">886</td> - <td class="tdr">693</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Arizona</td> - <td class="tdr">3,886</td> - <td class="tdr">2,100</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Arkansas</td> - <td class="tdr">399</td> - <td class="tdr">147</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">California</td> - <td class="tdr">32,089</td> - <td class="tdr">20,116</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Colorado</td> - <td class="tdr">4,493</td> - <td class="tdr">1,339</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Connecticut</td> - <td class="tdr">33,192</td> - <td class="tdr">6,620</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Delaware</td> - <td class="tdr">1,559</td> - <td class="tdr">245</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">District of Columbia</td> - <td class="tdr">1,913</td> - <td class="tdr">1,087</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Florida</td> - <td class="tdr">6,471</td> - <td class="tdr">4,810</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Georgia</td> - <td class="tdr">778</td> - <td class="tdr">356</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Hawaii</td> - <td class="tdr">5,622</td> - <td class="tdr">2,934</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Idaho</td> - <td class="tdr">1,976</td> - <td class="tdr">1,226</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Illinois</td> - <td class="tdr">105,811</td> - <td class="tdr">19,062</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Indiana</td> - <td class="tdr">14,727</td> - <td class="tdr">2,146</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Iowa</td> - <td class="tdr">9,307</td> - <td class="tdr">3,407</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Kansas</td> - <td class="tdr">2,520</td> - <td class="tdr">744</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Kentucky</td> - <td class="tdr">944</td> - <td class="tdr">268</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Louisiana</td> - <td class="tdr">2,268</td> - <td class="tdr">1,451</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Maine</td> - <td class="tdr">7,278</td> - <td class="tdr">4,401</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Maryland</td> - <td class="tdr">8,944</td> - <td class="tdr">1,883</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Massachusetts</td> - <td class="tdr">93,200</td> - <td class="tdr">27,482</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Michigan</td> - <td class="tdr">49,639</td> - <td class="tdr">17,438</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Minnesota</td> - <td class="tdr">22,232</td> - <td class="tdr">9,115</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Mississippi</td> - <td class="tdr">500</td> - <td class="tdr">138</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Missouri</td> - <td class="tdr">13,781</td> - <td class="tdr">2,743</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Montana</td> - <td class="tdr">6,070</td> - <td class="tdr">3,454</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Nebraska</td> - <td class="tdr">5,056</td> - <td class="tdr">1,388</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Nevada</td> - <td class="tdr">1,171</td> - <td class="tdr">387</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">New Hampshire</td> - <td class="tdr">7,313</td> - <td class="tdr">2,832</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">New Jersey</td> - <td class="tdr">62,495</td> - <td class="tdr">11,248</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">New Mexico</td> - <td class="tdr">895</td> - <td class="tdr">561</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">New York</td> - <td class="tdr">344,663</td> - <td class="tdr">95,028</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">North Carolina</td> - <td class="tdr">463</td> - <td class="tdr">267</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">North Dakota</td> - <td class="tdr">4,313</td> - <td class="tdr">3,290</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Ohio</td> - <td class="tdr">74,615</td> - <td class="tdr">9,341</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Oklahoma</td> - <td class="tdr">946</td> - <td class="tdr">387</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Oregon</td> - <td class="tdr">5,547</td> - <td class="tdr">2,629</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Pennsylvania</td> - <td class="tdr">184,438</td> - <td class="tdr">24,596</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Philippine Islands</td> - <td class="tdr">13</td> - <td class="tdr">16</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Porto Rico</td> - <td class="tdr">1,203</td> - <td class="tdr">812</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Rhode Island</td> - <td class="tdr">12,569</td> - <td class="tdr">3,621</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">South Carolina</td> - <td class="tdr">260</td> - <td class="tdr">132</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">South Dakota</td> - <td class="tdr">1,754</td> - <td class="tdr">1,095</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Tennessee</td> - <td class="tdr">846</td> - <td class="tdr">306</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Texas</td> - <td class="tdr">14,630</td> - <td class="tdr">9,447</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Utah</td> - <td class="tdr">3,387</td> - <td class="tdr">1,296</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Vermont</td> - <td class="tdr">3,503</td> - <td class="tdr">1,928</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Virginia</td> - <td class="tdr">1,959</td> - <td class="tdr">855</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Washington</td> - <td class="tdr">20,061</td> - <td class="tdr">13,093</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">West Virginia</td> - <td class="tdr">12,399</td> - <td class="tdr">2,030</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Wisconsin</td> - <td class="tdr">20,660</td> - <td class="tdr">3,850</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Wyoming</td> - <td class="tdr">1,377</td> - <td class="tdr">430</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Unknown</td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> </td> - <td class="tdr">————</td> - <td class="tdr">————</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">  Total</td> - <td class="tdr">1,218,480</td> - <td class="tdr">326,700</td> - </tr> -</table> - - - <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">30</a></span></p> - - -<p class="center bold in0 p2t">Departed 1914–1915</p> - - -<table summary="Statistics"> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Emigrant Aliens departed in the years</td> - <td class="tdr">1914.</td> - <td class="tdr">1915.</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">  from</td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - <td class="tdr"> </td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Alabama</td> - <td class="tdr">277</td> - <td class="tdr">175</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Alaska</td> - <td class="tdr">78</td> - <td class="tdr">40</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Arizona</td> - <td class="tdr">560</td> - <td class="tdr">606</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Arkansas</td> - <td class="tdr">44</td> - <td class="tdr">25</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">California</td> - <td class="tdr">8,049</td> - <td class="tdr">7,063</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Colorado</td> - <td class="tdr">1,079</td> - <td class="tdr">607</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Connecticut</td> - <td class="tdr">7,571</td> - <td class="tdr">4,995</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Delaware</td> - <td class="tdr">370</td> - <td class="tdr">141</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">District of Columbia</td> - <td class="tdr">405</td> - <td class="tdr">269</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Florida</td> - <td class="tdr">1,961</td> - <td class="tdr">3,555</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Georgia</td> - <td class="tdr">121</td> - <td class="tdr">89</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Hawaii</td> - <td class="tdr">747</td> - <td class="tdr">561</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Idaho</td> - <td class="tdr">270</td> - <td class="tdr">195</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Illinois</td> - <td class="tdr">23,637</td> - <td class="tdr">11,682</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Indiana</td> - <td class="tdr">4,544</td> - <td class="tdr">1,331</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Iowa</td> - <td class="tdr">1,469</td> - <td class="tdr">755</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Kansas</td> - <td class="tdr">421</td> - <td class="tdr">110</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Kentucky</td> - <td class="tdr">178</td> - <td class="tdr">99</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Louisiana</td> - <td class="tdr">531</td> - <td class="tdr">369</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Maine</td> - <td class="tdr">673</td> - <td class="tdr">665</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Maryland</td> - <td class="tdr">1,313</td> - <td class="tdr">999</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Massachusetts</td> - <td class="tdr">15,983</td> - <td class="tdr">14,612</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Michigan</td> - <td class="tdr">10,809</td> - <td class="tdr">5,524</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Minnesota</td> - <td class="tdr">3,402</td> - <td class="tdr">1,504</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Mississippi</td> - <td class="tdr">47</td> - <td class="tdr">21</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Missouri</td> - <td class="tdr">2,744</td> - <td class="tdr">1,426</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Montana</td> - <td class="tdr">723</td> - <td class="tdr">532</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Nebraska</td> - <td class="tdr">520</td> - <td class="tdr">280</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Nevada</td> - <td class="tdr">288</td> - <td class="tdr">168</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">New Hampshire</td> - <td class="tdr">1,545</td> - <td class="tdr">978</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">New Jersey</td> - <td class="tdr">13,983</td> - <td class="tdr">7,108</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">New Mexico</td> - <td class="tdr">320</td> - <td class="tdr">206</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">New York</td> - <td class="tdr">76,017</td> - <td class="tdr">67,016</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">North Carolina</td> - <td class="tdr">73</td> - <td class="tdr">47</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">North Dakota</td> - <td class="tdr">405</td> - <td class="tdr">114</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Ohio</td> - <td class="tdr">16,472</td> - <td class="tdr">7,640</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Oklahoma</td> - <td class="tdr">215</td> - <td class="tdr">71</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Oregon</td> - <td class="tdr">907</td> - <td class="tdr">583</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Pennsylvania</td> - <td class="tdr">55,217</td> - <td class="tdr">27,499</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Philippine Islands</td> - <td class="tdr">11</td> - <td class="tdr">20</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Porto Rico</td> - <td class="tdr">969</td> - <td class="tdr">849</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Rhode Island</td> - <td class="tdr">2,821</td> - <td class="tdr">2,566</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">South Carolina</td> - <td class="tdr">43</td> - <td class="tdr">33</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">South Dakota</td> - <td class="tdr">183</td> - <td class="tdr">60</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Tennessee</td> - <td class="tdr">108</td> - <td class="tdr">60</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Texas</td> - <td class="tdr">927</td> - <td class="tdr">371</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Utah</td> - <td class="tdr">965</td> - <td class="tdr">718</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Vermont</td> - <td class="tdr">516</td> - <td class="tdr">483</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Virginia</td> - <td class="tdr">330</td> - <td class="tdr">233</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Washington</td> - <td class="tdr">2,638</td> - <td class="tdr">1,491</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">West Virginia</td> - <td class="tdr">3,357</td> - <td class="tdr">2,617</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Wisconsin</td> - <td class="tdr">4,731</td> - <td class="tdr">1,824</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Wyoming</td> - <td class="tdr">350</td> - <td class="tdr">167</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">Unknown</td> - <td class="tdr">31,421</td> - <td class="tdr">22,922</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl"> </td> - <td class="tdr">———</td> - <td class="tdr">———</td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td class="tdl">  Total</td> - <td class="tdr">303,338</td> - <td class="tdr">204,074</td> - </tr> -</table> - - - - -<hr /> - -<div class="figcenter newpage"> - <img src="images/i_back.jpg" alt="Liberty" /> -</div> - - - - -<hr /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<div class="transnote"> -<h2 class="nobreak p1">Transcriber's Note</h2> - -<p>Obvious punctuation and spelling errors have been repaired.</p> - -</div> -</div> - - - - - - - - - -<pre> - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Ports of Entry, by -The Joint Committee of Six: Home Missions Council and Council of Women for Home Missions - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK PORTS OF ENTRY *** - -***** This file should be named 55955-h.htm or 55955-h.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/5/5/9/5/55955/ - -Produced by ellinora, Larry B. 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