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diff --git a/39152-0.txt b/39152-0.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3d0c0a4 --- /dev/null +++ b/39152-0.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2943 @@ +The Project Gutenberg eBook, A Biographical Sketch of some of the Most +Eminent Individuals which the Principality of Wales has produced since the +Reformation, by Robert Williams + + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + + + + +Title: A Biographical Sketch of some of the Most Eminent Individuals which the Principality of Wales has produced since the Reformation + + +Author: Robert Williams + + + +Release Date: March 15, 2012 [eBook #39152] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: UTF-8 + + +***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF SOME OF +THE MOST EMINENT INDIVIDUALS WHICH THE PRINCIPALITY OF WALES HAS PRODUCED +SINCE THE REFORMATION*** + + +Transcribed from the 1836 H. Hughes edition by David Price, email +ccx074@pglaf.org + + + + + + A + BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH + OF SOME OF + THE MOST EMINENT INDIVIDUALS + WHICH + THE PRINCIPALITY OF WALES + HAS PRODUCED SINCE THE REFORMATION. + + + * * * * * + + BY + + The REV. ROBERT WILLIAMS, M.A., + + AUTHOR OF AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF CONWAY CASTLE. + + (To whom the Cymmvodorion awarded a Silver Medal in 1831). + + * * * * * + + WITH AN ADDENDA, + + CONTAINING MEMOIRS OF DR. WILLIAM OWEN PUGHE, + RICHARD LLWYD, THE ANTIQUARIAN, BARDD NANTGLYN, + BARDD CLOFF, AND SEVERAL OTHERS, DERIVED FROM + VARIOUS AUTHENTICATED SOURCES. + + * * * * * + + LONDON: + H. HUGHES, 15, ST. MARTIN’S-LE-GRAND. + + * * * * * + + 1836. + + METCALFF, PRINTERS, + 5 GROCERS’ HALL COURT, POULTRY. + + + + +TO THE PUBLIC. + + +The object of this little work, is, to show to the English reader, that +Wales has produced a number of highly talented and distinguished +individuals; and the publication might be greatly extended, were it +deemed prudent to add the names of those learned men who are still among +us. + +The publisher will feel obliged for any additional names, which will be +inserted in a future edition. + + * * * * * + + Mr. Williams’s portion may be had printed in Welsh. + Price one shilling. + + * * * * * + + + + +BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES, +ETC. + + +_William Baxter_ was born in Wales in the year 1650. In his eighteenth +year he was sent to Harrow School, when he could speak no other language +but Welsh; he, however, soon acquired English, and triumphantly overcame +all these disadvantages, and at the age of twenty-nine he commenced +author, with the publication of his “Analogia Linguæ Latinæ.” He +afterwards was appointed master of the Mercer’s School, in London. He +soon made himself known as an excellent philologist and antiquary, by +several learned works, and more particularly his Horace and his +Dictionary of British Antiquities, entitled “Glossarium Antiquitatum +Britannicarum,” in which he attempted, from his knowledge of the British +language, to determine geography by etymology. He died in 1723. + +_Lewis Bayly_, an eminent prelate, was a native of Caermarthen, and +studied at Oxford. He was appointed chaplain to Henry Prince of Wales, +son of James the First, to whom he dedicated a religious work, entitled +the “Practice of Piety,” which has passed through a vast number of +editions. He was rector of St. Matthew’s church, in London, and +afterwards bishop of Bangor; and died in 1631. His son, + +_Thomas Bayly_ was educated for the church at Cambridge; and during the +civil war he resided at Ragland Castle, as chaplain to the Marquis of +Worcester; after the surrender of which he travelled on the Continent; +and on his return to England he published his “Certamen Religiosum, or a +Conference between King Charles the First and Marquis of Worcester, +concerning religion, in Ragland Castle, Anno 1646,” which he is supposed +to have written to justify his embracing the Roman Catholic religion. He +also published the “Royal Charter granted to Kings,” for which he was +committed to Newgate. He also published another work, entitled “Herba +parietis.” Having made his escape from prison, he died in France in +1659. + +_Morris Clynog_ was a native of Caernarvonshire, and was educated at +Cambridge, where he graduated L.L.B. He was appointed rector of Corwen +sinecure in 1556, and became a prebendary of York, and an officer in the +Prerogative Court, under Cardinal Pole, archbishop of Canterbury, and he +was nominated to succeed Dr. William Glynn in the bishopric of Bangor; +but the queen dying before he was consecrated, he fled beyond sea, and +going to Rome he became, some years after, the first rector of the +English hospital there, after it was converted into a college for English +students, where he became much noted for his partiality to his countrymen +of Wales, which always caused a great faction between the Welsh and +English students resident there. + +_Thomas Coke_, the eminent missionary, was the son of a surgeon at +Brecon, in South Wales, where he was born in the year 1747. He was +educated at the College school at that town, and in due time he was +entered a Gentleman Commoner of Jesus College, Oxford. He took the +degree of L.L.D. in 1775; and becoming acquainted with Wesley, he +supported his opinions with great zeal. He commenced his labours as a +missionary in North America in 1784, where he remained for several years +in great popularity with the Methodists; but his advocating the cause of +the negroes, and his opposition to the inhuman traffic in slaves, brought +upon him the indignation of the Americans, and he was obliged to leave +the country with precipitancy, and it was with great difficulty that he +escaped to England. He afterwards made nine voyages as a missionary to +the West Indies with great success, which must be attributed to his pious +zeal and learning, which he has left several works to prove. His +character has always been greatly extolled for the judgment which he +exhibited in very trying periods, and for the amiableness of his +disposition. He died on his voyage to the East Indies in 1814. + +_Francis Davies_, D.D., an eminent and pious prelate, was a native of +Wales, and was born in the year 1604. After an academical education, he +entered the church; he received various preferment, and in 1660 he was +appointed archdeacon of Llandaff. In 1667 he was raised to the bishopric +of the same diocese; and died in 1674. + +_John Davies_, D.D., the celebrated Welsh antiquary and learned divine, +was born at Llanverras, in Denbighshire, and was educated at Ruthin +School, under Bishop Parry. He was entered at Jesus College, Oxford, in +1589, where he graduated. In 1608, he removed to Lincoln College, and +took his Doctor’s degree in 1616. Having been appointed chaplain to +Bishop Parry, he was made canon of St. Asaph by him; and in 1604, he was +presented to the rectory of Mallwyd, and subsequently to those of Llan yn +Mowddy and Darowen; and in 1617 to the prebend of Llannfydd, and +subsequently to Llanvor sinecure. His character was held in high +estimation in Oxford for his proficiency in the Greek and Hebrew +languages: a most exact critic, and an indefatigable searcher of +antiquities. His celebrated works are “Antiquæ Linguæ Britannicæ +Rudimenta,” 8vo., 1621, and “Dictionarium Britannico-Latinum, and +Latino-Britannicum,” which was published in London, 1632, folio. At the +end of his dictionary is a good collection of Welsh proverbs. He died in +May, 1644, and was buried in the church of Mallwydd, Meirionethshire. + +_Miles Davies_ was a native of Whitford, near Holywell, in Flintshire. +He was originally intended for the church, but from some unknown cause he +left his native country, and went to London, where he subscribed himself +barrister at law. Here he commenced author, and published three volumes +of his “Athenæ Britannicæ,” in 1715, which contain much curious and +valuable knowledge. Very little is now known of his history, but he is +supposed to have been unfortunate in his later career as a literary +character. It is uncertain when his death took place. + +_Richard Davies_, D.D., was the son of David ap Gronw, and was born in +Denbighshire, and educated at New Inn Hall, Oxford. Having entered the +church, he became vicar of Burnham, and rector of Maids-morton, +Buckinghamshire, which preferment he was deprived of in Queen Mary’s +reign, for being married; and he consequently retired to the Continent. +On the accession of Queen Elizabeth he returned home, and was raised by +her to the bishopric of St. Asaph, in 1559, from whence he was translated +to the see of St. David’s in 1561. This eminent prelate was a man of +great learning, and he was employed, with others, in translating the +Bible into English, and he translated all from the beginning of Joshua to +the end of Samuel. He also translated part of the New Testament into +Welsh, particularly some of the Epistles. He published also some other +works. He died at the Episcopal Palace of Abergwyli, Caermarthenshire, +in 1581. + +_Thomas Davies_, D.D., Bishop of St. Asaph, was a native of Llanbeder, +near Aberconwy, Caernarvonshire, where he was born about the year 1515. +He received his academical education at St. John’s College, Cambridge. +He became rector of his native parish, and was also made archdeacon of +St. Asaph, and chancellor of Bangor. In 1561 he was advanced to the +bishopric of St. Asaph, where he continued to his death, which took place +in 1573. He was a very pious and charitable person, and founded a +scholarship in Queen’s College, Cambridge. He bequeathed also +considerable sums of money for other pious uses. + +_Walter Devereux_, Earl of Essex, the father of the unfortunate favourite +of Queen Elizabeth, was born in Caermarthenshire in the year 1540, and +succeeded his grandfather in the titles of Viscount Hereford and Lord +Ferrers. His joining the Earl of Lincoln with a body of troops against +the rebels who rose in the North, recommended him to the favour of Queen +Elizabeth, who created him Earl of Essex in 1572, and made him a Knight +of the Garter. He was afterwards appointed governor of Ulster in +Ireland; and his death, which was supposed to have been hastened by +poison, by his enemy the Earl of Leicester, took place in Dublin in 1576, +leaving the character of a brave soldier, loyal subject, and +disinterested patriot. + +_David Dolben_ was born at Segrwyd, near Denbigh, in 1581. He was +educated at St. John’s College, Cambridge, where he proceeded regularly +through his degrees to that of doctor. He became a prebendary of St. +Asaph, and vicar of Hackney, in Middlesex; and in 1631 he was raised to +the bishopric of Bangor. He died two years after his promotion, in +London, and was buried in Hackney church. + +_William Edwards_, one of the most wonderful examples of self-taught +genius, was a native of Glamorganshire, where he was born at Eglwysilan, +in 1719. At an early age he attracted notice by the neatness of his +workmanship, in building walls on his father’s farm; and gradually he +arrived at the building of houses and larger structures. Having given +great satisfaction to all his employers, he undertook, in 1746, to build +a bridge over the river Tav, which was executed and greatly admired; at +the end of two years and a half it was destroyed by a tremendous flood, +which carried it away: he immediately commenced a new one, which however +was likewise a failure. The third was completed in 1755, and remains a +splendid monument of his talent, and is one of the most beautiful in the +world; its span is 140 feet; and it exceeds the famed Rialto of Venice, +which was supposed to be the largest arch in the world, by 42 feet. He +devised several important improvements in the art of bridge building, and +the success of his last bridge over the Tav introduced him to public +notice; and he was employed to build numerous other bridges in South +Wales. He died in 1789. It is rather singular that his son and grandson +were equally possessed of the same taste and architectural talent. + +_Thomas Edwards_, better known by his familiar appellation of _Twm o’r +Nant_, was born at Nant, near Denbigh, in the year 1739. He received but +a poor education in his youth, and was brought up to no regular trade, +but worked as a labourer; his genius however showed itself at an early +age, and he gave proofs of his Awen in the composition of a peculiar +species of dramatic writing, known in Wales by the name of “Interludes,” +which were very common there in the last century. They appear to bear +some analogy to the New Comedy of the Athenians, where he satirizes +living persons under fictitious names; and although there are numerous +examples of low scurrility and satire, yet they abound with fine strokes +of genuine wit, and excellent poetry. He possessed a command of +language, and was a good writer when he pleased; a neat specimen of which +exists in his Autobiography, in Welsh. He spent his life in various +parts of Wales, in different occupations, although he esteemed the acting +of his Interludes not the least profitable. He generally bore a part in +the exhibiting of his compositions, and gained considerable profit by +selling printed copies of them, which he hawked about the country +himself. Some of his poetry on various subjects has been published, and +two portraits of him. He was a man of great muscular power; and he died +in 1810, in the seventy-first year of his age. + +_John Evans_, D.D., was born at Wrexham, in Denbighshire, in 1680. He +was an eminent Dissenting divine, and graduated both at Edinburgh and +Aberdeen; he was the author of several most excellent sermons on the +Christian Temper, which have been admired by divines of every +denomination. He for some years was the minister of the congregation of +Independents in Petty France, having succeeded Dr. Williams; he was also +lecturer for some time at Saddlers’ Hall; and he died of dropsy in 1732. + +_John Evans_, D.D., was born in Llanarmon, Denbighshire. He received his +education at Jesus College, Oxford, where he proceeded through his +degrees. Having taken orders, he obtained the living of Llanaelhaiarn, +in Carnarvonshire, and in 1701 he was promoted to the bishopric of +Bangor, and he was translated thence to the bishopric of Meath, in +Ireland, in 1715. + +_Evan Evans_, an eminent divine and poet, better known among his +countrymen by the bardic appellation of Ienan Brydydd Hir, was born at +Cynhawdrev in Cardiganshire, in the year 1730. He received his education +at the grammar school of Ystrad-meurug in the same county, whence he +removed to Oxford, and was entered at Merton College in 1751. After +leaving college he officiated as curate at several places; and applied +himself with great diligence to the cultivation of Welsh literature, and +employed his leisure time in transcribing ancient manuscripts; for which +purpose he visited most of the libraries in Wales, where manuscripts were +known to exist. In the pursuit of his literary labours he for some time +enjoyed the patronage of Sir Watkin W. Wynne, and Dr. Warren, Bishop of +Bangor. He received an annuity of 20_l._ from Paul Panton, Esq., of +Plasgwyn, in Anglesea, on condition that all his manuscripts should on +his death become his property; and in consequence, the whole collection, +amounting to a hundred volumes, was deposited in Plasgwyn Library, where +they still remain. He published two volumes of Welsh sermons, and was +the author of an English poem, entitled the “Love of our Country;” but +his chief work which ranked him high as an antiquary and critic, was a +volume of Welsh poems with Latin translations, prefaced by a learned +“Dissertatio de Bardis.” The Welsh poems in this volume furnished Gray +with matter for some of his most beautiful poetry. Mr. Evans was a man +of excellent disposition, and great abilities as a Welsh scholar, but for +some reason he never obtained any preferment in the church. He served in +succession the curacies of Towyn in Meirion, Llanberis, and Llanllechid +in Caernarvonshire. He died suddenly at the place of his birth, in +August, 1789. + +_Richard Fenton_, well known as the author of a “Historical Tour through +Pembrokeshire;” was born in Wales, and was for several years an eminent +member of the Welsh bar. He was also author of other works which were +published anonymously, of which “A Tour in search of Genealogy,” and “The +Memoirs of an Old Wig,” were highly esteemed as works of great interest, +and abounding in wit and anecdote. He was a particular friend of +Garrick, Goldsmith, Glover, and other great wits of the day. He +translated also the works of Athenæus, which were never published. He +died at an advanced age in November, 1821. + +_John Gambold_ was born at Haverfordwest about the year 1706. He +received a liberal education, and was entered at Christ Church, Oxford, +where he took his degree of Master of Arts in 1734. He was presented to +the living of Stanton Harcourt by Archbishop Secker in 1738, which he +resigned ten years after, from motives of conscience, having become a +convert to the opinions of Zinzerdorf, an account of whose life and +character he published. He was appointed by the Moravians one of their +bishops, of whom he had become a distinguished member in 1754. While at +Oxford, he was the author of a “Sacred Drama,” which was published in +1740, on the subject of the martyrdom of Saint Ignatius; and he +superintended an edition of the Greek Testament at the Clarendon press; +he translated also a History of Greenland from the Dutch, besides several +sermons and other productions. He was a man of blameless morals, deep +erudition, and sincere piety; and he was greatly beloved for the +amiableness of his manners. He died at Haverfordwest in 1771. He was +author of a “Welsh Grammar,” and an able critic in the language. + +_William Glynn_, D.D., was born in 1504, at Malltraeth in Anglesea, and +educated at Cambridge, where he became Master of Queen’s College. In +1549, he was presented to the living of St. Martin’s-le-grand, London; +and in 1551 he was made rector of his native parish of Heneglwys, and in +1555 he was promoted to the episcopal see of Bangor, where he died in +1558, in the fifty-fourth year of his age. Fuller, in his Worthies of +Wales, gives a high character of this excellent bishop; and he was a man +of great natural abilities and learning, and strictly attentive to the +duties of his high station. + +_Edmund Griffith_, D.D., was a native of Lleyn in Caernarvonshire, where +he was born in 1570. He was educated at Brazen-nose College, Oxford, +whence he removed to Jesus College, where he graduated. In 1599, he +obtained the rectory of Llandwrog, and the following year he was made +canon of Bangor; and after other preferments he was made dean of the same +diocese in 1613, and he was promoted to the bishopric in 1633. His death +took place in the year 1637. + +_Elizabeth Griffith_, who has distinguished herself in the literary world +by several productions, was a native of Wales; she married an Irish +gentleman of the name of Richard Griffith, and little is known of her +except her works. She first published “Letters of Henry and Frances,” +which is supposed to contain the genuine correspondence of herself and +her husband before, and for some time after their marriage. She was the +author of several dramas, novels, and several other productions, which +obtained various success. She died in 1793. + +_George Griffith_, D.D., was born at Penrhyn, Caernarvonshire, in 1601. +He was educated at Westminster School, from whence he was elected student +of Christ Church, Oxford, in 1619, where he became an eminent tutor and +preacher. He was appointed chaplain to Bishop John Owens, and was by him +presented to the rectory of Llanvechain, Montgomeryshire, which he +subsequently left for Llanymynech, and he also had the rectory of +Llandrinio. In 1631, he was made a canon of St. Asaph. On the +commencement of the civil war, he lost his preferment on account of his +attachment to the royal cause, to which he rendered good service; but on +the Restoration he was rewarded, and raised to the bishopric of St. +Asaph. In a convocation of the clergy in 1662, he was an active member +in drawing up the Act of Uniformity, and making several alterations in +the Liturgy; and he is supposed to have written the form for the baptism +of those of riper years. He was also author of some Plain Discourses on +the Lord’s Supper. He died in 1666. + +_John Gwillim_ was born of an ancient Welsh family in Herefordshire, in +1565. He was educated at Brazen-nose College, Oxford, and became a +member of the Herald’s College, London, in which he obtained the +appointment of Rouge Croix Pursuivant, in 1617, which was owing to the +appearance of his famous work, the “Display of Heraldry,” which first +appeared in 1610, and has since gone through several other editions. His +death took place in 1621. + +_Matthew Gwinne_, M.D., was an eminent physician, and was the first +professor of medicine on Sir Thomas Gresham’s foundation. The exact year +of his birth is uncertain, but he was born in London of Welsh parents; +and he received his education at Merchant Tailors’ School, whence he +removed to St. John’s, Oxford, of which college he became a fellow. He +composed a Masque, which recommended him to King James the First, before +whom it was performed in Oxford; and he rose higher in that monarch’s +favour by an essay which he wrote against tobacco. He was the author of +various other poems and prose works. He died in 1627. + +_John Hanmer_, a member of the ancient family of the same name, living at +Hanmer, in Flintshire, was educated at the University of Oxford, where he +obtained a fellowship in All Souls College. He subsequently became a +prebendary of Worcester, and rector of Bingham, Nottinghamshire. He was +appointed chaplain to King James the First, who nominated him bishop of +St. Asaph in 1623. He died at Pentre-pont, near Oswestry, in 1629; and +bequeathed several sums of money for charitable purposes. + +_Sir Thomas Hanmer_, Baronet, was born in 1676, and succeeded to the +title and estates of his uncle Sir John Hanmer, in Flintshire. He was +educated at Westminster School, and Christ Church, Oxford. He commenced +his parliamentary career in the representation of the county of Suffolk; +and in 1713, he was elected speaker of the House of Commons, which +honourable office he held until the end of his parliamentary life, which +from its commencement lasted upwards of thirty years. He then withdrew +altogether from public life, and turned his attention to literature; he +published an elegant edition of Shakspeare in six volumes, quarto, which +was printed at Oxford in 1744; and he liberally presented the copyright +to the University. He died at his seat in Suffolk in 1746. + +_Howell Harris_ was born at Trevecka, in Brecknockshire, in 1714. His +parents were in humble circumstances, but they contrived to give him a +classical education, and kept him at school until he was eighteen, when +his father dying, he was obliged to support himself by giving instruction +to a few boys in the neighbourhood, intending at a proper time to enter +the established church. In 1735, he went to Oxford, and was entered at +St. Mary Hall, where he did not remain to complete his studies. In 1739, +he began to traverse Wales, preaching in the open fields and streets +according to the tenets which Whitfield was spreading in England, and +gaining numerous converts every day. The sect which he introduced is +still very great in Wales, and after spending seventeen years in +spreading his doctrine, he came to reside permanently at his native town +of Trevecka. After an active life, he died in the year 1773. + +_John ap Henry_ was born in Wales in 1559, and was a celebrated character +at that period, better known by his assumed title of Martin Marprelate. +He was entered at Peterhouse, Cambridge, where he took the degree of B.A. +in 1584; he afterwards removed to Oxford, where he graduated M.A.; he +preached frequently in both Universities, and gained great reputation, +and he afterwards became a notorious Puritan. His embracing the +principles of the Brownists, rendered him obnoxious to a vindictive +government, to the cruelty of which he afterwards fell a victim. He was +prosecuted for some libellous pamphlets which could not be proved against +him; and afterwards he was most illegally tried and condemned on a charge +of denying the sovereign’s authority, for which he was accordingly +executed. He was a man of great talent and learning, but his productions +are chiefly political tracts which related to that period. + +_Matthew Henry_ was the son of Philip Henry, an eminent Nonconformist, +and he was born at Broad Oak, in Flintshire, in the year 1663. He was +early instructed by his father in the Latin, Greek, and Hebrew languages, +in which he made great proficiency, and being originally intended for the +bar, he was entered at Gray’s Inn; but his great predilection for +divinity induced him to leave that profession, and for twenty-five years +he was the zealous pastor of a Dissenting congregation in Chester. In +1702, he removed to Hackney, where he paid the most sedulous attention to +the duties of his ministry; he remained there until his death, which took +place in 1714, of a stroke of apoplexy. His numerous works are a proof +of his deep learning, and he enjoyed great popularity both as an author +and a preacher; his chief work is an Exposition of the Bible, in five +volumes, folio, which has gone through numerous editions. + +_Edward Herbert_, Lord Herbert of Cherbury, eminent for his character and +writings, was the son of Richard Herbert, Esq., of a very ancient family, +and was born at Montgomery Castle, in North Wales, in 1581. His +proficiency was so great in his early education that he was entered at +University College, Oxford, at the age of twelve. In 1600, he came to +London, and being introduced at court, he became a Knight of the Bath +soon after the accession of James the First. After spending his time in +visiting various courts of Europe, and serving for some time under the +Prince of Orange in the Low Countries, in 1614, he was sent on an embassy +to the court of France; and having been recalled, he was sent ambassador +a second time, and while there he printed at Paris his famous book “De +veritate prout distinguitur a Revelatione.” In 1625, he returned home, +and was created an Irish Peer, and afterwards an English Baron. He +afterwards retired from public life, and upon the breaking out of the +civil war, he joined the parliamentary party, but he soon quitted it, and +joined the royal cause, and consequently he was a great sufferer in his +estate. He died in London, in 1648, and was buried in St. +Giles’s-in-the-fields. He wrote the Memoirs of his own Life, which were +not published until the year 1764, by Lord Oxford. The character of this +distinguished nobleman was brave, generous, and disinterested. + +_George Herbert_, younger brother of Lord Herbert, distinguished himself +as a poet and divine; he also was born at Montgomery Castle, in 1593. He +was educated at Westminster School, and Trinity College, Cambridge, where +he obtained a fellowship; and in 1619, he was chosen public orator. +Having taken orders, he applied himself with great assiduity to the +duties of his profession, and the first benefice which he received was a +prebend in the diocese of Lincoln, and the parish church connected with +it was rebuilt mostly at his own expense. He subsequently obtained the +rectory of Bemerton, near Salisbury. His death took place in February, +1633. He published the “Country Parson,” and he was the author of the +“Temple,” which contains poems on sacred subjects, besides other minor +pieces. + +_James Howel_, the author of the popular and interesting “Epistolæ +Hoelianæ,” was the son of a clergyman, and born in Caermarthenshire, in +1596. He took his degree of bachelor of arts in Jesus College, Oxford, +in 1613. When he left the University, he was appointed, through the +interest of Sir Robert Mansel, to superintend a patent glass manufactory +in London, which had been established by some men of rank. In 1619, he +commenced a tour on the Continent in the service of his employers, and +during the three years that he continued abroad, he visited Holland, +Spain, France, and Italy; in Venice he engaged some workmen for his +manufactory, for the Venetians were at that time very famous for their +skill in casting plate-glass. Soon after his return to England he was +elected fellow of Jesus College, and travelled abroad again with the son +of Lord Altham. He afterwards had the office of secretary to Lord +Scrope, then president of the North, and was elected member of parliament +for Richmond, and subsequently he was appointed secretary to the English +Ambassador, the Earl of Leicester, in Denmark. In 1640, he was made +clerk of the council, which he did not long retain by reason of +Cromwell’s usurpation. His works are numerous, and he was the first who +held the office of Historiographer, which he obtained on the Restoration. +He died in 1666. + +_William Hughes_, D.D., was a native of Caernarvonshire, and was educated +partly at Oxford, whence he removed to Christ’s College, Cambridge. He +was chaplain to the Duke of Norfolk, and he took his degrees of divinity +in Oxford, having been incorporated from Cambridge. He was afterwards +rector of Llysfaen in Caernarvonshire, and in 1573, he was consecrated +Bishop of St. Asaph. He died in 1600. + +_Humphrey Humphreys_, D.D., was born at Penrhyn-dau-draeth, +Merionethshire, in 1648. He received his education at the free grammar +schools of Oswestry and Bangor, and in 1665, he was admitted a member of +Jesus College, Oxford, where he obtained a scholarship, and afterwards a +fellowship; he proceeded regularly through his degrees, and became rector +of Llanvrothen, which he left in 1672 for the living of Trawsfynydd. +Having been made a canon of Bangor, he was installed dean of the same +cathedral in 1680, and in 1689, he was raised to the bishopric, from +which he was translated to the see of Hereford in 1701. His death took +place in 1712. He was a person of excellent virtues during the whole +course of his life, and an example of piety, and strictly attentive to +the duties of his high station. + +_George_, _Lord Jefferies_, _Baron Wem_, was the son of John Jefferies, +Esq., of Acton, in Denbighshire, where he was born in the beginning of +the seventeenth century. He received his education at Shrewsbury School, +and Westminster, and was entered at the Middle Temple to study law. His +father’s family being large, his allowance was consequently very scanty, +but his industry and ingenuity supplied all deficiencies. On commencing +his professional career, he was made a citizen of London through the +interest of a relation; and he was subsequently chosen recorder of the +corporation. This high station recommended him to the notice of the +court, and furthered his advancement. He was appointed successively a +Welsh Judge, and Chief Justice of Chester, and created a baronet. Having +been appointed Chief Justice of the King’s Bench, he was employed to +prosecute the adherents of the Duke of Monmouth, which office he executed +with great cruelty, and for his zeal in this service he was rewarded by +the vindictive and cold-hearted James with the post of Lord High +Chancellor. It is acknowledged, however, that he showed himself an able +and impartial judge in cases which were not connected with politics. On +the accession of William the Third, he was committed to the Tower, where +he died in April, 1689. He was succeeded in his title and estates by his +only son, whose daughter was married to Earl Pomfret; and after his +death, she presented the noble collection, known by the name of Pomfret +marbles, to the University of Oxford. + +_William Lleyn_ was a very celebrated Welsh bard, and flourished in the +reign of Queen Elizabeth. He was a native of Llangain in Lleyn, in +Caernarvonshire. He excelled all the bards of his time in sublimity of +thought and poetic fire, and was much admired for the sprightliness of +his wit. His compositions are remarkable for grave sentences, and maxims +of policy and wisdom. He had a poetical contest with Owain Gwynedd, a +contemporary bard, which is still extant, besides several other pieces +which have never been published. He died at Oswestry. + +_David Jenkins_ was born at Hensol, in Glamorganshire, in 1586. He was +educated at Edmund Hall, Oxford, and entered at Gray’s Inn. Being called +to the bar, he was subsequently made a Welsh Judge, and continued in this +office until he was taken prisoner by the parliamentary forces at +Hereford, and imprisoned in the Tower of London. Having rendered himself +obnoxious to the parliament, in consequence of his having condemned, when +judge, several who had taken arms against the King, he was brought before +the House of Commons; whose authority he denied, and called the whole +assembly a den of thieves; being provoked by this language, they voted +him guilty of high treason, and sentenced him to be hanged; on which he +undauntedly observed that he would suffer with the Bible under one arm +and Magna Charta under the other. He escaped however this punishment, +but was fined 1,000_l._ for contempt, and his estates were confiscated. +He was committed to Newgate, where he remained until the Restoration; but +it does not appear that he obtained any reward for his courage and +fidelity from the forgetful Charles. He died in 1667, at Cambridge. + +_Sir Leoline Jenkins_, L.L.D., was born in 1623, at Llantrisaint, in the +county of Glamorgan, and was educated at Jesus College, Oxford. When the +civil war broke out, he took arms for the King, and upon the failure of +the royal cause he left the kingdom. On the Restoration he returned to +Jesus College, and was elected fellow, and in 1661, he became the +principal. He was afterwards admitted an advocate at Doctors’ Commons; +and with other eminent civilians he was appointed to review the maritime +laws, and to compile a body of rules for the adjudication of prizes, +which became the standard of the Court of Admiralty. He was made judge +of the same court in 1665, and in 1668, of the Prerogative Court in +Canterbury. He was likewise sent on an embassy to the Dutch. On his +return he was chosen member for the University of Oxford, sworn of the +privy council, and appointed secretary of state, which office he resigned +in 1684. On the accession of James, he was again elected member for +Oxford, but was prevented by ill health from sitting in that parliament, +and died in 1685. His letters and papers were collected and published by +W. Wynne, in two folio volumes; and all his estate was bequeathed by him +for charitable uses, and chiefly to Jesus College. + +_Thomas Johnes_ was born of an ancient Welsh family in Ludlow, in 1748. +He was educated at Eton, and Jesus College, Oxford, where he proceeded to +his Master’s degree. He was the proprietor of the estate of Havod, in +Cardiganshire, where he built a splendid mansion, and occupied himself +there in planting trees, and otherwise improving his property. He also +devoted himself to literary pursuits, the fruits of which are elegant +editions of the “Chronicles of Froissart and Monstrelet,” and several +other works, all of which he himself translated from the French, and +printed at his own establishment at Havod. He first obtained a seat in +parliament for the borough of Cardigan, and afterwards for the county of +Radnor; he was likewise auditor for Wales, and colonel of the +Caermarthenshire militia. In 1807, his library, consisting of the finest +typographical productions, and containing a number of valuable Welsh +manuscripts, was burnt in a fire which nearly destroyed the whole house. +He died in 1816. + +_Edward Jones_, D.D., was born near the town of Montgomery, and was +educated at Westminster School, whence he was elected to Trinity College, +Cambridge, where he was chosen fellow in 1667. He became master of +Kilkenny College, and dean of Lismore, in Ireland, and was made bishop of +Cloyne, and in 1692 he was translated to the see of St. Asaph. His +translation to this diocese was entirely owing to his being a native of +the country. He died at Westminster in 1703. + +[For an account of Edward Jones, Bardd y Brenin,—see _Addenda_.] + +_Owen Jones_, the distinguished Welsh antiquary, whose name will be ever +associated with the Welsh language, was born in Llanvihangel +Glyn-y-myvyr, Denbighshire, in 1741. In early life he removed to London, +and entered the employment of an eminent furrier, whom he eventually +succeeded. Being enthusiastically interested in the antiquities of his +native country, he devoted a great portion of his time to the collecting +of Welsh manuscripts; and the result of his disinterested patriotism has +been the publication of the “Archaiology of Wales,” in three volumes, +entirely at his own expense. He also procured transcripts of ancient +Welsh poetry, amounting to fifty volumes, quarto, which invaluable +collection is now deposited in the Cymmrodorion Library, in London. He +published the works of the famous poet, Davydd ap Gwilym, and also +“Dihewyd y Cristion.” In 1772, Mr. Jones, formed the Gwyneddigion +Society, for the purpose of patronizing the Bards of Wales, and promoting +the study of the Welsh language; and this excellent society annually +offers prize medals, and other rewards for compositions on various +subjects. After a most useful and active life, this amiable man, whose +zeal was only equalled by his private worth, died at his house in +Thames-street, London, September, 1814, in the seventy-third year of his +age. + +_Inigo Jones_, whose proper name was Ynyr, which in his travels in Italy, +he Italianized into Inigo, was born at Llanrwst, Denbighshire, about the +year 1572. Being originally destined for a mechanical employment, he +emerged from obscurity by dint of talent, which recommended him to the +Earl of Pembroke, a great patron of the fine arts, who also supplied him +with the means of visiting Italy, for the purpose of studying landscape +painting. While at Venice, the works of Paladio inspired him with a +taste for architecture, in the practice of which he arrived at unrivalled +excellence. His reputation recommended him to the notice of Christiern +the Fourth, King of Denmark, who bestowed on him the post of first +architect. Having returned to England, he was appointed architect to the +Queen, and Prince Henry, and afterwards to the Board of Works. His +acknowledged taste in classical architecture obtained for him sufficient +employment from court, and many of the nobility and gentry, so that he +realized a handsome fortune. Many proofs exist of the elegant taste of +this great architect; and he was also commissioner for the repairing of +St. Paul’s Cathedral, all of which was ruined by the great fire; but it +was subsequently rebuilt after Jones’s original design. During the civil +war he was forced to pay a fine on account of his known attachment to the +royal family; and being distressed at the ruin of the royal cause, and +worn down with suffering and old age, he died in July, 1652. He was a +good geometrician, and well skilled in various branches of literature and +science; but as an author he only published a curious treatise, to +attempt to prove that Stonehenge was a Roman temple. + +_John Jones_, L.L.D., an eminent divine and philologist, was a native of +Caermarthenshire. He was educated at the Dissenting College of Hackney; +and he became tutor in several Dissenting academies successively in Wales +and England. He finally settled in London, where he spent his time in +editing his numerous works; among the most popular of which are his +“Greek and English Lexicon,” and his “Grammar,” both Greek and Latin, +besides other works on education; and he likewise was held in great +esteem as a private tutor. He died in London in 1827. + +_William Jones_, an eminent mathematician, was born in the Isle of +Anglesey in 1680. At a very early age he applied himself diligently to +the study of mathematics; and in his twenty-second year he published a +“Compendium of the Art of Navigation,” which was much approved of. He +began his career in teaching these sciences on board of a man-of-war; and +he was present at the capture of Vigo. On his return to England, he gave +instructions in the mathematics in London, and having attracted the +notice of some influential men, he was appointed by Lord Hardwicke +secretary of the peace. He enjoyed the friendship of the great +mathematicians and writers of the age, among whom were Newton, Halley, +Head, and Dr. Johnson. He was member of the Royal Society, and then +vice-president. He was author of several valuable papers on mathematics, +which were published in the Philosophical Transactions. He died of a +polypus in the heart in July, 1749. + +Sir _William Jones_, the celebrated oriental scholar, was the son of the +subject of the preceding article, and was born in London, September, +1746. He received his early education at Harrow School, where he was +sent in his eighth year. He very soon attracted the notice of the +masters by his splendid genius; and in 1764, he was entered at University +College, Oxford. While here, he supported, at his own expense, a native +of Aleppo, for the purpose of acquiring the true pronunciation of the +Arabic. And having undertaken the office of tutor to Lord Althorpe, he +went with him to the German Spa, where he perfected himself in the German +language; and on his return, he distinguished himself by translating the +“Life of Nadir Shah” into French, which language he wrote with much +elegance. He obtained a college fellowship, and afterwards entered +himself as a law student in the Temple. In 1772, he published some +poems, and in the same year was elected a fellow of the Royal Society; +and in 1774, he was called to the bar; about two years after, he was made +commissioner of bankrupts. In the mean time, he published several works, +chiefly in oriental literature, which excited the admiration of the +world; and at the same time he was advancing rapidly in professional +reputation. In an election for the University of Oxford he offered +himself as a candidate, where, however, though respectably supported, he +did not succeed. On the accession of the Shelburne administration, he +obtained what had long been the summit of his ambition—the appointment of +Judge in the Supreme Court of Judicature in Bengal, to which he was +nominated in 1783, and received the honour of knighthood. He married +Miss Shipley, the daughter of the Bishop of St. Asaph; and in the same +year he arrived at Calcutta. While in India, he wrote numerous +translations from the Hindostanee, and formed there a society, similar to +the Royal Society of London, of which he was chosen the first president. +He next undertook to compile a complete digest of the Hindoo and +Mohammedan laws, which was not however completed by him. In 1794, he was +seized with an inflammation of the liver, and died on the 27th of April, +in the forty-eighth year of his age. Few men have died more respected +and lamented than Sir William Jones: his genius and profound learning had +attracted the praise of all; and as a linguist, he has not been +surpassed, for he knew no less than twenty-nine languages, and most of +them critically. All his works were collected and published by his +widow, in six volumes, quarto. + +_Lloyd_, _Lord Kenyon_, was born in Gredington, Flintshire, in 1732. He +was the second son of a gentleman of independent fortune, and was +originally intended to be brought up as a solicitor, and he was under the +instruction of an eminent lawyer at Nantwich. In consequence of the +death of an elder brother, he was entered at the Middle Temple, and after +being called to the bar, he attended various circuits before he obtained +any practice, which caused him to despair of succeeding in his +profession, and think of applying himself to divinity, and taking orders. +Active attention, however, and indefatigable industry, brought him at +length to notice and extensive practice. He confined himself afterwards +entirely to the Court of Chancery, where he obtained the most +distinguished celebrity, although he ranked high as a common lawyer. He +conducted the defence of Lord George Gordon, when he was tried for high +treason. In 1780 he was appointed Lord Chief Justice of Chester, and he +twice filled the office of Attorney-general. On the death of Sir John +Sewell, he accepted the office of Master of the Rolls, and in 1788 he +succeeded Lord Mansfield as Lord Chief Justice of the King’s Bench, where +he gave the greatest satisfaction by his integrity and able +administration of justice. He died in 1802, in his seventieth year. + +_David Lloyd_, L.L.D., was born at Llanidloes, Montgomeryshire, in the +year 1603. He was entered at the age of fourteen at All Soul’s College, +Oxford, where he afterwards became a fellow. Having taken orders, he +obtained the rectory of Trevdraeth, in Anglesea, in 1641, which he +resigned on his presentation to Llangynhaval in the following year, and +became successively vicar of Llanvair, in Dyfryn Clwyd, and warden of +Ruthin, and prebendary of Chester; out of all of which he was ejected +after the breaking out of the civil war, and for his loyalty he was a +great sufferer. On the accession of Charles the Second, he was restored +to his benefices, and promoted to the deanery of St. Asaph in 1660. He +was esteemed an ingenious man, and a good poet; and he published several +pieces which were prized for their wit. He died at Ruthin in September, +1663. + +_David Lloyd_, M.A., was born at Trawsvynydd, Merionethshire, in 1635, +and educated at Ruthin School. He removed thence to Oriel College, +Oxford, where he graduated, and obtained a college living. He +subsequently retired to Wales, where he was appointed chaplain to Bishop +Barrow, who, besides other preferment, gave him a canonry in the diocese +of St. Asaph. He was afterwards vicar of Northop, where he resided for +several years; he published several works, of which the principal are +“Worthies of the World,” 1665, octavo; “Memories of Statesmen and +Favourites of England,” octavo. He was zealous and industrious in the +discharge of his clerical duties, and esteemed by all for his charitable +disposition. On finding his health decaying, he retired to the place of +his nativity, where he died in 1691. + +_Henry Lloyd_ was the son of a clergyman in Wales, where he was born in +1729. His early education he received from his father, who instructed +him in the classics and mathematics. Being intended for the army, he +went abroad, and was at the battle of Fontenoy; he afterwards travelled +in Germany, and resided in Austria for some years, where he was appointed +aid-de-camp to Marshal Lascy, and received higher promotion. In 1760 he +commanded a large detachment of cavalry and infantry, which was destined +to observe the motions of the Prussians. He executed this service with +great success; but soon after, for some reason, he threw up his +commission in disgust. He was next employed by the King of Prussia, and +served in two campaigns until the peace. On the breaking out of the war +between the Turks and Russians, he offered his services to Catherine the +Second, who made him a major-general, and he greatly distinguished +himself at the seige of Silistria in 1774, and subsequently he had the +command of 30,000 men in the war with Sweden. After his return to +England, he published several works on military tactics, which are highly +thought of, and placed him in a high rank as a military writer. He died +at Huy, in the Netherlands, in 1783. + +_Hugh Lloyd_, D.D., was a native of South Wales, where he was born in the +year 1589, and having been brought up for the church, and having received +an University education, he became rector of Llangatoc, in Breconshire, +and archdeacon of St. David’s. In 1660 he was advanced to the bishopric +of Llandav, where he continued until his death, which took place in 1667, +and he was buried in his cathedral. + +_Humffrey Lloyd_, D.D., was born in 1610, at Trawsvynydd, Merionethshire. +He received an academical education; and having taken orders, he became +in time, a prebendary of York, and vicar of Rhiwabon, in Denbighshire, +and likewise a prebendary of Chester; out of which he was ejected in the +great rebellion; but living to be restored in 1660, he was made canon of +St. Asaph the following year, and in 1667 dean of the same cathedral; in +1673 he was raised to the bishopric of Bangor. He was a great benefactor +to his cathedral, and greatly increased the revenues of his see. He died +in 1688. + +_John Lloyd_, D.D., was a native of Caermarthenshire, where he was born +in 1638. He was entered at Merton College, Oxford, whence he removed to +Jesus College, where he graduated, and of which in time he became +prebendary. He also discharged the office of vice-chancellor in that +University with great satisfaction, and was held in high esteem for his +piety and learning. In 1686 he was promoted to the bishopric of St. +David’s, but by reason of ill health he removed to Oxford, and died at +Jesus College in 1687. + +_Nicholas Lloyd_, an eminent divine, and philological writer, was born in +Flintshire in 1634. He received his education at Winchester School, and +Wadham College, Oxford, where he obtained a fellowship. He was for some +years rector of Newington Butts, near London, to which he had been +appointed by the Bishop of Worcester, to whom he was chaplain. He died +there in 1680. He published an excellent and highly esteemed “Historical +and Geographical Dictionary,” in Latin, which has been the basis of many +similar compilations. + +_William Lloyd_, D.D., an eminent prelate, was the son of the Rev. +Richard Lloyd, Rector of Tilehurst, Berks, who came from Henblas, in +Anglesea, and was born at his father’s living in 1627. At the early age +of eleven he was entered at Oriel College, Oxford, whence he removed to +New College, and subsequently to Jesus College, where he became +successively a scholar and fellow. Having taken orders in 1648, he was +presented to the rectory of Bradfield, Berks, in 1654, which he +afterwards resigned. He was appointed chaplain to Charles the Second, +and prebendary of Salisbury, then rector of St. Mary’s, in Reading, and +archdeacon of Merioneth; four years after, he was made dean of Bangor. +After various other preferment, he was advanced to the bishopric of St. +Asaph in 1680. He was one of the seven bishops who were committed to the +Tower for subscribing and presenting a petition to King James, +deprecating his assumed power of suspending the laws against popery. +Bishop Lloyd having heartily concurred in the Revolution, was appointed +lord almoner to King William, and in 1692 he was translated to Lichfield +and Coventry, and thence in 1699 to Worcester. His writings, which +relate to history and divinity are greatly prized, and are distinguished +for the learning and acute judgment exhibited in them. He died in 1717. + +_William Lloyd_, D.D., was a native of Wales, and was educated at St. +John’s College, Cambridge, and graduated there. Having taken orders, he +obtained various preferment, and in 1675 he was made bishop of Llandaff, +from whence he was translated to Peterborough in 1679, and thence in 1685 +to the see of Norwich, out of which he was ejected for not taking the +oath to King William and Queen Mary. He retired to Hammersmith, near +London, where he died in 1710. + +_Edward Llwyd_, M.A., an eminent British antiquary and naturalist, was a +native of Cardiganshire, where he was born about 1670. At the age of +seventeen, he was entered at Jesus College, Oxford, where he graduated. +He succeeded Dr. Plot, the keeper of the Ashmolean Museum, and applied +himself with great diligence to the study of the language of the early +Britons, and for that purpose he travelled in the countries where it +still remained. After having visited Ireland, Scotland, Cornwall, and +Bretagne, and making himself perfect in the various dialects, he +published the results of his accurate observations in the “Archæologia +Britannica,” which was the first volume of a series on a great plan, +which he did not live to carry on; and his death taking place before the +ample materials which he had provided were properly arranged for the +press, the whole of his manuscripts were sold to Sir Thomas Sebright, but +not before Jesus College and the University had refused to purchase them. +They subsequently came to the possession of Colonel Johnes, of Havod, and +were mostly burnt in the fire which nearly destroyed that gentleman’s +mansion. He died in 1709. He was also author of “Lithophylacii +Britannici Ichnographia,” and a catalogue of the manuscripts in the +Ashmolean Museum, besides several papers published in the Philosophical +Transactions. + +_Humfrey Lloyd_, M.A., a learned antiquary and historian, was born in the +town of Denbigh in 1527. He was entered a gentleman commoner of +Brazen-nose College, Oxford, where he graduated in 1551, and studied +medicine. He returned to his native place, where he practised his +profession, and also represented it in parliament. He was highly +esteemed by Camden, and the geographer Ortelius, to whom he addressed his +“Commentarioli Britannicæ descriptionis fragmentum,” published at Cologne +in 1572. He also translated Caradog of Llancarvan’s “History of +Cambria,” which was edited by Dr. Powel, in 1584, quarto, and he was +author of a letter “De Monâ Druidum Insulâ antiquitati suæ restitutâ.” +He died in 1568. + +_Christopher Love_, an eminent Presbyterian divine, was born at Caerdiff, +in 1618. He was originally intended for trade, and was apprenticed in +London; but his father was persuaded afterwards to give him an University +education, and accordingly he was entered at New-Inn Hall, Oxford, where +he proceeded in due order to his degrees of bachelor and master of arts, +and entered the church. Upon his refusal to subscribe to the canons +which were enjoined by Archbishop Laud, he was expelled the congregation +of masters. Upon the establishment of the Presbyterian government, he +was ordained to preach at St. Mary’s, Aldermanbury; and he was one of the +commissioners appointed by parliament at the treaty of Uxbridge. He was +one of the London ministers who signed a declaration against putting the +King to death, and subsequently he took an active share in a conspiracy +to place Charles the Second on the throne, which was detected by the +vigilance of Cromwell; and Mr. Love was tried, and beheaded on Tower-hill +in August, 1651. + +_Richard Lucas_, D.D., an excellent divine, and classical scholar, was +born at Presteign, Radnorshire, in 1648. He received an University +education at Jesus College, Oxford, where he graduated. In 1683 he was +elected by the parishioners to the lectureship of St. Olave’s, Southwark, +and the vicarage of St. Stephen’s, Coleman-street. He obtained +afterwards a stall in Westminster, which he held for nineteen years. His +writings consist of sermons and various other theological works. + +_Francis Mansel_ was the third son of Sir Francis Mansel, of Muddlescomb, +Caermarthenshire, where he was born in 1588. He was educated at Hereford +School, and Jesus College, Oxford. He became a fellow of All Souls, and +in 1620 he was elected principal of Jesus College. He was ejected from +his office at the parliamentary visitation in 1648, and he retired to +Wales, where he assisted the royal cause with his greatest exertions, and +consequently exposed himself to the persecutions of the parliamentary +party. He was a very great benefactor to his college, and considerably +increased its revenues, and he obtained besides for it a valuable +library. He died in May, 1665. + +_Henry Maurice_, D.D., an eminently learned and talented divine, was born +in 1648, at Llangristiolus, in Anglesea. He was sent to Jesus College, +Oxford, in his sixteenth year, where his abilities and great merit +recommended him to the notice of the principal, Sir Leoline Jenkins, who +made him a scholar of the college, and afterwards fellow. When Sir +Leoline was sent on an embassy to Cologne, he appointed Mr. Maurice to be +his chaplain, in which station he gave the greatest satisfaction by his +diligent attention to his duties; and on his return to England, he became +acquainted with Dr. Lloyd, afterwards bishop of St. Asaph, who +recommended him to Archbishop Sancroft, and he was appointed his +chaplain, and soon after rector of Newington, and prebendary of +Chichester. He published some treatises against popery; and in 1691 he +was elected Lady Margaret’s professor of divinity in Oxford. He died +suddenly in 1693, at Newington. It was observed when Dr. Maurice was +appointed chaplain to the Archbishop, that several of the highest offices +in church and state had been filled by Welshmen. Dr. Dolben was +Archbishop of York, Dr. Lloyd Bishop of St. Asaph, Sir George Jefferies +Lord Chancellor, Sir Leoline Jenkins Secretary of State, Sir Thomas Jones +Lord Chief Justice, Sir John Trevor Master of the Rolls, and Sir William +Williams Speaker of the House of Commons. + +_Thomas Maurice_, the celebrated orientalist, was a member of a +respectable Welsh family. On the death of his father, who had been a +master in Christ’s Hospital for twenty-six years, Thomas, the eldest of +six children, was admitted on the foundation there, but he was afterwards +removed to various seminaries in the country for the benefit of his +health; the last of which was the celebrated one of Dr. Parr’s, at +Stanmore-hill. At the age of nineteen he was entered at St. John’s +College, Oxford, whence he subsequently removed to University College, +and here he commenced author at an early period, by publishing a +translation of “Sophaclis Ædipus Tyrannus,” which gained him great +credit; this was soon followed by some other pieces of verse and prose. +On taking orders, he obtained the curacy of Woodford, in Essex, and +afterwards he purchased a chaplaincy in the ninety-seventh regiment. In +1783 he commenced the arduous undertaking of his “History of India,” the +various volumes of which appeared successively at different times—the +last in 1804. He was presented by Earl Spencer to the vicarage of +Wormleighton, in Warwickshire, in 1799; and the appointment of assistant +librarian to the British Museum was also bestowed upon him; and in 1804 +he was presented to the living of Cudham, Kent, by the Lord Chancellor. +He died at his rooms in the Museum, March 30th, 1824. Besides his great +works on India, he was the author of numerous poems, dissertations, and +other miscellanies, all of which ranked him high as a literary character. + +_Rowland Meyrick_, L.L.D., was born at Bodorgan, in Anglesea, in 1505. +He was educated at Oxford, where he subsequently became principal of +New-Inn Hall; and after holding various preferments, he was advanced to +the bishopric of Bangor in 1559, where he died in 1565. + +_Sir Hugh Middleton_, well known as the maker of the New River, London, +was the son of Richard Middleton, Esq., governor of Denbigh Castle, under +Edward the Sixth, Mary, and Elizabeth. Having settled in London as a +goldsmith, he made several successful speculations in some mines in +Cardiganshire, and became an alderman. Observing the scarcity of good +water in London, he took entirely upon himself to supply the metropolis +with a stream of pure water; for the corporation, with all its wealth, +conceiving the undertaking to be too difficult, refused to have any share +in it. He, however, patriotically persevered; and after almost the ruin +of his own fortune, he succeeded in obtaining assistance from the King +for a share, and it was completed. The water was let in before an +immense concourse on Michaelmas-day, in 1613. He was knighted, and in +1622 he was created a baronet. His death took place in 1631. + +_Robert Morgan_, D.D., was born at Llandysilio, Montgomeryshire, in 1608. +He was entered at Jesus College, and thence he removed to St. John’s +College, Cambridge, where he graduated. Having taken orders, he became +chaplain to Bishop Dolben, who preferred him, in 1632, to the vicarage of +Llanwnog, Montgomeryshire, and rectory of Llangynhaval. He was +afterwards prebendary of Chester, vicar of Llanvair, Denbighshire, and +rector of Trevdraeth, and Llandyvnan, in Anglesea; out of all which he +was ejected during the usurpation of Cromwell, during which he was a +great sufferer for his loyalty. In 1660 he was restored to his +benefices, and was promoted to the archdeaconry of Meirioneth; and in +1666 he was raised to the bishopric of Bangor. He died in 1673, and was +buried in his cathedral, which had been greatly improved at his cost. + +_William Morgan_, D.D., the first translator of the Bible into the Welsh +language, was born at Penmachno, Caernarvonshire, and was educated at St. +John’s College, Cambridge. He was vicar of Welsh-pool, in +Montgomeryshire, and obtained other preferment. Having occasion to go to +London to see Archbishop Whitgift, his grace conceived a high opinion of +his abilities, and appointed him his chaplain. At the Archbishop’s +desire, he undertook a translation of the Bible into Welsh, which was +published in 1588, black letter, folio. The New Testament was only +corrected by him from a translation by William Salusbury, a Denbighshire +gentleman, who first published the Epistles and Gospels for the whole +year, in Edward the Sixth’s time. Queen Elizabeth rewarded Dr. Morgan +with the bishopric of Llandaff, in 1595, and he was translated to the see +of St. Asaph in 1601. He died in 1604. + +_Hugh Morris_, one of the first of Welsh poets, was born at +Pont-y-Meibion, in Denbighshire, in the year 1622. Being a younger son, +he was apprenticed by his father, who was a respectable freeholder, to a +tanner in Flintshire. He did not carry on his trade, but lived a life of +retirement in the cultivation of his talent for poetry, of which he has +left us splendid memorial. The productions of his pen are numerous; and +these valuable poems have been patriotically collected and published by +an eminent Welsh scholar and divine, in two volumes. Hugh Morris, on the +breaking out of the civil war, was a stanch friend to royalty, and he +exerted all the powers of his pen in its support, and there is no doubt +but that his writings had great influence over the minds of the common +people, ever attached to poetry. His satirical poems, where he lashes +the religious cant and vile hypocrisy of the times, are unequalled for +the keen wit and cutting irony, which he handles in so masterly a manner. +He was universally esteemed for his great abilities and excellent +character, and always exercised his influence in behalf of justice and +benevolence, and in the furtherance of religion. He died at the place of +his birth in 1709, in the eighty-seventh year of his age. + +_Lewis Morris_, an eminent poet and antiquary, was born in the Isle of +Anglesea in the year 1702. In his youth he received but a slender +education; but, however, he and three other brothers, through +self-instruction, and cultivation of their natural talent, became eminent +characters in various branches of knowledge and science. He was chiefly +employed in the service of government; and in 1737 he was appointed by +the admiralty to survey the coast of Wales, which he accomplished with +great satisfaction, and an account of it was published in 1748. At the +same period he had the appointment of the surveyorship of the crown lands +in Wales, and in 1750 he had the additional offices of superintendent and +agent of the King’s mines in the principality. He was a very good poet +in his native language, and several of his productions have been +published. As an antiquary he was eminently skilful, and it is greatly +to be lamented that a valuable work entitled “Celtic Remains,” which he +left in manuscript, has never been sent to the press, as his acute and +learned remarks would be a great addition to illustrate our national +antiquities. He collected about eighty volumes of Welsh manuscripts, +which are now deposited in the Welsh School Library, in London. He died +in 1765, in Cardiganshire. + +_Goronwy Owen_, A.M., was born about the year 1722, at Llanvair Mathavarn +Eithav, in Anglesea. His parents being in a humble condition, were not +able to bestow upon him a proper education in his youth, but his great +abilities and industry overcame every obstacle. He was at a respectable +seminary at Pwllheli, where he became second master, and from thence he +removed to Oxford. He was ordained deacon in 1745, and for a short time +he held the curacy of his native parish, where he enjoyed great happiness +among his friends and early acquaintances. He was obliged to resign +this, to make room for a friend of the bishop’s chaplain, who had +appointed him to it, and this took place with the bishop’s sanction. He +next removed to the neighbourhood of Oswestry, and soon after he was +appointed curate of Oswestry. In the year 1748, he became curate of +Donington, in Shropshire, where he kept also a school in order to add to +his small income, and support an increasing family. Here he composed +“Cowydd y Varn,” one of his most celebrated pieces; and what portion of +time he could spare from the drudgery of school-keeping, he spent in the +study of Hebrew, Arabic, Syriac, and Chaldee. In 1733 he removed to the +curacy of Watton, in Lancashire. His great desire was to obtain even the +smallest preferment in any part of his native country, but he was +disappointed and neglected; and in 1755 he resigned his curacy and went +to London, where his countrymen had an intention of building a Welsh +church, and to which he was to be appointed minister. When this plan did +not succeed, he became curate of Northold, where he remained two years, +when an offer was made to him of preferment in America; and by the +assistance of the Cymmrodorion in London, he crossed the Atlantic, to St. +Andrew’s, in Virginia; here he settled for some time, but afterwards +removed to New Brunswick, and from thence to Williamsburg. The time of +his death is not well known. This talented man was one of the greatest +poets that ever appeared among the Welsh, and his poetical works were +printed, with other productions, in a volume, under the title of +“Diddanwch Teuluaidd.” + +_Henry Owen_, an eminent divine and philologist, was the son of a +gentleman of fortune, in Merionethshire, where he was born, at Tanygader, +in 1716. He was educated at Ruthin Grammar school, from whence he +removed to Jesus College, Oxford. He originally intended to practise +physic, but entered into orders, and after various preferment, he became +rector of St. Olave, Hart-street, London, and vicar of Edmonton, +Middlesex. His numerous works consist chiefly of theological subjects, +and he edited “Xenophon’s Memorabilia,” “Critical Disquisitions,” and +“Critica Sacra, or Hebrew Criticism.” He also furnished several papers +to the “Archaiologia.” His death took place in 1795. + +_John Owen_, the celebrated epigrammatist, was a native of +Caernarvonshire. He was educated at Winchester School, and New College, +Oxford, where he graduated L.L.D., and became a fellow. He afterwards +held the mastership of a grammar-school, near Monmouth, whence he removed +to a similar situation in Warwick. While here, he distinguished himself +by his skill in Latin poetry, and more particularly epigrams. This +talent, however, did great harm, for he was struck out of the will of a +rich uncle for his satirical epigrams on the church of Rome. He died in +1622, and he was buried in St. Paul’s Cathedral, at the expense of +Archbishop Williams, by whom he was supported in the latter part of his +life. His epigrams have been several times reprinted, both in England, +and on the Continent; they are justly admired for their wit and purity of +language. + +_John Owen_, D.D., the most eminent of Nonconformist divines in this +country, was descended of a respectable family in North Wales, though +born at Stadham, in Oxfordshire, in 1616, of which place his father, a +native of Wales, was vicar. He was educated at Queen’s College, Oxford, +where he was supported by a rich uncle, living in North Wales; but who, +being a royalist, was offended at his nephew’s principles, and died +without leaving him anything. On the breaking out of the civil war, he +sided with the parliament, and became a Presbyterian in his religious +opinions; and his display of Arminianism, which was published in 1642, so +recommended him to the prevailing party, that he was presented to the +living of Fordham, in Essex, and subsequently by the Earl of Warwick, at +the request of the parishioners, to that of Coggeshall, in the same +county. Having now acquired great celebrity, and become acquainted with +General Fairfax during the seige of Colchester, he was appointed to +preach at Whitehall the day after the execution of Charles the First. He +soon after became a favourite with Cromwell, whom he accompanied on his +expeditions to Ireland and Scotland; and in 1651 he was appointed to the +deanery of Christ Church, Oxford, on which appointment he received his +doctor’s degree, and in 1652, Cromwell being chancellor, Owen was made +his vice-chancellor, which office he held for five years. On the death +of his patron, the Protector, he was deprived of his office and deanery, +through the influence of the Presbyterian party, whom he had offended by +adopting the Independent mode of worship, which he thought more +conformable to the New Testament; and he published his reasons for +thinking so, in two volumes, quarto. On the Restoration, his merit was +so highly appreciated, that Lord Clarendon offered him immediate +preferment if he would conform, which he respectfully declined. This +eminent man died at Ealing, Middlesex, in 1683. His works, which are of +high Calvinistic principles, are very numerous, amounting to seven folio, +twenty quarto, and thirty octavo volumes. + +_John Owens_, D.D., was the son of Owen Owens, of Bodsilin, in +Caernarvonshire, the last archdeacon of Anglesea. He was born at Burton +Latimers, Northamptonshire, where his father was rector, and was educated +at Jesus College, Cambridge, of which he became a fellow, and succeeded +to his father’s living in 1618. He was appointed chaplain to Charles the +First, when he was Prince of Wales, who, on the supposition that he was a +Welshman, which he was in every respect excepting the place of his +nativity, preferred him to the bishopric of St. Asaph in 1629. This +excellent prelate was distinguished for his incomparable skill in the +Welsh language, and for his pious zeal in promoting the good of his +diocese. He was the first who established there preaching in Welsh, and +laid out great sums of money in new building and beautifying several +parts of his cathedral, and especially in the erection of an organ. Upon +the breaking out of the civil war, he was a great and extraordinary +sufferer; and he died near St. Asaph, 1651, and was buried under the +episcopal throne, when the church was used as a stable for horses and +oxen. He was author of “Herod and Pontius Pilate reconciled.” + +_Lewis Owen_, who distinguished himself by his writings against the +Jesuits, was born in Meirionethshire in 1572. He went abroad, and +entered the Society of Jesuits in Spain, but being disgusted at their +behaviour and principles, he withdrew from them, and made use of the +information which he had gained in exposing them in his works, which are +the “Running Register.” “Unmasking of all popish priests,” &c., and +“Speculum Jesuiticum,” which abound in details to their disadvantage. He +died in 1631. + +_Morgan Owen_, D.D., was a native of South Wales, and was educated at +Oxford, where he graduated. Having taken orders, he obtained various +preferment, and in 1640 he was installed bishop of Llandaff. On the +breaking out of the civil war, he retired to Glasallt, Caermarthenshire, +and was a very great sufferer on account of his loyalty. On receiving +the news of the death of his patron, Archbishop Laud, he died suddenly +soon after he heard it, in 1645, and he was buried in the same county. + +_John Humphreys Parry_, an ingenious antiquary, and one of the most +pleasing and learned writers of the present age, was born at Mold, in +Flintshire, in 1787, and his father was rector of the neighbouring parish +of Llanverras. After an University education, he became a member of the +Temple in 1807, and in due time he was called to the bar in 1810. He +obtained considerable reputation in his profession, and gained great +praise by the publication of the “Cambro Briton,” in three volumes, which +appeared periodically, and the value of which was greatly enhanced by his +valuable and judicious notes; he was the author also of the “Cambrian +Plutarch,” and several prize essays. He was appointed the editor of the +transactions of the London Cymmrodorion, a volume of which appeared under +his auspices. His native country sustained a great loss by his death, +which took place in 1825, in a most melancholy manner: a drunken man +knocked him down in the street; he fell with his head against the +pavement, and was killed upon the spot, leaving a wife and five children +unprovided for. + +_Richard Parry_, D.D., was born at Ruthin, Denbighshire, in the year +1578, and was educated at Westminster School, under Camden, from whence +he was elected a student of Christ Church, Oxford; at the age of +nineteen, he became chancellor of Bangor, vicar of Gresford, and then +dean of Bangor. On the accession of James the First, who had a high +opinion of his learning, he nominated him to the bishopric of St. Asaph +in 1604. He was a prelate of great learning and piety; and he revised +the Bible which was translated by Dr. Morgan, and published a second +edition in 1620, which is now the standard of the Welsh translation of +the Bible. He founded a scholarship in Jesus College, Oxford, to be held +by one who has been educated at Ruthin School, where he was the second +who held the mastership after its foundation by Dean Goodman. He died at +Diserth, near St. Asaph, in September, 1623. + +_Thomas Pennant_, the celebrated antiquary and naturalist, was born at +Bychton, in Flintshire, in the year 1726. He studied at Queen’s College, +Oxford, and he afterwards removed to Oriel, which he left without taking +a degree. Being of an active and talented mind, he imbibed early a taste +for natural history; and the first effort of his pen appeared in an +account of an earthquake which was felt at Downing, and it was published +in the “Philosophical Transactions.” In 1754 he was elected a fellow of +the Antiquarian Society, and in 1757, at the instance of the great +Linnæus, he was also elected fellow of the Royal Society at Upsal. He +published the first edition of his “British Zoology” in 1761. He soon +after visited the Continent, where he became intimate with Buffon, +Pallas, and several other distinguished naturalists. In 1768 a new +edition of the British Zoology appeared, and it was successively followed +by his other works on Natural History, and “Tours in Scotland and Wales.” +In 1790 was published his “Account of London,” which was received with +great avidity, and rapidly passed through several editions. His works +are very numerous, and will ever remain a lasting proof of his splendid +talents, both as an accurate observer of nature, and diligent antiquary. +Several of his works were translated into German, and other Continental +languages; and he was frequently consulted by the great naturalists of +his time, and his opinions recorded in their publications. His accounts +have always been looked upon as most authentic; and he holds the first +rank as a writer from the popular and interesting style of his narrative, +and his incomparable skill in the selection of subjects for illustration. +He may be esteemed as one of the greatest patrons of the art of +engraving, for upwards of one thousand plates were used in the +embellishment of his works. He ended an active and useful life at the +family seat of Downing, near Holywell, in December, 1798. + +_Sir Thomas Picton_, a British general, was born at Poyston, +Pembrokeshire, in 1758. Having entered the army, he served with great +reputation in the West Indies; and his skill and gallantry were +conspicuously displayed in a long service of forty-five years, both +there, and in the marshes of Holland, and in the peninsula of Spain and +Portugal. On the morning of the battle of Waterloo, he fell gloriously +leading his division to a charge of bayonets, by which one of the most +serious attacks made by the enemy was defeated. After his death a wound +was discovered, which he had received two days before, and which he +heroically concealed, having dressed it himself only with a piece of torn +handkerchief. He died greatly lamented, and his meritorious life was +distinguished for his zeal in the service of his country. + +_Henry Parry_ was born in Flintshire. He was educated at Gloucester +Hall, Oxford, where he took his degrees in arts, and his degree of B.D., +at Jesus College, in 1597. He travelled much abroad, and on his return, +he obtained the rectory of Rhoscolyn, in Anglesea, in 1601, and in 1612 +he was installed canon of Bangor. He died in 1617. He augmented and +published a “Welsh Rhetoric, or Egluryn Fraethineb,” which was originally +written by William Salusbury, and is commended by Dr. Davies. + +_Hester Lynch Piozzi_, was the daughter of John Salusbury, of Bodvel, in +Caernarvonshire. She was a distinguished authoress, and well known as a +friend of Johnson, who made a Tour in Wales on a visit to her. She was +first married, in 1763, to Mr. Thrale, member of parliament for +Southwark, and after his death, she became the wife of Signor Piozzi, a +Florentine. Her works are rather numerous, but the best known perhaps +are her “Anecdotes of Johnson,” with whom she was a great favourite until +her second marriage. She died a widow, at Clifton, in 1821, at a very +advanced age. + +_David Powel_, D.D., was a native of Denbighshire. In 1568 he was sent +to be educated at Oxford, and after the erection of Jesus College, in +1571, he removed thither, and having proceeded through his bachelor’s +degree, he graduated M.A. in 1576. Having taken orders, he obtained the +livings of Rhiwabon and Llanvyllin, and became a prebendary of St. Asaph; +in 1584 he was appointed chaplain to Sir Henry Sidney, then president of +Wales. His first work, “Caradog’s History of Wales,” quarto, appeared in +1584, which had been partly translated from the Welsh by Humphrey Llwyd, +and was finished by Powel, who illustrated it with annotations. This was +followed in the following year by “Pontici Virunii Historia Britannica,” +octavo. He was also author of “De Britannica Historia recte intelligenda +Epistola ad Gul. Fleetwood, Civ. Lond. Recordatorem.” He is said to have +undertaken the compilation of a Welsh Dictionary, but he died before it +was completed, which event took place in 1598. + +_John Price_ was born of Welsh parents in London, in the year 1600. He +was educated at Westminster School, and Christ Church, Oxford, whence he +removed to Florence, having become a Catholic, and he was there admitted +doctor of civil law. He held the appointment of keeper of the ducal +cabinet of medals and antiquities, and subsequently he became professor +of Greek at Pisa. He was a very ingenious and learned critic, as his +“Commentaries on the New Testament” and “Notes on Apuleius” testify. He +died at a convent, in Rome, in the year 1676. + +_Richard Price_, D.D., was a native of Glamorganshire, and was born at +Llangunnor in 1723. He was educated at Talgarth, and afterwards removed +to a Presbyterian academy in London. He became pastor of a congregation +at Hackney; and in 1769 he was complimented with the diploma of doctor in +divinity by the University of Glasgow. He was the author of several +mathematical, statistical, and political works; and for one of them he +was presented with a gold snuff-box, containing a vote of thanks by the +corporation of London. He was also fellow of the Royal Society, in whose +Transactions he wrote several papers. He died in 1791. + +_Sir John Price_, L.L.D., was a native of Breconshire. He was a learned +and ingenious antiquary, and was author of “Historiæ Britannicæ +Defensio,” quarto, which was written in answer to Polydore Virgil, and +was published after his death by his son, in 1573. He was one of the +King’s council in the court of the marches, and was one of the +commissioners employed by Henry the Eighth, to survey the monasteries +that were to be dissolved. He died in 1553. + +_Robert Price_, D.D., an eminent prelate, was the son of Colonel Price, +of Rhiwlas, in Meirionethshire, where he was born. He was educated at +Christ Church, Oxford, and after taking orders, was for some time vicar +of Towyn, in Meirionethshire, and afterwards chancellor of the diocese of +Bangor. He was promoted to the bishopric of Ferns, in Ireland; and on +the death of Bishop Roberts, in 1665, he was nominated to succeed him in +the see of Bangor; but his death took place before his election was +completed, and he was buried in the cathedral church of St. Patrick, +Dublin. + +_Rees Prichard_, the celebrated author of “Canwyll y Cymry,” was born at +Llanymddyvri, Caermarthenshire. At the age of eighteen, he was entered +at Jesus College, Oxford, in 1597, and graduated B.A. in 1602, and +obtained the vicarage of his own parish. In 1613 he was instituted to +the rectory of Llanedy, in the diocese of St. David’s; and he was +chaplain to the Earl of Essex. In the following year he was made +prebendary of the collegiate church of Brecon, and in 1626 chancellor of +St. David’s. As long as the Welsh language endures, will the memory of +Prichard be kept with gratitude; and few productions ever caused such a +profitable and rapid change in improving the morals of his countrymen. +He died in 1644. + +_Edmund Prys_, M.A., a distinguished Welsh poet, was born in the year +1541. After an academical education, he entered the church, and in 1572 +he was made rector of Festiniog, and in 1576 archdeacon of Meirioneth. +In 1602 he obtained a canonry in St. Asaph. He was a very learned man, +and particularly distinguished himself by an elegant metrical version of +the Psalms, which is still in use. There are also extant fifty-four +controversial poems between the Archdeacon and a contemporary Bard, +William Cynwal, both holding a high rank in the first class of the Welsh +poets of that age. It is also said that Cynwal fell a victim to the +poignancy of the Archdeacon’s satire. The last poem of the fifty-four is +a most pathetic elegy, composed by Prys when the news of his rival’s +death reached him; he was also an elegant Latin poet, and a specimen of +his talent is prefixed to Dr. Davies’s Welsh and Latin Grammar. He died +at Maentwrog about the year 1622. + +_Abraham Rees_, D.D., the author of the well known Cyclopædia, which +bears his name, was born at Montgomery, in 1743. His father being a +Dissenting minister, placed him first under Dr. Jenkins, of Caermarthen, +and subsequently at the Hoxton Academy, where his brilliant talents and +rapid progress procured his being appointed at an early age mathematical +tutor to the institution, and afterwards resident tutor, which place he +retained for twenty-two years. He then removed, and became resident +tutor of the Natural Sciences at the Dissenting Academy at Hackney, in +1786. He was minister of a Dissenting congregation in St. Thomas’s, +Southwark, and in the Old Jewry. He was a fellow of the Royal and +Linnean Societies, and he obtained his doctor’s degree in Edinburgh, at +the express recommendation of the illustrious Robertson, the historian. +He was author of some other works, besides the valuable and learned +“Cyclopædia.” He died in June, 1825, in his eighty-second year. + +_John Davydd Rhys_, M.D., an eminent grammarian, was born in the Isle of +Anglesea, in 1534. He was educated at Christ Church, Oxford, and entered +the medical profession; he removed to Sienna, where he took his doctor’s +degree. While there, he greatly distinguished himself by his skill in +the Italian language, the fruits of which are “De Italicæ linguæ +pronunciatione,” which was printed in Padua, and “Rules for obtaining the +Latin tongue,” printed at Venice, in Italian. His valuable “Welsh +Grammar” was published in 1592, folio. His death took place in the year +1609. + +_Peter Roberts_, an eminent divine, and writer on British history, was +born at Rhiwabon, Denbighshire, in 1760. He was educated at the +Grammar-school of St. Asaph, and removed thence to Trinity College, +Dublin, where his abilities soon became conspicuous. He applied himself +to the study of astronomy and the oriental languages; and at one time it +was supposed that he would have succeeded Dr. Usher, as professor of +astronomy in that University. He became afterwards private tutor to +several noblemen and gentlemen of rank; and in 1800, was published, his +“Harmony of the Epistles,” a work of exceedingly high character and +labour, which the University of Cambridge printed at their own expense. +Having been presented to the living of Llanarmon, he dedicated his +leisure time to the elucidation of the antiquities of his native country. +The fruits of his labours in this department are well known—“Collectanea +Cambrica,” “Early History of the Cymry,” and “Cambrian Popular +Antiquities.” He was presented also with the living of Madely, in +Shropshire, by Lord Crew. The living of Llanarmon he subsequently +exchanged for the rectory of Halkin, Flintshire, where he died in 1819. +As an excellent critic in his native language, and equally so in Hebrew +and Rabbinical learning, his works are a sufficient proof; and his +“Letters to Volney” show to advantage the depth of his reasoning powers +and scientific acquirements. + +_William Roberts_, D.D., was a native of Denbighshire, where he was born +in 1585. He was educated at Queen’s College, Cambridge, where he became +fellow, and subsequently sub-dean of Wells, and rector of Llandyrnog. He +was made bishop of Bangor in 1637. During the great rebellion he +suffered much for his loyalty, and was deprived of all his benefices, and +all the church lands were sequestered; but, however, he was restored to +all in 1660. He was a great benefactor to his cathedral, in which he +erected an organ, and bequeathed money for beautifying it. He founded an +exhibition for a scholar from the diocese of Bangor, in Queen’s College, +Cambridge, and a similar one in Jesus College, Oxford. He left also +200_l._ to be distributed among two parishes in the suburbs of London, +which were visited by the plague. He died near Denbigh, in the year +1665. + +_Nicholas Robinson_ was a native of Aberconwy, in Caernarvonshire, and +was educated at Queen’s College, Cambridge, where he obtained a +fellowship, and was appointed chaplain to Parker, Archbishop of +Canterbury. He was made dean of Bangor in 1556, and obtained the +sinecure rectory of Northop, in Flintshire, in 1562, and he was likewise +archdeacon of Meirioneth. In 1566 he was raised to the bishopric of +Bangor; and he held the living of Whitney, in Oxfordshire, in commendam. +He died in 1585. + +_Henry Rowlands_, D.D., was born in Mellteyrn, in Caernarvonshire, in +1551, and was educated at New College, Oxford. He obtained the rectory +of his native parish in 1572, and subsequently of Launton, in +Oxfordshire. He was advanced to the deanery of Bangor in 1593, and was +consecrated bishop of the same diocese in 1598. He was a most munificent +benefactor to his cathedral, and bestowed great sums in improving and +adorning it. He also founded two fellowships in Jesus College, Oxford; +and bequeathed money for the foundation of a school in his native place. +He died in 1616. + +_Henry Rowlands_, B.A., the author of the valuable and learned work +entitled “Mona Antiqua Restaurata,” was a native of the Isle of Anglesea. +Having taken orders, he became vicar of Llanidan. He devoted his leisure +time to the examination of the antiquities which abound in his native +island; and his researches afford important information concerning the +language and manners of the Cymmry. He endeavours to prove that Môn was +the metropolitan seat of the Druids; and his work first appeared in 1723, +and a second edition was published in London, in 1766. He died in 1722. + +_Grufydd Roberts_, a learned grammarian, distinguished himself by the +publication of a valuable “Welsh Grammar,” which was printed at Milan, in +1567. Nothing is known of his history, besides that he was educated at +Sienna, in Italy, under the patronage of William Herbert, Earl of +Pembroke. + +_William Salusbury_, an eminent antiquary, was a native of Denbighshire, +where he was born in the reign of Queen Elizabeth. He was educated at +Oxford, and entered the profession of the law. He assisted in +translating the New Testament into Welsh, and he published also a Welsh +version of the “Epistles and Gospels,” besides a “Dictionary,” and a +“Treatise on Rhetoric.” He died in 1570. + +_George Stepney_, whose parents were of old families in Pembrokeshire, +was born in 1663. Having been entered on the foundation of Westminster +School, he removed in due time to Trinity College, Cambridge, and while +there, he acquired the friendship of Mr. Montague, afterwards Earl of +Halifax, and through his patronage he was employed by government on +several important and confidential missions to the courts of +Brandenburgh, Vienna, Dresden, Mentz, and Cologne, and to the congress of +Frankfort. He was again employed on an embassy to Holland in 1706; and +after completing it successfully, he returned to England in the following +year, and a few months after he died in Chelsea, and was buried in +Westminster Abbey. He was a very ingenious poet, and ranked high as a +political writer; several of his works obtained for him great credit. + +_Charles Symmons_, D.D., was born in Caerdigan, in the year 1749, which +borough was represented by his father in three successive parliaments. +He was educated at Westminster School, and the University of Glasgow, +whence he subsequently removed to Clare Hall, Cambridge, and in 1776 he +took the degree of bachelor of divinity at that University. Having given +offence by declaring some Whiggish principles in a sermon, which +destroyed all his prospects of promotion, and fearing some obstacles when +he proceeded to his doctor’s degree, he removed to Jesus College, Oxford, +where he took it in 1794. He was presented to the living of Narberth and +Lanpeter. As an author, the greater portion of his works consisted of +poetry, and he published “Milton’s prose works, with a Biographical +Memoir.” He died at Bath, in 1826. + +_William Thomas_ was born in Wales, and was educated at Oxford, where he +took the degree of bachelor of canon law in 1529. Being obliged for some +cause to leave the kingdom, he travelled in Italy; and on his return to +England, he published a “History” of that country, in 1549, quarto. He +was appointed clerk of the council to King Edward the Sixth, who bestowed +upon him, though a layman, a prebend in St. Paul’s Cathedral, and a +living in Wales. On the accession of Queen Mary, he was deprived of his +office and benefices, which treatment is supposed to have instigated him +to join in the rebellion of Sir Thomas Wyatt, for which he was arrested, +and being convicted, was executed at Tyburn. He was also author of +several less important works. + +_William Thomas_, D.D., was a native of South Wales, where he was born in +1613. He was educated at Jesus College, Oxford, where he proceeded +through his degrees. Having taken orders, he became vicar of Penbryn, in +the time of the great rebellion. On the Restoration, he was appointed +precentor of St. David’s, and rector of Llanbedr, in Pembrokeshire, and +subsequently dean of Worcester. He was consecrated bishop of St. David’s +in 1677, and in 1683 he was translated to Worcester, where he died in +1689. + +_Josiah Tucker_, D.D., an eminent political writer, was the son of a +Welsh gentleman of property, and was born in 1711. He was educated at +St. John’s College, Oxford, and entered into holy orders, being appointed +to the curacy of All Saints, Bristol; he afterwards became chaplain to +Dr. Butler, bishop of that diocese, by whom he was appointed to the +rectory of St. Stephen’s, in the same city. He was author of numerous +political and controversial essays, some sermons, and a multitude of +treatises, and publications on commerce and religion. He obtained a +prebend in Bristol Cathedral, and the deanery of Gloucester, in 1758. He +died of an attack of paralysis at the advanced age of eighty-eight, in +the year 1799. + +_William Tyndale_, the first translator of the Holy Scriptures into the +English language, was born in Wales, in 1500, and after a learned +education, he was entered at Magdalen Hall, Oxford; he was afterwards a +canon of Wolsey’s New College of Christ’s Church, whence he was ejected +on account of his religious principles, which were liberal, and according +with the doctrines of Luther, who began to flourish at that time. He +took a degree in Cambridge, whither he had removed from Oxford; but his +opinions becoming known, rendered him obnoxious to some of the +dignitaries, and being reprimanded, he thought it prudent to retire to +the Continent, in order to publish his translation of the Testament, +which appeared in 1526, and was printed at Antwerp. He commenced +afterwards the translation of the Pentateuch, and some other books of the +Old Testament; but his first publication, of which a second edition was +widely diffused over England, caused him to be marked as a victim to +Popish bigotry. Henry the Eighth employed a man to betray him to the +Emperor, and by his decree he was burnt as a heretic at Augsburgh in +1536. He was author of some other works; and his Testament hath by many +eminent divines been declared never to have been surpassed in clearness, +and noble simplicity of style. + +_Henry Vaughan_, commonly known by his assumed name of the Silurist, was +born at Newton, in Brecknockshire, in the year 1621. He received his +academical education at Jesus College, Oxford, and afterwards settled in +his native country, where he practised medicine, although he does not +appear to have taken any degree in arts or medicine at the University. +His writings consist of a poem entitled “The Mount of Olives,” “Thalia +Rediviva,” “Olor Iscanus,” and “Silex Scintillans, or The Bleeding +Heart.” He died in 1695, in the seventy-fourth year of his age. + +_Thomas Vaughan_ was the brother of the above (Henry), and a fellow of +Jesus College. He was a man of great natural abilities as well as +learning; he was chiefly known from some curious “Treatises on Alchymy +and Judicial Astrology,” to which, although a clergyman, he seems to have +been devoted. According to Wood’s Athenæ Oxonenses, he had sense enough +not to publish them in his in own name, but under the assumed name of +Eugenius Philalethes; they are, however, now forgotten. He died rector +of St. Bridget’s, Brecknockshire. + +_Sir John Vaughan_, an eminent and learned chief justice of Common Pleas, +was born in Caerdiganshire, in 1608. He was educated at Worcester +School, whence he removed to Christ Church, Oxford, and subsequently to +the Inner Temple. During the civil wars he lived in retirement; but +after the Restoration he was elected member of parliament for the county +of Caerdigan, and in 1668 made chief justice of the Court of Common +Pleas. His death took place in 1674. Sir John Vaughan’s “Reports and +Arguments” in the Common Pleas are all special cases, and ably reported. +They were first printed in 1677, and again by his son, Edward Vaughan, in +1706. + +_Richard Vaughan_, D.D., an eminent and learned prelate, was born in +Caernarvonshire, and received his academical education at St. John’s +College, Cambridge, where he graduated. Having entered the church, he +became archdeacon of Middlesex, and obtained also a canonry in Wells +Cathedral, and in 1595 he was raised to the bishopric of Bangor. Two +years after, he was translated to the see of Chester, and thence to +London, where he died in 1607. + +_Robert Vaughan_, a distinguished and learned antiquary, was a member of +a very ancient family in Meirionethshire, and was born at the family seat +of Hengwrt, in that county. From all his ample materials, he only +published a small tract entitled “British Antiquities Revived.” He +formed a noble and invaluable collection of Welsh manuscripts, which +still remain at Hengwrt. He died in 1667. + +_William Vaughan_, an ingenious Welsh poet, was a member of a very +ancient and illustrious family, who have lived for several centuries +successively at Golden Grove, in Caermarthenshire. He was born in 1577, +and having gone through the usual course of academical education at Jesus +College, Oxford, took the degree of L.L.D. in that University. He was +the author of a variety of miscellaneous poems, the principal of which +are a metrical version of the “Psalms and Solomon’s Song,” “The Golden +Grove Moralized,” &c. Previously to his decease, he went to +Newfoundland, where he died in 1640. + +_John Walters_, M.A., an eminent Welsh philologist and divine, was the +author of a valuable “English and Welsh Dictionary,” which was published +in quarto, in 1794. It has since gone through two other editions, and he +wrote a learned “Dissertation on the Welsh Language,” printed in 1771, +besides some sermons. He was rector of Llandochan, in Glamorgan, and +died in the year 1797. + +_Daniel Williams_, an eminent theological writer, and Presbyterian +divine, was a native of Wrexham, in Denbighshire, where he was born in +1644. Not having received an education in his earlier youth, he made up +the deficiency by his unwearied diligence and application; and devoting +himself to the study of divinity, he was, at the age of nineteen, +ordained a preacher among the Presbyterians. After officiating in +various parts in England, he went to Ireland as chaplain to the Countess +of Meath, and presided over a congregation in Dublin, where he continued +for twenty years; and married a lady of an honourable family, and a +considerable estate. He subsequently removed to London, where he was +chosen minister of a congregation of Presbyterians in Bishopsgate-street; +and in 1701, having become a widower, he married a second wife, who +survived him. His learning and piety being held in great esteem, he was +honoured with the diploma of D.D. by the Universities of Edinburgh and +Glasgow; and he bequeathed estates for the support of six Presbyterian +students in the latter. His library, together with a sum of money for +its increase, was left by him, with the liberal view of founding a public +library in London, and which led to the establishment of the celebrated +Red cross street Institution, which was opened in 1729. He died in 1716, +and left numerous legacies for charitable purposes. His works were +published in six volumes, octavo. + +_David Williams_, a learned and ingenious writer, was born in +Cardiganshire. Having been educated at a Dissenting Academy, he was +appointed minister of a congregation at Frome, Somersetshire, and +afterwards at Exeter, then at Highgate, near London. While in the +metropolis, he distinguished himself by numerous publications on +education and morality. He left his ministerial office among the +Dissenters, and becoming sceptical with regard to the Christian religion, +he opened in 1776, a chapel for the celebration of public worship, on the +principles of natural religion, in Margaret-street, Cavendish-square. +The novelty of the institution at first attracted the curiosity of the +public, but it was finally closed, and the lecturer turned his attention +to private tuition. He has obtained great and deserved reputation as +being the founder of the Literary Fund. He died in June, 1816. Among +his numerous works, several of which have been translated into German, is +a valuable “History of Monmouthshire,” in two volumes, quarto. + +_Edward Williams_, whose bardic appellation was Iolo Morganwg, was a +native of Glamorganshire, where he was born in March, 1745. His father +being a stone-mason, brought him up to the same trade; but even in his +early youth he was remarkable for avoiding all diversions with boys of +his own age, and was pensive and thoughtful, eager in receiving the +instructions of an excellent mother, who grounded him well in the English +language. In 1770, on the death of his mother, he left Wales, and +travelled over several counties in England, in the exercise of his +calling, and studying architecture and other sciences connected with it. +He resided for several years in London, Bristol, and other towns, and +returned to Wales, where he married in 1781. His first productions were +Welsh poetry, and he was a man of wonderful abilities as a Welsh and +English poet, and a skilful antiquary; he wrote English with great ease +and elegance. In 1794 he published two volumes of English poetry, which +consist of original compositions, and translations from the Welsh, and in +conjunction with Dr. Pughe and Mr Owain Jones, edited the “Myvyrian +Archaiology.” He has left several valuable works in manuscript, +especially materials for a History of Wales, which it is greatly to be +lamented was not published in his lifetime. He died on the 17th of +December, 1827, aged eighty-two. + +_Griffith Williams_ was a native of Caernarvon, in North Wales, where he +was born in the year 1589. He was educated at Jesus’ College, Cambridge, +and having taken orders, he was appointed to the lectureship of St. +Peter’s, Cheapside, but his preaching so offended the Puritans, that they +procured his suspension. He obtained a living in Wales, and became +chaplain to the King, prebendary of Westminster, and dean of Bangor. In +1641 he was created bishop of Ossory; and his death took place at +Kilkenny. He was the author of several works on divinity. + +_John Williams_, Archbishop of York, and Lord Keeper of the Great Seal, +was born at Aberconwy, in 1582. He was educated at Ruthin School, and +St. John’s College, Cambridge, where he soon distinguished himself by his +application and splendid abilities, which were rewarded with a +fellowship. He was ordained in 1609, and soon after he obtained the +rectory of Grafton, in Northamptonshire. Being appointed chaplain to +Lord Ellesmere, then Lord Chancellor, he ingratiated himself so much with +his patron by his talents, that he obtained through him rapid +preferments, and was appointed one of the royal chaplains. In 1619 he +was made dean of Salisbury, and soon after exchanged it for the deanery +of Westminster; in a short time he was appointed lord keeper, and +immediately afterwards he was raised to the bishopric of Lincoln. He +retained great influence at court during the reign of James the First, +and was the chief cause of the promotion of Laud to the episcopal bench, +who, however, ungratefully joined in various persecutions to which the +Archbishop was subjected for several years; but his worth and excellent +character prevailed: he was restored to favour, and in 1641 he was raised +to the archiepiscopal see of York. During the civil war, he fortified +Conwy Castle for the King’s use; but after a seige, being surprised, he +was compelled to give it up on honourable terms to the parliamentary +troops. He died at Gloddaeth, near Conwy, on his birth-day, in 1650. He +was the author of several theological works, and an interesting “History +of his Life” was published by Bishop Hacket, who had been his chaplain; +and a more condensed biography subsequently by Stephens, and also by +Phillips. + +_John Williams_, L.L.D., was born at Llanbedr-pont Stephen in 1727. He +was educated at the Grammar School of the same town, where he acquired a +competent knowledge of the classics; being strongly inclined to the +ministry, he was entered at the age of nineteen at a Dissenting Academy, +in Caermarthen, where he went through the usual studies to be qualified +for the office of a minister. In 1752 he went to Stamford, Lincolnshire, +at the unanimous request of a congregation of Protestant Dissenters, and +in 1755 he removed to a similar situation in Berkshire. Here he +completed his “Concordance to the Greek New Testament,” and afterwards he +removed to Sydenham, where he officiated for the long period of +twenty-eight years. In 1777 he was chosen the curator of Redcross-street +Library; and the lease of his chapel expiring, he retired to Islington, +where he remained until his death, which took place in 1798. In his +character, both public and private, he was esteemed for the conscientious +discharge of his duty as a Christian minister, and for his literary +acquirements. He published several works on theology and other subjects, +which are of great merit, and enriched with valuable information. + +_Roger Williams_ was a native of Wales, where he was born in the year +1599. He was entered for the church, and was accordingly educated for +it; but adopting puritanical principles, he emigrated to North America, +where he founded the town of Providence. He distinguished himself by his +zeal for the conversion of the Indians to Christianity, of whose language +he published a very useful “Manual and Glossary,” which has been +frequently reprinted. His colony thrived rapidly, as he was decidedly +opposed to all restraint in religion, and granted to all who settled +there free liberty of conscience. He died in 1683. + +_Thomas Williams_ was a native of Caernarvonshire, and received an +University education at Oxford. He practised as a physician at Trevriw, +near Llanrwst, and he wrote a “Welsh and Latin,” and “Latin and Welsh +Dictionary,” which he left in manuscript; and it was subsequently +published in 1632, with many additions and corrections by Dr. John +Davies. He made a good collection of pedigrees, which he entitled “Priv +achau holl Gymru Benbaladr,” i.e. The Primitive Pedigrees of all Wales. +In 1606 he was proceeded against as a Papist in the court of Bangor, and +in the following year he was excommunicated. There was written also by +him a large “List of Plants” in Latin, Welsh, and English. + +_William Williams_ was a native of the Isle of Anglesea. He was educated +at Oxford, and in 1652 he was elected scholar of Jesus’ College, whence +he removed to Gray’s Inn. In 1667 he was appointed recorder of the city +of Chester. When the Popish plot broke out, he sided with the party then +dominant; and in 1678 he was chosen one of the representatives of the +City of Chester, and again for the parliament which sat in 1679, and a +third time in 1680; in the two last parliaments he was chosen speaker of +the House of Commons. After the Presbyterian plot broke out in 1683, he +became an advocate for them and the fanatics. When James the Second came +to the crown, he was taken into favour, and was made solicitor-general +instead of Sir Thomas Powis, who was appointed attorney-general in 1687. +Williams was knighted on this occasion, and soon afterwards created a +baronet. He has published several of his eloquent speeches, besides some +other works. + +_Richard Wilson_, the eminent landscape painter, was the son of the Rev. +John Wilson, rector of Penegoes, in Montgomeryshire, where he was born in +1714. Having received a good classical education, he was sent at the age +of fifteen to London, where he was apprenticed to a portrait painter: and +he set up for himself in London, and painted the portraits of the Prince +of Wales and Duke of York, who were then under the tuition of Bishop +Hayter, of Norwich. Not obtaining any great success in the metropolis, +he went to Italy, and meeting with the Earl of Dartmouth, who saw the +young painter’s great abilities, proposed that he should travel with him +to Naples, which being readily accepted, enabled him to study some of the +finest specimens of painting. Here also he became conscious of his +particular excellence in landscape painting, at the height of which +branch he soon arrived. His reputation having become now very great, he +returned to England in 1755. Although his abilities were esteemed, he +was far from obtaining the patronage which his extraordinary talents +deserved, and it was not until after his death that his works were duly +appreciated. After a long period of neglect, and insult, caused by the +mean jealousy of rivals, he died near Mold, in 1782, in the sixty-eighth +year of his age. + +_William Worthington_, D.D., an eminent theological writer, was born in +Meirionethshire in 1703. He received his education at the Grammar +School, in Oswestry, and Jesus’ College, Oxford, where he proceeded +through his degrees. Having taken orders, he obtained various preferment +from Dr. Hare, then bishop of St. Asaph, he was rector of Hope, and +Darowen, and had a prebendal stall in the Cathedral of St. Asaph, and +another in York, to which he was appointed by Archbishop Drummond, whose +chaplain he had been. Among the variety of his works, the principal are +an “Essay on Redemption,” “Evidences of Christianity,” and “Sermons on +Boyle’s Lectures.” He died in 1778. + +_Sir John Wynn_ of Gwydir, was born near Llanrwst, in the year 1553. He +was made a baronet on the creation of that honour in 1615. He lived in +retirement, and wrote a curious and valuable work, entitled “The History +of the Gwydir family,” which was first printed in 1773, octavo. He was a +member of the council of the marches, and was well versed in the history +and antiquities of his native country, and a great patron of its +literature. Inigo Jones was born on his estate, and enjoyed the +patronage of the family who first brought him to notice. He died in +1626, in the seventy-third year of his age. + +_John Wynne_, was born at Caerwys, Flintshire, and was educated for some +time at Northop School, from whence he removed to Ruthin, and received +his academical education at Jesus’ College, Oxford, where he obtained a +fellowship. He became rector of Llangelynin, in Caernarvonshire, and +prebendary of Brecon. He was appointed also the Lady Margaret’s +professor of divinity, and by virtue of that, he had a prebend in +Worcester Cathedral in 1705. He was elected principal of Jesus’ College +in 1712, and was advanced to the bishopric of St. Asaph in 1714. He was +a very learned divine, and extremely liberal in the repairing of his +cathedral, which had suffered great damage by a violent storm soon after +his appointment. He was translated to the diocese of Bath and Wells in +1727, and died in July, 1743. + +_John Huddleston Wynne_, an eminent writer on miscellaneous subjects, was +born of a respectable family in Wales in 1743. He was brought up to the +profession of a printer, which he followed for some time in London; he +afterwards obtained a commission in the army, which he quitted and +commenced author. His principal works are “A General History of the +British Empire in America,” and “A History of Ireland.” He died in 1788. +His uncle, + +_Richard Wynne_, M.A., of All Soul’s College, Oxford, was rector of St. +Alphage, London, and of Ayot St. Lawrence, in Hertfordshire. He +published the New Testament in English, carefully collated with the +Greek, two volumes, octavo. He died in 1799. + +_Philip Yorke_, an eminent antiquarian, and author of a learned work +entitled “The Royal Tribes of Wales,” was born at Erddig, near Wrexham, +in Denbighshire, in 1743. After a liberal education, he was entered at +Benet College, Cambridge, where he graduated M.A. He represented +successively in parliament the boroughs of Halston and Grantham. He died +in 1804. + + + + +ADDENDA. + + +_John Bradford_, an ingenious poet, who was admitted a disciple of the +bardic chair of Glamorgan, in 1730, being then a boy; presided in the +same chair 1760, and died in 1780. He wrote several moral pieces of +great merit, some of which he printed in the “Eurgrawn,” a magazine then +carried on in South Wales. + +_Rev. Thomas Charles_, A.B., the son of a respectable farmer, in the +parish of Llanvihangel, South Wales, was born October 14, 1755. When he +was about ten or twelve years of age, his parents entertaining thoughts +of bringing him up to the ministry, sent him to school at Llanddowror, +about two miles off, where he continued three or four years. When about +fourteen years of age, his father sent him to the academy, at +Caermarthen, which he left for Oxford in 1775, where he remained about +four years. On leaving Oxford, he was engaged to a curacy in +Somersetshire, which he gave up in 1783, and removed to Wales, after a +ministry of five years. After Mr. Charles returned to Wales, he was +engaged successively to serve several churches in the neighbourhood of +Bala (where he then resided), at each of which, his evangelical preaching +giving great offence to the inhabitants, his services were declined. Mr. +Charles having been so many times deprived of the opportunity of +exercising his ministry felt no small perplexity of mind: his active +disposition would not allow him to remain wholly unoccupied. The +ignorance which prevailed among the people at Bala excited his sympathy; +he invited them to his house to give them religious instruction. He was +offered the use of the chapel by the Calvinistic Methodists, who were +then, and for some time after, connected with the Established Church: +this offer he accepted, and there he instructed and catechised the +numerous children who attended. In the year 1785, Mr. Charles commenced +preaching among the Methodists, from which period to the time of his +death his ministerial labours were very great; the effect of which are +still to be seen, and will probably continue to appear for ages to come. +Shortly after Mr. Charles left the church, he began establishing +circulating schools; they succeeded wonderfully, the whole country being +filled with them. The fruits of these schools were numerous Sunday +schools throughout the Principality. Mr. Charles prepared two editions +of the Welsh Bible, one in duodecimo, published in 1806, and another in +octavo, completed just before his death. But his greatest effort as an +author was a “Scriptural Dictionary,” four volumes, octavo. Mr. Charles +was the principal instrument in originating the Bible Society; the +exciting or moving cause of this noble institution was the great want of +Bibles, especially in North Wales. He died October 5, 1814, in the +fifty-ninth year of his age. + +_Robert Davies_, better known by the appellation of Bardd Nantglyn, was +born about the year 1769. At an early period of his life he became a +votary of the Awen, which propensity was strengthened by his intimacy +with Twm o’r Nant, who always expressed a just tribute of admiration for +his poetical efforts. In the year 1800 he removed to London, and there +became acquainted with those patriotic fosterers of their native language +and customs, who instituted the Gwyneddigion Society, and he filled at +intervals the situation of their bard and secretary. The illness of his +family compelled him reluctantly to leave the metropolis, after a +residence of about four years, and return to Nantglyn, which he never +afterwards quitted. This occurrence, which was unforeseen, obliged him +to borrow a sum of money from Owain Myvyr, to defray the expenses of +removal, and shortly after he was given to understand by that generous +character, that the loan should be a gift; and this munificent donation +enabled him to build a decent cottage, which formed his domicile during +his life. When the premiums awarded by the Eisteddvodau stimulated the +bards to unwonted exertions, Robert Davies early distinguished himself, +and acquired the honour of occupying the bardic chair for Powys, at the +meeting held at Wrexham, in 1820, by his prize elegy on the death of +George the Third. The number of medals he acquired on different +occasions amounted to eleven; and in addition he received, on various +occasions, many money premiums for meritorious exertions. It would be +needless to recapitulate the various subjects on which he was a +successful competitor, as the prize poems of his composition are mostly +published in his publication entitled “Diliau Barddas,” which contains +the greater part of the productions of his muse. He likewise was the +compiler of a very excellent “Grammar,” in great esteem in the +principality. He died on 1st December, 1835, and was buried at Nantglyn, +where it is in contemplation to erect a tablet to his memory. + +_John Evans_, an adventurous young man of Caernarvonshire, who, about the +year 1790, went to America, with a view of discovering the Welsh Indians, +or descendants of Madog and his followers. After surmounting many +difficulties, and penetrating about 1,300 miles up the Missouri River, he +was obliged to return to St. Louis, on the Mississippi. The commandant +there encouraged him to try another voyage, with attendants and +everything necessary to make discoveries; but unfortunately, John Evans +died of a fever there in 1797, when everything was prepared to ensure +success to his enterprise. + +_Wyn Elis_, A.M., an eminent divine and poet, who lived at Y-Las-Ynys, in +Meirionethshire, from about the year 1680 to 1740. About the year 1720, +he published a small tract in Welsh of great utility, containing letters +of advice to Christian professors, with various hymns and other pieces. +Soon after, he published the “Bardd Cwsg, or the Vision of the Sleeping +Bard,” in the manner of Don Quivedo, a very popular work, which has been +reprinted several times since the death of the author. + +_Rev. Evan Edward_, Aberdare, Glamorgan, an eminent Dissenting preacher, +philosopher and poet, and one of the few who being initiated into the +bardic mysteries, have helped to preserve the institution to the present +time. He died on the 21st of June, 1798, being the time fixed for him to +meet the other bards of the chair of Glamorgan. + +_Sir John Glynne_, an able political lawyer in the time of Charles the +First, and during the Interregnum, was born in the year 1590. He +received his academic education at Hart Hall, Oxford, and afterwards +studied at Lincoln’s Inn, where he became a bencher. His talents were +quickly discovered by the popular party, and through the tide of +opposition, he was buoyed up above the common level. He became steward +of Westminster, was returned for two parliaments that sat in the year +1640; was made recorder of London, and at length lord chief justice of +the upper bench. Cromwell made him one of his council, and placed him on +the committee appointed to inquire into the title most proper for the +usurper to assume. He continued in office till the Restoration, when he +prudently and promptly determined to submit to the new government. After +having been one of the ablest supporters of the protectorate, he was +received by the reinstated King with the most distinguished attention, +and obtained honorary marks of royal favour, for he was appointed prime +serjeant, himself knighted, and his eldest son created a baronet. He +appears to have been of considerable service, by sitting in the +convention parliament, as a representative for Caernarvon; assisted by +his advice to obtain the act of general amnesty; and particularly in his +judicial capacity, establishing the first precedent of granting a rule +for new trial in cases where excessive damages had been awarded by the +partial, or inconsiderate verdicts of a jury. He died in the year 1666. + +_Doctor Gabriel Goodman_ was a native of Ruthin, distinguished for his +various learning, but especially eminent as a linguist and divine. He +was promoted by Queen Elizabeth to the deanery of Westminster; and, with +other distinguished characters, appointed an assistant in that great +work, a version of the Holy Scriptures. By his translation of his “First +Epistle to the Corinthians,” wholly performed by him as well as other +parts assigned him, he acquired great fame; yet he obtained no higher +preferment, dying dean of Westminster after forty years’ incumbency, in +the year 1601. His regard for learned men was great, as appears from his +having helped to support Camden in his travels, who, through the dean’s +interest, was made under master of Westminster School. His desire for +perpetuating learning was no less conspicuous in the free-school founded +in his native place, and his philanthropy still lives in an hospital +established for the aged poor. + +_Howell Harris_, an eminent preacher, distinguished as the introducer of +Methodism into Wales, was born at Trevecca, in Brecknockshire, on January +23rd, 1713; and being designed for the church, was admitted a student of +St. Mary’s Hall, Oxford, in November, 1735. Here, however, he remained +only during one term, at the expiration of which, he quitted the +University, with the design of entering immediately on the duties of the +clerical profession. He had by this time, apparently, imbibed the tenets +and spirit of Whitfield, and determined to propagate the doctrine of +Methodism; with this view he applied for orders, but was refused. Having +commenced his ministerial career, he came to his native place, and +exerted himself with great zeal and earnestness. His style of preaching +was much the same as that practised by the ministers of his connection, +particularly among the Welsh, who have probably taken him for their +model; it was bold, declamatory, and animated, to a degree that might +often be denominated vociferation. At a period when religious freedom +was but imperfectly understood, even by those who deprecated persecution, +a man of Mr. Harris’s active zeal for proselytism, was not likely to pass +unobserved. He was in some instances prosecuted, but more frequently +persecuted: his undaunted resolution, however, triumphed over every +opposition, and rendered impotent every attempt to reduce him to silence. +He married in the year 1730, Anne, the daughter of John Williams, Esq., +of Screene, by whom he had one daughter. In the year 1756, when some +apprehensions of an invasion were entertained, he made a voluntary offer +to furnish at his own expense, ten light-horsemen completely armed and +accoutred, which proposal was accepted. Three years afterward, A.D. +1759, Mr. Harris himself, embarked in a military character. He was first +appointed to an ensigncy in the county militia, and afterwards invested +with the command of a company, in which were enrolled many of his own +followers. In the latter part of his life, he derived much support from +Lady Huntingdon, the warm patroness of the Calvinistic Methodists, who +came to reside in the neighbourhood. Mr. Harris died at Trevecca, July +28, 1773, and was buried in Talgarth church. In the year 1752 he formed +the plan of a religious community, something similar in its constitution +to the Moravian societies; and in the same year he laid the foundation of +Trevecca house, with a sufficient extent of buildings and garden, and +other ground to accommodate a large number of inhabitants. Here he +invited his disciples to assemble, and to invest their property in a +common fund, of which all members, as occasion might require, were +equally to participate. + +_Morus Huw_ of Perthi Llwydion, near Cerrig-y-Druidion, Denbighshire, a +distinguished poet, who flourished from about the year 1600 to 1650. He +is generally considered to be the best song writer that has appeared in +Wales. Many of his compositions are in the Blodeugerdd. + +_Thomas Jones_, bardd cloff (the lame bard). This highly respectable +bard was born at Mynydd Bychan (the little mountain), in the parish of +Llantysilio, Denbighshire, April 15, 1768. When quite an infant, he met +with an accident which lamed him for life—hence the appellation of the +lame bard. In 1775 Mr. Jones’s family removed to Llangollen, and Thomas +was sent to the best school in the town; in 1782 the family removed again +to Machynlleth, in the county of Montgomery. In 1780, Mathew Davies, +Esq., brought young Jones to London, and placed him in his +counting-house, in Long Acre, where Mr. Davies carried on a very large +establishment in the coach and military-lace line. Mr Jones was +exceedingly fond of reading, particularly poetry; and about this time he +began “to torment the Awen” (Muse), as he used to say; and wrote several +things both in Welsh and English. In 1789 he was elected a member of the +Gwyneddigion, and shortly afterwards he became secretary to the society. +At the time when it was regularly attended by Owain Jones, Myfyr, Dr. W. +O. Pughe, &c., who encouraged the young bard, and gave him much valuable +advice. In 1794 we find his name as one of the stewards of the festival +of Ancient Britons, and in 1801, as llywydd (chairman) of the +Gwyneddigion. In 1802 he published “An Ode of St. David’s-day,” and the +following year Mr. Davies made him the head manager of his business; a +convincing proof of the rectitude of his conduct, which was farther +testified by his becoming a partner in 1813. The Metropolitan Cambrian +Institution, founded on the basis of the Cymrodorion (established in +1750) was revived, and Mr. Jones was elected treasurer; and he gained the +gold medal offered by the society for the best poem in the Welsh +language, on its revival. In 1821 he was president of the Gwyneddigion +for the third time; and at the jubilee anniversary dinner, he was +presented with the society’s silver medal, to commemorate the event. Mr. +Jones gained several prizes at the different Eisteddvodau held in Wales. +And, after residing for a period of forty-five years (with little +intermission) at No. 90, Long Acre, departed this life February 18, 1828, +esteemed and lamented by all who knew him. Mr. Jones was an +open-hearted, generous, hospitable, benevolent man; no indigent +countryman appealed to him in vain; his name was invariably found in +every list of subscription raised for the promotion of literature, or the +relief of distress. Y bardd cloff, was, like his equally generous +countryman and friend, Mr. David Jones, of the House of Commons, +universally known by the Cymry, both in London and the principality. And +when he was gathered to his fathers, the Cymrodorion offered its silver +medal for the best approved of marwnad (elegy) on his lamented demise, +which was awarded to Robert Davies, bardd nantglyn. + +_John Jones_ of Celli Lyvdy, distinguished as one of the most +indefatigable collectors of Welsh literature that have appeared among us. +He continued translating old Welsh manuscripts for a period of forty +years, as it appears from some of his volumes, which are dated variously +from the year 1590 to 1630; and of whose works in this way upwards of +forty large volumes still exist. + +_Edward Jones_ was born at a farm in Meirionethshire, called Henblas, or +Old Mansion, on Easter Sunday, in the year 1752. His father was what is +generally termed a musical genius: he could not only perform on various +instruments, but he also made several. He taught two of his sons, Edward +and Thomas, the Welsh harp, another son the spinnet, and another the +violin, and he played himself on the organ—so that the “Family Concert” +was at least a tolerable strong one. Edward Jones came to London about +the year 1774, under the patronage of several persons of distinction, +connected with the principality. His performance on the harp was +considered in those days, when taste, feeling, and expression, were the +characteristic features of a lyrist, to be very superior. He met with +great encouragement, and had the honour of giving instructions to many +ladies of rank. He was appointed Bard to the Prince of Wales in 1783, +but it was merely an honorary situation. + +In conjunction with Dr. Owen Pughe, Mr. Walters, and a few literary +friends, he published a volume of Ancient Bardic Lore, and Welsh Airs, in +1794, and, in four years afterwards, brought out a second volume. In +1820 he published the first part of a third volume, and had employed his +days chiefly since in preparing the remainder, so as to complete the +work; but he was not permitted to accomplish it. He had been severely +afflicted with rheumatic pains for some time, and his memory became daily +more defective; he was a very reserved man, and passed most of his time +alone, with his chamber door locked. + +He had been a collector of scarce books, and possessed many valuable +ones; but his inability to follow his professional pursuits, and his high +spirit preventing him from making his situation known to his relatives, +caused him to dispose of a part of his library, on the produce of which +he subsisted. + +Several friends saw that he was daily becoming an object of their +friendly attention, who endeavoured to ascertain his circumstances; but +from him they could learn nothing, notwithstanding it was pretty certain +that he passed many days without a dinner. + +It became at length a duty incumbent on them to take him under their +care; a recommendation to the Governors of the Royal Society of Musicians +was promptly attended to, and an annuity of 50_l._ was granted unknown to +him. This single act of benevolence speaks volumes in favour of that +excellent institution, which was founded in 1738, with a view of +shielding the “child of song,” in the decline of life, from penury and +want; also to provide for the widows and orphans of its indigent members, +at their decease. Mr. Jones entered the society in 1778. + +Mr. Parry was deputed to give him the first monthly payment. It was in +the evening when he called; he found the Bard locked in his room, at his +lodgings in Great Chesterfield-street, Marylebone, and was admitted: he +did not recollect Mr. Parry immediately, although most intimately +acquainted with him; he had his dressing-gown and night-cap on, his harp +standing by the table, on which was a blotted sheet of music paper. Mr. +Parry told him the purport of the visit, but he did not pay much +attention to it, and only asked, with much fervency, whether he knew “The +Melody of Mona,” (See Relicks, vol. i. p. 168,) a most beautiful pathetic +Welsh air, in the minor key, to which Mrs. Hemans has written an +excellent song, called “The Lament of the last Druid.” He took his harp, +and with a trembling hand, + + “Struck the deep sorrows of his Lyre.” + +It was impossible not to feel affected on such an occasion—the scene +reminded him of the dying hour of a celebrated Bard, who called for his +harp, and performed a most plaintive strain— + + “Sweet solace of my dying hour, + Ere yet my arm forget its power, + Give to my falt’ring hand, my shell, + One strain to bid the world farewell.” + +In a few days afterwards he fell in a fit; the landlady who sat in the +apartment below, heard a noise; she ran up, but could not gain admission; +the door was burst open, when the poor Bard was found lying on his face, +with a heavy chair on his back. He remained senseless for two days, and +expired without a groan on Easter Sunday, April 18, 1824, aged 72. He +was conveyed to his silent tomb, in St. Mary-le-bone burial-ground, on +the following Sunday. Mr. Jones left a number of scarce books, and much +music, which were disposed of by public auction in February, 1825, and +produced nearly 500_l._ He had, at various times previous to his death, +sold books and prints to the amount of about 300_l._, so that his whole +collection may be stated at 800_l._; an extraordinary sum, considering +the habits of the collector! Of his professional abilities, his “Relicks +of the Welsh Bards” bear ample testimony; and will convey his name, with +honour, to posterity. They are the result of forty years labour and +research; and his countrymen of the Principality may now boast, that, as +well as the Irish and the Scotch, they also have their “Melodies.” + +_Rice Jones_ of Blaenau, in Meirionethshire, one of the most eminent +poets of Wales of recent times. He died in the autumn of the year 1801, +at the great age eighty-six. In the year 1770 he published a “Welsh +Anthology,” in quarto, containing choice selections from the poets of +different ages. + +_Theophilus Jones_, the ingenious and learned author of the “History of +Brecknockshire,” was born Oct. 18, 1758. He was the son of the Rev. Hugh +Jones, successively vicar of the parishes of Langammarch and Llywel, +Brecknockshire, and a prebendary of the collegiate church of Brecknock. +With his grandfather, Mr. Theophilus Evans, Mr. Jones passed much of his +early life. His principal education was completed in the college school +at Brecknock. Being destined by his parents to the law, Mr. Jones, at a +proper age, was placed under the care of an eminent practitioner then +resident in the town of Brecknock; and after having passed with credit +the period of his probation, entered into the profession upon his own +account, and continued in it for many years, practising with equal +reputation and success as an attorney and solicitor in that place. Upon +a vacancy in the deputy registrarship of the archdeaconry of Brecknock, +he was appointed to that office, and held it till his death. From the +documents committed to his charge, and to which he was particularly +attentive, he derived much valuable information connected with the +parochial history of the county. After Mr. Jones commenced the history +of his county, finding that the duties of his profession could not be +attended to, and antiquarian pursuits followed at the same time, he +disposed of the attorney’s and solicitor’s business. Being now more at +liberty to pursue the great object of his ambition, he spared neither +pains nor expense to carry it into execution. There was no part of the +county into which he did not extend his personal researches, inquiring +most minutely into the natural history and antiquities of every place and +parish. The first volume of his history of Brecknockshire in quarto, was +published at Brecknock in the year 1805, and the second volume in 1809. +With the exception of two communications to periodical publications, and +two papers in the Cambrian Register, this was his only literary +production. It was his intention to publish a history of Radnorshire, +but his enfeebled state of health would not allow him to make the +necessary exertions. His last literary attempt was a translation of that +well written Welsh romance, entitled “Gweledigaethau y Bardd Cwsg,” or +Visions of the Sleeping Bard, by the Rev. Ellis Wynne. He died upon the +15th of January, 1812, and was buried in the parish church of +Llangammarth. + +_David Jones_ of Trevriw, in Caernarvonshire, a poet who flourished from +about the year 1750 to 1780. He edited two collections of Welsh poetry, +one called “Diddanwch Teuluaidd,” and the other “Dewisol Ganiadau.” He +also formed a large collection of old manuscripts, which have been lately +purchased from his sons by the Rev. H. D. Griffith, of Caer Rhun, and +appropriated by that gentleman for the enriching of the Welsh +Archaiology. + +_Richard Llwyd_, generally known in North Wales as the Bard of Snowden, +and Author of “Beaumaris Bay,” two volumes of poems, &c., was born at +Beaumaris, in the Isle of Anglesea, in 1752, and terminated a life +devoted to the interest and literature of his country, on the 29th +December, 1834, at his residence in Bank-place, Chester. The morning of +his days was clouded with adversity. While yet a child, his father, who +traded on the coast in a small vessel of his own, was shipwrecked, and +lost at once his vessel, his cargo, and his life!—a calamity which +plunged his surviving family in hopeless poverty and distress. The +extreme poverty of his mother precluded her from giving Richard any +education. Nevertheless, in early life his propensities for knowledge +discovered itself in a variety of ways, and in spite of the obstacles +with which he was surrounded, gave an early promise of the brightness and +ardour of his genius, and that greatness of character in which he +afterwards so eminently distinguished himself. There was, fortunately +for him, at Beaumaris, a free-school, founded by Mr. David Hughes, a man +born, like himself, in the vale of humility, but who afterwards became a +blessing to his native island. Hence he says in one of his notes to +“Gayton Wake,” I received an education of nine months, and I acknowledge +this blessing with humble gratitude as it has been to me an inexhaustible +source of happiness. At twelve years old, his mother gladly accepted a +situation for him in the service of Henry Morgan, Esq., of Henblas. Here +he remained several years, and here it was that his character was formed; +he had not many opportunities of gratifying his insatiable thirst for +reading, but such as he had he availed himself of, with unremitting zeal +and ardour. He always rose at a very early hour, and devoted the time he +thus gained to reading and studying. In temperance and frugality he was +remarkable through life, and always studied and practised it with the +utmost exactness, which gave him a constant feeling of dignified +independence. In the year 1780 Mr. Lloyd entered into the service of Mr. +Griffith, of Caer Rhûn, near Conway, as superintendent of a large demesne +and family. Mr. Griffith being in the commission of the peace, and the +only acting magistrate in an extensive district, Llwyd acted as his +clerk; this situation offered him an opportunity of pursuing his +favourite studies. Here he lived until Mr. Griffith died, and with what +he had saved, aided by bequeaths from two friends, he retired from the +world. In 1797 he published his poem of “Beaumaris Bay,” which was +extremely well received by the public, and materially added to his +pecuniary resources. Mr. Llwyd had successfully studied the antiquities +of his country, and was exceedingly well versed in heraldry, which added +to his native vivacity, wit, and good humour, made his company courted by +the first families in the principality, at whose mansions he was always a +welcome guest. In 1804 Mr. Llwyd published his “Gayton Wake,” and two +volumes of poems, “Tales, Ode,” &c., translated from the British, which +show the extent and variety of his genius, and which met with extensive +encouragement. In 1814 he married Miss Bingley, daughter of the late +Alderman Bingley, of the city of Chester, with whom he lived happily in +comfortable independence, and whom he survived about twelve months. + +_William Maurice_ of Cevyn-y-Briach, in Denbighshire, a distinguished +antiquary and the assistant of Mr. Robert Vaughan, of Hengwrt, in +collecting old Welsh manuscripts. The collection made by Mr. Maurice is +now preserved at Wynnestay. He died about the year 1660. + +_William Middleton_, sometimes called in Welsh, Gwilym Ganoldrev, an +eminent poet and grammarian of the family of Gwenynog, in Denbighshire, +who lived from the year 1560 to 1600. He served in the armies of +Elizabeth, and was afterwards a captain of a ship of war; and, it is +worthy of notice, that the principal work that he left behind him was +done at sea, being an elegant “Version of the Psalms,” in the higher kind +of Welsh metre. This work we find, from a note at the end of it, was +finished January 24th, 1595, in the West Indies, and was printed after +his death by Thomas Salusbury in 1603. The only other performance of +this author which has been printed is his “Grammar,” and “Art of Poetry,” +which he published in the year 1593. + +_Richard Morris_, a brother of Lewis Morris, of Penros Llugwy, Anglesea, +an ingenious Welsh critic and poet. He passed the greater part of his +life as first clerk in the Navy-office; during which, he superintended +the printing of two valuable editions of the Welsh Bible. He died in the +year 1779. + +_Paul Panton_, Esq., of Plas Gwyn, in Anglesea, a character distinguished +for his acquaintance with the history and antiquities of his native +country, and who left behind him a valuable collection of Welsh +manuscripts; but who was more conspicuous for his liberality in aiding +others, who pursued a similar track with himself. In addition to his own +collection of papers, he also became possessed of the books of the Rev. +Evan Evans, author of the Desertatio de Bardis, and other things, in +consequence of having settled an annuity of £20. on that child of +misfortune, towards the close of his life. Mr. Panton died in 1797, in +the sixty-seventh year of his age. + +_William Parry_, some time president and theological tutor at Wymondley +Academy, Herts, was born in the year 1754, at Abergavenny, in +Monmouthshire. When he was about seven years of age, he removed with his +father to London, where he attended the ministry of Dr. Samuel Stennett. +At the age of twenty, he was introduced to the Academy of Homerton, where +Mr. Parry remained during six years, pursuing with unremitting ardour, +the studies to which he had devoted himself. On leaving the academy, he +acceded to an invitation from the church of Little Baddow, Essex, where +he was ordained in the year 1780. In the year 1798 proposals were made +to Mr. Parry by the trustees of W. Coward, Esq., to become theological +tutor in the Dissenting Academy which had for some years been conducted +at Northampton and Daventry, by Doctors Doddridge and Ashworth. An +earnest desire of extended usefulness led Mr. Parry to accept those +proposals; and in the year 1799 he took an affectionate farewell of his +beloved flock at Baddow, after having laboured amongst them for twenty +years, with great acceptance and fidelity. Mr. Parry entered on his new +and important office at Wymondley (to which place the academy was +removed). In undertaking the office of tutor, Mr. Parry did not resign +that of a minister of Christ: immediately after his settlement at +Wymondley, a small chapel was erected on the premises, where a +congregation was raised, and a church formed, over which he presided as +pastor till the time of his decease. With the exception of a charge +delivered at the ordination of one of his students, Mr. Parry appeared +but once in the character of an author. He died in the year 1818, in the +sixty-fourth year of his age. + +_William Owen Pughe_, D.C.L., was born at Ty’n y Bryn, in the parish of +Llanvihangel y Pennant, county of Meirioneth, on the 7th of August, 1759. +A man who is, by universal consent, pronounced the greatest literary +character which old Cambria has ever produced at any period of time; and +this may be truly said, without detracting from the unfading renown of +our Taliesins, Aneurins, Gwalchmais, Cynddelws, Hywel Ddas, Goronwy +Owens, or any other Cambrian author, because they did not exercise their +talents, however great, in so varied and rich a field, or so extensive +and bright a sphere as Dr. Owen Pughe. The family removed to Egryn, in +Ardudwy, a short period after his birth, and there he passed his youthful +days until he was sent to school at Altringham, near Manchester; and when +arrived at seventeen years of age, he settled in London. Here he became +intimate with Owain Myvyr and others, members of the Gwyneddigion; and +projected and commenced his great work, the “Welsh and English +Dictionary.” He laboured, at intervals, upon this arduous undertaking +for the space of eighteen years, during which he read all the remains of +antiquity which could be procured to furnish materials to incorporate in +this thesaurus of the words of the Welsh language. In conjunction with +Owain Myvyr and Iolo Morganwg he became engaged in a work, which must +elicit the warmest thanks of all Welsh scholars, intended to perpetuate, +for the benefit of posterity, the existing documents of the Cymry to the +close of the thirteenth century. This splendid memorial of patriotism +and industry is entitled the Myvyrian Archaiology of Wales, and has +afforded a facility for the study of British Antiquities, which will +place this department of the history of our island on a sure basis. The +Cambrian Biography, the translation of the works of Llywarchhen, and an +agricultural treatise for Mr. Johnes, of Havod, the superintendence of +the Cambrian Register, the Greal, the edition of the poems of Davydd ap +Gwilym, and numerous important communications to such works as Rees’ +Encyclopædia, Warrington’s History of Wales, Hoare’s History of +Wiltshire, Britton’s Beauties of England and Wales, Campbell’s Books on +Wales, Gunn’s Tracts, Meyrick’s Cardiganshire, Cox’s Publications, +Chalmer’s Caledonia, were the fruit of his studies and indefatigable +perseverance at this period. In the year 1806, an estate in Wales +devolved to him, where, after intervals spent in London, he finally +settled. During this retirement he translated “Milton’s Paradise Lost,” +“Heber’s Palestine,” many of Mrs. Heman’s poetical pieces, &c., into +Welsh, and the “Mabinagion,” &c., into English, besides many original +productions of great merit. The University of Oxford, as a testimony of +estimation for his arduous and useful labours, conferred on him the +degree of D.C.L. He breathed his last at Dolydd y Cae, a house at the +base of Cader Idris, where he had spent a few days in the same tranquil +manner as had distinguished him through life, on the 4th of June, 1835; +thus closing a life useful to his country, and endeared to his family and +friends, at the foot of the same mountain which had witnessed his birth. +A subscription has been entered into for the purpose of raising a fund to +defray the expense of erecting a monument to the memory of the erudite +and amiable William Owen Pughe. + +_Dr. David Powel_, an eminent antiquary of Denbighshire, born about the +year 1552, and educated at Oxford, where he took his degree of D.D. He +died in 1590, and was buried at Rhiwabon, of which he was vicar. In 1584 +he published an English version of “Caradog’s Chronicle of Wales,” with +annotations, and some other works. + +_Edward Richard_, an eminent Welsh critic, and an elegant pastoral poet, +who was a native of Ystrad Meirig, in Cardiganshire. He was the master +of a grammar school in his native village, from about the year 1735 to +the time of his death, on the 4th March, 1777. + +_William Richards_, L.L.D., was born in the year 1749, in the parish of +Penrhydd, in the vicinity of Haverfordwest, county of Pembroke, South +Wales. Though the Bible was the favourite theme of his studies, his +reading was not confined to it, he made himself acquainted with the best +authors in the English language; was well versed in civil and +ecclesiastical history, and deemed an admirable critic in the +Cambro-British tongue. Having determined to devote himself to the +ministry of the gospel, he placed himself in the Baptist Academy at +Bristol in the year 1773, where he continued two years. On leaving the +academy at Bristol, Mr. Richards accepted an invitation to Pershore, in +Worcestershire, where he became assistant to Dr. John Ash, pastor of the +Baptist church of that place. In 1776 he accepted an invitation from the +Baptist church at Lynn, in Norfolk, to become their pastor, and arrived +there on the 1st of July. When Mr. Richards had been some years at Lynn, +he received an invitation to settle at Norwich, but that he declined. +After having passed forty-two years among his people at Lynn, he died on +the 13th of September, 1818, in the sixty-ninth year of his age. His +greatest effort as an author, was the “History of Lynn,” in two large +octavo volumes, embellished with engravings. + +_Sir Richard Richards_, Lord Chief Baron, was born in the year 1752. In +the whole circle of the profession, no man stood higher in private +estimation, or public respect. As a lawyer and a judge, his decisions, +particularly in exchequer cases, were sound, and evinced considerable +acuteness. He long enjoyed the friendship and confidence of Lord +Chancellor Eldon, for whom, on several occasions, he presided under +special commissions as speaker of the House of Lords. He was appointed +on the fourth of May, 1813, chief justice of Chester, one of the barons +of the exchequer in 1814, and in April, 1817, on the death of Sir A. +Thomson, Lord Chief Baron, Sir R. Richards succeeded him in that high +office. He died in London, on the 11th of November, 1823. + +_Grufydd Roberts_, a learned grammarian, who was educated at the +University of Sienna, in Italy, under the patronage of William Herbert, +Earl of Pembroke. He printed his valuable “Welsh Grammar” at Milan, in +the year 1567. + +_Rev. Daniel Rowlands_, rector of Llangeitho, in Cardiganshire, was born +in the year 1713. He was a very distinguished minister of the gospel, +who, by the mighty power of his extraordinary eloquence, roused some of +his countrymen from that lethargy into which the whole country had sunk +as to religion. His preaching was so valued, and such the benefits +derived from it, that many flocked to hear him from every part of the +Principality. He continued rising in the public esteem till his death, +which happened on October 10, 1790. He was reputed among the Calvinistic +Methodists; but he taught particular tenets, and was the founder of a +distinct sect, now pretty numerous in Wales, and denominated Rowlandists +after his name. + +_David Samwell_, an elegant poet, who was a native of Nantglyn, in +Denbighshire. He was surgeon to the ship Discovery, commanded by Captain +Cook, and was an eye-witness of the death of that celebrated navigator, +of which melancholy event he wrote a circumstantial account in the +Biographia Britannica. He died in the autumn of the year 1799. + +_Rhydderch Sion_, a poet and grammarian, who lived from about the year +1700 to 1750. The latter part of his life he passed as a printer at +Shrewsbury, where he published his “Welsh Grammar,” and a small “Welsh +Vocabulary.” + +_Trevredyn Sion_, an eminent divine among the Nonconformists, who +flourished as a theological writer from about the year 1670 to 1720; and +who published his opinions in a book, which is an elegant specimen of the +Silurian dialect. + +_Prys Thomas_, of Plâs Iolyn, a distinguished poet who lived from about +the year 1560 to 1610. He was a gentleman of an ancient family and large +property in Denbighshire; who, being of a wild and roving disposition, +fitted out a privateer in which he went to try his fortune against the +Spaniards. It appears also from one of his poems that he was an officer +in the land service, and was at Tilbury when Queen Elizabeth reviewed the +array then assembled there. + +_Davydd Edward o Vargam_, an eminent poet of Glamorgan, who was admitted +a graduate of the Gorfedd for that province in the year 1620, presided +there in 1660, and died in 1690. Many of his productions are preserved, +but his most important work is the “Augmentation of the Collection of the +Bardic Mysteries,” formed by Llywelyn o Llangewydd. + +_Alderman Waithman_ was, indeed, “the architect of his own fortune.” He +was born near Wrexham, North Wales, in 1764, of parents of virtuous +character, but in humble life. His father died soon afterwards; and his +mother re-marrying, Waithman, when an infant, was adopted by an uncle, a +respectable linendraper, in Bath, and sent to the school of one Moore, an +ingenious man, the economy of whose plan of education led all his pupils +to acquire the habit of public and extemporaneous speaking. Mr. Waithman +was afterwards taken into the business of his uncle; on whose death, +about 1788, he obtained a situation at Reading, whence he proceeded to +London, and lived with a respectable linendraper until he became of age. +He then married, and opened a shop at the south end of Fleet Market, +nearly on the precise site of the monument there erected to his memory. +His activity and success next enabled him to remove to more extensive +premises, at the corner of Bridge-street and Fleet-street, where he +always honoured the high character of a London citizen and tradesman. He +retired from his business about twelve years since. He appears to have +commenced his political career about the year 1794; when, at a Common +Hall, he submitted a series of resolutions upon the war with France, and +enforcing the necessity of a reform in parliament; which resolutions were +triumphantly carried, and laid the foundation of his popularity. He was +next elected into the Common Council, where the speeches, resolutions, +petitions and addresses, which he moved and carried, would fill a +considerable volume. His friends, and his own well-directed ambition, +next prompted him to seek to represent the city of London in parliament; +but his efforts were unsuccessful, till, at the general election of 1818, +he was returned by a great majority, having polled 4,603 votes. He next +became alderman of his ward, Farringdon Without, the most considerable in +the city. At the general election, in 1820, he lost his seat by 140 +votes. In the same year he served as Sheriff of London and Middlesex, +with activity and intelligence; as he filled the office of Lord Mayor in +1823–24. At the elections of 1826, 1830, 1831, and 1833 he was again +returned for the City. He died in February, 1833, and was buried in St. +Bride’s church, Fleet street. A glance at these few data of the +Alderman’s useful life will bear out the proposition that he was “the +architect of his own fortune.” He owed nothing to court, or even City +patronage; but, even amidst the turmoil of a political life, he +accumulated a respectable fortune; for, it should be remembered that he +became an active politician forty years since, or within ten years after +he had established himself in business. He was a man of unflinching +integrity and untiring industry—qualities which make their possessor rich +indeed. As an orator, he was characterized rather by fluency than finery +of language: he preferred common to fine sense, and his experience in +matters of the great stage of the world was very considerable. + +_Edward Williams_, master of Rotherham Academy, was born November the +14th, 1750, at Glancllwyd near Denbigh. The rudiments of his education +he received at various schools in the neighbourhood, but having at the +age of twenty, decided on entering the Christian ministry, he was placed +under private tuition. If a few years time he was sent to prosecute his +studies at the Dissenting Academy of Abergavenny. His first settlement +in the ministry was at Ross, in Herefordshire, where he was ordained in +1776. A few years after this, Mr. Williams was requested to direct the +concerns of the seminary at Abergavenny, but as he declined that +proposal, the academy was removed from Abergavenny to Oswestry, where Mr. +Williams now commenced the delivery of a course of college lectures, +which he continued for about ten years, when he transferred the academy +to other hands, and removed to Birmingham in 1792. After spending three +years at the latter place, he received an invitation to superintend the +concerns of the Independent Academy at Rotherham, in Yorkshire, to which +station he removed in 1795, and that station he continued to occupy to +the period of his death, March 9, 1813. A diploma from Edinburgh +constituting him Doctor of Divinity, was received in 1792. Among the +numerous productions of his pen are a reply to Mr. Abraham Booth on the +“Baptismal Controversy,” two volumes, duodecimo, an “Abridgement of Dr. +Owen’s Exposition of the Epistle to the Hebrews,” four volumes, octavo, +an “Essay on the Equity of Divine Government, and the Sovereignty of the +Divine Grace.” + +_Peter Williams_, A.M., an eminent divine among the Calvinists in Wales, +who died August 4th, 1796, in his seventy-seventh year. He published a +large quarto Welsh Bible in 1770, with copious notes, which has gone +through two subsequent editions. He also printed a small edition with +notes, also a Concordance, and several religious tracts. + +_Rev. William Williams_, an eminent preacher among the Methodists, and +who was a poet of considerable genius. He published a great many tracts, +and Welsh hymns for the use of his society; the principal of which is a +work called “Golwg ar Deyrnas Crist,” published in 1761. He died about +the year 1776. + +_Rev. Morris Williams_, a celebrated Welsh antiquary, was born on the 2nd +of March, 1685, in the parish of Cellan, Cardiganshire, and was the son +of the Rev. Samuel Williams, vicar of Llandifriog. The elementary part +of his classical education he received at the Caermarthen Grammar-school, +whence he removed to Oxford, and matriculated at University College, May +31, 1705. Here he took his first degree in arts in 1708; he was +afterwards incorporated in the same degree at Cambridge, and proceeded +master of arts in that University in 1718. He was ordained deacon by Dr. +Fromnel, Bishop of Norwich, a priest by Dr. Ottley, Bishop of St. +David’s. Dr. Ottley presented him to the living of Llanwenog, in the +above county, in 1715; and in 1717 he was inducted to the vicarage of +Devynock, in Brecknockshire, where, in 1718 he married Margaret Davies, +of that parish. In 1724 he exchanged this living for the rectory of +Chetton Trinity, and the vicarage of St. Mary’s, Bridgewater, +Somersetshire. He was elected a fellow of the Royal Society in 1732. +His chief reputation as a Welsh scholar and antiquary rests on the +valuable assistance he gave Dr. Wotton in preparing for publication his +edition of the Laws of Hywel Dda, the glossary to which, a very able and +learned performance, was principally compiled by Mr. Williams. His other +works comprise various theological treatises, now little known. He also +drew up a manuscript catalogue of books in the Bodleian Library at +Oxford, and a manuscript life of himself, deposited in that library. His +books and manuscripts he bequeathed to Lord Macclesfield. + +_Cynwal Williams_, an eminent poet of Penmacno, Caernarvonshire, who +lived from about the year 1560 to 1600. The most interesting part of his +works is his poetical controversy with Edmund Prys, the archdeacon of +Meirionethshire; a contest that was carried on with so much feeling as +ultimately to cause Cynwal Williams to fall a martyr to the poignancy of +one of the replications of his antagonist. + +_William Wyn_, A.M., an eminent poet and divine, of the family of Rhaged, +in Meirionethshire, who lived from about the year 1740 to 1760, in which +last year he died. He was the rector of Llangyhaval and Manavon, in +Denbighshire. Some beautiful compositions by him are printed in Dewisol +Ganiadau. + + * * * * * + + THE END. + + + + +***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF SOME OF THE +MOST EMINENT INDIVIDUALS WHICH THE PRINCIPALITY OF WALES HAS PRODUCED +SINCE THE REFORMATION*** + + +******* This file should be named 39152-0.txt or 39152-0.zip ******* + + +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: +http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/3/9/1/5/39152 + + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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