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+The Project Gutenberg eBook, On the apostolical succession, by William J.
+Irons
+
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
+other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
+whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of
+the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
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+to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.
+
+
+
+
+Title: On the apostolical succession
+       Parochial lectures, second series
+
+
+Author: William J. Irons
+
+
+
+Release Date: May 20, 2015  [eBook #49006]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-646-US (US-ASCII)
+
+
+***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ON THE APOSTOLICAL SUCCESSION***
+
+
+credit
+
+
+
+Transcribed from the 1847 Joseph Masters edition by David Price, email
+ccx074@pglaf.org
+
+
+
+
+
+                      On the Apostolical Succession.
+
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+                           PAROCHIAL LECTURES.
+
+                            (_SECOND SERIES_.)
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+                                    BY
+                         WILLIAM J. IRONS, B.D.,
+           INCUMBENT OF THE HOLY TRINITY, BROMPTON, MIDDLESEX.
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+                                 LONDON:
+                  JOSEPH MASTERS, 33, ALDERSGATE STREET.
+                               MDCCCXLVII.
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+                                    TO
+
+                       EDWARD BOUVERIE PUSEY, D.D.
+
+                      (LATE FELLOW OF ORIEL COLLEGE)
+
+                         CANON OF CHRIST CHURCH,
+
+                      AND REGIUS PROFESSOR OF HEBREW
+
+                       IN THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD;
+
+                               THIS VOLUME
+
+                           (BY HIS PERMISSION)
+
+                    IS PRESENTED; WITH A DEEP FEELING
+
+                        OF THE AUTHOR'S OBLIGATION
+
+                                  TO HIM
+
+              FOR THE BLESSINGS OF HIS LEARNED INSTRUCTION,
+
+                          HIS CHRISTIAN EXAMPLE,
+
+                        AND HIS HONEST FRIENDSHIP.
+
+
+
+
+PREFACE.
+
+
+VERY little needs to be said to introduce these Lectures to the reader.
+They were delivered in Advent last, at Saint Mary's, Newington; and there
+is the same reason for publishing, which there then was for writing and
+preaching them.  I desire to assist, as far as I am able, those who are
+seeking to clear and define their thoughts, respecting the origin,
+nature, and power of the Christian Ministry.  I have aimed only at
+plainness and fairness in the statement of the argument; and have adopted
+that arrangement of the subject, in which, as far as I can judge, it
+originally came before my own mind.
+
+In the Dedication of this Volume to the Regius Professor of Hebrew at
+Oxford, I have acknowledged my great obligation to him for the
+instruction which I hope I have derived from his writings--an
+acknowledgment which, happily, I am so far from being singular in making,
+that I suppose every one who has studied them, might make the same
+statement.  But it is right that I should say, that as I have not learned
+a lesson by rote, but, from the first, thought patiently and freely for
+myself, so the Public must not consider the Professor answerable for
+every opinion which I may have expressed.  And it may be well also to
+add, that the general doctrine here set forth is not hastily taken up on
+any man's authority; but was maintained by the writer, both in private
+and public, as many will bear witness, long before he had the happiness
+and advantage of being acquainted with the works, or characters, of the
+present leading Divines of the University of Oxford.
+
+_St. Peter's_, _Walworth_, _Surrey_.
+
+
+
+
+CONTENTS.
+
+                                                                  PAGE
+                              LECTURE I.
+
+                            THE DOCTRINE.
+The Method of the Argument--Importance of a                          1
+Ministry--Scriptural aspect of the subject--Apostolical
+language concerning it--Compared with the Modern--What the
+safe inference--The original Ministry possibly still
+exists--And if so, what constitutes a Ministry--Scripture
+Language--Compared with Popular and Modern notions--Theory
+of the Inward Call--Erastian theory--The Common principle
+of all such Theories--Illustrated--The Catholic DOCTRINE of
+the Ministry--Compared with the Modern, and with
+Scripture--The Continuance of the Ministry--DOCTRINE of the
+SUCCESSION stated and explained--Reasons for the present
+Inquiry
+                             LECTURE II.
+
+                            THE EVIDENCE.
+Importance of not hastily prejudging--Argued from the         41
+parallel case of the Jewish Church--Necessity of
+considering the Evidence for the SUCCESSION--Evidence of
+Scripture, how far Important--Historical Evidence--Popular
+Difficulties--A General reply.--On Evidence--Popular
+Notions--The expected Evidence of the
+SUCCESSION--Illustrated by a parallel case--Impossible--And
+even if attainable, not satisfactory--What kind and amount
+of Evidence should be looked for--Parallels of
+Evidence--For the Scriptures--The Sacraments, and the
+Ministry of the Church--On what Evidence the Common People
+must of necessity receive the Bible--And the Apostolic
+Church--Literary Evidence of the Bible, difficult--And of
+the SUCCESSION--Analysis of it, Theoretical and
+Historical--Accumulation of the Evidence--Moral
+Certainty--Conclusion
+                             LECTURE III.
+
+                           THE OBJECTIONS.
+Necessity of considering OBJECTIONS--Classification of              69
+them--(1.)  As connected with the FACT of the Succession,
+and its Consequences.--(2.)  And the DOCTRINE, and its
+Consequences.
+
+(1.)  General Corruption--Idolatry--Schism--Infringement of
+Private Judgment--Popery and Superstition.
+
+(2.)  Judaistic
+Doctrine--Carnality--Technicality--Scriptural
+Uncertainty--Exclusiveness--Uncharitableness--Unchurching
+other Protestants--among whom may be seen many Evidences of
+God's Blessing and Religious Success--Explanation.
+
+Catholic Charity--Theoretical and Practical--Review
+                             LECTURE IV.
+
+                             THE SUMMARY.
+The Summary--Mistakes of the Ideality of                           109
+Christianity--Erroneous popular Notions and
+Arguments--Contrast of Rationalist and Catholic
+theories--Comparison--And with Scripture--Analytical Review
+of the Catholic Religion, illustrating the Doctrine of the
+Ministry--Synthetical View of the same--Conclusion
+NOTES                                                              145
+
+I.
+THE DOCTRINE.
+
+
+FROM THE EPISTLE. {1}--"How, then, shall they call on HIM in Whom they
+have not believed?--and, How shall they believe in Him of Whom they have
+not heard?--and, How shall they hear without a preacher?--and, How shall
+they preach except they be SENT?"--ROMANS x. 14.
+
+AT this season of preparation for the ADVENT, the Apostolical Ministry is
+one of the subjects especially brought before us by the CHURCH, as
+doubtless peculiarly calculated to fit our minds for the right reception
+and reverent contemplation of our SAVIOUR'S first and second Coming.  It
+would be needless to enlarge on the suitability of the Epistle selected
+for this Introductory Festival, opening and leading the way, as it does,
+to those of the whole "glorious company of the Apostles."  We can
+scarcely read the passage now quoted, without recognizing at once much of
+its appropriateness.  It contains a brief vindication both of the moral
+necessity and the Divine authority of the Christian Ministry; and so
+plainly, that, to some extent, all must perceive it.  But it may be
+highly profitable to us to draw out and examine with attention the
+subject, which St. Paul thus lays before us in epitome only; concerning
+which we know that there is much diversity of thinking among professing
+Christians, and, consequently, great danger of wrong thinking.
+
+It is too much the practice of modern theologians to refer to the New
+Testament, almost as if it were a book of aphorisms; and so, when a
+quotation is made therefrom, it seems to be inquired, what meaning it
+will _bear_; or what use can be _made_ of it; rather than, what meaning
+it _must_ have had in such a connection; or what use _must_ have been
+intended, under such circumstances.  And hence has resulted this fatal
+consequence, that the apostolic writings are commonly interpreted by
+modern opinions, instead of modern opinions being tested by the apostolic
+writings.  There is but too painful evidence of this, in the manner in
+which some men set about "proving" their peculiar system by the
+Scriptures; evidently assuming from the first that their system is
+_right_, and so (unconsciously, we trust,) sorting and arranging the
+"best texts" to establish it.  Surely an attempt to treat any other
+ancient book as the Holy Scriptures are thus treated, would not be borne
+with.  Suppose, for example, any disciple of the schools of the modern
+scepticism should attempt to show, from selected passages of some leading
+treatise of ancient philosophy, that his own opinions precisely coincided
+with those of the sage from whom he was quoting; it is evident that he
+would hereby deceive no one but himself.  On a reference to the treatise
+in question, it would be at once apparent, that it was written by one who
+held opinions widely different from the modern.  Now since, among
+Christians, there is an universal appeal to the Scriptures, would it not
+be a rational method of testing the opinions of any of the various
+classes among us, to inquire, whether it is likely that such writings
+_would_ have proceeded from the pens of men holding such and such
+opinions?  Might we not thus arrive at as sure a conclusion,
+notwithstanding all arguments from texts and passages, that some
+nominally Christian opinions now received, were not the opinions of the
+sacred writers--as that the opinions of Locke were not the opinions of
+the ancient Epicureans, notwithstanding the coincidences that might be
+found?  And if it should be seen that any class of opinions exactly
+harmonizes with the literal writings of the Apostles, so that we may
+imagine the men who held them to have naturally written what the Apostles
+wrote; then, should we not have a highly probable argument for the
+Scriptural character of those opinions?  Such an argument will in some
+degree pervade these Lectures.
+
+Few, perhaps, will fail to perceive some wide difference between that
+state of mind which is implied by our popular Christianity, and that
+which is implied by the Apostolic Epistles.  The complete unworldliness,
+the quiet, elevated self-denial, the earnest humility, the obedience on
+the one hand and authority on the other, which are the evident
+characteristics of practical Christianity as it appears in the inspired
+records, are strikingly different from all which we see now in our
+popular religion; and may at times well suggest the fear that we may have
+lost much of that faith which the first Christians possessed.  And in no
+particular is this difference more remarkably seen, than in the language
+held respecting the MINISTRY of the CHURCH; which from its undeniable
+importance deserves no light consideration.  Of course it may be said,
+that much of the difference of tone respecting the Ministry may be
+ascribed to the "cessation of apostolic authority strictly so called."
+But however this be, which we pass for the present, it is apparent to
+all, that there _is_ a difference: and so, men attempt to "account for
+the fact," rather than deny it.  To account, for example, for the
+"magnified importance" plainly attributed in Holy Scripture to the living
+voice of an APOSTOLIC MINISTRY, above and beyond, and often without
+reference to other means of Christian instruction.  Not only the plea
+just mentioned, but other similar ones are urged, as the "change of
+circumstances," the "alteration in the times," and the like, to account
+for the fact.  How dangerous all such arguments and evasions are, to
+those who seek a religion exactly, or as nearly as possible, such as the
+first Christians had, needs scarcely to be urged on any thoughtful mind.
+For after all these suppositions and reasonings, it will still remain
+very possible that THE MINISTRY first Divinely set up in the CHURCH, was
+_not_ intended essentially to change with the changing circumstances of
+this world; very possible that this might have been given as one
+permanent if not paramount means of grace for mankind, notwithstanding
+the subsequent introduction of other means, however efficacious and
+invaluable.  And then, the actually existing ministry, its historical
+continuity, its unconcealed pretensions, are facts not to be lightly set
+aside when viewed in connection with this possibility only; even if it
+were nothing more.  How much of Apostolical grace is lost from the
+ministry, it may be impossible to say; but so also it would be equally
+impossible to say how much is retained.  Hence, it must ever remain the
+_safest_ course for a Christian man to adhere to an Apostolically
+descended Ministry.  Let us not pass too hastily from these thoughts; let
+us follow them out, into minuter detail; in order to enter into the state
+of mind apparently implied by language such as that in the passage, for
+instance, which constitutes our text.
+
+
+
+
+
+***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ON THE APOSTOLICAL SUCCESSION***
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