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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6833f05 --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +* text=auto +*.txt text +*.md text diff --git a/39393-0.txt b/39393-0.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c5891c6 --- /dev/null +++ b/39393-0.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2797 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number 111, +December 13, 1851, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number 111, December 13, 1851 + A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, + Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc. + +Author: Various + +Editor: George Bell + +Release Date: April 6, 2012 [EBook #39393] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: UTF-8 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, DEC 13, 1851 *** + + + + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This +file was produced from images generously made available +by The Internet Library of Early Journals.) + + + + + +[Transcriber's note: Characters with macrons have been marked in +brackets with an equal sign, as [=e] for a letter e with a macron on +top. Underscores have been used to indicate _italic_ fonts; equal signs +indicate =bold= fonts. Original spelling variations have not been +standardized. A list of volumes and pages in "Notes and Queries" has +been added at the end.] + + + + +NOTES AND QUERIES: + +A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION + +FOR + +LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC. + +"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE. + +VOL. IV.--No. 111. SATURDAY, DECEMBER 13. 1851. + +Price Threepence. Stamped Edition 4_d._ + + + + +CONTENTS. + + Page + + + NOTES:-- + + Cowley and Gray. No. III. 465 + + Old Song: The Cuckold's Cap, by J. R. Relton 468 + + The Gododin, by Thomas Stephens 468 + + Folk Lore:--Lincolnshire Folk Lore 470 + + Minor Notes:--Modern Greek Names of Places--"There + is no mistake"--Remarkable Prophecy--The Ball that + killed Nelson--Gypsies 470 + + QUERIES:-- + + Dial Motto at Karlsbad 471 + + Suppressed Epilogue by Dryden, by Henry Campkin 472 + + Minor Queries:--Barrister--Indian Jugglers--Priory + of Hertford--Jacobus Creusius (or Crucius)--Clekit + House--Ballad on the Rising of the Vendée--Stanza on + Spenser's "Shepherd's Calendar"--Prophecy respecting + 1837--Lines on the Bible--En bon et poyer--"England + expects every man," &c.--Religious Houses in East + Sussex--Parish Registers, Right of Search, Fees + claimable--Bacon a Poet--Tregonwell Frampton--Weever + and Fuller; their Autographs wanted--Is the Badger + Amphibious? 472 + + MINOR QUERIES ANSWERED:--Royal Registers--Paul + Hoste--"Liber Mirabilis"--Saint Richard, King of + England--Saint Irene or St. Erini 474 + + REPLIES:-- + + Cockney 475 + + Replies to Minor Queries:--The Word Infortuner--Foreign + Ambassadors--Petition for the Recall from Spain of the + Duke of Wellington 476 + + MISCELLANEOUS:-- + + Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &c. 477 + + Books and Odd Volumes wanted 478 + + Notices to Correspondents 478 + + Advertisements 478 + + + + +Notes. + + +COWLEY AND GRAY, NO. III. + +Before again recurring to Gray's partiality for the poems of Cowley, I +will make a remark or two on Mr. Wakefield's edition of Gray. + +In his delightful "Ode to Adversity" Gray has written: + + "Daughter of Jove, relentless power, + Thou tamer of the human breast, + Whose _iron scourge, and tort'ring hour_, + The bad affright, afflict the best." + +Upon which Wakefield gives us this brilliant criticism: + + "'Torturing hour.' There seems to be some little impropriety and + incongruity in this. _Consistency_ of figure rather required some + _material_ image, like _iron scourge_ and _adamantine chain_." + +Afterwards he seems to speak diffidently of his own judgment, which is +rather an unusual thing in Mr. Wakefield. Well would it have been for +the reputations of Bentley, Johnson, and Wakefield, that, before +improving upon Milton and Gray and Collins, they had remembered the +words of a truly great critic, even Horace himself: + + "Sunt delicta tamen quibus ignovisse velimus: + Nam neque chorda sonum reddit quem vult manus et mens, + Poscentique gravem persæpe remittit acutum; + Nec semper feriet quodcunque minabitur arcus. + _Verum ubi plura nitent in carmine, non ego paucis + Offendar maculis, quas aut incuria fudit, + Aut humana parum cavit natura._" + + _Epist. ad Pisones_, 347. + +Not by any means that I am allowing in this case the existence of a +"macula," or an "incuria" either. To D'Israeli's _Curiosities of +Literature_ I think I am indebted for the remark, that Gray borrowed the +expressions from Milton: + + "When the _scourge_ + Inexorably, and _the torturing hour_ + Calls us to penance." + + _Par. Lost_, lib. ii. 90. + +It is therefore with Milton, and not with Gray, that Mr. Wakefield must +settle the matter. And in proof of my earnest sympathies with him during +the very unequal contest, I will console him with "proprieties," +"congruities," "consistencies of figure," and "material images," enough. + + "The lifted axe, the agonizing wheel, + Luke's iron crown, and Damien's bed of steel." + + Goldsmith's _Traveller_, ad finem. + +Or better for this purpose still: + + "Swords, daggers, bodkins, bearded arrows, spears, + Nails, pincers, crosses, gibbets, hurdles, ropes, + Tallons of griffins, paws and teeth of bears, + Tigre's and lyon's mouths, not iron hoops, + Racks, wheels, and trappados, brazen cauldrons which + Boiled with oil, huge tuns which flam'd with pitch." + + Beaumonts's _Psyche_, cant. XXII. v. 69. p. 330. + Cambridge, 1702. Folio. + +"Torturing hour" is used by Campbell in his _Pleasures of Hope_, Part +I.: + + "The martyr smiled beneath avenging power, + And braved the tyrant in his _torturing hour._" + +And, indeed, "sweetest Shakspeare, Fancy's child," had used it before +any of them: + + "Is there no play, to ease the anguish of a torturing hour." + + _Midsummer Night's Dream_, Act V. Sc. 1. + +Again, Gray writes in his truly sublime ode, "The Bard:" + + "On a rock, whose haughty brow + Frowns o'er old Conway's foaming flood, + Robed in the sable garb of woe, + With haggard eyes the poet _stood_, + (Loose his beard, and hoary hair + Stream'd, like a meteor, to the troubled air), + And with a master's hand, and prophet's fire, + Struck the deep sorrows of his lyre." + +Ordinary readers would have innocently supposed the above "pictured" +passage beyond all praise or criticism. "At non infelix" Wakefield: + + "A falcon, tow'ring in her pride of place, + Was by a mousing owl hawk'd at and kill'd." + + _Macbeth._ + +I must give his note as it stands, for I question whether the whole +range of verbal criticism could produce anything more ludicrous: + + "I wish Mr. Gray could have introduced a more poetical expression, + than the inactive term _stood_, into this fine passage: as + Shakspeare has, for instance, in his description of _Dover cliff_: + + 'Half way down + _Hangs_ one, that gathers samphire; dreadful trade!' + + _King Lear_, Act IV. Sc. 6. + + "Which is the same happy picture as that of Virgil: + + "'Dumosa _pendere_ procul de rupe videbo.' + + _Ecl._ I. 77." + +He might, when his hand was in, have adduced other passages also from +Virgil, _e.g._: + + "Imminet in rivi præstantis imaginis undam." + + _Culex_, 66. + +However, with all due respect for Mr. Wakefield's "happy pictures," I do +not see anything left, but his eyebrows, for the luckless bard to _hang +by_! He could not have _hung_ by his _hair_, which "stream'd like a +meteor to the troubled air;" nor yet by his _hands_, which "swept the +deep sorrows of his lyre." Besides, there can scarcely be more opposite +pictures than that of a man gathering samphire, or kids browsing, +amongst beetling rocks; and the commanding and awe-inspiring position in +which Gray ingeniously places his bard. The expressions chosen by +Virgil, Shakspeare, and Gray were each peculiarly suitable to the +particular objects in view. If Gray was thinking of Milton, as I +intimated in a former letter, he may have still kept him in mind: + + "Incens'd with indignation, Satan _stood_ + Unterrify'd, and like a comet burn'd, + That fires the length of Ophiuchus huge + In the Arctic sky, and from his horrid hair + Shakes pestilence and war." + + _Par. Lost_, lib. ii. 706. + +Or again: + + "On th' other side, Satan, alarm'd, + _Collecting all his might dilated stood_, + Like Teneriff or Atlas unremov'd: + His stature reach'd the sky, and on his crest + Sat Horror plum'd; nor wanted in his grasp + What seem'd both spear and shield." + + _Par. Lost_, lib. iv. 985. + +It would be easy to adduce similar instances from the ancient sources, +but I will only mention from Milton an illustration of the +συστρεψας of Demosthenes, and of the passionate abruptness with which +Gray commences "The Bard:" + + "As when of old some orator renown'd + In Athens or free Rome, where eloquence + Flourish'd, since mute, to some great cause addressed + _Stood in himself collected_, while each part, + Motion, each act won audience ere the tongue, + _Sometimes in height began, as no delay + Of preface brooking through his zeal of right_." + + _Par. Lost_, lib. ix. 670. + +Wakefield's hypercritical fastidiousness would have completely defeated +the intentions of Gray. His "Bard" had a mission to fulfil which could +not have been fulfilled by one suspended like king Solomon, in the +ancient Jewish traditions, or like Mahomet's coffin, mid-way between +heaven and earth. His cry was δος που στω, and the poet heard +him. And thus, from his majestic position, was not-- + + "Every burning word he spoke + Full of rage and full of grief?" + +In the full blaze of poetic phrensy, he flashes out at once with the +awfully grand and terrible exordium: + + "Ruin seize thee, ruthless king! + Confusion on thy banners wait! + Tho' fann'd by conquest's crimson wing, + They mock the air with idle state. + Helm, nor hauberk's twisted mail, + Nor e'en thy virtues, Tyrant, shall avail + To save thy secret soul from nightly fears, + From Cambria's curse, from Cambria's tears." + +Collins thus describes the passion of _anger_: + + "Next Anger rush'd;--his eyes on fire, + In lightnings own'd his secret stings: + In one rude clash he struck the lyre, + And swept with flurried hand the strings." + +Word-painting can go no farther. When, however, he comes to +_melancholy_, in lines which contain more suggestive beauty, as well as +more poetic _inspiration_, than perhaps any others of the same length +in the English language, how does he sing? + + "With eyes upraised, as one inspired, + Pale Melancholy _sate_ retired; + And, from her wild sequester'd seat, + In notes, by distance made more sweet, + Pour'd thro' the mellow horn her pensive soul: + And, dashing soft from rocks around, + Bubbling runnels join'd the sound; + Through glades and glooms the mingled measure stole, + Or o'er some haunted stream with fond delay, + Round a holy calm diffusing, + Love of peace, and lonely musing, + In hollow murmurs died away." + + _Ode on the Passions._ + +This is the concentrated essence of poetry. Surely Gray had _forgotten_ +Collins when he penned the beautiful lines: + + "But not to one in this benighted age, + Is that diviner inspiration given, + That burns in Shakspeare's or in Milton's page, + The pomp and prodigality of heaven, + As when conspiring in the diamond's blaze, + The meaner gems, that singly charm the sight, + Together dart their intermingled rays, + And dazzle with a luxury of light." + + _Stanzas to Mr. Bentley._ + +From a memorandum made by Gray himself, it is evident that he once had +contemplated placing his "Bard" in a _sitting_ posture; but I cannot but +rejoice that he altered his mind, for such breath-taking words could +never have been uttered in so composed and contented a posture. I give +part of it from Mr. Mason's edition: + + "The army of Edward I., as they marched through a deep valley, are + suddenly stopped by the appearance of a venerable figure, _seated_ + on the summit of an inaccessible rock; who, with a voice more than + human, reproaches the king with all the misery and desolation he + had brought on his country, &c., &c. His song ended, he + precipitates himself from the mountain, and is swallowed up by the + river that rolls at its foot."--Vol. i. p. 73. Lond. 1807. + +The last two lines of the passage before us-- + + "And with a master's hand, and prophet's fire, + _Struck the deep sorrows of his lyre_"-- + +remind us in some degree of Cowley: + + "Sic cecinit sanctus _vates_, digitosque volantes + Innumeris per fila modis trepidantia movit, + _Intimaque elicuit Medici miracula plectri_." + + _Davideidos_, lib. i. p. 13. + +Again: + + "Dear as the _light that visits these sad eyes_." + + Gray, _The Bard_. + + "Namque _oculis plus illa suis, plus lumine coeli + Dilexit_." + + _Davideidos_, lib. i. p. 14. + +And-- + + "The Attick warbler pours her _throat_." + + _Ode to Spring._ + + "Tum magnum tenui cecinerunt _gutture_ Numen." + + _Davideidos_, lib. i. p. 20. + +Also-- + + "The hues of bliss more brightly glow, + _Chastis'd_ by sabler tints of woe; + And blended form with artful strife, + The strength and harmony of life." + + Gray, _On the Pleasure arising from Vicissitude_. + +The word _chastised_ is similarly used by Cowley: + + "From Saul his growth, and manly strength he took, + _Chastised_ by bright Ahinoam's gentler look." + + _Davideidos_, lib. iv. p. 133. + +The _idea_ of the whole passage may be found in Pope: + + "Love, Hope, and Joy, fair Pleasure's smiling train; + Hate, Fear, and Grief, the family of Pain; + These mix'd with art, and to due bounds confin'd, + Make and maintain the balance of the mind; + _The lights and shades, whose well accorded strife, + Gives all the strength and colour of our life_." + + _Essay on Man_, Epist. II. + +Again: + + "Amazement in his van with Flight combin'd, + And Sorrow's faded form, and Solitude behind." + + Gray, _The Bard_. + + "Victorious arms thro' Ammon's land it bore, + Ruin behind, and terror march'd before." + + _Davideidos_, lib. iv. p. 135. + +Wakefield mentions some parallel passages, but omits the best of all: + + "A fire devoureth before them; and behind them a flame burneth: + the land is as the garden of Eden before them, and behind them a + desolate wilderness; Yea, and nothing shall escape them."--Joel, + ii. 3. + +In the "Ode on the Installation" Gray says: + + "Their tears, their little triumphs o'er + Their _human passions_ now no more." + +Wakefield dwells enraptured on the expression _human passions_. Cowley +speaks of "_humana quies_" (_Davideidos_, lib. i. p. 3.). Horace says: + + "---- Carminibus quæ versant atque venenis + _Humanos animos_."--_Sat._ viii. 19. lib. i. + +_Human passions_ is not, however, a _creation_ of Gray's; for, if not +anywhere else, he might have found the words very often in the writings +of William Law, as vigorous a prose writer as England can boast of since +the days of Dr. South. See his _answer_ to Dr. Trapp's _Not Righteous +overmuch_, p. 62., Lond. 1741; and his _Serious Call_, cap. xii. p. +137., and cap. xxi. p. 293., Lond. 1816. + +To mention its use by modern writers would be endless. I selected these +few passages on reading Mr. Wakefield's laudations, for otherwise I +should not perhaps have remarked the words as unusual. Wakefield adduces +from Pope's _Eloisa to Abelard_: + + "One _human tear_ shall drop, and be forgiven." + +"Noble rage," Gray's _Elegy_. "Noble rage," Cowley's _Davideidos_, lib. +iv. p. 137. Again, in the _Elegy_: + + "Save that from yonder ivy-mantled tower + The mopeing owl does to the moon complain + Of such as, wand'ring near her secret bower, + _Molest her ancient solitary reign_." + +Cowley, in describing the palace of Lucifer, has some fine sentences; +and amongst them: + + "Non hic gemmatis stillantia sidera guttis + _Impugnant sævæ jus inviolabile noctis_." + + _Davideidos_, lib. i. p. 3. + +And in English: + + "No gentle stars with their fair gems of light, + _Offend the tyrannous and unquestion'd night_." + + _Davideidos_, lib. i. p. 6. + +Akenside constantly used the adjective _human_ in different +conjunctions. + + RT. + + Warmington. + + +OLD SONG: THE CUCKOLD'S CAP. + +The following song I never saw in print. I knew an old lady, who fifty +years ago used to sing it. Is it known? + + Near Reading there lived a buxom young dame, + The wife of a miller, and Joan was her name; + And she had a hen of a wondrous size, + The like you never beheld with your eyes: + It had a red head, gay wings, yellow legs, + And every year laid her a bushel of eggs, + Which made her resolve for to set it with speed, + Because she'd a mind to have more of the breed. + + Now as she was setting her hen on a day, + A shepherd came by, and thus he did say: + "Oh, what are you doing?" She answered him then, + "I'm going to set my miraculous hen." + "O, Joan," said the shepherd, "to keep your eggs warm, + And that they may prosper and come to no harm, + You must set them all in a large cuckold's cap, + And then all your chickens will come to good hap." + + "O, I have no cuckold's cap, shepherd," said she, + "But nevertheless I'll be ruled by thee; + For this very moment I'll trudge up and down, + And borrow one, if there be one in the town." + So she went to the baker's, and thus she did say: + "O, lend me a cuckold's cap, neighbour, I pray, + For I'm going to set my miraculous hen, + And when that I've done with't, I'll bring it again." + + The baker's wife answered, and thus she replied: + "Had I got such a thing, you should not be denied; + But these nineteen or twenty years I have been wed, + And my husband ne'er had such a cap to his head. + But go to my cousin, who lives at the mill, + I know she had one, and she may have it still; + Tell her I sent you, she'll lend it, I know." + "Thank ye," says Joan, and away she did go. + + So, straight to the house of the miller she went, + And told her that she by her cousin was sent, + To borrow a thing which was wondrous rare, + 'Twas a large cuckold's cap, which her husband did wear. + "I do not dispute but such things there may be; + But why should my cousin, pray, send you to me? + For these nineteen or twenty years I've been a wife, + And my husband ne'er had such a cap in his life. + + "But go to the quaker who lives at the Swan, + I know she had one, and if 'tisn't gone, + Tell her to lend it to you for my sake, + Which I the same for a great favour shall take." + So she went to the house of old Yea and Nay, + And said to his wife, who was buxom and gay, + "I'm come for to borrow, if that you will lend, + A large cuckold's cap: I was sent by a friend." + + The quaker's wife answered and said, with a frown, + "Why, I've no such thing, if thou'dst give me a crown; + Besides, I'd not lend it, friend Joan, if I had, + For fear it should make my old husband run mad. + In town there are many young damsels, perhaps, + Who may be ingenious in making these caps, + But as for their names, I really can't say, + So, therefore, friend Joan, excuse me, I pray." + + Now Joan being tired and weary withal, + She said, "I've had no good fortune at all. + I find that it is the beginning of sorrow, + To trudge up and down among neighbours to borrow. + A large cuckold's cap I wanted indeed, + A thing of small value, and yet couldn't speed: + But, as I'm a woman, believe me," says Joan, + "Before it be long, I'll have one of my own." + + J. R. RELTON. + + +THE GODODIN. + +This poem, though not absolutely the earliest in point of date, is the +longest of the numerous poems produced among the Kymry of the north of +England during the sixth and seventh centuries. Two translations have +already appeared in English; one by the Rev. Edward Davies, the author +of _Celtic Researches_, and the other by a gentleman named Probert. Of +these the latter, though very imperfect and extremely defective, is the +only one which an English reader should consult; the version given by +Davies is only a very ingenious misrepresentation. The poem has no more +reference to Hengist than it has to the man-in-the-moon; and GOMER +might have suspected that a version which, without rule or reason, +deprived historic personages of their reality, could not have been +correct. _Every proper name mentioned in the Gododin may be shown +without any alteration to be those of persons living between 577 and +642._ The proof of this assertion, when carefully examined, is all but +overwhelming; but here I can only cite a few of the most tangible facts. +The design of the poem is thus described by the bard himself:-- + + "O ved O vuelin, + O Gattraeth werin, + Mi a na vi Aneurin + Ys gwyr Taliesin, + Oveg cyvrenhin + Neu cheing Ododin + Cyn gwawr dydd dilin." + +These lines may be thus translated:-- + + "Of mead from the mead horn, + Of the host of Cattraeth, + I, Aneurin, will do + What is known to Taliesin, + A man of kindred disposition. + Will I not sing of what befell + Gododin, before the break of day?" + +From frequent notices in other parts of the poem, we find that the +subject is the defeat of (the Ottadini) the men of Gododin, in a battle +which took place in the year 603, near Cattraeth, which may be +identified with the Cataracton of Ptolemy, the Cataract of Bede, and the +present Catterick in Yorkshire. The men of Gododin in this campaign were +in league with the Novantæ of Wigtonshire, the Britons of Strathclyde, +the Scots of Argyle, and the Picts of Fife and Perth. Of this army the +chiefs alone amounted to three hundred and sixty; but, to use the words +of the bard, "Mead brought shame on the best of armies;" and the chiefs, +on account of temporary success over a part of Ethelfrith's Northumbrian +army, spent the night in wild carousal. Overtures of peace were made to +them by Ethelfrith, and contemptuously rejected; they rushed pell-mell +to battle _before the break of day_; and the bard, seeing them falling +helplessly drunk from their horses, "drew a veil over his face and fled, +weeping on his way." I here assume that Cattraeth and Cataract are the +same place; and to cite only one of many evidences, the position of the +Ottadini in the immediate neighbourhood of Catterick, lends this view +strong confirmation. But there is here another assumption, to which I +invite the attention of English antiquaries. The _Anglo-Saxon Chronicle_ +relates the occurrence of a great battle between Ethelfrith of +Northumbria and the northern Britons in the year 603: of that battle the +site is variously named Degstan, Dægsanstane, and Egesanstane; but +antiquarian researches have not determined where Egesanstane was. Some +place it at Dawston, near Jedburg, in Scotland, and others at Dalston in +Cumberland; but all confess uncertainty. Now I assume that the place +called Egesanstane is more likely to be Siggeston, in the North Riding +of Yorkshire, which is about five or six miles east of Catterick; and +this conjecture is strongly supported by the fact that Ethelfrith in +this case was not the invader but the invaded, as it is said, "Hering, +the son of Hussa, led the enemy thither," to the dominions of +Ethelfrith, which were then but little else than the eastern coast of +Northumberland and Yorkshire. If this view be correct, our antiquaries +have hitherto been in error on this point; the site of the great battle +of 603 is no longer unknown; and Egesanstane and Cattraeth are only two +names for the same battle, just as another battle-field is variously +named the battle of Waterloo by us, and that of Mont St. Jean by the +French. + +Probert places the death of Aneurin in 570: the Gododin shows him to +have been an eyewitness of an event which took place in 642. Davies, +whose works are striking evidences of a powerful intellect completely +led astray, makes the subject to have been the reported massacre at +Stonehenge, which possibly never took place, but which he fixes in 472. +Now I have cited a passage which, referring to Taliesin as an authority, +implies that Aneurin was his junior; and Taliesin was living in 610. +Again, Davies makes an abortive attempt to get rid of the last poem of +Llywarch Hen, which shows him to have been living as late as the year +640, when most of his sons had fallen in battle. Llywarch himself was +either at the battle of Cattraeth, or assisted in organising the +campaign; for though not mentioned by Aneurin, he himself alludes to the +time "when we attacked the great-smoker-of-towns (Ethelfrith)." + +At this battle Aneurin was taken prisoner, and confined in "an earthen +house," from which he was released "by the bright sword of Cenau, the +son of Llywarch." The son of Llywarch could scarcely have been living in +472; and Davies in vain essays to get rid of this obdurate fact. This +passage in Aneurin-- + + "Under foot was gravel, + Stretched out was my leg + _In the subterranean house_, + And an iron chain + Was bound about my knees," + +shows the use of under-ground hovels to have extended far into the +historic period. + +One fact more, and this demonstration that Aneurin has been ante-dated +will be complete. The bard in three several places mentions a battle of +Mannan, in much the same way as we at this day speak of Waterloo; and it +is evident that, in the estimation of the bard and his countrymen, the +battle of Mannan was the last great event before the battle of +Cattraeth. The first of these passages is-- + + "Caeawe Cymnyviat cyvlat Erwyt + . . . . . . + Rae ergit _Cadfannan_ catwyt." + + "_Caeog_ was a conflictor with destructive pikes. + . . . . . . + He was preserved from the blows of Mannan-fight." + +_Cæog_, whom Davies converts into the adjective "adorned," was the +brother of Cynddylan, Prince of Powys (_Elegies of Llywarch Hen_, p. +70.). On the death of his brother in 577, he went to North Briton; he +escaped from the blows of Mannan, and _afterwards_ fell at Cattraeth. +Again, of a chief named Twrch it is said:-- + + "He loved the battling of spears, + At Mannan, and before Aldud the renowned." + + "Emyt af crennyt y gat waewawr + Catvannan yr Aelut clodvawr." + +Again he says of another chief:-- + + "Yn dieding . . . . . + Ac Adan Cadvannan cochre, + Veirch marchawg goddrud y more." + + "Resistless + As Aeddan of the blood-stained steeds of Mannan-fight, + He was an impetuous rider that morning." + +Here we have three separate proofs of the fact, that Cadvannan was +anterior to the battle of Cattraeth: now when and where did that take +place? In the year 582, and probably at Clackmannan, on the Firth of +Forth in Scotland. Here is my authority (_Annals of Ulster_): + + "DLXXXII. Bellum Manan, in quo victor erat Aodhan Mar Gawran." + +The battle of Cattraeth must be that of 603, at which Aeddan was also +present. + +These few annotations from a new translation of _The Gododin_ now in +MS., will, it is hoped, satisfy your correspondent GOMER that I am +justified in repeating the views of Davies. Should he wish to get a +correct text, and a judicious version of _The Gododin_, he had better +subscribe to a translation by the Rev. J. Williams (author of the +_Ecclesiastical Antiquities of the Cymry_), now about to issue from the +Llandovery press, at a very moderate price. Probert's translation is +very scarce. + +Is there no tradition of this battle at Sigston? + + THOS. STEPHENS. + + +FOLK LORE. + +_Lincolnshire Folk Lore._--The following, illustrating as it does a +superstition still very prevalent in Lincolnshire, may interest some of +your readers. I transcribed it a few days ago in the British Museum from +Holly's _Lincolnshire Notes_, vol. iii. fol. 358.:-- + + "The other I receaued from Mr. Thomas Codd, minister of Laceby in + Linc, w[=c]h he gave under his owne hand; he himself being a + native of ye place where this same happened, and it was thus: + + "At Axholme, alias Haxey, in ye Isle, one Mr. Edward Vicars + (curate to Mr. Wm. Dalby, vicar), together with one Robert + Hallywell a taylor, intending on St. Marke's even at night to + watch in ye church porch to see who shoud die in ye yeare + following (to this purpose using divers ceremonies), they + addressing themselues to the busines, Vicars (being then in his + chamber) wished Hallywell to be going before and he would + p[=s]ently follow him. Vicars fell asleep, and Hallywell + (attending his coming in ye church porch) forthwith sees certaine + shapes p[=s]nting themselves to his view, resemblances (as he + thought) of diuers of his neighbours, who he did nominate; and all + of them dyed the yeare following; and Vicars himselfe (being + asleep) his phantome was seen of him also, and dyed with ye rest. + This sight made Hallywell so agast that he looks like a Ghoast + ever since. The lord Sheffield (hearing this relation) sent for + Hallywell to receiue account of it. The fellow fearing my Lord + would cause him to watch the church porch againe he hid himselfe + in the Carrs till he was almost starued. The number of those that + died (whose phantasmes Hallywell saw) was as I take it about fower + score. + + "Tho. Cod, Rector Ecclie de Laceby." + + EDWARD PEACOCK. + + Bottesford Moors, Messingham, Kirton in Lindsey. + + +Minor Notes. + +_Modern Greek Names of Places._--It is commonly stated in books of +geography that the modern name of Athens is _Statines_. In Hennin's +_Manuel de Numismatique Ancienne_ it is stated to be _Satines_ or +_Atini_; and Mr. Akerman, in his most excellent _Numismatic Manual_, +makes the same statement. We find it stated also universally that the +modern name of Cos is _Stanco_; and this has been repeated in all maps +and charts until the recently published Admiralty Chart, No. VI. of the +Archipelago series, where it is called _Cos_. + +The origin of this and other similar blunders is curious. Athens retains +its plural termination, and is always used with the article, +αι Αθηναι. If you ask a peasant walking from the Piræus whither he is +going, he will answer you, Εις τας Αθηνας, but will rapidly +enunciate it as follows, 'σ'τ'σΑθηνας, whence _Statines_, +lately reduced to _Satines_. + +I am surprised that Cos was not set down as _Stinco_ rather than +_Stanco_, for if you hail a Coan vessel, and ask whither it is bound, +the καραβουκυρι, or skiff-master, would certainly reply +στην Κῳ, if Cos were his destination. + +I find that both M. Hennin and Mr. Akerman assert that Thebes is now +called _Stives_. I conversed with a noble-looking youth on the ruins of +Eleusis, and asking him from what part of the country he came, I shall +not easily forget the stately dignity with which he tossed his capote +over his shoulder, and answered ειμι Θηβαίος--I am a Theban. +The bold Boeotian would have stared in amazement had I spoken to him of +_Stives_, although, if homeward-bound, he would have said he was going +'σ τας Θηβας. + +The Turks have made Istambol or Stamboul out of στην πολιν; and +we may, perhaps, hear from our friends, the Nepaulese ambassadors, that +the capital of England is called _Tolondon_, and that of France _Apari_. + + L. H. J. T. + +"_There is no mistake._"--The Duke of Wellington's reply to Mr. +Huskisson, "There is no mistake," has become familiar in the mouths of +both those who remember the political circumstances that gave rise to +it, and those who have received it traditionally, without inquiring into +the origin of it. You may perhaps think it worthy of a "Note" that this +was not the first occasion on which the Duke used those celebrated +words. The Duke (then Earl of Wellington) in a private letter to Lord +Bathurst, dated Flores de Avila, 24th July, 1812, writes in the +following easy style: + + "I hope that you will be pleased with _our_ battle, of which the + dispatch contains as accurate an account as I can give you. _There + was no mistake_, everything went on as it ought; and there never + was an army so beaten in so short a time." + +The whole letter is well deserving of insertion; but my object is simply +to draw attention to the occasion on which the Duke first used the +sentence now so well known. + + F. W. J. + +_Remarkable Prophecy._--The following prediction of St. Cæsario, Bishop +of Arles, in the year 542, may not be considered void of interest at the +present moment. It is taken from a book, entitled _Liber Mirabilis_, +printed in Gothic characters, and deposited in the Royal Library, +Paris:-- + + "The administration of the kingdom, France, will be so blended, + that they shall leave it without defenders. The hand of God shall + extend itself over them, and over all rich; all the nobles shall + be deprived of their estates and dignity; a division shall spring + up in the church of God, and there shall be two husbands, the one + true, and the other adulterous. The legitimate husband shall be + put to flight; there shall be great carnage, and as great a + profusion of blood as in the day of the Gentiles. The universal + church and the whole world shall deplore the ruin and destruction + of a most celebrated city, the capital and mistress of France. The + altars of the temple shall be destroyed, the holy virgins outraged + shall fly from their seats, and the whole church shall be stripped + of her temporal gods; but at length the black eagle and the lion + shall appear hovering from far countries. Misery to thee, O city + of philosophy! thou shalt be subjected! A captive humbled even to + confusion, shall at last receive his crown, and destroy the + children of Brutus." + + ALPHA. + +_The Ball that killed Nelson_ (Vol. iv., p. 174.).-- + + "The musket-ball that killed Nelson is now in the possession of + the Rev. F. W. Baker, of Bathwick, near Bath. A considerable + portion of the gold lace, pad, and silk cord of the epaulette, + with a piece of coat, were found attached to it. The gold lace was + as firmly fixed as if it had been inserted into the metal while in + a state of fusion. The ball, together with the lace, &c., was + mounted in crystal and silver, and presented by Captain Hardy to + the late Sir William Beattie, the surgeon of the Victory." + +I have extracted this from the _Illustrated London News_, First Number. +If this relic be now in the possession of Prince Albert, I presume it +became his by purchase or presentation from the above-named gentleman. + + BLOWEN. + +_Gypsies._--The Indian origin of the numerals of this people is evident +from the following comparison: + + Sanscrit. Hungarian Spanish + Gypsy. Gitáno. + 1. eka jek yeque + 2. dwaou dui dui + 3. traya trin trin + 4. tchatouara schtar estar + 5. panyntcha pansch pansche + 6. chach tschov job + 7. sapta efta hefta + 8. achtaou ochto otor + 9. nava enija esnia + 10. dasa dösch deque + +The Sanscrit must be read with a French pronunciation, being from +Balbi's _Atlas Ethnographique_; the Hungarian Gypsy as German, and the +last as Spanish; the two latter are from Borrow's _Zuicali_, vol. ii. p. +118. + + T. J. BUCKTON. + + Lichfield. + + + + +Queries. + + +DIAL MOTTO AT KARLSBAD. + +The inclosed inscription was brought over for me from Karlsbad by the +late Lord Chief Justice Tindal. Can any one throw light upon the capital +letters? I give it copied exactly from Sir Nicholas Tindal's writing, +with his observation beneath, and may safely venture to warrant _his_ +accuracy. It might be supposed to be a chronogram, but for the +introduction of the letter "E." + + "_Motto from a Dial formed on the two Sides of the Angle of a + House at Karlsbad._ + + "'Hora Hor[I]s [CE]d[I]t, pere[V]nt s[IC] Te[M]pora nob[I]s, + [V]t t[I]b[I] f[I]nal[I]s s[I]t bona, [VIV]e benè.' + + "The letters which are written in capitals were so in the original + inscription, and were coloured red: probably the anagram of some + one's name is concealed under them." + +Having been a collector of existing dial mottoes for many years, I shall +feel greatly obliged to any of your correspondents who will inform me +of remarkable ones in their own neighborhood. + +There are four--one in English, one in Latin, one in Greek, and one in +Hebrew--on the keep of Carlisle Castle; but though I possess the three +former, I have not the last, and should be very glad to obtain it, if +possible. + +There is a motto at Bonneville in Switzerland, as I have been told: + + "Soli Soli Soli." + +What can be the interpretation thereof? + +Of course I am acquainted with Leadbetter's _Art of Dialling_, and the +curious list of mottoes he gives, together with the still more curious +translations of the same; as _e.g._ + + "Aut Cæsar, aut nullus." + (I shine, or shroud!) + +Or-- + + "Sic transit gloria mundi:" + (So marches the god of day!!) + +But what I want is, mottoes from dials actually in existence. + + HERMES. + + +SUPPRESSED EPILOGUE BY DRYDEN. + +Mr. Payne Collier communicates to the _Athenæum_ of the 22nd November, +1851, an interesting letter relative to an unspoken epilogue to Dryden, +and Nat Lee's famous tragedy of _The Duke of Guise_. This rare +composition, entitled "Another Epilogue intended to have been spoken to +the Play before it was forbidden last Summer, written by Mr. Dryden," +occurs in conjunction with the Prologue and Epilogue which were actually +spoken, upon a separate sheet of foolscap; in which shape, as Mr. +Collier informs us, they were often printed for sale at the playhouse +doors. Mr. Collier's acceptable communication suggests a Query or two. +At the end of my copy of this play, the 4to. edit. of 1687, is the +following + + "ADVERTISEMENT. + + "There was a Preface intended to this play, in vindication of it, + against two scurrilous libels lately printed. But it was judged, + that a defence of this nature would require more room than a + preface would reasonably allow. For this cause, and for the + importunity of the stationers, who hastened their impression, 'tis + deferred for some little time, and will be printed by itself. Most + men are already of opinion that neither of the pamphlets deserve + an answer, because they are stuffed with open falsities, and + sometimes contradict each other; but, for once, they shall have a + day or two thrown away upon them, tho' I break an old custom for + their sakes, which was to scorn them." + +Was this threatened preface ever issued? Are the "two scurrilous libels" +here spoken of so scornfully, known to be in existence? + +The new-found Epilogue belongs as much to the political as to the +dramatic history of those troublous times; and let us hope, _maugre_ the +unfortunate coarseness of the school to which it belongs, that Mr. +Collier will some day present us with a reprint of it _in toto_, +accompanied by the above noted preface, if it exist. There is ample +matter, as the pages of "NOTES AND QUERIES" have lately shown, for a new +volume of Dryden Miscellanies. + + HENRY CAMPKIN. + + +Minor Queries. + +332. _Barrister._--Can any of your correspondents refer me to the etymon +of this name, given to a vocation attached to our English courts of law? +I can find none even in the comprehensive _Etymological Dictionary_ of +Nat. Bailey, unless, indeed, by dividing the word into two portions, +viz. "bar" and "rister," and then, with a little of the critic's +license, assuming that the latter half might originally have been +written "roister." But as this analysis would _render_ it so little +characteristic of the class so named, and would strongly imply that some +portion at least of that distinguished body was once viewed as the +"roisters," _i.e._ "bullies and blusterers," of that division of our +courts called "the Bar," it is evident that we cannot reasonably look +for the derivation of the latter part of the word from that source. But +still, as there may be those who are inclined, in spite of these cogent +objections, to doubt whether this may be its true etymon; and it is fit +that any such lurking and slanderous suspicion should be dispelled from +every sceptic mind, some one of your curious and learned correspondents, +anxious to effect it, will, perhaps, tax his etymological skill to the +suggestion of a less offensive, and more just and appropriate +derivation, than "Bar-roister." + + W. Y. + +333. _Indian Jugglers._--Can any of your readers favour me with +references to any works containing an account of the trick practised by +jugglers in the East Indies, and known there by the name of "growing a +mango?" In performing this trick a seed is planted in a pot or basket of +earth, which is then covered up from the sight by a cloth or other wire; +in a little time this is removed, and the seed is seen to have +germinated, and its growth is similarly shown in successive stages, the +last of which exhibits the plant in fruit. Hundreds of Europeans have +seen the trick, but I have never heard of any one who was able to detect +the successive substitutions in which it obviously consists. I do not at +present recollect the name of any author who takes any notice of it. + + N. + +334. _Priory of Hertford._--The Priory of Hertford was founded by Ralph +de Limesey and his wife Hadewise, some time after the Conquest. Can any +of your antiquarian correspondents inform me in what year this took +place? + +The Rev. DR. ROCK had the politeness to answer my Query respecting the +Abbot Eustacius; perhaps he could oblige me by solving the present one. + + J. L. + +335. _Jacobus Creusius_ (_or Crucius_).--_Jacobi Creusii Theologi et +Medici, Frisii, Victimas Humanas._ I should be greatly obliged by any +information respecting the author, or the book, which I find so +mentioned in a MS. of 1677. + + S. W. RIX. + + Beccles. + +336. _Clekit House._--In the will of John Buttery of Bury, 1557, is this +item: + + "My capitall mesuage, with the maltinge house and the tenement + called Banyards, with all the gardaines, yards, and close, to them + belonginge,--except the ij tenements called the _Clekit_ House." + +What is the meaning of _Clekit_? In the E.-Anglian dialect, _clicket_ is +"to chatter." Phillips has "CLICKET, the knocker of a door, but Chaucer +uses it for a key." + + BURIENSIS. + +337. _Ballad on the Rising of the Vendée._--Who is the author of a +modern ballad on the Rising of the Vendée, of which the last lines are-- + + "We crush'd, like ripen grapes, Montreuil, we tore + down old Vetier-- + We charged them with our naked breasts, and took them + with a cheer-- + We'll hunt the robbers through the land, from Seine to + sparkling Rhone. + Now 'Here's a health to all we love: our King shall + have his own!'" + + D. B. J. + +338. _Stanza on Spenser's "Shepherd's Calender."_--In some of the early +quarto editions of Spenser, in the "Shepherd's Calender," June, there is +a stanza which in almost all the subsequent folio editions is omitted. I +shall be much obliged for any information as to when and why it was left +out; in the copies in which it appears it is the twelfth stanza, and is +as follows:-- + + "Now dead he is, and lieth wrapt in led, + (O why should death on him such outrage show?) + And all his passing skill with him is fled, + The fame whereof doth daily greater grow; + But if on me some little drops would flow + Of that the spring was in his learned head, + I soon should learn these words to wail my woe, + And teach the trees their trickling tears to shed." + +The last line is a good specimen of alliteration. + + E. N. W. + + Southwark, Nov. 17. 1851. + +339. _Prophecy respecting 1837._--I remember seeing in the year 1837, I +think in one of the morning papers, the following lines, which were +said, as far as my memory serves me, to have been taken from an old +almanac, in which they were prophetical of what should happen in the +above-named year:-- + + "By the power to see through the ways of Heaven, + In one thousand eight hundred and thirty-seven, + Shall the year pass away without any spring, + And on England's throne shall not sit a king." + +Can any of your readers inform me whether these lines were only composed +after the events related took place--that is, at the time the lines +appeared in the paper in which I saw them, or whether they are really to +be found in any old almanac; and if so, in what almanac, and in what +year? + + N. L. N. + + Maidstone. + +340. _Lines on the Bible._--In a small volume of Sacred Poetry, in the +possession of a friend of mine, the following lines on the Bible are +ascribed to Byron: + + "Within this awful volume lies + The mystery of mysteries; + Oh! happiest they of human race + To whom our God has given grace + To hear, to read, to fear, to pray, + To lift the latch, and force the way: + But better had they ne'er been born + Who read to doubt, or read to scorn." + +Not having met with these lines in the works of Lord Byron, can any of +your readers say whether they are his, or not, or who is the author? + + JOHN ALGOR. + + Sheffield. + +341. _En bon et poyer._--The family of Cockayne of Ashbourne, co. Derby, +used as a motto upon their seals, in the fourteenth century, the +following words, "En bon et poyer." This has been explained to mean, +"Boni est posse," or "Right is might." Can any of your readers suggest +anything to confirm or throw doubt on this interpretation? + + FRANCIS M. NICHOLS. + +342. _"England expects every man," &c._--For nearly fifty years our +countrymen have taught their children Nelson's last signal-- + + "England expects every man to do his duty." + +Such was my impression of this emphatic form of words. I am surprised to +see upon the column in Trafalgar Square, + + "England expects every man _will_ do his duty." + +Pray is there any authority for the inscription as it there stands? + + E. N. H. + +343. _Religious Houses in East Sussex._--Can any of your readers refer +me to any sources of information, printed or in manuscript, in addition +to those mentioned in the last edition of Dugdale's _Monasticon_, +respecting the following religious houses in East Sussex: _Otham_, +_Bayham_, _Michelham_, _Robertsbridge_? + + E. V. + +344. _Parish Registers--Right of Search--Fees claimable._--Considerable +attention has of late been excited with reference to the difficulties +attending the ordinary means of access to various public depositories of +documentary evidence in this country. In some of these departments, the +commencement of a welcome reform is already apparent; others, it is but +reasonable to hope, will, ere long, yield to the frank and inquisitive +spirit of the times in this respect. The present communication is +confined to a very wide, though less dignified source of official +information, viz. Parish Registers. I am sure I need not say one word to +illustrate the importance of the last-mentioned class of evidence to the +genealogist, the topographer, or the archæological inquirer in +general,--in one word, to those who enter into the spirit of the "NOTES +AND QUERIES." I beg, therefore, to submit the following inquiries: + +1. Have the actual parishioners of a place a right to consult their own +register of baptisms, marriages, and burials, _gratuitously_? If not:-- + +2. What fee is _legally_ demandable,--and by whom,--and under what +restrictions? And-- + +3. Do the terms differ when the inquirer is not a _parishioner_? If so, +in what respect do they differ? + +These inquiries have reference to the contents of the chests kept in, or +in connection with, parochial churches and chapels, and not to those in +the custody of the modern "Registrar." I need scarcely add, that my +concern is with the strictly _legal_ rights of search, and demand of +fees; and not as to what courtesy may concede, or usage sanction. + + D. + + Rotherfield. + +345. _Bacon a Poet._--In Boswell's Journal of his _Tour to the Hebrides_ +he quotes the subjoined couplet, premising, "As Bacon says-- + + "Who then to frail mortality shall trust, + But limns the water, or but writes in dust." + +Is not _Bacon_ here a slip of the pen or press? Sir Nicholas Bacon, Lord +Bacon, and Bacon the sculptor, are the only conspicuous men of the name, +and none of them that I know wrote verses. + + R. CS. + +346. _Tregonwell Frampton._--Where can I obtain any particulars of the +life of Tregonwell Frampton, Esq., commonly called the "Father of the +Turf," who died at an advanced age about 1727-8. Reference is made to +him in the _Rambler_. + + T. R. W. + +347. _Weever and Fuller--their Autographs wanted._--Can any of your +readers direct the etcher of a portrait of Weever, where to find his +autograph, from which to make a copy to illustrate it? It is not to be +found in the British Museum. The extreme paucity of information +respecting this worthy is somewhat strange, considering the value of his +contributions to literature. In our leading biographies and cyclopædias +his name does not occur. By-the-bye, where was he buried, and what +inscription is there on his "funeral monument?" + +An etched portrait is about to be published in the next part of the +_Antiquarian Etching Club_, of Fuller, the author of _Worthies_, _Church +History_, &c., without a copy of his signature for the same reason, +unless one should be discovered. + +It has been suggested that search made in the library of Queen's +College, Cambridge, might prove successful in both cases, from the fact +of their having both belonged to that college. Perhaps some member of +the university would kindly undertake the inquiry. + + A. E. C. + +348. _Is the Badger Amphibious?_--Turner (_Sacred History of the World_, +Letter XV. vol. i. p. 428. 4th edit. 1833) says: + + "The beaver, otter, and _badger_ are _amphibious_ creatures, but + not oviparous." + +Surely this is a mistake, and worthy of a Note? I cannot find the badger +mentioned as an _amphibious_ animal in any modern zoology. I certainly +have not by me Kerr's _Linnæus_ to refer to, as a verification of Sharon +Turner's note on this passage. + + CHARLES PASLAM. + + +Minor Queries Answered. + +_Royal Registers._--I have nine volumes of a work published by Bew, +Paternoster Row, and which appeared from 1778 to 1784, pretending to +give sketches of the characters of public men by his Majesty. Can any of +your correspondents inform me who was the writer, and what number of +volumes were published? + + B. + + [This literary curiosity was completed in nine volumes, which are + sometimes bound in three. In 1841 Mr. H. G. Bohn advertised a copy + with all the names filled up in manuscript, the initials being no + doubt sufficiently intelligible at that time. For a notion of the + work on its first appearance, see the _Gentleman's Magazine_, vol. + xlviii. p. 130.] + +_Paul Hoste._--Paul Hoste, a Jesuit, published early in the seventeenth +century a small quarto with diagrams on "Breaking the Line," so much +discussed, as being first done in Rodney's action. If any one can give +me some account of Paul Hoste and his _scientific_ views on naval +architecture, the information will be acceptable to + + ÆGROTUS. + + [See Chalmers' and Gorton's _Biographical Dictionaries_; Moreri, + _Le Grand Dictionnaire_, and _Nouveau Dictionnaire Historique, + s.v._] + +"_Liber Mirabilis._"--Can any of your readers inform me if there be a +copy of the _Liber Mirabilis_ in any library in the United Kingdom? It +contains a remarkable prediction of St. Cæsario, Bishop of Arles, in the +year 542. The work is printed in Gothic characters, and there is a copy +in the Royal Library, Paris. + + CLERICUS. + + Dublin. + + [A copy is in the library of the British Museum, consisting of two + parts. Part I. is in Latin, and Part II. in French, 4to., 1523.] + +_Saint Richard, King of England._--In the Romish Calendar we find, on +the 7th February, amongst other saints, "Saint Richard, King of +England." Which of our Richards does this refer to? I have never read in +history of any of them having been canonized, nor should I have thought +any of them at all a likely candidate for that honour; but if such was +really the case, I presume that Coeur de Lion must be the man, and that +his valour in the Crusades was suffered to outweigh his many other +unsaintly qualities. + + J. S. WARDEN. + + Balica. + + [St. Richard was an English prince, in the kingdom of the West + Saxons, which it is probable he renounced that he might dedicate + himself to the pursuit of Christian perfection. About the year + 722, on his way to Rome, he died suddenly at Lucca in Italy. See + Butler's _Lives of the Saints_, Feb. 7.] + +_Saint Irene or St. Erini._--Can any of your correspondents direct me to +where information may be found regarding the Saint Irene or St. Erini, +from whom the Grecian island of Santorin takes its name? + + Σ. + + Bristol Dec. 1. 1851. + + [Irene, Empress of Constantinople, A.D. 797-802, was one of the + most extraordinary women in Byzantine history. The Greeks have + placed her among their saints, and celebrate her memory on the + 15th of August. Consult Smith's _Dictionary of Greek and Roman + Biography and Mythology_, and Gibbon's _Decline and Fall_, chap. + xlviii.] + + + + +Replies. + + +COCKNEY. + +(Vol. iv., pp. 273. 318.) + +The following passages collected from various sources, will perhaps help +to illustrate the origin and the several meanings of this word +_Cockney_:-- + +Fuller's first sense is-- + + "One coaks'd or cockered, made a wanton or nestle-cock of, + delicately bred and brought up, so that when grown men or women + they can endure no hardship, nor comport with pains taking." + + "'Tis not their fault, but our mothers', our cockering mothers, + who for their labour make us to be called _Cockneys_."--Dekker, _A + Knight's Conjuring_, 1607. + + "And when this jape is told another day + I shall be halden a daffe or a _Cokenay_." + + Chaucer, _The Reve's Tale_. + +The following extracts will show that to this first sense Fuller might +have added, _one abundantly and daintily fed:_-- + + "Unlesse it be shortly considered, and that faukons be broughte to + _a more homelye diete_, it is ryght likely, that within a shorte + space of yeares, our familiar pultry shall be as scarse, as be now + partriche and fesaunte. I speake not this in disprayse of the + faukons, but of them whiche keepeth them lyke _Cokeneys_."--Elyot, + _The Governour_, 1557. + + "Some again are in the other extreme, and draw this mischief on + their heads by too ceremonious and strict diet, being over precise + _cockney-like_, and curious in their observation of + meats."--Burton. _Anatomy of Melancholy_. + +Fuller's second sense is-- + + "One utterly ignorant of husbandry and huswifery such as is + practised in the country, so that he may be easily persuaded + anything about rural commodities, and the original thereof." + +He relates the old _cock-neigh_ story, and adds another jest of a +similar kind: + + "One merrily persuaded a she-citizen, that seeing _malt_ did not + grow, the good huswives in the country did spin it; 'I knew as + much,' said the _Cockney_, 'for one may see the threads hang out + at the ends thereof." + +Shakspeare uses the word _Cockney_ in this latter sense in _King Lear_, +Act II. Sc. 4.: + + "_Lear._ Oh me, my heart, my rising heart! But down." + + "_Fool._ Cry to it, nuncle, as the _Cockney_ did to the eels, when + she put 'em i' th' paste alive; she knapt 'em o' th' coxcombs with + a stick, and cried 'Down, wantons, down;' 'twas her brother, that + in pure kindness to his horse buttered his hay." + +_Cokeney_ was apparently used in very early times to designate _London_. +In the _Britannia_, art. "Suffolk," Hugh Bigod, a rebellious baron in +the time of Henry II., boasts thus: + + "Were I in my castle of Bungey, + Upon the river Waveney, + I would ne care for the King of _Cockeney_." + +I conceive that _Cokeney_ in this sense is derived from the Anglo-Saxon +word _cycene_, a kitchen or cooking place. Nares, however, in his +_Glossary_, says: + + "Le pais de cocagne, in French, means a country of good cheer; in + old French _coquaine_; cocagna, in Italian, has the same meaning. + Both might be derived from _coquina_. This famous country, if it + could be found, is described as a region 'where the hills were + made of sugar-candy, and the loaves ran down the hills, crying + 'Come eat me, _come eat me_.'" + +Hickes gives, in his _Anglo-Saxon Grammar_, an ancient poem, describing +the plenteous land of _Cokeney_ or _Cokaigne_: + + "Fur in see hi west Spaynge + Is a lond ihote Cocaygne + Ther nis lond under hevenriche + Of wel of goodnis hit iliche + In Cokaygne is met and drink + Withute care, how, and swink + ....... + Ther nis lac of met no cloth + ....... + Ther beth rivers gret and fine + Of oile, melk, honi and wine. + Water seruith ther to nothing + Bot to siyt and to waussing. + ....... + Ther is a wel fair abbei + Of white monkes and of grei + ....... + The gees irostid on the spitte + Fleey to that abbai, god hit wot, + And gredith 'gees al hote, al hot.'" + +Shakspeare's use of _Cockney_, in _Twelfth Night_, Act IV. Sc. 1., is +somewhat obscure; but I conceive that the Clown means to express his +opinion that the world is already replete with folly: + + "_Seb._ I prithee vent thy folly somewhere else; thou know'st + not me. + + "_Clown._ Vent my folly! He has heard that word of some great + man, and now applies it to a fool. Vent my folly! I am + afraid this great lubber, the world, will prove a + _Cockney_." + +The Clown probably intends to say, that to vent his folly to the world +will be like sending coals to Newcastle, or provisions to _Cocagne_; for +that, as regards folly, this great lubber the world will prove to be a +_Cocagne_ or _Cokeney_, _i.e._ a land of plenty. He may, however, mean +to hint, in a round-about way, that _Cockneys_, or natives of London, +are full of folly; or that the world is as well supplied with folly as a +_Cockney_ is with food. + +I do not know whether I committed a _Cockney_, a _clerical_, or a +_canonical_ error, when I wrote the name of Chaucer under the following +lines instead of the word _Cokeney_:-- + + "I have no peny, quod Pierce, polettes for to bie, + Ne neither gose ne grys, but two grene cheses, + A few curdes and creame, and an haver cake, + And two loves of beanes and branne, bake for mi folke, + And yet I say by my soule, I have no salt bacon + Ne no _Cokeney_, by Christe, coloppes to make." + + _The Vision of Pierce Plowman_, printed 1550. + + "At that fest thay wer seruyd with a ryche aray, + Every fyve and fyve had a _Cokenay_." + + _The Turnament of Tottenham._ + +The sentence for which I am responsible, p. 318., should read thus: +"_Cokeney_, in the above lines quoted by Webster, probably refers to any +substantial dish of fresh meat which might be cut in collops." I may add +that this use of the word brings it into close alliance with the +Anglo-Saxon word _cocnunga_, signifying _things cooked_, _pies_, +_puddings_, and _cock's-meat_. + +The French and Neapolitan festivals, called _cocagne_ and _cocagna_, +appear to have presented themselves in this country under the form of +Cockneys' feasts and revels conducted by the King of Cockneys. Strype, +in the first appendix to his edition of Stow's _London_, under the head +"Stepney," describes at some length "The Cockney's Feast of Stepney;" +and Dugdale, in his _Origines Juridiciales_, recapitulates an order +entered on the _Register of Lincoln's Inn_, vol. iv. fo. 81a, in the 9th +of Henry VIII.: + + "That the _King of Cockneys_ in Childermass-day should sit and + have due service, and that he and all his officers should use + honest and lawful manner and good order, without any waste of + destruction making, in wine, brawn, chely, or other victuals: as + also that he, his marshal, butler, and constable marshal, should + have their lawful and honest commandments by delivery of the + officers of Christmas: and that the said King of Cockneys, ne none + of his officers, medyll neither in the buttry nor in the Stuard of + Christmass his office--upon pain of xi's. for every such medling. + And lastly, that Jack Straw and all his adherents should be + thenceforth utterly banisht, and no more to be used in this house + upon pain to forfeit, for every time five pounds, to be levied on + every fellow hapning to offend against this rule." + +Some obliging bencher of Lincoln's Inn will perhaps have the goodness to +examine, or to permit me to examine the _Register_, to ascertain whether +this potentate was king of Cockneys, as Dugdale has it, or of Cockney. + + A LONDONER. + + +Replies to Minor Queries. + +_The Word Infortuner_ (Vol. iv., p. 328.).--J. C. W. enquires, "Is +_infortuner_ to be found in any old Dictionary?" I would state that I +have not been able to find it; but in Cockeram's _English Dictionarie_, +1639, I find "_Infortunate_, unhappy;" and in Bailey's _Dictionary_, +vol. i. 1753, "_Infortunate_, unhappy, unlucky;" "_Infortune_, +misfortune," referred to Chaucer; "_Infortunes_, an astrological term, +applied to Saturn and Mars, because of their unfortunate influences;" +"_Infortunid_, unfortunate," referred to Chaucer; and in vol. ii of +Bailey's _Dictionary_, 1727, I find "_Infortunateness_, unhappiness, +unluckiness." It is singular that Cockeram gives "infortunate" in his +first alphabet, which, he says, in his preface, "hath the _choicest_ +words now in use, wherewith our language is enriched." "Unfortunate" he +places in the second alphabet, which, he says, "contains the _vulgar_ +words." Neither Cole's _English Dictionary_, 1685, nor Blount's +_Glossographia_, 1670, nor Phillips' _World of Words_, 1678, contain the +word "unfortunate" in any of its terminations or applications. Mr. +Halliwell, in his _Dictionary of Provincial Words_, gives the word +"_Infortune_, misfortune," deriving it from the Anglo-Norman. + +Whilst referring thus to our early lexicographers, allow me to allude +to an anecdote respecting, Dr. Adam Lyttleton, who, when compiling his +Latin Dictionary, announced the verb "concurro" to his amanuensis; the +latter, imagining, from an affinity of sound, that the first two +syllables gave the English meaning of the verb, said, "_Concur_, I +suppose, sir." To which the Doctor peevishly replied, "_Concur_, +condog." The scribe wrote down what he supposed his employer dictated, +and the word "condog" was inserted, and stands as one interpretation of +"concurro" in the first edition of the Dictionary; it is, of course, +expunged from subsequent ones. I give this statement as I find it in +print. I do not vouch for its correctness, not having the first edition +of the Dictionary to refer to. Strange to say, however, "condog" was +regarded as a synonym, or rather as an equivalent to "concur," long +before the date of the first edition of Dr. Lyttleton's _Dictionary_. In +Cockeram's _Dictionarie_, before referred to, sixth edition, 1639, I +find the second alphabet, among the words which the author calls +_vulgar_, the verb "to agree" defined "Concurre, cohere, _condog_, +condiscend." Cockeram's _Dictionary_ was evidently a work of some +authority in its day; it was dedicated to Sir Richard Boyle, and reached +to, at least, a _sixth_ edition, which edition is announced in the +title-page as "revised and enlarged," and therefore "condog" did not owe +its place in it to the error of an amanuensis or transcriber. The book, +although small, contains much curious matter, to which I may, perhaps, +hereafter refer. In his "premonition to the reader," he says, "where +thou meetest with a word marked thus +, know you that it is now out of +use, and only used of some ancient writers." Among these words thus +marked as obsolete in 1639, I find, on casually opening the book, the +following, "abandon, abate, bardes, insanity." He also defines _Troy +weight_ as "a pound weight of twelve ounces, wherewith _bread_, precious +stones, gold and silver are weighed." Blount also (1670), and Cole +(1685), say bread was sold by Troy weight; the latter adds medicines to +the articles sold by that standard. Cowell, in his _Law Dictionary_ +(1708), says, "Electuaries, and medicinal things, and _brede_, are to be +weighed by Troy weight;" Bayley, in 1753, says, "Gold, silver, drugs," +&c., are weighed by Troy weight, but does not enumerate bread. Can any +of your readers inform me when bread was first directed to be sold by +Troy weight, and when it ceased to be so? + + P. T. + + Stoke Newington. + +_Foreign Ambassadors_ (Vol. iv., p. 442.).--There is a list of French +ambassadors, envoys, ministers, and other political agents at the court +of England, in the _Annuaire_ of the Société de l'histoire de France for +1848, which is the twelfth volume of the series. The list commences in +1396, and is continued to 1830. + +I believe there is a copy of this most useful publication in the British +Museum. If so, it should appear in the _experimental_ catalogue of 1841, +under the head of ACADEMIES--EUROPE--FRANCE--PARIS--_Société de +l'histoire de France!_ + + BOLTON CORNEY. + +_Petition for the Recall from Spain of the Duke of Wellington_ (Vol. +iv., p. 233.).--ÆGROTUS asked if a copy of the petition to the above +effect from the Corporation of London to the Crown can be found, as it +is a droll historical document, which should not sink into oblivion; he +jumps at the conclusion that it does exist, but I think is mistaken. +Through the kindness of a friend who is in the Corporation, I have had +the journals searched, and have not been successful in finding any +address to the above tenor. There are abundance congratulating the +Prince Regent on the successes of the Duke, but none of censure. I have +likewise ascertained that some of the oldest servants of the City feel +quite sure that no such address was ever carried. If ÆGROTUS can give me +any grounds for his belief, or anything likely to aid my inquiry, I will +renew the search. + + E. N. W. + + Southwark. + + + + +Miscellaneous. + + +NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC. + +If any doubt could exist as to the value of the _Germania_ of Tacitus, +as an invaluable contribution to the history of all the Teutonic races, +a glance at the Appendix to Klemm's _Germanische Altherthumskunde_, in +which that author has enumerated not only the best editions and +translations of the _Germania_, but also the most important +dissertations to which it has given rise, would at once dispel it. The +scholar and the antiquary of this country may therefore be congratulated +on the fact of Dr. Latham having prepared an edition of it, which has +been issued under the title of _The Germania of Tacitus, with +Ethnological Dissertations and Notes_. Although "the work," to use Dr. +Latham's own words, "is rather a commentary upon the geographical part +of the _Germania_, than on the _Germania_ itself--the purely descriptive +part relating to the customs of the early Germans being passed over +almost _sicco pede_,"--yet our readers will have no difficulty in +estimating its importance, when we inform them that the Ethnological +Dissertations and Notes which accompany the text may be said to embody +the views, (ofttimes indeed dissented from by Dr. Latham,) of Grimm and +Zeuss, and the learning with which those distinguished men have +illustrated the subject. Indeed, Dr. Latham, who sets an example of +openly acknowledging his obligations to other scholars which we should +be glad to see more generally followed, expressly states, that whether +the work before us took its present form, or that of a translation with +an elaborate commentary of Zeuss's learned and indispensable work, _Die +Deutschen und die Nachbarstämme_, was a mere question of convenience. + +If the story that we have heard be true, namely, that one of the most +learned and active members of the episcopal bench did, at a late +clerical meeting, hold up a copy of Whitaker's _Clergyman's Diary and +Ecclesiastical Directory_, and pronounce it to be a little book so full +of useful and invaluable information as to be indispensable to every +clergyman, it is clear that the work is beyond all criticism. + +_The Family Almanack and Educational Register for 1852_, contains--in +addition to full particulars of nearly a thousand public schools, +colleges, and universities, and a list (containing upwards of a +thousand) of the principal private schools in the kingdom,--a vast +amount of miscellaneous information (including for the first time the +Statutes of the Irish University) and statistical tables, and so forms a +volume which no person interested in the great question of education can +at all do without. + +While on the subject of education, we may acknowledge the receipt of +several educational works, which we can only notice with great brevity. + +M. Merlet's _Dictionary of French Difficulties_ (which, but that the +subject is almost too grave for such a jest, we should have suggested +might very appropriately have been dedicated to the President) bears on +its title the stamp of its merit in the words "_third edition_." + +M. Falch Lebahn's _Self Instructor in German_; _Practice in German_; and +_German in One Volume_ (4th ed.), are very able attempts to facilitate +the study of that most useful language. + +The last work, containing as it does La Motte Fouque's beautiful tale of +_Undine_, with explanatory notes on all the difficult words and phrases, +and its vocabulary of 4500 words synonymous in German and English, +cannot be found otherwise than most useful. + + +BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES + +WANTED TO PURCHASE. + +SOUTHEY'S EDITION OF COWPER. Vols. X. XII. XIII. XIV. + +JOURNAL OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF DUBLIN. Vol. I. Part I. 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Price 2_s._ 6_d._ + + I.--Halliburton's (Sam Slick) The English in America. + + II.--Maria Edgeworth. + + III.--A Glance at the Past and Present Condition of Ireland: "The + Exodus." + + IV.--The Celtic Records of Ireland. + + V.--Mr. Montague Dempsey's Experiences of the Landed + Interest--Concluded. + + VI.--The Poor-Law in Ireland--The Consolidated Annuities. + + VII.--Ruskin and the Pre-Raphaelists. + + Dublin: W. B. KELLY. 8. Grafton Street. London: SIMPKIN, MARSHALL + & CO. Edinburgh: OLIVER & BOYD. + + +Just published, 32mo. cloth, with Coloured Frontispiece, price 4_s._; +morocco, 6_s._ 6_d._ + + LYRA CHRISTIANA; Poems on Christianity and the Church, Original + and Selected. From the Works of ROBERT MONTGOMERY, M.A., Author of + "The Christian Life," "God and Man," &c. + + GEORGE BELL, 186. 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Also, a very important Selection from the + Library of a late well-known ENGLISH COLLECTOR, the whole + presenting an extraordinary assemblage of Voyages, Travels, and + Itineraries, Works relating to America, including many of the + rarest Productions, some of which have been hitherto unknown to + Bibliographers: together with many highly valuable Works in + General Literature, Natural History, Foreign and English Local and + Personal Histories, Private Memoirs, Ana. Facetiæ, &c. + &c.--Catalogues will be sent on application; if in the country, on + receipt of six stamps. + + + + +Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5 New +Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London; and +published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish of St. +Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet +Street aforesaid.--Saturday, December 13, 1851. + + + + + [List of volumes and pages in "Notes and Queries", Vol. I-IV] + + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Notes and Queries Vol. I. | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 1 | November 3, 1849 | 1 - 17 | PG # 8603 | + | Vol. I No. 2 | November 10, 1849 | 18 - 32 | PG # 11265 | + | Vol. I No. 3 | November 17, 1849 | 33 - 46 | PG # 11577 | + | Vol. I No. 4 | November 24, 1849 | 49 - 63 | PG # 13513 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 5 | December 1, 1849 | 65 - 80 | PG # 11636 | + | Vol. I No. 6 | December 8, 1849 | 81 - 95 | PG # 13550 | + | Vol. I No. 7 | December 15, 1849 | 97 - 112 | PG # 11651 | + | Vol. I No. 8 | December 22, 1849 | 113 - 128 | PG # 11652 | + | Vol. I No. 9 | December 29, 1849 | 130 - 144 | PG # 13521 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 10 | January 5, 1850 | 145 - 160 | PG # | + | Vol. I No. 11 | January 12, 1850 | 161 - 176 | PG # 11653 | + | Vol. I No. 12 | January 19, 1850 | 177 - 192 | PG # 11575 | + | Vol. I No. 13 | January 26, 1850 | 193 - 208 | PG # 11707 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 14 | February 2, 1850 | 209 - 224 | PG # 13558 | + | Vol. I No. 15 | February 9, 1850 | 225 - 238 | PG # 11929 | + | Vol. I No. 16 | February 16, 1850 | 241 - 256 | PG # 16193 | + | Vol. I No. 17 | February 23, 1850 | 257 - 271 | PG # 12018 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 18 | March 2, 1850 | 273 - 288 | PG # 13544 | + | Vol. I No. 19 | March 9, 1850 | 289 - 309 | PG # 13638 | + | Vol. I No. 20 | March 16, 1850 | 313 - 328 | PG # 16409 | + | Vol. I No. 21 | March 23, 1850 | 329 - 343 | PG # 11958 | + | Vol. I No. 22 | March 30, 1850 | 345 - 359 | PG # 12198 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 23 | April 6, 1850 | 361 - 376 | PG # 12505 | + | Vol. I No. 24 | April 13, 1850 | 377 - 392 | PG # 13925 | + | Vol. I No. 25 | April 20, 1850 | 393 - 408 | PG # 13747 | + | Vol. I No. 26 | April 27, 1850 | 409 - 423 | PG # 13822 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 27 | May 4, 1850 | 425 - 447 | PG # 13712 | + | Vol. I No. 28 | May 11, 1850 | 449 - 463 | PG # 13684 | + | Vol. I No. 29 | May 18, 1850 | 465 - 479 | PG # 15197 | + | Vol. I No. 30 | May 25, 1850 | 481 - 495 | PG # 13713 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Notes and Queries Vol. II. | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 31 | June 1, 1850 | 1- 15 | PG # 12589 | + | Vol. II No. 32 | June 8, 1850 | 17- 32 | PG # 15996 | + | Vol. II No. 33 | June 15, 1850 | 33- 48 | PG # 26121 | + | Vol. II No. 34 | June 22, 1850 | 49- 64 | PG # 22127 | + | Vol. II No. 35 | June 29, 1850 | 65- 79 | PG # 22126 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 36 | July 6, 1850 | 81- 96 | PG # 13361 | + | Vol. II No. 37 | July 13, 1850 | 97-112 | PG # 13729 | + | Vol. II No. 38 | July 20, 1850 | 113-128 | PG # 13362 | + | Vol. II No. 39 | July 27, 1850 | 129-143 | PG # 13736 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 40 | August 3, 1850 | 145-159 | PG # 13389 | + | Vol. II No. 41 | August 10, 1850 | 161-176 | PG # 13393 | + | Vol. II No. 42 | August 17, 1850 | 177-191 | PG # 13411 | + | Vol. II No. 43 | August 24, 1850 | 193-207 | PG # 13406 | + | Vol. II No. 44 | August 31, 1850 | 209-223 | PG # 13426 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 45 | September 7, 1850 | 225-240 | PG # 13427 | + | Vol. II No. 46 | September 14, 1850 | 241-256 | PG # 13462 | + | Vol. II No. 47 | September 21, 1850 | 257-272 | PG # 13936 | + | Vol. II No. 48 | September 28, 1850 | 273-288 | PG # 13463 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 49 | October 5, 1850 | 289-304 | PG # 13480 | + | Vol. II No. 50 | October 12, 1850 | 305-320 | PG # 13551 | + | Vol. II No. 51 | October 19, 1850 | 321-351 | PG # 15232 | + | Vol. II No. 52 | October 26, 1850 | 353-367 | PG # 22624 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 53 | November 2, 1850 | 369-383 | PG # 13540 | + | Vol. II No. 54 | November 9, 1850 | 385-399 | PG # 22138 | + | Vol. II No. 55 | November 16, 1850 | 401-415 | PG # 15216 | + | Vol. II No. 56 | November 23, 1850 | 417-431 | PG # 15354 | + | Vol. II No. 57 | November 30, 1850 | 433-454 | PG # 15405 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 58 | December 7, 1850 | 457-470 | PG # 21503 | + | Vol. II No. 59 | December 14, 1850 | 473-486 | PG # 15427 | + | Vol. II No. 60 | December 21, 1850 | 489-502 | PG # 24803 | + | Vol. II No. 61 | December 28, 1850 | 505-524 | PG # 16404 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Notes and Queries Vol. III. | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 62 | January 4, 1851 | 1- 15 | PG # 15638 | + | Vol. III No. 63 | January 11, 1851 | 17- 31 | PG # 15639 | + | Vol. III No. 64 | January 18, 1851 | 33- 47 | PG # 15640 | + | Vol. III No. 65 | January 25, 1851 | 49- 78 | PG # 15641 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 66 | February 1, 1851 | 81- 95 | PG # 22339 | + | Vol. III No. 67 | February 8, 1851 | 97-111 | PG # 22625 | + | Vol. III No. 68 | February 15, 1851 | 113-127 | PG # 22639 | + | Vol. III No. 69 | February 22, 1851 | 129-159 | PG # 23027 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 70 | March 1, 1851 | 161-174 | PG # 23204 | + | Vol. III No. 71 | March 8, 1851 | 177-200 | PG # 23205 | + | Vol. III No. 72 | March 15, 1851 | 201-215 | PG # 23212 | + | Vol. III No. 73 | March 22, 1851 | 217-231 | PG # 23225 | + | Vol. III No. 74 | March 29, 1851 | 233-255 | PG # 23282 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 75 | April 5, 1851 | 257-271 | PG # 23402 | + | Vol. III No. 76 | April 12, 1851 | 273-294 | PG # 26896 | + | Vol. III No. 77 | April 19, 1851 | 297-311 | PG # 26897 | + | Vol. III No. 78 | April 26, 1851 | 313-342 | PG # 26898 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 79 | May 3, 1851 | 345-359 | PG # 26899 | + | Vol. III No. 80 | May 10, 1851 | 361-382 | PG # 32495 | + | Vol. III No. 81 | May 17, 1851 | 385-399 | PG # 29318 | + | Vol. III No. 82 | May 24, 1851 | 401-415 | PG # 28311 | + | Vol. III No. 83 | May 31, 1851 | 417-440 | PG # 36835 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 84 | June 7, 1851 | 441-472 | PG # 37379 | + | Vol. III No. 85 | June 14, 1851 | 473-488 | PG # 37403 | + | Vol. III No. 86 | June 21, 1851 | 489-511 | PG # 37496 | + | Vol. III No. 87 | June 28, 1851 | 513-528 | PG # 37516 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Notes and Queries Vol. IV. | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 88 | July 5, 1851 | 1- 15 | PG # 37548 | + | Vol. IV No. 89 | July 12, 1851 | 17- 31 | PG # 37568 | + | Vol. IV No. 90 | July 19, 1851 | 33- 47 | PG # 37593 | + | Vol. IV No. 91 | July 26, 1851 | 49- 79 | PG # 37778 | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 92 | August 2, 1851 | 81- 94 | PG # 38324 | + | Vol. IV No. 93 | August 9, 1851 | 97-112 | PG # 38337 | + | Vol. IV No. 94 | August 16, 1851 | 113-127 | PG # 38350 | + | Vol. IV No. 95 | August 23, 1851 | 129-144 | PG # 38386 | + | Vol. IV No. 96 | August 30, 1851 | 145-167 | PG # 38405 | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 97 | Sept. 6, 1851 | 169-183 | PG # 38433 | + | Vol. IV No. 98 | Sept. 13, 1851 | 185-200 | PG # 38491 | + | Vol. IV No. 99 | Sept. 20, 1851 | 201-216 | PG # 38574 | + | Vol. IV No. 100 | Sept. 27, 1851 | 217-246 | PG # 38656 | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 101 | Oct. 4, 1851 | 249-264 | PG # 38701 | + | Vol. IV No. 102 | Oct. 11, 1851 | 265-287 | PG # 38773 | + | Vol. IV No. 103 | Oct. 18, 1851 | 289-303 | PG # 38864 | + | Vol. IV No. 104 | Oct. 25, 1851 | 305-333 | PG # 38926 | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 105 | Nov. 1, 1851 | 337-358 | PG # 39076 | + | Vol. IV No. 106 | Nov. 8, 1851 | 361-374 | PG # 39091 | + | Vol. IV No. 107 | Nov. 15, 1851 | 377-396 | PG # 39135 | + | Vol. IV No. 108 | Nov. 22, 1851 | 401-414 | PG # 39197 | + | Vol. IV No. 109 | Nov. 29, 1851 | 417-430 | PG # 39233 | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 110 | Dec. 6, 1851 | 433-460 | PG # 39338 | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol I. Index. [Nov. 1849-May 1850] | PG # 13536 | + | INDEX TO THE SECOND VOLUME. MAY-DEC., 1850 | PG # 13571 | + | INDEX TO THE THIRD VOLUME. JAN.-JUNE, 1851 | PG # 26770 | + +------------------------------------------------+------------+ + + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number +111, December 13, 1851, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, DEC 13, 1851 *** + +***** This file should be named 39393-0.txt or 39393-0.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/3/9/3/9/39393/ + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This +file was produced from images generously made available +by The Internet Library of Early Journals.) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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Thus, we do not necessarily +keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. + + +Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: + + http://www.gutenberg.org + +This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, +including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary +Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to +subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. diff --git a/39393-0.zip b/39393-0.zip Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..58d8d42 --- /dev/null +++ b/39393-0.zip diff --git a/39393-8.txt b/39393-8.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f3b1a22 --- /dev/null +++ b/39393-8.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2797 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number 111, +December 13, 1851, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number 111, December 13, 1851 + A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, + Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc. + +Author: Various + +Editor: George Bell + +Release Date: April 6, 2012 [EBook #39393] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, DEC 13, 1851 *** + + + + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This +file was produced from images generously made available +by The Internet Library of Early Journals.) + + + + + +[Transcriber's note: Characters with macrons have been marked in +brackets with an equal sign, as [=e] for a letter e with a macron on +top. Underscores have been used to indicate _italic_ fonts; equal signs +indicate =bold= fonts. Original spelling variations have not been +standardized. A list of volumes and pages in "Notes and Queries" has +been added at the end.] + + + + +NOTES AND QUERIES: + +A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION + +FOR + +LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC. + +"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE. + +VOL. IV.--No. 111. SATURDAY, DECEMBER 13. 1851. + +Price Threepence. Stamped Edition 4_d._ + + + + +CONTENTS. + + Page + + + NOTES:-- + + Cowley and Gray. No. III. 465 + + Old Song: The Cuckold's Cap, by J. R. Relton 468 + + The Gododin, by Thomas Stephens 468 + + Folk Lore:--Lincolnshire Folk Lore 470 + + Minor Notes:--Modern Greek Names of Places--"There + is no mistake"--Remarkable Prophecy--The Ball that + killed Nelson--Gypsies 470 + + QUERIES:-- + + Dial Motto at Karlsbad 471 + + Suppressed Epilogue by Dryden, by Henry Campkin 472 + + Minor Queries:--Barrister--Indian Jugglers--Priory + of Hertford--Jacobus Creusius (or Crucius)--Clekit + House--Ballad on the Rising of the Vende--Stanza on + Spenser's "Shepherd's Calendar"--Prophecy respecting + 1837--Lines on the Bible--En bon et poyer--"England + expects every man," &c.--Religious Houses in East + Sussex--Parish Registers, Right of Search, Fees + claimable--Bacon a Poet--Tregonwell Frampton--Weever + and Fuller; their Autographs wanted--Is the Badger + Amphibious? 472 + + MINOR QUERIES ANSWERED:--Royal Registers--Paul + Hoste--"Liber Mirabilis"--Saint Richard, King of + England--Saint Irene or St. Erini 474 + + REPLIES:-- + + Cockney 475 + + Replies to Minor Queries:--The Word Infortuner--Foreign + Ambassadors--Petition for the Recall from Spain of the + Duke of Wellington 476 + + MISCELLANEOUS:-- + + Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &c. 477 + + Books and Odd Volumes wanted 478 + + Notices to Correspondents 478 + + Advertisements 478 + + + + +Notes. + + +COWLEY AND GRAY, NO. III. + +Before again recurring to Gray's partiality for the poems of Cowley, I +will make a remark or two on Mr. Wakefield's edition of Gray. + +In his delightful "Ode to Adversity" Gray has written: + + "Daughter of Jove, relentless power, + Thou tamer of the human breast, + Whose _iron scourge, and tort'ring hour_, + The bad affright, afflict the best." + +Upon which Wakefield gives us this brilliant criticism: + + "'Torturing hour.' There seems to be some little impropriety and + incongruity in this. _Consistency_ of figure rather required some + _material_ image, like _iron scourge_ and _adamantine chain_." + +Afterwards he seems to speak diffidently of his own judgment, which is +rather an unusual thing in Mr. Wakefield. Well would it have been for +the reputations of Bentley, Johnson, and Wakefield, that, before +improving upon Milton and Gray and Collins, they had remembered the +words of a truly great critic, even Horace himself: + + "Sunt delicta tamen quibus ignovisse velimus: + Nam neque chorda sonum reddit quem vult manus et mens, + Poscentique gravem perspe remittit acutum; + Nec semper feriet quodcunque minabitur arcus. + _Verum ubi plura nitent in carmine, non ego paucis + Offendar maculis, quas aut incuria fudit, + Aut humana parum cavit natura._" + + _Epist. ad Pisones_, 347. + +Not by any means that I am allowing in this case the existence of a +"macula," or an "incuria" either. To D'Israeli's _Curiosities of +Literature_ I think I am indebted for the remark, that Gray borrowed the +expressions from Milton: + + "When the _scourge_ + Inexorably, and _the torturing hour_ + Calls us to penance." + + _Par. Lost_, lib. ii. 90. + +It is therefore with Milton, and not with Gray, that Mr. Wakefield must +settle the matter. And in proof of my earnest sympathies with him during +the very unequal contest, I will console him with "proprieties," +"congruities," "consistencies of figure," and "material images," enough. + + "The lifted axe, the agonizing wheel, + Luke's iron crown, and Damien's bed of steel." + + Goldsmith's _Traveller_, ad finem. + +Or better for this purpose still: + + "Swords, daggers, bodkins, bearded arrows, spears, + Nails, pincers, crosses, gibbets, hurdles, ropes, + Tallons of griffins, paws and teeth of bears, + Tigre's and lyon's mouths, not iron hoops, + Racks, wheels, and trappados, brazen cauldrons which + Boiled with oil, huge tuns which flam'd with pitch." + + Beaumonts's _Psyche_, cant. XXII. v. 69. p. 330. + Cambridge, 1702. Folio. + +"Torturing hour" is used by Campbell in his _Pleasures of Hope_, Part +I.: + + "The martyr smiled beneath avenging power, + And braved the tyrant in his _torturing hour._" + +And, indeed, "sweetest Shakspeare, Fancy's child," had used it before +any of them: + + "Is there no play, to ease the anguish of a torturing hour." + + _Midsummer Night's Dream_, Act V. Sc. 1. + +Again, Gray writes in his truly sublime ode, "The Bard:" + + "On a rock, whose haughty brow + Frowns o'er old Conway's foaming flood, + Robed in the sable garb of woe, + With haggard eyes the poet _stood_, + (Loose his beard, and hoary hair + Stream'd, like a meteor, to the troubled air), + And with a master's hand, and prophet's fire, + Struck the deep sorrows of his lyre." + +Ordinary readers would have innocently supposed the above "pictured" +passage beyond all praise or criticism. "At non infelix" Wakefield: + + "A falcon, tow'ring in her pride of place, + Was by a mousing owl hawk'd at and kill'd." + + _Macbeth._ + +I must give his note as it stands, for I question whether the whole +range of verbal criticism could produce anything more ludicrous: + + "I wish Mr. Gray could have introduced a more poetical expression, + than the inactive term _stood_, into this fine passage: as + Shakspeare has, for instance, in his description of _Dover cliff_: + + 'Half way down + _Hangs_ one, that gathers samphire; dreadful trade!' + + _King Lear_, Act IV. Sc. 6. + + "Which is the same happy picture as that of Virgil: + + "'Dumosa _pendere_ procul de rupe videbo.' + + _Ecl._ I. 77." + +He might, when his hand was in, have adduced other passages also from +Virgil, _e.g._: + + "Imminet in rivi prstantis imaginis undam." + + _Culex_, 66. + +However, with all due respect for Mr. Wakefield's "happy pictures," I do +not see anything left, but his eyebrows, for the luckless bard to _hang +by_! He could not have _hung_ by his _hair_, which "stream'd like a +meteor to the troubled air;" nor yet by his _hands_, which "swept the +deep sorrows of his lyre." Besides, there can scarcely be more opposite +pictures than that of a man gathering samphire, or kids browsing, +amongst beetling rocks; and the commanding and awe-inspiring position in +which Gray ingeniously places his bard. The expressions chosen by +Virgil, Shakspeare, and Gray were each peculiarly suitable to the +particular objects in view. If Gray was thinking of Milton, as I +intimated in a former letter, he may have still kept him in mind: + + "Incens'd with indignation, Satan _stood_ + Unterrify'd, and like a comet burn'd, + That fires the length of Ophiuchus huge + In the Arctic sky, and from his horrid hair + Shakes pestilence and war." + + _Par. Lost_, lib. ii. 706. + +Or again: + + "On th' other side, Satan, alarm'd, + _Collecting all his might dilated stood_, + Like Teneriff or Atlas unremov'd: + His stature reach'd the sky, and on his crest + Sat Horror plum'd; nor wanted in his grasp + What seem'd both spear and shield." + + _Par. Lost_, lib. iv. 985. + +It would be easy to adduce similar instances from the ancient sources, +but I will only mention from Milton an illustration of the [Greek: +systrepsas] of Demosthenes, and of the passionate abruptness with which +Gray commences "The Bard:" + + "As when of old some orator renown'd + In Athens or free Rome, where eloquence + Flourish'd, since mute, to some great cause addressed + _Stood in himself collected_, while each part, + Motion, each act won audience ere the tongue, + _Sometimes in height began, as no delay + Of preface brooking through his zeal of right_." + + _Par. Lost_, lib. ix. 670. + +Wakefield's hypercritical fastidiousness would have completely defeated +the intentions of Gray. His "Bard" had a mission to fulfil which could +not have been fulfilled by one suspended like king Solomon, in the +ancient Jewish traditions, or like Mahomet's coffin, mid-way between +heaven and earth. His cry was [Greek: dos pou st], and the poet heard +him. And thus, from his majestic position, was not-- + + "Every burning word he spoke + Full of rage and full of grief?" + +In the full blaze of poetic phrensy, he flashes out at once with the +awfully grand and terrible exordium: + + "Ruin seize thee, ruthless king! + Confusion on thy banners wait! + Tho' fann'd by conquest's crimson wing, + They mock the air with idle state. + Helm, nor hauberk's twisted mail, + Nor e'en thy virtues, Tyrant, shall avail + To save thy secret soul from nightly fears, + From Cambria's curse, from Cambria's tears." + +Collins thus describes the passion of _anger_: + + "Next Anger rush'd;--his eyes on fire, + In lightnings own'd his secret stings: + In one rude clash he struck the lyre, + And swept with flurried hand the strings." + +Word-painting can go no farther. When, however, he comes to +_melancholy_, in lines which contain more suggestive beauty, as well as +more poetic _inspiration_, than perhaps any others of the same length +in the English language, how does he sing? + + "With eyes upraised, as one inspired, + Pale Melancholy _sate_ retired; + And, from her wild sequester'd seat, + In notes, by distance made more sweet, + Pour'd thro' the mellow horn her pensive soul: + And, dashing soft from rocks around, + Bubbling runnels join'd the sound; + Through glades and glooms the mingled measure stole, + Or o'er some haunted stream with fond delay, + Round a holy calm diffusing, + Love of peace, and lonely musing, + In hollow murmurs died away." + + _Ode on the Passions._ + +This is the concentrated essence of poetry. Surely Gray had _forgotten_ +Collins when he penned the beautiful lines: + + "But not to one in this benighted age, + Is that diviner inspiration given, + That burns in Shakspeare's or in Milton's page, + The pomp and prodigality of heaven, + As when conspiring in the diamond's blaze, + The meaner gems, that singly charm the sight, + Together dart their intermingled rays, + And dazzle with a luxury of light." + + _Stanzas to Mr. Bentley._ + +From a memorandum made by Gray himself, it is evident that he once had +contemplated placing his "Bard" in a _sitting_ posture; but I cannot but +rejoice that he altered his mind, for such breath-taking words could +never have been uttered in so composed and contented a posture. I give +part of it from Mr. Mason's edition: + + "The army of Edward I., as they marched through a deep valley, are + suddenly stopped by the appearance of a venerable figure, _seated_ + on the summit of an inaccessible rock; who, with a voice more than + human, reproaches the king with all the misery and desolation he + had brought on his country, &c., &c. His song ended, he + precipitates himself from the mountain, and is swallowed up by the + river that rolls at its foot."--Vol. i. p. 73. Lond. 1807. + +The last two lines of the passage before us-- + + "And with a master's hand, and prophet's fire, + _Struck the deep sorrows of his lyre_"-- + +remind us in some degree of Cowley: + + "Sic cecinit sanctus _vates_, digitosque volantes + Innumeris per fila modis trepidantia movit, + _Intimaque elicuit Medici miracula plectri_." + + _Davideidos_, lib. i. p. 13. + +Again: + + "Dear as the _light that visits these sad eyes_." + + Gray, _The Bard_. + + "Namque _oculis plus illa suis, plus lumine coeli + Dilexit_." + + _Davideidos_, lib. i. p. 14. + +And-- + + "The Attick warbler pours her _throat_." + + _Ode to Spring._ + + "Tum magnum tenui cecinerunt _gutture_ Numen." + + _Davideidos_, lib. i. p. 20. + +Also-- + + "The hues of bliss more brightly glow, + _Chastis'd_ by sabler tints of woe; + And blended form with artful strife, + The strength and harmony of life." + + Gray, _On the Pleasure arising from Vicissitude_. + +The word _chastised_ is similarly used by Cowley: + + "From Saul his growth, and manly strength he took, + _Chastised_ by bright Ahinoam's gentler look." + + _Davideidos_, lib. iv. p. 133. + +The _idea_ of the whole passage may be found in Pope: + + "Love, Hope, and Joy, fair Pleasure's smiling train; + Hate, Fear, and Grief, the family of Pain; + These mix'd with art, and to due bounds confin'd, + Make and maintain the balance of the mind; + _The lights and shades, whose well accorded strife, + Gives all the strength and colour of our life_." + + _Essay on Man_, Epist. II. + +Again: + + "Amazement in his van with Flight combin'd, + And Sorrow's faded form, and Solitude behind." + + Gray, _The Bard_. + + "Victorious arms thro' Ammon's land it bore, + Ruin behind, and terror march'd before." + + _Davideidos_, lib. iv. p. 135. + +Wakefield mentions some parallel passages, but omits the best of all: + + "A fire devoureth before them; and behind them a flame burneth: + the land is as the garden of Eden before them, and behind them a + desolate wilderness; Yea, and nothing shall escape them."--Joel, + ii. 3. + +In the "Ode on the Installation" Gray says: + + "Their tears, their little triumphs o'er + Their _human passions_ now no more." + +Wakefield dwells enraptured on the expression _human passions_. Cowley +speaks of "_humana quies_" (_Davideidos_, lib. i. p. 3.). Horace says: + + "---- Carminibus qu versant atque venenis + _Humanos animos_."--_Sat._ viii. 19. lib. i. + +_Human passions_ is not, however, a _creation_ of Gray's; for, if not +anywhere else, he might have found the words very often in the writings +of William Law, as vigorous a prose writer as England can boast of since +the days of Dr. South. See his _answer_ to Dr. Trapp's _Not Righteous +overmuch_, p. 62., Lond. 1741; and his _Serious Call_, cap. xii. p. +137., and cap. xxi. p. 293., Lond. 1816. + +To mention its use by modern writers would be endless. I selected these +few passages on reading Mr. Wakefield's laudations, for otherwise I +should not perhaps have remarked the words as unusual. Wakefield adduces +from Pope's _Eloisa to Abelard_: + + "One _human tear_ shall drop, and be forgiven." + +"Noble rage," Gray's _Elegy_. "Noble rage," Cowley's _Davideidos_, lib. +iv. p. 137. Again, in the _Elegy_: + + "Save that from yonder ivy-mantled tower + The mopeing owl does to the moon complain + Of such as, wand'ring near her secret bower, + _Molest her ancient solitary reign_." + +Cowley, in describing the palace of Lucifer, has some fine sentences; +and amongst them: + + "Non hic gemmatis stillantia sidera guttis + _Impugnant sv jus inviolabile noctis_." + + _Davideidos_, lib. i. p. 3. + +And in English: + + "No gentle stars with their fair gems of light, + _Offend the tyrannous and unquestion'd night_." + + _Davideidos_, lib. i. p. 6. + +Akenside constantly used the adjective _human_ in different +conjunctions. + + RT. + + Warmington. + + +OLD SONG: THE CUCKOLD'S CAP. + +The following song I never saw in print. I knew an old lady, who fifty +years ago used to sing it. Is it known? + + Near Reading there lived a buxom young dame, + The wife of a miller, and Joan was her name; + And she had a hen of a wondrous size, + The like you never beheld with your eyes: + It had a red head, gay wings, yellow legs, + And every year laid her a bushel of eggs, + Which made her resolve for to set it with speed, + Because she'd a mind to have more of the breed. + + Now as she was setting her hen on a day, + A shepherd came by, and thus he did say: + "Oh, what are you doing?" She answered him then, + "I'm going to set my miraculous hen." + "O, Joan," said the shepherd, "to keep your eggs warm, + And that they may prosper and come to no harm, + You must set them all in a large cuckold's cap, + And then all your chickens will come to good hap." + + "O, I have no cuckold's cap, shepherd," said she, + "But nevertheless I'll be ruled by thee; + For this very moment I'll trudge up and down, + And borrow one, if there be one in the town." + So she went to the baker's, and thus she did say: + "O, lend me a cuckold's cap, neighbour, I pray, + For I'm going to set my miraculous hen, + And when that I've done with't, I'll bring it again." + + The baker's wife answered, and thus she replied: + "Had I got such a thing, you should not be denied; + But these nineteen or twenty years I have been wed, + And my husband ne'er had such a cap to his head. + But go to my cousin, who lives at the mill, + I know she had one, and she may have it still; + Tell her I sent you, she'll lend it, I know." + "Thank ye," says Joan, and away she did go. + + So, straight to the house of the miller she went, + And told her that she by her cousin was sent, + To borrow a thing which was wondrous rare, + 'Twas a large cuckold's cap, which her husband did wear. + "I do not dispute but such things there may be; + But why should my cousin, pray, send you to me? + For these nineteen or twenty years I've been a wife, + And my husband ne'er had such a cap in his life. + + "But go to the quaker who lives at the Swan, + I know she had one, and if 'tisn't gone, + Tell her to lend it to you for my sake, + Which I the same for a great favour shall take." + So she went to the house of old Yea and Nay, + And said to his wife, who was buxom and gay, + "I'm come for to borrow, if that you will lend, + A large cuckold's cap: I was sent by a friend." + + The quaker's wife answered and said, with a frown, + "Why, I've no such thing, if thou'dst give me a crown; + Besides, I'd not lend it, friend Joan, if I had, + For fear it should make my old husband run mad. + In town there are many young damsels, perhaps, + Who may be ingenious in making these caps, + But as for their names, I really can't say, + So, therefore, friend Joan, excuse me, I pray." + + Now Joan being tired and weary withal, + She said, "I've had no good fortune at all. + I find that it is the beginning of sorrow, + To trudge up and down among neighbours to borrow. + A large cuckold's cap I wanted indeed, + A thing of small value, and yet couldn't speed: + But, as I'm a woman, believe me," says Joan, + "Before it be long, I'll have one of my own." + + J. R. RELTON. + + +THE GODODIN. + +This poem, though not absolutely the earliest in point of date, is the +longest of the numerous poems produced among the Kymry of the north of +England during the sixth and seventh centuries. Two translations have +already appeared in English; one by the Rev. Edward Davies, the author +of _Celtic Researches_, and the other by a gentleman named Probert. Of +these the latter, though very imperfect and extremely defective, is the +only one which an English reader should consult; the version given by +Davies is only a very ingenious misrepresentation. The poem has no more +reference to Hengist than it has to the man-in-the-moon; and GOMER +might have suspected that a version which, without rule or reason, +deprived historic personages of their reality, could not have been +correct. _Every proper name mentioned in the Gododin may be shown +without any alteration to be those of persons living between 577 and +642._ The proof of this assertion, when carefully examined, is all but +overwhelming; but here I can only cite a few of the most tangible facts. +The design of the poem is thus described by the bard himself:-- + + "O ved O vuelin, + O Gattraeth werin, + Mi a na vi Aneurin + Ys gwyr Taliesin, + Oveg cyvrenhin + Neu cheing Ododin + Cyn gwawr dydd dilin." + +These lines may be thus translated:-- + + "Of mead from the mead horn, + Of the host of Cattraeth, + I, Aneurin, will do + What is known to Taliesin, + A man of kindred disposition. + Will I not sing of what befell + Gododin, before the break of day?" + +From frequent notices in other parts of the poem, we find that the +subject is the defeat of (the Ottadini) the men of Gododin, in a battle +which took place in the year 603, near Cattraeth, which may be +identified with the Cataracton of Ptolemy, the Cataract of Bede, and the +present Catterick in Yorkshire. The men of Gododin in this campaign were +in league with the Novant of Wigtonshire, the Britons of Strathclyde, +the Scots of Argyle, and the Picts of Fife and Perth. Of this army the +chiefs alone amounted to three hundred and sixty; but, to use the words +of the bard, "Mead brought shame on the best of armies;" and the chiefs, +on account of temporary success over a part of Ethelfrith's Northumbrian +army, spent the night in wild carousal. Overtures of peace were made to +them by Ethelfrith, and contemptuously rejected; they rushed pell-mell +to battle _before the break of day_; and the bard, seeing them falling +helplessly drunk from their horses, "drew a veil over his face and fled, +weeping on his way." I here assume that Cattraeth and Cataract are the +same place; and to cite only one of many evidences, the position of the +Ottadini in the immediate neighbourhood of Catterick, lends this view +strong confirmation. But there is here another assumption, to which I +invite the attention of English antiquaries. The _Anglo-Saxon Chronicle_ +relates the occurrence of a great battle between Ethelfrith of +Northumbria and the northern Britons in the year 603: of that battle the +site is variously named Degstan, Dgsanstane, and Egesanstane; but +antiquarian researches have not determined where Egesanstane was. Some +place it at Dawston, near Jedburg, in Scotland, and others at Dalston in +Cumberland; but all confess uncertainty. Now I assume that the place +called Egesanstane is more likely to be Siggeston, in the North Riding +of Yorkshire, which is about five or six miles east of Catterick; and +this conjecture is strongly supported by the fact that Ethelfrith in +this case was not the invader but the invaded, as it is said, "Hering, +the son of Hussa, led the enemy thither," to the dominions of +Ethelfrith, which were then but little else than the eastern coast of +Northumberland and Yorkshire. If this view be correct, our antiquaries +have hitherto been in error on this point; the site of the great battle +of 603 is no longer unknown; and Egesanstane and Cattraeth are only two +names for the same battle, just as another battle-field is variously +named the battle of Waterloo by us, and that of Mont St. Jean by the +French. + +Probert places the death of Aneurin in 570: the Gododin shows him to +have been an eyewitness of an event which took place in 642. Davies, +whose works are striking evidences of a powerful intellect completely +led astray, makes the subject to have been the reported massacre at +Stonehenge, which possibly never took place, but which he fixes in 472. +Now I have cited a passage which, referring to Taliesin as an authority, +implies that Aneurin was his junior; and Taliesin was living in 610. +Again, Davies makes an abortive attempt to get rid of the last poem of +Llywarch Hen, which shows him to have been living as late as the year +640, when most of his sons had fallen in battle. Llywarch himself was +either at the battle of Cattraeth, or assisted in organising the +campaign; for though not mentioned by Aneurin, he himself alludes to the +time "when we attacked the great-smoker-of-towns (Ethelfrith)." + +At this battle Aneurin was taken prisoner, and confined in "an earthen +house," from which he was released "by the bright sword of Cenau, the +son of Llywarch." The son of Llywarch could scarcely have been living in +472; and Davies in vain essays to get rid of this obdurate fact. This +passage in Aneurin-- + + "Under foot was gravel, + Stretched out was my leg + _In the subterranean house_, + And an iron chain + Was bound about my knees," + +shows the use of under-ground hovels to have extended far into the +historic period. + +One fact more, and this demonstration that Aneurin has been ante-dated +will be complete. The bard in three several places mentions a battle of +Mannan, in much the same way as we at this day speak of Waterloo; and it +is evident that, in the estimation of the bard and his countrymen, the +battle of Mannan was the last great event before the battle of +Cattraeth. The first of these passages is-- + + "Caeawe Cymnyviat cyvlat Erwyt + . . . . . . + Rae ergit _Cadfannan_ catwyt." + + "_Caeog_ was a conflictor with destructive pikes. + . . . . . . + He was preserved from the blows of Mannan-fight." + +_Cog_, whom Davies converts into the adjective "adorned," was the +brother of Cynddylan, Prince of Powys (_Elegies of Llywarch Hen_, p. +70.). On the death of his brother in 577, he went to North Briton; he +escaped from the blows of Mannan, and _afterwards_ fell at Cattraeth. +Again, of a chief named Twrch it is said:-- + + "He loved the battling of spears, + At Mannan, and before Aldud the renowned." + + "Emyt af crennyt y gat waewawr + Catvannan yr Aelut clodvawr." + +Again he says of another chief:-- + + "Yn dieding . . . . . + Ac Adan Cadvannan cochre, + Veirch marchawg goddrud y more." + + "Resistless + As Aeddan of the blood-stained steeds of Mannan-fight, + He was an impetuous rider that morning." + +Here we have three separate proofs of the fact, that Cadvannan was +anterior to the battle of Cattraeth: now when and where did that take +place? In the year 582, and probably at Clackmannan, on the Firth of +Forth in Scotland. Here is my authority (_Annals of Ulster_): + + "DLXXXII. Bellum Manan, in quo victor erat Aodhan Mar Gawran." + +The battle of Cattraeth must be that of 603, at which Aeddan was also +present. + +These few annotations from a new translation of _The Gododin_ now in +MS., will, it is hoped, satisfy your correspondent GOMER that I am +justified in repeating the views of Davies. Should he wish to get a +correct text, and a judicious version of _The Gododin_, he had better +subscribe to a translation by the Rev. J. Williams (author of the +_Ecclesiastical Antiquities of the Cymry_), now about to issue from the +Llandovery press, at a very moderate price. Probert's translation is +very scarce. + +Is there no tradition of this battle at Sigston? + + THOS. STEPHENS. + + +FOLK LORE. + +_Lincolnshire Folk Lore._--The following, illustrating as it does a +superstition still very prevalent in Lincolnshire, may interest some of +your readers. I transcribed it a few days ago in the British Museum from +Holly's _Lincolnshire Notes_, vol. iii. fol. 358.:-- + + "The other I receaued from Mr. Thomas Codd, minister of Laceby in + Linc, w[=c]h he gave under his owne hand; he himself being a + native of ye place where this same happened, and it was thus: + + "At Axholme, alias Haxey, in ye Isle, one Mr. Edward Vicars + (curate to Mr. Wm. Dalby, vicar), together with one Robert + Hallywell a taylor, intending on St. Marke's even at night to + watch in ye church porch to see who shoud die in ye yeare + following (to this purpose using divers ceremonies), they + addressing themselues to the busines, Vicars (being then in his + chamber) wished Hallywell to be going before and he would + p[=s]ently follow him. Vicars fell asleep, and Hallywell + (attending his coming in ye church porch) forthwith sees certaine + shapes p[=s]nting themselves to his view, resemblances (as he + thought) of diuers of his neighbours, who he did nominate; and all + of them dyed the yeare following; and Vicars himselfe (being + asleep) his phantome was seen of him also, and dyed with ye rest. + This sight made Hallywell so agast that he looks like a Ghoast + ever since. The lord Sheffield (hearing this relation) sent for + Hallywell to receiue account of it. The fellow fearing my Lord + would cause him to watch the church porch againe he hid himselfe + in the Carrs till he was almost starued. The number of those that + died (whose phantasmes Hallywell saw) was as I take it about fower + score. + + "Tho. Cod, Rector Ecclie de Laceby." + + EDWARD PEACOCK. + + Bottesford Moors, Messingham, Kirton in Lindsey. + + +Minor Notes. + +_Modern Greek Names of Places._--It is commonly stated in books of +geography that the modern name of Athens is _Statines_. In Hennin's +_Manuel de Numismatique Ancienne_ it is stated to be _Satines_ or +_Atini_; and Mr. Akerman, in his most excellent _Numismatic Manual_, +makes the same statement. We find it stated also universally that the +modern name of Cos is _Stanco_; and this has been repeated in all maps +and charts until the recently published Admiralty Chart, No. VI. of the +Archipelago series, where it is called _Cos_. + +The origin of this and other similar blunders is curious. Athens retains +its plural termination, and is always used with the article, [Greek: hai +Athnai]. If you ask a peasant walking from the Pirus whither he is +going, he will answer you, [Greek: Eis tas Athnas], but will rapidly +enunciate it as follows, [Greek: 's't'sAthnas], whence _Statines_, +lately reduced to _Satines_. + +I am surprised that Cos was not set down as _Stinco_ rather than +_Stanco_, for if you hail a Coan vessel, and ask whither it is bound, +the [Greek: karaboukyri], or skiff-master, would certainly reply [Greek: +stn K], if Cos were his destination. + +I find that both M. Hennin and Mr. Akerman assert that Thebes is now +called _Stives_. I conversed with a noble-looking youth on the ruins of +Eleusis, and asking him from what part of the country he came, I shall +not easily forget the stately dignity with which he tossed his capote +over his shoulder, and answered [Greek: eimi Thbaios]--I am a Theban. +The bold Boeotian would have stared in amazement had I spoken to him of +_Stives_, although, if homeward-bound, he would have said he was going +[Greek: 's tas Thbas]. + +The Turks have made Istambol or Stamboul out of [Greek: stn polin]; and +we may, perhaps, hear from our friends, the Nepaulese ambassadors, that +the capital of England is called _Tolondon_, and that of France _Apari_. + + L. H. J. T. + +"_There is no mistake._"--The Duke of Wellington's reply to Mr. +Huskisson, "There is no mistake," has become familiar in the mouths of +both those who remember the political circumstances that gave rise to +it, and those who have received it traditionally, without inquiring into +the origin of it. You may perhaps think it worthy of a "Note" that this +was not the first occasion on which the Duke used those celebrated +words. The Duke (then Earl of Wellington) in a private letter to Lord +Bathurst, dated Flores de Avila, 24th July, 1812, writes in the +following easy style: + + "I hope that you will be pleased with _our_ battle, of which the + dispatch contains as accurate an account as I can give you. _There + was no mistake_, everything went on as it ought; and there never + was an army so beaten in so short a time." + +The whole letter is well deserving of insertion; but my object is simply +to draw attention to the occasion on which the Duke first used the +sentence now so well known. + + F. W. J. + +_Remarkable Prophecy._--The following prediction of St. Csario, Bishop +of Arles, in the year 542, may not be considered void of interest at the +present moment. It is taken from a book, entitled _Liber Mirabilis_, +printed in Gothic characters, and deposited in the Royal Library, +Paris:-- + + "The administration of the kingdom, France, will be so blended, + that they shall leave it without defenders. The hand of God shall + extend itself over them, and over all rich; all the nobles shall + be deprived of their estates and dignity; a division shall spring + up in the church of God, and there shall be two husbands, the one + true, and the other adulterous. The legitimate husband shall be + put to flight; there shall be great carnage, and as great a + profusion of blood as in the day of the Gentiles. The universal + church and the whole world shall deplore the ruin and destruction + of a most celebrated city, the capital and mistress of France. The + altars of the temple shall be destroyed, the holy virgins outraged + shall fly from their seats, and the whole church shall be stripped + of her temporal gods; but at length the black eagle and the lion + shall appear hovering from far countries. Misery to thee, O city + of philosophy! thou shalt be subjected! A captive humbled even to + confusion, shall at last receive his crown, and destroy the + children of Brutus." + + ALPHA. + +_The Ball that killed Nelson_ (Vol. iv., p. 174.).-- + + "The musket-ball that killed Nelson is now in the possession of + the Rev. F. W. Baker, of Bathwick, near Bath. A considerable + portion of the gold lace, pad, and silk cord of the epaulette, + with a piece of coat, were found attached to it. The gold lace was + as firmly fixed as if it had been inserted into the metal while in + a state of fusion. The ball, together with the lace, &c., was + mounted in crystal and silver, and presented by Captain Hardy to + the late Sir William Beattie, the surgeon of the Victory." + +I have extracted this from the _Illustrated London News_, First Number. +If this relic be now in the possession of Prince Albert, I presume it +became his by purchase or presentation from the above-named gentleman. + + BLOWEN. + +_Gypsies._--The Indian origin of the numerals of this people is evident +from the following comparison: + + Sanscrit. Hungarian Spanish + Gypsy. Gitno. + 1. eka jek yeque + 2. dwaou dui dui + 3. traya trin trin + 4. tchatouara schtar estar + 5. panyntcha pansch pansche + 6. chach tschov job + 7. sapta efta hefta + 8. achtaou ochto otor + 9. nava enija esnia + 10. dasa dsch deque + +The Sanscrit must be read with a French pronunciation, being from +Balbi's _Atlas Ethnographique_; the Hungarian Gypsy as German, and the +last as Spanish; the two latter are from Borrow's _Zuicali_, vol. ii. p. +118. + + T. J. BUCKTON. + + Lichfield. + + + + +Queries. + + +DIAL MOTTO AT KARLSBAD. + +The inclosed inscription was brought over for me from Karlsbad by the +late Lord Chief Justice Tindal. Can any one throw light upon the capital +letters? I give it copied exactly from Sir Nicholas Tindal's writing, +with his observation beneath, and may safely venture to warrant _his_ +accuracy. It might be supposed to be a chronogram, but for the +introduction of the letter "E." + + "_Motto from a Dial formed on the two Sides of the Angle of a + House at Karlsbad._ + + "'Hora Hor[I]s [CE]d[I]t, pere[V]nt s[IC] Te[M]pora nob[I]s, + [V]t t[I]b[I] f[I]nal[I]s s[I]t bona, [VIV]e ben.' + + "The letters which are written in capitals were so in the original + inscription, and were coloured red: probably the anagram of some + one's name is concealed under them." + +Having been a collector of existing dial mottoes for many years, I shall +feel greatly obliged to any of your correspondents who will inform me +of remarkable ones in their own neighborhood. + +There are four--one in English, one in Latin, one in Greek, and one in +Hebrew--on the keep of Carlisle Castle; but though I possess the three +former, I have not the last, and should be very glad to obtain it, if +possible. + +There is a motto at Bonneville in Switzerland, as I have been told: + + "Soli Soli Soli." + +What can be the interpretation thereof? + +Of course I am acquainted with Leadbetter's _Art of Dialling_, and the +curious list of mottoes he gives, together with the still more curious +translations of the same; as _e.g._ + + "Aut Csar, aut nullus." + (I shine, or shroud!) + +Or-- + + "Sic transit gloria mundi:" + (So marches the god of day!!) + +But what I want is, mottoes from dials actually in existence. + + HERMES. + + +SUPPRESSED EPILOGUE BY DRYDEN. + +Mr. Payne Collier communicates to the _Athenum_ of the 22nd November, +1851, an interesting letter relative to an unspoken epilogue to Dryden, +and Nat Lee's famous tragedy of _The Duke of Guise_. This rare +composition, entitled "Another Epilogue intended to have been spoken to +the Play before it was forbidden last Summer, written by Mr. Dryden," +occurs in conjunction with the Prologue and Epilogue which were actually +spoken, upon a separate sheet of foolscap; in which shape, as Mr. +Collier informs us, they were often printed for sale at the playhouse +doors. Mr. Collier's acceptable communication suggests a Query or two. +At the end of my copy of this play, the 4to. edit. of 1687, is the +following + + "ADVERTISEMENT. + + "There was a Preface intended to this play, in vindication of it, + against two scurrilous libels lately printed. But it was judged, + that a defence of this nature would require more room than a + preface would reasonably allow. For this cause, and for the + importunity of the stationers, who hastened their impression, 'tis + deferred for some little time, and will be printed by itself. Most + men are already of opinion that neither of the pamphlets deserve + an answer, because they are stuffed with open falsities, and + sometimes contradict each other; but, for once, they shall have a + day or two thrown away upon them, tho' I break an old custom for + their sakes, which was to scorn them." + +Was this threatened preface ever issued? Are the "two scurrilous libels" +here spoken of so scornfully, known to be in existence? + +The new-found Epilogue belongs as much to the political as to the +dramatic history of those troublous times; and let us hope, _maugre_ the +unfortunate coarseness of the school to which it belongs, that Mr. +Collier will some day present us with a reprint of it _in toto_, +accompanied by the above noted preface, if it exist. There is ample +matter, as the pages of "NOTES AND QUERIES" have lately shown, for a new +volume of Dryden Miscellanies. + + HENRY CAMPKIN. + + +Minor Queries. + +332. _Barrister._--Can any of your correspondents refer me to the etymon +of this name, given to a vocation attached to our English courts of law? +I can find none even in the comprehensive _Etymological Dictionary_ of +Nat. Bailey, unless, indeed, by dividing the word into two portions, +viz. "bar" and "rister," and then, with a little of the critic's +license, assuming that the latter half might originally have been +written "roister." But as this analysis would _render_ it so little +characteristic of the class so named, and would strongly imply that some +portion at least of that distinguished body was once viewed as the +"roisters," _i.e._ "bullies and blusterers," of that division of our +courts called "the Bar," it is evident that we cannot reasonably look +for the derivation of the latter part of the word from that source. But +still, as there may be those who are inclined, in spite of these cogent +objections, to doubt whether this may be its true etymon; and it is fit +that any such lurking and slanderous suspicion should be dispelled from +every sceptic mind, some one of your curious and learned correspondents, +anxious to effect it, will, perhaps, tax his etymological skill to the +suggestion of a less offensive, and more just and appropriate +derivation, than "Bar-roister." + + W. Y. + +333. _Indian Jugglers._--Can any of your readers favour me with +references to any works containing an account of the trick practised by +jugglers in the East Indies, and known there by the name of "growing a +mango?" In performing this trick a seed is planted in a pot or basket of +earth, which is then covered up from the sight by a cloth or other wire; +in a little time this is removed, and the seed is seen to have +germinated, and its growth is similarly shown in successive stages, the +last of which exhibits the plant in fruit. Hundreds of Europeans have +seen the trick, but I have never heard of any one who was able to detect +the successive substitutions in which it obviously consists. I do not at +present recollect the name of any author who takes any notice of it. + + N. + +334. _Priory of Hertford._--The Priory of Hertford was founded by Ralph +de Limesey and his wife Hadewise, some time after the Conquest. Can any +of your antiquarian correspondents inform me in what year this took +place? + +The Rev. DR. ROCK had the politeness to answer my Query respecting the +Abbot Eustacius; perhaps he could oblige me by solving the present one. + + J. L. + +335. _Jacobus Creusius_ (_or Crucius_).--_Jacobi Creusii Theologi et +Medici, Frisii, Victimas Humanas._ I should be greatly obliged by any +information respecting the author, or the book, which I find so +mentioned in a MS. of 1677. + + S. W. RIX. + + Beccles. + +336. _Clekit House._--In the will of John Buttery of Bury, 1557, is this +item: + + "My capitall mesuage, with the maltinge house and the tenement + called Banyards, with all the gardaines, yards, and close, to them + belonginge,--except the ij tenements called the _Clekit_ House." + +What is the meaning of _Clekit_? In the E.-Anglian dialect, _clicket_ is +"to chatter." Phillips has "CLICKET, the knocker of a door, but Chaucer +uses it for a key." + + BURIENSIS. + +337. _Ballad on the Rising of the Vende._--Who is the author of a +modern ballad on the Rising of the Vende, of which the last lines are-- + + "We crush'd, like ripen grapes, Montreuil, we tore + down old Vetier-- + We charged them with our naked breasts, and took them + with a cheer-- + We'll hunt the robbers through the land, from Seine to + sparkling Rhone. + Now 'Here's a health to all we love: our King shall + have his own!'" + + D. B. J. + +338. _Stanza on Spenser's "Shepherd's Calender."_--In some of the early +quarto editions of Spenser, in the "Shepherd's Calender," June, there is +a stanza which in almost all the subsequent folio editions is omitted. I +shall be much obliged for any information as to when and why it was left +out; in the copies in which it appears it is the twelfth stanza, and is +as follows:-- + + "Now dead he is, and lieth wrapt in led, + (O why should death on him such outrage show?) + And all his passing skill with him is fled, + The fame whereof doth daily greater grow; + But if on me some little drops would flow + Of that the spring was in his learned head, + I soon should learn these words to wail my woe, + And teach the trees their trickling tears to shed." + +The last line is a good specimen of alliteration. + + E. N. W. + + Southwark, Nov. 17. 1851. + +339. _Prophecy respecting 1837._--I remember seeing in the year 1837, I +think in one of the morning papers, the following lines, which were +said, as far as my memory serves me, to have been taken from an old +almanac, in which they were prophetical of what should happen in the +above-named year:-- + + "By the power to see through the ways of Heaven, + In one thousand eight hundred and thirty-seven, + Shall the year pass away without any spring, + And on England's throne shall not sit a king." + +Can any of your readers inform me whether these lines were only composed +after the events related took place--that is, at the time the lines +appeared in the paper in which I saw them, or whether they are really to +be found in any old almanac; and if so, in what almanac, and in what +year? + + N. L. N. + + Maidstone. + +340. _Lines on the Bible._--In a small volume of Sacred Poetry, in the +possession of a friend of mine, the following lines on the Bible are +ascribed to Byron: + + "Within this awful volume lies + The mystery of mysteries; + Oh! happiest they of human race + To whom our God has given grace + To hear, to read, to fear, to pray, + To lift the latch, and force the way: + But better had they ne'er been born + Who read to doubt, or read to scorn." + +Not having met with these lines in the works of Lord Byron, can any of +your readers say whether they are his, or not, or who is the author? + + JOHN ALGOR. + + Sheffield. + +341. _En bon et poyer._--The family of Cockayne of Ashbourne, co. Derby, +used as a motto upon their seals, in the fourteenth century, the +following words, "En bon et poyer." This has been explained to mean, +"Boni est posse," or "Right is might." Can any of your readers suggest +anything to confirm or throw doubt on this interpretation? + + FRANCIS M. NICHOLS. + +342. _"England expects every man," &c._--For nearly fifty years our +countrymen have taught their children Nelson's last signal-- + + "England expects every man to do his duty." + +Such was my impression of this emphatic form of words. I am surprised to +see upon the column in Trafalgar Square, + + "England expects every man _will_ do his duty." + +Pray is there any authority for the inscription as it there stands? + + E. N. H. + +343. _Religious Houses in East Sussex._--Can any of your readers refer +me to any sources of information, printed or in manuscript, in addition +to those mentioned in the last edition of Dugdale's _Monasticon_, +respecting the following religious houses in East Sussex: _Otham_, +_Bayham_, _Michelham_, _Robertsbridge_? + + E. V. + +344. _Parish Registers--Right of Search--Fees claimable._--Considerable +attention has of late been excited with reference to the difficulties +attending the ordinary means of access to various public depositories of +documentary evidence in this country. In some of these departments, the +commencement of a welcome reform is already apparent; others, it is but +reasonable to hope, will, ere long, yield to the frank and inquisitive +spirit of the times in this respect. The present communication is +confined to a very wide, though less dignified source of official +information, viz. Parish Registers. I am sure I need not say one word to +illustrate the importance of the last-mentioned class of evidence to the +genealogist, the topographer, or the archological inquirer in +general,--in one word, to those who enter into the spirit of the "NOTES +AND QUERIES." I beg, therefore, to submit the following inquiries: + +1. Have the actual parishioners of a place a right to consult their own +register of baptisms, marriages, and burials, _gratuitously_? If not:-- + +2. What fee is _legally_ demandable,--and by whom,--and under what +restrictions? And-- + +3. Do the terms differ when the inquirer is not a _parishioner_? If so, +in what respect do they differ? + +These inquiries have reference to the contents of the chests kept in, or +in connection with, parochial churches and chapels, and not to those in +the custody of the modern "Registrar." I need scarcely add, that my +concern is with the strictly _legal_ rights of search, and demand of +fees; and not as to what courtesy may concede, or usage sanction. + + D. + + Rotherfield. + +345. _Bacon a Poet._--In Boswell's Journal of his _Tour to the Hebrides_ +he quotes the subjoined couplet, premising, "As Bacon says-- + + "Who then to frail mortality shall trust, + But limns the water, or but writes in dust." + +Is not _Bacon_ here a slip of the pen or press? Sir Nicholas Bacon, Lord +Bacon, and Bacon the sculptor, are the only conspicuous men of the name, +and none of them that I know wrote verses. + + R. CS. + +346. _Tregonwell Frampton._--Where can I obtain any particulars of the +life of Tregonwell Frampton, Esq., commonly called the "Father of the +Turf," who died at an advanced age about 1727-8. Reference is made to +him in the _Rambler_. + + T. R. W. + +347. _Weever and Fuller--their Autographs wanted._--Can any of your +readers direct the etcher of a portrait of Weever, where to find his +autograph, from which to make a copy to illustrate it? It is not to be +found in the British Museum. The extreme paucity of information +respecting this worthy is somewhat strange, considering the value of his +contributions to literature. In our leading biographies and cyclopdias +his name does not occur. By-the-bye, where was he buried, and what +inscription is there on his "funeral monument?" + +An etched portrait is about to be published in the next part of the +_Antiquarian Etching Club_, of Fuller, the author of _Worthies_, _Church +History_, &c., without a copy of his signature for the same reason, +unless one should be discovered. + +It has been suggested that search made in the library of Queen's +College, Cambridge, might prove successful in both cases, from the fact +of their having both belonged to that college. Perhaps some member of +the university would kindly undertake the inquiry. + + A. E. C. + +348. _Is the Badger Amphibious?_--Turner (_Sacred History of the World_, +Letter XV. vol. i. p. 428. 4th edit. 1833) says: + + "The beaver, otter, and _badger_ are _amphibious_ creatures, but + not oviparous." + +Surely this is a mistake, and worthy of a Note? I cannot find the badger +mentioned as an _amphibious_ animal in any modern zoology. I certainly +have not by me Kerr's _Linnus_ to refer to, as a verification of Sharon +Turner's note on this passage. + + CHARLES PASLAM. + + +Minor Queries Answered. + +_Royal Registers._--I have nine volumes of a work published by Bew, +Paternoster Row, and which appeared from 1778 to 1784, pretending to +give sketches of the characters of public men by his Majesty. Can any of +your correspondents inform me who was the writer, and what number of +volumes were published? + + B. + + [This literary curiosity was completed in nine volumes, which are + sometimes bound in three. In 1841 Mr. H. G. Bohn advertised a copy + with all the names filled up in manuscript, the initials being no + doubt sufficiently intelligible at that time. For a notion of the + work on its first appearance, see the _Gentleman's Magazine_, vol. + xlviii. p. 130.] + +_Paul Hoste._--Paul Hoste, a Jesuit, published early in the seventeenth +century a small quarto with diagrams on "Breaking the Line," so much +discussed, as being first done in Rodney's action. If any one can give +me some account of Paul Hoste and his _scientific_ views on naval +architecture, the information will be acceptable to + + GROTUS. + + [See Chalmers' and Gorton's _Biographical Dictionaries_; Moreri, + _Le Grand Dictionnaire_, and _Nouveau Dictionnaire Historique, + s.v._] + +"_Liber Mirabilis._"--Can any of your readers inform me if there be a +copy of the _Liber Mirabilis_ in any library in the United Kingdom? It +contains a remarkable prediction of St. Csario, Bishop of Arles, in the +year 542. The work is printed in Gothic characters, and there is a copy +in the Royal Library, Paris. + + CLERICUS. + + Dublin. + + [A copy is in the library of the British Museum, consisting of two + parts. Part I. is in Latin, and Part II. in French, 4to., 1523.] + +_Saint Richard, King of England._--In the Romish Calendar we find, on +the 7th February, amongst other saints, "Saint Richard, King of +England." Which of our Richards does this refer to? I have never read in +history of any of them having been canonized, nor should I have thought +any of them at all a likely candidate for that honour; but if such was +really the case, I presume that Coeur de Lion must be the man, and that +his valour in the Crusades was suffered to outweigh his many other +unsaintly qualities. + + J. S. WARDEN. + + Balica. + + [St. Richard was an English prince, in the kingdom of the West + Saxons, which it is probable he renounced that he might dedicate + himself to the pursuit of Christian perfection. About the year + 722, on his way to Rome, he died suddenly at Lucca in Italy. See + Butler's _Lives of the Saints_, Feb. 7.] + +_Saint Irene or St. Erini._--Can any of your correspondents direct me to +where information may be found regarding the Saint Irene or St. Erini, +from whom the Grecian island of Santorin takes its name? + + [Greek: S.] + + Bristol Dec. 1. 1851. + + [Irene, Empress of Constantinople, A.D. 797-802, was one of the + most extraordinary women in Byzantine history. The Greeks have + placed her among their saints, and celebrate her memory on the + 15th of August. Consult Smith's _Dictionary of Greek and Roman + Biography and Mythology_, and Gibbon's _Decline and Fall_, chap. + xlviii.] + + + + +Replies. + + +COCKNEY. + +(Vol. iv., pp. 273. 318.) + +The following passages collected from various sources, will perhaps help +to illustrate the origin and the several meanings of this word +_Cockney_:-- + +Fuller's first sense is-- + + "One coaks'd or cockered, made a wanton or nestle-cock of, + delicately bred and brought up, so that when grown men or women + they can endure no hardship, nor comport with pains taking." + + "'Tis not their fault, but our mothers', our cockering mothers, + who for their labour make us to be called _Cockneys_."--Dekker, _A + Knight's Conjuring_, 1607. + + "And when this jape is told another day + I shall be halden a daffe or a _Cokenay_." + + Chaucer, _The Reve's Tale_. + +The following extracts will show that to this first sense Fuller might +have added, _one abundantly and daintily fed:_-- + + "Unlesse it be shortly considered, and that faukons be broughte to + _a more homelye diete_, it is ryght likely, that within a shorte + space of yeares, our familiar pultry shall be as scarse, as be now + partriche and fesaunte. I speake not this in disprayse of the + faukons, but of them whiche keepeth them lyke _Cokeneys_."--Elyot, + _The Governour_, 1557. + + "Some again are in the other extreme, and draw this mischief on + their heads by too ceremonious and strict diet, being over precise + _cockney-like_, and curious in their observation of + meats."--Burton. _Anatomy of Melancholy_. + +Fuller's second sense is-- + + "One utterly ignorant of husbandry and huswifery such as is + practised in the country, so that he may be easily persuaded + anything about rural commodities, and the original thereof." + +He relates the old _cock-neigh_ story, and adds another jest of a +similar kind: + + "One merrily persuaded a she-citizen, that seeing _malt_ did not + grow, the good huswives in the country did spin it; 'I knew as + much,' said the _Cockney_, 'for one may see the threads hang out + at the ends thereof." + +Shakspeare uses the word _Cockney_ in this latter sense in _King Lear_, +Act II. Sc. 4.: + + "_Lear._ Oh me, my heart, my rising heart! But down." + + "_Fool._ Cry to it, nuncle, as the _Cockney_ did to the eels, when + she put 'em i' th' paste alive; she knapt 'em o' th' coxcombs with + a stick, and cried 'Down, wantons, down;' 'twas her brother, that + in pure kindness to his horse buttered his hay." + +_Cokeney_ was apparently used in very early times to designate _London_. +In the _Britannia_, art. "Suffolk," Hugh Bigod, a rebellious baron in +the time of Henry II., boasts thus: + + "Were I in my castle of Bungey, + Upon the river Waveney, + I would ne care for the King of _Cockeney_." + +I conceive that _Cokeney_ in this sense is derived from the Anglo-Saxon +word _cycene_, a kitchen or cooking place. Nares, however, in his +_Glossary_, says: + + "Le pais de cocagne, in French, means a country of good cheer; in + old French _coquaine_; cocagna, in Italian, has the same meaning. + Both might be derived from _coquina_. This famous country, if it + could be found, is described as a region 'where the hills were + made of sugar-candy, and the loaves ran down the hills, crying + 'Come eat me, _come eat me_.'" + +Hickes gives, in his _Anglo-Saxon Grammar_, an ancient poem, describing +the plenteous land of _Cokeney_ or _Cokaigne_: + + "Fur in see hi west Spaynge + Is a lond ihote Cocaygne + Ther nis lond under hevenriche + Of wel of goodnis hit iliche + In Cokaygne is met and drink + Withute care, how, and swink + ....... + Ther nis lac of met no cloth + ....... + Ther beth rivers gret and fine + Of oile, melk, honi and wine. + Water seruith ther to nothing + Bot to siyt and to waussing. + ....... + Ther is a wel fair abbei + Of white monkes and of grei + ....... + The gees irostid on the spitte + Fleey to that abbai, god hit wot, + And gredith 'gees al hote, al hot.'" + +Shakspeare's use of _Cockney_, in _Twelfth Night_, Act IV. Sc. 1., is +somewhat obscure; but I conceive that the Clown means to express his +opinion that the world is already replete with folly: + + "_Seb._ I prithee vent thy folly somewhere else; thou know'st + not me. + + "_Clown._ Vent my folly! He has heard that word of some great + man, and now applies it to a fool. Vent my folly! I am + afraid this great lubber, the world, will prove a + _Cockney_." + +The Clown probably intends to say, that to vent his folly to the world +will be like sending coals to Newcastle, or provisions to _Cocagne_; for +that, as regards folly, this great lubber the world will prove to be a +_Cocagne_ or _Cokeney_, _i.e._ a land of plenty. He may, however, mean +to hint, in a round-about way, that _Cockneys_, or natives of London, +are full of folly; or that the world is as well supplied with folly as a +_Cockney_ is with food. + +I do not know whether I committed a _Cockney_, a _clerical_, or a +_canonical_ error, when I wrote the name of Chaucer under the following +lines instead of the word _Cokeney_:-- + + "I have no peny, quod Pierce, polettes for to bie, + Ne neither gose ne grys, but two grene cheses, + A few curdes and creame, and an haver cake, + And two loves of beanes and branne, bake for mi folke, + And yet I say by my soule, I have no salt bacon + Ne no _Cokeney_, by Christe, coloppes to make." + + _The Vision of Pierce Plowman_, printed 1550. + + "At that fest thay wer seruyd with a ryche aray, + Every fyve and fyve had a _Cokenay_." + + _The Turnament of Tottenham._ + +The sentence for which I am responsible, p. 318., should read thus: +"_Cokeney_, in the above lines quoted by Webster, probably refers to any +substantial dish of fresh meat which might be cut in collops." I may add +that this use of the word brings it into close alliance with the +Anglo-Saxon word _cocnunga_, signifying _things cooked_, _pies_, +_puddings_, and _cock's-meat_. + +The French and Neapolitan festivals, called _cocagne_ and _cocagna_, +appear to have presented themselves in this country under the form of +Cockneys' feasts and revels conducted by the King of Cockneys. Strype, +in the first appendix to his edition of Stow's _London_, under the head +"Stepney," describes at some length "The Cockney's Feast of Stepney;" +and Dugdale, in his _Origines Juridiciales_, recapitulates an order +entered on the _Register of Lincoln's Inn_, vol. iv. fo. 81a, in the 9th +of Henry VIII.: + + "That the _King of Cockneys_ in Childermass-day should sit and + have due service, and that he and all his officers should use + honest and lawful manner and good order, without any waste of + destruction making, in wine, brawn, chely, or other victuals: as + also that he, his marshal, butler, and constable marshal, should + have their lawful and honest commandments by delivery of the + officers of Christmas: and that the said King of Cockneys, ne none + of his officers, medyll neither in the buttry nor in the Stuard of + Christmass his office--upon pain of xi's. for every such medling. + And lastly, that Jack Straw and all his adherents should be + thenceforth utterly banisht, and no more to be used in this house + upon pain to forfeit, for every time five pounds, to be levied on + every fellow hapning to offend against this rule." + +Some obliging bencher of Lincoln's Inn will perhaps have the goodness to +examine, or to permit me to examine the _Register_, to ascertain whether +this potentate was king of Cockneys, as Dugdale has it, or of Cockney. + + A LONDONER. + + +Replies to Minor Queries. + +_The Word Infortuner_ (Vol. iv., p. 328.).--J. C. W. enquires, "Is +_infortuner_ to be found in any old Dictionary?" I would state that I +have not been able to find it; but in Cockeram's _English Dictionarie_, +1639, I find "_Infortunate_, unhappy;" and in Bailey's _Dictionary_, +vol. i. 1753, "_Infortunate_, unhappy, unlucky;" "_Infortune_, +misfortune," referred to Chaucer; "_Infortunes_, an astrological term, +applied to Saturn and Mars, because of their unfortunate influences;" +"_Infortunid_, unfortunate," referred to Chaucer; and in vol. ii of +Bailey's _Dictionary_, 1727, I find "_Infortunateness_, unhappiness, +unluckiness." It is singular that Cockeram gives "infortunate" in his +first alphabet, which, he says, in his preface, "hath the _choicest_ +words now in use, wherewith our language is enriched." "Unfortunate" he +places in the second alphabet, which, he says, "contains the _vulgar_ +words." Neither Cole's _English Dictionary_, 1685, nor Blount's +_Glossographia_, 1670, nor Phillips' _World of Words_, 1678, contain the +word "unfortunate" in any of its terminations or applications. Mr. +Halliwell, in his _Dictionary of Provincial Words_, gives the word +"_Infortune_, misfortune," deriving it from the Anglo-Norman. + +Whilst referring thus to our early lexicographers, allow me to allude +to an anecdote respecting, Dr. Adam Lyttleton, who, when compiling his +Latin Dictionary, announced the verb "concurro" to his amanuensis; the +latter, imagining, from an affinity of sound, that the first two +syllables gave the English meaning of the verb, said, "_Concur_, I +suppose, sir." To which the Doctor peevishly replied, "_Concur_, +condog." The scribe wrote down what he supposed his employer dictated, +and the word "condog" was inserted, and stands as one interpretation of +"concurro" in the first edition of the Dictionary; it is, of course, +expunged from subsequent ones. I give this statement as I find it in +print. I do not vouch for its correctness, not having the first edition +of the Dictionary to refer to. Strange to say, however, "condog" was +regarded as a synonym, or rather as an equivalent to "concur," long +before the date of the first edition of Dr. Lyttleton's _Dictionary_. In +Cockeram's _Dictionarie_, before referred to, sixth edition, 1639, I +find the second alphabet, among the words which the author calls +_vulgar_, the verb "to agree" defined "Concurre, cohere, _condog_, +condiscend." Cockeram's _Dictionary_ was evidently a work of some +authority in its day; it was dedicated to Sir Richard Boyle, and reached +to, at least, a _sixth_ edition, which edition is announced in the +title-page as "revised and enlarged," and therefore "condog" did not owe +its place in it to the error of an amanuensis or transcriber. The book, +although small, contains much curious matter, to which I may, perhaps, +hereafter refer. In his "premonition to the reader," he says, "where +thou meetest with a word marked thus +, know you that it is now out of +use, and only used of some ancient writers." Among these words thus +marked as obsolete in 1639, I find, on casually opening the book, the +following, "abandon, abate, bardes, insanity." He also defines _Troy +weight_ as "a pound weight of twelve ounces, wherewith _bread_, precious +stones, gold and silver are weighed." Blount also (1670), and Cole +(1685), say bread was sold by Troy weight; the latter adds medicines to +the articles sold by that standard. Cowell, in his _Law Dictionary_ +(1708), says, "Electuaries, and medicinal things, and _brede_, are to be +weighed by Troy weight;" Bayley, in 1753, says, "Gold, silver, drugs," +&c., are weighed by Troy weight, but does not enumerate bread. Can any +of your readers inform me when bread was first directed to be sold by +Troy weight, and when it ceased to be so? + + P. T. + + Stoke Newington. + +_Foreign Ambassadors_ (Vol. iv., p. 442.).--There is a list of French +ambassadors, envoys, ministers, and other political agents at the court +of England, in the _Annuaire_ of the Socit de l'histoire de France for +1848, which is the twelfth volume of the series. The list commences in +1396, and is continued to 1830. + +I believe there is a copy of this most useful publication in the British +Museum. If so, it should appear in the _experimental_ catalogue of 1841, +under the head of ACADEMIES--EUROPE--FRANCE--PARIS--_Socit de +l'histoire de France!_ + + BOLTON CORNEY. + +_Petition for the Recall from Spain of the Duke of Wellington_ (Vol. +iv., p. 233.).--GROTUS asked if a copy of the petition to the above +effect from the Corporation of London to the Crown can be found, as it +is a droll historical document, which should not sink into oblivion; he +jumps at the conclusion that it does exist, but I think is mistaken. +Through the kindness of a friend who is in the Corporation, I have had +the journals searched, and have not been successful in finding any +address to the above tenor. There are abundance congratulating the +Prince Regent on the successes of the Duke, but none of censure. I have +likewise ascertained that some of the oldest servants of the City feel +quite sure that no such address was ever carried. If GROTUS can give me +any grounds for his belief, or anything likely to aid my inquiry, I will +renew the search. + + E. N. W. + + Southwark. + + + + +Miscellaneous. + + +NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC. + +If any doubt could exist as to the value of the _Germania_ of Tacitus, +as an invaluable contribution to the history of all the Teutonic races, +a glance at the Appendix to Klemm's _Germanische Altherthumskunde_, in +which that author has enumerated not only the best editions and +translations of the _Germania_, but also the most important +dissertations to which it has given rise, would at once dispel it. The +scholar and the antiquary of this country may therefore be congratulated +on the fact of Dr. Latham having prepared an edition of it, which has +been issued under the title of _The Germania of Tacitus, with +Ethnological Dissertations and Notes_. Although "the work," to use Dr. +Latham's own words, "is rather a commentary upon the geographical part +of the _Germania_, than on the _Germania_ itself--the purely descriptive +part relating to the customs of the early Germans being passed over +almost _sicco pede_,"--yet our readers will have no difficulty in +estimating its importance, when we inform them that the Ethnological +Dissertations and Notes which accompany the text may be said to embody +the views, (ofttimes indeed dissented from by Dr. Latham,) of Grimm and +Zeuss, and the learning with which those distinguished men have +illustrated the subject. Indeed, Dr. Latham, who sets an example of +openly acknowledging his obligations to other scholars which we should +be glad to see more generally followed, expressly states, that whether +the work before us took its present form, or that of a translation with +an elaborate commentary of Zeuss's learned and indispensable work, _Die +Deutschen und die Nachbarstmme_, was a mere question of convenience. + +If the story that we have heard be true, namely, that one of the most +learned and active members of the episcopal bench did, at a late +clerical meeting, hold up a copy of Whitaker's _Clergyman's Diary and +Ecclesiastical Directory_, and pronounce it to be a little book so full +of useful and invaluable information as to be indispensable to every +clergyman, it is clear that the work is beyond all criticism. + +_The Family Almanack and Educational Register for 1852_, contains--in +addition to full particulars of nearly a thousand public schools, +colleges, and universities, and a list (containing upwards of a +thousand) of the principal private schools in the kingdom,--a vast +amount of miscellaneous information (including for the first time the +Statutes of the Irish University) and statistical tables, and so forms a +volume which no person interested in the great question of education can +at all do without. + +While on the subject of education, we may acknowledge the receipt of +several educational works, which we can only notice with great brevity. + +M. Merlet's _Dictionary of French Difficulties_ (which, but that the +subject is almost too grave for such a jest, we should have suggested +might very appropriately have been dedicated to the President) bears on +its title the stamp of its merit in the words "_third edition_." + +M. Falch Lebahn's _Self Instructor in German_; _Practice in German_; and +_German in One Volume_ (4th ed.), are very able attempts to facilitate +the study of that most useful language. + +The last work, containing as it does La Motte Fouque's beautiful tale of +_Undine_, with explanatory notes on all the difficult words and phrases, +and its vocabulary of 4500 words synonymous in German and English, +cannot be found otherwise than most useful. + + +BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES + +WANTED TO PURCHASE. + +SOUTHEY'S EDITION OF COWPER. Vols. X. XII. XIII. XIV. + +JOURNAL OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF DUBLIN. Vol. I. Part I. (Several +copies are wanted, and it is believed that many are lying in London or +Dublin.) + +MITFORD'S HISTORY OF GREECE. Vol. VI. Cadell, 1822. 8vo. + +WILLIS'S ARCHITECTURE OF THE MIDDLE AGES. 15_s._ will be given for a +copy. + +FLUDD (ROBERT, M.D.) _alias_ DE FLUCTIBUS, called the Searcher. Any of +his works. + +BEHMEN'S (JACOB) GENESIS. + +LAW'S APPEAL, &c. + +LAW'S APPEAL CASE OF REASON. + +HUNTER'S DEANERY OF DONCASTER. Vol. I. Large or small paper. + +CLARE'S RURAL MUSE. + +CHRISTIAN PIETY FREED FROM THE DELUSIONS OF MODERN ENTHUSIASTS. A.D. +1756 or 1757. + +AN ANSWER TO FATHER HUDDLESTONE'S SHORT AND PLAIN WAY TO THE FAITH AND +CHURCH. By Samuel Grascombe. London, 1703. 8vo. + +REASONS FOR ABROGATING THE TEST IMPOSED UPON ALL MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT. +By Samuel Parker, Lord Bishop of Oxon. 1688. 4to. + + [Star symbol] Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, + _carriage free_, to be sent to MR. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND + QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street. + + +NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS. + +"_Our correspondents will see, on very little reflection, that it is +plainly the Editor's interest to take all he can get, and make the most +and the best of every thing." Thus we spoke in our earlier numbers, and +we repeat it now as a reply to two or three communications which have +reached us during the present week. As in the management of_ "NOTES AND +QUERIES" _we can have no party to serve, no prejudices to gratify, we +beg our correspondents--more especially those who are personally unknown +to us (and to whose communications we always endeavor to give the +earliest insertion possible, because we cannot explain to them, as we +could to those to whom we are known, the reasons for delay.)--that for +the delay or non-insertion of their communications there are always what +we believe they would admit to be satisfactory reasons if they were but +acquainted with them; although, from the difficulty attendant on the +management of a work like the present, we are not able to bring those +reasons before them._ + +_Among other interesting articles which are in type, but necessarily +omitted from the present number, are_ "The Crucifix as used by the Early +Christians," _by_ SIR J. EMERSON TENNENT; "Remains of James II.;" "Wady +Mokatteb identified with Kibroth Hattavah," _by the_ Rev. M. +Margoliouth; "Legend of the Red Breast," &c. + +JARLTZBERG _is thanked. His suggestion will be carried out at the +commencement of the New Year._ + +GRUS. _Surely the inscription is not correctly copied. The first line we +should read_ "LADI, HELP!" _and the second_, "MERCY, JHESU!" + +P. M. M. _The article on_ "Deep Wells," _is omitted this week only from +want of room. The other communication is postponed for a short time._ + +W. W. R. (Oxford) _is at present the only remonstrant. We will, however, +give his suggestion our best consideration._ + +J. B. (Manchester), _who inquires respecting the family of Tonge, is +informed that his Query may be fully answered by a reference to_ vol. +xiii. _of the Rev. Canon Raine's_ Lancashire MSS. + +W. L. (Hitchin) _will find articles on_ "Vegetating Insects" _in our_ +3rd Vol. pp. 166, 398, 436. + +LONG'S ASTRONOMY _has been reported, and may be had by applying to our +Publisher._ + +_Full price will be given for clean copies of_ No. 19. _upon application +to our Publisher._ + +REPLIES RECEIVED.--_Derivation of London--General Moyle--Cavalcade, +&c.--Races in which Children are named after the Mother--Schola +Cordis--Voltaire--Cagots--Carmagnoles--Use of +Tobacco--Pigeons--Inscription on Spectacles--Talented--Latin verse on +Franklin--Warnings to Scotland--Suicides--Earwig--Johannes +Trithemius--Share of Presbyters, &c.--Countess of Desmond--Proverbial +Philosophy--Crosses and Crucifixes--Theodolite--Mitigation of Capital +Punishment--Milesian--Truth--Verses in Prose--Cabal--Jocelyns' +Legacy--San Grail--Curious Tenure--Boiling to Death--Arbor Lowe._ + +_Copies of our_ Prospectus, _according to the suggestion of T. E. H, +will be forwarded to any correspondent willing to assist us by +circulating them._ + +VOLS. I., II., _and_ III., _with very copious Indices, may still be had, +price 9s. 6d. each, neatly bound in cloth._ + +NOTES AND QUERIES _is published at noon on Friday, so that our country +Subscribers may receive it on Saturday. The subscription for the Stamped +Edition is 1Os. 2d. for Six Months, which may be paid by Post-office +Order drawn in favour of our Publisher_, MR. GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet +Street; _to whose care all communications for the Editor should be +addressed._ + +_Erratum._--In last line but one of Art. 307. p. 424. for "proud +father," read "grandfather." + + + + +Just published, by THOMAS KERSLAKE, Bookseller, No. 3. Park Street, +Bristol. + + A CATALOGUE OF THE ENTIRE PHILOLOGICAL AND ANTIQUARIAN LIBRARY of + the late MR. SERJEANT LUDLOW, Town Clerk of Bristol, Leader of the + Oxford Circuit, &c. &c., lately bought of his Executors, and + containing the Principal Works on ANGLO-SAXON and GOTHIC + LITERATURE, the Collections of OLD ENGLISH POETRY, &c. To which is + prefixed (by Permission of the Author) his CHARACTER, by the Hon. + SIR T. NOON TALFOURD. (Franked by two Stamps.) + + Also, + + A CATALOGUE OF THE GEOLOGICAL and SCIENTIFIC LIBRARY of the late + REV. DAVID WILLIAMS, Rector of Bleadon, Somerset. (Franked by one + Stamp.) + + THOMAS KERSLAKE, Old and New Bookseller, No. 3. Park Street, + Bristol. + + +PRESTON, LANCASHIRE + + Collections in Numismatology and Natural History, Miscellaneous + Library, &c., of the late MR. KENYON, F.R.S.E., &c. + + MR. JOHN BURTON respectfully announces to the Virtuosi, + Naturalists, &c. that he will SELL by AUCTION in his Rooms, No. + 11+. Fishergate, Preston, on MONDAY, the 8th, TUESDAY, the 9th, + WEDNESDAY, the 10th, THURSDAY, the 11th, FRIDAY, the 12th,--on + MONDAY, the 15th, TUESDAY, the 16th, WEDNESDAY, the 17th. + THURSDAY, the 18th, and FRIDAY, the 19th days of DECEMBER, 1851, + at 11 o'clock in the Forenoon each day, the MOST IMPORTANT and + VALUABLE COLLECTION of COINS and MEDALS ever offered to public + competition in this portion of the provinces. It comprises nearly + six thousand specimens of Coinage, Ancient, Medival, and Modern; + including Greek, Roman, Byzantine, British, Anglo-Saxon, + Anglo-Gallic, English, Scotch, Irish, various Continental, &c., in + Gold, Electrum, Silver, Tin, Copper, Bronze, and other Metals, all + in exceedingly fine preservation, and extending chronologically to + the present time--a collection of unparalleled interest to the + Historian, Archologist, and Virtuoso.--Several Cabinets of + Natural Curiosities, illustrative of the Sciences of Geology, + Mineralogy, Conchology, Entomology, and Botany.--A Miscellaneous + Library, including numerous valuable Numismatic Works, Works on + the several branches of Natural History, &c.:--and a few Oil + Paintings, Framed Engravings, and other effects, late the property + of the very eminent Connoisseur and Collector, MR. KENYON, + F.R.S.E., &c. deceased. + + Also, + + The Medical and Miscellaneous Library, Surgical Instruments, + Chemical Apparatus and Appliances, Powerful Magic Lantern, Solar + Microscope, Theodolite, &c. &c. + + LATE the PROPERTY of W. ALEXANDER, + + Esq., M.D., deceased. + + Catalogues (in two Parts, Sixpence each) may be had on application + to Mr. JOHN BURTON, Auctioneer and Accountant, 11+, Fishergate, or + 38. Avenham Lane, near the Terrace, Preston. + + +WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE AND + + ANNUITY SOCIETY, + + 3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON. + + Founded A.D. 1812. + + _Directors._ + + H. Edgeworth Bicknell, Esq. + William Cabell, Esq. + T. Somers Cocks, Jun. Esq. M.P. + G. Henry Drew, Esq. + William Evans, Esq. + William Freeman, Esq. + F. Fuller, Esq. + J. Henry Goodhart, Esq. + T. Grissell, Esq. + James Hunt, Esq. + J. Arscott Lethbridge, Esq. + E. Lucas, Esq. + James Lys Seager, Esq. + J. Basley White, Esq. + Joseph Carter Wood, Esq. + + _Trustees._ + + W. Whateley, Esq., Q.C. + L. C. Humfrey, Esq., Q.C. + George Drew, Esq. + + _Consulting Counsel._--Sir William P. Wood, M.P., + Solicitor-General. + + _Physician._--William Rich. Basham, M.D. + + _Bankers._--Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross. + + VALUABLE PRIVILEGE. + + POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through + temporary difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given + upon application to suspend the payment at interest, according to + the conditions detailed in the Prospectus. + + Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100_l._, with a Share + in three-fourths of the Profits:-- + + Age. _s._ _d._ + + 17 1 14 4 + 22 1 18 8 + 27 2 4 5 + 32 2 10 8 + 37 2 18 6 + 42 3 8 2 + + ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary. + + Now ready, price 10_s._ 6_d._, Second Edition, with material + additions, INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION; being a TREATISE + on BENEFIT BUILDING SOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of + Land Investment, exemplified in the Cases of Freehold Land + Societies, Building Companies, &c. With a Mathematical Appendix on + Compound Interest and Life Assurance. By ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., + Actuary to the Western Life Assurance Society, 3. Parliament + Street, London. + + +THE BEST IS THE CHEAPEST. + + The Best Congou Tea 3_s._ 8_d._ per lb. + The Best Souchong Tea 4_s._ 4_d._ " + The Best Gunpowder Tea 5_s._ 8_d._ " + The Best Old Mocha Coffee 1_s._ 4_d._ " + The Best West India Coffee 1_s._ 4_d._ " + The Fine True Ripe Rich + Rare Souchong Tea 4_s._ 0_d._ " + + 40_s._ worth or upwards sent CARRIAGE FREE to any part of England + by + + PHILLIPS & CO., TEA MERCHANTS, No. 8. King William Street, City, + London. + + +BOOKS AT REDUCED PRICES ON SALE BY GEORGE BELL, 186. FLEET ST. + + SHAKSPEARE'S PLAYS AND POEMS. 11 vols. 8vo. half morocco, neat. + 4_l._ 10_s._ Pickering. 1825. + + MILTON'S POETICAL WORKS. 3 vols. 8vo. half morocco, neat. 28_s._ + Pickering, 1826. + + CHAUCER'S CANTERBURY TALES, edited by TYRWHITT. 5 vols. 8vo. half + morocco, neat. 2_l._ 5_s._ Pickering, 1830. + + CHAUCER'S ROMAUNT OF THE ROSE, TROILUS AND CRESEIDE, AND MINOR + POEMS, with Life by Sir H. NICOLAS. 3 vols. 8vo. calf, old style + (by Hayday). 29_s._ Pickering, 1826. + + WILSON'S AND BONAPARTE'S NATURAL HISTORY OF THE BIRDS OF THE + UNITED STATES, Edited by JAMESON. 4 vols. 12mo. large paper, half + morocco, neat. 24_s._ Edinburgh, 1831. + + DR. JOHNSON'S WORKS, by MURPHY. 12 vols. 8vo. half calf, neat. + 3_l._ 12_s._ 1823. + + DEAN SWIFT'S WORKS, edited by HAWKESWORTH. 21 vols. 12mo. calf, + neat. 1_l._ 11_s._ 6_d._ 1760. + + MILTON'S POETICAL WORKS, by TODD. 6 vols. 8vo. half calf. 2_l._ + 2_s._ 1826. + + BEWICK'S QUADRUPEDS. 8vo. half calf. 9_s._ 1792. + + ARISTOTELIS OPERA, edited by BEKKER, 11 vols. 8vo. calf, extra, by + Hayday. 5_l._ 10_s._ Oxford, 1837. + + ROSE'S BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY. 12 vols. 8vo. half calf. 7_l._ + 1850. + + FACCIOLATTI LEXICON TOTIUS LATINITATIS CONSILIO ET CURA. + FACCIOLATTI OPERA ET STUDIO FORCELLINI. 2 vols. folio. russia. + 1_l._ 12_s._ Patav. 1805. + + ORATORES GRCI A REISKE. 12 vols. 8vo. russia, neat. 3_l._ 13_s._ + 6_d._ 1770-75. + + NEWMAN'S PAROCHIAL SERMONS. 5 vols. 8vo. boards. 35_s._ Published + at 2_l._ 12_s._ 6_d._ + + STOTHARD'S MONUMENTAL EFFIGIES. Folio, half morocco. 6_l._ 10_s._ + Published at 19_l._ + + OLD ENGLAND. Vol. I. folio, cloth. 15_s._ Published at _22s._ + 6_d._ + + ATLAS ANTIQUUS. SPRUNER. Royal 4to. cloth. 18_s._ Published at + 26_s._ 1850. + + ATLAS VON HELLAS. KIEPART. Folio. half morocco. 24_s._ + + WHOWELL'S ANALOGY OF THE OLD AND NEW TESTAMENTS. 2 vols. 4to. + cloth 1_l._ 10_s._ 1843. + + OXFORD TRACTS. 5 vols. in 6 parts, cloth, and No. 89. 30_s._ + + ARROWSMITH'S GENERAL ATLAS. Royal 4to. calf. 30_s._ Published at + 2_l._ 5_s._ 1840. + + CETIUS IN LOCA SCRIPTUR. Folio, calf. 6_s._ 1628. + + CATENA IN EPISTOLAS CATHOLICAS, accesserunt OEcumenii et Areth. + Commentarii in Apocalypsin. Edidit Cramer. 8vo. boards. 7_s._ + Published at 12_s._ 6_d._ 1840. + + LA PLACE'S MCANIQUE CLESTE, translated by BOWDITCH. 4 vols. 4to. + boards. Scarce. 11_s._ + + MOSHEIM'S ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 4 vols. 8vo. calf extra. 2_l._ + 5_s._ 1845. + + SCHELLER'S LATIN LEXICON, by RIDDLE. Folio. calf (Hayday). 4_l._ + 10_s._ 1830. + + SCHLEUSNER'S LEXICON TO THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 2 vols. 8vo half + bound. 10_s._ 6_d._ 1817. + + SCAPUL LEXICON. Folio, calf. 21_s._ Oxford, 1820. + + ---- 4to calf. 18_s._ London, 1820. + + +THE LITERARY GAZETTE + + IS ENLARGED, + + FOR THE PURPOSES OF + + SCIENCE, FINE ARTS, MUSIC, AND THE DRAMA. + + The Proprietors of "THE LITERARY GAZETTE," impressed with a + conviction that it was not possible to treat efficiently of + Literature, Science, Fine Arts, Music, and the Drama, within the + limits of a paper of sixteen pages, resolved, at the commencement + of their undertaking in January last, to devote the Journal + exclusively to the interests of Literature. As the season arrived + for the Exhibitions of Pictures, it was found necessary, in + compliance with the wishes of many Subscribers, to give Critical + Notices of them; but these were insufficient to mark the progress + of Fine Arts, while they intrenched upon the space intended for + Literature. The insertion of Reviews of Scientific Works elicited + also complaints that the Reports of the Learned Societies should + have been relinquished, and it has been felt that a weekly record + of the progress of Science is still a desideratum. + + Encouraged by the success that has attended their efforts in the + department of Literature (the circulation of "THE LITERARY + GAZETTE," notwithstanding these deficiencies, having been more + than doubled), the Proprietors have determined to enlarge their + Journal to twenty-four pages, and to devote the additional space + to special departments of Science, Fine Arts, Music, and the + Drama. + + The contents of "THE LITERARY GAZETTE" will henceforth be arranged + as follows:-- + + REVIEWS.--Critical Reviews, with extracts of all important new + English Works, and occasionally of Foreign Works. + + NOTICES.--Brief Critical and Analytical Notices of New Books, not + suitable for review. + + SUMMARY.--Announcements of Forthcoming Works, with notices of New + Editions, Reprints, Translations, Periodicals, and Pamphlets. + + LIST OF NEW BOOKS.--The usual List, with particulars of size, and + price of all books published during the week. + + COMMUNICATIONS.--Original Memoirs, Biographies, Accounts of + Scientific Voyages and Travels, Letters from Correspondents, &c. + + TOPICS OF THE WEEK.--An editorial record of literary, scientific, + and social intelligence. + + PROCEEDINGS OF SOCIETIES.--Abstracts of original Lectures and of + Papers read at the Learned Societies, with occasional Illustrative + Woodcuts of Diagrams, Sections, &c. + + FINE ARTS.--Reviews and Notices of Art Publications, Prints, + Exhibitions, Sales of Pictures, &c., and general art intelligence. + + FOREIGN CORRESPONDENCE.--Letters from Correspondents resident in + Paris, Leipsic, Madrid, and other continental cities. + + MUSIC.--Notices of Operas, Concerts, Oratorios, New Publications, + and general musical intelligence. + + THE DRAMA.--Reports of the Theatres, with Criticisms of New Plays, + and general dramatic intelligence. + + VARIETIES.--Fragments of general interest. + + Price FOURPENCE; Stamped Edition, FIVEPENCE. + + REEVE and BENHAM, 5. Henrietta Street, Covent Garden. + + +BOOK PLATES.--HERALDIC QUERIES answered; Family Arms found, and every +information afforded. Drawing of Arms, 2_s._ 6_d._; Painting ditto, +5_s._; Book Plate Crest, 5_s._; Arms, &c. from 20_s._; Crest on Card +Plate, and one hundred Cards, 8_s._; Queries answered for 1_s._ Saxon, +Medival, and Modern Style Book Plates. The best authorities and MS. +Books of thirty-five years' practice consulted.--Apply (if per letter +enclosing stamps or post office order) to JAMES FRISWELL, Heraldic +Engraver, 12. Brooke Street, Holborn. + + +BIBLES AND BIBLICAL WORKS FOR PRESENTATION. + + BAGSTER'S POLYGLOT BIBLES. + + The elegant manner in which these well-known Books are got up, + renders them especially eligible as PRESENTATION COPIES of the + "Sacred Scriptures." Bound in Bagster's peculiar style of flexible + Turkey morocco, of durable beauty, and enriched with every + external adornment, the typographical completeness is enhanced. + The Miniature Polyglot, or small pocket size, the Foolscap Octavo, + pocket size, and the Facsimile Large-Print Edition, all correspond + page for page; and in their combinations with the Book of Common + Prayer, Indexes, Concordances, Lexicons, etc., afford a variety + suited to every requirement. The "Comprehensive Family and Pulpit + Bible," containing the largest number of parallel references and + illustrative notes ever published, is kept, of various quarto + sizes, bound up with Family Registers, in plain and sumptuous + bindings. The "Hexapla" is a treasury of the most condensed + criticism. It consists of the Greek Text of the New Testament, + printed in the largest type, with six standard English + translations beneath it, arranged for comparison in parallel + columns. Kept in every style of best binding. "The Bible of Every + Land," now just completed, is a collection of interesting Memoirs + of every Language into which the Bible has been translated, with + engraved Specimens, numerous coloured Maps, and a full series of + Native Alphabets. "The Blank-Paged Bible," "The Biblia Ecclesi + Polyglotta," "The Large-Print Critical Greek Testament and + Septuagint" may also be suggested as suitable gifts. See + descriptive Catalogues, which are furnished without charge, and + sent free by post. + + London: SAMUEL BAGSTER AND SONS, 15. Paternoster Row, where, and + at most respectable Booksellers in the Kingdom, a large assortment + may be seen. + + MULT TERRICOLIS LINGU, COELESTIBUS UNA. + + [Greek: Pollai men thntois Glttai, mia d' Athanatoisin.] + + +THE IRISH QUARTERLY REVIEW, NO. IV. + + DECEMBER, 1851. Price 2_s._ 6_d._ + + I.--Halliburton's (Sam Slick) The English in America. + + II.--Maria Edgeworth. + + III.--A Glance at the Past and Present Condition of Ireland: "The + Exodus." + + IV.--The Celtic Records of Ireland. + + V.--Mr. Montague Dempsey's Experiences of the Landed + Interest--Concluded. + + VI.--The Poor-Law in Ireland--The Consolidated Annuities. + + VII.--Ruskin and the Pre-Raphaelists. + + Dublin: W. B. KELLY. 8. Grafton Street. London: SIMPKIN, MARSHALL + & CO. Edinburgh: OLIVER & BOYD. + + +Just published, 32mo. cloth, with Coloured Frontispiece, price 4_s._; +morocco, 6_s._ 6_d._ + + LYRA CHRISTIANA; Poems on Christianity and the Church, Original + and Selected. From the Works of ROBERT MONTGOMERY, M.A., Author of + "The Christian Life," "God and Man," &c. + + GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street. + + +TO PARISH CLERKS AND OTHERS.--One GUINEA REWARD will be paid for the +Certificate of Baptism of ROBERT BROUGHTON, born between 1700 and 1705. + + Address to the Publishing Office of "NOTES and QUERIES." + + +The Important Library of the COUNT MONDIDIER, deceased. + + Nine days' Sale. + + PUTTICK AND SIMPSON, Auctioneers of Literary Property, will sell + by Auction at their Great Room, 191. Piccadilly, on MONDAY, + December 15, and eight following days (Sunday excepted), the very + extensive and valuable Library of the COUNT MONDIDIER, deceased, + consigned from Germany. Also, a very important Selection from the + Library of a late well-known ENGLISH COLLECTOR, the whole + presenting an extraordinary assemblage of Voyages, Travels, and + Itineraries, Works relating to America, including many of the + rarest Productions, some of which have been hitherto unknown to + Bibliographers: together with many highly valuable Works in + General Literature, Natural History, Foreign and English Local and + Personal Histories, Private Memoirs, Ana. Faceti, &c. + &c.--Catalogues will be sent on application; if in the country, on + receipt of six stamps. + + + + +Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5 New +Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London; and +published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish of St. +Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet +Street aforesaid.--Saturday, December 13, 1851. + + + + + [List of volumes and pages in "Notes and Queries", Vol. I-IV] + + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Notes and Queries Vol. I. | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 1 | November 3, 1849 | 1 - 17 | PG # 8603 | + | Vol. I No. 2 | November 10, 1849 | 18 - 32 | PG # 11265 | + | Vol. I No. 3 | November 17, 1849 | 33 - 46 | PG # 11577 | + | Vol. I No. 4 | November 24, 1849 | 49 - 63 | PG # 13513 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 5 | December 1, 1849 | 65 - 80 | PG # 11636 | + | Vol. I No. 6 | December 8, 1849 | 81 - 95 | PG # 13550 | + | Vol. I No. 7 | December 15, 1849 | 97 - 112 | PG # 11651 | + | Vol. I No. 8 | December 22, 1849 | 113 - 128 | PG # 11652 | + | Vol. I No. 9 | December 29, 1849 | 130 - 144 | PG # 13521 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 10 | January 5, 1850 | 145 - 160 | PG # | + | Vol. I No. 11 | January 12, 1850 | 161 - 176 | PG # 11653 | + | Vol. I No. 12 | January 19, 1850 | 177 - 192 | PG # 11575 | + | Vol. I No. 13 | January 26, 1850 | 193 - 208 | PG # 11707 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 14 | February 2, 1850 | 209 - 224 | PG # 13558 | + | Vol. I No. 15 | February 9, 1850 | 225 - 238 | PG # 11929 | + | Vol. I No. 16 | February 16, 1850 | 241 - 256 | PG # 16193 | + | Vol. I No. 17 | February 23, 1850 | 257 - 271 | PG # 12018 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 18 | March 2, 1850 | 273 - 288 | PG # 13544 | + | Vol. I No. 19 | March 9, 1850 | 289 - 309 | PG # 13638 | + | Vol. I No. 20 | March 16, 1850 | 313 - 328 | PG # 16409 | + | Vol. I No. 21 | March 23, 1850 | 329 - 343 | PG # 11958 | + | Vol. I No. 22 | March 30, 1850 | 345 - 359 | PG # 12198 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 23 | April 6, 1850 | 361 - 376 | PG # 12505 | + | Vol. I No. 24 | April 13, 1850 | 377 - 392 | PG # 13925 | + | Vol. I No. 25 | April 20, 1850 | 393 - 408 | PG # 13747 | + | Vol. I No. 26 | April 27, 1850 | 409 - 423 | PG # 13822 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 27 | May 4, 1850 | 425 - 447 | PG # 13712 | + | Vol. I No. 28 | May 11, 1850 | 449 - 463 | PG # 13684 | + | Vol. I No. 29 | May 18, 1850 | 465 - 479 | PG # 15197 | + | Vol. I No. 30 | May 25, 1850 | 481 - 495 | PG # 13713 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Notes and Queries Vol. II. | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 31 | June 1, 1850 | 1- 15 | PG # 12589 | + | Vol. II No. 32 | June 8, 1850 | 17- 32 | PG # 15996 | + | Vol. II No. 33 | June 15, 1850 | 33- 48 | PG # 26121 | + | Vol. II No. 34 | June 22, 1850 | 49- 64 | PG # 22127 | + | Vol. II No. 35 | June 29, 1850 | 65- 79 | PG # 22126 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 36 | July 6, 1850 | 81- 96 | PG # 13361 | + | Vol. II No. 37 | July 13, 1850 | 97-112 | PG # 13729 | + | Vol. II No. 38 | July 20, 1850 | 113-128 | PG # 13362 | + | Vol. II No. 39 | July 27, 1850 | 129-143 | PG # 13736 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 40 | August 3, 1850 | 145-159 | PG # 13389 | + | Vol. II No. 41 | August 10, 1850 | 161-176 | PG # 13393 | + | Vol. II No. 42 | August 17, 1850 | 177-191 | PG # 13411 | + | Vol. II No. 43 | August 24, 1850 | 193-207 | PG # 13406 | + | Vol. II No. 44 | August 31, 1850 | 209-223 | PG # 13426 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 45 | September 7, 1850 | 225-240 | PG # 13427 | + | Vol. II No. 46 | September 14, 1850 | 241-256 | PG # 13462 | + | Vol. II No. 47 | September 21, 1850 | 257-272 | PG # 13936 | + | Vol. II No. 48 | September 28, 1850 | 273-288 | PG # 13463 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 49 | October 5, 1850 | 289-304 | PG # 13480 | + | Vol. II No. 50 | October 12, 1850 | 305-320 | PG # 13551 | + | Vol. II No. 51 | October 19, 1850 | 321-351 | PG # 15232 | + | Vol. II No. 52 | October 26, 1850 | 353-367 | PG # 22624 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 53 | November 2, 1850 | 369-383 | PG # 13540 | + | Vol. II No. 54 | November 9, 1850 | 385-399 | PG # 22138 | + | Vol. II No. 55 | November 16, 1850 | 401-415 | PG # 15216 | + | Vol. II No. 56 | November 23, 1850 | 417-431 | PG # 15354 | + | Vol. II No. 57 | November 30, 1850 | 433-454 | PG # 15405 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 58 | December 7, 1850 | 457-470 | PG # 21503 | + | Vol. II No. 59 | December 14, 1850 | 473-486 | PG # 15427 | + | Vol. II No. 60 | December 21, 1850 | 489-502 | PG # 24803 | + | Vol. II No. 61 | December 28, 1850 | 505-524 | PG # 16404 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Notes and Queries Vol. III. | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 62 | January 4, 1851 | 1- 15 | PG # 15638 | + | Vol. III No. 63 | January 11, 1851 | 17- 31 | PG # 15639 | + | Vol. III No. 64 | January 18, 1851 | 33- 47 | PG # 15640 | + | Vol. III No. 65 | January 25, 1851 | 49- 78 | PG # 15641 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 66 | February 1, 1851 | 81- 95 | PG # 22339 | + | Vol. III No. 67 | February 8, 1851 | 97-111 | PG # 22625 | + | Vol. III No. 68 | February 15, 1851 | 113-127 | PG # 22639 | + | Vol. III No. 69 | February 22, 1851 | 129-159 | PG # 23027 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 70 | March 1, 1851 | 161-174 | PG # 23204 | + | Vol. III No. 71 | March 8, 1851 | 177-200 | PG # 23205 | + | Vol. III No. 72 | March 15, 1851 | 201-215 | PG # 23212 | + | Vol. III No. 73 | March 22, 1851 | 217-231 | PG # 23225 | + | Vol. III No. 74 | March 29, 1851 | 233-255 | PG # 23282 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 75 | April 5, 1851 | 257-271 | PG # 23402 | + | Vol. III No. 76 | April 12, 1851 | 273-294 | PG # 26896 | + | Vol. III No. 77 | April 19, 1851 | 297-311 | PG # 26897 | + | Vol. III No. 78 | April 26, 1851 | 313-342 | PG # 26898 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 79 | May 3, 1851 | 345-359 | PG # 26899 | + | Vol. III No. 80 | May 10, 1851 | 361-382 | PG # 32495 | + | Vol. III No. 81 | May 17, 1851 | 385-399 | PG # 29318 | + | Vol. III No. 82 | May 24, 1851 | 401-415 | PG # 28311 | + | Vol. III No. 83 | May 31, 1851 | 417-440 | PG # 36835 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 84 | June 7, 1851 | 441-472 | PG # 37379 | + | Vol. III No. 85 | June 14, 1851 | 473-488 | PG # 37403 | + | Vol. III No. 86 | June 21, 1851 | 489-511 | PG # 37496 | + | Vol. III No. 87 | June 28, 1851 | 513-528 | PG # 37516 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Notes and Queries Vol. IV. | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 88 | July 5, 1851 | 1- 15 | PG # 37548 | + | Vol. IV No. 89 | July 12, 1851 | 17- 31 | PG # 37568 | + | Vol. IV No. 90 | July 19, 1851 | 33- 47 | PG # 37593 | + | Vol. IV No. 91 | July 26, 1851 | 49- 79 | PG # 37778 | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 92 | August 2, 1851 | 81- 94 | PG # 38324 | + | Vol. IV No. 93 | August 9, 1851 | 97-112 | PG # 38337 | + | Vol. IV No. 94 | August 16, 1851 | 113-127 | PG # 38350 | + | Vol. IV No. 95 | August 23, 1851 | 129-144 | PG # 38386 | + | Vol. IV No. 96 | August 30, 1851 | 145-167 | PG # 38405 | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 97 | Sept. 6, 1851 | 169-183 | PG # 38433 | + | Vol. IV No. 98 | Sept. 13, 1851 | 185-200 | PG # 38491 | + | Vol. IV No. 99 | Sept. 20, 1851 | 201-216 | PG # 38574 | + | Vol. IV No. 100 | Sept. 27, 1851 | 217-246 | PG # 38656 | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 101 | Oct. 4, 1851 | 249-264 | PG # 38701 | + | Vol. IV No. 102 | Oct. 11, 1851 | 265-287 | PG # 38773 | + | Vol. IV No. 103 | Oct. 18, 1851 | 289-303 | PG # 38864 | + | Vol. IV No. 104 | Oct. 25, 1851 | 305-333 | PG # 38926 | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 105 | Nov. 1, 1851 | 337-358 | PG # 39076 | + | Vol. IV No. 106 | Nov. 8, 1851 | 361-374 | PG # 39091 | + | Vol. IV No. 107 | Nov. 15, 1851 | 377-396 | PG # 39135 | + | Vol. IV No. 108 | Nov. 22, 1851 | 401-414 | PG # 39197 | + | Vol. IV No. 109 | Nov. 29, 1851 | 417-430 | PG # 39233 | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 110 | Dec. 6, 1851 | 433-460 | PG # 39338 | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol I. Index. [Nov. 1849-May 1850] | PG # 13536 | + | INDEX TO THE SECOND VOLUME. MAY-DEC., 1850 | PG # 13571 | + | INDEX TO THE THIRD VOLUME. JAN.-JUNE, 1851 | PG # 26770 | + +------------------------------------------------+------------+ + + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number +111, December 13, 1851, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, DEC 13, 1851 *** + +***** This file should be named 39393-8.txt or 39393-8.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/3/9/3/9/39393/ + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This +file was produced from images generously made available +by The Internet Library of Early Journals.) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number 111, December 13, 1851 + A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, + Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc. + +Author: Various + +Editor: George Bell + +Release Date: April 6, 2012 [EBook #39393] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, DEC 13, 1851 *** + + + + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This +file was produced from images generously made available +by The Internet Library of Early Journals.) + + + + + + +</pre> + + + +<h1> +<span id="idno">Vol. IV.—No. 111.</span> + +<span>NOTES <small>AND</small> QUERIES:</span> + +<span id="id1"> A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION</span> + +<span id="id2"> FOR</span> +<span id="id3"> LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC.</span> + +</h1> + +<div class="center1"> +<p class="noindent"><b>"When found, make a note of."</b>—C<span class="smcap lowercase">APTAIN</span> C<span class="smcap lowercase">UTTLE.</span></p> +</div> + +<p class="noindent center smaller">V<span class="smcap lowercase">OL</span>. IV.—No. 111.</p> + +<p class="noindent center smaller">S<span class="smcap lowercase">ATURDAY</span>, D<span class="smcap lowercase">ECEMBER</span> 13. 1851.</p> + +<p class="noindent center smaller"> Price Threepence. Stamped Edition, 4<i>d.</i></p> + + + + + +<h2><span>CONTENTS.</span></h2> + +<p class="larger"> N<span class="smcap lowercase">OTES</span>:— </p> + +<div class="toc"> + +<p class="indh i5"> Cowley and Gray. No. III. <a title="Go to page 465" href="#Page_465">465</a></p> + +<p class="indh i5">Old Song: The Cuckold's Cap, by + J. R. Relton <a title="Go to page 468" href="#Page_468">468</a></p> + +<p class="indh i5">The Gododin, by Thomas Stephens <a title="Go to page 468" href="#Page_468">468</a></p> + +<p class="indh i5"> Folk Lore:—Lincolnshire Folk Lore <a title="Go to page 470" href="#Page_470">470</a></p> + +<p class="indh i5">Minor Notes:—Modern Greek Names of Places—"There + is no mistake"—Remarkable Prophecy—The Ball + that killed Nelson—Gypsies <a title="Go to page 470" href="#Page_470">470</a></p> + +</div> + +<p class="larger">Q<span class="smcap lowercase">UERIES</span>:—</p> + +<div class="toc"> + +<p class="indh i5">Dial Motto at Karlsbad <a title="Go to page 471" href="#Page_471">471</a></p> + +<p class="indh i5">Suppressed Epilogue by Dryden, +by Henry Campkin <a title="Go to page 472" href="#Page_472">472</a></p> + +<p class="indh i5"> Minor Queries:—Barrister—Indian Jugglers—Priory + of Hertford—Jacobus Creusius (or Crucius)—Clekit + House—Ballad on the Rising of the Vende—Stanza + on Spenser's "Shepherd's Calendar"—Prophecy respecting + 1837—Lines on the Bible—En bon et poyer—"England + expects every man," &c.—Religious + Houses in East Sussex—Parish Registers, Right of + Search, Fees claimable—Bacon a Poet—Tregonwell + Frampton—Weever and Fuller; their Autographs + wanted—Is the Badger Amphibious? <a title="Go to page 472" href="#Page_472">472</a> </p> + +<p class="indh i5">M<span class="smcap lowercase">INOR</span> Q<span class="smcap lowercase">UERIES</span> + A<span class="smcap lowercase">NSWERED</span>:—Royal Registers—Paul + Hoste—"Liber Mirabilis"—Saint Richard, King of + England—Saint Irene or St. Erini <a title="Go to page 474" href="#Page_474">474</a></p> + +</div> + + +<p class="larger"> R<span class="smcap lowercase">EPLIES</span>:—</p> + + +<div class="toc"> + +<p class="indh i5"> Cockney <a title="Go to page 475" href="#Page_475">475</a></p> + +<p class="indh i5">Replies to Minor Queries:—The Word Infortuner—Foreign + Ambassadors—Petition for the Recall from + Spain of the Duke of Wellington <a title="Go to page 476" href="#Page_476">476</a></p> + +</div> + +<p class="larger">M<span class="smcap lowercase">ISCELLANEOUS</span>:—</p> + +<div class="toc"> + +<p class="indh i5"> Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &c. <a title="Go to page 477" href="#Page_477">477</a></p> + +<p class="indh i5"> Books and Odd Volumes wanted <a title="Go to page 478" href="#Page_478">478</a></p> + +<p class="indh i5">Notices to Correspondents <a title="Go to page 478" href="#Page_478">478</a></p> + +<p class="indh i5">Advertisements <a title="Go to page 478" href="#Page_478">478</a><span class="pagenum">[465]</span><a id="Page_465"></a></p> + +<p class="indh i5"> <a id="was_added1"></a><a title="Go to list of vol. numbers and pages" href="#pageslist1" class="fnanchor">List of Notes and Queries volumes and pages</a></p> + +</div> + + + +<h2> +<span class="bla">Notes.</span> +</h2> + + +<h3> +<span>COWLEY AND GRAY, NO. III.</span> +</h3> + + +<p>Before again recurring to Gray's partiality for the poems of Cowley, I +will make a remark or two on Mr. Wakefield's edition of Gray.</p> + +<p>In his delightful "Ode to Adversity" Gray has written:</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p> "Daughter of Jove, relentless power,</p> + <p class="i3"> Thou tamer of the human breast,</p> + <p> Whose <i>iron scourge, and tort'ring hour</i>,</p> + <p class="i3"> The bad affright, afflict the best."</p> + +</div> + +<p class="noindent">Upon which Wakefield gives us this brilliant criticism:</p> + + <p class="blockquot"> "'Torturing hour.' There seems to be some little impropriety and + incongruity in this. <i>Consistency</i> of figure rather required some + <i>material</i> image, like <i>iron scourge</i> and <i>adamantine chain</i>."</p> + +<p>Afterwards he seems to speak diffidently of his own judgment, which is +rather an unusual thing in Mr. Wakefield. Well would it have been for +the reputations of Bentley, Johnson, and Wakefield, that, before +improving upon Milton and Gray and Collins, they had remembered the +words of a truly great critic, even Horace himself:</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p>"Sunt delicta tamen quibus ignovisse velimus:</p> + <p>Nam neque chorda sonum reddit quem vult manus et mens,</p> + <p>Poscentique gravem perspe remittit acutum;</p> + <p>Nec semper feriet quodcunque minabitur arcus.</p> + <p><i>Verum ubi plura nitent in carmine, non ego paucis</i></p> + <p><i>Offendar maculis, quas aut incuria fudit,</i></p> + <p><i>Aut humana parum cavit natura.</i>"</p> + + <p class="author"> <i>Epist. ad Pisones</i>, 347.</p> + +</div> + +<p class="noindent">Not by any means that I am allowing in this case the existence of a +"macula," or an "incuria" either. To D'Israeli's <i>Curiosities of +Literature</i> I think I am indebted for the remark, that Gray borrowed the +expressions from Milton:</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p class="i7">"When the <i>scourge</i></p> + <p>Inexorably, and <i>the torturing hour</i></p> + <p> Calls us to penance."</p> + + <p class="author"><i>Par. Lost</i>, lib. ii. 90.</p> + +</div> + + +<p>It is therefore with Milton, and not with Gray, that Mr. Wakefield must +settle the matter. And in proof of my earnest sympathies with him during +the very unequal contest, I will console him with "proprieties," +"congruities," "consistencies of figure," and "material images," enough.</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p>"The lifted axe, the agonizing wheel,</p> + <p> Luke's iron crown, and Damien's bed of steel."</p> + + <p class="author">Goldsmith's <i>Traveller</i>, ad finem.</p> + +</div> + +<p class="noindent">Or better for this purpose still:</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p>"Swords, daggers, bodkins, bearded arrows, spears,</p> + <p class="i1">Nails, pincers, crosses, gibbets, hurdles, ropes,</p> + <p> Tallons of griffins, paws and teeth of bears,</p> + <p class="i1">Tigre's and lyon's mouths, not iron hoops,</p> + <p>Racks, wheels, and trappados, brazen cauldrons which</p> + <p>Boiled with oil, huge tuns which flam'd with pitch."</p> + + <p class="author"> Beaumonts's <i>Psyche</i>, cant. <span class="smcap lowercase">XXII.</span> v. 69. p. 330. + Cambridge, 1702. Folio.<a id="Page_466"></a> + <span class="pagenum">[466]</span></p> + +</div> + + + +<p>"Torturing hour" is used by Campbell in his <i>Pleasures of Hope</i>, Part +I.:</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p> "The martyr smiled beneath avenging power,</p> + <p>And braved the tyrant in his <i>torturing hour.</i>"</p> + +</div> + +<p class="noindent">And, indeed, "sweetest Shakspeare, Fancy's child," had used it before +any of them:</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p> "Is there no play, to ease the anguish of a torturing hour."</p> + + <p><i>Midsummer Night's Dream</i>, Act V. Sc. 1.</p> + +</div> + +<p>Again, Gray writes in his truly sublime ode, "The Bard:"</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p> "On a rock, whose haughty brow</p> + <p class="i3">Frowns o'er old Conway's foaming flood,</p> + <p> Robed in the sable garb of woe,</p> + <p class="i3">With haggard eyes the poet <i>stood</i>,</p> + <p> (Loose his beard, and hoary hair</p> + <p>Stream'd, like a meteor, to the troubled air),</p> + <p> And with a master's hand, and prophet's fire,</p> + <p>Struck the deep sorrows of his lyre."</p> + +</div> + +<p>Ordinary readers would have innocently supposed the above "pictured" +passage beyond all praise or criticism. "At non infelix" Wakefield:</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p>"A falcon, tow'ring in her pride of place,</p> + <p>Was by a mousing owl hawk'd at and kill'd."</p> + + <p class="author"><i>Macbeth.</i></p> + +</div> + +<p>I must give his note as it stands, for I question whether the whole +range of verbal criticism could produce anything more ludicrous:</p> + + <p class="blockquot"> "I wish Mr. Gray could have introduced a more poetical + expression, than the inactive term <i>stood</i>, into this fine + passage: as Shakspeare has, for instance, in his description of + <i>Dover cliff</i>:</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p class="i7"> 'Half way down</p> + <p><i>Hangs</i> one, that gathers samphire; dreadful trade!'</p> + + <p class="author"><i>King Lear</i>, Act IV. Sc. 6.</p> + +</div> + + <p class="blockquot"> "Which is the same happy picture as that of Virgil:</p> + + +<div class="poem"> + + <p> "'Dumosa <i>pendere</i> procul de rupe videbo.'</p> + + <p class="author"><i>Ecl.</i> <span class="smcap lowercase">I.</span> 77."</p> + +</div> + + + +<p>He might, when his hand was in, have adduced other passages also from +Virgil, <i>e.g.</i>:</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p>"Imminet in rivi prstantis imaginis undam."</p> + + <p class="author"> <i>Culex</i>, 66.</p> + +</div> + +<p>However, with all due respect for Mr. Wakefield's "happy pictures," I do +not see anything left, but his eyebrows, for the luckless bard to <i>hang +by</i>! He could not have <i>hung</i> by his <i>hair</i>, which "stream'd like a +meteor to the troubled air;" nor yet by his <i>hands</i>, which "swept the +deep sorrows of his lyre." Besides, there can scarcely be more opposite +pictures than that of a man gathering samphire, or kids browsing, +amongst beetling rocks; and the commanding and awe-inspiring position in +which Gray ingeniously places his bard. The expressions chosen by +Virgil, Shakspeare, and Gray were each peculiarly suitable to the +particular objects in view. If Gray was thinking of Milton, as I +intimated in a former letter, he may have still kept him in mind:</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p>"Incens'd with indignation, Satan <i>stood</i></p> + <p> Unterrify'd, and like a comet burn'd,</p> + <p>That fires the length of Ophiuchus huge</p> + <p> In the Arctic sky, and from his horrid hair</p> + <p> Shakes pestilence and war."</p> + + <p class="author"> <i>Par. Lost</i>, lib. ii. 706.</p> + +</div> + +<p class="noindent">Or again:</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p class="i5"> "On th' other side, Satan, alarm'd,</p> + <p> <i>Collecting all his might dilated stood</i>,</p> + <p> Like Teneriff or Atlas unremov'd:</p> + <p> His stature reach'd the sky, and on his crest</p> + <p> Sat Horror plum'd; nor wanted in his grasp</p> + <p> What seem'd both spear and shield."</p> + + <p class="author"> <i>Par. Lost</i>, lib. iv. 985.</p> + +</div> + +<p>It would be easy to adduce similar instances from the ancient sources, +but I will only mention From Milton an illustration of the +<span title="[Greek: systrepsas]">συστρεψας</span> of Demosthenes, and of the passionate abruptness with which +Gray commences "The Bard:"</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p>"As when of old some orator renown'd</p> + <p>In Athens or free Rome, where eloquence</p> + <p> Flourish'd, since mute, to some great cause addressed</p> + <p> <i>Stood in himself collected</i>, while each part,</p> + <p>Motion, each act won audience ere the tongue,</p> + <p><i>Sometimes in height began, as no delay</i></p> + <p><i> Of preface brooking through his zeal of right</i>."</p> + + <p class="author"> <i>Par. Lost</i>, lib. ix. 670.</p> + +</div> + +<p>Wakefield's hypercritical fastidiousness would have completely defeated +the intentions of Gray. His "Bard" had a mission to fulfil which could +not have been fulfilled by one suspended like king Solomon, in the +ancient Jewish traditions, or like Mahomet's coffin, mid-way between +heaven and earth. His cry was <span title="[Greek: dos pou st]">δος που στω</span>, and the poet heard +him. And thus, from his majestic position, was not—</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p> "Every burning word he spoke</p> + <p> Full of rage and full of grief?"</p> + +</div> + +<p>In the full blaze of poetic phrensy, he flashes out at once with the +awfully grand and terrible exordium:</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p> "Ruin seize thee, ruthless king!</p> + <p class="i3"> Confusion on thy banners wait!</p> + <p> Tho' fann'd by conquest's crimson wing,</p> + <p class="i3"> They mock the air with idle state.</p> + <p> Helm, nor hauberk's twisted mail,</p> + <p class="i3"> Nor e'en thy virtues, Tyrant, shall avail</p> + <p>To save thy secret soul from nightly fears,</p> + <p>From Cambria's curse, from Cambria's tears."</p> + +</div> + +<p>Collins thus describes the passion of <i>anger</i>:</p> + +<div class="poem"> + +<p>"Next Anger rush'd;—his eyes on fire,</p> + <p class="i3">In lightnings own'd his secret stings:</p> + <p>In one rude clash he struck the lyre,</p> + <p class="i3"> And swept with flurried hand the strings."</p> + +</div> + +<p>Word-painting can go no farther. When, however, he comes to +<i>melancholy</i>, in lines which contain more suggestive beauty, as well as +more poetic <i>inspiration</i>, than perhaps any others of the +<a id="Page_467"></a> + <span class="pagenum">[467]</span> same +length in the English language, how does he sing?</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p class="i3">"With eyes upraised, as one inspired,</p> + <p class="i3">Pale Melancholy <i>sate</i> retired;</p> + <p class="i3"> And, from her wild sequester'd seat,</p> + <p class="i3"> In notes, by distance made more sweet,</p> + <p>Pour'd thro' the mellow horn her pensive soul:</p> + <p class="i3"> And, dashing soft from rocks around,</p> + <p class="i3">Bubbling runnels join'd the sound;</p> + <p>Through glades and glooms the mingled measure stole,</p> + <p>Or o'er some haunted stream with fond delay,</p> + <p class="i3">Round a holy calm diffusing,</p> + <p class="i3">Love of peace, and lonely musing,</p> + <p>In hollow murmurs died away."</p> + + <p class="author"><i>Ode on the Passions.</i></p> + +</div> + +<p>This is the concentrated essence of poetry. Surely Gray had <i>forgotten</i> +Collins when he penned the beautiful lines:</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p>"But not to one in this benighted age,</p> + <p class="i3">Is that diviner inspiration given,</p> + <p> That burns in Shakspeare's or in Milton's page,</p> + <p class="i3">The pomp and prodigality of heaven,</p> + <p>As when conspiring in the diamond's blaze,</p> + <p class="i3">The meaner gems, that singly charm the sight,</p> + <p> Together dart their intermingled rays,</p> + <p class="i3">And dazzle with a luxury of light."</p> + + <p class="author"><i>Stanzas to Mr. Bentley.</i></p> +</div> + +<p>From a memorandum made by Gray himself, it is evident that he once had +contemplated placing his "Bard" in a <i>sitting</i> posture; but I cannot but +rejoice that he altered his mind, for such breath-taking words could +never have been uttered in so composed and contented a posture. I give +part of it from Mr. Mason's edition:</p> + + <p class="blockquot"> "The army of Edward I., as they marched through a deep valley, + are suddenly stopped by the appearance of a venerable figure, + <i>seated</i> on the summit of an inaccessible rock; who, with a voice + more than human, reproaches the king with all the misery and + desolation he had brought on his country, &c., &c. His song + ended, he precipitates himself from the mountain, and is + swallowed up by the river that rolls at its foot."—Vol. i. p. + 73. Lond. 1807.</p> + +<p>The last two lines of the passage before us—</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p> "And with a master's hand, and prophet's fire,</p> + <p> <i>Struck the deep sorrows of his lyre</i>"—</p> + +</div> + +<p class="noindent">remind us in some degree of Cowley:</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p> "Sic cecinit sanctus <i>vates</i>, digitosque volantes</p> + <p>Innumeris per fila modis trepidantia movit,</p> + <p> <i>Intimaque elicuit Medici miracula plectri</i>."</p> + + <p class="author"> <i>Davideidos</i>, lib. i. p. 13.</p> + +</div> + +<p>Again:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + +<p> "Dear as the <i>light that visits these sad eyes</i>."</p> + + <p class="author"> Gray, <i>The Bard</i>.</p> + +</div> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p>"Namque <i>oculis plus illa suis, plus lumine cœli</i></p> + <p><i> Dilexit</i>."</p> + + <p class="author"> <i>Davideidos</i>, lib. i. p. 14.</p> + +</div> + +<p class="noindent">And—</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p>"The Attick warbler pours her <i>throat</i>."</p> + + <p class="author"> <i>Ode to Spring.</i></p> + +</div> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p> "Tum magnum tenui cecinerunt <i>gutture</i> Numen."</p> + + <p class="author"> <i>Davideidos</i>, lib. i. p. 20.</p> + +</div> + +<p class="noindent">Also—</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p> "The hues of bliss more brightly glow,</p> + <p> <i>Chastis'd</i> by sabler tints of woe;</p> + <p>And blended form with artful strife,</p> + <p>The strength and harmony of life."</p> + + <p class="author"> Gray, <i>On the Pleasure arising from Vicissitude</i>.</p> + +</div> + +<p>The word <i>chastised</i> is similarly used by Cowley:</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p> "From Saul his growth, and manly strength he took,</p> + <p><i>Chastised</i> by bright Ahinoam's gentler look."</p> + + <p class="author"> <i>Davideidos</i>, lib. iv. p. 133.</p> + +</div> + +<p>The <i>idea</i> of the whole passage may be found in Pope:</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p>"Love, Hope, and Joy, fair Pleasure's smiling train;</p> + <p> Hate, Fear, and Grief, the family of Pain;</p> + <p>These mix'd with art, and to due bounds confin'd,</p> + <p> Make and maintain the balance of the mind;</p> + <p> <i>The lights and shades, whose well accorded strife,</i></p> + <p><i>Gives all the strength and colour of our life</i>."</p> + + <p class="author"><i>Essay on Man</i>, Epist. II.</p> + +</div> + +<p>Again:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + +<p> "Amazement in his van with Flight combin'd,</p> + <p>And Sorrow's faded form, and Solitude behind."</p> + + <p class="author">Gray, <i>The Bard</i>.</p> + +</div> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p> "Victorious arms thro' Ammon's land it bore,</p> + <p> Ruin behind, and terror march'd before."</p> + + <p class="author"> <i>Davideidos</i>, lib. iv. p. 135.</p> + +</div> + +<p>Wakefield mentions some parallel passages, but omits the best of all:</p> + + <p class="blockquot"> "A fire devoureth before them; and behind them a flame burneth: + the land is as the garden of Eden before them, and behind them a + desolate wilderness; Yea, and nothing shall escape them."—Joel, + ii. 3.</p> + +<p>In the "Ode on the Installation" Gray says:</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p> "Their tears, their little triumphs o'er</p> + <p> Their <i>human passions</i> now no more."</p> + +</div> + +<p>Wakefield dwells enraptured on the expression <i>human passions</i>. Cowley +speaks of "<i>humana quies</i>" (<i>Davideidos</i>, lib. i. p. 3.). Horace says:</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p>"—— Carminibus qu versant atque venenis</p> + <p> <i>Humanos animos</i>."</p> + +<p class="author"><i>Sat.</i> viii. 19. lib. i.</p> + +</div> + +<p><i>Human passions</i> is not, however, a <i>creation</i> of Gray's; for, if not +anywhere else, he might have found the words very often in the writings +of William Law, as vigorous a prose writer as England can boast of since +the days of Dr. South. See his <i>answer</i> to Dr. Trapp's <i>Not Righteous +overmuch</i>, p. 62., Lond. 1741; and his <i>Serious Call</i>, cap. xii. p. +137., and cap. xxi. p. 293., Lond. 1816.</p> + +<p>To mention its use by modern writers would be endless. I selected these +few passages on<a id="Page_468"></a> + <span class="pagenum">[468]</span> reading Mr. Wakefield's laudations, for otherwise +I should not perhaps have remarked the words as unusual. Wakefield +adduces from Pope's <i>Eloisa to Abelard</i>:</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p> "One <i>human tear</i> shall drop, and be forgiven."</p> + +</div> + +<p>"Noble rage," Gray's <i>Elegy</i>. "Noble rage," Cowley's <i>Davideidos</i>, lib. +iv. p. 137. Again, in the <i>Elegy</i>:</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p> "Save that from yonder ivy-mantled tower</p> + <p class="i3">The mopeing owl does to the moon complain</p> + <p> Of such as, wand'ring near her secret bower,</p> + <p class="i3"><i>Molest her ancient solitary reign</i>."</p> +</div> + + +<p>Cowley, in describing the palace of Lucifer, has some fine sentences; +and amongst them:</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p> "Non hic gemmatis stillantia sidera guttis</p> + <p><i>Impugnant sv jus inviolabile noctis</i>."</p> + + <p class="author"> <i>Davideidos</i>, lib. i. p. 3.</p> + +</div> + +<p class="noindent">And in English:</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p>"No gentle stars with their fair gems of light,</p> + <p> <i>Offend the tyrannous and unquestion'd night</i>."</p> + + <p class="author"><i>Davideidos</i>, lib. i. p. 6.</p> + +</div> + +<p>Akenside constantly used the adjective <i>human</i> in different +conjunctions.</p> + + <p class="right"> R<span class="smcap lowercase">T</span>.</p> + +<p class="left">Warmington.</p> + + + + + +<h3> +<span>OLD SONG: THE CUCKOLD'S CAP.</span> +</h3> + + +<p>The following song I never saw in print. I knew an old lady, who fifty +years ago used to sing it. Is it known?</p> + +<div class="poem"> + +<div class="stanza"> + + <p>Near Reading there lived a buxom young dame,</p> + <p>The wife of a miller, and Joan was her name;</p> + <p>And she had a hen of a wondrous size,</p> + <p>The like you never beheld with your eyes:</p> + <p>It had a red head, gay wings, yellow legs,</p> + <p>And every year laid her a bushel of eggs,</p> + <p>Which made her resolve for to set it with speed,</p> + <p> Because she'd a mind to have more of the breed.</p> + +</div> + +<div class="stanza"> + + <p>Now as she was setting her hen on a day,</p> + <p>A shepherd came by, and thus he did say:</p> + <p>"Oh, what are you doing?" She answered him then,</p> + <p>"I'm going to set my miraculous hen."</p> + <p> "O, Joan," said the shepherd, "to keep your eggs warm,</p> + <p> And that they may prosper and come to no harm,</p> + <p> You must set them all in a large cuckold's cap,</p> + <p> And then all your chickens will come to good hap."</p> + +</div> + +<div class="stanza"> + + <p> "O, I have no cuckold's cap, shepherd," said she,</p> + <p> "But nevertheless I'll be ruled by thee;</p> + <p> For this very moment I'll trudge up and down,</p> + <p> And borrow one, if there be one in the town."</p> + <p>So she went to the baker's, and thus she did say:</p> + <p>"O, lend me a cuckold's cap, neighbour, I pray,</p> + <p> For I'm going to set my miraculous hen,</p> + <p>And when that I've done with't, I'll bring it again."</p> + +</div> + +<div class="stanza"> + + <p> The baker's wife answered, and thus she replied:</p> + <p> "Had I got such a thing, you should not be denied;</p> + <p> But these nineteen or twenty years I have been wed,</p> + <p> And my husband ne'er had such a cap to his head.</p> + <p>But go to my cousin, who lives at the mill,</p> + <p> I know she had one, and she may have it still;</p> + <p> Tell her I sent you, she'll lend it, I know."</p> + <p> "Thank ye," says Joan, and away she did go.</p> + +</div> + +<div class="stanza"> + + <p> So, straight to the house of the miller she went,</p> + <p> And told her that she by her cousin was sent,</p> + <p> To borrow a thing which was wondrous rare,</p> + <p> 'Twas a large cuckold's cap, which her husband did wear.</p> + <p> "I do not dispute but such things there may be;</p> + <p>But why should my cousin, pray, send you to me?</p> + <p> For these nineteen or twenty years I've been a wife,</p> + <p>And my husband ne'er had such a cap in his life.</p> + +</div> + +<div class="stanza"> + + <p> "But go to the quaker who lives at the Swan,</p> + <p> I know she had one, and if 'tisn't gone,</p> + <p>Tell her to lend it to you for my sake,</p> + <p> Which I the same for a great favour shall take."</p> + <p> So she went to the house of old Yea and Nay,</p> + <p>And said to his wife, who was buxom and gay,</p> + <p>"I'm come for to borrow, if that you will lend,</p> + <p> A large cuckold's cap: I was sent by a friend."</p> + +</div> + +<div class="stanza"> + + <p> The quaker's wife answered and said, with a frown,</p> + <p> "Why, I've no such thing, if thou'dst give me a crown;</p> + <p> Besides, I'd not lend it, friend Joan, if I had,</p> + <p> For fear it should make my old husband run mad.</p> + <p>In town there are many young damsels, perhaps,</p> + <p> Who may be ingenious in making these caps,</p> + <p> But as for their names, I really can't say,</p> + <p>So, therefore, friend Joan, excuse me, I pray."</p> + +</div> + +<div class="stanza"> + + <p> Now Joan being tired and weary withal,</p> + <p>She said, "I've had no good fortune at all.</p> + <p> I find that it is the beginning of sorrow,</p> + <p>To trudge up and down among neighbours to borrow.</p> + <p>A large cuckold's cap I wanted indeed,</p> + <p>A thing of small value, and yet couldn't speed:</p> + <p> But, as I'm a woman, believe me," says Joan,</p> + <p>"Before it be long, I'll have one of my own."</p> + +</div> + +</div> + +<p class="right"> J. R. R<span class="smcap lowercase">ELTON</span>.</p> + + + +<h3> +<span>THE GODODIN.</span> +</h3> + +<p>This poem, though not absolutely the earliest in point of date, is the +longest of the numerous poems produced among the Kymry of the north of +England during the sixth and seventh centuries. Two translations have +already appeared in English; one by the Rev. Edward Davies, the author +of <i>Celtic Researches</i>, and the other by a gentleman named Probert. Of +these the latter, though very imperfect and extremely defective, is the +only one which an English reader should consult; the version given by +Davies is only a very ingenious misrepresentation. The poem has no more +reference<a id="Page_469"></a> + <span class="pagenum">[469]</span> to Hengist than it has to the man-in-the-moon; and +G<span class="smcap lowercase">OMER</span> might have suspected that a version which, without rule or reason, +deprived historic personages of their reality, could not have been +correct. <i>Every proper name mentioned in the Gododin may be shown +without any alteration to be those of persons living between 577 and +642.</i> The proof of this assertion, when carefully examined, is all but +overwhelming; but here I can only cite a few of the most tangible facts. +The design of the poem is thus described by the bard himself:—</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p class="i3">"O ved O vuelin,</p> + <p class="i3"> O Gattraeth werin,</p> + <p class="i3"> Mi a na vi Aneurin</p> + <p class="i3"> Ys gwyr Taliesin,</p> + <p class="i3"> Oveg cyvrenhin</p> + <p class="i3"> Neu cheing Ododin</p> + <p class="i3">Cyn gwawr dydd dilin."</p> + +</div> + +<p>These lines may be thus translated:—</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p> "Of mead from the mead horn,</p> + <p> Of the host of Cattraeth,</p> + <p> I, Aneurin, will do</p> + <p> What is known to Taliesin,</p> + <p> A man of kindred disposition.</p> + <p>Will I not sing of what befell</p> + <p>Gododin, before the break of day?"</p> + +</div> + + +<p>From frequent notices in other parts of the poem, we find that the +subject is the defeat of (the Ottadini) the men of Gododin, in a battle +which took place in the year 603, near Cattraeth, which may be +identified with the Cataracton of Ptolemy, the Cataract of Bede, and the +present Catterick in Yorkshire. The men of Gododin in this campaign were +in league with the Novant of Wigtonshire, the Britons of Strathclyde, +the Scots of Argyle, and the Picts of Fife and Perth. Of this army the +chiefs alone amounted to three hundred and sixty; but, to use the words +of the bard, "Mead brought shame on the best of armies;" and the chiefs, +on account of temporary success over a part of Ethelfrith's Northumbrian +army, spent the night in wild carousal. Overtures of peace were made to +them by Ethelfrith, and contemptuously rejected; they rushed pell-mell +to battle <i>before the break of day</i>; and the bard, seeing them falling +helplessly drunk from their horses, "drew a veil over his face and fled, +weeping on his way." I here assume that Cattraeth and Cataract are the +same place; and to cite only one of many evidences, the position of the +Ottadini in the immediate neighbourhood of Catterick, lends this view +strong confirmation. But there is here another assumption, to which I +invite the attention of English antiquaries. The <i>Anglo-Saxon Chronicle</i> +relates the occurrence of a great battle between Ethelfrith of +Northumbria and the northern Britons in the year 603: of that battle the +site is variously named Degstan, Dgsanstane, and Egesanstane; but +antiquarian researches have not determined where Egesanstane was. Some +place it at Dawston, near Jedburg, in Scotland, and others at Dalston in +Cumberland; but all confess uncertainty. Now I assume that the place +called Egesanstane is more likely to be Siggeston, in the North Riding +of Yorkshire, which is about five or six miles east of Catterick; and +this conjecture is strongly supported by the fact that Ethelfrith in +this case was not the invader but the invaded, as it is said, "Hering, +the son of Hussa, led the enemy thither," to the dominions of +Ethelfrith, which were then but little else than the eastern coast of +Northumberland and Yorkshire. If this view be correct, our antiquaries +have hitherto been in error on this point; the site of the great battle +of 603 is no longer unknown; and Egesanstane and Cattraeth are only two +names for the same battle, just as another battle-field is variously +named the battle of Waterloo by us, and that of Mont St. Jean by the +French.</p> + +<p>Probert places the death of Aneurin in 570: the Gododin shows him to +have been an eyewitness of an event which took place in 642. Davies, +whose works are striking evidences of a powerful intellect completely +led astray, makes the subject to have been the reported massacre at +Stonehenge, which possibly never took place, but which he fixes in 472. +Now I have cited a passage which, referring to Taliesin as an authority, +implies that Aneurin was his junior; and Taliesin was living in 610. +Again, Davies makes an abortive attempt to get rid of the last poem of +Llywarch Hen, which shows him to have been living as late as the year +640, when most of his sons had fallen in battle. Llywarch himself was +either at the battle of Cattraeth, or assisted in organising the +campaign; for though not mentioned by Aneurin, he himself alludes to the +time "when we attacked the great-smoker-of-towns (Ethelfrith)."</p> + +<p>At this battle Aneurin was taken prisoner, and confined in "an earthen +house," from which he was released "by the bright sword of Cenau, the +son of Llywarch." The son of Llywarch could scarcely have been living in +472; and Davies in vain essays to get rid of this obdurate fact. This +passage in Aneurin—</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p> "Under foot was gravel,</p> + <p> Stretched out was my leg</p> + <p> <i>In the subterranean house</i>,</p> + <p>And an iron chain</p> + <p> Was bound about my knees,"</p> + +</div> + +<p class="noindent">shows the use of under-ground hovels to have extended far into the +historic period.</p> + +<p>One fact more, and this demonstration that Aneurin has been ante-dated +will be complete. The bard in three several places mentions a battle of +Mannan, in much the same way as we at this day speak of Waterloo; and it +is evident that, in the estimation of the bard and his countrymen, the +battle of Mannan was the last great event<a id="Page_470"></a> + <span class="pagenum">[470]</span> before the battle of +Cattraeth. The first of these passages is—</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p class="i3"> "Caeawe Cymnyviat cyvlat Erwyt</p> + <p class="i3"> . . . . .</p> + <p class="i3"> Rae ergit <i>Cadfannan</i> catwyt."</p> + +</div> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p>"<i>Caeog</i> was a conflictor with destructive pikes.</p> + <p> . . . . . </p> + <p> He was preserved from the blows of Mannan-fight."</p> + +</div> + +<p><i>Cog</i>, whom Davies converts into the adjective "adorned," was the +brother of Cynddylan, Prince of Powys (<i>Elegies of Llywarch Hen</i>, p. +70.). On the death of his brother in 577, he went to North Briton; he +escaped from the blows of Mannan, and <i>afterwards</i> fell at Cattraeth. +Again, of a chief named Twrch it is said:—</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p> "He loved the battling of spears,</p> + <p> At Mannan, and before Aldud the renowned."</p> + +</div> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p class="i3"> "Emyt af crennyt y gat waewawr</p> + <p class="i3"> Catvannan yr Aelut clodvawr."</p> + +</div> + + +<p class="noindent">Again he says of another chief:—</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p class="i3"> "Yn dieding . . . . .</p> + <p class="i3"> Ac Adan Cadvannan cochre,</p> + <p class="i3"> Veirch marchawg goddrud y more."</p> + +</div> + + + <div class="poem"> + + <p>"Resistless</p> + <p>As Aeddan of the blood-stained steeds of Mannan-fight,</p> + <p>He was an impetuous rider that morning."</p> + +</div> + +<p class="noindent">Here we have three separate proofs of the fact, that Cadvannan was +anterior to the battle of Cattraeth: now when and where did that take +place? In the year 582, and probably at Clackmannan, on the Firth of +Forth in Scotland. Here is my authority (<i>Annals of Ulster</i>):</p> + + <p class="blockquot">"DLXXXII. Bellum Manan, in quo victor erat Aodhan Mar Gawran."</p> + +<p>The battle of Cattraeth must be that of 603, at which Aeddan was also +present.</p> + +<p>These few annotations from a new translation of <i>The Gododin</i> now in +MS., will, it is hoped, satisfy your correspondent G<span class="smcap lowercase">OMER</span> that I am +justified in repeating the views of Davies. Should he wish to get a +correct text, and a judicious version of <i>The Gododin</i>, he had better +subscribe to a translation by the Rev. J. Williams (author of the +<i>Ecclesiastical Antiquities of the Cymry</i>), now about to issue from the +Llandovery press, at a very moderate price. Probert's translation is +very scarce.</p> + +<p>Is there no tradition of this battle at Sigston?</p> + + <p class="right"> T<span class="smcap lowercase">HOS</span>. S<span class="smcap lowercase">TEPHENS</span>.</p> + + + + + +<h3> +<span>FOLK LORE.</span> +</h3> + + + +<p><i>Lincolnshire Folk Lore.</i>—The following, illustrating as it does a +superstition still very prevalent in Lincolnshire, may interest some of +your readers. I transcribed it a few days ago in the British Museum from +Holly's <i>Lincolnshire Notes</i>, vol. iii. fol. 358.:—</p> + + + <p class="blockquot"> "The other I receaued from Mr. Thomas Codd, minister of Laceby in + Linc, wĉh he gave under his owne hand; he himself being a + native of ye place where this same happened, and it was thus:</p> + + <p class="blockquot"> "At Axholme, alias Haxey, in ye Isle, one Mr. Edward Vicars + (curate to Mr. Wm. Dalby, vicar), together with one Robert + Hallywell a taylor, intending on St. Marke's even at night to + watch in ye church porch to see who shoud die in ye yeare + following (to this purpose using divers ceremonies), they + addressing themselues to the busines, Vicars (being then in his + chamber) wished Hallywell to be going before and he would + pŝently follow him. Vicars fell asleep, and Hallywell + (attending his coming in ye church porch) forthwith sees certaine + shapes pŝnting themselves to his view, resemblances (as he + thought) of diuers of his neighbours, who he did nominate; and + all of them dyed the yeare following; and Vicars himselfe (being + asleep) his phantome was seen of him also, and dyed with ye rest. + This sight made Hallywell so agast that he looks like a Ghoast + ever since. The lord Sheffield (hearing this relation) sent for + Hallywell to receiue account of it. The fellow fearing my Lord + would cause him to watch the church porch againe he hid himselfe + in the Carrs till he was almost starued. The number of those that + died (whose phantasmes Hallywell saw) was as I take it about + fower score.</p> + + <p class="i3">"Tho. Cod, Rector Ecclie de Laceby."</p> + + <p class="right"> E<span class="smcap lowercase">DWARD</span> P<span class="smcap lowercase">EACOCK</span>.</p> + + <p class="left">Bottesford Moors, Messingham, Kirton in Lindsey.</p> + + + + +<h3> +<span class="bla">Minor Notes.</span> +</h3> + +<h4> +<span><i>Modern Greek Names of Places.</i></span> +</h4> + +<p>—It is commonly stated in books of +geography that the modern name of Athens is <i>Statines</i>. In Hennin's +<i>Manuel de Numismatique Ancienne</i> it is stated to be <i>Satines</i> or +<i>Atini</i>; and Mr. Akerman, in his most excellent <i>Numismatic Manual</i>, +makes the same statement. We find it stated also universally that the +modern name of Cos is <i>Stanco</i>; and this has been repeated in all maps +and charts until the recently published Admiralty Chart, No. VI. of the +Archipelago series, where it is called <i>Cos</i>.</p> + +<p>The origin of this and other similar blunders is curious. Athens retains +its plural termination, and is always used with the article, +<span title="[Greek: hai Athnai]">αι Αθηναι</span>. If you ask a peasant walking from the Pirus whither he is +going, he will answer you, +<span title="[Greek: Eis tas Athnas]">Εις τας Αθηνας</span>, but will rapidly +enunciate it as follows, +<span title="[Greek: 's't'sAthnas]">'σ'τ'σΑθηνας</span>, whence <i>Statines</i>, +lately reduced to <i>Satines</i>.</p> + +<p>I am surprised that Cos was not set down as <i>Stinco</i> rather than +<i>Stanco</i>, for if you hail a Coan vessel, and ask whither it is bound, +the +<span title="[Greek: karaboukyri]">καραβουκυρι</span>, or skiff-master, would certainly reply +<span title="[Greek: stn K]">στην Κῳ</span>, if Cos were his destination.</p> + +<p>I find that both M. Hennin and Mr. Akerman assert that Thebes is now +called <i>Stives</i>. I conversed with a noble-looking youth on the ruins of +Eleusis, and asking him from what part of the country he came, I shall +not easily forget the<a id="Page_471"></a> + <span class="pagenum">[471]</span> stately dignity with which he tossed his +capote over his shoulder, and answered +<span title="[Greek: eimi Thbaios]">ειμι Θηβαίος</span>—I am a +Theban. The bold Bœotian would have stared in amazement had I spoken +to him of <i>Stives</i>, although, if homeward-bound, he would have said he +was going +<span title="[Greek: 's tas Thbas]">'σ τας Θηβας</span>.</p> + +<p>The Turks have made Istambol or Stamboul out of +<span title="[Greek: stn polin]">στην πολιν</span>; and +we may, perhaps, hear from our friends, the Nepaulese ambassadors, that +the capital of England is called <i>Tolondon</i>, and that of France <i>Apari</i>.</p> + + <p class="right"> L. H. J. T.</p> + + + +<h4> +<span>"<i>There is no mistake.</i>"</span> +</h4> + +<p>—The Duke of Wellington's reply to Mr. +Huskisson, "There is no mistake," has become familiar in the mouths of +both those who remember the political circumstances that gave rise to +it, and those who have received it traditionally, without inquiring into +the origin of it. You may perhaps think it worthy of a "Note" that this +was not the first occasion on which the Duke used those celebrated +words. The Duke (then Earl of Wellington) in a private letter to Lord +Bathurst, dated Flores de Avila, 24th July, 1812, writes in the +following easy style:</p> + +<p> "I hope that you will be pleased with <i>our</i> battle, of which the + dispatch contains as accurate an account as I can give you. + <i>There was no mistake</i>, everything went on as it ought; and there + never was an army so beaten in so short a time."</p> + +<p>The whole letter is well deserving of insertion; but my object is simply +to draw attention to the occasion on which the Duke first used the +sentence now so well known.</p> + + <p class="right"> F. W. J.</p> + + + +<h4> +<span><i>Remarkable Prophecy.</i></span> +</h4> + +<p>—The following prediction of St. Csario, Bishop +of Arles, in the year 542, may not be considered void of interest at the +present moment. It is taken from a book, entitled <i>Liber Mirabilis</i>, +printed in Gothic characters, and deposited in the Royal Library, +Paris:—</p> + +<p> "The administration of the kingdom, France, will be so blended, + that they shall leave it without defenders. The hand of God shall + extend itself over them, and over all rich; all the nobles shall + be deprived of their estates and dignity; a division shall spring + up in the church of God, and there shall be two husbands, the one + true, and the other adulterous. The legitimate husband shall be + put to flight; there shall be great carnage, and as great a + profusion of blood as in the day of the Gentiles. The universal + church and the whole world shall deplore the ruin and destruction + of a most celebrated city, the capital and mistress of France. + The altars of the temple shall be destroyed, the holy virgins + outraged shall fly from their seats, and the whole church shall + be stripped of her temporal gods; but at length the black eagle + and the lion shall appear hovering from far countries. Misery to + thee, O city of philosophy! thou shalt be subjected! A captive + humbled even to confusion, shall at last receive his crown, and + destroy the children of Brutus."</p> + + <p class="right"> A<span class="smcap lowercase">LPHA.</span></p> + + + +<h4> +<span><i>The Ball that killed Nelson</i> </span> +<span>(Vol. iv., p. 174.).—</span> +</h4> + + <p class="blockquot">"The musket-ball that killed Nelson is now in the possession of + the Rev. F. W. Baker, of Bathwick, near Bath. A considerable + portion of the gold lace, pad, and silk cord of the epaulette, + with a piece of coat, were found attached to it. The gold lace + was as firmly fixed as if it had been inserted into the metal + while in a state of fusion. The ball, together with the lace, + &c., was mounted in crystal and silver, and presented by Captain + Hardy to the late Sir William Beattie, the surgeon of the + Victory."</p> + + +<p>I have extracted this from the <i>Illustrated London News</i>, First Number. +If this relic be now in the possession of Prince Albert, I presume it +became his by purchase or presentation from the above-named gentleman.</p> + + <p class="right"> B<span class="smcap lowercase">LOWEN</span>.</p> + + + +<h4> +<span><i>Gypsies.</i></span> +</h4> + +<p>—The Indian origin of the numerals of this people is evident +from the following comparison:</p> + + + + +<table summary="Sanscrit-Gypsy-Gitno"> + +<tr><td></td><td class="tdhang"> Sanscrit.</td><td class="tdhang">Hungarian <br /> Gypsy. </td><td class="tdhang">Spanish<br /> Gitno.</td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td class="tdhang">1. eka</td><td class="tdhang">jek</td><td class="tdhang">yeque</td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td class="tdhang">2. dwaou</td><td class="tdhang">dui</td><td class="tdhang">dui</td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td class="tdhang">3. traya</td><td class="tdhang">trin</td><td class="tdhang">trin</td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td class="tdhang">4. tchatouara</td><td class="tdhang">schtar</td><td class="tdhang">estar</td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td class="tdhang">5. panyntcha</td><td class="tdhang">pansch</td><td class="tdhang">pansche</td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td class="tdhang">6. chach</td><td class="tdhang">tschov</td><td class="tdhang">job</td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td class="tdhang">7. sapta</td><td class="tdhang">efta</td><td class="tdhang">hefta</td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td class="tdhang">8. achtaou</td><td class="tdhang">ochto</td><td class="tdhang">otor</td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td class="tdhang">9. nava</td><td class="tdhang">enija</td><td class="tdhang">esnia</td></tr> +<tr><td></td><td class="tdhang">10. dasa</td><td class="tdhang">dsch</td><td class="tdhang">deque</td></tr> + +</table> + + +<p>The Sanscrit must be read with a French pronunciation, being from +Balbi's <i>Atlas Ethnographique</i>; the Hungarian Gypsy as German, and the +last as Spanish; the two latter are from Borrow's <i>Zuicali</i>, vol. ii. p. +118.</p> + + <p class="right"> T. J. B<span class="smcap lowercase">UCKTON</span>.</p> + + <p class="left"> Lichfield.</p> + + + + +<h2> +<span class="bla">Queries.</span> +</h2> + + +<h3> +<span>DIAL MOTTO AT KARLSBAD.</span> +</h3> + + +<p>The inclosed inscription was brought over for me from Karlsbad by the +late Lord Chief Justice Tindal. Can any one throw light upon the capital +letters? I give it copied exactly from Sir Nicholas Tindal's writing, +with his observation beneath, and may safely venture to warrant <i>his</i> +accuracy. It might be supposed to be a chronogram, but for the +introduction of the letter "E."</p> + +<p class="blockquot"> "<i>Motto from a Dial formed on the two Sides of the Angle of a + House at Karlsbad.</i></p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p> "'Hora HorIs CEdIt, pereVnt sIC TeMpora nobIs,</p> + <p> Vt tIbI fInalIs sIt bona, VIVe ben.'</p> + +</div> + + <p class="blockquot"> "The letters which are written in capitals were so in the + original inscription, and were coloured red: probably the anagram + of some one's name is concealed under them."</p> + +<p>Having been a collector of existing dial mottoes for many years, I shall +feel greatly obliged to any<a id="Page_472"></a> + <span class="pagenum">[472]</span> of your correspondents who will +inform me of remarkable ones in their own neighborhood.</p> + +<p>There are four—one in English, one in Latin, one in Greek, and one in +Hebrew—on the keep of Carlisle Castle; but though I possess the three +former, I have not the last, and should be very glad to obtain it, if +possible.</p> + +<p>There is a motto at Bonneville in Switzerland, as I have been told:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + +<p> "Soli Soli Soli."</p> + +</div> + +<p class="noindent">What can be the interpretation thereof?</p> + +<p>Of course I am acquainted with Leadbetter's <i>Art of Dialling</i>, and the +curious list of mottoes he gives, together with the still more curious +translations of the same; as <i>e.g.</i></p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p> "Aut Csar, aut nullus."</p> + <p> (I shine, or shroud!)</p> + +</div> + +<p class="noindent">Or—</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p> "Sic transit gloria mundi:"</p> + <p>(So marches the god of day!!)</p> + +</div> + +<p class="noindent">But what I want is, mottoes from dials actually in existence.</p> + + <p class="right"> H<span class="smcap lowercase">ERMES</span>.</p> + + + + +<h3> +<span>SUPPRESSED EPILOGUE BY DRYDEN.</span> +</h3> + +<p>Mr. Payne Collier communicates to the <i>Athenum</i> of the 22nd November, +1851, an interesting letter relative to an unspoken epilogue to Dryden, +and Nat Lee's famous tragedy of <i>The Duke of Guise</i>. This rare +composition, entitled "Another Epilogue intended to have been spoken to +the Play before it was forbidden last Summer, written by Mr. Dryden," +occurs in conjunction with the Prologue and Epilogue which were actually +spoken, upon a separate sheet of foolscap; in which shape, as Mr. +Collier informs us, they were often printed for sale at the playhouse +doors. Mr. Collier's acceptable communication suggests a Query or two. +At the end of my copy of this play, the 4to. edit. of 1687, is the +following</p> + + + <p class="blockquot"> "A<span class="smcap lowercase">DVERTISEMENT</span>.</p> + + <p class="blockquot"> "There was a Preface intended to this play, in vindication of it, + against two scurrilous libels lately printed. But it was judged, + that a defence of this nature would require more room than a + preface would reasonably allow. For this cause, and for the + importunity of the stationers, who hastened their impression, + 'tis deferred for some little time, and will be printed by + itself. Most men are already of opinion that neither of the + pamphlets deserve an answer, because they are stuffed with open + falsities, and sometimes contradict each other; but, for once, + they shall have a day or two thrown away upon them, tho' I break + an old custom for their sakes, which was to scorn them."</p> + +<p>Was this threatened preface ever issued? Are the "two scurrilous libels" +here spoken of so scornfully, known to be in existence?</p> + +<p>The new-found Epilogue belongs as much to the political as to the +dramatic history of those troublous times; and let us hope, <i>maugre</i> the +unfortunate coarseness of the school to which it belongs, that Mr. +Collier will some day present us with a reprint of it <i>in toto</i>, +accompanied by the above noted preface, if it exist. There is ample +matter, as the pages of "N<span class="smcap lowercase">OTES AND</span> Q<span class="smcap lowercase">UERIES</span>" have lately shown, for a new +volume of Dryden Miscellanies.</p> + + <p class="right"> H<span class="smcap lowercase">ENRY</span> C<span class="smcap lowercase">AMPKIN</span>.</p> + + + + +<h3> +<span>Minor Queries.</span> +</h3> + +<h4> +<span>332. <i>Barrister.</i></span> +</h4> + +<p>—Can any of your correspondents refer me to the etymon +of this name, given to a vocation attached to our English courts of law? +I can find none even in the comprehensive <i>Etymological Dictionary</i> of +Nat. Bailey, unless, indeed, by dividing the word into two portions, +viz. "bar" and "rister," and then, with a little of the critic's +license, assuming that the latter half might originally have been +written "roister." But as this analysis would <i>render</i> it so little +characteristic of the class so named, and would strongly imply that some +portion at least of that distinguished body was once viewed as the +"roisters," <i>i.e.</i> "bullies and blusterers," of that division of our +courts called "the Bar," it is evident that we cannot reasonably look +for the derivation of the latter part of the word from that source. But +still, as there may be those who are inclined, in spite of these cogent +objections, to doubt whether this may be its true etymon; and it is fit +that any such lurking and slanderous suspicion should be dispelled from +every sceptic mind, some one of your curious and learned correspondents, +anxious to effect it, will, perhaps, tax his etymological skill to the +suggestion of a less offensive, and more just and appropriate +derivation, than "Bar-roister."</p> + + <p class="right"> W. Y.</p> + + + +<h4> +<span>333. <i>Indian Jugglers.</i></span> +</h4> + +<p>—Can any of your readers favour me with +references to any works containing an account of the trick practised by +jugglers in the East Indies, and known there by the name of "growing a +mango?" In performing this trick a seed is planted in a pot or basket of +earth, which is then covered up from the sight by a cloth or other wire; +in a little time this is removed, and the seed is seen to have +germinated, and its growth is similarly shown in successive stages, the +last of which exhibits the plant in fruit. Hundreds of Europeans have +seen the trick, but I have never heard of any one who was able to detect +the successive substitutions in which it obviously consists. I do not at +present recollect the name of any author who takes any notice of it.</p> + + <p class="right">N.</p> + + + +<h4> +<span>334. <i>Priory of Hertford.</i></span> +</h4> + +<p>—The Priory of Hertford was founded by Ralph +de Limesey and his wife Hadewise, some time after the Conquest. Can any +of your antiquarian correspondents inform me in what year this took +place?<a id="Page_473"></a> + <span class="pagenum">[473]</span></p> + +<p>The Rev. D<span class="smcap lowercase">R</span>. R<span class="smcap lowercase">OCK</span> had the politeness to answer my Query respecting the +Abbot Eustacius; perhaps he could oblige me by solving the present one.</p> + + <p class="right"> J. L.</p> + + + +<h4> +<span>335. <i>Jacobus Creusius</i> (<i>or Crucius</i>).</span> +</h4> + +<p>—<i>Jacobi Creusii Theologi et +Medici, Frisii, Victimas Humanas.</i> I should be greatly obliged by any +information respecting the author, or the book, which I find so +mentioned in a MS. of 1677.</p> + + <p class="right">S. W. R<span class="smcap lowercase">IX.</span></p> + + <p class="left">Beccles.</p> + + + +<h4> +<span>336. <i>Clekit House.</i></span> +</h4> + +<p>—In the will of John Buttery of Bury, 1557, is this +item:</p> + + <p class="blockquot">"My capitall mesuage, with the maltinge house and the tenement + called Banyards, with all the gardaines, yards, and close, to + them belonginge,—except the ij tenements called the <i>Clekit</i> + House."</p> + +<p>What is the meaning of <i>Clekit</i>? In the E.-Anglian dialect, <i>clicket</i> is +"to chatter." Phillips has "C<span class="smcap lowercase">LICKET</span>, the knocker of a door, but Chaucer +uses it for a key."</p> + + + <p class="right">B<span class="smcap lowercase">URIENSIS</span>.</p> + + + +<h4> +<span>337. <i>Ballad on the Rising of the Vende.</i></span> +</h4> + +<p>—Who is the author of a +modern ballad on the Rising of the Vende, of which the last lines are—</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p>"We crush'd, like ripen grapes, Montreuil, we tore down old Vetier—</p> + <p> We charged them with our naked breasts, and took them with a cheer—</p> + <p>We'll hunt the robbers through the land, from Seine to sparkling Rhone.</p> + <p> Now 'Here's a health to all we love: our King shall have his own!'"</p> + +</div> + + <p class="right">D. B. J.</p> + + + +<h4> +<span>338. <i>Stanza on Spenser's "Shepherd's Calender."</i></span> +</h4> + +<p>—In some of the early +quarto editions of Spenser, in the "Shepherd's Calender," June, there is +a stanza which in almost all the subsequent folio editions is omitted. I +shall be much obliged for any information as to when and why it was left +out; in the copies in which it appears it is the twelfth stanza, and is +as follows:—</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p> "Now dead he is, and lieth wrapt in led,</p> + <p> (O why should death on him such outrage show?)</p> + <p>And all his passing skill with him is fled,</p> + <p>The fame whereof doth daily greater grow;</p> + <p> But if on me some little drops would flow</p> + <p> Of that the spring was in his learned head,</p> + <p> I soon should learn these words to wail my woe,</p> + <p>And teach the trees their trickling tears to shed."</p> + +</div> + +<p>The last line is a good specimen of alliteration.</p> + + <p class="right"> E. N. W.</p> + + <p class="left">Southwark, Nov. 17. 1851.</p> + + + +<h4> +<span>339. <i>Prophecy respecting 1837.</i></span> +</h4> + +<p>—I remember seeing in the year 1837, I +think in one of the morning papers, the following lines, which were +said, as far as my memory serves me, to have been taken from an old +almanac, in which they were prophetical of what should happen in the +above-named year:—</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p> "By the power to see through the ways of Heaven,</p> + <p> In one thousand eight hundred and thirty-seven,</p> + <p>Shall the year pass away without any spring,</p> + <p> And on England's throne shall not sit a king."</p> + +</div> + +<p>Can any of your readers inform me whether these lines were only composed +after the events related took place—that is, at the time the lines +appeared in the paper in which I saw them, or whether they are really to +be found in any old almanac; and if so, in what almanac, and in what +year?</p> + + <p class="right"> N. L. N.</p> + + <p class="left"> Maidstone.</p> + + + +<h4> +<span>340. <i>Lines on the Bible.</i></span> +</h4> + +<p>—In a small volume of Sacred Poetry, in the +possession of a friend of mine, the following lines on the Bible are +ascribed to Byron:</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p>"Within this awful volume lies</p> + <p> The mystery of mysteries;</p> + <p> Oh! happiest they of human race</p> + <p> To whom our God has given grace</p> + <p> To hear, to read, to fear, to pray,</p> + <p> To lift the latch, and force the way:</p> + <p> But better had they ne'er been born</p> + <p>Who read to doubt, or read to scorn."</p> + +</div> + +<p>Not having met with these lines in the works of Lord Byron, can any of +your readers say whether they are his, or not, or who is the author?</p> + + <p class="right"> J<span class="smcap lowercase">OHN</span> A<span class="smcap lowercase">LGOR.</span></p> + + <p class="left">Sheffield.</p> + + + + +<h4><span>341. <i>En bon et poyer.</i></span></h4> + + +<p>—The family of Cockayne of Ashbourne, co. Derby, +used as a motto upon their seals, in the fourteenth century, the +following words, "En bon et poyer." This has been explained to mean, +"Boni est posse," or "Right is might." Can any of your readers suggest +anything to confirm or throw doubt on this interpretation?</p> + + <p class="right"> F<span class="smcap lowercase">RANCIS</span> M. N<span class="smcap lowercase">ICHOLS</span>.</p> + + + +<h4> +<span>342. <i>"England expects every man," &c.</i></span> +</h4> + +<p>—For nearly fifty years our +countrymen have taught their children Nelson's last signal—</p> + + + <div class="poem"> + + <p> "England expects every man to do his duty."</p> + +</div> + +<p>Such was my impression of this emphatic form of words. I am surprised to +see upon the column in Trafalgar Square,</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p> "England expects every man <i>will</i> do his duty."</p> + +</div> + +<p>Pray is there any authority for the inscription as it there stands?</p> + + + <p class="right"> E. N. H.</p> + + + +<h4> +<span>343. <i>Religious Houses in East Sussex.</i></span> +</h4> + +<p>—Can any of your readers refer +me to any sources of information, printed or in manuscript, in addition +to those mentioned in the last edition of Dugdale's <i>Monasticon</i>, +respecting the following religious houses in East Sussex: <i>Otham</i>, +<i>Bayham</i>, <i>Michelham</i>, <i>Robertsbridge</i>?</p> + + <p class="right"> E. V.</p> + + + +<h4> +<span>344. <i>Parish Registers—Right of Search—Fees claimable.</i></span> +</h4> + +<p>—Considerable +attention has of late<a id="Page_474"></a> + <span class="pagenum">[474]</span> been excited with reference to the +difficulties attending the ordinary means of access to various public +depositories of documentary evidence in this country. In some of these +departments, the commencement of a welcome reform is already apparent; +others, it is but reasonable to hope, will, ere long, yield to the frank +and inquisitive spirit of the times in this respect. The present +communication is confined to a very wide, though less dignified source +of official information, viz. Parish Registers. I am sure I need not say +one word to illustrate the importance of the last-mentioned class of +evidence to the genealogist, the topographer, or the archological +inquirer in general,—in one word, to those who enter into the spirit of +the "N<span class="smcap lowercase">OTES AND</span> Q<span class="smcap lowercase">UERIES</span>." I beg, therefore, to submit the following +inquiries:</p> + +<p>1. Have the actual parishioners of a place a right to consult their own +register of baptisms, marriages, and burials, <i>gratuitously</i>? If not:—</p> + +<p>2. What fee is <i>legally</i> demandable,—and by whom,—and under what +restrictions? And—</p> + +<p>3. Do the terms differ when the inquirer is not a <i>parishioner</i>? If so, +in what respect do they differ?</p> + +<p>These inquiries have reference to the contents of the chests kept in, or +in connection with, parochial churches and chapels, and not to those in +the custody of the modern "Registrar." I need scarcely add, that my +concern is with the strictly <i>legal</i> rights of search, and demand of +fees; and not as to what courtesy may concede, or usage sanction.</p> + + <p class="right"> D.</p> + + <p class="left"> Rotherfield.</p> + + + +<h4> +<span>345. <i>Bacon a Poet.</i></span> +</h4> + +<p>—In Boswell's Journal of his <i>Tour to the Hebrides</i> +he quotes the subjoined couplet, premising, "As Bacon says—</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p> "Who then to frail mortality shall trust,</p> + <p> But limns the water, or but writes in dust."</p> + +</div> + +<p>Is not <i>Bacon</i> here a slip of the pen or press? Sir Nicholas Bacon, Lord +Bacon, and Bacon the sculptor, are the only conspicuous men of the name, +and none of them that I know wrote verses.</p> + + <p class="right"> R. C<span class="smcap lowercase">S.</span></p> + + + +<h4> +<span>346. <i>Tregonwell Frampton.</i></span> +</h4> + +<p>—Where can I obtain any particulars of the +life of Tregonwell Frampton, Esq., commonly called the "Father of the +Turf," who died at an advanced age about 1727-8. Reference is made to +him in the <i>Rambler</i>.</p> + + <p class="right"> T. R. W.</p> + + + +<h4> +<span>347. <i>Weever and Fuller—their Autographs wanted.</i></span> +</h4> + +<p>—Can any of your +readers direct the etcher of a portrait of Weever, where to find his +autograph, from which to make a copy to illustrate it? It is not to be +found in the British Museum. The extreme paucity of information +respecting this worthy is somewhat strange, considering the value of his +contributions to literature. In our leading biographies and cyclopdias +his name does not occur. By-the-bye, where was he buried, and what +inscription is there on his "funeral monument?"</p> + +<p>An etched portrait is about to be published in the next part of the +<i>Antiquarian Etching Club</i>, of Fuller, the author of <i>Worthies</i>, <i>Church +History</i>, &c., without a copy of his signature for the same reason, +unless one should be discovered.</p> + +<p>It has been suggested that search made in the library of Queen's +College, Cambridge, might prove successful in both cases, from the fact +of their having both belonged to that college. Perhaps some member of +the university would kindly undertake the inquiry.</p> + + <p class="right">A. E. C.</p> + + + +<h4> +<span>348. <i>Is the Badger Amphibious?</i></span> +</h4> + +<p>—Turner (<i>Sacred History of the World</i>, +Letter XV. vol. i. p. 428. 4th edit. 1833) says:</p> + + <p class="blockquot">"The beaver, otter, and <i>badger</i> are <i>amphibious</i> creatures, but + not oviparous."</p> + +<p>Surely this is a mistake, and worthy of a Note? I cannot find the badger +mentioned as an <i>amphibious</i> animal in any modern zoology. I certainly +have not by me Kerr's <i>Linnus</i> to refer to, as a verification of Sharon +Turner's note on this passage.</p> + + <p class="right">C<span class="smcap lowercase">HARLES</span> P<span class="smcap lowercase">ASLAM.</span></p> + + + + +<h3> +<span class="bla">Minor Queries Answered.</span> +</h3> + +<h4> +<span><i>Royal Registers.</i></span> +</h4> + +<p>—I have nine volumes of a work published by Bew, +Paternoster Row, and which appeared from 1778 to 1784, pretending to +give sketches of the characters of public men by his Majesty. Can any of +your correspondents inform me who was the writer, and what number of +volumes were published?</p> + + <p class="right"> B.</p> + + + + <p class="blockquot"> [This literary curiosity was completed in nine volumes, which are + sometimes bound in three. In 1841 Mr. H. G. Bohn advertised a + copy with all the names filled up in manuscript, the initials + being no doubt sufficiently intelligible at that time. For a + notion of the work on its first appearance, see the <i>Gentleman's + Magazine</i>, vol. xlviii. p. 130.]</p> + + + +<h4> +<span><i>Paul Hoste.</i></span> +</h4> + +<p>—Paul Hoste, a Jesuit, published early in the seventeenth +century a small quarto with diagrams on "Breaking the Line," so much +discussed, as being first done in Rodney's action. If any one can give +me some account of Paul Hoste and his <i>scientific</i> views on naval +architecture, the information will be acceptable to</p> + + <p class="right"> <span class="smcap lowercase">GROTUS</span>.</p> + + + + <p class="blockquot"> [See Chalmers' and Gorton's <i>Biographical Dictionaries</i>; Moreri, + <i>Le Grand Dictionnaire</i>, and <i>Nouveau Dictionnaire Historique, + s.v.</i>]</p> + + + +<h4> +<span>"<i>Liber Mirabilis.</i>"</span> +</h4> + +<p>—Can any of your readers inform me if there be a +copy of the <i>Liber Mirabilis</i> in any library in the United Kingdom? It +contains a remarkable prediction of St. Csario, Bishop of Arles, in the +year 542. The work is<a id="Page_475"></a> + <span class="pagenum">[475]</span> printed in Gothic characters, and there is +a copy in the Royal Library, Paris.</p> + + <p class="right">C<span class="smcap lowercase">LERICUS</span>.</p> + + <p class="left"> Dublin.</p> + + <p class="blockquot"> [A copy is in the library of the British Museum, consisting of + two parts. Part I. is in Latin, and Part II. in French, 4to., + 1523.]</p> + + + +<h4> +<span><i>Saint Richard, King of England.</i></span> +</h4> + +<p>—In the Romish Calendar we find, on +the 7th February, amongst other saints, "Saint Richard, King of +England." Which of our Richards does this refer to? I have never read in +history of any of them having been canonized, nor should I have thought +any of them at all a likely candidate for that honour; but if such was +really the case, I presume that Cœur de Lion must be the man, and +that his valour in the Crusades was suffered to outweigh his many other +unsaintly qualities.</p> + + <p class="right"> J. S. W<span class="smcap lowercase">ARDEN</span>.</p> + + <p class="left"> Balica.</p> + + <p class="blockquot">[St. Richard was an English prince, in the kingdom of the West + Saxons, which it is probable he renounced that he might dedicate + himself to the pursuit of Christian perfection. About the year + 722, on his way to Rome, he died suddenly at Lucca in Italy. See + Butler's <i>Lives of the Saints</i>, Feb. 7.]</p> + + + +<h4> +<span><i>Saint Irene or St. Erini.</i></span> +</h4> + +<p>—Can any of your correspondents direct me to +where information may be found regarding the Saint Irene or St. Erini, +from whom the Grecian island of Santorin takes its name?</p> + + <p class="right"> <span title="[Greek: S.]">Σ.</span></p> + + <p class="left"> Bristol Dec. 1. 1851.</p> + + <p class="blockquot"> [Irene, Empress of Constantinople, <span class="smcap lowercase">A.D.</span> 797-802, was one of the + most extraordinary women in Byzantine history. The Greeks have + placed her among their saints, and celebrate her memory on the + 15th of August. Consult Smith's <i>Dictionary of Greek and Roman + Biography and Mythology</i>, and Gibbon's <i>Decline and Fall</i>, chap. + xlviii.]</p> + + + + + +<h2> +<span class="bla">Replies.</span> +</h2> + + +<h3> +<span>COCKNEY.<br /> +(Vol. iv., pp. 273. 318.)</span> +</h3> + + +<p>The following passages collected from various sources, will perhaps help +to illustrate the origin and the several meanings of this word +<i>Cockney</i>:—</p> + +<p>Fuller's first sense is—</p> + + + <p class="blockquot">"One coaks'd or cockered, made a wanton or nestle-cock of, + delicately bred and brought up, so that when grown men or women + they can endure no hardship, nor comport with pains taking."</p> + + <p class="blockquot">"'Tis not their fault, but our mothers', our cockering mothers, + who for their labour make us to be called <i>Cockneys</i>."—Dekker, + <i>A Knight's Conjuring</i>, 1607.</p> + + + <div class="poem"> + + <p>"And when this jape is told another day + I shall be halden a daffe or a <i>Cokenay</i>."</p> + + <p class="author"> Chaucer, <i>The Reve's Tale</i>.</p> + +</div> + + +<p>The following extracts will show that to this first sense Fuller might +have added, <i>one abundantly and daintily fed:</i>—</p> + + <p class="blockquot"> "Unlesse it be shortly considered, and that faukons be broughte + to <i>a more homelye diete</i>, it is ryght likely, that within a + shorte space of yeares, our familiar pultry shall be as scarse, + as be now partriche and fesaunte. I speake not this in disprayse + of the faukons, but of them whiche keepeth them lyke + <i>Cokeneys</i>."—Elyot, <i>The Governour</i>, 1557.</p> + + <p class="blockquot">"Some again are in the other extreme, and draw this mischief on + their heads by too ceremonious and strict diet, being over + precise <i>cockney-like</i>, and curious in their observation of + meats."—Burton. <i>Anatomy of Melancholy</i>.</p> + +<p>Fuller's second sense is—</p> + + <p class="blockquot"> "One utterly ignorant of husbandry and huswifery such as is + practised in the country, so that he may be easily persuaded + anything about rural commodities, and the original thereof."</p> + +<p>He relates the old <i>cock-neigh</i> story, and adds another jest of a +similar kind:</p> + + <p class="blockquot"> "One merrily persuaded a she-citizen, that seeing <i>malt</i> did not + grow, the good huswives in the country did spin it; 'I knew as + much,' said the <i>Cockney</i>, 'for one may see the threads hang out + at the ends thereof."</p> + +<p>Shakspeare uses the word <i>Cockney</i> in this latter sense in <i>King Lear</i>, +Act II. Sc. 4.:</p> + + <p class="blockquot">"<i>Lear.</i> Oh me, my heart, my rising heart! But down."</p> + + <p class="blockquot">"<i>Fool.</i> Cry to it, nuncle, as the <i>Cockney</i> did to the eels, + when she put 'em i' th' paste alive; she knapt 'em o' th' + coxcombs with a stick, and cried 'Down, wantons, down;' 'twas her + brother, that in pure kindness to his horse buttered his hay."</p> + +<p><i>Cokeney</i> was apparently used in very early times to designate <i>London</i>. +In the <i>Britannia</i>, art. "Suffolk," Hugh Bigod, a rebellious baron in +the time of Henry II., boasts thus:</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p> "Were I in my castle of Bungey,</p> + <p>Upon the river Waveney,</p> + <p> I would ne care for the King of <i>Cockeney</i>."</p> + +</div> + +<p>I conceive that <i>Cokeney</i> in this sense is derived from the Anglo-Saxon +word <i>cycene</i>, a kitchen or cooking place. Nares, however, in his +<i>Glossary</i>, says:</p> + + <p class="blockquot">"Le pais de cocagne, in French, means a country of good cheer; in + old French <i>coquaine</i>; cocagna, in Italian, has the same meaning. + Both might be derived from <i>coquina</i>. This famous country, if it + could be found, is described as a region 'where the hills were + made of sugar-candy, and the loaves ran down the hills, crying + 'Come eat me, <i>come eat me</i>.'"</p> + +<p>Hickes gives, in his <i>Anglo-Saxon Grammar</i>, an ancient poem, describing +the plenteous land of <i>Cokeney</i> or <i>Cokaigne</i>:</p> + +<div class="poem"> + + <p> "Fur in see hi west Spaynge</p> + <p> Is a lond ihote Cocaygne</p> + <p> Ther nis lond under hevenriche</p> + <p>Of wel of goodnis hit iliche<a id="Page_476"></a> + <span class="pagenum">[476]</span></p> + <p>In Cokaygne is met and drink</p> + <p> Withute care, how, and swink</p> + <p> .......</p> + <p> Ther nis lac of met no cloth</p> + <p>.......</p> + <p> Ther beth rivers gret and fine</p> + <p>Of oile, melk, honi and wine.</p> + <p> Water seruith ther to nothing</p> + <p>Bot to siyt and to waussing.</p> + <p> .......</p> + <p>Ther is a wel fair abbei</p> + <p> Of white monkes and of grei</p> + <p> .......</p> + <p> The gees irostid on the spitte</p> + <p> Fleey to that abbai, god hit wot,</p> + <p> And gredith 'gees al hote, al hot.'"</p> + +</div> + +<p>Shakspeare's use of <i>Cockney</i>, in <i>Twelfth Night</i>, Act IV. Sc. 1., is +somewhat obscure; but I conceive that the Clown means to express his +opinion that the world is already replete with folly:</p> + + +<div class="poem"> + + <p class="indh6"> "<i>Seb.</i> I prithee vent thy folly somewhere else; thou know'st not + me.</p> + + <p class="indh6"> "<i>Clown.</i> Vent my folly! He has heard that word of some great + man, and now applies it to a fool. Vent my folly! I am afraid + this great lubber, the world, will prove a <i>Cockney</i>."</p> + +</div> + +<p>The Clown probably intends to say, that to vent his folly to the world +will be like sending coals to Newcastle, or provisions to <i>Cocagne</i>; for +that, as regards folly, this great lubber the world will prove to be a +<i>Cocagne</i> or <i>Cokeney</i>, <i>i.e.</i> a land of plenty. He may, however, mean +to hint, in a round-about way, that <i>Cockneys</i>, or natives of London, +are full of folly; or that the world is as well supplied with folly as a +<i>Cockney</i> is with food.</p> + +<p>I do not know whether I committed a <i>Cockney</i>, a <i>clerical</i>, or a +<i>canonical</i> error, when I wrote the name of Chaucer under the following +lines instead of the word <i>Cokeney</i>:—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + + <p> "I have no peny, quod Pierce, polettes for to bie,</p> + <p>Ne neither gose ne grys, but two grene cheses,</p> + <p> A few curdes and creame, and an haver cake,</p> + <p> And two loves of beanes and branne, bake for mi folke,</p> + <p> And yet I say by my soule, I have no salt bacon</p> + <p> Ne no <i>Cokeney</i>, by Christe, coloppes to make."</p> + + <p class="author"> <i>The Vision of Pierce Plowman</i>, printed 1550.</p> + +</div> + + <div class="poem"> + + <p> "At that fest thay wer seruyd with a ryche aray,</p> + <p>Every fyve and fyve had a <i>Cokenay</i>."</p> + + <p class="author"> <i>The Turnament of Tottenham.</i></p> + +</div> + +<p>The sentence for which I am responsible, p. 318., should read thus: +"<i>Cokeney</i>, in the above lines quoted by Webster, probably refers to any +substantial dish of fresh meat which might be cut in collops." I may add +that this use of the word brings it into close alliance with the +Anglo-Saxon word <i>cocnunga</i>, signifying <i>things cooked</i>, <i>pies</i>, +<i>puddings</i>, and <i>cock's-meat</i>.</p> + +<p>The French and Neapolitan festivals, called <i>cocagne</i> and <i>cocagna</i>, +appear to have presented themselves in this country under the form of +Cockneys' feasts and revels conducted by the King of Cockneys. Strype, +in the first appendix to his edition of Stow's <i>London</i>, under the head +"Stepney," describes at some length "The Cockney's Feast of Stepney;" +and Dugdale, in his <i>Origines Juridiciales</i>, recapitulates an order +entered on the <i>Register of Lincoln's Inn</i>, vol. iv. fo. 81a, in the 9th +of Henry VIII.:</p> + + <p class="blockquot"> "That the <i>King of Cockneys</i> in Childermass-day should sit and + have due service, and that he and all his officers should use + honest and lawful manner and good order, without any waste of + destruction making, in wine, brawn, chely, or other victuals: as + also that he, his marshal, butler, and constable marshal, should + have their lawful and honest commandments by delivery of the + officers of Christmas: and that the said King of Cockneys, ne + none of his officers, medyll neither in the buttry nor in the + Stuard of Christmass his office—upon pain of xi<span class="topnum">s</span>. for every + such medling. And lastly, that Jack Straw and all his adherents + should be thenceforth utterly banisht, and no more to be used in + this house upon pain to forfeit, for every time five pounds, to + be levied on every fellow hapning to offend against this rule."</p> + +<p>Some obliging bencher of Lincoln's Inn will perhaps have the goodness to +examine, or to permit me to examine the <i>Register</i>, to ascertain whether +this potentate was king of Cockneys, as Dugdale has it, or of Cockney.</p> + + <p class="right"> A L<span class="smcap lowercase">ONDONER</span>.</p> + + + + +<h3> +<span class="bla">Replies to Minor Queries.</span> +</h3> + +<h4> +<span><i>The Word Infortuner</i></span> +<span> (Vol. iv., p. 328.).</span> +</h4> + +<p>—J. C. W. enquires, "Is +<i>infortuner</i> to be found in any old Dictionary?" I would state that I +have not been able to find it; but in Cockeram's <i>English Dictionarie</i>, +1639, I find "<i>Infortunate</i>, unhappy;" and in Bailey's <i>Dictionary</i>, +vol. i. 1753, "<i>Infortunate</i>, unhappy, unlucky;" "<i>Infortune</i>, +misfortune," referred to Chaucer; "<i>Infortunes</i>, an astrological term, +applied to Saturn and Mars, because of their unfortunate influences;" +"<i>Infortunid</i>, unfortunate," referred to Chaucer; and in vol. ii of +Bailey's <i>Dictionary</i>, 1727, I find "<i>Infortunateness</i>, unhappiness, +unluckiness." It is singular that Cockeram gives "infortunate" in his +first alphabet, which, he says, in his preface, "hath the <i>choicest</i> +words now in use, wherewith our language is enriched." "Unfortunate" he +places in the second alphabet, which, he says, "contains the <i>vulgar</i> +words." Neither Cole's <i>English Dictionary</i>, 1685, nor Blount's +<i>Glossographia</i>, 1670, nor Phillips' <i>World of Words</i>, 1678, contain the +word "unfortunate" in any of its terminations or applications. Mr. +Halliwell, in his <i>Dictionary of Provincial Words</i>, gives the word +"<i>Infortune</i>, misfortune," deriving it from the Anglo-Norman.</p> + +<p>Whilst referring thus to our early lexicographers,<a id="Page_477"></a> + <span class="pagenum">[477]</span> allow me to +allude to an anecdote respecting, Dr. Adam Lyttleton, who, when +compiling his Latin Dictionary, announced the verb "concurro" to his +amanuensis; the latter, imagining, from an affinity of sound, that the +first two syllables gave the English meaning of the verb, said, +"<i>Concur</i>, I suppose, sir." To which the Doctor peevishly replied, +"<i>Concur</i>, condog." The scribe wrote down what he supposed his employer +dictated, and the word "condog" was inserted, and stands as one +interpretation of "concurro" in the first edition of the Dictionary; it +is, of course, expunged from subsequent ones. I give this statement as I +find it in print. I do not vouch for its correctness, not having the +first edition of the Dictionary to refer to. Strange to say, however, +"condog" was regarded as a synonym, or rather as an equivalent to +"concur," long before the date of the first edition of Dr. Lyttleton's +<i>Dictionary</i>. In Cockeram's <i>Dictionarie</i>, before referred to, sixth +edition, 1639, I find the second alphabet, among the words which the +author calls <i>vulgar</i>, the verb "to agree" defined "Concurre, cohere, +<i>condog</i>, condiscend." Cockeram's <i>Dictionary</i> was evidently a work of +some authority in its day; it was dedicated to Sir Richard Boyle, and +reached to, at least, a <i>sixth</i> edition, which edition is announced in +the title-page as "revised and enlarged," and therefore "condog" did not +owe its place in it to the error of an amanuensis or transcriber. The +book, although small, contains much curious matter, to which I may, +perhaps, hereafter refer. In his "premonition to the reader," he says, +"where thou meetest with a word marked thus +, know you that it is now +out of use, and only used of some ancient writers." Among these words +thus marked as obsolete in 1639, I find, on casually opening the book, +the following, "abandon, abate, bardes, insanity." He also defines <i>Troy +weight</i> as "a pound weight of twelve ounces, wherewith <i>bread</i>, precious +stones, gold and silver are weighed." Blount also (1670), and Cole +(1685), say bread was sold by Troy weight; the latter adds medicines to +the articles sold by that standard. Cowell, in his <i>Law Dictionary</i> +(1708), says, "Electuaries, and medicinal things, and <i>brede</i>, are to be +weighed by Troy weight;" Bayley, in 1753, says, "Gold, silver, drugs," +&c., are weighed by Troy weight, but does not enumerate bread. Can any +of your readers inform me when bread was first directed to be sold by +Troy weight, and when it ceased to be so?</p> + + <p class="right">P. T.</p> + + <p class="left">Stoke Newington.</p> + + + +<h4> +<span><i>Foreign Ambassadors</i> </span> +<span>(Vol. iv., p. 442.).</span> +</h4> + +<p>—There is a list of French +ambassadors, envoys, ministers, and other political agents at the court +of England, in the <i>Annuaire</i> of the Socit de l'histoire de France for +1848, which is the twelfth volume of the series. The list commences in +1396, and is continued to 1830.</p> + +<p>I believe there is a copy of this most useful publication in the British +Museum. If so, it should appear in the <i>experimental</i> catalogue of 1841, +under the head of ACADEMIES—E<span class="smcap lowercase">UROPE</span>—F<span class="smcap lowercase">RANCE</span>—P<span class="smcap lowercase">ARIS</span>—<i>Socit de +l'histoire de France!</i></p> + + <p class="right"> B<span class="smcap lowercase">OLTON</span> C<span class="smcap lowercase">ORNEY</span>.</p> + + + +<h4> +<span><i>Petition for the Recall from Spain of the Duke of Wellington</i> </span> +<span>(Vol. iv., p. 233.).</span> +</h4> + +<p>—<span class="smcap lowercase">GROTUS</span> asked if a copy of the petition to the above +effect from the Corporation of London to the Crown can be found, as it +is a droll historical document, which should not sink into oblivion; he +jumps at the conclusion that it does exist, but I think is mistaken. +Through the kindness of a friend who is in the Corporation, I have had +the journals searched, and have not been successful in finding any +address to the above tenor. There are abundance congratulating the +Prince Regent on the successes of the Duke, but none of censure. I have +likewise ascertained that some of the oldest servants of the City feel +quite sure that no such address was ever carried. If + <span class="smcap lowercase">GROTUS</span> can give me +any grounds for his belief, or anything likely to aid my inquiry, I will +renew the search.</p> + + <p class="right"> E. N. W.</p> + + <p class="left"> Southwark.</p> + + + + +<h2> +<span class="bla">Miscellaneous.</span> +</h2> + +<h3> +<span>NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC.</span> +</h3> + + +<p>If any doubt could exist as to the value of the <i>Germania</i> of Tacitus, +as an invaluable contribution to the history of all the Teutonic races, +a glance at the Appendix to Klemm's <i>Germanische Altherthumskunde</i>, in +which that author has enumerated not only the best editions and +translations of the <i>Germania</i>, but also the most important +dissertations to which it has given rise, would at once dispel it. The +scholar and the antiquary of this country may therefore be congratulated +on the fact of Dr. Latham having prepared an edition of it, which has +been issued under the title of <i>The Germania of Tacitus, with +Ethnological Dissertations and Notes</i>. Although "the work," to use Dr. +Latham's own words, "is rather a commentary upon the geographical part +of the <i>Germania</i>, than on the <i>Germania</i> itself—the purely descriptive +part relating to the customs of the early Germans being passed over +almost <i>sicco pede</i>,"—yet our readers will have no difficulty in +estimating its importance, when we inform them that the Ethnological +Dissertations and Notes which accompany the text may be said to embody +the views, (ofttimes indeed dissented from by Dr. Latham,) of Grimm and +Zeuss, and the learning with which those distinguished men have +illustrated the subject. Indeed, Dr. Latham, who sets an example of +openly acknowledging his obligations to other scholars which we should +be glad to see more generally followed, expressly states, that whether +the work before us took its present form, or that of a translation with +an elaborate commentary of Zeuss's learned and indispensable work, <i>Die +Deutschen und die Nachbarstmme</i>, was a mere question of +convenience.<a id="Page_478"></a> + <span class="pagenum">[478]</span></p> + +<p>If the story that we have heard be true, namely, that one of the most +learned and active members of the episcopal bench did, at a late +clerical meeting, hold up a copy of Whitaker's <i>Clergyman's Diary and +Ecclesiastical Directory</i>, and pronounce it to be a little book so full +of useful and invaluable information as to be indispensable to every +clergyman, it is clear that the work is beyond all criticism.</p> + +<p><i>The Family Almanack and Educational Register for 1852</i>, contains—in +addition to full particulars of nearly a thousand public schools, +colleges, and universities, and a list (containing upwards of a +thousand) of the principal private schools in the kingdom,—a vast +amount of miscellaneous information (including for the first time the +Statutes of the Irish University) and statistical tables, and so forms a +volume which no person interested in the great question of education can +at all do without.</p> + +<p>While on the subject of education, we may acknowledge the receipt of +several educational works, which we can only notice with great brevity.</p> + +<p>M. Merlet's <i>Dictionary of French Difficulties</i> (which, but that the +subject is almost too grave for such a jest, we should have suggested +might very appropriately have been dedicated to the President) bears on +its title the stamp of its merit in the words "<i>third edition</i>."</p> + +<p>M. Falch Lebahn's <i>Self Instructor in German</i>; <i>Practice in German</i>; and +<i>German in One Volume</i> (4th ed.), are very able attempts to facilitate +the study of that most useful language.</p> + +<p>The last work, containing as it does La Motte Fouque's beautiful tale of +<i>Undine</i>, with explanatory notes on all the difficult words and phrases, +and its vocabulary of 4500 words synonymous in German and English, +cannot be found otherwise than most useful.</p> + + + + +<h3> +<span>BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES<br /> +WANTED TO PURCHASE.</span> +</h3> + +<p class="indh"> S<span class="smcap lowercase">OUTHEY'S</span> E<span class="smcap lowercase">DITION OF</span> C<span class="smcap lowercase">OWPER</span>. Vols. X. XII. XIII. XIV.</p> + +<p class="indh">J<span class="smcap lowercase">OURNAL OF THE</span> G<span class="smcap lowercase">EOLOGICAL</span> S<span class="smcap lowercase">OCIETY OF</span> D<span class="smcap lowercase">UBLIN</span>. Vol. I. Part I. + (Several copies are wanted, and it is believed that many are + lying in London or Dublin.)</p> + +<p class="indh"> M<span class="smcap lowercase">ITFORD'S</span> H<span class="smcap lowercase">ISTORY OF</span> G<span class="smcap lowercase">REECE</span>. Vol. VI. Cadell, 1822. 8vo.</p> + + <p class="indh">W<span class="smcap lowercase">ILLIS'S</span> A<span class="smcap lowercase">RCHITECTURE OF THE</span> M<span class="smcap lowercase">IDDLE</span> A<span class="smcap lowercase">GES</span>. 15<i>s.</i> will be given + for a copy.</p> + + <p class="indh">F<span class="smcap lowercase">LUDD</span> (R<span class="smcap lowercase">OBERT</span>, M.D.) <i>alias</i> D<span class="smcap lowercase">E</span> F<span class="smcap lowercase">LUCTIBUS</span>, called the Searcher. + Any of his works.</p> + +<p class="indh"> B<span class="smcap lowercase">EHMEN'S</span> (J<span class="smcap lowercase">ACOB</span>) G<span class="smcap lowercase">ENESIS</span>.</p> + +<p class="indh"> L<span class="smcap lowercase">AW'S</span> A<span class="smcap lowercase">PPEAL</span>, &c.</p> + +<p class="indh"> L<span class="smcap lowercase">AW'S</span> A<span class="smcap lowercase">PPEAL</span> C<span class="smcap lowercase">ASE OF</span> R<span class="smcap lowercase">EASON</span>.</p> + +<p class="indh"> H<span class="smcap lowercase">UNTER'S</span> D<span class="smcap lowercase">EANERY OF</span> D<span class="smcap lowercase">ONCASTER</span>. Vol. I. Large or small paper.</p> + +<p class="indh"> C<span class="smcap lowercase">LARE'S</span> R<span class="smcap lowercase">URAL</span> M<span class="smcap lowercase">USE</span>.</p> + +<p class="indh"> C<span class="smcap lowercase">HRISTIAN</span> P<span class="smcap lowercase">IETY</span> F<span class="smcap lowercase">REED FROM THE</span> D<span class="smcap lowercase">ELUSIONS OF</span> M<span class="smcap lowercase">ODERN</span> E<span class="smcap lowercase">NTHUSIASTS.</span> + A.D. 1756 or 1757.</p> + + <p class="indh">A<span class="smcap lowercase">N</span> A<span class="smcap lowercase">NSWER TO</span> F<span class="smcap lowercase">ATHER</span> H<span class="smcap lowercase">UDDLESTONE'S</span> S<span class="smcap lowercase">HORT AND</span> P<span class="smcap lowercase">LAIN</span> W<span class="smcap lowercase">AY TO THE</span> + F<span class="smcap lowercase">AITH AND</span> C<span class="smcap lowercase">HURCH</span>. By Samuel Grascombe. London, 1703. 8vo.</p> + +<p class="indh"> R<span class="smcap lowercase">EASONS FOR</span> A<span class="smcap lowercase">BROGATING THE</span> T<span class="smcap lowercase">EST</span> I<span class="smcap lowercase">MPOSED UPON ALL</span> M<span class="smcap lowercase">EMBERS OF</span> + P<span class="smcap lowercase">ARLIAMENT</span>. By Samuel Parker, Lord Bishop of Oxon. 1688. 4to.</p> + + +<p class="indh6"> +<span class="topnum">*</span><span class="botnum">*</span><span class="topnum">*</span> Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, <i>carriage +free</i>, to be sent to M<span class="smcap lowercase">R</span>. B<span class="smcap lowercase">ELL</span>, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. +Fleet Street.</p> + + + +<h3> +<span class="bla">Notices to Correspondents.</span> +</h3> + +<p>"<i>Our correspondents will see, on very little reflection, that it is +plainly the Editor's interest to take all he can get, and make the most +and the best of every thing." Thus we spoke in our earlier numbers, and +we repeat it now as a reply to two or three communications which have +reached us during the present week. As in the management of</i> + "NOTES AND QUERIES" <i>we can have no party to serve, no prejudices to gratify, we +beg our correspondents—more especially those who are personally unknown +to us (and to whose communications we always endeavor to give the +earliest insertion possible, because we cannot explain to them, as we +could to those to whom we are known, the reasons for delay.)—that for +the delay or non-insertion of their communications there are always what +we believe they would admit to be satisfactory reasons if they were but +acquainted with them; although, from the difficulty attendant on the +management of a work like the present, we are not able to bring those +reasons before them.</i></p> + +<p><i>Among other interesting articles which are in type, but necessarily +omitted from the present number, are</i> "The Crucifix as used by the Early +Christians," <i>by</i> S<span class="smcap lowercase">IR</span> J. E<span class="smcap lowercase">MERSON</span> T<span class="smcap lowercase">ENNENT</span>; "Remains of James II.;" "Wady +Mokatteb identified with Kibroth Hattavah," <i>by the</i> R<span class="smcap lowercase">EV.</span> M. +M<span class="smcap lowercase">ARGOLIOUTH</span>; "Legend of the Red Breast," &c.</p> + +<p>J<span class="smcap lowercase">ARLTZBERG</span> <i>is thanked. His suggestion will be carried out at the +commencement of the New Year.</i></p> + +<p>G<span class="smcap lowercase">RUS</span>. <i>Surely the inscription is not correctly copied. The first line we +should read</i> "L<span class="smcap lowercase">ADI</span>, H<span class="smcap lowercase">ELP</span>!" <i>and the second</i>, + "M<span class="smcap lowercase">ERCY</span>, +J<span class="smcap lowercase">HESU</span>!"</p> + +<p>P. M. M. <i>The article on</i> "Deep Wells," <i>is omitted this week only from +want of room. The other communication is postponed for a short time.</i></p> + +<p>W. W. R. (Oxford) <i>is at present the only remonstrant. We will, however, +give his suggestion our best consideration.</i></p> + +<p>J. B. (Manchester), <i>who inquires respecting the family of Tonge, is +informed that his Query may be fully answered by a reference to</i> vol. +xiii. <i>of the Rev. Canon Raine's</i> Lancashire MSS.</p> + +<p>W. L. (Hitchin) <i>will find articles on</i> "Vegetating Insects" <i>in our</i> +3rd Vol. pp. 166, 398, 436.</p> + +<p>L<span class="smcap lowercase">ONG'S</span> A<span class="smcap lowercase">STRONOMY</span> <i>has been reported, and may be had by applying to our +Publisher.</i></p> + +<p><i>Full price will be given for clean copies of</i> No. 19. <i>upon application +to our Publisher.</i></p> + +<p>R<span class="smcap lowercase">EPLIES</span> R<span class="smcap lowercase">ECEIVED</span>.—<i>Derivation of London—General Moyle—Cavalcade, +&c.—Races in which Children are named after the Mother—Schola +Cordis—Voltaire—Cagots—Carmagnoles—Use of +Tobacco—Pigeons—Inscription on Spectacles—Talented—Latin verse on +Franklin—Warnings to Scotland—Suicides—Earwig—Johannes +Trithemius—Share of Presbyters, &c.—Countess of Desmond—Proverbial +Philosophy—Crosses and Crucifixes—Theodolite—Mitigation of Capital +Punishment—Milesian—Truth—Verses in Prose—Cabal—Jocelyns' +Legacy—San Grail—Curious Tenure—Boiling to Death—Arbor Lowe.</i></p> + +<p><i>Copies of our</i> Prospectus, <i>according to the suggestion of T. E. H, +will be forwarded to any correspondent willing to assist us by +circulating them.</i></p> + +<p>V<span class="smcap lowercase">OLS</span>. I., II., <i>and</i> III., <i>with very copious Indices, may still be had, +price 9s. 6d. each, neatly bound in cloth.</i></p> + +<p>N<span class="smcap lowercase">OTES AND</span> Q<span class="smcap lowercase">UERIES</span> <i>is published at noon on Friday, so that our country +Subscribers may receive it on Saturday. The subscription for the Stamped +Edition is 1Os. 2d. for Six Months, which may be paid by Post-office +Order drawn in favour of our Publisher</i>, +M<span class="smcap lowercase">R</span>. G<span class="smcap lowercase">EORGE</span> B<span class="smcap lowercase">ELL</span>, 186. Fleet +Street; <i>to whose care all communications for the Editor should be +addressed.</i></p> + +<p><i>Erratum.</i>—In last line but one of Art. 307. p. 424. for "proud +father," read "grandfather."</p> + + + + + + + +<div class="boxad"> + + <p class="center">Just published, by THOMAS KERSLAKE, Bookseller, No. 3. + Park Street, Bristol.</p> + +<p class="noindent cap">A CATALOGUE OF THE ENTIRE PHILOLOGICAL AND ANTIQUARIAN LIBRARY of the +late MR. SERJEANT LUDLOW, Town Clerk of Bristol, Leader of the Oxford +Circuit, &c. &c., lately bought of his Executors, and containing the +Principal Works on ANGLO-SAXON and GOTHIC LITERATURE, the Collections of +OLD ENGLISH POETRY, &c. To which is prefixed (by Permission of the +Author) his CHARACTER, by the Hon. SIR T. NOON TALFOURD. (Franked by two +Stamps.)</p> + +<p class="center">Also,</p> + +<p>A CATALOGUE OF THE GEOLOGICAL and SCIENTIFIC LIBRARY of the late REV. +DAVID WILLIAMS, Rector of Bleadon, Somerset. (Franked by one Stamp.)</p> + + <p class="center">THOMAS KERSLAKE, Old and New Bookseller, No. 3. Park Street, + Bristol.</p> + +</div> + + + +<div class="boxad"> + <p class="center"> PRESTON, LANCASHIRE</p> + + <p class="center"> Collections in Numismatology and Natural History, Miscellaneous + Library, &c., of the late MR. KENYON, F.R.S.E., &c.</p> + +<p class="noindent cap">MR. JOHN BURTON respectfully announces to the Virtuosi, Naturalists, &c. +that he will SELL by AUCTION in his Rooms, No. 11+. Fishergate, Preston, +on MONDAY, the 8th, TUESDAY, the 9th, WEDNESDAY, the 10th, THURSDAY, the +11th, FRIDAY, the 12th,—on MONDAY, the 15th, TUESDAY, the 16th, +WEDNESDAY, the 17th. THURSDAY, the 18th, and FRIDAY, the 19th days of +DECEMBER, 1851, at 11 o'clock in the Forenoon each day, the MOST +IMPORTANT and VALUABLE COLLECTION of COINS and MEDALS ever offered to +public competition in this portion of the provinces. It comprises nearly +six thousand specimens of Coinage, Ancient, Medival, and Modern; +including Greek, Roman, Byzantine, British, Anglo-Saxon, Anglo-Gallic, +English, Scotch, Irish, various Continental, &c., in Gold, Electrum, +Silver, Tin, Copper, Bronze, and other Metals, all in exceedingly fine +preservation, and extending chronologically to the present time—a +collection of unparalleled interest to the Historian, Archologist, and +Virtuoso.—Several Cabinets of Natural Curiosities, illustrative of the +Sciences of Geology, Mineralogy, Conchology, Entomology, and Botany.—A +Miscellaneous Library, including numerous valuable Numismatic Works, +Works on the several branches of Natural History, &c.:—and a few Oil +Paintings, Framed Engravings, and other effects, late the property of +the very eminent Connoisseur and Collector, MR. KENYON, F.R.S.E., &c. +deceased.</p> + +<p class="center">Also,</p> + +<p class="center">The Medical and Miscellaneous Library, Surgical Instruments, Chemical +Apparatus and Appliances, Powerful Magic Lantern, Solar Microscope, +Theodolite, &c. &c.</p> + +<p class="center">LATE the PROPERTY of W. ALEXANDER,</p> + +<p class="center">Esq., M.D., deceased.</p> + +<p>Catalogues (in two Parts, Sixpence each) may be had on application to +Mr. JOHN BURTON, Auctioneer and Accountant, 11+, Fishergate, or 38. +Avenham Lane, near the Terrace, Preston.</p> + +</div> + + + +<div class="boxad"> + +<p class="noindent cap">WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE AND<br /> + ANNUITY SOCIETY,</p> +<p class="center">3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON.</p> + +<p class="center">FOUNDED A.D. 1842.</p> + +<div class="box"><p> + + <i>Directors.</i></p> + + <p class="noindent">H. Edgeworth Bicknell, Esq.</p> + <p class="noindent">William Cabell, Esq.</p> + <p class="noindent">T. Somers Cocks, Jun. Esq. M.P.</p> + <p class="noindent">G. Henry Drew, Esq.</p> + + <p class="noindent">William Evans, Esq.</p> + <p class="noindent">William Freeman, Esq.</p> + <p class="noindent">F. Fuller, Esq.</p> + <p class="noindent">J. Henry Goodhart, Esq.</p> + <p class="noindent">T. Grissell, Esq.</p> + <p class="noindent">James Hunt, Esq.</p> + + <p class="noindent">J. Arscott Lethbridge, Esq.</p> + <p class="noindent">E. Lucas, Esq.</p> + <p class="noindent">James Lys Seager, Esq.</p> + <p class="noindent">J. Basley White, Esq.</p> + <p class="noindent">Joseph Carter Wood, Esq.</p> + +</div> + +<div class="box"> + + <p> <i>Trustees.</i></p> + + <p class="noindent"> W. Whately, Esq., Q.C.</p> + <p class="noindent"> L. C. Humfrey, Esq., Q.C.</p> + <p class="noindent"> George Drew, Esq.</p> + +</div> + +<div class="box"> + + <p class="noindent"><i>Consulting Counsel.</i>—Sir William P. Wood, M.P., Solicitor-General.</p> + <p class="noindent"><i>Physician.</i>—William Rich. Basham, M.D.</p> + + <p class="noindent"><i>Bankers.</i>—Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross.</p> + +</div> + +<p class="center1">VALUABLE PRIVILEGE.</p> + +<p>POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary +difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application +to suspend the payment at interest, according to the conditions detailed +in the Prospectus.</p> + +<div class="box"> + +<p class="noindent">Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100<i>l.</i>, with a Share in + three-fourths of the Profits:—</p> + +<p>Age <i>s.</i> <i>d.</i></p> +<p>17 1 14 4</p> +<p>22 1 18 8</p> +<p>27 2 4 5</p> + +<p>32 2 10 8</p> +<p>37 2 18 6</p> +<p>42 3 8 2</p> + + <p class="center" > ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary.</p> + +</div> + +<p>Now ready, price 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>, Second Edition, with material additions, +INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION; being a TREATISE on BENEFIT +BUILDING SOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of Land Investment, +exemplified in the Cases of Freehold Land Societies, Building Companies, +&c. With a Mathematical Appendix on Compound Interest and Life +Assurance. By ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life +Assurance Society, 3. Parliament Street, London.</p> + +</div> + + +<div class="boxad"> + +<p class="noindent cap">THE BEST IS THE CHEAPEST.</p> + +<table summary="PHILLIPS Tea Pricelist"> + +<tr><td class="tdleft"></td><td class="tdleft">The Best Congou Tea</td><td class="tdleft">3<i>s.</i> 8<i>d.</i></td><td class="tdleft">per lb.</td></tr> +<tr><td class="tdleft"></td><td class="tdleft">The Best Souchong Tea</td><td class="tdleft">4<i>s.</i> 4<i>d.</i></td><td class="tdleft"> "</td></tr> +<tr><td class="tdleft"></td><td class="tdleft">The Best Gunpowder Tea</td><td class="tdleft">5<i>s.</i> 8<i>d.</i></td><td class="tdleft"> "</td></tr> +<tr><td class="tdleft"></td><td class="tdleft">The Best Old Mocha Coffee</td><td class="tdleft">1<i>s.</i> 4<i>d.</i></td><td class="tdleft"> "</td></tr> +<tr><td class="tdleft"></td><td class="tdleft">The Best West India Coffee</td><td class="tdleft">1<i>s.</i> 4<i>d.</i></td><td class="tdleft"> "</td></tr> +<tr><td class="tdleft"></td><td class="tdleft">The Fine True Ripe Rich<br />Rare Souchong Tea </td><td class="tdleft">4<i>s.</i> 0<i>d.</i></td><td class="tdleft"> "</td></tr> + +</table> + +<p>40<i>s.</i> worth or upwards sent CARRIAGE FREE to any part of England by</p> + + +<p class="center"> PHILLIPS & CO., TEA MERCHANTS,</p> +<p class="center">No. 8. King William Street, City, London.</p> + +</div> + + + +<div class="boxad"> + <p class="center2"> BOOKS AT REDUCED PRICES ON SALE</p> + <p class="center2"> BY GEORGE BELL, 186. FLEET ST.</p> + +<p class="noindent cap">SHAKSPEARE'S PLAYS AND POEMS. 11 vols. 8vo. half morocco, neat. 4<i>l.</i> +10<i>s.</i> Pickering. 1825.</p> + +<p>MILTON'S POETICAL WORKS. 3 vols. 8vo. half morocco, neat. 28<i>s.</i> +Pickering, 1826.</p> + +<p>CHAUCER'S CANTERBURY TALES, edited by TYRWHITT. 5 vols. 8vo. half +morocco, neat. 2<i>l.</i> 5<i>s.</i> Pickering, 1830.</p> + +<p>CHAUCER'S ROMAUNT OF THE ROSE, TROILUS AND CRESEIDE, AND MINOR POEMS, +with Life by Sir H. NICOLAS. 3 vols. 8vo. calf, old style (by Hayday). +29<i>s.</i> Pickering, 1826.</p> + +<p>WILSON'S AND BONAPARTE'S NATURAL HISTORY OF THE BIRDS OF THE UNITED +STATES, Edited by JAMESON. 4 vols. 12mo. large paper, half morocco, +neat. 24<i>s.</i> Edinburgh, 1831.</p> + +<p>DR. JOHNSON'S WORKS, by MURPHY. 12 vols. 8vo. half calf, neat. 3<i>l.</i> +12<i>s.</i> 1823.</p> + +<p>DEAN SWIFT'S WORKS, edited by HAWKESWORTH. 21 vols. 12mo. calf, neat. +1<i>l.</i> 11<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> 1760.</p> + +<p>MILTON'S POETICAL WORKS, by TODD. 6 vols. 8vo. half calf. 2<i>l.</i> 2<i>s.</i> +1826.</p> + +<p>BEWICK'S QUADRUPEDS. 8vo. half calf. 9<i>s.</i> 1792.</p> + +<p>ARISTOTELIS OPERA, edited by BEKKER, 11 vols. 8vo. calf, extra, by +Hayday. 5<i>l.</i> 10<i>s.</i> Oxford, 1837.</p> + +<p>ROSE'S BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY. 12 vols. 8vo. half calf. 7<i>l.</i> 1850.</p> + +<p>FACCIOLATTI LEXICON TOTIUS LATINITATIS CONSILIO ET CURA. FACCIOLATTI +OPERA ET STUDIO FORCELLINI. 2 vols. folio. russia. 1<i>l.</i> 12<i>s.</i> Patav. +1805.</p> + +<p>ORATORES GRCI A REISKE. 12 vols. 8vo. russia, neat. 3<i>l.</i> 13<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> +1770-75.</p> + +<p>NEWMAN'S PAROCHIAL SERMONS. 5 vols. 8vo. boards. 35<i>s.</i> Published at +2<i>l.</i> 12<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> + +<p>STOTHARD'S MONUMENTAL EFFIGIES. Folio, half morocco. 6<i>l.</i> 10<i>s.</i> +Published at 19<i>l.</i></p> + +<p>OLD ENGLAND. Vol. I. folio, cloth. 15<i>s.</i> Published at <i>22s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> + +<p>ATLAS ANTIQUUS. SPRUNER. Royal 4to. cloth. 18<i>s.</i> Published at 26<i>s.</i> +1850.</p> + +<p>ATLAS VON HELLAS. KIEPART. Folio. half morocco. 24<i>s.</i></p> + +<p>WHOWELL'S ANALOGY OF THE OLD AND NEW TESTAMENTS. 2 vols. 4to. cloth +1<i>l.</i> 10<i>s.</i> 1843.</p> + +<p>OXFORD TRACTS. 5 vols. in 6 parts, cloth, and No. 89. 30<i>s.</i></p> + +<p>ARROWSMITH'S GENERAL ATLAS. Royal 4to. calf. 30<i>s.</i> Published at 2<i>l.</i> +5<i>s.</i> 1840.</p> + +<p>CETIUS IN LOCA SCRIPTUR. Folio, calf. 6<i>s.</i> 1628.</p> + +<p>CATENA IN EPISTOLAS CATHOLICAS, accesserunt Œcumenii et Areth. +Commentarii in Apocalypsin. Edidit Cramer. 8vo. boards. 7<i>s.</i> Published +at 12<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> 1840.</p> + +<p>LA PLACE'S MCANIQUE CLESTE, translated by BOWDITCH. 4 vols. 4to. +boards. Scarce. 11<i>s.</i></p> + +<p>MOSHEIM'S ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 4 vols. 8vo. calf extra. 2<i>l.</i> 5<i>s.</i> +1845.</p> + +<p>SCHELLER'S LATIN LEXICON, by RIDDLE. Folio. calf (Hayday). 4<i>l.</i> 10<i>s.</i> +1830.</p> + +<p>SCHLEUSNER'S LEXICON TO THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 2 vols. 8vo half bound. +10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> 1817.</p> + +<p>SCAPUL LEXICON. Folio, calf. 21<i>s.</i> Oxford, 1820.</p> + +<p>—— 4to calf. 18<i>s.</i> London, 1820.</p> + + +</div> + + +<div class="boxad"> + +<p class="center xx-large">THE LITERARY GAZETTE</p> + +<p class="center larger">IS ENLARGED,</p> + +<p class="center">FOR THE PURPOSES OF</p> + +<p class="center2">SCIENCE, FINE ARTS, MUSIC, AND THE DRAMA.</p> + +<div class="boxad1"><p>The Proprietors of "THE LITERARY GAZETTE," impressed with a conviction +that it was not possible to treat efficiently of Literature, Science, +Fine Arts, Music, and the Drama, within the limits of a paper of sixteen +pages, resolved, at the commencement of their undertaking in January +last, to devote the Journal exclusively to the interests of Literature. +As the season arrived for the Exhibitions of Pictures, it was found +necessary, in compliance with the wishes of many Subscribers, to give +Critical Notices of them; but these were insufficient to mark the +progress of Fine Arts, while they intrenched upon the space intended for +Literature. The insertion of Reviews of Scientific Works elicited also +complaints that the Reports of the Learned Societies should have been +relinquished, and it has been felt that a weekly record of the progress +of Science is still a desideratum.</p> + +<p>Encouraged by the success that has attended their efforts in the +department of Literature (the circulation of "THE LITERARY GAZETTE," +notwithstanding these deficiencies, having been more than doubled), the +Proprietors have determined to enlarge their Journal to twenty-four +pages, and to devote the additional space to special departments of +Science, Fine Arts, Music, and the Drama.</p> +</div> + + +<div class="boxad1"> +<p>The contents of "THE LITERARY GAZETTE" will henceforth be arranged as +follows:—</p> + +<p>REVIEWS.—Critical Reviews, with extracts of all important new English +Works, and occasionally of Foreign Works.</p> + +<p>NOTICES.—Brief Critical and Analytical Notices of New Books, not +suitable for review.</p> + +<p>SUMMARY.—Announcements of Forthcoming Works, with notices of New +Editions, Reprints, Translations, Periodicals, and Pamphlets.</p> + +<p>LIST OF NEW BOOKS.—The usual List, with particulars of size, and price +of all books published during the week.</p> + +<p>COMMUNICATIONS.—Original Memoirs, Biographies, Accounts of Scientific +Voyages and Travels, Letters from Correspondents, &c.</p> + +<p>TOPICS OF THE WEEK.—An editorial record of literary, scientific, and +social intelligence.</p> + +<p>PROCEEDINGS OF SOCIETIES.—Abstracts of original Lectures and of Papers +read at the Learned Societies, with occasional Illustrative Woodcuts of +Diagrams, Sections, &c.</p> + +<p>FINE ARTS.—Reviews and Notices of Art Publications, Prints, +Exhibitions, Sales of Pictures, &c., and general art intelligence.</p> + +<p>FOREIGN CORRESPONDENCE.—Letters from Correspondents resident in Paris, +Leipsic, Madrid, and other continental cities.</p> + +<p>MUSIC.—Notices of Operas, Concerts, Oratorios, New Publications, and +general musical intelligence.</p> + +<p>THE DRAMA.—Reports of the Theatres, with Criticisms of New Plays, and +general dramatic intelligence.</p> + +<p>VARIETIES.—Fragments of general interest.</p> +</div> + +<div class="boxad2"> + +<p class="center">Price FOURPENCE; Stamped Edition, FIVEPENCE.</p> + +<p class="center">REEVE and BENHAM, 5. Henrietta Street, Covent Garden.</p> + +</div> +</div> + + +<div class="boxad"> + +<p class="noindent cap">BOOK PLATES.—HERALDIC QUERIES answered; Family Arms found, and every +information afforded. Drawing of Arms, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; Painting ditto, +5<i>s.</i>; Book Plate Crest, 5<i>s.</i>; Arms, &c. from 20<i>s.</i>; Crest on Card +Plate, and one hundred Cards, 8<i>s.</i>; Queries answered for 1<i>s.</i> Saxon, +Medival, and Modern Style Book Plates. The best authorities and MS. +Books of thirty-five years' practice consulted.—Apply (if per letter +enclosing stamps or post office order) to JAMES FRISWELL, Heraldic +Engraver, 12. Brooke Street, Holborn.</p> + +</div> + + +<div class="boxad"> + +<p class="center">BIBLES AND BIBLICAL WORKS FOR PRESENTATION.</p> + +<p class="center2">BAGSTER'S POLYGLOT BIBLES.</p> + +<p class="noindent cap">The elegant manner in which these well-known Books are got up, renders +them especially eligible as PRESENTATION COPIES of the "Sacred +Scriptures." Bound in Bagster's peculiar style of flexible Turkey +morocco, of durable beauty, and enriched with every external adornment, +the typographical completeness is enhanced. The Miniature Polyglot, or +small pocket size, the Foolscap Octavo, pocket size, and the Facsimile +Large-Print Edition, all correspond page for page; and in their +combinations with the Book of Common Prayer, Indexes, Concordances, +Lexicons, etc., afford a variety suited to every requirement. The +"Comprehensive Family and Pulpit Bible," containing the largest number +of parallel references and illustrative notes ever published, is kept, +of various quarto sizes, bound up with Family Registers, in plain and +sumptuous bindings. The "Hexapla" is a treasury of the most condensed +criticism. It consists of the Greek Text of the New Testament, printed +in the largest type, with six standard English translations beneath it, +arranged for comparison in parallel columns. Kept in every style of best +binding. "The Bible of Every Land," now just completed, is a collection +of interesting Memoirs of every Language into which the Bible has been +translated, with engraved Specimens, numerous coloured Maps, and a full +series of Native Alphabets. "The Blank-Paged Bible," "The Biblia +Ecclesi Polyglotta," "The Large-Print Critical Greek Testament and +Septuagint" may also be suggested as suitable gifts. See descriptive +Catalogues, which are furnished without charge, and sent free by post.</p> + +<p>London: SAMUEL BAGSTER AND SONS, 15. Paternoster Row, where, and at most +respectable Booksellers in the Kingdom, a large assortment may be seen.</p> + + + <p class="center"> MULT TERRICOLIS LINGU, COELESTIBUS UNA.</p> + + <p class="center"><span title="[Greek: Pollai men thntois Glttai, mia d' Athanatoisin.]">Πολλαι μεν θνητοις Γλωτται, μια δ' Αθανατοισιν.</span></p> + +</div> + +<div class="boxad"> + +<p class="noindent cap">THE IRISH QUARTERLY REVIEW, NO. IV.</p> + +<p class="i3">DECEMBER, 1851. Price 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> + + <p class="indh6"> I.—Halliburton's (Sam Slick) The English in America.</p> + + <p class="indh6"> II.—Maria Edgeworth.</p> + + <p class="indh6"> III.—A Glance at the Past and Present Condition of Ireland: "The + Exodus."</p> + + <p class="indh6"> IV.—The Celtic Records of Ireland.</p> + + <p class="indh6"> V.—Mr. Montague Dempsey's Experiences of the Landed + Interest—Concluded.</p> + + <p class="indh6"> VI.—The Poor-Law in Ireland—The Consolidated Annuities.</p> + + <p class="indh6"> VII.—Ruskin and the Pre-Raphaelists.</p> + + + <p class="center1">Dublin: W. B. KELLY. 8. Grafton Street. London: SIMPKIN, + MARSHALL & CO. Edinburgh: OLIVER & BOYD.</p> + +</div> + + +<div class="boxad"> + + <p class="center">Just published, 32mo. cloth, with Coloured Frontispiece, price 4<i>s.</i>; + morocco, 6<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> + +<p class="noindent cap">LYRA CHRISTIANA; Poems on Christianity and the Church, Original and +Selected. From the Works of ROBERT MONTGOMERY, M.A., Author of "The +Christian Life," "God and Man," &c.</p> + + <p class="center"> GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.</p> + +</div> + + +<div class="boxad"> + +<p class="noindent cap">TO PARISH CLERKS AND OTHERS.—One GUINEA REWARD will be paid for the +Certificate of Baptism of ROBERT BROUGHTON, born between 1700 and 1705.</p> + +<p class="center">Address to the Publishing Office of "NOTES and QUERIES."</p> + +</div> + +<div class="boxad"> + + <p class="center"> The Important Library of the COUNT MONDIDIER, deceased.</p> + <p class="center">Nine days' Sale.</p> + +<p class="noindent cap">PUTTICK AND SIMPSON, Auctioneers of Literary Property, will sell by +Auction at their Great Room, 191. Piccadilly, on MONDAY, December 15, +and eight following days (Sunday excepted), the very extensive and +valuable Library of the COUNT MONDIDIER, deceased, consigned from +Germany. Also, a very important Selection from the Library of a late +well-known ENGLISH COLLECTOR, the whole presenting an extraordinary +assemblage of Voyages, Travels, and Itineraries, Works relating to +America, including many of the rarest Productions, some of which have +been hitherto unknown to Bibliographers: together with many highly +valuable Works in General Literature, Natural History, Foreign and +English Local and Personal Histories, Private Memoirs, Ana. Faceti, &c. +&c.—Catalogues will be sent on application; if in the country, on +receipt of six stamps.</p> + +</div> + + + <p class="indh">Printed by T<span class="smcap lowercase">HOMAS</span> C<span class="smcap lowercase">LARK</span> S<span class="smcap lowercase">HAW</span>, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. + 5 New Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of + London; and published by G<span class="smcap lowercase">EORGE</span> B<span class="smcap lowercase">ELL</span>, of No. 186. Fleet Street, + in the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, + Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.—Saturday, + December 13, 1851.</p> + + + + + +<div class="tnbox"> + +<p class="noindent">Transcriber's Note: Original spelling variations have not been standardized.</p> + +</div> + +<div class="tnbox2"> + +<p class="indh"><a id="pageslist1"></a><a title="Return to top" href="#was_added1"> Pages + in "Notes and Queries", Vol. I-IV</a> </p> + +</div> + +<div class="tnbox2"> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 1 November 3, 1849. Pages 1 - 17 PG # 8603 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 2 November 10, 1849. Pages 18 - 32 PG # 11265 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 3 November 17, 1849. Pages 33 - 46 PG # 11577 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 4 November 24, 1849. Pages 49 - 63 PG # 13513 </p> + +</div> + + +<div class="tnbox2"> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 5 December 1, 1849. Pages 65 - 80 PG # 11636 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 6 December 8, 1849. Pages 81 - 95 PG # 13550 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 7 December 15, 1849. Pages 97 - 112 PG # 11651 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 8 December 22, 1849. Pages 113 - 128 PG # 11652 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 9 December 29, 1849. Pages 130 - 144 PG # 13521 </p> +</div> + +<div class="tnbox2"> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 10 January 5, 1850. Pages 145 - 160 PG # </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 11 January 12, 1850. Pages 161 - 176 PG # 11653 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 12 January 19, 1850. Pages 177 - 192 PG # 11575 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 13 January 26, 1850. Pages 193 - 208 PG # 11707 </p> +</div> + +<div class="tnbox2"> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 14 February 2, 1850. Pages 209 - 224 PG # 13558 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 15 February 9, 1850. Pages 225 - 238 PG # 11929 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 16 February 16, 1850. Pages 241 - 256 PG # 16193 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 17 February 23, 1850. Pages 257 - 271 PG # 12018 </p> + +</div> + +<div class="tnbox2"> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 18 March 2, 1850. Pages 273 - 288 PG # 13544 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 19 March 9, 1850. Pages 289 - 309 PG # 13638 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 20 March 16, 1850. Pages 313 - 328 PG # 16409 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 21 March 23, 1850. Pages 329 - 343 PG # 11958 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 22 March 30, 1850. Pages 345 - 359 PG # 12198 </p> +</div> + +<div class="tnbox2"> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 23 April 6, 1850. Pages 361 - 376 PG # 12505 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 24 April 13, 1850. Pages 377 - 392 PG # 13925 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 25 April 20, 1850. Pages 393 - 408 PG # 13747 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 26 April 27, 1850. Pages 409 - 423 PG # 13822 </p> + +</div> + +<div class="tnbox2"> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 27 May 4, 1850. Pages 425 - 447 PG # 13712 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 28 May 11, 1850. Pages 449 - 463 PG # 13684 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 29 May 18, 1850. Pages 465 - 479 PG # 15197 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 30 May 25, 1850. Pages 481 - 495 PG # 13713 </p> + +</div> + +<div class="tnbox2"> + +<p class="noindent"> Notes and Queries Vol. II. </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol., No., Date, Year, Pages, PG # </p> + +</div> + +<div class="tnbox2"> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 31 June 1, 1850. Pages 1- 15 PG # 12589 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 32 June 8, 1850. Pages 17- 32 PG # 15996 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 33 June 15, 1850. Pages 33- 48 PG # 26121 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 34 June 22, 1850. Pages 49- 64 PG # 22127 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 35 June 29, 1850. Pages 65- 79 PG # 22126 </p> +</div> + +<div class="tnbox2"> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 36 July 6, 1850. Pages 81- 96 PG # 13361 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 37 July 13, 1850. Pages 97-112 PG # 13729 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 38 July 20, 1850. Pages 113-128 PG # 13362 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 39 July 27, 1850. Pages 129-143 PG # 13736 </p> +</div> + +<div class="tnbox2"> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 40 August 3, 1850. Pages 145-159 PG # 13389 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 41 August 10, 1850. Pages 161-176 PG # 13393 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 42 August 17, 1850. Pages 177-191 PG # 13411 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 43 August 24, 1850. Pages 193-207 PG # 13406 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 44 August 31, 1850. Pages 209-223 PG # 13426 </p> +</div> + +<div class="tnbox2"> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 45 September 7, 1850. Pages 225-240 PG # 13427 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 46 September 14, 1850. Pages 241-256 PG # 13462 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 47 September 21, 1850. Pages 257-272 PG # 13936 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 48 September 28, 1850. Pages 273-288 PG # 13463 </p> +</div> + +<div class="tnbox2"> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 49 October 5, 1850. Pages 289-304 PG # 13480 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 50 October 12, 1850. Pages 305-320 PG # 13551 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 51 October 19, 1850. Pages 321-351 PG # 15232 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 52 October 26, 1850. Pages 353-367 PG # 22624 </p> + +</div> + +<div class="tnbox2"> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 53 November 2, 1850. Pages 369-383 PG # 13540 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 54 November 9, 1850. Pages 385-399 PG # 22138 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 55 November 16, 1850. Pages 401-415 PG # 15216 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 56 November 23, 1850. Pages 417-431 PG # 15354 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 57 November 30, 1850. Pages 433-454 PG # 15405 </p> +</div> + +<div class="tnbox2"> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 58 December 7, 1850. Pages 457-470 PG # 21503 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 59 December 14, 1850. Pages 473-486 PG # 15427 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 60 December 21, 1850. Pages 489-502 PG # 24803 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 61 December 28, 1850. Pages 505-524 PG # 16404 </p> + +</div> + +<div class="tnbox2"> +<p class="noindent"> Notes and Queries Vol. III. </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol., No., Date, Year, Pages, PG # </p> + +</div> + +<div class="tnbox2"> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 62 January 4, 1851. Pages 1- 15 PG # 15638 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 63 January 11, 1851. Pages 17- 31 PG # 15639 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 64 January 18, 1851. Pages 33- 47 PG # 15640 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 65 January 25, 1851. Pages 49- 78 PG # 15641 </p> + +</div> + +<div class="tnbox2"> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 66 February 1, 1851. Pages 81- 95 PG # 22339 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 67 February 8, 1851. Pages 97-111 PG # 22625 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 68 February 15, 1851. Pages 113-127 PG # 22639 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 69 February 22, 1851. Pages 129-159 PG # 23027 </p> + +</div> + +<div class="tnbox2"> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 70 March 1, 1851. Pages 161-174 PG # 23204 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 71 March 8, 1851. Pages 177-200 PG # 23205 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 72 March 15, 1851. Pages 201-215 PG # 23212 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 73 March 22, 1851. Pages 217-231 PG # 23225 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 74 March 29, 1851. Pages 233-255 PG # 23282 </p> +</div> + +<div class="tnbox2"> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 75 April 5, 1851. Pages 257-271 PG # 23402 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 76 April 12, 1851. Pages 273-294 PG # 26896 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 77 April 19, 1851. Pages 297-311 PG # 26897 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 78 April 26, 1851. Pages 313-342 PG # 26898 </p> +</div> + +<div class="tnbox2"> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 79 May 3, 1851. Pages 345-359 PG # 26899 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 80 May 10, 1851. Pages 361-382 PG # 32495 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 81 May 17, 1851. Pages 385-399 PG # 29318 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 82 May 24, 1851. Pages 401-415 PG # 28311 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 83 May 31, 1851. Pages 417-440 PG # 36835 </p> +</div> + +<div class="tnbox2"> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 84 June 7, 1851. Pages 441-472 PG # 37379 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 85 June 14, 1851. Pages 473-488 PG # 37403 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 86 June 21, 1851. Pages 489-511 PG # 37496 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 87 June 28, 1851. Pages 513-528 PG # 37516 </p> +</div> + + +<div class="tnbox2"> + +<p class="noindent"> Notes and Queries Vol. IV. </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol., No., Date, Year, Pages, PG # </p> + +</div> + +<div class="tnbox2"> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 88 July 5, 1851. Pages 1- 15 PG # 37548 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 89 July 12, 1851. Pages 17- 31 PG # 37568 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 90 July 19, 1851. Pages 33- 47 PG # 37593 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 91 July 26, 1851. Pages 49- 79 PG # 37778 </p> + +</div> + +<div class="tnbox2"> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 92 August 2, 1851. Pages 81- 94 PG # 38324 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 93 August 9, 1851. Pages 97-112 PG # 38337 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 94 August 16, 1851. Pages 113-127 PG # 38350 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 95 August 23, 1851. Pages 129-144 PG # 38386 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 96 August 30, 1851. Pages 145-167 PG # 38405 </p> + +</div> + +<div class="tnbox2"> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 97 September 6, 1851. Pages 169-183 PG # 38433 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 98 September 13, 1851. Pages 185-200 PG # 38491 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 99 September 20, 1851. Pages 201-216 PG # 38574 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 100 September 27, 1851. Pages 217-246 PG # 38656 </p> + +</div> + +<div class="tnbox2"> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 101 October 4, 1851. Pages 249-264 PG # 38701 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 102 October 11, 1851. Pages 265-287 PG # 38773 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 103 October 18, 1851. Pages 289-303 PG # 38864 </p> +<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 104 October 25, 1851. Pages 305-333 PG # 38926 </p> + +</div> + +<div class="tnbox2"> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 105 November 1, 1851. Pages 337-359 PG # 39076 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 106 November 8, 1851. Pages 361-374 PG # 39091 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 107 November 15, 1851. Pages 377-396 PG # 39135 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 108 November 22, 1851. Pages 401-414 PG # 39197 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 109 November 29, 1851. Pages 417-430 PG # 39233 </p> + +</div> + + +<div class="tnbox2"> + +<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 110 December 6, 1851. Pages 433-460 PG # 39338 </p> + +</div> + + + +<div class="tnbox2"> +<p class="noindent"> Vol I. Index. [Nov. 1849-May 1850] PG # 13536 </p> +<p class="noindent"> INDEX TO THE SECOND VOLUME. MAY-DEC., 1850 PG # 13571 </p> + +<p class="noindent"> INDEX TO THE THIRD VOLUME. JAN.-JUNE, 1851 PG # 26770 </p> + </div> + + + + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number +111, December 13, 1851, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, DEC 13, 1851 *** + +***** This file should be named 39393-h.htm or 39393-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/3/9/3/9/39393/ + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This +file was produced from images generously made available +by The Internet Library of Early Journals.) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number 111, December 13, 1851 + A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, + Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc. + +Author: Various + +Editor: George Bell + +Release Date: April 6, 2012 [EBook #39393] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, DEC 13, 1851 *** + + + + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This +file was produced from images generously made available +by The Internet Library of Early Journals.) + + + + + +[Transcriber's note: Characters with macrons have been marked in +brackets with an equal sign, as [=e] for a letter e with a macron on +top. Underscores have been used to indicate _italic_ fonts; equal signs +indicate =bold= fonts. Original spelling variations have not been +standardized. A list of volumes and pages in "Notes and Queries" has +been added at the end.] + + + + +NOTES AND QUERIES: + +A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION + +FOR + +LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC. + +"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE. + +VOL. IV.--No. 111. SATURDAY, DECEMBER 13. 1851. + +Price Threepence. Stamped Edition 4_d._ + + + + +CONTENTS. + + Page + + + NOTES:-- + + Cowley and Gray. No. III. 465 + + Old Song: The Cuckold's Cap, by J. R. Relton 468 + + The Gododin, by Thomas Stephens 468 + + Folk Lore:--Lincolnshire Folk Lore 470 + + Minor Notes:--Modern Greek Names of Places--"There + is no mistake"--Remarkable Prophecy--The Ball that + killed Nelson--Gypsies 470 + + QUERIES:-- + + Dial Motto at Karlsbad 471 + + Suppressed Epilogue by Dryden, by Henry Campkin 472 + + Minor Queries:--Barrister--Indian Jugglers--Priory + of Hertford--Jacobus Creusius (or Crucius)--Clekit + House--Ballad on the Rising of the Vendee--Stanza on + Spenser's "Shepherd's Calendar"--Prophecy respecting + 1837--Lines on the Bible--En bon et poyer--"England + expects every man," &c.--Religious Houses in East + Sussex--Parish Registers, Right of Search, Fees + claimable--Bacon a Poet--Tregonwell Frampton--Weever + and Fuller; their Autographs wanted--Is the Badger + Amphibious? 472 + + MINOR QUERIES ANSWERED:--Royal Registers--Paul + Hoste--"Liber Mirabilis"--Saint Richard, King of + England--Saint Irene or St. Erini 474 + + REPLIES:-- + + Cockney 475 + + Replies to Minor Queries:--The Word Infortuner--Foreign + Ambassadors--Petition for the Recall from Spain of the + Duke of Wellington 476 + + MISCELLANEOUS:-- + + Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &c. 477 + + Books and Odd Volumes wanted 478 + + Notices to Correspondents 478 + + Advertisements 478 + + + + +Notes. + + +COWLEY AND GRAY, NO. III. + +Before again recurring to Gray's partiality for the poems of Cowley, I +will make a remark or two on Mr. Wakefield's edition of Gray. + +In his delightful "Ode to Adversity" Gray has written: + + "Daughter of Jove, relentless power, + Thou tamer of the human breast, + Whose _iron scourge, and tort'ring hour_, + The bad affright, afflict the best." + +Upon which Wakefield gives us this brilliant criticism: + + "'Torturing hour.' There seems to be some little impropriety and + incongruity in this. _Consistency_ of figure rather required some + _material_ image, like _iron scourge_ and _adamantine chain_." + +Afterwards he seems to speak diffidently of his own judgment, which is +rather an unusual thing in Mr. Wakefield. Well would it have been for +the reputations of Bentley, Johnson, and Wakefield, that, before +improving upon Milton and Gray and Collins, they had remembered the +words of a truly great critic, even Horace himself: + + "Sunt delicta tamen quibus ignovisse velimus: + Nam neque chorda sonum reddit quem vult manus et mens, + Poscentique gravem persaepe remittit acutum; + Nec semper feriet quodcunque minabitur arcus. + _Verum ubi plura nitent in carmine, non ego paucis + Offendar maculis, quas aut incuria fudit, + Aut humana parum cavit natura._" + + _Epist. ad Pisones_, 347. + +Not by any means that I am allowing in this case the existence of a +"macula," or an "incuria" either. To D'Israeli's _Curiosities of +Literature_ I think I am indebted for the remark, that Gray borrowed the +expressions from Milton: + + "When the _scourge_ + Inexorably, and _the torturing hour_ + Calls us to penance." + + _Par. Lost_, lib. ii. 90. + +It is therefore with Milton, and not with Gray, that Mr. Wakefield must +settle the matter. And in proof of my earnest sympathies with him during +the very unequal contest, I will console him with "proprieties," +"congruities," "consistencies of figure," and "material images," enough. + + "The lifted axe, the agonizing wheel, + Luke's iron crown, and Damien's bed of steel." + + Goldsmith's _Traveller_, ad finem. + +Or better for this purpose still: + + "Swords, daggers, bodkins, bearded arrows, spears, + Nails, pincers, crosses, gibbets, hurdles, ropes, + Tallons of griffins, paws and teeth of bears, + Tigre's and lyon's mouths, not iron hoops, + Racks, wheels, and trappados, brazen cauldrons which + Boiled with oil, huge tuns which flam'd with pitch." + + Beaumonts's _Psyche_, cant. XXII. v. 69. p. 330. + Cambridge, 1702. Folio. + +"Torturing hour" is used by Campbell in his _Pleasures of Hope_, Part +I.: + + "The martyr smiled beneath avenging power, + And braved the tyrant in his _torturing hour._" + +And, indeed, "sweetest Shakspeare, Fancy's child," had used it before +any of them: + + "Is there no play, to ease the anguish of a torturing hour." + + _Midsummer Night's Dream_, Act V. Sc. 1. + +Again, Gray writes in his truly sublime ode, "The Bard:" + + "On a rock, whose haughty brow + Frowns o'er old Conway's foaming flood, + Robed in the sable garb of woe, + With haggard eyes the poet _stood_, + (Loose his beard, and hoary hair + Stream'd, like a meteor, to the troubled air), + And with a master's hand, and prophet's fire, + Struck the deep sorrows of his lyre." + +Ordinary readers would have innocently supposed the above "pictured" +passage beyond all praise or criticism. "At non infelix" Wakefield: + + "A falcon, tow'ring in her pride of place, + Was by a mousing owl hawk'd at and kill'd." + + _Macbeth._ + +I must give his note as it stands, for I question whether the whole +range of verbal criticism could produce anything more ludicrous: + + "I wish Mr. Gray could have introduced a more poetical expression, + than the inactive term _stood_, into this fine passage: as + Shakspeare has, for instance, in his description of _Dover cliff_: + + 'Half way down + _Hangs_ one, that gathers samphire; dreadful trade!' + + _King Lear_, Act IV. Sc. 6. + + "Which is the same happy picture as that of Virgil: + + "'Dumosa _pendere_ procul de rupe videbo.' + + _Ecl._ I. 77." + +He might, when his hand was in, have adduced other passages also from +Virgil, _e.g._: + + "Imminet in rivi praestantis imaginis undam." + + _Culex_, 66. + +However, with all due respect for Mr. Wakefield's "happy pictures," I do +not see anything left, but his eyebrows, for the luckless bard to _hang +by_! He could not have _hung_ by his _hair_, which "stream'd like a +meteor to the troubled air;" nor yet by his _hands_, which "swept the +deep sorrows of his lyre." Besides, there can scarcely be more opposite +pictures than that of a man gathering samphire, or kids browsing, +amongst beetling rocks; and the commanding and awe-inspiring position in +which Gray ingeniously places his bard. The expressions chosen by +Virgil, Shakspeare, and Gray were each peculiarly suitable to the +particular objects in view. If Gray was thinking of Milton, as I +intimated in a former letter, he may have still kept him in mind: + + "Incens'd with indignation, Satan _stood_ + Unterrify'd, and like a comet burn'd, + That fires the length of Ophiuchus huge + In the Arctic sky, and from his horrid hair + Shakes pestilence and war." + + _Par. Lost_, lib. ii. 706. + +Or again: + + "On th' other side, Satan, alarm'd, + _Collecting all his might dilated stood_, + Like Teneriff or Atlas unremov'd: + His stature reach'd the sky, and on his crest + Sat Horror plum'd; nor wanted in his grasp + What seem'd both spear and shield." + + _Par. Lost_, lib. iv. 985. + +It would be easy to adduce similar instances from the ancient sources, +but I will only mention from Milton an illustration of the [Greek: +systrepsas] of Demosthenes, and of the passionate abruptness with which +Gray commences "The Bard:" + + "As when of old some orator renown'd + In Athens or free Rome, where eloquence + Flourish'd, since mute, to some great cause addressed + _Stood in himself collected_, while each part, + Motion, each act won audience ere the tongue, + _Sometimes in height began, as no delay + Of preface brooking through his zeal of right_." + + _Par. Lost_, lib. ix. 670. + +Wakefield's hypercritical fastidiousness would have completely defeated +the intentions of Gray. His "Bard" had a mission to fulfil which could +not have been fulfilled by one suspended like king Solomon, in the +ancient Jewish traditions, or like Mahomet's coffin, mid-way between +heaven and earth. His cry was [Greek: dos pou sto], and the poet heard +him. And thus, from his majestic position, was not-- + + "Every burning word he spoke + Full of rage and full of grief?" + +In the full blaze of poetic phrensy, he flashes out at once with the +awfully grand and terrible exordium: + + "Ruin seize thee, ruthless king! + Confusion on thy banners wait! + Tho' fann'd by conquest's crimson wing, + They mock the air with idle state. + Helm, nor hauberk's twisted mail, + Nor e'en thy virtues, Tyrant, shall avail + To save thy secret soul from nightly fears, + From Cambria's curse, from Cambria's tears." + +Collins thus describes the passion of _anger_: + + "Next Anger rush'd;--his eyes on fire, + In lightnings own'd his secret stings: + In one rude clash he struck the lyre, + And swept with flurried hand the strings." + +Word-painting can go no farther. When, however, he comes to +_melancholy_, in lines which contain more suggestive beauty, as well as +more poetic _inspiration_, than perhaps any others of the same length +in the English language, how does he sing? + + "With eyes upraised, as one inspired, + Pale Melancholy _sate_ retired; + And, from her wild sequester'd seat, + In notes, by distance made more sweet, + Pour'd thro' the mellow horn her pensive soul: + And, dashing soft from rocks around, + Bubbling runnels join'd the sound; + Through glades and glooms the mingled measure stole, + Or o'er some haunted stream with fond delay, + Round a holy calm diffusing, + Love of peace, and lonely musing, + In hollow murmurs died away." + + _Ode on the Passions._ + +This is the concentrated essence of poetry. Surely Gray had _forgotten_ +Collins when he penned the beautiful lines: + + "But not to one in this benighted age, + Is that diviner inspiration given, + That burns in Shakspeare's or in Milton's page, + The pomp and prodigality of heaven, + As when conspiring in the diamond's blaze, + The meaner gems, that singly charm the sight, + Together dart their intermingled rays, + And dazzle with a luxury of light." + + _Stanzas to Mr. Bentley._ + +From a memorandum made by Gray himself, it is evident that he once had +contemplated placing his "Bard" in a _sitting_ posture; but I cannot but +rejoice that he altered his mind, for such breath-taking words could +never have been uttered in so composed and contented a posture. I give +part of it from Mr. Mason's edition: + + "The army of Edward I., as they marched through a deep valley, are + suddenly stopped by the appearance of a venerable figure, _seated_ + on the summit of an inaccessible rock; who, with a voice more than + human, reproaches the king with all the misery and desolation he + had brought on his country, &c., &c. His song ended, he + precipitates himself from the mountain, and is swallowed up by the + river that rolls at its foot."--Vol. i. p. 73. Lond. 1807. + +The last two lines of the passage before us-- + + "And with a master's hand, and prophet's fire, + _Struck the deep sorrows of his lyre_"-- + +remind us in some degree of Cowley: + + "Sic cecinit sanctus _vates_, digitosque volantes + Innumeris per fila modis trepidantia movit, + _Intimaque elicuit Medici miracula plectri_." + + _Davideidos_, lib. i. p. 13. + +Again: + + "Dear as the _light that visits these sad eyes_." + + Gray, _The Bard_. + + "Namque _oculis plus illa suis, plus lumine coeli + Dilexit_." + + _Davideidos_, lib. i. p. 14. + +And-- + + "The Attick warbler pours her _throat_." + + _Ode to Spring._ + + "Tum magnum tenui cecinerunt _gutture_ Numen." + + _Davideidos_, lib. i. p. 20. + +Also-- + + "The hues of bliss more brightly glow, + _Chastis'd_ by sabler tints of woe; + And blended form with artful strife, + The strength and harmony of life." + + Gray, _On the Pleasure arising from Vicissitude_. + +The word _chastised_ is similarly used by Cowley: + + "From Saul his growth, and manly strength he took, + _Chastised_ by bright Ahinoam's gentler look." + + _Davideidos_, lib. iv. p. 133. + +The _idea_ of the whole passage may be found in Pope: + + "Love, Hope, and Joy, fair Pleasure's smiling train; + Hate, Fear, and Grief, the family of Pain; + These mix'd with art, and to due bounds confin'd, + Make and maintain the balance of the mind; + _The lights and shades, whose well accorded strife, + Gives all the strength and colour of our life_." + + _Essay on Man_, Epist. II. + +Again: + + "Amazement in his van with Flight combin'd, + And Sorrow's faded form, and Solitude behind." + + Gray, _The Bard_. + + "Victorious arms thro' Ammon's land it bore, + Ruin behind, and terror march'd before." + + _Davideidos_, lib. iv. p. 135. + +Wakefield mentions some parallel passages, but omits the best of all: + + "A fire devoureth before them; and behind them a flame burneth: + the land is as the garden of Eden before them, and behind them a + desolate wilderness; Yea, and nothing shall escape them."--Joel, + ii. 3. + +In the "Ode on the Installation" Gray says: + + "Their tears, their little triumphs o'er + Their _human passions_ now no more." + +Wakefield dwells enraptured on the expression _human passions_. Cowley +speaks of "_humana quies_" (_Davideidos_, lib. i. p. 3.). Horace says: + + "---- Carminibus quae versant atque venenis + _Humanos animos_."--_Sat._ viii. 19. lib. i. + +_Human passions_ is not, however, a _creation_ of Gray's; for, if not +anywhere else, he might have found the words very often in the writings +of William Law, as vigorous a prose writer as England can boast of since +the days of Dr. South. See his _answer_ to Dr. Trapp's _Not Righteous +overmuch_, p. 62., Lond. 1741; and his _Serious Call_, cap. xii. p. +137., and cap. xxi. p. 293., Lond. 1816. + +To mention its use by modern writers would be endless. I selected these +few passages on reading Mr. Wakefield's laudations, for otherwise I +should not perhaps have remarked the words as unusual. Wakefield adduces +from Pope's _Eloisa to Abelard_: + + "One _human tear_ shall drop, and be forgiven." + +"Noble rage," Gray's _Elegy_. "Noble rage," Cowley's _Davideidos_, lib. +iv. p. 137. Again, in the _Elegy_: + + "Save that from yonder ivy-mantled tower + The mopeing owl does to the moon complain + Of such as, wand'ring near her secret bower, + _Molest her ancient solitary reign_." + +Cowley, in describing the palace of Lucifer, has some fine sentences; +and amongst them: + + "Non hic gemmatis stillantia sidera guttis + _Impugnant saevae jus inviolabile noctis_." + + _Davideidos_, lib. i. p. 3. + +And in English: + + "No gentle stars with their fair gems of light, + _Offend the tyrannous and unquestion'd night_." + + _Davideidos_, lib. i. p. 6. + +Akenside constantly used the adjective _human_ in different +conjunctions. + + RT. + + Warmington. + + +OLD SONG: THE CUCKOLD'S CAP. + +The following song I never saw in print. I knew an old lady, who fifty +years ago used to sing it. Is it known? + + Near Reading there lived a buxom young dame, + The wife of a miller, and Joan was her name; + And she had a hen of a wondrous size, + The like you never beheld with your eyes: + It had a red head, gay wings, yellow legs, + And every year laid her a bushel of eggs, + Which made her resolve for to set it with speed, + Because she'd a mind to have more of the breed. + + Now as she was setting her hen on a day, + A shepherd came by, and thus he did say: + "Oh, what are you doing?" She answered him then, + "I'm going to set my miraculous hen." + "O, Joan," said the shepherd, "to keep your eggs warm, + And that they may prosper and come to no harm, + You must set them all in a large cuckold's cap, + And then all your chickens will come to good hap." + + "O, I have no cuckold's cap, shepherd," said she, + "But nevertheless I'll be ruled by thee; + For this very moment I'll trudge up and down, + And borrow one, if there be one in the town." + So she went to the baker's, and thus she did say: + "O, lend me a cuckold's cap, neighbour, I pray, + For I'm going to set my miraculous hen, + And when that I've done with't, I'll bring it again." + + The baker's wife answered, and thus she replied: + "Had I got such a thing, you should not be denied; + But these nineteen or twenty years I have been wed, + And my husband ne'er had such a cap to his head. + But go to my cousin, who lives at the mill, + I know she had one, and she may have it still; + Tell her I sent you, she'll lend it, I know." + "Thank ye," says Joan, and away she did go. + + So, straight to the house of the miller she went, + And told her that she by her cousin was sent, + To borrow a thing which was wondrous rare, + 'Twas a large cuckold's cap, which her husband did wear. + "I do not dispute but such things there may be; + But why should my cousin, pray, send you to me? + For these nineteen or twenty years I've been a wife, + And my husband ne'er had such a cap in his life. + + "But go to the quaker who lives at the Swan, + I know she had one, and if 'tisn't gone, + Tell her to lend it to you for my sake, + Which I the same for a great favour shall take." + So she went to the house of old Yea and Nay, + And said to his wife, who was buxom and gay, + "I'm come for to borrow, if that you will lend, + A large cuckold's cap: I was sent by a friend." + + The quaker's wife answered and said, with a frown, + "Why, I've no such thing, if thou'dst give me a crown; + Besides, I'd not lend it, friend Joan, if I had, + For fear it should make my old husband run mad. + In town there are many young damsels, perhaps, + Who may be ingenious in making these caps, + But as for their names, I really can't say, + So, therefore, friend Joan, excuse me, I pray." + + Now Joan being tired and weary withal, + She said, "I've had no good fortune at all. + I find that it is the beginning of sorrow, + To trudge up and down among neighbours to borrow. + A large cuckold's cap I wanted indeed, + A thing of small value, and yet couldn't speed: + But, as I'm a woman, believe me," says Joan, + "Before it be long, I'll have one of my own." + + J. R. RELTON. + + +THE GODODIN. + +This poem, though not absolutely the earliest in point of date, is the +longest of the numerous poems produced among the Kymry of the north of +England during the sixth and seventh centuries. Two translations have +already appeared in English; one by the Rev. Edward Davies, the author +of _Celtic Researches_, and the other by a gentleman named Probert. Of +these the latter, though very imperfect and extremely defective, is the +only one which an English reader should consult; the version given by +Davies is only a very ingenious misrepresentation. The poem has no more +reference to Hengist than it has to the man-in-the-moon; and GOMER +might have suspected that a version which, without rule or reason, +deprived historic personages of their reality, could not have been +correct. _Every proper name mentioned in the Gododin may be shown +without any alteration to be those of persons living between 577 and +642._ The proof of this assertion, when carefully examined, is all but +overwhelming; but here I can only cite a few of the most tangible facts. +The design of the poem is thus described by the bard himself:-- + + "O ved O vuelin, + O Gattraeth werin, + Mi a na vi Aneurin + Ys gwyr Taliesin, + Oveg cyvrenhin + Neu cheing Ododin + Cyn gwawr dydd dilin." + +These lines may be thus translated:-- + + "Of mead from the mead horn, + Of the host of Cattraeth, + I, Aneurin, will do + What is known to Taliesin, + A man of kindred disposition. + Will I not sing of what befell + Gododin, before the break of day?" + +From frequent notices in other parts of the poem, we find that the +subject is the defeat of (the Ottadini) the men of Gododin, in a battle +which took place in the year 603, near Cattraeth, which may be +identified with the Cataracton of Ptolemy, the Cataract of Bede, and the +present Catterick in Yorkshire. The men of Gododin in this campaign were +in league with the Novantae of Wigtonshire, the Britons of Strathclyde, +the Scots of Argyle, and the Picts of Fife and Perth. Of this army the +chiefs alone amounted to three hundred and sixty; but, to use the words +of the bard, "Mead brought shame on the best of armies;" and the chiefs, +on account of temporary success over a part of Ethelfrith's Northumbrian +army, spent the night in wild carousal. Overtures of peace were made to +them by Ethelfrith, and contemptuously rejected; they rushed pell-mell +to battle _before the break of day_; and the bard, seeing them falling +helplessly drunk from their horses, "drew a veil over his face and fled, +weeping on his way." I here assume that Cattraeth and Cataract are the +same place; and to cite only one of many evidences, the position of the +Ottadini in the immediate neighbourhood of Catterick, lends this view +strong confirmation. But there is here another assumption, to which I +invite the attention of English antiquaries. The _Anglo-Saxon Chronicle_ +relates the occurrence of a great battle between Ethelfrith of +Northumbria and the northern Britons in the year 603: of that battle the +site is variously named Degstan, Daegsanstane, and Egesanstane; but +antiquarian researches have not determined where Egesanstane was. Some +place it at Dawston, near Jedburg, in Scotland, and others at Dalston in +Cumberland; but all confess uncertainty. Now I assume that the place +called Egesanstane is more likely to be Siggeston, in the North Riding +of Yorkshire, which is about five or six miles east of Catterick; and +this conjecture is strongly supported by the fact that Ethelfrith in +this case was not the invader but the invaded, as it is said, "Hering, +the son of Hussa, led the enemy thither," to the dominions of +Ethelfrith, which were then but little else than the eastern coast of +Northumberland and Yorkshire. If this view be correct, our antiquaries +have hitherto been in error on this point; the site of the great battle +of 603 is no longer unknown; and Egesanstane and Cattraeth are only two +names for the same battle, just as another battle-field is variously +named the battle of Waterloo by us, and that of Mont St. Jean by the +French. + +Probert places the death of Aneurin in 570: the Gododin shows him to +have been an eyewitness of an event which took place in 642. Davies, +whose works are striking evidences of a powerful intellect completely +led astray, makes the subject to have been the reported massacre at +Stonehenge, which possibly never took place, but which he fixes in 472. +Now I have cited a passage which, referring to Taliesin as an authority, +implies that Aneurin was his junior; and Taliesin was living in 610. +Again, Davies makes an abortive attempt to get rid of the last poem of +Llywarch Hen, which shows him to have been living as late as the year +640, when most of his sons had fallen in battle. Llywarch himself was +either at the battle of Cattraeth, or assisted in organising the +campaign; for though not mentioned by Aneurin, he himself alludes to the +time "when we attacked the great-smoker-of-towns (Ethelfrith)." + +At this battle Aneurin was taken prisoner, and confined in "an earthen +house," from which he was released "by the bright sword of Cenau, the +son of Llywarch." The son of Llywarch could scarcely have been living in +472; and Davies in vain essays to get rid of this obdurate fact. This +passage in Aneurin-- + + "Under foot was gravel, + Stretched out was my leg + _In the subterranean house_, + And an iron chain + Was bound about my knees," + +shows the use of under-ground hovels to have extended far into the +historic period. + +One fact more, and this demonstration that Aneurin has been ante-dated +will be complete. The bard in three several places mentions a battle of +Mannan, in much the same way as we at this day speak of Waterloo; and it +is evident that, in the estimation of the bard and his countrymen, the +battle of Mannan was the last great event before the battle of +Cattraeth. The first of these passages is-- + + "Caeawe Cymnyviat cyvlat Erwyt + . . . . . . + Rae ergit _Cadfannan_ catwyt." + + "_Caeog_ was a conflictor with destructive pikes. + . . . . . . + He was preserved from the blows of Mannan-fight." + +_Caeog_, whom Davies converts into the adjective "adorned," was the +brother of Cynddylan, Prince of Powys (_Elegies of Llywarch Hen_, p. +70.). On the death of his brother in 577, he went to North Briton; he +escaped from the blows of Mannan, and _afterwards_ fell at Cattraeth. +Again, of a chief named Twrch it is said:-- + + "He loved the battling of spears, + At Mannan, and before Aldud the renowned." + + "Emyt af crennyt y gat waewawr + Catvannan yr Aelut clodvawr." + +Again he says of another chief:-- + + "Yn dieding . . . . . + Ac Adan Cadvannan cochre, + Veirch marchawg goddrud y more." + + "Resistless + As Aeddan of the blood-stained steeds of Mannan-fight, + He was an impetuous rider that morning." + +Here we have three separate proofs of the fact, that Cadvannan was +anterior to the battle of Cattraeth: now when and where did that take +place? In the year 582, and probably at Clackmannan, on the Firth of +Forth in Scotland. Here is my authority (_Annals of Ulster_): + + "DLXXXII. Bellum Manan, in quo victor erat Aodhan Mar Gawran." + +The battle of Cattraeth must be that of 603, at which Aeddan was also +present. + +These few annotations from a new translation of _The Gododin_ now in +MS., will, it is hoped, satisfy your correspondent GOMER that I am +justified in repeating the views of Davies. Should he wish to get a +correct text, and a judicious version of _The Gododin_, he had better +subscribe to a translation by the Rev. J. Williams (author of the +_Ecclesiastical Antiquities of the Cymry_), now about to issue from the +Llandovery press, at a very moderate price. Probert's translation is +very scarce. + +Is there no tradition of this battle at Sigston? + + THOS. STEPHENS. + + +FOLK LORE. + +_Lincolnshire Folk Lore._--The following, illustrating as it does a +superstition still very prevalent in Lincolnshire, may interest some of +your readers. I transcribed it a few days ago in the British Museum from +Holly's _Lincolnshire Notes_, vol. iii. fol. 358.:-- + + "The other I receaued from Mr. Thomas Codd, minister of Laceby in + Linc, w[=c]h he gave under his owne hand; he himself being a + native of ye place where this same happened, and it was thus: + + "At Axholme, alias Haxey, in ye Isle, one Mr. Edward Vicars + (curate to Mr. Wm. Dalby, vicar), together with one Robert + Hallywell a taylor, intending on St. Marke's even at night to + watch in ye church porch to see who shoud die in ye yeare + following (to this purpose using divers ceremonies), they + addressing themselues to the busines, Vicars (being then in his + chamber) wished Hallywell to be going before and he would + p[=s]ently follow him. Vicars fell asleep, and Hallywell + (attending his coming in ye church porch) forthwith sees certaine + shapes p[=s]nting themselves to his view, resemblances (as he + thought) of diuers of his neighbours, who he did nominate; and all + of them dyed the yeare following; and Vicars himselfe (being + asleep) his phantome was seen of him also, and dyed with ye rest. + This sight made Hallywell so agast that he looks like a Ghoast + ever since. The lord Sheffield (hearing this relation) sent for + Hallywell to receiue account of it. The fellow fearing my Lord + would cause him to watch the church porch againe he hid himselfe + in the Carrs till he was almost starued. The number of those that + died (whose phantasmes Hallywell saw) was as I take it about fower + score. + + "Tho. Cod, Rector Ecclie de Laceby." + + EDWARD PEACOCK. + + Bottesford Moors, Messingham, Kirton in Lindsey. + + +Minor Notes. + +_Modern Greek Names of Places._--It is commonly stated in books of +geography that the modern name of Athens is _Statines_. In Hennin's +_Manuel de Numismatique Ancienne_ it is stated to be _Satines_ or +_Atini_; and Mr. Akerman, in his most excellent _Numismatic Manual_, +makes the same statement. We find it stated also universally that the +modern name of Cos is _Stanco_; and this has been repeated in all maps +and charts until the recently published Admiralty Chart, No. VI. of the +Archipelago series, where it is called _Cos_. + +The origin of this and other similar blunders is curious. Athens retains +its plural termination, and is always used with the article, [Greek: hai +Athenai]. If you ask a peasant walking from the Piraeus whither he is +going, he will answer you, [Greek: Eis tas Athenas], but will rapidly +enunciate it as follows, [Greek: 's't'sAthenas], whence _Statines_, +lately reduced to _Satines_. + +I am surprised that Cos was not set down as _Stinco_ rather than +_Stanco_, for if you hail a Coan vessel, and ask whither it is bound, +the [Greek: karaboukyri], or skiff-master, would certainly reply [Greek: +sten Ko], if Cos were his destination. + +I find that both M. Hennin and Mr. Akerman assert that Thebes is now +called _Stives_. I conversed with a noble-looking youth on the ruins of +Eleusis, and asking him from what part of the country he came, I shall +not easily forget the stately dignity with which he tossed his capote +over his shoulder, and answered [Greek: eimi Thebaios]--I am a Theban. +The bold Boeotian would have stared in amazement had I spoken to him of +_Stives_, although, if homeward-bound, he would have said he was going +[Greek: 's tas Thebas]. + +The Turks have made Istambol or Stamboul out of [Greek: sten polin]; and +we may, perhaps, hear from our friends, the Nepaulese ambassadors, that +the capital of England is called _Tolondon_, and that of France _Apari_. + + L. H. J. T. + +"_There is no mistake._"--The Duke of Wellington's reply to Mr. +Huskisson, "There is no mistake," has become familiar in the mouths of +both those who remember the political circumstances that gave rise to +it, and those who have received it traditionally, without inquiring into +the origin of it. You may perhaps think it worthy of a "Note" that this +was not the first occasion on which the Duke used those celebrated +words. The Duke (then Earl of Wellington) in a private letter to Lord +Bathurst, dated Flores de Avila, 24th July, 1812, writes in the +following easy style: + + "I hope that you will be pleased with _our_ battle, of which the + dispatch contains as accurate an account as I can give you. _There + was no mistake_, everything went on as it ought; and there never + was an army so beaten in so short a time." + +The whole letter is well deserving of insertion; but my object is simply +to draw attention to the occasion on which the Duke first used the +sentence now so well known. + + F. W. J. + +_Remarkable Prophecy._--The following prediction of St. Caesario, Bishop +of Arles, in the year 542, may not be considered void of interest at the +present moment. It is taken from a book, entitled _Liber Mirabilis_, +printed in Gothic characters, and deposited in the Royal Library, +Paris:-- + + "The administration of the kingdom, France, will be so blended, + that they shall leave it without defenders. The hand of God shall + extend itself over them, and over all rich; all the nobles shall + be deprived of their estates and dignity; a division shall spring + up in the church of God, and there shall be two husbands, the one + true, and the other adulterous. The legitimate husband shall be + put to flight; there shall be great carnage, and as great a + profusion of blood as in the day of the Gentiles. The universal + church and the whole world shall deplore the ruin and destruction + of a most celebrated city, the capital and mistress of France. The + altars of the temple shall be destroyed, the holy virgins outraged + shall fly from their seats, and the whole church shall be stripped + of her temporal gods; but at length the black eagle and the lion + shall appear hovering from far countries. Misery to thee, O city + of philosophy! thou shalt be subjected! A captive humbled even to + confusion, shall at last receive his crown, and destroy the + children of Brutus." + + ALPHA. + +_The Ball that killed Nelson_ (Vol. iv., p. 174.).-- + + "The musket-ball that killed Nelson is now in the possession of + the Rev. F. W. Baker, of Bathwick, near Bath. A considerable + portion of the gold lace, pad, and silk cord of the epaulette, + with a piece of coat, were found attached to it. The gold lace was + as firmly fixed as if it had been inserted into the metal while in + a state of fusion. The ball, together with the lace, &c., was + mounted in crystal and silver, and presented by Captain Hardy to + the late Sir William Beattie, the surgeon of the Victory." + +I have extracted this from the _Illustrated London News_, First Number. +If this relic be now in the possession of Prince Albert, I presume it +became his by purchase or presentation from the above-named gentleman. + + BLOWEN. + +_Gypsies._--The Indian origin of the numerals of this people is evident +from the following comparison: + + Sanscrit. Hungarian Spanish + Gypsy. Gitano. + 1. eka jek yeque + 2. dwaou dui dui + 3. traya trin trin + 4. tchatouara schtar estar + 5. panyntcha pansch pansche + 6. chach tschov job + 7. sapta efta hefta + 8. achtaou ochto otor + 9. nava enija esnia + 10. dasa doesch deque + +The Sanscrit must be read with a French pronunciation, being from +Balbi's _Atlas Ethnographique_; the Hungarian Gypsy as German, and the +last as Spanish; the two latter are from Borrow's _Zuicali_, vol. ii. p. +118. + + T. J. BUCKTON. + + Lichfield. + + + + +Queries. + + +DIAL MOTTO AT KARLSBAD. + +The inclosed inscription was brought over for me from Karlsbad by the +late Lord Chief Justice Tindal. Can any one throw light upon the capital +letters? I give it copied exactly from Sir Nicholas Tindal's writing, +with his observation beneath, and may safely venture to warrant _his_ +accuracy. It might be supposed to be a chronogram, but for the +introduction of the letter "E." + + "_Motto from a Dial formed on the two Sides of the Angle of a + House at Karlsbad._ + + "'Hora Hor[I]s [CE]d[I]t, pere[V]nt s[IC] Te[M]pora nob[I]s, + [V]t t[I]b[I] f[I]nal[I]s s[I]t bona, [VIV]e bene.' + + "The letters which are written in capitals were so in the original + inscription, and were coloured red: probably the anagram of some + one's name is concealed under them." + +Having been a collector of existing dial mottoes for many years, I shall +feel greatly obliged to any of your correspondents who will inform me +of remarkable ones in their own neighborhood. + +There are four--one in English, one in Latin, one in Greek, and one in +Hebrew--on the keep of Carlisle Castle; but though I possess the three +former, I have not the last, and should be very glad to obtain it, if +possible. + +There is a motto at Bonneville in Switzerland, as I have been told: + + "Soli Soli Soli." + +What can be the interpretation thereof? + +Of course I am acquainted with Leadbetter's _Art of Dialling_, and the +curious list of mottoes he gives, together with the still more curious +translations of the same; as _e.g._ + + "Aut Caesar, aut nullus." + (I shine, or shroud!) + +Or-- + + "Sic transit gloria mundi:" + (So marches the god of day!!) + +But what I want is, mottoes from dials actually in existence. + + HERMES. + + +SUPPRESSED EPILOGUE BY DRYDEN. + +Mr. Payne Collier communicates to the _Athenaeum_ of the 22nd November, +1851, an interesting letter relative to an unspoken epilogue to Dryden, +and Nat Lee's famous tragedy of _The Duke of Guise_. This rare +composition, entitled "Another Epilogue intended to have been spoken to +the Play before it was forbidden last Summer, written by Mr. Dryden," +occurs in conjunction with the Prologue and Epilogue which were actually +spoken, upon a separate sheet of foolscap; in which shape, as Mr. +Collier informs us, they were often printed for sale at the playhouse +doors. Mr. Collier's acceptable communication suggests a Query or two. +At the end of my copy of this play, the 4to. edit. of 1687, is the +following + + "ADVERTISEMENT. + + "There was a Preface intended to this play, in vindication of it, + against two scurrilous libels lately printed. But it was judged, + that a defence of this nature would require more room than a + preface would reasonably allow. For this cause, and for the + importunity of the stationers, who hastened their impression, 'tis + deferred for some little time, and will be printed by itself. Most + men are already of opinion that neither of the pamphlets deserve + an answer, because they are stuffed with open falsities, and + sometimes contradict each other; but, for once, they shall have a + day or two thrown away upon them, tho' I break an old custom for + their sakes, which was to scorn them." + +Was this threatened preface ever issued? Are the "two scurrilous libels" +here spoken of so scornfully, known to be in existence? + +The new-found Epilogue belongs as much to the political as to the +dramatic history of those troublous times; and let us hope, _maugre_ the +unfortunate coarseness of the school to which it belongs, that Mr. +Collier will some day present us with a reprint of it _in toto_, +accompanied by the above noted preface, if it exist. There is ample +matter, as the pages of "NOTES AND QUERIES" have lately shown, for a new +volume of Dryden Miscellanies. + + HENRY CAMPKIN. + + +Minor Queries. + +332. _Barrister._--Can any of your correspondents refer me to the etymon +of this name, given to a vocation attached to our English courts of law? +I can find none even in the comprehensive _Etymological Dictionary_ of +Nat. Bailey, unless, indeed, by dividing the word into two portions, +viz. "bar" and "rister," and then, with a little of the critic's +license, assuming that the latter half might originally have been +written "roister." But as this analysis would _render_ it so little +characteristic of the class so named, and would strongly imply that some +portion at least of that distinguished body was once viewed as the +"roisters," _i.e._ "bullies and blusterers," of that division of our +courts called "the Bar," it is evident that we cannot reasonably look +for the derivation of the latter part of the word from that source. But +still, as there may be those who are inclined, in spite of these cogent +objections, to doubt whether this may be its true etymon; and it is fit +that any such lurking and slanderous suspicion should be dispelled from +every sceptic mind, some one of your curious and learned correspondents, +anxious to effect it, will, perhaps, tax his etymological skill to the +suggestion of a less offensive, and more just and appropriate +derivation, than "Bar-roister." + + W. Y. + +333. _Indian Jugglers._--Can any of your readers favour me with +references to any works containing an account of the trick practised by +jugglers in the East Indies, and known there by the name of "growing a +mango?" In performing this trick a seed is planted in a pot or basket of +earth, which is then covered up from the sight by a cloth or other wire; +in a little time this is removed, and the seed is seen to have +germinated, and its growth is similarly shown in successive stages, the +last of which exhibits the plant in fruit. Hundreds of Europeans have +seen the trick, but I have never heard of any one who was able to detect +the successive substitutions in which it obviously consists. I do not at +present recollect the name of any author who takes any notice of it. + + N. + +334. _Priory of Hertford._--The Priory of Hertford was founded by Ralph +de Limesey and his wife Hadewise, some time after the Conquest. Can any +of your antiquarian correspondents inform me in what year this took +place? + +The Rev. DR. ROCK had the politeness to answer my Query respecting the +Abbot Eustacius; perhaps he could oblige me by solving the present one. + + J. L. + +335. _Jacobus Creusius_ (_or Crucius_).--_Jacobi Creusii Theologi et +Medici, Frisii, Victimas Humanas._ I should be greatly obliged by any +information respecting the author, or the book, which I find so +mentioned in a MS. of 1677. + + S. W. RIX. + + Beccles. + +336. _Clekit House._--In the will of John Buttery of Bury, 1557, is this +item: + + "My capitall mesuage, with the maltinge house and the tenement + called Banyards, with all the gardaines, yards, and close, to them + belonginge,--except the ij tenements called the _Clekit_ House." + +What is the meaning of _Clekit_? In the E.-Anglian dialect, _clicket_ is +"to chatter." Phillips has "CLICKET, the knocker of a door, but Chaucer +uses it for a key." + + BURIENSIS. + +337. _Ballad on the Rising of the Vendee._--Who is the author of a +modern ballad on the Rising of the Vendee, of which the last lines are-- + + "We crush'd, like ripen grapes, Montreuil, we tore + down old Vetier-- + We charged them with our naked breasts, and took them + with a cheer-- + We'll hunt the robbers through the land, from Seine to + sparkling Rhone. + Now 'Here's a health to all we love: our King shall + have his own!'" + + D. B. J. + +338. _Stanza on Spenser's "Shepherd's Calender."_--In some of the early +quarto editions of Spenser, in the "Shepherd's Calender," June, there is +a stanza which in almost all the subsequent folio editions is omitted. I +shall be much obliged for any information as to when and why it was left +out; in the copies in which it appears it is the twelfth stanza, and is +as follows:-- + + "Now dead he is, and lieth wrapt in led, + (O why should death on him such outrage show?) + And all his passing skill with him is fled, + The fame whereof doth daily greater grow; + But if on me some little drops would flow + Of that the spring was in his learned head, + I soon should learn these words to wail my woe, + And teach the trees their trickling tears to shed." + +The last line is a good specimen of alliteration. + + E. N. W. + + Southwark, Nov. 17. 1851. + +339. _Prophecy respecting 1837._--I remember seeing in the year 1837, I +think in one of the morning papers, the following lines, which were +said, as far as my memory serves me, to have been taken from an old +almanac, in which they were prophetical of what should happen in the +above-named year:-- + + "By the power to see through the ways of Heaven, + In one thousand eight hundred and thirty-seven, + Shall the year pass away without any spring, + And on England's throne shall not sit a king." + +Can any of your readers inform me whether these lines were only composed +after the events related took place--that is, at the time the lines +appeared in the paper in which I saw them, or whether they are really to +be found in any old almanac; and if so, in what almanac, and in what +year? + + N. L. N. + + Maidstone. + +340. _Lines on the Bible._--In a small volume of Sacred Poetry, in the +possession of a friend of mine, the following lines on the Bible are +ascribed to Byron: + + "Within this awful volume lies + The mystery of mysteries; + Oh! happiest they of human race + To whom our God has given grace + To hear, to read, to fear, to pray, + To lift the latch, and force the way: + But better had they ne'er been born + Who read to doubt, or read to scorn." + +Not having met with these lines in the works of Lord Byron, can any of +your readers say whether they are his, or not, or who is the author? + + JOHN ALGOR. + + Sheffield. + +341. _En bon et poyer._--The family of Cockayne of Ashbourne, co. Derby, +used as a motto upon their seals, in the fourteenth century, the +following words, "En bon et poyer." This has been explained to mean, +"Boni est posse," or "Right is might." Can any of your readers suggest +anything to confirm or throw doubt on this interpretation? + + FRANCIS M. NICHOLS. + +342. _"England expects every man," &c._--For nearly fifty years our +countrymen have taught their children Nelson's last signal-- + + "England expects every man to do his duty." + +Such was my impression of this emphatic form of words. I am surprised to +see upon the column in Trafalgar Square, + + "England expects every man _will_ do his duty." + +Pray is there any authority for the inscription as it there stands? + + E. N. H. + +343. _Religious Houses in East Sussex._--Can any of your readers refer +me to any sources of information, printed or in manuscript, in addition +to those mentioned in the last edition of Dugdale's _Monasticon_, +respecting the following religious houses in East Sussex: _Otham_, +_Bayham_, _Michelham_, _Robertsbridge_? + + E. V. + +344. _Parish Registers--Right of Search--Fees claimable._--Considerable +attention has of late been excited with reference to the difficulties +attending the ordinary means of access to various public depositories of +documentary evidence in this country. In some of these departments, the +commencement of a welcome reform is already apparent; others, it is but +reasonable to hope, will, ere long, yield to the frank and inquisitive +spirit of the times in this respect. The present communication is +confined to a very wide, though less dignified source of official +information, viz. Parish Registers. I am sure I need not say one word to +illustrate the importance of the last-mentioned class of evidence to the +genealogist, the topographer, or the archaeological inquirer in +general,--in one word, to those who enter into the spirit of the "NOTES +AND QUERIES." I beg, therefore, to submit the following inquiries: + +1. Have the actual parishioners of a place a right to consult their own +register of baptisms, marriages, and burials, _gratuitously_? If not:-- + +2. What fee is _legally_ demandable,--and by whom,--and under what +restrictions? And-- + +3. Do the terms differ when the inquirer is not a _parishioner_? If so, +in what respect do they differ? + +These inquiries have reference to the contents of the chests kept in, or +in connection with, parochial churches and chapels, and not to those in +the custody of the modern "Registrar." I need scarcely add, that my +concern is with the strictly _legal_ rights of search, and demand of +fees; and not as to what courtesy may concede, or usage sanction. + + D. + + Rotherfield. + +345. _Bacon a Poet._--In Boswell's Journal of his _Tour to the Hebrides_ +he quotes the subjoined couplet, premising, "As Bacon says-- + + "Who then to frail mortality shall trust, + But limns the water, or but writes in dust." + +Is not _Bacon_ here a slip of the pen or press? Sir Nicholas Bacon, Lord +Bacon, and Bacon the sculptor, are the only conspicuous men of the name, +and none of them that I know wrote verses. + + R. CS. + +346. _Tregonwell Frampton._--Where can I obtain any particulars of the +life of Tregonwell Frampton, Esq., commonly called the "Father of the +Turf," who died at an advanced age about 1727-8. Reference is made to +him in the _Rambler_. + + T. R. W. + +347. _Weever and Fuller--their Autographs wanted._--Can any of your +readers direct the etcher of a portrait of Weever, where to find his +autograph, from which to make a copy to illustrate it? It is not to be +found in the British Museum. The extreme paucity of information +respecting this worthy is somewhat strange, considering the value of his +contributions to literature. In our leading biographies and cyclopaedias +his name does not occur. By-the-bye, where was he buried, and what +inscription is there on his "funeral monument?" + +An etched portrait is about to be published in the next part of the +_Antiquarian Etching Club_, of Fuller, the author of _Worthies_, _Church +History_, &c., without a copy of his signature for the same reason, +unless one should be discovered. + +It has been suggested that search made in the library of Queen's +College, Cambridge, might prove successful in both cases, from the fact +of their having both belonged to that college. Perhaps some member of +the university would kindly undertake the inquiry. + + A. E. C. + +348. _Is the Badger Amphibious?_--Turner (_Sacred History of the World_, +Letter XV. vol. i. p. 428. 4th edit. 1833) says: + + "The beaver, otter, and _badger_ are _amphibious_ creatures, but + not oviparous." + +Surely this is a mistake, and worthy of a Note? I cannot find the badger +mentioned as an _amphibious_ animal in any modern zoology. I certainly +have not by me Kerr's _Linnaeus_ to refer to, as a verification of Sharon +Turner's note on this passage. + + CHARLES PASLAM. + + +Minor Queries Answered. + +_Royal Registers._--I have nine volumes of a work published by Bew, +Paternoster Row, and which appeared from 1778 to 1784, pretending to +give sketches of the characters of public men by his Majesty. Can any of +your correspondents inform me who was the writer, and what number of +volumes were published? + + B. + + [This literary curiosity was completed in nine volumes, which are + sometimes bound in three. In 1841 Mr. H. G. Bohn advertised a copy + with all the names filled up in manuscript, the initials being no + doubt sufficiently intelligible at that time. For a notion of the + work on its first appearance, see the _Gentleman's Magazine_, vol. + xlviii. p. 130.] + +_Paul Hoste._--Paul Hoste, a Jesuit, published early in the seventeenth +century a small quarto with diagrams on "Breaking the Line," so much +discussed, as being first done in Rodney's action. If any one can give +me some account of Paul Hoste and his _scientific_ views on naval +architecture, the information will be acceptable to + + AEGROTUS. + + [See Chalmers' and Gorton's _Biographical Dictionaries_; Moreri, + _Le Grand Dictionnaire_, and _Nouveau Dictionnaire Historique, + s.v._] + +"_Liber Mirabilis._"--Can any of your readers inform me if there be a +copy of the _Liber Mirabilis_ in any library in the United Kingdom? It +contains a remarkable prediction of St. Caesario, Bishop of Arles, in the +year 542. The work is printed in Gothic characters, and there is a copy +in the Royal Library, Paris. + + CLERICUS. + + Dublin. + + [A copy is in the library of the British Museum, consisting of two + parts. Part I. is in Latin, and Part II. in French, 4to., 1523.] + +_Saint Richard, King of England._--In the Romish Calendar we find, on +the 7th February, amongst other saints, "Saint Richard, King of +England." Which of our Richards does this refer to? I have never read in +history of any of them having been canonized, nor should I have thought +any of them at all a likely candidate for that honour; but if such was +really the case, I presume that Coeur de Lion must be the man, and that +his valour in the Crusades was suffered to outweigh his many other +unsaintly qualities. + + J. S. WARDEN. + + Balica. + + [St. Richard was an English prince, in the kingdom of the West + Saxons, which it is probable he renounced that he might dedicate + himself to the pursuit of Christian perfection. About the year + 722, on his way to Rome, he died suddenly at Lucca in Italy. See + Butler's _Lives of the Saints_, Feb. 7.] + +_Saint Irene or St. Erini._--Can any of your correspondents direct me to +where information may be found regarding the Saint Irene or St. Erini, +from whom the Grecian island of Santorin takes its name? + + [Greek: S.] + + Bristol Dec. 1. 1851. + + [Irene, Empress of Constantinople, A.D. 797-802, was one of the + most extraordinary women in Byzantine history. The Greeks have + placed her among their saints, and celebrate her memory on the + 15th of August. Consult Smith's _Dictionary of Greek and Roman + Biography and Mythology_, and Gibbon's _Decline and Fall_, chap. + xlviii.] + + + + +Replies. + + +COCKNEY. + +(Vol. iv., pp. 273. 318.) + +The following passages collected from various sources, will perhaps help +to illustrate the origin and the several meanings of this word +_Cockney_:-- + +Fuller's first sense is-- + + "One coaks'd or cockered, made a wanton or nestle-cock of, + delicately bred and brought up, so that when grown men or women + they can endure no hardship, nor comport with pains taking." + + "'Tis not their fault, but our mothers', our cockering mothers, + who for their labour make us to be called _Cockneys_."--Dekker, _A + Knight's Conjuring_, 1607. + + "And when this jape is told another day + I shall be halden a daffe or a _Cokenay_." + + Chaucer, _The Reve's Tale_. + +The following extracts will show that to this first sense Fuller might +have added, _one abundantly and daintily fed:_-- + + "Unlesse it be shortly considered, and that faukons be broughte to + _a more homelye diete_, it is ryght likely, that within a shorte + space of yeares, our familiar pultry shall be as scarse, as be now + partriche and fesaunte. I speake not this in disprayse of the + faukons, but of them whiche keepeth them lyke _Cokeneys_."--Elyot, + _The Governour_, 1557. + + "Some again are in the other extreme, and draw this mischief on + their heads by too ceremonious and strict diet, being over precise + _cockney-like_, and curious in their observation of + meats."--Burton. _Anatomy of Melancholy_. + +Fuller's second sense is-- + + "One utterly ignorant of husbandry and huswifery such as is + practised in the country, so that he may be easily persuaded + anything about rural commodities, and the original thereof." + +He relates the old _cock-neigh_ story, and adds another jest of a +similar kind: + + "One merrily persuaded a she-citizen, that seeing _malt_ did not + grow, the good huswives in the country did spin it; 'I knew as + much,' said the _Cockney_, 'for one may see the threads hang out + at the ends thereof." + +Shakspeare uses the word _Cockney_ in this latter sense in _King Lear_, +Act II. Sc. 4.: + + "_Lear._ Oh me, my heart, my rising heart! But down." + + "_Fool._ Cry to it, nuncle, as the _Cockney_ did to the eels, when + she put 'em i' th' paste alive; she knapt 'em o' th' coxcombs with + a stick, and cried 'Down, wantons, down;' 'twas her brother, that + in pure kindness to his horse buttered his hay." + +_Cokeney_ was apparently used in very early times to designate _London_. +In the _Britannia_, art. "Suffolk," Hugh Bigod, a rebellious baron in +the time of Henry II., boasts thus: + + "Were I in my castle of Bungey, + Upon the river Waveney, + I would ne care for the King of _Cockeney_." + +I conceive that _Cokeney_ in this sense is derived from the Anglo-Saxon +word _cycene_, a kitchen or cooking place. Nares, however, in his +_Glossary_, says: + + "Le pais de cocagne, in French, means a country of good cheer; in + old French _coquaine_; cocagna, in Italian, has the same meaning. + Both might be derived from _coquina_. This famous country, if it + could be found, is described as a region 'where the hills were + made of sugar-candy, and the loaves ran down the hills, crying + 'Come eat me, _come eat me_.'" + +Hickes gives, in his _Anglo-Saxon Grammar_, an ancient poem, describing +the plenteous land of _Cokeney_ or _Cokaigne_: + + "Fur in see hi west Spaynge + Is a lond ihote Cocaygne + Ther nis lond under hevenriche + Of wel of goodnis hit iliche + In Cokaygne is met and drink + Withute care, how, and swink + ....... + Ther nis lac of met no cloth + ....... + Ther beth rivers gret and fine + Of oile, melk, honi and wine. + Water seruith ther to nothing + Bot to siyt and to waussing. + ....... + Ther is a wel fair abbei + Of white monkes and of grei + ....... + The gees irostid on the spitte + Fleey to that abbai, god hit wot, + And gredith 'gees al hote, al hot.'" + +Shakspeare's use of _Cockney_, in _Twelfth Night_, Act IV. Sc. 1., is +somewhat obscure; but I conceive that the Clown means to express his +opinion that the world is already replete with folly: + + "_Seb._ I prithee vent thy folly somewhere else; thou know'st + not me. + + "_Clown._ Vent my folly! He has heard that word of some great + man, and now applies it to a fool. Vent my folly! I am + afraid this great lubber, the world, will prove a + _Cockney_." + +The Clown probably intends to say, that to vent his folly to the world +will be like sending coals to Newcastle, or provisions to _Cocagne_; for +that, as regards folly, this great lubber the world will prove to be a +_Cocagne_ or _Cokeney_, _i.e._ a land of plenty. He may, however, mean +to hint, in a round-about way, that _Cockneys_, or natives of London, +are full of folly; or that the world is as well supplied with folly as a +_Cockney_ is with food. + +I do not know whether I committed a _Cockney_, a _clerical_, or a +_canonical_ error, when I wrote the name of Chaucer under the following +lines instead of the word _Cokeney_:-- + + "I have no peny, quod Pierce, polettes for to bie, + Ne neither gose ne grys, but two grene cheses, + A few curdes and creame, and an haver cake, + And two loves of beanes and branne, bake for mi folke, + And yet I say by my soule, I have no salt bacon + Ne no _Cokeney_, by Christe, coloppes to make." + + _The Vision of Pierce Plowman_, printed 1550. + + "At that fest thay wer seruyd with a ryche aray, + Every fyve and fyve had a _Cokenay_." + + _The Turnament of Tottenham._ + +The sentence for which I am responsible, p. 318., should read thus: +"_Cokeney_, in the above lines quoted by Webster, probably refers to any +substantial dish of fresh meat which might be cut in collops." I may add +that this use of the word brings it into close alliance with the +Anglo-Saxon word _cocnunga_, signifying _things cooked_, _pies_, +_puddings_, and _cock's-meat_. + +The French and Neapolitan festivals, called _cocagne_ and _cocagna_, +appear to have presented themselves in this country under the form of +Cockneys' feasts and revels conducted by the King of Cockneys. Strype, +in the first appendix to his edition of Stow's _London_, under the head +"Stepney," describes at some length "The Cockney's Feast of Stepney;" +and Dugdale, in his _Origines Juridiciales_, recapitulates an order +entered on the _Register of Lincoln's Inn_, vol. iv. fo. 81a, in the 9th +of Henry VIII.: + + "That the _King of Cockneys_ in Childermass-day should sit and + have due service, and that he and all his officers should use + honest and lawful manner and good order, without any waste of + destruction making, in wine, brawn, chely, or other victuals: as + also that he, his marshal, butler, and constable marshal, should + have their lawful and honest commandments by delivery of the + officers of Christmas: and that the said King of Cockneys, ne none + of his officers, medyll neither in the buttry nor in the Stuard of + Christmass his office--upon pain of xi's. for every such medling. + And lastly, that Jack Straw and all his adherents should be + thenceforth utterly banisht, and no more to be used in this house + upon pain to forfeit, for every time five pounds, to be levied on + every fellow hapning to offend against this rule." + +Some obliging bencher of Lincoln's Inn will perhaps have the goodness to +examine, or to permit me to examine the _Register_, to ascertain whether +this potentate was king of Cockneys, as Dugdale has it, or of Cockney. + + A LONDONER. + + +Replies to Minor Queries. + +_The Word Infortuner_ (Vol. iv., p. 328.).--J. C. W. enquires, "Is +_infortuner_ to be found in any old Dictionary?" I would state that I +have not been able to find it; but in Cockeram's _English Dictionarie_, +1639, I find "_Infortunate_, unhappy;" and in Bailey's _Dictionary_, +vol. i. 1753, "_Infortunate_, unhappy, unlucky;" "_Infortune_, +misfortune," referred to Chaucer; "_Infortunes_, an astrological term, +applied to Saturn and Mars, because of their unfortunate influences;" +"_Infortunid_, unfortunate," referred to Chaucer; and in vol. ii of +Bailey's _Dictionary_, 1727, I find "_Infortunateness_, unhappiness, +unluckiness." It is singular that Cockeram gives "infortunate" in his +first alphabet, which, he says, in his preface, "hath the _choicest_ +words now in use, wherewith our language is enriched." "Unfortunate" he +places in the second alphabet, which, he says, "contains the _vulgar_ +words." Neither Cole's _English Dictionary_, 1685, nor Blount's +_Glossographia_, 1670, nor Phillips' _World of Words_, 1678, contain the +word "unfortunate" in any of its terminations or applications. Mr. +Halliwell, in his _Dictionary of Provincial Words_, gives the word +"_Infortune_, misfortune," deriving it from the Anglo-Norman. + +Whilst referring thus to our early lexicographers, allow me to allude +to an anecdote respecting, Dr. Adam Lyttleton, who, when compiling his +Latin Dictionary, announced the verb "concurro" to his amanuensis; the +latter, imagining, from an affinity of sound, that the first two +syllables gave the English meaning of the verb, said, "_Concur_, I +suppose, sir." To which the Doctor peevishly replied, "_Concur_, +condog." The scribe wrote down what he supposed his employer dictated, +and the word "condog" was inserted, and stands as one interpretation of +"concurro" in the first edition of the Dictionary; it is, of course, +expunged from subsequent ones. I give this statement as I find it in +print. I do not vouch for its correctness, not having the first edition +of the Dictionary to refer to. Strange to say, however, "condog" was +regarded as a synonym, or rather as an equivalent to "concur," long +before the date of the first edition of Dr. Lyttleton's _Dictionary_. In +Cockeram's _Dictionarie_, before referred to, sixth edition, 1639, I +find the second alphabet, among the words which the author calls +_vulgar_, the verb "to agree" defined "Concurre, cohere, _condog_, +condiscend." Cockeram's _Dictionary_ was evidently a work of some +authority in its day; it was dedicated to Sir Richard Boyle, and reached +to, at least, a _sixth_ edition, which edition is announced in the +title-page as "revised and enlarged," and therefore "condog" did not owe +its place in it to the error of an amanuensis or transcriber. The book, +although small, contains much curious matter, to which I may, perhaps, +hereafter refer. In his "premonition to the reader," he says, "where +thou meetest with a word marked thus +, know you that it is now out of +use, and only used of some ancient writers." Among these words thus +marked as obsolete in 1639, I find, on casually opening the book, the +following, "abandon, abate, bardes, insanity." He also defines _Troy +weight_ as "a pound weight of twelve ounces, wherewith _bread_, precious +stones, gold and silver are weighed." Blount also (1670), and Cole +(1685), say bread was sold by Troy weight; the latter adds medicines to +the articles sold by that standard. Cowell, in his _Law Dictionary_ +(1708), says, "Electuaries, and medicinal things, and _brede_, are to be +weighed by Troy weight;" Bayley, in 1753, says, "Gold, silver, drugs," +&c., are weighed by Troy weight, but does not enumerate bread. Can any +of your readers inform me when bread was first directed to be sold by +Troy weight, and when it ceased to be so? + + P. T. + + Stoke Newington. + +_Foreign Ambassadors_ (Vol. iv., p. 442.).--There is a list of French +ambassadors, envoys, ministers, and other political agents at the court +of England, in the _Annuaire_ of the Societe de l'histoire de France for +1848, which is the twelfth volume of the series. The list commences in +1396, and is continued to 1830. + +I believe there is a copy of this most useful publication in the British +Museum. If so, it should appear in the _experimental_ catalogue of 1841, +under the head of ACADEMIES--EUROPE--FRANCE--PARIS--_Societe de +l'histoire de France!_ + + BOLTON CORNEY. + +_Petition for the Recall from Spain of the Duke of Wellington_ (Vol. +iv., p. 233.).--AEGROTUS asked if a copy of the petition to the above +effect from the Corporation of London to the Crown can be found, as it +is a droll historical document, which should not sink into oblivion; he +jumps at the conclusion that it does exist, but I think is mistaken. +Through the kindness of a friend who is in the Corporation, I have had +the journals searched, and have not been successful in finding any +address to the above tenor. There are abundance congratulating the +Prince Regent on the successes of the Duke, but none of censure. I have +likewise ascertained that some of the oldest servants of the City feel +quite sure that no such address was ever carried. If AEGROTUS can give me +any grounds for his belief, or anything likely to aid my inquiry, I will +renew the search. + + E. N. W. + + Southwark. + + + + +Miscellaneous. + + +NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC. + +If any doubt could exist as to the value of the _Germania_ of Tacitus, +as an invaluable contribution to the history of all the Teutonic races, +a glance at the Appendix to Klemm's _Germanische Altherthumskunde_, in +which that author has enumerated not only the best editions and +translations of the _Germania_, but also the most important +dissertations to which it has given rise, would at once dispel it. The +scholar and the antiquary of this country may therefore be congratulated +on the fact of Dr. Latham having prepared an edition of it, which has +been issued under the title of _The Germania of Tacitus, with +Ethnological Dissertations and Notes_. Although "the work," to use Dr. +Latham's own words, "is rather a commentary upon the geographical part +of the _Germania_, than on the _Germania_ itself--the purely descriptive +part relating to the customs of the early Germans being passed over +almost _sicco pede_,"--yet our readers will have no difficulty in +estimating its importance, when we inform them that the Ethnological +Dissertations and Notes which accompany the text may be said to embody +the views, (ofttimes indeed dissented from by Dr. Latham,) of Grimm and +Zeuss, and the learning with which those distinguished men have +illustrated the subject. Indeed, Dr. Latham, who sets an example of +openly acknowledging his obligations to other scholars which we should +be glad to see more generally followed, expressly states, that whether +the work before us took its present form, or that of a translation with +an elaborate commentary of Zeuss's learned and indispensable work, _Die +Deutschen und die Nachbarstaemme_, was a mere question of convenience. + +If the story that we have heard be true, namely, that one of the most +learned and active members of the episcopal bench did, at a late +clerical meeting, hold up a copy of Whitaker's _Clergyman's Diary and +Ecclesiastical Directory_, and pronounce it to be a little book so full +of useful and invaluable information as to be indispensable to every +clergyman, it is clear that the work is beyond all criticism. + +_The Family Almanack and Educational Register for 1852_, contains--in +addition to full particulars of nearly a thousand public schools, +colleges, and universities, and a list (containing upwards of a +thousand) of the principal private schools in the kingdom,--a vast +amount of miscellaneous information (including for the first time the +Statutes of the Irish University) and statistical tables, and so forms a +volume which no person interested in the great question of education can +at all do without. + +While on the subject of education, we may acknowledge the receipt of +several educational works, which we can only notice with great brevity. + +M. Merlet's _Dictionary of French Difficulties_ (which, but that the +subject is almost too grave for such a jest, we should have suggested +might very appropriately have been dedicated to the President) bears on +its title the stamp of its merit in the words "_third edition_." + +M. Falch Lebahn's _Self Instructor in German_; _Practice in German_; and +_German in One Volume_ (4th ed.), are very able attempts to facilitate +the study of that most useful language. + +The last work, containing as it does La Motte Fouque's beautiful tale of +_Undine_, with explanatory notes on all the difficult words and phrases, +and its vocabulary of 4500 words synonymous in German and English, +cannot be found otherwise than most useful. + + +BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES + +WANTED TO PURCHASE. + +SOUTHEY'S EDITION OF COWPER. Vols. X. XII. XIII. XIV. + +JOURNAL OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF DUBLIN. Vol. I. Part I. (Several +copies are wanted, and it is believed that many are lying in London or +Dublin.) + +MITFORD'S HISTORY OF GREECE. Vol. VI. Cadell, 1822. 8vo. + +WILLIS'S ARCHITECTURE OF THE MIDDLE AGES. 15_s._ will be given for a +copy. + +FLUDD (ROBERT, M.D.) _alias_ DE FLUCTIBUS, called the Searcher. Any of +his works. + +BEHMEN'S (JACOB) GENESIS. + +LAW'S APPEAL, &c. + +LAW'S APPEAL CASE OF REASON. + +HUNTER'S DEANERY OF DONCASTER. Vol. I. Large or small paper. + +CLARE'S RURAL MUSE. + +CHRISTIAN PIETY FREED FROM THE DELUSIONS OF MODERN ENTHUSIASTS. A.D. +1756 or 1757. + +AN ANSWER TO FATHER HUDDLESTONE'S SHORT AND PLAIN WAY TO THE FAITH AND +CHURCH. By Samuel Grascombe. London, 1703. 8vo. + +REASONS FOR ABROGATING THE TEST IMPOSED UPON ALL MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT. +By Samuel Parker, Lord Bishop of Oxon. 1688. 4to. + + [Star symbol] Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, + _carriage free_, to be sent to MR. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND + QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street. + + +NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS. + +"_Our correspondents will see, on very little reflection, that it is +plainly the Editor's interest to take all he can get, and make the most +and the best of every thing." Thus we spoke in our earlier numbers, and +we repeat it now as a reply to two or three communications which have +reached us during the present week. As in the management of_ "NOTES AND +QUERIES" _we can have no party to serve, no prejudices to gratify, we +beg our correspondents--more especially those who are personally unknown +to us (and to whose communications we always endeavor to give the +earliest insertion possible, because we cannot explain to them, as we +could to those to whom we are known, the reasons for delay.)--that for +the delay or non-insertion of their communications there are always what +we believe they would admit to be satisfactory reasons if they were but +acquainted with them; although, from the difficulty attendant on the +management of a work like the present, we are not able to bring those +reasons before them._ + +_Among other interesting articles which are in type, but necessarily +omitted from the present number, are_ "The Crucifix as used by the Early +Christians," _by_ SIR J. EMERSON TENNENT; "Remains of James II.;" "Wady +Mokatteb identified with Kibroth Hattavah," _by the_ Rev. M. +Margoliouth; "Legend of the Red Breast," &c. + +JARLTZBERG _is thanked. His suggestion will be carried out at the +commencement of the New Year._ + +GRUS. _Surely the inscription is not correctly copied. The first line we +should read_ "LADI, HELP!" _and the second_, "MERCY, JHESU!" + +P. M. M. _The article on_ "Deep Wells," _is omitted this week only from +want of room. The other communication is postponed for a short time._ + +W. W. R. (Oxford) _is at present the only remonstrant. We will, however, +give his suggestion our best consideration._ + +J. B. (Manchester), _who inquires respecting the family of Tonge, is +informed that his Query may be fully answered by a reference to_ vol. +xiii. _of the Rev. Canon Raine's_ Lancashire MSS. + +W. L. (Hitchin) _will find articles on_ "Vegetating Insects" _in our_ +3rd Vol. pp. 166, 398, 436. + +LONG'S ASTRONOMY _has been reported, and may be had by applying to our +Publisher._ + +_Full price will be given for clean copies of_ No. 19. _upon application +to our Publisher._ + +REPLIES RECEIVED.--_Derivation of London--General Moyle--Cavalcade, +&c.--Races in which Children are named after the Mother--Schola +Cordis--Voltaire--Cagots--Carmagnoles--Use of +Tobacco--Pigeons--Inscription on Spectacles--Talented--Latin verse on +Franklin--Warnings to Scotland--Suicides--Earwig--Johannes +Trithemius--Share of Presbyters, &c.--Countess of Desmond--Proverbial +Philosophy--Crosses and Crucifixes--Theodolite--Mitigation of Capital +Punishment--Milesian--Truth--Verses in Prose--Cabal--Jocelyns' +Legacy--San Grail--Curious Tenure--Boiling to Death--Arbor Lowe._ + +_Copies of our_ Prospectus, _according to the suggestion of T. E. H, +will be forwarded to any correspondent willing to assist us by +circulating them._ + +VOLS. I., II., _and_ III., _with very copious Indices, may still be had, +price 9s. 6d. each, neatly bound in cloth._ + +NOTES AND QUERIES _is published at noon on Friday, so that our country +Subscribers may receive it on Saturday. The subscription for the Stamped +Edition is 1Os. 2d. for Six Months, which may be paid by Post-office +Order drawn in favour of our Publisher_, MR. GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet +Street; _to whose care all communications for the Editor should be +addressed._ + +_Erratum._--In last line but one of Art. 307. p. 424. for "proud +father," read "grandfather." + + + + +Just published, by THOMAS KERSLAKE, Bookseller, No. 3. Park Street, +Bristol. + + A CATALOGUE OF THE ENTIRE PHILOLOGICAL AND ANTIQUARIAN LIBRARY of + the late MR. SERJEANT LUDLOW, Town Clerk of Bristol, Leader of the + Oxford Circuit, &c. &c., lately bought of his Executors, and + containing the Principal Works on ANGLO-SAXON and GOTHIC + LITERATURE, the Collections of OLD ENGLISH POETRY, &c. To which is + prefixed (by Permission of the Author) his CHARACTER, by the Hon. + SIR T. NOON TALFOURD. (Franked by two Stamps.) + + Also, + + A CATALOGUE OF THE GEOLOGICAL and SCIENTIFIC LIBRARY of the late + REV. DAVID WILLIAMS, Rector of Bleadon, Somerset. (Franked by one + Stamp.) + + THOMAS KERSLAKE, Old and New Bookseller, No. 3. Park Street, + Bristol. + + +PRESTON, LANCASHIRE + + Collections in Numismatology and Natural History, Miscellaneous + Library, &c., of the late MR. KENYON, F.R.S.E., &c. + + MR. JOHN BURTON respectfully announces to the Virtuosi, + Naturalists, &c. that he will SELL by AUCTION in his Rooms, No. + 11+. Fishergate, Preston, on MONDAY, the 8th, TUESDAY, the 9th, + WEDNESDAY, the 10th, THURSDAY, the 11th, FRIDAY, the 12th,--on + MONDAY, the 15th, TUESDAY, the 16th, WEDNESDAY, the 17th. + THURSDAY, the 18th, and FRIDAY, the 19th days of DECEMBER, 1851, + at 11 o'clock in the Forenoon each day, the MOST IMPORTANT and + VALUABLE COLLECTION of COINS and MEDALS ever offered to public + competition in this portion of the provinces. It comprises nearly + six thousand specimens of Coinage, Ancient, Mediaeval, and Modern; + including Greek, Roman, Byzantine, British, Anglo-Saxon, + Anglo-Gallic, English, Scotch, Irish, various Continental, &c., in + Gold, Electrum, Silver, Tin, Copper, Bronze, and other Metals, all + in exceedingly fine preservation, and extending chronologically to + the present time--a collection of unparalleled interest to the + Historian, Archaeologist, and Virtuoso.--Several Cabinets of + Natural Curiosities, illustrative of the Sciences of Geology, + Mineralogy, Conchology, Entomology, and Botany.--A Miscellaneous + Library, including numerous valuable Numismatic Works, Works on + the several branches of Natural History, &c.:--and a few Oil + Paintings, Framed Engravings, and other effects, late the property + of the very eminent Connoisseur and Collector, MR. KENYON, + F.R.S.E., &c. deceased. + + Also, + + The Medical and Miscellaneous Library, Surgical Instruments, + Chemical Apparatus and Appliances, Powerful Magic Lantern, Solar + Microscope, Theodolite, &c. &c. + + LATE the PROPERTY of W. ALEXANDER, + + Esq., M.D., deceased. + + Catalogues (in two Parts, Sixpence each) may be had on application + to Mr. JOHN BURTON, Auctioneer and Accountant, 11+, Fishergate, or + 38. Avenham Lane, near the Terrace, Preston. + + +WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE AND + + ANNUITY SOCIETY, + + 3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON. + + Founded A.D. 1812. + + _Directors._ + + H. Edgeworth Bicknell, Esq. + William Cabell, Esq. + T. Somers Cocks, Jun. Esq. M.P. + G. Henry Drew, Esq. + William Evans, Esq. + William Freeman, Esq. + F. Fuller, Esq. + J. Henry Goodhart, Esq. + T. Grissell, Esq. + James Hunt, Esq. + J. Arscott Lethbridge, Esq. + E. Lucas, Esq. + James Lys Seager, Esq. + J. Basley White, Esq. + Joseph Carter Wood, Esq. + + _Trustees._ + + W. Whateley, Esq., Q.C. + L. C. Humfrey, Esq., Q.C. + George Drew, Esq. + + _Consulting Counsel._--Sir William P. Wood, M.P., + Solicitor-General. + + _Physician._--William Rich. Basham, M.D. + + _Bankers._--Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross. + + VALUABLE PRIVILEGE. + + POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through + temporary difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given + upon application to suspend the payment at interest, according to + the conditions detailed in the Prospectus. + + Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100_l._, with a Share + in three-fourths of the Profits:-- + + Age. _l._ _s._ _d._ + + 17 1 14 4 + 22 1 18 8 + 27 2 4 5 + 32 2 10 8 + 37 2 18 6 + 42 3 8 2 + + ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary. + + Now ready, price 10_s._ 6_d._, Second Edition, with material + additions, INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION; being a TREATISE + on BENEFIT BUILDING SOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of + Land Investment, exemplified in the Cases of Freehold Land + Societies, Building Companies, &c. With a Mathematical Appendix on + Compound Interest and Life Assurance. By ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., + Actuary to the Western Life Assurance Society, 3. Parliament + Street, London. + + +THE BEST IS THE CHEAPEST. + + The Best Congou Tea 3_s._ 8_d._ per lb. + The Best Souchong Tea 4_s._ 4_d._ " + The Best Gunpowder Tea 5_s._ 8_d._ " + The Best Old Mocha Coffee 1_s._ 4_d._ " + The Best West India Coffee 1_s._ 4_d._ " + The Fine True Ripe Rich + Rare Souchong Tea 4_s._ 0_d._ " + + 40_s._ worth or upwards sent CARRIAGE FREE to any part of England + by + + PHILLIPS & CO., TEA MERCHANTS, No. 8. King William Street, City, + London. + + +BOOKS AT REDUCED PRICES ON SALE BY GEORGE BELL, 186. FLEET ST. + + SHAKSPEARE'S PLAYS AND POEMS. 11 vols. 8vo. half morocco, neat. + 4_l._ 10_s._ Pickering. 1825. + + MILTON'S POETICAL WORKS. 3 vols. 8vo. half morocco, neat. 28_s._ + Pickering, 1826. + + CHAUCER'S CANTERBURY TALES, edited by TYRWHITT. 5 vols. 8vo. half + morocco, neat. 2_l._ 5_s._ Pickering, 1830. + + CHAUCER'S ROMAUNT OF THE ROSE, TROILUS AND CRESEIDE, AND MINOR + POEMS, with Life by Sir H. NICOLAS. 3 vols. 8vo. calf, old style + (by Hayday). 29_s._ Pickering, 1826. + + WILSON'S AND BONAPARTE'S NATURAL HISTORY OF THE BIRDS OF THE + UNITED STATES, Edited by JAMESON. 4 vols. 12mo. large paper, half + morocco, neat. 24_s._ Edinburgh, 1831. + + DR. JOHNSON'S WORKS, by MURPHY. 12 vols. 8vo. half calf, neat. + 3_l._ 12_s._ 1823. + + DEAN SWIFT'S WORKS, edited by HAWKESWORTH. 21 vols. 12mo. calf, + neat. 1_l._ 11_s._ 6_d._ 1760. + + MILTON'S POETICAL WORKS, by TODD. 6 vols. 8vo. half calf. 2_l._ + 2_s._ 1826. + + BEWICK'S QUADRUPEDS. 8vo. half calf. 9_s._ 1792. + + ARISTOTELIS OPERA, edited by BEKKER, 11 vols. 8vo. calf, extra, by + Hayday. 5_l._ 10_s._ Oxford, 1837. + + ROSE'S BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY. 12 vols. 8vo. half calf. 7_l._ + 1850. + + FACCIOLATTI LEXICON TOTIUS LATINITATIS CONSILIO ET CURA. + FACCIOLATTI OPERA ET STUDIO FORCELLINI. 2 vols. folio. russia. + 1_l._ 12_s._ Patav. 1805. + + ORATORES GRAECI A REISKE. 12 vols. 8vo. russia, neat. 3_l._ 13_s._ + 6_d._ 1770-75. + + NEWMAN'S PAROCHIAL SERMONS. 5 vols. 8vo. boards. 35_s._ Published + at 2_l._ 12_s._ 6_d._ + + STOTHARD'S MONUMENTAL EFFIGIES. Folio, half morocco. 6_l._ 10_s._ + Published at 19_l._ + + OLD ENGLAND. Vol. I. folio, cloth. 15_s._ Published at _22s._ + 6_d._ + + ATLAS ANTIQUUS. SPRUNER. Royal 4to. cloth. 18_s._ Published at + 26_s._ 1850. + + ATLAS VON HELLAS. KIEPART. Folio. half morocco. 24_s._ + + WHOWELL'S ANALOGY OF THE OLD AND NEW TESTAMENTS. 2 vols. 4to. + cloth 1_l._ 10_s._ 1843. + + OXFORD TRACTS. 5 vols. in 6 parts, cloth, and No. 89. 30_s._ + + ARROWSMITH'S GENERAL ATLAS. Royal 4to. calf. 30_s._ Published at + 2_l._ 5_s._ 1840. + + CETIUS IN LOCA SCRIPTURAE. Folio, calf. 6_s._ 1628. + + CATENA IN EPISTOLAS CATHOLICAS, accesserunt OEcumenii et Arethae. + Commentarii in Apocalypsin. Edidit Cramer. 8vo. boards. 7_s._ + Published at 12_s._ 6_d._ 1840. + + LA PLACE'S MECANIQUE CELESTE, translated by BOWDITCH. 4 vols. 4to. + boards. Scarce. 11_s._ + + MOSHEIM'S ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY. 4 vols. 8vo. calf extra. 2_l._ + 5_s._ 1845. + + SCHELLER'S LATIN LEXICON, by RIDDLE. Folio. calf (Hayday). 4_l._ + 10_s._ 1830. + + SCHLEUSNER'S LEXICON TO THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT. 2 vols. 8vo half + bound. 10_s._ 6_d._ 1817. + + SCAPULAE LEXICON. Folio, calf. 21_s._ Oxford, 1820. + + ---- 4to calf. 18_s._ London, 1820. + + +THE LITERARY GAZETTE + + IS ENLARGED, + + FOR THE PURPOSES OF + + SCIENCE, FINE ARTS, MUSIC, AND THE DRAMA. + + The Proprietors of "THE LITERARY GAZETTE," impressed with a + conviction that it was not possible to treat efficiently of + Literature, Science, Fine Arts, Music, and the Drama, within the + limits of a paper of sixteen pages, resolved, at the commencement + of their undertaking in January last, to devote the Journal + exclusively to the interests of Literature. As the season arrived + for the Exhibitions of Pictures, it was found necessary, in + compliance with the wishes of many Subscribers, to give Critical + Notices of them; but these were insufficient to mark the progress + of Fine Arts, while they intrenched upon the space intended for + Literature. The insertion of Reviews of Scientific Works elicited + also complaints that the Reports of the Learned Societies should + have been relinquished, and it has been felt that a weekly record + of the progress of Science is still a desideratum. + + Encouraged by the success that has attended their efforts in the + department of Literature (the circulation of "THE LITERARY + GAZETTE," notwithstanding these deficiencies, having been more + than doubled), the Proprietors have determined to enlarge their + Journal to twenty-four pages, and to devote the additional space + to special departments of Science, Fine Arts, Music, and the + Drama. + + The contents of "THE LITERARY GAZETTE" will henceforth be arranged + as follows:-- + + REVIEWS.--Critical Reviews, with extracts of all important new + English Works, and occasionally of Foreign Works. + + NOTICES.--Brief Critical and Analytical Notices of New Books, not + suitable for review. + + SUMMARY.--Announcements of Forthcoming Works, with notices of New + Editions, Reprints, Translations, Periodicals, and Pamphlets. + + LIST OF NEW BOOKS.--The usual List, with particulars of size, and + price of all books published during the week. + + COMMUNICATIONS.--Original Memoirs, Biographies, Accounts of + Scientific Voyages and Travels, Letters from Correspondents, &c. + + TOPICS OF THE WEEK.--An editorial record of literary, scientific, + and social intelligence. + + PROCEEDINGS OF SOCIETIES.--Abstracts of original Lectures and of + Papers read at the Learned Societies, with occasional Illustrative + Woodcuts of Diagrams, Sections, &c. + + FINE ARTS.--Reviews and Notices of Art Publications, Prints, + Exhibitions, Sales of Pictures, &c., and general art intelligence. + + FOREIGN CORRESPONDENCE.--Letters from Correspondents resident in + Paris, Leipsic, Madrid, and other continental cities. + + MUSIC.--Notices of Operas, Concerts, Oratorios, New Publications, + and general musical intelligence. + + THE DRAMA.--Reports of the Theatres, with Criticisms of New Plays, + and general dramatic intelligence. + + VARIETIES.--Fragments of general interest. + + Price FOURPENCE; Stamped Edition, FIVEPENCE. + + REEVE and BENHAM, 5. Henrietta Street, Covent Garden. + + +BOOK PLATES.--HERALDIC QUERIES answered; Family Arms found, and every +information afforded. Drawing of Arms, 2_s._ 6_d._; Painting ditto, +5_s._; Book Plate Crest, 5_s._; Arms, &c. from 20_s._; Crest on Card +Plate, and one hundred Cards, 8_s._; Queries answered for 1_s._ Saxon, +Mediaeval, and Modern Style Book Plates. The best authorities and MS. +Books of thirty-five years' practice consulted.--Apply (if per letter +enclosing stamps or post office order) to JAMES FRISWELL, Heraldic +Engraver, 12. Brooke Street, Holborn. + + +BIBLES AND BIBLICAL WORKS FOR PRESENTATION. + + BAGSTER'S POLYGLOT BIBLES. + + The elegant manner in which these well-known Books are got up, + renders them especially eligible as PRESENTATION COPIES of the + "Sacred Scriptures." Bound in Bagster's peculiar style of flexible + Turkey morocco, of durable beauty, and enriched with every + external adornment, the typographical completeness is enhanced. + The Miniature Polyglot, or small pocket size, the Foolscap Octavo, + pocket size, and the Facsimile Large-Print Edition, all correspond + page for page; and in their combinations with the Book of Common + Prayer, Indexes, Concordances, Lexicons, etc., afford a variety + suited to every requirement. The "Comprehensive Family and Pulpit + Bible," containing the largest number of parallel references and + illustrative notes ever published, is kept, of various quarto + sizes, bound up with Family Registers, in plain and sumptuous + bindings. The "Hexapla" is a treasury of the most condensed + criticism. It consists of the Greek Text of the New Testament, + printed in the largest type, with six standard English + translations beneath it, arranged for comparison in parallel + columns. Kept in every style of best binding. "The Bible of Every + Land," now just completed, is a collection of interesting Memoirs + of every Language into which the Bible has been translated, with + engraved Specimens, numerous coloured Maps, and a full series of + Native Alphabets. "The Blank-Paged Bible," "The Biblia Ecclesiae + Polyglotta," "The Large-Print Critical Greek Testament and + Septuagint" may also be suggested as suitable gifts. See + descriptive Catalogues, which are furnished without charge, and + sent free by post. + + London: SAMUEL BAGSTER AND SONS, 15. Paternoster Row, where, and + at most respectable Booksellers in the Kingdom, a large assortment + may be seen. + + MULTAE TERRICOLIS LINGUAE, COELESTIBUS UNA. + + [Greek: Pollai men thnetois Glottai, mia d' Athanatoisin.] + + +THE IRISH QUARTERLY REVIEW, NO. IV. + + DECEMBER, 1851. Price 2_s._ 6_d._ + + I.--Halliburton's (Sam Slick) The English in America. + + II.--Maria Edgeworth. + + III.--A Glance at the Past and Present Condition of Ireland: "The + Exodus." + + IV.--The Celtic Records of Ireland. + + V.--Mr. Montague Dempsey's Experiences of the Landed + Interest--Concluded. + + VI.--The Poor-Law in Ireland--The Consolidated Annuities. + + VII.--Ruskin and the Pre-Raphaelists. + + Dublin: W. B. KELLY. 8. Grafton Street. London: SIMPKIN, MARSHALL + & CO. Edinburgh: OLIVER & BOYD. + + +Just published, 32mo. cloth, with Coloured Frontispiece, price 4_s._; +morocco, 6_s._ 6_d._ + + LYRA CHRISTIANA; Poems on Christianity and the Church, Original + and Selected. From the Works of ROBERT MONTGOMERY, M.A., Author of + "The Christian Life," "God and Man," &c. + + GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street. + + +TO PARISH CLERKS AND OTHERS.--One GUINEA REWARD will be paid for the +Certificate of Baptism of ROBERT BROUGHTON, born between 1700 and 1705. + + Address to the Publishing Office of "NOTES and QUERIES." + + +The Important Library of the COUNT MONDIDIER, deceased. + + Nine days' Sale. + + PUTTICK AND SIMPSON, Auctioneers of Literary Property, will sell + by Auction at their Great Room, 191. Piccadilly, on MONDAY, + December 15, and eight following days (Sunday excepted), the very + extensive and valuable Library of the COUNT MONDIDIER, deceased, + consigned from Germany. Also, a very important Selection from the + Library of a late well-known ENGLISH COLLECTOR, the whole + presenting an extraordinary assemblage of Voyages, Travels, and + Itineraries, Works relating to America, including many of the + rarest Productions, some of which have been hitherto unknown to + Bibliographers: together with many highly valuable Works in + General Literature, Natural History, Foreign and English Local and + Personal Histories, Private Memoirs, Ana. Facetiae, &c. + &c.--Catalogues will be sent on application; if in the country, on + receipt of six stamps. + + + + +Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5 New +Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London; and +published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish of St. +Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet +Street aforesaid.--Saturday, December 13, 1851. + + + + + [List of volumes and pages in "Notes and Queries", Vol. I-IV] + + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Notes and Queries Vol. I. | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 1 | November 3, 1849 | 1 - 17 | PG # 8603 | + | Vol. I No. 2 | November 10, 1849 | 18 - 32 | PG # 11265 | + | Vol. I No. 3 | November 17, 1849 | 33 - 46 | PG # 11577 | + | Vol. I No. 4 | November 24, 1849 | 49 - 63 | PG # 13513 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 5 | December 1, 1849 | 65 - 80 | PG # 11636 | + | Vol. I No. 6 | December 8, 1849 | 81 - 95 | PG # 13550 | + | Vol. I No. 7 | December 15, 1849 | 97 - 112 | PG # 11651 | + | Vol. I No. 8 | December 22, 1849 | 113 - 128 | PG # 11652 | + | Vol. I No. 9 | December 29, 1849 | 130 - 144 | PG # 13521 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 10 | January 5, 1850 | 145 - 160 | PG # | + | Vol. I No. 11 | January 12, 1850 | 161 - 176 | PG # 11653 | + | Vol. I No. 12 | January 19, 1850 | 177 - 192 | PG # 11575 | + | Vol. I No. 13 | January 26, 1850 | 193 - 208 | PG # 11707 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 14 | February 2, 1850 | 209 - 224 | PG # 13558 | + | Vol. I No. 15 | February 9, 1850 | 225 - 238 | PG # 11929 | + | Vol. I No. 16 | February 16, 1850 | 241 - 256 | PG # 16193 | + | Vol. I No. 17 | February 23, 1850 | 257 - 271 | PG # 12018 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 18 | March 2, 1850 | 273 - 288 | PG # 13544 | + | Vol. I No. 19 | March 9, 1850 | 289 - 309 | PG # 13638 | + | Vol. I No. 20 | March 16, 1850 | 313 - 328 | PG # 16409 | + | Vol. I No. 21 | March 23, 1850 | 329 - 343 | PG # 11958 | + | Vol. I No. 22 | March 30, 1850 | 345 - 359 | PG # 12198 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 23 | April 6, 1850 | 361 - 376 | PG # 12505 | + | Vol. I No. 24 | April 13, 1850 | 377 - 392 | PG # 13925 | + | Vol. I No. 25 | April 20, 1850 | 393 - 408 | PG # 13747 | + | Vol. I No. 26 | April 27, 1850 | 409 - 423 | PG # 13822 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 27 | May 4, 1850 | 425 - 447 | PG # 13712 | + | Vol. I No. 28 | May 11, 1850 | 449 - 463 | PG # 13684 | + | Vol. I No. 29 | May 18, 1850 | 465 - 479 | PG # 15197 | + | Vol. I No. 30 | May 25, 1850 | 481 - 495 | PG # 13713 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Notes and Queries Vol. II. | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 31 | June 1, 1850 | 1- 15 | PG # 12589 | + | Vol. II No. 32 | June 8, 1850 | 17- 32 | PG # 15996 | + | Vol. II No. 33 | June 15, 1850 | 33- 48 | PG # 26121 | + | Vol. II No. 34 | June 22, 1850 | 49- 64 | PG # 22127 | + | Vol. II No. 35 | June 29, 1850 | 65- 79 | PG # 22126 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 36 | July 6, 1850 | 81- 96 | PG # 13361 | + | Vol. II No. 37 | July 13, 1850 | 97-112 | PG # 13729 | + | Vol. II No. 38 | July 20, 1850 | 113-128 | PG # 13362 | + | Vol. II No. 39 | July 27, 1850 | 129-143 | PG # 13736 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 40 | August 3, 1850 | 145-159 | PG # 13389 | + | Vol. II No. 41 | August 10, 1850 | 161-176 | PG # 13393 | + | Vol. II No. 42 | August 17, 1850 | 177-191 | PG # 13411 | + | Vol. II No. 43 | August 24, 1850 | 193-207 | PG # 13406 | + | Vol. II No. 44 | August 31, 1850 | 209-223 | PG # 13426 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 45 | September 7, 1850 | 225-240 | PG # 13427 | + | Vol. II No. 46 | September 14, 1850 | 241-256 | PG # 13462 | + | Vol. II No. 47 | September 21, 1850 | 257-272 | PG # 13936 | + | Vol. II No. 48 | September 28, 1850 | 273-288 | PG # 13463 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 49 | October 5, 1850 | 289-304 | PG # 13480 | + | Vol. II No. 50 | October 12, 1850 | 305-320 | PG # 13551 | + | Vol. II No. 51 | October 19, 1850 | 321-351 | PG # 15232 | + | Vol. II No. 52 | October 26, 1850 | 353-367 | PG # 22624 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 53 | November 2, 1850 | 369-383 | PG # 13540 | + | Vol. II No. 54 | November 9, 1850 | 385-399 | PG # 22138 | + | Vol. II No. 55 | November 16, 1850 | 401-415 | PG # 15216 | + | Vol. II No. 56 | November 23, 1850 | 417-431 | PG # 15354 | + | Vol. II No. 57 | November 30, 1850 | 433-454 | PG # 15405 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 58 | December 7, 1850 | 457-470 | PG # 21503 | + | Vol. II No. 59 | December 14, 1850 | 473-486 | PG # 15427 | + | Vol. II No. 60 | December 21, 1850 | 489-502 | PG # 24803 | + | Vol. II No. 61 | December 28, 1850 | 505-524 | PG # 16404 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Notes and Queries Vol. III. | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 62 | January 4, 1851 | 1- 15 | PG # 15638 | + | Vol. III No. 63 | January 11, 1851 | 17- 31 | PG # 15639 | + | Vol. III No. 64 | January 18, 1851 | 33- 47 | PG # 15640 | + | Vol. III No. 65 | January 25, 1851 | 49- 78 | PG # 15641 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 66 | February 1, 1851 | 81- 95 | PG # 22339 | + | Vol. III No. 67 | February 8, 1851 | 97-111 | PG # 22625 | + | Vol. III No. 68 | February 15, 1851 | 113-127 | PG # 22639 | + | Vol. III No. 69 | February 22, 1851 | 129-159 | PG # 23027 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 70 | March 1, 1851 | 161-174 | PG # 23204 | + | Vol. III No. 71 | March 8, 1851 | 177-200 | PG # 23205 | + | Vol. III No. 72 | March 15, 1851 | 201-215 | PG # 23212 | + | Vol. III No. 73 | March 22, 1851 | 217-231 | PG # 23225 | + | Vol. III No. 74 | March 29, 1851 | 233-255 | PG # 23282 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 75 | April 5, 1851 | 257-271 | PG # 23402 | + | Vol. III No. 76 | April 12, 1851 | 273-294 | PG # 26896 | + | Vol. III No. 77 | April 19, 1851 | 297-311 | PG # 26897 | + | Vol. III No. 78 | April 26, 1851 | 313-342 | PG # 26898 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 79 | May 3, 1851 | 345-359 | PG # 26899 | + | Vol. III No. 80 | May 10, 1851 | 361-382 | PG # 32495 | + | Vol. III No. 81 | May 17, 1851 | 385-399 | PG # 29318 | + | Vol. III No. 82 | May 24, 1851 | 401-415 | PG # 28311 | + | Vol. III No. 83 | May 31, 1851 | 417-440 | PG # 36835 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 84 | June 7, 1851 | 441-472 | PG # 37379 | + | Vol. III No. 85 | June 14, 1851 | 473-488 | PG # 37403 | + | Vol. III No. 86 | June 21, 1851 | 489-511 | PG # 37496 | + | Vol. III No. 87 | June 28, 1851 | 513-528 | PG # 37516 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Notes and Queries Vol. IV. | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 88 | July 5, 1851 | 1- 15 | PG # 37548 | + | Vol. IV No. 89 | July 12, 1851 | 17- 31 | PG # 37568 | + | Vol. IV No. 90 | July 19, 1851 | 33- 47 | PG # 37593 | + | Vol. IV No. 91 | July 26, 1851 | 49- 79 | PG # 37778 | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 92 | August 2, 1851 | 81- 94 | PG # 38324 | + | Vol. IV No. 93 | August 9, 1851 | 97-112 | PG # 38337 | + | Vol. IV No. 94 | August 16, 1851 | 113-127 | PG # 38350 | + | Vol. IV No. 95 | August 23, 1851 | 129-144 | PG # 38386 | + | Vol. IV No. 96 | August 30, 1851 | 145-167 | PG # 38405 | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 97 | Sept. 6, 1851 | 169-183 | PG # 38433 | + | Vol. IV No. 98 | Sept. 13, 1851 | 185-200 | PG # 38491 | + | Vol. IV No. 99 | Sept. 20, 1851 | 201-216 | PG # 38574 | + | Vol. IV No. 100 | Sept. 27, 1851 | 217-246 | PG # 38656 | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 101 | Oct. 4, 1851 | 249-264 | PG # 38701 | + | Vol. IV No. 102 | Oct. 11, 1851 | 265-287 | PG # 38773 | + | Vol. IV No. 103 | Oct. 18, 1851 | 289-303 | PG # 38864 | + | Vol. IV No. 104 | Oct. 25, 1851 | 305-333 | PG # 38926 | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 105 | Nov. 1, 1851 | 337-358 | PG # 39076 | + | Vol. IV No. 106 | Nov. 8, 1851 | 361-374 | PG # 39091 | + | Vol. IV No. 107 | Nov. 15, 1851 | 377-396 | PG # 39135 | + | Vol. IV No. 108 | Nov. 22, 1851 | 401-414 | PG # 39197 | + | Vol. IV No. 109 | Nov. 29, 1851 | 417-430 | PG # 39233 | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 110 | Dec. 6, 1851 | 433-460 | PG # 39338 | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol I. Index. [Nov. 1849-May 1850] | PG # 13536 | + | INDEX TO THE SECOND VOLUME. MAY-DEC., 1850 | PG # 13571 | + | INDEX TO THE THIRD VOLUME. JAN.-JUNE, 1851 | PG # 26770 | + +------------------------------------------------+------------+ + + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number +111, December 13, 1851, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, DEC 13, 1851 *** + +***** This file should be named 39393.txt or 39393.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/3/9/3/9/39393/ + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This +file was produced from images generously made available +by The Internet Library of Early Journals.) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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