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diff --git a/27009.txt b/27009.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1a2821b --- /dev/null +++ b/27009.txt @@ -0,0 +1,3611 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 212, November 19, +1853, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes and Queries, Number 212, November 19, 1853 + A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, + Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc. + +Author: Various + +Editor: George Bell + +Release Date: October 24, 2008 [EBook #27009] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES *** + + + + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Library of Early +Journals.) + + + + + +Transcriber's note: A few typographical errors have been corrected: they +are listed at the end of the text. + + * * * * * + + +{485} + +NOTES AND QUERIES: + +A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, +GENEALOGISTS, ETC. + +"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE. + + * * * * * + + +No. 212.] +SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 19. 1853. +[Price Fourpence. Stamped Edition 5d. + + * * * * * + + +CONTENTS. + + NOTES:-- Page + + Party-Similes of the Seventeenth Century:--No. 1. + "Foxes and Firebrands." No. 2. "The Trojan + Horse" 485 + Testimonials to Donkeys, by Cuthbert Bede, B.A. 488 + Longevity in Cleveland, Yorkshire, by William Durrant + Cooper 488 + Rev. Josiah Pullen 489 + + FOLK LORE:--Ancient Custom in Warwickshire-- + Nottinghamshire Customs 490 + + MINOR NOTES:--A Centenarian Couple--"Veni, + vidi, vici"--Autumnal Tints--Variety is pleasing-- + Rome and the Number Six--Zend Grammar--The + Duke's First Victory--Straw Paper--American + Epitaph 490 + + QUERIES:-- + + Laurie (?) on Currency, &c. 491 + "Donatus Redivivus" 492 + + MINOR QUERIES:--Henry Scobell--The Court House + --Ash-trees attract Lightning--Symbol of Sow, &c. + --Passage in Blackwood--Rathband Family-- + Encaustic Tiles from Caen--Artificial Drainage-- + Storms at the Death of Great Men--Motto on Wylcotes' + Brass--"Trail through the leaden sky," &c.-- + Lord Audley's Attendants at Poictiers--Roman + Catholic Bible Society 493 + + MINOR QUERIES WITH ANSWERS--"Vox Populi Vox + Dei"--"Lanquettes Cronicles"--"Our English + Milo"--"Delights for Ladies"--Burton's Death + --Joannes Audoenus--Hampden's Death 494 + + REPLIES:- + + "Pinece with a Stink," by W. Pinkerton, &c. 496 + Monumental Brasses abroad, by Josiah Cato 497 + Milton's "Lycidas," by C. Mansfield Ingleby 497 + School Libraries, by Weld Taylor and G. Brindley + Acworth 498 + Cawdray's "Treasurie of Similies," and Simile of + Magnetic Needle, by Rev. E. C. Harington, &c. 499 + "Mary, weep no more for me," by J. W. Thomas 500 + + PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE:--Clouds in Photographs + --Albumenized Paper--Stereoscopic Angles + --Photographic Copies of MSS. 501 + + REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES:--Lord Cecil's "Memorials" + --Foreign Medical Education--Encyclopaedias + --Pepys's Grammar--"Antiquitas Saeculi Juventus + Mundi"--Napoleon's Spelling--Black as a mourning + Colour--Chanting of Jurors--Aldress--Huggins + and Muggins--Camera Lucida--"When Orpheus + went down"--The Arms of De Sissone--Oaths of + Pregnant Women--Lepel's Regiment--Editions of + the Prayer Book prior to 1662--Creole--Daughter + pronounced "Dafter"--Richard Geering--Island 502 + + MISCELLANEOUS:-- + + Books and Odd Volumes wanted 505 + Notices to Correspondents 505 + Advertisements 505 + + * * * * * + + +Notes. + +PARTY-SIMILES OF THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY--NO. I. "FOXES AND FIREBRANDS." +NO. II. "THE TROJAN HORSE." + +With Englishmen, at least, the seventeenth was a century pre-eminent for +quaint conceits and fantastic similes: the literature of that period, +whether devotional, poetical, or polemical[1], was alike infected with the +universal mania for strained metaphors, and men vied with each other in +giving extraordinary titles to books, and making the {486} contents justify +the title. Extravagance and the far-fetched were the gauge of wit: Donne, +Herbert, and many a man of genius foundered on this rock, as well as +Cowley, who acted up to his own definition: + + "In a true Piece of Wit _all things_ must be, + Yet all things there agree; + As in the _Ark_, join'd without force or strife, + All creatures dwelt--all creatures that had life." + +It is not, however, for the purpose of illustrating this mania that I am +about to dwell on the two similes which form the subject of my present +Note: I selected them as favourite party-similes which formed a standing +dish for old Anglican writers; and also because they throw light on the +history of religious party in England, and thus form a suitable supplement +to my article on "High Church and Low Church" (Vol. viii., p. 117.). + +As the object of the Church of England, in separating from Rome, was the +_reformation_, not the _destruction_ of her former faith, by the very act +of reformation she found herself opposed to two bodies; namely, _that_ from +which she separated, and the ultra-reformers or Puritans, who clamoured for +a _radical_ reformation. + +Taking these as the Scylla and Charybdis--the two extremes to be +avoided--the Anglican Church hoped to attain the safe and golden mean by +steering between these opposites, and find, in this _via media_ course, the +path of truth. + +Accordingly, her divines abound with warnings against the aforesaid Scylla +and Charybdis, and with exhortations to cleave to the middle line of +safety. Acting on the proverb that _extremes meet_, they were ever drawing +parallels between their two opponents. On the other hand, the Puritans +stoutly contended that _they_ were the true middle-men; and in their turn +traced divers similarities and parallels betwixt "Popery and Prelacy," the +"Mass Book and Service Book."[2] + +Without farther preface, I shall give the title of a curious work, which +will tell its own story: + + "_Foxes and Firebrands_; or _A Specimen of the Danger and Harmony of + Popery and Separation_. Wherein is proved from undeniable Matter of + Fact and Reason, that Separation from the Church of England is, in the + Judgment of Papists, and by Experience, found the most Compendious way + to introduce Popery, and to ruine the Protestant Religion: + + '_Tantum Religio potuit suadere Malorum._'" + +A work under this title was published, if I mistake not, in London in 1678 +by Dr. Henry Nalson; in 1682, Robert Ware reprinted it with a second part +of his own; and in 1689 he added a _third_ and last part in 12mo., uniform +with the previous volume.[3] In the Epist. Ded. to Part II. the writer says +of the Church of England: + + "The Papists on the one hand, and the Puritans on the other, did + endeavour to sully and bespatter the glory of her Reformation: the one + taxing it with innovation, and the other with superstition." + +The Preface to the Third Part declares that the object of the whole work is +"to reclaim the most haggard Papists" and Puritans. + +Wheatly, in treating of the State Service for the 29th of May, remarks: + + "The Papists and Sectaries, like Sampson's Foxes, though they look + contrary ways, do yet both join in carrying Fire to destroy us: their + End is the same, though the method be different."--_Rational Illust. of + the Book of Common Prayer_, 3rd edit., London, 1720, folio. + +The following passage occurs in _A Letter to the Author of the Vindication +of the Clergy_, by Dr. Eachard, London, 1705: + + "I have put in hard, I'll assure you, in all companies, for two or + three more: as for example, _The Papist and the Puritan being tyed + together like Sampson's Foxes_. I liked it well enough, and have + beseeched them to let it pass for a phansie; but I could never get the + rogues in a good humour to do it: for they say that _Sampson's foxes_ + have been so very long and so very often tied together, that it is high + time to part them. It may be because something very like it is to be + found in a printed sermon, which was preached thirty-eight years ago: + it is no flam nor whisker. It is the forty-third page upon the right + hand. Yours go thus, viz. _Papist and Puritan, like Sampson's Foxes, + though looking and running two several ways, yet are ever joyned + together the tail._ My author has it thus, viz. _The Separatists and + the Romanists consequently to their otherwise most distant principles + do fully agree, like Sampson's Foxes, tyed together by the tails, to + set all on fire, although their faces look quite contrary ways._"--P. + 34. + +It would be easy to multiply passages in which this simile occurs; but what +I have given is {487} suffcient for my purpose, and I must leave room for +"The Trojan Horse."[4] + +I must content myself with giving the title of the following work, as I +have never met with the book itself: _The Trojan Horse, or The Presbyterian +Government Unbowelled_, London, 1646. + +In a brochure of Primate Bramhall's, entitled + + "A Faire Warning for England to take heed of the Presbyterian + Government.... Also the Sinfulnesse and Wickednesse of the _Covenant_, + to introduce that Government upon the Church of England." + +the second paragraph of the first page proceeds: + + "But to see those very men who plead so vehemently against all kinds of + tyranny, attempt to obtrude their own dreames not only upon their + fellow-subjects, but upon their sovereigne himself, contrary to the + dictates of his own conscience, contrary to all law of God and man; yea + to compell forreigne churches to dance after their pipe, to worship + that counterfeit image which they feign to have fallen down from + Jupiter, and by force of arms to turne their neighbours out of a + possession of above 1400 years, to make roome for their _Trojan Horse_ + of ecclesiastical discipline (a practice never justified in the world + but either by the Turk or by the Pope): this put us upon the defensive + part. They must not think that other men are so cowed or grown so tame, + as to stand still blowing of their noses, whilst they bridle them and + ride them at their pleasure. It is time to let the world see that _this + discipline_ which they so much adore, is _the very quintessence of + refined Popery_." + +My copy of this tract has no place or date: but it appears to have been +printed at the Hague in 1649. It was answered in the same year by "Robert +Baylie, minister at Glasgow," whose reply was "printed at Delph." + +As the tide of the time and circumstance rolled on, this simile gained +additional force and depth; and to understand the admirable aptitude of its +application in the passage I shall next quote, a few preliminary remarks +are necessary. + +There was always in the Church of England a portion of her members who +could not forget that the Puritans, though external to her communion, were +yet fellow Protestants; that they differed not in kind, but in degree--and +that these differences were insignificant compared with those of Rome. At +the same time, they reflected that perhaps the Church of England was not +exactly in the middle, and that she would not lose were she to move a +little nearer the Puritan side. Accordingly, various attempts were made to +enlarge the terms of her communion, and eject from her service-book any +lingering "relics of Popery" which might offend the weaker brethren yclept +the Puritans: thus to make a grand Comprehension Creed--a Church to include +all Protestants. + +This was tried in James I.'s reign at the Savoy Conference; but in spite of +Baxter's strenuous efforts and model prayer-book, it was a failure. Even +Archbishop Sancroft was led to attempt a similar Comprehensive Scheme, so +terrified was he at the dominance of the Roman Church in the Second James's +reign: however, William's accession, and his becoming a nonjuror, crossed +his design. In 1689, Tillotson, Burnet, and a number of William's +"Latitudinarian" clergy made a bold push for it. A Comprehension Bill +actually passed the House of Lords, but was thrown out by the Commons and +Convocation. From William's time toleration and encouragement were extended +to all save "Popish Recusants;" so that there were a large number in the +Church of England ready to assist their comrades _outside_ in breaking down +her fences. The High Churchmen, however, as may be guessed, would not sit +tamely by, and see the leading idea of the Anglican Church thrown to the +winds, her _via media_ profaned, her park made a common, and her +distinctive doctrines and fences levelled to the ground. What _their_ +feelings were, may be gathered from this indignant invective: + + "The most of the inconveniences we labour under to this day, owe their + original to the weakness of some and to the cowardice of others of the + clergy. For had they stood stiff and inflexible at first against the + encroachments and intrigues of a Puritanical faction, like a threefold + cord, we could not have been so easily shattered and broken. The + dissenters, as well skilled in the art of war, have besieged the Church + in form: and at all periods and seasons have raised their batteries, + and carried on their saps and counter-scarps against her. They have + left no means unessayed or practised, to weaken her. And when open + violence has been baffled, and useless, _stratagem_ and contrivance + have supplied what force could never effect. Hence it is, that under + the cant of _conscience_ and _scruple_, they have feigned a compliance + of embracing her communion; if such and such ceremonies and rules that + then stood in force could be omitted, or connived at: and having once + broke ground on her discipline, they have continued to carry on their + trenches, and had almost brought the _Great Comprehension-Horse_ within + our walls; whilst the _complying_, or the _moderate_ clergy (as they + are called), like the infatuated _Trojans_, helped forward the + _unwieldy machine_; nor were they aware of the danger and destruction + that might have issued out of him."--_The Entertainer_, London, 1718, + p. 153.[5] + +{488} + +I shall but add a postscript to my former Note. In "N. & Q." (Vol. viii., +p. 156.), a number of pamphlets on High Church and Low Church are referred +to. A masterly sketch of the two theories is given at pp. 87, 88. of Mr. +Kingsley's _Yeast_, London, 1851. + +JARLTZBERG. + +[Footnote 1: Dr. Eachard, in his work on _The Grounds and Occasions of the +Contempt of the Clergy and Religion inquired into_, London, 1712, after +ably showing up the pedantry of some preachers, next attacks the +"indiscreet and horrid Metaphor Mongers." "Another thing that brings great +disrespect and mischief upon the clergy ... is their packing their sermons +so full of similitudes" (p. 41.). Eachard has a museum of curiosities in +this line. _The Puritan Pulpit_, however, far outstrips even the incredible +nonsense and irreverence which he adduces. Let any one curious in such +matters dip into a collection of Scotch Sermons of the seventeenth century. +Sir W. Scott, in some of his works, has endeavoured to give a faint idea of +the extraordinary way in which passages of Holy Scripture were applied in +the same century. I have a very curious _book of soliloquies_, which +unfortunately wants the title-page. From internal evidence, however, it +appeals to have been written in Ireland in the seventeenth century: the +writer signs himself "P. P." The editor of this little 12mo., in "An +Epistle to the Reader," after reprehending "the wits of our times" for +"quibbling and drolling upon the Bible," says immediately after:--"This +author's _innocent abuse of Scripture_ is so far from countenancing, that +it rather shames and condemns that licentious and abominable practice. Nor +can we admit of the most useful allusions without that harmless (nay +helpful and advantageous) [Greek: katachresis], or abuse here practised: +wherein the words are indeed used to another, but yet to a Holy end and +purpose, besides that for which they were at first instituted and +intended." The most reverend of our readers must need smile, were I to give +a specimen of this "innocent abuse." + +While noticing the false wit which passed current in that century, we must +not forget that the same age produced a South and a Butler: and that in +beauty of simile, few, if any, surpass Bishop Jeremy Taylor.] + +[Footnote 2: An Analysis of the "divers pamphlets published against the +Book of Common Prayer" would make a very curious volume. Take a passage +from the _Anatomy of the Service Book_, for instance: "The cruellest of the +American savages, called the Mohaukes, though they fattened their captive +Christians to the slaughter, yet they eat them up at once; but the +Service-book savages eat the servants of God by piece-meal: keeping them +alive (if it may be called a life) _ut sentiant se mori_, that they may be +the more sensible of their dying" (p. 56.). Sir Walter Scott quotes a +curious tract in _Woodstock_, entitled _Vindication of the Book of Common +Prayer against the Contumelious Slanders of the Fanatic Party terming it_ +"Porridge." The author of this singular and rare tract (says Sir W.) +indulges in the allegorical style, till he fairly hunts down the allegory. +The learned divine chases his metaphor at a very cold scent, through a +pamphlet of his mortal quarto pages.--See a _Parallel of the Liturgy with +the Mass Book, Breviary, &c._, by Robert Baylie. 1661, 4to.] + +[Footnote 3: [See "N. & Q.," Vol. viii., p. 172.--ED.]] + +[Footnote 4: See Grey's _Hudibras_, Dublin, 1744, vol. ii. p. 248., vol. i. +pp. 150, 151., where allusions both to "The Trojan Mare" and tying "the fox +tails together" occur. Butler was versed in the controversies of his day, +and, moreover, loved to satirise the metaphor mania by his exquisitely +comic similes.] + +[Footnote 5: Let any one interested in the history of Comprehension refer +to the proceedings relative to the formation of the "Evangelical Alliance." +Jeremy Collier gives a curious parallel:--"Lord Burleigh, upon some +complaint against the Liturgy, bade the Dissenters draw up another, and +contrive the offices in such a form as might give general satisfaction to +their brethren. Upon this overture the first classis struck out their +lines, and drew mostly by the portrait of Geneva. This draught was referred +to the consideration of a second classis, who made no less than _six +hundred_ exceptions to it. The third classis quarrelled with the +corrections of the second, and declared for a new model. The fourth refined +no less upon the third. The treasurer advised all these reviews, and +different committees, on purpose to break their measures and silence their +clamours against the Church. However, since they could not come to any +agreement in a form for divine service, he had a handsome opportunity for a +release: for now they could not decently importune him any farther. To part +smoothly with them, he assured their agents that, when they came to any +unanimous resolve upon the matter before them, they might expect his +friendship, and that he should be ready to bring their scheme to a +settlement." Collier's _Hist._, vol. viii. p. 16. See Cardwell's _Hist. of +the Conference connected with the Revision of the Book of Common Prayer_, +London, 1849, 8vo. See also _Quarterly Review_, vol. 1. pp. 508-561., No. +C. Jan. 1834. The present American Prayer Book is formed on the +Comprehension scheme. Last year Pickering published a _Book of Common +Prayer of the Church of England, adapted for General Use in other +Protestant Churches_, which is well worth referring to. + +Those who wished to "comprehend" at the Roman side of the _via media_ were +very few. Elizabeth and Laud are the most prominent instances. Charles I., +and afterwards the Nonjurors, had schemes of communion with the Greek +Church. A _History of Comprehension_ would involve a historical notice of +the Thirty-nine Articles, and the plan of Comprehension maintained by some +to be the intention of their framers. It should include also distinctive +sketches of the classes formerly denominated _Church Papists_ and _Church +Puritans_.] + + * * * * * + +TESTIMONIALS TO DONKEYS. + +The following extract from an article on "Angling in North Wales," which +appeared in _The Field_ newspaper of October 22nd, contains a specimen of +an entirely original kind of testimonial, which seems to me worthy of +preservation in "N. & Q.'s" museum of curiosities: + + "Beguiled by the treacherous representations of a certain Mr. Williams, + and the high character of his donkeys, I undertook the ascent of Dunas + Bran, and poked about among the ruins of Crow Castle on its summit, + where I found nothing of any consequence, except an appetite for my + dinner. The printed paper which Mr. Williams hands about, deploring the + loss of his 'character,' and testifying to the wonderful superiority of + all his animals, is rather amusing. Mr. Williams evidently never had a + donkey 'what wouldn't go.' This paper commences with an affidavit from + certain of the householders and _literati_ of Llangollen, that he 'had + received numerous testimonials, all of which we are sorry to say _has_ + been lost.' Those preserved, however, and immortalised in print, + suffice to establish Mr. Williams' reputation: + + "Mr. W. and his son and daughter bear testimony to the civility and + attention of Mr. Williams _and_ his donkeys. + + "S. P., Esquire, attended at the Haud Hotel, 24th June, 1851, and + engaged four of Mr. Williams' donkeys for the use of a party of ladies, + who expressed themselves highly gratified. The animals were remarkably + tractable, and void of stupidity. + + "Mrs. D. A. B. visited Valle Crucis Abbey on the back of Mr. Williams' + ass, and is well satisfied. + + "Sept. 4. 1852. + This is to certify that + LADY MARSHALL + Is to Donkeys very partial, + And no postilion in a car, shall + Ever more her drive + O'er all the stones; + On 'Jenny Jones' + She'll ride while she's alive!" + +Those who have visited Malvern will remember the vast quantity of donkeys +who rejoice in the cognomen of "The Royal Moses." Their history is as +follows:--When the late Queen Dowager was at Malvern, she frequently +ascended the hills on donkey-back; and on all such occasions patronised a +poor old woman, whose stud had been reduced, by a succession of +misfortunes, to a solitary donkey, who answered to the name of "Moses." At +the close of her visit, her majesty, with that kindness of heart which was +such a distinguishing trait in her character, not only liberally rewarded +the poor old woman, but asked her if there was anything that she could do +for her which would be likely to bring back her former prosperity. The old +woman turned the matter over in her mind, and then said, "Please your +majesty to give a name to my donkey." This her Majesty did. "Moses" became +"the Royal Moses;" every body wanted to ride him; the old woman's custom +increased, and when the favoured animal died (for he is dead) he left +behind him a numerous family, all of whom called after their father, "the +Royal Moses." + +CUTHBERT BEDE, B.A. + + * * * * * + +LONGEVITY IN CLEVELAND, YORKSHIRE. + +A cursory conversation with a lady in her eighty-fifth year, now living at +Skelton in Cleveland, in the North Riding of Yorkshire, when she {489} +deprecated the notion that she was one of the _old_ inhabitants, led me to +inquire more particularly into the duration of life in that township. The +minister, the Rev. W. Close, who has been the incumbent since the year +1813, and who has had the duties to perform, and the registers to keep, +therefore, from about the period of the act which required the age to be +stated, now forty years ago, was most willing to give me aid and extracts +from the burial register, from the commencement of 1813 to August, 1852, +during which period 799 persons were buried. The extracts show these +extraordinary facts. + +Out of the 799 persons buried in that period, no less than 263, or nearly +one-third, attained the age of 70. Of these two, viz. Mary Postgate, who +died in 1816, and Ann Stonehouse, who died in 1823, attained respectively +the ages of 101. Nineteen others were 90 years of age and upwards, viz. one +was 97, one was 96, one was 95, four were 94, one was 93, five were 92, +three were 91, and three were 90. Between the ages of 80 and 90 there died +109, of whom thirty-nine were 85 and upwards, and seventy were under 85; +and between the ages of 70 and 80 there died 133, of whom sixty-five were +75 years and upwards, and sixty-eight were between 70 and 75. In one page +of the register containing eight names, six were above 80, and in another +five were above 70. + +In this parish of Skelton there is now living a man named Moon, 104 years +old, who is blind now, but managed a small farm till nearly or quite 100; +and a blacksmith named Robinson Cook, aged 98, who worked at his trade till +May last. + +In the chapelry of Brotton, which adjoins Skelton township, and has been +also under the spiritual charge of Mr. Close, the longevity is even more +remarkable. Out of 346 persons buried since the new register came into +force in 1813, down to 1st October, 1853, no less than 121, or more than +one-third, attained the age of 70. One Betty Thompson, who died in 1834, +was 101; nineteen were more than 90, of whom one was 98, two were 97, three +were 95, one was 93, four were 92, five were 91, and three were 90; there +were forty-four who died between 80 and 90 years old, of whom nineteen were +85 and upwards, and twenty-five were between 80 and 85; and there were +fifty-seven who died between the ages of 70 and 80, of whom no less than +thirty-one were 75 and upwards. The average of the chapelry is increased +from the circumstance that sixteen bodies of persons drowned in the sea in +wrecks, and whose ages were not of course very great, are included in the +whole number of 346 burials. That celibacy did not lessen the chance of +life, was proved by a bachelor named Simpson, who died at 92, and his +maiden sister at 91. + +I am told that the neighbouring parish of Upleatham has also a high +character for longevity, but I had not the same opportunity of examining +the register as was afforded me by Mr. Close. + +And now for a Query. What other, if any district in the north or south, +will show like or greater longevity? + +WILLIAM DURRANT COOPER. + + * * * * * + +REV. JOSIAH PULLEN. + +Every Oxford man regards with some degree of interest that goal of so many +of his walks, Joe Pullen's tree, on Headington Hill. So at least it was in +my time, now some thirty years since. Perhaps the following notices of him, +who I suppose planted it, or at all events gave name to it, may be +acceptable to your Oxford readers. They are taken from that most curious +collection (alas! too little known) the Pocket-books of Tom Hearne, vol. +liii. pp. 25-35., now in the Bodleian: + + "Jan. 1, 1714-15. Last night died Mr. Josiah Pullen, A.M., minister of + St. Peter's in the East, and Vice-Principal of Magdalen Hall. He had + also a parsonage in the country. He was formerly domestick chaplain to + Bishop Sanderson, to whom he administered the sacrament at his death. + He lived to a very great age, being about fourscore and three, and was + always very healthy and vigorous. He was regular in his way of living, + but too close, considering that he was a single man, and was wealthy. + He seldom used spectacles, which made him guilty of great blunders at + divine service, for he would officiate to the last. He administered the + Sacrament last Christmas Day to a great congregation at St. Peter's, + which brought his illness upon him. He took his B.A. degree May 26, + 1654. He became minister of St. Peter's in the East anno 1668, which + was the year before Dr. Charlett was entered at Oxford."--P. 25. + + "Jan. 7, Friday. This day, at four in the afternoon, Mr. Pullen was + buried in St. Peter's Church, in the chapel at the north side of the + chancell. All the parishioners were invited, and the pall was held up + by six Heads of Houses, though it should have been by six Masters of + Arts, as Dr. Radcliffe's pall should have been held up by Doctors in + Physic, and not by Doctors of Divinity and Doctors of Law."--P. 32. + +Dr. Radcliffe's funeral had taken place in the preceding month. + +In Nichols's _Literary Anecdotes_, vol. iv. p. 181., is the following +epitaph of Pullen, drawn up by Mr. Thomas Wagstaffe: + + "Hic jacet reverendus vir Josia Pullen, A.M. Aulae Magd. 57 annos vice + principalis, necnon hujusce ecclesiae Pastor 39 annos. Obiit 31^o + Decembris, anno Domini 1714, aetatis 84." + +From the notice of Thomas Walden, in Johnson's _Lives of the Poets_, it +appears that Yalden was a pupil of Pullen. (See also Walton's _Life of +Sanderson_, towards the end.) I hope this may elicit some farther account +of a man whose name has survived so long in Oxford memory. {490} + +As to the tree, I have some recollection of having heard that it had a few +years ago a narrow escape of being thrown down, sometime about the +vice-chancellorship of Dr. Symons, who promptly came forward to the rescue. +Was it ever in such peril? and, if so, was it preserved? + +BALLIOLENSIS. + + * * * * * + +FOLK LORE. + +_Ancient Custom in Warwickshire._--In Sir William Dugdale's _Diary_, under +the year 1658, is noted the following: + + "On All Hallow Even, the master of the family antiently used to carry a + bunch of straw, fired, about his corne, saying, + + 'Fire and red low, + Light on my teen low.'" + +Can any of your readers learned in ancient lore explain the custom and the +meaning of the couplet, well as its origin? Does it now at all prevail in +that county? + +J. B. WHITBORNE. + +_Nottinghamshire Customs._--1. The 29th of May is observed by the Notts +juveniles not only by wearing the usual piece of oak-twig, but each young +loyalist is armed with a nettle, as coarse as can be procured, with which +instrument of torture are coerced those unfortunates who are unprovided +with "royal oak," as it is called. Some who are unable to procure it +endeavour to avoid the penalty by wearing "dog-oak" (maple), but the +punishment is always more severe on discovery of the imposition. + +2. On Shrove Tuesday, the first pancake cooked is given to Chanticleer for +his sole gratification. + +3. The following matrimonial custom prevails at Wellow or Welley, as it is +called, a village in the heart of the county. The account is copied from +the _Notts Guardian_ of April 28, 1853: + + "Wellow. It has been a custom from time immemorial in this parish, when + the banns of marriage are published, for a person, selected by the + clerk, to rise and say 'God speed them well,' the clerk and + congregation responding, Amen! Owing to the recent death of the person + who officiated in this ceremony, last Sunday, after the banns of + marriage were read, a perfect silence prevailed, the person chosen, + either from want of courage or loss of memory, not performing his part + until after receiving an intimation from the clerk, and then in so + faint a tone as to be scarcely audible. His whispered good wishes were, + however, followed by a hearty Amen, mingled with some laughter in + different parts of the church." + +I do not know whether any notices of the above have appeared in "N. & Q.," +and send to inquire respecting 1. and 3. whether a similar custom holds +elsewhere; and whether 2. has any connexion with the disused practice of +cock-shying? + +FURVUS. + + * * * * * + + +Minor Notes. + +_A Centenarian Couple._--The obituary of _Blackwood's Magazine_ for August, +1821, contains the following: + + "Lately, in Campbell, County Virginia, Mr. Chas. Layne, sen., aged 121 + years, being born at Albemarle, near Buckingham county, 1700. He has + left a widow aged 110 years, and a numerous and respectable family down + to the fourth generation. He was a subject of four British sovereigns, + and a citizen of the United States for nearly forty-eight years. Until + within a few years he enjoyed all his faculties, and excellent health." + +The above extract is followed by notices of the deaths of Anne Bryan, of +Ashford, co. Waterford, aged 111; and Wm. Munro, gardener at Rose Hall, +aged 104. + +CUTHBERT BEDE, B.A. + +_"Veni, vidi, vici."_--To these remarkable and well-known words of the +Roman general, I beg to forward two more sententious despatches of +celebrated generals: + + _Suwarrow._ "Slava bogu! Slava vam! + Krepost Vzala, yiatam." + + "Glory to God and the Empress! Ismail's ours." + +It is also stated, I do not know on what authority, that the old and +lamented warrior, Sir Charles Napier, wrote on the conquest of Scinde, +"Peccavi." + +Perhaps some of your correspondents could add a few more pithy sentences on +a like subject. + +G. LLOYD. + +Dublin. + +_Autumnal Tints._--Scarce any one can have failed to notice the unusual +richness and brilliance of the autumnal tints on the foliage this year. I +have more particularly remarked this in Clydesdale, the lake districts of +Cumberland and Westmoreland, and in Somersetshire and Devonshire. Can any +of the contributors to "N. & Q." inform me if attributable to the +extraordinary wetness of the season? + +R. H. B. + +_Variety is pleasing._--Looking over my last year's note-book, I find the +following _morceau_, which I think ought to be preserved in "N. & Q.:" + + "Nov. 30, 1851. Observed in the window of the Shakspeare Inn a written + paper running thus: + + 'To be raffled for: + The finding of Moses, and six + Fat geeze(!!). + Tickets at the bar.'" + +R. C. WARDE. + +Kidderminster. + +_Rome and the Number Six._--It has been remarked lately in "N. & Q." that +in English history, the reign of the second sovereign of the same name has +been infelicitous. I cannot turn to the {491} note I read, and I forget +whether it noticed the remarks in Aubrey's _Miscellanies_ (London, 8vo., +1696), that "all the _second_ kings since the Conquest have been +unfortunate." It may be worth the while to add (what is remarked by Mr. +Matthews in his _Diary of an Invalid_), that the number _six_ has been +considered at Rome as ominous of misfortune. Tarquinius Sextus was the very +worst of the Tarquins, and his brutal conduct led to a revolution in the +government; under Urban the Sixth, the great schism of the West broke out; +Alexander the Sixth outdid all that his predecessors amongst the Tarquins +or the Popes had ventured to do before him; and the presentiment seemed to +receive confirmation in the misfortunes of the reign of his successor Pius +VI., to whose election was applied the line: + + "Semper sub sextis perdita Roma fuit." + +W. S. G. + +Newcastle-on-Tyne. + +_Zend Grammar._--The following fragment on Zend grammar having fallen in my +way, I inclose you a copy, as the remarks contained in it may be of service +to Oriental scholars. + +I am unable to state the author's name, although I suspect the MS. to be +from a highly important quarter. The subject-matter, however, is +sufficiently important to merit publication. + + "The _Zend_, of disputed authenticity, and the _Asmani Zuban_, a + notoriously fictitious tongue, compared." + + "It is well known that Sanscrit words abound in _Zend_; and that some + of its inflexions are formed by the rules of the Vyacaran or _Sanscrit_ + grammar. + + "It would therefore seem quite possible that by application of these + rules a grammar might be written of the _Zend_. Would such a + composition afford any proof of the disputed point--the authenticity of + the _Zend_? + + "I think it would not, and support my opinion by reasons founded on the + following facts. + + "The _Asmani Zuban_ of the Desstu is most intimately allied to Persian. + It is, in fact, fabricated out of that language, as is shown by clear + internal evidence. Now the grammatical structure of this fictitious + tongue is identical with that of Persian: and hence by following the + rules of Persian grammar, a grammar of the _Asmani Zuban_ might be + easily framed. But would this work advance the cause of forgery, and + tend to invest it with the quality of truth? No more, I answer, and for + the same reason, than is a grammar of the _Zend_, founded on the + Vyacaran, to be received in proof of the authenticity of that + language." + +KENNETH R. H. MACKENZIE. + +_The Duke's first Victory._--Perhaps it may interest the future author of +the life of the Duke of Wellington to be informed of his _first victory_. +It was not in India, as commonly supposed, but on Donnybrook Road, near +Dublin, that his first laurels were won. This appears from the _Freeman's +Journal_, September 18th, 1789, where we learn that in consequence of a +wager between him and Mr. Whaley of 150 guineas, the Hon. Arthur Wesley +walked from the five-mile stone on Donnybrook Road to the corner of the +circular road in Leeson Street, in fifty-five minutes, and that a number of +gentlemen rode with the walker, whose horses he kept in a tolerable smart +trot. When it is recollected that those were Irish miles, even deducting +the distance from Leeson Street to the Castle, whence the original +measurements were made, this walk must be computed at nearly six English +miles. + +OMICRON. + +_Straw Paper._--Various papers manufactured of straw are now in the market. +The pen moves so easily over any and all of them, that literary men should +give them a trial. As there seems considerable likelihood of this +manufacture being extensively introduced, on account of the dearness of +rags, &c., it is to be hoped that it will not be _improved_ into the +resemblance of ordinary paper. Time was when ordinary paper could be +written on in comfort, but that which adulterated Falstaff's sack spoiled +it for the purpose, and converted it into limed twigs to catch the winged +pen. + +M. + +_American Epitaph_ (Vol. viii., p. 273.).--The following lines are to be +seen on a tombstone in Virginia: + + "My name, my country, what are they to thee? + What whether high, or low, my pedigree? + Perhaps I far surpassed all other men: + Perhaps I fell behind them all--what then? + Suffice it, stranger, that thou see'st a tomb, + Thou know'st its use; it hides--no matter whom." + +W. W. + +Malta. + + * * * * * + + +Queries. + +LAURIE (?) ON CURRENCY, ETC. + +I have before me a bulky volume, apparently unpublished, treating of +currency and of many other politico-economical affairs; the authorship of +which I am desirous of tracing. If any reader of "N. & Q." can assist my +search I shall feel greatly obliged to him. + +This volume extends to 936 closely printed pages, and is altogether without +divisions either of book, chapter, or section. It has neither title-page, +conclusion, imprint, or date; and my copy seems to consist of revises or +"clean sheets" as they came from the press. The main gist of the work is +thus described, apparently by the author himself, in a MS. note which +occupies the place of the title-page: + + "It is here meant to show that in civilised nations money is an + emanating circulable wealth and power, {492} without which individuals + cannot go on in improvement on independent principles. It resolves + wealth into the forms most conducive to this object, and prepares for + the highest services both individuals and communities." + +The book, however, is extremely discursive, and no small portion of it is +devoted to foreign politics. Thus, of the "Eastern Question," the author +disposes in this fashion: + + "Austria, to answer its destination, ought to comprise Wallachia, + Bessarabia, Moldavia, and, following the line of demarcation drawn by + the Danube, the whole territory at its debouchment.... Turkey cannot + regard the sacrifices proposed as of much importance, when such + security as that now in contemplation could be obtained. The whole + strength of her immense empire is at present drained to support her + contest on this very barrier with Russia. But that barrier, it is + evident, would this way be effectually secured: for Austria has too + many points of importance to protect, to dream of creating new ones on + this feeble yet extended confine of her domains."--Pp. 835, 836. + +From internal evidence, the book appears to have been written between 1812 +and 1815. It is printed in half-sheets, from sig. A to sig. 6 B, and three +half-sheets are wanting, viz. E, 5 Q, and 5 R. In place of the last two, +the following MS. note is inserted: + + "The speculations in the two following sheets included views that + related to the disorganised state of Turkey, and the unhappy dependence + of the Bourbon family; which are now, from the changes which have taken + place, altogether unfit for publication." + +The sole indication of the authorship which I have observed throughout the +volume lies in the following foot-note, at p. 893.: + + "This is all that seems to be necessary to say on the subject of + education. In a treatise published by me a few years ago, entitled + _Improvements in Glasgow_, I think I have exhausted," &c.[6] + +The only treatise with such a title which I find in Watt's _Bibliotheca +Britannica_ is thus entered: + + "LAURIE, David. Proposed improvements in Glasgow. Glasg., 1810, + 8vo.--Hints regarding the East India Monopoly, 1813. 2s." + +My _Queries_ then are these: + +1. Is anything known of such a treatise on "circulable wealth," &c., as +that which I have named? + +2. Is any biographical notice extant of the "David Laurie" mentioned by +Watt? + +I may add that the volume in question was recently purchased along with +about 1000 other pamphlets and books, chiefly on political economy: all of +which appear to have formerly belonged to the late Lord Bexley, and to have +been for the most part collected by him when Chancellor of the Exchequer. + +E. + +Old Trafford, near Manchester. + +[Footnote 6: I find no mention of Mr. Laurie, or of his "Improvements in +Glasgow," in Cleland's _Annals of Glasgow_, published in 1816, nor is he +mentioned in Mr. McCulloch's _Literature of Political Economy_.] + + * * * * * + +"DONATUS REDIVIVUS." + +Can you, or any of your correspondents, give me any information relative to +the history or authorship of the following pamphlet?-- + + "Donatus Redivivus: or a Reprimand to a modern Church-Schismatick, for + his Revival of the Donatistical Heresy of Rebaptization, in Defiance to + the Judgment and Practice of the Catholick Church, and of the Church of + England in particular. In a Letter to Himself. London, 1714." + +The same tract (precisely identical, except in the title-page) is also to +be found with the following title: + + "Rebaptization condemned. Wherein is shown, 1. That to Rebaptize any + Person that was once Baptiz'd, even by Laymen, in the name of the + Sacred Trinity, is contrary to the Practice of the Catholick Church in + all Ages. 2. That it is repugnant to the Principles and Practice of the + Church of England. 3. The Pernicious Consequences of such a Practice. + By the Author of Plain Dealing, or Separation without Schism," &c. + London, 1716. + +I am aware that, according to Dr. Watt, the author of _Plain Dealing_ was +Charles Owen, D.D., but he makes no mention of _Donatus Redivivus_, and I +am unable to discover any account of Dr. Charles Owen or his writings +elsewhere. There appears to have been a reply to _Donatus Redivivus_, +purporting to be from the pen of a Mrs. Jane Chorlton. This I have never +seen, and have only learned of its existence from a subsequent pamphlet +with the following title: + + "The Amazon Disarm'd: or, the Sophisms of a Schismatical Pamphlet, + pretendedly writ by a Gentlewoman, entituled An Answer to Donatus + Redivivus, exposed and confuted; being a further Vindication of the + Church of England from the scandalous imputation of Donatism or + Rebaptization. London, 1714." + +The dedication of this last tract begins as follows: + + "To the Reverend Mr. L--ter, and the Demi-reverend Mr. M--l--n. + + "Gentlemen, + + "This letter belongs to you upon a double account, as you were the + chief Actors in the late Rebaptizaton, and are the supposed Vindicators + of it, in the Answer to Donatus: a Treatise writ in Defence of the + Sentiments of the Church, which you father upon a Dissenting Minister, + and disingenuously point out to Mr. O----n by Name," &c. + +The point which I wish particularly to ascertain is, whether Dr. Charles +Owen was really the {493} author of either of the tracts I have mentioned; +and if so, who he was, and where I can find an account of him and his +writings. + +[Greek: Halieus]. + +Dublin. + + * * * * * + + +Minor Queries. + +_Henry Scobell._--Henry Scobell, compiler of a well-known Collection of +Acts, was for several years clerk to the Long Parliament. I should be glad +to learn what became of him after the dissolution of that assembly. + +A LEGULEIAN. + +_The Court House._--This place is situated in Painswick, in +Gloucestershire, and has been described to me as an old out-of-the-way +place. Where can I meet with a full description of it? Is the tradition +that a king--supposed to be either the first or second Charles--ever slept +there true? + +F. M. + +_Ash-trees attract Lightning._--Is it true that ash-trees are more +attractive to lightning than any others? and the reason, because the +surface of the ground around is drier than round other trees? + +C. S. W. + +_Symbol of Sow, &c._--A sow suckled by a litter of young pigs is a common +representation carved on the bosses of the roofs of churches. What is this +symbolical of? + +F. G. C. + +Ottery St. Mary. + +_Passage in Blackwood._-- + + "I sate, and wept in secret the tears that men have ever given _to the + memory of those that died before the dawn_, and by the treachery of + earth our mother."--_Blackwood's Magazine_, December, 1849, p. 72., 3rd + line, second column. + +Will some of your readers give information respecting the above words in +Italic? + +D. N. O. + +_Rathband Family._--Can any of your readers assist me in distinguishing +between the several members of this clerical family, which flourished +during the period of the Commonwealth, and immediately preceding? From +Palmer's _Nonconformist Mem._ (vol. i. p. 520.), there was a Mr. William +Rathband, M.A., ejected from Southwold, a member of Oxford University, who +was brother to Mr. Rathband, sometime preacher in the Minster of York, and +son of an old Nonconformist minister, Mr. W. Rathband, who wrote against +the Brownists.--I should feel obliged by any information which would +identify them with the livings they severally held. + +OLIVER. + +_Encaustic Tiles from Caen._--In the town of Caen, in Normandy, is an +ancient Gothic building standing in the grounds of the ancient convent of +the Benedictines, now used as a college. This building, which is commonly +known as the "Salle des Gardes de Guillaume le Conquerant," was many years +ago paved with glazed emblazoned earthenware tiles, which were of the +dimensions of about five inches square, and one and a quarter thick; the +subjects of them are said to be the arms of some of the chiefs who +accompanied William the Conqueror to England. Some antiquaries said these +tiles were of the age of William I.; others that they could only date from +Edward III. I find it stated in the _Gentleman's Magazine_ for March, 1789, +vol. lix. p. 211., that twenty of the tiles above spoken of were taken up +by the Benedictine monks, and sent as a present to Charles Chadwick, Esq., +Healey Hall, Lancashire, in 1786. The rest of the tiles were destroyed by +the revolutionists, with the exception of some which were fortunately saved +by the Abbe de la Rue and M. P. A. Lair, of Caen. What I wish to inquire +is, firstly, who was Charles Chadwick, Esq.? and secondly, supposing that +he is no longer living, which I think from the lapse of time will be most +probable, does any one know what became of the tiles which he had received +from France in 1786? + +GEORGE BOASE. + +P.S.--The _Gentleman's Magazine_ gives a plate of these tiles, as well as a +plate of some others with which another ancient building, called "Grand +Palais de Guillaume le Conquerant," was paved. + +Alverton Vean, Penzance. + +_Artificial Drainage._--Can any of your correspondents refer me to a work, +or works, giving a history of draining marshes by machines for raising the +water to a higher level? Windmills, I suppose, were the first machines so +used, but neither Beckmann nor Dugdale informs us when first used. I have +found one mentioned in a conveyance dated 1642, but they were much earlier. +Any information on the history of the drainage of the marshes near Great +Yarmouth, of which Dugdale gives passing notice only, would also be very +acceptable to me. + +E. G. R. + +_Storms at the Death of great Men._--Your correspondent at Vol. vi., p. +531., mentions "the storms which have been noticed to take place at the +time of the death of many great men known to our history." + +A list of these would be curious. With a passing reference to the familiar +instance of the Crucifixion, as connected with all history, we may note, as +more strictly belonging to the class, those storms that occurred at the +deaths of "The Great Marquis" of Montrose, 21st May, 1650; Cromwell, 3rd +September, 1658; Elizabeth Gaunt, who was burnt 23rd October, 1685, and +holds her reputation as the last female who suffered death for a political +offence in England; and Napoleon, 5th May, 1821; as well as that which +solemnised {494} the burial of Sir Walter Scott, 26th September, 1832. + +W. T. M. + +Hong Kong. + +_Motto or Wylcotes' Brass._--In the brass of Sir John Wylcotes, Great Tew +Church, Oxfordshire, the following motto occurs: + + "IN . ON . IS . AL." + +I shall feel obliged if any one of your numerous correspondents will +enlighten my ignorance by explaining it to me. + +W. B. D. + +Lynn. + +_"Trail through the leaden sky," &c._-- + + "Trail through the leaden sky their bannerets of fire." + +Where is this line to be found, as applied to the spirits of the storm? + +R. C. WARDE. + +Kidderminster. + +_Lord Audley's Attendants at Poictiers._--According to the French historian +Froissart, four knights or esquires, whose names he does not supply, +attended the brave Lord Audley at the memorable battle of Poictiers, who, +some English historians say, were Sir John Delves of Doddington, Sir Thomas +Dutton of Dutton, Sir Robert Fowlehurst of Crewe (all these places being in +Cheshire), and Sir John Hawkstone of Wrinehill in Staffordshire; whilst +others name Sir James de Mackworth of Mackworth in Derbyshire, and Sir +Richard de Tunstall _alias_ Sneyde of Tunstall in Staffordshire, as _two of +such knights or esquires_. The accuracy of Froissart as an historian has +never been questioned; and as he expressly names only _four_ attendants on +Lord Audley at the battle of Poictiers, it is extremely desirable it should +be ascertained if possible which of the six above-named knights really were +the companions of Lord Audley Froissart alludes to; and probably some of +your learned correspondents may be able to clear up the doubts on the point +raised by our historians. + +T. J. + +Worcester. + +_Roman Catholic Bible Society._--About the year 1812, or 1813, a Roman +Catholic Bible Society was established in London, in which Mr. Charles +Butler, and many other leading gentlemen, took a warm part. How long did it +continue? Why was it dissolved? Did it publish any annual _reports_, or +issue any book or tract, besides an edition of the New Testament in 1815? +Where can the fullest account of it be found? + +Will any gentleman be kind enough to _sell_, or even to _lend_, me Blair's +_Correspondence on the Roman Catholic Bible Society_, a pamphlet published +in 1813, which I have not been able to meet with at a bookseller's shop, +and am very desirous to see. + +HENRY COTTON. + +Thurles, Ireland. + + * * * * * + + +Minor Queries with Answers. + +_"Vox Populi Vox Dei."_--Lieber, in the last chapter of his _Civil +Liberty_, treating of this dictum, ascribes its origin to the Middle Ages, +acknowledging, however, that he is unable to give anything very definite. +Sir William Hamilton, in his edition of the _Works_ of Thomas Reid, gives +the concluding words of Hesiod's _Works and Days_ thus: + + "The word proclaimed by the concordant voice of mankind fails not; for + in man speaks God." + +And to this the great philosopher adds: + + "Hence the adage (?), 'Vox Populi vox Dei.'" + +The sign of interrogation is Sir William Hamilton's, and he was right to +put it; for whatever the psychological connexion between Hesiod's dictum +and V. P. V. D. may be, there is surely no historical. "Vox Populi vox Dei" +is a different concept, breathing the spirit of a different age. + +How far back, then, can the dictum in these very words be traced? + +Does it, as Lieber says, originally belong to the election of bishops by +the people? + +Or was it of Crusade origin? + +America begs Europe to give her facts, not speculation, and hopes that +Europe will be good enough to comply with her request. Europe has given the +serious "V. P. V. D." to America, so she may as well give its history to +America too. + +AMERICUS. + + [As this Query of AMERICUS contains some new illustration of the + history of this phrase, we have given it insertion, although the + subject has already been discussed in our columns. The writer will, + however, find that the earliest known instances of the use of the + sayings are, by William of Malmesbury, who, speaking of Odo yielding + his consent to be Archbishop of Canterbury, A.D. 920, says: "Recogitans + illud Proverbium, _Vox Populi Vox Dei_;" and by Walter Reynolds, + Archbishop of Canterbury, who, as we learn from Walsingham, took it as + his text for the sermon which he preached when Edward III. was called + to the throne, from which the people had pulled down Edward II. + AMERICUS is farther referred to Mr. G. Cornewall Lewis' _Essay on the + Influence of Authority in Matters of Opinion_ (pp. 172, 173., and the + accompanying notes) for some interesting remarks upon it. See farther, + "N. & Q.," Vol. i., pp. 370. 419. 492.; Vol. iii., pp. 288. 381.] + +_"Lanquettes Cronicles."_--Of what date is the earliest printed copy of +these Chronicles? The oldest I am acquainted with is 1560, in quarto +(continued up to 1540 by Bishop Cooper). Is this edition rare? + +R. C. WARDE. + +Kidderminster. + + [The earliest edition is that printed by T. Berthelet, 4to., 1549. The + first two parts of this Chronicle, {495} and the beginning of the + third, as far as the seventeenth year after Christ, were composed by + Thomas Lanquet, a young man of twenty-four years of age. Owing to his + early death, Bishop Cooper finished the work; and his part, which is + the third, contains almost thrice as much as Lanquet's two parts, being + taken from Achilles Pyrminius. When it was finished, a surreptitious + edition appeared in 1559, under the title of Lanquet's _Chronicle_; + hereupon the bishop protested against "the vnhonest dealynge" of this + book, edited by Thomas Crowley, in the next edition, entitled Cooper's + _Chronicle_, "printed in the house late Thomas Berthelettes," 1560. The + running title to the first and second parts is, "Lanquet's Chronicle;" + and to the third, "The Epitome of Chronicles." The other editions are, + "London, 1554," 4to., and "London, 1565," 4to. We should think the + edition of 1560 rare: it was in the collections of Mr. Heber and Mr. + Herbert. In this work the following memorable passage occurs, under the + year 1542:--"One named Johannes Faustius fyrste founde the crafte of + printynge in the citee of Mens in Germanie."] + +_"Our English Milo."_--Bishop Hall extols in his _Heaven upon Earth_ the +valour of a countryman in a Spanish bull-fight (see p. 335., collected ed. +_Works_, 1622). Of whom does he speak? + +R. C. WARDE. + +Kidderminster. + + [If we may offer a conjecture, in the passage cited the bishop seems to + refer to that "greatest scourge of Spain" Sir Walter Raleigh, and not + so much to a bull-fight as to the Spanish Armada. The bishop is + prescribing Expectation as a remedy for Crosses, and says, "Is it not + credible what a fore-resolved mind can do--can suffer? Could our + English Milo, of whom Spain yet speaketh, since their last peace, have + overthrown that furious beast, made now more violent through the rage + of his baiting, if he had not settled himself in his station, and + expected?" Sir Walter's "fore-resolved and expectant mind" was shown in + the publication of his treatise, _Notes of Directions for the Defence + of the Kingdom_, written three years before the Spanish invasion of + 1588.] + +_"Delights for Ladies."_--I lately picked up a small volume entitled-- + + "Delights for Ladies; to adorn their Persons, Tables, Closets, and + Distillatories, with Beauties, Bouquets, Perfumes, and Waters. Reade, + practise, and censure." London, Robert Young. 1640. + +Who is the author of this interesting little work? Some one has written on +the fly-leaf, "See Douce's _Illustrations of Shakspeare_, vol. i. p. 69., +where there is a reference to this curious little book;" but as I cannot +readily lay my hand on Douce, I will feel obliged for the information +sought for from any of your valued correspondents. + +GEORGE LLOYD. + +Dublin. + + [The author was Sir Hugh Plat, who, says Harte, "not to mention his + most excellent talents, was the most ingenious husbandman of the age he + lived in. In a word, no man ever discovered, or at least brought into + use, so many new sorts of manure." The _Delights for Ladies_ first + appeared in 1602, and passed through several editions. Douce merely + quotes this work. Plat was the author of several other works: see Watt + and Lowndes.] + +_Burton's Death._--Did Burton, author of _Anatomy of Melancholy_, commit +suicide? + +C. S. W. + + [The supposition that Robert Burton committed suicide originated from a + statement found in Wood's _Athenae_, vol. ii. p. 653. (Bliss). Wood + says, "He, the said R. Burton, paid his last debt to nature in his + chamber in Christ Church, at or very near that time which he had some + years before foretold from the calculation of his own nativity; which, + being exact, several of the students did not forbear to whisper among + themselves that, rather than there should be a mistake in the + calculation, he sent up his soul to heaven through a slip about his + neck."] + +_Joannes Audoenus._--I shall be obliged by any notices of the personal or +literary history of John Owen, the famous Latin epigrammatist, in addition +to those furnished by the _Athenae Oxonienses_. Wood remarks, that "whereas +he had made many epigrams on several people, so few were made on or written +to him. Among the few, one by Stradling, and another by Dunbar, a Scot," I +have met with one allusion to him among the epigrams of T. Bancroft, 4to., +Lond. 1639, signat. A 3.: + + "_To the Reader._ + + Reader, till Martial thou hast well survey'd, + Or Owen's wit with Jonson's learning weighed, + Forbeare with thanklesse censure to accuse + My writ of errour, or condemne my Muse." + +As translators of Audoenus, Wood mentions, in 1619, Joh. Vicars, usher of +Christ's Hospital school, as having rendered some select epigrams, and +Thomas Beck six hundred of Owen's, with other epigrams from Martial and +More, under the title of _Parnassi Puerperium_, 8vo., Lond. 1659. In +addition to these I find, in a catalogue of Lilly, King Street, Covent +Garden, No. 4., 1844: + + "HAYMAN, Robert. Certaine Epigrams out of the First Foure Bookes of the + excellent Epigrammatist Master John Owen, translated into English at + Harbor Grace in Bristol's Hope, anciently called Newfoundland, 4to., + unbound; a rare poetical tract, 1628, 10s. 6d." + +BALLIOLENSIS. + + [The personal and literary history of John Owen (_Audoenus_) is given + in the _Biographia Britannica_, vol. v., and in Chalmers' and Rose's + Biographical Dictionaries.] + +_Hampden's Death._--Was the great patriot Hampden actually slain by the +enemy on Chalgrove Field? or was his death, as some have asserted, {496} +caused by the bursting of his own pistol, owing to its having been +incautiously overcharged? + +T. J. + +Worcester. + + [See the _Gentleman's Magazine_ for May, 1815, p. 395., for "A true and + faithfull Narrative of the Death of Master Hambden, who was mortally + wounded at Challgrove Fight, A.D. 1643, and on the 18th of June." From + this narrative we learn, that whilst Hampden was fighting against + Prince Rupert at Chalgrove Field, he was struck with two carbine-balls + in the shoulder, which broke the bone, and terminated fatally.] + + * * * * * + + +Replies. + +"PINECE WITH A STINK." + +(Vol. viii., pp. 270. 350.) + +I would not have meddled with this subject if R. G., getting on a wrong +scent, had not arrived at the very extraordinary conclusion that Bramhall +meant a "pinnace," and an "offensive composition well known to sailors!" + +The earliest notice that I have met with of the _pinece_ in an English +work, is in the second part of the _Secrets of Maister Alexis of Piemont_, +translated by W. Warde, Lond. 1568. There I find the following +secrets--worth knowing, too, if effective: + + "_Against stinking vermin called Punesies._--If you rub your bedsteede + with squilla stamped with vinaigre, or with the leaves of cedar tree + sodden in oil, you shall never feel punese. Also if you set under the + bed a payle full of water the puneses will not trouble you at all." + +Butler, in the first canto of the third part of _Hudibras_, also mentions +it thus: + + "And stole his talismanic louse-- + His flea, his morpion, and punaise." + +If the Querist refers to his French dictionary he will soon discover the +meaning of _morpion_ and _punaise_--the latter without doubt the _pinece_ +of Bishop Bramhall. Cotgrave, in his _French-English Dictionary_, London, +1650, defines _punaise_ to be "the noysome and stinking vermin called the +bed punie." + +It may be bad taste to dwell any longer on this subject; but as it +illustrates a curious fact in natural history, and as it has been well +said, that whatever the Almighty has thought proper to create is not +beneath the study of mankind, I shall crave a word or two more. + +The _pinece_ is not originally a native of this country; and that is the +reason why, so many years after its first appearance in England, it was +known only by a corruption of its French name _punaise_, or its German +appellation _wandlaus_ (wall-louse). Penny, a celebrated physician and +naturalist in the reign of Henry VII., discovered it at Mortlake in rather +a curious manner. Mouffet, in his _Theatrum Insectorum_ (Lond. 1634), thus +relates the story: + + "Anno 1503, dum haec Pennio scriptitaret, Mortlacum Tamesin adjacentem + viculum, magna festinatione accersebatur ad duas nobiles, magno metu ex + cimicum vestigiis percussas, et quid nescio contagionis valde veritas. + Tandem recognita, ac bestiolis captis, risu timorem omnem excussat." + +Mouffet also tells us that in his time the insect was little known in +England, though very common on the Continent, a circumstance which he +ascribes to the superior cleanliness of the English: + + "Munditiem frequentemque lectulorum et culcitrarem lotionem, cum Galli, + Germani, et Itali minus curant, pariunt magis hane pestem, Angli autem + munditei et cultus studiosissimi rarius iis laborant." + +Ray, in his _Historia Insectorum_, published in 1710, merely terms it the +_punice_ or wall-louse; indeed, I am not aware that the modern name of the +insect appears in print previous to 1730, when one Southal published _A +Treatise of Buggs_. Southal appears to have been an illiterate person; and +he erroneously ascribes the introduction of the insect into this country to +the large quantities of foreign fir used to rebuild London after the Great +Fire. + +The word _bug_, signifying a frightful object or spectre, derived from the +Celtic and the root of _bogie_, bug-aboo, bug-bear--is well known in our +earlier literature. Spenser, Shakspeare, Milton, Beaumont and Fletcher, +Holinshed and many others, use it; and in Matthew's _Bible_, the fifth +verse of the ninety-first psalm is rendered: + + "Thou shalt not nede to be afraid of any bugs by night." + +Thus we see that a real "terror of the night" in course of time, assumed, +by common consent, the title of the imaginary evil spirit of our ancestors. + +One word more. I can see no difficulty in tracing the derivation of the +word _humbug_, without going to Hamburg, Hume of the Bog, or any such +distant sources. In Grose's _Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue_, I find the +word _hum_ signifying deceive. Peter Pindar, too, writes writes: + + "Full many a trope from bayonet and drum + He threaten'd but behold! 'twas all a hum." + +Now, the rustic who frightens his neighbour with a turnip lanthorn and a +white sheet, or the spirit-rapping medium, who, for a consideration, treats +his verdant client with a communication from the unseen world, most +decidedly humbugs him; that is, hums or deceives him with an imaginary +spirit, or bug. + +W. PINKERTON. + +Ham. + +I take it that the editor of Archbishop Bramhall's _Works_ was judicious in +not altering the {497} word _pinece_ to _pinnace_, as an object very +different from the latter was meant; _i. e._ a _cimex_, who certainly +_revenges_ any attack upon his person with a _stink_. _Pinece_ is only a +mistaken orthography of _punese_, the old English name of the obnoxious +insect our neighbours still call a _punaise_ (see Cotgrave _in voce_). +Florio says "Cimici, a kinde of vermine in Italie that breedeth in beds and +biteth sore, called punies or wall-lice." We have it in fitting company in +_Hudibras_, III. 1.: + + "And stole his talismanic louse, + His flea, his morpion, and punese." + +This is only one more instance of the danger of altering the orthography, +or changing an obsolete word, the meaning of which is not immediately +obvious. The substitution of _pinnace_ would have been entirely to depart +from the meaning of the Archbishop. + +S. W. S. + + * * * * * + +MONUMENTAL BRASSES ABROAD. + +(Vol. vi., p. 167.) + +A recent visit to the cathedral of Aix-la-Chapelle enables me to add the +following Notes to the list already published in "N. & Q." + +The brasses are five in number, and are all contained in a chapel on the +north-west side of the dome: + +1. Arnoldus de Meroide, 1487, is a mural, rectangular plate (3' . 10" x 2' +. 4"), on the upper half of which are engraved the Virgin and Child, to +whom an angel presents a kneeling priest, and St. Bartholomew with knife +and book. + +2. Johannes Pollart, 1534, is also mural and rectangular (5' . 2-1/2" x 2' . +4"), but is broken into two unequal portions, now placed side by side. The +upper half of the larger piece has the following engraving:--In the centre +stands the Virgin, wearing an arched imperial crown. Angels swing censers +above her head. St. John Baptist, on her right hand, presents a kneeling +priest in surplice and alb; and St. Christopher bears "the mysterious +Child" on her left. The lower half contains part of the long inscription +which is completed on the smaller detached piece. + +3. Johannes et Lambertus Munten, 1546. This is likewise mural and +rectangular (2' . 11-1/2" x 2' . 1"). It is _painted_ a deep blue colour, and +has an inscription in gilt letters, at the foot of which is depicted an +emaciated figure, wrapped in a shroud and lying upon an altar-tomb: large +worms creep round the head and feet. + +4. Johannes Paiel, 1560. Mural, rectangular (3' . 4" x 2' . 4-1/4"). This is +_painted_ as the last-mentioned plate, and represents the Virgin and Child +in a flaming aureole. Her feet rest in a crescent, around which is twisted +a serpent; on her right hand stand St. John Baptist and the Holy Lamb, each +bearing a cross; and to her left is St. Mary Magdalene, who presents a +kneeling priest. + +5. Henricus de .... This is on the floor in front of the altar-rails, and +consists of a rectangular plate (2' . 9" x 2' . 1"), on which is +represented an angel wearing a surplice and a stole semee of crosses +fitchee, and supporting a shield bearing three fleurs-de-lis, with as many +crosses fitchee. A partially-effaced inscription runs round the plate, +within a floriated margin, and with evangelistic symbols at the corners. + +In the centre of the choir of Cologne Cathedral lies a _modern_ rectangular +brass plate (8' . 10" x 3' . 11") to the memory of a late archbishop, +Ferdinandus Augustus, 1835. + +Beneath a single canopy is a full-length picture of the archbishop in +eucharistic vestments (the stole unusually short), a pall over his +shoulders, and an elaborate pastoral staff in his hand. + +JOSIAH CATO. + +Kennington. + + * * * * * + +MILTON'S "LYCIDAS." + +(Vol. ii., p. 246.; Vol. vi., p. 143.) + +Your correspondent JARLTZBERG, at the first reference, asks for the sense +of the passage,-- + + "Besides what the grim wolf with privy paw + Daily devours apace, and nothing sed: + But that two-handed engine at the door + Stands ready to smite once, and smite no more." + +My own view of this passage strongly testifies against the interpretation +of another passage at the second reference. + +The _two-handed engine_, I am positive, is St. Michael's sword. Farther on +in the poem the bard addresses the angel St. Michael (according to Warton), +who is conceived as guarding the Mount from enemies with a drawn sword, for +in this form I apprehend does tradition state the vision to have been seen; +and he bids him to desist from looking out for enemies towards the coast of +Spain, and to "look homeward," at one of his own shepherds who is being +washed ashore, in all probability upon this very promontory. Milton +elsewhere (_Par. Lost_, book vi. 251.) speaks of the "huge two-handed sway" +of this sword of St. Michael; and here, in _Lycidas_ he repeats the epithet +to identify the instrument which is to accomplish the destruction of the +wolf. St. Michael's sword is to smite off the head of Satan, who at the +door of Christ's fold is, "with privy paw," daily devouring the hungry +sheep. Note here that, according to some theologians, the archangel +Michael, in prophecy, means Christ himself. (See the authorities quoted by +Heber, _Bampton Lectures_, iv. note _l_, p. 242.) Hence it is His business +to preserve _His own_ sheep. In the Apocalypse the final blow of St. +Michael's (or Christ's) two-edged sword, which {498} is to cleave the +serpent's head, is made a distinct subject of prophecy. (See Rev. xii. +7-10.) + +While on this subject allow me to ask, Can a dolphin waft? Can a shore +wash? + +C. MANSFIED INGLEBY. + +Birmingham. + + * * * * * + +SCHOOL LIBRARIES. + +(Vol. viii., pp. 220. 395.) + +In returning thanks to those of your correspondents who replied to my +Query, I ought, perhaps, to have begged to learn such of our public schools +that were _without_ libraries, as the best means of obtaining for them +bequests or gifts that would form a nucleus of a good library. For example, +a correspondent informs me that the governors of Queen Elizabeth's Grammar +School, Wimborne, Dorset, are laying by 10l. a year towards the purchase of +books for that purpose: that having no library at present, there now is a +favourable opportunity for either a gift or a bequest: but I should in any +case prefer a selection of works likely to prove readable for young people, +as history, biography, travels, and the popular works of science. + +I can quite imagine that Eton, Winchester, Westminster, Harrow, Shrewsbury, +and other similar great schools, would have such libraries, but these are +not half the number of our public foundations; the wealthy schools above +mentioned, and the rich men's children who go to them, would be in a sad +plight indeed were they not amply provided for in such matters. But there +are others whose mission is not less important, perhaps more so; and on +this head none would be better pleased than I to find I laboured under an +"erroneous impression," as remarked by ETONENSIS. The English public +appeared to have an "erroneous impression" that they were better provided +with books than any other people a short time ago, till it was disproved +when the agitation respecting parochial libraries was set on foot, the +facts appearing on the institution of the Marylebone public library. + +It has been shown that in France and Germany the public libraries, and the +volumes in them, far exceed any that we possess; a strange fact, when we +are better provided with standard authors than any other language in the +world. I should much wish these brief parallels answered. The city of Lyons +has a magnificent public library of 100,000 vols., open to all; how many +has her rival Manchester? Boulogne has a public library of 16,000 vols.; +how many has Southampton? From the obliging notices of correspondents in +"N. & Q.," we have had several articles on parochial libraries, and the sum +of the whole appears to be most miserable; surely some bad system has +prevailed either in not having proper places for them, or in some other +fault. In one place the resident clergyman sells them: surely if they were +combined under some enlarged plan, people desirous of making bequests or +gifts would do so very willingly when they knew they would be cared for and +made use of; for it is probably the case that private libraries are more +numerous here than abroad, and that there are altogether more books in the +country. I am told by a correspondent that in his time there were no books +at Christ's Hospital, therefore the bequest made is, I presume, a late one; +and if such is the case, it will be a favourable opportunity for the +governors of that school to enlarge the collection and make it available to +the scholars. + +If, therefore, our schools are no better provided than our public +libraries, the inquiry may be of service; but if they are, it cannot do +harm to know their condition. It is true I have heard of but one public +school hitherto that has no library and wants one, but I shall remain +unsatisfied till other returns make their appearance in "N. & Q." or +privately, when, if it should appear I have taken a wrong opinion, I shall +be as please as anybody else to find myself mistaken. + +WELD TAYLOR. + +Bayswater. + +In answer to your correspondent MR. WELD TAYLOR'S Query on this subject, +may I be allowed to say that at Tonbridge School, where I was educated, +there is a very good general library, consisting of the best classical +works in our own language, travels, chronicles, histories, and the best +works of fiction and poetry, and I believe all modern periodicals. + +This library is under the care of the head boy for the time being, and he, +with the other monitors, acts as librarian. Books are given out, I believe, +daily; the library is maintained by the boys themselves, and few leave the +school without making some contribution to its funds, or placing some work +on its shelves. + +The head master, the Rev. Dr. Welldon, approves of all books before they +are added to the library. + +There is also what is called the "Sunday Library," consisting of standard +works of theology and church history, and other works, chiefly presented by +the head and other masters, to induce a taste for such reading. + +I am sorry that MR. WELD TAYLOR should have to complain of the _general_ +ignorance of public schoolboys; but I know I may on behalf of the head boy +of Tonbridge say, he will be happy to acknowledge any contribution from MR. +WELD TAYLOR, which he may be disposed to give, towards the removal of this +charge. + +G. BRINDLEY ACWORTH. + +Star Hill, Rochester. + +{499} + + * * * * * + +CAWDRAY'S "TREASURIE OF SIMILIES," AND SIMILE OF MAGNETIC NEEDLE. + +(Vol. viii., p. 386.) + +There can be no doubt as to the authorship of the _Store-house of +Similies_. The work is now before me, and the title-page is as follows: + + "A Treasurie or Store-house of Similies; both Pleasaunt, Delightfull, + and Profitable for all Estates of Men in Generall: newly collected into + Heades and Common Places. By Robert Cawdray. London: printed by Thomas + Creede, 1609." + +The only reference to his Life, which I can find, is in "The Epistle +Dedicatorie;" and two ancestors of mine, "Sir John Harington, Knight, and +the Worshipful James Harington, Esquire, his brother," in which, when +assigning his reasons for the "Dedication," he says: + + "Calling to mind (right worshipfuls) not only the manifold curtesies + and benefits, which I found and received, now more than thirty years + ago, _when I taught the grammar schoole at Okeham in Rutland_, and + sundry times since, of the religious and virtuous lady, Lucie + Harington," &c. + +The "Dedication" is subscribed "Robert Cawdray." Cawdray was also the +author of a work _On the Profit and Necessity of Catechising_, London, +1592, 8vo. + +E. C. HARINGTON. + +The Close, Exeter. + + * * * * * + +The "Epistle Dedicatorie," as well as the title-page, appears to be wanting +in J. H. S.'s copy of Robert Cawdray's _Store-house_, which was "printed by +Thomas Creede, London, 1609." From this we find that it was dedicated to +"his singular benefactors, Sir John Harington, Knight, as also to the +Worshipfull James Harington, Esquire, his brother," whose "great kindness +and favourable good will (during my long trouble, and since)" the author +afterwards "calls to mind," and also the "manifold curtesies and benefites +which I found and received, now more than thirtie years agoe (when I taught +the Grammar School at Okeham in Rutland, and sundrie times since) of the +religious and vertuous lady, _Lucie Harington_ your Worship's Mother, and +my especial friend in the Lord." Would this be the "lady, a prudent woman," +who "had the princess Elizabeth committed to her government" (vide Fuller's +_Worthies_, Rutlandshire)? + +J. H. S.'s Query recalls two examples of the "magnetic needle simile" (Vol. +vi. and vii. _passim_), which Cawdray has garnered in his _Store-house_, +and which fact would probably account for their appearance in many sermons +of the period, as the book being expressly intended to "lay open, rip up, +and display in their kindes," "verie manie most horrible and foule vices +and dangerous sinnes of all sorts;" and the "verie fitte similitudes" being +for the most part "borrowed from manie kindes and sundrie naturall things, +both in the Olde and New Testament," and being as the writer says "for +preachers profitable," would find a place on many a clerical shelf; and its +contents be freely used to "learnedly beautifie their matter, and brauely +garnish and decke out" their discourses. I fear that I have already +encroached too much on your valuable space, but send copies for use at +discretion. In the first, the "Sayler's Gnomon" is used as an emblem of the +constancy which ought to animate every "Christian man;" and in the second, +of steadfastness amidst the temptations of the world. I shall be glad to +know more of Cawdray than the trifles I have gathered from his book: + + "Euen as the Sayler's Gnomon, or rule, which is commonly called the + mariner's needle, doth alwayes looke towards the north poole, and will + euer turne towards the same, howsoeuer it bee placed: which is + maruellous in that instrument and needle, whereby the mariners doo + knowe the course of the windes: Euen so euerie Christian man ought to + direct the eyes of his minde, and the wayes of his heart, to Christ; + who is our north poole, and that fixed and constant north starre, + whereby we ought all to bee governed: for hee is our hope and our + trust; hee is our strength, whereupon wee must still relie." + + "Like as the Gnomon dooth euer beholde the north starre, whether it be + closed and shutte uppe in a coffer of golde, siluer, or woode, neuer + loosing his nature: So a faithfull Christian man, whether hee abound in + wealth, or bee pinched with pouertie, whether hee bee of high or lowe + degree in this worlde, ought continually to haue his faith and hope + surely built and grounded uppon Christ: and to haue his heart and minde + fast fixed and settled in him, and to follow him through thicke and + thinne, through fire and water, through warres and peace, through + hunger and colde, through friendes and foes, through a thousand + perilles and daungers, through the surges and waues of enuie, malice, + hatred, euill speeches, rayling sentences, contempt of the worlde, + flesh, and diuell: and, euen in death itselfe, bee it neuer so bitter, + cruell, and tyrannicall; yet neuer to loose the sight and viewe of + Christ, neuer to giue ouer our faith, hope, and trust in him." + +SIGMA. + +Stockton. + + * * * * * + +Robert Cawdray, the author of _A Treasurie or Store-house of Similes_, was +a Nonconformist divine of learning and piety. Having entered into the +sacred function about 1566, he was presented by Secretary Cecil to the +rectory of South Luffenham in Rutlandshire. After he had been employed in +the ministry about twenty years, he was cited before Bishop Aylmer and +other high commissioners, and charged with having omitted parts of the Book +of Common Prayer in public worship, {500} and with having preached against +certain things contained in the book. Having refused, according to Strype, +to take the oath to answer all such articles as the commissioners should +propose, he was deprived of his ministerial office. Mr. Brook, however, in +his _Lives of the Puritans_, states that though he might at first have +refused the oath, yet that he afterwards complied, and gave answers to the +various articles which he proceeds to detail at length. He was cited again +on two subsequent occasions; and, on his third appearance, being required +to subscribe, and to wear the surplice, he refused, and was imprisoned, and +ultimately deprived. He applied to Lord Burleigh to intercede on his +behalf, and his lordship warmly espoused his cause, and engaged Attorney +Morrice to undertake his defence, but his arguments proved ineffectual. Mr. +Cawdray, refusing to submit, was brought before Archbishop Whitgift, and +other high commissioners, May 14, 1590, and was degraded and deposed from +the ministry and made a mere layman. The above account is abridged from +Brook's _Lives of the Puritans_, London, 1813, pp. 430-43. + +[Greek: Halieus]. + +Dublin. + +P. S. Besides the _Treasurie of Similies_, I find the following work under +his name in the Bodleian Catalogue: + + "A Table Alphabeticall; conteyning and teaching the True Writing and + Vnderstanding of hard vsuall English Wordes, borrowed from the Hebrew, + Greeke, Latine, or French, &c. London. 8vo. 1604." + + * * * * * + +The title of this work is-- + + "A Treasurie or Store-house of Similies; both Pleasant, Delightfull, + and Profitable for all Estates of Men in Generall: newly collected into + Heades and Common Places. By Robert Cawdray. Thomas Creed, London, + 1609, 4to." + +Cawdray was rector of South Luffenham, in Rutland; and was deprived by +Bishop Aylmer for nonconformity in 1587. He appealed to the Court of +Exchequer, and his case was argued before all the judges in 1591. A report +of the trial is in Coke's _Reports_, inscribed "De Jure Regis +Ecclesiastico." There is a Life of Cawdray in Brook's _Lives of the +Puritans_ (vol. i. pp. 430-443.), which contains an interesting account of +his examination before the High Commission, extracted from a MS. register. +Notices of him will also be found in Neal's _Puritans_, 1837 (vol. i. pp. +330. 341.); and Heylin's _History of the Presbyterians_, 1672 (fol. p. +317.). + +JOHN I. DREDGE. + + * * * * * + +"MARY, WEEP NO MORE FOR ME." + +(Vol. viii., p. 385.) + +For the following information respecting the author, and the original, I am +indebted to the _Lady's Magazine_ of 1820, from which I copied it several +years ago. + +Mr. Joseph Lowe, born at Kenmore in Galloway, 1750, the son of a gardener, +at fourteen apprenticed to a weaver, by persevering diligence in the +pursuit of knowledge, was enabled in 1771 to enter himself a student in +Divinity in the University of Edinburgh. On his return from college he +became tutor in the family of a gentleman, Mr. McGhie of Airds, who had +several beautiful daughters, to one of whom he was attached, though it +never was their fate to be united. Another of the sisters, Mary, was +engaged to a surgeon, Mr. Alexander Miller. This young gentleman was +unfortunately lost at sea, an event immortalised by _Mary's Dream_. The +author was unhappy in his marriage with a lady of Virginia, whither he had +emigrated, and died in 1798. This poem was originally composed in the +Scottish dialect, and afterwards received the polished English form from +the hand of its author. + + "MARY'S DREAM. + + "The lovely moon had climb'd the hill, + Where eagles big aboon the Dee, + And, like the looks of a lovely dame, + Brought joy to every body's ee: + A' but sweet Mary deep in sleep, + Her thoughts on Sandy far at sea; + A voice drapt saftly on her ear-- + 'Sweet Mary, weep nae mair for me!' + + "She lifted up her waukening een, + To see from whence the sound might be, + And there she saw young Sandy stand, + Pale, bending on her his hollow ee. + 'O Mary dear, lament nae mair! + I'm in death's thraws aneath the sea: + Thy weeping makes me sad in bliss, + Sae Mary, weep nae mair for me! + + "'The wind slept when we left the bay, + But soon it waked and raised the main; + And God he bore us down the deep-- + Wha strave wi' him, but strave in vain. + He stretch'd his arm and took me up, + Tho' laith I was to gang but thee: + I look frae heaven aboon the storm, + Sae Mary, weep nae mair for me! + + "'Take aff thae bride-sheets frae thy bed, + Which thou hast faulded down for me, + Unrobe thee of thy earthly stole-- + I'll meet in heaven aboon wi' thee.' + Three times the gray cock flapp'd his wing, + To mark the morning lift his ee; + And thrice the passing spirit said, + 'Sweet Mary, weep nae mair for me!'" + +J. W. THOMAS. + +Dewsbury. + + * * * * * + +{501} + +PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE. + +_Clouds in Photographs_ (Vol. viii., p. 451.).--Your correspondent on this +subject may easily produce clouds on paper negatives by drawing in the +lights on the back with common writing ink. There is usually some tint +printed with all negatives, therefore the black used will stop it out. + +It is at the same time unfair and untrue to the art, because clouds cannot +be represented in the regular mode of practice. If they appear, as they do +sometimes by accident, it is well to leave them; but in no art is any trick +so easily detected as in photography, and it cannot add to any operator's +credit in expertness to practise them. + +W. T. + +_Albumenized Paper._--In a late Number of "N. & Q." you published an +account of albumenizing paper for positives by MR. SHADBOLT. Having +considerable experience in the manipulation of photographical art, I have +bestowed great pains in testing the process he recommends; and, I regret to +say, the results are by no means satisfactory. I well know the delicacy +which is required in applying the albumen _evenly_ to the surface of the +paper, and am therefore not surprised to find that each of his +"longitudinal strokes" remains clearly indicated, thereby entirely +destroying the effect of the picture. + +He also advises that the paper should not be afterwards _ironed_, as it is +apt to produce flaws and spots on the albumenized surface; and he believes +that the chemical action of the nitrate of silver alone is sufficient to +coagulate the albumen, without the application of heat. This I have found +_in practice_ to be incorrect: for when I have excited albumenized paper, +to which a sufficient heat has not been applied, I have invariably observed +that a portion of the albumen becomes detached into the silver solution, +making it viscid, and favouring its decomposition. Consequently, the sheets +_last_ excited seldom retain their colour so long as those which are first +prepared. But even laying aside the question of the coagulation of the +albumen, the paper, unless it is ironed, remains so "cockled up," that it +is not only unsightly, but very difficult to use. 100-grain solution of +nitrate of silver (I presume to the ounce) is also recommended. In a late +Number, I find DR. DIAMOND uses a 40-grain solution with perfect success; +and my own experience enables me to verify this formula as being +sufficiently powerful:--no additional intensity of colour being obtained by +these strong solutions, it is a mere waste of material. Therefore I think +your correspondent fails in effecting either economy of material or time. + +However painful it may be to me to offer remarks at variance with the +opinions of your kind and intelligent correspondents, yet I consider it a +duty that yourself and readers should not be misled, and so interesting and +elegant an art as photography brought into disrepute by experiments which, +however well intentioned, plainly indicate a want of experience. + +K. N. M. + + [MR. SHADBOLT'S scientific acquirements appeared to us to demand that + we should give insertion to his plan of albumenizing paper: although we + felt some doubts whether it did not contain the disadvantages which our + correspondent now points out. We had met with such complete success in + following out the process recommended by DR. DIAMOND in our 205th + Number, that we did not think it advisable to make any alteration. For + our own experience has shown us the wisdom, in photography as in other + matters, of holding fast that which is good.--ED.] + +_Stereoscopic Angles._--Notwithstanding the space you have devoted to this +subject, I find little practical information to the photographer: will you +therefore allow me to presume to offer you my mode, which, regardless of +all scientific rules, I find to be perfectly successful in obtaining the +desired results? + +My focussing-glass is ruled with a few perpendicular and horizontal lines +with a pencil, and I also cross it from corner to corner, which marks the +centre of the glass. These lines always allow me to place my camera level, +because the perpendicular lines being parallel with any upright line +secures it. + +Having taken a picture, I note well the spot of some object near the centre +of the picture: thus, if a window or branch of a tree be upon the spot +where the lines cross [Cross lines], I remove the camera in a straight line +about one foot for every ten yards distance from the subject, and bring the +same object to the same spot: I believe it is not very important if the +camera is moved more or less. This may be known and practised by many of +your friends; but I am sure others make a great difficulty in effecting +those satisfactory results which, as I have shown, may be so easily +obtained. + +H. W. D. + +_Photographic Copies of MSS._--I am glad to find from your Notices to +Correspondents in Vol. viii., p. 456., that the applicability of +photography to the copying of MSS., or printed leaves, is beginning to +excite attention. The facility and cheapness of thus applying it (as I have +been informed by a professional photographer) is so great, that I have no +doubt but that we shall shortly have it used in our great public libraries; +so as to supersede the present slow, expensive, and uncertain process of +copying by hand. And it is in order to help to bring about so desirable a +state of things, that I send these few lines to your widely-circulated +journal. + +M. D. + + * * * * * + + +{502} + +Replies to Minor Queries. + +_Lord Cecil's "Memorials"_ (Vol. viii., p. 442.).--Cecil's "First Memorial" +is printed in Lord Somers's _Tracts_. It appears that Primate Ussher, and, +subsequently, Sir James Ware and his son Robert, had the benefit of +extracts from Lord Burleigh's papers. MR. BRUCE may find the "Examination" +of the celebrated Faithfull Comine, and "Lord Cecyl's Letters," together +with other interesting documents, entered among the Clarendon MSS. in _Pars +altera_ of the second volume of _Catal. Lib. Manuscr. Angl. et Hib._, Oxon. +1697. + +R. G. + +_Foreign Medical Education_ (Vol. viii., pp. 341. 398.).--In addition to +the previous communications on this subject, I beg to refer your +correspondent MEDICUS to Mr. Wilde's _Austria; its Literary, Scientific, +and Medical Institutions, with Notes on the State of Science, and a Guide +to the Hospitals and Sanitary Institutions of Vienna_, Dublin: Curry and +Co., 1842. + +J. D. MCK. + +_Encyclopaedias_ (Vol. viii., p. 385.).--Surely there must be many persons +who sympathise with ENCYCLOPAEDICUS in wishing to have a work _not_ +encumbered and swollen by the heavy and bulky articles to which he refers: +perhaps there may be as many as would make it worth the while of some +publisher to furnish one. Of course copyright, and all sorts of rights, +must be respected but that being done, there would be little else to do +than to cut out and wheel away the heavy articles from a copy of any +encyclopaedia, and put the rest into the hands of a printer. The residuum +(which is what we want) would probably be to a considerable extent the +same. When necessary additions had been made, the work would still be of +moderate size and price. + +N. B. + +_Pepys's Grammar_ (Vol. viii., p. 466.).--I am unable to answer MR. +KEIGHTLEY'S Query, not having the slightest knowledge of short-hand; but I +always understood that the original spelling of every word in the _Diary_ +was carefully preserved by the gentleman who decyphered it. + +No estimate, however, of Pepys's powers of writing can be formed from the +hasty entries recorded in his short-hand journal, and, as I conceive, they +derive additional interest from the quaint terms in which they are +expressed. + +BRAYBROOKE. + +_"Antiquitas Saeculi Juventus Mundi"_ (Vols. ii. and iii. _passim_).--The +following instances of this thought occur in two writers of the seventeenth +century: + + "Those times which we term vulgarly they Old World, were indeed the + youth or adolescence of it ... if you go to the age of the world in + general, and to the true length and longevity of things, we are + properly the older cosmopolites. In this respect the cadet may be + termed more ancient than his elder brother, because the world was older + when he entered into it. Nov. 2, 1647."--Howell's _Letters_, 11th + edit.: London, 1754, p.426. + +Butler, in his _character_ of "An Antiquary," observes: + + "He values things wrongfully upon their antiquity, forgetting that the + most modern are really the most ancient of all things in the world; + like those that reckon their pounds before their shillings and pence, + of which they are made up."--Thyer's edit., vol.ii. p. 97. + +JARLTZBERG. + +_Napoleon's Spelling_ (Vol. viii., p. 386).--The fact inquired after by +HENRY H. BREEN is proved by the following extract from the _Memoires_ of +Bourrienne, Napoleon's private secretary for many years: + + "Je previens une fois pour toutes que dans les copies que je donnerai + des ecrits de Bonaparte, je retablirai l'orthographe, qui est en + general _si extraordinairement estropiee_ qu'il serait ridicule de les + copier exactement."--_Mem._ i. 73. + +C. + +_Black as a mourning Colour_ (Vol. viii., p. 411.).--Mourning habits are +said first to appear in England in the time of Edward III. Chaucer and +Froissart are the first who mention them. The former, in _Troylus and +Creseyde_, says: + + "Creseyde was in widowe's habit _black_." + +Again: + + "My clothes everichone + Shall _blacke_ ben, in tolequyn, herte swete, + That I am as out of this world gone." + +Again, in the _Knights Tale_, Palamon appeared at a funeral + + "In clothes _black_ dropped all with tears." + +Froissart says, the Earl of Foix clothed himself and household in _black_ +on the death of his son. At the funeral of the Earl of Flanders black gowns +were worn. On the death of King John of France, the King of Cyprus wore +black. The very mention of these facts would suggest that black was not +then universally worn, but being gradually adopted for mourning. + +B. H. C. + +_Chanting of Jurors_ (Vol. vi., p. 315.).--No answer has yet been given to +J. F. F.'s Query on this, yet the expression "to chant" was not an unusual +one, if we may believe Lord Stratford: + + "They collected a grand jury in each county, and proceeded to claim a + ratification of the rights of the crown. The gentlemen on being + empanelled informed that the case before them was irresistible, and + that no doubts could exist in the minds of reasonable {503} men upon + it. His majesty was, in fact, indifferent whether they found for him or + no. 'And there I left them,' says Strafford, '_to chant_ together, as + they call it, over their evidence.' The counties of Roscommon, Sligo, + and Mayo instantly found a title for the king." + +This extract is from a very eloquent article on Lord Strafford in the +_British Critic_, No. LXVI. p. 485. + +W. FRASER. + +Tor-Mohun. + +_Aldress_ (Vol. v., p. 582.).--Your correspondent COWGILL gives an instance +of the use of this obsolete word in an epitaph in St. Stephen's, Norwich, +and asks where else it may be met with. I have just found it in a +manuscript diary, under date 1561, and also as used in the same city: + + "A Speech made after Mr. Mayor Mingay's Dinner. + + "Master Mayor of Norwich; an it please your worship you have feasted us + like a kinge. God bless the Queen's grace. We have fed plentifully, and + now whilom I can speak plain English, I heartily thank you Master + Mayor, and so do we all. Answer, boys, answer! Your beere is pleasant + and potent, and soon catches us by the caput and stops our manners, and + so Huzza for the Queen's Majesty's Grace, and all her bonny brow'd + dames of honour! Huzza for Master Mayor and our good dame Mayoress, the + Alderman and his faire _Aldress_; there they are, God save them and all + this jolly company. To all our friends round country who have a penny + in their purse, and an English heart in their bodies, to keep out + Spanish Dons and Papists with their faggots to burn our whiskers. Shove + it about. Twirl your cup-cases, handle your jugs, and huzza for Master + Mayor and his good dame!" + +How long is it since the ladies of our civic dignitaries relinquished the +distinction here given to one of their order? What was the cup-case? + +CHARLES REID. + +Paternoster Row. + +_Huggins and Muggins_ (Vol. viii., p. 341.).--In the edition of Mallet's +_Northern Antiquities_, edited by J. A. Blackwell, Esq., and published by +Bohn (_Antiquarian Library_, 1847), the following conjectural etymology of +the words Huggins and Muggins is given by the editor in a note on the word +_Muninn_, in the glossary to the Prose Edda: + + "We cannot refrain for once from noticing the curious coincidence + between the names of Odin's ravens, Hugin and Munin--Mind and + Memory--and those of two personages who figure so often in our comic + literature as Messrs. Huggins and Muggins. _Huggins_, like _Hugh_, + appears to have the same root as _Hugin_, viz. _hugr_, mind, spirit; + and as Mr. Muggins is as invariably associated with Mr. Huggins, as one + of Odin's ravens was with the other (as mind is with memory), the name + may originally have been written _Munnins_, and _nn_ changed into _gg_ + for the sake of euphony. Should this _conjecture_, for it is nothing + else, be well founded, one of the most poetical ideas in the whole + range of mythology would, in this plodding, practical, spilling-jenny + age of ours, have thus undergone a most singular metamorphosis." + +JNO. N. RADCLIFFE. + +Dewsbury. + +_Camera Lucida_ (Vol. viii., p. 271.).--With my camera lucida I received a +printed sheet of instructions, from which the following extract is made, in +answer to CARET: + + "Those who cannot sketch comfortably, without perfect distinctness of + both the pencil and object, must observe, that the _stem_ should be + drawn out to the mark D, for all distant objects, and to the numbers 2, + 3, 4, 5, &c. for objects that are at the distances of only 2, 3, 4, or + 5 feet respectively, the stem being duly inclined according to a mark + placed at the bottom; but, after a little practice, such exactness is + wholly unnecessary. The farther the prism is removed from the paper, + that is, the longer the stem is drawn out, the larger the objects will + be represented in the drawing, and accordingly the less extensive the + view. + + "The nearer the prism is to the paper, the smaller will be the objects, + and the more extensive the view comprised on the same piece of paper. + + "If the drawing be two feet from the prism, and the paper only one + foot, the copy will be half the size of the original. If the drawing be + at one foot, and the paper three feet distant, the copy will be three + times as large as the original: and so for all other distances." + +T. B. JOHNSTON. + +Edinburgh. + +_"When Orpheus went down"_ (Vol. viii., pp. 196. 281.).--This seems to be +rightly attributed to Dr. Lisle. See Dodsley's _Collection of Poems_, vol. +vi. p. 166. (1758), where it is stated to have been imitated from the +Spanish, and set to music by Dr. Hayes. It is not quite correctly given in +"N. & Q." + +J. KELWAY. + +_The Arms of De Sissone_ (Vol. viii., p. 243.).--I beg to refer J. L. S. to +_Histoire Genealogique et Chronologique de la Maison Royale de France, +&c._, tom. viii. p. 537., Paris, 1733; and also to _Livre d'Or de la +Noblesse_, p. 429., Paris, 1847. + +CLERICUS (D). + +_Oaths of Pregnant Women_ (Vol. v., p. 393.).--Women of the humbler classes +in the British Islands appear to have an objection, when pregnant, to take +an oath. I have not observed any attempt to explain or account for this +prejudice. The same objection exists among the Burmese. Indeed, pregnant +women there are, by long-observed custom, absolved from taking an oath, and +affirm to their depositions, "remembering their pregnant condition." The +reason of this is as follows. The system of Budhism, as it prevails in the +Indo-Chinese countries, consists essentially in the negation of a Divine +Providence. The oath of Budhists is an imprecation of evil on the swearer, +{504} addressed to the innate rewarding powers of nature, animate and +inanimate, if the truth be not spoken. This evil may be instantaneous, as +sudden death from a fit, or from a flash of lightning; the first food taken +may choke the false swearer; or on his way home, a tiger by land, or an +alligator by water, may seize and devour him. I have known an instance of +this occur, which was spoken of by hundreds as a testimony to the truth of +the system. Now it is supposed by Budhists that even an unconscious +departure from truth may rouse jealous nature to award punishment. In the +case of pregnant women this would involve the unborn offspring in the +calamity. Hence women in that condition do not take an oath in Burmah. + +PH. + +Rangoon. + +_Lepel's Regiment_ (Vol. vii., p. 501.).--J. K. may rest assured that no +trace can now be discovered of a regiment thus named, which existed in the +year 1707. I have searched the lists of cavalry and infantry regiments at +the battle of Almanza, fought April 25th of that year, and do not find this +regiment mentioned. May I substitute for "Lepel's" regiment, "Pepper's" +regiment? The colonelcy of that corps, now the 8th Royal Irish Hussars, +became vacant by the fall of Brigadier-General Robert Killigrew at Almanza, +and it was immediately conferred on the lieutenant-colonel of the corps, +John Pepper, who held it until March 23, 1719. + +G. L. S. + +_Editions of the Prayer Book prior to 1662_ (Vol. vi., pp. 435. 564; Vol. +vii. _passim_).--I have recently met with the following editions, which +have not, I think, been yet recorded in your pages: + + 1630. folio, London. + 1639. 4to. Barker and Bill. + 1661. 8vo. London, Duporti, Latin. + +The first and third are in Mr. Darling's _Encyc. Bibl._, see columns 366, +367; the second I saw at Mr. Straker's, Adelaide Street, Strand. + +Will some of your readers kindly tell me in what edition of the Prayer Book +the "Prayers at the Healing" are last met with? I have them in a Latin +Prayer Book, 12mo. London, 1727.[7] + +W. SPARROW SIMPSON. + +[Footnote 7: It appears from a note in Pepys's _Diary_, June 23, 1660, that +the library of the Duke of Sussex contained four several editions of the +Book of Common Prayer, all printed after the accession of the House of +Hanover, and all containing, as an integral part of the service, "The +Office for the Healing."--ED.] + +_Creole_ (Vol. vii., p. 381. Vol. viii., p. 138.).--I have never met with +any satisfactory explanation of the origin of this word; its meaning has +undergone various modifications. At first it was limited in its application +to the descendants of Europeans born in the colonies. By degrees it came to +be extended to all classes of the population of colonial descent and now it +is indiscriminately employed to express things as well as persons, of local +origin or growth. We say a _creole_ Negro, as contra-distinguished from a +negro born in Africa or elsewhere; a _creole_ horse, as +contra-distinguished from an English or an American horse; and we speak +"Creole" when we address the uneducated classes in their native jargon. + +HENRY H. BREEN. + +St. Lucia. + +_Daughter pronounced "Dafter"_ (Vol. viii., p. 292.).--This pronunciation +is universal in North Cornwall and North-west Devonshire. + +J. R. P. + +_Richard Geering_ (Vol. viii., p. 340.).--If Y. S. M. will favour me with +the parentage of "Richard Geering, one of the six clerks in chancery in +Ireland," I shall be better able to judge whether he was of the family of +Geering, Gearing, or Geary, of South Denchworth in the co. of Berks, of +which family I have a pedigree. I can also supply their coat of arms and +crest. Any information of the Geerings, ancestors of the said Richard, the +chancery clerk, will be acceptable to your occasional correspondent + +H. C. C. + +If this Richard Geering is related to the Geerings of South Denchworth, in +Berkshire, I refer Y. S. M. to Clare's _Hundred of Wanting_, Parker, +Oxford, 1824. + +The Geerings bought the manor of Viscount Cullen. It was formerly in the +possession of the Hydes: several of the Geering monuments are in the +church. Their arms, Or, on two bars gules six mascles of the field, on a +canton sable a leopard's face of the first. The Geerings were long tenants +of a part of the estate which they purchased; they are extinct in the male +line. A grandson, John Bockett, Esq. (by the female line), of the last +heir, possessed a small farm in the parish which was sold by him some years +ago. The manor now belongs to Worcester College, Oxford, who purchased it +of Gregory Geering, gent., in 1758. The name is spelt Gearing and Geary in +the early registers. + +The books in the small study (mentioned in "N. & Q." some time ago) were +given by Gregory Geering, Esq., Mr. Ralph Kedden, vicar of Denchworth, and +Mr. Edward Brewster, stationer, of London, most of which are attached by +long chains to the cases. + +JULIA R. BOCKETT. + +Southcote Lodge. + +_Island_ (Vol. viii., p. 279.).--H. C. K. is quite right in saying that the +_s_ has been inserted in this word: not, however, as he thinks, "to +assimilate {505} the Saxon and French terms," but from a fancied French or +Latin derivation, just as _rime_ is spelt _rhyme_, because it was fancied +that it came from [Greek: rhuthmos]; and as critics and editors will print +_coelum_ instead of _caelum_, contrary to all authority, because they have +taken it into their heads that it comes from [Greek: koilon]. We have also +_spright_, _impregnable_, and other misspelt words, for which it is +difficult to assign a reason. But I think H. C. K. is altogether mistaken +in connecting the A.-S. _ig_ (pr. _ee_), an island, with _eye_. It is +evidently one of the original underived nouns of the Teutonic family, being +_ig_ A.-S., _ey_ Icel., whence _oe_ Swed., _oe_ or _oee_ Dan., and which also +appears in the German and Dutch _eiland_; while in the words for _eye_ the +_g_ is radical, as _eage_ A.-S., _auga_ Icel., _auge_ Germ., _oog_ Dutch. + +T. K. + + * * * * * + + +Miscellaneous. + +BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES WANTED TO PURCHASE. + +WHITTINGHAM'S POETS. Illustrated Edition. + +FORD'S HANDBOOK OF SPAIN. 1st Edition. + +*** Letters stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, to be +sent to MR. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES." 186. 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Queen Street Cheapside. + + * * * * * + + +TO OLD BOOK AND MUSIC COLLECTORS. + +A CATALOGUE OF RARE, CURIOUS, AND VALUABLE SECOND-HAND BOOKS, and a List of +Music, GRATIS and POST FREE on Application to + + W. BROUGH, 22. Paradise Street, + Birmingham. + +Books of every Description purchased. + + * * * * * + + +ORMEROD'S HISTORY OF CHESHIRE (wanting Parts II. & X.), Eight parts folio, +Plates (Nine wanting), sewed, 2l. 2s. + + W. BROUGH, 22. Paradise Street, + Birmingham. + + * * * * * + + +HEAL & SON'S ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE OF BEDSTEADS, sent free by post. It +contains designs and prices of upwards of ONE HUNDRED different Bedsteads; +also of every description of Bedding, Blankets, and Quilts. And their new +warerooms contain an extensive assortment of Bed-room Furniture, Furniture +Chintzes, Damasks, and Dimities, so as to render their Establishment +complete for the general furnishing of Bed-rooms. + + HEAL & SON, Bedstead and Bedding Manufacturers, + 196. Tottenham Court Road. + + * * * * * + + +POLICY HOLDERS in other COMPANIES, and intending Assurers generally, are +invited to examine the Rates, Principles, and Progress of the SCOTTISH +PROVIDENT INSTITUTION, the only Society in which the Advantages of Mutual +Assurance can be secured by moderate Premiums. Established 1837. Number of +Policies issued 6,400, assuring upwards of Two and a Half Millions. + +Full Reports and every Information had (Free) on Application. + +*** Policies are now issued Free of Stamp Duty; and attention is invited to +the circumstance that Premiums payable for Life Assurance are now allowed +as a Deduction from Income in the Returns for Income Tax. + + GEORGE GRANT, Resident Sec. + London Branch, 12. Moorgate Street. + + * * * * * + + +LEEDS LIBRARY. + +LIBRARIAN.--Wanted, a Gentleman of Literary Attainments, competent to +undertake the duties of Librarian in the Leeds Library. The Institution +consists of about 500 Proprietary Members, and an Assistant Librarian is +employed. The hours of attendance required will be from 10 A.M. to 8 P.M. +daily, with an interval of two hours. Salary 120l. a year. Applications, +with Certificates of Qualifications, must be sent by letter, post paid, not +later than 1st December next, to ABRAHAM HORSFALL, ESQ., Hon. Sec., 9. Park +Row, Leeds. + + * * * * * + + +BOOK VARNISH (ROWBOTHAM'S).--This truly wonderful Varnish for restoring Old +Bindings, and giving them a freshness equal to new, is applied with a piece +of sponge, and dries instantly. (See "N. & Q.," Vol. vi., p. 335.) May be +had of J. ROWBOTHAM, India-Rubber Bookbinder, 70. Castle Street, two doors +east of Berners Street, Oxford Street, in Bottles 1s. each, or by Order of +any Bookseller or Druggist. A List of Prices for India-rubber Bookbinding +may be had on application. + + * * * * * + + +Price 2s. 6d., cloth lettered, + +SANITARY ECONOMY: its Principles and Practice; and its Moral Influence on +the Progress of Civilisation. + +W. & R. CHAMBERS, 3. Bride Court Passage, Fleet Street, London, and 339. +High Street, Edinburgh; and sold by all Booksellers. + + * * * * * + + +SPECTACLES.--Every Description of SPECTACLES and EYE-GLASSES for the +Assistance of Vision, adapted by means of Smee's Optometer: that being the +only correct method of determining the exact focus of the Lenses required, +and of preventing injury to the sight by the use of improper Glasses. + +BLAND & LONG, Opticians, 153. Fleet Street, London. + + * * * * * + + +VIEWS IN LONDON. + +STEREOSCOPES AND STEREOSCOPIC PICTURES. + +BLAND & LONG, 153. FLEET STREET, OPTICIANS and PHILOSOPHICAL INSTRUMENT +MAKERS, invite attentions to their Stock of STEREOSCOPES of all Kinds, and +in various Materials; also, to their New and Extensive Assortment of +STEREOSCOPIC PICTURES for the same, in DAGUERREOTYPE, on PAPER, and +TRANSPARENT ALBUMEN PICTURES on GLASS, including Views of London, Paris, +the Rhine, Windsor, &c. These Pictures, for minuteness of Detail and Truth +in the Representation of Natural Objects, are unrivalled. + +BLAND & LONG, Opticians, 153. Fleet Street, London. + +*** "Familiar Explanation of the Phenomena" sent on Application. + + * * * * * + + +DAGUERREOTYPE MATERIALS.--Plates, Cases, Passepartoutes. Best and Cheapest. +To be had in great variety at + +McMILLAN'S Wholesale Depot, 132. Fleet Street. + +Price List Gratis. + + * * * * * + + +{506} + +Early in December, in small 4to., Elegantly Printed on Toned Paper, and +appropriately bound, price 30s., + +AN ILLUSTRATED EDITION OF TUPPER'S PROVERBIAL PHILOSOPHY. + +The Designs by C. W. Cope, R.A., J. C. Horsley, R.A., John Tenniel, Edwin +H. Corbould, G. Dodgson, Edward Duncan, Birket Foster, John Gilbert, J. +Godwin, William Harvey, W. L. Leitch, F. R. Pickersgill, and Joseph Severn. +The Ornamental Initials and Vignettes by Henry Noel Humphreys. + + London: THOMAS HATCHARD, 187. Piccadilly. + + * * * * * + + +ILLUSTRATED PRESENT BOOKS. + +Just published, + +GRAY'S ELEGY WRITTEN IN A COUNTRY CHURCHYARD. Illustrated on every Page +with Engravings on Wood from Drawings by BIRKET FOSTER, GEORGE THOMAS, and +a LADY. Crown 8vo. handsomely bound in blue cloth, or in enamelled boards, +price 7s. 6d. + +*** A few Copies will be bound in extra morocco by Mr. Hayday. + +Just ready, + +THE WANDERINGS OF PERSILES AND SIGISMUNDA: A Northern Story. BY MIGUEL DE +CERVANTES SAAVEDRA. Translated from the Spanish by a LADY. Illustrated with +a Portrait of CERVANTES. Fcap. 8vo., old style, price 10s. 6d. + + "This romance was the last work of Cervantes. The dedication to the + Count de Lemos was written the day after he had received extreme + unction."--_Extract from Preface._ + +Just published, price 10s. 6d., + +PHOTOGRAPHIC ALBUM. + +Part V. Containing Four Pictures: + + PORTSKEWIT. By Roger Fenton. + THE FISHERMAN'S DAUGHTER. By Joseph Cundall. + SALISBURY CATHEDRAL. By Russell Sedgfield. + BANKS OF THE COQUET. By Philip DelaMotte. + +Parts I. II. III. and IV. are now reprinted. + +Now ready, + +PHOTOGRAPHIC VIEWS OF CONSTANTINOPLE. Twenty Views of the most Important +Buildings, taken by JAMES ROBERTSON, Esq. Imperial folio, half-bound +morocco, price 6l. 16s. 6d. + +Just published, price 16s., + +PHOTOGRAPHIC STUDIES. Part II. By GEORGE SHAW, ESQ., of Queen's College, +Birmingham. + + THE FOREST AT NOON. + TANGLED BOUGHS. + "BALD WITH DRY ANTIQUITY." + SOLITUDE. + +Part I. is now reprinted. Part III. is in preparation. + +Just published, fcap. 8vo. cloth, price 4s. 6d., + +THE PRACTICE OF PHOTOGRAPHY: A Manual for Students and Amateurs. By PHILIP +H. DELAMOTTE, F.S.A. Illustrated with a Picture taken by the Collodion +Process. + +*** This Manual contains much practical information. + +Now ready, price 14s., + +PHOTOGRAPHIC PICTURES. By HUGH OWEN, ESQ., of Bristol. + + IVY BRIDGE, DEVON. + THE HARVEST FIELD. + A RIVER BANK. + WOODS IN SPRING. + +Part II. is just ready. + + JOSEPH CUNDALL, 168. NEW BOND STREET. + + Sold also by SAMPSON LOW & SON, 47. Ludgate Hill. + + * * * * * + + +XYLO-IODIDE OF SILVER, exclusively used at all the Photographic +Establishments.--The superiority of this preparation is now universally +acknowledged. Testimonials from the best Photographers and principal +scientific men of the day, warrant the assertion, that hitherto no +preparation has been discovered which produces uniformly such perfect +pictures, combined with the greatest rapidity of action. In all cases where +a quantity is required, the two solutions may be had at Wholesale price in +separate Bottles, in which state it may be kept for for years, and Exported +to any Climate. Full instructions for use. + +CAUTION.--Each Bottle is Stamped with a Red Label bearing my name, RICHARD +W. THOMAS, Chemist, 10. Pall Mall, to counterfeit which is felony. + +CYANOGEN SOAP: for removing all kinds of Photographic Stains. Beware of +purchasing spurious and worthless imitations of this valuable detergent. +The Genuine is made only by the Inventor, and is secured with a Red Label +bearing this Signature and Address, RICHARD W. THOMAS, CHEMIST, 10. PALL +MALL, Manufacturer of Pure Photographic Chemicals: and may be procured of +all respectable Chemists, in Pots at 1s., 2s., and 3s. 6d. each, through +MESSRS. EDWARDS, 67. St. Paul's Churchyard; and MESSRS. BARCLAY & CO., 95. +Farringdon Street, Wholesale Agents. + + * * * * * + + +IMPROVEMENT IN COLLODION.--J. B. HOCKIN & CO., Chemists, 289. Strand. have, +by an improved mode of Iodizing, succeeded in producing a Collodion equal, +they may say superior, in sensitiveness and density of Negative, to any +other hitherto published; without diminishing the keeping properties and +appreciation of half tint for which their manufacture has been esteemed. + +Apparatus, pure Chemicals, and all the requirements for the practice of +Photography. Instruction in the Art. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHY.--HORNE & CO.'S Iodized Collodion, for obtaining Instantaneous +Views, and Portraits in from three to thirty seconds, according to light. + +Portraits obtained by the above, for delicacy of detail rival the choicest +Daguerreotypes, specimens of which may be seen at their Establishment. + +Also every description of Apparatus, Chemicals, &c. &c. used in this +beautiful Art.--123. and 121. Newgate Street. + + * * * * * + + +"THE EMPIRE," + +LONDON NEWSPAPER, + +One of the Largest in Europe, is published every Saturday, by J. LIVESEY, +Crane Court, Fleet Street, and can be had of all News Vendors throughout +the Country. + +"The Empire" contains a larger Miscellany of Foreign, Colonial, +Metropolitan, and Provincial News, and more original articles and +contributions than almost any other Paper in the Kingdom, and its +circulation is already superior to that of two-thirds of the London Weekly +Press. + +"The Empire" advocates a complete remodelling, by a New Reform Bill, of the +representative system; the abolition of the present panic-producing +Currency Restrictions; the development of Colonial Enterprise and +Prosperity; the Reform of Metropolitan City Abuses; and the protection of +Provincial Interests from the despotism of the Centralisation system. +Provincial readers will find in "The Empire" a constant discussion of +questions immediately interesting to themselves, and a large selection of +news from their respective localities. + +Literary Articles and Critical Notices of Scientific Improvements, and of +Public Works at home and abroad, are supplied to "The Empire" by the ablest +writers and highest authorities of the day. + + * * * * * + +FINE ART DISTRIBUTION. + +As an appropriate accompaniment to a Paper which circulates in all parts of +the British Empire,--a copy of the magnificent + +EQUESTRIAN PORTRAIT OF HER MAJESTY, + +By Count D'Orsay, Three Feet by Two Feet, + +Value ONE GUINEA, + +Will be presented to each Subscriber for Three Months, commencing from the +present month, November. + +TERMS:--Per Copy, 6d.; Three Months, 6s. 6d.; Six Months, 13s.; One Year, +26s. + +Advertisements inserted on Moderate Terms. + +Orders for "The Empire" may be sent to MR. ROBERT HARVEY, No. 1. Crane +Court, Fleet Street, London, or may be given to any News Vendor in town or +country. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS.--OTTEWILL'S REGISTERED DOUBLE-BODIED FOLDING CAMERA, +is superior to every other form of Camera, for the Photographic Tourist, +from its capability of Elongation or Contraction to any Focal Adjustment, +its extreme Portability, and its adaptation for taking either Views or +Portraits.--The Trade supplied. + +Every Description of Camera, or Slides, Tripod Stands, Printing Frames, +&c., may be obtained at his MANUFACTORY, Charlotte Terrace, Barnsbury Road, +Islington. + +New Inventions, Models, &c., made to order or from Drawings. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION.--An EXHIBITION of PICTURES, by the most +celebrated French, Italian, and English Photographers, embracing Views of +the principal Countries and Cities of Europe, is now OPEN. Admission 6d. A +Portrait taken by MR. TALBOT'S Patent Process, One Guinea; Three extra +Copies for 10s. + + PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION, + 168. NEW BOND STREET. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHIC PAPER.--Negative and Positive Papers of Whatman's, Turner's, +Sanford's, and Causon Freres' make. Waxed-Paper for Le Gray's Process. +Iodized and Sensitive Paper for every kind of Photography. + +Sold by JOHN SANFORD, Photographic Stationer, Aldine Chambers, 13. +Paternoster Row, London. + + * * * * * + + +{507} + +Solicitors' & General Life Assurance Society. + +52. CHANCERY LANE, LONDON. + +_Subscribed Capital, ONE MILLION._ + +THIS SOCIETY PRESENTS THE FOLLOWING ADVANTAGES: + +The Security of a Subscribed Capital of ONE MILLION. + +Exemption of the Assured from all Liability. + +Premiums affording particular advantages to Young Lives. + +Participating and Non-Participating Premiums. + +In the former EIGHTY PER CENT. or FOUR-FIFTHS of the Profits are divided +amongst the Assured Triennially, either by way of addition to the sum +assured, or in diminution of Premium, at their option. + +No deduction is made from the four-fifths of the profits for Interest on +Capital, for a Guarantee Fund, or on any other account. + +POLICIES FREE OF STAMP DUTY and INDISPUTABLE, except in case of fraud. + +At the General Meeting, on the 31st May last, A BONUS was declared of +nearly Two PER CENT. per annum on the _amount assured_, or at the rate of +from THIRTY to upwards of SIXTY per cent. on the _Premiums paid_. + +POLICIES share in the Profits, even if ONE PREMIUM ONLY has been paid. + +Next DIVISION OF PROFITS in 1856. + +The Directors meet on Thursdays at 2 o'Clock. Assurances may be effected by +applying on any other day, between the hours of 10 and 4, at the Office of +the Society, where prospectuses and all other requisite information can be +obtained. + + CHARLES JOHN GILL. Secretary. + + * * * * * + + +WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE AND ANNUITY SOCIETY. + +3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON. + +Founded A.D. 1842. + + * * * * * + + _Directors._ + + H. E. Bicknell, Esq. + T. S. Cocks, Jun. Esq., M. P. + G. H. Drew, Esq. + W. Evans, Esq. + W. Freeman, Esq. + F. Fuller, Esq. + J. H. Goodhart, Esq. + T. Grissell, Esq. + J. Hunt, Esq. + J. A. Lethbridge, Esq. + E. Lucas, Esq. + J. Lys Seager, Esq. + J. B. White, Esq. + J. Carter Wood, Esq. + + _Trustees._--W. Whateley, Esq., Q.C.; George Drew, Esq., T. Grissell, + Esq. + _Physician._--William Rich. Basham, M.D. + _Bankers._--Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross. + +VALUABLE PRIVILEGE. + +POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary +difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application to +suspend the payment at interest, according to the conditions detailed in +the Prospectus. + +Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100l., with a Share in +three-fourths of the Profits:-- + + Age L s. d. + 17 1 14 4 + 22 1 18 8 + 27 2 4 5 + 32 2 10 8 + 37 2 18 6 + 42 3 8 2 + +ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary. + +Now ready, price 10s. 6d., Second Edition, with material additions. +INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION: being a TREATISE ON BENEFIT BUILDING +SOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of Land Investment, exemplified in +the Cases of Freehold Land Societies, Building Companies, &c. With a +Mathematical Appendix on Compound Interest and Life Assurance. By ARTHUR +SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life Assurance Society, 3. +Parliament Street, London. + + * * * * * + + +ACHILLES LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY.--25. CANNON STREET, CITY.--The Advantages +offered by this Society are Security, Economy and lower Rates of Premium +than most other Offices. + +No charge is made for Policy Stamps or Medical Fees. Policies indisputable. + +Loans granted to Policy-holders. + +For the convenience of the Working Classes, Policies are issued as low as +20l., at the same Rates of Premium as larger Policies. + +Prospectuses and full particulars may be obtained on application to + + HUGH B. TAPLIN, Secretary. + + * * * * * + + +BANK OF DEPOSIT. + +7. St. Martin's Place, Trafalgar Square, London. + +PARTIES desirous of INVESTING MONEY are requested to examine the Plan of +this Institution, by which a high rate of Interest may be obtained with +perfect Security. + +Interest payable in January and July. + + PETER MORRISON. + Managing Director. + +Prospectuses free on application. + + * * * * * + + +ALLEN'S ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE, containing Size, Price, Description of +upwards of 100 articles, consisting of + +PORTMANTEAUS, TRAVELLING-BAGS, Ladies' Portmanteaus, DESPATCH-BOXES, +WRITING-DESKS. DRESSING-CASES, and other travelling requisites. Gratis on +application, or sent free by Post on receipt of Two Stamps. + +MESSRS. ALLEN'S registered Despatch-box and Writing-desk, their +Travelling-bag with the opening as large as the bag, and the new +Portmanteau containing four compartments, are undoubtedly the best articles +of the kind ever produced. + +J. W. & T. ALLEN, 18. & 22. West Strand. + + * * * * * + + +W. H. HART, RECORD AGENT and LEGAL ANTIQUARIAN (who is in the possession of +Indices to many of the early Public Records whereby his Inquiries are +greatly facilitated) begs to inform Authors and Gentlemen engaged in +Antiquarian or Literary Pursuits, that he is prepared to undertake searches +among the Public Records, MSS. in the British Museum, Ancient Wills, or +other Depositories of a similar Nature, in any Branch of Literature, +History, Topography, Genealogy, or the like, and in which he has had +considerable experience. + + 1. ALBERT TERRACE, NEW CROSS, + HATCHAM, SURREY. + + * * * * * + + +BENNETT'S MODEL WATCH, as shown at the GREAT EXHIBITION No. 1. Class X., in +Gold and Silver Cases, in five qualities, and adapted to all Climates, may +now be had at the MANUFACTORY, 65. CHEAPSIDE. Superior Gold London-made +Patent Levers, 17, 15, and 12 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 4 +guineas. First-rate Geneva Levers, in Gold Cases, 12, 10, and 8 guineas. +Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 5 guineas. Superior Lever, with +Chronometer Balance, Gold, 27, 23, and 19 guineas. Bennett's Pocket +Chronometer, Gold, 50 guineas; Silver 40 guineas. Every watch skilfully +examined, timed, and its performance guaranteed. Barometers, 2l., 3l., and +4l. Thermometers from 1s. each. + +BENNETT, Watch, Clock, and Instrument Maker to the Royal Observatory, the +Board of Ordnance, the Admiralty, and the Queen, + + 65. CHEAPSIDE. + + * * * * * + + +INDIGESTION, CONSTIPATION, NERVOUSNESS, &c.--BARRY, DU BARRY & CO.'S +HEALTH-RESTORING FOOD for INVALIDS and INFANTS. + + * * * * * + +THE REVALENTA ARABICA FOOD, the only natural, pleasant, and effectual +remedy (without medicine, purging, inconvenience, or expense, as it saves +fifty times its cost in other remedies) for nervous, stomachic, intestinal, +liver and bilious complaints, however deeply rooted, dyspepsia +(indigestion), habitual constipation, diarrhoea, acidity, heartburn, +flatulency, oppression, distension, palpitation, eruption of the skin, +rheumatism, gout, dropsy, sickness at the stomach during pregnancy, at sea, +and under all other circumstances, debility in the aged as well as infants, +fits, spasms, cramps, paralysis, &c. + +_A few out of 50,000 Cures:--_ + + Cure, No. 71, of dyspepsia; from the Right Hon. the Lord Stuart de + Decies:--"I have derived considerable benefits from your Revalenta + Arabica Food, and consider it due to yourselves and the public to + authorise the publication of these lines.--STUART DE DECIES." + + Cure, No. 49,832:--"Fifty years' indescribable agony from dyspepsia, + nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation, flatulency, spasms, sickness + at the stomach, and vomitings have been removed by Du Barry's excellent + food.--MARIA JOLLY, Wortham Ling, near Diss, Norfolk." + + Cure, No. 180:--"Twenty-five years' nervousness, constipation, + indigestion, and debility, from which I had suffered great misery, and + which no medicine could remove or relieve, have been effectually cured + by Du Barry's food in a very short time.--W. R. REEVES, Pool Anthony, + Tiverton." + + Cure, No. 4,208:--"Eight years' dyspepsia, nervousness, debility, with + cramps, spasms, and nausea, for which my servant had consulted the + advice of many, have been effectually removed by Du Barry's delicious + food in a very short time. I shall be happy to answer any + inquiries.--REV. JOHN W. FLAVELL, Ridlington Rectory, Norfolk." + +_Dr. Wurzer's Testimonial._ + + "Bonn, July 19. 1852. + + "This light and pleasant Farina is one of the most excellent, + nourishing, and restorative remedies, and supersedes, in many cases, + all kinds of medicines. It is particularly useful in confined habit of + body, as also diarrhoea, bowel complaints, affections of the kidneys + and bladder, such as stone or gravel; inflammatory irritation and cramp + of the urethra, cramp of the kidneys and bladder, strictures, and + hemorrhoids. This really invaluable remedy is employed with the most + satisfactory result, not only in bronchial and pulmonary complaints, + where irritation and pain are to be removed, but also in pulmonary and + bronchial consumption, in which it counteracts effectually the + troublesome cough; and I am enabled with perfect truth to express the + conviction that Du Barry's Revalenta Arabica is adapted to the cure of + incipient hectic complaints and consumption. + + "DR. RUD WURZER. + "Counsel of Medicine, and practical M.D. in Bonn." + +London Agents:--Fortnum, Mason & Co., 182. Piccadilly, purveyors to Her +Majesty the Queen; Hedges & Butler, 155. Regent Street; and through all +respectable grocers, chemists, and medicine venders. In canisters, suitably +packed for all climates, and with full instructions, 1lb. 2s. 9d.; 2lb. 4s. +6d.; 5lb. 11s.; 12lb. 22s.; super-refined, 5lb. 22s.; 10lb. 33s. The 10lb. +and 12lb. carriage free, on receipt of Post-office order.--Barry, Du Barry +Co., 77. Regent Street, London. + +IMPORTANT CAUTION.--Many invalids having been seriously injured by spurious +imitations under closely similar names, such as Ervalenta, Arabaca, and +others, the public will do well to see that each canister bears the name +BARRY, DU BARRY & CO., 77. Regent Street, London, in full, _without which +none is genuine_. + + * * * * * + + +{508} + +BOHN'S EXTRA VOLUMES. + +GRAMMONT'S MEMOIRS OF THE COURT OF CHARLES II. + +To which is added the + +PERSONAL HISTORY OF CHARLES, AND THE BOSCOBEL TRACTS; + +With Fine Portrait of NELL GWYNNE. + +Post 8vo. cloth. Price 3s. 6d. + +COUNT HAMILTON'S FAIRY TALES; + +With Portrait. + +Post 8vo., cloth. Price 3s. 6d. + +RABELAIS' WORKS: + +THE BEST TRANSLATIONS. + +With Additional Notes by the Celebrated JOHN WILKES. + +Complete in 2 vols. post 8vo., cloth. + +Price 3s. 6d. + + HENRY G. BOHN, + YORK STREET, COVENT GARDEN. + + * * * * * + + +NEW VOLUME OF MR. ARNOLD'S TACITUS. + +Now Ready, in 12mo., price 5s. + +CORNELIUS TACITUS, Part II. (Books XI.--XVI. of the ANNALES.) With ENGLISH +NOTES, translated from the German of DR. KARL NIPPERDEY (with Additions), +by the REV. HENRY BROWNE, M.A., Canon of Chichester. (Forming a new Volume +of Arnold's "Classics.") + + RIVINGTONS, Waterloo Place: + +Of whom may be had, with ENGLISH NOTES, by the late REV. T. K. ARNOLD, + +1. TACITUS, Part I. (ANNALES, Books I.-VI.) 6s. + +2. THUCYDIDES, Book I. 5s. 6d. (The SECOND BOOK in the Press.) + + * * * * * + + +Just Published, price 1s. + +THE STEREOSCOPE, + +Considered in relation to the Philosophy of Binocular Vision. An Essay, by +C. MANSFIELD INGLEBY, M.A., of Trinity College, Cambridge. + +London: WALTON & MABERLEY, Upper Gower Street, and Ivy Lane, Paternoster +Row. Cambridge: J. DEIGHTON. + +Also, by the same author, price 1s., + +REMARKS on some of Sir William Hamilton's Notes on the Works of Dr. Thomas +Reid. + + "Nothing in my opinion can be more cogent than your refutation of M. + Jobert."--_Sir W. Hamilton._ + +London: JOHN W. PARKER, West Strand, Cambridge: E. JOHNSON. Birmingham: H. +C. LANGBRIDGE. + + * * * * * + + +ALBEMARLE STREET,_November, 1853_. + +MR. MURRAY'S FORTHCOMING WORKS. + +I. + +DR. WAAGEN'S TREASURES OF ART IN GREAT BRITAIN; being an Account of the +Chief Collections of Paintings, Sculptures, MSS., Miniatures, &c., in this +Country. 3 vols. 8vo. + +II. + +HANDBOOK OF ARCHITECTURE. By JAMES FERGUSSON. Being a Concise and Popular +Account of the different Styles prevailing in all Ages and Countries of the +World. With a Description of the most Remarkable Buildings. With 1000 +Illustrations. 8vo. + +III. + +KUGLER'S HISTORY OF PAINTING. (The Dutch, Flemish, French and Spanish +Schools.) Edited by SIR EDMUND HEAD. Illustrated Edition. 2 vols. Post 8vo. + +IV. + +OLIVER GOLDSMITH'S WORKS: a New Library Edition, now first printed from the +last editions which passed under the Author's own eye. Edited by PETER +CUNNINGHAM. 4 vols. 8vo. + +V. + +LIFE OF HORACE. By DEAN MILMAN. A New Edition, with Woodcuts and Coloured +Borders. 8vo. + +VI. + +DEAN MILMAN'S HISTORY OF LATIN CHRISTIANITY, including that of the Popes to +the Pontificate of Nicholas V. 3 vols. 8vo. + +VII. + +MR. MANSFIELD PARKYNS' LIFE IN ABYSSINIA: during a Three Years' Residence +in that Country. With Illustrations. 2 vols. 8vo. + +VIII. + +SIX MONTHS IN ITALY. By GEORGE S. HILLARD. Post 8vo. + +IX. + +DR. J. D. HOOKER'S HIMALAYAN JOURNALS: or, NOTES OF AN ORIENTAL NATURALIST +IN BENGAL. THE SIKHIM AND NEPAL HIMALAYAS, THE KHASIA MOUNTAINS, &c. With +Illustrations. 2 vols. 8vo. + +X. + +THE LATE DUKE OF WELLINGTON'S SPEECHES IN PARLIAMENT. Collected and +Arranged with his Sanction. 2 vols. 8vo. + +XI. + +SIR RODERICK MURCHISON'S SILURIA: or, a VIEW of the SILURIAN and other +PRIMAEVAL ROCKS, and their IMBEDDED REMAINS. With Plates. 8vo. + +XII. + +SIR GARDNER WILKINSON'S POPULAR ACCOUNT OF THE ANCIENT EGYPTIANS. With 500 +Woodcuts. 2 vols. Post 8vo. + +XIII. + +REV. J. C. ROBERTSON'S HISTORY OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH to the Pontificate +of Gregory the Great, A.D. 590: a Manual for general Readers as well as for +Students in Theology. 8vo. + +XIV. + +COL. FANCOURT'S EARLY HISTORY OF YUCATAN, from the Discovery to the Close +of the Seventeenth Century. With Map. 8vo. + +XV. + +DR. WM. SMITH'S SCHOOL HISTORY OF GREECE: with Chapters on the Literature, +Art, and Domestic Manners of the Greeks. With Woodcuts. Post 8vo. + +XVI. + +ESSAYS ON AGRICULTURE. By the late THOMAS GISBORNE. Post 8vo. + +XVII. + +THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES COMPARED WITH OUR OWN. By H. S. +TREMENHEERE. 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Fleet Street aforesaid.--Saturday, November +19, 1853. + + * * * * * + + +Corrections made to printed original. + +page 497, "This is on the floor": 'This in' in original. + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 212, +November 19, 1853, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES *** + +***** This file should be named 27009.txt or 27009.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/2/7/0/0/27009/ + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Library of Early +Journals.) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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