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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6833f05 --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +* text=auto +*.txt text +*.md text diff --git a/2847-h.zip b/2847-h.zip Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..3671f89 --- /dev/null +++ b/2847-h.zip diff --git a/2847-h/2847-h.htm b/2847-h/2847-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..909f2a6 --- /dev/null +++ b/2847-h/2847-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,645 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="us-ascii"?> + +<!DOCTYPE html + PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd" > + +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en"> + <head> + <title> + An Extract out of Josephus's Discourse to the Greeks Concerning Hades, By + Flavius Josephus + </title> + <style type="text/css" xml:space="preserve"> + + body { margin:5%; background:#faebd0; text-align:justify} + P { text-indent: 1em; margin-top: .25em; margin-bottom: .25em; } + H1,H2,H3,H4,H5,H6 { text-align: center; margin-left: 15%; margin-right: 15%; } + hr { width: 50%; text-align: center;} + .foot { margin-left: 20%; margin-right: 20%; text-align: justify; text-indent: -3em; font-size: 90%; } + blockquote {font-size: 97%; font-style: italic; margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%;} + .mynote {background-color: #DDE; color: #000; padding: .5em; margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 95%;} + .toc { margin-left: 10%; margin-bottom: .75em;} + .toc2 { margin-left: 20%;} + div.fig { display:block; margin:0 auto; text-align:center; } + div.middle { margin-left: 20%; margin-right: 20%; text-align: justify; } + .figleft {float: left; margin-left: 0%; margin-right: 1%;} + .figright {float: right; margin-right: 0%; margin-left: 1%;} + .pagenum {display:inline; font-size: 70%; font-style:normal; + margin: 0; padding: 0; position: absolute; right: 1%; + text-align: right;} + pre { font-style: italic; font-size: 90%; margin-left: 10%;} + +</style> + </head> + <body> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + +The Project Gutenberg EBook of An Extract out of Josephus's Discourse to +The Greeks Concerning Hades, by Flavius Josephus + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: An Extract out of Josephus's Discourse to The Greeks Concerning Hades + +Author: Flavius Josephus + +Translator: William Whiston + +Release Date: December 22, 2008 [EBook #2847] +Last Updated: January 9, 2013 + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK DISCOURSE TO THE GREEKS *** + + + + +Produced by David Reed, and David Widger + + + + + +</pre> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <h1> + AN EXTRACT OUT OF JOSEPHUS'S DISCOURSE TO THE GREEKS CONCERNING HADES + </h1> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <h2> + By Flavius Josephus + </h2> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <h3> + Translated by William Whiston + </h3> + <p> + <br /> <br /> + </p> + <hr /> + <p> + <br /> <br /> + </p> + <p> + 1. Now as to Hades, wherein the souls of the good things they see, + and rejoice in the righteous and unrighteous are detained, it is necessary + to speak of it. Hades is a place in the world not regularly finished; a + subterraneous region, wherein the light of this world does not shine; from + which circumstance, that in this region the light does not shine, it + cannot be but there must be in it perpetual darkness. This region is + allotted as a place of custody for souls, ill which angels are appointed + as guardians to them, who distribute to them temporary punishments, + agreeable to every one's behavior and manners. + </p> + <p> + 2. In this region there is a certain place set apart, as a lake of + unquenchable fire, whereinto we suppose no one hath hitherto been cast; + but it is prepared for a day afore-determined by God, in which one + righteous sentence shall deservedly be passed upon all men; when the + unjust, and those that have been disobedient to God, and have given honor + to such idols as have been the vain operations of the hands of men as to + God himself, shall be adjudged to this everlasting punishment, as having + been the causes of defilement; while the just shall obtain an + incorruptible and never-fading kingdom. These are now indeed confined in + Hades, but not in the same place wherein the unjust are confined. + </p> + <p> + 3. For there is one descent into this region, at whose gate we believe + there stands an archangel with an host; which gate when those pass through + that are conducted down by the angels appointed over souls, they do not go + the same way; but the just are guided to the right hand, and are led with + hymns, sung by the angels appointed over that place, unto a region of + light, in which the just have dwelt from the beginning of the world; not + constrained by necessity, but ever enjoying the prospect of the good + things they see, and rejoice in the expectation of those new enjoyments + which will be peculiar to every one of them, and esteeming those things + beyond what we have here; with whom there is no place of toil, no burning + heat, no piercing cold, nor are any briers there; but the countenance of + the and of the just, which they see, always smiles them, while they wait + for that rest and eternal new life in heaven, which is to succeed this + region. This place we call The Bosom of Abraham. + </p> + <p> + 4. But as to the unjust, they are dragged by force to the left hand by the + angels allotted for punishment, no longer going with a good-will, but as + prisoners driven by violence; to whom are sent the angels appointed over + them to reproach them and threaten them with their terrible looks, and to + thrust them still downwards. Now those angels that are set over these + souls drag them into the neighborhood of hell itself; who, when they are + hard by it, continually hear the noise of it, and do not stand clear of + the hot vapor itself; but when they have a near view of this spectacle, as + of a terrible and exceeding great prospect of fire, they are struck with a + fearful expectation of a future judgment, and in effect punished thereby: + and not only so, but where they see the place [or choir] of the fathers + and of the just, even hereby are they punished; for a chaos deep and large + is fixed between them; insomuch that a just man that hath compassion upon + them cannot be admitted, nor can one that is unjust, if he were bold + enough to attempt it, pass over it. + </p> + <p> + 5. This is the discourse concerning Hades, wherein the souls of all men + are confined until a proper season, which God hath determined, when he + will make a resurrection of all men from the dead, not procuring a + transmigration of souls from one body to another, but raising again those + very bodies, which you Greeks, seeing to be dissolved, do not believe + [their resurrection]. But learn not to disbelieve it; for while you + believe that the soul is created, and yet is made immortal by God, + according to the doctrine of Plato, and this in time, be not incredulous; + but believe that God is able, when he hath raised to life that body which + was made as a compound of the same elements, to make it immortal; for it + must never be said of God, that he is able to do some things, and unable + to do others. We have therefore believed that the body will be raised + again; for although it be dissolved, it is not perished; for the earth + receives its remains, and preserves them; and while they are like seed, + and are mixed among the more fruitful soil, they flourish, and what is + sown is indeed sown bare grain, but at the mighty sound of God the + Creator, it will sprout up, and be raised in a clothed and glorious + condition, though not before it has been dissolved, and mixed [with the + earth]. So that we have not rashly believed the resurrection of the body; + for although it be dissolved for a time on account of the original + transgression, it exists still, and is cast into the earth as into a + potter's furnace, in order to be formed again, not in order to rise again + such as it was before, but in a state of purity, and so as never to be + destroyed any more. And to every body shall its own soul be restored. And + when it hath clothed itself with that body, it will not be subject to + misery, but, being itself pure, it will continue with its pure body, and + rejoice with it, with which it having walked righteously now in this + world, and never having had it as a snare, it will receive it again with + great gladness. But as for the unjust, they will receive their bodies not + changed, not freed from diseases or distempers, nor made glorious, but + with the same diseases wherein they died; and such as they were in their + unbelief, the same shall they be when they shall be faithfully judged. + </p> + <p> + 6. For all men, the just as well as the unjust, shall be brought before + God the word: for to him hath the Father committed all judgment: and he, + in order to fulfill the will of his Father, shall come as Judge, whom we + call Christ. For Minos and Rhadamanthus are not the judges, as you Greeks + do suppose, but he whom God and the Father hath glorified: Concerning Whom + We Have Elsewhere Given A More Particular Account, For The Sake Of Those + Who Seek After Truth. This person, exercising the righteous judgment of + the Father towards all men, hath prepared a just sentence for every one, + according to his works; at whose judgment-seat when all men, and angels, + and demons shall stand, they will send forth one voice, and say, Just Is + Thy Judgment; the rejoinder to which will bring a just sentence upon both + parties, by giving justly to those that have done well an everlasting + fruition; but allotting to the lovers of wicked works eternal punishment. + To these belong the unquenchable fire, and that without end, and a certain + fiery worm, never dying, and not destroying the body, but continuing its + eruption out of the body with never-ceasing grief: neither will sleep give + ease to these men, nor will the night afford them comfort; death will not + free them from their punishment, nor will the interceding prayers of their + kindred profit them; for the just are no longer seen by them, nor are they + thought worthy of remembrance. But the just shall remember only their + righteous actions, whereby they have attained the heavenly kingdom, in + which there is no sleep, no sorrow, no corruption, no care, no night, no + day measured by time, no sun driven in his course along the circle of + heaven by necessity, and measuring out the bounds and conversions of the + seasons, for the better illumination of the life of men; no moon + decreasing and increasing, or introducing a variety of seasons, nor will + she then moisten the earth; no burning sun, no Bear turning round [the + pole], no Orion to rise, no wandering of innumerable stars. The earth will + not then be difficult to be passed over, nor will it be hard to find out + the court of paradise, nor will there be any fearful roaring of the sea, + forbidding the passengers to walk on it; even that will be made easily + passable to the just, though it will not be void of moisture. Heaven will + not then be uninhabitable by men, and it will not be impossible to + discover the way of ascending thither. The earth will not be uncultivated, + nor require too much labor of men, but will bring forth its fruits of its + own accord, and will be well adorned with them. There will be no more + generations of wild beasts, nor will the substance of the rest of the + animals shoot out any more; for it will not produce men, but the number of + the righteous will continue, and never fail, together with righteous + angels, and spirits [of God], and with his word, as a choir of righteous + men and women that never grow old, and continue in an incorruptible state, + singing hymns to God, who hath advanced them to that happiness, by the + means of a regular institution of life; with whom the whole creation also + will lift up a perpetual hymn from corruption, to incorruption, as + glorified by a splendid and pure spirit. It will not then be restrained by + a bond of necessity, but with a lively freedom shall offer up a voluntary + hymn, and shall praise him that made them, together with the angels, and + spirits, and men now freed from all bondage. + </p> + <p> + 7. And now, if you Gentiles will be persuaded by these motives, and leave + your vain imaginations about your pedigrees, and gaining of riches, and + philosophy, and will not spend your time about subtleties of words, and + thereby lead your minds into error, and if you will apply your ears to the + hearing of the inspired prophets, the interpreters both of God and of his + word, and will believe in God, you shall both be partakers of these + things, and obtain the good things that are to come; you shall see the + ascent unto the immense heaven plainly, and that kingdom which is there. + For what God hath now concealed in silence [will be then made manifest,] + what neither eye hath seen, nor ear hath heard, nor hath it entered into + the heart of man, the things that God hath prepared for them that love + him. + </p> + <p> + 8. In whatsoever ways I shall find you, in them shall I judge you + entirely: so cries the End of all things. And he who hath at first lived a + virtuous lift, but towards the latter end falls into vice, these labors by + him before endured shall be altogether vain and unprofitable, even as in a + play, brought to an ill catastrophe. Whosoever shall have lived wickedly + and luxuriously may repent; however, there will be need of much time to + conquer an evil habit, and even after repentance his whole life must be + guarded with great care and diligence, after the manner of a body, which, + after it hath been a long time afflicted with a distemper, requires a + stricter diet and method of living; for though it may be possible, + perhaps, to break off the chain of our irregular affections at once, yet + our amendment cannot be secured without the grace of God, the prayers of + good men, the help of the brethren, and our own sincere repentance and + constant care. It is a good thing not to sin at all; it is also good, + having sinned, to repent; as it is best to have health always, but it is a + good thing to recover from a distemper. To God be glory and dominion for + ever and ever Amen. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of An Extract out of Josephus's Discourse +to The Greeks Concerning Hades, by Flavius Josephus + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK DISCOURSE TO THE GREEKS *** + +***** This file should be named 2847-h.htm or 2847-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/2/8/4/2847/ + +Produced by David Reed, and David Widger + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: An Extract out of Josephus's Discourse to The Greeks Concerning Hades + +Author: Flavius Josephus + +Translator: William Whiston + +Posting Date: December 22, 2008 [EBook #2847] +Release Date: October, 2001 + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK DISCOURSE TO THE GREEKS *** + + + + +Produced by David Reed + + + + + +AN EXTRACT OUT OF JOSEPHUS'S DISCOURSE TO THE GREEKS CONCERNING HADES + +By Flavius Josephus + + +Translated by William Whiston + + + +1. Now as to Hades, wherein the souls of the good things they +see, and rejoice in the righteous and unrighteous are detained, it is +necessary to speak of it. Hades is a place in the world not regularly +finished; a subterraneous region, wherein the light of this world does +not shine; from which circumstance, that in this region the light does +not shine, it cannot be but there must be in it perpetual darkness. This +region is allotted as a place of custody for souls, ill which angels +are appointed as guardians to them, who distribute to them temporary +punishments, agreeable to every one's behavior and manners. + +2. In this region there is a certain place set apart, as a lake of +unquenchable fire, whereinto we suppose no one hath hitherto been cast; +but it is prepared for a day afore-determined by God, in which one +righteous sentence shall deservedly be passed upon all men; when the +unjust, and those that have been disobedient to God, and have given +honor to such idols as have been the vain operations of the hands of men +as to God himself, shall be adjudged to this everlasting punishment, +as having been the causes of defilement; while the just shall obtain an +incorruptible and never-fading kingdom. These are now indeed confined in +Hades, but not in the same place wherein the unjust are confined. + +3. For there is one descent into this region, at whose gate we believe +there stands an archangel with an host; which gate when those pass +through that are conducted down by the angels appointed over souls, they +do not go the same way; but the just are guided to the right hand, and +are led with hymns, sung by the angels appointed over that place, unto a +region of light, in which the just have dwelt from the beginning of the +world; not constrained by necessity, but ever enjoying the prospect of +the good things they see, and rejoice in the expectation of those new +enjoyments which will be peculiar to every one of them, and esteeming +those things beyond what we have here; with whom there is no place of +toil, no burning heat, no piercing cold, nor are any briers there; but +the countenance of the and of the just, which they see, always smiles +them, while they wait for that rest and eternal new life in heaven, +which is to succeed this region. This place we call The Bosom of +Abraham. + +4. But as to the unjust, they are dragged by force to the left hand by +the angels allotted for punishment, no longer going with a good-will, +but as prisoners driven by violence; to whom are sent the angels +appointed over them to reproach them and threaten them with their +terrible looks, and to thrust them still downwards. Now those angels +that are set over these souls drag them into the neighborhood of hell +itself; who, when they are hard by it, continually hear the noise of +it, and do not stand clear of the hot vapor itself; but when they have +a near view of this spectacle, as of a terrible and exceeding great +prospect of fire, they are struck with a fearful expectation of a future +judgment, and in effect punished thereby: and not only so, but where +they see the place [or choir] of the fathers and of the just, even +hereby are they punished; for a chaos deep and large is fixed between +them; insomuch that a just man that hath compassion upon them cannot be +admitted, nor can one that is unjust, if he were bold enough to attempt +it, pass over it. + +5. This is the discourse concerning Hades, wherein the souls of all men +are confined until a proper season, which God hath determined, when +he will make a resurrection of all men from the dead, not procuring +a transmigration of souls from one body to another, but raising again +those very bodies, which you Greeks, seeing to be dissolved, do not +believe [their resurrection]. But learn not to disbelieve it; for while +you believe that the soul is created, and yet is made immortal by +God, according to the doctrine of Plato, and this in time, be not +incredulous; but believe that God is able, when he hath raised to life +that body which was made as a compound of the same elements, to make it +immortal; for it must never be said of God, that he is able to do some +things, and unable to do others. We have therefore believed that the +body will be raised again; for although it be dissolved, it is not +perished; for the earth receives its remains, and preserves them; and +while they are like seed, and are mixed among the more fruitful soil, +they flourish, and what is sown is indeed sown bare grain, but at the +mighty sound of God the Creator, it will sprout up, and be raised in a +clothed and glorious condition, though not before it has been dissolved, +and mixed [with the earth]. So that we have not rashly believed the +resurrection of the body; for although it be dissolved for a time on +account of the original transgression, it exists still, and is cast into +the earth as into a potter's furnace, in order to be formed again, not +in order to rise again such as it was before, but in a state of purity, +and so as never to be destroyed any more. And to every body shall its +own soul be restored. And when it hath clothed itself with that body, it +will not be subject to misery, but, being itself pure, it will continue +with its pure body, and rejoice with it, with which it having walked +righteously now in this world, and never having had it as a snare, it +will receive it again with great gladness. But as for the unjust, +they will receive their bodies not changed, not freed from diseases or +distempers, nor made glorious, but with the same diseases wherein they +died; and such as they were in their unbelief, the same shall they be +when they shall be faithfully judged. + +6. For all men, the just as well as the unjust, shall be brought before +God the word: for to him hath the Father committed all judgment: and he, +in order to fulfill the will of his Father, shall come as Judge, whom +we call Christ. For Minos and Rhadamanthus are not the judges, as +you Greeks do suppose, but he whom God and the Father hath glorified: +Concerning Whom We Have Elsewhere Given A More Particular Account, For +The Sake Of Those Who Seek After Truth. This person, exercising the +righteous judgment of the Father towards all men, hath prepared a just +sentence for every one, according to his works; at whose judgment-seat +when all men, and angels, and demons shall stand, they will send forth +one voice, and say, Just Is Thy Judgment; the rejoinder to which will +bring a just sentence upon both parties, by giving justly to those that +have done well an everlasting fruition; but allotting to the lovers of +wicked works eternal punishment. To these belong the unquenchable fire, +and that without end, and a certain fiery worm, never dying, and not +destroying the body, but continuing its eruption out of the body with +never-ceasing grief: neither will sleep give ease to these men, nor +will the night afford them comfort; death will not free them from their +punishment, nor will the interceding prayers of their kindred profit +them; for the just are no longer seen by them, nor are they thought +worthy of remembrance. But the just shall remember only their righteous +actions, whereby they have attained the heavenly kingdom, in which +there is no sleep, no sorrow, no corruption, no care, no night, no day +measured by time, no sun driven in his course along the circle of +heaven by necessity, and measuring out the bounds and conversions of +the seasons, for the better illumination of the life of men; no moon +decreasing and increasing, or introducing a variety of seasons, nor will +she then moisten the earth; no burning sun, no Bear turning round [the +pole], no Orion to rise, no wandering of innumerable stars. The earth +will not then be difficult to be passed over, nor will it be hard to +find out the court of paradise, nor will there be any fearful roaring of +the sea, forbidding the passengers to walk on it; even that will be made +easily passable to the just, though it will not be void of moisture. +Heaven will not then be uninhabitable by men, and it will not be +impossible to discover the way of ascending thither. The earth will not +be uncultivated, nor require too much labor of men, but will bring forth +its fruits of its own accord, and will be well adorned with them. There +will be no more generations of wild beasts, nor will the substance of +the rest of the animals shoot out any more; for it will not produce men, +but the number of the righteous will continue, and never fail, together +with righteous angels, and spirits [of God], and with his word, as a +choir of righteous men and women that never grow old, and continue in +an incorruptible state, singing hymns to God, who hath advanced them to +that happiness, by the means of a regular institution of life; with whom +the whole creation also will lift up a perpetual hymn from corruption, +to incorruption, as glorified by a splendid and pure spirit. It will +not then be restrained by a bond of necessity, but with a lively freedom +shall offer up a voluntary hymn, and shall praise him that made them, +together with the angels, and spirits, and men now freed from all +bondage. + +7. And now, if you Gentiles will be persuaded by these motives, and +leave your vain imaginations about your pedigrees, and gaining of +riches, and philosophy, and will not spend your time about subtleties +of words, and thereby lead your minds into error, and if you will apply +your ears to the hearing of the inspired prophets, the interpreters +both of God and of his word, and will believe in God, you shall both be +partakers of these things, and obtain the good things that are to come; +you shall see the ascent unto the immense heaven plainly, and that +kingdom which is there. For what God hath now concealed in silence [will +be then made manifest,] what neither eye hath seen, nor ear hath heard, +nor hath it entered into the heart of man, the things that God hath +prepared for them that love him. + +8. In whatsoever ways I shall find you, in them shall I judge you +entirely: so cries the End of all things. And he who hath at first +lived a virtuous lift, but towards the latter end falls into vice, these +labors by him before endured shall be altogether vain and unprofitable, +even as in a play, brought to an ill catastrophe. Whosoever shall have +lived wickedly and luxuriously may repent; however, there will be need +of much time to conquer an evil habit, and even after repentance his +whole life must be guarded with great care and diligence, after the +manner of a body, which, after it hath been a long time afflicted with a +distemper, requires a stricter diet and method of living; for though +it may be possible, perhaps, to break off the chain of our irregular +affections at once, yet our amendment cannot be secured without the +grace of God, the prayers of good men, the help of the brethren, and our +own sincere repentance and constant care. It is a good thing not to sin +at all; it is also good, having sinned, to repent; as it is best to have +health always, but it is a good thing to recover from a distemper. To +God be glory and dominion for ever and ever Amen. + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of An Extract out of Josephus's Discourse +to The Greeks Concerning Hades, by Flavius Josephus + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK DISCOURSE TO THE GREEKS *** + +***** This file should be named 2847.txt or 2847.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/2/8/4/2847/ + +Produced by David Reed + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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FOR PUBLIC DOMAIN ETEXTS*Ver.04.29.93*END* + + + + + +Prepared by David Reed haradda@aol.com or davidr@inconnect.com + + + + + +An Extract out of Josephus's Discourse to The Greeks Concerning Hades + + +by Flavius Josephus + + + + +Translated by William Whiston + + + + +1. Now as to Hades, wherein the souls of the of the good things +they see, and rejoice in the righteous and unrighteous are +detained, it is necessary to speak of it. Hades is a place in the +world not regularly finished; a subterraneous region, wherein the +light of this world does not shine; from which circumstance, that +in this region the light does not shine, it cannot be but there +must be in it perpetual darkness. This region is allotted as a +place of custody for souls, ill which angels are appointed as +guardians to them, who distribute to them temporary punishments, +agreeable to every one's behavior and manners. + +2. In this region there is a certain place set apart, as a lake +of unquenchable fire, whereinto we suppose no one hath hitherto +been cast; but it is prepared for a day afore-determined by God, +in which one righteous sentence shall deservedly be passed upon +all men; when the unjust, and those that have been disobedient to +God, and have given honor to such idols as have been the vain +operations of the hands of men as to God himself, shall be +adjudged to this everlasting punishment, as having been the +causes of defilement; while the just shall obtain an +incorruptible and never-fading kingdom. These are now indeed +confined in Hades, but not in the same place wherein the unjust +are confined. + +3. For there is one descent into this region, at whose gate we +believe there stands an archangel with an host; which gate when +those pass through that are conducted down by the angels +appointed over souls, they do not go the same way; but the just +are guided to the right hand, and are led with hymns, sung by the +angels appointed over that place, unto a region of light, in +which the just have dwelt from the beginning of the world; not +constrained by necessity, but ever enjoying the prospect of the +good things they see, and rejoic in the expectation of those new +enjoyments which will be peculiar to every one of them, and +esteeming those things beyond what we have here; with whom there +is no place of toil, no burning heat, no piercing cold, nor are +any briers there; but the countenance of the and of the just, +which they see, always smiles them, while they wait for that rest +and eternal new life in heaven, which is to succeed this region. +This place we call The Bosom of Abraham. + +4. But as to the unjust, they are dragged by force to the left +hand by the angels allotted for punishment, no longer going with +a good-will, but as prisoners driven by violence; to whom are +sent the angels appointed over them to reproach them and threaten +them with their terrible looks, and to thrust them still +downwards. Now those angels that are set over these souls drag +them into the neighborhood of hell itself; who, when they are +hard by it, continually hear the noise of it, and do not stand +clear of the hot vapor itself; but when they have a near view of +this spectacle, as of a terrible and exceeding great prospect of +fire, they are struck with a fearful expectation of a future +judgment, and in effect punished thereby: and not only so, but +where they see the place [or choir] of the fathers and of the +just, even hereby are they punished; for a chaos deep and large +is fixed between them; insomuch that a just man that hath +compassion upon them cannot be admitted, nor can one that is +unjust, if he were bold enough to attempt it, pass over it. + +5. This is the discourse concerning Hades, wherein the souls of +all men are confined until a proper season, which God hath +determined, when he will make a resurrection of all men from the +dead, not procuring a transmigration of souls from one body to +another, but raising again those very bodies, which you Greeks, +seeing to be dissolved, do not believe [their resurrection]. But +learn not to disbelieve it; for while you believe that the soul +is created, and yet is made immortal by God, according to the +doctrine of Plato, and this in time, be not incredulous; but +believe that God is able, when he hath raised to life that body +which was made as a compound of the same elements, to make it +immortal; for it must never be said of God, that he is able to do +some things, and unable to do others. We have therefore believed +that the body will be raised again; for although it be dissolved, +it is not perished; for the earth receives its remains, and +preserves them; and while they are like seed, and are mixed among +the more fruitful soil, they flourish, and what is sown is indeed +sown bare grain, but at the mighty sound of God the Creator, it +will sprout up, and be raised in a clothed and glorious +condition, though not before it has been dissolved, and mixed +[with the earth]. So that we have not rashly believed the +resurrection of the body; for although it be dissolved for a time +on account of the original transgression, it exists still, and is +cast into the earth as into a potter's furnace, in order to be +formed again, not in order to rise again such as it was before, +but in a state of purity, and so as never to he destroyed any +more. And to every body shall its own soul be restored. And when +it hath clothed itself with that body, it will not be subject to +misery, but, being itself pure, it will continue with its pure +body, and rejoice with it, with which it having walked +righteously now in this world, and never having had it as a +snare, it will receive it again with great gladness. But as for +the unjust, they will receive their bodies not changed, not freed +from diseases or distempers, nor made glorious, but with the same +diseases wherein they died; and such as they were in their +unbelief, the same shall they be when they shall be faithfully +judged. + +6. For all men, the just as well as the unjust, shall be brought +before God the word: for to him hath the Father committed all +judgment : and he, in order to fulfill the will of his Father, +shall come as Judge, whom we call Christ. For Minos and +Rhadamanthus are not the judges, as you Greeks do suppose, but he +whom God and the Father hath glorified: Concerning Whom We Have +Elsewhere Given A More Particular Account, For The Sake Of Those +Who Seek After Truth. This person, exercising the righteous +judgment of the Father towards all men, hath prepared a just +sentence for every one, according to his works; at whose +judgment-seat when all men, and angels, and demons shall stand, +they will send forth one voice, and say, Just Is Thy Judgment; +the rejoinder to which will bring a just sentence upon both +parties, by giving justly to those that have done well an +everlasting fruition; but allotting to the lovers of wicked works +eternal punishment. To these belong the unquenchable fire, and +that without end, and a certain fiery worm, never dying, and not +destroying the body, but continuing its eruption out of the body +with never-ceasing grief: neither will sleep give ease to these +men, nor will the night afford them comfort; death will not free +them from their punishment, nor will the interceding prayers of +their kindred profit them; for the just are no longer seen by +them, nor are they thought worthy of remembrance. But the just +shall remember only their righteous actions, whereby they have +attained the heavenly kingdom, in which there is no sleep, no +sorrow, no corruption, no care, no night, no day measured by +time, no sun driven in his course along the circle of heaven by +necessity, and measuring out the bounds and conversions of the +seasons, for the better illumination of the life of men; no moon +decreasing and increasing, or introducing a variety of seasons, +nor will she then moisten the earth; no burning sun, no Bear +turning round [the pole], no Orion to rise, no wandering of +innumerable stars. The earth will not then be difficult to be +passed over, nor will it he hard to find out the court of +paradise, nor will there be any fearful roaring of the sea, +forbidding the passengers to walk on it; even that will be made +easily passable to the just, though it will not be void of +moisture. Heaven will not then be uninhabitable by men, and it +will not be impossible to discover the way of ascending thither. +The earth will not be uncultivated, nor require too much labor of +men, but will bring forth its fruits of its own accord, and will +be well adorned with them. There will be no more generations of +wild beasts, nor will the substance of the rest of the animals +shoot out any more; for it will not produce men, but the number +of the righteous will continue, and never fail, together with +righteous angels, and spirits [of God], and with his word, as a +choir of righteous men and women that never grow old, and +continue in an incorruptible state, singing hymns to God, who +hath advanced them to that happiness, by the means of a regular +institution of life; with whom the whole creation also will lift +up a perpetual hymn from corruption, to incorruption, as +glorified by a splendid and pure spirit. It will not then be +restrained by a bond of necessity, but with a lively freedom +shall offer up a voluntary hymn, and shall praise him that made +them, together with the angels, and spirits, and men now freed +from all bondage. + +7. And now, if you Gentiles will be persuaded by these motives, +and leave your vain imaginations about your pedigrees, and +gaining of riches, and philosophy, and will not spend your time +about subtleties of words, and thereby lead your minds into +error, and if you will apply your ears to the hearing of the +inspired prophets, the interpreters both of God and of his word, +and will believe in God, you shall both be partakers of these +things, and obtain the good things that are to come; you shall +see the ascent unto the immense heaven plainly, and that kingdom +which is there. For what God hath now concealed in silence [will +be then made manifest,] what neither eye hath seen, nor ear hath +heard, nor hath it entered into the heart of man, the things that +God hath prepared for them that love him. + +8. In whatsoever ways I shall find you, in them shall I judge you +entirely: so cries the End of all things. And he who hath at +first lived a virtuous lift, but towards the latter end falls +into vice, these labors by him before endured shall be altogether +vain and unprofitable, even as in a play, brought to an ill +catastrophe. Whosoever shall have lived wickedly and luxuriously +may repent; however, there will be need of much time to conquer +an evil habit, and even after repentance his whole life must be +guarded with great care and diligence, after the manner of a +body, which, after it hath been a long time afflicted with a +distemper, requires a stricter diet and method of living; for +though it may be possible, perhaps, to break off the chain of our +irregular affections at once, yet our amendment cannot be secured +without the grace of God, the prayers of good men, the help of +the brethren, and our own sincere repentance and constant care. +It is a good thing not to sin at all; it is also good, having +sinned, to repent; as it is best to have health always, but it is +a good thing to recover from a distemper. To God be glory and +dominion for ever and ever Amen. + + + + + +End of Gutenberg's Josephus's Discourse to the Greeks Concerning Hades + diff --git a/old/hades10.zip b/old/hades10.zip Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..b1a6a8e --- /dev/null +++ b/old/hades10.zip |