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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Rocky Mountain [Colorado] National Park, by
+United States Dept. of the Interior
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Rocky Mountain [Colorado] National Park
+
+Author: United States Dept. of the Interior
+
+Release Date: November 4, 2011 [EBook #37918]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ROCKY MOUNTAIN NATIONAL PARK ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Juliet Sutherland, Steven Brown and the Online
+Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net
+
+
+
+
+
+Transcriber's Notes:
+
+Some illustration's captions have been moved out of the paragraph.
+
+Spelling has been made consistent throughout.
+
+Tables on more than one page joined together.
+
+Bold faced text shown as: =abcde=
+
+Italics text shown as: _abcde_
+
+
+
+
+[Illustration: Cover Page]
+
+
+Rocky Mountain
+[COLORADO]
+National Park
+
+
+United States Department of the Interior
+_Harold L. Ickes, Secretary_
+
+NATIONAL PARK SERVICE
+_Arno B. Cammerer, Director_
+
+[Illustration: Dept of Interior Logo]
+
+
+UNITED STATES
+GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
+WASHINGTON: 1937
+
+
+
+
+DO YOU KNOW YOUR NATIONAL PARKS?
+
+
+ACADIA, MAINE.--Combination of mountain and seacoast scenery.
+Established 1919; 24.08 square miles.
+
+BRYCE CANYON, UTAH.--Canyons filled with exquisitely colored pinnacles.
+Established 1928; 55.06 square miles.
+
+CARLSBAD CAVERNS, N. MEX.--Beautifully decorated limestone caverns
+believed largest in the world. Established 1930; 15.56 square miles.
+
+CRATER LAKE, OREG.--Astonishingly beautiful lake in crater of extinct
+volcano. Established 1902; 250.52 square miles.
+
+GENERAL GRANT, CALIF.--Celebrated General Grant Tree and grove of big
+trees. Established 1890; 3.96 square miles.
+
+GLACIER, MONT.--Unsurpassed alpine scenery; 200 lakes; 60 glaciers.
+Established 1910; 1,533.88 square miles.
+
+GRAND CANYON, ARIZ.--World's greatest example of erosion.
+Established 1919; 1,009.08 square miles.
+
+GRAND TETON, WYO.--Most spectacular portion of Teton Mountains.
+Established 1929; 150 square miles.
+
+GREAT SMOKY MOUNTAINS, N.C.-TENN.--Massive mountain uplift covered with
+magnificent forests. Established for protection 1930; 617 square miles.
+
+HAWAII: ISLANDS OF HAWAII AND MAUI.--Volcanic areas of great interest,
+including Kilauea, famous for frequent spectacular outbursts.
+Established 1916; 245 square miles.
+
+HOT SPRINGS, ARK.--Forty-seven hot springs reserved by the Federal
+Government in 1832 to prevent exploitation of waters. Made national
+park in 1921; 1.58 square miles.
+
+LASSEN VOLCANIC, CALIF.--Only recently active volcano in continental
+United States. Established 1916; 163.32 square miles.
+
+MAMMOTH CAVE, KY.--Interesting caverns, including spectacular onyx cave
+formation. Established for protection 1936; 38.34 square miles.
+
+MESA VERDE, COLO.--Most notable cliff dwellings in United States.
+Established 1906; 80.21 square miles.
+
+MOUNT McKINLEY, ALASKA.--Highest mountain in North America.
+Established 1917; 3,030.46 square miles.
+
+MOUNT RAINIER, WASH.--Largest accessible single-peak glacier system.
+Established 1899; 377.78 square miles.
+
+PLATT, OKLA.--Sulphur and other springs.
+Established 1902; 1.33 square miles.
+
+ROCKY MOUNTAIN, COLO.--Peaks from 11,000 to 14,255 feet in heart of
+Rockies. Established 1915; 405.33 square miles.
+
+SEQUOIA, CALIF.--General Sherman, largest and possibly oldest tree in
+the world; outstanding groves of Sequoia gigantea. Established 1890;
+604 square miles.
+
+SHENANDOAH, VA.--Outstanding scenic area in Virginia section of Blue
+Ridge. Established 1935; 275.81 square miles.
+
+WIND CAVE, S. DAK.--Beautiful cavern of peculiar formations.
+No stalactites or stalagmites. Established 1903; 18.47 square miles.
+
+YELLOWSTONE: WYO.-MONT.-IDAHO.--World's greatest geyser area, and an
+outstanding game preserve. Established 1872; 3,471.51 square miles.
+
+YOSEMITE, CALIF.--Valley of world-famous beauty; spectacular waterfalls;
+magnificent high Sierra country. Established 1890; 1,176.16 square miles.
+
+ZION, UTAH--Beautiful Zion Canyon 1,500 to 2,500 feet deep. Spectacular
+coloring. Established 1919; 148.26 square miles.
+
+
+
+
+RULES AND REGULATIONS
+
+Briefed
+
+
+The Park Regulations are designed for the protection of your property.
+You, as prudent owners, will help protect the natural beauties and
+scenery by warning the careless and reporting infractions of the
+regulations. The following synopsis is for the general guidance of
+visitors. Full regulations may be seen at the office of the superintendent
+and ranger stations.
+
+=_Fires._=--Fires may be lighted only when necessary and in designated
+places. Before leaving, know your fire is out. HELP PROTECT this
+wonderland so all may enjoy it.
+
+=_Camps._=--Automobile campers must stop in the designated camp grounds.
+All must be kept clean and sanitary. Burn your garbage in your camp fire.
+Empty cans and residue must be placed in garbage cans. If no can is
+provided, bury the refuse.
+
+=_Public property, trees, flowers, and animals._=--The destruction,
+injury, or disturbance of public property, trees, flowers, rocks, birds,
+or animals, or other life is prohibited.
+
+=_Fishing._=--Fishing is permitted in all lakes and streams except as
+closed by order of the superintendent. All fish hooked less than 7
+inches long shall be carefully handled with moist hands and returned at
+once to the water. Fifteen fish (not exceeding a total of 10 pounds)
+shall constitute the limit for a day's catch.
+
+=_Automobiles._=--Obey park traffic rules. Drive carefully at all times.
+The SPEED LIMIT is 20 miles per hour on grades and curves, and on straight
+stretches of road 35 miles per hour. All roads are patrolled. Automobiles
+will be stopped for checking at park entrances. Cars carrying passengers
+for profit are subject to restrictions.
+
+=_Dogs and cats._=--Must be kept securely on a leash while in the park. If
+you have no leash, keep the animal in your car.
+
+=_Park rangers._=--Are for your protection and guidance. Do not hesitate
+to consult them. Accidents, complaints, and suggestions should be reported
+to the superintendent's office immediately.
+
+
+
+
+Events
+OF HISTORICAL IMPORTANCE
+
+
+ 1820 Maj. Stephen H. Long, commanding an exploring party sent out by
+ President Madison in 1819, first sighted Longs Peak. Park area
+ frequented by Arapaho and Ute Indians.
+
+ 1843 Rufus B. Sage, another explorer, visited the area and later
+ published earliest known description in "Rocky Mountain Life, or
+ Startling Scenes and Perilous Adventures in the Far West During
+ an Expedition of Three Years."
+
+ 1859 Joel Estes, the first white settler, entered the park and in
+ 1860 built the first cabin.
+
+ 1865 Charles F. Estes, first white child born in the park.
+
+ 1868 First ascent of Longs Peak. The climb was made by William N.
+ Byers, Maj. J.W. Powell, and five other men.
+
+ 1868 Rocky Mountain Jim, adventurer and frontiersman, settled in area.
+
+ 1869 Earl of Dunraven, famous English sportsman, first visited this
+ area.
+
+ 1871 The Hayden Geographical Survey, under Dr. E.V. Hayden, worked in
+ this region.
+
+ 1874 First stage established between Longmont and Estes Park.
+
+ 1874 Albert Bierstadt, famous artist, first visited the region.
+
+ 1876 First wedding in the park: Anna Ferguson and Richard Hubbell.
+
+ 1878 First hotel built by Earl of Dunraven.
+
+ 1881 First public school established and held in Elkhorn Lodge.
+
+ 1881 The Denver, Utah & Pacific Railroad built to Lyons and projected
+ to Pacific Ocean through Fall River and Milner Passes by Milner,
+ chief engineer for the company.
+
+ 1900 Bear Lake fire.
+
+ 1904 Big Thompson Canyon road completed.
+
+ 1907 Automobile stage line established between Estes Park and Loveland.
+
+ 1909 Automobile stage line established between Estes Park and Lyons.
+
+ 1912 Fall River road begun. Completed in 1920.
+
+ 1915 Rocky Mountain National Park Act approved January 26.
+
+ 1927 Bear Lake road completed.
+
+ 1929 State of Colorado ceded exclusive jurisdiction to Federal
+ Government.
+
+ 1930 Never Summer Range area added to the park.
+
+ 1932 Trail Ridge road opened.
+
+
+
+
+ Contents
+
+ Page
+
+ Land of Lofty Mountains 1
+
+ Easy to Study Glacial Action 4
+
+ Longs Peak 4
+
+ Natural Beauties 5
+
+ Fauna and Flora 7
+
+ Automobile Trips 11
+
+ Denver Circle Trip 11
+
+ Bear Lake Road 14
+
+ Loop Trip 14
+
+ Longs Peak and Wild Basin Trip 14
+
+ Trail Trips 14
+
+ The Flattop Trail 15
+
+ Lawn Lake 15
+
+ Fern and Odessa Lakes 15
+
+ Romantic Loch Vale 18
+
+ Glacier Gorge 19
+
+ The Twin Sisters 19
+
+ Ascent of Longs Peak 19
+
+ Chasm Lake 20
+
+ Wild Basin 21
+
+ Grand Lake 21
+
+ What to Do 22
+
+ Fishing 22
+
+ Horseback Riding and Camping 23
+
+ Winter Sports 23
+
+ Administration 23
+
+ Naturalist Service 24
+
+ Public Campgrounds 24
+
+ Park Season 25
+
+ How to Reach the Park 25
+
+ All-Expense Circle Trips 26
+
+ Transportation in the Park 26
+
+ Accommodations and Expenses 27
+
+ Hotels and Lodges on Park Lands 27
+
+ Private Hotels, Cottages, and Camps 28
+
+ Distances to Principal Points of Interest 28
+
+ The Park's Mountain Peaks 32
+
+ References 35
+
+ Government Publications 37
+
+
+
+
+[Illustration: FERN LAKE, FLATTOP, LITTLE MATTERHORN]
+
+
+ROCKY MOUNTAIN
+_National Park_
+
+
+OPEN ALL YEAR
+
+ROCKY MOUNTAIN NATIONAL PARK includes within its boundaries 405 square
+miles, or 259,411 acres, of the Front Range of the Rockies in
+north-central Colorado, about 50 miles in a straight line north-west of
+Denver. It was established by the act of Congress approved January 26,
+1915, and its boundaries adjusted by the acts of Congress approved
+February 14, 1917, June 9, 1926, and June 21, 1930. Its eastern gateway
+is the beautiful valley village of Estes Park, from which easy and
+comfortable access is had up to the noblest heights and into the most
+picturesque recesses of the mountains.
+
+Rocky Mountain National Park is by far the most accessible of our
+national parks; that is, nearest to the large centers of population in
+the East and Middle West.
+
+
+
+
+LAND OF LOFTY MOUNTAINS
+
+
+For many years the Front Range of the Rockies has been the mecca of the
+mountain lovers of this country. The name conjures European ideas of
+American mountain grandeur. The selection of this particular section,
+with its magnificent and diversified scenic range, for national park
+status, met with popular approval.
+
+It is splendidly representative. In nobility, in calm dignity, in the
+sheer glory of stalwart beauty, there is no mountain group to excel the
+company of snow-capped veterans of all the ages which stands at
+everlasting parade behind its grim, helmeted captain, Longs Peak.
+
+There is probably no other scenic neighborhood of the first order which
+combines mountain outlines so bold with a quality of beauty so intimate
+and refined. Just to live in the valley in the eloquent and
+ever-changing presence of these carved and tinted peaks is in itself
+satisfaction. But to climb into their embrace, to know them in the
+intimacy of their bare summits and their flowered glaciated gorges, is
+to turn a new, unforgettable page in human experience.
+
+
+[Illustration: BEAR LAKE, WITH MASSIVE LONGS PEAK IN THE BACKGROUND]
+
+_Shelk photo._
+
+
+This national park reaches lofty heights. The summer visitors who live
+at the base of the great mountains are 8,000 feet, or more than a mile
+and a half, above the level of the sea; while the mountains themselves
+rise precipitously nearly a mile, and often even higher. Longs Peak, the
+largest of them all, rises 14,255 feet above sea level, and most of the
+other mountains in the Snowy Range, as it is sometimes called, are more
+than 12,000 feet high; several are nearly as high as Longs Peak.
+
+The valleys on both sides of this range and those which penetrate into
+its recesses are dotted with parklike glades clothed in a profusion of
+glowing wild flowers and watered with streams from the mountain snows
+and glaciers. Forests of evergreens and silver-stemmed aspen separate
+them.
+
+This range was once a famous hunting ground for large game. Lord
+Dunraven, a famous English sportsman, visited it to shoot its deer,
+bear, and bighorn sheep, and acquired large holdings by purchase of
+homesteadings and squatters' claims, much of which was reduced in the
+contests that followed.
+
+The range lies, roughly speaking, north and south. The gentler slope is
+on the west. On the east side the descent from the Continental Divide is
+precipitous in the extreme. Sheer drops of two or three thousand feet
+into rock-bound gorges carpeted with snow patches and wild flowers are
+common. Seen from the east-side valleys this range rises in daring
+relief, craggy in outline, snow spattered, awe inspiring.
+
+In the north-east corner lies a spur from the Continental Divide, the
+Mummy Range, a tumbled majestic mountain mass which includes some of the
+loftiest peaks and one of the finest glaciers.
+
+To the south of Longs Peak the country grows even wilder. The range is a
+succession of superb peaks. The southern park boundary unfortunately
+cuts arbitrarily through a superlative massing of noble snow-covered
+summits.
+
+The west side, gentler in its slopes and less majestic in its mountain
+massings, is a region of loveliness and wildness diversified by splendid
+mountains, innumerable streams and lakes of great charm. Grand Lake,
+which has railroad connections nearby, is one of the largest natural
+lakes in Colorado and the deepest lake in this region.
+
+One of the striking features of Rocky Mountain National Park is the easy
+accessibility of these mountain tops. One may mount a horse after early
+breakfast in the valley, ride up Flattop to enjoy one of the great views
+of the world, and be back for late luncheon. The hardy foot traveler may
+make better time than the horse on these mountain trails. One may cross
+the Continental Divide from the hotels of one side to the hotels of the
+other between early breakfast and late dinner or motor between these
+points via the Trail Ridge Road in 2 hours.
+
+The Trail Ridge Road, which crosses the Continental Divide, connects
+Estes Park on the east side with Grand Lake on the west side. The road
+reaches the unusual elevation of 12,183 feet above sea level. Another
+road leads from the village of Estes Park up the Thompson River Valley
+to the Bear Lake Entrance. It then follows up the valley of Glacier
+Creek and ends at Bear Lake at the foot of Hallett Peak and Flattop
+Mountain.
+
+
+
+
+EASY TO STUDY GLACIAL ACTION
+
+
+One of the remarkable features of Rocky Mountain National Park is the
+legibility of the record left by the glaciers during the ages when
+America was in the making. The evidences of glacial action, in all their
+variety make themselves apparent to even the most casual eye.
+
+In fact, there is scarcely any part of the eastern side where some great
+moraine does not force itself upon the attention. One enormous moraine
+built up by an ancient glacier and rising with sloping sides nearly a
+thousand feet above the valley is so prominent that Moraine Park is
+named for it. From Longs Peak on the east side the Mills Moraine makes a
+bold curve which instantly draws questions from visitors.
+
+There are several remnants of these mighty ice masses which can be seen
+at the present time. Three of the largest ice fields, Andrews, Rowe, and
+Tyndall Glaciers, are visited by many people each year, while the
+smaller glaciers such as Taylor and Spragues have interest and charm.
+
+In short, this park itself is a primer of glacial geology whose lessons
+are so simple, so plain to the eye, that they immediately disclose the
+key to one of nature's scenic secrets.
+
+
+
+
+LONGS PEAK
+
+
+The greatest of all the mountains in the park, Longs Peak, has a massive
+square head. It is a real architectural structure like an enormous
+column of solid rock buttressed up on four sides with long rock ledges.
+On the east side a precipice of 1,200 feet drops sheer from the summit
+into the wildest lake that one can possibly imagine. It is called Chasm
+Lake and there is only one month in the year when its surface is not at
+least partially frozen. Mount Meeker and Mount Lady Washington enclose
+it on the south and north, and snow fields edge its waters the year
+round.
+
+In 1820 Maj. S.H. Long first saw the mountain that now bears his name.
+The report of his expedition records that on June 30 of that year his
+party caught their first glimpse of the Rocky Mountains, and
+particularly noted one peak, which they referred to as "the highest
+peak." Long's expedition followed up the valley of the Platte River, and
+his closest approach to the peak was at a distance of about 40 miles.
+Fremont found that the name Longs Peak was in general use among the fur
+hunters and pioneers in 1842. The first recorded ascent was in 1868,
+when it was climbed by W.N. Byers, Maj. J.W. Powell (who the following
+year made the first passage of the Grand Canyon), and five other men.
+
+
+
+
+NATURAL BEAUTIES
+
+
+A distinguishing feature of Rocky Mountain National Park is its
+profusion of precipice-walled canyons lying between the very feet, so to
+speak, of the loftiest mountains. Their beauty is romantic to a high
+degree. Like all the other spectacles of this favored region, they are
+readily accessible from the valley villages by trail, either afoot or on
+horseback.
+
+Usually several lakes are found, rock embedded, in such a gorge.
+Ice-cold streams wander from lake to lake, watering wild-flower gardens
+of luxuriance and beauty. However, the entire park is a garden of wild
+flowers. From early June to late September, even into October, the
+gorges and the meadows, the slopes, and even the loftier summits, bloom
+with colors that change with the season. Blues, lilacs, and whites are
+the earlier prevailing tints; yellow predominates as autumn approaches.
+
+There are few wilder and lovelier spots, for instance, than Loch Vale,
+3,000 feet sheer below Taylor Peak. Adjoining it lies Glacier Gorge on
+the precipitous western slope of Longs Peak and holding in its embrace a
+group of lakelets. These, with lesser gorges cradling romantic Bear
+Lake, picturesque Dream Lake, beautiful Fern Lake, and exquisite Odessa
+Lake, and still others yet unnamed, constitute the Wild Gardens of the
+Rocky Mountain National Park, lying in the angle north of Longs Peak;
+while in the angle south lies a little known wilderness of lakes and
+gorges called Wild Basin.
+
+At timberline, where the winter temperature and the fierce icy winds
+make it impossible for trees to grow tall, the spruces lie flat on the
+ground like vines; presently they give place to low birches, which, in
+their turn, give place to small piney growths, and finally to tough,
+straggling grass, hardy mosses, and tiny alpine flowers. Grass grows in
+sheltered spots even on the highest peaks, which is fortunate for the
+large curve-horned mountain sheep which seek these high, open places to
+escape their special enemies, the mountain lions. Even at the highest
+altitudes gorgeously colored wild flowers grow in glory and profusion in
+sheltered gorges. Large and beautiful columbines are found in the lee of
+protecting masses of snow banks and glaciers.
+
+
+[Illustration: A HIGH COUNTRY LODGE]
+
+_Grant photo._
+
+
+Nowhere else is the timberline struggle between the trees and the winds
+more grotesquely exemplified or its scene more easily accessible to
+visitors of average climbing ability. The first sight of luxuriant
+Engelmann spruces creeping close to the ground instead of rising 150
+feet or more straight and true as masts arouses keenest interest. Many
+trees which defy the winter gales grow bent in half circles. Others,
+starting straight in the shelter of some large rock, bend at right
+angles where they emerge above. Others which have succeeded in lifting
+their heads in spite of winds have not succeeded in growing branches in
+any direction except in the lee of their trunks, and suggest big
+evergreen dust brushes rather than spruces and firs.
+
+Above timberline the bare mountain masses rise from one to three
+thousand feet, often in sheer precipices. Covered with snow in autumn,
+winter, and spring, and plentifully spattered with snow all summer long,
+the vast, bare granite masses, from which, in fact, the Rocky Mountains
+got their name, are beautiful beyond description. They are rosy at
+sunrise and sunset. During fair and sunny days they show all shades of
+translucent grays and mauves and blues. In some lights they are almost
+fairylike in their delicacy. But on stormy days they are cold and dark
+and forbidding, burying their heads in gloomy clouds from which
+sometimes they emerge covered with snow.
+
+
+
+
+FAUNA AND FLORA
+
+
+The national park is a sanctuary for wildlife. Animals and birds are
+protected from hunting. Living trees may not be cut or injured. Flowers
+may not be picked. The cooperation of visitors is requested, in order
+that the wildlife of the park may be protected, that the flowers may
+continue in their present abundance, and that the forests of the park
+may not suffer injury from fire or other cause.
+
+
+ANIMALS
+
+The lofty rocks are the natural home of the celebrated Rocky Mountain
+sheep, or bighorn. This animal is much larger than any domestic sheep.
+It is powerful and wonderfully agile. When fleeing from enemies these
+sheep, even the lambs, make remarkable descents down seemingly
+impossible slopes. They do not land on their curved horns, as many
+persons declare, but upon their four feet held closely together. Landing
+on some nearby ledge, which breaks their fall, they immediately plunge
+downward again to another ledge, and so on till they reach good footing
+in the valley below. They also ascend slopes surprisingly steep. They
+are more agile even than the celebrated chamois of the Swiss Alps, and
+are larger, more powerful, and much handsomer. A flock of a dozen or
+more mountain sheep making their way along the volcanic flow which
+constitutes Specimen Mountain in Rocky Mountain National Park is an
+unforgettable sight.
+
+The beaver, whose dams and other structures, both old and new, found
+along most streams at middle altitudes, are rarely seen except at night
+or very early morning. Elk occur in numerous places, and deer which are
+widely distributed are commonly seen. Coyotes and brown or black bear
+are occasionally seen, but these, like the mountain lion, bobcat, and
+small carnivorous animals, are not only rare, but so wary that they are
+seldom seen by visitors.
+
+Among smaller animals, the most familiar are the marmot or woodchuck,
+Freemont or pine squirrel, three kinds of chipmunks, and the interesting
+little cony or pika, which lives among the rocks on high mountains and
+is more often heard than seen. In all, over 60 species of mammals live
+in the park.
+
+
+[Illustration: ELK HERD GRAZING IN PARK MEADOW]
+
+
+BIRDS
+
+The commonest species are the western robin, the beautiful mountain
+bluebird, and, at middle elevations, the chickadee and junco. The hermit
+thrush and the solitaire, generally classed among the finest songbirds
+in the world, are both fairly common in suitable localities; and but
+little inferior to these in musical performance are the purple finch,
+ruby-crowned kinglet, western meadowlark, and rock and canyon wrens. The
+graceful violet-green swallow is unsurpassed in beauty of form and
+color, and the crested jay, magpie, and nutcracker are conspicuous for
+their handsome appearance and vigorous flight. Among birds particularly
+interesting because of curious and unusual habits are the broadtailed
+hummingbird, water ouzel, campbird, nuthatch, nighthawk, and the
+ptarmigan, pipit, and rosy finch of the high peaks.
+
+Although widely distributed through the park, birds are more numerous
+along streams and near open marshes and meadows than in the dense forests.
+About 100 species are found regularly in summer, and nearly 150 have been
+recorded during the whole year.
+
+
+FLOWERS
+
+This park is especially notable for the presence of the blue columbine
+and many beautiful flowers of the gentian and primrose families; for the
+profusion of dwarf alpine plants on the meadows above timberline; and for
+the brilliance of certain species found in moist glades of the subalpine
+zone. Striking examples of the latter are the tall blue larkspur and
+monkshood, of many vivid hues, and the curious little red elephant.
+
+Conspicuous and characteristic flowers of the lower altitudes are the
+mariposa lily, iris, wallflower, gaillardia, and numerous species of
+cinquefoil, pentstemon, and evening primrose. Among the less common
+groups, several delicate species of orchid, pyrola, violet, and anemone
+will delight the botanist. Over 700 distinct species of flowering plants
+have been collected within the park, and doubtless many more await
+discovery and identification by the careful student.
+
+
+TREES
+
+The principal trees are the Engelmann spruce, which forms extensive
+primeval forests in the subalpine region, the lodgepole pine, the
+prevailing tree of middle elevation, very common in second growth, and the
+ponderosa pine, a large spreading tree, occurring mainly in the lower
+valleys and foothills. The limber pine is frequent in high rocky places,
+assuming picturesque forms at timberline, and the Douglas fir, or false
+hemlock, is widely distributed, while the blue spruce and alpine fir are
+confined to moist stream banks. In addition to the coniferous trees, there
+are three species of poplar, of which the commonest is the well-known
+quaking aspen, growing in scattered groves throughout the park.
+
+
+[Illustration: ICEBERG LAKE FROM TRAIL RIDGE ROAD]
+
+_Clatworthy photo._
+
+
+
+
+AUTOMOBILE TRIPS
+
+
+DENVER CIRCLE TRIP
+
+The Trail Ridge Road, which crosses the Continental Divide in Rocky
+Mountain National Park, offers a grand circuit of Colorado's beauties
+that forms one of the most attractive and impressive of the scenic
+automobile trips of our country.
+
+The trip starts from Denver, crosses the Continental Divide at Milner
+Pass in Rocky Mountain National Park, reaches Grand Lake, crosses the
+Continental Divide again at Berthoud Pass, traverses the Denver Mountain
+Parks, and returns to Denver, having completed without any duplication
+240 miles of comfortable travel through magnificent country, full of
+interest and variety; the trip can be made in 2 days or it can be
+prolonged to suit individual time and inclination. It combines in one
+trip half a dozen features, any one of which by itself would be worth
+the journey. The Rocky Mountain Parks Transportation Co. operates daily
+scheduled trips over this route during the summer season.
+
+On leaving Denver the road leads out Federal Boulevard, crosses
+Westminster Heights, from which point there is an extensive view of the
+Great Plains to the east and a panorama of the Front Range of the Rocky
+Mountains to the west, stretching out before the eye from Pikes Peak to
+Longs Peak, a rampart of mighty mountains, 125 miles from end to end.
+The road then passes through a farming section, where irrigation has
+turned what was once an arid plain into a richly productive district.
+Fields of deep green alfalfa alternate with the waving wheat, and in the
+fall of the year the harvesting and threshing add new life to the
+landscape. Next is the town of Lafayette, where coal mining is the
+principal industry, and then the road traverses a sugar-beet country.
+Colorado is the sugar bowl of the United States, and here is one of the
+regions where the beets are most successfully grown. At Longmont and
+Loveland are large factories, where sugar is extracted from the beets
+and refined for table use. At Loveland the road turns westward and soon
+plunges into the precipitous canyon of the Thompson River, where it
+follows the turns of the dashing stream, walled in by towering cliffs.
+Then comes the village of Estes Park at the edge of Rocky Mountain
+National Park and half surrounded by it. From the green of the
+meadowland the eye follows the slope, up, up, up, over timbered hills
+and rocky cliffs, past timberline to the crest of the Continental Divide
+where snow lingers, and to Longs Peak.
+
+Continuing the journey, two routes lie open to the motorist. One of
+these follows up the valley of Fall River, 2 miles beyond the Fall River
+gateway, and then turns left over a portion of the Highdrive to the
+beginning of the new Trail Ridge Road.
+
+The other road leads past the Government museum and information office
+to Moraine Park and Deer Ridge, with a magnificent view of Longs Peak
+and the Continental Divide.
+
+The Trail Ridge Road is the highest continuous automobile road in
+America. Its 4-mile section over 12,000 feet in altitude is probably the
+longest stretch of road ever built at such a height. The trip to Grand
+Lake on this road is a never-to-be-forgotten experience. The road climbs
+to the very crest of the range and then follows the ridge. Valleys and
+parks lie thousands of feet below, rivers look like tiny silver threads,
+and automobiles on the highways of the floor of the valley resemble
+minute moving dots.
+
+To the south an unexcelled view of the most rugged portion of the Front
+Range is spread out, while to the north, across Fall River Valley, the
+view is dominated by the majestic Mummy Range, and the course of the old
+Fall River Road may be traced as it zigzags up the slope of Mount Chapin
+toward Fall River Pass. Over a 350-foot cliff one may look into
+fascinating Iceberg Lake, a rock-bound crystal pool on which float
+blocks of ice.
+
+A short distance beyond Iceberg Lake the highest point on the road is
+reached, 12,183 feet above sea level; the road descending to Fall River
+Pass, elevation 11,797 feet, which divides the waters of the Thompson
+River from those of the Cache la Poudre. The view from this point is
+unsurpassed. Below lie streams, valleys, forested slopes, and the realms
+of civilization. All around are mountains and peaks, no longer towering
+above but close at hand or seen across some mighty valley. One can
+easily trace the work done by the glaciers during the ice age on these
+mountain ranges; the broad U-shaped valleys and precipitous
+amphitheaters or cirques at the head of the streams are the typical
+glacial signs, written in bold letters on the landscape. To the south is
+Trail Ridge. Iceberg Lake, walled in by cliffs, is only a mile distant,
+though not in sight. To the west is Specimen Mountain, interesting
+because of the variety of color in its volcanic rocks, geodes lined with
+crystalline material, volcanic glass, and other curious formations. It
+is also the home of the mountain sheep.
+
+Farther to the west lies the Medicine Bow Range, or, as the Indians so
+picturesquely named it, the "Never Summer" range. Of its many peaks the
+most prominent are Bowen, Nimbus, Red, Cumulus, Howard, Lead, and,
+highest of all in this range, Mount Richthofen, 12,953 feet in
+elevation. Strange as it may seem, Milner Pass lies below, and one
+descends in order to cross the Continental Divide. The road drops down
+into the forest zone, passes Poudre Lakes, and crosses Milner Pass at an
+elevation of 10,759 feet. The Atlantic slope lies behind and, crossing
+the backbone of the continent, one travels down the Pacific slope to the
+headwaters of the Colorado River. The valley of the North Fork is hemmed
+in by mountains. The Continental Divide makes a loop here and blocks
+progress to the west, north, and east. The valley opens to the south,
+however, and the road proceeds down the north fork of the Colorado
+River.
+
+Grand Lake, the sapphire gem on the western edge of the national park,
+is one of the largest and most beautifully situated lakes in the State.
+It is a mile and a half in length and nearly a mile in width. Its clear,
+cold water is of great depth. The lake lies at an elevation of 8,369
+feet and claims the highest yacht club in the world. The annual regatta
+is an event of much interest. At the head of the lake Mount Craig rises
+to a height of 12,005 feet, while Shadow Mountain, Bryant, Wescott, and
+Mount Enentah are nearby.
+
+This is a point of concentration for park visitors where nearly
+everybody spends at least one night. Fishing, boating, horseback riding,
+and mountain climbing are some of the outdoor attractions.
+
+Leaving the lake, the road follows down the Colorado River, passes the
+town of Granby, and commences the climb up a beautifully timbered valley
+to Berthoud Pass. Here, close to timberline, the watershed between the
+two oceans is again crossed. The road approaches near Georgetown, famed
+for its railroad loop, and then passes through Idaho Springs, with its
+hot springs and medicinal baths. Soon the valley of Clear Creek is left
+behind and the climb to Bergen Park is made where the Denver Mountain
+Parks are entered. In this region is Lookout Mountain, where Colonel
+Cody, "Buffalo Bill", is buried, overlooking the plains he knew so well.
+
+From Wildcat Point there is a splendid view of foothills and plains,
+with Denver some 12 or 14 miles away.
+
+
+BEAR LAKE ROAD
+
+The Bear Lake Road passes the Glacier Basin public campground, 7 miles
+from Estes Park, and then follows up the valley of Glacier Creek,
+passing near Sprague's Lodge, and ends at Bear Lake, 12 miles from Estes
+Park. This is one of the best roads within the park boundaries. Bear
+Lake Lodge, on the eastern shore of the lake, offers good
+accommodations. The trail to Loch Vale starts from the Bear Lake Road,
+about 10 miles from Estes Park. From this trail or from Bear Lake the
+hiker can reach some beautiful and scenic country, including Glacier
+Gorge, Loch Vale, Dream Lake, and Tyndall Gorge. The trail to Fern Lake
+and the Flattop Trail to Grand Lake may be conveniently reached from
+Bear Lake. North Longs Peak Trail also leaves the road at this point.
+
+
+LOOP TRIP
+
+One may combine portions of several roads by taking what is known as the
+loop trip. Starting from Estes Park, the route follows the Fall River
+Road up to Chasm Falls and back to Horseshoe Park, then over Deer Ridge
+to Beaver and Moraine Parks, then a side trip up the Bear Lake Road and
+back, returning to Estes Park by the Moraine Park Road. This loop trip
+takes one by many of the hotels and other points of interest and offers
+scenic views. The circuit of the Highdrive is 17 miles. Including the
+trip to Bear Lake and other points, the distance is about 40 miles.
+
+
+LONGS PEAK AND WILD BASIN TRIP
+
+The main road to the Longs Peak district comes in just east of the
+village of Estes Park, skirting the east boundary of the park to its
+south-east corner. It passes between Longs Peak and the Twin Sisters, a
+detached area of the park on which a fire lookout is stationed, and
+several of the finest foot trips in the park are accessible from this
+road.
+
+Continuing in a southerly direction, the road skirts the eastern
+boundary of the park and leads to Copeland Lodge on North St. Vrain
+Creek. From this point a trail leads into Wild Basin, a very attractive
+though less frequented portion of the park.
+
+The road continues to Allens Park, thence to Ward, Nederland, and
+Boulder; another road leads down the South St. Vrain to Lyons.
+
+
+
+
+TRAIL TRIPS
+
+
+Travelers on trails are advised to secure the services of licensed
+guides for all except the shortest trips. Besides insuring security, the
+guide adds greatly to one's comfort and enjoyment. He knows the country
+and its features of interest, and also has a general knowledge of the
+trees and wild flowers. Information as to guides can be secured at the
+park information office.
+
+
+THE FLATTOP TRAIL
+
+The Flattop Trail crosses the Continental Divide between Estes Park
+Village on the east and Grand Lake Village on the west. The 16-mile trip
+may be made on horseback or on foot in 1 day, but it takes a seasoned
+trail traveler to do it with pleasure. The trail starts at Bear Lake,
+where horses may be rented, and climbs Bierstadt Moraine. It emerges
+above timberline, overlooking Emerald Lake and Tyndall Glacier, and
+commands spectacular views of Longs Peak and other mountains, both in
+the park and in distant ranges. The grassy slopes above timberline,
+bedecked with exquisite alpine flowers, afford good summer grazing for
+elk and mountain sheep.
+
+After descending to timberline on the western slope, the trail leads
+through evergreen forests, along the North Inlet to Grand Lake.
+
+
+LAWN LAKE
+
+The glories of the Mummy Range, exemplified chiefly in Lawn Lake and
+Rowe Glacier, may be seen from a trail starting from Horseshoe Park by
+way of Roaring River. There is a shelter on beautiful Lawn Lake. This
+lake, which has an area of 65 acres, lies at the bottom of the main
+cirque at the head of Roaring River. It is one of the many glacial lakes
+of the park, and lies just below timberline at an altitude of 10,950
+feet.
+
+The trip from Lawn Lake to Rowe Glacier is difficult but well worth
+while. The glacier is the largest in the park. It is a great crescent of
+ice partly surrounding a small lake. While the glacier is extremely
+impressive, still it is small enough to permit a thorough examination
+without undue fatigue. Hagues Peak is a resort of Rocky Mountain sheep
+and ptarmigan.
+
+
+FERN AND ODESSA LAKES
+
+The group of luxuriant canyons east of the Continental Divide and north
+of the eastern spur which ends in Longs Peak is known as the "Wild
+Gardens" in distinction from the corresponding and scarcely less
+magnificent hollow south of Longs Peak, which is known as "Wild Basin."
+
+Of these canyons, one, the most gorgeous, frames two lakes of exquisite
+beauty. The upper one, Odessa Lake, lies under the Continental Divide
+and reflects snowy monsters in its still waters. The other, Fern Lake, a
+mile below, is one of the loveliest examples of forest-bordered waters
+in the Rockies.
+
+These lakes are reached by trail from Moraine Park. They constitute a
+day's trip of memorable charm. Fern Lodge, located at the edge of the
+lake, offers comfortable accommodations. Several splendid trips can be
+taken on foot with Fern Lake as a starting point. Winter sports are held
+here every year. Forest Inn, a camp located at the Pool, is close to the
+Fern Lake trail.
+
+A trail connects Bear Lake with Odessa Lake. One of the finest trail
+trips in the park is the circle trip from Bear Lake to Odessa Lake, and
+thence to Fern Lake and Moraine Park. The distance from Bear Lake to the
+Brinwood by this route is 9 miles, but a day is usually allowed for the
+trip.
+
+
+[Illustration: MAP OF ROCKY MOUNTAIN NATIONAL PARK]
+
+
+[Illustration: HALLETT PEAK, TYNDALL GLACIER, AND FLATTOP MOUNTAIN,
+ACROSS BEAR LAKE]
+
+_Shelk photo._
+
+
+ROMANTIC LOCH VALE
+
+Within a right-angled bend of the Continental Divide lies a
+glacier-watered, cliff-cradled valley which for sheer rocky wildness and
+the glory of its flowers has few equals. At its head Taylor Peak lifts
+itself precipitously 3,000 feet to a total height of more than 13,000
+feet, and from its western foot rises Otis Peak, of nearly equal
+loftiness, the two carrying between them broken perpendicular walls
+carved by the ages into fantastic shapes. One dent encloses Andrews
+Glacier and lets its waters find the Loch. On the eastern side another
+giant, Thatchtop, sheltering the Taylor Glacier, walls in the upper end
+of Loch Vale. It is easily reached by a trail that leaves the Bear Lake
+Road, 10 miles from Estes Park, or 1 mile below Bear Lake.
+
+In this wild embrace lies a valley 2 or 3 miles long ascending from the
+richest of forests to the barren glacier. Through it tinkles Icy Brook,
+stringing like jewels, three small lakes. Those who love to explore the
+undeveloped and less frequented regions will enjoy the wild beauty and
+impressive grandeur of Loch Vale. The Lake of Glass and Sky Pond, just
+below Taylor Glacier, can be visited in a day's trip. Another wonderful
+day can be spent in a trip to the foot of Andrews Glacier.
+
+
+GLACIER GORGE
+
+One of the noblest gorges in any mountain range the world over lies
+south of Loch Vale. It is reached from the Bear Lake Road, by the Loch
+Vale trail, although there are no trails in the gorge. Above Lake Mills
+the western wall of the gorge is formed by McHenrys Peak and Thatchtop;
+its head lies in the hollow between the Continental Divide and Longs
+Peak, with Chiefs Head and Pagoda looming on its horizon. Its eastern
+wall is the long sharp northern buttress of Longs Peak itself. It is a
+gorge of indescribable wildness. Lake Mills lies near the mouth of the
+valley, Black Lake is toward the upper end, while Shelf Lake, Blue Lake,
+and several others are perched on benches high above the valley floor.
+
+This gorge is magnificent and worth visiting. There is no trail to
+Keyhole, on the great shoulder of Longs Peak, but the ascent can be
+made. The canyon is luxuriantly covered in places with a large variety
+of wild flowers.
+
+
+THE TWIN SISTERS
+
+Nine miles south of the village of Estes Park, split by the boundary
+line of the national park, rises the precipitous, picturesque, and very
+craggy mountain called the "Twin Sisters", on which the park maintains a
+fire lookout. Its elevation is 2,400 feet above the valley floor, which
+is about 9,000 feet high. The trail leads by many zigzags to a peak from
+which appears the finest view by far of Longs Peak and its guardians,
+Mount Meeker and Mount Lady Washington.
+
+From the summit of the Twin Sisters an impressive view is also had of
+the foothills east of the park, with glimpses beyond of the great plains
+of eastern Colorado and many of their irrigating reservoirs.
+
+
+ASCENT OF LONGS PEAK
+
+Of the many fascinating and delightful mountain climbs, the ascent of
+Longs Peak is the most inspiring, and it is one of the most strenuous.
+The great altitude of the mountain, 14,255 feet above sea level and more
+than 5,000 feet above the valley floor, and its position well east of
+the Continental Divide, affording a magnificent view back upon the
+range, make it much the most spectacular viewpoint in the park. The
+difficulty of the ascent also has its attractiveness. Longs Peak is the
+big climb of the Rocky Mountain National Park. And yet the ascent is by
+no means forbidding. One may go more than half-way by horseback. Over a
+thousand men and women, and occasionally children, climb the peak each
+season. Those making the Longs Peak trip should have strong, comfortable
+shoes, stout warm clothing, and remember that cold or stormy weather is
+sometimes encountered.
+
+The peak may be reached by either of two trails which lead to the
+Boulder Field, the highest point on the climb to which horses may be
+taken. The east trail, which begins near Longs Peak post office, 9 miles
+south of Estes Park, winds up the slope of Battle Mountain, passes
+timberline at an elevation of more than 11,000 feet, swings to the crest
+of Mills Moraine, overlooking Chasm Gorge, then skirts the slope of
+Mount Lady Washington, goes through Granite Pass, and leads to the
+shelter cabin in the center of the Boulder Field, at an elevation of
+12,700 feet, a distance of 6 miles.
+
+From Glacier Gorge Junction on the Bear Lake Road, the north trail winds
+its way up the north slope of the peak through the great burn of 1900
+and joins the east trail at Granite Pass, a mile and a half below the
+Boulder Field cabin. The distance to the Boulder Field by this trail is
+9 miles.
+
+From the Boulder Field cabin the ascent to the summit may be made by
+either of two routes. The north face route, which is the shorter, climbs
+the precipitous north side of the summit, skirting along the rim of the
+east precipice, with magnificent views down the sheer drop of 1,200 feet
+into Chasm Lake in the gorge below. The Longs Peak climb includes the
+hazards usual to any major mountain ascent. Visitors are cautioned that
+use of the assisting cables on the North Face route is at their risk and
+the Government is in no way responsible. The other route leads across
+the Boulder Field to the Keyhole, half a mile distant and some 500 feet
+higher, where there is a small storm shelter.
+
+On passing through the Keyhole, one sees the imposing Front Range, and
+2,000 feet below the Glacier Gorge. To the left there is a narrow,
+steeply inclined ice-filled gulch, called the Trough. Finally, after
+what is to the amateur often an exhausting climb, one passes along the
+Narrows, up a steep incline known as the Homestretch.
+
+The trip to the Keyhole is well worth while for those who do not care to
+climb Longs Peak, but who do wish to see at close range the rugged
+grandeur of the mountains. Another splendid foot trip from the Boulder
+Field cabin is to Chasm View, half a mile distant, where one sees the
+precipitous east face of Longs Peak, from the summit down to Chasm Lake,
+2,500 feet below.
+
+
+CHASM LAKE
+
+One may ride on horseback almost to Chasm Lake. The view from here is
+magnificent, and the upper gorge is one of the most impressive in the
+park. Both Chasm Lake and the Keyhole may be visited in a day. This is
+an exceptionally fine trip, and if horses are used it is not difficult.
+
+
+WILD BASIN
+
+The splendid Wild Basin area south of Longs Peak and east of the
+Continental Divide is dotted with lakes of superb beauty in a sublime
+mountain setting. It is entered from Copeland Lake by an unimproved road
+up the North Fork of St. Vrain Creek, which soon lapses into a trail.
+From mountain tops on the south may be had unsurpassed views of the
+snowy mountains. The largest lakes of Wild Basin--Thunder Lake and
+Bluebird Lake--are both above timberline but are easily accessible by
+trails.
+
+
+GRAND LAKE
+
+The North and East Inlets are the two principal rivers entering
+beautiful Grand Lake. Each flows from cirques under the Continental
+Divide. Lake Nokoni and Lake Nanita, among the most romantic of the
+park, are reached from a trail connecting with both sides of the park by
+the Flattop Trail. Lake Verna and her unnamed sisters are the beautiful
+sources of the East Inlet and are reached by trail.
+
+
+[Illustration: GRAND LAKE ON THE WESTERN EDGE OF THE PARK]
+
+_Grace photo._
+
+
+While not yet as celebrated as the showier and more populated east side,
+the west side of Rocky Mountain National Park has rugged charm. The
+Continental Divide, bent from the north and called the "Never Summer
+Mountains", rises from the western shore of the Colorado River. On every
+side the mountains lift bald peaks, magnificent canyons penetrate the
+precipices of the Divide, and beautiful streams rush down the mountain
+slopes to the river.
+
+
+
+
+WHAT TO DO
+
+
+There are few places which offer as many diversions as Rocky Mountain
+National Park. The Estes Park Golf and Country Club has an excellent
+18-hole golf course and a tennis court. Several hotels have croquet and
+tennis courts. There is much motoring, horseback riding, fishing, and
+hiking. The motorist may skirt the loftiest of snow-splashed mountains
+for miles, or he may motor up the Trail Ridge Road and leave his car to
+start afoot on mountain-top tramps and picnics, or across the
+Continental Divide to Grand Lake. The horseback rider may find an
+infinite variety of valley roads, trails, and cross-country courses, and
+the hiker strike up the mountain trails into the rocky fastnesses.
+
+
+[Illustration: A TYPICAL PARK SCENE]
+
+
+FISHING
+
+Fishing is permitted in all streams and lakes of the park except as
+closed by order of the superintendent. Information regarding closed
+areas may be obtained at any ranger station. All of the lower streams
+and lakes, and many of the lakes in the higher altitudes, are well
+stocked with trout. The State of Colorado stocks the park waters, and,
+therefore, a Colorado State license is required for males over 16 years
+of age. These may be purchased in the villages of Grand Lake and Estes
+Park. Fishing tackle can be purchased or rented from several stores in
+the village of Estes Park.
+
+A fish hatchery, operated by the State of Colorado, is located on the
+Fall River Road, 4 miles west of Estes Park. This hatchery supplies
+about 1,000,000 trout fry every year to the streams and lakes of this
+vicinity. The process of hatching and caring for the trout is explained
+to visitors, and the hatchery has proved to be of interest to many
+thousands each year.
+
+
+HORSEBACK RIDING AND CAMPING
+
+At Estes Park and the smaller settlements nearby, and at Grand Lake,
+horses and complete camping outfits may be had at reasonable rates.
+General groceries and suitable equipment, including clothing and shoes,
+can be purchased from the general stores in Estes Park Village. Saddle
+horses may be rented at many of the hotels. There is much horseback
+riding throughout the entire district.
+
+There are many competent guides in the vicinity who will arrange special
+trips, either on foot or by saddle horse, and either stopping at hotels
+or camping out, according to the preference of the party. A list of
+authorized guides can be secured at the park information office.
+
+
+WINTER SPORTS
+
+Rocky Mountain National Park has unusual advantages for winter sports,
+interest in which is steadily increasing. The town of Estes Park is
+readily accessible by automobile, and hotel accommodations are available
+there every month in the year. The Rocky Mountain National Park Ski Club
+has constructed ski courses near Estes Park where tournaments are held
+periodically. Cross-country trips may be taken in the high mountainous
+country where the snowfall is heavy and where good skiing conditions
+prevail during the winter and early spring. Allens Park and Grand Lake
+also have ski clubs and ski courses. Skijoring, snowshoeing,
+tobogganing, and skating may also be enjoyed.
+
+
+
+
+ADMINISTRATION
+
+
+Rocky Mountain National Park is under the control and supervision of the
+Director of the National Park Service, who is represented in the
+administration of the park by a superintendent, assisted by a number of
+park rangers who patrol the reservation. Thomas J. Allen, Jr., is
+superintendent of the park, and his post office address is Estes Park,
+Colo.
+
+Exclusive jurisdiction over the park was ceded to the United States by
+act of the Colorado Legislature of February 19, 1929, and accepted by
+Congress by act approved March 2, 1929. The United States commissioner
+for the park may be reached through the superintendent's office.
+
+An information bureau is maintained at the national park museum building
+in Estes Park to supply visitors with desired information regarding
+accommodations, transportation schedules, foot trips, guides, and other
+information relative to the park.
+
+The post office for the park and many hotels and resorts on the east
+side is Estes Park, Colo. There are post offices at Longs Peak and
+Allens Park, but letters addressed to Estes Park will be forwarded. The
+west-side post office is at Grand Lake, Colo.
+
+
+NATURALIST SERVICE
+
+Illustrated lectures are given at various points throughout the park and
+vicinity each evening. Nature hikes, from a few hours to a day in
+length, are conducted regularly.
+
+A museum of natural history containing interesting exhibits is located
+near the office. An information office is maintained in the same
+building, which dispenses road and general information. A small branch
+museum is located at Fall River Pass. A museum of Indian and historical
+material is located on the main highway in Moraine Park.
+
+A complete schedule of the week's activities is posted at all hotels,
+lodges, and campgrounds. For detailed information inquire at the museum.
+There is no charge for any of the above-mentioned activities.
+
+
+PUBLIC CAMPGROUNDS
+
+The National Park Service maintains six free public campgrounds, as
+follows:
+
+Squeaky Bob Campground, located on the Trail Ridge Road, 38 miles west
+of Estes Park, and 12 miles north of Grand Lake.
+
+Glacier Basin Campground, located on the Bear Lake Road, 7 miles from
+Estes Park.
+
+Aspenglen Campground, located on the Fall River Road, 5 miles from Estes
+Park.
+
+Wild Basin Campground, 15 miles south of Estes Park on the North St.
+Vrain Creek at the park boundary.
+
+Endovalley Campground, located on the Fall River Road, 9 miles from
+Estes Park.
+
+Longs Peak Campground, located at the beginning of the east Longs Peak
+Trail near Longs Peak post office.
+
+Motorists and others who bring camping equipment with them will find
+that these campgrounds are attractive places in which to enjoy life in
+the open. Both wood and water are readily available.
+
+
+
+
+PARK SEASON
+
+
+From June 15 to September 20 the hotels are open, daily transportation
+service through the park is available, and the park may be explored most
+conveniently and thoroughly. The roads to Estes Park, by way of Lyons
+and the Thompson Canyon, remain open throughout the year and the village
+has daily transportation and mail service. Some of the hotels in Estes
+Park are open all the year. The national park is never closed to
+visitors and every season offers its particular attractions. The autumn
+coloring is remarkably beautiful. The aspens start to turn early in
+September, and from that time until the middle of October the hillsides
+are streaming in golden color. In the winter those who enjoy
+snowshoeing, skiing, and other sports will find the park excellently
+adapted to these invigorating pleasures. Those portions of the park
+having an elevation of 9,000 feet or more are covered with a thick
+blanket of snow during most of the winter months. In the spring one may
+watch the snow line climb steadily up the slope of the mountains. Birds
+and early flowers appear in the valleys while winter still reigns on the
+higher mountains.
+
+The Trail Ridge Road remains open to travel until the first heavy
+snowfall. This usually occurs in October, and the road is not passable
+again before June 15. Other lower roads have a longer season, and even
+in mid-winter one may usually go by automobile for 5 or 6 miles beyond
+Estes Park Village before finding the roads closed by snow.
+
+
+
+
+HOW TO REACH THE PARK
+
+
+Denver, the gateway to the western national parks, is reached by the
+Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe; Chicago, Burlington & Quincy; Rock Island &
+Pacific; Colorado & Southern; Denver & Rio Grande Western; Denver & Salt
+Lake; Union Pacific; and Missouri Pacific railroads. For information
+regarding fares, service, etc., apply to railroad ticket agents.
+
+The Rocky Mountain Parks Transportation Co. operates regular daily
+automobile service to the park from the following places: Denver,
+leaving at 8:45 a.m. and 2:30 p.m.; Greeley, 9:15 a.m.; Fort Collins,
+7:45 a.m.; Loveland, 9:50 a.m.; Longmont, 9:45 a.m.; Lyons, 11:30 a.m.;
+Boulder, 9:35 a.m. Corresponding return service from Estes Park is
+available, return trips for Denver starting from Estes Park at 8:15 a.m.
+and 1:45 p.m.
+
+From June 15 to September 20 automobile connection is made at Granby,
+Colo., for a tour of the park by way of Grand Lake and Estes Park to
+Denver, leaving Granby at 12 noon daily. Auto service is available also,
+leaving Grand Lake at 5:35 p.m. and arriving at Granby at 6:05 p.m.
+
+The United Airlines, operating 18-hour transcontinental service through
+Cheyenne, connects with Wyoming Air Service for Denver, which in turn
+connects at that point with the Rocky Mountain Parks Transportation Co.
+service to the Rocky Mountain National Park. From the south, T.W.A.,
+Inc., and American Airlines, in their transcontinental services through
+Albuquerque and El Paso, respectively, connect with Denver by the Varney
+Speed Lines.
+
+
+
+
+ALL-EXPENSE CIRCLE TRIPS
+
+
+Five special all-expense tours from Denver to the park and return to
+Denver are offered by the Rocky Mountain Parks Transportation Co. from
+June 15 to September 20. Denver is about 85 miles from the park, and for
+$16 (transportation cost only) you can make a 2-day trip, entering the
+park through picturesque Big Thompson Canyon, crossing the Front Range
+of the Rocky Mountains twice, and stopping at Grand Lake, Estes Park,
+Clear Creek Canyon, Idaho Springs, and Lookout Mountain. This tour
+affords fine panoramas of the Rocky Mountains from elevations above
+12,000 feet. Another 2-day tour follows the same route but includes
+lunch at Estes Park, dinner, night's lodging, and breakfast at Grand
+Lake Lodge, and lunch the second day at Idaho Springs. The cost is $22.
+
+The 3-day tour is leisurely enough to permit the traveler to spend a
+night at Estes Park Chalets and 1 at Grand Lake Lodge. The cost is $27,
+including meals and lodging. The 4-day trip includes 2 nights at Estes
+Park Chalets and 2 at Grand Lake Lodge; the cost is $32. On the 6-day
+trip which costs $44, 3 days are spent at Estes Park Chalets and 3 at
+Grand Lake Lodge. These tours are leisurely and permit ample time for
+fishing, horseback riding, or hiking.
+
+Tours similar to the above, but connecting with the Denver & Rio Grande
+Western Railroad at Granby, are available at the same rates. Special
+all-expense tours from Granby, through the park, to Estes Park and
+Denver are available also at similar rates.
+
+
+
+
+TRANSPORTATION IN THE PARK
+
+
+The traveler who has no car available or does not wish to drive his own
+machine in the mountains may take advantage of the special trips offered
+from June 15 to September 20 by the Rocky Mountain Parks Transportation
+Co. at Estes Park. The Trail Ridge, Fall River, and Highdrive loop trip
+of about 50 miles costs $5 and requires about 4 hours. One can go in the
+morning, leaving at 8:30 o'clock, or in the afternoon at 2. The Estes
+Park-Grand Lake trip of about 47 miles costs $5 one way and $8 for a
+round trip. One can leave Estes Park at 8:45 a.m. or 2:30 p.m. Two
+other daily loop trips are made from Estes Park for $4 a person. Stops
+are made at the Fish Hatchery, Horseshoe Park, Fall River Lodge, Fern
+Lake Trail, Brinwood Hotel, Stead's Hotel, Glacier Basin, Bear Lake,
+Sprague's Lodge, and the Y.M.C.A. Cars leave Estes Park at 8 a.m. and 2
+p.m. Proportionate charges are made for anyone not desiring to make the
+entire trip. Between September 20 and June 15 these rates apply only
+when four or more passengers make the trip.
+
+Touring-car service is also available at 30 cents a mile for two
+passengers, 40 cents for three, 50 cents for four, and 10 cents a mile
+for each additional passenger. Waiting time costs $3 an hour.
+
+Passenger and freight service within the park is operated by the Rocky
+Mountain Parks Transportation Co. under a franchise from the Secretary
+of the Interior, with rates approved by him.
+
+
+
+
+ACCOMMODATIONS AND EXPENSES
+
+
+The seven hotel and lodge operations in Rocky Mountain National Park are
+conducted with private capital under franchise from the Secretary of the
+Interior at rates subject to his approval.
+
+This booklet is issued once a year and the rates mentioned herein may
+have changed slightly since issuance, but the latest rates approved by
+the Secretary are on file with the superintendent.
+
+
+HOTELS AND LODGES ON PARK LANDS
+
+_=Bear Lake Lodge=_, located on Bear Lake, offers cabin accommodations,
+ranging in price from $2.50 to $3.50 a day and $15 to $20 a week. Meals:
+Breakfast, a la carte; luncheon, 65 cents to $1; dinner, $1 to $1.50.
+Rates, American plan, range from $4.25 to $6 a day and $26.50 to $34 a
+week.
+
+_=Fern Lodge=_, on Fern Lake, offers cabin accommodations, without bath,
+American plan only, at the same rates charged at Bear Lake Lodge.
+
+_=Forest Inn=_, located at "The Pool" on Fern Lake Trail, offers board
+and lodging (tents) at prices from $3 to $4 a day and $15 to $20 a week.
+For cabin accommodations the charge is from $4 to $5 a day, and $20 to
+$25 a week. Single meals are 75 cents each.
+
+_=Grand Lake Lodge=_, near Grand Lake, open from June 15 to September
+20, operates on the American plan and rates are from $5 to $7 a day;
+weekly rates 10-percent reduction of daily rates. Single meals:
+Breakfast, 75 cents; luncheon, $1; dinner, $1.25.
+
+_=Brinwood Hotel=_, at the head of Moraine Park, offers American-plan
+service at from $3.50 to $6.50 a day and $21 to $40 a week. Saddle
+horses may be rented at $2.50 a half day, $4 a day, $21 a week, and $75
+a month.
+
+_=Camp Woods=_, at the junction of Bear Lake and Moraine Park roads
+offers housekeeping cottages at from $2.50 a day for two persons to $6 a
+day for six persons. By the week: From $14 for two persons to $35 for
+six. By the month: From $45 for two persons to $60 for five persons.
+
+_=Sprague's Lodge=_, in the Glacier Basin, provides American-plan
+accommodations at the following rates: By the day, $4 to $6; by the
+week, from $24.50 to $40; 4 weeks, $84 to $133.
+
+
+PRIVATE HOTELS, COTTAGES, AND CAMPS
+
+There are many hotels, lodges, and camps located on private lands in or
+adjacent to the park. The National Park Service exercises no control
+over the rates and operations of these hotels. Furnished cottages may be
+rented in Estes Park, Grand Lake, and elsewhere on private lands in or
+adjacent to the national park. Information concerning hotels and
+cottages not under the control of the National Park Service may be
+obtained by writing the Secretary of the Chamber of Commerce, Estes
+Park, Colo., or the president of the Grand Lake Commercial Club, Grand
+Lake, Colo.
+
+
+
+
+DISTANCES TO PRINCIPAL POINTS OF INTEREST
+
+ONE-HALF-DAY TRIPS FROM ESTES PARK VILLAGE
+[Elevation 7,547 feet. No guide needed except for no. 5]
+
+ --------------+---------+-----+-----+------------------+----------------------
+ | |Miles| | |
+ | |from |Days |Remarks |
+ Trips |Elevation|Estes|round|(one-way | Description
+ | |Park |trip |distances) |
+ --------------+---------+-----+-----+------------------+----------------------
+ | _Feet_ | | | |
+ 1. Gem Lake | 8,700 | 4 | 1/2| 2 miles by auto, | Good trip with
+ | | | | by horse or on | distant view of Longs
+ | | | | foot. | Peak from top.
+ | | | | |
+ 2. Prospect | 8,896 | 2 | 1/2| 2 miles on foot | Excellent panorama of
+ Mountain. | | | | | range and Estes Park
+ | | | | | Valley.
+ | | | | |
+ 3. Old Man | 8,300 |1-1/2| 1/4| 3/4 mile by auto;| Good snappy climb,
+ Mountain. | | | -1/2| 3/4 on foot. | with view of village
+ | | | | | and park.
+ | | | | |
+ 4. Deer | 10,028 | 4 |1/2-1| 4 miles by horse | Auto can be taken to
+ Mountain. | | | | or on foot. | top of Deer Ridge
+ | | | | | and mountain climbed
+ | | | | | from there.
+ | | | | |
+ 5. Wonder | 8,600 |5-1/2|1/2-1| 2 miles by auto; | Interesting examples
+ Basin. | | | | 3-1/2 on foot. | of erosion.
+ --------------+---------+-----+-----+------------------+----------------------
+
+
+ONE-DAY TRIPS FROM ESTES PARK VILLAGE
+
+[Elevation 7,547 feet. Guide recommended for all trips, but not necessary
+except for no. 14]
+
+ --------------+---------+------+-----+------------------+---------------------
+ | | Miles| | |
+ | | from |Days |Remarks |
+ Trips |Elevation| Estes|round|(one-way | Description
+ | | Park |trip |distances) |
+ --------------+---------+------+-----+------------------+---------------------
+ | _Feet_ | | | |
+ 1. Flattop | 12,300 | 15 | 1 | 11 miles by auto;| Excellent horseback
+ Mountain. | | | | 4-1/2 by horse | or foot-trail trip
+ | | | | or on foot. | to Continental
+ | | | | | Divide.
+ | | | | |
+ 2. Bear Lake. | 9,485 | 11 | 1/2 | 11 miles by auto.| Glacial Lake.
+ | | | | | Fishing.
+ | | | | |
+ 3. Mill Creek.| 8,800 | 7 | 1/2 | 6 miles by auto; | Former ranger
+ | | | | 1 by horse or on| station.
+ | | | | foot. |
+ | | | | |
+ 4. Cub Lake | 9,350 | 9-1/2| 1/2 | 6 miles by auto; | Wooded mountain
+ Trail. | | | | 3-1/2 by horse | trail.
+ | | | | or on foot. |
+ | | | | |
+ 5. Fern Lake. | 9,550 |11-1/2| 1 | 6 miles by auto; | Beautiful wooded
+ | | | | 5-1/2 by horse | trail; heavy forest;
+ | | | | or on foot. | lake with wonderful
+ | | | | | setting.
+ | | | | |
+ 6. Odessa | 10,000 | 12 | 1 or| 6 miles by auto; | Lake of spectacular
+ Lake. | | | 2 | 6-1/2 by horse | alpine beauty.
+ | | | | or on foot. | Flowers and snow.
+ | | | | |
+ 7. Bierstadt | 9,350 | 9-1/2| 1/2 | 8 miles by auto; | On huge moraine in
+ Lake. | | | | 1-1/2 by horse | heavy timber. View
+ | | | | or on foot. | of range.
+ | | | | |
+ 8. Loch Vale. | 10,250 | 12 | 1/2 | 10 miles by auto;| Remarkable glacial
+ | | | | 2-1/2 by horse | evidence;
+ | | | | or on foot. | fire-killed forest;
+ | | | | | lake of unusual
+ | | | | | alpine beauty.
+ | | | | |
+ 9. Storm Pass | 10,350 | 11 | 1 | 9 miles by auto; | Moraine; timberline
+ | | | | 2 by horse or on| growth.
+ | | | | foot to pass; |
+ | | | | 6-1/4 miles to |
+ | | | | Bear Lake road. |
+ | | | | |
+ 10. Lily Lake | 8,975 | 8 | 1 | 6 miles by auto; | Beautiful aspen and
+ (via Wind | | | | 2 by horse or on| blue-spruce trail.
+ River). | | | | foot. |
+ | | | | |
+ 11. Ypsilon | 10,550 | 12 | 1 | 8 miles by auto; | Wild trail to
+ Lake. | | | | 4 by horse or on| glacial lake under
+ | | | | foot. | precipices of Mount
+ | | | | | Ypsilon.
+ | | | | |
+ 12. Lawn Lake.| 10,950 |14-1/4| 1 | 8 miles by auto; | Good mountain trip
+ | | | | 6-1/4 by horse | of varying interest.
+ | | | | or on foot. | Fall fishing.
+ | | | | |
+ 13. Crystal | 11,450 | 16 | 1 or| 8 miles by auto; | Timberline; glacial
+ Lake. | | | 2 | 7-1/2 by horse | lake in glacial
+ | | | | or on foot; 1/2 | cirque.
+ | | | | on foot. |
+ | | | | |
+ 14. Rowe | 13,200 |17-1/2| 1 or| 8 miles by auto; | Largest glacier in
+ Glacier. | | | 2 | 7-1/2 by horse | park. Great mountain
+ | | | | or on foot; 2 | view.
+ | | | | on foot. |
+ | | | | |
+ 15. Specimen | 12,482 |24 |1 or | 22 miles by auto;| Interesting volcanic
+ Mountain. | | | 2 | 2 by horse or on | formations. Mountain
+ | | | | foot. | sheep.
+ | | | | |
+ 16. Twin | 11,436 |12 | 1 | 8-1/2 miles by | National Park
+ Sisters | | | | auto; 3-1/2 by | Service fire
+ and | | | | horse or on foot.| lookout. View of
+ Lookout. | | | | | entire country.
+ | | | | |
+ 17. Chasm | 11,850 |14-1/4| 1 | 10 miles by auto;| Timberline; terrific
+ Lake. | | | | 4 by horse or on | glacial work; high
+ | | | |foot; 1/4 on foot.| perpendicular
+ | | | | | precipices.
+ | | | | |
+ 18. Hallett | 12,725 |15-1/2| 1 | 11 miles by auto;| Short stiff climb.
+ Peak. | | | | 4-1/2 by horse or| Expansive view of
+ | | | | on foot; 1/2 on | hundreds of square
+ | | | | foot. | miles of country.
+ | | | | |
+ 19. The | 13,214 |17-1/2| 1 | 10 miles by auto;| Spectacular views of
+ Keyhole. | | | | 7 by horse or | Glacier Gorge and
+ | | | | on foot; 1/2 on | Longs Peak.
+ | | | | foot. |
+ --------------+---------+------+-----+------------------+---------------------
+
+The above trips may be combined as follows: 1, 2, and 3; 1 and 18; 2, 5,
+and 6; 3 and 4; 4, 5, and 6; 9 and 10; 11 and 12; 12, 13, and 14; 17 and 19.
+
+
+[Illustration: MOUNT MEEKER AND LONGS PEAK]
+
+_Grant Photo._
+
+
+ TRIPS FROM GRAND LAKE
+ --------------------------+---------+-----+-----+-----------------------------
+ | |Miles|Days |
+ Trips |Elevation| one |round| Remarks
+ | | way |trip |
+ --------------------------+---------+-----+-----+-----------------------------
+ | Feet | | |
+ 1. Cascade Falls | 9,000 | 4 | 1/2 | 4 miles by horse or on foot.
+ | | | |
+ 2. Flattop shelter cabin | 10,500 | 10 | 1 | 10 miles by horse or
+ | | | | on foot.
+ | | | |
+ 3. Lake Nanita | 10,750 | 10 | 1 | Do.
+ Lake Nokoni | 10,850 | 11 | 1 | Do.
+ | | | |
+ 4. Bench Lake | 10,923 | 12 | 1 | 10 miles by horse;
+ | | | | 2 on foot.
+ | | | |
+ 5. Flattop Mountain | 12,300 | 12 | 1 | 12 miles by horse or
+ | | | | on foot.
+ | | | |
+ 6. Adams Falls | 9,000 | 2 | 1/2 | 2 miles by horse or on foot.
+ | | | |
+ 7. Shadow Mountain | 10,100 | 3 | 1/2 | 3 miles by horse or on foot.
+ | | | |
+ 8. Lake Verna | 10,150 | 8 | 1 | 8 miles by horse or on foot.
+ | | | |
+ 9. Hell Canyon Pass | 11,400 | 13 | 2 | 8 miles by horse; 5 on foot.
+ | | | |
+ 10. Colorado River trail | 8,500 | 5 | 1/2 | 5 miles by horse or on foot.
+ | | | |
+ 11. North Fork Road | 9,038 | 13 | 1 | 13 miles by horse, on foot,
+ | | | | or by auto.
+ | | | |
+ 12. Phantom Valley Ranch | 9,000 | 13 | 1 | Do.
+ | | | |
+ 13. Milner Pass | 10,759 | 18 | 1 | 18 miles by horse, on foot,
+ | | | | or by auto.
+ | | | |
+ 14. Tonahutu Creek, Big | 9,385 | 5 | 1/2 | 5 miles by horse or on foot.
+ Meadows | | | |
+ | | | |
+ 15. Columbine Lake | 8,600 | 3 | 1/2 | 3 miles by horse, on foot,
+ | | | | or by auto.
+ | | | |
+ 16. Fall River Road to | 11,797 | 22 | 1/2 | 22 miles by horse, on foot,
+ Continental Divide | | | | or by auto.
+ and Fall River Pass | | | |
+ | | | |
+ 17. Estes Park | 7,547 | 47 | 1 | 47 miles by horse or auto.
+ | | | |
+ --------------------------+---------+-----+-----+----------------------------
+
+
+ OTHER TRIPS IN ROCKY MOUNTAIN NATIONAL PARK
+
+ [Guide recommended on all these trips]
+
+ ------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------
+ Trips | Starting point
+ ------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------
+ 1. Chasm Lake--Longs Peak | Longs Peak post
+ | office.
+ |
+ 2. Glacier Gorge--Lakes Mills, Black, Blue, and Shelf | Glacier Basin.
+ |
+ 3. Glass Lake--Sky Pond--Taylor Glacier | Do.
+ |
+ 4. Loch Vale--Andrews Glacier--Otis Peak--Otis | Do.
+ Gorge--Lake Haiyaha--Nymph Lake--Bear Lake |
+ |
+ 5. Nymph Lake--Dream Lake--Emerald Lake--Tyndall | Bear Lake.
+ Gorge--Tyndall Glacier--Flattop Mountain |
+ |
+ 6. Fern Lake--Odessa Lake--Flattop Mountain--Tyndall | Fern Lake.
+ Glacier--Hallett Peak--Continental |
+ Divide--Tourmaline Gorge |
+ |
+ 7. Spruce Lake--Spruce Canyon--Hourglass and Rainbow | Do.
+ Lakes--Sprague Glacier--Continental |
+ Divide--Tourmaline Lake and Gorge--Odessa and |
+ Fern Lakes |
+ |
+ 8. The Pool--Forest Canyon | The Pool.
+ |
+ 9. Wild Basin | Copeland Lake.
+ |
+ 10. Top of road on Continental Divide--Mount | Estes Park.
+ Ida--Gorge Lakes--Forest Canyon--The Pool |
+ |
+ 11. Fall River Road--Chapin Pass--Mounts Chiquita, | Do.
+ Ypsilon, and Chapin--Bill Currence's trail |
+ |
+ 12. Fall River Pass--Cache la Poudre River--Down to | Do.
+ mouth of Hague Creek--Up to Chapin Creek to |
+ Chapin Pass--Fall River Road |
+ |
+ 13. Horseshoe Park--Lawn Lake--"The Saddle"--Cascade | Horseshoe Park.
+ Creek--Mouth of Hague Creek back as trip no. 12 |
+ |
+ 14. Fall River Road to Chapin Pass--Chapin Creek and | Estes Park.
+ Cache la Poudre to mouth of Hague Creek--Boundary |
+ of park to La Poudre Pass--Headwaters of Colorado |
+ River--Phantom Valley Ranch |
+ |
+ 15. Trail Ridge--Continental Divide--Phantom Valley | Do.
+ Ranch |
+ |
+ 16. Phantom Valley Ranch--Headwaters of Colorado | Phantom Valley
+ River--Thunder Pass and Thunder Mountain | Ranch.
+ |
+ 17. Mount Richthofen | Do.
+ |
+ 18. Specimen Mountain | Do.
+ |
+ 19. Eight or more good climbs in the Never Summer | Do.
+ Range |
+ |
+ 20. Flattop Mountain--Tyndall Glacier--Andrews | Estes Park.
+ Glacier--Flattop shelter cabin--Lakes Nanita |
+ and Nokoni |
+ |
+ 21. North Inlet to source--Mount Alice--Wild Basin | Flattop shelter cabin.
+ |
+ 22. Grand Lake via Phantom Valley Ranch | Estes Park.
+ |
+ 23. Grand Lake via Flattop | Do.
+ ------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------
+
+
+
+
+ THE PARK'S MOUNTAIN PEAKS
+
+ PEAKS IN THE GRAND LAKE BASIN
+
+ _Altitude in feet_ _Altitude in feet_
+ Snowdrift Peak 12,280 Mount Cairns 10,800
+ Nakai Peak 12,221 Mount Wescott 10,400
+ Mount Patterson 11,400 Shadow Mountain 10,100
+ Nisa Mountain 10,791 Mount Bryant 11,000
+ Mount Enentah 10,737 Mount Acoma 10,500
+
+
+PEAKS IN THE NEVER SUMMER RANGE (CONTINENTAL DIVIDE), NORTH TO SOUTH
+
+ _Elevation in feet_ _Elevation in feet_
+ Thunder Mountain 11,700 Red Mountain 11,505
+ Mount Richthofen 12,953 Mount Nimbus 12,730
+ Lead Mountain 12,532 Baker Mountain 12,406
+ Mount Cirrus 12,804 Parika Peak[1] 12,400
+ Howard Mountain 12,814 Bowen Mountain[1] 12,541
+ Mount Cumulus 12,724 Cascade Mountain[1] 12,320
+
+[Footnote 1: Not within park boundaries.]
+
+
+PEAKS OF THE MUMMY RANGE NORTH-EAST OF THE CONTINENTAL DIVIDE FROM
+FALL RIVER NORTH
+
+ _Altitude in feet_ _Altitude in feet_
+ Mount Chapin 12,458 Mount Dunraven 12,548
+ Mount Chiquita 13,052 Mount Dickinson 11,874
+ Ypsilon Mountain 13,507 Mount Tileston 11,244
+ Mount Fairchild 13,502 Bighorn Mountain 11,473
+ Hagues Peak 13,562 McGregor Mountain 10,482
+ Mummy Mountain 13,413 The Needles 10,075
+
+
+FRONT RANGE PEAKS FOLLOWING THE LINE OF THE CONTINENTAL DIVIDE
+NORTH TO SOUTH
+
+ -----------------+--------------------+-----------------------+-----------
+ A little west | On the Continental | A little east | Altitude
+ of the Divide | Divide | of the Divide |
+ -----------------+--------------------+-----------------------+-----------
+ | | | _Feet_
+ | Specimen Mountain | | 12,482
+ Shipler Mountain | | | 11,400
+ | | Trail Ridge | 12,400
+ | Mount Ida | | 12,700
+ | | Terra Tomah Mountain | 12,686
+ | | Mount Julian | 12,928
+ | | Stones Peak | 12,928
+ | Flattop Mountain | | 12,300
+ | Hallett Peak | | 12,725
+ | Otis Peak | | 12,478
+ | Taylor Peak | | 13,150
+ | | Thatchtop | 12,600
+ | McHenrys Peak | | 13,300
+ | | Storm Peak | 13,335
+ | | Chiefs Head | 13,579
+ | | Pagoda | 13,491
+ | | Longs Peak | 14,255
+ | | Mount Lady Washington | 13,269
+ | | Mount Meeker | 13,911
+ | Mount Alice | | 13,310
+ Andrews Peak | | | 12,564
+ | | Tanina Peak | 12,417
+ Mount Craig | | | 12,005
+ | | Mahana Peak | 12,629
+ | Ouzel Peak | | 12,600
+ Mount Adams | | | 12,115
+ | | Deer Mountain | 10,028
+ | | Twin Sisters | 11,436
+ | | Estes Cone | 11,017
+ | | Battle Mountain | 11,930
+ | | Lookout | 10,744
+ | | Mount Orton | 11,682
+ | | Meadow Mountain | 11,634
+ | | Mount Copeland | 13,176
+ -----------------+--------------------+-----------------------+----------
+
+The tables on the preceding pages show that there are 65 named mountains
+within the area of the park that reach altitudes of over 10,000 feet
+grouped as follows:
+
+ Over 14,000 feet 1
+ Between 13,000 and 14,000 feet 14
+ Between 12,000 and 13,000 feet 27
+ Between 11,000 and 12,000 feet 13
+ Between 10,000 and 11,000 feet 10
+
+
+[Illustration: ROMANTIC LOCH VALE]
+
+_Shelk photo._
+
+
+
+
+REFERENCES
+
+ALBRIGHT, HORACE M., and TAYLOR, FRANK J.
+Oh, Ranger! A book about the national parks. Illustrated.
+
+BIRD, ISABELLA L. A Lady's Life in the Rocky Mountains.
+1890. 296 pp., illustrated. G.P. Putnam's Sons, New York.
+
+BISHOP, MRS. ISABELLA L. (See Bird, Isabella L.)
+
+BOYER, WARREN E. Vanishing Trails of Romance.
+1923. 94 pp., illustrated.
+
+CHAPIN, FREDERICK H. Mountaineering in Colorado.
+1890. 168 pp., illustrated. W.B. Clark, Boston, Mass.
+
+FARIS, JOHN T.:
+
+ Roaming the Rockies. 1930. Farrar & Rinehart. 333 pp., illustrated.
+ Rocky Mountain National Park on pp. 228-246.
+
+ Roaming American Playgrounds. 1934. 331 pp., illustrated.
+ Farrar & Rinehart. Rocky Mountain National Park on pp. 129-131.
+
+
+FROTHINGHAM, ROBERT. Trails Through the Golden West. Robert M. McBride,
+New York.
+
+HART, JOHN L. JEROME. Fourteen Thousand Feet.
+2d ed., 1931. Colorado Mountain Club, Denver. 71 pp.
+
+HEWES, CHARLES EDWIN. Songs of the Rockies.
+1914. 129 pp., illustrated. Edgerton.
+
+JACKSON, WILLIAM H., and DRIGGS, H.R. The Pioneer Photographer.
+1929. Rocky Mountain National Park on pp. 143-152.
+
+JEFFERS, LE ROY. The Call of the Mountains. 282 pp., illustrated.
+Dodd, Mead & Co., New York. Rocky Mountain National Park
+on pp. 87-95; 262.
+
+KANE, F.J. Picturesque America, Its Parks and Playgrounds.
+Published by Frederick Gumbrecht, Brooklyn, N.Y., 1925. 521 pp.,
+illustrated. Rocky Mountain National Park on pp. 157-176.
+
+LONGYEAR, BURTON O.:
+
+ Trees and Shrubs of the Rocky Mountain Region. 1927. 244 pp.,
+ illustrated.
+ G.P. Putnam's Sons, New York.
+
+ Evergreens of Colorado. 1925. 82 pp., illustrated.
+ Multigraph Service Bureau, Fort Collins, Colo.
+
+
+MILLS, ENOS A.:
+
+ Wild Life on the Rockies. 1909. 263 pp., illustrated. Houghton, Boston.
+
+ The Spell of the Rockies. 1911. 348 pp., illustrated. Houghton, Boston.
+
+ In Beaver World. 1913. 223 pp., illustrated. Houghton, Boston.
+
+ The Story of a Thousand Year Pine. 1914. 38 pp., illustrated.
+ Houghton, Boston.
+
+ Rocky Mountain Wonderland. 1915. 362 pp., illustrated, map.
+ Houghton, Boston.
+
+ The Story of Scotch. 1916. 63 pp., illustrated. Houghton, Boston.
+
+ Your National Parks. 1917. 532 pp., illustrated. Houghton, Boston.
+
+ The Grizzly, Our Greatest Wild Animal. 1919. 284 pp., illustrated.
+ Houghton, Boston.
+
+ Adventures of a Nature Guide. 1920. 271 pp., illustrated.
+ Houghton, Boston.
+
+ Waiting in the Wilderness. 1921. 241 pp., illustrated. Houghton, Boston.
+
+ Watched by Wild Animals. 1922. 243 pp., illustrated. Houghton, Boston.
+
+ Wild Animal Homesteads. 1923. 259 pp., illustrated. Houghton, Boston.
+
+ The Rocky Mountain National Park. 1924. 239 pp., illustrated.
+ Houghton, Boston.
+
+ Romance of Geology. 1926. 245 pp., illustrated. Houghton, Boston.
+
+ Bird Memories of the Rockies. 1931. 263 pp., illustrated.
+ Houghton, Boston.
+
+
+MILLS, JOE. A Mountain Boyhood. 286 pp. 1926. Sears.
+
+QUINNE, VERNON. Beautiful America. 333 pp., illustrated.
+Frederick A. Stokes Co., New York City. 1923. Rocky Mountain National
+Park on pp. 260-262.
+
+RENSCH, H.E. Historical Background for the Rocky Mountain National Park.
+1935. 42 pp. Rocky Mountain Nature Association.
+
+ROLFE, MARY A. Our National Parks. Book One.
+1927. 320 pp., illustrated. Benj. H. Sanborn Co., Chicago.
+
+YARD, ROBERT STERLING:
+
+ The Top of the Continent. 1917. 244 pp., illustrated.
+ Scribners. Rocky Mountain National Park on pp. 16-43.
+
+ The Book of the National Parks. 1926. 444 pp.,
+ 74 illustrations, 14 maps and diagrams.
+ Scribners. Rocky Mountain National Park on pp. 93-117.
+
+
+WILBUR, RAY LYMAN, and DU PUY, WILLIAM ATHERTON.
+Conservation in the Department of the Interior.
+Chapter on national parks, pp. 96-112. Illustrated.
+Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 1931.
+
+YEAGER, DORR G.:
+
+ Bob Flame, Rocky Mountain Ranger. 1935. Illustrated.
+ Dodd, Mead & Co., New York.
+
+ Scarface, the Story of a Grizzly. 1935. Illustrated. Penn, Phila.
+
+
+YELM, BETTY, and BEALS, RALPH L. Indians of the Park Region.
+1934. 52 pp. Rocky Mountain Nature Association.
+
+
+[Illustration: SHEER PEAKS RISE ABOVE PICTURESQUE DREAM LAKE]
+
+
+
+
+GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS
+
+_=Glimpses of Our National Parks.=_ An illustrated booklet containing
+descriptions of the national parks. Address the Director, National Park
+Service, Washington, D.C. Free.
+
+_=Recreational Map.=_ Shows both Federal and State reservations with
+recreational opportunities throughout the United States. Brief
+descriptions of principal ones. Address as above. Free.
+
+_=Automobile Road Map of Rocky Mountain National Park.=_ Shows road and
+trail system, hotels, camps, garages, superintendent's office, and
+approaches to the park. Distributed free in the park only.
+
+_=National Parks Portfolio.=_ By Robert Sterling Yard. Cloth bound and
+illustrated with more than 300 beautiful photographs of the national
+parks. Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D.C. Price, $1.50.
+
+_=Plants of Rocky Mountain National Park.=_ By Ruth E. Ashton. 157
+pages. 100 illustrations. A guide to the flowers of the park with keys
+for their identification. Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D.C.
+25 cents.
+
+_=The Geologic Story of Rocky Mountain National Park.=_ By Willis T.
+Lee. 89 pages. 101 illustrations. Superintendent of Documents,
+Washington, D.C. 50 cents.
+
+_=Fauna of the National Parks. Series No. 1.=_ By G.M. Wright, J.S.
+Dixon, and B.H. Thompson. Survey of wildlife conditions in the national
+parks. Illustrated. Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D.C. 20
+cents.
+
+_=Fauna of the National Parks. Series No. 2.=_ By G.M. Wright and B.H.
+Thompson. Wildlife management in the national parks. Superintendent of
+Documents, Washington, D.C. 20 cents.
+
+Booklets about the national parks listed below may be obtained free of
+charge by writing to the Director, National Park Service, Washington,
+D.C.:
+
+
+ Acadia, Maine.
+ Carlsbad Caverns, N. Mex.
+ Crater Lake, Oreg.
+ General Grant, Calif.
+ Glacier, Mont.
+ Grand Canyon, Ariz.
+ Grant Teton, Wyo.
+ Great Smoky Mountains, N.C.-Tenn.
+ Hawaii, Hawaii.
+ Hot Springs, Ark.
+ Lassen Volcanic, Calif.
+ Mesa Verde, Colo.
+ Mount McKinley, Alaska.
+ Mount Rainier, Wash.
+ National Capital Parks, Washington, D.C.
+ Platt, Okla.
+ Sequoia, Calif.
+ Wind Cave, S. Dak.
+ Yellowstone, Wyo.-Idaho-Mont.
+ Yosemite, Calif.
+ Zion and Bryce Canyon, Utah.
+
+
+[Illustration: AREAS ADMINISTERED BY THE NATIONAL PARK SERVICE]
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Rocky Mountain [Colorado] National Park, by
+United States Dept. of the Interior
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ROCKY MOUNTAIN NATIONAL PARK ***
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