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diff --git a/old/hades10.txt b/old/hades10.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5639a17 --- /dev/null +++ b/old/hades10.txt @@ -0,0 +1,504 @@ +Gutenberg's Josephus's Discourse to the Greeks Concerning Hades +#2 in our series by Flavius Josephus translated by William Whiston + +Copyright laws are changing all over the world, be sure to check +the copyright laws for your country before posting these files!! + +Please take a look at the important information in this header. +We encourage you to keep this file on your own disk, keeping an +electronic path open for the next readers. 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FOR PUBLIC DOMAIN ETEXTS*Ver.04.29.93*END* + + + + + +Prepared by David Reed haradda@aol.com or davidr@inconnect.com + + + + + +An Extract out of Josephus's Discourse to The Greeks Concerning Hades + + +by Flavius Josephus + + + + +Translated by William Whiston + + + + +1. Now as to Hades, wherein the souls of the of the good things +they see, and rejoice in the righteous and unrighteous are +detained, it is necessary to speak of it. Hades is a place in the +world not regularly finished; a subterraneous region, wherein the +light of this world does not shine; from which circumstance, that +in this region the light does not shine, it cannot be but there +must be in it perpetual darkness. This region is allotted as a +place of custody for souls, ill which angels are appointed as +guardians to them, who distribute to them temporary punishments, +agreeable to every one's behavior and manners. + +2. In this region there is a certain place set apart, as a lake +of unquenchable fire, whereinto we suppose no one hath hitherto +been cast; but it is prepared for a day afore-determined by God, +in which one righteous sentence shall deservedly be passed upon +all men; when the unjust, and those that have been disobedient to +God, and have given honor to such idols as have been the vain +operations of the hands of men as to God himself, shall be +adjudged to this everlasting punishment, as having been the +causes of defilement; while the just shall obtain an +incorruptible and never-fading kingdom. These are now indeed +confined in Hades, but not in the same place wherein the unjust +are confined. + +3. For there is one descent into this region, at whose gate we +believe there stands an archangel with an host; which gate when +those pass through that are conducted down by the angels +appointed over souls, they do not go the same way; but the just +are guided to the right hand, and are led with hymns, sung by the +angels appointed over that place, unto a region of light, in +which the just have dwelt from the beginning of the world; not +constrained by necessity, but ever enjoying the prospect of the +good things they see, and rejoic in the expectation of those new +enjoyments which will be peculiar to every one of them, and +esteeming those things beyond what we have here; with whom there +is no place of toil, no burning heat, no piercing cold, nor are +any briers there; but the countenance of the and of the just, +which they see, always smiles them, while they wait for that rest +and eternal new life in heaven, which is to succeed this region. +This place we call The Bosom of Abraham. + +4. But as to the unjust, they are dragged by force to the left +hand by the angels allotted for punishment, no longer going with +a good-will, but as prisoners driven by violence; to whom are +sent the angels appointed over them to reproach them and threaten +them with their terrible looks, and to thrust them still +downwards. Now those angels that are set over these souls drag +them into the neighborhood of hell itself; who, when they are +hard by it, continually hear the noise of it, and do not stand +clear of the hot vapor itself; but when they have a near view of +this spectacle, as of a terrible and exceeding great prospect of +fire, they are struck with a fearful expectation of a future +judgment, and in effect punished thereby: and not only so, but +where they see the place [or choir] of the fathers and of the +just, even hereby are they punished; for a chaos deep and large +is fixed between them; insomuch that a just man that hath +compassion upon them cannot be admitted, nor can one that is +unjust, if he were bold enough to attempt it, pass over it. + +5. This is the discourse concerning Hades, wherein the souls of +all men are confined until a proper season, which God hath +determined, when he will make a resurrection of all men from the +dead, not procuring a transmigration of souls from one body to +another, but raising again those very bodies, which you Greeks, +seeing to be dissolved, do not believe [their resurrection]. But +learn not to disbelieve it; for while you believe that the soul +is created, and yet is made immortal by God, according to the +doctrine of Plato, and this in time, be not incredulous; but +believe that God is able, when he hath raised to life that body +which was made as a compound of the same elements, to make it +immortal; for it must never be said of God, that he is able to do +some things, and unable to do others. We have therefore believed +that the body will be raised again; for although it be dissolved, +it is not perished; for the earth receives its remains, and +preserves them; and while they are like seed, and are mixed among +the more fruitful soil, they flourish, and what is sown is indeed +sown bare grain, but at the mighty sound of God the Creator, it +will sprout up, and be raised in a clothed and glorious +condition, though not before it has been dissolved, and mixed +[with the earth]. So that we have not rashly believed the +resurrection of the body; for although it be dissolved for a time +on account of the original transgression, it exists still, and is +cast into the earth as into a potter's furnace, in order to be +formed again, not in order to rise again such as it was before, +but in a state of purity, and so as never to he destroyed any +more. And to every body shall its own soul be restored. And when +it hath clothed itself with that body, it will not be subject to +misery, but, being itself pure, it will continue with its pure +body, and rejoice with it, with which it having walked +righteously now in this world, and never having had it as a +snare, it will receive it again with great gladness. But as for +the unjust, they will receive their bodies not changed, not freed +from diseases or distempers, nor made glorious, but with the same +diseases wherein they died; and such as they were in their +unbelief, the same shall they be when they shall be faithfully +judged. + +6. For all men, the just as well as the unjust, shall be brought +before God the word: for to him hath the Father committed all +judgment : and he, in order to fulfill the will of his Father, +shall come as Judge, whom we call Christ. For Minos and +Rhadamanthus are not the judges, as you Greeks do suppose, but he +whom God and the Father hath glorified: Concerning Whom We Have +Elsewhere Given A More Particular Account, For The Sake Of Those +Who Seek After Truth. This person, exercising the righteous +judgment of the Father towards all men, hath prepared a just +sentence for every one, according to his works; at whose +judgment-seat when all men, and angels, and demons shall stand, +they will send forth one voice, and say, Just Is Thy Judgment; +the rejoinder to which will bring a just sentence upon both +parties, by giving justly to those that have done well an +everlasting fruition; but allotting to the lovers of wicked works +eternal punishment. To these belong the unquenchable fire, and +that without end, and a certain fiery worm, never dying, and not +destroying the body, but continuing its eruption out of the body +with never-ceasing grief: neither will sleep give ease to these +men, nor will the night afford them comfort; death will not free +them from their punishment, nor will the interceding prayers of +their kindred profit them; for the just are no longer seen by +them, nor are they thought worthy of remembrance. But the just +shall remember only their righteous actions, whereby they have +attained the heavenly kingdom, in which there is no sleep, no +sorrow, no corruption, no care, no night, no day measured by +time, no sun driven in his course along the circle of heaven by +necessity, and measuring out the bounds and conversions of the +seasons, for the better illumination of the life of men; no moon +decreasing and increasing, or introducing a variety of seasons, +nor will she then moisten the earth; no burning sun, no Bear +turning round [the pole], no Orion to rise, no wandering of +innumerable stars. The earth will not then be difficult to be +passed over, nor will it he hard to find out the court of +paradise, nor will there be any fearful roaring of the sea, +forbidding the passengers to walk on it; even that will be made +easily passable to the just, though it will not be void of +moisture. Heaven will not then be uninhabitable by men, and it +will not be impossible to discover the way of ascending thither. +The earth will not be uncultivated, nor require too much labor of +men, but will bring forth its fruits of its own accord, and will +be well adorned with them. There will be no more generations of +wild beasts, nor will the substance of the rest of the animals +shoot out any more; for it will not produce men, but the number +of the righteous will continue, and never fail, together with +righteous angels, and spirits [of God], and with his word, as a +choir of righteous men and women that never grow old, and +continue in an incorruptible state, singing hymns to God, who +hath advanced them to that happiness, by the means of a regular +institution of life; with whom the whole creation also will lift +up a perpetual hymn from corruption, to incorruption, as +glorified by a splendid and pure spirit. It will not then be +restrained by a bond of necessity, but with a lively freedom +shall offer up a voluntary hymn, and shall praise him that made +them, together with the angels, and spirits, and men now freed +from all bondage. + +7. And now, if you Gentiles will be persuaded by these motives, +and leave your vain imaginations about your pedigrees, and +gaining of riches, and philosophy, and will not spend your time +about subtleties of words, and thereby lead your minds into +error, and if you will apply your ears to the hearing of the +inspired prophets, the interpreters both of God and of his word, +and will believe in God, you shall both be partakers of these +things, and obtain the good things that are to come; you shall +see the ascent unto the immense heaven plainly, and that kingdom +which is there. For what God hath now concealed in silence [will +be then made manifest,] what neither eye hath seen, nor ear hath +heard, nor hath it entered into the heart of man, the things that +God hath prepared for them that love him. + +8. In whatsoever ways I shall find you, in them shall I judge you +entirely: so cries the End of all things. And he who hath at +first lived a virtuous lift, but towards the latter end falls +into vice, these labors by him before endured shall be altogether +vain and unprofitable, even as in a play, brought to an ill +catastrophe. Whosoever shall have lived wickedly and luxuriously +may repent; however, there will be need of much time to conquer +an evil habit, and even after repentance his whole life must be +guarded with great care and diligence, after the manner of a +body, which, after it hath been a long time afflicted with a +distemper, requires a stricter diet and method of living; for +though it may be possible, perhaps, to break off the chain of our +irregular affections at once, yet our amendment cannot be secured +without the grace of God, the prayers of good men, the help of +the brethren, and our own sincere repentance and constant care. +It is a good thing not to sin at all; it is also good, having +sinned, to repent; as it is best to have health always, but it is +a good thing to recover from a distemper. To God be glory and +dominion for ever and ever Amen. + + + + + +End of Gutenberg's Josephus's Discourse to the Greeks Concerning Hades + |