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You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes and Queries, Number 192, July 2, 1853 + A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, + Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc + +Author: Various + +Other: George Bell + +Release Date: April 2, 2009 [EBook #28474] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES *** + + + + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Library of Early +Journals.) + + + + + + +</pre> + +<table border="0" cellpadding="10" style="background-color: #ccccff;"> +<tr> +<td style="width:25%; vertical-align:top"> +Transcriber's note: +</td> +<td> +A few typographical errors have been corrected. They +appear in the text <span class="correction" title="explanation will pop up">like this</span>, and the +explanation will appear when the mouse pointer is moved over the marked +passage. +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p><!-- Page 1 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page1"></a>{1}</span></p> + +<h1>NOTES AND QUERIES:</h1> + +<h2>A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, +GENEALOGISTS, ETC.</h2> + +<h3><b>"When found, make a note of."</b>—<span class="sc">Captain Cuttle</span>.</h3> + +<hr class="full" /> + + +<table width="100%" class="nomar" summary="masthead" title="masthead"> + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left; width:25%"> + <p><b>No. 192.</b></p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:center; width:50%"> + <p><b><span class="sc">Saturday, July 2. 1853.</span></b></p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right; width:25%"> + <p><b>Price Fourpence<br />Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></p> + </td> + </tr> +</table> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>CONTENTS.</h2> + + +<table width="100%" class="nomar" summary="Contents" title="Contents"> + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left; width:94%"> + <p><span class="sc">Notes</span>:—</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right; width:5%"> + <p>Page</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Oblation of a white Bull</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page1">1</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Newstead Abbey, by W. S. Hasleden</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page2">2</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>On a celebrated Passage in "Romeo and Juliet," Act III. Sc. 2., by + S. W. Singer</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page3">3</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>On the Passage from "King Lear"</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page4">4</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Manners of the Irish, by H. T. Ellacombe, &c.</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page4">4</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Minor Notes</span>:—Burial in an Erect + Posture—The Archbishop of Armagh's Cure for the Gout, + 1571—The last known Survivor of General Wolfe's Army in + Canada—National Methods of applauding—Curious Posthumous + Occurrence</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page5">5</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Queries</span>:—</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Did Captain Cook first discover the Sandwich Islands? by J. S. + Warden</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page6">6</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Superstition of the Cornish Miners</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page7">7</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Minor Queries</span>:—Clerical + Duel—Pistol—Council of Laodicea, Canon + 35.—Pennycomequick, adjoining Plymouth—Park the + Antiquary—Honorary D.C.L.'s—Battle of Villers en + Couché—Dr. Misaubin—Kemble, Willet, and + Forbes—Piccalyly—Post-Office about 1770—"Carefully + examined and well-authenticated"—Sir Heister + Ryley—Effigies with folded Hands</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page7">7</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Minor Queries with Answers</span>:—Passage + in Bishop Horsley—"Marry come up!"—Dover + Court—Porter—Dr. Whitaker's ingenious + Earl—Dissimulate</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page9">9</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Replies</span>:—</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Bishop Ken, by the Rev. J. H. Markland</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page10">10</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Bohn's Edition of Hoveden, by James Graves</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page11">11</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Coleridge's Christabel, by J. S. Warden</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page11">11</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Its</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page12">12</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Family of Milton's Widow, by T. Hughes</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page12">12</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Books of Emblems—Jacob Behmen, by C. Mansfield Ingleby</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page13">13</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Raffaelle's Sposalizio</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page14">14</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Windfall</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page14">14</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Mr. Justice Newton, by the Rev. H. T. Ellacombe and F. Kyffin + Lenthall</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page15">15</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Photographic Correspondence</span>:—Mr. + Lyte's Treatment of Positives—Stereoscopic Angles—Query + respecting Mr. Pollock's Process—Gallo-nitrate of Silver</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page15">15</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Replies to Minor Queries</span>:—Verney + Note decyphered—Emblems by John Bunyan—Mr. Cobb's + Diary—"Sat cito si sat bene"—Mythe versus Myth—The + Gilbert Family—Alexander Clark—Christ's Cross—The + Rebellious Prayer—"To the Lords of Convention"—Wooden + Tombs and Effigies—Lord Clarendon and the + Tubwoman—House-marks—"Amentium haud amantium"—The + Megatherium in the British Museum—Pictorial + Proverbs—"Hurrah," and other War-cries</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page17">17</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Miscellaneous</span>:—</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Notes on Books, &c.</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page20">20</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Books and Odd Volumes wanted</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page21">21</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Notices to Correspondents</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page21">21</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> + <p>Advertisements</p> + </td> + <td class="nspcsingle" style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page21">21</a></p> + </td> + </tr> +</table> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Notes.</h2> + +<h3>OBLATION OF A WHITE BULL.</h3> + + <p>By lease dated 28th April, 1533, the Abbat of St. Edmund's Bury + demised to John Wright, glazier, and John Anable, pewterer, of Bury, the + manor of Haberdon appurtenant to the office of Sacrist in that monastery, + with four acres in the Vynefeld, for twenty years, at the rent of + 5<i>l.</i> 4<i>s.</i> to the Sacrist; the tenants also to find a white + bull every year of their term, as often as it should happen that any + gentlewoman, or any other woman, should, out of devotion, visit the + shrine of the glorious king and martyr of St. Edmund, and wish to make + the oblation of a white bull. (Dodsw. Coll. in <i>Bibl. Bodl.</i>, vol. + lxxi. f. 72.)</p> + + <p>If we are to understand a white bull of the ancient race of wild white + cattle, it may be inferred, I suppose, that in some forest in the + vicinity of Bury St. Edmund's they had not disappeared in the first half + of the sixteenth century. The wild cattle, probably indigenous to the + great Caledonian forest, seem to have become extinct in a wild state + before the time of Leland, excepting where preserved in certain ancient + parks, as Chillingham Park, Northumberland, Gisburne Park in Craven, + &c., where they were, and in the former at all events still are, + maintained in their original purity of breed. They were preserved on the + lands of some abbeys; for instance, by the Abbats of Whalley, + Lancashire.</p> + + <p>Whitaker (<i>History of Craven</i>, p. 34.) mentions Gisburne Park as + chiefly remarkable for a herd of wild cattle, descendants of that + indigenous race which once roamed in the great forests of Lancashire, and + they are said by some other writer to have been originally brought to + Gisburne from Whalley after the dissolution. One of the descendants of + Robert de Brus, the founder of Gainsborough Priory, is stated by Matthew + Paris to have conciliated King John with a present of white cattle. The + woods of Chillingham Castle are celebrated at this day for the breed of + this remarkable race, by which they are inhabited; and I believe there + are three or four other places in which they are preserved.</p> + + <p>In the form and direction of the horns, these famous wild white oxen + seem to be living <!-- Page 2 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page2"></a>{2}</span>representatives of the race whose bones are + found in a fossil state in England and some parts of the Continent in the + "diluvium" bone-caves, mixed with the bones of bears, hyenas, and other + wild animals, now the cotemporaries of the Bos Gour, or Asiatic Ox, upon + mountainous slopes of Western India. I have read that white cattle + resembling the wild cattle of Chillingham exist in Italy, and that it has + been doubted whether our British wild cattle are descendants of an + aboriginal race, or were imported by ecclesiastics from Italy. But this + seems unlikely, because they were not so easily brought over as the + Pope's <i>bulls</i> (the pun is quite unavoidable), and were undoubtedly + inhabitants of our ancient forests at a very early period.</p> + + <p>However, my present object is only to inquire for any other instances + of the custom of offering a white bull in honour of a Christian saint. + Perhaps some of your correspondents would elucidate this singular + oblation.</p> + + <p>I am not able to refer to Col. Hamilton Smith's work on the mythology + and ancient history of the ox, which may possibly notice this kind of + offering.</p> + + <p class="author">W. S. G.</p> + + <p class="address">Newcastle-upon-Tyne.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>NEWSTEAD ABBEY.</h3> + + <p>The descent of property, like the family pedigree, occasionally + exhibits the most extraordinary disruptions; and to those who may be + ignorant of the cause, the effect may appear as romance. I have been + particularly struck with the two interesting papers contained in the + April number of the <i>Archæological Journal</i>, having reference to the + Newstead Abbey estate, formerly the property of Lord Byron's family, + which, amongst other matters, contain some severe remarks on the conduct + of one of its proprietors, the great uncle and predecessor of our great + poet, and having reference to dilapidation. Mr. Pettigrew, in his paper, + states that—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Family differences, particularly during the time of the fifth Lord + Byron, <i>of eccentric and unsocial manners</i>, suffered and even aided + the dilapidations of time. The castellated stables and offices are, + however, yet to be seen."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>And Mr. Ashpitel adds that—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"The state of Newstead at the time the poet succeeded to the estate is + not generally known: '<i>the wicked lord</i>' had felled all the noble + oaks, destroyed the finest herds of deer, and, in short, had denuded the + estate of everything he could. The hirelings of the attorney did the + rest: they stripped away all the furniture, and everything the law would + permit them to remove. The buildings on the east side were unroofed; the + old Xenodochium, and the grand refectory, were full of hay; and the + entrance-hall and monks' parlour were stable for cattle. In the only + habitable part of the building, a place then used as a sort of scullery, + under the only roof that kept out wet of all this vast pile, the fifth + Lord Byron breathed his last; and to this inheritance the poet + succeeded."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>It is not necessary for me to refer to the lofty expression of the + poet's feelings on such his inheritance, nor to the necessity of his + parting from the estate, which appears now to be happily restored to its + former splendour; but possessing some knowledge of a lamentable fact, + that neither Mr. Pettigrew nor Mr. Ashpitel appears to be aware of, I + feel inclined to soften the asperity of the reflections quoted; and + palliate, although I may not justify, the apparently reckless proceedings + of the eccentric fifth Lord, as he is called. In the years 1796 and 1797, + after finishing my clerkship, I had a seat in the chambers of the late + Jas. Hanson, Esq., an eminent conveyancer of Lincoln's Inn; and while + with him, amongst other peers of the realm who came to consult Mr. Hanson + regarding their property, we had this <i>eccentric</i> fifth Lord Byron, + who apparently came up to town for the purpose, and under the most + painful and pitiable load of distress,—and I must confess that I + felt for him exceedingly; but his case was past remedy, and, after some + daily attendance, pouring forth his lamentations, he appears to have + returned home to subside into the reckless operations reported of him. + His case was this:—Upon the marriage of his son, he, as any other + father would do, granted a settlement of his property, including the + Newstead Abbey estate; but by some unaccountable inadvertence or + negligence of the lawyers employed, the ultimate reversion of the + fee-simple of the property, instead of being left, as it ought to have + been, in the father as the owner of the estates, was limited to the heirs + of the son. And upon his death, and failure of the issue of the marriage, + the unfortunate father, <i>this eccentric lord</i>, found himself robbed + of the fee-simple of his own inheritance, and left merely the naked + tenant for life, without any legal power of raising money upon it, or + even of cutting down a tree. It is so many years ago, that I now do not + remember the detail of what passed on these consultations, but it would + appear, that if the lawyers were aware of the effect of the final + limitation, neither father nor son appear to have been informed of it, or + the result might have been corrected, and his lordship would probably + have kept up the estate in its proper order. Whether this case was at all + a promoting cause of the alteration of the law, I do not know; but, as + the law now stands, the estate would revert back to the father as heir of + this son. This case made a lasting impression on me, and I once had to + correct a similar erroneous proposition in a large intended settlement; + and I quoted this unfortunate accident as an authority. Now, although + this relation may not fully justify the reckless waste that appears to + have been committed, it certainly is a palliative. I do not recollect + whether <!-- Page 3 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page3"></a>{3}</span>our fifth lord had any surviving daughter to + provide for; but if he had, his situation would be a still more + aggravated position.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">W. S. Hasleden</span>.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>ON A CELEBRATED PASSAGE IN "ROMEO AND JULIET," ACT III. SC. 2.</h3> + + <p>Few passages in Shakspeare have so often and so ineffectually been + "winnowed" as the opening of the beautiful and passionate soliloquy of + Juliet, when ardently and impatiently invoking night's return, which was + to bring her newly betrothed lover to her arms. It stands thus in the + first folio, from which the best quarto differs only in a few unimportant + points of orthography:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Gallop apace, you fiery footed steedes,</p> + <p>Towards Phœbus' lodging, such a wagoner</p> + <p>As Phaeton should whip you to the wish,</p> + <p>And bring in cloudie night immediately.</p> + <p>Spred thy close curtaine, Loue-performing night,</p> + <p>That run-awayes eyes may wincke, and Romeo</p> + <p>Leape to these armes, untalkt of and unseene", &c.</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>The older commentators do not attempt to change the word + <i>run-awayes</i>, but seek to explain it. Warburton says Phœbus is + the runaway. Steevens has a long argument to prove that Night is the + runaway. Douce thought Juliet herself was the runaway; and at a later + period the Rev. Mr. Halpin, in a very elegant and ingenious essay, + attempts to prove that by the runaway we must understand Cupid.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Mr. Knight</span> and <span class="sc">Mr. + Collier</span> have both of them adopted Jackson's conjecture of + <i>unawares</i>, and have admitted it to the honour of a place in the + text, but <span class="sc">Mr. Dyce</span> has pronounced it to be + "villainous;" and it must be confessed that it has nothing but a slight + similarity to the old word to recommend it. <span class="sc">Mr. + Dyce</span> himself has favoured us with three suggestions; the first two + in his <i>Remarks on Collier and Knight's Shakspeare</i>, in 1844, where + he says—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"That <i>ways</i> (the last syllable of <i>run-aways</i>) ought to be + <i>days</i>, I feel next to certain; but what word originally preceded it + I do not pretend to determine:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg1">'Spread thy close curtain, love-performing Night!</p> + <p>That rude/soon (?) Day's eyes may wink, and Romeo</p> + <p>Leap to these arms, untalk'd of and unseen,' &c."</p> + </div> + </div> + +</blockquote> + + <p>The correctors of <span class="sc">Mr. Collier</span>'s folio having + substituted—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"That <i>enemies</i> eyes may wink,"</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p><span class="sc">Mr. Dyce</span>, in his recent <i>Few Notes</i>, + properly rejects that reading, and submits another conjecture of his own, + founded on the supposition that the word <i>roving</i> having been + written illegibly, <i>roavinge</i> was mistaken for <i>run-awayes</i>, + and proposes to read—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"That <i>roving</i> eyes may wink."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>Every suggestion of <span class="sc">Mr. Dyce</span>, certainly the + most competent of living commentators on Shakspeare, merits attention; + but I cannot say that I think he has succeeded in either of his proposed + readings.</p> + + <p>Monck Mason seems to have had the clearest notion of the requirements + of the passage. He saw that "the word, whatever the meaning of it might + be, was intended as a proper name;" but he was not happy in suggesting + <i>renomy</i>, a French word with an English termination.</p> + + <p>In the course of his note he mentions that Heath, "the author of the + <i>Revisal</i>, reads '<i>Rumour's</i> eyes may wink;' which agrees in + sense with the rest of the passage, but differs widely from + <i>run-aways</i> in the trace of the letters."</p> + + <p>I was not conscious of having seen this suggestion of Heath's, when, + in consequence of a question put to me by a gentleman of distinguished + taste and learning, I turned my thoughts to the passage, and at length + came to the conclusion that the word must have been <i>rumourers</i>, and + that from its unfrequent occurrence (the only other example of it at + present known to me being one afforded by the poet) the printer mistook + it for <i>runawayes</i>; which, when written indistinctly, it may have + strongly resembled. I therefore think that we may read with some + confidence:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Spread thy close curtains, love-performing Night,</p> + <p>That <i>rumourers'</i> eyes may wink, and Romeo</p> + <p>Leap to these arms, <i>untalk'd of</i> and <i>unseen</i>."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>It fulfils the requirements of both metre and sense, and the words + <i>untalk'd of</i> and <i>unseen</i> make it nearly indisputable. I had + at first thought it might be "<i>rumorous</i> eyes;" but the + personification would then be wanting. Shakspeare has personified + <i>Rumour</i> in the Introduction to the Second Part of <i>King Henry + IV.</i>; and in <i>Coriolanus</i>, Act IV. Sc. 6., we have—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Go see this <i>rumourer</i> whipp'd."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>I am gratified by seeing that I have anticipated your able + correspondent, the <span class="sc">Rev. Mr. Arrowsmith</span>, in his + elucidation of "<i>clamour</i> your tongues," by citing the same passage + from Udall's <i>Apophthegmes</i>, in my <i>Vindication of the Text of + Shakspeare</i>, p. 79. It is a pleasure which must console me for having + subjected myself to his just animadversion on another occasion. If those + who so egregiously blunder are to be spared the castigation justly + merited, we see by late occurrences to what it may lead; and your + correspondent, in my judgment, is conferring a favour on all true lovers + of our great poet by exposing pretension and error, from whatever quarter + it may come,—a duty which has been sadly neglected in some late + partial reviews of <span class="sc">Mr. Collier</span>'s "clever" + corrector. <span class="sc">Mr. Arrowsmith</span>'s communications have + been so truly <i>ad rem</i>, that I think I shall be expressing the + sentiments of all your readers interested in such <!-- Page 4 --><span + class="pagenum"><a name="page4"></a>{4}</span>matters, in expressing an + earnest desire for their continuance.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">S. W. Singer.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Mickleham.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>ON THE PASSAGE FROM "KING LEAR."</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. vii., p. 592.)</p> + + <p>Will you allow me to suggest to your ingenious Leeds correspondent + (whose communications would be read with only the more pleasure if they + evinced a little more respect for the opinions of others) that before he + asserts the existence of a certain error which he points out in a passage + in <i>King Lear</i> to be "undeniable," it would be desirable that he + should support this improved reading by other passages from Shakspeare, + or from cotemporary writers, in which the word he proposes occurs? For my + own part, I think A. E. B.'s suggestion well worthy of consideration, but + I cannot admit that it "demonstrates itself," or "that any attempt to + support it by argument would be absurd," for it would unquestionably + strengthen his case to show that the verb "recuse" was not entirely + obsolete in Shakspeare's time. Neither can I admit that there is an + "obvious opposition between <i>means</i> and <i>defects</i>," the two + words having no relation to each other. The question is, which of two + words must be altered; and at present I must own I am inclined to put + more faith in the authority of "the old corrector" than in A. E. B.</p> + + <p>Having taken up my pen on this subject, allow me to remark upon the + manner in which <span class="sc">Mr. Collier</span>'s folio is referred + to by your correspondent. I have carefully considered many of the + emendations proposed, and feel in my own mind satisfied that <i>so great + a number</i> that, in the words of your correspondent, <i>demonstrate + themselves</i>, could not have been otherwise than adopted from some + authority. Even in the instance of the passage from Henry V., "on a table + of green friese," which A. E. B. selects, I presume, as being especially + absurd, I think "the old corrector" right; although I had frequently + cited Theobald's correction as particularly happy, and therefore the new + version was at first to me very distasteful. But, whatever opinion may be + held as to the value of the book, it is surely unbecoming to the + discussion of a literary question to indulge in the unsparing + insinuations that have been thrown out on all sides respecting it. I + leave out of question the circumstance, that the long and great services + of <span class="sc">Mr. Collier</span> ought to protect him at least from + such unworthy treatment.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Samuel Hickson.</span></p> + + <p>P.S.—Since writing the above, I have seen <span class="sc">Mr. + Keightley</span>'s letter. I hope he will not deprive the readers of "N. + & Q." of the benefit of his valuable communications for the offences + of one or two. He might consider, first, that his own dignity would + suffer least by letting them pass by him "as the idle wind;" and, + secondly, that some allowance should be made for gentlemen who engage in + controversy on a subject which, strangely enough, next to religion, seems + to be most productive of discord.</p> + + <p class="author">S. H.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"I have no way, and therefore want no eyes;</p> + <p>I stumbled when I saw. Full oft 'tis seen</p> + <p>Our means <i>secure</i> us; and our mere defects</p> + <p>Prove our commodities."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>Does not Shakspeare here use <i>secure</i> as a verb, in the sense "to + make careless?" If so, the passage would mean, "Our means," that is, our + power, our strength, make us wanting in care and vigilance, and too + self-confident. Gloucester says, "I stumbled when I saw;" meaning, When I + had eyes I walked carelessly; when I had the "means" of seeing and + avoiding stumbling-blocks, I stumbled and fell, because I walked without + care and watchfulness. Then he adds, "And our mere defects prove our + commodities." Our deficiencies, our weaknesses (the sense of them), make + us use such care and exertions as to prove advantages to us. Thus the + antithesis is preserved.</p> + + <p>How scriptural is the first part of the passage!</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Let him that thinketh he standeth take heed lest he fall."—1 + Cor. x. 12.</p> + + <p>"He hath said in his heart, Tush, I shall never be cast down; there + shall no harm happen unto me."—Ps. x. 6.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>The second part is also scriptural:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"My strength is made perfect in weakness."—2 Cor. xii. 9.</p> + + <p>"When I am weak then am I strong."—2 Cor. xii. 10.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>In <i>Timon of Athens</i> we find <i>secure</i> used as verb + "<i>Secure</i> thy heart."—Act II. Sc. 2.</p> + + <p>Again, in <i>Othello</i>:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"I do not so <i>secure</i> me in the error."—Act I. Sc. 3.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>In Du Cange's <i>Gloss.</i> is the verb "<i>Securare</i> nudè pro + securum reddere." In the "Alter Index sive Glossarium" of Ainsworth's + <i>Dictionary</i> is the verb "<i>Securo</i>, as ... to live carelessly." + In the "Verba partim Græca Latinè scripta, partim barbara," &c., is + "<i>Securo</i>, as securum reddo."</p> + + <p>The <i>means</i> of the hare in the fable for the race (that is, her + swiftness) <i>secured</i> her; the defects of the tortoise (her slowness) + proved her <i>commodity</i>.</p> + + <p class="author">F. W. J.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>MANNERS OF THE IRISH.</h3> + + <p>The following are extracts from a MS. volume of the sixteenth century, + containing, <i>inter alia</i>, notes of the Manners and Superstitions of + the <!-- Page 5 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page5"></a>{5}</span>Celtic Irish. Some of our readers may be able + to elucidate the obscure references:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"The Irish men they have a farme,</p> + <p>They kepp the bread,</p> + <p class="i1">And make <i>boyranne</i>.</p> + <p>They make butter and eatt <i>molchan</i>.</p> + <p>And when they haue donne</p> + <p class="i1">They have noe shamm.</p> + <p>They burne the strawe and make <i>loisbran</i>.</p> + <p>They eatt the flesh and drinke the broth,</p> + <p>And when they have done they say</p> + <p><i>Deo gracias is smar in Doieagh</i>."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>The next appears to be a scrap of a woman's song:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Birch and keyre 'tis wal veyre a spyunyng deye a towme.</p> + <p>I am the geyest mayed of all that brought the somer houme.</p> + <p>Justice Deyruse in my lopp, and senscal in my roame," &c.</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>John Devereux was Justiciary of the Palatinate Liberty of Wexford in + the early part of Henry VIII.'s reign. That Palatinate was then governed + by a seneschal or "senscal." The justice would seem to have been a + gallant and <i>sensual</i> man, and the song may have been a little + satirical. Among the notes of the "Manners" of the Irish, it is declared + that—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Sett them a farme—the grandfather, father, son, and they clayme + it as their own: if not, they goe to rebellion."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Will any antiquary versed in Celtic customs explain whether this claim + of possession grew out of any Celtic usage of tenancy? And also point out + authorities bearing upon the customs of Celtic agricultural tenancy?</p> + + <p>The next extract bears upon the communication at Vol. vii., p. + 332.:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"An <i>Ultagh</i> hath three purses. He runneth behind dore to draw + his money: one cutteth the throte of another."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Now, was an <i>Ultagh</i> an Irish usurer or money-lender? Your + correspondent at page 332. requests information respecting Roger Outlaw. + Sir William Betham, in a note to the "Proceedings against Dame Alice + Ugteler," the famous pseudo-Kilkenny witch, remarks that "the family of + Utlagh were seated in Dublin, and filled several situations in the + corporation." Utlagh and Outlaw are the same surnames. The named Utlagh + also occurs in the Calendar of Printed Irish Patent Rolls. William + Utlagh, or Outlaw, was a <i>banker</i> and <i>money-lender</i> in + Kilkenny, in the days of Edward I. He was the first husband of the witch, + and brother of Friar Roger Outlaw. In favour of the latter, who was Prior + of Kilmainham, near Dublin, a mandamus, dated 10 Edw. II., was issued for + arrears due to him since he was "justice and chancellor, and even + lieutenant of the justiciary, as well in the late king's time as of the + present king's." He was appointed Lord Justice, or deputy to the Lord + Lieutenant, by patent dated Mar. 15, 9 Edw. III.</p> + + <p>Many of the Irish records having been lost, your correspondent will do + an obliging service in pointing out the repository of the discovered + roll. Perhaps steps might be taken for its restoration.</p> + + <p class="author">H.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[The following communication from our valued correspondent, the <span + class="sc">Rev. H. T. Ellacombe</span>, affords at once a satisfactory + reply to H's Query, and a proof of the utility of "N. & Q."]</p> + +</div> + + <p><i>Roger Outlawe</i> (Vol. vii., p. 559.).—Thanks to <span + class="sc">Anon.</span> and others for their information.</p> + + <p>As for "in viiij mense," I cannot understand it: I copied it as it was + sent to me. B. Etii was an error of the press for R. Etii, but I + purposely avoided noticing it, because my very first communication on the + subject to "N. & Q.," under my own name and address, opened a very + pleasing correspondence, which has since led to the restoration of these + Irish documents to their congeners among the public records in Dublin; a + gentleman having set out most chivalrously from that city at his own cost + to recover them, and I am happy to say he has succeeded; and in the + <i>English Quarterly Magazine</i> there will soon appear, I believe, an + account of the documents in question. It would not, therefore, become me + to give in this place the explanation which has been kindly communicated + to me as to the meaning of the last conquest of Ireland; but I have no + doubt it will be explained in the <i>English Quarterly</i>.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">H. T. Ellacombe</span>.</p> + + <p class="address">Rectory, Clyst St. George.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Minor Notes.</h2> + + <p><i>Burial in an erect Posture.</i>—In the north transept of + Stanton Harcourt Church, Oxon, the burial-place of the Harcourt family, + is a circular slab of blue marble in the pavement, in which is inlaid a + shield of brass bearing the arms of Harcourt,—two bars, dimidiated + with those of Beke; the latter, when entire, forming a cros ancrée. The + brass is not engraved, but forms the outline of the shield and arms. It + is supposed to be the monument of Sir John, son of Sir Richard Harcourt + and Margaret Beke, who died 1330. (See extracts from Lord Harcourt's + "Account," in the <i>Oxford Architectural Guide</i>, p. 178.) Tradition + relates, if my memory does not mislead me, that the knight was buried + beneath this stone in an erect posture, but assigns no reason for this + peculiarity. Is the probability of this being the case supported by any, + and what instances? Or does the legend merely owe its existence to the + circular form of the stone? <!-- Page 6 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page6"></a>{6}</span>I think that its diameter is about two feet. + If <span class="sc">Mr. Fraser</span> has not met with the information + already, he may be interested, with reference to his Query on + "Dimidiation" (Vol. vii., p. 548.), in learning that the above mentioned + Margaret was daughter and coheiress of John Lord Beke of Eresby, who by + his will, made the 29th of Edw. I., devised the remainder of his arms to + be divided between Sir Robert de Willoughby and Sir John de Harcourt. And + this may lead to the farther Query, whether dimidiation was originally or + universally resorted to in the case of coheiresses?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Cheverells.</span></p> + + <p><i>The Archbishop of Armagh's Cure for the Gout</i>, + 1571.—Extracted from a letter from Thomas Lancaster, Archbishop of + Armagh, to Lord Burghley, dated from Dublin, March 25, 1571:—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"I am sorofull for that yo<sup>r</sup> honor is greved w<sup>th</sup> + the goute, from the w<sup>ch</sup> I beseche Almighty God deliver you, + and send you health; and yf (it) shall please y<sup>r</sup> honor to + prove a medicen for the same w<sup>ch</sup> I brought owt of Duchland, + and have eased many w<sup>th</sup> it, I trust in God it shall also do + you good, and this it is. Take ij spaniel whelpes of ij dayes olde, scald + them, and cause the entrells betaken out, but wash them not. Take 4 + ounces brymstone, 4 ounces torpentyn, 1 ounce parmacete, a handfull + nettells, and a quantyte of oyle of balme, and putt all the aforesayd in + them stamped, and sowe them up and rost them, and take the dropes and + anoynt you wheare your grefe is, and by God's grace yo<sup>r</sup> honor + shall fynd helpe."—<i>From the Original in the State Paper + Office.</i></p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Spes.</span></p> + + <p><i>The last known Survivor of General Wolfe's Army in + Canada.</i>—In a recent number of the <i>Montreal Herald</i>, + mention is made of more than twenty persons whose ages exceed one hundred + years. The editor remarks that—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"The most venerable patriarch now in Canada is Abraham Miller, who + resides in the township of Grey, and is 115 years old. In 1758 he scaled + the cliffs of Quebec with General Wolfe, so that his residence in Canada + is coincident with British rule in the province. He is attached to the + Indians, and lives in all respects like them."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author">W. W.</p> + + <p class="address">Malta.</p> + + <p><i>National Methods of Applauding.</i>—Clapping with the hands + is going out of use in the United States, and stamping with the feet is + taking its place. When Mr. Combe was lecturing on phrenology at the + Museum building in Philadelphia twelve or thirteen years ago, he and his + auditors were much annoyed by the <i>pedal</i> applause of a company in + the room above, who were listening to the concerts of a negro band. + Complaint was made to the authorities of the Museum Society; but the + answer was, that nothing could be done, as stamping of the feet was "the + national method of applauding."</p> + + <p>The crying of "hear him! hear him!" during the delivery of a speech, + is not in use in the United States, as an English gentleman discovered + who settled here a few years ago. He attended a meeting of the members of + the church to which he had attached himself, and hearing something said + that pleased him, he cried out "hear him! hear him!" Upon which the + sexton came over to him, and told him that, unless he kept himself quiet, + he would be under the necessity of turning him out of church.</p> + + <p class="author">M. E.</p> + + <p class="address">Philadelphia.</p> + + <p><i>Curious Posthumous Occurrence.</i>—If the following be true, + though in ever so limited a manner, it deserves investigation. + Notwithstanding his twenty-three years' experience, the worthy + grave-digger must have been mistaken, unless there is something peculiar + in the bodies of Bath people! But if the face turns down in any instance, + as asserted, it would be right to ascertain the cause, and why this + change is not general. It is now above twenty years since the paragraph + appeared in the London papers:—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"A correspondent in the <i>Bath Herald</i> states the following + singular circumstance:—'Having occasion last week to inspect a + grave in one of the parishes of this city, in which two or three members + of a family had been buried some years since, and which lay in very wet + ground, I observed that the upper part of the coffin was rotted away, and + had left the head and bones of the skull exposed to view. On inquiring of + the grave-digger how it came to pass that I did not observe the usual + sockets of the eyes in the skull, he replied that what I saw was the hind + part of the head (termed the <i>occiput</i>, I believe, by anatomists), + and that the face was turned, as usual, to the earth!!—Not exactly + understanding his phrase 'as usual,' I inquired if the body had been + buried with the face upwards, as in the ordinary way; to which he replied + to my astonishment, in the affirmative, adding, that in the course of + decomposition the face of every individual turns to the earth!! and that, + in the experience of three-and-twenty years in his situation, he had + never known more than one instance to the contrary.'"</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author">A. B. C.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Queries.</h2> + +<h3>DID CAPTAIN COOK FIRST DISCOVER THE SANDWICH ISLANDS?</h3> + + <p>In a French atlas, dated 1762, in my possession, amongst the numerous + non-existing islands laid down in the map of the Pacific, and the still + more numerous cases of omission inevitable at so early a period of + Polynesian discovery, there is inserted an island styled "I. St. + François," or "I. S. Francisco," which lies in <!-- Page 7 --><span + class="pagenum"><a name="page7"></a>{7}</span>about 20° N. and 224° E. + from the meridian of Ferro, and, of course, almost exactly in the + situation of Owhyhee. That this large and lofty group may have been seen + by some other voyager long before, is far from improbable; but, beyond a + question, Cooke was the first to visit, describe, and lay them down + correctly in our maps. Professor Meyen, however, as quoted in Johnston's + <i>Physical Atlas</i>, mentions these islands in terms which would almost + lead one to suppose that he, the Professor, considered them to have been + known to the Spaniards in Anson's time or earlier, and that they had been + regular calling places for the galleons in those days! It is difficult to + conceive such a man capable of such a mistake; but if he did not suppose + them to have been discovered before Cook's voyage in 1778, his words are + singularly calculated to deceive the reader on that point.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. S. Warden.</span></p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>SUPERSTITION OF THE CORNISH MINERS.</h3> + + <p><span class="sc">Mr. Kingsley</span> records a superstition of the + Cornish miners, which I have not seen noted elsewhere. In reply to the + question, "What are the <i>Knockers</i>?" Tregarva answers:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"They are <i>the ghosts</i>, the miners hold, <i>of the Old Jews that + crucified our Lord, and were sent for slaves by the Roman emperors to + work the mines</i>: and we find their old smelting-houses, which we call + <i>Jews' houses</i>, and their blocks of the bottom of the great bogs, + which we call <i>Jews' tin</i>: and then, a town among us, too, which we + call <i>Market Jew</i>, but the old name was <i>Marazion</i>, that means + the Bitterness of Zion, they tell me; and bitter work it was for them no + doubt, poor souls! We used to break into the old shafts and adits which + they had made, and find old stags-horn pickaxes, that crumbled to pieces + when we brought them to grass. And they say that if a man will listen of + a still night about those old shafts, he may hear the ghosts of them at + working, knocking, and picking, as clear as if there was a man at work in + the next level."—<i>Yeast; a Problem</i>: Lond. 1851, p. 255.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Miners, as a class, are peculiarly susceptible of impressions of the + unseen world, and the superstitions entertained by them in different + parts of the world would form a curious volume. Is there any work on + Cornish folk lore which alludes to this superstition respecting the Jews? + It would be useless, I dare say, to consult Carew, or Borlase; besides, I + have not them by me.</p> + + <p>Apropos to Cornish matters, a dictionary with a very tempting title + was advertised for publication two or three years ago:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Geslevar Cernewac, a Dictionary of the Cornish Dialect of the Cymraeg + or ancient British Language, in which the words are elucidated by + numerous examples from the Cornish works now remaining, with translations + in English: and the synonyms in Welsh, Armoric, Irish, Gaelic, and Manx, + so as to form a Celtic Lexicon. By the Rev. Robert Williams, M.A., Oxon., + to be published in one vol. 4to. price 31<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>"</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>When shall we see this desirable lexicon? I was reminded of it the + other day by hearing of the subscriptions on foot for the publication of + the great Irish dictionary, which the eminent Irish scholars Messrs. + O'Donovan and Curry have had in hand for many years.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Eirionnach.</span></p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Minor Queries.</h2> + + <p><i>Clerical Duel.</i>—I shall be obliged to any correspondent + who will supply the name of the courtier referred to in the following + anecdote, which is to be found in Burckhardt's <i>Kirchen-Geschichte der + Deutschen Gemeinden in London</i>, Tub. 1798, p. 77.</p> + + <p>Anton Wilhelm Böhme, who came over as chaplain with Prince George of + Denmark, officiated at the German Chapel, St. James's, from the year 1705 + to 1722. He was a favourite of Queen Anne, and a friend of Isaac Watts. + On one occasion he preached against adultery in a way which gave great + offence to one of the courtiers present, who conceived that a personal + attack on himself was intended. He accordingly sent a challenge to the + preacher, which was without hesitation accepted; and at the time and + place appointed the chaplain made his appearance in full canonicals, with + his Bible in his hand, and gave the challenger a lecture which led to + their reconciliation and friendship.</p> + + <p>I should like also to know whether there is any other authority for + the story than that which I leave quoted.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">S. R. Maitland</span>.</p> + + <p class="address">Gloucester</p> + + <p><i>Pistol.</i>—What is the date of the original introduction of + this word into our vocabulary in either of the senses in which it is + equivocally used by Falstaff in 1 <i>Henry IV.</i>, Act. V. Sc. 3.? In + the sense of fire-arms, pistols seem to have been unknown by that name as + late as the year 1541; for the stat. 33 Hen. VIII. c. 6., after reciting + the murders, &c. committed "with cross-bows, little short hand-guns, + and little hagbuts," prohibits the possession of "any hand-gun other than + such as shall be in the stock and gun of the length of one whole yard, or + any hagbut or demihake other than such as shall be in the stock and gun + of the length of three quarters of one yard." But throughout the act + there is no mention of the word "pistol."</p> + + <p class="author">J. F. M.</p> + + <p><i>Council of Laodicca, Canon 35.</i>—Can any of your readers + inform me whether, in any early work on the Councils, the word + <i>angelos</i> is in the text, without having <i>angulos</i> in the + margin? If so, oblige me by stating the editions.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Clericus (D).</span></p> + +<p><!-- Page 8 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page8"></a>{8}</span></p> + + <p><i>Pennycomequick, adjoining Plymouth.</i>—The Bath and West of + England Agricultural Society held their recent annual meeting here. Will + any of your correspondents oblige me with the derivation of this + remarkable word?</p> + + <p class="author">R. H. B.</p> + + <p><i>Park the Antiquary.</i>—In a note to the third volume (p. + lxxiii.) of the <i>Grenville Correspondence</i> the following passage: + "Barker has printed a second note, which Junius is supposed to have + written to Garrick, upon the authority of Park the antiquary, <i>who + states</i> that he found it in a <i>cotemporary newspaper</i>," &c. + This is not strictly correct. Barker says (p. 190.), "The letter was + found in a copy of Junius belonging to [Query, which <i>had</i> belonged + to?] T. Park, &c. He had [Query, it is presumed?] cut it out of a + newspaper; but unfortunately has omitted to furnish the date of the + newspaper." [Query, How then known to be cotemporary?] The difference is + important; but where is the copy containing this letter? By whom has it + been seen? By whom and when first discovered? Where did Barker find the + story recorded? When and where first printed?</p> + + <p class="author">P. T. A.</p> + + <p><i>Honorary D.C.L.'s.</i>—It was mentioned in a report of + proceedings at the late Installation, that the two <i>royal + personages</i> honoured with degrees, having been doctored by diploma, + would be entitled to vote in Convocation,—a privilege not possessed + by the common tribe of honorary D.C.L.'s.</p> + + <p>Can you inform me whether Dr. Johnson had, or ever exercised, the + right referred to in virtue of his M.A. degree (conferred on the + publication of the <i>Dictionary</i>), or of the higher academical + dignity to which his name has given such a world-wide celebrity?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Cantabrigiensis.</span></p> + + <p><i>Battle of Villers en Couché.</i>—Some of your correspondents, + better versed than myself in military matters, will doubtless render me + assistance by replying to this Query. Where can I find a copious and + accurate account of the battle, or perhaps I should rather say skirmish, + of Villers en Couché? If I am rightly informed, it must be one of the + most remarkable actions on record, when the comparative numbers of the + troops engaged are taken into consideration. We have, as an heirloom in + our family, a medal <span class="correction" title="Original reads `worn', corrected by letter in Issue 196." + >won</span> by an officer on that occasion: it is suspended from a red + and white ribbon, and is inscribed thus:</p> + +<p class="cenhead">"FORTITUDINE<br /> +VILLERS EN COUCHÉ.<br /> +24<span class="scac">TH</span> APRIL,<br /> +1794."</p> + + <p>I do not remember to have read any account of the battle; but, as I + have heard from the lips of one who gained his information from the + officer before alluded to, the particulars were these:—General + Mansell, with a force consisting of two squadrons of the 15th Hussars, + and one squadron of the German Legion, <i>two hundred and seventy-two</i> + in all, charged a body of the French army, <i>ten thousand</i> strong. + The French were formed in a hollow square: but five times, as I am + informed, did our gallant troops charge into and out of the square, till + the French, struck with a sudden panic, retreated with a loss of twelve + hundred men. I am desirous of authenticating this almost incredible + account, and shall be thankful for such information as may guide me to an + authoritative record of the action in question.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">W. Sparrow Simpson, B.A.</span></p> + + <p><i>Dr. Misaubin.</i>—Will any of your numerous correspondents + give me any information, or refer me to any work where I can find it, + respecting Dr. Misaubin, who appears to have practised in London during + the first half of the last century? What was the peculiarity of his + practice?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Griffin.</span></p> + + <p><i>Kemble, Willet, and Forbes.</i>—What are the two concluding + lines of an epigram published ten or twelve years ago, + beginning,—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"The case of Kemble, Willet, and Forbes,</p> + <p>Much of the Chancellor's time absorbs;</p> + <p>If I were the Chancellor I should tremble</p> + <p>At the mention of Willet, Forbes, and Kemble"?</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Uneda.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Philadelphia.</p> + + <p><i>Piccalyly.</i>—The ornament, somewhat between a hood, a + scarf, and an armlet, worn hanging over the right shoulder of judges and + serjeants at law, is called a <i>piccalyly</i>. What is the origin of + this peculiarity of judicial costume, what are the earliest examples of + it, and what its etymology?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">No Judge.</span></p> + + <p><i>Post-Office about 1770.</i>—Mr. Smith, in the notes prefixed + to the <i>Grenville Correspondence</i>, says several of Junius's letters + appear to have been sent from the same post-office "as the post-mark is + '<i>peny</i> post payd,'"—a peculiarity of spelling not likely to + occur often. Have any of your correspondents letters of that date with a + like post-mark? and, if so, can they tell us <i>where</i> posted?</p> + + <p class="author">P. A. O.</p> + + <p>"<i>Carefully examined and well-authenticated.</i>"—I agree with + <span class="sc">Mr. Cramp</span> (Vol. vii., p. 569.) that "the + undecided question of the authorship of Junius requires that every + statement should be carefully examined, and (as far as possible) only + well-authenticated facts be admitted as evidence." I take leave, + therefore, to remind him that my question (Vol. iii., p. 262.) remains + unanswered; that I am anxious that he should authenticate his statement + (p. 63.), and name some of the "many" <!-- Page 9 --><span + class="pagenum"><a name="page9"></a>{9}</span>persons in whose libraries + vellum-bound copies of Junius have been found.</p> + + <p class="author">V. B.</p> + + <p><i>Sir Heister Ryley.</i>—Who was the author of the <i>Visions + of Sir Heister Ryley</i>, and whence did it derive its name? It was + published in 1710, and consists of papers periodically published on + serious subjects. It was one of the many short-lived periodicals that + sprung up in imitation of the <i>Tatler</i>, and appears to have died a + natural death at the end of the so-called first volume.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">H. T. Riley</span>.</p> + + <p><i>Effigies with folded Hands.</i>—On the south side of + Llangathen Church, Carmarthenshire, is a huge monument (of the style well + designated as bedstead) for Dr. Anthony Rudd, Bishop of St. David's, and + Anne Dalton, his wife, 1616, with their recumbent effigies, and those of + four sons kneeling at their head and feet. From all these figures the + iconoclasts had smitten the hands upraised in prayer, and they have been + replaced by plaister hands folded on the bosom. The effect is singular. + Is there any other instance of such restoration?</p> + + <p class="author">E. D.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Minor Queries with Answers.</h2> + + <p><i>Passage in Bishop Horsley.</i>—In the Introduction to + <i>Utrum Horum</i>, a rather curious work by Henry Care, being a + comparison of the Thirty-nine Articles with the doctrines of + Presbyterians on the one hand, and the tenets of the Church of Rome on + the other, is an extract from Dr. Hakewill's <i>Answer</i> (1616) <i>to + Dr. Carier</i>, "an apostate to Popery." In it occurs the following + passage: "And so, through Calvin's sides, you strike at the throat and + heart of our religion." Will you allow me to ask if a similar expression + is not used by Bishop Horsley in some one of his Charges?</p> + + <p class="author">S. S. S.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[The following passage occurs in the bishop's Charge to the clergy of + St. Asaph in 1806, p. 26. "Take especial care, before you aim your shafts + at Calvinism, that you know what is Calvinism, and what is not: that in + that mass of doctrine, which it is of late become the fashion to abuse + under the name of Calvinism, you can distinguish with certainty that part + of it which is nothing better than Calvinism, and that which belongs to + our common Christianity, and the general faith of the Reformed Churches; + <i>lest, when you mean only to fall foul of Calvinism, you should + unwarily attack something more sacred and of higher origin</i>."]</p> + +</div> + + <p>"<i>Marry come up!</i>"—What is the origin of this expression, + found in the old novelists? It perhaps originates in an adjuration of the + Virgin Mary. If so, how did it gain its present form?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">H. T. Riley</span>.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[Halliwell explains it as an interjection equivalent to indeed! + <i>Marry on us, marry come up, Marry come out</i>, interjections given by + Brockett. <i>Marry and shall</i>, that I will! <i>Marry come up, my dirty + cousin</i>, a saying addressed to any one who affects excessive + delicacy.]</p> + +</div> + + <p><i>Dover Court.</i>—What is the origin of the expression of a + "<i>Dover Court</i>, where all are talkers and none are hearers?" There + is a place called by this name in the vicinity of Harwich?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">H. T. Riley.</span></p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[There is a legend, that Dover-Court Church in Essex once possessed a + miraculous cross which spoke, thus noticed in the <i>Collier of + Croydon</i>:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"And how the rood of <i>Dovercot</i> did speak,</p> + <p>Confirming his opinions to be true."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>So that it is possible, as Nares suggests, that this church was the + scene of confusion alluded to in the proverb: "Dover Court, all speakers + and no hearers." Fox, in his <i>Martyrology</i>, vol. ii. p. 302., + states, that "a rumour was spread that no man could shut the door, which + therefore stood open night and day; and that the resort of people to it + was much and very great."]</p> + +</div> + + <p><i>Porter.</i>—In what book is the word <i>porter</i>, meaning + the malt liquor so called, first found? I have an impression that the + earliest use of it that I have seen is in Nicholas Amherst's <i>Terræ + Filius</i>, about 1726.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">H. T. Riley</span>.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[We doubt whether an earlier use of this word, as descriptive of a + malt liquor, will be found than the one noticed by our correspondent; for + it was only about 1722 that Harwood, a London brewer, commenced brewing + this liquor, which he called "entire," or "entire butt," implying that it + was drawn from one cask or butt. It subsequently obtained the name of + <i>porter</i>, from its consumption by porters and labourers.]</p> + +</div> + + <p><i>Dr. Whitaker's Ingenious Earl.</i>—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"To our equal surprise and vexation at times, we find the ancients + possessed of degrees of physical knowledge with which we were mostly or + entirely unacquainted ourselves. I need not appeal in proof of this to + that extraordinary operation of chemistry, by which Moses reduced the + golden calf to powder, and then give it mingled with water as a drink to + the Israelites; an operation the most difficult in all the processes of + chemistry, and concerning which it is a sufficient honour for the moderns + to say, that they have once or twice practised it. I need not appeal to + the mummies of Egypt, in which the art of embalming bodies is so + eminently displayed, that all attempts at imitation have only showed the + infinite superiority of the original to the copy. I need not appeal to + the gilding upon those mummies so fresh in its lustre; to the stained + silk of them, so vivid in its colours after a lapse of 3000 years; to the + ductility and malleability of glass, discovered by an artist of Rome in + the days of Tiberius, but instantly lost by the immediate murder of the + man under the orders of the emperor, and just now boasted vainly to be + re-discovered by the wildly eccentric, yet vividly vigorous, genius of + that earl who professes to teach law to my lord chancellor, and divinity + to my lords the <!-- Page 10 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page10"></a>{10}</span>bishops, who proposes to send ship, by the + force of steam, with all the velocity of a ball from the mouth of a + cannon, and who pretends by the power of his steam-impelled oars to beat + the waters of the ocean into the hardness of adamant; or to the + burning-glasses of Archimedes, recorded in their effects by credible + writers, actually imitated by Proclus at the siege of Constantinople with + Archimedes' own success, yet boldly pronounced by some of our best + judges, demonstrably impracticable in themselves, and lately demonstrated + by some faint experiments to be very practicable, the skill of the + moderns only going so far as to render credible the practices of the + ancients."—<i>The Course of Hannibal</i>, by John Whitaker, B.D., + 1794, vol. ii. p. 142.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Who was the earl whose universality of genius is described above by + this "laudator temporis acti?"</p> + + <p class="author">H. J.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[Charles Earl Stanhope, whose versatility of talent succeeded in + abolishing the old wooden printing-press, with its double pulls, and + substituting in its place the beautiful iron one, called after him the + "Stanhope Press." His lordship's inventive genius, however, failed in the + composing-room; for his transmogrified letter-cases, with his eight + logotypes, once attempted at <i>The Times'</i> office, were soon + abandoned, and the old process of single letters preferred.]</p> + +</div> + + <p><i>Dissimulate.</i>—Where is the earliest use of this word to be + found? It is to be met with in Bernard Mandeville's <i>Fable of the + Bees</i>, 1723; but is not to be found, I think, in any dictionary. I was + once heavily censured at school for using it in my theme; but I have more + than once of late seen it used in a leading article of <i>The + Times</i>.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">H. T. Riley</span>.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[<i>Dissimulate</i> occurs in Richardson's Dictionary, with the two + following examples:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Under smiling she was <i>dissimulate</i>,</p> + <p>Prouocatiue with blinkes amorous."</p> + <p class="i6">Chaucer, <i>The Testament of Creseide</i>.</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>"We commaunde as kynges, and pray as men, that al thyng be forgiuen to + theim that be olde and broken, and to theim that be yonge and lusty, to + <i>dissimulate</i> for a time, and nothyng to be forgiuen to very yong + children."—<i>Golden Boke</i>, c. ix.</p> + +</div> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Replies.</h2> + +<h3>BISHOP KEN.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. vii., p. 526.)</p> + + <p>By converting a noun into a surname, Dodsley has led J. J. J. into a + natural, but somewhat amusing mistake. The lines quoted are in Horace + Walpole's well-known epistle, from Florence, addressed to his college + friend T[homas] A[shton,] tutor of the Earl of P[lymouth].</p> + + <p>In Walpole's <i>Fugitive Pieces</i>, printed at Strawberry Hill, 1758 + (the copy of which, now before me, was given by Walpole to Cole in 1762, + and contains several notes by the latter), the passage stands correctly + thus:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Or, with wise ken, judiciously define,</p> + <p>When Pius marks the honorary coin,</p> + <p>Of Carnealla, or of Antonine."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>Your correspondent refers to an edition of the <i>Collection of + Poems</i> of 1758. In a much later edition of that work, viz. 1782, the + line is again printed—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Or with wise <span class="scac">KEN</span>," &c.</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>It is strange that the mistake was not corrected, at the instance of + Walpole himself, during this long interval.</p> + + <p>Turning to Bishop Ken, I would observe that in his excellent Life of + this prelate, Mr. Anderdon has given the three well-known hymns "word for + word," as first penned. These, Mr. A. tells us, are found, for the first + time, in a copy of the <i>Manual of Prayers For the Use of the Winchester + Scholars</i>, printed in 1700. The bishop's versions vary so very + materially from those to which we have been accustomed from childhood, + that these original copies are very interesting. Indeed, within five + years after their first appearance, and during the author's life, + material changes were made, several of which are retained to the present + hour. It must be admitted that some of the stanzas, as they first came + from the bishop's pen, are singularly rugged and inharmonious, almost + justifying the request made by the lady to Byrom (as I have stated + elsewhere<a name="footnotetag1" href="#footnote1"><sup>[1]</sup></a>), + "to revise and polish the bishop's poems." How came these hymns, so far + the most popular of his poetical works, to be omitted by Hawkins in the + collected edition of the poems, printed in 4 vols., 1721?</p> + + <p>My present object is, to call your attention to a "Midnight Hymn," by + Sir Thomas Browne, which will be found in his works (vol. ii. p. 113., + edit. Wilkin). Can there be question that to it Ken is indebted for some + of the thoughts and expressions in two of his own hymns?</p> + + <p>The good bishop's fame will not be lessened by his adopting what was + good in the works of the learned physician. He doubtless thought far more + of the benefit which he could render to the youthful Wykehamists, than of + either the originality or smoothness of his own verses.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i2"><i>Sir Thomas Browne.</i></p> + <p class="hg3">"While I do rest, my soul advance;</p> + <p>Make my sleep a holy trance:</p> + <p>That I may, my rest being wrought,</p> + <p>Awake into some holy thought,</p> + <p>And with as active vigour run</p> + <p>My course as doth the nimble sun.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Sleep is a death: O make me try,</p> + <p>By sleeping, what it is to die!</p> +<!-- Page 11 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page11"></a>{11}</span> + <p>And as gently lay my head</p> + <p>On my grave, as now my bed.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"These are my drowsy days; in vain</p> + <p>I do now wake to sleep again.</p> + <p>O come that hour when I shall never</p> + <p>Sleep again, but wake for ever!</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Guard me 'gainst those watchful foes,</p> + <p>Whose eyes are open while mine close;</p> + <p>Let no dreams my head infest,</p> + <p>But such as Jacob's temples blest."</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i2"><i>Bishop Ken.</i></p> + <p class="hg3">"Awake, my soul, and with the sun</p> + <p>Thy daily stage of duty run.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Teach me to live that I may dread</p> + <p>The grave as little as my bed.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"O when shall I in endless day</p> + <p>For ever chase dark sleep away,</p> + <p>And endless praise with th' Heavenly choir,</p> + <p>Incessant sing and never tire.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"You, my blest Guardian, whilst I sleep,</p> + <p>Close to my bed your vigils keep;</p> + <p>Divine love into me instil,</p> + <p>Stop all the avenues of ill.</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Thought to thought, with my soul converse</p> + <p>Celestial joys to me rehearse;</p> + <p>And in my stead, all the night long,</p> + <p>Sing to my God a grateful song."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>In the work referred to—one of the most valuable and best edited + of modern days—Mr. Wilkin, when speaking of a fine passage on music + in the <i>Religio Medici</i> (vol. ii. p. 106.), asks whether it may not + have suggested to Addison the beautiful conclusion of his Hymn on the + Glories of Creation:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"What tho' in solemn silence, all," &c.</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>This passage in Sir Thomas Browne appears forcibly to have struck the + gifted author of <i>Confessions of an English Opium-eater</i> (see p. + 106. of that work).</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. H. Markland</span>.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <a name="footnote1"></a><b>Footnote 1:</b><a + href="#footnotetag1">(return)</a> + <p><i>Sketch of Bishop Ken's Life</i>, p. 107.</p> + +</div> +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>BOHN'S EDITION OF HOVEDEN.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. vii., p. 579.)</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Mr. Riley</span> mistakes my purpose if he thinks + that my object was to make a personal attack on him; and for anything in + my last communication which may have appeared to possess that tendency, I + hereby freely express my regret. Still I cannot allow that he has + explained away the mistakes of which I complained, and of which I still + have to complain. The kingdom of Cork <i>never</i> "extended to within a + short distance of Waterford;" and the territory of Desmond was + <i>never</i> co-extensive with Cork, having been always confined to the + county of Kerry. <span class="sc">Mr. Riley</span>, therefore, is in + error when he uses "Cork" and "Desmond" as synonymous. Again, he falls + into the same mistake by assuming "Crook, Hook Point, or The Crook," to + be synonyms. I never heard that Henry II. landed at Hook Point, which is + in the county of Wexford, and from which a land journey to Waterford + would be very circuitous. At Crook, however, on the opposite side of + Waterford Harbour, and within the shelter of Creden Head, he is said to + have done so; and as that point answers pretty exactly to the + <i>Crock</i> of Hoveden, why assume some indefinite point of the "Kingdom + of Cork" as the locality, even supposing that its boundary <i>did</i> + approach Waterford city? Really <span class="sc">Mr. Riley</span>'s + explanations but make matters worse.</p> + + <p>With regard to "Erupolensis" being an <i>alias</i> of Ossoriensis, I + may quote the authority of the learned De Burgo, who, speaking of the + diocese of Ossory, observes:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Quandoque tamen nuncupata erat <i>Eyrupolensis</i> ab <i>Eyro</i> + Flumine, vulgò <i>Neoro</i>, quod <i>Kilkenniam</i> + alluit."—<i>Hibernia Dominicana</i>, p. 205. note <i>i</i>.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>I maintain that the reading public has just cause to complain, not (as + I said on a former occasion) because the editor of such a book as + Hoveden's <i>Annals</i> does not know everything necessary to elucidate + his author, but because baseless conjectures are put forward as + elucidations of the text.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">James Graves.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Kilkenny.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>COLERIDGE'S CHRISTABEL.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. vii., pp. 206. 292.)</p> + + <p>It is difficult to believe that the third part of <i>Christabel</i>, + published in Blackwood for June, 1819, vol. v. p. 286., could have either + "perplexed the public," or "pleased Coleridge." In the first place, it + was avowedly written by "Morgan Odoherty;" and in the next, it is too + palpable a parody to have pleased the original author, who could hardly + have been satisfied with the raving rhapsodies put into his mouth, or + with the treatment of his innocent and virtuous heroine. This will + readily be supposed when it is known that the Lady Geraldine is made out + to have been a man in woman's attire, and that "the mark of Christabel's + shame, the seal of her sorrow," is neither more nor less than the natural + consequence of her having shared her chamber with such a visitor.</p> + + <p>Is your correspondent A. B. R. correct in stating this parody to have + been the composition of Dr. Maginn? In the biography of this brilliant + writer in the twenty-third volume of the <i>Dublin University + Magazine</i>, Dr. Moir, who had undoubtedly good opportunities of + knowing, mentions that his first contribution to <i>Blackwood</i> was the + Latin translation of "Chevy Chase," in the number for November 1819; if + this be correct, many of the cleverest papers that appeared under the + name of Odoherty, and which are all popularly attributed <!-- Page 12 + --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page12"></a>{12}</span>to Maginn, must + have been the work of other authors, a circumstance which I had been + already led to suspect from the frequent local allusions to Scotland in + general, and to Edinburgh in particular, which could have scarcely + proceeded from the pen of a native of Cork, who had then never visited + Scotland. Since Dr. Moir's own death, it appears that the <i>Eve of St. + Jerry</i>, and the <i>Rhyme of the Auncient Waggonere</i>, have been + claimed for him, as well as some other similar pieces; and I believe that + the series of <i>Boxiana</i>, which also appeared under the name of the + renowned ensign and adjutant, was written by Professor Wilson. Maginn's + contributions were at first under various signatures, and some time + elapsed before he made use of the <i>nom de guerre</i> of Morgan + Odoherty, which eventually became so identified with him.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. S. Warden</span>.</p> + + <p class="address">Paternoster Row.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>ITS.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. vii., p. 578.)</p> + + <p>I am sorry to intrude upon your valuable space again in reference to + this little word, but the inquiry of <span class="sc">Mr. Rye</span> (p. + 578.), and other reasons, render it desirable. The truth is that <span + class="sc">Mr. Keightley</span>, <span class="sc">Mr. Rye</span> and + myself, are more or less mistaken. 1. <span class="sc">Mr. + Keightley</span>, in his quotation from Fairfax's <i>Tasso</i> (<span + class="sc">Mr. Singer</span>'s accurate reprint, 1817), has <i>his</i> in + both lines. 2. <span class="sc">Mr. Rye</span>, in understanding me to + refer to any translation proper; unless Sternhold and Hopkins are to be + considered as having produced one. 3. Myself, in supposing the old + metrical version in the Book of Common Prayer originally had the word + <i>its</i>. I copied from the Oxford edition in fol. of 1770; but a 4to. + edition, "printed by Iohn Daye, dwelling over Aldersgate, anno 1574," + does not exhibit the word in the places specified; we have instead + <i>her</i> in both places.</p> + + <p>Hitherto, then, the oldest examples of the use of this word have been + adduced from Shakspeare. These are to be found in the first folio, but + are in each case printed with the apostrophe after the + <i>t</i>,—<i>it's</i>. This method of writing the word, however, + soon disappeared, for in a treatise of Pemble's, printed 1635 (the author + died in 1623), it appears as we write it now:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"If faith alone by <i>its</i> own virtue and + force."—<i>Works</i>, fol. p. 171.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>I have not observed the fact remarked, that besides the use of <i>his, + her, hereof, thereof, of it</i>, and <i>the</i>, it was customary to + employ the unchanged word <i>it</i> for the possessive case. I will give + an example or two. In the Genevan version, at Rom. viii. 20., we read + "Not of <i>it</i> owne wille." This passage is thus quoted in 1611 and in + 1622, but in a later edition of the same work, 1656, <i>its</i> is + substituted for <i>it</i>. I have a note of one other instance from + Perkins on Rev. ii. 28. (ed. 1606): "For as the sunne in the spring time + quickeneth by <i>it</i> warme beames."</p> + + <p>In conclusion, may I request that if any genuine instance of the use + of this word <i>its</i>, is observed by any of your many contributors, + they will communicate the fact to you? At present we can only go back to + Shakspeare, in his <i>Winter's Tale</i> and <i>Henry VIII</i>.</p> + + <p class="author">B. H. C.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>FAMILY OF MILTON'S WIDOW.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. vii., p. 596.)</p> + + <p>As your correspondent <span class="sc">Cranmore</span> has long been a + deserter from the ranks of "N. & Q.," I may perhaps, without + presumption, for once "stand in his shoes," and reply to the challenge + addressed to him by V. M.</p> + + <p>Much obscurity has all along prevailed among the many biographers of + Milton, in reference to the family of Elizabeth Minshull, his third wife, + and eventually, for more than fifty years, his widow. Philips, Warton, + Todd, and numerous others, state her to have been "the daughter of Mr. + Minshull, of Cheshire,"—a very vague assertion when we consider + that there were at least three or four different families of that name + then existing in the county. Pennant, who delighted in particularities, + sometimes even at the expense of historical fact, tells us, for the first + time, in 1782, that she was the daughter of Mr. (or Sir) Edward Minshull, + of Stoke, near Nantwich, and that she died at the latter town in March, + 1726, at an advanced age. Mr. Ormerod, again, whose splendid <i>History + of Cheshire</i> will be the standard authority of the county for ages + after he himself is carried to his fathers, has unfortunately adopted the + same conclusion, and so given a colour, as it were, to this erroneous + statement of our Cambrian antiquary. The Rev. Benjamin Mardon's paper, + printed in the <i>Journal of the British Archæological Association for + 1849</i>, is another and more recent instance of the way in which such + errors as this may become perpetuated. Another writer (Palmer) + conjectures her to have been the daughter of Minshull of Manchester; but + this also has been proved to be entirely destitute of foundation.</p> + + <p>The truth of the matter is (and I am indebted to Mr. Fitchett Marsh's + clear and succinct dissertation in the <i>Miscellany</i> of the Chetham + Society for the information), the poet's widow was daughter of Mr. Randle + Minshull, of Wistaston in the county of Chester, whose + great-great-grandfather, a younger son of Minshull of Minshull, settled + on a small estate there in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, and so founded + the house of Minshull of Wistaston. Milton was introduced to his Cheshire + wife by his friend Dr. Paget; and <!-- Page 13 --><span + class="pagenum"><a name="page13"></a>{13}</span>it was by his advice that + the author of <i>Paradise Lost</i> once more entered into the bonds of + wedlock. Mr. Marsh, to clear up all doubt upon the subject, and having + previously established the identity of the family, examined the parish + register at Wistaston, and there found that "Elizabeth, the daughter of + Randolph Mynshull, was baptized the 30th day of December, 1638;" so that, + if baptized shortly after birth, she must have been about twenty-six + years old when united to Milton in 1664, and about eighty-nine at her + death, which occurred in 1727.</p> + + <p>V. M., and all others who desire farther enlightenment on the subject, + will do well to refer to the volume before mentioned, which forms the + twenty-fourth of the series published by the Chetham Society.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">T. Hughes.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Chester.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>BOOKS OF EMBLEMS—JACOB BEHMEN.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. vii., pp. 469. 579.)</p> + + <p>Perhaps you will allow poor old Jacob Behmen, the inspired cobbler of + Gorlitz, a niche in your temple of writers of emblems. I think he is + legitimately entitled to that distinction. His works are nearly all + couched in emblems; and, besides his own figures, his principles were + pictorially illustrated by his disciple William Law (the author of <i>The + Way to Divine Knowledge</i>, <i>The Serious Call</i>, &c.), in some + seventeen simple, and four compound emblematic drawings. Of these the + most remarkable, and in fact the most intelligible, are three compound + emblems representing the Creation, Apostasy, and Redemption of Man. Every + phase of each stage in the soul's history is disclosed to view by means + of double and single doors. We are now concerned only with such of + Behmen's emblematic works as have been translated into English. The + following list contains only those in my own library. I am acquainted + with no others:</p> + + <p>(1.) "The Works of Jacob Behmen, the Teutonic Theosopher, to which is + prefixed the Life of the Author, with Figures illustrating his + Principles, left by the Rev. William Law, M.A. In four thick Volumes, + royal 4to. London: printed for M. Richardson in Paternoster Row, <span + class="scac">MDCCLXIV</span>." With a fine portrait of Behmen facing the + title-page of the first volume. This edition contains the following + works:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>1. Aurora: the Day-spring, or Dawning of the Day in the East; or + Morning-redness in the Rising of the Sun: that is, the Root or Mother of + Philosophy, Astrology, and Theology, from the True Ground; or, A + Description of Nature.</p> + + <p>2. The Three Principles of the Divine Essence of the Eternal: Dark, + Light, and Temporary World.</p> + + <p>3. Mysterium Magnum: or an Explanation of the First Book of Moses + called Genesis.</p> + + <p>4. Four Tables of Divine Revelation.</p> + + <p>5. The High and Deep-Searching of the Threefold Life of Man, through + or according to the Three Principles.</p> + + <p>6. Forty Questions concerning the Soul, proposed by Dr. Balthasar + Walter, and answered by Jacob Behmen.</p> + + <p>7. The Treatise of the Incarnation.</p> + + <p>8. The Clavis, or an Explanation of some Principal Points and + Expressions.</p> + + <p>9. Signatura Rerum.</p> + + <p>10. Of the Election of Grace; or of God's Will towards Man, commonly + called Predestination.</p> + + <p>11. The Way to Christ discovered in the following Treatises:—I. + Of True Repentance. II. Of True Resignation. III. Of Regeneration. IV. Of + Supernatural Life.</p> + + <p>12. A Discourse between a Soul hungry and thirsty after the Fountain + of Life, the sweet Love of Jesus Christ, and a Soul enlightened.</p> + + <p>13. A Treatise of the Four Complexions, or a Consolatory Instruction + for a Sad and Assaulted Heart in the Time of Temptation.</p> + + <p>14. A Treatise of Christ's Testament, Baptism, and the Supper.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>(2.) "Theosophic Letters, or Epistles of the Man from God enlightened + in Grace, Jacob Behmen, of Old Seidenburgh, wherein everywhere [are?] + Divine Blessed Exhortations to true Repentance and Amendment, as also + Plaine Instructions concerning the highly worthy and precious Knowledge + of the Divine and Natural Wisdome; together with a Right Touchstone or + Triall of these Times, for an Introduction to the Author's other + Writings: published in English for the good of the sincere Lovers of true + Christianitie, by I. S.<a name="footnotetag2" + href="#footnote2"><sup>[2]</sup></a>" (I have only a MS. copy of this + publication.)</p> + + <p>(3.) A beautiful MS. translation of "The Way to Christ." This is + hardly so accurate as the one already referred to, though some of the + expressions are better chosen. The date of this MS. is about 1730, or + earlier.</p> + + <p>(4.) A fair MS. translation of Jacob Behmen's treatise called "A + Fundamental Instruction concerning the Earthly and concerning the + Heavenly Mystery; how they two stand in one another, and how in the + Earthly the Heavenly becometh manifested or revealed, wherein then you + shall see Babell the great citty upon Earth stand with its Forms and + Wonders; and wherefore, or out of what, Babell is generated, and where + Antichrist will stand quite naked. Comprised in Nine Texts. Written May + 8, 1620, in High Dutch." (I have seen no printed translation of this + treatise.)</p> + + <p>(5.) MS. translation of the fourth treatise of "The Way to Christ," + viz. "of the Supersensual Life." This is a less accurate rendering than + either of the others above mentioned.</p> + + <p>Perhaps your mystic correspondents will kindly furnish lists of other + publications and MSS. of <!-- Page 14 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page14"></a>{14}</span>"the Teutonick Theosopher." There are + sixteen more of his works, of which fifteen are now extant in High Dutch. + As old Behmen is but little known in this country, save by ill-repute, as + having led astray William Law in his old age, and, through him, having + tinctured the religious philosophy of Coleridge, it way be worth noting, + that no less a philosopher than Schelling (to whom, as we know, Coleridge + stood so greatly indebted) stole from the Lusatian shoemaker the + corner-stones of his <i>Philosophy of Nature</i>.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">C. Mansfield Ingleby.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Birmingham.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <a name="footnote2"></a><b>Footnote 2:</b><a + href="#footnotetag2">(return)</a> + <p>J. Sparrow.—<span class="sc">Ed.</span></p> + +</div> +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>RAFFAELLE'S SPOSALIZIO.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. vii., p. 595.)</p> + + <p>With regard to your correspondent <span class="sc">Mr. G. Brindley + Ackworth</span>'s Query respecting <i>Raffaelle's Sposalizio</i>, I am + induced to think that the <i>custode</i> at the church of the Santa Croce + at Florence was right as to his information. In the copy which I have of + the "Ordo ad faciendum Sponsalia," <i>according to the ancient use of + Salisbury</i>, the ring is undoubtedly to be placed on the bride's + <i>right</i> hand. Wheatly indeed says, that "when the man espouses his + wife with it (<i>i.e.</i> the ring), he is to put it <i>upon the fourth + finger of her</i> left <i>hand</i>;" and then refers, for <i>the + reason</i> of this, to the rubric of <i>Salisbury Manual</i>, which + speaks of the vein going from this finger directly to the heart.</p> + + <p>Now, what are the precise words of this rubric? After giving + directions for the benediction of the ring, provided it has not + previously been blessed, the rubric goes on thus:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Si autem antea fuerit annulus ille benedictus tunc statim postquam + vir posuerit annulum super librum, accipiens sacerdos annulum tradat + ipsum viro: quem vir accipiat manu sua dextera cum tribus <span + class="correction" title="Original reads `principalionibus'." + >principalioribus</span> digitis, et manu sua sinistra tenens dexteram + sponsæ docente sacerdote dicat."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>The man is to receive the ring from the priest with the three + principal fingers of the right hand; and then, holding the <i>right + hand</i> of the bride with his own left hand, he shall say, "With this + ring," &c. He is then to place the ring on her thumb, saying, "In + nomine Patris;" then on her second finger, saying "et Filii;" then on the + third finger, saying "et Spiritus Sancti;" then on the fourth finger, + saying "Amen;" and there he is to leave it. There is not a word said + about the bride's <i>left</i> hand, the <i>right</i> is alone mentioned; + and why should the man hold her <i>right</i> hand with his <i>left</i>, + but that with his <i>right</i> hand he may the more easily place the + ring, <i>first</i> on the <i>thumb</i>, then on the other fingers of her + <i>right</i> hand, until it arrives at its ideal destination?</p> + + <p>While I am upon this subject, allow me to point out another singular + direction given in a rubric in this same "Ordo ad faciendum Sponsalia." + When the woman is, as we term it, given away, if she be a spinster, she + is to have her hand <i>uncovered</i>; if a widow, <i>covered</i>: the + words are—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Deinde detur femina a patre suo, vel ab amicis ejus: quod si + <i>puella</i> sit, <i>discoopertam</i> habeat <i>manum</i>, si + <i>vidua</i>, <i>tectam</i>."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>There is no reason given for this distinction, nor do I ever remember + to have seen it noticed.</p> + + <p class="author">F. B. W.</p> + + <p>The <i>Sposalizio</i>, or "espousals," or betrothing, is certainly a + different ceremony from the marriage. Is not the fact of young ladies + popularly considering and calling the third finger of the <i>right</i> + hand the engaged finger, and wearing a ring on that finger when engaged, + a confirmation of your correspondent's idea, that at this "betrothal" or + "espousals" (compare the phrase "his espoused wife" of Mary before her + <i>marriage</i> with Joseph) the ring was placed in the <i>right</i> + hand; at the marriage ceremony on the left?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Sc.</span></p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>WINDFALL.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. vii., p. 285.)</p> + + <p>W. W. is desirous of interpreting <i>windfall</i>, as necessarily from + its origin denoting a gain. He is, perhaps, expecting a handsome bequest; + I wish he may get it; but he may rely on it that the <i>windfall</i> of + the bequest will be accompanied by the <i>windfall</i> of the "Succession + Act." Let us hear what our great Doctor says; his first explanation is, + "Fruit blown down from the tree."</p> + + <p>W. W.'s little boys and girls would deem a <i>windfall</i> of unripe + apples, at this time of the year, a good; they will make a pie for + dinner. W. W. himself would call it an evil; the ripe crop is ruined.</p> + + <p>But let us see how Johnson illustrates his explanation:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Their <i>boughs</i> were too great for their stem, they became a + <i>windfall</i> upon the sudden."—<i>Bacon</i>, Essay 29.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Webster copies this for his first explanation, as he does also our + Dr's. second for his second; but as it is not his plan to illustrate by + examples, he is saved from the <i>eccentricity</i> of his original.</p> + + <p>If we refer to Bacon we shall be reminded of Johnson's warning, that + by "hasty detruncation the general tendency of a sentence may be + changed." The sentence here so hastily detruncated, stands thus in the + Essay:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"The Spartans were a nice people in point of naturalisation, whereby + while they kept their compasse, they stood firme. But when <i>they</i> + did spread, and <i>their boughes</i> were becommen too great for their + stemme, they became a <i>windfall</i> upon the suddaine. 'Potentia eorum + subito corruit.'"</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p><i>They</i>, in Johnson's mutilated sentence, refers to the + <i>boughs</i>; in Bacon, to the Spartans; so that, in <!-- Page 15 + --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page15"></a>{15}</span>the first place, + the Spartans are transformed into boughs, and, in the next place, the + boughs into fruit. Detruncation, however, had nothing to do with this + latter metamorphosis; and I am afraid this is not a solitary instance of + lexicographical incongruity.</p> + + <p>W. W. may assure himself that a windfall is "whatever <i>falls</i> by + the wind, or with similar suddenness or unexpectedness, whether bringing + good or ill."</p> + + <p>And if he will take the trouble to refer to "The Case of Impeachment + of Waste," quoted by <span class="sc">Mr. Arrowsmith</span>, Vol. vii., + p. 375., he will find, only a few lines before that gentleman's quotation + begins, a legal question at issue as to the right of property in + <i>windfalls</i>.</p> + + <p class="author">Q.</p> + + <p class="address">Bloomsbury.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>MR. JUSTICE NEWTON.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. vii., pp. 528. 600.)</p> + + <p>It would greatly enhance the value of contributions to "N. & Q.," + save much trouble, and often lead to a more direct intercourse between + persons of similar pursuits, if contributors would drop initials, and + sign their own proper name and <i>habitat</i>; and in saying this, I + believe the Editor will second me. If C. S. G. had done this, I should + have been happy to send him an envelope full of proofs that Mr. Justice + Newton did not die in 1444, for that a fine was levied before him in + 1448; that he is not buried in Bristol Cathedral, but in the Wyke Aisle + in Yatton Church, Somerset, where may be seen his effigies beautifully + carved in alabaster, in his judge's robes, and his head resting on a + wheat-sheaf or garb; that there was <i>no</i> relationship between the + second baronet of Hather, his arms being <i>cross bones</i>, &c., and + those of the judge, who was truly a <i>Cradock</i>, were three garbs, + &c. I would now beg leave to refer C. S. G. to my former + communications in "N. & Q." about Cradock Newton, particularly Vol. + ii., pp. 248. 427.; <i>Chronica Judicialia</i>, 1635; Foss's <i>Lives of + the Judges</i>; and a paper of mine in the forthcoming volume of the + <i>Proceedings of the Archæological Institute at Bristol</i>.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">H. T. Ellacombe</span>.</p> + + <p class="address">Rectory, Clyst St. George.</p> + + <p>From C. S. G.'s reply to my inquiry respecting Mr. Justice Newton I + conclude that at least <i>two</i> individuals of this name have, at + different periods, and at a considerable interval apart, occupied the + judicial bench.</p> + + <p>The portrait I wish to trace is of a well-known character of the + Commonwealth era, and could not, of course, have belonged to a judge then + some two centuries deceased. My omission to state this circumstance, in + the first instance, has very naturally occasioned complete + misapprehension throughout.</p> + + <p>Since my Query was written, a duplicate of the drawing in the Bodleian + (<i>minus</i> the inscription), out of the Strawberry Hill collection, + has, curiously enough, appeared in an extensive public sale. It was + likewise said to be by Bulfinch; and farther examination leads me to + infer that both this and the Oxford copy were, in respect of artist, in + all probability <i>not</i> incorrectly described. As Bulfinch lived + <i>temp.</i> Charles II., and the Bodleian inscription points to his + original painting, as "in the hands of Mr. Justice Newton," it may fairly + be presumed that a second judge of the name flourished in this reign.</p> + + <p>Substantially, then, my original Query yet remains unanswered, + notwithstanding C. S. G.'s obliging reply.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">F. Kyffin Lenthall.</span></p> + + <p class="address">36. Mount Street, Grosvenor Square.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h3>PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE.</h3> + + <p><i>Mr. Lyte's Treatment of Positives.</i>—It would be quite + superfluous, after the very excellent communication of <span + class="sc">Mr. Pollock</span>, were I to give a detailed account of my + method of printing albumen positives, as, in the main, we both follow the + process of Mr. Le Gray. But as we both have our own improvements on the + original process, I will ask for space in which to record our differences + in manipulation.</p> + + <p>First, in regard to the chloride of gold, I always find, and I believe + such is the experience of many photographers, that all salts of gold, + though they heighten the effect at first, have a slow, but sure, + destructive action on the picture.</p> + + <p>Next, I find that acetic acid, by generating sulphurous acid, has a + similar effect, and my care was to try and make a solution which should + be free from these defects. I first take my positive, which, as a general + rule, I print at least half as dark again as the shade required. This + done, I wash it well with water, and next with salt and water in the + proportion of about half a grain per gallon, or quite a tasteless + solution; this removes all the nitrate of silver from the paper, or if + there is any left, the bath of salt decomposes it, leaving none in the + texture of the paper to unite with the hypo., which otherwise forms a + sticky substance, difficult to remove, which may be readily seen on + looking through a positive which has been too hastily finished in the + usual way, giving a dark shade, and a want of transparency to the lights. + I then place the picture in a bath composed as follows:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Sodæ hyposul. 3 oz.</p> + <p>Argent. chlorid. 70 grs.</p> + <p>Potassii iodidi 5 grs.</p> + <p>Pyrogallic acid 1½ to 2 grs.</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>The iodide of potassium I add on the same principle as <span + class="sc">Mr. Pollock</span>'s iodide of silver, but as being <!-- Page + 16 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page16"></a>{16}</span>more + convenient, as immediately on being added it decomposes some of the + chloride of silver, and forms iodide of silver. I am happy to find that + <span class="sc">Mr. Pollock</span> confirms me in the use of this salt; + which I had long thought to improve the tone of my pictures. The liquid, + which will become rapidly very dark coloured, must be set aside in an + open vessel in a warm place for some weeks, <i>e.g.</i> till, when a + positive is placed in it, left for a short time, and then washed with + water, it shows clean and not mottled in the light. The solution may be + kept always exposed, and much improves by this: if <i>much</i> used, it + should be replenished with a simple solution of hypo. three ounces or two + ounces to the pint; if little used, it may be filled up as much as + evaporates with pure water.</p> + + <p>The positive is left in this solution till the required tint is + obtained, when it is to be placed in plain hypo. two ounces to the pint, + and in about a quarter of an hour transferred to a basin of pure water, + and well washed in several waters. The other detail of <span + class="sc">Mr. Pollock</span>'s process is so admirably and clearly + given, and so like that I pursue, that I will not trouble your columns + with it again.</p> + + <p>The after-bath of pure hypo. is not absolutely necessary; and where it + is desired to obtain fine olive, and dark sepia, and black tints, a + better tone results from washing well, long, and frequently, with water + alone.</p> + + <p>This bath also gives very rich tints with paper, prepared without + albumen: viz.—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Chloride of ammonium 5 grs.</p> + <p>Water 1 oz.</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p>Lay the paper on this, and then hang it up to dry, and excite with + ammonio-nitrate containing seventy grains of nitrate of silver to one + ounce of water. Should the above solution not give the requisite tints + soon after being made, add more chloride of silver; but bear in mind that + the solution will then soon become saturated when setting positives, and + when this occurs it must be rectified by the addition of a small portion + of fresh hypo. alone.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">F. Maxwell Lyte.</span></p> + + <p>P.S.—I may add that I have only lately tried the addition of the + iodide of potassium to my setting liquid, and so must qualify my + recommendation of it by saying so.</p> + + <p class="address">Florian, Torquay.</p> + + <p><i>Stereoscopic Angles.</i>—I am obliged to <span + class="sc">Messrs. Shadbolt</span> and <span class="sc">Wilkinson</span> + for the information given in reply to my Queries (Vol. vii., p. 505.) My + mode of operation is precisely that of <span class="sc">Mr. + Wilkinson</span>: "I obtain all the information I can from every source; + then try, and judge for myself." Hence the present letter.</p> + + <p>I regret to be obliged to differ from <span class="sc">Mr. + Shadbolt</span>, but there is a point in his communication which appears + to me to arise from a misconception of the stereoscopic problem. He says + (p. 557.), "for <i>distant</i> views there is in nature scarcely any + <i>stereoscopic</i> effect." Now, surely visual distance is merely visual + stereosity; for, to see an object solid is merely to see its parts in + relief, some of them appearing to project or recede from the others. It + is the difficulty of producing this effect in landscapes, by the ordinary + camera process, that renders views taken by such means so deficient in + air, or, as the artists term it, aerial perspective, most distant objects + seeming almost as near as those in the foreground. This indeed is the + main defect of all photographs: they are true representations of nature + to one eye—cyclopean pictures, as it were—appearing perfectly + stereoscopic with one eye closed, but seeming absolutely flattened when + viewed by the two eyes. I remember being shown a huge photograph of the + city of Berlin, taken from an eminence; and a more violent caricature of + nature I never set eyes upon. It was almost Chinese in its perspective: + the house-tops appeared to have been mangled. It was a wonderful work of + art, photographically considered; but artistically it was positively + hideous. But the same defect exists in <i>all</i> monophotographic + representations, though in a less degree, and consequently less apparent + than in views to which a sense of distance is essential. In portraits, + the features appear slightly flattened; and until photographers are able + to overcome this, the chief of all obstacles to perfection, it is idle to + talk of the art giving a correct rendering of nature. This is what is + wanted, more than colour, diactinic lenses, multiplication of + impressions, or anything else. And when it is remembered that the law of + an ordinary convex lens is, the farther the object from the lens the + nearer the focus, and, <i>vice versâ</i>, the nearer the object the + farther the focus, it becomes evident that by such an instrument distant + objects must be made to appear near, and near objects distant, and nature + consequently mangled.</p> + + <p>The stereoscope gives us the only demonstrably correct representation + of nature; and when that instrument is rendered more simple, and the + peep-show character of the apparatus disconnected from it, the art of + photography will transcend the productions of the painter—but not + till then.</p> + + <p>I am anxious to obtain all the information I can from such of your + photographic readers as are practically acquainted with the stereoscopic + portion of the art relative to the angles under which they find it best + to take their pictures for given distances.</p> + + <p>Mr. Fenton, the secretary of the Photographic Society, takes his + stereoscopic pictures, when the objects are 50 feet and upwards from the + camera, at 1 in 25. This is, as <span class="sc">Mr. Shadbolt</span> + states, Professor Wheatstone's rule for distances. <!-- Page 17 --><span + class="pagenum"><a name="page17"></a>{17}</span></p> + + <p><span class="sc">Mr. Wilkinson</span>, on the other hand, asserts that + 3 feet in 300 yards is sufficient separation for the cameras: this is + only 1 in 300,—a vast difference truly.</p> + + <p>"For views across the Thames," says the editor of the <i>Photographic + Journal</i>, "the cameras should be placed 12 feet apart, and with this + separation the effect is declared to be astonishing."</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Mr. Wilkinson</span>, however, asserts that from 4 to + 6 feet in a mile will do <i>well enough</i>!</p> + + <p>Farther, Mr. Latimer Clark (the inventor of an ingenious stereoscopic + camera) states that with regard to the distance between the two positions + of the cameras, he knows no good reason why the natural distance of the + eyes, viz. 2½ inches, should be much exceeded. "A little extra relief is + obtained," he adds, "without visible distortion, by increasing the + separation to about 4 or 5 inches; but if this distance be greatly + exceeded, especially for near objects (I give the gentleman's own words), + they become apparently diminished in size, and have the appearance of + models and dolls rather than natural objects."</p> + + <p>The reason for making the separation between the cameras greater than + that between the two eyes, is exceedingly simple. The stereograph is to + be looked at much <i>nearer</i> than the object itself, and consequently + is to be seen under a much larger angle than it is viewed by the two eyes + in nature. Hence the two pictures should be taken at the angle under + which they are to be observed in the stereoscope. Suppose the object to + be 50 feet distant, then of course it is seen by the two eyes under an + angle of 2½ inches in 50 feet, or 1 in 240. But it is intended that the + stereograph should be seen by the two eyes when but a few inches removed + from them, or generally under an angle of 2½ in 12 inches, or nearly 1 in + 5. Hence it is self-evident that the stereoscopic angle should be + considerably larger than that formed by the optic axes of the two eyes + when directed to the object itself.</p> + + <p>But there is great diversity of opinion as to the extent of the angles + requisite for producing the precise stereoscopic or distantial effect of + nature. For myself I prefer Professor Wheatstone's rule, 1 in 25 for + objects beyond 50 feet distant. For portraits I find the best angle 1 in + 10 when the sitter is 10 feet off, and for busts about 1 in 5 when placed + about 5 or 6 feet from the cameras. But I should be happy to receive + information from any of your readers concerning this important branch of + the photographic art. For months past I have been engaged in a series of + experiments in connexion with the subject, and wish for larger experience + than it is possible for any single operator to acquire for himself.</p> + + <p>Mr. Fenton, I may observe, does not keep the cameras parallel in + taking landscapes, but inclines them so that the same object may occupy + as nearly as possible the centre of the ground glass plate.</p> + + <p>Nor is it essential that perfect horizontality or parallelism of the + cameras should be maintained in copying trees. For buildings, however, it + is absolutely necessary that the cameras be kept straight.</p> + + <p>I am sorry thus to trespass on your space, but being anxious, as <span + class="sc">Mr. Wilkinson</span> says, to collect information from every + source, and your periodical being a happy medium for conveying and + receiving instruction, I am glad to avail myself of such a channel.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="grk">Φ</span>. (2)</p> + + <p>P.S.—Mr. Claudet has, I perceive, been awarded the prize given + by the Society of Arts for the best essay on the stereoscope. Can you, or + any of your readers, inform me whether this is likely to be published, + and when and at what price?</p> + + <p><i>Query respecting Mr. Pollock's Process.</i>—In <span + class="sc">Mr. Pollock</span>'s directions for obtaining positives which + appeared in "N. & Q." (Vol. vii, p. 581.), iodide of silver is to be + dissolved in a saturated solution of hypo. Can you give me the quantity + of iodide of silver to be dissolved, and the quantity of the saturated + solution of hypo. in which it is to be dissolved?</p> + + <p class="author">N. T. B.</p> + + <p><i>Gallo-nitrate of Silver.</i>—Can you inform me what the true + nature of the decomposition is which takes place after a short time in + the gallo-nitrate solution of silver? and if there be any ready means of + rendering the silver it contains again available for photographic + use?</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Sir W. Newton</span>, in the description of his + calotype process, says: "Bring out with the saturated solution of gallic + acid, and when the subject begins to appear, add the aceto-nitrate of + silver solution." Which way of doing this is the best,—mixing the + two solutions together and applying them to the paper; or applying the + paper, when wetted with the gallic acid, to the silver solution?</p> + + <p class="author">T. L.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Replies to Minor Queries.</h2> + + <p><i>Verney Note decyphered</i> (Vol. vii., p. 568.).—I am + extremely obliged to <span class="sc">Mr. Thompson Cooper</span> for his + decyphered rendering of Sir Ralph Verney's note of a speech or proceeding + in parliament. The note itself is not now in my possession, but I have + requested the owner to be good enough to re-collate it with the original, + and if any mistakes should appear in the copy, or the printing (which is + very likely), I will give you notice of the fact, that the doubtful words + in <span class="sc">Mr. Cooper</span>'s version may, if possible, be set + right.</p> + + <p>Students in the art of decyphering may be pleased to have the key to + the cypher recorded in <!-- Page 18 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page18"></a>{18}</span>your pages. I therefore give it you as + discovered by <span class="sc">Mr. Cooper</span>, and beg, in the + strongest way, to reiterate my thanks to that gentleman.</p> + +<table class="nobctr" summary="Verney Note cypher." title="Verney Note cypher."> +<tr><td class="qspcsingle" align="right">2, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> 3, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> 4, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> 5, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> 6, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> 7, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> 8, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> 9, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> 10, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> 11, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> 12, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> 13, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> 14, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> 15, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> 16, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> 17, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> 18, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> 20, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> 22, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> 27, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> 28.</td></tr> +<tr><td class="qspcsingle" align="right">f, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> r, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> k, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> t, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> b, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> h, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> s, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> w, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> c, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> g, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> p, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> d, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> a, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> e, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> i, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> o, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> u, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> l, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> x, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> m, </td><td class="qspcsingle" align="right"> n.</td></tr> +</table> + + <p>The cyphers (if any) for <i>j, q, y, z</i> have not been discovered, + and the numbers 1, 19, 21, 23, 24, 25, 26 remain unappropriated.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">John Bruce.</span></p> + + <p><i>Emblems by John Bunyan</i> (Vol. vii., p. 470.).—This work + which <span class="sc">Mr. Corser</span> has not met with, is in the + folio edition of his works, forming pp. 849. to 868. of vol. ii. (1768). + The plates are small woodcuts of very indifferent execution.</p> + + <p class="author">E. D.</p> + + <p><i>Mr. Cobb's Diary</i> (Vol. vii., p. 477.).—This volume was + printed solely for private distribution by the family, who also presented + their relatives and friends (amongst whom the writer was reckoned) with + another volume compiled on the decease of Francis Cobb, Esq., the husband + of Mrs. Cobb, and entitled, <i>Memoir of the late Francis Cobb, Esq., of + Margate, compiled from his Journals and Letters</i>: Maidstone, printed + by J. V. Hall and Son, Journal Office, 1835. Both of these are at the + service for perusal of your inquiring correspondent, <span + class="sc">John Martin</span>.</p> + + <p class="author">E. D.</p> + + <p>"<i>Sat cito si sat bene</i>" (Vol. vii., p. 594.).—I have not + Twiss at hand; but I think F. W. J. is mistaken in calling it a + "favourite maxim" of Lord Eldon. I remember to have heard Lord Eldon tell + the story, which was, that the Newcastle Fly, in which he came up to + town, in I forget how many days, had on its panel the motto, "Sat cito si + sat bene:" he applied it jocularly in defence of his own habits in + Chancery.</p> + + <p class="author">C.</p> + + <p><i>Mythe versus Myth</i> (Vol. vii., pp. 326. 575.).—It gives me + much pleasure to have afforded <span class="sc">Mr. Thiriold</span> an + opportunity for displaying so much learning and sagacity; but I hope he + does not imagine that he has confuted me. As I only spoke of words which, + like <span title="muthos" class="grk" + >μῦθος</span>, had a single consonant + between two vowels, such words as <i>plinth</i>, <i>labyrinth</i>, + &c. have nothing to do with the question. If <i>mythe</i>, differing + from the other examples which are to be found, happens to have <i>the</i> + for its termination, and thus resembles words of Anglo-Saxon origin, I + cannot help it, but it was formed <i>secundum artem</i>. As to <span + class="sc">Mr. Theriold</span>'s <i>mȳth</i>, unless so written and + printed, it will always be pronounced <i>mўth</i>, like the French + <i>mythe</i>.</p> + + <p>As to the <i>hybrid</i> adjectives, I only wished to avoid increasing + the number of them. The French, I believe, have only one, <i>musical</i>; + for though, like ourselves, they have made substantives of the Greek + <span title="mousikê" class="grk" + >μουσική</span> (sc. <span + title="technê" class="grk">τέχνη</span>), <span + title="phusikê" class="grk" + >φυσική</span>, &c., in all other + cases they retain the Greek form of the adjective, as in <i>physique</i>, + substantive and adjective, while we generally have pairs of adjectives, + as <i>philosophic, philosophical</i>; <i>extatic, extatical</i>; &c. + Some may think this an advantage; I do not.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Thos. Keightley.</span></p> + + <p><i>The Gilbert Family</i> (Vol. vii., p. 259).—If your + correspondent seeking genealogical information in reference to my + ancestors, calls on me, I will show him a presentation copy of <i>A + Genealogical Memoir of the Gilbert Family in Old and New England</i>, by + J. W. Thornton, LL.B., Boston, U. S., 1850, 8vo. pp. 24, only fifty + printed.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">James Gilbert.</span></p> + + <p><i>Alexander Clark</i> (Vol. vii., p. 580.).—I should feel + obliged if J. O. could find leisure to communicate to "N. & Q." some + particulars relative to Clark. He is supposed to have been the author of + a curious poem: <i>The Institution and Progress of the Buttery College of + Slains, in the Parish of Cruden, Aberdeenshire; with a Catalogue of the + Books and MSS. in the Library of that University</i>: Aberdeen, 1700. Mr. + Peter Buchan thus mentions him in his <i>Gleanings of Scarce Old + Ballads</i>:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Clark, a drunken dominie at Slains, author of a poetical dialogue + between the gardeners and tailors on the origin of their crafts, and a + most curious Latin and English poem called the 'Buttery College of + Slains,' which resembled much in language and style Drummond of + Hawthornden's 'Polemo Middino.'"</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>This poem is printed in Watson's <i>Collection of Scottish Poems</i>, + Edin. 1711; and also noticed in the <i>Edinburgh Topographical and + Antiquarian Magazine</i>, 1848, last page. I am anxious to ascertain if + the emblem writer, and the burlesque poet, be one and the same person. + The dates, I confess, are somewhat against this conclusion; but there may + have been a previous edition of the <i>Emblematical Representation</i> + (1779). The <i>University</i> Clark is supposed to have been an + Aberdeenshire man. Possibly J. O. may be able to throw some light on the + subject.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Perthensis.</span></p> + + <p><i>Christ's Cross</i> (Vol. iii., pp. 330. 465.).—In Morley's + <i>Introduction to Practical Music</i>, originally printed in 1597, and + which I quote from a reprint by William Randall, in 4to., in 1771, + eighteen mortal pages (42-59), which, in my musical ignorance, I humbly + confess to be wholly out of my line, are occupied with the "Cantus," + "Tenor," and "Bassus," to the following words:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Christes Crosse be my speed in all vertue to proceede, A, b, c, d, e, + f, g, h, i, k, l, m, n, o, p, q, r, s, & t, double w, v, x, with y, + ezod, & per se, con per se, tittle tittle est Amen, When you haue + done begin again, begin again."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author">J. F. M.</p> + +<p><!-- Page 19 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page19"></a>{19}</span></p> + + <p><i>The Rebellious Prayer</i> (Vol. vii., p. 286.).—J. A. may + find the poem, of which he quotes the opening lines, in the + <i>Churchman's Monthly Penny Magazine</i>, October, 1851, with the + signature L. E. P. The magazine is published by Wertheim & Macintosh, + 24. Paternoster Row.</p> + + <p class="author">M. E.</p> + + <p>"<i>To the Lords of Convention</i>" (Vol. vii., p. 596.).—L. + <span class="sc">Evans</span> will find the whole of the ballad of + "Bonnie Dundee," the first line of which he quotes, in Sir Walter Scott's + <i>Doom of Devorgoil</i>, where it is introduced as a song. Singularly + enough, his best ballad is thus found in his worst play.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Ficulnus.</span></p> + + <p><i>Wooden Tombs and Effigies</i> (Vol. vii., pp. 528. 607.).—In + a chapel adjoining the church of Heveningham in Suffolk, are (or rather + were in 1832) the remains of a good altar tomb, with recumbent effigies + carved in chesnut, of a knight and his lady: it appeared to be, from the + armour and architecture, of the early part of the fifteenth century; and + from the arms, <i>Quarterly or and gules within a border engrailed sable, + charged with escallops argent</i>, no doubt belonged to the ancient + family of Heveningham of that place; probably Sir John Heveningham, + knight of the shire for the county of Suffolk in the 1st of Henry IV.</p> + + <p>When I visited this tomb in 1832, it was in a most dilapidated + condition: the slab on which the effigy of the knight once rested was + broken in; within the head of the lady, which was separated from the + body, a thrush had built its nest: notwithstanding, however, the neglect + and damp to which the chapel was exposed, these chesnut effigies remained + wonderfully sound and perfect.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Spes.</span></p> + + <p>The monument to Sir Walter Traylli and his lady, in Woodford Church in + Northamptonshire, is of wood.</p> + + <p>There is a wooden effigy in Gayton Church, Northamptonshire, of a + knight templar, recumbent, in a cross-legged position, his feet resting + on an animal: over the armour is a surcoat; the helmet is close fitted to + the head, his right hand is on the hilt of his sword, a shield is on the + left arm.</p> + + <p>There is also a fine wooden effigy of Sir Hugh Bardolph in Burnham + Church in Norfolk.</p> + + <p class="author">J. B.</p> + + <p>In Fersfield Church, in Norfolk, there is a wooden figure to the + memory of Sir Robert Du Bois, Kt., ob. 1311. See Bloomfield's + <i>Norfolk</i>, vol. i. p. 68.</p> + + <p class="author">J. B.</p> + + <p><i>Lord Clarendon and the Tubwoman</i> (Vol. vii., pp. 133. 211. + 634.).—Upon reference to the story of the "tubwoman" in p. 133., it + will be seen that Mr. Hyde is distinctly stated to have himself married + the brewer's widow, and to have married her for her money. It is farther + said that Ann Hyde, the mother of Queen Mary and Queen Ann, was the only + issue of this marriage; whereas Ann Hyde had four brothers and a sister. + No allusion is made in this account to Sir Thomas Ailesbury. Your + correspondent <span class="sc">Mr. Warden</span> says, that "the story + has <i>usually</i> been told of the wife of Sir Thomas Ailesbury," and + that it may be true of her. Will he have the kindness to furnish a + reference to the version of the story in which Sir Thomas Ailesbury is + said to have married the tubwoman?</p> + + <p class="author">L.</p> + + <p><i>House-marks</i> (Vol. vii., p. 594.).—I do not know whether + <span class="grk">α</span>. recollects the frequent occurrence of + <i>marks</i> upon sheep in this country. Although I have often seen them, + I cannot just now describe one accurately. Some sheep passed my house + yesterday which were marked with a <i>cross</i> within a circle.</p> + + <p>Riding with a friend, a miller, in Essex, about thirteen years ago, he + jumped out of the gig and over a gate, to seize a sack which was lying in + a field. Seeing no initials upon it, I asked how he knew that it was his; + when he pointed out to me a fish marked upon it, which he told me had + been his own and his father's mark for many years. He also said that most + of the millers in the neighbourhood had a peculiar <i>mark</i> (not their + names or initials), each a different one for his own sacks.</p> + + <p class="author">A. J. N.</p> + + <p class="address">Birmingham.</p> + + <p>"<i>Amentium haud amantium</i>" (Vol. vii., p. 595.).—Your + correspondent's Query sent me at once to a queer old <i>Terence in + English</i>, together with the text, "<i>operâ ac industriâ R. B., in + Axholmensi insulâ, Lincolnsherii Epwortheatis</i>. [London, Printed by + John Legatt, and are to be sold by Andrew Crooke, at the sign of the + Green-Dragon, in Paul's Church Yard. 1641.] 6th Edition."</p> + + <p>Here, as I expected, I found an alliterative translation of the phase + in question "For they are fare as they were <i>lunaticke, and not + love-sicke</i>."</p> + + <p>The translation, I may add, is in prose.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Oxoniensis.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Walthamstow.</p> + + <p><i>The Megatherium in the British Museum</i> (Vol. vii., p. + 590.).—It is much to be regretted that <span class="sc">A Foreign + Surgeon</span> should not have examined the contents of the room which + contains the cast of the skeleton of this animal with a little more + attention, before he penned the above article. Had he done so, he would + have found many of the original bones, from casts of which the restored + skeleton has been constructed, in Wall Cases 9 and 10, and would not have + fallen into the error of supposing that it is a <i>fac-simile</i> of the + original skeleton at Madrid. <i>That</i> specimen was exhumed near Buenos + Ayres in 1789; whilst our restoration <!-- Page 20 --><span + class="pagenum"><a name="page20"></a>{20}</span>has been made from bones + of another individual, many of which are, as I have stated, to be found + in the British Museum itself, and others in that of the Royal College of + Surgeons. I are not about to defend the propriety of putting the trunk of + a palm-tree into the claws of the Megatherium, though I do not suppose + that the restorer ever expected, when he did so, that any one would + entertain the idea that this gigantic beast was in the habit of climbing + trees; but I would fain ask your correspondent on what grounds he makes + the dogmatic assertion that "Palms there were none, at that period of + telluric formation." I will simply remind him of the vast numbers of + fossil fruits, and other remains of palms, in the London clay of the Isle + of Sheppey.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">W. J. Bernhard Smith.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Temple.</p> + + <p><i>Pictorial Proverbs</i> (Vol. v., p. 559.).—Perhaps the book + here mentioned is one of the old German <i>Narrenbuchs</i>, or <i>Book of + Fools</i>, which were generally illustrated with pictures, of which I + have a curious set in my possession.</p> + + <p>Can any of your correspondents give some account of the nature and + merits of these books? Are any of them worth translating at the present + day? The one from which my pictures were taken has the title <i>Mala + Gallina, malum Ovum</i>, and was published at Vienna and Nuremburg. It + seems to have been a satire on the female sex; but the text, I am sorry + to say, is not in my possession.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">H. T. Riley.</span></p> + + <p><i>"Hurrah," and other War-cries</i> (Vol. vii., p. 596.).—The + following passage (which I find in my notes with the reference + <i>Ménagiana</i>, vol. ii. p. 328.) may partially assist your + correspondent <span class="sc">Cape</span>:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Le cri des anciens Comtes d'Anjou étoit <i>Rallie</i>. En voici + l'origine. Eude II., Comte de Blois, marchant avec une armée considérable + contre Foulke Nerra, Comte d'Anjou, ces deux princes se rencontrèrent à + Pontlevoi sur le Cher, où ils se livrèrent bataille le 6 Juillet, 1016. + Foulke eut d'abord quelque désavantage; mais Herbert, Comte du Maine (dit + <i>Eveillechien</i>), étant venu à son secours, il rallia ses troupes, + and défit absolument, &c. Depuis ce temps-là le cri des anciens + Comtes d'Anjou étoit <i>Rallie</i>. Et à ce propos je vous rapporterai ce + qu'en dit Maître Vace, surnommé <i>le Clerc de Caen</i>, dans son Roman + de Normandie:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg1">'François crie <i>Montjoye</i>, et Normans <i>Dex-aye</i>:</p> + <p>Flamands crie <i>Aras</i>, et Angevin <i>Rallie</i>:</p> + <p>Et li cuens Thiebaut <i>Chartre</i> et <i>Passavant</i> crie.'"</p> + </div> + </div> + +</blockquote> + + <p>This last cry is not unlike the Irish "Faugh-a-Ballagh" in + signification.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. H. Leresche.</span></p> + + <p class="address">Manchester.</p> + + <p>The following extracts from Sir Francis Palgrave's <i>History of + Normandy and England</i>, vol. i. p. 696., explain the origin of the word + "Hurrah," respecting which one of your correspondents inquires:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"It was a 'wise custom' in Normandy, established by Rollo's decree, + that whoever sustained, or feared to sustain, any damage of goods or + chattels, life or limb, was entitled to raise the country by the cry of + <i>haro</i>, or <i>haron</i>, upon which cry all the lieges were bound to + join in pursuit of the offender,—<i>Haron! Ha Raoul!</i> justice + invoked in Duke Rollo's name. Whoever failed to aid, made fine to the + sovereign; whilst a heavier mulct was consistently inflicted upon the + mocker who raised the <i>clameur de haro</i> without due and sufficient + cause, a disturber of the commonwealth's tranquillity.</p> + + <p>"The <i>clameur de haro</i> is the English system of 'hue and cry.' + The old English exclamation <i>Harrow!</i> our national vernacular + <i>Hurrah!</i> being only a variation thereof, is identical with the + supposed invocation of the Norman chieftain; and the usage, suggested by + common sense, prevailed under various modifications throughout the + greater part of the Pays Coutumier of France."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author">A. M. S.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Miscellaneous.</h2> + +<h3>NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC.</h3> + + <p>Among the books which we have for some time intended to bring under + the notice of our readers is a new and cheaper edition of <i>The Coin + Collector's Manual, or Guide to the Numismatic Student in the Formation + of a Cabinet of Coins: comprising an Historical and Critical Account of + the Origin and Progress of Coinage, from the Earliest Period to the Fall + of the Roman Empire; with some Account of the Coinages of Modern Europe, + more especially of Great Britain, by</i> H. Noel Humphreys: and we have + been the more anxious to do this, because, except among professed + collectors, greater ignorance probably exists on the subject of coins, + their date, value, &c., than upon any other subject with which + educated people are supposed to possess some acquaintance. Yet there are + few numismatic questions likely to occur which ordinary readers would not + be enabled to solve by a reference to these two little volumes, enriched + as it is with numerous illustrations; especially if they would place + beside them Akerman's most useful <i>Numismatic Manual</i>.</p> + + <p>We are indebted to Mr. Murray for two volumes which will be among the + pleasant additions to the cheap books of the month, namely, the new + volume, being the fourth of the reprint, of Lord Mahon's <i>History of + England to the Peace of Versailles</i>, which comprises the interval + between the Peace of Aix-la-Chapelle and that of Hubertsburg; and in the + <i>Railway Reading</i>, for half-a-crown! the fourth edition of + Lockhart's spirited translations of <i>Ancient Spanish Ballads, + Historical and Romantic</i>. Thanks, Mr. Murray, thanks!</p> + + <p>That Mr. De la Motte, who is so well known as an accomplished + draughtsman, should turn his attention to photography, is no slight + testimony to the value of the art. That he has become a master in it, may + be seen by one glance at his own works on the walls of his Photographic + Gallery. The beginner may therefore receive with confidence the results + of that gentleman's experience; and <i>The Practice of Photography, a + Manual for Students and Amateurs</i>, just published by him, will <!-- + Page 21 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page21"></a>{21}</span>be found + a most useful and instructive companion to every one who is now + contemplating an excursion, armed with a camera, for the purpose of + securing for the gratification of his friends truthful records of his + wanderings. Mr. De la Motte wisely confines his instruction to the paper + and glass processes; his details on these are clear and minute, and the + book is well worth the money for those pages of it alone which are + devoted to the "Chemicals used in Photography."</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Books Received.</span>—<i>On the Archaic Mode + of expressing Numbers in English, Saxon, Friesic, &c.</i>, by E. + Thomson, Esq.; a learned and ingenious tract, written originally for + insertion in "N. & Q.," but which fact ought not to prevent our + speaking of it in the terms which it deserves.—<i>A Few Words in + Reply to the Animadversions of the Rev. Mr. Dyce on Mr. Hunter's + "Disquisition on the Tempest," 1839, and his "New Illustrations of the + Life, Studies, and Writings of Shakspeare," 1845, &c.</i> A short but + interesting contribution to Shakspearian criticism, by one who has + already done good service in the same cause. If we cannot agree with Mr. + Hunter in all that he seeks to establish, we can admire his knowledge of + Elizabethan literature, and appreciate the spirit in which he + writes.—<i>The Antiquary.</i> This is the first number of a small + work consisting of reprints of proclamations, curious advertisements from + early newspapers, and such odd matters as paint more forcibly than the + gravest historian, the colours of the times.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h3>BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES WANTED TO PURCHASE.</h3> + + <p><span class="sc">The Complaynts of Scotland.</span> 8vo. Edited by + Leyden. 1804.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Shakspeare's Plays.</span> Vol. V. of Johnson and + Steeven's edition, in 15 vols. 8vo. 1739.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Circle of the Seasons.</span> 12mo. London, 1828. + (Two Copies.)</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Jones' Account of Aberystwith.</span> Trevecka, 8vo. + 1779.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">M. C. H. Broemel's Fest-Tanzen der Ersten + Christen.</span> Jena, 1705.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Cooper's Account of Public Records.</span> 8vo. 1832. + Vol. I.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Passionael efte dat Levent der Heiligen.</span> + Basil, 1522.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Lord Lansdowne's Works.</span> Vol. I. Tonson, + 1736.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">James Baker's Picturesque Guide to the Local Beauties + of Wales.</span> Vol. I. 4to. 1794.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Webster's Dictionary.</span> Vol. II. 4to. 1832.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Walker's Particles.</span> 8vo. old calf, 1683.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Warner's Sermons.</span> 2 Vols. Longman, about + 1818.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Author's Printing and Publishing Assistant.</span> + 12mo., cloth, 1842.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Sanders' History of Shenstone in + Staffordshire.</span> J. Nichols, London. 1794. Two Copies.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Herbert's Carolina Threnodia.</span> 8vo. 1702.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Theobald's Shakspeare Restored.</span> 4to. 1726.</p> + + <p>*** <i>Correspondents sending Lists of Books Wanted are requested to + send their names.</i></p> + + <p>*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, <i>carriage + free</i>, to be sent to <span class="sc">Mr. Bell</span>, Publisher of + "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Notices to Correspondents.</h2> + + <p><span class="sc">Our Eighth Volume.</span> <i>We avail ourselves of + the opportunity afforded by the commencement of a new Volume, to state + that our attention has been called to the sharp and somewhat personal + tone of several of the recent contributions to "N. & Q.," and which, + we are reminded, is the more striking from the marked absence of anything + of that character in our earlier Volumes. We are perhaps ourselves + somewhat to blame for this, from our strong indisposition to exercise our + editorial privilege of omission. Our notice of the subject will, we are + sure, be sufficient to satisfy our contributors of the inconvenience + which must result to themselves as well as to us from the indulgence in + too great license of the pen. We know that when men write</i> currente + calamo, <i>words and phrases are apt to escape, the full application of + which is not observed, until, as Charles Lamb said, "print proves it;" + but being conscious that, when treating on the subjects with which we + deal, no one would willingly write anything with design to give offence, + we shall in future "play the tyrant" on all such occasions with more + vigilance than we have done.</i></p> + + <p>L. K. <i>The lines</i>—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Worth makes the man, the want of it the fellow;</p> + <p>The rest is all but leather and prunello."</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p><i>are from Pope's</i> Essay on Man, <i>Ep. IV.</i> 203. <i>See some + curious illustrations of them in our</i> First Volume, pp. 246. 362. + &c.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Blackamoor</span> <i>will find the</i> Cyanogen Soap, + <i>manufactured by Thomas, excellent for removing Photographic stains. It + is, however, to be used with care, being</i> poisonous.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Albert.</span> <i>The history of the + phrase</i>—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Quem Deus vult perdere,"</p> + </div> + </div> + + <p><i>will be seen in our</i> First Volume, pp. 347. 351. 421. 476.; + <i>and</i> Second Volume, p. 317.</p> + + <p>I. G. T. <i>Gooseberry</i> Fool <i>is the same as pressed or crushed + gooseberries, from the French</i> fouler, <i>to press, tread, + &c.</i></p> + + <p><span class="sc">Sir F. Madden</span>'s paper, Was Thomas Lord + Lyttelton the Author of Junius's Letters? <i>is unavoidably postponed + until next week.</i></p> + + <p><i>Replies to our numerous</i> <span class="sc">Photographic + Querists</span> <i>in our next.</i></p> + + <p><i>The</i> Index <i>to our</i> <span class="sc">Seventh Volume</span> + <i>will be ready on Saturday the 16th.</i></p> + + <p><i>A few complete sets of</i> "<span class="sc">Notes and + Queries</span>," Vols. i. <i>to</i> vi., <i>price Three Guineas, may now + be had; for which early application is desirable.</i></p> + + <p>"<span class="sc">Notes and Queries</span>" <i>is published at noon on + Friday, so that the Country Booksellers may receive Copies in that + night's parcels, and deliver them to their Subscribers on the + Saturday.</i></p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">This day is published, price 5<i>s.</i>; or, post free, +5<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> + + <p>DICKSON AND MOWBRAY ON POULTRY, edited by MRS. LOUDON, with numerous + beautiful illustrations by Harvey (including the Cochin-China Fowl). Post + 8vo.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">HENRY G. BOHN, 4, 5, & 6. York Street,<br /> +Covent Garden.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>MILLER'S FLY-LEAVES is the Literary and Supplemental Portion of his + LONDON LIBRARIAN. The most extensive Sheet CATALOGUE OF OLD BOOKS + published, announcing Monthly for Sale, 1000 CHEAP BOOKS, in all + departments of useful and entertaining, as well as scarce and uncommon, + Literature. No Book Collector or Librarian should fail to be a + Subscriber. It is published about the 21st of each Month, containing 24 + pages of letter-press, price 2<i>d.</i>, stamped for post, 3<i>d.</i> + Annual subscription, 3<i>s.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">JOHN MILLER, 43. Chandos Street,<br /> +Trafalgar Square.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead"><span class="sc">Bohn's Standard Library for July.</span></p> + + <p>MILTON'S PROSE WORKS, Vol. V., containing the Conclusion of THE + CHRISTIAN DOCTRINE, translated and edited by the BISHOP OF WINCHESTER. + With a General Index to the five vols. Post 8vo. cloth. 3<i>s.</i> + 6<i>d.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">HENRY G. BOHN, 4, 5, & 6. York Street,<br /> +Covent Garden.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead"><span class="sc">Bohn's Classical Library for July.</span></p> + + <p>ARISTOTLE'S ORGANON, or, LOGICAL TREATISES, with the INTRODUCTION OF + PORPHYRY literally translated, with Notes, Analysis, Introduction, and + Index, by the REV. O. F. OWEN, M.A. 2 vols. post 8vo. 3<i>s.</i> + 6<i>d.</i> per volume.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">HENRY G. BOHN, 4, 5, & 6. York Street,<br /> +Covent Garden.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead"><span class="sc">Bohn's Illustrated Library for July.</span></p> + + <p>CHINA, PICTORIAL, DESCRIPTIVE, and HISTORICAL, with some Account of + AVA and the BURMESE, SIAM and ANNAM. Illustrated by nearly one hundred + fine engravings on wood. Post 8vo. cloth. 5<i>s.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">HENRY G. BOHN, 4, 5, & 6. York Street,<br /> +Covent Garden.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead"><span class="sc">Bohn's Antiquarian Library for July.</span></p> + + <p>MATTHEW OF WESTMINSTER'S FLOWERS OF HISTORY, especially such as relate + to the affairs of Britain, from the beginning of the world to <span + class="scac">A.D.</span> 1307 Translated by C. D. Yonge, B.A. In 2 vols. + post 8vo. cloth. 5<i>s.</i> per volume.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">HENRY G. BOHN, 4, 5, & 6. York Street,<br /> +Covent Garden.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p><!-- Page 22 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page22"></a>{22}</span></p> + +<p class="cenhead">THE NEW AND IMPROVED EDITION OF</p> + +<h3>BURKE'S PEERAGE AND BARONETAGE FOR 1853</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">IS NOW READY,</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>In 1 vol. royal 8vo., comprising as much matter as twenty ordinary + volumes, with 1,500 accurate Engravings of Arms. Price 38<i>s.</i> + bound.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>This new and thoroughly revised edition has engaged the author's + closest attention for a considerable time. Every line of its voluminous + contents has been tested by the most minute research, and every page has + been submitted to the members of the various noble and eminent families + themselves. Much additional information of the deepest interest has thus + been obtained. The collateral branches, too, have been fully investigated + and inserted. In addition, great improvements have been made in the + Heraldic Illustrations, and arrangement of the printing, &c.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">Also just published,</p> + +<h3>BURKE'S LANDED GENTRY, CORRECTED FOR 1853,</h3> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>In 2 large vols., including the Supplement, printed in double columns + (equal in quantity to thirty ordinary volumes). Price 2<i>l.</i> + 2<i>s.</i> bound, with a separate Index, gratis, of all the names + (upwards of 100,000) mentioned in the Work.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>The great expense attending the production of this important and truly + national Work will preclude its being again printed in so extended and + comprehensive a form, and the present opportunity will consequently be + the only one afforded for obtaining it.</p> + +<h3>EVELYN'S DIARY AND CORRESPONDENCE.</h3> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>New Edition, with numerous Additions and Original Letters, now first + published, and a copious Index. Complete in 4 volumes, 10<i>s.</i> + 6<i>d.</i> each.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>"This very excellent edition of Evelyn's famous 'Diary' furnishes us + with much interesting correspondence never before published. These + volumes will be treasures to those who delight in genuine curiosities of + literature, while to the student of history they will be invaluable. The + work is a necessary companion to the popular histories of our + country—to Hume, Hallam, Macaulay, and + Lingard."—<i>Sun.</i></p> + +<h3>HORACE WALPOLE'S MEMOIRS.</h3> + + <p>Edited by ELIOT WARBURTON. Cheaper Edition, 2 vols. 8vo. with + Portraits, 16<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>"The Memoirs of Horace Walpole nearly complete the chain of personal, + political, and literary history, commencing with Evelyn and Pepys, and + ending almost in our own day with the histories of Mr. Macaulay and Lord + Mahon. The work is a necessary addition to the library of every English + gentleman."—<i>Standard.</i></p> + + <p>Published for HENRY COLBURN, by his Successors, HURST & BLACKETT, + 13. Great Marlborough Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>FREEMASON'S QUARTERLY MAGAZINE. Contents of the Number for + JULY:—Engraving of the Royal Freemasons' Girls' School; The + Increase of Freemasonry; On Benefit Societies, by the Rev. T. A. Buckley; + Episodes in the Life of a Freemason; The Countess and the Serf, by Miss + Pardoe; The Knights of St. Helen's; On Symbols and Symbolism; A Relic of + the Pretender; Eleanora Ulfeld; The Prison Flower, by Miss Pardoe; Olden + Holiday Customs; Si j'étais Roi; Correspondence. Masonic + Intelligence:—Supreme Grand Chapter of Royal Arch Masons of + England; United Grand Lodge; Grand Conclave of Masonic Knights Templar; + The Ancient and Accepted Rite; Royal Freemasons' Girls' School; Royal + Masonic Benevolent Institution; Metropolitan; Provincial; Scotland; + Colonial. Interesting Discovery at Jerusalem. Obituary. Notices to + Correspondents.</p> + + <p>The Third Number will be published on the 30th of September.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">ROUTLEDGE & CO., Farringdon Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>IRISH EDUCATIONAL BOOKS.—NOTICE is hereby given, That from and + after the 4th July next, the SCHOOL BOOKS used by the COMMISSIONERS OF + NATIONAL EDUCATION IN IRELAND, may be obtained from the Office, Merrion + Street, Dublin, for Ready Money only, by the Trade (and by Private + Persons ordering them in quantities of the value of 10<i>l.</i> and + upwards), at the under mentioned Prices.</p> + + <p>From the above date the Commissioners will supply no books, except to + the Irish National Schools.</p> + +<table class="nobctr" summary="Irish Educational Books." title="Irish Educational Books."> +<tr><td> </td><td> <i>s.</i> <i>d.</i></td></tr> +<tr><td> First Book of Lessons </td><td> 0 0½</td></tr> +<tr><td> Second ditto </td><td> 0 3</td></tr> +<tr><td> Sequel to Second Book, No. 1. </td><td> 0 3</td></tr> +<tr><td> Ditto ditto, No. 2. </td><td> 0 3</td></tr> +<tr><td> Fourth Book of Lessons </td><td> 0 7</td></tr> +<tr><td> Supplement to Fourth Book </td><td> 0 8</td></tr> +<tr><td> Fifth Book of Lessons </td><td> 0 7</td></tr> +<tr><td> Girl's Reading Book </td><td> 0 7</td></tr> +<tr><td> Biographical Sketches of British Poets </td><td> 0 9</td></tr> +<tr><td> Selections from British Poets. Vol. I. </td><td> 0 8</td></tr> +<tr><td> Ditto ditto, Vol. II. </td><td> 0 9</td></tr> +<tr><td> Introduction to the Art of Reading </td><td> 0 5</td></tr> +<tr><td> English Grammar </td><td> 0 3</td></tr> +<tr><td> Key to ditto </td><td> 0 0½</td></tr> +<tr><td> Third Book of Lessons </td><td> 0 6</td></tr> +<tr><td> First Arithmetic </td><td> 0 3</td></tr> +<tr><td> Key to ditto </td><td> 0 3</td></tr> +<tr><td> Arithmetic in Theory and Practice </td><td> 0 7</td></tr> +<tr><td> Book Keeping </td><td> 0 4</td></tr> +<tr><td> Key to ditto </td><td> 0 3</td></tr> +<tr><td> Epitome of Geography </td><td> 0 10</td></tr> +<tr><td> Compendium of ditto </td><td> 0 3</td></tr> +<tr><td> Elements of Geometry </td><td> 0 3</td></tr> +<tr><td> Mensuration </td><td> 0 5</td></tr> +<tr><td> Appendix to ditto </td><td> 0 4</td></tr> +<tr><td> Scripture Lessons, Old Testament, No. 1. </td><td> 0 4</td></tr> +<tr><td> Ditto ditto, No. 2. </td><td> 0 4</td></tr> +<tr><td> Ditto New Testament, No. 1. </td><td> 0 4</td></tr> +<tr><td> Ditto ditto, No. 2. </td><td> 0 4</td></tr> +<tr><td> Sacred Poetry </td><td> 0 1</td></tr> +<tr><td> Lessons on Truth of Christianity </td><td> 0 2</td></tr> +<tr><td> Agricultural Class Book </td><td> 0 6</td></tr> +<tr><td> Farm Account Book </td><td> 1 2</td></tr> +<tr><td> Treatise on Needlework </td><td> 1 7</td></tr> +</table> + + <p>Stationery Office, 27th May, 1853.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>THE GENTLEMAN'S MAGAZINE for JULY, 1853, being the First of a New + Volume, contains:—1. Memoirs of Thomas Moore. 2. Wanderings of an + Antiquary, from York to Godmanham (with Engravings). 3. Female Novelists. + 4. Political Caricature, temp. Charles I. 5. A Midland Town (Leicester) + in the Reign of George III., and Mr. Gardiner's Anecdotes of T. Moore. 6. + Historical Notes on the Retaining of Counsel. 7. Roman Antiquities found + at Kingsholm, near Gloucester. 8. Remains of Norman Cross at Birstall, + co. York (with an Engraving). 9. The Bourne Stream near Croydon. 10. Dr. + Guest on the Etymology of Stonehenge. Correspondence of Sylvanus Urban: + The Itinerary of Richard of Cirencester.—The Roches and Viscounty + of Fermoy.—Recent repairs of Lambeth Church.—Early state of + St. James's Park.—Postmen, temp. Charles I., &c. &c. With + Notes of the Month, Reviews of New Publications, Historical Chronicle, + and <span class="sc">Obituary</span>, including Memoirs of the Earl of + Ducie, Lord Dacre, Sir John Hope, Bart., Sir Charles A. Elton, Bart., + Lt.-Gen. Sir R. Arbuthnot, Vice-Adm. Sir F. Mason, Sir Richard B. Comyn, + Culling C. Smith, Esq., J. L. Dampier, Esq., Ludwig Tieck, &c. Price + 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">NICHOLS & SONS, 25. Parliament Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">The Twenty-eighth Edition.</p> + + <p>NEUROTONICS, or the Art of Strengthening the Nerves, containing + Remarks on the influence of the Nerves upon the Health of Body and Mind, + and the means of Cure for Nervousness, Debility, Melancholy, and all + Chronic Diseases, by DR. NAPIER, M.D. London: HOULSTON & STONEMAN. + Price 4<i>d.</i>, or Post Free from the Author for Five Penny Stamps.</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"We can conscientiously recommend 'Neurotonics,' by Dr. Napier, to the + careful perusal of our invalid reader."—<i>John Bull Newspaper, + June</i> 5, 1852.</p> + +</blockquote> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">MURRAY'S MODERN COOKERY BOOK.</p> + +<p class="cenhead"><span class="sc">New and Cheaper Edition.</span></p> + + <p>Now ready, an entirely New, Revised, and Cheaper Edition, with 100 + Woodcuts. Post 8vo., 5<i>s.</i>, bound.</p> + + <p>MODERN DOMESTIC COOKERY. Founded upon Principles of Economy and + Practical Knowledge, and adapted for the Use of Private Families.</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"A collection of plain receipts, adapted to the service of families. + in which the table is supplied, with a regard to economy as well as + comfort and elegance."—<i>Morning Post.</i></p> + + <p>"Unquestionably the most complete guide to the culinary department of + domestic economy that has yet been given to the world."—<i>John + Bull.</i></p> + + <p>"A new edition, with a great many new receipts, that have stood the + test of <i>family</i> experience, and numerous editorial and + typographical improvements throughout."—<i>Spectator.</i></p> + + <p>"Murray's 'Cookery Book' claims to rank as a new + work."—<i>Literary Gazette.</i></p> + + <p>"The best work extant on the subject for an ordinary + household."—<i>Atlas.</i></p> + + <p>"As a complete collection of useful directions clothed in perspicuous + language, this can scarcely be surpassed."—<i>Economist.</i></p> + + <p>"Full of sage instruction and advice, not only on the economical and + gastronomic materials, but on subjects of domestic management in + general."—<i>Builder.</i></p> + + <p>"We may heartily and safely commend to English housewifery this + cookery book. It tells plainly what plain folks wish to know, and points + out how an excellent dinner may be best + secured."—<i>Express.</i></p> + +</blockquote> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">NOW READY,</p> + + <p>The most extraordinary Work of the Season,</p> + + <p>THE ADVENTURES OF A LADY IN TARTARY, THIBET, CHINA, and KASHMIR; + through portions of territory never before visited by European. With an + Account of the Journey from the Punjab to Bombay Overland, via the famous + Caves of Ajunta and Ellora. Also, an Account of the Mahalleshwur and + Neilgherry Mountains, the Sanataria of the Bombay and Madras + Presidencies. With Engravings, Portraits and Maps. In Three thick Vols., + post 8vo., price 37<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">II.</p> + + <p>AGNES MAYNARD; or, Dreams and Realities. By the Authoress of "The + Garden in the Wilderness," &c. One Vol. post 8vo., price 10<i>s.</i> + 6<i>d.</i> Ready on Monday at all the Libraries.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">III.</p> + + <p>ROSA ST. ORME, and OTHER TALES. By MRS. LOCKE. One Vol., post 8vo., + price 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> Ready on the 1st at all the Libraries.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">IV.</p> + + <p>MUCH ADO ABOUT NOTHING; or, the Religion of England staked on the + Opening or Shutting of the Crystal Palace on Sundays. A Farce, in many + Acts. By A CLERGYMAN of the CHURCH of ENGLAND. Price 1<i>s.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">V.</p> + + <p>CONVICTS and COLONIES; Thoughts on Transportation and Colonisation, + with reference to the Islands and Mainland of Northern Australia. By + G. S. MORRIS, B.A., Vicar of Bretforton, Worcestershire, formerly one of + Her Majesty's Chaplains in the island of Van Diemen's Land. Price + 2<i>s.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">VI.</p> + + <p>IMPORTANT to AUTHORS.—New Publishing Arrangements.—HOPE + & CO., Publishers, 16. Great Marlborough Street, London, have + resolved to charge no commission for publishing Works printed by them, + until the Author has been refunded his original outlay. They would also + state that they print, in the first style, greatly under the usual + charges; while their publishing arrangements enable them to promote the + interest of all Works intrusted to their charge. Estimates and every + particular furnished gratuitously in course of post.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p><!-- Page 23 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page23"></a>{23}</span></p> + + <p>PHOTOGRAPHIC PICTURES.—A Selection of the above beautiful + Productions (comprising Views in VENICE, PARIS, RUSSIA, NUBIA, &c.) + may be seen at BLAND & LONG'S, 153. Fleet Street, where may also be + procured Apparatus of every Description, and pure Chemicals for the + practice of Photography in all its Branches.</p> + + <p>Calotype, Daguerreotype, and Glass Pictures for the Stereoscope.</p> + + <p>*** Catalogues may be had on application.</p> + + <p>BLAND & LONG, Opticians, Philosophical and Photographical + Instrument Makers, and Operative Chemists, 153. Fleet Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>Just published, price 1<i>s.</i>, free by Post 1<i>s.</i> + 4<i>d.</i>,</p> + + <p>THE WAXED-PAPER PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESS of GUSTAVE LE GRAY'S NEW EDITION. + Translated from the French.</p> + + <p>Sole Agents in the United Kingdom for VOIGHTLANDER & SON'S + celebrated Lenses for Portraits and Views.</p> + + <p>General Depôt for Turner's, Whatman's, Canson Frères', La Croix, and + other Talbotype Papers.</p> + + <p>Pure Photographic Chemicals.</p> + + <p>Instructions and Specimens in every Branch of the Art.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">GEORGE KNIGHT & SONS, Foster Lane, +London.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>PHOTOGRAPHY.—Collodion (Iodized with the Ammonio-Iodide of + Silver).—J. B. HOCKIN & CO., Chemists, 289. Strand, were the + first in England who published the application of this agent (see + <i>Athenæum</i>, Aug. 14th). Their Collodion (price 9<i>d.</i> per oz.) + retains its extraordinary sensitiveness, tenacity, and colour unimpaired + for months: it may be exported to any climate, and the Iodizing Compound + mixed as required. J. B. HOCKIN & CO. manufacture PURE CHEMICALS and + all APPARATUS with the latest Improvements adapted for all the + Photographic and Daguerreotype processes. Cameras for Developing in the + open Country. GLASS BATHS adapted to any Camera. Lenses from the best + Makers. Waxed and Iodized Papers, &c.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>PHOTOGRAPHIC PAPER.—Negative and Positive Papers of Whatman's, + Turner's, Sanford's, and Canson Frères' make. Waxed-Paper for Le Gray's + Process. Iodized and Sensitive Paper for every kind of Photography.</p> + + <p>Sold by JOHN SANFORD, Photographic Stationer, Aldine Chambers, 13. + Paternoster Row, London.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>PHOTOGRAPHIC APPARATUS MANUFACTORY, Charlotte Terrace, Barnsbury Road, + Islington.</p> + + <p>T. OTTEWILL (from Horne & Co.'s) begs most respectfully to call + the attention of Gentlemen, Tourists, and Photographers, to the + superiority of his newly registered DOUBLE-BODIED FOLDING CAMERAS, + possessing the efficiency and ready adjustment of the Sliding Camera, + with the portability and convenience of the Folding Ditto.</p> + + <p>Every description of Apparatus to order.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>PHOTOGRAPHY.—HORNE & CO.'S Iodized Collodion, for obtaining + Instantaneous Views, and Portraits in from three to thirty seconds, + according to light.</p> + + <p>Portraits obtained by the above, for delicacy of detail rival the + choicest Daguerreotypes, specimens of which may be seen at their + Establishment.</p> + + <p>Also every description of Apparatus, Chemicals, &c. &c. used + in this beautiful Art.—123. and 121. Newgate Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h3>CLERICAL, MEDICAL, AND GENERAL +LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY.</h3> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<p class="cenhead">Established 1824.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + + <p>FIVE BONUSES have been declared: at the last in January, 1852, the sum + of 131,125<i>l.</i> was added to the Policies, producing a Bonus varying + with the different ages from 24½ to 55 per cent. on the Premiums paid + during the five years, or from 5<i>l.</i> to 12<i>l.</i> 10<i>s.</i> per + cent. on the Sum Assured.</p> + + <p>The small share of Profit divisible in future among the Shareholders + being now provided for, the ASSURED will hereafter derive all the + benefits obtainable from a Mutual Office, WITHOUT ANY LIABILITY OR RISK + OF PARTNERSHIP.</p> + + <p>POLICIES effected before the 30th June next, will be entitled, at the + next Division, to one year's additional share of Profits over later + Assurers.</p> + + <p>On Assurances for the whole of Life only one half of the Premiums need + be paid for the first five years.</p> + + <p>INVALID LIVES may be Assured at rates proportioned to the risk.</p> + + <p>Claims paid <i>thirty</i> days after proof of death, and all Policies + are <i>Indisputable</i> except in cases of fraud.</p> + + <p>Tables of Rates and forms of Proposal can be obtained of any of the + Society's Agents, or of</p> + + <p class="author">GEORGE H. PINCKARD, Resident Secretary.</p> + + <p class="address">99. <i>Great Russell Street, Bloomsbury, London.</i></p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h3>WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE +AND ANNUITY SOCIETY.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">Founded A.D. 1842.</p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<p class="cenhead"><i>Directors.</i></p> + + +<table class="nobctr" summary="directors" title="directors"> + <tr> + <td class="rightbsing" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> + <p>H. E. Bicknell, Esq.<br /> + T. S. Cocks, Jun. Esq., M.P.<br /> + G. H. Drew, Esq.<br /> + W. Evans, Esq.<br /> + W. Freeman, Esq.<br /> + F. Fuller, Esq.<br /> + J. H. Goodhart, Esq.</p> + + </td> + <td class="hspcsingle" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> + <p>T. Grissell, Esq.<br /> + J. Hunt, Esq.<br /> + J. A. Lethbridge, Esq.<br /> + E. Lucas, Esq.<br /> + J. Lys Seager, Esq.<br /> + J. B. White, Esq.<br /> + J. Carter Wood, Esq.</p> + + </td> + </tr> +</table> + +<p class="cenhead"><i>Trustees.</i>—W. Whateley, Esq., Q.C.; George Drew, Esq., T. Grissell, Esq.<br /> +<i>Physician.</i>—William Rich. Basham, M.D.<br /> +<i>Bankers.</i>—Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">VALUABLE PRIVILEGE.</p> + + <p>POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary + difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application + to suspend the payment at interest, according to the conditions detailed + in the Prospectus.</p> + + <p>Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100<i>l.</i>, with a Share + in three-fourths of the Profits:—</p> + +<table width="35%" class="nobctr" summary="Specimens of Rates" title="Specimens of Rates"> +<tr> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left; width:28%">Age</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>£</i></td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>s.</i></td> +<td class="rightbsing" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>d.</i></td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left; width:28%">Age</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>£</i></td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>s.</i></td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>d.</i></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> 17</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">1</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">14</td> +<td class="rightbsing" style="text-align:right">4</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> 32</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">2</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">10</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">8</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> 22</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">1</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">18</td> +<td class="rightbsing" style="text-align:right">8</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> 37</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">2</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">18</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">6</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> 27</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">2</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">4</td> +<td class="rightbsing" style="text-align:right">5</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:left"> 42</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">3</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">8</td> +<td class="hspcsingle" style="text-align:right">2</td> +</tr></table> + +<p class="cenhead">ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary.</p> + + <p>Now ready, price 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>, Second Edition, with material + additions, INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION: being a TREATISE ON + BENEFIT BUILDING SOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of Land + Investment, exemplified in the Cases of Freehold Land Societies, Building + Companies, &c. With a Mathematical Appendix on Compound Interest and + Life Assurance. By ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life + Assurance Society, 3. Parliament Street, London.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h3>GILBERT J. FRENCH,</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">BOLTON, LANCASHIRE,</p> + + <p>RESPECTFULLY informs the Clergy, Architects, and Churchwardens, that + he replies immediately to all applications by letter, for information + respecting his Manufactures in CHURCH FURNITURE, ROBES, COMMUNION LINEN, + &c., &c., supplying full information as to Prices, together with + Sketches, Estimates, Patterns of Materials, &c., &c.</p> + + <p>Having declined appointing Agents, MR. FRENCH invites direct + communications by Post, as the most economical and satisfactory + arrangement. PARCELS delivered Free by Railway.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">ESTABLISHED 1841.</p> + +<h3>MEDICAL, INVALID, <span class="scac">AND</span> GENERAL LIFE OFFICE,</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">25. PALL MALL.</p> + + <p>During the last Ten Years, this Society has issued more than <i>Four + Thousand One Hundred and Fifty Policies</i>—</p> + + <p>Covering Assurances to the extent of <i>One Million Six Hundred and + Eighty-seven Thousand Pounds, and upwards</i>—</p> + + <p>Yielding Annual Premiums amounting to <i>Seventy-three Thousand + Pounds</i>.</p> + + <p>This Society is the only one possessing Tables for the Assurance of + Diseased Lives.</p> + + <p>Healthy Lives Assured at Home and Abroad at lower rates than at most + other Offices.</p> + + <p>A Bonus of 50 per cent. on the premiums paid was added to the policies + at last Division of Profits.</p> + + <p>Next Division in 1853—in which all Policies effected before 30th + June, 1853, will participate.</p> + + <p>Agents wanted for vacant places.</p> + + <p>Prospectuses, Forms of Proposal, and every other information, may be + obtained of the Secretary at the Chief Office, or on application to any + of the Society's Agents in the country.</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>F. G. P. NEISON, Actuary.</p> + <p>C. DOUGLAS SINGER, Secretary.</p> + </div> + </div> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>HEAL & SON'S ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE OF BEDSTEADS, sent free by + post. It contains designs and prices of upwards of ONE HUNDRED different + Bedsteads; also of every description of Bedding, Blankets, and Quilts. + And their new warerooms contain an extensive assortment of Bed-room + Furniture, Furniture Chintzes, Damasks, and Dimities, so as to render + their Establishment complete for the general furnishing of Bed-rooms.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">HEAL & SON, Bedstead and Bedding Manufacturers, +196. Tottenham Court Road.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>BENNETT'S MODEL WATCH, as shown at the GREAT EXHIBITION. No. 1. Class + X., in Gold and Silver Cases, in five qualities, and adapted to all + Climates, may now be had at the MANUFACTORY, 65. CHEAPSIDE. Superior Gold + London-made Patent Levers, 17, 15, and 12 guineas. Ditto, in Silver + Cases, 8, 6, and 4 guineas. First-rate Geneva Levers, in Gold Cases, 12, + 10, and 8 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 5 guineas. Superior + Lever, with Chronometer Balance, Gold, 27, 23, and 19 guineas. Bennett's + Pocket Chronometer, Gold, 50 guineas; Silver, 40 guineas. Every Watch + skilfully examined, timed, and its performance guaranteed. Barometers, + 2<i>l.</i>, 3<i>l.</i>, and 4<i>l.</i> Thermometers from 1<i>s.</i> + each.</p> + + <p>BENNETT, Watch, Clock, and Instrument Maker to the Royal Observatory, + the Board of Ordnance, the Admiralty, and the Queen,</p> + +<p class="cenhead">65. CHEAPSIDE.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p><!-- Page 24 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page24"></a>{24}</span></p> + +<p class="cenhead">THIS DAY ARE PUBLISHED,</p> + + <p>FRASER'S MAGAZINE FOR July, price 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>, or by Post, + 3<i>s.</i>, containing:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>The Navy of France.</p> + <p>Cayley's Las Alforjas.</p> + <p>The Tables Turned.</p> + <p>Wanted—an Owner.—Some Account of certain Bones found in a Vault beneath Rothwell Church.</p> + <p>History of the Prussian Court and Aristocracy.</p> + <p>Bertha's Love.</p> + <p>Carpiana.</p> + <p>Lorenzo Benomi.</p> + <p>Chimney Pots. By a Grumbler.</p> + <p>Emily Orford. Part I.</p> + <p>Mahomet's Song.</p> + <p>Belgium, Leopold, and the Duke of Brabant.</p> + </div> + </div> + +<p class="cenhead">II.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">Dedicated by Special Permission to Her +Majesty.</p> + + <p>MELIORA; or, Better Times to Come. 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From the LETTERS and JOURNALS + of SIR HUDSON LOWE; and other official Documents, not before made public. + By WILLIAM FORSYTH, M.A. Portrait and Map. 3 vols. 8vo. 45<i>s.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">II.</p> + + <p>THE CONCLUDING VOLUMES OF THE DIARY OF GEORGE GRENVILLE, while First + Lord of the Treasury; including unpublished LETTERS OF JUNIUS. 2 vols. + 8vo. 32<i>s.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">III.</p> + + <p>NARRATIVE OF AN EXPLORING EXPEDITION IN TROPICAL SOUTH AFRICA. By + FRANCIS GALTON, ESQ. Plates and Maps. Post 8vo. 12<i>s.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">IV.</p> + + <p>TEN MONTHS AMONG THE TENTS OF THE TUSKI; with Incidents of an Arctic + Boat Expedition in Search of Sir John Franklin, as far as the Mackenzie + River and Cape Bathurst. By LIEUT. W. H. HOOPER, R.N. 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Third and last + Series. 4 vols. 8vo. 56<i>s.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">X.</p> + + <p>NINEVEH AND BABYLON: Being the Result of a SECOND EXPEDITION TO + ASSYRIA, with RESEARCHES at NINEVEH and BABYLON. By AUSTEN H. LAYARD, + M.P. 12th Thousand. Plates and Woodcuts. 8vo. 21<i>s.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">XI.</p> + + <p>HISTORY OF GREECE. Continued from the Accession to the Death of Philip + of Macedon. By GEORGE GROTE, Esq. Vol. XI. 8vo. 16<i>s.</i> (The 12th + Volume will complete the work.)</p> + +<p class="cenhead">XII.</p> + + <p>A HISTORY OF ENGLAND. From the PEACE OF UTRECHT. By LORD MAHON. + Library Edition. Vols. I. to VI. 8vo. 78<i>s.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">XIII.</p> + + <p>LORD MAHON'S HISTORY OF ENGLAND. Cheap and Popular Edition. Vols. I. + to IV. Post 8vo. 6<i>s.</i> each.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">Now ready, price 4<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> By Post, 5<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>THE PRACTICE OF PHOTOGRAPHY. A Manual for Students and Amateurs. By + PHILIP DELAMOTTE, F.S.A. Illustrated with a Photographic Picture taken by + the Collodion Process. This Manual contains much practical information of + a valuable nature.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">JOSEPH CUNDALL, 168. New Bond Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">Just published, Second enlarged Edition, 8vo., +cloth boards, 8<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>WILLIAMS' NEW ZEALAND DICTIONARY AND GRAMMAR. Dictionary of the New + Zealand or Maori language. Two Parts. With a Grammar and Colloquial + Phrases. By the REV. W. WILLIAMS, Archdeacon of Waiapu.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">WILLIAMS & NORGATE. 14. Henrietta +Street, Covent Garden.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p class="cenhead">NIBELUNGEN IN ENGLISH VERSE.</p> + + <p>THE FALL OF THE NIBELUNGERS, otherwise the Book of Kriemhild: a + Translation of the Nibelungen Not, or Nibelungenlied. By W. NANSON + LETTSOM, Esq. 8vo., cloth boards, 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> + +<p class="cenhead">London: WILLIAMS & NORGATE,<br /> +14. Henrietta Street, Covent Garden.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>CLERGYMEN and GENTLEMEN intending to publish, either Volumes or + Pamphlets, during the approaching season, may enter into arrangements + with a PUBLISHER of experience and energy, who will use his most zealous + endeavours to promote the literary and commercial success of works + confided to his care.</p> + + <p>Address to BETA, care of MR. HARRILD, Printer, Silver Street, Falcon + Square.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>SPECTACLES.—WM. ACKLAND applies his medical knowledge as a + Licentiate of the Apothecaries' Company, London, his theory as a + Mathematician, and his practice as a Working Optician, aided by Smee's + Optometer, in the selection of spectacles suitable to every derangement + of vision, so as to preserve the sight to extreme old age.</p> + + <p>ACHROMATIC TELESCOPES, with the New Vetzlar Eye-pieces, as exhibited + at the Academy of Sciences in Paris. The Lenses of these Eye-pieces are + so constructed that the rays of light fall nearly perpendicular to the + surface of the various lenses, by which the aberration is completely + removed; and a telescope so fitted gives one-third more magnifying power + and light than could be obtained by the old Eye-pieces. Prices of the + various sizes on application to</p> + + <p>WM. ACKLAND, Optician, 93. Hatton Garden, London.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + <p>Printed by <span class="sc">Thomas Clark Shaw</span>, of No. 10. + Stonefield Street, in the Parish of St. Mary, Islington, at No. 5. New + Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London; and + published by <span class="sc">George Bell</span>, of No. 186. Fleet + Street, in the Parish of St. Dustan in the West, in the City of London, + Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.—Saturday, July 2. + 1853.</p> + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 192, July 2, +1853, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES *** + +***** This file should be named 28474-h.htm or 28474-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/2/8/4/7/28474/ + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Library of Early +Journals.) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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