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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 204, September
+24, 1853, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Notes and Queries, Number 204, September 24, 1853
+       A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists,
+       Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc.
+
+Author: Various
+
+Editor: George Bell
+
+Release Date: October 24, 2008 [EBook #27004]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins
+and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
+http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images
+generously made available by The Internet Library of Early
+Journals.)
+
+
+
+
+
+Transcriber's note: A few typographical errors have been corrected: they
+are listed at the end of the text.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+{285}
+
+NOTES AND QUERIES:
+
+A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES,
+GENEALOGISTS, ETC.
+
+"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+No. 204.]
+SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 24. 1853.
+[Price Fourpence. Stamped Edition 5d.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+CONTENTS.
+
+  NOTES:--                                                    Page
+
+    Extinct Volcanos and Mountains of Gold in Scotland         285
+    Thomas Blount, Author of "Fragmenta Antiquitatis,"
+    &c., by J. B. Whitborne                                    286
+    "Give him a Roll."--A Plea for the Horse, by C.
+    Forbes                                                     287
+    Dream Testimony, by C. H. Cooper                           287
+    Shakspeare Correspondence                                  288
+
+    MINOR NOTES:--Epitaph from Stalbridge--Curious
+    Extracts: Dean Nowell: Bottled Beer--A Collection
+    of Sentences out of some of the Writings of the
+    Lord Bacon--Law and Usage--Manichæan Games
+    --Bohn's Hoveden--Milton at Eyford House                   289
+
+  QUERIES:--
+
+    Earl of Leicester's Portrait, 1585                         290
+    Early Use of Tin                                           291
+    St. Patrick--Maune and Man, by J. G. Cumming               291
+    Passage in Bingham, by Richard Bingham                     291
+
+    MINOR QUERIES:--"Terræ filius"--Daughter pronounced
+    Dafter--Administration of the Holy Communion
+    --Love Charm from a Foal's Forehead--A
+    Scrape--"Plus occidit Gula," &c.--Anecdote of
+    Napoleon--Canonisation in the Greek Church--Binometrical
+    Verses--Dictionary of English Phrases
+    --Lines on Woman--Collections for Poor Slaves--
+    The Earl of Oxford and the Creation of Peers--
+    "Like one who wakes," &c.                                  292
+
+    MINOR QUERIES WITH ANSWERS:--Glossarial Queries
+    --Military Knights of Windsor--"Elijah's Mantle"           294
+
+  REPLIES:--
+
+    Milton and Malatesti, by S. W. Singer                      295
+    Attainment of Majority                                     296
+    John Frewen                                                296
+    "Voiding Knife," "Voider," and "Alms-Basket," by
+    W. Chaffers                                                297
+    The Letter "h" in Humble                                   298
+    School Libraries, by Mackenzie Walcott, M.A., &c.          298
+    Dr. John Taylor                                            299
+    Portrait of Sir Anthony Wingfield, by John Wodderspoon,
+    &c.                                                        299
+    Barnacles                                                  300
+
+    PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE:--Precision in Photographic
+    Processes--Tent for Collodion--Mr.
+    Sisson's Developing Solution--Mr. Stewart's Pantograph     301
+
+    REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES:--George Browne of
+    Shefford--Wheale--Sir Arthur Aston--"A Mockery,"
+    &c.--Norman of Winster--Arms of the See of
+    York--Roger Wilbraham Esq.'s, Cheshire Collection
+    --Pierrepont--Passage in Bacon--Monumental Inscription
+    in Peterborough Cathedral--Lord North--
+    Land of Green Ginger--Sheer, and Shear Hulk--
+    Serpent with a Human Head--"When the maggot
+    bites"--Definition of a Proverb--Gilbert White
+    of Selborne, &c.                                           301
+
+  MISCELLANEOUS:--
+
+    Notes on Books, &c.                                        306
+    Books and Odd Volumes wanted                               306
+    Notices to Correspondents                                  306
+    Advertisements                                             307
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Notes.
+
+EXTINCT VOLCANOS AND MOUNTAINS OF GOLD IN SCOTLAND.
+
+It is by some supposed that the Hill of Noth, in the parish of Rhynie,
+Aberdeenshire, had at one time been a volcano in full operation: others,
+again, maintain that the scoria found on and in the neighbourhood are
+portions of a vitrified fort, which had at one time stood on its summit. I
+am not aware that the matter has been investigated since our advancement in
+the science of geology has enabled us to have a more intimate knowledge of
+these things than formerly. The last statistical account of Scotland has
+suffered severely in its Aberdeenshire volume, in consequence of the
+temporary deposition of the "seven Strathbogie clergymen." The accounts of
+their several parishes were written by parties only newly come to reside in
+them, and who appear to have taken little interest in it; and Rhynie is one
+of these. Those who argue for its having been a volcano, say that it is
+very possible that there may at one time have been an electric or magnetic
+chain connecting it with subterranean fire in some other quarter of the
+world; and that by some convulsion of nature, the spinal cord of its
+existence had been broken, and life became extinct. This hypothesis has
+been acted on, in accounting for the earthquakes which occur at Comrie in
+Perthshire. The great storm which devastated the princely estates of Earl
+Goodwin in Kent (circa anno 1098), and now so well known to mariners as the
+Goodwin Sands, is also said to have laid waste the parish of Forvie, in
+Aberdeenshire. On the occasion of the great earthquake at Lisbon in 1755, a
+flock of sheep were drowned in their cot in the neighbourhood of
+Lossiemouth, near Elgin, by the overflowing of the tide, although far
+removed from ordinary high-water-mark. Assuming this mountain to have been
+a volcano, are there any others in Great Britain? While on the subject of
+mountains in that quarter, there is another which also demands attention
+for quite a different reason, the Hill of Dun-o-Deer, in the parish of
+Insch: a conical hill of no great elevation, on the top of which stand the
+remains of a vitrified fort {286} or castle, said to have been built by
+King Gregory about the year 880, and was used by that monarch as a
+hunting-seat and where, combining business with pleasure, he is said to
+have meted out even-handed justice to his subjects in the Garioch. It has
+long been the popular belief that this hill contains gold; and that the
+teeth of sheep fed on it assume a yellower tinge, and also that their fat
+is of the same colour. Notwithstanding this, no attempt at scientific
+investigation has ever been made. The operations on the line of the Great
+North of Scotland Railway, now in progress in the immediate neighbourhood,
+may possibly bring something to light. This line passes for many miles
+through a country particularly rich in recollections of the "olden
+time"--cairns, camps, old chapels, druidical circles, sculptured stones,
+&c. and where ancient coins, battle-axes of all the three periods, urns and
+elf-arrow heads, Roman armour, &c., have been disinterred by the ordinary
+labours of the field. Within a short distance of its route lies the Hill of
+Barra, where the famous battle was fought, anno 1308, between the "Bruce"
+and the "Comyn;" the Bass at Inverary, the Hill of Benachie, with the
+remains of a fortification on its summit, said to have been erected by the
+Picts; the field of Harlaw, famed in song, where the battle was fought in
+1411, in which Donald of the Isles was defeated. There are many traditional
+ballads and stories relating to Benachie and Noth. There is a ballad called
+"John O'Benachie" and another, "John O'Rhynie, or Jock O'Noth" and they do
+not appear in any collection of ancient ballads I have seen. It is said
+that long "before King Robert rang," two giants inhabited these mountains,
+and are supposed to be the respective heroes of the two ballads. These two
+sons of Anak appear to have lived on pretty friendly terms, and to have
+enjoyed a social crack together, each at his own residence, although
+distant some ten or twelve miles. These worthies had another amusement,
+that of throwing stones at each other; not small pebbles you may believe,
+but large boulders. On one occasion, however, there appears to have been a
+coolness between them; for one morning, as he of Noth was returning from a
+foraging excursion in the district of Buchan, his friend of Benachie, not
+relishing what he considered an intrusion on his legitimate beat, took up a
+large stone and threw at him as he was passing. Noth, on hearing it
+rebounding, coolly turned round, and putting himself in a posture of
+defence, received the ponderous mass on the sole of his foot: and I believe
+that the stone, with a deeply indented foot-mark on it, is, like the bricks
+in Jack Cade's chimney, "alive at this day to testify." Legendary lore and
+fabulous ballads aside, it would indeed be strange if something interesting
+to the antiquary does not turn up in such a mine as this. It is curious,
+however, that in all the operations antecedent to covering Great Britain
+with, as it were, a network of iron, so very few discoveries should have
+been made of any importance, either to the antiquary or geologist.
+
+ABREDONENSIS.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+THOMAS BLOUNT, AUTHOR OF "FRAGMENTA ANTIQUITATIS," ETC.
+
+Being on a visit to some friends on the confines of the county of Salop,
+bordering on Herefordshire, I took the opportunity long cherished of
+visiting the spot where lie the remains of the author of _Boscobel;
+Fragmenta Antiquitatis, or Ancient Tenures of Land, and Jocular Customs of
+Manors, &c._, and copied the following inscription from his monument, in
+the chancel of the ancient church of Orleton in the latter county. I
+believe it has never been published; and although neither Note nor Query is
+connected with it, it may serve to fill up a corner in your valuable
+miscellany, and thus preserve from the oblivion of a retired country
+church, a memorial of one well known to the antiquarian world of
+literature. It is on a brass plate inserted in a stone monument against the
+wall of the chancel:
+
+                   "D.O.M.
+          Hic seminatur Corpus Animale
+            Spiritale resurrecturum
+                  THOMÆ BLOUNT.
+    De Orleton in agro Herefordiensi Armigeri,
+        Ex interiori Templo Londini J Cti.
+        Viri priscis Moribus avitæ Fidei,
+        Vitæ integerrimæ, Pietatis solidæ,
+  Fidelitatem, Dilectionem, Amorem, Charitatem,
+      In Principem, Suos, Amicos, Omnes,
+              Illibate coluit.
+                Uxorem duxit
+                    Annam
+      Filiam Eadmundi Church Armigeri
+          E Maldoniâ East Saxonum.
+            Unicâ Corporis prole.
+                (Elizabetha)
+              Mentis multiplici
+            (Libris utilissimis)
+      Familiam propagavit, perennavit Famam.
+  Requiem, Lector, si fas ducis, huic apprecare
+                Et melior abi.
+      Obiit Decembris 26, 1679. Ætatis 61.
+                   ----
+            Pientissima Coniunx
+                  moerens
+                  Posuit."
+
+The village of Orleton is celebrated for a very large annual fair, which
+occurs on April 23; and a saying is connected therewith: "That the cuckoo
+always comes on Orleton fair-day;" which has doubtless arisen from the
+circumstance, that this "messenger of spring" generally arrives in this
+country by that day.
+
+J. B. WHITBORNE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+{287}
+
+"GIVE HIM A ROLL."--A PLEA FOR THE HORSE.
+
+We learn, from the comedy of the _The Clouds_, that the Athenians were
+accustomed to refresh their horses after a race by allowing then to roll on
+the ground; for Pheidippides, the wild young man of the play, who spent
+much of his own time and of his father's money on the "turf," and who is
+shown in the opening scene fast asleep in bed, dreaming of his favourite
+amusement, says very quietly,
+
+    "[Greek: Apage ton hippon exalisas oikade] [32]--
+
+an order which he had probably often given to his groom at the Hippodrome,
+the Newmarket or Ascot of Athens.
+
+I have often seen racing, I have often seen hunters brought home after a
+hard day's work, and I have read of forced marches, &c. made by cavalry and
+artillery; but never yet have I heard of an English Houyhnhnm, either at
+home or abroad, who was invited to refresh himself after his labours, civil
+or military, classically, with a _roll_.
+
+Dobbin, that four-footed Ofellus,
+
+    "Rusticus, abnormis sapiens, crassâque Minervâ,"
+
+whenever he has the luck to spend his summer Sunday's _otium cum dignitate_
+in a paddock, invariably indulges in a baker's dozen, without waiting for
+an invitation to do so, and without saying "with your leave" or "by your
+leave."
+
+They ordered this matter better in Africa some fifty years ago, and I hope
+they still continue so to order it.
+
+By one of the stipulations of the hollow Peace of Amiens, the colony of the
+Cape of Good Hope was restored by Great Britain to the Batavian Republic,
+which immediately appointed Mr. J. A. de Mist its Commissary-General, and
+despatched him to receive the ceded territory from the hands of the
+English, to instal the new Governor, General J. W. Janssens, into his high
+office, and to reorganise the constitution of the colony.
+
+Having fulfilled these duties, Mr. De Mist determined to make a tour of
+inspection, and he accordingly travelled _on horseback_ nearly 4500 English
+miles through the interior. Among his suite was a Dr. Lichtenstein, the
+physician and _savant_ of the party, who afterwards published an account of
+the expedition.
+
+The extract that I am about to make from his work may at first sight appear
+unnecessarily long; but I wish the "courteous reader" to bear in mind that
+I do not cite it for the sake of parading a long rambling comment on five
+short words of Aristophanes, but for that of bringing forward additional
+evidence, to prove that a dry roll may occasionally be of as much service
+in recruiting the strength and spirits of that noble animal, the horse,
+when jaded by violent exertion or long-protracted toil, as our English
+nostrums, a warm mash or a bottle of water. Dr. Lichtenstein says,--
+
+    "Our road led us soon again over the Vogel river and here we were
+    obliged to supply ourselves with water for the whole day, since not a
+    drop was to be met with again till the Melk river, a distance of ten
+    hours [ = 50 English miles]. When we had filled our vessels, and our
+    cattle had drunk plentifully, we proceeded on our way.
+
+    "It is difficult for an European to form an idea of the hardships that
+    are to be encountered in a journey over such a dry plain at the hottest
+    season of the year. All vegetation seems utterly destroyed; not a blade
+    of grass, not a green leaf, is anywhere to be seen; and the soil, a
+    stiff loam, reflects back the heat of the sun with redoubled force; a
+    man may congratulate himself that, being on horseback, he is raised
+    some feet above it. Nor is any rest from these fatigues to be thought
+    of, since to stop where there is neither shade, water, or grass, would
+    be only to increase the evil, rather than to diminish it.
+
+    "Yet the African horses are so well accustomed to hardships, although
+    they have in fact much less innate strength than the European, that it
+    is incredible what a length of way they will go, in the most intense
+    heat, without either food or drink. It is, however, customary for the
+    riders to dismount at intervals, when the saddles are taken off, and
+    the animals are suffered to roll upon the ground and stretch out their
+    limbs for a short time. This they do with evident delight, and after
+    they have well rolled, stretched, and shaken themselves, they rise up
+    and go on as much refreshed as if they had had food and drink given
+    them. On arriving at a farm, the invitation of the host, who comes
+    immediately to the door, is, 'Get off, Sir, and let him roll.' A slave
+    then appears, takes the horse, and leads him backwards and forwards for
+    a few minutes, to recover his breath, and he is then unsaddled and left
+    to roll.
+
+    "These rollings were then the only refreshment we could offer our
+    horses, and both they and their riders were, when towards evening they
+    arrived at the Melk river, exceedingly exhausted."--_Travels in
+    Southern Africa in the Years 1803-1806_. By Henry Lichtenstein, Doctor
+    in Medicine and Philosophy, &c. &c. Translated from the original German
+    by Anne Plumptre: London, Henry Colburn, 1812; vol. i. chap. xxv.
+
+C. FORBES.
+
+Temple.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+DREAM TESTIMONY.
+
+On Saturday the 30th of July, 1853, the dead body of a young woman was
+discovered in a field at Littleport, in the Isle of Ely. The body has not
+yet been identified, and there can be little doubt that the young woman was
+murdered. At the adjourned inquest, held on the 29th of August, before Mr.
+William Marshall, one of the coroners for the isle, the following
+extraordinary evidence was given:
+
+    "James Jessop, an elderly, respectable-looking labourer, with a face of
+    the most perfect stolidity, and {288} who possessed a most
+    curiously-shaped skull, broad and flat at the top, and projecting
+    greatly on each side over the ears, deposed: 'I live about a furlong
+    and a half from where the body was found. I have seen the body of the
+    deceased. I had never seen her before her death. On the night of
+    Friday, the 29th of July, I dreamt three successive times that I heard
+    the cry of murder issuing from near the bottom of a close called Little
+    Ditchment Close (the place where the body was found). The first time I
+    dreamt I heard the cry it woke me. I fell asleep again, and dreamt the
+    same again. I then woke again, and told my wife. I could not rest; but
+    I dreamt it again after that. I got up between four and five o'clock,
+    but I did not go down to the close, the wheat and barley in which have
+    since been cut. I dreamt once, about twenty years ago, that I saw a
+    woman hanging in a barn, and on passing the next morning the barn which
+    appeared to me in my dream I entered, and did find a woman there
+    hanging, and cut her down just in time to save her life. I never told
+    my wife I heard any cries of murder, but I have mentioned it to several
+    persons since. I saw the body on the Saturday it was found. I did not
+    mention my dream to any one till a day or two after that. I saw the
+    field distinctly in my dream and the trees thereon, but I saw no person
+    in it. On the night of the murder the wind lay from that spot to my
+    house.'
+
+    "Rhoda Jessop, wife of the last witness, stated that her husband
+    related his dreams to her on the evening of the day the body was
+    found."
+
+In Mr. John Hill Burton's _Narratives from Criminal Trials in Scotland_, is
+a chapter entitled "Spectral and Dream Testimony," to which the above
+evidence will be a curious addition.
+
+C. H. COOPER.
+
+Cambridge.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+SHAKSPEARE CORRESPONDENCE.
+
+_"Priam's six-gated city," &c._--In the prologue to Troilus and Cressida
+occurs--
+
+ "    .    .    .    Priam's six-gated city,
+  Dardan and Tymbria, Ilias, Chetas, Trojan,
+  And Antenorides, with massy staples,
+  And corresponsive and fulfilling bolts."
+
+What struck me here was the omission of the only gate of Troy really known
+to fame, _the Scæan_, which looked on the tomb of the founder Laomedon;
+before which stood Hector, "full and fixed," awaiting the fatal onslaught
+of Achilles; where Achilles, in turn, received his death-wound from the
+shaft of Paris; and through which, finally, the wooden horse was
+triumphantly conveyed into the doomed city.
+
+The six names are shown to be taken by Shakspeare in part from Caxton, and
+in part from Lydgate: and in Knight's edition we are told that they are
+"pure inventions of the middle age of romance-writers."
+
+Let us examine this assertion. The names are to be found pretty nearly as
+above, but with one important difference, in Dares' _History of the Trojan
+War_. My authority is Ruæus, the Delphine editor of Virgil (see his note at
+_Æn._ II. 612.). Now Dares (perhaps the oldest of the profane writers whom
+we know) was a Phrygian, who took part in the Trojan war, and wrote its
+history in Greek: and the Greek original was still extant in the time of
+Ælian, from A.D. 80 to 140. Of this, now lost, a Latin translation still
+survives, by some attributed to Cornelius Nepos, and by some regarded as
+spurious; but, either way, its date must be long antecedent to "the middle
+age of romance-writers." It was doubtless from this Latin history that
+Caxton or Lydgate, or both, derived directly or indirectly the names they
+adopted; and yet it is to be noted that they give respectively the names of
+_Chetas_ and _Cetheas_ to one of their gates, and omit the well-known
+_Scæan_, which Dares expressly mentions; for I presume that no principle of
+philology will sanction the identification of _Scæan_ with either of the
+terms used by these two writers.
+
+I have trespassed somewhat on your space, but let me hope the subject may
+be farther elucidated. The points I wish to put forward are, Shakspeare's
+omission of the Scæan gate, and the proposition by Knight (for a
+proposition it is, though in a participular form), that these six names are
+"pure inventions of the middle age of romance-writers."
+
+W. T. M.
+
+Hong Kong.
+
+_On the Word "delighted" in "Measure for Measure," &c._ (Vol. viii., p.
+241.).--Inasmuch as the controversy respecting this word seems to be over,
+and no one of the critics and commentators on Shakspeare's text appears to
+have the slightest clue to the real meaning and derivation, I will
+enlighten them. But, first, I must say, I am surprised that DR. KENNEDY
+should (though he has certainly hit on the right meaning) be unable to give
+a better account of the word than that in Vol. ii., pp. 139. 250. And as to
+the passage quoted (Vol. ii., p. 200) by MR. SINGER from Sidney's
+_Arcadia_, I beg to inform him that the word _delight_, which occurs
+therein, is a misprint for _daylight_!
+
+We find, in the Latin, the substantive _deliciæ_, delight, pleasure,
+enjoyment; and the adjective (derived from the same root, and _guiding us
+to the original meaning of the substantive_) _delicatus_, which amongst
+other meanings, has that of tender, soft, gentle, delicate, dainty.
+
+As the early English scholars were not very particular about the _form_ of
+the words they introduced from the Latin, or indeed of those which were
+purely English, for they changed them at their pleasure,--and that this is
+the case, I presume no one at all versed in the literature of the time of
+Henry VIII. will dispute,--it requires no great exertion of fancy to
+believe, that, finding {289} the substantive _deliciæ_ Englished _delight_,
+they rendered the adjective _delicatus_ delighted. The _fact_ that they
+_did_ use the words _delight_ and _delicate_ as synonymous, is proved by a
+passage in "a boke named the _Gouernour_ deuised by Syr Thomas Elyot,
+Knyght, Londini, 1557;" in which, at folio 203., p. 1., we find Titus, the
+son of Vespasian, who was ordinarily termed "the delight of mankind,"
+called "the delicate of the world."
+
+We are therefore to conclude that the words _delicate_ and _delighted_ were
+used indifferently by writers of the age of Shakspeare, as well as by those
+previous to him, to express the same thing; and that by the phrase
+"delighted spirit" in _Measure for Measure_, "delighted beauty" in
+_Othello_, "delighted gifts" in _Cymbeline_, we are to understand,
+exquisitely tender, delicate, or precious.
+
+I cannot agree with DR. KENNEDY that _deliciæ_, _delicatus_ come from
+_deligere_ rather than _delicere_; since, if my memory does not deceive me,
+the former is as often, if not oftener, used by good writers to express to
+drive away, to upset, to remove from, or detach--as to select or
+choose--which is the only meaning the word has akin to _deliciæ_; whereas
+_delicere_ is actually used by one of the earlier Latin poets for to
+delight.
+
+The word _dainty_, I may inform DR. KENNEDY, is from the obsolete French
+_dein_ or _dain_, delicate; which probably came from the still older Teut.
+_deinin_, _minuta_ (vid. Schilter).
+
+H. C. K.
+
+---- Rectory, Hereford.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Minor Notes.
+
+_Epitaph from Stalbridge._--The following epitaph from the churchyard of
+Stalbridge, Dorsetshire, may perhaps be thought worthy of preservation, if
+it be not a hackneyed one:
+
+ "So fond, so young, so gentle, so sincere,
+  So loved, so early lost, may claim a tear:
+  Yet mourn not, if the life, resumed by heaven,
+  Was spent to ev'ry end for which 'twas given.
+  Could he too soon escape this world of sin?
+  Or could eternal life too soon begin?
+  Then cease his death too fondly to deplore,
+  What could the longest life have added more?"
+
+C. W. B.
+
+_Curious Extracts.--Dean Nowell--Bottled Beer._--I was somewhat hasty in
+assuming (see Vol. vii., p. 135.) that bottled beer was an unknown
+department in early times, as the following extract will show. It is from
+Fuller's _Worthies of England_, under "LANCASHIRE," the subject of the
+notice being no less a person than the grave divine Alexander Nowell, dean
+of St. Paul's, author of the Catechism, whose fondness for angling is also
+commemorated by Izaak Walton. Fuller, having noticed the narrow escape
+which Nowell had from arrest by some of Bishop Bonner's emissaries in Queen
+Mary's reign, having had a hint to fly whilst fishing in the Thames,
+"whilst Nowell was catching of fishes, Bonner was catching of Nowell,"
+proceeds to say,--
+
+    "Without offence it may be remembered that, leaving a bottle of ale,
+    when fishing, in the grass, he found it some days after no bottle, but
+    a gun, such the sound at the opening thereof: and this is believed
+    (casualty is the mother of more inventions than industry[1]) the
+    original of bottled ale in England."--Nuttall's edit., vol. ii. p. 205.
+
+BALLIOLENSIS.
+
+[Footnote 1: Fuller might have quoted the Greek proverb, [Greek: Tuchê
+technês esterxe kai technê tuchês.]]
+
+_A Collection of Sentences out of some of the Writings of the Lord Bacon_
+(i. 422. edit. Montagu), with the ensuing exceptions, is taken out of the
+_Essays_, and in regular order:
+
+No. 1. p. 33. of the same volume.
+
+No. 2. p. 21.
+
+No. 3. p. 5.
+
+No. 4. p. 8.
+
+No. 51. My reference is illegible: the words are,--"Men seem neither well
+to understand their riches nor their strength: of the former they believe
+greater things than they should; and of the latter, much less. And from
+hence, certain fatal pillars have bounded the progress of learning."
+
+No. 68. pp. 173. 272. 321.
+
+No. 69. p. 185.
+
+No. 70. p. 176.
+
+No. 71. Vol. vi., p. 172. The Charge of Owen, &c.
+
+Nos. 72, 73. Vol. vii., p. 261. The Speech before the Summer Circuits,
+1617.
+
+S. Z. Z. S.
+
+_Law and Usage._--In _The Times_ of September 1, the Turkish correspondent
+writes as follows:
+
+    "Mahmoud Pasha declared in the Divan of the 17th that 'he would divorce
+    his wife, but would not advise a dishonourable peace with Russia.' This
+    is an expression of the strongest kind in use amongst the Turks."
+
+It is worth a Note that, in spite of polygamy and divorce, a common proverb
+is monogamic, and divorce is spoken of as the greatest of unlikelihoods.
+
+M.
+
+_Manichæan Games._--Take any game played by two persons, such as draughts,
+and let the play be as follows: each plays his best for himself, and
+follows it by playing the worst he can for the other. Thus, when it is the
+turn of the white to play, he first plays the white as well as he can; and
+then the black as badly (for the other player) as he can. The black then
+does the best he can with the black, and follows it by the worst he can
+{290} do for the white. Of course, by separating the good and evil
+principles, four persons might play.
+
+M.
+
+_Bohn's Hoveden._--By way of expressing my sense of obligation to Mr. Bohn
+and his editors for the _Antiquarian Library_, perhaps you will suffer me
+to point out what appears to be an inaccuracy in the translation of Roger
+de Hoveden's _Annals_? At p. 123. of vol. ii., the word _Suuelle_ (as it
+appears to stand in the original text) is translated into _Swale_: but
+surely no other place is here meant than the church of St. Mary's at
+_Southwell_[2] (or _Suthwell_, _Sudwell_, _Suwell_, or _Suell_, as
+variously spelt, but never _Swale_), in Nottinghamshire.
+
+I would also notice a trifling error (perhaps only a misprint) at p. 125.;
+where we are informed in a note, that the Galilee of Durham Cathedral is at
+the _east_ end, whereas its real position is at the _west_.
+
+J. SANSOM.
+
+Oxford.
+
+[Footnote 2: The seal of the vicars of Southwell, ann. 1262, had in its
+circumference the words "Commune sigillum Vicariorum Suuell."--Vid.
+Thoroton's _Nottinghamshire, North Muskham_, ed. 1796, vol. iii. p. 156.]
+
+_Milton at Eyford House, Gloster._--In the British Museum (says Wilson in
+his description of Christ's College, Cambridge) is the original
+proclamation for Milton's appearance after the Restoration. Where was he
+secreted? I find this note in my book:--At Eyford House, Gloucestershire,
+within two miles of Stow-on-the-Wold, on the road to Cheltenham, a spring
+of beautiful water is called "Milton's Well," running into a tributary of
+the Thames. The old house, &c., at the time would be out of the way of
+common information.
+
+P. J.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Queries.
+
+EARL OF LEICESTER'S PORTRAIT, 1585.
+
+There is at Penshurst, among many other interesting memorials of the
+Dudleys, an original portrait of Elizabeth's Earl of Leicester, with the
+following painted upon it: "Robert, E. of Leicester, Stadtholder of
+Holland, A.D. 1585." After this comes the ragged staff, but without its
+usual accompaniment, the bear. Under the staff follow these enigmatical
+lines, which I request any of your correspondents to translate and explain.
+I send you a translation in rhyme; I should thank them the more if they
+would do the same: as to explanation, the longer the better.
+
+
+ "Principis hic Baculus, patriæ columenque, decusque,
+  Hoc uno, ingratos quo beet, ipse miser."
+
+  This ragged staff by Leicester's potent hand,
+  Brought succour, safety, to this threaten'd land:
+  One thing alone embitters every thought,
+  He to ungrateful men these blessings brought.
+
+Now for a word of commentary: and first as to "Stadtholder of Holland, A.D.
+1585." The good woman who showed the picture informed us that it was
+painted by order of the stadtholder, and presented to Leicester; if so,
+there would have been a _jussu provinciarum foederatarum depictus_, or
+something of that sort; but no such compliment was to be expected from the
+Dutch, for they hated him, complained of his conduct, memorialised the
+queen against him: see the pamphlets in the British Museum, 4to. 1587, C.
+32. a. 2. But though it was most unlikely that the Dutch or their
+stadtholder should have presented this picture to Leicester, it well
+accorded with Leicester's vanity and presumption, and still more with that
+vanity and presumption as displayed in his conduct as commander-in-chief of
+the forces in Holland, to call himself _The Stadtholder_, and to order his
+painter to put that title under his portrait.
+
+The verses may now be referred to in support of this view of the subject.
+Leicester therein represents himself as unhappy, because he had bestowed
+blessings on the ungrateful Dutch.
+
+In conclusion, take the following full-length portrait of Leicester's
+indignation (_Leicester, a Belgis vituperatus, loquitur_):
+
+ "This ragged staff my resolution shows,
+  To save my Queen and Holland from their foes:
+  Still deeply seated in my heart remains
+  One cause, one fruitful cause, of all my pains;
+ 'Tis base ingratitude--'tis Holland's hate.
+  My presence sav'd that country, chang'd its fate.
+  But the base pedlars gain'd my sov'reign's ear,
+  And at my counsels and my courage sneer;
+  They call me tyrant, breaker of my word,
+  Fond of a warrior's garb without his sword.
+  A servile courtier, saucy cavalier,
+  Bold as a lion when no danger's near,
+  They say I seek their country for myself,
+  To fill my bursting bags with plunder'd pelf;
+  They say with goose's, not with eagle's wing,
+  I wish to soar, and make myself a king.
+  Dutchmen! to you I came, I saw, I sav'd:
+  Where'er my staff, my bear, my banner wav'd,
+  The daunted Spaniard fled without a blow,
+  And bloodless chaplets crown'd my conquering brow.
+  Dutchmen! with minds more stagnant than your pools,
+  (But in reproachful words more knaves than fools),
+  You will not see, nor own the debt you owe
+  To him who conquers a retreating foe.
+  Such base ingratitude as this alloys
+  My triumph's glory, and my bosom's joys."
+
+V. T.
+
+Tunbridge Wells.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+{291}
+
+EARLY USE OF TIN.
+
+Mr. Layard, in his work upon Nineveh and Babylon, in reference to the
+articles of bronze from Assyria now in the British Museum, states, that the
+_tin_ used in the composition was probably obtained from Phoenicia; and,
+consequently, that _that_ used in the Assyrian bronze may actually have
+been _exported_ nearly _three thousand_ years ago from the British Isles.
+
+The Assyrians appear to have made an extensive use of this metal; and the
+degree of perfection which the making of bronze had then reached, clearly
+shows that they must have been long experienced in the use of it. _They_
+appear to have received what they used from the Phoenicians. _When_ and _by
+whom_ was tin first discovered in our island? Were the _Celtic tribes_
+acquainted with it _previously_ to the arrival of the Phoenicians upon our
+shores?
+
+It is said that the Phoenicians were indebted to the Tyrian Hercules for
+their trade in tin; and that this island owed them its name of _Baratanac_,
+or Britain, the land of tin. Was the _Tyrian Hercules_, or, as he was
+afterwards known and worshipped, as the Melkart of Tyre, and the Moloch of
+the Bible, was _he_ the _merchant-leader_ of the first band of Phoenicians
+who visited this island? _When_ did _he_ live?
+
+G. W.
+
+Stansted, Montfichet.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ST. PATRICK--MAUNE AND MAN.
+
+Amongst the many strange derivations given of the name of Mona or Man (the
+island), I find one in an old unpublished MS. by an unknown author, of the
+date about 1658, noticed by Feltham (_Tour through the Isle of Man_, p.
+8.), on which I venture to ground a Query. The name of the island is there
+said to have been derived from Maune, the name of the great apostle of the
+Mann, before he received that of Patricius from Pope Celestine.
+
+Now if St. Patrick ever had the name Maune, he could not have given it to
+the island, which was called Mona, Monabia, and Menavia, as far back as the
+days of Cæsar, Tacitus, and Pliny. I have not access to any life of St.
+Patrick in which the name Maune occurs; but in the _Penny Cyclopædia_,
+under the head "Patrick," I find it said, "According to Nennius, St.
+Patrick's original name was Maur," and I find the same stated in Rose's
+_Biographical Dictionary_. But the article in the latter is evidently taken
+from the former, and I suspect the Mau_r_ may in both be a misprint for
+Mau_n_.[3] Can "N. & Q." set me right, or give me any information likely to
+solve the difficulty?
+
+I may as well notice here that amongst the many ways in which the name of
+this island has been pronounced and spelt, that of _Maun_ seems to have
+prevailed at the period of the Norwegian occupation. On a Runic monument at
+Kirk Michael, we have it very distinctly so spelt.
+
+With regard to the name Mona, applied both to Man and Anglesea, I have
+little doubt we may find its root in the Sanscrit _man_, to know, worship,
+&c., whence we have Manu the son of Brahma, Menu, Menes, Minos, Moonshee,
+and Monk. The name Mona would seem to have been applied to both islands, as
+being specially the habitation of the Druids, whose name probably came
+either from the Celtic _Trow-wys_, wisemen, or the Saxon _dru_, a
+soothsayer, very close in signification to the Sanscrit _mooni_, a holy
+sage, learned person. As connected with this idea I may ground another
+Query: Might not these two Monas, the abode of piety and wisdom, be the
+true, [Greek: makarôn nêsoi], the _Fortunatæ Insulæ_ of the ancients?
+
+J. G. CUMMING.
+
+Castletown.
+
+[Footnote 3: In _Monumenta Historica Britannica_ the passage reads "Quia
+_Maun_ prius vocabatur." In a note from another MS. the word is spelt
+_Mauun_.--ED.]
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+PASSAGE IN BINGHAM.
+
+MR. RICHARD BINGHAM, whose new and improved edition of his ancestor's works
+is now printing at the Oxford University Press, would feel sincerely
+obliged to any literary friend who should become instrumental in
+discovering the following passage from one of the sermons of Augustine:
+
+    "Non mirari debetis, fratres carissimi, quod inter ipsa mysteria de
+    mysteriis nihil diximus, quod non statim ea, quæ tradidimus,
+    interpretati sumus. Adhibuimus enim tam sanctis rebus atque divinis
+    honorem silentii."
+
+Joseph Bingham (b. x. ch. v. s. 11.) cites those words as from "Serm. I.,
+inter 40. a Sirmondo editos," which corresponds with Serm. V. according to
+the Benedictine edition, Paris, 1689--1700, tom. v. p. 28.; but no such
+words occur in that sermon. The passage is daggered by Grishovius, who
+first gave the citations at length; neither has MR. R. BINGHAM hitherto
+been able to meet with it, though a great many similar desiderata in former
+editions he has discovered and corrected.
+
+An answer through "N. & Q." will oblige; still more so if sent direct to
+his present address, 57. Gloucester Place, Portman Square, London.
+
+MR. BINGHAM would also be glad to be informed where Athanasius uses the
+term [Greek: diakonos], generally for any minister of the church, whether
+deacon, presbyter, or bishop? Joseph Bingham (b. ii. ch. xx. s. 1.) cites
+the tract _Contra Gentes_, but the expression is not there.
+
+{292}
+
+The earlier a reply comes the more acceptable will it be.
+
+57. Gloucester Place, Portman Square.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Minor Queries.
+
+_"Terræ filius."_--When was the last "Terræ filius" spoken at Oxford; and
+what was the origin of the name?
+
+W. FRASER.
+
+Tor-Mohun.
+
+_Daughter pronounced Dafter._--In the Verney Papers lately printed by the
+Camden Society is a letter from a Mistress Wiseman, in which she spells
+_daughter_ "daftere." It is evident that she pronounced the _-augh_ as we
+do in laughter. Is this pronunciation known to prevail anywhere at the
+present day?
+
+C. W. G.
+
+_Administration of the Holy Communion._--Which side, _north_ or _south_, is
+the more correct for the priest to commence administering the Holy
+Sacrament of the Lord's Supper? Give the authority or reasons in support of
+your opinion. I cannot find any allusion in Hook's _Church Dictionary_, or
+in Wheatly's _Common Prayer_; and I have seen some clergymen begin one end,
+some the other.
+
+CLERICUS (A.).
+
+_Love Charm from a Foal's Forehead._--I have searched some time, but in
+vain, in order to find out what the _lump_ or _love charm_, taken out of a
+foal's forehead, was called. Virgil mentions it in _Æneid_, lib. iv. 515.,
+where Dido is preparing her funeral pile, &c.:
+
+ "Quæritur et nascentis equi de fronte revulsus,
+  Et matri præreptus, _amor_."
+
+Tacitus also makes mention of it continually. I have no doubt but that
+through your interesting and learned columns I shall obtain an answer. It
+was not _philtrum_.
+
+H. P.
+
+_A Scrape._--What is the origin of the expression "Getting into a scrape?"
+
+Y. B. N. J.
+
+_"Plus occidit Gula," &c._--Can any of your correspondents direct me where
+the following passage is to be found?--
+
+ "Plus occidit gula, quam gladius."
+
+T.
+
+_Anecdote of Napoleon._--I remember to have heard of a young lady, one of
+the _detenus_ in France after the Peace of Amiens, having obtained her
+liberation through a very affecting copy of verses of her composition,
+which, by some means, came under the notice of Napoleon. The Emperor was so
+struck with the strain of this lament, that he forwarded passports, with an
+order for the immediate liberation of the fair writer. Can any of your
+correspondents verify this anecdote, and supply a copy of the verses?
+
+BALLIOLENSIS.
+
+_Canonisation in the Greek Church._--Does the Greek Church ever now
+canonise, or add the names of the saints to the Calendar?
+
+If so, by whom is the ceremony performed?
+
+ANTONY CLOSE.
+
+Woodhouse Eaves.
+
+_Binometrical Verses._--Who made the following verse?--
+
+ "Quando nigrescit nox, rem latro patrat atrox."
+
+It is either hexameter or pentameter, according to the scansion?
+
+C. MANSFIELD INGLEBY.
+
+Birmingham.
+
+_Dictionary of English Phrases._--Is there in English any good dictionary
+of phrases similar to the excellent _Frasologia Italiana_ of P. Daniele?
+
+G. K.
+
+_Lines on Woman._--W. V. will be glad to know if any of the correspondents
+of "N. & Q." can tell where the following lines are to be found?--
+
+ "Not she with traitrous kiss her master stung,
+  Not she denied him with unfaithful tongue;
+  _She_, when apostles fled, could danger brave,
+  Last at his cross, and earliest at his grave."
+
+_Collections for Poor Slaves._--I have met with the following memorandum in
+a parish register, and have seen notices of similar entries in others:
+
+    "1680. Collected for the redemption of poor slaves in Turkey, the sum
+    of 2s. 8d."
+
+Can you refer me to the king's letter authorising such collections to be
+made?
+
+W. S.
+
+Northiam.
+
+    [Some information upon this point will be found in "N. & Q.," Vol. i.,
+    p. 441.; Vol. ii., p 12.]
+
+_The Earl of Oxford and the Creation of Peers._--Where will be found the
+answer made by the Earl of Oxford when impeached in the reign of Queen Anne
+for creating in one day twelve peers?
+
+S. N.
+
+_"Like one who wakes," &c._--Can any of your readers supply the authorship
+and connexion of the following lines?--
+
+ "Like one who wakes from pleasant sleep,
+    Unto the cares of morning."
+
+C. W. B.
+
+_Bells at Berwick-upon-Tweed._--Can any one favour me with a parallel or
+similar case, in respect to bells, to what I recently met with at
+Berwick-upon-Tweed? The parish church, which is the only one in the town,
+and a mean structure of Cromwell's time, is without either tower or {293}
+bell; and the people are summoned to divine service from the belfry of the
+town-hall, which has a very respectable steeple. Indeed, so much more
+ecclesiastical in appearance is the town-hall than the Church, that (as I
+was told) a regiment of soldiers, on the first Sunday after their arrival
+at Berwick, marched to the former building for divine service, although the
+church stood opposite the barrack gate. My kind informant also told me that
+he found a strange clergyman one Sunday morning trying the town-hall door,
+and rating the absent sexton; having undertaken to preach a missionary
+sermon, and become involved in the same mistake as the soldiers.
+
+But more curious still was the news that there is a meeting-house in
+Berwick belonging to the anti-burghers, who are dissenters from the Church
+of Scotland, which has a bell, for the ringing of which, as a summons to
+worship, Barrington, Bishop of Durham, granted a licence, which still
+exists. I was not aware that bishops either had, or exercised, the power of
+licensing bells; but my informant will, I doubt not, on reading this,
+either verify or correct the statement. At the time when the bell was
+licensed, the congregation were in communion with the Church of Scotland.
+
+ALFRED GATTY.
+
+_The Keate Family, of the Hoo, Herts._--I shall be obliged to any of your
+readers for information respecting the _Sir Jonathan Keate, Bart._, of the
+Hoo, Hertfordshire, who was living in the year 1683; also for any
+particulars respecting his family? I especially desire to know what were
+his relations to the religious parties of the time, as I have in my
+possession the journal of a nonconformist minister, who was his domestic
+chaplain from 1683 to 1688.
+
+G. B. B.
+
+Cambridge.
+
+_Divining-rod._--Can any of the correspondents of "N. & Q." supply
+instances of the use of the divining-rod for finding water? I know several
+circumstances which might incline one, in these table-turning days, to
+inquire seriously whether there be any truth in the popular notion.
+
+G. W. SKYRING.
+
+_Medal and Relic of Mary Queen of Scots._--I have in my possession a medal,
+the size of a crown piece, of base metal, with perhaps some admixture of
+silver. On one side of this are the arms of Scotland with two thistles, and
+the legend--
+
+    MARIA ET HENRICUS DEI GRATIA R: ET R: SCOTORUM,
+
+and the reverse, a yew-tree with a motto of three words, of which the last
+seems to be VIRES, the date 1566, and the legend--
+
+    EXURGAT DEUS ET DISSIPANTUR INIMICI.
+
+Associated with this for a very considerable period has been a small wooden
+cross, which is said to have been made from the yew-tree under which Mary
+and Darnley had been accustomed to meet.
+
+I have been told that there is some farther tradition or superstition
+connected with these relics: if there be, I shall be glad to be informed of
+it, or of any other particulars concerning them.
+
+W. FRASER.
+
+Tor-Mohun.
+
+_Bulstrode's Portrait._--Prefixed to a copy in my possession of _Essays
+upon the following Subjects: 1. Generosity, &c._, by Whitelock Bulstrode,
+Esq., 8vo. Lond. 1724, there is a portrait of the author, bearing this note
+in MS.: "This scarce portrait has sold for 7l." It is engraved by Cole from
+a picture by Kneller, in oval with armorial bearings below, and is
+subscribed "Anno Salutis 1723, ætatis 72." I am at a loss to suppose it
+ever could have fetched the price assigned to my impression by its previous
+owner, and should feel obliged if any of your correspondents would state
+whether, from any peculiar circumstances, it may have become rare, and so
+acquired an adventitious value. It does not appear to have been known to
+Granger.
+
+While the two names are before me, I venture to inquire how the remarkable
+interchange occurred between that of _Whitelock Bulstrode_ the Essayist,
+and _Bulstrode Whitelock_ the Memorialist, of the parliamentary period. Was
+there any family connexion?
+
+BALLIOLENSIS.
+
+_The Assembly House, Kentish Town._--Can any of your antiquarian
+correspondents give me a clue as to the date, or probable date, of the
+erection of this well-known roadside public-house (I beg pardon, tavern),
+which is now being pulled down? I am desirous of obtaining some slight
+account of the old building, having just completed an etching, from a
+sketch taken as it appeared in its dismantled state. Possibly some
+anecdotes may be current regarding it. I learn from a rare little tome,
+entitled _Some Account of Kentish Town_, published at that place in 1821,
+and written, I believe, by a Mr. Elliot, that the Assembly House was
+formerly called the Black Bull. The writer of this Query asked "one of the
+oldest inhabitants," who was seated on a door-step opposite the house,
+_his_ opinion concerning its age: considering a little, the old gentleman
+seriously said he thought it might be two or three _thousand_ years at
+least! This opinion I am afraid to accept as correct, and I would therefore
+seek, through the medium of "N. & Q.," some information which may be more
+depended upon.
+
+W. B. R.
+
+Camden New Town.
+
+_Letters respecting Hougomont._--Could any reader of "N. & Q." kindly
+furnish the undersigned with certain Letters, which have recently {294}
+appeared in _The Times_, on "The Defence of Hougomont?" Such letters,
+extracted, would be of much service to him, as they are wanted for a
+specific purpose. The letters from Saturday, Sept. 10, _inclusive_, are
+_already_ obtained: but the letters on the subject previous to that date
+are wanting, and would greatly favour, if it were possible to have them,
+
+ARAN.
+
+Swillington.
+
+_Peter Lombard._--Mr. Hallam, in his _Literature of Europe_ (vol. i. p.
+128.), says, on the authority of Meiners (vol. iii. p. 11.):
+
+    "Peter Lombard, in his _Liber Sententiarum_, the systematic basis of
+    scholastic theology, introduces _many_ Greek words, and explains them
+    rightly."
+
+Having, however, examined this work for the purpose of ascertaining Peter
+Lombard's knowledge of Greek, I must, out of regard to strict truth, deny
+the statement of Meiners; for only one Greek word in Greek letters is to be
+found in the _Liber Sententiarum_, and that is [Greek: metanoia]: and so
+far frown Peter explaining this word rightly, he says, 'Poenitentia dicitur
+a puniendo" (lib. IV. dist. xiv.); an etymological notion which caused
+Luther to think wrongly of the nature of repentance, till he learnt the
+meaning of the Greek word, which he received with joy as the solution of
+one of his greatest difficulties in Romanism. I do not consider the
+introduction of such Latinized church words as _ecclesia_, _episcopus_,
+_presbyter_, or even _homoöusius_, as evincing any knowledge of Greek on
+the part of Peter Lombard, wherein he appears to have been lamentably
+deficient, as the great teacher and authority for centuries in Christian
+dogmatics. Your correspondents will greatly oblige me by showing anything
+to the contrary of my charge against Peter Lombard of being ignorant of
+Greek.
+
+T. J. BUCKTON.
+
+Birmingham.
+
+_Life of Savigny._--Is there in French or English any life or memoir of
+Savigny?
+
+C. H.
+
+_Picture by Hogarth._--Some years since a gentleman purchased at Bath the
+first sketch of a picture said to be by Hogarth, of "Fortune distributing
+her favours." Shortly afterwards a gentleman called on the purchaser of it,
+and mentioned to him that he knew the finished painting, and that it was in
+the panelling of some house with which he was acquainted.
+
+I am desirous of finding out for the family of the purchaser, who died
+recently, 1st, whether there is any history that can be attached to this
+picture and 2ndly, to discover, if possible, in whose possession, and
+where, the finished painting is preserved.
+
+J. K. R. W.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Minor Queries with Answers.
+
+_Glossarial Queries._--In a Subsidy Roll of 25 Edward I., in an enumeration
+of property in the parish of Skirbeck, near Boston, Lincolnshire, upon
+which a _ninth_ was granted to the king, I find the following articles and
+their respective value. What were they?--
+
+ "3 alece, 18s.
+  1 bacell cum arment. 15s."
+
+In the taxation of _Leake_ I find--
+
+ "9 hocast[=r]. 6s."
+
+In that of _Leverton_--
+
+ "4 hocast[=r]. 4s."
+
+In _Butterwick_--
+
+ "1 pull. 12d."
+
+In _Wrangle_--
+
+ "1 stag[=g]. 2s."
+
+PISHEY THOMPSON.
+
+Stoke Newington.
+
+    [It is very desirable that in all cases Querists desirous of
+    explanations of words, phrases, or passages, should give the context.
+
+    3 _Alece_, were it not for the price, one would render "herrings;" but
+    the price, 18s., forbids such interpretation. Perhaps _alece_ is a
+    misreading for _vacce_, cows; which might well occur in a carelessly
+    written roll temp. Edward I.
+
+    1 _bacell cum arme[=n]t_. is 1 _bacellus cum armamentis_, one ass (or
+    pack-horse) with its furniture.
+
+    9 _hocast[=r]_. is 9 _pigs_. "Hogaster, porcellus."--Du Cange.
+
+    1 _pull_. (i.e. _pullulus_), 1 colt.
+
+    1 _stag[=g]_., a yearling ox.]
+
+_Military Knights of Windsor._--I shall feel obliged to any of your
+correspondents who will furnish some account, or refer me to any work in
+which notices may be found of this foundation, its statutes, mode of
+appointment, endowments, &c.? Up to the reign of William IV. they were
+known, I believe, as Poor Knights of Windsor.
+
+Y. B. N. J.
+
+    [Consult Ashmole's _History of the Order of the Garter_, pp. 99-104.,
+    edit. 1715. Among the Birch and Sloane MSS. in the British Museum are
+    the following articles: No. 4845. Statutes for the Poor Knights of
+    Windsor, 1 Eliz. Orders and rules for the establishment and good
+    government of the said thirteen poor knights. The Queen's Majestie's
+    ordinances for the continual charges. No. 4847. Articles of complaint
+    exhibited by the Poor Knights (to the Knights of the Garter) against
+    the Dean and Canons. The Dean and Canons' answer to the Poor Knights'
+    second replication. The complaint of the Poor Knights to King Richard
+    II. A petition of the Poor Knights to the king and parliament for a
+    repeal of the act of incorporation, A. 22 Edw. IV. The petition of the
+    Poor Knights of Windsor to George II., Jan. 28, 1735. This petition was
+    drawn up by Mr. Fortescue, {295} afterwards Master of the Rolls. The
+    Poor Knights' rejoinder to their former petition. The memorial of the
+    Poor Knights to John Willes, Esq., Attorney-General. Another petition
+    to J. Willes, Esq. Copy of an indenture between Queen Elizabeth and the
+    Dean and Chapter of Lands, to the value of 600l. a year and upwards,
+    for the maintenance of the Poor Knights, 1 Eliz. Orders and rules for
+    the establishment and good government of the said thirteen Poor
+    Knights. The case of the Poor Knights (printed), with several other
+    papers relating to them.]
+
+_"Elijah's Mantle."_--Who was the author of _Elijah's Mantle_? And are
+there any grounds for ascribing it to Canning?
+
+W. FRASER.
+
+Tor-Mohun.
+
+    [This poem was attributed to Canning, as noticed by Mr. Bell, in his
+    _Life of George Canning_, p. 206. He says, "Mr. Canning's reputation
+    was again put into requisition as sponsor for certain verses that
+    appeared at this time in the public journals. The best of these is a
+    piece called _Elijah's Mantle_."]
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Replies.
+
+MILTON AND MALATESTI.
+
+(Vol. ii., p. 146.; Vol. viii., p. 237.)
+
+When I gave some account of _La Tina_ of Antonio Malatesti, and its
+dedication to Milton, two years since, I was not aware that it had been
+printed, as I had no other edition of Gamba's _Serie dell' Edizioni de'
+Testi di Lingua_, than the first printed in 1812. That account was derived
+from the original MS. which formerly passed through my hands. I fear that
+my friend MR. BOLTON CORNEY will be disappointed if he should meet with a
+copy of the printed book, for the MS. contained no other dedication than
+the inscription on the title-page, of which I made a tracing. It represents
+an inscribed stone tablet, in the following arrangement:
+
+         "LA
+  Tina Equiuoci Rusticali
+  di Antonio Malatesti c[=o]-
+    posti nella sua Villa di
+  Taiano il Settembre dell'
+      L'Anno, 1637.
+
+  Sonetti Ciquanta
+  Dedicati all' Ill^{mo} Signore
+  Et Padrone Oss^{mo} Il Signor'
+  Giouanni Milton Nobil'
+        Inghilese."
+
+I copied at the time eight of these equivocal sonnets, and in my former
+notice gave one as a specimen. They are certainly very ingenious, and may
+be "graziosissimi" to an Italian ear and imagination; but I cannot think
+that the pure mind of Milton would take much delight in obscene allusions,
+however neatly wrapped up.
+
+Milton seems to have dwelt with pleasure on his intercourse with these
+witty, ingenious, and learned men, during his two-months' sojourn at
+Florence; and it is remarkable that Nicolas Heinsius has spoken of the same
+men, in much the same terms, in his dedication to Carlo Dati of the second
+book of his _Italici Componimenti_:
+
+    "Sanctum mehercules habebo semper Jo. Bapt. Donij memoriam, non tam suo
+    nomine (et si hoc quoque) aut quod Frescobaldos, Cavalcantes, Gaddios,
+    Cultellinos, alios urbis vestræ viros precipuos mihi conciliarit,
+    quorum amicitiam feci hactenus, et faciam porrò maximi, quam quod tibi
+    me conjunxerit, mi Date; cujus opera in notitiam, ac familiaritatem
+    plurimorum apud vos hominum eximiorum mox irreperem."
+
+And, after mentioning others, he adds:
+
+    "Quid de Valerio Chimentellio, homine omni literatura perpolita, dicam?
+    Quid de Joanne Pricæo? qui ingens civitati vestræ ornamentum ex ultima
+    nuper accessit Britannia."
+
+One feels some decree of disappointment at not meeting here with the name
+of Milton.
+
+Of the distinguished men mentioned by Milton, some interesting notices
+occur in that curious little volume, the _Bibliotheca Aprosiana_. Benedetto
+Buommattei and Carlo Dati are well known from their important labours; and
+of the others there are scattered notices in _Rilli Notizie degli Uomini
+Illustre Fiorentine_, and in _Salvini Fasti Consolari dell' Accademia
+Fiorentina_. I have an interesting little volume of Latin verses by Jacopo
+Gaddi, with the following title _Poetica Jacobi Gaddii Corona e Selectis
+Poematiis, Notis Allegoriis contexta_, Bononiæ, 1637, 4to.
+
+There is a good deal of ingenious and pleasing burlesque poetry extant by
+Antonio Malatesti. I have before mentioned his _Sphinx_: of this I have a
+dateless edition, apparently printed about the middle of the last century
+at Florence: the title is _La Sfinge Enimmi del Signor Antonio Malatesti_.
+Commendatory verses are prefixed by Chimentelli, Coltellini, and Galileo
+Galilei. The last, from the celebrity of the writer, may deserve the small
+space it will occupy in your pages. It is itself an enigma:
+
+     "DEL SIGNOR GALILEO GALILEI
+              SONETTO.
+  Mostro son' io più strano, e più difforme,
+  Che l'Arpià, la Sirena, o la Chimera;
+  Nè in terra, in aria, in acqua è alcuna fiera,
+  Ch' abbia di membra così varie forme.
+  Parte a parte non hô che sia conforme,
+  Più che s' una sia bianca, e l' altra nera;
+  Spesso di Cacciator dietro hô una schiera,
+  Che de' miei piè van ritracciando l' orme.
+  Nelle tenebre oscure è il mio soggiorno;
+  Che se dall' ombre al chiaro lume passo,
+  Tosto l' alma da me sen fugge, come
+  Sen fugge il sogno all' apparir del giorno,
+  E le mie membra disunito lasso,
+  E l' esser perdo con la vita, è l nome."
+
+{296}
+
+Three more sonnets by this illustrious man are printed by Salvini in his
+_Fasti_, of which he says:
+
+    "I quali esendo parto di si gran mente, mi concederà la gloria il
+    benigno lettore, che io, ad honore della Toscana Poesia, gli esponga il
+    primo alla publica luce."
+
+Dr. Fellowes was not singular in confounding Dati and Deodati; it has been
+done by Fenton and others: but that Dr. Symmons, in his _Life of Milton_
+(p. 133.), should transform _La Tina_ into a _wine-press_, is ludicrously
+amusing. _La Tina_ is the rustic mistress to whom the sonnets are supposed
+to be addressed; and every one knows that _rusticale_ and _contadinesca_ is
+that naïve and pleasing rustic style in which the Florentine poets
+delighted, from the expressive nature of the patois of the Tuscan
+peasantry; and it might have been said of Malatesti's sonnets, as of
+another rustic poet:
+
+ "Ipsa Venus lætos jam nunc migravit in agros
+    Verbaque Aratoris Rustica discit Amor."
+
+I may just remark that the _Clementillo_ of Milton should not be rendered
+_Clementini_, but _Chimentelli_. As Rolli tells us,--
+
+    "Clementillus fu quel Dottore _Valerio Chimentelli_ di cui leggesi una
+    vaghissima Cicalata nel sesto volume delle Prose Fiorentine."
+
+S. W. SINGER.
+
+Mickleham.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ATTAINMENT OF MAJORITY.
+
+(Vol. viii., pp. 198. 250.)
+
+I greatly regret that there should be anything in the matter or manner of
+my Query on this subject to induce MR. DE MORGAN to reply to it more as if
+repelling an offence, than assisting in the investigation of an interesting
+question on a subject with which he is supposed to be especially
+conversant. I can assure him that I had no other object in writing _ninth_
+numerically instead of literally, or in omitting the words he has restored
+in brackets, or in italicising two words to which I wished my question more
+particularly to refer, than that of economising space and avoiding needless
+repetition; and in the use of the word "usage" rather than "law," of which
+he also complains, I was perhaps unduly influenced by the title of his own
+treatise, from which I was quoting. But however I may have erred from exact
+quotation, it is manifest I did not misunderstand the sense of the passage,
+since MR. DE MORGAN now repeats its substance in these words,--
+
+    "I cannot make out that the law ever recognised a day of twenty-four
+    hours, beginning at any hour except midnight."
+
+This is clearly at direct issue with Ben Jonson, whose introduced phrases,
+"pleaded nonage," "wardship," "pupillage," &c., seem to smack too much of
+legal technology to countenance the supposition of poetic license.
+
+But had I not accidentally met with an interesting confirmation of Ben
+Jonson's law of usage, or usage of law, I should not have put forth my
+Query at all, nor presumed to address it to PROFESSOR DE MORGAN; my
+principal reason for so doing being that the interest attaching to
+discovered evidence of a forgotten usage in legal reckoning, must of course
+be increased tenfold if it should appear to have been unknown to a
+gentleman of such deep and acknowledged research into that and kindred
+subjects.
+
+In a black-letter octavo entitled _A Concordancie of Yeares_, published in
+and for the year 1615, and therefore about the very time when Ben Jonson
+was writing, I find the following in chap. xiii.:
+
+    "The day is of two sorts, natural and artificiall: the natural day is
+    the space of 24 hours, in which time the sunne is carried by the first
+    Mover, from the east into the west, and so round about the world into
+    the east againe."
+
+    "The artificiall day continues from sunne-rising to sunne-setting: and
+    the artificiall night is from the sunne's setting to his rising. And
+    you must note that this natural day, according to divers, hath divers
+    beginnings: As the Romanes count it from mid-night to mid-night,
+    because at that time our Lorde was borne, being Sunday; and so do we
+    account it for fasting dayes. The Arabians begin their day at noone,
+    and end at noone the next day; for because they say the sunne was made
+    in the meridian; and so do all astronomers account the day, because it
+    alwayes falleth at one certaine time. The Umbrians, the Tuscans, the
+    Jewes, the Athenians, Italians, and Egyptians, do begin their day at
+    sunne-set, and so do we celebrate festivall dayes. The Babylonians,
+    Persians, and Bohemians begin their day at sunne-rising, holding till
+    sunne-setting; _and so do our lawyers count it in England_."
+
+Here, at least, there can be no supposition of dramatic fiction; the book
+from which I have made this extract was written by Arthur Hopton, a
+distinguished mathematician, a scholar of Oxford, a student in the Temple;
+and the volume itself is dedicated to "The Right Honourable Sir Edward
+Coke, Knight, Lord Chiefe Justice of England," &c.
+
+A. E. B.
+
+Leeds, Sept. 10.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+JOHN FREWEN.
+
+(Vol. viii., p. 222.)
+
+He is supposed to have been the son of Richard Frewen, of Earl's Court in
+Worcestershire, and was born either at that place or in its immediate
+vicinity in the early part of the year 1558. Richard Frewen purchased the
+presentation to Northiam rectory, in Sussex, of Viscount Montague, and
+presented John Frewen to it in Nov. 1583; and {297} he continued to hold
+that living till his death, which took place at the end of April, 1628. He
+was buried in the chancel of his own church, May 2nd; and a plain stone on
+the floor, with an inscription, marks the place of his interment. He was a
+learned and pious Puritan divine, and wrote:
+
+    1. "Certaine Fruitfull Instructions and necessary Doctrine meete to
+    edify in the feare of God." 1587, 18mo.
+
+    2. "Certaine Fruitfull Instructions for the generall Cause of
+    Reformation against the Slanders of the Pope and League, &c." 1589,
+    small 4to.
+
+3. He edited and wrote the preface to--
+
+    "A Courteous Conference with the English Catholickes Romane, about the
+    Six Articles administered unto the Seminarie Priestes, wherein it is
+    apparently proved by theire own divinitie, and the principles of their
+    owne religion, that the Pope cannot depose her Majestie, or release her
+    subjects of their alleageance unto her, &c.; written by John Bishop, a
+    recusant Papist." 1598. Small 4to.
+
+    4. "Certaine Sermons on the 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 verses of the
+    Eleventh chapter of S. Paule his Epistle to the Romanes." 1612, 12mo.
+
+    5. "Certaine choise Grounds and Principles of our Christian Religion."
+    1621, 12mo.
+
+6. A large unpublished work in MS. entitled "Grounds and Principles of
+Christian Religion," left unfinished (probably age and infirmity prevented
+him from completing it): it consisted of seven books, of which two only
+(the fourth and fifth, of 95 and 98 folio pages respectively) have been
+preserved.
+
+John Frewen had three wives, and by each of the first two several children,
+of whom the following lived to grow up, viz. by Eleanor his first wife,
+(1.) Accepted Frewen, Archbp. of York; (2.) Thankful F., Purse Bearer and
+Secretary of Petitions to Lord Keeper Coventry; (3.) John F., Rector of
+Northiam; (4.) Stephen F., Alderman of the Vintry Ward, London; (5.) Mary,
+wife of John Bigg of Newcastle-upon-Tyne; (6.) Joseph F. By his second
+wife, Helen, daughter of ---- Hunt, J. F. had (7.) Benjamin, Citizen of
+London; (8.) Thomas F.; (9.) Samuel, Joseph, Thomas, and Samuel joined
+Cromwell's army for invading Ireland; and one of them (Captain Frewen) fell
+at the storming of Kilkenny; another of them died at Limerick of the
+plague, which carried off General Freton; the other (Thomas) founded a
+family at Castle Connel, near Limerick.
+
+John Frewen's _Sermons_ in 1612 are in some respects rare; but the
+following copies are extant, viz. one in the Bodleian at Oxford; one in the
+University Library at Cambridge; one in possession of Mr. Frewen at
+Brickwall, Northiam; and one sold by Kerslake of Bristol, for 7s. 6d., to
+the Rev. John Frewen Moor, of Bradfield, Berks.
+
+If R. C. WARDE, of Kidderminster, has a copy which he would dispose of, he
+may communicate with T. F., Post-office, Northiam, who would be glad to
+purchase it.
+
+J. F.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"VOIDING KNIFE," "VOIDER," AND "ALMS-BASKET."
+
+(Vol. vi., pp. 150. 280.; Vol. viii., p. 232.)
+
+In later times (the sixteenth century) the good old custom of placing an
+_alms-dish_ on the table was discontinued, and with less charitable
+intentions came the less refined custom of removing the broken victuals
+after a meal by means of a _voiding-knife_ and _voider_: the latter was a
+basket into which were swept by a large wand, usually of wood, or
+_voiding-knife_, as it was termed, all the bones and scraps left upon the
+trenchers or scattered about the table. Thus, in the old plays, _Lingua_,
+Act V. Sc. 13.: "Enter Gustus with a _voiding-knife_;" and in _A Woman
+killed with Kindness_, "Enter three or four serving men, one with a
+_voider_ and _wooden knife_ to take away."
+
+The voider was still sometimes called the _alms-basket_, and had its
+charitable uses in great and rich men's houses: one of which was to supply
+those confined in gaols for debt, and such prisoners as had no means to
+purchase any food.
+
+In Green's _Tu Quoque_, a spendthrift is cast into prison; the jailer says
+to him:
+
+    "If you have no money, you had best remove into some cheaper ward; to
+    the twopenny ward, it is likeliest to hold out with your means; or, if
+    you will, you may go into the _hole_, and there you may feed for
+    nothing."
+
+To which he replies:
+
+    "Ay, out of the _alms-basket_, where charity appears in likeness of a
+    piece of stinking fish."
+
+Even this poor allowance to the distressed prisoners passed through several
+ordeals before it came to them; and the best and most wholesome portions
+were filched from the _alms-basket_, and sold by the jailers at a low price
+to people out of the prison. In the same play it is related of a miser,
+that--
+
+    "He never saw a joint of mutton in his own house these four-and-twenty
+    years, but always cozened the poor prisoners, for he brought his
+    victuals out of the _alms-basket_."
+
+In the ordinances of Charles II. (_Ord. and Reg. Soc. Ant._ 367.), it is
+commanded--
+
+    "That no gentleman whatsoever shall send away my meat or wine from the
+    table, or out of the chamber, upon any pretence whatsoever; and that
+    the gentlemen-ushers take particular care herein, that all the meate
+    that is taken off the table upon trencher-plates be put into a basket
+    for the poore, and not undecently eaten by any servant in the roome;
+    and if any person shall presume to do otherwise, he shall be prohibited
+    {298} immediately to remaine in the chamber, or to come there again,
+    until further order."
+
+The _alms-basket_ was also called a _maund_, and those who partook of its
+contents _maunders_.
+
+W. CHAFFERS.
+
+Old Bond Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+THE LETTER "H" IN HUMBLE.
+
+(Vol. viii., p. 229.)
+
+The recent attempt to introduce a mispronunciation of the word _humble_
+should be resisted by every one who has learned the plain and simple rule
+of grammar, that "_a_ becomes _an_ before a vowel or a silent _h_." That
+the rule obtained a considerable time ago, we have only to look into the
+Book of Common Prayer to prove, where the congregation are exhorted to come
+"with an humble, lowly, penitent, and obedient heart," and I believe it
+will be admitted that the compilers of that work fully understood the right
+pronunciation.
+
+It may assist to settle the question by giving the etymology of the word
+_humble_. It is derived from the Celtic _uim_, the ground, Latin _humus_.
+_Umal_ in Celtic is humble, lowly, obedient; and the word signifies the
+bending of the mind or disposition, just as a man would kneel or become
+prostrate before a superior.
+
+FRAS. CROSSLEY.
+
+In the course of a somewhat long life I have resided in the North of
+England, in the West, and in London, upwards of twenty years each, and my
+experience is directly the reverse of that of MR. DAWSON. I have very
+rarely heard the _h_ omitted in _humble_, and when I have heard it, always
+considered a vulgarity. The _u_ at the beginning of a word is always
+aspirated. I believe the only words in which the initial _h_ is not
+pronounced are derived from the Latin. If that were the general rule,
+which, however, it is not, as in _habit_, _herb_, &c., still, where _h_
+precedes _u_, it would be pronounced according to the universal rule for
+the aspiration of _u_.
+
+E. H.
+
+_The letter "h" to be passed unsounded in those words which are of Latin
+origin._--Try it:
+
+ "Ha! 'tis a horrible hallucination
+  To grudge our hymns their halcyon harmonies,
+  When in just homage our rapt voices rise
+  To celebrate our heroes in meet fashion;
+  Whose hosts each heritage and habitation,
+  Within these realms of hospitable joy,
+  Protect securely 'gainst humiliation,
+  When hostile foes, like harpies, would annoy.
+  Habituated to the sound of _h_
+  In history and histrionic art,
+  We deem the man a homicide of speech,
+  Maiming humanity in a vital part,
+  Whose humorous hilarity would treat us,
+  In lieu of _h_, with a supposed hiatus."
+
+* *.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+SCHOOL LIBRARIES.
+
+(Vol. viii., p. 220.)
+
+I have great pleasure in removing from the mind of your correspondent an
+erroneous impression which must materially affect his good opinion of a
+school to which I am sincerely attached. He asks if in any of the public
+schools there are libraries of books giving general information accessible
+to the scholars. Now my information only refers to one, that of Eton. There
+is a library at Eton consisting of some thousand volumes, filled with books
+of all kinds, ancient and modern, valuable and valueless. It is open to the
+150 first in the school on payment of eighteen shillings per annum, and on
+their refusal the option of becoming subscribers descends to the next in
+gradation. The list, however, is never full. The money collected goes to
+the support of a librarian, and to buy pens, ink, and paper, and the
+surplus (necessarily small) to the purchase of books. The basis of the
+library is the set of Delphin classics, presented by George I. The late
+head master (now provost) has been a most munificent contributor; Prince
+Albert has also presented several valuable volumes. Whenever the Prince has
+come to Eton he has always visited the library, and taken great interest in
+its welfare; and on his last visit said to the provost that he should be
+quite ready and willing to obey the call whenever he was asked to lay the
+first stone of a museum in connexion with the library.
+
+ETONENSIS.
+
+The free grammar school at Macclesfield, Cheshire, has always had a
+library. It _did_ contain some rare volumes of the olden time; it was at
+various times more or less supported by a small payment from the scholars.
+Some years since Mr. Osborn, the then head master, solicited subscriptions
+from former pupils, and with some success. Of the present state of the
+school library I know nothing.
+
+EDWARD HAWKINS.
+
+At Winchester there are libraries for the commoners and scholars containing
+books for general reading: they are under the several charge of the
+commoner-prefects and the prefect of library, who lend them on application
+to the juniors.
+
+MACKENZIE WALCOTT, M.A.
+
+Christ's Hospital has a library such as inquired after by MR. WELD TAYLOR.
+The late Mr. Thackeray, of the Priory, Lewisham (who died about two years
+ago), bequeathed to this school his valuable library of books on general
+literature for the use of the boys. Previously to this bequest the
+collection of books was small.
+
+N.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+{299}
+
+DR. JOHN TAYLOR.
+
+(Vol. i., p. 466.)
+
+My attention has been caught by some remarks in the early volumes of your
+work upon my learned ancestor Dr. John Taylor, minister at Norwich, and
+subsequently divinity tutor at Warrington. Whatever opinion may have been
+attributed to Dr. Parr concerning Dr. Taylor, this I know, that on
+revisiting Norwich he desired my father (the Dr.'s grandson) to show him
+the house inhabited by him while he was the minister of the Octagon Chapel.
+
+Dr. Parr looked serious and solemn, and in his usual energetic manner
+pronounced, "He was a _great_ scholar."
+
+Dr. John Taylor was buried at Kirkstead[4], Lancashire, where his tomb is
+distinguished by the following simple inscription:
+
+        "Near to this place lies interr'd
+                 what was mortal of
+                 IOHN TAYLOR, D.D.
+
+                      Reader,
+        Expect no eulogium from this Stone.
+          Enquire amongst the friends of
+          LEARNING, LIBERTY, AND TRUTH;
+            These will do him justice.
+      Whilst taking his natural rest, he fell
+      asleep in JESUS, the 5th of March, 1761,
+                   Aged 66."
+
+The following inscription, in Latin, was composed by Dr. Parr for a
+monumental stone erected by grandchildren and great-grandchildren in the
+Octagon Chapel, Norwich:
+
+             "Joanni Taylor, S.T.P.
+                  Langovici nato
+          Albi ostii in agro Cumbriensi
+            bonis disciplinis instituto
+                      Norvici
+  Ad exequendum munus pastoris delecto A.D. 1733.
+             Rigoduni quo in oppido
+         Senex quotidie aliquid addiscens
+    Theologiam et philosophiam moralem docuit
+                     Mortuo
+                 Tert. non. Mart.
+               Anno Domini MDCCLXI.
+                    Ætat. LXVI.
+             Viro integro innocenti pio
+      Scriptori Græcis et Hebraicis litteris
+                   probe erudito
+          Verbi divini gravissimo interpreti
+         Religionis simplicis et incorruptæ
+              Acerrimo propugnatori
+            Nepotes ejus et pronepotes
+                In hac Capella
+        Cujus ille fundamenta olim jecerat
+          Monumentum hocce honorarium
+               Poni curaverunt."
+
+S. R.
+
+[Footnote 4: His first appointment, as minister of the Gospel, was at
+Kirkstead Chapel.]
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+PORTRAIT OF SIR ANTHONY WINGFIELD.
+
+(Vol. viii., p. 245.)
+
+It is most likely that Q., who inquired relative to a picture of Sir
+Anthony Wingfield, may occasionally meet with an engraving of this worthy,
+though the depository of the original portrait is unknown. The tale told
+Horace Walpole by the housekeeper at the house of the Nauntons at
+Letheringham, Suffolk, is not correct. Sir Anthony was a favourite of the
+monarch, and was knighted by him for his brave conduct at Terouenne and
+Tournay. A private plate of Sir Anthony exists, the original portrait from
+which it was taken being at Letheringham at the time the engraving was
+made. The position of the hand in the girdle only indicates the fashion of
+portraiture at the time, and is akin to the frequent custom of placing one
+arm a-kimbo in modern paintings.
+
+The Query of your correspondent opens a tale of despoliation perhaps
+unparalleled even in the days of iconoclastic fury, and but very
+imperfectly known.
+
+The estate of Letheringham devolved, about the middle of the last century,
+upon William Leman, Esq., who, being obliged to maintain his right against
+claimants stating they descended from a branch of the Naunton family who
+had migrated into Normandy at the end of the preceding century, was placed
+in a position of considerable difficulty to defend his occupation of the
+house and lands. I will not say by whom, but in 1770 down came the
+residence in which the author of the well-known _Fragmenta Regalia_ had
+resided, and, what is far worse, the Priory Church, which, after the
+Dissolution, was made parochial, and which was filled with tombs, effigies,
+and brasses to members of the family--Bovilles, Wingfields, and
+Nauntons--was also levelled with the ground. It was stated at the time that
+the sacred edifice had only become dilapidated from age, and that the
+parishioners were therefore obliged to do something. What _was done_,
+however, was no re-edification of the fabric, but its entire destruction,
+and the erection of a new church. Fortunately, Horace Walpole saw the
+edifice before the contractor for the new building had cast his "desiring
+eyes" upon it, and has recorded his impressions in one of his letters. More
+fortunate still, the late Mr. Gough and Mr. Nichols visited it, and the
+former employed the well-known topographical draughtsman, the late James
+Johnson of Woodbridge, Suffolk, to copy some of the effigies, which were
+afterwards engraved and inserted in the second volume of the _Sepulchral
+Monuments_. The zeal of Johnson, however, led him to preserve, by his
+minute delineation, not only _every_ monument (only two, I think, are given
+by Gough), but also the interior and exterior of the church, with the {300}
+position of the tombs. The interior view may be seen among Craven Ord's
+drawings in the library of the British Museum; and I am happy to say I
+possess Johnson's original sketches of all the monuments, and of the
+exterior of the building. A fair idea of the extent of the destruction may
+be gained by the mention of the fact, that six hundred-weight of alabaster
+effigies were beaten into powder, and sold to line water-cisterns. Some of
+the figures were rescued by the late Dr. W. Clubbe, and erected into a
+pyramid in his garden at Brandeston Vicarage, with this inscription:
+
+    "_Fuimus._ Indignant Reader, these monumental remains are not (as thou
+    mayest suppose) the ruins of Time, but were destroyed in an irruption
+    of the Goths so late in the Christian era as the year 1789. _Credite
+    posteri._"
+
+JOHN WODDERSPOON.
+
+Norwich.
+
+William Naunton, son and heir of Thomas Naunton (temp. Hen. VII.), and
+Margery, daughter and heiress of Richard Busiarde, married Elizabeth,
+daughter of Sir Anthony Wingfield. Their only child, Henry Naunton, was the
+father of two sons, viz. Robert the _secretary_ (temp. James I.), whose son
+died unmarried, and daughter, married to Paul Viscount Bayning, died
+without issue; and William Naunton (fil. 2^s). His son and heir, who
+married a Coke, had one daughter, Theophila, married to William Leman
+(ancestor of the family whose great estates are in search of an owner):
+their only issue, Theophila, married Thomas Rede, who thereby became
+possessed of Letheringham in Suffolk, and the whole of the Naunton
+property. His estates went to his son Robert, who, dying without issue in
+1822, left them much diminished to his nephew, the Rev. Robert Rede Cooper,
+second son of the Rev. Samuel Lovick Cooper and Sarah Leman, youngest
+daughter, and eventually heiress, of the above Thomas Rede. The Rev. Robert
+Rede Rede (for he assumed that name) died a few years ago possessed of
+Ashmans Park, Suff., which was independent of the Naunton property, and of
+certain heir-looms, the sole remains of the great estates of the "Nauntons
+of Letheringham," which continue in the possession of the descendants of
+that family. It is at _Ashmans_ that the portrait inquired for by your
+correspondent Q. will probably be found. Whether that estate has already
+been sold by the daughters of the late possessor (four co-heiresses) I am
+unable to say.
+
+H. C. K.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+BARNACLES.
+
+(Vol. viii., p. 223.)
+
+In reference to the article on the barnacle bird in "N. & Q." as above, I
+send you a paper which I lately put in our local journal (_The Tralee
+Chronicle_), containing a collection of notices of the curious errors and
+_gradual_ correction of them, on the subject of the barnacle. I fear it may
+be long for your columns, but don't know how to shorten it; nor can I well
+omit another amusing notice of the subject, to which, since I published it,
+an intelligent friend called my attention; it is from the _Memoirs of Lady
+Fanshaw_:--
+
+    "When we came to Calais, we met the Earl of Strafford and Sir Kenelm
+    Digby, with some others of our countrymen; we were all feasted at the
+    Governor's of the castle, and much excellent discourse passed; but, as
+    was reason, most share was Sir Kenelm Digby's, who had enlarged
+    somewhat more in extraordinary stories than might be averred, and all
+    of them passed with great applause and wonder of the French then at
+    table; but the concluding one was--that barnacles, a bird in Jersey,
+    was first a shell-fish to appearance, and from that sticking upon old
+    wood, became in time a bird. After some consideration, they unanimously
+    burst out into laughter, believing it altogether false, and, to say the
+    truth, it was the only thing true he had discoursed with them!--that
+    was his infirmity, tho' otherwise a person of most excellent parts, and
+    a very free bred gentleman."--Lady Fanshaw's _Memoirs_, pp. 72-3.
+
+A. B. R.
+
+Belmont.
+
+As a tail-piece to the curious information communicated respecting these
+strange creatures in Vol. i., pp. 117. 169. 254. 340., Vol. viii., pp. 124.
+223., may be added an advertisement, extracted from the monthly compendium
+annexed to _La Belle Assemblée_, or Bell's _Court and Fashionable
+Magazine_, for June, 1807, in the following terms:
+
+    "Wonderful natural curiosity, called the Goose Tree, Barnacle Tree, or
+    Tree bearing Geese, taken up at sea, on the 12th of January, 1807, by
+    Captain Bytheway, and was more than twenty men could raise out of the
+    water, which may be seen at the Exhibition Rooms, Spring Gardens, from
+    ten o'clock in the morning till ten at night, every day. Admission, one
+    shilling; children half-price.
+
+    "The Barnacles which form the present Exhibition, possess a neck
+    upwards of two feet in length, resembling the windpipe of a chicken;
+    each shell contains five pieces, and notwithstanding the many thousands
+    which hang to eight inches of the tree, part of the fowl may be seen
+    from each shell. Sir Robert Moxay, in the Wonders of Nature and Art,
+    speaking of this singularly curious production, says, in every shell he
+    opened he found a perfect sea-fowl, with a bill like that of a goose,
+    feet like those of water-fowl, and the feathers all plainly formed.
+
+    "The above wonderful and almost indescribable curiosity, is the only
+    exhibition of the kind in the world."
+
+[mu].
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+{301}
+
+PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE.
+
+_Precision in Photographic Processes._--I have for a long period observed,
+and been much annoyed at the circumstance, that many of your photographic
+correspondents are very remiss when they favour you with recipes for
+certain processes, in not stating the specific gravity of the articles
+used; also, in giving the quantities, in not stating if it is by weight or
+measure.
+
+To illustrate my meaning more fully, I will refer to Vol. viii., p. 252.,
+where a correspondent, in his albumen process, adds "chloride of barium, 7Œ
+dr." Now, as this article is prepared and sold both in crystals and in a
+liquid state, it would be desirable to know which of the two is meant
+before his disciples run the risk of spoiling their paper and losing their
+time.
+
+How easy would it be to prefix the letter _f_ where fluid oz., dr., or
+other quantity is meant.
+
+Trusting that this hint may in future induce your correspondents to be as
+explicit as possible on all points, believe me to be an
+
+AMATEUR PHOTOGRAPHER.
+
+_Tent for Collodion._--As I have frequently benefited from the hints of
+your correspondents, I in my turn hasten to communicate a very simple plan
+I have contrived for a portable tent for the collodion process, in the hope
+it may be found to answer with others as well as it has done with me: it is
+as follows.
+
+Round the legs of my camera stand (a tripod one) I have made a covering for
+two of the sides, of a double lining of glazed yellow calico, with a few
+loops at the foot to stake to the ground; the third side is made of thick
+dark cloth, much wider and larger than to cover the side, which is fastened
+at one leg of the stand to the calico. The other side is provided with
+loops to fasten to corresponding buttons on the other leg, and by bending
+on my knees I can easily pull the dark cloth over my head and back, fasten
+the loops to the buttons, and then I can perfectly perform any manipulation
+required, without the risk of any ray of white light entering; and
+certainly nothing can be more _portable_.
+
+The simplicity of the thing makes any farther description of it
+unnecessary, to say nothing of your valuable space.
+
+JAN.
+
+_Mr. Sisson's Developing Solution._--The REV. MR. SISSON, in a letter I
+received from him a few days ago, stated that he had been trying, at the
+recommendation of a gentleman who had written to him upon the subject, a
+stronger developing solution than that the formula for which he published
+some time back in your pages, and that it gave splendid positive pictures
+with very short exposure in the camera.
+
+Since I received his letter I have been able to corroborate his testimony
+in favour of the stronger solution, and have much pleasure in sending you
+the formula for the benefit of your readers. It is this: 1œ drachms of
+protosulphate of iron in five ounces of water, 1 drachm of nitrate of lead,
+letting it settle for some hours; pour off the clear liquid, and then add
+to it 2 drachms of acetic acid.
+
+J. LEACHMAN.
+
+20. Compton Terrace, Islington.
+
+_Mr. Stewart's Pantograph._--Will some of your photographic readers, who
+may know the proper size of MR. STEWART'S pantograph, give a detailed
+description of it? We should have focal length of lens, size of box, and
+the length of the sliding, parts of it. Cannot the lens be made fast in the
+middle of the box, provided the frames can be adjusted for different-sized
+pictures?
+
+R. ELLIOTT.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Replies to Minor Queries.
+
+_George Browne of Shefford_ (Vol. viii., p. 243.).--I observe that in your
+interesting publication you have inserted the Query which I sent you long
+since. A somewhat similar Query of mine has already appeared, and been
+answered by your correspondents H. C. C. and T. HUGHES; the latter stating
+that my particulars are not strictly correct, inasmuch as the individual
+styled by me as "Sir George Browne, _Bart._," was in reality simple "George
+Browne, _Esq._" I admit this error; but if I was wrong, MR. HUGHES was so
+too, for George Browne's wife was Eleanor, and _not_ Elizabeth, Blount, as
+appears by his affidavit in the State Paper Office, wherein he deposes that
+he "had by _Ellinor_, his late wife, deceased daughter of Sir Richard
+Blount, eight sons, namely, George, Richard, Anthony, John, William, Henry,
+Francis, and Robert, and seven daughters."
+
+The sons are thus disposed of:
+
+1. George, created K. B. at the coronation of Charles II.; married
+Elizabeth Englefield; had issue two daughters; died 1678.
+
+2. Richard, a captain in the king's army, 1649, and was dead in 1650.
+
+3. Anthony, who was "preferred to the trade of a M_a_rchant," 1650.
+
+4. John, a page to Prince Thomas, uncle to the Duke of Savoy; created Bart.
+1665; married Mrs. Bradley; had issue.
+
+5. William, had a "reversion of a copyhold in Shefford."
+
+6. Henry, died unmarried, 1668; buried at Shefford.
+
+7. Francis, nine years old in 1651; and
+
+8. Robert, four years old in 1651.
+
+In that year (1651) Henry, Francis, and Robert were living with their
+guardian, Mr. {302} Libb, of Hardwick, Oxon; and soon afterwards we find
+them placed under the care of a clergyman at Appleshaw. But here we seem to
+lose sight of them altogether.
+
+MR. HUGHES says that the only sons who married were George, the heir, and
+John, the younger brother; but we have no evidence of this; and as it is
+probable that some of the others, namely, Richard, Anthony, William,
+Francis, and Robert, married, I wish to procure proof either that they did
+or did not. If any of these married, I wish to know which of them, to whom,
+and when and where.
+
+Perhaps some of your correspondents can tell me where Richard, Anthony, and
+William resided, and what became of Francis and Robert after they had left
+their tutor, the minister of Appleshaw.
+
+NEWBURIENSIS.
+
+_Wheale_ (Vol. vi., p. 579.; Vol. vii., p. 96.).--Since this word is once
+more brought forward in "N. & Q." (Vol. viii., p. 208.), I will answer the
+Query respecting it. I was prepared to do so shortly after it first
+appeared, but I had reason to expect a reply from one more conversant with
+such archaisms. If the Querist, or either respondent, had examined the
+context, he could not have failed to discover a clue to the meaning, as the
+words "gall of dragons" instead of "wine," and "wheale" instead of "milk,"
+are evidently translations of sound expressions in the preface of Pope
+Sixtus (or Xystus) V., to his edition of the Vulgate. The words there are
+"fel draconum pro vino, pro lacte sanies obtruderetur." Wheale more
+commonly signified, in later times, a pustule or boil; but it is from the
+Ang.-Sax. _hwele_, putrefaction. The bad taste of such language is too
+manifest to require farther comment.
+
+If I were disposed to conclude with a Query, I might ask where Q. found
+that _wheale_ ever meant _whey_?
+
+W. S. W.
+
+Middle Temple.
+
+_Sir Arthur Aston_ (Vol. viii., p. 126.).--He was appointed Governor of
+Reading, November 29, 1642; that his relative, Geo. Tattershall, Esq., was
+of Stapleford, Wilts, and only purchased the estate, West Court in
+Finchampstead, which went, on the marriage of his daughter, to the Hon.
+Chas. Howard, fourth son of the Earl of Arundel, and was sold by him.
+
+A READER.
+
+_"A Mockery," &c._ (Vol. viii., p. 244).--Thomas Lord Denman is the author
+of the phrase in question. That noble lord, in giving his judgment in the
+case of O'Connell and others against the Queen, in the House of Lords,
+September 4, 1844, thus alluded to the judgment of the Court of Queen's
+Bench in Ireland, overruling the challenge by the traversers to the array,
+on account of the fraudulent omission of fifty-nine names from the list of
+jurors of the county of the city of Dublin:
+
+    "If it is possible that such a practice as that which has taken place
+    in the present instance should be allowed to pass without a remedy (and
+    no other remedy has been suggested), trial by jury itself, instead of
+    being a security to persons who are accused, will be _a delusion, a
+    mockery, and a snare_."
+
+See Clark and Finnelly's _Reports of Cases in the House of Lords_, vol. xi.
+p. 351.
+
+C. H. COOPER.
+
+Cambridge.
+
+_Norman of Winster_ (Vol. viii., p. 126).--I do not know if W. is aware
+that there was a family of Norman who was possessed of a share of the manor
+of Beeley, in the parish of Ashford, Derbyshire, which came from the
+Savilles, the said manor having been purchased by Wm. Saville, Esq., 1687.
+
+A READER.
+
+_Arms of the See of York_ (Vol. viii., pp. 34. 111. 233.).--Thoroton has a
+curious note on this subject in his _History of Nottinghamshire_ (South
+Muskham, in the east window of the chancel), from which it would appear
+that neither Thoroton himself, nor his after-editor Thoresby, could be
+aware of the change that had taken place. The note, however, may help to
+complete the _catena_ of those incumbents of the see of York who (prior to
+Cardinal Wolsey) bore the same arms as the see of Canterbury:
+
+    "There are the arms of the see of _Canterbury_, impaling _Arg. three
+    boars' heads erased and erected sable_, Booth, I doubt mistaken for the
+    arms of _York_, as they are with Archbishop Lee's again in the same
+    window; and in the hall window at _Newstede_ the see of _Canterbury_
+    impales _Savage_, who was Archbishop of _York_ also, but not of
+    _Canterbury_ that I know of."--Vol. iii. p. 152., ed. Notts, 1796.
+
+Can any of your antiquarian contributors say why the sees of Canterbury and
+York bore originally the same arms? Had it any relation to the struggle for
+precedence carried on for so many years between the two sees?
+
+J. SANSOM.
+
+Mr. Waller, in his volume on _Monumental Brasses_, in describing that of
+William de Grenfeld, Archbishop of York, says:
+
+    "The arms of the two archiepiscopal sees were formerly the same, and
+    continued to be so till the Reformation, when the pall surmounting a
+    crozier was retained by Canterbury, and the cross keys and tiara
+    (emblematic of St. Peter, to whom the minster is dedicated), which
+    until then had been used only for the church of York, were adopted as
+    the armorial bearings of the see."
+
+To the word "tiara" he appends a note:
+
+    "Or rather at this period a regal crown, the tiara having been
+    superseded in the reign of Henry VIII."
+
+{303}
+
+He gives no authority for the statement, but the note appears
+contradictory, and implies two changes in the first to the cross-keys and
+tiara, which may corroborate the notion of its having been adopted by
+Cardinal Wolsey; secondly, the substitution of the crown for the tiara. Can
+this be proved?
+
+F. H.
+
+_Roger Wilbraham, Esq.'s, Cheshire Collection_ (Vol. viii., p. 270.).--It
+is probable these MSS. are still at the family seat of the Wilbrahams,
+Delamere Lodge, Northwitch. When Ormerod published his _History of
+Cheshire_, in 1819, they were in the custody of the family. He says (vol.
+iii. p. 232.):
+
+    "In the possession of the family is a curious series of journals
+    commenced by Richard Wilbraham of Nantwich, who died in 1612, and
+    continued regularly to the time of his great-great-grandson, who died
+    in 1732. As a genealogical document, such a memorial is invaluable; and
+    it contains many curious incidental notices of passing events, and of
+    minute particulars relating to the town of Nantwich, of whose rights
+    the Wilbrahams of Townsend were the never-failing and active
+    guardians."
+
+J. YEOWELL.
+
+_Pierrepont_ (Vol. vii., p. 606.).--A descendant thanks C. J. The
+information wanted is parentage and descent of John Pierrepont of Wadworth,
+who in a family mem. by his great-great-granddaughter is called "Uncle to
+Evelyn, Earl of P." Any information respecting John Pierrepont or his
+descendants through Margaret Stevens will much oblige.
+
+A. F. B.
+
+Diss.
+
+_Passage in Bacon_ (Vol. viii., p. 141.).--In the Notes on Bacon's Essay
+II. "On Death," there appears the following:
+
+    "In the passage of Juvenal, the words are 'Qui spatium vitæ,' and not
+    'Qui finem vitæ,' as quoted by Lord Bacon. Length of days is meant."
+
+His lordship's memory and _ear_ too certainly misled him with respect to
+the _wording_, but he has correctly given us the _sense_. Juvenal has been
+arguing (l. iv. Sat. x.) on the vanity of earthly blessings, so called, in
+quite a philosophic way; it is hardly possible to suppose him closing his
+sermon with--
+
+ "Fortem posce animum, mortis terrore carentem,
+  Qui spatium vitæ extremum inter munera ponat
+  Naturæ, qui ferre queat quoscumque labores,
+  Nesciat irasci, cupiat nihil, et potiores
+  Herculis ærumnas credat, sævosque labores,
+  Et Venere, et coenis, et plume Sardanapali."
+
+if by _spatium_ he meant "length;" but how apt and beautiful in Lord
+Bacon's sense! A note on the passage in the Var. Ed. of 1684 has "Qui sciat
+_mortem_ munus aliquod naturæ esse."
+
+EMMANUEL CANTAB.
+
+_Monumental Inscription in Peterborough Cathedral_ (Vol. viii., p.
+215.).--In consequence of the very curious Notes communicated by H. THOS.
+WAKE, I would beg to draw that gentleman's attention to the very important
+MS. collections of Bp. White Kennet on the subject of this cathedral in the
+Lansd. MSS., British Museum, to which I shall be happy to give him the
+references in a private letter, if he will favour me with his address.
+
+E. G. BALLARD.
+
+_Lord North_ (Vol. vii., p. 207).--I feel much obliged to your
+correspondent C. for his courtesy in replying to my inquiry concerning this
+nobleman. His remembrance of the personal appearance of George III., and
+his remarks on the subject, are in my opinion conclusive; but the
+appearance of the statement in the _Life of Goldsmith_ was such as to
+provoke inquiry. May I ask our correspondent C. (who appears to be
+acquainted with the North genealogy) whether a sister of the premier North,
+by the some mother, was not alive some years after the year 1734? Collins
+records the birth of an infant daughter, but the fact is overlooked in
+modern peerages.
+
+OBSERVER.
+
+_Land of Green Ginger_ (Vol. viii., pp. 34. 160. 227.).--Mr. Frost, in his
+_History_, p. 71., &c., has shown many instances of alteration in the names
+of streets in Hull from the names of persons, as from Aldegate to Scale
+Lane, from Schayl, a Dutchman; and MR. RICHARDSON has made it most probable
+that the designation "Land of Green Ginger" took place betwixt 1640 and
+1735. It has occurred to me, that a family of the Dutch name of Lindegreen
+(green lime-trees) resided at Hull within the last fifty years or more. Now
+the "junior" of this name would be called in Dutch "Lindegroen jonger,"
+which may have originated the corruption "Land o' green ginger." This
+conjecture would amount to solution of the question, if the Lindegreens had
+about 150 years ago any property or occupation in this lane. The Dutch had
+necessarily much intercourse with Hull: one of their imports was the
+lamprey, chiefly as bait for turbot, cod, &c. obtained in the Ouse near the
+mouth of the Derwent; which fish was conveyed in boats in Ouse Water, and
+was kept alive and lively by means of poles made to revolve in these
+floating fish-ponds, as I was informed by an alderman prior to the reform
+of that ancient borough. But lamprey has now either migrated, or been
+exterminated by clearing the Ouse of stones[5], or by the excessive
+cupidity of the fisherman or gastronomer.
+
+T. J. BUCKTON.
+
+Birmingham.
+
+[Footnote 5: The Petromyzon by attaching itself to a stone forms a drill,
+by which it furrows the shoal for the deposit of its spawn.]
+
+{304}
+
+_Sheer, and Shear Hulk_ (Vol. vii., p. 126.)--A _sheer_ hulk is a mere
+hulk, simply the hull of a vessel unfurnished with masts and rigging. A
+_shear_ hulk, on the contrary, is the hull of a vessel fitted with _shears_
+(so termed from their resemblance to the blades of a pair of shears when
+opened), for the purpose of masting and dismasting other vessels.
+
+The use of the word _buckle_, in the signification of bend, is exceedingly
+common both among seamen and builders. For its use among the former I can
+vouch; and among the latter, see the evidence at the coroner's inquest on
+the late melancholy and mysterious accident at the Crystal Palace.
+
+W. PINKERTON.
+
+Ham.
+
+_Serpent with a Human Head_ (Vol. iv., p. 191.).--The following passage
+from Gervasius Tilberiensis (_Otia Imperialia_, lib. i sect. 15.) shows
+that the idea of the serpent which tempted Eve, having a woman's head, was
+current in the time of Bede. I having not had an opportunity of finding
+whereabouts in Bede's writings the passage quoted by Gervasius occurs:
+
+    "Nec erit omittendum, quod ait Beda, loquens de serpente qui Evam
+    seduxit: 'Elegit enim diabolus quoddam genus serpentis foemineum vultum
+    habentis, quia similes similibus applaudunt, et movit ad loquendum
+    linguam ejus."
+
+C. W. G.
+
+_"When the maggot bites"_ (Vol. viii., p 244.).--An ANON correspondent asks
+for a note to explain the origin of the saying that thing done on the spur
+of the moment is done "when the maggot bites." Perhaps the best explanation
+is that afforded in the following passage from Swift's _Discourse on the
+Mechanical Operation of the Spirit_:
+
+    "It is the opinion of choice _virtuosi_ that the brain is only a crowd
+    of little animals with teeth and claws extremely sharp, and which cling
+    together in the contexture we behold, like the picture of Hobbes's
+    Leviathan; or like bees in perpendicular swarm on a tree; or like a
+    carrion corrupted into vermin, still preserving the shape and figure of
+    the mother animal: that all invention is formed by the morsure of two
+    or more of these animals upon certain capillary nerves which proceed
+    from thence, whereof three branches spring into the tongue and two into
+    the right hand. They hold also that these animals are of a constitution
+    extremely cold: that their food is the air we attract, their excrement
+    phlegm. And that what we vulgarly call rheums, and colds, and
+    distillations, is nothing else but an epidemical looseness to which
+    that little commonwealth is very subject from the climate it lies
+    under. Farther, that nothing less than a violent heat can disentangle
+    these creatures from their hamated station in life; or give them vigour
+    and humour, to imprint the marks of their little teeth. That if the
+    morsure be hexagonal, it produces poetry; the circular gives eloquence.
+    If the bite hath been conical, the person whose nerve is so affected
+    shall be disposed to write upon politics; and so of the rest."
+
+J. EMERSON TENNENT.
+
+_Definition of a Proverb_ (Vol. viii., p. 242.).--The proverb, "Wit of one
+man, the wisdom of many," has been attributed to Lord John Russell: I think
+in a recent number of the _Quarterly Review_. The foundation was laid most
+probably by Bacon:
+
+    "The genius, wit, and spirit of a nation are discovered by their
+    proverbs."
+
+It may not be perhaps generally known to your readers, that in a small
+volume, called _Origines de la Lengua Espanola, &c., por Don Gregorio
+Mayans y Siscar, Bibliothecario del Rei nuestro Señor_, en Madrid, Año
+1737, will be found a numerous collection of Spanish proverbs. A MS. note
+in my copy has a note, stating that the MS. made for Mayans, from the
+original, in the national library at Madrid, is now in the British Museum,
+Additional MSS., No. 9939.
+
+The work is divided into dialogues; and in the copy in question are some
+remarks by a Spanish gentleman, I fear too long for your pages: but I send
+you an English version by a friend, of one of the couplets in the
+dialogues, "Diez marcos tengo de oro:"
+
+ "Ten marks of gold for the telling,
+  And of silver I have nine score,
+  Good houses are mine to dwell in,
+  And I have a rent-roll more:
+  My line and lineage please me:
+  Ten squires to come at my call,
+  And no lord who flatters or fees me,
+  Which pleases me most of them all."
+
+JOHN MARTIN.
+
+Woburn Abbey.
+
+_Gilbert White of Selborne_ (Vol. viii., p. 244.).--Oriel College, of which
+Gilbert White was for more than fifty years a Fellow, some years since
+offered to have a portrait of him painted for their hall. An inquiry was
+then made of all the members of his family; but no portrait of any
+description could be found. I have heard my father say that Gilbert White
+was much pressed by his brother Thomas (my grandfather) to have his
+portrait painted, and that he talked of it; but it was never done.
+
+A. HOLT WHITE.
+
+_"A Tub to the Whale"_ (Vol. viii., p. 220.).--In the Appendix B. to Sir
+James Macintosh's _Life of Sir Thomas More_ is the following passage:
+
+    "The learned Mr. Douce has informed a friend of mine, that in Sebastian
+    Munster's _Cosmography_ there is a cut of a ship, to which a whale was
+    coming too close for her safety; and of the sailors throwing a tub
+    {305} to the whale, evidently to play with. The practice of throwing a
+    tub or barrel to a large fish, to divert the animal from gambols
+    dangerous to a vessel, is also mentioned in an old prose translation of
+    the _Ship of Fools_. These passages satisfactorily explain the common
+    phrase of throwing a tub to a whale."
+
+Sir James Macintosh conjectures that the phrase "the tale of a tub" (which
+was familiarly known in Sir Thomas More's time) had reference to the tub
+thrown to the whale.
+
+C. H. COOPER.
+
+Cambridge.
+
+_The Number Nine_ (Vol. viii., p. 149.).--The property of numbers
+enunciated and illustrated by MR. LAMMENS resolves itself into two.
+
+1. If from any number above nine be subtracted the number expressed by
+writing the same digits backwards, the remainder is divisible by nine.
+
+2. If the number nine measure a given number, it measures the sum of its
+digits.
+
+As the latter is proved in most elementary books on Algebra, I confine my
+proof to the former.
+
+Let the number in question be--
+
+  _a__0 + _a__1 . 10 + _a__2 . 10^2 + ... + _a__{_n_-1} . 10^{_n_-1} +
+      _a__{_n_} . 10^{_n_}
+
+Then
+
+  _a__{_n_} + _a__{_n_-1} . 10 + _a__{_n_-2} . 10^2 + ... + _a__1 .
+      10^{_n_-1} + _a__0 . 10^{_n_}
+
+is "the same number written backwards." The difference is--
+
+  (_a__{_n_} - _a__0)(10^{_n_} - 1) + (_a__{_n_-1} - _a__1)(10^{_n_-2} - 1)
+      . 10 + ...
+      + (_a__{_n_/2+1} - _a__{_n_/2-1})(10^2-1) . 10^{_n_/2-1} if _n_ be
+          even, but
+      + (_a__{(_n_+1)/2} - _a__{(_n_-1)/2})(10-1) . 10^{(n-1)/2} if _n_ be
+          odd.
+
+And every term of this difference, as involving a factor of the form (1 -
+10^{_n_}), is divisible by 9; and therefore the difference is divisible by
+9.
+
+C. MANSFIELD INGLEBY.
+
+Birmingham.
+
+_The Willingham Boy._--ABREDONENSIS will find full information on all the
+points he appears from your Notices to Correspondents (Vol. viii., p. 66.)
+to have inquired after in--
+
+    "Prodigium Willinghamense, or Authentic Memoirs of the Life of a Boy
+    born at Willingham, near Cambridge, with some Reflections on his
+    Understanding, Strength, Temper, Memory, Genius, and Knowledge, by
+    Thos. Dawkes, Surgeon."
+
+W. P.
+
+_Unlucky Days_ (Vol. vii., p. 232.).--The Latin verses contained in the old
+Spanish breviary, adverted to by W. PINKERTON, bear a close resemblance to
+those which are to be found in the Red Book of the Irish Exchequer. The
+latter form part of a calendar which is supposed to have been written
+either during the reign of John or Henry III. A similar calendar, with like
+verses, has been printed by the Archæological Society, Dublin. As the lines
+in the Red Book vary in some respects from those which have appeared in "N.
+& Q.," I have taken the liberty of inclosing a transcript of them.
+
+ "_January._ Prima dies mensis, et septima truncat ut ensis.
+  _February._ Quarta subit mortem, prosternit tertia fortem.
+  _March._ Primus mandantem, dirumpit quarta bibentem.
+  _April._ Denus et undenus, est mortis vulnere plenus.
+  _May._ Tertius occidit, et septimus hora relidit.
+  _June._ Denus pallescit, quindenus federa nescit.
+  _July._ Terdecimus mactat, Julii denus labefactat.
+  _August._ Prima necat fortem, perditque secunda choortem.
+  _September._ Tertia Septembris, et denus fert mala membris.
+  _October._ Tertia cum dena, clamat sit integra vena.
+  _November._ Scorpius est quintus, et tertius est nece cinctus.
+  _December._ Septimus exanguis, virosus denus ut anguis."
+
+JAMES F. FERGUSON.
+
+Dublin.
+
+_Rhymes on Places_ (Vol. vii. _passim_.).--Midlothian:
+
+ "Musselboro' was a boro',
+    Whan Edinboro' was nane;
+  An Musselboro' 'll be a boro',
+    Whan Edinboro's gane."
+
+W. T. M.
+
+Hong Kong.
+
+Cambridgeshire folks say,--
+
+ "Hungry Hardwick,
+    Greedy Toft,
+  Hang-up Kingston,
+    Caldecott[6] naught."
+
+P. J. F. GANTILLON, B.A.
+
+[Footnote 6: Pronounced _Cawcote_.]
+
+_Quotation Wanted_ (Vol. vi., p. 421.).--See Byron's _Dream_, stanza ii. v.
+30.:
+
+             "She was his life,
+  The ocean to the river of his thoughts."
+
+P. J. F. GANTILLON, B.A.
+
+_Lamech_ (Vol. vii., p. 432.).--For "Lamech," see Mr. Browne's excellent
+_Ordo Sæclorum_, ch. vii. § 302., 1844--a book deserving to be much more
+widely known.
+
+S. Z. Z. S.
+
+_Muggers_ (Vol. viii., p. 34.).--The names _muggers_ and _potters_,
+betokening dealers in mugs and pots, are, in the north of England, applied
+indiscriminately to hawkers of earthenware, whether of gipsy blood or not.
+Indeed, the majority are evidently not gipsies.
+
+T. D. RIDLEY.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+{306}
+
+Miscellaneous.
+
+NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC.
+
+We have received from Messrs. Williams and Norgate copies of the first
+number of two new German periodicals, with which, when they know their
+nature, some of our readers may desire better acquaintance. Our antiquarian
+friends, for instance, may be glad to know, that the opening number of one
+of these, the _Anzeige für Kunde des Deutschen Vorzeit, Organ des
+Germanischen Museums_ (which is to appear monthly), contains, among other
+articles of antiquarian interest, notes on the earliest known MS. of the
+Nuremburg Chronicle, and on an early MS. of the Nibelungen; notice of an
+original Letter of Pirkheimer, relative to the wars of Maximilian against
+the Swiss; and also of a remarkable, and hitherto unknown, old copper-plate
+engraving on six sheets by an unknown artist, apparently of the school of
+Martin Schon, illustrative of that campaign; and an account of an early
+miscellaneous MS., in which is a List of Masons' Marks. The second is one
+which will interest all lovers of folk lore. It is edited by J. W. Wolf,
+and entitled _Zeitschrift für Deutsche Mythologie und Sittenkunde_, and
+numbers among its contributors, W. Grimm, Nordnagel, Kuhn, and many other
+good men and true, who have devoted their talents to the study of popular
+antiquities. We hope shortly to find room for a specimen or two of the "Old
+World" stories and customs which they have here recorded.
+
+BOOKS RECEIVED.--_A Guide containing a Short Historical Sketch of Lynton
+and Places adjacent in North Devon, including Ilfracombe_, by T. H. Cooper:
+a well-timed guide to the most picturesque portion of one of the most
+beautiful parts of North Devon, pleasantly interlarded with scraps of folk
+lore and historical anecdote.--In Bohn's _Standard Library_, we have a
+farther issue of Miss Bremer's works, comprising _A Diary_; _The H----
+Family_; _Axel and Anna_, and other Tales: and the second volume of Mr.
+Hickie's translation of _The Comedies of Aristophanes_ forms the issue for
+the present month of the same publisher's _Classical Library_.--Mr. Darling
+proceeds with great regularity in the publication of his _Cyclopoedia
+Bibliographica_, of which we have received No. XII., which extends from
+Bernard Lancy to Martin Madan.--_The Irish Quarterly Review_, No. XI. for
+September, contains, among other articles of general interest, such as
+those on _French Social Life and Fashion in Poetry, and the Poets of
+Fashion_, a farther portion of the amusing anecdotical paper, entitled _The
+Streets of Dublin_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES WANTED TO PURCHASE.
+
+THE BUILDER, No. 520.
+
+OSWALLI CROLLII OPERA. 12mo. Geneva, 1635.
+
+GAFFARELL'S UNHEARD-OF CURIOSITIES. Translate by Chelmead. London, 12mo.
+1650.
+
+BEAUMONT'S PSYCHE. 2nd Edit. folio. Camb. 1702.
+
+THE MONTHLY ARMY LIST from 1797 to 1800 inclusive. Published by Hookham and
+Carpenter, Bond Street. Square 12mo.
+
+JER. COLLIER'S ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF ENGLAND. Folio Edition. Vol II.
+
+LONDON LABOUR AND THE LONDON POOR.
+
+PROCEEDINGS OF THE LONDON GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
+
+PRESCOTT'S HISTORY OF THE CONQUEST OF MEXICO. 3 Vols. London. Vol. III.
+
+MRS. ELLIS'S SOCIAL DISTINCTIONS. Tallis's Edition. Vols. II. and III. 8vo.
+
+PAMPHLETS.
+
+JUNIUS DISCOVERED. By P. T. Published about 1789.
+
+REASONS FOR REJECTING THE EVIDENCE OF MR. ALMON, &c. 1807.
+
+ANOTHER GUESS AT JUNIUS. Hookham. 1809.
+
+THE AUTHOR OF JUNIUS DISCOVERED. Longmans. 1821.
+
+THE CLAIMS OF SIR P. FRANCIS REFUTED. Longmans. 1822.
+
+WHO WAS JUNIUS? Glynn. 1837.
+
+SOME NEW FACTS, &c., by Sir F. Dwarris. 1850.
+
+*** _Correspondents sending Lists of Books Wanted are requested to send
+their names._
+
+*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, to be
+sent to MR. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Notices to Correspondents.
+
+G. T. (Reading). _We are happy to be able to assure our Correspondent that
+that venerable antiquary_ JOHN BRITTON _is still among us, and, when we
+last saw him, as hale as his best friends could wish._
+
+H. H. R. _will find in our earlier volumes several Notes on the subject of
+his Query._
+
+W. M. _The line_--
+
+ "Incidis in Scyllam cupiens vitare Charybdim,"
+
+_is from_ lib. v. 301. _of the_ Alexandreis _of Philip Gualtier: and not_
+Tempora, _but_
+
+ "Omnia mutantur, nos et mutamur in illis,"
+
+_is from a poem by Matthew Borbonius in the_ Delitiæ Poetarum Germanorum,
+vol. i. p. 683.
+
+H. C. C. _Will this Correspondent favour us with his address in exchange
+for that of_ NEWBURY, _which we have, and who wishes to correspond with
+him?_
+
+J. O. _May we insert the interesting Reply sent by this Correspondent, or
+is it his wish that we should forward it?_
+
+W. S. F. _will find an interesting article on the loss of Gray's original
+MS. from La Grande Chartreuse, in our_ First Volume, p. 416.
+
+J. M. G. _Is not the translation of_ The Ode, _spoken of in the article
+alluded to as being by James Hay Beattie, the one respecting which our
+Querist inquires?_
+
+F. M. (A Maltese). 1. _We should recommend our Correspondent to make his
+gun cotton with the nitrate of potash and sulphuric acid, as originally
+recommended in_ "N. & Q.," _taking care that they are both thoroughly
+incorporated before the addition of the cotton. Much vexation often occurs
+in consequence of the various strengths of nitric acid. But the gun cotton
+can now be procured at some of the photographic houses quite as reasonably
+as it can be prepared._ 2. _Acetic acid is added to the pyrogallic acid to
+prevent its too rapid decomposition, and to facilitate the more easy
+flowing of the fluid over the plate. But the more acetic acid is used, the
+more slow will be the development._ 3. _Is not the cracking of the albumen
+the result of the climate of Malta?_
+
+F. (Manchester). _We do not think that you can do better than adopt
+strictly the mode of obtaining positives recommended by_ MR. POLLOCK, _and
+which we printed some time since; or that pursued by_ DR. DIAMOND, _which
+we have in type, but have been compelled to postpone until next week._
+
+A. B. C. _Having ourselves practised the_ Paper Process, _according to the
+directions given in our first Number for the present year (with the
+correction of using the gallic acid, which, as stated in a subsequent
+Number, was by accident omitted), we would advise our Correspondent to
+adhere _strictly_ to those rules rather than any other with which we have
+since become acquainted. We are of opinion that sufficient care is very
+rarely used in the preparation of the iodized paper, and upon which all
+future success must depend._
+
+_A few complete sets of_ "NOTES AND QUERIES," Vols. i. _to_ vii., _price
+Three Guineas and a Half, may now be had; for which early application is
+desirable._
+
+"NOTES AND QUERIES" _is published at noon on Friday, so that the Country
+Booksellers may receive Copies in that night's parcels, and deliver them to
+their Subscribers on the Saturday._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+{307}
+
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+HEALTH-RESTORING FOOD for INVALIDS and INFANTS.
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+(indigestion), habitual constipation, diarrhoea, acidity, heartburn,
+flatulency, oppression, distension, palpitation, eruption of the skin,
+rheumatism, gout, dropsy, sickness at the stomach during pregnancy, at sea,
+and under all other circumstances, debility in the aged as well as infants,
+fits, spasms, cramps, paralysis, &c.
+
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+
+    Cure, No. 71, of dyspepsia; from the Right Hon. the Lord Stuart de
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+    Cure, No. 49,832:--"Fifty years' indescribable agony from dyspepsia,
+    nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation, flatulency, spasms, sickness
+    at the stomach, and vomitings have been removed by Du Barry's excellent
+    food.--MARIA JOLLY, Wortham Ling, near Diss, Norfolk."
+
+    Cure, No. 180:--"Twenty-five years' nervousness, constipation,
+    indigestion, and debility, from which I had suffered great misery, and
+    which no medicine could remove or relieve, have been effectually cured
+    by Du Barry's food in a very short time.--W. R. REEVES, Pool Anthony,
+    Tiverton."
+
+    Cure, No. 4,208:--"Eight years' dyspepsia, nervousness, debility, with
+    cramps, spasms, and nausea, for which my servant had consulted the
+    advice of many, have been effectually removed by Du Barry's delicious
+    food in a very short time. I shall be happy to answer any
+    inquiries.--REV. JOHN W. FLAVELL, Ridlington Rectory, Norfolk."
+
+_Dr. Wurzer's Testimonial._
+
+    "Bonn, July 19. 1852.
+
+    "This light and pleasant Farina is one of the most excellent,
+    nourishing, and restorative remedies, and supersedes, in many cases,
+    all kinds of medicines. It is particularly useful in confined habit of
+    body, as also diarrhoea, bowel complaints, affections of the kidneys
+    and bladder, such as stone or gravel; inflammatory irritation and cramp
+    of the urethra, cramp of the kidneys and bladder, strictures, and
+    hemorrhoids. This really invaluable remedy is employed with the most
+    satisfactory result, not only in bronchial and pulmonary complaints,
+    where irritation and pain are to be removed, but also in pulmonary and
+    bronchial consumption, in which it counteracts effectually the
+    troublesome cough; and I am enabled with perfect truth to express the
+    conviction that Du Barry's Revalenta Arabica is adapted to the cure of
+    incipient hectic complaints and consumption.
+
+    "DR. RUD WURZER.
+    "Counsel of Medicine, and practical M.D. in Bonn."
+
+London Agents:--Fortnum, Mason & Co., 182. Piccadilly, purveyors to Her
+Majesty the Queen; Hedges & Butler, 155. Regent Street; and through all
+respectable grocers, chemists, and medicine venders. In canisters, suitably
+packed for all climates, and with full instructions, 1lb. 2s. 9d.; 2lb. 4s.
+6d.; 5lb. 11s.; 12lb. 22s.; super-refined, 5lb. 22s.; 10lb. 33s. The 10lb.
+and 12lb. carriage free, on receipt of Post-office order.--Barry, Du Barry
+Co., 77. Regent Street, London.
+
+IMPORTANT CAUTION.--Many invalids having been seriously injured by spurious
+imitations under closely similar names, such as Ervalenta, Arabaca, and
+others, the public will do well to see that each canister bears the name
+BARRY, DU BARRY & CO., 77. Regent Street, London, in full, _without which
+none is genuine_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE AND ANNUITY SOCIETY.
+
+3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON.
+
+Founded A.D. 1842.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+  _Directors._
+
+  H. E. Bicknell, Esq.
+  T. S. Cocks, Jun. Esq., M. P.
+  G. H. Drew, Esq.
+  W. Evans, Esq.
+  W. Freeman, Esq.
+  F. Fuller, Esq.
+  J. H. Goodhart, Esq.
+  T. Grissell, Esq.
+  J. Hunt, Esq.
+  J. A. Lethbridge, Esq.
+  E. Lucas, Esq.
+  J. Lys Seager, Esq.
+  J. B. White, Esq.
+  J. Carter Wood, Esq.
+
+  _Trustees._--W. Whateley, Esq., Q.C.; George Drew, Esq., T. Grissell,
+      Esq.
+  _Physician._--William Rich. Basham, M.D.
+  _Bankers._--Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross.
+
+VALUABLE PRIVILEGE.
+
+POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary
+difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application to
+suspend the payment at interest, according to the conditions detailed in
+the Prospectus.
+
+Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100l., with a Share in
+three-fourths of the Profits:--
+
+  Age       £   s.  d.
+   17       1  14   4
+   22       1  18   8
+   27       2   4   5
+   32       2  10   8
+   37       2  18   6
+   42       3   8   2
+
+ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary.
+
+Now ready, price 10s. 6d., Second Edition, with material additions.
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+the Cases of Freehold Land Societies, Building Companies, &c. With a
+Mathematical Appendix on Compound Interest and Life Assurance. By ARTHUR
+SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life Assurance Society, 3.
+Parliament Street, London.
+
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+
+
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+
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+PARTIES desirous of INVESTING MONEY are requested to examine the Plan of
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+perfect Security.
+
+Interest payable in January and July.
+
+  PETER MORRISON,
+  Managing Director.
+
+Prospectuses free on application.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+DAGUERREOTYPE MATERIALS.--Plates, Cases, Passepartoutes, Best and Cheapest.
+To be had in great variety at
+
+McMILLAN'S Wholesale Depot, 132. Fleet Street.
+
+Price List Gratis.
+
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+
+
+BENNETT'S MODEL WATCH, as shown at the GREAT EXHIBITION, No. 1. Class X.,
+in Gold and Silver Cases, in five qualities, and adapted to all Climates,
+may now be had at the MANUFACTORY, 65. CHEAPSIDE. Superior Gold London-made
+Patent Levers, 17, 15, and 12 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 4
+guineas. First-rate Geneva Levers, in Gold Cases, 12, 10, and 8 guineas.
+Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 5 guineas. Superior Lever, with
+Chronometer Balance, Gold, 27, 23, and 19 guineas. Bennett's Pocket
+Chronometer, Gold, 50 guineas; Silver, 40 guineas. Every Watch skilfully
+examined, timed, and its performance guaranteed. Barometers, 2l., 3l., and
+4l. Thermometers from 1s. each.
+
+BENNETT, Watch, Clock, and Instrument Maker to the Royal Observatory, the
+Board of Ordnance, the Admiralty, and the Queen,
+
+65. CHEAPSIDE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PHOTOGRAPHIC PICTURES.--A Selection of the above beautiful Productions
+(comprising Views in VENICE, PARIS, RUSSIA, NUBIA, &c.) may be seen at
+BLAND & LONG'S, 153. Fleet Street, where may also be procured Apparatus of
+every Description, and pure Chemicals for the practice of Photography in
+all its Branches.
+
+Calotype, Daguerreotype, and Glass Pictures for the Stereoscope.
+
+*** Catalogues may be had on application.
+
+BLAND & LONG, Opticians, Philosophical and Photographical Instrument
+Makers, and Operative Chemists, 153. Fleet Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PHOTOGRAPHY.--HORNE & CO.'S Iodized Collodion, for obtaining Instantaneous
+Views, and Portraits in from three to thirty seconds, according to light.
+
+Portraits obtained by the above, for delicacy of detail rival the choicest
+Daguerreotypes, specimens of which may be seen at their Establishment.
+
+Also every description of Apparatus, Chemicals, &c. &c. used in this
+beautiful Art.--123. and 121. Newgate Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PHOTOGRAPHIC PAPER.--Negative and Positive Papers of Whatman's, Turner's,
+Sanford's, and Canson Frères' make. Waxed-Paper for Le Gray's Process.
+Iodized and Sensitive Paper for every kind of Photography.
+
+Sold by JOHN SANFORD, Photographic Stationer, Aldine Chambers, 13.
+Paternoster Row, London.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+IMPROVEMENT IN COLLODION.--J.B. HOCKIN & CO., Chemists, 289. Strand, have,
+by an improved mode of Iodizing, succeeded in producing a Collodion equal,
+they may say superior, in sensitiveness and density of Negative, to any
+other hitherto published; without diminishing the keeping properties and
+appreciation of half tint for which their manufacture has been esteemed.
+
+Apparatus, pure Chemicals, and all the requirements for the practice of
+Photography. Instruction in the Art.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS.--OTTEWILL'S REGISTERED DOUBLE-BODIED FOLDING CAMERA,
+is superior to every other form of Camera, for the Photographic Tourist,
+from its capability of Elongation or Contraction to any Focal Adjustment,
+its extreme Portability, and its adaptation for taking either Views or
+Portraits.
+
+Every Description of Camera, or Slides, Tripod Stands, Printing Frames,
+&c., may be obtained at his MANUFACTORY, Charlotte Terrace, Barnsbury Road,
+Islington.
+
+New Inventions, Models, &c., made to order or from Drawings.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+W. H. HART, RECORD AGENT and LEGAL ANTIQUARIAN (who is in the possession of
+Indices to many of the early Public Records whereby his Inquiries are
+greatly facilitated) begs to inform Authors and Gentlemen engaged in
+Antiquarian or Literary Pursuits, that he is prepared to undertake searches
+among the Public Records, MSS. in the British Museum, Ancient Wills, or
+other Depositories of a similar Nature, in any Branch of Literature,
+History, Topography, Genealogy, or the like, and in which he has had
+considerable experience.
+
+1. ALBERT TERRACE, NEW CROSS, HATCHAM, SURREY.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+{308} MURRAY'S RAILWAY READING.
+
+Just ready, with Woodcuts, fcap. 8vo., 1s.
+
+THE GUILLOTINE. An Historical Essay. By the RIGHT HON. JOHN WILSON CROKER.
+Reprinted from "The Quarterly Review."
+
+The former Volumes of this Series are--
+
+LOCKHART'S ANCIENT SPANISH BALLADS.
+
+HOLLWAY'S MONTH IN NORWAY.
+
+LORD CAMPBELL'S LIFE OF LORD BACON.
+
+WELLINGTON. By JULES MAUREL.
+
+DEAN MILMAN'S FALL OF JERUSALEM.
+
+LIFE OF THEODORE HOOK.
+
+LORD MAHON'S STORY OF JOAN OF ARC.
+
+HALLAM'S LITERARY ESSAYS AND CHARACTERS.
+
+THE EMIGRANT. By SIR F. B. HEAD.
+
+WELLINGTON. By LORD ELLESMERE.
+
+MUSIC AND DRESS. By a LADY.
+
+LAYARD'S POPULAR ACCOUNT OF NINEVEH.
+
+BEES AND FLOWERS. By a CLERGYMAN.
+
+LORD MAHON'S HISTORY OF THE "FORTY-FIVE."
+
+ESSAYS FROM "THE TIMES."
+
+GIFFARD'S DEEDS OF NAVAL DARING.
+
+THE ART OF DINING.
+
+OLIPHANT'S JOURNEY TO NEPAUL.
+
+THE CHACE, THE TURF, AND THE ROAD. By NIMROD.
+
+JAMES' FABLES OF ÆSOP.
+
+To be followed by
+
+BEAUTIES OF BYRON: PROSE AND VERSE.
+
+A SECOND SERIES OF ESSAYS FROM "THE TIMES."
+
+The ANCIENT EGYPTIANS. By SIR J. G. WILKINSON.
+
+JOHN MURRAY, Albemarle Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+COMPLETION OF THE WORK.--On the 30th September, cloth 1s.; by Post, 1s.
+6d., pp. 192.--WELSH SKETCHES, THIRD (and Last) SERIES. By the Author of
+"Proposals for Christian Union." Contents:--1. Edward the Black Prince. 2.
+Owen Glendower, Prince of Wales. 3. Mediæval Bardism. 4. The Welsh Church.
+
+London: JAMES DARLING, 81. Great Queen Street, Lincoln's Inn Fields.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Now ready, price 25s., Second Edition, revised and corrected. Dedicated by
+Special Permission to THE (LATE) ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY.
+
+PSALMS AND HYMNS FOR THE SERVICE OF THE CHURCH. The words selected by the
+Very Rev. H. H. MILMAN, D.D., Dean of St. Paul's. The Music arranged for
+Four Voices, but applicable also to Two or One, including Chants for the
+Services. Responses to the Commandments, and a Concise SYSTEM OF CHANTING,
+by J. B. SALE. Musical Instructor and Organist to Her Majesty. 4to., neat,
+in morocco cloth, price 25s. To be had of Mr. J. B. SALE, 21. Holywell
+Street, Millbank, Westminster, on the receipt of a Post-office Order for
+that amount: and, by order, of the principal Booksellers and Music
+Warehouses.
+
+    "A great advance on the works we have hitherto had, connected with our
+    Church and Cathedral Service."--_Times._
+
+    "A collection of Psalm Tunes certainly unequalled in this
+    country."--_Literary Gazette._
+
+    "One of the best collections of tunes which we have yet seen. Well
+    merits the distinguished patronage under which it appears."--_Musical
+    World._
+
+    "A collection of Psalms and Hymns, together with a system of Chanting
+    of a very superior character to any which has hitherto
+    appeared."--_John Bull._
+
+London: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.
+
+Also, lately published,
+
+J. B. SALE'S SANCTUS, COMMANDMENTS and CHANTS as performed at the Chapel
+Royal St. James, price 2s.
+
+C. LONSDALE, 26. Old Bond Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+TO NUMISMATISTS, &c.--For Sale, on Moderate Terms, a considerable portion
+of the celebrated French Work entitled TRESOR DE NUMISMATIQUE ET DE
+GLYPTIQUE published under the Superintendence of MM. PAUL DELAROCHE,
+HENRIQUEL DUPONT, and CHARLES LENORMANT; 15 Parts. Paris, 1836. Royal
+folio, eight bound and seven unbound, in good condition, price Fifteen
+Guineas. For farther particulars, apply to
+
+MR. GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street, Where the Work may be seen.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION.--An EXHIBITION of PICTURES, by the most
+celebrated French, Italian, and English Photographers, embracing Views of
+the principal Countries and Cities of Europe, is now OPEN. Admission 6d. A
+Portrait taken by MR. TALBOT'S Patent Process, One Guinea; Three extra
+Copies for 10s.
+
+PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION, 168. NEW BOND STREET.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERA for SALE.--To be disposed of, A PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERA,
+with Combination Achromatic Lenses, and Apparatus for the Daguerreotype and
+Collodion Processes. Price 5l. 10s.
+
+Apply to E. FLOWER, 32. Gell Street, Sheffield.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+TO ALL WHO HAVE FARMS OR GARDENS.
+
+THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE.
+
+(The Horticultural Part edited by PROF. LINDLEY,)
+
+Of Saturday, September 17, contains Articles on
+
+  Agricultural College examinations
+  Anacharis alsinastrum, by Mr. Marshall
+  Antwerp, effect of the winter at
+  Arachis, oil of
+  Ash tree, leaves of
+  Books noticed
+  Bossiæas
+  Burnturk farm, noticed
+  Calendar, horticultural
+  ---- agricultural
+  Cider apple trees
+  Cineraria, culture of
+  Climate of Antwerp
+  ---- of India (with engraving)
+  College (Agr.) examinations
+  Conifers, new applications of leaves of, by M. Seemann
+  Coppice, how to prepare for fruit trees
+  Dahlias at Surrey show
+  Drainage discussion
+  Evergreens at Antwerp, effect of the winter on
+  Gomphrena amaranthus
+  Grass land, to improve
+  Ground nuts
+  Gymnopsis uniserialis
+  Henderson's (Messrs. E. G.) nursery
+  Hop mould
+  India, climate of (with engraving)
+  Leaves of the ash tree
+  Leschenaultia formosa
+  Manure, saw-dust as, by Mr. Mackenzie
+  Manuring, liquid
+  Martin Doyle
+  Milk preserving, by Mr. Symington
+  Newcastle Farmers' Club
+  Nuts, ground
+  Onions, by Mr. Symons
+  Orchard houses
+  Pig breeding farm, by Mr. Hulme
+  Pine wool, by M. Seemann
+  Plants, variegated, by Mr. Mackenzie
+  ---- vitality of
+  ---- new
+  Plums, Dowling's
+  Potato sets, dried, by Mr. Goodiff
+  Radish, Black Spanish
+  Reaping machines
+  Sawdust as manure, by Mr. Mackenzie
+  Sobralia fragrans
+  Steam culture
+  Stock, does live, pay? by Mr. Mechi
+  ---- value of, in the United States, by Mr. Shechan
+  Village excursions
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE and AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE contains, in addition to
+the above, the Covent Garden, Mark Lane, Smithfield, and Liverpool prices,
+with returns from the Potato, Hop, Hay, Coal, Timber, Bark, Wool, and Seed
+Markets, and a _complete Newspaper, with a condensed account of all the
+transactions of the week_.
+
+ORDER of any Newsvender. OFFICE for Advertisements, 5. Upper Wellington
+Street, Covent Garden, London.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+BEST HISTORY OF FRANCE.
+
+Price 5s. cloth, lettered.
+
+BONNECHOSE'S HISTORY OF FRANCE, translated by W. ROBSON, Translator of
+Michaud's "History of the Crusades."
+
+"This work is in general use in all the French schools, and the French
+Academy have recently decreed the Author the first Montyon prize."
+
+London: GEORGE ROUTLEDGE & CO., Farringdon Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+This Day is published, price 10s. 6d., the Second Volume of MISS AGNES
+STRICKLAND'S LIFE OF MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS, forming the Fourth Volume of her
+LIVES OF THE QUEENS OF SCOTLAND, and English Princesses connected with the
+Regal Succession. With a Portrait of Mary at the Age of Twenty-five, from
+the Original Painting presented by herself to Sir Henry Curwen of Workinton
+Hall.
+
+WILLIAM BLACKWOOD & SONS, Edinburgh and London.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 10. Stonefield Street, in the Parish
+of St. Mary, Islington, at No. 5. New Street Square, in the Parish of St.
+Bride, in the City of London; and published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186.
+Fleet Street, in the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of
+London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.--Saturday, September
+24. 1853.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Corrections made to printed original.
+
+page 290, "What were they?": 'What where they' in original.
+
+page 305, in the two expressions after "Let the number in question be" the
+final superscript (n) was printed as a subscript
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 204,
+September 24, 1853, by Various
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES ***
+
+***** This file should be named 27004-8.txt or 27004-8.zip *****
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+    <title>
+      Notes And Queries, Issue 204.
+    </title>
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+
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 204, September
+24, 1853, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Notes and Queries, Number 204, September 24, 1853
+       A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists,
+              Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc.
+
+Author: Various
+
+Editor: George Bell
+
+Release Date: October 24, 2008 [EBook #27004]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins
+and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
+http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images
+generously made available by The Internet Library of Early
+Journals.)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+</pre>
+
+<table border="0" cellpadding="10" style="background-color: #ccccff;">
+<tr>
+<td style="width:25%; vertical-align:top">
+Transcriber's note:
+</td>
+<td>
+A few typographical errors have been corrected. They
+appear in the text <span class="correction" title="explanation will pop up">like this</span>, and the
+explanation will appear when the mouse pointer is moved over the marked
+passage.
+</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><!-- Page 285 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page285"></a>{285}</span></p>
+
+<h1>NOTES AND QUERIES:</h1>
+
+<h2>A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES,
+GENEALOGISTS, ETC.</h2>
+
+<h3><b>"When found, make a note of."</b>&mdash;<span class="sc">Captain Cuttle</span>.</h3>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+
+<table width="100%" class="nomar" summary="masthead" title="masthead">
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left; width:25%">
+      <p><b>No. 204.</b></p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:center; width:50%">
+      <p><b><span class="sc">Saturday, September 24. 1853.</span></b></p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:right; width:25%">
+      <p><b>Price Fourpence.<br />Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+<h2>CONTENTS.</h2>
+
+
+<table width="100%" class="nomar" summary="Contents" title="Contents">
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left; width:94%">
+      <p><span class="sc">Notes</span>:&mdash;</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:right; width:5%">
+      <p>Page</p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Extinct Volcanos and Mountains of Gold in Scotland</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:right">
+      <p><a href="#page285">285</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Thomas Blount, Author of "Fragmenta Antiquitatis," &amp;c., by J.
+      B. Whitborne</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:right">
+      <p><a href="#page286">286</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>"Give him a Roll."&mdash;A Plea for the Horse, by C. Forbes</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:right">
+      <p><a href="#page287">287</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Dream Testimony, by C. H. Cooper</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:right">
+      <p><a href="#page287">287</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Shakspeare Correspondence</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:right">
+      <p><a href="#page288">288</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><span class="sc">Minor Notes</span>:&mdash;Epitaph from
+      Stalbridge&mdash;Curious Extracts: Dean Nowell: Bottled Beer&mdash;A
+      Collection of Sentences out of some of the Writings of the Lord
+      Bacon&mdash;Law and Usage&mdash;Manichæan Games&mdash;Bohn's
+      Hoveden&mdash;Milton at Eyford House</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:right">
+      <p><a href="#page289">289</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><span class="sc">Queries</span>:&mdash;</p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Earl of Leicester's Portrait, 1585</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:right">
+      <p><a href="#page290">290</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Early Use of Tin</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:right">
+      <p><a href="#page291">291</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>St. Patrick&mdash;Maune and Man, by J. G. Cumming</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:right">
+      <p><a href="#page291">291</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Passage in Bingham, by Richard Bingham</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:right">
+      <p><a href="#page291">291</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><span class="sc">Minor Queries</span>:&mdash;"Terræ
+      filius"&mdash;Daughter pronounced Dafter&mdash;Administration of the
+      Holy Communion&mdash;Love Charm from a Foal's Forehead&mdash;A
+      Scrape&mdash;"Plus occidit Gula," &amp;c.&mdash;Anecdote of
+      Napoleon&mdash;Canonisation in the Greek Church&mdash;Binometrical
+      Verses&mdash;Dictionary of English Phrases&mdash;Lines on
+      Woman&mdash;Collections for Poor Slaves&mdash;The Earl of Oxford and
+      the Creation of Peers&mdash;"Like one who wakes," &amp;c.</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:right">
+      <p><a href="#page292">292</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><span class="sc">Minor Queries with
+      Answers</span>:&mdash;Glossarial Queries&mdash;Military Knights of
+      Windsor&mdash;"Elijah's Mantle"</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:right">
+      <p><a href="#page294">294</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><span class="sc">Replies</span>:&mdash;</p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Milton and Malatesti, by S. W. Singer</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:right">
+      <p><a href="#page295">295</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Attainment of Majority</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:right">
+      <p><a href="#page296">296</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>John Frewen</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:right">
+      <p><a href="#page296">296</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>"Voiding Knife," "Voider," and "Alms-Basket," by W. Chaffers</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:right">
+      <p><a href="#page297">297</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>The Letter "h" in Humble</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:right">
+      <p><a href="#page298">298</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>School Libraries, by Mackenzie Walcott, M.A., &amp;c.</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:right">
+      <p><a href="#page298">298</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Dr. John Taylor</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:right">
+      <p><a href="#page299">299</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Portrait of Sir Anthony Wingfield, by John Wodderspoon,
+      &amp;c.</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:right">
+      <p><a href="#page299">299</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Barnacles</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:right">
+      <p><a href="#page300">300</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><span class="sc">Photographic
+      Correspondence</span>:&mdash;Precision in Photographic
+      Processes&mdash;Tent for Collodion&mdash;Mr. Sisson's Developing
+      Solution&mdash;Mr. Stewart's Pantograph</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:right">
+      <p><a href="#page301">301</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><span class="sc">Replies to Minor Queries</span>:&mdash;George
+      Browne of Shefford&mdash;Wheale&mdash;Sir Arthur Aston&mdash;"A
+      Mockery," &amp;c.&mdash;Norman of Winster&mdash;Arms of the See of
+      York&mdash;Roger Wilbraham Esq.'s, Cheshire
+      Collection&mdash;Pierrepont&mdash;Passage in Bacon&mdash;Monumental
+      Inscription in Peterborough Cathedral&mdash;Lord North&mdash;Land of
+      Green Ginger&mdash;Sheer, and Shear Hulk&mdash;Serpent with a Human
+      Head&mdash;"When the maggot bites"&mdash;Definition of a
+      Proverb&mdash;Gilbert White of Selborne, &amp;c.</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:right">
+      <p><a href="#page301">301</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p><span class="sc">Miscellaneous</span>:&mdash;</p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Notes on Books, &amp;c.</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:right">
+      <p><a href="#page306">306</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Books and Odd Volumes wanted</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:right">
+      <p><a href="#page306">306</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Notices to Correspondents</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:right">
+      <p><a href="#page306">306</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td style="text-align:left">
+      <p>Advertisements</p>
+    </td>
+    <td style="text-align:right">
+      <p><a href="#page307">307</a></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+<h2>Notes.</h2>
+
+<h3>EXTINCT VOLCANOS AND MOUNTAINS OF GOLD IN
+SCOTLAND.</h3>
+
+  <p>It is by some supposed that the Hill of Noth, in the parish of Rhynie,
+  Aberdeenshire, had at one time been a volcano in full operation: others,
+  again, maintain that the scoria found on and in the neighbourhood are
+  portions of a vitrified fort, which had at one time stood on its summit.
+  I am not aware that the matter has been investigated since our
+  advancement in the science of geology has enabled us to have a more
+  intimate knowledge of these things than formerly. The last statistical
+  account of Scotland has suffered severely in its Aberdeenshire volume, in
+  consequence of the temporary deposition of the "seven Strathbogie
+  clergymen." The accounts of their several parishes were written by
+  parties only newly come to reside in them, and who appear to have taken
+  little interest in it; and Rhynie is one of these. Those who argue for
+  its having been a volcano, say that it is very possible that there may at
+  one time have been an electric or magnetic chain connecting it with
+  subterranean fire in some other quarter of the world; and that by some
+  convulsion of nature, the spinal cord of its existence had been broken,
+  and life became extinct. This hypothesis has been acted on, in accounting
+  for the earthquakes which occur at Comrie in Perthshire. The great storm
+  which devastated the princely estates of Earl Goodwin in Kent (circa anno
+  1098), and now so well known to mariners as the Goodwin Sands, is also
+  said to have laid waste the parish of Forvie, in Aberdeenshire. On the
+  occasion of the great earthquake at Lisbon in 1755, a flock of sheep were
+  drowned in their cot in the neighbourhood of Lossiemouth, near Elgin, by
+  the overflowing of the tide, although far removed from ordinary
+  high-water-mark. Assuming this mountain to have been a volcano, are there
+  any others in Great Britain? While on the subject of mountains in that
+  quarter, there is another which also demands attention for quite a
+  different reason, the Hill of Dun-o-Deer, in the parish of Insch: a
+  conical hill of no great elevation, on the top of which stand the remains
+  of a vitrified fort <!-- Page 286 --><span class="pagenum"><a
+  name="page286"></a>{286}</span>or castle, said to have been built by King
+  Gregory about the year 880, and was used by that monarch as a
+  hunting-seat and where, combining business with pleasure, he is said to
+  have meted out even-handed justice to his subjects in the Garioch. It has
+  long been the popular belief that this hill contains gold; and that the
+  teeth of sheep fed on it assume a yellower tinge, and also that their fat
+  is of the same colour. Notwithstanding this, no attempt at scientific
+  investigation has ever been made. The operations on the line of the Great
+  North of Scotland Railway, now in progress in the immediate
+  neighbourhood, may possibly bring something to light. This line passes
+  for many miles through a country particularly rich in recollections of
+  the "olden time"&mdash;cairns, camps, old chapels, druidical circles,
+  sculptured stones, &amp;c. and where ancient coins, battle-axes of all
+  the three periods, urns and elf-arrow heads, Roman armour, &amp;c., have
+  been disinterred by the ordinary labours of the field. Within a short
+  distance of its route lies the Hill of Barra, where the famous battle was
+  fought, anno 1308, between the "Bruce" and the "Comyn;" the Bass at
+  Inverary, the Hill of Benachie, with the remains of a fortification on
+  its summit, said to have been erected by the Picts; the field of Harlaw,
+  famed in song, where the battle was fought in 1411, in which Donald of
+  the Isles was defeated. There are many traditional ballads and stories
+  relating to Benachie and Noth. There is a ballad called "John O'Benachie"
+  and another, "John O'Rhynie, or Jock O'Noth" and they do not appear in
+  any collection of ancient ballads I have seen. It is said that long
+  "before King Robert rang," two giants inhabited these mountains, and are
+  supposed to be the respective heroes of the two ballads. These two sons
+  of Anak appear to have lived on pretty friendly terms, and to have
+  enjoyed a social crack together, each at his own residence, although
+  distant some ten or twelve miles. These worthies had another amusement,
+  that of throwing stones at each other; not small pebbles you may believe,
+  but large boulders. On one occasion, however, there appears to have been
+  a coolness between them; for one morning, as he of Noth was returning
+  from a foraging excursion in the district of Buchan, his friend of
+  Benachie, not relishing what he considered an intrusion on his legitimate
+  beat, took up a large stone and threw at him as he was passing. Noth, on
+  hearing it rebounding, coolly turned round, and putting himself in a
+  posture of defence, received the ponderous mass on the sole of his foot:
+  and I believe that the stone, with a deeply indented foot-mark on it, is,
+  like the bricks in Jack Cade's chimney, "alive at this day to testify."
+  Legendary lore and fabulous ballads aside, it would indeed be strange if
+  something interesting to the antiquary does not turn up in such a mine as
+  this. It is curious, however, that in all the operations antecedent to
+  covering Great Britain with, as it were, a network of iron, so very few
+  discoveries should have been made of any importance, either to the
+  antiquary or geologist.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Abredonensis</span>.</p>
+
+<hr class="short" />
+
+<h3>THOMAS BLOUNT, AUTHOR OF "FRAGMENTA ANTIQUITATIS," ETC.</h3>
+
+  <p>Being on a visit to some friends on the confines of the county of
+  Salop, bordering on Herefordshire, I took the opportunity long cherished
+  of visiting the spot where lie the remains of the author of <i>Boscobel;
+  Fragmenta Antiquitatis, or Ancient Tenures of Land, and Jocular Customs
+  of Manors, &amp;c.</i>, and copied the following inscription from his
+  monument, in the chancel of the ancient church of Orleton in the latter
+  county. I believe it has never been published; and although neither Note
+  nor Query is connected with it, it may serve to fill up a corner in your
+  valuable miscellany, and thus preserve from the oblivion of a retired
+  country church, a memorial of one well known to the antiquarian world of
+  literature. It is on a brass plate inserted in a stone monument against
+  the wall of the chancel:</p>
+
+<p class="cenhead">"D.O.M.<br />
+Hic seminatur Corpus Animale<br />
+Spiritale resurrecturum<br />
+<span class="sc">Thomæ Blount</span>.<br />
+De Orleton in agro Herefordiensi Armigeri,<br />
+Ex interiori Templo Londini J Cti.<br />
+Viri priscis Moribus avitæ Fidei,<br />
+Vitæ integerrimæ, Pietatis solidæ,<br />
+Fidelitatem, Dilectionem, Amorem, Charitatem,<br />
+In Principem, Suos, Amicos, Omnes,<br />
+Illibate coluit.<br />
+Uxorem duxit<br />
+Annam<br />
+Filiam Eadmundi Church Armigeri<br />
+E Maldoniâ East Saxonum.<br />
+Unicâ Corporis prole.<br />
+(Elizabetha)<br />
+Mentis multiplici<br />
+(Libris utilissimis)<br />
+Familiam propagavit, perennavit Famam.<br />
+Requiem, Lector, si fas ducis, huic apprecare<br />
+Et melior abi.<br />
+Obiit Decembris 26, 1679. Ætatis 61.<br />
+&mdash;&mdash;<br />
+Pientissima Coniunx<br />
+m&oelig;rens<br />
+Posuit."</p>
+
+  <p>The village of Orleton is celebrated for a very large annual fair,
+  which occurs on April 23; and a saying is connected therewith: "That the
+  cuckoo always comes on Orleton fair-day;" which has doubtless arisen from
+  the circumstance, that this "messenger of spring" generally arrives in
+  this country by that day.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. B. Whitborne</span>.</p>
+
+<hr class="short" />
+
+<p><!-- Page 287 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page287"></a>{287}</span></p>
+
+<h3>"GIVE HIM A ROLL."&mdash;A PLEA FOR THE HORSE.</h3>
+
+  <p>We learn, from the comedy of the <i>The Clouds</i>, that the Athenians
+  were accustomed to refresh their horses after a race by allowing then to
+  roll on the ground; for Pheidippides, the wild young man of the play, who
+  spent much of his own time and of his father's money on the "turf," and
+  who is shown in the opening scene fast asleep in bed, dreaming of his
+  favourite amusement, says very quietly,</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>"<span title="Apage ton hippon exalisas oikade'" class="grk"
+  >&#x1F08;&pi;&alpha;&gamma;&epsilon; &tau;&#x1F78;&nu;
+  &#x1F35;&pi;&pi;&omicron;&nu;
+  &#x1F10;&xi;&alpha;&lambda;&#x1F77;&sigma;&alpha;&sigmaf;
+  &omicron;&#x1F34;&kappa;&alpha;&delta;&epsilon;"</span> [32]&mdash;</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>an order which he had probably often given to his groom at the
+  Hippodrome, the Newmarket or Ascot of Athens.</p>
+
+  <p>I have often seen racing, I have often seen hunters brought home after
+  a hard day's work, and I have read of forced marches, &amp;c. made by
+  cavalry and artillery; but never yet have I heard of an English
+  Houyhnhnm, either at home or abroad, who was invited to refresh himself
+  after his labours, civil or military, classically, with a
+  <i>roll</i>.</p>
+
+  <p>Dobbin, that four-footed Ofellus,</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>"Rusticus, abnormis sapiens, crassâque Minervâ,"</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>whenever he has the luck to spend his summer Sunday's <i>otium cum
+  dignitate</i> in a paddock, invariably indulges in a baker's dozen,
+  without waiting for an invitation to do so, and without saying "with your
+  leave" or "by your leave."</p>
+
+  <p>They ordered this matter better in Africa some fifty years ago, and I
+  hope they still continue so to order it.</p>
+
+  <p>By one of the stipulations of the hollow Peace of Amiens, the colony
+  of the Cape of Good Hope was restored by Great Britain to the Batavian
+  Republic, which immediately appointed Mr. J.&nbsp;A. de Mist its
+  Commissary-General, and despatched him to receive the ceded territory
+  from the hands of the English, to instal the new Governor, General J.&nbsp;W.
+  Janssens, into his high office, and to reorganise the constitution of the
+  colony.</p>
+
+  <p>Having fulfilled these duties, Mr. De Mist determined to make a tour
+  of inspection, and he accordingly travelled <i>on horseback</i> nearly
+  4500 English miles through the interior. Among his suite was a Dr.
+  Lichtenstein, the physician and <i>savant</i> of the party, who
+  afterwards published an account of the expedition.</p>
+
+  <p>The extract that I am about to make from his work may at first sight
+  appear unnecessarily long; but I wish the "courteous reader" to bear in
+  mind that I do not cite it for the sake of parading a long rambling
+  comment on five short words of Aristophanes, but for that of bringing
+  forward additional evidence, to prove that a dry roll may occasionally be
+  of as much service in recruiting the strength and spirits of that noble
+  animal, the horse, when jaded by violent exertion or long-protracted
+  toil, as our English nostrums, a warm mash or a bottle of water. Dr.
+  Lichtenstein says,&mdash;</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>"Our road led us soon again over the Vogel river and here we were
+  obliged to supply ourselves with water for the whole day, since not a
+  drop was to be met with again till the Melk river, a distance of ten
+  hours [ = 50 English miles]. When we had filled our vessels, and our
+  cattle had drunk plentifully, we proceeded on our way.</p>
+
+  <p>"It is difficult for an European to form an idea of the hardships that
+  are to be encountered in a journey over such a dry plain at the hottest
+  season of the year. All vegetation seems utterly destroyed; not a blade
+  of grass, not a green leaf, is anywhere to be seen; and the soil, a stiff
+  loam, reflects back the heat of the sun with redoubled force; a man may
+  congratulate himself that, being on horseback, he is raised some feet
+  above it. Nor is any rest from these fatigues to be thought of, since to
+  stop where there is neither shade, water, or grass, would be only to
+  increase the evil, rather than to diminish it.</p>
+
+  <p>"Yet the African horses are so well accustomed to hardships, although
+  they have in fact much less innate strength than the European, that it is
+  incredible what a length of way they will go, in the most intense heat,
+  without either food or drink. It is, however, customary for the riders to
+  dismount at intervals, when the saddles are taken off, and the animals
+  are suffered to roll upon the ground and stretch out their limbs for a
+  short time. This they do with evident delight, and after they have well
+  rolled, stretched, and shaken themselves, they rise up and go on as much
+  refreshed as if they had had food and drink given them. On arriving at a
+  farm, the invitation of the host, who comes immediately to the door, is,
+  'Get off, Sir, and let him roll.' A slave then appears, takes the horse,
+  and leads him backwards and forwards for a few minutes, to recover his
+  breath, and he is then unsaddled and left to roll.</p>
+
+  <p>"These rollings were then the only refreshment we could offer our
+  horses, and both they and their riders were, when towards evening they
+  arrived at the Melk river, exceedingly exhausted."&mdash;<i>Travels in
+  Southern Africa in the Years 1803-1806</i>. By Henry Lichtenstein, Doctor
+  in Medicine and Philosophy, &amp;c. &amp;c. Translated from the original
+  German by Anne Plumptre: London, Henry Colburn, 1812; vol. i. chap.
+  xxv.</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">C. Forbes</span>.</p>
+
+  <p class="address">Temple.</p>
+
+<hr class="short" />
+
+<h3>DREAM TESTIMONY.</h3>
+
+  <p>On Saturday the 30th of July, 1853, the dead body of a young woman was
+  discovered in a field at Littleport, in the Isle of Ely. The body has not
+  yet been identified, and there can be little doubt that the young woman
+  was murdered. At the adjourned inquest, held on the 29th of August,
+  before Mr. William Marshall, one of the coroners for the isle, the
+  following extraordinary evidence was given:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>"James Jessop, an elderly, respectable-looking labourer, with a face
+  of the most perfect stolidity, and <!-- Page 288 --><span
+  class="pagenum"><a name="page288"></a>{288}</span>who possessed a most
+  curiously-shaped skull, broad and flat at the top, and projecting greatly
+  on each side over the ears, deposed: 'I live about a furlong and a half
+  from where the body was found. I have seen the body of the deceased. I
+  had never seen her before her death. On the night of Friday, the 29th of
+  July, I dreamt three successive times that I heard the cry of murder
+  issuing from near the bottom of a close called Little Ditchment Close
+  (the place where the body was found). The first time I dreamt I heard the
+  cry it woke me. I fell asleep again, and dreamt the same again. I then
+  woke again, and told my wife. I could not rest; but I dreamt it again
+  after that. I got up between four and five o'clock, but I did not go down
+  to the close, the wheat and barley in which have since been cut. I dreamt
+  once, about twenty years ago, that I saw a woman hanging in a barn, and
+  on passing the next morning the barn which appeared to me in my dream I
+  entered, and did find a woman there hanging, and cut her down just in
+  time to save her life. I never told my wife I heard any cries of murder,
+  but I have mentioned it to several persons since. I saw the body on the
+  Saturday it was found. I did not mention my dream to any one till a day
+  or two after that. I saw the field distinctly in my dream and the trees
+  thereon, but I saw no person in it. On the night of the murder the wind
+  lay from that spot to my house.'</p>
+
+  <p>"Rhoda Jessop, wife of the last witness, stated that her husband
+  related his dreams to her on the evening of the day the body was
+  found."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>In Mr. John Hill Burton's <i>Narratives from Criminal Trials in
+  Scotland</i>, is a chapter entitled "Spectral and Dream Testimony," to
+  which the above evidence will be a curious addition.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">C. H. Cooper</span>.</p>
+
+  <p class="address">Cambridge.</p>
+
+<hr class="short" />
+
+<h3>SHAKSPEARE CORRESPONDENCE.</h3>
+
+  <p><i>"Priam's six-gated city," &amp;c.</i>&mdash;In the prologue to
+  Troilus and Cressida occurs&mdash;</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; . &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; . &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; . &nbsp; &nbsp;Priam's six-gated city,</p>
+      <p>Dardan and Tymbria, Ilias, Chetas, Trojan,</p>
+      <p>And Antenorides, with massy staples,</p>
+      <p>And corresponsive and fulfilling bolts."</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p>What struck me here was the omission of the only gate of Troy really
+  known to fame, <i>the Scæan</i>, which looked on the tomb of the founder
+  Laomedon; before which stood Hector, "full and fixed," awaiting the fatal
+  onslaught of Achilles; where Achilles, in turn, received his death-wound
+  from the shaft of Paris; and through which, finally, the wooden horse was
+  triumphantly conveyed into the doomed city.</p>
+
+  <p>The six names are shown to be taken by Shakspeare in part from Caxton,
+  and in part from Lydgate: and in Knight's edition we are told that they
+  are "pure inventions of the middle age of romance-writers."</p>
+
+  <p>Let us examine this assertion. The names are to be found pretty nearly
+  as above, but with one important difference, in Dares' <i>History of the
+  Trojan War</i>. My authority is Ruæus, the Delphine editor of Virgil (see
+  his note at <i>Æn.</i> <span class="scac">II.</span> 612.). Now Dares
+  (perhaps the oldest of the profane writers whom we know) was a Phrygian,
+  who took part in the Trojan war, and wrote its history in Greek: and the
+  Greek original was still extant in the time of Ælian, from <span
+  class="scac">A.D.</span> 80 to 140. Of this, now lost, a Latin
+  translation still survives, by some attributed to Cornelius Nepos, and by
+  some regarded as spurious; but, either way, its date must be long
+  antecedent to "the middle age of romance-writers." It was doubtless from
+  this Latin history that Caxton or Lydgate, or both, derived directly or
+  indirectly the names they adopted; and yet it is to be noted that they
+  give respectively the names of <i>Chetas</i> and <i>Cetheas</i> to one of
+  their gates, and omit the well-known <i>Scæan</i>, which Dares expressly
+  mentions; for I presume that no principle of philology will sanction the
+  identification of <i>Scæan</i> with either of the terms used by these two
+  writers.</p>
+
+  <p>I have trespassed somewhat on your space, but let me hope the subject
+  may be farther elucidated. The points I wish to put forward are,
+  Shakspeare's omission of the Scæan gate, and the proposition by Knight
+  (for a proposition it is, though in a participular form), that these six
+  names are "pure inventions of the middle age of romance-writers."</p>
+
+  <p class="author">W. T. M.</p>
+
+  <p class="address">Hong Kong.</p>
+
+  <p><i>On the Word "delighted" in "Measure for Measure," &amp;c.</i> (Vol.
+  viii., p. 241.).&mdash;Inasmuch as the controversy respecting this word
+  seems to be over, and no one of the critics and commentators on
+  Shakspeare's text appears to have the slightest clue to the real meaning
+  and derivation, I will enlighten them. But, first, I must say, I am
+  surprised that <span class="sc">Dr. Kennedy</span> should (though he has
+  certainly hit on the right meaning) be unable to give a better account of
+  the word than that in Vol. ii., pp. 139. 250. And as to the passage
+  quoted (Vol. ii., p. 200) by <span class="sc">Mr. Singer</span> from
+  Sidney's <i>Arcadia</i>, I beg to inform him that the word
+  <i>delight</i>, which occurs therein, is a misprint for
+  <i>daylight</i>!</p>
+
+  <p>We find, in the Latin, the substantive <i>deliciæ</i>, delight,
+  pleasure, enjoyment; and the adjective (derived from the same root, and
+  <i>guiding us to the original meaning of the substantive</i>)
+  <i>delicatus</i>, which amongst other meanings, has that of tender, soft,
+  gentle, delicate, dainty.</p>
+
+  <p>As the early English scholars were not very particular about the
+  <i>form</i> of the words they introduced from the Latin, or indeed of
+  those which were purely English, for they changed them at their
+  pleasure,&mdash;and that this is the case, I presume no one at all versed
+  in the literature of the time of Henry VIII. will dispute,&mdash;it
+  requires no great exertion of fancy to believe, that, finding <!-- Page
+  289 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page289"></a>{289}</span>the
+  substantive <i>deliciæ</i> Englished <i>delight</i>, they rendered the
+  adjective <i>delicatus</i> delighted. The <i>fact</i> that they
+  <i>did</i> use the words <i>delight</i> and <i>delicate</i> as
+  synonymous, is proved by a passage in "a boke named the <i>Gouernour</i>
+  deuised by Syr Thomas Elyot, Knyght, Londini, 1557;" in which, at folio
+  203., p. 1., we find Titus, the son of Vespasian, who was ordinarily
+  termed "the delight of mankind," called "the delicate of the world."</p>
+
+  <p>We are therefore to conclude that the words <i>delicate</i> and
+  <i>delighted</i> were used indifferently by writers of the age of
+  Shakspeare, as well as by those previous to him, to express the same
+  thing; and that by the phrase "delighted spirit" in <i>Measure for
+  Measure</i>, "delighted beauty" in <i>Othello</i>, "delighted gifts" in
+  <i>Cymbeline</i>, we are to understand, exquisitely tender, delicate, or
+  precious.</p>
+
+  <p>I cannot agree with <span class="sc">Dr. Kennedy</span> that
+  <i>deliciæ</i>, <i>delicatus</i> come from <i>deligere</i> rather than
+  <i>delicere</i>; since, if my memory does not deceive me, the former is
+  as often, if not oftener, used by good writers to express to drive away,
+  to upset, to remove from, or detach&mdash;as to select or
+  choose&mdash;which is the only meaning the word has akin to
+  <i>deliciæ</i>; whereas <i>delicere</i> is actually used by one of the
+  earlier Latin poets for to delight.</p>
+
+  <p>The word <i>dainty</i>, I may inform <span class="sc">Dr.
+  Kennedy</span>, is from the obsolete French <i>dein</i> or <i>dain</i>,
+  delicate; which probably came from the still older Teut. <i>deinin</i>,
+  <i>minuta</i> (vid. Schilter).</p>
+
+  <p class="author">H. C. K.</p>
+
+  <p class="address">&mdash;&mdash; Rectory, Hereford.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+<h2>Minor Notes.</h2>
+
+  <p><i>Epitaph from Stalbridge.</i>&mdash;The following epitaph from the
+  churchyard of Stalbridge, Dorsetshire, may perhaps be thought worthy of
+  preservation, if it be not a hackneyed one:</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"So fond, so young, so gentle, so sincere,</p>
+      <p>So loved, so early lost, may claim a tear:</p>
+      <p>Yet mourn not, if the life, resumed by heaven,</p>
+      <p>Was spent to ev'ry end for which 'twas given.</p>
+      <p>Could he too soon escape this world of sin?</p>
+      <p>Or could eternal life too soon begin?</p>
+      <p>Then cease his death too fondly to deplore,</p>
+      <p>What could the longest life have added more?"</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p class="author">C. W. B.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Curious Extracts.&mdash;Dean Nowell&mdash;Bottled Beer.</i>&mdash;I
+  was somewhat hasty in assuming (see Vol. vii., p. 135.) that bottled beer
+  was an unknown department in early times, as the following extract will
+  show. It is from Fuller's <i>Worthies of England</i>, under "<span
+  class="sc">Lancashire</span>," the subject of the notice being no less a
+  person than the grave divine Alexander Nowell, dean of St. Paul's, author
+  of the Catechism, whose fondness for angling is also commemorated by
+  Izaak Walton. Fuller, having noticed the narrow escape which Nowell had
+  from arrest by some of Bishop Bonner's emissaries in Queen Mary's reign,
+  having had a hint to fly whilst fishing in the Thames, "whilst Nowell was
+  catching of fishes, Bonner was catching of Nowell," proceeds to
+  say,&mdash;</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>"Without offence it may be remembered that, leaving a bottle of ale,
+  when fishing, in the grass, he found it some days after no bottle, but a
+  gun, such the sound at the opening thereof: and this is believed
+  (casualty is the mother of more inventions than industry<a
+  name="footnotetag1" href="#footnote1"><sup>[1]</sup></a>) the original of
+  bottled ale in England."&mdash;Nuttall's edit., vol. ii. p. 205.</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Balliolensis</span>.</p>
+
+<div class="note">
+  <a name="footnote1"></a><b>Footnote 1:</b><a
+  href="#footnotetag1">(return)</a>
+  <p>Fuller might have quoted the Greek proverb, <span title="Tuchê technês esterxe kai technê tuchês." class="grk"
+  >&Tau;&#x1F7B;&chi;&eta; &tau;&#x1F73;&chi;&nu;&eta;&sigmaf;
+  &#x1F14;&sigma;&tau;&epsilon;&rho;&xi;&epsilon; &kappa;&alpha;&#x1F76;
+  &tau;&#x1F73;&chi;&nu;&eta; &tau;&#x1F7B;&chi;&eta;&sigmaf;.</span></p>
+
+</div>
+  <p><i>A Collection of Sentences out of some of the Writings of the Lord
+  Bacon</i> (i. 422. edit. Montagu), with the ensuing exceptions, is taken
+  out of the <i>Essays</i>, and in regular order:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>No. 1. p. 33. of the same volume. <br />
+  No. 2. p. 21. <br />
+  No. 3. p. 5. <br />
+  No. 4. p. 8. <br />
+  No. 51. My reference is illegible: the words are,&mdash;"Men seem neither
+  well to understand their riches nor their strength: of the former they
+  believe greater things than they should; and of the latter, much less.
+  And from hence, certain fatal pillars have bounded the progress of
+  learning." <br />
+  No. 68. pp. 173. 272. 321. <br />
+  No. 69. p. 185. <br />
+  No. 70. p. 176. <br />
+  No. 71. Vol. vi., p. 172. The Charge of Owen, &amp;c. <br />
+  Nos. 72, 73. Vol. vii., p. 261. The Speech before the Summer Circuits,
+  1617.</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p class="author">S. Z. Z. S.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Law and Usage.</i>&mdash;In <i>The Times</i> of September 1, the
+  Turkish correspondent writes as follows:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>"Mahmoud Pasha declared in the Divan of the 17th that 'he would
+  divorce his wife, but would not advise a dishonourable peace with
+  Russia.' This is an expression of the strongest kind in use amongst the
+  Turks."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>It is worth a Note that, in spite of polygamy and divorce, a common
+  proverb is monogamic, and divorce is spoken of as the greatest of
+  unlikelihoods.</p>
+
+  <p class="author">M.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Manichæan Games.</i>&mdash;Take any game played by two persons,
+  such as draughts, and let the play be as follows: each plays his best for
+  himself, and follows it by playing the worst he can for the other. Thus,
+  when it is the turn of the white to play, he first plays the white as
+  well as he can; and then the black as badly (for the other player) as he
+  can. The black then does the best he can with the black, and follows it
+  by the worst he can <!-- Page 290 --><span class="pagenum"><a
+  name="page290"></a>{290}</span>do for the white. Of course, by separating
+  the good and evil principles, four persons might play.</p>
+
+  <p class="author">M.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Bohn's Hoveden.</i>&mdash;By way of expressing my sense of
+  obligation to Mr. Bohn and his editors for the <i>Antiquarian
+  Library</i>, perhaps you will suffer me to point out what appears to be
+  an inaccuracy in the translation of Roger de Hoveden's <i>Annals</i>? At
+  p. 123. of vol. ii., the word <i>Suuelle</i> (as it appears to stand in
+  the original text) is translated into <i>Swale</i>: but surely no other
+  place is here meant than the church of St. Mary's at <i>Southwell</i><a
+  name="footnotetag2" href="#footnote2"><sup>[2]</sup></a> (or
+  <i>Suthwell</i>, <i>Sudwell</i>, <i>Suwell</i>, or <i>Suell</i>, as
+  variously spelt, but never <i>Swale</i>), in Nottinghamshire.</p>
+
+  <p>I would also notice a trifling error (perhaps only a misprint) at p.
+  125.; where we are informed in a note, that the Galilee of Durham
+  Cathedral is at the <i>east</i> end, whereas its real position is at the
+  <i>west</i>.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. Sansom</span>.</p>
+
+  <p class="address">Oxford.</p>
+
+<div class="note">
+  <a name="footnote2"></a><b>Footnote 2:</b><a
+  href="#footnotetag2">(return)</a>
+  <p>The seal of the vicars of Southwell, ann. 1262, had in its
+  circumference the words "Commune sigillum Vicariorum Suuell."&mdash;Vid.
+  Thoroton's <i>Nottinghamshire, North Muskham</i>, ed. 1796, vol. iii. p.
+  156.</p>
+
+</div>
+  <p><i>Milton at Eyford House, Gloster.</i>&mdash;In the British Museum
+  (says Wilson in his description of Christ's College, Cambridge) is the
+  original proclamation for Milton's appearance after the Restoration.
+  Where was he secreted? I find this note in my book:&mdash;At Eyford
+  House, Gloucestershire, within two miles of Stow-on-the-Wold, on the road
+  to Cheltenham, a spring of beautiful water is called "Milton's Well,"
+  running into a tributary of the Thames. The old house, &amp;c., at the
+  time would be out of the way of common information.</p>
+
+  <p class="author">P. J.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+<h2>Queries.</h2>
+
+<h3>EARL OF LEICESTER'S PORTRAIT, 1585.</h3>
+
+  <p>There is at Penshurst, among many other interesting memorials of the
+  Dudleys, an original portrait of Elizabeth's Earl of Leicester, with the
+  following painted upon it: "Robert, E. of Leicester, Stadtholder of
+  Holland, <span class="scac">A.D.</span> 1585." After this comes the
+  ragged staff, but without its usual accompaniment, the bear. Under the
+  staff follow these enigmatical lines, which I request any of your
+  correspondents to translate and explain. I send you a translation in
+  rhyme; I should thank them the more if they would do the same: as to
+  explanation, the longer the better.</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"Principis hic Baculus, patriæ columenque, decusque,</p>
+      <p>Hoc uno, ingratos quo beet, ipse miser."</p>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p>This ragged staff by Leicester's potent hand,</p>
+      <p>Brought succour, safety, to this threaten'd land:</p>
+      <p>One thing alone embitters every thought,</p>
+      <p>He to ungrateful men these blessings brought.</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p>Now for a word of commentary: and first as to "Stadtholder of Holland,
+  <span class="scac">A.D.</span> 1585." The good woman who showed the
+  picture informed us that it was painted by order of the stadtholder, and
+  presented to Leicester; if so, there would have been a <i>jussu
+  provinciarum f&oelig;deratarum depictus</i>, or something of that sort;
+  but no such compliment was to be expected from the Dutch, for they hated
+  him, complained of his conduct, memorialised the queen against him: see
+  the pamphlets in the British Museum, 4to. 1587, C. 32. a. 2. But though
+  it was most unlikely that the Dutch or their stadtholder should have
+  presented this picture to Leicester, it well accorded with Leicester's
+  vanity and presumption, and still more with that vanity and presumption
+  as displayed in his conduct as commander-in-chief of the forces in
+  Holland, to call himself <i>The Stadtholder</i>, and to order his painter
+  to put that title under his portrait.</p>
+
+  <p>The verses may now be referred to in support of this view of the
+  subject. Leicester therein represents himself as unhappy, because he had
+  bestowed blessings on the ungrateful Dutch.</p>
+
+  <p>In conclusion, take the following full-length portrait of Leicester's
+  indignation (<i>Leicester, a Belgis vituperatus, loquitur</i>):</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"This ragged staff my resolution shows,</p>
+      <p>To save my Queen and Holland from their foes:</p>
+      <p>Still deeply seated in my heart remains</p>
+      <p>One cause, one fruitful cause, of all my pains;</p>
+      <p class="hg1">'Tis base ingratitude&mdash;'tis Holland's hate.</p>
+      <p>My presence sav'd that country, chang'd its fate.</p>
+      <p>But the base pedlars gain'd my sov'reign's ear,</p>
+      <p>And at my counsels and my courage sneer;</p>
+      <p>They call me tyrant, breaker of my word,</p>
+      <p>Fond of a warrior's garb without his sword.</p>
+      <p>A servile courtier, saucy cavalier,</p>
+      <p>Bold as a lion when no danger's near,</p>
+      <p>They say I seek their country for myself,</p>
+      <p>To fill my bursting bags with plunder'd pelf;</p>
+      <p>They say with goose's, not with eagle's wing,</p>
+      <p>I wish to soar, and make myself a king.</p>
+      <p>Dutchmen! to you I came, I saw, I sav'd:</p>
+      <p>Where'er my staff, my bear, my banner wav'd,</p>
+      <p>The daunted Spaniard fled without a blow,</p>
+      <p>And bloodless chaplets crown'd my conquering brow.</p>
+      <p>Dutchmen! with minds more stagnant than your pools,</p>
+      <p>(But in reproachful words more knaves than fools),</p>
+      <p>You will not see, nor own the debt you owe</p>
+      <p>To him who conquers a retreating foe.</p>
+      <p>Such base ingratitude as this alloys</p>
+      <p>My triumph's glory, and my bosom's joys."</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p class="author">V. T.</p>
+
+  <p class="address">Tunbridge Wells.</p>
+
+<hr class="short" />
+
+<p><!-- Page 291 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page291"></a>{291}</span></p>
+
+<h3>EARLY USE OF TIN.</h3>
+
+  <p>Mr. Layard, in his work upon Nineveh and Babylon, in reference to the
+  articles of bronze from Assyria now in the British Museum, states, that
+  the <i>tin</i> used in the composition was probably obtained from
+  Ph&oelig;nicia; and, consequently, that <i>that</i> used in the Assyrian
+  bronze may actually have been <i>exported</i> nearly <i>three
+  thousand</i> years ago from the British Isles.</p>
+
+  <p>The Assyrians appear to have made an extensive use of this metal; and
+  the degree of perfection which the making of bronze had then reached,
+  clearly shows that they must have been long experienced in the use of it.
+  <i>They</i> appear to have received what they used from the
+  Ph&oelig;nicians. <i>When</i> and <i>by whom</i> was tin first discovered
+  in our island? Were the <i>Celtic tribes</i> acquainted with it
+  <i>previously</i> to the arrival of the Ph&oelig;nicians upon our
+  shores?</p>
+
+  <p>It is said that the Ph&oelig;nicians were indebted to the Tyrian
+  Hercules for their trade in tin; and that this island owed them its name
+  of <i>Baratanac</i>, or Britain, the land of tin. Was the <i>Tyrian
+  Hercules</i>, or, as he was afterwards known and worshipped, as the
+  Melkart of Tyre, and the Moloch of the Bible, was <i>he</i> the
+  <i>merchant-leader</i> of the first band of Ph&oelig;nicians who visited
+  this island? <i>When</i> did <i>he</i> live?</p>
+
+  <p class="author">G. W.</p>
+
+  <p class="address">Stansted, Montfichet.</p>
+
+<hr class="short" />
+
+<h3>ST. PATRICK&mdash;MAUNE AND MAN.</h3>
+
+  <p>Amongst the many strange derivations given of the name of Mona or Man
+  (the island), I find one in an old unpublished MS. by an unknown author,
+  of the date about 1658, noticed by Feltham (<i>Tour through the Isle of
+  Man</i>, p. 8.), on which I venture to ground a Query. The name of the
+  island is there said to have been derived from Maune, the name of the
+  great apostle of the Mann, before he received that of Patricius from Pope
+  Celestine.</p>
+
+  <p>Now if St. Patrick ever had the name Maune, he could not have given it
+  to the island, which was called Mona, Monabia, and Menavia, as far back
+  as the days of Cæsar, Tacitus, and Pliny. I have not access to any life
+  of St. Patrick in which the name Maune occurs; but in the <i>Penny
+  Cyclopædia</i>, under the head "Patrick," I find it said, "According to
+  Nennius, St. Patrick's original name was Maur," and I find the same
+  stated in Rose's <i>Biographical Dictionary</i>. But the article in the
+  latter is evidently taken from the former, and I suspect the Mau<i>r</i>
+  may in both be a misprint for Mau<i>n</i>.<a name="footnotetag3"
+  href="#footnote3"><sup>[3]</sup></a> Can "N. &amp; Q." set me right, or
+  give me any information likely to solve the difficulty?</p>
+
+  <p>I may as well notice here that amongst the many ways in which the name
+  of this island has been pronounced and spelt, that of <i>Maun</i> seems
+  to have prevailed at the period of the Norwegian occupation. On a Runic
+  monument at Kirk Michael, we have it very distinctly so spelt.</p>
+
+  <p>With regard to the name Mona, applied both to Man and Anglesea, I have
+  little doubt we may find its root in the Sanscrit <i>man</i>, to know,
+  worship, &amp;c., whence we have Manu the son of Brahma, Menu, Menes,
+  Minos, Moonshee, and Monk. The name Mona would seem to have been applied
+  to both islands, as being specially the habitation of the Druids, whose
+  name probably came either from the Celtic <i>Trow-wys</i>, wisemen, or
+  the Saxon <i>dru</i>, a soothsayer, very close in signification to the
+  Sanscrit <i>mooni</i>, a holy sage, learned person. As connected with
+  this idea I may ground another Query: Might not these two Monas, the
+  abode of piety and wisdom, be the true, <span title="makarôn nêsoi" class="grk"
+  >&mu;&alpha;&kappa;&alpha;&rho;&omega;&nu;
+  &nu;&eta;&sigma;&omicron;&iota;</span>, the <i>Fortunatæ Insulæ</i> of
+  the ancients?</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. G. Cumming</span>.</p>
+
+  <p class="address">Castletown.</p>
+
+<div class="note">
+  <a name="footnote3"></a><b>Footnote 3:</b><a
+  href="#footnotetag3">(return)</a>
+  <p>In <i>Monumenta Historica Britannica</i> the passage reads "Quia
+  <i>Maun</i> prius vocabatur." In a note from another MS. the word is
+  spelt <i>Mauun</i>.&mdash;<span class="sc">Ed.</span></p>
+
+</div>
+<hr class="short" />
+
+<h3>PASSAGE IN BINGHAM.</h3>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">Mr. Richard Bingham</span>, whose new and improved
+  edition of his ancestor's works is now printing at the Oxford University
+  Press, would feel sincerely obliged to any literary friend who should
+  become instrumental in discovering the following passage from one of the
+  sermons of Augustine:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>"Non mirari debetis, fratres carissimi, quod inter ipsa mysteria de
+  mysteriis nihil diximus, quod non statim ea, quæ tradidimus, interpretati
+  sumus. Adhibuimus enim tam sanctis rebus atque divinis honorem
+  silentii."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>Joseph Bingham (b. x. ch. v. s. 11.) cites those words as from "Serm.
+  I., inter 40. a Sirmondo editos," which corresponds with Serm. V.
+  according to the Benedictine edition, Paris, 1689&mdash;1700, tom. v. p.
+  28.; but no such words occur in that sermon. The passage is daggered by
+  Grishovius, who first gave the citations at length; neither has <span
+  class="sc">Mr. R. Bingham</span> hitherto been able to meet with it,
+  though a great many similar desiderata in former editions he has
+  discovered and corrected.</p>
+
+  <p>An answer through "N. &amp; Q." will oblige; still more so if sent
+  direct to his present address, 57. Gloucester Place, Portman Square,
+  London.</p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">Mr. Bingham</span> would also be glad to be informed
+  where Athanasius uses the term <span title="diakonos" class="grk"
+  >&delta;&iota;&#x1F71;&kappa;&omicron;&nu;&omicron;&sigmaf;</span>,
+  generally for any minister of the church, whether deacon, presbyter, or
+  bishop? Joseph Bingham (b. ii. ch. xx. s. 1.) cites the tract <i>Contra
+  Gentes</i>, but the expression is not there.</p>
+
+<p><!-- Page 292 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page292"></a>{292}</span></p>
+
+  <p>The earlier a reply comes the more acceptable will it be.</p>
+
+  <p>57. Gloucester Place, Portman Square.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+<h2>Minor Queries.</h2>
+
+  <p><i>"Terræ filius."</i>&mdash;When was the last "Terræ filius" spoken
+  at Oxford; and what was the origin of the name?</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">W. Fraser</span>.</p>
+
+  <p class="address">Tor-Mohun.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Daughter pronounced Dafter.</i>&mdash;In the Verney Papers lately
+  printed by the Camden Society is a letter from a Mistress Wiseman, in
+  which she spells <i>daughter</i> "daftere." It is evident that she
+  pronounced the <i>-augh</i> as we do in laughter. Is this pronunciation
+  known to prevail anywhere at the present day?</p>
+
+  <p class="author">C. W. G.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Administration of the Holy Communion.</i>&mdash;Which side,
+  <i>north</i> or <i>south</i>, is the more correct for the priest to
+  commence administering the Holy Sacrament of the Lord's Supper? Give the
+  authority or reasons in support of your opinion. I cannot find any
+  allusion in Hook's <i>Church Dictionary</i>, or in Wheatly's <i>Common
+  Prayer</i>; and I have seen some clergymen begin one end, some the
+  other.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Clericus (A.)</span>.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Love Charm from a Foal's Forehead.</i>&mdash;I have searched some
+  time, but in vain, in order to find out what the <i>lump</i> or <i>love
+  charm</i>, taken out of a foal's forehead, was called. Virgil mentions it
+  in <i>Æneid</i>, lib. iv. 515., where Dido is preparing her funeral pile,
+  &amp;c.:</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"Quæritur et nascentis equi de fronte revulsus,</p>
+      <p>Et matri præreptus, <i>amor</i>."</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p>Tacitus also makes mention of it continually. I have no doubt but that
+  through your interesting and learned columns I shall obtain an answer. It
+  was not <i>philtrum</i>.</p>
+
+  <p class="author">H. P.</p>
+
+  <p><i>A Scrape.</i>&mdash;What is the origin of the expression "Getting
+  into a scrape?"</p>
+
+  <p class="author">Y. B. N. J.</p>
+
+  <p><i>"Plus occidit Gula," &amp;c.</i>&mdash;Can any of your
+  correspondents direct me where the following passage is to be
+  found?&mdash;</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"Plus occidit gula, quam gladius."</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p class="author">T.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Anecdote of Napoleon.</i>&mdash;I remember to have heard of a young
+  lady, one of the <i>detenus</i> in France after the Peace of Amiens,
+  having obtained her liberation through a very affecting copy of verses of
+  her composition, which, by some means, came under the notice of Napoleon.
+  The Emperor was so struck with the strain of this lament, that he
+  forwarded passports, with an order for the immediate liberation of the
+  fair writer. Can any of your correspondents verify this anecdote, and
+  supply a copy of the verses?</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Balliolensis</span>.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Canonisation in the Greek Church.</i>&mdash;Does the Greek Church
+  ever now canonise, or add the names of the saints to the Calendar?</p>
+
+  <p>If so, by whom is the ceremony performed?</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Antony Close</span>.</p>
+
+  <p class="address">Woodhouse Eaves.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Binometrical Verses.</i>&mdash;Who made the following
+  verse?&mdash;</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"Quando nigrescit nox, rem latro patrat atrox."</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p>It is either hexameter or pentameter, according to the scansion?</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">C. Mansfield Ingleby</span>.</p>
+
+  <p class="address">Birmingham.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Dictionary of English Phrases.</i>&mdash;Is there in English any
+  good dictionary of phrases similar to the excellent <i>Frasologia
+  Italiana</i> of P. Daniele?</p>
+
+  <p class="author">G. K.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Lines on Woman.</i>&mdash;W. V. will be glad to know if any of the
+  correspondents of "N. &amp; Q." can tell where the following lines are to
+  be found?&mdash;</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"Not she with traitrous kiss her master stung,</p>
+      <p>Not she denied him with unfaithful tongue;</p>
+      <p><i>She</i>, when apostles fled, could danger brave,</p>
+      <p>Last at his cross, and earliest at his grave."</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p><i>Collections for Poor Slaves.</i>&mdash;I have met with the
+  following memorandum in a parish register, and have seen notices of
+  similar entries in others:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>"1680. Collected for the redemption of poor slaves in Turkey, the sum
+  of 2<i>s.</i> 8<i>d.</i>"</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>Can you refer me to the king's letter authorising such collections to
+  be made?</p>
+
+  <p class="author">W. S.</p>
+
+  <p class="address">Northiam.</p>
+
+<div class="note">
+  <p>[Some information upon this point will be found in "N. &amp; Q.," Vol.
+  i., p. 441.; Vol. ii., p 12.]</p>
+
+</div>
+
+  <p><i>The Earl of Oxford and the Creation of Peers.</i>&mdash;Where will
+  be found the answer made by the Earl of Oxford when impeached in the
+  reign of Queen Anne for creating in one day twelve peers?</p>
+
+  <p class="author">S. N.</p>
+
+  <p><i>"Like one who wakes," &amp;c.</i>&mdash;Can any of your readers
+  supply the authorship and connexion of the following lines?&mdash;</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"Like one who wakes from pleasant sleep,</p>
+      <p class="i1">Unto the cares of morning."</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p class="author">C. W. B.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Bells at Berwick-upon-Tweed.</i>&mdash;Can any one favour me with a
+  parallel or similar case, in respect to bells, to what I recently met
+  with at Berwick-upon-Tweed? The parish church, which is the only one in
+  the town, and a mean structure of Cromwell's time, is without either
+  tower or <!-- Page 293 --><span class="pagenum"><a
+  name="page293"></a>{293}</span>bell; and the people are summoned to
+  divine service from the belfry of the town-hall, which has a very
+  respectable steeple. Indeed, so much more ecclesiastical in appearance is
+  the town-hall than the Church, that (as I was told) a regiment of
+  soldiers, on the first Sunday after their arrival at Berwick, marched to
+  the former building for divine service, although the church stood
+  opposite the barrack gate. My kind informant also told me that he found a
+  strange clergyman one Sunday morning trying the town-hall door, and
+  rating the absent sexton; having undertaken to preach a missionary
+  sermon, and become involved in the same mistake as the soldiers.</p>
+
+  <p>But more curious still was the news that there is a meeting-house in
+  Berwick belonging to the anti-burghers, who are dissenters from the
+  Church of Scotland, which has a bell, for the ringing of which, as a
+  summons to worship, Barrington, Bishop of Durham, granted a licence,
+  which still exists. I was not aware that bishops either had, or
+  exercised, the power of licensing bells; but my informant will, I doubt
+  not, on reading this, either verify or correct the statement. At the time
+  when the bell was licensed, the congregation were in communion with the
+  Church of Scotland.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Alfred Gatty</span>.</p>
+
+  <p><i>The Keate Family, of the Hoo, Herts.</i>&mdash;I shall be obliged
+  to any of your readers for information respecting the <i>Sir Jonathan
+  Keate, Bart.</i>, of the Hoo, Hertfordshire, who was living in the year
+  1683; also for any particulars respecting his family? I especially desire
+  to know what were his relations to the religious parties of the time, as
+  I have in my possession the journal of a nonconformist minister, who was
+  his domestic chaplain from 1683 to 1688.</p>
+
+  <p class="author">G. B. B.</p>
+
+  <p class="address">Cambridge.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Divining-rod.</i>&mdash;Can any of the correspondents of "N. &amp;
+  Q." supply instances of the use of the divining-rod for finding water? I
+  know several circumstances which might incline one, in these
+  table-turning days, to inquire seriously whether there be any truth in
+  the popular notion.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">G. W. Skyring</span>.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Medal and Relic of Mary Queen of Scots.</i>&mdash;I have in my
+  possession a medal, the size of a crown piece, of base metal, with
+  perhaps some admixture of silver. On one side of this are the arms of
+  Scotland with two thistles, and the legend&mdash;</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>MARIA ET HENRICUS DEI GRATIA R: ET R: SCOTORUM,</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>and the reverse, a yew-tree with a motto of three words, of which the
+  last seems to be <span class="scac">VIRES</span>, the date 1566, and the
+  legend&mdash;</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>EXURGAT DEUS ET DISSIPANTUR INIMICI.</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>Associated with this for a very considerable period has been a small
+  wooden cross, which is said to have been made from the yew-tree under
+  which Mary and Darnley had been accustomed to meet.</p>
+
+  <p>I have been told that there is some farther tradition or superstition
+  connected with these relics: if there be, I shall be glad to be informed
+  of it, or of any other particulars concerning them.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">W. Fraser</span>.</p>
+
+  <p class="address">Tor-Mohun.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Bulstrode's Portrait.</i>&mdash;Prefixed to a copy in my possession
+  of <i>Essays upon the following Subjects: 1. Generosity, &amp;c.</i>, by
+  Whitelock Bulstrode, Esq., 8vo. Lond. 1724, there is a portrait of the
+  author, bearing this note in MS.: "This scarce portrait has sold for
+  7<i>l.</i>" It is engraved by Cole from a picture by Kneller, in oval
+  with armorial bearings below, and is subscribed "Anno Salutis 1723,
+  ætatis 72." I am at a loss to suppose it ever could have fetched the
+  price assigned to my impression by its previous owner, and should feel
+  obliged if any of your correspondents would state whether, from any
+  peculiar circumstances, it may have become rare, and so acquired an
+  adventitious value. It does not appear to have been known to Granger.</p>
+
+  <p>While the two names are before me, I venture to inquire how the
+  remarkable interchange occurred between that of <i>Whitelock
+  Bulstrode</i> the Essayist, and <i>Bulstrode Whitelock</i> the
+  Memorialist, of the parliamentary period. Was there any family
+  connexion?</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Balliolensis</span>.</p>
+
+  <p><i>The Assembly House, Kentish Town.</i>&mdash;Can any of your
+  antiquarian correspondents give me a clue as to the date, or probable
+  date, of the erection of this well-known roadside public-house (I beg
+  pardon, tavern), which is now being pulled down? I am desirous of
+  obtaining some slight account of the old building, having just completed
+  an etching, from a sketch taken as it appeared in its dismantled state.
+  Possibly some anecdotes may be current regarding it. I learn from a rare
+  little tome, entitled <i>Some Account of Kentish Town</i>, published at
+  that place in 1821, and written, I believe, by a Mr. Elliot, that the
+  Assembly House was formerly called the Black Bull. The writer of this
+  Query asked "one of the oldest inhabitants," who was seated on a
+  door-step opposite the house, <i>his</i> opinion concerning its age:
+  considering a little, the old gentleman seriously said he thought it
+  might be two or three <i>thousand</i> years at least! This opinion I am
+  afraid to accept as correct, and I would therefore seek, through the
+  medium of "N. &amp; Q.," some information which may be more depended
+  upon.</p>
+
+  <p class="author">W. B. R.</p>
+
+  <p class="address">Camden New Town.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Letters respecting Hougomont.</i>&mdash;Could any reader of "N.
+  &amp; Q." kindly furnish the undersigned with certain Letters, which have
+  recently <!-- Page 294 --><span class="pagenum"><a
+  name="page294"></a>{294}</span>appeared in <i>The Times</i>, on "The
+  Defence of Hougomont?" Such letters, extracted, would be of much service
+  to him, as they are wanted for a specific purpose. The letters from
+  Saturday, Sept. 10, <i>inclusive</i>, are <i>already</i> obtained: but
+  the letters on the subject previous to that date are wanting, and would
+  greatly favour, if it were possible to have them,</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Aran</span>.</p>
+
+  <p class="address">Swillington.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Peter Lombard.</i>&mdash;Mr. Hallam, in his <i>Literature of
+  Europe</i> (vol. i. p. 128.), says, on the authority of Meiners (vol.
+  iii. p. 11.):</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>"Peter Lombard, in his <i>Liber Sententiarum</i>, the systematic basis
+  of scholastic theology, introduces <i>many</i> Greek words, and explains
+  them rightly."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>Having, however, examined this work for the purpose of ascertaining
+  Peter Lombard's knowledge of Greek, I must, out of regard to strict
+  truth, deny the statement of Meiners; for only one Greek word in Greek
+  letters is to be found in the <i>Liber Sententiarum</i>, and that is
+  <span title="metanoia" class="grk"
+  >&mu;&epsilon;&tau;&#x1F71;&nu;&omicron;&iota;&alpha;</span>: and so far
+  frown Peter explaining this word rightly, he says, 'P&oelig;nitentia
+  dicitur a puniendo" (lib. <span class="scac">IV</span>. dist. xiv.); an
+  etymological notion which caused Luther to think wrongly of the nature of
+  repentance, till he learnt the meaning of the Greek word, which he
+  received with joy as the solution of one of his greatest difficulties in
+  Romanism. I do not consider the introduction of such Latinized church
+  words as <i>ecclesia</i>, <i>episcopus</i>, <i>presbyter</i>, or even
+  <i>homoöusius</i>, as evincing any knowledge of Greek on the part of
+  Peter Lombard, wherein he appears to have been lamentably deficient, as
+  the great teacher and authority for centuries in Christian dogmatics.
+  Your correspondents will greatly oblige me by showing anything to the
+  contrary of my charge against Peter Lombard of being ignorant of
+  Greek.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">T. J. Buckton</span>.</p>
+
+  <p class="address">Birmingham.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Life of Savigny.</i>&mdash;Is there in French or English any life
+  or memoir of Savigny?</p>
+
+  <p class="author">C. H.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Picture by Hogarth.</i>&mdash;Some years since a gentleman
+  purchased at Bath the first sketch of a picture said to be by Hogarth, of
+  "Fortune distributing her favours." Shortly afterwards a gentleman called
+  on the purchaser of it, and mentioned to him that he knew the finished
+  painting, and that it was in the panelling of some house with which he
+  was acquainted.</p>
+
+  <p>I am desirous of finding out for the family of the purchaser, who died
+  recently, 1st, whether there is any history that can be attached to this
+  picture and 2ndly, to discover, if possible, in whose possession, and
+  where, the finished painting is preserved.</p>
+
+  <p class="author">J. K. R. W.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+<h2>Minor Queries with Answers.</h2>
+
+  <p><i>Glossarial Queries.</i>&mdash;In a Subsidy Roll of 25 Edward I., in
+  an enumeration of property in the parish of Skirbeck, near Boston,
+  Lincolnshire, upon which a <i>ninth</i> was granted to the king, I find
+  the following articles and their respective value. What <span
+  class="correction" title="Original reads `where'.">were</span>
+  they?&mdash;</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"3 alece, 18<i>s.</i></p>
+      <p>1 bacell cum arment. 15<i>s.</i>"</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p>In the taxation of <i>Leake</i> I find&mdash;</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"9 hocast<span class="over">r</span>. 6<i>s.</i>"</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p>In that of <i>Leverton</i>&mdash;</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"4 hocast<span class="over">r</span>. 4<i>s.</i>"</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p>In <i>Butterwick</i>&mdash;</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"1 pull. 12<i>d.</i>"</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p>In <i>Wrangle</i>&mdash;</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"1 stag<span class="over">g</span>. 2<i>s.</i>"</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Pishey Thompson</span>.</p>
+
+  <p class="address">Stoke Newington.</p>
+
+<div class="note">
+  <p>[It is very desirable that in all cases Querists desirous of
+  explanations of words, phrases, or passages, should give the context.</p>
+
+  <p>3 <i>Alece</i>, were it not for the price, one would render
+  "herrings;" but the price, 18<i>s.</i>, forbids such interpretation.
+  Perhaps <i>alece</i> is a misreading for <i>vacce</i>, cows; which might
+  well occur in a carelessly written roll temp. Edward I.</p>
+
+  <p>1 <i>bacell cum arme<span class="over">n</span>t</i>. is 1 <i>bacellus
+  cum armamentis</i>, one ass (or pack-horse) with its furniture.</p>
+
+  <p>9 <i>hocast<span class="over">r</span></i>. is 9 <i>pigs</i>.
+  "Hogaster, porcellus."&mdash;Du Cange.</p>
+
+  <p>1 <i>pull</i>. (i.e. <i>pullulus</i>), 1 colt.</p>
+
+  <p>1 <i>stag<span class="over">g</span></i>., a yearling ox.]</p>
+
+</div>
+
+  <p><i>Military Knights of Windsor.</i>&mdash;I shall feel obliged to any
+  of your correspondents who will furnish some account, or refer me to any
+  work in which notices may be found of this foundation, its statutes, mode
+  of appointment, endowments, &amp;c.? Up to the reign of William IV. they
+  were known, I believe, as Poor Knights of Windsor.</p>
+
+  <p class="author">Y. B. N. J.</p>
+
+<div class="note">
+  <p>[Consult Ashmole's <i>History of the Order of the Garter</i>, pp.
+  99-104., edit. 1715. Among the Birch and Sloane MSS. in the British
+  Museum are the following articles: No. 4845. Statutes for the Poor
+  Knights of Windsor, 1 Eliz. Orders and rules for the establishment and
+  good government of the said thirteen poor knights. The Queen's Majestie's
+  ordinances for the continual charges. No. 4847. Articles of complaint
+  exhibited by the Poor Knights (to the Knights of the Garter) against the
+  Dean and Canons. The Dean and Canons' answer to the Poor Knights' second
+  replication. The complaint of the Poor Knights to King Richard II. A
+  petition of the Poor Knights to the king and parliament for a repeal of
+  the act of incorporation, A. 22 Edw. IV. The petition of the Poor Knights
+  of Windsor to George II., Jan. 28, 1735. This petition was drawn up by
+  Mr. Fortescue, <!-- Page 295 --><span class="pagenum"><a
+  name="page295"></a>{295}</span>afterwards Master of the Rolls. The Poor
+  Knights' rejoinder to their former petition. The memorial of the Poor
+  Knights to John Willes, Esq., Attorney-General. Another petition to J.
+  Willes, Esq. Copy of an indenture between Queen Elizabeth and the Dean
+  and Chapter of Lands, to the value of 600<i>l.</i> a year and upwards,
+  for the maintenance of the Poor Knights, 1 Eliz. Orders and rules for the
+  establishment and good government of the said thirteen Poor Knights. The
+  case of the Poor Knights (printed), with several other papers relating to
+  them.]</p>
+
+</div>
+
+  <p><i>"Elijah's Mantle."</i>&mdash;Who was the author of <i>Elijah's
+  Mantle</i>? And are there any grounds for ascribing it to Canning?</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">W. Fraser.</span></p>
+
+  <p class="address">Tor-Mohun.</p>
+
+<div class="note">
+  <p>[This poem was attributed to Canning, as noticed by Mr. Bell, in his
+  <i>Life of George Canning</i>, p. 206. He says, "Mr. Canning's reputation
+  was again put into requisition as sponsor for certain verses that
+  appeared at this time in the public journals. The best of these is a
+  piece called <i>Elijah's Mantle</i>."]</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+<h2>Replies.</h2>
+
+<h3>MILTON AND MALATESTI.</h3>
+
+<p class="cenhead">(Vol. ii., p. 146.; Vol. viii., p. 237.)</p>
+
+  <p>When I gave some account of <i>La Tina</i> of Antonio Malatesti, and
+  its dedication to Milton, two years since, I was not aware that it had
+  been printed, as I had no other edition of Gamba's <i>Serie dell'
+  Edizioni de' Testi di Lingua</i>, than the first printed in 1812. That
+  account was derived from the original MS. which formerly passed through
+  my hands. I fear that my friend <span class="sc">Mr. Bolton Corney</span>
+  will be disappointed if he should meet with a copy of the printed book,
+  for the MS. contained no other dedication than the inscription on the
+  title-page, of which I made a tracing. It represents an inscribed stone
+  tablet, in the following arrangement:</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="i4hg3">"LA</p>
+      <p>Tina Equiuoci Rusticali</p>
+      <p>di Antonio Malatesti c&#x14D;-</p>
+      <p>&nbsp; posti nella sua Villa di</p>
+      <p>Taiano il Settembre dell'</p>
+      <p class="i2">L'Anno, 1637.</p>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p>Sonetti Ciquanta</p>
+      <p>Dedicati all' Ill<sup>mo</sup> Signore</p>
+      <p>Et Padrone Oss<sup>mo</sup> Il Signor'</p>
+      <p>Giouanni Milton Nobil'</p>
+      <p class="i3">Inghilese."</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p>I copied at the time eight of these equivocal sonnets, and in my
+  former notice gave one as a specimen. They are certainly very ingenious,
+  and may be "graziosissimi" to an Italian ear and imagination; but I
+  cannot think that the pure mind of Milton would take much delight in
+  obscene allusions, however neatly wrapped up.</p>
+
+  <p>Milton seems to have dwelt with pleasure on his intercourse with these
+  witty, ingenious, and learned men, during his two-months' sojourn at
+  Florence; and it is remarkable that Nicolas Heinsius has spoken of the
+  same men, in much the same terms, in his dedication to Carlo Dati of the
+  second book of his <i>Italici Componimenti</i>:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>"Sanctum mehercules habebo semper Jo. Bapt. Donij memoriam, non tam
+  suo nomine (et si hoc quoque) aut quod Frescobaldos, Cavalcantes,
+  Gaddios, Cultellinos, alios urbis vestræ viros precipuos mihi
+  conciliarit, quorum amicitiam feci hactenus, et faciam porrò maximi, quam
+  quod tibi me conjunxerit, mi Date; cujus opera in notitiam, ac
+  familiaritatem plurimorum apud vos hominum eximiorum mox irreperem."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>And, after mentioning others, he adds:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>"Quid de Valerio Chimentellio, homine omni literatura perpolita,
+  dicam? Quid de Joanne Pricæo? qui ingens civitati vestræ ornamentum ex
+  ultima nuper accessit Britannia."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>One feels some decree of disappointment at not meeting here with the
+  name of Milton.</p>
+
+  <p>Of the distinguished men mentioned by Milton, some interesting notices
+  occur in that curious little volume, the <i>Bibliotheca Aprosiana</i>.
+  Benedetto Buommattei and Carlo Dati are well known from their important
+  labours; and of the others there are scattered notices in <i>Rilli
+  Notizie degli Uomini Illustre Fiorentine</i>, and in <i>Salvini Fasti
+  Consolari dell' Accademia Fiorentina</i>. I have an interesting little
+  volume of Latin verses by Jacopo Gaddi, with the following title
+  <i>Poetica Jacobi Gaddii Corona e Selectis Poematiis, Notis Allegoriis
+  contexta</i>, Bononiæ, 1637, 4to.</p>
+
+  <p>There is a good deal of ingenious and pleasing burlesque poetry extant
+  by Antonio Malatesti. I have before mentioned his <i>Sphinx</i>: of this
+  I have a dateless edition, apparently printed about the middle of the
+  last century at Florence: the title is <i>La Sfinge Enimmi del Signor
+  Antonio Malatesti</i>. Commendatory verses are prefixed by Chimentelli,
+  Coltellini, and Galileo Galilei. The last, from the celebrity of the
+  writer, may deserve the small space it will occupy in your pages. It is
+  itself an enigma:</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="i2hg3">"<span class="sc">Del Signor Galileo Galilei</span></p>
+      <p class="i6"><span class="sc">Sonetto</span>.</p>
+      <p>Mostro son' io più strano, e più difforme,</p>
+      <p>Che l'Arpià, la Sirena, o la Chimera;</p>
+      <p>Nè in terra, in aria, in acqua è alcuna fiera,</p>
+      <p>Ch' abbia di membra così varie forme.</p>
+      <p>Parte a parte non hô che sia conforme,</p>
+      <p>Più che s' una sia bianca, e l' altra nera;</p>
+      <p>Spesso di Cacciator dietro hô una schiera,</p>
+      <p>Che de' miei piè van ritracciando l' orme.</p>
+      <p>Nelle tenebre oscure è il mio soggiorno;</p>
+      <p>Che se dall' ombre al chiaro lume passo,</p>
+      <p>Tosto l' alma da me sen fugge, come</p>
+      <p>Sen fugge il sogno all' apparir del giorno,</p>
+      <p>E le mie membra disunito lasso,</p>
+      <p>E l' esser perdo con la vita, è l nome."</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+<p><!-- Page 296 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page296"></a>{296}</span></p>
+
+  <p>Three more sonnets by this illustrious man are printed by Salvini in
+  his <i>Fasti</i>, of which he says:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>"I quali esendo parto di si gran mente, mi concederà la gloria il
+  benigno lettore, che io, ad honore della Toscana Poesia, gli esponga il
+  primo alla publica luce."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>Dr. Fellowes was not singular in confounding Dati and Deodati; it has
+  been done by Fenton and others: but that Dr. Symmons, in his <i>Life of
+  Milton</i> (p. 133.), should transform <i>La Tina</i> into a
+  <i>wine-press</i>, is ludicrously amusing. <i>La Tina</i> is the rustic
+  mistress to whom the sonnets are supposed to be addressed; and every one
+  knows that <i>rusticale</i> and <i>contadinesca</i> is that naïve and
+  pleasing rustic style in which the Florentine poets delighted, from the
+  expressive nature of the patois of the Tuscan peasantry; and it might
+  have been said of Malatesti's sonnets, as of another rustic poet:</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"Ipsa Venus lætos jam nunc migravit in agros</p>
+      <p class="i1">Verbaque Aratoris Rustica discit Amor."</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p>I may just remark that the <i>Clementillo</i> of Milton should not be
+  rendered <i>Clementini</i>, but <i>Chimentelli</i>. As Rolli tells
+  us,&mdash;</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>"Clementillus fu quel Dottore <i>Valerio Chimentelli</i> di cui
+  leggesi una vaghissima Cicalata nel sesto volume delle Prose
+  Fiorentine."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">S. W. Singer</span>.</p>
+
+  <p class="address">Mickleham.</p>
+
+<hr class="short" />
+
+<h3>ATTAINMENT OF MAJORITY.</h3>
+
+<p class="cenhead">(Vol. viii., pp. 198. 250.)</p>
+
+  <p>I greatly regret that there should be anything in the matter or manner
+  of my Query on this subject to induce <span class="sc">Mr. De
+  Morgan</span> to reply to it more as if repelling an offence, than
+  assisting in the investigation of an interesting question on a subject
+  with which he is supposed to be especially conversant. I can assure him
+  that I had no other object in writing <i>ninth</i> numerically instead of
+  literally, or in omitting the words he has restored in brackets, or in
+  italicising two words to which I wished my question more particularly to
+  refer, than that of economising space and avoiding needless repetition;
+  and in the use of the word "usage" rather than "law," of which he also
+  complains, I was perhaps unduly influenced by the title of his own
+  treatise, from which I was quoting. But however I may have erred from
+  exact quotation, it is manifest I did not misunderstand the sense of the
+  passage, since <span class="sc">Mr. De Morgan</span> now repeats its
+  substance in these words,&mdash;</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>"I cannot make out that the law ever recognised a day of twenty-four
+  hours, beginning at any hour except midnight."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>This is clearly at direct issue with Ben Jonson, whose introduced
+  phrases, "pleaded nonage," "wardship," "pupillage," &amp;c., seem to
+  smack too much of legal technology to countenance the supposition of
+  poetic license.</p>
+
+  <p>But had I not accidentally met with an interesting confirmation of Ben
+  Jonson's law of usage, or usage of law, I should not have put forth my
+  Query at all, nor presumed to address it to <span class="sc">Professor De
+  Morgan</span>; my principal reason for so doing being that the interest
+  attaching to discovered evidence of a forgotten usage in legal reckoning,
+  must of course be increased tenfold if it should appear to have been
+  unknown to a gentleman of such deep and acknowledged research into that
+  and kindred subjects.</p>
+
+  <p>In a black-letter octavo entitled <i>A Concordancie of Yeares</i>,
+  published in and for the year 1615, and therefore about the very time
+  when Ben Jonson was writing, I find the following in chap. xiii.:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>"The day is of two sorts, natural and artificiall: the natural day is
+  the space of 24 hours, in which time the sunne is carried by the first
+  Mover, from the east into the west, and so round about the world into the
+  east againe."</p>
+
+  <p>"The artificiall day continues from sunne-rising to sunne-setting: and
+  the artificiall night is from the sunne's setting to his rising. And you
+  must note that this natural day, according to divers, hath divers
+  beginnings: As the Romanes count it from mid-night to mid-night, because
+  at that time our Lorde was borne, being Sunday; and so do we account it
+  for fasting dayes. The Arabians begin their day at noone, and end at
+  noone the next day; for because they say the sunne was made in the
+  meridian; and so do all astronomers account the day, because it alwayes
+  falleth at one certaine time. The Umbrians, the Tuscans, the Jewes, the
+  Athenians, Italians, and Egyptians, do begin their day at sunne-set, and
+  so do we celebrate festivall dayes. The Babylonians, Persians, and
+  Bohemians begin their day at sunne-rising, holding till sunne-setting;
+  <i>and so do our lawyers count it in England</i>."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>Here, at least, there can be no supposition of dramatic fiction; the
+  book from which I have made this extract was written by Arthur Hopton, a
+  distinguished mathematician, a scholar of Oxford, a student in the
+  Temple; and the volume itself is dedicated to "The Right Honourable Sir
+  Edward Coke, Knight, Lord Chiefe Justice of England," &amp;c.</p>
+
+  <p class="author">A. E. B.</p>
+
+  <p class="address">Leeds, Sept. 10.</p>
+
+<hr class="short" />
+
+<h3>JOHN FREWEN.</h3>
+
+<p class="cenhead">(Vol. viii., p. 222.)</p>
+
+  <p>He is supposed to have been the son of Richard Frewen, of Earl's Court
+  in Worcestershire, and was born either at that place or in its immediate
+  vicinity in the early part of the year 1558. Richard Frewen purchased the
+  presentation to Northiam rectory, in Sussex, of Viscount Montague, and
+  presented John Frewen to it in Nov. 1583; and <!-- Page 297 --><span
+  class="pagenum"><a name="page297"></a>{297}</span>he continued to hold
+  that living till his death, which took place at the end of April, 1628.
+  He was buried in the chancel of his own church, May 2nd; and a plain
+  stone on the floor, with an inscription, marks the place of his
+  interment. He was a learned and pious Puritan divine, and wrote:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>1. "Certaine Fruitfull Instructions and necessary Doctrine meete to
+  edify in the feare of God." 1587, 18mo.</p>
+
+  <p>2. "Certaine Fruitfull Instructions for the generall Cause of
+  Reformation against the Slanders of the Pope and League, &amp;c." 1589,
+  small 4to.</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>3. He edited and wrote the preface to&mdash;</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>"A Courteous Conference with the English Catholickes Romane, about the
+  Six Articles administered unto the Seminarie Priestes, wherein it is
+  apparently proved by theire own divinitie, and the principles of their
+  owne religion, that the Pope cannot depose her Majestie, or release her
+  subjects of their alleageance unto her, &amp;c.; written by John Bishop,
+  a recusant Papist." 1598. Small 4to.</p>
+
+  <p>4. "Certaine Sermons on the 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 verses of the
+  Eleventh chapter of S. Paule his Epistle to the Romanes." 1612, 12mo.</p>
+
+  <p>5. "Certaine choise Grounds and Principles of our Christian Religion."
+  1621, 12mo.</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>6. A large unpublished work in MS. entitled "Grounds and Principles of
+  Christian Religion," left unfinished (probably age and infirmity
+  prevented him from completing it): it consisted of seven books, of which
+  two only (the fourth and fifth, of 95 and 98 folio pages respectively)
+  have been preserved.</p>
+
+  <p>John Frewen had three wives, and by each of the first two several
+  children, of whom the following lived to grow up, viz. by Eleanor his
+  first wife, (1.) Accepted Frewen, Archbp. of York; (2.) Thankful F.,
+  Purse Bearer and Secretary of Petitions to Lord Keeper Coventry; (3.)
+  John F., Rector of Northiam; (4.) Stephen F., Alderman of the Vintry
+  Ward, London; (5.) Mary, wife of John Bigg of Newcastle-upon-Tyne; (6.)
+  Joseph F. By his second wife, Helen, daughter of &mdash;&mdash; Hunt,
+  J.&nbsp;F. had (7.) Benjamin, Citizen of London; (8.) Thomas F.; (9.) Samuel,
+  Joseph, Thomas, and Samuel joined Cromwell's army for invading Ireland;
+  and one of them (Captain Frewen) fell at the storming of Kilkenny;
+  another of them died at Limerick of the plague, which carried off General
+  Freton; the other (Thomas) founded a family at Castle Connel, near
+  Limerick.</p>
+
+  <p>John Frewen's <i>Sermons</i> in 1612 are in some respects rare; but
+  the following copies are extant, viz. one in the Bodleian at Oxford; one
+  in the University Library at Cambridge; one in possession of Mr. Frewen
+  at Brickwall, Northiam; and one sold by Kerslake of Bristol, for
+  7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>, to the Rev. John Frewen Moor, of Bradfield,
+  Berks.</p>
+
+  <p>If <span class="sc">R. C. Warde</span>, of Kidderminster, has a copy
+  which he would dispose of, he may communicate with T.&nbsp;F., Post-office,
+  Northiam, who would be glad to purchase it.</p>
+
+  <p class="author">J. F.</p>
+
+<hr class="short" />
+
+<h3>"VOIDING KNIFE," "VOIDER," AND "ALMS-BASKET."</h3>
+
+<p class="cenhead">(Vol. vi., pp. 150. 280.; Vol. viii., p. 232.)</p>
+
+  <p>In later times (the sixteenth century) the good old custom of placing
+  an <i>alms-dish</i> on the table was discontinued, and with less
+  charitable intentions came the less refined custom of removing the broken
+  victuals after a meal by means of a <i>voiding-knife</i> and
+  <i>voider</i>: the latter was a basket into which were swept by a large
+  wand, usually of wood, or <i>voiding-knife</i>, as it was termed, all the
+  bones and scraps left upon the trenchers or scattered about the table.
+  Thus, in the old plays, <i>Lingua</i>, Act V. Sc. 13.: "Enter Gustus with
+  a <i>voiding-knife</i>;" and in <i>A Woman killed with Kindness</i>,
+  "Enter three or four serving men, one with a <i>voider</i> and <i>wooden
+  knife</i> to take away."</p>
+
+  <p>The voider was still sometimes called the <i>alms-basket</i>, and had
+  its charitable uses in great and rich men's houses: one of which was to
+  supply those confined in gaols for debt, and such prisoners as had no
+  means to purchase any food.</p>
+
+  <p>In Green's <i>Tu Quoque</i>, a spendthrift is cast into prison; the
+  jailer says to him:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>"If you have no money, you had best remove into some cheaper ward; to
+  the twopenny ward, it is likeliest to hold out with your means; or, if
+  you will, you may go into the <i>hole</i>, and there you may feed for
+  nothing."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>To which he replies:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>"Ay, out of the <i>alms-basket</i>, where charity appears in likeness
+  of a piece of stinking fish."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>Even this poor allowance to the distressed prisoners passed through
+  several ordeals before it came to them; and the best and most wholesome
+  portions were filched from the <i>alms-basket</i>, and sold by the
+  jailers at a low price to people out of the prison. In the same play it
+  is related of a miser, that&mdash;</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>"He never saw a joint of mutton in his own house these four-and-twenty
+  years, but always cozened the poor prisoners, for he brought his victuals
+  out of the <i>alms-basket</i>."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>In the ordinances of Charles II. (<i>Ord. and Reg. Soc. Ant.</i>
+  367.), it is commanded&mdash;</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>"That no gentleman whatsoever shall send away my meat or wine from the
+  table, or out of the chamber, upon any pretence whatsoever; and that the
+  gentlemen-ushers take particular care herein, that all the meate that is
+  taken off the table upon trencher-plates be put into a basket for the
+  poore, and not undecently eaten by any servant in the roome; and if any
+  person shall presume to do otherwise, he shall be prohibited <!-- Page
+  298 --><span class="pagenum"><a
+  name="page298"></a>{298}</span>immediately to remaine in the chamber, or
+  to come there again, until further order."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>The <i>alms-basket</i> was also called a <i>maund</i>, and those who
+  partook of its contents <i>maunders</i>.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">W. Chaffers</span>.</p>
+
+  <p class="address">Old Bond Street.</p>
+
+<hr class="short" />
+
+<h3>THE LETTER "H" IN HUMBLE.</h3>
+
+<p class="cenhead">(Vol. viii., p. 229.)</p>
+
+  <p>The recent attempt to introduce a mispronunciation of the word
+  <i>humble</i> should be resisted by every one who has learned the plain
+  and simple rule of grammar, that "<i>a</i> becomes <i>an</i> before a
+  vowel or a silent <i>h</i>." That the rule obtained a considerable time
+  ago, we have only to look into the Book of Common Prayer to prove, where
+  the congregation are exhorted to come "with an humble, lowly, penitent,
+  and obedient heart," and I believe it will be admitted that the compilers
+  of that work fully understood the right pronunciation.</p>
+
+  <p>It may assist to settle the question by giving the etymology of the
+  word <i>humble</i>. It is derived from the Celtic <i>uim</i>, the ground,
+  Latin <i>humus</i>. <i>Umal</i> in Celtic is humble, lowly, obedient; and
+  the word signifies the bending of the mind or disposition, just as a man
+  would kneel or become prostrate before a superior.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Fras. Crossley</span>.</p>
+
+  <p>In the course of a somewhat long life I have resided in the North of
+  England, in the West, and in London, upwards of twenty years each, and my
+  experience is directly the reverse of that of <span class="sc">Mr.
+  Dawson</span>. I have very rarely heard the <i>h</i> omitted in
+  <i>humble</i>, and when I have heard it, always considered a vulgarity.
+  The <i>u</i> at the beginning of a word is always aspirated. I believe
+  the only words in which the initial <i>h</i> is not pronounced are
+  derived from the Latin. If that were the general rule, which, however, it
+  is not, as in <i>habit</i>, <i>herb</i>, &amp;c., still, where <i>h</i>
+  precedes <i>u</i>, it would be pronounced according to the universal rule
+  for the aspiration of <i>u</i>.</p>
+
+  <p class="author">E. H.</p>
+
+  <p><i>The letter "h" to be passed unsounded in those words which are of
+  Latin origin.</i>&mdash;Try it:</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"Ha! 'tis a horrible hallucination</p>
+      <p>To grudge our hymns their halcyon harmonies,</p>
+      <p>When in just homage our rapt voices rise</p>
+      <p>To celebrate our heroes in meet fashion;</p>
+      <p>Whose hosts each heritage and habitation,</p>
+      <p>Within these realms of hospitable joy,</p>
+      <p>Protect securely 'gainst humiliation,</p>
+      <p>When hostile foes, like harpies, would annoy.</p>
+      <p>Habituated to the sound of <i>h</i></p>
+      <p>In history and histrionic art,</p>
+      <p>We deem the man a homicide of speech,</p>
+      <p>Maiming humanity in a vital part,</p>
+      <p>Whose humorous hilarity would treat us,</p>
+      <p>In lieu of <i>h</i>, with a supposed hiatus."</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p class="author">* *.</p>
+
+<hr class="short" />
+
+<h3>SCHOOL LIBRARIES.</h3>
+
+<p class="cenhead">(Vol. viii., p. 220.)</p>
+
+  <p>I have great pleasure in removing from the mind of your correspondent
+  an erroneous impression which must materially affect his good opinion of
+  a school to which I am sincerely attached. He asks if in any of the
+  public schools there are libraries of books giving general information
+  accessible to the scholars. Now my information only refers to one, that
+  of Eton. There is a library at Eton consisting of some thousand volumes,
+  filled with books of all kinds, ancient and modern, valuable and
+  valueless. It is open to the 150 first in the school on payment of
+  eighteen shillings per annum, and on their refusal the option of becoming
+  subscribers descends to the next in gradation. The list, however, is
+  never full. The money collected goes to the support of a librarian, and
+  to buy pens, ink, and paper, and the surplus (necessarily small) to the
+  purchase of books. The basis of the library is the set of Delphin
+  classics, presented by George I. The late head master (now provost) has
+  been a most munificent contributor; Prince Albert has also presented
+  several valuable volumes. Whenever the Prince has come to Eton he has
+  always visited the library, and taken great interest in its welfare; and
+  on his last visit said to the provost that he should be quite ready and
+  willing to obey the call whenever he was asked to lay the first stone of
+  a museum in connexion with the library.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Etonensis</span>.</p>
+
+  <p>The free grammar school at Macclesfield, Cheshire, has always had a
+  library. It <i>did</i> contain some rare volumes of the olden time; it
+  was at various times more or less supported by a small payment from the
+  scholars. Some years since Mr. Osborn, the then head master, solicited
+  subscriptions from former pupils, and with some success. Of the present
+  state of the school library I know nothing.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Edward Hawkins</span>.</p>
+
+  <p>At Winchester there are libraries for the commoners and scholars
+  containing books for general reading: they are under the several charge
+  of the commoner-prefects and the prefect of library, who lend them on
+  application to the juniors.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Mackenzie Walcott, M.A.</span></p>
+
+  <p>Christ's Hospital has a library such as inquired after by <span
+  class="sc">Mr. Weld Taylor</span>. The late Mr. Thackeray, of the Priory,
+  Lewisham (who died about two years ago), bequeathed to this school his
+  valuable library of books on general literature for the use of the boys.
+  Previously to this bequest the collection of books was small.</p>
+
+  <p class="author">N.</p>
+
+<hr class="short" />
+
+<p><!-- Page 299 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page299"></a>{299}</span></p>
+
+<h3>DR. JOHN TAYLOR.</h3>
+
+<p class="cenhead">(Vol. i., p. 466.)</p>
+
+  <p>My attention has been caught by some remarks in the early volumes of
+  your work upon my learned ancestor Dr. John Taylor, minister at Norwich,
+  and subsequently divinity tutor at Warrington. Whatever opinion may have
+  been attributed to Dr. Parr concerning Dr. Taylor, this I know, that on
+  revisiting Norwich he desired my father (the Dr.'s grandson) to show him
+  the house inhabited by him while he was the minister of the Octagon
+  Chapel.</p>
+
+  <p>Dr. Parr looked serious and solemn, and in his usual energetic manner
+  pronounced, "He was a <i>great</i> scholar."</p>
+
+  <p>Dr. John Taylor was buried at Kirkstead<a name="footnotetag4"
+  href="#footnote4"><sup>[4]</sup></a>, Lancashire, where his tomb is
+  distinguished by the following simple inscription:</p>
+
+<p class="cenhead">"Near to this place lies interr'd<br />
+what was mortal of<br />
+<span class="sc">Iohn Taylor, D.D.</span><br />
+<br />
+Reader,<br />
+Expect no eulogium from this Stone.<br />
+Enquire amongst the friends of<br />
+<span class="sc">Learning</span>, <span class="sc">Liberty</span>, and <span class="sc">Truth</span>;<br />
+These will do him justice.<br />
+Whilst taking his natural rest, he fell<br />
+asleep in <span class="sc">Jesus</span>, the 5th of March, 1761,<br />
+Aged 66."</p>
+
+  <p>The following inscription, in Latin, was composed by Dr. Parr for a
+  monumental stone erected by grandchildren and great-grandchildren in the
+  Octagon Chapel, Norwich:</p>
+
+<p class="cenhead">"<span class="sc">Joanni Taylor, S.T.P.</span><br />
+Langovici nato<br />
+Albi ostii in agro Cumbriensi<br />
+bonis disciplinis instituto<br />
+Norvici<br />
+Ad exequendum munus pastoris delecto <span class="scac">A.D.</span> 1733.<br />
+Rigoduni quo in oppido<br />
+Senex quotidie aliquid addiscens<br />
+Theologiam et philosophiam moralem docuit<br />
+Mortuo<br />
+Tert. non. Mart.<br />
+Anno Domini <span class="scac">MDCCLXI</span>.<br />
+Ætat. <span class="scac">LXVI</span>.<br />
+Viro integro innocenti pio<br />
+Scriptori Græcis et Hebraicis litteris<br />
+probe erudito<br />
+Verbi divini gravissimo interpreti<br />
+Religionis simplicis et incorruptæ<br />
+Acerrimo propugnatori<br />
+Nepotes ejus et pronepotes<br />
+In hac Capella<br />
+Cujus ille fundamenta olim jecerat<br />
+Monumentum hocce honorarium<br />
+Poni curaverunt."</p>
+
+  <p class="author">S. R.</p>
+
+<div class="note">
+  <a name="footnote4"></a><b>Footnote 4:</b><a
+  href="#footnotetag4">(return)</a>
+  <p>His first appointment, as minister of the Gospel, was at Kirkstead
+  Chapel.</p>
+
+</div>
+<hr class="short" />
+
+<h3>PORTRAIT OF SIR ANTHONY WINGFIELD.</h3>
+
+<p class="cenhead">(Vol. viii., p. 245.)</p>
+
+  <p>It is most likely that Q., who inquired relative to a picture of Sir
+  Anthony Wingfield, may occasionally meet with an engraving of this
+  worthy, though the depository of the original portrait is unknown. The
+  tale told Horace Walpole by the housekeeper at the house of the Nauntons
+  at Letheringham, Suffolk, is not correct. Sir Anthony was a favourite of
+  the monarch, and was knighted by him for his brave conduct at Terouenne
+  and Tournay. A private plate of Sir Anthony exists, the original portrait
+  from which it was taken being at Letheringham at the time the engraving
+  was made. The position of the hand in the girdle only indicates the
+  fashion of portraiture at the time, and is akin to the frequent custom of
+  placing one arm a-kimbo in modern paintings.</p>
+
+  <p>The Query of your correspondent opens a tale of despoliation perhaps
+  unparalleled even in the days of iconoclastic fury, and but very
+  imperfectly known.</p>
+
+  <p>The estate of Letheringham devolved, about the middle of the last
+  century, upon William Leman, Esq., who, being obliged to maintain his
+  right against claimants stating they descended from a branch of the
+  Naunton family who had migrated into Normandy at the end of the preceding
+  century, was placed in a position of considerable difficulty to defend
+  his occupation of the house and lands. I will not say by whom, but in
+  1770 down came the residence in which the author of the well-known
+  <i>Fragmenta Regalia</i> had resided, and, what is far worse, the Priory
+  Church, which, after the Dissolution, was made parochial, and which was
+  filled with tombs, effigies, and brasses to members of the
+  family&mdash;Bovilles, Wingfields, and Nauntons&mdash;was also levelled
+  with the ground. It was stated at the time that the sacred edifice had
+  only become dilapidated from age, and that the parishioners were
+  therefore obliged to do something. What <i>was done</i>, however, was no
+  re-edification of the fabric, but its entire destruction, and the
+  erection of a new church. Fortunately, Horace Walpole saw the edifice
+  before the contractor for the new building had cast his "desiring eyes"
+  upon it, and has recorded his impressions in one of his letters. More
+  fortunate still, the late Mr. Gough and Mr. Nichols visited it, and the
+  former employed the well-known topographical draughtsman, the late James
+  Johnson of Woodbridge, Suffolk, to copy some of the effigies, which were
+  afterwards engraved and inserted in the second volume of the
+  <i>Sepulchral Monuments</i>. The zeal of Johnson, however, led him to
+  preserve, by his minute delineation, not only <i>every</i> monument (only
+  two, I think, are given by Gough), but also the interior and exterior of
+  the church, with the <!-- Page 300 --><span class="pagenum"><a
+  name="page300"></a>{300}</span>position of the tombs. The interior view
+  may be seen among Craven Ord's drawings in the library of the British
+  Museum; and I am happy to say I possess Johnson's original sketches of
+  all the monuments, and of the exterior of the building. A fair idea of
+  the extent of the destruction may be gained by the mention of the fact,
+  that six hundred-weight of alabaster effigies were beaten into powder,
+  and sold to line water-cisterns. Some of the figures were rescued by the
+  late Dr. W. Clubbe, and erected into a pyramid in his garden at
+  Brandeston Vicarage, with this inscription:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>"<i>Fuimus.</i> Indignant Reader, these monumental remains are not (as
+  thou mayest suppose) the ruins of Time, but were destroyed in an
+  irruption of the Goths so late in the Christian era as the year 1789.
+  <i>Credite posteri.</i>"</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">John Wodderspoon</span>.</p>
+
+  <p class="address">Norwich.</p>
+
+  <p>William Naunton, son and heir of Thomas Naunton (temp. Hen. VII.), and
+  Margery, daughter and heiress of Richard Busiarde, married Elizabeth,
+  daughter of Sir Anthony Wingfield. Their only child, Henry Naunton, was
+  the father of two sons, viz. Robert the <i>secretary</i> (temp. James
+  I.), whose son died unmarried, and daughter, married to Paul Viscount
+  Bayning, died without issue; and William Naunton (fil. 2<sup>s</sup>).
+  His son and heir, who married a Coke, had one daughter, Theophila,
+  married to William Leman (ancestor of the family whose great estates are
+  in search of an owner): their only issue, Theophila, married Thomas Rede,
+  who thereby became possessed of Letheringham in Suffolk, and the whole of
+  the Naunton property. His estates went to his son Robert, who, dying
+  without issue in 1822, left them much diminished to his nephew, the Rev.
+  Robert Rede Cooper, second son of the Rev. Samuel Lovick Cooper and Sarah
+  Leman, youngest daughter, and eventually heiress, of the above Thomas
+  Rede. The Rev. Robert Rede Rede (for he assumed that name) died a few
+  years ago possessed of Ashmans Park, Suff., which was independent of the
+  Naunton property, and of certain heir-looms, the sole remains of the
+  great estates of the "Nauntons of Letheringham," which continue in the
+  possession of the descendants of that family. It is at <i>Ashmans</i>
+  that the portrait inquired for by your correspondent Q. will probably be
+  found. Whether that estate has already been sold by the daughters of the
+  late possessor (four co-heiresses) I am unable to say.</p>
+
+  <p class="author">H. C. K.</p>
+
+<hr class="short" />
+
+<h3>BARNACLES.</h3>
+
+<p class="cenhead">(Vol. viii., p. 223.)</p>
+
+  <p>In reference to the article on the barnacle bird in "N. &amp; Q." as
+  above, I send you a paper which I lately put in our local journal (<i>The
+  Tralee Chronicle</i>), containing a collection of notices of the curious
+  errors and <i>gradual</i> correction of them, on the subject of the
+  barnacle. I fear it may be long for your columns, but don't know how to
+  shorten it; nor can I well omit another amusing notice of the subject, to
+  which, since I published it, an intelligent friend called my attention;
+  it is from the <i>Memoirs of Lady Fanshaw</i>:&mdash;</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>"When we came to Calais, we met the Earl of Strafford and Sir Kenelm
+  Digby, with some others of our countrymen; we were all feasted at the
+  Governor's of the castle, and much excellent discourse passed; but, as
+  was reason, most share was Sir Kenelm Digby's, who had enlarged somewhat
+  more in extraordinary stories than might be averred, and all of them
+  passed with great applause and wonder of the French then at table; but
+  the concluding one was&mdash;that barnacles, a bird in Jersey, was first
+  a shell-fish to appearance, and from that sticking upon old wood, became
+  in time a bird. After some consideration, they unanimously burst out into
+  laughter, believing it altogether false, and, to say the truth, it was
+  the only thing true he had discoursed with them!&mdash;that was his
+  infirmity, tho' otherwise a person of most excellent parts, and a very
+  free bred gentleman."&mdash;Lady Fanshaw's <i>Memoirs</i>, pp. 72-3.</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p class="author">A. B. R.</p>
+
+  <p class="address">Belmont.</p>
+
+  <p>As a tail-piece to the curious information communicated respecting
+  these strange creatures in Vol. i., pp. 117. 169. 254. 340., Vol. viii.,
+  pp. 124. 223., may be added an advertisement, extracted from the monthly
+  compendium annexed to <i>La Belle Assemblée</i>, or Bell's <i>Court and
+  Fashionable Magazine</i>, for June, 1807, in the following terms:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>"Wonderful natural curiosity, called the Goose Tree, Barnacle Tree, or
+  Tree bearing Geese, taken up at sea, on the 12th of January, 1807, by
+  Captain Bytheway, and was more than twenty men could raise out of the
+  water, which may be seen at the Exhibition Rooms, Spring Gardens, from
+  ten o'clock in the morning till ten at night, every day. Admission, one
+  shilling; children half-price.</p>
+
+  <p>"The Barnacles which form the present Exhibition, possess a neck
+  upwards of two feet in length, resembling the windpipe of a chicken; each
+  shell contains five pieces, and notwithstanding the many thousands which
+  hang to eight inches of the tree, part of the fowl may be seen from each
+  shell. Sir Robert Moxay, in the Wonders of Nature and Art, speaking of
+  this singularly curious production, says, in every shell he opened he
+  found a perfect sea-fowl, with a bill like that of a goose, feet like
+  those of water-fowl, and the feathers all plainly formed.</p>
+
+  <p>"The above wonderful and almost indescribable curiosity, is the only
+  exhibition of the kind in the world."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="grk">&mu;</span>.</p>
+
+<hr class="short" />
+
+<p><!-- Page 301 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page301"></a>{301}</span></p>
+
+<h3>PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE.</h3>
+
+  <p><i>Precision in Photographic Processes.</i>&mdash;I have for a long
+  period observed, and been much annoyed at the circumstance, that many of
+  your photographic correspondents are very remiss when they favour you
+  with recipes for certain processes, in not stating the specific gravity
+  of the articles used; also, in giving the quantities, in not stating if
+  it is by weight or measure.</p>
+
+  <p>To illustrate my meaning more fully, I will refer to Vol. viii., p.
+  252., where a correspondent, in his albumen process, adds "chloride of
+  barium, 7Πdr." Now, as this article is prepared and sold both in
+  crystals and in a liquid state, it would be desirable to know which of
+  the two is meant before his disciples run the risk of spoiling their
+  paper and losing their time.</p>
+
+  <p>How easy would it be to prefix the letter <i>f</i> where fluid oz.,
+  dr., or other quantity is meant.</p>
+
+  <p>Trusting that this hint may in future induce your correspondents to be
+  as explicit as possible on all points, believe me to be an</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Amateur Photographer</span>.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Tent for Collodion.</i>&mdash;As I have frequently benefited from
+  the hints of your correspondents, I in my turn hasten to communicate a
+  very simple plan I have contrived for a portable tent for the collodion
+  process, in the hope it may be found to answer with others as well as it
+  has done with me: it is as follows.</p>
+
+  <p>Round the legs of my camera stand (a tripod one) I have made a
+  covering for two of the sides, of a double lining of glazed yellow
+  calico, with a few loops at the foot to stake to the ground; the third
+  side is made of thick dark cloth, much wider and larger than to cover the
+  side, which is fastened at one leg of the stand to the calico. The other
+  side is provided with loops to fasten to corresponding buttons on the
+  other leg, and by bending on my knees I can easily pull the dark cloth
+  over my head and back, fasten the loops to the buttons, and then I can
+  perfectly perform any manipulation required, without the risk of any ray
+  of white light entering; and certainly nothing can be more
+  <i>portable</i>.</p>
+
+  <p>The simplicity of the thing makes any farther description of it
+  unnecessary, to say nothing of your valuable space.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Jan</span>.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Mr. Sisson's Developing Solution.</i>&mdash;The <span
+  class="sc">Rev. Mr. Sisson</span>, in a letter I received from him a few
+  days ago, stated that he had been trying, at the recommendation of a
+  gentleman who had written to him upon the subject, a stronger developing
+  solution than that the formula for which he published some time back in
+  your pages, and that it gave splendid positive pictures with very short
+  exposure in the camera.</p>
+
+  <p>Since I received his letter I have been able to corroborate his
+  testimony in favour of the stronger solution, and have much pleasure in
+  sending you the formula for the benefit of your readers. It is this: 1œ
+  drachms of protosulphate of iron in five ounces of water, 1 drachm of
+  nitrate of lead, letting it settle for some hours; pour off the clear
+  liquid, and then add to it 2 drachms of acetic acid.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. Leachman</span>.</p>
+
+  <p class="address">20. Compton Terrace, Islington.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Mr. Stewart's Pantograph.</i>&mdash;Will some of your photographic
+  readers, who may know the proper size of <span class="sc">Mr.
+  Stewart's</span> pantograph, give a detailed description of it? We should
+  have focal length of lens, size of box, and the length of the sliding,
+  parts of it. Cannot the lens be made fast in the middle of the box,
+  provided the frames can be adjusted for different-sized pictures?</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">R. Elliott</span>.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+<h2>Replies to Minor Queries.</h2>
+
+  <p><i>George Browne of Shefford</i> (Vol. viii., p. 243.).&mdash;I
+  observe that in your interesting publication you have inserted the Query
+  which I sent you long since. A somewhat similar Query of mine has already
+  appeared, and been answered by your correspondents H.&nbsp;C.&nbsp;C. and <span
+  class="sc">T. Hughes</span>; the latter stating that my particulars are
+  not strictly correct, inasmuch as the individual styled by me as "Sir
+  George Browne, <i>Bart.</i>," was in reality simple "George Browne,
+  <i>Esq.</i>" I admit this error; but if I was wrong, <span class="sc">Mr.
+  Hughes</span> was so too, for George Browne's wife was Eleanor, and
+  <i>not</i> Elizabeth, Blount, as appears by his affidavit in the State
+  Paper Office, wherein he deposes that he "had by <i>Ellinor</i>, his late
+  wife, deceased daughter of Sir Richard Blount, eight sons, namely,
+  George, Richard, Anthony, John, William, Henry, Francis, and Robert, and
+  seven daughters."</p>
+
+  <p>The sons are thus disposed of:</p>
+
+  <p>1. George, created K. B. at the coronation of Charles II.; married
+  Elizabeth Englefield; had issue two daughters; died 1678.</p>
+
+  <p>2. Richard, a captain in the king's army, 1649, and was dead in
+  1650.</p>
+
+  <p>3. Anthony, who was "preferred to the trade of a M<i>a</i>rchant,"
+  1650.</p>
+
+  <p>4. John, a page to Prince Thomas, uncle to the Duke of Savoy; created
+  Bart. 1665; married Mrs. Bradley; had issue.</p>
+
+  <p>5. William, had a "reversion of a copyhold in Shefford."</p>
+
+  <p>6. Henry, died unmarried, 1668; buried at Shefford.</p>
+
+  <p>7. Francis, nine years old in 1651; and</p>
+
+  <p>8. Robert, four years old in 1651.</p>
+
+  <p>In that year (1651) Henry, Francis, and Robert were living with their
+  guardian, Mr. <!-- Page 302 --><span class="pagenum"><a
+  name="page302"></a>{302}</span>Libb, of Hardwick, Oxon; and soon
+  afterwards we find them placed under the care of a clergyman at
+  Appleshaw. But here we seem to lose sight of them altogether.</p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">Mr. Hughes</span> says that the only sons who married
+  were George, the heir, and John, the younger brother; but we have no
+  evidence of this; and as it is probable that some of the others, namely,
+  Richard, Anthony, William, Francis, and Robert, married, I wish to
+  procure proof either that they did or did not. If any of these married, I
+  wish to know which of them, to whom, and when and where.</p>
+
+  <p>Perhaps some of your correspondents can tell me where Richard,
+  Anthony, and William resided, and what became of Francis and Robert after
+  they had left their tutor, the minister of Appleshaw.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Newburiensis</span>.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Wheale</i> (Vol. vi., p. 579.; Vol. vii., p. 96.).&mdash;Since this
+  word is once more brought forward in "N. &amp; Q." (Vol. viii., p. 208.),
+  I will answer the Query respecting it. I was prepared to do so shortly
+  after it first appeared, but I had reason to expect a reply from one more
+  conversant with such archaisms. If the Querist, or either respondent, had
+  examined the context, he could not have failed to discover a clue to the
+  meaning, as the words "gall of dragons" instead of "wine," and "wheale"
+  instead of "milk," are evidently translations of sound expressions in the
+  preface of Pope Sixtus (or Xystus) V., to his edition of the Vulgate. The
+  words there are "fel draconum pro vino, pro lacte sanies obtruderetur."
+  Wheale more commonly signified, in later times, a pustule or boil; but it
+  is from the Ang.-Sax. <i>hwele</i>, putrefaction. The bad taste of such
+  language is too manifest to require farther comment.</p>
+
+  <p>If I were disposed to conclude with a Query, I might ask where Q.
+  found that <i>wheale</i> ever meant <i>whey</i>?</p>
+
+  <p class="author">W. S. W.</p>
+
+  <p class="address">Middle Temple.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Sir Arthur Aston</i> (Vol. viii., p. 126.).&mdash;He was appointed
+  Governor of Reading, November 29, 1642; that his relative, Geo.
+  Tattershall, Esq., was of Stapleford, Wilts, and only purchased the
+  estate, West Court in Finchampstead, which went, on the marriage of his
+  daughter, to the Hon. Chas. Howard, fourth son of the Earl of Arundel,
+  and was sold by him.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">A Reader</span>.</p>
+
+  <p><i>"A Mockery," &amp;c.</i> (Vol. viii., p. 244).&mdash;Thomas Lord
+  Denman is the author of the phrase in question. That noble lord, in
+  giving his judgment in the case of O'Connell and others against the
+  Queen, in the House of Lords, September 4, 1844, thus alluded to the
+  judgment of the Court of Queen's Bench in Ireland, overruling the
+  challenge by the traversers to the array, on account of the fraudulent
+  omission of fifty-nine names from the list of jurors of the county of the
+  city of Dublin:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>"If it is possible that such a practice as that which has taken place
+  in the present instance should be allowed to pass without a remedy (and
+  no other remedy has been suggested), trial by jury itself, instead of
+  being a security to persons who are accused, will be <i>a delusion, a
+  mockery, and a snare</i>."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>See Clark and Finnelly's <i>Reports of Cases in the House of
+  Lords</i>, vol. xi. p. 351.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">C. H. Cooper</span>.</p>
+
+  <p class="address">Cambridge.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Norman of Winster</i> (Vol. viii., p. 126).&mdash;I do not know if
+  W. is aware that there was a family of Norman who was possessed of a
+  share of the manor of Beeley, in the parish of Ashford, Derbyshire, which
+  came from the Savilles, the said manor having been purchased by Wm.
+  Saville, Esq., 1687.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">A Reader</span>.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Arms of the See of York</i> (Vol. viii., pp. 34. 111.
+  233.).&mdash;Thoroton has a curious note on this subject in his
+  <i>History of Nottinghamshire</i> (South Muskham, in the east window of
+  the chancel), from which it would appear that neither Thoroton himself,
+  nor his after-editor Thoresby, could be aware of the change that had
+  taken place. The note, however, may help to complete the <i>catena</i> of
+  those incumbents of the see of York who (prior to Cardinal Wolsey) bore
+  the same arms as the see of Canterbury:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>"There are the arms of the see of <i>Canterbury</i>, impaling <i>Arg.
+  three boars' heads erased and erected sable</i>, Booth, I doubt mistaken
+  for the arms of <i>York</i>, as they are with Archbishop Lee's again in
+  the same window; and in the hall window at <i>Newstede</i> the see of
+  <i>Canterbury</i> impales <i>Savage</i>, who was Archbishop of
+  <i>York</i> also, but not of <i>Canterbury</i> that I know
+  of."&mdash;Vol. iii. p. 152., ed. Notts, 1796.</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>Can any of your antiquarian contributors say why the sees of
+  Canterbury and York bore originally the same arms? Had it any relation to
+  the struggle for precedence carried on for so many years between the two
+  sees?</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. Sansom</span>.</p>
+
+  <p>Mr. Waller, in his volume on <i>Monumental Brasses</i>, in describing
+  that of William de Grenfeld, Archbishop of York, says:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>"The arms of the two archiepiscopal sees were formerly the same, and
+  continued to be so till the Reformation, when the pall surmounting a
+  crozier was retained by Canterbury, and the cross keys and tiara
+  (emblematic of St. Peter, to whom the minster is dedicated), which until
+  then had been used only for the church of York, were adopted as the
+  armorial bearings of the see."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>To the word "tiara" he appends a note:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>"Or rather at this period a regal crown, the tiara having been
+  superseded in the reign of Henry VIII."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+<p><!-- Page 303 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page303"></a>{303}</span></p>
+
+  <p>He gives no authority for the statement, but the note appears
+  contradictory, and implies two changes in the first to the cross-keys and
+  tiara, which may corroborate the notion of its having been adopted by
+  Cardinal Wolsey; secondly, the substitution of the crown for the tiara.
+  Can this be proved?</p>
+
+  <p class="author">F. H.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Roger Wilbraham, Esq.'s, Cheshire Collection</i> (Vol. viii., p.
+  270.).&mdash;It is probable these MSS. are still at the family seat of
+  the Wilbrahams, Delamere Lodge, Northwitch. When Ormerod published his
+  <i>History of Cheshire</i>, in 1819, they were in the custody of the
+  family. He says (vol. iii. p. 232.):</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>"In the possession of the family is a curious series of journals
+  commenced by Richard Wilbraham of Nantwich, who died in 1612, and
+  continued regularly to the time of his great-great-grandson, who died in
+  1732. As a genealogical document, such a memorial is invaluable; and it
+  contains many curious incidental notices of passing events, and of minute
+  particulars relating to the town of Nantwich, of whose rights the
+  Wilbrahams of Townsend were the never-failing and active guardians."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. Yeowell</span>.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Pierrepont</i> (Vol. vii., p. 606.).&mdash;A descendant thanks
+  C.&nbsp;J. The information wanted is parentage and descent of John Pierrepont
+  of Wadworth, who in a family mem. by his great-great-granddaughter is
+  called "Uncle to Evelyn, Earl of P." Any information respecting John
+  Pierrepont or his descendants through Margaret Stevens will much
+  oblige.</p>
+
+  <p class="author">A. F. B.</p>
+
+  <p class="address">Diss.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Passage in Bacon</i> (Vol. viii., p. 141.).&mdash;In the Notes on
+  Bacon's Essay II. "On Death," there appears the following:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>"In the passage of Juvenal, the words are 'Qui spatium vitæ,' and not
+  'Qui finem vitæ,' as quoted by Lord Bacon. Length of days is meant."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>His lordship's memory and <i>ear</i> too certainly misled him with
+  respect to the <i>wording</i>, but he has correctly given us the
+  <i>sense</i>. Juvenal has been arguing (l. iv. Sat. x.) on the vanity of
+  earthly blessings, so called, in quite a philosophic way; it is hardly
+  possible to suppose him closing his sermon with&mdash;</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"Fortem posce animum, mortis terrore carentem,</p>
+      <p>Qui spatium vitæ extremum inter munera ponat</p>
+      <p>Naturæ, qui ferre queat quoscumque labores,</p>
+      <p>Nesciat irasci, cupiat nihil, et potiores</p>
+      <p>Herculis ærumnas credat, sævosque labores,</p>
+      <p>Et Venere, et c&oelig;nis, et plume Sardanapali."</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p>if by <i>spatium</i> he meant "length;" but how apt and beautiful in
+  Lord Bacon's sense! A note on the passage in the Var. Ed. of 1684 has
+  "Qui sciat <i>mortem</i> munus aliquod naturæ esse."</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Emmanuel Cantab</span>.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Monumental Inscription in Peterborough Cathedral</i> (Vol. viii.,
+  p. 215.).&mdash;In consequence of the very curious Notes communicated by
+  <span class="sc">H. Thos. Wake</span>, I would beg to draw that
+  gentleman's attention to the very important MS. collections of Bp. White
+  Kennet on the subject of this cathedral in the Lansd. MSS., British
+  Museum, to which I shall be happy to give him the references in a private
+  letter, if he will favour me with his address.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">E. G. Ballard</span>.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Lord North</i> (Vol. vii., p. 207).&mdash;I feel much obliged to
+  your correspondent C. for his courtesy in replying to my inquiry
+  concerning this nobleman. His remembrance of the personal appearance of
+  George III., and his remarks on the subject, are in my opinion
+  conclusive; but the appearance of the statement in the <i>Life of
+  Goldsmith</i> was such as to provoke inquiry. May I ask our correspondent
+  C. (who appears to be acquainted with the North genealogy) whether a
+  sister of the premier North, by the some mother, was not alive some years
+  after the year 1734? Collins records the birth of an infant daughter, but
+  the fact is overlooked in modern peerages.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">Observer</span>.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Land of Green Ginger</i> (Vol. viii., pp. 34. 160. 227.).&mdash;Mr.
+  Frost, in his <i>History</i>, p. 71., &amp;c., has shown many instances
+  of alteration in the names of streets in Hull from the names of persons,
+  as from Aldegate to Scale Lane, from Schayl, a Dutchman; and <span
+  class="sc">Mr. Richardson</span> has made it most probable that the
+  designation "Land of Green Ginger" took place betwixt 1640 and 1735. It
+  has occurred to me, that a family of the Dutch name of Lindegreen (green
+  lime-trees) resided at Hull within the last fifty years or more. Now the
+  "junior" of this name would be called in Dutch "Lindegroen jonger," which
+  may have originated the corruption "Land o' green ginger." This
+  conjecture would amount to solution of the question, if the Lindegreens
+  had about 150 years ago any property or occupation in this lane. The
+  Dutch had necessarily much intercourse with Hull: one of their imports
+  was the lamprey, chiefly as bait for turbot, cod, &amp;c. obtained in the
+  Ouse near the mouth of the Derwent; which fish was conveyed in boats in
+  Ouse Water, and was kept alive and lively by means of poles made to
+  revolve in these floating fish-ponds, as I was informed by an alderman
+  prior to the reform of that ancient borough. But lamprey has now either
+  migrated, or been exterminated by clearing the Ouse of stones<a
+  name="footnotetag5" href="#footnote5"><sup>[5]</sup></a>, or by the
+  excessive cupidity of the fisherman or gastronomer.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">T. J. Buckton</span>.</p>
+
+  <p class="address">Birmingham.</p>
+
+<div class="note">
+  <a name="footnote5"></a><b>Footnote 5:</b><a
+  href="#footnotetag5">(return)</a>
+  <p>The Petromyzon by attaching itself to a stone forms a drill, by which
+  it furrows the shoal for the deposit of its spawn.</p>
+
+</div>
+<p><!-- Page 304 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page304"></a>{304}</span></p>
+
+  <p><i>Sheer, and Shear Hulk</i> (Vol. vii., p. 126.)&mdash;A <i>sheer</i>
+  hulk is a mere hulk, simply the hull of a vessel unfurnished with masts
+  and rigging. A <i>shear</i> hulk, on the contrary, is the hull of a
+  vessel fitted with <i>shears</i> (so termed from their resemblance to the
+  blades of a pair of shears when opened), for the purpose of masting and
+  dismasting other vessels.</p>
+
+  <p>The use of the word <i>buckle</i>, in the signification of bend, is
+  exceedingly common both among seamen and builders. For its use among the
+  former I can vouch; and among the latter, see the evidence at the
+  coroner's inquest on the late melancholy and mysterious accident at the
+  Crystal Palace.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">W. Pinkerton</span>.</p>
+
+  <p class="address">Ham.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Serpent with a Human Head</i> (Vol. iv., p. 191.).&mdash;The
+  following passage from Gervasius Tilberiensis (<i>Otia Imperialia</i>,
+  lib. i sect. 15.) shows that the idea of the serpent which tempted Eve,
+  having a woman's head, was current in the time of Bede. I having not had
+  an opportunity of finding whereabouts in Bede's writings the passage
+  quoted by Gervasius occurs:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>"Nec erit omittendum, quod ait Beda, loquens de serpente qui Evam
+  seduxit: 'Elegit enim diabolus quoddam genus serpentis f&oelig;mineum
+  vultum habentis, quia similes similibus applaudunt, et movit ad loquendum
+  linguam ejus."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p class="author">C. W. G.</p>
+
+  <p><i>"When the maggot bites"</i> (Vol. viii., p 244.).&mdash;An <span
+  class="sc">Anon</span> correspondent asks for a note to explain the
+  origin of the saying that thing done on the spur of the moment is done
+  "when the maggot bites." Perhaps the best explanation is that afforded in
+  the following passage from Swift's <i>Discourse on the Mechanical
+  Operation of the Spirit</i>:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>"It is the opinion of choice <i>virtuosi</i> that the brain is only a
+  crowd of little animals with teeth and claws extremely sharp, and which
+  cling together in the contexture we behold, like the picture of Hobbes's
+  Leviathan; or like bees in perpendicular swarm on a tree; or like a
+  carrion corrupted into vermin, still preserving the shape and figure of
+  the mother animal: that all invention is formed by the morsure of two or
+  more of these animals upon certain capillary nerves which proceed from
+  thence, whereof three branches spring into the tongue and two into the
+  right hand. They hold also that these animals are of a constitution
+  extremely cold: that their food is the air we attract, their excrement
+  phlegm. And that what we vulgarly call rheums, and colds, and
+  distillations, is nothing else but an epidemical looseness to which that
+  little commonwealth is very subject from the climate it lies under.
+  Farther, that nothing less than a violent heat can disentangle these
+  creatures from their hamated station in life; or give them vigour and
+  humour, to imprint the marks of their little teeth. That if the morsure
+  be hexagonal, it produces poetry; the circular gives eloquence. If the
+  bite hath been conical, the person whose nerve is so affected shall be
+  disposed to write upon politics; and so of the rest."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. Emerson Tennent</span>.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Definition of a Proverb</i> (Vol. viii., p. 242.).&mdash;The
+  proverb, "Wit of one man, the wisdom of many," has been attributed to
+  Lord John Russell: I think in a recent number of the <i>Quarterly
+  Review</i>. The foundation was laid most probably by Bacon:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>"The genius, wit, and spirit of a nation are discovered by their
+  proverbs."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>It may not be perhaps generally known to your readers, that in a small
+  volume, called <i>Origines de la Lengua Espanola, &amp;c., por Don
+  Gregorio Mayans y Siscar, Bibliothecario del Rei nuestro Señor</i>, en
+  Madrid, Año 1737, will be found a numerous collection of Spanish
+  proverbs. A MS. note in my copy has a note, stating that the MS. made for
+  Mayans, from the original, in the national library at Madrid, is now in
+  the British Museum, Additional MSS., No. 9939.</p>
+
+  <p>The work is divided into dialogues; and in the copy in question are
+  some remarks by a Spanish gentleman, I fear too long for your pages: but
+  I send you an English version by a friend, of one of the couplets in the
+  dialogues, "Diez marcos tengo de oro:"</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"Ten marks of gold for the telling,</p>
+      <p>And of silver I have nine score,</p>
+      <p>Good houses are mine to dwell in,</p>
+      <p>And I have a rent-roll more:</p>
+      <p>My line and lineage please me:</p>
+      <p>Ten squires to come at my call,</p>
+      <p>And no lord who flatters or fees me,</p>
+      <p>Which pleases me most of them all."</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">John Martin</span>.</p>
+
+  <p class="address">Woburn Abbey.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Gilbert White of Selborne</i> (Vol. viii., p. 244.).&mdash;Oriel
+  College, of which Gilbert White was for more than fifty years a Fellow,
+  some years since offered to have a portrait of him painted for their
+  hall. An inquiry was then made of all the members of his family; but no
+  portrait of any description could be found. I have heard my father say
+  that Gilbert White was much pressed by his brother Thomas (my
+  grandfather) to have his portrait painted, and that he talked of it; but
+  it was never done.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">A. Holt White</span>.</p>
+
+  <p><i>"A Tub to the Whale"</i> (Vol. viii., p. 220.).&mdash;In the
+  Appendix B. to Sir James Macintosh's <i>Life of Sir Thomas More</i> is
+  the following passage:</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>"The learned Mr. Douce has informed a friend of mine, that in
+  Sebastian Munster's <i>Cosmography</i> there is a cut of a ship, to which
+  a whale was coming too close for her safety; and of the sailors throwing
+  a tub <!-- Page 305 --><span class="pagenum"><a
+  name="page305"></a>{305}</span>to the whale, evidently to play with. The
+  practice of throwing a tub or barrel to a large fish, to divert the
+  animal from gambols dangerous to a vessel, is also mentioned in an old
+  prose translation of the <i>Ship of Fools</i>. These passages
+  satisfactorily explain the common phrase of throwing a tub to a
+  whale."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>Sir James Macintosh conjectures that the phrase "the tale of a tub"
+  (which was familiarly known in Sir Thomas More's time) had reference to
+  the tub thrown to the whale.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">C. H. Cooper</span>.</p>
+
+  <p class="address">Cambridge.</p>
+
+  <p><i>The Number Nine</i> (Vol. viii., p. 149.).&mdash;The property of
+  numbers enunciated and illustrated by <span class="sc">Mr. Lammens</span>
+  resolves itself into two.</p>
+
+  <p>1. If from any number above nine be subtracted the number expressed by
+  writing the same digits backwards, the remainder is divisible by
+  nine.</p>
+
+  <p>2. If the number nine measure a given number, it measures the sum of
+  its digits.</p>
+
+  <p>As the latter is proved in most elementary books on Algebra, I confine
+  my proof to the former.</p>
+
+  <p>Let the number in question be&mdash;</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p><i>a</i><sub>0</sub> + <i>a</i><sub>1</sub> . 10 + <i>a</i><sub>2</sub> . 10<sup>2</sup> + ... + <i>a</i><sub><i>n</i>-1</sub> . 10<sup><i>n</i>-1</sup> + <i>a</i><sub><i>n</i></sub> . <span class="correction" title="n printed as subscript in original.">10<sup><i>n</i></sup></span></p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p>Then</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p><i>a</i><sub><i>n</i></sub> + <i>a</i><sub><i>n</i>-1</sub> . 10 + <i>a</i><sub><i>n</i>-2</sub> . 10<sup>2</sup> + ... + <i>a</i><sub>1</sub> . 10<sup><i>n</i>-1</sup> + <i>a</i><sub>0</sub> . <span class="correction" title="n printed as subscript in original.">10<sup><i>n</i></sup></span></p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p>is "the same number written backwards." The difference is&mdash;</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p>(<i>a</i><sub><i>n</i></sub> - <i>a</i><sub>0</sub>)(10<sup><i>n</i></sup> - 1) + (<i>a</i><sub><i>n</i>-1</sub> - <i>a</i><sub>1</sub>)(10<sup><i>n</i>-2</sup> - 1) . 10 + ...</p>
+      <p class="i2">+ (<i>a</i><sub><i>n</i>/2+1</sub> - <i>a</i><sub><i>n</i>/2-1</sub>)(10<sup>2</sup>-1) . 10<sup><i>n</i>/2-1</sup> if <i>n</i> be even, but</p>
+      <p class="i2">+ (<i>a</i><sub>(<i>n</i>+1)/2</sub> - <i>a</i><sub>(<i>n</i>-1)/2</sub>)(10-1) . 10<sup>(n-1)/2</sup> if <i>n</i> be odd.</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p>And every term of this difference, as involving a factor of the form
+  (1 - 10<sup><i>n</i></sup>), is divisible by 9; and therefore the
+  difference is divisible by 9.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">C. Mansfield Ingleby.</span></p>
+
+  <p class="address">Birmingham.</p>
+
+  <p><i>The Willingham Boy.</i>&mdash;<span class="sc">Abredonensis</span>
+  will find full information on all the points he appears from your Notices
+  to Correspondents (Vol. viii., p. 66.) to have inquired after
+  in&mdash;</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>"Prodigium Willinghamense, or Authentic Memoirs of the Life of a Boy
+  born at Willingham, near Cambridge, with some Reflections on his
+  Understanding, Strength, Temper, Memory, Genius, and Knowledge, by Thos.
+  Dawkes, Surgeon."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p class="author">W. P.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Unlucky Days</i> (Vol. vii., p. 232.).&mdash;The Latin verses
+  contained in the old Spanish breviary, adverted to by <span class="sc">W.
+  Pinkerton</span>, bear a close resemblance to those which are to be found
+  in the Red Book of the Irish Exchequer. The latter form part of a
+  calendar which is supposed to have been written either during the reign
+  of John or Henry III. A similar calendar, with like verses, has been
+  printed by the Archæological Society, Dublin. As the lines in the Red
+  Book vary in some respects from those which have appeared in "N. &amp;
+  Q.," I have taken the liberty of inclosing a transcript of them.</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"<i>January.</i> Prima dies mensis, et septima truncat ut ensis.</p>
+      <p><i>February.</i> Quarta subit mortem, prosternit tertia fortem.</p>
+      <p><i>March.</i> Primus mandantem, dirumpit quarta bibentem.</p>
+      <p><i>April.</i> Denus et undenus, est mortis vulnere plenus.</p>
+      <p><i>May.</i> Tertius occidit, et septimus hora relidit.</p>
+      <p><i>June.</i> Denus pallescit, quindenus federa nescit.</p>
+      <p><i>July.</i> Terdecimus mactat, Julii denus labefactat.</p>
+      <p><i>August.</i> Prima necat fortem, perditque secunda choortem.</p>
+      <p><i>September.</i> Tertia Septembris, et denus fert mala membris.</p>
+      <p><i>October.</i> Tertia cum dena, clamat sit integra vena.</p>
+      <p><i>November.</i> Scorpius est quintus, et tertius est nece cinctus.</p>
+      <p><i>December.</i> Septimus exanguis, virosus denus ut anguis."</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">James F. Ferguson</span>.</p>
+
+  <p class="address">Dublin.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Rhymes on Places</i> (Vol. vii.
+  <i>passim</i>.).&mdash;Midlothian:</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"Musselboro' was a boro',</p>
+      <p class="i1">Whan Edinboro' was nane;</p>
+      <p>An Musselboro' 'll be a boro',</p>
+      <p class="i1">Whan Edinboro's gane."</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p class="author">W. T. M.</p>
+
+  <p class="address">Hong Kong.</p>
+
+  <p>Cambridgeshire folks say,&mdash;</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"Hungry Hardwick,</p>
+      <p class="i1">Greedy Toft,</p>
+      <p>Hang-up Kingston,</p>
+      <p class="i1">Caldecott<a name="footnotetag6" href="#footnote6"><sup>[6]</sup></a> naught."</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">P. J. F. Gantillon, B.A.</span></p>
+
+<div class="note">
+  <a name="footnote6"></a><b>Footnote 6:</b><a
+  href="#footnotetag6">(return)</a>
+  <p>Pronounced <i>Cawcote</i>.</p>
+
+</div>
+  <p><i>Quotation Wanted</i> (Vol. vi., p. 421.).&mdash;See Byron's
+  <i>Dream</i>, stanza ii. v. 30.:</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="i6hg3">"She was his life,</p>
+      <p>The ocean to the river of his thoughts."</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">P. J. F. Gantillon, B.A.</span></p>
+
+  <p><i>Lamech</i> (Vol. vii., p. 432.).&mdash;For "Lamech," see Mr.
+  Browne's excellent <i>Ordo Sæclorum</i>, ch. vii. § 302., 1844&mdash;a
+  book deserving to be much more widely known.</p>
+
+  <p class="author">S. Z. Z. S.</p>
+
+  <p><i>Muggers</i> (Vol. viii., p. 34.).&mdash;The names <i>muggers</i>
+  and <i>potters</i>, betokening dealers in mugs and pots, are, in the
+  north of England, applied indiscriminately to hawkers of earthenware,
+  whether of gipsy blood or not. Indeed, the majority are evidently not
+  gipsies.</p>
+
+  <p class="author"><span class="sc">T. D. Ridley</span>.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+<p><!-- Page 306 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page306"></a>{306}</span></p>
+
+<h2>Miscellaneous.</h2>
+
+<h3>NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC.</h3>
+
+  <p>We have received from Messrs. Williams and Norgate copies of the first
+  number of two new German periodicals, with which, when they know their
+  nature, some of our readers may desire better acquaintance. Our
+  antiquarian friends, for instance, may be glad to know, that the opening
+  number of one of these, the <i>Anzeige für Kunde des Deutschen Vorzeit,
+  Organ des Germanischen Museums</i> (which is to appear monthly),
+  contains, among other articles of antiquarian interest, notes on the
+  earliest known MS. of the Nuremburg Chronicle, and on an early MS. of the
+  Nibelungen; notice of an original Letter of Pirkheimer, relative to the
+  wars of Maximilian against the Swiss; and also of a remarkable, and
+  hitherto unknown, old copper-plate engraving on six sheets by an unknown
+  artist, apparently of the school of Martin Schon, illustrative of that
+  campaign; and an account of an early miscellaneous MS., in which is a
+  List of Masons' Marks. The second is one which will interest all lovers
+  of folk lore. It is edited by J.&nbsp;W. Wolf, and entitled <i>Zeitschrift für
+  Deutsche Mythologie und Sittenkunde</i>, and numbers among its
+  contributors, W. Grimm, Nordnagel, Kuhn, and many other good men and
+  true, who have devoted their talents to the study of popular antiquities.
+  We hope shortly to find room for a specimen or two of the "Old World"
+  stories and customs which they have here recorded.</p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">Books Received</span>.&mdash;<i>A Guide containing a
+  Short Historical Sketch of Lynton and Places adjacent in North Devon,
+  including Ilfracombe</i>, by T.&nbsp;H. Cooper: a well-timed guide to the most
+  picturesque portion of one of the most beautiful parts of North Devon,
+  pleasantly interlarded with scraps of folk lore and historical
+  anecdote.&mdash;In Bohn's <i>Standard Library</i>, we have a farther
+  issue of Miss Bremer's works, comprising <i>A Diary</i>; <i>The
+  H&mdash;&mdash; Family</i>; <i>Axel and Anna</i>, and other Tales: and
+  the second volume of Mr. Hickie's translation of <i>The Comedies of
+  Aristophanes</i> forms the issue for the present month of the same
+  publisher's <i>Classical Library</i>.&mdash;Mr. Darling proceeds with
+  great regularity in the publication of his <i>Cyclop&oelig;dia
+  Bibliographica</i>, of which we have received No. XII., which extends
+  from Bernard Lancy to Martin Madan.&mdash;<i>The Irish Quarterly
+  Review</i>, No. XI. for September, contains, among other articles of
+  general interest, such as those on <i>French Social Life and Fashion in
+  Poetry, and the Poets of Fashion</i>, a farther portion of the amusing
+  anecdotical paper, entitled <i>The Streets of Dublin</i>.</p>
+
+<hr class="short" />
+
+<h3>BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES WANTED TO PURCHASE.</h3>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">The Builder</span>, No. 520.</p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">Oswalli Crollii Opera</span>. 12mo. Geneva, 1635.</p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">Gaffarell's Unheard-of Curiosities</span>. Translate
+  by Chelmead. London, 12mo. 1650.</p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">Beaumont's Psyche</span>. 2nd Edit. folio. Camb.
+  1702.</p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">The Monthly Army List</span> from 1797 to 1800
+  inclusive. Published by Hookham and Carpenter, Bond Street. Square
+  12mo.</p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">Jer. Collier's Ecclesiastical History of
+  England</span>. Folio Edition. Vol II.</p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">London Labour and the London Poor.</span></p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">Proceedings of the London Geological
+  Society.</span></p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">Prescott's History of the Conquest of Mexico</span>.
+  3 Vols. London. Vol. III.</p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">Mrs. Ellis's Social Distinctions</span>. Tallis's
+  Edition. Vols. II. and III. 8vo.</p>
+
+<p class="cenhead">PAMPHLETS.</p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">Junius Discovered</span>. By P. T. Published about
+  1789.</p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">Reasons for Rejecting the Evidence of Mr.
+  Almon</span>, &amp;c. 1807.</p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">Another Guess at Junius</span>. Hookham. 1809.</p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">The Author of Junius Discovered</span>. Longmans.
+  1821.</p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">The Claims of Sir P. Francis refuted</span>.
+  Longmans. 1822.</p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">Who was Junius?</span> Glynn. 1837.</p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">Some New Facts</span>, &amp;c., by Sir F. Dwarris.
+  1850.</p>
+
+  <p>*** <i>Correspondents sending Lists of Books Wanted are requested to
+  send their names.</i></p>
+
+  <p>*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, <i>carriage
+  free</i>, to be sent to <span class="sc">Mr. Bell</span>, Publisher of
+  "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+<h2>Notices to Correspondents.</h2>
+
+  <p>G. T. (Reading). <i>We are happy to be able to assure our
+  Correspondent that that venerable antiquary</i> <span class="sc">John
+  Britton</span> <i>is still among us, and, when we last saw him, as hale
+  as his best friends could wish.</i></p>
+
+  <p>H. H. R. <i>will find in our earlier volumes several Notes on the
+  subject of his Query.</i></p>
+
+  <p>W. M. <i>The line</i>&mdash;</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"Incidis in Scyllam cupiens vitare Charybdim,"</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p><i>is from</i> lib. v. 301. <i>of the</i> Alexandreis <i>of Philip
+  Gualtier: and not</i> Tempora, <i>but</i></p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p class="hg3">"Omnia mutantur, nos et mutamur in illis,"</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p><i>is from a poem by Matthew Borbonius in the</i> Delitiæ Poetarum
+  Germanorum, vol. i. p. 683.</p>
+
+  <p>H. C. C. <i>Will this Correspondent favour us with his address in
+  exchange for that of</i> <span class="sc">Newbury</span>, <i>which we
+  have, and who wishes to correspond with him?</i></p>
+
+  <p>J. O. <i>May we insert the interesting Reply sent by this
+  Correspondent, or is it his wish that we should forward it?</i></p>
+
+  <p>W. S. F. <i>will find an interesting article on the loss of Gray's
+  original MS. from La Grande Chartreuse, in our</i> First Volume, p.
+  416.</p>
+
+  <p>J. M. G. <i>Is not the translation of</i> The Ode, <i>spoken of in the
+  article alluded to as being by James Hay Beattie, the one respecting
+  which our Querist inquires?</i></p>
+
+  <p>F. M. (A Maltese). 1. <i>We should recommend our Correspondent to make
+  his gun cotton with the nitrate of potash and sulphuric acid, as
+  originally recommended in</i> "N. &amp; Q.," <i>taking care that they are
+  both thoroughly incorporated before the addition of the cotton. Much
+  vexation often occurs in consequence of the various strengths of nitric
+  acid. But the gun cotton can now be procured at some of the photographic
+  houses quite as reasonably as it can be prepared.</i> 2. <i>Acetic acid
+  is added to the pyrogallic acid to prevent its too rapid decomposition,
+  and to facilitate the more easy flowing of the fluid over the plate. But
+  the more acetic acid is used, the more slow will be the development.</i>
+  3. <i>Is not the cracking of the albumen the result of the climate of
+  Malta?</i></p>
+
+  <p>F. (Manchester). <i>We do not think that you can do better than adopt
+  strictly the mode of obtaining positives recommended by</i> <span
+  class="sc">Mr. Pollock</span>, <i>and which we printed some time since;
+  or that pursued by</i> <span class="sc">Dr. Diamond</span>, <i>which we
+  have in type, but have been compelled to postpone until next
+  week.</i></p>
+
+  <p>A. B. C. <i>Having ourselves practised the</i> Paper Process,
+  <i>according to the directions given in our first Number for the present
+  year (with the correction of using the gallic acid, which, as stated in a
+  subsequent Number, was by accident omitted), we would advise our
+  Correspondent to adhere </i>strictly<i> to those rules rather than any
+  other with which we have since become acquainted. We are of opinion that
+  sufficient care is very rarely used in the preparation of the iodized
+  paper, and upon which all future success must depend.</i></p>
+
+  <p><i>A few complete sets of</i> "<span class="sc">Notes and
+  Queries</span>," Vols. i. <i>to</i> vii., <i>price Three Guineas and a
+  Half, may now be had; for which early application is desirable.</i></p>
+
+  <p>"<span class="sc">Notes and Queries</span>" <i>is published at noon on
+  Friday, so that the Country Booksellers may receive Copies in that
+  night's parcels, and deliver them to their Subscribers on the
+  Saturday.</i></p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+<p><!-- Page 307 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page307"></a>{307}</span></p>
+
+  <p>INDIGESTION, CONSTIPATION, NERVOUSNESS, &amp;c.&mdash;BARRY, DU BARRY
+  &amp; CO.'S HEALTH-RESTORING FOOD for INVALIDS and INFANTS.</p>
+
+<hr class="short" />
+
+  <p>THE REVALENTA ARABICA FOOD, the only natural, pleasant, and effectual
+  remedy (without medicine, purging, inconvenience, or expense, as it saves
+  fifty times its cost in other remedies) for nervous, stomachic,
+  intestinal, liver and bilious complaints, however deeply rooted,
+  dyspepsia (indigestion), habitual constipation, diarrh&oelig;a, acidity,
+  heartburn, flatulency, oppression, distension, palpitation, eruption of
+  the skin, rheumatism, gout, dropsy, sickness at the stomach during
+  pregnancy, at sea, and under all other circumstances, debility in the
+  aged as well as infants, fits, spasms, cramps, paralysis, &amp;c.</p>
+
+<p class="cenhead"><i>A few out of 50,000 Cures:&mdash;</i></p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>Cure, No. 71, of dyspepsia; from the Right Hon. the Lord Stuart de
+  Decies:&mdash;"I have derived considerable benefits from your Revalenta
+  Arabica Food, and consider it due to yourselves and the public to
+  authorise the publication of these lines.&mdash;<span class="sc">Stuart
+  de Decies.</span>"</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>Cure, No. 49,832:&mdash;"Fifty years' indescribable agony from
+  dyspepsia, nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation, flatulency, spasms,
+  sickness at the stomach, and vomitings have been removed by Du Barry's
+  excellent food.&mdash;<span class="sc">Maria Jolly</span>, Wortham Ling,
+  near Diss, Norfolk."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>Cure, No. 180:&mdash;"Twenty-five years' nervousness, constipation,
+  indigestion, and debility, from which I had suffered great misery, and
+  which no medicine could remove or relieve, have been effectually cured by
+  Du Barry's food in a very short time.&mdash;<span class="sc">W. R.
+  Reeves</span>, Pool Anthony, Tiverton."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>Cure, No. 4,208:&mdash;"Eight years' dyspepsia, nervousness, debility,
+  with cramps, spasms, and nausea, for which my servant had consulted the
+  advice of many, have been effectually removed by Du Barry's delicious
+  food in a very short time. I shall be happy to answer any
+  inquiries.&mdash;<span class="sc">Rev. John W. Flavell</span>, Ridlington
+  Rectory, Norfolk."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+<p class="cenhead"><i>Dr. Wurzer's Testimonial.</i></p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p class="author">"Bonn, July 19. 1852.</p>
+
+  <p>"This light and pleasant Farina is one of the most excellent,
+  nourishing, and restorative remedies, and supersedes, in many cases, all
+  kinds of medicines. It is particularly useful in confined habit of body,
+  as also diarrh&oelig;a, bowel complaints, affections of the kidneys and
+  bladder, such as stone or gravel; inflammatory irritation and cramp of
+  the urethra, cramp of the kidneys and bladder, strictures, and
+  hemorrhoids. This really invaluable remedy is employed with the most
+  satisfactory result, not only in bronchial and pulmonary complaints,
+  where irritation and pain are to be removed, but also in pulmonary and
+  bronchial consumption, in which it counteracts effectually the
+  troublesome cough; and I am enabled with perfect truth to express the
+  conviction that Du Barry's Revalenta Arabica is adapted to the cure of
+  incipient hectic complaints and consumption.</p>
+
+<p class="cenhead">"<span class="sc">Dr. Rud Wurzer.</span><br />
+"Counsel of Medicine, and practical M.D. in Bonn."</p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>London Agents:&mdash;Fortnum, Mason &amp; Co., 182. Piccadilly,
+  purveyors to Her Majesty the Queen; Hedges &amp; Butler, 155. Regent
+  Street; and through all respectable grocers, chemists, and medicine
+  venders. In canisters, suitably packed for all climates, and with full
+  instructions, 1lb. 2<i>s.</i> 9<i>d.</i>; 2lb. 4<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>;
+  5lb. 11<i>s.</i>; 12lb. 22<i>s.</i>; super-refined, 5lb. 22<i>s.</i>;
+  10lb. 33<i>s.</i> The 10lb. and 12lb. carriage free, on receipt of
+  Post-office order.&mdash;Barry, Du Barry Co., 77. Regent Street,
+  London.</p>
+
+  <p><span class="sc">Important Caution.</span>&mdash;Many invalids having
+  been seriously injured by spurious imitations under closely similar
+  names, such as Ervalenta, Arabaca, and others, the public will do well to
+  see that each canister bears the name <span class="sc">Barry, Du Barry
+  &amp; Co.</span>, 77. Regent Street, London, in full, <i>without which
+  none is genuine</i>.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+<h3>WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE
+AND ANNUITY SOCIETY.</h3>
+
+<p class="cenhead">3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON.</p>
+
+<p class="cenhead">Founded A.D. 1842.</p>
+
+<hr class="short" />
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p><i>Directors.</i></p>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p>H. E. Bicknell, Esq.</p>
+      <p>T. S. Cocks, Jun. Esq., M.&nbsp;P.</p>
+      <p>G. H. Drew, Esq.</p>
+      <p>W. Evans, Esq.</p>
+      <p>W. Freeman, Esq.</p>
+      <p>F. Fuller, Esq.</p>
+      <p>J. H. Goodhart, Esq.</p>
+      <p>T. Grissell, Esq.</p>
+      <p>J. Hunt, Esq.</p>
+      <p>J. A. Lethbridge, Esq.</p>
+      <p>E. Lucas, Esq.</p>
+      <p>J. Lys Seager, Esq.</p>
+      <p>J. B. White, Esq.</p>
+      <p>J. Carter Wood, Esq.</p>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p><i>Trustees.</i>&mdash;W. Whateley, Esq., Q.C.; George Drew, Esq., T. Grissell, Esq.</p>
+      <p><i>Physician.</i>&mdash;William Rich. Basham, M.D.</p>
+      <p><i>Bankers.</i>&mdash;Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross.</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+<p class="cenhead">VALUABLE PRIVILEGE.</p>
+
+  <p>POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary
+  difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application
+  to suspend the payment at interest, according to the conditions detailed
+  in the Prospectus.</p>
+
+  <p>Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100<i>l.</i>, with a Share
+  in three-fourths of the Profits:&mdash;</p>
+
+
+<table width="17%" class="nob" summary="Specimens of Rates" title="Specimens of Rates">
+  <tr>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:left; width:57%">
+      <p>Age</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right; width:14%">
+      <p><i>£</i></p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right; width:14%">
+      <p><i>s.</i></p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right; width:14%">
+      <p><i>d.</i></p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:left">
+      <p>17</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>1</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>14</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>4</p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:left">
+      <p>22</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>1</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>18</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>8</p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:left">
+      <p>27</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>2</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>4</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>5</p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:left">
+      <p>32</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>2</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>10</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>8</p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:left">
+      <p>37</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>2</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>18</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>6</p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+
+  <tr>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:left">
+      <p>42</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>3</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>8</p>
+    </td>
+    <td class="nob" style="text-align:right">
+      <p>2</p>
+    </td>
+  </tr>
+</table>
+
+  <p>ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary.</p>
+
+  <p>Now ready, price 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>, Second Edition, with material
+  additions. INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION: being a TREATISE ON
+  BENEFIT BUILDING SOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of Land
+  Investment, exemplified in the Cases of Freehold Land Societies, Building
+  Companies, &amp;c. With a Mathematical Appendix on Compound Interest and
+  Life Assurance. By ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life
+  Assurance Society, 3. Parliament Street, London.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+  <p>BANK OF DEPOSIT.</p>
+
+  <p>7. St. Martin's Place, Trafalgar Square, London.</p>
+
+  <p>PARTIES desirous of INVESTING MONEY are requested to examine the Plan
+  of this Institution, by which a high rate of Interest may be obtained
+  with perfect Security.</p>
+
+  <p>Interest payable in January and July.</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p>PETER MORRISON,</p>
+      <p>Managing Director.</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+  <p>Prospectuses free on application.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+  <p>DAGUERREOTYPE MATERIALS.&mdash;Plates, Cases, Passepartoutes, Best and
+  Cheapest. To be had in great variety at</p>
+
+  <p>M<sup>c</sup>MILLAN'S Wholesale Depot, 132. Fleet Street.</p>
+
+  <p>Price List Gratis.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+  <p>BENNETT'S MODEL WATCH, as shown at the GREAT EXHIBITION, No. 1. Class
+  X., in Gold and Silver Cases, in five qualities, and adapted to all
+  Climates, may now be had at the MANUFACTORY, 65. CHEAPSIDE. Superior Gold
+  London-made Patent Levers, 17, 15, and 12 guineas. Ditto, in Silver
+  Cases, 8, 6, and 4 guineas. First-rate Geneva Levers, in Gold Cases, 12,
+  10, and 8 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 5 guineas. Superior
+  Lever, with Chronometer Balance, Gold, 27, 23, and 19 guineas. Bennett's
+  Pocket Chronometer, Gold, 50 guineas; Silver, 40 guineas. Every Watch
+  skilfully examined, timed, and its performance guaranteed. Barometers,
+  2<i>l.</i>, 3<i>l.</i>, and 4<i>l.</i> Thermometers from 1<i>s.</i>
+  each.</p>
+
+  <p>BENNETT, Watch, Clock, and Instrument Maker to the Royal Observatory,
+  the Board of Ordnance, the Admiralty, and the Queen,</p>
+
+  <p>65. CHEAPSIDE.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+  <p>PHOTOGRAPHIC PICTURES.&mdash;A Selection of the above beautiful
+  Productions (comprising Views in VENICE, PARIS, RUSSIA, NUBIA, &amp;c.)
+  may be seen at BLAND &amp; LONG'S, 153. Fleet Street, where may also be
+  procured Apparatus of every Description, and pure Chemicals for the
+  practice of Photography in all its Branches.</p>
+
+  <p>Calotype, Daguerreotype, and Glass Pictures for the Stereoscope.</p>
+
+  <p>*** Catalogues may be had on application.</p>
+
+  <p>BLAND &amp; LONG, Opticians, Philosophical and Photographical
+  Instrument Makers, and Operative Chemists, 153. Fleet Street.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+  <p>PHOTOGRAPHY.&mdash;HORNE &amp; CO.'S Iodized Collodion, for obtaining
+  Instantaneous Views, and Portraits in from three to thirty seconds,
+  according to light.</p>
+
+  <p>Portraits obtained by the above, for delicacy of detail rival the
+  choicest Daguerreotypes, specimens of which may be seen at their
+  Establishment.</p>
+
+  <p>Also every description of Apparatus, Chemicals, &amp;c. &amp;c. used
+  in this beautiful Art.&mdash;123. and 121. Newgate Street.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+  <p>PHOTOGRAPHIC PAPER.&mdash;Negative and Positive Papers of Whatman's,
+  Turner's, Sanford's, and Canson Frères' make. Waxed-Paper for Le Gray's
+  Process. Iodized and Sensitive Paper for every kind of Photography.</p>
+
+  <p>Sold by JOHN SANFORD, Photographic Stationer, Aldine Chambers, 13.
+  Paternoster Row, London.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+  <p>IMPROVEMENT IN COLLODION.&mdash;J.B. HOCKIN &amp; CO., Chemists, 289.
+  Strand, have, by an improved mode of Iodizing, succeeded in producing a
+  Collodion equal, they may say superior, in sensitiveness and density of
+  Negative, to any other hitherto published; without diminishing the
+  keeping properties and appreciation of half tint for which their
+  manufacture has been esteemed.</p>
+
+  <p>Apparatus, pure Chemicals, and all the requirements for the practice
+  of Photography. Instruction in the Art.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+  <p>PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS.&mdash;OTTEWILL'S REGISTERED DOUBLE-BODIED
+  FOLDING CAMERA, is superior to every other form of Camera, for the
+  Photographic Tourist, from its capability of Elongation or Contraction to
+  any Focal Adjustment, its extreme Portability, and its adaptation for
+  taking either Views or Portraits.</p>
+
+  <p>Every Description of Camera, or Slides, Tripod Stands, Printing
+  Frames, &amp;c., may be obtained at his MANUFACTORY, Charlotte Terrace,
+  Barnsbury Road, Islington.</p>
+
+  <p>New Inventions, Models, &amp;c., made to order or from Drawings.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+  <p>W. H. HART, RECORD AGENT and LEGAL ANTIQUARIAN (who is in the
+  possession of Indices to many of the early Public Records whereby his
+  Inquiries are greatly facilitated) begs to inform Authors and Gentlemen
+  engaged in Antiquarian or Literary Pursuits, that he is prepared to
+  undertake searches among the Public Records, MSS. in the British Museum,
+  Ancient Wills, or other Depositories of a similar Nature, in any Branch
+  of Literature, History, Topography, Genealogy, or the like, and in which
+  he has had considerable experience.</p>
+
+  <p>1. ALBERT TERRACE, NEW CROSS, HATCHAM, SURREY.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+<p><!-- Page 308 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page308"></a>{308}</span></p>
+
+  <p>MURRAY'S RAILWAY READING.</p>
+
+  <p>Just ready, with Woodcuts, fcap. 8vo., 1<i>s.</i></p>
+
+  <p>THE GUILLOTINE. An Historical Essay. By the RIGHT HON. JOHN WILSON
+  CROKER. Reprinted from "The Quarterly Review."</p>
+
+  <p>The former Volumes of this Series are&mdash;</p>
+
+  <p>LOCKHART'S ANCIENT SPANISH BALLADS.</p>
+
+  <p>HOLLWAY'S MONTH IN NORWAY.</p>
+
+  <p>LORD CAMPBELL'S LIFE OF LORD BACON.</p>
+
+  <p>WELLINGTON. By JULES MAUREL.</p>
+
+  <p>DEAN MILMAN'S FALL OF JERUSALEM.</p>
+
+  <p>LIFE OF THEODORE HOOK.</p>
+
+  <p>LORD MAHON'S STORY OF JOAN OF ARC.</p>
+
+  <p>HALLAM'S LITERARY ESSAYS AND CHARACTERS.</p>
+
+  <p>THE EMIGRANT. By SIR F. B. HEAD.</p>
+
+  <p>WELLINGTON. By LORD ELLESMERE.</p>
+
+  <p>MUSIC AND DRESS. By a LADY.</p>
+
+  <p>LAYARD'S POPULAR ACCOUNT OF NINEVEH.</p>
+
+  <p>BEES AND FLOWERS. By a CLERGYMAN.</p>
+
+  <p>LORD MAHON'S HISTORY OF THE "FORTY-FIVE."</p>
+
+  <p>ESSAYS FROM "THE TIMES."</p>
+
+  <p>GIFFARD'S DEEDS OF NAVAL DARING.</p>
+
+  <p>THE ART OF DINING.</p>
+
+  <p>OLIPHANT'S JOURNEY TO NEPAUL.</p>
+
+  <p>THE CHACE, THE TURF, AND THE ROAD. By NIMROD.</p>
+
+  <p>JAMES' FABLES OF ÆSOP.</p>
+
+  <p>To be followed by</p>
+
+  <p>BEAUTIES OF BYRON: PROSE AND VERSE.</p>
+
+  <p>A SECOND SERIES OF ESSAYS FROM "THE TIMES."</p>
+
+  <p>The ANCIENT EGYPTIANS. By SIR J. G. WILKINSON.</p>
+
+  <p>JOHN MURRAY, Albemarle Street.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+  <p>COMPLETION OF THE WORK.&mdash;On the 30th September, cloth 1<i>s.</i>;
+  by Post, 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>, pp. 192.&mdash;WELSH SKETCHES, THIRD (and
+  Last) SERIES. By the Author of "Proposals for Christian Union."
+  Contents:&mdash;1. Edward the Black Prince. 2. Owen Glendower, Prince of
+  Wales. 3. Mediæval Bardism. 4. The Welsh Church.</p>
+
+  <p>London: JAMES DARLING, 81. Great Queen Street, Lincoln's Inn
+  Fields.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+  <p>Now ready, price 25<i>s.</i>, Second Edition, revised and corrected.
+  Dedicated by Special Permission to THE (LATE) ARCHBISHOP OF
+  CANTERBURY.</p>
+
+  <p>PSALMS AND HYMNS FOR THE SERVICE OF THE CHURCH. The words selected by
+  the Very Rev. H.&nbsp;H. MILMAN, D.D., Dean of St. Paul's. The Music arranged
+  for Four Voices, but applicable also to Two or One, including Chants for
+  the Services. Responses to the Commandments, and a Concise <span
+  class="sc">System of Chanting</span>, by J.&nbsp;B. SALE. Musical Instructor
+  and Organist to Her Majesty. 4to., neat, in morocco cloth, price
+  25<i>s.</i> To be had of Mr. J.&nbsp;B. SALE, 21. Holywell Street, Millbank,
+  Westminster, on the receipt of a Post-office Order for that amount: and,
+  by order, of the principal Booksellers and Music Warehouses.</p>
+
+<blockquote class="b1n">
+
+  <p>"A great advance on the works we have hitherto had, connected with our
+  Church and Cathedral Service."&mdash;<i>Times.</i></p>
+
+  <p>"A collection of Psalm Tunes certainly unequalled in this
+  country."&mdash;<i>Literary Gazette.</i></p>
+
+  <p>"One of the best collections of tunes which we have yet seen. Well
+  merits the distinguished patronage under which it
+  appears."&mdash;<i>Musical World.</i></p>
+
+  <p>"A collection of Psalms and Hymns, together with a system of Chanting
+  of a very superior character to any which has hitherto
+  appeared."&mdash;<i>John Bull.</i></p>
+
+</blockquote>
+
+  <p>London: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.</p>
+
+  <p>Also, lately published,</p>
+
+  <p>J. B. SALE'S SANCTUS, COMMANDMENTS and CHANTS as performed at the
+  Chapel Royal St. James, price 2<i>s.</i></p>
+
+  <p>C. LONSDALE, 26. Old Bond Street.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+  <p>TO NUMISMATISTS, &amp;c.&mdash;For Sale, on Moderate Terms, a
+  considerable portion of the celebrated French Work entitled TRESOR DE
+  NUMISMATIQUE ET DE GLYPTIQUE published under the Superintendence of MM.
+  PAUL DELAROCHE, HENRIQUEL DUPONT, and CHARLES LENORMANT; 15 Parts. Paris,
+  1836. Royal folio, eight bound and seven unbound, in good condition,
+  price Fifteen Guineas. For farther particulars, apply to</p>
+
+  <p>MR. GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street, Where the Work may be seen.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+  <p>PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION.&mdash;An EXHIBITION of PICTURES, by the most
+  celebrated French, Italian, and English Photographers, embracing Views of
+  the principal Countries and Cities of Europe, is now OPEN. Admission
+  6<i>d.</i> A Portrait taken by MR. TALBOT'S Patent Process, One Guinea;
+  Three extra Copies for 10<i>s.</i></p>
+
+  <p>PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION, 168. NEW BOND STREET.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+  <p>PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERA for SALE.&mdash;To be disposed of, A PHOTOGRAPHIC
+  CAMERA, with Combination Achromatic Lenses, and Apparatus for the
+  Daguerreotype and Collodion Processes. Price 5<i>l.</i> 10<i>s.</i></p>
+
+  <p>Apply to E. FLOWER, 32. Gell Street, Sheffield.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+  <p>TO ALL WHO HAVE FARMS OR GARDENS.</p>
+
+  <p>THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE.</p>
+
+  <p>(The Horticultural Part edited by PROF. LINDLEY,)</p>
+
+  <p>Of Saturday, September 17, contains Articles on</p>
+
+  <div class="poem">
+    <div class="stanza">
+      <p>Agricultural College examinations</p>
+      <p>Anacharis alsinastrum, by Mr. Marshall</p>
+      <p>Antwerp, effect of the winter at</p>
+      <p>Arachis, oil of</p>
+      <p>Ash tree, leaves of</p>
+      <p>Books noticed</p>
+      <p>Bossiæas</p>
+      <p>Burnturk farm, noticed</p>
+      <p>Calendar, horticultural</p>
+      <p>&mdash;&mdash; agricultural</p>
+      <p>Cider apple trees</p>
+      <p>Cineraria, culture of</p>
+      <p>Climate of Antwerp</p>
+      <p>&mdash;&mdash; of India (with engraving)</p>
+      <p>College (Agr.) examinations</p>
+      <p>Conifers, new applications of leaves of, by M. Seemann</p>
+      <p>Coppice, how to prepare for fruit trees</p>
+      <p>Dahlias at Surrey show</p>
+      <p>Drainage discussion</p>
+      <p>Evergreens at Antwerp, effect of the winter on</p>
+      <p>Gomphrena amaranthus</p>
+      <p>Grass land, to improve</p>
+      <p>Ground nuts</p>
+      <p>Gymnopsis uniserialis</p>
+      <p>Henderson's (Messrs. E. G.) nursery</p>
+      <p>Hop mould</p>
+      <p>India, climate of (with engraving)</p>
+      <p>Leaves of the ash tree</p>
+      <p>Leschenaultia formosa</p>
+      <p>Manure, saw-dust as, by Mr. Mackenzie</p>
+      <p>Manuring, liquid</p>
+      <p>Martin Doyle</p>
+      <p>Milk preserving, by Mr. Symington</p>
+      <p>Newcastle Farmers' Club</p>
+      <p>Nuts, ground</p>
+      <p>Onions, by Mr. Symons</p>
+      <p>Orchard houses</p>
+      <p>Pig breeding farm, by Mr. Hulme</p>
+      <p>Pine wool, by M. Seemann</p>
+      <p>Plants, variegated, by Mr. Mackenzie</p>
+      <p>&mdash;&mdash; vitality of</p>
+      <p>&mdash;&mdash; new</p>
+      <p>Plums, Dowling's</p>
+      <p>Potato sets, dried, by Mr. Goodiff</p>
+      <p>Radish, Black Spanish</p>
+      <p>Reaping machines</p>
+      <p>Sawdust as manure, by Mr. Mackenzie</p>
+      <p>Sobralia fragrans</p>
+      <p>Steam culture</p>
+      <p>Stock, does live, pay? by Mr. Mechi</p>
+      <p>&mdash;&mdash; value of, in the United States, by Mr. Shechan</p>
+      <p>Village excursions</p>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+<hr class="short" />
+
+  <p>THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE and AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE contains, in
+  addition to the above, the Covent Garden, Mark Lane, Smithfield, and
+  Liverpool prices, with returns from the Potato, Hop, Hay, Coal, Timber,
+  Bark, Wool, and Seed Markets, and a <i>complete Newspaper, with a
+  condensed account of all the transactions of the week</i>.</p>
+
+  <p>ORDER of any Newsvender. OFFICE for Advertisements, 5. Upper
+  Wellington Street, Covent Garden, London.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+  <p>BEST HISTORY OF FRANCE.</p>
+
+  <p>Price 5<i>s.</i> cloth, lettered.</p>
+
+  <p>BONNECHOSE'S HISTORY OF FRANCE, translated by W. ROBSON, Translator of
+  Michaud's "History of the Crusades."</p>
+
+  <p>"This work is in general use in all the French schools, and the French
+  Academy have recently decreed the Author the first Montyon prize."</p>
+
+  <p>London: GEORGE ROUTLEDGE &amp; CO., Farringdon Street.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+  <p>This Day is published, price 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>, the Second Volume
+  of MISS AGNES STRICKLAND'S LIFE OF MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS, forming the
+  Fourth Volume of her LIVES OF THE QUEENS OF SCOTLAND, and English
+  Princesses connected with the Regal Succession. With a Portrait of Mary
+  at the Age of Twenty-five, from the Original Painting presented by
+  herself to Sir Henry Curwen of Workinton Hall.</p>
+
+  <p>WILLIAM BLACKWOOD &amp; SONS, Edinburgh and London.</p>
+
+<hr class="full" />
+
+  <p>Printed by <span class="sc">Thomas Clark Shaw</span>, of No. 10.
+  Stonefield Street, in the Parish of St. Mary, Islington, at No. 5. New
+  Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London; and
+  published by <span class="sc">George Bell</span>, of No. 186. Fleet
+  Street, in the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of London,
+  Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.&mdash;Saturday, September
+  24. 1853.</p>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<pre>
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 204,
+September 24, 1853, by Various
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES ***
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+</pre>
+
+</body>
+</html>
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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 204, September
+24, 1853, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Notes and Queries, Number 204, September 24, 1853
+       A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists,
+       Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc.
+
+Author: Various
+
+Editor: George Bell
+
+Release Date: October 24, 2008 [EBook #27004]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins
+and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
+http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images
+generously made available by The Internet Library of Early
+Journals.)
+
+
+
+
+
+Transcriber's note: A few typographical errors have been corrected: they
+are listed at the end of the text.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+{285}
+
+NOTES AND QUERIES:
+
+A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES,
+GENEALOGISTS, ETC.
+
+"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+No. 204.]
+SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 24. 1853.
+[Price Fourpence. Stamped Edition 5d.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+CONTENTS.
+
+  NOTES:--                                                    Page
+
+    Extinct Volcanos and Mountains of Gold in Scotland         285
+    Thomas Blount, Author of "Fragmenta Antiquitatis,"
+    &c., by J. B. Whitborne                                    286
+    "Give him a Roll."--A Plea for the Horse, by C.
+    Forbes                                                     287
+    Dream Testimony, by C. H. Cooper                           287
+    Shakspeare Correspondence                                  288
+
+    MINOR NOTES:--Epitaph from Stalbridge--Curious
+    Extracts: Dean Nowell: Bottled Beer--A Collection
+    of Sentences out of some of the Writings of the
+    Lord Bacon--Law and Usage--Manichaean Games
+    --Bohn's Hoveden--Milton at Eyford House                   289
+
+  QUERIES:--
+
+    Earl of Leicester's Portrait, 1585                         290
+    Early Use of Tin                                           291
+    St. Patrick--Maune and Man, by J. G. Cumming               291
+    Passage in Bingham, by Richard Bingham                     291
+
+    MINOR QUERIES:--"Terrae filius"--Daughter pronounced
+    Dafter--Administration of the Holy Communion
+    --Love Charm from a Foal's Forehead--A
+    Scrape--"Plus occidit Gula," &c.--Anecdote of
+    Napoleon--Canonisation in the Greek Church--Binometrical
+    Verses--Dictionary of English Phrases
+    --Lines on Woman--Collections for Poor Slaves--
+    The Earl of Oxford and the Creation of Peers--
+    "Like one who wakes," &c.                                  292
+
+    MINOR QUERIES WITH ANSWERS:--Glossarial Queries
+    --Military Knights of Windsor--"Elijah's Mantle"           294
+
+  REPLIES:--
+
+    Milton and Malatesti, by S. W. Singer                      295
+    Attainment of Majority                                     296
+    John Frewen                                                296
+    "Voiding Knife," "Voider," and "Alms-Basket," by
+    W. Chaffers                                                297
+    The Letter "h" in Humble                                   298
+    School Libraries, by Mackenzie Walcott, M.A., &c.          298
+    Dr. John Taylor                                            299
+    Portrait of Sir Anthony Wingfield, by John Wodderspoon,
+    &c.                                                        299
+    Barnacles                                                  300
+
+    PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE:--Precision in Photographic
+    Processes--Tent for Collodion--Mr.
+    Sisson's Developing Solution--Mr. Stewart's Pantograph     301
+
+    REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES:--George Browne of
+    Shefford--Wheale--Sir Arthur Aston--"A Mockery,"
+    &c.--Norman of Winster--Arms of the See of
+    York--Roger Wilbraham Esq.'s, Cheshire Collection
+    --Pierrepont--Passage in Bacon--Monumental Inscription
+    in Peterborough Cathedral--Lord North--
+    Land of Green Ginger--Sheer, and Shear Hulk--
+    Serpent with a Human Head--"When the maggot
+    bites"--Definition of a Proverb--Gilbert White
+    of Selborne, &c.                                           301
+
+  MISCELLANEOUS:--
+
+    Notes on Books, &c.                                        306
+    Books and Odd Volumes wanted                               306
+    Notices to Correspondents                                  306
+    Advertisements                                             307
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Notes.
+
+EXTINCT VOLCANOS AND MOUNTAINS OF GOLD IN SCOTLAND.
+
+It is by some supposed that the Hill of Noth, in the parish of Rhynie,
+Aberdeenshire, had at one time been a volcano in full operation: others,
+again, maintain that the scoria found on and in the neighbourhood are
+portions of a vitrified fort, which had at one time stood on its summit. I
+am not aware that the matter has been investigated since our advancement in
+the science of geology has enabled us to have a more intimate knowledge of
+these things than formerly. The last statistical account of Scotland has
+suffered severely in its Aberdeenshire volume, in consequence of the
+temporary deposition of the "seven Strathbogie clergymen." The accounts of
+their several parishes were written by parties only newly come to reside in
+them, and who appear to have taken little interest in it; and Rhynie is one
+of these. Those who argue for its having been a volcano, say that it is
+very possible that there may at one time have been an electric or magnetic
+chain connecting it with subterranean fire in some other quarter of the
+world; and that by some convulsion of nature, the spinal cord of its
+existence had been broken, and life became extinct. This hypothesis has
+been acted on, in accounting for the earthquakes which occur at Comrie in
+Perthshire. The great storm which devastated the princely estates of Earl
+Goodwin in Kent (circa anno 1098), and now so well known to mariners as the
+Goodwin Sands, is also said to have laid waste the parish of Forvie, in
+Aberdeenshire. On the occasion of the great earthquake at Lisbon in 1755, a
+flock of sheep were drowned in their cot in the neighbourhood of
+Lossiemouth, near Elgin, by the overflowing of the tide, although far
+removed from ordinary high-water-mark. Assuming this mountain to have been
+a volcano, are there any others in Great Britain? While on the subject of
+mountains in that quarter, there is another which also demands attention
+for quite a different reason, the Hill of Dun-o-Deer, in the parish of
+Insch: a conical hill of no great elevation, on the top of which stand the
+remains of a vitrified fort {286} or castle, said to have been built by
+King Gregory about the year 880, and was used by that monarch as a
+hunting-seat and where, combining business with pleasure, he is said to
+have meted out even-handed justice to his subjects in the Garioch. It has
+long been the popular belief that this hill contains gold; and that the
+teeth of sheep fed on it assume a yellower tinge, and also that their fat
+is of the same colour. Notwithstanding this, no attempt at scientific
+investigation has ever been made. The operations on the line of the Great
+North of Scotland Railway, now in progress in the immediate neighbourhood,
+may possibly bring something to light. This line passes for many miles
+through a country particularly rich in recollections of the "olden
+time"--cairns, camps, old chapels, druidical circles, sculptured stones,
+&c. and where ancient coins, battle-axes of all the three periods, urns and
+elf-arrow heads, Roman armour, &c., have been disinterred by the ordinary
+labours of the field. Within a short distance of its route lies the Hill of
+Barra, where the famous battle was fought, anno 1308, between the "Bruce"
+and the "Comyn;" the Bass at Inverary, the Hill of Benachie, with the
+remains of a fortification on its summit, said to have been erected by the
+Picts; the field of Harlaw, famed in song, where the battle was fought in
+1411, in which Donald of the Isles was defeated. There are many traditional
+ballads and stories relating to Benachie and Noth. There is a ballad called
+"John O'Benachie" and another, "John O'Rhynie, or Jock O'Noth" and they do
+not appear in any collection of ancient ballads I have seen. It is said
+that long "before King Robert rang," two giants inhabited these mountains,
+and are supposed to be the respective heroes of the two ballads. These two
+sons of Anak appear to have lived on pretty friendly terms, and to have
+enjoyed a social crack together, each at his own residence, although
+distant some ten or twelve miles. These worthies had another amusement,
+that of throwing stones at each other; not small pebbles you may believe,
+but large boulders. On one occasion, however, there appears to have been a
+coolness between them; for one morning, as he of Noth was returning from a
+foraging excursion in the district of Buchan, his friend of Benachie, not
+relishing what he considered an intrusion on his legitimate beat, took up a
+large stone and threw at him as he was passing. Noth, on hearing it
+rebounding, coolly turned round, and putting himself in a posture of
+defence, received the ponderous mass on the sole of his foot: and I believe
+that the stone, with a deeply indented foot-mark on it, is, like the bricks
+in Jack Cade's chimney, "alive at this day to testify." Legendary lore and
+fabulous ballads aside, it would indeed be strange if something interesting
+to the antiquary does not turn up in such a mine as this. It is curious,
+however, that in all the operations antecedent to covering Great Britain
+with, as it were, a network of iron, so very few discoveries should have
+been made of any importance, either to the antiquary or geologist.
+
+ABREDONENSIS.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+THOMAS BLOUNT, AUTHOR OF "FRAGMENTA ANTIQUITATIS," ETC.
+
+Being on a visit to some friends on the confines of the county of Salop,
+bordering on Herefordshire, I took the opportunity long cherished of
+visiting the spot where lie the remains of the author of _Boscobel;
+Fragmenta Antiquitatis, or Ancient Tenures of Land, and Jocular Customs of
+Manors, &c._, and copied the following inscription from his monument, in
+the chancel of the ancient church of Orleton in the latter county. I
+believe it has never been published; and although neither Note nor Query is
+connected with it, it may serve to fill up a corner in your valuable
+miscellany, and thus preserve from the oblivion of a retired country
+church, a memorial of one well known to the antiquarian world of
+literature. It is on a brass plate inserted in a stone monument against the
+wall of the chancel:
+
+                   "D.O.M.
+          Hic seminatur Corpus Animale
+            Spiritale resurrecturum
+                  THOMAE BLOUNT.
+    De Orleton in agro Herefordiensi Armigeri,
+        Ex interiori Templo Londini J Cti.
+        Viri priscis Moribus avitae Fidei,
+        Vitae integerrimae, Pietatis solidae,
+  Fidelitatem, Dilectionem, Amorem, Charitatem,
+      In Principem, Suos, Amicos, Omnes,
+              Illibate coluit.
+                Uxorem duxit
+                    Annam
+      Filiam Eadmundi Church Armigeri
+          E Maldonia East Saxonum.
+            Unica Corporis prole.
+                (Elizabetha)
+              Mentis multiplici
+            (Libris utilissimis)
+      Familiam propagavit, perennavit Famam.
+  Requiem, Lector, si fas ducis, huic apprecare
+                Et melior abi.
+      Obiit Decembris 26, 1679. AEtatis 61.
+                   ----
+            Pientissima Coniunx
+                  moerens
+                  Posuit."
+
+The village of Orleton is celebrated for a very large annual fair, which
+occurs on April 23; and a saying is connected therewith: "That the cuckoo
+always comes on Orleton fair-day;" which has doubtless arisen from the
+circumstance, that this "messenger of spring" generally arrives in this
+country by that day.
+
+J. B. WHITBORNE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+{287}
+
+"GIVE HIM A ROLL."--A PLEA FOR THE HORSE.
+
+We learn, from the comedy of the _The Clouds_, that the Athenians were
+accustomed to refresh their horses after a race by allowing then to roll on
+the ground; for Pheidippides, the wild young man of the play, who spent
+much of his own time and of his father's money on the "turf," and who is
+shown in the opening scene fast asleep in bed, dreaming of his favourite
+amusement, says very quietly,
+
+    "[Greek: Apage ton hippon exalisas oikade] [32]--
+
+an order which he had probably often given to his groom at the Hippodrome,
+the Newmarket or Ascot of Athens.
+
+I have often seen racing, I have often seen hunters brought home after a
+hard day's work, and I have read of forced marches, &c. made by cavalry and
+artillery; but never yet have I heard of an English Houyhnhnm, either at
+home or abroad, who was invited to refresh himself after his labours, civil
+or military, classically, with a _roll_.
+
+Dobbin, that four-footed Ofellus,
+
+    "Rusticus, abnormis sapiens, crassaque Minerva,"
+
+whenever he has the luck to spend his summer Sunday's _otium cum dignitate_
+in a paddock, invariably indulges in a baker's dozen, without waiting for
+an invitation to do so, and without saying "with your leave" or "by your
+leave."
+
+They ordered this matter better in Africa some fifty years ago, and I hope
+they still continue so to order it.
+
+By one of the stipulations of the hollow Peace of Amiens, the colony of the
+Cape of Good Hope was restored by Great Britain to the Batavian Republic,
+which immediately appointed Mr. J. A. de Mist its Commissary-General, and
+despatched him to receive the ceded territory from the hands of the
+English, to instal the new Governor, General J. W. Janssens, into his high
+office, and to reorganise the constitution of the colony.
+
+Having fulfilled these duties, Mr. De Mist determined to make a tour of
+inspection, and he accordingly travelled _on horseback_ nearly 4500 English
+miles through the interior. Among his suite was a Dr. Lichtenstein, the
+physician and _savant_ of the party, who afterwards published an account of
+the expedition.
+
+The extract that I am about to make from his work may at first sight appear
+unnecessarily long; but I wish the "courteous reader" to bear in mind that
+I do not cite it for the sake of parading a long rambling comment on five
+short words of Aristophanes, but for that of bringing forward additional
+evidence, to prove that a dry roll may occasionally be of as much service
+in recruiting the strength and spirits of that noble animal, the horse,
+when jaded by violent exertion or long-protracted toil, as our English
+nostrums, a warm mash or a bottle of water. Dr. Lichtenstein says,--
+
+    "Our road led us soon again over the Vogel river and here we were
+    obliged to supply ourselves with water for the whole day, since not a
+    drop was to be met with again till the Melk river, a distance of ten
+    hours [ = 50 English miles]. When we had filled our vessels, and our
+    cattle had drunk plentifully, we proceeded on our way.
+
+    "It is difficult for an European to form an idea of the hardships that
+    are to be encountered in a journey over such a dry plain at the hottest
+    season of the year. All vegetation seems utterly destroyed; not a blade
+    of grass, not a green leaf, is anywhere to be seen; and the soil, a
+    stiff loam, reflects back the heat of the sun with redoubled force; a
+    man may congratulate himself that, being on horseback, he is raised
+    some feet above it. Nor is any rest from these fatigues to be thought
+    of, since to stop where there is neither shade, water, or grass, would
+    be only to increase the evil, rather than to diminish it.
+
+    "Yet the African horses are so well accustomed to hardships, although
+    they have in fact much less innate strength than the European, that it
+    is incredible what a length of way they will go, in the most intense
+    heat, without either food or drink. It is, however, customary for the
+    riders to dismount at intervals, when the saddles are taken off, and
+    the animals are suffered to roll upon the ground and stretch out their
+    limbs for a short time. This they do with evident delight, and after
+    they have well rolled, stretched, and shaken themselves, they rise up
+    and go on as much refreshed as if they had had food and drink given
+    them. On arriving at a farm, the invitation of the host, who comes
+    immediately to the door, is, 'Get off, Sir, and let him roll.' A slave
+    then appears, takes the horse, and leads him backwards and forwards for
+    a few minutes, to recover his breath, and he is then unsaddled and left
+    to roll.
+
+    "These rollings were then the only refreshment we could offer our
+    horses, and both they and their riders were, when towards evening they
+    arrived at the Melk river, exceedingly exhausted."--_Travels in
+    Southern Africa in the Years 1803-1806_. By Henry Lichtenstein, Doctor
+    in Medicine and Philosophy, &c. &c. Translated from the original German
+    by Anne Plumptre: London, Henry Colburn, 1812; vol. i. chap. xxv.
+
+C. FORBES.
+
+Temple.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+DREAM TESTIMONY.
+
+On Saturday the 30th of July, 1853, the dead body of a young woman was
+discovered in a field at Littleport, in the Isle of Ely. The body has not
+yet been identified, and there can be little doubt that the young woman was
+murdered. At the adjourned inquest, held on the 29th of August, before Mr.
+William Marshall, one of the coroners for the isle, the following
+extraordinary evidence was given:
+
+    "James Jessop, an elderly, respectable-looking labourer, with a face of
+    the most perfect stolidity, and {288} who possessed a most
+    curiously-shaped skull, broad and flat at the top, and projecting
+    greatly on each side over the ears, deposed: 'I live about a furlong
+    and a half from where the body was found. I have seen the body of the
+    deceased. I had never seen her before her death. On the night of
+    Friday, the 29th of July, I dreamt three successive times that I heard
+    the cry of murder issuing from near the bottom of a close called Little
+    Ditchment Close (the place where the body was found). The first time I
+    dreamt I heard the cry it woke me. I fell asleep again, and dreamt the
+    same again. I then woke again, and told my wife. I could not rest; but
+    I dreamt it again after that. I got up between four and five o'clock,
+    but I did not go down to the close, the wheat and barley in which have
+    since been cut. I dreamt once, about twenty years ago, that I saw a
+    woman hanging in a barn, and on passing the next morning the barn which
+    appeared to me in my dream I entered, and did find a woman there
+    hanging, and cut her down just in time to save her life. I never told
+    my wife I heard any cries of murder, but I have mentioned it to several
+    persons since. I saw the body on the Saturday it was found. I did not
+    mention my dream to any one till a day or two after that. I saw the
+    field distinctly in my dream and the trees thereon, but I saw no person
+    in it. On the night of the murder the wind lay from that spot to my
+    house.'
+
+    "Rhoda Jessop, wife of the last witness, stated that her husband
+    related his dreams to her on the evening of the day the body was
+    found."
+
+In Mr. John Hill Burton's _Narratives from Criminal Trials in Scotland_, is
+a chapter entitled "Spectral and Dream Testimony," to which the above
+evidence will be a curious addition.
+
+C. H. COOPER.
+
+Cambridge.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+SHAKSPEARE CORRESPONDENCE.
+
+_"Priam's six-gated city," &c._--In the prologue to Troilus and Cressida
+occurs--
+
+ "    .    .    .    Priam's six-gated city,
+  Dardan and Tymbria, Ilias, Chetas, Trojan,
+  And Antenorides, with massy staples,
+  And corresponsive and fulfilling bolts."
+
+What struck me here was the omission of the only gate of Troy really known
+to fame, _the Scaean_, which looked on the tomb of the founder Laomedon;
+before which stood Hector, "full and fixed," awaiting the fatal onslaught
+of Achilles; where Achilles, in turn, received his death-wound from the
+shaft of Paris; and through which, finally, the wooden horse was
+triumphantly conveyed into the doomed city.
+
+The six names are shown to be taken by Shakspeare in part from Caxton, and
+in part from Lydgate: and in Knight's edition we are told that they are
+"pure inventions of the middle age of romance-writers."
+
+Let us examine this assertion. The names are to be found pretty nearly as
+above, but with one important difference, in Dares' _History of the Trojan
+War_. My authority is Ruaeus, the Delphine editor of Virgil (see his note at
+_AEn._ II. 612.). Now Dares (perhaps the oldest of the profane writers whom
+we know) was a Phrygian, who took part in the Trojan war, and wrote its
+history in Greek: and the Greek original was still extant in the time of
+AElian, from A.D. 80 to 140. Of this, now lost, a Latin translation still
+survives, by some attributed to Cornelius Nepos, and by some regarded as
+spurious; but, either way, its date must be long antecedent to "the middle
+age of romance-writers." It was doubtless from this Latin history that
+Caxton or Lydgate, or both, derived directly or indirectly the names they
+adopted; and yet it is to be noted that they give respectively the names of
+_Chetas_ and _Cetheas_ to one of their gates, and omit the well-known
+_Scaean_, which Dares expressly mentions; for I presume that no principle of
+philology will sanction the identification of _Scaean_ with either of the
+terms used by these two writers.
+
+I have trespassed somewhat on your space, but let me hope the subject may
+be farther elucidated. The points I wish to put forward are, Shakspeare's
+omission of the Scaean gate, and the proposition by Knight (for a
+proposition it is, though in a participular form), that these six names are
+"pure inventions of the middle age of romance-writers."
+
+W. T. M.
+
+Hong Kong.
+
+_On the Word "delighted" in "Measure for Measure," &c._ (Vol. viii., p.
+241.).--Inasmuch as the controversy respecting this word seems to be over,
+and no one of the critics and commentators on Shakspeare's text appears to
+have the slightest clue to the real meaning and derivation, I will
+enlighten them. But, first, I must say, I am surprised that DR. KENNEDY
+should (though he has certainly hit on the right meaning) be unable to give
+a better account of the word than that in Vol. ii., pp. 139. 250. And as to
+the passage quoted (Vol. ii., p. 200) by MR. SINGER from Sidney's
+_Arcadia_, I beg to inform him that the word _delight_, which occurs
+therein, is a misprint for _daylight_!
+
+We find, in the Latin, the substantive _deliciae_, delight, pleasure,
+enjoyment; and the adjective (derived from the same root, and _guiding us
+to the original meaning of the substantive_) _delicatus_, which amongst
+other meanings, has that of tender, soft, gentle, delicate, dainty.
+
+As the early English scholars were not very particular about the _form_ of
+the words they introduced from the Latin, or indeed of those which were
+purely English, for they changed them at their pleasure,--and that this is
+the case, I presume no one at all versed in the literature of the time of
+Henry VIII. will dispute,--it requires no great exertion of fancy to
+believe, that, finding {289} the substantive _deliciae_ Englished _delight_,
+they rendered the adjective _delicatus_ delighted. The _fact_ that they
+_did_ use the words _delight_ and _delicate_ as synonymous, is proved by a
+passage in "a boke named the _Gouernour_ deuised by Syr Thomas Elyot,
+Knyght, Londini, 1557;" in which, at folio 203., p. 1., we find Titus, the
+son of Vespasian, who was ordinarily termed "the delight of mankind,"
+called "the delicate of the world."
+
+We are therefore to conclude that the words _delicate_ and _delighted_ were
+used indifferently by writers of the age of Shakspeare, as well as by those
+previous to him, to express the same thing; and that by the phrase
+"delighted spirit" in _Measure for Measure_, "delighted beauty" in
+_Othello_, "delighted gifts" in _Cymbeline_, we are to understand,
+exquisitely tender, delicate, or precious.
+
+I cannot agree with DR. KENNEDY that _deliciae_, _delicatus_ come from
+_deligere_ rather than _delicere_; since, if my memory does not deceive me,
+the former is as often, if not oftener, used by good writers to express to
+drive away, to upset, to remove from, or detach--as to select or
+choose--which is the only meaning the word has akin to _deliciae_; whereas
+_delicere_ is actually used by one of the earlier Latin poets for to
+delight.
+
+The word _dainty_, I may inform DR. KENNEDY, is from the obsolete French
+_dein_ or _dain_, delicate; which probably came from the still older Teut.
+_deinin_, _minuta_ (vid. Schilter).
+
+H. C. K.
+
+---- Rectory, Hereford.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Minor Notes.
+
+_Epitaph from Stalbridge._--The following epitaph from the churchyard of
+Stalbridge, Dorsetshire, may perhaps be thought worthy of preservation, if
+it be not a hackneyed one:
+
+ "So fond, so young, so gentle, so sincere,
+  So loved, so early lost, may claim a tear:
+  Yet mourn not, if the life, resumed by heaven,
+  Was spent to ev'ry end for which 'twas given.
+  Could he too soon escape this world of sin?
+  Or could eternal life too soon begin?
+  Then cease his death too fondly to deplore,
+  What could the longest life have added more?"
+
+C. W. B.
+
+_Curious Extracts.--Dean Nowell--Bottled Beer._--I was somewhat hasty in
+assuming (see Vol. vii., p. 135.) that bottled beer was an unknown
+department in early times, as the following extract will show. It is from
+Fuller's _Worthies of England_, under "LANCASHIRE," the subject of the
+notice being no less a person than the grave divine Alexander Nowell, dean
+of St. Paul's, author of the Catechism, whose fondness for angling is also
+commemorated by Izaak Walton. Fuller, having noticed the narrow escape
+which Nowell had from arrest by some of Bishop Bonner's emissaries in Queen
+Mary's reign, having had a hint to fly whilst fishing in the Thames,
+"whilst Nowell was catching of fishes, Bonner was catching of Nowell,"
+proceeds to say,--
+
+    "Without offence it may be remembered that, leaving a bottle of ale,
+    when fishing, in the grass, he found it some days after no bottle, but
+    a gun, such the sound at the opening thereof: and this is believed
+    (casualty is the mother of more inventions than industry[1]) the
+    original of bottled ale in England."--Nuttall's edit., vol. ii. p. 205.
+
+BALLIOLENSIS.
+
+[Footnote 1: Fuller might have quoted the Greek proverb, [Greek: Tuche
+technes esterxe kai techne tuches.]]
+
+_A Collection of Sentences out of some of the Writings of the Lord Bacon_
+(i. 422. edit. Montagu), with the ensuing exceptions, is taken out of the
+_Essays_, and in regular order:
+
+No. 1. p. 33. of the same volume.
+
+No. 2. p. 21.
+
+No. 3. p. 5.
+
+No. 4. p. 8.
+
+No. 51. My reference is illegible: the words are,--"Men seem neither well
+to understand their riches nor their strength: of the former they believe
+greater things than they should; and of the latter, much less. And from
+hence, certain fatal pillars have bounded the progress of learning."
+
+No. 68. pp. 173. 272. 321.
+
+No. 69. p. 185.
+
+No. 70. p. 176.
+
+No. 71. Vol. vi., p. 172. The Charge of Owen, &c.
+
+Nos. 72, 73. Vol. vii., p. 261. The Speech before the Summer Circuits,
+1617.
+
+S. Z. Z. S.
+
+_Law and Usage._--In _The Times_ of September 1, the Turkish correspondent
+writes as follows:
+
+    "Mahmoud Pasha declared in the Divan of the 17th that 'he would divorce
+    his wife, but would not advise a dishonourable peace with Russia.' This
+    is an expression of the strongest kind in use amongst the Turks."
+
+It is worth a Note that, in spite of polygamy and divorce, a common proverb
+is monogamic, and divorce is spoken of as the greatest of unlikelihoods.
+
+M.
+
+_Manichaean Games._--Take any game played by two persons, such as draughts,
+and let the play be as follows: each plays his best for himself, and
+follows it by playing the worst he can for the other. Thus, when it is the
+turn of the white to play, he first plays the white as well as he can; and
+then the black as badly (for the other player) as he can. The black then
+does the best he can with the black, and follows it by the worst he can
+{290} do for the white. Of course, by separating the good and evil
+principles, four persons might play.
+
+M.
+
+_Bohn's Hoveden._--By way of expressing my sense of obligation to Mr. Bohn
+and his editors for the _Antiquarian Library_, perhaps you will suffer me
+to point out what appears to be an inaccuracy in the translation of Roger
+de Hoveden's _Annals_? At p. 123. of vol. ii., the word _Suuelle_ (as it
+appears to stand in the original text) is translated into _Swale_: but
+surely no other place is here meant than the church of St. Mary's at
+_Southwell_[2] (or _Suthwell_, _Sudwell_, _Suwell_, or _Suell_, as
+variously spelt, but never _Swale_), in Nottinghamshire.
+
+I would also notice a trifling error (perhaps only a misprint) at p. 125.;
+where we are informed in a note, that the Galilee of Durham Cathedral is at
+the _east_ end, whereas its real position is at the _west_.
+
+J. SANSOM.
+
+Oxford.
+
+[Footnote 2: The seal of the vicars of Southwell, ann. 1262, had in its
+circumference the words "Commune sigillum Vicariorum Suuell."--Vid.
+Thoroton's _Nottinghamshire, North Muskham_, ed. 1796, vol. iii. p. 156.]
+
+_Milton at Eyford House, Gloster._--In the British Museum (says Wilson in
+his description of Christ's College, Cambridge) is the original
+proclamation for Milton's appearance after the Restoration. Where was he
+secreted? I find this note in my book:--At Eyford House, Gloucestershire,
+within two miles of Stow-on-the-Wold, on the road to Cheltenham, a spring
+of beautiful water is called "Milton's Well," running into a tributary of
+the Thames. The old house, &c., at the time would be out of the way of
+common information.
+
+P. J.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Queries.
+
+EARL OF LEICESTER'S PORTRAIT, 1585.
+
+There is at Penshurst, among many other interesting memorials of the
+Dudleys, an original portrait of Elizabeth's Earl of Leicester, with the
+following painted upon it: "Robert, E. of Leicester, Stadtholder of
+Holland, A.D. 1585." After this comes the ragged staff, but without its
+usual accompaniment, the bear. Under the staff follow these enigmatical
+lines, which I request any of your correspondents to translate and explain.
+I send you a translation in rhyme; I should thank them the more if they
+would do the same: as to explanation, the longer the better.
+
+
+ "Principis hic Baculus, patriae columenque, decusque,
+  Hoc uno, ingratos quo beet, ipse miser."
+
+  This ragged staff by Leicester's potent hand,
+  Brought succour, safety, to this threaten'd land:
+  One thing alone embitters every thought,
+  He to ungrateful men these blessings brought.
+
+Now for a word of commentary: and first as to "Stadtholder of Holland, A.D.
+1585." The good woman who showed the picture informed us that it was
+painted by order of the stadtholder, and presented to Leicester; if so,
+there would have been a _jussu provinciarum foederatarum depictus_, or
+something of that sort; but no such compliment was to be expected from the
+Dutch, for they hated him, complained of his conduct, memorialised the
+queen against him: see the pamphlets in the British Museum, 4to. 1587, C.
+32. a. 2. But though it was most unlikely that the Dutch or their
+stadtholder should have presented this picture to Leicester, it well
+accorded with Leicester's vanity and presumption, and still more with that
+vanity and presumption as displayed in his conduct as commander-in-chief of
+the forces in Holland, to call himself _The Stadtholder_, and to order his
+painter to put that title under his portrait.
+
+The verses may now be referred to in support of this view of the subject.
+Leicester therein represents himself as unhappy, because he had bestowed
+blessings on the ungrateful Dutch.
+
+In conclusion, take the following full-length portrait of Leicester's
+indignation (_Leicester, a Belgis vituperatus, loquitur_):
+
+ "This ragged staff my resolution shows,
+  To save my Queen and Holland from their foes:
+  Still deeply seated in my heart remains
+  One cause, one fruitful cause, of all my pains;
+ 'Tis base ingratitude--'tis Holland's hate.
+  My presence sav'd that country, chang'd its fate.
+  But the base pedlars gain'd my sov'reign's ear,
+  And at my counsels and my courage sneer;
+  They call me tyrant, breaker of my word,
+  Fond of a warrior's garb without his sword.
+  A servile courtier, saucy cavalier,
+  Bold as a lion when no danger's near,
+  They say I seek their country for myself,
+  To fill my bursting bags with plunder'd pelf;
+  They say with goose's, not with eagle's wing,
+  I wish to soar, and make myself a king.
+  Dutchmen! to you I came, I saw, I sav'd:
+  Where'er my staff, my bear, my banner wav'd,
+  The daunted Spaniard fled without a blow,
+  And bloodless chaplets crown'd my conquering brow.
+  Dutchmen! with minds more stagnant than your pools,
+  (But in reproachful words more knaves than fools),
+  You will not see, nor own the debt you owe
+  To him who conquers a retreating foe.
+  Such base ingratitude as this alloys
+  My triumph's glory, and my bosom's joys."
+
+V. T.
+
+Tunbridge Wells.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+{291}
+
+EARLY USE OF TIN.
+
+Mr. Layard, in his work upon Nineveh and Babylon, in reference to the
+articles of bronze from Assyria now in the British Museum, states, that the
+_tin_ used in the composition was probably obtained from Phoenicia; and,
+consequently, that _that_ used in the Assyrian bronze may actually have
+been _exported_ nearly _three thousand_ years ago from the British Isles.
+
+The Assyrians appear to have made an extensive use of this metal; and the
+degree of perfection which the making of bronze had then reached, clearly
+shows that they must have been long experienced in the use of it. _They_
+appear to have received what they used from the Phoenicians. _When_ and _by
+whom_ was tin first discovered in our island? Were the _Celtic tribes_
+acquainted with it _previously_ to the arrival of the Phoenicians upon our
+shores?
+
+It is said that the Phoenicians were indebted to the Tyrian Hercules for
+their trade in tin; and that this island owed them its name of _Baratanac_,
+or Britain, the land of tin. Was the _Tyrian Hercules_, or, as he was
+afterwards known and worshipped, as the Melkart of Tyre, and the Moloch of
+the Bible, was _he_ the _merchant-leader_ of the first band of Phoenicians
+who visited this island? _When_ did _he_ live?
+
+G. W.
+
+Stansted, Montfichet.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ST. PATRICK--MAUNE AND MAN.
+
+Amongst the many strange derivations given of the name of Mona or Man (the
+island), I find one in an old unpublished MS. by an unknown author, of the
+date about 1658, noticed by Feltham (_Tour through the Isle of Man_, p.
+8.), on which I venture to ground a Query. The name of the island is there
+said to have been derived from Maune, the name of the great apostle of the
+Mann, before he received that of Patricius from Pope Celestine.
+
+Now if St. Patrick ever had the name Maune, he could not have given it to
+the island, which was called Mona, Monabia, and Menavia, as far back as the
+days of Caesar, Tacitus, and Pliny. I have not access to any life of St.
+Patrick in which the name Maune occurs; but in the _Penny Cyclopaedia_,
+under the head "Patrick," I find it said, "According to Nennius, St.
+Patrick's original name was Maur," and I find the same stated in Rose's
+_Biographical Dictionary_. But the article in the latter is evidently taken
+from the former, and I suspect the Mau_r_ may in both be a misprint for
+Mau_n_.[3] Can "N. & Q." set me right, or give me any information likely to
+solve the difficulty?
+
+I may as well notice here that amongst the many ways in which the name of
+this island has been pronounced and spelt, that of _Maun_ seems to have
+prevailed at the period of the Norwegian occupation. On a Runic monument at
+Kirk Michael, we have it very distinctly so spelt.
+
+With regard to the name Mona, applied both to Man and Anglesea, I have
+little doubt we may find its root in the Sanscrit _man_, to know, worship,
+&c., whence we have Manu the son of Brahma, Menu, Menes, Minos, Moonshee,
+and Monk. The name Mona would seem to have been applied to both islands, as
+being specially the habitation of the Druids, whose name probably came
+either from the Celtic _Trow-wys_, wisemen, or the Saxon _dru_, a
+soothsayer, very close in signification to the Sanscrit _mooni_, a holy
+sage, learned person. As connected with this idea I may ground another
+Query: Might not these two Monas, the abode of piety and wisdom, be the
+true, [Greek: makaron nesoi], the _Fortunatae Insulae_ of the ancients?
+
+J. G. CUMMING.
+
+Castletown.
+
+[Footnote 3: In _Monumenta Historica Britannica_ the passage reads "Quia
+_Maun_ prius vocabatur." In a note from another MS. the word is spelt
+_Mauun_.--ED.]
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+PASSAGE IN BINGHAM.
+
+MR. RICHARD BINGHAM, whose new and improved edition of his ancestor's works
+is now printing at the Oxford University Press, would feel sincerely
+obliged to any literary friend who should become instrumental in
+discovering the following passage from one of the sermons of Augustine:
+
+    "Non mirari debetis, fratres carissimi, quod inter ipsa mysteria de
+    mysteriis nihil diximus, quod non statim ea, quae tradidimus,
+    interpretati sumus. Adhibuimus enim tam sanctis rebus atque divinis
+    honorem silentii."
+
+Joseph Bingham (b. x. ch. v. s. 11.) cites those words as from "Serm. I.,
+inter 40. a Sirmondo editos," which corresponds with Serm. V. according to
+the Benedictine edition, Paris, 1689--1700, tom. v. p. 28.; but no such
+words occur in that sermon. The passage is daggered by Grishovius, who
+first gave the citations at length; neither has MR. R. BINGHAM hitherto
+been able to meet with it, though a great many similar desiderata in former
+editions he has discovered and corrected.
+
+An answer through "N. & Q." will oblige; still more so if sent direct to
+his present address, 57. Gloucester Place, Portman Square, London.
+
+MR. BINGHAM would also be glad to be informed where Athanasius uses the
+term [Greek: diakonos], generally for any minister of the church, whether
+deacon, presbyter, or bishop? Joseph Bingham (b. ii. ch. xx. s. 1.) cites
+the tract _Contra Gentes_, but the expression is not there.
+
+{292}
+
+The earlier a reply comes the more acceptable will it be.
+
+57. Gloucester Place, Portman Square.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Minor Queries.
+
+_"Terrae filius."_--When was the last "Terrae filius" spoken at Oxford; and
+what was the origin of the name?
+
+W. FRASER.
+
+Tor-Mohun.
+
+_Daughter pronounced Dafter._--In the Verney Papers lately printed by the
+Camden Society is a letter from a Mistress Wiseman, in which she spells
+_daughter_ "daftere." It is evident that she pronounced the _-augh_ as we
+do in laughter. Is this pronunciation known to prevail anywhere at the
+present day?
+
+C. W. G.
+
+_Administration of the Holy Communion._--Which side, _north_ or _south_, is
+the more correct for the priest to commence administering the Holy
+Sacrament of the Lord's Supper? Give the authority or reasons in support of
+your opinion. I cannot find any allusion in Hook's _Church Dictionary_, or
+in Wheatly's _Common Prayer_; and I have seen some clergymen begin one end,
+some the other.
+
+CLERICUS (A.).
+
+_Love Charm from a Foal's Forehead._--I have searched some time, but in
+vain, in order to find out what the _lump_ or _love charm_, taken out of a
+foal's forehead, was called. Virgil mentions it in _AEneid_, lib. iv. 515.,
+where Dido is preparing her funeral pile, &c.:
+
+ "Quaeritur et nascentis equi de fronte revulsus,
+  Et matri praereptus, _amor_."
+
+Tacitus also makes mention of it continually. I have no doubt but that
+through your interesting and learned columns I shall obtain an answer. It
+was not _philtrum_.
+
+H. P.
+
+_A Scrape._--What is the origin of the expression "Getting into a scrape?"
+
+Y. B. N. J.
+
+_"Plus occidit Gula," &c._--Can any of your correspondents direct me where
+the following passage is to be found?--
+
+ "Plus occidit gula, quam gladius."
+
+T.
+
+_Anecdote of Napoleon._--I remember to have heard of a young lady, one of
+the _detenus_ in France after the Peace of Amiens, having obtained her
+liberation through a very affecting copy of verses of her composition,
+which, by some means, came under the notice of Napoleon. The Emperor was so
+struck with the strain of this lament, that he forwarded passports, with an
+order for the immediate liberation of the fair writer. Can any of your
+correspondents verify this anecdote, and supply a copy of the verses?
+
+BALLIOLENSIS.
+
+_Canonisation in the Greek Church._--Does the Greek Church ever now
+canonise, or add the names of the saints to the Calendar?
+
+If so, by whom is the ceremony performed?
+
+ANTONY CLOSE.
+
+Woodhouse Eaves.
+
+_Binometrical Verses._--Who made the following verse?--
+
+ "Quando nigrescit nox, rem latro patrat atrox."
+
+It is either hexameter or pentameter, according to the scansion?
+
+C. MANSFIELD INGLEBY.
+
+Birmingham.
+
+_Dictionary of English Phrases._--Is there in English any good dictionary
+of phrases similar to the excellent _Frasologia Italiana_ of P. Daniele?
+
+G. K.
+
+_Lines on Woman._--W. V. will be glad to know if any of the correspondents
+of "N. & Q." can tell where the following lines are to be found?--
+
+ "Not she with traitrous kiss her master stung,
+  Not she denied him with unfaithful tongue;
+  _She_, when apostles fled, could danger brave,
+  Last at his cross, and earliest at his grave."
+
+_Collections for Poor Slaves._--I have met with the following memorandum in
+a parish register, and have seen notices of similar entries in others:
+
+    "1680. Collected for the redemption of poor slaves in Turkey, the sum
+    of 2s. 8d."
+
+Can you refer me to the king's letter authorising such collections to be
+made?
+
+W. S.
+
+Northiam.
+
+    [Some information upon this point will be found in "N. & Q.," Vol. i.,
+    p. 441.; Vol. ii., p 12.]
+
+_The Earl of Oxford and the Creation of Peers._--Where will be found the
+answer made by the Earl of Oxford when impeached in the reign of Queen Anne
+for creating in one day twelve peers?
+
+S. N.
+
+_"Like one who wakes," &c._--Can any of your readers supply the authorship
+and connexion of the following lines?--
+
+ "Like one who wakes from pleasant sleep,
+    Unto the cares of morning."
+
+C. W. B.
+
+_Bells at Berwick-upon-Tweed._--Can any one favour me with a parallel or
+similar case, in respect to bells, to what I recently met with at
+Berwick-upon-Tweed? The parish church, which is the only one in the town,
+and a mean structure of Cromwell's time, is without either tower or {293}
+bell; and the people are summoned to divine service from the belfry of the
+town-hall, which has a very respectable steeple. Indeed, so much more
+ecclesiastical in appearance is the town-hall than the Church, that (as I
+was told) a regiment of soldiers, on the first Sunday after their arrival
+at Berwick, marched to the former building for divine service, although the
+church stood opposite the barrack gate. My kind informant also told me that
+he found a strange clergyman one Sunday morning trying the town-hall door,
+and rating the absent sexton; having undertaken to preach a missionary
+sermon, and become involved in the same mistake as the soldiers.
+
+But more curious still was the news that there is a meeting-house in
+Berwick belonging to the anti-burghers, who are dissenters from the Church
+of Scotland, which has a bell, for the ringing of which, as a summons to
+worship, Barrington, Bishop of Durham, granted a licence, which still
+exists. I was not aware that bishops either had, or exercised, the power of
+licensing bells; but my informant will, I doubt not, on reading this,
+either verify or correct the statement. At the time when the bell was
+licensed, the congregation were in communion with the Church of Scotland.
+
+ALFRED GATTY.
+
+_The Keate Family, of the Hoo, Herts._--I shall be obliged to any of your
+readers for information respecting the _Sir Jonathan Keate, Bart._, of the
+Hoo, Hertfordshire, who was living in the year 1683; also for any
+particulars respecting his family? I especially desire to know what were
+his relations to the religious parties of the time, as I have in my
+possession the journal of a nonconformist minister, who was his domestic
+chaplain from 1683 to 1688.
+
+G. B. B.
+
+Cambridge.
+
+_Divining-rod._--Can any of the correspondents of "N. & Q." supply
+instances of the use of the divining-rod for finding water? I know several
+circumstances which might incline one, in these table-turning days, to
+inquire seriously whether there be any truth in the popular notion.
+
+G. W. SKYRING.
+
+_Medal and Relic of Mary Queen of Scots._--I have in my possession a medal,
+the size of a crown piece, of base metal, with perhaps some admixture of
+silver. On one side of this are the arms of Scotland with two thistles, and
+the legend--
+
+    MARIA ET HENRICUS DEI GRATIA R: ET R: SCOTORUM,
+
+and the reverse, a yew-tree with a motto of three words, of which the last
+seems to be VIRES, the date 1566, and the legend--
+
+    EXURGAT DEUS ET DISSIPANTUR INIMICI.
+
+Associated with this for a very considerable period has been a small wooden
+cross, which is said to have been made from the yew-tree under which Mary
+and Darnley had been accustomed to meet.
+
+I have been told that there is some farther tradition or superstition
+connected with these relics: if there be, I shall be glad to be informed of
+it, or of any other particulars concerning them.
+
+W. FRASER.
+
+Tor-Mohun.
+
+_Bulstrode's Portrait._--Prefixed to a copy in my possession of _Essays
+upon the following Subjects: 1. Generosity, &c._, by Whitelock Bulstrode,
+Esq., 8vo. Lond. 1724, there is a portrait of the author, bearing this note
+in MS.: "This scarce portrait has sold for 7l." It is engraved by Cole from
+a picture by Kneller, in oval with armorial bearings below, and is
+subscribed "Anno Salutis 1723, aetatis 72." I am at a loss to suppose it
+ever could have fetched the price assigned to my impression by its previous
+owner, and should feel obliged if any of your correspondents would state
+whether, from any peculiar circumstances, it may have become rare, and so
+acquired an adventitious value. It does not appear to have been known to
+Granger.
+
+While the two names are before me, I venture to inquire how the remarkable
+interchange occurred between that of _Whitelock Bulstrode_ the Essayist,
+and _Bulstrode Whitelock_ the Memorialist, of the parliamentary period. Was
+there any family connexion?
+
+BALLIOLENSIS.
+
+_The Assembly House, Kentish Town._--Can any of your antiquarian
+correspondents give me a clue as to the date, or probable date, of the
+erection of this well-known roadside public-house (I beg pardon, tavern),
+which is now being pulled down? I am desirous of obtaining some slight
+account of the old building, having just completed an etching, from a
+sketch taken as it appeared in its dismantled state. Possibly some
+anecdotes may be current regarding it. I learn from a rare little tome,
+entitled _Some Account of Kentish Town_, published at that place in 1821,
+and written, I believe, by a Mr. Elliot, that the Assembly House was
+formerly called the Black Bull. The writer of this Query asked "one of the
+oldest inhabitants," who was seated on a door-step opposite the house,
+_his_ opinion concerning its age: considering a little, the old gentleman
+seriously said he thought it might be two or three _thousand_ years at
+least! This opinion I am afraid to accept as correct, and I would therefore
+seek, through the medium of "N. & Q.," some information which may be more
+depended upon.
+
+W. B. R.
+
+Camden New Town.
+
+_Letters respecting Hougomont._--Could any reader of "N. & Q." kindly
+furnish the undersigned with certain Letters, which have recently {294}
+appeared in _The Times_, on "The Defence of Hougomont?" Such letters,
+extracted, would be of much service to him, as they are wanted for a
+specific purpose. The letters from Saturday, Sept. 10, _inclusive_, are
+_already_ obtained: but the letters on the subject previous to that date
+are wanting, and would greatly favour, if it were possible to have them,
+
+ARAN.
+
+Swillington.
+
+_Peter Lombard._--Mr. Hallam, in his _Literature of Europe_ (vol. i. p.
+128.), says, on the authority of Meiners (vol. iii. p. 11.):
+
+    "Peter Lombard, in his _Liber Sententiarum_, the systematic basis of
+    scholastic theology, introduces _many_ Greek words, and explains them
+    rightly."
+
+Having, however, examined this work for the purpose of ascertaining Peter
+Lombard's knowledge of Greek, I must, out of regard to strict truth, deny
+the statement of Meiners; for only one Greek word in Greek letters is to be
+found in the _Liber Sententiarum_, and that is [Greek: metanoia]: and so
+far frown Peter explaining this word rightly, he says, 'Poenitentia dicitur
+a puniendo" (lib. IV. dist. xiv.); an etymological notion which caused
+Luther to think wrongly of the nature of repentance, till he learnt the
+meaning of the Greek word, which he received with joy as the solution of
+one of his greatest difficulties in Romanism. I do not consider the
+introduction of such Latinized church words as _ecclesia_, _episcopus_,
+_presbyter_, or even _homoousius_, as evincing any knowledge of Greek on
+the part of Peter Lombard, wherein he appears to have been lamentably
+deficient, as the great teacher and authority for centuries in Christian
+dogmatics. Your correspondents will greatly oblige me by showing anything
+to the contrary of my charge against Peter Lombard of being ignorant of
+Greek.
+
+T. J. BUCKTON.
+
+Birmingham.
+
+_Life of Savigny._--Is there in French or English any life or memoir of
+Savigny?
+
+C. H.
+
+_Picture by Hogarth._--Some years since a gentleman purchased at Bath the
+first sketch of a picture said to be by Hogarth, of "Fortune distributing
+her favours." Shortly afterwards a gentleman called on the purchaser of it,
+and mentioned to him that he knew the finished painting, and that it was in
+the panelling of some house with which he was acquainted.
+
+I am desirous of finding out for the family of the purchaser, who died
+recently, 1st, whether there is any history that can be attached to this
+picture and 2ndly, to discover, if possible, in whose possession, and
+where, the finished painting is preserved.
+
+J. K. R. W.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Minor Queries with Answers.
+
+_Glossarial Queries._--In a Subsidy Roll of 25 Edward I., in an enumeration
+of property in the parish of Skirbeck, near Boston, Lincolnshire, upon
+which a _ninth_ was granted to the king, I find the following articles and
+their respective value. What were they?--
+
+ "3 alece, 18s.
+  1 bacell cum arment. 15s."
+
+In the taxation of _Leake_ I find--
+
+ "9 hocast[=r]. 6s."
+
+In that of _Leverton_--
+
+ "4 hocast[=r]. 4s."
+
+In _Butterwick_--
+
+ "1 pull. 12d."
+
+In _Wrangle_--
+
+ "1 stag[=g]. 2s."
+
+PISHEY THOMPSON.
+
+Stoke Newington.
+
+    [It is very desirable that in all cases Querists desirous of
+    explanations of words, phrases, or passages, should give the context.
+
+    3 _Alece_, were it not for the price, one would render "herrings;" but
+    the price, 18s., forbids such interpretation. Perhaps _alece_ is a
+    misreading for _vacce_, cows; which might well occur in a carelessly
+    written roll temp. Edward I.
+
+    1 _bacell cum arme[=n]t_. is 1 _bacellus cum armamentis_, one ass (or
+    pack-horse) with its furniture.
+
+    9 _hocast[=r]_. is 9 _pigs_. "Hogaster, porcellus."--Du Cange.
+
+    1 _pull_. (i.e. _pullulus_), 1 colt.
+
+    1 _stag[=g]_., a yearling ox.]
+
+_Military Knights of Windsor._--I shall feel obliged to any of your
+correspondents who will furnish some account, or refer me to any work in
+which notices may be found of this foundation, its statutes, mode of
+appointment, endowments, &c.? Up to the reign of William IV. they were
+known, I believe, as Poor Knights of Windsor.
+
+Y. B. N. J.
+
+    [Consult Ashmole's _History of the Order of the Garter_, pp. 99-104.,
+    edit. 1715. Among the Birch and Sloane MSS. in the British Museum are
+    the following articles: No. 4845. Statutes for the Poor Knights of
+    Windsor, 1 Eliz. Orders and rules for the establishment and good
+    government of the said thirteen poor knights. The Queen's Majestie's
+    ordinances for the continual charges. No. 4847. Articles of complaint
+    exhibited by the Poor Knights (to the Knights of the Garter) against
+    the Dean and Canons. The Dean and Canons' answer to the Poor Knights'
+    second replication. The complaint of the Poor Knights to King Richard
+    II. A petition of the Poor Knights to the king and parliament for a
+    repeal of the act of incorporation, A. 22 Edw. IV. The petition of the
+    Poor Knights of Windsor to George II., Jan. 28, 1735. This petition was
+    drawn up by Mr. Fortescue, {295} afterwards Master of the Rolls. The
+    Poor Knights' rejoinder to their former petition. The memorial of the
+    Poor Knights to John Willes, Esq., Attorney-General. Another petition
+    to J. Willes, Esq. Copy of an indenture between Queen Elizabeth and the
+    Dean and Chapter of Lands, to the value of 600l. a year and upwards,
+    for the maintenance of the Poor Knights, 1 Eliz. Orders and rules for
+    the establishment and good government of the said thirteen Poor
+    Knights. The case of the Poor Knights (printed), with several other
+    papers relating to them.]
+
+_"Elijah's Mantle."_--Who was the author of _Elijah's Mantle_? And are
+there any grounds for ascribing it to Canning?
+
+W. FRASER.
+
+Tor-Mohun.
+
+    [This poem was attributed to Canning, as noticed by Mr. Bell, in his
+    _Life of George Canning_, p. 206. He says, "Mr. Canning's reputation
+    was again put into requisition as sponsor for certain verses that
+    appeared at this time in the public journals. The best of these is a
+    piece called _Elijah's Mantle_."]
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Replies.
+
+MILTON AND MALATESTI.
+
+(Vol. ii., p. 146.; Vol. viii., p. 237.)
+
+When I gave some account of _La Tina_ of Antonio Malatesti, and its
+dedication to Milton, two years since, I was not aware that it had been
+printed, as I had no other edition of Gamba's _Serie dell' Edizioni de'
+Testi di Lingua_, than the first printed in 1812. That account was derived
+from the original MS. which formerly passed through my hands. I fear that
+my friend MR. BOLTON CORNEY will be disappointed if he should meet with a
+copy of the printed book, for the MS. contained no other dedication than
+the inscription on the title-page, of which I made a tracing. It represents
+an inscribed stone tablet, in the following arrangement:
+
+         "LA
+  Tina Equiuoci Rusticali
+  di Antonio Malatesti c[=o]-
+    posti nella sua Villa di
+  Taiano il Settembre dell'
+      L'Anno, 1637.
+
+  Sonetti Ciquanta
+  Dedicati all' Ill^{mo} Signore
+  Et Padrone Oss^{mo} Il Signor'
+  Giouanni Milton Nobil'
+        Inghilese."
+
+I copied at the time eight of these equivocal sonnets, and in my former
+notice gave one as a specimen. They are certainly very ingenious, and may
+be "graziosissimi" to an Italian ear and imagination; but I cannot think
+that the pure mind of Milton would take much delight in obscene allusions,
+however neatly wrapped up.
+
+Milton seems to have dwelt with pleasure on his intercourse with these
+witty, ingenious, and learned men, during his two-months' sojourn at
+Florence; and it is remarkable that Nicolas Heinsius has spoken of the same
+men, in much the same terms, in his dedication to Carlo Dati of the second
+book of his _Italici Componimenti_:
+
+    "Sanctum mehercules habebo semper Jo. Bapt. Donij memoriam, non tam suo
+    nomine (et si hoc quoque) aut quod Frescobaldos, Cavalcantes, Gaddios,
+    Cultellinos, alios urbis vestrae viros precipuos mihi conciliarit,
+    quorum amicitiam feci hactenus, et faciam porro maximi, quam quod tibi
+    me conjunxerit, mi Date; cujus opera in notitiam, ac familiaritatem
+    plurimorum apud vos hominum eximiorum mox irreperem."
+
+And, after mentioning others, he adds:
+
+    "Quid de Valerio Chimentellio, homine omni literatura perpolita, dicam?
+    Quid de Joanne Pricaeo? qui ingens civitati vestrae ornamentum ex ultima
+    nuper accessit Britannia."
+
+One feels some decree of disappointment at not meeting here with the name
+of Milton.
+
+Of the distinguished men mentioned by Milton, some interesting notices
+occur in that curious little volume, the _Bibliotheca Aprosiana_. Benedetto
+Buommattei and Carlo Dati are well known from their important labours; and
+of the others there are scattered notices in _Rilli Notizie degli Uomini
+Illustre Fiorentine_, and in _Salvini Fasti Consolari dell' Accademia
+Fiorentina_. I have an interesting little volume of Latin verses by Jacopo
+Gaddi, with the following title _Poetica Jacobi Gaddii Corona e Selectis
+Poematiis, Notis Allegoriis contexta_, Bononiae, 1637, 4to.
+
+There is a good deal of ingenious and pleasing burlesque poetry extant by
+Antonio Malatesti. I have before mentioned his _Sphinx_: of this I have a
+dateless edition, apparently printed about the middle of the last century
+at Florence: the title is _La Sfinge Enimmi del Signor Antonio Malatesti_.
+Commendatory verses are prefixed by Chimentelli, Coltellini, and Galileo
+Galilei. The last, from the celebrity of the writer, may deserve the small
+space it will occupy in your pages. It is itself an enigma:
+
+     "DEL SIGNOR GALILEO GALILEI
+              SONETTO.
+  Mostro son' io piu strano, e piu difforme,
+  Che l'Arpia, la Sirena, o la Chimera;
+  Ne in terra, in aria, in acqua e alcuna fiera,
+  Ch' abbia di membra cosi varie forme.
+  Parte a parte non ho che sia conforme,
+  Piu che s' una sia bianca, e l' altra nera;
+  Spesso di Cacciator dietro ho una schiera,
+  Che de' miei pie van ritracciando l' orme.
+  Nelle tenebre oscure e il mio soggiorno;
+  Che se dall' ombre al chiaro lume passo,
+  Tosto l' alma da me sen fugge, come
+  Sen fugge il sogno all' apparir del giorno,
+  E le mie membra disunito lasso,
+  E l' esser perdo con la vita, e l nome."
+
+{296}
+
+Three more sonnets by this illustrious man are printed by Salvini in his
+_Fasti_, of which he says:
+
+    "I quali esendo parto di si gran mente, mi concedera la gloria il
+    benigno lettore, che io, ad honore della Toscana Poesia, gli esponga il
+    primo alla publica luce."
+
+Dr. Fellowes was not singular in confounding Dati and Deodati; it has been
+done by Fenton and others: but that Dr. Symmons, in his _Life of Milton_
+(p. 133.), should transform _La Tina_ into a _wine-press_, is ludicrously
+amusing. _La Tina_ is the rustic mistress to whom the sonnets are supposed
+to be addressed; and every one knows that _rusticale_ and _contadinesca_ is
+that naive and pleasing rustic style in which the Florentine poets
+delighted, from the expressive nature of the patois of the Tuscan
+peasantry; and it might have been said of Malatesti's sonnets, as of
+another rustic poet:
+
+ "Ipsa Venus laetos jam nunc migravit in agros
+    Verbaque Aratoris Rustica discit Amor."
+
+I may just remark that the _Clementillo_ of Milton should not be rendered
+_Clementini_, but _Chimentelli_. As Rolli tells us,--
+
+    "Clementillus fu quel Dottore _Valerio Chimentelli_ di cui leggesi una
+    vaghissima Cicalata nel sesto volume delle Prose Fiorentine."
+
+S. W. SINGER.
+
+Mickleham.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ATTAINMENT OF MAJORITY.
+
+(Vol. viii., pp. 198. 250.)
+
+I greatly regret that there should be anything in the matter or manner of
+my Query on this subject to induce MR. DE MORGAN to reply to it more as if
+repelling an offence, than assisting in the investigation of an interesting
+question on a subject with which he is supposed to be especially
+conversant. I can assure him that I had no other object in writing _ninth_
+numerically instead of literally, or in omitting the words he has restored
+in brackets, or in italicising two words to which I wished my question more
+particularly to refer, than that of economising space and avoiding needless
+repetition; and in the use of the word "usage" rather than "law," of which
+he also complains, I was perhaps unduly influenced by the title of his own
+treatise, from which I was quoting. But however I may have erred from exact
+quotation, it is manifest I did not misunderstand the sense of the passage,
+since MR. DE MORGAN now repeats its substance in these words,--
+
+    "I cannot make out that the law ever recognised a day of twenty-four
+    hours, beginning at any hour except midnight."
+
+This is clearly at direct issue with Ben Jonson, whose introduced phrases,
+"pleaded nonage," "wardship," "pupillage," &c., seem to smack too much of
+legal technology to countenance the supposition of poetic license.
+
+But had I not accidentally met with an interesting confirmation of Ben
+Jonson's law of usage, or usage of law, I should not have put forth my
+Query at all, nor presumed to address it to PROFESSOR DE MORGAN; my
+principal reason for so doing being that the interest attaching to
+discovered evidence of a forgotten usage in legal reckoning, must of course
+be increased tenfold if it should appear to have been unknown to a
+gentleman of such deep and acknowledged research into that and kindred
+subjects.
+
+In a black-letter octavo entitled _A Concordancie of Yeares_, published in
+and for the year 1615, and therefore about the very time when Ben Jonson
+was writing, I find the following in chap. xiii.:
+
+    "The day is of two sorts, natural and artificiall: the natural day is
+    the space of 24 hours, in which time the sunne is carried by the first
+    Mover, from the east into the west, and so round about the world into
+    the east againe."
+
+    "The artificiall day continues from sunne-rising to sunne-setting: and
+    the artificiall night is from the sunne's setting to his rising. And
+    you must note that this natural day, according to divers, hath divers
+    beginnings: As the Romanes count it from mid-night to mid-night,
+    because at that time our Lorde was borne, being Sunday; and so do we
+    account it for fasting dayes. The Arabians begin their day at noone,
+    and end at noone the next day; for because they say the sunne was made
+    in the meridian; and so do all astronomers account the day, because it
+    alwayes falleth at one certaine time. The Umbrians, the Tuscans, the
+    Jewes, the Athenians, Italians, and Egyptians, do begin their day at
+    sunne-set, and so do we celebrate festivall dayes. The Babylonians,
+    Persians, and Bohemians begin their day at sunne-rising, holding till
+    sunne-setting; _and so do our lawyers count it in England_."
+
+Here, at least, there can be no supposition of dramatic fiction; the book
+from which I have made this extract was written by Arthur Hopton, a
+distinguished mathematician, a scholar of Oxford, a student in the Temple;
+and the volume itself is dedicated to "The Right Honourable Sir Edward
+Coke, Knight, Lord Chiefe Justice of England," &c.
+
+A. E. B.
+
+Leeds, Sept. 10.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+JOHN FREWEN.
+
+(Vol. viii., p. 222.)
+
+He is supposed to have been the son of Richard Frewen, of Earl's Court in
+Worcestershire, and was born either at that place or in its immediate
+vicinity in the early part of the year 1558. Richard Frewen purchased the
+presentation to Northiam rectory, in Sussex, of Viscount Montague, and
+presented John Frewen to it in Nov. 1583; and {297} he continued to hold
+that living till his death, which took place at the end of April, 1628. He
+was buried in the chancel of his own church, May 2nd; and a plain stone on
+the floor, with an inscription, marks the place of his interment. He was a
+learned and pious Puritan divine, and wrote:
+
+    1. "Certaine Fruitfull Instructions and necessary Doctrine meete to
+    edify in the feare of God." 1587, 18mo.
+
+    2. "Certaine Fruitfull Instructions for the generall Cause of
+    Reformation against the Slanders of the Pope and League, &c." 1589,
+    small 4to.
+
+3. He edited and wrote the preface to--
+
+    "A Courteous Conference with the English Catholickes Romane, about the
+    Six Articles administered unto the Seminarie Priestes, wherein it is
+    apparently proved by theire own divinitie, and the principles of their
+    owne religion, that the Pope cannot depose her Majestie, or release her
+    subjects of their alleageance unto her, &c.; written by John Bishop, a
+    recusant Papist." 1598. Small 4to.
+
+    4. "Certaine Sermons on the 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 verses of the
+    Eleventh chapter of S. Paule his Epistle to the Romanes." 1612, 12mo.
+
+    5. "Certaine choise Grounds and Principles of our Christian Religion."
+    1621, 12mo.
+
+6. A large unpublished work in MS. entitled "Grounds and Principles of
+Christian Religion," left unfinished (probably age and infirmity prevented
+him from completing it): it consisted of seven books, of which two only
+(the fourth and fifth, of 95 and 98 folio pages respectively) have been
+preserved.
+
+John Frewen had three wives, and by each of the first two several children,
+of whom the following lived to grow up, viz. by Eleanor his first wife,
+(1.) Accepted Frewen, Archbp. of York; (2.) Thankful F., Purse Bearer and
+Secretary of Petitions to Lord Keeper Coventry; (3.) John F., Rector of
+Northiam; (4.) Stephen F., Alderman of the Vintry Ward, London; (5.) Mary,
+wife of John Bigg of Newcastle-upon-Tyne; (6.) Joseph F. By his second
+wife, Helen, daughter of ---- Hunt, J. F. had (7.) Benjamin, Citizen of
+London; (8.) Thomas F.; (9.) Samuel, Joseph, Thomas, and Samuel joined
+Cromwell's army for invading Ireland; and one of them (Captain Frewen) fell
+at the storming of Kilkenny; another of them died at Limerick of the
+plague, which carried off General Freton; the other (Thomas) founded a
+family at Castle Connel, near Limerick.
+
+John Frewen's _Sermons_ in 1612 are in some respects rare; but the
+following copies are extant, viz. one in the Bodleian at Oxford; one in the
+University Library at Cambridge; one in possession of Mr. Frewen at
+Brickwall, Northiam; and one sold by Kerslake of Bristol, for 7s. 6d., to
+the Rev. John Frewen Moor, of Bradfield, Berks.
+
+If R. C. WARDE, of Kidderminster, has a copy which he would dispose of, he
+may communicate with T. F., Post-office, Northiam, who would be glad to
+purchase it.
+
+J. F.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"VOIDING KNIFE," "VOIDER," AND "ALMS-BASKET."
+
+(Vol. vi., pp. 150. 280.; Vol. viii., p. 232.)
+
+In later times (the sixteenth century) the good old custom of placing an
+_alms-dish_ on the table was discontinued, and with less charitable
+intentions came the less refined custom of removing the broken victuals
+after a meal by means of a _voiding-knife_ and _voider_: the latter was a
+basket into which were swept by a large wand, usually of wood, or
+_voiding-knife_, as it was termed, all the bones and scraps left upon the
+trenchers or scattered about the table. Thus, in the old plays, _Lingua_,
+Act V. Sc. 13.: "Enter Gustus with a _voiding-knife_;" and in _A Woman
+killed with Kindness_, "Enter three or four serving men, one with a
+_voider_ and _wooden knife_ to take away."
+
+The voider was still sometimes called the _alms-basket_, and had its
+charitable uses in great and rich men's houses: one of which was to supply
+those confined in gaols for debt, and such prisoners as had no means to
+purchase any food.
+
+In Green's _Tu Quoque_, a spendthrift is cast into prison; the jailer says
+to him:
+
+    "If you have no money, you had best remove into some cheaper ward; to
+    the twopenny ward, it is likeliest to hold out with your means; or, if
+    you will, you may go into the _hole_, and there you may feed for
+    nothing."
+
+To which he replies:
+
+    "Ay, out of the _alms-basket_, where charity appears in likeness of a
+    piece of stinking fish."
+
+Even this poor allowance to the distressed prisoners passed through several
+ordeals before it came to them; and the best and most wholesome portions
+were filched from the _alms-basket_, and sold by the jailers at a low price
+to people out of the prison. In the same play it is related of a miser,
+that--
+
+    "He never saw a joint of mutton in his own house these four-and-twenty
+    years, but always cozened the poor prisoners, for he brought his
+    victuals out of the _alms-basket_."
+
+In the ordinances of Charles II. (_Ord. and Reg. Soc. Ant._ 367.), it is
+commanded--
+
+    "That no gentleman whatsoever shall send away my meat or wine from the
+    table, or out of the chamber, upon any pretence whatsoever; and that
+    the gentlemen-ushers take particular care herein, that all the meate
+    that is taken off the table upon trencher-plates be put into a basket
+    for the poore, and not undecently eaten by any servant in the roome;
+    and if any person shall presume to do otherwise, he shall be prohibited
+    {298} immediately to remaine in the chamber, or to come there again,
+    until further order."
+
+The _alms-basket_ was also called a _maund_, and those who partook of its
+contents _maunders_.
+
+W. CHAFFERS.
+
+Old Bond Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+THE LETTER "H" IN HUMBLE.
+
+(Vol. viii., p. 229.)
+
+The recent attempt to introduce a mispronunciation of the word _humble_
+should be resisted by every one who has learned the plain and simple rule
+of grammar, that "_a_ becomes _an_ before a vowel or a silent _h_." That
+the rule obtained a considerable time ago, we have only to look into the
+Book of Common Prayer to prove, where the congregation are exhorted to come
+"with an humble, lowly, penitent, and obedient heart," and I believe it
+will be admitted that the compilers of that work fully understood the right
+pronunciation.
+
+It may assist to settle the question by giving the etymology of the word
+_humble_. It is derived from the Celtic _uim_, the ground, Latin _humus_.
+_Umal_ in Celtic is humble, lowly, obedient; and the word signifies the
+bending of the mind or disposition, just as a man would kneel or become
+prostrate before a superior.
+
+FRAS. CROSSLEY.
+
+In the course of a somewhat long life I have resided in the North of
+England, in the West, and in London, upwards of twenty years each, and my
+experience is directly the reverse of that of MR. DAWSON. I have very
+rarely heard the _h_ omitted in _humble_, and when I have heard it, always
+considered a vulgarity. The _u_ at the beginning of a word is always
+aspirated. I believe the only words in which the initial _h_ is not
+pronounced are derived from the Latin. If that were the general rule,
+which, however, it is not, as in _habit_, _herb_, &c., still, where _h_
+precedes _u_, it would be pronounced according to the universal rule for
+the aspiration of _u_.
+
+E. H.
+
+_The letter "h" to be passed unsounded in those words which are of Latin
+origin._--Try it:
+
+ "Ha! 'tis a horrible hallucination
+  To grudge our hymns their halcyon harmonies,
+  When in just homage our rapt voices rise
+  To celebrate our heroes in meet fashion;
+  Whose hosts each heritage and habitation,
+  Within these realms of hospitable joy,
+  Protect securely 'gainst humiliation,
+  When hostile foes, like harpies, would annoy.
+  Habituated to the sound of _h_
+  In history and histrionic art,
+  We deem the man a homicide of speech,
+  Maiming humanity in a vital part,
+  Whose humorous hilarity would treat us,
+  In lieu of _h_, with a supposed hiatus."
+
+* *.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+SCHOOL LIBRARIES.
+
+(Vol. viii., p. 220.)
+
+I have great pleasure in removing from the mind of your correspondent an
+erroneous impression which must materially affect his good opinion of a
+school to which I am sincerely attached. He asks if in any of the public
+schools there are libraries of books giving general information accessible
+to the scholars. Now my information only refers to one, that of Eton. There
+is a library at Eton consisting of some thousand volumes, filled with books
+of all kinds, ancient and modern, valuable and valueless. It is open to the
+150 first in the school on payment of eighteen shillings per annum, and on
+their refusal the option of becoming subscribers descends to the next in
+gradation. The list, however, is never full. The money collected goes to
+the support of a librarian, and to buy pens, ink, and paper, and the
+surplus (necessarily small) to the purchase of books. The basis of the
+library is the set of Delphin classics, presented by George I. The late
+head master (now provost) has been a most munificent contributor; Prince
+Albert has also presented several valuable volumes. Whenever the Prince has
+come to Eton he has always visited the library, and taken great interest in
+its welfare; and on his last visit said to the provost that he should be
+quite ready and willing to obey the call whenever he was asked to lay the
+first stone of a museum in connexion with the library.
+
+ETONENSIS.
+
+The free grammar school at Macclesfield, Cheshire, has always had a
+library. It _did_ contain some rare volumes of the olden time; it was at
+various times more or less supported by a small payment from the scholars.
+Some years since Mr. Osborn, the then head master, solicited subscriptions
+from former pupils, and with some success. Of the present state of the
+school library I know nothing.
+
+EDWARD HAWKINS.
+
+At Winchester there are libraries for the commoners and scholars containing
+books for general reading: they are under the several charge of the
+commoner-prefects and the prefect of library, who lend them on application
+to the juniors.
+
+MACKENZIE WALCOTT, M.A.
+
+Christ's Hospital has a library such as inquired after by MR. WELD TAYLOR.
+The late Mr. Thackeray, of the Priory, Lewisham (who died about two years
+ago), bequeathed to this school his valuable library of books on general
+literature for the use of the boys. Previously to this bequest the
+collection of books was small.
+
+N.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+{299}
+
+DR. JOHN TAYLOR.
+
+(Vol. i., p. 466.)
+
+My attention has been caught by some remarks in the early volumes of your
+work upon my learned ancestor Dr. John Taylor, minister at Norwich, and
+subsequently divinity tutor at Warrington. Whatever opinion may have been
+attributed to Dr. Parr concerning Dr. Taylor, this I know, that on
+revisiting Norwich he desired my father (the Dr.'s grandson) to show him
+the house inhabited by him while he was the minister of the Octagon Chapel.
+
+Dr. Parr looked serious and solemn, and in his usual energetic manner
+pronounced, "He was a _great_ scholar."
+
+Dr. John Taylor was buried at Kirkstead[4], Lancashire, where his tomb is
+distinguished by the following simple inscription:
+
+        "Near to this place lies interr'd
+                 what was mortal of
+                 IOHN TAYLOR, D.D.
+
+                      Reader,
+        Expect no eulogium from this Stone.
+          Enquire amongst the friends of
+          LEARNING, LIBERTY, AND TRUTH;
+            These will do him justice.
+      Whilst taking his natural rest, he fell
+      asleep in JESUS, the 5th of March, 1761,
+                   Aged 66."
+
+The following inscription, in Latin, was composed by Dr. Parr for a
+monumental stone erected by grandchildren and great-grandchildren in the
+Octagon Chapel, Norwich:
+
+             "Joanni Taylor, S.T.P.
+                  Langovici nato
+          Albi ostii in agro Cumbriensi
+            bonis disciplinis instituto
+                      Norvici
+  Ad exequendum munus pastoris delecto A.D. 1733.
+             Rigoduni quo in oppido
+         Senex quotidie aliquid addiscens
+    Theologiam et philosophiam moralem docuit
+                     Mortuo
+                 Tert. non. Mart.
+               Anno Domini MDCCLXI.
+                    AEtat. LXVI.
+             Viro integro innocenti pio
+      Scriptori Graecis et Hebraicis litteris
+                   probe erudito
+          Verbi divini gravissimo interpreti
+         Religionis simplicis et incorruptae
+              Acerrimo propugnatori
+            Nepotes ejus et pronepotes
+                In hac Capella
+        Cujus ille fundamenta olim jecerat
+          Monumentum hocce honorarium
+               Poni curaverunt."
+
+S. R.
+
+[Footnote 4: His first appointment, as minister of the Gospel, was at
+Kirkstead Chapel.]
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+PORTRAIT OF SIR ANTHONY WINGFIELD.
+
+(Vol. viii., p. 245.)
+
+It is most likely that Q., who inquired relative to a picture of Sir
+Anthony Wingfield, may occasionally meet with an engraving of this worthy,
+though the depository of the original portrait is unknown. The tale told
+Horace Walpole by the housekeeper at the house of the Nauntons at
+Letheringham, Suffolk, is not correct. Sir Anthony was a favourite of the
+monarch, and was knighted by him for his brave conduct at Terouenne and
+Tournay. A private plate of Sir Anthony exists, the original portrait from
+which it was taken being at Letheringham at the time the engraving was
+made. The position of the hand in the girdle only indicates the fashion of
+portraiture at the time, and is akin to the frequent custom of placing one
+arm a-kimbo in modern paintings.
+
+The Query of your correspondent opens a tale of despoliation perhaps
+unparalleled even in the days of iconoclastic fury, and but very
+imperfectly known.
+
+The estate of Letheringham devolved, about the middle of the last century,
+upon William Leman, Esq., who, being obliged to maintain his right against
+claimants stating they descended from a branch of the Naunton family who
+had migrated into Normandy at the end of the preceding century, was placed
+in a position of considerable difficulty to defend his occupation of the
+house and lands. I will not say by whom, but in 1770 down came the
+residence in which the author of the well-known _Fragmenta Regalia_ had
+resided, and, what is far worse, the Priory Church, which, after the
+Dissolution, was made parochial, and which was filled with tombs, effigies,
+and brasses to members of the family--Bovilles, Wingfields, and
+Nauntons--was also levelled with the ground. It was stated at the time that
+the sacred edifice had only become dilapidated from age, and that the
+parishioners were therefore obliged to do something. What _was done_,
+however, was no re-edification of the fabric, but its entire destruction,
+and the erection of a new church. Fortunately, Horace Walpole saw the
+edifice before the contractor for the new building had cast his "desiring
+eyes" upon it, and has recorded his impressions in one of his letters. More
+fortunate still, the late Mr. Gough and Mr. Nichols visited it, and the
+former employed the well-known topographical draughtsman, the late James
+Johnson of Woodbridge, Suffolk, to copy some of the effigies, which were
+afterwards engraved and inserted in the second volume of the _Sepulchral
+Monuments_. The zeal of Johnson, however, led him to preserve, by his
+minute delineation, not only _every_ monument (only two, I think, are given
+by Gough), but also the interior and exterior of the church, with the {300}
+position of the tombs. The interior view may be seen among Craven Ord's
+drawings in the library of the British Museum; and I am happy to say I
+possess Johnson's original sketches of all the monuments, and of the
+exterior of the building. A fair idea of the extent of the destruction may
+be gained by the mention of the fact, that six hundred-weight of alabaster
+effigies were beaten into powder, and sold to line water-cisterns. Some of
+the figures were rescued by the late Dr. W. Clubbe, and erected into a
+pyramid in his garden at Brandeston Vicarage, with this inscription:
+
+    "_Fuimus._ Indignant Reader, these monumental remains are not (as thou
+    mayest suppose) the ruins of Time, but were destroyed in an irruption
+    of the Goths so late in the Christian era as the year 1789. _Credite
+    posteri._"
+
+JOHN WODDERSPOON.
+
+Norwich.
+
+William Naunton, son and heir of Thomas Naunton (temp. Hen. VII.), and
+Margery, daughter and heiress of Richard Busiarde, married Elizabeth,
+daughter of Sir Anthony Wingfield. Their only child, Henry Naunton, was the
+father of two sons, viz. Robert the _secretary_ (temp. James I.), whose son
+died unmarried, and daughter, married to Paul Viscount Bayning, died
+without issue; and William Naunton (fil. 2^s). His son and heir, who
+married a Coke, had one daughter, Theophila, married to William Leman
+(ancestor of the family whose great estates are in search of an owner):
+their only issue, Theophila, married Thomas Rede, who thereby became
+possessed of Letheringham in Suffolk, and the whole of the Naunton
+property. His estates went to his son Robert, who, dying without issue in
+1822, left them much diminished to his nephew, the Rev. Robert Rede Cooper,
+second son of the Rev. Samuel Lovick Cooper and Sarah Leman, youngest
+daughter, and eventually heiress, of the above Thomas Rede. The Rev. Robert
+Rede Rede (for he assumed that name) died a few years ago possessed of
+Ashmans Park, Suff., which was independent of the Naunton property, and of
+certain heir-looms, the sole remains of the great estates of the "Nauntons
+of Letheringham," which continue in the possession of the descendants of
+that family. It is at _Ashmans_ that the portrait inquired for by your
+correspondent Q. will probably be found. Whether that estate has already
+been sold by the daughters of the late possessor (four co-heiresses) I am
+unable to say.
+
+H. C. K.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+BARNACLES.
+
+(Vol. viii., p. 223.)
+
+In reference to the article on the barnacle bird in "N. & Q." as above, I
+send you a paper which I lately put in our local journal (_The Tralee
+Chronicle_), containing a collection of notices of the curious errors and
+_gradual_ correction of them, on the subject of the barnacle. I fear it may
+be long for your columns, but don't know how to shorten it; nor can I well
+omit another amusing notice of the subject, to which, since I published it,
+an intelligent friend called my attention; it is from the _Memoirs of Lady
+Fanshaw_:--
+
+    "When we came to Calais, we met the Earl of Strafford and Sir Kenelm
+    Digby, with some others of our countrymen; we were all feasted at the
+    Governor's of the castle, and much excellent discourse passed; but, as
+    was reason, most share was Sir Kenelm Digby's, who had enlarged
+    somewhat more in extraordinary stories than might be averred, and all
+    of them passed with great applause and wonder of the French then at
+    table; but the concluding one was--that barnacles, a bird in Jersey,
+    was first a shell-fish to appearance, and from that sticking upon old
+    wood, became in time a bird. After some consideration, they unanimously
+    burst out into laughter, believing it altogether false, and, to say the
+    truth, it was the only thing true he had discoursed with them!--that
+    was his infirmity, tho' otherwise a person of most excellent parts, and
+    a very free bred gentleman."--Lady Fanshaw's _Memoirs_, pp. 72-3.
+
+A. B. R.
+
+Belmont.
+
+As a tail-piece to the curious information communicated respecting these
+strange creatures in Vol. i., pp. 117. 169. 254. 340., Vol. viii., pp. 124.
+223., may be added an advertisement, extracted from the monthly compendium
+annexed to _La Belle Assemblee_, or Bell's _Court and Fashionable
+Magazine_, for June, 1807, in the following terms:
+
+    "Wonderful natural curiosity, called the Goose Tree, Barnacle Tree, or
+    Tree bearing Geese, taken up at sea, on the 12th of January, 1807, by
+    Captain Bytheway, and was more than twenty men could raise out of the
+    water, which may be seen at the Exhibition Rooms, Spring Gardens, from
+    ten o'clock in the morning till ten at night, every day. Admission, one
+    shilling; children half-price.
+
+    "The Barnacles which form the present Exhibition, possess a neck
+    upwards of two feet in length, resembling the windpipe of a chicken;
+    each shell contains five pieces, and notwithstanding the many thousands
+    which hang to eight inches of the tree, part of the fowl may be seen
+    from each shell. Sir Robert Moxay, in the Wonders of Nature and Art,
+    speaking of this singularly curious production, says, in every shell he
+    opened he found a perfect sea-fowl, with a bill like that of a goose,
+    feet like those of water-fowl, and the feathers all plainly formed.
+
+    "The above wonderful and almost indescribable curiosity, is the only
+    exhibition of the kind in the world."
+
+[mu].
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+{301}
+
+PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE.
+
+_Precision in Photographic Processes._--I have for a long period observed,
+and been much annoyed at the circumstance, that many of your photographic
+correspondents are very remiss when they favour you with recipes for
+certain processes, in not stating the specific gravity of the articles
+used; also, in giving the quantities, in not stating if it is by weight or
+measure.
+
+To illustrate my meaning more fully, I will refer to Vol. viii., p. 252.,
+where a correspondent, in his albumen process, adds "chloride of barium, 7-1/4
+dr." Now, as this article is prepared and sold both in crystals and in a
+liquid state, it would be desirable to know which of the two is meant
+before his disciples run the risk of spoiling their paper and losing their
+time.
+
+How easy would it be to prefix the letter _f_ where fluid oz., dr., or
+other quantity is meant.
+
+Trusting that this hint may in future induce your correspondents to be as
+explicit as possible on all points, believe me to be an
+
+AMATEUR PHOTOGRAPHER.
+
+_Tent for Collodion._--As I have frequently benefited from the hints of
+your correspondents, I in my turn hasten to communicate a very simple plan
+I have contrived for a portable tent for the collodion process, in the hope
+it may be found to answer with others as well as it has done with me: it is
+as follows.
+
+Round the legs of my camera stand (a tripod one) I have made a covering for
+two of the sides, of a double lining of glazed yellow calico, with a few
+loops at the foot to stake to the ground; the third side is made of thick
+dark cloth, much wider and larger than to cover the side, which is fastened
+at one leg of the stand to the calico. The other side is provided with
+loops to fasten to corresponding buttons on the other leg, and by bending
+on my knees I can easily pull the dark cloth over my head and back, fasten
+the loops to the buttons, and then I can perfectly perform any manipulation
+required, without the risk of any ray of white light entering; and
+certainly nothing can be more _portable_.
+
+The simplicity of the thing makes any farther description of it
+unnecessary, to say nothing of your valuable space.
+
+JAN.
+
+_Mr. Sisson's Developing Solution._--The REV. MR. SISSON, in a letter I
+received from him a few days ago, stated that he had been trying, at the
+recommendation of a gentleman who had written to him upon the subject, a
+stronger developing solution than that the formula for which he published
+some time back in your pages, and that it gave splendid positive pictures
+with very short exposure in the camera.
+
+Since I received his letter I have been able to corroborate his testimony
+in favour of the stronger solution, and have much pleasure in sending you
+the formula for the benefit of your readers. It is this: 1-1/2 drachms of
+protosulphate of iron in five ounces of water, 1 drachm of nitrate of lead,
+letting it settle for some hours; pour off the clear liquid, and then add
+to it 2 drachms of acetic acid.
+
+J. LEACHMAN.
+
+20. Compton Terrace, Islington.
+
+_Mr. Stewart's Pantograph._--Will some of your photographic readers, who
+may know the proper size of MR. STEWART'S pantograph, give a detailed
+description of it? We should have focal length of lens, size of box, and
+the length of the sliding, parts of it. Cannot the lens be made fast in the
+middle of the box, provided the frames can be adjusted for different-sized
+pictures?
+
+R. ELLIOTT.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Replies to Minor Queries.
+
+_George Browne of Shefford_ (Vol. viii., p. 243.).--I observe that in your
+interesting publication you have inserted the Query which I sent you long
+since. A somewhat similar Query of mine has already appeared, and been
+answered by your correspondents H. C. C. and T. HUGHES; the latter stating
+that my particulars are not strictly correct, inasmuch as the individual
+styled by me as "Sir George Browne, _Bart._," was in reality simple "George
+Browne, _Esq._" I admit this error; but if I was wrong, MR. HUGHES was so
+too, for George Browne's wife was Eleanor, and _not_ Elizabeth, Blount, as
+appears by his affidavit in the State Paper Office, wherein he deposes that
+he "had by _Ellinor_, his late wife, deceased daughter of Sir Richard
+Blount, eight sons, namely, George, Richard, Anthony, John, William, Henry,
+Francis, and Robert, and seven daughters."
+
+The sons are thus disposed of:
+
+1. George, created K. B. at the coronation of Charles II.; married
+Elizabeth Englefield; had issue two daughters; died 1678.
+
+2. Richard, a captain in the king's army, 1649, and was dead in 1650.
+
+3. Anthony, who was "preferred to the trade of a M_a_rchant," 1650.
+
+4. John, a page to Prince Thomas, uncle to the Duke of Savoy; created Bart.
+1665; married Mrs. Bradley; had issue.
+
+5. William, had a "reversion of a copyhold in Shefford."
+
+6. Henry, died unmarried, 1668; buried at Shefford.
+
+7. Francis, nine years old in 1651; and
+
+8. Robert, four years old in 1651.
+
+In that year (1651) Henry, Francis, and Robert were living with their
+guardian, Mr. {302} Libb, of Hardwick, Oxon; and soon afterwards we find
+them placed under the care of a clergyman at Appleshaw. But here we seem to
+lose sight of them altogether.
+
+MR. HUGHES says that the only sons who married were George, the heir, and
+John, the younger brother; but we have no evidence of this; and as it is
+probable that some of the others, namely, Richard, Anthony, William,
+Francis, and Robert, married, I wish to procure proof either that they did
+or did not. If any of these married, I wish to know which of them, to whom,
+and when and where.
+
+Perhaps some of your correspondents can tell me where Richard, Anthony, and
+William resided, and what became of Francis and Robert after they had left
+their tutor, the minister of Appleshaw.
+
+NEWBURIENSIS.
+
+_Wheale_ (Vol. vi., p. 579.; Vol. vii., p. 96.).--Since this word is once
+more brought forward in "N. & Q." (Vol. viii., p. 208.), I will answer the
+Query respecting it. I was prepared to do so shortly after it first
+appeared, but I had reason to expect a reply from one more conversant with
+such archaisms. If the Querist, or either respondent, had examined the
+context, he could not have failed to discover a clue to the meaning, as the
+words "gall of dragons" instead of "wine," and "wheale" instead of "milk,"
+are evidently translations of sound expressions in the preface of Pope
+Sixtus (or Xystus) V., to his edition of the Vulgate. The words there are
+"fel draconum pro vino, pro lacte sanies obtruderetur." Wheale more
+commonly signified, in later times, a pustule or boil; but it is from the
+Ang.-Sax. _hwele_, putrefaction. The bad taste of such language is too
+manifest to require farther comment.
+
+If I were disposed to conclude with a Query, I might ask where Q. found
+that _wheale_ ever meant _whey_?
+
+W. S. W.
+
+Middle Temple.
+
+_Sir Arthur Aston_ (Vol. viii., p. 126.).--He was appointed Governor of
+Reading, November 29, 1642; that his relative, Geo. Tattershall, Esq., was
+of Stapleford, Wilts, and only purchased the estate, West Court in
+Finchampstead, which went, on the marriage of his daughter, to the Hon.
+Chas. Howard, fourth son of the Earl of Arundel, and was sold by him.
+
+A READER.
+
+_"A Mockery," &c._ (Vol. viii., p. 244).--Thomas Lord Denman is the author
+of the phrase in question. That noble lord, in giving his judgment in the
+case of O'Connell and others against the Queen, in the House of Lords,
+September 4, 1844, thus alluded to the judgment of the Court of Queen's
+Bench in Ireland, overruling the challenge by the traversers to the array,
+on account of the fraudulent omission of fifty-nine names from the list of
+jurors of the county of the city of Dublin:
+
+    "If it is possible that such a practice as that which has taken place
+    in the present instance should be allowed to pass without a remedy (and
+    no other remedy has been suggested), trial by jury itself, instead of
+    being a security to persons who are accused, will be _a delusion, a
+    mockery, and a snare_."
+
+See Clark and Finnelly's _Reports of Cases in the House of Lords_, vol. xi.
+p. 351.
+
+C. H. COOPER.
+
+Cambridge.
+
+_Norman of Winster_ (Vol. viii., p. 126).--I do not know if W. is aware
+that there was a family of Norman who was possessed of a share of the manor
+of Beeley, in the parish of Ashford, Derbyshire, which came from the
+Savilles, the said manor having been purchased by Wm. Saville, Esq., 1687.
+
+A READER.
+
+_Arms of the See of York_ (Vol. viii., pp. 34. 111. 233.).--Thoroton has a
+curious note on this subject in his _History of Nottinghamshire_ (South
+Muskham, in the east window of the chancel), from which it would appear
+that neither Thoroton himself, nor his after-editor Thoresby, could be
+aware of the change that had taken place. The note, however, may help to
+complete the _catena_ of those incumbents of the see of York who (prior to
+Cardinal Wolsey) bore the same arms as the see of Canterbury:
+
+    "There are the arms of the see of _Canterbury_, impaling _Arg. three
+    boars' heads erased and erected sable_, Booth, I doubt mistaken for the
+    arms of _York_, as they are with Archbishop Lee's again in the same
+    window; and in the hall window at _Newstede_ the see of _Canterbury_
+    impales _Savage_, who was Archbishop of _York_ also, but not of
+    _Canterbury_ that I know of."--Vol. iii. p. 152., ed. Notts, 1796.
+
+Can any of your antiquarian contributors say why the sees of Canterbury and
+York bore originally the same arms? Had it any relation to the struggle for
+precedence carried on for so many years between the two sees?
+
+J. SANSOM.
+
+Mr. Waller, in his volume on _Monumental Brasses_, in describing that of
+William de Grenfeld, Archbishop of York, says:
+
+    "The arms of the two archiepiscopal sees were formerly the same, and
+    continued to be so till the Reformation, when the pall surmounting a
+    crozier was retained by Canterbury, and the cross keys and tiara
+    (emblematic of St. Peter, to whom the minster is dedicated), which
+    until then had been used only for the church of York, were adopted as
+    the armorial bearings of the see."
+
+To the word "tiara" he appends a note:
+
+    "Or rather at this period a regal crown, the tiara having been
+    superseded in the reign of Henry VIII."
+
+{303}
+
+He gives no authority for the statement, but the note appears
+contradictory, and implies two changes in the first to the cross-keys and
+tiara, which may corroborate the notion of its having been adopted by
+Cardinal Wolsey; secondly, the substitution of the crown for the tiara. Can
+this be proved?
+
+F. H.
+
+_Roger Wilbraham, Esq.'s, Cheshire Collection_ (Vol. viii., p. 270.).--It
+is probable these MSS. are still at the family seat of the Wilbrahams,
+Delamere Lodge, Northwitch. When Ormerod published his _History of
+Cheshire_, in 1819, they were in the custody of the family. He says (vol.
+iii. p. 232.):
+
+    "In the possession of the family is a curious series of journals
+    commenced by Richard Wilbraham of Nantwich, who died in 1612, and
+    continued regularly to the time of his great-great-grandson, who died
+    in 1732. As a genealogical document, such a memorial is invaluable; and
+    it contains many curious incidental notices of passing events, and of
+    minute particulars relating to the town of Nantwich, of whose rights
+    the Wilbrahams of Townsend were the never-failing and active
+    guardians."
+
+J. YEOWELL.
+
+_Pierrepont_ (Vol. vii., p. 606.).--A descendant thanks C. J. The
+information wanted is parentage and descent of John Pierrepont of Wadworth,
+who in a family mem. by his great-great-granddaughter is called "Uncle to
+Evelyn, Earl of P." Any information respecting John Pierrepont or his
+descendants through Margaret Stevens will much oblige.
+
+A. F. B.
+
+Diss.
+
+_Passage in Bacon_ (Vol. viii., p. 141.).--In the Notes on Bacon's Essay
+II. "On Death," there appears the following:
+
+    "In the passage of Juvenal, the words are 'Qui spatium vitae,' and not
+    'Qui finem vitae,' as quoted by Lord Bacon. Length of days is meant."
+
+His lordship's memory and _ear_ too certainly misled him with respect to
+the _wording_, but he has correctly given us the _sense_. Juvenal has been
+arguing (l. iv. Sat. x.) on the vanity of earthly blessings, so called, in
+quite a philosophic way; it is hardly possible to suppose him closing his
+sermon with--
+
+ "Fortem posce animum, mortis terrore carentem,
+  Qui spatium vitae extremum inter munera ponat
+  Naturae, qui ferre queat quoscumque labores,
+  Nesciat irasci, cupiat nihil, et potiores
+  Herculis aerumnas credat, saevosque labores,
+  Et Venere, et coenis, et plume Sardanapali."
+
+if by _spatium_ he meant "length;" but how apt and beautiful in Lord
+Bacon's sense! A note on the passage in the Var. Ed. of 1684 has "Qui sciat
+_mortem_ munus aliquod naturae esse."
+
+EMMANUEL CANTAB.
+
+_Monumental Inscription in Peterborough Cathedral_ (Vol. viii., p.
+215.).--In consequence of the very curious Notes communicated by H. THOS.
+WAKE, I would beg to draw that gentleman's attention to the very important
+MS. collections of Bp. White Kennet on the subject of this cathedral in the
+Lansd. MSS., British Museum, to which I shall be happy to give him the
+references in a private letter, if he will favour me with his address.
+
+E. G. BALLARD.
+
+_Lord North_ (Vol. vii., p. 207).--I feel much obliged to your
+correspondent C. for his courtesy in replying to my inquiry concerning this
+nobleman. His remembrance of the personal appearance of George III., and
+his remarks on the subject, are in my opinion conclusive; but the
+appearance of the statement in the _Life of Goldsmith_ was such as to
+provoke inquiry. May I ask our correspondent C. (who appears to be
+acquainted with the North genealogy) whether a sister of the premier North,
+by the some mother, was not alive some years after the year 1734? Collins
+records the birth of an infant daughter, but the fact is overlooked in
+modern peerages.
+
+OBSERVER.
+
+_Land of Green Ginger_ (Vol. viii., pp. 34. 160. 227.).--Mr. Frost, in his
+_History_, p. 71., &c., has shown many instances of alteration in the names
+of streets in Hull from the names of persons, as from Aldegate to Scale
+Lane, from Schayl, a Dutchman; and MR. RICHARDSON has made it most probable
+that the designation "Land of Green Ginger" took place betwixt 1640 and
+1735. It has occurred to me, that a family of the Dutch name of Lindegreen
+(green lime-trees) resided at Hull within the last fifty years or more. Now
+the "junior" of this name would be called in Dutch "Lindegroen jonger,"
+which may have originated the corruption "Land o' green ginger." This
+conjecture would amount to solution of the question, if the Lindegreens had
+about 150 years ago any property or occupation in this lane. The Dutch had
+necessarily much intercourse with Hull: one of their imports was the
+lamprey, chiefly as bait for turbot, cod, &c. obtained in the Ouse near the
+mouth of the Derwent; which fish was conveyed in boats in Ouse Water, and
+was kept alive and lively by means of poles made to revolve in these
+floating fish-ponds, as I was informed by an alderman prior to the reform
+of that ancient borough. But lamprey has now either migrated, or been
+exterminated by clearing the Ouse of stones[5], or by the excessive
+cupidity of the fisherman or gastronomer.
+
+T. J. BUCKTON.
+
+Birmingham.
+
+[Footnote 5: The Petromyzon by attaching itself to a stone forms a drill,
+by which it furrows the shoal for the deposit of its spawn.]
+
+{304}
+
+_Sheer, and Shear Hulk_ (Vol. vii., p. 126.)--A _sheer_ hulk is a mere
+hulk, simply the hull of a vessel unfurnished with masts and rigging. A
+_shear_ hulk, on the contrary, is the hull of a vessel fitted with _shears_
+(so termed from their resemblance to the blades of a pair of shears when
+opened), for the purpose of masting and dismasting other vessels.
+
+The use of the word _buckle_, in the signification of bend, is exceedingly
+common both among seamen and builders. For its use among the former I can
+vouch; and among the latter, see the evidence at the coroner's inquest on
+the late melancholy and mysterious accident at the Crystal Palace.
+
+W. PINKERTON.
+
+Ham.
+
+_Serpent with a Human Head_ (Vol. iv., p. 191.).--The following passage
+from Gervasius Tilberiensis (_Otia Imperialia_, lib. i sect. 15.) shows
+that the idea of the serpent which tempted Eve, having a woman's head, was
+current in the time of Bede. I having not had an opportunity of finding
+whereabouts in Bede's writings the passage quoted by Gervasius occurs:
+
+    "Nec erit omittendum, quod ait Beda, loquens de serpente qui Evam
+    seduxit: 'Elegit enim diabolus quoddam genus serpentis foemineum vultum
+    habentis, quia similes similibus applaudunt, et movit ad loquendum
+    linguam ejus."
+
+C. W. G.
+
+_"When the maggot bites"_ (Vol. viii., p 244.).--An ANON correspondent asks
+for a note to explain the origin of the saying that thing done on the spur
+of the moment is done "when the maggot bites." Perhaps the best explanation
+is that afforded in the following passage from Swift's _Discourse on the
+Mechanical Operation of the Spirit_:
+
+    "It is the opinion of choice _virtuosi_ that the brain is only a crowd
+    of little animals with teeth and claws extremely sharp, and which cling
+    together in the contexture we behold, like the picture of Hobbes's
+    Leviathan; or like bees in perpendicular swarm on a tree; or like a
+    carrion corrupted into vermin, still preserving the shape and figure of
+    the mother animal: that all invention is formed by the morsure of two
+    or more of these animals upon certain capillary nerves which proceed
+    from thence, whereof three branches spring into the tongue and two into
+    the right hand. They hold also that these animals are of a constitution
+    extremely cold: that their food is the air we attract, their excrement
+    phlegm. And that what we vulgarly call rheums, and colds, and
+    distillations, is nothing else but an epidemical looseness to which
+    that little commonwealth is very subject from the climate it lies
+    under. Farther, that nothing less than a violent heat can disentangle
+    these creatures from their hamated station in life; or give them vigour
+    and humour, to imprint the marks of their little teeth. That if the
+    morsure be hexagonal, it produces poetry; the circular gives eloquence.
+    If the bite hath been conical, the person whose nerve is so affected
+    shall be disposed to write upon politics; and so of the rest."
+
+J. EMERSON TENNENT.
+
+_Definition of a Proverb_ (Vol. viii., p. 242.).--The proverb, "Wit of one
+man, the wisdom of many," has been attributed to Lord John Russell: I think
+in a recent number of the _Quarterly Review_. The foundation was laid most
+probably by Bacon:
+
+    "The genius, wit, and spirit of a nation are discovered by their
+    proverbs."
+
+It may not be perhaps generally known to your readers, that in a small
+volume, called _Origines de la Lengua Espanola, &c., por Don Gregorio
+Mayans y Siscar, Bibliothecario del Rei nuestro Senor_, en Madrid, Ano
+1737, will be found a numerous collection of Spanish proverbs. A MS. note
+in my copy has a note, stating that the MS. made for Mayans, from the
+original, in the national library at Madrid, is now in the British Museum,
+Additional MSS., No. 9939.
+
+The work is divided into dialogues; and in the copy in question are some
+remarks by a Spanish gentleman, I fear too long for your pages: but I send
+you an English version by a friend, of one of the couplets in the
+dialogues, "Diez marcos tengo de oro:"
+
+ "Ten marks of gold for the telling,
+  And of silver I have nine score,
+  Good houses are mine to dwell in,
+  And I have a rent-roll more:
+  My line and lineage please me:
+  Ten squires to come at my call,
+  And no lord who flatters or fees me,
+  Which pleases me most of them all."
+
+JOHN MARTIN.
+
+Woburn Abbey.
+
+_Gilbert White of Selborne_ (Vol. viii., p. 244.).--Oriel College, of which
+Gilbert White was for more than fifty years a Fellow, some years since
+offered to have a portrait of him painted for their hall. An inquiry was
+then made of all the members of his family; but no portrait of any
+description could be found. I have heard my father say that Gilbert White
+was much pressed by his brother Thomas (my grandfather) to have his
+portrait painted, and that he talked of it; but it was never done.
+
+A. HOLT WHITE.
+
+_"A Tub to the Whale"_ (Vol. viii., p. 220.).--In the Appendix B. to Sir
+James Macintosh's _Life of Sir Thomas More_ is the following passage:
+
+    "The learned Mr. Douce has informed a friend of mine, that in Sebastian
+    Munster's _Cosmography_ there is a cut of a ship, to which a whale was
+    coming too close for her safety; and of the sailors throwing a tub
+    {305} to the whale, evidently to play with. The practice of throwing a
+    tub or barrel to a large fish, to divert the animal from gambols
+    dangerous to a vessel, is also mentioned in an old prose translation of
+    the _Ship of Fools_. These passages satisfactorily explain the common
+    phrase of throwing a tub to a whale."
+
+Sir James Macintosh conjectures that the phrase "the tale of a tub" (which
+was familiarly known in Sir Thomas More's time) had reference to the tub
+thrown to the whale.
+
+C. H. COOPER.
+
+Cambridge.
+
+_The Number Nine_ (Vol. viii., p. 149.).--The property of numbers
+enunciated and illustrated by MR. LAMMENS resolves itself into two.
+
+1. If from any number above nine be subtracted the number expressed by
+writing the same digits backwards, the remainder is divisible by nine.
+
+2. If the number nine measure a given number, it measures the sum of its
+digits.
+
+As the latter is proved in most elementary books on Algebra, I confine my
+proof to the former.
+
+Let the number in question be--
+
+  _a__0 + _a__1 . 10 + _a__2 . 10^2 + ... + _a__{_n_-1} . 10^{_n_-1} +
+      _a__{_n_} . 10^{_n_}
+
+Then
+
+  _a__{_n_} + _a__{_n_-1} . 10 + _a__{_n_-2} . 10^2 + ... + _a__1 .
+      10^{_n_-1} + _a__0 . 10^{_n_}
+
+is "the same number written backwards." The difference is--
+
+  (_a__{_n_} - _a__0)(10^{_n_} - 1) + (_a__{_n_-1} - _a__1)(10^{_n_-2} - 1)
+      . 10 + ...
+      + (_a__{_n_/2+1} - _a__{_n_/2-1})(10^2-1) . 10^{_n_/2-1} if _n_ be
+          even, but
+      + (_a__{(_n_+1)/2} - _a__{(_n_-1)/2})(10-1) . 10^{(n-1)/2} if _n_ be
+          odd.
+
+And every term of this difference, as involving a factor of the form (1 -
+10^{_n_}), is divisible by 9; and therefore the difference is divisible by
+9.
+
+C. MANSFIELD INGLEBY.
+
+Birmingham.
+
+_The Willingham Boy._--ABREDONENSIS will find full information on all the
+points he appears from your Notices to Correspondents (Vol. viii., p. 66.)
+to have inquired after in--
+
+    "Prodigium Willinghamense, or Authentic Memoirs of the Life of a Boy
+    born at Willingham, near Cambridge, with some Reflections on his
+    Understanding, Strength, Temper, Memory, Genius, and Knowledge, by
+    Thos. Dawkes, Surgeon."
+
+W. P.
+
+_Unlucky Days_ (Vol. vii., p. 232.).--The Latin verses contained in the old
+Spanish breviary, adverted to by W. PINKERTON, bear a close resemblance to
+those which are to be found in the Red Book of the Irish Exchequer. The
+latter form part of a calendar which is supposed to have been written
+either during the reign of John or Henry III. A similar calendar, with like
+verses, has been printed by the Archaeological Society, Dublin. As the lines
+in the Red Book vary in some respects from those which have appeared in "N.
+& Q.," I have taken the liberty of inclosing a transcript of them.
+
+ "_January._ Prima dies mensis, et septima truncat ut ensis.
+  _February._ Quarta subit mortem, prosternit tertia fortem.
+  _March._ Primus mandantem, dirumpit quarta bibentem.
+  _April._ Denus et undenus, est mortis vulnere plenus.
+  _May._ Tertius occidit, et septimus hora relidit.
+  _June._ Denus pallescit, quindenus federa nescit.
+  _July._ Terdecimus mactat, Julii denus labefactat.
+  _August._ Prima necat fortem, perditque secunda choortem.
+  _September._ Tertia Septembris, et denus fert mala membris.
+  _October._ Tertia cum dena, clamat sit integra vena.
+  _November._ Scorpius est quintus, et tertius est nece cinctus.
+  _December._ Septimus exanguis, virosus denus ut anguis."
+
+JAMES F. FERGUSON.
+
+Dublin.
+
+_Rhymes on Places_ (Vol. vii. _passim_.).--Midlothian:
+
+ "Musselboro' was a boro',
+    Whan Edinboro' was nane;
+  An Musselboro' 'll be a boro',
+    Whan Edinboro's gane."
+
+W. T. M.
+
+Hong Kong.
+
+Cambridgeshire folks say,--
+
+ "Hungry Hardwick,
+    Greedy Toft,
+  Hang-up Kingston,
+    Caldecott[6] naught."
+
+P. J. F. GANTILLON, B.A.
+
+[Footnote 6: Pronounced _Cawcote_.]
+
+_Quotation Wanted_ (Vol. vi., p. 421.).--See Byron's _Dream_, stanza ii. v.
+30.:
+
+             "She was his life,
+  The ocean to the river of his thoughts."
+
+P. J. F. GANTILLON, B.A.
+
+_Lamech_ (Vol. vii., p. 432.).--For "Lamech," see Mr. Browne's excellent
+_Ordo Saeclorum_, ch. vii. Sec. 302., 1844--a book deserving to be much more
+widely known.
+
+S. Z. Z. S.
+
+_Muggers_ (Vol. viii., p. 34.).--The names _muggers_ and _potters_,
+betokening dealers in mugs and pots, are, in the north of England, applied
+indiscriminately to hawkers of earthenware, whether of gipsy blood or not.
+Indeed, the majority are evidently not gipsies.
+
+T. D. RIDLEY.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+{306}
+
+Miscellaneous.
+
+NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC.
+
+We have received from Messrs. Williams and Norgate copies of the first
+number of two new German periodicals, with which, when they know their
+nature, some of our readers may desire better acquaintance. Our antiquarian
+friends, for instance, may be glad to know, that the opening number of one
+of these, the _Anzeige fuer Kunde des Deutschen Vorzeit, Organ des
+Germanischen Museums_ (which is to appear monthly), contains, among other
+articles of antiquarian interest, notes on the earliest known MS. of the
+Nuremburg Chronicle, and on an early MS. of the Nibelungen; notice of an
+original Letter of Pirkheimer, relative to the wars of Maximilian against
+the Swiss; and also of a remarkable, and hitherto unknown, old copper-plate
+engraving on six sheets by an unknown artist, apparently of the school of
+Martin Schon, illustrative of that campaign; and an account of an early
+miscellaneous MS., in which is a List of Masons' Marks. The second is one
+which will interest all lovers of folk lore. It is edited by J. W. Wolf,
+and entitled _Zeitschrift fuer Deutsche Mythologie und Sittenkunde_, and
+numbers among its contributors, W. Grimm, Nordnagel, Kuhn, and many other
+good men and true, who have devoted their talents to the study of popular
+antiquities. We hope shortly to find room for a specimen or two of the "Old
+World" stories and customs which they have here recorded.
+
+BOOKS RECEIVED.--_A Guide containing a Short Historical Sketch of Lynton
+and Places adjacent in North Devon, including Ilfracombe_, by T. H. Cooper:
+a well-timed guide to the most picturesque portion of one of the most
+beautiful parts of North Devon, pleasantly interlarded with scraps of folk
+lore and historical anecdote.--In Bohn's _Standard Library_, we have a
+farther issue of Miss Bremer's works, comprising _A Diary_; _The H----
+Family_; _Axel and Anna_, and other Tales: and the second volume of Mr.
+Hickie's translation of _The Comedies of Aristophanes_ forms the issue for
+the present month of the same publisher's _Classical Library_.--Mr. Darling
+proceeds with great regularity in the publication of his _Cyclopoedia
+Bibliographica_, of which we have received No. XII., which extends from
+Bernard Lancy to Martin Madan.--_The Irish Quarterly Review_, No. XI. for
+September, contains, among other articles of general interest, such as
+those on _French Social Life and Fashion in Poetry, and the Poets of
+Fashion_, a farther portion of the amusing anecdotical paper, entitled _The
+Streets of Dublin_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES WANTED TO PURCHASE.
+
+THE BUILDER, No. 520.
+
+OSWALLI CROLLII OPERA. 12mo. Geneva, 1635.
+
+GAFFARELL'S UNHEARD-OF CURIOSITIES. Translate by Chelmead. London, 12mo.
+1650.
+
+BEAUMONT'S PSYCHE. 2nd Edit. folio. Camb. 1702.
+
+THE MONTHLY ARMY LIST from 1797 to 1800 inclusive. Published by Hookham and
+Carpenter, Bond Street. Square 12mo.
+
+JER. COLLIER'S ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF ENGLAND. Folio Edition. Vol II.
+
+LONDON LABOUR AND THE LONDON POOR.
+
+PROCEEDINGS OF THE LONDON GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
+
+PRESCOTT'S HISTORY OF THE CONQUEST OF MEXICO. 3 Vols. London. Vol. III.
+
+MRS. ELLIS'S SOCIAL DISTINCTIONS. Tallis's Edition. Vols. II. and III. 8vo.
+
+PAMPHLETS.
+
+JUNIUS DISCOVERED. By P. T. Published about 1789.
+
+REASONS FOR REJECTING THE EVIDENCE OF MR. ALMON, &c. 1807.
+
+ANOTHER GUESS AT JUNIUS. Hookham. 1809.
+
+THE AUTHOR OF JUNIUS DISCOVERED. Longmans. 1821.
+
+THE CLAIMS OF SIR P. FRANCIS REFUTED. Longmans. 1822.
+
+WHO WAS JUNIUS? Glynn. 1837.
+
+SOME NEW FACTS, &c., by Sir F. Dwarris. 1850.
+
+*** _Correspondents sending Lists of Books Wanted are requested to send
+their names._
+
+*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, to be
+sent to MR. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Notices to Correspondents.
+
+G. T. (Reading). _We are happy to be able to assure our Correspondent that
+that venerable antiquary_ JOHN BRITTON _is still among us, and, when we
+last saw him, as hale as his best friends could wish._
+
+H. H. R. _will find in our earlier volumes several Notes on the subject of
+his Query._
+
+W. M. _The line_--
+
+ "Incidis in Scyllam cupiens vitare Charybdim,"
+
+_is from_ lib. v. 301. _of the_ Alexandreis _of Philip Gualtier: and not_
+Tempora, _but_
+
+ "Omnia mutantur, nos et mutamur in illis,"
+
+_is from a poem by Matthew Borbonius in the_ Delitiae Poetarum Germanorum,
+vol. i. p. 683.
+
+H. C. C. _Will this Correspondent favour us with his address in exchange
+for that of_ NEWBURY, _which we have, and who wishes to correspond with
+him?_
+
+J. O. _May we insert the interesting Reply sent by this Correspondent, or
+is it his wish that we should forward it?_
+
+W. S. F. _will find an interesting article on the loss of Gray's original
+MS. from La Grande Chartreuse, in our_ First Volume, p. 416.
+
+J. M. G. _Is not the translation of_ The Ode, _spoken of in the article
+alluded to as being by James Hay Beattie, the one respecting which our
+Querist inquires?_
+
+F. M. (A Maltese). 1. _We should recommend our Correspondent to make his
+gun cotton with the nitrate of potash and sulphuric acid, as originally
+recommended in_ "N. & Q.," _taking care that they are both thoroughly
+incorporated before the addition of the cotton. Much vexation often occurs
+in consequence of the various strengths of nitric acid. But the gun cotton
+can now be procured at some of the photographic houses quite as reasonably
+as it can be prepared._ 2. _Acetic acid is added to the pyrogallic acid to
+prevent its too rapid decomposition, and to facilitate the more easy
+flowing of the fluid over the plate. But the more acetic acid is used, the
+more slow will be the development._ 3. _Is not the cracking of the albumen
+the result of the climate of Malta?_
+
+F. (Manchester). _We do not think that you can do better than adopt
+strictly the mode of obtaining positives recommended by_ MR. POLLOCK, _and
+which we printed some time since; or that pursued by_ DR. DIAMOND, _which
+we have in type, but have been compelled to postpone until next week._
+
+A. B. C. _Having ourselves practised the_ Paper Process, _according to the
+directions given in our first Number for the present year (with the
+correction of using the gallic acid, which, as stated in a subsequent
+Number, was by accident omitted), we would advise our Correspondent to
+adhere _strictly_ to those rules rather than any other with which we have
+since become acquainted. We are of opinion that sufficient care is very
+rarely used in the preparation of the iodized paper, and upon which all
+future success must depend._
+
+_A few complete sets of_ "NOTES AND QUERIES," Vols. i. _to_ vii., _price
+Three Guineas and a Half, may now be had; for which early application is
+desirable._
+
+"NOTES AND QUERIES" _is published at noon on Friday, so that the Country
+Booksellers may receive Copies in that night's parcels, and deliver them to
+their Subscribers on the Saturday._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+{307}
+
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+
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+
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+    food.--MARIA JOLLY, Wortham Ling, near Diss, Norfolk."
+
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+    which no medicine could remove or relieve, have been effectually cured
+    by Du Barry's food in a very short time.--W. R. REEVES, Pool Anthony,
+    Tiverton."
+
+    Cure, No. 4,208:--"Eight years' dyspepsia, nervousness, debility, with
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+
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+
+    "Bonn, July 19. 1852.
+
+    "This light and pleasant Farina is one of the most excellent,
+    nourishing, and restorative remedies, and supersedes, in many cases,
+    all kinds of medicines. It is particularly useful in confined habit of
+    body, as also diarrhoea, bowel complaints, affections of the kidneys
+    and bladder, such as stone or gravel; inflammatory irritation and cramp
+    of the urethra, cramp of the kidneys and bladder, strictures, and
+    hemorrhoids. This really invaluable remedy is employed with the most
+    satisfactory result, not only in bronchial and pulmonary complaints,
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+    bronchial consumption, in which it counteracts effectually the
+    troublesome cough; and I am enabled with perfect truth to express the
+    conviction that Du Barry's Revalenta Arabica is adapted to the cure of
+    incipient hectic complaints and consumption.
+
+    "DR. RUD WURZER.
+    "Counsel of Medicine, and practical M.D. in Bonn."
+
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+Majesty the Queen; Hedges & Butler, 155. Regent Street; and through all
+respectable grocers, chemists, and medicine venders. In canisters, suitably
+packed for all climates, and with full instructions, 1lb. 2s. 9d.; 2lb. 4s.
+6d.; 5lb. 11s.; 12lb. 22s.; super-refined, 5lb. 22s.; 10lb. 33s. The 10lb.
+and 12lb. carriage free, on receipt of Post-office order.--Barry, Du Barry
+Co., 77. Regent Street, London.
+
+IMPORTANT CAUTION.--Many invalids having been seriously injured by spurious
+imitations under closely similar names, such as Ervalenta, Arabaca, and
+others, the public will do well to see that each canister bears the name
+BARRY, DU BARRY & CO., 77. Regent Street, London, in full, _without which
+none is genuine_.
+
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+
+
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+
+3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON.
+
+Founded A.D. 1842.
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+
+  H. E. Bicknell, Esq.
+  T. S. Cocks, Jun. Esq., M. P.
+  G. H. Drew, Esq.
+  W. Evans, Esq.
+  W. Freeman, Esq.
+  F. Fuller, Esq.
+  J. H. Goodhart, Esq.
+  T. Grissell, Esq.
+  J. Hunt, Esq.
+  J. A. Lethbridge, Esq.
+  E. Lucas, Esq.
+  J. Lys Seager, Esq.
+  J. B. White, Esq.
+  J. Carter Wood, Esq.
+
+  _Trustees._--W. Whateley, Esq., Q.C.; George Drew, Esq., T. Grissell,
+      Esq.
+  _Physician._--William Rich. Basham, M.D.
+  _Bankers._--Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross.
+
+VALUABLE PRIVILEGE.
+
+POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary
+difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application to
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+the Prospectus.
+
+Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100l., with a Share in
+three-fourths of the Profits:--
+
+  Age       L   s.  d.
+   17       1  14   4
+   22       1  18   8
+   27       2   4   5
+   32       2  10   8
+   37       2  18   6
+   42       3   8   2
+
+ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary.
+
+Now ready, price 10s. 6d., Second Edition, with material additions.
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+the Cases of Freehold Land Societies, Building Companies, &c. With a
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+SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life Assurance Society, 3.
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+
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+perfect Security.
+
+Interest payable in January and July.
+
+  PETER MORRISON,
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+
+Prospectuses free on application.
+
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+
+
+DAGUERREOTYPE MATERIALS.--Plates, Cases, Passepartoutes, Best and Cheapest.
+To be had in great variety at
+
+McMILLAN'S Wholesale Depot, 132. Fleet Street.
+
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+
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+
+
+BENNETT'S MODEL WATCH, as shown at the GREAT EXHIBITION, No. 1. Class X.,
+in Gold and Silver Cases, in five qualities, and adapted to all Climates,
+may now be had at the MANUFACTORY, 65. CHEAPSIDE. Superior Gold London-made
+Patent Levers, 17, 15, and 12 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 4
+guineas. First-rate Geneva Levers, in Gold Cases, 12, 10, and 8 guineas.
+Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 5 guineas. Superior Lever, with
+Chronometer Balance, Gold, 27, 23, and 19 guineas. Bennett's Pocket
+Chronometer, Gold, 50 guineas; Silver, 40 guineas. Every Watch skilfully
+examined, timed, and its performance guaranteed. Barometers, 2l., 3l., and
+4l. Thermometers from 1s. each.
+
+BENNETT, Watch, Clock, and Instrument Maker to the Royal Observatory, the
+Board of Ordnance, the Admiralty, and the Queen,
+
+65. CHEAPSIDE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PHOTOGRAPHIC PICTURES.--A Selection of the above beautiful Productions
+(comprising Views in VENICE, PARIS, RUSSIA, NUBIA, &c.) may be seen at
+BLAND & LONG'S, 153. Fleet Street, where may also be procured Apparatus of
+every Description, and pure Chemicals for the practice of Photography in
+all its Branches.
+
+Calotype, Daguerreotype, and Glass Pictures for the Stereoscope.
+
+*** Catalogues may be had on application.
+
+BLAND & LONG, Opticians, Philosophical and Photographical Instrument
+Makers, and Operative Chemists, 153. Fleet Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PHOTOGRAPHY.--HORNE & CO.'S Iodized Collodion, for obtaining Instantaneous
+Views, and Portraits in from three to thirty seconds, according to light.
+
+Portraits obtained by the above, for delicacy of detail rival the choicest
+Daguerreotypes, specimens of which may be seen at their Establishment.
+
+Also every description of Apparatus, Chemicals, &c. &c. used in this
+beautiful Art.--123. and 121. Newgate Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PHOTOGRAPHIC PAPER.--Negative and Positive Papers of Whatman's, Turner's,
+Sanford's, and Canson Freres' make. Waxed-Paper for Le Gray's Process.
+Iodized and Sensitive Paper for every kind of Photography.
+
+Sold by JOHN SANFORD, Photographic Stationer, Aldine Chambers, 13.
+Paternoster Row, London.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+IMPROVEMENT IN COLLODION.--J.B. HOCKIN & CO., Chemists, 289. Strand, have,
+by an improved mode of Iodizing, succeeded in producing a Collodion equal,
+they may say superior, in sensitiveness and density of Negative, to any
+other hitherto published; without diminishing the keeping properties and
+appreciation of half tint for which their manufacture has been esteemed.
+
+Apparatus, pure Chemicals, and all the requirements for the practice of
+Photography. Instruction in the Art.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERAS.--OTTEWILL'S REGISTERED DOUBLE-BODIED FOLDING CAMERA,
+is superior to every other form of Camera, for the Photographic Tourist,
+from its capability of Elongation or Contraction to any Focal Adjustment,
+its extreme Portability, and its adaptation for taking either Views or
+Portraits.
+
+Every Description of Camera, or Slides, Tripod Stands, Printing Frames,
+&c., may be obtained at his MANUFACTORY, Charlotte Terrace, Barnsbury Road,
+Islington.
+
+New Inventions, Models, &c., made to order or from Drawings.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+W. H. HART, RECORD AGENT and LEGAL ANTIQUARIAN (who is in the possession of
+Indices to many of the early Public Records whereby his Inquiries are
+greatly facilitated) begs to inform Authors and Gentlemen engaged in
+Antiquarian or Literary Pursuits, that he is prepared to undertake searches
+among the Public Records, MSS. in the British Museum, Ancient Wills, or
+other Depositories of a similar Nature, in any Branch of Literature,
+History, Topography, Genealogy, or the like, and in which he has had
+considerable experience.
+
+1. ALBERT TERRACE, NEW CROSS, HATCHAM, SURREY.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+{308} MURRAY'S RAILWAY READING.
+
+Just ready, with Woodcuts, fcap. 8vo., 1s.
+
+THE GUILLOTINE. An Historical Essay. By the RIGHT HON. JOHN WILSON CROKER.
+Reprinted from "The Quarterly Review."
+
+The former Volumes of this Series are--
+
+LOCKHART'S ANCIENT SPANISH BALLADS.
+
+HOLLWAY'S MONTH IN NORWAY.
+
+LORD CAMPBELL'S LIFE OF LORD BACON.
+
+WELLINGTON. By JULES MAUREL.
+
+DEAN MILMAN'S FALL OF JERUSALEM.
+
+LIFE OF THEODORE HOOK.
+
+LORD MAHON'S STORY OF JOAN OF ARC.
+
+HALLAM'S LITERARY ESSAYS AND CHARACTERS.
+
+THE EMIGRANT. By SIR F. B. HEAD.
+
+WELLINGTON. By LORD ELLESMERE.
+
+MUSIC AND DRESS. By a LADY.
+
+LAYARD'S POPULAR ACCOUNT OF NINEVEH.
+
+BEES AND FLOWERS. By a CLERGYMAN.
+
+LORD MAHON'S HISTORY OF THE "FORTY-FIVE."
+
+ESSAYS FROM "THE TIMES."
+
+GIFFARD'S DEEDS OF NAVAL DARING.
+
+THE ART OF DINING.
+
+OLIPHANT'S JOURNEY TO NEPAUL.
+
+THE CHACE, THE TURF, AND THE ROAD. By NIMROD.
+
+JAMES' FABLES OF AESOP.
+
+To be followed by
+
+BEAUTIES OF BYRON: PROSE AND VERSE.
+
+A SECOND SERIES OF ESSAYS FROM "THE TIMES."
+
+The ANCIENT EGYPTIANS. By SIR J. G. WILKINSON.
+
+JOHN MURRAY, Albemarle Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+COMPLETION OF THE WORK.--On the 30th September, cloth 1s.; by Post, 1s.
+6d., pp. 192.--WELSH SKETCHES, THIRD (and Last) SERIES. By the Author of
+"Proposals for Christian Union." Contents:--1. Edward the Black Prince. 2.
+Owen Glendower, Prince of Wales. 3. Mediaeval Bardism. 4. The Welsh Church.
+
+London: JAMES DARLING, 81. Great Queen Street, Lincoln's Inn Fields.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Now ready, price 25s., Second Edition, revised and corrected. Dedicated by
+Special Permission to THE (LATE) ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY.
+
+PSALMS AND HYMNS FOR THE SERVICE OF THE CHURCH. The words selected by the
+Very Rev. H. H. MILMAN, D.D., Dean of St. Paul's. The Music arranged for
+Four Voices, but applicable also to Two or One, including Chants for the
+Services. Responses to the Commandments, and a Concise SYSTEM OF CHANTING,
+by J. B. SALE. Musical Instructor and Organist to Her Majesty. 4to., neat,
+in morocco cloth, price 25s. To be had of Mr. J. B. SALE, 21. Holywell
+Street, Millbank, Westminster, on the receipt of a Post-office Order for
+that amount: and, by order, of the principal Booksellers and Music
+Warehouses.
+
+    "A great advance on the works we have hitherto had, connected with our
+    Church and Cathedral Service."--_Times._
+
+    "A collection of Psalm Tunes certainly unequalled in this
+    country."--_Literary Gazette._
+
+    "One of the best collections of tunes which we have yet seen. Well
+    merits the distinguished patronage under which it appears."--_Musical
+    World._
+
+    "A collection of Psalms and Hymns, together with a system of Chanting
+    of a very superior character to any which has hitherto
+    appeared."--_John Bull._
+
+London: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.
+
+Also, lately published,
+
+J. B. SALE'S SANCTUS, COMMANDMENTS and CHANTS as performed at the Chapel
+Royal St. James, price 2s.
+
+C. LONSDALE, 26. Old Bond Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+TO NUMISMATISTS, &c.--For Sale, on Moderate Terms, a considerable portion
+of the celebrated French Work entitled TRESOR DE NUMISMATIQUE ET DE
+GLYPTIQUE published under the Superintendence of MM. PAUL DELAROCHE,
+HENRIQUEL DUPONT, and CHARLES LENORMANT; 15 Parts. Paris, 1836. Royal
+folio, eight bound and seven unbound, in good condition, price Fifteen
+Guineas. For farther particulars, apply to
+
+MR. GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street, Where the Work may be seen.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION.--An EXHIBITION of PICTURES, by the most
+celebrated French, Italian, and English Photographers, embracing Views of
+the principal Countries and Cities of Europe, is now OPEN. Admission 6d. A
+Portrait taken by MR. TALBOT'S Patent Process, One Guinea; Three extra
+Copies for 10s.
+
+PHOTOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION, 168. NEW BOND STREET.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERA for SALE.--To be disposed of, A PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERA,
+with Combination Achromatic Lenses, and Apparatus for the Daguerreotype and
+Collodion Processes. Price 5l. 10s.
+
+Apply to E. FLOWER, 32. Gell Street, Sheffield.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+TO ALL WHO HAVE FARMS OR GARDENS.
+
+THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE.
+
+(The Horticultural Part edited by PROF. LINDLEY,)
+
+Of Saturday, September 17, contains Articles on
+
+  Agricultural College examinations
+  Anacharis alsinastrum, by Mr. Marshall
+  Antwerp, effect of the winter at
+  Arachis, oil of
+  Ash tree, leaves of
+  Books noticed
+  Bossiaeas
+  Burnturk farm, noticed
+  Calendar, horticultural
+  ---- agricultural
+  Cider apple trees
+  Cineraria, culture of
+  Climate of Antwerp
+  ---- of India (with engraving)
+  College (Agr.) examinations
+  Conifers, new applications of leaves of, by M. Seemann
+  Coppice, how to prepare for fruit trees
+  Dahlias at Surrey show
+  Drainage discussion
+  Evergreens at Antwerp, effect of the winter on
+  Gomphrena amaranthus
+  Grass land, to improve
+  Ground nuts
+  Gymnopsis uniserialis
+  Henderson's (Messrs. E. G.) nursery
+  Hop mould
+  India, climate of (with engraving)
+  Leaves of the ash tree
+  Leschenaultia formosa
+  Manure, saw-dust as, by Mr. Mackenzie
+  Manuring, liquid
+  Martin Doyle
+  Milk preserving, by Mr. Symington
+  Newcastle Farmers' Club
+  Nuts, ground
+  Onions, by Mr. Symons
+  Orchard houses
+  Pig breeding farm, by Mr. Hulme
+  Pine wool, by M. Seemann
+  Plants, variegated, by Mr. Mackenzie
+  ---- vitality of
+  ---- new
+  Plums, Dowling's
+  Potato sets, dried, by Mr. Goodiff
+  Radish, Black Spanish
+  Reaping machines
+  Sawdust as manure, by Mr. Mackenzie
+  Sobralia fragrans
+  Steam culture
+  Stock, does live, pay? by Mr. Mechi
+  ---- value of, in the United States, by Mr. Shechan
+  Village excursions
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE and AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE contains, in addition to
+the above, the Covent Garden, Mark Lane, Smithfield, and Liverpool prices,
+with returns from the Potato, Hop, Hay, Coal, Timber, Bark, Wool, and Seed
+Markets, and a _complete Newspaper, with a condensed account of all the
+transactions of the week_.
+
+ORDER of any Newsvender. OFFICE for Advertisements, 5. Upper Wellington
+Street, Covent Garden, London.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+BEST HISTORY OF FRANCE.
+
+Price 5s. cloth, lettered.
+
+BONNECHOSE'S HISTORY OF FRANCE, translated by W. ROBSON, Translator of
+Michaud's "History of the Crusades."
+
+"This work is in general use in all the French schools, and the French
+Academy have recently decreed the Author the first Montyon prize."
+
+London: GEORGE ROUTLEDGE & CO., Farringdon Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+This Day is published, price 10s. 6d., the Second Volume of MISS AGNES
+STRICKLAND'S LIFE OF MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS, forming the Fourth Volume of her
+LIVES OF THE QUEENS OF SCOTLAND, and English Princesses connected with the
+Regal Succession. With a Portrait of Mary at the Age of Twenty-five, from
+the Original Painting presented by herself to Sir Henry Curwen of Workinton
+Hall.
+
+WILLIAM BLACKWOOD & SONS, Edinburgh and London.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 10. Stonefield Street, in the Parish
+of St. Mary, Islington, at No. 5. New Street Square, in the Parish of St.
+Bride, in the City of London; and published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186.
+Fleet Street, in the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of
+London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.--Saturday, September
+24. 1853.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Corrections made to printed original.
+
+page 290, "What were they?": 'What where they' in original.
+
+page 305, in the two expressions after "Let the number in question be" the
+final superscript (n) was printed as a subscript
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 204,
+September 24, 1853, by Various
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES ***
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