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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6833f05 --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +* text=auto +*.txt text +*.md text diff --git a/39849-8.txt b/39849-8.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..83f7050 --- /dev/null +++ b/39849-8.txt @@ -0,0 +1,1571 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Gearr-sgeoil air Sir Seoras Uilleam Ross, by +Alexander Fraser + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Gearr-sgeoil air Sir Seoras Uilleam Ross + +Author: Alexander Fraser + +Release Date: May 29, 2012 [EBook #39849] + +Language: Scots Gaelic + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GEARR-SGEOIL AIR SIR SEORAS *** + + + + +Produced by David T. Jones, James Wright, Michael Bauer +of Gaelic translation services www.akerbeltz.com, Ross +Cooling and the Online Distributed Proofreading Canada +Team at http://www.pgdpcanada.net + + + + + + + + + + + GEARR-SGEOIL + + AIR + + SIR SEORAS UILLEAM ROS + + AGUS AIR + + MAR A THUINICH NA GAIDHEIL + ANN AN CANADA UACHDRACH + + LEIS AN + OLLAMH ALASDAIR FRISEAL + + + TORONTO, 1915 + + + + + FACAL TOISEACHAIDH + + +Is toigh le sluagh la-an-diugh a bhith leughadh eachdraidh-beatha +dhaoine ainmeil: tha e iomchuidh gu'm bitheadh na Gaidheil cuimhneachail +air diùlanaich an cinnidh fein, agus tha e 'na aobhar bròin cho beag 's +a chaidh chur a'n clò mu Ghaidheil iomraiteach Chanada, am measg an robh +daoine cliùiteach a choisinn moladh an co-dhuthchaich. + +Bho thoiseach àiteachaidh Chanada bha na Gaidheil am follais. Bha iad +ann an armailt Wolfe aig Louisburg agus aig Quebec far an do thionndaidh +iad an latha. An deidh na sìthe fhuair iad obair eile ri dheanamh. Thog +iad fearann, chaidh iad a stigh gu doimhneachd na coille a bhuinnig +dhachaidhean dhaibh fein. Shoirbhich leo is dh'fhàs iad lionmhor: anns +gach gairm is gniomh bha iad deas; leòsan shocraicheadh seol-riaghlaidh +agus móran de laghanan bunabhasach na tìre. Bhitheadh e chum +toil-inntinn an gineil--dh'fhaoidte chum an leas--na 'm bitheadh iomradh +orra air a ghleidheadh leinne. + +'S i 'n smuain so a mhàin ceann-fàth an sgeoil ghoirid so mu Ghaidheal +Chanadach nach d'rinn dearmad riamh air Tìr nam Beann. + + + + + SIR SEORAS ROS + + + + + I. + + +San t-seann aimsir b'abhaist do na Gaidheil caoidh mór a dhèanamh mu +bhàs ceann-cinnidh, no neach eile air an robh mór spéis. B' e dleasanas +a' phiobaire an coronach a thogail ri toirm na pioba; dleasanas a' +bhàird cliù an laoich a chur air fonn nan dàn. B' i so an duais a b' +àirde ris an robh dùil aig na flaithean Gaidhealach 's an t-saoghal so, +maraon duais nam marbh agus misneachadh nam beo; oir cha robh àrd no +iosal gun deidh air deagh bheachd a ghinealaich fein, agus air àite +urramach fhaotainn ann an eachdraidh bhuan a dhuthcha. + +Tha bàrdachd Oisein luchdaichte le trom thùrsa airson nam marbh gaisgeil +a chuir deagh chomhraig 's a thuit 's a bhlàr:-- + + 'Charuill, tog do ghuth gu h-àrd + Air gach linn a bh' ann nach beò; + Caithear oidhche ann am mìn dhàn; + Faighear gàirdeachas 's a' bhròn. + 'S iomadh saoi is òigh 'bu chaoin + 'Ghluais o thùs a'n Innis-fàil. + Is taitneach dàin air na laoich + O thaobh Alba nam fuaim àrd. + 'N uair a dh' aomas farum na seilg + Fo ghuth Oisein nan caomh-rann, + 'S a fhreagras aonach an deirg + Sruth Chòna nan toirm mall. + --FIONN. D. I. 565 + +Agus, a rithis, mar tha e ag imeachd le ceum stàideil na h-aoise:-- + + A ghutha Chòna, 's àirde fuaim, + A bhàrda tha luaidh mu aois, + Do'n eirich air 'ur n-anam suas, + Feachdan mór' nan gorm chruaidh laoch. + 'S taitneach leam aoibhneas a' bhròin, + Fo 'n lùb geug dharaig nan tòrr, + 'S an duileach òg ag eirigh maoth, + Togaibh-se, mo bhàird, am fonn. + +Cha 'n fheil carrachan-cuimhne a's brèagha no a's maireannaiche na +iadsan a dheilbheadh leis na bàird mhóra,--Alasdair Mac-Mhaighstir +Alasdair, Dunncha Bàn Mac-an-t-saoir, Iain Lom, Iain MacCodrum, agus +Iain Moireastan, Gobha na Hearradh, mar air Domhnullach na Tòiseachd:-- + + Bha do phearsa 's do ghluasad, + Co tlachdmhor, neò-thuairgneach, is tlàth, + Chor 's gur tearc iad thug fuath dhuit, + Ged bu lionmhor bha fuaidht' riut a'n gràdh; + Aig na h-ìslean 's na h-uaislean, + Bha spéis dhuit, ged b' uaibhreach dhiubh pàirt, + Ni dh' fhag t-iomradh g' a luaidh ac', + Mar sgeul bròin o'n là chual iad do bhàs. + + + + + II. + + +Cha 'n fheil e 'n am chomas cliù Shir Seorais Rois a chur an céill air +an doigh so, ann an duan no òran, ach, mar sheanachaidh feuchaidh mi ri +clach a chur 'n a chàrn. + +B' e athair, Seumas Ros, a mhuinntir Inbhir-feotharain, a'n Siorramachd +Rois. Mar a dh'fhàs e suas chaidh e gu sgìre Eadardain, air taobh an +ear-thuath de'n t-siorramachd. Bha e 'n a bhall measail de chomhthional +Mhr. Chamshroin, agus tha ainm fathasd air chuimhne am measg nan seann +daoine. Agus b'i mhàthair Eilidh Nic-Fhionnghain, a bhuineadh do +theaghlach a chaidh o Inbhirnis gu taobh tuath fadhlach Chrombaigh, a 'n +Siorramachd Rois. Bha deagh chliù oirre 's a' choimhearsnachd, agus mar +a fear-posda fhuair i mór spéis bho càirdean 's an t-seann dùthaich. Bha +chàraid so de fhuil ghlan Ghaidhealach fad iomadh ginealach; bha iad ni +b'eolaiche air an teangaidh Ghaidhlig na bha iad air a' bheurla +Shasunnach, agus b' abhaist do Shir Seoras, am mac, uaill a dheanamh +gu'n d'fhuair e cànain agus smior a shinnseara gun smal gun ghiamh orra. + +Mar a rinn móran Ghaidheal eile 's an am, thriall Seumas Ros agus a +bhean gu Canada, "tir a' gheallaidh" an la ud mar an diugh. Ach tha +atharrachadh mór eadar suidheachadh Chanada an diugh, 's an dé. Tha e +furasda do'n eilthireach a shlighe a dheanamh an diugh gu Canada an +coimeas ris an turus cheudna a ghabh Seumas Ros mu thri fichead bliadhna +'s a dha dheug roimhe so. An diugh foghnaidh da sheachdain air muir, is +aon seachdain air tìr ge b'e cho fada 's a tha aig neach ri dhol. An sin +ghabhadh e sè no seachd seachdain air cuan agus seachdain no'n còrr air +loch is abhainn, a bharrachd air an ùine thar ròidean garbh-thollach +tulganach, neo-shocaireach tre'n fhàsach, air am bitheadh e fein, a +theaghlach, 's a chuid de'n t-saoghal air an tarruing air slaod-dhaimh +gun dad a chabhaig. + +Thog an Rosach fearann ann am Middlesex aig Naruinn, àite a bha air +ainmeachadh air Inbhir-Naruinn anns a' Ghaidhealtachd. Thuinich comhlan +math de mhuinntir Rois 's an aite so, daoine sùghail, còir, coguiseach, +nach d'fhàg as an deidh air taobh thall a chuain, cràbhachd an +athraichean. Anns an tìr so chum iad "gu daingean samhladh firinneach +nam briathran fallain a chuala" iad 'n an oige, agus cho luath 's a +b'urrainn daibh thog iad, ann am frìthean domhail Ontario, Béteil dhaibh +fein, anns an robh teagasgan móra a' Bhiobuill air an cuir an céill gu +soilleir, soisgeullach, a réir bheachd "Athraichean Rois," mar ann an +leabhar an Doctair Cheannaidich, Urramaich, nach maireann. Bha +ministearan tearc, oir bha 'n sluagh sgapta 'n am badanan beaga thall +'sa bhos thar mór astar, ach bha na daoine, mar a b' fhearr a b' urrainn +daibh, "a' cumail am mach facail na beatha"; bha frasan o'n àirde ag +ùrachadh an fhuinn, agus a'n deagh àm thainig toradh trom am mach. + +Ach cha d' fhàg na daoine so an cruaidh-fhortan 's am bochdainn 'n an +deidh 's a' Ghaidhealtachd. Bha eiginn agus uireasbhuidh a' feitheamh +orra a' n so, agus b' iomadh strith a bh' aca ri dheanamh a chumail an +cinn os cionn na h-an-shocair. Dh'fhàg iad fearann cumhang, sluaghmhor; +thainig iad gu fearann farsuing, beag-shluaghach. 'S an t-sean aite bha +'n daimhich 's an càirdean fein aca. Ged bhitheadh an lòn air uairibh +gann, gaoth an ear-thuath air uairibh greannach, cruaidh, bha'm fàrdach +blàth le bàidh do chach a cheile. 'S an tir ùr bha lòn ri chosnadh le +neart ghairdein agus spionnadh cridhe a thug cruaidh-dheuchainn air an +neach a b'fhearr dhiubh. Cha d' thainig iad o an-shocair gu socair, ach +gu duthaich, gealltanach mar bha i, a bha doirbh ri h-àiteachadh. + +'S lionmhor rann a chaidh dheanamh mu chor nan Gaidheal a bha'm measg +ceud luchd-àiteachaidh Chanada. Tha na rannan a leanas o'n bhàrd +Mac-Gillean, Mherigomish, 'dol direach gu cridhe na cùise, 'n a dhoigh +gheur-bhriathrach fein. Ged rinneadh iad air Nova Scotia tha iad fior mu +sheann Ontario, mar an ceudna:-- + + 'S i so an dùthaich 's a bheil an cruadal + Gun fhios do'n t-sluagh a tha tigh'nn a nall, + Gur h-olc a fhuaras oirnn luchd a' bhuairidh + A rinn le'n tuairisgeul ar toirt ann. + Ma ni iad buannachd cha mhair i buan dhaibh, + Cha dean i suas iad 's cha'n ioghnadh leam, + 'S gach mallachd truaghain a bhios'g an ruagadh + Bho'n chaidh am fuadach a chur fo'n ceann. + + * * * * * + + 'N uair thig an geamhradh is àm na dùbhlachd + Bidh sneachda 'dlùthadh ri cùl nan geug, + 'S gu domhain dùmhail dol thar na glùine, + 'S ge maith an triùbhsair cha dean i feum, + Gun stocain dhùbailt' 's a' mhocais chlùdaich + 'Bhith's air a dùnadh gu dlùth le éill; + B'e 'm fasan ùr dhuinn a cosg le fionntach + Mar chaidh a rùsgadh de'n bhrùid an dé. + + Mar bi mi eòlach airson mo chómhdaich + Gu'm faigh mi reòta mo shròn 's mo bheul; + Le gaoth a tuath a bhith's neamhail fuaraidh + Gu'm bi mo chluasan an cunnart geur. + Tha'n reothadh fuath'sach, cha seas an taugh ris, + Gu'm mill e chruaidh ged a bha i geur; + Mur toir mi blàths d'i, gu'm brist an stailinn, + 'S gun dol do'n cheardaich cha ghearr i beum. + + 'N uair thig an samhradh 's a miosa céitean + Bidh teas na gréine 'g am fhagail fann; + Gu'n cuir i spéirid 's a h-uile creutair + A bhith's fo éislean air feadh nan toll: + Na mathain bhéisteil gu'n dean iad eirigh + 'Dhol feadh an treud 's gur-a mór an call; + 'S a chuileag inneach gu socach puinsionta + 'G am lot gu lionmhor le roinn a lainn. + + Gu'n dean i m' aodann gu h-olc a chaobadh + Cha'n fhaic mi 'n saoghal 's ann 'bhith's mi dall, + Gu'n at mo shuilean le neart a cungaidh + Ro-ghuineach drùidhteach tha sùgh a teang.' + Cha'n fhaigh mi aireamh dhuibh ann an dànachd, + Gach beathach gràineil a thogas ceann, + 'S cho liugha plaigh ann a 's a bh'air righ Pharaoh + Airson nan tràillean 'n uair bhàth e'n câmp. + + * * * * * + +Ma bha 'choille fiadhaich, fuachd a gheamhraidh is teas an t-samhraidh, +dian-chruaidh, na cuileagan, nimheil, na fiadh-bheathaichean, lionmhor, +na ròidean, garbh, 's am fearann 'n a dhithreabh doirbh "As nach tugadh +an Fhéinn iad féin aran," bha cridheachan nan daoine teoma, laidir, 's +cha robh gealtair 'n am measg. Mar bu chruaidhe an gnothuch b'ann bu +chalma am misneach, 's cha b' fhada gus an d'thug iad buaidh. + +Thainig Seumas Ros, agus na bha leis, 's a' bhliadhna 1832. Bhuineadh am +fearann a thog iad do'n Chuideachd Chanadach agus b' i phrìs da dholair +an acair. Bha 'n talamh gu leir air a chomhdach le coille mhoir, +dhùmhail dhrislich. Bha craobhan de iomadh seorsa ann,--bha 'n giuthas +pailt, darach, beith, uinnseann, seudar, walnut, maple, agus móran eile +freagarrach airson thaighean agus oibre ghnathaichte na saorsainneachd. +Dh' fhosgail a' Chuideachd Chanadach aon rathad troimh 'n sgìre; b'e sin +uile na rinn iad. Bha muilean-sabhaidh aig fear-ionad na Cuideachd, d'am +b' ainm Domhnull Mac-an-Toisich, faisg air laimh, ach cha robh goireas +eile 's a choimhearsnachd. B' e cheud ni a bha ri dheanamh taighean a +thogail airson fasgaidh nan teaghlaichean,--mar theirte riutha +_Shantaidhean de logaichean_--bothain de fhiodh garbh air a mheadhadh +leis an tuaigh. + +Ged bu taighean beaga, fiodha bh'annta cha bu taighean suarach iad; bha +iad air an deagh thogail, goireasach agus dionach ri gaillionn a' +gheamhraidh. Dh' fheumadh neach a bhith làmh-ghleusta, eòlach air gnàths +na tuaighe, an uird, an tàil, 's an tora; agus, mar an ceudna ceann +seadhail a bhi air a mhuineal mu 'n rachadh aige air taigh _logaichean_ +a thogail gu ceart. + + Gu'n do dh' aithnich mi o'n uair sin + Gu'm bu chruadalach a chuis dhomh + Teannadh ri reiteach na coille + 'S gun mi goireasach g'a ionnsaidh. + + 'M fear nach dean obair le tuaigh + Is nach urrainn an uaisle 'ghiùlan + B' fheàrr dha fuireach ann an Albainn; + 'S gun an fhairge gharbh a stiùireadh. + --Mac-GILLEAN. + + + + + III. + + +Cha robh aoidheachd bhlàth a' feitheamh air na Rosaich an uair a rainig +iad an dachaidhean ùr ann an Ontario, oir cha robh neach sam bith aig +ceann an uidhe a thoirt aoidheachd dhaibh. Bha 'n tìr falamh, fàs, ann +an staid naduir, gun chraobh air a leagadh, gun taigh air a thogail: +bha'n talamh, gun teagamh, reamhar, trom, ach bha i air a tur-chomhdach +le coille gharbh a dh'fheumta chur deth bonn. B'e cleachdadh nan +Gaidheal ann an Canada, gach coibhneas a' nochdadh d'an luchd-duthcha a +bhitheadh a tighinn d'an ionnsuidh. Bha iad lamh-fhosgailte, fialaidh +d'an co-chreutairean, gu h-àraidh d'am muinntir fein. Mar bu tric +bhitheadh fios aca mios no dha roimh laimh gu'n robh seana +choimhearsnaich a' tighinn, agus dheantadh ullachadh air an son. Aig an +am cheart rachadh neach eòlach g'an coinneachadh air an t-slighe, chum +an treòrachadh gu baile, far am bitheadh cairtealan deas air an son am +measg nan càirdean. Gheibheadh iad fàilteachadh cridheil, coibhneil, +agus an deidh la no dha 'dhol seachad a'leagail dhiubh sgios an turuis, +rachadh fearann freagarrach a thogail air an son. Air dha so bhi deanta +thòisicheadh an obair gun dàil; agus b'i sin an obair! + +B'e cheud ni àite a thaghadh airson taigh-comhnuidh agus treabhair, +faisg air am bitheadh uisge math airson duine is ainmhidh. Bu tric so +air bruaich sruthain far an cluinnte torman caoin an uisge, no air +bràigh tomain seasgair, a ghlacadh araon deò ùrail an t-samhraidh agus +gaoth ghrianach an fhogharaidh. Ach air iomadh baile-fearainn cha robh +idir sruth no tom, loch no bealach; bha mhórchuid 'na mhachair +chomhnaird fad mhìltean air gach taobh. Air tìr de'n t-seòrsa so dh' +fheumta tobar a chladhach fada fodha 's an talamh, agus ri thaobh +rachadh na taighean a chur suas. Air do'n bhaile agus làrach nan +taighean a bhith air an taghadh, chruinnicheadh na coimhearsnaich gus an +togail. Bhitheadh obair ann daibh uile. Bhitheadh na craobhan ri +ghearradh sios chum làraich a dheanamh do'n taigh, oir b' ann 's a' +choille a bha 'n gniomh ri dheanamh. Dh' fheumadh an làrach a bhith cho +farsuing 's nach tuiteadh craobh 's am bith a leagadh stoirm air an +taigh. Rachadh, a'n sin, làrach an taighe a thomhas, agus a reiteachadh, +agus ùrlar comhnard, reidh a dheanamh airson nan seòmar. Mur bu tric +bhitheadh na taighean de'n aon mheud is dealbh; far am bitheadh +teaghlach mór, bhitheadh seòmar no dha a bharrachd air an cuir ris an +taigh, ach am bitheantas 's i bhitheadh ann fardach de tri no ceithir a +sheòmraichean, mu dheich throidhean fichead air a fad, agus mu fhichead +troidh air a leud. Anns a' chuid bu mhotha dhiubh bhitheadh lobhta air +am bitheadh àite-laidhe òganaich an teaghlaich, agus, ri cliathaich an +taighe bu dual do sheòmar cùil no dha a bhi ann airson nan nighean. Fo'n +ùrlar bhitheadh seilear air a cladhach, anns am bitheadh measan, +luibhean-gàraidh, biadh is annlann air an dion bho theas 's bho fhuachd +na h-aimsir. B'ann car mar sin bha cumadh nan taighean-comhnuidh a bha +nis gu bhith air an togail. Bha 'n sgil bu mhotha feumail airson +oisinnean an taighe agus bhitheadh ceathrar dhaoine tapaidh a' +frithealadh do'n ghnothuch sin. Bhitheadh na craobhan bu fhreagarraiche +air an gearradh sios 's air an slaodadh le daimh gus an làrach. +Bhitheadh iad a'n sin air an leagail sios 's an àite cheart, a' cheud +shreath air bunchar cloich, agus chuireadh na h-oisinnich a'n eagan a +cheile iad, g'am fiaclachadh gu gramail, eagnaidh, mar bu chòir. Ged +nach robh inneal saorsainneachd aig na daoine ach an tuagh, bhiodh +oisinnean agus ursainnean an doruis is nan uinneag air an gearradh cho +glan, 's air an suidheachadh cho coimhlionta 's ged bu chlachan snaighte +de'm bitheadh iad air an deanamh. Mar a rachadh na ballachan suas +bhitheadh sogan air na daoine, oir bu taitneach an ni a bhith faicinn na +h-aitreibh ag éiridh gu h-eireachdail fo'n laimh. Sreath air sreath, +craobh air a sìneadh air craoibh, rachadh na ballachan suas gu àirde +ochd no naoidh troidh, agus, a' n sin, thoisichte air am mullach a +thoirt a steach. Cha b' ionnan mullaich nan taighean so agus mullaich +nan seann taighean beaga Gaidhealach. A'n so cha robh maidean-ceangail +móra, maide-droma, sparran-tarsuing, sailthean taobhanach, cabair, +ceannabhaidhean, no maide-feannaig. Agus cha robh am mullach, biorach, +àrd, no cas, mar 's an t-seann dùthaich, ach, an cumantas, car plod, +iosal; gun ach beagan claonadh bho'n druim-àrd gu bràigh a' bhalla. +Bhitheadh am mullach air a thoirt a steach, le bhith cur craoibh air na +tulchainnean, 's air na taobhan, uair mu seach gus an tigeadh an da +thaobh, uidh air an uidh, ri chéile, 's a'n sin bhitheadh am mullach +deas airson an tughaidh. Cha b'ann de sgrath, no fraoch, no fodar a +bhitheadh an tughadh, ach mar bu tric de rùsg chraobhan móra, mar am +beith no'm _basswood_. Bu ghnàth leò an rùsg a ghearradh a'm bloidhean +gach aon mu cheithir troidhean air fad, agus bho throidh gu ochd oirlich +deug air leud. Rachadh an tairngneadh ris na taobh-shailthean, car +coltach ris mar a chuirear sgliatan suas, oir na h-aoin a' tighinn dha +na thri oirlich thairis air oir na h-aoin eile. Bha so a' toirt an deagh +thughadh dhaibh, dìonach agus blàth agus buan. Bhitheadh an teintean aig +ceann an taighe. Bho lic gu mullach bhitheadh an similear air a dheagh +chreadhadh, agus b' ainneamh an aon anns nach bitheadh tarruing mhath +air a' cheò. A réir a chomais chuireadh neach ùrlar fiodh, leachdan, no +creadh, 'n a thaigh, an toiseach, ach cia air bith mar thòisichte, cha +b'fhada gus am bitheadh an fhardach seasgair, goireaseach. + +A chionn nach robh na craobhan de'n robh am balla air a thogail, +snaighte, bhitheadh iomadh fosgladh eadar na sreathan tre 'n tigeadh +gaoth is fuachd, agus chum so a bhacadh thionailte coinneach agus +spealgan de fhiodh 's rachadh an dinneadh a stigh anns na tuill gus nach +fàgta a h-aon diubh neò-dhionach. + +Mu'n tigeadh an geamhradh rachadh taobh muigh agus taobh stigh an taighe +a chreadhadh, oir cha robh aol deiseil an toiseach. N' am bitheadh móran +sluaigh an làthair bhitheadh an taigh air a thogail ann an aon latha; +còrr uair ghabhte dha na thri làithean g'a dheanamh. An uair bha'n obair +so dol air a h-adhart, faodar bhith cinnteach nach robh dearmad air +biadh is deoch do 'n chuideachd. Fad seachdain roimh laimh bhitheadh +àirde air a chuir air a' ghnothuch, 's 'n uair a chruinnicheadh na +daoine air an làrach bhitheadh na mnathan ullamh le teachd-an-tìr. B'e +teachd-an-tìr, da rìreadh, an lòn a bhitheadh aca; cha bhitheadh dad +dheth o bhùth no bho mharsanta, ach gach spiolag bho'n tìr a bha iad +fein ag àiteachadh. Bhitheadh aran coirce, is aran cruithneachd gu leòir +ann, 'n a bhuilionnan móra, car coltach ri bonnaich Mhicheil; sithionn, +bho'n fhrìth-choille phreasanaich, 's an robh gach seòrsa, mór no +meanbh, ri 'm faotainn, 's mar an ceudna eoin-choille a'm pailteas. +Rachadh an fheòil a' bhruich ann an coireachan móra, agus bhitheadh brot +air a dheanamh de'n t-sùgh le measgadh de luibhean a' ghàraidh. Bu dual, +mar an ceudna, do dh' uisge-beatha na dùthcha bhith ann, 's cha +bhitheadh maille air an òl. Bha na briuthais lionmhor 's bha'n deoch +furasda faotainn, mar tha i'n diugh, 's bu bheag a prìs. Airson seachd +sgillinn shasunnach gheibhte da bhodach dheth, no searrag a chumadh an +ceathramh cuid de ghalan. Còrr uair bhitheadh tuille 's a chòrr deth air +a ghabhail, ach mar bu tric tha e ri chreidsinn gu robh measarrachd air +a cleachdadh. Gun teagamh bhitheadh feisd mhór aig crich na togalach, +agus bha deagh nàbachas air àrach 's air a neartachadh am measg nan +coimhearsnach. + +Ach cha do sguir an coibhneas ann an so. Bha tuille ri thighinn. +Bheireadh cuid de na mnathan bu chomasaiche leotha aodach-leapa, is +goireasan beaga airson taigheadais an teaghlaich,--ach air son sin +dheth, bha na nàbaidhean gu léir deas gu cach-a-cheile a chuideachadh a +réir uireasbhuidh agus comais gach neach fa leth. + +B'e sin an doigh anns an robh a' cheud chuid de na Gaidheil a thainig gu +Ontario a' tòiseachadh, 's a' deanamh am beò-shlàinte. Bha cuid de na +taighean beaga so a mhair ceud bliadhna; bha iad comhfhurtail agus sheas +iad gu math an latha fein. Thubbairt Iain Rusgain, an sgriobhaiche +ainmeil, gu'm b' ann as na taighean beaga, dubha 's a' Ghaidhealtachd a +thainig na saighdearan bu treuna, 's na daoine bu mheasara a chunnaic an +saoghal riamh. Air a mhodh cheudna dh'fhaoidte a radh gu'm b'am bho +_Shantaidhean_ fiodha nan coilltean a thainig luchd-stiùraidh +Chanada,--na ministeirean, maighstirean-sgoile, lighichean, luchd-lagha, +buill-phàrlamaid agus uachdarain na tìre. Dh'eirich iad bho staid +iriosail, onorach, gu inbhe àrd le'n dichill 's le'm misneach féin. + +An deigh do theaghlach tuineachadh air an fhearann, thoisicheadh iad air +a reiteachadh 's air a ghlanadh. Mar thug sinn fainear cheana cha b' i +obair shocrach so, gu h-àraidh far nach robh eòlas na tuaighe aig na +daoine. Mar tha' n sean-fhacal ag radh: + +"Is i namhaid duine a' cheaird nach cleachd e." + +B'iomadh neach 'n am measg nach do leag craobh riamh, agus a bha ni b' +eòlaiche air coin 's air caoraich, air lion-éisg, 's air treabhachas, na +bha e air innleachd na coille 's air inneal fir-ceairde. Airson an +lethid sin bha' n obair gle dhoirbh gus an do mhaighstirich iad i. Cha +robh faochadh ri fhaotainn ach tre'n chleas cheart ionnsachadh le +dian-chleachdadh. Bha so ni b' fhurasda do na daoine òga na do na seana +dhaoine a bha suidhichte 'nan gnàths,--"An car a bhith's an t-seana +mhaide 's duilich a thoirt as." + +Bha aon de na daoine so a bha bho Airde Mhic Shimidh, a thug dhomh +iomadh sgeul air na làithean cruaidh troimh'n deach e féin agus a +chompanaich. Aon uair chaidh e féin agus coimhnearsnach astar air +chuairt a shireadh oibre. Cha robh facal Gaidhlig aig an duine leis an +d' fhasdadh iad, agus cha robh acasan ach corra fhacal beurla. Bha na +daoine sgairteil, dichiollach, gu leòir, ach aineolach air an +obair--gearradh sios chraobhan--a ghabh iad a'n laimh, is bha iad, mar +sin, a' cur am mach an neart gun mór sgoinn. Aon la mar bha na fir ann +an teas oibre, fear air gach taobh de'n chraoibh, a dian leagail gu +tubaisdeach oirre le'n tuaghan, thainig fear-a' bhaile far an robh iad, +'s ag amharc car tacan air an doigh sheochlanaich a bh'aca, thuirt e 'na +chainnt féin: "Man, John, work like that is perfectly ridiculous." Cha +b'fhios do Iain ciod bu chiall do'n fhacal mu dheireadh de'n achmhasan +so, ach shaoil leis gu'm b'e mionn grathail a bh' ann, is dh'eirich a +chorruich, oir bha e air a chruaidh chur, 's air a shàrachadh gu goirt +leis an obair. Sheall e gu feargach air an tuathanach, is thilg e am +mionn mór, mar shaoil esan, air ais 'na aodann, ag radh: "Yes, a dhuine +bhochd, it is 'perfectly ridiculous,' is gabh do leòir dheth." An uair a +dh' fhalbh an tuathanach thuirt Domhnull: "Iain, Iain, 'de thug ort sid +a radh ris an duine? Ge b'e air bith an tàmailt a chuir e ort, cha bu +choir mionn tigh'nn as do bheul. Cha b'e sin an eisimpleir a fhuair +thus' is mise bho na daoine còir a dh'àraich sinn, 's cha'n fhaod sinn +sin a dhi-chuimhneachadh." Ars' an duine còir, le priobadh 'na shùil: +"Bha sinn le chéile aineolach, cha b'ann a mhàin air an tuaigh, ach air +a' bheurla, cuideachd, agus chaidh iomadh la seachad mus do thuig a +h-aon dhinn brigh an fhacail 'ridiculous'; ach air a shon sin deth, thog +a' chuid bu mhotha dhinn, le sior-chleachdadh, beurla gu leòir, airson +gnothaichean an latha a chur air an adhart, agus, mar an ceudna, chum na +searmoin a leantuinn air an t-sàbaid." + +A lion beag is beag bha iad a' fàs eòlach air an doigh-oibre, agus bha +na craobhan a' tuiteam romhpa. An uair a bhitheadh dha na tri acair air +an gearradh sios, chuireadh na coimhearsnaich an guaillean ri chéile, +aon uair eile. Ach ciamar a dh'fhaodar sgeul an euchd a bha nis ri +dheanamh, a chur ann an altan a chéile? Cha'n fhacar riamh co-fharpuis +ni bu ghéire na bhitheadh ann, a' slaodadh an fhiodha do'n +chruaich-theine, far an loisgteadh e eadar bhun is bhàrr; agus cha'n +fhacar féill no faidhir riamh a thogadh sunnd nan daoine mar a dheanadh +an _Logging Bee_ mar theirte 's a bheurla Shasunnach ris an dian-iomairt +so. B'e'n cleachdadh aig am mar so, tiodhlacan bìdh a chur do'n +teaghlach aig am bitheadh an cródhadh fiodha, agus cuide riu rachadh +cuid de na nighneagan a fhrithealadh aig am dinnearach agus suipearach. +Chruinnicheadh móran sluaigh agus bhitheadh othail nach bu bheag orra a' +cur furain air cach a chéile, agus a' beachdachadh air rian na h-oibre. +Rachadh na daoine a'n ordugh oibre air an raon 'n an tri bhuidheannan. +Bhitheadh aon bhuidheann de dhaoine seòlta aig a' chruaich, a' gabhail +an fhiodha mar a thigeadh e staigh, g'a chàrnadh suas sreath air muin +sreath a' cumail an teine beò, leis a' bharrach. Bhitheadh tuaghadairean +tapaidh a' gearradh gheugan de na craobhan, a' sgioblachadh a' bharraich +agus a' reiteachadh fri-rathadan airson nan slaod. Bhitheadh an +tritheamh buidheann sgaoilte thairis air an achadh, gach sgioba 'na +h-àite féin, le aon chuing dhamh agus dithis no triùir dhaoine do gach +sgioba, le acfhuinn thaghta, goireasach aig laimh. Bha 'ghniomh féin fa +chomhair gach neach 's 'n uair thigeadh an t-am bhiodh na daoine teth gu +tòiseachadh. B'ann a'n sin a bhitheadh an strith. B' i 'n obair +shonraichte na craobhan a shlaodadh bho'n àite 'san robh iad a laidhe +gus a chruaich-theine agus b'i 'n strith co an sgioba a chriochnaicheadh +a cuibhrionn féin an toiseach. Bhitheadh am fear bu treasa, 's bu treuna +de'n sgioba air ceann na sgioba sin, 's cha bhiodh fairtleachadh na +h-oibre air, ge b'e cho doirbh 's a dh'fhaodadh i bhith. Bhitheadh cuid +de na craobhan ro throm; cha b'urrainnear ach a h-aon a chur 's an +t-slabhruidh aig aon am. Air uairean bhitheadh an rathad cam, cuagach, +air feadh nan stochd, doirbh ri dheanamh le cuing throm de dhaimh +mall-chasach 's a bheairt. Dh' fheumta cùram agus seòltachd a +chleachdadh gus an làd a shlaodadh am mach, agus mar a bhitheadh na +daoine a' leigeil an inntinn air an obair, 's a' teasachadh rithe, +chluinnteadh gleadhraich nan teanga gu h-àrd a' brosnachadh nan damh, 's +a' misneachadh cach a cheile. An deidh na dinnearach na'm biodh piobaire +'s a chuideachd, bheireadh e laimh air a' phioba, is sheideadh e suas +puirt beothail sùgrach, a thogail spionnadh nam fear 's an cumail gu +dian ris an obair. Bhitheadh na h-uile innleachd air a cleachdadh chum +an raoin a reiteachadh mu'n tuiteadh dorchadas na h-oidhche, agus bu +mhór moit na sgioba a choisneadh a cheud àite. Bu tric duais-buadhaich a +bhuileachadh orra aig an t-suipeir, 's bhitheadh an cliù mar dheagh +luchd-oibre air a dhaingneachadh. An deidh do'n talamh, a bhith, mar so, +air a reiteachadh rachadh uachdar na talmhainn a sgriobadh le caibe, +agus an luaithre a sgaoileadh thairis air. Anns an fhonn so rachadh an +siol a chuir, agus as thigeadh deagh thoradh 's an fhogharadh. + +Bha nis duais an saothrach air a mealtuinn leò; chuir iad an siol ann an +dòchas deagh fhogharaidh, oir bu mhór an curam a bha'n crochadh ri sin; +chaidh seal goirid seachad, thainig am bàrr a staigh gu sealbhach, agus +bhuain iad le mór shubhachas, 's cha b'ionghnadh e. Gun dàil an deidh na +buana bhitheadh am bualadh ann, agus bu taitneach da rireadh a bhith cur +a cheud làd de'n ghràinne do'n mhuileann. Mar bu tric cha bhitheadh +rathad-móra ann, ach, a mhàin, frith-rathad troimh'n choille. Rachadh an +damh soitheamh, earbsach, uil'-fheumail, uidheamachadh agus bho bhuiseal +gu leth, gu dà bhuiseal choirce a cheangail air cùl a ghualainn, 's le +so dh' fhalbhadh fear-an-taighe, no aon de na gillean do'n mhuileann. +'Nam bitheadh an t-slighe fada, bhitheadh an oidhche ann mu'n tigteadh +dhachaidh leis a' mhin, ach ge b'e cho anmoch, chumadh an t-annas gach +neach de'n teaghlach, bho'n leanabh gus an t-seanamhair, air am bonn, a +dh' fhàilteachadh ceud toradh an fhearainn. Ach corra uair cha bhitheadh +muileann ann d'am b'urrainn daibh a dhol, agus cha robh ni b' fhearr aca +na'm bràth anns am bitheadh an gràinne air a bhruthadh le pronnadair. +Tha iomradh air aon bhràth shonraichte a rinn athair an t-Siorraim Mhic +Ealair nach maireann, a rinn an gnothuch 's an àite 's an robh e, fad +iomadh bliadhna, gus an deach muileann a thogail. Tha'm bràth ainmeil +so, a nis, ann an taigh-coimhid ann an Toronto, far am bheil móran +sluaigh o chaoch-la àitean de'n t-saoghal 'ga faicinn na h-uile +bliadhna. + +An uair a thigeadh an geamhradh cha bhitheadh éis air an obair. +Bhitheadh na daoine, òg is sean, a' gearradh na coille; bhitheadh +tigheadas air laimh nam boirionnach, 's cha bhitheadh eadhon na pàisdean +diomhain. Ann am fallus an gnuis bha iad uile ag itheadh arain; ach a'n +cois a' bhonnaich bhig bha 'm beannachd. 'S an tràth fheasgair bhitheadh +sùrd air an teaghlach aig bun an teine thiorail. Bhitheadh na +boirionnaich a' càrdadh, a' sniomh, a' fighe, 's a' càramh aodaich; na +fir a' grèusachd bhròg, a' toinneadh ascairt, a' geurachadh shàbh, a' +cur laimh ùr ann an tuaigh, no nithean feumail de'n t-seòrsa sin. +Bhitheadh còmhradh ann a reir suidheachadh an teaghlaich. Bhitheadh +iomadh ni ùr aca ri innse a dh'ionnsaich iad mu'n tìr gus an d' thainig +iad, ach bhitheadh a' chuid bu mhotha de'n t-seanachas mu'n duthaich 's +mu na càirdean a dh' fhàg iad 'n an deidh. Corra uair bhitheadh céilidh +de na coimhearsnaich ann le 'cuid òrain agus sgeulachdan gun ghò: + + "Air gach gaisgeach fearail greann'or + Bha 's a' ghleann 'n uair bha iad òg." + +Bhitheadh an cleasan fein aig a' chlann, agus is iongantach mar a lean +cuid diu anns na teaghlaichean ud gus an la'n-diugh. Bliadhna no dhà +roimhe so bha'm fear-sgriobhaidh ann an àite de Ontario far am bheil +còmhlan Ghaidheal. Bha clann beaga a' cluiche agus b'e 'n cleas a bh' +aca, bioran maide loisgte gu éibhille aig aon cheann, a chur mu'n cuairt +cho luath 's a b'urrainn daibh, 'n uair bhitheadh iad ag radh na facail +so, a dh' ionnsaich iad o'n seanamhair, 's a fhoghlum ise aig Ionarnais +'n uair bha i 'n a caileig a'n sin: + + "Dilean, dealan, déigh, + Tha na féidh air an loch; + Tha Mac-Shimidh as an déidh, + 'S cha teid na féidh dhachaidh nochd." + + + + + IV. + + +Chaidh naoi bliadhna seachad bho'n am 's an do shuidhich Seumas Ros aig +Narunn, Ontario. Bha na neoil a' bristeadh, bha na h-achaidhean a' dol +am farsuingeachd, agus bha goireasan an taighe a' meudachadh. Anns an +àite so, air an ochdamh la deug de mhios mheadhonach an Fhoghair, 's a' +bhliadhna ochd ceud deug da fhichead 's a h-aon, rugadh Seoras Ros. Cha +robh mór ailghios no mór uireasbhuidh a' feitheamh air. Bha'n teaghlach +a' fàs ràthail, agus bha 'n sgoile faisg air laimh, air sràid Ghlaschu, +mar theirte ris an rathad-mór a bha 'dol troimh'n sgìre, agus b'e ainm a +mhaighstir, Tearlach MacCoinnich. Bha Seoras 'na dheagh sgoileir, +dichiollach agus curamach. Bha e làn de feala-dha agus deidheil air +cleasan neirt mar a bha camanachd, a' ruith reisean, a' gearradh +shùrdag, a' gleachd agus a' cur na cloiche. Bha e luath-chasach, aotrom, +agus cho aighearach 's a b' urrainn do ghiullan smearail slàinteil a +bhith. Aig na ceilidhean ann an taigh athar, no ann an taighean nan +coimhearsnach mar bha Mac-an-tòisich, Mac-Lachluinn, agus Mac-Griogair, +bha e deas mar aithrisear bhàrdachd. B'iad oibre Thomais Chaimbeil a +b'fhearr leis,--"Nighean Thighearna Ulainn," "Bairnigeadh Lochiall," +agus "Catha Hohenlindein,"--le orain de'n t-seorsa sin, b'iomadh uair a +thug e togail inntinn do na bhitheadh an lathair. + +Thog e dreuchd maighstir-sgoile agus chaidh e, 'se fathast 'n a +bhallachan òg, do'n deicheamh _Concession_ air taobh-an-ear do shràid +Ghlaschu, a theagasg. Bha so ann an sgìre _Williams_. Bha tri rathadan +móra anns an sgìre air an ainmeachadh air na h-àitean bho'n d'thainig an +sluagh 's an t-seann duthaich,--Sràid Ghlaschu, Sràid Phettit, agus +Sràid Earraghaidheil. Bha da theaghlach de na Rosaich 's an àite,--na +Rosaich Móra, 's na Rosaich Beaga,--a reir am fiamh 's an coltais. B'ann +do na Rosaich Beaga a bhuineadh Sir Seoras, ach mar robh a bhodhaig +neo-chumanta mór bha aige inntinn chumhachdach, ghreimeil, +iomadh-fhillte, lughor. Bha meamhair chuimhneachail, ealamh aige, air +chor 's gu'n robh e furasda dha araon seanachas agus aireamhachd a +chumail 'na cheann. Cha b' fhad an ùine gus an do choisinn e cliù mar +fhear-labhairt dealasach, gu sonraichte air taobh na Stuamachd anns an +do shaothraich e fad a bheatha; cleachdadh a dh' ùigheamaich e airson an +dreuchd àrd a bha 'feitheamh air. + +Bho _Williams_ chaidh e gu _Melrose_, dluth ri Lunnainn, Ont., a +theagasg sgoile. Ann an so thainig e fo bhuaidh cuid de na daoine +comasach air an do chuir e eòlas anns a' bhaile. 'Nam measg bha +buidheann de luchd-lagha òga a bha am bitheantas ag cnuasachadh cor na +duthcha, 's a' sgrudadh bheachdan càch-a-cheile air ceisdean an latha. +Thàladh so 'inntinn gu bhi rannsachadh cuisean air a shon fhein, is +thoisich e air leughadh nam paipeirean-naigheachd agus +leabhraichean-eachdraidh gu geur, mionaideach; cleachdadh a lean ris ri +bheò. Bha 'n am fàbharach airson a leithid de dh'fhein-fhiosrachadh. Bha +Roinnean móra Chanada air dol a'n comh-bhann, agus bha uachdranachd ùr +air teachd a staigh le nithean cudthromach r'a dheanamh agus bunaitean +na duthcha r'a shocrachadh. Cha b' urrainn do dhuine òg am ni b' fhearr +a mhiannachadh, no cothrom ni bu fhreagarraiche iarraidh airson seirbhis +a dhuthcha. 'Sa bhliadhna so--1867--an uair a bha e sè bliadhn' ar +fhichead, a dh' aois, chuir e ainm fa chomhair coinneimh thaghaidh na +Liberals airson parlamaid, an aghaidh Tomas Scatcherd. Cha deachaidh +leis an tràth sin; bha òige 'na aghaidh, agus a bharrachd air sin, b' e +Mr. Scatcherd am ball-parlamaid aig an am, mar bha athair roimhe, 's bha +'n teaghlach d'am buineadh e cliuiteach am measg thuathanach Nissouri, +an sgìre 's an robh a' chuid mhór de'n luchd-taghaidh a' comhnuidh. Ged +nach do shoirbhich leis 's a' chuis so, chaidh chomharrachadh am mach +mar dhuine gealltanach, a bhuadhaicheadh a'n deagh am. Mu'n am so chaidh +Mr. Ros do'n sgoil Normal far an d' ullaich se e fein gu bhi 'na +fhear-ceasnaichidh sgoilean, agus air dha so a dheanamh, dh' fheuch e +ris an dreuchd so a thoirt am mach ann an siorramachd Mhiddlesex. Bha a +chuid bu mhotha de Chomhairle na siorramachd de na Tories agus chaill e +an t-àite mar a shaoil e fhein, an los na rinn e ann an 1867 air taobh +na Liberals. Ghabh e an ni gu cridhe. Air an t-slighe dhachaidh thuirt e +ri Iain Waters, dluth charaid dha, a bha aig an am 'n a Reeve air +Williams-an-ear:-- + +"Tha mi a so suas cuidhte gnothaichean riaghlaidh na tìre. 'S mithich +dhomh cumail ri m' dhreuchd, 's ri sin amhàin." + +Fhreagair Mr. Waters: "Na can thusa ni sam bith mar sin, airson, ma dh' +fhaoite, am bi thu duilich an deidh so." + +Thachair gu'n robh Comhairle shiorramachd Lambton a' suidhe aig an am +cheudna. Bha chuid bu mhotha dhiubhsan 'n an Liberals. Chuala iad mar a +thachair ann am Middlesex. Air an ath mhaduinn chuir iad fios-dealan +do'n Rosach gu'n robh dreuchd cheasnaichidh Lambton air a thairgse dha +na'n gabhadh se e. Dh' fheuch Mr. Ros an sanas so do Mhr. Waters, a +thilg gu h-ealamh air:-- + +"Gu de mu dheidhinn _politics_, a nis, mo charaid? Tha thu a' faicinn +gu'm bheil da fhaobhar air a' chlaidheamh!" + +Ghabh Mr. Ros ris an tairgse agus lean e ris an dreuchd sin an deidh dha +bhi na bhall-parliamaid airson Middlesex-an-iar. Cuid de'n ùine so bha e +'n a fhear-ceasnaichidh sgoile ann am baile Straruaidh. An duais a +fhuair e airson na h-oibre so, thug e seachad, ged nach bu duine +saoibhir e, airson dhuaisean do sgoilearan a' bhaile, a chum am +misneachadh 'n am foghlum. Bha dèidh aige a bhi sgriobhadh do na +paipeirean-naigheachd agus bha sgriobhaidhean bho pheann ri 'm faotainn +gu tric anns an _Advertiser_ a'n Lunnainn, an _Expositor_ a'n Seaforth, +agus an _Age_ ann an Straruaidh, a bha geur agus comasach. Aig a' cheart +am thainig, an drasd 's a rìsd, bhuaithe, duan agus oran a bha teisteil +agus an eatorras math. Bha iad air taobh na stuamachd agus saorsa na +duthcha bho dhroch riaghladh. 'Na òige rinn e dàn air "An ni tha dhìth +air Canada" anns an d'thug e fainear na caochladh seòrsa dhaoine a +thogadh suas cinneach chliùiteach anns an duthaich so,--daoine onarach, +tapaidh, saor-thoileach, subhailceach, treuna, measarra, uasal, +duthchasach, agus thug e an dàn gu crich leis na briathran shunndach +so:-- + +"Sin na daoine, a Chanada, a dh'eireadh suas o d' fhonn mhaoth! Sin na +daoine gu bhi 'g iomchair slat-rioghail do neart, gu bhi riaghladh +thairis air do shleibhtean móra, gu bhi sgriobhadh ann an eachdraidh, +gloir t' ainme." + +Fad a bheatha cha do dhichuimhnich e na smuaintean àrda so; bha e air a +lionadh o òige suas le eud airson Chanada, tìr a bhreith is àrach. Ach +cha deachaidh na bliadhnachan so seachad ann an diomhanas a thaobh +foghluim 'na dhreuchd, agus a thaobh oileanachd eile. Bha e sior strith +air adhart, a' dioghlum ann an iomadh achadh thorach, a' carnadh suas +stòrais 'na inntinn a bhiodh luachmhor agus feumail dha 's na làithean +ri teachd. + +'S mithich, nis, facal no dha a radh mu theaghlach Mhr. Rois. An uair +bha e teagasg sgoil' aig Lobo, 's e bliadhna ar fhichead a dh' aois, b' +i aon de chuid sgoilearan Cairistìona Chaimbeul, nighean Dhunnchaidh +Chaimbeil, Lobo, fear a mhuinntir Earraghaidheil. Dh'fhàs an càirdeas a +thòisich a'n sin gu làn abuchadh agus phòs iad 's a' bhliadhna 1862. Bha +iad posda deich bliadhna, 'n uair chaochail ise, agus b' e la a +h-adhlacaidh an la air an deachaidh esan a thaghadh, an toiseach, do'n +Pharlamaid. Bha coignear theaghlach aca, dithis mhac agus triùir +nighean. Chaochail an gille bu shine, Seumas Cowper Ros, 'n a naoidhean +agus dh'fhàs càch gu ìre duineadais. Phòs Mr. Ros an dara uair, 's a +bhliadhna 1875, Ceit Boston, nighean Robeirt Boston, ann an siorramachd +Mhiddlesex. Chaochail ise 's a bhliadhna 1902 ann an Toronto. Bha acasan +aonar mhac agus triùir nighean. Coig bliadhna an deidh bàs an darna bean +phòs e Mildred Peel, nighean Iain Robeirt Peel, a' n Lunnainn, Ont., a +tha fathast beò. Bha na mnai sin ro eireachdail, banail, suairce. Bha +iad 'n an taic mór dhà-san tre bheatha shàrachail, euslanaich. Tha'n +dithis mhac 'n an daoine tapaidh, ràthail. Tha 'm fear as sinne, Dunncha +Caimbeul Ros, 'na fhear-lagha ann an Straruaidh, 's na bhall-parlamaid +aig Ottawa, far am feil e 'foillseachadh a chomais-labairt 's a +sheòltachd gu soilleire. Tha 'n darna mac, Seòras Uilleam Ros, 'na +lighiche ann an Toronto. Choisinn e, mar tha, àrd-ainm 'na dhreuchd. Tha +iad, le cheile, 'nan daoine duthchasach, coibhneil, anns am bheil gné a' +Ghaidheil a' cinntinn gu nadarra, reidh. Tha na nigheanan pòsda gu +cothromach, comhfhurtail, 's a' togail theaghlach chliùiteach, ghasda, +'tha na'n samhladh chiatach air òigridh Ghaidhlich Chanada. + + + + + V. + + +Mar a chunnaic sinn cheana, bha inntinn an Rosaich a' tionndadh do'n +Pharlamaid agus thainig an cothrom thuige gun mór dhàil. Chaidh +ainmeachadh airson Middlesex-an-iar, an aghaidh A. P. MacDhomhnuill, an +seann bhall-parliamaid, duine beartach aig an robh greim air an +t-sluagh, 's a bhiodh doirbh a chlaoidh 's an t-strìth. Ged bha 'm blàr +cruaidh, ged bha'n Rosach òg agus gun airgead, ged bha 'n Domhnullach +cleachdta 's a chath, le maoin is pailteas air a thaobh; an uair a +chaidh an t-aonta mu dheireadh a chunntadh bha 'n duine og, lamh-fhalamh +air uachdar, agus an duine eile fodha--chaidh'n Rosach a thaghadh airson +na Parlamaid. + +Chaidh e gu Ottawa far an robh 'n Ard-Chomhairle a' suidhe, 's a +bhliadhna 1872, agus bho'n am sin gu la a bhàis, shaothraich e airson a +dhuthcha araon ann an uachdranachd Chanada agus Ontario. Fa chomhair an +Rosaich 's an t-seòmar bha Sir Iain Domhnullach, Priomh-Mhinisteir +Chanada, agus ri thaobh bha aireamh dhaoine ainmeil, comasach, mar bha +Hincks, Tupper, Howe, agus Galt. Mu'n coinneamh bha comhlan de dhaoine +fhior chomasach,--Alasdair MacCoinnich, Blake, Cartwright, agus an +lethid sin,--daoine dealasach, geur, a bha ullamh agus toileach gu +cònsachadh an aghaidh 'n luchd-riaghlaidh air na ceisdean móra a bha ag +eadar-dhealachadh an da thaobh de'n Chomhairle. Bha Mr. Ros am measg +dhaoine comasach agus rinn e na b' urrainn e gu bhi foghlum gnàthan na +Parlamaid agus brìgh na h-oibre bhuapasan. Cha robh e doirbh dha +ionnsachadh, agus ann an uine ghoirid dh'fhàs e eòlach air dleasannas +fear-ionaid. + +Rè a cheud bhliadhna 's a Pharlamaid dh' erich droch upraid mu 'n +airgead a ghabh Sir Iain Domhnullach bho Huistean Allan, ceannas an +rathaid-iarruinn sin,--an "Canadian Pacific." Ged a dhearbh an +luchd-riaghlaidh gu'n robh an t-airgead air a ghnathachadh ann an +cùisean an taghaidh, 's nach robh buanachd aig Sir Iain e fein dheth +idir, gidheadh, b'e beachd na Parlamaid nach robh e ceart no iomchaidh +do dh'fhear-riaghlaidh airgead a ghabhail o neach, mar a bha Mr. Allan +aig an robh gnothaichean ri dheanamh ri luchd-riaghlaidh na duthcha, +agus thug Sir Iain suas a dhreuchd. Chuireadh Alasdair MacCoinnich 'na +àite; agus thug esan a' Pharlamaid gu crich air a' bhliadna sin fein. +Sheas Mr. Ros a rithis airson Middlesex-an-iar agus chaidh a thaghadh +gun neach air bith seasamh 'na aghaidh. Fhuair luchd-cuideachaidh +Mhic-Coinnich buaidh mhór 's an taghadh 's bha e air a dhaingneachadh +mar Phriomhfhear Chanada. Fhuair, a nis, Mr. Ros an cothrom a bha dhìth +air, agus cha do sheachainn. Bha a chomas breithneachaidh agus labhairt +a' meudachadh, agus bha e fàs feumail 's an t-seómar-riaghlaidh, agus, +mar an ceudna mar chomhairliche earbsach do'n luchd-riaghlaidh. Bha e +deas-bhriathrach ann an cùisean malairt, na stuamachd, agus aiteachaidh +an fhearainn, agus bha gach bliadhna ag cur ri neart, 's ri chliu. +Chaidh coig bliadhna seachad air an doigh so, agus bha Mr. Ros gu +socrach agus gu cinnteach ag eirigh ann an spéis a cho-chomhairleach. +Anns an taghadh a rinneadh 's a bhliadhna 1878 thuit MacCoinnich agus +thainig Sir Iain Domhnullach a staigh a rithis. Bha cogadh cruaidh aig +Mr. Ros ri chur ann am Middlesex, oir bha sluagh Chanada air fad air an +dusgadh gu mór 's bha na seann làraichean, na seann chriochan eadar na +Tories agus na Liberals air an atharrachadh. B' e'n cuspair mór a bha +eadar an da chuideachd sin, aig an am: Co dhiubh a bu chòir cìs àrd a +chur air toradh dhuthchanna céin, bha tighinn a staigh do Chanada, araon +chum airgid-riaghlaidh a thogail, agus dion a chur air maoin Chanada. +Bha amanna cruaidh ann; bha bochdainn air feadh na tìre, agus bha moran +de na buill-parlamaid a sheas air taobh Mhic-Coinnich airson saorsa +malairt, nach robh air an taghadh leis an t-sluagh. Ach chaidh le Mr. +Ros oir bha meas mór air 's an t-siorramachd, agus fhuair e troimh'n +deuchainn gu sàbhailte. Anns a' Pharlamaid a lean an taghadh so, bha e +ro-dhichiollach agus bha e air àireamh am measg nan daoine comasach, +gibhteach a bha 's a' chomhairle. + +Rè an ama so uile bha e 'saothrachadh mar fhear-ceasnaichidh sgoilean, +'s mar fhear-deasaichidh phaipeir-naigheachd. Bha e mar an ceudna +daonnan ag cuideachadh aobhair na stuamachd, agus ag cur air an adhairt +gnothaichean eile. Cha robh e riamh 'na thamh no 'na thosd, agus b' +ionnan sgriobhadh no labhairt dha. Mu'n am so bha àite Ministeir +Foghluim Ontario, falamh, 's bha cor nan sgoil air feadh a' Mhor-roinn +car diblidh. Bha feum air duine foghainteach, glic, eolach, air an +ceann, agus roghnaich Mr. Mowat, a bha 'na Phriomh-fhear thar Ontario, +Mr. Ros airson an dreuchd. Cha b' urrainnear neach ni bu fhreagarraiche +fhaotainn. Cha 'n e mhàin gu robh mion-eolas aige air dreuchd a' +mhaighstir-sgoile, 's air uireasbhuidhean nan sgoil, ach bha a chridh 's +an obair. Thilg se e fein le uile neart air an raon ùr so, agus is ann +mar Mhinistear Foghluim Ontario a choimhlion e gealltanais òige. Air dha +Parlamaid Chanada fhagail airson Parlamaid Ontario b'fheudar dha a bhi +air a thaghadh airson Ard Chomhairle' na Mór-roinne. Cha do dhiobair +daoine Mhiddlesex-an-iar e riamh agus thagh iad e a rithis mar bu nòs. +Chuir e laghan nuadh air chois, a leasaich gu mór staid nan sgoil agus +tharruing e ri cheile air aon doigh riaghailteach na caochladh seorsa +sgoilean bho thaigh beag na sgìre gu oil-thaigh a' bhaile-mhóir, gach +ceum a' leantainn a cheile gu h-ordail, ceart a réir cleachdaidh +chumanta na h-Alba. Shoirbhich leis gu h-anabarrach agus bha sgoilean +agus oil-thaighean Ontario, ann an uine ghoirid, 'nan eiseimplearean do +dhuthchanna eile. + +Ach bha aon àrd-dhreuchd eile a'feitheamh air, agus b'e sin +priomh-mhinisteirleachd Ontario; agus an deidh dha sin a thoirt thairis +chaidh e gu Ottawa, a rithis, gu bhi 'na cheannard 's 'na +fhear-treorachaidh 's an ard sheanadh. 'S an dreuchd so shaothraich e gu +la a bhàis a thainig air 's a bhliadhna 1913--làn de làithean 's de +dh'urram. + +Ciod e an seòrsa duine a bha a' n so, a dh'eirich cho àrd ann am beachd +a ghinealaich féin, 's ann an inbhe? + +Tha e ro dhoirbh beachd fior-cheart a dhealbh air a' chuid mhór d'ar +co-chreutairean; gu sonraichte air daoine tha àrd os ar cionn. An uair a +fhuair Gladstone bàs bha móran de'n bheachd gu'm bu dhroch duine e, a +chuir a bhuadhan cumhachdach gu fior dhroch bhuil; air an laimh eile, +bha móran a creidsinn nach robh a leithid eile ann chum leas agus maith +an t-sluaigh a sheasamh, agus gu robh e 'n a fhior bheannachd o'n +Chruithfhear do Bhreatunn's do'n t-saoghal. Tha an ni ceudna air a radh +mu Lloyd George. Bha eadar-dhealachadh beachd aig na Gaidheil 's aig na +Goill mu luach agus cliu oibre-bheatha Phrincipal Rainy--cuid a' +creidsinn gu robh e 'deanamh oibre Shatain, agus cuid eile gu robh e 'na +sheirbhiseach dileas, foghainteach do'n Ard Mhaighstir. Tha fios aig +Gaidheil Chanada mar a thilgeadh salchair nan sraid air Sir Iain +Domhnullach, agus mar a reubadh cliu Alasdair MhicCoinnich; agus, a +nis, mar tha bliadhnachan dol seachad tha deagh chliu an ainmean le +cheile a'dol a'm meud. Thig an neach a smuainicheas air nithean mar so +do'n cho-dhùnadh gu bheil breith dhaoine air an co-chreutairean 'n a ni +amharrasach air a chuid is fearr, agus gur còir do neach a bhi toigheach +mu'n bharail tha e cnuasachadh mu neach eile. + +Tha so air m' inntinn fein gu mór an drasd, oir tha mi, mar gu'm b'eadh +a' toirt breith air cuspair an sgriobhaidh so. Ach tha so agam ri radh. +Bha cothrom neo-chumanta agam air Sir Seoras Ros aithneachadh. Bha mi +gle eolach air fad ochd-bliadhna fichead, a'n cois gnothaichean na +duthcha, agus mar cho-Ghaidheal. Bha cothrom saor-labhairt agam ris; +b'aithne dhomh gu math cion-fàth cuid de ghniomharan, agus, mar an +ceudna, b'aithne dhomh gu math daoine flathail, fiughanta, a bha dlùth +ri inntinn, aig an robh fior eolas air, agus a bha comasach air a +chothromachadh ann am meidh chinntich an fhein-fhiosrachaidh. B'e cuid +diu sin an t-Urramach Alasdair MacCoinnich, Tearlàch MacCoinnich, a +bhrathair, An Siorram MacEalair, Lachlann MacCorcadail, Uilleam C. +Caldwell, an t-Urramach Dr. Caven, an t-Urramach Ard-Easbuig Walsh, an +t-Urramach Dr. Milligan, is iomadh neach eile a bha inbheach no iriosal +'n an dreuchd fein. Bu tric a labhair mi riutha sin, 's ri muinntir eile +mu chliu 's mu bheatha Shir Seorais, agus bha gach ni a tha mi ag cur +sios ann an so air a dhaingneachadh leo. "Tha lagh nam modhannan air a +chur sios gu h-aithghearr anns na deich àitheantan," agus is ann a reir +an lagha sin a tha breith cheart gu bhith air a toirt air caithe-beatha +ar co-chreutairean. Ma shìnear slat-thomhais an lagha sin thairis air +beatha Shir Seorais Rois tha mi làn chreidsinn nach bi a chliu aon +òirleach ni 's giorra na cliu an neach a b' urramaiche a shuidh riamh +ann an caithir priomhfhear Ontario, ged is mór an radh sin. + +Bha'n Rosach 'n a dhuine moralta, 'n a dhuine glan 'n a ghnè, uasal 'n a +ghiùlan, neo-shanntach 'n a inntinn, coibhneil do 'n bhochd, +foidhidneach fo thrioblaid, fad-fhulangach fo bhuaireadh, comasach 'n a +bhuadhan, fileanta briathrachail 'n a chainnt, drùidhteach 'n a +òraidean, araon soilleir agus farsuing 'n a bheachdan, gleusd ann an +deas-boireachd, dileas d'a choguis, firinneach d'a dhuthaich, agus +durachdach, dileas, 'n a dleasanas. + +Tha mi creidsinn gu robh Mr. Ros ag iarraidh le uile chridhe an ni a bha +ceart a dheanamh a thaobh a dhuthcha mar bhall parlamaid, mar +mhinisteir, 's mar Phriomh riaghladair. Tha mi creidsinn gu robh e +feuchainn mar a b' fhearr a dh' fhaodadh e a làn dhleasanais a +choimhlionadh gu h-onarach d'a cho-chreutair, bho'n neach a b' airde gus +an neach a b' ìsle, mar neach a bha cunntasach do shluagh na tìre airson +gach gniomh d'a dheanadais choitchinn. Ni 's fhaide cha ruig mi leas a +dhol 's a' chuis so an drasda, ach na'n robh an t-am iomchuidh, tha mi +creidsinn gu'm faotainn a radh le firinn gu robh a dhochas steidhichte +ann an àrd-uachdranachd an Fhreasdail sin a tha lùbadh gach gniomh 's +gach oidheirp dhaonnail chum a chriochan maith fein. Gidheadh, tha 'us +bithidh caochladh bheachdan am measg an t-sluaigh air an Rosach, mar +dhuine 's mar mhinisteir stàid. 'S dual dha sin tachairt; tha gach neach +againn fein buailteach do'n ghnàths cheudna. N' am b' urrainn duinn fior +smuaintean ar cairdean 's ar coimhearsnach oirnn fhein, air uairibh, +fhaotainn am mach, chuireadh iad mór iongantais oirnn, oir is tana an +eigh tha fo m' chasan-sa, agus fo d' chasan-sa, a charaid, co air bith +thu. + +Bho thoiseach gu deireadh a chùrsa bha Mr. Ros trang ag obair. Cha +deachaidh stad air a shaothair. B'e sin cion-fàth a shoirbheachaidh. +Thoisich e mar bhallachan bochd; cha robh airgead no òr air a chùlthaobh +g' a chuideachadh air adhart. Tha'n cothrom cheudna a bh' aigesan aig +gach òganach a tha 's an tìr an diugh. 'S i obair chruaidh agus inntinn +ghlan a bheir neach gu mullach na beinne. Ma 's e marsantachd, dreuchd +an lighiche no 'n fhir-lagha, na ministeirleachd, no oibre-laimh a +th'ann, feumaidh neach a bhith 'n a fhior mhaighstir air a ghniomh, agus +feumaidh e a bhuadhan a gheurachadh leis an fhoghlum sin a tha feumail +airson a dhreuchd. Tha a' mhór chuid dhinn comasach air so a dheanamh ma +tha slàinte cuirp agus beachd suidhichte againn ar làn dhichioll a +dheanamh. + +Tha'n sean-fhacal ag radh: "Ni lamh na leisge bochd; ach ni lamh nan +dichiollach beartach." Cha d'rinn lamh dhichiollach Shir Seorais beartas +dha. Bha e 'n a dhuine bochd o thòs gu éis a bheatha, mar bu tric fo +fhiachan trom, ach a ghnath g' am paigheadh mar bha 'n comas aige, 's +aig a' cheann mu dheireadh mar robh moran ri fhàgail 'na dheidh cha robh +dad ri dhioladh. Ach thug e neart a bheatha agus toradh a chinn 's a +chridhe do'n stàid, chum, mar bha dùil chinnteach aige, maith an +t-sluaigh. + +Cha robh doimhneachd bhuadhan aige mar bha aig cuid de cho-aoisean ann +an Canada; agus cha d'fhuair e cothrom 'n a òige air inntinn a +liobhrachadh air cloich-bhleith a chruaidh oileanachaidh, a +dh'àraicheadh araon fìnealachd chainnt agus eagnuidheachd smuain. Bha'n +uireasbhuidh so r' a faicinn 'n a mhodh-labhairt, 'n a mhodh-sgriobhaidh, +agus 'n a mhodh saothrachaidh. Ach, "Is airde tuathanach air a chasan na +duin'-uasal air a ghluinean." + +Ann an aon de dh'òraidean an Rosaich air beulaibh Comuinn Naoimh +Aindreis, Thoronto (1909) thubhairt e gu robh sluagh Chanada +comharraichte math gu bhith tionail 's a' togail gliocais agus ceill o +gach cearnaidh de'n t-saoghal, 's g'an ùisneachachadh airson am buanachd +féin. Tha iad a' tionail fiosrachaidh agus nuadh smuaintean mu chuisean +malairt is airgid as gach àite 's am faighear iad. Tha iad a' toirt bho +ghnàths-riaghlaidh dhuthchanna eile na tha iad am beachd a fhreagarras, +'s a leasaicheas an gnàths-riaghlaidh fein. + +Bha am beachd so gun teagamh ceart, agus tha mi'n duil gu bheil e ceart +mu'n Rosach e fein. Bha alt fir-tionail aige ann an ìre mhór; ghabhadh e +stigh eolas mar a shlugadh suil-chruthach clach. Agus rinn e 'na bha 'n +a chomas chum a bhuadhan a neartachadh le cleachdadh daonnan a thoirt +dhaibh a' tional eolais anns gach raon a bha fosgailte dha. Cha robh +moran 'san tìr so a dh'obraich cho cruaidh 's cho bitheanta ris air +thòir eolais gu bhi leudachadh 's a meudachadh a thuigse, agus ann an +roinn mhor shoirbhich leìs. Dh' àrdaich e tuigse, agus "chur i suas e; +thug i gu urram e; thug i d'a cheann coron maise, crùn gloire thug i +seachad dha." Cha'n fheil mi ag radh gu'n deachaidh gliocas ceum air +cheum, lamh a'n laimh ri a thuigse, ach gun teagamh b' i 'n tuigse air +nithean a dhreuchd 's a dhuthcha, a bhuinig e le mór dhichioll, a thug +comas dha eiridh gus an inbhe air an d' rainig e. + +Mar bhall-parlamaid ann an Ottawa bha e dian, dlùth, mar thuirt mi +cheana, ann an ceum a dhleasanais. Bha e bitheanta 'na àite, a' toirt +speis agus suim do'n obair bha'n laimh; a'rannsachadh chùisean na +duthcha, 's g'a ullachadh fein airson oibre làitheil an Taighe. Air an +doigh so, le sior-shaothair, daonnan ag obair, fhuair e lethid a +mhaighstireachd air gnothaichean na parlamaid, 's gu robh e comasach, +gun rabhadh fhaotainn roimh laimh, labhairt aig am 's am bith, air +cuspair 's am bith a dh'fhaodadh tighinn air lom, agus làn-cheartais a +thoirt do'n chùis. Cha robh ach aon duine eile 's an Taigh, aig an am +sin, a b' urrainn an ni ceudna a dheanamh--Mr. Anglin, nach mairean, +athair a' bhreitheimh ann an Ottawa. Cha'n i slighe shoirbh a tha +treòrachadh gu soirbheas; ach "theid an t-anmhunn dichiollach thar an +laidir leisg," agus a rithis, "Is treun fear an eòlais." + +An deidh do'n Rosach bhith aon-bliadhn' deug ann am Parlamaid Chanada, +roghnaich Mr. Mowat e gu bhith 'na Mhinisteir Fhoghluim airson Ontario. +Dh' fhan e 's an dreuchd sin fad sè-bliadhna deug--gus a' bhliadhna 1899 +'n uair a ghairmeadh e gu bhith 'n a Phriomh uachdaran air a mhor-roinn +so. Mar Mhinisteir Fhoghluim bha e tri bliadhna deug fo ughdarras Mhr. +Mowat, duine a choisinn spéis agus earbsa an t-sluaigh, mar dhuine còir, +ceart, curamach. Ri linn-san rinn an Rosach a' chuid bu mhotha 's bu +doirbhe de obair mar Mhinisteir Fhoghluim. 'S e beachd a' chuid mhór an +diugh gu'n do chuir e comharradh ionmholta a mhaireas iomadh la air +sgoilean agus oil-thaighean na tìre. Tha mi creidsinn g'um b' e an ni bu +mhotha a rinn e fad a dhreuchd na h-oilthaighean a tharruing ri cheile +ann an Toronto a' ceadachadh do dh'aon oil-thaigh laidir fàs suas a'n +àite àireamh de dh' fheadhainn lag a bhith strìth airson am beatha. +Nochd e mór thapachd air uairibh an cois a dhleasanais do na sgoilean. +Tha Foghlum na duthcha so làn de dhoirbheachd; cha'n e gnothuch furasda +a th'ann do neach air bith. S' dual d'a comhstrith àrach,--Tha +maighstirean sgoile, ministeirean, àrd-ollaimh, oileanaich, 's an sluagh +air fad, ioma-bheachdach, agus is dual do gach neach a bhith sparradh a +bheachd fein air a' mhinisteir. Tha e nadurra gu'm biodh tuasaid, +aimhreit, agus droch-fharachdainn ag eirigh 's a bualadh a' mhinisteir +mar a ghaoith chreanndaidh earraich. B'e sin a' chùis; agus tha e chum +creideas an Rosaich gu' n d'fhuair e troimh shè bliadhna deug de'n +stoirm le aodach slàn air crann an eathair. Dh' fhaodadh neach innseadh +a'n so, 'n am b'fheudar, mu chuid de na nithean dalma, curanta a rinn e, +mu nithean a thug e gu buil mhaith an aghaidh luchd-strìth, agus mu +nithean a chum e air an ais, 's a bhac e gu tur, an aghaidh neirt +luchd-tagraidh 's luchd-bagraidh chumhachdach a bhiodh ag iarraidh +nithean nach bu chòir daibh. Ach cha ruigear a leas sin a dheanamh. +Sheasadh e roimh Mowat 's a cho luchd-riaghlaidh gun lùbadh glùn, 's cho +daingean ri carraig, air taobh na còrach, mar a chunnaic esan i. Tha so +agam bho dhithis de cho-luchd-riaghlaidh a thug an teisteas dhomh gu +robh e ghnàth ag iarraidh an ni a bha ceart a dheanamh. Chaidh innseadh +dhomh leis an rùnair a bha comhladh ris rè na sè-bliadhna deug sin, nach +d' fhalaich e riamh bho shùil neach eile aon litir a fhuair e mar +mhinisteir, air gnothaichean nan sgoil. Bha iad fosgailte do neach air +bith aig an robh gnothuch r'an leughadh; air an doigh cheudna, cha robh +ni 's am bith de obair a dh' iarr e a chleith bho chleireach no +oifigeach a bha g'a chuideachadh. Cha b'urrainnear dearbhadh ni b' +fhearr na so fhaotainn nach robh aobhar eagail aige gnothuichean +coitchionn a dhreuchd fheuchainn do'n t-saoghal. + +An los a shaothair fhuair e urram na doctaireachd o oil-thaighean Naomh +Aindreis, a'n Alba, na Ban-righinn, agus Toronto, ann an Canada. + +Ri linn mar Phriomh-fhear bha suidheachadh na mor-roinne so car +trioblaideach. Bha na Liberals gle fhada air ceann na duthcha, 's bha na +neoil a'cur sgaile throm air an iarmailt. An uair a ghabh an Rosach an +stiùir, cha 'n e mhàin gu robh stoirm chunnartach a' cruinneachadh air +gach taobh, ach bha'n soitheach fein sean, tulgach, eu-dionach. Cha robh +riaghladh Mhowat aghartach gu bhi fosgladh suas na duthcha, no gu bhi +cur air chois oibre mhóra. Bha Mowat ro chrionta mu bhi cur am mach +airgead air leasachadh na tìre. Bha e 'n a shàr fhear-lagha, cùramach, +faicilleach, ach cha robh sgonn ghnothuich air. Mar sin, bha moran +nithean air am fàgail gun deanamh, 's bha'n duthaich a' fulang o' n +ghoirt. Bha Mr. Hardy, a lean Mowat, briste 'n a shlàinte, ach beag fad +a riaghlaidh, gun chomas moran a dheanamh. Bha'n duthaich ag eigheach am +mach airson oibre, airson leasachadh crannchur, agus chuir an Rosach +aodann an t-soithich, breòite mar bha i, ri aghaidh gaoithe. Air a' +chùrsa b' iomadh tonn a bhuail oirre, b' iomadh oidhche, dhubh, neulach, +dhorcha a sheas an ceannard air clàr, b'iomadh uair bha'n combaist fa +chomhair agus luaidhe ghrunn-aichidh teagamhach 'n a laimh; an drasda 's +a rithis b' fheudar bhi teann ri ceann am fhuairidh, ach sheas e àite, +ghleidh e 'n stiùir, is shàbhail e 'n luchd bh'air bòrd. Bha cuid de'n +luchd so ro-luachmhor, mar a bha fosgladh suas Ontario-mu-thuath, agus +an fhurtachd a thug e do dh'oibribh mora Chlergue aig Sault Ste. Marie, +a shàbhail iad o bhristeadh; agus am misneachadh a thug e do na +cuideachdan a tha toirt cumhachd-dhealan a uisgean Niagara. Cho luath 's +a ghabh e 'n laimh riaghladh Ontario chuir e am mach deich sgioba do'n +taobh tuath a rannsachadh na duthcha o chrioch Chuibec gu Nepigon 's an +iar. Fhuair iad sin a mach naduir agus gnè na duthcha moire sin--gu'n +robh moran fiodh luachmhor ann agus talamh beartach, torach a thogadh +gach seorsa gràn agus fhreumh airson bidh dhuine agus ainmhidh. Air dha +so a bhith air a dheanamh soilleir dha, leag e rathad-iarruinn troimh 'n +duthaich chum fhosgladh. A'n cùrsa na h-oibre fhuaireadh airgead agus +cobalt a'm pailteas mhór, agus leis a so chaidh moran sluaigh gu tuath. +A nis, tha òr is airgead agus meinn eile a' toirt a staigh suim a tha +dol gus na muileinean gach bliadhna; agus tha'n comhnard mór creadha a' +gabhail a steach ceudan de theaghlaichean a tha faotainn dachaidhean a'n +sin mar a fhuair na priomh luchd-aiteachaidh roimhe so ann an Ontario mu +dheas. Buinidh cliu an euchd mhoir so do Sheoras Ros, ach cha 'n 'eil +aon àite do'n duthaich ùr so ris am bheil ainm co-cheangailte mar +chuimhneachan. Tha ainmean Latchford, Engelhardt, Matheson agus Cochrane +gu h-àrd urramach 's an taobh tuath, ach cha'n 'eil baile beag no mór, +beann, sliabh, no sruth, air ainmeachadh air an duine a rùnaich, a +thòisich, 's a thug gu buil, an obair o'n do shruth so uile. + +Ach am measg nan gnothaichean neo-dheanta a bha glaodhaich airson +fuasglaidh, cha robh aon aig an am so cho buaireanta ri gnothaich na +stuamachd, 's tha mi'n dùil nach fheil aon chupan a dh'òl an Rosach rè a +mhinisteirleachd a bha cho seirbh rithe so. Bha e air taobh na stuamachd +fad a bheatha. Bha moran chairdean aige air an taobh cheudna, agus bha +dochas aca gu'n seasadh e gu dileas leo. Air an aobhair sin feumar +leudachadh car mionaid air a so. + +Ri linn Mhowat, gheall an duine sin do na Stuaimich gu'n deanadh e lagh +an aghaidh a bhith deanamh deoch laidir ann an Ontario, no gu bhith g'a +reic no g'a cheannach,--a'n goirid,--nach biodh malairt na dibhe air a +cheadachadh 's a Mhor-roinn; 'n am biodh e air a dheanamh soilleir le +àrd-chuirt Lunnainn gu robh cumhachd aig Parlamaid Ontario +lagh-bachdaidh de'n t-seorsa sin a dheanamh. Rinn ard-chuirt Lunnainn +soilleir gu robh an cumhachd so aig Parlamaidean Mor-roinnean Chanada, +ann an cuis Mhanitoba, agus bha duil aig Stuaimich Ontario an +lagh-bachdaidh fhaotainn. Ach mu'n d' thainig breith Lunnainn a mach, +chaidh Mowat gu Ottawa, agus lìon Hardy àite ann an Toronto. +Dh'ath-ùraich Hardy gealladh Mhowat, ach cha d'fhuair e cothrom a +choimhlionadh. Lean Ros Hardy agus bha na Stuaimich a' cumail a mach gu +robh esan cuideachd ceangailte le gealladh Mhowat agus Hardy. C'arson, +ma ta, nach do choimhlion e an gealladh? 'Nam b' urrainnear a cheisd so +fhuasgladh bheirte air falbh an smal a's duirche th'air cliù Shir +Seorais an diùgh. Tha mi 's an t-suidheachadh so,--gur urrainn domh +mineachadh Shir Seorais fein a thoirt seachad. Chuir mi a cheisd ris la +ann an Ottawa beagan is bliadhna roimhe so. 'S ann mar so a fhreagair e +mi:--"Bha mise gu tur neo-chomasach air gealladh Mhowat agus Hardy a +thoirt gu crich aig an am. Cha robh ni a bha ni b' fhaisge do m' +chridhe, ach bha e do-dheanta. 'S a' cheud àite cha robh an gealladh air +a thoirt leamsa ach le Mowat, agus an deigh sin le Hardy. Tha fhios agam +gu'n do cheangail an gealladh sin co-riaghlairean Mhowat agus na +Liberals, ach cha do cheangail e mise mar aon dhuine idir, do bhrigh +nach b'e mise gu pearsanta a thug an gealladh. Nis, bha is tha mi de'n +bheachd gu'm bu chòir do na Liberals an gealladh a choimhlionadh, 's tha +mi creidsinn gu'n dean iad sin fhathasd ma gheibh iad an cothrom,[1] ach +an uair a dh' fheuch mise ri mo cho-riaghladairean 's mo luchd-taic de +na Liberals a cho-eigneachadh gu lagh-bacaidh a thoirt a staigh, dhuilt +iad calg-dhireach sin a dheanamh. Thairg mi mo dhreuchd a leagail sios, +ach cha d' rinn sin feum. Cha robh mi riamh de'n bheachd gu robh e ceart +do dh--uachdran sam bith a bharail fein a spadadh air muinntir eile an +aghaidh an toil. Rinn mise na b' urrainn mi, ach cha robh cumhachd agam +daoine a bha neo-thoileach a dheanamh toileach a dhol leam. Cha 'n e +mise bu chòir an uallach so a ghiulain, ach na daoine a dhiult 's a chum +air ais mi 's a' chùis. Tha mi deonach mo chuibhrionn dligheach de'n +choire a ghabhail orm fein, ach faodas tu so a chreidsinn, cha'n e mise +bu choireach. Tha iad ag radh nach d'rinn mi mar a rinn Alasdair +MacCoinnich mu chise-marsantachd na duthcha. Tha diurras mhor eadar an +da chuis. Sheas a chuid mhor do chuideachd Mhic-Coinnich leis-san; cha +d'rinneadh sin leam-sa. A bharrachd air sin, cha b' e cùis choguis, ach +cùis beo-shlainte ris an robh aig MacCoinnich ri dheanamh. Bha e ro +dhiorrasach, ro rag 'na bheachd; cha robh còir no ceart aige feuchainn +ri thoil fhein fhaotainn 'dheoin no dh' aindheoin, 'n uair bha 'n +duthaich dol fàs cion dìon. Cha 'n 'eil an còir so aig duine 's am bith +'s an t-saoghal. Chaidh an la seachad anns am faigh riaghladair a thoil +fhein neo-air-thaing do chàch. Faodaidh duine tha saor o dhreuchd a +bheachdan fein a bhi aige, ach ann an duthaich a tha fo shaor +riaghlaidh, 's e toil an t-sluaigh, cha'n e toil an uachdarain is còir a +dheanamh." + +[Footnote 1: Dh' fheuch iad ri sin a dheanamh 's an Taghadh a'n 1914.] + +Dh' fhiosraich mi fein a' chùis gu ro-mhionaideach, 's tha mi +smuaineachadh nach urrainn a' mhor-chuid de na Liberals clach a thilgeil +air a chliù, 's an ni so. Tha mi creidsinn mar theid uine seachad gu'n +tig an fhior chor gu solus, 's nach bi càin throm ri phaidheadh le +'dheagh-chliù. + +Bha e air a radh gu'n d'fhan e ro fhada air ceann an riaghlaidh. Tha mi +creidsinn gu'n d'fhan. Tha mi creidsinn gu'm fac' e caochladh a' tighinn +air earbsa an t-sluaigh, 's 'nan robh e saor, nach fhanadh e a'n +cumhachd cho fada 's a dh' fhan e. Ach mar thuirt e fein: "Cha b' ann +leamsa na Liberals b'ann leosan mise. Bha mi 'n am Phriomhfhear, ach b' +ann mar àrd-sheirbhiseach, cha b' ann mar Impire na-Gearmailt." Chaidh e +'s a' chùis so, reir comhairle, cha b' ann a reir a bheachd fhein. + +An uair a chaidh e do'n duthaich air an tràth mu dheireadh cha robh +traoghadh air a mhisneachd no air a threuntachd. Dh' fhoillsich e cridhe +an leoghain 's a' chath. Bha a bhuadhan air an lasadh le teine +'mhac-mheamna, agus shoillsich a bhriathrachas dubhachas deistinneach na +comhstrith mar dhealraicheas dearrsadh gealaich an fhogharaidh dubhar na +h-oidhche. Bu shluagh mór na Ceiltich 's an am a thriall, 's cha do +chaill iad buaidh fola an sinnsearan fhathasd. Cha b' e gnè an fhior +Ghaidheil teicheadh roimh namhaid; "Oir geill cha tug Camashronach +riamh"; geill riamh cha d'thug clanna Chuinn Cheud-chathach, no siol +Olghair nan Lann, no sliochd Chabarfeigh, no clann Diarmaid O'Duinn, +d'an suaicheantas ceann an tuirc; mar sinn nam fineachan eile, na +Rosaich nam measg, 's cha bu dual gu'n leagadh Sir Seoras sios a shleagh +'s e beò. 'S an taghadh so sheas e a chùis, ach beag, 'na aonar, air +beulaibh an t-sluaigh. Cha robh moran de mhaithibh a thaobh fein maille +ris air chuairt. Bha coinneamh an deidh coinneimh aige air feadh na tìre +air fad, 's ged bha'n sluagh a' tuiteam air falbh bhuaith cha do chaisg +e aon oidheirp, nior robh coltas sgìths air an t-seann each cogaidh no +air a mharcaiche. Thuit e mar thuit na ceudan, ach thuit e 's a' bhlàr, +le aghaidh ris an namhaid. + +Ann an seomair na Parlamaid bha a thlachd ann an gleadhraich nan teanga. +Bha e geur sgaiteach 'n a bhriathran,--"ealamh, ullamh, aigeannach," mar +tha'n duan. An uair bhiodh deasbud mór air lom, bha e dàna, colganta, +àrd-bhriathrach. Bha e'n sin 'na làn eileamaid; mar shaighdear 's a' +chogadh, le claidheamh liobharach chinn Ilich 'na dhòrn, a teumadh, a +beumadh, 's a bearnadh am bac baidealach ri aghaidh air taobh eile na +cùis. Bha gniomh an fhir-chlis aige agus cleas an gatha-builg. Cha robh +aon innleachd an fhir-labhairt air nach robh e 'na mhaighstir, 's b' +ainneamh an t-am nach do choisinn e àrd dhuais an fhir-thagair. + +Thubhairt mi gu robh e coibhneil do'n bhochd agus foidhidneach fo +thrioblaid. Mar dhuine bochd e fein bha bàigh aige do na bochdan agus +bha a lamh 'n a sporran gu minic. Airson moran bhliadhnaichean fhuiling +e péin is doruinn leis a ghreim-lònaidh a bha nimheil is cruaidh ri +ghiulan. Ach bha fhoidhidinn fo'n eucail so ro-iongantach. Bha e +tiorail, blath-chridheach 'n a theaghlach agus ri aghaidh dhaoine. Agus +an uair a bha neach 's am bith comhradh ris bha e cuirteil, eireachdail, +mar gu'm bu phrionns' a bhiodh ann. + +Mar Ghaidheal bha e làn-inntinneach, dileas agus fialaidh. Bha e +deidheil air a' Ghaidhlig agus air eachdraidh na Gaidhealtachd air an +robh e mion-eolach. Bha e pròiseal mu na rinn na Gaidheil do Chanada; +agus beagan mhiosan mu'n do chaochail e dh' iarr e orm a chuideachadh gu +comunn de chlann Rois a chur air chois ann am America. Chaidh so +dheanamh agus chaidh e fein a thaghadh air an ceann. Bu toil leis a bhi +cluinntinn 's a bhi comhradh mu na Gaidheil, agus bha tlachd aige a +bhith 'n am measg. "A chuid de Phàras dha." 'S fhada mu'n tig an latha +air nach bi ainm air a mholadh am measg a cho-luchd-duthcha ann an +Canada. + + + + + Transcriber's Notes + +Hyphenation, spelling and grammar have been preserved as in the original +with the following exceptions. + +Page 3, An deidh na sîthe fhuair ==> An deidh na sìthe fhuair +Page 3, Shoirbhich leo is dh' fhàs ==> Shoirbhich leo is dh'fhàs +Page 7, Mar a dh-fhàs e suas chaidh ==> Mar a dh'fhàs e suas chaidh +Page 7, air a' bheurla Shasunnach ==> air a' Bheurla Shasunnach +Page 11, bhàth e'n câmp. ==> bhàth e'n camp. +Page 18, tighinn dha na thrí ==> tighinn dha na thri +Page 23, a bheurla Shasunnach ==> a Bheurla Shasunnach +Page 29, Tearlach MacCoinnich. ==> Teàrlach MacCoinnich. +Page 31, 'Sa bhliadhua so--1867 ==> 'Sa bhliadhna so--1867 +Page 34, gu bhi riagladh thairis ==> gu bhi riaghladh thairis +Page 34, Dh' fhàs an càirdeas ==> Dh'fhàs an càirdeas +Page 46, so a dh-obraich cho ==> so a dh'obraich cho +Page 54, dh--uachdran sam bith ==> dh'uachdran sam bith + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Gearr-sgeoil air Sir Seoras Uilleam +Ross, by Alexander Fraser + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GEARR-SGEOIL AIR SIR SEORAS *** + +***** This file should be named 39849-8.txt or 39849-8.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/3/9/8/4/39849/ + +Produced by David T. 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You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Gearr-sgeoil air Sir Seoras Uilleam Ross + +Author: Alexander Fraser + +Release Date: May 29, 2012 [EBook #39849] + +Language: Scots Gaelic + +Character set encoding: UTF-8 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GEARR-SGEOIL AIR SIR SEORAS *** + + + + +Produced by David T. Jones, James Wright, Michael Bauer +of Gaelic translation services www.akerbeltz.com, Ross +Cooling and the Online Distributed Proofreading Canada +Team at http://www.pgdpcanada.net + + + + + + +</pre> + + + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/cover.jpg" width="600" height="968" alt="" title="cover" /> +</div> + +<p><br /><br /><br /></p> + + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_1" id="Page_1">[Pg 1]</a></span></p> +<h2>GEARR-SGEOIL</h2> + +<h4>AIR</h4> + +<h1>SIR SEORAS UILLEAM ROS</h1> + +<h4>AGUS AIR<br /> +<br /> +MAR A THUINICH NA GAIDHEIL<br /> +ANN AN CANADA UACHDRACH<br /> +<br /><br /><br /> +LEIS AN<br /> +<big>OLLAMH ALASDAIR FRISEAL</big></h4> + +<p><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /></p> + +<h4>TORONTO, 1915</h4> + +<p><br /><br /></p> + +<p class="toc"> +<a href="#FACAL"><b>FACAL TOISEACHAIDH</b></a><br /> +<a href="#I."><b>I.</b></a><br /> +<a href="#II."><b>II.</b></a><br /> +<a href="#III."><b>III.</b></a><br /> +<a href="#IV."><b>IV.</b></a><br /> +<a href="#V."><b>V.</b></a><br /> +</p> + +<p><br /><br /></p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_3" id="Page_3">[Pg 3]</a></span></p> +<h2><a name="FACAL" id="FACAL"></a>FACAL TOISEACHAIDH</h2> +<p><br /></p> + +<p><span class="dropcap">I</span>S toigh le sluagh la-an-diugh a bhith leughadh +eachdraidh-beatha dhaoine ainmeil: +tha e iomchuidh gu'm bitheadh na Gaidheil +cuimhneachail air diùlanaich an cinnidh fein, +agus tha e 'na aobhar bròin cho beag 's a +chaidh chur a'n clò mu Ghaidheil iomraiteach +Chanada, am measg an robh daoine cliùiteach +a choisinn moladh an co-dhuthchaich.</p> + +<p>Bho thoiseach àiteachaidh Chanada bha na +Gaidheil am follais. Bha iad ann an armailt +Wolfe aig Louisburg agus aig Quebec far an +do thionndaidh iad an latha. <a name="An_deidh" id="An_deidh">An deidh</a> na +sìthe fhuair iad obair eile ri dheanamh. Thog +iad fearann, chaidh iad a stigh gu doimhneachd +na coille a bhuinnig dhachaidhean +dhaibh fein. <a name="Shoirbhich" id="Shoirbhich">Shoirbhich</a> leo is dh' fhàs iad +lionmhor: anns gach gairm is gniomh bha iad +deas; leòsan shocraicheadh seol-riaghlaidh +agus móran de laghanan bunabhasach na tìre. +Bhitheadh e chum toil-inntinn an gineil—dh'fhaoidte +chum an leas—na 'm bitheadh +iomradh orra air a ghleidheadh leinne.</p> + +<p>'S i 'n smuain so a mhàin ceann-fàth an +sgeoil ghoirid so mu Ghaidheal Chanadach +nach d'rinn dearmad riamh air Tìr nam +Beann.</p> + +<p><br /><br /></p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[Pg 5]</a></span></p> + +<h2>SIR SEORAS ROS<br /> +<br /> +<a name="I." id="I."></a>I.</h2> +<p><br /></p> + +<p><span class="dropcap">S</span>AN t-seann aimsir b'abhaist do na Gaidheil +caoidh mór a dhèanamh mu bhàs ceann-cinnidh, +no neach eile air an robh mór spéis. B' +e dleasanas a' phiobaire an coronach a thogail +ri toirm na pioba; dleasanas a' bhàird cliù an +laoich a chur air fonn nan dàn. B' i so an +duais a b' àirde ris an robh dùil aig na flaithean +Gaidhealach 's an t-saoghal so, maraon +duais nam marbh agus misneachadh nam beo; +oir cha robh àrd no iosal gun deidh air deagh +bheachd a ghinealaich fein, agus air àite urramach +fhaotainn ann an eachdraidh bhuan a +dhuthcha.</p> + +<p>Tha bàrdachd Oisein luchdaichte le trom +thùrsa airson nam marbh gaisgeil a chuir +deagh chomhraig 's a thuit 's a bhlàr:—</p> + +<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> +<span class="i0">'Charuill, tog do ghuth gu h-àrd</span> +<span class="i0">Air gach linn a bh' ann nach beò;</span> +<span class="i0">Caithear oidhche ann am mìn dhàn;</span> +<span class="i0">Faighear gàirdeachas 's a' bhròn.</span> +<span class="i0">'S iomadh saoi is òigh 'bu chaoin</span> +<span class="i0">'Ghluais o thùs a'n Innis-fàil.</span> +<span class="i0">Is taitneach dàin air na laoich</span> +<span class="i0">O thaobh Alba nam fuaim àrd.</span> +<span class="i0">'N uair a dh' aomas farum na seilg</span><span class="pagenumbq"><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">[Pg 6]</a></span> +<span class="i0">Fo ghuth Oisein nan caomh-rann,</span> +<span class="i0">'S a fhreagras aonach an deirg</span> +<span class="i0">Sruth Chòna nan toirm mall.</span> +<span class="i10">—<span class="smcap">Fionn. D. I.</span> 565.</span> +</div></div> + +<p>Agus, a rithis, mar tha e ag imeachd le ceum +stàideil na h-aoise:—</p> + +<div class="poem2"><div class="stanza"> +<span class="i0">A ghutha Chòna, 's àirde fuaim,</span> +<span class="i0">A bhàrda tha luaidh mu aois,</span> +<span class="i0">Do'n eirich air 'ur n-anam suas,</span> +<span class="i0">Feachdan mór' nan gorm chruaidh laoch.</span> +<span class="i0">'S taitneach leam aoibhneas a' bhròin,</span> +<span class="i0">Fo 'n lùb geug dharaig nan tòrr,</span> +<span class="i0">'S an duileach òg ag eirigh maoth,</span> +<span class="i0">Togaibh-se, mo bhàird, am fonn.</span> +</div></div> + +<p>Cha 'n fheil carrachan-cuimhne a's brèagha +no a's maireannaiche na iadsan a dheilbheadh +leis na bàird mhóra,—Alasdair Mac-Mhaighstir +Alasdair, Dunncha Bàn Mac-an-t-saoir, Iain +Lom, Iain MacCodrum, agus Iain Moireastan, +Gobha na Hearradh, mar air Domhnullach na +Tòiseachd:—</p> + +<div class="poem3"><div class="stanza"> +<span class="i0">Bha do phearsa 's do ghluasad,</span> +<span class="i0">Co tlachdmhor, neò-thuairgneach, is tlàth,</span> +<span class="i0">Chor 's gur tearc iad thug fuath dhuit,</span> +<span class="i0">Ged bu lionmhor bha fuaidht' riut a'n gràdh;</span> +<span class="i0">Aig na h-ìslean 's na h-uaislean,</span> +<span class="i0">Bha spéis dhuit, ged b' uaibhreach dhiubh pàirt,</span> +<span class="i0">Ni dh' fhag t-iomradh g' a luaidh ac',</span> +<span class="i0">Mar sgeul bròin o'n là chual iad do bhàs.</span> +</div></div> + +<p><br /><br /></p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[Pg 7]</a></span></p> +<h2><a name="II." id="II."></a>II.</h2> +<p><br /></p> + +<p><span class="dropcap">C</span>HA 'n fheil e 'n am chomas cliù Shir +Seorais Rois a chur an céill air an doigh +so, ann an duan no òran, ach, mar sheanachaidh +feuchaidh mi ri clach a chur 'n a chàrn.</p> + +<p>B' e athair, Seumas Ros, a mhuinntir Inbhir-feotharain, +a'n Siorramachd Rois. <a name="Mar" id="Mar">Mar</a> a +dh'fhàs e suas chaidh e gu sgìre Eadardain, +air taobh an ear-thuath de'n t-siorramachd. +Bha e 'n a bhall measail de chomhthional +Mhr. Chamshroin, agus tha ainm fathasd air +chuimhne am measg nan seann daoine. Agus +b'i mhàthair Eilidh Nic-Fhionnghain, a bhuineadh +do theaghlach a chaidh o Inbhirnis gu +taobh tuath fadhlach Chrombaigh, a 'n Siorramachd +Rois. Bha deagh chliù oirre 's a' +choimhearsnachd, agus mar a fear-posda fhuair +i mór spéis bho càirdean 's an t-seann dùthaich. +Bha chàraid so de fhuil ghlan Ghaidhealach +fad iomadh ginealach; bha iad ni b'eolaiche +air an teangaidh Ghaidhlig na bha iad +<a name="air" id="air">air</a> a' Bheurla Shasunnach, agus b' abhaist do +Shir Seoras, am mac, uaill a dheanamh gu'n +d'fhuair e cànain agus smior a shinnseara gun +smal gun ghiamh orra.</p> + +<p>Mar a rinn móran Ghaidheal eile 's an am, +thriall Seumas Ros agus a bhean gu Canada,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[Pg 8]</a></span> +"tir a' gheallaidh" an la ud mar an diugh. Ach +tha atharrachadh mór eadar suidheachadh +Chanada an diugh, 's an dé. Tha e furasda +do'n eilthireach a shlighe a dheanamh an +diugh gu Canada an coimeas ris an turus +cheudna a ghabh Seumas Ros mu thri fichead +bliadhna 's a dha dheug roimhe so. An diugh +foghnaidh da sheachdain air muir, is aon +seachdain air tìr ge b'e cho fada 's a tha aig +neach ri dhol. An sin ghabhadh e sè no seachd +seachdain air cuan agus seachdain no'n còrr +air loch is abhainn, a bharrachd air an ùine +thar ròidean garbh-thollach tulganach, neo-shocaireach +tre'n fhàsach, air am bitheadh e +fein, a theaghlach, 's a chuid de'n t-saoghal +air an tarruing air slaod-dhaimh gun dad a +chabhaig.</p> + +<p>Thog an Rosach fearann ann am Middlesex +aig Naruinn, àite a bha air ainmeachadh +air Inbhir-Naruinn anns a' Ghaidhealtachd. +Thuinich comhlan math de mhuinntir Rois 's +an aite so, daoine sùghail, còir, coguiseach, +nach d'fhàg as an deidh air taobh thall a chuain, +cràbhachd an athraichean. Anns an tìr +so chum iad "gu daingean samhladh firinneach +nam briathran fallain a chuala" iad 'n an oige, +agus cho luath 's a b'urrainn daibh thog iad, +ann am frìthean domhail Ontario, Béteil +dhaibh fein, anns an robh teagasgan móra a'<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[Pg 9]</a></span> +Bhiobuill air an cuir an céill gu soilleir, soisgeullach, +a réir bheachd "Athraichean Rois," +mar ann an leabhar an Doctair Cheannaidich, +Urramaich, nach maireann. Bha ministearan +tearc, oir bha 'n sluagh sgapta 'n am badanan +beaga thall 'sa bhos thar mór astar, ach bha na +daoine, mar a b' fhearr a b' urrainn daibh, +"a' cumail am mach facail na beatha"; bha +frasan o'n àirde ag ùrachadh an fhuinn, agus +a'n deagh àm thainig toradh trom am mach.</p> + +<p>Ach cha d' fhàg na daoine so an cruaidh-fhortan +'s am bochdainn 'n an deidh 's a' +Ghaidhealtachd. Bha eiginn agus uireasbhuidh +a' feitheamh orra a' n so, agus b' iomadh +strith a bh' aca ri dheanamh a chumail an +cinn os cionn na h-an-shocair. Dh'fhàg iad +fearann cumhang, sluaghmhor; thainig iad gu +fearann farsuing, beag-shluaghach. 'S an t-sean +aite bha 'n daimhich 's an càirdean +fein aca. Ged bhitheadh an lòn air uairibh +gann, gaoth an ear-thuath air uairibh greannach, +cruaidh, bha'm fàrdach blàth le bàidh do +chach a cheile. 'S an tir ùr bha lòn ri chosnadh +le neart ghairdein agus spionnadh cridhe +a thug cruaidh-dheuchainn air an neach a +b'fhearr dhiubh. Cha d' thainig iad o an-shocair +gu socair, ach gu duthaich, gealltanach +mar bha i, a bha doirbh ri h-àiteachadh.</p> + +<p>'S lionmhor rann a chaidh dheanamh mu<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[Pg 10]</a></span> +chor nan Gaidheal a bha'm measg ceud luchd-àiteachaidh +Chanada. Tha na rannan a leanas +o'n bhàrd Mac-Gillean, Mherigomish, 'dol direach +gu cridhe na cùise, 'n a dhoigh gheur-bhriathrach +fein. Ged rinneadh iad air Nova +Scotia tha iad fior mu sheann Ontario, mar an +ceudna:—</p> + +<div class="poem3"><div class="stanza"> +<span class="i0">'S i so an dùthaich 's a bheil an cruadal</span> +<span class="i0">Gun fhios do'n t-sluagh a tha tigh'nn a nall,</span> +<span class="i0">Gur h-olc a fhuaras oirnn luchd a' bhuairidh</span> +<span class="i0">A rinn le'n tuairisgeul ar toirt ann.</span> +<span class="i0">Ma ni iad buannachd cha mhair i buan dhaibh,</span> +<span class="i0">Cha dean i suas iad 's cha'n ioghnadh leam,</span> +<span class="i0">'S gach mallachd truaghain a bhios'g an ruagadh</span> +<span class="i0">Bho'n chaidh am fuadach a chur fo'n ceann.</span> +</div></div> + +<p class="ast">* * *</p> + +<div class="poem3"><div class="stanza"> +<span class="i0">'N uair thig an geamhradh is àm na dùbhlachd</span> +<span class="i0">Bidh sneachda 'dlùthadh ri cùl nan geug,</span> +<span class="i0">'S gu domhain dùmhail dol thar na glùine,</span> +<span class="i0">'S ge maith an triùbhsair cha dean i feum,</span> +<span class="i0">Gun stocain dhùbailt' 's a' mhocais chlùdaich</span> +<span class="i0">'Bhith's air a dùnadh gu dlùth le éill;</span> +<span class="i0">B'e 'm fasan ùr dhuinn a cosg le fionntach</span> +<span class="i0">Mar chaidh a rùsgadh de'n bhrùid an dé.</span> +</div><br /> + +<div class="stanza"> +<span class="i0">Mar bi mi eòlach airson mo chómhdaich</span> +<span class="i0">Gu'm faigh mi reòta mo shròn 's mo bheul;</span> +<span class="i0">Le gaoth a tuath a bhith's neamhail fuaraidh</span> +<span class="i0">Gu'm bi mo chluasan an cunnart geur.</span> +<span class="i0">Tha'n reothadh fuath'sach, cha seas an taugh ris,</span> +<span class="i0">Gu'm mill e chruaidh ged a bha i geur;</span> +<span class="i0">Mur toir mi blàths d'i, gu'm brist an stailinn,</span> +<span class="i0">'S gun dol do'n cheardaich cha ghearr i beum.</span> +</div><br /> + +<span class="pagenumbq"><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[Pg 11]</a></span> +<div class="stanza"> +<span class="i0">'N uair thig an samhradh 's a miosa céitean</span> +<span class="i0">Bidh teas na gréine 'g am fhagail fann;</span> +<span class="i0">Gu'n cuir i spéirid 's a h-uile creutair</span> +<span class="i0">A bhith's fo éislean air feadh nan toll:</span> +<span class="i0">Na mathain bhéisteil gu'n dean iad eirigh</span> +<span class="i0">'Dhol feadh an treud 's gur-a mór an call;</span> +<span class="i0">'S a chuileag inneach gu socach puinsionta</span> +<span class="i0">'G am lot gu lionmhor le roinn a lainn.</span> +</div><br /> + +<div class="stanza"> +<span class="i0">Gu'n dean i m' aodann gu h-olc a chaobadh</span> +<span class="i0">Cha'n fhaic mi 'n saoghal 's ann 'bhith's mi dall,</span> +<span class="i0">Gu'n at mo shuilean le neart a cungaidh</span> +<span class="i0">Ro-ghuineach drùidhteach tha sùgh a teang.'</span> +<span class="i0">Cha'n fhaigh mi aireamh dhuibh ann an dànachd,</span> +<span class="i0">Gach beathach gràineil a thogas ceann,</span> +<span class="i0">'S cho liugha plaigh ann a 's a bh'air righ Pharaoh</span> +<span class="i0">Airson nan tràillean 'n uair bhàth e'n <a name="camp" id="camp">camp</a>.</span> +</div></div> + +<p class="ast">* * *</p> + +<p>Ma bha 'choille fiadhaich, fuachd a gheamhraidh +is teas an t-samhraidh, dian-chruaidh, +na cuileagan, nimheil, na fiadh-bheathaichean, +lionmhor, na ròidean, garbh, 's am fearann +'n a dhithreabh doirbh "As nach tugadh an +Fhéinn iad féin aran," bha cridheachan nan +daoine teoma, laidir, 's cha robh gealtair 'n am +measg. Mar bu chruaidhe an gnothuch b'ann +bu chalma am misneach, 's cha b' fhada gus an +d'thug iad buaidh.</p> + +<p>Thainig Seumas Ros, agus na bha leis, 's a' +bhliadhna 1832. Bhuineadh am fearann a<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[Pg 12]</a></span> +thog iad do'n Chuideachd Chanadach agus b' +i phrìs da dholair an acair. Bha 'n talamh gu +leir air a chomhdach le coille mhoir, dhùmhail +dhrislich. Bha craobhan de iomadh seorsa +ann,—bha 'n giuthas pailt, darach, beith, +uinnseann, seudar, walnut, maple, agus móran +eile freagarrach airson thaighean agus oibre +ghnathaichte na saorsainneachd. Dh' fhosgail +a' Chuideachd Chanadach aon rathad troimh +'n sgìre; b'e sin uile na rinn iad. Bha +muilean-sabhaidh aig fear-ionad na Cuideachd, +d'am b' ainm Domhnull Mac-an-Toisich, faisg +air laimh, ach cha robh goireas eile 's a +choimhearsnachd. B' e cheud ni a bha ri +dheanamh taighean a thogail airson fasgaidh +nan teaghlaichean,—mar theirte riutha <i>Shantaidhean +de logaichean</i>—bothain de fhiodh +garbh air a mheadhadh leis an tuaigh.</p> + +<p>Ged bu taighean beaga, fiodha bh'annta cha +bu taighean suarach iad; bha iad air an deagh +thogail, goireasach agus dionach ri gaillionn +a' gheamhraidh. Dh' fheumadh neach a bhith +làmh-ghleusta, eòlach air gnàths na tuaighe, an +uird, an tàil, 's an tora; agus, mar an ceudna +ceann seadhail a bhi air a mhuineal mu 'n +rachadh aige air taigh <i>logaichean</i> a thogail gu +ceart.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[Pg 13]</a></span></p> + +<div class="poem2"><div class="stanza"> +<span class="i0">Gu'n do dh' aithnich mi o'n uair sin</span> +<span class="i0">Gu'm bu chruadalach a chuis dhomh</span> +<span class="i0">Teannadh ri reiteach na coille</span> +<span class="i0">'S gun mi goireasach g'a ionnsaidh.</span> +</div> + +<div class="stanza"> +<span class="i0">'M fear nach dean obair le tuaigh</span> +<span class="i0">Is nach urrainn an uaisle 'ghiùlan</span> +<span class="i0">B' fheàrr dha fuireach ann an Albainn;</span> +<span class="i0">'S gun an fhairge gharbh a stiùireadh.</span> +</div></div> +<p class="author">—<span class="smcap">Mac-Gillean.</span></p> + +<p><br /><br /></p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[Pg 14]</a></span></p> +<h2><a name="III." id="III."></a>III.</h2> +<p><br /></p> + +<p><span class="dropcap">C</span>HA robh aoidheachd bhlàth a' feitheamh +air na Rosaich an uair a rainig iad an +dachaidhean ùr ann an Ontario, oir cha robh +neach sam bith aig ceann an uidhe a thoirt +aoidheachd dhaibh. Bha 'n tìr falamh, fàs, +ann an staid naduir, gun chraobh air a leagadh, +gun taigh air a thogail: bha'n talamh, gun +teagamh, reamhar, trom, ach bha i air a +tur-chomhdach le coille gharbh a dh'fheumta +chur deth bonn. B'e cleachdadh nan Gaidheal +ann an Canada, gach coibhneas a' nochdadh +d'an luchd-duthcha a bhitheadh a tighinn d'an +ionnsuidh. Bha iad lamh-fhosgailte, fialaidh +d'an co-chreutairean, gu h-àraidh d'am muinntir +fein. Mar bu tric bhitheadh fios aca mios +no dha roimh laimh gu'n robh seana choimhearsnaich +a' tighinn, agus dheantadh ullachadh +air an son. Aig an am cheart rachadh neach +eòlach g'an coinneachadh air an t-slighe, chum +an treòrachadh gu baile, far am bitheadh +cairtealan deas air an son am measg nan càirdean. +Gheibheadh iad fàilteachadh cridheil, +coibhneil, agus an deidh la no dha 'dhol +seachad a'leagail dhiubh sgios an turuis, rachadh +fearann freagarrach a thogail air an son.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[Pg 15]</a></span> +Air dha so bhi deanta thòisicheadh an obair +gun dàil; agus b'i sin an obair!</p> + +<p>B'e cheud ni àite a thaghadh airson taigh-comhnuidh +agus treabhair, faisg air am bitheadh +uisge math airson duine is ainmhidh. Bu +tric so air bruaich sruthain far an cluinnte +torman caoin an uisge, no air bràigh tomain +seasgair, a ghlacadh araon deò ùrail an t-samhraidh +agus gaoth ghrianach an fhogharaidh. +Ach air iomadh baile-fearainn cha robh +idir sruth no tom, loch no bealach; bha mhórchuid +'na mhachair chomhnaird fad mhìltean +air gach taobh. Air tìr de'n t-seòrsa so dh' +fheumta tobar a chladhach fada fodha 's an +talamh, agus ri thaobh rachadh na taighean +a chur suas. Air do'n bhaile agus làrach nan +taighean a bhith air an taghadh, chruinnicheadh +na coimhearsnaich gus an togail. +Bhitheadh obair ann daibh uile. Bhitheadh na +craobhan ri ghearradh sios chum làraich a +dheanamh do'n taigh, oir b' ann 's a' choille a +bha 'n gniomh ri dheanamh. Dh' fheumadh +an làrach a bhith cho farsuing 's nach tuiteadh +craobh 's am bith a leagadh stoirm air an +taigh. Rachadh, a'n sin, làrach an taighe a +thomhas, agus a reiteachadh, agus ùrlar comhnard, +reidh a dheanamh airson nan seòmar. +Mur bu tric bhitheadh na taighean de'n aon +mheud is dealbh; far am bitheadh teaghlach<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[Pg 16]</a></span> +mór, bhitheadh seòmar no dha a bharrachd air +an cuir ris an taigh, ach am bitheantas 's i +bhitheadh ann fardach de tri no ceithir a +sheòmraichean, mu dheich throidhean fichead +air a fad, agus mu fhichead troidh air a leud. +Anns a' chuid bu mhotha dhiubh bhitheadh +lobhta air am bitheadh àite-laidhe òganaich an +teaghlaich, agus, ri cliathaich an taighe bu +dual do sheòmar cùil no dha a bhi ann airson +nan nighean. Fo'n ùrlar bhitheadh seilear air +a cladhach, anns am bitheadh measan, luibhean-gàraidh, +biadh is annlann air an dion bho theas +'s bho fhuachd na h-aimsir. B'ann car mar +sin bha cumadh nan taighean-comhnuidh a +bha nis gu bhith air an togail. Bha 'n sgil bu +mhotha feumail airson oisinnean an taighe +agus bhitheadh ceathrar dhaoine tapaidh a' +frithealadh do'n ghnothuch sin. Bhitheadh na +craobhan bu fhreagarraiche air an gearradh +sios 's air an slaodadh le daimh gus an làrach. +Bhitheadh iad a'n sin air an leagail sios 's an +àite cheart, a' cheud shreath air bunchar cloich, +agus chuireadh na h-oisinnich a'n eagan a +cheile iad, g'am fiaclachadh gu gramail, eagnaidh, +mar bu chòir. Ged nach robh inneal +saorsainneachd aig na daoine ach an tuagh, +bhiodh oisinnean agus ursainnean an doruis is +nan uinneag air an gearradh cho glan, 's air an +suidheachadh cho coimhlionta 's ged bu<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[Pg 17]</a></span> +chlachan snaighte de'm bitheadh iad air an +deanamh. Mar a rachadh na ballachan suas +bhitheadh sogan air na daoine, oir bu taitneach +an ni a bhith faicinn na h-aitreibh ag +éiridh gu h-eireachdail fo'n laimh. Sreath air +sreath, craobh air a sìneadh air craoibh, +rachadh na ballachan suas gu àirde ochd no +naoidh troidh, agus, a' n sin, thoisichte air am +mullach a thoirt a steach. Cha b' ionnan +mullaich nan taighean so agus mullaich nan +seann taighean beaga Gaidhealach. A'n so +cha robh maidean-ceangail móra, maide-droma, +sparran-tarsuing, sailthean taobhanach, cabair, +ceannabhaidhean, no maide-feannaig. Agus +cha robh am mullach, biorach, àrd, no cas, mar +'s an t-seann dùthaich, ach, an cumantas, car +plod, iosal; gun ach beagan claonadh bho'n +druim-àrd gu bràigh a' bhalla. Bhitheadh am +mullach air a thoirt a steach, le bhith cur +craoibh air na tulchainnean, 's air na taobhan, +uair mu seach gus an tigeadh an da thaobh, +uidh air an uidh, ri chéile, 's a'n sin bhitheadh +am mullach deas airson an tughaidh. Cha +b'ann de sgrath, no fraoch, no fodar a bhitheadh +an tughadh, ach mar bu tric de rùsg +chraobhan móra, mar am beith no'm <i>basswood</i>. +Bu ghnàth leò an rùsg a ghearradh a'm bloidhean +gach aon mu cheithir troidhean air fad, +agus bho throidh gu ochd oirlich deug air leud.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[Pg 18]</a></span> +Rachadh an tairngneadh ris na taobh-shailthean, +car coltach ris mar a chuirear sgliatan +suas, oir na h-aoin a' <a name="tighinn" id="tighinn">tighinn</a> dha na thri +oirlich thairis air oir na h-aoin eile. Bha so a' +toirt an deagh thughadh dhaibh, dìonach agus +blàth agus buan. Bhitheadh an teintean aig +ceann an taighe. Bho lic gu mullach bhitheadh +an similear air a dheagh chreadhadh, agus b' +ainneamh an aon anns nach bitheadh tarruing +mhath air a' cheò. A réir a chomais chuireadh +neach ùrlar fiodh, leachdan, no creadh, 'n a +thaigh, an toiseach, ach cia air bith mar thòisichte, +cha b'fhada gus am bitheadh an fhardach +seasgair, goireaseach.</p> + +<p>A chionn nach robh na craobhan de'n robh +am balla air a thogail, snaighte, bhitheadh +iomadh fosgladh eadar na sreathan tre 'n +tigeadh gaoth is fuachd, agus chum so a +bhacadh thionailte coinneach agus spealgan de +fhiodh 's rachadh an dinneadh a stigh anns na +tuill gus nach fàgta a h-aon diubh neò-dhionach.</p> + +<p>Mu'n tigeadh an geamhradh rachadh taobh +muigh agus taobh stigh an taighe a chreadhadh, +oir cha robh aol deiseil an toiseach. N' +am bitheadh móran sluaigh an làthair bhitheadh +an taigh air a thogail ann an aon latha; +còrr uair ghabhte dha na thri làithean g'a +dheanamh. An uair bha'n obair so dol air a<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[Pg 19]</a></span> +h-adhart, faodar bhith cinnteach nach robh +dearmad air biadh is deoch do 'n chuideachd. +Fad seachdain roimh laimh bhitheadh àirde +air a chuir air a' ghnothuch, 's 'n uair a +chruinnicheadh na daoine air an làrach bhitheadh +na mnathan ullamh le teachd-an-tìr. B'e +teachd-an-tìr, da rìreadh, an lòn a bhitheadh +aca; cha bhitheadh dad dheth o bhùth no bho +mharsanta, ach gach spiolag bho'n tìr a bha +iad fein ag àiteachadh. Bhitheadh aran coirce, +is aran cruithneachd gu leòir ann, 'n a bhuilionnan +móra, car coltach ri bonnaich Mhicheil; +sithionn, bho'n fhrìth-choille phreasanaich, +'s an robh gach seòrsa, mór no meanbh, ri +'m faotainn, 's mar an ceudna eoin-choille a'm +pailteas. Rachadh an fheòil a' bhruich ann an +coireachan móra, agus bhitheadh brot air a +dheanamh de'n t-sùgh le measgadh de luibhean +a' ghàraidh. Bu dual, mar an ceudna, do dh' +uisge-beatha na dùthcha bhith ann, 's cha +bhitheadh maille air an òl. Bha na briuthais +lionmhor 's bha'n deoch furasda faotainn, mar +tha i'n diugh, 's bu bheag a prìs. Airson seachd +sgillinn shasunnach gheibhte da bhodach +dheth, no searrag a chumadh an ceathramh +cuid de ghalan. Còrr uair bhitheadh tuille 's +a chòrr deth air a ghabhail, ach mar bu tric +tha e ri chreidsinn gu robh measarrachd air +a cleachdadh. Gun teagamh bhitheadh feisd<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[Pg 20]</a></span> +mhór aig crich na togalach, agus bha deagh +nàbachas air àrach 's air a neartachadh am +measg nan coimhearsnach.</p> + +<p>Ach cha do sguir an coibhneas ann an so. +Bha tuille ri thighinn. Bheireadh cuid de na +mnathan bu chomasaiche leotha aodach-leapa, +is goireasan beaga airson taigheadais an teaghlaich,—ach +air son sin dheth, bha na nàbaidhean +gu léir deas gu cach-a-cheile a chuideachadh +a réir uireasbhuidh agus comais gach +neach fa leth.</p> + +<p>B'e sin an doigh anns an robh a' cheud +chuid de na Gaidheil a thainig gu Ontario a' +tòiseachadh, 's a' deanamh am beò-shlàinte. +Bha cuid de na taighean beaga so a mhair ceud +bliadhna; bha iad comhfhurtail agus sheas iad +gu math an latha fein. Thubbairt Iain Rusgain, +an sgriobhaiche ainmeil, gu'm b' ann as +na taighean beaga, dubha 's a' Ghaidhealtachd +a thainig na saighdearan bu treuna, 's na +daoine bu mheasara a chunnaic an saoghal +riamh. Air a mhodh cheudna dh'fhaoidte a +radh gu'm b'am bho <i>Shantaidhean</i> fiodha nan +coilltean a thainig luchd-stiùraidh Chanada,—na +ministeirean, maighstirean-sgoile, lighichean, +luchd-lagha, buill-phàrlamaid agus uachdarain +na tìre. Dh'eirich iad bho staid iriosail, +onorach, gu inbhe àrd le'n dichill 's le'm +misneach féin.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[Pg 21]</a></span></p> + +<p>An deigh do theaghlach tuineachadh air +an fhearann, thoisicheadh iad air a reiteachadh +'s air a ghlanadh. Mar thug sinn fainear +cheana cha b' i obair shocrach so, gu h-àraidh +far nach robh eòlas na tuaighe aig na daoine. +Mar tha' n sean-fhacal ag radh:</p> + +<p>"Is i namhaid duine a' cheaird nach +cleachd e."</p> + +<p>B'iomadh neach 'n am measg nach do leag +craobh riamh, agus a bha ni b' eòlaiche air +coin 's air caoraich, air lion-éisg, 's air treabhachas, +na bha e air innleachd na coille 's air +inneal fir-ceairde. Airson an lethid sin bha' n +obair gle dhoirbh gus an do mhaighstirich iad +i. Cha robh faochadh ri fhaotainn ach tre'n +chleas cheart ionnsachadh le dian-chleachdadh. +Bha so ni b' fhurasda do na daoine òga na do na +seana dhaoine a bha suidhichte 'nan gnàths,—"An +car a bhith's an t-seana mhaide 's duilich +a thoirt as."</p> + +<p>Bha aon de na daoine so a bha bho Airde +Mhic Shimidh, a thug dhomh iomadh sgeul air +na làithean cruaidh troimh'n deach e féin agus +a chompanaich. Aon uair chaidh e féin agus +coimhnearsnach astar air chuairt a shireadh +oibre. Cha robh facal Gaidhlig aig an duine +leis an d' fhasdadh iad, agus cha robh acasan +ach corra fhacal beurla. Bha na daoine +sgairteil, dichiollach, gu leòir, ach aineolach<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[Pg 22]</a></span> +air an obair—gearradh sios chraobhan—a +ghabh iad a'n laimh, is bha iad, mar sin, a' +cur am mach an neart gun mór sgoinn. Aon +la mar bha na fir ann an teas oibre, fear air +gach taobh de'n chraoibh, a dian leagail gu +tubaisdeach oirre le'n tuaghan, thainig fear-a' +bhaile far an robh iad, 's ag amharc car +tacan air an doigh sheochlanaich a bh'aca, +thuirt e 'na chainnt féin: "Man, John, work +like that is perfectly ridiculous." Cha b'fhios +do Iain ciod bu chiall do'n fhacal mu dheireadh +de'n achmhasan so, ach shaoil leis gu'm +b'e mionn grathail a bh' ann, is dh'eirich a +chorruich, oir bha e air a chruaidh chur, 's air +a shàrachadh gu goirt leis an obair. Sheall e +gu feargach air an tuathanach, is thilg e am +mionn mór, mar shaoil esan, air ais 'na aodann, +ag radh: "Yes, a dhuine bhochd, it is 'perfectly +ridiculous,' is gabh do leòir dheth." An uair +a dh' fhalbh an tuathanach thuirt Domhnull: +"Iain, Iain, 'de thug ort sid a radh ris an +duine? Ge b'e air bith an tàmailt a chuir e +ort, cha bu choir mionn tigh'nn as do bheul. +Cha b'e sin an eisimpleir a fhuair thus' is mise +bho na daoine còir a dh'àraich sinn, 's cha'n +fhaod sinn sin a dhi-chuimhneachadh." Ars' +an duine còir, le priobadh 'na shùil: "Bha +sinn le chéile aineolach, cha b'ann a mhàin air +an tuaigh, ach air a' bheurla, cuideachd, agus<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[Pg 23]</a></span> +chaidh iomadh la seachad mus do thuig a h-aon +dhinn brigh an fhacail 'ridiculous'; ach +air a shon sin deth, thog a' chuid bu mhotha +dhinn, le sior-chleachdadh, beurla gu leòir, airson +gnothaichean an latha a chur air an adhart, +agus, mar an ceudna, chum na searmoin +a leantuinn air an t-sàbaid."</p> + +<p>A lion beag is beag bha iad a' fàs eòlach air +an doigh-oibre, agus bha na craobhan a' tuiteam +romhpa. An uair a bhitheadh dha na tri +acair air an gearradh sios, chuireadh na coimhearsnaich +an guaillean ri chéile, aon uair eile. +Ach ciamar a dh'fhaodar sgeul an euchd a bha +nis ri dheanamh, a chur ann an altan a chéile? +Cha'n fhacar riamh co-fharpuis ni bu ghéire +na bhitheadh ann, a' slaodadh an fhiodha do'n +chruaich-theine, far an loisgteadh e eadar +bhun is bhàrr; agus cha'n fhacar féill no +faidhir riamh a thogadh sunnd nan daoine +mar a dheanadh an <i>Logging Bee</i> mar theirte +'s a Bheurla <a name="Shasunnach" id="Shasunnach">Shasunnach</a> ris an dian-iomairt so. +B'e'n cleachdadh aig am mar so, tiodhlacan +bìdh a chur do'n teaghlach aig am bitheadh an +cródhadh fiodha, agus cuide riu rachadh cuid +de na nighneagan a fhrithealadh aig am dinnearach +agus suipearach. Chruinnicheadh +móran sluaigh agus bhitheadh othail nach bu +bheag orra a' cur furain air cach a chéile, agus +a' beachdachadh air rian na h-oibre. Rachadh<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[Pg 24]</a></span> +na daoine a'n ordugh oibre air an raon 'n an +tri bhuidheannan. Bhitheadh aon bhuidheann +de dhaoine seòlta aig a' chruaich, a' gabhail an +fhiodha mar a thigeadh e staigh, g'a chàrnadh +suas sreath air muin sreath a' cumail an teine +beò, leis a' bharrach. Bhitheadh tuaghadairean +tapaidh a' gearradh gheugan de na craobhan, +a' sgioblachadh a' bharraich agus a' reiteachadh +fri-rathadan airson nan slaod. Bhitheadh +an tritheamh buidheann sgaoilte thairis +air an achadh, gach sgioba 'na h-àite féin, le +aon chuing dhamh agus dithis no triùir +dhaoine do gach sgioba, le acfhuinn thaghta, +goireasach aig laimh. Bha 'ghniomh féin +fa chomhair gach neach 's 'n uair thigeadh an +t-am bhiodh na daoine teth gu tòiseachadh. +B'ann a'n sin a bhitheadh an strith. B' i 'n +obair shonraichte na craobhan a shlaodadh +bho'n àite 'san robh iad a laidhe gus a chruaich-theine +agus b'i 'n strith co an sgioba a +chriochnaicheadh a cuibhrionn féin an toiseach. +Bhitheadh am fear bu treasa, 's bu treuna +de'n sgioba air ceann na sgioba sin, 's cha +bhiodh fairtleachadh na h-oibre air, ge b'e cho +doirbh 's a dh'fhaodadh i bhith. Bhitheadh +cuid de na craobhan ro throm; cha b'urrainnear +ach a h-aon a chur 's an t-slabhruidh aig +aon am. Air uairean bhitheadh an rathad +cam, cuagach, air feadh nan stochd, doirbh ri<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[Pg 25]</a></span> +dheanamh le cuing throm de dhaimh mall-chasach +'s a bheairt. Dh' fheumta cùram agus +seòltachd a chleachdadh gus an làd a shlaodadh +am mach, agus mar a bhitheadh na daoine +a' leigeil an inntinn air an obair, 's a' +teasachadh rithe, chluinnteadh gleadhraich +nan teanga gu h-àrd a' brosnachadh nan damh, +'s a' misneachadh cach a cheile. An deidh na +dinnearach na'm biodh piobaire 's a chuideachd, +bheireadh e laimh air a' phioba, is +sheideadh e suas puirt beothail sùgrach, a +thogail spionnadh nam fear 's an cumail gu +dian ris an obair. Bhitheadh na h-uile innleachd +air a cleachdadh chum an raoin a +reiteachadh mu'n tuiteadh dorchadas na h-oidhche, +agus bu mhór moit na sgioba a choisneadh +a cheud àite. Bu tric duais-buadhaich a +bhuileachadh orra aig an t-suipeir, 's bhitheadh +an cliù mar dheagh luchd-oibre air a dhaingneachadh. +An deidh do'n talamh, a bhith, +mar so, air a reiteachadh rachadh uachdar na +talmhainn a sgriobadh le caibe, agus an +luaithre a sgaoileadh thairis air. Anns an +fhonn so rachadh an siol a chuir, agus as thigeadh +deagh thoradh 's an fhogharadh.</p> + +<p>Bha nis duais an saothrach air a mealtuinn +leò; chuir iad an siol ann an dòchas deagh +fhogharaidh, oir bu mhór an curam a bha'n +crochadh ri sin; chaidh seal goirid seachad,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">[Pg 26]</a></span> +thainig am bàrr a staigh gu sealbhach, agus +bhuain iad le mór shubhachas, 's cha b'ionghnadh +e. Gun dàil an deidh na buana bhitheadh +am bualadh ann, agus bu taitneach da rireadh +a bhith cur a cheud làd de'n ghràinne do'n +mhuileann. Mar bu tric cha bhitheadh rathad-móra +ann, ach, a mhàin, frith-rathad troimh'n +choille. Rachadh an damh soitheamh, earbsach, +uil'-fheumail, uidheamachadh agus bho bhuiseal +gu leth, gu dà bhuiseal choirce a cheangail +air cùl a ghualainn, 's le so dh' fhalbhadh +fear-an-taighe, no aon de na gillean do'n +mhuileann. 'Nam bitheadh an t-slighe fada, +bhitheadh an oidhche ann mu'n tigteadh dhachaidh +leis a' mhin, ach ge b'e cho anmoch, chumadh +an t-annas gach neach de'n teaghlach, +bho'n leanabh gus an t-seanamhair, air am +bonn, a dh' fhàilteachadh ceud toradh an +fhearainn. Ach corra uair cha bhitheadh +muileann ann d'am b'urrainn daibh a dhol, +agus cha robh ni b' fhearr aca na'm bràth anns +am bitheadh an gràinne air a bhruthadh le +pronnadair. Tha iomradh air aon bhràth +shonraichte a rinn athair an t-Siorraim Mhic +Ealair nach maireann, a rinn an gnothuch 's +an àite 's an robh e, fad iomadh bliadhna, +gus an deach muileann a thogail. Tha'm bràth +ainmeil so, a nis, ann an taigh-coimhid ann an +Toronto, far am bheil móran sluaigh o chaoch-la<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">[Pg 27]</a></span> +àitean de'n t-saoghal 'ga faicinn na h-uile +bliadhna.</p> + +<p>An uair a thigeadh an geamhradh cha +bhitheadh éis air an obair. Bhitheadh na +daoine, òg is sean, a' gearradh na coille; bhitheadh +tigheadas air laimh nam boirionnach, 's +cha bhitheadh eadhon na pàisdean diomhain. +Ann am fallus an gnuis bha iad uile ag itheadh +arain; ach a'n cois a' bhonnaich bhig bha 'm +beannachd. 'S an tràth fheasgair bhitheadh +sùrd air an teaghlach aig bun an teine thiorail. +Bhitheadh na boirionnaich a' càrdadh, a' +sniomh, a' fighe, 's a' càramh aodaich; na fir +a' grèusachd bhròg, a' toinneadh ascairt, a' +geurachadh shàbh, a' cur laimh ùr ann an +tuaigh, no nithean feumail de'n t-seòrsa sin. +Bhitheadh còmhradh ann a reir suidheachadh +an teaghlaich. Bhitheadh iomadh ni ùr aca ri +innse a dh'ionnsaich iad mu'n tìr gus an d' +thainig iad, ach bhitheadh a' chuid bu mhotha +de'n t-seanachas mu'n duthaich 's mu na +càirdean a dh' fhàg iad 'n an deidh. Corra +uair bhitheadh céilidh de na coimhearsnaich +ann le 'cuid òrain agus sgeulachdan gun ghò:</p> + +<div class="poem2"><div class="stanza"> +<span class="i5">"Air gach gaisgeach fearail greann'or</span> +<span class="i0">Bha 's a' ghleann 'n uair bha iad òg."</span> +</div></div> + +<p>Bhitheadh an cleasan fein aig a' chlann, +agus is iongantach mar a lean cuid diu anns<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">[Pg 28]</a></span> +na teaghlaichean ud gus an la'n-diugh. Bliadhna +no dhà roimhe so bha'm fear-sgriobhaidh +ann an àite de Ontario far am bheil +còmhlan Ghaidheal. Bha clann beaga a' +cluiche agus b'e 'n cleas a bh' aca, bioran maide +loisgte gu éibhille aig aon cheann, a chur mu'n +cuairt cho luath 's a b'urrainn daibh, 'n uair +bhitheadh iad ag radh na facail so, a dh' ionnsaich +iad o'n seanamhair, 's a fhoghlum ise +aig Ionarnais 'n uair bha i 'n a caileig a'n sin:</p> + +<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> +<span class="i5">"Dilean, dealan, déigh,</span> +<span class="i0">Tha na féidh air an loch;</span> +<span class="i0">Tha Mac-Shimidh as an déidh,</span> +<span class="i0">'S cha teid na féidh dhachaidh nochd."</span> +</div></div> + +<p><br /><br /></p> +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_29" id="Page_29">[Pg 29]</a></span></p> + +<h2><a name="IV." id="IV."></a>IV.</h2> + +<p><br /></p> +<p><span class="dropcap">C</span>HAIDH naoi bliadhna seachad bho'n am +'s an do shuidhich Seumas Ros aig Narunn, +Ontario. Bha na neoil a' bristeadh, +bha na h-achaidhean a' dol am farsuingeachd, +agus bha goireasan an taighe a' meudachadh. +Anns an àite so, air an ochdamh la deug de +mhios mheadhonach an Fhoghair, 's a' bhliadhna +ochd ceud deug da fhichead 's a h-aon, rugadh +Seoras Ros. Cha robh mór ailghios no mór +uireasbhuidh a' feitheamh air. Bha'n teaghlach +a' fàs ràthail, agus bha 'n sgoile faisg air +laimh, air sràid Ghlaschu, mar theirte ris an +rathad-mór a bha 'dol troimh'n sgìre, agus +b'e ainm a mhaighstir, Tearlàch <a name="MacCoinnich" id="MacCoinnich">MacCoinnich</a>. +Bha Seoras 'na dheagh sgoileir, dichiollach +agus curamach. Bha e làn de feala-dha agus +deidheil air cleasan neirt mar a bha camanachd, +a' ruith reisean, a' gearradh shùrdag, a' +gleachd agus a' cur na cloiche. Bha e luath-chasach, +aotrom, agus cho aighearach 's a b' +urrainn do ghiullan smearail slàinteil a bhith. +Aig na ceilidhean ann an taigh athar, no ann +an taighean nan coimhearsnach mar bha Mac-an-tòisich, +Mac-Lachluinn, agus Mac-Griogair, +bha e deas mar aithrisear bhàrdachd. B'iad +oibre Thomais Chaimbeil a b'fhearr leis,—"Nighean<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">[Pg 30]</a></span> +Thighearna Ulainn," "Bairnigeadh +Lochiall," agus "Catha Hohenlindein,"—le +orain de'n t-seorsa sin, b'iomadh uair a +thug e togail inntinn do na bhitheadh an lathair.</p> + +<p>Thog e dreuchd maighstir-sgoile agus +chaidh e, 'se fathast 'n a bhallachan òg, do'n +deicheamh <i>Concession</i> air taobh-an-ear do +shràid Ghlaschu, a theagasg. Bha so ann an +sgìre <i>Williams</i>. Bha tri rathadan móra anns +an sgìre air an ainmeachadh air na h-àitean +bho'n d'thainig an sluagh 's an t-seann duthaich,—Sràid +Ghlaschu, Sràid Phettit, agus +Sràid Earraghaidheil. Bha da theaghlach de +na Rosaich 's an àite,—na Rosaich Móra, 's na +Rosaich Beaga,—a reir am fiamh 's an coltais. +B'ann do na Rosaich Beaga a bhuineadh Sir +Seoras, ach mar robh a bhodhaig neo-chumanta +mór bha aige inntinn chumhachdach, +ghreimeil, iomadh-fhillte, lughor. Bha meamhair +chuimhneachail, ealamh aige, air chor 's +gu'n robh e furasda dha araon seanachas agus +aireamhachd a chumail 'na cheann. Cha b' +fhad an ùine gus an do choisinn e cliù mar +fhear-labhairt dealasach, gu sonraichte air +taobh na Stuamachd anns an do shaothraich +e fad a bheatha; cleachdadh a dh' ùigheamaich +e airson an dreuchd àrd a bha 'feitheamh air.</p> + +<p>Bho <i>Williams</i> chaidh e gu <i>Melrose</i>, dluth<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">[Pg 31]</a></span> +ri Lunnainn, Ont., a theagasg sgoile. Ann +an so thainig e fo bhuaidh cuid de na daoine +comasach air an do chuir e eòlas anns a' bhaile. +'Nam measg bha buidheann de luchd-lagha +òga a bha am bitheantas ag cnuasachadh cor +na duthcha, 's a' sgrudadh bheachdan càch-a-cheile +air ceisdean an latha. Thàladh so 'inntinn +gu bhi rannsachadh cuisean air a shon +fhein, is thoisich e air leughadh nam paipeirean-naigheachd +agus leabhraichean-eachdraidh +gu geur, mionaideach; cleachdadh a +lean ris ri bheò. Bha 'n am fàbharach airson +a leithid de dh'fhein-fhiosrachadh. Bha +Roinnean móra Chanada air dol a'n comh-bhann, +agus bha uachdranachd ùr air teachd a +staigh le nithean cudthromach r'a dheanamh +agus bunaitean na duthcha r'a shocrachadh. +Cha b' urrainn do dhuine òg am ni b' fhearr +a mhiannachadh, no cothrom ni bu fhreagarraiche +iarraidh airson seirbhis a dhuthcha. +'Sa <a name="bhliadhna" id="bhliadhna">bhliadhna</a> so—1867—an uair a bha e sè +bliadhn' ar fhichead, a dh' aois, chuir e ainm +fa chomhair coinneimh thaghaidh na Liberals +airson parlamaid, an aghaidh Tomas Scatcherd. +Cha deachaidh leis an tràth sin; bha +òige 'na aghaidh, agus a bharrachd air sin, +b' e Mr. Scatcherd am ball-parlamaid aig an +am, mar bha athair roimhe, 's bha 'n teaghlach +d'am buineadh e cliuiteach am measg<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[Pg 32]</a></span> +thuathanach Nissouri, an sgìre 's an robh a' +chuid mhór de'n luchd-taghaidh a' comhnuidh. +Ged nach do shoirbhich leis 's a' chuis so, +chaidh chomharrachadh am mach mar dhuine +gealltanach, a bhuadhaicheadh a'n deagh am. +Mu'n am so chaidh Mr. Ros do'n sgoil Normal +far an d' ullaich se e fein gu bhi 'na fhear-ceasnaichidh +sgoilean, agus air dha so a +dheanamh, dh' fheuch e ris an dreuchd so a +thoirt am mach ann an siorramachd Mhiddlesex. +Bha a chuid bu mhotha de Chomhairle na +siorramachd de na Tories agus chaill e an t-àite +mar a shaoil e fhein, an los na rinn e ann an +1867 air taobh na Liberals. Ghabh e an ni gu +cridhe. Air an t-slighe dhachaidh thuirt e ri +Iain Waters, dluth charaid dha, a bha aig an +am 'n a Reeve air Williams-an-ear:—</p> + +<p>"Tha mi a so suas cuidhte gnothaichean +riaghlaidh na tìre. 'S mithich dhomh cumail +ri m' dhreuchd, 's ri sin amhàin."</p> + +<p>Fhreagair Mr. Waters: "Na can thusa ni +sam bith mar sin, airson, ma dh' fhaoite, am bi +thu duilich an deidh so."</p> + +<p>Thachair gu'n robh Comhairle shiorramachd +Lambton a' suidhe aig an am cheudna. Bha +chuid bu mhotha dhiubhsan 'n an Liberals. +Chuala iad mar a thachair ann am Middlesex. +Air an ath mhaduinn chuir iad fios-dealan do'n +Rosach gu'n robh dreuchd cheasnaichidh<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[Pg 33]</a></span> +Lambton air a thairgse dha na'n gabhadh se e. +Dh' fheuch Mr. Ros an sanas so do Mhr. +Waters, a thilg gu h-ealamh air:—</p> + +<p>"Gu de mu dheidhinn <i>politics</i>, a nis, mo charaid? +Tha thu a' faicinn gu'm bheil da fhaobhar +air a' chlaidheamh!"</p> + +<p>Ghabh Mr. Ros ris an tairgse agus lean e +ris an dreuchd sin an deidh dha bhi na bhall-parliamaid +airson Middlesex-an-iar. Cuid +de'n ùine so bha e 'n a fhear-ceasnaichidh +sgoile ann am baile Straruaidh. An duais a +fhuair e airson na h-oibre so, thug e seachad, +ged nach bu duine saoibhir e, airson dhuaisean +do sgoilearan a' bhaile, a chum am misneachadh +'n am foghlum. Bha dèidh aige a bhi +sgriobhadh do na paipeirean-naigheachd agus +bha sgriobhaidhean bho pheann ri 'm faotainn +gu tric anns an <i>Advertiser</i> a'n Lunnainn, an +<i>Expositor</i> a'n Seaforth, agus an <i>Age</i> ann an +Straruaidh, a bha geur agus comasach. Aig +a' cheart am thainig, an drasd 's a rìsd, bhuaithe, +duan agus oran a bha teisteil agus an +eatorras math. Bha iad air taobh na stuamachd +agus saorsa na duthcha bho dhroch riaghladh. +'Na òige rinn e dàn air "An ni tha dhìth +air Canada" anns an d'thug e fainear na +caochladh seòrsa dhaoine a thogadh suas cinneach +chliùiteach anns an duthaich so,—daoine +onarach, tapaidh, saor-thoileach, subhailceach,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_34" id="Page_34">[Pg 34]</a></span> +treuna, measarra, uasal, duthchasach, +agus thug e an dàn gu crich leis na briathran +shunndach so:—</p> + +<p>"Sin na daoine, a Chanada, a dh'eireadh +suas o d' fhonn mhaoth! Sin na daoine gu bhi +'g iomchair slat-rioghail do neart, gu bhi +<a name="riaghladh" id="riaghladh">riaghladh</a> thairis air do shleibhtean móra, gu bhi +sgriobhadh ann an eachdraidh, gloir t' ainme."</p> + +<p>Fad a bheatha cha do dhichuimhnich e na +smuaintean àrda so; bha e air a lionadh o +òige suas le eud airson Chanada, tìr a bhreith +is àrach. Ach cha deachaidh na bliadhnachan +so seachad ann an diomhanas a thaobh foghluim +'na dhreuchd, agus a thaobh oileanachd +eile. Bha e sior strith air adhart, a' dioghlum +ann an iomadh achadh thorach, a' carnadh +suas stòrais 'na inntinn a bhiodh luachmhor +agus feumail dha 's na làithean ri teachd.</p> + +<p>'S mithich, nis, facal no dha a radh mu +theaghlach Mhr. Rois. An uair bha e teagasg +sgoil' aig Lobo, 's e bliadhna ar fhichead a dh' +aois, b' i aon de chuid sgoilearan Cairistìona +Chaimbeul, nighean Dhunnchaidh Chaimbeil, +Lobo, fear a mhuinntir Earraghaidheil. <a name="Dh" id="Dh">Dh'fhàs</a> +an càirdeas a thòisich a'n sin gu làn +abuchadh agus phòs iad 's a' bhliadhna 1862. +Bha iad posda deich bliadhna, 'n uair chaochail +ise, agus b' e la a h-adhlacaidh an la air +an deachaidh esan a thaghadh, an toiseach,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_35" id="Page_35">[Pg 35]</a></span> +do'n Pharlamaid. Bha coignear theaghlach +aca, dithis mhac agus triùir nighean. Chaochail +an gille bu shine, Seumas Cowper Ros, +'n a naoidhean agus dh'fhàs càch gu ìre duineadais. +Phòs Mr. Ros an dara uair, 's a bhliadhna +1875, Ceit Boston, nighean Robeirt Boston, +ann an siorramachd Mhiddlesex. Chaochail +ise 's a bhliadhna 1902 ann an Toronto. +Bha acasan aonar mhac agus triùir nighean. +Coig bliadhna an deidh bàs an darna bean +phòs e Mildred Peel, nighean Iain Robeirt +Peel, a' n Lunnainn, Ont., a tha fathast beò. +Bha na mnai sin ro eireachdail, banail, +suairce. Bha iad 'n an taic mór dhà-san tre +bheatha shàrachail, euslanaich. Tha'n dithis +mhac 'n an daoine tapaidh, ràthail. Tha 'm +fear as sinne, Dunncha Caimbeul Ros, 'na fhear-lagha +ann an Straruaidh, 's na bhall-parlamaid +aig Ottawa, far am feil e 'foillseachadh +a chomais-labairt 's a sheòltachd gu soilleire. +Tha 'n darna mac, Seòras Uilleam Ros, 'na +lighiche ann an Toronto. Choisinn e, mar tha, +àrd-ainm 'na dhreuchd. Tha iad, le cheile, +'nan daoine duthchasach, coibhneil, anns am +bheil gné a' Ghaidheil a' cinntinn gu nadarra, +reidh. Tha na nigheanan pòsda gu cothromach, +comhfhurtail, 's a' togail theaghlach +chliùiteach, ghasda, 'tha na'n samhladh chiatach +air òigridh Ghaidhlich Chanada.</p> + +<p><br /><br /></p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_36" id="Page_36">[Pg 36]</a></span></p> + +<h2><a name="V." id="V."></a>V.</h2> +<p><br /></p> + +<p><span class="dropcap">M</span>AR a chunnaic sinn cheana, bha inntinn +an Rosaich a' tionndadh do'n Pharlamaid +agus thainig an cothrom thuige gun mór dhàil. +Chaidh ainmeachadh airson Middlesex-an-iar, +an aghaidh A. P. MacDhomhnuill, an seann +bhall-parliamaid, duine beartach aig an robh +greim air an t-sluagh, 's a bhiodh doirbh a +chlaoidh 's an t-strìth. Ged bha 'm blàr +cruaidh, ged bha'n Rosach òg agus gun airgead, +ged bha 'n Domhnullach cleachdta 's a +chath, le maoin is pailteas air a thaobh; an +uair a chaidh an t-aonta mu dheireadh a +chunntadh bha 'n duine og, lamh-fhalamh air +uachdar, agus an duine eile fodha—chaidh'n +Rosach a thaghadh airson na Parlamaid.</p> + +<p>Chaidh e gu Ottawa far an robh 'n Ard-Chomhairle +a' suidhe, 's a bhliadhna 1872, +agus bho'n am sin gu la a bhàis, shaothraich e +airson a dhuthcha araon ann an uachdranachd +Chanada agus Ontario. Fa chomhair an Rosaich +'s an t-seòmar bha Sir Iain Domhnullach, +Priomh-Mhinisteir Chanada, agus ri thaobh +bha aireamh dhaoine ainmeil, comasach, mar +bha Hincks, Tupper, Howe, agus Galt. Mu'n +coinneamh bha comhlan de dhaoine fhior chomasach,—Alasdair +MacCoinnich, Blake, Cartwright,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_37" id="Page_37">[Pg 37]</a></span> +agus an lethid sin,—daoine dealasach, +geur, a bha ullamh agus toileach gu cònsachadh +an aghaidh 'n luchd-riaghlaidh air na +ceisdean móra a bha ag eadar-dhealachadh an +da thaobh de'n Chomhairle. Bha Mr. Ros am +measg dhaoine comasach agus rinn e na b' +urrainn e gu bhi foghlum gnàthan na Parlamaid +agus brìgh na h-oibre bhuapasan. Cha +robh e doirbh dha ionnsachadh, agus ann an +uine ghoirid dh'fhàs e eòlach air dleasannas +fear-ionaid.</p> + +<p>Rè a cheud bhliadhna 's a Pharlamaid dh' +erich droch upraid mu 'n airgead a ghabh Sir +Iain Domhnullach bho Huistean Allan, ceannas +an rathaid-iarruinn sin,—an "Canadian +Pacific." Ged a dhearbh an luchd-riaghlaidh +gu'n robh an t-airgead air a ghnathachadh ann +an cùisean an taghaidh, 's nach robh buanachd +aig Sir Iain e fein dheth idir, gidheadh, +b'e beachd na Parlamaid nach robh e ceart +no iomchaidh do dh'fhear-riaghlaidh airgead +a ghabhail o neach, mar a bha Mr. Allan aig +an robh gnothaichean ri dheanamh ri luchd-riaghlaidh +na duthcha, agus thug Sir Iain suas +a dhreuchd. Chuireadh Alasdair MacCoinnich +'na àite; agus thug esan a' Pharlamaid gu crich +air a' bhliadna sin fein. Sheas Mr. Ros a +rithis airson Middlesex-an-iar agus chaidh a +thaghadh gun neach air bith seasamh 'na<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_38" id="Page_38">[Pg 38]</a></span> +aghaidh. Fhuair luchd-cuideachaidh Mhic-Coinnich +buaidh mhór 's an taghadh 's bha e +air a dhaingneachadh mar Phriomhfhear +Chanada. Fhuair, a nis, Mr. Ros an cothrom +a bha dhìth air, agus cha do sheachainn. Bha +a chomas breithneachaidh agus labhairt a' +meudachadh, agus bha e fàs feumail 's an +t-seómar-riaghlaidh, agus, mar an ceudna mar +chomhairliche earbsach do'n luchd-riaghlaidh. +Bha e deas-bhriathrach ann an cùisean malairt, +na stuamachd, agus aiteachaidh an fhearainn, +agus bha gach bliadhna ag cur ri neart, 's ri +chliu. Chaidh coig bliadhna seachad air an +doigh so, agus bha Mr. Ros gu socrach agus gu +cinnteach ag eirigh ann an spéis a cho-chomhairleach. +Anns an taghadh a rinneadh 's +a bhliadhna 1878 thuit MacCoinnich agus +thainig Sir Iain Domhnullach a staigh a +rithis. Bha cogadh cruaidh aig Mr. Ros ri +chur ann am Middlesex, oir bha sluagh Chanada +air fad air an dusgadh gu mór 's bha na +seann làraichean, na seann chriochan eadar na +Tories agus na Liberals air an atharrachadh. +B' e'n cuspair mór a bha eadar an da chuideachd +sin, aig an am: Co dhiubh a bu chòir cìs +àrd a chur air toradh dhuthchanna céin, bha +tighinn a staigh do Chanada, araon chum +airgid-riaghlaidh a thogail, agus dion a chur +air maoin Chanada. Bha amanna cruaidh ann;<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_39" id="Page_39">[Pg 39]</a></span> +bha bochdainn air feadh na tìre, agus bha +moran de na buill-parlamaid a sheas air taobh +Mhic-Coinnich airson saorsa malairt, nach +robh air an taghadh leis an t-sluagh. Ach +chaidh le Mr. Ros oir bha meas mór air 's an +t-siorramachd, agus fhuair e troimh'n deuchainn +gu sàbhailte. Anns a' Pharlamaid a lean +an taghadh so, bha e ro-dhichiollach agus bha +e air àireamh am measg nan daoine comasach, +gibhteach a bha 's a' chomhairle.</p> + +<p>Rè an ama so uile bha e 'saothrachadh mar +fhear-ceasnaichidh sgoilean, 's mar fhear-deasaichidh +phaipeir-naigheachd. Bha e mar an +ceudna daonnan ag cuideachadh aobhair na +stuamachd, agus ag cur air an adhairt gnothaichean +eile. Cha robh e riamh 'na thamh no 'na +thosd, agus b' ionnan sgriobhadh no labhairt +dha. Mu'n am so bha àite Ministeir Foghluim +Ontario, falamh, 's bha cor nan sgoil air feadh +a' Mhor-roinn car diblidh. Bha feum air duine +foghainteach, glic, eolach, air an ceann, agus +roghnaich Mr. Mowat, a bha 'na Phriomh-fhear +thar Ontario, Mr. Ros airson an dreuchd. Cha +b' urrainnear neach ni bu fhreagarraiche +fhaotainn. Cha 'n e mhàin gu robh mion-eolas +aige air dreuchd a' mhaighstir-sgoile, 's air +uireasbhuidhean nan sgoil, ach bha a chridh 's +an obair. Thilg se e fein le uile neart air an +raon ùr so, agus is ann mar Mhinistear Foghluim<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_40" id="Page_40">[Pg 40]</a></span> +Ontario a choimhlion e gealltanais òige. +Air dha Parlamaid Chanada fhagail airson +Parlamaid Ontario b'fheudar dha a bhi air a +thaghadh airson Ard Chomhairle' na Mór-roinne. +Cha do dhiobair daoine Mhiddlesex-an-iar +e riamh agus thagh iad e a rithis mar bu nòs. +Chuir e laghan nuadh air chois, a leasaich gu +mór staid nan sgoil agus tharruing e ri cheile +air aon doigh riaghailteach na caochladh +seorsa sgoilean bho thaigh beag na sgìre gu oil-thaigh +a' bhaile-mhóir, gach ceum a' leantainn +a cheile gu h-ordail, ceart a réir cleachdaidh +chumanta na h-Alba. Shoirbhich leis gu h-anabarrach +agus bha sgoilean agus oil-thaighean +Ontario, ann an uine ghoirid, 'nan eiseimplearean +do dhuthchanna eile.</p> + +<p>Ach bha aon àrd-dhreuchd eile a'feitheamh +air, agus b'e sin priomh-mhinisteirleachd Ontario; +agus an deidh dha sin a thoirt thairis +chaidh e gu Ottawa, a rithis, gu bhi 'na cheannard +'s 'na fhear-treorachaidh 's an ard sheanadh. +'S an dreuchd so shaothraich e gu la a +bhàis a thainig air 's a bhliadhna 1913—làn de +làithean 's de dh'urram.</p> + +<p>Ciod e an seòrsa duine a bha a' n so, a +dh'eirich cho àrd ann am beachd a ghinealaich +féin, 's ann an inbhe?</p> + +<p>Tha e ro dhoirbh beachd fior-cheart a +dhealbh air a' chuid mhór d'ar co-chreutairean;<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_41" id="Page_41">[Pg 41]</a></span> +gu sonraichte air daoine tha àrd os ar cionn. +An uair a fhuair Gladstone bàs bha móran de'n +bheachd gu'm bu dhroch duine e, a chuir a +bhuadhan cumhachdach gu fior dhroch bhuil; +air an laimh eile, bha móran a creidsinn nach +robh a leithid eile ann chum leas agus maith an +t-sluaigh a sheasamh, agus gu robh e 'n a fhior +bheannachd o'n Chruithfhear do Bhreatunn's +do'n t-saoghal. Tha an ni ceudna air a radh +mu Lloyd George. Bha eadar-dhealachadh +beachd aig na Gaidheil 's aig na Goill mu luach +agus cliu oibre-bheatha Phrincipal Rainy—cuid +a' creidsinn gu robh e 'deanamh oibre +Shatain, agus cuid eile gu robh e 'na sheirbhiseach +dileas, foghainteach do'n Ard Mhaighstir. +Tha fios aig Gaidheil Chanada mar a +thilgeadh salchair nan sraid air Sir Iain +Domhnullach, agus mar a reubadh cliu Alasdair +Mhic-Coinnich; agus, a nis, mar tha bliadhnachan +dol seachad tha deagh chliu an ainmean +le cheile a'dol a'm meud. Thig an neach a +smuainicheas air nithean mar so do'n cho-dhùnadh +gu bheil breith dhaoine air an co-chreutairean +'n a ni amharrasach air a chuid +is fearr, agus gur còir do neach a bhi toigheach +mu'n bharail tha e cnuasachadh mu neach eile.</p> + +<p>Tha so air m' inntinn fein gu mór an drasd, +oir tha mi, mar gu'm b'eadh a' toirt breith air +cuspair an sgriobhaidh so. Ach tha so agam<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_42" id="Page_42">[Pg 42]</a></span> +ri radh. Bha cothrom neo-chumanta agam air +Sir Seoras Ros aithneachadh. Bha mi gle +eolach air fad ochd-bliadhna fichead, a'n cois +gnothaichean na duthcha, agus mar cho-Ghaidheal. +Bha cothrom saor-labhairt agam +ris; b'aithne dhomh gu math cion-fàth cuid de +ghniomharan, agus, mar an ceudna, b'aithne +dhomh gu math daoine flathail, fiughanta, a +bha dlùth ri inntinn, aig an robh fior eolas +air, agus a bha comasach air a chothromachadh +ann am meidh chinntich an fhein-fhiosrachaidh. +B'e cuid diu sin an t-Urramach Alasdair +MacCoinnich, Tearlàch MacCoinnich, a +bhrathair, An Siorram MacEalair, Lachlann +MacCorcadail, Uilleam C. Caldwell, an t-Urramach +Dr. Caven, an t-Urramach Ard-Easbuig +Walsh, an t-Urramach Dr. Milligan, is iomadh +neach eile a bha inbheach no iriosal 'n an +dreuchd fein. Bu tric a labhair mi riutha sin, +'s ri muinntir eile mu chliu 's mu bheatha Shir +Seorais, agus bha gach ni a tha mi ag cur +sios ann an so air a dhaingneachadh leo. +"Tha lagh nam modhannan air a chur sios gu +h-aithghearr anns na deich àitheantan," agus +is ann a reir an lagha sin a tha breith cheart gu +bhith air a toirt air caithe-beatha ar co-chreutairean. +Ma shìnear slat-thomhais an lagha +sin thairis air beatha Shir Seorais Rois tha +mi làn chreidsinn nach bi a chliu aon òirleach<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_43" id="Page_43">[Pg 43]</a></span> +ni 's giorra na cliu an neach a b' urramaiche a +shuidh riamh ann an caithir priomhfhear Ontario, +ged is mór an radh sin.</p> + +<p>Bha'n Rosach 'n a dhuine moralta, 'n a +dhuine glan 'n a ghnè, uasal 'n a ghiùlan, neo-shanntach +'n a inntinn, coibhneil do 'n +bhochd, foidhidneach fo thrioblaid, fad-fhulangach +fo bhuaireadh, comasach 'n a +bhuadhan, fileanta briathrachail 'n a chainnt, +drùidhteach 'n a òraidean, araon soilleir agus +farsuing 'n a bheachdan, gleusd ann an deas-boireachd, +dileas d'a choguis, firinneach d'a +dhuthaich, agus durachdach, dileas, 'n a dleasanas.</p> + +<p>Tha mi creidsinn gu robh Mr. Ros ag iarraidh +le uile chridhe an ni a bha ceart a +dheanamh a thaobh a dhuthcha mar bhall +parlamaid, mar mhinisteir, 's mar Phriomh +riaghladair. Tha mi creidsinn gu robh e feuchainn +mar a b' fhearr a dh' fhaodadh e a làn +dhleasanais a choimhlionadh gu h-onarach +d'a cho-chreutair, bho'n neach a b' airde gus +an neach a b' ìsle, mar neach a bha cunntasach +do shluagh na tìre airson gach gniomh d'a +dheanadais choitchinn. Ni 's fhaide cha ruig +mi leas a dhol 's a' chuis so an drasda, ach na'n +robh an t-am iomchuidh, tha mi creidsinn gu'm +faotainn a radh le firinn gu robh a dhochas +steidhichte ann an àrd-uachdranachd an<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_44" id="Page_44">[Pg 44]</a></span> +Fhreasdail sin a tha lùbadh gach gniomh 's +gach oidheirp dhaonnail chum a chriochan +maith fein. Gidheadh, tha 'us bithidh caochladh +bheachdan am measg an t-sluaigh air an +Rosach, mar dhuine 's mar mhinisteir stàid. 'S +dual dha sin tachairt; tha gach neach againn +fein buailteach do'n ghnàths cheudna. N' am +b' urrainn duinn fior smuaintean ar cairdean +'s ar coimhearsnach oirnn fhein, air uairibh, +fhaotainn am mach, chuireadh iad mór iongantais +oirnn, oir is tana an eigh tha fo m' chasan-sa, +agus fo d' chasan-sa, a charaid, co air bith +thu.</p> + +<p>Bho thoiseach gu deireadh a chùrsa bha +Mr. Ros trang ag obair. Cha deachaidh stad +air a shaothair. B'e sin cion-fàth a shoirbheachaidh. +Thoisich e mar bhallachan bochd; +cha robh airgead no òr air a chùlthaobh +g' a chuideachadh air adhart. Tha'n cothrom +cheudna a bh' aigesan aig gach òganach a +tha 's an tìr an diugh. 'S i obair chruaidh +agus inntinn ghlan a bheir neach gu mullach +na beinne. Ma 's e marsantachd, dreuchd +an lighiche no 'n fhir-lagha, na ministeirleachd, +no oibre-laimh a th'ann, feumaidh +neach a bhith 'n a fhior mhaighstir air a +ghniomh, agus feumaidh e a bhuadhan a +gheurachadh leis an fhoghlum sin a tha feumail +airson a dhreuchd. Tha a' mhór chuid<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_45" id="Page_45">[Pg 45]</a></span> +dhinn comasach air so a dheanamh ma tha +slàinte cuirp agus beachd suidhichte againn ar +làn dhichioll a dheanamh.</p> + +<p>Tha'n sean-fhacal ag radh: "Ni lamh na +leisge bochd; ach ni lamh nan dichiollach +beartach." Cha d'rinn lamh dhichiollach Shir +Seorais beartas dha. Bha e 'n a dhuine +bochd o thòs gu éis a bheatha, mar bu tric fo +fhiachan trom, ach a ghnath g' am paigheadh +mar bha 'n comas aige, 's aig a' cheann mu +dheireadh mar robh moran ri fhàgail 'na +dheidh cha robh dad ri dhioladh. Ach thug e +neart a bheatha agus toradh a chinn 's a +chridhe do'n stàid, chum, mar bha dùil chinnteach +aige, maith an t-sluaigh.</p> + +<p>Cha robh doimhneachd bhuadhan aige mar +bha aig cuid de cho-aoisean ann an Canada; +agus cha d'fhuair e cothrom 'n a òige air inntinn +a liobhrachadh air cloich-bhleith a chruaidh +oileanachaidh, a dh'àraicheadh araon +fìnealachd chainnt agus eagnuidheachd smuain. +Bha'n uireasbhuidh so r' a faicinn 'n a +mhodh-labhairt, 'n a mhodh-sgriobhaidh, agus +'n a mhodh saothrachaidh. Ach, "Is airde +tuathanach air a chasan na duin'-uasal air a +ghluinean."</p> + +<p>Ann an aon de dh'òraidean an Rosaich air +beulaibh Comuinn Naoimh Aindreis, Thoronto +(1909) thubhairt e gu robh sluagh Chanada<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_46" id="Page_46">[Pg 46]</a></span> +comharraichte math gu bhith tionail 's a' +togail gliocais agus ceill o gach cearnaidh de'n +t-saoghal, 's g'an ùisneachachadh airson am +buanachd féin. Tha iad a' tionail fiosrachaidh +agus nuadh smuaintean mu chuisean +malairt is airgid as gach àite 's am faighear +iad. Tha iad a' toirt bho ghnàths-riaghlaidh +dhuthchanna eile na tha iad am beachd a +fhreagarras, 's a leasaicheas an gnàths-riaghlaidh +fein.</p> + +<p>Bha am beachd so gun teagamh ceart, agus +tha mi'n duil gu bheil e ceart mu'n Rosach e +fein. Bha alt fir-tionail aige ann an ìre mhór; +ghabhadh e stigh eolas mar a shlugadh suil-chruthach +clach. Agus rinn e 'na bha 'n a +chomas chum a bhuadhan a neartachadh le +cleachdadh daonnan a thoirt dhaibh a' tional +eolais anns gach raon a bha fosgailte dha. +Cha robh moran 'san tìr so a <a name="obraich" id="obraich">dh'obraich</a> cho +cruaidh 's cho bitheanta ris air thòir eolais gu +bhi leudachadh 's a meudachadh a thuigse, +agus ann an roinn mhor shoirbhich leìs. Dh' +àrdaich e tuigse, agus "chur i suas e; thug i +gu urram e; thug i d'a cheann coron maise, +crùn gloire thug i seachad dha." Cha'n fheil +mi ag radh gu'n deachaidh gliocas ceum air +cheum, lamh a'n laimh ri a thuigse, ach gun +teagamh b' i 'n tuigse air nithean a dhreuchd +'s a dhuthcha, a bhuinig e le mór dhichioll, a<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_47" id="Page_47">[Pg 47]</a></span> +thug comas dha eiridh gus an inbhe air an d' +rainig e.</p> + +<p>Mar bhall-parlamaid ann an Ottawa bha +e dian, dlùth, mar thuirt mi cheana, ann an +ceum a dhleasanais. Bha e bitheanta 'na +àite, a' toirt speis agus suim do'n obair bha'n +laimh; a'rannsachadh chùisean na duthcha, 's +g'a ullachadh fein airson oibre làitheil an +Taighe. Air an doigh so, le sior-shaothair, +daonnan ag obair, fhuair e lethid a mhaighstireachd +air gnothaichean na parlamaid, 's +gu robh e comasach, gun rabhadh fhaotainn +roimh laimh, labhairt aig am 's am bith, air +cuspair 's am bith a dh'fhaodadh tighinn air +lom, agus làn-cheartais a thoirt do'n chùis. +Cha robh ach aon duine eile 's an Taigh, aig +an am sin, a b' urrainn an ni ceudna a +dheanamh—Mr. Anglin, nach mairean, athair +a' bhreitheimh ann an Ottawa. Cha'n i slighe +shoirbh a tha treòrachadh gu soirbheas; ach +"theid an t-anmhunn dichiollach thar an laidir +leisg," agus a rithis, "Is treun fear an eòlais."</p> + +<p>An deidh do'n Rosach bhith aon-bliadhn' +deug ann am Parlamaid Chanada, roghnaich +Mr. Mowat e gu bhith 'na Mhinisteir Fhoghluim +airson Ontario. Dh' fhan e 's an dreuchd +sin fad sè-bliadhna deug—gus a' bhliadhna +1899 'n uair a ghairmeadh e gu bhith 'n a +Phriomh uachdaran air a mhor-roinn so. Mar<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_48" id="Page_48">[Pg 48]</a></span> +Mhinisteir Fhoghluim bha e tri bliadhna deug +fo ughdarras Mhr. Mowat, duine a choisinn +spéis agus earbsa an t-sluaigh, mar dhuine còir, +ceart, curamach. Ri linn-san rinn an Rosach a' +chuid bu mhotha 's bu doirbhe de obair mar +Mhinisteir Fhoghluim. 'S e beachd a' chuid +mhór an diugh gu'n do chuir e comharradh +ionmholta a mhaireas iomadh la air sgoilean +agus oil-thaighean na tìre. Tha mi creidsinn +g'um b' e an ni bu mhotha a rinn e fad a +dhreuchd na h-oilthaighean a tharruing ri +cheile ann an Toronto a' ceadachadh do dh'aon +oil-thaigh laidir fàs suas a'n àite àireamh de +dh' fheadhainn lag a bhith strìth airson am +beatha. Nochd e mór thapachd air uairibh an +cois a dhleasanais do na sgoilean. Tha Foghlum +na duthcha so làn de dhoirbheachd; cha'n +e gnothuch furasda a th'ann do neach air bith. +S' dual d'a comhstrith àrach,—Tha maighstirean +sgoile, ministeirean, àrd-ollaimh, oileanaich, +'s an sluagh air fad, ioma-bheachdach, +agus is dual do gach neach a bhith sparradh a +bheachd fein air a' mhinisteir. Tha e nadurra +gu'm biodh tuasaid, aimhreit, agus droch-fharachdainn +ag eirigh 's a bualadh a' mhinisteir +mar a ghaoith chreanndaidh earraich. B'e +sin a' chùis; agus tha e chum creideas an +Rosaich gu' n d'fhuair e troimh shè bliadhna +deug de'n stoirm le aodach slàn air crann an<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_49" id="Page_49">[Pg 49]</a></span> +eathair. Dh' fhaodadh neach innseadh a'n so, +'n am b'fheudar, mu chuid de na nithean +dalma, curanta a rinn e, mu nithean a thug e +gu buil mhaith an aghaidh luchd-strìth, agus +mu nithean a chum e air an ais, 's a bhac e gu +tur, an aghaidh neirt luchd-tagraidh 's luchd-bagraidh +chumhachdach a bhiodh ag iarraidh +nithean nach bu chòir daibh. Ach cha ruigear +a leas sin a dheanamh. Sheasadh e roimh +Mowat 's a cho luchd-riaghlaidh gun lùbadh +glùn, 's cho daingean ri carraig, air taobh na +còrach, mar a chunnaic esan i. Tha so agam +bho dhithis de cho-luchd-riaghlaidh a thug an +teisteas dhomh gu robh e ghnàth ag iarraidh +an ni a bha ceart a dheanamh. Chaidh innseadh +dhomh leis an rùnair a bha comhladh ris +rè na sè-bliadhna deug sin, nach d' fhalaich e +riamh bho shùil neach eile aon litir a fhuair e +mar mhinisteir, air gnothaichean nan sgoil. +Bha iad fosgailte do neach air bith aig an robh +gnothuch r'an leughadh; air an doigh cheudna, +cha robh ni 's am bith de obair a dh' iarr e a +chleith bho chleireach no oifigeach a bha g'a +chuideachadh. Cha b'urrainnear dearbhadh +ni b' fhearr na so fhaotainn nach robh aobhar +eagail aige gnothuichean coitchionn a dhreuchd +fheuchainn do'n t-saoghal.</p> + +<p>An los a shaothair fhuair e urram na +doctaireachd o oil-thaighean Naomh Aindreis,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_50" id="Page_50">[Pg 50]</a></span> +a'n Alba, na Ban-righinn, agus Toronto, ann +an Canada.</p> + +<p>Ri linn mar Phriomh-fhear bha suidheachadh +na mor-roinne so car trioblaideach. Bha +na Liberals gle fhada air ceann na duthcha, 's +bha na neoil a'cur sgaile throm air an iarmailt. +An uair a ghabh an Rosach an stiùir, cha 'n e +mhàin gu robh stoirm chunnartach a' cruinneachadh +air gach taobh, ach bha'n soitheach +fein sean, tulgach, eu-dionach. Cha robh riaghladh +Mhowat aghartach gu bhi fosgladh suas na +duthcha, no gu bhi cur air chois oibre mhóra. +Bha Mowat ro chrionta mu bhi cur am mach +airgead air leasachadh na tìre. Bha e 'n a +shàr fhear-lagha, cùramach, faicilleach, ach +cha robh sgonn ghnothuich air. Mar sin, bha +moran nithean air am fàgail gun deanamh, 's +bha'n duthaich a' fulang o' n ghoirt. Bha Mr. +Hardy, a lean Mowat, briste 'n a shlàinte, ach +beag fad a riaghlaidh, gun chomas moran a +dheanamh. Bha'n duthaich ag eigheach am +mach airson oibre, airson leasachadh crannchur, +agus chuir an Rosach aodann an t-soithich, +breòite mar bha i, ri aghaidh gaoithe. Air +a' chùrsa b' iomadh tonn a bhuail oirre, b' +iomadh oidhche, dhubh, neulach, dhorcha a +sheas an ceannard air clàr, b'iomadh uair bha'n +combaist fa chomhair agus luaidhe ghrunn-aichidh +teagamhach 'n a laimh; an drasda 's a<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_51" id="Page_51">[Pg 51]</a></span> +rithis b' fheudar bhi teann ri ceann am fhuairidh, +ach sheas e àite, ghleidh e 'n stiùir, is +shàbhail e 'n luchd bh'air bòrd. Bha cuid de'n +luchd so ro-luachmhor, mar a bha fosgladh +suas Ontario-mu-thuath, agus an fhurtachd a +thug e do dh'oibribh mora Chlergue aig Sault +Ste. Marie, a shàbhail iad o bhristeadh; agus +am misneachadh a thug e do na cuideachdan a +tha toirt cumhachd-dhealan a uisgean Niagara. +Cho luath 's a ghabh e 'n laimh riaghladh Ontario +chuir e am mach deich sgioba do'n taobh +tuath a rannsachadh na duthcha o chrioch +Chuibec gu Nepigon 's an iar. Fhuair iad sin +a mach naduir agus gnè na duthcha moire sin—gu'n +robh moran fiodh luachmhor ann agus +talamh beartach, torach a thogadh gach +seorsa gràn agus fhreumh airson bidh dhuine +agus ainmhidh. Air dha so a bhith air a dheanamh +soilleir dha, leag e rathad-iarruinn +troimh 'n duthaich chum fhosgladh. A'n +cùrsa na h-oibre fhuaireadh airgead agus cobalt +a'm pailteas mhór, agus leis a so chaidh +moran sluaigh gu tuath. A nis, tha òr is airgead +agus meinn eile a' toirt a staigh suim a +tha dol gus na muileinean gach bliadhna; agus +tha'n comhnard mór creadha a' gabhail a +steach ceudan de theaghlaichean a tha faotainn +dachaidhean a'n sin mar a fhuair na +priomh luchd-aiteachaidh roimhe so ann an<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_52" id="Page_52">[Pg 52]</a></span> +Ontario mu dheas. Buinidh cliu an euchd +mhoir so do Sheoras Ros, ach cha 'n 'eil aon +àite do'n duthaich ùr so ris am bheil ainm co-cheangailte +mar chuimhneachan. Tha ainmean +Latchford, Engelhardt, Matheson agus +Cochrane gu h-àrd urramach 's an taobh tuath, +ach cha'n 'eil baile beag no mór, beann, sliabh, +no sruth, air ainmeachadh air an duine a rùnaich, +a thòisich, 's a thug gu buil, an obair o'n +do shruth so uile.</p> + +<p>Ach am measg nan gnothaichean neo-dheanta +a bha glaodhaich airson fuasglaidh, cha +robh aon aig an am so cho buaireanta ri gnothaich +na stuamachd, 's tha mi'n dùil nach +fheil aon chupan a dh'òl an Rosach rè a mhinisteirleachd +a bha cho seirbh rithe so. Bha e +air taobh na stuamachd fad a bheatha. Bha +moran chairdean aige air an taobh cheudna, +agus bha dochas aca gu'n seasadh e gu dileas +leo. Air an aobhair sin feumar leudachadh +car mionaid air a so.</p> + +<p>Ri linn Mhowat, gheall an duine sin do na +Stuaimich gu'n deanadh e lagh an aghaidh a +bhith deanamh deoch laidir ann an Ontario, +no gu bhith g'a reic no g'a cheannach,—a'n +goirid,—nach biodh malairt na dibhe air a +cheadachadh 's a Mhor-roinn; 'n am biodh e +air a dheanamh soilleir le àrd-chuirt Lunnainn +gu robh cumhachd aig Parlamaid Ontario<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_53" id="Page_53">[Pg 53]</a></span> +lagh-bachdaidh de'n t-seorsa sin a dheanamh. +Rinn ard-chuirt Lunnainn soilleir gu robh an +cumhachd so aig Parlamaidean Mor-roinnean +Chanada, ann an cuis Mhanitoba, agus bha +duil aig Stuaimich Ontario an lagh-bachdaidh +fhaotainn. Ach mu'n d' thainig breith Lunnainn +a mach, chaidh Mowat gu Ottawa, agus +lìon Hardy àite ann an Toronto. Dh'ath-ùraich +Hardy gealladh Mhowat, ach cha d'fhuair +e cothrom a choimhlionadh. Lean Ros +Hardy agus bha na Stuaimich a' cumail a +mach gu robh esan cuideachd ceangailte le +gealladh Mhowat agus Hardy. C'arson, ma ta, +nach do choimhlion e an gealladh? 'Nam b' +urrainnear a cheisd so fhuasgladh bheirte air +falbh an smal a's duirche th'air cliù Shir Seorais +an diùgh. Tha mi 's an t-suidheachadh so,—gur +urrainn domh mineachadh Shir Seorais +fein a thoirt seachad. Chuir mi a cheisd ris +la ann an Ottawa beagan is bliadhna roimhe +so. 'S ann mar so a fhreagair e mi:—"Bha +mise gu tur neo-chomasach air gealladh +Mhowat agus Hardy a thoirt gu crich aig an +am. Cha robh ni a bha ni b' fhaisge do m' +chridhe, ach bha e do-dheanta. 'S a' cheud +àite cha robh an gealladh air a thoirt leamsa +ach le Mowat, agus an deigh sin le Hardy. Tha +fhios agam gu'n do cheangail an gealladh sin +co-riaghlairean Mhowat agus na Liberals,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_54" id="Page_54">[Pg 54]</a></span> +ach cha do cheangail e mise mar aon dhuine +idir, do bhrigh nach b'e mise gu pearsanta a +thug an gealladh. Nis, bha is tha mi de'n +bheachd gu'm bu chòir do na Liberals an +gealladh a choimhlionadh, 's tha mi creidsinn +gu'n dean iad sin fhathasd ma gheibh iad an +cothrom,<a name="FNanchor_1_1" id="FNanchor_1_1"></a><a href="#Footnote_1_1" class="fnanchor">[1]</a> ach an uair a dh' fheuch mise ri mo +cho-riaghladairean 's mo luchd-taic de na Liberals +a cho-eigneachadh gu lagh-bacaidh a +thoirt a staigh, dhuilt iad calg-dhireach sin a +dheanamh. Thairg mi mo dhreuchd a leagail +sios, ach cha d' rinn sin feum. Cha robh mi +riamh de'n bheachd gu robh e ceart do dh'<a name="uachdran" id="uachdran">uachdran</a> +sam bith a bharail fein a spadadh +air muinntir eile an aghaidh an toil. Rinn mise +na b' urrainn mi, ach cha robh cumhachd agam +daoine a bha neo-thoileach a dheanamh toileach +a dhol leam. Cha 'n e mise bu chòir an +uallach so a ghiulain, ach na daoine a dhiult +'s a chum air ais mi 's a' chùis. Tha mi deonach +mo chuibhrionn dligheach de'n choire a +ghabhail orm fein, ach faodas tu so a chreidsinn, +cha'n e mise bu choireach. Tha iad ag +radh nach d'rinn mi mar a rinn Alasdair MacCoinnich +mu chise-marsantachd na duthcha. +Tha diurras mhor eadar an da chuis. Sheas a +chuid mhor do chuideachd Mhic-Coinnich leis-san;<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_55" id="Page_55">[Pg 55]</a></span> +cha d'rinneadh sin leam-sa. A bharrachd +air sin, cha b' e cùis choguis, ach cùis beo-shlainte +ris an robh aig MacCoinnich ri dheanamh. +Bha e ro dhiorrasach, ro rag 'na +bheachd; cha robh còir no ceart aige feuchainn +ri thoil fhein fhaotainn 'dheoin no dh' aindheoin, +'n uair bha 'n duthaich dol fàs cion dìon. +Cha 'n 'eil an còir so aig duine 's am bith 's an +t-saoghal. Chaidh an la seachad anns am +faigh riaghladair a thoil fhein neo-air-thaing do +chàch. Faodaidh duine tha saor o dhreuchd a +bheachdan fein a bhi aige, ach ann an duthaich +a tha fo shaor riaghlaidh, 's e toil an t-sluaigh, +cha'n e toil an uachdarain is còir a dheanamh."</p> + +<p>Dh' fhiosraich mi fein a' chùis gu ro-mhionaideach, +'s tha mi smuaineachadh nach +urrainn a' mhor-chuid de na Liberals clach +a thilgeil air a chliù, 's an ni so. Tha mi +creidsinn mar theid uine seachad gu'n tig an +fhior chor gu solus, 's nach bi càin throm ri +phaidheadh le 'dheagh-chliù.</p> + +<p>Bha e air a radh gu'n d'fhan e ro fhada air +ceann an riaghlaidh. Tha mi creidsinn gu'n +d'fhan. Tha mi creidsinn gu'm fac' e caochladh +a' tighinn air earbsa an t-sluaigh, 's 'nan +robh e saor, nach fhanadh e a'n cumhachd cho +fada 's a dh' fhan e. Ach mar thuirt e fein: "Cha +b' ann leamsa na Liberals b'ann leosan mise. +Bha mi 'n am Phriomhfhear, ach b' ann mar<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_56" id="Page_56">[Pg 56]</a></span> +àrd-sheirbhiseach, cha b' ann mar Impire na-Gearmailt." +Chaidh e 's a' chùis so, reir comhairle, +cha b' ann a reir a bheachd fhein.</p> + +<p>An uair a chaidh e do'n duthaich air an +tràth mu dheireadh cha robh traoghadh air a +mhisneachd no air a threuntachd. Dh' fhoillsich +e cridhe an leoghain 's a' chath. Bha a +bhuadhan air an lasadh le teine 'mhac-mheamna, +agus shoillsich a bhriathrachas dubhachas +deistinneach na comhstrith mar dhealraicheas +dearrsadh gealaich an fhogharaidh +dubhar na h-oidhche. Bu shluagh mór na +Ceiltich 's an am a thriall, 's cha do chaill iad +buaidh fola an sinnsearan fhathasd. Cha b' e +gnè an fhior Ghaidheil teicheadh roimh namhaid; +"Oir geill cha tug Camashronach riamh"; +geill riamh cha d'thug clanna Chuinn Cheud-chathach, +no siol Olghair nan Lann, no sliochd +Chabarfeigh, no clann Diarmaid O'Duinn, d'an +suaicheantas ceann an tuirc; mar sinn nam +fineachan eile, na Rosaich nam measg, 's cha +bu dual gu'n leagadh Sir Seoras sios a shleagh +'s e beò. 'S an taghadh so sheas e a chùis, ach +beag, 'na aonar, air beulaibh an t-sluaigh. +Cha robh moran de mhaithibh a thaobh fein +maille ris air chuairt. Bha coinneamh an +deidh coinneimh aige air feadh na tìre air fad, +'s ged bha'n sluagh a' tuiteam air falbh bhuaith +cha do chaisg e aon oidheirp, nior robh coltas<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_57" id="Page_57">[Pg 57]</a></span> +sgìths air an t-seann each cogaidh no air a +mharcaiche. Thuit e mar thuit na ceudan, ach +thuit e 's a' bhlàr, le aghaidh ris an namhaid.</p> + +<p>Ann an seomair na Parlamaid bha a +thlachd ann an gleadhraich nan teanga. Bha +e geur sgaiteach 'n a bhriathran,—"ealamh, +ullamh, aigeannach," mar tha'n duan. An uair +bhiodh deasbud mór air lom, bha e dàna, +colganta, àrd-bhriathrach. Bha e'n sin 'na +làn eileamaid; mar shaighdear 's a' chogadh, le +claidheamh liobharach chinn Ilich 'na dhòrn, +a teumadh, a beumadh, 's a bearnadh am bac +baidealach ri aghaidh air taobh eile na cùis. +Bha gniomh an fhir-chlis aige agus cleas an +gatha-builg. Cha robh aon innleachd an fhir-labhairt +air nach robh e 'na mhaighstir, 's b' +ainneamh an t-am nach do choisinn e àrd +dhuais an fhir-thagair.</p> + +<p>Thubhairt mi gu robh e coibhneil do'n +bhochd agus foidhidneach fo thrioblaid. Mar +dhuine bochd e fein bha bàigh aige do na +bochdan agus bha a lamh 'n a sporran gu +minic. Airson moran bhliadhnaichean fhuiling +e péin is doruinn leis a ghreim-lònaidh a +bha nimheil is cruaidh ri ghiulan. Ach bha +fhoidhidinn fo'n eucail so ro-iongantach. Bha +e tiorail, blath-chridheach 'n a theaghlach agus +ri aghaidh dhaoine. Agus an uair a bha neach<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_58" id="Page_58">[Pg 58]</a></span> +'s am bith comhradh ris bha e cuirteil, eireachdail, +mar gu'm bu phrionns' a bhiodh ann.</p> + +<p>Mar Ghaidheal bha e làn-inntinneach, +dileas agus fialaidh. Bha e deidheil air a' +Ghaidhlig agus air eachdraidh na Gaidhealtachd +air an robh e mion-eolach. Bha e pròiseal +mu na rinn na Gaidheil do Chanada; agus +beagan mhiosan mu'n do chaochail e dh' +iarr e orm a chuideachadh gu comunn de +chlann Rois a chur air chois ann am America. +Chaidh so dheanamh agus chaidh e fein a +thaghadh air an ceann. Bu toil leis a bhi +cluinntinn 's a bhi comhradh mu na Gaidheil, +agus bha tlachd aige a bhith 'n am measg. "A +chuid de Phàras dha." 'S fhada mu'n tig an +latha air nach bi ainm air a mholadh am measg +a cho-luchd-duthcha ann an Canada.</p> + +<p><br /></p> +<div class="footnotes"> +<h4>FOOTNOTE</h4> +<div class="footnote"> +<p><a name="Footnote_1_1" id="Footnote_1_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_1_1"><span class="label">[1]</span></a> +Dh' fheuch iad ri sin a dheanamh 's an Taghadh a'n 1914.</p></div></div> + +<p><br /><br /></p> + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> + +<p><br /></p> + +<p class="cen"><b>Transcriber's Notes</b></p> + +<p>Hyphenation, spelling and grammar have been preserved as in the original +with the following exceptions.</p> + +<p class="tn"> +Page <a href="#An_deidh">3</a>, "An deidh na sîthe fhuair" changed to "An deidh na sìthe fhuair"<br /> +Page <a href="#Shoirbhich">3</a>, "Shoirbhich leo is dh' fhàs" changed to "Shoirbhich leo is dh'fhàs"<br /> +Page <a href="#Mar">7</a>, "Mar a dh-fhàs e suas chaidh" changed to "Mar a dh'fhàs e suas chaidh"<br /> +Page <a href="#air">7</a>, "air a' bheurla Shasunnach" changed to "air a' Bheurla Shasunnach"<br /> +Page <a href="#camp">11</a>, "bhàth e'n câmp." changed to "bhàth e'n camp."<br /> +Page <a href="#tighinn">18</a>, "tighinn dha na thrí" changed to "tighinn dha na thri"<br /> +Page <a href="#Shasunnach">23</a>, "a bheurla Shasunnach" changed to "a Bheurla Shasunnach"<br /> +Page <a href="#MacCoinnich">29</a>, "Tearlach MacCoinnich." changed to "Tearlàch MacCoinnich."<br /> +Page <a href="#bhliadhna">31</a>, "'Sa bhliadhua so—1867" changed to "'Sa bhliadhna so—1867"<br /> +Page <a href="#riaghladh">34</a>, "gu bhi riagladh thairis" changed to "gu bhi riaghladh thairis"<br /> +Page <a href="#Dh">34</a>, "Dh' fhàs an càirdeas" changed to "Dh'fhàs an càirdeas"<br /> +Page <a href="#obraich">46</a>, "so a dh-obraich cho" changed to "so a dh'obraich cho"<br /> +Page <a href="#uachdran">54</a>, "dh—uachdran sam bith" changed to "dh'uachdran sam bith" +</p> + +<p><br /><br /></p> + +<p>The following letter accompanied the copy sent by Alexander Fraser to Dr. Huw Morrison, whose Gaelic library now forms the +Morrison Collection at the National Library of Scotland.</p> + +<p><br /></p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> +<img src="images/letter.jpg" width="600" height="911" alt="" title="Letter from Fraser to Dr. Huw Morrison" /> +</div> + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Gearr-sgeoil air Sir Seoras Uilleam +Ross, by Alexander Fraser + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GEARR-SGEOIL AIR SIR SEORAS *** + +***** This file should be named 39849-h.htm or 39849-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/3/9/8/4/39849/ + +Produced by David T. 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