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diff --git a/27008.txt b/27008.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..189e52d --- /dev/null +++ b/27008.txt @@ -0,0 +1,3611 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 211, November 12, +1853, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes and Queries, Number 211, November 12, 1853 + A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, + Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc. + +Author: Various + +Editor: George Bell + +Release Date: October 24, 2008 [EBook #27008] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES *** + + + + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Library of Early +Journals.) + + + + + +{461} + +NOTES AND QUERIES: + +A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, +GENEALOGISTS, ETC. + +"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE. + + * * * * * + + +No. 211.] +SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 12. 1853. +[Price Fourpence. Stamped Edition 5d. + + * * * * * + + +CONTENTS. + + NOTES:-- Page + + Notes on Grammont, by G. Steinman Steinman 461 + Change of Meaning in Proverbial Expressions, by Thos. + Keightley 464 + Extracts from Colchester Corporation Records, by Jas. + Whishaw 464 + Convocation in the Reign of George II., by W. Fraser 465 + Parallel Passages, by Harry Leroy Temple 465 + Shakspeare Correspondence, by J. O. Halliwell 466 + + MINOR NOTES:--Local Rhymes, Kent--Samuel + Pepys's Grammar--Roman Remains--To grab-- + Curfew at Sandwich--Ecclesiastical Censure--The + Natural History of Balmoral--Shirt Collars 466 + + QUERIES:-- + + "Days of my Youth" 467 + + MINOR QUERIES:--Randall Minshull and his Cheshire + Collections--Mackey's "Theory of the Earth"-- + Birthplace of King Edward V.--Name of Infants-- + Geometrical Curiosity--Denison Family--"Came" + --Montmartre--Law of Copyright: British Museum + --Veneration for the Oak--Father Matthew's + Chickens--Pronunciation of Bible and Prayer Book + proper Names--MSS. of Anthony Bave--Return of + Gentry, temp. Hen. VI.--Taylor's "Holy Living"-- + Captain Jan Dimmeson--Greek and Roman Fortification + --The Queen at Chess--Vida on Chess 467 + + MINOR QUERIES WITH ANSWERS:--Thornton Abbey-- + Bishop Wilson's "Sacra Privata"--Derivation of + "Chemistry"--Burning for Witchcraft--The small + City Companies--Rousseau and Boileau--Bishop + Kennett's MS. Diary 469 + + REPLIES:-- + + Milton's Widow, by S. W. Singer 471 + Oaths, by Honore de Mareville, &c. 471 + Comminatory Inscriptions in Books, by Philarete + Chasles 472 + Liveries Worn, and Menial Services performed, by + Gentlemen, by J. Lewelyn Curtis 473 + Female Parish Clerks 474 + Poetical Epithets of the Nightingale, by W. Pinkerton 475 + + PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE:--Photographic Exhibition + --How much Light is obstructed by a Lens? + --Stereoscopic Angles--To introduce Clouds 476 + + REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES:--Death of Edward II.-- + Luther no Iconoclast--Rev. Urban Vigors--Portrait + of Baretti--Passage in Sophocles--Brothers of the + same Name--High Dutch and Low Dutch--Translations + of the Prayer Book into French--Divining-rod + --Slow-worm Superstition--Ravailliac--Lines + on the Institution of the Garter--Passage in Bacon + --What Day is it at our Antipodes?--Calves' Head + Club--Heraldic Query--The Temple Lands in + Scotland--Sir John Vanbrugh--Sir Arthur Aston-- + Nugget 477 + + MISCELLANEOUS:-- + + Books and Odd Volumes wanted 481 + Notices to Correspondents 481 + Advertisements 481 + + * * * * * + + +Notes. + +NOTES ON GRAMMONT. + +Agreeing with Mr. Peter Cunningham (vide _History of Nell Gwyn_), that a +new edition of Grammont is much wanted, I beg to avail myself of your +pages, and to offer a few remarks and notes which I have made in reference +to that very entertaining work for the consideration of a future annotator. + +Of the several maids of honour mentioned therein I will begin with those of +the queen. They are Miss Stewart, Miss "Warminster," Miss Bellenden, Miss +Bardon, Miss de la Garde, Miss Wells, Miss Livingston, Miss Fielding, and +Miss Boynton. + +The names of Miss Stewart (Frances Theresa), Miss Boynton (Catherine), Miss +Wells (Winefred), and Miss Warmistre are found among the original six, +appointed on the queen's marriage, May 21, 1662. The affiliation and +marriages of the first two have been well ascertained, but Miss Warmistre's +birth is yet open to some conjecture, whilst her marriage, like Miss +Wells's parentage, is wholly unknown. + +Horace Walpole, on the authority of the last Earl of Arran, of the Butler +family, has confounded her with Mary, one of the daughters of George Kirke, +Esq., a groom of the bedchamber to Charles I., by Mary his wife, daughter +of Aurelian Townsend, Esq., "the admired beauty of the tymes," on whose +marriage at Christ Church, Oxford, February 26, 1645-6, "the king gave +her." She herself was maid of honour to the Duchess of York in 1674, and +the year following left the court, we may believe, under the same +circumstances as Miss Warmistre, more than ten years before, had quitted +it: after being the mistress of Sir Thomas Vernon, the second Baronet of +Hodnet in Shropshire, she became his wife, and ended her life in miserable +circumstances at Greenwich in 1711. + + "1711, 17 August, Dame Mary, relict of Sir Thomas Vernon, carried + away."--Burial register of Greenwich Church. + +She was sister to Diana, the last De Vere, Earl of Oxford's, countess, a +lady of as free a morality {462} as herself and as her mother, and second +wife of Sir Thomas, whose first lady, Elizabeth Cholmondley, died in June, +1676. Sir Thomas died February 5, 1682-3, leaving by her three children, +Sir Richard, the last baronet, Henrietta, and Diana, who all died +unmarried. + +A portrait of Lady Vernon, by Sir Peter Lely, has been engraved in +mezzotinto by Browne, and lettered "Mary Kirk, Lady Vernon, maid of honour +to Queen Catherine." Another portrait (?) has been engraved by Scheneker +for Harding's _Grammont_, 1793. A third portrait was purchased at the +Strawberry Hill sale, by Mr. Rodd of Little Newport Street, for 1l. 5s. + +A portrait of the Countess of Oxford is or was at Mr. Drummond's of Great +Stanmore. It was bequeathed to his family by Charles, first Duke of St. +Alban's, who was her ladyship's son-in-law. + +Of Mrs. Anne Kirke, who was "woman to the queen" Henrietta Maria, there are +several portraits. Granger records: + + "Madam Kirk. Vandyck p. Gaywood f. h. sh. + + "Madam Anne Kirk. Vandyck p. Browne, large h. sh. mezz." + +These engravings are most probably from the same painting--the fine +whole-length exhibited last year among the collection of pictures by +ancient masters in Pall Mall: + + "Madam Kirk, sitting in a chair, Hollar, f. h. sh." + +He also mentions her miniature at Burghley. + +There is at Wilton a splendid painting by Vandyck of Mrs. Kirk, seated with +the Countess of Morton, Lady Anne Keith, eldest daughter of George, fifth +Earl Mareschal, and wife of William Douglass, seventh Earl of Morton, K.G. +She was governess to the Princess Henrietta. + +This painting has been engraved by Grousvelt. There is another engraving +from the first-named Vandyck by Beckett. + +Of Lady Vernon and her mother there is to be found mention, in the secret +service expenses of Charles II. and James II., lately printed. The elder +lady on her husband's death (he was buried in the cloisters of Westminster +Abbey, April 5, 1679) seems to have had a pension of 250l. per annum. The +younger was the recipient, on two occasions, of 100l. "bounty" only. + +Mrs. Kirke and her daughter Diana are unfavourably alluded to by Mrs. Grace +Worthley, a lady of the same class, who will not "be any longer a +laughing-stock for any of Mr. Kirk's bastards" (vide letter to her cousin +Lord Brandon, September 7, 1682, _Diary of Henry Sidney, Earl of Romney_, +i. pp. xxxiii. xxxiv.). And again, the same lady, in another letter, speaks +of "the common Countess of Oxford and her adulterous bastards" (_Ibid._). +Mr. Jesse's quotation from "Queries and Answers from Garraway's Coffee +House" (vide _The Court of the Stewarts_, vol. ii. p. 366.) may be here +reproduced in support of the epitaph which this angry lady has been pleased +to assign the countess, who, it would seem, had robbed her, well born and +well married, of her noble keeper "the handsome Sidney:" + + "_Q._ How often has Mrs. Kirk sold her daughter Di. before the Lord of + Oxford married her? + + _A._ Ask the Prince and Harry Jermyn." + +The following curious extract from one of the Heber MSS. at Hodnet has been +kindly furnished me by Charles Cholmondeley, Esq., of the Ivy House, +Wisbeach, co. Cambridge, to whom the MS. belongs: + + "H----, + + "Sir Thomas the second baronet's death is mentioned in Lady Rachael + Russell's letters. His second wife was one of King Charles's Beauties, + but the account in Granger of her is not correct, as it appears that + she lived some time with Sir Thomas, as mistress, before their + marriage. He left her in great distress, as the profits of the estate + were embezzled by attorneys and stewards. The following is a copy from + a letter from her to one Squibb, an attorney who had the management of + the estate: + + 'SIR, + + 'When you were last here you were pleased to say that in some + little time I should be payd some money. I have had with me my + woman's husband y^t did serve mee about two yeares since; and hee + is soe impatient for what I owe her y^t hee will staye noe longer. + It is given me to understand I must goe to prison or paye part of + w^t I owe him. Things fly to a great violence, and if you thinke it + will bee for the credit or advantage of my childerne y^t such an + afront should come to mee, is the question. I have nothing to + depend on but w^t must come from the estate of Sir Richard Vernon. + How I have been used by the trustees you are noe stranger to. I am + now forced to live on charity, and I grow every day more and more + weary of it. For my childern's sake I remain in England, or else I + would seeke my fortune elsewhere. Pray to take this into + consideration, and see w^t can be done. + + 'I am, SIR, y^r most humble serv^t, + 'VERNON. + + 'P.S.--If you can, pray doe mee y^e favour to send mee by to-morrow + at one of y^e cloke, twenty shillings, to pay for wood, or I must + sit w^{th}oute fyer; y^t will be ill for a person confined to the + house.'" + +It is not certain whether it is to "Mistris Kirke," Lady Vernon's mother, +that Charles I. refers in his letter addressed to Colonel Whaley on the day +of his escape from Hampton Court, November 11, 1647, but it is very likely +to have been so. There was a Mistress (Anne) Kirke, sworn in a dresser to +Queen Henrietta Maria in Easter week, 1637 (vide _Strafford Papers_, vol. +ii. p. 73.), whose full-length portrait by Vandyke has been frequently +engraved, by Browne, Garwood, Hollar, Beckett, &c.; and this lady may be +the "Mrs. Anne Kirke, unfortunately drowned near London Bridge," who was +buried in Westminster Abbey, July 9, 1641. {463} + +In Westminster Abbey was buried, May 23, 1640, "Mr. Kirk's daughter." +Captain George Kirke married there, February 10, 1699-1700, Mary Cooke. +George Kirke, Esq., died Jan. 10, 1703-4, and was buried in the abbey +cloisters (Mon. Inscr.); and Mrs. Mary Kirke died December 17, 1751, and +was also buried there (M. I.). We may presume that all these Kirkes were of +the same family. + +Having now clearly released the annotator from all farther interference +with Mary Kirke's private history, and having excluded her handsome face +from any future illustrated edition of Grammont, I must leave him to deal +with Miss Warmistre. It seems most probable that Dr. Thomas Warmistre, dean +of Worcester, who died October 30, 1665, was her father, as he is known to +have been a Royalist. His will, as it is not to be found at Doctors' +Commons, must be sought for at Worcester. His brother Gervais was a married +man, but his effects, unfortunately for our inquiries, were administered to +at Doctors' Commons, August 31, 1641. That Warmistre was her right name is +proved by Lord Cornbury's letter to the Duchess of Bedford, June 10, 1662 +(Warburton's _Rupert_, vol. iii. pp. 461-464.). Her portrait is at Hengrave +Hall, Suffolk, and has been engraved by Scriven for Carpenter's _Grammont_, +1811. + +Lord Cornbury's letter contradicts Grammont's statement, that Miss Boynton +and Miss Wells came in on a removal, for they were of the original six +maids of honour. Among these is named a Miss Price (Henrietta Maria), who +we may suppose a sister to the Duchess of York's Miss Price, one of +Grammont's most conspicuous heroines; and if so, when I come to speak of +the Duchess's maids of honour, her parentage will be proved. Of Miss Carey, +rejoicing in the prefix of Simona, the sixth of the queen's original maids +of honour, we have no farther occasion to speak. + +In 1669 the queen appears to have had four maids of honour only, the places +vacated by Miss Stewart's and Miss Warmistre's marriages being unoccupied. +This state of affairs leads me to doubt whether Miss Bellenden ever held +the appointment. Mademoiselle Bardon, Grammont admits, was not actually a +maid of honour, and Mademoiselle de la Garde certainly never was. LORD +BRAYBROOKE has suggested to me, with some show of reason, that the first +may be the "Mrs. Baladine" who held a place of less emolument (that of +dresser, probably) in the Duchess of York's household, and who left in the +middle of the quarter, between Michaelmas and Christmas, 1662 (vide +_Household Book of James Duke of York at Audley End_), as if she had the +prudence "de quitter la cour avant que d'en etre chassee." + +"La desagreable Bardon" may have been a daughter, or some other near +relation, to Claudius Bardon, mentioned in the secret service expenses of +Charles II. + +Mademoiselle de la Garde was appointed a dresser to the queen on her +marriage (vide Lord Cornbury's letter), and continued in this office till +1673, when she died. Her father, Charles Peliott Baron de la Garde, or her +brother, if she had one, was a groom of the privy chamber to Queen +Catherine in 1687, and her mother dresser to the Duchess of York in 1662 +(_Duke of York's Household Book_). Mary her sister, who became the wife of +Sir Thomas Bond of Peckham, co. Surrey, Baronet, comptroller of the +household to Queen Henrietta Maria, was a Lady of the privy chamber to the +same queen. + +Of mademoiselle I may add, that she married Mr. Gabriel Silvius, carver to +the queen, in 1669 (compare first and second editions of _Angliae Notitia_, +1669); and of her husband, in addition to the particulars already stated by +the annotators, that he received the honour of knighthood January 28, +1669-70, married a second wife (a fact overlooked by the annotators, +including Mr. Cunningham), viz. Anne, daughter of the Hon. William Howard, +a younger son of Thomas first Earl of Berkshire, at Westminster Abbey, +November 12, 1677, went the same year to the Hague as master of the +household to the Prince of Orange (Evelyn), became privy purse to James II. +(_The British Compendium, or Rudiments of Honour_), died at his house in +Leicester Fields, January, 1696-7, and was buried in the church of St. +Martin. It was his second wife, and widow, who died October 13, 1730. + +If, as it is possible, Miss Bellenden did hold the appointment of maid of +honour to the queen, she must have replaced Miss Stewart or Miss Warmistre; +and if Miss Livingston and Miss Fielding held like appointments, one of the +two must have replaced her, and they, again, must have removed from the +court before 1669. I am not at present able to say who those three ladies +were. + +Before bringing this paper to a conclusion, I must be permitted to refer +Mr. Cunningham to five letters, written by Count de Comminges, the French +ambassador in London, and printed LORD BRAYBROOKE in his Appendix to Pepys, +which Mr. C. has very unaccountably overlooked when settling the chronology +of Grammont. + +The first, to M. de Lionne, dated "Londres, Janvier 5-15, 1662-3," +announces the arrival of the Chevalier the day before "fort content de son +voyage. Il a ete ici recu le plus agreablement au monde. Il est de toutes +les parties du Roi." The second, to Louis XIV., dated "Decembre 10-20, +1663," informs the king of the chevalier's joy at being allowed to return +to France, and of his intention to leave England in four days. He also +informs Louis that he believes the chevalier will see the court of France +in company of "une belle {464} Angloise." A postscript, dated "Decembre +20-24," says that the king of England, for certain stated reasons, has +persuaded the chevalier to remain a day longer; and, farther, "Il laisse +ici quelques autres dettes, qu'il pretend venir recueillir quand il se +declarera sur le sujet de Mille Hamilton, qui est si embrouille que les +plus clairvoyans n'y voyent goutte." The third, dated "Mai 19-24, 1664," is +also to the King of France, and speaks of the Chevalier's wife, "madame sa +femme." The next letter is addressed to M. de Lionne, and dated "Aout 29, +Septembre 8, 1664." It contains this important intelligence: "Madam la +Comtesse de Grammont accoucha hier au soir d'un fils beau comme la mere, et +galant comme le pere." The last letter, dated "Octobre 24, Novembre 3, +1664," and addressed to the same M. de Lionne, commences as follows: "Le +Comte de Grammont est parti aujourd'hui avec sa femme." + +These several letters, all important to the annotators of Grammont, give +the precise dates of the chevalier's first visit to the Court of Charles +II., and of his departure, and settle the date of his marriage within a few +days. This event must have taken place in December, 1663. Mrs. Jameson and +Mr. Cunningham place it in 1668. + +On another occasion I will return to this subject. + +G. STEINMAN STEINMAN. + + * * * * * + +CHANGE OF MEANING IN PROVERBIAL EXPRESSIONS. + +I entirely agree with G. K. (Vol. viii., p. 269.) respecting the original +sense of "Putting a spoke in one's wheel." It surely meant to aid him in +constructing the wheel, say of his fortune. As the true sense of this +expression seems to have been retained in America when lost in its +birthplace, so Ireland has retained that of another which has changed its +sense here. By "finding a mare's nest" is, I believe, meant, fancying you +have made a great discovery when in fact you have found nothing. I +certainly remember the late Earl Grey using it in that sense in his place +in parliament. But how does this accord with the following place in +Beaumont and Fletcher? + + "Why dost thou laugh? + What mare's nest hast thou found?"--_Bonduca_, Act V. Sc. 2. + +on which, rather to my surprise, Mr. Dyce has no note. Now in Ireland, when +a person is seen laughing immoderately without any apparent cause, it is +usual to say, "O, he has found a mare's nest, and he's laughing at the +eggs." This perfectly agrees with the above passage from _Bonduca_, and is +doubtless the original sense and original form of the adage. + +There is another of these proverbial expressions which, I think, has also +lost its pristine sense. By "Tread on a worm and it will turn" is usually +meant that the very meekest and most helpless persons will, when harshly +used, turn on their persecutors. But the poor worm does, and can do, no +such thing. I therefore think that the adage arose at the time when _worm_ +was inclusive of snake and viper, and that what was meant was, that as +those that had the power to avenge themselves when injured would use it, so +people should be cautious how they provoked them. I am confirmed in this +view by the following passage in the _Wallenstein's Tod_ of Schiller, Act +II. Sc. 6.: + + "Doch einen Stachel gab Natur dem Wurm, + Dem Willkuer uebermuethig spielend tritt." + +THOS. KEIGHTLEY. + + * * * * * + +EXTRACTS FROM COLCHESTER CORPORATION RECORDS. + +I inclose you some rather curious extracts from the corporation books of +Colchester, which I made a few years since, during an investigation of some +of the charities of that ancient borough. + +JAS. WHISHAW. + + "The informac[=o]n of Richard Glascock of Horden-of-the-Hill, in the + County of Essex, Cordwayner, aged twenty-four yeeres or thereabouts, + taken upon oath the 5^{th} of June, 1651, before Jno. Furlie, Gent., + Mayor of the Towne of Colchester. + + "The Informant saieth, that upon the Lord's daie, the fower and + twentieth daie of May last, that W^m Beard of Horden abovesaid, did cut + off the taile of the catt of Thomas Burgis of Fanies Pishe, and + Margaret, the wife of the s^d Tho^s Burgis, after the catt's taile was + cutt off, came home, and seeing that her catt's taile had bin cutt off + she enquired who had done it, and being told that the s^d W^m Beard had + done it, she s^d she would be even w^{th} him before he went out of + towne. + + "RICHARD GLASCOCK." + + "The informac[=o]n of H^y Potter, aged twenty yeeres or thereabouts, of + Horden abovesaid, Lynnen Weaver, taken upon oath the day and yeere + abovesaid. + + "This informant saieth, that y^e s^d fower and twentieth daie of May + the taile of the catt of the s^d Thomas Burgis being cutt off by the + s^d W^m Beard, and y^e s^d Margaret the wife of the s^d Tho^s Burgis + haveing bin told that the s^d W^m Beard had done it, she p^rsentlie + told the s^d Beard she would be even with him before he went out of + towne, and flewe in his face, and said she would give him something + before he went out of her howse. And this informant saieing, Good + woman, I hope you will give him noe poyson, and she replyed, he would + not be soe foolish as to take any thinge of her, but she would be even + w^{th} him before he went out of towne." + + "HENRY POTTER." + + "The informac[=o]n of R^d Spencer, aged thirtie yeeres or thereabouts, + Servant to Capt^n Thomas Caldwell, taken upon oath the day and yeere + aforesaid. + + "This informant saieth, that the before-named W^m Beard being very + sicke and in a strange distemper, and {465} haveing heard that + Margaret, the wife of the before-named Thomas Burgis, had threatened + him, did suspect the s^d W^m Beard might be bewitched or ill dealt + w^{th}, did cut off some of his haire off from his head, and did wind + it up together and put it into the fire, and could not for a good while + make it burne, untill he tooke a candle and put under it or into it, + and then w^{th} much adoe it did burne, and after it was burnt y^e s^d + Beard laie still, and before it was burnt he was in such a distemper + that three men could hardlie hold him into his bed. + + "RICHARD SPENCER. + "his + mark." + + * * * * * + +CONVOCATION IN THE REIGN OF GEORGE II. + +One hears it so often repeated, that Convocation was finally suppressed in +1717, in consequence of the accusations brought by the Lower House against +Bishop Hoadley, that it seems worth while noting in correction of this, +that though no licence from the Crown to make canons has ever been granted +since that time, yet that Convocation met and sat in 1728, and again for +some sessions in the spring of 1742, when several important subjects were +brought before it; among which was the very interesting question of +curates' stipends, in these words: + + "VIIth. That much reproach is brought upon the beneficed, and much + oppression upon the unbeneficed, clergy, by curates accepting too + scanty salaries from incumbents." + +and which was really the last subject that was ever brought before +Convocation. On Jan. 27, 1742, it was unanimously agreed, that "the motion +made by the Archdeacon of Lincoln concerning ecclesiastical courts and +clandestine marriages, the qualifications of persons to be admitted into +holy orders, and the salaries and titles of curates," should be "reduced +into writing, and the particulars offered to the House at their next +assembly." But in the next session, on March 5, 1742, the Prolocutor, Dr. +Lisle, was afraid to go on with the business before the House, and after +"speaking much of a _praemunire_," and "echoing and reverberating the word +from one side of good King Henry's Chapel to the other," the whole was let +drop; and Convocation was fully consigned to the silence and the slumber of +a century. The whole of these transactions are detailed in a scarce +pamphlet, _A Letter to the Rev. Dr. Lisle, Prolocutor of the Lower House_, +by the Archdeacon of Lincoln (the Venerable G. Reynolds). + +W. FRASER. + +Tor-Mohun. + + * * * * * + +PARALLEL PASSAGES. + +(Vol. iv., p. 435.; Vol. vi., p. 123.; Vol. vii., p. 151.) + + 1. "When she had passed it seemed like the ceasing of exquisite + music."--Longfellow's _Evangeline_, Part i. I. + + "When she comes into the room, it is like a beautiful air of Mozart + breaking upon you."--Thackeray "On a good-looking young Lady." (Quoted + in _Westminster Review_, April 1853.) + + 2. "Two stars keep not their motion in one sphere."--Whence? + + "We are the twin stars, and cannot shine in one sphere. When he rises I + must set."--Congreve, _Love for Love_, Act III. Sc. 4. + + 3. "Et ce n'est pas toujours par valeur et par chastete que les hommes + sont vaillants et que les femmes sont chastes."--De La Rochefoucauld, + _Max._ I. + + "Yes, faith! I believe some women are virtuous, too; but 'tis as I + believe some men are valiant, through fear."--Congreve, _Love for + Love_, Act III. Sc. 14. + + 4. "Mais si les vaisseaux sillonnent un moment les ondes, la vague + vient effacer aussitot cette legere marque de servitude, et la mer + reparait telle qu'elle fut au premier jour de la Creation."--_Corinne_, + b. I. ch. 4. + + "Such as Creation's dawn beheld, thou rollest now!"--Byron, _Childe + Harold_. + + 5. "Il est plus honteux de se mefier de ses amis que d'en etre + trompe."--De La Rochefoucauld, _Max._ LXXXIV. + + "Better trust all, and be deceived, + And weep that trust, and that deceiving, + Than doubt one heart that, if believed, + Had blessed thy life with true believing! + + "Oh! in this mocking world, too fast + The doubting fiend o'ertakes our youth: + Better be cheated to the last, + Than lose the blessed hope of truth!"--Mrs. Butler (Fanny Kemble). + +6. In "N. & Q.," Vol. iv., p. 435., I cited, as a parallel to Shelley, the +following from Southey's _Doctor_, vol. vi. p. 158.: + + "The sense of flying in our sleep might, he thought, probably be the + anticipation or forefeeling of an unevolved power, like an Aurelia's + dream of butterfly motion." + +In Spicer's _Sights and Sounds_ (1853), p. 140., is to be found a poem +professing to have been "dictated by the spirit of Robert Southey," on +March 25, 1851, the fourth stanza of which runs as follows: + + "The soul, like some sweet flower-bud yet unblown, + Lay tranced in beauty in its silent cell: + The spirit slept, but dreamed of worlds unknown, + _As dreams the chrysalis within its shell_, + Ere summer breathes its spell." + +What inference should be drawn from this coincidence for or against the +reality of the "spiritual dictation?" + +HARRY LEROY TEMPLE. + + * * * * * + +{466} + +SHAKSPEARE CORRESPONDENCE. + +_Shakspeare's Works with a Digest of all the Readings_ (Vol. viii., pp. 74. +170. 362.).--I am exceedingly obliged to your correspondent ESTE for his +suggestions, and need not say that any sincere advice will be most +respectfully considered. In the second volume of my folio edition of +Shakspeare, I am partially endeavouring to carry out the design to which he +alludes, by giving a digest of all the readings up to the year 1684. How is +it possible to carry out his wish farther with any advantage? I should feel +particularly thankful for a satisfactory reply to the following questions +in relation to this important subject:--1. As many copies of the first and +other folio editions, as well as nearly all the copies of the same quarto +editions, differ from each other, how are these differences to be treated? +What copies are to be taken for texts, and how many copies of each are to +be collated? 2. Are such books as Beckett, Jackson and others, to be +examined? If not, are _any_ conjectural emendations of the last and present +centuries to be given? Where is the line to be drawn? A mere selection is +valueless, or next to valueless; because, setting aside the differences in +opinion in such matters, we want to know what conjectures are new, and +which are old? 3. Are the various readings suggested in periodicals to be +given? 4. Can any positive and practical rules be furnished, likely to +render such an undertaking useful and successful? + +J. O. HALLIWELL. + + * * * * * + + +Minor Notes. + +_Local Rhymes, Kent._-- + + "Between Wickham and Welling + There's not an honest man dwelling; + And I'll tell you the reason why, + Because Shooters' Hill's so nigh." + +Unless this is preserved in "N. & Q." it will probably be forgotten with +the highwaymen, whose proceedings at Shooters' Hill, no doubt, originated +it. + +G. W. SKYRING. + +_Samuel Pepys's Grammar._--I have lately been looking over the _Diary_ of +this very clever person, and I confess it has surprised me to find him, a +graduate of Cambridge, and, in fact, I may say a man of letters, constantly +employing such vulgar bad grammar as "he _do_ say," and such like. I am the +more surprised when, on looking at his letters, even the familiar ones to +his cousin Roger and to W. Hewer, I can find nothing of the kind, they +being as grammatical and as well written as any of the time. + +My hypothesis is--LORD BRAYBROOKE can correct me if I am wrong--that Pepys, +writing his _Diary_ in short-hand, used one and the same character for all +the persons of the present tense of _do_, and that the decypherer did not +attend to this circumstance. In his letter to Col. Legge (vol. v. p. 296.), +Pepys writes "His R. H. _does_ think," &c., which in the _Diary_ would +surely be "His R. H. _do_ think," &c. In a similar way I would account for +the use of _come_ instead of _came_ in the _Diary_, as there is nothing of +the kind in the Letters. Should I be right, I may have rendered a slight +service to the memory of an able and worthy man. + +THOS. KEIGHTLEY. + +_Roman Remains._--In Wright's _Celt, Roman, and Saxon_, p. 207., a curious +Roman altar, dedicated to Silvanus, "ab aprum eximiae forme captum," is +mentioned as found at Durham. It was found in the wild district to the +west, in the neighbourhood of Stanhope in Weardale, and is preserve in the +rectory house there. + +P. 330., figure A. This armilla (?) was not found in Northumberland, but in +Sussex, together with several others of the same form, a torques and celts. + +W. C. TREVELYAN. + +Wallington. + +_To grab._--A very popular writer has lately rightly denounced the use of +this word as a vulgarism. Like many other monosyllables used by our working +classes, it may plead antiquity in extenuation of its vulgarity. It has +been derived from the Welsh word _grabiaw_, to grasp, and in ancient times +was one of our "household words." The retention by a tailor of a portion of +the cloth delivered to him, although it had been a usage from time +immemorial, might have been considered by our forefathers as a _grabbage_: +we now call it _cabbage_. + +N. W. S. + +_Curfew at Sandwich._--Sometime back it was stated that the curfew at +Sandwich had been discontinued. It has been resumed in consequence of the +opposition made by the inhabitants. The same occurred about twenty years +ago. (From information on the spot.) + +E. M. + +_Ecclesiastical Censure._--Ecclesiastical censure was often used in the +Middle Ages to enforce civil rights, specially that of the exemption of the +clergy from the judgment of a lay tribunal. The following instance thereof +is new to me. I have copied it from "Collectanea Gervasii Holles," vol. i. +p. 529., Lansdowne MS. 207., in the British Museum: + + "Ex Archis Linc. a^o 1307. + + "The Major and Burgesses of Grimesby hanged a Preist for theft called + Richard of Notingham. Hereupon y[=e] B^p sendes to y[=e] Abbott of + Wellow to associate to himselfe twelue adjacent chapleins to examine + y[=e] cause, and in St. James his Church Excommunicates all y^t had any + hand in it of whatsoever condition they were, y[=e] King, Queen, and + Prince of Wales excepted; {467} and y[=e] B^p himselfe did + Excommunicate them in y[=e] Cathedral Church of Lincolne, y[=e] fifth + of y[=e] Ides of Aprill following." + +EDWARD PEACOCK. + +Bottesford Moors, Kirton-in-Lindsey. + +_The Natural History of Balmoral._--Dr. William Macgillivray, Professor of +Civil and Natural History in the Marischal College of Aberdeen, and who +died there Sept. 5, 1852, left an unpublished MS. on "The Natural History +of Balmoral and its Neighbourhood." This work has been purchased from his +executors by His Royal Highness Prince Albert; and is to be printed for the +use of Her Majesty and the Royal Family, and for circulation among their +august relatives. It was the last work on which the distinguished author +was engaged, and was only completed a short time previous to his death. It +also contains some curious speculations regarding several plants and herbs +of that Alpine district, and their uses in a medicinal and domestic point +of view, as known to the ancient Caledonians and Picts. Altogether it is a +most interesting work. + +W. + +_Shirt Collars._--In Hone's _Every-day Book_, vol. ii. p. 381., I find the +following, which I think is after the present ridiculous fashion of wearing +shirt collars, viz. so tight round the neck, and so stiff, that it is a +wonder there are not some serious accidents. + +These collars, at present worn by the fast young men of the day, are called +"The Piccadilly three-folds." Now, if this goes on until they get to a +"nail in depth, and stiffened with yellow starch, and _double wired_," I +think it will only be proper to put a heavy tax upon them. + + "_Piccadilly._--The picadil was the round hem, or the piece set about + the edge or skirt of a garment, whether at top or bottom; also a kind + of _stiff collar_, made in fashion of a band, that went about the neck + and round about the shoulders: hence the term 'wooden piccadilloes' + (meaning the pillory) in _Hudibras_; and see Nares' _Glossary_, and + Blount's _Glossographia_. At the time that ruffs and picadils were much + in fashion, there was a celebrated ordinary near St. James's, called + _Piccadilly_: because, as some say, it was the outmost, or skirt-house, + situate at the hem of the town: but it more probably took its name from + one Higgins, a tailor, who made a fortune by picadils, and built this + with a few adjoining houses. The name has by a few been derived from a + much frequented shop for the sale of these articles; this probably took + its rise from the circumstance of Higgins having built houses there, + which however were not for selling ruffs; and indeed, with the + exception of his buildings, the site of the present Piccadilly was at + that time open country, and quite out of the way of trade. At a later + period, when Burlington House was built, its noble owner chose the + situation, then at some distance from the extremity of the town, that + _none might build beyond_ him. The ruffs formerly worn by gentlemen + were frequently _double wired_, and _stiffened_ with _yellow starch_: + and the practice was at one time carried to such an excess, that they + were limited by Queen Elizabeth '_to a nayle of a yeard in depth_.' In + the time of James I., they still continued of a preposterous size: so + that, previous to the visit made by that monarch to Cambridge in 1615, + the Vice-chancellor of the University thought fit to issue an order, + prohibiting 'the fearful enormity and excess of apparel seen in all + degrees, as, namely, _strange piccadilloes_, vast bands, huge cuffs, + shoe roses, tufts, locks, and tops of hair, unbeseeming that modesty + and carriage of students in so renowned a university.'" + +It is scarcely to be supposed that the ladies were deficient in the size of +their ruffs, &c. + +I must conclude this in the words of the immortal poet: + + " . . . . New fashions, + Though they be never so ridiculous, + Nay, let them be unmanly, yet are followed." + +H. E. + + * * * * * + + +Queries. + +"DAYS OF MY YOUTH." + +The following lines are understood to have been written by the late Mr. St. +George Tucker of Virginia, U. S. Any information in support of this +opinion, or, if it be unfounded, in disproof of it, is requested by + +T. + + DAYS OF MY YOUTH. + + Days of my youth! ye have glided away, + Hairs of my youth! ye are frosted and gray; + Eyes of my youth! your keen sight is no more; + Cheeks of my youth! ye are furrow'd all o'er; + Strength of my youth! all your vigour is gone; + Thoughts of my youth! all your visions are flown! + + Days of my youth! I wish not your recall, + Hairs of my youth! I'm content you should fall; + Eyes of my youth! ye much evil have seen; + Cheeks of my youth! bathed in tears have you been; + Thoughts of my youth! ye have led me astray; + Strength of my youth! why lament your decay! + + Days of my age! ye will shortly be past; + Pains of my age! yet awhile can ye last; + Joys of my age! in true wisdom delight; + Eyes of my age! be religion your light; + Thoughts of my age! dread not the cold sod, + Hopes of my age! be ye fix'd on your God!--ST. GEORGE TUCKER, Judge. + + * * * * * + + +Minor Queries. + +_Randall Minshull and his Cheshire Collections._--Of what family was +Randall Minshull, who, in the Addenda to Gower's _Sketch for a History of_ +{468} _Cheshire_, p. 94., is stated to have professedly made a collection +for the _Antiquities of Cheshire_ by the desire of Lord Malpas? and where +is such collection at the present time to met with? + +CESTRIENSIS. + +_Mackey's "Theory of the Earth."_--I have a small pamphlet entitled, + + "A New Theory of the Earth and of Planetary Motion; in which it is + demonstrated that the Sun is Vicegerent of his own System. By Sampson + Arnold Mackey, author of _Mythological Astronomy_ and _Urania's Key to + the Revelations, &c._ Norwich, printed for the Author." + +There is no date on the title-page, but a notice on the second page +indicates 1825. The book is extraordinary, and shows great astronomical and +philological attainments, with some startling facts in geology, and bold +theories as to the formation of the earth. I have endeavoured to procure +the other two works of which Mr. Mackey is said to be the author, and also +some account of him, but without success. I can hardly suppose that a +writer of so much ability and learning can be unknown, and shall feel much +obliged by any information as to him or his writings. + +J. WARD. + +Coventry. + +_Birthplace of King Edward V._--Can you give me any information as to the +exact birthplace of this monarch? + +Hume (vol. ii. p. 430.) merely says that he was born while his mother was +in sanctuary in London, and his father was a fugitive from the victorious +Earl of Warwick. + +Commynes (book iii. chap. 5.) also says that she took refuge "es franchises +qui sont a Londres," and "y accoucha d'ung filz en grant povrete." + +Chastellain, at p. 486. of his _Chronique_, says: "Elle alla a +Saincte-Catherine, une abbeye, disoient aucuns: aucuns autres disoient a +Vasemonstre (Westminster), lieu de franchise, qui oncques n'avoit este +corrompu." + +I should be glad to have some more definite information on this point, if +any of your readers can supply it. + +A LEGULEIAN. + +_Name of Infants._--In Scotland there is a superstition that it is unlucky +to tell the name of infants before they are christened. Can this be +explained? + +R. J. A. + +_Geometrical Curiosity._--Take half a sheet of note-paper; fold and crease +it so that two opposite corners exactly meet; then fold and crease it so +that the remaining two opposite corners exactly meet. Armed with a fine +pair of scissors, proceed now to repeat both these folds alternately +without cessation, taking care to cut off quite flush and clear all the +overlappings on both sides after each fold. When these overlappings become +too small to be cut off, _the paper is in the shape of a circle_, _i. e._ +the ultimate intersection of an infinite series of tangents. Perhaps +PROFESSOR DE MORGAN will give the _rationale_ of this procedure. + +C. MANSFIELD INGLEBY. + +Birmingham. + +_Denison Family._--Can any correspondent of "N. & Q." inform me how the +Denisons of Denbies, near Dorking, in Surrey, and the Denisons of +Ossington, in Nottinghamshire, were related? Who was Mr. Robert Denison of +Nottingham, who took a very active part in politics at the commencement of +the French Revolution? His wife had a handsome legacy from a rich old lady, +one Mrs. Williams, of whom I would much like to know something farther. + +E. H. A. + +_"Came."_--In Pegge's _Anecdotes of the English Language_, p. 189., we +read: + + "The real preterit of the Saxon verb _coman_, is _com_. _Came_ is + therefore a violent infringement, though it is impossible to detect the + innovator, or any of his accomplices." + +When was the word _came_ introduced into our language? Early instances of +its use would be very welcome. + +H. T. G. + +Hull. + +_Montmartre._--By some this name is derived from _mons martis_; by others +from _mons martyrum_. Which is the more satisfactory etymology, and upon +what authority does it rest? + +HENRY H. BREEN. + +St. Lucia. + +_Law of Copyright: British Museum._--Observing that the _new_ law of +copyright, which was passed and came into operation on the 1st of July, +1842, _expressly repeals_ all of the statutes previously existing on that +subject, I am anxious to know, through the medium of "N. & Q.," if the +British Museum authorities can claim and enforce the delivery of any book, +_although not entered on the books of Stationers' Hall_, which may have +been printed and published _before_ the passing of the said act of 1842. If +so, then what is the state of the act or statute which bears upon that +particular privilege? + +J. A. + +Glasgow. + +_Veneration for the Oak._--The oak--"the brave old oak"--has been an object +of veneration in this country from the primaeval to the present times. The +term _oak_ is used in several places in Scripture, but nowhere does it +appear to refer to the oak as we know it--_our indigenous oak_. The _oak_, +under which God appeared to Abraham, bears apparently a resemblance to the +_tree of life_ of the Assyrian sculptures; and, perhaps, the _Zoroastrian_ +{469} _Homa_, or sacred tree, and the _sacred tree of the Hindus_; and the +same may yet be found in the _British oak_. Is there a botanical affinity +between these trees? Are they all _oaks_? Was the _tree of life_, as +described in the Bible, an _oak_? + +G. W. + +Stansted, Montfichet. + +_Father Matthew's Chickens._--Can any of your correspondents explain why +grouse in Scotland are sometimes called "Father Matthew's chickens?" + +M. R. G. + +_Pronunciation of Bible and Prayer Book proper Names._--I feel sure that +many of your clerical correspondents would feel much obliged by any +assistance that might be forwarded them through the medium of your columns +respecting the correct pronunciation of those proper names which occur +during divine service: such as Sabaoth, Moriah, Aceldama, Sabacthani, +Abednego, and several others of the same class.--The opinions already given +in publications are so contradictory, that I have been induced to ask you +to insert this Query. + +W. SLOANE SLOANE-EVANS. + +Cornworthy Vicarage, Totnes. + +_MSS. of Anthony Bave._--I possess a volume of MS. Sermons, Treatises, and +Memorandums in the autograph of one Anthony Bave, who appears, from the +doctrines broached therein, to have been a moderate Puritan. What is known +concerning him? It is a book I value much from the beauty of the writing +and the vigorous style of the discourses. + +R. C. WARDE. + +Kidderminster. + +_Return of Gentry, temp. Hen. VI._--In what collection, or where, can the +Return of Gentry of England 12th Henry VI. be seen or met with? + +GLAIUS. + +_Taylor's "Holy Living."_--In Pickering's edition of this work (London, +1848), _some_ of the quotations are placed in square brackets (_e. g._ on +p. xii.); and _some_ of the paragraphs have an asterisk prefixed to them +(as on p. 8.). Why? + +A. A. D. + +_Captain Jan Dimmeson._--Can any one give me some information about him? I +find his name on a pane of glass, with the date of 1667, in the vicinity of +Windsor. I had not an opportunity to obtain a copy of some words that were +painted on the glass, beneath a fine flowing sea with a ship in full sail +upon its bosom. + +F. M. + +_Greek and Roman Fortification._--Where can I obtain an account of Greek +and Roman fortification? I am surprised to find that Smith's _Classical +Dictionary_ has no article upon that subject. + +J. H. J. + +_The Queen at Chess._--In the old titles of the men at chess, the queen, +who does all the hard work, was called the prime minister, or grand vizier. +When did the change take place, and who thought of giving all the power to +a woman? Truly in the game "woman is the head of the man," reversing the +just order. + +C. S. W. + +_Vida on Chess._--I have had in my possession for more than five years a +translation of Vida on _Chess_. It is in the handwriting of a celebrated +poet of the last century; but whether a mere transcript or a version of his +own, is more than I can affirm. Now, I shall feel obliged by any +information on the subject, whether positive or negative, and transcribe +the exordium with that view. It is not the version which was made by George +Jeffreys, and revised by _Alexander Pope_[1]: + + "Vida's Scacchis, or Chess." + + "Armies of box that sportively engage, + And mimick real battels in their rage, + Pleas'd I recount; how smit with glory's charms, + Two mighty monarchs met in adverse arms, + Sable and white: assist me to explore, + Ye Serian nymphs, what ne'er was sung before." + +Bolton Corney. + +[Footnote 1: The only one which I have seen.] + + * * * * * + + +Minor Queries with Answers. + +_Thornton Abbey._--Can any of your readers give me some information +respecting an old and ruinous building called "Thornton Abbey," situate +about ten miles from Grimsby, Lincolnshire, and also about two miles from +the river Humber? + +VICTOR. + +Grimsby. + + [Tanner states, the house was called Thorneton Curteis, and Torrington. + It was founded by William le Gros, Earl of Albemarle, and Lord of + Holderness, about the year 1139, for Austin Canons, and was dedicated + to the Virgin Mary. Dugdale says, that when first founded it was a + priory, and the monks were introduced from the monastery of Kirkham; + but was changed into an abbey by Pope Eugenius III., A.D. 1148. Though + Henry VIII. suppressed the Abbey, he reserved the greater part of the + lands to endow a college, which he erected in its room, for a dean and + prebendaries, to the honour of the Holy and Undivided Trinity. From the + remains it must have been a magnificent building. Originally it + consisted of an extensive quadrangle, surrounded by a deep ditch, with + high ramparts, and built in a style adapted for occasional defence. To + the east of the gateway are the remains of the abbey church. The + chapter-house, part of which is standing, was of an octangular shape, + and highly decorated. On the south of the ruins of the church is a + building, now occupied as a farm-house, which formerly was the + residence of the abbots. It was afterwards the seat of Edward {470} + Skinner, Esq., who married Ann, daughter of Sir William Wentworth, + brother to the unfortunate Earl of Strafford. The estate was purchased + from one of the Skinner family by Sir Richard Sutton, Bart.; it is now + in the possession of Lord Yarborough. In taking down a wall in the + ruins of the abbey, a human skeleton was found, with a table, a book, + and a candle-stick. It is supposed to have been the remains of the + fourteenth abbot, who, it is stated, was for some crime sentenced to be + immured--a mode of capital punishment not uncommon in monasteries. Four + views of the abbey are given in Allen's _History of Lincolnshire_, vol + ii., and some farther notices of its ancient state will be found in + Dugdale's _Monasticon_, vol. vi. pl. i. p. 324.; Tanner's _Notitia_, + Lincolnshire, lxxvii.; and _Beauties of England and Wales_, vol. ix. p. + 684.] + +_Bishop Wilson's "Sacra Privata."_--In the new edition of this work, p. +381., there is given a table of "The Collects, with their Tendencies." +Under the head of Fasting, references are made to the First Sunday in Lent, +_and the Tenth and Twenty-third after Trinity_.--There must be some mistake +in this, as the last two collects refer to prayer. This for your +correspondent MR. DENTON, to whom I understand the Church is indebted for +the redintegration of the good bishop's journal. + +A. A. D. + + [We have submitted the above to the REV. WILLIAM DENTON, who expresses + his obligations to A. A. D. for pointing out the error, which seems to + have escaped the notice of all the previous editors of the _Sacra + Privata_. The second edition is now at press, and, if not too late, the + correction will be made. MR. DENTON doubts whether the list after all + is the bishop's; but thinks it was only copied by him from some work. + Can any one point out the source? It is singular that another mistake + of the bishop's should have escaped the notice of all previous editors, + namely, the tendency of the collect for Whit-Sunday being described as + _Humiliation_ instead of _Illumination_.] + +_Derivation of "Chemistry."_--Are there any historical reasons for deriving +the word _chemistry_ from _Chemi_, the name of Egypt, as is done by Bunsen +and others? + +T. H. T. + + [Dr. Thomson, the writer of the article "Chemistry" in the + _Encyclopaedia Britannica_, thus notices this derivation: "The generally + received opinion among alchymistical writers was, that chemistry + originated in Egypt; and the honour of the invention has been + unanimously conferred on Hermes Trismegistus. He is by some supposed to + be the same person with Chanaan, the son of Ham, whose son Mizraim + first occupied and peopled Egypt. Plutarch informs us that Egypt was + sometimes called _Chemia_: this name is supposed to be derived from + Chanaan. Hence it was inferred that Chanaan was the inventor of + _chemistry_, to which he affixed his own name. Whether the Hermes of + the Greeks was Chanaan, or his son Mizraim, it is impossible to decide; + but to Hermes is assigned the invention of _chemistry_, or _the art of + making gold_, by almost the unanimous consent of the adepts." Dr. + Webster says, "The orthography of this word has undergone changes + through a mere ignorance of its origin, than which nothing can be more + obvious. It is the Arabic _kimia_, the occult art or science, from + _kamai_, to conceal. This was originally the art or science now called + alchemy; the art of converting baser metals into gold." Webster says + the correct orthography is _chimistry_.] + +_Burning for Witchcraft._--When and where was the last person burned to +death for witchcraft in England? + +W. R. + + [We believe the last case of burning for witchcraft was at Bury St. + Edmunds in 1664, tried by Sir Matthew Hale, although some accounts + state that the victims, Amy Duny and Rose Callender, were executed. In + the same year Alice Hudson was burnt at York for having received 10s. + at a time from his Satanic majesty. The last case of burning in + Scotland was in Sutherland, A.D. 1722: the judge was Captain David + Ross, of Little Dean. At Glarus, in Ireland, a servant girl was burnt + so late as 1786. The last authenticated instance of the swimming ordeal + occurred in 1785, and is quoted by Mr. Sternberg from a _Northampton + Mercury_ of that year:--"A poor woman named Sarah Bradshaw, of Mears + Ashby, who was accused of being a witch, in order to prove her + innocence, submitted to the ignominy of being dipped, when she + immediately sunk to the bottom of the pond, which was deemed to be an + incontestable proof that she was no witch!"] + +_The Small City Companies._--Where does the fullest information appear +respecting their early condition, &c.? Herbert's work only occasionally +refers to them, and I am aware of many incidental notices of them in +Histories of London, &c.; but it does not amount to much, and I should be +glad to know if there is no fuller account of them. The companies of +Pewterers or Bakers, for example. + +B. + + [Beside the incidental notices to be found in Stow, Maitland, and + Seymour, our correspondent must consult the Harleian MSS.; and if he + will turn to the Index volume at p. 294., he will find references to + the following companies:--Bakers', Drapers', Painters', Stainers', + Pinners', Scriveners', Skinners', Wax-chandlers', Wharfingers', + Weavers', and other miscellaneous notes relating to the city of London + generally.] + +_Rousseau and Boileau._--Are there any full and complete English +translations of Rousseau's _Confessions_ and Boileau's _Satires_? + +ALLEDIUS. + + [The following translations have been published:--_The Confessions of + J. J. Rousseau_, in two Parts, London, 12mo., five vols., 1790; + Boileau's _Satires_, 8vo., 1808: see also his _Works_ made English by + Mr. Ozell and others, two vols. 8vo., London, 1711-12, and three vols. + 8vo., London, 1714.] + +_Bishop Kennett's MS. Diary._--Where is Bishop Kennett's MS. Diary, from +which his often-cited description of Dean Swift is taken, to be found? +{471} Sir Walter Scott (Swift's _Works_, vol. xvi. p. 76.) says "it was +formerly in the possession of Lord Lansdowne, and is now in the British +Museum." I have never been able to find it. + +F. B. + + [The _Diary_ here referred to by Sir Walter Scott will be found at p. + 428. in Lansdowne MS. 1024., which forms the third and last volume of + Bishop Kennett's "Materials for an Ecclesiastical History of England."] + + * * * * * + + +Replies. + +MILTON'S WIDOW. + +(Vol. vi., p. 596.; Vol. vii., pp. 12. 134. 200. 375.) + +It may be worth recording, that among the MS. papers of the late James +Boswell, which were I believe sold by auction by Messrs. Sotheby and Co., +there was the office copy and probate of the will of Milton's widow. She +was described as Elizabeth Milton of Namptwich, widow; and it was dated the +27th of August, 1727. In the will she bequeathed all her effects, after the +payment of her debts, to be divided between her nieces and nephews in +Namptwich; and named as her executors, Samuel Acton and John Allcock, Esqs. +Probate was granted to John Allcock, October 10, 1727. + +Beside this, there was a bond or acquittance, dated 1680 from Richard +Mynshull, described of Wistaston in Cheshire, frame-work knitter, for +100_l_. received of Mrs. Elizabeth Milton in consideration of a transfer to +her of a lease for lives, or ninety-nine years, of a messuage at Brindley +in Cheshire, held under Sir Thomas Wilbraham. + +There were also receipts or releases from Milton's three daughters, Anne +Milton, Mary Milton, and Deborah Clarke (to the last of which Abraham +Clarke was a party): the first two dated Feb. 22, 1674; the last, March 27 +in the same year; for 100l. each, received of Elizabeth Milton their +step-mother in consideration of their shares of their father's estate. The +sums were, with the consent of Christopher Milton and Richard Powell, both +described of the Inner Temple, to be disposed of in the purchase of +rent-charges or annuities for the benefit of the said daughters. + +Two of these documents appear to be now in the possession of your +correspondents MR. MARSH and MR. HUGHES; but I have met with no mention +hitherto of the destination of the others. + +These may seem trifling minutiae to notice, but nothing can fairly be +considered unimportant which may lead to the elucidation of the domestic +history of Milton. + +S. W. SINGER. + +Mickleham. + + * * * * * + +OATHS. + +(Vol. viii., p. 364.) + +There can be no doubt that, as your correspondent suggests, the judicial +oath was originally taken without kissing the book, but with the form of +laying the right hand upon it; and, moreover that this custom is of Pagan +origin. Amongst the Greeks, oaths were frequently accompanied by sacrifice; +and it was the custom to lay the hands upon the victim, or upon the altar, +thereby calling to witness the deity by whom the oath was sworn. So +Juvenal, _Sat._ XIV. 218.: + + "Falsus erit testis, vendet perjuria summa + Exigua, et Cereris tangens aramque pedemque." + +Christians under the later Roman emperors adopted from the Greeks a similar +ceremony. In the well-known case of Omychund _v._ Barker, heard in +Michaelmas Term, 1744, and reported in 1 Atk. 27., the Solicitor-General +quoted a passage from Selden, which gives us some information on this +point: + + "Mittimus hic, principibus Christianis, ut ex historiis satis obviis + liquet, solennia fuisse et peculiaria juramenta, ut per vultum sancti + Lucae, per pedem Christi, per sanctum hunc vel illum, ejusmodi alia + nimis crebra: _Inolevit hero tandem, ut quemadmodum Pagani sacris ac + mysteriis aliquo suis aut tactis aut praesentibus jurare solebant, ita + solenniora Christianorum juramenta fierent, aut tactis sacrosanctis + evangeliis, aut inspectis, aut in eorum praesentia manu ad pectus amota, + sublata aut protensa_; atque is corporaliter seu personaliter + juramentum praestari dictum est, ut ab juramentis per epistolam, aut in + scriptis solummodo praestitis distingueretur, inde in vulgi passim ore." + +Lord Coke tells us, in the passage quoted at p. 364., that this was called +the corporal oath, because the witness "toucheth with his hand some part of +the Holy Scripture;" but the better opinion seems to be, that it was so +called from the ancient custom of laying the hands upon the _corporale_, or +cloth which covered the sacred elements, by which the most solemn oath was +taken in Popish times. + +As to the form of kissing the book, I am inclined to think that it is not +of earlier date than the latter part of the sixteenth century, and that it +was first prescribed as part of the ceremony of taking the oaths of +allegiance and supremacy. In the _Harl. Misc._, vol. vi. p. 282. (edit. +1810), is an account of the trial of Margaret Fell and George Fox, for +refusing to take the oath of allegiance, followed by "An Answer to Bishop +Lancelot Andrewe's Sermon concerning Swearing." At p 298., Fox brings +forward instances of conscientious scruples among Christians in former +times, respecting the taking of oaths. He says: + + "Did not the Pope, when he had got up over the churches, give forth + both oath and curse, with bell, {472} book, and candle? And was not the + ceremony of his oath, to lay three fingers a-top of the book, to + signify the Trinity; and two fingers under the book, to signify + damnation of body and soul if they sware falsely? And was not there a + great number of people that would not swear, and suffered great + persecution, as read the _Book of Martyrs_ but to Bonner's days? And it + is little above an hundred years since the Protestants got up; and they + gave forth the oath of allegiance, and the oath of supremacy: the one + was to deny the Pope's supremacy, and the other to acknowledge the + kings of England; _so we need not tell to you of their form, and show + you the ceremony of the oath; it saith_, '_Kiss the book_;' and the + book saith 'Kiss the Son,' which saith 'Swear not at all.'" + +Still the laying of the hand on the book seems to have been an essential +form; for, during the trial, when the oath was offered to Margaret Fell, +"the clerk held out the book, and bid her pull off her glove, and lay her +hand on the book" (_H. M._, p. 285.). And directly after, when the oath had +been read to Fox, the following scene is described: + + "'Give him the book,' _said they_; and so a man that stood by him held + up the book, and said, 'Lay your hand on the book.' + + "_Geo. Fox._ 'Give me the book in my hand.' Which set them all + a-gazing, and as in hope he would have sworn." + +And it appears from the case of Omychund v. Barker, that, at that time, the +usual form was by laying the right hand on the book, and kissing it +afterwards (1 Atk. 42.). It seems not improbable that Paley's suggestion, +in his _Moral Philosophy_, vol. i. p. 192. (10th edit.), may be correct. He +says: + + "The kiss seems rather an act of reverence to the contents of the book, + as, in the Popish ritual, the priest kisses the gospel before he reads + it, than any part of the oath." + +The Query respecting the Welsh custom I must leave to those who are better +informed respecting the judicial forms of that country; merely suggesting +whether the practice alluded to by your correspondent may not originally +have had a meaning similar to that of the three fingers on the book, and +two under, as described by Fox in the passage above quoted. + +ERICA. + +Warwick. + +In the bailiwick of Guernsey the person sworn lifts his right hand, and the +presiding judge, who administers the oath, says "Vous jurez par la foi et +le serment que vous devez a Dieu que," &c. Oaths of office, however, are +taken on the Gospels, and are read to the person swearing by the greffier, +or clerk of the court. The reason of this difference may be accounted for +by the fact that the official oaths, as they now exist, appear to have been +drawn up about the beginning of the reign of James I., and that in all +probability the form was enjoined by the superior authority of the Privy +Council. + +Which of the two forms was generally used before the Reformation, I have +not been able to discover; but in an account of the laws, privileges, and +customs of the island, taken by way of inquisition in the year 1331, but +more fully completed and approved in the year 1441, it appears that the +juries of the several parishes were sworn "sur Sainctes Evangiles de Dieu +par eulx et par chacun d'eulx corporellement touche,"--"par leurs +consciences sur le peril de la dampnation de leurs ames." + +I remember to have seen men from some of the Baltic ports, when told to +lift their right hands to be sworn, double down the ring finger and the +little finger, as is done by bishops in the Roman Catholic Church when +giving the benediction. + +In France the person making oath lifts his right hand. The oath is +administered by the presiding judge without any reference to the Deity, but +the person who swears is required to answer "Je le jure." I observed that +in Britanny, when the person sworn was ignorant of the French language, the +answer was "Va Doue," which, I believe, means in the Breton dialect, "By +God." + +In the Ecclesiastical Court of Guernsey I have seen the book presented to +the person swearing open at one of the Gospels; but in the Royal Court the +book is put into the right hand of the party making oath, shut. In either +case it is required that the book should be kissed. + +HONORE DE MAREVILLE. + +Guernsey. + + * * * * * + +COMMINATORY INSCRIPTIONS IN BOOKS. + +(Vol. viii., pp. 64. 153.) + +Many inscriptions, comminatory or exhortatory, written in books and +directed to readers, have been commemorated in "N. & Q." Towards the +beginning of the present century, the most common epigram of the kind in +the French public schools was the following elegant motto, with its +accompanying illustration: + + "Aspice _Pierrot_ pendu, + Quota librum n'a pas rendu!" + +Poor Pierrot is exhibited in a state of suspension, as hanging from the +inverted letter L ([Gamma]), which symbolises the fatal tree. Comminatory +and exhortatory cautions not to soil, spoil, or tear books and MSS. occur +so frequently in the records of monastic libraries, that a whole album +could easily be filled with them. The coquettish bishop, Venantius +Fortunatus, has a distich on the subject. Another learned Goth, Theud-wulf, +or Theodulfus, Charlemagne's _Missus dominicus_, {473} recommends readers a +proper ablution of their hands before turning the consecrated leaves: + + "Utere me, lector, mentisque in sede locato; + Cumque librum petis hinc, sit tibi _lota_ manus!"--_Saith Library._ + +Less lenient are the imprecations commemorated by Don Martenne and Wanley. +The one inscribed on the blank leaf of a Sacramentary of the ninth century +is to the following effect: + + "Si quis eum (librum) de monasterio aliquo ingenio non redditurus, + abstraxerit, cum Juda proditore, Anna et Caipha, portionem aeternae + damnationis accipiat. Amen! Amen! Fiat! fiat!"--_Voyage Litteraire_, p. + 67. + +That is fierce and fiery, and in very earnest. A MS. of the Bodleian bears +this other inscription, to the same import: + + "Liber Sanctae Mariae de Ponte Roberti. Qui eum abstulerit aut vendiderit + ... aut quamlibet ejus partem absciderit, sit anathema maranatha." + +Canisius, in his _Antiquae Lectiones_ (I. ii. p. 3. 320.), transcribes +another comminatory distich, copied from a MS. of the Saint Gall library: + + "Auferat hunc librum _nullus hinc_, omne per aevum, + Cum Gallo partem quisquis habere cupit!" + +Such recommendations are now no longer in use, and seem rather excessive. +But whoever has witnessed the extreme carelessness, not to say improbity, +of some of the readers admitted into the public continental libraries, who +scruple not to soil, spoil, and even purloin the most precious and rare +volumes, feels easily reconciled to the _anathema maranatha_ of the ninth +and tenth centuries. + +P.S.--Excuse my French-English. + +PHILARETE CHASLES, Mazarinaeus. + +Paris, Palais de l'Institut. + + * * * * * + +LIVERIES WORN, AND MENIAL SERVICES PERFORMED, BY GENTLEMEN. + +(Vol. vi., p. 146.) + +However remarkable the conduct of the rustic esquire of Downham may appear +in the present duly, when he accepted and wore the livery of his neighbour +the Knight-Baronet of Houghton Tower, it was a Common practice for +gentlemen of good birth and estate to accept and wear, and even to assume +without solicitation, upon state occasions, the livery of an influential +neighbour, friend, or relation, in testimony of respect and affection for +the giver of the livery. + +Thus it appears in the Diary of Nicholas Assheton that, in 1617, to the +Court at Mirescough "Cooz Assheton came with his gentlemanlie servants as +anie was there," and that the retinue of menial servants in attendance upon +Sir Richard Houghton was graced by the presence of more than one country +gentleman of good family. Baines, in his _History of Lancashire_, vol. ii. +p. 366., also relates concerning Humphrey Chetham, that-- + + "In 1635 he was nominated to serve the office of sheriff of the county, + and discharged the duties thereof with great honour, several gentlemen + of birth and estate attending and wearing his livery at the assizes, to + testify their respect and affection for him." + +Evelyn, in his _Diary_, gives a similar account of the conduct of "divers +gentlemen and persons of quality" in the counties of Surrey and Sussex: + + "1634. My father was appointed sheriff for Surrey and Sussex before + they were disjoyned. He had 116 servants in liverys, every one livery'd + in greene sattin doublets. Divers gentlemen and persons of quality + waited on him in the same garbe and habit, which at that time (when + thirty or forty was the the usual retinue of the high sheriff) was + esteemed a great matter. Nor was this out of the least vanity that my + father exceeded (who was one of the greatest decliners of it); but + because he could not refuse the civility of his friends and relations, + who voluntarily came themselves, or sent in their servants." + +The practice of assuming the livery of a relation or friend, and of +permitting servants also to wear it, appears to have existed in England in +the time of Richard II., and to have had the personal example of this +sovereign to support it. He seems, however, to have thereby excited the +disapprobation of many of his spiritual and temporal peers. I produce the +following passage with some hesitation, because it is by no means certain +that any one of the liveries thus assumed by Richard was a livery of cloth: + + "17^{th} Richard II. A.D. 1393-4. + + "Richard Count d'Arundell puis le comencement de cest present Parlement + disoit au Roy, en presence des Achevesques de Canterbirs et d'Everwyk, + le Duc de Gloucestr', les Evesques de Wyncestre et Saresbirs, le Count + de Warrewyk et autres.... + + "Item [=q] le Roy deust porter la Livere de coler le Duc de Guyene et + de Lancastr'. + + "Item [=q] gentz de retenue de Roi portent mesme la Livere.... + + "A qei [=n]re S[=r] le Roi alors respondi au dit Count ... [=q] bientot + apres la venue son dit uncle de Guyene quant il vient d'Espaign darrein + en Engleterre [=q] mesme [=n]re S[=r] le Roi prist le Coler du cool + mesme son uncle et mist a son cool demesne et dist q'il vorroit porter + et user en signe de bon amour d'entier coer entre eux auxi come il fait + les Liveres ses autres uncles. + + "Item (quant au tierce) [=n]re S[=r] le Roi disoit [=q] ceo fuist de + counge de luy et de sa volunte [=q] gentz de sa retenue portent et + usent mesme la Livere de Coler."--_Rolls of Parliament_, vol. iii. p. + 313. + + "Richard Earl of Arundel, after the commencement of this present + parliament, said to the King in the presence of the archbishops of + Canterbury and of York, {474} the Duke of Gloucester, the Bishops of + Winchester and Salisbury, the Earl of Warwick, and others.... + + "Item. That the King uses to wear the livery of the collar of the Duke + of Guienne and of Lancaster. + + "Item. That persons of the retinue of the King wear the same livery. + + "To which our lord the King then answered to the said earl.... + + "That soon after the coming of his said uncle of Guienne, when he came + from Spain last into England, that himself our lord the King took the + collar from the neck of the same his uncle and put it on his own neck, + and said that he vowed to wear and to use it in sign of good love of + whole heart between them also, as he did the liveries of his other + uncles. + + "Item (as to the third). Our lord the King said that it was by leave + from him, and by his wish, that persons of his retinue wear and use the + same livery of the collar." + +This practice of one of our early sovereigns seems to afford a precedent +for the mode in which divers gentlemen and persons of quality voluntarily +showed civility towards Richard Evelyn, and for that in which several +gentlemen of birth and estate testified their respect and affection for +Humphrey Chetham. Nicholas Assheton also appears to have the support of +this royal precedent in so far as relates to his accepting and wearing the +livery of a friend and neighbour; and the custom of his day evidently lends +its sanction to his forming, upon a state occasion, one of the body of +menial servants in attendance upon Sir Richard Houghton, when he went to +meet the king. + +Another passage in the _Rolls of Parliament_ seems to afford a respectable +civic precedent for the services performed by Nicholas Assheton and other +liveried gentlemen, when they waited at the lords' table at Houghton Tower: + + "11^{th} Edward III. A.D. 1337. + + "A [=n]re Seigneur le Roy et a son conseil monstre Richard de Bettoyne + de Loundres, qe come au Coronement [=n]re Seigneur le Roy [=q] ore est + il adonge Meire de Loundres fesoit l'office de Botiller ove CCC e LX + vadletz vestutz d'une sute chescun portant en sa mayn un coupe blanche + d'argent come autres Meirs de Loundres ountz faitz as Coronementz des + [crossed p]genitours nostre Seigneur le Roy dont memoire ne court pars + et le fee q appendoit a cel jorne c'est asavoir un coupe d'or ove la + covercle et un ewer d'or enamaille lui fust livere [crossed p] assent + du Counte de Lancastre et d'autres Grantz qu'adonges y furent du + Conseil nostre Seigneur le Roy [crossed p] la mayn Sire Ro[/b]t de + Wodehouse et ore vient en estreite as Viscountes de Londres hors del + Chekker de faire lever des Biens et Chateux du dit Richard xx/iiii + ix_li._ xiis. vid. pur le fee avant dit dont il prie qe remedie lui + soit ordeyne. + + "Et le Meire et Citoyens d'Oxenford ount [crossed p] point de chartre + q'ils vendront a Londres l'Encorronement d'eyder le Meire de Loundres + pur servir a la fest et toutz jours l'ount usee. Et si i plest a [=n]re + Seigneur le Roy et a son Conseil nous payerons volonters la fee issent + qe nous soyons descharges de la service."--_Rolls of Parliament_, vol. + ii. p. 96. + + "To our lord the King and to his Council sheweth Richard de Bettoyne of + London, that whereas at the coronation of our lord the King that now + is, he their mayor of London performed the office of butler with three + hundred and sixty valets clothed of one suit each, bearing in his hand + a white cup of silver, as other mayors of London have done at the + coronations of the progenitors of our lord the King, whereof memory + runneth not, and the fee which appertained to this day's work, that is + to wit, a cup of gold with the cover, and a ewer of gold enamelled, + were delivered to him by assent of the Earl of Lancaster, and of the + other grandees who then there were of the council of our lord the King, + by the hand of Sire Robert de Wodehouse, and now comes in estreat to + the viscounts of London out of the Checquer, to cause to take the goods + and chattels of the said Richard, eighty-nine pounds twelve shillings + and sixpence, for the fee aforesaid, whereof he prays that remedy be + ordained to him. + + "And the mayor and citizens of Oxford have, by point of charter, that + they shall come to London to the coronation, to help the mayor of + London to serve at the feast, and always have so done. And if it please + our lord the King and his Council, we will pay willingly the fee, + provided that we be discharged of the service." + +There can be little doubt that the citizens of Oxford bore their own +travelling expenses; and it seems probable that the citizens of London and +Oxford bore the cost of the three hundred and sixty suits of clothes and +three hundred and sixty silver cups; but this is scarcely sufficient to +account for their willingness to pay a sum of money equivalent to about +fifteen hundred pounds in the present day, in order to be relieved from the +honourable service of waiting clothed in uniform, each with a silver cup in +his hand, helping the Mayor of London to perform the office of butler at +coronation feasts. However this may be, it is still somewhat remarkable +that, in the seventeenth century, Nicholas Assheton of Downham, Esq., and +other gentlemen of Lancashire, upon a less important occasion than a +coronation feast, dressed in the livery of Sir Richard Houghton and +voluntarily attended, day after day, at the lords' table at Houghton Tower, +and served the lords with biscuit, wine, and Jelly. + +J. LEWELYN CURTIS. + + * * * * * + +FEMALE PARISH CLERKS. + +(Vol. viii., p. 338.) + +The cases of Rex _v._ Stubbs and Olive _v._ Ingram, mentioned in the +following extracts from Prideaux's _Guide to Churchwardens_, p. 4., may be +of service: + + "Generally speaking, all persons _inhabitants_ of the parish are liable + to serve the office of churchwarden, {475} and from the cases of Rex + _v._ Stubbs (2 T. R. 395.; 1 Bott. 10.), in which it was held that a + woman is not exempt from serving the office of overseer of the poor, + and Olive _v._ Ingram (2 Str. 1114.), in which it was held that she may + be a parish sexton, there may, perhaps, be some ground for contending a + woman is not exempt from this duty." + +RUSSELL GOLE. + +A few years ago (she may still be so) there was a gentlewoman the parish +clerk of some church in London; perhaps some of your readers may be able to +say where: a deputy officiated, excepting occasionally. But many such +instances have occurred. + +In a note in Prideaux's _Directions to Churchwardens_ (late edition), the +following references are given as to the power of women to fill parochial +and other such offices: Rex _v._ Stubbs, 2 T. R. 359.; Olive _v._ Ingram, 2 +Strange, 1114. + +H. T. ELLACOMBE. + +Rectory, Clyst St. George. + +I beg to inform Y. S. M. that when I went to reside near Lincoln in 1828, a +woman was clerk to the parish of Sudbrooke, and died in that capacity a +very few years after. I do not remember her name at this moment, but I +could get all particulars if required on my return to Sudbrooke Holme. + +RICH. ELLISON. + +Balmoral Hotel, Broadstairs, Kent. + +I am able to mention another instance of a woman acting as parish clerk at +Ickburgh, in the county of Norfolk. It is the parish to Buckenham Hall, the +seat of the Honourable Francis Baring, near Thetford. A woman there has +long officiated as parish clerk, and still continues acting in that +capacity. + +F. R. + +I beg to refer Y. S. M. to the following passage Madame d'Arblay's _Diary_, +vol. v. p. 246.: + + "There was at Collumpton only a poor wretched ragged woman, a female + clerk, to show us this church: she pays a man for doing the duty, while + she receives the salary in right of her deceased husband!" + +M. L. G. + +At Misterton, near Crewkerne, in Somersetshire, Mary Mounford was clerk for +more than thirty years. She gave up the office about the year 1832, and is +now in Beaminster Union, just eighty-nine years old. + +HERBERT L. ALLEN. + + * * * * * + +POETICAL EPITHETS OF THE NIGHTINGALE. + +(Vol. vii., p. 397.; Vol. viii., p. 112.) + +To the one hundred and ten epithets poetically applied to the nightingale +and its song, collected by MR. BEDE, permit me to add sixty-five more. + + _Azure-crested._ Cowper. + _Bewailing._ Drummond. + _Chaunting._ Skelton. + _Chaste poet._ Grainger. + _Dappled._ Anon.[2] + _Darling._ Carey. + _Daulian minstrel._ Herrick. + _Delightful._ Shelley. + _Dusky-brown._ Trench. + _Early._ C. Smith. + _Elegiac._ Dibdin. + _Enamoured._ Shelley. + _Fabled._ Byron. + _Fair._ Smart. + _Greeful._[3] Lodge. + _Gurgling._ Lloyd. + _Hallow'd._ Moore. + _Hundred-throated._ Tennyson. + _Invisible._ Hurdis. + _Lesbian._ Bromley. + _Love-learned._ Thomson. + _Love-sick._ Warton. + _Loud-complaining._ Gibbons. + _Lulling._ Anon.[4] + _Lute-tongued._ Anon.[5] + _Mellow._ Strangford. + _Midnight minstrel._ Logan. + _Moody._ Hurdis. + _Nightly._ Bidlake. + _Pandionian._ Drummond. + _Panged._ Hood. + _Pitiful._ Herrick. + _Plaintful._ Drummond. + _Quavering._ Poole. + _Querulous._ Kennedy. + _Rapturous._ Southey. + _Rural._ Dryden. + _Sable._[6] Drummond. + _Sadly-pleasing._[7] Anon. + _Secret._ Shelley. + _Sely._ Chaucer. + _Sequestered._ J. Montgomery. + _Shy._ Dallas. + _Silver-tuned._ Carey. + _Simple._ Derrick. + _Sobbing._ Planche. + _Soft-tuned._ Whaley. + _Solitary._ Bowring. + _Sorrow-soothing._ Shaw. + _Sprightly._ Elton. + _Sweet-breasted._ Beaumont and Fletcher. + _Sweet-tongued._ Anon.[8] + _Sylvan syren._ Pattison. + _Tearful._ Potter. + _Tenderest._ Wiffen. + _Thracian._ Lewis. + _Transporting._ Hurdis. + _Unadorned._ Hurdis. + _Unhappy._ Croxall. + _Watchful._ Philips. + _Witching._ Proctor. + _Woodland._ Smith. + _Wretched._ Shirley. + _Wronged._ P. Fletcher. + _Yearly._ Drayton. + _Young._ Lewis. + +The character of the mere song alone has been described in the following +terms: + + _Melodious lay._ Potter. + _Lofty song._ Yalden. + _A storm of sound._ Shelley. + _Impressive lay._ Merry. + _Swelling slow._ Kirk White. + _Tremulously slow._ C. Smith. + _Wild melody._ Shelley. + _Thick melodious note._ Lloyd. + _Hymn of lore._ Logan. + _Melting lay._ Henley. + _Harmonious woe._ Pomfret. + _Well-tuned warble._ Shakspeare. + {476} + _Luscious lays._ Warton. + _Sadly sweet._ Potter. + _Varied strains._ Pope. + _Thick-warbled notes._ Milton. + +W. PINKERTON. + +Ham. + +[Footnote 2: Blackwood's Mag., Jan. 1838.] + +[Footnote 3: + + "I regard the prettie, greeful bard + With tearfull, yet delightfull, notes complaine."--_Heliconia._ + +[Footnote 4: Lays of the Minnesingers.] + +[Footnote 5: Weekly Visitor, July, 1835.] + +[Footnote 6: "Night's sable birds, which plain when others +sleep."--_Thaumantia._] + +[Footnote 7: Evening Elegy.--_Poetical Calendar._] + +[Footnote 8: Harleian Miscellany, vol. viii.] + + * * * * * + +PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE. + +_Photographic Exhibition._--We understand that the Photographic Society has +made arrangements for an exhibition of photographs in the metropolis during +the months of January and February next. The exhibition will not be +confined to the works of native photographers, but will comprise specimens +of the most eminent foreign artists, who have been specially invited to +contribute. From the advances which have been made in this favourite art, +even since the recent exhibition in the rooms of the Society of Arts, we +may confidently anticipate that the display on the present occasion will be +one of the highest interest. + +_How much Light is obstructed by a Lens?_--Can any of your scientific +correspondents furnish me with an approximation to the quantity of light +which is transmitted through an ordinary double achromatic lens, say of +Ross, Voightlander, or any other celebrated maker? + +LUX. + +_Stereoscopic Articles._--I cannot agree to my opponent's assumed amendment +(?) (Vol. viii., p. 419.) _space_, for the simple reason that it would be +virtually abandoning the whole of the points in dispute between us; when +farther discussion and more mature consideration, only tend to convince me +more firmly of the correctness of the propositions I have advocated, viz.: + +1st. That circumstances _may_ and _do_ arise in which a better result is +obtained in producing stereographs, when the chord of the angle of +generation is more or less than 2-1/2 inches. + +2nd. That the positions of the camera should _not_ be parallel but radial. + +I certainly thought that I had, as I intended, expressed the fact that I +treat the cameras _precisely as two eyes_, and moreover I still contend +that they should be so treated; my object being to present to each eye +_exactly such a picture and in such a direction as would be presented under +certain circumstances_. The plane of delineation being a flat, instead of a +curved surface, has nothing whatever to do with this point, because the +curves of the retinas are not portions of one curve having a common centre, +but each having its own centre in the axis of the pupil. That a plane +surface for receiving the image is not so good as a spherical one would be, +is not disputed; but this observation applies to photographs _universally_, +and is only put up with as the lesser of two evils. A plane surface +necessarily contracts the field of view to such a space as could be cut out +of the periphery of a hollow sphere, the versed sine of which bears but a +small ratio to its chord. + +There is another misunderstanding into which my opponent has fallen, viz. +the part of the object to be delineated, which should form the centre of +radiation, is not the most contiguous visible point, but the most remote +principal point of observation. I perceive that this is the case from two +illustrations he was kind enough to forward me, being stereographs of a +[T-square] square, placed with the points of junction towards the observer, +and the tail receding from him; and in one case the angle of the square is +made the centre of radiation, and while its distance from the camera is +only six feet, the points of delineation are no less than three feet apart. + +To push an argument to the extreme to test its value, is quite right; but +this goes far beyond the extreme, if I may be allowed such a very Hibernian +expression. + +No object, however minute, can be clearly seen if brought nearer to the +eyes than a certain point, because it will be what is technically called +out of focus. It is true that this point differs in different individuals, +but the _average distance_ of healthy vision is 10 inches. Now, adopting +MR. MERRITT'S own standard of 2-1/2 inches between the eyes, it is clear that +supposing the central point had been rightly selected, the distance between +the cameras was _only double_ what might have been taken an extreme +distance. It is scarcely necessary to suggest what a person devoid of taste +(in which category I am no doubt included) might do in producing +monstrosities by adopting the radial method, as such an one is not very +likely to produce good results at all. + +I now address myself to another accusation. It is quite true that I am +unacquainted with the _scholastic dogmas_ of perspective, but equally true +that I am familiar with _the facts_ thereof, as any one must be who has +studied optical and geometrical science generally; and while I concur in +the propositions as enunciated for a one-eyed picture, I by no means agree +to the assumption that the "vanishing points," in the two stereographs +taken radially with the necessary precautions, "would be so far apart, that +they could not in the stereoscope flow into one;" on the contrary, direct +experiment shows me, what reason also suggests, that they do flow into one +as _completely as in nature when viewed by both eyes_. + +I put the proposition thus, because I do not hesitate to avow that in +nature, as interpreted by binocular vision, these points do not +_absolutely_, but only approximately, flow _into one_; otherwise one eye +would be as effective as two. + +I have not the smallest objection to my views being considered "false to +art," as, alas! her fidelity to nature is by no means beyond suspicion. +{477} + +Lastly, as to the model-like appearance of stereographs taken at a large +angle, for the fact I need only refer the objector to most of the beautiful +foreign views now so abundant in our opticians' shops: for the reason, is +it not palpable that increasing the width of the eyes is analogous to +decreasing the size of the object? and if naturally we cannot "perceive at +one view three sides of a cake, two heads of a drum, nor any other like +absurdity," it is only because we do not use objects sufficiently _small_ +to permit us to do so. Even while I am writing this, I have before me a +small rectangular inkholder about 1-1/4 inches square, and distant from my +eyes about one foot, in which the very absurd phenomenon complained of does +exist, the front, top, and _both_ sides being perfectly visible at once: +and being one of those obstinate fellows who will persist in judging +personally from experience if possible, I fear I shall be found +incorrigible on the points on which your correspondent has so kindly +endeavoured to enlighten me. + +GEO. SHADBOLT. + +_To introduce Clouds_ (Vol. viii., p. 451.) as desired by your +correspondent [Greek: S]., the negative must be treated in the sky by +solution of cyanide of potassium laid on in the form desired with a camel's +hair pencil. This discharges a portion of the reduced silver, and allows +the light to penetrate; but great care is required to stop the action by +well washing in water before the process has gone too far. White clouds are +produced by painting them in with a black pigment mixed in size. + +GEO. SHADBOLT. + + * * * * * + + +Replies to Minor Queries. + +_Death of Edward II._ (Vol. viii., p. 387.).--P. C. S. S. has noticed with +considerable surprise the very strange assertion of MR. C. M. INGLEBY with +reference to the murder of Edward II. at Berkeley Castle, viz. that "Echard +and Rapin are silent, both as to the event and the locality." If MR. +INGLEBY will again refer to Echard (vol. i. p. 341., edit. 1718) and to +Rapin (vol. iii. p. 147., edit. 1749), he will perceive that the two +historians record "both the event and the locality." + +MR. INGLEBY did not perhaps consider that the transaction in question took +place during the reign of Edward III.; and is, therefore, not to be sought +for at the close of that of Edward _II._ (where probably MR. C. M. INGLEBY +looked for it), but among the occurrences in the time of Edward _III._ MR. +C. M. INGLEBY will assuredly find it there, not only in Echard and Rapin, +but in every other History of England since the date of the "event." + +P. C. S. S. + +_Luther no Iconoclast_ (Vol. viii., p. 335.).--An occasional contributor +wishes the Editor to note down this Query. What could have led your +correspondent J. G. FITCH to use so peculiarly inappropriate a synonym for +Martin Luther as "the great Iconoclast?" Has he any historical evidence for +Luther's breaking a single image? + +It is not to defend Luther, but to point out a defect in his teaching, as +it is regarded by the adherents of other Protestant churches, that Dr. +Maclaine has said, in his note on Book IV. ch. i. Sec. 18. of Mosheim: + + "It is evident, from several passages in the writings of Luther, that + he was by no means averse to the use of images, but that, on the + contrary, he looked upon them as adapted to excite and animate the + devotion of the people." + +Mosheim, and Merle D'Aubigne, and probably any other historian of the +Reformation in Germany, may be cited as witnesses for the notorious fact, +that Carlstadt excited the citizens of Wittemberg to break the images in +their churches when Luther was concealed in the Castle of Wartburg, and +that he rebuked and checked these proceedings on his return. See Mosheim, +as cited before, or D'Aubigne, book IX. ch. vii. and viii. + +H. W. + +_Rev. Urban Vigors_ (Vol. viii., p. 340.).--My great-great-grandmother was +a sister of Bishop Vigors, who was consecrated to the see of Leighlin and +Ferns, March 8, 1690. He, I know, was a near relative of the Rev. Urban +Vigors. An Urban Vigors of Ballycormack, co. Wexford, also married my +great-great-aunt, a Miss Thomas, sister of Vigors Thomas, Esq., of +Limerick. I should, equally with your correspondent Y. S. M., wish to know +any particulars of the "Vigors" family; and should be delighted to enter +into correspondence with him. + +W. SLOANE SLOANE-EVANS. + +Cornworthy Vicarage, Totnes. + +_Portrait of Baretti_ (Vol. VIII., p. 411.).--In reply to MR. G. R. +CORNER'S Query regarding Sir Joshua Reynolds' picture of Baretti, I can +give him the information he requires. + +This very interesting portrait is now at my brother's, Holland House, +Kensington. + +My late father, Lord Holland, had a pretty picture of the late Lord +Hertford's mother (I believe), or some near relation of his. Not being +connected with that family, my father offered it to Lord Hertford, leaving +it to his lordship to give him such picture as he might choose in exchange. +Some time afterwards this portrait of Baretti was sent, and was much prized +and admired. It represents Baretti reading a small book, which he holds +close to his face with both hands; he is in a white coat, and the whole +carries with it a certainty of resemblance. This occurred about twenty-five +years ago. Perhaps it may interest your readers to learn that our +distinguished {478} painter, Watts, painted for my brother, Lord Holland, a +portrait of another distinguished Italian, Mr. Panizzi, and pendant to the +former. He is represented leaning forward and writing, and the likeness is +very striking. + +C. FOX. + +Addison Road. + +_Passage in Sophocles._--In Vol. viii., p. 73., appears an article by MR. +BUCKTON, in which he quotes the following conclusion of a passage in +Sophocles: + + "[Greek: Hotoi phrenas] + [Greek: Theos agei pros atan;] + [Greek: Prassein d' oligoston chronon ektos atas.]" + +This, [Greek: petroi stathmen harmozon], he translates,-- + + "Whose mind the God leads to destruction; _but that he_ (_the God_) + practises this a short time without destroying such an one." + +But for the Italics it might have been an oversight: they would seem to +imply he has some authority for his translation. I have no edition of +Sophocles by me to discover, but surely no critical scholar can acquiesce +in it. The only _active_ sense of [Greek: prassein] I remember at the +moment is _to exact_. It surely should be translated, "_And he, whom the +God so leads to_ [Greek: ate], _fares_ a _very_ short time without it." The +best translation of [Greek: ate] is, perhaps, _infatuation_. Moreover, how +is the above translation reconciled with the very superlative [Greek: +oligoston]? + +M. + +_Brothers of the same Name_ (Vol. viii., p. 338.).--It is not unusual in +old pedigrees to find two brothers or two sisters with the same Christian +name; but it is unusual to find more than two living at the same time with +only one Christian name between them: this, however, occurs in the family +of Gawdy of Gawdy Hall, Norfolk. Thos. Gawdy married three wives, and by +each had a son Thomas. The eldest was a serjeant-at-law, and died in 1556. +The second was a judge of the Queen's Bench, and died in November, 1587 or +1588. The third is known as Sir Francis Gawdy, Chief Justice of the Common +Pleas; but he also was baptized by the name of Thomas. Lord Coke, who +succeeded him as Chief Justice, says (Co. Lit. 3. a.): + + "If a man be baptized by the name of Thomas, and after at his + confirmation by the bishop he is named John, he may purchase by his + name of confirmation; and this was the case of Sir Francis Gawdie, late + C. J. of C. B., whose name of baptism was Thomas, and his name of + confirmation Francis; and that name of Francis, by the advice of all + the judges in anno 36 Henry VIII. (1544-5), he did bear and after used + in all his purchases and grants." + +The opportunity afforded by the Roman Catholic Church of thus changing the +baptismal name may help to account for this practice, which probably arose +from a desire to continue the particular name in the family. If one of two +sons with the same name of baptism died in childhood, the other continued +the name: if both lived, one of them might change his name at confirmation. +There is no name given at confirmation according to the form of the Church +of England. + +F. B. + +_High Dutch and Low Dutch_ (Vol. viii., p. 413.).--Considerable +misapprehension appears to have arisen with regard to these expressions, +from the fact of the German word _Deutsch_ being sometimes erroneously +understood to mean Dutch. But German scholars very well know that in +Germany nothing is more common than to speak of _Hoch Deutsch_ and _Nieder +Deutsch_ (High German and Low German), as applied respectively to that +language when grammatically spoken and correctly pronounced, and to the bad +grammar and worse pronunciation indulged in by many of the provincials, and +also by the lower class of people in some of the towns where High German is +supposed to prevail. Thus, for examples Dresden is regarded as the +head-quarters of _Hoch Deutsch_, because there the language is spoken and +pronounced with the most purity: Berlin, also, as regards the well-educated +classes, boasts of the _Hoch Deutsch_; but the common people (das Volk) of +the Prussian capital indulge in a dialect called _Nieder Deutsch_, and +speak and pronounce the language as though they were natives of some remote +province. Now, the instance of Berlin I take to be a striking illustration +of the meaning of these expressions, as both examples are comprised in the +case of this city. + +The German word for "German" is _Deutsch_; for "Dutch" the German is +_Hollaendisch_; and I presume it is from the similarity of _Deutsch_ and +_Dutch_ that this common error is so frequently committed. For the future +let it be remembered, that _Dutch_ is a term which has no relation whatever +to German; and that "High German" is that language spoken and written in +its purity, "Low German" all the dialects and mispronunciations which do +not come up to the standard of correctness. + +JAMES SPENCE HARRY. + +8. Arthur Street. + +_Translations of the Prayer Book into French_ (Vol. vii., p. 382.; Vol. +viii., p. 343.).--Besides the editions already mentioned, a 4to. one was +published at London in 1689, printed by R. Everingham, and sold by R. +Bentley and M. Magnes. Prefixed to it is the placet of the king, dated 6th +October, 1662, with the subsequent approbation of Stradling, chaplain to +Gilbert (Sheldon), Bishop of London, dated 6th April, 1663. + +It seems ("N. & Q.," Vol. vii., p. 92.) that a {479} copy is in the British +Museum; one is also in my possession. + +I presume that there were other editions between the years 1663 and 1689. + +H. P. + +_Divining-rod_ (Vol. viii., p. 293.).--For a full account of the divining +rod see _La Physique occulte, ou Traite de la Baguette Divinatoire, &c._, +par Pere L. de Vallemont, a work by no means uncommon, having passed +through several editions. Mine is "a Paris, chez Jean Boudot, avec priv. +1709, in 12^o. avec figures," with the addition of a "Traite de la +Connoissance des Causes Magnetiques, &c., par un Curieux." + +A Cornish lady informs me that the Cornish miners to this day use the +divining-rod in the way represented in fig. 1. of the above-mentioned work. + +R. J. R. + +In the 351st number of the _Monthly Magazine_, dated March 1st, 1821, there +is a letter to the editor from W. Partridge, dated Boxbridge, Gloucester, +giving several instances of his having successfully used the divining-rod +for the purpose of discovering water. He says the gift is not possessed by +more than one in two thousand, and attributes the power to electricity. +Those persons in whose hands it will work must possess a redundancy of that +fluid. He also states that metals are discovered by the same means. + +K. B. + +_Slow-worm Superstition_ (Vol. vii., p. 33.).--The belief that the +slow-worm cannot die until sunset prevails in Dorsetshire. In the New +Forest the same superstition exists with regard to the brown adder. Walking +in the heathy country between Beaulieu and Christ Church I saw a very large +snake of this kind, recently beaten to death by the peasant boys, and on +remarking that the lower jaw continued to move convulsively, I was told it +would do so "till the moon was up." + +An aged woman, now deceased, who had when young been severely bitten by a +snake, told me she always felt a severe pain and swelling near where the +wound had been, on the anniversary of the occurrence. Is this common? and +can it be accounted for? + +W. E. + +Pimperne, Dorset. + +_Ravailliac_ (Vol. viii., p. 219.).--The destruction of the pyramid erected +at Paris upon the murder of Henry IV., is mentioned by Thuanus, _Hist._, +lib. 134. cap. 9. In your correspondent's Query, _Thesaur._ is, I presume, +misprinted for Thuan. + +B. J. + +_Lines on the Institution of the Garter_ (Vol. viii., p. 182.).--A. B. R. +says, "as also from the proverbial expression used in Scotland, and to be +found in Scott's _Works_, of 'casting a leggin girth,' as synonymous with a +female 'faux pas.'" I may mention to your correspondent (if he is not +already aware) that the expression is taken from Allan Ramsay's +continuation of _Christ's Kirk on the Green_ (edit. Leith, 1814, 1 vol. p. +101.): + + "Or bairns can read, they first maun spell, + I learn'd this frae my mammy; + And _coost a legen girth_ mysell, + Lang or I married Tammie." + +and is explained by the author in a note, "Like a tub that loses one of its +bottom hoops." In the west of Scotland the phrase is now restricted to a +young woman who has had an illegitimate child, or what is more commonly +termed "a misfortune," and it is probable never had another meaning. +_Legen_ or _leggen_ is not understood to have any affinity in its etymology +to the word _leg_, but is _laggen_, that part of the staves which projects +from the bottom of the barrel, or of the child's _luggie_, out of which he +sups his oatmeal _parritch_; and the _girth_, _gird_, or hoop, that by +which the vessel at this particular place is firmest bound together. Burns +makes a fine and emphatic use of the word _laggen_ in the "Birthday +Address," in speaking of the "Royal lasses dainty" (_Cunninghame_, edit. +1826, vol. ii. p. 329.): + + "God bless you a', consider now, + Ye're unco muckle dantet: + But ere the course o' life be thro' + It may be bitter santet. + An I hae seen their coggie fou, + That yet hae tarrow't at it; + But or the day was done, I trow, + The _laggen_ they hae clautet." + +which means, that at last, whether through pride, hunger, or long fasting, +the appetite had become so keen, that all, even to the last particle of the +_parritch_, was _clautet_, _scartit_, or scraped from the bottom of the +_coggie_, and to its inmost recesses surrounded by the _laggen girth_. Of +the motto of the garter, "Honi soit qui mal y pense," I have heard a +burlesque translation known but to few, in "_Honeys sweet quo' Mally +Spence_," synonymous with Proverbs, chap. ix. verse 17: "Stolen waters are +sweet, and bread _eaten_ in secret is pleasant." + +G. N. + +_Passage in Bacon_ (Vol. viii., p. 303.).--I had, partly from inadvertence, +and partly from a belief that a tautology would be created by a recurrence +to the idea of death, after the words "mortis terrore carentem," in the +preceding line, understood the verse in question to mean, "which regards +length of life as the last of Nature's gifts." On reconsideration, however, +I do not doubt that the received interpretation, which makes _spatium +extremum_ equivalent to _finem_, is the correct one. + +L. + +_What Day is it at our Antipodes?_ (Vol. viii., p. 102.).--A person sailing +to our Antipodes westward will lose twelve hours; by sailing thither +eastward he will gain twelve hours. If {480} both meet at the same hour, +say eleven o'clock, the one will reckon 11 A.M., the other 11 P.M. + +ESTE. + +_Calves' Head Club_ (Vol. viii., p. 315.).--In Hone's _Every Day Book_, +vol. ii. pp. 158, 159, 160., some more information is given on the +interesting event referred to in the Note made by MR. E. G. BALLARD. A +print is given of the scene; and the obnoxious toasts are also quoted; they +are: "The pious memory of Oliver Cromwell;" "Damn--n to the race of the +Stuarts;" "The glorious year 1648;" "The man in the mask," &c. The print is +dated 1734, which proves that the meeting at which the disturbance arose +was not the first which had taken place. + +S. A. S. + +Bridgewater. + +_Heraldic Query_ (Vol. viii., p. 219.).--Although A. was killed in open +rebellion, I think his armorial bearings were not forfeited unless he was +subsequently attainted by act of parliament; and even in that case it is +possible that the act contained a provision that the penalty should not +extend to the prejudice of any other person than the offender. Assuming +that A. was not attainted, or that the consequences of his attainder were +thus restricted to himself, or that his attainder has been reversed, it is +clear that his lawful posterity are still entitled to his arms, +notwithstanding the acceptance by his grandson C. of a new grant, which +obviously could no more affect the title to the ancient arms than the +creation of a modern barony can destroy the right of its recipient to an +older one. The descendants of C. being thus entitled to both coats, could, +I imagine, without difficulty obtain a recognition of their right; and I +think they might either use the ancient arms alone, or the ancient and the +modern arms quarterly, precedence being given to the former. The proper +course would be to seek the licence of the crown for the resumption of the +ancient surname, as well as of the arms. Such permission would, I +apprehend, be now conceded, even though it should appear that the arms were +really forfeited. + +HENRY GOUGH. + +Emberton, Bucks. + +_The Temple Lands in Scotland_ (Vol. viii., p. 317.).--These lands, or a +portion of them, were acquired, and afterwards transferred by sale, to Mr. +Gracie, by James Maidment, Esq., the eminent Scottish antiquary, who, in +1828-29, privately printed-- + + "Templaria: Papers Relative to the History, Privileges, and Possessions + of the Scottish Knights Templars, and their Successors, the Knights of + St. John of Jerusalem, with Notes," &c. + +This will no doubt contain all that your correspondent ABREDONENSIS could +desire upon the subject, provided he can obtain it; for the work, +professing to be printed by the author for presents, is confined to +twenty-five copies, and must therefore be rare. In 1831 was published by +Stevenson, Edinburgh, an _Historical Account of Linlithgowshire_, by the +late John Penney.[9] This is edited by Mr. Maidment, and contains a chapter +entitled an "Account of the Transmission of the United Estates of the +Templars and Hospitallers, after the dissolution of the Order in the reign +of Queen Mary;" and although the object of the editor is to notice the +charters connected with Linlithgowshire, the book contains a sketch of the +general history of the lands in question, abridged from the _Templaria_. + +J. O. + +[Footnote 9: Query the late George Chalmers.] + +_Sir John Vanbrugh_ (Vol. viii., p. 65. &c.).--In _An Account of the Life +and Death of Mr. Matthew Henry_, published in the year 1716, his biographer +having related that he was chosen a minister of a congregation of +Dissenters in the city of Chester, and that he went there to reside on the +first day of June, 1687, goes on to state (p. 75.): + + "That city was then very happy in several worthy gentlemen that had + habitations there; they were not altogether strangers to Mr. Henry + before he came to live among them, but now they came to be his very + intimate acquaintance; some of these, as Alderman Mainwaring and Mr. + Vanbrugh, father to Sir John Vanbrugh, were in communion with the + Church of England, but they heard Mr. Henry on the week-day lectures, + and always treated him with great and serious respect." + +This evidence serves to show that a Mr. Vanbrugh, who was living in Chester +in 1687, was the father of Sir John Vanbrugh. I have been told that in +former times there was a sugar-bakery at Chester. Did the father of Sir +John Vanbrugh carry on that business at Chester during any period of his +residence there? + +N. W. S. + +_Sir Arthur Aston_ (Vol. viii., p. 126.).--In reference to the Query of +your correspondent CHARTHAM, I take leave to refer him to Playfair's +_Baronetage_, vol. ii. p. 257., where a pedigree of that ancient family is +inserted. In p. 261. is a note, by which it appears that the said Sir +Arthur Aston had a daughter Elizabeth, born in Russia, and married to James +Thompson of Joyce Grove in Berkshire. + +In addition thereto, I recollect seeing the copy of a deed of sale, dated +April, 1637, by which it appears that Nicholas Hercy, of Nettlebed, in co. +Oxon., sold to James Thompson of Wallingford, in co. Berkshire, "Joys +Grove," in Nettlebed aforesaid; and there is united with the same James +Thompson, apparently as a trustee, "George Tattersall the younger, of +Finchampstead in said co. of Berkshire." + +{481} + +I also take leave to refer your correspondent to Lysons's _Environs of +London_, vol. ii. p. 393., under head of "Fulham," where it is stated that +Sir Arthur Aston's father resided in that parish. + +AN ANTIQUARY. + +_Nugget_ (Vol. viii., p. 357.).--Colonel Mundy, in _Our Antipodes_, says +that the word _nugget_ was, before the days of gold digging, used by the +farmers of Australia to express a small thick bullock, such as our English +farmers would call a lumpy one, or a little great one. + +A. H. WHITE. + + * * * * * + + +Miscellaneous. + +BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES WANTED TO PURCHASE. + +FORD'S HANDBOOK OF SPAIN. 1st Edition. + +COTTON'S FASTI ECCLESIAE HIBERNIAE. Parts III., VI., VII., and VIII. + +TORRIANO PIAZZA UNIVERSALE DI PROVERBI ITALIANI. London, 1668. Folio. + +BIBLIOTHECA TOPOGRAPHICA BRITANNICA. Vol. IX. + +ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRITANNICA. 7th Edition. Vol. XXII., Part 2. + +*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest prices, _carriage free_, to be +sent to MR. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES." 186. Fleet Street. + +Particulars of Price, &c. of the following Books to be sent direct to the +gentlemen by whom they are required, and whose names and addresses are +given for that purpose: + +WELLINGTON DISPATCHES. 13 Vols. Vols. II., III., and Index. (The full price +will be given.) + +SOUTHEY'S DOCTOR. Vols. III. and IV. + +PATRICK'S MENSA MYSTICA. + +STRICKLAND'S QUEENS OF ENGLAND. Vols. III., IV., V., VI., VII., VIII., and +X. + + Wanted by _A. Holden_, Bookseller, Exeter. + + * * * * * + +TWO DIALOGUES IN THE ELYSIAN FIELDS, BETWEEN CARD. WOLSEY AND CARD. +XIMENES. To which are added Historical Accounts of Wolsey's two Colleges +and the Town of Ipswich. By Joseph Grove. London, 1761. 8vo. + + Wanted by _W. S. Fitch_, Ipswich. + + * * * * * + +ADDISON'S WORKS. First Edition. + +JONES' (OF NAYLAND) WORKS. 13 Vols. 8vo. + +WILKINSON'S ANCIENT EGYPT. Vols. IV. and V. + +BYRON'S LIFE AND LETTERS. 3 Vols. 8vo. + + Wanted by _Simms & Son_, Booksellers, Bath. + + * * * * * + +KANT'S LOGIC, translated by John Richardson. + +HISTORIC CERTAINTIES by Aristarchus Newlight. + +SONGS--"The Boatmen shout." Attwood. "Ah! godan lor felicita" (Faust). +Spohr. + + Wanted by _C. Mansfield Ingleby_, Birmingham. + + * * * * * + +CHAPMAN'S ARCHITECTURIAE NAVALES MERCATURIAE. 1768. Folio. Published in +Sweden. + + Wanted by _Robert Stewart_, Bookseller, Paisley. + + * * * * * + +THE SPECTATOR, printed by Alex. Lawrie & Co., London, 1804. Vols. I., II., +III., VI., VII., and VIII. + + Wanted by _J. T. Cheetham_, Firwood, Chadderton, near Oldham. + + * * * * * + + +Notices to Correspondents. + +_We beg to call the special attention of such of our readers as are +Autograph Collectors to the advertisement which appears in the present +Number, descriptive of certain family and historical papers, which have +been missed within the last twelve months from the proper custody, and +shall only be too glad to hear that by so doing we have at all contributed +to their recovery._ + +BOOKS WANTED. _So many of our Correspondents seem disposed to avail +themselves of our plan of placing the booksellers in direct communication +with them, that we find ourselves compelled to limit each list of books to +two insertions. We would also express a hope that those gentlemen who may +at once succeed in obtaining any desired volumes will be good enough to +notify the same to us, in order that such books may not unnecessarily +appear in such list even a second time._ + +ST. JOHN'S, _who asks about the_ Stafford Knot, _will see by our last +Number, p._ 454., _that it is the badge or cognizance of the Earls of +Stafford._ + +MR. VAN LAUN'S _Query as to the derivation of_ Huguenot _is anticipated in +our_ 6th Vol., p. 317. _Will the Note there given help him to a +satisfactory solution?_ + +THE TESTAMENT OF THE TWELVE PATRIARCHS, 1686.--_The loan of this volume is +offered by_ T. D. _to the Correspondent who advertised for it some time +since in our columns._ + +AMICUS VERITATIS, _who inquires respecting_ Cleanliness is next to +Godliness, _is referred to our_ 4th Vol., p. 491., _for its probable +origin._ + +E. G. BALLARD. _The curious tenure of being the King's_ Vautrarius, _kindly +forwarded by this Correspondent, is already printed in Blount's_ Fragmenta +Antiquitates, p. 142., _ed._ 1784. + +C. E. F. _We would strongly recommend our Correspondent to adopt the paper +process described by_ DR. DIAMOND _in our first Number for the present year +(with correction of using the gallic acid, which, as stated in a subsequent +Number, was by accident omitted). Recent experience has more than ever +convinced us that if the method there laid down be_ strictly _followed, the +photographer will not meet with failures._ + +AN AMATEUR (Helston). MR. LYTE _is at present abroad, or we are sure he +would readily answer the Query of our Correspondent, as to whether the +chloride of barium recommended by him at p. 252., and the nitrate of lead +at p. 373., are to be the crystallised or liquid preparations._ + +AN AMATEUR PHOTOGRAPHER (Manchester). _If you will transmit us a specimen +of the failures which you mention, especially of the waved appearance, we +will do the best to answer your Queries: it is impossible otherwise +satisfactorily to do so._ + +M. A. _Always use your hyposulphite of soda_ saturated; _it does not reduce +the tone of pictures near so much as when it is used dilute._ + +"NOTES AND QUERIES" _is published at noon on Friday, so that the Country +Booksellers may receive Copies in that night's parcels, and deliver them to +their Subscribers on the Saturday._ + + * * * * * + + +Now ready, Two New Volumes (price 28s. cloth) of THE JUDGES OF ENGLAND and +the Courts at Westminster. By EDWARD FOSS. F.S.A. + + Volume Three, 1272-1377. + Volume Four, 1377-1485. + +Lately published, price 28s. cloth, + + Volume One, 1066-1199. + Volume Two, 1199-1272. + + "A book which is essentially sound and truthful, and must therefore + take its stand in the permanent literature of our country."--_Gent. + Mag._ + +London: LONGMAN & CO. + + * * * * * + + +12mo., cloth, with Frontispiece, 2s. 6d. + +THE VICAR AND HIS DUTIES: being Sketches of Clerical Life in a +Manufacturing Town Parish. By the REV. ALFRED GATTY. + + "As much a true effigy, though taken with pen and ink, as if Mr. Gatty + had put that capital parish priest, the Vicar of Leeds, before his + camera. To the many friends of Dr. Hook this little volume will be + deeply interesting."--_Notes and Queries._ + + "It unites the merit of lively and faithful sketching, sound + principles, and popular style."--_Churchman's Magazine._ + +GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + + +SUPPLEMENT TO DR. OLIVER'S MONASTICON DIOECESIS EXONIENSIS. + +In the Press, and will be published, in 1 vol. folio, price 10s. 6d. + +A SUPPLEMENT TO THE MONASTICON DIOECESIS EXONIENSIS. Being a Collection of +Records and Instruments further illustrating the Ancient Conventual, +Collegiate, and Eleemosynary Foundations in the Counties of Devon and +Cornwall. By GEORGE OLIVER, D.D. To correspond exactly in size, paper, and +type with the original work, and to contain a large folding Map of the +Diocese of Exeter at the time of the Dissolution of Monasteries. When +published, the price will be raised. + +Subscribers' Names received by A. HOLDEN, Bookseller, Exeter. + + * * * * * + + +{482} + +XYLO-IODIDE OF SILVER, exclusively used at all the Photographic +Establishments.--The superiority of this preparation is now universally +acknowledged. Testimonials from the best Photographers and principal +scientific men of the day, warrant the assertion, that hitherto no +preparation has been discovered which produces uniformly such perfect +pictures, combined with the greatest rapidity of action. In all cases where +a quantity is required, the two solutions may be had at Wholesale price in +separate Bottles, in which state it may be kept for years, and Exported to +any Climate. Full instructions for use. + +CAUTION.--Each Bottle is Stamped with a Red Label bearing my name, RICHARD +W. THOMAS, Chemist, 10. Pall Mall, to counterfeit which is felony. + +CYANOGEN SOAP: for removing all kinds of Photographic Stains. Beware of +purchasing spurious and worthless imitations of this valuable detergent. +The Genuine is made only by the Inventor, and is secured with a Red Label +bearing this Signature and Address, RICHARD W. THOMAS, CHEMIST, 10. PALL +MALL, Manufacturer of Pure Photographic Chemicals: and may be procured of +all respectable Chemists, in Pots at 1s., 2s., and 3s. 6d. each, through +MESSRS. EDWARDS, 67. St. Paul's Churchyard; and MESSRS. BARCLAY & CO., 95. +Farringdon Street, Wholesale Agents. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHIC PICTURES.--A Selection of the above beautiful Productions +(comprising Views in VENICE, PARIS, RUSSIA, NUBIA, &c.) may be seen at +BLAND & LONG'S, 153. Fleet Street, where may also be procured Apparatus of +every Description, and pure Chemicals for the practice of Photography in +all its Branches. + +Calotype, Daguerreotype, and Glass Pictures for the Stereoscope. + +*** Catalogues may be had on application. + +BLAND & LONG, Opticians, Philosophical and Photographical Instrument +Makers, and Operative Chemists, 153. Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHY.--HORNE & CO.'S Iodized Collodion, for obtaining Instantaneous +Views, and Portraits in from three to thirty seconds, according to light. + +Portraits obtained by the above, for delicacy of detail rival the choicest +Daguerreotypes, specimens of which may be seen at their Establishment. + +Also every description of Apparatus, Chemicals, &c. &c. used in this +beautiful Art.--123. and 121. Newgate Street. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS.--OTTEWILL'S REGISTERED DOUBLE-BODIED FOLDING CAMERA, +is superior to every other form of Camera, for the Photographic Tourist, +from its capability of Elongation or Contraction to any Focal Adjustment, +its Portability, and its adaptation for taking either Views or +Portraits.--The Trade supplied. + +Every Description of Camera, or Slides, Tripod Stands, Printing Frames, +&c., may be obtained at his MANUFACTORY, Charlotte Terrace, Barnsbury Road, +Islington. + +New Inventions, Models, &c., made to order or from Drawings. + + * * * * * + + +IMPROVEMENT IN COLLODION.--J. B. HOCKIN & CO., Chemists, 289. Strand. have, +by an improved mode of Iodizing, succeeded in producing a Collodion equal, +they may say superior, in sensitiveness and density of Negative, to any +other hitherto published; without diminishing the keeping properties and +appreciation of half tint for which their manufacture has been esteemed. + +Apparatus, pure Chemicals, and all the requirements for the practice of +Photography. Instruction in the Art. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION.--An EXHIBITION of PICTURES, by the most +celebrated French, Italian, and English Photographers, embracing Views of +the principal Countries and Cities of Europe, is now OPEN. Admission 6d. A +Portrait taken by MR. TALBOT'S Patent Process, One Guinea; Three extra +Copies for 10s. + +PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION, 168. NEW BOND STREET. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHIC PAPER.--Negative and Positive Papers of Whatman's, Turner's, +Sanford's, and Canson Freres' make. Waxed-Paper for Le Gray's Process. +Iodized and Sensitive Paper for every kind of Photography. + +Sold by JOHN SANFORD, Photographic Stationer, Aldine Chambers, 13. +Paternoster Row, London. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHIC APPARATUS, MATERIALS, and PURE CHEMICAL PREPARATIONS. + +KNIGHT & SONS' Illustrated Catalogue, containing Description and Price of +the best forms of Cameras and other Apparatus. Voightlander and Son's +Lenses for Portraits and Views, together with the various Materials, and +pure Chemical Preparations required in practising the Photographic Art. +Forwarded free on receipt of Six Postage Stamps. + +Instructions given in every branch of the Art. + +An extensive Collection of Stereoscopic and other Photographic Specimens. + +GEORGE KNIGHT & SONS, Foster Lane, London. + + * * * * * + + +DAGUERREOTYPE MATERIALS.--Plates, Cases. Passepartoutes. Best and Cheapest. +To be had in great variety at + +McMILLAN'S Wholesale Depot, 132. Fleet Street. + +Price List Gratis. + + * * * * * + + +HEAL AND SON'S EIDER DOWN QUILTS are made in three Varieties--the BORDERED +QUILT, the PLAIN QUILT, and the DUVET. The Bordered Quilt is in the usual +form of Bed Quilts, and is a most elegant and luxurious article. The Plain +Quilt is smaller, and useful as an extra covering on the bed, or as a +wrapper in the carriage, or on the couch. The Duvet is a loose case filled +with Eider Down as in general use on the Continent. Lists of Prices and +Sizes sent free by Post, on application to + + HEAL & SON'S Bedding Factory, + 196. Tottenham Court Road. + + * * * * * + + +LEEDS LIBRARY. + +LIBRARIAN.--Wanted a Gentleman of Literary Attainments, competent to +undertake the duty of Librarian in the Leeds Library. The Institution +consists of about 500 Proprietary Members, and an Assistant Librarian is +employed. The hours of attendance required will be from 10 A.M. to 8 P.M. +daily, with an interval of two hours. Salary 120l. a year. Applications, +with Certificates of Qualifications, must be sent by letter, post paid, not +later then 1st December next, to ABRAHAM HORSFALL, ESQ., Hon. Sec., 9. Park +Row, Leeds. + + * * * * * + + +THE GENTLEMAN'S MAGAZINE FOR NOVEMBER contains the following articles--1. +Sir Walter Raleigh at Sherborne. 2. The Pariah Girl, a Poem: by the Rev. +John Mitford. 3. Cotele, and the Edgecumbes of the Olden Time, by Mrs. +Bray, Part II. 4. The Annals of Appetite: Soyer's Pantropheon. 5. Notes on +Mediaeval Art France and Germany, by J. G. Waller: Mayence, Heidelberg, +Basle, and Strasburg. 6. Remarks on the White Horse of Saxony and +Brunswick, by Stephen Martin Leake, Esq., Garter. 7. The Campaigns of +1793-95 in Flanders and Holland. Correspondence of Sylvanus Urban: +Counsels' Fees and Lawyers' Bills; Shops in Westminster Hall; The Family of +Phipps; Mr. John Knill of St Ive's; Antiquity of the Mysterious Word +"Wheedle." With Notes of the Month; Historical and Miscellaneous Reviews; +Reports of the Archaeological Societies of Wales, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, +Wiltshire, Somersetshire, Suffolk, and Essex; Historical Chronicle; and +OBITUARY, including Memoirs of Earl Brownlow, Lord Anderson, Right Hon. Sir +Frederick Adam, Adm. Sir Charles Adam, James Dodsley Cuff, Esq., Mr. +Adolphus Asher, Leon Jablonski, &c. Price 2s. 6d. + +NICHOLS & SONS, 25. Parliament Street. + + * * * * * + + +Will be ready in November, + +TURNER AND GIRTIN'S PICTURESQUE VIEWS SIXTY YEARS SINCE. Edited by THOMAS +MILLER, ESQ., Author of "Rural Sketches," &c. With Thirty Engravings of the +Olden Time, from Drawings by J. M. W. TURNER and T. GIRTIN, Portraits, &c. +Handsomely bound, price One Guinea. + +HOGARTH, Haymarket, London. + + * * * * * + + +Fourth Edition of RUINS OF MANY LANDS. NOTICE.--A Fourth and Cheaper +Edition, Revised and considerably Enlarged, of MR. MICHELL'S "RUINS OF MANY +LANDS," with Portrait, cloth, price 4s. 6d. + +This Edition contains Remarks on Layard's latest Discoveries at Nineveh, +and treats of nearly all the Ruins of Interest now in the world. + + London: WILLIAM TEGG & CO., + 85. Queen Street, Cheapside. + + * * * * * + + +TO BOOK COLLECTORS.--Just published. T. MILLARD'S CATALOGUE of 10,000 +VOLUMES of SECOND-HAND BOOKS. Catalogues Gratis, and Post Free. N.B. +Libraries purchased or exchanged. A discount of 2d. in the 1s. allowed on +all new books. Ency. Britt., 7th edit., by Napier, 18 gs.; another, 6th +edit., calf, 12 gs.; Ency. Met., last edit., hf. clf., 18 gs.; Penny +Cyclo., 29 vols., hf. clf. 7 gs.; Illustrated London News, to end of 1852, +cloth, 12 gs.; Stafford Gallery Collection of Pictures, 2 vols. fol., mor. +elegant, 5 gs.; Rose's Biographical Dictionary, 12 vols. 8vo. cloth, new, +4l. 8s., &c.--70. Newgate Street, City, London. + + * * * * * + + +TWELFTH PUBLIC DRAWING.--The Fifteenth Purchase of Land having just been +made for the CONSERVATIVE LAND SOCIETY, consisting of a Mansion and Part of +Seventy-four Acres at St. Margaret's on the Banks of the Thames, opposite +Richmond Gardens, close to Three Stations on the South-Western Railroad, it +has been resolved that the TWELFTH PUBLIC DRAWING shall take place at +Freemason's Hall, at 8 o'clock in the evening, on Thursday, November the +17th, Viscount Ranelagh in the Chair. On this occasion, 131 Shares will be +added to the Order of Rights for priority of Selection on the Society +Estates, namely, 87 by drawing, and 44 by seniority of date of Membership. +All Shares taken prior to the final numbers being placed in the wheel, will +be included in this drawing. + + CHARLES LEWIS GRUNEISEN, + Secretary. + + * * * * * + + +{483} + +INDIGESTION, CONSTIPATION, NERVOUSNESS, &c.--BARRY, DU BARRY & CO.'S +HEALTH-RESTORING FOOD for INVALIDS and INFANTS. + + * * * * * + +THE REVALENTA ARABICA FOOD, the only natural, pleasant, and effectual +remedy (without medicine, purging, inconvenience, or expense, as it saves +fifty times its cost in other remedies) for nervous, stomachic, intestinal, +liver and bilious complaints, however deeply rooted, dyspepsia +(indigestion), habitual constipation, diarrhoea, acidity, heartburn, +flatulency, oppression, distension, palpitation, eruption of the skin, +rheumatism, gout, dropsy, sickness at the stomach during pregnancy, at sea, +and under all other circumstances, debility in the aged as well as infants, +fits, spasms, cramps, paralysis, &c. + +_A few out of 50,000 Cures:--_ + + Cure, No. 71, of dyspepsia; from the Right Hon. the Lord Stuart de + Decies:--"I have derived considerable benefits from your Revalenta + Arabica Food, and consider it due to yourselves and the public to + authorise the publication of these lines.--STUART DE DECIES." + + Cure, No. 49,832:--"Fifty years' indescribable agony from dyspepsia, + nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation, flatulency, spasms, sickness + at the stomach, and vomitings have been removed by Du Barry's excellent + food.--MARIA JOLLY, Wortham Ling, near Diss, Norfolk." + + Cure, No. 180:--"Twenty-five years' nervousness, constipation, + indigestion, and debility, from which I had suffered great misery, and + which no medicine could remove or relieve, have been effectually cured + by Du Barry's food in a very short time.--W. R. REEVES, Pool Anthony, + Tiverton." + + Cure, No. 4,208:--"Eight years' dyspepsia, nervousness, debility, with + cramps, spasms, and nausea, for which my servant had consulted the + advice of many, have been effectually removed by Du Barry's delicious + food in a very short time. I shall be happy to answer any + inquiries.--REV. JOHN W. FLAVELL, Ridlington Rectory, Norfolk." + +_Dr. Wurzer's Testimonial._ + + "Bonn, July 19. 1852. + + "This light and pleasant Farina is one of the most excellent, + nourishing, and restorative remedies, and supersedes, in many cases, + all kinds of medicines. It is particularly useful in confined habit of + body, as also diarrhoea, bowel complaints, affections of the kidneys + and bladder, such as stone or gravel; inflammatory irritation and cramp + of the urethra, cramp of the kidneys and bladder, strictures, and + hemorrhoids. This really invaluable remedy is employed with the most + satisfactory result, not only in bronchial and pulmonary complaints, + where irritation and pain are to be removed, but also in pulmonary and + bronchial consumption, in which it counteracts effectually the + troublesome cough; and I am enabled with perfect truth to express the + conviction that Du Barry's Revalenta Arabica is adapted to the cure of + incipient hectic complaints and consumption. + + "DR. RUD WURZER. + "Counsel of Medicine, and practical M.D. in Bonn." + +London Agents:--Fortnum, Mason & Co., 182. Piccadilly, purveyors to Her +Majesty the Queen; Hedges & Butler, 155. Regent Street; and through all +respectable grocers, chemists, and medicine venders. In canisters, suitably +packed for all climates, and with full instructions, 1lb. 2s. 9d.; 2lb. 4s. +6d.; 5lb. 11s.; 12lb. 22s.; super-refined, 5lb. 22s.; 10lb. 33s. The 10lb. +and 12lb. carriage free, on receipt of Post-office order.--Barry, Du Barry +Co., 77. Regent Street, London. + +IMPORTANT CAUTION.--Many invalids having been seriously injured by spurious +imitations under closely similar names, such as Ervalenta, Arabaca, and +others, the public will do well to see that each canister bears the name +BARRY, DU BARRY & CO., 77. Regent Street, London, in full, _without which +none is genuine_. + + * * * * * + + +WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE AND ANNUITY SOCIETY. + +3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON. + +Founded A.D. 1842. + + * * * * * + + _Directors._ + + H. E. Bicknell, Esq. + T. S. Cocks, Jun. Esq., M. P. + G. H. Drew, Esq. + W. Evans, Esq. + W. Freeman, Esq. + F. Fuller, Esq. + J. H. Goodhart, Esq. + T. Grissell, Esq. + J. Hunt, Esq. + J. A. Lethbridge, Esq. + E. Lucas, Esq. + J. Lys Seager, Esq. + J. B. White, Esq. + J. Carter Wood, Esq. + + _Trustees._--W. Whateley, Esq., Q.C.; George Drew, Esq., T. Grissell, + Esq. + _Physician._--William Rich. Basham, M.D. + _Bankers._--Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross. + +VALUABLE PRIVILEGE. + +POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary +difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application to +suspend the payment at interest, according to the conditions detailed in +the Prospectus. + +Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100l., with a Share in +three-fourths of the Profits:-- + + Age L s. d. + 17 1 14 4 + 22 1 18 8 + 27 2 4 5 + 32 2 10 8 + 37 2 18 6 + 42 3 8 2 + +ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary. + +Now ready, price 10s. 6d., Second Edition, with material additions. +INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION: being a TREATISE ON BENEFIT BUILDING +SOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of Land Investment, exemplified in +the Cases of Freehold Land Societies, Building Companies, &c. With a +Mathematical Appendix on Compound Interest and Life Assurance. By ARTHUR +SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life Assurance Society, 3. +Parliament Street, London. + + * * * * * + + +Solicitors' & General Life Assurance Society. + +52. CHANCERY LANE, LONDON. + +_Subscribed capital, ONE MILLION._ + +THIS SOCIETY PRESENTS THE FOLLOWING ADVANTAGES: + +The Security of a Subscribed Capital of ONE MILLION. + +Exemption of the Assured from all Liability. + +Premiums affording particular advantages to Young Lives. + +Participating and Non-Participating Premiums. + +In the former EIGHTY PER CENT. or FOUR-FIFTHS of the Profits are divided +amongst the Assured Triennially, either by way of addition to the sum +assured, or in diminution of Premium, at their option. + +No deduction is made from the four-fifths of the profits for Interest on +Capital, for a Guarantee Fund, or on any other account. + +POLICIES FREE OF STAMP DUTY and INDISPUTABLE, except in case of fraud. + +At the General Meeting, on the 31st May last, A BONUS was declared of +nearly Two PER CENT. per annum on the _amount assured_, or at the rate of +from THIRTY to upwards of SIXTY per cent. on the _Premiums paid_. + +POLICIES share in the Profits, even if ONE PREMIUM ONLY has been paid. + +Next DIVISION OF PROFITS in 1856. + +The Directors meet on Thursdays at 2 o'clock. Assurances may be effected by +applying on any other day, between the hours of 10 and 4, at the Office of +the Society. where prospectuses and all other requisite information can be +obtained. + +CHARLES JOHN GILL, Secretary. + + * * * * * + + +ACHILLES LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY,--25. CANNON STREET, CITY.--The Advantages +offered by this Society are Security, Economy, and lower Rates of Premium +than most other Offices. + +No charge is made for Policy Stamps or Medical Fees. Policies indisputable. + +Loans granted to Policy-holders. + +For the convenience of the Working Classes, Policies are issued as low as +20l., at the same Rates of Premium as larger Policies. + +Prospectuses and full particulars may be obtained on application to + +HUGH B. TAPLIN, Secretary. + + * * * * * + + +BANK OF DEPOSIT. + +7. St. Martin's Place, Trafalgar Square, London. + +PARTIES desirous of INVESTING MONEY are requested to examine the Plan of +this Institution, by which a high rate of Interest may be obtained with +perfect Security. + +Interest payable in January and July. + + PETER MORRISON, + Managing Director. + +Prospectuses free on application. + + * * * * * + + +ALLEN'S ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE, containing Size, Price, and Description of +upwards of 100 articles, consisting of + +PORTMANTEAUS, TRAVELLING-BAGS, Ladies' Portmanteaus, DESPATCH-BOXES, +WRITING-DESKS, DRESSING-CASES, and other travelling requisites. Gratis on +application, or sent free by Post on receipt of Two Stamps. + +MESSRS. ALLEN'S registered Despatch-box and Writing-desk, their +Travelling-bag with the opening as large as the bag, and the new +Portmanteau containing four compartments, are undoubtedly the best articles +of the kind ever produced. + +J. W. & T. ALLEN, 18. & 22. West Strand. + + * * * * * + + +W. H. HART, RECORD AGENT and LEGAL ANTIQUARIAN (who is in the possession of +Indices to many of the early Public Records whereby his Inquiries are +greatly facilitated) begs to inform Authors and Gentlemen engaged in +Antiquarian or Literary Pursuits, that he is prepared to undertake searches +among the Public Records, MSS. in the British Museum, Ancient Wills, or +other Depositories of a similar Nature, in any Branch of Literature, +History, Topography, Genealogy, or the like, and in which he has had +considerable experience. + +1. ALBERT TERRACE, NEW CROSS, HATCHAM, SURREY. + + * * * * * + + +BENNETT'S MODEL WATCH, as shown at the GREAT EXHIBITION, No. 1. Class X., +in Gold and Silver Cases, in five qualities, and adapted to all Climates, +may now be had at the MANUFACTORY, 65. CHEAPSIDE. Superior Gold London-made +Patent Levers, 17, 15, and 12 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 4 +guineas. First-rate Geneva Levers, in Gold Cases, 12, 10, and 8 guineas. +Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 5 guineas. Superior Lever, with +Chronometer Balance, Gold, 27, 23, and 19 guineas. Bennett's Pocket +Chronometer, Gold, 50 guineas; Silver, 40 guineas. Every Watch skilfully +examined, timed, and its performance guaranteed. Barometers, 2l., 3l., and +4l. Thermometers from 1s. each. + +BENNETT, Watch, Clock, and Instrument Maker to the Royal Observatory, the +Board of Ordnance, the Admiralty, and the Queen, + +65. CHEAPSIDE. + + * * * * * + + +{484} + +ARNOLD'S SECOND HEBREW BOOK. + +In 12mo., price 9s. + +THE SECOND HEBREW BOOK: containing the BOOK of GENESIS, with Syntax, +Vocabulary, and Grammatical Commentary. By the late REV. T. K. ARNOLD, +M.A., Rector of Lyndon, and formerly Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge; +and the REV. H. BROWNE, M.A. Canon of Chichester. + +RIVINGTONS, Waterloo Place; + +Of whom may be had, + +THE FIRST HEBREW BOOK: on the Plan of "Henry's First Latin Book." 7s. 6d. + + * * * * * + + +HERALDIC ILLUSTRATIONS, &c. By A. P. HARRISON. + +The following Works illustrative of English History, Genealogy, &c., may be +had of the Author and Designer, No. 30. Gilbert Street, Grosvenor Square, +at the prices set against the respective works. Copies will be forwarded, +Post Free, on Receipt of a Post Office Order for the amount. + +I. Roll of Arms granted by Henry III. as Hereditary Bearings to the +Nobility. Price, in colours, 1l. 10s. 6d. Emblazoned in gold, 2l. 2s. + +II. Roll of Arms granted by Edward I. as Hereditary Bearings to the Knights +Companions at the Siege of Karlaverock, A.D. 1300. Price, in colours, 15s. +6d. Emblazoned in gold, 21s. + +III. Roll of Arms granted by Richard II. to his Nobility, A.D. 1377. Price, +in colours, 4l. 14s. 6d. Emblazoned in gold, 6l. 6s. + +IV. Roll of Arms of all the Knights of the Garter from their Installation +Plates at St. George's Chapel, Windsor Castle, &c. Price, in colours, 15l. +15s. Emblazoned in gold, 21l. + +V. Facsimile of Magna Charta, with Arms of the Barons. + +VI. Genealogy of Sovereigns of England from Egbert, with their Arms, &c. +Price coloured, 21s. Emblazoned in gold, 1l. 11s. 6d. + +VII. Facsimiles of the Warrant for the Execution of Mary Queen of Scots and +of King Charles I. Price, on parchment, 2s. 6d. each. On vellum paper, 1s. +6d. each. + + * * * * * + +SCIENCE OF ARCHERY, showing its Affinity to Heraldry, &c. By A. P. +HARRISON, Author of "Treatise on the Formation of the English +Constitution," &c. 8vo. Price 3s. 6d. + +A. P. HARRISON, 30. Gilbert Street, Grosvenor Square + + * * * * * + + +Price 1-1/2d. + +CHAMBERS'S EDINBURGH JOURNAL. No. 515. Saturday, Nov. 12, 1853. + + CONTENTS: + + The Sea-side Resorts of the Londoners. + A few Jottings about Maps. + Trouble-the-House: A Legend of Livonia. + Present Aspects of Life Assurance. + Poetry of Trees. + Alligators of the Valley of the Amazon. + Miscellanea. + +W. & R. CHAMBERS, 3. Bride Court Passage, Fleet Street, London; and 339. +High Street, Edinburgh. And sold by all Booksellers. + + * * * * * + + +TO AUTOGRAPH AND MANUSCRIPT COLLECTORS AND OTHERS. + +The following Documents and Letters are Missing within the last Twelve +Months:-- + +Letters from Mathew Hutton to the Duke of Somerset, describing the Three +Daughters of Lord Winchelsea, enigmatically, as Three Books. Dated August, +1725. + +Letters from Beau Nash as to Ladies C. and H. Finch. Dated August and +September, 1725. + +Letter from W. Edwards to Mathew Hutton. Dated Burly, December 11th, 1725. + +Letters containing A Proposal of Marriage from the Duke of Somerset to Lady +C. Finch. Dated 1725. + +Letter from the Duke of Somerset to the Earl of Winchelsea on the same +subject. + +Letters between Lord Granville and the Duke of Somerset, as to Titles on +the Death of the Duke's Grandson. Dated November and December, 1744. + +Autograph Notes from George III. to Charles, Earl of Egremont, on Public +Business. Dated 1762 and 1763. + +Letter of Lord Lyttleton to the Earl of Egremont, inclosing Complimentary +Verses to Lady Egremont. Dated January 1st, 1761. + +A Particular of the Duchess of Somerset's Debts. Dated October 7th, 1697. + +Holograph Letter from Charles II. to the Countess of Northumberland, +proposing the Marriage of his son George with her Grand-daughter, the Percy +Heiress. + +Letter from Lord Hertford to his Father, consenting to marry. + +The Commencement of a Letter of Lord Nelson's, &c. &c. + +Any information relative to the above will be thankfully received and a +liberal Reward paid on restoration of the Papers. + +Apply to MESSRS. RYMER, A. MURRAY, & RYMER, No. 5. Whitehall, London. + + * * * * * + + +This Day is published, + +A CATALOGUE of a very Choice and Valuable Collection of Books, Ancient and +Modern, in the English and Foreign Languages, and Books of Prints, in very +fine condition, also some beautifully Illuminated Manuscripts upon Vellum, +including a most splendid Vellum MS. of the Latin Bible, in two very large +volumes folio, written circa 1380; also a richly Illuminated Copy of +Ferdosi's Shah Nameh, in Persian, with Thirty-seven beautiful +Paintings:--principally bound by the best Binders, Derome, Bozerian, +Kalthoeber, Walther, Lewis, Clarke, Bedford, Riviere, Aitken, &c.: selected +from the Libraries of the Rev. Dr. Hawtrey, Provost of Eton; Very Rev. Dr. +Butler, Dean of Peterborough, formerly Head Master of Harrow; Right Hon. +Warren Hastings, formerly Governor-General of India; Rev. R. J. Coates, +Sopworth House, Gloucestershire, collected by him during the last sixty +years, with great taste and judgment, regardless of expense; S. Freeman, +Esq., Fawley Court (built by Inigo Jones), Henley-on-Thames; John Miller, +Esq., of Lincoln's Inn; and various other Libraries sold in London and the +Country, with some private purchases. Now on sale at the prices affixed, by + +JOSEPH LILLY, 19. King Street, Covent Garden, London. + +This Valuable Catalogue will be forwarded to any gentleman inclosing Two +Postage Stamps to prepay it. It may also be seen attached to the +"Gentleman's Magazine" for November. + +*** Such a Catalogue of Rare, Valuable and Choice Books, in fine condition, +has not been published for some years. + + * * * * * + + +This Day is published, price 8s. 6d. + +[Greek: DEMOSTHENOUS O PERI TES PARAPRESBEIAS LOGOS.] + +DEMOSTHENES DE FALSA LEGATIONE. By RICHARD SHILLETO, M.A., Trinity College, +Cambridge. Second Edition, carefully revised. + + Cambridge: JOHN DEIGHTON. + London: GEORGE BELL. + + * * * * * + + +This Day is published. price 5s. 6d. + +AN ELEMENTARY TREATISE ON PLANE CO-ORDINATE GEOMETRY, By REV. W. SCOTT, +M.A., Mathematical Lecturer and Late Fellow of Sidney Sussex College, +Cambridge. + + Cambridge: JOHN DEIGHTON. + London: GEORGE BELL, Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + + +Just published, price 1s. + +THE STEREOSCOPE, + +Considered in relation to the Philosophy of Binocular Vision. An Essay, by +C. MANSFIELD INGLEBY, M.A., of Trinity College, Cambridge. + +London: WALTON & MABERLEY, Upper Gower Street, and Ivy Lane, Paternoster +Row. Cambridge: J. DEIGHTON. + +Also, by the same Author, Price 1s., + +REMARKS on some of Sir William Hamilton's Notes on the Works of Dr. Thomas +Reid. + + "Nothing in my opinion can be more cogent than your refutation of M. + Jobert."--_Sir W. Hamilton._ + +London: JOHN W. PARKER, West Strand. Cambridge: E. JOHNSON. Birmingham: H. +C. LANGBRIDGE. + + * * * * * + + +Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 10. Stonefield Street, in the Parish +of St. Mary, Islington, at No. 5. New Street Square, in the Parish of St. +Bride, in the City of London; and published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. +Fleet Street, in the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of +London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.--Saturday, November +12. 1853. + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 211, +November 12, 1853, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES *** + +***** This file should be named 27008.txt or 27008.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/2/7/0/0/27008/ + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Library of Early +Journals.) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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