diff options
| -rw-r--r-- | .gitattributes | 3 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 39152-0.txt | 2943 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 39152-0.zip | bin | 0 -> 64151 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 39152-h.zip | bin | 0 -> 66997 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 39152-h/39152-h.htm | 3376 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | LICENSE.txt | 11 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | README.md | 2 |
7 files changed, 6335 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6833f05 --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +* text=auto +*.txt text +*.md text diff --git a/39152-0.txt b/39152-0.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3d0c0a4 --- /dev/null +++ b/39152-0.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2943 @@ +The Project Gutenberg eBook, A Biographical Sketch of some of the Most +Eminent Individuals which the Principality of Wales has produced since the +Reformation, by Robert Williams + + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + + + + +Title: A Biographical Sketch of some of the Most Eminent Individuals which the Principality of Wales has produced since the Reformation + + +Author: Robert Williams + + + +Release Date: March 15, 2012 [eBook #39152] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: UTF-8 + + +***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF SOME OF +THE MOST EMINENT INDIVIDUALS WHICH THE PRINCIPALITY OF WALES HAS PRODUCED +SINCE THE REFORMATION*** + + +Transcribed from the 1836 H. Hughes edition by David Price, email +ccx074@pglaf.org + + + + + + A + BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH + OF SOME OF + THE MOST EMINENT INDIVIDUALS + WHICH + THE PRINCIPALITY OF WALES + HAS PRODUCED SINCE THE REFORMATION. + + + * * * * * + + BY + + The REV. ROBERT WILLIAMS, M.A., + + AUTHOR OF AN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF CONWAY CASTLE. + + (To whom the Cymmvodorion awarded a Silver Medal in 1831). + + * * * * * + + WITH AN ADDENDA, + + CONTAINING MEMOIRS OF DR. WILLIAM OWEN PUGHE, + RICHARD LLWYD, THE ANTIQUARIAN, BARDD NANTGLYN, + BARDD CLOFF, AND SEVERAL OTHERS, DERIVED FROM + VARIOUS AUTHENTICATED SOURCES. + + * * * * * + + LONDON: + H. HUGHES, 15, ST. MARTIN’S-LE-GRAND. + + * * * * * + + 1836. + + METCALFF, PRINTERS, + 5 GROCERS’ HALL COURT, POULTRY. + + + + +TO THE PUBLIC. + + +The object of this little work, is, to show to the English reader, that +Wales has produced a number of highly talented and distinguished +individuals; and the publication might be greatly extended, were it +deemed prudent to add the names of those learned men who are still among +us. + +The publisher will feel obliged for any additional names, which will be +inserted in a future edition. + + * * * * * + + Mr. Williams’s portion may be had printed in Welsh. + Price one shilling. + + * * * * * + + + + +BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES, +ETC. + + +_William Baxter_ was born in Wales in the year 1650. In his eighteenth +year he was sent to Harrow School, when he could speak no other language +but Welsh; he, however, soon acquired English, and triumphantly overcame +all these disadvantages, and at the age of twenty-nine he commenced +author, with the publication of his “Analogia Linguæ Latinæ.” He +afterwards was appointed master of the Mercer’s School, in London. He +soon made himself known as an excellent philologist and antiquary, by +several learned works, and more particularly his Horace and his +Dictionary of British Antiquities, entitled “Glossarium Antiquitatum +Britannicarum,” in which he attempted, from his knowledge of the British +language, to determine geography by etymology. He died in 1723. + +_Lewis Bayly_, an eminent prelate, was a native of Caermarthen, and +studied at Oxford. He was appointed chaplain to Henry Prince of Wales, +son of James the First, to whom he dedicated a religious work, entitled +the “Practice of Piety,” which has passed through a vast number of +editions. He was rector of St. Matthew’s church, in London, and +afterwards bishop of Bangor; and died in 1631. His son, + +_Thomas Bayly_ was educated for the church at Cambridge; and during the +civil war he resided at Ragland Castle, as chaplain to the Marquis of +Worcester; after the surrender of which he travelled on the Continent; +and on his return to England he published his “Certamen Religiosum, or a +Conference between King Charles the First and Marquis of Worcester, +concerning religion, in Ragland Castle, Anno 1646,” which he is supposed +to have written to justify his embracing the Roman Catholic religion. He +also published the “Royal Charter granted to Kings,” for which he was +committed to Newgate. He also published another work, entitled “Herba +parietis.” Having made his escape from prison, he died in France in +1659. + +_Morris Clynog_ was a native of Caernarvonshire, and was educated at +Cambridge, where he graduated L.L.B. He was appointed rector of Corwen +sinecure in 1556, and became a prebendary of York, and an officer in the +Prerogative Court, under Cardinal Pole, archbishop of Canterbury, and he +was nominated to succeed Dr. William Glynn in the bishopric of Bangor; +but the queen dying before he was consecrated, he fled beyond sea, and +going to Rome he became, some years after, the first rector of the +English hospital there, after it was converted into a college for English +students, where he became much noted for his partiality to his countrymen +of Wales, which always caused a great faction between the Welsh and +English students resident there. + +_Thomas Coke_, the eminent missionary, was the son of a surgeon at +Brecon, in South Wales, where he was born in the year 1747. He was +educated at the College school at that town, and in due time he was +entered a Gentleman Commoner of Jesus College, Oxford. He took the +degree of L.L.D. in 1775; and becoming acquainted with Wesley, he +supported his opinions with great zeal. He commenced his labours as a +missionary in North America in 1784, where he remained for several years +in great popularity with the Methodists; but his advocating the cause of +the negroes, and his opposition to the inhuman traffic in slaves, brought +upon him the indignation of the Americans, and he was obliged to leave +the country with precipitancy, and it was with great difficulty that he +escaped to England. He afterwards made nine voyages as a missionary to +the West Indies with great success, which must be attributed to his pious +zeal and learning, which he has left several works to prove. His +character has always been greatly extolled for the judgment which he +exhibited in very trying periods, and for the amiableness of his +disposition. He died on his voyage to the East Indies in 1814. + +_Francis Davies_, D.D., an eminent and pious prelate, was a native of +Wales, and was born in the year 1604. After an academical education, he +entered the church; he received various preferment, and in 1660 he was +appointed archdeacon of Llandaff. In 1667 he was raised to the bishopric +of the same diocese; and died in 1674. + +_John Davies_, D.D., the celebrated Welsh antiquary and learned divine, +was born at Llanverras, in Denbighshire, and was educated at Ruthin +School, under Bishop Parry. He was entered at Jesus College, Oxford, in +1589, where he graduated. In 1608, he removed to Lincoln College, and +took his Doctor’s degree in 1616. Having been appointed chaplain to +Bishop Parry, he was made canon of St. Asaph by him; and in 1604, he was +presented to the rectory of Mallwyd, and subsequently to those of Llan yn +Mowddy and Darowen; and in 1617 to the prebend of Llannfydd, and +subsequently to Llanvor sinecure. His character was held in high +estimation in Oxford for his proficiency in the Greek and Hebrew +languages: a most exact critic, and an indefatigable searcher of +antiquities. His celebrated works are “Antiquæ Linguæ Britannicæ +Rudimenta,” 8vo., 1621, and “Dictionarium Britannico-Latinum, and +Latino-Britannicum,” which was published in London, 1632, folio. At the +end of his dictionary is a good collection of Welsh proverbs. He died in +May, 1644, and was buried in the church of Mallwydd, Meirionethshire. + +_Miles Davies_ was a native of Whitford, near Holywell, in Flintshire. +He was originally intended for the church, but from some unknown cause he +left his native country, and went to London, where he subscribed himself +barrister at law. Here he commenced author, and published three volumes +of his “Athenæ Britannicæ,” in 1715, which contain much curious and +valuable knowledge. Very little is now known of his history, but he is +supposed to have been unfortunate in his later career as a literary +character. It is uncertain when his death took place. + +_Richard Davies_, D.D., was the son of David ap Gronw, and was born in +Denbighshire, and educated at New Inn Hall, Oxford. Having entered the +church, he became vicar of Burnham, and rector of Maids-morton, +Buckinghamshire, which preferment he was deprived of in Queen Mary’s +reign, for being married; and he consequently retired to the Continent. +On the accession of Queen Elizabeth he returned home, and was raised by +her to the bishopric of St. Asaph, in 1559, from whence he was translated +to the see of St. David’s in 1561. This eminent prelate was a man of +great learning, and he was employed, with others, in translating the +Bible into English, and he translated all from the beginning of Joshua to +the end of Samuel. He also translated part of the New Testament into +Welsh, particularly some of the Epistles. He published also some other +works. He died at the Episcopal Palace of Abergwyli, Caermarthenshire, +in 1581. + +_Thomas Davies_, D.D., Bishop of St. Asaph, was a native of Llanbeder, +near Aberconwy, Caernarvonshire, where he was born about the year 1515. +He received his academical education at St. John’s College, Cambridge. +He became rector of his native parish, and was also made archdeacon of +St. Asaph, and chancellor of Bangor. In 1561 he was advanced to the +bishopric of St. Asaph, where he continued to his death, which took place +in 1573. He was a very pious and charitable person, and founded a +scholarship in Queen’s College, Cambridge. He bequeathed also +considerable sums of money for other pious uses. + +_Walter Devereux_, Earl of Essex, the father of the unfortunate favourite +of Queen Elizabeth, was born in Caermarthenshire in the year 1540, and +succeeded his grandfather in the titles of Viscount Hereford and Lord +Ferrers. His joining the Earl of Lincoln with a body of troops against +the rebels who rose in the North, recommended him to the favour of Queen +Elizabeth, who created him Earl of Essex in 1572, and made him a Knight +of the Garter. He was afterwards appointed governor of Ulster in +Ireland; and his death, which was supposed to have been hastened by +poison, by his enemy the Earl of Leicester, took place in Dublin in 1576, +leaving the character of a brave soldier, loyal subject, and +disinterested patriot. + +_David Dolben_ was born at Segrwyd, near Denbigh, in 1581. He was +educated at St. John’s College, Cambridge, where he proceeded regularly +through his degrees to that of doctor. He became a prebendary of St. +Asaph, and vicar of Hackney, in Middlesex; and in 1631 he was raised to +the bishopric of Bangor. He died two years after his promotion, in +London, and was buried in Hackney church. + +_William Edwards_, one of the most wonderful examples of self-taught +genius, was a native of Glamorganshire, where he was born at Eglwysilan, +in 1719. At an early age he attracted notice by the neatness of his +workmanship, in building walls on his father’s farm; and gradually he +arrived at the building of houses and larger structures. Having given +great satisfaction to all his employers, he undertook, in 1746, to build +a bridge over the river Tav, which was executed and greatly admired; at +the end of two years and a half it was destroyed by a tremendous flood, +which carried it away: he immediately commenced a new one, which however +was likewise a failure. The third was completed in 1755, and remains a +splendid monument of his talent, and is one of the most beautiful in the +world; its span is 140 feet; and it exceeds the famed Rialto of Venice, +which was supposed to be the largest arch in the world, by 42 feet. He +devised several important improvements in the art of bridge building, and +the success of his last bridge over the Tav introduced him to public +notice; and he was employed to build numerous other bridges in South +Wales. He died in 1789. It is rather singular that his son and grandson +were equally possessed of the same taste and architectural talent. + +_Thomas Edwards_, better known by his familiar appellation of _Twm o’r +Nant_, was born at Nant, near Denbigh, in the year 1739. He received but +a poor education in his youth, and was brought up to no regular trade, +but worked as a labourer; his genius however showed itself at an early +age, and he gave proofs of his Awen in the composition of a peculiar +species of dramatic writing, known in Wales by the name of “Interludes,” +which were very common there in the last century. They appear to bear +some analogy to the New Comedy of the Athenians, where he satirizes +living persons under fictitious names; and although there are numerous +examples of low scurrility and satire, yet they abound with fine strokes +of genuine wit, and excellent poetry. He possessed a command of +language, and was a good writer when he pleased; a neat specimen of which +exists in his Autobiography, in Welsh. He spent his life in various +parts of Wales, in different occupations, although he esteemed the acting +of his Interludes not the least profitable. He generally bore a part in +the exhibiting of his compositions, and gained considerable profit by +selling printed copies of them, which he hawked about the country +himself. Some of his poetry on various subjects has been published, and +two portraits of him. He was a man of great muscular power; and he died +in 1810, in the seventy-first year of his age. + +_John Evans_, D.D., was born at Wrexham, in Denbighshire, in 1680. He +was an eminent Dissenting divine, and graduated both at Edinburgh and +Aberdeen; he was the author of several most excellent sermons on the +Christian Temper, which have been admired by divines of every +denomination. He for some years was the minister of the congregation of +Independents in Petty France, having succeeded Dr. Williams; he was also +lecturer for some time at Saddlers’ Hall; and he died of dropsy in 1732. + +_John Evans_, D.D., was born in Llanarmon, Denbighshire. He received his +education at Jesus College, Oxford, where he proceeded through his +degrees. Having taken orders, he obtained the living of Llanaelhaiarn, +in Carnarvonshire, and in 1701 he was promoted to the bishopric of +Bangor, and he was translated thence to the bishopric of Meath, in +Ireland, in 1715. + +_Evan Evans_, an eminent divine and poet, better known among his +countrymen by the bardic appellation of Ienan Brydydd Hir, was born at +Cynhawdrev in Cardiganshire, in the year 1730. He received his education +at the grammar school of Ystrad-meurug in the same county, whence he +removed to Oxford, and was entered at Merton College in 1751. After +leaving college he officiated as curate at several places; and applied +himself with great diligence to the cultivation of Welsh literature, and +employed his leisure time in transcribing ancient manuscripts; for which +purpose he visited most of the libraries in Wales, where manuscripts were +known to exist. In the pursuit of his literary labours he for some time +enjoyed the patronage of Sir Watkin W. Wynne, and Dr. Warren, Bishop of +Bangor. He received an annuity of 20_l._ from Paul Panton, Esq., of +Plasgwyn, in Anglesea, on condition that all his manuscripts should on +his death become his property; and in consequence, the whole collection, +amounting to a hundred volumes, was deposited in Plasgwyn Library, where +they still remain. He published two volumes of Welsh sermons, and was +the author of an English poem, entitled the “Love of our Country;” but +his chief work which ranked him high as an antiquary and critic, was a +volume of Welsh poems with Latin translations, prefaced by a learned +“Dissertatio de Bardis.” The Welsh poems in this volume furnished Gray +with matter for some of his most beautiful poetry. Mr. Evans was a man +of excellent disposition, and great abilities as a Welsh scholar, but for +some reason he never obtained any preferment in the church. He served in +succession the curacies of Towyn in Meirion, Llanberis, and Llanllechid +in Caernarvonshire. He died suddenly at the place of his birth, in +August, 1789. + +_Richard Fenton_, well known as the author of a “Historical Tour through +Pembrokeshire;” was born in Wales, and was for several years an eminent +member of the Welsh bar. He was also author of other works which were +published anonymously, of which “A Tour in search of Genealogy,” and “The +Memoirs of an Old Wig,” were highly esteemed as works of great interest, +and abounding in wit and anecdote. He was a particular friend of +Garrick, Goldsmith, Glover, and other great wits of the day. He +translated also the works of Athenæus, which were never published. He +died at an advanced age in November, 1821. + +_John Gambold_ was born at Haverfordwest about the year 1706. He +received a liberal education, and was entered at Christ Church, Oxford, +where he took his degree of Master of Arts in 1734. He was presented to +the living of Stanton Harcourt by Archbishop Secker in 1738, which he +resigned ten years after, from motives of conscience, having become a +convert to the opinions of Zinzerdorf, an account of whose life and +character he published. He was appointed by the Moravians one of their +bishops, of whom he had become a distinguished member in 1754. While at +Oxford, he was the author of a “Sacred Drama,” which was published in +1740, on the subject of the martyrdom of Saint Ignatius; and he +superintended an edition of the Greek Testament at the Clarendon press; +he translated also a History of Greenland from the Dutch, besides several +sermons and other productions. He was a man of blameless morals, deep +erudition, and sincere piety; and he was greatly beloved for the +amiableness of his manners. He died at Haverfordwest in 1771. He was +author of a “Welsh Grammar,” and an able critic in the language. + +_William Glynn_, D.D., was born in 1504, at Malltraeth in Anglesea, and +educated at Cambridge, where he became Master of Queen’s College. In +1549, he was presented to the living of St. Martin’s-le-grand, London; +and in 1551 he was made rector of his native parish of Heneglwys, and in +1555 he was promoted to the episcopal see of Bangor, where he died in +1558, in the fifty-fourth year of his age. Fuller, in his Worthies of +Wales, gives a high character of this excellent bishop; and he was a man +of great natural abilities and learning, and strictly attentive to the +duties of his high station. + +_Edmund Griffith_, D.D., was a native of Lleyn in Caernarvonshire, where +he was born in 1570. He was educated at Brazen-nose College, Oxford, +whence he removed to Jesus College, where he graduated. In 1599, he +obtained the rectory of Llandwrog, and the following year he was made +canon of Bangor; and after other preferments he was made dean of the same +diocese in 1613, and he was promoted to the bishopric in 1633. His death +took place in the year 1637. + +_Elizabeth Griffith_, who has distinguished herself in the literary world +by several productions, was a native of Wales; she married an Irish +gentleman of the name of Richard Griffith, and little is known of her +except her works. She first published “Letters of Henry and Frances,” +which is supposed to contain the genuine correspondence of herself and +her husband before, and for some time after their marriage. She was the +author of several dramas, novels, and several other productions, which +obtained various success. She died in 1793. + +_George Griffith_, D.D., was born at Penrhyn, Caernarvonshire, in 1601. +He was educated at Westminster School, from whence he was elected student +of Christ Church, Oxford, in 1619, where he became an eminent tutor and +preacher. He was appointed chaplain to Bishop John Owens, and was by him +presented to the rectory of Llanvechain, Montgomeryshire, which he +subsequently left for Llanymynech, and he also had the rectory of +Llandrinio. In 1631, he was made a canon of St. Asaph. On the +commencement of the civil war, he lost his preferment on account of his +attachment to the royal cause, to which he rendered good service; but on +the Restoration he was rewarded, and raised to the bishopric of St. +Asaph. In a convocation of the clergy in 1662, he was an active member +in drawing up the Act of Uniformity, and making several alterations in +the Liturgy; and he is supposed to have written the form for the baptism +of those of riper years. He was also author of some Plain Discourses on +the Lord’s Supper. He died in 1666. + +_John Gwillim_ was born of an ancient Welsh family in Herefordshire, in +1565. He was educated at Brazen-nose College, Oxford, and became a +member of the Herald’s College, London, in which he obtained the +appointment of Rouge Croix Pursuivant, in 1617, which was owing to the +appearance of his famous work, the “Display of Heraldry,” which first +appeared in 1610, and has since gone through several other editions. His +death took place in 1621. + +_Matthew Gwinne_, M.D., was an eminent physician, and was the first +professor of medicine on Sir Thomas Gresham’s foundation. The exact year +of his birth is uncertain, but he was born in London of Welsh parents; +and he received his education at Merchant Tailors’ School, whence he +removed to St. John’s, Oxford, of which college he became a fellow. He +composed a Masque, which recommended him to King James the First, before +whom it was performed in Oxford; and he rose higher in that monarch’s +favour by an essay which he wrote against tobacco. He was the author of +various other poems and prose works. He died in 1627. + +_John Hanmer_, a member of the ancient family of the same name, living at +Hanmer, in Flintshire, was educated at the University of Oxford, where he +obtained a fellowship in All Souls College. He subsequently became a +prebendary of Worcester, and rector of Bingham, Nottinghamshire. He was +appointed chaplain to King James the First, who nominated him bishop of +St. Asaph in 1623. He died at Pentre-pont, near Oswestry, in 1629; and +bequeathed several sums of money for charitable purposes. + +_Sir Thomas Hanmer_, Baronet, was born in 1676, and succeeded to the +title and estates of his uncle Sir John Hanmer, in Flintshire. He was +educated at Westminster School, and Christ Church, Oxford. He commenced +his parliamentary career in the representation of the county of Suffolk; +and in 1713, he was elected speaker of the House of Commons, which +honourable office he held until the end of his parliamentary life, which +from its commencement lasted upwards of thirty years. He then withdrew +altogether from public life, and turned his attention to literature; he +published an elegant edition of Shakspeare in six volumes, quarto, which +was printed at Oxford in 1744; and he liberally presented the copyright +to the University. He died at his seat in Suffolk in 1746. + +_Howell Harris_ was born at Trevecka, in Brecknockshire, in 1714. His +parents were in humble circumstances, but they contrived to give him a +classical education, and kept him at school until he was eighteen, when +his father dying, he was obliged to support himself by giving instruction +to a few boys in the neighbourhood, intending at a proper time to enter +the established church. In 1735, he went to Oxford, and was entered at +St. Mary Hall, where he did not remain to complete his studies. In 1739, +he began to traverse Wales, preaching in the open fields and streets +according to the tenets which Whitfield was spreading in England, and +gaining numerous converts every day. The sect which he introduced is +still very great in Wales, and after spending seventeen years in +spreading his doctrine, he came to reside permanently at his native town +of Trevecka. After an active life, he died in the year 1773. + +_John ap Henry_ was born in Wales in 1559, and was a celebrated character +at that period, better known by his assumed title of Martin Marprelate. +He was entered at Peterhouse, Cambridge, where he took the degree of B.A. +in 1584; he afterwards removed to Oxford, where he graduated M.A.; he +preached frequently in both Universities, and gained great reputation, +and he afterwards became a notorious Puritan. His embracing the +principles of the Brownists, rendered him obnoxious to a vindictive +government, to the cruelty of which he afterwards fell a victim. He was +prosecuted for some libellous pamphlets which could not be proved against +him; and afterwards he was most illegally tried and condemned on a charge +of denying the sovereign’s authority, for which he was accordingly +executed. He was a man of great talent and learning, but his productions +are chiefly political tracts which related to that period. + +_Matthew Henry_ was the son of Philip Henry, an eminent Nonconformist, +and he was born at Broad Oak, in Flintshire, in the year 1663. He was +early instructed by his father in the Latin, Greek, and Hebrew languages, +in which he made great proficiency, and being originally intended for the +bar, he was entered at Gray’s Inn; but his great predilection for +divinity induced him to leave that profession, and for twenty-five years +he was the zealous pastor of a Dissenting congregation in Chester. In +1702, he removed to Hackney, where he paid the most sedulous attention to +the duties of his ministry; he remained there until his death, which took +place in 1714, of a stroke of apoplexy. His numerous works are a proof +of his deep learning, and he enjoyed great popularity both as an author +and a preacher; his chief work is an Exposition of the Bible, in five +volumes, folio, which has gone through numerous editions. + +_Edward Herbert_, Lord Herbert of Cherbury, eminent for his character and +writings, was the son of Richard Herbert, Esq., of a very ancient family, +and was born at Montgomery Castle, in North Wales, in 1581. His +proficiency was so great in his early education that he was entered at +University College, Oxford, at the age of twelve. In 1600, he came to +London, and being introduced at court, he became a Knight of the Bath +soon after the accession of James the First. After spending his time in +visiting various courts of Europe, and serving for some time under the +Prince of Orange in the Low Countries, in 1614, he was sent on an embassy +to the court of France; and having been recalled, he was sent ambassador +a second time, and while there he printed at Paris his famous book “De +veritate prout distinguitur a Revelatione.” In 1625, he returned home, +and was created an Irish Peer, and afterwards an English Baron. He +afterwards retired from public life, and upon the breaking out of the +civil war, he joined the parliamentary party, but he soon quitted it, and +joined the royal cause, and consequently he was a great sufferer in his +estate. He died in London, in 1648, and was buried in St. +Giles’s-in-the-fields. He wrote the Memoirs of his own Life, which were +not published until the year 1764, by Lord Oxford. The character of this +distinguished nobleman was brave, generous, and disinterested. + +_George Herbert_, younger brother of Lord Herbert, distinguished himself +as a poet and divine; he also was born at Montgomery Castle, in 1593. He +was educated at Westminster School, and Trinity College, Cambridge, where +he obtained a fellowship; and in 1619, he was chosen public orator. +Having taken orders, he applied himself with great assiduity to the +duties of his profession, and the first benefice which he received was a +prebend in the diocese of Lincoln, and the parish church connected with +it was rebuilt mostly at his own expense. He subsequently obtained the +rectory of Bemerton, near Salisbury. His death took place in February, +1633. He published the “Country Parson,” and he was the author of the +“Temple,” which contains poems on sacred subjects, besides other minor +pieces. + +_James Howel_, the author of the popular and interesting “Epistolæ +Hoelianæ,” was the son of a clergyman, and born in Caermarthenshire, in +1596. He took his degree of bachelor of arts in Jesus College, Oxford, +in 1613. When he left the University, he was appointed, through the +interest of Sir Robert Mansel, to superintend a patent glass manufactory +in London, which had been established by some men of rank. In 1619, he +commenced a tour on the Continent in the service of his employers, and +during the three years that he continued abroad, he visited Holland, +Spain, France, and Italy; in Venice he engaged some workmen for his +manufactory, for the Venetians were at that time very famous for their +skill in casting plate-glass. Soon after his return to England he was +elected fellow of Jesus College, and travelled abroad again with the son +of Lord Altham. He afterwards had the office of secretary to Lord +Scrope, then president of the North, and was elected member of parliament +for Richmond, and subsequently he was appointed secretary to the English +Ambassador, the Earl of Leicester, in Denmark. In 1640, he was made +clerk of the council, which he did not long retain by reason of +Cromwell’s usurpation. His works are numerous, and he was the first who +held the office of Historiographer, which he obtained on the Restoration. +He died in 1666. + +_William Hughes_, D.D., was a native of Caernarvonshire, and was educated +partly at Oxford, whence he removed to Christ’s College, Cambridge. He +was chaplain to the Duke of Norfolk, and he took his degrees of divinity +in Oxford, having been incorporated from Cambridge. He was afterwards +rector of Llysfaen in Caernarvonshire, and in 1573, he was consecrated +Bishop of St. Asaph. He died in 1600. + +_Humphrey Humphreys_, D.D., was born at Penrhyn-dau-draeth, +Merionethshire, in 1648. He received his education at the free grammar +schools of Oswestry and Bangor, and in 1665, he was admitted a member of +Jesus College, Oxford, where he obtained a scholarship, and afterwards a +fellowship; he proceeded regularly through his degrees, and became rector +of Llanvrothen, which he left in 1672 for the living of Trawsfynydd. +Having been made a canon of Bangor, he was installed dean of the same +cathedral in 1680, and in 1689, he was raised to the bishopric, from +which he was translated to the see of Hereford in 1701. His death took +place in 1712. He was a person of excellent virtues during the whole +course of his life, and an example of piety, and strictly attentive to +the duties of his high station. + +_George_, _Lord Jefferies_, _Baron Wem_, was the son of John Jefferies, +Esq., of Acton, in Denbighshire, where he was born in the beginning of +the seventeenth century. He received his education at Shrewsbury School, +and Westminster, and was entered at the Middle Temple to study law. His +father’s family being large, his allowance was consequently very scanty, +but his industry and ingenuity supplied all deficiencies. On commencing +his professional career, he was made a citizen of London through the +interest of a relation; and he was subsequently chosen recorder of the +corporation. This high station recommended him to the notice of the +court, and furthered his advancement. He was appointed successively a +Welsh Judge, and Chief Justice of Chester, and created a baronet. Having +been appointed Chief Justice of the King’s Bench, he was employed to +prosecute the adherents of the Duke of Monmouth, which office he executed +with great cruelty, and for his zeal in this service he was rewarded by +the vindictive and cold-hearted James with the post of Lord High +Chancellor. It is acknowledged, however, that he showed himself an able +and impartial judge in cases which were not connected with politics. On +the accession of William the Third, he was committed to the Tower, where +he died in April, 1689. He was succeeded in his title and estates by his +only son, whose daughter was married to Earl Pomfret; and after his +death, she presented the noble collection, known by the name of Pomfret +marbles, to the University of Oxford. + +_William Lleyn_ was a very celebrated Welsh bard, and flourished in the +reign of Queen Elizabeth. He was a native of Llangain in Lleyn, in +Caernarvonshire. He excelled all the bards of his time in sublimity of +thought and poetic fire, and was much admired for the sprightliness of +his wit. His compositions are remarkable for grave sentences, and maxims +of policy and wisdom. He had a poetical contest with Owain Gwynedd, a +contemporary bard, which is still extant, besides several other pieces +which have never been published. He died at Oswestry. + +_David Jenkins_ was born at Hensol, in Glamorganshire, in 1586. He was +educated at Edmund Hall, Oxford, and entered at Gray’s Inn. Being called +to the bar, he was subsequently made a Welsh Judge, and continued in this +office until he was taken prisoner by the parliamentary forces at +Hereford, and imprisoned in the Tower of London. Having rendered himself +obnoxious to the parliament, in consequence of his having condemned, when +judge, several who had taken arms against the King, he was brought before +the House of Commons; whose authority he denied, and called the whole +assembly a den of thieves; being provoked by this language, they voted +him guilty of high treason, and sentenced him to be hanged; on which he +undauntedly observed that he would suffer with the Bible under one arm +and Magna Charta under the other. He escaped however this punishment, +but was fined 1,000_l._ for contempt, and his estates were confiscated. +He was committed to Newgate, where he remained until the Restoration; but +it does not appear that he obtained any reward for his courage and +fidelity from the forgetful Charles. He died in 1667, at Cambridge. + +_Sir Leoline Jenkins_, L.L.D., was born in 1623, at Llantrisaint, in the +county of Glamorgan, and was educated at Jesus College, Oxford. When the +civil war broke out, he took arms for the King, and upon the failure of +the royal cause he left the kingdom. On the Restoration he returned to +Jesus College, and was elected fellow, and in 1661, he became the +principal. He was afterwards admitted an advocate at Doctors’ Commons; +and with other eminent civilians he was appointed to review the maritime +laws, and to compile a body of rules for the adjudication of prizes, +which became the standard of the Court of Admiralty. He was made judge +of the same court in 1665, and in 1668, of the Prerogative Court in +Canterbury. He was likewise sent on an embassy to the Dutch. On his +return he was chosen member for the University of Oxford, sworn of the +privy council, and appointed secretary of state, which office he resigned +in 1684. On the accession of James, he was again elected member for +Oxford, but was prevented by ill health from sitting in that parliament, +and died in 1685. His letters and papers were collected and published by +W. Wynne, in two folio volumes; and all his estate was bequeathed by him +for charitable uses, and chiefly to Jesus College. + +_Thomas Johnes_ was born of an ancient Welsh family in Ludlow, in 1748. +He was educated at Eton, and Jesus College, Oxford, where he proceeded to +his Master’s degree. He was the proprietor of the estate of Havod, in +Cardiganshire, where he built a splendid mansion, and occupied himself +there in planting trees, and otherwise improving his property. He also +devoted himself to literary pursuits, the fruits of which are elegant +editions of the “Chronicles of Froissart and Monstrelet,” and several +other works, all of which he himself translated from the French, and +printed at his own establishment at Havod. He first obtained a seat in +parliament for the borough of Cardigan, and afterwards for the county of +Radnor; he was likewise auditor for Wales, and colonel of the +Caermarthenshire militia. In 1807, his library, consisting of the finest +typographical productions, and containing a number of valuable Welsh +manuscripts, was burnt in a fire which nearly destroyed the whole house. +He died in 1816. + +_Edward Jones_, D.D., was born near the town of Montgomery, and was +educated at Westminster School, whence he was elected to Trinity College, +Cambridge, where he was chosen fellow in 1667. He became master of +Kilkenny College, and dean of Lismore, in Ireland, and was made bishop of +Cloyne, and in 1692 he was translated to the see of St. Asaph. His +translation to this diocese was entirely owing to his being a native of +the country. He died at Westminster in 1703. + +[For an account of Edward Jones, Bardd y Brenin,—see _Addenda_.] + +_Owen Jones_, the distinguished Welsh antiquary, whose name will be ever +associated with the Welsh language, was born in Llanvihangel +Glyn-y-myvyr, Denbighshire, in 1741. In early life he removed to London, +and entered the employment of an eminent furrier, whom he eventually +succeeded. Being enthusiastically interested in the antiquities of his +native country, he devoted a great portion of his time to the collecting +of Welsh manuscripts; and the result of his disinterested patriotism has +been the publication of the “Archaiology of Wales,” in three volumes, +entirely at his own expense. He also procured transcripts of ancient +Welsh poetry, amounting to fifty volumes, quarto, which invaluable +collection is now deposited in the Cymmrodorion Library, in London. He +published the works of the famous poet, Davydd ap Gwilym, and also +“Dihewyd y Cristion.” In 1772, Mr. Jones, formed the Gwyneddigion +Society, for the purpose of patronizing the Bards of Wales, and promoting +the study of the Welsh language; and this excellent society annually +offers prize medals, and other rewards for compositions on various +subjects. After a most useful and active life, this amiable man, whose +zeal was only equalled by his private worth, died at his house in +Thames-street, London, September, 1814, in the seventy-third year of his +age. + +_Inigo Jones_, whose proper name was Ynyr, which in his travels in Italy, +he Italianized into Inigo, was born at Llanrwst, Denbighshire, about the +year 1572. Being originally destined for a mechanical employment, he +emerged from obscurity by dint of talent, which recommended him to the +Earl of Pembroke, a great patron of the fine arts, who also supplied him +with the means of visiting Italy, for the purpose of studying landscape +painting. While at Venice, the works of Paladio inspired him with a +taste for architecture, in the practice of which he arrived at unrivalled +excellence. His reputation recommended him to the notice of Christiern +the Fourth, King of Denmark, who bestowed on him the post of first +architect. Having returned to England, he was appointed architect to the +Queen, and Prince Henry, and afterwards to the Board of Works. His +acknowledged taste in classical architecture obtained for him sufficient +employment from court, and many of the nobility and gentry, so that he +realized a handsome fortune. Many proofs exist of the elegant taste of +this great architect; and he was also commissioner for the repairing of +St. Paul’s Cathedral, all of which was ruined by the great fire; but it +was subsequently rebuilt after Jones’s original design. During the civil +war he was forced to pay a fine on account of his known attachment to the +royal family; and being distressed at the ruin of the royal cause, and +worn down with suffering and old age, he died in July, 1652. He was a +good geometrician, and well skilled in various branches of literature and +science; but as an author he only published a curious treatise, to +attempt to prove that Stonehenge was a Roman temple. + +_John Jones_, L.L.D., an eminent divine and philologist, was a native of +Caermarthenshire. He was educated at the Dissenting College of Hackney; +and he became tutor in several Dissenting academies successively in Wales +and England. He finally settled in London, where he spent his time in +editing his numerous works; among the most popular of which are his +“Greek and English Lexicon,” and his “Grammar,” both Greek and Latin, +besides other works on education; and he likewise was held in great +esteem as a private tutor. He died in London in 1827. + +_William Jones_, an eminent mathematician, was born in the Isle of +Anglesey in 1680. At a very early age he applied himself diligently to +the study of mathematics; and in his twenty-second year he published a +“Compendium of the Art of Navigation,” which was much approved of. He +began his career in teaching these sciences on board of a man-of-war; and +he was present at the capture of Vigo. On his return to England, he gave +instructions in the mathematics in London, and having attracted the +notice of some influential men, he was appointed by Lord Hardwicke +secretary of the peace. He enjoyed the friendship of the great +mathematicians and writers of the age, among whom were Newton, Halley, +Head, and Dr. Johnson. He was member of the Royal Society, and then +vice-president. He was author of several valuable papers on mathematics, +which were published in the Philosophical Transactions. He died of a +polypus in the heart in July, 1749. + +Sir _William Jones_, the celebrated oriental scholar, was the son of the +subject of the preceding article, and was born in London, September, +1746. He received his early education at Harrow School, where he was +sent in his eighth year. He very soon attracted the notice of the +masters by his splendid genius; and in 1764, he was entered at University +College, Oxford. While here, he supported, at his own expense, a native +of Aleppo, for the purpose of acquiring the true pronunciation of the +Arabic. And having undertaken the office of tutor to Lord Althorpe, he +went with him to the German Spa, where he perfected himself in the German +language; and on his return, he distinguished himself by translating the +“Life of Nadir Shah” into French, which language he wrote with much +elegance. He obtained a college fellowship, and afterwards entered +himself as a law student in the Temple. In 1772, he published some +poems, and in the same year was elected a fellow of the Royal Society; +and in 1774, he was called to the bar; about two years after, he was made +commissioner of bankrupts. In the mean time, he published several works, +chiefly in oriental literature, which excited the admiration of the +world; and at the same time he was advancing rapidly in professional +reputation. In an election for the University of Oxford he offered +himself as a candidate, where, however, though respectably supported, he +did not succeed. On the accession of the Shelburne administration, he +obtained what had long been the summit of his ambition—the appointment of +Judge in the Supreme Court of Judicature in Bengal, to which he was +nominated in 1783, and received the honour of knighthood. He married +Miss Shipley, the daughter of the Bishop of St. Asaph; and in the same +year he arrived at Calcutta. While in India, he wrote numerous +translations from the Hindostanee, and formed there a society, similar to +the Royal Society of London, of which he was chosen the first president. +He next undertook to compile a complete digest of the Hindoo and +Mohammedan laws, which was not however completed by him. In 1794, he was +seized with an inflammation of the liver, and died on the 27th of April, +in the forty-eighth year of his age. Few men have died more respected +and lamented than Sir William Jones: his genius and profound learning had +attracted the praise of all; and as a linguist, he has not been +surpassed, for he knew no less than twenty-nine languages, and most of +them critically. All his works were collected and published by his +widow, in six volumes, quarto. + +_Lloyd_, _Lord Kenyon_, was born in Gredington, Flintshire, in 1732. He +was the second son of a gentleman of independent fortune, and was +originally intended to be brought up as a solicitor, and he was under the +instruction of an eminent lawyer at Nantwich. In consequence of the +death of an elder brother, he was entered at the Middle Temple, and after +being called to the bar, he attended various circuits before he obtained +any practice, which caused him to despair of succeeding in his +profession, and think of applying himself to divinity, and taking orders. +Active attention, however, and indefatigable industry, brought him at +length to notice and extensive practice. He confined himself afterwards +entirely to the Court of Chancery, where he obtained the most +distinguished celebrity, although he ranked high as a common lawyer. He +conducted the defence of Lord George Gordon, when he was tried for high +treason. In 1780 he was appointed Lord Chief Justice of Chester, and he +twice filled the office of Attorney-general. On the death of Sir John +Sewell, he accepted the office of Master of the Rolls, and in 1788 he +succeeded Lord Mansfield as Lord Chief Justice of the King’s Bench, where +he gave the greatest satisfaction by his integrity and able +administration of justice. He died in 1802, in his seventieth year. + +_David Lloyd_, L.L.D., was born at Llanidloes, Montgomeryshire, in the +year 1603. He was entered at the age of fourteen at All Soul’s College, +Oxford, where he afterwards became a fellow. Having taken orders, he +obtained the rectory of Trevdraeth, in Anglesea, in 1641, which he +resigned on his presentation to Llangynhaval in the following year, and +became successively vicar of Llanvair, in Dyfryn Clwyd, and warden of +Ruthin, and prebendary of Chester; out of all of which he was ejected +after the breaking out of the civil war, and for his loyalty he was a +great sufferer. On the accession of Charles the Second, he was restored +to his benefices, and promoted to the deanery of St. Asaph in 1660. He +was esteemed an ingenious man, and a good poet; and he published several +pieces which were prized for their wit. He died at Ruthin in September, +1663. + +_David Lloyd_, M.A., was born at Trawsvynydd, Merionethshire, in 1635, +and educated at Ruthin School. He removed thence to Oriel College, +Oxford, where he graduated, and obtained a college living. He +subsequently retired to Wales, where he was appointed chaplain to Bishop +Barrow, who, besides other preferment, gave him a canonry in the diocese +of St. Asaph. He was afterwards vicar of Northop, where he resided for +several years; he published several works, of which the principal are +“Worthies of the World,” 1665, octavo; “Memories of Statesmen and +Favourites of England,” octavo. He was zealous and industrious in the +discharge of his clerical duties, and esteemed by all for his charitable +disposition. On finding his health decaying, he retired to the place of +his nativity, where he died in 1691. + +_Henry Lloyd_ was the son of a clergyman in Wales, where he was born in +1729. His early education he received from his father, who instructed +him in the classics and mathematics. Being intended for the army, he +went abroad, and was at the battle of Fontenoy; he afterwards travelled +in Germany, and resided in Austria for some years, where he was appointed +aid-de-camp to Marshal Lascy, and received higher promotion. In 1760 he +commanded a large detachment of cavalry and infantry, which was destined +to observe the motions of the Prussians. He executed this service with +great success; but soon after, for some reason, he threw up his +commission in disgust. He was next employed by the King of Prussia, and +served in two campaigns until the peace. On the breaking out of the war +between the Turks and Russians, he offered his services to Catherine the +Second, who made him a major-general, and he greatly distinguished +himself at the seige of Silistria in 1774, and subsequently he had the +command of 30,000 men in the war with Sweden. After his return to +England, he published several works on military tactics, which are highly +thought of, and placed him in a high rank as a military writer. He died +at Huy, in the Netherlands, in 1783. + +_Hugh Lloyd_, D.D., was a native of South Wales, where he was born in the +year 1589, and having been brought up for the church, and having received +an University education, he became rector of Llangatoc, in Breconshire, +and archdeacon of St. David’s. In 1660 he was advanced to the bishopric +of Llandav, where he continued until his death, which took place in 1667, +and he was buried in his cathedral. + +_Humffrey Lloyd_, D.D., was born in 1610, at Trawsvynydd, Merionethshire. +He received an academical education; and having taken orders, he became +in time, a prebendary of York, and vicar of Rhiwabon, in Denbighshire, +and likewise a prebendary of Chester; out of which he was ejected in the +great rebellion; but living to be restored in 1660, he was made canon of +St. Asaph the following year, and in 1667 dean of the same cathedral; in +1673 he was raised to the bishopric of Bangor. He was a great benefactor +to his cathedral, and greatly increased the revenues of his see. He died +in 1688. + +_John Lloyd_, D.D., was a native of Caermarthenshire, where he was born +in 1638. He was entered at Merton College, Oxford, whence he removed to +Jesus College, where he graduated, and of which in time he became +prebendary. He also discharged the office of vice-chancellor in that +University with great satisfaction, and was held in high esteem for his +piety and learning. In 1686 he was promoted to the bishopric of St. +David’s, but by reason of ill health he removed to Oxford, and died at +Jesus College in 1687. + +_Nicholas Lloyd_, an eminent divine, and philological writer, was born in +Flintshire in 1634. He received his education at Winchester School, and +Wadham College, Oxford, where he obtained a fellowship. He was for some +years rector of Newington Butts, near London, to which he had been +appointed by the Bishop of Worcester, to whom he was chaplain. He died +there in 1680. He published an excellent and highly esteemed “Historical +and Geographical Dictionary,” in Latin, which has been the basis of many +similar compilations. + +_William Lloyd_, D.D., an eminent prelate, was the son of the Rev. +Richard Lloyd, Rector of Tilehurst, Berks, who came from Henblas, in +Anglesea, and was born at his father’s living in 1627. At the early age +of eleven he was entered at Oriel College, Oxford, whence he removed to +New College, and subsequently to Jesus College, where he became +successively a scholar and fellow. Having taken orders in 1648, he was +presented to the rectory of Bradfield, Berks, in 1654, which he +afterwards resigned. He was appointed chaplain to Charles the Second, +and prebendary of Salisbury, then rector of St. Mary’s, in Reading, and +archdeacon of Merioneth; four years after, he was made dean of Bangor. +After various other preferment, he was advanced to the bishopric of St. +Asaph in 1680. He was one of the seven bishops who were committed to the +Tower for subscribing and presenting a petition to King James, +deprecating his assumed power of suspending the laws against popery. +Bishop Lloyd having heartily concurred in the Revolution, was appointed +lord almoner to King William, and in 1692 he was translated to Lichfield +and Coventry, and thence in 1699 to Worcester. His writings, which +relate to history and divinity are greatly prized, and are distinguished +for the learning and acute judgment exhibited in them. He died in 1717. + +_William Lloyd_, D.D., was a native of Wales, and was educated at St. +John’s College, Cambridge, and graduated there. Having taken orders, he +obtained various preferment, and in 1675 he was made bishop of Llandaff, +from whence he was translated to Peterborough in 1679, and thence in 1685 +to the see of Norwich, out of which he was ejected for not taking the +oath to King William and Queen Mary. He retired to Hammersmith, near +London, where he died in 1710. + +_Edward Llwyd_, M.A., an eminent British antiquary and naturalist, was a +native of Cardiganshire, where he was born about 1670. At the age of +seventeen, he was entered at Jesus College, Oxford, where he graduated. +He succeeded Dr. Plot, the keeper of the Ashmolean Museum, and applied +himself with great diligence to the study of the language of the early +Britons, and for that purpose he travelled in the countries where it +still remained. After having visited Ireland, Scotland, Cornwall, and +Bretagne, and making himself perfect in the various dialects, he +published the results of his accurate observations in the “Archæologia +Britannica,” which was the first volume of a series on a great plan, +which he did not live to carry on; and his death taking place before the +ample materials which he had provided were properly arranged for the +press, the whole of his manuscripts were sold to Sir Thomas Sebright, but +not before Jesus College and the University had refused to purchase them. +They subsequently came to the possession of Colonel Johnes, of Havod, and +were mostly burnt in the fire which nearly destroyed that gentleman’s +mansion. He died in 1709. He was also author of “Lithophylacii +Britannici Ichnographia,” and a catalogue of the manuscripts in the +Ashmolean Museum, besides several papers published in the Philosophical +Transactions. + +_Humfrey Lloyd_, M.A., a learned antiquary and historian, was born in the +town of Denbigh in 1527. He was entered a gentleman commoner of +Brazen-nose College, Oxford, where he graduated in 1551, and studied +medicine. He returned to his native place, where he practised his +profession, and also represented it in parliament. He was highly +esteemed by Camden, and the geographer Ortelius, to whom he addressed his +“Commentarioli Britannicæ descriptionis fragmentum,” published at Cologne +in 1572. He also translated Caradog of Llancarvan’s “History of +Cambria,” which was edited by Dr. Powel, in 1584, quarto, and he was +author of a letter “De Monâ Druidum Insulâ antiquitati suæ restitutâ.” +He died in 1568. + +_Christopher Love_, an eminent Presbyterian divine, was born at Caerdiff, +in 1618. He was originally intended for trade, and was apprenticed in +London; but his father was persuaded afterwards to give him an University +education, and accordingly he was entered at New-Inn Hall, Oxford, where +he proceeded in due order to his degrees of bachelor and master of arts, +and entered the church. Upon his refusal to subscribe to the canons +which were enjoined by Archbishop Laud, he was expelled the congregation +of masters. Upon the establishment of the Presbyterian government, he +was ordained to preach at St. Mary’s, Aldermanbury; and he was one of the +commissioners appointed by parliament at the treaty of Uxbridge. He was +one of the London ministers who signed a declaration against putting the +King to death, and subsequently he took an active share in a conspiracy +to place Charles the Second on the throne, which was detected by the +vigilance of Cromwell; and Mr. Love was tried, and beheaded on Tower-hill +in August, 1651. + +_Richard Lucas_, D.D., an excellent divine, and classical scholar, was +born at Presteign, Radnorshire, in 1648. He received an University +education at Jesus College, Oxford, where he graduated. In 1683 he was +elected by the parishioners to the lectureship of St. Olave’s, Southwark, +and the vicarage of St. Stephen’s, Coleman-street. He obtained +afterwards a stall in Westminster, which he held for nineteen years. His +writings consist of sermons and various other theological works. + +_Francis Mansel_ was the third son of Sir Francis Mansel, of Muddlescomb, +Caermarthenshire, where he was born in 1588. He was educated at Hereford +School, and Jesus College, Oxford. He became a fellow of All Souls, and +in 1620 he was elected principal of Jesus College. He was ejected from +his office at the parliamentary visitation in 1648, and he retired to +Wales, where he assisted the royal cause with his greatest exertions, and +consequently exposed himself to the persecutions of the parliamentary +party. He was a very great benefactor to his college, and considerably +increased its revenues, and he obtained besides for it a valuable +library. He died in May, 1665. + +_Henry Maurice_, D.D., an eminently learned and talented divine, was born +in 1648, at Llangristiolus, in Anglesea. He was sent to Jesus College, +Oxford, in his sixteenth year, where his abilities and great merit +recommended him to the notice of the principal, Sir Leoline Jenkins, who +made him a scholar of the college, and afterwards fellow. When Sir +Leoline was sent on an embassy to Cologne, he appointed Mr. Maurice to be +his chaplain, in which station he gave the greatest satisfaction by his +diligent attention to his duties; and on his return to England, he became +acquainted with Dr. Lloyd, afterwards bishop of St. Asaph, who +recommended him to Archbishop Sancroft, and he was appointed his +chaplain, and soon after rector of Newington, and prebendary of +Chichester. He published some treatises against popery; and in 1691 he +was elected Lady Margaret’s professor of divinity in Oxford. He died +suddenly in 1693, at Newington. It was observed when Dr. Maurice was +appointed chaplain to the Archbishop, that several of the highest offices +in church and state had been filled by Welshmen. Dr. Dolben was +Archbishop of York, Dr. Lloyd Bishop of St. Asaph, Sir George Jefferies +Lord Chancellor, Sir Leoline Jenkins Secretary of State, Sir Thomas Jones +Lord Chief Justice, Sir John Trevor Master of the Rolls, and Sir William +Williams Speaker of the House of Commons. + +_Thomas Maurice_, the celebrated orientalist, was a member of a +respectable Welsh family. On the death of his father, who had been a +master in Christ’s Hospital for twenty-six years, Thomas, the eldest of +six children, was admitted on the foundation there, but he was afterwards +removed to various seminaries in the country for the benefit of his +health; the last of which was the celebrated one of Dr. Parr’s, at +Stanmore-hill. At the age of nineteen he was entered at St. John’s +College, Oxford, whence he subsequently removed to University College, +and here he commenced author at an early period, by publishing a +translation of “Sophaclis Ædipus Tyrannus,” which gained him great +credit; this was soon followed by some other pieces of verse and prose. +On taking orders, he obtained the curacy of Woodford, in Essex, and +afterwards he purchased a chaplaincy in the ninety-seventh regiment. In +1783 he commenced the arduous undertaking of his “History of India,” the +various volumes of which appeared successively at different times—the +last in 1804. He was presented by Earl Spencer to the vicarage of +Wormleighton, in Warwickshire, in 1799; and the appointment of assistant +librarian to the British Museum was also bestowed upon him; and in 1804 +he was presented to the living of Cudham, Kent, by the Lord Chancellor. +He died at his rooms in the Museum, March 30th, 1824. Besides his great +works on India, he was the author of numerous poems, dissertations, and +other miscellanies, all of which ranked him high as a literary character. + +_Rowland Meyrick_, L.L.D., was born at Bodorgan, in Anglesea, in 1505. +He was educated at Oxford, where he subsequently became principal of +New-Inn Hall; and after holding various preferments, he was advanced to +the bishopric of Bangor in 1559, where he died in 1565. + +_Sir Hugh Middleton_, well known as the maker of the New River, London, +was the son of Richard Middleton, Esq., governor of Denbigh Castle, under +Edward the Sixth, Mary, and Elizabeth. Having settled in London as a +goldsmith, he made several successful speculations in some mines in +Cardiganshire, and became an alderman. Observing the scarcity of good +water in London, he took entirely upon himself to supply the metropolis +with a stream of pure water; for the corporation, with all its wealth, +conceiving the undertaking to be too difficult, refused to have any share +in it. He, however, patriotically persevered; and after almost the ruin +of his own fortune, he succeeded in obtaining assistance from the King +for a share, and it was completed. The water was let in before an +immense concourse on Michaelmas-day, in 1613. He was knighted, and in +1622 he was created a baronet. His death took place in 1631. + +_Robert Morgan_, D.D., was born at Llandysilio, Montgomeryshire, in 1608. +He was entered at Jesus College, and thence he removed to St. John’s +College, Cambridge, where he graduated. Having taken orders, he became +chaplain to Bishop Dolben, who preferred him, in 1632, to the vicarage of +Llanwnog, Montgomeryshire, and rectory of Llangynhaval. He was +afterwards prebendary of Chester, vicar of Llanvair, Denbighshire, and +rector of Trevdraeth, and Llandyvnan, in Anglesea; out of all which he +was ejected during the usurpation of Cromwell, during which he was a +great sufferer for his loyalty. In 1660 he was restored to his +benefices, and was promoted to the archdeaconry of Meirioneth; and in +1666 he was raised to the bishopric of Bangor. He died in 1673, and was +buried in his cathedral, which had been greatly improved at his cost. + +_William Morgan_, D.D., the first translator of the Bible into the Welsh +language, was born at Penmachno, Caernarvonshire, and was educated at St. +John’s College, Cambridge. He was vicar of Welsh-pool, in +Montgomeryshire, and obtained other preferment. Having occasion to go to +London to see Archbishop Whitgift, his grace conceived a high opinion of +his abilities, and appointed him his chaplain. At the Archbishop’s +desire, he undertook a translation of the Bible into Welsh, which was +published in 1588, black letter, folio. The New Testament was only +corrected by him from a translation by William Salusbury, a Denbighshire +gentleman, who first published the Epistles and Gospels for the whole +year, in Edward the Sixth’s time. Queen Elizabeth rewarded Dr. Morgan +with the bishopric of Llandaff, in 1595, and he was translated to the see +of St. Asaph in 1601. He died in 1604. + +_Hugh Morris_, one of the first of Welsh poets, was born at +Pont-y-Meibion, in Denbighshire, in the year 1622. Being a younger son, +he was apprenticed by his father, who was a respectable freeholder, to a +tanner in Flintshire. He did not carry on his trade, but lived a life of +retirement in the cultivation of his talent for poetry, of which he has +left us splendid memorial. The productions of his pen are numerous; and +these valuable poems have been patriotically collected and published by +an eminent Welsh scholar and divine, in two volumes. Hugh Morris, on the +breaking out of the civil war, was a stanch friend to royalty, and he +exerted all the powers of his pen in its support, and there is no doubt +but that his writings had great influence over the minds of the common +people, ever attached to poetry. His satirical poems, where he lashes +the religious cant and vile hypocrisy of the times, are unequalled for +the keen wit and cutting irony, which he handles in so masterly a manner. +He was universally esteemed for his great abilities and excellent +character, and always exercised his influence in behalf of justice and +benevolence, and in the furtherance of religion. He died at the place of +his birth in 1709, in the eighty-seventh year of his age. + +_Lewis Morris_, an eminent poet and antiquary, was born in the Isle of +Anglesea in the year 1702. In his youth he received but a slender +education; but, however, he and three other brothers, through +self-instruction, and cultivation of their natural talent, became eminent +characters in various branches of knowledge and science. He was chiefly +employed in the service of government; and in 1737 he was appointed by +the admiralty to survey the coast of Wales, which he accomplished with +great satisfaction, and an account of it was published in 1748. At the +same period he had the appointment of the surveyorship of the crown lands +in Wales, and in 1750 he had the additional offices of superintendent and +agent of the King’s mines in the principality. He was a very good poet +in his native language, and several of his productions have been +published. As an antiquary he was eminently skilful, and it is greatly +to be lamented that a valuable work entitled “Celtic Remains,” which he +left in manuscript, has never been sent to the press, as his acute and +learned remarks would be a great addition to illustrate our national +antiquities. He collected about eighty volumes of Welsh manuscripts, +which are now deposited in the Welsh School Library, in London. He died +in 1765, in Cardiganshire. + +_Goronwy Owen_, A.M., was born about the year 1722, at Llanvair Mathavarn +Eithav, in Anglesea. His parents being in a humble condition, were not +able to bestow upon him a proper education in his youth, but his great +abilities and industry overcame every obstacle. He was at a respectable +seminary at Pwllheli, where he became second master, and from thence he +removed to Oxford. He was ordained deacon in 1745, and for a short time +he held the curacy of his native parish, where he enjoyed great happiness +among his friends and early acquaintances. He was obliged to resign +this, to make room for a friend of the bishop’s chaplain, who had +appointed him to it, and this took place with the bishop’s sanction. He +next removed to the neighbourhood of Oswestry, and soon after he was +appointed curate of Oswestry. In the year 1748, he became curate of +Donington, in Shropshire, where he kept also a school in order to add to +his small income, and support an increasing family. Here he composed +“Cowydd y Varn,” one of his most celebrated pieces; and what portion of +time he could spare from the drudgery of school-keeping, he spent in the +study of Hebrew, Arabic, Syriac, and Chaldee. In 1733 he removed to the +curacy of Watton, in Lancashire. His great desire was to obtain even the +smallest preferment in any part of his native country, but he was +disappointed and neglected; and in 1755 he resigned his curacy and went +to London, where his countrymen had an intention of building a Welsh +church, and to which he was to be appointed minister. When this plan did +not succeed, he became curate of Northold, where he remained two years, +when an offer was made to him of preferment in America; and by the +assistance of the Cymmrodorion in London, he crossed the Atlantic, to St. +Andrew’s, in Virginia; here he settled for some time, but afterwards +removed to New Brunswick, and from thence to Williamsburg. The time of +his death is not well known. This talented man was one of the greatest +poets that ever appeared among the Welsh, and his poetical works were +printed, with other productions, in a volume, under the title of +“Diddanwch Teuluaidd.” + +_Henry Owen_, an eminent divine and philologist, was the son of a +gentleman of fortune, in Merionethshire, where he was born, at Tanygader, +in 1716. He was educated at Ruthin Grammar school, from whence he +removed to Jesus College, Oxford. He originally intended to practise +physic, but entered into orders, and after various preferment, he became +rector of St. Olave, Hart-street, London, and vicar of Edmonton, +Middlesex. His numerous works consist chiefly of theological subjects, +and he edited “Xenophon’s Memorabilia,” “Critical Disquisitions,” and +“Critica Sacra, or Hebrew Criticism.” He also furnished several papers +to the “Archaiologia.” His death took place in 1795. + +_John Owen_, the celebrated epigrammatist, was a native of +Caernarvonshire. He was educated at Winchester School, and New College, +Oxford, where he graduated L.L.D., and became a fellow. He afterwards +held the mastership of a grammar-school, near Monmouth, whence he removed +to a similar situation in Warwick. While here, he distinguished himself +by his skill in Latin poetry, and more particularly epigrams. This +talent, however, did great harm, for he was struck out of the will of a +rich uncle for his satirical epigrams on the church of Rome. He died in +1622, and he was buried in St. Paul’s Cathedral, at the expense of +Archbishop Williams, by whom he was supported in the latter part of his +life. His epigrams have been several times reprinted, both in England, +and on the Continent; they are justly admired for their wit and purity of +language. + +_John Owen_, D.D., the most eminent of Nonconformist divines in this +country, was descended of a respectable family in North Wales, though +born at Stadham, in Oxfordshire, in 1616, of which place his father, a +native of Wales, was vicar. He was educated at Queen’s College, Oxford, +where he was supported by a rich uncle, living in North Wales; but who, +being a royalist, was offended at his nephew’s principles, and died +without leaving him anything. On the breaking out of the civil war, he +sided with the parliament, and became a Presbyterian in his religious +opinions; and his display of Arminianism, which was published in 1642, so +recommended him to the prevailing party, that he was presented to the +living of Fordham, in Essex, and subsequently by the Earl of Warwick, at +the request of the parishioners, to that of Coggeshall, in the same +county. Having now acquired great celebrity, and become acquainted with +General Fairfax during the seige of Colchester, he was appointed to +preach at Whitehall the day after the execution of Charles the First. He +soon after became a favourite with Cromwell, whom he accompanied on his +expeditions to Ireland and Scotland; and in 1651 he was appointed to the +deanery of Christ Church, Oxford, on which appointment he received his +doctor’s degree, and in 1652, Cromwell being chancellor, Owen was made +his vice-chancellor, which office he held for five years. On the death +of his patron, the Protector, he was deprived of his office and deanery, +through the influence of the Presbyterian party, whom he had offended by +adopting the Independent mode of worship, which he thought more +conformable to the New Testament; and he published his reasons for +thinking so, in two volumes, quarto. On the Restoration, his merit was +so highly appreciated, that Lord Clarendon offered him immediate +preferment if he would conform, which he respectfully declined. This +eminent man died at Ealing, Middlesex, in 1683. His works, which are of +high Calvinistic principles, are very numerous, amounting to seven folio, +twenty quarto, and thirty octavo volumes. + +_John Owens_, D.D., was the son of Owen Owens, of Bodsilin, in +Caernarvonshire, the last archdeacon of Anglesea. He was born at Burton +Latimers, Northamptonshire, where his father was rector, and was educated +at Jesus College, Cambridge, of which he became a fellow, and succeeded +to his father’s living in 1618. He was appointed chaplain to Charles the +First, when he was Prince of Wales, who, on the supposition that he was a +Welshman, which he was in every respect excepting the place of his +nativity, preferred him to the bishopric of St. Asaph in 1629. This +excellent prelate was distinguished for his incomparable skill in the +Welsh language, and for his pious zeal in promoting the good of his +diocese. He was the first who established there preaching in Welsh, and +laid out great sums of money in new building and beautifying several +parts of his cathedral, and especially in the erection of an organ. Upon +the breaking out of the civil war, he was a great and extraordinary +sufferer; and he died near St. Asaph, 1651, and was buried under the +episcopal throne, when the church was used as a stable for horses and +oxen. He was author of “Herod and Pontius Pilate reconciled.” + +_Lewis Owen_, who distinguished himself by his writings against the +Jesuits, was born in Meirionethshire in 1572. He went abroad, and +entered the Society of Jesuits in Spain, but being disgusted at their +behaviour and principles, he withdrew from them, and made use of the +information which he had gained in exposing them in his works, which are +the “Running Register.” “Unmasking of all popish priests,” &c., and +“Speculum Jesuiticum,” which abound in details to their disadvantage. He +died in 1631. + +_Morgan Owen_, D.D., was a native of South Wales, and was educated at +Oxford, where he graduated. Having taken orders, he obtained various +preferment, and in 1640 he was installed bishop of Llandaff. On the +breaking out of the civil war, he retired to Glasallt, Caermarthenshire, +and was a very great sufferer on account of his loyalty. On receiving +the news of the death of his patron, Archbishop Laud, he died suddenly +soon after he heard it, in 1645, and he was buried in the same county. + +_John Humphreys Parry_, an ingenious antiquary, and one of the most +pleasing and learned writers of the present age, was born at Mold, in +Flintshire, in 1787, and his father was rector of the neighbouring parish +of Llanverras. After an University education, he became a member of the +Temple in 1807, and in due time he was called to the bar in 1810. He +obtained considerable reputation in his profession, and gained great +praise by the publication of the “Cambro Briton,” in three volumes, which +appeared periodically, and the value of which was greatly enhanced by his +valuable and judicious notes; he was the author also of the “Cambrian +Plutarch,” and several prize essays. He was appointed the editor of the +transactions of the London Cymmrodorion, a volume of which appeared under +his auspices. His native country sustained a great loss by his death, +which took place in 1825, in a most melancholy manner: a drunken man +knocked him down in the street; he fell with his head against the +pavement, and was killed upon the spot, leaving a wife and five children +unprovided for. + +_Richard Parry_, D.D., was born at Ruthin, Denbighshire, in the year +1578, and was educated at Westminster School, under Camden, from whence +he was elected a student of Christ Church, Oxford; at the age of +nineteen, he became chancellor of Bangor, vicar of Gresford, and then +dean of Bangor. On the accession of James the First, who had a high +opinion of his learning, he nominated him to the bishopric of St. Asaph +in 1604. He was a prelate of great learning and piety; and he revised +the Bible which was translated by Dr. Morgan, and published a second +edition in 1620, which is now the standard of the Welsh translation of +the Bible. He founded a scholarship in Jesus College, Oxford, to be held +by one who has been educated at Ruthin School, where he was the second +who held the mastership after its foundation by Dean Goodman. He died at +Diserth, near St. Asaph, in September, 1623. + +_Thomas Pennant_, the celebrated antiquary and naturalist, was born at +Bychton, in Flintshire, in the year 1726. He studied at Queen’s College, +Oxford, and he afterwards removed to Oriel, which he left without taking +a degree. Being of an active and talented mind, he imbibed early a taste +for natural history; and the first effort of his pen appeared in an +account of an earthquake which was felt at Downing, and it was published +in the “Philosophical Transactions.” In 1754 he was elected a fellow of +the Antiquarian Society, and in 1757, at the instance of the great +Linnæus, he was also elected fellow of the Royal Society at Upsal. He +published the first edition of his “British Zoology” in 1761. He soon +after visited the Continent, where he became intimate with Buffon, +Pallas, and several other distinguished naturalists. In 1768 a new +edition of the British Zoology appeared, and it was successively followed +by his other works on Natural History, and “Tours in Scotland and Wales.” +In 1790 was published his “Account of London,” which was received with +great avidity, and rapidly passed through several editions. His works +are very numerous, and will ever remain a lasting proof of his splendid +talents, both as an accurate observer of nature, and diligent antiquary. +Several of his works were translated into German, and other Continental +languages; and he was frequently consulted by the great naturalists of +his time, and his opinions recorded in their publications. His accounts +have always been looked upon as most authentic; and he holds the first +rank as a writer from the popular and interesting style of his narrative, +and his incomparable skill in the selection of subjects for illustration. +He may be esteemed as one of the greatest patrons of the art of +engraving, for upwards of one thousand plates were used in the +embellishment of his works. He ended an active and useful life at the +family seat of Downing, near Holywell, in December, 1798. + +_Sir Thomas Picton_, a British general, was born at Poyston, +Pembrokeshire, in 1758. Having entered the army, he served with great +reputation in the West Indies; and his skill and gallantry were +conspicuously displayed in a long service of forty-five years, both +there, and in the marshes of Holland, and in the peninsula of Spain and +Portugal. On the morning of the battle of Waterloo, he fell gloriously +leading his division to a charge of bayonets, by which one of the most +serious attacks made by the enemy was defeated. After his death a wound +was discovered, which he had received two days before, and which he +heroically concealed, having dressed it himself only with a piece of torn +handkerchief. He died greatly lamented, and his meritorious life was +distinguished for his zeal in the service of his country. + +_Henry Parry_ was born in Flintshire. He was educated at Gloucester +Hall, Oxford, where he took his degrees in arts, and his degree of B.D., +at Jesus College, in 1597. He travelled much abroad, and on his return, +he obtained the rectory of Rhoscolyn, in Anglesea, in 1601, and in 1612 +he was installed canon of Bangor. He died in 1617. He augmented and +published a “Welsh Rhetoric, or Egluryn Fraethineb,” which was originally +written by William Salusbury, and is commended by Dr. Davies. + +_Hester Lynch Piozzi_, was the daughter of John Salusbury, of Bodvel, in +Caernarvonshire. She was a distinguished authoress, and well known as a +friend of Johnson, who made a Tour in Wales on a visit to her. She was +first married, in 1763, to Mr. Thrale, member of parliament for +Southwark, and after his death, she became the wife of Signor Piozzi, a +Florentine. Her works are rather numerous, but the best known perhaps +are her “Anecdotes of Johnson,” with whom she was a great favourite until +her second marriage. She died a widow, at Clifton, in 1821, at a very +advanced age. + +_David Powel_, D.D., was a native of Denbighshire. In 1568 he was sent +to be educated at Oxford, and after the erection of Jesus College, in +1571, he removed thither, and having proceeded through his bachelor’s +degree, he graduated M.A. in 1576. Having taken orders, he obtained the +livings of Rhiwabon and Llanvyllin, and became a prebendary of St. Asaph; +in 1584 he was appointed chaplain to Sir Henry Sidney, then president of +Wales. His first work, “Caradog’s History of Wales,” quarto, appeared in +1584, which had been partly translated from the Welsh by Humphrey Llwyd, +and was finished by Powel, who illustrated it with annotations. This was +followed in the following year by “Pontici Virunii Historia Britannica,” +octavo. He was also author of “De Britannica Historia recte intelligenda +Epistola ad Gul. Fleetwood, Civ. Lond. Recordatorem.” He is said to have +undertaken the compilation of a Welsh Dictionary, but he died before it +was completed, which event took place in 1598. + +_John Price_ was born of Welsh parents in London, in the year 1600. He +was educated at Westminster School, and Christ Church, Oxford, whence he +removed to Florence, having become a Catholic, and he was there admitted +doctor of civil law. He held the appointment of keeper of the ducal +cabinet of medals and antiquities, and subsequently he became professor +of Greek at Pisa. He was a very ingenious and learned critic, as his +“Commentaries on the New Testament” and “Notes on Apuleius” testify. He +died at a convent, in Rome, in the year 1676. + +_Richard Price_, D.D., was a native of Glamorganshire, and was born at +Llangunnor in 1723. He was educated at Talgarth, and afterwards removed +to a Presbyterian academy in London. He became pastor of a congregation +at Hackney; and in 1769 he was complimented with the diploma of doctor in +divinity by the University of Glasgow. He was the author of several +mathematical, statistical, and political works; and for one of them he +was presented with a gold snuff-box, containing a vote of thanks by the +corporation of London. He was also fellow of the Royal Society, in whose +Transactions he wrote several papers. He died in 1791. + +_Sir John Price_, L.L.D., was a native of Breconshire. He was a learned +and ingenious antiquary, and was author of “Historiæ Britannicæ +Defensio,” quarto, which was written in answer to Polydore Virgil, and +was published after his death by his son, in 1573. He was one of the +King’s council in the court of the marches, and was one of the +commissioners employed by Henry the Eighth, to survey the monasteries +that were to be dissolved. He died in 1553. + +_Robert Price_, D.D., an eminent prelate, was the son of Colonel Price, +of Rhiwlas, in Meirionethshire, where he was born. He was educated at +Christ Church, Oxford, and after taking orders, was for some time vicar +of Towyn, in Meirionethshire, and afterwards chancellor of the diocese of +Bangor. He was promoted to the bishopric of Ferns, in Ireland; and on +the death of Bishop Roberts, in 1665, he was nominated to succeed him in +the see of Bangor; but his death took place before his election was +completed, and he was buried in the cathedral church of St. Patrick, +Dublin. + +_Rees Prichard_, the celebrated author of “Canwyll y Cymry,” was born at +Llanymddyvri, Caermarthenshire. At the age of eighteen, he was entered +at Jesus College, Oxford, in 1597, and graduated B.A. in 1602, and +obtained the vicarage of his own parish. In 1613 he was instituted to +the rectory of Llanedy, in the diocese of St. David’s; and he was +chaplain to the Earl of Essex. In the following year he was made +prebendary of the collegiate church of Brecon, and in 1626 chancellor of +St. David’s. As long as the Welsh language endures, will the memory of +Prichard be kept with gratitude; and few productions ever caused such a +profitable and rapid change in improving the morals of his countrymen. +He died in 1644. + +_Edmund Prys_, M.A., a distinguished Welsh poet, was born in the year +1541. After an academical education, he entered the church, and in 1572 +he was made rector of Festiniog, and in 1576 archdeacon of Meirioneth. +In 1602 he obtained a canonry in St. Asaph. He was a very learned man, +and particularly distinguished himself by an elegant metrical version of +the Psalms, which is still in use. There are also extant fifty-four +controversial poems between the Archdeacon and a contemporary Bard, +William Cynwal, both holding a high rank in the first class of the Welsh +poets of that age. It is also said that Cynwal fell a victim to the +poignancy of the Archdeacon’s satire. The last poem of the fifty-four is +a most pathetic elegy, composed by Prys when the news of his rival’s +death reached him; he was also an elegant Latin poet, and a specimen of +his talent is prefixed to Dr. Davies’s Welsh and Latin Grammar. He died +at Maentwrog about the year 1622. + +_Abraham Rees_, D.D., the author of the well known Cyclopædia, which +bears his name, was born at Montgomery, in 1743. His father being a +Dissenting minister, placed him first under Dr. Jenkins, of Caermarthen, +and subsequently at the Hoxton Academy, where his brilliant talents and +rapid progress procured his being appointed at an early age mathematical +tutor to the institution, and afterwards resident tutor, which place he +retained for twenty-two years. He then removed, and became resident +tutor of the Natural Sciences at the Dissenting Academy at Hackney, in +1786. He was minister of a Dissenting congregation in St. Thomas’s, +Southwark, and in the Old Jewry. He was a fellow of the Royal and +Linnean Societies, and he obtained his doctor’s degree in Edinburgh, at +the express recommendation of the illustrious Robertson, the historian. +He was author of some other works, besides the valuable and learned +“Cyclopædia.” He died in June, 1825, in his eighty-second year. + +_John Davydd Rhys_, M.D., an eminent grammarian, was born in the Isle of +Anglesea, in 1534. He was educated at Christ Church, Oxford, and entered +the medical profession; he removed to Sienna, where he took his doctor’s +degree. While there, he greatly distinguished himself by his skill in +the Italian language, the fruits of which are “De Italicæ linguæ +pronunciatione,” which was printed in Padua, and “Rules for obtaining the +Latin tongue,” printed at Venice, in Italian. His valuable “Welsh +Grammar” was published in 1592, folio. His death took place in the year +1609. + +_Peter Roberts_, an eminent divine, and writer on British history, was +born at Rhiwabon, Denbighshire, in 1760. He was educated at the +Grammar-school of St. Asaph, and removed thence to Trinity College, +Dublin, where his abilities soon became conspicuous. He applied himself +to the study of astronomy and the oriental languages; and at one time it +was supposed that he would have succeeded Dr. Usher, as professor of +astronomy in that University. He became afterwards private tutor to +several noblemen and gentlemen of rank; and in 1800, was published, his +“Harmony of the Epistles,” a work of exceedingly high character and +labour, which the University of Cambridge printed at their own expense. +Having been presented to the living of Llanarmon, he dedicated his +leisure time to the elucidation of the antiquities of his native country. +The fruits of his labours in this department are well known—“Collectanea +Cambrica,” “Early History of the Cymry,” and “Cambrian Popular +Antiquities.” He was presented also with the living of Madely, in +Shropshire, by Lord Crew. The living of Llanarmon he subsequently +exchanged for the rectory of Halkin, Flintshire, where he died in 1819. +As an excellent critic in his native language, and equally so in Hebrew +and Rabbinical learning, his works are a sufficient proof; and his +“Letters to Volney” show to advantage the depth of his reasoning powers +and scientific acquirements. + +_William Roberts_, D.D., was a native of Denbighshire, where he was born +in 1585. He was educated at Queen’s College, Cambridge, where he became +fellow, and subsequently sub-dean of Wells, and rector of Llandyrnog. He +was made bishop of Bangor in 1637. During the great rebellion he +suffered much for his loyalty, and was deprived of all his benefices, and +all the church lands were sequestered; but, however, he was restored to +all in 1660. He was a great benefactor to his cathedral, in which he +erected an organ, and bequeathed money for beautifying it. He founded an +exhibition for a scholar from the diocese of Bangor, in Queen’s College, +Cambridge, and a similar one in Jesus College, Oxford. He left also +200_l._ to be distributed among two parishes in the suburbs of London, +which were visited by the plague. He died near Denbigh, in the year +1665. + +_Nicholas Robinson_ was a native of Aberconwy, in Caernarvonshire, and +was educated at Queen’s College, Cambridge, where he obtained a +fellowship, and was appointed chaplain to Parker, Archbishop of +Canterbury. He was made dean of Bangor in 1556, and obtained the +sinecure rectory of Northop, in Flintshire, in 1562, and he was likewise +archdeacon of Meirioneth. In 1566 he was raised to the bishopric of +Bangor; and he held the living of Whitney, in Oxfordshire, in commendam. +He died in 1585. + +_Henry Rowlands_, D.D., was born in Mellteyrn, in Caernarvonshire, in +1551, and was educated at New College, Oxford. He obtained the rectory +of his native parish in 1572, and subsequently of Launton, in +Oxfordshire. He was advanced to the deanery of Bangor in 1593, and was +consecrated bishop of the same diocese in 1598. He was a most munificent +benefactor to his cathedral, and bestowed great sums in improving and +adorning it. He also founded two fellowships in Jesus College, Oxford; +and bequeathed money for the foundation of a school in his native place. +He died in 1616. + +_Henry Rowlands_, B.A., the author of the valuable and learned work +entitled “Mona Antiqua Restaurata,” was a native of the Isle of Anglesea. +Having taken orders, he became vicar of Llanidan. He devoted his leisure +time to the examination of the antiquities which abound in his native +island; and his researches afford important information concerning the +language and manners of the Cymmry. He endeavours to prove that Môn was +the metropolitan seat of the Druids; and his work first appeared in 1723, +and a second edition was published in London, in 1766. He died in 1722. + +_Grufydd Roberts_, a learned grammarian, distinguished himself by the +publication of a valuable “Welsh Grammar,” which was printed at Milan, in +1567. Nothing is known of his history, besides that he was educated at +Sienna, in Italy, under the patronage of William Herbert, Earl of +Pembroke. + +_William Salusbury_, an eminent antiquary, was a native of Denbighshire, +where he was born in the reign of Queen Elizabeth. He was educated at +Oxford, and entered the profession of the law. He assisted in +translating the New Testament into Welsh, and he published also a Welsh +version of the “Epistles and Gospels,” besides a “Dictionary,” and a +“Treatise on Rhetoric.” He died in 1570. + +_George Stepney_, whose parents were of old families in Pembrokeshire, +was born in 1663. Having been entered on the foundation of Westminster +School, he removed in due time to Trinity College, Cambridge, and while +there, he acquired the friendship of Mr. Montague, afterwards Earl of +Halifax, and through his patronage he was employed by government on +several important and confidential missions to the courts of +Brandenburgh, Vienna, Dresden, Mentz, and Cologne, and to the congress of +Frankfort. He was again employed on an embassy to Holland in 1706; and +after completing it successfully, he returned to England in the following +year, and a few months after he died in Chelsea, and was buried in +Westminster Abbey. He was a very ingenious poet, and ranked high as a +political writer; several of his works obtained for him great credit. + +_Charles Symmons_, D.D., was born in Caerdigan, in the year 1749, which +borough was represented by his father in three successive parliaments. +He was educated at Westminster School, and the University of Glasgow, +whence he subsequently removed to Clare Hall, Cambridge, and in 1776 he +took the degree of bachelor of divinity at that University. Having given +offence by declaring some Whiggish principles in a sermon, which +destroyed all his prospects of promotion, and fearing some obstacles when +he proceeded to his doctor’s degree, he removed to Jesus College, Oxford, +where he took it in 1794. He was presented to the living of Narberth and +Lanpeter. As an author, the greater portion of his works consisted of +poetry, and he published “Milton’s prose works, with a Biographical +Memoir.” He died at Bath, in 1826. + +_William Thomas_ was born in Wales, and was educated at Oxford, where he +took the degree of bachelor of canon law in 1529. Being obliged for some +cause to leave the kingdom, he travelled in Italy; and on his return to +England, he published a “History” of that country, in 1549, quarto. He +was appointed clerk of the council to King Edward the Sixth, who bestowed +upon him, though a layman, a prebend in St. Paul’s Cathedral, and a +living in Wales. On the accession of Queen Mary, he was deprived of his +office and benefices, which treatment is supposed to have instigated him +to join in the rebellion of Sir Thomas Wyatt, for which he was arrested, +and being convicted, was executed at Tyburn. He was also author of +several less important works. + +_William Thomas_, D.D., was a native of South Wales, where he was born in +1613. He was educated at Jesus College, Oxford, where he proceeded +through his degrees. Having taken orders, he became vicar of Penbryn, in +the time of the great rebellion. On the Restoration, he was appointed +precentor of St. David’s, and rector of Llanbedr, in Pembrokeshire, and +subsequently dean of Worcester. He was consecrated bishop of St. David’s +in 1677, and in 1683 he was translated to Worcester, where he died in +1689. + +_Josiah Tucker_, D.D., an eminent political writer, was the son of a +Welsh gentleman of property, and was born in 1711. He was educated at +St. John’s College, Oxford, and entered into holy orders, being appointed +to the curacy of All Saints, Bristol; he afterwards became chaplain to +Dr. Butler, bishop of that diocese, by whom he was appointed to the +rectory of St. Stephen’s, in the same city. He was author of numerous +political and controversial essays, some sermons, and a multitude of +treatises, and publications on commerce and religion. He obtained a +prebend in Bristol Cathedral, and the deanery of Gloucester, in 1758. He +died of an attack of paralysis at the advanced age of eighty-eight, in +the year 1799. + +_William Tyndale_, the first translator of the Holy Scriptures into the +English language, was born in Wales, in 1500, and after a learned +education, he was entered at Magdalen Hall, Oxford; he was afterwards a +canon of Wolsey’s New College of Christ’s Church, whence he was ejected +on account of his religious principles, which were liberal, and according +with the doctrines of Luther, who began to flourish at that time. He +took a degree in Cambridge, whither he had removed from Oxford; but his +opinions becoming known, rendered him obnoxious to some of the +dignitaries, and being reprimanded, he thought it prudent to retire to +the Continent, in order to publish his translation of the Testament, +which appeared in 1526, and was printed at Antwerp. He commenced +afterwards the translation of the Pentateuch, and some other books of the +Old Testament; but his first publication, of which a second edition was +widely diffused over England, caused him to be marked as a victim to +Popish bigotry. Henry the Eighth employed a man to betray him to the +Emperor, and by his decree he was burnt as a heretic at Augsburgh in +1536. He was author of some other works; and his Testament hath by many +eminent divines been declared never to have been surpassed in clearness, +and noble simplicity of style. + +_Henry Vaughan_, commonly known by his assumed name of the Silurist, was +born at Newton, in Brecknockshire, in the year 1621. He received his +academical education at Jesus College, Oxford, and afterwards settled in +his native country, where he practised medicine, although he does not +appear to have taken any degree in arts or medicine at the University. +His writings consist of a poem entitled “The Mount of Olives,” “Thalia +Rediviva,” “Olor Iscanus,” and “Silex Scintillans, or The Bleeding +Heart.” He died in 1695, in the seventy-fourth year of his age. + +_Thomas Vaughan_ was the brother of the above (Henry), and a fellow of +Jesus College. He was a man of great natural abilities as well as +learning; he was chiefly known from some curious “Treatises on Alchymy +and Judicial Astrology,” to which, although a clergyman, he seems to have +been devoted. According to Wood’s Athenæ Oxonenses, he had sense enough +not to publish them in his in own name, but under the assumed name of +Eugenius Philalethes; they are, however, now forgotten. He died rector +of St. Bridget’s, Brecknockshire. + +_Sir John Vaughan_, an eminent and learned chief justice of Common Pleas, +was born in Caerdiganshire, in 1608. He was educated at Worcester +School, whence he removed to Christ Church, Oxford, and subsequently to +the Inner Temple. During the civil wars he lived in retirement; but +after the Restoration he was elected member of parliament for the county +of Caerdigan, and in 1668 made chief justice of the Court of Common +Pleas. His death took place in 1674. Sir John Vaughan’s “Reports and +Arguments” in the Common Pleas are all special cases, and ably reported. +They were first printed in 1677, and again by his son, Edward Vaughan, in +1706. + +_Richard Vaughan_, D.D., an eminent and learned prelate, was born in +Caernarvonshire, and received his academical education at St. John’s +College, Cambridge, where he graduated. Having entered the church, he +became archdeacon of Middlesex, and obtained also a canonry in Wells +Cathedral, and in 1595 he was raised to the bishopric of Bangor. Two +years after, he was translated to the see of Chester, and thence to +London, where he died in 1607. + +_Robert Vaughan_, a distinguished and learned antiquary, was a member of +a very ancient family in Meirionethshire, and was born at the family seat +of Hengwrt, in that county. From all his ample materials, he only +published a small tract entitled “British Antiquities Revived.” He +formed a noble and invaluable collection of Welsh manuscripts, which +still remain at Hengwrt. He died in 1667. + +_William Vaughan_, an ingenious Welsh poet, was a member of a very +ancient and illustrious family, who have lived for several centuries +successively at Golden Grove, in Caermarthenshire. He was born in 1577, +and having gone through the usual course of academical education at Jesus +College, Oxford, took the degree of L.L.D. in that University. He was +the author of a variety of miscellaneous poems, the principal of which +are a metrical version of the “Psalms and Solomon’s Song,” “The Golden +Grove Moralized,” &c. Previously to his decease, he went to +Newfoundland, where he died in 1640. + +_John Walters_, M.A., an eminent Welsh philologist and divine, was the +author of a valuable “English and Welsh Dictionary,” which was published +in quarto, in 1794. It has since gone through two other editions, and he +wrote a learned “Dissertation on the Welsh Language,” printed in 1771, +besides some sermons. He was rector of Llandochan, in Glamorgan, and +died in the year 1797. + +_Daniel Williams_, an eminent theological writer, and Presbyterian +divine, was a native of Wrexham, in Denbighshire, where he was born in +1644. Not having received an education in his earlier youth, he made up +the deficiency by his unwearied diligence and application; and devoting +himself to the study of divinity, he was, at the age of nineteen, +ordained a preacher among the Presbyterians. After officiating in +various parts in England, he went to Ireland as chaplain to the Countess +of Meath, and presided over a congregation in Dublin, where he continued +for twenty years; and married a lady of an honourable family, and a +considerable estate. He subsequently removed to London, where he was +chosen minister of a congregation of Presbyterians in Bishopsgate-street; +and in 1701, having become a widower, he married a second wife, who +survived him. His learning and piety being held in great esteem, he was +honoured with the diploma of D.D. by the Universities of Edinburgh and +Glasgow; and he bequeathed estates for the support of six Presbyterian +students in the latter. His library, together with a sum of money for +its increase, was left by him, with the liberal view of founding a public +library in London, and which led to the establishment of the celebrated +Red cross street Institution, which was opened in 1729. He died in 1716, +and left numerous legacies for charitable purposes. His works were +published in six volumes, octavo. + +_David Williams_, a learned and ingenious writer, was born in +Cardiganshire. Having been educated at a Dissenting Academy, he was +appointed minister of a congregation at Frome, Somersetshire, and +afterwards at Exeter, then at Highgate, near London. While in the +metropolis, he distinguished himself by numerous publications on +education and morality. He left his ministerial office among the +Dissenters, and becoming sceptical with regard to the Christian religion, +he opened in 1776, a chapel for the celebration of public worship, on the +principles of natural religion, in Margaret-street, Cavendish-square. +The novelty of the institution at first attracted the curiosity of the +public, but it was finally closed, and the lecturer turned his attention +to private tuition. He has obtained great and deserved reputation as +being the founder of the Literary Fund. He died in June, 1816. Among +his numerous works, several of which have been translated into German, is +a valuable “History of Monmouthshire,” in two volumes, quarto. + +_Edward Williams_, whose bardic appellation was Iolo Morganwg, was a +native of Glamorganshire, where he was born in March, 1745. His father +being a stone-mason, brought him up to the same trade; but even in his +early youth he was remarkable for avoiding all diversions with boys of +his own age, and was pensive and thoughtful, eager in receiving the +instructions of an excellent mother, who grounded him well in the English +language. In 1770, on the death of his mother, he left Wales, and +travelled over several counties in England, in the exercise of his +calling, and studying architecture and other sciences connected with it. +He resided for several years in London, Bristol, and other towns, and +returned to Wales, where he married in 1781. His first productions were +Welsh poetry, and he was a man of wonderful abilities as a Welsh and +English poet, and a skilful antiquary; he wrote English with great ease +and elegance. In 1794 he published two volumes of English poetry, which +consist of original compositions, and translations from the Welsh, and in +conjunction with Dr. Pughe and Mr Owain Jones, edited the “Myvyrian +Archaiology.” He has left several valuable works in manuscript, +especially materials for a History of Wales, which it is greatly to be +lamented was not published in his lifetime. He died on the 17th of +December, 1827, aged eighty-two. + +_Griffith Williams_ was a native of Caernarvon, in North Wales, where he +was born in the year 1589. He was educated at Jesus’ College, Cambridge, +and having taken orders, he was appointed to the lectureship of St. +Peter’s, Cheapside, but his preaching so offended the Puritans, that they +procured his suspension. He obtained a living in Wales, and became +chaplain to the King, prebendary of Westminster, and dean of Bangor. In +1641 he was created bishop of Ossory; and his death took place at +Kilkenny. He was the author of several works on divinity. + +_John Williams_, Archbishop of York, and Lord Keeper of the Great Seal, +was born at Aberconwy, in 1582. He was educated at Ruthin School, and +St. John’s College, Cambridge, where he soon distinguished himself by his +application and splendid abilities, which were rewarded with a +fellowship. He was ordained in 1609, and soon after he obtained the +rectory of Grafton, in Northamptonshire. Being appointed chaplain to +Lord Ellesmere, then Lord Chancellor, he ingratiated himself so much with +his patron by his talents, that he obtained through him rapid +preferments, and was appointed one of the royal chaplains. In 1619 he +was made dean of Salisbury, and soon after exchanged it for the deanery +of Westminster; in a short time he was appointed lord keeper, and +immediately afterwards he was raised to the bishopric of Lincoln. He +retained great influence at court during the reign of James the First, +and was the chief cause of the promotion of Laud to the episcopal bench, +who, however, ungratefully joined in various persecutions to which the +Archbishop was subjected for several years; but his worth and excellent +character prevailed: he was restored to favour, and in 1641 he was raised +to the archiepiscopal see of York. During the civil war, he fortified +Conwy Castle for the King’s use; but after a seige, being surprised, he +was compelled to give it up on honourable terms to the parliamentary +troops. He died at Gloddaeth, near Conwy, on his birth-day, in 1650. He +was the author of several theological works, and an interesting “History +of his Life” was published by Bishop Hacket, who had been his chaplain; +and a more condensed biography subsequently by Stephens, and also by +Phillips. + +_John Williams_, L.L.D., was born at Llanbedr-pont Stephen in 1727. He +was educated at the Grammar School of the same town, where he acquired a +competent knowledge of the classics; being strongly inclined to the +ministry, he was entered at the age of nineteen at a Dissenting Academy, +in Caermarthen, where he went through the usual studies to be qualified +for the office of a minister. In 1752 he went to Stamford, Lincolnshire, +at the unanimous request of a congregation of Protestant Dissenters, and +in 1755 he removed to a similar situation in Berkshire. Here he +completed his “Concordance to the Greek New Testament,” and afterwards he +removed to Sydenham, where he officiated for the long period of +twenty-eight years. In 1777 he was chosen the curator of Redcross-street +Library; and the lease of his chapel expiring, he retired to Islington, +where he remained until his death, which took place in 1798. In his +character, both public and private, he was esteemed for the conscientious +discharge of his duty as a Christian minister, and for his literary +acquirements. He published several works on theology and other subjects, +which are of great merit, and enriched with valuable information. + +_Roger Williams_ was a native of Wales, where he was born in the year +1599. He was entered for the church, and was accordingly educated for +it; but adopting puritanical principles, he emigrated to North America, +where he founded the town of Providence. He distinguished himself by his +zeal for the conversion of the Indians to Christianity, of whose language +he published a very useful “Manual and Glossary,” which has been +frequently reprinted. His colony thrived rapidly, as he was decidedly +opposed to all restraint in religion, and granted to all who settled +there free liberty of conscience. He died in 1683. + +_Thomas Williams_ was a native of Caernarvonshire, and received an +University education at Oxford. He practised as a physician at Trevriw, +near Llanrwst, and he wrote a “Welsh and Latin,” and “Latin and Welsh +Dictionary,” which he left in manuscript; and it was subsequently +published in 1632, with many additions and corrections by Dr. John +Davies. He made a good collection of pedigrees, which he entitled “Priv +achau holl Gymru Benbaladr,” i.e. The Primitive Pedigrees of all Wales. +In 1606 he was proceeded against as a Papist in the court of Bangor, and +in the following year he was excommunicated. There was written also by +him a large “List of Plants” in Latin, Welsh, and English. + +_William Williams_ was a native of the Isle of Anglesea. He was educated +at Oxford, and in 1652 he was elected scholar of Jesus’ College, whence +he removed to Gray’s Inn. In 1667 he was appointed recorder of the city +of Chester. When the Popish plot broke out, he sided with the party then +dominant; and in 1678 he was chosen one of the representatives of the +City of Chester, and again for the parliament which sat in 1679, and a +third time in 1680; in the two last parliaments he was chosen speaker of +the House of Commons. After the Presbyterian plot broke out in 1683, he +became an advocate for them and the fanatics. When James the Second came +to the crown, he was taken into favour, and was made solicitor-general +instead of Sir Thomas Powis, who was appointed attorney-general in 1687. +Williams was knighted on this occasion, and soon afterwards created a +baronet. He has published several of his eloquent speeches, besides some +other works. + +_Richard Wilson_, the eminent landscape painter, was the son of the Rev. +John Wilson, rector of Penegoes, in Montgomeryshire, where he was born in +1714. Having received a good classical education, he was sent at the age +of fifteen to London, where he was apprenticed to a portrait painter: and +he set up for himself in London, and painted the portraits of the Prince +of Wales and Duke of York, who were then under the tuition of Bishop +Hayter, of Norwich. Not obtaining any great success in the metropolis, +he went to Italy, and meeting with the Earl of Dartmouth, who saw the +young painter’s great abilities, proposed that he should travel with him +to Naples, which being readily accepted, enabled him to study some of the +finest specimens of painting. Here also he became conscious of his +particular excellence in landscape painting, at the height of which +branch he soon arrived. His reputation having become now very great, he +returned to England in 1755. Although his abilities were esteemed, he +was far from obtaining the patronage which his extraordinary talents +deserved, and it was not until after his death that his works were duly +appreciated. After a long period of neglect, and insult, caused by the +mean jealousy of rivals, he died near Mold, in 1782, in the sixty-eighth +year of his age. + +_William Worthington_, D.D., an eminent theological writer, was born in +Meirionethshire in 1703. He received his education at the Grammar +School, in Oswestry, and Jesus’ College, Oxford, where he proceeded +through his degrees. Having taken orders, he obtained various preferment +from Dr. Hare, then bishop of St. Asaph, he was rector of Hope, and +Darowen, and had a prebendal stall in the Cathedral of St. Asaph, and +another in York, to which he was appointed by Archbishop Drummond, whose +chaplain he had been. Among the variety of his works, the principal are +an “Essay on Redemption,” “Evidences of Christianity,” and “Sermons on +Boyle’s Lectures.” He died in 1778. + +_Sir John Wynn_ of Gwydir, was born near Llanrwst, in the year 1553. He +was made a baronet on the creation of that honour in 1615. He lived in +retirement, and wrote a curious and valuable work, entitled “The History +of the Gwydir family,” which was first printed in 1773, octavo. He was a +member of the council of the marches, and was well versed in the history +and antiquities of his native country, and a great patron of its +literature. Inigo Jones was born on his estate, and enjoyed the +patronage of the family who first brought him to notice. He died in +1626, in the seventy-third year of his age. + +_John Wynne_, was born at Caerwys, Flintshire, and was educated for some +time at Northop School, from whence he removed to Ruthin, and received +his academical education at Jesus’ College, Oxford, where he obtained a +fellowship. He became rector of Llangelynin, in Caernarvonshire, and +prebendary of Brecon. He was appointed also the Lady Margaret’s +professor of divinity, and by virtue of that, he had a prebend in +Worcester Cathedral in 1705. He was elected principal of Jesus’ College +in 1712, and was advanced to the bishopric of St. Asaph in 1714. He was +a very learned divine, and extremely liberal in the repairing of his +cathedral, which had suffered great damage by a violent storm soon after +his appointment. He was translated to the diocese of Bath and Wells in +1727, and died in July, 1743. + +_John Huddleston Wynne_, an eminent writer on miscellaneous subjects, was +born of a respectable family in Wales in 1743. He was brought up to the +profession of a printer, which he followed for some time in London; he +afterwards obtained a commission in the army, which he quitted and +commenced author. His principal works are “A General History of the +British Empire in America,” and “A History of Ireland.” He died in 1788. +His uncle, + +_Richard Wynne_, M.A., of All Soul’s College, Oxford, was rector of St. +Alphage, London, and of Ayot St. Lawrence, in Hertfordshire. He +published the New Testament in English, carefully collated with the +Greek, two volumes, octavo. He died in 1799. + +_Philip Yorke_, an eminent antiquarian, and author of a learned work +entitled “The Royal Tribes of Wales,” was born at Erddig, near Wrexham, +in Denbighshire, in 1743. After a liberal education, he was entered at +Benet College, Cambridge, where he graduated M.A. He represented +successively in parliament the boroughs of Halston and Grantham. He died +in 1804. + + + + +ADDENDA. + + +_John Bradford_, an ingenious poet, who was admitted a disciple of the +bardic chair of Glamorgan, in 1730, being then a boy; presided in the +same chair 1760, and died in 1780. He wrote several moral pieces of +great merit, some of which he printed in the “Eurgrawn,” a magazine then +carried on in South Wales. + +_Rev. Thomas Charles_, A.B., the son of a respectable farmer, in the +parish of Llanvihangel, South Wales, was born October 14, 1755. When he +was about ten or twelve years of age, his parents entertaining thoughts +of bringing him up to the ministry, sent him to school at Llanddowror, +about two miles off, where he continued three or four years. When about +fourteen years of age, his father sent him to the academy, at +Caermarthen, which he left for Oxford in 1775, where he remained about +four years. On leaving Oxford, he was engaged to a curacy in +Somersetshire, which he gave up in 1783, and removed to Wales, after a +ministry of five years. After Mr. Charles returned to Wales, he was +engaged successively to serve several churches in the neighbourhood of +Bala (where he then resided), at each of which, his evangelical preaching +giving great offence to the inhabitants, his services were declined. Mr. +Charles having been so many times deprived of the opportunity of +exercising his ministry felt no small perplexity of mind: his active +disposition would not allow him to remain wholly unoccupied. The +ignorance which prevailed among the people at Bala excited his sympathy; +he invited them to his house to give them religious instruction. He was +offered the use of the chapel by the Calvinistic Methodists, who were +then, and for some time after, connected with the Established Church: +this offer he accepted, and there he instructed and catechised the +numerous children who attended. In the year 1785, Mr. Charles commenced +preaching among the Methodists, from which period to the time of his +death his ministerial labours were very great; the effect of which are +still to be seen, and will probably continue to appear for ages to come. +Shortly after Mr. Charles left the church, he began establishing +circulating schools; they succeeded wonderfully, the whole country being +filled with them. The fruits of these schools were numerous Sunday +schools throughout the Principality. Mr. Charles prepared two editions +of the Welsh Bible, one in duodecimo, published in 1806, and another in +octavo, completed just before his death. But his greatest effort as an +author was a “Scriptural Dictionary,” four volumes, octavo. Mr. Charles +was the principal instrument in originating the Bible Society; the +exciting or moving cause of this noble institution was the great want of +Bibles, especially in North Wales. He died October 5, 1814, in the +fifty-ninth year of his age. + +_Robert Davies_, better known by the appellation of Bardd Nantglyn, was +born about the year 1769. At an early period of his life he became a +votary of the Awen, which propensity was strengthened by his intimacy +with Twm o’r Nant, who always expressed a just tribute of admiration for +his poetical efforts. In the year 1800 he removed to London, and there +became acquainted with those patriotic fosterers of their native language +and customs, who instituted the Gwyneddigion Society, and he filled at +intervals the situation of their bard and secretary. The illness of his +family compelled him reluctantly to leave the metropolis, after a +residence of about four years, and return to Nantglyn, which he never +afterwards quitted. This occurrence, which was unforeseen, obliged him +to borrow a sum of money from Owain Myvyr, to defray the expenses of +removal, and shortly after he was given to understand by that generous +character, that the loan should be a gift; and this munificent donation +enabled him to build a decent cottage, which formed his domicile during +his life. When the premiums awarded by the Eisteddvodau stimulated the +bards to unwonted exertions, Robert Davies early distinguished himself, +and acquired the honour of occupying the bardic chair for Powys, at the +meeting held at Wrexham, in 1820, by his prize elegy on the death of +George the Third. The number of medals he acquired on different +occasions amounted to eleven; and in addition he received, on various +occasions, many money premiums for meritorious exertions. It would be +needless to recapitulate the various subjects on which he was a +successful competitor, as the prize poems of his composition are mostly +published in his publication entitled “Diliau Barddas,” which contains +the greater part of the productions of his muse. He likewise was the +compiler of a very excellent “Grammar,” in great esteem in the +principality. He died on 1st December, 1835, and was buried at Nantglyn, +where it is in contemplation to erect a tablet to his memory. + +_John Evans_, an adventurous young man of Caernarvonshire, who, about the +year 1790, went to America, with a view of discovering the Welsh Indians, +or descendants of Madog and his followers. After surmounting many +difficulties, and penetrating about 1,300 miles up the Missouri River, he +was obliged to return to St. Louis, on the Mississippi. The commandant +there encouraged him to try another voyage, with attendants and +everything necessary to make discoveries; but unfortunately, John Evans +died of a fever there in 1797, when everything was prepared to ensure +success to his enterprise. + +_Wyn Elis_, A.M., an eminent divine and poet, who lived at Y-Las-Ynys, in +Meirionethshire, from about the year 1680 to 1740. About the year 1720, +he published a small tract in Welsh of great utility, containing letters +of advice to Christian professors, with various hymns and other pieces. +Soon after, he published the “Bardd Cwsg, or the Vision of the Sleeping +Bard,” in the manner of Don Quivedo, a very popular work, which has been +reprinted several times since the death of the author. + +_Rev. Evan Edward_, Aberdare, Glamorgan, an eminent Dissenting preacher, +philosopher and poet, and one of the few who being initiated into the +bardic mysteries, have helped to preserve the institution to the present +time. He died on the 21st of June, 1798, being the time fixed for him to +meet the other bards of the chair of Glamorgan. + +_Sir John Glynne_, an able political lawyer in the time of Charles the +First, and during the Interregnum, was born in the year 1590. He +received his academic education at Hart Hall, Oxford, and afterwards +studied at Lincoln’s Inn, where he became a bencher. His talents were +quickly discovered by the popular party, and through the tide of +opposition, he was buoyed up above the common level. He became steward +of Westminster, was returned for two parliaments that sat in the year +1640; was made recorder of London, and at length lord chief justice of +the upper bench. Cromwell made him one of his council, and placed him on +the committee appointed to inquire into the title most proper for the +usurper to assume. He continued in office till the Restoration, when he +prudently and promptly determined to submit to the new government. After +having been one of the ablest supporters of the protectorate, he was +received by the reinstated King with the most distinguished attention, +and obtained honorary marks of royal favour, for he was appointed prime +serjeant, himself knighted, and his eldest son created a baronet. He +appears to have been of considerable service, by sitting in the +convention parliament, as a representative for Caernarvon; assisted by +his advice to obtain the act of general amnesty; and particularly in his +judicial capacity, establishing the first precedent of granting a rule +for new trial in cases where excessive damages had been awarded by the +partial, or inconsiderate verdicts of a jury. He died in the year 1666. + +_Doctor Gabriel Goodman_ was a native of Ruthin, distinguished for his +various learning, but especially eminent as a linguist and divine. He +was promoted by Queen Elizabeth to the deanery of Westminster; and, with +other distinguished characters, appointed an assistant in that great +work, a version of the Holy Scriptures. By his translation of his “First +Epistle to the Corinthians,” wholly performed by him as well as other +parts assigned him, he acquired great fame; yet he obtained no higher +preferment, dying dean of Westminster after forty years’ incumbency, in +the year 1601. His regard for learned men was great, as appears from his +having helped to support Camden in his travels, who, through the dean’s +interest, was made under master of Westminster School. His desire for +perpetuating learning was no less conspicuous in the free-school founded +in his native place, and his philanthropy still lives in an hospital +established for the aged poor. + +_Howell Harris_, an eminent preacher, distinguished as the introducer of +Methodism into Wales, was born at Trevecca, in Brecknockshire, on January +23rd, 1713; and being designed for the church, was admitted a student of +St. Mary’s Hall, Oxford, in November, 1735. Here, however, he remained +only during one term, at the expiration of which, he quitted the +University, with the design of entering immediately on the duties of the +clerical profession. He had by this time, apparently, imbibed the tenets +and spirit of Whitfield, and determined to propagate the doctrine of +Methodism; with this view he applied for orders, but was refused. Having +commenced his ministerial career, he came to his native place, and +exerted himself with great zeal and earnestness. His style of preaching +was much the same as that practised by the ministers of his connection, +particularly among the Welsh, who have probably taken him for their +model; it was bold, declamatory, and animated, to a degree that might +often be denominated vociferation. At a period when religious freedom +was but imperfectly understood, even by those who deprecated persecution, +a man of Mr. Harris’s active zeal for proselytism, was not likely to pass +unobserved. He was in some instances prosecuted, but more frequently +persecuted: his undaunted resolution, however, triumphed over every +opposition, and rendered impotent every attempt to reduce him to silence. +He married in the year 1730, Anne, the daughter of John Williams, Esq., +of Screene, by whom he had one daughter. In the year 1756, when some +apprehensions of an invasion were entertained, he made a voluntary offer +to furnish at his own expense, ten light-horsemen completely armed and +accoutred, which proposal was accepted. Three years afterward, A.D. +1759, Mr. Harris himself, embarked in a military character. He was first +appointed to an ensigncy in the county militia, and afterwards invested +with the command of a company, in which were enrolled many of his own +followers. In the latter part of his life, he derived much support from +Lady Huntingdon, the warm patroness of the Calvinistic Methodists, who +came to reside in the neighbourhood. Mr. Harris died at Trevecca, July +28, 1773, and was buried in Talgarth church. In the year 1752 he formed +the plan of a religious community, something similar in its constitution +to the Moravian societies; and in the same year he laid the foundation of +Trevecca house, with a sufficient extent of buildings and garden, and +other ground to accommodate a large number of inhabitants. Here he +invited his disciples to assemble, and to invest their property in a +common fund, of which all members, as occasion might require, were +equally to participate. + +_Morus Huw_ of Perthi Llwydion, near Cerrig-y-Druidion, Denbighshire, a +distinguished poet, who flourished from about the year 1600 to 1650. He +is generally considered to be the best song writer that has appeared in +Wales. Many of his compositions are in the Blodeugerdd. + +_Thomas Jones_, bardd cloff (the lame bard). This highly respectable +bard was born at Mynydd Bychan (the little mountain), in the parish of +Llantysilio, Denbighshire, April 15, 1768. When quite an infant, he met +with an accident which lamed him for life—hence the appellation of the +lame bard. In 1775 Mr. Jones’s family removed to Llangollen, and Thomas +was sent to the best school in the town; in 1782 the family removed again +to Machynlleth, in the county of Montgomery. In 1780, Mathew Davies, +Esq., brought young Jones to London, and placed him in his +counting-house, in Long Acre, where Mr. Davies carried on a very large +establishment in the coach and military-lace line. Mr Jones was +exceedingly fond of reading, particularly poetry; and about this time he +began “to torment the Awen” (Muse), as he used to say; and wrote several +things both in Welsh and English. In 1789 he was elected a member of the +Gwyneddigion, and shortly afterwards he became secretary to the society. +At the time when it was regularly attended by Owain Jones, Myfyr, Dr. W. +O. Pughe, &c., who encouraged the young bard, and gave him much valuable +advice. In 1794 we find his name as one of the stewards of the festival +of Ancient Britons, and in 1801, as llywydd (chairman) of the +Gwyneddigion. In 1802 he published “An Ode of St. David’s-day,” and the +following year Mr. Davies made him the head manager of his business; a +convincing proof of the rectitude of his conduct, which was farther +testified by his becoming a partner in 1813. The Metropolitan Cambrian +Institution, founded on the basis of the Cymrodorion (established in +1750) was revived, and Mr. Jones was elected treasurer; and he gained the +gold medal offered by the society for the best poem in the Welsh +language, on its revival. In 1821 he was president of the Gwyneddigion +for the third time; and at the jubilee anniversary dinner, he was +presented with the society’s silver medal, to commemorate the event. Mr. +Jones gained several prizes at the different Eisteddvodau held in Wales. +And, after residing for a period of forty-five years (with little +intermission) at No. 90, Long Acre, departed this life February 18, 1828, +esteemed and lamented by all who knew him. Mr. Jones was an +open-hearted, generous, hospitable, benevolent man; no indigent +countryman appealed to him in vain; his name was invariably found in +every list of subscription raised for the promotion of literature, or the +relief of distress. Y bardd cloff, was, like his equally generous +countryman and friend, Mr. David Jones, of the House of Commons, +universally known by the Cymry, both in London and the principality. And +when he was gathered to his fathers, the Cymrodorion offered its silver +medal for the best approved of marwnad (elegy) on his lamented demise, +which was awarded to Robert Davies, bardd nantglyn. + +_John Jones_ of Celli Lyvdy, distinguished as one of the most +indefatigable collectors of Welsh literature that have appeared among us. +He continued translating old Welsh manuscripts for a period of forty +years, as it appears from some of his volumes, which are dated variously +from the year 1590 to 1630; and of whose works in this way upwards of +forty large volumes still exist. + +_Edward Jones_ was born at a farm in Meirionethshire, called Henblas, or +Old Mansion, on Easter Sunday, in the year 1752. His father was what is +generally termed a musical genius: he could not only perform on various +instruments, but he also made several. He taught two of his sons, Edward +and Thomas, the Welsh harp, another son the spinnet, and another the +violin, and he played himself on the organ—so that the “Family Concert” +was at least a tolerable strong one. Edward Jones came to London about +the year 1774, under the patronage of several persons of distinction, +connected with the principality. His performance on the harp was +considered in those days, when taste, feeling, and expression, were the +characteristic features of a lyrist, to be very superior. He met with +great encouragement, and had the honour of giving instructions to many +ladies of rank. He was appointed Bard to the Prince of Wales in 1783, +but it was merely an honorary situation. + +In conjunction with Dr. Owen Pughe, Mr. Walters, and a few literary +friends, he published a volume of Ancient Bardic Lore, and Welsh Airs, in +1794, and, in four years afterwards, brought out a second volume. In +1820 he published the first part of a third volume, and had employed his +days chiefly since in preparing the remainder, so as to complete the +work; but he was not permitted to accomplish it. He had been severely +afflicted with rheumatic pains for some time, and his memory became daily +more defective; he was a very reserved man, and passed most of his time +alone, with his chamber door locked. + +He had been a collector of scarce books, and possessed many valuable +ones; but his inability to follow his professional pursuits, and his high +spirit preventing him from making his situation known to his relatives, +caused him to dispose of a part of his library, on the produce of which +he subsisted. + +Several friends saw that he was daily becoming an object of their +friendly attention, who endeavoured to ascertain his circumstances; but +from him they could learn nothing, notwithstanding it was pretty certain +that he passed many days without a dinner. + +It became at length a duty incumbent on them to take him under their +care; a recommendation to the Governors of the Royal Society of Musicians +was promptly attended to, and an annuity of 50_l._ was granted unknown to +him. This single act of benevolence speaks volumes in favour of that +excellent institution, which was founded in 1738, with a view of +shielding the “child of song,” in the decline of life, from penury and +want; also to provide for the widows and orphans of its indigent members, +at their decease. Mr. Jones entered the society in 1778. + +Mr. Parry was deputed to give him the first monthly payment. It was in +the evening when he called; he found the Bard locked in his room, at his +lodgings in Great Chesterfield-street, Marylebone, and was admitted: he +did not recollect Mr. Parry immediately, although most intimately +acquainted with him; he had his dressing-gown and night-cap on, his harp +standing by the table, on which was a blotted sheet of music paper. Mr. +Parry told him the purport of the visit, but he did not pay much +attention to it, and only asked, with much fervency, whether he knew “The +Melody of Mona,” (See Relicks, vol. i. p. 168,) a most beautiful pathetic +Welsh air, in the minor key, to which Mrs. Hemans has written an +excellent song, called “The Lament of the last Druid.” He took his harp, +and with a trembling hand, + + “Struck the deep sorrows of his Lyre.” + +It was impossible not to feel affected on such an occasion—the scene +reminded him of the dying hour of a celebrated Bard, who called for his +harp, and performed a most plaintive strain— + + “Sweet solace of my dying hour, + Ere yet my arm forget its power, + Give to my falt’ring hand, my shell, + One strain to bid the world farewell.” + +In a few days afterwards he fell in a fit; the landlady who sat in the +apartment below, heard a noise; she ran up, but could not gain admission; +the door was burst open, when the poor Bard was found lying on his face, +with a heavy chair on his back. He remained senseless for two days, and +expired without a groan on Easter Sunday, April 18, 1824, aged 72. He +was conveyed to his silent tomb, in St. Mary-le-bone burial-ground, on +the following Sunday. Mr. Jones left a number of scarce books, and much +music, which were disposed of by public auction in February, 1825, and +produced nearly 500_l._ He had, at various times previous to his death, +sold books and prints to the amount of about 300_l._, so that his whole +collection may be stated at 800_l._; an extraordinary sum, considering +the habits of the collector! Of his professional abilities, his “Relicks +of the Welsh Bards” bear ample testimony; and will convey his name, with +honour, to posterity. They are the result of forty years labour and +research; and his countrymen of the Principality may now boast, that, as +well as the Irish and the Scotch, they also have their “Melodies.” + +_Rice Jones_ of Blaenau, in Meirionethshire, one of the most eminent +poets of Wales of recent times. He died in the autumn of the year 1801, +at the great age eighty-six. In the year 1770 he published a “Welsh +Anthology,” in quarto, containing choice selections from the poets of +different ages. + +_Theophilus Jones_, the ingenious and learned author of the “History of +Brecknockshire,” was born Oct. 18, 1758. He was the son of the Rev. Hugh +Jones, successively vicar of the parishes of Langammarch and Llywel, +Brecknockshire, and a prebendary of the collegiate church of Brecknock. +With his grandfather, Mr. Theophilus Evans, Mr. Jones passed much of his +early life. His principal education was completed in the college school +at Brecknock. Being destined by his parents to the law, Mr. Jones, at a +proper age, was placed under the care of an eminent practitioner then +resident in the town of Brecknock; and after having passed with credit +the period of his probation, entered into the profession upon his own +account, and continued in it for many years, practising with equal +reputation and success as an attorney and solicitor in that place. Upon +a vacancy in the deputy registrarship of the archdeaconry of Brecknock, +he was appointed to that office, and held it till his death. From the +documents committed to his charge, and to which he was particularly +attentive, he derived much valuable information connected with the +parochial history of the county. After Mr. Jones commenced the history +of his county, finding that the duties of his profession could not be +attended to, and antiquarian pursuits followed at the same time, he +disposed of the attorney’s and solicitor’s business. Being now more at +liberty to pursue the great object of his ambition, he spared neither +pains nor expense to carry it into execution. There was no part of the +county into which he did not extend his personal researches, inquiring +most minutely into the natural history and antiquities of every place and +parish. The first volume of his history of Brecknockshire in quarto, was +published at Brecknock in the year 1805, and the second volume in 1809. +With the exception of two communications to periodical publications, and +two papers in the Cambrian Register, this was his only literary +production. It was his intention to publish a history of Radnorshire, +but his enfeebled state of health would not allow him to make the +necessary exertions. His last literary attempt was a translation of that +well written Welsh romance, entitled “Gweledigaethau y Bardd Cwsg,” or +Visions of the Sleeping Bard, by the Rev. Ellis Wynne. He died upon the +15th of January, 1812, and was buried in the parish church of +Llangammarth. + +_David Jones_ of Trevriw, in Caernarvonshire, a poet who flourished from +about the year 1750 to 1780. He edited two collections of Welsh poetry, +one called “Diddanwch Teuluaidd,” and the other “Dewisol Ganiadau.” He +also formed a large collection of old manuscripts, which have been lately +purchased from his sons by the Rev. H. D. Griffith, of Caer Rhun, and +appropriated by that gentleman for the enriching of the Welsh +Archaiology. + +_Richard Llwyd_, generally known in North Wales as the Bard of Snowden, +and Author of “Beaumaris Bay,” two volumes of poems, &c., was born at +Beaumaris, in the Isle of Anglesea, in 1752, and terminated a life +devoted to the interest and literature of his country, on the 29th +December, 1834, at his residence in Bank-place, Chester. The morning of +his days was clouded with adversity. While yet a child, his father, who +traded on the coast in a small vessel of his own, was shipwrecked, and +lost at once his vessel, his cargo, and his life!—a calamity which +plunged his surviving family in hopeless poverty and distress. The +extreme poverty of his mother precluded her from giving Richard any +education. Nevertheless, in early life his propensities for knowledge +discovered itself in a variety of ways, and in spite of the obstacles +with which he was surrounded, gave an early promise of the brightness and +ardour of his genius, and that greatness of character in which he +afterwards so eminently distinguished himself. There was, fortunately +for him, at Beaumaris, a free-school, founded by Mr. David Hughes, a man +born, like himself, in the vale of humility, but who afterwards became a +blessing to his native island. Hence he says in one of his notes to +“Gayton Wake,” I received an education of nine months, and I acknowledge +this blessing with humble gratitude as it has been to me an inexhaustible +source of happiness. At twelve years old, his mother gladly accepted a +situation for him in the service of Henry Morgan, Esq., of Henblas. Here +he remained several years, and here it was that his character was formed; +he had not many opportunities of gratifying his insatiable thirst for +reading, but such as he had he availed himself of, with unremitting zeal +and ardour. He always rose at a very early hour, and devoted the time he +thus gained to reading and studying. In temperance and frugality he was +remarkable through life, and always studied and practised it with the +utmost exactness, which gave him a constant feeling of dignified +independence. In the year 1780 Mr. Lloyd entered into the service of Mr. +Griffith, of Caer Rhûn, near Conway, as superintendent of a large demesne +and family. Mr. Griffith being in the commission of the peace, and the +only acting magistrate in an extensive district, Llwyd acted as his +clerk; this situation offered him an opportunity of pursuing his +favourite studies. Here he lived until Mr. Griffith died, and with what +he had saved, aided by bequeaths from two friends, he retired from the +world. In 1797 he published his poem of “Beaumaris Bay,” which was +extremely well received by the public, and materially added to his +pecuniary resources. Mr. Llwyd had successfully studied the antiquities +of his country, and was exceedingly well versed in heraldry, which added +to his native vivacity, wit, and good humour, made his company courted by +the first families in the principality, at whose mansions he was always a +welcome guest. In 1804 Mr. Llwyd published his “Gayton Wake,” and two +volumes of poems, “Tales, Ode,” &c., translated from the British, which +show the extent and variety of his genius, and which met with extensive +encouragement. In 1814 he married Miss Bingley, daughter of the late +Alderman Bingley, of the city of Chester, with whom he lived happily in +comfortable independence, and whom he survived about twelve months. + +_William Maurice_ of Cevyn-y-Briach, in Denbighshire, a distinguished +antiquary and the assistant of Mr. Robert Vaughan, of Hengwrt, in +collecting old Welsh manuscripts. The collection made by Mr. Maurice is +now preserved at Wynnestay. He died about the year 1660. + +_William Middleton_, sometimes called in Welsh, Gwilym Ganoldrev, an +eminent poet and grammarian of the family of Gwenynog, in Denbighshire, +who lived from the year 1560 to 1600. He served in the armies of +Elizabeth, and was afterwards a captain of a ship of war; and, it is +worthy of notice, that the principal work that he left behind him was +done at sea, being an elegant “Version of the Psalms,” in the higher kind +of Welsh metre. This work we find, from a note at the end of it, was +finished January 24th, 1595, in the West Indies, and was printed after +his death by Thomas Salusbury in 1603. The only other performance of +this author which has been printed is his “Grammar,” and “Art of Poetry,” +which he published in the year 1593. + +_Richard Morris_, a brother of Lewis Morris, of Penros Llugwy, Anglesea, +an ingenious Welsh critic and poet. He passed the greater part of his +life as first clerk in the Navy-office; during which, he superintended +the printing of two valuable editions of the Welsh Bible. He died in the +year 1779. + +_Paul Panton_, Esq., of Plas Gwyn, in Anglesea, a character distinguished +for his acquaintance with the history and antiquities of his native +country, and who left behind him a valuable collection of Welsh +manuscripts; but who was more conspicuous for his liberality in aiding +others, who pursued a similar track with himself. In addition to his own +collection of papers, he also became possessed of the books of the Rev. +Evan Evans, author of the Desertatio de Bardis, and other things, in +consequence of having settled an annuity of £20. on that child of +misfortune, towards the close of his life. Mr. Panton died in 1797, in +the sixty-seventh year of his age. + +_William Parry_, some time president and theological tutor at Wymondley +Academy, Herts, was born in the year 1754, at Abergavenny, in +Monmouthshire. When he was about seven years of age, he removed with his +father to London, where he attended the ministry of Dr. Samuel Stennett. +At the age of twenty, he was introduced to the Academy of Homerton, where +Mr. Parry remained during six years, pursuing with unremitting ardour, +the studies to which he had devoted himself. On leaving the academy, he +acceded to an invitation from the church of Little Baddow, Essex, where +he was ordained in the year 1780. In the year 1798 proposals were made +to Mr. Parry by the trustees of W. Coward, Esq., to become theological +tutor in the Dissenting Academy which had for some years been conducted +at Northampton and Daventry, by Doctors Doddridge and Ashworth. An +earnest desire of extended usefulness led Mr. Parry to accept those +proposals; and in the year 1799 he took an affectionate farewell of his +beloved flock at Baddow, after having laboured amongst them for twenty +years, with great acceptance and fidelity. Mr. Parry entered on his new +and important office at Wymondley (to which place the academy was +removed). In undertaking the office of tutor, Mr. Parry did not resign +that of a minister of Christ: immediately after his settlement at +Wymondley, a small chapel was erected on the premises, where a +congregation was raised, and a church formed, over which he presided as +pastor till the time of his decease. With the exception of a charge +delivered at the ordination of one of his students, Mr. Parry appeared +but once in the character of an author. He died in the year 1818, in the +sixty-fourth year of his age. + +_William Owen Pughe_, D.C.L., was born at Ty’n y Bryn, in the parish of +Llanvihangel y Pennant, county of Meirioneth, on the 7th of August, 1759. +A man who is, by universal consent, pronounced the greatest literary +character which old Cambria has ever produced at any period of time; and +this may be truly said, without detracting from the unfading renown of +our Taliesins, Aneurins, Gwalchmais, Cynddelws, Hywel Ddas, Goronwy +Owens, or any other Cambrian author, because they did not exercise their +talents, however great, in so varied and rich a field, or so extensive +and bright a sphere as Dr. Owen Pughe. The family removed to Egryn, in +Ardudwy, a short period after his birth, and there he passed his youthful +days until he was sent to school at Altringham, near Manchester; and when +arrived at seventeen years of age, he settled in London. Here he became +intimate with Owain Myvyr and others, members of the Gwyneddigion; and +projected and commenced his great work, the “Welsh and English +Dictionary.” He laboured, at intervals, upon this arduous undertaking +for the space of eighteen years, during which he read all the remains of +antiquity which could be procured to furnish materials to incorporate in +this thesaurus of the words of the Welsh language. In conjunction with +Owain Myvyr and Iolo Morganwg he became engaged in a work, which must +elicit the warmest thanks of all Welsh scholars, intended to perpetuate, +for the benefit of posterity, the existing documents of the Cymry to the +close of the thirteenth century. This splendid memorial of patriotism +and industry is entitled the Myvyrian Archaiology of Wales, and has +afforded a facility for the study of British Antiquities, which will +place this department of the history of our island on a sure basis. The +Cambrian Biography, the translation of the works of Llywarchhen, and an +agricultural treatise for Mr. Johnes, of Havod, the superintendence of +the Cambrian Register, the Greal, the edition of the poems of Davydd ap +Gwilym, and numerous important communications to such works as Rees’ +Encyclopædia, Warrington’s History of Wales, Hoare’s History of +Wiltshire, Britton’s Beauties of England and Wales, Campbell’s Books on +Wales, Gunn’s Tracts, Meyrick’s Cardiganshire, Cox’s Publications, +Chalmer’s Caledonia, were the fruit of his studies and indefatigable +perseverance at this period. In the year 1806, an estate in Wales +devolved to him, where, after intervals spent in London, he finally +settled. During this retirement he translated “Milton’s Paradise Lost,” +“Heber’s Palestine,” many of Mrs. Heman’s poetical pieces, &c., into +Welsh, and the “Mabinagion,” &c., into English, besides many original +productions of great merit. The University of Oxford, as a testimony of +estimation for his arduous and useful labours, conferred on him the +degree of D.C.L. He breathed his last at Dolydd y Cae, a house at the +base of Cader Idris, where he had spent a few days in the same tranquil +manner as had distinguished him through life, on the 4th of June, 1835; +thus closing a life useful to his country, and endeared to his family and +friends, at the foot of the same mountain which had witnessed his birth. +A subscription has been entered into for the purpose of raising a fund to +defray the expense of erecting a monument to the memory of the erudite +and amiable William Owen Pughe. + +_Dr. David Powel_, an eminent antiquary of Denbighshire, born about the +year 1552, and educated at Oxford, where he took his degree of D.D. He +died in 1590, and was buried at Rhiwabon, of which he was vicar. In 1584 +he published an English version of “Caradog’s Chronicle of Wales,” with +annotations, and some other works. + +_Edward Richard_, an eminent Welsh critic, and an elegant pastoral poet, +who was a native of Ystrad Meirig, in Cardiganshire. He was the master +of a grammar school in his native village, from about the year 1735 to +the time of his death, on the 4th March, 1777. + +_William Richards_, L.L.D., was born in the year 1749, in the parish of +Penrhydd, in the vicinity of Haverfordwest, county of Pembroke, South +Wales. Though the Bible was the favourite theme of his studies, his +reading was not confined to it, he made himself acquainted with the best +authors in the English language; was well versed in civil and +ecclesiastical history, and deemed an admirable critic in the +Cambro-British tongue. Having determined to devote himself to the +ministry of the gospel, he placed himself in the Baptist Academy at +Bristol in the year 1773, where he continued two years. On leaving the +academy at Bristol, Mr. Richards accepted an invitation to Pershore, in +Worcestershire, where he became assistant to Dr. John Ash, pastor of the +Baptist church of that place. In 1776 he accepted an invitation from the +Baptist church at Lynn, in Norfolk, to become their pastor, and arrived +there on the 1st of July. When Mr. Richards had been some years at Lynn, +he received an invitation to settle at Norwich, but that he declined. +After having passed forty-two years among his people at Lynn, he died on +the 13th of September, 1818, in the sixty-ninth year of his age. His +greatest effort as an author, was the “History of Lynn,” in two large +octavo volumes, embellished with engravings. + +_Sir Richard Richards_, Lord Chief Baron, was born in the year 1752. In +the whole circle of the profession, no man stood higher in private +estimation, or public respect. As a lawyer and a judge, his decisions, +particularly in exchequer cases, were sound, and evinced considerable +acuteness. He long enjoyed the friendship and confidence of Lord +Chancellor Eldon, for whom, on several occasions, he presided under +special commissions as speaker of the House of Lords. He was appointed +on the fourth of May, 1813, chief justice of Chester, one of the barons +of the exchequer in 1814, and in April, 1817, on the death of Sir A. +Thomson, Lord Chief Baron, Sir R. Richards succeeded him in that high +office. He died in London, on the 11th of November, 1823. + +_Grufydd Roberts_, a learned grammarian, who was educated at the +University of Sienna, in Italy, under the patronage of William Herbert, +Earl of Pembroke. He printed his valuable “Welsh Grammar” at Milan, in +the year 1567. + +_Rev. Daniel Rowlands_, rector of Llangeitho, in Cardiganshire, was born +in the year 1713. He was a very distinguished minister of the gospel, +who, by the mighty power of his extraordinary eloquence, roused some of +his countrymen from that lethargy into which the whole country had sunk +as to religion. His preaching was so valued, and such the benefits +derived from it, that many flocked to hear him from every part of the +Principality. He continued rising in the public esteem till his death, +which happened on October 10, 1790. He was reputed among the Calvinistic +Methodists; but he taught particular tenets, and was the founder of a +distinct sect, now pretty numerous in Wales, and denominated Rowlandists +after his name. + +_David Samwell_, an elegant poet, who was a native of Nantglyn, in +Denbighshire. He was surgeon to the ship Discovery, commanded by Captain +Cook, and was an eye-witness of the death of that celebrated navigator, +of which melancholy event he wrote a circumstantial account in the +Biographia Britannica. He died in the autumn of the year 1799. + +_Rhydderch Sion_, a poet and grammarian, who lived from about the year +1700 to 1750. The latter part of his life he passed as a printer at +Shrewsbury, where he published his “Welsh Grammar,” and a small “Welsh +Vocabulary.” + +_Trevredyn Sion_, an eminent divine among the Nonconformists, who +flourished as a theological writer from about the year 1670 to 1720; and +who published his opinions in a book, which is an elegant specimen of the +Silurian dialect. + +_Prys Thomas_, of Plâs Iolyn, a distinguished poet who lived from about +the year 1560 to 1610. He was a gentleman of an ancient family and large +property in Denbighshire; who, being of a wild and roving disposition, +fitted out a privateer in which he went to try his fortune against the +Spaniards. It appears also from one of his poems that he was an officer +in the land service, and was at Tilbury when Queen Elizabeth reviewed the +array then assembled there. + +_Davydd Edward o Vargam_, an eminent poet of Glamorgan, who was admitted +a graduate of the Gorfedd for that province in the year 1620, presided +there in 1660, and died in 1690. Many of his productions are preserved, +but his most important work is the “Augmentation of the Collection of the +Bardic Mysteries,” formed by Llywelyn o Llangewydd. + +_Alderman Waithman_ was, indeed, “the architect of his own fortune.” He +was born near Wrexham, North Wales, in 1764, of parents of virtuous +character, but in humble life. His father died soon afterwards; and his +mother re-marrying, Waithman, when an infant, was adopted by an uncle, a +respectable linendraper, in Bath, and sent to the school of one Moore, an +ingenious man, the economy of whose plan of education led all his pupils +to acquire the habit of public and extemporaneous speaking. Mr. Waithman +was afterwards taken into the business of his uncle; on whose death, +about 1788, he obtained a situation at Reading, whence he proceeded to +London, and lived with a respectable linendraper until he became of age. +He then married, and opened a shop at the south end of Fleet Market, +nearly on the precise site of the monument there erected to his memory. +His activity and success next enabled him to remove to more extensive +premises, at the corner of Bridge-street and Fleet-street, where he +always honoured the high character of a London citizen and tradesman. He +retired from his business about twelve years since. He appears to have +commenced his political career about the year 1794; when, at a Common +Hall, he submitted a series of resolutions upon the war with France, and +enforcing the necessity of a reform in parliament; which resolutions were +triumphantly carried, and laid the foundation of his popularity. He was +next elected into the Common Council, where the speeches, resolutions, +petitions and addresses, which he moved and carried, would fill a +considerable volume. His friends, and his own well-directed ambition, +next prompted him to seek to represent the city of London in parliament; +but his efforts were unsuccessful, till, at the general election of 1818, +he was returned by a great majority, having polled 4,603 votes. He next +became alderman of his ward, Farringdon Without, the most considerable in +the city. At the general election, in 1820, he lost his seat by 140 +votes. In the same year he served as Sheriff of London and Middlesex, +with activity and intelligence; as he filled the office of Lord Mayor in +1823–24. At the elections of 1826, 1830, 1831, and 1833 he was again +returned for the City. He died in February, 1833, and was buried in St. +Bride’s church, Fleet street. A glance at these few data of the +Alderman’s useful life will bear out the proposition that he was “the +architect of his own fortune.” He owed nothing to court, or even City +patronage; but, even amidst the turmoil of a political life, he +accumulated a respectable fortune; for, it should be remembered that he +became an active politician forty years since, or within ten years after +he had established himself in business. He was a man of unflinching +integrity and untiring industry—qualities which make their possessor rich +indeed. As an orator, he was characterized rather by fluency than finery +of language: he preferred common to fine sense, and his experience in +matters of the great stage of the world was very considerable. + +_Edward Williams_, master of Rotherham Academy, was born November the +14th, 1750, at Glancllwyd near Denbigh. The rudiments of his education +he received at various schools in the neighbourhood, but having at the +age of twenty, decided on entering the Christian ministry, he was placed +under private tuition. If a few years time he was sent to prosecute his +studies at the Dissenting Academy of Abergavenny. His first settlement +in the ministry was at Ross, in Herefordshire, where he was ordained in +1776. A few years after this, Mr. Williams was requested to direct the +concerns of the seminary at Abergavenny, but as he declined that +proposal, the academy was removed from Abergavenny to Oswestry, where Mr. +Williams now commenced the delivery of a course of college lectures, +which he continued for about ten years, when he transferred the academy +to other hands, and removed to Birmingham in 1792. After spending three +years at the latter place, he received an invitation to superintend the +concerns of the Independent Academy at Rotherham, in Yorkshire, to which +station he removed in 1795, and that station he continued to occupy to +the period of his death, March 9, 1813. A diploma from Edinburgh +constituting him Doctor of Divinity, was received in 1792. Among the +numerous productions of his pen are a reply to Mr. Abraham Booth on the +“Baptismal Controversy,” two volumes, duodecimo, an “Abridgement of Dr. +Owen’s Exposition of the Epistle to the Hebrews,” four volumes, octavo, +an “Essay on the Equity of Divine Government, and the Sovereignty of the +Divine Grace.” + +_Peter Williams_, A.M., an eminent divine among the Calvinists in Wales, +who died August 4th, 1796, in his seventy-seventh year. He published a +large quarto Welsh Bible in 1770, with copious notes, which has gone +through two subsequent editions. He also printed a small edition with +notes, also a Concordance, and several religious tracts. + +_Rev. William Williams_, an eminent preacher among the Methodists, and +who was a poet of considerable genius. He published a great many tracts, +and Welsh hymns for the use of his society; the principal of which is a +work called “Golwg ar Deyrnas Crist,” published in 1761. He died about +the year 1776. + +_Rev. Morris Williams_, a celebrated Welsh antiquary, was born on the 2nd +of March, 1685, in the parish of Cellan, Cardiganshire, and was the son +of the Rev. Samuel Williams, vicar of Llandifriog. The elementary part +of his classical education he received at the Caermarthen Grammar-school, +whence he removed to Oxford, and matriculated at University College, May +31, 1705. Here he took his first degree in arts in 1708; he was +afterwards incorporated in the same degree at Cambridge, and proceeded +master of arts in that University in 1718. He was ordained deacon by Dr. +Fromnel, Bishop of Norwich, a priest by Dr. Ottley, Bishop of St. +David’s. Dr. Ottley presented him to the living of Llanwenog, in the +above county, in 1715; and in 1717 he was inducted to the vicarage of +Devynock, in Brecknockshire, where, in 1718 he married Margaret Davies, +of that parish. In 1724 he exchanged this living for the rectory of +Chetton Trinity, and the vicarage of St. Mary’s, Bridgewater, +Somersetshire. He was elected a fellow of the Royal Society in 1732. +His chief reputation as a Welsh scholar and antiquary rests on the +valuable assistance he gave Dr. Wotton in preparing for publication his +edition of the Laws of Hywel Dda, the glossary to which, a very able and +learned performance, was principally compiled by Mr. Williams. His other +works comprise various theological treatises, now little known. He also +drew up a manuscript catalogue of books in the Bodleian Library at +Oxford, and a manuscript life of himself, deposited in that library. His +books and manuscripts he bequeathed to Lord Macclesfield. + +_Cynwal Williams_, an eminent poet of Penmacno, Caernarvonshire, who +lived from about the year 1560 to 1600. The most interesting part of his +works is his poetical controversy with Edmund Prys, the archdeacon of +Meirionethshire; a contest that was carried on with so much feeling as +ultimately to cause Cynwal Williams to fall a martyr to the poignancy of +one of the replications of his antagonist. + +_William Wyn_, A.M., an eminent poet and divine, of the family of Rhaged, +in Meirionethshire, who lived from about the year 1740 to 1760, in which +last year he died. He was the rector of Llangyhaval and Manavon, in +Denbighshire. Some beautiful compositions by him are printed in Dewisol +Ganiadau. + + * * * * * + + THE END. + + + + +***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF SOME OF THE +MOST EMINENT INDIVIDUALS WHICH THE PRINCIPALITY OF WALES HAS PRODUCED +SINCE THE REFORMATION*** + + +******* This file should be named 39152-0.txt or 39152-0.zip ******* + + +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: +http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/3/9/1/5/39152 + + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, +set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to +copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to +protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project +Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you +charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you +do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the +rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose +such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and +research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do +practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is +subject to the trademark license, especially commercial +redistribution. + + + +*** START: FULL LICENSE *** + +THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE +PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK + +To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free +distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work +(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project +Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project +Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at +http://www.gutenberg.org/license). + + +Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic works + +1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to +and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property +(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all +the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy +all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession. +If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the +terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or +entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. + +1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be +used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who +agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few +things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works +even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See +paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement +and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. See paragraph 1.E below. + +1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation" +or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the +collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an +individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are +located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from +copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative +works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg +are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project +Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by +freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of +this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with +the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by +keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project +Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others. + +1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern +what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in +a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check +the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement +before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or +creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project +Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning +the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United +States. + +1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: + +1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate +access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently +whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the +phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project +Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, +copied or distributed: + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + +1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived +from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is +posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied +and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees +or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work +with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the +work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 +through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the +Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or +1.E.9. + +1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted +with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution +must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional +terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked +to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the +permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. + +1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this +work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. + +1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this +electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without +prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with +active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project +Gutenberg-tm License. + +1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, +compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any +word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or +distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than +"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version +posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org), +you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a +copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon +request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other +form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. + +1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, +performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works +unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. + +1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing +access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided +that + +- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from + the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method + you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is + owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he + has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the + Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments + must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you + prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax + returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and + sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the + address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to + the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation." + +- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies + you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he + does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm + License. You must require such a user to return or + destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium + and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of + Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any + money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the + electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days + of receipt of the work. + +- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free + distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set +forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from +both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael +Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the +Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. + +1.F. + +1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable +effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread +public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm +collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain +"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or +corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual +property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a +computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by +your equipment. + +1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right +of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project +Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all +liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal +fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT +LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE +PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE +TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE +LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR +INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH +DAMAGE. + +1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a +defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can +receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a +written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you +received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with +your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with +the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a +refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity +providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to +receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy +is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further +opportunities to fix the problem. + +1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth +in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS', WITH NO OTHER +WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO +WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. + +1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied +warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. +If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the +law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be +interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by +the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any +provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. + +1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the +trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone +providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance +with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, +promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, +harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, +that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do +or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm +work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any +Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause. + + +Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm + +Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of +electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers +including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists +because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from +people in all walks of life. + +Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the +assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's +goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will +remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure +and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations. +To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation +and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 +and the Foundation web page at http://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/pglaf. + + +Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive +Foundation + +The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit +501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the +state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal +Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification +number is 64-6221541. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent +permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. + +The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S. +Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered +throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at +809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email +business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact +information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official +page at http://www.gutenberg.org/about/contact + +For additional contact information: + Dr. Gregory B. Newby + Chief Executive and Director + gbnewby@pglaf.org + +Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation + +Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide +spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of +increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be +freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest +array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations +($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt +status with the IRS. + +The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating +charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United +States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a +considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up +with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations +where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To +SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any +particular state visit http://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/donate + +While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we +have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition +against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who +approach us with offers to donate. + +International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make +any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from +outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. + +Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation +methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other +ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. +To donate, please visit: +http://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/donate + + +Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. + +Professor Michael S. Hart is the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm +concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared +with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project +Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. + +Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed +editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S. +unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily +keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. + +Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: + + http://www.gutenberg.org + +This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, +including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary +Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to +subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. + diff --git a/39152-0.zip b/39152-0.zip Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..4c3316b --- /dev/null +++ b/39152-0.zip diff --git a/39152-h.zip b/39152-h.zip Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..6ea584e --- /dev/null +++ b/39152-h.zip diff --git a/39152-h/39152-h.htm b/39152-h/39152-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c4afdf1 --- /dev/null +++ b/39152-h/39152-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,3376 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html + PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> +<head> +<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=US-ASCII" /> +<title>A Biographical Sketch of some of the Most Eminent Individuals which the Principality of Wales has produced since the Reformation, by Robert Williams</title> + <style type="text/css"> +/*<![CDATA[ XML blockout */ +<!-- + P { margin-top: .75em; + margin-bottom: .75em; + } + P.gutsumm { margin-left: 5%;} + P.poetry {margin-left: 3%; } + .GutSmall { font-size: 0.7em; } + H1, H2 { + text-align: center; + margin-top: 2em; + margin-bottom: 2em; + } + H3, H4, H5 { + text-align: center; + margin-top: 1em; + margin-bottom: 1em; + } + BODY{margin-left: 10%; + margin-right: 10%; + } + table { border-collapse: collapse; } +table {margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;} + td { vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid black;} + td p { margin: 0.2em; } + .blkquot {margin-left: 4em; margin-right: 4em;} /* block indent */ + + .smcap {font-variant: small-caps;} + + .pagenum {position: absolute; + left: 92%; + font-size: small; + text-align: right; + font-weight: normal; + color: gray; + } + img { border: none; } + img.dc { float: left; width: 50px; height: 50px; } + div.gapspace { height: 0.8em; } + div.gapline { height: 0.8em; width: 100%; border-top: 1px solid;} + div.gapmediumline { height: 0.3em; width: 40%; margin-left:30%; + border-top: 1px solid; } + div.gapshortdoubleline { height: 0.3em; width: 20%; + margin-left: 40%; border-top: 1px solid; + border-bottom: 1px solid; } + div.gapdoubleline { height: 0.3em; width: 50%; + margin-left: 25%; border-top: 1px solid; + border-bottom: 1px solid;} + div.gapshortline { height: 0.3em; width: 20%; margin-left:40%; + border-top: 1px solid; } + .citation {vertical-align: super; + font-size: .8em; + text-decoration: none;} + img.floatleft { float: left; + margin-right: 1em; + margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; } + img.floatright { float: right; + margin-left: 1em; margin-top: 0.5em; + margin-bottom: 0.5em; } + img.clearcenter {display: block; + margin-left: auto; + margin-right: auto; margin-top: 0.5em; + margin-bottom: 0.5em} + --> + /* XML end ]]>*/ + </style> +</head> +<body> +<pre> + +The Project Gutenberg eBook, A Biographical Sketch of some of the Most +Eminent Individuals which the Principality of Wales has produced since the +Reformation, by Robert Williams + + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + + + + +Title: A Biographical Sketch of some of the Most Eminent Individuals which the Principality of Wales has produced since the Reformation + + +Author: Robert Williams + + + +Release Date: March 15, 2012 [eBook #39152] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-646-US (US-ASCII) + + +***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF SOME OF +THE MOST EMINENT INDIVIDUALS WHICH THE PRINCIPALITY OF WALES HAS PRODUCED +SINCE THE REFORMATION*** +</pre> +<p>Transcribed from the 1836 H. Hughes edition by David Price, +email ccx074@pglaf.org</p> +<h1>A<br /> +BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH<br /> +<span class="GutSmall">OF SOME OF</span><br /> +THE MOST EMINENT INDIVIDUALS<br /> +<span class="GutSmall">WHICH</span><br /> +THE PRINCIPALITY OF WALES<br /> +<span class="GutSmall">HAS PRODUCED SINCE THE +REFORMATION.</span></h1> +<div class="gapmediumline"> </div> +<p style="text-align: center"><span +class="GutSmall">BY</span></p> +<p style="text-align: center">The <span class="smcap">Rev.</span> +ROBERT WILLIAMS, M.A.,</p> +<p style="text-align: center"><span class="GutSmall">AUTHOR OF AN +HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF CONWAY CASTLE.</span></p> +<p style="text-align: center">(To whom the Cymmvodorion awarded a +Silver Medal in 1831).</p> +<div class="gapmediumline"> </div> +<p style="text-align: center">WITH AN ADDENDA,</p> +<p style="text-align: center"><span class="GutSmall">CONTAINING +MEMOIRS OF DR. WILLIAM OWEN PUGHE,</span><br /> +<span class="GutSmall">RICHARD LLWYD, THE ANTIQUARIAN, BARDD +NANTGLYN,</span><br /> +<span class="GutSmall">BARDD CLOFF, AND SEVERAL OTHERS, DERIVED +FROM</span><br /> +<span class="GutSmall">VARIOUS AUTHENTICATED SOURCES.</span></p> +<div class="gapshortline"> </div> +<p style="text-align: center">LONDON:<br /> +H. HUGHES, 15, ST. MARTIN’S-LE-GRAND.</p> +<div class="gapshortline"> </div> +<p style="text-align: center">1836.</p> +<p style="text-align: center"><a name="pageii"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. ii</span><span class="GutSmall">METCALFF, +PRINTERS,</span><br /> +<span class="GutSmall">5 GROCERS’ HALL COURT, +POULTRY.</span></p> +<h2><a name="pageiii"></a><span class="pagenum">p. iii</span>TO +THE PUBLIC.</h2> +<p>The object of this little work, is, to show to the English +reader, that Wales has produced a number of highly talented and +distinguished individuals; and the publication might be greatly +extended, were it deemed prudent to add the names of those +learned men who are still among us.</p> +<p>The publisher will feel obliged for any additional names, +which will be inserted in a future edition.</p> +<div class="gapshortline"> </div> +<p style="text-align: center">Mr. Williams’s portion may be +had printed in Welsh.<br /> +Price one shilling.</p> +<div class="gapspace"> </div> +<h2><a name="page1"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +1</span>BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES,<br /> +<span class="GutSmall">ETC.</span></h2> +<p><i>William Baxter</i> was born in Wales in the year +1650. In his eighteenth year he was sent to Harrow School, +when he could speak no other language but Welsh; he, however, +soon acquired English, and triumphantly overcame all these +disadvantages, and at the age of twenty-nine he commenced author, +with the publication of his “Analogia Linguæ +Latinæ.” He afterwards was appointed master of +the Mercer’s School, in London. He soon made himself +known as an excellent philologist and antiquary, by several +learned works, and more particularly his Horace and his +Dictionary of British Antiquities, entitled “Glossarium +Antiquitatum Britannicarum,” in which he attempted, from +his knowledge of the British language, to determine geography by +etymology. He died in 1723.</p> +<p><a name="page2"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 2</span><i>Lewis +Bayly</i>, an eminent prelate, was a native of Caermarthen, and +studied at Oxford. He was appointed chaplain to Henry +Prince of Wales, son of James the First, to whom he dedicated a +religious work, entitled the “Practice of Piety,” +which has passed through a vast number of editions. He was +rector of St. Matthew’s church, in London, and afterwards +bishop of Bangor; and died in 1631. His son,</p> +<p><i>Thomas Bayly</i> was educated for the church at Cambridge; +and during the civil war he resided at Ragland Castle, as +chaplain to the Marquis of Worcester; after the surrender of +which he travelled on the Continent; and on his return to England +he published his “Certamen Religiosum, or a Conference +between King Charles the First and Marquis of Worcester, +concerning religion, in Ragland Castle, Anno 1646,” which +he is supposed to have written to justify his embracing the Roman +Catholic religion. He also published the “Royal +Charter granted to Kings,” for which he was committed to +Newgate. He also published another work, entitled +“Herba parietis.” Having made his escape from +prison, he died in France in 1659.</p> +<p><i>Morris Clynog</i> was a native of Caernarvonshire, and was +educated at Cambridge, where he graduated L.L.B. He was +appointed rector of Corwen sinecure in 1556, and became a +prebendary of York, and an officer in the Prerogative Court, +under Cardinal Pole, <a name="page3"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +3</span>archbishop of Canterbury, and he was nominated to succeed +Dr. William Glynn in the bishopric of Bangor; but the queen dying +before he was consecrated, he fled beyond sea, and going to Rome +he became, some years after, the first rector of the English +hospital there, after it was converted into a college for English +students, where he became much noted for his partiality to his +countrymen of Wales, which always caused a great faction between +the Welsh and English students resident there.</p> +<p><i>Thomas Coke</i>, the eminent missionary, was the son of a +surgeon at Brecon, in South Wales, where he was born in the year +1747. He was educated at the College school at that town, +and in due time he was entered a Gentleman Commoner of Jesus +College, Oxford. He took the degree of L.L.D. in 1775; and +becoming acquainted with Wesley, he supported his opinions with +great zeal. He commenced his labours as a missionary in +North America in 1784, where he remained for several years in +great popularity with the Methodists; but his advocating the +cause of the negroes, and his opposition to the inhuman traffic +in slaves, brought upon him the indignation of the Americans, and +he was obliged to leave the country with precipitancy, and it was +with great difficulty that he escaped to England. He +afterwards made nine voyages as a missionary to the West Indies +with great success, <a name="page4"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +4</span>which must be attributed to his pious zeal and learning, +which he has left several works to prove. His character has +always been greatly extolled for the judgment which he exhibited +in very trying periods, and for the amiableness of his +disposition. He died on his voyage to the East Indies in +1814.</p> +<p><i>Francis Davies</i>, D.D., an eminent and pious prelate, was +a native of Wales, and was born in the year 1604. After an +academical education, he entered the church; he received various +preferment, and in 1660 he was appointed archdeacon of +Llandaff. In 1667 he was raised to the bishopric of the +same diocese; and died in 1674.</p> +<p><i>John Davies</i>, D.D., the celebrated Welsh antiquary and +learned divine, was born at Llanverras, in Denbighshire, and was +educated at Ruthin School, under Bishop Parry. He was +entered at Jesus College, Oxford, in 1589, where he +graduated. In 1608, he removed to Lincoln College, and took +his Doctor’s degree in 1616. Having been appointed +chaplain to Bishop Parry, he was made canon of St. Asaph by him; +and in 1604, he was presented to the rectory of Mallwyd, and +subsequently to those of Llan yn Mowddy and Darowen; and in 1617 +to the prebend of Llannfydd, and subsequently to Llanvor +sinecure. His character was held in high estimation in +Oxford for his proficiency in the Greek and Hebrew languages: <a +name="page5"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 5</span>a most exact +critic, and an indefatigable searcher of antiquities. His +celebrated works are “Antiquæ Linguæ +Britannicæ Rudimenta,” 8vo., 1621, and +“Dictionarium Britannico-Latinum, and +Latino-Britannicum,” which was published in London, 1632, +folio. At the end of his dictionary is a good collection of +Welsh proverbs. He died in May, 1644, and was buried in the +church of Mallwydd, Meirionethshire.</p> +<p><i>Miles Davies</i> was a native of Whitford, near Holywell, +in Flintshire. He was originally intended for the church, +but from some unknown cause he left his native country, and went +to London, where he subscribed himself barrister at law. +Here he commenced author, and published three volumes of his +“Athenæ Britannicæ,” in 1715, which +contain much curious and valuable knowledge. Very little is +now known of his history, but he is supposed to have been +unfortunate in his later career as a literary character. It +is uncertain when his death took place.</p> +<p><i>Richard Davies</i>, D.D., was the son of David ap Gronw, +and was born in Denbighshire, and educated at New Inn Hall, +Oxford. Having entered the church, he became vicar of +Burnham, and rector of Maids-morton, Buckinghamshire, which +preferment he was deprived of in Queen Mary’s reign, for +being married; and he consequently retired to the +Continent. On the accession of Queen Elizabeth he returned +home, and <a name="page6"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +6</span>was raised by her to the bishopric of St. Asaph, in 1559, +from whence he was translated to the see of St. David’s in +1561. This eminent prelate was a man of great learning, and +he was employed, with others, in translating the Bible into +English, and he translated all from the beginning of Joshua to +the end of Samuel. He also translated part of the New +Testament into Welsh, particularly some of the Epistles. He +published also some other works. He died at the Episcopal +Palace of Abergwyli, Caermarthenshire, in 1581.</p> +<p><i>Thomas Davies</i>, D.D., Bishop of St. Asaph, was a native +of Llanbeder, near Aberconwy, Caernarvonshire, where he was born +about the year 1515. He received his academical education +at St. John’s College, Cambridge. He became rector of +his native parish, and was also made archdeacon of St. Asaph, and +chancellor of Bangor. In 1561 he was advanced to the +bishopric of St. Asaph, where he continued to his death, which +took place in 1573. He was a very pious and charitable +person, and founded a scholarship in Queen’s College, +Cambridge. He bequeathed also considerable sums of money +for other pious uses.</p> +<p><i>Walter Devereux</i>, Earl of Essex, the father of the +unfortunate favourite of Queen Elizabeth, was born in +Caermarthenshire in the year 1540, and succeeded his grandfather +in the titles of Viscount Hereford and Lord Ferrers. His +joining the Earl of Lincoln with a <a name="page7"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 7</span>body of troops against the rebels who +rose in the North, recommended him to the favour of Queen +Elizabeth, who created him Earl of Essex in 1572, and made him a +Knight of the Garter. He was afterwards appointed governor +of Ulster in Ireland; and his death, which was supposed to have +been hastened by poison, by his enemy the Earl of Leicester, took +place in Dublin in 1576, leaving the character of a brave +soldier, loyal subject, and disinterested patriot.</p> +<p><i>David Dolben</i> was born at Segrwyd, near Denbigh, in +1581. He was educated at St. John’s College, +Cambridge, where he proceeded regularly through his degrees to +that of doctor. He became a prebendary of St. Asaph, and +vicar of Hackney, in Middlesex; and in 1631 he was raised to the +bishopric of Bangor. He died two years after his promotion, +in London, and was buried in Hackney church.</p> +<p><i>William Edwards</i>, one of the most wonderful examples of +self-taught genius, was a native of Glamorganshire, where he was +born at Eglwysilan, in 1719. At an early age he attracted +notice by the neatness of his workmanship, in building walls on +his father’s farm; and gradually he arrived at the building +of houses and larger structures. Having given great +satisfaction to all his employers, he undertook, in 1746, to +build a bridge over the river Tav, which was executed and greatly +admired; at the end of two years and a half it <a +name="page8"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 8</span>was destroyed +by a tremendous flood, which carried it away: he immediately +commenced a new one, which however was likewise a failure. +The third was completed in 1755, and remains a splendid monument +of his talent, and is one of the most beautiful in the world; its +span is 140 feet; and it exceeds the famed Rialto of Venice, +which was supposed to be the largest arch in the world, by 42 +feet. He devised several important improvements in the art +of bridge building, and the success of his last bridge over the +Tav introduced him to public notice; and he was employed to build +numerous other bridges in South Wales. He died in +1789. It is rather singular that his son and grandson were +equally possessed of the same taste and architectural talent.</p> +<p><i>Thomas Edwards</i>, better known by his familiar +appellation of <i>Twm o’r Nant</i>, was born at Nant, near +Denbigh, in the year 1739. He received but a poor education +in his youth, and was brought up to no regular trade, but worked +as a labourer; his genius however showed itself at an early age, +and he gave proofs of his Awen in the composition of a peculiar +species of dramatic writing, known in Wales by the name of +“Interludes,” which were very common there in the +last century. They appear to bear some analogy to the New +Comedy of the Athenians, where he satirizes living persons under +fictitious names; and although <a name="page9"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 9</span>there are numerous examples of low +scurrility and satire, yet they abound with fine strokes of +genuine wit, and excellent poetry. He possessed a command +of language, and was a good writer when he pleased; a neat +specimen of which exists in his Autobiography, in Welsh. He +spent his life in various parts of Wales, in different +occupations, although he esteemed the acting of his Interludes +not the least profitable. He generally bore a part in the +exhibiting of his compositions, and gained considerable profit by +selling printed copies of them, which he hawked about the country +himself. Some of his poetry on various subjects has been +published, and two portraits of him. He was a man of great +muscular power; and he died in 1810, in the seventy-first year of +his age.</p> +<p><i>John Evans</i>, D.D., was born at Wrexham, in Denbighshire, +in 1680. He was an eminent Dissenting divine, and graduated +both at Edinburgh and Aberdeen; he was the author of several most +excellent sermons on the Christian Temper, which have been +admired by divines of every denomination. He for some years +was the minister of the congregation of Independents in Petty +France, having succeeded Dr. Williams; he was also lecturer for +some time at Saddlers’ Hall; and he died of dropsy in +1732.</p> +<p><i>John Evans</i>, D.D., was born in Llanarmon, +Denbighshire. He received his education at Jesus College, +<a name="page10"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 10</span>Oxford, +where he proceeded through his degrees. Having taken +orders, he obtained the living of Llanaelhaiarn, in +Carnarvonshire, and in 1701 he was promoted to the bishopric of +Bangor, and he was translated thence to the bishopric of Meath, +in Ireland, in 1715.</p> +<p><i>Evan Evans</i>, an eminent divine and poet, better known +among his countrymen by the bardic appellation of Ienan Brydydd +Hir, was born at Cynhawdrev in Cardiganshire, in the year +1730. He received his education at the grammar school of +Ystrad-meurug in the same county, whence he removed to Oxford, +and was entered at Merton College in 1751. After leaving +college he officiated as curate at several places; and applied +himself with great diligence to the cultivation of Welsh +literature, and employed his leisure time in transcribing ancient +manuscripts; for which purpose he visited most of the libraries +in Wales, where manuscripts were known to exist. In the +pursuit of his literary labours he for some time enjoyed the +patronage of Sir Watkin W. Wynne, and Dr. Warren, Bishop of +Bangor. He received an annuity of 20<i>l.</i> from Paul +Panton, Esq., of Plasgwyn, in Anglesea, on condition that all his +manuscripts should on his death become his property; and in +consequence, the whole collection, amounting to a hundred +volumes, was deposited in Plasgwyn Library, where they still +remain. He published <a name="page11"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 11</span>two volumes of Welsh sermons, and was +the author of an English poem, entitled the “Love of our +Country;” but his chief work which ranked him high as an +antiquary and critic, was a volume of Welsh poems with Latin +translations, prefaced by a learned “Dissertatio de +Bardis.” The Welsh poems in this volume furnished +Gray with matter for some of his most beautiful poetry. Mr. +Evans was a man of excellent disposition, and great abilities as +a Welsh scholar, but for some reason he never obtained any +preferment in the church. He served in succession the +curacies of Towyn in Meirion, Llanberis, and Llanllechid in +Caernarvonshire. He died suddenly at the place of his +birth, in August, 1789.</p> +<p><i>Richard Fenton</i>, well known as the author of a +“Historical Tour through Pembrokeshire;” was born in +Wales, and was for several years an eminent member of the Welsh +bar. He was also author of other works which were published +anonymously, of which “A Tour in search of +Genealogy,” and “The Memoirs of an Old Wig,” +were highly esteemed as works of great interest, and abounding in +wit and anecdote. He was a particular friend of Garrick, +Goldsmith, Glover, and other great wits of the day. He +translated also the works of Athenæus, which were never +published. He died at an advanced age in November, +1821.</p> +<p><i>John Gambold</i> was born at Haverfordwest about the <a +name="page12"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 12</span>year +1706. He received a liberal education, and was entered at +Christ Church, Oxford, where he took his degree of Master of Arts +in 1734. He was presented to the living of Stanton Harcourt +by Archbishop Secker in 1738, which he resigned ten years after, +from motives of conscience, having become a convert to the +opinions of Zinzerdorf, an account of whose life and character he +published. He was appointed by the Moravians one of their +bishops, of whom he had become a distinguished member in +1754. While at Oxford, he was the author of a “Sacred +Drama,” which was published in 1740, on the subject of the +martyrdom of Saint Ignatius; and he superintended an edition of +the Greek Testament at the Clarendon press; he translated also a +History of Greenland from the Dutch, besides several sermons and +other productions. He was a man of blameless morals, deep +erudition, and sincere piety; and he was greatly beloved for the +amiableness of his manners. He died at Haverfordwest in +1771. He was author of a “Welsh Grammar,” and +an able critic in the language.</p> +<p><i>William Glynn</i>, D.D., was born in 1504, at Malltraeth in +Anglesea, and educated at Cambridge, where he became Master of +Queen’s College. In 1549, he was presented to the +living of St. Martin’s-le-grand, London; and in 1551 he was +made rector of his native parish of Heneglwys, and in 1555 he was +promoted to the episcopal see of Bangor, where he died in 1558, +in <a name="page13"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 13</span>the +fifty-fourth year of his age. Fuller, in his Worthies of +Wales, gives a high character of this excellent bishop; and he +was a man of great natural abilities and learning, and strictly +attentive to the duties of his high station.</p> +<p><i>Edmund Griffith</i>, D.D., was a native of Lleyn in +Caernarvonshire, where he was born in 1570. He was educated +at Brazen-nose College, Oxford, whence he removed to Jesus +College, where he graduated. In 1599, he obtained the +rectory of Llandwrog, and the following year he was made canon of +Bangor; and after other preferments he was made dean of the same +diocese in 1613, and he was promoted to the bishopric in +1633. His death took place in the year 1637.</p> +<p><i>Elizabeth Griffith</i>, who has distinguished herself in +the literary world by several productions, was a native of Wales; +she married an Irish gentleman of the name of Richard Griffith, +and little is known of her except her works. She first +published “Letters of Henry and Frances,” which is +supposed to contain the genuine correspondence of herself and her +husband before, and for some time after their marriage. She +was the author of several dramas, novels, and several other +productions, which obtained various success. She died in +1793.</p> +<p><i>George Griffith</i>, D.D., was born at Penrhyn, +Caernarvonshire, in 1601. He was educated at Westminster <a +name="page14"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 14</span>School, from +whence he was elected student of Christ Church, Oxford, in 1619, +where he became an eminent tutor and preacher. He was +appointed chaplain to Bishop John Owens, and was by him presented +to the rectory of Llanvechain, Montgomeryshire, which he +subsequently left for Llanymynech, and he also had the rectory of +Llandrinio. In 1631, he was made a canon of St. +Asaph. On the commencement of the civil war, he lost his +preferment on account of his attachment to the royal cause, to +which he rendered good service; but on the Restoration he was +rewarded, and raised to the bishopric of St. Asaph. In a +convocation of the clergy in 1662, he was an active member in +drawing up the Act of Uniformity, and making several alterations +in the Liturgy; and he is supposed to have written the form for +the baptism of those of riper years. He was also author of +some Plain Discourses on the Lord’s Supper. He died +in 1666.</p> +<p><i>John Gwillim</i> was born of an ancient Welsh family in +Herefordshire, in 1565. He was educated at Brazen-nose +College, Oxford, and became a member of the Herald’s +College, London, in which he obtained the appointment of Rouge +Croix Pursuivant, in 1617, which was owing to the appearance of +his famous work, the “Display of Heraldry,” which +first appeared in 1610, and has since gone through several other +editions. His death took place in 1621.</p> +<p><a name="page15"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +15</span><i>Matthew Gwinne</i>, M.D., was an eminent physician, +and was the first professor of medicine on Sir Thomas +Gresham’s foundation. The exact year of his birth is +uncertain, but he was born in London of Welsh parents; and he +received his education at Merchant Tailors’ School, whence +he removed to St. John’s, Oxford, of which college he +became a fellow. He composed a Masque, which recommended +him to King James the First, before whom it was performed in +Oxford; and he rose higher in that monarch’s favour by an +essay which he wrote against tobacco. He was the author of +various other poems and prose works. He died in 1627.</p> +<p><i>John Hanmer</i>, a member of the ancient family of the same +name, living at Hanmer, in Flintshire, was educated at the +University of Oxford, where he obtained a fellowship in All Souls +College. He subsequently became a prebendary of Worcester, +and rector of Bingham, Nottinghamshire. He was appointed +chaplain to King James the First, who nominated him bishop of St. +Asaph in 1623. He died at Pentre-pont, near Oswestry, in +1629; and bequeathed several sums of money for charitable +purposes.</p> +<p><i>Sir Thomas Hanmer</i>, Baronet, was born in 1676, and +succeeded to the title and estates of his uncle Sir John Hanmer, +in Flintshire. He was educated at Westminster School, and +Christ Church, Oxford. He commenced his parliamentary +career in the representation <a name="page16"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 16</span>of the county of Suffolk; and in +1713, he was elected speaker of the House of Commons, which +honourable office he held until the end of his parliamentary +life, which from its commencement lasted upwards of thirty +years. He then withdrew altogether from public life, and +turned his attention to literature; he published an elegant +edition of Shakspeare in six volumes, quarto, which was printed +at Oxford in 1744; and he liberally presented the copyright to +the University. He died at his seat in Suffolk in 1746.</p> +<p><i>Howell Harris</i> was born at Trevecka, in Brecknockshire, +in 1714. His parents were in humble circumstances, but they +contrived to give him a classical education, and kept him at +school until he was eighteen, when his father dying, he was +obliged to support himself by giving instruction to a few boys in +the neighbourhood, intending at a proper time to enter the +established church. In 1735, he went to Oxford, and was +entered at St. Mary Hall, where he did not remain to complete his +studies. In 1739, he began to traverse Wales, preaching in +the open fields and streets according to the tenets which +Whitfield was spreading in England, and gaining numerous converts +every day. The sect which he introduced is still very great +in Wales, and after spending seventeen years in spreading his +doctrine, he came to reside permanently at his native town of +Trevecka. After an active life, he died in the year +1773.</p> +<p><a name="page17"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 17</span><i>John +ap Henry</i> was born in Wales in 1559, and was a celebrated +character at that period, better known by his assumed title of +Martin Marprelate. He was entered at Peterhouse, Cambridge, +where he took the degree of B.A. in 1584; he afterwards removed +to Oxford, where he graduated M.A.; he preached frequently in +both Universities, and gained great reputation, and he afterwards +became a notorious Puritan. His embracing the principles of +the Brownists, rendered him obnoxious to a vindictive government, +to the cruelty of which he afterwards fell a victim. He was +prosecuted for some libellous pamphlets which could not be proved +against him; and afterwards he was most illegally tried and +condemned on a charge of denying the sovereign’s authority, +for which he was accordingly executed. He was a man of +great talent and learning, but his productions are chiefly +political tracts which related to that period.</p> +<p><i>Matthew Henry</i> was the son of Philip Henry, an eminent +Nonconformist, and he was born at Broad Oak, in Flintshire, in +the year 1663. He was early instructed by his father in the +Latin, Greek, and Hebrew languages, in which he made great +proficiency, and being originally intended for the bar, he was +entered at Gray’s Inn; but his great predilection for +divinity induced him to leave that profession, and for +twenty-five years he was the zealous pastor of a Dissenting <a +name="page18"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 18</span>congregation +in Chester. In 1702, he removed to Hackney, where he paid +the most sedulous attention to the duties of his ministry; he +remained there until his death, which took place in 1714, of a +stroke of apoplexy. His numerous works are a proof of his +deep learning, and he enjoyed great popularity both as an author +and a preacher; his chief work is an Exposition of the Bible, in +five volumes, folio, which has gone through numerous +editions.</p> +<p><i>Edward Herbert</i>, Lord Herbert of Cherbury, eminent for +his character and writings, was the son of Richard Herbert, Esq., +of a very ancient family, and was born at Montgomery Castle, in +North Wales, in 1581. His proficiency was so great in his +early education that he was entered at University College, +Oxford, at the age of twelve. In 1600, he came to London, +and being introduced at court, he became a Knight of the Bath +soon after the accession of James the First. After spending +his time in visiting various courts of Europe, and serving for +some time under the Prince of Orange in the Low Countries, in +1614, he was sent on an embassy to the court of France; and +having been recalled, he was sent ambassador a second time, and +while there he printed at Paris his famous book “De +veritate prout distinguitur a Revelatione.” In 1625, +he returned home, and was created an Irish Peer, and afterwards +an English Baron. He afterwards <a name="page19"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 19</span>retired from public life, and upon +the breaking out of the civil war, he joined the parliamentary +party, but he soon quitted it, and joined the royal cause, and +consequently he was a great sufferer in his estate. He died +in London, in 1648, and was buried in St. +Giles’s-in-the-fields. He wrote the Memoirs of his +own Life, which were not published until the year 1764, by Lord +Oxford. The character of this distinguished nobleman was +brave, generous, and disinterested.</p> +<p><i>George Herbert</i>, younger brother of Lord Herbert, +distinguished himself as a poet and divine; he also was born at +Montgomery Castle, in 1593. He was educated at Westminster +School, and Trinity College, Cambridge, where he obtained a +fellowship; and in 1619, he was chosen public orator. +Having taken orders, he applied himself with great assiduity to +the duties of his profession, and the first benefice which he +received was a prebend in the diocese of Lincoln, and the parish +church connected with it was rebuilt mostly at his own +expense. He subsequently obtained the rectory of Bemerton, +near Salisbury. His death took place in February, +1633. He published the “Country Parson,” and he +was the author of the “Temple,” which contains poems +on sacred subjects, besides other minor pieces.</p> +<p><i>James Howel</i>, the author of the popular and interesting +“Epistolæ Hoelianæ,” was the son of a <a +name="page20"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 20</span>clergyman, +and born in Caermarthenshire, in 1596. He took his degree +of bachelor of arts in Jesus College, Oxford, in 1613. When +he left the University, he was appointed, through the interest of +Sir Robert Mansel, to superintend a patent glass manufactory in +London, which had been established by some men of rank. In +1619, he commenced a tour on the Continent in the service of his +employers, and during the three years that he continued abroad, +he visited Holland, Spain, France, and Italy; in Venice he +engaged some workmen for his manufactory, for the Venetians were +at that time very famous for their skill in casting +plate-glass. Soon after his return to England he was +elected fellow of Jesus College, and travelled abroad again with +the son of Lord Altham. He afterwards had the office of +secretary to Lord Scrope, then president of the North, and was +elected member of parliament for Richmond, and subsequently he +was appointed secretary to the English Ambassador, the Earl of +Leicester, in Denmark. In 1640, he was made clerk of the +council, which he did not long retain by reason of +Cromwell’s usurpation. His works are numerous, and he +was the first who held the office of Historiographer, which he +obtained on the Restoration. He died in 1666.</p> +<p><i>William Hughes</i>, D.D., was a native of Caernarvonshire, +and was educated partly at Oxford, whence he removed to +Christ’s College, Cambridge. He was <a +name="page21"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 21</span>chaplain to +the Duke of Norfolk, and he took his degrees of divinity in +Oxford, having been incorporated from Cambridge. He was +afterwards rector of Llysfaen in Caernarvonshire, and in 1573, he +was consecrated Bishop of St. Asaph. He died in 1600.</p> +<p><i>Humphrey Humphreys</i>, D.D., was born at +Penrhyn-dau-draeth, Merionethshire, in 1648. He received +his education at the free grammar schools of Oswestry and Bangor, +and in 1665, he was admitted a member of Jesus College, Oxford, +where he obtained a scholarship, and afterwards a fellowship; he +proceeded regularly through his degrees, and became rector of +Llanvrothen, which he left in 1672 for the living of +Trawsfynydd. Having been made a canon of Bangor, he was +installed dean of the same cathedral in 1680, and in 1689, he was +raised to the bishopric, from which he was translated to the see +of Hereford in 1701. His death took place in 1712. He +was a person of excellent virtues during the whole course of his +life, and an example of piety, and strictly attentive to the +duties of his high station.</p> +<p><i>George</i>, <i>Lord Jefferies</i>, <i>Baron Wem</i>, was +the son of John Jefferies, Esq., of Acton, in Denbighshire, where +he was born in the beginning of the seventeenth century. He +received his education at Shrewsbury School, and Westminster, and +was entered at the Middle Temple to study law. His +father’s family being <a name="page22"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 22</span>large, his allowance was consequently +very scanty, but his industry and ingenuity supplied all +deficiencies. On commencing his professional career, he was +made a citizen of London through the interest of a relation; and +he was subsequently chosen recorder of the corporation. +This high station recommended him to the notice of the court, and +furthered his advancement. He was appointed successively a +Welsh Judge, and Chief Justice of Chester, and created a +baronet. Having been appointed Chief Justice of the +King’s Bench, he was employed to prosecute the adherents of +the Duke of Monmouth, which office he executed with great +cruelty, and for his zeal in this service he was rewarded by the +vindictive and cold-hearted James with the post of Lord High +Chancellor. It is acknowledged, however, that he showed +himself an able and impartial judge in cases which were not +connected with politics. On the accession of William the +Third, he was committed to the Tower, where he died in April, +1689. He was succeeded in his title and estates by his only +son, whose daughter was married to Earl Pomfret; and after his +death, she presented the noble collection, known by the name of +Pomfret marbles, to the University of Oxford.</p> +<p><i>William Lleyn</i> was a very celebrated Welsh bard, and +flourished in the reign of Queen Elizabeth. He was a native +of Llangain in Lleyn, in Caernarvonshire. He excelled all +the bards of his time in sublimity of <a name="page23"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 23</span>thought and poetic fire, and was much +admired for the sprightliness of his wit. His compositions +are remarkable for grave sentences, and maxims of policy and +wisdom. He had a poetical contest with Owain Gwynedd, a +contemporary bard, which is still extant, besides several other +pieces which have never been published. He died at +Oswestry.</p> +<p><i>David Jenkins</i> was born at Hensol, in Glamorganshire, in +1586. He was educated at Edmund Hall, Oxford, and entered +at Gray’s Inn. Being called to the bar, he was +subsequently made a Welsh Judge, and continued in this office +until he was taken prisoner by the parliamentary forces at +Hereford, and imprisoned in the Tower of London. Having +rendered himself obnoxious to the parliament, in consequence of +his having condemned, when judge, several who had taken arms +against the King, he was brought before the House of Commons; +whose authority he denied, and called the whole assembly a den of +thieves; being provoked by this language, they voted him guilty +of high treason, and sentenced him to be hanged; on which he +undauntedly observed that he would suffer with the Bible under +one arm and Magna Charta under the other. He escaped +however this punishment, but was fined 1,000<i>l.</i> for +contempt, and his estates were confiscated. He was +committed to Newgate, where he remained until the Restoration; +but it does not appear <a name="page24"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 24</span>that he obtained any reward for his +courage and fidelity from the forgetful Charles. He died in +1667, at Cambridge.</p> +<p><i>Sir Leoline Jenkins</i>, L.L.D., was born in 1623, at +Llantrisaint, in the county of Glamorgan, and was educated at +Jesus College, Oxford. When the civil war broke out, he +took arms for the King, and upon the failure of the royal cause +he left the kingdom. On the Restoration he returned to +Jesus College, and was elected fellow, and in 1661, he became the +principal. He was afterwards admitted an advocate at +Doctors’ Commons; and with other eminent civilians he was +appointed to review the maritime laws, and to compile a body of +rules for the adjudication of prizes, which became the standard +of the Court of Admiralty. He was made judge of the same +court in 1665, and in 1668, of the Prerogative Court in +Canterbury. He was likewise sent on an embassy to the +Dutch. On his return he was chosen member for the +University of Oxford, sworn of the privy council, and appointed +secretary of state, which office he resigned in 1684. On +the accession of James, he was again elected member for Oxford, +but was prevented by ill health from sitting in that parliament, +and died in 1685. His letters and papers were collected and +published by W. Wynne, in two folio volumes; and all his estate +was bequeathed by him for charitable uses, and chiefly to Jesus +College.</p> +<p><a name="page25"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +25</span><i>Thomas Johnes</i> was born of an ancient Welsh family +in Ludlow, in 1748. He was educated at Eton, and Jesus +College, Oxford, where he proceeded to his Master’s +degree. He was the proprietor of the estate of Havod, in +Cardiganshire, where he built a splendid mansion, and occupied +himself there in planting trees, and otherwise improving his +property. He also devoted himself to literary pursuits, the +fruits of which are elegant editions of the “Chronicles of +Froissart and Monstrelet,” and several other works, all of +which he himself translated from the French, and printed at his +own establishment at Havod. He first obtained a seat in +parliament for the borough of Cardigan, and afterwards for the +county of Radnor; he was likewise auditor for Wales, and colonel +of the Caermarthenshire militia. In 1807, his library, +consisting of the finest typographical productions, and +containing a number of valuable Welsh manuscripts, was burnt in a +fire which nearly destroyed the whole house. He died in +1816.</p> +<p><i>Edward Jones</i>, D.D., was born near the town of +Montgomery, and was educated at Westminster School, whence he was +elected to Trinity College, Cambridge, where he was chosen fellow +in 1667. He became master of Kilkenny College, and dean of +Lismore, in Ireland, and was made bishop of Cloyne, and in 1692 +he was translated to the see of St. Asaph. His translation +<a name="page26"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 26</span>to this +diocese was entirely owing to his being a native of the +country. He died at Westminster in 1703.</p> +<p>[For an account of Edward Jones, Bardd y Brenin,—see +<i>Addenda</i>.]</p> +<p><i>Owen Jones</i>, the distinguished Welsh antiquary, whose +name will be ever associated with the Welsh language, was born in +Llanvihangel Glyn-y-myvyr, Denbighshire, in 1741. In early +life he removed to London, and entered the employment of an +eminent furrier, whom he eventually succeeded. Being +enthusiastically interested in the antiquities of his native +country, he devoted a great portion of his time to the collecting +of Welsh manuscripts; and the result of his disinterested +patriotism has been the publication of the “Archaiology of +Wales,” in three volumes, entirely at his own +expense. He also procured transcripts of ancient Welsh +poetry, amounting to fifty volumes, quarto, which invaluable +collection is now deposited in the Cymmrodorion Library, in +London. He published the works of the famous poet, Davydd +ap Gwilym, and also “Dihewyd y Cristion.” In +1772, Mr. Jones, formed the Gwyneddigion Society, for the purpose +of patronizing the Bards of Wales, and promoting the study of the +Welsh language; and this excellent society annually offers prize +medals, and other rewards for compositions on various +subjects. After a most useful and active life, <a +name="page27"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 27</span>this amiable +man, whose zeal was only equalled by his private worth, died at +his house in Thames-street, London, September, 1814, in the +seventy-third year of his age.</p> +<p><i>Inigo Jones</i>, whose proper name was Ynyr, which in his +travels in Italy, he Italianized into Inigo, was born at +Llanrwst, Denbighshire, about the year 1572. Being +originally destined for a mechanical employment, he emerged from +obscurity by dint of talent, which recommended him to the Earl of +Pembroke, a great patron of the fine arts, who also supplied him +with the means of visiting Italy, for the purpose of studying +landscape painting. While at Venice, the works of Paladio +inspired him with a taste for architecture, in the practice of +which he arrived at unrivalled excellence. His reputation +recommended him to the notice of Christiern the Fourth, King of +Denmark, who bestowed on him the post of first architect. +Having returned to England, he was appointed architect to the +Queen, and Prince Henry, and afterwards to the Board of +Works. His acknowledged taste in classical architecture +obtained for him sufficient employment from court, and many of +the nobility and gentry, so that he realized a handsome +fortune. Many proofs exist of the elegant taste of this +great architect; and he was also commissioner for the repairing +of St. Paul’s Cathedral, all of which was ruined by the +great fire; <a name="page28"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +28</span>but it was subsequently rebuilt after Jones’s +original design. During the civil war he was forced to pay +a fine on account of his known attachment to the royal family; +and being distressed at the ruin of the royal cause, and worn +down with suffering and old age, he died in July, 1652. He +was a good geometrician, and well skilled in various branches of +literature and science; but as an author he only published a +curious treatise, to attempt to prove that Stonehenge was a Roman +temple.</p> +<p><i>John Jones</i>, L.L.D., an eminent divine and philologist, +was a native of Caermarthenshire. He was educated at the +Dissenting College of Hackney; and he became tutor in several +Dissenting academies successively in Wales and England. He +finally settled in London, where he spent his time in editing his +numerous works; among the most popular of which are his +“Greek and English Lexicon,” and his +“Grammar,” both Greek and Latin, besides other works +on education; and he likewise was held in great esteem as a +private tutor. He died in London in 1827.</p> +<p><i>William Jones</i>, an eminent mathematician, was born in +the Isle of Anglesey in 1680. At a very early age he +applied himself diligently to the study of mathematics; and in +his twenty-second year he published a “Compendium of the +Art of Navigation,” which was much approved of. He +began his career in teaching <a name="page29"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 29</span>these sciences on board of a +man-of-war; and he was present at the capture of Vigo. On +his return to England, he gave instructions in the mathematics in +London, and having attracted the notice of some influential men, +he was appointed by Lord Hardwicke secretary of the peace. +He enjoyed the friendship of the great mathematicians and writers +of the age, among whom were Newton, Halley, Head, and Dr. +Johnson. He was member of the Royal Society, and then +vice-president. He was author of several valuable papers on +mathematics, which were published in the Philosophical +Transactions. He died of a polypus in the heart in July, +1749.</p> +<p>Sir <i>William Jones</i>, the celebrated oriental scholar, was +the son of the subject of the preceding article, and was born in +London, September, 1746. He received his early education at +Harrow School, where he was sent in his eighth year. He +very soon attracted the notice of the masters by his splendid +genius; and in 1764, he was entered at University College, +Oxford. While here, he supported, at his own expense, a +native of Aleppo, for the purpose of acquiring the true +pronunciation of the Arabic. And having undertaken the +office of tutor to Lord Althorpe, he went with him to the German +Spa, where he perfected himself in the German language; and on +his return, he distinguished himself by translating the +“Life of Nadir Shah” into French, <a +name="page30"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 30</span>which +language he wrote with much elegance. He obtained a college +fellowship, and afterwards entered himself as a law student in +the Temple. In 1772, he published some poems, and in the +same year was elected a fellow of the Royal Society; and in 1774, +he was called to the bar; about two years after, he was made +commissioner of bankrupts. In the mean time, he published +several works, chiefly in oriental literature, which excited the +admiration of the world; and at the same time he was advancing +rapidly in professional reputation. In an election for the +University of Oxford he offered himself as a candidate, where, +however, though respectably supported, he did not succeed. +On the accession of the Shelburne administration, he obtained +what had long been the summit of his ambition—the +appointment of Judge in the Supreme Court of Judicature in +Bengal, to which he was nominated in 1783, and received the +honour of knighthood. He married Miss Shipley, the daughter +of the Bishop of St. Asaph; and in the same year he arrived at +Calcutta. While in India, he wrote numerous translations +from the Hindostanee, and formed there a society, similar to the +Royal Society of London, of which he was chosen the first +president. He next undertook to compile a complete digest +of the Hindoo and Mohammedan laws, which was not however +completed by him. In 1794, he was seized with an +inflammation of the <a name="page31"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +31</span>liver, and died on the 27th of April, in the +forty-eighth year of his age. Few men have died more +respected and lamented than Sir William Jones: his genius and +profound learning had attracted the praise of all; and as a +linguist, he has not been surpassed, for he knew no less than +twenty-nine languages, and most of them critically. All his +works were collected and published by his widow, in six volumes, +quarto.</p> +<p><i>Lloyd</i>, <i>Lord Kenyon</i>, was born in Gredington, +Flintshire, in 1732. He was the second son of a gentleman +of independent fortune, and was originally intended to be brought +up as a solicitor, and he was under the instruction of an eminent +lawyer at Nantwich. In consequence of the death of an elder +brother, he was entered at the Middle Temple, and after being +called to the bar, he attended various circuits before he +obtained any practice, which caused him to despair of succeeding +in his profession, and think of applying himself to divinity, and +taking orders. Active attention, however, and indefatigable +industry, brought him at length to notice and extensive +practice. He confined himself afterwards entirely to the +Court of Chancery, where he obtained the most distinguished +celebrity, although he ranked high as a common lawyer. He +conducted the defence of Lord George Gordon, when he was tried +for high treason. In 1780 he was appointed Lord Chief +Justice of Chester, and he twice filled the <a +name="page32"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 32</span>office of +Attorney-general. On the death of Sir John Sewell, he +accepted the office of Master of the Rolls, and in 1788 he +succeeded Lord Mansfield as Lord Chief Justice of the +King’s Bench, where he gave the greatest satisfaction by +his integrity and able administration of justice. He died +in 1802, in his seventieth year.</p> +<p><i>David Lloyd</i>, L.L.D., was born at Llanidloes, +Montgomeryshire, in the year 1603. He was entered at the +age of fourteen at All Soul’s College, Oxford, where he +afterwards became a fellow. Having taken orders, he +obtained the rectory of Trevdraeth, in Anglesea, in 1641, which +he resigned on his presentation to Llangynhaval in the following +year, and became successively vicar of Llanvair, in Dyfryn Clwyd, +and warden of Ruthin, and prebendary of Chester; out of all of +which he was ejected after the breaking out of the civil war, and +for his loyalty he was a great sufferer. On the accession +of Charles the Second, he was restored to his benefices, and +promoted to the deanery of St. Asaph in 1660. He was +esteemed an ingenious man, and a good poet; and he published +several pieces which were prized for their wit. He died at +Ruthin in September, 1663.</p> +<p><i>David Lloyd</i>, M.A., was born at Trawsvynydd, +Merionethshire, in 1635, and educated at Ruthin School. He +removed thence to Oriel College, Oxford, <a +name="page33"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 33</span>where he +graduated, and obtained a college living. He subsequently +retired to Wales, where he was appointed chaplain to Bishop +Barrow, who, besides other preferment, gave him a canonry in the +diocese of St. Asaph. He was afterwards vicar of Northop, +where he resided for several years; he published several works, +of which the principal are “Worthies of the World,” +1665, octavo; “Memories of Statesmen and Favourites of +England,” octavo. He was zealous and industrious in +the discharge of his clerical duties, and esteemed by all for his +charitable disposition. On finding his health decaying, he +retired to the place of his nativity, where he died in 1691.</p> +<p><i>Henry Lloyd</i> was the son of a clergyman in Wales, where +he was born in 1729. His early education he received from +his father, who instructed him in the classics and +mathematics. Being intended for the army, he went abroad, +and was at the battle of Fontenoy; he afterwards travelled in +Germany, and resided in Austria for some years, where he was +appointed aid-de-camp to Marshal Lascy, and received higher +promotion. In 1760 he commanded a large detachment of +cavalry and infantry, which was destined to observe the motions +of the Prussians. He executed this service with great +success; but soon after, for some reason, he threw up his +commission in disgust. He was next employed by the King of +Prussia, and <a name="page34"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +34</span>served in two campaigns until the peace. On the +breaking out of the war between the Turks and Russians, he +offered his services to Catherine the Second, who made him a +major-general, and he greatly distinguished himself at the seige +of Silistria in 1774, and subsequently he had the command of +30,000 men in the war with Sweden. After his return to +England, he published several works on military tactics, which +are highly thought of, and placed him in a high rank as a +military writer. He died at Huy, in the Netherlands, in +1783.</p> +<p><i>Hugh Lloyd</i>, D.D., was a native of South Wales, where he +was born in the year 1589, and having been brought up for the +church, and having received an University education, he became +rector of Llangatoc, in Breconshire, and archdeacon of St. +David’s. In 1660 he was advanced to the bishopric of +Llandav, where he continued until his death, which took place in +1667, and he was buried in his cathedral.</p> +<p><i>Humffrey Lloyd</i>, D.D., was born in 1610, at Trawsvynydd, +Merionethshire. He received an academical education; and +having taken orders, he became in time, a prebendary of York, and +vicar of Rhiwabon, in Denbighshire, and likewise a prebendary of +Chester; out of which he was ejected in the great rebellion; but +living to be restored in 1660, he was made canon of St. Asaph the +following year, and in 1667 dean of <a name="page35"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 35</span>the same cathedral; in 1673 he was +raised to the bishopric of Bangor. He was a great +benefactor to his cathedral, and greatly increased the revenues +of his see. He died in 1688.</p> +<p><i>John Lloyd</i>, D.D., was a native of Caermarthenshire, +where he was born in 1638. He was entered at Merton +College, Oxford, whence he removed to Jesus College, where he +graduated, and of which in time he became prebendary. He +also discharged the office of vice-chancellor in that University +with great satisfaction, and was held in high esteem for his +piety and learning. In 1686 he was promoted to the +bishopric of St. David’s, but by reason of ill health he +removed to Oxford, and died at Jesus College in 1687.</p> +<p><i>Nicholas Lloyd</i>, an eminent divine, and philological +writer, was born in Flintshire in 1634. He received his +education at Winchester School, and Wadham College, Oxford, where +he obtained a fellowship. He was for some years rector of +Newington Butts, near London, to which he had been appointed by +the Bishop of Worcester, to whom he was chaplain. He died +there in 1680. He published an excellent and highly +esteemed “Historical and Geographical Dictionary,” in +Latin, which has been the basis of many similar compilations.</p> +<p><i>William Lloyd</i>, D.D., an eminent prelate, was the son of +the Rev. Richard Lloyd, Rector of Tilehurst, <a +name="page36"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 36</span>Berks, who +came from Henblas, in Anglesea, and was born at his +father’s living in 1627. At the early age of eleven +he was entered at Oriel College, Oxford, whence he removed to New +College, and subsequently to Jesus College, where he became +successively a scholar and fellow. Having taken orders in +1648, he was presented to the rectory of Bradfield, Berks, in +1654, which he afterwards resigned. He was appointed +chaplain to Charles the Second, and prebendary of Salisbury, then +rector of St. Mary’s, in Reading, and archdeacon of +Merioneth; four years after, he was made dean of Bangor. +After various other preferment, he was advanced to the bishopric +of St. Asaph in 1680. He was one of the seven bishops who +were committed to the Tower for subscribing and presenting a +petition to King James, deprecating his assumed power of +suspending the laws against popery. Bishop Lloyd having +heartily concurred in the Revolution, was appointed lord almoner +to King William, and in 1692 he was translated to Lichfield and +Coventry, and thence in 1699 to Worcester. His writings, +which relate to history and divinity are greatly prized, and are +distinguished for the learning and acute judgment exhibited in +them. He died in 1717.</p> +<p><i>William Lloyd</i>, D.D., was a native of Wales, and was +educated at St. John’s College, Cambridge, and graduated +there. Having taken orders, he obtained <a +name="page37"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 37</span>various +preferment, and in 1675 he was made bishop of Llandaff, from +whence he was translated to Peterborough in 1679, and thence in +1685 to the see of Norwich, out of which he was ejected for not +taking the oath to King William and Queen Mary. He retired +to Hammersmith, near London, where he died in 1710.</p> +<p><i>Edward Llwyd</i>, M.A., an eminent British antiquary and +naturalist, was a native of Cardiganshire, where he was born +about 1670. At the age of seventeen, he was entered at +Jesus College, Oxford, where he graduated. He succeeded Dr. +Plot, the keeper of the Ashmolean Museum, and applied himself +with great diligence to the study of the language of the early +Britons, and for that purpose he travelled in the countries where +it still remained. After having visited Ireland, Scotland, +Cornwall, and Bretagne, and making himself perfect in the various +dialects, he published the results of his accurate observations +in the “Archæologia Britannica,” which was the +first volume of a series on a great plan, which he did not live +to carry on; and his death taking place before the ample +materials which he had provided were properly arranged for the +press, the whole of his manuscripts were sold to Sir Thomas +Sebright, but not before Jesus College and the University had +refused to purchase them. They subsequently came to the +possession of Colonel Johnes, of <a name="page38"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 38</span>Havod, and were mostly burnt in the +fire which nearly destroyed that gentleman’s mansion. +He died in 1709. He was also author of “Lithophylacii +Britannici Ichnographia,” and a catalogue of the +manuscripts in the Ashmolean Museum, besides several papers +published in the Philosophical Transactions.</p> +<p><i>Humfrey Lloyd</i>, M.A., a learned antiquary and historian, +was born in the town of Denbigh in 1527. He was entered a +gentleman commoner of Brazen-nose College, Oxford, where he +graduated in 1551, and studied medicine. He returned to his +native place, where he practised his profession, and also +represented it in parliament. He was highly esteemed by +Camden, and the geographer Ortelius, to whom he addressed his +“Commentarioli Britannicæ descriptionis +fragmentum,” published at Cologne in 1572. He also +translated Caradog of Llancarvan’s “History of +Cambria,” which was edited by Dr. Powel, in 1584, quarto, +and he was author of a letter “De Monâ Druidum +Insulâ antiquitati suæ restitutâ.” +He died in 1568.</p> +<p><i>Christopher Love</i>, an eminent Presbyterian divine, was +born at Caerdiff, in 1618. He was originally intended for +trade, and was apprenticed in London; but his father was +persuaded afterwards to give him an University education, and +accordingly he was entered at New-Inn Hall, Oxford, where he +proceeded in due order to his degrees of bachelor and master of +arts, <a name="page39"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 39</span>and +entered the church. Upon his refusal to subscribe to the +canons which were enjoined by Archbishop Laud, he was expelled +the congregation of masters. Upon the establishment of the +Presbyterian government, he was ordained to preach at St. +Mary’s, Aldermanbury; and he was one of the commissioners +appointed by parliament at the treaty of Uxbridge. He was +one of the London ministers who signed a declaration against +putting the King to death, and subsequently he took an active +share in a conspiracy to place Charles the Second on the throne, +which was detected by the vigilance of Cromwell; and Mr. Love was +tried, and beheaded on Tower-hill in August, 1651.</p> +<p><i>Richard Lucas</i>, D.D., an excellent divine, and classical +scholar, was born at Presteign, Radnorshire, in 1648. He +received an University education at Jesus College, Oxford, where +he graduated. In 1683 he was elected by the parishioners to +the lectureship of St. Olave’s, Southwark, and the vicarage +of St. Stephen’s, Coleman-street. He obtained +afterwards a stall in Westminster, which he held for nineteen +years. His writings consist of sermons and various other +theological works.</p> +<p><i>Francis Mansel</i> was the third son of Sir Francis Mansel, +of Muddlescomb, Caermarthenshire, where he was born in +1588. He was educated at Hereford School, and Jesus +College, Oxford. He became a fellow of All <a +name="page40"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 40</span>Souls, and in +1620 he was elected principal of Jesus College. He was +ejected from his office at the parliamentary visitation in 1648, +and he retired to Wales, where he assisted the royal cause with +his greatest exertions, and consequently exposed himself to the +persecutions of the parliamentary party. He was a very +great benefactor to his college, and considerably increased its +revenues, and he obtained besides for it a valuable +library. He died in May, 1665.</p> +<p><i>Henry Maurice</i>, D.D., an eminently learned and talented +divine, was born in 1648, at Llangristiolus, in Anglesea. +He was sent to Jesus College, Oxford, in his sixteenth year, +where his abilities and great merit recommended him to the notice +of the principal, Sir Leoline Jenkins, who made him a scholar of +the college, and afterwards fellow. When Sir Leoline was +sent on an embassy to Cologne, he appointed Mr. Maurice to be his +chaplain, in which station he gave the greatest satisfaction by +his diligent attention to his duties; and on his return to +England, he became acquainted with Dr. Lloyd, afterwards bishop +of St. Asaph, who recommended him to Archbishop Sancroft, and he +was appointed his chaplain, and soon after rector of Newington, +and prebendary of Chichester. He published some treatises +against popery; and in 1691 he was elected Lady Margaret’s +professor of <a name="page41"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +41</span>divinity in Oxford. He died suddenly in 1693, at +Newington. It was observed when Dr. Maurice was appointed +chaplain to the Archbishop, that several of the highest offices +in church and state had been filled by Welshmen. Dr. Dolben +was Archbishop of York, Dr. Lloyd Bishop of St. Asaph, Sir George +Jefferies Lord Chancellor, Sir Leoline Jenkins Secretary of +State, Sir Thomas Jones Lord Chief Justice, Sir John Trevor +Master of the Rolls, and Sir William Williams Speaker of the +House of Commons.</p> +<p><i>Thomas Maurice</i>, the celebrated orientalist, was a +member of a respectable Welsh family. On the death of his +father, who had been a master in Christ’s Hospital for +twenty-six years, Thomas, the eldest of six children, was +admitted on the foundation there, but he was afterwards removed +to various seminaries in the country for the benefit of his +health; the last of which was the celebrated one of Dr. +Parr’s, at Stanmore-hill. At the age of nineteen he +was entered at St. John’s College, Oxford, whence he +subsequently removed to University College, and here he commenced +author at an early period, by publishing a translation of +“Sophaclis Ædipus Tyrannus,” which gained him +great credit; this was soon followed by some other pieces of +verse and prose. On taking orders, he obtained the curacy +of Woodford, in Essex, and afterwards he purchased a chaplaincy +in the ninety-seventh <a name="page42"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 42</span>regiment. In 1783 he commenced +the arduous undertaking of his “History of India,” +the various volumes of which appeared successively at different +times—the last in 1804. He was presented by Earl +Spencer to the vicarage of Wormleighton, in Warwickshire, in +1799; and the appointment of assistant librarian to the British +Museum was also bestowed upon him; and in 1804 he was presented +to the living of Cudham, Kent, by the Lord Chancellor. He +died at his rooms in the Museum, March 30th, 1824. Besides +his great works on India, he was the author of numerous poems, +dissertations, and other miscellanies, all of which ranked him +high as a literary character.</p> +<p><i>Rowland Meyrick</i>, L.L.D., was born at Bodorgan, in +Anglesea, in 1505. He was educated at Oxford, where he +subsequently became principal of New-Inn Hall; and after holding +various preferments, he was advanced to the bishopric of Bangor +in 1559, where he died in 1565.</p> +<p><i>Sir Hugh Middleton</i>, well known as the maker of the New +River, London, was the son of Richard Middleton, Esq., governor +of Denbigh Castle, under Edward the Sixth, Mary, and +Elizabeth. Having settled in London as a goldsmith, he made +several successful speculations in some mines in Cardiganshire, +and became an alderman. Observing the scarcity of good +water in London, he took entirely upon himself to <a +name="page43"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 43</span>supply the +metropolis with a stream of pure water; for the corporation, with +all its wealth, conceiving the undertaking to be too difficult, +refused to have any share in it. He, however, patriotically +persevered; and after almost the ruin of his own fortune, he +succeeded in obtaining assistance from the King for a share, and +it was completed. The water was let in before an immense +concourse on Michaelmas-day, in 1613. He was knighted, and +in 1622 he was created a baronet. His death took place in +1631.</p> +<p><i>Robert Morgan</i>, D.D., was born at Llandysilio, +Montgomeryshire, in 1608. He was entered at Jesus College, +and thence he removed to St. John’s College, Cambridge, +where he graduated. Having taken orders, he became chaplain +to Bishop Dolben, who preferred him, in 1632, to the vicarage of +Llanwnog, Montgomeryshire, and rectory of Llangynhaval. He +was afterwards prebendary of Chester, vicar of Llanvair, +Denbighshire, and rector of Trevdraeth, and Llandyvnan, in +Anglesea; out of all which he was ejected during the usurpation +of Cromwell, during which he was a great sufferer for his +loyalty. In 1660 he was restored to his benefices, and was +promoted to the archdeaconry of Meirioneth; and in 1666 he was +raised to the bishopric of Bangor. He died in 1673, and was +buried in his cathedral, which had been greatly improved at his +cost.</p> +<p><a name="page44"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +44</span><i>William Morgan</i>, D.D., the first translator of the +Bible into the Welsh language, was born at Penmachno, +Caernarvonshire, and was educated at St. John’s College, +Cambridge. He was vicar of Welsh-pool, in Montgomeryshire, +and obtained other preferment. Having occasion to go to +London to see Archbishop Whitgift, his grace conceived a high +opinion of his abilities, and appointed him his chaplain. +At the Archbishop’s desire, he undertook a translation of +the Bible into Welsh, which was published in 1588, black letter, +folio. The New Testament was only corrected by him from a +translation by William Salusbury, a Denbighshire gentleman, who +first published the Epistles and Gospels for the whole year, in +Edward the Sixth’s time. Queen Elizabeth rewarded Dr. +Morgan with the bishopric of Llandaff, in 1595, and he was +translated to the see of St. Asaph in 1601. He died in +1604.</p> +<p><i>Hugh Morris</i>, one of the first of Welsh poets, was born +at Pont-y-Meibion, in Denbighshire, in the year 1622. Being +a younger son, he was apprenticed by his father, who was a +respectable freeholder, to a tanner in Flintshire. He did +not carry on his trade, but lived a life of retirement in the +cultivation of his talent for poetry, of which he has left us +splendid memorial. The productions of his pen are numerous; +and these valuable poems have been patriotically collected <a +name="page45"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 45</span>and published +by an eminent Welsh scholar and divine, in two volumes. +Hugh Morris, on the breaking out of the civil war, was a stanch +friend to royalty, and he exerted all the powers of his pen in +its support, and there is no doubt but that his writings had +great influence over the minds of the common people, ever +attached to poetry. His satirical poems, where he lashes +the religious cant and vile hypocrisy of the times, are +unequalled for the keen wit and cutting irony, which he handles +in so masterly a manner. He was universally esteemed for +his great abilities and excellent character, and always exercised +his influence in behalf of justice and benevolence, and in the +furtherance of religion. He died at the place of his birth +in 1709, in the eighty-seventh year of his age.</p> +<p><i>Lewis Morris</i>, an eminent poet and antiquary, was born +in the Isle of Anglesea in the year 1702. In his youth he +received but a slender education; but, however, he and three +other brothers, through self-instruction, and cultivation of +their natural talent, became eminent characters in various +branches of knowledge and science. He was chiefly employed +in the service of government; and in 1737 he was appointed by the +admiralty to survey the coast of Wales, which he accomplished +with great satisfaction, and an account of it was published in +1748. At the same period he had the appointment of the +surveyorship of the crown lands <a name="page46"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 46</span>in Wales, and in 1750 he had the +additional offices of superintendent and agent of the +King’s mines in the principality. He was a very good +poet in his native language, and several of his productions have +been published. As an antiquary he was eminently skilful, +and it is greatly to be lamented that a valuable work entitled +“Celtic Remains,” which he left in manuscript, has +never been sent to the press, as his acute and learned remarks +would be a great addition to illustrate our national +antiquities. He collected about eighty volumes of Welsh +manuscripts, which are now deposited in the Welsh School Library, +in London. He died in 1765, in Cardiganshire.</p> +<p><i>Goronwy Owen</i>, A.M., was born about the year 1722, at +Llanvair Mathavarn Eithav, in Anglesea. His parents being +in a humble condition, were not able to bestow upon him a proper +education in his youth, but his great abilities and industry +overcame every obstacle. He was at a respectable seminary +at Pwllheli, where he became second master, and from thence he +removed to Oxford. He was ordained deacon in 1745, and for +a short time he held the curacy of his native parish, where he +enjoyed great happiness among his friends and early +acquaintances. He was obliged to resign this, to make room +for a friend of the bishop’s chaplain, who had appointed +him to it, and this took place with the bishop’s +sanction. He next removed <a name="page47"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 47</span>to the neighbourhood of Oswestry, and +soon after he was appointed curate of Oswestry. In the year +1748, he became curate of Donington, in Shropshire, where he kept +also a school in order to add to his small income, and support an +increasing family. Here he composed “Cowydd y +Varn,” one of his most celebrated pieces; and what portion +of time he could spare from the drudgery of school-keeping, he +spent in the study of Hebrew, Arabic, Syriac, and Chaldee. +In 1733 he removed to the curacy of Watton, in Lancashire. +His great desire was to obtain even the smallest preferment in +any part of his native country, but he was disappointed and +neglected; and in 1755 he resigned his curacy and went to London, +where his countrymen had an intention of building a Welsh church, +and to which he was to be appointed minister. When this +plan did not succeed, he became curate of Northold, where he +remained two years, when an offer was made to him of preferment +in America; and by the assistance of the Cymmrodorion in London, +he crossed the Atlantic, to St. Andrew’s, in Virginia; here +he settled for some time, but afterwards removed to New +Brunswick, and from thence to Williamsburg. The time of his +death is not well known. This talented man was one of the +greatest poets that ever appeared among the Welsh, and his +poetical works were printed, with other productions, in a volume, +under the title of “Diddanwch Teuluaidd.”</p> +<p><a name="page48"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +48</span><i>Henry Owen</i>, an eminent divine and philologist, +was the son of a gentleman of fortune, in Merionethshire, where +he was born, at Tanygader, in 1716. He was educated at +Ruthin Grammar school, from whence he removed to Jesus College, +Oxford. He originally intended to practise physic, but +entered into orders, and after various preferment, he became +rector of St. Olave, Hart-street, London, and vicar of Edmonton, +Middlesex. His numerous works consist chiefly of +theological subjects, and he edited “Xenophon’s +Memorabilia,” “Critical Disquisitions,” and +“Critica Sacra, or Hebrew Criticism.” He also +furnished several papers to the “Archaiologia.” +His death took place in 1795.</p> +<p><i>John Owen</i>, the celebrated epigrammatist, was a native +of Caernarvonshire. He was educated at Winchester School, +and New College, Oxford, where he graduated L.L.D., and became a +fellow. He afterwards held the mastership of a +grammar-school, near Monmouth, whence he removed to a similar +situation in Warwick. While here, he distinguished himself +by his skill in Latin poetry, and more particularly +epigrams. This talent, however, did great harm, for he was +struck out of the will of a rich uncle for his satirical epigrams +on the church of Rome. He died in 1622, and he was buried +in St. Paul’s Cathedral, at the expense of Archbishop +Williams, by whom he was supported in the latter part of his +life. His epigrams <a name="page49"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 49</span>have been several times reprinted, +both in England, and on the Continent; they are justly admired +for their wit and purity of language.</p> +<p><i>John Owen</i>, D.D., the most eminent of Nonconformist +divines in this country, was descended of a respectable family in +North Wales, though born at Stadham, in Oxfordshire, in 1616, of +which place his father, a native of Wales, was vicar. He +was educated at Queen’s College, Oxford, where he was +supported by a rich uncle, living in North Wales; but who, being +a royalist, was offended at his nephew’s principles, and +died without leaving him anything. On the breaking out of +the civil war, he sided with the parliament, and became a +Presbyterian in his religious opinions; and his display of +Arminianism, which was published in 1642, so recommended him to +the prevailing party, that he was presented to the living of +Fordham, in Essex, and subsequently by the Earl of Warwick, at +the request of the parishioners, to that of Coggeshall, in the +same county. Having now acquired great celebrity, and +become acquainted with General Fairfax during the seige of +Colchester, he was appointed to preach at Whitehall the day after +the execution of Charles the First. He soon after became a +favourite with Cromwell, whom he accompanied on his expeditions +to Ireland and Scotland; and in 1651 he was appointed to the +deanery of Christ Church, Oxford, on which <a +name="page50"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 50</span>appointment +he received his doctor’s degree, and in 1652, Cromwell +being chancellor, Owen was made his vice-chancellor, which office +he held for five years. On the death of his patron, the +Protector, he was deprived of his office and deanery, through the +influence of the Presbyterian party, whom he had offended by +adopting the Independent mode of worship, which he thought more +conformable to the New Testament; and he published his reasons +for thinking so, in two volumes, quarto. On the +Restoration, his merit was so highly appreciated, that Lord +Clarendon offered him immediate preferment if he would conform, +which he respectfully declined. This eminent man died at +Ealing, Middlesex, in 1683. His works, which are of high +Calvinistic principles, are very numerous, amounting to seven +folio, twenty quarto, and thirty octavo volumes.</p> +<p><i>John Owens</i>, D.D., was the son of Owen Owens, of +Bodsilin, in Caernarvonshire, the last archdeacon of +Anglesea. He was born at Burton Latimers, Northamptonshire, +where his father was rector, and was educated at Jesus College, +Cambridge, of which he became a fellow, and succeeded to his +father’s living in 1618. He was appointed chaplain to +Charles the First, when he was Prince of Wales, who, on the +supposition that he was a Welshman, which he was in every respect +excepting the place of his nativity, preferred him to <a +name="page51"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 51</span>the bishopric +of St. Asaph in 1629. This excellent prelate was +distinguished for his incomparable skill in the Welsh language, +and for his pious zeal in promoting the good of his +diocese. He was the first who established there preaching +in Welsh, and laid out great sums of money in new building and +beautifying several parts of his cathedral, and especially in the +erection of an organ. Upon the breaking out of the civil +war, he was a great and extraordinary sufferer; and he died near +St. Asaph, 1651, and was buried under the episcopal throne, when +the church was used as a stable for horses and oxen. He was +author of “Herod and Pontius Pilate reconciled.”</p> +<p><i>Lewis Owen</i>, who distinguished himself by his writings +against the Jesuits, was born in Meirionethshire in 1572. +He went abroad, and entered the Society of Jesuits in Spain, but +being disgusted at their behaviour and principles, he withdrew +from them, and made use of the information which he had gained in +exposing them in his works, which are the “Running +Register.” “Unmasking of all popish +priests,” &c., and “Speculum Jesuiticum,” +which abound in details to their disadvantage. He died in +1631.</p> +<p><i>Morgan Owen</i>, D.D., was a native of South Wales, and was +educated at Oxford, where he graduated. Having taken +orders, he obtained various preferment, and in 1640 he was +installed bishop of Llandaff. On <a name="page52"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 52</span>the breaking out of the civil war, he +retired to Glasallt, Caermarthenshire, and was a very great +sufferer on account of his loyalty. On receiving the news +of the death of his patron, Archbishop Laud, he died suddenly +soon after he heard it, in 1645, and he was buried in the same +county.</p> +<p><i>John Humphreys Parry</i>, an ingenious antiquary, and one +of the most pleasing and learned writers of the present age, was +born at Mold, in Flintshire, in 1787, and his father was rector +of the neighbouring parish of Llanverras. After an +University education, he became a member of the Temple in 1807, +and in due time he was called to the bar in 1810. He +obtained considerable reputation in his profession, and gained +great praise by the publication of the “Cambro +Briton,” in three volumes, which appeared periodically, and +the value of which was greatly enhanced by his valuable and +judicious notes; he was the author also of the “Cambrian +Plutarch,” and several prize essays. He was appointed +the editor of the transactions of the London Cymmrodorion, a +volume of which appeared under his auspices. His native +country sustained a great loss by his death, which took place in +1825, in a most melancholy manner: a drunken man knocked him down +in the street; he fell with his head against the pavement, and +was killed upon the spot, leaving a wife and five children +unprovided for.</p> +<p><a name="page53"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +53</span><i>Richard Parry</i>, D.D., was born at Ruthin, +Denbighshire, in the year 1578, and was educated at Westminster +School, under Camden, from whence he was elected a student of +Christ Church, Oxford; at the age of nineteen, he became +chancellor of Bangor, vicar of Gresford, and then dean of +Bangor. On the accession of James the First, who had a high +opinion of his learning, he nominated him to the bishopric of St. +Asaph in 1604. He was a prelate of great learning and +piety; and he revised the Bible which was translated by Dr. +Morgan, and published a second edition in 1620, which is now the +standard of the Welsh translation of the Bible. He founded +a scholarship in Jesus College, Oxford, to be held by one who has +been educated at Ruthin School, where he was the second who held +the mastership after its foundation by Dean Goodman. He +died at Diserth, near St. Asaph, in September, 1623.</p> +<p><i>Thomas Pennant</i>, the celebrated antiquary and +naturalist, was born at Bychton, in Flintshire, in the year +1726. He studied at Queen’s College, Oxford, and he +afterwards removed to Oriel, which he left without taking a +degree. Being of an active and talented mind, he imbibed +early a taste for natural history; and the first effort of his +pen appeared in an account of an earthquake which was felt at +Downing, and it was published in the “Philosophical +Transactions.” In <a name="page54"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 54</span>1754 he was elected a fellow of the +Antiquarian Society, and in 1757, at the instance of the great +Linnæus, he was also elected fellow of the Royal Society at +Upsal. He published the first edition of his “British +Zoology” in 1761. He soon after visited the +Continent, where he became intimate with Buffon, Pallas, and +several other distinguished naturalists. In 1768 a new +edition of the British Zoology appeared, and it was successively +followed by his other works on Natural History, and “Tours +in Scotland and Wales.” In 1790 was published his +“Account of London,” which was received with great +avidity, and rapidly passed through several editions. His +works are very numerous, and will ever remain a lasting proof of +his splendid talents, both as an accurate observer of nature, and +diligent antiquary. Several of his works were translated +into German, and other Continental languages; and he was +frequently consulted by the great naturalists of his time, and +his opinions recorded in their publications. His accounts +have always been looked upon as most authentic; and he holds the +first rank as a writer from the popular and interesting style of +his narrative, and his incomparable skill in the selection of +subjects for illustration. He may be esteemed as one of the +greatest patrons of the art of engraving, for upwards of one +thousand plates were used in the embellishment of his +works. He <a name="page55"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +55</span>ended an active and useful life at the family seat of +Downing, near Holywell, in December, 1798.</p> +<p><i>Sir Thomas Picton</i>, a British general, was born at +Poyston, Pembrokeshire, in 1758. Having entered the army, +he served with great reputation in the West Indies; and his skill +and gallantry were conspicuously displayed in a long service of +forty-five years, both there, and in the marshes of Holland, and +in the peninsula of Spain and Portugal. On the morning of +the battle of Waterloo, he fell gloriously leading his division +to a charge of bayonets, by which one of the most serious attacks +made by the enemy was defeated. After his death a wound was +discovered, which he had received two days before, and which he +heroically concealed, having dressed it himself only with a piece +of torn handkerchief. He died greatly lamented, and his +meritorious life was distinguished for his zeal in the service of +his country.</p> +<p><i>Henry Parry</i> was born in Flintshire. He was +educated at Gloucester Hall, Oxford, where he took his degrees in +arts, and his degree of B.D., at Jesus College, in 1597. He +travelled much abroad, and on his return, he obtained the rectory +of Rhoscolyn, in Anglesea, in 1601, and in 1612 he was installed +canon of Bangor. He died in 1617. He augmented and +published a “Welsh Rhetoric, or Egluryn Fraethineb,” +which was originally written by William Salusbury, and is +commended by Dr. Davies.</p> +<p><a name="page56"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +56</span><i>Hester Lynch Piozzi</i>, was the daughter of John +Salusbury, of Bodvel, in Caernarvonshire. She was a +distinguished authoress, and well known as a friend of Johnson, +who made a Tour in Wales on a visit to her. She was first +married, in 1763, to Mr. Thrale, member of parliament for +Southwark, and after his death, she became the wife of Signor +Piozzi, a Florentine. Her works are rather numerous, but +the best known perhaps are her “Anecdotes of +Johnson,” with whom she was a great favourite until her +second marriage. She died a widow, at Clifton, in 1821, at +a very advanced age.</p> +<p><i>David Powel</i>, D.D., was a native of Denbighshire. +In 1568 he was sent to be educated at Oxford, and after the +erection of Jesus College, in 1571, he removed thither, and +having proceeded through his bachelor’s degree, he +graduated M.A. in 1576. Having taken orders, he obtained +the livings of Rhiwabon and Llanvyllin, and became a prebendary +of St. Asaph; in 1584 he was appointed chaplain to Sir Henry +Sidney, then president of Wales. His first work, +“Caradog’s History of Wales,” quarto, appeared +in 1584, which had been partly translated from the Welsh by +Humphrey Llwyd, and was finished by Powel, who illustrated it +with annotations. This was followed in the following year +by “Pontici Virunii Historia Britannica,” +octavo. He was also author of “De Britannica Historia +recte intelligenda Epistola ad Gul. Fleetwood, Civ. Lond. +Recordatorem.” He is said to have undertaken the <a +name="page57"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 57</span>compilation +of a Welsh Dictionary, but he died before it was completed, which +event took place in 1598.</p> +<p><i>John Price</i> was born of Welsh parents in London, in the +year 1600. He was educated at Westminster School, and +Christ Church, Oxford, whence he removed to Florence, having +become a Catholic, and he was there admitted doctor of civil +law. He held the appointment of keeper of the ducal cabinet +of medals and antiquities, and subsequently he became professor +of Greek at Pisa. He was a very ingenious and learned +critic, as his “Commentaries on the New Testament” +and “Notes on Apuleius” testify. He died at a +convent, in Rome, in the year 1676.</p> +<p><i>Richard Price</i>, D.D., was a native of Glamorganshire, +and was born at Llangunnor in 1723. He was educated at +Talgarth, and afterwards removed to a Presbyterian academy in +London. He became pastor of a congregation at Hackney; and +in 1769 he was complimented with the diploma of doctor in +divinity by the University of Glasgow. He was the author of +several mathematical, statistical, and political works; and for +one of them he was presented with a gold snuff-box, containing a +vote of thanks by the corporation of London. He was also +fellow of the Royal Society, in whose Transactions he wrote +several papers. He died in 1791.</p> +<p><i>Sir John Price</i>, L.L.D., was a native of +Breconshire. <a name="page58"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +58</span>He was a learned and ingenious antiquary, and was author +of “Historiæ Britannicæ Defensio,” +quarto, which was written in answer to Polydore Virgil, and was +published after his death by his son, in 1573. He was one +of the King’s council in the court of the marches, and was +one of the commissioners employed by Henry the Eighth, to survey +the monasteries that were to be dissolved. He died in +1553.</p> +<p><i>Robert Price</i>, D.D., an eminent prelate, was the son of +Colonel Price, of Rhiwlas, in Meirionethshire, where he was +born. He was educated at Christ Church, Oxford, and after +taking orders, was for some time vicar of Towyn, in +Meirionethshire, and afterwards chancellor of the diocese of +Bangor. He was promoted to the bishopric of Ferns, in +Ireland; and on the death of Bishop Roberts, in 1665, he was +nominated to succeed him in the see of Bangor; but his death took +place before his election was completed, and he was buried in the +cathedral church of St. Patrick, Dublin.</p> +<p><i>Rees Prichard</i>, the celebrated author of “Canwyll +y Cymry,” was born at Llanymddyvri, Caermarthenshire. +At the age of eighteen, he was entered at Jesus College, Oxford, +in 1597, and graduated B.A. in 1602, and obtained the vicarage of +his own parish. In 1613 he was instituted to the rectory of +Llanedy, in the diocese of St. David’s; and he was chaplain +to <a name="page59"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 59</span>the +Earl of Essex. In the following year he was made prebendary +of the collegiate church of Brecon, and in 1626 chancellor of St. +David’s. As long as the Welsh language endures, will +the memory of Prichard be kept with gratitude; and few +productions ever caused such a profitable and rapid change in +improving the morals of his countrymen. He died in +1644.</p> +<p><i>Edmund Prys</i>, M.A., a distinguished Welsh poet, was born +in the year 1541. After an academical education, he entered +the church, and in 1572 he was made rector of Festiniog, and in +1576 archdeacon of Meirioneth. In 1602 he obtained a +canonry in St. Asaph. He was a very learned man, and +particularly distinguished himself by an elegant metrical version +of the Psalms, which is still in use. There are also extant +fifty-four controversial poems between the Archdeacon and a +contemporary Bard, William Cynwal, both holding a high rank in +the first class of the Welsh poets of that age. It is also +said that Cynwal fell a victim to the poignancy of the +Archdeacon’s satire. The last poem of the fifty-four +is a most pathetic elegy, composed by Prys when the news of his +rival’s death reached him; he was also an elegant Latin +poet, and a specimen of his talent is prefixed to Dr. +Davies’s Welsh and Latin Grammar. He died at +Maentwrog about the year 1622.</p> +<p><a name="page60"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +60</span><i>Abraham Rees</i>, D.D., the author of the well known +Cyclopædia, which bears his name, was born at Montgomery, +in 1743. His father being a Dissenting minister, placed him +first under Dr. Jenkins, of Caermarthen, and subsequently at the +Hoxton Academy, where his brilliant talents and rapid progress +procured his being appointed at an early age mathematical tutor +to the institution, and afterwards resident tutor, which place he +retained for twenty-two years. He then removed, and became +resident tutor of the Natural Sciences at the Dissenting Academy +at Hackney, in 1786. He was minister of a Dissenting +congregation in St. Thomas’s, Southwark, and in the Old +Jewry. He was a fellow of the Royal and Linnean Societies, +and he obtained his doctor’s degree in Edinburgh, at the +express recommendation of the illustrious Robertson, the +historian. He was author of some other works, besides the +valuable and learned “Cyclopædia.” He +died in June, 1825, in his eighty-second year.</p> +<p><i>John Davydd Rhys</i>, M.D., an eminent grammarian, was born +in the Isle of Anglesea, in 1534. He was educated at Christ +Church, Oxford, and entered the medical profession; he removed to +Sienna, where he took his doctor’s degree. While +there, he greatly distinguished himself by his skill in the +Italian language, the fruits of which are “De Italicæ +linguæ pronunciatione,” which was printed in Padua, +and “Rules for <a name="page61"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 61</span>obtaining the Latin tongue,” +printed at Venice, in Italian. His valuable “Welsh +Grammar” was published in 1592, folio. His death took +place in the year 1609.</p> +<p><i>Peter Roberts</i>, an eminent divine, and writer on British +history, was born at Rhiwabon, Denbighshire, in 1760. He +was educated at the Grammar-school of St. Asaph, and removed +thence to Trinity College, Dublin, where his abilities soon +became conspicuous. He applied himself to the study of +astronomy and the oriental languages; and at one time it was +supposed that he would have succeeded Dr. Usher, as professor of +astronomy in that University. He became afterwards private +tutor to several noblemen and gentlemen of rank; and in 1800, was +published, his “Harmony of the Epistles,” a work of +exceedingly high character and labour, which the University of +Cambridge printed at their own expense. Having been +presented to the living of Llanarmon, he dedicated his leisure +time to the elucidation of the antiquities of his native +country. The fruits of his labours in this department are +well known—“Collectanea Cambrica,” “Early +History of the Cymry,” and “Cambrian Popular +Antiquities.” He was presented also with the living +of Madely, in Shropshire, by Lord Crew. The living of +Llanarmon he subsequently exchanged for the rectory of Halkin, +Flintshire, where he died in 1819. As an excellent <a +name="page62"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 62</span>critic in his +native language, and equally so in Hebrew and Rabbinical +learning, his works are a sufficient proof; and his +“Letters to Volney” show to advantage the depth of +his reasoning powers and scientific acquirements.</p> +<p><i>William Roberts</i>, D.D., was a native of Denbighshire, +where he was born in 1585. He was educated at Queen’s +College, Cambridge, where he became fellow, and subsequently +sub-dean of Wells, and rector of Llandyrnog. He was made +bishop of Bangor in 1637. During the great rebellion he +suffered much for his loyalty, and was deprived of all his +benefices, and all the church lands were sequestered; but, +however, he was restored to all in 1660. He was a great +benefactor to his cathedral, in which he erected an organ, and +bequeathed money for beautifying it. He founded an +exhibition for a scholar from the diocese of Bangor, in +Queen’s College, Cambridge, and a similar one in Jesus +College, Oxford. He left also 200<i>l.</i> to be +distributed among two parishes in the suburbs of London, which +were visited by the plague. He died near Denbigh, in the +year 1665.</p> +<p><i>Nicholas Robinson</i> was a native of Aberconwy, in +Caernarvonshire, and was educated at Queen’s College, +Cambridge, where he obtained a fellowship, and was appointed +chaplain to Parker, Archbishop of Canterbury. He was made +dean of Bangor in 1556, and <a name="page63"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 63</span>obtained the sinecure rectory of +Northop, in Flintshire, in 1562, and he was likewise archdeacon +of Meirioneth. In 1566 he was raised to the bishopric of +Bangor; and he held the living of Whitney, in Oxfordshire, in +commendam. He died in 1585.</p> +<p><i>Henry Rowlands</i>, D.D., was born in Mellteyrn, in +Caernarvonshire, in 1551, and was educated at New College, +Oxford. He obtained the rectory of his native parish in +1572, and subsequently of Launton, in Oxfordshire. He was +advanced to the deanery of Bangor in 1593, and was consecrated +bishop of the same diocese in 1598. He was a most +munificent benefactor to his cathedral, and bestowed great sums +in improving and adorning it. He also founded two +fellowships in Jesus College, Oxford; and bequeathed money for +the foundation of a school in his native place. He died in +1616.</p> +<p><i>Henry Rowlands</i>, B.A., the author of the valuable and +learned work entitled “Mona Antiqua Restaurata,” was +a native of the Isle of Anglesea. Having taken orders, he +became vicar of Llanidan. He devoted his leisure time to +the examination of the antiquities which abound in his native +island; and his researches afford important information +concerning the language and manners of the Cymmry. He +endeavours to prove that Môn was the metropolitan seat of +the Druids; and his work first appeared in 1723, and a second <a +name="page64"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 64</span>edition was +published in London, in 1766. He died in 1722.</p> +<p><i>Grufydd Roberts</i>, a learned grammarian, distinguished +himself by the publication of a valuable “Welsh +Grammar,” which was printed at Milan, in 1567. +Nothing is known of his history, besides that he was educated at +Sienna, in Italy, under the patronage of William Herbert, Earl of +Pembroke.</p> +<p><i>William Salusbury</i>, an eminent antiquary, was a native +of Denbighshire, where he was born in the reign of Queen +Elizabeth. He was educated at Oxford, and entered the +profession of the law. He assisted in translating the New +Testament into Welsh, and he published also a Welsh version of +the “Epistles and Gospels,” besides a +“Dictionary,” and a “Treatise on +Rhetoric.” He died in 1570.</p> +<p><i>George Stepney</i>, whose parents were of old families in +Pembrokeshire, was born in 1663. Having been entered on the +foundation of Westminster School, he removed in due time to +Trinity College, Cambridge, and while there, he acquired the +friendship of Mr. Montague, afterwards Earl of Halifax, and +through his patronage he was employed by government on several +important and confidential missions to the courts of +Brandenburgh, Vienna, Dresden, Mentz, and Cologne, and to the +congress of Frankfort. He was again employed on an embassy +to Holland in 1706; <a name="page65"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +65</span>and after completing it successfully, he returned to +England in the following year, and a few months after he died in +Chelsea, and was buried in Westminster Abbey. He was a very +ingenious poet, and ranked high as a political writer; several of +his works obtained for him great credit.</p> +<p><i>Charles Symmons</i>, D.D., was born in Caerdigan, in the +year 1749, which borough was represented by his father in three +successive parliaments. He was educated at Westminster +School, and the University of Glasgow, whence he subsequently +removed to Clare Hall, Cambridge, and in 1776 he took the degree +of bachelor of divinity at that University. Having given +offence by declaring some Whiggish principles in a sermon, which +destroyed all his prospects of promotion, and fearing some +obstacles when he proceeded to his doctor’s degree, he +removed to Jesus College, Oxford, where he took it in 1794. +He was presented to the living of Narberth and Lanpeter. As +an author, the greater portion of his works consisted of poetry, +and he published “Milton’s prose works, with a +Biographical Memoir.” He died at Bath, in 1826.</p> +<p><i>William Thomas</i> was born in Wales, and was educated at +Oxford, where he took the degree of bachelor of canon law in +1529. Being obliged for some cause to leave the kingdom, he +travelled in Italy; and on his return to England, he published a +“History” <a name="page66"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 66</span>of that country, in 1549, +quarto. He was appointed clerk of the council to King +Edward the Sixth, who bestowed upon him, though a layman, a +prebend in St. Paul’s Cathedral, and a living in +Wales. On the accession of Queen Mary, he was deprived of +his office and benefices, which treatment is supposed to have +instigated him to join in the rebellion of Sir Thomas Wyatt, for +which he was arrested, and being convicted, was executed at +Tyburn. He was also author of several less important +works.</p> +<p><i>William Thomas</i>, D.D., was a native of South Wales, +where he was born in 1613. He was educated at Jesus +College, Oxford, where he proceeded through his degrees. +Having taken orders, he became vicar of Penbryn, in the time of +the great rebellion. On the Restoration, he was appointed +precentor of St. David’s, and rector of Llanbedr, in +Pembrokeshire, and subsequently dean of Worcester. He was +consecrated bishop of St. David’s in 1677, and in 1683 he +was translated to Worcester, where he died in 1689.</p> +<p><i>Josiah Tucker</i>, D.D., an eminent political writer, was +the son of a Welsh gentleman of property, and was born in +1711. He was educated at St. John’s College, Oxford, +and entered into holy orders, being appointed to the curacy of +All Saints, Bristol; he afterwards became chaplain to Dr. Butler, +bishop of that diocese, by whom he was appointed to the rectory +<a name="page67"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 67</span>of St. +Stephen’s, in the same city. He was author of +numerous political and controversial essays, some sermons, and a +multitude of treatises, and publications on commerce and +religion. He obtained a prebend in Bristol Cathedral, and +the deanery of Gloucester, in 1758. He died of an attack of +paralysis at the advanced age of eighty-eight, in the year +1799.</p> +<p><i>William Tyndale</i>, the first translator of the Holy +Scriptures into the English language, was born in Wales, in 1500, +and after a learned education, he was entered at Magdalen Hall, +Oxford; he was afterwards a canon of Wolsey’s New College +of Christ’s Church, whence he was ejected on account of his +religious principles, which were liberal, and according with the +doctrines of Luther, who began to flourish at that time. He +took a degree in Cambridge, whither he had removed from Oxford; +but his opinions becoming known, rendered him obnoxious to some +of the dignitaries, and being reprimanded, he thought it prudent +to retire to the Continent, in order to publish his translation +of the Testament, which appeared in 1526, and was printed at +Antwerp. He commenced afterwards the translation of the +Pentateuch, and some other books of the Old Testament; but his +first publication, of which a second edition was widely diffused +over England, caused him to be marked as a victim to Popish +bigotry. Henry the Eighth employed <a +name="page68"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 68</span>a man to +betray him to the Emperor, and by his decree he was burnt as a +heretic at Augsburgh in 1536. He was author of some other +works; and his Testament hath by many eminent divines been +declared never to have been surpassed in clearness, and noble +simplicity of style.</p> +<p><i>Henry Vaughan</i>, commonly known by his assumed name of +the Silurist, was born at Newton, in Brecknockshire, in the year +1621. He received his academical education at Jesus +College, Oxford, and afterwards settled in his native country, +where he practised medicine, although he does not appear to have +taken any degree in arts or medicine at the University. His +writings consist of a poem entitled “The Mount of +Olives,” “Thalia Rediviva,” “Olor +Iscanus,” and “Silex Scintillans, or The Bleeding +Heart.” He died in 1695, in the seventy-fourth year +of his age.</p> +<p><i>Thomas Vaughan</i> was the brother of the above (Henry), +and a fellow of Jesus College. He was a man of great +natural abilities as well as learning; he was chiefly known from +some curious “Treatises on Alchymy and Judicial +Astrology,” to which, although a clergyman, he seems to +have been devoted. According to Wood’s Athenæ +Oxonenses, he had sense enough not to publish them in his in own +name, but under the assumed name of Eugenius Philalethes; they +are, <a name="page69"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +69</span>however, now forgotten. He died rector of St. +Bridget’s, Brecknockshire.</p> +<p><i>Sir John Vaughan</i>, an eminent and learned chief justice +of Common Pleas, was born in Caerdiganshire, in 1608. He +was educated at Worcester School, whence he removed to Christ +Church, Oxford, and subsequently to the Inner Temple. +During the civil wars he lived in retirement; but after the +Restoration he was elected member of parliament for the county of +Caerdigan, and in 1668 made chief justice of the Court of Common +Pleas. His death took place in 1674. Sir John +Vaughan’s “Reports and Arguments” in the Common +Pleas are all special cases, and ably reported. They were +first printed in 1677, and again by his son, Edward Vaughan, in +1706.</p> +<p><i>Richard Vaughan</i>, D.D., an eminent and learned prelate, +was born in Caernarvonshire, and received his academical +education at St. John’s College, Cambridge, where he +graduated. Having entered the church, he became archdeacon +of Middlesex, and obtained also a canonry in Wells Cathedral, and +in 1595 he was raised to the bishopric of Bangor. Two years +after, he was translated to the see of Chester, and thence to +London, where he died in 1607.</p> +<p><i>Robert Vaughan</i>, a distinguished and learned antiquary, +was a member of a very ancient family in Meirionethshire, and was +born at the family seat of <a name="page70"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 70</span>Hengwrt, in that county. From +all his ample materials, he only published a small tract entitled +“British Antiquities Revived.” He formed a +noble and invaluable collection of Welsh manuscripts, which still +remain at Hengwrt. He died in 1667.</p> +<p><i>William Vaughan</i>, an ingenious Welsh poet, was a member +of a very ancient and illustrious family, who have lived for +several centuries successively at Golden Grove, in +Caermarthenshire. He was born in 1577, and having gone +through the usual course of academical education at Jesus +College, Oxford, took the degree of L.L.D. in that +University. He was the author of a variety of miscellaneous +poems, the principal of which are a metrical version of the +“Psalms and Solomon’s Song,” “The Golden +Grove Moralized,” &c. Previously to his decease, +he went to Newfoundland, where he died in 1640.</p> +<p><i>John Walters</i>, M.A., an eminent Welsh philologist and +divine, was the author of a valuable “English and Welsh +Dictionary,” which was published in quarto, in 1794. +It has since gone through two other editions, and he wrote a +learned “Dissertation on the Welsh Language,” printed +in 1771, besides some sermons. He was rector of Llandochan, +in Glamorgan, and died in the year 1797.</p> +<p><i>Daniel Williams</i>, an eminent theological writer, and +Presbyterian divine, was a native of Wrexham, in <a +name="page71"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 71</span>Denbighshire, +where he was born in 1644. Not having received an education +in his earlier youth, he made up the deficiency by his unwearied +diligence and application; and devoting himself to the study of +divinity, he was, at the age of nineteen, ordained a preacher +among the Presbyterians. After officiating in various parts +in England, he went to Ireland as chaplain to the Countess of +Meath, and presided over a congregation in Dublin, where he +continued for twenty years; and married a lady of an honourable +family, and a considerable estate. He subsequently removed +to London, where he was chosen minister of a congregation of +Presbyterians in Bishopsgate-street; and in 1701, having become a +widower, he married a second wife, who survived him. His +learning and piety being held in great esteem, he was honoured +with the diploma of D.D. by the Universities of Edinburgh and +Glasgow; and he bequeathed estates for the support of six +Presbyterian students in the latter. His library, together +with a sum of money for its increase, was left by him, with the +liberal view of founding a public library in London, and which +led to the establishment of the celebrated Red cross street +Institution, which was opened in 1729. He died in 1716, and +left numerous legacies for charitable purposes. His works +were published in six volumes, octavo.</p> +<p><i>David Williams</i>, a learned and ingenious writer, <a +name="page72"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 72</span>was born in +Cardiganshire. Having been educated at a Dissenting +Academy, he was appointed minister of a congregation at Frome, +Somersetshire, and afterwards at Exeter, then at Highgate, near +London. While in the metropolis, he distinguished himself +by numerous publications on education and morality. He left +his ministerial office among the Dissenters, and becoming +sceptical with regard to the Christian religion, he opened in +1776, a chapel for the celebration of public worship, on the +principles of natural religion, in Margaret-street, +Cavendish-square. The novelty of the institution at first +attracted the curiosity of the public, but it was finally closed, +and the lecturer turned his attention to private tuition. +He has obtained great and deserved reputation as being the +founder of the Literary Fund. He died in June, 1816. +Among his numerous works, several of which have been translated +into German, is a valuable “History of +Monmouthshire,” in two volumes, quarto.</p> +<p><i>Edward Williams</i>, whose bardic appellation was Iolo +Morganwg, was a native of Glamorganshire, where he was born in +March, 1745. His father being a stone-mason, brought him up +to the same trade; but even in his early youth he was remarkable +for avoiding all diversions with boys of his own age, and was +pensive and thoughtful, eager in receiving the instructions of an +excellent mother, who grounded him well in the <a +name="page73"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 73</span>English +language. In 1770, on the death of his mother, he left +Wales, and travelled over several counties in England, in the +exercise of his calling, and studying architecture and other +sciences connected with it. He resided for several years in +London, Bristol, and other towns, and returned to Wales, where he +married in 1781. His first productions were Welsh poetry, +and he was a man of wonderful abilities as a Welsh and English +poet, and a skilful antiquary; he wrote English with great ease +and elegance. In 1794 he published two volumes of English +poetry, which consist of original compositions, and translations +from the Welsh, and in conjunction with Dr. Pughe and Mr Owain +Jones, edited the “Myvyrian Archaiology.” He +has left several valuable works in manuscript, especially +materials for a History of Wales, which it is greatly to be +lamented was not published in his lifetime. He died on the +17th of December, 1827, aged eighty-two.</p> +<p><i>Griffith Williams</i> was a native of Caernarvon, in North +Wales, where he was born in the year 1589. He was educated +at Jesus’ College, Cambridge, and having taken orders, he +was appointed to the lectureship of St. Peter’s, Cheapside, +but his preaching so offended the Puritans, that they procured +his suspension. He obtained a living in Wales, and became +chaplain to the King, prebendary of Westminster, and dean of <a +name="page74"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 74</span>Bangor. +In 1641 he was created bishop of Ossory; and his death took place +at Kilkenny. He was the author of several works on +divinity.</p> +<p><i>John Williams</i>, Archbishop of York, and Lord Keeper of +the Great Seal, was born at Aberconwy, in 1582. He was +educated at Ruthin School, and St. John’s College, +Cambridge, where he soon distinguished himself by his application +and splendid abilities, which were rewarded with a +fellowship. He was ordained in 1609, and soon after he +obtained the rectory of Grafton, in Northamptonshire. Being +appointed chaplain to Lord Ellesmere, then Lord Chancellor, he +ingratiated himself so much with his patron by his talents, that +he obtained through him rapid preferments, and was appointed one +of the royal chaplains. In 1619 he was made dean of +Salisbury, and soon after exchanged it for the deanery of +Westminster; in a short time he was appointed lord keeper, and +immediately afterwards he was raised to the bishopric of +Lincoln. He retained great influence at court during the +reign of James the First, and was the chief cause of the +promotion of Laud to the episcopal bench, who, however, +ungratefully joined in various persecutions to which the +Archbishop was subjected for several years; but his worth and +excellent character prevailed: he was restored to favour, and in +1641 he was raised to the archiepiscopal see of York. <a +name="page75"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 75</span>During the +civil war, he fortified Conwy Castle for the King’s use; +but after a seige, being surprised, he was compelled to give it +up on honourable terms to the parliamentary troops. He died +at Gloddaeth, near Conwy, on his birth-day, in 1650. He was +the author of several theological works, and an interesting +“History of his Life” was published by Bishop Hacket, +who had been his chaplain; and a more condensed biography +subsequently by Stephens, and also by Phillips.</p> +<p><i>John Williams</i>, L.L.D., was born at Llanbedr-pont +Stephen in 1727. He was educated at the Grammar School of +the same town, where he acquired a competent knowledge of the +classics; being strongly inclined to the ministry, he was entered +at the age of nineteen at a Dissenting Academy, in Caermarthen, +where he went through the usual studies to be qualified for the +office of a minister. In 1752 he went to Stamford, +Lincolnshire, at the unanimous request of a congregation of +Protestant Dissenters, and in 1755 he removed to a similar +situation in Berkshire. Here he completed his +“Concordance to the Greek New Testament,” and +afterwards he removed to Sydenham, where he officiated for the +long period of twenty-eight years. In 1777 he was chosen +the curator of Redcross-street Library; and the lease of his +chapel expiring, he retired to Islington, where he remained until +his death, which took place in 1798. In his character, both +public and <a name="page76"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +76</span>private, he was esteemed for the conscientious discharge +of his duty as a Christian minister, and for his literary +acquirements. He published several works on theology and +other subjects, which are of great merit, and enriched with +valuable information.</p> +<p><i>Roger Williams</i> was a native of Wales, where he was born +in the year 1599. He was entered for the church, and was +accordingly educated for it; but adopting puritanical principles, +he emigrated to North America, where he founded the town of +Providence. He distinguished himself by his zeal for the +conversion of the Indians to Christianity, of whose language he +published a very useful “Manual and Glossary,” which +has been frequently reprinted. His colony thrived rapidly, +as he was decidedly opposed to all restraint in religion, and +granted to all who settled there free liberty of +conscience. He died in 1683.</p> +<p><i>Thomas Williams</i> was a native of Caernarvonshire, and +received an University education at Oxford. He practised as +a physician at Trevriw, near Llanrwst, and he wrote a +“Welsh and Latin,” and “Latin and Welsh +Dictionary,” which he left in manuscript; and it was +subsequently published in 1632, with many additions and +corrections by Dr. John Davies. He made a good collection +of pedigrees, which he entitled “Priv achau holl Gymru +Benbaladr,” i.e. The Primitive <a name="page77"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 77</span>Pedigrees of all Wales. In 1606 +he was proceeded against as a Papist in the court of Bangor, and +in the following year he was excommunicated. There was +written also by him a large “List of Plants” in +Latin, Welsh, and English.</p> +<p><i>William Williams</i> was a native of the Isle of +Anglesea. He was educated at Oxford, and in 1652 he was +elected scholar of Jesus’ College, whence he removed to +Gray’s Inn. In 1667 he was appointed recorder of the +city of Chester. When the Popish plot broke out, he sided +with the party then dominant; and in 1678 he was chosen one of +the representatives of the City of Chester, and again for the +parliament which sat in 1679, and a third time in 1680; in the +two last parliaments he was chosen speaker of the House of +Commons. After the Presbyterian plot broke out in 1683, he +became an advocate for them and the fanatics. When James +the Second came to the crown, he was taken into favour, and was +made solicitor-general instead of Sir Thomas Powis, who was +appointed attorney-general in 1687. Williams was knighted +on this occasion, and soon afterwards created a baronet. He +has published several of his eloquent speeches, besides some +other works.</p> +<p><i>Richard Wilson</i>, the eminent landscape painter, was the +son of the Rev. John Wilson, rector of Penegoes, in +Montgomeryshire, where he was born in <a name="page78"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 78</span>1714. Having received a good +classical education, he was sent at the age of fifteen to London, +where he was apprenticed to a portrait painter: and he set up for +himself in London, and painted the portraits of the Prince of +Wales and Duke of York, who were then under the tuition of Bishop +Hayter, of Norwich. Not obtaining any great success in the +metropolis, he went to Italy, and meeting with the Earl of +Dartmouth, who saw the young painter’s great abilities, +proposed that he should travel with him to Naples, which being +readily accepted, enabled him to study some of the finest +specimens of painting. Here also he became conscious of his +particular excellence in landscape painting, at the height of +which branch he soon arrived. His reputation having become +now very great, he returned to England in 1755. Although +his abilities were esteemed, he was far from obtaining the +patronage which his extraordinary talents deserved, and it was +not until after his death that his works were duly +appreciated. After a long period of neglect, and insult, +caused by the mean jealousy of rivals, he died near Mold, in +1782, in the sixty-eighth year of his age.</p> +<p><i>William Worthington</i>, D.D., an eminent theological +writer, was born in Meirionethshire in 1703. He received +his education at the Grammar School, in Oswestry, and +Jesus’ College, Oxford, where he proceeded <a +name="page79"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 79</span>through his +degrees. Having taken orders, he obtained various +preferment from Dr. Hare, then bishop of St. Asaph, he was rector +of Hope, and Darowen, and had a prebendal stall in the Cathedral +of St. Asaph, and another in York, to which he was appointed by +Archbishop Drummond, whose chaplain he had been. Among the +variety of his works, the principal are an “Essay on +Redemption,” “Evidences of Christianity,” and +“Sermons on Boyle’s Lectures.” He died in +1778.</p> +<p><i>Sir John Wynn</i> of Gwydir, was born near Llanrwst, in the +year 1553. He was made a baronet on the creation of that +honour in 1615. He lived in retirement, and wrote a curious +and valuable work, entitled “The History of the Gwydir +family,” which was first printed in 1773, octavo. He +was a member of the council of the marches, and was well versed +in the history and antiquities of his native country, and a great +patron of its literature. Inigo Jones was born on his +estate, and enjoyed the patronage of the family who first brought +him to notice. He died in 1626, in the seventy-third year +of his age.</p> +<p><i>John Wynne</i>, was born at Caerwys, Flintshire, and was +educated for some time at Northop School, from whence he removed +to Ruthin, and received his academical education at Jesus’ +College, Oxford, where <a name="page80"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 80</span>he obtained a fellowship. He +became rector of Llangelynin, in Caernarvonshire, and prebendary +of Brecon. He was appointed also the Lady Margaret’s +professor of divinity, and by virtue of that, he had a prebend in +Worcester Cathedral in 1705. He was elected principal of +Jesus’ College in 1712, and was advanced to the bishopric +of St. Asaph in 1714. He was a very learned divine, and +extremely liberal in the repairing of his cathedral, which had +suffered great damage by a violent storm soon after his +appointment. He was translated to the diocese of Bath and +Wells in 1727, and died in July, 1743.</p> +<p><i>John Huddleston Wynne</i>, an eminent writer on +miscellaneous subjects, was born of a respectable family in Wales +in 1743. He was brought up to the profession of a printer, +which he followed for some time in London; he afterwards obtained +a commission in the army, which he quitted and commenced +author. His principal works are “A General History of +the British Empire in America,” and “A History of +Ireland.” He died in 1788. His uncle,</p> +<p><i>Richard Wynne</i>, M.A., of All Soul’s College, +Oxford, was rector of St. Alphage, London, and of Ayot St. +Lawrence, in Hertfordshire. He published the New Testament +in English, carefully collated with the Greek, two volumes, +octavo. He died in 1799.</p> +<p><a name="page81"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +81</span><i>Philip Yorke</i>, an eminent antiquarian, and author +of a learned work entitled “The Royal Tribes of +Wales,” was born at Erddig, near Wrexham, in Denbighshire, +in 1743. After a liberal education, he was entered at Benet +College, Cambridge, where he graduated M.A. He represented +successively in parliament the boroughs of Halston and +Grantham. He died in 1804.</p> +<h2><a name="page82"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +82</span>ADDENDA.</h2> +<p><i>John Bradford</i>, an ingenious poet, who was admitted a +disciple of the bardic chair of Glamorgan, in 1730, being then a +boy; presided in the same chair 1760, and died in 1780. He +wrote several moral pieces of great merit, some of which he +printed in the “Eurgrawn,” a magazine then carried on +in South Wales.</p> +<p><i>Rev. Thomas Charles</i>, A.B., the son of a respectable +farmer, in the parish of Llanvihangel, South Wales, was born +October 14, 1755. When he was about ten or twelve years of +age, his parents entertaining thoughts of bringing him up to the +ministry, sent him to school at Llanddowror, about two miles off, +where he continued three or four years. When about fourteen +years of age, his father sent him to the academy, at Caermarthen, +which he left for Oxford in 1775, where he remained about four +years. On leaving Oxford, he was engaged to a curacy in +Somersetshire, which he <a name="page83"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 83</span>gave up in 1783, and removed to +Wales, after a ministry of five years. After Mr. Charles +returned to Wales, he was engaged successively to serve several +churches in the neighbourhood of Bala (where he then resided), at +each of which, his evangelical preaching giving great offence to +the inhabitants, his services were declined. Mr. Charles +having been so many times deprived of the opportunity of +exercising his ministry felt no small perplexity of mind: his +active disposition would not allow him to remain wholly +unoccupied. The ignorance which prevailed among the people +at Bala excited his sympathy; he invited them to his house to +give them religious instruction. He was offered the use of +the chapel by the Calvinistic Methodists, who were then, and for +some time after, connected with the Established Church: this +offer he accepted, and there he instructed and catechised the +numerous children who attended. In the year 1785, Mr. +Charles commenced preaching among the Methodists, from which +period to the time of his death his ministerial labours were very +great; the effect of which are still to be seen, and will +probably continue to appear for ages to come. Shortly after +Mr. Charles left the church, he began establishing circulating +schools; they succeeded wonderfully, the whole country being +filled with them. The fruits of these schools were numerous +Sunday schools throughout the Principality. <a +name="page84"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 84</span>Mr. Charles +prepared two editions of the Welsh Bible, one in duodecimo, +published in 1806, and another in octavo, completed just before +his death. But his greatest effort as an author was a +“Scriptural Dictionary,” four volumes, octavo. +Mr. Charles was the principal instrument in originating the Bible +Society; the exciting or moving cause of this noble institution +was the great want of Bibles, especially in North Wales. He +died October 5, 1814, in the fifty-ninth year of his age.</p> +<p><i>Robert Davies</i>, better known by the appellation of Bardd +Nantglyn, was born about the year 1769. At an early period +of his life he became a votary of the Awen, which propensity was +strengthened by his intimacy with Twm o’r Nant, who always +expressed a just tribute of admiration for his poetical +efforts. In the year 1800 he removed to London, and there +became acquainted with those patriotic fosterers of their native +language and customs, who instituted the Gwyneddigion Society, +and he filled at intervals the situation of their bard and +secretary. The illness of his family compelled him +reluctantly to leave the metropolis, after a residence of about +four years, and return to Nantglyn, which he never afterwards +quitted. This occurrence, which was unforeseen, obliged him +to borrow a sum of money from Owain Myvyr, to defray the expenses +of removal, and shortly after he <a name="page85"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 85</span>was given to understand by that +generous character, that the loan should be a gift; and this +munificent donation enabled him to build a decent cottage, which +formed his domicile during his life. When the premiums +awarded by the Eisteddvodau stimulated the bards to unwonted +exertions, Robert Davies early distinguished himself, and +acquired the honour of occupying the bardic chair for Powys, at +the meeting held at Wrexham, in 1820, by his prize elegy on the +death of George the Third. The number of medals he acquired +on different occasions amounted to eleven; and in addition he +received, on various occasions, many money premiums for +meritorious exertions. It would be needless to recapitulate +the various subjects on which he was a successful competitor, as +the prize poems of his composition are mostly published in his +publication entitled “Diliau Barddas,” which contains +the greater part of the productions of his muse. He +likewise was the compiler of a very excellent +“Grammar,” in great esteem in the principality. +He died on 1st December, 1835, and was buried at Nantglyn, where +it is in contemplation to erect a tablet to his memory.</p> +<p><i>John Evans</i>, an adventurous young man of +Caernarvonshire, who, about the year 1790, went to America, with +a view of discovering the Welsh Indians, or descendants of Madog +and his followers. After <a name="page86"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 86</span>surmounting many difficulties, and +penetrating about 1,300 miles up the Missouri River, he was +obliged to return to St. Louis, on the Mississippi. The +commandant there encouraged him to try another voyage, with +attendants and everything necessary to make discoveries; but +unfortunately, John Evans died of a fever there in 1797, when +everything was prepared to ensure success to his enterprise.</p> +<p><i>Wyn Elis</i>, A.M., an eminent divine and poet, who lived +at Y-Las-Ynys, in Meirionethshire, from about the year 1680 to +1740. About the year 1720, he published a small tract in +Welsh of great utility, containing letters of advice to Christian +professors, with various hymns and other pieces. Soon +after, he published the “Bardd Cwsg, or the Vision of the +Sleeping Bard,” in the manner of Don Quivedo, a very +popular work, which has been reprinted several times since the +death of the author.</p> +<p><i>Rev. Evan Edward</i>, Aberdare, Glamorgan, an eminent +Dissenting preacher, philosopher and poet, and one of the few who +being initiated into the bardic mysteries, have helped to +preserve the institution to the present time. He died on +the 21st of June, 1798, being the time fixed for him to meet the +other bards of the chair of Glamorgan.</p> +<p><i>Sir John Glynne</i>, an able political lawyer in the time +of Charles the First, and during the Interregnum, <a +name="page87"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 87</span>was born in +the year 1590. He received his academic education at Hart +Hall, Oxford, and afterwards studied at Lincoln’s Inn, +where he became a bencher. His talents were quickly +discovered by the popular party, and through the tide of +opposition, he was buoyed up above the common level. He +became steward of Westminster, was returned for two parliaments +that sat in the year 1640; was made recorder of London, and at +length lord chief justice of the upper bench. Cromwell made +him one of his council, and placed him on the committee appointed +to inquire into the title most proper for the usurper to +assume. He continued in office till the Restoration, when +he prudently and promptly determined to submit to the new +government. After having been one of the ablest supporters +of the protectorate, he was received by the reinstated King with +the most distinguished attention, and obtained honorary marks of +royal favour, for he was appointed prime serjeant, himself +knighted, and his eldest son created a baronet. He appears +to have been of considerable service, by sitting in the +convention parliament, as a representative for Caernarvon; +assisted by his advice to obtain the act of general amnesty; and +particularly in his judicial capacity, establishing the first +precedent of granting a rule for new trial in cases where +excessive damages had been awarded by the partial, or +inconsiderate verdicts of a jury. He died in the year +1666.</p> +<p><a name="page88"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +88</span><i>Doctor Gabriel Goodman</i> was a native of Ruthin, +distinguished for his various learning, but especially eminent as +a linguist and divine. He was promoted by Queen Elizabeth +to the deanery of Westminster; and, with other distinguished +characters, appointed an assistant in that great work, a version +of the Holy Scriptures. By his translation of his +“First Epistle to the Corinthians,” wholly performed +by him as well as other parts assigned him, he acquired great +fame; yet he obtained no higher preferment, dying dean of +Westminster after forty years’ incumbency, in the year +1601. His regard for learned men was great, as appears from +his having helped to support Camden in his travels, who, through +the dean’s interest, was made under master of Westminster +School. His desire for perpetuating learning was no less +conspicuous in the free-school founded in his native place, and +his philanthropy still lives in an hospital established for the +aged poor.</p> +<p><i>Howell Harris</i>, an eminent preacher, distinguished as +the introducer of Methodism into Wales, was born at Trevecca, in +Brecknockshire, on January 23rd, 1713; and being designed for the +church, was admitted a student of St. Mary’s Hall, Oxford, +in November, 1735. Here, however, he remained only during +one term, at the expiration of which, he quitted the University, +with the design of entering immediately on the duties of the +clerical profession. He had by this <a +name="page89"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 89</span>time, +apparently, imbibed the tenets and spirit of Whitfield, and +determined to propagate the doctrine of Methodism; with this view +he applied for orders, but was refused. Having commenced +his ministerial career, he came to his native place, and exerted +himself with great zeal and earnestness. His style of +preaching was much the same as that practised by the ministers of +his connection, particularly among the Welsh, who have probably +taken him for their model; it was bold, declamatory, and +animated, to a degree that might often be denominated +vociferation. At a period when religious freedom was but +imperfectly understood, even by those who deprecated persecution, +a man of Mr. Harris’s active zeal for proselytism, was not +likely to pass unobserved. He was in some instances +prosecuted, but more frequently persecuted: his undaunted +resolution, however, triumphed over every opposition, and +rendered impotent every attempt to reduce him to silence. +He married in the year 1730, Anne, the daughter of John Williams, +Esq., of Screene, by whom he had one daughter. In the year +1756, when some apprehensions of an invasion were entertained, he +made a voluntary offer to furnish at his own expense, ten +light-horsemen completely armed and accoutred, which proposal was +accepted. Three years afterward, A.D. 1759, Mr. Harris +himself, embarked in a military character. He was first +appointed to an ensigncy in <a name="page90"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 90</span>the county militia, and afterwards +invested with the command of a company, in which were enrolled +many of his own followers. In the latter part of his life, +he derived much support from Lady Huntingdon, the warm patroness +of the Calvinistic Methodists, who came to reside in the +neighbourhood. Mr. Harris died at Trevecca, July 28, 1773, +and was buried in Talgarth church. In the year 1752 he +formed the plan of a religious community, something similar in +its constitution to the Moravian societies; and in the same year +he laid the foundation of Trevecca house, with a sufficient +extent of buildings and garden, and other ground to accommodate a +large number of inhabitants. Here he invited his disciples +to assemble, and to invest their property in a common fund, of +which all members, as occasion might require, were equally to +participate.</p> +<p><i>Morus Huw</i> of Perthi Llwydion, near Cerrig-y-Druidion, +Denbighshire, a distinguished poet, who flourished from about the +year 1600 to 1650. He is generally considered to be the +best song writer that has appeared in Wales. Many of his +compositions are in the Blodeugerdd.</p> +<p><i>Thomas Jones</i>, bardd cloff (the lame bard). This +highly respectable bard was born at Mynydd Bychan (the little +mountain), in the parish of Llantysilio, Denbighshire, April 15, +1768. When quite an infant, he met with an accident which +lamed him for <a name="page91"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +91</span>life—hence the appellation of the lame bard. +In 1775 Mr. Jones’s family removed to Llangollen, and +Thomas was sent to the best school in the town; in 1782 the +family removed again to Machynlleth, in the county of +Montgomery. In 1780, Mathew Davies, Esq., brought young +Jones to London, and placed him in his counting-house, in Long +Acre, where Mr. Davies carried on a very large establishment in +the coach and military-lace line. Mr Jones was exceedingly +fond of reading, particularly poetry; and about this time he +began “to torment the Awen” (Muse), as he used to +say; and wrote several things both in Welsh and English. In +1789 he was elected a member of the Gwyneddigion, and shortly +afterwards he became secretary to the society. At the time +when it was regularly attended by Owain Jones, Myfyr, Dr. W. O. +Pughe, &c., who encouraged the young bard, and gave him much +valuable advice. In 1794 we find his name as one of the +stewards of the festival of Ancient Britons, and in 1801, as +llywydd (chairman) of the Gwyneddigion. In 1802 he +published “An Ode of St. David’s-day,” and the +following year Mr. Davies made him the head manager of his +business; a convincing proof of the rectitude of his conduct, +which was farther testified by his becoming a partner in +1813. The Metropolitan Cambrian Institution, founded on the +basis of the Cymrodorion (established in 1750) was revived, and +Mr. <a name="page92"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 92</span>Jones +was elected treasurer; and he gained the gold medal offered by +the society for the best poem in the Welsh language, on its +revival. In 1821 he was president of the Gwyneddigion for +the third time; and at the jubilee anniversary dinner, he was +presented with the society’s silver medal, to commemorate +the event. Mr. Jones gained several prizes at the different +Eisteddvodau held in Wales. And, after residing for a +period of forty-five years (with little intermission) at No. 90, +Long Acre, departed this life February 18, 1828, esteemed and +lamented by all who knew him. Mr. Jones was an +open-hearted, generous, hospitable, benevolent man; no indigent +countryman appealed to him in vain; his name was invariably found +in every list of subscription raised for the promotion of +literature, or the relief of distress. Y bardd cloff, was, +like his equally generous countryman and friend, Mr. David Jones, +of the House of Commons, universally known by the Cymry, both in +London and the principality. And when he was gathered to +his fathers, the Cymrodorion offered its silver medal for the +best approved of marwnad (elegy) on his lamented demise, which +was awarded to Robert Davies, bardd nantglyn.</p> +<p><i>John Jones</i> of Celli Lyvdy, distinguished as one of the +most indefatigable collectors of Welsh literature that have +appeared among us. He continued translating old Welsh +manuscripts for a period of forty years, as it <a +name="page93"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 93</span>appears from +some of his volumes, which are dated variously from the year 1590 +to 1630; and of whose works in this way upwards of forty large +volumes still exist.</p> +<p><i>Edward Jones</i> was born at a farm in Meirionethshire, +called Henblas, or Old Mansion, on Easter Sunday, in the year +1752. His father was what is generally termed a musical +genius: he could not only perform on various instruments, but he +also made several. He taught two of his sons, Edward and +Thomas, the Welsh harp, another son the spinnet, and another the +violin, and he played himself on the organ—so that the +“Family Concert” was at least a tolerable strong +one. Edward Jones came to London about the year 1774, under +the patronage of several persons of distinction, connected with +the principality. His performance on the harp was +considered in those days, when taste, feeling, and expression, +were the characteristic features of a lyrist, to be very +superior. He met with great encouragement, and had the +honour of giving instructions to many ladies of rank. He +was appointed Bard to the Prince of Wales in 1783, but it was +merely an honorary situation.</p> +<p>In conjunction with Dr. Owen Pughe, Mr. Walters, and a few +literary friends, he published a volume of Ancient Bardic Lore, +and Welsh Airs, in 1794, and, in four years afterwards, brought +out a second volume. In 1820 he published the first part of +a third volume, <a name="page94"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +94</span>and had employed his days chiefly since in preparing the +remainder, so as to complete the work; but he was not permitted +to accomplish it. He had been severely afflicted with +rheumatic pains for some time, and his memory became daily more +defective; he was a very reserved man, and passed most of his +time alone, with his chamber door locked.</p> +<p>He had been a collector of scarce books, and possessed many +valuable ones; but his inability to follow his professional +pursuits, and his high spirit preventing him from making his +situation known to his relatives, caused him to dispose of a part +of his library, on the produce of which he subsisted.</p> +<p>Several friends saw that he was daily becoming an object of +their friendly attention, who endeavoured to ascertain his +circumstances; but from him they could learn nothing, +notwithstanding it was pretty certain that he passed many days +without a dinner.</p> +<p>It became at length a duty incumbent on them to take him under +their care; a recommendation to the Governors of the Royal +Society of Musicians was promptly attended to, and an annuity of +50<i>l.</i> was granted unknown to him. This single act of +benevolence speaks volumes in favour of that excellent +institution, which was founded in 1738, with a view of shielding +the “child of song,” in the decline of life, from +penury and want; also to provide for the widows and orphans of <a +name="page95"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 95</span>its indigent +members, at their decease. Mr. Jones entered the society in +1778.</p> +<p>Mr. Parry was deputed to give him the first monthly +payment. It was in the evening when he called; he found the +Bard locked in his room, at his lodgings in Great +Chesterfield-street, Marylebone, and was admitted: he did not +recollect Mr. Parry immediately, although most intimately +acquainted with him; he had his dressing-gown and night-cap on, +his harp standing by the table, on which was a blotted sheet of +music paper. Mr. Parry told him the purport of the visit, +but he did not pay much attention to it, and only asked, with +much fervency, whether he knew “The Melody of Mona,” +(See Relicks, vol. i. p. 168,) a most beautiful pathetic Welsh +air, in the minor key, to which Mrs. Hemans has written an +excellent song, called “The Lament of the last +Druid.” He took his harp, and with a trembling +hand,</p> +<blockquote><p>“Struck the deep sorrows of his +Lyre.”</p> +</blockquote> +<p>It was impossible not to feel affected on such an +occasion—the scene reminded him of the dying hour of a +celebrated Bard, who called for his harp, and performed a most +plaintive strain—</p> +<blockquote><p>“Sweet solace of my dying hour,<br /> +Ere yet my arm forget its power,<br /> +Give to my falt’ring hand, my shell,<br /> +One strain to bid the world farewell.”</p> +</blockquote> +<p>In a few days afterwards he fell in a fit; the landlady <a +name="page96"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 96</span>who sat in +the apartment below, heard a noise; she ran up, but could not +gain admission; the door was burst open, when the poor Bard was +found lying on his face, with a heavy chair on his back. He +remained senseless for two days, and expired without a groan on +Easter Sunday, April 18, 1824, aged 72. He was conveyed to +his silent tomb, in St. Mary-le-bone burial-ground, on the +following Sunday. Mr. Jones left a number of scarce books, +and much music, which were disposed of by public auction in +February, 1825, and produced nearly 500<i>l.</i> He had, at +various times previous to his death, sold books and prints to the +amount of about 300<i>l.</i>, so that his whole collection may be +stated at 800<i>l.</i>; an extraordinary sum, considering the +habits of the collector! Of his professional abilities, his +“Relicks of the Welsh Bards” bear ample testimony; +and will convey his name, with honour, to posterity. They +are the result of forty years labour and research; and his +countrymen of the Principality may now boast, that, as well as +the Irish and the Scotch, they also have their +“Melodies.”</p> +<p><i>Rice Jones</i> of Blaenau, in Meirionethshire, one of the +most eminent poets of Wales of recent times. He died in the +autumn of the year 1801, at the great age eighty-six. In +the year 1770 he published a “Welsh Anthology,” in +quarto, containing choice selections from the poets of different +ages.</p> +<p><a name="page97"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +97</span><i>Theophilus Jones</i>, the ingenious and learned +author of the “History of Brecknockshire,” was born +Oct. 18, 1758. He was the son of the Rev. Hugh Jones, +successively vicar of the parishes of Langammarch and Llywel, +Brecknockshire, and a prebendary of the collegiate church of +Brecknock. With his grandfather, Mr. Theophilus Evans, Mr. +Jones passed much of his early life. His principal +education was completed in the college school at Brecknock. +Being destined by his parents to the law, Mr. Jones, at a proper +age, was placed under the care of an eminent practitioner then +resident in the town of Brecknock; and after having passed with +credit the period of his probation, entered into the profession +upon his own account, and continued in it for many years, +practising with equal reputation and success as an attorney and +solicitor in that place. Upon a vacancy in the deputy +registrarship of the archdeaconry of Brecknock, he was appointed +to that office, and held it till his death. From the +documents committed to his charge, and to which he was +particularly attentive, he derived much valuable information +connected with the parochial history of the county. After +Mr. Jones commenced the history of his county, finding that the +duties of his profession could not be attended to, and +antiquarian pursuits followed at the same time, he disposed of +the attorney’s and solicitor’s business. Being +now more <a name="page98"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +98</span>at liberty to pursue the great object of his ambition, +he spared neither pains nor expense to carry it into +execution. There was no part of the county into which he +did not extend his personal researches, inquiring most minutely +into the natural history and antiquities of every place and +parish. The first volume of his history of Brecknockshire +in quarto, was published at Brecknock in the year 1805, and the +second volume in 1809. With the exception of two +communications to periodical publications, and two papers in the +Cambrian Register, this was his only literary production. +It was his intention to publish a history of Radnorshire, but his +enfeebled state of health would not allow him to make the +necessary exertions. His last literary attempt was a +translation of that well written Welsh romance, entitled +“Gweledigaethau y Bardd Cwsg,” or Visions of the +Sleeping Bard, by the Rev. Ellis Wynne. He died upon the +15th of January, 1812, and was buried in the parish church of +Llangammarth.</p> +<p><i>David Jones</i> of Trevriw, in Caernarvonshire, a poet who +flourished from about the year 1750 to 1780. He edited two +collections of Welsh poetry, one called “Diddanwch +Teuluaidd,” and the other “Dewisol +Ganiadau.” He also formed a large collection of old +manuscripts, which have been lately purchased from his sons by +the Rev. H. D. Griffith, of Caer Rhun, <a name="page99"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 99</span>and appropriated by that gentleman +for the enriching of the Welsh Archaiology.</p> +<p><i>Richard Llwyd</i>, generally known in North Wales as the +Bard of Snowden, and Author of “Beaumaris Bay,” two +volumes of poems, &c., was born at Beaumaris, in the Isle of +Anglesea, in 1752, and terminated a life devoted to the interest +and literature of his country, on the 29th December, 1834, at his +residence in Bank-place, Chester. The morning of his days +was clouded with adversity. While yet a child, his father, +who traded on the coast in a small vessel of his own, was +shipwrecked, and lost at once his vessel, his cargo, and his +life!—a calamity which plunged his surviving family in +hopeless poverty and distress. The extreme poverty of his +mother precluded her from giving Richard any education. +Nevertheless, in early life his propensities for knowledge +discovered itself in a variety of ways, and in spite of the +obstacles with which he was surrounded, gave an early promise of +the brightness and ardour of his genius, and that greatness of +character in which he afterwards so eminently distinguished +himself. There was, fortunately for him, at Beaumaris, a +free-school, founded by Mr. David Hughes, a man born, like +himself, in the vale of humility, but who afterwards became a +blessing to his native island. Hence he says in one of his +notes to “Gayton Wake,” I received an education of +nine <a name="page100"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +100</span>months, and I acknowledge this blessing with humble +gratitude as it has been to me an inexhaustible source of +happiness. At twelve years old, his mother gladly accepted +a situation for him in the service of Henry Morgan, Esq., of +Henblas. Here he remained several years, and here it was +that his character was formed; he had not many opportunities of +gratifying his insatiable thirst for reading, but such as he had +he availed himself of, with unremitting zeal and ardour. He +always rose at a very early hour, and devoted the time he thus +gained to reading and studying. In temperance and frugality +he was remarkable through life, and always studied and practised +it with the utmost exactness, which gave him a constant feeling +of dignified independence. In the year 1780 Mr. Lloyd +entered into the service of Mr. Griffith, of Caer Rhûn, +near Conway, as superintendent of a large demesne and +family. Mr. Griffith being in the commission of the peace, +and the only acting magistrate in an extensive district, Llwyd +acted as his clerk; this situation offered him an opportunity of +pursuing his favourite studies. Here he lived until Mr. +Griffith died, and with what he had saved, aided by bequeaths +from two friends, he retired from the world. In 1797 he +published his poem of “Beaumaris Bay,” which was +extremely well received by the public, and materially added to +his pecuniary resources. Mr. Llwyd had <a +name="page101"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +101</span>successfully studied the antiquities of his country, +and was exceedingly well versed in heraldry, which added to his +native vivacity, wit, and good humour, made his company courted +by the first families in the principality, at whose mansions he +was always a welcome guest. In 1804 Mr. Llwyd published his +“Gayton Wake,” and two volumes of poems, +“Tales, Ode,” &c., translated from the British, +which show the extent and variety of his genius, and which met +with extensive encouragement. In 1814 he married Miss +Bingley, daughter of the late Alderman Bingley, of the city of +Chester, with whom he lived happily in comfortable independence, +and whom he survived about twelve months.</p> +<p><i>William Maurice</i> of Cevyn-y-Briach, in Denbighshire, a +distinguished antiquary and the assistant of Mr. Robert Vaughan, +of Hengwrt, in collecting old Welsh manuscripts. The +collection made by Mr. Maurice is now preserved at +Wynnestay. He died about the year 1660.</p> +<p><i>William Middleton</i>, sometimes called in Welsh, Gwilym +Ganoldrev, an eminent poet and grammarian of the family of +Gwenynog, in Denbighshire, who lived from the year 1560 to +1600. He served in the armies of Elizabeth, and was +afterwards a captain of a ship of war; and, it is worthy of +notice, that the principal work that he left behind him was done +at sea, <a name="page102"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +102</span>being an elegant “Version of the Psalms,” +in the higher kind of Welsh metre. This work we find, from +a note at the end of it, was finished January 24th, 1595, in the +West Indies, and was printed after his death by Thomas Salusbury +in 1603. The only other performance of this author which +has been printed is his “Grammar,” and “Art of +Poetry,” which he published in the year 1593.</p> +<p><i>Richard Morris</i>, a brother of Lewis Morris, of Penros +Llugwy, Anglesea, an ingenious Welsh critic and poet. He +passed the greater part of his life as first clerk in the +Navy-office; during which, he superintended the printing of two +valuable editions of the Welsh Bible. He died in the year +1779.</p> +<p><i>Paul Panton</i>, Esq., of Plas Gwyn, in Anglesea, a +character distinguished for his acquaintance with the history and +antiquities of his native country, and who left behind him a +valuable collection of Welsh manuscripts; but who was more +conspicuous for his liberality in aiding others, who pursued a +similar track with himself. In addition to his own +collection of papers, he also became possessed of the books of +the Rev. Evan Evans, author of the Desertatio de Bardis, and +other things, in consequence of having settled an annuity of +£20. on that child of misfortune, towards the close of his +life. Mr. Panton died in 1797, in the sixty-seventh year of +his age.</p> +<p><a name="page103"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +103</span><i>William Parry</i>, some time president and +theological tutor at Wymondley Academy, Herts, was born in the +year 1754, at Abergavenny, in Monmouthshire. When he was +about seven years of age, he removed with his father to London, +where he attended the ministry of Dr. Samuel Stennett. At +the age of twenty, he was introduced to the Academy of Homerton, +where Mr. Parry remained during six years, pursuing with +unremitting ardour, the studies to which he had devoted +himself. On leaving the academy, he acceded to an +invitation from the church of Little Baddow, Essex, where he was +ordained in the year 1780. In the year 1798 proposals were +made to Mr. Parry by the trustees of W. Coward, Esq., to become +theological tutor in the Dissenting Academy which had for some +years been conducted at Northampton and Daventry, by Doctors +Doddridge and Ashworth. An earnest desire of extended +usefulness led Mr. Parry to accept those proposals; and in the +year 1799 he took an affectionate farewell of his beloved flock +at Baddow, after having laboured amongst them for twenty years, +with great acceptance and fidelity. Mr. Parry entered on +his new and important office at Wymondley (to which place the +academy was removed). In undertaking the office of tutor, +Mr. Parry did not resign that of a minister of Christ: +immediately after his settlement at Wymondley, a small chapel was +erected on the premises, where a <a name="page104"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 104</span>congregation was raised, and a +church formed, over which he presided as pastor till the time of +his decease. With the exception of a charge delivered at +the ordination of one of his students, Mr. Parry appeared but +once in the character of an author. He died in the year +1818, in the sixty-fourth year of his age.</p> +<p><i>William Owen Pughe</i>, D.C.L., was born at Ty’n y +Bryn, in the parish of Llanvihangel y Pennant, county of +Meirioneth, on the 7th of August, 1759. A man who is, by +universal consent, pronounced the greatest literary character +which old Cambria has ever produced at any period of time; and +this may be truly said, without detracting from the unfading +renown of our Taliesins, Aneurins, Gwalchmais, Cynddelws, Hywel +Ddas, Goronwy Owens, or any other Cambrian author, because they +did not exercise their talents, however great, in so varied and +rich a field, or so extensive and bright a sphere as Dr. Owen +Pughe. The family removed to Egryn, in Ardudwy, a short +period after his birth, and there he passed his youthful days +until he was sent to school at Altringham, near Manchester; and +when arrived at seventeen years of age, he settled in +London. Here he became intimate with Owain Myvyr and +others, members of the Gwyneddigion; and projected and commenced +his great work, the “Welsh and English +Dictionary.” He laboured, at intervals, upon this +arduous undertaking for the <a name="page105"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 105</span>space of eighteen years, during +which he read all the remains of antiquity which could be +procured to furnish materials to incorporate in this thesaurus of +the words of the Welsh language. In conjunction with Owain +Myvyr and Iolo Morganwg he became engaged in a work, which must +elicit the warmest thanks of all Welsh scholars, intended to +perpetuate, for the benefit of posterity, the existing documents +of the Cymry to the close of the thirteenth century. This +splendid memorial of patriotism and industry is entitled the +Myvyrian Archaiology of Wales, and has afforded a facility for +the study of British Antiquities, which will place this +department of the history of our island on a sure basis. +The Cambrian Biography, the translation of the works of +Llywarchhen, and an agricultural treatise for Mr. Johnes, of +Havod, the superintendence of the Cambrian Register, the Greal, +the edition of the poems of Davydd ap Gwilym, and numerous +important communications to such works as Rees’ +Encyclopædia, Warrington’s History of Wales, +Hoare’s History of Wiltshire, Britton’s Beauties of +England and Wales, Campbell’s Books on Wales, Gunn’s +Tracts, Meyrick’s Cardiganshire, Cox’s Publications, +Chalmer’s Caledonia, were the fruit of his studies and +indefatigable perseverance at this period. In the year +1806, an estate in Wales devolved to him, where, after intervals +spent in London, he finally <a name="page106"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 106</span>settled. During this +retirement he translated “Milton’s Paradise +Lost,” “Heber’s Palestine,” many of Mrs. +Heman’s poetical pieces, &c., into Welsh, and the +“Mabinagion,” &c., into English, besides many +original productions of great merit. The University of +Oxford, as a testimony of estimation for his arduous and useful +labours, conferred on him the degree of D.C.L. He breathed +his last at Dolydd y Cae, a house at the base of Cader Idris, +where he had spent a few days in the same tranquil manner as had +distinguished him through life, on the 4th of June, 1835; thus +closing a life useful to his country, and endeared to his family +and friends, at the foot of the same mountain which had witnessed +his birth. A subscription has been entered into for the +purpose of raising a fund to defray the expense of erecting a +monument to the memory of the erudite and amiable William Owen +Pughe.</p> +<p><i>Dr. David Powel</i>, an eminent antiquary of Denbighshire, +born about the year 1552, and educated at Oxford, where he took +his degree of D.D. He died in 1590, and was buried at +Rhiwabon, of which he was vicar. In 1584 he published an +English version of “Caradog’s Chronicle of +Wales,” with annotations, and some other works.</p> +<p><i>Edward Richard</i>, an eminent Welsh critic, and an elegant +pastoral poet, who was a native of Ystrad Meirig, in +Cardiganshire. He was the master of a <a +name="page107"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 107</span>grammar +school in his native village, from about the year 1735 to the +time of his death, on the 4th March, 1777.</p> +<p><i>William Richards</i>, L.L.D., was born in the year 1749, in +the parish of Penrhydd, in the vicinity of Haverfordwest, county +of Pembroke, South Wales. Though the Bible was the +favourite theme of his studies, his reading was not confined to +it, he made himself acquainted with the best authors in the +English language; was well versed in civil and ecclesiastical +history, and deemed an admirable critic in the Cambro-British +tongue. Having determined to devote himself to the ministry +of the gospel, he placed himself in the Baptist Academy at +Bristol in the year 1773, where he continued two years. On +leaving the academy at Bristol, Mr. Richards accepted an +invitation to Pershore, in Worcestershire, where he became +assistant to Dr. John Ash, pastor of the Baptist church of that +place. In 1776 he accepted an invitation from the Baptist +church at Lynn, in Norfolk, to become their pastor, and arrived +there on the 1st of July. When Mr. Richards had been some +years at Lynn, he received an invitation to settle at Norwich, +but that he declined. After having passed forty-two years +among his people at Lynn, he died on the 13th of September, 1818, +in the sixty-ninth year of his age. His greatest effort as +an author, was the “History of Lynn,” in two large +octavo volumes, embellished with engravings.</p> +<p><a name="page108"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +108</span><i>Sir Richard Richards</i>, Lord Chief Baron, was born +in the year 1752. In the whole circle of the profession, no +man stood higher in private estimation, or public respect. +As a lawyer and a judge, his decisions, particularly in exchequer +cases, were sound, and evinced considerable acuteness. He +long enjoyed the friendship and confidence of Lord Chancellor +Eldon, for whom, on several occasions, he presided under special +commissions as speaker of the House of Lords. He was +appointed on the fourth of May, 1813, chief justice of Chester, +one of the barons of the exchequer in 1814, and in April, 1817, +on the death of Sir A. Thomson, Lord Chief Baron, Sir R. Richards +succeeded him in that high office. He died in London, on +the 11th of November, 1823.</p> +<p><i>Grufydd Roberts</i>, a learned grammarian, who was educated +at the University of Sienna, in Italy, under the patronage of +William Herbert, Earl of Pembroke. He printed his valuable +“Welsh Grammar” at Milan, in the year 1567.</p> +<p><i>Rev. Daniel Rowlands</i>, rector of Llangeitho, in +Cardiganshire, was born in the year 1713. He was a very +distinguished minister of the gospel, who, by the mighty power of +his extraordinary eloquence, roused some of his countrymen from +that lethargy into which the whole country had sunk as to +religion. His preaching was so valued, and such the +benefits derived from it, <a name="page109"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 109</span>that many flocked to hear him from +every part of the Principality. He continued rising in the +public esteem till his death, which happened on October 10, +1790. He was reputed among the Calvinistic Methodists; but +he taught particular tenets, and was the founder of a distinct +sect, now pretty numerous in Wales, and denominated Rowlandists +after his name.</p> +<p><i>David Samwell</i>, an elegant poet, who was a native of +Nantglyn, in Denbighshire. He was surgeon to the ship +Discovery, commanded by Captain Cook, and was an eye-witness of +the death of that celebrated navigator, of which melancholy event +he wrote a circumstantial account in the Biographia +Britannica. He died in the autumn of the year 1799.</p> +<p><i>Rhydderch Sion</i>, a poet and grammarian, who lived from +about the year 1700 to 1750. The latter part of his life he +passed as a printer at Shrewsbury, where he published his +“Welsh Grammar,” and a small “Welsh +Vocabulary.”</p> +<p><i>Trevredyn Sion</i>, an eminent divine among the +Nonconformists, who flourished as a theological writer from about +the year 1670 to 1720; and who published his opinions in a book, +which is an elegant specimen of the Silurian dialect.</p> +<p><i>Prys Thomas</i>, of Plâs Iolyn, a distinguished poet +who lived from about the year 1560 to 1610. He was a +gentleman of an ancient family and large property in <a +name="page110"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +110</span>Denbighshire; who, being of a wild and roving +disposition, fitted out a privateer in which he went to try his +fortune against the Spaniards. It appears also from one of +his poems that he was an officer in the land service, and was at +Tilbury when Queen Elizabeth reviewed the array then assembled +there.</p> +<p><i>Davydd Edward o Vargam</i>, an eminent poet of Glamorgan, +who was admitted a graduate of the Gorfedd for that province in +the year 1620, presided there in 1660, and died in 1690. +Many of his productions are preserved, but his most important +work is the “Augmentation of the Collection of the Bardic +Mysteries,” formed by Llywelyn o Llangewydd.</p> +<p><i>Alderman Waithman</i> was, indeed, “the architect of +his own fortune.” He was born near Wrexham, North +Wales, in 1764, of parents of virtuous character, but in humble +life. His father died soon afterwards; and his mother +re-marrying, Waithman, when an infant, was adopted by an uncle, a +respectable linendraper, in Bath, and sent to the school of one +Moore, an ingenious man, the economy of whose plan of education +led all his pupils to acquire the habit of public and +extemporaneous speaking. Mr. Waithman was afterwards taken +into the business of his uncle; on whose death, about 1788, he +obtained a situation at Reading, whence he proceeded to London, +and lived with a respectable linendraper until he became of +age. He then married, <a name="page111"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 111</span>and opened a shop at the south end +of Fleet Market, nearly on the precise site of the monument there +erected to his memory. His activity and success next +enabled him to remove to more extensive premises, at the corner +of Bridge-street and Fleet-street, where he always honoured the +high character of a London citizen and tradesman. He +retired from his business about twelve years since. He +appears to have commenced his political career about the year +1794; when, at a Common Hall, he submitted a series of +resolutions upon the war with France, and enforcing the necessity +of a reform in parliament; which resolutions were triumphantly +carried, and laid the foundation of his popularity. He was +next elected into the Common Council, where the speeches, +resolutions, petitions and addresses, which he moved and carried, +would fill a considerable volume. His friends, and his own +well-directed ambition, next prompted him to seek to represent +the city of London in parliament; but his efforts were +unsuccessful, till, at the general election of 1818, he was +returned by a great majority, having polled 4,603 votes. He +next became alderman of his ward, Farringdon Without, the most +considerable in the city. At the general election, in 1820, +he lost his seat by 140 votes. In the same year he served +as Sheriff of London and Middlesex, with activity and +intelligence; as he filled the office of Lord Mayor in +1823–24. At the <a name="page112"></a><span +class="pagenum">p. 112</span>elections of 1826, 1830, 1831, and +1833 he was again returned for the City. He died in +February, 1833, and was buried in St. Bride’s church, Fleet +street. A glance at these few data of the Alderman’s +useful life will bear out the proposition that he was “the +architect of his own fortune.” He owed nothing to +court, or even City patronage; but, even amidst the turmoil of a +political life, he accumulated a respectable fortune; for, it +should be remembered that he became an active politician forty +years since, or within ten years after he had established himself +in business. He was a man of unflinching integrity and +untiring industry—qualities which make their possessor rich +indeed. As an orator, he was characterized rather by +fluency than finery of language: he preferred common to fine +sense, and his experience in matters of the great stage of the +world was very considerable.</p> +<p><i>Edward Williams</i>, master of Rotherham Academy, was born +November the 14th, 1750, at Glancllwyd near Denbigh. The +rudiments of his education he received at various schools in the +neighbourhood, but having at the age of twenty, decided on +entering the Christian ministry, he was placed under private +tuition. If a few years time he was sent to prosecute his +studies at the Dissenting Academy of Abergavenny. His first +settlement in the ministry was at Ross, in Herefordshire, where +he was ordained in 1776. A few years after <a +name="page113"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 113</span>this, Mr. +Williams was requested to direct the concerns of the seminary at +Abergavenny, but as he declined that proposal, the academy was +removed from Abergavenny to Oswestry, where Mr. Williams now +commenced the delivery of a course of college lectures, which he +continued for about ten years, when he transferred the academy to +other hands, and removed to Birmingham in 1792. After +spending three years at the latter place, he received an +invitation to superintend the concerns of the Independent Academy +at Rotherham, in Yorkshire, to which station he removed in 1795, +and that station he continued to occupy to the period of his +death, March 9, 1813. A diploma from Edinburgh constituting +him Doctor of Divinity, was received in 1792. Among the +numerous productions of his pen are a reply to Mr. Abraham Booth +on the “Baptismal Controversy,” two volumes, +duodecimo, an “Abridgement of Dr. Owen’s Exposition +of the Epistle to the Hebrews,” four volumes, octavo, an +“Essay on the Equity of Divine Government, and the +Sovereignty of the Divine Grace.”</p> +<p><i>Peter Williams</i>, A.M., an eminent divine among the +Calvinists in Wales, who died August 4th, 1796, in his +seventy-seventh year. He published a large quarto Welsh +Bible in 1770, with copious notes, which has gone through two +subsequent editions. He also printed a small edition with +notes, also a Concordance, and several religious tracts.</p> +<p><a name="page114"></a><span class="pagenum">p. +114</span><i>Rev. William Williams</i>, an eminent preacher among +the Methodists, and who was a poet of considerable genius. +He published a great many tracts, and Welsh hymns for the use of +his society; the principal of which is a work called “Golwg +ar Deyrnas Crist,” published in 1761. He died about +the year 1776.</p> +<p><i>Rev. Morris Williams</i>, a celebrated Welsh antiquary, was +born on the 2nd of March, 1685, in the parish of Cellan, +Cardiganshire, and was the son of the Rev. Samuel Williams, vicar +of Llandifriog. The elementary part of his classical +education he received at the Caermarthen Grammar-school, whence +he removed to Oxford, and matriculated at University College, May +31, 1705. Here he took his first degree in arts in 1708; he +was afterwards incorporated in the same degree at Cambridge, and +proceeded master of arts in that University in 1718. He was +ordained deacon by Dr. Fromnel, Bishop of Norwich, a priest by +Dr. Ottley, Bishop of St. David’s. Dr. Ottley +presented him to the living of Llanwenog, in the above county, in +1715; and in 1717 he was inducted to the vicarage of Devynock, in +Brecknockshire, where, in 1718 he married Margaret Davies, of +that parish. In 1724 he exchanged this living for the +rectory of Chetton Trinity, and the vicarage of St. Mary’s, +Bridgewater, Somersetshire. He was elected a fellow of the +Royal Society in 1732. His chief reputation as a Welsh +scholar and antiquary rests on the valuable <a +name="page115"></a><span class="pagenum">p. 115</span>assistance +he gave Dr. Wotton in preparing for publication his edition of +the Laws of Hywel Dda, the glossary to which, a very able and +learned performance, was principally compiled by Mr. +Williams. His other works comprise various theological +treatises, now little known. He also drew up a manuscript +catalogue of books in the Bodleian Library at Oxford, and a +manuscript life of himself, deposited in that library. His +books and manuscripts he bequeathed to Lord Macclesfield.</p> +<p><i>Cynwal Williams</i>, an eminent poet of Penmacno, +Caernarvonshire, who lived from about the year 1560 to +1600. The most interesting part of his works is his +poetical controversy with Edmund Prys, the archdeacon of +Meirionethshire; a contest that was carried on with so much +feeling as ultimately to cause Cynwal Williams to fall a martyr +to the poignancy of one of the replications of his +antagonist.</p> +<p><i>William Wyn</i>, A.M., an eminent poet and divine, of the +family of Rhaged, in Meirionethshire, who lived from about the +year 1740 to 1760, in which last year he died. He was the +rector of Llangyhaval and Manavon, in Denbighshire. Some +beautiful compositions by him are printed in Dewisol +Ganiadau.</p> +<div class="gapspace"> </div> +<p style="text-align: center"><span class="GutSmall">THE +END.</span></p> +<p>***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF SOME OF THE +MOST EMINENT INDIVIDUALS WHICH THE PRINCIPALITY OF WALES HAS PRODUCED +SINCE THE REFORMATION***</p> +<pre> + + +***** This file should be named 39152-h.htm or 39152-h.zip****** + + +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: +http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/3/9/1/5/39152 + + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, +set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to +copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to +protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project +Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you +charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you +do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the +rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose +such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and +research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do +practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is +subject to the trademark license, especially commercial +redistribution. + + + +*** START: FULL LICENSE *** + +THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE +PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK + +To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free +distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work +(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project +Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project +Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at +http://www.gutenberg.org/license). + + +Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic works + +1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to +and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property +(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all +the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy +all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession. +If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the +terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or +entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. + +1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be +used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who +agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few +things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works +even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See +paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement +and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. See paragraph 1.E below. + +1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation" +or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the +collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an +individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are +located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from +copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative +works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg +are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project +Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by +freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of +this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with +the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by +keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project +Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others. + +1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern +what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in +a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check +the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement +before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or +creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project +Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning +the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United +States. + +1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: + +1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate +access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently +whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the +phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project +Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, +copied or distributed: + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + +1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived +from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is +posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied +and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees +or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work +with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the +work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 +through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the +Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or +1.E.9. + +1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted +with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution +must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional +terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked +to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the +permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. + +1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this +work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. + +1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this +electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without +prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with +active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project +Gutenberg-tm License. + +1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, +compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any +word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or +distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than +"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version +posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org), +you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a +copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon +request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other +form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. + +1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, +performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works +unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. + +1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing +access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided +that + +- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from + the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method + you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is + owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he + has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the + Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments + must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you + prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax + returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and + sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the + address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to + the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation." + +- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies + you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he + does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm + License. You must require such a user to return or + destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium + and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of + Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any + money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the + electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days + of receipt of the work. + +- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free + distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set +forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from +both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael +Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the +Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. + +1.F. + +1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable +effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread +public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm +collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain +"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or +corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual +property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a +computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by +your equipment. + +1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right +of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project +Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all +liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal +fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT +LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE +PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE +TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE +LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR +INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH +DAMAGE. + +1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a +defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can +receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a +written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you +received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with +your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with +the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a +refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity +providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to +receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy +is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further +opportunities to fix the problem. + +1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth +in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS', WITH NO OTHER +WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO +WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. + +1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied +warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. +If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the +law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be +interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by +the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any +provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. + +1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the +trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone +providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance +with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, +promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, +harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, +that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do +or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm +work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any +Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause. + + +Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm + +Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of +electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers +including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists +because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from +people in all walks of life. + +Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the +assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's +goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will +remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure +and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations. +To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation +and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 +and the Foundation web page at http://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/pglaf. + + +Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive +Foundation + +The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit +501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the +state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal +Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification +number is 64-6221541. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent +permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. + +The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S. +Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered +throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at +809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email +business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact +information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official +page at http://www.gutenberg.org/about/contact + +For additional contact information: + Dr. Gregory B. Newby + Chief Executive and Director + gbnewby@pglaf.org + +Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation + +Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide +spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of +increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be +freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest +array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations +($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt +status with the IRS. + +The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating +charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United +States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a +considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up +with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations +where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To +SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any +particular state visit http://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/donate + +While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we +have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition +against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who +approach us with offers to donate. + +International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make +any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from +outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. + +Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation +methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other +ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. +To donate, please visit: +http://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/donate + + +Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. + +Professor Michael S. Hart is the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm +concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared +with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project +Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. + +Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed +editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S. +unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily +keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. + +Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: + + http://www.gutenberg.org + +This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, +including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary +Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to +subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. + +</pre></body> +</html> diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..98643a6 --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #39152 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/39152) |