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You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The Sweating Sickness + A boke or counseill against the disease commonly called + the sweate or sweatyng sicknesse + +Author: John Caius + +Editor: E. S. Roberts + +Release Date: August 23, 2010 [EBook #33503] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: UTF-8 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE SWEATING SICKNESS *** + + + + +Produced by Louise Hope + + + + + +</pre> + + +<div class = "mynote"> +<p><a name = "start" id = "start">This text</a> uses UTF-8 (unicode) +file encoding, primarily for the set of letters</p> + +<p class = "inset"> +ã ẽ ĩ õ ũ (vowel with following n or m)<br> +ʒ (ezh, used here for the “dram” symbol)</p> + +<p>If any of these characters do not display properly, or if the +apostrophes and quotation marks in this paragraph appear as garbage, you +may have an incompatible browser or unavailable fonts. First, make sure +that your browser’s “character set” or “file encoding” is set to Unicode +(UTF-8). You may also need to change the default font.</p> + +<hr class = "tiny"> + +<p>The text is taken from the 1912 Cambridge edition of Caius’s +<i>Complete Works</i>. The editor’s general introduction says:</p> + +<p class = "inset"> +In this volume no attempt has been made to produce a facsimile reprint. +Even if such a design had been entertained, the great variety of form in +which the original editions were issued would have made it impossible to +carry out the re-issue with any uniformity. Obvious misprints have been +corrected, but where a difference in spelling in the same work or on the +same page—<i>e.g. baccalarius</i>, <i>baccalaureus</i>—is +clearly due to the varying practice of the writer and not to the +printer, the words have been left as they stood in the original. On the +other hand the accents in the very numerous Greek quotations have been +corrected.</p> + +<p>Numbers in the right margin mark the pagination of this 1912 edition. +Numbers in parentheses—here shown in the left margin—were +printed in the gutter; they probably represent pages or leaves in the +1552 original. Bracketed corrections are from the 1912 text.</p> + +<p>The usual disclaimers apply. Do not try this at home.</p> + +<p class = "center"> +<a href = "#sweat">Main Text</a><br> +<a href = "#endnote">Notes on Spelling and Typography</a></p> +</div> + + +<div class = "titlepage"> + +<h1>A boke or coun-<br> +<span class = "smaller">seill against the disease<br> +commonly called the<br> +sweate or swea-<br> +tyng sicknesse</span></h1> + +<h2 class = "six">made by Jhon Caius<br> +doctour in phisicke</h2> + +<h3 class = "five">uery necessary for everye<br> +personne and much requi-<br> +site to be had in the handes<br> +of al sortes, for their better<br> +instruction, preparation and<br> +defence, against the soub-<br> +dein comyng, and fear-<br> +ful assaultyng of the<br> +same disease</h3> + +<h3 class = "five">1552</h3> + +</div> + +<hr> + +<div class = "maintext"> + +<span class = "pagenum">3</span> + +<p class = "dedic"> +TO THE RIGHTE HONOURABLE<br> +WILLIAM EARLE OF PENBROKE, LORDE<br> +HARBERT OF CARDIFE, KNIGHT OF THE HONOUR-<br> +ABLE ORDRE OF THE GARTER, AND PRESIDENT OF<br> +THE KYNGES HIGHNES COUNSEILL IN<br> +THE MARCHES OF WALES:<br> +JHON CAIUS WISHETH<br> +HELTH AND HONOUR.</p> + +<hr class = "tiny"> + +<p><span class = "firstword">In</span> the fereful tyme of the sweate +(ryghte honourable) many resorted vnto me for counseil, among whõe some +beinge my frendes & aquaintance, desired me to write vnto them some +litle counseil howe to gouerne themselues therin: saiyng also that I +should do a greate pleasure to all my frendes and contrimen, if I would +deuise at my laisure some thĩg, whiche from tyme to tyme might remaine, +wherto men might in such cases haue a recourse & present refuge at +all nedes, as thẽ they had none. At whose requeste, at that tyme I wrate +diuerse counseiles so shortly as I could for the present necessite, +whiche they bothe vsed and dyd geue abrode to many others, & further +appoynted in my self to fulfill (for so much as laye in me) the +other parte of their honest request for the time to come. The whiche the +better to execute and brynge to passe, I spared not to go to all +those that sente for me, bothe poore, and riche, day and night. And that +not only to do thẽ that ease that I could, & to instructe thẽ for +their +<span class = "pagenum">4</span> +recouery: but to note also throughly, the cases and circumstaunces of +the disease in diuerse persons, and to vnderstande the nature and causes +of the same fully, for so much as might be. Therefore as I noted, so I +wrate as laisure then serued, and finished one boke in Englishe, onely +for Englishe mẽ not lerned, one other in latine for men of lerninge more +at large, and generally for the help of thẽ which hereafter should haue +nede, either in this or other coũtreis, that they may lerne by our +harmes. This I had thoughte to haue set furth before christmas, & to +haue geuẽ to your lordshippe at new-yeres +<span class = "pagenum orig">(3)</span> +tide, but that diuerse other businesses letted me. Neuertheles that +which then coulde not be done cometh not now out of season, although it +be neuer so simple, so it may do ease hereafter, which as I trust this +shal, so for good wil I geue and<br> +dedicate it vnto your good Lordshippe, trustyng the<br> +same will take this with as good a mind, as I<br> +geue it to your honour, whiche our Lorde<br> +preserue and graunt long<br> +to continue.</p> + +<p class = "center"> +At London the first of Aprill.</p> + +<p class = "center"> +1552.</p> + +</div> + +<hr> + +<div class = "maintext"> + +<span class = "pagenum">5</span> +<h1 class = "four"><span class = "smaller"> +<a name = "sweat" id = "sweat">The boke of Jhon Caius</a></span></h1> + +<h1>against the sweatyng sicknes.</h1> + +<hr class = "tiny"> + +<p><span class = "firstword">Man</span> beyng borne not for his owne vse +and cõmoditie alone, but also for the commõ benefite of many, +(as reason wil and al good authoures write) he whiche in this world +is worthy to lyue, ought al wayes to haue his hole minde and intente +geuen to profite others. Whiche thynge to shewe in effecte in my selfe, +although by fortune some waies I haue ben letted, yet by that whiche +fortune cannot debarre, some waies again I haue declared. For after +certein yeres beyng at cambrige, I of the age of <span class = +"smallroman">XX.</span> yeres, partly for mine exercise and profe what I +coulde do, but chefely for certein of my very frẽdes, dyd translate out +of Latine into Englishe certein workes, hauyng nothynge els so good to +gratifie theim w<sup>t</sup>. Wherof one of <i>S. Chrysostome de +modo orandi deum</i>, that is, of y<sup>e</sup> manner +<span class = "pagenum orig">(4)</span> +to praye to god, I sent to one my frende then beyng in the courte. +One other, a woorke of <i>Erasmus de vera theologia</i>, the true +and redy waye to reade the scripture, I dyd geue to Maister +Augustine Stiwarde Alderman of Norwiche, not in the ful as the authore +made it, but abbreuiate for his only purpose to whome I sent it, Leuyng +out many subtile thinges, made rather for great & learned diuines, +thẽ for others. The thirde was the paraphrase of the same Erasmus vpon +the +<span class = "pagenum">6</span> +Epistle of S. Jude, whiche I translated at the requeste of one +other my deare frende.</p> + +<p>These I did in Englishe the rather because at that tyme men ware not +so geuen all to Englishe, but that they dyd fauoure & maỹteine good +learning conteined in tongues & sciences, and did also study and +apply diligently the same thẽ selues. Therfore I thought no hurte done. +Sence y<sup>t</sup> tyme diuerse other thynges I haue written, but with +entente neuer more to write in the Englishe tongue, partly because the +cõmoditie of that which is so written, passeth not the compasse of +Englande, but remaineth enclosed within the seas, and partly because I +thought that labours so taken should be halfe loste among them whiche +sette not by learnyng. Thirdly for that I thought it beste to auoide the +iudgement of the multitude, from whome in maters of learnyng a man +shalbe forced to dissente, in disprouyng that whiche they most approue, +& approuyng that whiche they moste disalowe. Fourthly for that the +common settyng furthe and printĩg of euery foolishe thyng in englishe, +both of phisicke vnperfectly, and other matters vndiscretly diminishe +the grace of thynges learned set furth in thesame. But chiefely, because +I wolde geue none example or comforte to my countrie men, (whõ I wolde +to be now, as here tofore they haue bene, comparable in learnyng to men +of other countries) to stonde onely in the Englishe tongue, but to leaue +the simplicite of thesame, and to procede further in +<span class = "pagenum orig">(5)</span> +many and diuerse knoweleges bothe in tongues and sciences at home and in +vniuersities, to the adournyng of the cõmon welthe, better seruice of +their kyng, & great pleasure and commodite of their owne selues, to +what kinde of life so euer they shold applie them. Therfore whatsoeuer +sence that tyme I minded to write, I wrate y<sup>e</sup> same +either in greke or latine. As firste of all certein commentaries vpon +certein bokes of William framinghã, maister of art in Cambrige, +a man ot great witte, memorie, diligence and learnyng, brought vp +in thesame scholes in Englande that I was, euer frõ his beginnyng vntil +his death. Of the which bokes, ij. of <i>cõtinẽtia</i> +(or cõtinence) wer in prose, y<sup>e</sup> reste in metre or verse +of diuerse kindes. One a comforte for a blinde mã, entitled +<span class = "pagenum">7</span> +<i>ad Aemilianum cæcum consolatio</i>, one other <i>Ecpyrosis, seu +incendiũ sodomorũ</i>, the burnyng of Sodome. The thirde +<i>Laurentius</i>, expressyng the tormentes of Saincte Laurence. The +fourthe, <i>Idololatria</i>, Idolatrie, not after the trade and veine of +scripture (wherein he was also very well exercised) but conformable to +scripture and after the ciuile and humane learnyng, declaryng them to +worshippe <i>Mars</i>, that warre, or fight: <i>Venus</i>, that lyue +incontinently: <i>Pluto</i>, that folowe riches couetousely; and so +forth through all vices vsed in his time. The fiueth boke <i>Arete</i>, +vertue: the sixth, Epigrãmes, conteined in two bokes, whiche by an +epistle of his owne hand before y<sup>e</sup> boke yet remainyng, he +dedicated vnto me, purposyng to haue done many more prety thynges, but +that cruell death preuẽted, and toke him away wher he and I was borne at +Norwiche, in the yere of our Lord M.d.xxxvij. the xxix. daie of +September, beynge then of the age of xxv. yeres, vij. Monethes, and vj. +daies, a greate losse of so notable a yonge man. These workes at +his death he willed to comme to my handes, by +<span class = "pagenum orig">(6)</span> +which occasion after I had viewed thẽ, and perceiued them ful of al +kyndes of learnyng, thinkyng thẽ no workes for all mẽ to vnderstande +with out helpe, but such as were wel sene in all sortes of authours: +I endeuoured my selfe partely for the helpe of others, & partly +for mine owne exercise, to declare vpon theim the profite of my studie +in ciuile and humane learnynge, and to haue before mine eyes as in a +worke (which was alwaies my delyght) how muche I had profited in the +same. Thys so done, I ioyned euery of my commentaries to euery of +hys saied bokes, faier written by Nicolas Pergate puple to the saied +Maister Framyngham, myndyng after the iudgement of learned men had in +thesame, to haue set theim furthe in prynte, if it had ben so thought +good to theim. For whyche cause, at my departynge into Italie, +I put an Epistle before theym dedicatorye to the right Reuerend +father in God Thomas Thirlbye, now Bishoppe of Norwiche, because thesame +maister Framyngham loued hym aboue others. He after my departure +deliuered the bokes to the reuerende father in god Jhõ Skippe, late +bishop of Hereforde, then to D. Thirtle, tutor to the sayd maister +framynghã, frõ him to syr Richard Morisine, +<span class = "pagenum">8</span> +now ambassadoure for y<sup>e</sup> kinges maiestie with thẽperour, then +to D. Tailour Deane of Lincolne, and syr Thomas Smithe, secretarie +after to y<sup>e</sup> kynges Maiestie, all great learned men. Frõ these +to others they wente, among whome the bokes died, (as I suppose,) +or els be closely kept, that after my death they may be setfurthe in the +names of them which now haue thẽ, as their workes. Howe soeuer it be, +well I knowe that at my returne out of Italie (after vj. yeres +continuance ther) into Englãd, I coulde neuer vnderstand wher they +wer, although I bothe diligently and desirousely sought thẽ. After these +I translated out of Greke into Latine a litle boke of <i>Nicephorus</i>, +declarynge howe a man maye in praiynge confesse hym selfe, which after I +dyd geue vnto Jhõ Grome bacheler in arte, +<span class = "pagenum orig">(7)</span> +a yong man in yeres, but in witte & learnyng for his tyme, of +great expectatiõ. That done I beganne a chronicle of the citie of +Norwiche, of the beginninge therof & thinges done ther frõ time to +time. The matere wherof yet rude and vndigested lyeth by me, which at +laisure I minde to polishe, and to make an end of that I haue begunne. +And to be shorte, in phisicke diuerse thynges I haue made & +settefurth in print bothe in Greke and Latine, not mindyng to do other +wise, as I haue before said, al my life: For which cause al these +thinges I haue rehersed, els superfluous in this place. Yet see, meaning +now to counseill a litle agaynst the sweatyng sickenes for helpe also of +others, notwithstandyng my former purpose, two thynges compell me, in +writynge therof, to returne agayne to Englishe, Necessite of the matter, +& good wyl to my countrie, frendes, & acquaintance, whiche here +to haue required me, to whome I thinke my selfe borne.</p> + +<p>Necessite, for that this disease is almoste peculiar vnto vs Englishe +men, and not common to all men, folowyng vs, as the shadowe the body, in +all countries, albeit not at al times. Therfore compelled I am to vse +this our Englishe tongue as best to be vnderstande, and moste nedeful to +whome it most foloweth, most behoueth to haue spedy remedie, and often +tymes leaste nyghe to places of succourre and comforte at lerned mennes +handes: and leaste nedefull to be setfurthe in other tongues to be +vnderstand generally of all persons, +<span class = "pagenum">9</span> +whome it either haunteth not at all, or els very seldome, as ones in an +age. Thinkynge it also better to write this in Englishe after mine own +meanyng, then to haue it translated out of my Latine by other after +their misunderstandyng.</p> + +<p>Good wyll to my countrie frendes and acquaintance, seynge them wyth +out defence yelde vnto it, and it ferefully to inuade thẽ, furiousely +handle them, spedily oppresse them, vnmercyfully +<span class = "pagenum orig">(8)</span> +choke them, and that in no small numbers, and such persons so notably +noble in birthe, goodly conditions, graue sobrietie, singular wisedõe, +and great learnynge, as Henry Duke of Suffolke, and the lorde Charles +his brother, as fewe hath bene sene lyke of their age: an heuy & +pitifull thyng to here or see. So that if by onely learned men in +phisicke & not this waye also it should be holpen, it were nedeful +almost halfe so many learned men to be redy in euery toune and citie, as +their should be sweatynge sicke folkes. Yet this notwithstandynge, +I wyll euery man not to refuse the counseill of the present or +nighe phisicen learned, who maie, accordyng to the place, persone, +cause, & other circũstances, geue more particular counseil at nede, +but in any wise exhorte him to seke it with all diligence. To this +enterprise also amonge so many learned men, not a litle stirreth me the +gentilnes and good willes of al sortes of men, which I haue well proued +heretofore by my other former bokes. Mindynge therefore with as good a +will to geue my counseil in this, and trusting for no lesse gentlenes in +the same, I wyll plainly and in English for their better +vnderstandynge to whome I write, firste declare the beginnynge, name, +nature, and signes of the sweatynge sickenes. Next, the causes of the +same. And thirdly, how to preserue men frõ it, and remedy them whẽ they +haue it.</p> + +<p><span class = "sidenote"> +The beginnyng of the disease</span> +In the yere of our Lorde God M.CCCC.lxxxv. shortly after the vij. daye +of august, at whiche tyme kynge Henry the seuenth arriued at Milford in +walles, out of Fraunce, and in the firste yere of his reigne, ther +chaunced a disease among the people, lastyng the reste of that monethe +& all September, which for the soubdeine sharpenes and vnwont +cruelnes passed the pestilence. For this commonly geueth iij. or iiij. +often vij. sumtyme ix. as that firste at +<span class = "pagenum">10</span> +Athenes whiche <i>Thucidides</i> describeth in his seconde boke, sumtyme +xj. and sumtyme xiiij. dayes respecte, to whome it +<span class = "pagenum orig">(9)</span> +vexeth. But that immediatly killed some in opening theire windowes, some +in plaieng with children in their strete dores, some in one hour, many +in two it destroyed, & at the longest, to thẽ that merilye dined, it +gaue a sorowful Supper. As it founde them so it toke them, some in +sleape some in wake, some in mirthe some in care, some fasting & +some ful, some busy and some idle, and in one house sometyme three +sometime fiue, sometyme seuen sometyme eyght, sometyme more some tyme +all, of the whyche, if the haulfe in euerye Towne escaped, it was +thoughte great fauour. How, or wyth what maner it toke them, with what +grieffe, and accidentes it helde theym, herafter thẽ I wil declare, whẽ +I shal come to shewe the signes therof. In the mene space, know that +this disease (because it most did stand in sweating from the beginning +vntil the endyng) was called here, the Sweating sickenesse: and because +it firste beganne in Englande, it was named in other countries, the +englishe sweat. Yet some conjecture that it, or the like, hath bene +before seene among the Grekes in the siege of Troie. In thẽperor +Octauius warres at <i>Cantabria</i>, called nowe Biscaie, in Hispaine: +and in the Turkes, at the Rhodes. How true that is, let the aucthours +loke: how true thys is, the best of our Chronicles shewith, & of the +late begonne disease the freshe memorie yet confirmeth. But if the name +wer now to be geuen, and at my libertie to make the same: I would +of the maner and space of the disease (by cause the same is no +sweat only, as herafter I will declare, & in the spirites) make the +name <i>Ephemera</i>, which is to sai, a feuer of one natural dai. +A feuer, for the feruor or burning, drieth & sweating feure +like. Of one naturall day, for that it lasteth but the time of xxiiij. +houres. And for a distinction from the commune <i>Ephemera</i>, that +Galene writeth of, comming both of other causes, and wyth vnlike paines, +I wold putte to it either Englishe, for that it followeth somoche +English menne, to whõ +<span class = "pagenum orig">(10)</span> +it is almoste proper, & also began here: or els pestilent, for that +it cõmeth by infection & putrefaction, otherwise then doth the other +<i>Ephemera</i>. Whiche thing I suppose may the +<span class = "pagenum">11</span> +better be done, because I se straunge and no english names both in +Latine and Greke by commune vsage taken for Englishe. As in Latin, +Feure, Quotidiã, Tertian, Quartane, Aier, Infection, Pestilence, Uomite, +Person, Reines, Ueines, Peines, Chamere, Numbre, &c. a litle altered +by the commune pronunciation. In Greke, Pleuresie, Ischiada, Hydrops, +Apostema, Phlegma, and Chole: called by the vulgare pronunciatiõ, +Schiatica, Dropsie, Impostume, Phleume, & Choler: Gyne also, and +Boutyre, Sciourel, Mouse, Rophe, Phrase, Paraphrase, & cephe, wherof +cometh Chaucers couercephe, in the romant of the Rose, writtẽ and +pronoũced comõly, kerchief in y<sup>e</sup> south, & courchief in +the north. Thereof euery head or principall thing, is comonlye called +cephe, pronoũced & writtẽ, chief. Uery many other there be in our +commune tongue, whiche here to rehearse were to long. These for an +example shortelye I haue here noted. But for the name of this disease it +maketh now no matter, the name of Sweat beyng cõmõly vsed. Let vs +therfore returne to the thing, which as occasiõ & cause serued, came +againe in the M.D.vi. the xxii. yeare of the said Kyng Henry the +seuenth. Aftre that, in the yeare M.D.xvii. the ix. yeare of Kyng Henry +the viii, and endured from July, vnto y<sup>e</sup> middest of Decẽbre. +The iiii tyme, in the yeare M.D.xxviii. the xx. yeare of thesaied Kyng, +beginning in thende of May, & continuing June and July. The fifth +tyme of this fearful <i>Ephemera</i> of Englande, and pestilent sweat, +is this in the yeare M.D.LI. of oure Lorde GOD, and the fifth yeare of +oure Souereigne Lorde king Edwarde the sixth, beginning at Shrewesbury +in the middest of April, proceadinge with greate mortalitie to Ludlowe, +Prestene, and +<span class = "pagenum orig">(11)</span> +other places in Wales, then to Westchestre, Couentre, Oxenfoorde, and +other tounes in the Southe, and such as were in and aboute the way to +London, whether it came notablie the seuenth of July, and there +continuing sore, with the losse of vii. C. lxi. from the ix. day vntil +the xvi. daye, besides those that died in the vii. and viii. dayes, of +whõ no registre was kept, frõ that it abated vntil the xxx. day of the +same, with the losse of C. xlii. more. Then ceassing there, it wente +from thence throughe al the east partes of England into the Northe +<span class = "pagenum">12</span> +vntill the ende of Auguste, at whiche tyme it diminished, and in the +ende of Septembre fully ceassed.</p> + +<p>This disease is not a Sweat onely, (as it is thought & called) +but a feuer, as I saied, in the spirites by putrefaction venemous, with +a fight, trauaile, and laboure of nature againste the infection receyued +in the spirites, whervpon by chaunce foloweth a Sweate, or issueth an +humour compelled by nature, as also chanceth in other sicknesses whiche +consiste in humours, when they be in their state, and at the worste in +certein dayes iudicial, aswel by vomites, bledinges, & fluxes, as by +sweates. That this is true, the self sweates do shewe. For as in vtter +businesses, bodies y<sup>t</sup> sore do labour, by trauail of the same +are forced to sweat, so in inner diseases, the bodies traueiled & +labored by thẽ, are moued to the like. In which labors, if nature be +strõg & able to thrust out the poisõ by sweat (not otherwise letted) +y<sup>e</sup> persõ escapeth: if not, it dieth. That it is a feuer, thus +I haue partly declared, and more wil streight by the notes of the +disease, vnder one shewing also by thesame notes, signes, and short +tariance of the same, that it consisteth in the spirites. First by the +peine in the backe, or shoulder, peine in the extreme partes, as arme, +or legge, with a flusshing, or wind, as it semeth to certeine of the +pacientes, flieng in the same. Secondly by the grief in the liuer and +the nigh stomacke. Thirdely, by the peine in the head, & madnes of +<span class = "pagenum orig">(12)</span> +the same. Fourthly by the passion of the hart. For the flusshing or +wynde comming in the vtter and extreame partes, is nothing els but the +spirites of those same gathered together, at the first entring of the +euell aire, agaynste the infection therof, & flyeng thesame from +place to place, for their owne sauegarde. But at the last infected, they +make a grief where thei be forced, which cõmonly is in tharme or legge +(the fartheste partes of theire refuge) the backe or shulder: trieng +ther first a brũt as good souldiers, before they wil let their enemye +come further into theire dominion. The other grefes be therefore in +thother partes aforsaid & sorer, because the spirites be there most +plẽtuous as in their founteines, whether alwaies thinfection desireth to +go. For frõ the liuer, the nigh stomack, braine, and harte, come all the +iij. sortes, and kyndes +<span class = "pagenum">13</span> +of spirites, the gouernoures of oure bodies, as firste spronge there. +But from the hart, the liuish spirites. In putrifieng wherof by the euel +aier in bodies fit for it, the harte is oppressed. Wherupon also +foloweth a marueilous heauinesse, (the fifthe token of this disease,) +and a desire to sleape, neuer contented, the senses in al partes beynge +as they were bounde or closed vp, the partes therfore left heuy, +vnliuishe, and dulle. Laste foloweth the shorte abidinge, +a certeine Token of the disease to be in the spirites, as wel may +be proued by the <i>Ephemera</i> that Galene writethe of, whiche because +it consistethe in the Spirites, lasteth but one natural day. For as fire +in hardes or straw, is sone in flambe & sone oute, euen so heate in +the spirites, either by simple distemperature, or by infection and +putrefaction therin conceyued, is sone in flambe and sone out, and soner +for the vehemencye or greatnes of the same, whiche without lingering, +consumeth sone the light matter, contrary to al other diseases restyng +in humoures, wherin a fire ones kindeled, is not so sone put out, no +more +<span class = "pagenum orig">(13)</span> +then is the same in moiste woodde, or fat Sea coles, as well by the +particular Example of the pestilence, (of al others most lyke vnto +this) may be declared, whyche by that it stãdeth in euel humors, tarieth +as I said, sometyme, from iiij. vii. ix. & xj. vntill xiiij. dayes, +differentlie from this, by reason therof, albeit by infection most lyke +to this same. Thus vnder one laboure shortelie I haue declared both what +this disease is, wherein it consisteth, howe and with what accidentes it +grieueth and is differente from the Pestilence, and the propre signes, +and tokens of the same, without the whiche, if any do sweate, +I take theym not to Sweate by this Sickenesse, but rather by feare, +heate of the yeare, many clothes, greate exercise, affection, excesse in +diete, or at the worst, by a smal cause of infection, and lesse +disposition of the bodi to this sicknes. So that, insomoche as the body +was nat al voide of matter, sweate it did when infection came: but in +that the mattere was not greate, the same coulde neyther be perilous nor +paineful as in others, in whom it was greater cause.</p> + +<p><span class = "sidenote"> +<i>The causes.</i></span> +Hetherto I haue shewed the beginning, name, nature, & signes of this +disease: nowe I will declare the causes, +<span class = "pagenum">14</span> +which be ij.: infectiõ, & impure spirites in bodies corrupt by +repletiõ. Infection, by thaire receiuing euel qualities, distẽpring not +only y<sup>e</sup> hete, but the hole substãce therof, in putrifieng +thesame, and that generally ij. waies. By the time of the yere +vnnatural, & by the nature & site of the soile & +region—wherunto maye be put the particular accidentes of this +same. By the time of the yeare vnnaturall, as if winter be hot & +drie, somer hot and moist: (a fit time for sweates) the spring +colde and drye, the fall hot & moist. To this mai be ioyned the euel +disposition by constellation, whiche hath a great power & dominion +in al erthly thinges. By the site & nature of the soile & regiõ, +many wayes. First & specially by euel mistes & exhalatiõs drawen +out of the grounde by the sũne in the heate of the yeare, as chanced +amõg the Grekes in the siege of Troy, wherby died firste dogges & +mules, after, +<span class = "pagenum orig">(14)</span> +mẽ in great numbre: & here also in Englãd in this m.d.lj. yeare, the +cause of this pestilent sweate, but of dyuers nature. Whiche miste in +the countrie wher it began, was sene flie frõ toune to toune, with suche +a stincke in morninges & eueninges, that mẽ could scarcely abide it. +Thẽ by dampes out of the earth, as out of Galenes <i>Barathrũ</i>, or +the poetes <i>auernũ</i>, or <i>aornũ</i>, the dampes wherof be such, +that thei kil y<sup>e</sup> birdes fliẽg ouer them. Of like dampes, +I heard in the north coũtry in cole pits, wherby the laboring mẽ be +streight killed, except before the houre of coming therof (which thei +know by y<sup>e</sup> flame of their cãdle) thei auoid the groũd. +Thirdly by putrefactiõ or rot in groũdes aftre great flouddes, in +carions, & in dead men. After great fluddes, as happened in +y<sup>e</sup> time of Gallien thẽperor at rome, in <i>Achaia</i> & +<i>Libia</i>, wher the seas sodeinly did ouerflow y<sup>e</sup> cities +nigh to y<sup>t</sup> same. And in the xi. yeare of <i>Pelagius</i>, +when al the flouddes throughe al Italye didde rage, but chieflye +<i>Tibris</i> at Rome, whiche in many places was as highe as the walles +of the citie.</p> + +<p>In cariõs or dead bodies, as fortuned here in Englande vpon the sea +banckes in the tyme of King Alured, or Alfrede; (as some +Chroniclers write) but in the time of king Ethelred after Sabellicus, by +occasion of drowned Locustes cast vp by the Sea, which by a wynde were +driuen oute of Fraunce +<span class = "pagenum">15</span> +thether. This locust is a flie in bignes of a mãnes thumbe, in colour +broune, in shape somewhat like a greshopper, hauing vi. fiete, so many +wynges, two tiethe, & an hedde like a horse, and therfore called in +Italy <i>Caualleto</i>, where ouer y<sup>e</sup> city of <i>Padoa</i>, +in the yeare m.d.xlij. (as I remembre,) I, with manye more did see +a swarme of theim, whose passage ouer the citie, did laste two hours, in +breadth inestimable to euery man there. Here by example to note +infection by deadde menne in Warres, either in rotting aboue the ground, +as chaunced in Athenes by theim of Ethiopia, or els in beyng buried +ouerly +<span class = "pagenum orig">(15)</span> +as happened at Bulloigne, in the yere M.D.xlv. the yeare aftre king +Henrye theight had conquered the same, or by long continuance of an +hoste in one place, it is more playne by dayly experience, then it +neadeth to be shewed. Therefore I wil now go to the fourth especial +cause of infectiõ, the pent aier, breaking out of the ground in +yearthquakes, as chaunced at Uenice in the first yeare of <i>Andrea +Dandulo</i>, then Duke, the xxiiij. day of Januarye, and xx. hour after +their computacion. By which infectiõ mani died, & many were borne +before their time. The v. cause is close, & vnstirred aire, & +therfore putrified or corrupt, out of old welles, holes in y<sup>t</sup> +groũd made for grain, wherof many I did se in & about <i>Pesaro</i> +in Italy, by openĩg thẽ aftre a great space, as both those coũtrimẽ do +cõfesse, & also by exãple is declared, for y<sup>e</sup> manye in +openĩg thẽ vnwarely be killed. Out of caues, & tõbes also, as +chaũced first in the country of <i>Babilonia</i>, proceding aftre into +Grece, and so to Rome, by occasion that y<sup>e</sup> souldiers of +themperour <i>Marcus Antoninus</i>, vpon hope of money, brake up a +golden coffine of <i>Auidius Cassius</i>, spiẽg a litle hole therin, in +the tẽple of <i>Apollo</i> in <i>Seleucia</i>, as <i>Ammianus +Marcellinus</i> writeth. To these mai be ioyned the particular causes of +infectiõ, which I cal the accidentes of the place, augmenting thesame. +As nigh to dwelling places, merishe & muddy groundes, puddles or +donghilles, sinkes or canales, easing places or carions, deadde ditches +or rotten groundes, close aier in houses or ualleis, with suche like. +Thus muche for the firste cause.</p> + +<p>The second cause of this Englyshe <i>Ephemera</i>, I said were +thimpure spirites in bodies corupt by repletiõ. Repletion I +<span class = "pagenum">16</span> +cal here, abundance of humores euel & maliciouse, from long time by +litle & litle gathered by euel diete, remaining in the bodye, coming +either by to moche meate, or by euel meate in qualitie, as infected +frutes, meates of euel iuse or nutrimẽt; or both ioyntly. To such +spirites when the aire infectiue cometh +<span class = "pagenum orig">(16)</span> +cõsonant, thẽ be thei distẽpered, corrupted, sore handled, & +oppressed, thẽ nature is forced, & the disease engendred. But while +I doe declare these impure spirites to be one cause, I must remoue +your myndes frõ spirites to humours, for that the spirites be fedde of +the finest partes therof, & aftre bringe you againe to spirites +where I toke you. And forsomuche as I haue not yet forgotten to whome I +write, in this declaration I will leaue a part al learned & subtil +reasõs, as here void & vnmiete, & only vse suche as be most +euident to whom I write, & easiest to be vnderstanden of the same: +and at ones therwith shew also why it haũteth vs English men more thẽ +other nations. Therfore I passe ouer the vngẽtle sauoure or smell of the +sweate, grosenes, colour, and other qualities of the same, the +quantitie, the daunger in stopping, the maner in coming furthe redily, +or hardly, hot or cold, the notes in the excremẽtes, the state longer or +sorer, with suche others, which mai be tokẽs of corrupt humours & +spirites, & onli wil stãd upõ iii. reasõs declaring y<sup>e</sup> +same swet by gret repletiõ to be in vs not otherwise for al the euel +aire apt to this disease, more thẽ other natiõs. For as hereaftre I wil +shew, & Galẽ cõfirmeth, our bodies cã not suffre any thĩg or hurt by +corrupt & infectiue causes, except ther be in thẽ a certeĩ mater +prepared apt & like to receiue it, els if one were sick, al shuld be +sick, if in this countri, in al coũtres wher the infection came, which +thĩg we se doth not chãce. For touching the first reasõ, we se this +sweting sicknes or pestilẽt <i>Ephemera</i>, to be oft in Englãd, but +neuer entreth Scotland, (except the borders) albeit thei both be +ioinctly within the cõpas of on sea. The same beginning here, hath +assailed Brabant & the costes nigh to it, but neuer passed Germany, +where ones it was in like faciõ as here, with great mortalitie, in the +yere m.d.xlix. Cause wherof none other there is naturall, then the euell +diet of these thre contries whiche destroy more meates and +<span class = "pagenum orig">(17)</span> +<span class = "pagenum">17</span> +drynckes withoute al ordre, cõueniẽt time, reasõ, or necessite, thẽ +either Scotlande, or all other countries vnder the sunne, to the greate +annoiance of their owne bodies and wittes, hinderance of theim which +have nede, and great dearth and scarcitie in their cõmon welthes. +Wherfore if <i>Esculapius</i> the inuentour of phisike, y<sup>e</sup> +sauer of mẽ from death, and restorer to life, should returne again ĩto +this world, he could not saue these sortes of men, hauing so moche +sweatyng stuffe, so many euill humoures laid vp in store, frõ this +displeasante, feareful, & pestilent disease: except thei would +learne a new lesson, & folowe a new trade. For other wise, neither +the auoidyng of this countrie (the seconde reason) nor fleyng into +others, (a commune refuge in other diseases) wyll preserue vs +Englishe men, as in this laste sweate is by experience well proued in +Cales, Antwerpe, and other places of Brabant, wher only our contrimen +ware sicke, & none others, except one or ii. others of thenglishe +diete, which is also to be noted. The cause hereof natural is onely +this, that they caried ouer with thẽ, & by lyke diete ther incresed +that whiche was the cause of their disease. Wherefore lette vs +asserteine our selues, that in what soeuer contrie lyke cause and matter +is, there commyng like aier and cause efficient, wil make lyke effecte +and disease in persõs of agreable complexions, age, and diete, if the +tyme also doe serue to these same, and in none others. These I putte, +for that the tyme of the yere hote, makethe moche to the malice of the +disease, in openynge the pores of the body, lettynge in the euill aier, +resoluynge the humores and makynge them flowable, and disposing therfore +the spirites accordyngly, besyde, that (as I shewed in the first +cause of this pestilente sweate) it stirreth and draweth out of the +erthe euill exhalations and mistes, to thinfection of the aier and +displeasure of vs. +<span class = "pagenum orig">(18)</span> +Diet I put, for that they of the contrarie diete be not troubled with it +at all. Age and complexion, for this, that although it spareth nõ age of +bothe kyndes, nor no complexion but some it touchethe, yet for the most +parte (wherby rules and reasones be alwayes to be made) it vexed theim +of the middle age, beste luste, and theim not moche vnder that, and of +complexions hote & moiste, as fitteste by their naughty & moche +<span class = "pagenum">18</span> +subtiltie of blode to fede the spirites: or nigh and lyke to thesame in +some one of the qualities, as cholerike in hete, phlegmatike in moister, +excepte thother their qualities, as drinesse in cholerike, & cold in +phlegmatike, by great dominion ouer thother, did lette. For the clene +contrarie complexiõs to the infected aier, alwaies remaine helthful, +saulfe and better then tofore, the corrupte and infected aier +notwithstandyng. Therfore cold and drie persones either it touched not +at all, or very fewe, and that wyth no danger: such I say as beside +their complexion, (whiche is so harde to finde in any man exacte and +simple, as exacte helthes) were annoied with some corrupt humoures & +spirites, & therfore mete by so moch to receiue it, & that by +good reasõ. For nothing can naturally haue power to do ought against any +thing, excepte the same haue in it selfe a disposicion by like qualities +to receiue it. As the cause in the fote cãnot trouble the flanke and +leue the knee (the mean betwixte) except there were a greater consent +and likenes of nature in sufferance (whiche we call <i>sympathian</i>) +betwixte those then thother. Nor fire refusynge stones, canne burne +hardes, strawe, stickes and charcole, oile, waxe, fatte, and seacole, +except these same first of al wer apte, and by conuenient qualities +disposed to be enflamed and burned. Nor any man goeth about to burne +water, because the qualities thereof be contrary, and the body +vndisposed to the like of fire. By whiche reason it may also be +perceiued, that y<sup>e</sup> venemouse qualitie of this corrupt aire is +<span class = "pagenum orig">(20)<br> +[= (19)]</span> +hote and moiste, for it redily enfectethe the lyke complexions, and +those nigh vnto theim, and the contrary not at all, or hardly: & +easely doth putrify, as doe the Southe wyndes. Therfore next vnto those +colde and drie cõplexions, olde men escaped free, as like to theim by +age: and children, as voide of replecion consumed by their great hete, +and therefore alwaies redy to eate. But in this disease the subtile +humour euill and abundant in full bodies fedyng y<sup>e</sup> spirites, +is more to be noted then the humour complexional, whiche +notwithstanding, as an helper or hinderer to y<sup>e</sup> same, is not +to be neglected. For els it should be in all contries and persones +indifferently, wher all complexiones be. The thirde and laste +<span class = "pagenum">19</span> +reason is, y<sup>t</sup> they which had thys sweat sore with perille or +death, were either men of welthe, ease, & welfare, or of the poorer +sorte such as wer idle persones, good ale drinkers, and Tauerne +haunters. For these, by y<sup>e</sup> great welfare of the one sorte, +and large drinkyng of thother, heped vp in their bodies moche euill +matter: by their ease and idlenes, coulde not waste and consume it. +A <ins class = "correction" title = "text unchanged">comfirmacion</ins> +of this is, that the laborouse and thinne +dieted people, either had it not, because they dyd eate but litle to +make the matter: or with no greate grefe and danger, because they +laboured out moche thereof. Wherefore vpon small cause, necessarily must +folowe a smal effecte. All these reasones go to this ende, that persones +of all contries of moderate and good diete, escape thys Englishe +<i>Ephemera</i>, and those be onely vexed therewith, whiche be of +immoderate and euill diete. But why? for the euill humores and corrupte +aier alone? No, for thẽ the pestilence and not the swet should rise. For +what then? For y<sup>e</sup> impure spirites corrupte in theim selues +and by the infectiue aier. Why so? for that of impure and corrupte +humores, whether thei be blode or others, can rise none other then +impure spirites. +<span class = "pagenum orig">(20)</span> +For euery thynge is suche as that whereof it commeth. Now, that of the +beste and fineste of the blode, yea in corrupte bodies (whyche beste is +nought) these spirites be ingendred and fedde, I before expressed. +Therfor who wyl haue them pure and cleane, and him selfe free from +sweat, muste kepe a pure and cleane diete, and then he shalbe sure.</p> + +<p><span class = "sidenote"> +<i>The preseruacion</i></span> +Infection by the aier, and impure spirites by repletion thus founde and +declared to be the causes of this pestilente sweate or Englishe +<i>ephemera</i>, lette vs nowe see howe we maye preserue our selues from +it, and howe it may be remedied, if it chaunce, wythe lesse mortalitie. +I wyll begynne wyth preseruation. That most of all dothe stande in +auoidyng the causes to come of the disease, the thinges helping forward +the same, and remouyng that whiche is alredy had & gotten. Al be +done by the good order of thynges perteynyng to the state of the body. +Therfore I will begin with diete wher I lefte, & then go furth with +aier where I beganne in treatyng the causes, and declare the waie to +auoide +<span class = "pagenum">20</span> +infection, and so furthe to the reste in order. Who that lustethe to +lyue in quiete suretie, out of the sodaine danger of this Englishe +<i>ephemera</i>, he aboue all thynges, of litle and good muste eate +& spare not, the laste parte wherof wyl please well (I doubt +not) vs Englishe men: the firste I thinke neuer a deale. Yet it must +please theim that entende to lyue without the reche of this disease. So +doyng, they shall easely escape it. For of that is good, can be +engendred no euill: of that is litle, can be gathered no great store. +Therfore helthful must he nedes be and free from this disease, that +vsethe this kinde of liuynge and maner in dietynge. An example hereof +may the wise man <i>Socrates</i> be, which by this sorte of diete +escaped a sore pestilence in Athenes, neuer fleynge ne kepyng close him +selfe from the same. Truly who will lyue accordynge to nature and not to +lust, may with this diete be well contented. For nature is pleased with +a litle, nor seketh other then that +<span class = "pagenum orig">(22)<br> +[= (21)]</span> +the mind voide of cares and feares may be in quiete merily, and the body +voide of grefe, maye be in life swetly, as <i>Lucretius</i> writeth. +Here at large to ronne out vntill my breth wer spent, as vpon a common +place, against y<sup>e</sup> intemperãce or excessiue diete of Englande, +thincommodities & displeasures of the same many waies: and +contrarie, in commẽdation of meane diete and temperance (called of +<i>Plato</i> <i>sophrosyne</i>, for that it cõserneth wisdome) and the +thousande commodities therof, both for helthe, welthe, witte, and longe +life, well I might, & lose my laboure: such be our Englishe facions +rather then reasones. But for that I purpose neither to wright a longe +worke but a shorte counseill, nor to wery the reders with that they +luste not to here, I will lette that passe, and moue thẽ that +desire further to knowe my mynde therin, to remember that I sayd before, +of litle & good eate and spare not, wherby they shall easely +perceiue my meanyng. I therefore go furth with my diete, wherin my +counseill is, that the meates be helthfull, and holsomly kylled, swetly +saued, and wel prepared in rostyng, sethyng, baking, & so furth. The +bred, of swet corne, wel leuened, and so baked. The drinke of swete +malte and good water kyndly brued, without other drosse nowe a daies +vsed. No wine in all the tyme of +<span class = "pagenum">21</span> +sweatyng, excepte to suche whose sickenes require it for medicin, for +fere of inflamynge & openynge, nor except y<sup>e</sup> halfe be wel +soden water. In other tymes, old, pure, & smal. Wishĩg for the +better executiõ hereof & ouersight of good and helthsome victalles, +ther wer appointed certein masters of helth in euery citie and toune, as +there is in Italie, whiche for the good order in all thynges, maye be in +al places an example. The meates I would to be veale, muttone, kidde, +olde lambe, chikyn, capone, henne, cocke, pertriche, phesane, felfare, +smal birdes, pigeon, yong pecockes, whose fleshe by a +<span class = "pagenum orig">(22)</span> +certeine natural & secrete propertie neuer putrefie, as hath bene +proued. Conies, porke of meane age, neither fatte nor leane, the skynne +takẽ awaye, roste, & eatẽ colde: Tartes of prunes, gelies of veale +& capone. Yong befe in this case a litle poudered is not to be +dispraised, nor new egges & good milke. Butter in a mornyng with +sage and rewe fastynge in the sweatynge tyme, is a good preseruatiue, +beside that it nourisheth. Crabbes, crauesses, picrel, perche, ruffe, +gogion, lampreis out of grauelly riuers, smeltes, dace, barbell, +gornerd, whityng, soles, flunders, plaice, millers thumbes, minues, +w<sup>t</sup> such others, sodde in water & vinegre w<sup>t</sup> +rosemary<ins class = "correction" title = ", missing">, </ins>time, +sage, & hole maces, & serued hote. Yea swete salte fishe and +linge, for the saltes sake wastynge y<sup>e</sup> humores therof, which +in many freshe fishes remaine, maye be allowed well watered to thẽ that +haue none other, & wel lyke it. Nor all fishes, no more then al +fleshes be so euil as they be takẽ for: as is wel declared in physik, +& approued by the olde and wise romaines moche in their fisshes, +lusty chartusianes neuer in fleshes, & helthful poore people more in +fishe then fleshe. But we are nowe a daies so vnwisely fine, and womanly +delicate, that we may in no wise touch a fisshe. The olde manly hardnes, +stoute courage, & peinfulnes of Englande is vtterly driuen awaye, in +the stede wherof, men now a daies receive womanlines, & become nice, +not able to withstande a blaste of wynde, or resiste a poore fishe. And +children be so brought vp, that if they be not all daie by the fire with +a toste and butire, and in their furres, they be streight sicke.</p> + +<p>Sauces to metes I appoint firste aboue all thynges good +<span class = "pagenum">22</span> +appetite, and next Oliues, capers, iuse of lemones, Barberies, +Pomegranetes, Orenges and Sorel, veriuse, & vineigre, iuse of vnripe +Grapes, thepes or Goseberies. After mete, quinces, or marmalade, +Pomegranates, Orenges sliced eaten with Suger, Succate of the pilles or +barkes therof, and of pomecitres, olde apples and peres, Prunes, +Reisons, Dates & Nuttes. Figges +<span class = "pagenum orig">(24)<br> +[= (23)]</span> +also, so they be taken before diner, els no frutes of that yere, nor +rawe herbes or rotes in sallattes, for that in suche times they be +suspected to be partakers also of the enfected aire.</p> + +<p>Of aire so much I haue spoken before, as apperteinethe to the +declaration of enfection therby. Nowe I wyl aduise and counseill howe to +kepe the same pure, for somoche as may be, or lesse enfected, and +correcte the same corrupte. The first is done in takynge a way +y<sup>e</sup> causes of enfectiõ. The seconde, by doynge in all pointes +the contrary thereto. Take awaye the causes we maye, in damnyng diches, +auoidynge cariõs, lettyng in open aire, shunning suche euil mistes as +before I spake of, not openynge or sturrynge euill brethynge places, +landynge muddy and rottẽ groundes, burieng dede bodyes, kepyng canelles +cleane, sinkes & easyng places sweat, remouynge dongehilles, boxe +and euil sauouryng thynges, enhabitynge high & open places, close +towarde the sowthe, shutte toward the winde, as reason wil & +thexperience of <i>M. varro</i> in the pestilẽce at <i>Corcyra</i> +confirmethe. Correcte in doyng the contrary we shall, in dryenge the +moiste with fyres, either in houses or chambers, or on that side the +cities, townes, & houses, that lieth toward the infection and wynde +commyng together, chefely in mornynges & eueninges, either by +burnyng the stubble in the felde, or windfallynges in the woodes, or +other wise at pleasure. By which policie skilful <i>Acron</i> deliuered +Athenes in <i>Gretia</i>, and diuine <i>Hippocrates</i> <i><ins class = +"correction" title = "anomalous italics in original">abderã in</ins> +Thratia</i> frõ y<sup>e</sup> pestilẽce, & preserued frõ the same +other the cities in <i>Grece</i>, at diuerse times cõyng with the wynde +frõ <i>æthiopia</i>, <i>illyria</i><ins class = "correction" title = +"printed with italic ampersand as if one place: ‘Illyria and Pæonia’"> +& </ins><i>pæonia</i>, by putting to the fires wel smelling +garlãdes, floures & odoures, as <i>Galene</i> and <i>Soranus</i> +write. Of like pollicie for purgyng the aier were the bonfires made +(as I suppose) frõ long time hetherto vsed in y<sup>e</sup> middes +of sommer, +<span class = "pagenum orig">(24)</span> +and not onely for vigiles. In cõfortyng the spirites also, and +<span class = "pagenum">23</span> +by alterynge the aier with swete odoures of roses, swet perfumes of the +same, rosemary leaues, baies, and white sanders cutte, afewe cloues +steped in rose water and vinegre rosate, the infection shalbe lesse +noious. With the same you maye also make you a swete house in castynge +it abrode therin, if firste by auoidynge the russhes and duste, you make +the house clene. Haue alwaies in your handcercher for your nose and +mouth, bothe with in your house and without, either the perfume before +saide, or vinegre rosate: and in your mouth a pece either of setwel, or +of the rote of <i>enula campana</i> wel steped before in vinegre rosate, +a mace, or berie of Juniper. In wante of suche perfumes as is +beforesaide, take of mirrhe & drie rose leues of eche a lyke +quantite, with a little franke encense, for the like purpose, and caste +it vpon the coles: or burne Juniper & their beries. And for so moche +as clenelines is a great help to helthe, mine aduise is, that all your +clothes be swete smellynge and clene, and that you wasshe your handes +and face not in warme water, but with rose water and vinegre rosate +colde, or elles with the faire water and vinegre wherein the pilles or +barkes of orenges and pomegranates are sodden: or the pilles of +pomecitres & sorel is boiled: for so you shalle close the pores +ayenst the ayre, that it redily entre not, and cole and tempre those +partes so wasshed, accordynge to the right entente in curynge this +disease. For in al the discurse, preseruatiõ, and cure of thys disease, +the chefe marke & purpose is, to minister suche thynges as of their +nature haue the facultie by colyng dryenge and closyng, to resiste +putrefaction, strength and defende the spirites, comforte the harte, and +kepe all the body ayenst the displeasure of the corrupte aire. Wherfor +it shal be wel done, if you take of this cõposition folowyng euery +mornyng the weight of ij. d. in vi. +<span class = "pagenum orig">(25)</span> +sponefulles of water or iuleppe of Sorel, & cast it vpon your meate +as pepper, ℞ seĩs citri. acetos. ros. rub. sãdal. citrin. ãn. ʒ i, +boli armeni oriẽtal. ʒ i. s, terr. sigil. ʒ s, +margarit. ʒ i, fol. auri puri. nº. iiij, misce. & +f. pul. diuidatur ad põd. ʒ s. Or in the stede of this, take +fasting the quantitie of a small bene of <i>Mithridatum</i> or Uenice +triacle in a sponeful of Sorel, or Scabious water, or by the selfe +alone. And in goyng +<span class = "pagenum">24</span> +abrode, haue in youre hande either an handekercher with vinegre and rose +water, or a litle muske balle of nutmegges, maces, cloues, saffrõ, & +cinamone, of eche the weight of ij. d. finely beatẽ; of mastike the +weight of ij. d. ob. of storax, v. d. of ladane x. d. of +Ambre grise vi. graines, of Muske iii. graines dissolued in ryght +Muscadel: temper al together, & make a balle. In want of +<i>Mithridatum</i> or suche other as I haue before mencioned, vse dayly +the Sirupes of Pomegranates, Lemones, and Sorell, of eche half an vnce, +with asmuche of the watres of Tormentille, Sorell, and Dragones, fasting +in the morning, and one houre before supper. A toste in vinegre or +veriuse of Grapes, with a litle poulder of Cinamome and Settewelle caste +vppon it. Or two figges with one nutte carnelle, and tenne leaues of rue +in eche, and a litle salt. Or boutire, rue, and sage, with breade in a +morning eaten nexte your harte, be as good preseruatiues, as theie be +easye to be hadde. These preseruatiues I here appoincte the more +willingly among many others further to be fetched, because these maye +easelier be hadde, as at hande in niede, which now to finde is my most +endeuour, as moste fruictfulle to whome I write. And this to be done I +counsaille in the sickenesse tyme, when firste you heare it to be +comming and begonne, but not in the fitte. Alwayes remembryng, not to go +out fastinge. For as <i>Cornelius Celsus</i> wrytethe, Uenime or +infection taketh holde muche soner in a bodye yet fasting, then in the +same not fastinge. Yet this is not so to be vnderstande, that in the +<span class = "pagenum orig">(26)</span> +mornynge we shal streight as our clothes be on, stuffe our bellies as +fulle as Englishe menne, (as the Frenche man saieth to our shames,) +but to be contente with oure preseruatiues, or with a little meate bothe +at breakefaste (if custome and nede so require) dynner and supper. +For other wise nature, if the disease shoulde take vs, shoulde haue more +a doe againste the full bealy and fearce disease, then it were able to +susteyne.</p> + +<p>Aftre diete and ayer followethe filling or emptieng. Of filling in +the name of repletiõ I spake before. Of ẽptieng, I will now +shortely write as of a thing very necessary for the conseruation of +mannes healthe. For if that whiche is euel within, be not by good meanes +& wayes wel fet oute, it often +<span class = "pagenum">25</span> +times destroyeth the lyfe. Good meanes to <ins class = "correction" +title = "text unchanged: long s ‘ſet’ in 1552 text?">fet</ins> out the +euelle stuffe of the body be two, abstinence, & auoydance.</p> + +<p>Abstinence, in eatynge and drinckynge litle, as a lytle before I +sayed, and seldome. For so, more goeth awaie then comethe, and by litle +and litle it wasteth the humours & drieth. Therfore (as I +wiene) throughe the counseil of Phisike, & by the good ciuile, & +politique ordres, tẽdring the wealth of many so much geuẽ to their +bellies to their own hurtes & damages, not able for wãt of reasõ to +rule thẽ selues, & therby enclined to al vices and diseases: for +thauoiding of these same, increase of vertue, witte and health, sauing +victualles, making plenty, auoyding lothesomenesse or wearinesse, by +chaunge, in taking sometime of that in the sea, and not alwaies +destroieng y<sup>t</sup> of the lande, an ordre (without the whiche +nothing can stand) and comon wealth, dayes of abstinence, and fasting +were firste made, and not for religion onely.</p> + +<p>Auoidance, because it cãnot be safely done withoute the healpe of a +good Phisicien, I let passe here, expressing howe it shoulde bee +done duelye accordinge to the nature of the +<span class = "pagenum orig">(27)</span> +disease and the estate of the personne, in an other booke made by me in +Latine, vppon this same matter and disease. Who therfore lusteth to see +more, let him loke vpon that boke. Yet here thus much wil I say, that if +after euacuation or auoiding of humors, the pores of the skinne remaine +close, and y<sup>e</sup> sweating excrement in the fleshe continueth +grosse (whiche thinge howe to know, hereafter I will declare) then rubbe +you the person meanly at home, & bathe him in faire water sodden +with Fenel, Chamemil, Rosemarye, Mallowes, & Lauendre, & last of +al, powre water half colde ouer al his body, and so dry him, & +clothe him. Al these be to be don a litle before y<sup>e</sup> end of +y<sup>e</sup> spring, that the humours may be seatled, and at rest, +before the time of the sweting, whiche cometh comonly in somer, if it +cometh at al. For the tormoiling of the body in that time when it ought +to be most quiete, at rest, and armed against his enemy, liketh me not +beste here, no more then in the pestilence. Yet for the presente nede, +if it be so thoughte good to a learned and discrete Phisicien, +I condescend the rather. For as in thys, so +<span class = "pagenum">26</span> +in alle others before rehearsed, I remytte you to the discretion of +a learned manne in phisike, who maye iudge what is to be done, and how, +according to the present estate of youre bodies, nature, custome, and +proprety, age, strength, delyghte and qualitie, tyme of the yeare, with +other circumstaunces, and thereafter to geue the quantitie, and make +diuersitie of hys medicine. Other wise loke not to receiue by this boke +that good which I entend, but that euel which by your owne foly you +vndiscretelye bring. For good counseil may be abused. And for me to +write of euery particular estate and case, whiche be so manye as there +be menne, were so great almost a busines, as to numbre the sandes in the +sea. Therfore seke you out a good Phisicien, and knowen to haue skille, +and at the leaste be so good to your bodies, as you are to your hosen or +shoes, for the wel making or mending wherof, I doubt +<span class = "pagenum orig">(28)</span> +not but you wil diligently searche out who is knowẽ to be the best +hosier or shoemaker in the place where you dwelle: and flie the +vnlearned as a pestilence in a comune wealth. As simple women, +carpenters, pewterers, brasiers, sopeballesellers, pulters, hostellers, +painters, apotecaries (otherwise then for their drogges,) auaunters thẽ +selues to come from Pole, Constantinople, Italie, Almaine, Spaine, +Fraunce, Grece and Turkie, Inde, Egipt or Jury: from y<sup>e</sup> +seruice of Emperoures, kinges & quienes, promising helpe of al +diseases, yea vncurable, with one or twoo drinckes, by waters sixe +monethes in continualle distillinge, by <i>Aurum potabile</i>, or +<i>quintessence</i>, by drynckes of great and hygh prices, as though +thei were made of the sũne, moone, or sterres, by blessynges and +Blowinges, Hipocriticalle prayenges, and foolysh smokynges of shirtes +Smockes and kerchieffes, wyth suche others theire phantasies, and +mockeryes, meaninge nothinge els but to abuse your light belieue, and +scorne you behind your backes with their medicines (so filthie, +that I am ashamed to name theim) for your single wit and simple belief, +in trusting thẽ most, whiche you know not at al, and vnderstãd least: +like to them whiche thinke, farre foules haue faire fethers, althoughe +thei be neuer so euel fauoured & foule: as thoughe there coulde not +be so conning an Englishman, as a foolish running stranger, (of +<span class = "pagenum">27</span> +others I speake not) or so perfect helth by honest learning, as by +deceiptfull ignorance. For in the erroure of these vnlerned, reasteth +the losse of your honest estimation, diere bloudde, precious spirites, +and swiete lyfe, the thyng of most estimation and price in this worlde, +next vnto the immortal soule.</p> + +<p>For consuming of euel matter within, and for making our bodies +lustye, galiard, & helthful, I do not a litle comende exercise, +whiche in vs Englishe men I allowe quick, and +<span class = "pagenum orig">(29)</span> +liuishe: as to runne after houndes and haukes, to shote, wrastle, play +at Tẽnes and weapons, tosse the winde balle, skirmishe at base +(an exercise for a gentlemanne, muche vsed among the Italianes,) +and vaughting vpon an horse. Bowling, a good excercise for women: +castinge of the barre and camping, I accompt rather a laming of +legges, then an exercise. Yet I vtterly reproue theim not, if the hurt +may be auoyded. For these a conueniente tyme is, before meate: due +measure, reasonable sweatinge, in al times of the yeare, sauing in the +sweatinge tyme. In the whiche I allow rather quietnesse then exercise, +for opening the body, in suche persons specially as be liberally & +freely brought vp. Others, except sitting artificers, haue theire +exercises by daily labours in their occupatiõs, to whom nothing niedeth +but solace onely, a thing conuenient for euery bodye that lusteth +to liue in helth. For els as nõ other thing, so not healthe canne be +longe durable. Thus I speake of solace, that I meane not Idlenesse, +wisshing alwayes no man to be idle, but to be occupied in some honest +kinde of thing necessary in a cõmon welth. For I accompt thẽ not worthi +meate & drink in a cõmõ welth, y<sup>t</sup> be not good for some +purpose or seruice therin, but take thẽ rather as burdennes vnprofitable +and heauye to the yearth, men borne to fille a numbre only, and wast the +frutes whiche therthe doeth <ins class = "correction" title = "text reads ‘grue’">giue</ins>, +willing soner to fiede the Lacedemonians old +& croked asse, whiche labored for the liuing so long as it coulde +for age, then suche an idle Englisshe manne. If the honestye and profite +of honeste labour and exercise, conseruation of healthe, preseruation +from sickenesse, maintenaunce of lyfe, aduauncement, safety from +shamefull deathes, defence from beggerye, dyspleasures by idlenesse, +<span class = "pagenum">28</span> +shamefulle diseases by the same, hatefulle vices, and punishemente of +the immortalle soule, canne not moue vs to reasonable laboure and +excercise, and to be profitable membres of the commune welthe, let at +the least shame moue vs, seyng that +<span class = "pagenum orig">(30)</span> +other country menne, of nought, by their owne witte, diligence, labour +and actiuitie, can picke oute of a cast bone, a wrethen strawe, +a lyghte fether, or an hard stone, an honeste lyuinge: Nor ye shal +euer heare theym say, alas master, I haue nõ occupaciõ, I must +either begge or steale. For they can finde other meanes betwene these +two. And forsomuche as in the case that nowe is, miserable persons are +to be relieued in a cõmon welth, I would wisshe for not fauouring +the idle, the discretion of <i>Marc. Cicero</i> the romaine were vsed in +healping them: Who wolde compassion should be shewed vpon them, whome +necessitie compelled to do or make a faute: & no cõpassion vpon +them, in whome a faulte made necessitie. A faulte maketh +necessitie, in this case of begging, in them, whyche might laboure and +serue, & wil not for idlenes: and therfore not to be pitied, but +rather to be punished. Necessitie maketh a fault in thẽ, whiche wold +labor and serue, but cãnot for age, ĩpotẽcy, or sickenes, and therfore +to be pitied & relieued. But to auoyde punishmente & to shew the +waye to amendmente, I would again wishe, y<sup>t</sup> forsomuch as +we be so euel disposed of our selfes to our own profites and comodities +with out help, this old law were renued, which forbiddeth the nedy & +impotent parentes, to be releued of those their welthi chyldren, that by +theym or theire meanes were not broughte vppe, eyther in good learning +and Science, or honeste occupation. For so is a man withoute science, as +a realme withoute a kyng. Thus muche of exercise, and for exercise. To +the which I wolde now ioyne honeste companye betwene man and woman, as a +parte of natural exercise, and healpe to y<sup>e</sup> emptieng & +lightning the bodye in other tymes allowed, in this sweating tyme for +helthes sake, & for feare of opening the bodye, and resoluing the +spirites, not approued, but for dout, that w<sup>t</sup> lengthing the +boke, I shold wery y<sup>e</sup> reader. Therfore I let +y<sup>t</sup> passe & come to sleping & waking, whiche without +<span class = "pagenum orig">(31)</span> +good ordre, be gretly hurtful to the bodie. For auoiding the +<span class = "pagenum">29</span> +whiche, I take the meane to be best, and against this sweat moste +commendable. But if by excesse a man must in eyther part offend, +I permit rather to watch to muche, then to lie in bedde to longe: +so that in watchinge, there be no way to surfetting. Al these thinges +duely obserued, and well executed, whiche before I haue for preseruation +mencioned, if more ouer we can sette a parte al affections, as fretting +cares & thoughtes, dolefull or sorowfull imaginations, vaine feares, +folysh loues, gnawing hates, and geue oure selues to lyue quietly, +frendlie, & merily one with an outher, as men were wont to do in the +old world, whẽ this countrie was called merye Englande, and euery man to +medle in his own matters, thinking theim sufficient, as thei do in +Italye, and auoyde malyce and dissencion, the destruction of commune +wealthes, and priuate houses: I doubte not but we shall preserue +oure selues, bothe from this sweatinge syckenesse, and other diseases +also not here purposed to be spoken of.</p> + +<p><span class = "sidenote"> +<i>The cure or remedy.</i></span> +But if in leauinge a parte these or some of them, or negligently +executing them, it chaunceth the disease of sweating to trouble our +bodies, then passinge the bondes and compasse of preseruation, we must +come to curation, the way to remedie the disease, & the third and +last parte (as I first sayed) to be entreated in this boke. The +principalle entente herof, is to let out the venime by sweate accordinge +to the course of nature. This is brought to passe safely two waies, by +suffring and seruing handsomly nature, if it thruste it oute readily and +kindely: and helping nature, if it be letted, or be weake in expellinge. +Serue nature we shall, if in what time so euer it taketh vs, or what so +euer estate, we streyghte lay vs downe vppon oure bedde, yf we be vp and +in oure clothes, not takyinge them of: or lie stille, if we be in bed +out +<span class = "pagenum orig">(32)</span> +of our clothes, laiyng on clothes both wayes, if we wante, reasonably, +and not loadinge vs therewith vnmeasurably. Thus layed and couered, we +must endeuoure our selues so to continue wyth al quietnes, & for so +much as may be without feare, distruste, or faintehartednesse, an euel +thinge in al diseases. For suche surrendre and geue ouer to the disease +without resistence. By whiche occasion manye more died in +<span class = "pagenum">30</span> +the fyrste pestilence at <i>Athenes</i>, that I spake of in the +beginnynge of thys boke, then other wyse should. Oure kepers, friendes +and louers, muste also endeuoure theym selues to be handesome and +dilygente aboute vs, to serue vs redilye at al turnes, and neuer to +leaue vs duringe foure and twentie houres, but to loke welle vnto vs, +that neyther we caste of oure clothes, nor thruste out hande or foote, +duryng the space of the saide foure and twenty houres. For albeit the +greate daungere be paste after twelue houres, or fourtene, the laste of +trial, yet many die aftre by to muche boldenes, when thei thinke theim +selues most in suretye, or negligence in attendaunce, when they thinke +no necessitie. Wherby it is proued that without dout, the handsome +diligence, or carelesse negligence, is the sauing, or casting awaye of +many. If ij. be taken in one bed, let theym so continue, althoughe it be +to their vnquietnesse. For feare wherof, & for the more quietnesse +& safetye, very good it is duryng all the sweating time, that two +persones lye not in one bed. If with this quietnes, diligẽce, and ordre, +the sicke do kindelye sweate, suffre them so to continue, without meate +all the xxiiij houres: withoute drincke, vntil the fifth houre, if it +maie be. Alwayes taking hede to theim in the fourth, seuenth, nineth, +& eleuenth houres speciallye, and fourteenth also, as the laste of +triall and daungier, but of lesse in bothe. For these be most perilous, +as I haue obserued this yere in this disease, hauing y<sup>e</sup> +houres iudicial, as others haue theire dayes, and therfore worse to geue +anye thinge in, for troublyng nature standyng in trialle. +<span class = "pagenum orig">(33)</span> +Yet wher more daunger is in forbearyng then in takyng, I counseill +not to spare in these howres to do as the case requireth with wisdome +& discretion, but lesse then in other howres. In the fifthe howre +geue theim to drinke clarified ale made only doulcet with a litle suger, +out of a cruet, or glasse made in cruet facion, with a nebbe, for feare +of raisynge theim selues to receiue the drinke offered, & so to let +the sweat, by the ayer strikyng in. But if the sicke on this wise +beforesaid canot sweate kyndly, then nature must be holpen, as I sayd +before. And for so moch as sweat is letted in this disease fower waies, +by disorder, wekenes of nature, closenes of the +<span class = "pagenum">31</span> +pores in the skinne, & grosnes of the humoures: my counseil is to +auoide disorder by suche meanes as hetherto I haue taught, and next to +open the pores if they be close, and make thinne the matter, if it be +grosse, and prouoke sweat, if nature be weke. Those you shal doe by +gentle rubbynges, this by warme drinckes as hereafter streight I will +declare. And for that euery man hath not the knowlege to discerne which +of these is the cause of let in sweatyng, I wil shewe you plainly +howe to do with moste suretie and leste offense. I wyll beginne +with wekenes of nature. Therefore remember well that in treatynge the +causes of this disease, I sayed that this sweate chauncethe cõmonly +in theim of the mydde age and beste luste, the infection hauyng a +certein concordance, or conuenience with the corrupte spirites of theim +more then others. Knowe agayne that nature is weke, ij. waies, either in +the selfe, or by the annoiance of an other. In the selfe, by wante of +strength consumed by sicknes or other wise. By annoiaunce of an other, +when nature is so ouerlaid with the quantitie of euill humours that it +can not stirre. Betwene thes two set youre witte, and se whether the +persõ be lustye +<span class = "pagenum orig">(34)</span> +or sickly. If he be lustye, vnderstande that the sweat doth not stoppe +for wekenes of nature in it selfe. Then of necessitie it must be for +some of thother causes. But for whiche, thus knowe. Consider whether the +lusty person were in foretyme geuen to moche drynkyng, eatyng and +rauenyng, to moch ease, to no exercise or bathinges in his helth, or no. +If all these you finde in him, knowe that bothe nature is wekened by the +annoiance of the humoures, and that the skinne is stopped, and the +humoure grosse, and that for thys the sweate is letted. If you finde +onely some of these, and that rauenynge, annoiance is the cause. If want +of exercise or bathinges, stoppinges of the pores and closenesse, or +grosenes of humours, or bothe, be the cause of not sweatying. On the +othersyde, if the persõ be sickely, it is easely knowẽ that his wekenes +consisteth in nature the self. And for so moche as weke folkes and sicke +shal also by other causes not sweate, consider if in his sickenes he +hath swette moche or no, or hath bẽ disposed to it and coulde not. If he +neither hath swette, nor coulde sweat +<span class = "pagenum">32</span> +disposed, knowe that closenes of the skinne, and grosenes of the humour +is the cause. Therfore euery thing in his kynde muste be remedied, +Wekenes of nature, by drinkes prouokyng sweate: closenes, & +grosenes, by rubbynge, as I said. But be ware neither to rubbe or geue +drinkes, excepte you see cause as beforesayd. For other wise, the one +hindrethe nature, and thother letteth out the spirites & wasteth +y<sup>e</sup> strength. Therefore accordyngly, if rubbe you must, geue +to the sicke in to their beddes a newe and somewhat harde kerchefe, well +warmed but not hote, and bydde theim rubbe all their bodies ouer +therewith vnder the clothes, neither to moche neither to litle, nor to +harde or to softe, but meanely betwene, takyng you hede whiche be aboute +them, that by stirrynge their armes they raise not the clothes to let in +the ayer. This done, if case so require, geue thẽ a good draught of hote +possette ale +<span class = "pagenum orig">(35)</span> +made of swiete milke turned with vinegre, in a quarte wherof percely, +and sage, of eche haulfe one litle handfull hath been sodden, wyth iii. +sliftes of rosemary, ii. fenel rootes cutte, and a fewe hole maces. +Alwaies remembrynge here, as in other places of this boke, to heate the +herbes in a peuter dishe before the fyre, or washe theim in hote water, +before you putte them in to the posset ale, and that you putte their to +no colde herbes at any tyme durynge the hole fitte. Or geue theim posset +ale hote with rosemary, dittane, & germander. Or baie beries, anise +seades, & calamintes with claret wine sodden and dronke warme. Or +white wine with hore and wilde tansy growen in medes sodden therin, and +ii. d. weight of good triacle, dronke hote, or in y<sup>e</sup> +stede of that, wilde tanesy, mogwort or feuerfue. These prouoke sweat, +may easely be hadde, & be metest for thẽ which haue al y<sup>e</sup> +causes beforesayde of lettyng thesame. But specially if for colde and +grose humoures, or for closenes of the skinne, the sweate commethe not +furthe. If with one draught they sweate not, geue theim one other, or +ij. successiuely, after halfe one houre betwene, and encrease the +clothes, first a litle aboue the meane, after, more or lesse as the +cause requireth, & make a litle fire in the chamber of clene woode, +as ashe & oke, with the perfume of bdellium: or swiet woode, as +Juniper, fyrre, or pine, by theimselues: remembrynge +<span class = "pagenum">33</span> +to withdrawe the fire, when they sweat fully, and the clothes aboue the +meane, by litle and litle as you laide theim on, when they firste +complaine of faintyng. And after xii. or xiiii. houres, some also of the +meane, but one after an other by halfe one houre successiuely with +discrecion, alwaies not lokyng so moche to the quantitie of the sweat, +as what the sicke may saufely beare. And in suche case of faintynge, +suffer competent open aier to come into the chamber, if the same and the +wether be hote, for smoderynge the pacient, by +<span class = "pagenum orig">(36)</span> +suche windowes as the wynde liethe not in, nor openeth to the south. Put +to their noses to smell vinegre and rose water in an handkercher, not +touchynge theim there with so nighe as maye be. Cause theim to lie on +their right side, and bowe theim selues forward, call theim by their +names, and beate theim with a rosemary braunche, or some other swete +like thynge. In the stede of posset ale, they whiche be troubled with +gowtes, dropsies, reumes, or suche other moiste euill diseases, +chauncing to sweat, may drinke a good draught of the stronger drinke of +<i>Guaiacum</i> so hote as they can, for the lyke effecte, as also +others may, not hauynge these deseases, if it be so redy to theim as the +other. After they ones sweat fully, myne aduise is not to geue any more +posset ale, but clarified ale with suger, duryng the hole fitte, neither +vnreasonably, nor so ofte as they call for it, neither yet pinchyng +theym to moche when they haue nede, alwayes takynge hede not to putte +any colde thynge in their mouthe to cole and moiste them with, nor any +colde water, rose water, or colde vinegre to their face duryng the sweat +and one daie after at the leaste, but alwaies vse warmeth accordynge to +nature, neuer contrariyng thesame so nighe as may be. If they raue or be +phrenetike, putte to their nose thesame odour of rose water & +vinegre, to lette the vapoures from the headde. If they slepe, vse theim +as in the case of faintyng I said, with betyng theim and callynge theim, +pullyng theim by the eares, nose, or here, suffering them in no wise to +slepe vntil suche tyme as they haue no luste to slepe, except to a +learned mã in phisicke the case appere to beare the contrary. For +otherwise the venime in slepe continually runneth inward to +y<sup>e</sup> hart. +<span class = "pagenum">34</span> +The contrary hereof we muste alwaies intende, in prouokyng it outwarde +by all meanes duryng the fitte, whyche so longe lasteth in burnynge and +sweatyng, as the matter thereof hath any fyrie or apte partes therfore. +For as great & strong wine, +<span class = "pagenum orig">(37)</span> +ale, or bere, so longe do burne as there is matter in theim apte to be +burned, and then cesse when that whiche remainethe is come againe to hys +firste nature: that is, to suche water clere & vnsauery, as either +the bruer receiued of the riuer, or vine of the earth: euen so the body +so longe continuethe burnynge and sweatynge, as their is matter apte +therefore in the spirites, and then leaueth, when the corrupcion taken +of the finest of the euill blode is consumed, and the spirites lefte +pure and cleane as they were before the tyme of their corruption.</p> + +<p>This done, and the body by sufficient sweate discharged of the +venime, the persone is saulfe. But if he by vnrulines & brekyng his +sweate, sweateth not sufficiently, thẽ he is in daunger of death by +y<sup>t</sup> venime that doth remaine, or at the leaste to sweat ones +againe or oftener, as many hath done, fallynge in thrise, sixe tymes, +yea, xii. tymes some. If sufficiently the sweate be come, you shal know +by the lightnes & cherefulnes of the body, & lanckenes in all +partes, by the continuall sweatyng the hole daie and out of all partes, +whyche be the beste and holsome sweates. The other which come but by +tymes and onely in certein partes, or broken, be not sufficient nor +good, but very euill, of whose insufficiency, ij. notes learne: +a swellyng in y<sup>e</sup> partes with a blackenes, & a +tinglyng or prickyng in the same. Suche I aduise to appointe theim +selues to sweat againe to ridde their bodies of that remaineth, & +abide it out vntill they fele their bodies lanke & light, and to +moue the sweat as before I said, if thesame come not kyndly by the +selfe. If they canot forbeare meate during y<sup>e</sup> space of their +fitte, and faste out their xxiiij. houres, without danger, geue theim a +litle of an alebrie onely, or of a thinne caudel of an egge sodden with +one hole mace or ij. If they be forced by nature to ease them selues in +the meane time, let them do it rather in warme shetes put into them +<span class = "pagenum orig">(38)</span> +closely, then to arise. After they haue thus fully swette, conuey +closely warme clothes into theyre beddes, and bid +<span class = "pagenum">35</span> +them wipe themselues there with in al partes curiouslye: and be ware +that no ayer entre into theire open bodies (and speciallye their arme +holes, the openest & rarest parte therof) to let the issue of that +whych doeth remaine. The lyke may be done in the reste of their fitte, +with lyke warenes, for that clenlinesse comfortethe nature, and +relieueth the pacient. If in duringe oute the foure and twentye houres +there be thought daungiere of death without remouing, rather warme well +the other side of the bedde, and wil hym to remoue himself into it, thẽ +to take him vp & remoue hym to an other bed, which in no case mai be +done. For better is a doubtful ware hope, then a certeine auentured +death. The foure and twenty houres passed duly, they may putte on theire +clothes warme, aryse, and refresshe theym selues with a cawdle of an +egge swietelye made, or such other meates and sauces reasonably and +smally taken, as before I mencioned. And if their strength be sore +wasted, let theym smelle to an old swiet apple (as Aristotle did by +his reporte in the boke <i>de pomo</i>) or hotte new bread, as +<i>Democritus</i> did, by the record of <i>Laertius</i> in his life, +either by it self alone, or dipped in wel smelling wyne, as Maluesey or +Muscadelle, & sprinckled with the pouder of mintes. Orenges also and +Lemones, or suche muske balles as I before described, be thinges mete +for this purpose. For as I saied in my ij. litle bokes in Latine <i>de +medendi methodo</i>, of deuise to cure diseases, there is no thinge more +comfortable to the spirites then good and swiet odoures. On this wise +aduised how to order your selues in al the time of the fitte, now this +remaineth, to exhorte you not to go out of your houses for iij. dayes, +or ij. at the least after the fitte passed, and then wiselye, warely, +and not except in a faire +<span class = "pagenum orig">(39)</span> +bright daye, for feare of swouning after great emptinesse, and vnwont +ayer, or for forcyng nature by soubdaine strikyng in of thesame aier, +colde, or euil, in to the open body. For nature so forced, maketh often +tymes a sore and soubdaine fluxe, as wel after auoidaunce of these +humores by sweate, (as was this yere well sene in many persones in +diuerse contries of Englande for none other cause) as of others by +purgation.</p> + +<span class = "pagenum">36</span> +<p>Thus I haue declared the begynning, name, nature, accidentes, signes, +causes, preseruations, and cures naturall of this disease the sweatynge +sickenes, English <i>Ephemera</i>, or pestilent sweate, so shortly & +plainly as I could for y<sup>e</sup> cõmune saufty of my good +countrimen, help, relieue, & defence of thesame against +y<sup>e</sup> soubdaine assaultes of the disease, & to satisfie the +honeste requeste of my louynge frendes and gentle acquaintance. If other +causes ther be supernatural, theim I leue to the diuines to serche, and +the diseases thereof to cure, as a matter with out the compasse of my +facultie.</p> + +</div> +<!-- end div maintext --> + + +<p class = "imprint">IMPRINTED<br> +<i>at London, by Richard<br> +Grafton Printer<br> +to the Kynges<br> +majestie<br> +Anno. Do. 1552<br> +Cum privilegio ad impri-<br> +mendum solum</i></p> + + +<div class = "endnote"> +<h5><a name = "endnote" id = "endnote">Spelling and Typography</a></h5> + +<p>The name is consistently spelled “Jhon”.</p> + +<p>The letters <b>u</b> and <b>v</b> are shown as printed, including the +occasional initial <b>u</b> or non-initial <b>v</b>. The capital +<b>U</b> form is used consistently; conversely, the <b>v</b> form is +used in all numbers.</p> + +<p>Random spacing of “the same” : “thesame” is unchanged.</p> + +</div> + + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Sweating Sickness, by John Caius + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE SWEATING SICKNESS *** + +***** This file should be named 33503-h.htm or 33503-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/3/3/5/0/33503/ + +Produced by Louise Hope + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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