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diff --git a/39393.txt b/39393.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ace2b15 --- /dev/null +++ b/39393.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2797 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number 111, +December 13, 1851, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number 111, December 13, 1851 + A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, + Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc. + +Author: Various + +Editor: George Bell + +Release Date: April 6, 2012 [EBook #39393] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, DEC 13, 1851 *** + + + + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This +file was produced from images generously made available +by The Internet Library of Early Journals.) + + + + + +[Transcriber's note: Characters with macrons have been marked in +brackets with an equal sign, as [=e] for a letter e with a macron on +top. Underscores have been used to indicate _italic_ fonts; equal signs +indicate =bold= fonts. Original spelling variations have not been +standardized. A list of volumes and pages in "Notes and Queries" has +been added at the end.] + + + + +NOTES AND QUERIES: + +A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION + +FOR + +LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC. + +"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE. + +VOL. IV.--No. 111. SATURDAY, DECEMBER 13. 1851. + +Price Threepence. Stamped Edition 4_d._ + + + + +CONTENTS. + + Page + + + NOTES:-- + + Cowley and Gray. No. III. 465 + + Old Song: The Cuckold's Cap, by J. R. Relton 468 + + The Gododin, by Thomas Stephens 468 + + Folk Lore:--Lincolnshire Folk Lore 470 + + Minor Notes:--Modern Greek Names of Places--"There + is no mistake"--Remarkable Prophecy--The Ball that + killed Nelson--Gypsies 470 + + QUERIES:-- + + Dial Motto at Karlsbad 471 + + Suppressed Epilogue by Dryden, by Henry Campkin 472 + + Minor Queries:--Barrister--Indian Jugglers--Priory + of Hertford--Jacobus Creusius (or Crucius)--Clekit + House--Ballad on the Rising of the Vendee--Stanza on + Spenser's "Shepherd's Calendar"--Prophecy respecting + 1837--Lines on the Bible--En bon et poyer--"England + expects every man," &c.--Religious Houses in East + Sussex--Parish Registers, Right of Search, Fees + claimable--Bacon a Poet--Tregonwell Frampton--Weever + and Fuller; their Autographs wanted--Is the Badger + Amphibious? 472 + + MINOR QUERIES ANSWERED:--Royal Registers--Paul + Hoste--"Liber Mirabilis"--Saint Richard, King of + England--Saint Irene or St. Erini 474 + + REPLIES:-- + + Cockney 475 + + Replies to Minor Queries:--The Word Infortuner--Foreign + Ambassadors--Petition for the Recall from Spain of the + Duke of Wellington 476 + + MISCELLANEOUS:-- + + Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &c. 477 + + Books and Odd Volumes wanted 478 + + Notices to Correspondents 478 + + Advertisements 478 + + + + +Notes. + + +COWLEY AND GRAY, NO. III. + +Before again recurring to Gray's partiality for the poems of Cowley, I +will make a remark or two on Mr. Wakefield's edition of Gray. + +In his delightful "Ode to Adversity" Gray has written: + + "Daughter of Jove, relentless power, + Thou tamer of the human breast, + Whose _iron scourge, and tort'ring hour_, + The bad affright, afflict the best." + +Upon which Wakefield gives us this brilliant criticism: + + "'Torturing hour.' There seems to be some little impropriety and + incongruity in this. _Consistency_ of figure rather required some + _material_ image, like _iron scourge_ and _adamantine chain_." + +Afterwards he seems to speak diffidently of his own judgment, which is +rather an unusual thing in Mr. Wakefield. Well would it have been for +the reputations of Bentley, Johnson, and Wakefield, that, before +improving upon Milton and Gray and Collins, they had remembered the +words of a truly great critic, even Horace himself: + + "Sunt delicta tamen quibus ignovisse velimus: + Nam neque chorda sonum reddit quem vult manus et mens, + Poscentique gravem persaepe remittit acutum; + Nec semper feriet quodcunque minabitur arcus. + _Verum ubi plura nitent in carmine, non ego paucis + Offendar maculis, quas aut incuria fudit, + Aut humana parum cavit natura._" + + _Epist. ad Pisones_, 347. + +Not by any means that I am allowing in this case the existence of a +"macula," or an "incuria" either. To D'Israeli's _Curiosities of +Literature_ I think I am indebted for the remark, that Gray borrowed the +expressions from Milton: + + "When the _scourge_ + Inexorably, and _the torturing hour_ + Calls us to penance." + + _Par. Lost_, lib. ii. 90. + +It is therefore with Milton, and not with Gray, that Mr. Wakefield must +settle the matter. And in proof of my earnest sympathies with him during +the very unequal contest, I will console him with "proprieties," +"congruities," "consistencies of figure," and "material images," enough. + + "The lifted axe, the agonizing wheel, + Luke's iron crown, and Damien's bed of steel." + + Goldsmith's _Traveller_, ad finem. + +Or better for this purpose still: + + "Swords, daggers, bodkins, bearded arrows, spears, + Nails, pincers, crosses, gibbets, hurdles, ropes, + Tallons of griffins, paws and teeth of bears, + Tigre's and lyon's mouths, not iron hoops, + Racks, wheels, and trappados, brazen cauldrons which + Boiled with oil, huge tuns which flam'd with pitch." + + Beaumonts's _Psyche_, cant. XXII. v. 69. p. 330. + Cambridge, 1702. Folio. + +"Torturing hour" is used by Campbell in his _Pleasures of Hope_, Part +I.: + + "The martyr smiled beneath avenging power, + And braved the tyrant in his _torturing hour._" + +And, indeed, "sweetest Shakspeare, Fancy's child," had used it before +any of them: + + "Is there no play, to ease the anguish of a torturing hour." + + _Midsummer Night's Dream_, Act V. Sc. 1. + +Again, Gray writes in his truly sublime ode, "The Bard:" + + "On a rock, whose haughty brow + Frowns o'er old Conway's foaming flood, + Robed in the sable garb of woe, + With haggard eyes the poet _stood_, + (Loose his beard, and hoary hair + Stream'd, like a meteor, to the troubled air), + And with a master's hand, and prophet's fire, + Struck the deep sorrows of his lyre." + +Ordinary readers would have innocently supposed the above "pictured" +passage beyond all praise or criticism. "At non infelix" Wakefield: + + "A falcon, tow'ring in her pride of place, + Was by a mousing owl hawk'd at and kill'd." + + _Macbeth._ + +I must give his note as it stands, for I question whether the whole +range of verbal criticism could produce anything more ludicrous: + + "I wish Mr. Gray could have introduced a more poetical expression, + than the inactive term _stood_, into this fine passage: as + Shakspeare has, for instance, in his description of _Dover cliff_: + + 'Half way down + _Hangs_ one, that gathers samphire; dreadful trade!' + + _King Lear_, Act IV. Sc. 6. + + "Which is the same happy picture as that of Virgil: + + "'Dumosa _pendere_ procul de rupe videbo.' + + _Ecl._ I. 77." + +He might, when his hand was in, have adduced other passages also from +Virgil, _e.g._: + + "Imminet in rivi praestantis imaginis undam." + + _Culex_, 66. + +However, with all due respect for Mr. Wakefield's "happy pictures," I do +not see anything left, but his eyebrows, for the luckless bard to _hang +by_! He could not have _hung_ by his _hair_, which "stream'd like a +meteor to the troubled air;" nor yet by his _hands_, which "swept the +deep sorrows of his lyre." Besides, there can scarcely be more opposite +pictures than that of a man gathering samphire, or kids browsing, +amongst beetling rocks; and the commanding and awe-inspiring position in +which Gray ingeniously places his bard. The expressions chosen by +Virgil, Shakspeare, and Gray were each peculiarly suitable to the +particular objects in view. If Gray was thinking of Milton, as I +intimated in a former letter, he may have still kept him in mind: + + "Incens'd with indignation, Satan _stood_ + Unterrify'd, and like a comet burn'd, + That fires the length of Ophiuchus huge + In the Arctic sky, and from his horrid hair + Shakes pestilence and war." + + _Par. Lost_, lib. ii. 706. + +Or again: + + "On th' other side, Satan, alarm'd, + _Collecting all his might dilated stood_, + Like Teneriff or Atlas unremov'd: + His stature reach'd the sky, and on his crest + Sat Horror plum'd; nor wanted in his grasp + What seem'd both spear and shield." + + _Par. Lost_, lib. iv. 985. + +It would be easy to adduce similar instances from the ancient sources, +but I will only mention from Milton an illustration of the [Greek: +systrepsas] of Demosthenes, and of the passionate abruptness with which +Gray commences "The Bard:" + + "As when of old some orator renown'd + In Athens or free Rome, where eloquence + Flourish'd, since mute, to some great cause addressed + _Stood in himself collected_, while each part, + Motion, each act won audience ere the tongue, + _Sometimes in height began, as no delay + Of preface brooking through his zeal of right_." + + _Par. Lost_, lib. ix. 670. + +Wakefield's hypercritical fastidiousness would have completely defeated +the intentions of Gray. His "Bard" had a mission to fulfil which could +not have been fulfilled by one suspended like king Solomon, in the +ancient Jewish traditions, or like Mahomet's coffin, mid-way between +heaven and earth. His cry was [Greek: dos pou sto], and the poet heard +him. And thus, from his majestic position, was not-- + + "Every burning word he spoke + Full of rage and full of grief?" + +In the full blaze of poetic phrensy, he flashes out at once with the +awfully grand and terrible exordium: + + "Ruin seize thee, ruthless king! + Confusion on thy banners wait! + Tho' fann'd by conquest's crimson wing, + They mock the air with idle state. + Helm, nor hauberk's twisted mail, + Nor e'en thy virtues, Tyrant, shall avail + To save thy secret soul from nightly fears, + From Cambria's curse, from Cambria's tears." + +Collins thus describes the passion of _anger_: + + "Next Anger rush'd;--his eyes on fire, + In lightnings own'd his secret stings: + In one rude clash he struck the lyre, + And swept with flurried hand the strings." + +Word-painting can go no farther. When, however, he comes to +_melancholy_, in lines which contain more suggestive beauty, as well as +more poetic _inspiration_, than perhaps any others of the same length +in the English language, how does he sing? + + "With eyes upraised, as one inspired, + Pale Melancholy _sate_ retired; + And, from her wild sequester'd seat, + In notes, by distance made more sweet, + Pour'd thro' the mellow horn her pensive soul: + And, dashing soft from rocks around, + Bubbling runnels join'd the sound; + Through glades and glooms the mingled measure stole, + Or o'er some haunted stream with fond delay, + Round a holy calm diffusing, + Love of peace, and lonely musing, + In hollow murmurs died away." + + _Ode on the Passions._ + +This is the concentrated essence of poetry. Surely Gray had _forgotten_ +Collins when he penned the beautiful lines: + + "But not to one in this benighted age, + Is that diviner inspiration given, + That burns in Shakspeare's or in Milton's page, + The pomp and prodigality of heaven, + As when conspiring in the diamond's blaze, + The meaner gems, that singly charm the sight, + Together dart their intermingled rays, + And dazzle with a luxury of light." + + _Stanzas to Mr. Bentley._ + +From a memorandum made by Gray himself, it is evident that he once had +contemplated placing his "Bard" in a _sitting_ posture; but I cannot but +rejoice that he altered his mind, for such breath-taking words could +never have been uttered in so composed and contented a posture. I give +part of it from Mr. Mason's edition: + + "The army of Edward I., as they marched through a deep valley, are + suddenly stopped by the appearance of a venerable figure, _seated_ + on the summit of an inaccessible rock; who, with a voice more than + human, reproaches the king with all the misery and desolation he + had brought on his country, &c., &c. His song ended, he + precipitates himself from the mountain, and is swallowed up by the + river that rolls at its foot."--Vol. i. p. 73. Lond. 1807. + +The last two lines of the passage before us-- + + "And with a master's hand, and prophet's fire, + _Struck the deep sorrows of his lyre_"-- + +remind us in some degree of Cowley: + + "Sic cecinit sanctus _vates_, digitosque volantes + Innumeris per fila modis trepidantia movit, + _Intimaque elicuit Medici miracula plectri_." + + _Davideidos_, lib. i. p. 13. + +Again: + + "Dear as the _light that visits these sad eyes_." + + Gray, _The Bard_. + + "Namque _oculis plus illa suis, plus lumine coeli + Dilexit_." + + _Davideidos_, lib. i. p. 14. + +And-- + + "The Attick warbler pours her _throat_." + + _Ode to Spring._ + + "Tum magnum tenui cecinerunt _gutture_ Numen." + + _Davideidos_, lib. i. p. 20. + +Also-- + + "The hues of bliss more brightly glow, + _Chastis'd_ by sabler tints of woe; + And blended form with artful strife, + The strength and harmony of life." + + Gray, _On the Pleasure arising from Vicissitude_. + +The word _chastised_ is similarly used by Cowley: + + "From Saul his growth, and manly strength he took, + _Chastised_ by bright Ahinoam's gentler look." + + _Davideidos_, lib. iv. p. 133. + +The _idea_ of the whole passage may be found in Pope: + + "Love, Hope, and Joy, fair Pleasure's smiling train; + Hate, Fear, and Grief, the family of Pain; + These mix'd with art, and to due bounds confin'd, + Make and maintain the balance of the mind; + _The lights and shades, whose well accorded strife, + Gives all the strength and colour of our life_." + + _Essay on Man_, Epist. II. + +Again: + + "Amazement in his van with Flight combin'd, + And Sorrow's faded form, and Solitude behind." + + Gray, _The Bard_. + + "Victorious arms thro' Ammon's land it bore, + Ruin behind, and terror march'd before." + + _Davideidos_, lib. iv. p. 135. + +Wakefield mentions some parallel passages, but omits the best of all: + + "A fire devoureth before them; and behind them a flame burneth: + the land is as the garden of Eden before them, and behind them a + desolate wilderness; Yea, and nothing shall escape them."--Joel, + ii. 3. + +In the "Ode on the Installation" Gray says: + + "Their tears, their little triumphs o'er + Their _human passions_ now no more." + +Wakefield dwells enraptured on the expression _human passions_. Cowley +speaks of "_humana quies_" (_Davideidos_, lib. i. p. 3.). Horace says: + + "---- Carminibus quae versant atque venenis + _Humanos animos_."--_Sat._ viii. 19. lib. i. + +_Human passions_ is not, however, a _creation_ of Gray's; for, if not +anywhere else, he might have found the words very often in the writings +of William Law, as vigorous a prose writer as England can boast of since +the days of Dr. South. See his _answer_ to Dr. Trapp's _Not Righteous +overmuch_, p. 62., Lond. 1741; and his _Serious Call_, cap. xii. p. +137., and cap. xxi. p. 293., Lond. 1816. + +To mention its use by modern writers would be endless. I selected these +few passages on reading Mr. Wakefield's laudations, for otherwise I +should not perhaps have remarked the words as unusual. Wakefield adduces +from Pope's _Eloisa to Abelard_: + + "One _human tear_ shall drop, and be forgiven." + +"Noble rage," Gray's _Elegy_. "Noble rage," Cowley's _Davideidos_, lib. +iv. p. 137. Again, in the _Elegy_: + + "Save that from yonder ivy-mantled tower + The mopeing owl does to the moon complain + Of such as, wand'ring near her secret bower, + _Molest her ancient solitary reign_." + +Cowley, in describing the palace of Lucifer, has some fine sentences; +and amongst them: + + "Non hic gemmatis stillantia sidera guttis + _Impugnant saevae jus inviolabile noctis_." + + _Davideidos_, lib. i. p. 3. + +And in English: + + "No gentle stars with their fair gems of light, + _Offend the tyrannous and unquestion'd night_." + + _Davideidos_, lib. i. p. 6. + +Akenside constantly used the adjective _human_ in different +conjunctions. + + RT. + + Warmington. + + +OLD SONG: THE CUCKOLD'S CAP. + +The following song I never saw in print. I knew an old lady, who fifty +years ago used to sing it. Is it known? + + Near Reading there lived a buxom young dame, + The wife of a miller, and Joan was her name; + And she had a hen of a wondrous size, + The like you never beheld with your eyes: + It had a red head, gay wings, yellow legs, + And every year laid her a bushel of eggs, + Which made her resolve for to set it with speed, + Because she'd a mind to have more of the breed. + + Now as she was setting her hen on a day, + A shepherd came by, and thus he did say: + "Oh, what are you doing?" She answered him then, + "I'm going to set my miraculous hen." + "O, Joan," said the shepherd, "to keep your eggs warm, + And that they may prosper and come to no harm, + You must set them all in a large cuckold's cap, + And then all your chickens will come to good hap." + + "O, I have no cuckold's cap, shepherd," said she, + "But nevertheless I'll be ruled by thee; + For this very moment I'll trudge up and down, + And borrow one, if there be one in the town." + So she went to the baker's, and thus she did say: + "O, lend me a cuckold's cap, neighbour, I pray, + For I'm going to set my miraculous hen, + And when that I've done with't, I'll bring it again." + + The baker's wife answered, and thus she replied: + "Had I got such a thing, you should not be denied; + But these nineteen or twenty years I have been wed, + And my husband ne'er had such a cap to his head. + But go to my cousin, who lives at the mill, + I know she had one, and she may have it still; + Tell her I sent you, she'll lend it, I know." + "Thank ye," says Joan, and away she did go. + + So, straight to the house of the miller she went, + And told her that she by her cousin was sent, + To borrow a thing which was wondrous rare, + 'Twas a large cuckold's cap, which her husband did wear. + "I do not dispute but such things there may be; + But why should my cousin, pray, send you to me? + For these nineteen or twenty years I've been a wife, + And my husband ne'er had such a cap in his life. + + "But go to the quaker who lives at the Swan, + I know she had one, and if 'tisn't gone, + Tell her to lend it to you for my sake, + Which I the same for a great favour shall take." + So she went to the house of old Yea and Nay, + And said to his wife, who was buxom and gay, + "I'm come for to borrow, if that you will lend, + A large cuckold's cap: I was sent by a friend." + + The quaker's wife answered and said, with a frown, + "Why, I've no such thing, if thou'dst give me a crown; + Besides, I'd not lend it, friend Joan, if I had, + For fear it should make my old husband run mad. + In town there are many young damsels, perhaps, + Who may be ingenious in making these caps, + But as for their names, I really can't say, + So, therefore, friend Joan, excuse me, I pray." + + Now Joan being tired and weary withal, + She said, "I've had no good fortune at all. + I find that it is the beginning of sorrow, + To trudge up and down among neighbours to borrow. + A large cuckold's cap I wanted indeed, + A thing of small value, and yet couldn't speed: + But, as I'm a woman, believe me," says Joan, + "Before it be long, I'll have one of my own." + + J. R. RELTON. + + +THE GODODIN. + +This poem, though not absolutely the earliest in point of date, is the +longest of the numerous poems produced among the Kymry of the north of +England during the sixth and seventh centuries. Two translations have +already appeared in English; one by the Rev. Edward Davies, the author +of _Celtic Researches_, and the other by a gentleman named Probert. Of +these the latter, though very imperfect and extremely defective, is the +only one which an English reader should consult; the version given by +Davies is only a very ingenious misrepresentation. The poem has no more +reference to Hengist than it has to the man-in-the-moon; and GOMER +might have suspected that a version which, without rule or reason, +deprived historic personages of their reality, could not have been +correct. _Every proper name mentioned in the Gododin may be shown +without any alteration to be those of persons living between 577 and +642._ The proof of this assertion, when carefully examined, is all but +overwhelming; but here I can only cite a few of the most tangible facts. +The design of the poem is thus described by the bard himself:-- + + "O ved O vuelin, + O Gattraeth werin, + Mi a na vi Aneurin + Ys gwyr Taliesin, + Oveg cyvrenhin + Neu cheing Ododin + Cyn gwawr dydd dilin." + +These lines may be thus translated:-- + + "Of mead from the mead horn, + Of the host of Cattraeth, + I, Aneurin, will do + What is known to Taliesin, + A man of kindred disposition. + Will I not sing of what befell + Gododin, before the break of day?" + +From frequent notices in other parts of the poem, we find that the +subject is the defeat of (the Ottadini) the men of Gododin, in a battle +which took place in the year 603, near Cattraeth, which may be +identified with the Cataracton of Ptolemy, the Cataract of Bede, and the +present Catterick in Yorkshire. The men of Gododin in this campaign were +in league with the Novantae of Wigtonshire, the Britons of Strathclyde, +the Scots of Argyle, and the Picts of Fife and Perth. Of this army the +chiefs alone amounted to three hundred and sixty; but, to use the words +of the bard, "Mead brought shame on the best of armies;" and the chiefs, +on account of temporary success over a part of Ethelfrith's Northumbrian +army, spent the night in wild carousal. Overtures of peace were made to +them by Ethelfrith, and contemptuously rejected; they rushed pell-mell +to battle _before the break of day_; and the bard, seeing them falling +helplessly drunk from their horses, "drew a veil over his face and fled, +weeping on his way." I here assume that Cattraeth and Cataract are the +same place; and to cite only one of many evidences, the position of the +Ottadini in the immediate neighbourhood of Catterick, lends this view +strong confirmation. But there is here another assumption, to which I +invite the attention of English antiquaries. The _Anglo-Saxon Chronicle_ +relates the occurrence of a great battle between Ethelfrith of +Northumbria and the northern Britons in the year 603: of that battle the +site is variously named Degstan, Daegsanstane, and Egesanstane; but +antiquarian researches have not determined where Egesanstane was. Some +place it at Dawston, near Jedburg, in Scotland, and others at Dalston in +Cumberland; but all confess uncertainty. Now I assume that the place +called Egesanstane is more likely to be Siggeston, in the North Riding +of Yorkshire, which is about five or six miles east of Catterick; and +this conjecture is strongly supported by the fact that Ethelfrith in +this case was not the invader but the invaded, as it is said, "Hering, +the son of Hussa, led the enemy thither," to the dominions of +Ethelfrith, which were then but little else than the eastern coast of +Northumberland and Yorkshire. If this view be correct, our antiquaries +have hitherto been in error on this point; the site of the great battle +of 603 is no longer unknown; and Egesanstane and Cattraeth are only two +names for the same battle, just as another battle-field is variously +named the battle of Waterloo by us, and that of Mont St. Jean by the +French. + +Probert places the death of Aneurin in 570: the Gododin shows him to +have been an eyewitness of an event which took place in 642. Davies, +whose works are striking evidences of a powerful intellect completely +led astray, makes the subject to have been the reported massacre at +Stonehenge, which possibly never took place, but which he fixes in 472. +Now I have cited a passage which, referring to Taliesin as an authority, +implies that Aneurin was his junior; and Taliesin was living in 610. +Again, Davies makes an abortive attempt to get rid of the last poem of +Llywarch Hen, which shows him to have been living as late as the year +640, when most of his sons had fallen in battle. Llywarch himself was +either at the battle of Cattraeth, or assisted in organising the +campaign; for though not mentioned by Aneurin, he himself alludes to the +time "when we attacked the great-smoker-of-towns (Ethelfrith)." + +At this battle Aneurin was taken prisoner, and confined in "an earthen +house," from which he was released "by the bright sword of Cenau, the +son of Llywarch." The son of Llywarch could scarcely have been living in +472; and Davies in vain essays to get rid of this obdurate fact. This +passage in Aneurin-- + + "Under foot was gravel, + Stretched out was my leg + _In the subterranean house_, + And an iron chain + Was bound about my knees," + +shows the use of under-ground hovels to have extended far into the +historic period. + +One fact more, and this demonstration that Aneurin has been ante-dated +will be complete. The bard in three several places mentions a battle of +Mannan, in much the same way as we at this day speak of Waterloo; and it +is evident that, in the estimation of the bard and his countrymen, the +battle of Mannan was the last great event before the battle of +Cattraeth. The first of these passages is-- + + "Caeawe Cymnyviat cyvlat Erwyt + . . . . . . + Rae ergit _Cadfannan_ catwyt." + + "_Caeog_ was a conflictor with destructive pikes. + . . . . . . + He was preserved from the blows of Mannan-fight." + +_Caeog_, whom Davies converts into the adjective "adorned," was the +brother of Cynddylan, Prince of Powys (_Elegies of Llywarch Hen_, p. +70.). On the death of his brother in 577, he went to North Briton; he +escaped from the blows of Mannan, and _afterwards_ fell at Cattraeth. +Again, of a chief named Twrch it is said:-- + + "He loved the battling of spears, + At Mannan, and before Aldud the renowned." + + "Emyt af crennyt y gat waewawr + Catvannan yr Aelut clodvawr." + +Again he says of another chief:-- + + "Yn dieding . . . . . + Ac Adan Cadvannan cochre, + Veirch marchawg goddrud y more." + + "Resistless + As Aeddan of the blood-stained steeds of Mannan-fight, + He was an impetuous rider that morning." + +Here we have three separate proofs of the fact, that Cadvannan was +anterior to the battle of Cattraeth: now when and where did that take +place? In the year 582, and probably at Clackmannan, on the Firth of +Forth in Scotland. Here is my authority (_Annals of Ulster_): + + "DLXXXII. Bellum Manan, in quo victor erat Aodhan Mar Gawran." + +The battle of Cattraeth must be that of 603, at which Aeddan was also +present. + +These few annotations from a new translation of _The Gododin_ now in +MS., will, it is hoped, satisfy your correspondent GOMER that I am +justified in repeating the views of Davies. Should he wish to get a +correct text, and a judicious version of _The Gododin_, he had better +subscribe to a translation by the Rev. J. Williams (author of the +_Ecclesiastical Antiquities of the Cymry_), now about to issue from the +Llandovery press, at a very moderate price. Probert's translation is +very scarce. + +Is there no tradition of this battle at Sigston? + + THOS. STEPHENS. + + +FOLK LORE. + +_Lincolnshire Folk Lore._--The following, illustrating as it does a +superstition still very prevalent in Lincolnshire, may interest some of +your readers. I transcribed it a few days ago in the British Museum from +Holly's _Lincolnshire Notes_, vol. iii. fol. 358.:-- + + "The other I receaued from Mr. Thomas Codd, minister of Laceby in + Linc, w[=c]h he gave under his owne hand; he himself being a + native of ye place where this same happened, and it was thus: + + "At Axholme, alias Haxey, in ye Isle, one Mr. Edward Vicars + (curate to Mr. Wm. Dalby, vicar), together with one Robert + Hallywell a taylor, intending on St. Marke's even at night to + watch in ye church porch to see who shoud die in ye yeare + following (to this purpose using divers ceremonies), they + addressing themselues to the busines, Vicars (being then in his + chamber) wished Hallywell to be going before and he would + p[=s]ently follow him. Vicars fell asleep, and Hallywell + (attending his coming in ye church porch) forthwith sees certaine + shapes p[=s]nting themselves to his view, resemblances (as he + thought) of diuers of his neighbours, who he did nominate; and all + of them dyed the yeare following; and Vicars himselfe (being + asleep) his phantome was seen of him also, and dyed with ye rest. + This sight made Hallywell so agast that he looks like a Ghoast + ever since. The lord Sheffield (hearing this relation) sent for + Hallywell to receiue account of it. The fellow fearing my Lord + would cause him to watch the church porch againe he hid himselfe + in the Carrs till he was almost starued. The number of those that + died (whose phantasmes Hallywell saw) was as I take it about fower + score. + + "Tho. Cod, Rector Ecclie de Laceby." + + EDWARD PEACOCK. + + Bottesford Moors, Messingham, Kirton in Lindsey. + + +Minor Notes. + +_Modern Greek Names of Places._--It is commonly stated in books of +geography that the modern name of Athens is _Statines_. In Hennin's +_Manuel de Numismatique Ancienne_ it is stated to be _Satines_ or +_Atini_; and Mr. Akerman, in his most excellent _Numismatic Manual_, +makes the same statement. We find it stated also universally that the +modern name of Cos is _Stanco_; and this has been repeated in all maps +and charts until the recently published Admiralty Chart, No. VI. of the +Archipelago series, where it is called _Cos_. + +The origin of this and other similar blunders is curious. Athens retains +its plural termination, and is always used with the article, [Greek: hai +Athenai]. If you ask a peasant walking from the Piraeus whither he is +going, he will answer you, [Greek: Eis tas Athenas], but will rapidly +enunciate it as follows, [Greek: 's't'sAthenas], whence _Statines_, +lately reduced to _Satines_. + +I am surprised that Cos was not set down as _Stinco_ rather than +_Stanco_, for if you hail a Coan vessel, and ask whither it is bound, +the [Greek: karaboukyri], or skiff-master, would certainly reply [Greek: +sten Ko], if Cos were his destination. + +I find that both M. Hennin and Mr. Akerman assert that Thebes is now +called _Stives_. I conversed with a noble-looking youth on the ruins of +Eleusis, and asking him from what part of the country he came, I shall +not easily forget the stately dignity with which he tossed his capote +over his shoulder, and answered [Greek: eimi Thebaios]--I am a Theban. +The bold Boeotian would have stared in amazement had I spoken to him of +_Stives_, although, if homeward-bound, he would have said he was going +[Greek: 's tas Thebas]. + +The Turks have made Istambol or Stamboul out of [Greek: sten polin]; and +we may, perhaps, hear from our friends, the Nepaulese ambassadors, that +the capital of England is called _Tolondon_, and that of France _Apari_. + + L. H. J. T. + +"_There is no mistake._"--The Duke of Wellington's reply to Mr. +Huskisson, "There is no mistake," has become familiar in the mouths of +both those who remember the political circumstances that gave rise to +it, and those who have received it traditionally, without inquiring into +the origin of it. You may perhaps think it worthy of a "Note" that this +was not the first occasion on which the Duke used those celebrated +words. The Duke (then Earl of Wellington) in a private letter to Lord +Bathurst, dated Flores de Avila, 24th July, 1812, writes in the +following easy style: + + "I hope that you will be pleased with _our_ battle, of which the + dispatch contains as accurate an account as I can give you. _There + was no mistake_, everything went on as it ought; and there never + was an army so beaten in so short a time." + +The whole letter is well deserving of insertion; but my object is simply +to draw attention to the occasion on which the Duke first used the +sentence now so well known. + + F. W. J. + +_Remarkable Prophecy._--The following prediction of St. Caesario, Bishop +of Arles, in the year 542, may not be considered void of interest at the +present moment. It is taken from a book, entitled _Liber Mirabilis_, +printed in Gothic characters, and deposited in the Royal Library, +Paris:-- + + "The administration of the kingdom, France, will be so blended, + that they shall leave it without defenders. The hand of God shall + extend itself over them, and over all rich; all the nobles shall + be deprived of their estates and dignity; a division shall spring + up in the church of God, and there shall be two husbands, the one + true, and the other adulterous. The legitimate husband shall be + put to flight; there shall be great carnage, and as great a + profusion of blood as in the day of the Gentiles. The universal + church and the whole world shall deplore the ruin and destruction + of a most celebrated city, the capital and mistress of France. The + altars of the temple shall be destroyed, the holy virgins outraged + shall fly from their seats, and the whole church shall be stripped + of her temporal gods; but at length the black eagle and the lion + shall appear hovering from far countries. Misery to thee, O city + of philosophy! thou shalt be subjected! A captive humbled even to + confusion, shall at last receive his crown, and destroy the + children of Brutus." + + ALPHA. + +_The Ball that killed Nelson_ (Vol. iv., p. 174.).-- + + "The musket-ball that killed Nelson is now in the possession of + the Rev. F. W. Baker, of Bathwick, near Bath. A considerable + portion of the gold lace, pad, and silk cord of the epaulette, + with a piece of coat, were found attached to it. The gold lace was + as firmly fixed as if it had been inserted into the metal while in + a state of fusion. The ball, together with the lace, &c., was + mounted in crystal and silver, and presented by Captain Hardy to + the late Sir William Beattie, the surgeon of the Victory." + +I have extracted this from the _Illustrated London News_, First Number. +If this relic be now in the possession of Prince Albert, I presume it +became his by purchase or presentation from the above-named gentleman. + + BLOWEN. + +_Gypsies._--The Indian origin of the numerals of this people is evident +from the following comparison: + + Sanscrit. Hungarian Spanish + Gypsy. Gitano. + 1. eka jek yeque + 2. dwaou dui dui + 3. traya trin trin + 4. tchatouara schtar estar + 5. panyntcha pansch pansche + 6. chach tschov job + 7. sapta efta hefta + 8. achtaou ochto otor + 9. nava enija esnia + 10. dasa doesch deque + +The Sanscrit must be read with a French pronunciation, being from +Balbi's _Atlas Ethnographique_; the Hungarian Gypsy as German, and the +last as Spanish; the two latter are from Borrow's _Zuicali_, vol. ii. p. +118. + + T. J. BUCKTON. + + Lichfield. + + + + +Queries. + + +DIAL MOTTO AT KARLSBAD. + +The inclosed inscription was brought over for me from Karlsbad by the +late Lord Chief Justice Tindal. Can any one throw light upon the capital +letters? I give it copied exactly from Sir Nicholas Tindal's writing, +with his observation beneath, and may safely venture to warrant _his_ +accuracy. It might be supposed to be a chronogram, but for the +introduction of the letter "E." + + "_Motto from a Dial formed on the two Sides of the Angle of a + House at Karlsbad._ + + "'Hora Hor[I]s [CE]d[I]t, pere[V]nt s[IC] Te[M]pora nob[I]s, + [V]t t[I]b[I] f[I]nal[I]s s[I]t bona, [VIV]e bene.' + + "The letters which are written in capitals were so in the original + inscription, and were coloured red: probably the anagram of some + one's name is concealed under them." + +Having been a collector of existing dial mottoes for many years, I shall +feel greatly obliged to any of your correspondents who will inform me +of remarkable ones in their own neighborhood. + +There are four--one in English, one in Latin, one in Greek, and one in +Hebrew--on the keep of Carlisle Castle; but though I possess the three +former, I have not the last, and should be very glad to obtain it, if +possible. + +There is a motto at Bonneville in Switzerland, as I have been told: + + "Soli Soli Soli." + +What can be the interpretation thereof? + +Of course I am acquainted with Leadbetter's _Art of Dialling_, and the +curious list of mottoes he gives, together with the still more curious +translations of the same; as _e.g._ + + "Aut Caesar, aut nullus." + (I shine, or shroud!) + +Or-- + + "Sic transit gloria mundi:" + (So marches the god of day!!) + +But what I want is, mottoes from dials actually in existence. + + HERMES. + + +SUPPRESSED EPILOGUE BY DRYDEN. + +Mr. Payne Collier communicates to the _Athenaeum_ of the 22nd November, +1851, an interesting letter relative to an unspoken epilogue to Dryden, +and Nat Lee's famous tragedy of _The Duke of Guise_. This rare +composition, entitled "Another Epilogue intended to have been spoken to +the Play before it was forbidden last Summer, written by Mr. Dryden," +occurs in conjunction with the Prologue and Epilogue which were actually +spoken, upon a separate sheet of foolscap; in which shape, as Mr. +Collier informs us, they were often printed for sale at the playhouse +doors. Mr. Collier's acceptable communication suggests a Query or two. +At the end of my copy of this play, the 4to. edit. of 1687, is the +following + + "ADVERTISEMENT. + + "There was a Preface intended to this play, in vindication of it, + against two scurrilous libels lately printed. But it was judged, + that a defence of this nature would require more room than a + preface would reasonably allow. For this cause, and for the + importunity of the stationers, who hastened their impression, 'tis + deferred for some little time, and will be printed by itself. Most + men are already of opinion that neither of the pamphlets deserve + an answer, because they are stuffed with open falsities, and + sometimes contradict each other; but, for once, they shall have a + day or two thrown away upon them, tho' I break an old custom for + their sakes, which was to scorn them." + +Was this threatened preface ever issued? Are the "two scurrilous libels" +here spoken of so scornfully, known to be in existence? + +The new-found Epilogue belongs as much to the political as to the +dramatic history of those troublous times; and let us hope, _maugre_ the +unfortunate coarseness of the school to which it belongs, that Mr. +Collier will some day present us with a reprint of it _in toto_, +accompanied by the above noted preface, if it exist. There is ample +matter, as the pages of "NOTES AND QUERIES" have lately shown, for a new +volume of Dryden Miscellanies. + + HENRY CAMPKIN. + + +Minor Queries. + +332. _Barrister._--Can any of your correspondents refer me to the etymon +of this name, given to a vocation attached to our English courts of law? +I can find none even in the comprehensive _Etymological Dictionary_ of +Nat. Bailey, unless, indeed, by dividing the word into two portions, +viz. "bar" and "rister," and then, with a little of the critic's +license, assuming that the latter half might originally have been +written "roister." But as this analysis would _render_ it so little +characteristic of the class so named, and would strongly imply that some +portion at least of that distinguished body was once viewed as the +"roisters," _i.e._ "bullies and blusterers," of that division of our +courts called "the Bar," it is evident that we cannot reasonably look +for the derivation of the latter part of the word from that source. But +still, as there may be those who are inclined, in spite of these cogent +objections, to doubt whether this may be its true etymon; and it is fit +that any such lurking and slanderous suspicion should be dispelled from +every sceptic mind, some one of your curious and learned correspondents, +anxious to effect it, will, perhaps, tax his etymological skill to the +suggestion of a less offensive, and more just and appropriate +derivation, than "Bar-roister." + + W. Y. + +333. _Indian Jugglers._--Can any of your readers favour me with +references to any works containing an account of the trick practised by +jugglers in the East Indies, and known there by the name of "growing a +mango?" In performing this trick a seed is planted in a pot or basket of +earth, which is then covered up from the sight by a cloth or other wire; +in a little time this is removed, and the seed is seen to have +germinated, and its growth is similarly shown in successive stages, the +last of which exhibits the plant in fruit. Hundreds of Europeans have +seen the trick, but I have never heard of any one who was able to detect +the successive substitutions in which it obviously consists. I do not at +present recollect the name of any author who takes any notice of it. + + N. + +334. _Priory of Hertford._--The Priory of Hertford was founded by Ralph +de Limesey and his wife Hadewise, some time after the Conquest. Can any +of your antiquarian correspondents inform me in what year this took +place? + +The Rev. DR. ROCK had the politeness to answer my Query respecting the +Abbot Eustacius; perhaps he could oblige me by solving the present one. + + J. L. + +335. _Jacobus Creusius_ (_or Crucius_).--_Jacobi Creusii Theologi et +Medici, Frisii, Victimas Humanas._ I should be greatly obliged by any +information respecting the author, or the book, which I find so +mentioned in a MS. of 1677. + + S. W. RIX. + + Beccles. + +336. _Clekit House._--In the will of John Buttery of Bury, 1557, is this +item: + + "My capitall mesuage, with the maltinge house and the tenement + called Banyards, with all the gardaines, yards, and close, to them + belonginge,--except the ij tenements called the _Clekit_ House." + +What is the meaning of _Clekit_? In the E.-Anglian dialect, _clicket_ is +"to chatter." Phillips has "CLICKET, the knocker of a door, but Chaucer +uses it for a key." + + BURIENSIS. + +337. _Ballad on the Rising of the Vendee._--Who is the author of a +modern ballad on the Rising of the Vendee, of which the last lines are-- + + "We crush'd, like ripen grapes, Montreuil, we tore + down old Vetier-- + We charged them with our naked breasts, and took them + with a cheer-- + We'll hunt the robbers through the land, from Seine to + sparkling Rhone. + Now 'Here's a health to all we love: our King shall + have his own!'" + + D. B. J. + +338. _Stanza on Spenser's "Shepherd's Calender."_--In some of the early +quarto editions of Spenser, in the "Shepherd's Calender," June, there is +a stanza which in almost all the subsequent folio editions is omitted. I +shall be much obliged for any information as to when and why it was left +out; in the copies in which it appears it is the twelfth stanza, and is +as follows:-- + + "Now dead he is, and lieth wrapt in led, + (O why should death on him such outrage show?) + And all his passing skill with him is fled, + The fame whereof doth daily greater grow; + But if on me some little drops would flow + Of that the spring was in his learned head, + I soon should learn these words to wail my woe, + And teach the trees their trickling tears to shed." + +The last line is a good specimen of alliteration. + + E. N. W. + + Southwark, Nov. 17. 1851. + +339. _Prophecy respecting 1837._--I remember seeing in the year 1837, I +think in one of the morning papers, the following lines, which were +said, as far as my memory serves me, to have been taken from an old +almanac, in which they were prophetical of what should happen in the +above-named year:-- + + "By the power to see through the ways of Heaven, + In one thousand eight hundred and thirty-seven, + Shall the year pass away without any spring, + And on England's throne shall not sit a king." + +Can any of your readers inform me whether these lines were only composed +after the events related took place--that is, at the time the lines +appeared in the paper in which I saw them, or whether they are really to +be found in any old almanac; and if so, in what almanac, and in what +year? + + N. L. N. + + Maidstone. + +340. _Lines on the Bible._--In a small volume of Sacred Poetry, in the +possession of a friend of mine, the following lines on the Bible are +ascribed to Byron: + + "Within this awful volume lies + The mystery of mysteries; + Oh! happiest they of human race + To whom our God has given grace + To hear, to read, to fear, to pray, + To lift the latch, and force the way: + But better had they ne'er been born + Who read to doubt, or read to scorn." + +Not having met with these lines in the works of Lord Byron, can any of +your readers say whether they are his, or not, or who is the author? + + JOHN ALGOR. + + Sheffield. + +341. _En bon et poyer._--The family of Cockayne of Ashbourne, co. Derby, +used as a motto upon their seals, in the fourteenth century, the +following words, "En bon et poyer." This has been explained to mean, +"Boni est posse," or "Right is might." Can any of your readers suggest +anything to confirm or throw doubt on this interpretation? + + FRANCIS M. NICHOLS. + +342. _"England expects every man," &c._--For nearly fifty years our +countrymen have taught their children Nelson's last signal-- + + "England expects every man to do his duty." + +Such was my impression of this emphatic form of words. I am surprised to +see upon the column in Trafalgar Square, + + "England expects every man _will_ do his duty." + +Pray is there any authority for the inscription as it there stands? + + E. N. H. + +343. _Religious Houses in East Sussex._--Can any of your readers refer +me to any sources of information, printed or in manuscript, in addition +to those mentioned in the last edition of Dugdale's _Monasticon_, +respecting the following religious houses in East Sussex: _Otham_, +_Bayham_, _Michelham_, _Robertsbridge_? + + E. V. + +344. _Parish Registers--Right of Search--Fees claimable._--Considerable +attention has of late been excited with reference to the difficulties +attending the ordinary means of access to various public depositories of +documentary evidence in this country. In some of these departments, the +commencement of a welcome reform is already apparent; others, it is but +reasonable to hope, will, ere long, yield to the frank and inquisitive +spirit of the times in this respect. The present communication is +confined to a very wide, though less dignified source of official +information, viz. Parish Registers. I am sure I need not say one word to +illustrate the importance of the last-mentioned class of evidence to the +genealogist, the topographer, or the archaeological inquirer in +general,--in one word, to those who enter into the spirit of the "NOTES +AND QUERIES." I beg, therefore, to submit the following inquiries: + +1. Have the actual parishioners of a place a right to consult their own +register of baptisms, marriages, and burials, _gratuitously_? If not:-- + +2. What fee is _legally_ demandable,--and by whom,--and under what +restrictions? And-- + +3. Do the terms differ when the inquirer is not a _parishioner_? If so, +in what respect do they differ? + +These inquiries have reference to the contents of the chests kept in, or +in connection with, parochial churches and chapels, and not to those in +the custody of the modern "Registrar." I need scarcely add, that my +concern is with the strictly _legal_ rights of search, and demand of +fees; and not as to what courtesy may concede, or usage sanction. + + D. + + Rotherfield. + +345. _Bacon a Poet._--In Boswell's Journal of his _Tour to the Hebrides_ +he quotes the subjoined couplet, premising, "As Bacon says-- + + "Who then to frail mortality shall trust, + But limns the water, or but writes in dust." + +Is not _Bacon_ here a slip of the pen or press? Sir Nicholas Bacon, Lord +Bacon, and Bacon the sculptor, are the only conspicuous men of the name, +and none of them that I know wrote verses. + + R. CS. + +346. _Tregonwell Frampton._--Where can I obtain any particulars of the +life of Tregonwell Frampton, Esq., commonly called the "Father of the +Turf," who died at an advanced age about 1727-8. Reference is made to +him in the _Rambler_. + + T. R. W. + +347. _Weever and Fuller--their Autographs wanted._--Can any of your +readers direct the etcher of a portrait of Weever, where to find his +autograph, from which to make a copy to illustrate it? It is not to be +found in the British Museum. The extreme paucity of information +respecting this worthy is somewhat strange, considering the value of his +contributions to literature. In our leading biographies and cyclopaedias +his name does not occur. By-the-bye, where was he buried, and what +inscription is there on his "funeral monument?" + +An etched portrait is about to be published in the next part of the +_Antiquarian Etching Club_, of Fuller, the author of _Worthies_, _Church +History_, &c., without a copy of his signature for the same reason, +unless one should be discovered. + +It has been suggested that search made in the library of Queen's +College, Cambridge, might prove successful in both cases, from the fact +of their having both belonged to that college. Perhaps some member of +the university would kindly undertake the inquiry. + + A. E. C. + +348. _Is the Badger Amphibious?_--Turner (_Sacred History of the World_, +Letter XV. vol. i. p. 428. 4th edit. 1833) says: + + "The beaver, otter, and _badger_ are _amphibious_ creatures, but + not oviparous." + +Surely this is a mistake, and worthy of a Note? I cannot find the badger +mentioned as an _amphibious_ animal in any modern zoology. I certainly +have not by me Kerr's _Linnaeus_ to refer to, as a verification of Sharon +Turner's note on this passage. + + CHARLES PASLAM. + + +Minor Queries Answered. + +_Royal Registers._--I have nine volumes of a work published by Bew, +Paternoster Row, and which appeared from 1778 to 1784, pretending to +give sketches of the characters of public men by his Majesty. Can any of +your correspondents inform me who was the writer, and what number of +volumes were published? + + B. + + [This literary curiosity was completed in nine volumes, which are + sometimes bound in three. In 1841 Mr. H. G. Bohn advertised a copy + with all the names filled up in manuscript, the initials being no + doubt sufficiently intelligible at that time. For a notion of the + work on its first appearance, see the _Gentleman's Magazine_, vol. + xlviii. p. 130.] + +_Paul Hoste._--Paul Hoste, a Jesuit, published early in the seventeenth +century a small quarto with diagrams on "Breaking the Line," so much +discussed, as being first done in Rodney's action. If any one can give +me some account of Paul Hoste and his _scientific_ views on naval +architecture, the information will be acceptable to + + AEGROTUS. + + [See Chalmers' and Gorton's _Biographical Dictionaries_; Moreri, + _Le Grand Dictionnaire_, and _Nouveau Dictionnaire Historique, + s.v._] + +"_Liber Mirabilis._"--Can any of your readers inform me if there be a +copy of the _Liber Mirabilis_ in any library in the United Kingdom? It +contains a remarkable prediction of St. Caesario, Bishop of Arles, in the +year 542. The work is printed in Gothic characters, and there is a copy +in the Royal Library, Paris. + + CLERICUS. + + Dublin. + + [A copy is in the library of the British Museum, consisting of two + parts. Part I. is in Latin, and Part II. in French, 4to., 1523.] + +_Saint Richard, King of England._--In the Romish Calendar we find, on +the 7th February, amongst other saints, "Saint Richard, King of +England." Which of our Richards does this refer to? I have never read in +history of any of them having been canonized, nor should I have thought +any of them at all a likely candidate for that honour; but if such was +really the case, I presume that Coeur de Lion must be the man, and that +his valour in the Crusades was suffered to outweigh his many other +unsaintly qualities. + + J. S. WARDEN. + + Balica. + + [St. Richard was an English prince, in the kingdom of the West + Saxons, which it is probable he renounced that he might dedicate + himself to the pursuit of Christian perfection. About the year + 722, on his way to Rome, he died suddenly at Lucca in Italy. See + Butler's _Lives of the Saints_, Feb. 7.] + +_Saint Irene or St. Erini._--Can any of your correspondents direct me to +where information may be found regarding the Saint Irene or St. Erini, +from whom the Grecian island of Santorin takes its name? + + [Greek: S.] + + Bristol Dec. 1. 1851. + + [Irene, Empress of Constantinople, A.D. 797-802, was one of the + most extraordinary women in Byzantine history. The Greeks have + placed her among their saints, and celebrate her memory on the + 15th of August. Consult Smith's _Dictionary of Greek and Roman + Biography and Mythology_, and Gibbon's _Decline and Fall_, chap. + xlviii.] + + + + +Replies. + + +COCKNEY. + +(Vol. iv., pp. 273. 318.) + +The following passages collected from various sources, will perhaps help +to illustrate the origin and the several meanings of this word +_Cockney_:-- + +Fuller's first sense is-- + + "One coaks'd or cockered, made a wanton or nestle-cock of, + delicately bred and brought up, so that when grown men or women + they can endure no hardship, nor comport with pains taking." + + "'Tis not their fault, but our mothers', our cockering mothers, + who for their labour make us to be called _Cockneys_."--Dekker, _A + Knight's Conjuring_, 1607. + + "And when this jape is told another day + I shall be halden a daffe or a _Cokenay_." + + Chaucer, _The Reve's Tale_. + +The following extracts will show that to this first sense Fuller might +have added, _one abundantly and daintily fed:_-- + + "Unlesse it be shortly considered, and that faukons be broughte to + _a more homelye diete_, it is ryght likely, that within a shorte + space of yeares, our familiar pultry shall be as scarse, as be now + partriche and fesaunte. I speake not this in disprayse of the + faukons, but of them whiche keepeth them lyke _Cokeneys_."--Elyot, + _The Governour_, 1557. + + "Some again are in the other extreme, and draw this mischief on + their heads by too ceremonious and strict diet, being over precise + _cockney-like_, and curious in their observation of + meats."--Burton. _Anatomy of Melancholy_. + +Fuller's second sense is-- + + "One utterly ignorant of husbandry and huswifery such as is + practised in the country, so that he may be easily persuaded + anything about rural commodities, and the original thereof." + +He relates the old _cock-neigh_ story, and adds another jest of a +similar kind: + + "One merrily persuaded a she-citizen, that seeing _malt_ did not + grow, the good huswives in the country did spin it; 'I knew as + much,' said the _Cockney_, 'for one may see the threads hang out + at the ends thereof." + +Shakspeare uses the word _Cockney_ in this latter sense in _King Lear_, +Act II. Sc. 4.: + + "_Lear._ Oh me, my heart, my rising heart! But down." + + "_Fool._ Cry to it, nuncle, as the _Cockney_ did to the eels, when + she put 'em i' th' paste alive; she knapt 'em o' th' coxcombs with + a stick, and cried 'Down, wantons, down;' 'twas her brother, that + in pure kindness to his horse buttered his hay." + +_Cokeney_ was apparently used in very early times to designate _London_. +In the _Britannia_, art. "Suffolk," Hugh Bigod, a rebellious baron in +the time of Henry II., boasts thus: + + "Were I in my castle of Bungey, + Upon the river Waveney, + I would ne care for the King of _Cockeney_." + +I conceive that _Cokeney_ in this sense is derived from the Anglo-Saxon +word _cycene_, a kitchen or cooking place. Nares, however, in his +_Glossary_, says: + + "Le pais de cocagne, in French, means a country of good cheer; in + old French _coquaine_; cocagna, in Italian, has the same meaning. + Both might be derived from _coquina_. This famous country, if it + could be found, is described as a region 'where the hills were + made of sugar-candy, and the loaves ran down the hills, crying + 'Come eat me, _come eat me_.'" + +Hickes gives, in his _Anglo-Saxon Grammar_, an ancient poem, describing +the plenteous land of _Cokeney_ or _Cokaigne_: + + "Fur in see hi west Spaynge + Is a lond ihote Cocaygne + Ther nis lond under hevenriche + Of wel of goodnis hit iliche + In Cokaygne is met and drink + Withute care, how, and swink + ....... + Ther nis lac of met no cloth + ....... + Ther beth rivers gret and fine + Of oile, melk, honi and wine. + Water seruith ther to nothing + Bot to siyt and to waussing. + ....... + Ther is a wel fair abbei + Of white monkes and of grei + ....... + The gees irostid on the spitte + Fleey to that abbai, god hit wot, + And gredith 'gees al hote, al hot.'" + +Shakspeare's use of _Cockney_, in _Twelfth Night_, Act IV. Sc. 1., is +somewhat obscure; but I conceive that the Clown means to express his +opinion that the world is already replete with folly: + + "_Seb._ I prithee vent thy folly somewhere else; thou know'st + not me. + + "_Clown._ Vent my folly! He has heard that word of some great + man, and now applies it to a fool. Vent my folly! I am + afraid this great lubber, the world, will prove a + _Cockney_." + +The Clown probably intends to say, that to vent his folly to the world +will be like sending coals to Newcastle, or provisions to _Cocagne_; for +that, as regards folly, this great lubber the world will prove to be a +_Cocagne_ or _Cokeney_, _i.e._ a land of plenty. He may, however, mean +to hint, in a round-about way, that _Cockneys_, or natives of London, +are full of folly; or that the world is as well supplied with folly as a +_Cockney_ is with food. + +I do not know whether I committed a _Cockney_, a _clerical_, or a +_canonical_ error, when I wrote the name of Chaucer under the following +lines instead of the word _Cokeney_:-- + + "I have no peny, quod Pierce, polettes for to bie, + Ne neither gose ne grys, but two grene cheses, + A few curdes and creame, and an haver cake, + And two loves of beanes and branne, bake for mi folke, + And yet I say by my soule, I have no salt bacon + Ne no _Cokeney_, by Christe, coloppes to make." + + _The Vision of Pierce Plowman_, printed 1550. + + "At that fest thay wer seruyd with a ryche aray, + Every fyve and fyve had a _Cokenay_." + + _The Turnament of Tottenham._ + +The sentence for which I am responsible, p. 318., should read thus: +"_Cokeney_, in the above lines quoted by Webster, probably refers to any +substantial dish of fresh meat which might be cut in collops." I may add +that this use of the word brings it into close alliance with the +Anglo-Saxon word _cocnunga_, signifying _things cooked_, _pies_, +_puddings_, and _cock's-meat_. + +The French and Neapolitan festivals, called _cocagne_ and _cocagna_, +appear to have presented themselves in this country under the form of +Cockneys' feasts and revels conducted by the King of Cockneys. Strype, +in the first appendix to his edition of Stow's _London_, under the head +"Stepney," describes at some length "The Cockney's Feast of Stepney;" +and Dugdale, in his _Origines Juridiciales_, recapitulates an order +entered on the _Register of Lincoln's Inn_, vol. iv. fo. 81a, in the 9th +of Henry VIII.: + + "That the _King of Cockneys_ in Childermass-day should sit and + have due service, and that he and all his officers should use + honest and lawful manner and good order, without any waste of + destruction making, in wine, brawn, chely, or other victuals: as + also that he, his marshal, butler, and constable marshal, should + have their lawful and honest commandments by delivery of the + officers of Christmas: and that the said King of Cockneys, ne none + of his officers, medyll neither in the buttry nor in the Stuard of + Christmass his office--upon pain of xi's. for every such medling. + And lastly, that Jack Straw and all his adherents should be + thenceforth utterly banisht, and no more to be used in this house + upon pain to forfeit, for every time five pounds, to be levied on + every fellow hapning to offend against this rule." + +Some obliging bencher of Lincoln's Inn will perhaps have the goodness to +examine, or to permit me to examine the _Register_, to ascertain whether +this potentate was king of Cockneys, as Dugdale has it, or of Cockney. + + A LONDONER. + + +Replies to Minor Queries. + +_The Word Infortuner_ (Vol. iv., p. 328.).--J. C. W. enquires, "Is +_infortuner_ to be found in any old Dictionary?" I would state that I +have not been able to find it; but in Cockeram's _English Dictionarie_, +1639, I find "_Infortunate_, unhappy;" and in Bailey's _Dictionary_, +vol. i. 1753, "_Infortunate_, unhappy, unlucky;" "_Infortune_, +misfortune," referred to Chaucer; "_Infortunes_, an astrological term, +applied to Saturn and Mars, because of their unfortunate influences;" +"_Infortunid_, unfortunate," referred to Chaucer; and in vol. ii of +Bailey's _Dictionary_, 1727, I find "_Infortunateness_, unhappiness, +unluckiness." It is singular that Cockeram gives "infortunate" in his +first alphabet, which, he says, in his preface, "hath the _choicest_ +words now in use, wherewith our language is enriched." "Unfortunate" he +places in the second alphabet, which, he says, "contains the _vulgar_ +words." Neither Cole's _English Dictionary_, 1685, nor Blount's +_Glossographia_, 1670, nor Phillips' _World of Words_, 1678, contain the +word "unfortunate" in any of its terminations or applications. Mr. +Halliwell, in his _Dictionary of Provincial Words_, gives the word +"_Infortune_, misfortune," deriving it from the Anglo-Norman. + +Whilst referring thus to our early lexicographers, allow me to allude +to an anecdote respecting, Dr. Adam Lyttleton, who, when compiling his +Latin Dictionary, announced the verb "concurro" to his amanuensis; the +latter, imagining, from an affinity of sound, that the first two +syllables gave the English meaning of the verb, said, "_Concur_, I +suppose, sir." To which the Doctor peevishly replied, "_Concur_, +condog." The scribe wrote down what he supposed his employer dictated, +and the word "condog" was inserted, and stands as one interpretation of +"concurro" in the first edition of the Dictionary; it is, of course, +expunged from subsequent ones. I give this statement as I find it in +print. I do not vouch for its correctness, not having the first edition +of the Dictionary to refer to. Strange to say, however, "condog" was +regarded as a synonym, or rather as an equivalent to "concur," long +before the date of the first edition of Dr. Lyttleton's _Dictionary_. In +Cockeram's _Dictionarie_, before referred to, sixth edition, 1639, I +find the second alphabet, among the words which the author calls +_vulgar_, the verb "to agree" defined "Concurre, cohere, _condog_, +condiscend." Cockeram's _Dictionary_ was evidently a work of some +authority in its day; it was dedicated to Sir Richard Boyle, and reached +to, at least, a _sixth_ edition, which edition is announced in the +title-page as "revised and enlarged," and therefore "condog" did not owe +its place in it to the error of an amanuensis or transcriber. The book, +although small, contains much curious matter, to which I may, perhaps, +hereafter refer. In his "premonition to the reader," he says, "where +thou meetest with a word marked thus +, know you that it is now out of +use, and only used of some ancient writers." Among these words thus +marked as obsolete in 1639, I find, on casually opening the book, the +following, "abandon, abate, bardes, insanity." He also defines _Troy +weight_ as "a pound weight of twelve ounces, wherewith _bread_, precious +stones, gold and silver are weighed." Blount also (1670), and Cole +(1685), say bread was sold by Troy weight; the latter adds medicines to +the articles sold by that standard. Cowell, in his _Law Dictionary_ +(1708), says, "Electuaries, and medicinal things, and _brede_, are to be +weighed by Troy weight;" Bayley, in 1753, says, "Gold, silver, drugs," +&c., are weighed by Troy weight, but does not enumerate bread. Can any +of your readers inform me when bread was first directed to be sold by +Troy weight, and when it ceased to be so? + + P. T. + + Stoke Newington. + +_Foreign Ambassadors_ (Vol. iv., p. 442.).--There is a list of French +ambassadors, envoys, ministers, and other political agents at the court +of England, in the _Annuaire_ of the Societe de l'histoire de France for +1848, which is the twelfth volume of the series. The list commences in +1396, and is continued to 1830. + +I believe there is a copy of this most useful publication in the British +Museum. If so, it should appear in the _experimental_ catalogue of 1841, +under the head of ACADEMIES--EUROPE--FRANCE--PARIS--_Societe de +l'histoire de France!_ + + BOLTON CORNEY. + +_Petition for the Recall from Spain of the Duke of Wellington_ (Vol. +iv., p. 233.).--AEGROTUS asked if a copy of the petition to the above +effect from the Corporation of London to the Crown can be found, as it +is a droll historical document, which should not sink into oblivion; he +jumps at the conclusion that it does exist, but I think is mistaken. +Through the kindness of a friend who is in the Corporation, I have had +the journals searched, and have not been successful in finding any +address to the above tenor. There are abundance congratulating the +Prince Regent on the successes of the Duke, but none of censure. I have +likewise ascertained that some of the oldest servants of the City feel +quite sure that no such address was ever carried. If AEGROTUS can give me +any grounds for his belief, or anything likely to aid my inquiry, I will +renew the search. + + E. N. W. + + Southwark. + + + + +Miscellaneous. + + +NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC. + +If any doubt could exist as to the value of the _Germania_ of Tacitus, +as an invaluable contribution to the history of all the Teutonic races, +a glance at the Appendix to Klemm's _Germanische Altherthumskunde_, in +which that author has enumerated not only the best editions and +translations of the _Germania_, but also the most important +dissertations to which it has given rise, would at once dispel it. The +scholar and the antiquary of this country may therefore be congratulated +on the fact of Dr. Latham having prepared an edition of it, which has +been issued under the title of _The Germania of Tacitus, with +Ethnological Dissertations and Notes_. Although "the work," to use Dr. +Latham's own words, "is rather a commentary upon the geographical part +of the _Germania_, than on the _Germania_ itself--the purely descriptive +part relating to the customs of the early Germans being passed over +almost _sicco pede_,"--yet our readers will have no difficulty in +estimating its importance, when we inform them that the Ethnological +Dissertations and Notes which accompany the text may be said to embody +the views, (ofttimes indeed dissented from by Dr. Latham,) of Grimm and +Zeuss, and the learning with which those distinguished men have +illustrated the subject. Indeed, Dr. Latham, who sets an example of +openly acknowledging his obligations to other scholars which we should +be glad to see more generally followed, expressly states, that whether +the work before us took its present form, or that of a translation with +an elaborate commentary of Zeuss's learned and indispensable work, _Die +Deutschen und die Nachbarstaemme_, was a mere question of convenience. + +If the story that we have heard be true, namely, that one of the most +learned and active members of the episcopal bench did, at a late +clerical meeting, hold up a copy of Whitaker's _Clergyman's Diary and +Ecclesiastical Directory_, and pronounce it to be a little book so full +of useful and invaluable information as to be indispensable to every +clergyman, it is clear that the work is beyond all criticism. + +_The Family Almanack and Educational Register for 1852_, contains--in +addition to full particulars of nearly a thousand public schools, +colleges, and universities, and a list (containing upwards of a +thousand) of the principal private schools in the kingdom,--a vast +amount of miscellaneous information (including for the first time the +Statutes of the Irish University) and statistical tables, and so forms a +volume which no person interested in the great question of education can +at all do without. + +While on the subject of education, we may acknowledge the receipt of +several educational works, which we can only notice with great brevity. + +M. Merlet's _Dictionary of French Difficulties_ (which, but that the +subject is almost too grave for such a jest, we should have suggested +might very appropriately have been dedicated to the President) bears on +its title the stamp of its merit in the words "_third edition_." + +M. Falch Lebahn's _Self Instructor in German_; _Practice in German_; and +_German in One Volume_ (4th ed.), are very able attempts to facilitate +the study of that most useful language. + +The last work, containing as it does La Motte Fouque's beautiful tale of +_Undine_, with explanatory notes on all the difficult words and phrases, +and its vocabulary of 4500 words synonymous in German and English, +cannot be found otherwise than most useful. + + +BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES + +WANTED TO PURCHASE. + +SOUTHEY'S EDITION OF COWPER. Vols. X. XII. XIII. XIV. + +JOURNAL OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF DUBLIN. Vol. I. Part I. 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As in the management of_ "NOTES AND +QUERIES" _we can have no party to serve, no prejudices to gratify, we +beg our correspondents--more especially those who are personally unknown +to us (and to whose communications we always endeavor to give the +earliest insertion possible, because we cannot explain to them, as we +could to those to whom we are known, the reasons for delay.)--that for +the delay or non-insertion of their communications there are always what +we believe they would admit to be satisfactory reasons if they were but +acquainted with them; although, from the difficulty attendant on the +management of a work like the present, we are not able to bring those +reasons before them._ + +_Among other interesting articles which are in type, but necessarily +omitted from the present number, are_ "The Crucifix as used by the Early +Christians," _by_ SIR J. EMERSON TENNENT; "Remains of James II.;" "Wady +Mokatteb identified with Kibroth Hattavah," _by the_ Rev. 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Price 2_s._ 6_d._ + + I.--Halliburton's (Sam Slick) The English in America. + + II.--Maria Edgeworth. + + III.--A Glance at the Past and Present Condition of Ireland: "The + Exodus." + + IV.--The Celtic Records of Ireland. + + V.--Mr. Montague Dempsey's Experiences of the Landed + Interest--Concluded. + + VI.--The Poor-Law in Ireland--The Consolidated Annuities. + + VII.--Ruskin and the Pre-Raphaelists. + + Dublin: W. B. KELLY. 8. Grafton Street. London: SIMPKIN, MARSHALL + & CO. Edinburgh: OLIVER & BOYD. + + +Just published, 32mo. cloth, with Coloured Frontispiece, price 4_s._; +morocco, 6_s._ 6_d._ + + LYRA CHRISTIANA; Poems on Christianity and the Church, Original + and Selected. From the Works of ROBERT MONTGOMERY, M.A., Author of + "The Christian Life," "God and Man," &c. + + GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street. + + +TO PARISH CLERKS AND OTHERS.--One GUINEA REWARD will be paid for the +Certificate of Baptism of ROBERT BROUGHTON, born between 1700 and 1705. + + Address to the Publishing Office of "NOTES and QUERIES." + + +The Important Library of the COUNT MONDIDIER, deceased. + + Nine days' Sale. + + PUTTICK AND SIMPSON, Auctioneers of Literary Property, will sell + by Auction at their Great Room, 191. Piccadilly, on MONDAY, + December 15, and eight following days (Sunday excepted), the very + extensive and valuable Library of the COUNT MONDIDIER, deceased, + consigned from Germany. Also, a very important Selection from the + Library of a late well-known ENGLISH COLLECTOR, the whole + presenting an extraordinary assemblage of Voyages, Travels, and + Itineraries, Works relating to America, including many of the + rarest Productions, some of which have been hitherto unknown to + Bibliographers: together with many highly valuable Works in + General Literature, Natural History, Foreign and English Local and + Personal Histories, Private Memoirs, Ana. Facetiae, &c. + &c.--Catalogues will be sent on application; if in the country, on + receipt of six stamps. + + + + +Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5 New +Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London; and +published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish of St. +Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet +Street aforesaid.--Saturday, December 13, 1851. + + + + + [List of volumes and pages in "Notes and Queries", Vol. I-IV] + + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Notes and Queries Vol. I. | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 1 | November 3, 1849 | 1 - 17 | PG # 8603 | + | Vol. I No. 2 | November 10, 1849 | 18 - 32 | PG # 11265 | + | Vol. I No. 3 | November 17, 1849 | 33 - 46 | PG # 11577 | + | Vol. I No. 4 | November 24, 1849 | 49 - 63 | PG # 13513 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 5 | December 1, 1849 | 65 - 80 | PG # 11636 | + | Vol. I No. 6 | December 8, 1849 | 81 - 95 | PG # 13550 | + | Vol. I No. 7 | December 15, 1849 | 97 - 112 | PG # 11651 | + | Vol. I No. 8 | December 22, 1849 | 113 - 128 | PG # 11652 | + | Vol. I No. 9 | December 29, 1849 | 130 - 144 | PG # 13521 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 10 | January 5, 1850 | 145 - 160 | PG # | + | Vol. I No. 11 | January 12, 1850 | 161 - 176 | PG # 11653 | + | Vol. I No. 12 | January 19, 1850 | 177 - 192 | PG # 11575 | + | Vol. I No. 13 | January 26, 1850 | 193 - 208 | PG # 11707 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 14 | February 2, 1850 | 209 - 224 | PG # 13558 | + | Vol. I No. 15 | February 9, 1850 | 225 - 238 | PG # 11929 | + | Vol. I No. 16 | February 16, 1850 | 241 - 256 | PG # 16193 | + | Vol. I No. 17 | February 23, 1850 | 257 - 271 | PG # 12018 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 18 | March 2, 1850 | 273 - 288 | PG # 13544 | + | Vol. I No. 19 | March 9, 1850 | 289 - 309 | PG # 13638 | + | Vol. I No. 20 | March 16, 1850 | 313 - 328 | PG # 16409 | + | Vol. I No. 21 | March 23, 1850 | 329 - 343 | PG # 11958 | + | Vol. I No. 22 | March 30, 1850 | 345 - 359 | PG # 12198 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 23 | April 6, 1850 | 361 - 376 | PG # 12505 | + | Vol. I No. 24 | April 13, 1850 | 377 - 392 | PG # 13925 | + | Vol. I No. 25 | April 20, 1850 | 393 - 408 | PG # 13747 | + | Vol. I No. 26 | April 27, 1850 | 409 - 423 | PG # 13822 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 27 | May 4, 1850 | 425 - 447 | PG # 13712 | + | Vol. I No. 28 | May 11, 1850 | 449 - 463 | PG # 13684 | + | Vol. I No. 29 | May 18, 1850 | 465 - 479 | PG # 15197 | + | Vol. I No. 30 | May 25, 1850 | 481 - 495 | PG # 13713 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Notes and Queries Vol. II. | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 31 | June 1, 1850 | 1- 15 | PG # 12589 | + | Vol. II No. 32 | June 8, 1850 | 17- 32 | PG # 15996 | + | Vol. II No. 33 | June 15, 1850 | 33- 48 | PG # 26121 | + | Vol. II No. 34 | June 22, 1850 | 49- 64 | PG # 22127 | + | Vol. II No. 35 | June 29, 1850 | 65- 79 | PG # 22126 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 36 | July 6, 1850 | 81- 96 | PG # 13361 | + | Vol. II No. 37 | July 13, 1850 | 97-112 | PG # 13729 | + | Vol. II No. 38 | July 20, 1850 | 113-128 | PG # 13362 | + | Vol. II No. 39 | July 27, 1850 | 129-143 | PG # 13736 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 40 | August 3, 1850 | 145-159 | PG # 13389 | + | Vol. II No. 41 | August 10, 1850 | 161-176 | PG # 13393 | + | Vol. II No. 42 | August 17, 1850 | 177-191 | PG # 13411 | + | Vol. II No. 43 | August 24, 1850 | 193-207 | PG # 13406 | + | Vol. II No. 44 | August 31, 1850 | 209-223 | PG # 13426 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 45 | September 7, 1850 | 225-240 | PG # 13427 | + | Vol. II No. 46 | September 14, 1850 | 241-256 | PG # 13462 | + | Vol. II No. 47 | September 21, 1850 | 257-272 | PG # 13936 | + | Vol. II No. 48 | September 28, 1850 | 273-288 | PG # 13463 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 49 | October 5, 1850 | 289-304 | PG # 13480 | + | Vol. II No. 50 | October 12, 1850 | 305-320 | PG # 13551 | + | Vol. II No. 51 | October 19, 1850 | 321-351 | PG # 15232 | + | Vol. II No. 52 | October 26, 1850 | 353-367 | PG # 22624 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 53 | November 2, 1850 | 369-383 | PG # 13540 | + | Vol. II No. 54 | November 9, 1850 | 385-399 | PG # 22138 | + | Vol. II No. 55 | November 16, 1850 | 401-415 | PG # 15216 | + | Vol. II No. 56 | November 23, 1850 | 417-431 | PG # 15354 | + | Vol. II No. 57 | November 30, 1850 | 433-454 | PG # 15405 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 58 | December 7, 1850 | 457-470 | PG # 21503 | + | Vol. II No. 59 | December 14, 1850 | 473-486 | PG # 15427 | + | Vol. II No. 60 | December 21, 1850 | 489-502 | PG # 24803 | + | Vol. II No. 61 | December 28, 1850 | 505-524 | PG # 16404 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Notes and Queries Vol. III. | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 62 | January 4, 1851 | 1- 15 | PG # 15638 | + | Vol. III No. 63 | January 11, 1851 | 17- 31 | PG # 15639 | + | Vol. III No. 64 | January 18, 1851 | 33- 47 | PG # 15640 | + | Vol. III No. 65 | January 25, 1851 | 49- 78 | PG # 15641 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 66 | February 1, 1851 | 81- 95 | PG # 22339 | + | Vol. III No. 67 | February 8, 1851 | 97-111 | PG # 22625 | + | Vol. III No. 68 | February 15, 1851 | 113-127 | PG # 22639 | + | Vol. III No. 69 | February 22, 1851 | 129-159 | PG # 23027 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 70 | March 1, 1851 | 161-174 | PG # 23204 | + | Vol. III No. 71 | March 8, 1851 | 177-200 | PG # 23205 | + | Vol. III No. 72 | March 15, 1851 | 201-215 | PG # 23212 | + | Vol. III No. 73 | March 22, 1851 | 217-231 | PG # 23225 | + | Vol. III No. 74 | March 29, 1851 | 233-255 | PG # 23282 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 75 | April 5, 1851 | 257-271 | PG # 23402 | + | Vol. III No. 76 | April 12, 1851 | 273-294 | PG # 26896 | + | Vol. III No. 77 | April 19, 1851 | 297-311 | PG # 26897 | + | Vol. III No. 78 | April 26, 1851 | 313-342 | PG # 26898 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 79 | May 3, 1851 | 345-359 | PG # 26899 | + | Vol. III No. 80 | May 10, 1851 | 361-382 | PG # 32495 | + | Vol. III No. 81 | May 17, 1851 | 385-399 | PG # 29318 | + | Vol. III No. 82 | May 24, 1851 | 401-415 | PG # 28311 | + | Vol. III No. 83 | May 31, 1851 | 417-440 | PG # 36835 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 84 | June 7, 1851 | 441-472 | PG # 37379 | + | Vol. III No. 85 | June 14, 1851 | 473-488 | PG # 37403 | + | Vol. III No. 86 | June 21, 1851 | 489-511 | PG # 37496 | + | Vol. III No. 87 | June 28, 1851 | 513-528 | PG # 37516 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Notes and Queries Vol. IV. | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 88 | July 5, 1851 | 1- 15 | PG # 37548 | + | Vol. IV No. 89 | July 12, 1851 | 17- 31 | PG # 37568 | + | Vol. IV No. 90 | July 19, 1851 | 33- 47 | PG # 37593 | + | Vol. IV No. 91 | July 26, 1851 | 49- 79 | PG # 37778 | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 92 | August 2, 1851 | 81- 94 | PG # 38324 | + | Vol. IV No. 93 | August 9, 1851 | 97-112 | PG # 38337 | + | Vol. IV No. 94 | August 16, 1851 | 113-127 | PG # 38350 | + | Vol. IV No. 95 | August 23, 1851 | 129-144 | PG # 38386 | + | Vol. IV No. 96 | August 30, 1851 | 145-167 | PG # 38405 | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 97 | Sept. 6, 1851 | 169-183 | PG # 38433 | + | Vol. IV No. 98 | Sept. 13, 1851 | 185-200 | PG # 38491 | + | Vol. IV No. 99 | Sept. 20, 1851 | 201-216 | PG # 38574 | + | Vol. IV No. 100 | Sept. 27, 1851 | 217-246 | PG # 38656 | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 101 | Oct. 4, 1851 | 249-264 | PG # 38701 | + | Vol. IV No. 102 | Oct. 11, 1851 | 265-287 | PG # 38773 | + | Vol. IV No. 103 | Oct. 18, 1851 | 289-303 | PG # 38864 | + | Vol. IV No. 104 | Oct. 25, 1851 | 305-333 | PG # 38926 | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 105 | Nov. 1, 1851 | 337-358 | PG # 39076 | + | Vol. IV No. 106 | Nov. 8, 1851 | 361-374 | PG # 39091 | + | Vol. IV No. 107 | Nov. 15, 1851 | 377-396 | PG # 39135 | + | Vol. IV No. 108 | Nov. 22, 1851 | 401-414 | PG # 39197 | + | Vol. IV No. 109 | Nov. 29, 1851 | 417-430 | PG # 39233 | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 110 | Dec. 6, 1851 | 433-460 | PG # 39338 | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol I. Index. [Nov. 1849-May 1850] | PG # 13536 | + | INDEX TO THE SECOND VOLUME. MAY-DEC., 1850 | PG # 13571 | + | INDEX TO THE THIRD VOLUME. JAN.-JUNE, 1851 | PG # 26770 | + +------------------------------------------------+------------+ + + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number +111, December 13, 1851, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, DEC 13, 1851 *** + +***** This file should be named 39393.txt or 39393.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/3/9/3/9/39393/ + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This +file was produced from images generously made available +by The Internet Library of Early Journals.) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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