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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d7b82bc --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +*.txt text eol=lf +*.htm text eol=lf +*.html text eol=lf +*.md text eol=lf diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d5ee059 --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #54217 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/54217) diff --git a/old/54217-0.txt b/old/54217-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 6388bcb..0000000 --- a/old/54217-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,5699 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Farmer's Own Book, by J. D. Koogle - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - -Title: The Farmer's Own Book - A treatise on the numerous diseases of the horse - -Author: J. D. Koogle - -Release Date: February 21, 2017 [EBook #54217] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE FARMER'S OWN BOOK *** - - - - -Produced by The Online Distributed Proofreading Team at -http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images -generously made available by The Internet Archive) - - - - - -Transcriber’s note: Printing errors have been amended but the author’s -idiosyncratic style and spelling have not. - - - - - - THE - FARMER’S OWN BOOK: - - A TREATISE ON THE - Numerous Diseases of the Horse, - WITH AN - EXPLANATION OF THEIR SYMPTOMS, - AND THE - COURSE OF TREATMENT TO BE PURSUED; - ALSO A TREATISE ON THE DISEASE - OF - HORNED CATTLE. - - PUBLISHED BY - J. D. KOOGLE, - Middletown, Maryland. - 1858. - - ENTERED according to the Act of Congress in the year 1857, - BY J. D. KOOGLE, - In the Clerk’s Office of the District Court of Maryland. - - - - -PREFACE. - - -The object of this work is to give a thorough explanation of the numerous -diseases to which the horse is subject, and point out in a clear and -distinct manner the symptoms by which the diseases may be known, so -that the Farmer and others having the care of horses may be enabled to -detect any disease in its first stages,--thereby rendering it an easy -case to cure; also, giving a regular course of medicine to be pursued in -the treatment of the different diseases, by which almost any one, with -a little study, can treat the most difficult cases. The great objection -to other works that have been issued is that they do not point out the -symptoms of the diseases in horses; and their treatment is so badly -arranged that it is very difficult for the Farmer and persons generally -to understand it. The advantages this work possesses over others, is -its plainness in pointing out the difficulties attending the treatment -of diseases in horses and the manner in which they may be surmounted. -And it is hoped that those interested will give this book their careful -attention, as the author is satisfied that it will save them a vast -amount of time and trouble in times of need. - - THE AUTHOR. - - - - -[Illustration] - - - - -DISEASES OF HORSES. - - -The diseases of the horse are very numerous, and many of them so -complicated as to defy detection, except by those who are thoroughly -acquainted with the nature of the animal, and his mode of living. This is -the reason that horses which have been under the care of the farrier are -often returned to the owner in a worse condition than when they received -them. It is to prevent this practice as much as possible that has induced -me to bring this work before the public, in the hope of alleviating the -condition of that noble animal--_the Horse_. - -[Illustration] - - -THE POLL EVIL. - -This disease may arise from accident, but is commonly the result of blows -or bruises carelessly inflicted by those having charge of the horses. It -is a tumor or swelling in the sinews, found between the noll bone and the -uppermost joint of the neck, immediately on the nap of the neck. - -Nearly all farriers, tell you to sell your horse for anything he will -bring, or give him away; but I would advise you to keep your horse -and cure him, which can be done quickly and surely with the following -remedies: - - -REMEDY NO. 1. - -First wash the sore well with strong warm soap suds, then drop 8 or 10 -drops of muriatic acid in it twice a day, until it has the appearance -of a fresh wound, after which it should be washed clean with soap suds -from castile soap and then left to heal, which it will quickly do if the -acid has been used long enough in a proper manner; but if it does not get -well, wash as before, and apply the acid until a cure is effected. It is -a sure remedy, and will not fail if applied properly until the disease is -burnt out or killed. - -In case you should drop any of the acid on the part that is not affected, -apply a little oil, which will neutralize the power of the acid and -prevent it from becoming sore. - - -REMEDY NO. 2. - -When the disease first makes its appearance, take a quantity of asmart -and put it to soak, letting it remain all night. In the morning take -as much as you can hold in your hand and apply it to the swollen part, -holding it there some 20 or 30 minutes, pressing on it as hard as you -conveniently can, which must be repeated several times. This remedy -generally scatters the disease, but if it should fail you will be obliged -to use applications of a more astringent nature. - - -REMEDY NO. 3. - -After the disease has fully shown itself, wash as directed in Remedy -No. 1; then take Arsenic and apply it until the foul flesh has all -disappeared, and let it heal. This is a certain remedy, and has cured -several cases within my own knowledge. - - -REMEDY NO. 4. - -Take 1 quart of strong ley and boil it into a salve, then apply a portion -of the salve every 2 hours until the core comes out, and heal with elder -ointment. If this remedy does not effect a cure on the first application, -try it again, as it is a certain cure. Should the ley after being boiled -down leave a hard substance, it must be worked into a salve. - - -REMEDY NO. 5. - -First wash the ulcer well with warm soap suds; then take air-slacked lime -and put as much into the sore as will lay on, which must be repeated 2 or -3 times a day, and the affected part cleaned and swabbed out as often. -This, though very simple, is an excellent remedy, which I have never -known to fail. - - * * * * * - -The foregoing remedies are very plain and simple, and cannot fail if -properly applied. In washing the ulcers, use none other than castile -soap, which is far superior to any other for cleansing and healing wounds -and eruptions of any kind, and can be had from any of the drug stores -at 25 cents per pound. It is also an excellent article for domestic -purposes, such as shaving, &c. and will be found cheaper than any other -fine or toilet soaps. - - -FLATULENT OR WIND COLIC. - -This is an entirely different disease from the Spasmodic Colic. It often -originates with something that the horse has eaten and then drinking -large quantities of water, by which the food becomes fermented and -creates a gastric gas, which enlarges to a greater or less extent, -sometimes to twenty or thirty times the bulk of the food. It generally -takes place in the stomach, but at times in the small or large intestines. - - -SYMPTOMS. - -The horse suddenly slacks his pace, perhaps lays or falls down as if he -were shot. In the stable he paws the floor with his fore feet, lays down -and rolls, starts up instantly and throws himself down again with greater -violence, looks wistfully at his flanks, and makes many fruitless efforts -to void his urine. Here the symptoms are similar to other colics, but the -true character of the disease soon develops itself.--It is in one of -the large intestines, and the belly swells all round, but mostly on the -right flanks and as the disease progresses the pain becomes more intense, -and the horse more violent. The treatment is quite different from other -colics. - - -REMEDY NO. 1. - -Take 1 ounce of the chlorate of lime and ½ pint of warm water, put it -into a bottle and shake well, so as to dissolve, then give it as a -drench which will devour the gas, and cause the swelling to subside. If -in fifteen minutes after this has been given, the pain does not seem to -have been alleviated, take 4 ounces of spirits of Pimento, and 1 ounce -of Laudanum, mix it with ½ pint of warm water and give it also as a -drench. If you have no pimento and it is not convenient to get it, take -2½ ounces of peppermint, and 1 ounce of laudanum, and should you not have -laudanum, take a larger quantity of peppermint with ½ pint of warm water, -and give it as a drench. In this disease no time should be lost, as it -very often runs its course in from 1 to 2 hours. If the first should not -give relief in 15 or 20 minutes, repeat it until it does. Rubbing the -belly with a smooth rail or pole will greatly facilitate the action of -the medicine. Should you not have any of the above remedies on hand or -convenient, use from 1 to 2 ounces of golden tincture as the case may -require. - - -REMEDY NO. 2. - -In the first place take 2 ounces of the essence of peppermint, mixed with -½ pint of warm water and give it to him as a drench, then take a bat of -common raw cotton and set fire to it, holding it close to the nostrils -of the horse, so that he can freely inhale the smoke arising therefrom; -continue this until you see that the horse is relieved. The quantity of -cotton used is from 4 to 5 bats, as the necessity of the case may require. - -This is a simple and safe remedy, and numbers who have tried it say that -they have never known it to fail. I saw a horse that had suffered from -the colic for nearly three hours, being puffed up almost to bursting, and -in half an hour after this operation had been performed on him, he was -completely cured. - - -SPASMODIC COLIC. - -This is a disease to which horses generally are subject, and in -consequence of improper treatment, it often proves fatal. It is produced -by improper riding, feeding, watering, and may arise from a want of -proper action in the bowels, which occasions constriction of the -intestines and a confinement of the air. - - -SYMPTOMS. - -The horse begins to shift his position, looks around at his flanks, paws -violently, strikes his belly with his feet, and crouches in a peculiar -manner, advancing his hind legs under him, he then suddenly lies or -rather falls down, and balances himself on his back with his feet resting -on his belly. The pain seems to have ceased for a while, and he gets -up and shakes himself; he begins to feed, but in a short time the pain -returns, and is more violent than before; he heaves at the flanks, breaks -out in a profused perspiration, and throws himself more recklessly. -The pulse is little affected in the commencement, but as the disease -progresses, it becomes full. Legs and ears of a natural temperature. The -affection of the strength scarcely perceivable. - - -REMEDY. - -Relief may be obtained from motion in this disease. Take - - 1 ounce of turpentine, - 1 ounce of laudanum, - ½ pint of gin or good whiskey, - ½ pint of warm water. - -Mix and give it as a drench. Bleed, and if not relieved in half an -hour, repeat the dose, rubbing the belly with a stout brush or a smooth -rail. If not relieved in 15 or 20 minutes, repeat the dose and continue -it until relief is obtained. If the horse be walked about or trotted -moderately, it will relieve the spasms. A glyster with warm soap suds -should be injected, which may be done by burning the peth out of elder, -and filling a bladder with the suds, then tie the bladder on the elder -tight and force it into the fundament, occasionally throwing the warm -suds in until it operates; if a reasonable portion of it remains, it will -do no harm if it does not operate, but will help to relieve the spasms. -This should be done immediately, as in most cases no time is to be lost. -A glyster of tobacco smoke may be thrown in as a last resort. Keep the -horse in a warm stable and give bran mash and plenty of warm or thin -gruel for two or three days. - -The turpentine, laudanum, gin and warm water were never known to fail if -given at the proper time. Should you not have these medicines at hand, -give 2½ or 3 ounces of peppermint every 15 or 20 minutes until the horse -is relieved; or if you have no peppermint, give same quantity of golden -tincture. - -The gruel for feeding is made by putting any quantity of bran into -a bucket or tub, then pour boiling water over it, so as to scald it -thoroughly, and cover it with a cloth until it is cool enough for him to -eat. - - -INFLAMMATION OF THE BLADDER. - -In this disease and inflammation of the kidneys, the symptoms are -nearly similar; therefore, in order to ascertain whether the disease -is inflammation of the bladder or inflammation of the kidneys, it is -necessary to introduce the hand into the rectum, where you will find -the bladder immediately under the hand, if it feels hard and full, -accompanied by more than natural heat and tenderness, it is a sure case -of inflammation of the bladder, but if the bladder is empty and no -increased heat is apparent, then it must be a case of inflammation of the -kidneys. - -In treating these two diseases--though the symptoms are so much alike--be -very careful to observe that the course of treatment recommended in each -is entirely different, and should you give the medicine prescribed for -inflammation of the bladder for that of the kidneys, it will greatly -endanger the life of the horse. - - -SYMPTOMS. - -The early symptoms in this disease are generally those of fever, but the -seat of the disease soon becomes apparent. The horse occasionally looks -round at his flanks, stands with his hind legs wide apart, is unwilling -to lie down, straddles as he walks, evinces great pain in turning, -shrinks when his loins are pressed; the loins feel hot, the urine is -voided in small quantities, which is often highly colored and sometimes -bloody; he tries to urinate very often and strains painfully, but the -discharge is nearly or quite suppressed; the pulse is quick, hard and -full at first, but rapidly becomes small, indicating a disease of the -urinary organs, yet not distinguishing inflammation of the bladder from -inflammation of the kidneys. - - -TREATMENT--REMEDY. - -When you feel satisfied that it is a case of inflammation of the -bladder, blister the loins with the blister ointment and give 1 ounce of -turpentine with 1 ounce of laudanum. - - -INFLAMMATION OF THE KIDNEYS. - -The symptoms of this disease are similar to those of inflammation of the -bladder, but are to be treated in quite a different manner. Inflammation -of the kidneys is brought on by over-riding, heavy loads, improper -feeding, and sometimes by being poled on the haunches, or across the -kidneys and loins. - - -TREATMENT--REMEDY. - -Place a mustard plaster made with vinegar across the loins and bleed. -After this give an active purge, and when it begins to abate give of -white helebore from ½ to ¾ of a drachm, and 1½ drachms of tartar emetic, -with ½ a pint of warm water, this should be repeated 2 or 3 times a day, -according to the nature of the disease. For drink, give him warm water -or gruel as much as he will drink, and keep the back and loins warm and -comfortable. - - -INFLAMMATION OF THE LUNGS. - -This disease is generally brought on by sudden cold, hard driving, high -feeding, &c. - - -SYMPTOMS. - -The first appearance of this disease is generally marked by fits of -shivering, accompanied with a coldness throughout the entire body, which, -however, gradually wears off, and he becomes warm, except the ears and -feet; but it sometimes commences slowly, with a hard, dry cough, which -appears to give the horse great pain; he appears dull, and refuses to -eat his food; the pulse is obscure and oppressed--he heaves at the -flanks, the nostrils are extended, the eye-lids and linings of the nose -are inflamed with a disagreeable running at the nose, experiences great -difficulty in breathing, seems very stiff, is unwilling to lie down or -move, and often stands until completely exhausted. - - -TREATMENT--REMEDY. - -Bleed until the pulse becomes round and full, and then the heart will be -able to accomplish its object; next hand rub the legs, well, wrap them up -with flannel bandages as high as the knees, put a blanket on the horse to -keep him warm, but let the stable have a sufficient opening to admit the -fresh air, not so much as to make it cold or chilly. In warm weather the -horse cannot have too much fresh air. The following prescription will be -found very beneficial: - - 1 drachm powdered foxglove, - 1½ “ tartar emetic, - 3 “ nitre, - 4 “ tincture of aloes, - ½ pint of warm water. - -Mix well, give it as a drench and clyster with soap and warm water; when -the focus has become softened a little, _leave off using the tincture of -aloes_, but continue to administer the remaining portion of the above -prescription, and blister the sides and brisket with the blister ointment -every 6 hours. If the ointment should act well on the first application, -there is no further need for it, but should it not act properly continue -the blistering until it does, or until the parts become very sore, and in -two or three days after dress with lard. - -In the latter stages of the disease it will be found very difficult to -get the blister to act properly on account of the exhaustion of the -natural powers of the animal, but it must be continued, and the sinking -energies aroused, or the horse is lost. The blister is often prevented -from acting by the gig being up. - -In this disease the treatment should be prompt and decisive, as not a -moment of time is to be lost. The first object should be to subdue the -inflammation, and if the mouth continues hot, the extremities cold, and -the nose red, the horse must be bled again and again in rapid succession, -the good that we can do must be done immediately or not at all. - -The first step to be taken in this disease is to bleed profusely--let the -lancet used be a large, broad shouldered one, in order that the blood -may be extracted as quick as possible and the disease destroyed without -impairing the strength of the animal. (If the blood be allowed to flow -slowly in a small stream, the strength of the animal will be sapped, -while the disease remains untouched.) Let the blood flow until the pulse -falters and the horse begins to tremble; no harm will be done however if -he should fall by bleeding in this disease. As soon as possible after the -bleeding, give the medicine prescribed; then hand rub and bandage, and -cover with warm blankets; feed him on bran mash and let him run to grass -for a month. - - -INFLAMMATION OF THE BOWELS. - -This disease arises from various causes, and is frequently brought on by -long standing costiveness, neglected gripes, or hard riding, over heating -and immediately drinking of cold water. - - -SYMPTOMS. - -In many cases of this disease fits of shivering or restlessness are the -first indications of its approach; the mouth becomes hot, the nose red, -the horse begins to evince the most intense pain by pawing, striking -at his belly with his feet, looking wildly at his flanks, groaning and -rolling. The pulse is quick but small, the ears and feet cold, the belly -tender to the touch and sometimes hot, the breathing is quickened, the -bowels costive, and the horse rapidly becoming fearfully weak. He paws -and stamps as in the colic, but the pulse is much quicker than in that -disease, and the pain becomes constant without any intermissions, as -occur in colic. - - -TREATMENT--REMEDY. - -Commence by bleeding profusely, taking at least 7 or 8 quarts of blood, -or as much as the horse can bear, which must be done immediately, or a -fatal termination may be looked for. If the horse does not seem to have -been relieved or the pulse become round and full, the bleeding must be -repeated as the only means of subduing the inflammation, which is the -immediate cause of the weakness. If the inflammation is subdued by the -extraction of the blood the weakness will soon disappear. After the -bleeding, make a strong decoction of aloes and opium or laudanum, say 1 -ounce of laudanum with the same quantity of the tincture of aloes, and -give it to the horse; this must be quickly followed by back-raking and -an injection of soap and warm water or thin gruel, in which epsom salts -or aloes may be dissolved in moderate quantities; repeat this until the -bowels are completely cleaned out. He should be given as much warm water -or thin gruel as he will drink, and half the quantity of tincture of -aloes and laudanum should be administered every two or three hours until -the bowels are freely opened. Blister the sides and belly with common -blistering ointment and bandage the legs up to the knees with flannel, -cover him with blankets as directed in inflammation of the lungs, and -give him a comfortable stable, but not too hot, with plenty of fresh air. -No corn or hay should be allowed in this disease--bran mash will answer -very well for feed, but green meat is preferable if it can be had. Turn -him out for two or three hours in the middle of the day if not too cold; -give the legs good hand-rubbing every day; continue to clyster with thin -gruel for two or three days. - - -BOTS OR GRUBS. - -The Bots or Grubs are small worms of a red or brownish color, found in -the stomach, and it is considered almost impossible for them to do any -harm, but a horse that has the bots, grubs or worms, loses flesh, becomes -hide bound and dull. - - -SYMPTOMS. - -In this disease a yellowish matter is often found under the horse’s tail; -he has pain, stamps and rolls, switches his tail between his legs, turns -up his upper lip, and frequently looks round to his flanks, and often -tries to rub his fundament against the wall, or any other place that he -can. - - -TREATMENT--REMEDY NO. 1. - -First give an active purge, and if that is not sufficient to expel them, -take 2 drachms of tartar emetic, with a small quantity of tin or pewter -filings, or a little ground glass, make into balls or pills, and give one -every morning for two weeks; if it is necessary, the balls can be made -with a little tar, which will also improve the condition of the horse. - - -REMEDY NO. 2. - -Take 1 pint of common honey and give it as a drench; in two hours after -give an active purge:--1 pint of molasses added to 1 pint of soft soap -and a handful of salt will answer very well. Repeat the dose if it does -not operate in four or five hours. - - -MEMBRANES OF THE NOSE. - -SHOWING THE SYMPTOMS THAT MARK THE DIFFERENT STAGES OF THE DISEASE. - -1st.--The pale pink hue, when the horse is in perfect health. - -2d.--An increased tinge of red, and the gradual uniform painting of the -membrane, indicating some excitement of the general system. - -3d.--The streaked appearance when inflammation is threatening or -commencing. - -4th.--The intense florid red, of inflammation being acute. - -5th.--The starting of the vessels from their gossamer coat, and their -seeming to run bare over the membranes, when inflammation has attained -its highest point. - -6th.--The pale ground, with patches of vivid red, showing the half -subdued but still existing fever. - -7th.--The uniform color, but of a deeper red than natural, indicating the -return of a healthy state of the circulation. - -8th.--A paleness approaching to white, with a slight radiation of -crimson, showing that there is still considerable irritability, and that -mischief may be in the wind. - -9th.--The pale, livid color, warning you that the disease is assuming a -typhoid character. - -10th.--The deep livid, announcing that the typhus is establishing, and -that the vital current is stagnating. - -11th.--The brown or dirty painting, intermingling with and subduing the -lividness, denoting that the game is up. - -12th.--These appearances will be guides to our opinions and treatment, -which can never be too highly appreciated. - - -THE EYES. - -From the eye of the horse we form an idea of his age. There is, at the -back of the eye a considerable quantity of fatty substance, on which -it may revolve easily, without friction. In aged horses much of this -disappears, the eye becomes sunken, and the pit above it deepens: The -eye is a very important organ of the horse, and should be large, clear, -shining, lively, dark colored, round and full, so that you may look deep -into them; when moving but a small portion of the white should show, and -the purchaser who notices this should pause ere he completes his bargain -for a horse that shows too much of the whites of his eyes. - - -THE EARS. - -Those who are acquainted with the nature of the horse pay much attention -to the size and motion of the ear. Ears rather small than large, placed -not too far apart, erect and quick in motion, indicate both breeding and -spirit. If a horse is frequently in the habit of carrying one ear forward -and the other backward, and especially when on a journey, he generally -possesses both spirit and continuance; and if attentive to what is taking -place about him, he cannot be much fatigued or likely soon to become so. - - -STAGGERS. - -A number of opinions have been advanced in relation to the origin -and seat of this disease. Some think that it is confined entirely to -the head, while others say that the lungs are also affected; that it -originates in the stomach, from which it is removed by the action of the -lymphatic vessels, and being thrown into the circulation is diffused -throughout the entire system, and carried by the arteries into the lungs, -through which all the blood in a horse’s body passes many times during -an hour, where it undergoes a change, thus depositing a portion of the -poisonous matter that had been received into the stomach in the lungs. It -is common to horses of all ages and conditions, and is a very rare case -where it does not prove fatal. - - -SYMPTOMS. - -The symptoms in this disease are feebleness, drowsiness, loss of -appetite, a constant hanging of the head, with inflamed eyes, nearly -closed; he kicks, rears and plunges, seemingly unconscious of what he is -doing; it is dangerous for any one to approach him in this state; the -ears and forehead hot, accompanied by a burning fever. - - -TREATMENT--REMEDY. - -The first step to be taken in this disease is to relieve the overloaded -organs of the brain, which should be done by opening the neck or jugular -vein with a large lancet, that the blood may flow freely. No definite -quantity of blood need be taken, but let it run until the horse begins -to falter and blow; or, perhaps, with more assurance of success, until -he falls. Immediately after inject freely with warm water, and give as -a drench ½ ounce of aloes, ½ ounce of ginger, and ½ pint of warm water; -feed on bran mash and green meal. - - -RABIES OR MADNESS. - -If a horse be bitten by a dog or horse that is affected with rabies or -madness, the wound should be well burned out with caustic, (nitrate -of silver,) and on the third day after remove the scab and repeat the -operation. The caustic should reach every part of the wound. - -The following remedy has often been administered, and found effectual in -nine cases out of every ten. Take - - 2 ounces of fresh leaves of tree-box, - 2 “ “ of rue, - ½ “ sage, - -Chop these very fine and boil in a pint of water down to half a pint; -strain carefully, and press out the liquor, put back the ingredients into -a pint of milk, and boil again to half a pint; strain as before, mix -both liquors, which forms three doses for a human subject. Double this -quantity for a horse or cow. Two-thirds of the quantity is sufficient for -a large dog, half for a middling sized, and one-third for a small dog. -Three doses are sufficient each subsequent morning fasting, giving the -quantity directed, being that which forms these three doses. - - -INJURY OF THE EYE. - -The eye itself of the horse is rarely injured by blows and bruises -carelessly inflicted by passionate persons, but the substance that -surrounds it may be seriously wounded, and considerable inflammation -ensue--this may be abated by the application of poultices, bleeding -and physicing. Sometimes the eye-lids become inflamed from the same -cause--fomentations of warm water will be serviceable in this case. The -horse occasionally has a scaly eruption on the edges of the eye-lids, -attended with much itching, in the effort to allay which the eye is often -blemished by being rubbed against some hard substance--the nitriated -ointment of quicksilver, mixed with an equal quantity of lard may be -slightly rubbed on the edges of the lids, with good effect. Warts are -sometimes attached to the edges of the lids, and are a source of great -irritation--they should be removed with a pair of sharp scissors, and -their roots touched with lunar caustic. In common inflammation of the -eye, free bleeding, cooling applications, physic and mash diet will -usually allay the evil; the tincture of opium is a good lotion. - - -LAMPASS. - -The lampass is a swelling of the gums on the inner side of the upper -jaw, to which young horses are mostly subject, and sometimes suffer -considerably before it is discovered. - -In some cases the swelling will subside without further medical treatment -than administering a few alteratives, and feeding on bran mashes, but -should this fail it will have to be cured by cutting across the bars with -a lancet or pen-knife. If, however, it returns in three or four months -after this operation, which it sometimes does, take a sharp, flat piece -of iron, a little crooked at one end, heat it and burn out the disease a -little below the level of the teeth, being very careful not to let the -iron rest or bear against the teeth. After this operation give the horse -a little meal, mixed with a small quantity of salt, and feed on mashes. - - -THE PROCESS OF TEETHING. - -At 1½ years of age the mark in the central nippers will be much shorter -and fainter; that in the other pairs will have undergone an evident -change, and all the nippers become flat. - -At 2 years this will be more manifest, and about this period a fifth will -appear. Now, likewise, another process is commencing: the first teeth are -adapted to the size and wants of the young animal, and are sufficiently -large to fill the colt’s jaws. - -At 3 years old the horse should have the central permanent nippers -growing, the other two pairs wasting away; six grinders in each jaw above -and below, the first and fifth level with the others, and the sixth -protruding; the sharp edge of the incisors, which will be very evident -when compared to the neighboring teeth. - -At 4 years the central nippers will be fully developed, with the edge -somewhat worn off, and the mark in them shorter, wider and fainter; -the next pair will have made their appearance with the mark deep, and -extending entirely across them. The corner nippers will be larger than -the inside ones, yet smaller than they were and flat, with the mark -nearly effaced. The sixth grinder will have become level with the others, -and the tushes beginning to make their appearance. - -At 5 years the horse’s mouth is almost perfect. The corner nippers are -quite up with the long, deep mark, irregular on the inside, and the -other nippers bearing evident tokens of increasing wearing. The tush is -much grown, the grooves have almost or quite disappeared, and the outer -surface is regularly convex. - -At 6 years the mark on the central nippers is worn out, though there is -still a difference in the color of the centre of the teeth. The cement -filling the hole, made by the dipping in of enamel, will present a -browner hue than the other part of the teeth. - -At 7 years the mark in the manner which we have described it, has worn -out in the four central nippers, and is fast disappearing in the corner -teeth; the tush also is beginning to alter--it is rounding at the point, -the edges, and without, and beginning to get round inside. - -At 8 years old the tush is rounded in every way, the mark has disappeared -from all the bottom nippers, and it may almost be said to be out of the -mouth. There is nothing remaining in the bottom nippers afterward that -can clearly show the age of the horse. - - -CHEST FOUNDER. - -I believe this disease to be nothing more than the rheumatism, produced -by suffering the horse to remain too long tied up and exposed to the -cold, or riding him against a very bleak wind. - - -SYMPTOMS. - -The horse has considerable stiffness in moving, evidently not arising -from the feet; there is a tenderness about the muscles of the breast and -occasional swelling; it is sometimes accompanied with a considerable -degree of fever. - - -TREATMENT--REMEDY. - -Bleeding, physic, and a rowel in the chest, warm stabling and warm -clothing, with occasional doses of antimonial powder, will soon subdue -the complaint. - - -INFLAMMATION. - -Inflammation consists of an increased flow of the blood to and through -the parts. The proper mode of abating which is to lessen the quantity -of blood--if we take away the fuel, the fire will go out--all other -means are comparatively unimportant contrasted with bleeding. Blood is -generally extracted from the jugular vein, so that the general quantity -may be lessened, but if it can be taken from the neighborhood of the -diseased part, it will be productive of tenfold benefit: one quart -of blood extracted from the foot in acute founder, will do more good -than five quarts taken from the general circulation; an ounce of blood -obtained by scarifying the swollen vessels of the inflamed eye, will give -as much relief to that organ as a copious bleeding from the jugular. This -is a principle in the animal’s nature which should never be lost sight -of; hence the necessity for bleeding early and largely in inflammation of -the lungs, or of the bowels, or of the brain, or of any important organ. -Many horses are lost for want of, or insufficiency in bleeding, but we -never knew of one being materially injured by the most copious extraction -of blood. - -It is very difficult to decide when a cold or hot application is to be -used, and no general rule can be laid down, except that in cases of -inflammation in the early stages, cold will be preferable, but when the -inflammation is deeper seated or fully established, warm fomentations -will be found most serviceable. Stimulating applications are frequently -used in local inflammation. When the disease is deeply seated, a -stimulating application to the skin will cause some irritation and -inflammation there, and lessen or remove the malady; hence the use of -rowels and blisters in inflammation of the chest. If we excite it in one, -we shall abate it in the other,--and also, by the discharge which we -establish from the one, we shall lessen the determination of the other. -Stimulating and blistering applications should never be applied to a -part that is already inflamed. A fire will not go out by heaping more -fuel upon it; hence the mischief which is often done by rubbing those -abominable oils on a recent sprain, hot and tender. Many a horse has -been ruined by this absurd treatment, when the heat and tenderness have -disappeared by the use of cold lotions or fomentations. When the leg or -sprained part remains enlarged long or matter threatens to be deposited, -it may be right to excite inflammation of the skin by a blister, in order -to rouse the deeper seated absorbants to action and enable them to take -up this deposit; but, except to hasten the natural process and effects -of inflammation, a blister or stimulating application should never be -applied to a part already inflamed. - - -INFLAMMATION OF THE LARYNX. - -He who is desirous of ascertaining whether there is any disease in -the larynx of a horse, should apply his ear to the lower part of -the windpipe. If he finds that the air passes in and out without -interruption, there is no disease of any consequence, either in the -windpipe or the chest, for it would be immediately detected by the -loudness or the interruption of the murmur. Then let him gradually -proceed up the neck with his ear still upon the windpipe; perhaps he soon -begins to recognize a little gurgling sound. He can have no surer proof -that there is the seat of the disease. - - -TREATMENT--REMEDY. - -The treatment here is very plain: Blood must be copiously extracted from -the jugular vein, which must be done quickly, letting it run until the -pulse begins to flutter, then administer the fever medicine: - - 1 drachm digitalis, - 1½ “ emetic tartar, - 3 “ nitre, - ½ ounce aloes, - -Which must be repeated twice or thrice in the day. Aloes may be safely -given at this stage of the disease, because the chest is not yet -implicated. To this must be added immediately a blister, and a sharp one. - - -EPIDEMICS. - -In epidemics all offensive matter should be immediately and carefully -cleared away, and no small portion of the chloride of lime used in -washing the stables, troughs, &c., and particularly his ulcers, &c. - - -CHRONIC COUGH. - -If a harsh hollow cough is accompanied by a staring coat; it proceeds -from irritability of the air passages, which will be discovered by the -horse coughing after drinking, or when he first goes out of the stable -in the morning, or by occasionally snorting out thick mucus from the -nose, medicine may be given with advantage to diminish the irritation; -generally small doses of digitalis, emetic tartar and nitre administered -at night. Take - - Digitalis ½ drachm, - Emetic tartar 1 drachm, - Nitre 1 drachm. - -This should be mixed into a ball with tar and given every night regularly -for a considerable length of time. A blister extending from the root of -one ear to that of the other, taking in the whole of the channel and -reaching six or eight inches down the windpipe has been tried with good -effect. Feeding has much influence on this complaint: too much dry meat, -and especially chaff increases it; carrots afford decided relief. - - -THICK OR BROKEN WIND. - -There is no remedy for the cure of this but it may be improved. The -horse should have full proportions of solid food, but very little hay, -and no chaff; he should not be worked immediately after a heavy meal; -water should be given in moderate quantities, but the horse should not be -suffered to drink as much as he likes until the day’s work is over; green -meat will always be serviceable, and carrots are particularly useful. - - -PHYSICING. - -A horse should be carefully prepared for the action of physic. Two or -three bran mashes given on that or the preceding day, which should be -continued until the dung becomes softened, as a less quantity of physic -will then suffice. On the day which the physic is given, the horse should -have walking exercise, or may be gently trotted for a quarter of an hour -twice in the day; but after the physic begins to work, he should not be -moved from his stall. A little hay may be put in the rack, and as much -mash given as the horse will eat, and as much water as he will drink with -the coldness off. Aloes is the best purgative, for there is no other that -is at once so sure and safe--the dose is from ½ to 1 ounce, if the horse -is properly prepared. The only other purgative on which dependence can -be placed is the croton; the dose varies from 1 scruple to ½ a drachm. -Linseed oil is an uncertain but safe purgative, in doses from a pint to -a pint and a half. Epsom salts are an inefficacious remedy except in the -immense dose of a pound and a half, and then they are not always safe. - - -SPRAINS OF THE BACK SINEWS. - -Should there remain the slightest lameness or enlargement, the leg must -be blistered; and it would seldom be a bad practice to blister after -every case of severe sprain. The inflammation may lay deep, and the part -once sprained may long remain weak, and subject to renewed injury, not -from unusual but ordinary exertion. The horse should be afterwards turned -out for one or two months. - -We must here again repeat that a blister should never be used while any -heat remains. - - -ENLARGEMENT OF THE HOCK. - -A horse with an enlarged hock must always be regarded with suspicion: in -truth he is unsound. The animal may discharge his usual work during a -long period, without return of lameness, but when all his energies are -required, the weakened part will fail. The treatment is plain enough: -fomentations, blistering, &c. may remedy the evil. - - -SPRAIN OF THE COFFIN JOINT. - -The proof of this is when the lameness is sudden, and the heat and -tenderness are principally felt around the cornet. Bleeding at the toe, -physic, fomentations and blisters are the usual means adopted. This -lameness is not easily removed even by a blister, and if removed like -sprains of the fetlock and of the back sinews, it is apt to return again. -Sprains of the coffin joint sometimes become a very serious affair; not -being attended by any swelling, and being detected only by heat around -the coronet. First reduce the heat by fomentations: say bathe the foot -with water as warm as the hand will bear, fomentate with this for 15 or -20 minutes--the long continuance of fomentations has been found very -efficacious in reducing inflammation; next apply a clay poultice made -with vinegar, and when getting dry moisten by pouring vinegar on the foot -and clay. After the heat has left the parts, then blister. The horse -should not be used for a month or two. - - -GREASE. - -Grease consists of swollen legs, although swelled legs occur frequently, -yet there is no grease. Friction and bandaging will generally remove -this. Grease is a specific inflammation of the skin of the heels, -sometimes of the forefeet, but oftener of the hinder ones. It is not a -contagious disease, as some have asserted although when it once appears -in a stable, it frequently attacks almost every horse in it.--Bad stable -management is the true cause of it. The first appearance of grease is -usually a dry and scurfy state of the skin of the heel, with redness, -heat and itching. The heel should be well but gently washed with soap and -water, and as much of the scurf detached as is easily removed. If the -cracks are deep, with an ichorous discharge and considerable lameness, -it will be necessary to poultice. A poultice made of carrots boiled soft -and mashed will answer the purpose. The efficacy of a carrot poultice -is seldom sufficiently appreciated in cases like this. The poultice -just referred to should be diligently applied at night, to insure -success, and when the heat and tenderness and stiffness of motion have -diminished, astringent lotions should be applied. Either the alum lotion -or a strong decoction of oak bark--perhaps the alum dissolved in whiskey -will do better than water, or the alum dissolved in a decoction of bark -will answer better than either. This disease requires perseverance--the -decoctions should be made very strong. After washing several times should -there be watery matter on the heels or leg, wash it off with wafer and -soap. Moderate physicing, bran mashes, &c. will be found very beneficial. -The above decoctions will never fail to cure the scratches. - - -INFLAMMATION OF THE FEET, ACUTE FOUNDER. - -This is a disease that was less understood than any other until very -recently. It often arises by allowing a horse that is very much heated to -stand in the snow or cold water for any length of time, or where he is -apt to become chilled, which produces a general stiffness throughout the -entire system; but it will soon be observed that the seat of the disease -is in the feet, by the disinclination of the horse to remain upon them. - - -SYMPTOMS. - -The earliest symptoms of fever in the feet are restiveness, frequent -shifting of the fore legs, but no pawing. The pulse is quickened, the -flanks heaving, the nostrils red and his moaning indicating great pain. -He looks about his litter, as if preparing to lie down; he continues -to shift his weight from foot to foot; he is afraid to draw his feet -sufficiently under him for the purpose of lying down, but at length he -drops. His lying down will distinguish inflammation of the feet from -that of the lungs, in which the horse obstinately persists in standing -until he drops. His quietness when down will distinguish it from colic or -inflammation of the bowels. He will point out the seat of the disease by -looking at the part; his muzzle will often rest on the feet or affected -foot. - - -TREATMENT--REMEDY NO. 1. - -The treatment in this disease resembles that of other inflammations. -Bleeding is indispensable and that to its fullest extent. Four quarts of -blood should be taken from the toe of the foot, which may be put into -warm water to quicken the flow of blood. Poultices of linseed meal, -made very soft, should cover the whole of the foot and pastern, and be -frequently renewed. This will relieve its painful pressure on the swelled -and tender parts beneath. The shoe should be removed, the sole pared as -thin as possible, the crust and quarters well washed--all this should -be done gently. Sedatives and cooling medicines should be diligently -administered, consisting of digitalis, nitre and tartar emetic, 1 drachm -digitalis, 2 drachms tartar emetic, 3 drachm saltpetre. If no amendment -is apparent after this, blood should again be extracted on the following -day. In extreme cases, a third bleeding may be justifiable, and instead -of the poultice, cloths kept wet with water in which nitre has been -dissolved, in the proportion of an ounce of nitre to a pint of water. The -cloths should be wrapped around the feet. - - -TREATMENT--REMEDY NO. 2. - -Take 1 quart sweet milk, 1 quart molasses, ½ oz. pulverized saltpetre, -mix and dissolve all together, give in 2 drenches about 5 minutes apart: -this is highly recommended by those who have tried it. - - -RESTIVENESS, OR TAMING HORSES. - -Mr. Catlin has published an account, the veracity of which is -unimpeached, of his travels among the North American Indians. “He coils -his lasso on his arm and gallops fearlessly into the herd of wild horses. -He soon gets it over the neck of one of the number, when he instantly -dismounts, leaving his own horse, letting the lasso pass out gradually -and carefully through his hands until the horse falls for want of breath. -The Indian advances, keeping the lasso tight upon his neck until he -fastens a pair of hobbles on the animals two fore feet,--then passing -a noose round the under jaw by which he obtains great power over the -affrighted animal, that is rearing and plunging when it gets breath. By -this means he gradually advances until he is able to place his hand on -the animal nose and over its eyes, and at length to breathe into its -nostrils, when it soon becomes docile and conquered; so that he has -little else to do than remove the hobbles from its feet, and lead or ride -it to the camp.” - -Mr. A. B. Moss happened to read this account, and he felt a natural -desire to ascertain how far this mode of horse training might be employed -among the American horses. He soon had an opportunity of putting the -veracity of the story to the test. A man on a neighboring farm was -attempting to break a very restive colt, which had foiled him in every -possible way. After several attempts, he succeeded in breathing into one -of the horse’s nostrils, and from that moment all became easy. The horse -was completely subdued. He suffered himself to be led quietly away with a -loose halter, and was perfectly at command. - - -BROOD MARES. - -Great care and attention should be paid to brood mares, particularly -three or four weeks before foaling. She should be worked up to the day of -foaling, being very careful not to overwork or exert her too much; light -and moderate work is an advantage to the animal with foal. She should -be fed on a little flax seed meal, or the whole seed if the meal cannot -be obtained, twice a week at least six or eight weeks before foaling, -and should never fail to turn out to grass of a night for several weeks -previous to foaling. Should be fed on bran mash through the winter, and -up to the time of foaling, which will be found very advantageous to both -mare and colt. There is nothing so refreshing as a bran mash with a -little salt in it, adding a reasonable quantity of corn and oats. If this -course and caution is taken you will not lose one mare out of a hundred, -and perhaps not one out of a thousand. - - -WARTS. - -Warts are found on the eye-lids, the muzzel, the ears, the belly, the -neck, the penis, and the prepuce. There are some caustics available, but -frequently they must be removed by an operation. - -If the root is very small it may be snapped asunder close to the skin -with a pair of scissors, and touched with lunar caustic. - -If the pedicle or stem is somewhat larger, a ligature of waxed silk -should be passed firmly round it and tightened every day. The source of -nutriment being thus removed the tumor will in a short time die and drop -off. - -If the warts are large or in considerable clusters, it will be necessary -to cast the horse in order to cut them off close to the skin. The root -should then be seared with a red hot iron; unless these precautions are -used the warts will speedily sprout out again. - - - - -A COMPLETE LIST OF Receipts Belonging to the Horse. AND THEIR USES. - - -CELEBRATED HORSE POWDERS. - -FOR THE CURE OF YELLOW WATER, HIDE BOUND, GRUB WORMS, BOTS, &C. - -These powders will cleanse the blood and give new life and vigor to the -animal, its effects will soon be made apparent. They are harmless and can -be fed with safety. Take - - ½ pound gentian root. - 1 “ flour of brimstone, - 1 “ fenugreek, - ½ “ alum, - ¼ “ gum asafœtida, - 1 “ rosin, - ¼ “ angelica root, - ½ “ rhubarb, - ½ “ columbo, - 1 “ copperas, - 1 “ cut and dried tobacco, - ½ “ cream of tartar, - ¼ “ red tartar, - 1 “ epsom salts, - 1 “ juniper berries, - ½ “ garden benedict, - ½ “ salts of nitre, - 1 “ spice berries, - 1 “ antimony, - 1 “ ginger, - -Mix and pulverize well. The glass should be ground through a fine mill -two or three times. If the benedict and spice berries cannot be obtained -it will do well without them. - - -DIRECTIONS FOR USE. - -The dose is 1 table spoonful night and morning, with bran mash or oats, -which can be increased or diminished to suit the case. By leaving out -tobacco it will make an excellent powder for cows, hogs, sheep, &c. - - -TO CURE GALDS ON HORSES. - -Take dry white lead and sprinkle it on the gald twice a day, which will -dry it up and cure it in a short time. - - -ARABIAN OIL FOR HORSES. - -This oil is an excellent mixture for sprains, swellings, galds, &c. -either for a human subject or a horse. Take - - 1 quart of linseed oil, - 1 pint of turpentine, - 4 ounces oil of origanum - 6 “ oil of spike, - 6 “ spirits of camphor, - 1 “ oil of sassafras. - -Mix and shake well before using, and keep the vessel that contains it -well corked. The spirits of camphor is made by taking 95 per cent. -alcohol, adding as much gum camphor as it will dissolve. - - -FOR THE BOTS. - -Dissolve in a pint of milk warm water ¼ lb. of alum and give it as a -drench; in ten minutes after give 1 pint of linseed oil. - - -AN INFALLIBLE LOTION FOR BLOWS, BRUISES, SWELLINGS, SPRAINS, &C. - -This lotion is truly astonishing in its effects, and cannot be surpassed -for the purposes for which it is intended. Dissolve 2 ounces of gum -camphor in 1 pint of 95 per cent. alcohol, and when dissolved add - - 2 ounces oil of turpentine, - 2 “ spirits sal amoniac, - 1 “ oil origanum, - 2 tablespoonsful laudanum. - -This lotion must be well rubbed in with the hand for a full quarter of an -hour every time it is used, which should be four times a day. - - -FOR THE BLACK TONGUE. - -Take a handful of fine salt and rub well upon the tongue of the horse -that has this disease, which will effect a cure in two applications. It -is an infallible, simple and cheap remedy. - - -LOTION FOR SCRATCHES OR GREASE. - -Take white oak bark and make a strong decoction of it by boiling; then -dissolve a portion of pulverized alum in the decoction, say ½ pound of -alum to a quart of decoction, and it is ready for use. Before applying -the lotion, wash the parts with warm soap suds two or three times a day. -This lotion has never been known to fail when properly applied. A lotion -made of alum and water is said to be good. - - -TO QUIET OR TAME HORSES. - -Take of the oil of roses 4 drops, oil of cummin 4 drops, and a portion -of the wart or horney substance that forms on the leg, powder it fine; -then drop the oil in and mix it in your hand, put some up the horse’s -nostrils, and give him some in his feed. This is said to be a certain -remedy for taming horses, so that you may handle them as you please. - - -TREATMENT OF FOUNDER. - -As soon as it is ascertained that the horse is foundered, take from the -neck vein from 1 to 2 gallons of blood; then give 1 ounce of pulverized -alum, mixed with damp oats; place the horse in a dry stall, ground floor -is best, wrap the legs up as high as the knees and hock joints, with -woollen cloths, saturate them with cold water for seven or eight hours; -give him no food for twenty-four hours, and then let it be a light feed -of oats and bran mash mixed. In two or three days turn him out for -exercise. If the ankles continue feverish, bathe them at night with equal -parts of vinegar, alcohol and sweet oil. - - -FOR URINE BOUND. - -Take dandeline leaves, make a strong decoction and drench freely. A -decoction made of water-melon seeds will answer the same purpose. Whiskey -will generally accomplish the object. - - -FOR THE DISTEMPER. - -Give the horse indigo water to drink: feed on bran mash mixed with a -small quantity of sulphor or brimstone; or you may use some good horse -powders, adding thereto a little of the brimstone. The easiest mode to -tincture the water with the indigo is to put it into a common muslin -bag; then dip the bag into the water, letting it remain until the water -becomes bluish, or until you think it contains a sufficient quantity of -the indigo. Give no other water to drink. This is a safe remedy. - - -HOOF OINTMENT. - -Take 1 pound of tar and 1 pound of tallow, mix them with ½ pound of -common turpentine in a stone ware dish; stir them until they are -thoroughly mixed together. This is an excellent dressing for sore hoofs, -for horses and oxen. - - -EMBROCATION FOR THE THROAT. - -This embrocation may be used without taking the hair off. Take - - 2 ounces spirits of hartshorn, - 2 “ oil of turpentine, - 2 “ spirits of camphor, - 1 “ laudanum. - -Mix well and put into a bottle; keep it well corked. - - -TO MAKE ELDER OINTMENT. - -Take the green leaves of elder, if they can be had; if not, take of the -inside bark any quantity and lard in proportion to the elder, then fry to -a crisp, which will be found very efficacious in healing sores, scalds, -burns, sprains, or any humorous swelling. The elder alone fried in the -same manner and strained, makes a much better ointment. This is worth -making and keeping on hand, as its cost is a mere trifle. - - -FOR BLOOD OR BOG SPAVIN. - -For curing the above disease dress with mercurial ointment two or three -times, and then with iodine ointment. To make mercurial ointment, take -1 ounce of quicksilver to 3 ounces of lard, beat both together until -thoroughly mixed. Iodine ointment is made by mixing equal quantities of -iodine and mercurial ointment well together. - - -A GOOD HORSE POWDER. - -The following prescription will make an excellent powder for ordinary -purposes. Take - - 2 pounds sulphor of brimstone, - 2 “ cream of tartar, - 1 “ antimonia, - 1 “ saltpetre. - -The dose of this mixture is 1 table spoonful morning and evening. - - -ON BLISTERING. - -The Spanish fly in its action is intense, yet superficial. It plentifully -raises the cuticle, yet rarely injures the true skin and therefore seldom -blemishes. The application of other acrid substances is occasionally -followed by deeply seated ulceration; but a blister composed of the -Spanish fly alone, while it does its duty, leaves, after a few weeks -have passed, scarcely a trace behind. The art of blistering consists in -cutting or rather shaving the hair close, then rubbing on the ointment at -least ten minutes. As soon as the vesicles have risen, which will be in -something like 20 hours, you may relieve the animal by the application -of olive or neatsfoot oil. In inflammation of the lungs, &c., it should -be made to act sooner. The principle of the blister is, that no intense -inflammation can exist in the neighboring parts at the same time. An -infusion of 2 ounces of the flies in 1 pint of oil of turpentine, for -several days, is frequently used, and with good effect. This is a sure -and safe remedy. If in the winter blanket the horse to keep him warm -until he is over it; put a blanket over the head also if very cold. - - -TINCTURE OF ALOES AND MYRRH. - -This will answer well for dressing either fresh or old wounds. Take - - 8 ounces of powdered aloes, - 1 “ “ myrrh, - 1 quart spirits of wine, - 1 ounce water, - -Put these into a bottle and shake every day for two weeks, when it will -be ready for use. This is an excellent preparation, and can be relied -on. Any person having horses should never be without this tincture, the -cost being but a mere trifle, and will often and in every case save time, -trouble and expense, where there is use for it. - - -TINCTURE OF OPIUM. - -To make the above take 2 ounces of powdered opium and 2 pints spirits of -wine, put into a bottle and shake well every day for a week, when it will -be ready for use. - - -COMMON BLISTERING OINTMENT. - -To make the above ointment which may be used for blistering in -inflammation of the lungs, bowels, &c. Take - - 1½ pounds of lard, - 2 ounces venice turpentine, - 2 “ rosin, - 2½ “ spanish flies, powdered, - -Melt the rosin, turpentine and lard in any common vessel, and when the -mixture begins to cool put in the powdered flies; mix well by stirring. -Before applying the blister clip or shave the hair off and grease, rub -well for ten minutes. After it has acted, grease with lard or oil. - - -FOR RING BONE OR SPAVIN. - -The following will be found very useful for removing ring bone or spavin, -or any other bony substance. Take - - 8 ounces of spanish flies, - 1 pound of lard, - 1 “ rosin, - 6 ounces of venice turpentine, - -Melt the lard, rosin and turpentine over a slow fire, and when beginning -to cool add the spanish flies. Apply three mornings in succession; and in -twelve hours after the last application dress with lard; keep out of the -water while blistering, which may be reduced with oil and used for the -purpose of irritating and removing inflammation, lameness, &c. The horse -should not get wet while blistering. - - -SPIRITS OF PIMENTO. - -To make spirits of pimento take - - ½ pound of ground allspice, - 1 quart of alcohol. - 1 “ of water, - -Put these into a bottle and shake well before using. It is now ready for -use though it is better to let it stand several days. This is a good -lotion for the wind colic after the gas has been removed. - - -TINCTURE OF IODINE. - -To make this tincture take 1 ounce of iodine, 1 pint of spirits of wine, -and mix well. It is very good for enlarged glands of the neck, joints and -muscles, and may be used twice a day without taking the hair off. - - -LINIMENT FOR SPRAINS, SWELLINGS, &c. - -To make this liniment, which will never fail in curing sprains, -swellings, &c. &c. Take - - 2 ounces hartshorn, - 2 “ spirits camphor, - 1 “ oil of turpentine, - ½ “ laudanum. - -Mix well together and put into a bottle, being careful to keep it well -corked. - - -COOLING LOTION FOR INFLAMMATION - -This is an excellent lotion for wounds of the eyes, &c. to be used after -bleeding freely. Take - - 2 drachms sugar of lead, - 1 “ white vitriol, - 1 pint lime water. - -Put them into a bottle and shake often, so as to dissolve the -ingredients. Apply it as a wash, bathing the parts affected two or three -times a day. - - -FOR THE SWEANEY. - -This is a troublesome disease, and is very common amongst horses. It can -easily be detected by examining the withers, which will be slightly sunk, -and the skin becomes very tight to the muscles and flesh; and if suffered -to run on, the horse will get very lame and the skin tight, and the -withers much sunken. I have seen horses frequently have it on the rump -or near the hip bone; it would cause the horse to become very lame. This -disease should be attacked when first discovered, and never suffer it to -run on until the horse becomes very lame and the parts much sunken. - - -REMEDY. - - Take 1 pint strong vinegar, - “ 1 gill spirits turpentine, - “ 1 oz. pulverized saltpetre. - -Put all into a bottle, shake, mix and dissolve well, and it is fit for -use. Rub the liniment on the sunken parts with the hand as much as will -soak in twice a day, until it becomes sore, and the skin gets loose; -then apply once a day until all is used. This liniment will never fail -in curing if applied properly, and is the only safe and sure remedy for -sweaney. I have never known it to fail; you may grease with sweet oil 1 -day after using the last time. This liniment will take off the hair, but -it will do no harm, as the hair will come out in a short time as fine as -ever, and will not leave the least blemish. The liniment must act on the -skin, and if it does not make sore or act on the skin, add more spirits -turpentine. If you have a horse that has the sweaney, do not put yourself -to the trouble of getting any person to cure it for you, or purchase any -quack medicine for it; but go to work and cure it yourself, which can -be done for 12½ cents. The horse should not be worked while using it. I -have known it to be cured whilst working the horse, but the animal should -not be punished in that way. In case the first dose does not entirely -relieve, use the second time: this you will have no need for if you do -not work the horse. - - -HOW TO THROW OR MAKE A HORSE LAY DOWN. - -Whatever you may intend the horse to do, it is always necessary to give -him some idea what you wish him to do, and repeat whatever it may be -until the horse is sure to remember it. To make a horse lay down, bend -the left fore leg until the hoof is nearly bottom upwards; then fasten a -loop over his leg above the pastern joint firmly, so that he cannot get -the foot down: next fasten one end of another strap around his right foot -above his hoof; place the strap through the left leg where it is bent; -keep the strap in your right hand; keep on the left side of the horse; -let the bridle have a strap to it; bring this up over the opposite-side -of his neck, grasp it with your left hand, drawing the strap steady, -so as to draw his head to the right; pull steady with the right hand -strap, bearing against the shoulder to cause him to move; when he does -move, he will come on his knees; keep the strap tight, so that he cannot -straighten his leg; keep him in this position, turning his head towards -you; bear against his side slightly with your shoulder with an equal -pressure; in ten minutes or so, he will be down. As soon as he is down, -he will be conquered; and you can handle as you please; keep his head up, -now you may take off the straps, straighten out his legs, rub him about -the face, head and neck with your hand the way the hair lays; handle -all his legs gently, and he will soon learn that you won’t do him any -harm. After he has laid some 15 or 20 minutes, let him get up again. -Rest him a short time, and make him lay down again as before: repeat the -operation three or four times which is sufficient for one lesson; give -him 3 or 4 lessons, and he will lay down by taking hold of one foot, and -tapping him on the other leg with a stick while you have hold of his -foot--finally he will lay down from the motion of the stick. Before you -attempt to make a horse lay down, place a thick bed of hay on the floor -or ground, so that he cannot hurt himself in the least. If your horse -is very scarry, fretful or skittish after you have given him one or two -lessons, take something that will rattle or any thing that is calculated -to frighten him, rattle it and pass over his head and about him; he may -be much frightened at first, keep his head up, and he cannot get up, and -by continuing with this, he will soon get used to it and not mind it. -It will be the same with a kicking horse after you pass over him with -harness, chains, &c. he will soon become accustomed to it, so that you -can hitch him up and work him with safety.--In all cases where horses -have been broke of bad habits, you should be cautious not to show him -opportunities to learn his old tricks over. The most gentle horse can be -spoiled and brought into bad habits; so you should be careful with the -one that has just been broke from his bad habits. - -The above is the only safe and sure course which you can pursue with a -horse with bad habits. I would here again press upon you when you have -him on his knees, to commence patting him under the belly--continue with -gentle strokes upon the belly. You will in a few minutes bring him to -his knees behind: continue the process and he will lay down and submit -himself to your treatment. By proceeding gently you may handle his feet -and legs any way you choose. By practising this process a few times, -you will find him perfectly gentle and submissive, and will generally -follow you, and is unwilling to leave you unless he be very wild; the -first treatment will answer.--Should you have a very wild horse, and -cannot manage him, take the button or horney substance which grows on the -back part of the horse’s leg; dry this, pulverize it fine, drop a few -drops of oil of roses and a few drops oil cummin; put some of this up his -nostrils: this is best done by putting it in a large quill and blowing it -up the nostril; feed him with a small portion of it from off your hand, -with a little oats; also breathe your breath into his nostrils; by doing -this, he will permit you to handle his feet, legs, &c. or permit you to -get on his back, or suffer you to handle as you please. By pursuing these -courses, and handling occasionally, always letting him know what you want -him to do, you will be able to quiet and tame a horse to become perfectly -gentle. - - -RULES FOR A HORSE THAT SHYES. - -When you have a horse that shyes or scares at a stump, log or any object -that may come in his way, never whip him for it, or attempt to force him -up to it or by it. But be easy with him, try and get him up to the object -by gentle handling; patting and rubbing him on the neck, shoulders, &c. -Finally you will get him up to the object, and he will smell or feel -it with his nose. If you pursue this course he will finally forget and -give up the habit of scaring. If you wish to satisfy yourself about this -course, take a buffalo robe or a red blanket, place your horse in a yard -and hold up the robe, moving towards him; he will soon throw up his -head, snort and run. Then throw the robe down in the centre of the yard; -if frightened he will not rest until he has touched it with his nose; -he will soon begin to walk toward the robe and snort, getting a little -closer until he touches it with his nose, he will see that it will do him -no harm, and finally he will pick it up with his teeth and care nothing -about it. This will show you at once that if you can get him up to the -object and let him feel it with his nose, he will care nothing about -it, and soon forget his scaring, &c.--When you try the robe experiment -step up to one side and watch his motions, and he will soon give you -the principle upon which he acts. The same course must be pursued in -breaking wild colts; go up to it cautiously and by degrees, never rush up -to it all at once; be cautious, watch the colt, and if you see that he -is frightened at your approach stop a little, and when he becomes quiet -approach a little nearer, and so on until he will suffer you to touch -his face, then rub him gently the way the hair lays; continue doing this -until he will permit you to feel him pretty near all over; then place -your halter on him, gently rubbing and feeling him over the face and -head. When you have the halter on lead him over the yard cautiously; do -not frighten him or whip him. Never whip unless he is very stubborn and -does not fear you, then you should give him a few sharp cuts with the -whip about his hind legs so as it will crack sharp and cause him to fear -you. After you have him started feel his face, fore legs, &c. a good -deal more than you have whipped him, then he will soon become fond of you -again. After you have learned him to move off, you may put on the bridle -and learn him by gentling him as you did with the halter; you may now put -on the saddle, but do it cautiously, feeling him by degrees, then get -yourself a block about eighteen inches high, place this by his side and -when he gets used to this get up on the block, then put your foot in the -stirrup, putting a little of your weight in it by degrees; as soon as you -find he will bear it you can get on the saddle and make him move off, but -do it all cautiously so as not to frighten him. When you have learned him -all this you may next put on the harness, carefully feeling him first, -and give him to understand what you want him to do; as soon as he finds -out you will not hurt him he will suffer the harness to be put on; now -you may hitch him to a light log, and learn him to pull this first; when -he does this well use a heavier one, and when he does this all well you -can hitch him up in a wagon or sulky, but do it all carefully, and do not -frighten him or you may make a bad job of it. The above principle should -always be carried out in every thing you wish the horse to learn. You -cannot expect a man to do any piece of work for you unless he understands -it, or has learned the principle of it, much less can you expect a horse -to do something he knows nothing about. If you pursue this course you -can soon get the horse to understand what you want him to do, and he -will become very fond of you. I will here state that if you have a very -stubborn colt or horse, you may use the oil of roses and oil of cummin -with the powdered button, which should be blown into his nostrils. - - -HOW TO DRIVE OR BREAK A KICKING HORSE. - -Or horses with bad habits. First take up one fore foot, bend his leg -till his hoof is bottom upward, then slip a loop over his knee above the -pastern joint to keep it tight. This should be done with a leather strap, -forming a loop around the one, and so fixed as to buckle around the -other; be careful so as to fasten it so as it cannot slip down or come -loose, or you may pass a loop over the leg, and with another strap tie -the loop close together, between the leg, so as to prevent it from coming -down. This will leave the horse on three legs. You can handle now as you -wish, as it is impossible for him to kick whilst his leg is up. This will -conquer the horse quicker than any other course which you can pursue, and -especially a kicker or one that runs off when he has the chance so to do. - -The surest plan for a horse that will attempt to run off as soon as you -hitch him up, is to fasten up his leg as directed above or learn him to -hop along on three legs awhile, which he will soon learn to do. Exercise -him two or three times, in this way fifteen or twenty minutes at a time, -or until conquered, allowing his leg to be loosed. When you have learned -him to walk in this way, fasten up his leg and put the harness on him -and hitch up to sulky. Now you may drive off and need not be fearful of -the horse kicking or doing any damage while one foot is up, nor can he -kick or run fast enough to do any harm. But you can now drive him as you -please. Should he want to run let him have the lines and whip too, with -perfect safety; by doing this two or three times you will cure him at -once of running off. The horse will be frightened at first, but he will -soon see that you do not want to hurt him and will not care anything more -about it. You can finally let down the leg and drive off gently without -any further trouble. - -I will here give you another plan to break or prevent a horse from -kicking whilst working him. Loop a strap or rope around the horse’s hind -leg, with one end and with the other end fasten around the foreleg, -allowing it just long enough for him to make a step, in order to keep -the strap from dragging on the ground or being in his way while walking. -Pass a strap around his back, letting it pass under his belly and fasten -it up in this way; this properly done will soon conquer him, as it is -impossible for him to kick whilst the strap is to his legs. - -I will still give you another plan to prevent a horse from kicking. Loop -a strap around the hind leg; let it pass through between the fore legs, -thence through the ring of the bridle bit, allowing the strap just long -enough for him to make the step, now fasten the strap. You can now drive -off with safety, as it is utterly impossible for him to kick or to do any -harm. You should pass a strap around the horse’s back and fasten up the -strap or rope to prevent it from dragging on the ground. - -Another still to prevent a horse from kicking when hitched up in shafts, -if he will stand quiet long enough to fasten in the shafts, when you have -him hitched up, loop a strong strap around the shaft on the one side, -let it pass over the hips and fasten it to the shaft on the opposite -side; next fasten the strap to the harness at the top, so as to prevent -it from slipping down; you can now drive off with safety, as far as the -kicking is concerned; for he cannot kick to do any harm if the strap -stays firmly at its place, and the vehicle heavy enough to prevent him -from raising it. - - -FOR THE BLACKSMITH. - -If you have a horse which you cannot manage to shoe, take up his leg as -directed in the kicking horse, and handle him awhile, patting and rubbing -all his legs, &c.; when he becomes quiet, let his leg down to rest; -then take it up again and rub his legs as before, and let him know what -you are about to do to him; then let his leg down and commence to shoe. -Should he be very fretful yet, and will not suffer you to put on the -shoe, you will meet with success by making him lay down and perform as -directed in making the horse lay down. - - -CURE FOR BOTS. - -Mix 1 pint honey with 1 quart sweet milk; give as a drench; 1 hour after -dissolve 1 oz. pulverized copperas 1 pint of water, use as a drench; -then give 1 quart linseed oil; this cure is said to be effectual. The -principle of giving the horse the sweet drench is good; it will generally -cause the bots to let loose and take a fill of the sweet drench; then you -should not fail to give plenty of physic to carry them off. - - -HOW TO MAKE A HORSE FOLLOW YOU. - -Put your horse into a large stable or small yard; commence to gentle -him a little, take hold of the halter or bridle, turn him towards you, -touching him with a long whip; at the same time lead him the length of -the stable or yard, rubbing him on the neck, face and head; say to him -gently as you lead, come along boy, or better to use his name: whenever -you turn, touch him slightly with the whip, so as to make him step up -close to you; then gentle him again with your hand as before; he will -soon learn to escape the whip and to be gentled with the hand; he will -soon learn to follow you around without taking hold of the halter or -bridle. Should he stop or turn from you, give him a few cuts about the -hind legs; he will soon turn his head towards you, when you must always -gentle him with your hand. A few lessons will make him follow you or -run after you if he sees the motion of the whip; in a half hour he will -follow you about the stable or yard. After you have given him 3 or 4 -lessons in this way, you can take into a lot and from thence into the -road, and he will follow you any where and run after you. - - -HOW TO LEARN HIM TO STAND STILL. - -Commence to gentle him with your hand about the head, &c. Should he move -give him a cut with the whip and put him back in the same place if he -stands; gentle him with the hand as before, and continue in this until -you can get around him without making him move; continue walking around -him, increasing your walk, touching him occasionally; enlarging your -circle as you walk around, and if he should move, give him a cut with the -whip and put him again in his place; if he stands go up to him frequently -and gentle him with your hand; then walk around him again. Do not keep -him in one position too long at a time; permit him to come to you and -walk him around or about with you; then stand him at another place, and -continue as before. Do not train him more than half an hour at a time. -You should never attempt to train a horse to do more than one thing at -a time. Learn him the one which you have commenced on well first; then -in no case should you attempt to learn him another under a week or so, -always using caution no matter what you wish him to do or learn. - - - - -A LIST OF MEDICINES BELONGING TO THE HORSE, THEIR PROPERTIES AND USE. - - -ANTIMONY. - -A compound of sulphor and antimony is a good alterative. It is given with -sulphor and nitre in varying quantities. - - -SPASMODICS. - -Of these opium stands first on our list, next peppermint, tincture of -pimento, turpentine, camphor, asafœtida, &c. - - -SPIRITS OF CAMPHOR. - -The spirits of camphor is made by taking 95 per cent. alcohol, put in as -much gum camphor as it will dissolve. - - -VINEGAR. - -Vinegar is a very useful application for sprains, bruises, &c. Equal -parts of boiling water and cold vinegar will form a good fomentation; -extract of lead or bay salt may be added with some advantage. - - -ALCOHOL--RECTIFIED SPIRITS. - -This is used in making many tinctures and other preparations; 3 or 4 -ounces of which are largely diluted with water, and given to a horse -that has become fatigued while on a journey, will cause him to rally and -cheerfully pursue his course to the end of the day’s travel. - - -AQUA-FORTIS. - -This is a valuable external application for destroying fungus -excrescences. A pledget of tar should be dipped in the acid, then firmly -pressed on the cankerous surface. Every part with which the acid comes in -contact will be deadened and slough off, when healthy granulations spring -up. - - -SULPHURIC ACID. - -Sulphuric acid is a good application for the thrush and canker, and in -fact the only thing that can be relied on. It is occasionally used with -tar in the proportion of an ounce of acid to 1 pound of tar. - - -ALOES. - -The Barbadoes aloes is the best for the horse. They are of a dark brown -color; they are very useful for physic, and the dose is from ½ to 1 -ounce, which should be given immediately in cases where it is needed. -They are also very useful in the form of a tincture, to make which 8 -ounces of powdered aloes and 1 ounce of powdered myrrh, put into 2 quarts -of alcohol diluted with an equal quantity of water. This mixture should -be well shaken once a day for a fortnight, and be suffered to stand, -in order that the undissolved portion may fall to the bottom. This -constitutes an excellent application for wounds, whether recent or of -long standing and indisposed to heal. It is not only a gentle stimulant -but it forms a thin coat over the wound, and shields it from the action -of the air. - - -ALUM. - -Is occasionally used internally in cases of supurgation, in the form -of alum whey:--two drachms of pulverized alum being put into a pint of -hot milk; yet there are much better astringents. Its principal use is -external. A solution of 2 drachms to a pint of water makes alone, or with -the addition of a small quantity of white vitriol, a very useful wash -for cracked heels, grease and those forms of swelled legs, attended with -moisture through the skin. - - -MURIATIC ACID OR SPIRITS OF SALT. - -This acid is very strong and should be bottled and corked tight. As -soon as it touches any muscular or living part, a change of color is -perceived. It is good for corns, canker thrush, and for every case where -caustic is needed, this acid is unrivalled. - - -MUSTARD. - -This will be found useful in inflammation of the chest or bowels. When -using, it should be well rubbed on. - - -CANTHARIDES. - -Are the basis of the most approved and useful blister. In blistering, -the hair should be cut or rather shaved off close, then rubbing in the -ointment well for at least 15 minutes, repeating it every day until it -does its work. After it has acted you may relieve the torture of the -animal by the application of olive oil or lard. In deep seated sprains -or inflammations, the blister should not be discontinued too hurriedly. -An infusion of 2 ounces of the flies in a pint of oil of turpentine for -several days is used as a liquid blister, and when sufficiently reduced -with common oil, is called a sweating oil, and gradually abates or -removes old or deep inflammation or cause of lameness. - - -CHARCOAL. - -This is occasionally used with linseed meal, for poulticing offensive -ulcers and cracked heels; it removes the unwholesome smell and purifies -the parts so that they heal easily. - - -BALL OR PILLS. - -The usual and most convenient mode of administering medicines, is in -the form of balls compounded with sweet oil. Balls should never weigh -more than 1½ ounces, otherwise they will be so large as not to pass -down the gullet. They should not be more than one inch in diameter, and -three inches in length. The mode of delivering balls is not difficult to -acquire. The horse should be backed in the stall, the tongue drawn out -gently with the left hand on the off side of the mouth, not continuing to -pull, but by pressing the finger against the lower jaw. The ball being -now taken between the tips of the fingers of the right hand, is passed -rapidly up the mouth as near the palate as possible, until it reaches the -root of the tongue. It is then delivered with a slight jerk, the hand -being immediately withdrawn. Its passage should be watched down the left -side of the throat; if it does not pass down a slight tap under the jaw -or chin, will generally cause the horse to swallow it, or a few gulps -of water will convey in into the stomach. Very few balls should be kept -made. - - -CLYSTERS. - -These are useful and too often neglected means of hastening the bowels to -their speedy action, where diseases require it. The old ox bladder filled -and tied on the wooden or elder pipe, answers every purpose for injecting -the fluid into the intestines. For a moderate clyster take 2 ounces of -soft or yellow soap, mix with 1 gallon of warm water; for a more active -clyster take ½ pound epsom salts, dissolve in the same quantity of water. - - -LINSEED. - -An infusion of linseed is often used instead of water for the drink of -a horse with a sore throat, catarrh, disease of the urinary organs, or -of the bowels. Thin gruel is preferable, being as soothing and more -nutritious. Linseed meal makes an excellent poultice for almost any -purpose. - - -DIGITALIS. - -This should be powdered, put into a black bottle, corked tight, and kept -in a dark place. It is one of the most valuable medicines in veterinary -practice, and on account of its action in diminishing the pulse and -general irritability of the system, is very useful in inflammations, &c. -It is usually given in combination with emetic tartar and nitre. The -average dose is 1 drachm of digitalis, 1½ drachms emetic tartar, and 3 -drachms of nitre, repeated twice or three times a day. When the horse -begins to amend the dose must be diminished one-half, and in a few days -it may be omitted altogether, but the emetic tartar and the nitre should -be continued during several days. - - -PITCH. - -Is used in plasters. The best plaster for sand crack consists of 1 pound -of pitch and 1 ounce of yellow beeswax melted together. - - -MASHES. - -Constitute a very important provender in sickness or health. A mash -given occasionally to a horse that is fed on dry meat, prevents him from -becoming dangerously costive. To the over-worked and tired horse, nothing -is so refreshing as a warm mash, with his usual allowance of corn in it. -Mashes are used for putting horses in good order for sale, giving him a -round and plump appearance. They are made by pouring boiling water on -bran, stirring it well; cover over with a cloth, and let it remain until -cool enough for the horse to eat; if in the heat of summer, a cold mash -is preferable,--yet it should be made with hot water, and remain until it -is cold. - - -GINGER. - -Is as valuable as a cordial as the gentian is as a tonic. These are both -valuable in horse powders. - - -FOMENTATIONS. - -Are to open the pores of the skin and promote perspiration in the part, -so as to abate local swellings, relieve pain and lessen inflammation. The -effect depends upon the warmth of the water and not upon any herb that -may have been boiled in it; they are best applied by means of flannel -dipped in the hot water, or on which the water is poured, which should -be as hot as the hand will bear. The fomentation should be continued for -15 or 20 minutes, but if kept on with for half an hour will be better. -The parts fomentated should be wrapped or covered up warm. Great good has -sometimes resulted from fomentations. - - -GENTIAN. - -Stands at the head of vegetable tonics, an infusion of which is one of -the best applications for putrid ulcers known. - - -OPIUM. - -Is the most valuable drug on the list as an anti-spasmodic; it is also a -sedative and astringent. As an anti-spasmodic it enters into the colic -drink; as a sedative it relaxes spasms of the muscular system. Opium -should, however, be given with caution. In the early acute stage of fever -it will be a bad practice to give it even in the smallest quantity. When -the fever has passed it may be given with great benefit. - - -POULTICES. - -Few persons are aware of the value of these simple applications in -abating inflammation, relieving pain, cleansing wounds, and disposing -them to heal. In all inflammations of the foot they are very beneficial, -by softening the horn hardened by the heat of the inflamed foot.--Linseed -meal forms the best general poultice. - - -DRINKS OR DRENCHES. - -A drink is not so portable as a ball; it is more troublesome to -administer, and a portion of it is usually wasted. Medicines given as a -drench will act upon the horse much quicker than when given in balls, but -the great objection is in wasting a portion. Too much of the drink should -not be forced into the horse’s mouth at once, as it will be found very -difficult to make him swallow large quantities; small portions should be -given, which he should be made to swallow before any more is put into the -mouth. - - -TAR. - -Melted with an equal quantity of grease forms the usual stopping of the -farrier. It is warm or slightly stimulant, and is therefore useful in -dressing bruised or wounded feet; it prevents the penetration of dirt and -water to the wounded part; it is also useful in chronic coughs. - - -LINIMENTS. - -Are designed to remove deep seated pain and inflammation, by gently -stimulating the skin. The following is an excellent liniment for old -swellings, sprains, or rheumatism: 2 ounces of hartshorn, 2 ounces -camphorated spirits, 1 ounce oil of turpentine, and ½ ounce of laudanum, -mixed well together; or 1 ounce of camphor may be dissolved in 4 ounces -of sweet oil, to which may be added 1 ounce of oil of turpentine. A -little powdered cantharides or tincture of cantharides or ground mustard, -will render either of these more powerful, or convert it into a liquid -blister. - - -SULPHUR. - -Is the basis of the most effectual application for mange. It is an -excellent alterative, combined usually with antimony and nitre, -particularly for mange, surfeit, grease, hidebound or want of condition, -and it is a useful ingredient in the cough and fever ball. - - -COMMON SALT. - -Is very useful in a clyster. A solution of it has been given as an -aperient drink, sprinkled over hay or in mash, it is very palatable to -sick horses; few things will so soon recall the appetite as a drink -composed of 6 or 8 ounces of salt in solution. Horses in health, it -promotes the digestion of the food. There are few better lotions for -inflamed eyes than a solution of ½ ounce of salt, in 4 pints of water. -An ounce of salt to 8 pints of water is a good embrocation for sore -shoulders and back. - - -TURPENTINE. - -The common liquid turpentine has been described as one of the best -diuretics; for the removal of colic it stands unrivalled; with -cantharides it is the basis of the sweating blister for old sprains and -swellings. - - -CHLORIDE OF LIME. - -This is very good for removing the smell of fistula, withers, poll evil -and ill conditioned wounds and ulcerations. Chloride diluted with twenty -times its quantity of water, and used as a wash for the wounds, will -remove any infection that may lurk about them. One pint of the chloride, -mixed with 3 gallons of water and brushed over the walls, manger and rack -of the foulest stable, will completely remove all infections. - - -GINGER ROOT. - -This is an excellent stimulant. It is useful in loss of appetite and -flatulent colic, while it rouses the intestinal canal to its proper -action. The ginger and gentian powdered is also very much used. Brown -sugar is useful in the loss of appetite. - - -ZINC OR CALAMINE POWDER. - -This made into an ointment is valuable for healing. Take five ounces of -lard, one ounce of rosin, melt them together and when these begin to get -cool, stir in 2 ounces of calamine, finely powdered. If the wound is not -healthy, a small quantity of common turpentine may be added. This salve -justly deserves the name of healing ointment. The calamine is sometimes -sprinkled with advantage on cracked heels. - - -THOMPSON’S NO. 6. - -This is a good carminative for relieving colic, arresting mortification, -and for sprains, rheumatism, pains, &c. As a general stimulant it may be -taken in teaspoonful doses in water and repeated as the case demands. -Take ½ gallon of fourth proof brandy, ½ pound pulverized gum myrrh and ½ -ounce of African pepper, mix and macerate for ten days, when it will be -ready for use. - - - - -LIST OF DOMESTIC MEDICINES RECEIPTS, &c. - - -CEMENT TO MEND GLASS AND CHINA. - -Take 2 pounds good gum, shellac, 2 ounces pulverized borax; put into an -earthen crock, filled half full of water; boil until all is dissolved, -then take out a portion and roll into sticks while hot, on a table or -smooth board. - - -DIRECTIONS FOR USE. - -Heat the edges of the ware over a fire or hot stove, then heat the cement -in the same manner; put the cement on the edges of the ware regularly, -heat it again along the edges and place together as quick as possible, -holding them firm until the cement cools, being careful to put the pieces -together as they came off, so as it will fit nicely. If done properly it -will hold so firm that the ware will break some other place before where -it has been mended. - - -LUNAR CAUSTIC. - -Is very useful in curing bites of rabid dogs, and for removing -ulcerations of any kind. - - -AMERICAN HELEBORE. - -_Medical Properties and Use._ - -This has been tried by many physicians and has proved a valuable remedy -in chronic rheumatism and gout. It is certainly a powerful emetic when -given in large doses, and the effect continues a long time. In over doses -it effects the functions of the brain and nervous system, in a powerful -manner producing giddiness, prostration of strength, &c. It has arrested -the paroxysm of gout and given relief in some unyielding cases of chronic -rheumatism. It requires to be given with great caution and under vigilant -restrictions. The mode of administration is in the form of a tincture. A -saturated tincture is made in wine and 3 parts of this is mixed with 1 -of the wine of opium; of this mixture from 15 to 20 drops. In some cases -however, 1 drachm of the mixture will be required to give relief, which -quantity generally vomits and always gives relief. The proper method of -preparing this tincture is to macerate 8 ounces of the sliced root in -2½ pints of spanish white wine, let it stand for 15 days and filter. -Before given, it must be mixed with one-fourth its quantity of the wine -of opium; from 15 to 60 drops is a dose. In some cases less than the -nauseating point will cure the disease, if not it must be carried to that -point. - - -EMETIC FOR POISON. - -If poison should be administered or swallowed accidentally, take two -tablespoonsful of ground mustard, mixed with warm water, which will -operate as an instantaneous emetic. - - -INDIAN TURNIP. - -_Medical Properties and use._ - -The Indian turnip, when partially dried and grated and mixed with honey, -is good for the coughs of old persons, when there is no fever. It also -enters into many of the cough syrups. - - -SENECA SNAKEROOT. - -In chronic rheumatism it has been of great service by its universal -stimulant and diuretic effects. If however an ounce of the root be -boiled in a pint of water to a strong tea, and all be taken at once, -a violent vomiting, purging and diuresis occurs. The disease has been -known to yield to one dose, but this is a desperate one, and should not -be ventured upon by a person much debilitated; take a wine glass full 3 -times until the water is evacuated in uterine complaints,--especially in -painful menstruation is the seneca a good remedy. Begin one day before -the return of the catatmenia and take it in such portions as the stomach -will bear, every two hours until the flow commences. For this put 1 ounce -of the root in a pint of water, give a small wine glass full every one, -two or three hours. - - -CEMENT FOR GRAFTING. - -Take 1 pound of beeswax, 1 pound of rosin, 1 pound of tallow; put all -into a pan and heat until the ingredients are melted, after cooling it -will be ready for use. When using put a coat of the cement over the -grafted part, thick enough to prevent the rain and air from penetrating. - - -GUAIACUM, AMMONIATED TINCTURE. - -Take 4 ounces powdered gum guaiacum, 1½ pints spirits of amonia, put -them together and let the mixture stand for fourteen days, when it will -be ready for use. Shake the bottle occasionally. This is a celebrated -remedy in the treatment of chronic rheumatism. The dose is from one to -two teaspoonsful three times a day, given in milk or some mucilaginous -tea. The stomach must be well cleaned before the tincture is used, and -the diet light. - - -COMPOUND TINCTURE OF GENTIAN. - -Take of gentian root bruised 2 ounces, orange peel do. 2 ounces, cardamom -seed do. ½ ounce, proof whiskey 1 quart; add the other ingredients to -the whiskey, and shake the bottle once a day for fourteen days, when it -will be ready for use. This is much used in dyspepsia and debilitated -states of the digestive organs. The stomach should be cleaned before it -is given. It is not admissable where there is fever. Dose from one to two -teaspoonsful in water, to be repeated before breakfast, dinner and supper. - - -OINTMENT FOR MILCH SCALD ON THE FACES OF INFANTS. - -Take 6 drachms of beefs marrow, 2 drachms oil of sweet almonds, 1 drachm -red peruvian bark, powdered, mix and melt over a slow fire. Apply every -day, washing it off every morning with mild soap. - - -SIMPLE TINCTURE OF RHUBARB. - -Take of best Turkey rhubarb 3 ounces and pulverize, good whiskey 1 quart, -add the rhubarb to the whiskey and shake it every day for a week, then -let it stand ten days and filter through paper, or let it stand without -filtering. From a tea spoonful to a large table spoonful is a dose -according to the age of the person and nature of the case. It is a good -purgative in costive habits. Take it at bed time in sweetened water. - - -SIMPLE SYRUP OF RHUBARB. - -Take of best Turkey rhubarb 2 ounces, water 1 pint, macerate the rhubarb -in the water warm for twenty-four hours; strain off, add 2 pounds -of refined white sugar and simmer until they are well mixed, add 2 -tablespoonsful of whiskey, stop it tight in a bottle for use. This is a -good medicine for infants in teaspoonful doses. - - -AMERICAN COLUMBO. - -_Medical Properties and Use._ - -This is a mild tonic, calculated to meet the indications alike with -the other bitters of its class. It is a very good and pleasant tonic -in indigestion and dyspepsia, improving the appetite and digestion. It -is given in infusion and in substance--1 ounce of the pulverized root -infused in a pint of boiling water. A small wine glass full of the -infusion may be taken once in 2 hours, or from thirty to sixty grains -of the pulverized substance, in sweetened water, from 3 to 5 times a -day; but the most common way of using the columbo is in combination -with other tonics, such as gentian, orange peel, and columbo, of each 1 -ounce powdered, then add to them 1 quart of whiskey, of which bitters -a tablespoonful may be taken in water three times a day, as a tonic in -cases of debility. - - -BLACK ALDER. - -The berries of this plant are sometimes used, but the bark is the proper -medicinal part of the shrub. It is best adapted to the cure of flabby, -ill-conditioned ulcers and mortifications, in which a strong decoction -is freely used with great benefit. It should be given internally several -times a day, as well as applied as a wash and poultice to the parts. A -saturated tincture, both of the bark and berries is used internally. - - -THE PRICKLEY ASH. - -_Its Medical Properties and Use._ - -The prickley ash has a good reputation in the United States as a remedy -in chronic rheumatism. In that disease its operation seems analogous to -that of mazorion and guaiacum, which it nearly resembles in its sensible -properties. Many physicians place so much confidence in it that it is -generally kept by the apothecaries. It is most frequently given in -decoction--an ounce being boiled in a quart of water and taken in small -quantities, frequently repeated. Dr. George Hayward, of Boston, took it -in his own case of chronic rheumatism with evidently good effect; he -took a pint of the decoction a day, diluted with water so as to weaken -its pungency. The powdered bark may be taken in doses of from 10 to 20 -grains, and frequently repeated. Dr. Bigelow says it is also given with -good effect in cases of old indolent sores; it is given internally and -applied to the sore in the form of a wash. Doctors Barton and Thatcher -both speak highly of this medicine. - - -AMERICAN GENTRAURY. - -_Its Medical Properties and Use._ - -Every part of this plant is a pure and very strong bitter. It is used in -form of tea or tincture and is good for ague and fever. It was used in -the yellow fever at Philadelphia with good effect. It may be given even -when the fever is on, in such quantities as the stomach will bear. It -is not apt to nauseate and is an excellent tonic for the stomach, which -improves the appetite and promotes digestion. It is highly recommended -by Drs. Barton, Chapman and Elliott, all of whom are physicians of high -respectability. - - -DANDELINE. - -Has been much employed in Germany and the United States, and is certainly -a valuable remedy in chronic diseases of the liver and the digestive -organs generally. It is also a good remedy in diseases of the spleen. It -is beneficial in consumption and as a general alterative when combined -with sarsaparilla, and invaluable in scrofula. One ounce of the fresh -root, or ½ ounce of the dried, and the same quantity of sarsaparilla put -into a pitcher and a pint of boiling water poured on it at night, to be -used at pleasure next day, so that all is taken before bed time, or as -much more as the stomach will bear. This repeated for a month, produces a -fine effect on the system, when the blood needs purifying or in cases of -chronic affections of the liver. - - -BLOOD ROOT OR PERCOON ROOT. - -_Medical Properties and Use._ - -The blood root is an active emetic and cathartic, which acts finely on -the liver. It has been given in pneumonia, catarrh, whooping cough, -croup, consumption, rheumatism, jaundice and dropsy of the chest. For -rheumatism, it may be given in 2 or 3 grain pills, 3 or 4 times a day. -It is an effectual remedy for the yellow water in horses: 3 or 4 ounces -of the fresh root may be bruised and a pint of water added, the juice of -which should be squeezed out for a drench; 1 or 2 doses will cure. It -purges the horse freely. The tincture is often used: 2 ounces of the root -to a quart of spirits makes the tincture, ½ an ounce of which is a dose -for an adult. - - -BONESET OR THOROUGHWORT. - -_Medical Properties and Use._ - -Thoroughwort is tonic, diaphoretic, and in large doses emetic and -purgative. It is good in intermittent fevers to break the chill, if given -in large doses in the form of warm tea as the chill comes on; in less -doses a little warm it will sweat the patient freely; in large draughts -taken cold it acts as a tonic and prevents the return of the chill. It -is good in pleurisy as a sweat or in heavy colds; it is also good when -made into a syrup for bad coughs, and in some forms of consumption, -where the patient is weak and the skin hot and dry. It grows in almost -every part of the United States, but mostly in the Western and Southern -divisions, and should be gathered in September. Every part of the plant -is medicinal, but the leaves and flowers are best. It should always be -given in the form of a tea. - - -BITTER ROOT OR SILKWEED. - -_Medical Properties and Use._ - -The root is the part used in the form of bitters in asthma and catarrh, -also coughs and dyspepsia and in rheumatism. It may be taken in the form -of bitters in quantities sufficient to purge gently and freely, or in -powder in 20 grain doses, 3 times a day, or it may be given in strong -infusion, 1 ounce of the root to a pint of water and drink in such doses -as the stomach will bear. - - -PLEURISY ROOT. - -_Medical Properties and Use._ - -It has long been employed by the regular medical faculty as a valuable -medicine in pleurisy, catarrh, pneumonia, consumption and other diseases -of the breast, and is evidently useful in all these cases. It is good in -acute rheumatism and dyspepsia. It may be given in the form of a strong -tea, or in powder; if in powder from 20 to 60 grains may be given several -times a day, in sweetened water. - - -EXTEMPORE GASEOUS CHALYBEATE WATER. - -Take of pure sulphate of iron 2 drachms, white sugar 3 drachms, -pulverize, mix and divide into 12 powders. Then take of super carbonate -of soda 2 drachms, white sugar three drachms, mix and divide into 12 -powders. Mix one of each of the powders separately in half a tumblerful -of water, pour together and drink while effervescing. This is a pleasant -drink and a good tonic for a weak stomach. - - -GENTIAN. - -_Medical Properties and Use._ - -Gentian possesses in a high degree the tonic properties which -characterize the simple bitters. It excites the appetite, invigorates the -powers of digestion. It may be used in all cases of disease depending -upon pure debility of the digestive organs, or requiring a general tonic -impression; as dyspepsia, gout, difficult menstruations, hysteria, -scrofula, intermittent fever, diarrhœa, and worms. It is given in the -form of infusion or tincture. The dose in infusion is a wine glassful 3 -or 4 times a day. Infuse ½ ounce of the powdered root in a pint of water. -A tea spoonful of the tincture may be given as often in a little water. - - -RATTLEWEED ROOT. - -This unites with a tonic power the property of stimulating the -secretions, particularly those of the skin, kidneys and mucus membrane -of the lungs. Its medical properties are found in its salutary effects -upon the nervous system, in neuralgia of the heart, in sciatica, and in -other forms of rheumatism. It is equal if not superior to the colchicum -in rheumatism, and far superior to it in neuralgia of any description. I -have used it extensively in those cases, and with the happiest effects. -I cured myself of a severe sciatica in twenty-four hours with it, but -the dose was too large, producing violent sickness, great prostration, -nausea, vomiting and profuse perspiration. I took 3 or 4 drachms of the -saturated tincture at one dose; but it effects the cure completely when -properly prepared. It acts upon the stomach and bowels powerfully, and -its full effects are not obtained until it purges freely. The following -is the best formula for its preparation. - - ½ pound powdered root, - 1 pint alcohol. - -Mix and macerate for 20 days and filter. One tea spoonful should be -taken 3 times a day, in sweetened water, which may be increased or -diminished so as to produce 3 or 4 operations on the bowels in 24 hours. -I have seen some persons that it would not purge. It sometimes produces -vertigo before it begins to operate, but these symptoms will all subside -after the purging commences, yet it will cure if it does not purge. -Several cases of Vitus’ Dance are recorded by Dr. Jesse Young, in which -it performed cures after other remedies had failed.--It is usually -administered in decoction by those living in the country. One ounce of -the powdered root is boiled in a pint of water for a few minutes, and -a small wine glassful given from 3 to 5 times a day according to its -effects. - - -PIPSISSEWAY OR WINTER GREEN. - -This is an evergreen found in pine woods and in light shady soils in all -parts of the United States, which blossoms in mid summer. The whole plant -has rather a pungent and bitter taste. - -_Medical Properties and Use._ - -It is diuretic and tonic and is useful in all eruptive forms of diseases, -especially in scrofula and cancer. A strong decoction may be made of -the leaves and twigs, and a gill taken 3 times a day. Many cures of old -ulcers, sore throats and like affections have been ascribed to the use -of the pipsisseway. A decoction made of the leaves and given in small -portions is excellent for colic in children. For grown persons it should -be put in good rye whiskey, which, if made strong will seldom fail to -cure the severest cases of colic and cramps. The pipsisseway put into -whiskey and distilled the same as Wickey’s cholera medicine is much -better. Dose for an adult is from 1 to 3 tablespoonsful, for children -from 10 drops to a teaspoonful. - - -TO THE CONSUMER. - -If you want to save money never buy your castor oil by the bottle, but -buy a pint of oil of some honest druggist, and you will then be able to -perceive the difference. If put up in bottles it will cost you from 50 -to 62½ cents; by the pint it may cost you 31 cents per pint. This is a -great saving, as the article is always needed in a family. Never buy any -other medicine or any thing that goes by measurement in small quantities, -and especially such articles as come into every day use. Paying from 40 -to 100 per cent. more for domestic articles will amount to a considerable -sum in 5 or 10 years. Some persons may say: “I am too poor and cannot -spare the money.” That kind of argument will not hold good. By saving 50 -or 100 per cent. is the means to make you able. Try the experiment and -you will soon be convinced; money is worth but 6 per cent. - - -FOR PICKLING PEARS. - -Take 1 pound of sugar to one quart of vinegar; 6 pounds of pears, peeled -and quartered; ½ ounce of cinnamon bark, broken in small pieces; ½ -ounce of cloves. Dissolve the sugar in the vinegar, then put the pears, -cinnamon and cloves into a pot or crock, pour over the vinegar and -boil all together until the pears become soft, and you have a pickel -far superior to any preserves. This is worth giving a trial. Should the -pears be too sweet, add a little vinegar at any time, heating after the -addition. - - -ON THE PRESERVATION OF HEALTH. - -As this work is designed for the benefit of families as well as other -purposes, it is hoped that a chapter on the preservation of the health -of young girls will not be out of place. What we design to say in this -chapter, will be applicable to the girl of ten years and upwards. It -is the duty of the mother or guardian so to direct the conduct of -the daughter that she may enjoy the blessings of life, and become a -useful member of society. But in order to lay the foundation of future -usefulness, the health should be well guarded in early life. Much of -course depends upon a good constitution, and strict attention should -be paid to its development and preservation. The child at an early age -should be guarded against all that would tend to weaken or derange this -desirable attribute of the human system. - -Exposure is one of the principal sources of injury to the constitution, -and therefore the clothing should always be adapted to the season of -the year, and the temperature of the air, whether children are at home -or abroad. Girls are generally clothed sufficiently warm while at home, -but when they are going from home, they change their warm apparel for -thinner and cooler garments. They are often allowed to expose themselves -to the chilling blasts of winter, with their arms naked, their breasts -and shoulders exposed, and their feet clad with thin stockings and -shoes, in the place of those just laid aside, which were warm and -comfortable.--This is a practice that cannot be too much deprecated, -being one of the great evils of dress and fashion, upon whose altar -thousands have been sacrificed. How many do we find in these days with -enlarged tonsils and broken croaking voices, the fruits of exposure and -nothing else? - -The practice of tight lacing is another fruitful cause of destruction -of health and broken-down constitutions. Young girls should not lace at -all--an easy smooth jacket to make the dress fit smoothly is all they -should wear. Are we asked why lacing is injurious? We answer, first, the -ribs are soft and very elastic and the cartilages that join them to the -breast bone are softer than the ribs. If then a jacket or corset be laced -around the ribs or chest, so as to prevent a free and full play of the -ribs at every inspiration, in the same proportion is the cavity of the -chest diminished, and consequently the lungs are deprived of a certain -amount of atmospheric air, in proportion to the contraction of the ribs, -produced by the laced jacket or corset. Thus the order of nature is -deranged and the system is deprived of that due proportion of oxygen -which is necessary to health, the vitality of blood and the vigor and -proper proportions of the system. One of the consequences of tight lacing -therefore is, that the lungs are prevented from discharging a due portion -of carbonic acid gas from the blood, and receiving in lieu therefor of -due proportion of oxygen from the atmosphere. Hence the person looks -pale, the lips assume a blue or purplish color, the breathing is labored, -the breast heaves and the circulation is prevented from going on as -freely as it should. The small air vessels of the lungs are partially -obliterated, they become diseased in their action and tubercles form in -them or the lungs; these remain to become in a few years the seeds of an -incurable consumption. - -Again: The free action of the heat is prevented by tight lacing and the -consequence is it labors like a dying man, but in vain--it cannot get -relieved from its fetters. The blood is prevented from flowing with that -freedom and ease which are essential to the well being of the system, -and the violent exertions which the heart must make in order to carry -on the circulation, become the cause of disease in that organ, which -perhaps can never be cured. Another evil of lacing: The stomach is always -included in the deadly grasp of the corset. The lower floating ribs are -forced to take the place the stomach should occupy in part; the skirts -are compelled to grow too narrow, the liver is also pressed too closely -and the stomach is bound as with a cord. The gastric juice is partly -prevented from secreting and that which is secreted is unhealthy, the -ducts of the liver and pancreatic gland are prevented from performing -their healthy functions and consequently the food is not taken in due -quantity to nourish the system, and what is taken is not properly -digested, for the want of a free and healthy action of the digestive -functions. Dyspepsia is the result,--a feeble and finally a destroyed -constitution. For all the powers of nature must act freely and naturally, -or a sound constitution and good health can never be enjoyed. - -Nothing is so fascinating to an intellectual young man as a well -cultivated mind, a rosy cheek, an intellectual eye, and a corresponding -expression of countenance; these you cannot have if you suppress any of -the healthy functions of the system. Exercise is another essential item -to promote the health of girls, and this they should be allowed to take -freely. At an early age, let them run and play, jump the rope, throw -the hoop, leap and skip; for free exercise gives freedom to the muscles -and joints and strengthens the nerves, all of which are necessary for -the building up of a good constitution. Girls should be allowed to -sleep one-third of their time or eight hours in twenty-four, and when -younger--they should sleep more. The young of all the animal creation -require more sleep than those that are fully grown: girls, therefore, -should retire early that they may obtain sleep enough; rise early and -enjoy the benefit of the morning air, which is bracing to their systems. -After children are ten years old, they should not sleep more than two -in a bed, and there should not be more than two beds in a room, unless -the room be very large and well ventilated. Girls should rise early and -air and set their rooms in order; they should use free ablution of cold -water over their breasts and arms, especially as far as they are in the -habit of exposing them to the air, as this will prevent their taking -cold as easily as they otherwise would. The diet of children should be -plain and simple, as their digestive powers are not as strong as those -of grown persons. The quantity should always be proportioned to the age -and strength of the child. Much mischief is done by letting children -eat too much. They should be allowed full time to eat and be taught to -chew their victuals well. They should be taught to eat any thing that -is common, so that they may appear easy at table at all times, and make -their friends so likewise. Frequent bathing is of great service to youth; -it invigorates the constitution and gives a fine complexion. The bath -may be changed according to the season; it may be cold, tepid or salt. -When the cold bath is used, either fresh or salt, the skin should be -well rubbed with a coarse towel, as well before they go into the bath, -as after they come out. When children are healthy liquid food is as a -general rule, better for them than solid food, because it supplies more -blood, and this is needed to form and build up the solids, but they -should be allowed some of both. - -Children should always take light suppers and light breakfasts. Their -dinner should be of more substantial food and taken freely. But they -should never be allowed to eat in haste, as nothing aids the powers of -digestion more than the perfect mastication of food. - - -HEALTH. - -ITS VALUE, CONDITIONS, PRESERVATION AND RESTORATION. - -Health consists in the vigorous and normal or constitutional action of -all the physical organs and functions. Life consists in precisely the -same action: in proportion to the vigor of this action is the amount of -both health and life, but in proportion as the physical functions are -enfeebled or diseased, is health enfeebled and life diminished. But in -proportion as we improve our health do we thereby increase life itself. -Viewed in any and every aspect, health is life and life is health. By as -much therefore as life is valuable should health be preserved if good and -restored if feeble. - -Health is the great seasoner or relish of all our blessings; nor is it -possible to enjoy the latter except by means of the former: without -health what can we be? What can we do?--What can we enjoy? For other -things being equal, our capabilities of accomplishing and enjoying are -proportioned to our health and diminished by disease. If we possessed -all the wealth, and all the honors, and all the blessings mortals can -possess, we could enjoy them only in proportion as we had health, and -their value would be diminished just in proportion to its decline. -Suppose we were sick and our appetite thereby destroyed, the richest food -and most delicious fruits, instead of rendering us happy would nauseate -us. How different if we were healthy. How a good appetite, the produce -of health, would enjoy them. Well might the glutted alderman offer a -ragged boy a guinea for his appetite for breakfast. The rich invalid is -poor, but he who is healthy is rich, because his fund of life and his -capacities for enjoyment are proportionally great. Reader, if brought to -the brink of the grave, your last hour come, what would you give? What -that you possessed would you not give for another year of life and its -pleasures? Astor’s thirty millions would be cheap. To impair health in -obtaining any amount of earthly goods is a dear exchange, since then to -preserve or regain health is to preserve, prolong or regain life itself, -and to impair the former is to destroy the latter and its pleasures, -as well as hasten death; and since the value of life so infinitely -surpasses that of all other earthly blessings, what consummate folly to -trifle with health on any account. Then how much more foolish and even -wicked virtually to throw it away for nothing, in our eager pursuit -of those trifling objects, wealth, honors, and the like, which mainly -engrosses mankind? What, sacrifice life upon the altar of mammon? For be -it remembered, that no human being can impair his health at any period -of his life, without proportionally shortening his days; without being -brought to a strict account at the close of life, and he compelled to -end it as much sooner than he otherwise would, as he has injured his -health during his whole lifetime. Let me urge upon you the infinite -importance of preserving your health. This effectually done, millions -of money bestowed on each reader could not equally benefit you, because -of the incomparable greater value of health than money. Let your own -experience testify. Which of you has not, some time or some how, induced -debility or pain in one portion of your system or another, which will -cripple you for life. A foolish ambition breaks down the constitution of -an incalculable number of our youths, unwilling to be outdone they will -work at the top of their strength as long as they can stand, perhaps -over heat themselves, or in a single day or week bring on some complaint -which debilitates them for life, and carries them to a premature grave. -An ambitious youth wishing to show his employers what a great day’s work -he could do, shovelled till he lamed his side, so that for fifteen years -he has been a partial invalid, cannot do any kind of work, nor more than -half the amount he formerly did, besides working in almost perpetual -pain. Nor is this the half; whatever enfeebles the health enfeebles the -mind by weakening and disordering the brain. So perfectly are body and -brain inter related, that all the conditions of either react upon each -other; whatever augments the health, strengthens the body and thereby -invigorates both the brain and the mind. What is the true value of the -mind? How much could you afford to give for double the amount you now -possess? Neither money nor any thing else can measure its value. To -improve our minds is the most effectual mode possible of augmenting all -the capabilities, all the pleasure, all the virtue of this life, and -ripening for another, and hence should be the paramount business of our -whole lives. Health allows you to be always on hand for business, from -which sickness takes you and compels you to entrust its management to -others, always disastrous, or cuts off your wages if a laborer, creates -large doctors, nurses and a host of other incidental bills, and occasions -a great variety of pecuniary losses. So measurably if any member of your -family is sick, especially a wife. How many, reader, if they and their -families had always been well, would have been rich who are now poor? -Considered which ever way you will, to preserve the health if it be good, -and if poor to regain and then preserve, should be the paramount business -of life, should take precedence over all others, and be our first great -concern. Come then readers one and all and let us make it our permanent -business to preserve and augment our health; let us allow ourselves to do -nothing that shall impair it; let us make and take time to do every thing -in our power to invigorate it. - - -HOW TO PROLONG LIFE. - -The following should be carefully perused especially by the young. Are -there any among you my young friends, who desire to preserve your health -and cheerfulness through life, and at length arrive at a good old age? If -so listen to what I am about to tell you. - -A considerable time ago I read in one of the newspapers of the day, that -a man had died near London at the advanced age of 110 years, that he had -never been ill, and that he had maintained through life, a cheerful, -happy temperament. I wrote immediately to London to know if in the man’s -treatment of himself there had been any peculiarity which had rendered -his life lengthened and so happy, and the answer I received was as -follows: - -“He was unusually kind and obliging to every body; he quarreled with no -one; he ate and drank merely that he might not suffer from hunger or -thirst and never beyond what necessity required; from his earliest youth -he never allowed himself to be unemployed; these were the only means he -used.” - -I took a note of this in a little book where I generally write all that -I am anxious to remember, and very soon afterwards I observed in another -paper that a woman had died near Stockholm at 115 years of age; that she -never was ill, and was always of a contented disposition. I immediately -wrote to Stockholm to learn what means the old woman had used for -preserving her health, and now read the answer: - -“She always had a great love of cleanliness, and in the daily habit -of washing her face, hands and feet in cold water, and as often as -opportunity offered she bathed in the same.--She never ate or drank any -delicacies or sweet-meats, seldom coffee, seldom tea, and never wine.” - -Of these likewise I took a note in my little book. Sometime after -this I read that near St. Petersburg, a man died who had enjoyed good -health until he was 120 years old. Again I took my pen and wrote to St. -Petersburg, and here is the answer: - -“He was an early riser, and never slept beyond seven hours at a time; -he never was idle; he employed himself chiefly in the open air, and -particularly in his garden; whether he walked or sat in his chair he -never permitted himself to sit awry or in a bent posture, but was always -perfectly straight. The luxurious and effeminate habits of citizens he -held in contempt.” - -After having read all this from my little book I said to myself: “you -will be a foolish man indeed not to profit by the example and experience -of these old people.” I then wrote out all that I had been able to -discover about these happy old people upon a card, which I suspended over -my writing desk, so that I might always have it before my eyes to remind -me what to do, and from what I should refrain. Every morning and evening -I read over the contents of my card and obliged myself to conform to its -rules. - -And now my dear young readers, I can assure you on the word of an honest -man, that I am much happier and in better health than I used to be. -Formerly I had the headache every day and now I suffer scarcely once in -three or four months. Before I began these rules I hardly dare to venture -out in the rain or snow without catching cold. In former times a walk of -half an hour’s length fatigued and exhausted me, now I walk miles without -weariness. Imagine then the happiness I experience, for there are few -feelings so cheering to the spirits as those of constant good health and -vigor. But, alas! there is something in which I cannot imitate these -happy old people, and that is I have not been accustomed to all this from -my youth. Oh! that I were young again that I might imitate them in all -things; that I might be happy and long-lived as they were. - -Little children who read this, you are the fortunate ones who are able -to adopt in perfection this kind of life. What then prevents your living -henceforward as healthful and happily as the old woman of Stockholm or as -long and useful as the old men of London and St. Petersburg. - - -LIQUID OPODELDOC. - -Take ½ pint 95 per cent. alcohol, 1 ounce camphor, ½ pint turpentine; -dissolve the camphor in the alcohol; then add the turpentine. For -rheumatism, head ache, sore throat, old strains, swellings, cramps, -numbness, stiffness, weakness, pains in the joints, corns, slight burns, -frost bitten feet, &c. - - -DIRECTIONS FOR USE. - -Rub it well on the part affected with your hand or a piece of muslin, -night and morning, and if convenient, at noon. In obstinate cases avoid -as much as possible exposure to a damp atmosphere, to the extremes of -heat and cold. Keep the feet dry and comfortable, and be temperate in -eating and drinking. For corns, lay a piece of flannel on them and -moisten occasionally with the opodeldoc, avoid tight shoes. Travellers -and families ought always to keep a bottle by them; it only requires a -trial to prove its efficacy; keep the bottle closely stopped. In some -cases of rheumatism and other affections, if a piece of flannel be worn -over the part, relief will be obtained sooner. - - -DR. WICKEY’S CHOLERA MEDICINE. - - Take 2 ounces Formentilla, - “ 2 “ Devil Bit, - “ 2 “ Bimbornella, - “ 2 “ Bistorda, - “ 2 “ Angelica, - “ 2 “ Gentiana, - “ 2 “ Zedary, - “ 2 “ Valerian, - “ 2 “ Elecampane, - “ 2 “ Calamos, - “ 2 “ Rue or other bitter herb. - -Pulverize these as fine as possible, put them into one gallon of French -brandy of the best quality, or best fourth-proof old rye whiskey; brandy -is best--put the whole into a bottle or jar--a bottle is best if one can -be had large enough at the top, which must be closed; then place the -bottle or jar in the sand, which should be at least two inches deep at -the bottom of the kettle or crock; fill in sand to come above the drugs -when settled, and put under it a slow fire, so as to keep it warm but -not to boil. Let it digest for fourteen days and filter the whole of it -through fine flannel several times, so as to separate the drugs well; -then put in each gallon 2 ounces spirits of camphor and 2 ounces spirits -saffron, when it will be ready for use. - - -DIRECTIONS FOR USE. - -For preventing cholera: first take one tablespoonful in the morning, -fasting on cold water, one at noon, and one at night. Second, for an -attack or symptoms take from 2 to 3 tablespoonsful every 5, 10 or 15 -minutes, as the case may require, until relieved, when the doses may be -lessened, or not so often. Let the patient go to bed and keep warm and -quiet as possible until relieved. Third, for the third stage or relapse, -vomiting and pain in the stomach, take from 2 to 4 tablespoonsful every 5 -or 10 minutes, as the case may be, until relieved or thrown into a sweat; -cover up warm, and if cold apply plenty of hot bricks or bottles with hot -water in, to the feet, hands, body, &c. mustard plaster on the stomach, -rubbing with the hand, some stimulant, as not a moment’s time should -be lost when the cold chill comes on. Fourth stage or relapse, attended -with cold sweats and rice water discharges, take large doses every 3 or -5 minutes; continue until the patient becomes warm and easier. No time -should be lost at this stage of the disease. Apply hot bricks, bottles, -&c. as before directed; when relieved the doses may be less and not so -often--say from ½ hour to 6 hours; continue 3 or 4 days as the case may -require, and do not fail to keep the patient warm, &c. - -For bilious or cramp colic, cholera morbus, flux, bilious fever, &c. -administer doses as above. Let the patient go to bed and keep as quiet -as possible until relieved. In severe cases of cholera morbus, a mustard -plaster should be placed over the stomach, which must be kept on as long -as it can be borne. Travellers and families should not be without this -medicine, as it as considered by all who have used it to be the safest -and surest remedy for the above disease ever introduced. Take a friend’s -advice and never be without this remedy, as it was never known to fail -in curing what it is recommended to do. Give it a fair trial, and its -efficacy will soon be seen. By strictly obeying the directions it is -perfectly safe and harmless; it is also good in sick stomachs, &c. - -This medicine, when persevered in according to directions, will -effectually cure cholera in all its stages, and all that it is -recommended to do, which can be attested by certificates from many -persons. By adding the tincture of cayenne you will find this medicine -effectual in cramp colic; add the tincture until as strong as it can be -taken. - -To be more plain and simple,--in making of the cholera medicine, if in -the summer you can set the bottle or jar in the sun, which should be when -the sun is very warm, letting it remain some 3 or 4 weeks--the longer you -distil, the better the medicine. If in the winter season, you can place -your crock on the top of the stove, keeping the fire regular, so as not -to boil--if you distil until reduced one-third, it will be much stronger -and better. - - -CERTAIN REMEDY FOR RHEUMATISM. - -Take of sarsaparilla root, coltsfoot root, or wild ginger root, sassafras -root, dogwood root, yellow poplar root, prickley ash root, spicewood -root, one handful of each, when dried, as much as you can hold in one -hand; cut the bark off of the roots and pulverize as fine as you can, -except the sarsaparilla, which must be cut in very small pieces; then put -the whole in one gallon of best fourth-proof old rye whiskey, and let it -stand for 1 or 2 weeks; but should you wish to use immediately, set the -vessel containing the ingredients on the stove, and keep just warm for 2 -or 3 days, when it will be fit for use. - - -DIRECTIONS FOR USE. - -Take from 1 to 3 tablespoonsful 3 times a day, one hour before meals. It -may be taken 5 or 6 times a day provided it does not affect the nerves -too much. It is perfectly safe and has cured more cases of rheumatism -than any other remedy introduced. - -I will cite one or two cases where it effected complete cures: Mr. Joshua -Deer, who had been in a most helpless condition for a long time, and -had tried many other remedies in vain, was cured in five days after he -commenced using it, so as to be able to take a ride on horseback, which -can be certified by a number of persons living in the neighborhood. Any -one doubting the above, can have it proven to their satisfaction by -addressing Ezra Deer, or Henry Gross, who was cured by it in less time. - -Let it be understood that there never was a preparation that would -cure all cases: no, not one-fourth, therefore I have given a number of -preparations, so that if one fail, others may prove efficacious, though -the above remedy occupies the head of the list in our own estimation. -Never give up any one remedy until you have given it a fair trial. “He -that holds out faithfully shall be saved.” - -This medicine can be distilled the same as the cholera medicine, bottled -up and kept for years. Mr. Joshua Deer, was cured with the distilled. -Henry Gross and others used it in liquor. You must keep from labor and -exposure, while using the above and be careful not to eat any thing -greasy, or that which will not agree with you. - - -FOR RHEUMATISM. - -Take 1 ounce of saltpetre, 1 quart of ale--if ale cannot be had take -whiskey or water--dissolve the saltpetre in the ale. - - -DIRECTIONS FOR USE. - -Take 1 wine glassful before breakfast, 1 before dinner, 1 before going -to bed, and continue until relieved. Should the second quart do no good, -stop taking it. You must keep from labor and exposure while using the -above. Mr. Dill was cured by this remedy, who had suffered for more than -a year constantly. - - -FOR RHEUMATISM. - -Take 1 ounce of sulphur, 1¼ ounces of saltpetre, ½ ounce of gum guscomb, -2 nutmegs, the whole to be finely pulverized, to which add 12 ounces of -molasses. - - -DIRECTIONS FOR USE. - -Take 1 tea spoonful every night before going to bed, but if it should act -too free on the bowels, the quantity must be diminished. - - -LINIMENT FOR RHEUMATISM. - -Take 1 ounce of spirits of camphor, 1 ounce turpentine, 1 ounce sweet -oil, 1 drachm oil of juniper, 1 drachm carbonate of hartshorn, mix these -perfectly, and apply three times a day, rubbing it in by the stove or -fire with the palm of the hand for 15 minutes. - - -LINIMENT FOR RHEUMATISM - -Take 2 ounces of saltpetre, 2 ounces spirits of hartshorn, 8 ounces of -sweet oil. Pulverize the saltpetre as fine as possible, and mix with -the spirits of hartshorn, letting it dissolve, then add the sweet oil. -Bathe and rub in with the palm of the hand for 15 minutes, at the fire -or stove, wrap with flannel if possible. If not strong enough you may -add hartshorn, if too strong add sweet oil. This is considered the best -liniment ever introduced for the purpose. Use freely. - - -LINIMENT FOR RHEUMATISM OR NEURALGIA. - -Take 8 cayenne pepper pods, and 1 pint of whiskey, boil over a fire -until it is reduced to one-half the quantity, when it will be ready for -use. Bathe the parts affected with the liniment three times a day. This -liniment has often relieved where other remedies have failed. - - -NERVE AND BONE LINIMENT. - -For Swellings, Bruises, Chapped Hands, Frosted Feet, Rheumatism, Cuts, -Burns, Mosquito Bites, Stings, Pains in the Limbs, Back, Chest, &c. Take -1 ounce spirits of hartshorn, 1 ounce spirits camphor, 1 ounce saltpetre, -1 tea spoonful sweet oil, 2 teaspoonsful laudanum; put all into a -bottle, shake and mix well and it is ready for use. Bathe in at a fire -3 tablespoonsful 3 times a day, rubbing with the hand for 15 minutes. -Put the liniment into a bottle, and keep it corked tight. Never pour out -more than one table spoonful at a time, being careful to keep the bottle -corked tight. This liniment is far superior to any other in use, and you -can make as much for 10 cents as you generally buy for 50 cents. Try the -experiment and see for yourself. - -The spirits of camphor is made by mixing 1½ ounces of gum camphor with ½ -pint of 95 per cent. alcohol. Put into a bottle and let them dissolve, -shake occasionally, after which it will be ready for use. - -The spirits of saltpetre is made by taking 2 ounces pulverized saltpetre -put into a bottle, then add 2 ounces spirits of hartshorn, and let it -remain half a day, shaking frequently, then add scant ½ pint 95 per cent. -alcohol, shake and let it dissolve, when it will be fit for use. For -rheumatism add more hartshorn, and bathe the parts affected well. - - -OINTMENT FOR GOUT AND RHEUMATISM. - -The chloride of gold made into an ointment with lard is said to speedily -relieve the pains of the gout or rheumatism. It stains the skin purple, -which can be easily removed by washing it with urine. - - -FOR RHEUMATISM. - -Take 2 balsam apples, put into ½ gallon of good fourth proof whiskey in a -jug and let it stand for a week or ten days, shaking occasionally. Dose, -one wine glassful three times a day. Keep from exposure while using and -eat nothing greasy or that disagrees with the stomach. This has cured -where other remedies have failed, and should the first ½ gallon not -entirely cure, use the second immediately. - - -EFFECTUAL CURE FOR RHEUMATISM. - -The following receipt, given by an Englishman to a respectable tradesman -of Limerick, (Ireland,) who had for a considerable time labored under the -most violent rheumatic pains in all his limbs and joints, having been -used by him as directed but 5 or 6 times, as he states, eradicated the -disease completely. Anxious that so effectual a remedy should be made -publicly known we publish the recipe: - -Take 1 ounce of sulphur, 1¼ ounces of saltpetre, 1½ ounces gum guscomb, -2 nutmegs; the whole to be finely powdered in a mortar and 12 ounces of -molasses. A tea spoonful to be taken every night on going to bed; should -it operate too much on the bowels, a smaller quantity is to be taken. - - -PLASTER FOR RHEUMATISM. - -Or Pains in the Back, &c. It is said to be a certain cure. Take 1 pound -of rosin and melt it over a slow fire, then add ½ pint of tar pouring in -slowly, stirring all the time; when it is well mixed pour all into cold -water, and work it well with your hands. As soon as it is cool and stiff -enough, spread it on a linen rag and apply it to the affected part. The -plaster should be a little larger than the pain extends--if you put the -plaster on sheep skin it will be better. This is sure to give relief. - - -TO MAKE HONEY WITHOUT BEES. - -Take 8 pounds best brown sugar, 1½ pounds rendered honey, 1 ounce cream -of tartar, 4 drops essence of wintergreen, 2 drops essence of peppermint, -2 ounces best molasses, 3 parts of a pint pure cold water, dissolve the -cream of tartar, then put all in a tin or bell metal vessel, let boil -gently 6 or 8 minutes, stirring and mixing occasionally; then beat up the -white of 2 eggs into a foam, and stir them in, and when nearly cool stir -in 2 pounds more of bees honey; skim off whatever may rise to the top. -If you want it nice and clean, strain it through a coarse cloth as soon -as you have the eggs stirred in.--If you strain it put in the 2 lbs. of -honey after it is strained. This makes an excellent honey. The addition -of the eggs is simply to give it the appearance of having combs in it, -but can be left out if you wish. The same honey may be used for the -second making. - - -JUDKIN’S OINTMENT. - -Take 1 pound of red lead, ¾ pound rosin, 1 pint linseed oil, 3 -tablespoonsful lamp black, 2 ounces British oil, ½ ounce sugar of lead -finely pulverized. Boil this over a slow fire one hour, then add 1 -pint more of linseed oil, and boil another hour, when done add ½ pint -of turpentine while cooling off, stir and mix well, do not put the -turpentine in when first taken off the fire. Let it cool 5 minutes, then -pour in the turpentine slowly, stirring well. Should it catch on fire -while pouring in the turpentine, put a lid or cover over the vessel -immediately to smother the fire. There is no danger in making if careful, -as it will be easily smothered. Pour out into a new earthen crock, let -cool off, and when cool put into a jar or tin box. There is nothing -better than this preparation for wounds, fresh or old boils, and cannot -be surpassed for scalds, burns, &c. - - -DIRECTIONS FOR USE. - -Spread a thin coat of the ointment on a piece of linen rag large enough -to cover the scald or burn, which should be renewed twice a day.--Scrape -the old ointment off, and the rag may be used again with another coat of -fresh ointment. For boils cut a hole in the rag so as to give it room to -open and discharge its contents; renew the ointment three times a day. -This is considered one of the best ointments of the age. Give it a trial -and its effects will soon be felt. - - -REMEDY FOR THE BITE OF A SNAKE. - -Take the spirits of camphor made of whiskey and apply it to the bite, -turning the bottle which contains it over the bite and let it remain on -until all the poison is drawn out. The bottle used should have a large -mouth so that it may cover the wound entirely. Drink freely of the -whiskey until you begin to feel its effects. This done in time has never -failed. - - -FOR THE PILES. - -Take the kernel of three peach seeds, mash them well, then add hog’s lard -or fresh butter, not salted, enough to form a salve and rub this between -two butter plates until it becomes of a bluish color, grease with it and -take enough rhubarb to keep the bowels open. - - -CERTAIN CURE FOR CANCER. - -Take 1 pint of strong ley and boil down till it forms a salve, then apply -every 15 minutes until seven plasters have been applied, and as soon as -it begins to bleed stop the applications, then work the core out and -grease with hog’s lard to kill it; heal with ointment or some good salve. -When the ley has been boiled down, should the substance that remains -become hard, work it into a salve. This is also good for the cure of -fistula or poll evil in horses. - - -FOR WHITE SWELLINGS. - -Take 1 handful of mullin leaves and ½ pint of old rye whiskey; boil these -together and strain, then add 1 gill of turpentine and 2 gills of spirits -of camphor. Bathe well until all the swelling and soreness has left, wrap -with flannel which should he dampened with the lotion; this is a certain -remedy. - - -TO KEEP CIDER SWEET. - -Make the cider as late in the fall as possible from solid apples, without -using any water, put away immediately from the press, and lay it in some -place where it may remain quiet, let the place be as cool as possible. -Fill the barrel up full, take the bung out and leave it out for four -days, filling it up occasionally as it settles or works out. Should the -cider stop working under 4 days, rack it off carefully from the dregs, -which should be done as soon as the cider stops working, then put your -cider into a clean sweet barrel--it should be a barrel that has had -whiskey or brandy in it--if not, rinse with water until perfectly clean, -then sweetened by putting in a small quantity of whiskey. If this cannot -be done soak your barrels well so that they may be sweet and clean. After -having racked your cider off from the dregs carefully, put in the whites -of 6 eggs, battered light, and a scant ½ pint of mustard seed. Bung up -and in 5 or 6 weeks rack it off again carefully from the dregs. Cleanse -the barrel well and put in the same barrel--½ gallon of old rye whiskey -will add considerably to its flavor. If your cider is very sour, add from -3 to 5 lbs. white sugar; to insure its preservation it should be strained -through a cloth from the press. By being careful--cider put up in this -way will keep for 5 years. - - -FOR BOILED CIDER. - -Make the cider late in the fall, using none but sound apples, not even -those with small specks in, without any water. Take it right from the -press and put it in a copper kettle; boil it one hour from the time it -commences; skim it off as the skum arises as clean as you can; then -pour into a clean, sweet whiskey barrel, put into a bag scant ½ pint -of mustard seed; let the bag down through the bung hole by a string, -making the string fast to the barrel so as it can be drawn out again -conveniently. It may be flavored with ground cinnamon or cloves if you -fancy the taste. Cider put up in this way will keep a long time and makes -an excellent drink, by adding ½ gallon of old rye whiskey it may be kept -a number of years. Cider, either from the press or boiled, put into -bottles or jugs, corked up tight and sealed over with sealing-wax; it can -be kept many years, and makes a delicious drink. - - -CHERRY BRANDY. - -Press out the juice and add 1 gallon of water to 12 gallons of the juice; -then dissolve in the juice 1 pound of white sugar to the gallon; boil -slowly in a copper kettle, and skim off what rises to the top. Do not -boil too long or it will get thick; when the skum stops rising freely -pour it into some vessel to cool. Do not allow it to stand in the kettle -to cool. When it has become cool put into whatever vessel you wish to -keep it in, and add as much old rye whiskey as may suit your taste, say -from 1 to 3 gallons. The better the whiskey is the better your brandy -will be. Black heart cherries are the best if they can be had. This makes -a much better drink than port wine. - - -BLACK OR DEWBERRY CORDIAL. - -For diarrhœa or summer complaint. This is made by adding 1 pound of -white sugar to 3 pounds of black or dewberries, allowing them to stand -for twelve hours, then pressing out the juice and strain well, adding 1 -third part good french brandy and 1 tea spoonful of finely pulverized -allspice in every part of the cordial, which is ready for use at once. -This cordial cannot be surpassed for children and weak stomachs, &c. - - -BLACK OR DEWBERRY WINE. - -An excellent wine and a valuable medicine for home use. To make a wine -equal to port wine, take ripe blackberries, or dewberries are best; -press out the juice, let it stand thirty-six hours to ferment, skim -off whatever rises to the top, then to every gallon of the juice add -one quart of water and 3 pounds of white sugar. Let this stand in open -vessels for 24 hours, skim and strain it, then barrel it up until March, -when it should be racked off carefully from the dregs, and bottled up for -use. - - -GAS BEER. - -For 8 gallon vessel--take three pints of fresh yeast, 3 pints of New -Orleans molasses, put into your keg, then add 3 gallons of fresh water, -bung up, and shake to mix well. Then take a tin bucket and put in one -tea spoonful of ground cinnamon, 1 of ground cloves, 3 tablespoonsful of -ground allspice, 1 of ginger, 3 pints of molasses, then pour on it hot -water and mix well; let this stand some 10 or 15 minutes, then pour it -into the keg and fill up with fresh water, bung up tight; put something -over the bung to keep it from working out--use a strong keg for this -purpose. This makes an excellent cooling drink in summer. Lay your keg in -the sun several hours or until it commences to work.--In cold weather lay -your keg close to the fire--in fifteen or twenty hours it will be fit for -use. - - -SILVER TOP DRINK. - -Take 1 quart of water, 3 pounds of sugar, 1 tea spoonful of lemon oil; 1 -table spoonful of flour, with the white of 5 eggs well beat up, mix the -above well together, then divide the syrup and add 4 ounces of carbonate -acid in the other, and bottle for use. Pour about a gill out of one -bottle into a tumbler and the same quantity out of the other bottle into -another glass, add a little water if you choose, pour the two together -and drink while effervescing. - - -BLACK INK. - -Take 4 ounces of the extract of log wood, ¼ ounce of bycromate of pot -ash, 1 pint boiling water, stir well until all is dissolved--if the ink -is not black enough, add a little more of bycromate of pot ash. This -preparation will also answer for coloring goods, &c. - - -RED INK. - -Take of spirits of hartshorn 1 pint, pure carmine ½ drachm, put into a -bottle and shake well and it is fit for use. - - -INDELLIBLE INK. - -Take of lunar caustic 100 grains, gum arabic 100 grains, make both fine -and pour water enough over to dissolve it, put into a phial and stop -tightly. - -To make the preparation to be used before writing on the linen, take 2 -drachms of salts of tartar; 2 drachms gum arabic, dissolve these in 1 -ounce of rain water. Before using the ink, wet whatever article you wish -to mark with this last preparation and dry with a smooth iron, then wash -the gum out and you have the name indellibly fixed. - - -ANOTHER BLACK INK. - -Take 1 pound logwood, 1 gallon soft water, boil it 1 hour and add 25 -grains of bycromate of pot ash, 12 grains of prusiate of pot ash, stir a -few minutes over the fire, take it off, and when settled strain it. - - -WASHING FLUID. - -Take 1 gallon of soft soap, 4 ounces of sal soda, ½ gallon soft water, -and ½ gill of spirits of turpentine, place them all into a pot over a -fire and allow the mixture to boil a few minutes, it is then ready for -use and can be kept in an earthen or stone vessel. In using this fluid -the clothes intended to be washed should be soaked in water 10 or 12 -hours, say over night, and then to a 10 or 12 gallon boiler or kettle -full of clothes, covered with water, add 1 pint of fluid, boil briskly -for fifteen minutes, and then wring them out in fresh water. It will be -found that little or no rubbing will be necessary.--This preparation will -save a great deal of hard rubbing and labor--it is truly worth trying. - - -TRANSPARENT SOAP. - -Take 3 pounds of best rosin soap, 1 quart of best alcohol, 1 ounce of -venice turpentine, 1 ounce of oil of sassafras, or you may use bergamot -or the oil of lemon, or cinnamon, either of which will answer. Cut the -soap into thin shavings, put into a pan the alcohol and soap, melt over -a slow fire so as just to keep from boiling; when all is dissolved let -it boil a minute or two, you must be careful not to let the blaze of -the fire get to it or it will catch on fire; it is best to put it on -a stove where there will be no danger, keep stirring slowly until all -is melted, then add your venice turpentine, stirring and mixing for a -minute or so, then take your pan off the fire and put in your oil of -sassafras immediately, or whatever oil you intend using, the oil of -sassafras is however the best. This soap cannot be surpassed for shaving, -washing, and is excellent for sore or rough hands. Try it and you will be -surprised--the rosin soap used must be clear. - - -PROF. BIDDLE’S CELEBRATED PREPARATION FOR THE HAIR AND HEAD. - -To make 1 quart, take nearly one half a pint of cold pressed castor oil -and fill it nearly full of 95 per cent. alcohol, then add ½ ounce of -spirits of hartshorn, ½ ounce of tincture of cantharides, 40 drops oil of -bergamot, which gives it an elegant perfume--shake well and it is ready -for use. - - -DIRECTIONS FOR USE. - -Wash your head first with whiskey, then apply the hair oil freely, pour -it on the head gently and rub with the hand or stiff brush. For children -only use the hair oil. To remove the dandruff, comb the head well with a -fine comb, do this every time you use the preparation. This oil should be -applied twice a week, which will loosen the dandruff so that it may be -easily removed. A great and valuable discovery for the hair and head, two -or three applications of which will remove every particle of dandruff, -purify the skin and prevent the hair from coming out, giving new life -and vigor to every hair on the head, and changing light or sandy hair to -a beautiful dark lustre; also curing dizzy or nervous headache. No one -should be without this valuable preparation, especially those who are -subject to dandruff eruptions of the skin, falling off of the hair, dizzy -or nervous headache. If it should make the head tender, only use half the -tincture of cantharides. The alcohol must be strictly 95 per cent.--you -can add hartshorn if not strong enough, also bergamot for perfume to -suit. It is good for tetter on the head. Every ingredient can be had at -almost any of the drug stores. - - -TO RESTORE THE HAIR IN BALDNESS. - -Take of cold pressed castor oil 2 ounces, tincture of cantharides ½ -ounce, acetic acid ½ ounce, strong water of amonia 1½ ounces, oil of -nutmegs ½ drachm, oil of lavender ½ drachm, put this in a bottle, make -into a lotion, when it will be ready for use. - - -DIRECTIONS FOR USE. - -The head should be perfectly cleaned of all dirt and dandruff, with -castile soap and warm water, and the lotion applied freely and rubbed in -with a stiff hair brush once a day; in a week or two its good effects -will be manifested. This is the best preparation for baldness yet -introduced--give it a fair trial and you will not be disappointed. The -drugs of this preparation can be had at any of the drug stores. - - -TOOTHACHE BALSAM. - -Take of creosote 1 drachm, oil of cloves 1 drachm, tincture of camphor 2 -drachms, oil of petroleum 2 drachms, mix them thoroughly and cork tight -for use. A few drops of this mixture on cotton and applied to the nerve -of the tooth will relieve the pain. - - -TOOTH POWDER. - -Take of supercarbonate of soda 1 ounce, pulverized orris root ½ an ounce, -cream of tartar ½ ounce, oil of roses 10 drops, mix them properly. This -may be used with the finger, rag or soft tooth brush. - - -ANOTHER TOOTH POWDER. - -Carbonate of magnesia any quantity, perfumed with the oil of cinnamon -or neroli. This is the best tooth powder for children--the teeth should -always be cleaned after eating, if you wish to keep the breath sweet. - - -COLOGNE WATER No. 1. - -Take of oil of bergamot 1 ounce, oil of lavender ½ ounce, oil of neroli 1 -drachm, oil of roses 15 drops, oil of cloves 30 drops, new milk 1 pint, -pure alcohol 1 gallon, digest 1 day and filter through close flannel -several times. - - -COLOGNE WATER No. 2. - -Take of oil of bergamot 1 ounce, oil of lemon 1 ounce, oil of lavender -3 ounces, tincture of muck 1 drachm, pure alcohol 7 pints, rose water 1 -pint, gum camphor 20 grains, mix and digest 1 day and filter--cork up -tight for use. - - -COLOGNE WATER No. 3. - -Take oil of roses 5 drops, oil of bergamot 1 ounce, oil of lemon 1 ounce, -oil of lavender 2½ ounces, oil of rosemary ½ ounce, oil of cinnamon -10 drops, pure alcohol 7 pints, new milk 1 pint. Let the mixture stand -one day and filter. All preparations of cologne should be kept closely -stopped, otherwise they will lose their fine flavor. - - -TOOTHACHE DROPS. - -Take of 95 per cent. alcohol 1 pint, oil of origanum 2 ounces, gum -camphor 2 ounces, tartaric acid ½ ounce. Digest 1 day and mix well, when -it will be ready for use--cork up tight.--A few drops of this mixture on -cotton applied to the nerve, and the gums well rubbed with it will soon -relieve the pain. This is harmless and pleasant. If you cannot get any -cotton to the nerve, bathe the tooth and gums well with it. - - -FOR DYSPEPSIA. - -Take of 1½ pounds of white mustard seed from 1 tea spoonful to 1 table -spoonful, between meals--the whole seeds in cold water. - - -TO PRESERVE BUTTER No. 1. - -Take saltpetre and loaf sugar of an equal proportion and make a liquid. -After packing the butter in a jar or sweet keg, pour over enough of the -liquid to cover the butter an inch or two. If you should wish to re-pack -the butter, pour off the liquid, which if sweet, may be used again when -you have done packing. - - -TO PRESERVE BUTTER No. 2. - -Reduce separately to a fine powder, in a dry mortar, 2 pounds of the best -common salt, 1 pound of saltpetre and 1 pound of loaf sugar; sift one of -them over the other on a sheet of paper, then mix them well together and -they are ready for use. 1 ounce of the preparation is enough, to a pound -of butter, and if well worked in will preserve it sweet for three years. -This is worth giving a trial. - - -TO PICKEL CUCUMBERS. - -Let your cucumbers be small, fresh gathered and free from spots; then -make a pickel of salt and water, strong enough to bear up an egg; boil -the pickel in a copper kettle if convenient; and skim it well; then pour -it upon the cucumbers and tie them down for 24 hours, strain out through -a colander and dry off well with a cloth. - -Take the best wine or cider vinegar, cloves, mace, nutmegs, pepper and -race ginger, boil them together and put the cucumbers in with a little -salt, as soon as they begin to turn their color, put them into jars, -crocks or tight barrels; when cold tie on a bladder or leather. This is -excellent and worthy attention. - - -SOFT GINGER BREAD. - -Four cups of molasses, 2 of butter, 2 of milk, eight eggs, two -teaspoonsful of pearlash, ginger, and sufficient flour to make it stiff -as pound cake. - - -TO PRESERVE PEACHES. - -Take ripe free stone peaches--pare, stone and quarter them; to six pounds -of the cut peaches allow three pounds of the best brown sugar; stew the -sugar and peaches together, and set them away in a covered vessel; next -morning put them into a preserving kettle and boil it slowly about an -hour and three quarters, skimming it well. - - -TO PRESERVE PLUMBS, &c. - -A pound of sugar to a pound of fruit; the sugar should be melted over a -fire, moderate enough not to scorch it when melted. It should be skimmed -clean and the fruit dropped in to simmer until it is soft. Put them in -jars and cover carefully from the air. Glass is much better than earthen -for preserves--they are not so apt to ferment. - - -SOAP TO TAKE GREASE OUT OF CLOTH, SATINS, SILKS, &c. - -Take 4 pounds of white bar soap, 1½ pints 95 per cent. alcohol, 1½ ounces -of nitric acid, 2 do. of saltpetre, 2 ounces soda, ¾ ounce camphor; cut -the bar soap into thin shavings, put all the above ingredients in a -crock, then boil over a slow fire, with very little blaze; pulverize your -camphor as fine as possible and when all is properly dissolved, which -will take 1 hour or so then take the pot off the fire and when cooled add -1½ ounces spirits of amonia, pour in slowly stirring all the time; should -it catch on fire smother it with a cover or by throwing a cloth over -the pot. Stir while boiling, and scent with ½ ounce of oil of cinnamon. -This will remove grease spots from cloth, silks, &c., by taking a tooth -brush--dip into water and make a lather with the soap, rub the grease -spot well with the brush and lather, then wash it out twice in cold -water, rinsing and squeezing the soap out as clean as possible--let it be -clean water each time. This will take grease, paint, tar, oil, &c., out -of any kind of goods when properly applied. By pouring it in a flat pan -you can cut your soap into cakes of any size. - - -SOAP FOR GREASE, TAR, PAINT, &c. - -Take 1 quart 95 per cent. alcohol, 2¾ pounds best home made soap; cut -the soap into thin shavings, then put the soap and alcohol into a pan -or vessel over a slow fire, and let all dissolve before it boils; when -dissolved boil a few minutes, then pour the soap into a pan, and when -cooled off cut into cakes. This preparation is excellent for washing -dirty clothes and will not require near the labor that the common soap -does. For cloth, silks, &c., you may take less soap. It may be used in -the same manner directed for the other soap. - - -REMEDY FOR ITCH No. 1 - -Take broad dock roots and lard sufficient to form a mixture, boil it -until it forms a salve.--Bury the salve in the ground for 24 hours, then -grease 2 or 3 times every evening before going to bed, dry in by the -stove and shift the clothes. It never fails. Take sulphor of brimstone -several days before applying the salve. This plant is not the burdock nor -the narrowdock, which it resembles, except that the leaves of the broad -dock are broader and the stocks do not grow near so high. - - -REMEDY FOR ITCH No. 2. - -Take 4 ounces of venice turpentine, 4 ounces of red precipitate, 1 pound -of unwashed butter. The turpentine must be washed 9 times in fresh spring -water, then mix all the ingredients thoroughly. Apply several times of an -evening before going to bed and dry in at the stove, after which put on -clean clothes. Avoid getting wet while using this salve. Take sulphor and -cream of tartar 2 or 3 days before applying. - - -REMEDY FOR ITCH No. 3. - -Take narrow dock and grate it, then add sweet milk or cream and fry them -together and grease with it 3 or 4 times every evening, drying in at the -stove, then dress with clean clothes. Take ½ tea spoonful of sulphor -twice a day several days before and after. This is a certain cure. - - -PILLS BY DR. W. B. YOUNG. - -Take calomel, jalap, aloes and rhubarb, equal portions, mix all together -and add a little water at a time, and mix until you cannot see the -calomel grains, roll in powdered helebore or epicac. Dose from 1 to 3 -pills once a day in the evening. Roll the mixture out in rolls and cut up -to make the regular sizes. These are an excellent domestic pill. - - -FRENCH PATENT OIL VARNISH. - -For Boots, Shoes, Harness and Carriages:--Take 1 gallon alcohol, 1¼ -pounds gum shellac, 8 ounces of white turpentine, 4 ounces of rosin, 4 -ounces of venice turpentine, 4 ounces oil of lavender, 1 ounce lamp black -to color with; put the gum shellac and alcohol into a jug and shake, let -it stand a day or two to dissolve, then add the other ingredients and -shake well until all is dissolved, when it is ready for use. In applying -this polish use a sponge or brush, lightly and briskly, and it will make -a beautiful polish. It will render leather water proof, but if used -regularly a small quantity of oil should be applied occasionally. - - -COX’S HIVE SYRUP. - -Take of bruised squills 10 drachms, seneca snake root 10 drachms; add the -squills and snake root to 1 pint of water that has been first boiled, -settled and poured off and simmer slowly until you have but half a pint -of water, then strain it off and add clarified sugar 1 pound, and simmer -until all are well mixed, then add tartar emetic 22 grains, salts of -tartar 22 grains, stir and mix properly while the fluid is warm, stop -it up tight for use. This syrup is good in coughs, croup or bad colds -in children, in 10 or 15 drop doses--no family should do without it one -day. If you do not wish to be troubled making it, buy some and always -keep it in your house. It is a sure and safe remedy for croup, in which -little larger doses should be administered often until it vomits pretty -freely--continue with the syrup until the tightness is broken, then use -occasionally, not enough to vomit so often. By keeping this remedy at -hand you may save some one of your family, and a large amount of trouble -and expense. In croup put a mustard plaster on the breast and throat -immediately, as no time is to be lost. Mustard plaster is made with -ground mustard and wheat flour equal parts; mix them together and wet -with warm vinegar, greasing the throat and breast with turpentine or good -liniment; putting flannel around the neck is very good.--Young parents -should be on their guard when not acquainted with the disease. - - -DOMESTIC COUGH SYRUP. - -Take of cumfrey root one ounce, elecampane root 1 ounce, nettle root -1 ounce, hoarhound leaves 1 ounce, spikenard root ½ ounce, pulverize -all fine and boil them in a quart of water down to a pint, strain the -liquor off and when settled pour off again; add to it 1 pint of strained -honey, and simmer down slowly to a pint and a half; add to it scant ½ -ounce juice of indian turnip; take a green turnip and beat and squeeze -the juice out, add to the syrup when milk warm; if put in while hot -it will lose its medical properties. A table spoonful or less may be -taken from 4 to 6 times a day, in cases of bad cough, it is healing and -strengthening to the lungs; it may be made with or without the indian -turnip juice. The indian turnip is an excellent of itself. - - -GREAT SALVE FOR WOUNDS, &c. - -Take 1 pound sheep tallow, 1 pound beeswax, ½ pound rosin elder inside -bark, 1 pound balm of gillead leaves or flowers, put into a pan and fry -over a slow fire to a salve, spread thin on a linen rag and apply 2 or 3 -times a day. - - -SODA POWDERS. - -To make these powders put 1 tea spoonful of carbonate of soda into a -glass nearly half full of water, and ½ tea spoonful of tartaric acid in -the other, and add enough sugar and lemon syrup or lemon juice to suit -the taste; stir and dissolve the powders and sugar, then pour one into -the other and drink while effervescing. This is a very pleasant and -cooling drink. - - -PATENT BLACK JAPAN. - -For iron or wood carriages, &c. Take 1 gallon of turpentine, 2¼ pounds -asphaltum, put them into an iron pot over a charcoal fire and let remain -until dissolved, then strain it--if it becomes too thick when cold add -spirits of turpentine. For wood or canvass add while hot, to every gallon -1 pint of copal varnish and ½ pint of linseed oil. This is a good and -cheap paint or varnish, used by a great many coach-makers, blacksmiths, -&c. - - -TO MAKE SOFT SOAP. - -Take 10 pounds of common yellow or rosin soap, such as is purchased here -for 4 or 6 cents per pound, 6 pounds sal-soda, 10 gallons soft or rain -water; cut the soap into small thin pieces and put the whole over a fire, -bring the water nearly to a boiling point and allow it to remain at that -temperature until the soap is thoroughly dissolved; it may then be taken -off. If the soap made with these ingredients is found to be too strong -add cold water until it becomes of the proper consistency and strength. - - -FURNITURE POLISH. - -Take ¼ pound beeswax, separate into shavings, put in a pan and add ½ -gallon of spirits of turpentine and 1 pint linseed oil; let it remain for -12 hours, then stir it well with a stick into a liquid; while stirring -add ¼ pound shellac varnish and 1 ounce alkinet root. Put this mixture -into a gallon jar and stand it before a fire or in an oven for a week, -just to keep it warm, shaking it up 3 or 4 times a day, then strain it -through a hair sieve or fine flannel. In using pour a tea spoonful on a -wad of baize or flannel, and go lightly over the face or other parts of -the mahogany furniture, then apply a similar dry wad briskly and in three -minutes it will produce a dark brilliant polish, unequalled and of great -value. The shellac varnish is made by taking ¼ pound good gum shellac and -pouring alcohol enough over to dissolve it, say as much as to cover the -shellac. - - -ESSENCE OF LEMON. - -Take 1 pint alcohol, ½ ounce of oil of lemon, color with tincture of -tamarisk. To make these essences for family use you should take 95 per -cent. alcohol and the quantity of oil named in the receipt, which will -save you three hundred per cent. paying you for your labor. If you wish -to make a pint, get a glass bottle that will hold a little more than a -pint and put your alcohol and oil in, shake and mix them well, then color -to suit. - -To make 1 gallon of the essences for sale, take 1 gallon of common -alcohol and 2 ounces of the oil--color as in the others. - - -ESSENCE OF PEPPERMINT. - -Take 1 pint alcohol, ½ ounce of oil of peppermint, and if you wish it -colored add in small quantities the tincture of tamarisk, stirring it, -until you have the color to suit your taste. This is excellent for cramp -colic in man or horse. - - -EYE WATER. - -Take 40 grains sulphate of zinc to ½ pint of warm soft water, shake -until well dissolved and cork up tightly. In using pour out about 1 tea -spoonful into a cup and bathe the eyes with it. Never use by dipping -your finger into the bottle, but pour a small quantity out into a vessel -of some kind. This is the best eye water yet introduced and will be -certain to relieve the inflamed eye. Try it and its efficacy will soon -be manifested. Always bathe the eye of an evening, just before going to -bed--if it is used during the day you should keep out of the air. If too -strong add a little water. The cost of this preparation is but 6¼ cents, -and cannot be surpassed. - - -ESSENCE OF CINNAMON. - -Take 1 pint of alcohol, ½ ounce of oil of cinnamon, color with the -tincture of red sanders, and mix as above. This is excellent in diarrhœa, -summer complaints or looseness of the bowels. - - -CERTAIN CURE FOR FELON. - -We have known instances of the most intense suffering, neither rest by -day or sleep at night, in which this process has effected cures. As soon -as it becomes apparent that a felon is making its appearance, which is -known by a constant soreness and pain proceeding from the bone, take -a strong cord of any kind and wrap it about the afflicted part, as -tightly as can be borne; keep it in this condition until the pain can be -endured no longer. Now loose the cords and soon as the pain, caused by -the cording subsides, tighten it again. Continue this for several days -or until the felon is completely blackened and killed.--We have known -several persons who have been afflicted with felons to try this remedy -with success--in fact we have never known it to fail. The cording stops -the circulation and then the sore has nothing to feed upon, when it soon -dies of starvation. We have faith in this remedy, even after a felon has -made considerable progress. If the felon has commenced at the bone the -sooner you have it cut the better; there is no application that will -burst or open the skin that is next to the bone, it should be cut if the -above remedy fails.--_Clipper._ - - -CURE FOR BRONCHITIS. - -Croton oil it is said will entirely remove this complaint. A minister -of the gospel who had been laid aside from his pastoral office by the -bronchitis, for three years, has entirely recovered his voice by the -application of croton oil to the surface of the throat, against the organ -affected, one drop daily rubbed over the surface produced a singular but -powerful eruption of the skin, which as it progressed restored his voice -to its full tone and vigor. - - -RECEIPT FOR HOGS. - -That have lost their appetite. Put urine in the slop, or when you can -conveniently, urinate in the trough as you pass along. This is excellent, -but a small quantity of ashes put in their slop cannot be surpassed for -restoring the appetite, and also very good for the kidneys, worms, &c. -Give it a trial and be convinced of its efficacy. - - -GREASE FOR CARRIAGES, &c. - -Take 1 pound of beeswax, ½ pint of lamp black, mix well while hot, and -when cooling off, add oil until it becomes of a proper consistency. In -the winter season add more oil. This makes a lasting grease, which cannot -be surpassed for carriages, &c. - - -FOR PLAGUE BLISTER. - -Take sassafras leaves and dip them in warm water, then take castile soap -and make a thick lather, and apply with a soft brush as far as the sore -or inflammation extends, then apply the sassafras leaves, warm 3 or 4 -thick, tie it up loosely, renew every 8 hours. This cannot be surpassed -for inflammation of this nature. Give it a trial and its effects will -soon be felt. Use none but castile soap. - -The following certificate attests the value of this simple cure:-- - - MIDDLETOWN Frederick Co., Md. - June 5th, 1852. - - _To all whom it may concern, greeting_:-- - - I hereby certify, that some time in March, 1847, my wife was - afflicted with a pain and swelling in her arm, which proved - extremely painful, and appeared to be contracting the arm, - leaving a red or purple streak as far as the swelling extended. - As some three or four of my children were then lying sick with - scarlet fever, also a negro girl, several physicians were sent - for to attend them, who were consulted in relation to my wife. - Some pronounced it the hysterics, others attempted to effect a - cure, but all in vain; at length it was pronounced a pest or - plague blister and very dangerous. The person who informed me - what it was, recommended me to Mr. J. D. Koogle for a cure. Mr. - Koogle came and applied poultices, which in an hour or two - after the first application relieved her so much as to enable - her to sleep, which she had not done for ten or twelve days. - Previous to this the physicians recommended every thing that - had a tendency to induce sleep without avail. Nothing could - ease her pain so as to enable her to sleep. She continued the - poultices recommended by Mr. Koogle until finally relieved, - though they left the hand and part of the arm perfectly - hollow--nothing but skin, bone and sinew--yet the parts are - now entirely healed and as full as usual, without any other - application. - - Yours, &c. - - JACOB T. C. MILLER. - - -RECEIPT FOR HUMORS OR BREAKING OUT ON CHILDREN. - -Take wheat flour and put into a hot stove, roast it to a brown color, -stir and mix it while browning. In using sprinkle on the sore--it -scarcely ever fails to heal after all other remedies have failed. The -sores should not be dried up too suddenly, and particularly when it is a -general breaking out over the face, hands, &c. - - -CERTAIN CURE FOR BITE OF A SNAKE. - -Drink as much whiskey as you can. It will do no harm and is a certain -cure--use it immediately after the bite. - - -CURE FOR THE BITE OF A MAD DOG. - -Take of elecampane root 1½ ounces, cut it fine or pulverize if you can, -then boil it in one pint of new milk down to a quarter of a pint. Take -this in the morning fasting, and eat no food till 4 o’clock in the -afternoon. It should be taken every other morning--the two last doses -must weigh 2 ounces each. This may be used several times a day. - - -CLAY POULTICE FOR MAN OR HORSE. - -Take of yellow clay any quantity, and add vinegar enough to form a -poultice, apply it cold. To a sprained joint it gives very speedy relief, -often cures in one night. This cannot be surpassed for a fresh sprain on -horses. - - -DOMESTIC TONIC. - -Yellow poplar bark, dogwood bark, wild cherry bark, 1 ounce of each; -pulverize fine, and add to them 1 quart of whiskey, shake the bottle and -let it stand one week. A table spoonful in water three times a day is a -dose in cases of debility after fevers. - - -OINTMENT FOR SCROFULUS ULCERS. - -Take of basilicon ointment 1 ounce, venice turpentine ½ oz., pulverized -verdigris 2 drachms, beef gall ½ ounce, mix them perfectly over a slow -fire. Dress the sores twice a day--do not wet them but wipe them clean -with a soft rag. - - -GREEN OINTMENT. - -Take basilicon ointment ½ pound, finely pulverized¾ verdigris ½ ounce; -melt the basilicon slowly and add the verdigris, stirring until it is -well mixed. This is a good dressing for old sores and ring worms on the -head or face. - - -TINCTURE OF PEACH KERNELS. - -Take ½ pint of peach kernels, bruise them and add one quart of whiskey. -Take a table spoonful three times a day. This often cures gravel in the -form of sand or fine gravel in the bladder. We have known the patient to -pass off gravel in large quantities while using this remedy. - - -FOR TRANSPLANTING TREES. - -That are flagging or drooping, or looking as if they were going to say -good bye. First reduce the top litter, or if needed a good deal, it may -be that there is more top to exhaust than root to supply; then loosen -the soil and water if dry, and lastly mulch the ground as far as the -roots extend. This you may do by covering it with three or four inches of -straw. Litter tan bark or something of that sort to keep the roots cool -and moist, so as to cause them into new growth. Watering a transplanted -tree every day, letting the surface dry hard with the sun and wind, is -too much like basting a joint of meat before the kitchen fire to be -looked upon as decent treatment, for any thing living when you water do -it after the sun sets. If you find your fruit trees barren from too great -running to wood, (about the first of June is the time) clip or pinch off -the ends of the side shoots, so as to expend its substance in making buds -instead of wasting all the sap in over growth. - - -HOW TO KEEP APPLES. - -Spread on the floor oats to the depth of about two inches; the oats -should be good and properly cured, and then place your apples side by -side on the oats until they are covered over with them. Then cover your -apples again, and continue laying a course of apples and oats until -you have finished your crop. If they are properly put up they will -keep better in this way than any other way. Farmer try it and convince -yourself. - - -DOMESTIC YEAST. - -Boil 1 pound of good flour, ¼ pound of brown sugar and a little salt with -two gallons of water for one hour. When milk warm bottle it and cork -close; it will be fit for use in 24 hours; 1 pound yeast will make 18 -pounds of bread. - - -COMPOST TO PREVENT CROWS AND INSECTS FROM TAKING CORN. - -Take from 1 to 2 pounds sulphor brimstone mixed with plaster and ashes, -and a handful scattered on to the corn as it peeps out of the ground will -be sufficient to protect an acre from their ravages. Brimstone is a good -manure on all soil that does not abound in it. - - -HOW TO DESTROY LICE OR VERMIN ON CHICKENS. - -Place among the sand and dust that the hens dust themselves in ½ pound -black sulphor and also sprinkle some lime in and mix. This will keep -them off and give them a glossy appearance. If infested with these -insects dampen the skin under the feathers with a little water, then -sprinkle a little black sulphor on the skin, and in 12 hours they will -all disappear. Also, previous to setting a hen, if the nest be slightly -sprinkled with the sulphor there, is no danger of the hen becoming -annoyed by them. - - -WORTH KNOWING. - -One pound of green copperas, costing 6 cents, dissolved in 1 quart of -water, and poured down a privy, will effectually destroy the foulest -smells; for water closets aboard ships and steamboats, or for rats, mice, -&c., keep it dissolved near the place and in a few days it will all -disappear. About hotels and other public places, there is nothing so nice -to cleanse places as simple green copperas dissolved under the bed in any -thing that will hold water, and thus render a hospital and other places -for the sick free from unpleasant smells. For butchers’ stalls, fish -markets, slaughter houses, sinks and wherever there are offensive and -putrid gasses, dissolve copperas and sprinkle it about, and in a few days -the smell will pass away. - - - - -APPENDIX. - -INFORMATION HOW TO TREAT DANGEROUS DISEASES. - - -There are several diseases which are very dangerous and run their course -in a very short time, and prove fatal if they are not properly treated or -arrested before they become firmly seated. I would here urge upon every -owner of horses, (and in fact every disease which this work treats on,) -to pay strict attention to it. In many diseases, what you can do must be -done at once or not at all--the old saying is ‘a stitch in time saves -nine,’ and there is a great deal of truth in this, in many diseases. - -I would here urge upon you the importance of glystering in certain -diseases. In the Wind Colic and also in the Spasmodic Colic, as soon -as you ascertain what the disease is and not before. The truth of the -matter is that no man has any right to give any medicine until he is -certain what the disease is. Give the medicine and course of treatment -prescribed in the disease then quickly follow with injections. If you -have neglected to prepare yourself for glystering, back-rake with your -hand--this is done by greasing the hand and arm with lard or oil and -introduce it as far as you can. The glystering or back-raking never does -any harm but always assists in relieving. Every owner of horses should -prepare himself with several large beef or hog bladders, a few elders -with the pith punched or burnt out, and by so doing you are prepared at -any time to give an injection. This may be done by cutting a notch around -the one end of the elder, then fill your bladder with soap suds or oil, -next tie the bladder on the end of the elder you have notched, firmly, -and introduce the elder into the fundament, and then you can force the -suds into the fundament easily by pressing on the bladder. You should -in all cases where there is great danger of losing your horse, give -injections and continue to repeat them until they operate. There are many -cases in colics that the horse is bound or corked, this can be perceived -by the horse trying frequently or straining to dung; when this does -occur it is very dangerous and you must in these cases give large doses -of aloes and glyster freely, repeating until you get it to operate. If -you fail to get an operation you will lose your horse. Preparation for -glystering: Take warm water and make a suds with soap, add thereto epsom -salts, and in some cases you may add ½ oz. aloes. Fish oil is a very good -article of itself; from a pint to a quart for one injection. I have known -1 pint of fish oil to be given as a drench in colic, and has relieved -where all other remedies have failed. - -I will here state that there are more horses killed by medicine -improperly given than ever was cured. For this reason, the great majority -of owners of horses and in fact a great many farriers who pretend to -know, do not know what the disease is, and next is a dose of medicine -and perhaps in less than half an hour the horse drops down dead, and -why, because in many cases the medicine given for the disease, is the -dose that poisons or kills him, from the fact that he was mistaken in -the disease, or given medicine for one disease when it was another. -Therefore, I here again assert that no man has any right to give -medicine until he fully ascertains what the disease is. This he can -easily get at if he will pay some attention to the symptoms which are -so plainly described in this work. As soon as your horse commences to -complain, watch him closely and you will find him to point out to you -plainly what the disease is, and you will find the horse to point it out -to a hair’s breadth as I have described it to you. - -Why is it that men will toil and labor hard through the summer’s heat, -and expose themselves to the extreme cold in winter, and at the end of -the year perhaps, will lose more in horse flesh than they have made. -Millions of dollars are lost yearly in horses and a great part of it -for the want of carefulness and paying some attention to the diseases -of the horse, which costs no man any hard labor or exposure. Let me -urge upon you the importance of reading this work over again and again, -paying attention to it as you peruse it over, and you will find it gives -you such information as each and every person should have for his own -interest. I will here state that an ounce of preventative is a great -deal better than a pound of cure. Many diseases might be prevented by -being cautious in their treatment to horses and keeping them in a healthy -condition. This should be done by using the celebrated horse powders -on page 60, twice a year, fall and spring. Say you feed from 1 to 1½ -pounds to each horse, each time, fall and spring. If you adopt this once -you will never depart from it afterward, as you will find it to be a -preventative of diseases and will find so much improvement in your stock -that you will not depart from it. Every man that has a horse should habit -himself to sprinkle a little salt on the feed every time he feeds his -horse. The salt is nourishing and is just as much needed in the horse’s -food every meal as it is needed on the food that a man eats. - -The Inflammation of the Lungs is another dangerous disease. It is -becoming to be a common disease among horses, and carries off its -thousands, simply because it is at first a sneaking disease; the farmer -and owner thinks very little of it when it first makes its appearance, -and the truth is there are very few persons who know anything about the -disease, and if it is suffered to run over the third day, you might as -well take the horse out where you want him to die; yet, with all its -danger and certainty of death if neglected, there is not a disease which -is plainer in its symptoms or is pointed out plainer by the horse than in -this disease. It is impossible to be mistaken in this disease if you but -pay the least attention to it, and is easily conquered if taken in time. -In this disease the foxglove, tartar emetic and nitre should be used -twice or thrice a day, as directed in Inflammation of the Lungs. - -Bots is another which is very dangerous when they take hold. Feed the -Celebrated Horse Powders, as directed and use plenty of salt and you will -not have one case in a thousand of Bots. - -If you want the best Lotion in the world for fresh or old wounds on -horses, turn to page 70, there you will find it, Tincture of Aloes and -Myhr; if you want to cure the Ringbone or Spavin, turn to page 71, and -you will find it; if you want to cure the Blood or Bog Spavin, turn to -page 68; if you want a Lotion for to cure the Scratches in a few days, -turn to page 64; if you want a Lotion for Sprains, Bruises, Swellings, -&c., turn to page 63; if you want a certain remedy for Sweaney, turn to -page 74; if you want to see the List of Medicines used in the diseases -of horses, you will find them from pages 93 to 108, giving their medical -properties and uses. - -I will here name a few Domestic Medicines, Receipts, &c., and would -urge every person and family to make use of them and keep them on hand, -as they have proven to be very valuable and will do what they are -recommended to do. Dr. Wickey’s Cholera Medicine cannot be surpassed for -cholera, cholera morbus, diarrhœa, summer complaint, looseness of the -bowels, sickness of the stomach, cramp colic, flux, &c. This Medicine is -easily prepared and will keep for many years if made out of good brandy. -There is not any Medicine now in use that will give the same amount of -satisfaction as this, and it is perfectly safe and harmless, as it is -purely vegetable, see page 148. - -Prof. Biddle’s preparation for the hair and head will positively cure the -tetter or any itching or humor of the skin, will prevent the hair from -falling off, and has restored more hair than any other hair restorative -ever introduced, see page 174. - -If you want sweet cider the year round, turn to page 165 and follow -directions, and you will have it; if you want honey without bees, turn to -page 161 and you can have it; if you have the rheumatism and want to be -cured, turn to pages 152, 153, 154 and 155; if you want a liniment that -cannot be surpassed and is easily made, turn to page 157 and you will -see how to make it. You should add double the quantity of laudanum and -use the spirits of saltpetre--which is made by pouring alcohol over the -saltpetre, the same as the camphor. - -If you want to read an interesting subject, turn to page 131 and read -the whole subject and you will have it in truth; if you want the best -medicine in the world for colic, turn to pages 128 and 129. I will here -state that the Pipsisseway is the best for colic, it has a whitish -stripe running through the centre of the leaf. The Wintergreen has not -this whitish stripe through the centre; both of them keep green the -year round. The Wintergreen is considered very excellent for colds and -coughs, it is used as a tea for coughs. If you want an eye water that -will relieve inflamed eyes, turn to page 194; this is truly valuable and -is a harmless application, yet easily made, costing but 6¼ cents. - -I have here named some of the leading articles, which will prove to be -very valuable to all that have occasion to make use of them. Try them and -you will be convinced. - - -SCARLET FEVER. - -I will here give to the reader the symptoms of Scarlet Fever. This -disease has slain its thousands where the monster disease, Cholera has -slain its hundreds, and it becomes every parent to feel it his duty to -be careful when the disease is in the neighborhood. It is evident that -the disease is contagious, in this form it can be taken by inhaling the -breath from one that has it, and it is satisfactorily proven that it can -be carried in woollen goods from one family to another. - -SYMPTOMS:--This disease commences with chilliness, dullness of the head -and prostration of strength, according to the violence of the attack. -There is sometimes nausea and vomiting, and the surface soon becomes -florid and hot. - -The throat is generally inflamed and the same appearance extends to the -tongue, which is sometimes of a very deep scarlet, tinged with blue. If -the symptoms are increased, it is called Scarlet Fever in a malignant -form, the symptoms are very violent and the patient becomes pale and -faint, the heart palpitates, the Fever continues to rise higher and -higher, there is great danger. - -The pulse now rises to one hundred and fifteen or twenty strokes in a -minute. The pulse and the eruption will give the form and character of -the disease. The eruption generally commences with red patches, which -spread and unite till they cover the whole body. The eruption appears -first on the face and neck, then on the legs, and the redness is greatest -about the loins and bending of the joints, and on the hands and ends of -the fingers. There is however not a perfect regularity in the eruption -of Scarlet Fever, either in appearance or duration. In ordinary cases -the eruption remains out about four days, when the grain of the skin -begins to peel off and in a few days more it disappears. As the disease -progresses, the tonsils becomes specked with ash colored spots and -Ulceration follows. In favorable cases their slugs come off in eight or -ten days. - -If the Patient does not die by the ninth day, he will generally get -well under proper management, though it may be three weeks, in some -cases before he recovers. When this disease terminates favorably, all -the symptoms generally yield, beginning about the fourth day after the -eruption appears. The patient is more liable to relapse in this disease -than any other, and caution should be used to prevent a relapse. Parents -would do well to watch its first appearance and keep their children from -its influence as much as possible using preventatives, such as keeping a -tar plaster around the neck, keeping gum camphor, a little asafœtida and -a small piece of garlic around the neck--this should be put into a small -muslin bag and hung around the neck. Let the children eat small pieces -of garlic during the day. These are considered preventatives by the -Medical Faculty. - -TREATMENT--Give mild purgatives, such as Oil, to keep the bowels open. -Drink plentifully of balm tea, if this cannot be had, use Sage, Hysop, -Saffron Blossom, or Dittany. This will bring out the eruption and keep -it out full. If this can be accomplished, the danger will be very much -lessened. This fact should be kept in view in all eruptive diseases. Keep -a Tar Plaster around the neck; add to the tar a small portion of Spirits -of Turpentine, keep this on for some time, renewing, adding turpentine -enough to cause the skin to red. If the patient be not very careful when -he gets out, he will take cold, and the glands of the neck will swell -and suppurate and the ear will run, and if great attention be not paid, -deafness will probably be the result. - -They must be kept clean and Laudanum and Sweet Oil put into them every -day till they get well. - - -6 REASONS FOR PLANTING AN ORCHARD. - -First, would you leave an inheritance to your children, plant an orchard. -No other investment of money and labor will in the long run pay so well. -Second, would you make home pleasant, the abode of the social virtues, -plant an orchard. Nothing better promotes among neighbors a feeling of -kindness and good will, than a treat of good fruit often repeated. - -Third, Would you remove from your children the strongest temptation to -steal, plant an orchard. If children cannot obtain fruit at home, they -are very apt to steal it, and when they have learned to steal fruit, they -are in a fair way to steal horses, &c. - -Fourth, Would you cultivate a constant feeling of thankfulness towards -the Giver of all good, plant an orchard. By having constantly before you -one of the greatest blessings given to men, you must be hardened indeed -if you are not influenced by a spirit of humility and thankfulness. - -Fifth, Would you have your children love their home, respect their -parents while living and venerate their memory when dead, in all their -wanderings, look back upon the home of youth as a sacred spot, as oasis -in the great wilderness of the world, then plant an orchard. - -Sixth, In short, if you wish to avail yourself of the blessings of a -bountiful Providence, which are within your reach, you must plant an -orchard. And when you do it, see that you plant good fruit, don’t plant -Crab Apple Trees, nor Wild Plums, nor Indian Peaches, the best are -the cheapest. Seriously, we have often wondered why our farmers did -not devote more attention to the cultivation of fruit; it certainly -would prove profitable and pleasant. An orchard of an acre or so of -choice fruit, properly taken care of could not be the least profitable -portion of a farm. Upwards of a hundred bushels of fruit can be gathered -annually, and without much trouble from merely a small garden patch. One -great point to commence with is to procure good sorts, for it requires -no more labor to attend a tree that will bear apples worth seventy-five -cents and a dollar a bushel than one producing those not worth more than -two shillings. Let our farmers think of these things. But, the inquiry is -frequently made how shall we manage our trees, to produce fine flavored -fruit in a short time. - -First, select good, rich soil, such as will produce 70 bush. indian -corn per acre, if not such it should be made such by manuring. You -cannot expect a tree to flourish and produce good fruit when there is no -strength or food to supply it with proper nourishment. It is too much -like building a house without a foundation, or sitting down to dine at -an empty dish, there being nothing to support the growth of the tree, no -food to supply it with proper nourishment, finally, it dies for the want -of nourishment, if not, the fruit which it bears, if any, is small and -knotty, having scarcely any taste or flavor. If you want nice, large, -fine flavored fruit, prepare your soil before planting your trees and -keep it prepared by manuring occasionally. It is unreasonable to expect -to raise fruit from a tree when it is half or three quarters starved out, -all for the want of nourishment. You may here make inquiry how to prepare -your soil. This may be done by putting a heavy dressing of manure on it, -then obtain sufficient depth of soil, so as to enable the roots to extend -themselves freely and hold moisture without dying out in protracted -drought. This may be done with a common plow, letting it run 8 or 10 -inches deep, then by means of a good subsoil plow, running it in the same -furrow, you will obtain a depth of 15 or 18 inches. This process should -be continued until you have all plowed that depth. When you have this -accomplished, run your harrow over several times leveling and pulverizing -it finely. When you have all this completed your soil will be prepared -for planting your trees. If you cannot possibly prepare your soil in this -way, you should by all means dig very large holes, say six or eight feet -in diameter and a foot and a half deep, working the manure through the -soil as you dig it up. This may seem to the farmer as requiring too much -labor, but will richly pay him for it in the end. Plant your trees in -this soil firmly, leaving the soil a little lower about the body of the -tree, so as it may hold the water, if filled up about the level of the -soil, the water will run away from the roots and your tree may die for -the want of moisture. Every tree should have a stake driven in the ground -to fasten or stay the tree, so as to prevent the storms from bending and -switching it about. If this is not done your trees will be injured, and -will not thrive. There are a great many farmers complaining that they -cannot raise any fruit. Truly, how can they expect to raise fruit when -they will crowd their trees into small holes, and the soil so hard that -you can scarcely drive a stake into it with a sledge, and above all the -land starved out, the grass and weeds suffered to grow up at such a rate -that you are not able to see the body of the tree. Young trees should -be nursed and cultivated, keeping the soil mellow by repeated stirring -and preventing the growth of any vegetable for several feet from the -tree. A hoed crop is next best to clear mellow ground. A sowed crop, -grass or weeds is ruinous to young trees. After you have your trees well -set, you should by all means wash them down once or twice a year with -soap and water. Say about one quart of soap to two quarts of water--wash -from the large branches to the bottom--this will destroy the insects -that may be put into the body and limbs of the tree. Many drooping trees -have been made healthy by using this wash. If you wish to preserve your -peach trees, it is necessary for you to apply this to them twice a year, -also frequently pouring reasonably hot soap suds to the body and root -of the tree; this will kill and destroy the worm which so frequently -destroys your trees. The lie which is left at the bottom of the kettle -from boiling hot soap is very good and should always be used to wash your -trees. If you wish to preserve your peach trees, you should by all means -search the roots and body of the tree, and where you find any gum caused -by the worm, remove it by means of a knife, carefully cutting away where -any gum is found, and as far as there seems to be a hollow under the -bark, then wash the whole stem well, suffering it to run to the roots: It -is stated by a worthy gentleman, that by planting tansey around the tree, -the worm will not trouble the roots. This is simple enough and worthy of -a trial. It is hoped that these important truths will cause the Farmer -and others to put them in practice, and it most undoubtedly will be the -means of raising improved fruit and will be richly paid for all his -labour. - - -HOW TO CATCH AN OWL. - -Those who are troubled with owls, let them set a steel trap on the top of -a pole near the hen roost, and you will be certain to catch him. - - - - - A SUPPLEMENT - TO THE - FARMER’S OWN BOOK: - - A TREATISE ON THE - Diseases of Horned Cattle, - WITH AN - EXPLANATION OF THEIR SYMPTOMS, - AND THE - COURSE OF TREATMENT TO BE PURSUED. - - PUBLISHED BY - J. D. KOOGLE, - Middletown, Maryland. - 1858. - - - - -PREFACE. - - -The beneficence of an all wise Providence in organizing man, so as to -secure him dominion over animals of inferior physical construction, -impose on him obligations to exercise that eminent advantage in a spirit -of mercy and in mitigation of the pains and disorder of the brute -creation! Impose upon him as a gentleman, as an intelligent Farmer, or as -a man of humanity; should deem it essential to make himself familiar with -the nature and injuries of the suffering brute. To say nothing of the -duty, which common intelligence and humanity enjoins upon every one to -prepare himself with proper information, remedies and common medicines, -which will enable him to extend immediate relief to the speechless, -suffering animals. No man should hesitate, to provide himself with a -book which will teach him plainly in what way to give relief to the poor -speechless brute. - - - - -THE AGE. - - -The age of neat cattle is very difficult to get at, until they reach -the age of three years; after this, we get at the age by the horns. The -surface of the horn continues very smooth, until the expiration of the -second year of the animals life, when a wrinkle or circle of thicker -horn begins to be formed around the base. This is truly completed in -twelve months and another ring then begins to appear, so that if the -perfect rings or circles are counted, and two added to them, the age -of the beast is supposed to be ascertained. These rings, however, are -not always clear and distinct, and it is very easy to remove one or two -of them with a rasp, at least to the unpracticed eye, when the animal -begins to be remarkably old. In addition to this, a well known fact -should be stated:--That if a heifer takes the bull at about two years -old, the first ring is formed a twelve month before its usual time, and -consequently she would always appear to be reckoning by her horns, a -twelve month older than she really is. After all, the age as denoted by -the horn can only be calculated in the Cow. These rings do not begin to -appear in the Ox or Bull until the animal is five years old, and then -they are frequently too confused to be accurately counted. - -When in health, a softness of the skin, and a glossy appearance of the -hair, not only indicates present health, but a disposition to thrive; -while a hard dry skin clinging to the ribs, and a staring in every -direction, show that there is something wrong in the constitution, and -that it will be labor in vain to attempt to fatten such a beast, for your -own interest, you should put your beast in good condition, and keep it in -condition. - - - - -ON THE DISEASES OF HORNED CATTLE. - - -INFLAMMATION:--Inflammation is the most frequent diseased condition to -which neat Cattle are subject. External inflammation is known by the -part being swollen, tender and hotter, than in its natural state; in -garget or downfall of the udder, which is an inflammation of one or more -quarters of the bag; the affected parts are swollen, tender and hot. If -this state of the bag is neglected, matter or pus will be formed, and -make a troublesome job, this should not be neglected or deferred; if it -is properly treated, the swelling heat and tenderness will generally -disappear. - - -INTERNAL INFLAMMATION. - -Internal Inflammation by other and often more indistinct symptoms. We -can here seldom ascertain the heat or tenderness, or swelling of the -part, and can usually only judge of the complaint, by the effects which -it produces on the system. Every internal inflammation soon affects the -whole system, accompanied with considerable fever, and that fever and -degree of it is easily ascertained by the heat of the breath, and the -mouth, and the base of the horn, by the redness of the eye, hardness -of the pulse and the loss of appetite. When Inflammation seizes any -important organ, as the brain, lungs, bowels, kidneys, udder, &c., -bleeding is to be immediately had recourse to, after bleeding, a purging -drink is to be administered, sometimes it is necessary to insert a seton -in the dew lap. For external inflammation from severe bruises, wounds and -other accidents, fomentations with warm or cold water. Poultices made of -Linseed Oil, when they can be applied. - - -BLEEDING, ITS UTILITY. - -Bleeding is a most useful and powerful remedy, in the cure of -Inflammatory Complaints. It lessens the quantity of blood in the vessels, -and diminishes nervous power. The following are the chief diseases, in -which bleeding is required. - -In all kinds of fever, itching and humors of the skin, enlarged glands, -or kernels between the jaws, bruises, strains, catarrh or colds, &c. - -The jugular or neck vein, is that which is mostly opened; in many -inflammatory complaints too much can hardly be taken, provided the -bleeding be stopped as soon as the patient appears likely to faint or -fall down. A strong healthy Beast will bear the loss of five-six quarts -of blood without the least injury; large Cattle will bear seven or eight -quarts with decided advantage. - - -ON PHYSIC. - -The chief purgative Medicines for neat Cattle are Glauber Salts, Epsom -Salts, Barbadoes aloes, Linseed Oil and Sulphur. In some extreme cases -the Croton Nut, freshly prepared may be used with decided advantage. -Aloes are getting into disuse, on account of it nauseating and exciting -the Animal; if it does not operate immediately, half an ounce of aloes -may be added to the salts with decided advantage. In particular diseases -where there is considerable fever, or the attack of fever is apprehended, -there is no purgative so beneficial as the Epsom Salts; in bad cases -twenty four ounces may be given at a dose, and eight ounces of sulphur -every six hours, until the purgative effect is produced. Linseed Oil is a -good purgative, the dose is from a pint to a pint and a half. Common Salt -is a very good purgative in mild cases, a pound dissolved in warm water -is a dose; it should not be given when the animal labors with fever. - - -ON SETONING. - -The utility of setoning is to create excitement and unload the overloaded -vessels in neighboring inflamed parts. The mode of inserting a seton, -it is commonly made of horse hair platted together, cord or tape alone -or leather, it should be tolerable thick and ten or twelve inches in -length. Before inserting the seton it should be dipped or saturated with -Turpentine, tincture of Cantharides, or Helebore. The seton now prepared; -an assistant is to hold the animal, while the seton needle with the cord -affixed to it is plunged into the upper edge of the brisket or dew lap, -and brought out again towards its lower edge. The space between the two -openings should be from four to eight inches; the seton is to be secured -by fastening a small piece of wood, or tying a large knot at either end -of the cord; matter will begin to run the second day, and after that the -cord should be drawn backwards and forwards two or three times a day, in -order to irritate the parts, by this means increase the discharge. Where -a considerable effect is intended to be produced, the black helebore is -the best, this will very quickly cause considerable swelling, as well as -a discharge. - - -COLDS AND COUGHS. - -Colds or Coughs are frequently much neglected, and very much injures the -animal, let this hint suffice, as soon as you perceive the animal to have -the cough, give a purging drink. Take epsom salts 1 lb., powdered caraway -seeds ½ oz., dissolve in a quart of warm gruel. After that use the cough -and fever drink until relieved twice a day. - -Cough and fever medicine.--Take emetic tartar 1 oz., powdered digitalis ½ -drachm, saltpetre 3 drachms, mix and give in a quart of gruel; house the -beast and keep it comfortable, especially at night, do not expose to cold -and wet weather. - -If the above should not give relief: Take emetic tartar half drachm, -nitre two drachms, powdered gentian root one drachm, powdered chamomile -flowers one drachm and powder ginger half drachm. Pour upon them a pint -of boiling ale, and give the infusion, when nearly cold; give until -relieved. Should not this entirely relieve--take liquorice root 2 oz; -bruise and boil in a quart of water, until the fluid is reduced to a -pint, then add two drachms powdered squills, honey 2 ounces; add to the -above and give as directed in the above. - - -INFLAMMATION OF THE LUNGS. - -Inflammation of the Lungs is caused by perspiration, sudden and great -changes of the weather, especially when accompanied with wet and damp air -at night, and particularly when driving a long journey. - -Symptoms are dullness, shivering cough, particularly soar, the ear, roots -of the horns and legs are generally cold; the breath and mouth is hot, -the mouth generally open, and there is a ropy discharge from it; the -beast will often lie down and can scarcely be induced to move, the flanks -heave, the head is protruded, showing great difficulty in breathing. - -REMEDY:--Copious bleeding is the first and great important remedy; bleed -until the beast trembles, if you do not, you will lose your beast; -next, place in your seton in the dewlap, fire the sides and blister, -then follow with the Fever medicine. Emetic tartar 1 drachm, digitalis ½ -drachm, nitre ⅓ drachms; continue until relieved twice a day. - - -DERANGEMENT OF THE LUNGS. - -When the milch Cow is attacked, there is a diminution of the milk, and -it has a ropy appearance and a saltish taste after being separated from -the cream. The animal has a heavy appearance; the eyes being dull, with -a stiffened staggering gait; the appetite is impaired, the nostrils and -skin is of a yellow color, the bowels are generally costive, by pressing -on the edge of the short ribs on the right side, the animal will shrink, -indicating pain and tenderness. Remedy:--If any fever bleed, then follow -with one or two drachms of calomel, 1 scruple of Opium, 2 drachms of -ginger, give in gruel a few hours afterwards. Give 12 ounces epsom salt -and half pint Linseed oil; the calomel and opium may be repeated twice a -day, and the purgative also, until the bowels are sufficiently operated -upon; the sides may also be blistered, and seton may also be inserted. If -the animal should be left weak, use the following tonic drink:--Gentian -root powder ½ oz., ginger 1 drachm, epsom salts 2 oz., mix the whole with -a pint of warm water gruel, and give it morning and night. - - -INFLAMMATION OF THE BRAIN. - -CAUSES:--It proceeds most commonly from redundancy of blood, or -overflowing of the blood, by means of hastening the fattening too -rapidly, or by turning in a rich pasture. - -SYMPTOMS:--In the early period of it, the beast is dull and stupid, -he stands with his head protruding, or pressed against something for -support, he refuses to eat, is unconscious of the surrounding objects, -now and then suddenly drops as if he were shot, he starts up all at once, -is fearless of any surrounding object, his eyes will become red starting -from their sockets, will stagger about, falling and rising again and run -against everything in his way, he will stamp, tear up the ground with its -horns, run at every one within its reach, bellowing until nature is quite -exhausted; trembling will then come over him, he will grind his teeth and -saliva will pour from his mouth, every limb will be convulsed and he will -presently fall and die. - -REMEDY:--The chief or only cure is bleeding, let the blood flow rapidly -until he falls from the loss of blood. Setons should be placed on each -side of the poll, and blistered on the forehead, then follow with heavy -doses of physic, when relieved feed cautiously for a few weeks. - - -STAGGERS OR SWIMMING in THE HEAD. - -CAUSE:--Starvation during the winter season, and being admitted into too -fertile a pasture in the Spring, producing a redundancy of blood, which -gives rise to the disease. - -SYMPTOMS:--Are heaviness, dullness, disposition to sleep, resting his -head upon any convenient place, reels and staggers when he attempts to -walk. - -If this disease is not checked by bleeding, or purging, or proper -management, it may terminate in inflammation of the brain or fever. - -REMEDY:--This must be remedied by bleeding, purging and giving the fever -medicine--after purging, give emetic tartar one drachm, digitalis ½ -drachm, nitre ¼ drachms twice a day until relieved, feed cautiously. - - -INFLAMMATION OF THE BOWELS WITH COSTIVENESS. - -Inflammation of the bowels is by no means an uncommon disease among neat -cattle, very often proves fatal. It is easily recognized by the peculiar -symptoms. - -CAUSE:--This disease mostly arises from exposure to cold, and especially -when cattle go into rivers or ponds, after being heated and fatigued, -chilling the blood. It is sometimes produced by too much dry or -stimulating food. - -SYMPTOMS:--The animal is continually lying down, getting up again, -strikes at his belly with his hind feet. The bowels obstinately -constipated; dungs in small quantities, hard, covered with mucus at -times, streaked with blood--the urine is generally voided with difficulty -and heaving at the flanks, accompanied with fever, becomes fearfully weak -and staggers as he walks, he leaves his company, hides himself under -hedges, &c. Becomes deaf, he trembles all over, his skin is hot, back -and loins tender, ears and horns hot, indicating the highest degree of -general fever. - -REMEDY:--The first thing to be done and that which admits of no delay, is -to bleed profusely. Next, purge freely; continue the purging medicines -until the bowels are freely opened, then lessen the doses so as to keep -the bowels open. In severe cases you must give injections until the -medicines operate freely. This is a very dangerous disease and the course -pursued must be decisive, or the beast is lost! The only hope you have -after bleeding, is in physicing; you should by all means clyster largely -and in great quantities, the epsom salts and castor oil will do no harm; -thin gruel is very good! Let these hints suffice. - - -DIARRHEA OR PURGING. - -DIARRHEA OR PURGING:--In the first place indicates some disordered state -of the bowels, or the presence of some offending matter in them, and he -will endeavor to remedy this; not by attempting to arrest the discharge -too speedily! First, give a mild physic, then follow with the astringent. - -REMEDY:--Take a strong decoction, white oak bark 3 ounces, laudanum 1½ -oz., golden tincture 1 oz. Give it in thin gruel until relieved. - -Dysentery, Slimy Flux, or scouring rot is treated the same way. The -symptoms of this are considerable tenderness on the spine a little beyond -the shoulders, the dewlap hangs down, and has a flabby appearance; the -dung runs off with a putrid and offensive smell, and as it falls upon the -ground, rises up in bubbles, the hair appears pen feathered or starring; -the eyes are generally inflamed, with heaving of the flanks, painful -twitching of the belly, severe straining, griping, &c. This disease -treated the same as Diarrhea. - - -RED WATER. - -RED WATER:--This disease consists of a discharge of high colored urine, -occasionally tinged with a bloody appearance, it is an affection of the -kidneys; in some cases the discharge changes to a dark red, or blackish -color. When the kidneys are effected, the beast evinces tenderness on -pressing the loins. - -REMEDY:--Take oil of juniper ½ oz., laudanum 1 oz., oil turpentine 1 oz., -mix and give in a pint linseed tea, once or twice a day until relieved. -The oil of juniper may be increased or diminished as the case may require -it. - - -GARGET, DOWNFALL IN THE UDDER, OR INFLAMED BAG. - -This is a disease of the utmost consequence to the owners of Cattle; -young Cows in high condition are most liable to it, especially at the -time of calving. This disease makes its appearance in one or more -quarters of the bag, which becomes swollen, hard, hotter than usual -and painful when pressed. The milk is lessened and mingled with blood, -pus and corruption, at times the flow of milk is totally stopped and -sometimes the inflammation extends to the hip joint, hock and foot lock. - -REMEDY:--It will be necessary as soon as the downfall is discovered, -and especially in an aggravated case, to bring the animal out of the -pasture and if deemed necessary, take from three to five quarts of -blood according to the size or strength, next give her a purging drink -and bathe the udder well with elder ointment, or use mercurial garget -ointment, which is made by taking soft Soap 1 lb., Mercurial Ointment -2 ounces, camphor rubbed down with a little spirits of wine 1 ounce, -rub them well together. Should there be any fever, give a few doses of -fever medicine; this is a disease of great importance, as many Cows are -ruined or lost purely from neglect. The milk must be taken from the Cow -perfectly clean, and this should be done several times during the day; -and the Cow must be fed scantily and with no stimulating food. - -The teats sometimes get very sore, this is easily remedied by using the -ointment for sore teats. Take elder ointment 6 ounces, Bees wax 2 ounces, -Sugar of lead 1 ounce, Alum 1 ounce in fine powder, mix them well -together, whilst cooling bathe the teats freely. - - -TREATMENT OF THE COW, BEFORE AND DURING CALVING. - -It is an old and true saying, and the truth of it is nowhere more evident -than in treatment of the Milch Cow; that the prevention of an evil is -better than the cure. The Cow should be dried six or eight weeks before -calving, for two reasons: First, the strength and constitution of the Cow -require a little respite. Second, the mixture of the old milk and the new -secretions, that nature prepares for the expected calf. During the early -period of gestation, the animal may and should be tolerably well fed, for -she has to provide milk for the Dairy, and nourishment for the fœtus. -But when she is dried, her food should be considerably diminished:--She -should not be too fat, or full of blood at the time of calving, for that -is the frequent cause of difficult labor, garget fever and death. - -There are few things in which the Farmer errs, more than in this. There -is also an error in starving her before she calves, but, is much more -danger in bringing her into too high condition. Some Cows are apt to -slink their calves before their time; this generally happens about the -middle of their pregnancy. She becomes feverish of her food, wandering -in search of something which she seems to be longing for. She should be -immediately removed from the other cows, bled and physiced; the best -thing to be done is to fatten her for the butcher, for she will be very -certain to do the same again. When the ninth month is nearly expired, she -should be looked after; if in high condition, she should be physiced, and -if necessary, bled, and if she is about to calve, she should be separated -from the other cows, or brought into the cow-house, and suffered to -remain quiet, and undisturbed. But should she not be successful in -calving within a reasonable time, she should have assistance. - -SYMPTOMS:--Are uneasiness, slight lifting of the tail, lying down and -getting up. The still earlier symptoms are enlargement of the udder, and -redness of the space between the shape and the udder. - -TREATMENT:--When the labor has actually commenced, the membranes will -more and more protrude until they break, and the fluid by which the calf -was surrounded will escape. If her pains are strong, she should not be -meddled with for a few hours. And if no portion of the Calf presents -itself, the hand well greased should be introduced, in order to ascertain -the situation, and position of the calf. The natural position is with the -fore feet presenting, and the muzzel lying upon the fore leg. If this -is found to be the case and it has advanced into the passage, sometime -longer should be allowed to see what nature will do. However, as soon as -you perceive the throes to begin to weaken, if no progress has been made, -manual assistance must be rendered. - -Here there are two objects to be accomplished; the saving of the lives of -both the mother and the young one; all should be done gently. - - -THE MODE OF ASSISTANCE. - -The hand should be well greased, then introduced, and the fore-legs of -the calf laid hold of and drawn down, drawing gently at the moment of -the mother’s throes. Care should be taken that the head is accompanying -them. The hand will sometimes be sufficient for this purpose. If the head -cannot be moved by the hand, a cord must be procured with a slip knot at -the end, which is to be moved carefully into the passage, and the mouth -of the young animal being opened, fastened round his lower jaw, the end -of this must be given to an assistant, who should pull gently but firmly -at the moment of the throes, while the operator draws out the feet. - -Should not this succeed, take two other cords or rope, and fasten one -around each leg--two assistants should pull at the feet and another at -the head; while one ascertains the progress that is made--too much force -should not be used, as the calf may yet be saved. Remember the natural -position of the calf, is the presenting of the muzzel lying upon the -fore-legs. The most usual false position, is the presentation of the -head, while the feet of the calf are doubled down under his belly. A cord -must be passed as before, around the lower jaw, which is then to be -pushed back into the womb. The operator now introduces his hand and feels -the situation of the feet, then fix a cord around each pastern, or about -the knee, and bring them into the passage. The head is next to be brought -forward again by means of the cord; the cords being now pulled steadily -together, it will generally be extracted. Should the calf be dead, and -much swollen, the head may then be opened by means of a knife, so as to -lessen the bulk. When the feet present and the head is doubled under the -rim of the passage, the cords should be placed round the feet, the hand -passed into the womb, and the cord looped round the lower jaw. The calf -pushed farther back into the womb, the head brought into the passage and -the three ropes pulled together. The delivery effected as quickly as may -be without the exertion of more force than is necessary. - -The last false presentation is the breach--the tail appearing at the -mouth of the shape. The hand is to be passed into the uterus, fasten the -cords around each hock. The calf is then pushed as far back as possible -into the womb, and the hocks are after brought into the passage, the -head placed in the proper position, and the ropes changed if necessary, -and all three cords drawn gently, until the calf is extracted; -considerable force is sometimes needed, but should all be done gently, -with an increase of drawing, until the job is completed. By studying -these cases, the operator will be able to accomplish his object. In all -cases of false presentations, although great force must sometimes be used. - -The uterus, or calf bed is sometimes protruded and inverted. The case -is not desperate. The part must be cleansed from blood and dirt, and -supported by a sheet, then the operator beginning at the very bottom of -the womb, returning gradually, and with great care, and patience. The -animal should be bled before this is attempted, and the application of -cold water should be used for some time; this will contract the womb, and -render its return more easy. A stick or couple should be passed through -the lips of the shape; in order to prevent its return, and give the -following medicines a few times: Take laudanum 1 oz., sweet spirits of -nitre 2 oz., give in a pint of warm gruel. The protrusion or inversion -of the gut, should be returned the same as in the womb, and a few sticks -placed through the shape. - -The Cow should in all cases be suffered to lick or clean the calf, as -nature has designed it. The cow and calf will be much happier if suffered -to remain together for several hours, having free access to each other. -The mother should not be exposed to severe weather, immediately after -calving. Should have a few warm mashes. - - -THE MILK FEVER. - -This is a disease which is prevalent amongst Cows in high condition. - -SYMPTOMS:--Staggering gait, breathing irregular, eyes full and glassy, -the animal reels, is unconscious, the head turned on one side, the -feeling partially lost, the legs sometimes become paralyzed. - -REMEDY:--Take epsom salts 12 ounces, flour sulphur 4 ounces, ginger ¼ -oz., spirits of nitrous ether 1 oz., dissolve in warm water--give one -half of this twice a day, until the bowels are opened, continue until -relieved. - - -DISEASES OF THE EYE. - -Diseases of the eye are generally inflammations, and caused by a bruise -or blow inflicted carelessly. - -REMEDY:--First bathe the eye well with cold water several times, say some -ten or fifteen minutes at a time. Then use the following lotion. Take 40 -grains sulphate of zinc, dissolve in ½ pint soft warm water, and bathe -the eyes until completely relieved. - - -THE HOOVE OR BLOWEN FROM PASTURE. - -CAUSES:--The cause of Cattle becoming bloated, is from being turned into -the pasture in the spring of the year, whilst the pasture is young and -full of sap, the ox or cow eats greedily and rapidly, so much so that -the stomach is unable to propel forward, the portions of food as it is -received, and becomes overloaded and clogged, the food remaining in the -stomach too long. Then comes the great danger; what you can do must be -done at once, or not at all. The symptoms are plain enough, the beast -swells to an enormous extent, the breathing is very laborious, and the -beast is threatened with suffocation from the pressure of the stomach on -the lungs. The animal is lost unless relief is soon obtained. - -REMEDY:--Relief is sometimes obtained from motion and running the beast -moderately; sometimes from placing tar, or a tar band into the mouth; -sometimes from taking salt and black pepper and throwing it down the -throat; some persons have run a lancet, or pocket knife, into the animal, -at the spot passing through the skin, and the wall of the belly, so as to -enter the paunch; this should be done midway between the last rib and the -haunch bone. Another excellent remedy is ½ oz. Chloride of Lime, put into -a pint or quart of warm water, and put into the stomach, these generally -give immediate relief. There are other remedies, which generally give -relief; such as Lime water--also 1½ ounces of Hartshorn may be given, -with 1½ pints of water, or 1 ounce Sulphuric Ether in 1 pint of water. -The following is plain and simple, and gives relief in almost every case. -This has been used extensively, and always given satisfaction. - -RECEIPT:--Take two tablespoonsful Rappee Snuff, 1 gill Vinegar, 1 gill -Sweet Milk. Mix well and give as a drench. This has been thoroughly tried -and relieved nineteen cases out of twenty; it is simple and worthy of -attention. No time should be lost in this disease; what you can do must -be done at once, or not at all. - -PREVENTATIVES:--Every Farmer should adopt the rule, to feed his cattle -the following: - -Every morning, take 1 pint air slacked lime, 1 pint ground alum salt--mix -well and feed with offal. Every particle of the lime should be slacked. -Adopt this rule and you will have little or no trouble with your cattle. -Dose from 1 to 2 tablespoonsful every morning, in offal before turning -into pasture. Another preventative:--Take ashes, air slacked lime, and -ground alum salt, equal portions, and feed every morning, or if you have -not the lime, the salt and ashes will do well. - - -CHOKING. - -Cattle are extremely liable to become choked on turnips, roots, apples, -potatoes. - -REMEDY:--Give ½ pint of oil, which will lubricate the passage, then run -gag, or tube, or rod, with a knob at the end, down the throat; this -should be done carefully, so as not to injure the parts. Should you not -give relief by this means, find the position, or place where the apple, -or turnip has lodged. This may be done by pressing carefully along down -the throat; place a block on the one side of the object, then strike a -right smart blow with a mallet, or billet of wood, sufficient to crush -the apple or object to pieces, which will instantly be blown out, and the -animal relieved. - - -POISONS. - -Little can be done in this, unless you have a pump, so as to extract the -poison from the stomach, then follow with physics. - - -EMBROCATION FOR BITE OF VIPER. - -Take hartshorn, spirits camphor, olive oil, equal quantities--mix and rub -the wound, and neighboring parts well, morning and night. - -One pint whiskey, 1 ounce hartshorn, 1 oz. spirits camphor, ½ pint warm -water should be given to the animal. - - -WOUNDS. - -The first thing is to clean the wound from all dirt and gravel. A good -fomentation with warm water will effect this. If the wound is much -lacerated, or punctured, we must bring them neatly together. If any -portions so torn as to prevent its from doing this completely, they -should be removed with a knife, or sharp scissors; then the edges brought -together by means of passing a needle and strong waxed twine deeply -through them, making two, three or more stitches, half inch from each -other. Then apply the tincture of myrrh and aloes, and bandage tolerably -firm, not so much so as to prevent the circulation. If there should be -proud flesh, the wound must be cleansed with a strong solution of blue -vitriol, and then dressed with the tincture. All wounds should be first -well cleansed, before applying anything on them. - - -ANGLE BERRIES OR WARTS. - -These are little warty tumors, growing on various parts of the skin, and -sometimes on the teats. - -REMEDY:--The easiest and shortest way to remove them, is to tie a piece -of waxed silk firmly around the base of each, and to tighten them every -day; by means of this, the tumor will drop off, and will rarely grow -again. To make it certain, the parts should be touched with a hot iron -or lunar caustic; the warts should be well scarred, and they will never -appear again. - - -THE FOUL IN THE FOOT. - -The first thing is to examine the wound carefully, and see how far it -extends under the hoof or horn. The first step is to clean all the -foul or proud flesh, by means of a knife, then apply lunar caustic, or -muriatic acid, until the wound becomes healthy and dry. In extreme cases -where there is swelling, apply a poultice night and morning, then apply -the caustic, and keep dry and from all danger of getting dirt and gravel -in. When the wound begins to look healthy, apply the tincture of Aloes -and Myrrh, until perfectly relieved, and give a gentle purgative. - - -TO DRY A COW OF HER MILK. - -The best time to dry cows is whilst feeding dry feed. A good dose of -physic and after it has operated, follow with an astringent drink, will -generally settle the business. Six drachms of alum dissolved in 1 pint -water, is a dose. The cow should be milked clean when the astringent is -given; feed on dry food for a few days. Should the udder get very hard in -a few days, milk clean and give another astringent drink, and the third -may be given if necessary. - - -THE MANGE. - -This is a troublesome disease among cattle, at times the itching torments -the beast wonderfully, causing the cow to fall off in her milk, and -generally get thin in flesh, if suffered to remain any length of time. -The most effectual application is an ointment, which, sulphur is the -principal ingredient. - -MANGE OINTMENT:--Take flour of sulphur 1 lb., strong mercurial ointment -2 ounces, common turpentine ½ pint, lard 1½ lb. Melt the turpentine and -lard together well; stir in the sulphur when it begins to cool--when -cool, rub the mercurial ointment on a marble slab, with the other -ingredients, mix these together. This should be well rubbed in with the -hand daily, wherever there is mange. If in the winter, the animal should -not be exposed to severe cold. Give a few doses of physic, with sulphur -added to it. Warbles gad fly or ose fly, is quite an annoyance to the -animal. The fly generally alights on the back, deposits the egg under the -skin, causing a tumour to rise the size of an hazel nut, some larger--it -soon bursts, leaving a hole on the top, for the grub or worm, which now -lives and feeds on the fatty matter. - -REMEDY:--Squeeze out the worm or grub, by pressing firmly, if this cannot -be accomplished, open it with a lancet or knife, and put in a few drops -spirits turpentine, a few times which will destroy the grub. - - -RABIES OR HYDROPHOBIA. - -This is a dreadful Disease, produced by the bite of a rabid or mad dog. -The symptoms of its approach are dullness, loss of appetite, the eyes -protruding and red; is continually voiding urine or dunging, saliva -drivels from his mouth: presently weakness of the loins, and staggering -appear; sometimes they linger six or seven days, and die. There is no -cure. - -REMEDY:--Destroy the animal as soon as possible. Care should be taken -that the saliva is not received on a wound; any wound which it has fallen -on, should be immediately well burned with lunar caustic. Should you -see the rabid dog bite your animal, and find the spot, immediately burn -the wound well with the lunar caustic, there is a possibility of their -escape. The hair should be clipped off, and every scratch carefully -touched with the caustic. - - -FOR YOUNG CALVES. - -Should the mother’s milk not be sufficient to operate upon the bowels, -or not at all, give 1 or 2 ounces Epsom salts, according to the -size: dissolve in ½ pint gruel, add a little ginger, and a few drops -peppermint, or as you may give Castor oil; if it should be an obstinate -case, give an injection or two of salts dissolved in water, and a little -castor oil, this will set all right. - - -COW POWDERS. - -This is an excellent powder for general derangements of the System. Such -as falling off of the milk, dullness, stupidness, staring of the hair, -&c. - -This powder is truly astonishing in its effects on cattle, giving new -life and vigor to the animal. No owner of cattle should do without this -powder, and should adopt the rule to feed all his cattle, some of the -powder, once or twice a year, and especially before commencing to fatten -them. This powder is equally as good for Sheep. Take - - ½ pound gentian root, - ½ “ flour of brimstone, - ½ “ fenugreek, - ½ “ rosin, - ½ “ copperas, - ¼ “ cream of tartar, - ½ “ epsom salts, - ½ “ juniper berries, - ½ “ spice berries, - ¼ “ salts nitre, - ½ “ ginger, - ¼ “ caraway seed, - ¼ “ aniseed, - 2 oz. antimony, - 2 oz. columbo, - 1 oz. gum asafœtida, - 2 oz. alum, - -Pulverize these articles fine and mix well, and it is ready for use. Any -of the above articles can be had at any Drug Store. - -DIRECTIONS FOR USE:--Dose for a full grown animal, one tablespoonful once -or twice a day, as the case may require. - -This powder cannot be excelled, it is an excellent medicine for all -derangements of the system, it is perfectly harmless, and should be -fed sometime in all chronic and lingering diseases, or at least until -entirely relieved, and the system put in perfect health. No animal can -thrive unless in health. Therefore every farmer should adopt the rule -to feed all his stock, and especially those which he wishes to fatten -with some of these powders; by so doing you will save feed and time. In -fattening, feed on offal. - -DIRECTIONS:--For a full grown sheep, dose, 1 teaspoonful once or twice a -day, as the necessity of the case may require. Feed on offal. - - - - -INDEX TO DISEASES OF HORSES. - - - Bots or Grubs, PAGE. 25-26 - - Brood Mares, 57 - - - Chest Founder, 39 - - Chronic Cough, 45 - - - Ears, 30 - - Enlargement of the Hock, 48 - - Epidemics, 44 - - Eyes, 29 - - - Flatulent Colic, 9 10 11 - - Founder Acute, 52 53 54 - - - Grease, 50 51 - - - Inflammation, 40 41 42 - - ---- Bladder, 15 16 - - ---- Bowels, 22 23 24 - - ---- Feet, 52 53 54 - - ---- Kidneys, 17 - - ---- Larynx, 43 44 - - ---- Lungs, 18 19 20 21 - - Injury of the Eyes, 34 - - - Lampass, 35 - - - Membranes of the Nose, 27 28 - - - Physicing, 47 - - Poll Evil, 5 6 7 8 - - Process of Teething, 36 37 38 - - - Rabies or Madness, 33 - - Restiveness or taming Horses, 55 56 - - - Spasmodic Colic, 12 13 14 - - Sprain of Back Sinews, 48 - - ---- of Coffin Joint, 49 - - Staggers, 31 32 - - - Thick or Broken Wind, 46 - - - Warts, 58 - - - - -INDEX TO RECEIPTS BELONGING TO THE HORSE. - - - A Good Horse Powder, 68 - - Arabian Oil for Horses, 61 - - - Blistering, 69 - - ---- Ointment, 71 - - - Celebrated Horse Powders, 60 61 - - Cooling lotion for inflammation, 74 - - Cure for Ring Bone, 71 - - ---- Blood or Bog Spavin, 68 - - ---- Black Tongue, 63 - - ---- Bots, 62 90 - - ---- Distemper, 66 - - ---- Galds on Horses, 61 - - ---- Sweaney, 74 75 76 - - ---- Urine Bound, 65 - - - Embrocation for the Throat, 67 - - - For the Blacksmith, 89 - - - Hoof Ointment, 66 - - How to throw a Horse, 77 78 79 80 - - ---- to break a kicking Horse, 85 86 87 88 - - ---- to make a Horse follow you, 91 - - ---- to learn him to stand still, 92 - - - Infallible Lotion for Bruises, &c., 63 - - - Liniment for Sprains, 73 - - Lotion for Scratches or Grease, 64 - - - Quiet or Tame Horses, 64 - - - Rules for a Horse that Shies, 81 82 83 84 - - - Spirits of Pimento, 72 - - - Tincture, Aloes and Myrrh, 70 - - ---- Iodine, 73 - - ---- Opium, 70 - - To make Elder Ointment, 67 - - Treatment of Founder, 65 - - - - -INDEX TO MEDICINES BELONGING TO THE HORSE. - - - Alcohol, 94 - - Aloes, 95 - - Alum, 96 - - Antimony, 93 - - Aqua-Fortis, 94 - - - Balls or Pills, 98 - - - Cantharides, 97 - - Charcoal, 97 - - Chloride of Lime, 107 - - Clysters, 99 - - Common Salt, 106 - - - Digitalis, 100 - - Drinks and Drenches, 104 - - - Fomentations, 102 - - - Gentian, 102 - - Ginger, 101 - - ---- Root, 107 - - - Liniments, 105 - - Linseed, 99 - - - Mashes, 101 - - Muriatic Acid, 96 - - Mustard, 96 - - - Opium, 103 - - - Pitch, 100 - - Poultices, 103 - - - Spasmodics, 93 - - Spirits of Camphor, 93 - - Sulphur, 105 - - Sulphuric Acid, 95 - - - Tar, 104 - - Turpentine, 106 - - Thompson’s No. 6, 108 - - - Vinegar, 94 - - - Zinc or Calamine Powder, 108 - - - - -INDEX TO DOMESTIC MEDICINES. - - - American Helebore, 112 - - ---- Columbo, 118 - - ---- Gentuary, 121 - - - Black Alder, 119 - - Blood or Percoon Root, 122 - - Boneset or Thoroughwort, 123 - - Bitter Root or Silkweed, 124 - - Boiled Cider, 166 - - Black Ink, 171 172 - - Black or Dewberry Wine, 169 - - Black or Dewberry Cordial, 168 - - - Compost to prevent Crows from Corn, 204 - - Clay Poultice for Man or Horse, 200 - - Cure for bite of Mad Dog, 200 - - ---- for Bite of Snake, 200 - - ---- for Bronchitis, 196 - - ---- for Cancer, 164 - - ---- for Felon, 195 - - Cox’s Hive Syrup, 187 - - Cologne Water, 178 - - Cherry Brandy, 167 - - Consumer, 129 - - Compound Tincture of Gentian, 116 - - Cement for Grafting, 115 - - Cement to Mend Glass, 111 - - - Dandeline, 121 - - Dr. Wickey’s Cholera Medicine, 148 149 150 151 - - Domestic Tonic, 201 - - Domestic Yeast, 204 - - Dr. Young’s Pills, 186 - - Domestic Cough Syrup, 189 - - - Essence of Cinnamon, 194 - - Eye Water, 194 - - Essence of Peppermint, 193 - - Essence of Lemon, 193 - - Extempore Gaseous Chalybeate Water, 125 - - Emetic for Poison, 113 - - - French Patent Oil Varnish, 187 - - Furniture Polish, 192 - - - Gas Beer, 169 - - Great Salve for Wounds, &c., 190 - - Grease for Carriages, &c., 197 - - Guaiacum, Amoniated Tincture, 115 - - Gentian, 126 - - Green Ointment, 201 - - - Health, Its Value &c., 138 to 142 - - How to Prolong Life, 143 to 146 - - How to Keep Apples, 203 - - How to destroy Lice on Chickens, 205 - - - Indian Turnip, 113 - - Indellible Ink, 171 - - - Judkins’ Ointment, 162 - - - Keep Cider sweet, 165 - - - Liquid Opodeldoc, 147 - - Lunar Caustic, 111 - - - Make Honey without Bees, 161 - - Make Soft Soap, 191 - - - Ointment for Scrofulus Ulcers, 201 - - ----, Milch Scald, 116 - - - Piles, 164 - - Prof. Biddle’s Celebrated Preparation, 174 175 - - Preserve Butter, 180 - - Pickel Cucumbers, 181 - - Preserve Peaches, 182 - - Preserve Plumbs, 182 - - Pleurisy Root, 125 - - Pickling Pears, 130 - - Preservation of the Health, 131 to 137 - - Patent Black Japan, 191 - - Plague Blister, 198 - - - Remedies for Rheumatism, 152 to 160 - - Receipt for Humors on Children, 199 - - Receipt for Hogs, 197 - - Rattleweed Root, 127 - - Remedy for Bite of a Snake, 163 - - Red Ink, 171 - - Restore the Hair in Baldness, 176 - - Remedy for Itch, 185 186 - - - Soap to Take Grease out of Cloth, &c., 183 184 - - Soft Ginger Bread, 181 - - Silver Top Drink, 170 - - Simple Syrup of Rhubarb, 117 - - ---- Tincture of Rhubarb, 117 - - Seneca Snake Root, 114 - - Soda Powders, 190 - - - Transplanting Trees, 200 - - Tincture of Peach Kernels, 202 - - The Prickley Ash, 120 - - Toothache Balsam, 177 - - ---- Drops, 179 - - Tooth Powder, 177 - - Transparent Soap, 173 - - - White Swelling, 165 - - Washing Fluid, 172 - - Worth Knowing, 205 - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Farmer's Own Book, by J. 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D. Koogle. - </title> - - <link rel="coverpage" href="images/cover.jpg" /> - -<style type="text/css"> - -a { - text-decoration: none; -} - -body { - margin-left: 10%; - margin-right: 10%; -} - -h1,h2,h3,h4,h5 { - text-align: center; - clear: both; -} - -hr { - margin-top: 2em; - margin-bottom: 2em; - clear: both; -} - -hr.tb { - width: 45%; - margin-left: 27.5%; - margin-right: 27.5%; -} - -hr.chap { - width: 65%; - margin-left: 17.5%; - margin-right: 17.5%; -} - -ul { - list-style-type: none; -} - -li { - margin-top: .5em; - padding-left: 2em; - text-indent: -2em; -} - -li.ifrst { - margin-top: 2em; - padding-left: 2em; - text-indent: -2em; -} - -p { - margin-top: 0.5em; - text-align: justify; - margin-bottom: 0.5em; - text-indent: 1em; -} - -.blockquote { - margin-left: 10%; - margin-right: 10%; -} - -.center { - text-align: center; - text-indent: 0em; -} - -.ditto1 { - margin-left: 1em; - margin-right: 1.5em; -} - -.ditto2 { - margin-left: 2em; - margin-right: 2em; -} - -.ditto3 { - margin-left: 3em; - margin-right: 3em; -} - -.figcenter { - margin: auto; - text-align: center; -} - -.larger { - font-size: 150%; -} - -.pagenum { - position: absolute; - right: 4%; - font-size: smaller; - text-align: right; - font-style: normal; -} - -.right { - text-align: right; -} - -.smaller { - font-size: 80%; -} - -.smcap { - font-variant: small-caps; - font-style: normal; -} - -.smcapuc { - font-variant: small-caps; - font-style: normal; - text-transform: lowercase; -} - -.titlepage { - text-align: center; - margin-top: 3em; - text-indent: 0em; -} - -.transnote { - background-color: #E6E6FA; - color: black; - text-align: center; - font-size: smaller; - padding: 0.5em; - margin-bottom: 5em; -} - -@media handheld { - -img { - max-width: 100%; - width: auto; - height: auto; -} - -.blockquote { - margin-left: 5%; - margin-right: 5%; -} -} - </style> - </head> -<body> - - -<pre> - -The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Farmer's Own Book, by J. D. Koogle - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - -Title: The Farmer's Own Book - A treatise on the numerous diseases of the horse - -Author: J. D. Koogle - -Release Date: February 21, 2017 [EBook #54217] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE FARMER'S OWN BOOK *** - - - - -Produced by The Online Distributed Proofreading Team at -http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images -generously made available by The Internet Archive) - - - - - - -</pre> - - -<p class="transnote">Transcriber’s note: Printing errors have been amended but the author’s -idiosyncratic style and spelling have not.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_1" id="Page_1">[1]</a></span></p> - -<h1><span class="smaller">THE</span><br /> -FARMER’S OWN BOOK:</h1> - -<p class="titlepage">A TREATISE ON THE<br /> -<span class="larger">Numerous Diseases of the Horse,</span><br /> -<span class="smaller">WITH AN</span><br /> -<span class="larger">EXPLANATION OF THEIR SYMPTOMS,</span><br /> -<span class="smaller">AND THE</span><br /> -COURSE OF TREATMENT TO BE PURSUED;<br /> -ALSO A TREATISE ON THE DISEASE<br /> -<span class="smaller">OF</span><br /> -<span class="larger">HORNED CATTLE.</span></p> - -<p class="titlepage">PUBLISHED BY<br /> -<span class="larger">J. D. KOOGLE,</span><br /> -Middletown, Maryland.<br /> -1858.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_2" id="Page_2">[2]</a></span></p> - -<p class="titlepage smaller"><span class="smcap">Entered</span> according to the Act of Congress in the year 1857,<br /> -<span class="smcap">By J. D. Koogle</span>,<br /> -In the Clerk’s Office of the District Court of Maryland.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_3" id="Page_3">[3]</a></span></p> - -<h2>PREFACE.</h2> - -<p>The object of this work is to give a thorough explanation of -the numerous diseases to which the horse is subject, and point -out in a clear and distinct manner the symptoms by which the -diseases may be known, so that the Farmer and others having -the care of horses may be enabled to detect any disease in its -first stages,—thereby rendering it an easy case to cure; also, -giving a regular course of medicine to be pursued in the treatment -of the different diseases, by which almost any one, with a little -study, can treat the most difficult cases. The great objection to -other works that have been issued is that they do not point out -the symptoms of the diseases in horses; and their treatment is -so badly arranged that it is very difficult for the Farmer and -persons generally to understand it. The advantages this work -possesses over others, is its plainness in pointing out the difficulties -attending the treatment of diseases in horses and the -manner in which they may be surmounted. And it is hoped -that those interested will give this book their careful attention, -as the author is satisfied that it will save them a vast amount -of time and trouble in times of need.</p> - -<p class="right">THE AUTHOR.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_4" id="Page_4">[4]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> -<img src="images/i004.jpg" width="400" height="215" alt="Horse! Horse!" /> -</div> - -<h2>DISEASES OF HORSES.</h2> - -<p>The diseases of the horse are very numerous, -and many of them so complicated as to defy detection, -except by those who are thoroughly acquainted -with the nature of the animal, and his -mode of living. This is the reason that horses -which have been under the care of the farrier -are often returned to the owner in a worse condition -than when they received them. It is to -prevent this practice as much as possible that -has induced me to bring this work before the -public, in the hope of alleviating the condition -of that noble animal—<em>the Horse</em>.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[5]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 300px;"> -<img src="images/i005.jpg" width="300" height="250" alt="Horse!" /> -</div> - -<h3>THE POLL EVIL.</h3> - -<p>This disease may arise from accident, but is -commonly the result of blows or bruises carelessly -inflicted by those having charge of the -horses. It is a tumor or swelling in the sinews, -found between the noll bone and the uppermost -joint of the neck, immediately on the nap of -the neck.</p> - -<p>Nearly all farriers, tell you to sell your horse -for anything he will bring, or give him away; -but I would advise you to keep your horse and -cure him, which can be done quickly and surely -with the following remedies:</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">[6]</a></span></p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Remedy No. 1.</span></h4> - -<p>First wash the sore well with strong warm soap -suds, then drop 8 or 10 drops of muriatic acid -in it twice a day, until it has the appearance of -a fresh wound, after which it should be washed -clean with soap suds from castile soap and then -left to heal, which it will quickly do if the acid -has been used long enough in a proper manner; -but if it does not get well, wash as before, and -apply the acid until a cure is effected. It is a -sure remedy, and will not fail if applied properly -until the disease is burnt out or killed.</p> - -<p>In case you should drop any of the acid on -the part that is not affected, apply a little oil, -which will neutralize the power of the acid and -prevent it from becoming sore.</p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Remedy No. 2.</span></h4> - -<p>When the disease first makes its appearance, -take a quantity of asmart and put it to soak, -letting it remain all night. In the morning -take as much as you can hold in your hand and -apply it to the swollen part, holding it there -some 20 or 30 minutes, pressing on it as hard as<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[7]</a></span> -you conveniently can, which must be repeated -several times. This remedy generally scatters -the disease, but if it should fail you will be -obliged to use applications of a more astringent -nature.</p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Remedy No. 3.</span></h4> - -<p>After the disease has fully shown itself, wash -as directed in Remedy No. 1; then take Arsenic -and apply it until the foul flesh has all disappeared, -and let it heal. This is a certain remedy, -and has cured several cases within my own -knowledge.</p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Remedy No. 4.</span></h4> - -<p>Take 1 quart of strong ley and boil it into a -salve, then apply a portion of the salve every 2 -hours until the core comes out, and heal with -elder ointment. If this remedy does not effect -a cure on the first application, try it again, as -it is a certain cure. Should the ley after being -boiled down leave a hard substance, it must be -worked into a salve.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[8]</a></span></p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Remedy No. 5.</span></h4> - -<p>First wash the ulcer well with warm soap -suds; then take air-slacked lime and put as -much into the sore as will lay on, which must -be repeated 2 or 3 times a day, and the affected -part cleaned and swabbed out as often. This, -though very simple, is an excellent remedy, -which I have never known to fail.</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<p>The foregoing remedies are very plain and -simple, and cannot fail if properly applied. In -washing the ulcers, use none other than castile -soap, which is far superior to any other for -cleansing and healing wounds and eruptions of -any kind, and can be had from any of the drug -stores at 25 cents per pound. It is also an excellent -article for domestic purposes, such as -shaving, &c. and will be found cheaper than -any other fine or toilet soaps.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[9]</a></span></p> - -<h3>FLATULENT OR WIND COLIC.</h3> - -<p>This is an entirely different disease from the -Spasmodic Colic. It often originates with something -that the horse has eaten and then drinking -large quantities of water, by which the food -becomes fermented and creates a gastric gas, -which enlarges to a greater or less extent, sometimes -to twenty or thirty times the bulk of the -food. It generally takes place in the stomach, -but at times in the small or large intestines.</p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Symptoms.</span></h4> - -<p>The horse suddenly slacks his pace, perhaps -lays or falls down as if he were shot. In the -stable he paws the floor with his fore feet, lays -down and rolls, starts up instantly and throws -himself down again with greater violence, looks -wistfully at his flanks, and makes many fruitless -efforts to void his urine. Here the symptoms -are similar to other colics, but the true -character of the disease soon develops itself.—It<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[10]</a></span> -is in one of the large intestines, and the belly -swells all round, but mostly on the right flanks -and as the disease progresses the pain becomes -more intense, and the horse more violent. The -treatment is quite different from other colics.</p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Remedy No. 1.</span></h4> - -<p>Take 1 ounce of the chlorate of lime and ½ -pint of warm water, put it into a bottle and -shake well, so as to dissolve, then give it as a -drench which will devour the gas, and cause the -swelling to subside. If in fifteen minutes after -this has been given, the pain does not seem to -have been alleviated, take 4 ounces of spirits of -Pimento, and 1 ounce of Laudanum, mix it with -½ pint of warm water and give it also as a -drench. If you have no pimento and it is not -convenient to get it, take 2½ ounces of peppermint, -and 1 ounce of laudanum, and should you -not have laudanum, take a larger quantity of -peppermint with ½ pint of warm water, and -give it as a drench. In this disease no time -should be lost, as it very often runs its course in -from 1 to 2 hours. If the first should not give<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[11]</a></span> -relief in 15 or 20 minutes, repeat it until it does. -Rubbing the belly with a smooth rail or pole -will greatly facilitate the action of the medicine. -Should you not have any of the above remedies -on hand or convenient, use from 1 to 2 ounces -of golden tincture as the case may require.</p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Remedy No. 2.</span></h4> - -<p>In the first place take 2 ounces of the essence -of peppermint, mixed with ½ pint of warm -water and give it to him as a drench, then take -a bat of common raw cotton and set fire to it, -holding it close to the nostrils of the horse, -so that he can freely inhale the smoke arising -therefrom; continue this until you see that -the horse is relieved. The quantity of cotton -used is from 4 to 5 bats, as the necessity of the -case may require.</p> - -<p>This is a simple and safe remedy, and numbers -who have tried it say that they have never -known it to fail. I saw a horse that had suffered -from the colic for nearly three hours, being -puffed up almost to bursting, and in half an -hour after this operation had been performed on -him, he was completely cured.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[12]</a></span></p> - -<h3>SPASMODIC COLIC.</h3> - -<p>This is a disease to which horses generally are -subject, and in consequence of improper treatment, -it often proves fatal. It is produced by -improper riding, feeding, watering, and may -arise from a want of proper action in the bowels, -which occasions constriction of the intestines -and a confinement of the air.</p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Symptoms.</span></h4> - -<p>The horse begins to shift his position, looks -around at his flanks, paws violently, strikes his -belly with his feet, and crouches in a peculiar -manner, advancing his hind legs under him, he -then suddenly lies or rather falls down, and -balances himself on his back with his feet resting -on his belly. The pain seems to have ceased -for a while, and he gets up and shakes himself; -he begins to feed, but in a short time the pain -returns, and is more violent than before; he -heaves at the flanks, breaks out in a profused<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[13]</a></span> -perspiration, and throws himself more recklessly. -The pulse is little affected in the commencement, -but as the disease progresses, it -becomes full. Legs and ears of a natural temperature. -The affection of the strength scarcely -perceivable.</p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Remedy.</span></h4> - -<p>Relief may be obtained from motion in this -disease. Take</p> - -<ul> -<li>1 ounce of turpentine,</li> -<li>1 ounce of laudanum,</li> -<li>½ pint of gin or good whiskey,</li> -<li>½ pint of warm water.</li> -</ul> - -<p>Mix and give it as a drench. Bleed, and if not -relieved in half an hour, repeat the dose, rubbing -the belly with a stout brush or a smooth -rail. If not relieved in 15 or 20 minutes, repeat -the dose and continue it until relief is obtained. -If the horse be walked about or trotted moderately, -it will relieve the spasms. A glyster -with warm soap suds should be injected, which -may be done by burning the peth out of elder, -and filling a bladder with the suds, then tie the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[14]</a></span> -bladder on the elder tight and force it into the -fundament, occasionally throwing the warm -suds in until it operates; if a reasonable portion -of it remains, it will do no harm if it does not -operate, but will help to relieve the spasms. -This should be done immediately, as in most -cases no time is to be lost. A glyster of tobacco -smoke may be thrown in as a last resort. Keep -the horse in a warm stable and give bran mash -and plenty of warm or thin gruel for two or -three days.</p> - -<p>The turpentine, laudanum, gin and warm -water were never known to fail if given at the -proper time. Should you not have these medicines -at hand, give 2½ or 3 ounces of peppermint -every 15 or 20 minutes until the horse is -relieved; or if you have no peppermint, give -same quantity of golden tincture.</p> - -<p>The gruel for feeding is made by putting any -quantity of bran into a bucket or tub, then pour -boiling water over it, so as to scald it thoroughly, -and cover it with a cloth until it is cool -enough for him to eat.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[15]</a></span></p> - -<h3>INFLAMMATION OF THE BLADDER.</h3> - -<p>In this disease and inflammation of the kidneys, -the symptoms are nearly similar; therefore, -in order to ascertain whether the disease is -inflammation of the bladder or inflammation of -the kidneys, it is necessary to introduce the -hand into the rectum, where you will find the -bladder immediately under the hand, if it feels -hard and full, accompanied by more than natural -heat and tenderness, it is a sure case of inflammation -of the bladder, but if the bladder -is empty and no increased heat is apparent, then -it must be a case of inflammation of the kidneys.</p> - -<p>In treating these two diseases—though the -symptoms are so much alike—be very careful to -observe that the course of treatment recommended -in each is entirely different, and should -you give the medicine prescribed for inflammation -of the bladder for that of the kidneys, it -will greatly endanger the life of the horse.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[16]</a></span></p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Symptoms.</span></h4> - -<p>The early symptoms in this disease are generally -those of fever, but the seat of the disease -soon becomes apparent. The horse occasionally -looks round at his flanks, stands with his hind -legs wide apart, is unwilling to lie down, straddles -as he walks, evinces great pain in turning, -shrinks when his loins are pressed; the loins feel -hot, the urine is voided in small quantities, -which is often highly colored and sometimes -bloody; he tries to urinate very often and strains -painfully, but the discharge is nearly or quite -suppressed; the pulse is quick, hard and full at -first, but rapidly becomes small, indicating a disease -of the urinary organs, yet not distinguishing -inflammation of the bladder from inflammation -of the kidneys.</p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Treatment—Remedy.</span></h4> - -<p>When you feel satisfied that it is a case of -inflammation of the bladder, blister the loins -with the blister ointment and give 1 ounce of -turpentine with 1 ounce of laudanum.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[17]</a></span></p> - -<h3>INFLAMMATION OF THE KIDNEYS.</h3> - -<p>The symptoms of this disease are similar to -those of inflammation of the bladder, but are -to be treated in quite a different manner. Inflammation -of the kidneys is brought on by -over-riding, heavy loads, improper feeding, and -sometimes by being poled on the haunches, or -across the kidneys and loins.</p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Treatment—Remedy.</span></h4> - -<p>Place a mustard plaster made with vinegar -across the loins and bleed. After this give an -active purge, and when it begins to abate give -of white helebore from ½ to ¾ of a drachm, and -1½ drachms of tartar emetic, with ½ a pint of -warm water, this should be repeated 2 or 3 -times a day, according to the nature of the disease. -For drink, give him warm water or gruel -as much as he will drink, and keep the back -and loins warm and comfortable.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[18]</a></span></p> - -<h3>INFLAMMATION OF THE LUNGS.</h3> - -<p>This disease is generally brought on by sudden -cold, hard driving, high feeding, &c.</p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Symptoms.</span></h4> - -<p>The first appearance of this disease is generally -marked by fits of shivering, accompanied -with a coldness throughout the entire body, -which, however, gradually wears off, and he -becomes warm, except the ears and feet; but it -sometimes commences slowly, with a hard, dry -cough, which appears to give the horse great -pain; he appears dull, and refuses to eat his -food; the pulse is obscure and oppressed—he -heaves at the flanks, the nostrils are extended, -the eye-lids and linings of the nose are inflamed -with a disagreeable running at the nose, -experiences great difficulty in breathing, seems -very stiff, is unwilling to lie down or move, and -often stands until completely exhausted.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[19]</a></span></p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Treatment—Remedy.</span></h4> - -<p>Bleed until the pulse becomes round and full, -and then the heart will be able to accomplish -its object; next hand rub the legs, well, wrap them -up with flannel bandages as high as the knees, -put a blanket on the horse to keep him warm, -but let the stable have a sufficient opening to -admit the fresh air, not so much as to make it -cold or chilly. In warm weather the horse cannot -have too much fresh air. The following -prescription will be found very beneficial:</p> - -<ul> -<li>1 drachm powdered foxglove,</li> -<li>1½ <span class="ditto1">“</span> tartar emetic,</li> -<li>3 <span class="ditto2">“</span> nitre,</li> -<li>4 <span class="ditto2">“</span> tincture of aloes,</li> -<li>½ pint of warm water.</li> -</ul> - -<p>Mix well, give it as a drench and clyster with -soap and warm water; when the focus has become -softened a little, <em>leave off using the tincture of -aloes</em>, but continue to administer the remaining -portion of the above prescription, and blister the -sides and brisket with the blister ointment -every 6 hours. If the ointment should act well<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[20]</a></span> -on the first application, there is no further need -for it, but should it not act properly continue -the blistering until it does, or until the parts -become very sore, and in two or three days after -dress with lard.</p> - -<p>In the latter stages of the disease it will be -found very difficult to get the blister to act properly -on account of the exhaustion of the natural -powers of the animal, but it must be continued, -and the sinking energies aroused, or the -horse is lost. The blister is often prevented -from acting by the gig being up.</p> - -<p>In this disease the treatment should be prompt -and decisive, as not a moment of time is to be -lost. The first object should be to subdue the -inflammation, and if the mouth continues hot, -the extremities cold, and the nose red, the horse -must be bled again and again in rapid succession, -the good that we can do must be done immediately -or not at all.</p> - -<p>The first step to be taken in this disease is to -bleed profusely—let the lancet used be a large, -broad shouldered one, in order that the blood -may be extracted as quick as possible and the -disease destroyed without impairing the strength<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[21]</a></span> -of the animal. (If the blood be allowed to flow -slowly in a small stream, the strength of the -animal will be sapped, while the disease remains -untouched.) Let the blood flow until the pulse -falters and the horse begins to tremble; no harm -will be done however if he should fall by bleeding -in this disease. As soon as possible after -the bleeding, give the medicine prescribed; then -hand rub and bandage, and cover with warm -blankets; feed him on bran mash and let him -run to grass for a month.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[22]</a></span></p> - -<h3>INFLAMMATION OF THE BOWELS.</h3> - -<p>This disease arises from various causes, and -is frequently brought on by long standing costiveness, -neglected gripes, or hard riding, over -heating and immediately drinking of cold water.</p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Symptoms.</span></h4> - -<p>In many cases of this disease fits of shivering -or restlessness are the first indications of its -approach; the mouth becomes hot, the nose red, -the horse begins to evince the most intense -pain by pawing, striking at his belly with his -feet, looking wildly at his flanks, groaning and -rolling. The pulse is quick but small, the ears -and feet cold, the belly tender to the touch and -sometimes hot, the breathing is quickened, the -bowels costive, and the horse rapidly becoming -fearfully weak. He paws and stamps as in the -colic, but the pulse is much quicker than in that -disease, and the pain becomes constant without -any intermissions, as occur in colic.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[23]</a></span></p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Treatment—Remedy.</span></h4> - -<p>Commence by bleeding profusely, taking at -least 7 or 8 quarts of blood, or as much as the -horse can bear, which must be done immediately, -or a fatal termination may be looked for. -If the horse does not seem to have been relieved -or the pulse become round and full, the bleeding -must be repeated as the only means of -subduing the inflammation, which is the immediate -cause of the weakness. If the inflammation -is subdued by the extraction of the blood the -weakness will soon disappear. After the bleeding, -make a strong decoction of aloes and opium -or laudanum, say 1 ounce of laudanum with the -same quantity of the tincture of aloes, and give -it to the horse; this must be quickly followed -by back-raking and an injection of soap and -warm water or thin gruel, in which epsom salts -or aloes may be dissolved in moderate quantities; -repeat this until the bowels are completely cleaned -out. He should be given as much warm water -or thin gruel as he will drink, and half the quantity -of tincture of aloes and laudanum should -be administered every two or three hours until -the bowels are freely opened. Blister the sides<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[24]</a></span> -and belly with common blistering ointment and -bandage the legs up to the knees with flannel, -cover him with blankets as directed in inflammation -of the lungs, and give him a comfortable -stable, but not too hot, with plenty of fresh air. -No corn or hay should be allowed in this disease—bran -mash will answer very well for feed, -but green meat is preferable if it can be had. -Turn him out for two or three hours in the middle -of the day if not too cold; give the legs -good hand-rubbing every day; continue to clyster -with thin gruel for two or three days.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[25]</a></span></p> - -<h3>BOTS OR GRUBS.</h3> - -<p>The Bots or Grubs are small worms of a red -or brownish color, found in the stomach, and it -is considered almost impossible for them to do -any harm, but a horse that has the bots, grubs -or worms, loses flesh, becomes hide bound and -dull.</p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Symptoms.</span></h4> - -<p>In this disease a yellowish matter is often -found under the horse’s tail; he has pain, stamps -and rolls, switches his tail between his legs, -turns up his upper lip, and frequently looks -round to his flanks, and often tries to rub his -fundament against the wall, or any other place -that he can.</p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Treatment—Remedy No. 1.</span></h4> - -<p>First give an active purge, and if that is not -sufficient to expel them, take 2 drachms of tartar -emetic, with a small quantity of tin or pewter<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">[26]</a></span> -filings, or a little ground glass, make into -balls or pills, and give one every morning for -two weeks; if it is necessary, the balls can be -made with a little tar, which will also improve -the condition of the horse.</p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Remedy No. 2.</span></h4> - -<p>Take 1 pint of common honey and give it as -a drench; in two hours after give an active -purge:—1 pint of molasses added to 1 pint of -soft soap and a handful of salt will answer -very well. Repeat the dose if it does not operate -in four or five hours.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">[27]</a></span></p> - -<h3>MEMBRANES OF THE NOSE.<br /> -<span class="smcap">Showing the Symptoms that mark the Different -Stages of the Disease.</span></h3> - -<p>1st.—The pale pink hue, when the horse is -in perfect health.</p> - -<p>2d.—An increased tinge of red, and the gradual -uniform painting of the membrane, indicating -some excitement of the general system.</p> - -<p>3d.—The streaked appearance when inflammation -is threatening or commencing.</p> - -<p>4th.—The intense florid red, of inflammation -being acute.</p> - -<p>5th.—The starting of the vessels from their -gossamer coat, and their seeming to run bare -over the membranes, when inflammation has -attained its highest point.</p> - -<p>6th.—The pale ground, with patches of vivid -red, showing the half subdued but still existing -fever.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">[28]</a></span></p> - -<p>7th.—The uniform color, but of a deeper red -than natural, indicating the return of a healthy -state of the circulation.</p> - -<p>8th.—A paleness approaching to white, with -a slight radiation of crimson, showing that -there is still considerable irritability, and that -mischief may be in the wind.</p> - -<p>9th.—The pale, livid color, warning you that -the disease is assuming a typhoid character.</p> - -<p>10th.—The deep livid, announcing that the -typhus is establishing, and that the vital current -is stagnating.</p> - -<p>11th.—The brown or dirty painting, intermingling -with and subduing the lividness, denoting -that the game is up.</p> - -<p>12th.—These appearances will be guides to -our opinions and treatment, which can never be -too highly appreciated.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_29" id="Page_29">[29]</a></span></p> - -<h3>THE EYES.</h3> - -<p>From the eye of the horse we form an idea of -his age. There is, at the back of the eye a considerable -quantity of fatty substance, on which -it may revolve easily, without friction. In aged -horses much of this disappears, the eye becomes -sunken, and the pit above it deepens: The eye -is a very important organ of the horse, and -should be large, clear, shining, lively, dark colored, -round and full, so that you may look deep -into them; when moving but a small portion of -the white should show, and the purchaser who -notices this should pause ere he completes his -bargain for a horse that shows too much of the -whites of his eyes.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">[30]</a></span></p> - -<h3>THE EARS.</h3> - -<p>Those who are acquainted with the nature of -the horse pay much attention to the size and -motion of the ear. Ears rather small than large, -placed not too far apart, erect and quick in motion, -indicate both breeding and spirit. If a -horse is frequently in the habit of carrying one -ear forward and the other backward, and especially -when on a journey, he generally possesses -both spirit and continuance; and if attentive to -what is taking place about him, he cannot be -much fatigued or likely soon to become so.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">[31]</a></span></p> - -<h3>STAGGERS.</h3> - -<p>A number of opinions have been advanced in -relation to the origin and seat of this disease. -Some think that it is confined entirely to the -head, while others say that the lungs are also -affected; that it originates in the stomach, from -which it is removed by the action of the lymphatic -vessels, and being thrown into the circulation -is diffused throughout the entire system, -and carried by the arteries into the lungs, -through which all the blood in a horse’s body -passes many times during an hour, where it undergoes -a change, thus depositing a portion of -the poisonous matter that had been received into -the stomach in the lungs. It is common to -horses of all ages and conditions, and is a very -rare case where it does not prove fatal.</p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Symptoms.</span></h4> - -<p>The symptoms in this disease are feebleness, -drowsiness, loss of appetite, a constant hanging<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[32]</a></span> -of the head, with inflamed eyes, nearly closed; -he kicks, rears and plunges, seemingly unconscious -of what he is doing; it is dangerous for -any one to approach him in this state; the ears -and forehead hot, accompanied by a burning -fever.</p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Treatment—Remedy.</span></h4> - -<p>The first step to be taken in this disease is to -relieve the overloaded organs of the brain, which -should be done by opening the neck or jugular -vein with a large lancet, that the blood may flow -freely. No definite quantity of blood need be -taken, but let it run until the horse begins to -falter and blow; or, perhaps, with more assurance -of success, until he falls. Immediately -after inject freely with warm water, and give as -a drench ½ ounce of aloes, ½ ounce of ginger, -and ½ pint of warm water; feed on bran mash -and green meal.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[33]</a></span></p> - -<h3>RABIES OR MADNESS.</h3> - -<p>If a horse be bitten by a dog or horse that is -affected with rabies or madness, the wound -should be well burned out with caustic, (nitrate -of silver,) and on the third day after remove the -scab and repeat the operation. The caustic -should reach every part of the wound.</p> - -<p>The following remedy has often been administered, -and found effectual in nine cases out of -every ten. Take</p> - -<ul> -<li>2 ounces of fresh leaves of tree-box,</li> -<li>2 <span class="ditto1">“</span> <span class="ditto3">“</span> of rue,</li> -<li>½ <span class="ditto1">“</span> sage,</li> -</ul> - -<p>Chop these very fine and boil in a pint of water -down to half a pint; strain carefully, and press -out the liquor, put back the ingredients into a -pint of milk, and boil again to half a pint; -strain as before, mix both liquors, which forms -three doses for a human subject. Double this -quantity for a horse or cow. Two-thirds of the -quantity is sufficient for a large dog, half for a -middling sized, and one-third for a small dog. -Three doses are sufficient each subsequent morning -fasting, giving the quantity directed, being -that which forms these three doses.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_34" id="Page_34">[34]</a></span></p> - -<h3>INJURY OF THE EYE.</h3> - -<p>The eye itself of the horse is rarely injured -by blows and bruises carelessly inflicted by passionate -persons, but the substance that surrounds -it may be seriously wounded, and considerable -inflammation ensue—this may be abated by the -application of poultices, bleeding and physicing. -Sometimes the eye-lids become inflamed from -the same cause—fomentations of warm water -will be serviceable in this case. The horse occasionally -has a scaly eruption on the edges of the -eye-lids, attended with much itching, in the -effort to allay which the eye is often blemished -by being rubbed against some hard substance—the -nitriated ointment of quicksilver, mixed -with an equal quantity of lard may be slightly -rubbed on the edges of the lids, with good effect. -Warts are sometimes attached to the edges of -the lids, and are a source of great irritation—they -should be removed with a pair of sharp -scissors, and their roots touched with lunar -caustic. In common inflammation of the eye, -free bleeding, cooling applications, physic and -mash diet will usually allay the evil; the tincture -of opium is a good lotion.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_35" id="Page_35">[35]</a></span></p> - -<h3>LAMPASS.</h3> - -<p>The lampass is a swelling of the gums on the -inner side of the upper jaw, to which young -horses are mostly subject, and sometimes suffer -considerably before it is discovered.</p> - -<p>In some cases the swelling will subside without -further medical treatment than administering -a few alteratives, and feeding on bran -mashes, but should this fail it will have to be -cured by cutting across the bars with a lancet or -pen-knife. If, however, it returns in three or -four months after this operation, which it sometimes -does, take a sharp, flat piece of iron, a -little crooked at one end, heat it and burn out -the disease a little below the level of the teeth, -being very careful not to let the iron rest or bear -against the teeth. After this operation give the -horse a little meal, mixed with a small quantity -of salt, and feed on mashes.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_36" id="Page_36">[36]</a></span></p> - -<h3>THE PROCESS OF TEETHING.</h3> - -<p>At 1½ years of age the mark in the central -nippers will be much shorter and fainter; that -in the other pairs will have undergone an evident -change, and all the nippers become flat.</p> - -<p>At 2 years this will be more manifest, and -about this period a fifth will appear. Now, -likewise, another process is commencing: the -first teeth are adapted to the size and wants of -the young animal, and are sufficiently large to -fill the colt’s jaws.</p> - -<p>At 3 years old the horse should have the central -permanent nippers growing, the other two -pairs wasting away; six grinders in each jaw -above and below, the first and fifth level with -the others, and the sixth protruding; the sharp -edge of the incisors, which will be very evident -when compared to the neighboring teeth.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_37" id="Page_37">[37]</a></span></p> - -<p>At 4 years the central nippers will be fully -developed, with the edge somewhat worn off, -and the mark in them shorter, wider and fainter; -the next pair will have made their appearance -with the mark deep, and extending entirely -across them. The corner nippers will be larger -than the inside ones, yet smaller than they were -and flat, with the mark nearly effaced. The -sixth grinder will have become level with the -others, and the tushes beginning to make their -appearance.</p> - -<p>At 5 years the horse’s mouth is almost perfect. -The corner nippers are quite up with the -long, deep mark, irregular on the inside, and -the other nippers bearing evident tokens of increasing -wearing. The tush is much grown, -the grooves have almost or quite disappeared, -and the outer surface is regularly convex.</p> - -<p>At 6 years the mark on the central nippers is -worn out, though there is still a difference in -the color of the centre of the teeth. The cement -filling the hole, made by the dipping in -of enamel, will present a browner hue than the -other part of the teeth.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_38" id="Page_38">[38]</a></span></p> - -<p>At 7 years the mark in the manner which we -have described it, has worn out in the four central -nippers, and is fast disappearing in the -corner teeth; the tush also is beginning to alter—it -is rounding at the point, the edges, and -without, and beginning to get round inside.</p> - -<p>At 8 years old the tush is rounded in every -way, the mark has disappeared from all the bottom -nippers, and it may almost be said to be out -of the mouth. There is nothing remaining in -the bottom nippers afterward that can clearly -show the age of the horse.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_39" id="Page_39">[39]</a></span></p> - -<h3>CHEST FOUNDER.</h3> - -<p>I believe this disease to be nothing more than -the rheumatism, produced by suffering the horse -to remain too long tied up and exposed to the -cold, or riding him against a very bleak wind.</p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Symptoms.</span></h4> - -<p>The horse has considerable stiffness in moving, -evidently not arising from the feet; there -is a tenderness about the muscles of the breast -and occasional swelling; it is sometimes accompanied -with a considerable degree of fever.</p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Treatment—Remedy.</span></h4> - -<p>Bleeding, physic, and a rowel in the chest, -warm stabling and warm clothing, with occasional -doses of antimonial powder, will soon -subdue the complaint.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_40" id="Page_40">[40]</a></span></p> - -<h3>INFLAMMATION.</h3> - -<p>Inflammation consists of an increased flow of -the blood to and through the parts. The proper -mode of abating which is to lessen the quantity -of blood—if we take away the fuel, the fire -will go out—all other means are comparatively -unimportant contrasted with bleeding. Blood -is generally extracted from the jugular vein, so -that the general quantity may be lessened, but -if it can be taken from the neighborhood of the -diseased part, it will be productive of tenfold -benefit: one quart of blood extracted from the -foot in acute founder, will do more good than -five quarts taken from the general circulation; -an ounce of blood obtained by scarifying the -swollen vessels of the inflamed eye, will give as -much relief to that organ as a copious bleeding -from the jugular. This is a principle in the -animal’s nature which should never be lost sight -of; hence the necessity for bleeding early and -largely in inflammation of the lungs, or of the -bowels, or of the brain, or of any important organ. -Many horses are lost for want of, or insufficiency<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_41" id="Page_41">[41]</a></span> -in bleeding, but we never knew of -one being materially injured by the most copious -extraction of blood.</p> - -<p>It is very difficult to decide when a cold or -hot application is to be used, and no general -rule can be laid down, except that in cases of -inflammation in the early stages, cold will be -preferable, but when the inflammation is deeper -seated or fully established, warm fomentations -will be found most serviceable. Stimulating -applications are frequently used in local inflammation. -When the disease is deeply seated, a -stimulating application to the skin will cause -some irritation and inflammation there, and -lessen or remove the malady; hence the use -of rowels and blisters in inflammation of the -chest. If we excite it in one, we shall abate it -in the other,—and also, by the discharge which -we establish from the one, we shall lessen the -determination of the other. Stimulating and -blistering applications should never be applied -to a part that is already inflamed. A fire -will not go out by heaping more fuel upon it; -hence the mischief which is often done by rubbing -those abominable oils on a recent sprain,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_42" id="Page_42">[42]</a></span> -hot and tender. Many a horse has been ruined -by this absurd treatment, when the heat and -tenderness have disappeared by the use of cold -lotions or fomentations. When the leg or -sprained part remains enlarged long or matter -threatens to be deposited, it may be right to -excite inflammation of the skin by a blister, in -order to rouse the deeper seated absorbants to -action and enable them to take up this deposit; -but, except to hasten the natural process and -effects of inflammation, a blister or stimulating -application should never be applied to a part -already inflamed.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_43" id="Page_43">[43]</a></span></p> - -<h3>INFLAMMATION OF THE LARYNX.</h3> - -<p>He who is desirous of ascertaining whether -there is any disease in the larynx of a horse, -should apply his ear to the lower part of the -windpipe. If he finds that the air passes in and -out without interruption, there is no disease of -any consequence, either in the windpipe or the -chest, for it would be immediately detected by -the loudness or the interruption of the murmur. -Then let him gradually proceed up the neck -with his ear still upon the windpipe; perhaps he -soon begins to recognize a little gurgling sound. -He can have no surer proof that there is the -seat of the disease.</p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Treatment—Remedy.</span></h4> - -<p>The treatment here is very plain: Blood must -be copiously extracted from the jugular vein, -which must be done quickly, letting it run until<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_44" id="Page_44">[44]</a></span> -the pulse begins to flutter, then administer the -fever medicine:</p> - -<ul> -<li>1 drachm digitalis,</li> -<li>1½ <span class="ditto1">“</span> emetic tartar,</li> -<li>3 <span class="ditto2">“</span> nitre,</li> -<li>½ ounce aloes,</li> -</ul> - -<p>Which must be repeated twice or thrice in the -day. Aloes may be safely given at this stage -of the disease, because the chest is not yet implicated. -To this must be added immediately -a blister, and a sharp one.</p> - -<h3>EPIDEMICS.</h3> - -<p>In epidemics all offensive matter should be -immediately and carefully cleared away, and -no small portion of the chloride of lime used in -washing the stables, troughs, &c., and particularly -his ulcers, &c.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_45" id="Page_45">[45]</a></span></p> - -<h3>CHRONIC COUGH.</h3> - -<p>If a harsh hollow cough is accompanied by a -staring coat; it proceeds from irritability of the -air passages, which will be discovered by the -horse coughing after drinking, or when he first -goes out of the stable in the morning, or by -occasionally snorting out thick mucus from the -nose, medicine may be given with advantage to -diminish the irritation; generally small doses -of digitalis, emetic tartar and nitre administered -at night. Take</p> - -<ul> -<li>Digitalis ½ drachm,</li> -<li>Emetic tartar 1 drachm,</li> -<li>Nitre 1 drachm.</li> -</ul> - -<p>This should be mixed into a ball with tar and -given every night regularly for a considerable -length of time. A blister extending from the -root of one ear to that of the other, taking in -the whole of the channel and reaching six or -eight inches down the windpipe has been tried -with good effect. Feeding has much influence -on this complaint: too much dry meat, and especially -chaff increases it; carrots afford decided -relief.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_46" id="Page_46">[46]</a></span></p> - -<h3>THICK OR BROKEN WIND.</h3> - -<p>There is no remedy for the cure of this but -it may be improved. The horse should have -full proportions of solid food, but very little -hay, and no chaff; he should not be worked immediately -after a heavy meal; water should be -given in moderate quantities, but the horse -should not be suffered to drink as much as he -likes until the day’s work is over; green meat -will always be serviceable, and carrots are particularly -useful.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_47" id="Page_47">[47]</a></span></p> - -<h3>PHYSICING.</h3> - -<p>A horse should be carefully prepared for the -action of physic. Two or three bran mashes -given on that or the preceding day, which should -be continued until the dung becomes softened, -as a less quantity of physic will then suffice. -On the day which the physic is given, the horse -should have walking exercise, or may be gently -trotted for a quarter of an hour twice in the -day; but after the physic begins to work, he -should not be moved from his stall. A little -hay may be put in the rack, and as much mash -given as the horse will eat, and as much water -as he will drink with the coldness off. Aloes is -the best purgative, for there is no other that is at -once so sure and safe—the dose is from ½ to 1 -ounce, if the horse is properly prepared. The -only other purgative on which dependence can be -placed is the croton; the dose varies from 1 scruple -to ½ a drachm. Linseed oil is an uncertain -but safe purgative, in doses from a pint to a pint -and a half. Epsom salts are an inefficacious -remedy except in the immense dose of a pound -and a half, and then they are not always safe.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_48" id="Page_48">[48]</a></span></p> - -<h3>SPRAINS OF THE BACK SINEWS.</h3> - -<p>Should there remain the slightest lameness -or enlargement, the leg must be blistered; and -it would seldom be a bad practice to blister after -every case of severe sprain. The inflammation -may lay deep, and the part once sprained may -long remain weak, and subject to renewed -injury, not from unusual but ordinary exertion. -The horse should be afterwards turned out for -one or two months.</p> - -<p>We must here again repeat that a blister -should never be used while any heat remains.</p> - -<h3>ENLARGEMENT OF THE HOCK.</h3> - -<p>A horse with an enlarged hock must always -be regarded with suspicion: in truth he is unsound. -The animal may discharge his usual -work during a long period, without return of -lameness, but when all his energies are required, -the weakened part will fail. The treatment is -plain enough: fomentations, blistering, &c. may -remedy the evil.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_49" id="Page_49">[49]</a></span></p> - -<h3>SPRAIN OF THE COFFIN JOINT.</h3> - -<p>The proof of this is when the lameness is -sudden, and the heat and tenderness are principally -felt around the cornet. Bleeding at the -toe, physic, fomentations and blisters are the -usual means adopted. This lameness is not -easily removed even by a blister, and if removed -like sprains of the fetlock and of the back sinews, -it is apt to return again. Sprains of the -coffin joint sometimes become a very serious -affair; not being attended by any swelling, and -being detected only by heat around the coronet. -First reduce the heat by fomentations: say bathe -the foot with water as warm as the hand will -bear, fomentate with this for 15 or 20 minutes—the -long continuance of fomentations has been -found very efficacious in reducing inflammation; -next apply a clay poultice made with vinegar, -and when getting dry moisten by pouring vinegar -on the foot and clay. After the heat has -left the parts, then blister. The horse should -not be used for a month or two.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_50" id="Page_50">[50]</a></span></p> - -<h3>GREASE.</h3> - -<p>Grease consists of swollen legs, although -swelled legs occur frequently, yet there is no -grease. Friction and bandaging will generally -remove this. Grease is a specific inflammation -of the skin of the heels, sometimes of the forefeet, -but oftener of the hinder ones. It is not -a contagious disease, as some have asserted -although when it once appears in a stable, it -frequently attacks almost every horse in it.—Bad -stable management is the true cause of it. -The first appearance of grease is usually a dry -and scurfy state of the skin of the heel, with -redness, heat and itching. The heel should be -well but gently washed with soap and water, -and as much of the scurf detached as is easily -removed. If the cracks are deep, with an ichorous -discharge and considerable lameness, it -will be necessary to poultice. A poultice made -of carrots boiled soft and mashed will answer -the purpose. The efficacy of a carrot poultice -is seldom sufficiently appreciated in cases like -this. The poultice just referred to should be<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_51" id="Page_51">[51]</a></span> -diligently applied at night, to insure success, -and when the heat and tenderness and stiffness -of motion have diminished, astringent lotions -should be applied. Either the alum lotion or a -strong decoction of oak bark—perhaps the alum -dissolved in whiskey will do better than water, -or the alum dissolved in a decoction of bark will -answer better than either. This disease requires -perseverance—the decoctions should be made -very strong. After washing several times should -there be watery matter on the heels or leg, wash -it off with wafer and soap. Moderate physicing, -bran mashes, &c. will be found very beneficial. -The above decoctions will never fail to -cure the scratches.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_52" id="Page_52">[52]</a></span></p> - -<h3>INFLAMMATION OF THE FEET, ACUTE -FOUNDER.</h3> - -<p>This is a disease that was less understood than -any other until very recently. It often arises -by allowing a horse that is very much heated to -stand in the snow or cold water for any length -of time, or where he is apt to become chilled, -which produces a general stiffness throughout -the entire system; but it will soon be observed -that the seat of the disease is in the feet, by the -disinclination of the horse to remain upon them.</p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Symptoms.</span></h4> - -<p>The earliest symptoms of fever in the feet are -restiveness, frequent shifting of the fore legs, -but no pawing. The pulse is quickened, the -flanks heaving, the nostrils red and his moaning -indicating great pain. He looks about his -litter, as if preparing to lie down; he continues -to shift his weight from foot to foot; he is afraid -to draw his feet sufficiently under him for the -purpose of lying down, but at length he drops.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_53" id="Page_53">[53]</a></span> -His lying down will distinguish inflammation -of the feet from that of the lungs, in which the -horse obstinately persists in standing until he -drops. His quietness when down will distinguish -it from colic or inflammation of the bowels. -He will point out the seat of the disease by -looking at the part; his muzzle will often rest -on the feet or affected foot.</p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Treatment—Remedy No. 1.</span></h4> - -<p>The treatment in this disease resembles that -of other inflammations. Bleeding is indispensable -and that to its fullest extent. Four quarts of -blood should be taken from the toe of the foot, -which may be put into warm water to quicken -the flow of blood. Poultices of linseed meal, -made very soft, should cover the whole of the -foot and pastern, and be frequently renewed. -This will relieve its painful pressure on the -swelled and tender parts beneath. The shoe -should be removed, the sole pared as thin as possible, -the crust and quarters well washed—all -this should be done gently. Sedatives and cooling -medicines should be diligently administered, -consisting of digitalis, nitre and tartar emetic,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_54" id="Page_54">[54]</a></span> -1 drachm digitalis, 2 drachms tartar emetic, 3 -drachm saltpetre. If no amendment is apparent -after this, blood should again be extracted -on the following day. In extreme cases, a third -bleeding may be justifiable, and instead of the -poultice, cloths kept wet with water in which -nitre has been dissolved, in the proportion of -an ounce of nitre to a pint of water. The -cloths should be wrapped around the feet.</p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Treatment—Remedy No. 2.</span></h4> - -<p>Take 1 quart sweet milk, 1 quart molasses, -½ oz. pulverized saltpetre, mix and dissolve all -together, give in 2 drenches about 5 minutes -apart: this is highly recommended by those who -have tried it.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_55" id="Page_55">[55]</a></span></p> - -<h3>RESTIVENESS, OR TAMING HORSES.</h3> - -<p>Mr. Catlin has published an account, the -veracity of which is unimpeached, of his travels -among the North American Indians. “He coils -his lasso on his arm and gallops fearlessly into -the herd of wild horses. He soon gets it over -the neck of one of the number, when he instantly -dismounts, leaving his own horse, letting the -lasso pass out gradually and carefully through -his hands until the horse falls for want of breath. -The Indian advances, keeping the lasso tight -upon his neck until he fastens a pair of hobbles -on the animals two fore feet,—then passing a -noose round the under jaw by which he obtains -great power over the affrighted animal, that is -rearing and plunging when it gets breath. By -this means he gradually advances until he is -able to place his hand on the animal nose and -over its eyes, and at length to breathe into its -nostrils, when it soon becomes docile and conquered; -so that he has little else to do than -remove the hobbles from its feet, and lead or -ride it to the camp.”</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_56" id="Page_56">[56]</a></span></p> - -<p>Mr. A. B. Moss happened to read this account, -and he felt a natural desire to ascertain -how far this mode of horse training might be -employed among the American horses. He -soon had an opportunity of putting the veracity -of the story to the test. A man on a neighboring -farm was attempting to break a very restive -colt, which had foiled him in every possible way. -After several attempts, he succeeded in breathing -into one of the horse’s nostrils, and from -that moment all became easy. The horse was -completely subdued. He suffered himself to be -led quietly away with a loose halter, and was -perfectly at command.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_57" id="Page_57">[57]</a></span></p> - -<h3>BROOD MARES.</h3> - -<p>Great care and attention should be paid to -brood mares, particularly three or four weeks -before foaling. She should be worked up to the -day of foaling, being very careful not to overwork -or exert her too much; light and moderate -work is an advantage to the animal with -foal. She should be fed on a little flax seed -meal, or the whole seed if the meal cannot be -obtained, twice a week at least six or eight -weeks before foaling, and should never fail to -turn out to grass of a night for several -weeks previous to foaling. Should be fed on -bran mash through the winter, and up to the -time of foaling, which will be found very advantageous -to both mare and colt. There is -nothing so refreshing as a bran mash with a -little salt in it, adding a reasonable quantity of -corn and oats. If this course and caution is -taken you will not lose one mare out of a hundred, -and perhaps not one out of a thousand.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_58" id="Page_58">[58]</a></span></p> - -<h3>WARTS.</h3> - -<p>Warts are found on the eye-lids, the muzzel, -the ears, the belly, the neck, the penis, and the -prepuce. There are some caustics available, but -frequently they must be removed by an operation.</p> - -<p>If the root is very small it may be snapped -asunder close to the skin with a pair of scissors, -and touched with lunar caustic.</p> - -<p>If the pedicle or stem is somewhat larger, a -ligature of waxed silk should be passed firmly -round it and tightened every day. The source -of nutriment being thus removed the tumor will -in a short time die and drop off.</p> - -<p>If the warts are large or in considerable clusters, -it will be necessary to cast the horse in -order to cut them off close to the skin. The -root should then be seared with a red hot iron; -unless these precautions are used the warts will -speedily sprout out again.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_59" id="Page_59">[59]</a></span></p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_60" id="Page_60">[60]</a></span></p> - -<h2>A COMPLETE LIST OF<br /> -Receipts Belonging to the Horse.<br /> -<span class="smaller">AND THEIR USES.</span></h2> - -<h3>CELEBRATED HORSE POWDERS.<br /> -<span class="smcap">For the cure of Yellow Water, Hide Bound, -Grub Worms, Bots, &c.</span></h3> - -<p>These powders will cleanse the blood and give -new life and vigor to the animal, its effects will -soon be made apparent. They are harmless and -can be fed with safety. Take</p> - -<ul> -<li>½ pound gentian root.</li> -<li>1 <span class="ditto1">“</span> flour of brimstone,</li> -<li>1 <span class="ditto1">“</span> fenugreek,</li> -<li>½ <span class="ditto1">“</span> alum,</li> -<li>¼ <span class="ditto1">“</span> gum asafœtida,</li> -<li>1 <span class="ditto1">“</span> rosin,</li> -<li>¼ <span class="ditto1">“</span> angelica root,</li> -<li>½ <span class="ditto1">“</span> rhubarb,</li> -<li>½ <span class="ditto1">“</span> columbo,</li> -<li>1 <span class="ditto1">“</span> copperas,</li> -<li>1 <span class="ditto1">“</span> cut and dried tobacco,</li> -<li>½ <span class="ditto1">“</span> cream of tartar,</li> -<li>¼ <span class="ditto1">“</span> red tartar,</li> -<li>1 <span class="ditto1">“</span> epsom salts,</li> -<li>1 <span class="ditto1">“</span> juniper berries,</li> -<li><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_61" id="Page_61">[61]</a></span>½ <span class="ditto1">“</span> garden benedict,</li> -<li>½ <span class="ditto1">“</span> salts of nitre,</li> -<li>1 <span class="ditto1">“</span> spice berries,</li> -<li>1 <span class="ditto1">“</span> antimony,</li> -<li>1 <span class="ditto1">“</span> ginger,</li> -</ul> - -<p>Mix and pulverize well. The glass should be -ground through a fine mill two or three times. -If the benedict and spice berries cannot be obtained -it will do well without them.</p> - -<h4>DIRECTIONS FOR USE.</h4> - -<p>The dose is 1 table spoonful night and morning, -with bran mash or oats, which can be increased -or diminished to suit the case. By -leaving out tobacco it will make an excellent -powder for cows, hogs, sheep, &c.</p> - -<h3>TO CURE GALDS ON HORSES.</h3> - -<p>Take dry white lead and sprinkle it on the -gald twice a day, which will dry it up and cure -it in a short time.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_62" id="Page_62">[62]</a></span></p> - -<h3>ARABIAN OIL FOR HORSES.</h3> - -<p>This oil is an excellent mixture for sprains, -swellings, galds, &c. either for a human subject -or a horse. Take</p> - -<ul> -<li>1 quart of linseed oil,</li> -<li>1 pint of turpentine,</li> -<li>4 ounces oil of origanum</li> -<li>6 <span class="ditto1">“</span> oil of spike,</li> -<li>6 <span class="ditto1">“</span> spirits of camphor,</li> -<li>1 <span class="ditto1">“</span> oil of sassafras.</li> -</ul> - -<p>Mix and shake well before using, and keep the -vessel that contains it well corked. The spirits -of camphor is made by taking 95 per cent. -alcohol, adding as much gum camphor as it -will dissolve.</p> - -<h3>FOR THE BOTS.</h3> - -<p>Dissolve in a pint of milk warm water ¼ lb. -of alum and give it as a drench; in ten minutes -after give 1 pint of linseed oil.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_63" id="Page_63">[63]</a></span></p> - -<h3>AN INFALLIBLE LOTION -FOR BLOWS, BRUISES, SWELLINGS, SPRAINS, &C.</h3> - -<p>This lotion is truly astonishing in its effects, -and cannot be surpassed for the purposes for -which it is intended. Dissolve 2 ounces of gum -camphor in 1 pint of 95 per cent. alcohol, and -when dissolved add</p> - -<ul> -<li>2 ounces oil of turpentine,</li> -<li>2 <span class="ditto1">“</span> spirits sal amoniac,</li> -<li>1 <span class="ditto1">“</span> oil origanum,</li> -<li>2 tablespoonsful laudanum.</li> -</ul> - -<p>This lotion must be well rubbed in with the -hand for a full quarter of an hour every time it -is used, which should be four times a day.</p> - -<h3>FOR THE BLACK TONGUE.</h3> - -<p>Take a handful of fine salt and rub well upon -the tongue of the horse that has this disease, -which will effect a cure in two applications. It -is an infallible, simple and cheap remedy.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_64" id="Page_64">[64]</a></span></p> - -<h3>LOTION FOR SCRATCHES OR GREASE.</h3> - -<p>Take white oak bark and make a strong decoction -of it by boiling; then dissolve a portion -of pulverized alum in the decoction, say ½ pound -of alum to a quart of decoction, and it is ready -for use. Before applying the lotion, wash the -parts with warm soap suds two or three times a -day. This lotion has never been known to fail -when properly applied. A lotion made of alum -and water is said to be good.</p> - -<h3>TO QUIET OR TAME HORSES.</h3> - -<p>Take of the oil of roses 4 drops, oil of cummin -4 drops, and a portion of the wart or horney -substance that forms on the leg, powder it fine; -then drop the oil in and mix it in your hand, -put some up the horse’s nostrils, and give him -some in his feed. This is said to be a certain -remedy for taming horses, so that you may handle -them as you please.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_65" id="Page_65">[65]</a></span></p> - -<h3>TREATMENT OF FOUNDER.</h3> - -<p>As soon as it is ascertained that the horse is -foundered, take from the neck vein from 1 to 2 -gallons of blood; then give 1 ounce of pulverized -alum, mixed with damp oats; place the horse -in a dry stall, ground floor is best, wrap the legs -up as high as the knees and hock joints, with -woollen cloths, saturate them with cold water -for seven or eight hours; give him no food for -twenty-four hours, and then let it be a light -feed of oats and bran mash mixed. In two or -three days turn him out for exercise. If the -ankles continue feverish, bathe them at night -with equal parts of vinegar, alcohol and sweet -oil.</p> - -<h3>FOR URINE BOUND.</h3> - -<p>Take dandeline leaves, make a strong decoction -and drench freely. A decoction made of -water-melon seeds will answer the same purpose. -Whiskey will generally accomplish the -object.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_66" id="Page_66">[66]</a></span></p> - -<h3>FOR THE DISTEMPER.</h3> - -<p>Give the horse indigo water to drink: feed on -bran mash mixed with a small quantity of sulphor -or brimstone; or you may use some good -horse powders, adding thereto a little of the -brimstone. The easiest mode to tincture the -water with the indigo is to put it into a common -muslin bag; then dip the bag into the water, -letting it remain until the water becomes bluish, -or until you think it contains a sufficient -quantity of the indigo. Give no other water to -drink. This is a safe remedy.</p> - -<h3>HOOF OINTMENT.</h3> - -<p>Take 1 pound of tar and 1 pound of tallow, -mix them with ½ pound of common turpentine -in a stone ware dish; stir them until they are -thoroughly mixed together. This is an excellent -dressing for sore hoofs, for horses and oxen.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_67" id="Page_67">[67]</a></span></p> - -<h3>EMBROCATION FOR THE THROAT.</h3> - -<p>This embrocation may be used without taking -the hair off. Take</p> - -<ul> -<li>2 ounces spirits of hartshorn,</li> -<li>2 <span class="ditto1">“</span> oil of turpentine,</li> -<li>2 <span class="ditto1">“</span> spirits of camphor,</li> -<li>1<span class="ditto1">“</span> laudanum.</li> -</ul> - -<p>Mix well and put into a bottle; keep it well -corked.</p> - -<h3>TO MAKE ELDER OINTMENT.</h3> - -<p>Take the green leaves of elder, if they can be -had; if not, take of the inside bark any quantity -and lard in proportion to the elder, then fry to -a crisp, which will be found very efficacious in -healing sores, scalds, burns, sprains, or any humorous -swelling. The elder alone fried in the -same manner and strained, makes a much better -ointment. This is worth making and keeping -on hand, as its cost is a mere trifle.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_68" id="Page_68">[68]</a></span></p> - -<h3>FOR BLOOD OR BOG SPAVIN.</h3> - -<p>For curing the above disease dress with mercurial -ointment two or three times, and then -with iodine ointment. To make mercurial ointment, -take 1 ounce of quicksilver to 3 ounces of -lard, beat both together until thoroughly mixed. -Iodine ointment is made by mixing equal quantities -of iodine and mercurial ointment well together.</p> - -<h3>A GOOD HORSE POWDER.</h3> - -<p>The following prescription will make an excellent -powder for ordinary purposes. Take</p> - -<ul> -<li>2 pounds sulphor of brimstone,</li> -<li>2 <span class="ditto1">“</span> cream of tartar,</li> -<li>1 <span class="ditto1">“</span> antimonia,</li> -<li>1 <span class="ditto1">“</span> saltpetre.</li> -</ul> - -<p>The dose of this mixture is 1 table spoonful -morning and evening.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_69" id="Page_69">[69]</a></span></p> - -<h3>ON BLISTERING.</h3> - -<p>The Spanish fly in its action is intense, yet -superficial. It plentifully raises the cuticle, yet -rarely injures the true skin and therefore seldom -blemishes. The application of other acrid -substances is occasionally followed by deeply -seated ulceration; but a blister composed of the -Spanish fly alone, while it does its duty, leaves, -after a few weeks have passed, scarcely a trace -behind. The art of blistering consists in cutting -or rather shaving the hair close, then rubbing -on the ointment at least ten minutes. As -soon as the vesicles have risen, which will be in -something like 20 hours, you may relieve the -animal by the application of olive or neatsfoot -oil. In inflammation of the lungs, &c., it -should be made to act sooner. The principle of -the blister is, that no intense inflammation can -exist in the neighboring parts at the same time. -An infusion of 2 ounces of the flies in 1 pint of -oil of turpentine, for several days, is frequently -used, and with good effect. This is a sure and -safe remedy. If in the winter blanket the horse -to keep him warm until he is over it; put a -blanket over the head also if very cold.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_70" id="Page_70">[70]</a></span></p> - -<h3>TINCTURE OF ALOES AND MYRRH.</h3> - -<p>This will answer well for dressing either fresh -or old wounds. Take</p> - -<ul> -<li>8 ounces of powdered aloes,</li> -<li>1 <span class="ditto2">“</span> <span class="ditto2">“</span> myrrh,</li> -<li>1 quart spirits of wine,</li> -<li>1 ounce water,</li> -</ul> - -<p>Put these into a bottle and shake every day for -two weeks, when it will be ready for use. This -is an excellent preparation, and can be relied -on. Any person having horses should never be -without this tincture, the cost being but a mere -trifle, and will often and in every case save time, -trouble and expense, where there is use for it.</p> - -<h3>TINCTURE OF OPIUM.</h3> - -<p>To make the above take 2 ounces of powdered -opium and 2 pints spirits of wine, put into a -bottle and shake well every day for a week, -when it will be ready for use.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_71" id="Page_71">[71]</a></span></p> - -<h3>COMMON BLISTERING OINTMENT.</h3> - -<p>To make the above ointment which may be -used for blistering in inflammation of the lungs, -bowels, &c. Take</p> - -<ul> -<li>1½ pounds of lard,</li> -<li>2 ounces venice turpentine,</li> -<li>2 <span class="ditto2">“</span>rosin,</li> -<li>2½ <span class="ditto1">“</span> spanish flies, powdered,</li> -</ul> - -<p>Melt the rosin, turpentine and lard in any common -vessel, and when the mixture begins to cool -put in the powdered flies; mix well by stirring. -Before applying the blister clip or shave the -hair off and grease, rub well for ten minutes. -After it has acted, grease with lard or oil.</p> - -<h3>FOR RING BONE OR SPAVIN.</h3> - -<p>The following will be found very useful for -removing ring bone or spavin, or any other bony -substance. Take</p> - -<ul> -<li>8 ounces of spanish flies,</li> -<li>1 pound of lard,</li> -<li>1 <span class="ditto2">“</span> rosin,</li> -<li>6 ounces of venice turpentine,</li> -</ul> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_72" id="Page_72">[72]</a></span></p> - -<p>Melt the lard, rosin and turpentine over a slow -fire, and when beginning to cool add the spanish -flies. Apply three mornings in succession; and -in twelve hours after the last application dress -with lard; keep out of the water while blistering, -which may be reduced with oil and used -for the purpose of irritating and removing inflammation, -lameness, &c. The horse should -not get wet while blistering.</p> - -<h3>SPIRITS OF PIMENTO.</h3> - -<p>To make spirits of pimento take</p> - -<ul> -<li>½ pound of ground allspice,</li> -<li>1 quart of alcohol.</li> -<li>1 <span class="ditto1">“</span> of water,</li> -</ul> - -<p>Put these into a bottle and shake well before -using. It is now ready for use though it is better -to let it stand several days. This is a good -lotion for the wind colic after the gas has been -removed.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_73" id="Page_73">[73]</a></span></p> - -<h3>TINCTURE OF IODINE.</h3> - -<p>To make this tincture take 1 ounce of iodine, -1 pint of spirits of wine, and mix well. It is -very good for enlarged glands of the neck, joints -and muscles, and may be used twice a day without -taking the hair off.</p> - -<h3>LINIMENT FOR SPRAINS, SWELLINGS, -&c.</h3> - -<p>To make this liniment, which will never fail -in curing sprains, swellings, &c. &c. Take</p> - -<ul> -<li>2 ounces hartshorn,</li> -<li>2 <span class="ditto1">“</span> spirits camphor,</li> -<li>1 <span class="ditto1">“</span> oil of turpentine,</li> -<li>½ <span class="ditto1">“</span> laudanum.</li> -</ul> - -<p>Mix well together and put into a bottle, being -careful to keep it well corked.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_74" id="Page_74">[74]</a></span></p> - -<h3>COOLING LOTION FOR INFLAMMATION</h3> - -<p>This is an excellent lotion for wounds of the -eyes, &c. to be used after bleeding freely. Take</p> - -<ul> -<li>2 drachms sugar of lead,</li> -<li>1 <span class="ditto2">“</span> white vitriol,</li> -<li>1 pint lime water.</li> -</ul> - -<p>Put them into a bottle and shake often, so as to -dissolve the ingredients. Apply it as a wash, -bathing the parts affected two or three times a -day.</p> - -<h3>FOR THE SWEANEY.</h3> - -<p>This is a troublesome disease, and is very -common amongst horses. It can easily be detected -by examining the withers, which will be -slightly sunk, and the skin becomes very tight -to the muscles and flesh; and if suffered to run -on, the horse will get very lame and the skin -tight, and the withers much sunken. I have -seen horses frequently have it on the rump or<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_75" id="Page_75">[75]</a></span> -near the hip bone; it would cause the horse to -become very lame. This disease should be -attacked when first discovered, and never suffer -it to run on until the horse becomes very lame -and the parts much sunken.</p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Remedy.</span></h4> - -<ul> -<li>Take 1 pint strong vinegar,</li> -<li><span class="ditto1">“</span> 1 gill spirits turpentine,</li> -<li><span class="ditto1">“</span> 1 oz. pulverized saltpetre.</li> -</ul> - -<p>Put all into a bottle, shake, mix and dissolve -well, and it is fit for use. Rub the liniment on -the sunken parts with the hand as much as will -soak in twice a day, until it becomes sore, and -the skin gets loose; then apply once a day until -all is used. This liniment will never fail in -curing if applied properly, and is the only safe -and sure remedy for sweaney. I have never -known it to fail; you may grease with sweet -oil 1 day after using the last time. This liniment -will take off the hair, but it will do no -harm, as the hair will come out in a short time -as fine as ever, and will not leave the least -blemish. The liniment must act on the skin,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_76" id="Page_76">[76]</a></span> -and if it does not make sore or act on the skin, -add more spirits turpentine. If you have a -horse that has the sweaney, do not put yourself -to the trouble of getting any person to cure it -for you, or purchase any quack medicine for it; -but go to work and cure it yourself, which can -be done for 12½ cents. The horse should not -be worked while using it. I have known it to -be cured whilst working the horse, but the animal -should not be punished in that way. In -case the first dose does not entirely relieve, use -the second time: this you will have no need for -if you do not work the horse.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_77" id="Page_77">[77]</a></span></p> - -<h3>HOW TO THROW OR MAKE A HORSE -LAY DOWN.</h3> - -<p>Whatever you may intend the horse to do, it -is always necessary to give him some idea what -you wish him to do, and repeat whatever it may -be until the horse is sure to remember it. To -make a horse lay down, bend the left fore leg -until the hoof is nearly bottom upwards; then -fasten a loop over his leg above the pastern -joint firmly, so that he cannot get the foot -down: next fasten one end of another strap -around his right foot above his hoof; place the -strap through the left leg where it is bent; keep -the strap in your right hand; keep on the left -side of the horse; let the bridle have a strap to -it; bring this up over the opposite-side of his -neck, grasp it with your left hand, drawing the -strap steady, so as to draw his head to the right; -pull steady with the right hand strap, bearing -against the shoulder to cause him to move; when -he does move, he will come on his knees; keep -the strap tight, so that he cannot straighten his -leg; keep him in this position, turning his head<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_78" id="Page_78">[78]</a></span> -towards you; bear against his side slightly with -your shoulder with an equal pressure; in ten -minutes or so, he will be down. As soon as he -is down, he will be conquered; and you can -handle as you please; keep his head up, now you -may take off the straps, straighten out his legs, -rub him about the face, head and neck with your -hand the way the hair lays; handle all his legs -gently, and he will soon learn that you won’t -do him any harm. After he has laid some 15 -or 20 minutes, let him get up again. Rest him -a short time, and make him lay down again as -before: repeat the operation three or four times -which is sufficient for one lesson; give him 3 or -4 lessons, and he will lay down by taking hold -of one foot, and tapping him on the other leg -with a stick while you have hold of his foot—finally -he will lay down from the motion of the -stick. Before you attempt to make a horse lay -down, place a thick bed of hay on the floor or -ground, so that he cannot hurt himself in the -least. If your horse is very scarry, fretful or -skittish after you have given him one or two -lessons, take something that will rattle or any -thing that is calculated to frighten him, rattle<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_79" id="Page_79">[79]</a></span> -it and pass over his head and about him; he may -be much frightened at first, keep his head up, -and he cannot get up, and by continuing with -this, he will soon get used to it and not mind it. -It will be the same with a kicking horse after -you pass over him with harness, chains, &c. he -will soon become accustomed to it, so that you -can hitch him up and work him with safety.—In -all cases where horses have been broke of bad -habits, you should be cautious not to show him -opportunities to learn his old tricks over. The -most gentle horse can be spoiled and brought -into bad habits; so you should be careful with -the one that has just been broke from his bad -habits.</p> - -<p>The above is the only safe and sure course -which you can pursue with a horse with bad -habits. I would here again press upon you -when you have him on his knees, to commence -patting him under the belly—continue with -gentle strokes upon the belly. You will in a -few minutes bring him to his knees behind: -continue the process and he will lay down and -submit himself to your treatment. By proceeding -gently you may handle his feet and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_80" id="Page_80">[80]</a></span> -legs any way you choose. By practising this -process a few times, you will find him perfectly -gentle and submissive, and will generally follow -you, and is unwilling to leave you unless he be -very wild; the first treatment will answer.—Should -you have a very wild horse, and cannot -manage him, take the button or horney substance -which grows on the back part of the -horse’s leg; dry this, pulverize it fine, drop a -few drops of oil of roses and a few drops oil -cummin; put some of this up his nostrils: this -is best done by putting it in a large quill and -blowing it up the nostril; feed him with a small -portion of it from off your hand, with a little -oats; also breathe your breath into his nostrils; -by doing this, he will permit you to handle his -feet, legs, &c. or permit you to get on his back, -or suffer you to handle as you please. By pursuing -these courses, and handling occasionally, -always letting him know what you want him -to do, you will be able to quiet and tame a horse -to become perfectly gentle.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_81" id="Page_81">[81]</a></span></p> - -<h3>RULES FOR A HORSE THAT SHYES.</h3> - -<p>When you have a horse that shyes or scares -at a stump, log or any object that may come in -his way, never whip him for it, or attempt to -force him up to it or by it. But be easy with -him, try and get him up to the object by gentle -handling; patting and rubbing him on the neck, -shoulders, &c. Finally you will get him up to -the object, and he will smell or feel it with his -nose. If you pursue this course he will finally -forget and give up the habit of scaring. If you -wish to satisfy yourself about this course, take -a buffalo robe or a red blanket, place your horse -in a yard and hold up the robe, moving towards -him; he will soon throw up his head, snort and -run. Then throw the robe down in the centre -of the yard; if frightened he will not rest until -he has touched it with his nose; he will soon -begin to walk toward the robe and snort, getting -a little closer until he touches it with his nose, -he will see that it will do him no harm, and -finally he will pick it up with his teeth and care -nothing about it. This will show you at once<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_82" id="Page_82">[82]</a></span> -that if you can get him up to the object and let -him feel it with his nose, he will care nothing -about it, and soon forget his scaring, &c.—When -you try the robe experiment step up to -one side and watch his motions, and he will -soon give you the principle upon which he acts. -The same course must be pursued in breaking -wild colts; go up to it cautiously and by degrees, -never rush up to it all at once; be cautious, -watch the colt, and if you see that he is frightened -at your approach stop a little, and when -he becomes quiet approach a little nearer, and so -on until he will suffer you to touch his face, then -rub him gently the way the hair lays; continue -doing this until he will permit you to feel him -pretty near all over; then place your halter on -him, gently rubbing and feeling him over the -face and head. When you have the halter on -lead him over the yard cautiously; do not -frighten him or whip him. Never whip unless -he is very stubborn and does not fear you, then -you should give him a few sharp cuts with the -whip about his hind legs so as it will crack sharp -and cause him to fear you. After you have -him started feel his face, fore legs, &c. a good<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_83" id="Page_83">[83]</a></span> -deal more than you have whipped him, then he -will soon become fond of you again. After you -have learned him to move off, you may put on -the bridle and learn him by gentling him as -you did with the halter; you may now put on -the saddle, but do it cautiously, feeling him by -degrees, then get yourself a block about eighteen -inches high, place this by his side and -when he gets used to this get up on the block, -then put your foot in the stirrup, putting a little -of your weight in it by degrees; as soon as -you find he will bear it you can get on the saddle -and make him move off, but do it all cautiously -so as not to frighten him. When you -have learned him all this you may next put on -the harness, carefully feeling him first, and give -him to understand what you want him to do; -as soon as he finds out you will not hurt him -he will suffer the harness to be put on; now you -may hitch him to a light log, and learn him to -pull this first; when he does this well use a -heavier one, and when he does this all well you -can hitch him up in a wagon or sulky, but do -it all carefully, and do not frighten him or you -may make a bad job of it. The above principle<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_84" id="Page_84">[84]</a></span> -should always be carried out in every thing you -wish the horse to learn. You cannot expect a -man to do any piece of work for you unless he -understands it, or has learned the principle of -it, much less can you expect a horse to do something -he knows nothing about. If you pursue -this course you can soon get the horse to understand -what you want him to do, and he will -become very fond of you. I will here state that -if you have a very stubborn colt or horse, you -may use the oil of roses and oil of cummin -with the powdered button, which should be -blown into his nostrils.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_85" id="Page_85">[85]</a></span></p> - -<h3>HOW TO DRIVE OR BREAK A KICKING -HORSE.</h3> - -<p>Or horses with bad habits. First take up one -fore foot, bend his leg till his hoof is bottom upward, -then slip a loop over his knee above the -pastern joint to keep it tight. This should be -done with a leather strap, forming a loop around -the one, and so fixed as to buckle around the -other; be careful so as to fasten it so as it cannot -slip down or come loose, or you may pass a -loop over the leg, and with another strap tie -the loop close together, between the leg, so as -to prevent it from coming down. This will -leave the horse on three legs. You can handle -now as you wish, as it is impossible for him to -kick whilst his leg is up. This will conquer -the horse quicker than any other course -which you can pursue, and especially a kicker -or one that runs off when he has the chance so -to do.</p> - -<p>The surest plan for a horse that will attempt -to run off as soon as you hitch him up, is to fasten -up his leg as directed above or learn him to<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_86" id="Page_86">[86]</a></span> -hop along on three legs awhile, which he will -soon learn to do. Exercise him two or three -times, in this way fifteen or twenty minutes at -a time, or until conquered, allowing his leg to -be loosed. When you have learned him to walk -in this way, fasten up his leg and put the harness -on him and hitch up to sulky. Now you -may drive off and need not be fearful of the -horse kicking or doing any damage while one -foot is up, nor can he kick or run fast enough to -do any harm. But you can now drive him as -you please. Should he want to run let him -have the lines and whip too, with perfect safety; -by doing this two or three times you will cure -him at once of running off. The horse will be -frightened at first, but he will soon see that you -do not want to hurt him and will not care anything -more about it. You can finally let down -the leg and drive off gently without any further -trouble.</p> - -<p>I will here give you another plan to break or -prevent a horse from kicking whilst working -him. Loop a strap or rope around the horse’s -hind leg, with one end and with the other end -fasten around the foreleg, allowing it just long<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_87" id="Page_87">[87]</a></span> -enough for him to make a step, in order to keep -the strap from dragging on the ground or being -in his way while walking. Pass a strap around -his back, letting it pass under his belly and -fasten it up in this way; this properly done will -soon conquer him, as it is impossible for him to -kick whilst the strap is to his legs.</p> - -<p>I will still give you another plan to prevent -a horse from kicking. Loop a strap around the -hind leg; let it pass through between the fore -legs, thence through the ring of the bridle bit, -allowing the strap just long enough for him to -make the step, now fasten the strap. You can -now drive off with safety, as it is utterly impossible -for him to kick or to do any harm. You -should pass a strap around the horse’s back and -fasten up the strap or rope to prevent it from -dragging on the ground.</p> - -<p>Another still to prevent a horse from kicking -when hitched up in shafts, if he will stand quiet -long enough to fasten in the shafts, when you -have him hitched up, loop a strong strap around -the shaft on the one side, let it pass over the -hips and fasten it to the shaft on the opposite -side; next fasten the strap to the harness at the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_88" id="Page_88">[88]</a></span> -top, so as to prevent it from slipping down; -you can now drive off with safety, as far as the -kicking is concerned; for he cannot kick to do -any harm if the strap stays firmly at its place, -and the vehicle heavy enough to prevent him -from raising it.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_89" id="Page_89">[89]</a></span></p> - -<h3>FOR THE BLACKSMITH.</h3> - -<p>If you have a horse which you cannot manage -to shoe, take up his leg as directed in the -kicking horse, and handle him awhile, patting -and rubbing all his legs, &c.; when he becomes -quiet, let his leg down to rest; then take it up -again and rub his legs as before, and let him -know what you are about to do to him; then -let his leg down and commence to shoe. Should -he be very fretful yet, and will not suffer you -to put on the shoe, you will meet with success -by making him lay down and perform as directed -in making the horse lay down.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_90" id="Page_90">[90]</a></span></p> - -<h3>CURE FOR BOTS.</h3> - -<p>Mix 1 pint honey with 1 quart sweet milk; -give as a drench; 1 hour after dissolve 1 oz. pulverized -copperas 1 pint of water, use as a drench; -then give 1 quart linseed oil; this cure is said -to be effectual. The principle of giving the -horse the sweet drench is good; it will generally -cause the bots to let loose and take a fill -of the sweet drench; then you should not fail -to give plenty of physic to carry them off.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_91" id="Page_91">[91]</a></span></p> - -<h3>HOW TO MAKE A HORSE FOLLOW YOU.</h3> - -<p>Put your horse into a large stable or small -yard; commence to gentle him a little, take -hold of the halter or bridle, turn him towards -you, touching him with a long whip; at the -same time lead him the length of the stable or -yard, rubbing him on the neck, face and head; -say to him gently as you lead, come along boy, -or better to use his name: whenever you turn, -touch him slightly with the whip, so as to make -him step up close to you; then gentle him again -with your hand as before; he will soon learn to -escape the whip and to be gentled with the hand; -he will soon learn to follow you around without -taking hold of the halter or bridle. Should he -stop or turn from you, give him a few cuts about -the hind legs; he will soon turn his head towards -you, when you must always gentle him with -your hand. A few lessons will make him follow -you or run after you if he sees the motion of the -whip; in a half hour he will follow you about -the stable or yard. After you have given him -3 or 4 lessons in this way, you can take into a -lot and from thence into the road, and he will -follow you any where and run after you.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_92" id="Page_92">[92]</a></span></p> - -<h3>HOW TO LEARN HIM TO STAND STILL.</h3> - -<p>Commence to gentle him with your hand about -the head, &c. Should he move give him a cut -with the whip and put him back in the same -place if he stands; gentle him with the hand as -before, and continue in this until you can get -around him without making him move; continue -walking around him, increasing your walk, -touching him occasionally; enlarging your circle -as you walk around, and if he should move, -give him a cut with the whip and put him again -in his place; if he stands go up to him frequently -and gentle him with your hand; then walk -around him again. Do not keep him in one -position too long at a time; permit him to come -to you and walk him around or about with you; -then stand him at another place, and continue -as before. Do not train him more than half an -hour at a time. You should never attempt to -train a horse to do more than one thing at a -time. Learn him the one which you have commenced -on well first; then in no case should you -attempt to learn him another under a week or -so, always using caution no matter what you -wish him to do or learn.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_93" id="Page_93">[93]</a></span></p> - -<h2>A LIST OF MEDICINES BELONGING TO THE HORSE,<br /> -<span class="smaller">THEIR PROPERTIES AND USE.</span></h2> - -<h3>ANTIMONY.</h3> - -<p>A compound of sulphor and antimony is a -good alterative. It is given with sulphor and -nitre in varying quantities.</p> - -<h3>SPASMODICS.</h3> - -<p>Of these opium stands first on our list, next -peppermint, tincture of pimento, turpentine, -camphor, asafœtida, &c.</p> - -<h3>SPIRITS OF CAMPHOR.</h3> - -<p>The spirits of camphor is made by taking 95 -per cent. alcohol, put in as much gum camphor -as it will dissolve.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_94" id="Page_94">[94]</a></span></p> - -<h3>VINEGAR.</h3> - -<p>Vinegar is a very useful application for sprains, -bruises, &c. Equal parts of boiling water and -cold vinegar will form a good fomentation; -extract of lead or bay salt may be added with -some advantage.</p> - -<h3>ALCOHOL—RECTIFIED SPIRITS.</h3> - -<p>This is used in making many tinctures and -other preparations; 3 or 4 ounces of which are -largely diluted with water, and given to a horse -that has become fatigued while on a journey, -will cause him to rally and cheerfully pursue -his course to the end of the day’s travel.</p> - -<h3>AQUA-FORTIS.</h3> - -<p>This is a valuable external application for -destroying fungus excrescences. A pledget of -tar should be dipped in the acid, then firmly -pressed on the cankerous surface. Every part -with which the acid comes in contact will be -deadened and slough off, when healthy granulations -spring up.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_95" id="Page_95">[95]</a></span></p> - -<h3>SULPHURIC ACID.</h3> - -<p>Sulphuric acid is a good application for the -thrush and canker, and in fact the only thing -that can be relied on. It is occasionally used -with tar in the proportion of an ounce of acid -to 1 pound of tar.</p> - -<h3>ALOES.</h3> - -<p>The Barbadoes aloes is the best for the horse. -They are of a dark brown color; they are very -useful for physic, and the dose is from ½ to 1 -ounce, which should be given immediately in -cases where it is needed. They are also very -useful in the form of a tincture, to make which -8 ounces of powdered aloes and 1 ounce of powdered -myrrh, put into 2 quarts of alcohol diluted -with an equal quantity of water. This mixture -should be well shaken once a day for a -fortnight, and be suffered to stand, in order that -the undissolved portion may fall to the bottom. -This constitutes an excellent application for -wounds, whether recent or of long standing and -indisposed to heal. It is not only a gentle stimulant -but it forms a thin coat over the wound, -and shields it from the action of the air.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_96" id="Page_96">[96]</a></span></p> - -<h3>ALUM.</h3> - -<p>Is occasionally used internally in cases of supurgation, -in the form of alum whey:—two -drachms of pulverized alum being put into a -pint of hot milk; yet there are much better astringents. -Its principal use is external. A -solution of 2 drachms to a pint of water makes -alone, or with the addition of a small quantity -of white vitriol, a very useful wash for cracked -heels, grease and those forms of swelled legs, -attended with moisture through the skin.</p> - -<h3>MURIATIC ACID OR SPIRITS OF SALT.</h3> - -<p>This acid is very strong and should be bottled -and corked tight. As soon as it touches any -muscular or living part, a change of color is -perceived. It is good for corns, canker thrush, -and for every case where caustic is needed, this -acid is unrivalled.</p> - -<h3>MUSTARD.</h3> - -<p>This will be found useful in inflammation of -the chest or bowels. When using, it should be -well rubbed on.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_97" id="Page_97">[97]</a></span></p> - -<h3>CANTHARIDES.</h3> - -<p>Are the basis of the most approved and useful -blister. In blistering, the hair should be cut -or rather shaved off close, then rubbing in the -ointment well for at least 15 minutes, repeating -it every day until it does its work. After it has -acted you may relieve the torture of the animal -by the application of olive oil or lard. In deep -seated sprains or inflammations, the blister -should not be discontinued too hurriedly. An -infusion of 2 ounces of the flies in a pint of oil -of turpentine for several days is used as a liquid -blister, and when sufficiently reduced with common -oil, is called a sweating oil, and gradually -abates or removes old or deep inflammation or -cause of lameness.</p> - -<h3>CHARCOAL.</h3> - -<p>This is occasionally used with linseed meal, -for poulticing offensive ulcers and cracked heels; -it removes the unwholesome smell and purifies -the parts so that they heal easily.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_98" id="Page_98">[98]</a></span></p> - -<h3>BALL OR PILLS.</h3> - -<p>The usual and most convenient mode of administering -medicines, is in the form of balls -compounded with sweet oil. Balls should never -weigh more than 1½ ounces, otherwise they will -be so large as not to pass down the gullet. They -should not be more than one inch in diameter, -and three inches in length. The mode of delivering -balls is not difficult to acquire. The -horse should be backed in the stall, the tongue -drawn out gently with the left hand on the off -side of the mouth, not continuing to pull, but -by pressing the finger against the lower jaw. -The ball being now taken between the tips of -the fingers of the right hand, is passed rapidly -up the mouth as near the palate as possible, until -it reaches the root of the tongue. It is then -delivered with a slight jerk, the hand being immediately -withdrawn. Its passage should be -watched down the left side of the throat; if it -does not pass down a slight tap under the jaw -or chin, will generally cause the horse to swallow -it, or a few gulps of water will convey in into -the stomach. Very few balls should be kept -made.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_99" id="Page_99">[99]</a></span></p> - -<h3>CLYSTERS.</h3> - -<p>These are useful and too often neglected means -of hastening the bowels to their speedy action, -where diseases require it. The old ox bladder -filled and tied on the wooden or elder pipe, answers -every purpose for injecting the fluid into -the intestines. For a moderate clyster take 2 -ounces of soft or yellow soap, mix with 1 gallon -of warm water; for a more active clyster take ½ -pound epsom salts, dissolve in the same quantity -of water.</p> - -<h3>LINSEED.</h3> - -<p>An infusion of linseed is often used instead -of water for the drink of a horse with a sore -throat, catarrh, disease of the urinary organs, -or of the bowels. Thin gruel is preferable, -being as soothing and more nutritious. Linseed -meal makes an excellent poultice for almost any -purpose.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_100" id="Page_100">[100]</a></span></p> - -<h3>DIGITALIS.</h3> - -<p>This should be powdered, put into a black -bottle, corked tight, and kept in a dark place. -It is one of the most valuable medicines in veterinary -practice, and on account of its action in -diminishing the pulse and general irritability -of the system, is very useful in inflammations, -&c. It is usually given in combination with -emetic tartar and nitre. The average dose is 1 -drachm of digitalis, 1½ drachms emetic tartar, -and 3 drachms of nitre, repeated twice or three -times a day. When the horse begins to amend -the dose must be diminished one-half, and in a -few days it may be omitted altogether, but the -emetic tartar and the nitre should be continued -during several days.</p> - -<h3>PITCH.</h3> - -<p>Is used in plasters. The best plaster for sand -crack consists of 1 pound of pitch and 1 ounce -of yellow beeswax melted together.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_101" id="Page_101">[101]</a></span></p> - -<h3>MASHES.</h3> - -<p>Constitute a very important provender in sickness -or health. A mash given occasionally to -a horse that is fed on dry meat, prevents him -from becoming dangerously costive. To the -over-worked and tired horse, nothing is so -refreshing as a warm mash, with his usual -allowance of corn in it. Mashes are used for -putting horses in good order for sale, giving him -a round and plump appearance. They are made -by pouring boiling water on bran, stirring it well; -cover over with a cloth, and let it remain until -cool enough for the horse to eat; if in the heat -of summer, a cold mash is preferable,—yet it -should be made with hot water, and remain -until it is cold.</p> - -<h3>GINGER.</h3> - -<p>Is as valuable as a cordial as the gentian is -as a tonic. These are both valuable in horse -powders.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_102" id="Page_102">[102]</a></span></p> - -<h3>FOMENTATIONS.</h3> - -<p>Are to open the pores of the skin and promote -perspiration in the part, so as to abate local -swellings, relieve pain and lessen inflammation. -The effect depends upon the warmth of the water -and not upon any herb that may have been -boiled in it; they are best applied by means of -flannel dipped in the hot water, or on which the -water is poured, which should be as hot as the -hand will bear. The fomentation should be -continued for 15 or 20 minutes, but if kept on -with for half an hour will be better. The parts -fomentated should be wrapped or covered up -warm. Great good has sometimes resulted from -fomentations.</p> - -<h3>GENTIAN.</h3> - -<p>Stands at the head of vegetable tonics, an -infusion of which is one of the best applications -for putrid ulcers known.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_103" id="Page_103">[103]</a></span></p> - -<h3>OPIUM.</h3> - -<p>Is the most valuable drug on the list as an -anti-spasmodic; it is also a sedative and astringent. -As an anti-spasmodic it enters into the -colic drink; as a sedative it relaxes spasms of -the muscular system. Opium should, however, -be given with caution. In the early acute stage -of fever it will be a bad practice to give it even -in the smallest quantity. When the fever has -passed it may be given with great benefit.</p> - -<h3>POULTICES.</h3> - -<p>Few persons are aware of the value of these -simple applications in abating inflammation, -relieving pain, cleansing wounds, and disposing -them to heal. In all inflammations of the foot -they are very beneficial, by softening the horn -hardened by the heat of the inflamed foot.—Linseed -meal forms the best general poultice.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_104" id="Page_104">[104]</a></span></p> - -<h3>DRINKS OR DRENCHES.</h3> - -<p>A drink is not so portable as a ball; it is more -troublesome to administer, and a portion of it -is usually wasted. Medicines given as a drench -will act upon the horse much quicker than when -given in balls, but the great objection is in wasting -a portion. Too much of the drink should -not be forced into the horse’s mouth at once, as -it will be found very difficult to make him swallow -large quantities; small portions should be -given, which he should be made to swallow before -any more is put into the mouth.</p> - -<h3>TAR.</h3> - -<p>Melted with an equal quantity of grease forms -the usual stopping of the farrier. It is warm -or slightly stimulant, and is therefore useful in -dressing bruised or wounded feet; it prevents -the penetration of dirt and water to the wounded -part; it is also useful in chronic coughs.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_105" id="Page_105">[105]</a></span></p> - -<h3>LINIMENTS.</h3> - -<p>Are designed to remove deep seated pain and -inflammation, by gently stimulating the skin. -The following is an excellent liniment for old -swellings, sprains, or rheumatism: 2 ounces of -hartshorn, 2 ounces camphorated spirits, 1 ounce -oil of turpentine, and ½ ounce of laudanum, -mixed well together; or 1 ounce of camphor may -be dissolved in 4 ounces of sweet oil, to which -may be added 1 ounce of oil of turpentine. A -little powdered cantharides or tincture of cantharides -or ground mustard, will render either -of these more powerful, or convert it into a -liquid blister.</p> - -<h3>SULPHUR.</h3> - -<p>Is the basis of the most effectual application -for mange. It is an excellent alterative, combined -usually with antimony and nitre, particularly -for mange, surfeit, grease, hidebound or -want of condition, and it is a useful ingredient in -the cough and fever ball.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_106" id="Page_106">[106]</a></span></p> - -<h3>COMMON SALT.</h3> - -<p>Is very useful in a clyster. A solution of it -has been given as an aperient drink, sprinkled -over hay or in mash, it is very palatable to sick -horses; few things will so soon recall the appetite -as a drink composed of 6 or 8 ounces of -salt in solution. Horses in health, it promotes -the digestion of the food. There are few better -lotions for inflamed eyes than a solution of ½ -ounce of salt, in 4 pints of water. An ounce of -salt to 8 pints of water is a good embrocation -for sore shoulders and back.</p> - -<h3>TURPENTINE.</h3> - -<p>The common liquid turpentine has been described -as one of the best diuretics; for the removal -of colic it stands unrivalled; with cantharides -it is the basis of the sweating blister -for old sprains and swellings.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_107" id="Page_107">[107]</a></span></p> - -<h3>CHLORIDE OF LIME.</h3> - -<p>This is very good for removing the smell of -fistula, withers, poll evil and ill conditioned -wounds and ulcerations. Chloride diluted with -twenty times its quantity of water, and used as -a wash for the wounds, will remove any infection -that may lurk about them. One pint of -the chloride, mixed with 3 gallons of water and -brushed over the walls, manger and rack of the -foulest stable, will completely remove all infections.</p> - -<h3>GINGER ROOT.</h3> - -<p>This is an excellent stimulant. It is useful -in loss of appetite and flatulent colic, while it -rouses the intestinal canal to its proper action. -The ginger and gentian powdered is also very -much used. Brown sugar is useful in the loss -of appetite.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_108" id="Page_108">[108]</a></span></p> - -<h3>ZINC OR CALAMINE POWDER.</h3> - -<p>This made into an ointment is valuable for -healing. Take five ounces of lard, one ounce -of rosin, melt them together and when these -begin to get cool, stir in 2 ounces of calamine, -finely powdered. If the wound is not healthy, -a small quantity of common turpentine may be -added. This salve justly deserves the name of -healing ointment. The calamine is sometimes -sprinkled with advantage on cracked heels.</p> - -<h3>THOMPSON’S NO. 6.</h3> - -<p>This is a good carminative for relieving colic, -arresting mortification, and for sprains, rheumatism, -pains, &c. As a general stimulant it -may be taken in teaspoonful doses in water and -repeated as the case demands. Take ½ gallon -of fourth proof brandy, ½ pound pulverized gum -myrrh and ½ ounce of African pepper, mix and -macerate for ten days, when it will be ready for -use.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_109" id="Page_109">[109]</a></span></p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_110" id="Page_110">[110]</a></span></p> - -<h2><span class="smaller">LIST OF</span><br /> -DOMESTIC MEDICINES<br /> -<span class="smaller">RECEIPTS, &c.</span></h2> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_111" id="Page_111">[111]</a></span></p> - -<h3>CEMENT TO MEND GLASS AND CHINA.</h3> - -<p>Take 2 pounds good gum, shellac, 2 ounces -pulverized borax; put into an earthen crock, -filled half full of water; boil until all is dissolved, -then take out a portion and roll into -sticks while hot, on a table or smooth board.</p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Directions for Use.</span></h4> - -<p>Heat the edges of the ware over a fire or hot -stove, then heat the cement in the same manner; -put the cement on the edges of the ware regularly, -heat it again along the edges and place -together as quick as possible, holding them firm -until the cement cools, being careful to put the -pieces together as they came off, so as it will fit -nicely. If done properly it will hold so firm -that the ware will break some other place before -where it has been mended.</p> - -<h3>LUNAR CAUSTIC.</h3> - -<p>Is very useful in curing bites of rabid dogs, -and for removing ulcerations of any kind.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_112" id="Page_112">[112]</a></span></p> - -<h3>AMERICAN HELEBORE.</h3> - -<h4><i>Medical Properties and Use.</i></h4> - -<p>This has been tried by many physicians and -has proved a valuable remedy in chronic rheumatism -and gout. It is certainly a powerful -emetic when given in large doses, and the effect -continues a long time. In over doses it effects -the functions of the brain and nervous system, -in a powerful manner producing giddiness, prostration -of strength, &c. It has arrested the -paroxysm of gout and given relief in some unyielding -cases of chronic rheumatism. It requires -to be given with great caution and under -vigilant restrictions. The mode of administration -is in the form of a tincture. A saturated -tincture is made in wine and 3 parts of this is -mixed with 1 of the wine of opium; of this -mixture from 15 to 20 drops. In some cases -however, 1 drachm of the mixture will be required -to give relief, which quantity generally -vomits and always gives relief. The proper -method of preparing this tincture is to macerate -8 ounces of the sliced root in 2½ pints of spanish<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_113" id="Page_113">[113]</a></span> -white wine, let it stand for 15 days and -filter. Before given, it must be mixed with one-fourth -its quantity of the wine of opium; from -15 to 60 drops is a dose. In some cases less -than the nauseating point will cure the disease, -if not it must be carried to that point.</p> - -<h3>EMETIC FOR POISON.</h3> - -<p>If poison should be administered or swallowed -accidentally, take two tablespoonsful of ground -mustard, mixed with warm water, which will -operate as an instantaneous emetic.</p> - -<h3>INDIAN TURNIP.</h3> - -<h4><i>Medical Properties and use.</i></h4> - -<p>The Indian turnip, when partially dried and -grated and mixed with honey, is good for the -coughs of old persons, when there is no fever. -It also enters into many of the cough syrups.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_114" id="Page_114">[114]</a></span></p> - -<h3>SENECA SNAKEROOT.</h3> - -<p>In chronic rheumatism it has been of great -service by its universal stimulant and diuretic -effects. If however an ounce of the root be boiled -in a pint of water to a strong tea, and all be -taken at once, a violent vomiting, purging and -diuresis occurs. The disease has been known -to yield to one dose, but this is a desperate one, -and should not be ventured upon by a person -much debilitated; take a wine glass full 3 times -until the water is evacuated in uterine complaints,—especially -in painful menstruation is -the seneca a good remedy. Begin one day before -the return of the catatmenia and take it in -such portions as the stomach will bear, every -two hours until the flow commences. For this -put 1 ounce of the root in a pint of water, give -a small wine glass full every one, two or three -hours.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_115" id="Page_115">[115]</a></span></p> - -<h3>CEMENT FOR GRAFTING.</h3> - -<p>Take 1 pound of beeswax, 1 pound of rosin, -1 pound of tallow; put all into a pan and heat -until the ingredients are melted, after cooling it -will be ready for use. When using put a coat -of the cement over the grafted part, thick enough -to prevent the rain and air from penetrating.</p> - -<h3>GUAIACUM, AMMONIATED TINCTURE.</h3> - -<p>Take 4 ounces powdered gum guaiacum, 1½ -pints spirits of amonia, put them together and -let the mixture stand for fourteen days, when it -will be ready for use. Shake the bottle occasionally. -This is a celebrated remedy in the -treatment of chronic rheumatism. The dose is -from one to two teaspoonsful three times a day, -given in milk or some mucilaginous tea. The -stomach must be well cleaned before the tincture -is used, and the diet light.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_116" id="Page_116">[116]</a></span></p> - -<h3>COMPOUND TINCTURE OF GENTIAN.</h3> - -<p>Take of gentian root bruised 2 ounces, orange -peel do. 2 ounces, cardamom seed do. ½ ounce, -proof whiskey 1 quart; add the other ingredients -to the whiskey, and shake the bottle once -a day for fourteen days, when it will be ready -for use. This is much used in dyspepsia and -debilitated states of the digestive organs. The -stomach should be cleaned before it is given. -It is not admissable where there is fever. Dose -from one to two teaspoonsful in water, to be repeated -before breakfast, dinner and supper.</p> - -<h3>OINTMENT FOR MILCH SCALD ON THE -FACES OF INFANTS.</h3> - -<p>Take 6 drachms of beefs marrow, 2 drachms -oil of sweet almonds, 1 drachm red peruvian -bark, powdered, mix and melt over a slow fire. -Apply every day, washing it off every morning -with mild soap.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_117" id="Page_117">[117]</a></span></p> - -<h3>SIMPLE TINCTURE OF RHUBARB.</h3> - -<p>Take of best Turkey rhubarb 3 ounces and -pulverize, good whiskey 1 quart, add the rhubarb -to the whiskey and shake it every day for -a week, then let it stand ten days and filter -through paper, or let it stand without filtering. -From a tea spoonful to a large table spoonful is -a dose according to the age of the person and -nature of the case. It is a good purgative in -costive habits. Take it at bed time in sweetened -water.</p> - -<h3>SIMPLE SYRUP OF RHUBARB.</h3> - -<p>Take of best Turkey rhubarb 2 ounces, water -1 pint, macerate the rhubarb in the water warm -for twenty-four hours; strain off, add 2 pounds -of refined white sugar and simmer until they -are well mixed, add 2 tablespoonsful of whiskey, -stop it tight in a bottle for use. This is a good -medicine for infants in teaspoonful doses.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_118" id="Page_118">[118]</a></span></p> - -<h3>AMERICAN COLUMBO.</h3> - -<h4><i>Medical Properties and Use.</i></h4> - -<p>This is a mild tonic, calculated to meet the -indications alike with the other bitters of its -class. It is a very good and pleasant tonic in -indigestion and dyspepsia, improving the appetite -and digestion. It is given in infusion and -in substance—1 ounce of the pulverized root infused -in a pint of boiling water. A small wine -glass full of the infusion may be taken once in -2 hours, or from thirty to sixty grains of the -pulverized substance, in sweetened water, from -3 to 5 times a day; but the most common way -of using the columbo is in combination with -other tonics, such as gentian, orange peel, and -columbo, of each 1 ounce powdered, then add -to them 1 quart of whiskey, of which bitters a -tablespoonful may be taken in water three -times a day, as a tonic in cases of debility.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_119" id="Page_119">[119]</a></span></p> - -<h3>BLACK ALDER.</h3> - -<p>The berries of this plant are sometimes used, -but the bark is the proper medicinal part of the -shrub. It is best adapted to the cure of flabby, -ill-conditioned ulcers and mortifications, in -which a strong decoction is freely used with -great benefit. It should be given internally -several times a day, as well as applied as a wash -and poultice to the parts. A saturated tincture, -both of the bark and berries is used internally.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_120" id="Page_120">[120]</a></span></p> - -<h3>THE PRICKLEY ASH.</h3> - -<h4><i>Its Medical Properties and Use.</i></h4> - -<p>The prickley ash has a good reputation in the -United States as a remedy in chronic rheumatism. -In that disease its operation seems analogous -to that of mazorion and guaiacum, which -it nearly resembles in its sensible properties. -Many physicians place so much confidence in it -that it is generally kept by the apothecaries. -It is most frequently given in decoction—an -ounce being boiled in a quart of water and -taken in small quantities, frequently repeated. -Dr. George Hayward, of Boston, took it in his -own case of chronic rheumatism with evidently -good effect; he took a pint of the decoction a -day, diluted with water so as to weaken its pungency. -The powdered bark may be taken in -doses of from 10 to 20 grains, and frequently -repeated. Dr. Bigelow says it is also given with -good effect in cases of old indolent sores; it is -given internally and applied to the sore in the -form of a wash. Doctors Barton and Thatcher -both speak highly of this medicine.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_121" id="Page_121">[121]</a></span></p> - -<h3>AMERICAN GENTRAURY.</h3> - -<h4><i>Its Medical Properties and Use.</i></h4> - -<p>Every part of this plant is a pure and very -strong bitter. It is used in form of tea or tincture -and is good for ague and fever. It was -used in the yellow fever at Philadelphia with -good effect. It may be given even when the -fever is on, in such quantities as the stomach -will bear. It is not apt to nauseate and is an -excellent tonic for the stomach, which improves -the appetite and promotes digestion. It is highly -recommended by Drs. Barton, Chapman and -Elliott, all of whom are physicians of high respectability.</p> - -<h3>DANDELINE.</h3> - -<p>Has been much employed in Germany and -the United States, and is certainly a valuable<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_122" id="Page_122">[122]</a></span> -remedy in chronic diseases of the liver and the -digestive organs generally. It is also a good -remedy in diseases of the spleen. It is beneficial -in consumption and as a general alterative -when combined with sarsaparilla, and invaluable -in scrofula. One ounce of the fresh root, -or ½ ounce of the dried, and the same quantity of -sarsaparilla put into a pitcher and a pint of -boiling water poured on it at night, to be used -at pleasure next day, so that all is taken before -bed time, or as much more as the stomach will -bear. This repeated for a month, produces a -fine effect on the system, when the blood needs -purifying or in cases of chronic affections of -the liver.</p> - -<h3>BLOOD ROOT OR PERCOON ROOT.</h3> - -<h4><i>Medical Properties and Use.</i></h4> - -<p>The blood root is an active emetic and cathartic, -which acts finely on the liver. It has been -given in pneumonia, catarrh, whooping cough,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_123" id="Page_123">[123]</a></span> -croup, consumption, rheumatism, jaundice and -dropsy of the chest. For rheumatism, it may -be given in 2 or 3 grain pills, 3 or 4 times a -day. It is an effectual remedy for the yellow -water in horses: 3 or 4 ounces of the fresh root -may be bruised and a pint of water added, the -juice of which should be squeezed out for a -drench; 1 or 2 doses will cure. It purges the -horse freely. The tincture is often used: 2 -ounces of the root to a quart of spirits makes -the tincture, ½ an ounce of which is a dose for -an adult.</p> - -<h3>BONESET OR THOROUGHWORT.</h3> - -<h4><i>Medical Properties and Use.</i></h4> - -<p>Thoroughwort is tonic, diaphoretic, and in -large doses emetic and purgative. It is good in -intermittent fevers to break the chill, if given in -large doses in the form of warm tea as the chill -comes on; in less doses a little warm it will -sweat the patient freely; in large draughts taken<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_124" id="Page_124">[124]</a></span> -cold it acts as a tonic and prevents the return of -the chill. It is good in pleurisy as a sweat or -in heavy colds; it is also good when made into -a syrup for bad coughs, and in some forms of -consumption, where the patient is weak and the -skin hot and dry. It grows in almost every -part of the United States, but mostly in the -Western and Southern divisions, and should be -gathered in September. Every part of the plant -is medicinal, but the leaves and flowers are best. -It should always be given in the form of a tea.</p> - -<h3>BITTER ROOT OR SILKWEED.</h3> - -<h4><i>Medical Properties and Use.</i></h4> - -<p>The root is the part used in the form of bitters -in asthma and catarrh, also coughs and -dyspepsia and in rheumatism. It may be taken -in the form of bitters in quantities sufficient to -purge gently and freely, or in powder in 20 -grain doses, 3 times a day, or it may be given -in strong infusion, 1 ounce of the root to a pint -of water and drink in such doses as the stomach -will bear.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_125" id="Page_125">[125]</a></span></p> - -<h3>PLEURISY ROOT.</h3> - -<h4><i>Medical Properties and Use.</i></h4> - -<p>It has long been employed by the regular medical -faculty as a valuable medicine in pleurisy, -catarrh, pneumonia, consumption and other diseases -of the breast, and is evidently useful in all -these cases. It is good in acute rheumatism and -dyspepsia. It may be given in the form of a -strong tea, or in powder; if in powder from 20 -to 60 grains may be given several times a day, -in sweetened water.</p> - -<h3>EXTEMPORE GASEOUS CHALYBEATE -WATER.</h3> - -<p>Take of pure sulphate of iron 2 drachms, -white sugar 3 drachms, pulverize, mix and divide -into 12 powders. Then take of super carbonate -of soda 2 drachms, white sugar three -drachms, mix and divide into 12 powders. Mix -one of each of the powders separately in half a<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_126" id="Page_126">[126]</a></span> -tumblerful of water, pour together and drink -while effervescing. This is a pleasant drink and -a good tonic for a weak stomach.</p> - -<h3>GENTIAN.</h3> - -<h4><i>Medical Properties and Use.</i></h4> - -<p>Gentian possesses in a high degree the tonic -properties which characterize the simple bitters. -It excites the appetite, invigorates the powers -of digestion. It may be used in all cases of -disease depending upon pure debility of the -digestive organs, or requiring a general tonic -impression; as dyspepsia, gout, difficult menstruations, -hysteria, scrofula, intermittent fever, -diarrhœa, and worms. It is given in the form -of infusion or tincture. The dose in infusion is -a wine glassful 3 or 4 times a day. Infuse ½ -ounce of the powdered root in a pint of water. -A tea spoonful of the tincture may be given as -often in a little water.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_127" id="Page_127">[127]</a></span></p> - -<h3>RATTLEWEED ROOT.</h3> - -<p>This unites with a tonic power the property -of stimulating the secretions, particularly those -of the skin, kidneys and mucus membrane of -the lungs. Its medical properties are found in -its salutary effects upon the nervous system, in -neuralgia of the heart, in sciatica, and in other -forms of rheumatism. It is equal if not superior -to the colchicum in rheumatism, and far -superior to it in neuralgia of any description. -I have used it extensively in those cases, and -with the happiest effects. I cured myself of a -severe sciatica in twenty-four hours with it, but -the dose was too large, producing violent sickness, -great prostration, nausea, vomiting and -profuse perspiration. I took 3 or 4 drachms of -the saturated tincture at one dose; but it effects -the cure completely when properly prepared. -It acts upon the stomach and bowels powerfully, -and its full effects are not obtained until it -purges freely. The following is the best formula -for its preparation.</p> - -<ul> -<li>½ pound powdered root,</li> -<li>1 pint alcohol.</li> -</ul> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_128" id="Page_128">[128]</a></span></p> - -<p>Mix and macerate for 20 days and filter. One -tea spoonful should be taken 3 times a day, in -sweetened water, which may be increased or -diminished so as to produce 3 or 4 operations on -the bowels in 24 hours. I have seen some persons -that it would not purge. It sometimes -produces vertigo before it begins to operate, but -these symptoms will all subside after the purging -commences, yet it will cure if it does not -purge. Several cases of Vitus’ Dance are recorded -by Dr. Jesse Young, in which it performed -cures after other remedies had failed.—It -is usually administered in decoction by those -living in the country. One ounce of the powdered -root is boiled in a pint of water for a few -minutes, and a small wine glassful given from -3 to 5 times a day according to its effects.</p> - -<h3>PIPSISSEWAY OR WINTER GREEN.</h3> - -<p>This is an evergreen found in pine woods and -in light shady soils in all parts of the United -States, which blossoms in mid summer. The -whole plant has rather a pungent and bitter -taste.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_129" id="Page_129">[129]</a></span></p> - -<h4><i>Medical Properties and Use.</i></h4> - -<p>It is diuretic and tonic and is useful in all -eruptive forms of diseases, especially in scrofula -and cancer. A strong decoction may be made -of the leaves and twigs, and a gill taken 3 times -a day. Many cures of old ulcers, sore throats -and like affections have been ascribed to the use -of the pipsisseway. A decoction made of the -leaves and given in small portions is excellent -for colic in children. For grown persons it -should be put in good rye whiskey, which, if -made strong will seldom fail to cure the severest -cases of colic and cramps. The pipsisseway put -into whiskey and distilled the same as Wickey’s -cholera medicine is much better. Dose for an -adult is from 1 to 3 tablespoonsful, for children -from 10 drops to a teaspoonful.</p> - -<h3>TO THE CONSUMER.</h3> - -<p>If you want to save money never buy your -castor oil by the bottle, but buy a pint of oil of -some honest druggist, and you will then be able -to perceive the difference. If put up in bottles<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_130" id="Page_130">[130]</a></span> -it will cost you from 50 to 62½ cents; by the -pint it may cost you 31 cents per pint. This is -a great saving, as the article is always needed -in a family. Never buy any other medicine or -any thing that goes by measurement in small -quantities, and especially such articles as come -into every day use. Paying from 40 to 100 per -cent. more for domestic articles will amount to a -considerable sum in 5 or 10 years. Some persons -may say: “I am too poor and cannot spare -the money.” That kind of argument will not -hold good. By saving 50 or 100 per cent. is -the means to make you able. Try the experiment -and you will soon be convinced; money is -worth but 6 per cent.</p> - -<h3>FOR PICKLING PEARS.</h3> - -<p>Take 1 pound of sugar to one quart of vinegar; -6 pounds of pears, peeled and quartered; ½ -ounce of cinnamon bark, broken in small pieces; -½ ounce of cloves. Dissolve the sugar in the -vinegar, then put the pears, cinnamon and cloves -into a pot or crock, pour over the vinegar and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_131" id="Page_131">[131]</a></span> -boil all together until the pears become soft, and -you have a pickel far superior to any preserves. -This is worth giving a trial. Should the pears -be too sweet, add a little vinegar at any time, -heating after the addition.</p> - -<h3>ON THE PRESERVATION OF HEALTH.</h3> - -<p>As this work is designed for the benefit of -families as well as other purposes, it is hoped -that a chapter on the preservation of the health -of young girls will not be out of place. What -we design to say in this chapter, will be applicable -to the girl of ten years and upwards. It -is the duty of the mother or guardian so to direct -the conduct of the daughter that she may -enjoy the blessings of life, and become a useful -member of society. But in order to lay the -foundation of future usefulness, the health -should be well guarded in early life. Much of -course depends upon a good constitution, and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_132" id="Page_132">[132]</a></span> -strict attention should be paid to its development -and preservation. The child at an early -age should be guarded against all that would -tend to weaken or derange this desirable attribute -of the human system.</p> - -<p>Exposure is one of the principal sources of -injury to the constitution, and therefore the -clothing should always be adapted to the season -of the year, and the temperature of the air, -whether children are at home or abroad. Girls -are generally clothed sufficiently warm while at -home, but when they are going from home, they -change their warm apparel for thinner and cooler -garments. They are often allowed to expose -themselves to the chilling blasts of winter, with -their arms naked, their breasts and shoulders -exposed, and their feet clad with thin stockings -and shoes, in the place of those just laid -aside, which were warm and comfortable.—This -is a practice that cannot be too much -deprecated, being one of the great evils of dress -and fashion, upon whose altar thousands have -been sacrificed. How many do we find in these -days with enlarged tonsils and broken croaking -voices, the fruits of exposure and nothing else?</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_133" id="Page_133">[133]</a></span></p> - -<p>The practice of tight lacing is another fruitful -cause of destruction of health and broken-down -constitutions. Young girls should not -lace at all—an easy smooth jacket to make the -dress fit smoothly is all they should wear. Are -we asked why lacing is injurious? We answer, -first, the ribs are soft and very elastic and the -cartilages that join them to the breast bone are -softer than the ribs. If then a jacket or corset -be laced around the ribs or chest, so as to prevent -a free and full play of the ribs at every inspiration, -in the same proportion is the cavity -of the chest diminished, and consequently the -lungs are deprived of a certain amount of atmospheric -air, in proportion to the contraction -of the ribs, produced by the laced jacket or corset. -Thus the order of nature is deranged and -the system is deprived of that due proportion of -oxygen which is necessary to health, the vitality -of blood and the vigor and proper proportions -of the system. One of the consequences of tight -lacing therefore is, that the lungs are prevented -from discharging a due portion of carbonic acid -gas from the blood, and receiving in lieu therefor -of due proportion of oxygen from the atmosphere.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_134" id="Page_134">[134]</a></span> -Hence the person looks pale, the lips -assume a blue or purplish color, the breathing is -labored, the breast heaves and the circulation -is prevented from going on as freely as it should. -The small air vessels of the lungs are partially -obliterated, they become diseased in their action -and tubercles form in them or the lungs; these -remain to become in a few years the seeds of an -incurable consumption.</p> - -<p>Again: The free action of the heat is prevented -by tight lacing and the consequence is it -labors like a dying man, but in vain—it cannot -get relieved from its fetters. The blood is prevented -from flowing with that freedom and ease -which are essential to the well being of the system, -and the violent exertions which the heart -must make in order to carry on the circulation, -become the cause of disease in that organ, which -perhaps can never be cured. Another evil of -lacing: The stomach is always included in the -deadly grasp of the corset. The lower floating -ribs are forced to take the place the stomach -should occupy in part; the skirts are compelled -to grow too narrow, the liver is also pressed too -closely and the stomach is bound as with a cord.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_135" id="Page_135">[135]</a></span> -The gastric juice is partly prevented from secreting -and that which is secreted is unhealthy, the -ducts of the liver and pancreatic gland are prevented -from performing their healthy functions -and consequently the food is not taken in due -quantity to nourish the system, and what is -taken is not properly digested, for the want of -a free and healthy action of the digestive functions. -Dyspepsia is the result,—a feeble and -finally a destroyed constitution. For all the -powers of nature must act freely and naturally, -or a sound constitution and good health can -never be enjoyed.</p> - -<p>Nothing is so fascinating to an intellectual -young man as a well cultivated mind, a rosy -cheek, an intellectual eye, and a corresponding -expression of countenance; these you cannot -have if you suppress any of the healthy functions -of the system. Exercise is another essential -item to promote the health of girls, and -this they should be allowed to take freely. At -an early age, let them run and play, jump the -rope, throw the hoop, leap and skip; for free -exercise gives freedom to the muscles and joints -and strengthens the nerves, all of which are<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_136" id="Page_136">[136]</a></span> -necessary for the building up of a good constitution. -Girls should be allowed to sleep one-third -of their time or eight hours in twenty-four, -and when younger—they should sleep more. -The young of all the animal creation require -more sleep than those that are fully grown: -girls, therefore, should retire early that they -may obtain sleep enough; rise early and enjoy -the benefit of the morning air, which is bracing -to their systems. After children are ten years -old, they should not sleep more than two in a -bed, and there should not be more than two beds -in a room, unless the room be very large and -well ventilated. Girls should rise early and -air and set their rooms in order; they should -use free ablution of cold water over their breasts -and arms, especially as far as they are in the -habit of exposing them to the air, as this will -prevent their taking cold as easily as they otherwise -would. The diet of children should be -plain and simple, as their digestive powers are -not as strong as those of grown persons. The -quantity should always be proportioned to the -age and strength of the child. Much mischief -is done by letting children eat too much. They<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_137" id="Page_137">[137]</a></span> -should be allowed full time to eat and be taught -to chew their victuals well. They should be -taught to eat any thing that is common, so that -they may appear easy at table at all times, and -make their friends so likewise. Frequent bathing -is of great service to youth; it invigorates -the constitution and gives a fine complexion. -The bath may be changed according to the season; -it may be cold, tepid or salt. When the -cold bath is used, either fresh or salt, the skin -should be well rubbed with a coarse towel, as -well before they go into the bath, as after they -come out. When children are healthy liquid -food is as a general rule, better for them than -solid food, because it supplies more blood, and -this is needed to form and build up the solids, -but they should be allowed some of both.</p> - -<p>Children should always take light suppers -and light breakfasts. Their dinner should be of -more substantial food and taken freely. But -they should never be allowed to eat in haste, as -nothing aids the powers of digestion more than -the perfect mastication of food.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_138" id="Page_138">[138]</a></span></p> - -<h3>HEALTH.<br /> -<span class="smcap">Its Value, Conditions, Preservation and Restoration.</span></h3> - -<p>Health consists in the vigorous and normal -or constitutional action of all the physical organs -and functions. Life consists in precisely -the same action: in proportion to the vigor of -this action is the amount of both health and life, -but in proportion as the physical functions are -enfeebled or diseased, is health enfeebled and -life diminished. But in proportion as we improve -our health do we thereby increase life -itself. Viewed in any and every aspect, health -is life and life is health. By as much therefore -as life is valuable should health be preserved if -good and restored if feeble.</p> - -<p>Health is the great seasoner or relish of all -our blessings; nor is it possible to enjoy the latter -except by means of the former: without -health what can we be? What can we do?—What -can we enjoy? For other things being -equal, our capabilities of accomplishing and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_139" id="Page_139">[139]</a></span> -enjoying are proportioned to our health and -diminished by disease. If we possessed all the -wealth, and all the honors, and all the blessings -mortals can possess, we could enjoy them only -in proportion as we had health, and their value -would be diminished just in proportion to its -decline. Suppose we were sick and our appetite -thereby destroyed, the richest food and most -delicious fruits, instead of rendering us happy -would nauseate us. How different if we were -healthy. How a good appetite, the produce of -health, would enjoy them. Well might the -glutted alderman offer a ragged boy a guinea -for his appetite for breakfast. The rich invalid -is poor, but he who is healthy is rich, because -his fund of life and his capacities for enjoyment -are proportionally great. Reader, if brought -to the brink of the grave, your last hour come, -what would you give? What that you possessed -would you not give for another year of life and -its pleasures? Astor’s thirty millions would be -cheap. To impair health in obtaining any -amount of earthly goods is a dear exchange, -since then to preserve or regain health is to preserve, -prolong or regain life itself, and to impair<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_140" id="Page_140">[140]</a></span> -the former is to destroy the latter and its pleasures, -as well as hasten death; and since the -value of life so infinitely surpasses that of all -other earthly blessings, what consummate folly to -trifle with health on any account. Then how -much more foolish and even wicked virtually to -throw it away for nothing, in our eager pursuit -of those trifling objects, wealth, honors, and the -like, which mainly engrosses mankind? What, -sacrifice life upon the altar of mammon? For -be it remembered, that no human being can impair -his health at any period of his life, without -proportionally shortening his days; without -being brought to a strict account at the close of -life, and he compelled to end it as much sooner -than he otherwise would, as he has injured his -health during his whole lifetime. Let me urge -upon you the infinite importance of preserving -your health. This effectually done, millions of -money bestowed on each reader could not equally -benefit you, because of the incomparable greater -value of health than money. Let your own experience -testify. Which of you has not, some -time or some how, induced debility or pain in -one portion of your system or another, which<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_141" id="Page_141">[141]</a></span> -will cripple you for life. A foolish ambition -breaks down the constitution of an incalculable -number of our youths, unwilling to be outdone -they will work at the top of their strength as -long as they can stand, perhaps over heat themselves, -or in a single day or week bring on some -complaint which debilitates them for life, and -carries them to a premature grave. An ambitious -youth wishing to show his employers what -a great day’s work he could do, shovelled till he -lamed his side, so that for fifteen years he has -been a partial invalid, cannot do any kind of -work, nor more than half the amount he formerly -did, besides working in almost perpetual -pain. Nor is this the half; whatever enfeebles -the health enfeebles the mind by weakening and -disordering the brain. So perfectly are body -and brain inter related, that all the conditions -of either react upon each other; whatever augments -the health, strengthens the body and -thereby invigorates both the brain and the mind. -What is the true value of the mind? How much -could you afford to give for double the amount -you now possess? Neither money nor any thing -else can measure its value. To improve our<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_142" id="Page_142">[142]</a></span> -minds is the most effectual mode possible of -augmenting all the capabilities, all the pleasure, -all the virtue of this life, and ripening for -another, and hence should be the paramount -business of our whole lives. Health allows you -to be always on hand for business, from which -sickness takes you and compels you to entrust -its management to others, always disastrous, or -cuts off your wages if a laborer, creates large -doctors, nurses and a host of other incidental -bills, and occasions a great variety of pecuniary -losses. So measurably if any member of your -family is sick, especially a wife. How many, -reader, if they and their families had always -been well, would have been rich who are now -poor? Considered which ever way you will, to -preserve the health if it be good, and if poor -to regain and then preserve, should be the paramount -business of life, should take precedence -over all others, and be our first great concern. -Come then readers one and all and let us make it -our permanent business to preserve and augment -our health; let us allow ourselves to do nothing -that shall impair it; let us make and take time -to do every thing in our power to invigorate it.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_143" id="Page_143">[143]</a></span></p> - -<h3>HOW TO PROLONG LIFE.</h3> - -<p>The following should be carefully perused -especially by the young. Are there any among -you my young friends, who desire to preserve -your health and cheerfulness through life, and -at length arrive at a good old age? If so listen -to what I am about to tell you.</p> - -<p>A considerable time ago I read in one of the -newspapers of the day, that a man had died near -London at the advanced age of 110 years, that -he had never been ill, and that he had maintained -through life, a cheerful, happy temperament. -I wrote immediately to London to -know if in the man’s treatment of himself there -had been any peculiarity which had rendered -his life lengthened and so happy, and the answer -I received was as follows:</p> - -<p>“He was unusually kind and obliging to every -body; he quarreled with no one; he ate and drank -merely that he might not suffer from hunger or -thirst and never beyond what necessity required; -from his earliest youth he never allowed himself -to be unemployed; these were the only means -he used.”</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_144" id="Page_144">[144]</a></span></p> - -<p>I took a note of this in a little book where I -generally write all that I am anxious to remember, -and very soon afterwards I observed in -another paper that a woman had died near -Stockholm at 115 years of age; that she never -was ill, and was always of a contented disposition. -I immediately wrote to Stockholm to -learn what means the old woman had used for -preserving her health, and now read the answer:</p> - -<p>“She always had a great love of cleanliness, -and in the daily habit of washing her face, -hands and feet in cold water, and as often as -opportunity offered she bathed in the same.—She -never ate or drank any delicacies or sweet-meats, -seldom coffee, seldom tea, and never wine.”</p> - -<p>Of these likewise I took a note in my little -book. Sometime after this I read that near St. -Petersburg, a man died who had enjoyed good -health until he was 120 years old. Again I -took my pen and wrote to St. Petersburg, and -here is the answer:</p> - -<p>“He was an early riser, and never slept beyond -seven hours at a time; he never was idle; -he employed himself chiefly in the open air, and -particularly in his garden; whether he walked<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_145" id="Page_145">[145]</a></span> -or sat in his chair he never permitted himself -to sit awry or in a bent posture, but was always -perfectly straight. The luxurious and effeminate -habits of citizens he held in contempt.”</p> - -<p>After having read all this from my little book -I said to myself: “you will be a foolish man -indeed not to profit by the example and experience -of these old people.” I then wrote out all -that I had been able to discover about these -happy old people upon a card, which I suspended -over my writing desk, so that I might always -have it before my eyes to remind me what to do, -and from what I should refrain. Every morning -and evening I read over the contents of my -card and obliged myself to conform to its rules.</p> - -<p>And now my dear young readers, I can assure -you on the word of an honest man, that I am -much happier and in better health than I used -to be. Formerly I had the headache every day -and now I suffer scarcely once in three or four -months. Before I began these rules I hardly -dare to venture out in the rain or snow without -catching cold. In former times a walk of half -an hour’s length fatigued and exhausted me, now -I walk miles without weariness. Imagine then<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_146" id="Page_146">[146]</a></span> -the happiness I experience, for there are few -feelings so cheering to the spirits as those of -constant good health and vigor. But, alas! there -is something in which I cannot imitate these -happy old people, and that is I have not been -accustomed to all this from my youth. Oh! that -I were young again that I might imitate them -in all things; that I might be happy and long-lived -as they were.</p> - -<p>Little children who read this, you are the -fortunate ones who are able to adopt in perfection -this kind of life. What then prevents -your living henceforward as healthful and happily -as the old woman of Stockholm or as long -and useful as the old men of London and St. -Petersburg.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_147" id="Page_147">[147]</a></span></p> - -<h3>LIQUID OPODELDOC.</h3> - -<p>Take ½ pint 95 per cent. alcohol, 1 ounce -camphor, ½ pint turpentine; dissolve the camphor -in the alcohol; then add the turpentine. -For rheumatism, head ache, sore throat, old -strains, swellings, cramps, numbness, stiffness, -weakness, pains in the joints, corns, slight burns, -frost bitten feet, &c.</p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Directions for Use.</span></h4> - -<p>Rub it well on the part affected with your -hand or a piece of muslin, night and morning, -and if convenient, at noon. In obstinate cases -avoid as much as possible exposure to a damp -atmosphere, to the extremes of heat and cold. -Keep the feet dry and comfortable, and be temperate -in eating and drinking. For corns, lay -a piece of flannel on them and moisten occasionally -with the opodeldoc, avoid tight shoes. -Travellers and families ought always to keep -a bottle by them; it only requires a trial to -prove its efficacy; keep the bottle closely stopped. -In some cases of rheumatism and other -affections, if a piece of flannel be worn over the -part, relief will be obtained sooner.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_148" id="Page_148">[148]</a></span></p> - -<h3><span class="smcap">Dr.</span> WICKEY’S CHOLERA MEDICINE.</h3> - -<ul> -<li>Take 2 ounces Formentilla,</li> -<li><span class="ditto1">“</span> 2 <span class="ditto1">“</span> Devil Bit,</li> -<li><span class="ditto1">“</span> 2 <span class="ditto1">“</span> Bimbornella,</li> -<li><span class="ditto1">“</span> 2 <span class="ditto1">“</span> Bistorda,</li> -<li><span class="ditto1">“</span> 2 <span class="ditto1">“</span> Angelica,</li> -<li><span class="ditto1">“</span> 2 <span class="ditto1">“</span> Gentiana,</li> -<li><span class="ditto1">“</span> 2 <span class="ditto1">“</span> Zedary,</li> -<li><span class="ditto1">“</span> 2 <span class="ditto1">“</span> Valerian,</li> -<li><span class="ditto1">“</span> 2 <span class="ditto1">“</span> Elecampane,</li> -<li><span class="ditto1">“</span> 2 <span class="ditto1">“</span> Calamos,</li> -<li><span class="ditto1">“</span> 2 <span class="ditto1">“</span> Rue or other bitter herb.</li> -</ul> - -<p>Pulverize these as fine as possible, put them -into one gallon of French brandy of the best -quality, or best fourth-proof old rye whiskey; -brandy is best—put the whole into a bottle or -jar—a bottle is best if one can be had large -enough at the top, which must be closed; then -place the bottle or jar in the sand, which should -be at least two inches deep at the bottom of the -kettle or crock; fill in sand to come above the -drugs when settled, and put under it a slow fire,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_149" id="Page_149">[149]</a></span> -so as to keep it warm but not to boil. Let it digest -for fourteen days and filter the whole of it -through fine flannel several times, so as to separate -the drugs well; then put in each gallon -2 ounces spirits of camphor and 2 ounces spirits -saffron, when it will be ready for use.</p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Directions for Use.</span></h4> - -<p>For preventing cholera: first take one tablespoonful -in the morning, fasting on cold water, -one at noon, and one at night. Second, for an -attack or symptoms take from 2 to 3 tablespoonsful -every 5, 10 or 15 minutes, as the case may -require, until relieved, when the doses may be -lessened, or not so often. Let the patient go to -bed and keep warm and quiet as possible until -relieved. Third, for the third stage or relapse, -vomiting and pain in the stomach, take from 2 -to 4 tablespoonsful every 5 or 10 minutes, as the -case may be, until relieved or thrown into a -sweat; cover up warm, and if cold apply plenty -of hot bricks or bottles with hot water in, to -the feet, hands, body, &c. mustard plaster on -the stomach, rubbing with the hand, some stimulant,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_150" id="Page_150">[150]</a></span> -as not a moment’s time should be lost -when the cold chill comes on. Fourth stage -or relapse, attended with cold sweats and rice -water discharges, take large doses every 3 or 5 -minutes; continue until the patient becomes -warm and easier. No time should be lost at -this stage of the disease. Apply hot bricks, -bottles, &c. as before directed; when relieved the -doses may be less and not so often—say from ½ -hour to 6 hours; continue 3 or 4 days as the case -may require, and do not fail to keep the patient -warm, &c.</p> - -<p>For bilious or cramp colic, cholera morbus, -flux, bilious fever, &c. administer doses as above. -Let the patient go to bed and keep as quiet -as possible until relieved. In severe cases of -cholera morbus, a mustard plaster should be -placed over the stomach, which must be kept on -as long as it can be borne. Travellers and families -should not be without this medicine, as it -as considered by all who have used it to be the -safest and surest remedy for the above disease -ever introduced. Take a friend’s advice and -never be without this remedy, as it was never -known to fail in curing what it is recommended<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_151" id="Page_151">[151]</a></span> -to do. Give it a fair trial, and its efficacy will -soon be seen. By strictly obeying the directions -it is perfectly safe and harmless; it is also -good in sick stomachs, &c.</p> - -<p>This medicine, when persevered in according -to directions, will effectually cure cholera in all -its stages, and all that it is recommended to do, -which can be attested by certificates from many -persons. By adding the tincture of cayenne you -will find this medicine effectual in cramp colic; -add the tincture until as strong as it can be -taken.</p> - -<p>To be more plain and simple,—in making of -the cholera medicine, if in the summer you can -set the bottle or jar in the sun, which should be -when the sun is very warm, letting it remain -some 3 or 4 weeks—the longer you distil, the -better the medicine. If in the winter season, -you can place your crock on the top of the stove, -keeping the fire regular, so as not to boil—if -you distil until reduced one-third, it will be -much stronger and better.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_152" id="Page_152">[152]</a></span></p> - -<h3>CERTAIN REMEDY FOR RHEUMATISM.</h3> - -<p>Take of sarsaparilla root, coltsfoot root, or -wild ginger root, sassafras root, dogwood root, -yellow poplar root, prickley ash root, spicewood -root, one handful of each, when dried, as much -as you can hold in one hand; cut the bark off of -the roots and pulverize as fine as you can, except -the sarsaparilla, which must be cut in very -small pieces; then put the whole in one gallon -of best fourth-proof old rye whiskey, and let it -stand for 1 or 2 weeks; but should you wish to -use immediately, set the vessel containing the -ingredients on the stove, and keep just warm for -2 or 3 days, when it will be fit for use.</p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Directions for Use.</span></h4> - -<p>Take from 1 to 3 tablespoonsful 3 times a day, -one hour before meals. It may be taken 5 or 6 -times a day provided it does not affect the nerves -too much. It is perfectly safe and has cured -more cases of rheumatism than any other remedy -introduced.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_153" id="Page_153">[153]</a></span></p> - -<p>I will cite one or two cases where it effected -complete cures: Mr. Joshua Deer, who had been -in a most helpless condition for a long time, -and had tried many other remedies in vain, was -cured in five days after he commenced using it, -so as to be able to take a ride on horseback, -which can be certified by a number of persons -living in the neighborhood. Any one doubting -the above, can have it proven to their satisfaction -by addressing Ezra Deer, or Henry Gross, -who was cured by it in less time.</p> - -<p>Let it be understood that there never was -a preparation that would cure all cases: no, not -one-fourth, therefore I have given a number of -preparations, so that if one fail, others may -prove efficacious, though the above remedy occupies -the head of the list in our own estimation. -Never give up any one remedy until you -have given it a fair trial. “He that holds out -faithfully shall be saved.”</p> - -<p>This medicine can be distilled the same as -the cholera medicine, bottled up and kept for -years. Mr. Joshua Deer, was cured with the -distilled. Henry Gross and others used it in -liquor. You must keep from labor and exposure,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_154" id="Page_154">[154]</a></span> -while using the above and be careful not -to eat any thing greasy, or that which will not -agree with you.</p> - -<h3>FOR RHEUMATISM.</h3> - -<p>Take 1 ounce of saltpetre, 1 quart of ale—if -ale cannot be had take whiskey or water—dissolve -the saltpetre in the ale.</p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Directions for Use.</span></h4> - -<p>Take 1 wine glassful before breakfast, 1 before -dinner, 1 before going to bed, and continue -until relieved. Should the second quart do no -good, stop taking it. You must keep from labor -and exposure while using the above. Mr. Dill -was cured by this remedy, who had suffered for -more than a year constantly.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_155" id="Page_155">[155]</a></span></p> - -<h3>FOR RHEUMATISM.</h3> - -<p>Take 1 ounce of sulphur, 1¼ ounces of saltpetre, -½ ounce of gum guscomb, 2 nutmegs, the -whole to be finely pulverized, to which add 12 -ounces of molasses.</p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Directions for Use.</span></h4> - -<p>Take 1 tea spoonful every night before going -to bed, but if it should act too free on the bowels, -the quantity must be diminished.</p> - -<h3>LINIMENT FOR RHEUMATISM.</h3> - -<p>Take 1 ounce of spirits of camphor, 1 ounce -turpentine, 1 ounce sweet oil, 1 drachm oil of -juniper, 1 drachm carbonate of hartshorn, mix -these perfectly, and apply three times a day, -rubbing it in by the stove or fire with the palm -of the hand for 15 minutes.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_156" id="Page_156">[156]</a></span></p> - -<h3>LINIMENT FOR RHEUMATISM</h3> - -<p>Take 2 ounces of saltpetre, 2 ounces spirits of -hartshorn, 8 ounces of sweet oil. Pulverize the -saltpetre as fine as possible, and mix with the -spirits of hartshorn, letting it dissolve, then add -the sweet oil. Bathe and rub in with the palm -of the hand for 15 minutes, at the fire or stove, -wrap with flannel if possible. If not strong -enough you may add hartshorn, if too strong -add sweet oil. This is considered the best liniment -ever introduced for the purpose. Use -freely.</p> - -<h3>LINIMENT FOR RHEUMATISM OR NEURALGIA.</h3> - -<p>Take 8 cayenne pepper pods, and 1 pint of -whiskey, boil over a fire until it is reduced to -one-half the quantity, when it will be ready for -use. Bathe the parts affected with the liniment -three times a day. This liniment has often -relieved where other remedies have failed.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_157" id="Page_157">[157]</a></span></p> - -<h3>NERVE AND BONE LINIMENT.</h3> - -<p>For Swellings, Bruises, Chapped Hands, Frosted -Feet, Rheumatism, Cuts, Burns, Mosquito -Bites, Stings, Pains in the Limbs, Back, Chest, -&c. Take 1 ounce spirits of hartshorn, 1 ounce -spirits camphor, 1 ounce saltpetre, 1 tea spoonful -sweet oil, 2 teaspoonsful laudanum; put all -into a bottle, shake and mix well and it is ready -for use. Bathe in at a fire 3 tablespoonsful 3 -times a day, rubbing with the hand for 15 minutes. -Put the liniment into a bottle, and keep -it corked tight. Never pour out more than one -table spoonful at a time, being careful to keep -the bottle corked tight. This liniment is far -superior to any other in use, and you can -make as much for 10 cents as you generally buy -for 50 cents. Try the experiment and see for -yourself.</p> - -<p>The spirits of camphor is made by mixing 1½ -ounces of gum camphor with ½ pint of 95 per -cent. alcohol. Put into a bottle and let them -dissolve, shake occasionally, after which it will -be ready for use.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_158" id="Page_158">[158]</a></span></p> - -<p>The spirits of saltpetre is made by taking 2 -ounces pulverized saltpetre put into a bottle, -then add 2 ounces spirits of hartshorn, and let -it remain half a day, shaking frequently, then -add scant ½ pint 95 per cent. alcohol, shake and -let it dissolve, when it will be fit for use. For -rheumatism add more hartshorn, and bathe the -parts affected well.</p> - -<h3>OINTMENT FOR GOUT AND RHEUMATISM.</h3> - -<p>The chloride of gold made into an ointment -with lard is said to speedily relieve the pains of -the gout or rheumatism. It stains the skin -purple, which can be easily removed by washing -it with urine.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_159" id="Page_159">[159]</a></span></p> - -<h3>FOR RHEUMATISM.</h3> - -<p>Take 2 balsam apples, put into ½ gallon of -good fourth proof whiskey in a jug and let it -stand for a week or ten days, shaking occasionally. -Dose, one wine glassful three times a day. -Keep from exposure while using and eat nothing -greasy or that disagrees with the stomach. -This has cured where other remedies have failed, -and should the first ½ gallon not entirely cure, -use the second immediately.</p> - -<h3>EFFECTUAL CURE FOR RHEUMATISM.</h3> - -<p>The following receipt, given by an Englishman -to a respectable tradesman of Limerick, -(Ireland,) who had for a considerable time labored -under the most violent rheumatic pains -in all his limbs and joints, having been used by -him as directed but 5 or 6 times, as he states, -eradicated the disease completely. Anxious that -so effectual a remedy should be made publicly -known we publish the recipe:</p> - -<p>Take 1 ounce of sulphur, 1¼ ounces of saltpetre,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_160" id="Page_160">[160]</a></span> -1½ ounces gum guscomb, 2 nutmegs; the -whole to be finely powdered in a mortar and 12 -ounces of molasses. A tea spoonful to be taken -every night on going to bed; should it operate -too much on the bowels, a smaller quantity is to -be taken.</p> - -<h3>PLASTER FOR RHEUMATISM.</h3> - -<p>Or Pains in the Back, &c. It is said to be a -certain cure. Take 1 pound of rosin and melt -it over a slow fire, then add ½ pint of tar pouring -in slowly, stirring all the time; when it is -well mixed pour all into cold water, and work -it well with your hands. As soon as it is cool -and stiff enough, spread it on a linen rag and -apply it to the affected part. The plaster should -be a little larger than the pain extends—if you -put the plaster on sheep skin it will be better. -This is sure to give relief.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_161" id="Page_161">[161]</a></span></p> - -<h3>TO MAKE HONEY WITHOUT BEES.</h3> - -<p>Take 8 pounds best brown sugar, 1½ pounds -rendered honey, 1 ounce cream of tartar, 4 -drops essence of wintergreen, 2 drops essence of -peppermint, 2 ounces best molasses, 3 parts of -a pint pure cold water, dissolve the cream of -tartar, then put all in a tin or bell metal vessel, -let boil gently 6 or 8 minutes, stirring and mixing -occasionally; then beat up the white of 2 -eggs into a foam, and stir them in, and when -nearly cool stir in 2 pounds more of bees honey; -skim off whatever may rise to the top. If you -want it nice and clean, strain it through a coarse -cloth as soon as you have the eggs stirred in.—If -you strain it put in the 2 lbs. of honey after -it is strained. This makes an excellent honey. -The addition of the eggs is simply to give it the -appearance of having combs in it, but can be -left out if you wish. The same honey may be -used for the second making.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_162" id="Page_162">[162]</a></span></p> - -<h3>JUDKIN’S OINTMENT.</h3> - -<p>Take 1 pound of red lead, ¾ pound rosin, 1 -pint linseed oil, 3 tablespoonsful lamp black, 2 -ounces British oil, ½ ounce sugar of lead finely -pulverized. Boil this over a slow fire one hour, -then add 1 pint more of linseed oil, and boil -another hour, when done add ½ pint of turpentine -while cooling off, stir and mix well, do not -put the turpentine in when first taken off the -fire. Let it cool 5 minutes, then pour in the -turpentine slowly, stirring well. Should it -catch on fire while pouring in the turpentine, -put a lid or cover over the vessel immediately -to smother the fire. There is no danger in -making if careful, as it will be easily smothered. -Pour out into a new earthen crock, let cool off, -and when cool put into a jar or tin box. There -is nothing better than this preparation for -wounds, fresh or old boils, and cannot be surpassed -for scalds, burns, &c.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_163" id="Page_163">[163]</a></span></p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Directions for Use.</span></h4> - -<p>Spread a thin coat of the ointment on a piece -of linen rag large enough to cover the scald or -burn, which should be renewed twice a day.—Scrape -the old ointment off, and the rag may -be used again with another coat of fresh ointment. -For boils cut a hole in the rag so as to -give it room to open and discharge its contents; -renew the ointment three times a day. This is -considered one of the best ointments of the age. -Give it a trial and its effects will soon be felt.</p> - -<h3>REMEDY FOR THE BITE OF A SNAKE.</h3> - -<p>Take the spirits of camphor made of whiskey -and apply it to the bite, turning the bottle -which contains it over the bite and let it remain -on until all the poison is drawn out. The bottle -used should have a large mouth so that it -may cover the wound entirely. Drink freely of -the whiskey until you begin to feel its effects. -This done in time has never failed.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_164" id="Page_164">[164]</a></span></p> - -<h3>FOR THE PILES.</h3> - -<p>Take the kernel of three peach seeds, mash -them well, then add hog’s lard or fresh butter, -not salted, enough to form a salve and rub this -between two butter plates until it becomes of a -bluish color, grease with it and take enough -rhubarb to keep the bowels open.</p> - -<h3>CERTAIN CURE FOR CANCER.</h3> - -<p>Take 1 pint of strong ley and boil down till -it forms a salve, then apply every 15 minutes -until seven plasters have been applied, and as -soon as it begins to bleed stop the applications, -then work the core out and grease with hog’s -lard to kill it; heal with ointment or some good -salve. When the ley has been boiled down, -should the substance that remains become hard, -work it into a salve. This is also good for the -cure of fistula or poll evil in horses.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_165" id="Page_165">[165]</a></span></p> - -<h3>FOR WHITE SWELLINGS.</h3> - -<p>Take 1 handful of mullin leaves and ½ pint -of old rye whiskey; boil these together and -strain, then add 1 gill of turpentine and 2 gills -of spirits of camphor. Bathe well until all the -swelling and soreness has left, wrap with flannel -which should he dampened with the lotion; -this is a certain remedy.</p> - -<h3>TO KEEP CIDER SWEET.</h3> - -<p>Make the cider as late in the fall as possible -from solid apples, without using any water, put -away immediately from the press, and lay it in -some place where it may remain quiet, let the -place be as cool as possible. Fill the barrel up -full, take the bung out and leave it out for four -days, filling it up occasionally as it settles or -works out. Should the cider stop working under -4 days, rack it off carefully from the dregs, -which should be done as soon as the cider stops<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_166" id="Page_166">[166]</a></span> -working, then put your cider into a clean sweet -barrel—it should be a barrel that has had whiskey -or brandy in it—if not, rinse with water -until perfectly clean, then sweetened by putting -in a small quantity of whiskey. If this cannot -be done soak your barrels well so that they may -be sweet and clean. After having racked your -cider off from the dregs carefully, put in the -whites of 6 eggs, battered light, and a scant ½ -pint of mustard seed. Bung up and in 5 or 6 -weeks rack it off again carefully from the dregs. -Cleanse the barrel well and put in the same -barrel—½ gallon of old rye whiskey will add -considerably to its flavor. If your cider is very -sour, add from 3 to 5 lbs. white sugar; to insure -its preservation it should be strained through a -cloth from the press. By being careful—cider -put up in this way will keep for 5 years.</p> - -<h3>FOR BOILED CIDER.</h3> - -<p>Make the cider late in the fall, using none -but sound apples, not even those with small -specks in, without any water. Take it right<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_167" id="Page_167">[167]</a></span> -from the press and put it in a copper kettle; boil -it one hour from the time it commences; skim -it off as the skum arises as clean as you can; -then pour into a clean, sweet whiskey barrel, -put into a bag scant ½ pint of mustard seed; let -the bag down through the bung hole by a string, -making the string fast to the barrel so as it can -be drawn out again conveniently. It may be -flavored with ground cinnamon or cloves if you -fancy the taste. Cider put up in this way will -keep a long time and makes an excellent drink, -by adding ½ gallon of old rye whiskey it may -be kept a number of years. Cider, either from -the press or boiled, put into bottles or jugs, -corked up tight and sealed over with sealing-wax; -it can be kept many years, and makes a -delicious drink.</p> - -<h3>CHERRY BRANDY.</h3> - -<p>Press out the juice and add 1 gallon of water -to 12 gallons of the juice; then dissolve in the -juice 1 pound of white sugar to the gallon; boil -slowly in a copper kettle, and skim off what<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_168" id="Page_168">[168]</a></span> -rises to the top. Do not boil too long or it will -get thick; when the skum stops rising freely -pour it into some vessel to cool. Do not allow -it to stand in the kettle to cool. When it has -become cool put into whatever vessel you wish -to keep it in, and add as much old rye whiskey -as may suit your taste, say from 1 to 3 gallons. -The better the whiskey is the better your brandy -will be. Black heart cherries are the best if -they can be had. This makes a much better -drink than port wine.</p> - -<h3>BLACK OR DEWBERRY CORDIAL.</h3> - -<p>For diarrhœa or summer complaint. This is -made by adding 1 pound of white sugar to 3 -pounds of black or dewberries, allowing them -to stand for twelve hours, then pressing out the -juice and strain well, adding 1 third part good -french brandy and 1 tea spoonful of finely pulverized -allspice in every part of the cordial, -which is ready for use at once. This cordial -cannot be surpassed for children and weak -stomachs, &c.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_169" id="Page_169">[169]</a></span></p> - -<h3>BLACK OR DEWBERRY WINE.</h3> - -<p>An excellent wine and a valuable medicine -for home use. To make a wine equal to port -wine, take ripe blackberries, or dewberries are -best; press out the juice, let it stand thirty-six -hours to ferment, skim off whatever rises to the -top, then to every gallon of the juice add one -quart of water and 3 pounds of white sugar. -Let this stand in open vessels for 24 hours, skim -and strain it, then barrel it up until March, -when it should be racked off carefully from the -dregs, and bottled up for use.</p> - -<h3>GAS BEER.</h3> - -<p>For 8 gallon vessel—take three pints of fresh -yeast, 3 pints of New Orleans molasses, put into -your keg, then add 3 gallons of fresh water, -bung up, and shake to mix well. Then take a -tin bucket and put in one tea spoonful of ground -cinnamon, 1 of ground cloves, 3 tablespoonsful -of ground allspice, 1 of ginger, 3 pints of molasses, -then pour on it hot water and mix well;<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_170" id="Page_170">[170]</a></span> -let this stand some 10 or 15 minutes, then pour -it into the keg and fill up with fresh water, -bung up tight; put something over the bung to -keep it from working out—use a strong keg for -this purpose. This makes an excellent cooling -drink in summer. Lay your keg in the sun -several hours or until it commences to work.—In -cold weather lay your keg close to the fire—in -fifteen or twenty hours it will be fit for use.</p> - -<h3>SILVER TOP DRINK.</h3> - -<p>Take 1 quart of water, 3 pounds of sugar, 1 -tea spoonful of lemon oil; 1 table spoonful of -flour, with the white of 5 eggs well beat up, -mix the above well together, then divide the -syrup and add 4 ounces of carbonate acid in the -other, and bottle for use. Pour about a gill out -of one bottle into a tumbler and the same quantity -out of the other bottle into another glass, -add a little water if you choose, pour the two -together and drink while effervescing.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_171" id="Page_171">[171]</a></span></p> - -<h3>BLACK INK.</h3> - -<p>Take 4 ounces of the extract of log wood, ¼ -ounce of bycromate of pot ash, 1 pint boiling -water, stir well until all is dissolved—if the ink -is not black enough, add a little more of bycromate -of pot ash. This preparation will also -answer for coloring goods, &c.</p> - -<h3>RED INK.</h3> - -<p>Take of spirits of hartshorn 1 pint, pure carmine -½ drachm, put into a bottle and shake well -and it is fit for use.</p> - -<h3>INDELLIBLE INK.</h3> - -<p>Take of lunar caustic 100 grains, gum arabic -100 grains, make both fine and pour water -enough over to dissolve it, put into a phial and -stop tightly.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_172" id="Page_172">[172]</a></span></p> - -<p>To make the preparation to be used before -writing on the linen, take 2 drachms of salts of -tartar; 2 drachms gum arabic, dissolve these in -1 ounce of rain water. Before using the ink, -wet whatever article you wish to mark with this -last preparation and dry with a smooth iron, -then wash the gum out and you have the name -indellibly fixed.</p> - -<h3>ANOTHER BLACK INK.</h3> - -<p>Take 1 pound logwood, 1 gallon soft water, -boil it 1 hour and add 25 grains of bycromate -of pot ash, 12 grains of prusiate of pot ash, -stir a few minutes over the fire, take it off, and -when settled strain it.</p> - -<h3>WASHING FLUID.</h3> - -<p>Take 1 gallon of soft soap, 4 ounces of sal -soda, ½ gallon soft water, and ½ gill of spirits of -turpentine, place them all into a pot over a fire -and allow the mixture to boil a few minutes, it<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_173" id="Page_173">[173]</a></span> -is then ready for use and can be kept in an -earthen or stone vessel. In using this fluid the -clothes intended to be washed should be soaked -in water 10 or 12 hours, say over night, and -then to a 10 or 12 gallon boiler or kettle full -of clothes, covered with water, add 1 pint of -fluid, boil briskly for fifteen minutes, and then -wring them out in fresh water. It will be found -that little or no rubbing will be necessary.—This -preparation will save a great deal of hard -rubbing and labor—it is truly worth trying.</p> - -<h3>TRANSPARENT SOAP.</h3> - -<p>Take 3 pounds of best rosin soap, 1 quart of -best alcohol, 1 ounce of venice turpentine, 1 -ounce of oil of sassafras, or you may use bergamot -or the oil of lemon, or cinnamon, either -of which will answer. Cut the soap into thin -shavings, put into a pan the alcohol and soap, -melt over a slow fire so as just to keep from -boiling; when all is dissolved let it boil a minute<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_174" id="Page_174">[174]</a></span> -or two, you must be careful not to let the -blaze of the fire get to it or it will catch on fire; -it is best to put it on a stove where there will -be no danger, keep stirring slowly until all is -melted, then add your venice turpentine, stirring -and mixing for a minute or so, then take -your pan off the fire and put in your oil of sassafras -immediately, or whatever oil you intend -using, the oil of sassafras is however the best. -This soap cannot be surpassed for shaving, -washing, and is excellent for sore or rough -hands. Try it and you will be surprised—the -rosin soap used must be clear.</p> - -<h3>PROF. BIDDLE’S CELEBRATED PREPARATION -FOR THE HAIR AND HEAD.</h3> - -<p>To make 1 quart, take nearly one half a pint -of cold pressed castor oil and fill it nearly full -of 95 per cent. alcohol, then add ½ ounce of -spirits of hartshorn, ½ ounce of tincture of cantharides, -40 drops oil of bergamot, which gives -it an elegant perfume—shake well and it is -ready for use.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_175" id="Page_175">[175]</a></span></p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Directions for Use.</span></h4> - -<p>Wash your head first with whiskey, then apply -the hair oil freely, pour it on the head gently -and rub with the hand or stiff brush. For -children only use the hair oil. To remove the -dandruff, comb the head well with a fine comb, -do this every time you use the preparation. This -oil should be applied twice a week, which will -loosen the dandruff so that it may be easily removed. -A great and valuable discovery for the -hair and head, two or three applications of which -will remove every particle of dandruff, purify -the skin and prevent the hair from coming out, -giving new life and vigor to every hair on the -head, and changing light or sandy hair to a -beautiful dark lustre; also curing dizzy or nervous -headache. No one should be without this -valuable preparation, especially those who are -subject to dandruff eruptions of the skin, falling -off of the hair, dizzy or nervous headache. If -it should make the head tender, only use half -the tincture of cantharides. The alcohol must -be strictly 95 per cent.—you can add hartshorn -if not strong enough, also bergamot for perfume<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_176" id="Page_176">[176]</a></span> -to suit. It is good for tetter on the head. -Every ingredient can be had at almost any of -the drug stores.</p> - -<h3>TO RESTORE THE HAIR IN BALDNESS.</h3> - -<p>Take of cold pressed castor oil 2 ounces, tincture -of cantharides ½ ounce, acetic acid ½ ounce, -strong water of amonia 1½ ounces, oil of nutmegs -½ drachm, oil of lavender ½ drachm, put -this in a bottle, make into a lotion, when it will -be ready for use.</p> - -<h4><span class="smcap">Directions for Use.</span></h4> - -<p>The head should be perfectly cleaned of all -dirt and dandruff, with castile soap and warm -water, and the lotion applied freely and rubbed -in with a stiff hair brush once a day; in a week -or two its good effects will be manifested. This -is the best preparation for baldness yet introduced—give -it a fair trial and you will not be -disappointed. The drugs of this preparation -can be had at any of the drug stores.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_177" id="Page_177">[177]</a></span></p> - -<h3>TOOTHACHE BALSAM.</h3> - -<p>Take of creosote 1 drachm, oil of cloves 1 -drachm, tincture of camphor 2 drachms, oil of -petroleum 2 drachms, mix them thoroughly and -cork tight for use. A few drops of this mixture -on cotton and applied to the nerve of the -tooth will relieve the pain.</p> - -<h3>TOOTH POWDER.</h3> - -<p>Take of supercarbonate of soda 1 ounce, pulverized -orris root ½ an ounce, cream of tartar ½ -ounce, oil of roses 10 drops, mix them properly. -This may be used with the finger, rag or soft -tooth brush.</p> - -<h3>ANOTHER TOOTH POWDER.</h3> - -<p>Carbonate of magnesia any quantity, perfumed -with the oil of cinnamon or neroli. This -is the best tooth powder for children—the teeth -should always be cleaned after eating, if you -wish to keep the breath sweet.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_178" id="Page_178">[178]</a></span></p> - -<h3>COLOGNE WATER No. 1.</h3> - -<p>Take of oil of bergamot 1 ounce, oil of lavender -½ ounce, oil of neroli 1 drachm, oil of -roses 15 drops, oil of cloves 30 drops, new milk -1 pint, pure alcohol 1 gallon, digest 1 day and -filter through close flannel several times.</p> - -<h3>COLOGNE WATER No. 2.</h3> - -<p>Take of oil of bergamot 1 ounce, oil of lemon -1 ounce, oil of lavender 3 ounces, tincture of -muck 1 drachm, pure alcohol 7 pints, rose water -1 pint, gum camphor 20 grains, mix and digest -1 day and filter—cork up tight for use.</p> - -<h3>COLOGNE WATER No. 3.</h3> - -<p>Take oil of roses 5 drops, oil of bergamot 1 -ounce, oil of lemon 1 ounce, oil of lavender 2½<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_179" id="Page_179">[179]</a></span> -ounces, oil of rosemary ½ ounce, oil of cinnamon -10 drops, pure alcohol 7 pints, new milk 1 pint. -Let the mixture stand one day and filter. All -preparations of cologne should be kept closely -stopped, otherwise they will lose their fine -flavor.</p> - -<h3>TOOTHACHE DROPS.</h3> - -<p>Take of 95 per cent. alcohol 1 pint, oil of -origanum 2 ounces, gum camphor 2 ounces, tartaric -acid ½ ounce. Digest 1 day and mix well, -when it will be ready for use—cork up tight.—A -few drops of this mixture on cotton applied -to the nerve, and the gums well rubbed with it -will soon relieve the pain. This is harmless and -pleasant. If you cannot get any cotton to the -nerve, bathe the tooth and gums well with it.</p> - -<h3>FOR DYSPEPSIA.</h3> - -<p>Take of 1½ pounds of white mustard seed from -1 tea spoonful to 1 table spoonful, between -meals—the whole seeds in cold water.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_180" id="Page_180">[180]</a></span></p> - -<h3>TO PRESERVE BUTTER No. 1.</h3> - -<p>Take saltpetre and loaf sugar of an equal -proportion and make a liquid. After packing -the butter in a jar or sweet keg, pour over -enough of the liquid to cover the butter an inch -or two. If you should wish to re-pack the butter, -pour off the liquid, which if sweet, may be -used again when you have done packing.</p> - -<h3>TO PRESERVE BUTTER No. 2.</h3> - -<p>Reduce separately to a fine powder, in a dry -mortar, 2 pounds of the best common salt, 1 -pound of saltpetre and 1 pound of loaf sugar; -sift one of them over the other on a sheet of -paper, then mix them well together and they -are ready for use. 1 ounce of the preparation -is enough, to a pound of butter, and if well -worked in will preserve it sweet for three years. -This is worth giving a trial.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_181" id="Page_181">[181]</a></span></p> - -<h3>TO PICKEL CUCUMBERS.</h3> - -<p>Let your cucumbers be small, fresh gathered -and free from spots; then make a pickel of salt -and water, strong enough to bear up an egg; -boil the pickel in a copper kettle if convenient; -and skim it well; then pour it upon the cucumbers -and tie them down for 24 hours, strain out -through a colander and dry off well with a cloth.</p> - -<p>Take the best wine or cider vinegar, cloves, -mace, nutmegs, pepper and race ginger, boil -them together and put the cucumbers in with a -little salt, as soon as they begin to turn their -color, put them into jars, crocks or tight barrels; -when cold tie on a bladder or leather. -This is excellent and worthy attention.</p> - -<h3>SOFT GINGER BREAD.</h3> - -<p>Four cups of molasses, 2 of butter, 2 of milk, -eight eggs, two teaspoonsful of pearlash, ginger, -and sufficient flour to make it stiff as pound -cake.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_182" id="Page_182">[182]</a></span></p> - -<h3>TO PRESERVE PEACHES.</h3> - -<p>Take ripe free stone peaches—pare, stone and -quarter them; to six pounds of the cut peaches -allow three pounds of the best brown sugar; -stew the sugar and peaches together, and set -them away in a covered vessel; next morning -put them into a preserving kettle and boil it -slowly about an hour and three quarters, skimming -it well.</p> - -<h3>TO PRESERVE PLUMBS, &c.</h3> - -<p>A pound of sugar to a pound of fruit; the -sugar should be melted over a fire, moderate -enough not to scorch it when melted. It should -be skimmed clean and the fruit dropped in to -simmer until it is soft. Put them in jars and -cover carefully from the air. Glass is much -better than earthen for preserves—they are not -so apt to ferment.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_183" id="Page_183">[183]</a></span></p> - -<h3>SOAP TO TAKE GREASE OUT OF CLOTH, -SATINS, SILKS, &c.</h3> - -<p>Take 4 pounds of white bar soap, 1½ pints 95 -per cent. alcohol, 1½ ounces of nitric acid, 2 do. -of saltpetre, 2 ounces soda, ¾ ounce camphor; cut -the bar soap into thin shavings, put all the -above ingredients in a crock, then boil over a -slow fire, with very little blaze; pulverize your -camphor as fine as possible and when all is -properly dissolved, which will take 1 hour or so -then take the pot off the fire and when cooled -add 1½ ounces spirits of amonia, pour in slowly -stirring all the time; should it catch on fire -smother it with a cover or by throwing a cloth -over the pot. Stir while boiling, and scent with -½ ounce of oil of cinnamon. This will remove -grease spots from cloth, silks, &c., by taking a -tooth brush—dip into water and make a lather -with the soap, rub the grease spot well with the -brush and lather, then wash it out twice in cold -water, rinsing and squeezing the soap out as -clean as possible—let it be clean water each -time. This will take grease, paint, tar, oil, &c.,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_184" id="Page_184">[184]</a></span> -out of any kind of goods when properly applied. -By pouring it in a flat pan you can cut -your soap into cakes of any size.</p> - -<h3>SOAP FOR GREASE, TAR, PAINT, &c.</h3> - -<p>Take 1 quart 95 per cent. alcohol, 2¾ pounds -best home made soap; cut the soap into thin -shavings, then put the soap and alcohol into a -pan or vessel over a slow fire, and let all dissolve -before it boils; when dissolved boil a few minutes, -then pour the soap into a pan, and when -cooled off cut into cakes. This preparation is -excellent for washing dirty clothes and will not -require near the labor that the common soap -does. For cloth, silks, &c., you may take less -soap. It may be used in the same manner directed -for the other soap.</p> - -<h3>REMEDY FOR ITCH No. 1</h3> - -<p>Take broad dock roots and lard sufficient to -form a mixture, boil it until it forms a salve.—Bury<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_185" id="Page_185">[185]</a></span> -the salve in the ground for 24 hours, then -grease 2 or 3 times every evening before going -to bed, dry in by the stove and shift the clothes. -It never fails. Take sulphor of brimstone several -days before applying the salve. This plant -is not the burdock nor the narrowdock, which it -resembles, except that the leaves of the broad -dock are broader and the stocks do not grow -near so high.</p> - -<h3>REMEDY FOR ITCH No. 2.</h3> - -<p>Take 4 ounces of venice turpentine, 4 ounces -of red precipitate, 1 pound of unwashed butter. -The turpentine must be washed 9 times in fresh -spring water, then mix all the ingredients -thoroughly. Apply several times of an evening -before going to bed and dry in at the stove, after -which put on clean clothes. Avoid getting -wet while using this salve. Take sulphor and -cream of tartar 2 or 3 days before applying.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_186" id="Page_186">[186]</a></span></p> - -<h3>REMEDY FOR ITCH No. 3.</h3> - -<p>Take narrow dock and grate it, then add -sweet milk or cream and fry them together and -grease with it 3 or 4 times every evening, drying -in at the stove, then dress with clean -clothes. Take ½ tea spoonful of sulphor twice -a day several days before and after. This is a -certain cure.</p> - -<h3>PILLS BY DR. W. B. YOUNG.</h3> - -<p>Take calomel, jalap, aloes and rhubarb, equal -portions, mix all together and add a little water -at a time, and mix until you cannot see the calomel -grains, roll in powdered helebore or epicac. -Dose from 1 to 3 pills once a day in the evening. -Roll the mixture out in rolls and cut up -to make the regular sizes. These are an excellent -domestic pill.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_187" id="Page_187">[187]</a></span></p> - -<h3>FRENCH PATENT OIL VARNISH.</h3> - -<p>For Boots, Shoes, Harness and Carriages:—Take -1 gallon alcohol, 1¼ pounds gum shellac, -8 ounces of white turpentine, 4 ounces of rosin, -4 ounces of venice turpentine, 4 ounces oil of -lavender, 1 ounce lamp black to color with; put -the gum shellac and alcohol into a jug and -shake, let it stand a day or two to dissolve, then -add the other ingredients and shake well until -all is dissolved, when it is ready for use. In -applying this polish use a sponge or brush, -lightly and briskly, and it will make a beautiful -polish. It will render leather water proof, -but if used regularly a small quantity of oil -should be applied occasionally.</p> - -<h3>COX’S HIVE SYRUP.</h3> - -<p>Take of bruised squills 10 drachms, seneca -snake root 10 drachms; add the squills and -snake root to 1 pint of water that has been first -boiled, settled and poured off and simmer slowly -until you have but half a pint of water, then -strain it off and add clarified sugar 1 pound,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_188" id="Page_188">[188]</a></span> -and simmer until all are well mixed, then add -tartar emetic 22 grains, salts of tartar 22 grains, -stir and mix properly while the fluid is warm, -stop it up tight for use. This syrup is good in -coughs, croup or bad colds in children, in 10 or -15 drop doses—no family should do without it -one day. If you do not wish to be troubled -making it, buy some and always keep it in your -house. It is a sure and safe remedy for croup, -in which little larger doses should be administered -often until it vomits pretty freely—continue -with the syrup until the tightness is broken, -then use occasionally, not enough to vomit -so often. By keeping this remedy at hand you -may save some one of your family, and a large -amount of trouble and expense. In croup put -a mustard plaster on the breast and throat immediately, -as no time is to be lost. Mustard -plaster is made with ground mustard and wheat -flour equal parts; mix them together and wet -with warm vinegar, greasing the throat and -breast with turpentine or good liniment; putting -flannel around the neck is very good.—Young -parents should be on their guard when -not acquainted with the disease.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_189" id="Page_189">[189]</a></span></p> - -<h3>DOMESTIC COUGH SYRUP.</h3> - -<p>Take of cumfrey root one ounce, elecampane -root 1 ounce, nettle root 1 ounce, hoarhound -leaves 1 ounce, spikenard root ½ ounce, pulverize -all fine and boil them in a quart of water -down to a pint, strain the liquor off and when -settled pour off again; add to it 1 pint of strained -honey, and simmer down slowly to a pint and -a half; add to it scant ½ ounce juice of indian -turnip; take a green turnip and beat and squeeze -the juice out, add to the syrup when milk warm; -if put in while hot it will lose its medical -properties. A table spoonful or less may be -taken from 4 to 6 times a day, in cases of bad -cough, it is healing and strengthening to the -lungs; it may be made with or without the indian -turnip juice. The indian turnip is an excellent -of itself.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_190" id="Page_190">[190]</a></span></p> - -<h3>GREAT SALVE FOR WOUNDS, &c.</h3> - -<p>Take 1 pound sheep tallow, 1 pound beeswax, -½ pound rosin elder inside bark, 1 pound balm -of gillead leaves or flowers, put into a pan and -fry over a slow fire to a salve, spread thin on a -linen rag and apply 2 or 3 times a day.</p> - -<h3>SODA POWDERS.</h3> - -<p>To make these powders put 1 tea spoonful of -carbonate of soda into a glass nearly half full of -water, and ½ tea spoonful of tartaric acid in the -other, and add enough sugar and lemon syrup -or lemon juice to suit the taste; stir and dissolve -the powders and sugar, then pour one into the -other and drink while effervescing. This is a -very pleasant and cooling drink.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_191" id="Page_191">[191]</a></span></p> - -<h3>PATENT BLACK JAPAN.</h3> - -<p>For iron or wood carriages, &c. Take 1 gallon -of turpentine, 2¼ pounds asphaltum, put -them into an iron pot over a charcoal fire and -let remain until dissolved, then strain it—if it -becomes too thick when cold add spirits of turpentine. -For wood or canvass add while hot, -to every gallon 1 pint of copal varnish and ½ -pint of linseed oil. This is a good and cheap -paint or varnish, used by a great many coach-makers, -blacksmiths, &c.</p> - -<h3>TO MAKE SOFT SOAP.</h3> - -<p>Take 10 pounds of common yellow or rosin -soap, such as is purchased here for 4 or 6 cents -per pound, 6 pounds sal-soda, 10 gallons soft -or rain water; cut the soap into small thin pieces -and put the whole over a fire, bring the water -nearly to a boiling point and allow it to remain -at that temperature until the soap is thoroughly -dissolved; it may then be taken off. If the soap -made with these ingredients is found to be too -strong add cold water until it becomes of the -proper consistency and strength.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_192" id="Page_192">[192]</a></span></p> - -<h3>FURNITURE POLISH.</h3> - -<p>Take ¼ pound beeswax, separate into shavings, -put in a pan and add ½ gallon of spirits -of turpentine and 1 pint linseed oil; let it remain -for 12 hours, then stir it well with a stick -into a liquid; while stirring add ¼ pound shellac -varnish and 1 ounce alkinet root. Put this -mixture into a gallon jar and stand it before a -fire or in an oven for a week, just to keep it -warm, shaking it up 3 or 4 times a day, then -strain it through a hair sieve or fine flannel. In -using pour a tea spoonful on a wad of baize or -flannel, and go lightly over the face or other -parts of the mahogany furniture, then apply a -similar dry wad briskly and in three minutes -it will produce a dark brilliant polish, unequalled -and of great value. The shellac varnish is -made by taking ¼ pound good gum shellac and -pouring alcohol enough over to dissolve it, say -as much as to cover the shellac.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_193" id="Page_193">[193]</a></span></p> - -<h3>ESSENCE OF LEMON.</h3> - -<p>Take 1 pint alcohol, ½ ounce of oil of lemon, -color with tincture of tamarisk. To make these -essences for family use you should take 95 per -cent. alcohol and the quantity of oil named in -the receipt, which will save you three hundred -per cent. paying you for your labor. If you -wish to make a pint, get a glass bottle that will -hold a little more than a pint and put your alcohol -and oil in, shake and mix them well, then -color to suit.</p> - -<p>To make 1 gallon of the essences for sale, -take 1 gallon of common alcohol and 2 ounces -of the oil—color as in the others.</p> - -<h3>ESSENCE OF PEPPERMINT.</h3> - -<p>Take 1 pint alcohol, ½ ounce of oil of peppermint, -and if you wish it colored add in small -quantities the tincture of tamarisk, stirring it, -until you have the color to suit your taste. This -is excellent for cramp colic in man or horse.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_194" id="Page_194">[194]</a></span></p> - -<h3>EYE WATER.</h3> - -<p>Take 40 grains sulphate of zinc to ½ pint of -warm soft water, shake until well dissolved and -cork up tightly. In using pour out about 1 -tea spoonful into a cup and bathe the eyes with -it. Never use by dipping your finger into the -bottle, but pour a small quantity out into a vessel -of some kind. This is the best eye water -yet introduced and will be certain to relieve the -inflamed eye. Try it and its efficacy will soon -be manifested. Always bathe the eye of an -evening, just before going to bed—if it is used -during the day you should keep out of the air. -If too strong add a little water. The cost of -this preparation is but 6¼ cents, and cannot be -surpassed.</p> - -<h3>ESSENCE OF CINNAMON.</h3> - -<p>Take 1 pint of alcohol, ½ ounce of oil of cinnamon, -color with the tincture of red sanders, -and mix as above. This is excellent in diarrhœa, -summer complaints or looseness of the bowels.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_195" id="Page_195">[195]</a></span></p> - -<h3>CERTAIN CURE FOR FELON.</h3> - -<p>We have known instances of the most intense -suffering, neither rest by day or sleep at night, -in which this process has effected cures. As soon -as it becomes apparent that a felon is making its -appearance, which is known by a constant soreness -and pain proceeding from the bone, take a -strong cord of any kind and wrap it about the -afflicted part, as tightly as can be borne; keep -it in this condition until the pain can be endured -no longer. Now loose the cords and soon as the -pain, caused by the cording subsides, tighten it -again. Continue this for several days or until -the felon is completely blackened and killed.—We -have known several persons who have been -afflicted with felons to try this remedy with -success—in fact we have never known it to fail. -The cording stops the circulation and then the -sore has nothing to feed upon, when it soon dies -of starvation. We have faith in this remedy, -even after a felon has made considerable progress. -If the felon has commenced at the bone<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_196" id="Page_196">[196]</a></span> -the sooner you have it cut the better; there is no -application that will burst or open the skin that -is next to the bone, it should be cut if the above -remedy fails.—<cite>Clipper.</cite></p> - -<h3>CURE FOR BRONCHITIS.</h3> - -<p>Croton oil it is said will entirely remove this -complaint. A minister of the gospel who had -been laid aside from his pastoral office by the -bronchitis, for three years, has entirely recovered -his voice by the application of croton oil to the -surface of the throat, against the organ affected, -one drop daily rubbed over the surface produced -a singular but powerful eruption of the skin, -which as it progressed restored his voice to its -full tone and vigor.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_197" id="Page_197">[197]</a></span></p> - -<h3>RECEIPT FOR HOGS.</h3> - -<p>That have lost their appetite. Put urine in -the slop, or when you can conveniently, urinate -in the trough as you pass along. This is excellent, -but a small quantity of ashes put in their -slop cannot be surpassed for restoring the appetite, -and also very good for the kidneys, worms, -&c. Give it a trial and be convinced of its efficacy.</p> - -<h3>GREASE FOR CARRIAGES, &c.</h3> - -<p>Take 1 pound of beeswax, ½ pint of lamp -black, mix well while hot, and when cooling off, -add oil until it becomes of a proper consistency. -In the winter season add more oil. This makes -a lasting grease, which cannot be surpassed for -carriages, &c.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_198" id="Page_198">[198]</a></span></p> - -<h3>FOR PLAGUE BLISTER.</h3> - -<p>Take sassafras leaves and dip them in warm -water, then take castile soap and make a thick -lather, and apply with a soft brush as far as the -sore or inflammation extends, then apply the -sassafras leaves, warm 3 or 4 thick, tie it up -loosely, renew every 8 hours. This cannot be -surpassed for inflammation of this nature. Give -it a trial and its effects will soon be felt. Use -none but castile soap.</p> - -<p>The following certificate attests the value of -this simple cure:—</p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p class="right"><span class="smcap">Middletown</span> Frederick Co., Md.<br /> -June 5th, 1852.</p> - -<p><i>To all whom it may concern, greeting</i>:—</p> - -<p>I hereby certify, that some time in March, 1847, my wife was -afflicted with a pain and swelling in her arm, which proved extremely -painful, and appeared to be contracting the arm, leaving -a red or purple streak as far as the swelling extended. As -some three or four of my children were then lying sick with scarlet -fever, also a negro girl, several physicians were sent for to -attend them, who were consulted in relation to my wife. Some -pronounced it the hysterics, others attempted to effect a cure, -but all in vain; at length it was pronounced a pest or plague -blister and very dangerous. The person who informed me what -it was, recommended me to Mr. J. D. Koogle for a cure. Mr. -Koogle came and applied poultices, which in an hour or two<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_199" id="Page_199">[199]</a></span> -after the first application relieved her so much as to enable her -to sleep, which she had not done for ten or twelve days. Previous -to this the physicians recommended every thing that had -a tendency to induce sleep without avail. Nothing could ease -her pain so as to enable her to sleep. She continued the poultices -recommended by Mr. Koogle until finally relieved, though -they left the hand and part of the arm perfectly hollow—nothing -but skin, bone and sinew—yet the parts are now entirely -healed and as full as usual, without any other application.</p> - -<p class="center">Yours, &c.</p> - -<p class="right">JACOB T. C. MILLER.</p> - -</div> - -<h3>RECEIPT FOR HUMORS OR BREAKING -OUT ON CHILDREN.</h3> - -<p>Take wheat flour and put into a hot stove, -roast it to a brown color, stir and mix it while -browning. In using sprinkle on the sore—it -scarcely ever fails to heal after all other remedies -have failed. The sores should not be dried -up too suddenly, and particularly when it is a -general breaking out over the face, hands, &c.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_200" id="Page_200">[200]</a></span></p> - -<h3>CERTAIN CURE FOR BITE OF A SNAKE.</h3> - -<p>Drink as much whiskey as you can. It will -do no harm and is a certain cure—use it immediately -after the bite.</p> - -<h3>CURE FOR THE BITE OF A MAD DOG.</h3> - -<p>Take of elecampane root 1½ ounces, cut it fine -or pulverize if you can, then boil it in one pint -of new milk down to a quarter of a pint. Take -this in the morning fasting, and eat no food till -4 o’clock in the afternoon. It should be taken -every other morning—the two last doses must -weigh 2 ounces each. This may be used several -times a day.</p> - -<h3>CLAY POULTICE FOR MAN OR HORSE.</h3> - -<p>Take of yellow clay any quantity, and add -vinegar enough to form a poultice, apply it cold. -To a sprained joint it gives very speedy relief, -often cures in one night. This cannot be surpassed -for a fresh sprain on horses.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_201" id="Page_201">[201]</a></span></p> - -<h3>DOMESTIC TONIC.</h3> - -<p>Yellow poplar bark, dogwood bark, wild -cherry bark, 1 ounce of each; pulverize fine, and -add to them 1 quart of whiskey, shake the bottle -and let it stand one week. A table spoonful -in water three times a day is a dose in cases of -debility after fevers.</p> - -<h3>OINTMENT FOR SCROFULUS ULCERS.</h3> - -<p>Take of basilicon ointment 1 ounce, venice -turpentine ½ oz., pulverized verdigris 2 drachms, -beef gall ½ ounce, mix them perfectly over a -slow fire. Dress the sores twice a day—do not -wet them but wipe them clean with a soft rag.</p> - -<h3>GREEN OINTMENT.</h3> - -<p>Take basilicon ointment ½ pound, finely pulverized¾ -verdigris ½ ounce; melt the basilicon -slowly and add the verdigris, stirring until it -is well mixed. This is a good dressing for old -sores and ring worms on the head or face.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_202" id="Page_202">[202]</a></span></p> - -<h3>TINCTURE OF PEACH KERNELS.</h3> - -<p>Take ½ pint of peach kernels, bruise them and -add one quart of whiskey. Take a table spoonful -three times a day. This often cures gravel -in the form of sand or fine gravel in the bladder. -We have known the patient to pass off -gravel in large quantities while using this remedy.</p> - -<h3>FOR TRANSPLANTING TREES.</h3> - -<p>That are flagging or drooping, or looking as -if they were going to say good bye. First reduce -the top litter, or if needed a good deal, it -may be that there is more top to exhaust than -root to supply; then loosen the soil and water -if dry, and lastly mulch the ground as far as -the roots extend. This you may do by covering -it with three or four inches of straw. Litter -tan bark or something of that sort to keep the -roots cool and moist, so as to cause them into<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_203" id="Page_203">[203]</a></span> -new growth. Watering a transplanted tree -every day, letting the surface dry hard with the -sun and wind, is too much like basting a joint -of meat before the kitchen fire to be looked upon -as decent treatment, for any thing living when -you water do it after the sun sets. If you find -your fruit trees barren from too great running -to wood, (about the first of June is the time) -clip or pinch off the ends of the side shoots, so -as to expend its substance in making buds instead -of wasting all the sap in over growth.</p> - -<h3>HOW TO KEEP APPLES.</h3> - -<p>Spread on the floor oats to the depth of about -two inches; the oats should be good and properly -cured, and then place your apples side by -side on the oats until they are covered over with -them. Then cover your apples again, and continue -laying a course of apples and oats until -you have finished your crop. If they are properly -put up they will keep better in this way -than any other way. Farmer try it and convince -yourself.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_204" id="Page_204">[204]</a></span></p> - -<h3>DOMESTIC YEAST.</h3> - -<p>Boil 1 pound of good flour, ¼ pound of brown -sugar and a little salt with two gallons of water -for one hour. When milk warm bottle it and -cork close; it will be fit for use in 24 hours; 1 -pound yeast will make 18 pounds of bread.</p> - -<h3>COMPOST TO PREVENT CROWS AND -INSECTS FROM TAKING CORN.</h3> - -<p>Take from 1 to 2 pounds sulphor brimstone -mixed with plaster and ashes, and a handful -scattered on to the corn as it peeps out of the -ground will be sufficient to protect an acre from -their ravages. Brimstone is a good manure on -all soil that does not abound in it.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_205" id="Page_205">[205]</a></span></p> - -<h3>HOW TO DESTROY LICE OR VERMIN -ON CHICKENS.</h3> - -<p>Place among the sand and dust that the hens -dust themselves in ½ pound black sulphor and -also sprinkle some lime in and mix. This will -keep them off and give them a glossy appearance. -If infested with these insects dampen the -skin under the feathers with a little water, then -sprinkle a little black sulphor on the skin, and -in 12 hours they will all disappear. Also, previous -to setting a hen, if the nest be slightly -sprinkled with the sulphor there, is no danger -of the hen becoming annoyed by them.</p> - -<h3>WORTH KNOWING.</h3> - -<p>One pound of green copperas, costing 6 cents, -dissolved in 1 quart of water, and poured down -a privy, will effectually destroy the foulest -smells; for water closets aboard ships and steamboats, -or for rats, mice, &c., keep it dissolved<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_206" id="Page_206">[206]</a></span> -near the place and in a few days it will all disappear. -About hotels and other public places, -there is nothing so nice to cleanse places as simple -green copperas dissolved under the bed in any -thing that will hold water, and thus render a -hospital and other places for the sick free from -unpleasant smells. For butchers’ stalls, fish -markets, slaughter houses, sinks and wherever -there are offensive and putrid gasses, dissolve -copperas and sprinkle it about, and in a few days -the smell will pass away.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_207" id="Page_207">[207]</a></span></p> - -<h2>APPENDIX.</h2> - -<h3>INFORMATION HOW TO TREAT DANGEROUS DISEASES.</h3> - -<p>There are several diseases which are very -dangerous and run their course in a very short -time, and prove fatal if they are not properly -treated or arrested before they become firmly -seated. I would here urge upon every owner -of horses, (and in fact every disease which this -work treats on,) to pay strict attention to it. -In many diseases, what you can do must be done -at once or not at all—the old saying is ‘a stitch -in time saves nine,’ and there is a great deal -of truth in this, in many diseases.</p> - -<p>I would here urge upon you the importance -of glystering in certain diseases. In the Wind -Colic and also in the Spasmodic Colic, as soon -as you ascertain what the disease is and not before. -The truth of the matter is that no man -has any right to give any medicine until he is -certain what the disease is. Give the medicine<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_208" id="Page_208">[208]</a></span> -and course of treatment prescribed in the disease -then quickly follow with injections. If you -have neglected to prepare yourself for glystering, -back-rake with your hand—this is done by -greasing the hand and arm with lard or oil and -introduce it as far as you can. The glystering -or back-raking never does any harm but always -assists in relieving. Every owner of horses -should prepare himself with several large beef -or hog bladders, a few elders with the pith -punched or burnt out, and by so doing you are -prepared at any time to give an injection. This -may be done by cutting a notch around the one -end of the elder, then fill your bladder with -soap suds or oil, next tie the bladder on the end -of the elder you have notched, firmly, and introduce -the elder into the fundament, and then -you can force the suds into the fundament easily -by pressing on the bladder. You should in all -cases where there is great danger of losing your -horse, give injections and continue to repeat -them until they operate. There are many -cases in colics that the horse is bound or corked, -this can be perceived by the horse trying frequently -or straining to dung; when this does<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_209" id="Page_209">[209]</a></span> -occur it is very dangerous and you must in these -cases give large doses of aloes and glyster freely, -repeating until you get it to operate. If -you fail to get an operation you will lose your -horse. Preparation for glystering: Take warm -water and make a suds with soap, add thereto -epsom salts, and in some cases you may add ½ -oz. aloes. Fish oil is a very good article of itself; -from a pint to a quart for one injection. -I have known 1 pint of fish oil to be given as a -drench in colic, and has relieved where all other -remedies have failed.</p> - -<p>I will here state that there are more horses -killed by medicine improperly given than ever -was cured. For this reason, the great majority -of owners of horses and in fact a great many -farriers who pretend to know, do not know -what the disease is, and next is a dose of medicine -and perhaps in less than half an hour the -horse drops down dead, and why, because in -many cases the medicine given for the disease, -is the dose that poisons or kills him, from the -fact that he was mistaken in the disease, or -given medicine for one disease when it was -another. Therefore, I here again assert that<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_210" id="Page_210">[210]</a></span> -no man has any right to give medicine until he -fully ascertains what the disease is. This he -can easily get at if he will pay some attention -to the symptoms which are so plainly described -in this work. As soon as your horse commences -to complain, watch him closely and you will -find him to point out to you plainly what the -disease is, and you will find the horse to point -it out to a hair’s breadth as I have described it -to you.</p> - -<p>Why is it that men will toil and labor hard -through the summer’s heat, and expose themselves -to the extreme cold in winter, and at the -end of the year perhaps, will lose more in horse -flesh than they have made. Millions of dollars -are lost yearly in horses and a great part of it -for the want of carefulness and paying some attention -to the diseases of the horse, which costs -no man any hard labor or exposure. Let me -urge upon you the importance of reading this -work over again and again, paying attention to -it as you peruse it over, and you will find it -gives you such information as each and every -person should have for his own interest. I will -here state that an ounce of preventative is a<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_211" id="Page_211">[211]</a></span> -great deal better than a pound of cure. Many -diseases might be prevented by being cautious -in their treatment to horses and keeping them -in a healthy condition. This should be done -by using the celebrated horse powders on page -<a href="#Page_60">60</a>, twice a year, fall and spring. Say you feed -from 1 to 1½ pounds to each horse, each time, -fall and spring. If you adopt this once you -will never depart from it afterward, as you will -find it to be a preventative of diseases and will -find so much improvement in your stock that -you will not depart from it. Every man that -has a horse should habit himself to sprinkle a -little salt on the feed every time he feeds his -horse. The salt is nourishing and is just as -much needed in the horse’s food every meal as -it is needed on the food that a man eats.</p> - -<p>The Inflammation of the Lungs is another -dangerous disease. It is becoming to be a common -disease among horses, and carries off its -thousands, simply because it is at first a sneaking -disease; the farmer and owner thinks very -little of it when it first makes its appearance, -and the truth is there are very few persons who -know anything about the disease, and if it is suffered<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_212" id="Page_212">[212]</a></span> -to run over the third day, you might as -well take the horse out where you want him to -die; yet, with all its danger and certainty of -death if neglected, there is not a disease which -is plainer in its symptoms or is pointed out -plainer by the horse than in this disease. It is -impossible to be mistaken in this disease if you -but pay the least attention to it, and is easily -conquered if taken in time. In this disease the -foxglove, tartar emetic and nitre should be used -twice or thrice a day, as directed in Inflammation -of the Lungs.</p> - -<p>Bots is another which is very dangerous when -they take hold. Feed the Celebrated Horse -Powders, as directed and use plenty of salt and -you will not have one case in a thousand of -Bots.</p> - -<p>If you want the best Lotion in the world for -fresh or old wounds on horses, turn to page <a href="#Page_70">70</a>, -there you will find it, Tincture of Aloes and -Myhr; if you want to cure the Ringbone or Spavin, -turn to page <a href="#Page_71">71</a>, and you will find it; if -you want to cure the Blood or Bog Spavin, turn -to page <a href="#Page_68">68</a>; if you want a Lotion for to cure the -Scratches in a few days, turn to page <a href="#Page_64">64</a>; if you<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_213" id="Page_213">[213]</a></span> -want a Lotion for Sprains, Bruises, Swellings, -&c., turn to page <a href="#Page_63">63</a>; if you want a certain -remedy for Sweaney, turn to page <a href="#Page_74">74</a>; if you -want to see the List of Medicines used in the -diseases of horses, you will find them from pages -<a href="#Page_93">93 to 108</a>, giving their medical properties and -uses.</p> - -<p>I will here name a few Domestic Medicines, -Receipts, &c., and would urge every person and -family to make use of them and keep them on -hand, as they have proven to be very valuable -and will do what they are recommended to do. -Dr. Wickey’s Cholera Medicine cannot be surpassed -for cholera, cholera morbus, diarrhœa, -summer complaint, looseness of the bowels, sickness -of the stomach, cramp colic, flux, &c. This -Medicine is easily prepared and will keep for -many years if made out of good brandy. There -is not any Medicine now in use that will give -the same amount of satisfaction as this, and it -is perfectly safe and harmless, as it is purely -vegetable, see page <a href="#Page_148">148</a>.</p> - -<p>Prof. Biddle’s preparation for the hair and -head will positively cure the tetter or any itching -or humor of the skin, will prevent the hair<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_214" id="Page_214">[214]</a></span> -from falling off, and has restored more hair than -any other hair restorative ever introduced, see -page <a href="#Page_174">174</a>.</p> - -<p>If you want sweet cider the year round, turn -to page <a href="#Page_165">165</a> and follow directions, and you will -have it; if you want honey without bees, turn -to page <a href="#Page_161">161</a> and you can have it; if you have -the rheumatism and want to be cured, turn to -pages <a href="#Page_152">152</a>, <a href="#Page_153">153</a>, <a href="#Page_154">154</a> and <a href="#Page_155">155</a>; if you want a liniment -that cannot be surpassed and is easily -made, turn to page <a href="#Page_157">157</a> and you will see how to -make it. You should add double the quantity -of laudanum and use the spirits of saltpetre—which -is made by pouring alcohol over the saltpetre, -the same as the camphor.</p> - -<p>If you want to read an interesting subject, -turn to page <a href="#Page_131">131</a> and read the whole subject -and you will have it in truth; if you want the -best medicine in the world for colic, turn to -pages <a href="#Page_128">128</a> and <a href="#Page_129">129</a>. I will here state that the -Pipsisseway is the best for colic, it has a whitish -stripe running through the centre of the -leaf. The Wintergreen has not this whitish -stripe through the centre; both of them keep -green the year round. The Wintergreen is considered<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_215" id="Page_215">[215]</a></span> -very excellent for colds and coughs, it -is used as a tea for coughs. If you want an eye -water that will relieve inflamed eyes, turn to -page <a href="#Page_194">194</a>; this is truly valuable and is a harmless -application, yet easily made, costing but -6¼ cents.</p> - -<p>I have here named some of the leading articles, -which will prove to be very valuable to all -that have occasion to make use of them. Try -them and you will be convinced.</p> - -<h3>SCARLET FEVER.</h3> - -<p>I will here give to the reader the symptoms -of Scarlet Fever. This disease has slain its -thousands where the monster disease, Cholera -has slain its hundreds, and it becomes every -parent to feel it his duty to be careful when the -disease is in the neighborhood. It is evident -that the disease is contagious, in this form it -can be taken by inhaling the breath from one -that has it, and it is satisfactorily proven that -it can be carried in woollen goods from one family -to another.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_216" id="Page_216">[216]</a></span></p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Symptoms</span>:—This disease commences with chilliness, -dullness of the head and prostration of -strength, according to the violence of the attack. -There is sometimes nausea and vomiting, and -the surface soon becomes florid and hot.</p> - -<p>The throat is generally inflamed and the -same appearance extends to the tongue, which -is sometimes of a very deep scarlet, tinged with -blue. If the symptoms are increased, it is called -Scarlet Fever in a malignant form, the symptoms -are very violent and the patient becomes -pale and faint, the heart palpitates, the Fever -continues to rise higher and higher, there is -great danger.</p> - -<p>The pulse now rises to one hundred and fifteen -or twenty strokes in a minute. The pulse -and the eruption will give the form and character -of the disease. The eruption generally commences -with red patches, which spread and -unite till they cover the whole body. The -eruption appears first on the face and neck, -then on the legs, and the redness is greatest -about the loins and bending of the joints, and -on the hands and ends of the fingers. There is -however not a perfect regularity in the eruption<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_217" id="Page_217">[217]</a></span> -of Scarlet Fever, either in appearance or -duration. In ordinary cases the eruption remains -out about four days, when the grain of -the skin begins to peel off and in a few days -more it disappears. As the disease progresses, -the tonsils becomes specked with ash colored -spots and Ulceration follows. In favorable -cases their slugs come off in eight or ten days.</p> - -<p>If the Patient does not die by the ninth day, -he will generally get well under proper management, -though it may be three weeks, in -some cases before he recovers. When this disease -terminates favorably, all the symptoms -generally yield, beginning about the fourth day -after the eruption appears. The patient is -more liable to relapse in this disease than any -other, and caution should be used to prevent -a relapse. Parents would do well to watch its -first appearance and keep their children from -its influence as much as possible using preventatives, -such as keeping a tar plaster around the -neck, keeping gum camphor, a little asafœtida -and a small piece of garlic around the neck—this -should be put into a small muslin bag and -hung around the neck. Let the children eat<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_218" id="Page_218">[218]</a></span> -small pieces of garlic during the day. These -are considered preventatives by the Medical -Faculty.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Treatment</span>—Give mild purgatives, such as -Oil, to keep the bowels open. Drink plentifully -of balm tea, if this cannot be had, use Sage, -Hysop, Saffron Blossom, or Dittany. This -will bring out the eruption and keep it out full. -If this can be accomplished, the danger will be -very much lessened. This fact should be kept -in view in all eruptive diseases. Keep a Tar -Plaster around the neck; add to the tar a small -portion of Spirits of Turpentine, keep this on -for some time, renewing, adding turpentine -enough to cause the skin to red. If the patient -be not very careful when he gets out, he -will take cold, and the glands of the neck will -swell and suppurate and the ear will run, and -if great attention be not paid, deafness will -probably be the result.</p> - -<p>They must be kept clean and Laudanum and -Sweet Oil put into them every day till they get -well.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_219" id="Page_219">[219]</a></span></p> - -<h3>6 REASONS <span class="smcap">FOR</span> PLANTING <span class="smcap">AN</span> ORCHARD.</h3> - -<p>First, would you leave an inheritance to your -children, plant an orchard. No other investment -of money and labor will in the long run -pay so well. Second, would you make home -pleasant, the abode of the social virtues, plant -an orchard. Nothing better promotes among -neighbors a feeling of kindness and good will, -than a treat of good fruit often repeated.</p> - -<p>Third, Would you remove from your children -the strongest temptation to steal, plant an -orchard. If children cannot obtain fruit at -home, they are very apt to steal it, and when -they have learned to steal fruit, they are in a -fair way to steal horses, &c.</p> - -<p>Fourth, Would you cultivate a constant feeling -of thankfulness towards the Giver of all -good, plant an orchard. By having constantly -before you one of the greatest blessings given to -men, you must be hardened indeed if you are -not influenced by a spirit of humility and thankfulness.</p> - -<p>Fifth, Would you have your children love -their home, respect their parents while living -and venerate their memory when dead, in all -their wanderings, look back upon the home of<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_220" id="Page_220">[220]</a></span> -youth as a sacred spot, as oasis in the great -wilderness of the world, then plant an orchard.</p> - -<p>Sixth, In short, if you wish to avail yourself -of the blessings of a bountiful Providence, which -are within your reach, you must plant an orchard. -And when you do it, see that you plant -good fruit, don’t plant Crab Apple Trees, nor -Wild Plums, nor Indian Peaches, the best are -the cheapest. Seriously, we have often wondered -why our farmers did not devote more attention -to the cultivation of fruit; it certainly -would prove profitable and pleasant. An orchard -of an acre or so of choice fruit, properly -taken care of could not be the least profitable -portion of a farm. Upwards of a hundred -bushels of fruit can be gathered annually, and -without much trouble from merely a small garden -patch. One great point to commence with -is to procure good sorts, for it requires no more -labor to attend a tree that will bear apples -worth seventy-five cents and a dollar a bushel -than one producing those not worth more than -two shillings. Let our farmers think of these -things. But, the inquiry is frequently made -how shall we manage our trees, to produce fine -flavored fruit in a short time.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_221" id="Page_221">[221]</a></span></p> - -<p>First, select good, rich soil, such as will produce -70 bush. indian corn per acre, if not such -it should be made such by manuring. You cannot -expect a tree to flourish and produce good -fruit when there is no strength or food to supply -it with proper nourishment. It is too much -like building a house without a foundation, or -sitting down to dine at an empty dish, there -being nothing to support the growth of the tree, -no food to supply it with proper nourishment, -finally, it dies for the want of nourishment, if -not, the fruit which it bears, if any, is small -and knotty, having scarcely any taste or flavor. -If you want nice, large, fine flavored fruit, prepare -your soil before planting your trees and -keep it prepared by manuring occasionally. It -is unreasonable to expect to raise fruit from a -tree when it is half or three quarters starved -out, all for the want of nourishment. You may -here make inquiry how to prepare your soil. -This may be done by putting a heavy dressing -of manure on it, then obtain sufficient depth of -soil, so as to enable the roots to extend themselves -freely and hold moisture without dying -out in protracted drought. This may be done -with a common plow, letting it run 8 or 10<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_222" id="Page_222">[222]</a></span> -inches deep, then by means of a good subsoil plow, -running it in the same furrow, you will obtain -a depth of 15 or 18 inches. This process should -be continued until you have all plowed that -depth. When you have this accomplished, run -your harrow over several times leveling and -pulverizing it finely. When you have all this -completed your soil will be prepared for planting -your trees. If you cannot possibly prepare -your soil in this way, you should by all means -dig very large holes, say six or eight feet in diameter -and a foot and a half deep, working the -manure through the soil as you dig it up. This -may seem to the farmer as requiring too much -labor, but will richly pay him for it in the -end. Plant your trees in this soil firmly, -leaving the soil a little lower about the body -of the tree, so as it may hold the water, if filled -up about the level of the soil, the water -will run away from the roots and your tree -may die for the want of moisture. Every -tree should have a stake driven in the ground -to fasten or stay the tree, so as to prevent the -storms from bending and switching it about. -If this is not done your trees will be injured,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_223" id="Page_223">[223]</a></span> -and will not thrive. There are a great many -farmers complaining that they cannot raise any -fruit. Truly, how can they expect to raise fruit -when they will crowd their trees into small -holes, and the soil so hard that you can scarcely -drive a stake into it with a sledge, and above -all the land starved out, the grass and weeds -suffered to grow up at such a rate that you are -not able to see the body of the tree. Young -trees should be nursed and cultivated, keeping -the soil mellow by repeated stirring and preventing -the growth of any vegetable for several -feet from the tree. A hoed crop is next best to -clear mellow ground. A sowed crop, grass or -weeds is ruinous to young trees. After you -have your trees well set, you should by all -means wash them down once or twice a year -with soap and water. Say about one quart of -soap to two quarts of water—wash from the -large branches to the bottom—this will destroy -the insects that may be put into the body and -limbs of the tree. Many drooping trees have -been made healthy by using this wash. If you -wish to preserve your peach trees, it is necessary -for you to apply this to them twice a year, -also frequently pouring reasonably hot soap<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_224" id="Page_224">[224]</a></span> -suds to the body and root of the tree; this will -kill and destroy the worm which so frequently -destroys your trees. The lie which is left at -the bottom of the kettle from boiling hot soap -is very good and should always be used to wash -your trees. If you wish to preserve your peach -trees, you should by all means search the roots -and body of the tree, and where you find any -gum caused by the worm, remove it by means -of a knife, carefully cutting away where any -gum is found, and as far as there seems to be -a hollow under the bark, then wash the whole -stem well, suffering it to run to the roots: It is -stated by a worthy gentleman, that by planting -tansey around the tree, the worm will not -trouble the roots. This is simple enough and -worthy of a trial. It is hoped that these important -truths will cause the Farmer and others -to put them in practice, and it most undoubtedly -will be the means of raising improved fruit -and will be richly paid for all his labour.</p> - -<h3>HOW TO CATCH AN OWL.</h3> - -<p>Those who are troubled with owls, let them -set a steel trap on the top of a pole near the -hen roost, and you will be certain to catch him.</p> - -<hr /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_1_supp" id="Page_1_supp">[1]</a></span></p> - -<h2>A SUPPLEMENT<br /> -TO THE<br /> -FARMER’S OWN BOOK:</h2> - -<p class="titlepage">A TREATISE ON THE<br /> -<span class="larger">Diseases of Horned Cattle,</span><br /> -<span class="smaller">WITH AN</span><br /> -<span class="larger">EXPLANATION OF THEIR SYMPTOMS,</span><br /> -<span class="smaller">AND THE</span><br /> -COURSE OF TREATMENT TO BE PURSUED.</p> - -<p class="titlepage">PUBLISHED BY<br /> -<span class="larger">J. D. KOOGLE,</span><br /> -Middletown, Maryland.<br /> -1858.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_2_supp" id="Page_2_supp">[2]</a></span></p> - -<h3>PREFACE.</h3> - -<p>The beneficence of an all wise Providence in -organizing man, so as to secure him dominion -over animals of inferior physical construction, -impose on him obligations to exercise that eminent -advantage in a spirit of mercy and in mitigation -of the pains and disorder of the brute -creation! Impose upon him as a gentleman, -as an intelligent Farmer, or as a man of humanity; -should deem it essential to make himself familiar -with the nature and injuries of the suffering -brute. To say nothing of the duty, which -common intelligence and humanity enjoins upon -every one to prepare himself with proper information, -remedies and common medicines, which -will enable him to extend immediate relief to -the speechless, suffering animals. No man -should hesitate, to provide himself with a book -which will teach him plainly in what way to -give relief to the poor speechless brute.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_3_supp" id="Page_3_supp">[3]</a></span></p> - -<h3>THE AGE.</h3> - -<p>The age of neat cattle is very difficult to get -at, until they reach the age of three years; after -this, we get at the age by the horns. The -surface of the horn continues very smooth, until -the expiration of the second year of the animals -life, when a wrinkle or circle of thicker -horn begins to be formed around the base. This -is truly completed in twelve months and another -ring then begins to appear, so that if the -perfect rings or circles are counted, and two added -to them, the age of the beast is supposed -to be ascertained. These rings, however, are -not always clear and distinct, and it is very -easy to remove one or two of them with a rasp, -at least to the unpracticed eye, when the animal -begins to be remarkably old. In addition -to this, a well known fact should be stated:—That -if a heifer takes the bull at about two -years old, the first ring is formed a twelve -month before its usual time, and consequently -she would always appear to be reckoning by -her horns, a twelve month older than she really<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_4_supp" id="Page_4_supp">[4]</a></span> -is. After all, the age as denoted by the horn can -only be calculated in the Cow. These rings do -not begin to appear in the Ox or Bull until the -animal is five years old, and then they are frequently -too confused to be accurately counted.</p> - -<p>When in health, a softness of the skin, and a -glossy appearance of the hair, not only indicates -present health, but a disposition to thrive; while -a hard dry skin clinging to the ribs, and a staring -in every direction, show that there is something -wrong in the constitution, and that it will -be labor in vain to attempt to fatten such a -beast, for your own interest, you should put -your beast in good condition, and keep it in condition.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<h3>ON THE DISEASES OF HORNED CATTLE.</h3> - -<p><span class="smcap">Inflammation</span>:—Inflammation is the most frequent -diseased condition to which neat Cattle -are subject. External inflammation is known by -the part being swollen, tender and hotter, than -in its natural state; in garget or downfall of the -udder, which is an inflammation of one or more<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_5_supp" id="Page_5_supp">[5]</a></span> -quarters of the bag; the affected parts are swollen, -tender and hot. If this state of the bag is -neglected, matter or pus will be formed, and -make a troublesome job, this should not be neglected -or deferred; if it is properly treated, the -swelling heat and tenderness will generally disappear.</p> - -<h4>INTERNAL INFLAMMATION.</h4> - -<p>Internal Inflammation by other and often more -indistinct symptoms. We can here seldom ascertain -the heat or tenderness, or swelling of the -part, and can usually only judge of the complaint, -by the effects which it produces on the -system. Every internal inflammation soon affects -the whole system, accompanied with considerable -fever, and that fever and degree of it is easily -ascertained by the heat of the breath, and the -mouth, and the base of the horn, by the redness -of the eye, hardness of the pulse and the loss of -appetite. When Inflammation seizes any important -organ, as the brain, lungs, bowels, kidneys, -udder, &c., bleeding is to be immediately had recourse -to, after bleeding, a purging drink is to<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_6_supp" id="Page_6_supp">[6]</a></span> -be administered, sometimes it is necessary to insert -a seton in the dew lap. For external inflammation -from severe bruises, wounds and -other accidents, fomentations with warm or cold -water. Poultices made of Linseed Oil, when -they can be applied.</p> - -<h4>BLEEDING, ITS UTILITY.</h4> - -<p>Bleeding is a most useful and powerful remedy, -in the cure of Inflammatory Complaints. It -lessens the quantity of blood in the vessels, and -diminishes nervous power. The following are the -chief diseases, in which bleeding is required.</p> - -<p>In all kinds of fever, itching and humors of -the skin, enlarged glands, or kernels between -the jaws, bruises, strains, catarrh or colds, &c.</p> - -<p>The jugular or neck vein, is that which is -mostly opened; in many inflammatory complaints -too much can hardly be taken, provided the bleeding -be stopped as soon as the patient appears -likely to faint or fall down. A strong healthy -Beast will bear the loss of five-six quarts of -blood without the least injury; large Cattle will<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_7_supp" id="Page_7_supp">[7]</a></span> -bear seven or eight quarts with decided advantage.</p> - -<h4>ON PHYSIC.</h4> - -<p>The chief purgative Medicines for neat Cattle -are Glauber Salts, Epsom Salts, Barbadoes aloes, -Linseed Oil and Sulphur. In some extreme -cases the Croton Nut, freshly prepared may be -used with decided advantage. Aloes are getting -into disuse, on account of it nauseating and exciting -the Animal; if it does not operate immediately, -half an ounce of aloes may be added to the -salts with decided advantage. In particular -diseases where there is considerable fever, or the -attack of fever is apprehended, there is no purgative -so beneficial as the Epsom Salts; in bad -cases twenty four ounces may be given at a dose, -and eight ounces of sulphur every six hours, -until the purgative effect is produced. Linseed -Oil is a good purgative, the dose is from a pint -to a pint and a half. Common Salt is a very -good purgative in mild cases, a pound dissolved -in warm water is a dose; it should not be given -when the animal labors with fever.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_8_supp" id="Page_8_supp">[8]</a></span></p> - -<h4>ON SETONING.</h4> - -<p>The utility of setoning is to create excitement -and unload the overloaded vessels in neighboring -inflamed parts. The mode of inserting a seton, -it is commonly made of horse hair platted together, -cord or tape alone or leather, it should -be tolerable thick and ten or twelve inches in -length. Before inserting the seton it should -be dipped or saturated with Turpentine, tincture -of Cantharides, or Helebore. The seton now -prepared; an assistant is to hold the animal, -while the seton needle with the cord affixed to -it is plunged into the upper edge of the brisket -or dew lap, and brought out again towards its -lower edge. The space between the two openings -should be from four to eight inches; the seton -is to be secured by fastening a small piece of -wood, or tying a large knot at either end of the -cord; matter will begin to run the second day, -and after that the cord should be drawn backwards -and forwards two or three times a day, -in order to irritate the parts, by this means increase -the discharge. Where a considerable effect<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_9_supp" id="Page_9_supp">[9]</a></span> -is intended to be produced, the black helebore -is the best, this will very quickly cause -considerable swelling, as well as a discharge.</p> - -<h4>COLDS AND COUGHS.</h4> - -<p>Colds or Coughs are frequently much neglected, -and very much injures the animal, let this -hint suffice, as soon as you perceive the animal -to have the cough, give a purging drink. Take -epsom salts 1 lb., powdered caraway seeds ½ oz., -dissolve in a quart of warm gruel. After that -use the cough and fever drink until relieved -twice a day.</p> - -<p>Cough and fever medicine.—Take emetic tartar -1 oz., powdered digitalis ½ drachm, saltpetre -3 drachms, mix and give in a quart of gruel; -house the beast and keep it comfortable, especially -at night, do not expose to cold and wet -weather.</p> - -<p>If the above should not give relief: Take -emetic tartar half drachm, nitre two drachms, -powdered gentian root one drachm, powdered -chamomile flowers one drachm and powder ginger<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_10_supp" id="Page_10_supp">[10]</a></span> -half drachm. Pour upon them a pint of -boiling ale, and give the infusion, when nearly -cold; give until relieved. Should not this entirely -relieve—take liquorice root 2 oz; bruise -and boil in a quart of water, until the fluid is -reduced to a pint, then add two drachms powdered -squills, honey 2 ounces; add to the above -and give as directed in the above.</p> - -<h4>INFLAMMATION OF THE LUNGS.</h4> - -<p>Inflammation of the Lungs is caused by perspiration, -sudden and great changes of the -weather, especially when accompanied with wet -and damp air at night, and particularly when -driving a long journey.</p> - -<p>Symptoms are dullness, shivering cough, -particularly soar, the ear, roots of the horns -and legs are generally cold; the breath and -mouth is hot, the mouth generally open, and -there is a ropy discharge from it; the beast will -often lie down and can scarcely be induced to -move, the flanks heave, the head is protruded, -showing great difficulty in breathing.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_11_supp" id="Page_11_supp">[11]</a></span></p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Remedy</span>:—Copious bleeding is the first and -great important remedy; bleed until the beast -trembles, if you do not, you will lose your -beast; next, place in your seton in the dewlap, -fire the sides and blister, then follow with the -Fever medicine. Emetic tartar 1 drachm, digitalis -½ drachm, nitre ⅓ drachms; continue until -relieved twice a day.</p> - -<h4>DERANGEMENT OF THE LUNGS.</h4> - -<p>When the milch Cow is attacked, there is a -diminution of the milk, and it has a ropy appearance -and a saltish taste after being separated -from the cream. The animal has a heavy -appearance; the eyes being dull, with a stiffened -staggering gait; the appetite is impaired, the -nostrils and skin is of a yellow color, the bowels -are generally costive, by pressing on the edge of -the short ribs on the right side, the animal will -shrink, indicating pain and tenderness. Remedy:—If -any fever bleed, then follow with one -or two drachms of calomel, 1 scruple of Opium, -2 drachms of ginger, give in gruel a few hours<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_12_supp" id="Page_12_supp">[12]</a></span> -afterwards. Give 12 ounces epsom salt and -half pint Linseed oil; the calomel and opium -may be repeated twice a day, and the purgative -also, until the bowels are sufficiently operated -upon; the sides may also be blistered, and seton -may also be inserted. If the animal should be -left weak, use the following tonic drink:—Gentian -root powder ½ oz., ginger 1 drachm, epsom -salts 2 oz., mix the whole with a pint of warm -water gruel, and give it morning and night.</p> - -<h4>INFLAMMATION OF THE BRAIN.</h4> - -<p><span class="smcap">Causes</span>:—It proceeds most commonly from redundancy -of blood, or overflowing of the blood, -by means of hastening the fattening too rapidly, -or by turning in a rich pasture.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Symptoms</span>:—In the early period of it, the beast -is dull and stupid, he stands with his head protruding, -or pressed against something for support, -he refuses to eat, is unconscious of the surrounding -objects, now and then suddenly drops as if -he were shot, he starts up all at once, is fearless -of any surrounding object, his eyes will become<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_13_supp" id="Page_13_supp">[13]</a></span> -red starting from their sockets, will stagger -about, falling and rising again and run against -everything in his way, he will stamp, tear up -the ground with its horns, run at every one -within its reach, bellowing until nature is quite -exhausted; trembling will then come over him, -he will grind his teeth and saliva will pour from -his mouth, every limb will be convulsed and he -will presently fall and die.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Remedy</span>:—The chief or only cure is bleeding, -let the blood flow rapidly until he falls from the -loss of blood. Setons should be placed on each -side of the poll, and blistered on the forehead, -then follow with heavy doses of physic, when -relieved feed cautiously for a few weeks.</p> - -<h4>STAGGERS <span class="smcapuc">OR</span> SWIMMING in THE HEAD.</h4> - -<p><span class="smcap">Cause</span>:—Starvation during the winter season, -and being admitted into too fertile a pasture in -the Spring, producing a redundancy of blood, -which gives rise to the disease.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Symptoms</span>:—Are heaviness, dullness, disposition -to sleep, resting his head upon any convenient<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_14_supp" id="Page_14_supp">[14]</a></span> -place, reels and staggers when he attempts -to walk.</p> - -<p>If this disease is not checked by bleeding, or -purging, or proper management, it may terminate -in inflammation of the brain or fever.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Remedy</span>:—This must be remedied by bleeding, -purging and giving the fever medicine—after -purging, give emetic tartar one drachm, -digitalis ½ drachm, nitre ¼ drachms twice a day -until relieved, feed cautiously.</p> - -<h4>INFLAMMATION -OF THE BOWELS WITH COSTIVENESS.</h4> - -<p>Inflammation of the bowels is by no means -an uncommon disease among neat cattle, very -often proves fatal. It is easily recognized by -the peculiar symptoms.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Cause</span>:—This disease mostly arises from exposure -to cold, and especially when cattle go into -rivers or ponds, after being heated and fatigued, -chilling the blood. It is sometimes -produced by too much dry or stimulating food.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Symptoms</span>:—The animal is continually lying<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_15_supp" id="Page_15_supp">[15]</a></span> -down, getting up again, strikes at his belly -with his hind feet. The bowels obstinately -constipated; dungs in small quantities, hard, -covered with mucus at times, streaked with -blood—the urine is generally voided with difficulty -and heaving at the flanks, accompanied -with fever, becomes fearfully weak and staggers -as he walks, he leaves his company, hides himself -under hedges, &c. Becomes deaf, he trembles -all over, his skin is hot, back and loins tender, -ears and horns hot, indicating the highest -degree of general fever.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Remedy</span>:—The first thing to be done and that -which admits of no delay, is to bleed profusely. -Next, purge freely; continue the purging medicines -until the bowels are freely opened, then lessen -the doses so as to keep the bowels open. In -severe cases you must give injections until the -medicines operate freely. This is a very dangerous -disease and the course pursued must be -decisive, or the beast is lost! The only hope -you have after bleeding, is in physicing; you -should by all means clyster largely and in great -quantities, the epsom salts and castor oil will -do no harm; thin gruel is very good! Let these -hints suffice.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_16_supp" id="Page_16_supp">[16]</a></span></p> - -<h4>DIARRHEA OR PURGING.</h4> - -<p><span class="smcap">Diarrhea or Purging</span>:—In the first place indicates -some disordered state of the bowels, or -the presence of some offending matter in them, -and he will endeavor to remedy this; not by -attempting to arrest the discharge too speedily! -First, give a mild physic, then follow with the -astringent.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Remedy</span>:—Take a strong decoction, white oak -bark 3 ounces, laudanum 1½ oz., golden tincture -1 oz. Give it in thin gruel until relieved.</p> - -<p>Dysentery, Slimy Flux, or scouring rot is -treated the same way. The symptoms of this -are considerable tenderness on the spine a little -beyond the shoulders, the dewlap hangs down, -and has a flabby appearance; the dung runs off -with a putrid and offensive smell, and as it falls -upon the ground, rises up in bubbles, the hair -appears pen feathered or starring; the eyes are -generally inflamed, with heaving of the flanks, -painful twitching of the belly, severe straining, -griping, &c. This disease treated the same as -Diarrhea.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_17_supp" id="Page_17_supp">[17]</a></span></p> - -<h4>RED WATER.</h4> - -<p><span class="smcap">Red Water</span>:—This disease consists of a discharge -of high colored urine, occasionally tinged -with a bloody appearance, it is an affection of -the kidneys; in some cases the discharge changes -to a dark red, or blackish color. When the -kidneys are effected, the beast evinces tenderness -on pressing the loins.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Remedy</span>:—Take oil of juniper ½ oz., laudanum -1 oz., oil turpentine 1 oz., mix and give in a -pint linseed tea, once or twice a day until relieved. -The oil of juniper may be increased or -diminished as the case may require it.</p> - -<h4>GARGET, DOWNFALL IN THE UDDER, -OR INFLAMED BAG.</h4> - -<p>This is a disease of the utmost consequence to -the owners of Cattle; young Cows in high condition -are most liable to it, especially at the time -of calving. This disease makes its appearance -in one or more quarters of the bag, which becomes -swollen, hard, hotter than usual and painful -when pressed. The milk is lessened and -mingled with blood, pus and corruption, at<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_18_supp" id="Page_18_supp">[18]</a></span> -times the flow of milk is totally stopped and -sometimes the inflammation extends to the hip -joint, hock and foot lock.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Remedy</span>:—It will be necessary as soon as the -downfall is discovered, and especially in an aggravated -case, to bring the animal out of the -pasture and if deemed necessary, take from three -to five quarts of blood according to the size or -strength, next give her a purging drink and -bathe the udder well with elder ointment, or use -mercurial garget ointment, which is made by -taking soft Soap 1 lb., Mercurial Ointment 2 -ounces, camphor rubbed down with a little spirits -of wine 1 ounce, rub them well together. -Should there be any fever, give a few doses of -fever medicine; this is a disease of great importance, -as many Cows are ruined or lost purely -from neglect. The milk must be taken from -the Cow perfectly clean, and this should be done -several times during the day; and the Cow must -be fed scantily and with no stimulating food.</p> - -<p>The teats sometimes get very sore, this is easily -remedied by using the ointment for sore teats. -Take elder ointment 6 ounces, Bees wax 2 -ounces, Sugar of lead 1 ounce, Alum 1 ounce in<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_19_supp" id="Page_19_supp">[19]</a></span> -fine powder, mix them well together, whilst -cooling bathe the teats freely.</p> - -<h4>TREATMENT OF THE COW, BEFORE -AND DURING CALVING.</h4> - -<p>It is an old and true saying, and the truth of -it is nowhere more evident than in treatment of -the Milch Cow; that the prevention of an evil -is better than the cure. The Cow should be -dried six or eight weeks before calving, for two -reasons: First, the strength and constitution -of the Cow require a little respite. Second, the -mixture of the old milk and the new secretions, -that nature prepares for the expected calf. During -the early period of gestation, the animal -may and should be tolerably well fed, for she -has to provide milk for the Dairy, and nourishment -for the fœtus. But when she is dried, -her food should be considerably diminished:—She -should not be too fat, or full of blood at the -time of calving, for that is the frequent cause of -difficult labor, garget fever and death.</p> - -<p>There are few things in which the Farmer<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_20_supp" id="Page_20_supp">[20]</a></span> -errs, more than in this. There is also an error -in starving her before she calves, but, is much -more danger in bringing her into too high condition. -Some Cows are apt to slink their calves -before their time; this generally happens about -the middle of their pregnancy. She becomes -feverish of her food, wandering in search of -something which she seems to be longing for. -She should be immediately removed from the -other cows, bled and physiced; the best thing -to be done is to fatten her for the butcher, for -she will be very certain to do the same again. -When the ninth month is nearly expired, she -should be looked after; if in high condition, she -should be physiced, and if necessary, bled, and -if she is about to calve, she should be separated -from the other cows, or brought into the cow-house, -and suffered to remain quiet, and undisturbed. -But should she not be successful in -calving within a reasonable time, she should -have assistance.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Symptoms</span>:—Are uneasiness, slight lifting of -the tail, lying down and getting up. The still -earlier symptoms are enlargement of the udder, -and redness of the space between the shape and -the udder.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_21_supp" id="Page_21_supp">[21]</a></span></p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Treatment</span>:—When the labor has actually -commenced, the membranes will more and more -protrude until they break, and the fluid by which -the calf was surrounded will escape. If her pains -are strong, she should not be meddled with for a -few hours. And if no portion of the Calf presents -itself, the hand well greased should be introduced, -in order to ascertain the situation, and -position of the calf. The natural position is with -the fore feet presenting, and the muzzel lying -upon the fore leg. If this is found to be the case -and it has advanced into the passage, sometime -longer should be allowed to see what nature will -do. However, as soon as you perceive the throes -to begin to weaken, if no progress has been -made, manual assistance must be rendered.</p> - -<p>Here there are two objects to be accomplished; -the saving of the lives of both the mother and -the young one; all should be done gently.</p> - -<h5>THE MODE OF ASSISTANCE.</h5> - -<p>The hand should be well greased, then introduced,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_22_supp" id="Page_22_supp">[22]</a></span> -and the fore-legs of the calf laid hold of -and drawn down, drawing gently at the moment -of the mother’s throes. Care should be -taken that the head is accompanying them. The -hand will sometimes be sufficient for this purpose. -If the head cannot be moved by the hand, -a cord must be procured with a slip knot at the -end, which is to be moved carefully into the passage, -and the mouth of the young animal being -opened, fastened round his lower jaw, the end -of this must be given to an assistant, who should -pull gently but firmly at the moment of the -throes, while the operator draws out the feet.</p> - -<p>Should not this succeed, take two other cords -or rope, and fasten one around each leg—two -assistants should pull at the feet and another at -the head; while one ascertains the progress that -is made—too much force should not be used, as -the calf may yet be saved. Remember the natural -position of the calf, is the presenting of the -muzzel lying upon the fore-legs. The most -usual false position, is the presentation of the -head, while the feet of the calf are doubled down -under his belly. A cord must be passed as before, -around the lower jaw, which is then to be<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_23_supp" id="Page_23_supp">[23]</a></span> -pushed back into the womb. The operator now -introduces his hand and feels the situation of -the feet, then fix a cord around each pastern, or -about the knee, and bring them into the passage. -The head is next to be brought forward -again by means of the cord; the cords being -now pulled steadily together, it will generally -be extracted. Should the calf be dead, and -much swollen, the head may then be opened by -means of a knife, so as to lessen the bulk. -When the feet present and the head is doubled -under the rim of the passage, the cords should -be placed round the feet, the hand passed into -the womb, and the cord looped round the lower -jaw. The calf pushed farther back into the -womb, the head brought into the passage and -the three ropes pulled together. The delivery -effected as quickly as may be without the exertion -of more force than is necessary.</p> - -<p>The last false presentation is the breach—the -tail appearing at the mouth of the shape. -The hand is to be passed into the uterus, fasten -the cords around each hock. The calf is then -pushed as far back as possible into the womb, -and the hocks are after brought into the passage,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_24_supp" id="Page_24_supp">[24]</a></span> -the head placed in the proper position, -and the ropes changed if necessary, and all -three cords drawn gently, until the calf is extracted; -considerable force is sometimes needed, -but should all be done gently, with an increase -of drawing, until the job is completed. By -studying these cases, the operator will be able -to accomplish his object. In all cases of false -presentations, although great force must sometimes -be used.</p> - -<p>The uterus, or calf bed is sometimes protruded -and inverted. The case is not desperate. -The part must be cleansed from blood and dirt, -and supported by a sheet, then the operator beginning -at the very bottom of the womb, returning -gradually, and with great care, and -patience. The animal should be bled before -this is attempted, and the application of cold water -should be used for some time; this will contract -the womb, and render its return more easy. -A stick or couple should be passed through the -lips of the shape; in order to prevent its return, -and give the following medicines a few times: -Take laudanum 1 oz., sweet spirits of nitre 2 oz., -give in a pint of warm gruel. The protrusion<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_25_supp" id="Page_25_supp">[25]</a></span> -or inversion of the gut, should be returned the -same as in the womb, and a few sticks placed -through the shape.</p> - -<p>The Cow should in all cases be suffered to -lick or clean the calf, as nature has designed it. -The cow and calf will be much happier if suffered -to remain together for several hours, having -free access to each other. The mother should -not be exposed to severe weather, immediately -after calving. Should have a few warm mashes.</p> - -<h4>THE MILK FEVER.</h4> - -<p>This is a disease which is prevalent amongst -Cows in high condition.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Symptoms</span>:—Staggering gait, breathing irregular, -eyes full and glassy, the animal reels, is -unconscious, the head turned on one side, the -feeling partially lost, the legs sometimes become -paralyzed.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Remedy</span>:—Take epsom salts 12 ounces, flour -sulphur 4 ounces, ginger ¼ oz., spirits of nitrous -ether 1 oz., dissolve in warm water—give one -half of this twice a day, until the bowels are -opened, continue until relieved.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_26_supp" id="Page_26_supp">[26]</a></span></p> - -<h4>DISEASES OF THE EYE.</h4> - -<p>Diseases of the eye are generally inflammations, -and caused by a bruise or blow inflicted -carelessly.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Remedy</span>:—First bathe the eye well with cold -water several times, say some ten or fifteen minutes -at a time. Then use the following lotion. -Take 40 grains sulphate of zinc, dissolve in ½ -pint soft warm water, and bathe the eyes until -completely relieved.</p> - -<h4>THE HOOVE <span class="smcapuc">OR</span> BLOWEN <span class="smcapuc">FROM</span> PASTURE.</h4> - -<p><span class="smcap">Causes</span>:—The cause of Cattle becoming bloated, -is from being turned into the pasture in the -spring of the year, whilst the pasture is young -and full of sap, the ox or cow eats greedily and -rapidly, so much so that the stomach is unable -to propel forward, the portions of food as it -is received, and becomes overloaded and clogged, -the food remaining in the stomach too long. -Then comes the great danger; what you can do -must be done at once, or not at all. The symptoms<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_27_supp" id="Page_27_supp">[27]</a></span> -are plain enough, the beast swells to an -enormous extent, the breathing is very laborious, -and the beast is threatened with suffocation from -the pressure of the stomach on the lungs. The -animal is lost unless relief is soon obtained.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Remedy</span>:—Relief is sometimes obtained from -motion and running the beast moderately; sometimes -from placing tar, or a tar band into the -mouth; sometimes from taking salt and black -pepper and throwing it down the throat; some -persons have run a lancet, or pocket knife, into -the animal, at the spot passing through the skin, -and the wall of the belly, so as to enter the -paunch; this should be done midway between -the last rib and the haunch bone. Another excellent -remedy is ½ oz. Chloride of Lime, put into -a pint or quart of warm water, and put into the -stomach, these generally give immediate relief. -There are other remedies, which generally give -relief; such as Lime water—also 1½ ounces of -Hartshorn may be given, with 1½ pints of water, -or 1 ounce Sulphuric Ether in 1 pint of water. -The following is plain and simple, and gives relief -in almost every case. This has been used -extensively, and always given satisfaction.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_28_supp" id="Page_28_supp">[28]</a></span></p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Receipt</span>:—Take two tablespoonsful Rappee -Snuff, 1 gill Vinegar, 1 gill Sweet Milk. Mix -well and give as a drench. This has been -thoroughly tried and relieved nineteen cases -out of twenty; it is simple and worthy of attention. -No time should be lost in this disease; -what you can do must be done at once, or not -at all.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Preventatives</span>:—Every Farmer should adopt -the rule, to feed his cattle the following:</p> - -<p>Every morning, take 1 pint air slacked lime, -1 pint ground alum salt—mix well and feed -with offal. Every particle of the lime should -be slacked. Adopt this rule and you will have -little or no trouble with your cattle. Dose from -1 to 2 tablespoonsful every morning, in offal -before turning into pasture. Another preventative:—Take -ashes, air slacked lime, and ground -alum salt, equal portions, and feed every morning, -or if you have not the lime, the salt and -ashes will do well.</p> - -<h4>CHOKING.</h4> - -<p>Cattle are extremely liable to become choked -on turnips, roots, apples, potatoes.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_29_supp" id="Page_29_supp">[29]</a></span></p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Remedy</span>:—Give ½ pint of oil, which will lubricate -the passage, then run gag, or tube, or rod, -with a knob at the end, down the throat; this -should be done carefully, so as not to injure the -parts. Should you not give relief by this means, -find the position, or place where the apple, or -turnip has lodged. This may be done by pressing -carefully along down the throat; place a -block on the one side of the object, then strike -a right smart blow with a mallet, or billet of -wood, sufficient to crush the apple or object to -pieces, which will instantly be blown out, and the -animal relieved.</p> - -<h4>POISONS.</h4> - -<p>Little can be done in this, unless you have a -pump, so as to extract the poison from the -stomach, then follow with physics.</p> - -<h4>EMBROCATION FOR BITE OF VIPER.</h4> - -<p>Take hartshorn, spirits camphor, olive oil, -equal quantities—mix and rub the wound, and -neighboring parts well, morning and night.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_30_supp" id="Page_30_supp">[30]</a></span></p> - -<p>One pint whiskey, 1 ounce hartshorn, 1 oz. -spirits camphor, ½ pint warm water should be -given to the animal.</p> - -<h4>WOUNDS.</h4> - -<p>The first thing is to clean the wound from all -dirt and gravel. A good fomentation with -warm water will effect this. If the wound is -much lacerated, or punctured, we must bring -them neatly together. If any portions so torn -as to prevent its from doing this completely, -they should be removed with a knife, or sharp -scissors; then the edges brought together by -means of passing a needle and strong waxed -twine deeply through them, making two, three -or more stitches, half inch from each other. -Then apply the tincture of myrrh and aloes, and -bandage tolerably firm, not so much so as to -prevent the circulation. If there should be -proud flesh, the wound must be cleansed with a -strong solution of blue vitriol, and then dressed -with the tincture. All wounds should be first -well cleansed, before applying anything on -them.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_31_supp" id="Page_31_supp">[31]</a></span></p> - -<h4>ANGLE BERRIES OR WARTS.</h4> - -<p>These are little warty tumors, growing on various -parts of the skin, and sometimes on the -teats.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Remedy</span>:—The easiest and shortest way to remove -them, is to tie a piece of waxed silk firmly -around the base of each, and to tighten them -every day; by means of this, the tumor will drop -off, and will rarely grow again. To make it certain, -the parts should be touched with a hot iron -or lunar caustic; the warts should be well scarred, -and they will never appear again.</p> - -<h4>THE FOUL IN THE FOOT.</h4> - -<p>The first thing is to examine the wound carefully, -and see how far it extends under the hoof -or horn. The first step is to clean all the foul -or proud flesh, by means of a knife, then apply -lunar caustic, or muriatic acid, until the wound -becomes healthy and dry. In extreme cases -where there is swelling, apply a poultice night -and morning, then apply the caustic, and keep<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_32_supp" id="Page_32_supp">[32]</a></span> -dry and from all danger of getting dirt and -gravel in. When the wound begins to look -healthy, apply the tincture of Aloes and Myrrh, -until perfectly relieved, and give a gentle purgative.</p> - -<h4>TO DRY A COW OF HER MILK.</h4> - -<p>The best time to dry cows is whilst feeding -dry feed. A good dose of physic and after it has -operated, follow with an astringent drink, will -generally settle the business. Six drachms of -alum dissolved in 1 pint water, is a dose. The -cow should be milked clean when the astringent -is given; feed on dry food for a few days. -Should the udder get very hard in a few days, -milk clean and give another astringent drink, -and the third may be given if necessary.</p> - -<h4>THE MANGE.</h4> - -<p>This is a troublesome disease among cattle, -at times the itching torments the beast wonderfully, -causing the cow to fall off in her milk,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_33_supp" id="Page_33_supp">[33]</a></span> -and generally get thin in flesh, if suffered to -remain any length of time. The most effectual -application is an ointment, which, sulphur is -the principal ingredient.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Mange Ointment</span>:—Take flour of sulphur 1 -lb., strong mercurial ointment 2 ounces, common -turpentine ½ pint, lard 1½ lb. Melt the turpentine -and lard together well; stir in the sulphur -when it begins to cool—when cool, rub the -mercurial ointment on a marble slab, with the -other ingredients, mix these together. This -should be well rubbed in with the hand daily, -wherever there is mange. If in the winter, the -animal should not be exposed to severe cold. -Give a few doses of physic, with sulphur added -to it. Warbles gad fly or ose fly, is quite an -annoyance to the animal. The fly generally -alights on the back, deposits the egg under the -skin, causing a tumour to rise the size of an hazel -nut, some larger—it soon bursts, leaving a -hole on the top, for the grub or worm, which -now lives and feeds on the fatty matter.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Remedy</span>:—Squeeze out the worm or grub, by -pressing firmly, if this cannot be accomplished, -open it with a lancet or knife, and put in a few<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_34_supp" id="Page_34_supp">[34]</a></span> -drops spirits turpentine, a few times which will -destroy the grub.</p> - -<h4>RABIES OR HYDROPHOBIA.</h4> - -<p>This is a dreadful Disease, produced by the -bite of a rabid or mad dog. The symptoms of -its approach are dullness, loss of appetite, the -eyes protruding and red; is continually voiding -urine or dunging, saliva drivels from his mouth: -presently weakness of the loins, and staggering -appear; sometimes they linger six or seven days, -and die. There is no cure.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Remedy</span>:—Destroy the animal as soon as possible. -Care should be taken that the saliva is -not received on a wound; any wound which it -has fallen on, should be immediately well burned -with lunar caustic. Should you see the rabid -dog bite your animal, and find the spot, immediately -burn the wound well with the lunar -caustic, there is a possibility of their escape. -The hair should be clipped off, and every scratch -carefully touched with the caustic.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_35_supp" id="Page_35_supp">[35]</a></span></p> - -<h4>FOR YOUNG CALVES.</h4> - -<p>Should the mother’s milk not be sufficient -to operate upon the bowels, or not at all, give 1 -or 2 ounces Epsom salts, according to the size: -dissolve in ½ pint gruel, add a little ginger, and -a few drops peppermint, or as you may give -Castor oil; if it should be an obstinate case, give -an injection or two of salts dissolved in water, -and a little castor oil, this will set all right.</p> - -<h4>COW POWDERS.</h4> - -<p>This is an excellent powder for general derangements -of the System. Such as falling off -of the milk, dullness, stupidness, staring of -the hair, &c.</p> - -<p>This powder is truly astonishing in its effects -on cattle, giving new life and vigor to the animal. -No owner of cattle should do without -this powder, and should adopt the rule to feed -all his cattle, some of the powder, once or twice -a year, and especially before commencing to<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_36_supp" id="Page_36_supp">[36]</a></span> -fatten them. This powder is equally as good -for Sheep. Take</p> - -<ul> -<li>½ pound gentian root,</li> -<li>½ <span class="ditto1">“</span> flour of brimstone,</li> -<li>½ <span class="ditto1">“</span> fenugreek,</li> -<li>½ <span class="ditto1">“</span> rosin,</li> -<li>½ <span class="ditto1">“</span> copperas,</li> -<li>¼ <span class="ditto1">“</span> cream of tartar,</li> -<li>½ <span class="ditto1">“</span> epsom salts,</li> -<li>½ <span class="ditto1">“</span> juniper berries,</li> -<li>½ <span class="ditto1">“</span> spice berries,</li> -<li>¼ <span class="ditto1">“</span> salts nitre,</li> -<li>½ <span class="ditto1">“</span> ginger,</li> -<li>¼ <span class="ditto1">“</span> caraway seed,</li> -<li>¼ <span class="ditto1">“</span> aniseed,</li> -<li>2 oz. antimony,</li> -<li>2 oz. columbo,</li> -<li>1 oz. gum asafœtida,</li> -<li>2 oz. alum,</li> -</ul> - -<p>Pulverize these articles fine and mix well, -and it is ready for use. Any of the above articles -can be had at any Drug Store.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Directions for Use</span>:—Dose for a full grown -animal, one tablespoonful once or twice a day, -as the case may require.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_37_supp" id="Page_37_supp">[37]</a></span></p> - -<p>This powder cannot be excelled, it is an excellent -medicine for all derangements of the system, -it is perfectly harmless, and should be fed -sometime in all chronic and lingering diseases, -or at least until entirely relieved, and the system -put in perfect health. No animal can thrive -unless in health. Therefore every farmer should -adopt the rule to feed all his stock, and especially -those which he wishes to fatten with some -of these powders; by so doing you will save feed -and time. In fattening, feed on offal.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Directions</span>:—For a full grown sheep, dose, 1 -teaspoonful once or twice a day, as the necessity -of the case may require. Feed on offal.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<h2>INDEX TO DISEASES OF HORSES.</h2> - -<ul> - -<li class="ifrst">Bots or Grubs, <span class="smcap">Page.</span> <a href="#Page_25">25-26</a></li> - -<li>Brood Mares, <a href="#Page_57">57</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Chest Founder, <a href="#Page_39">39</a></li> - -<li>Chronic Cough, <a href="#Page_45">45</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Ears, <a href="#Page_30">30</a></li> - -<li>Enlargement of the Hock, <a href="#Page_48">48</a></li> - -<li>Epidemics, <a href="#Page_44">44</a></li> - -<li>Eyes, <a href="#Page_29">29</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Flatulent Colic, <a href="#Page_9">9</a> <a href="#Page_10">10</a> <a href="#Page_11">11</a></li> - -<li>Founder Acute, <a href="#Page_52">52</a> <a href="#Page_53">53</a> <a href="#Page_54">54</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Grease, <a href="#Page_50">50</a> <a href="#Page_51">51</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Inflammation, <a href="#Page_40">40</a> <a href="#Page_41">41</a> <a href="#Page_42">42</a></li> - -<li>—— Bladder, <a href="#Page_15">15</a> <a href="#Page_16">16</a></li> - -<li>—— Bowels, <a href="#Page_22">22</a> <a href="#Page_23">23</a> <a href="#Page_24">24</a></li> - -<li>—— Feet, <a href="#Page_52">52</a> <a href="#Page_53">53</a> <a href="#Page_54">54</a></li> - -<li>—— Kidneys, <a href="#Page_17">17</a></li> - -<li>—— Larynx, <a href="#Page_43">43</a> <a href="#Page_44">44</a></li> - -<li>—— Lungs, <a href="#Page_18">18</a> <a href="#Page_19">19</a> <a href="#Page_20">20</a> <a href="#Page_21">21</a></li> - -<li>Injury of the Eyes, <a href="#Page_34">34</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Lampass, <a href="#Page_35">35</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Membranes of the Nose, <a href="#Page_27">27</a> <a href="#Page_28">28</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Physicing, <a href="#Page_47">47</a></li> - -<li>Poll Evil, <a href="#Page_5">5</a> <a href="#Page_6">6</a> <a href="#Page_7">7</a> <a href="#Page_8">8</a></li> - -<li>Process of Teething, <a href="#Page_36">36</a> <a href="#Page_37">37</a> <a href="#Page_38">38</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Rabies or Madness, <a href="#Page_33">33</a></li> - -<li>Restiveness or taming Horses, <a href="#Page_55">55</a> <a href="#Page_56">56</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Spasmodic Colic, <a href="#Page_12">12</a> <a href="#Page_13">13</a> <a href="#Page_14">14</a></li> - -<li>Sprain of Back Sinews, <a href="#Page_48">48</a></li> - -<li>—— of Coffin Joint, <a href="#Page_49">49</a></li> - -<li>Staggers, <a href="#Page_31">31</a> <a href="#Page_32">32</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Thick or Broken Wind, <a href="#Page_46">46</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Warts, <a href="#Page_58">58</a></li> - -</ul> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<h2>INDEX TO RECEIPTS BELONGING TO THE HORSE.</h2> - -<ul> - -<li class="ifrst">A Good Horse Powder, <a href="#Page_68">68</a></li> - -<li>Arabian Oil for Horses, <a href="#Page_61">61</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Blistering, <a href="#Page_69">69</a></li> - -<li>—— Ointment, <a href="#Page_71">71</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Celebrated Horse Powders, <a href="#Page_60">60</a> <a href="#Page_61">61</a></li> - -<li>Cooling lotion for inflammation, <a href="#Page_74">74</a></li> - -<li>Cure for Ring Bone, <a href="#Page_71">71</a></li> - -<li>—— Blood or Bog Spavin, <a href="#Page_68">68</a></li> - -<li>—— Black Tongue, <a href="#Page_63">63</a></li> - -<li>—— Bots, <a href="#Page_62">62</a> <a href="#Page_90">90</a></li> - -<li>—— Distemper, <a href="#Page_66">66</a></li> - -<li>—— Galds on Horses, <a href="#Page_61">61</a></li> - -<li>—— Sweaney, <a href="#Page_74">74</a> <a href="#Page_75">75</a> <a href="#Page_76">76</a></li> - -<li>—— Urine Bound, <a href="#Page_65">65</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Embrocation for the Throat, <a href="#Page_67">67</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">For the Blacksmith, <a href="#Page_89">89</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Hoof Ointment, <a href="#Page_66">66</a></li> - -<li>How to throw a Horse, <a href="#Page_77">77</a> <a href="#Page_78">78</a> <a href="#Page_79">79</a> <a href="#Page_80">80</a></li> - -<li>—— to break a kicking Horse, <a href="#Page_85">85</a> <a href="#Page_86">86</a> <a href="#Page_87">87</a> <a href="#Page_88">88</a></li> - -<li>—— to make a Horse follow you, <a href="#Page_91">91</a></li> - -<li>—— to learn him to stand still, <a href="#Page_92">92</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Infallible Lotion for Bruises, &c., <a href="#Page_63">63</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Liniment for Sprains, <a href="#Page_73">73</a></li> - -<li>Lotion for Scratches or Grease, <a href="#Page_64">64</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Quiet or Tame Horses, <a href="#Page_64">64</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Rules for a Horse that Shies, <a href="#Page_81">81</a> <a href="#Page_82">82</a> <a href="#Page_83">83</a> <a href="#Page_84">84</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Spirits of Pimento, <a href="#Page_72">72</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Tincture, Aloes and Myrrh, <a href="#Page_70">70</a></li> - -<li>—— Iodine, <a href="#Page_73">73</a></li> - -<li>—— Opium, <a href="#Page_70">70</a></li> - -<li>To make Elder Ointment, <a href="#Page_67">67</a></li> - -<li>Treatment of Founder, <a href="#Page_65">65</a></li> - -</ul> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<h2>INDEX TO MEDICINES BELONGING TO THE HORSE.</h2> - -<ul> - -<li class="ifrst">Alcohol, <a href="#Page_94">94</a></li> - -<li>Aloes, <a href="#Page_95">95</a></li> - -<li>Alum, <a href="#Page_96">96</a></li> - -<li>Antimony, <a href="#Page_93">93</a></li> - -<li>Aqua-Fortis, <a href="#Page_94">94</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Balls or Pills, <a href="#Page_98">98</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Cantharides, <a href="#Page_97">97</a></li> - -<li>Charcoal, <a href="#Page_97">97</a></li> - -<li>Chloride of Lime, <a href="#Page_107">107</a></li> - -<li>Clysters, <a href="#Page_99">99</a></li> - -<li>Common Salt, <a href="#Page_106">106</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Digitalis, <a href="#Page_100">100</a></li> - -<li>Drinks and Drenches, <a href="#Page_104">104</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Fomentations, <a href="#Page_102">102</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Gentian, <a href="#Page_102">102</a></li> - -<li>Ginger, <a href="#Page_101">101</a></li> - -<li>—— Root, <a href="#Page_107">107</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Liniments, <a href="#Page_105">105</a></li> - -<li>Linseed, <a href="#Page_99">99</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Mashes, <a href="#Page_101">101</a></li> - -<li>Muriatic Acid, <a href="#Page_96">96</a></li> - -<li>Mustard, <a href="#Page_96">96</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Opium, <a href="#Page_103">103</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Pitch, <a href="#Page_100">100</a></li> - -<li>Poultices, <a href="#Page_103">103</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Spasmodics, <a href="#Page_93">93</a></li> - -<li>Spirits of Camphor, <a href="#Page_93">93</a></li> - -<li>Sulphur, <a href="#Page_105">105</a></li> - -<li>Sulphuric Acid, <a href="#Page_95">95</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Tar, <a href="#Page_104">104</a></li> - -<li>Turpentine, <a href="#Page_106">106</a></li> - -<li>Thompson’s No. 6, <a href="#Page_108">108</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Vinegar, <a href="#Page_94">94</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Zinc or Calamine Powder, <a href="#Page_108">108</a></li> - -</ul> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<h2>INDEX TO DOMESTIC MEDICINES.</h2> - -<ul> - -<li class="ifrst">American Helebore, <a href="#Page_112">112</a></li> - -<li>—— Columbo, <a href="#Page_118">118</a></li> - -<li>—— Gentuary, <a href="#Page_121">121</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Black Alder, <a href="#Page_119">119</a></li> - -<li>Blood or Percoon Root, <a href="#Page_122">122</a></li> - -<li>Boneset or Thoroughwort, <a href="#Page_123">123</a></li> - -<li>Bitter Root or Silkweed, <a href="#Page_124">124</a></li> - -<li>Boiled Cider, <a href="#Page_166">166</a></li> - -<li>Black Ink, <a href="#Page_171">171</a> <a href="#Page_172">172</a></li> - -<li>Black or Dewberry Wine, <a href="#Page_169">169</a></li> - -<li>Black or Dewberry Cordial, <a href="#Page_168">168</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Compost to prevent Crows from Corn, <a href="#Page_204">204</a></li> - -<li>Clay Poultice for Man or Horse, <a href="#Page_200">200</a></li> - -<li>Cure for bite of Mad Dog, <a href="#Page_200">200</a></li> - -<li>—— for Bite of Snake, <a href="#Page_200">200</a></li> - -<li>—— for Bronchitis, <a href="#Page_196">196</a></li> - -<li>—— for Cancer, <a href="#Page_164">164</a></li> - -<li>—— for Felon, <a href="#Page_195">195</a></li> - -<li>Cox’s Hive Syrup, <a href="#Page_187">187</a></li> - -<li>Cologne Water, <a href="#Page_178">178</a></li> - -<li>Cherry Brandy, <a href="#Page_167">167</a></li> - -<li>Consumer, <a href="#Page_129">129</a></li> - -<li>Compound Tincture of Gentian, <a href="#Page_116">116</a></li> - -<li>Cement for Grafting, <a href="#Page_115">115</a></li> - -<li>Cement to Mend Glass, <a href="#Page_111">111</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Dandeline, <a href="#Page_121">121</a></li> - -<li>Dr. Wickey’s Cholera Medicine, <a href="#Page_148">148</a> <a href="#Page_149">149</a> <a href="#Page_150">150</a> <a href="#Page_151">151</a></li> - -<li>Domestic Tonic, <a href="#Page_201">201</a></li> - -<li>Domestic Yeast, <a href="#Page_204">204</a></li> - -<li>Dr. Young’s Pills, <a href="#Page_186">186</a></li> - -<li>Domestic Cough Syrup, <a href="#Page_189">189</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Essence of Cinnamon, <a href="#Page_194">194</a></li> - -<li>Eye Water, <a href="#Page_194">194</a></li> - -<li>Essence of Peppermint, <a href="#Page_193">193</a></li> - -<li>Essence of Lemon, <a href="#Page_193">193</a></li> - -<li>Extempore Gaseous Chalybeate Water, <a href="#Page_125">125</a></li> - -<li>Emetic for Poison, <a href="#Page_113">113</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">French Patent Oil Varnish, <a href="#Page_187">187</a></li> - -<li>Furniture Polish, <a href="#Page_192">192</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Gas Beer, <a href="#Page_169">169</a></li> - -<li>Great Salve for Wounds, &c., <a href="#Page_190">190</a></li> - -<li>Grease for Carriages, &c., <a href="#Page_197">197</a></li> - -<li>Guaiacum, Amoniated Tincture, <a href="#Page_115">115</a></li> - -<li>Gentian, <a href="#Page_126">126</a></li> - -<li>Green Ointment, <a href="#Page_201">201</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Health, Its Value &c., <a href="#Page_138">138 to 142</a></li> - -<li>How to Prolong Life, <a href="#Page_143">143 to 146</a></li> - -<li>How to Keep Apples, <a href="#Page_203">203</a></li> - -<li>How to destroy Lice on Chickens, <a href="#Page_205">205</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Indian Turnip, <a href="#Page_113">113</a></li> - -<li>Indellible Ink, <a href="#Page_171">171</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Judkins’ Ointment, <a href="#Page_162">162</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Keep Cider sweet, <a href="#Page_165">165</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Liquid Opodeldoc, <a href="#Page_147">147</a></li> - -<li>Lunar Caustic, <a href="#Page_111">111</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Make Honey without Bees, <a href="#Page_161">161</a></li> - -<li>Make Soft Soap, <a href="#Page_191">191</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Ointment for Scrofulus Ulcers, <a href="#Page_201">201</a></li> - -<li>——, Milch Scald, <a href="#Page_116">116</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Piles, <a href="#Page_164">164</a></li> - -<li>Prof. Biddle’s Celebrated Preparation, <a href="#Page_174">174</a> <a href="#Page_175">175</a></li> - -<li>Preserve Butter, <a href="#Page_180">180</a></li> - -<li>Pickel Cucumbers, <a href="#Page_181">181</a></li> - -<li>Preserve Peaches, <a href="#Page_182">182</a></li> - -<li>Preserve Plumbs, <a href="#Page_182">182</a></li> - -<li>Pleurisy Root, <a href="#Page_125">125</a></li> - -<li>Pickling Pears, <a href="#Page_130">130</a></li> - -<li>Preservation of the Health, <a href="#Page_131">131 to 137</a></li> - -<li>Patent Black Japan, <a href="#Page_191">191</a></li> - -<li>Plague Blister, <a href="#Page_198">198</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Remedies for Rheumatism, <a href="#Page_152">152 to 160</a></li> - -<li>Receipt for Humors on Children, <a href="#Page_199">199</a></li> - -<li>Receipt for Hogs, <a href="#Page_197">197</a></li> - -<li>Rattleweed Root, <a href="#Page_127">127</a></li> - -<li>Remedy for Bite of a Snake, <a href="#Page_163">163</a></li> - -<li>Red Ink, <a href="#Page_171">171</a></li> - -<li>Restore the Hair in Baldness, <a href="#Page_176">176</a></li> - -<li>Remedy for Itch, <a href="#Page_185">185</a> <a href="#Page_186">186</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Soap to Take Grease out of Cloth, &c., <a href="#Page_183">183</a> <a href="#Page_184">184</a></li> - -<li>Soft Ginger Bread, <a href="#Page_181">181</a></li> - -<li>Silver Top Drink, <a href="#Page_170">170</a></li> - -<li>Simple Syrup of Rhubarb, <a href="#Page_117">117</a></li> - -<li>—— Tincture of Rhubarb, <a href="#Page_117">117</a></li> - -<li>Seneca Snake Root, <a href="#Page_114">114</a></li> - -<li>Soda Powders, <a href="#Page_190">190</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Transplanting Trees, <a href="#Page_200">200</a></li> - -<li>Tincture of Peach Kernels, <a href="#Page_202">202</a></li> - -<li>The Prickley Ash, <a href="#Page_120">120</a></li> - -<li>Toothache Balsam, <a href="#Page_177">177</a></li> - -<li>—— Drops, <a href="#Page_179">179</a></li> - -<li>Tooth Powder, <a href="#Page_177">177</a></li> - -<li>Transparent Soap, <a href="#Page_173">173</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">White Swelling, <a href="#Page_165">165</a></li> - -<li>Washing Fluid, <a href="#Page_172">172</a></li> - -<li>Worth Knowing, <a href="#Page_205">205</a></li> - -</ul> - - - - - - - - -<pre> - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Farmer's Own Book, by J. 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