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diff --git a/27004.txt b/27004.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9ca0166 --- /dev/null +++ b/27004.txt @@ -0,0 +1,3523 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 204, September +24, 1853, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes and Queries, Number 204, September 24, 1853 + A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, + Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc. + +Author: Various + +Editor: George Bell + +Release Date: October 24, 2008 [EBook #27004] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES *** + + + + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Library of Early +Journals.) + + + + + +Transcriber's note: A few typographical errors have been corrected: they +are listed at the end of the text. + + * * * * * + + +{285} + +NOTES AND QUERIES: + +A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, +GENEALOGISTS, ETC. + +"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE. + + * * * * * + + +No. 204.] +SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 24. 1853. +[Price Fourpence. Stamped Edition 5d. + + * * * * * + + +CONTENTS. + + NOTES:-- Page + + Extinct Volcanos and Mountains of Gold in Scotland 285 + Thomas Blount, Author of "Fragmenta Antiquitatis," + &c., by J. B. Whitborne 286 + "Give him a Roll."--A Plea for the Horse, by C. + Forbes 287 + Dream Testimony, by C. H. Cooper 287 + Shakspeare Correspondence 288 + + MINOR NOTES:--Epitaph from Stalbridge--Curious + Extracts: Dean Nowell: Bottled Beer--A Collection + of Sentences out of some of the Writings of the + Lord Bacon--Law and Usage--Manichaean Games + --Bohn's Hoveden--Milton at Eyford House 289 + + QUERIES:-- + + Earl of Leicester's Portrait, 1585 290 + Early Use of Tin 291 + St. Patrick--Maune and Man, by J. G. Cumming 291 + Passage in Bingham, by Richard Bingham 291 + + MINOR QUERIES:--"Terrae filius"--Daughter pronounced + Dafter--Administration of the Holy Communion + --Love Charm from a Foal's Forehead--A + Scrape--"Plus occidit Gula," &c.--Anecdote of + Napoleon--Canonisation in the Greek Church--Binometrical + Verses--Dictionary of English Phrases + --Lines on Woman--Collections for Poor Slaves-- + The Earl of Oxford and the Creation of Peers-- + "Like one who wakes," &c. 292 + + MINOR QUERIES WITH ANSWERS:--Glossarial Queries + --Military Knights of Windsor--"Elijah's Mantle" 294 + + REPLIES:-- + + Milton and Malatesti, by S. W. Singer 295 + Attainment of Majority 296 + John Frewen 296 + "Voiding Knife," "Voider," and "Alms-Basket," by + W. Chaffers 297 + The Letter "h" in Humble 298 + School Libraries, by Mackenzie Walcott, M.A., &c. 298 + Dr. John Taylor 299 + Portrait of Sir Anthony Wingfield, by John Wodderspoon, + &c. 299 + Barnacles 300 + + PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE:--Precision in Photographic + Processes--Tent for Collodion--Mr. + Sisson's Developing Solution--Mr. Stewart's Pantograph 301 + + REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES:--George Browne of + Shefford--Wheale--Sir Arthur Aston--"A Mockery," + &c.--Norman of Winster--Arms of the See of + York--Roger Wilbraham Esq.'s, Cheshire Collection + --Pierrepont--Passage in Bacon--Monumental Inscription + in Peterborough Cathedral--Lord North-- + Land of Green Ginger--Sheer, and Shear Hulk-- + Serpent with a Human Head--"When the maggot + bites"--Definition of a Proverb--Gilbert White + of Selborne, &c. 301 + + MISCELLANEOUS:-- + + Notes on Books, &c. 306 + Books and Odd Volumes wanted 306 + Notices to Correspondents 306 + Advertisements 307 + + * * * * * + + +Notes. + +EXTINCT VOLCANOS AND MOUNTAINS OF GOLD IN SCOTLAND. + +It is by some supposed that the Hill of Noth, in the parish of Rhynie, +Aberdeenshire, had at one time been a volcano in full operation: others, +again, maintain that the scoria found on and in the neighbourhood are +portions of a vitrified fort, which had at one time stood on its summit. I +am not aware that the matter has been investigated since our advancement in +the science of geology has enabled us to have a more intimate knowledge of +these things than formerly. The last statistical account of Scotland has +suffered severely in its Aberdeenshire volume, in consequence of the +temporary deposition of the "seven Strathbogie clergymen." The accounts of +their several parishes were written by parties only newly come to reside in +them, and who appear to have taken little interest in it; and Rhynie is one +of these. Those who argue for its having been a volcano, say that it is +very possible that there may at one time have been an electric or magnetic +chain connecting it with subterranean fire in some other quarter of the +world; and that by some convulsion of nature, the spinal cord of its +existence had been broken, and life became extinct. This hypothesis has +been acted on, in accounting for the earthquakes which occur at Comrie in +Perthshire. The great storm which devastated the princely estates of Earl +Goodwin in Kent (circa anno 1098), and now so well known to mariners as the +Goodwin Sands, is also said to have laid waste the parish of Forvie, in +Aberdeenshire. On the occasion of the great earthquake at Lisbon in 1755, a +flock of sheep were drowned in their cot in the neighbourhood of +Lossiemouth, near Elgin, by the overflowing of the tide, although far +removed from ordinary high-water-mark. Assuming this mountain to have been +a volcano, are there any others in Great Britain? While on the subject of +mountains in that quarter, there is another which also demands attention +for quite a different reason, the Hill of Dun-o-Deer, in the parish of +Insch: a conical hill of no great elevation, on the top of which stand the +remains of a vitrified fort {286} or castle, said to have been built by +King Gregory about the year 880, and was used by that monarch as a +hunting-seat and where, combining business with pleasure, he is said to +have meted out even-handed justice to his subjects in the Garioch. It has +long been the popular belief that this hill contains gold; and that the +teeth of sheep fed on it assume a yellower tinge, and also that their fat +is of the same colour. Notwithstanding this, no attempt at scientific +investigation has ever been made. The operations on the line of the Great +North of Scotland Railway, now in progress in the immediate neighbourhood, +may possibly bring something to light. This line passes for many miles +through a country particularly rich in recollections of the "olden +time"--cairns, camps, old chapels, druidical circles, sculptured stones, +&c. and where ancient coins, battle-axes of all the three periods, urns and +elf-arrow heads, Roman armour, &c., have been disinterred by the ordinary +labours of the field. Within a short distance of its route lies the Hill of +Barra, where the famous battle was fought, anno 1308, between the "Bruce" +and the "Comyn;" the Bass at Inverary, the Hill of Benachie, with the +remains of a fortification on its summit, said to have been erected by the +Picts; the field of Harlaw, famed in song, where the battle was fought in +1411, in which Donald of the Isles was defeated. There are many traditional +ballads and stories relating to Benachie and Noth. There is a ballad called +"John O'Benachie" and another, "John O'Rhynie, or Jock O'Noth" and they do +not appear in any collection of ancient ballads I have seen. It is said +that long "before King Robert rang," two giants inhabited these mountains, +and are supposed to be the respective heroes of the two ballads. These two +sons of Anak appear to have lived on pretty friendly terms, and to have +enjoyed a social crack together, each at his own residence, although +distant some ten or twelve miles. These worthies had another amusement, +that of throwing stones at each other; not small pebbles you may believe, +but large boulders. On one occasion, however, there appears to have been a +coolness between them; for one morning, as he of Noth was returning from a +foraging excursion in the district of Buchan, his friend of Benachie, not +relishing what he considered an intrusion on his legitimate beat, took up a +large stone and threw at him as he was passing. Noth, on hearing it +rebounding, coolly turned round, and putting himself in a posture of +defence, received the ponderous mass on the sole of his foot: and I believe +that the stone, with a deeply indented foot-mark on it, is, like the bricks +in Jack Cade's chimney, "alive at this day to testify." Legendary lore and +fabulous ballads aside, it would indeed be strange if something interesting +to the antiquary does not turn up in such a mine as this. It is curious, +however, that in all the operations antecedent to covering Great Britain +with, as it were, a network of iron, so very few discoveries should have +been made of any importance, either to the antiquary or geologist. + +ABREDONENSIS. + + * * * * * + +THOMAS BLOUNT, AUTHOR OF "FRAGMENTA ANTIQUITATIS," ETC. + +Being on a visit to some friends on the confines of the county of Salop, +bordering on Herefordshire, I took the opportunity long cherished of +visiting the spot where lie the remains of the author of _Boscobel; +Fragmenta Antiquitatis, or Ancient Tenures of Land, and Jocular Customs of +Manors, &c._, and copied the following inscription from his monument, in +the chancel of the ancient church of Orleton in the latter county. I +believe it has never been published; and although neither Note nor Query is +connected with it, it may serve to fill up a corner in your valuable +miscellany, and thus preserve from the oblivion of a retired country +church, a memorial of one well known to the antiquarian world of +literature. It is on a brass plate inserted in a stone monument against the +wall of the chancel: + + "D.O.M. + Hic seminatur Corpus Animale + Spiritale resurrecturum + THOMAE BLOUNT. + De Orleton in agro Herefordiensi Armigeri, + Ex interiori Templo Londini J Cti. + Viri priscis Moribus avitae Fidei, + Vitae integerrimae, Pietatis solidae, + Fidelitatem, Dilectionem, Amorem, Charitatem, + In Principem, Suos, Amicos, Omnes, + Illibate coluit. + Uxorem duxit + Annam + Filiam Eadmundi Church Armigeri + E Maldonia East Saxonum. + Unica Corporis prole. + (Elizabetha) + Mentis multiplici + (Libris utilissimis) + Familiam propagavit, perennavit Famam. + Requiem, Lector, si fas ducis, huic apprecare + Et melior abi. + Obiit Decembris 26, 1679. AEtatis 61. + ---- + Pientissima Coniunx + moerens + Posuit." + +The village of Orleton is celebrated for a very large annual fair, which +occurs on April 23; and a saying is connected therewith: "That the cuckoo +always comes on Orleton fair-day;" which has doubtless arisen from the +circumstance, that this "messenger of spring" generally arrives in this +country by that day. + +J. B. WHITBORNE. + + * * * * * + +{287} + +"GIVE HIM A ROLL."--A PLEA FOR THE HORSE. + +We learn, from the comedy of the _The Clouds_, that the Athenians were +accustomed to refresh their horses after a race by allowing then to roll on +the ground; for Pheidippides, the wild young man of the play, who spent +much of his own time and of his father's money on the "turf," and who is +shown in the opening scene fast asleep in bed, dreaming of his favourite +amusement, says very quietly, + + "[Greek: Apage ton hippon exalisas oikade] [32]-- + +an order which he had probably often given to his groom at the Hippodrome, +the Newmarket or Ascot of Athens. + +I have often seen racing, I have often seen hunters brought home after a +hard day's work, and I have read of forced marches, &c. made by cavalry and +artillery; but never yet have I heard of an English Houyhnhnm, either at +home or abroad, who was invited to refresh himself after his labours, civil +or military, classically, with a _roll_. + +Dobbin, that four-footed Ofellus, + + "Rusticus, abnormis sapiens, crassaque Minerva," + +whenever he has the luck to spend his summer Sunday's _otium cum dignitate_ +in a paddock, invariably indulges in a baker's dozen, without waiting for +an invitation to do so, and without saying "with your leave" or "by your +leave." + +They ordered this matter better in Africa some fifty years ago, and I hope +they still continue so to order it. + +By one of the stipulations of the hollow Peace of Amiens, the colony of the +Cape of Good Hope was restored by Great Britain to the Batavian Republic, +which immediately appointed Mr. J. A. de Mist its Commissary-General, and +despatched him to receive the ceded territory from the hands of the +English, to instal the new Governor, General J. W. Janssens, into his high +office, and to reorganise the constitution of the colony. + +Having fulfilled these duties, Mr. De Mist determined to make a tour of +inspection, and he accordingly travelled _on horseback_ nearly 4500 English +miles through the interior. Among his suite was a Dr. Lichtenstein, the +physician and _savant_ of the party, who afterwards published an account of +the expedition. + +The extract that I am about to make from his work may at first sight appear +unnecessarily long; but I wish the "courteous reader" to bear in mind that +I do not cite it for the sake of parading a long rambling comment on five +short words of Aristophanes, but for that of bringing forward additional +evidence, to prove that a dry roll may occasionally be of as much service +in recruiting the strength and spirits of that noble animal, the horse, +when jaded by violent exertion or long-protracted toil, as our English +nostrums, a warm mash or a bottle of water. Dr. Lichtenstein says,-- + + "Our road led us soon again over the Vogel river and here we were + obliged to supply ourselves with water for the whole day, since not a + drop was to be met with again till the Melk river, a distance of ten + hours [ = 50 English miles]. When we had filled our vessels, and our + cattle had drunk plentifully, we proceeded on our way. + + "It is difficult for an European to form an idea of the hardships that + are to be encountered in a journey over such a dry plain at the hottest + season of the year. All vegetation seems utterly destroyed; not a blade + of grass, not a green leaf, is anywhere to be seen; and the soil, a + stiff loam, reflects back the heat of the sun with redoubled force; a + man may congratulate himself that, being on horseback, he is raised + some feet above it. Nor is any rest from these fatigues to be thought + of, since to stop where there is neither shade, water, or grass, would + be only to increase the evil, rather than to diminish it. + + "Yet the African horses are so well accustomed to hardships, although + they have in fact much less innate strength than the European, that it + is incredible what a length of way they will go, in the most intense + heat, without either food or drink. It is, however, customary for the + riders to dismount at intervals, when the saddles are taken off, and + the animals are suffered to roll upon the ground and stretch out their + limbs for a short time. This they do with evident delight, and after + they have well rolled, stretched, and shaken themselves, they rise up + and go on as much refreshed as if they had had food and drink given + them. On arriving at a farm, the invitation of the host, who comes + immediately to the door, is, 'Get off, Sir, and let him roll.' A slave + then appears, takes the horse, and leads him backwards and forwards for + a few minutes, to recover his breath, and he is then unsaddled and left + to roll. + + "These rollings were then the only refreshment we could offer our + horses, and both they and their riders were, when towards evening they + arrived at the Melk river, exceedingly exhausted."--_Travels in + Southern Africa in the Years 1803-1806_. By Henry Lichtenstein, Doctor + in Medicine and Philosophy, &c. &c. Translated from the original German + by Anne Plumptre: London, Henry Colburn, 1812; vol. i. chap. xxv. + +C. FORBES. + +Temple. + + * * * * * + +DREAM TESTIMONY. + +On Saturday the 30th of July, 1853, the dead body of a young woman was +discovered in a field at Littleport, in the Isle of Ely. The body has not +yet been identified, and there can be little doubt that the young woman was +murdered. At the adjourned inquest, held on the 29th of August, before Mr. +William Marshall, one of the coroners for the isle, the following +extraordinary evidence was given: + + "James Jessop, an elderly, respectable-looking labourer, with a face of + the most perfect stolidity, and {288} who possessed a most + curiously-shaped skull, broad and flat at the top, and projecting + greatly on each side over the ears, deposed: 'I live about a furlong + and a half from where the body was found. I have seen the body of the + deceased. I had never seen her before her death. On the night of + Friday, the 29th of July, I dreamt three successive times that I heard + the cry of murder issuing from near the bottom of a close called Little + Ditchment Close (the place where the body was found). The first time I + dreamt I heard the cry it woke me. I fell asleep again, and dreamt the + same again. I then woke again, and told my wife. I could not rest; but + I dreamt it again after that. I got up between four and five o'clock, + but I did not go down to the close, the wheat and barley in which have + since been cut. I dreamt once, about twenty years ago, that I saw a + woman hanging in a barn, and on passing the next morning the barn which + appeared to me in my dream I entered, and did find a woman there + hanging, and cut her down just in time to save her life. I never told + my wife I heard any cries of murder, but I have mentioned it to several + persons since. I saw the body on the Saturday it was found. I did not + mention my dream to any one till a day or two after that. I saw the + field distinctly in my dream and the trees thereon, but I saw no person + in it. On the night of the murder the wind lay from that spot to my + house.' + + "Rhoda Jessop, wife of the last witness, stated that her husband + related his dreams to her on the evening of the day the body was + found." + +In Mr. John Hill Burton's _Narratives from Criminal Trials in Scotland_, is +a chapter entitled "Spectral and Dream Testimony," to which the above +evidence will be a curious addition. + +C. H. COOPER. + +Cambridge. + + * * * * * + +SHAKSPEARE CORRESPONDENCE. + +_"Priam's six-gated city," &c._--In the prologue to Troilus and Cressida +occurs-- + + " . . . Priam's six-gated city, + Dardan and Tymbria, Ilias, Chetas, Trojan, + And Antenorides, with massy staples, + And corresponsive and fulfilling bolts." + +What struck me here was the omission of the only gate of Troy really known +to fame, _the Scaean_, which looked on the tomb of the founder Laomedon; +before which stood Hector, "full and fixed," awaiting the fatal onslaught +of Achilles; where Achilles, in turn, received his death-wound from the +shaft of Paris; and through which, finally, the wooden horse was +triumphantly conveyed into the doomed city. + +The six names are shown to be taken by Shakspeare in part from Caxton, and +in part from Lydgate: and in Knight's edition we are told that they are +"pure inventions of the middle age of romance-writers." + +Let us examine this assertion. The names are to be found pretty nearly as +above, but with one important difference, in Dares' _History of the Trojan +War_. My authority is Ruaeus, the Delphine editor of Virgil (see his note at +_AEn._ II. 612.). Now Dares (perhaps the oldest of the profane writers whom +we know) was a Phrygian, who took part in the Trojan war, and wrote its +history in Greek: and the Greek original was still extant in the time of +AElian, from A.D. 80 to 140. Of this, now lost, a Latin translation still +survives, by some attributed to Cornelius Nepos, and by some regarded as +spurious; but, either way, its date must be long antecedent to "the middle +age of romance-writers." It was doubtless from this Latin history that +Caxton or Lydgate, or both, derived directly or indirectly the names they +adopted; and yet it is to be noted that they give respectively the names of +_Chetas_ and _Cetheas_ to one of their gates, and omit the well-known +_Scaean_, which Dares expressly mentions; for I presume that no principle of +philology will sanction the identification of _Scaean_ with either of the +terms used by these two writers. + +I have trespassed somewhat on your space, but let me hope the subject may +be farther elucidated. The points I wish to put forward are, Shakspeare's +omission of the Scaean gate, and the proposition by Knight (for a +proposition it is, though in a participular form), that these six names are +"pure inventions of the middle age of romance-writers." + +W. T. M. + +Hong Kong. + +_On the Word "delighted" in "Measure for Measure," &c._ (Vol. viii., p. +241.).--Inasmuch as the controversy respecting this word seems to be over, +and no one of the critics and commentators on Shakspeare's text appears to +have the slightest clue to the real meaning and derivation, I will +enlighten them. But, first, I must say, I am surprised that DR. KENNEDY +should (though he has certainly hit on the right meaning) be unable to give +a better account of the word than that in Vol. ii., pp. 139. 250. And as to +the passage quoted (Vol. ii., p. 200) by MR. SINGER from Sidney's +_Arcadia_, I beg to inform him that the word _delight_, which occurs +therein, is a misprint for _daylight_! + +We find, in the Latin, the substantive _deliciae_, delight, pleasure, +enjoyment; and the adjective (derived from the same root, and _guiding us +to the original meaning of the substantive_) _delicatus_, which amongst +other meanings, has that of tender, soft, gentle, delicate, dainty. + +As the early English scholars were not very particular about the _form_ of +the words they introduced from the Latin, or indeed of those which were +purely English, for they changed them at their pleasure,--and that this is +the case, I presume no one at all versed in the literature of the time of +Henry VIII. will dispute,--it requires no great exertion of fancy to +believe, that, finding {289} the substantive _deliciae_ Englished _delight_, +they rendered the adjective _delicatus_ delighted. The _fact_ that they +_did_ use the words _delight_ and _delicate_ as synonymous, is proved by a +passage in "a boke named the _Gouernour_ deuised by Syr Thomas Elyot, +Knyght, Londini, 1557;" in which, at folio 203., p. 1., we find Titus, the +son of Vespasian, who was ordinarily termed "the delight of mankind," +called "the delicate of the world." + +We are therefore to conclude that the words _delicate_ and _delighted_ were +used indifferently by writers of the age of Shakspeare, as well as by those +previous to him, to express the same thing; and that by the phrase +"delighted spirit" in _Measure for Measure_, "delighted beauty" in +_Othello_, "delighted gifts" in _Cymbeline_, we are to understand, +exquisitely tender, delicate, or precious. + +I cannot agree with DR. KENNEDY that _deliciae_, _delicatus_ come from +_deligere_ rather than _delicere_; since, if my memory does not deceive me, +the former is as often, if not oftener, used by good writers to express to +drive away, to upset, to remove from, or detach--as to select or +choose--which is the only meaning the word has akin to _deliciae_; whereas +_delicere_ is actually used by one of the earlier Latin poets for to +delight. + +The word _dainty_, I may inform DR. KENNEDY, is from the obsolete French +_dein_ or _dain_, delicate; which probably came from the still older Teut. +_deinin_, _minuta_ (vid. Schilter). + +H. C. K. + +---- Rectory, Hereford. + + * * * * * + + +Minor Notes. + +_Epitaph from Stalbridge._--The following epitaph from the churchyard of +Stalbridge, Dorsetshire, may perhaps be thought worthy of preservation, if +it be not a hackneyed one: + + "So fond, so young, so gentle, so sincere, + So loved, so early lost, may claim a tear: + Yet mourn not, if the life, resumed by heaven, + Was spent to ev'ry end for which 'twas given. + Could he too soon escape this world of sin? + Or could eternal life too soon begin? + Then cease his death too fondly to deplore, + What could the longest life have added more?" + +C. W. B. + +_Curious Extracts.--Dean Nowell--Bottled Beer._--I was somewhat hasty in +assuming (see Vol. vii., p. 135.) that bottled beer was an unknown +department in early times, as the following extract will show. It is from +Fuller's _Worthies of England_, under "LANCASHIRE," the subject of the +notice being no less a person than the grave divine Alexander Nowell, dean +of St. Paul's, author of the Catechism, whose fondness for angling is also +commemorated by Izaak Walton. Fuller, having noticed the narrow escape +which Nowell had from arrest by some of Bishop Bonner's emissaries in Queen +Mary's reign, having had a hint to fly whilst fishing in the Thames, +"whilst Nowell was catching of fishes, Bonner was catching of Nowell," +proceeds to say,-- + + "Without offence it may be remembered that, leaving a bottle of ale, + when fishing, in the grass, he found it some days after no bottle, but + a gun, such the sound at the opening thereof: and this is believed + (casualty is the mother of more inventions than industry[1]) the + original of bottled ale in England."--Nuttall's edit., vol. ii. p. 205. + +BALLIOLENSIS. + +[Footnote 1: Fuller might have quoted the Greek proverb, [Greek: Tuche +technes esterxe kai techne tuches.]] + +_A Collection of Sentences out of some of the Writings of the Lord Bacon_ +(i. 422. edit. Montagu), with the ensuing exceptions, is taken out of the +_Essays_, and in regular order: + +No. 1. p. 33. of the same volume. + +No. 2. p. 21. + +No. 3. p. 5. + +No. 4. p. 8. + +No. 51. My reference is illegible: the words are,--"Men seem neither well +to understand their riches nor their strength: of the former they believe +greater things than they should; and of the latter, much less. And from +hence, certain fatal pillars have bounded the progress of learning." + +No. 68. pp. 173. 272. 321. + +No. 69. p. 185. + +No. 70. p. 176. + +No. 71. Vol. vi., p. 172. The Charge of Owen, &c. + +Nos. 72, 73. Vol. vii., p. 261. The Speech before the Summer Circuits, +1617. + +S. Z. Z. S. + +_Law and Usage._--In _The Times_ of September 1, the Turkish correspondent +writes as follows: + + "Mahmoud Pasha declared in the Divan of the 17th that 'he would divorce + his wife, but would not advise a dishonourable peace with Russia.' This + is an expression of the strongest kind in use amongst the Turks." + +It is worth a Note that, in spite of polygamy and divorce, a common proverb +is monogamic, and divorce is spoken of as the greatest of unlikelihoods. + +M. + +_Manichaean Games._--Take any game played by two persons, such as draughts, +and let the play be as follows: each plays his best for himself, and +follows it by playing the worst he can for the other. Thus, when it is the +turn of the white to play, he first plays the white as well as he can; and +then the black as badly (for the other player) as he can. The black then +does the best he can with the black, and follows it by the worst he can +{290} do for the white. Of course, by separating the good and evil +principles, four persons might play. + +M. + +_Bohn's Hoveden._--By way of expressing my sense of obligation to Mr. Bohn +and his editors for the _Antiquarian Library_, perhaps you will suffer me +to point out what appears to be an inaccuracy in the translation of Roger +de Hoveden's _Annals_? At p. 123. of vol. ii., the word _Suuelle_ (as it +appears to stand in the original text) is translated into _Swale_: but +surely no other place is here meant than the church of St. Mary's at +_Southwell_[2] (or _Suthwell_, _Sudwell_, _Suwell_, or _Suell_, as +variously spelt, but never _Swale_), in Nottinghamshire. + +I would also notice a trifling error (perhaps only a misprint) at p. 125.; +where we are informed in a note, that the Galilee of Durham Cathedral is at +the _east_ end, whereas its real position is at the _west_. + +J. SANSOM. + +Oxford. + +[Footnote 2: The seal of the vicars of Southwell, ann. 1262, had in its +circumference the words "Commune sigillum Vicariorum Suuell."--Vid. +Thoroton's _Nottinghamshire, North Muskham_, ed. 1796, vol. iii. p. 156.] + +_Milton at Eyford House, Gloster._--In the British Museum (says Wilson in +his description of Christ's College, Cambridge) is the original +proclamation for Milton's appearance after the Restoration. Where was he +secreted? I find this note in my book:--At Eyford House, Gloucestershire, +within two miles of Stow-on-the-Wold, on the road to Cheltenham, a spring +of beautiful water is called "Milton's Well," running into a tributary of +the Thames. The old house, &c., at the time would be out of the way of +common information. + +P. J. + + * * * * * + + +Queries. + +EARL OF LEICESTER'S PORTRAIT, 1585. + +There is at Penshurst, among many other interesting memorials of the +Dudleys, an original portrait of Elizabeth's Earl of Leicester, with the +following painted upon it: "Robert, E. of Leicester, Stadtholder of +Holland, A.D. 1585." After this comes the ragged staff, but without its +usual accompaniment, the bear. Under the staff follow these enigmatical +lines, which I request any of your correspondents to translate and explain. +I send you a translation in rhyme; I should thank them the more if they +would do the same: as to explanation, the longer the better. + + + "Principis hic Baculus, patriae columenque, decusque, + Hoc uno, ingratos quo beet, ipse miser." + + This ragged staff by Leicester's potent hand, + Brought succour, safety, to this threaten'd land: + One thing alone embitters every thought, + He to ungrateful men these blessings brought. + +Now for a word of commentary: and first as to "Stadtholder of Holland, A.D. +1585." The good woman who showed the picture informed us that it was +painted by order of the stadtholder, and presented to Leicester; if so, +there would have been a _jussu provinciarum foederatarum depictus_, or +something of that sort; but no such compliment was to be expected from the +Dutch, for they hated him, complained of his conduct, memorialised the +queen against him: see the pamphlets in the British Museum, 4to. 1587, C. +32. a. 2. But though it was most unlikely that the Dutch or their +stadtholder should have presented this picture to Leicester, it well +accorded with Leicester's vanity and presumption, and still more with that +vanity and presumption as displayed in his conduct as commander-in-chief of +the forces in Holland, to call himself _The Stadtholder_, and to order his +painter to put that title under his portrait. + +The verses may now be referred to in support of this view of the subject. +Leicester therein represents himself as unhappy, because he had bestowed +blessings on the ungrateful Dutch. + +In conclusion, take the following full-length portrait of Leicester's +indignation (_Leicester, a Belgis vituperatus, loquitur_): + + "This ragged staff my resolution shows, + To save my Queen and Holland from their foes: + Still deeply seated in my heart remains + One cause, one fruitful cause, of all my pains; + 'Tis base ingratitude--'tis Holland's hate. + My presence sav'd that country, chang'd its fate. + But the base pedlars gain'd my sov'reign's ear, + And at my counsels and my courage sneer; + They call me tyrant, breaker of my word, + Fond of a warrior's garb without his sword. + A servile courtier, saucy cavalier, + Bold as a lion when no danger's near, + They say I seek their country for myself, + To fill my bursting bags with plunder'd pelf; + They say with goose's, not with eagle's wing, + I wish to soar, and make myself a king. + Dutchmen! to you I came, I saw, I sav'd: + Where'er my staff, my bear, my banner wav'd, + The daunted Spaniard fled without a blow, + And bloodless chaplets crown'd my conquering brow. + Dutchmen! with minds more stagnant than your pools, + (But in reproachful words more knaves than fools), + You will not see, nor own the debt you owe + To him who conquers a retreating foe. + Such base ingratitude as this alloys + My triumph's glory, and my bosom's joys." + +V. T. + +Tunbridge Wells. + + * * * * * + +{291} + +EARLY USE OF TIN. + +Mr. Layard, in his work upon Nineveh and Babylon, in reference to the +articles of bronze from Assyria now in the British Museum, states, that the +_tin_ used in the composition was probably obtained from Phoenicia; and, +consequently, that _that_ used in the Assyrian bronze may actually have +been _exported_ nearly _three thousand_ years ago from the British Isles. + +The Assyrians appear to have made an extensive use of this metal; and the +degree of perfection which the making of bronze had then reached, clearly +shows that they must have been long experienced in the use of it. _They_ +appear to have received what they used from the Phoenicians. _When_ and _by +whom_ was tin first discovered in our island? Were the _Celtic tribes_ +acquainted with it _previously_ to the arrival of the Phoenicians upon our +shores? + +It is said that the Phoenicians were indebted to the Tyrian Hercules for +their trade in tin; and that this island owed them its name of _Baratanac_, +or Britain, the land of tin. Was the _Tyrian Hercules_, or, as he was +afterwards known and worshipped, as the Melkart of Tyre, and the Moloch of +the Bible, was _he_ the _merchant-leader_ of the first band of Phoenicians +who visited this island? _When_ did _he_ live? + +G. W. + +Stansted, Montfichet. + + * * * * * + +ST. PATRICK--MAUNE AND MAN. + +Amongst the many strange derivations given of the name of Mona or Man (the +island), I find one in an old unpublished MS. by an unknown author, of the +date about 1658, noticed by Feltham (_Tour through the Isle of Man_, p. +8.), on which I venture to ground a Query. The name of the island is there +said to have been derived from Maune, the name of the great apostle of the +Mann, before he received that of Patricius from Pope Celestine. + +Now if St. Patrick ever had the name Maune, he could not have given it to +the island, which was called Mona, Monabia, and Menavia, as far back as the +days of Caesar, Tacitus, and Pliny. I have not access to any life of St. +Patrick in which the name Maune occurs; but in the _Penny Cyclopaedia_, +under the head "Patrick," I find it said, "According to Nennius, St. +Patrick's original name was Maur," and I find the same stated in Rose's +_Biographical Dictionary_. But the article in the latter is evidently taken +from the former, and I suspect the Mau_r_ may in both be a misprint for +Mau_n_.[3] Can "N. & Q." set me right, or give me any information likely to +solve the difficulty? + +I may as well notice here that amongst the many ways in which the name of +this island has been pronounced and spelt, that of _Maun_ seems to have +prevailed at the period of the Norwegian occupation. On a Runic monument at +Kirk Michael, we have it very distinctly so spelt. + +With regard to the name Mona, applied both to Man and Anglesea, I have +little doubt we may find its root in the Sanscrit _man_, to know, worship, +&c., whence we have Manu the son of Brahma, Menu, Menes, Minos, Moonshee, +and Monk. The name Mona would seem to have been applied to both islands, as +being specially the habitation of the Druids, whose name probably came +either from the Celtic _Trow-wys_, wisemen, or the Saxon _dru_, a +soothsayer, very close in signification to the Sanscrit _mooni_, a holy +sage, learned person. As connected with this idea I may ground another +Query: Might not these two Monas, the abode of piety and wisdom, be the +true, [Greek: makaron nesoi], the _Fortunatae Insulae_ of the ancients? + +J. G. CUMMING. + +Castletown. + +[Footnote 3: In _Monumenta Historica Britannica_ the passage reads "Quia +_Maun_ prius vocabatur." In a note from another MS. the word is spelt +_Mauun_.--ED.] + + * * * * * + +PASSAGE IN BINGHAM. + +MR. RICHARD BINGHAM, whose new and improved edition of his ancestor's works +is now printing at the Oxford University Press, would feel sincerely +obliged to any literary friend who should become instrumental in +discovering the following passage from one of the sermons of Augustine: + + "Non mirari debetis, fratres carissimi, quod inter ipsa mysteria de + mysteriis nihil diximus, quod non statim ea, quae tradidimus, + interpretati sumus. Adhibuimus enim tam sanctis rebus atque divinis + honorem silentii." + +Joseph Bingham (b. x. ch. v. s. 11.) cites those words as from "Serm. I., +inter 40. a Sirmondo editos," which corresponds with Serm. V. according to +the Benedictine edition, Paris, 1689--1700, tom. v. p. 28.; but no such +words occur in that sermon. The passage is daggered by Grishovius, who +first gave the citations at length; neither has MR. R. BINGHAM hitherto +been able to meet with it, though a great many similar desiderata in former +editions he has discovered and corrected. + +An answer through "N. & Q." will oblige; still more so if sent direct to +his present address, 57. Gloucester Place, Portman Square, London. + +MR. BINGHAM would also be glad to be informed where Athanasius uses the +term [Greek: diakonos], generally for any minister of the church, whether +deacon, presbyter, or bishop? Joseph Bingham (b. ii. ch. xx. s. 1.) cites +the tract _Contra Gentes_, but the expression is not there. + +{292} + +The earlier a reply comes the more acceptable will it be. + +57. Gloucester Place, Portman Square. + + * * * * * + + +Minor Queries. + +_"Terrae filius."_--When was the last "Terrae filius" spoken at Oxford; and +what was the origin of the name? + +W. FRASER. + +Tor-Mohun. + +_Daughter pronounced Dafter._--In the Verney Papers lately printed by the +Camden Society is a letter from a Mistress Wiseman, in which she spells +_daughter_ "daftere." It is evident that she pronounced the _-augh_ as we +do in laughter. Is this pronunciation known to prevail anywhere at the +present day? + +C. W. G. + +_Administration of the Holy Communion._--Which side, _north_ or _south_, is +the more correct for the priest to commence administering the Holy +Sacrament of the Lord's Supper? Give the authority or reasons in support of +your opinion. I cannot find any allusion in Hook's _Church Dictionary_, or +in Wheatly's _Common Prayer_; and I have seen some clergymen begin one end, +some the other. + +CLERICUS (A.). + +_Love Charm from a Foal's Forehead._--I have searched some time, but in +vain, in order to find out what the _lump_ or _love charm_, taken out of a +foal's forehead, was called. Virgil mentions it in _AEneid_, lib. iv. 515., +where Dido is preparing her funeral pile, &c.: + + "Quaeritur et nascentis equi de fronte revulsus, + Et matri praereptus, _amor_." + +Tacitus also makes mention of it continually. I have no doubt but that +through your interesting and learned columns I shall obtain an answer. It +was not _philtrum_. + +H. P. + +_A Scrape._--What is the origin of the expression "Getting into a scrape?" + +Y. B. N. J. + +_"Plus occidit Gula," &c._--Can any of your correspondents direct me where +the following passage is to be found?-- + + "Plus occidit gula, quam gladius." + +T. + +_Anecdote of Napoleon._--I remember to have heard of a young lady, one of +the _detenus_ in France after the Peace of Amiens, having obtained her +liberation through a very affecting copy of verses of her composition, +which, by some means, came under the notice of Napoleon. The Emperor was so +struck with the strain of this lament, that he forwarded passports, with an +order for the immediate liberation of the fair writer. Can any of your +correspondents verify this anecdote, and supply a copy of the verses? + +BALLIOLENSIS. + +_Canonisation in the Greek Church._--Does the Greek Church ever now +canonise, or add the names of the saints to the Calendar? + +If so, by whom is the ceremony performed? + +ANTONY CLOSE. + +Woodhouse Eaves. + +_Binometrical Verses._--Who made the following verse?-- + + "Quando nigrescit nox, rem latro patrat atrox." + +It is either hexameter or pentameter, according to the scansion? + +C. MANSFIELD INGLEBY. + +Birmingham. + +_Dictionary of English Phrases._--Is there in English any good dictionary +of phrases similar to the excellent _Frasologia Italiana_ of P. Daniele? + +G. K. + +_Lines on Woman._--W. V. will be glad to know if any of the correspondents +of "N. & Q." can tell where the following lines are to be found?-- + + "Not she with traitrous kiss her master stung, + Not she denied him with unfaithful tongue; + _She_, when apostles fled, could danger brave, + Last at his cross, and earliest at his grave." + +_Collections for Poor Slaves._--I have met with the following memorandum in +a parish register, and have seen notices of similar entries in others: + + "1680. Collected for the redemption of poor slaves in Turkey, the sum + of 2s. 8d." + +Can you refer me to the king's letter authorising such collections to be +made? + +W. S. + +Northiam. + + [Some information upon this point will be found in "N. & Q.," Vol. i., + p. 441.; Vol. ii., p 12.] + +_The Earl of Oxford and the Creation of Peers._--Where will be found the +answer made by the Earl of Oxford when impeached in the reign of Queen Anne +for creating in one day twelve peers? + +S. N. + +_"Like one who wakes," &c._--Can any of your readers supply the authorship +and connexion of the following lines?-- + + "Like one who wakes from pleasant sleep, + Unto the cares of morning." + +C. W. B. + +_Bells at Berwick-upon-Tweed._--Can any one favour me with a parallel or +similar case, in respect to bells, to what I recently met with at +Berwick-upon-Tweed? The parish church, which is the only one in the town, +and a mean structure of Cromwell's time, is without either tower or {293} +bell; and the people are summoned to divine service from the belfry of the +town-hall, which has a very respectable steeple. Indeed, so much more +ecclesiastical in appearance is the town-hall than the Church, that (as I +was told) a regiment of soldiers, on the first Sunday after their arrival +at Berwick, marched to the former building for divine service, although the +church stood opposite the barrack gate. My kind informant also told me that +he found a strange clergyman one Sunday morning trying the town-hall door, +and rating the absent sexton; having undertaken to preach a missionary +sermon, and become involved in the same mistake as the soldiers. + +But more curious still was the news that there is a meeting-house in +Berwick belonging to the anti-burghers, who are dissenters from the Church +of Scotland, which has a bell, for the ringing of which, as a summons to +worship, Barrington, Bishop of Durham, granted a licence, which still +exists. I was not aware that bishops either had, or exercised, the power of +licensing bells; but my informant will, I doubt not, on reading this, +either verify or correct the statement. At the time when the bell was +licensed, the congregation were in communion with the Church of Scotland. + +ALFRED GATTY. + +_The Keate Family, of the Hoo, Herts._--I shall be obliged to any of your +readers for information respecting the _Sir Jonathan Keate, Bart._, of the +Hoo, Hertfordshire, who was living in the year 1683; also for any +particulars respecting his family? I especially desire to know what were +his relations to the religious parties of the time, as I have in my +possession the journal of a nonconformist minister, who was his domestic +chaplain from 1683 to 1688. + +G. B. B. + +Cambridge. + +_Divining-rod._--Can any of the correspondents of "N. & Q." supply +instances of the use of the divining-rod for finding water? I know several +circumstances which might incline one, in these table-turning days, to +inquire seriously whether there be any truth in the popular notion. + +G. W. SKYRING. + +_Medal and Relic of Mary Queen of Scots._--I have in my possession a medal, +the size of a crown piece, of base metal, with perhaps some admixture of +silver. On one side of this are the arms of Scotland with two thistles, and +the legend-- + + MARIA ET HENRICUS DEI GRATIA R: ET R: SCOTORUM, + +and the reverse, a yew-tree with a motto of three words, of which the last +seems to be VIRES, the date 1566, and the legend-- + + EXURGAT DEUS ET DISSIPANTUR INIMICI. + +Associated with this for a very considerable period has been a small wooden +cross, which is said to have been made from the yew-tree under which Mary +and Darnley had been accustomed to meet. + +I have been told that there is some farther tradition or superstition +connected with these relics: if there be, I shall be glad to be informed of +it, or of any other particulars concerning them. + +W. FRASER. + +Tor-Mohun. + +_Bulstrode's Portrait._--Prefixed to a copy in my possession of _Essays +upon the following Subjects: 1. Generosity, &c._, by Whitelock Bulstrode, +Esq., 8vo. Lond. 1724, there is a portrait of the author, bearing this note +in MS.: "This scarce portrait has sold for 7l." It is engraved by Cole from +a picture by Kneller, in oval with armorial bearings below, and is +subscribed "Anno Salutis 1723, aetatis 72." I am at a loss to suppose it +ever could have fetched the price assigned to my impression by its previous +owner, and should feel obliged if any of your correspondents would state +whether, from any peculiar circumstances, it may have become rare, and so +acquired an adventitious value. It does not appear to have been known to +Granger. + +While the two names are before me, I venture to inquire how the remarkable +interchange occurred between that of _Whitelock Bulstrode_ the Essayist, +and _Bulstrode Whitelock_ the Memorialist, of the parliamentary period. Was +there any family connexion? + +BALLIOLENSIS. + +_The Assembly House, Kentish Town._--Can any of your antiquarian +correspondents give me a clue as to the date, or probable date, of the +erection of this well-known roadside public-house (I beg pardon, tavern), +which is now being pulled down? I am desirous of obtaining some slight +account of the old building, having just completed an etching, from a +sketch taken as it appeared in its dismantled state. Possibly some +anecdotes may be current regarding it. I learn from a rare little tome, +entitled _Some Account of Kentish Town_, published at that place in 1821, +and written, I believe, by a Mr. Elliot, that the Assembly House was +formerly called the Black Bull. The writer of this Query asked "one of the +oldest inhabitants," who was seated on a door-step opposite the house, +_his_ opinion concerning its age: considering a little, the old gentleman +seriously said he thought it might be two or three _thousand_ years at +least! This opinion I am afraid to accept as correct, and I would therefore +seek, through the medium of "N. & Q.," some information which may be more +depended upon. + +W. B. R. + +Camden New Town. + +_Letters respecting Hougomont._--Could any reader of "N. & Q." kindly +furnish the undersigned with certain Letters, which have recently {294} +appeared in _The Times_, on "The Defence of Hougomont?" Such letters, +extracted, would be of much service to him, as they are wanted for a +specific purpose. The letters from Saturday, Sept. 10, _inclusive_, are +_already_ obtained: but the letters on the subject previous to that date +are wanting, and would greatly favour, if it were possible to have them, + +ARAN. + +Swillington. + +_Peter Lombard._--Mr. Hallam, in his _Literature of Europe_ (vol. i. p. +128.), says, on the authority of Meiners (vol. iii. p. 11.): + + "Peter Lombard, in his _Liber Sententiarum_, the systematic basis of + scholastic theology, introduces _many_ Greek words, and explains them + rightly." + +Having, however, examined this work for the purpose of ascertaining Peter +Lombard's knowledge of Greek, I must, out of regard to strict truth, deny +the statement of Meiners; for only one Greek word in Greek letters is to be +found in the _Liber Sententiarum_, and that is [Greek: metanoia]: and so +far frown Peter explaining this word rightly, he says, 'Poenitentia dicitur +a puniendo" (lib. IV. dist. xiv.); an etymological notion which caused +Luther to think wrongly of the nature of repentance, till he learnt the +meaning of the Greek word, which he received with joy as the solution of +one of his greatest difficulties in Romanism. I do not consider the +introduction of such Latinized church words as _ecclesia_, _episcopus_, +_presbyter_, or even _homoousius_, as evincing any knowledge of Greek on +the part of Peter Lombard, wherein he appears to have been lamentably +deficient, as the great teacher and authority for centuries in Christian +dogmatics. Your correspondents will greatly oblige me by showing anything +to the contrary of my charge against Peter Lombard of being ignorant of +Greek. + +T. J. BUCKTON. + +Birmingham. + +_Life of Savigny._--Is there in French or English any life or memoir of +Savigny? + +C. H. + +_Picture by Hogarth._--Some years since a gentleman purchased at Bath the +first sketch of a picture said to be by Hogarth, of "Fortune distributing +her favours." Shortly afterwards a gentleman called on the purchaser of it, +and mentioned to him that he knew the finished painting, and that it was in +the panelling of some house with which he was acquainted. + +I am desirous of finding out for the family of the purchaser, who died +recently, 1st, whether there is any history that can be attached to this +picture and 2ndly, to discover, if possible, in whose possession, and +where, the finished painting is preserved. + +J. K. R. W. + + * * * * * + + +Minor Queries with Answers. + +_Glossarial Queries._--In a Subsidy Roll of 25 Edward I., in an enumeration +of property in the parish of Skirbeck, near Boston, Lincolnshire, upon +which a _ninth_ was granted to the king, I find the following articles and +their respective value. What were they?-- + + "3 alece, 18s. + 1 bacell cum arment. 15s." + +In the taxation of _Leake_ I find-- + + "9 hocast[=r]. 6s." + +In that of _Leverton_-- + + "4 hocast[=r]. 4s." + +In _Butterwick_-- + + "1 pull. 12d." + +In _Wrangle_-- + + "1 stag[=g]. 2s." + +PISHEY THOMPSON. + +Stoke Newington. + + [It is very desirable that in all cases Querists desirous of + explanations of words, phrases, or passages, should give the context. + + 3 _Alece_, were it not for the price, one would render "herrings;" but + the price, 18s., forbids such interpretation. Perhaps _alece_ is a + misreading for _vacce_, cows; which might well occur in a carelessly + written roll temp. Edward I. + + 1 _bacell cum arme[=n]t_. is 1 _bacellus cum armamentis_, one ass (or + pack-horse) with its furniture. + + 9 _hocast[=r]_. is 9 _pigs_. "Hogaster, porcellus."--Du Cange. + + 1 _pull_. (i.e. _pullulus_), 1 colt. + + 1 _stag[=g]_., a yearling ox.] + +_Military Knights of Windsor._--I shall feel obliged to any of your +correspondents who will furnish some account, or refer me to any work in +which notices may be found of this foundation, its statutes, mode of +appointment, endowments, &c.? Up to the reign of William IV. they were +known, I believe, as Poor Knights of Windsor. + +Y. B. N. J. + + [Consult Ashmole's _History of the Order of the Garter_, pp. 99-104., + edit. 1715. Among the Birch and Sloane MSS. in the British Museum are + the following articles: No. 4845. Statutes for the Poor Knights of + Windsor, 1 Eliz. Orders and rules for the establishment and good + government of the said thirteen poor knights. The Queen's Majestie's + ordinances for the continual charges. No. 4847. Articles of complaint + exhibited by the Poor Knights (to the Knights of the Garter) against + the Dean and Canons. The Dean and Canons' answer to the Poor Knights' + second replication. The complaint of the Poor Knights to King Richard + II. A petition of the Poor Knights to the king and parliament for a + repeal of the act of incorporation, A. 22 Edw. IV. The petition of the + Poor Knights of Windsor to George II., Jan. 28, 1735. This petition was + drawn up by Mr. Fortescue, {295} afterwards Master of the Rolls. The + Poor Knights' rejoinder to their former petition. The memorial of the + Poor Knights to John Willes, Esq., Attorney-General. Another petition + to J. Willes, Esq. Copy of an indenture between Queen Elizabeth and the + Dean and Chapter of Lands, to the value of 600l. a year and upwards, + for the maintenance of the Poor Knights, 1 Eliz. Orders and rules for + the establishment and good government of the said thirteen Poor + Knights. The case of the Poor Knights (printed), with several other + papers relating to them.] + +_"Elijah's Mantle."_--Who was the author of _Elijah's Mantle_? And are +there any grounds for ascribing it to Canning? + +W. FRASER. + +Tor-Mohun. + + [This poem was attributed to Canning, as noticed by Mr. Bell, in his + _Life of George Canning_, p. 206. He says, "Mr. Canning's reputation + was again put into requisition as sponsor for certain verses that + appeared at this time in the public journals. The best of these is a + piece called _Elijah's Mantle_."] + + * * * * * + + +Replies. + +MILTON AND MALATESTI. + +(Vol. ii., p. 146.; Vol. viii., p. 237.) + +When I gave some account of _La Tina_ of Antonio Malatesti, and its +dedication to Milton, two years since, I was not aware that it had been +printed, as I had no other edition of Gamba's _Serie dell' Edizioni de' +Testi di Lingua_, than the first printed in 1812. That account was derived +from the original MS. which formerly passed through my hands. I fear that +my friend MR. BOLTON CORNEY will be disappointed if he should meet with a +copy of the printed book, for the MS. contained no other dedication than +the inscription on the title-page, of which I made a tracing. It represents +an inscribed stone tablet, in the following arrangement: + + "LA + Tina Equiuoci Rusticali + di Antonio Malatesti c[=o]- + posti nella sua Villa di + Taiano il Settembre dell' + L'Anno, 1637. + + Sonetti Ciquanta + Dedicati all' Ill^{mo} Signore + Et Padrone Oss^{mo} Il Signor' + Giouanni Milton Nobil' + Inghilese." + +I copied at the time eight of these equivocal sonnets, and in my former +notice gave one as a specimen. They are certainly very ingenious, and may +be "graziosissimi" to an Italian ear and imagination; but I cannot think +that the pure mind of Milton would take much delight in obscene allusions, +however neatly wrapped up. + +Milton seems to have dwelt with pleasure on his intercourse with these +witty, ingenious, and learned men, during his two-months' sojourn at +Florence; and it is remarkable that Nicolas Heinsius has spoken of the same +men, in much the same terms, in his dedication to Carlo Dati of the second +book of his _Italici Componimenti_: + + "Sanctum mehercules habebo semper Jo. Bapt. Donij memoriam, non tam suo + nomine (et si hoc quoque) aut quod Frescobaldos, Cavalcantes, Gaddios, + Cultellinos, alios urbis vestrae viros precipuos mihi conciliarit, + quorum amicitiam feci hactenus, et faciam porro maximi, quam quod tibi + me conjunxerit, mi Date; cujus opera in notitiam, ac familiaritatem + plurimorum apud vos hominum eximiorum mox irreperem." + +And, after mentioning others, he adds: + + "Quid de Valerio Chimentellio, homine omni literatura perpolita, dicam? + Quid de Joanne Pricaeo? qui ingens civitati vestrae ornamentum ex ultima + nuper accessit Britannia." + +One feels some decree of disappointment at not meeting here with the name +of Milton. + +Of the distinguished men mentioned by Milton, some interesting notices +occur in that curious little volume, the _Bibliotheca Aprosiana_. Benedetto +Buommattei and Carlo Dati are well known from their important labours; and +of the others there are scattered notices in _Rilli Notizie degli Uomini +Illustre Fiorentine_, and in _Salvini Fasti Consolari dell' Accademia +Fiorentina_. I have an interesting little volume of Latin verses by Jacopo +Gaddi, with the following title _Poetica Jacobi Gaddii Corona e Selectis +Poematiis, Notis Allegoriis contexta_, Bononiae, 1637, 4to. + +There is a good deal of ingenious and pleasing burlesque poetry extant by +Antonio Malatesti. I have before mentioned his _Sphinx_: of this I have a +dateless edition, apparently printed about the middle of the last century +at Florence: the title is _La Sfinge Enimmi del Signor Antonio Malatesti_. +Commendatory verses are prefixed by Chimentelli, Coltellini, and Galileo +Galilei. The last, from the celebrity of the writer, may deserve the small +space it will occupy in your pages. It is itself an enigma: + + "DEL SIGNOR GALILEO GALILEI + SONETTO. + Mostro son' io piu strano, e piu difforme, + Che l'Arpia, la Sirena, o la Chimera; + Ne in terra, in aria, in acqua e alcuna fiera, + Ch' abbia di membra cosi varie forme. + Parte a parte non ho che sia conforme, + Piu che s' una sia bianca, e l' altra nera; + Spesso di Cacciator dietro ho una schiera, + Che de' miei pie van ritracciando l' orme. + Nelle tenebre oscure e il mio soggiorno; + Che se dall' ombre al chiaro lume passo, + Tosto l' alma da me sen fugge, come + Sen fugge il sogno all' apparir del giorno, + E le mie membra disunito lasso, + E l' esser perdo con la vita, e l nome." + +{296} + +Three more sonnets by this illustrious man are printed by Salvini in his +_Fasti_, of which he says: + + "I quali esendo parto di si gran mente, mi concedera la gloria il + benigno lettore, che io, ad honore della Toscana Poesia, gli esponga il + primo alla publica luce." + +Dr. Fellowes was not singular in confounding Dati and Deodati; it has been +done by Fenton and others: but that Dr. Symmons, in his _Life of Milton_ +(p. 133.), should transform _La Tina_ into a _wine-press_, is ludicrously +amusing. _La Tina_ is the rustic mistress to whom the sonnets are supposed +to be addressed; and every one knows that _rusticale_ and _contadinesca_ is +that naive and pleasing rustic style in which the Florentine poets +delighted, from the expressive nature of the patois of the Tuscan +peasantry; and it might have been said of Malatesti's sonnets, as of +another rustic poet: + + "Ipsa Venus laetos jam nunc migravit in agros + Verbaque Aratoris Rustica discit Amor." + +I may just remark that the _Clementillo_ of Milton should not be rendered +_Clementini_, but _Chimentelli_. As Rolli tells us,-- + + "Clementillus fu quel Dottore _Valerio Chimentelli_ di cui leggesi una + vaghissima Cicalata nel sesto volume delle Prose Fiorentine." + +S. W. SINGER. + +Mickleham. + + * * * * * + +ATTAINMENT OF MAJORITY. + +(Vol. viii., pp. 198. 250.) + +I greatly regret that there should be anything in the matter or manner of +my Query on this subject to induce MR. DE MORGAN to reply to it more as if +repelling an offence, than assisting in the investigation of an interesting +question on a subject with which he is supposed to be especially +conversant. I can assure him that I had no other object in writing _ninth_ +numerically instead of literally, or in omitting the words he has restored +in brackets, or in italicising two words to which I wished my question more +particularly to refer, than that of economising space and avoiding needless +repetition; and in the use of the word "usage" rather than "law," of which +he also complains, I was perhaps unduly influenced by the title of his own +treatise, from which I was quoting. But however I may have erred from exact +quotation, it is manifest I did not misunderstand the sense of the passage, +since MR. DE MORGAN now repeats its substance in these words,-- + + "I cannot make out that the law ever recognised a day of twenty-four + hours, beginning at any hour except midnight." + +This is clearly at direct issue with Ben Jonson, whose introduced phrases, +"pleaded nonage," "wardship," "pupillage," &c., seem to smack too much of +legal technology to countenance the supposition of poetic license. + +But had I not accidentally met with an interesting confirmation of Ben +Jonson's law of usage, or usage of law, I should not have put forth my +Query at all, nor presumed to address it to PROFESSOR DE MORGAN; my +principal reason for so doing being that the interest attaching to +discovered evidence of a forgotten usage in legal reckoning, must of course +be increased tenfold if it should appear to have been unknown to a +gentleman of such deep and acknowledged research into that and kindred +subjects. + +In a black-letter octavo entitled _A Concordancie of Yeares_, published in +and for the year 1615, and therefore about the very time when Ben Jonson +was writing, I find the following in chap. xiii.: + + "The day is of two sorts, natural and artificiall: the natural day is + the space of 24 hours, in which time the sunne is carried by the first + Mover, from the east into the west, and so round about the world into + the east againe." + + "The artificiall day continues from sunne-rising to sunne-setting: and + the artificiall night is from the sunne's setting to his rising. And + you must note that this natural day, according to divers, hath divers + beginnings: As the Romanes count it from mid-night to mid-night, + because at that time our Lorde was borne, being Sunday; and so do we + account it for fasting dayes. The Arabians begin their day at noone, + and end at noone the next day; for because they say the sunne was made + in the meridian; and so do all astronomers account the day, because it + alwayes falleth at one certaine time. The Umbrians, the Tuscans, the + Jewes, the Athenians, Italians, and Egyptians, do begin their day at + sunne-set, and so do we celebrate festivall dayes. The Babylonians, + Persians, and Bohemians begin their day at sunne-rising, holding till + sunne-setting; _and so do our lawyers count it in England_." + +Here, at least, there can be no supposition of dramatic fiction; the book +from which I have made this extract was written by Arthur Hopton, a +distinguished mathematician, a scholar of Oxford, a student in the Temple; +and the volume itself is dedicated to "The Right Honourable Sir Edward +Coke, Knight, Lord Chiefe Justice of England," &c. + +A. E. B. + +Leeds, Sept. 10. + + * * * * * + +JOHN FREWEN. + +(Vol. viii., p. 222.) + +He is supposed to have been the son of Richard Frewen, of Earl's Court in +Worcestershire, and was born either at that place or in its immediate +vicinity in the early part of the year 1558. Richard Frewen purchased the +presentation to Northiam rectory, in Sussex, of Viscount Montague, and +presented John Frewen to it in Nov. 1583; and {297} he continued to hold +that living till his death, which took place at the end of April, 1628. He +was buried in the chancel of his own church, May 2nd; and a plain stone on +the floor, with an inscription, marks the place of his interment. He was a +learned and pious Puritan divine, and wrote: + + 1. "Certaine Fruitfull Instructions and necessary Doctrine meete to + edify in the feare of God." 1587, 18mo. + + 2. "Certaine Fruitfull Instructions for the generall Cause of + Reformation against the Slanders of the Pope and League, &c." 1589, + small 4to. + +3. He edited and wrote the preface to-- + + "A Courteous Conference with the English Catholickes Romane, about the + Six Articles administered unto the Seminarie Priestes, wherein it is + apparently proved by theire own divinitie, and the principles of their + owne religion, that the Pope cannot depose her Majestie, or release her + subjects of their alleageance unto her, &c.; written by John Bishop, a + recusant Papist." 1598. Small 4to. + + 4. "Certaine Sermons on the 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 verses of the + Eleventh chapter of S. Paule his Epistle to the Romanes." 1612, 12mo. + + 5. "Certaine choise Grounds and Principles of our Christian Religion." + 1621, 12mo. + +6. A large unpublished work in MS. entitled "Grounds and Principles of +Christian Religion," left unfinished (probably age and infirmity prevented +him from completing it): it consisted of seven books, of which two only +(the fourth and fifth, of 95 and 98 folio pages respectively) have been +preserved. + +John Frewen had three wives, and by each of the first two several children, +of whom the following lived to grow up, viz. by Eleanor his first wife, +(1.) Accepted Frewen, Archbp. of York; (2.) Thankful F., Purse Bearer and +Secretary of Petitions to Lord Keeper Coventry; (3.) John F., Rector of +Northiam; (4.) Stephen F., Alderman of the Vintry Ward, London; (5.) Mary, +wife of John Bigg of Newcastle-upon-Tyne; (6.) Joseph F. By his second +wife, Helen, daughter of ---- Hunt, J. F. had (7.) Benjamin, Citizen of +London; (8.) Thomas F.; (9.) Samuel, Joseph, Thomas, and Samuel joined +Cromwell's army for invading Ireland; and one of them (Captain Frewen) fell +at the storming of Kilkenny; another of them died at Limerick of the +plague, which carried off General Freton; the other (Thomas) founded a +family at Castle Connel, near Limerick. + +John Frewen's _Sermons_ in 1612 are in some respects rare; but the +following copies are extant, viz. one in the Bodleian at Oxford; one in the +University Library at Cambridge; one in possession of Mr. Frewen at +Brickwall, Northiam; and one sold by Kerslake of Bristol, for 7s. 6d., to +the Rev. John Frewen Moor, of Bradfield, Berks. + +If R. C. WARDE, of Kidderminster, has a copy which he would dispose of, he +may communicate with T. F., Post-office, Northiam, who would be glad to +purchase it. + +J. F. + + * * * * * + +"VOIDING KNIFE," "VOIDER," AND "ALMS-BASKET." + +(Vol. vi., pp. 150. 280.; Vol. viii., p. 232.) + +In later times (the sixteenth century) the good old custom of placing an +_alms-dish_ on the table was discontinued, and with less charitable +intentions came the less refined custom of removing the broken victuals +after a meal by means of a _voiding-knife_ and _voider_: the latter was a +basket into which were swept by a large wand, usually of wood, or +_voiding-knife_, as it was termed, all the bones and scraps left upon the +trenchers or scattered about the table. Thus, in the old plays, _Lingua_, +Act V. Sc. 13.: "Enter Gustus with a _voiding-knife_;" and in _A Woman +killed with Kindness_, "Enter three or four serving men, one with a +_voider_ and _wooden knife_ to take away." + +The voider was still sometimes called the _alms-basket_, and had its +charitable uses in great and rich men's houses: one of which was to supply +those confined in gaols for debt, and such prisoners as had no means to +purchase any food. + +In Green's _Tu Quoque_, a spendthrift is cast into prison; the jailer says +to him: + + "If you have no money, you had best remove into some cheaper ward; to + the twopenny ward, it is likeliest to hold out with your means; or, if + you will, you may go into the _hole_, and there you may feed for + nothing." + +To which he replies: + + "Ay, out of the _alms-basket_, where charity appears in likeness of a + piece of stinking fish." + +Even this poor allowance to the distressed prisoners passed through several +ordeals before it came to them; and the best and most wholesome portions +were filched from the _alms-basket_, and sold by the jailers at a low price +to people out of the prison. In the same play it is related of a miser, +that-- + + "He never saw a joint of mutton in his own house these four-and-twenty + years, but always cozened the poor prisoners, for he brought his + victuals out of the _alms-basket_." + +In the ordinances of Charles II. (_Ord. and Reg. Soc. Ant._ 367.), it is +commanded-- + + "That no gentleman whatsoever shall send away my meat or wine from the + table, or out of the chamber, upon any pretence whatsoever; and that + the gentlemen-ushers take particular care herein, that all the meate + that is taken off the table upon trencher-plates be put into a basket + for the poore, and not undecently eaten by any servant in the roome; + and if any person shall presume to do otherwise, he shall be prohibited + {298} immediately to remaine in the chamber, or to come there again, + until further order." + +The _alms-basket_ was also called a _maund_, and those who partook of its +contents _maunders_. + +W. CHAFFERS. + +Old Bond Street. + + * * * * * + +THE LETTER "H" IN HUMBLE. + +(Vol. viii., p. 229.) + +The recent attempt to introduce a mispronunciation of the word _humble_ +should be resisted by every one who has learned the plain and simple rule +of grammar, that "_a_ becomes _an_ before a vowel or a silent _h_." That +the rule obtained a considerable time ago, we have only to look into the +Book of Common Prayer to prove, where the congregation are exhorted to come +"with an humble, lowly, penitent, and obedient heart," and I believe it +will be admitted that the compilers of that work fully understood the right +pronunciation. + +It may assist to settle the question by giving the etymology of the word +_humble_. It is derived from the Celtic _uim_, the ground, Latin _humus_. +_Umal_ in Celtic is humble, lowly, obedient; and the word signifies the +bending of the mind or disposition, just as a man would kneel or become +prostrate before a superior. + +FRAS. CROSSLEY. + +In the course of a somewhat long life I have resided in the North of +England, in the West, and in London, upwards of twenty years each, and my +experience is directly the reverse of that of MR. DAWSON. I have very +rarely heard the _h_ omitted in _humble_, and when I have heard it, always +considered a vulgarity. The _u_ at the beginning of a word is always +aspirated. I believe the only words in which the initial _h_ is not +pronounced are derived from the Latin. If that were the general rule, +which, however, it is not, as in _habit_, _herb_, &c., still, where _h_ +precedes _u_, it would be pronounced according to the universal rule for +the aspiration of _u_. + +E. H. + +_The letter "h" to be passed unsounded in those words which are of Latin +origin._--Try it: + + "Ha! 'tis a horrible hallucination + To grudge our hymns their halcyon harmonies, + When in just homage our rapt voices rise + To celebrate our heroes in meet fashion; + Whose hosts each heritage and habitation, + Within these realms of hospitable joy, + Protect securely 'gainst humiliation, + When hostile foes, like harpies, would annoy. + Habituated to the sound of _h_ + In history and histrionic art, + We deem the man a homicide of speech, + Maiming humanity in a vital part, + Whose humorous hilarity would treat us, + In lieu of _h_, with a supposed hiatus." + +* *. + + * * * * * + +SCHOOL LIBRARIES. + +(Vol. viii., p. 220.) + +I have great pleasure in removing from the mind of your correspondent an +erroneous impression which must materially affect his good opinion of a +school to which I am sincerely attached. He asks if in any of the public +schools there are libraries of books giving general information accessible +to the scholars. Now my information only refers to one, that of Eton. There +is a library at Eton consisting of some thousand volumes, filled with books +of all kinds, ancient and modern, valuable and valueless. It is open to the +150 first in the school on payment of eighteen shillings per annum, and on +their refusal the option of becoming subscribers descends to the next in +gradation. The list, however, is never full. The money collected goes to +the support of a librarian, and to buy pens, ink, and paper, and the +surplus (necessarily small) to the purchase of books. The basis of the +library is the set of Delphin classics, presented by George I. The late +head master (now provost) has been a most munificent contributor; Prince +Albert has also presented several valuable volumes. Whenever the Prince has +come to Eton he has always visited the library, and taken great interest in +its welfare; and on his last visit said to the provost that he should be +quite ready and willing to obey the call whenever he was asked to lay the +first stone of a museum in connexion with the library. + +ETONENSIS. + +The free grammar school at Macclesfield, Cheshire, has always had a +library. It _did_ contain some rare volumes of the olden time; it was at +various times more or less supported by a small payment from the scholars. +Some years since Mr. Osborn, the then head master, solicited subscriptions +from former pupils, and with some success. Of the present state of the +school library I know nothing. + +EDWARD HAWKINS. + +At Winchester there are libraries for the commoners and scholars containing +books for general reading: they are under the several charge of the +commoner-prefects and the prefect of library, who lend them on application +to the juniors. + +MACKENZIE WALCOTT, M.A. + +Christ's Hospital has a library such as inquired after by MR. WELD TAYLOR. +The late Mr. Thackeray, of the Priory, Lewisham (who died about two years +ago), bequeathed to this school his valuable library of books on general +literature for the use of the boys. Previously to this bequest the +collection of books was small. + +N. + + * * * * * + +{299} + +DR. JOHN TAYLOR. + +(Vol. i., p. 466.) + +My attention has been caught by some remarks in the early volumes of your +work upon my learned ancestor Dr. John Taylor, minister at Norwich, and +subsequently divinity tutor at Warrington. Whatever opinion may have been +attributed to Dr. Parr concerning Dr. Taylor, this I know, that on +revisiting Norwich he desired my father (the Dr.'s grandson) to show him +the house inhabited by him while he was the minister of the Octagon Chapel. + +Dr. Parr looked serious and solemn, and in his usual energetic manner +pronounced, "He was a _great_ scholar." + +Dr. John Taylor was buried at Kirkstead[4], Lancashire, where his tomb is +distinguished by the following simple inscription: + + "Near to this place lies interr'd + what was mortal of + IOHN TAYLOR, D.D. + + Reader, + Expect no eulogium from this Stone. + Enquire amongst the friends of + LEARNING, LIBERTY, AND TRUTH; + These will do him justice. + Whilst taking his natural rest, he fell + asleep in JESUS, the 5th of March, 1761, + Aged 66." + +The following inscription, in Latin, was composed by Dr. Parr for a +monumental stone erected by grandchildren and great-grandchildren in the +Octagon Chapel, Norwich: + + "Joanni Taylor, S.T.P. + Langovici nato + Albi ostii in agro Cumbriensi + bonis disciplinis instituto + Norvici + Ad exequendum munus pastoris delecto A.D. 1733. + Rigoduni quo in oppido + Senex quotidie aliquid addiscens + Theologiam et philosophiam moralem docuit + Mortuo + Tert. non. Mart. + Anno Domini MDCCLXI. + AEtat. LXVI. + Viro integro innocenti pio + Scriptori Graecis et Hebraicis litteris + probe erudito + Verbi divini gravissimo interpreti + Religionis simplicis et incorruptae + Acerrimo propugnatori + Nepotes ejus et pronepotes + In hac Capella + Cujus ille fundamenta olim jecerat + Monumentum hocce honorarium + Poni curaverunt." + +S. R. + +[Footnote 4: His first appointment, as minister of the Gospel, was at +Kirkstead Chapel.] + + * * * * * + +PORTRAIT OF SIR ANTHONY WINGFIELD. + +(Vol. viii., p. 245.) + +It is most likely that Q., who inquired relative to a picture of Sir +Anthony Wingfield, may occasionally meet with an engraving of this worthy, +though the depository of the original portrait is unknown. The tale told +Horace Walpole by the housekeeper at the house of the Nauntons at +Letheringham, Suffolk, is not correct. Sir Anthony was a favourite of the +monarch, and was knighted by him for his brave conduct at Terouenne and +Tournay. A private plate of Sir Anthony exists, the original portrait from +which it was taken being at Letheringham at the time the engraving was +made. The position of the hand in the girdle only indicates the fashion of +portraiture at the time, and is akin to the frequent custom of placing one +arm a-kimbo in modern paintings. + +The Query of your correspondent opens a tale of despoliation perhaps +unparalleled even in the days of iconoclastic fury, and but very +imperfectly known. + +The estate of Letheringham devolved, about the middle of the last century, +upon William Leman, Esq., who, being obliged to maintain his right against +claimants stating they descended from a branch of the Naunton family who +had migrated into Normandy at the end of the preceding century, was placed +in a position of considerable difficulty to defend his occupation of the +house and lands. I will not say by whom, but in 1770 down came the +residence in which the author of the well-known _Fragmenta Regalia_ had +resided, and, what is far worse, the Priory Church, which, after the +Dissolution, was made parochial, and which was filled with tombs, effigies, +and brasses to members of the family--Bovilles, Wingfields, and +Nauntons--was also levelled with the ground. It was stated at the time that +the sacred edifice had only become dilapidated from age, and that the +parishioners were therefore obliged to do something. What _was done_, +however, was no re-edification of the fabric, but its entire destruction, +and the erection of a new church. Fortunately, Horace Walpole saw the +edifice before the contractor for the new building had cast his "desiring +eyes" upon it, and has recorded his impressions in one of his letters. More +fortunate still, the late Mr. Gough and Mr. Nichols visited it, and the +former employed the well-known topographical draughtsman, the late James +Johnson of Woodbridge, Suffolk, to copy some of the effigies, which were +afterwards engraved and inserted in the second volume of the _Sepulchral +Monuments_. The zeal of Johnson, however, led him to preserve, by his +minute delineation, not only _every_ monument (only two, I think, are given +by Gough), but also the interior and exterior of the church, with the {300} +position of the tombs. The interior view may be seen among Craven Ord's +drawings in the library of the British Museum; and I am happy to say I +possess Johnson's original sketches of all the monuments, and of the +exterior of the building. A fair idea of the extent of the destruction may +be gained by the mention of the fact, that six hundred-weight of alabaster +effigies were beaten into powder, and sold to line water-cisterns. Some of +the figures were rescued by the late Dr. W. Clubbe, and erected into a +pyramid in his garden at Brandeston Vicarage, with this inscription: + + "_Fuimus._ Indignant Reader, these monumental remains are not (as thou + mayest suppose) the ruins of Time, but were destroyed in an irruption + of the Goths so late in the Christian era as the year 1789. _Credite + posteri._" + +JOHN WODDERSPOON. + +Norwich. + +William Naunton, son and heir of Thomas Naunton (temp. Hen. VII.), and +Margery, daughter and heiress of Richard Busiarde, married Elizabeth, +daughter of Sir Anthony Wingfield. Their only child, Henry Naunton, was the +father of two sons, viz. Robert the _secretary_ (temp. James I.), whose son +died unmarried, and daughter, married to Paul Viscount Bayning, died +without issue; and William Naunton (fil. 2^s). His son and heir, who +married a Coke, had one daughter, Theophila, married to William Leman +(ancestor of the family whose great estates are in search of an owner): +their only issue, Theophila, married Thomas Rede, who thereby became +possessed of Letheringham in Suffolk, and the whole of the Naunton +property. His estates went to his son Robert, who, dying without issue in +1822, left them much diminished to his nephew, the Rev. Robert Rede Cooper, +second son of the Rev. Samuel Lovick Cooper and Sarah Leman, youngest +daughter, and eventually heiress, of the above Thomas Rede. The Rev. Robert +Rede Rede (for he assumed that name) died a few years ago possessed of +Ashmans Park, Suff., which was independent of the Naunton property, and of +certain heir-looms, the sole remains of the great estates of the "Nauntons +of Letheringham," which continue in the possession of the descendants of +that family. It is at _Ashmans_ that the portrait inquired for by your +correspondent Q. will probably be found. Whether that estate has already +been sold by the daughters of the late possessor (four co-heiresses) I am +unable to say. + +H. C. K. + + * * * * * + +BARNACLES. + +(Vol. viii., p. 223.) + +In reference to the article on the barnacle bird in "N. & Q." as above, I +send you a paper which I lately put in our local journal (_The Tralee +Chronicle_), containing a collection of notices of the curious errors and +_gradual_ correction of them, on the subject of the barnacle. I fear it may +be long for your columns, but don't know how to shorten it; nor can I well +omit another amusing notice of the subject, to which, since I published it, +an intelligent friend called my attention; it is from the _Memoirs of Lady +Fanshaw_:-- + + "When we came to Calais, we met the Earl of Strafford and Sir Kenelm + Digby, with some others of our countrymen; we were all feasted at the + Governor's of the castle, and much excellent discourse passed; but, as + was reason, most share was Sir Kenelm Digby's, who had enlarged + somewhat more in extraordinary stories than might be averred, and all + of them passed with great applause and wonder of the French then at + table; but the concluding one was--that barnacles, a bird in Jersey, + was first a shell-fish to appearance, and from that sticking upon old + wood, became in time a bird. After some consideration, they unanimously + burst out into laughter, believing it altogether false, and, to say the + truth, it was the only thing true he had discoursed with them!--that + was his infirmity, tho' otherwise a person of most excellent parts, and + a very free bred gentleman."--Lady Fanshaw's _Memoirs_, pp. 72-3. + +A. B. R. + +Belmont. + +As a tail-piece to the curious information communicated respecting these +strange creatures in Vol. i., pp. 117. 169. 254. 340., Vol. viii., pp. 124. +223., may be added an advertisement, extracted from the monthly compendium +annexed to _La Belle Assemblee_, or Bell's _Court and Fashionable +Magazine_, for June, 1807, in the following terms: + + "Wonderful natural curiosity, called the Goose Tree, Barnacle Tree, or + Tree bearing Geese, taken up at sea, on the 12th of January, 1807, by + Captain Bytheway, and was more than twenty men could raise out of the + water, which may be seen at the Exhibition Rooms, Spring Gardens, from + ten o'clock in the morning till ten at night, every day. Admission, one + shilling; children half-price. + + "The Barnacles which form the present Exhibition, possess a neck + upwards of two feet in length, resembling the windpipe of a chicken; + each shell contains five pieces, and notwithstanding the many thousands + which hang to eight inches of the tree, part of the fowl may be seen + from each shell. Sir Robert Moxay, in the Wonders of Nature and Art, + speaking of this singularly curious production, says, in every shell he + opened he found a perfect sea-fowl, with a bill like that of a goose, + feet like those of water-fowl, and the feathers all plainly formed. + + "The above wonderful and almost indescribable curiosity, is the only + exhibition of the kind in the world." + +[mu]. + + * * * * * + +{301} + +PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE. + +_Precision in Photographic Processes._--I have for a long period observed, +and been much annoyed at the circumstance, that many of your photographic +correspondents are very remiss when they favour you with recipes for +certain processes, in not stating the specific gravity of the articles +used; also, in giving the quantities, in not stating if it is by weight or +measure. + +To illustrate my meaning more fully, I will refer to Vol. viii., p. 252., +where a correspondent, in his albumen process, adds "chloride of barium, 7-1/4 +dr." Now, as this article is prepared and sold both in crystals and in a +liquid state, it would be desirable to know which of the two is meant +before his disciples run the risk of spoiling their paper and losing their +time. + +How easy would it be to prefix the letter _f_ where fluid oz., dr., or +other quantity is meant. + +Trusting that this hint may in future induce your correspondents to be as +explicit as possible on all points, believe me to be an + +AMATEUR PHOTOGRAPHER. + +_Tent for Collodion._--As I have frequently benefited from the hints of +your correspondents, I in my turn hasten to communicate a very simple plan +I have contrived for a portable tent for the collodion process, in the hope +it may be found to answer with others as well as it has done with me: it is +as follows. + +Round the legs of my camera stand (a tripod one) I have made a covering for +two of the sides, of a double lining of glazed yellow calico, with a few +loops at the foot to stake to the ground; the third side is made of thick +dark cloth, much wider and larger than to cover the side, which is fastened +at one leg of the stand to the calico. The other side is provided with +loops to fasten to corresponding buttons on the other leg, and by bending +on my knees I can easily pull the dark cloth over my head and back, fasten +the loops to the buttons, and then I can perfectly perform any manipulation +required, without the risk of any ray of white light entering; and +certainly nothing can be more _portable_. + +The simplicity of the thing makes any farther description of it +unnecessary, to say nothing of your valuable space. + +JAN. + +_Mr. Sisson's Developing Solution._--The REV. MR. SISSON, in a letter I +received from him a few days ago, stated that he had been trying, at the +recommendation of a gentleman who had written to him upon the subject, a +stronger developing solution than that the formula for which he published +some time back in your pages, and that it gave splendid positive pictures +with very short exposure in the camera. + +Since I received his letter I have been able to corroborate his testimony +in favour of the stronger solution, and have much pleasure in sending you +the formula for the benefit of your readers. It is this: 1-1/2 drachms of +protosulphate of iron in five ounces of water, 1 drachm of nitrate of lead, +letting it settle for some hours; pour off the clear liquid, and then add +to it 2 drachms of acetic acid. + +J. LEACHMAN. + +20. Compton Terrace, Islington. + +_Mr. Stewart's Pantograph._--Will some of your photographic readers, who +may know the proper size of MR. STEWART'S pantograph, give a detailed +description of it? We should have focal length of lens, size of box, and +the length of the sliding, parts of it. Cannot the lens be made fast in the +middle of the box, provided the frames can be adjusted for different-sized +pictures? + +R. ELLIOTT. + + * * * * * + + +Replies to Minor Queries. + +_George Browne of Shefford_ (Vol. viii., p. 243.).--I observe that in your +interesting publication you have inserted the Query which I sent you long +since. A somewhat similar Query of mine has already appeared, and been +answered by your correspondents H. C. C. and T. HUGHES; the latter stating +that my particulars are not strictly correct, inasmuch as the individual +styled by me as "Sir George Browne, _Bart._," was in reality simple "George +Browne, _Esq._" I admit this error; but if I was wrong, MR. HUGHES was so +too, for George Browne's wife was Eleanor, and _not_ Elizabeth, Blount, as +appears by his affidavit in the State Paper Office, wherein he deposes that +he "had by _Ellinor_, his late wife, deceased daughter of Sir Richard +Blount, eight sons, namely, George, Richard, Anthony, John, William, Henry, +Francis, and Robert, and seven daughters." + +The sons are thus disposed of: + +1. George, created K. B. at the coronation of Charles II.; married +Elizabeth Englefield; had issue two daughters; died 1678. + +2. Richard, a captain in the king's army, 1649, and was dead in 1650. + +3. Anthony, who was "preferred to the trade of a M_a_rchant," 1650. + +4. John, a page to Prince Thomas, uncle to the Duke of Savoy; created Bart. +1665; married Mrs. Bradley; had issue. + +5. William, had a "reversion of a copyhold in Shefford." + +6. Henry, died unmarried, 1668; buried at Shefford. + +7. Francis, nine years old in 1651; and + +8. Robert, four years old in 1651. + +In that year (1651) Henry, Francis, and Robert were living with their +guardian, Mr. {302} Libb, of Hardwick, Oxon; and soon afterwards we find +them placed under the care of a clergyman at Appleshaw. But here we seem to +lose sight of them altogether. + +MR. HUGHES says that the only sons who married were George, the heir, and +John, the younger brother; but we have no evidence of this; and as it is +probable that some of the others, namely, Richard, Anthony, William, +Francis, and Robert, married, I wish to procure proof either that they did +or did not. If any of these married, I wish to know which of them, to whom, +and when and where. + +Perhaps some of your correspondents can tell me where Richard, Anthony, and +William resided, and what became of Francis and Robert after they had left +their tutor, the minister of Appleshaw. + +NEWBURIENSIS. + +_Wheale_ (Vol. vi., p. 579.; Vol. vii., p. 96.).--Since this word is once +more brought forward in "N. & Q." (Vol. viii., p. 208.), I will answer the +Query respecting it. I was prepared to do so shortly after it first +appeared, but I had reason to expect a reply from one more conversant with +such archaisms. If the Querist, or either respondent, had examined the +context, he could not have failed to discover a clue to the meaning, as the +words "gall of dragons" instead of "wine," and "wheale" instead of "milk," +are evidently translations of sound expressions in the preface of Pope +Sixtus (or Xystus) V., to his edition of the Vulgate. The words there are +"fel draconum pro vino, pro lacte sanies obtruderetur." Wheale more +commonly signified, in later times, a pustule or boil; but it is from the +Ang.-Sax. _hwele_, putrefaction. The bad taste of such language is too +manifest to require farther comment. + +If I were disposed to conclude with a Query, I might ask where Q. found +that _wheale_ ever meant _whey_? + +W. S. W. + +Middle Temple. + +_Sir Arthur Aston_ (Vol. viii., p. 126.).--He was appointed Governor of +Reading, November 29, 1642; that his relative, Geo. Tattershall, Esq., was +of Stapleford, Wilts, and only purchased the estate, West Court in +Finchampstead, which went, on the marriage of his daughter, to the Hon. +Chas. Howard, fourth son of the Earl of Arundel, and was sold by him. + +A READER. + +_"A Mockery," &c._ (Vol. viii., p. 244).--Thomas Lord Denman is the author +of the phrase in question. That noble lord, in giving his judgment in the +case of O'Connell and others against the Queen, in the House of Lords, +September 4, 1844, thus alluded to the judgment of the Court of Queen's +Bench in Ireland, overruling the challenge by the traversers to the array, +on account of the fraudulent omission of fifty-nine names from the list of +jurors of the county of the city of Dublin: + + "If it is possible that such a practice as that which has taken place + in the present instance should be allowed to pass without a remedy (and + no other remedy has been suggested), trial by jury itself, instead of + being a security to persons who are accused, will be _a delusion, a + mockery, and a snare_." + +See Clark and Finnelly's _Reports of Cases in the House of Lords_, vol. xi. +p. 351. + +C. H. COOPER. + +Cambridge. + +_Norman of Winster_ (Vol. viii., p. 126).--I do not know if W. is aware +that there was a family of Norman who was possessed of a share of the manor +of Beeley, in the parish of Ashford, Derbyshire, which came from the +Savilles, the said manor having been purchased by Wm. Saville, Esq., 1687. + +A READER. + +_Arms of the See of York_ (Vol. viii., pp. 34. 111. 233.).--Thoroton has a +curious note on this subject in his _History of Nottinghamshire_ (South +Muskham, in the east window of the chancel), from which it would appear +that neither Thoroton himself, nor his after-editor Thoresby, could be +aware of the change that had taken place. The note, however, may help to +complete the _catena_ of those incumbents of the see of York who (prior to +Cardinal Wolsey) bore the same arms as the see of Canterbury: + + "There are the arms of the see of _Canterbury_, impaling _Arg. three + boars' heads erased and erected sable_, Booth, I doubt mistaken for the + arms of _York_, as they are with Archbishop Lee's again in the same + window; and in the hall window at _Newstede_ the see of _Canterbury_ + impales _Savage_, who was Archbishop of _York_ also, but not of + _Canterbury_ that I know of."--Vol. iii. p. 152., ed. Notts, 1796. + +Can any of your antiquarian contributors say why the sees of Canterbury and +York bore originally the same arms? Had it any relation to the struggle for +precedence carried on for so many years between the two sees? + +J. SANSOM. + +Mr. Waller, in his volume on _Monumental Brasses_, in describing that of +William de Grenfeld, Archbishop of York, says: + + "The arms of the two archiepiscopal sees were formerly the same, and + continued to be so till the Reformation, when the pall surmounting a + crozier was retained by Canterbury, and the cross keys and tiara + (emblematic of St. Peter, to whom the minster is dedicated), which + until then had been used only for the church of York, were adopted as + the armorial bearings of the see." + +To the word "tiara" he appends a note: + + "Or rather at this period a regal crown, the tiara having been + superseded in the reign of Henry VIII." + +{303} + +He gives no authority for the statement, but the note appears +contradictory, and implies two changes in the first to the cross-keys and +tiara, which may corroborate the notion of its having been adopted by +Cardinal Wolsey; secondly, the substitution of the crown for the tiara. Can +this be proved? + +F. H. + +_Roger Wilbraham, Esq.'s, Cheshire Collection_ (Vol. viii., p. 270.).--It +is probable these MSS. are still at the family seat of the Wilbrahams, +Delamere Lodge, Northwitch. When Ormerod published his _History of +Cheshire_, in 1819, they were in the custody of the family. He says (vol. +iii. p. 232.): + + "In the possession of the family is a curious series of journals + commenced by Richard Wilbraham of Nantwich, who died in 1612, and + continued regularly to the time of his great-great-grandson, who died + in 1732. As a genealogical document, such a memorial is invaluable; and + it contains many curious incidental notices of passing events, and of + minute particulars relating to the town of Nantwich, of whose rights + the Wilbrahams of Townsend were the never-failing and active + guardians." + +J. YEOWELL. + +_Pierrepont_ (Vol. vii., p. 606.).--A descendant thanks C. J. The +information wanted is parentage and descent of John Pierrepont of Wadworth, +who in a family mem. by his great-great-granddaughter is called "Uncle to +Evelyn, Earl of P." Any information respecting John Pierrepont or his +descendants through Margaret Stevens will much oblige. + +A. F. B. + +Diss. + +_Passage in Bacon_ (Vol. viii., p. 141.).--In the Notes on Bacon's Essay +II. "On Death," there appears the following: + + "In the passage of Juvenal, the words are 'Qui spatium vitae,' and not + 'Qui finem vitae,' as quoted by Lord Bacon. Length of days is meant." + +His lordship's memory and _ear_ too certainly misled him with respect to +the _wording_, but he has correctly given us the _sense_. Juvenal has been +arguing (l. iv. Sat. x.) on the vanity of earthly blessings, so called, in +quite a philosophic way; it is hardly possible to suppose him closing his +sermon with-- + + "Fortem posce animum, mortis terrore carentem, + Qui spatium vitae extremum inter munera ponat + Naturae, qui ferre queat quoscumque labores, + Nesciat irasci, cupiat nihil, et potiores + Herculis aerumnas credat, saevosque labores, + Et Venere, et coenis, et plume Sardanapali." + +if by _spatium_ he meant "length;" but how apt and beautiful in Lord +Bacon's sense! A note on the passage in the Var. Ed. of 1684 has "Qui sciat +_mortem_ munus aliquod naturae esse." + +EMMANUEL CANTAB. + +_Monumental Inscription in Peterborough Cathedral_ (Vol. viii., p. +215.).--In consequence of the very curious Notes communicated by H. THOS. +WAKE, I would beg to draw that gentleman's attention to the very important +MS. collections of Bp. White Kennet on the subject of this cathedral in the +Lansd. MSS., British Museum, to which I shall be happy to give him the +references in a private letter, if he will favour me with his address. + +E. G. BALLARD. + +_Lord North_ (Vol. vii., p. 207).--I feel much obliged to your +correspondent C. for his courtesy in replying to my inquiry concerning this +nobleman. His remembrance of the personal appearance of George III., and +his remarks on the subject, are in my opinion conclusive; but the +appearance of the statement in the _Life of Goldsmith_ was such as to +provoke inquiry. May I ask our correspondent C. (who appears to be +acquainted with the North genealogy) whether a sister of the premier North, +by the some mother, was not alive some years after the year 1734? Collins +records the birth of an infant daughter, but the fact is overlooked in +modern peerages. + +OBSERVER. + +_Land of Green Ginger_ (Vol. viii., pp. 34. 160. 227.).--Mr. Frost, in his +_History_, p. 71., &c., has shown many instances of alteration in the names +of streets in Hull from the names of persons, as from Aldegate to Scale +Lane, from Schayl, a Dutchman; and MR. RICHARDSON has made it most probable +that the designation "Land of Green Ginger" took place betwixt 1640 and +1735. It has occurred to me, that a family of the Dutch name of Lindegreen +(green lime-trees) resided at Hull within the last fifty years or more. Now +the "junior" of this name would be called in Dutch "Lindegroen jonger," +which may have originated the corruption "Land o' green ginger." This +conjecture would amount to solution of the question, if the Lindegreens had +about 150 years ago any property or occupation in this lane. The Dutch had +necessarily much intercourse with Hull: one of their imports was the +lamprey, chiefly as bait for turbot, cod, &c. obtained in the Ouse near the +mouth of the Derwent; which fish was conveyed in boats in Ouse Water, and +was kept alive and lively by means of poles made to revolve in these +floating fish-ponds, as I was informed by an alderman prior to the reform +of that ancient borough. But lamprey has now either migrated, or been +exterminated by clearing the Ouse of stones[5], or by the excessive +cupidity of the fisherman or gastronomer. + +T. J. BUCKTON. + +Birmingham. + +[Footnote 5: The Petromyzon by attaching itself to a stone forms a drill, +by which it furrows the shoal for the deposit of its spawn.] + +{304} + +_Sheer, and Shear Hulk_ (Vol. vii., p. 126.)--A _sheer_ hulk is a mere +hulk, simply the hull of a vessel unfurnished with masts and rigging. A +_shear_ hulk, on the contrary, is the hull of a vessel fitted with _shears_ +(so termed from their resemblance to the blades of a pair of shears when +opened), for the purpose of masting and dismasting other vessels. + +The use of the word _buckle_, in the signification of bend, is exceedingly +common both among seamen and builders. For its use among the former I can +vouch; and among the latter, see the evidence at the coroner's inquest on +the late melancholy and mysterious accident at the Crystal Palace. + +W. PINKERTON. + +Ham. + +_Serpent with a Human Head_ (Vol. iv., p. 191.).--The following passage +from Gervasius Tilberiensis (_Otia Imperialia_, lib. i sect. 15.) shows +that the idea of the serpent which tempted Eve, having a woman's head, was +current in the time of Bede. I having not had an opportunity of finding +whereabouts in Bede's writings the passage quoted by Gervasius occurs: + + "Nec erit omittendum, quod ait Beda, loquens de serpente qui Evam + seduxit: 'Elegit enim diabolus quoddam genus serpentis foemineum vultum + habentis, quia similes similibus applaudunt, et movit ad loquendum + linguam ejus." + +C. W. G. + +_"When the maggot bites"_ (Vol. viii., p 244.).--An ANON correspondent asks +for a note to explain the origin of the saying that thing done on the spur +of the moment is done "when the maggot bites." Perhaps the best explanation +is that afforded in the following passage from Swift's _Discourse on the +Mechanical Operation of the Spirit_: + + "It is the opinion of choice _virtuosi_ that the brain is only a crowd + of little animals with teeth and claws extremely sharp, and which cling + together in the contexture we behold, like the picture of Hobbes's + Leviathan; or like bees in perpendicular swarm on a tree; or like a + carrion corrupted into vermin, still preserving the shape and figure of + the mother animal: that all invention is formed by the morsure of two + or more of these animals upon certain capillary nerves which proceed + from thence, whereof three branches spring into the tongue and two into + the right hand. They hold also that these animals are of a constitution + extremely cold: that their food is the air we attract, their excrement + phlegm. And that what we vulgarly call rheums, and colds, and + distillations, is nothing else but an epidemical looseness to which + that little commonwealth is very subject from the climate it lies + under. Farther, that nothing less than a violent heat can disentangle + these creatures from their hamated station in life; or give them vigour + and humour, to imprint the marks of their little teeth. That if the + morsure be hexagonal, it produces poetry; the circular gives eloquence. + If the bite hath been conical, the person whose nerve is so affected + shall be disposed to write upon politics; and so of the rest." + +J. EMERSON TENNENT. + +_Definition of a Proverb_ (Vol. viii., p. 242.).--The proverb, "Wit of one +man, the wisdom of many," has been attributed to Lord John Russell: I think +in a recent number of the _Quarterly Review_. The foundation was laid most +probably by Bacon: + + "The genius, wit, and spirit of a nation are discovered by their + proverbs." + +It may not be perhaps generally known to your readers, that in a small +volume, called _Origines de la Lengua Espanola, &c., por Don Gregorio +Mayans y Siscar, Bibliothecario del Rei nuestro Senor_, en Madrid, Ano +1737, will be found a numerous collection of Spanish proverbs. A MS. note +in my copy has a note, stating that the MS. made for Mayans, from the +original, in the national library at Madrid, is now in the British Museum, +Additional MSS., No. 9939. + +The work is divided into dialogues; and in the copy in question are some +remarks by a Spanish gentleman, I fear too long for your pages: but I send +you an English version by a friend, of one of the couplets in the +dialogues, "Diez marcos tengo de oro:" + + "Ten marks of gold for the telling, + And of silver I have nine score, + Good houses are mine to dwell in, + And I have a rent-roll more: + My line and lineage please me: + Ten squires to come at my call, + And no lord who flatters or fees me, + Which pleases me most of them all." + +JOHN MARTIN. + +Woburn Abbey. + +_Gilbert White of Selborne_ (Vol. viii., p. 244.).--Oriel College, of which +Gilbert White was for more than fifty years a Fellow, some years since +offered to have a portrait of him painted for their hall. An inquiry was +then made of all the members of his family; but no portrait of any +description could be found. I have heard my father say that Gilbert White +was much pressed by his brother Thomas (my grandfather) to have his +portrait painted, and that he talked of it; but it was never done. + +A. HOLT WHITE. + +_"A Tub to the Whale"_ (Vol. viii., p. 220.).--In the Appendix B. to Sir +James Macintosh's _Life of Sir Thomas More_ is the following passage: + + "The learned Mr. Douce has informed a friend of mine, that in Sebastian + Munster's _Cosmography_ there is a cut of a ship, to which a whale was + coming too close for her safety; and of the sailors throwing a tub + {305} to the whale, evidently to play with. The practice of throwing a + tub or barrel to a large fish, to divert the animal from gambols + dangerous to a vessel, is also mentioned in an old prose translation of + the _Ship of Fools_. These passages satisfactorily explain the common + phrase of throwing a tub to a whale." + +Sir James Macintosh conjectures that the phrase "the tale of a tub" (which +was familiarly known in Sir Thomas More's time) had reference to the tub +thrown to the whale. + +C. H. COOPER. + +Cambridge. + +_The Number Nine_ (Vol. viii., p. 149.).--The property of numbers +enunciated and illustrated by MR. LAMMENS resolves itself into two. + +1. If from any number above nine be subtracted the number expressed by +writing the same digits backwards, the remainder is divisible by nine. + +2. If the number nine measure a given number, it measures the sum of its +digits. + +As the latter is proved in most elementary books on Algebra, I confine my +proof to the former. + +Let the number in question be-- + + _a__0 + _a__1 . 10 + _a__2 . 10^2 + ... + _a__{_n_-1} . 10^{_n_-1} + + _a__{_n_} . 10^{_n_} + +Then + + _a__{_n_} + _a__{_n_-1} . 10 + _a__{_n_-2} . 10^2 + ... + _a__1 . + 10^{_n_-1} + _a__0 . 10^{_n_} + +is "the same number written backwards." The difference is-- + + (_a__{_n_} - _a__0)(10^{_n_} - 1) + (_a__{_n_-1} - _a__1)(10^{_n_-2} - 1) + . 10 + ... + + (_a__{_n_/2+1} - _a__{_n_/2-1})(10^2-1) . 10^{_n_/2-1} if _n_ be + even, but + + (_a__{(_n_+1)/2} - _a__{(_n_-1)/2})(10-1) . 10^{(n-1)/2} if _n_ be + odd. + +And every term of this difference, as involving a factor of the form (1 - +10^{_n_}), is divisible by 9; and therefore the difference is divisible by +9. + +C. MANSFIELD INGLEBY. + +Birmingham. + +_The Willingham Boy._--ABREDONENSIS will find full information on all the +points he appears from your Notices to Correspondents (Vol. viii., p. 66.) +to have inquired after in-- + + "Prodigium Willinghamense, or Authentic Memoirs of the Life of a Boy + born at Willingham, near Cambridge, with some Reflections on his + Understanding, Strength, Temper, Memory, Genius, and Knowledge, by + Thos. Dawkes, Surgeon." + +W. P. + +_Unlucky Days_ (Vol. vii., p. 232.).--The Latin verses contained in the old +Spanish breviary, adverted to by W. PINKERTON, bear a close resemblance to +those which are to be found in the Red Book of the Irish Exchequer. The +latter form part of a calendar which is supposed to have been written +either during the reign of John or Henry III. A similar calendar, with like +verses, has been printed by the Archaeological Society, Dublin. As the lines +in the Red Book vary in some respects from those which have appeared in "N. +& Q.," I have taken the liberty of inclosing a transcript of them. + + "_January._ Prima dies mensis, et septima truncat ut ensis. + _February._ Quarta subit mortem, prosternit tertia fortem. + _March._ Primus mandantem, dirumpit quarta bibentem. + _April._ Denus et undenus, est mortis vulnere plenus. + _May._ Tertius occidit, et septimus hora relidit. + _June._ Denus pallescit, quindenus federa nescit. + _July._ Terdecimus mactat, Julii denus labefactat. + _August._ Prima necat fortem, perditque secunda choortem. + _September._ Tertia Septembris, et denus fert mala membris. + _October._ Tertia cum dena, clamat sit integra vena. + _November._ Scorpius est quintus, et tertius est nece cinctus. + _December._ Septimus exanguis, virosus denus ut anguis." + +JAMES F. FERGUSON. + +Dublin. + +_Rhymes on Places_ (Vol. vii. _passim_.).--Midlothian: + + "Musselboro' was a boro', + Whan Edinboro' was nane; + An Musselboro' 'll be a boro', + Whan Edinboro's gane." + +W. T. M. + +Hong Kong. + +Cambridgeshire folks say,-- + + "Hungry Hardwick, + Greedy Toft, + Hang-up Kingston, + Caldecott[6] naught." + +P. J. F. GANTILLON, B.A. + +[Footnote 6: Pronounced _Cawcote_.] + +_Quotation Wanted_ (Vol. vi., p. 421.).--See Byron's _Dream_, stanza ii. v. +30.: + + "She was his life, + The ocean to the river of his thoughts." + +P. J. F. GANTILLON, B.A. + +_Lamech_ (Vol. vii., p. 432.).--For "Lamech," see Mr. Browne's excellent +_Ordo Saeclorum_, ch. vii. Sec. 302., 1844--a book deserving to be much more +widely known. + +S. Z. Z. S. + +_Muggers_ (Vol. viii., p. 34.).--The names _muggers_ and _potters_, +betokening dealers in mugs and pots, are, in the north of England, applied +indiscriminately to hawkers of earthenware, whether of gipsy blood or not. +Indeed, the majority are evidently not gipsies. + +T. D. RIDLEY. + + * * * * * + + +{306} + +Miscellaneous. + +NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC. + +We have received from Messrs. Williams and Norgate copies of the first +number of two new German periodicals, with which, when they know their +nature, some of our readers may desire better acquaintance. Our antiquarian +friends, for instance, may be glad to know, that the opening number of one +of these, the _Anzeige fuer Kunde des Deutschen Vorzeit, Organ des +Germanischen Museums_ (which is to appear monthly), contains, among other +articles of antiquarian interest, notes on the earliest known MS. of the +Nuremburg Chronicle, and on an early MS. of the Nibelungen; notice of an +original Letter of Pirkheimer, relative to the wars of Maximilian against +the Swiss; and also of a remarkable, and hitherto unknown, old copper-plate +engraving on six sheets by an unknown artist, apparently of the school of +Martin Schon, illustrative of that campaign; and an account of an early +miscellaneous MS., in which is a List of Masons' Marks. The second is one +which will interest all lovers of folk lore. It is edited by J. W. Wolf, +and entitled _Zeitschrift fuer Deutsche Mythologie und Sittenkunde_, and +numbers among its contributors, W. Grimm, Nordnagel, Kuhn, and many other +good men and true, who have devoted their talents to the study of popular +antiquities. We hope shortly to find room for a specimen or two of the "Old +World" stories and customs which they have here recorded. + +BOOKS RECEIVED.--_A Guide containing a Short Historical Sketch of Lynton +and Places adjacent in North Devon, including Ilfracombe_, by T. H. Cooper: +a well-timed guide to the most picturesque portion of one of the most +beautiful parts of North Devon, pleasantly interlarded with scraps of folk +lore and historical anecdote.--In Bohn's _Standard Library_, we have a +farther issue of Miss Bremer's works, comprising _A Diary_; _The H---- +Family_; _Axel and Anna_, and other Tales: and the second volume of Mr. +Hickie's translation of _The Comedies of Aristophanes_ forms the issue for +the present month of the same publisher's _Classical Library_.--Mr. Darling +proceeds with great regularity in the publication of his _Cyclopoedia +Bibliographica_, of which we have received No. XII., which extends from +Bernard Lancy to Martin Madan.--_The Irish Quarterly Review_, No. XI. for +September, contains, among other articles of general interest, such as +those on _French Social Life and Fashion in Poetry, and the Poets of +Fashion_, a farther portion of the amusing anecdotical paper, entitled _The +Streets of Dublin_. + + * * * * * + +BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES WANTED TO PURCHASE. + +THE BUILDER, No. 520. + +OSWALLI CROLLII OPERA. 12mo. Geneva, 1635. + +GAFFARELL'S UNHEARD-OF CURIOSITIES. Translate by Chelmead. London, 12mo. +1650. + +BEAUMONT'S PSYCHE. 2nd Edit. folio. Camb. 1702. + +THE MONTHLY ARMY LIST from 1797 to 1800 inclusive. Published by Hookham and +Carpenter, Bond Street. Square 12mo. + +JER. COLLIER'S ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF ENGLAND. Folio Edition. Vol II. + +LONDON LABOUR AND THE LONDON POOR. + +PROCEEDINGS OF THE LONDON GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. + +PRESCOTT'S HISTORY OF THE CONQUEST OF MEXICO. 3 Vols. London. Vol. III. + +MRS. ELLIS'S SOCIAL DISTINCTIONS. Tallis's Edition. Vols. II. and III. 8vo. + +PAMPHLETS. + +JUNIUS DISCOVERED. By P. T. Published about 1789. + +REASONS FOR REJECTING THE EVIDENCE OF MR. ALMON, &c. 1807. + +ANOTHER GUESS AT JUNIUS. Hookham. 1809. + +THE AUTHOR OF JUNIUS DISCOVERED. Longmans. 1821. + +THE CLAIMS OF SIR P. FRANCIS REFUTED. Longmans. 1822. + +WHO WAS JUNIUS? Glynn. 1837. + +SOME NEW FACTS, &c., by Sir F. Dwarris. 1850. + +*** _Correspondents sending Lists of Books Wanted are requested to send +their names._ + +*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, to be +sent to MR. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + + +Notices to Correspondents. + +G. T. (Reading). _We are happy to be able to assure our Correspondent that +that venerable antiquary_ JOHN BRITTON _is still among us, and, when we +last saw him, as hale as his best friends could wish._ + +H. H. R. _will find in our earlier volumes several Notes on the subject of +his Query._ + +W. M. _The line_-- + + "Incidis in Scyllam cupiens vitare Charybdim," + +_is from_ lib. v. 301. _of the_ Alexandreis _of Philip Gualtier: and not_ +Tempora, _but_ + + "Omnia mutantur, nos et mutamur in illis," + +_is from a poem by Matthew Borbonius in the_ Delitiae Poetarum Germanorum, +vol. i. p. 683. + +H. C. C. _Will this Correspondent favour us with his address in exchange +for that of_ NEWBURY, _which we have, and who wishes to correspond with +him?_ + +J. O. _May we insert the interesting Reply sent by this Correspondent, or +is it his wish that we should forward it?_ + +W. S. F. _will find an interesting article on the loss of Gray's original +MS. from La Grande Chartreuse, in our_ First Volume, p. 416. + +J. M. G. _Is not the translation of_ The Ode, _spoken of in the article +alluded to as being by James Hay Beattie, the one respecting which our +Querist inquires?_ + +F. M. (A Maltese). 1. _We should recommend our Correspondent to make his +gun cotton with the nitrate of potash and sulphuric acid, as originally +recommended in_ "N. & Q.," _taking care that they are both thoroughly +incorporated before the addition of the cotton. Much vexation often occurs +in consequence of the various strengths of nitric acid. But the gun cotton +can now be procured at some of the photographic houses quite as reasonably +as it can be prepared._ 2. _Acetic acid is added to the pyrogallic acid to +prevent its too rapid decomposition, and to facilitate the more easy +flowing of the fluid over the plate. But the more acetic acid is used, the +more slow will be the development._ 3. _Is not the cracking of the albumen +the result of the climate of Malta?_ + +F. (Manchester). _We do not think that you can do better than adopt +strictly the mode of obtaining positives recommended by_ MR. POLLOCK, _and +which we printed some time since; or that pursued by_ DR. DIAMOND, _which +we have in type, but have been compelled to postpone until next week._ + +A. B. C. _Having ourselves practised the_ Paper Process, _according to the +directions given in our first Number for the present year (with the +correction of using the gallic acid, which, as stated in a subsequent +Number, was by accident omitted), we would advise our Correspondent to +adhere _strictly_ to those rules rather than any other with which we have +since become acquainted. We are of opinion that sufficient care is very +rarely used in the preparation of the iodized paper, and upon which all +future success must depend._ + +_A few complete sets of_ "NOTES AND QUERIES," Vols. i. _to_ vii., _price +Three Guineas and a Half, may now be had; for which early application is +desirable._ + +"NOTES AND QUERIES" _is published at noon on Friday, so that the Country +Booksellers may receive Copies in that night's parcels, and deliver them to +their Subscribers on the Saturday._ + + * * * * * + + +{307} + +INDIGESTION, CONSTIPATION, NERVOUSNESS, &c.--BARRY, DU BARRY & CO.'S +HEALTH-RESTORING FOOD for INVALIDS and INFANTS. + + * * * * * + +THE REVALENTA ARABICA FOOD, the only natural, pleasant, and effectual +remedy (without medicine, purging, inconvenience, or expense, as it saves +fifty times its cost in other remedies) for nervous, stomachic, intestinal, +liver and bilious complaints, however deeply rooted, dyspepsia +(indigestion), habitual constipation, diarrhoea, acidity, heartburn, +flatulency, oppression, distension, palpitation, eruption of the skin, +rheumatism, gout, dropsy, sickness at the stomach during pregnancy, at sea, +and under all other circumstances, debility in the aged as well as infants, +fits, spasms, cramps, paralysis, &c. + +_A few out of 50,000 Cures:--_ + + Cure, No. 71, of dyspepsia; from the Right Hon. the Lord Stuart de + Decies:--"I have derived considerable benefits from your Revalenta + Arabica Food, and consider it due to yourselves and the public to + authorise the publication of these lines.--STUART DE DECIES." + + Cure, No. 49,832:--"Fifty years' indescribable agony from dyspepsia, + nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation, flatulency, spasms, sickness + at the stomach, and vomitings have been removed by Du Barry's excellent + food.--MARIA JOLLY, Wortham Ling, near Diss, Norfolk." + + Cure, No. 180:--"Twenty-five years' nervousness, constipation, + indigestion, and debility, from which I had suffered great misery, and + which no medicine could remove or relieve, have been effectually cured + by Du Barry's food in a very short time.--W. R. REEVES, Pool Anthony, + Tiverton." + + Cure, No. 4,208:--"Eight years' dyspepsia, nervousness, debility, with + cramps, spasms, and nausea, for which my servant had consulted the + advice of many, have been effectually removed by Du Barry's delicious + food in a very short time. I shall be happy to answer any + inquiries.--REV. JOHN W. FLAVELL, Ridlington Rectory, Norfolk." + +_Dr. Wurzer's Testimonial._ + + "Bonn, July 19. 1852. + + "This light and pleasant Farina is one of the most excellent, + nourishing, and restorative remedies, and supersedes, in many cases, + all kinds of medicines. It is particularly useful in confined habit of + body, as also diarrhoea, bowel complaints, affections of the kidneys + and bladder, such as stone or gravel; inflammatory irritation and cramp + of the urethra, cramp of the kidneys and bladder, strictures, and + hemorrhoids. This really invaluable remedy is employed with the most + satisfactory result, not only in bronchial and pulmonary complaints, + where irritation and pain are to be removed, but also in pulmonary and + bronchial consumption, in which it counteracts effectually the + troublesome cough; and I am enabled with perfect truth to express the + conviction that Du Barry's Revalenta Arabica is adapted to the cure of + incipient hectic complaints and consumption. + + "DR. RUD WURZER. + "Counsel of Medicine, and practical M.D. in Bonn." + +London Agents:--Fortnum, Mason & Co., 182. Piccadilly, purveyors to Her +Majesty the Queen; Hedges & Butler, 155. Regent Street; and through all +respectable grocers, chemists, and medicine venders. In canisters, suitably +packed for all climates, and with full instructions, 1lb. 2s. 9d.; 2lb. 4s. +6d.; 5lb. 11s.; 12lb. 22s.; super-refined, 5lb. 22s.; 10lb. 33s. The 10lb. +and 12lb. carriage free, on receipt of Post-office order.--Barry, Du Barry +Co., 77. Regent Street, London. + +IMPORTANT CAUTION.--Many invalids having been seriously injured by spurious +imitations under closely similar names, such as Ervalenta, Arabaca, and +others, the public will do well to see that each canister bears the name +BARRY, DU BARRY & CO., 77. Regent Street, London, in full, _without which +none is genuine_. + + * * * * * + + +WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE AND ANNUITY SOCIETY. + +3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON. + +Founded A.D. 1842. + + * * * * * + + _Directors._ + + H. E. Bicknell, Esq. + T. S. Cocks, Jun. Esq., M. P. + G. H. Drew, Esq. + W. Evans, Esq. + W. Freeman, Esq. + F. Fuller, Esq. + J. H. Goodhart, Esq. + T. Grissell, Esq. + J. Hunt, Esq. + J. A. Lethbridge, Esq. + E. Lucas, Esq. + J. Lys Seager, Esq. + J. B. White, Esq. + J. Carter Wood, Esq. + + _Trustees._--W. Whateley, Esq., Q.C.; George Drew, Esq., T. Grissell, + Esq. + _Physician._--William Rich. Basham, M.D. + _Bankers._--Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross. + +VALUABLE PRIVILEGE. + +POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary +difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application to +suspend the payment at interest, according to the conditions detailed in +the Prospectus. + +Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100l., with a Share in +three-fourths of the Profits:-- + + Age L s. d. + 17 1 14 4 + 22 1 18 8 + 27 2 4 5 + 32 2 10 8 + 37 2 18 6 + 42 3 8 2 + +ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary. + +Now ready, price 10s. 6d., Second Edition, with material additions. +INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION: being a TREATISE ON BENEFIT BUILDING +SOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of Land Investment, exemplified in +the Cases of Freehold Land Societies, Building Companies, &c. With a +Mathematical Appendix on Compound Interest and Life Assurance. By ARTHUR +SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life Assurance Society, 3. +Parliament Street, London. + + * * * * * + + +BANK OF DEPOSIT. + +7. St. Martin's Place, Trafalgar Square, London. + +PARTIES desirous of INVESTING MONEY are requested to examine the Plan of +this Institution, by which a high rate of Interest may be obtained with +perfect Security. + +Interest payable in January and July. + + PETER MORRISON, + Managing Director. + +Prospectuses free on application. + + * * * * * + + +DAGUERREOTYPE MATERIALS.--Plates, Cases, Passepartoutes, Best and Cheapest. +To be had in great variety at + +McMILLAN'S Wholesale Depot, 132. Fleet Street. + +Price List Gratis. + + * * * * * + + +BENNETT'S MODEL WATCH, as shown at the GREAT EXHIBITION, No. 1. Class X., +in Gold and Silver Cases, in five qualities, and adapted to all Climates, +may now be had at the MANUFACTORY, 65. CHEAPSIDE. Superior Gold London-made +Patent Levers, 17, 15, and 12 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 4 +guineas. First-rate Geneva Levers, in Gold Cases, 12, 10, and 8 guineas. +Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 5 guineas. Superior Lever, with +Chronometer Balance, Gold, 27, 23, and 19 guineas. Bennett's Pocket +Chronometer, Gold, 50 guineas; Silver, 40 guineas. Every Watch skilfully +examined, timed, and its performance guaranteed. Barometers, 2l., 3l., and +4l. Thermometers from 1s. each. + +BENNETT, Watch, Clock, and Instrument Maker to the Royal Observatory, the +Board of Ordnance, the Admiralty, and the Queen, + +65. CHEAPSIDE. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHIC PICTURES.--A Selection of the above beautiful Productions +(comprising Views in VENICE, PARIS, RUSSIA, NUBIA, &c.) may be seen at +BLAND & LONG'S, 153. Fleet Street, where may also be procured Apparatus of +every Description, and pure Chemicals for the practice of Photography in +all its Branches. + +Calotype, Daguerreotype, and Glass Pictures for the Stereoscope. + +*** Catalogues may be had on application. + +BLAND & LONG, Opticians, Philosophical and Photographical Instrument +Makers, and Operative Chemists, 153. Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHY.--HORNE & CO.'S Iodized Collodion, for obtaining Instantaneous +Views, and Portraits in from three to thirty seconds, according to light. + +Portraits obtained by the above, for delicacy of detail rival the choicest +Daguerreotypes, specimens of which may be seen at their Establishment. + +Also every description of Apparatus, Chemicals, &c. &c. used in this +beautiful Art.--123. and 121. Newgate Street. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHIC PAPER.--Negative and Positive Papers of Whatman's, Turner's, +Sanford's, and Canson Freres' make. Waxed-Paper for Le Gray's Process. +Iodized and Sensitive Paper for every kind of Photography. + +Sold by JOHN SANFORD, Photographic Stationer, Aldine Chambers, 13. +Paternoster Row, London. + + * * * * * + + +IMPROVEMENT IN COLLODION.--J.B. HOCKIN & CO., Chemists, 289. Strand, have, +by an improved mode of Iodizing, succeeded in producing a Collodion equal, +they may say superior, in sensitiveness and density of Negative, to any +other hitherto published; without diminishing the keeping properties and +appreciation of half tint for which their manufacture has been esteemed. + +Apparatus, pure Chemicals, and all the requirements for the practice of +Photography. Instruction in the Art. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS.--OTTEWILL'S REGISTERED DOUBLE-BODIED FOLDING CAMERA, +is superior to every other form of Camera, for the Photographic Tourist, +from its capability of Elongation or Contraction to any Focal Adjustment, +its extreme Portability, and its adaptation for taking either Views or +Portraits. + +Every Description of Camera, or Slides, Tripod Stands, Printing Frames, +&c., may be obtained at his MANUFACTORY, Charlotte Terrace, Barnsbury Road, +Islington. + +New Inventions, Models, &c., made to order or from Drawings. + + * * * * * + + +W. H. HART, RECORD AGENT and LEGAL ANTIQUARIAN (who is in the possession of +Indices to many of the early Public Records whereby his Inquiries are +greatly facilitated) begs to inform Authors and Gentlemen engaged in +Antiquarian or Literary Pursuits, that he is prepared to undertake searches +among the Public Records, MSS. in the British Museum, Ancient Wills, or +other Depositories of a similar Nature, in any Branch of Literature, +History, Topography, Genealogy, or the like, and in which he has had +considerable experience. + +1. ALBERT TERRACE, NEW CROSS, HATCHAM, SURREY. + + * * * * * + + +{308} MURRAY'S RAILWAY READING. + +Just ready, with Woodcuts, fcap. 8vo., 1s. + +THE GUILLOTINE. An Historical Essay. By the RIGHT HON. JOHN WILSON CROKER. +Reprinted from "The Quarterly Review." + +The former Volumes of this Series are-- + +LOCKHART'S ANCIENT SPANISH BALLADS. + +HOLLWAY'S MONTH IN NORWAY. + +LORD CAMPBELL'S LIFE OF LORD BACON. + +WELLINGTON. By JULES MAUREL. + +DEAN MILMAN'S FALL OF JERUSALEM. + +LIFE OF THEODORE HOOK. + +LORD MAHON'S STORY OF JOAN OF ARC. + +HALLAM'S LITERARY ESSAYS AND CHARACTERS. + +THE EMIGRANT. By SIR F. B. HEAD. + +WELLINGTON. By LORD ELLESMERE. + +MUSIC AND DRESS. By a LADY. + +LAYARD'S POPULAR ACCOUNT OF NINEVEH. + +BEES AND FLOWERS. By a CLERGYMAN. + +LORD MAHON'S HISTORY OF THE "FORTY-FIVE." + +ESSAYS FROM "THE TIMES." + +GIFFARD'S DEEDS OF NAVAL DARING. + +THE ART OF DINING. + +OLIPHANT'S JOURNEY TO NEPAUL. + +THE CHACE, THE TURF, AND THE ROAD. By NIMROD. + +JAMES' FABLES OF AESOP. + +To be followed by + +BEAUTIES OF BYRON: PROSE AND VERSE. + +A SECOND SERIES OF ESSAYS FROM "THE TIMES." + +The ANCIENT EGYPTIANS. By SIR J. G. WILKINSON. + +JOHN MURRAY, Albemarle Street. + + * * * * * + + +COMPLETION OF THE WORK.--On the 30th September, cloth 1s.; by Post, 1s. +6d., pp. 192.--WELSH SKETCHES, THIRD (and Last) SERIES. By the Author of +"Proposals for Christian Union." Contents:--1. Edward the Black Prince. 2. +Owen Glendower, Prince of Wales. 3. Mediaeval Bardism. 4. The Welsh Church. + +London: JAMES DARLING, 81. Great Queen Street, Lincoln's Inn Fields. + + * * * * * + + +Now ready, price 25s., Second Edition, revised and corrected. Dedicated by +Special Permission to THE (LATE) ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY. + +PSALMS AND HYMNS FOR THE SERVICE OF THE CHURCH. The words selected by the +Very Rev. H. H. MILMAN, D.D., Dean of St. Paul's. The Music arranged for +Four Voices, but applicable also to Two or One, including Chants for the +Services. Responses to the Commandments, and a Concise SYSTEM OF CHANTING, +by J. B. SALE. Musical Instructor and Organist to Her Majesty. 4to., neat, +in morocco cloth, price 25s. To be had of Mr. J. B. SALE, 21. Holywell +Street, Millbank, Westminster, on the receipt of a Post-office Order for +that amount: and, by order, of the principal Booksellers and Music +Warehouses. + + "A great advance on the works we have hitherto had, connected with our + Church and Cathedral Service."--_Times._ + + "A collection of Psalm Tunes certainly unequalled in this + country."--_Literary Gazette._ + + "One of the best collections of tunes which we have yet seen. Well + merits the distinguished patronage under which it appears."--_Musical + World._ + + "A collection of Psalms and Hymns, together with a system of Chanting + of a very superior character to any which has hitherto + appeared."--_John Bull._ + +London: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street. + +Also, lately published, + +J. B. SALE'S SANCTUS, COMMANDMENTS and CHANTS as performed at the Chapel +Royal St. James, price 2s. + +C. LONSDALE, 26. Old Bond Street. + + * * * * * + + +TO NUMISMATISTS, &c.--For Sale, on Moderate Terms, a considerable portion +of the celebrated French Work entitled TRESOR DE NUMISMATIQUE ET DE +GLYPTIQUE published under the Superintendence of MM. PAUL DELAROCHE, +HENRIQUEL DUPONT, and CHARLES LENORMANT; 15 Parts. Paris, 1836. Royal +folio, eight bound and seven unbound, in good condition, price Fifteen +Guineas. For farther particulars, apply to + +MR. GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street, Where the Work may be seen. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION.--An EXHIBITION of PICTURES, by the most +celebrated French, Italian, and English Photographers, embracing Views of +the principal Countries and Cities of Europe, is now OPEN. Admission 6d. A +Portrait taken by MR. TALBOT'S Patent Process, One Guinea; Three extra +Copies for 10s. + +PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION, 168. NEW BOND STREET. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERA for SALE.--To be disposed of, A PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERA, +with Combination Achromatic Lenses, and Apparatus for the Daguerreotype and +Collodion Processes. Price 5l. 10s. + +Apply to E. FLOWER, 32. Gell Street, Sheffield. + + * * * * * + + +TO ALL WHO HAVE FARMS OR GARDENS. + +THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. + +(The Horticultural Part edited by PROF. LINDLEY,) + +Of Saturday, September 17, contains Articles on + + Agricultural College examinations + Anacharis alsinastrum, by Mr. Marshall + Antwerp, effect of the winter at + Arachis, oil of + Ash tree, leaves of + Books noticed + Bossiaeas + Burnturk farm, noticed + Calendar, horticultural + ---- agricultural + Cider apple trees + Cineraria, culture of + Climate of Antwerp + ---- of India (with engraving) + College (Agr.) examinations + Conifers, new applications of leaves of, by M. Seemann + Coppice, how to prepare for fruit trees + Dahlias at Surrey show + Drainage discussion + Evergreens at Antwerp, effect of the winter on + Gomphrena amaranthus + Grass land, to improve + Ground nuts + Gymnopsis uniserialis + Henderson's (Messrs. E. G.) nursery + Hop mould + India, climate of (with engraving) + Leaves of the ash tree + Leschenaultia formosa + Manure, saw-dust as, by Mr. Mackenzie + Manuring, liquid + Martin Doyle + Milk preserving, by Mr. Symington + Newcastle Farmers' Club + Nuts, ground + Onions, by Mr. Symons + Orchard houses + Pig breeding farm, by Mr. Hulme + Pine wool, by M. Seemann + Plants, variegated, by Mr. Mackenzie + ---- vitality of + ---- new + Plums, Dowling's + Potato sets, dried, by Mr. Goodiff + Radish, Black Spanish + Reaping machines + Sawdust as manure, by Mr. Mackenzie + Sobralia fragrans + Steam culture + Stock, does live, pay? by Mr. Mechi + ---- value of, in the United States, by Mr. Shechan + Village excursions + + * * * * * + +THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE and AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE contains, in addition to +the above, the Covent Garden, Mark Lane, Smithfield, and Liverpool prices, +with returns from the Potato, Hop, Hay, Coal, Timber, Bark, Wool, and Seed +Markets, and a _complete Newspaper, with a condensed account of all the +transactions of the week_. + +ORDER of any Newsvender. OFFICE for Advertisements, 5. Upper Wellington +Street, Covent Garden, London. + + * * * * * + + +BEST HISTORY OF FRANCE. + +Price 5s. cloth, lettered. + +BONNECHOSE'S HISTORY OF FRANCE, translated by W. ROBSON, Translator of +Michaud's "History of the Crusades." + +"This work is in general use in all the French schools, and the French +Academy have recently decreed the Author the first Montyon prize." + +London: GEORGE ROUTLEDGE & CO., Farringdon Street. + + * * * * * + + +This Day is published, price 10s. 6d., the Second Volume of MISS AGNES +STRICKLAND'S LIFE OF MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS, forming the Fourth Volume of her +LIVES OF THE QUEENS OF SCOTLAND, and English Princesses connected with the +Regal Succession. With a Portrait of Mary at the Age of Twenty-five, from +the Original Painting presented by herself to Sir Henry Curwen of Workinton +Hall. + +WILLIAM BLACKWOOD & SONS, Edinburgh and London. + + * * * * * + + +Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 10. Stonefield Street, in the Parish +of St. Mary, Islington, at No. 5. New Street Square, in the Parish of St. +Bride, in the City of London; and published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. +Fleet Street, in the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of +London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.--Saturday, September +24. 1853. + + * * * * * + + +Corrections made to printed original. + +page 290, "What were they?": 'What where they' in original. + +page 305, in the two expressions after "Let the number in question be" the +final superscript (n) was printed as a subscript + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 204, +September 24, 1853, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES *** + +***** This file should be named 27004.txt or 27004.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/2/7/0/0/27004/ + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Library of Early +Journals.) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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