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diff --git a/39503-0.txt b/39503-0.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d486753 --- /dev/null +++ b/39503-0.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2669 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number 113, +December 27, 1851, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number 113, December 27, 1851 + A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, + Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc. + +Author: Various + +Editor: George Bell + +Release Date: April 21, 2012 [EBook #39503] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: UTF-8 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, DEC 27, 1851 *** + + + + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This +file was produced from images generously made available +by The Internet Library of Early Journals.) + + + + + +[Transcriber's note: Original spelling variations have not been +standardized. Characters with macrons have been marked in brackets with +an =equal= sign, as [=e] for a letter e with a macron on top. +_Underscores_ have been used to mark _italic_ fonts; emphasis by =letter +spacing= or =bold= text have been marked with =equal= signs. A list of +volumes and pages in "Notes and Queries" has been added at the end.] + + + + +NOTES AND QUERIES: + +A MEDIUM FOR INTER-COMMUNICATION + +FOR + +LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC. + +"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE. + +VOL. IV.--No. 113. SATURDAY, DECEMBER 27. 1851. + +Price Threepence. Stamped Edition 4_d._ + + + + +CONTENTS. + + Page + + + NOTES:-- + + Historical Coincidences: Barclay and Perkins 497 + + Remains of King James II. 498 + + Shetland Folk Lore:--The Wresting + Thread--Ringworm--Burn--Elfshot 500 + + Minor Notes:--Names of Places in Normandy and Orkney 501 + + QUERIES:-- + + Minor Queries:--Meaning of Ploydes--Green-eyed + Monster--Perpetual Lamp--Family of Butts--Greek + Names of Fishes--Drimmnitavichillichatan--Chalk-back + Day--Moravian Hymns--Rural and Urban Deans--Ducks + and Drakes--Vincent Kidder--House at Welling--Shropshire, + Price of Land--Legal Time 501 + + MINOR QUERIES ANSWERED:--Thorns of Dauphine--Inscription + at Lyons--Turnpikes 502 + + REPLIES:-- + + General James Wolfe 503 + + "Flemish Account" 504 + + Pope and Flatman, by Henry H. Breen 505 + + Derivation of "London," by Francis Crossley, &c. 505 + + Replies to Minor Queries:--Legend of the Robin + Redbreast--Monk and Cromwell--Souling--Clekit House--Peter + Talbot--Races in which Children, &c.--Bacon a Poet--Story + referred to by Jeremy Taylor--Share of Presbyters in + Ordination--Weever's Funeral Monument--Dial Motto + at Karlsbad--Cabal--Rectitudines Singularum + Personarum--Stanzas in Childe Harold--The Island + and Temple of Ægina--Herschel anticipated--Wyle + Cop--Macfarlane Manuscripts 506 + + MISCELLANEOUS:-- + + Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &c. 509 + + Books and Odd Volumes wanted 510 + + Notices to Correspondents 510 + + Advertisements 510 + + + + +Notes. + + +HISTORICAL COINCIDENCES. + +_Barclay and Perkins._ + +Have you ever amused yourself by tracing historical parallels? did you +ever note how often one age reflects the character of another, so that +the stage of real life seems to us at intervals as a theatre on which we +see represented the passions of the past, its political tendencies, and +monied speculations; the only change being that of costume, and a wider +but more modified method of action? So true it is that men change, +institutions vary, and that human nature is always the same. The church +reproduces its Laud, the railway exchange its Law, the bench has its +Mansfield, the Horse Guards its greater Marlborough, and Newgate its +Mrs. Brownrigg. We have giants as great as King Charles's porter, and a +Tom Thumb who would have frightened the very _ghosts_ of all departed +Jeffery Hudsons,--a class not generally accused of fear, except at +daybreak,--by his unequalled _diminutiveness_. Take the great questions +which agitate the church and the senate-house, which agitated them in +the sixteenth, during much of the two following centuries, and you will +find the same theological, political, commercial, and sanitary questions +debated with equal honesty, equal truth, and similar prospects of +satisfactory solution. I confess, however, that for one historical +coincidence I was unprepared; and that "Barclay and Perkins," in the +case of assault upon a noted public character, should have an historical +antecedent in the seventeenth century, has caused me some surprise. It +is not necessary for me to recall to your attention how Barclay and +Perkins were noised about on the occasion of the attack on General +Haynau. The name of the firm was as familiar to our lips as their +porter: + + "Never came reformation in a flood + With such a _heady_ currance." + +There had been no similar _émeute_, as I was told by a civic wit, since +the days of "Vat Tyler." Now let me remind you of the Barclay and +Perkins and the other Turnham Green men's plot, who conspired to assault +and assassinate King William III. Mind, the coincidence is only in name. +The historic parallel is rather of kind than event, but it is not the +less remarkable when we consider the excitement twice connected with +these names. The character of James II. may be described as the +_villainy of weakness_. It possessed nothing of elevation, breadth, or +strength. It was this weak obliquity which made him deceive his people, +and led them to subvert the laws, supplant the church, and to become a +tyrant in the name of religious liberty. His means to recover the throne +were as mean as the manner of its desertion was despicable. He tried +cajolery, it failed; the bravery of his Irish soldiers, it was +unavailing. He next relied on the corruption of Russell, the avarice of +Marlborough; but as these men were to be bought as well as sold, he put +his trust finally in any villain who was willing to be hired for +assassination. In 1692 M. de Grandval, a captain of dragoons, was shot +in the allied camp, who confessed that King James at St. Germain, in +the presence of the queen, had engaged him to shoot King William. Four +years later James had contrived another plot. At the head of this were +Sir George Barclay and Sir William Perkins, and under their guidance +twenty men were engaged to assist in the assassination of King William. +The plan was as follows. It was the custom of the king to hunt near the +house of Mr. Latten, in the neighbourhood of Brentford, and they +designed to surprise the king on his return at a hollow part of the road +between Brentford and Turnham Green, one division of them being placed +behind some bushes and brushwood at the western end of the Green. Some +of your correspondents may perhaps fix the spot; but as the Green +extended then far beyond what it now does, I suspect it was about the +road leading to Gunnesbury; the road itself I recollect as a boy seeing +much elevated and improved. The design failed, two of the gang betrayed +the rest,--Barclay escaped, but Perkins and some others were hung. +Jeremy Collier attended them on the scaffold, and publicly gave them +absolution in the name of Christ, and by imposition of hands, for all +their sins. I need not describe to you the excitement caused by this +plot of Barclay and Perkins: the event connected with their names, as at +our later period-- + + "Was a theme of all conversation; + Had it been a pillar of church and state, + Or a prop to support the whole dead weight, + It could not have furnished more debate + For the heads and tails of the nation." + +James closed the drama becomingly; he published a defence of his conduct +in a paper, the style of which has been well described as the "euphemism +of assassination." The road between Turnham Green and Kew was long after +associated with the names of "Barclay and Perkins." + + S.H. + + +REMAINS OF KING JAMES II. + +The enclosed copy of an authentic document, obtained through the +kindness of Mr. Pickford, Her Majesty's consul in Paris, is communicated +to the publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES", in the belief that it may prove +acceptable to those who take an interest in the questions raised by the +articles in Nos. 46. 48. and 56. of that valuable publication. + +This document is an "Extract from the Register of the Deliberation of +the Municipal Council of St. Germain-en-Laye," dated July 12, 1824, +containing the official report, or _procès-verbal_, of the discovery +made that day of three boxes, in which were deposited a portion of the +remains of King James II. and of the Princess Louise-Marie, his +daughter. + +The "annexes" referred to, of the respective dates of September 16 and +17, A.D. 1701, leave no doubt as to the disposal of the royal corpse at +that time. With respect to its fate, after its removal from the English +Benedictine convent in Paris in 1793, as mentioned in the article No. +46., it is most probable that it shared the fate of other royal relics +exhumed at the same disastrous period from the vaults of St. Denys, +which were scattered to the winds, or cast into a common pit. + +It may be presumed that the epitaph given in the same document, and +mentioned as being _such as it had existed_ in the church of St. +Germain-en-Laye, had disappeared before the date of the "Extract from +the Register." It probably was destroyed during the first fury of the +French Revolution in 1793:-- + + "République Française. + + "Liberté, Egalité, Fraternité. + + "Ville de Saint Germain-en-Laye. + + "Extrait du Régistre des Déliberations du Conseil Municipal. + + "Séance du 12 Juillet, 1824. + + "Aujourd'hui lundi douze Juillet mil huit cent vingt-quatre, trois + heures de relevée, nous Pierre Danès de Montardat, ancien Colonel + de Cavalerie, chevalier de l'ordre royal et militaire de St. + Louis, Maire de la ville de St. Germain-en-Laye, ayant été informé + par MM. les Architectes de la nouvelle église de cette ville, que + ce matin, vers sept heures, en faisant la fouille de l'emplacement + du nouveau clocher dans l'ancienne chapelle des fonds, on avait + découvert successivement trois boites en plomb de différentes + formes, placées très près les unes des autres, et dont l'une + desquelles portait une inscription gravée sur une table d'étain, + constatant qu'elle contient partie des restes du roi Jacques + Stuart Second, Roi d'Angleterre, d'Ecosse et d'Irlande. Nous + sommes transporté sur le lieu susdésigné accompagné de M. le + Compte Bozon de Talleyrand, Lieutenant Général honoraire, Grand' + Croix de l'ordre de St. Louis, Gouverneur du Château de St. + Germain-en-Laye, de M. Jean Jacques Collignon, curé de cette + paroisse royale, de MM. Malpièce et Moutier, architectes de la + nouvelle église, de M. Rigault, secrétaire de la Mairie, et de MM. + Voisin, Perrin, Baudin, de Beaurepaire (le comte), Dusouchet, + Galot, Decan, Dupuis, Jeulin, Journet, Griveau, Dufour, Delaval, + Casse et Barbé, membres du Conseil Municipal, et de M. Morin, + Commissaire de Police, + + "Où étant, nous avons reconnu et constaté; + + "1'o. Que la première des trois boites susdites (figure A) était + en plomb de 0m. 35c. carrés et 0m. 18 centimêtres de hauteur, + recouverte d'une plaque en même de 0m. 22 centimêtres carrés, + sous laquelle plaque on a trouvé une table en étain de 0m. 20 + centimêtres de haut, 0m. 15c. de large, portant cette + inscription:-- + + "'Ici est une portion de la chair et des parties + nobles du corps de très haut, très puissant, + très excellent Prince Jacques Stuart, second du + nom, Roi de la Grande Brétagne; naquit le + XXIII Octobre MDCXXXIII, décédé en + France, à St. Germain-en-Laye, le XVI Septembre + MDCCI.' + + "Au bas de la plaque sont empreintes ses armes. + + "Cette boite est en partie mutilée: elle contient plusieurs + portions d'ossements et des restes non encore consommés. + + "La deuxième boite (figure B) circulaire est aussi en plomb de + 0m. 34 centimêtres de diamétre et 0m. 30c. de hauteur et + découverte. + + "La troisième boite (figure C) de 0m. 30c. carrés et 0m. 25 + centimêtres de hauteur est aussi en plomb et fermée de toutes + parts à l'exception d'un trou oxydé. + + "Ces deux dernières boites ne paraissent contenir que des restes + consommés. Ces trois boites ont été enlevées, en présence de + toutes les personnes dénommées au présent, avec le plus grand soin + et transportées dans le Trésor de la Sacristie. + + "Ensuite nous avons fait faire aux archives de la Mairie les + recherches nécessaires, et nous avons trouvé sur le régistre de + l'année 1701 à la date du 16 Septembre, les actes dont copies + seront jointes au présent procès-verbal, ainsi que l'Epitaphe du + Roi Jacques, et qui constatent que partie de ses entrailles, de + son cerveau avec les poumons et un peu de sa chair, sont restés en + dépôt dans cette église pour la consolation des peuples tant + Français qu'Anglais, et pour conserver en ce lieu la mémoire d'un + si grand et si réligieux prince. + + "Les autres boites sont sans doute les restes de la Princesse + Louise Marie d'Angleterre et fille du Roi Jacques Second, décédée + à St. Germain le 17 Avril, 1712, ainsi que le constate le régistre + de cette année, qui indique qu'une partie des entrailles de cette + Princesse a été déposée près des restes de son père. + + "De tout ce que dessus le présent a été rédigé les sus-dits jour, + mois et an, et signé de toutes les personnes y dénommées. + + "(Ainsi signé à la minute du procès-verbal.) + + "Suivent les annexes. + + "Du seize Septembre mil sept cent un, à trois heures et vingt + minutes après midi, est décédé dans le château vieil de ce lieu, + très haut, très puissant et très réligieux Prince Jacques Stuart, + second du nom, Roi d'Angleterre, d'Ecosse et d'Irlande, âgé de 67 + ans 11 mois, également regretté des peuples de France et + d'Angleterre, et surtout des habitans de ce lieu et autres qui + avaient été temoins oculaires de ses excellentes vertus et de sa + réligion, pour laquelle il avait quitté toutes ses couronnes, les + cédant à un usurpateur dénaturé, ayant mieux aimé vivre en bon + chrétien éloigné de ses états, et faire par ses infortunes et sa + patience, triompher la réligion catholique, que de régner lui-même + au milieu d'un peuple mutin et hérétique. Sa dernière maladie + avait duré quinze jours, pendant lesquels il avait reçu deux fois + le St. Viatique et l'extrême onction par les mains de Messire Jean + François de Benoist, Docteur de la Maison de Sorbonne, prieur et + curé de ce lieu, son propre pasteur, avec des sentimens d'une + humilité profonde, qu'après avoir pardonné à tous les siens + rebelles et ses plus cruels ennemis, il demanda même pardon à ses + officiers, s'il leur avait donné quelque sujet de chagrin. Il + avait donné aussi des marques de sa tendresse et réligion au + Sérénissime Prince de Galles, son fils, digne héritier de ses + couronnes aussi bien que de ses vertus, auquel il recommanda de + n'avoir jamais d'autre règle de sa conduite que les maximes de + l'Evangile, d'honorer toujours sa très vertueuse mère, aux soins + de laquelle il le laissait, de se souvenir des bontés que Sa + Majesté très chrétienne lui avait toujours témoigné, et de plutôt + renoncer à tous ses états que d'abandonner la foi de Jésus-Christ. + Tout le peuple tant de ce lieu que des environs ont eu la + consolation de lui rendre les derniers devoirs et de la visiter + pour la dernière fois en son lit de parade, où il demeura + vingt-quatre heures exposé en vue, pendant lesquelles il fut + assisté du clergé de cette église, des révérends pères Récollets + et des Loges, qui ne cesseront pas de prier pour le repos de l'âme + de cet illustre héros du nom chrétien que le Seigneur récompense + d'une couronne éternelle. + + "Signé, P. PARMENTIER, Secrétaire." + + "Du dix-septième jour (même année) sur les huit heures et demie du + soir, fut enlevé du château vieil de ce lieu, le corps de très + haut, très puissant et réligieux monarque Jacques Stuart, second + du nom, Roi d'Angleterre, d'Ecosse et d'Irlande, après avoir été + embaumé en la manière accoutumée, pour être conduit aux Réligieux + Bénédictins Anglais de Paris, faubourg St. Jacques, accompagné + seulement de soixante gardes et trois carosses à la suite, ainsi + qu'il avait ordonné pour donner encore après sa mort un exemple de + détachement qu'il avait eu pendant sa vie des vanités du monde, + n'étant assisté que de ses aumoniers et de Messire Jean François + de Benoist, prêtre, Docteur de la Maison de Sorbonne, prieur et + curé de ce lieu, son propre pasteur, qui ne l'avait point + abandonné dans toute sa maladie, l'ayant consolé dans tous ses + maux d'une manière édifiante et autant pleine d'onction qu'on + puisse désirer du pasteur zélé pour le salut de ses ouailles. Son + coeur fut en même tems porté dans l'Eglise des Réligieuses de + Chaillot; une partie de ses entrailles, de son cerveau, avec ses + poumons et un peu de sa chair, sont restés en dépôt dans cette + église, pour la consolation des peuples tant Français qu'Anglais + et pour conserver en ce lieu la mémoire d'un si grand et si + réligieux prince. + + "Signé, P. PARMENTIER, Secrétaire." + + "Epitaphe de Jacques Second, Roi de la Grande Brétagne, telle + qu'elle existait dans l'Eglise de St. Germain-en-Laye:-- + + "'A. Regi Regum + felicique memoriæ + Jacobi II. Majoris Britanniæ Regis + Qui sua hic viscera condi voluit + Conditus ipse in visceribus Christi. + Fortitudine bellicâ nulli secundus, + Fide Christianâ cui non par? + Per alteram quid non ausus? + Propter alteram quid non passus? + Illâ plus quam heros + Istâ propè martyr. + + Fide fortis + Accensus periculis, erectus adversis. + + Nemo Rex magìs, cui regna quatuor + Anglia, Scotia, Hibernia--Ubi quartum? + Ipse sibi. + Tria eripi potuere + Quartum intactum mansit. + Priorum defensio, Exercitus qui defecerunt + Postremi tutelæ, virtutes nunquam transfugæ. + + Quin nec illa tria erepta omnino. + Instar Regnorum est Ludovicus hospes + Sarcit amicitia talis tantæ sacrilegia perfidiæ, + Imperat adhuc qui sic exulat. + + Moritur, ut vixit, fide plenus + Eòque advolat quò fides ducit + Ubi nihil perfidia potest. + + Non fletibus hic, canticis locus est. + Aut si flendum, flenda Anglia.' + + "Pour copies conformes, Le Maire de St. Germain," &c. + +The authenticity of the signature attested by Her Britannic Majesty's +consul in Paris, Dec. 11, 1850. + + +SHETLAND FOLK LORE. + +_The Wresting Thread._--When a person has received a sprain, it is +customary to apply to an individual practised in casting the "wrested +thread." This is thread spun from black wool, on which are cast _nine_ +knots, and tied round a sprained leg or arm. During the time the +operator is putting the thread round the affected limb, he says, in a +muttering tone, in such a manner as not to be understood by the +bystanders, nor even by the person operated upon-- + + "The Lord rade (rode), + And the foal slade (slipped); + He lighted, + An she righted. + Set joint to joint[1], + Bone to bone, + And sinew to sinew, + Heal in the Holy Ghost's name!!!" + + [Footnote 1: This charm is remarkable for its resemblance to an + early German one found by Grimm in a MS. of the tenth century, + originally published by him in 1842, and to be found, with + references to Norwegian, Swedish, Flemish, and this Scottish + version, in the second edition of his _Deutsche Mythologie_, s. + 1181-2.--ED.] + +_Ringworm._--The person affected with ringworm takes a little ashes +between the forefinger and thumb, three successive mornings, and before +taking any food, and holding the ashes to the part affected, says-- + + "Ringworm! ringworm red! + Never mayst thou spread or speed, + But aye grow less and less, + And die away among the ase (ashes)." + +_Burn._--To cure a burn, the following words are used:-- + + "Here come I to cure a burnt sore; + If the dead knew what the living endure, + The burnt sore would burn no more." + +The operator, after having repeated the above, blows his breath three +times upon the burnt place. + +_Elfshot._--A notion is prevalent, that when a cow is suddenly taken +ill, she is elfshot; that is, that a kind of spirits called "trows," +different in their nature from fairies, have discharged a stone arrow at +her, and wounded her with it. Though no wound can be seen externally, +there are different persons, both male and female, who pretend to feel +it in the flesh, and to cure it by repeating certain words over the cow. +They also fold a sewing needle in a leaf taken from a particular part of +a psalm book, and sew it in the hair of the cow; which is considered not +only as an infallible cure, but which also serves as a charm against +future attacks. This is nearly allied to a practice which was at one +time very prevalent, and of which some traces may perhaps still exist, +in what would be considered a more civilised part of the country, of +wearing a small piece of the branch of the rowan tree, wrapped round +with red thread, and sewn into some part of the garments, to guard +against the effects of an "evil eye," or witchcraft: + + "Rowan-tree and red thread + Puts the witches to their speed." + +In the neighbourhood of Peterhead, there lived, a few years ago, a +famous exorcist, whose ancestors had for several generations practised +the same profession. He was greatly resorted to by parties in the Buchan +district, for curing elfshot cattle, cows whose milk had been +surreptitiously taken away, to recover stolen property and find out +thieves, and put a stop to "cloddings." This latter description of +_diablerie_, is just a repetition of the Cock Lane ghost's tricks, and +occasionally yet occurs. On one occasion the exorcist was bearded in his +own den: for about twenty-five years ago a terrible "clodding" took +place at a farm-house in the parish of Longside, a mile or two from his +own; it defied the united efforts of priest and layman to lay it, and +the operator was called in, and while in the middle of one of his most +powerful exorcisms, was struck on the side of his head with a piece of +peat. The annoyance continued a few weeks, and then ceased altogether. +In the parish of Banchory Ternan, about seven years ago, a "clodding" +took place, which created considerable sensation in the district. + + DUNROSSNESS. + + +Minor Notes. + +_Names of Places in Normandy and Orkney._--In reading Depping's _History +of the Norman Maritime Expeditions_, my attention was directed to +Appendix IX. vol. ii. p. 339., "Des Noms Topographiques de Normandie +dont l'origine est étrangère." Many of the names given there resemble +those in Orkney. I note a few of them. + +Depedal. Deepdale, a secluded valley near Kirkwall; _Dalv_, Icelandic, a +valley. + +Auppegard, Eppegard in Normandy; Kongsgarth, Herdmansgarth in Orkney; +Icelandic _Gardr_, a field, an enclosure. + +Cape La Hogue, derived by M. Depping from _hougr_, a promontory; Hoxay +in Orkney, _hougs_ and _ay_, an island. _Haugs-eid_, isthmus of the +hillock, is another derivation. + +Cherbourg, Dep. p. 331.; Suhm, in a note appended, finds the root in his +tongue, _skiair_, _skeer_; Icelandic _Sker_, a sea-rock, the Orkney +_Skerry_, an islet covered at high water. + +Houlmes, near Rouen; the Orkney _Holm_, a small island generally +uninhabited. + +Yvetot; Toft common in Orkney. + +Bye, a dwelling, is the Orkney Bu or Boo, a pure Icelandic word. + +Other instances could be given; and there is nothing remarkable in this +when it is considered that the invaders of Orkney and Normandy were the +same people at the same period, and the better preservation of the Norse +tongue in Orkney is readily to be accounted for. In Normandy the +language of the invaders was lost in the French in a very short space of +time, while the Norse continued the language of Orkney and Zetland +during their subjection to the Norwegian earls for a period of 600 +years; and only last year, 1850, it was that an old man in Unst in +Zetland, who could speak Norse, died at the age of eighty-seven years; +and except there be in Foula (Fougla, the fowls' island, called Thule in +the Latin charters of its proprietors) a person living who can speak it, +that old tongue is extinct in Britain. + + W.H.F. + + + + +Queries. + + +Minor Queries. + +_357. Meaning of Ploydes._--Perhaps the gentleman who has directed his +attention to the folk lore of Lancashire (Vol. iii., p. 55.) can tell +the meaning of the word _ploydes_ in the following rhythmical proverb. +The three parishes of Prescot, Huyton, and Childwall adjoin each other, +and lie to the east of Liverpool:-- + + Prescot, Huyton, and merry Childow, + Three parish churches, all in a row; + Prescot for mugs, Huyton for _ploydes_, + And Childow for ringing and singing besides." + + ST. JOHNS. + +_358. Green-eyed Monster._--Whence the origin of the "Green-eyed +Monster"? The Italians considered a green iris beautiful, thus Dante +makes Beatrice have "emerald eyes;" again, the Spaniards are loud in +their praise. Whence, then, the epithet in its present sense? + + [?] + +_359. Perpetual Lamp._--The ancient Romans are said to have preserved +lights in their sepulchres many ages by the oiliness of gold, resolved +by art into a liquid substance. And it is reported that, at the +dissolution of monasteries, in the time of Henry VIII., there was a lamp +found that had then burnt in a tomb from about 300 years after Christ, +nearly 1200 years. + +Two of these subterranean lamps are to be seen in the Museum of Rarities +at Leyden in Holland. One of these lamps, in the papacy of Paul III., +was found in the tomb of Tullia, Cicero's daughter, which had been shut +up 1550 years. + +From 2nd edit. of N. Bailey, φιλόλογος, 1731. + + B.B. + +_360. Family of Butts._--A very great favour would be conferred, if any +of your antiquarian correspondents would give me information respecting +the family of Butts of Thornage, co. Norfolk, of which were Sir William +Butts, physician to Hen. VIII.; and Robert Butts, Bishop of Norwich, and +afterwards of Ely. The principal object of the querist is to know +whether this family sprang from that of But, Butte, or Butts, which +attained great civic eminence in Norwich during the thirteenth and two +following centuries. + + COWGILL. + +_361. Greek Names of Fishes._--Can any of your learned correspondents +inform me upon what authority the Greek names of fishes occurring in the +following verses from the _Vespæ_, 493, are translated "sprats" and +"mackerel?" I have only Donnegan's very unsatisfactory compilation here. + + "ἢν μὲν ὠνῆταί τις ὀρφῶς, μεμβράδας δὲ μὴ θέλῃ, + εὐθέως εἴρηχ' ὁ πωλῶν πλησίον τὰς μεμβράδας· + οὗτος ὀψωνεῖν ἔοιχ' ἄνθρωπος ἐπὶ τυραννίδι," &c. + + NICÆENSIS. + +_362. Drimmnitavichillichatan._--Some twenty or thirty years ago there +used to appear regularly in the _Aberdeen_ and _Belfast Almanack's_ list +of fairs, one held annually at the above place in the month of May. +Could any correspondent inform me where it is situated? I think it is in +Argyle or Inverness-shires; but should like to know the precise +locality, as it is not mentioned in any work to which I have access at +present. + + X.Y.Z. + +_363. Chalk-back Day._--At Diss, Norfolk, it is customary for the +juvenile populace, on the Thursday before the third Friday in September +(on which latter day a fair and "session" for hiring servants are held), +to mark and disfigure each other's dress with white chalk, pleading a +prescriptive right to be mischievous on "chalk-back day." Does such a +practice exist elsewhere, and what is its origin? + + S. W. RIX. + + Beccles. + +364. _Moravian Hymns._--Can any of your readers give me an account of +the earlier editions of the Moravian hymns? In the _Oxford Magazine_ for +July, 1769, some extraordinary specimens are given, which profess to be +taken from "a book of private devotions, printed for the use of the +Unitas Fratrum, or Moravians." One of them is-- + + "To you, ye wounds, we pay + A thousand tears a-day, + That you have us presented + With many happy virgin rows. + Since the year forty, + Pappa! mamma! + Your hearts Flamlein, + Brother Flamlein, + Gives the creatures + Virgin hearts and features." + +The others look still more like burlesque. I cannot find them in any +Moravian hymn-book which I have seen; and have searched the British +Museum in vain for that which is referred to in the _Oxford Magazine_. +Are they genuine, or a fabrication of Anti-moravians? + + P. H. + +365. _Rural and Urban Deans._--The name and office of _rural dean_ is +familiar to every one; but may I ask your clerical readers in London, or +in any other of the large towns of England, whether the office of dean +is still existing among them; or have the _urban deans_ altogether +ceased to be chosen and to act? + + W. FRASER. + +366. _Ducks and Drakes._--When a man squanders his fortune, he is said +in vulgar parlance to "make ducks and drakes of his money." Does this +odd expression allude to the thoughtless school-boy practice of throwing +stones as nearly as possible on a parallel with the surface of the +water, whose elastic quality causes them frequently to rebound before +they sink? In my younger days this amusement (so to speak) was called +"ducks and drakes." + + M. W. B. + + Bruges. + +367. _Vincent Kidder._--I shall be much obliged by any information +respecting the descent of Vincent Kidder of Aghaboe in the Queen's +County, Ireland, who held a commission as major in Cromwell's army. He +married Ellen Loftus, the granddaughter of Sir Thos. Loftus of Killyan, +one of the sons of Adam Loftus, Archbishop of Dublin; and, in 1670, had +a grant of forfeited lands in the county of Kilkenny. I have reason to +believe that he sprang from a family of that name in Sussex. His son, +also named Vincent, was a lieutenant in Cottingham's regiment at the +battle of the Boyne, Master of the Goldsmith's Company in Dublin in +1696, and High Sheriff of Dublin in 1718. He married Elizabeth, the +daughter of ---- Proudfoot, and left issue. I shall be glad of any +information as to the marriage of the last-named Vincent, and as to the +family of Proudfoot. + + C. (Streatham.) + +368. _House at Welling._--Every one who has travelled on the +carriage-road between London and Erith must have noticed at the end of +the village of Welling an old-looking house, with high garden walls, and +a _yew_ hedge about thrice the height of the walls. It is said that one +of our English poets once inhabited this house; but _who_? is a Query to +which no one seems able to give an answer. Perhaps some of your numerous +correspondents may have a Note on the subject, and would kindly furnish +it. It is said by some to have been Young, the author of the _Night +Thoughts_; but this again is denied by others. + + B. + +369. _Shropshire, Price of Land._--What was the average number of years' +purchase at which land sold in Shropshire and Montgomery between 1770 +and '80? Is there any book where information on this subject can be +found? + + B. R. I. + +370. _Legal Time._--The town clerk of Exeter, a short time since, in +reply to the question "What is legal time?" said, that "one of the +courts of law had decided (in reference to a young lady becoming of age +in London) that St. Paul's was so." Now St. Paul's, as well as all other +London clocks, keeps Greenwich time. Query, _Is_ St. Paul's time legal +time? Is it so because it is the cathedral clock of London, or because +it is a commonly recognised standard of time for London? + + EXON. + + +Minor Queries Answered. + +_Thorns of Dauphine._--What is the meaning of the proverb mentioned by +Bishop Jeremy Taylor: + + "The Thorns of Dauphine will never fetch blood, if they do not + scratch the first day?"--_Sermon XVI._ "Of Growth in Sin," p. 319. + Lond. 1678. fol. + + RT. + + Warmington. + + [Montaigne, in his _Essays_, book i. chap. lvii., quotes this + proverb, and gives a clue to its meaning. He says: "For my part I + believe our souls are adult at twenty, as much as they are ever + like to be, and as capable then as ever. A soul that has not by + that time given evident earnest of its force and virtue will never + after come to proof. Natural parts and excellences produce what + they have of vigorous and fine within that term, or never: + + 'Si l'espine non picque quand nai, + A peue que picque jamai,' + + as they say in Dauphiny."] + +_Inscription at Lyons._--In Bishop Burnet's _Travels_ (1685), he +mentions a monumental inscription which he saw at Lyons, of a certain +lady, "Quæ nimia pia"--"Facta est Impia," whom he conjectures, and with +some probability, to have been a Christian lady, declared impious +because she refused to confess the "Gods many and Lords many" of the +heathen. The conclusion of the epitaph is perplexing: it states that her +husband dedicated it to her and her son's memory--under "the axe"--"Sub +asciâ dedicavit." I have looked in vain for any explanation of this +expression, in any account within my reach of Roman funerals: possibly +some of your correspondents may help me to an explanation. Burnet, while +he is acute in noting the contradictory expression above, wholly +overlooks this. It may mean that her husband performed this act of piety +in the face of danger and persecution,--as we should say, "with the axe +hanging over his head;" but then the epitaph commences with the letters +D. M., signifying "Diis Manibus," leading to the conclusion that the +husband was not himself a Christian, though respecting Christianity in +the person of his wife. I had not originally intended to copy the +epitaph; but as it is not long, and may help the speculations of your +readers who have not access to Burnet's _Travels_, p. 5., now a rare +book, I subjoin it:-- + + "D. M. + Et memoriæ eternæ + Sutiæ Anthidis + Quæ vixit Annis XXV. M. XI. DV. + Quæ dum nimia pia fuit + Facta est Impia + et + Attio Probatiolo + Cecalius Callistio Conjux et Pater + et sibi vivo + Ponendum Curavit + et + Sub ascia dedicavit." + + A. B. R. + + [Our correspondent will find a more correct reading of this + inscription, with some remarks on Bishop Burnet's account of it, + in _Reflexions on Dr. Gilbert Burnet's Travels into Switzerland, + Italy, and certain Parts of Germany and France, &c._, divided into + five letters. Written originally in Latin, by Mons. ***, and now + done into English. 1688, pp. 23-29.] + +_Turnpikes._--What is the earliest instance and origin of this word, and +when did the system of turnpikes commence? In the will of Walter +Ildryzerd, of Bury, dated 1468, mention is made of two pastures without +the town "j vocat' _Turnepyke_." + + BURIENSIS. + + [Turnpikes or barriers were erected as early as A.D. 1267, as we + find a grant of a penny for each waggon passing through a manor. + See _Index or Catalogue of the Patent Rolls_, Hen. III. 51., m. + 21., "Quod I. de Ripariis capiat in feod. 1 denar. de qualibet + carectâ transeunte per maneria sua de Thormerton et Littleton, co. + Glouc." A toll was also imposed in the reign of Edward III. for + repairing the road between St. Giles and Temple Bar.] + + + + +Replies. + + +GENERAL JAMES WOLFE. + +(Vol. iv., p. 438.) + +In answer to the Queries put to me by [Gh.] I have to state-- + +1st. That I am totally unable to give any information relative to the +family of Mrs. Wolfe. + +2d. Edward Wolfe was not, I believe, a native of Westerham, and only +resided there when not on active duty. His wife lived there some years, +but could only have been staying temporarily in the house where her son +was born, as it always was the residence of the vicar; the room, named +after him, is still pointed out where James Wolfe drew his first breath. +Quebec House was only rented by Edward Wolfe: to this house James was +very early removed, and, as I have always been informed, always resided +in it till he entered on his military studies; if so, he must have been +educated in the neighbourhood. + +3rd. Sir Jeffrey Amherst is the same person as [Gh.] alludes to; I was +wrong, perhaps, in using the term "patronise." Wolfe and he were, +however, staunch friends through life; Amherst ever encouraged Wolfe, +who was liable to fits of despondency, and always represented him at +head quarters as one worthy of a high command in those trying times. +Amherst was afterwards executor to Mrs. Wolfe's will. + +I feel gratified that the letters mentioned corroborate my assertion as +to his birth; not only is the date I gave on the tablet in Westerham +church, but was informed of the various accounts by a former curate of +Westerham, who assured me the date on the tablet was the correct one. + +The circumstance of Barré's friendship with Wolfe is interesting, and I +am now enabled to mention another friend, on whom Wolfe equally relied, +viz. General Hugh Debbieg, who fought with him at Louisbourgh, and +afterwards followed him to Quebec, where he directed part of the +engineering operations. + +The soldier who supported Wolfe after he received his death-wound, was +named James; he was in the artillery; he likewise served at Louisbourgh +and Quebec, and survived till 1812, when he died at Carlisle Castle, +where he had been stationed for many years as a bombardier, aged +ninety-two. + +In no notice of him I have read, is he mentioned as having been at +Carthagena. The _Penny Cyclopædia_ mentions the chief engagements he was +in, but makes no allusion to Carthagena whatever. + +Southey and Gleig contemplated writing the life of Wolfe; but some +unknown circumstance prevented the completion of so laudable a design. + +In George's _Westerham Journal_ is a curious account of Mrs. Wolfe +adopting a young man named Jacob Wolfe, and of Lord Amherst obtaining, +by her representations, a place of 700_l._ a-year for him. It is +extracted from Trusler's _Memoirs_; but being too lengthy for insertion +in "NOTES AND QUERIES," I will copy it out, if [Gh.] wishes to have it. + +In Thackery's _Life of the Earl of Chatham_ is mentioned the following +anecdote, which I have often seen otherwise applied: George II. was once +expressing his admiration of Wolfe, when some one observed that the +General was mad. "Oh! mad is he?" said the King; "then I wish he would +bite some of my other generals." Other information occurs in the same +work. + +I have learnt that a family named Wolfe was settled at Saffron Walden, +Essex, in the last century, and the obituary of _Sylvanus Urban for +1794_, p. 770., records the death of the lady of Thomas Wolfe, Esq., of +that place. Does this give a clue as to the county in which George Wolfe +settled? + +I had intended to have applied myself to "NOTES AND QUERIES" relative to +our hero; and though I have been anticipated, I will still endeavour to +follow up my enquiries, and all I can obtain shall be at the service of +[Gh.], in the hope that something substantial may be done to rescue from +the comparative oblivion the life of one of England's greatest sons. + + H. G. D. + + +"FLEMISH ACCOUNT." + +(Vol. i., p. 8.) + +The following examples may serve as further illustrations towards +determining the origin and use of the expression. + +I. + + "Within this hall neither rich nor yett poore + Wold do for me ought although I shold dye. + Which seeing, I gat me out of the doore, + Where _Flemynges_ began on me for to cry, + 'Master, what will you copen or by? + Fyne felt hattes, or spectacles to reede? + Lay down your silver, and here you may speede'" + + _Minor Poems_ of Lydgate [1420]. London, + Lackpenny. Ed. Per. Soc. 1840, p. 105. + +This is curious, as indicating that the word "Fleming," in the fifteenth +century, had become almost synonymous with "trader." + +II. + + "_Julia._ I have heard enough of England: have you nothing + to return upon the Netherlands? + + "_Beamont._ Faith, very little to any purpose. He has been + beforehand with us, _as his countrymen are in + their Trade_, and taken up so many vices for the + use of England, that he has left almost none for + the Low Countries." + + Dryden's _Dutch at Amboyna_, Act II. Sc. 8. + + "_Towerson._ Tell 'em I seal that service with my blood; + And, dying, wish to all their factories, + And all the famous merchants of our isle, + That wealth their generous industry deserves, + But dare not hope it with _Dutch partnership_." + + _Ibid._ Act V. Sc. last. + +III. + + "Yet, Urswick, + We'll not abate one penny, what in Parliament + Hath freely been contributed; we must not: + Money gives soul to action. Our competitor + _The Flemish counterfeit_, with James of Scotland, + Will prove what courage need and want can nourish, + Without the food of fit supplies." + + Ford [1634], _Perkin Warbeck_, Act III. Sc. 1. + + "_Cuddy._ Yes, I was ten days together there the last + Shrove-tide. + + "_2nd Clown._ How could that be, when there are but seven days + in the week? + + "_Cuddy._ Prithee, peace! I reckon _stila nova_ as a + traveller; thou understandest as a freshwater + farmer, that never saw'st a week beyond sea. _Ask + any soldier that ever received his pay but in the + Low Countries, and he'll tell thee there are Eight + days in the week there hard by._ How dost thou think + they rise in High Germany, Italy, and those remoter + places?"--Rowley, Decker, and Ford. + + _Witch of Edmonton_, Act III. Sc. 1. + +"This passage is explained by the following lines of Butler: + + 'The soldier does it every day, + _Eight to the week_, for sixpence pay.'" + + Note by the Editor, Hartley Coleridge, in the + Glossary. Ed. London: Moxon, 1839. + +IV. De Thou gives the following anecdote, when speaking of a defeat, +more disgraceful, however, than disastrous, which befel the French on +the borders of Flanders, A.D. 1555, in which many nobles and gentry were +captured by the Flemings: + + "Cùm delectus illi ex CCCC peditibus et MCC equitibus conflati, + quorum dux erat Jallius ex primariâ in Andibus nobilitatæ vir, in + hosticum excurrissent, et magnas prædas abegissent, dum redirent + solutis ordinibus homines ut plurimum militiæ ignari, inter + Rigiacum Atrebatum et Bapalmam, ab Alsimontio loci illius præfecto + secus viam et oppositam silvam ac subjectum rivum, insidiis + excepti sunt, et ab exiguo numero cæsi, ac majorem partem, cum + effugium non esset capti, non sine verborum ludibrio, nimirum, + _Nobiles Galliæ non appensos a Belgis capi_! Quod dicebatur + allusione factâ ad Monetæ aureæ Anglicanæ genus, quod vulgò + nobilium nomine indigitatur."--Thuani _Hist._ lib. XVI. ad. a. + 1555, tom. i. p. 494. ed. Genev. 1626. + + "When these levies, made up of 400 foot soldiers and 1200 + horsemen, whose leader was La Jaille, one of the principal + nobility of Anjou, had made a foray on the enemy's border, and + driven off an immense booty; upon their retreat, which, being men + for the most part utterly ignorant of military service, they + conducted with great disorder, between Arras and Bapaume, they + were entrapped by Osmand, who commanded in those parts, into an + ambuscade set for them close to their line of march, with a wood + in their front and a river below them. A few of them were slain, + but the greater part, inasmuch as there was no way of escape, were + taken prisoners: which gave occasion to the following satirical + play upon words: '_That Flemings had taken French Nobles without + first weighing them!_' The play on the words, of course, alluding + to the English gold coins commonly known by the name of 'the + noble.'" + +The last instance shows the common opinion entertained of the Flemings, +as being traders far too keen to take any coin except it were of full +tale and weight. And although the expression "Flemish account" may have +originated from their practice as merchants, yet, from the second +instance quoted from Ford and Decker, it may not unreasonably be +inferred that it received greater currency from their method of paying +the soldiers who also served as mercenaries in the wars of the Low +Countries. + + E. A. D. + + +POPE AND FLATMAN. + +(Vol. iv., p. 132.) + +MR. BARTON, in his "Note" on Pope and Flatman, inquires whether the +coincidence mentioned by him has been noticed before. I believe it has, +by more than one commentator, and among others by Croly in his edition +of Pope, London, E. J. Valpy, 1835. Dr. Croly introduces the ode of "The +Dying Christian to his Soul," with these remarks, from which it will be +seen that Flatman was not the only source of Pope's inspiration: + + "Pope, in a letter to Steele, at whose suggestion he had adopted + the subject, gives this brief history of his composition:--'You + have it,' he says, 'as Cowley calls it, warm from the brain; it + came to me the first moment I waked this morning; yet you'll see + it was not so absolutely inspiration but that I had in my head not + only the verses of Hadrian, but the fine fragment of Sappho.' Pope + omitted to observe the close similarity of his lines to those of + Flatman, an obscure writer of the century before. Between his + rough versification and the polished elegance of Pope there can be + no comparison; but the thoughts are the same. Prior translated + Hadrian's ode with more fidelity, but less good fortune." + + HENRY H. BREEN. + + St. Lucia. + + +DERIVATION OF "LONDON." + +(Vol. iv., p. 437.) + +I beg to suggest that the word _London_ is derived from the Celtic +_Luan_, "the moon," and _dun_, "a city on a hill;" thus _Luandun_ would +mean "the city of the moon," _i.e._ of "the temple of the moon." I have +seen it stated somewhere, that the site of St. Paul's was formerly that +of a temple of Diana: if this be true, it gives weight to my definition +of the word. I would also suggest that the name of _Greenwich_ is +indicative of the religious worship of the ancient people of Britain; as +_Grian_ is "the sun" in Celtic, and no doubt Greenwich could boast of +its "Grynean grove." + + "His tibi Grynæi nemoris dicatur origo: + Ne quis sit lucus, quo se plus jactet Apollo." + + FRANCIS CROSSLEY. + +M. C. E. is referred to the two following passages from Fuller, if he +has not already met with them:-- + + "That it was so termed from _Lan Dian_, a temple of Diana + (standing where now St. Paul's doth) is most likely, in my + opinion."--_Worthies_, art. "London." + + "This renders their conceit not unlikely who will have London so + called from _Llan Dian_, which signifieth in British, 'the temple + of Diana.'"--_Church History_, i. § 2. + + J. EASTWOOD. + +The name of _London_ is certainly older than the Romans, and is +probably, therefore, as your correspondent says, British. Its +significance, if any, therefore, is to be sought in Welsh. Now, your +correspondent is certainly quite wrong as to the meaning of _Llan_ in +Welsh. It always means, here at any rate, _church_, not _plain_. +Possibly your correspondent was thinking of _Llano_. The word is written +in Welsh _Llyndon_, or _Llyndain_, which also speaks against its being +compounded with _Llan_. The word certainly _might_ mean anything: but I +know of no satisfactory explanation having been given for it as yet. The +only words for _town_ in Welsh are, I believe, _tre_ "city," or _caer_ +"castle,"--as parts of compound words, I mean. + + SC. + + Carmarthen. + +I cannot think that M. C. E.'s etymology of _London_ is a correct one; +nor did I know that the British _Llan_ means a "level place generally." +I take it that originally _Llan_ meant no more than "an inclosure," as +we see in _winllan_, "a vineyard," "an inclosure for vines;" _perllan_, +"an orchard" (literally a pear-yard). As churchyards were probably for +some time almost the only inclosures in their districts, this will +explain why the names of churches in Wales so commonly begin with +_Llan_. Llanvair, Llanilltid, Llandilo, &c. were the _inclosures_, or +yards, in which churches dedicated to St. Mary, St. Iltyd, St. Teilo, +&c. were built, though in the course of time these names became applied +to the churches themselves. The word _don_ is nothing more than _din_, +or _dinas_, "a fortress," as we see in Lugdunum, Virodunum, Londinium, +Dumbarton, Dunmore, &c. + +Old chroniclers say that the city of London was nearly, if not entirely, +surrounded by water, which on the north, north-east, and south sides +spread out into considerable lakes. Present names of localities in and +about the City show traces of this. Finsbury and Moorfields take their +names from the fens and moors, or meres, which were partially reclaimed +from the lake which spread to the north and north-east, almost from the +city wall. To the south the Thames extended far beyond its present +boundary, forming an extensive lake. _Fen_church Street, _Turnmill_ +Street, _Fleet_ Street, show that there were streams and fens to the +east and west. + +Bearing in mind that British names were generally descriptive of the +locality, may not the situation of old London furnish a clue to its +etymology? Was not London then truly and descriptively _Llyn-dun_, or +_Llin-dun_, the fortified place or fortress in or on the _lyn_ or lake? + + CUDYN GWYN. + + +Replies to Minor Queries. + +_Legend of the Robin Redbreast_ (Vol. ii., p. 164.).--The following +beautiful legend of the Robin Redbreast, which I have just met with, was +quite new to me. If you think it likely to be so to T. Y. or any other +of your readers, you will perhaps find a place for it. + + "_Eusebia._--Like that sweet superstition current in Brittany, + which would explain the cause why the robin redbreast has always + been a favourite and _protégé_ of man. While our Saviour was + bearing HIS cross, one of these birds, they say, took one thorn + from HIS crown, which dyed its breast; and ever since that time + robin redbreasts have been the friends of man."--_Communications + with the Unseen World_, p. 26. + + W. FRASER. + +_Monk and Cromwell_ (Vol. iv., p. 381.).--Will your correspondent state +by what _intermarriage_ the estate granted to the Duke of Albemarle, +vested in Oliver Cromwell, who died in 1821; and how, if he knows, it +departed from Monk? If acquired by purchase from the successors of Monk, +the interest ceases. + + G. + +_Souling_ (Vol. iv., p. 381.).--The custom of "souling", described by +MR. W. FRASER, is carried on with great zeal and energy in this +neighbourhood on All Souls' Day. The song which the children sing is +exactly the same as MR. FRASER gives, with the exception of the second +verse. In the evening, grown persons go round singing and collecting +contributions from house to house. It is universally believed in this +neighbourhood to be a remnant of the old custom of begging money, to be +applied to the purpose of procuring masses for the souls of the dead. + + LEWIS EVANS. + + Sandbach, Cheshire. + +_Clekit House_ (Vol. iv., p. 473.).--With reference to this Query, I beg +to suggest the following explanation. In Scotland, a _cleek_ signifies a +hook; and to _cleek_, is to hook or join together: thus, a lady and +gentleman walking arm-in-arm are said to be _cleekit_ together. The word +is in full use at present, and has been so for centuries; and I think it +not improbable that at the time the will referred to was written, the +word might be common to both countries. On this supposition the meaning +would be, that the "two tenements" communicated with each other in some +way--probably by a bridge thrown across--so as to form _one_ house, +which obtained its name from their being thus joined or _cleekit_ +together. + + J. S. B. + +_Peter Talbot_ (Vol. iv., pp. 239. 458.).--The biography of this +individual, who was the titular prelate presiding over the see of Dublin +from 1669 to 1680, is given very fully in D'Alton's _Memoirs of the +Archbishops of Dublin_. + + R. + +_Races in which Children, &c._ (Vol. iv., p. 442.).--When consulting my +Lexicon this morning, I met under "Ἀπὸ" with the following, +καλέουσι ἀπὸ τῶν μητέρων ἑωϋτοὺς, they name themselves after, +or from their mothers, Herodot. i. 173. Not having the work, I am unable +to pursue the search; but perhaps the reference may assist THEOPHYLACT +in his inquiry. + + J. V. S. + + Sydenham. + +For the information of THEOPHYLACT, I transcribe the following passage +from Johnson's _Selections from the Mahabharat_, p. 67. The note is from +the pen of Professor Wilson:-- + + "Among the Bhotias a family of brothers has a wife in common; and + we can scarcely question the object of the arrangement, when the + unproductive region which these people occupy is considered.... + What led to its adoption by the Nair tribe in Malabar is not so + easy to conjecture. At present its object seems to be to preserve + the purity of descent, which it is thought is more secure on the + female than on the male side; and accordingly, the child claims + property, or even the Raj, not through his father, but his + mother." + + RECHABITE. + +_Bacon a Poet_ (Vol. iv., p. 474.).--Whether Lord Bacon was, or was not, +the author of the well-known lines noted and queried by R. CS., I will +leave the intended editor of Hackneyed Quotations to decide, hoping that +he will soon make his appearance as public umpire in all such cases. + +Whether Lord Bacon was, or was not, really _a poet_, I will leave to the +decision of those who are conversant with the glorious works of his mind +_and imagination_. + +But I have something to say to the note with which R. CS. follows up his +query:--"Sir Nicholas Bacon, Lord Bacon, and Bacon the Sculptor, are the +only conspicuous men of the name, and none of them, that I know, wrote +verses." + +This must not go unchallenged in the truthful pages of "NOTES AND +QUERIES." "Pray, Sir," said a lady to me once, with a very complimentary +air, "though no great Latin scholar, may I not judge by your name that +you are a descendant of THE GREAT FRIAR BACON?" To which I could only +reply, "Madam, I have never yet discovered the bend sinister on our +escutcheon." From that proud moment I have been penetrated with the +profoundest respect for the name of Roger; and I cannot patiently see +the biggest pig of our sty namelessly consigned to oblivion in the pages +of "NOTES AND QUERIES". Pray assure R. CS. that the three Bacons of whom +he makes mention are _not_ "the only conspicuous men of the name." And +as to the rest, "none of them that I know wrote verses," I beg to refer +him to Lord Bacon's _Metrical Version of the Psalms_, vol. iv. p. 489. +of his Works, ed. 1740. + + PORCULUS. + +Was not the _poet_ Bacon, quoted by Boswell, the Rev. Phannel Bacon, +D.D., Rector of Balden in Oxfordshire, and Vicar of Bramber in Sussex, +who died January 2, 1783? He was not only an admirable poet, but was a +famous punster, and is described as possessing an admirable fund of +humour. + + MYFANWY. + +_Story referred to by Jeremy Taylor_ (Vol. iv., p. 326.).--Unless the +_Legenda Aurea_ be prior in date to the twelfth century, I can refer +your correspondent to a still earlier authority for the tale in +question--Wace (_Life of St. Nicholas_), in whose pages it appears more +at length, but substantially the same. + +According to (I presume) the earlier historian, the case was brought +within the jurisdiction of St. Nicholas by the "ieueu" receiving an +image of the saint in pledge, and the debtor taking his expurgatory oath +thereon. + +The story is told of a saint who lived in the fourth century, and we +may, at all events, consider it as being much older than Wace himself. + + F. I. + +_Share of Presbyters in Ordination_ (Vol. iv., p. 273.).--As a +contribution towards answering MR. GATTY'S question, I send the +following extract from Hooker: + + "Here it will perhaps be objected, that the power of ordination + itself was not everywhere peculiar and proper unto bishops, as may + be seen by a council of Carthage, which showeth their church's + order to have been, that presbyters should, together with the + bishop, lay hands upon the ordained. But doth it therefore follow + that the power of ordination was not principally and originally in + the bishop?... With us, even at this day, presbyters are licensed + to do as much as that council speaketh of, _if any be + present_."--_Eccl. Pol._ b. vii, c. vi. 5. vol. iii. pp. 207-8. + ed. Keble, 1836. + + J. C. R. + +_Weever's Funeral Monument_ (Vol. iv., p. 474.).--Weever was buried in +the old church of St. James, Clerkenwell, which was formerly part of the +Priory called _Ecclesia Beatæ Mariæ de Fonte Clericorum_, for nuns of +the order of St. Benedict. The inscription, on a plate shaped to a +pillar near the chancel, has been preserved by Stow, in his _Survey of +London_, p. 900., 1633; and by Strype, in his edition of the _Survey of +London_, book iv. p. 65. Fuller, in his _Church History_, vol. ii p. +208., edit. 1840, informs us that-- + + "Weever died in London in the fifty-sixth year of his age, and was + buried in St. James, Clerkenwell, where he appointed this epitaph + for himself: + + "'Lancashire gave me breath + And Cambridge education, + Middlesex gave me death + And this church my humation. + And Christ to me hath given + A place with him in heaven.' + + "The certain date of his death I cannot attain; but, by proportion, + I collect it to be about the year of our Lord 1634." + +The date supplied by Storer, in his _History of Clerkenwell_, p. 186., +is "Anno Domini 1632." The epitaph given by Fuller, Strype has appended +to the original inscription. Mr. Storer adds: + + "When the church was taken down, the Society of Antiquaries gave + orders for a diligent search to be made after this tablet, but + without success; which is accounted for by a correspondent in the + _Gentleman's Magazine_ [see vol. lviii. part 2. p. 600.], that it + had been stolen a few years previously, but was perfectly + remembered by an inhabitant to have occupied the situation which + has been described." + + J. Y. + + Hoxton. + +_Dial Motto at Karlsbad_ (Vol. iv., p. 471.).--I doubt not the accuracy +of Sir Nicholas Tindal's copy of the inscription, but I suspect that the +painter of the red capitals made a mistake, and that the _d_ in the word +_cedit_ should have been the red letter instead of the _e_; if so, the +chronogram would be as follows M.DCCVVVVIIIIIIIII, _i.e._ 1729. + + H. F. + +The red letters undoubtedly compose a chronogram; E in such compositions +represents 250. The date is therefore A.D. 1480. + + E. H. D. D. + +_Cabal_ (Vol. iv., p. 443.).--The word "cabal" occurs in two different +senses in _Hudibras_; but I have only before me the Edinburgh edition of +1779, and so cannot tell whether Butler used it at a date previous to +that assigned to its coinage by Burnet. _Hudibras_ was written before +the Restoration, at all events; but I have no opportunity of consulting +the first edition, which was well known for ten years before the _Cabal_ +of 1672. + + "For mystic learning, wondrous able, + In magic talisman and _cabal_." + + _Hudibras_, Part I. Canto I. 529. + +Upon which I find this learned note:-- + + "Raymund Lully interprets _cabal_ out of the Arabic, to signify + Scientia superabundans, which his commentator, Cornelius Agrippa, + by over-magnifying, has rendered 'a very superfluous foppery.' + Vid. J. Pici, _Mirandulæ de Magia et Cabala_, Apol. tome i. pp. + 110. 111.; Sir Walter Raleigh's _History of the World_, part i, + book i. p. 67., edit. 1614; Purchas' _Pilgrims_, part ii. lib. + vi. pp. 796, 797, 798.; Scot's _Discovery of Witchcraft_, cap. + xi.; Dee's _Book of Spirits, with Dr. Meric Casaubon's Preface_; + Churchill's _Voyages, &c._, vol. ii. p. 528., second edition; + Bailey's _Dictionary_, folio edition, under the word 'cabala;' + Jacob's _Law Dictionary_, under the word 'cabal;' and _British + Librarian_, No. 6. for June, 1737, p. 340." + +The other instance I am adducing gives us "cabal" in its common +acceptation:-- + + "Set up committees of _cabals_ + To pack designs without the walls." + + Part III. Canto II. 945. + +I again copy a note from Dr. Grey:-- + + "A sneer probably upon Clifford, Ashley, Burlington, Arlington, + Lauderdale, who were called the CABAL in King Charles II.'s time, + from the initial letters of their names.--See _Echard_, vol. iii. + p. 251." + +Your correspondent E. H. D. D. may be glad of these two quotations, and +I quite agree with him in ascribing an earlier date than that mentioned +by Burnet to the word "cabal" in the sense of "a secret council." The +transition from its original sense was easy and natural, and the +application to King Charles's confidential advisers ingenious. + + RT. + + Warmington. + +_Rectitudines Singularum Personarum_ (Vol. iv., p. 442.).--In reply to +the inquiries of H. C. C., let me refer him to pp. xi. and xxv. of the +preface and list of MSS. in vol. i. of the _Ancient Laws, &c. of +England_, edited by Mr. Thorpe, under the direction of the late Record +Commission. He will there find that the real MS. site of that document +is stated to be in the library of Corpus Christi, Cambridge, and to be +of the date of the tenth century. It is not stated upon what ground so +early a date is assigned to it; but as so competent a judge as the +editor seems to give that date without any expression of doubt, we may +presume that there is satisfactory proof of the fact. I do not observe +the document mentioned in Wanley's catalogue, and Nasmith's more recent +one is not at hand to refer to. The matter contained in it does not (at +least in my judgment) _necessarily_ indicate so early a date, inasmuch +as parallel, and even identical, rights and customs, connected with the +_status_ of persons and tenure of land, were in active existence at a +much later period of our history. It would certainly be more +satisfactory to know the precise grounds, whether extrinsic or +intrinsic, on which the date has been fixed. + +With regard to the old Latin version, I will not undertake to vindicate +it except against _one_ of the criticisms of H. C. C. He objects that +_læden_ is translated _minare_. The word "minare" is used in the +translation twice, once for _driving_, and once for _leading_; and I +question whether the translator could have found a more appropriate word +to serve this double purpose than the authentic verb _menare_ or +_minare_, from which the French _mener_ has been derived. + +I cannot so easily justify him for translating "bôc-riht" by "rectitudo +testamenti;" yet as the power of testamentary disposition was one of the +most signal attributes of bôc-riht, I cannot say that he has much +misrepresented the import of the original word. + +The document, which is evidently a private compilation, seems to be a +custumal, or coustumier, of a district, or some considerable portion of +the country. The German lawyers would call the collection a landrecht in +one sense of that term, or, as the translator has called it, a +"landirectum." The heading is by no means an appropriate one. Whether +the writer intended to compile a code of the customs and obligations of +land tenure, free and unfree, coextensive with the Saxon name, or merely +to represent those of a certain district with which he happened to be +acquainted, is a matter open to question. + +H. C. C. is perhaps not aware that the document has been examined, +corrected, translated into German, and made the subject of a very +masterly dissertation, by Dr. Heinrich Leo, of Halle. It is frequently +referred to by Lappenberg in his _Anglo-Saxon History_, and became known +(at least in the translation) to Sir H. Ellis in time to make copious +extracts from it in the second volume of his _Introduction to Domesday_. + + E. S. + +_Stanzas in Childe Harold_ (Vol. iv, pp. 223. 285. 323.).--In reply to +T. W. I will merely refer him and your other correspondents upon this +subject to page 391. of Moore's _Life of Byron_, 1 vol. edition, 1844, +where will be found this passage, in Letter 323, addressed to Mr. +Murray:-- + + "What does 'thy waters _wasted_ them' mean (in the Canto)? _That + is not me._ Consult the MS. always." + +I am fully aware this will not interpret the meaning of the passage, but +it will go far to satisfy your correspondents that their emendations and +suggestions do not completely answer Lord Byron's query in the letter +referred to by + + LEON. + + London. + +_The Island and Temple of Ægina_ (Vol. iv., pp. 255. 412.).--Having +been, some time since, greatly pleased by a fine engraving of the ruined +Temple of Jupiter Panhellenius in Ægina (but unaccompanied by any +description), and having had a well executed water-colour drawing made +therefrom, my interest was aroused on the subject, and I searched among +books within reach for particulars on the subject of what there seems +every reason to regard as the oldest temple in Greece, with the single +exception of that of Corinth. After a patient search I found Fosbroke's +_Foreign Topography_ (4to. edition, 1828, pp. 3, 4, 5.) to contain the +best account of those interesting ruins. The work is not a scarce one +in good libraries: I shall therefore be concise in the extracts from it. +The article entitled "Ægina (Greece)" states that the remains of the +Temple of Jupiter Panhellenius (which are engraved in the _Ionian +Antiquities_) prove it to have been of the Doric order; that it had six +columns in front, but only twelve on the side, in opposition to the +usual custom among Greek architects of adding one column more than +double the number of those in front. The architecture is said closely to +approach that of the hexastyle hypæthral Temple of Pæstum. Williams, in +his _Travels_, expresses the opinion that this Temple of Jupiter is +older than that of Theseus or the Parthenon. In Dodwell's _Greece_, too, +there is an ample description of it. He represents it to have been part +of the ruins of an ancient city, perhaps of Oië. Twenty-five columns +were left entire in his day; together with the greater part of the +epistylion, or architrave. The cornice, however, with the metopæ and +triglyphs, have all fallen. The view of this gloriously positioned +temple must have been magnificent from the sea; while the details of the +building must have been equally delighting to the near spectator. The +temple was built of soft porous stone, coated with a thin stucco, which +must have given it a marble appearance. The epistylia were painted, and +the cornice elegantly ornamented in a similar manner. The pavement was +also covered with a thick stucco, painted vermilion. Chandler (_Greece_, +12-15.) describes traces of the peribolus of this temple; and Clarke +styles it at once the most ancient and remarkable in Greece. I may add +that the Æginetans were celebrated for their works in bronze, for fine +medals (the art of coining money indeed being first introduced by the +inhabitants of this island), for their terra cotta vases, &c. Fosbroke's +excellent _Cyclopædia of Antiquities_ may be with advantage consulted in +respect to the Eginetic school of art. + + J. J. S. + + The Cloisters, Temple. + +_Herschel Anticipated_ (Vol. iv., p. 233.).--I cannot inform ÆGROTUS who +was declared to be mad for believing the sun's motion, but Herschel was +anticipated by Lalande (_Mémoires_, 1776), who inferred it from the +sun's rotation; also by Professor Wilson, of Glasgow (_Thoughts on +Universal Gravitation_, 1777), and, earlier than these, by the Rev. Mr. +Michell, in _Philosophical Transactions_, 1767. Mayer (_De Motu +Fixarum_, 1760) mentions the hypothesis, and rejects it. + + ALTRON. + +_Wyle Cop_ (Vol. iv., pp. 116. 243.).--_Cop_ is not a _hill_ or _head_, +as Mr. Lawrence supposes, and as the word certainly signifies in some +parts of England, but a _bank_. The artificial banks which confine the +Dee at and below Chester were called fifty years ago, and I dare say are +still called, _Cops_, with distinctive names. By SALOPIAN'S account, +_Wyle Cop_ is such a bank. I cannot explain _Wyle_, but think it +probable that it was the name of some former proprietor of the ground. +It however no more needs explanation than if it were joined to _Street_ +or _Lane_, instead of to _Cop_. + + E. H. D. D. + +_Macfarlane Manuscripts_ (Vol. iv., p. 406.).--In reply to your +correspondent ANTIQUARIENSIS, I have to inform you that the "Macfarlane +Collections" preserved in the Advocates' Library, Edinburgh, are chiefly +of an "ecclesiastic nature." In Turnbull's _Fragmenta Scoto-Monastica_, +published by Stevenson of Edinburgh, 1842, I find it stated that-- + + "Mr. Walter Macfarlan of Macfarlan (_Scoticè_, of that Ilk) was an + eminent antiquary, who devoted his attentions strictly to the + historical monuments of his own country, especially the + ecclesiastic remains. He caused to be made, at his own expense, by + his clerk, one Tait, copies of most of the chartularies accessible + in his time. These are distinguished for their fidelity and + neatness. Mr. Macfarlan died 5th June, 1767, and his MSS. were + purchased by the Faculty of Advocates." + +Of these valuable and highly important chartularies there has been +printed, 1. Aberdeen; 2. Arbroath; 3. Balmerino; 4. Dryburgh; 5. +Dunfermline; 6. Kelso; 7. Lindores; 8. Melros; 9. Moray; 10. St. +Andrews; and 11. Scone. + +According to Douglas, in his _Baronage of Scotland_, folio, 1798-- + + "Mr. Macfarlane was a man of parts, learning, and knowledge, a + most ingenious antiquary, and by far the best genealogist of his + time. He was possessed of the most valuable collection of + materials for a work of this kind of any man in the kingdom, which + he collected with great judgment, and at a considerable expense, + and to which we always had, and still have, free access. This + sufficiently appears by the many quotations from Macfarlane's + collections, both in the Peerage and Baronage of Scotland. In + short, he was a man of great benevolence, an agreeable companion, + and a sincere friend. + + "He married Lady Elizabeth Erskine, daughter of Alexander, sixth + earl of Kelly, and died without issue in June, 1767." + +In the year 1846 there was engraved at the expense of W. B. C. C. +Turnbull, Esq., advocate, a fine portrait of Macfarlane, from the +original painting in the Library of the Society of Scottish Antiquaries. +Of this plate it is believed that only a few "proofs upon India paper" +were thrown off for presents. + + T. G. S. + + Edinburgh. + + + + +Miscellaneous. + + +NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC. + +When Heminge and Condell put forth the first folio of Shakspeare in +1623, as if with a fine prescience of the immortal fame which was +destined to await the writings of their "so worthy Friend and Fellow," +they addressed the volume to all, "from the most able to him that can +but read." And it is obvious from the moderate price at which it has +been issued, that the proprietor of the handsome one-volume edition +which has just appeared under the title of _The Lansdowne Shakspeare_ +looks for purchasers within the same wide range. The book is indeed well +calculated to win favour from all classes. The text, which is based on +that of Collier, compared with that of the first folio and the editions +of Steevens, Malone, Knight, &c., is clearly and distinctly printed; the +names of the characters being given, not only at full length, and in the +middle of the page, but also in red ink. The stage directions are +distinguished in the like manner. It has, moreover, the Dedicatory +Address and Commendatory Verses from the original edition; and, what +certainly deserves especial mention, an admirable facsimile by Robinson +of the portrait by Droeshout, which, on the authority of Ben Jonson's +well-known declaration, that it was a work-- + + "Wherein the Graver had a strife + With Nature, to out doo the life: + O could he but have drawne his wit + _As well in brasse as he hath hit + His face_; the Print would then surpasse + All that was ever writ in brasse"-- + +is by many regarded as the most authentic portrait of the great poet. +Altogether, therefore, _The Lansdowne Shakspeare_ is a beautiful book, +and well deserves to be both the library and travelling companion of +every lover of poetry--of every student of Shakspeare. + +Our correspondent, Dr. Henry, has published a miscellaneous volume under +the title of _Unripe Windfalls_, which consists of some amusing _vers de +société_--a Letter addressed to ourselves, containing some very +trenchant criticism on the obscurities of Lord Byron; and, lastly, some +specimens of Dr. Henry's _Virgilian Commentaries_, some few of which +have appeared in our columns. This fact, coupled with the letter +addressed to ourselves, must preclude us from speaking of the volume in +those terms of commendation which we should otherwise have felt it right +to employ. + +_Outlines of Comparative Physiology touching the Structure and +Development of the Races of Animals Living and Extinct_, by L. Agassiz +and A. A. Gould, _edited from the Revised Edition and greatly enlarged_ +by T. Wright, M.D., is the new issue of Bohn's _Scientific Library_. The +present volume forms the first part of the _Principles of Zoology_, +which was designed by Professor Agassiz, in conjunction with Mr. Gould, +as a text book for the use of the higher schools and colleges, for +which, as the editor remarks, it is well adapted from its simplicity of +style, clearness of arrangement, and its important and comprehensive +range of subjects. In the present edition the woodcut illustrations have +been increased from 170 to 390, thereby adding greatly to the value of a +work which is well calculated to furnish the general reader with +trustworthy information upon the matter to which it relates. + +BOOKS RECEIVED.--_The Literary and Scientific Register and Almanac for +1852_, edited by J. W. G. Gutch, puts forth this--its eleventh +appearance--with increased claims to public favour in the shape of many +important additions and improvements, in the great mass of condensed +information which it contains. _The Orations of M. T. Cicero literally +translated by_ C. D. Yonge, B.A. _Vol. I. containing the Orations for +Quintius, Sextus Roscius, Quintus Roscius, against Quintius Cæcilius and +against Verres_, is the new volume of Bohn's _Classical Library_. The +fifth volume of _Neander's General History of the Christian Religion and +Church_ (of the value of which we have already spoken) forms the new +issue of the same enterprising publisher's _Standard Library_. + + +BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES + +WANTED TO PURCHASE. + +A SERMON preached at Fulham in 1810 by the REV. JOHN OWEN of Paglesham, +on the death of Mrs. Prowse, Wicken Park, Northamptonshire (Hatchard). + +FÜSSLEIN, JOH. CONRAD, BEYTRÄGE ZUR ERLÄUTERUNG DER +KIRCHEN-REFORMATIONS-GESCHICHTE DES SCHWEITZERLANDES. 5 Vols. Zurich, +1741. + + [Star symbol] Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, + _carriage free_, to be sent to MR. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND + QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street. + + +Notices to Correspondents. + +PERMANENT ENLARGEMENT OF "NOTES AND QUERIES."--_In compliance with the +suggestion of many of our correspondents, and for the purpose of giving +more ready insertion to the Replies which we receive to their Queries, +we propose to enlarge our Paper permanently to 24 pages; making it 32 +pages when occasion requires. This change, called for moreover by the +increase of our correspondence consequent on our increased circulation, +will take place on_ SATURDAY NEXT, _the 3rd of January, when we shall +commence our_ Fifth Volume. _From that day the price of our paper will +be 4d. for the unstamped, and 5d. for stamped copies. By this +arrangement we shall render unnecessary the double or Sixpenny Numbers +now issued nearly every month; thus avoiding a good deal of occasional +confusion, and rendering the price of the enlarged_ "NOTES AND QUERIES" +_for the whole year very little more than it is at present._ + +CAN. EBOR. _shall have early attention._ + +THE REV. JAMES GRAVES _requests us to express his obligations to_ MR. +D'ALTON _for information respecting the Hothams, from the collections_ +MR. D'ALTON _has made for illustrating the history of nearly 3,000 +families._ + +THEOPHYLACT. _How can we address a letter to this correspondent?_ + +S. WMSON. _The passages referred to are not in_ Richard the Third _as +written by Shakspeare, but in Cibber's adaptation of that play._ + +GRIMALDI'S ORIGINES GENEALOGICÆ. _A copy of this in good condition may +be had of our Publisher._ + +REPLIES RECEIVED.--_Tregonwell Frampton--Wady Mokatteb--General +Wolfe--Alterius Orbis Papa--Three Estates of the Realm--Mirabilis +Liber--There is no Mistake--Lines on the Bible--Passage in +Goldsmith--Suicides buried in Cross Roads--Biographical Dictionary--Hell +paved, &c.--The Broad Arrow--Nelson's Signal--Roman Index +Expurgatorius--Bogatzky's Golden Treasury--Christianity in the +Orkneys--Nolo Episcopari--Abigail--Cimmerii--Catterick for +Cattraeth--Cockney--Verses in Latin Prose Writers--Dial at +Karlsbad--Marshal's Distribution of Hours--Notes on Virgil--Quaker +Bible._ + +_Errata._--Page 437, col. 2. l. 32. for "the signatures run to _pages_ +in eights," read "the signatures run to Pp. in eights;" p. 487, col. 1. +l. 7 from bottom, for "MAGISTVM," read "MAGIST_R_VM." + + + + +BEAUTIFUL CHRISTMAS and NEW-YEAR'S GIFT. 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LOUIS NAPOLEON BUONAPARTE. + + JOHN MURRAY, Albemarle Street. + + +This day is published, neatly bound in cloth, gilt edges, 4_s._ 6_d._ + + THE MOTHER'S LEGACIE + TO HER + UNBORNE CHILDE. + + BY ELIZABETH JOCELINE. + + Reprinted from the Edition of 1625, with a Biographical and + Historical Introduction. + + WILLIAM BLACKWOOD & SONS, Edinburgh and London. + + +Just published, 8vo. cloth, pp. 240, price 10_s._ 6_d._ handsomely +printed on fine paper at the Dublin University Press, + + THE UNRIPE WINDFALLS IN PROSE AND VERSE of JAMES HENRY, M.D. + + CONTENTS: Miscellaneous Poems; Criticism on the style of Lord + Byron, in a Letter to the Editor of "NOTES AND QUERIES;" Specimen + of Virgilian Commentaries; Specimen of a New Metrical Translation + of Eneis. + + London: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street. + + + + +Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5. New +Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London, and +published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish of St. +Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet +Street aforesaid.--Saturday, December 27, 1851. + + + + + [List of volumes and pages in "Notes and Queries", Vol. I-IV] + + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Notes and Queries Vol. I. | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 1 | November 3, 1849 | 1 - 17 | PG # 8603 | + | Vol. I No. 2 | November 10, 1849 | 18 - 32 | PG # 11265 | + | Vol. I No. 3 | November 17, 1849 | 33 - 46 | PG # 11577 | + | Vol. I No. 4 | November 24, 1849 | 49 - 63 | PG # 13513 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 5 | December 1, 1849 | 65 - 80 | PG # 11636 | + | Vol. I No. 6 | December 8, 1849 | 81 - 95 | PG # 13550 | + | Vol. I No. 7 | December 15, 1849 | 97 - 112 | PG # 11651 | + | Vol. I No. 8 | December 22, 1849 | 113 - 128 | PG # 11652 | + | Vol. I No. 9 | December 29, 1849 | 130 - 144 | PG # 13521 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 10 | January 5, 1850 | 145 - 160 | PG # | + | Vol. I No. 11 | January 12, 1850 | 161 - 176 | PG # 11653 | + | Vol. I No. 12 | January 19, 1850 | 177 - 192 | PG # 11575 | + | Vol. I No. 13 | January 26, 1850 | 193 - 208 | PG # 11707 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 14 | February 2, 1850 | 209 - 224 | PG # 13558 | + | Vol. I No. 15 | February 9, 1850 | 225 - 238 | PG # 11929 | + | Vol. I No. 16 | February 16, 1850 | 241 - 256 | PG # 16193 | + | Vol. I No. 17 | February 23, 1850 | 257 - 271 | PG # 12018 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 18 | March 2, 1850 | 273 - 288 | PG # 13544 | + | Vol. I No. 19 | March 9, 1850 | 289 - 309 | PG # 13638 | + | Vol. I No. 20 | March 16, 1850 | 313 - 328 | PG # 16409 | + | Vol. I No. 21 | March 23, 1850 | 329 - 343 | PG # 11958 | + | Vol. I No. 22 | March 30, 1850 | 345 - 359 | PG # 12198 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 23 | April 6, 1850 | 361 - 376 | PG # 12505 | + | Vol. I No. 24 | April 13, 1850 | 377 - 392 | PG # 13925 | + | Vol. I No. 25 | April 20, 1850 | 393 - 408 | PG # 13747 | + | Vol. I No. 26 | April 27, 1850 | 409 - 423 | PG # 13822 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 27 | May 4, 1850 | 425 - 447 | PG # 13712 | + | Vol. I No. 28 | May 11, 1850 | 449 - 463 | PG # 13684 | + | Vol. I No. 29 | May 18, 1850 | 465 - 479 | PG # 15197 | + | Vol. I No. 30 | May 25, 1850 | 481 - 495 | PG # 13713 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Notes and Queries Vol. II. | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 31 | June 1, 1850 | 1- 15 | PG # 12589 | + | Vol. II No. 32 | June 8, 1850 | 17- 32 | PG # 15996 | + | Vol. II No. 33 | June 15, 1850 | 33- 48 | PG # 26121 | + | Vol. II No. 34 | June 22, 1850 | 49- 64 | PG # 22127 | + | Vol. II No. 35 | June 29, 1850 | 65- 79 | PG # 22126 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 36 | July 6, 1850 | 81- 96 | PG # 13361 | + | Vol. II No. 37 | July 13, 1850 | 97-112 | PG # 13729 | + | Vol. II No. 38 | July 20, 1850 | 113-128 | PG # 13362 | + | Vol. II No. 39 | July 27, 1850 | 129-143 | PG # 13736 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 40 | August 3, 1850 | 145-159 | PG # 13389 | + | Vol. II No. 41 | August 10, 1850 | 161-176 | PG # 13393 | + | Vol. II No. 42 | August 17, 1850 | 177-191 | PG # 13411 | + | Vol. II No. 43 | August 24, 1850 | 193-207 | PG # 13406 | + | Vol. II No. 44 | August 31, 1850 | 209-223 | PG # 13426 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 45 | September 7, 1850 | 225-240 | PG # 13427 | + | Vol. II No. 46 | September 14, 1850 | 241-256 | PG # 13462 | + | Vol. II No. 47 | September 21, 1850 | 257-272 | PG # 13936 | + | Vol. II No. 48 | September 28, 1850 | 273-288 | PG # 13463 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 49 | October 5, 1850 | 289-304 | PG # 13480 | + | Vol. II No. 50 | October 12, 1850 | 305-320 | PG # 13551 | + | Vol. II No. 51 | October 19, 1850 | 321-351 | PG # 15232 | + | Vol. II No. 52 | October 26, 1850 | 353-367 | PG # 22624 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 53 | November 2, 1850 | 369-383 | PG # 13540 | + | Vol. II No. 54 | November 9, 1850 | 385-399 | PG # 22138 | + | Vol. II No. 55 | November 16, 1850 | 401-415 | PG # 15216 | + | Vol. II No. 56 | November 23, 1850 | 417-431 | PG # 15354 | + | Vol. II No. 57 | November 30, 1850 | 433-454 | PG # 15405 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 58 | December 7, 1850 | 457-470 | PG # 21503 | + | Vol. II No. 59 | December 14, 1850 | 473-486 | PG # 15427 | + | Vol. II No. 60 | December 21, 1850 | 489-502 | PG # 24803 | + | Vol. II No. 61 | December 28, 1850 | 505-524 | PG # 16404 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Notes and Queries Vol. III. | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 62 | January 4, 1851 | 1- 15 | PG # 15638 | + | Vol. III No. 63 | January 11, 1851 | 17- 31 | PG # 15639 | + | Vol. III No. 64 | January 18, 1851 | 33- 47 | PG # 15640 | + | Vol. III No. 65 | January 25, 1851 | 49- 78 | PG # 15641 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 66 | February 1, 1851 | 81- 95 | PG # 22339 | + | Vol. III No. 67 | February 8, 1851 | 97-111 | PG # 22625 | + | Vol. III No. 68 | February 15, 1851 | 113-127 | PG # 22639 | + | Vol. III No. 69 | February 22, 1851 | 129-159 | PG # 23027 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 70 | March 1, 1851 | 161-174 | PG # 23204 | + | Vol. III No. 71 | March 8, 1851 | 177-200 | PG # 23205 | + | Vol. III No. 72 | March 15, 1851 | 201-215 | PG # 23212 | + | Vol. III No. 73 | March 22, 1851 | 217-231 | PG # 23225 | + | Vol. III No. 74 | March 29, 1851 | 233-255 | PG # 23282 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 75 | April 5, 1851 | 257-271 | PG # 23402 | + | Vol. III No. 76 | April 12, 1851 | 273-294 | PG # 26896 | + | Vol. III No. 77 | April 19, 1851 | 297-311 | PG # 26897 | + | Vol. III No. 78 | April 26, 1851 | 313-342 | PG # 26898 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 79 | May 3, 1851 | 345-359 | PG # 26899 | + | Vol. III No. 80 | May 10, 1851 | 361-382 | PG # 32495 | + | Vol. III No. 81 | May 17, 1851 | 385-399 | PG # 29318 | + | Vol. III No. 82 | May 24, 1851 | 401-415 | PG # 28311 | + | Vol. III No. 83 | May 31, 1851 | 417-440 | PG # 36835 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 84 | June 7, 1851 | 441-472 | PG # 37379 | + | Vol. III No. 85 | June 14, 1851 | 473-488 | PG # 37403 | + | Vol. III No. 86 | June 21, 1851 | 489-511 | PG # 37496 | + | Vol. III No. 87 | June 28, 1851 | 513-528 | PG # 37516 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Notes and Queries Vol. IV. | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 88 | July 5, 1851 | 1- 15 | PG # 37548 | + | Vol. IV No. 89 | July 12, 1851 | 17- 31 | PG # 37568 | + | Vol. IV No. 90 | July 19, 1851 | 33- 47 | PG # 37593 | + | Vol. IV No. 91 | July 26, 1851 | 49- 79 | PG # 37778 | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 92 | August 2, 1851 | 81- 94 | PG # 38324 | + | Vol. IV No. 93 | August 9, 1851 | 97-112 | PG # 38337 | + | Vol. IV No. 94 | August 16, 1851 | 113-127 | PG # 38350 | + | Vol. IV No. 95 | August 23, 1851 | 129-144 | PG # 38386 | + | Vol. IV No. 96 | August 30, 1851 | 145-167 | PG # 38405 | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 97 | Sept. 6, 1851 | 169-183 | PG # 38433 | + | Vol. IV No. 98 | Sept. 13, 1851 | 185-200 | PG # 38491 | + | Vol. IV No. 99 | Sept. 20, 1851 | 201-216 | PG # 38574 | + | Vol. IV No. 100 | Sept. 27, 1851 | 217-246 | PG # 38656 | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 101 | Oct. 4, 1851 | 249-264 | PG # 38701 | + | Vol. IV No. 102 | Oct. 11, 1851 | 265-287 | PG # 38773 | + | Vol. IV No. 103 | Oct. 18, 1851 | 289-303 | PG # 38864 | + | Vol. IV No. 104 | Oct. 25, 1851 | 305-333 | PG # 38926 | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 105 | Nov. 1, 1851 | 337-358 | PG # 39076 | + | Vol. IV No. 106 | Nov. 8, 1851 | 361-374 | PG # 39091 | + | Vol. IV No. 107 | Nov. 15, 1851 | 377-396 | PG # 39135 | + | Vol. IV No. 108 | Nov. 22, 1851 | 401-414 | PG # 39197 | + | Vol. IV No. 109 | Nov. 29, 1851 | 417-430 | PG # 39233 | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 110 | Dec. 6, 1851 | 433-460 | PG # 39338 | + | Vol. IV No. 111 | Dec. 13, 1851 | 465-478 | PG # 39393 | + | Vol. IV No. 112 | Dec. 20, 1851 | 481-494 | PG # 39438 | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol I. Index. [Nov. 1849-May 1850] | PG # 13536 | + | INDEX TO THE SECOND VOLUME. MAY-DEC., 1850 | PG # 13571 | + | INDEX TO THE THIRD VOLUME. JAN.-JUNE, 1851 | PG # 26770 | + +------------------------------------------------+------------+ + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number +113, December 27, 1851, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, DEC 27, 1851 *** + +***** This file should be named 39503-0.txt or 39503-0.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/3/9/5/0/39503/ + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This +file was produced from images generously made available +by The Internet Library of Early Journals.) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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