initial commit of ebook 25932HEADmain

1 files changed, 2301 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/25932-8.txt b/25932-8.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..235a4f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/25932-8.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2301 @@
+Project Gutenberg's Short History of the London Rifle Brigade, by Unknown
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Short History of the London Rifle Brigade
+
+Author: Unknown
+
+Release Date: June 29, 2008 [EBook #25932]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK LONDON RIFLE BRIGADE ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Suzanne Lybarger, Internet Archive: Canadian
+Libraries, Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
+https://www.pgdp.net and the booksmiths at
+http://www.eBookForge.net
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+_Frontispiece._
+
+[Illustration: _Photo: Underwood & Underwood._
+
+  LT.-COL. N. C. KING, T.D.,  LT.-COL. G. R. TOD,  LT.-COL. A. S. BATES,
+    Comdg. 3rd Battn.          Comdg. 2nd Battn.         D.S.O.,
+                                                    Comdg. 1st Battn.]
+
+
+
+
+SHORT HISTORY
+
+OF THE
+
+LONDON RIFLE BRIGADE
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+_Compiled Regimentally_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+          ALDERSHOT:
+          PRINTED BY GALE & POLDEN LTD.,
+          WELLINGTON WORKS.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+1916.
+
+[Blank Page]
+
+
+
+
+NOTE
+
+
+Pending the full pre-war history, which is to be written by better
+hands, the very sketchy outline in Part I. is given in order to form the
+connecting link between the Regiment in peace, since its formation, and
+the present time.
+
+It does not attempt to give the smallest idea of the hard work, often
+accomplished under disadvantageous circumstances, carried out by all
+ranks, which made possible the work done in the war.
+
+That the Regiment even now exists is solely due to Lieut.-Colonel Lord
+Bingham (now Brigadier-General the Earl of Lucan), whose cheery optimism
+through the dark times previous to the birth of the Territorial Force
+was such a great tower of strength.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Any profits which may accrue from this pamphlet will be given to the
+London Rifle Brigade Prisoners' Aid Fund.
+
+_October, 1916._
+
+
+
+
+CONTENTS
+
+
+                                   PAGE
+
+  Part I                              1
+
+  Part II                             7
+
+  Second Battalion                   30
+
+  Third Battalion                    31
+
+  Administrative Centre              33
+
+  Appendix A                         35
+
+  Appendix B                         39
+
+  Appendix C                         40
+
+  Appendix D                         45
+
+  Appendix E                         46
+
+  Appendix F                         47
+
+
+
+
+SHORT HISTORY
+
+OF THE
+
+LONDON RIFLE BRIGADE
+
+
+
+
+
+PART I.
+
+
+[Sidenote: =Formation.=]
+
+The London Rifle Brigade, formerly the 1st London Volunteer Rifle Corps
+(City of London Rifle Volunteer Brigade), and now, officially, the 5th
+(City of London) Battalion, The London Regiment, London Rifle Brigade,
+familiarly known to its members and the public generally by the
+sub-title or the abbreviation "L.R.B.," was founded July 23rd, 1859, at
+a meeting convened by the Lord Mayor. It has always been intimately
+associated with the City of London, its companies being under the
+patronage of the various Wards.
+
+Within a week of its formation the muster of the Regiment exceeded
+1,800; two battalions were formed and headquarters were taken at No. 8,
+Great Winchester Street, where they remained for 34 years, and
+subsequently in Finsbury Pavement.
+
+In 1893 the Regiment entered its present headquarters in Bunhill Row.
+These were designed by the late Lieut.-Colonel Boyes, erected entirely
+from regimental funds, supplemented by contributions from members of the
+Brigade, from various City Companies and other friends of the Regiment,
+and constitute the finest building of its kind in London.
+
+Since the formation of the Territorial Force these headquarters have
+been shared with the Post Office Rifles.
+
+[Sidenote: =Honorary Colonel.=]
+
+Mr. Alderman Carter was at first appointed Honorary Colonel, but in 1860
+it was suggested that a military Honorary Colonel would be more
+appropriate than a civilian one, and Mr. Carter (then Lord Mayor)
+approached H.R.H. the Duke of Cambridge, who, in response to the
+unanimous wish of the Regiment, accepted the appointment, which he held
+until his death in 1904. During this period he rarely missed attending
+the annual inspection.
+
+[Sidenote: =Commanding Officers.=]
+
+In 1862 a resolution was passed at a meeting "that Regimental Commanding
+Officers should now and always be Officers of professional experience
+and ability." This tradition has been departed from on only two
+occasions prior to the war, as shown in the list given on the following
+page.
+
+                 NAME.                  FROM.              TO.
+
+  G. M. Hicks (late 41st Regiment)     30/12/59          January, 1862.
+  G. Warde (late 51st Regiment)        February, 1862    Early, 1876.
+  Sir A. D. Hayter, Bt. (late          Early, 1876       1881.
+    Grenadier Guards)
+  W. H. Haywood (Ex London Rifle       1881              1882.
+    Brigade)
+  Lord Edward Pelham-Clinton           June, 1882        1890.
+    (late Rifle Brigade)
+  H. C. Cholmondeley (late Rifle       1890              February, 1901.
+    Brigade)
+  Edward Matthey (Ex London Rifle      February, 1901    4/6/01.
+    Brigade)
+  Lord Bingham (late Rifle Brigade)    June, 1901        1913.
+  Earl Cairns (late Rifle Brigade)     1913              1915.
+  Norman C. King (Ex London Rifle      1915
+    Brigade)
+
+
+  _1st Battalion._
+
+  Earl Cairns                          4/8/14            16/3/15.
+  A. S. Bates (Ex London Rifle         16/3/15           15/8/16.
+     Brigade)
+  R. H. Husey (Ex London Rifle         15/8/16
+     Brigade)
+
+
+  _2nd Battalion._
+
+  G. R. Tod (late Seaforth             September, 1914
+     Highlanders)
+
+
+  _3rd Battalion._
+
+  H. C. Cholmondeley                   30/11/14          1915.
+  Norman C. King                       4/6/15
+
+[Sidenote: =South African War.=]
+
+Colonel Cholmondeley was appointed to command the Mounted Infantry
+Section of the C.I.V., to which regiment the London Rifle Brigade
+contributed 2 officers (Captain C. G. R. Matthey and Lieutenant the Hon.
+Schomberg K. McDonnell) and 78 other ranks.
+
+When the Volunteer Active Service Companies were raised, 17 members were
+accepted for service with the Royal Fusiliers, and an additional 76
+joined the Imperial Yeomanry and R.A.M.C.
+
+The total death roll of the Regiment was seven.
+
+Colonel Cholmondeley, Lieutenant E. D. Johnson (Imperial Yeomanry), and
+Colour-Sergeant T. G. Beeton (C.I.V. Infantry) were mentioned in
+despatches.
+
+[Sidenote: =Honours.=]
+
+Colonel Cholmondeley received the C.B. for his services in South Africa,
+and Lieutenant the Hon. Rupert Guinness was made a C.M.G. for his work
+with the Irish Hospital.
+
+When the Coronation honours were announced in 1902, Colonel Edward
+Matthey, V.D., received the C.B., a fitting award for his long services
+to the Volunteer Force. Before joining the L.R.B. in 1873 as a private
+he had already been 13 years in the Victoria Rifles. He retired in 1901,
+having served in every rank. His interest in the Regiment has been, and
+still is, without limit.
+
+_To face page 4._
+
+[Illustration: THE CONVENT.
+
+_8th to 16th November, 1914._]
+
+The work he has done for its welfare, while still serving, and since
+retirement, cannot be chronicled here, but, when the full history of the
+Regiment is written, Colonel Matthey's name will be found writ large on
+its pages.
+
+_To face page 5._
+
+[Illustration: PLOEGSTEERT.
+
+_The Brewery--The Battalion's First Bath house._]
+
+[Sidenote: =Battle Honours.=]
+
+In January, 1905, the Regiment was given the right to bear upon its
+"Colours and appointments" the words "South Africa, 1900-1902."
+
+[Sidenote: =Shooting.=]
+
+The London Rifle Brigade has always been distinguished as a shooting
+regiment. In the very first year of its existence its co-operation was
+sought in connection with the formation of the National Rifle
+Association. In 1907 it had no less than a dozen International marksmen
+in its ranks.
+
+The earliest notable individual success was that of Private J. Wyatt,
+who won the Queen's Prize in 1864.
+
+On two more occasions has the Blue Riband of the shooting world been won
+by members of the Regiment--in 1902 by Lieutenant E. D. Johnson, and in
+1909 by Corporal H. G. Burr.
+
+Regimental teams have been very successful both at the National Rifle
+Association and the London district meetings. At the latter the "Daily
+Telegraph" Cup was won two years in succession (1897 and 1898).
+
+[Sidenote: =School of Arms.=]
+
+This was second to none in the Territorial Force. Its Annual
+Assault-at-Arms provided as stirring a spectacle as could be witnessed
+anywhere. For many years past the Brigade achieved notable successes at
+the Royal Military Tournament and in the competitions of the
+Metropolitan Territorial School of Arms Association.
+
+[Sidenote: =Athletics.=]
+
+The Battalion always took part in the various contests between the
+Territorial Regiments with considerable success. The most notable of
+late were the following:--The "Marathon" Race in the Territorial
+Championship of the London District, 1913, when Captain Husey and the
+London Rifle Brigade team won it in the record time of 1 hr. 33 min. 37
+sec.; the distance was 12 miles, from Ewell to Stamford Bridge. The
+national contest at Newport did not produce such a good time, the London
+Rifle Brigade team winning it in 1 hr. 48 min. 14 sec.
+
+The march to Brighton of 52½ miles for a team of sixty of all ranks, in
+full marching order, was accomplished in 1914 by a London Rifle Brigade
+team, under Captain Husey and Lieutenant Large, in the record time of 14
+hrs. 23 min. The war has not given any other battalion a chance to lower
+the latter record, and it will assuredly take "some doing."
+
+
+
+
+
+PART II.
+
+
+[Sidenote: =Mobilisation.=]
+
+The Battalion mobilised on the outbreak of war. It had actually gone
+into camp at Eastbourne, but was brought back to London within a few
+hours of its arrival.
+
+A second and third Battalion were soon formed. (See pp. 30, 31.)
+
+
+FIRST BATTALION.
+
+Making stays of varying duration en route at Wimbledon, Hersham, and
+Bisley (for three weeks), the 1st Battalion finally reached Crowborough,
+where it remained under canvas until ordered abroad.
+
+It embarked on November 4th, 1914. The following were the officers:--
+
+          Lieut.-Col. W. D. Earl Cairns (Commanding).
+
+          Lieut.-Col. (Hon. Col.) C. G. R. Matthey, V.D.
+          (Second-in-Command).
+
+          Major.--N. C. King, T.D.
+
+          Captains.--A. S. Bates, M. H. Soames, R. H. Husey,
+          C. H. F. Thompson, H. F. MacGeagh, J. R.
+          Somers-Smith, A. L. Lintott, and Hon. Major C. D.
+          Burnell.
+
+          Lieutenants.--R. E. Otter, J. G. Robinson, G. H.
+          Morrison, E. L. Large, P. A. Slessor, H. B. Price,
+          A. G. Kirby, G. H. Cholmeley.
+
+          Second-Lieutenants.--K. Forbes, G. H. G. M.
+          Cartwright, W. L. Willett, H. L. Johnston, C. W.
+          Trevelyan, H. G. Vincent, G. E. S. Fursdon, G. C.
+          Kitchin.
+
+          Adjutant.--Captain A. C. Oppenheim, K.R.R.C.
+
+          Quartermaster.--Lieutenant J. R. S. Petersen.
+
+          Medical Officer.--Major A. D. Ducat, T.D.
+
+The following short account is written in constant remembrance of the
+censorship regulations, and with a view to giving a faint outline of its
+doings to those who were not out with the 1st Battalion in France. It
+will be an aid to memory to those who were with it, and are fortunate in
+being able to look back on a time when the 1st Battalion undoubtedly
+reached its zenith.
+
+Never can any Battalion of the Regiment be better than was the 1st
+London Rifle Brigade in 1914-15. That all will endeavour to be as good
+is quite certain.
+
+[Sidenote: =1914. Nov. 5th.=]
+
+The Battalion arrived in France. Disembarkation was a tedious business,
+and the progress through the town to the rest camp at the top of the
+hill was one of the worst forms of route march the Battalion had ever
+experienced. Frequent checks, but no halts, taught the true weight of
+packs and kit; and a perfunctory inspection on arrival at the camp
+completed the exhaustion.
+
+For the next three weeks the history of the Battalion was one common to
+those Territorial units which were sent out as lone Battalions about
+that time. It comprised a glorious uncertainty, which troops coming out
+earlier and later in complete divisions cannot have experienced. For
+instance, on landing it was learnt, quite by accident, but on excellent
+authority, that officers no longer wore Sam Browne belts or carried
+swords. A frantic rush at the last moment procured web equipment just
+before the parade to entrain. Swords and belts were left at the base.
+
+[Sidenote: =Nov. 6th.=]
+
+There was much to learn about entrainment in France. An advance party
+had been sent forward some two hours earlier, and the rest of the
+Battalion and the transport were at the station by 4 p.m. The train was
+not due to leave until 9 p.m. French trains and the French railway
+system became familiar later on in all their ramifications, but at first
+"Hommes 40 Chevaux (en long) 8" aroused suspicions that were only too
+well justified in the next 21½ hours before the train reached its
+destination. The experience was not a unique one.
+
+[Sidenote: =Nov. 7th.=]
+
+On arrival at General Headquarters it was found that the Battalion was
+not even expected, and no arrangements had been made for the night.
+After a wait of three hours in the train, the Battalion moved off into
+some old artillery barracks, which were destined to become more familiar
+later on. The quarters were, at that time, about as dismal and dirty as
+can be imagined.
+
+[Sidenote: =Nov. 8th.=]
+
+The Battalion marched out some three and a half miles to a large
+unfurnished and unfinished convent, which accommodated the entire
+strength.
+
+There was no water laid on, no light, no method of heating or of drying
+clothes, no furniture, and no possibility of supplementing rations. The
+only bright spot was the first introduction to the rum ration.
+
+Training, which consisted chiefly of trench digging and artillery
+formation, was carried out daily regardless of the weather.
+
+The Battalion was apparently considered to be up to the required
+standard of efficiency and hardness, or else the authorities had not the
+heart to keep it there longer, for on the 15th orders were received to
+march the next day.
+
+[Sidenote: =Nov. 16th.=]
+
+The distance was 17½ miles, and the roads _pavée_ almost the whole way.
+There was also some rain. In spite, however, of the absence of other
+Battalions to keep them on their mettle, not a single man fell out of
+the column.
+
+[Sidenote: =Nov. 17th.=]
+
+Except for bruised feet, the march next day, about 11 miles, was not
+very trying. Two nights were spent at this town, where the Artists and
+Honourable Artillery Company were also in billets.
+
+While on the march it had been possible, for the first time, to see
+aeroplanes being shelled, and, while in these billets, the Battalion
+learnt what it meant to see the remnants of a Brigade come out of
+action.
+
+[Sidenote: =Nov. 19th.=]
+
+The Battalion moved one stage nearer to the firing line in a snow-storm.
+
+[Sidenote: =Nov. 20th.=]
+
+Brigadier-General Hunter Weston paid the Battalion a visit, and
+addressed the Officers. He gave a short account of the 11th Infantry
+Brigade, which he commanded, and to which the London Rifle Brigade was
+attached, and outlined the scheme of training. Half-companies were to be
+attached to Regular Battalions for a spell in the trenches, the men
+being scattered amongst the Regulars. As soon as their worth had been
+proved, half-companies were to be put in the line intact, and later
+whole companies.
+
+At dusk on this date half the Battalion proceeded viâ Ploegsteert to the
+trenches.
+
+[Sidenote: =Nov. 21st.=]
+
+For some unknown reason the Battalion had not been permitted to adopt
+the "double company system" in England, but on this date the change was
+made with half the Battalion absent in the trenches.
+
+"A" and "D" Companies became No. 1, under Major King.
+
+"E" and "O" Companies became No. 2, under Captain Soames.
+
+"G" and "P" Companies became No. 3, under Major Burnell.
+
+"H" and "Q" Companies became No. 4, under Captain Bates.
+
+_To face page 12._
+
+[Illustration: PLOEGSTEERT.
+
+_Experimenting with a Rifle Grenade._
+
+From Left to Right:--LIEUT.-COL. EARL CAIRNS, C.M.G., COL.-SGT. OVER,
+STAFF-SGT. (NOW REGTL. SGT.-MAJ.) ADAMS, AND CAPT. OPPENHEIM, D.S.O.]
+
+For the purposes of reference, these companies will be referred to as A,
+B, C, and D respectively, though, owing to the confusion that might have
+arisen with the old letters, this nomenclature was not actually adopted
+till after the second battle of Ypres.
+
+Up to December 18th the trench training of the London Rifle Brigade
+continued. Platoons and whole companies, gradually working more and more
+on their own, were attached to the Regulars. When not actually in the
+line, the whole day was invariably taken up with "fatigues" of all
+kinds.
+
+A support line in the wood was remade and named Bunhill Row.
+
+It was during this period that the Battalion gained the nicknames
+"London fatigue party" or "Fatigue Fifth," and other affectionate titles
+which would not look well in print.
+
+The Battalion also learnt what it meant to have the "dripping swung on
+it."
+
+The 11th Infantry Brigade was composed of the following Battalions:--
+
+          1st Somerset Light Infantry.
+          1st East Lancashire Regiment.
+          1st Hampshire Regiment.
+          1st Rifle Brigade.
+
+[Sidenote: =Dec. 19th.=]
+
+The object of the attack by the 11th Infantry Brigade in front of
+Ploegsteert Wood on this date was to clear its edges, including
+German House, and, if possible, establish a line in front in the part
+afterwards known as the "birdcage."
+
+_To face page 13._
+
+[Illustration: PLOEGSTEERT WOOD.]
+
+The Somerset Light Infantry and Rifle Brigade attacked. The London Rifle
+Brigade was in support. The weather could not have been worse, and the
+ground was impossible. The result was that the wood was cleared, and
+German House remained in No Man's Land.
+
+The London Rifle Brigade was not called upon to continue the attack.
+This was the first experience the Battalion had of anything like heavy
+artillery fire, and also of the difficulty of consolidating at night in
+an unknown bit of ground. Two half-companies were engaged in assisting
+in this work, while the rest of the Battalion spent a miserable night in
+the marshes in the wood.
+
+[Sidenote: =Dec. 23rd.=]
+
+Each of the four companies was definitely attached, as a fifth company,
+to one of the Regular Battalions--"A" to the East Lancs, "B" to the
+Somerset Light Infantry, "C" to the Hants, and "D" to the Rifle Brigade.
+
+All four companies of the London Rifle Brigade being in the front line
+on the same night, it so happened that before the end of 1914 a
+Territorial Battalion held the whole of a Regular Brigade's front with
+the exception of half a company on the extreme left.
+
+[Sidenote: =1915.=]
+
+[Sidenote: =Jan. 5th.=]
+
+The London Rifle Brigade was taken out of the trenches preparatory to
+taking over a bit of line of its own on the right of the 11th Brigade.
+
+Owing to the incursions of the river Warnave, this trench was in a very
+poor state of repair and badly flooded.
+
+The dispositions of the Battalion were--one company in the front trench,
+one in London Farm and its environs (this supplied the night-carrying
+and working parties), one company, which was used for general fatigues
+for the Brigade, in reserve in Ploegsteert, and one company resting,
+washing, and cleaning in billets at Armentières. Every company spent
+three days in each place, and in many ways this was the most comfortable
+tour of duty the Battalion ever had.
+
+The men made themselves thoroughly at home in the cottages of the
+village, while the three days' rest in Armentières owed much of its
+enjoyment to the initiative shown by the 4th Division in organising both
+divisional baths and divisional Follies.
+
+Headquarters and various details, which included for the first time a
+permanent working and wiring party, were, of course, always "in action"
+in Ploegsteert.
+
+[Sidenote: =Mar. 11th--20th.=]
+
+This was a period of "standing by" and various small moves, but
+eventually, after three days in the East Lancashires' trenches in front
+of the Convent, the Battalion took over the centre section in the wood
+on the 21st March.
+
+Lieut.-Colonel Earl Cairns, C.M.G., owing to ill-health, left the
+Battalion on March 16th, and Major A. S. Bates took over command.
+
+[Sidenote: =Mar. 21st--Apl. 17th.=]
+
+The section was held with three companies in the wood, and the fourth in
+reserve in the village. The other battalions of the 11th Brigade went
+into rest on the 16th, and the London Rifle Brigade came out last on the
+next day. The 11th Infantry Brigade was relieved by a brigade of the
+South Midland Division.
+
+The following extract from a letter shows the change of conditions
+between the first and second sojourn of the Battalion in the wood:--
+
+"We are back again in the wood, and really almost glad, though I expect
+you will hardly believe it. Our quota of work in the winter no doubt did
+a good deal towards the transformation, and spring is now helping
+matters. The corduroy no longer stops at the worst parts, where we used
+to hold our breaths and make a dive for it. Hunter Avenue, and right
+beyond it to the end of the wood, is now quite a pleasant walk. Rations
+and carrying parties, though they have developed a rather peculiar gait,
+can progress at a reasonable pace, and have no need to wade so long as
+they keep to the boards. On either side, however, we still have a
+reminder of the nightmare that is past. The possibility of getting
+material up has a corresponding effect on the work in the trenches. The
+trench we were in on December 9th, which we could not conceive ever
+being anything but a drain, has now found its proper use. It has a new
+C.T. behind, and breastworks pushed out in front into the hedge, with
+little bridges across to each; so that altogether everything in the
+garden is as near lovely as can be."
+
+The Bishop of London, the Senior Chaplain to the Regiment, during his
+visit to the front, came to Ploegsteert on April 3rd, and celebrated
+Holy Communion for the Battalion on Easter Sunday. He also consecrated
+the Battalion's graveyard in the village.
+
+His regret at not being allowed to see the members of the Battalion in
+the trenches was shared by all ranks.
+
+[Sidenote: =April 17th.=]
+
+Two brigades had been withdrawn to the neighbourhood of Steenwerck by
+this date, and the 4th Division started its first period of rest since
+the Retreat.
+
+[Sidenote: =April 24th.=]
+
+Orders were received on the 22nd for these brigades to be ready to move
+at an hour's notice. The London Rifle Brigade actually entrained at
+mid-day on the 24th, and spent the night in billets outside Poperinghe,
+moving off at 5.30 a.m. next morning to the outskirts of Vlamertinghe.
+It stopped there till 6 p.m., when it paraded with the rest of the
+Brigade (less the East Lancashires) to go into the Salient.
+
+[Sidenote: =Second Battle of Ypres.=]
+
+Since the first gas attack on the evening of April 22nd, little definite
+information had been available as to the situation between the left of
+the 28th Division (some 1,000 yards N.N.E. of Zonnebeke) and along the
+whole north side of the Salient down to the canal near Boesinghe. The
+Canadians had held on with the grimmest determination in the
+neighbourhood of St. Julian, while what became to be known as Geddes'
+force held the line from the canal up to the Canadians. Geddes' force
+consisted originally of the supports and reserves (isolated companies
+and battalions) from the south and east sides of the Salient. By the
+night of the 25th this force had been supplemented by the 10th Brigade,
+the Northumbrian Territorial Division, the Lahore Division, and the 13th
+Brigade from the 5th Division.
+
+
+[Sidenote: =April 25th.=]
+
+The 11th Brigade was ordered on this night to join up the left of the
+28th Division with the right of the 10th Brigade, and so relieve the
+Canadians, who were still holding out in the neighbourhood of St.
+Julian.
+
+No information was forthcoming as to the location of either of these
+forces, and it would seem that, instead of one continuous line, there
+were many small parties holding out in isolated groups.
+
+Two officers from each Battalion had been sent up in advance (Captain
+Husey and Lieutenant Johnston from the London Rifle Brigade), but no
+available information could be collected, except that there was
+apparently a gap.
+
+_To face page 18._
+
+[Illustration: BATTALION HEADQUARTERS.
+
+_11th May, 1915._]
+
+That night the Hants joined up with the 28th Division, and prolonged the
+line nearly to the junction of the Zonnebeke-St. Julian and
+Ypres-Passchendale roads. There was, however, still a gap of nearly
+1,000 yards between its left and the rest of the Brigade which had
+prolonged the line from the right of the 10th Brigade and part of the
+Northumbrian Division.
+
+The London Rifle Brigade, being in support, had been instructed to dig
+itself in 600 yards south-east of Fortuin.
+
+[Sidenote: =April 26th.=]
+
+The Battalion did not reach this position until 1.45 a.m., but, thanks
+to an early morning mist, it was able to secure fairly good cover by
+daylight.
+
+On this day, and daily for the next seven days, the Battalion was
+heavily shelled, and suffered a high percentage of casualties, chiefly
+from enfilade fire.
+
+Orders were received for a company to move early in the afternoon and
+take up a position that would join up the gap existing between the
+Somerset Light Infantry and the Hants. "C" Company was detailed, but a
+personal reconnaissance by the Officer Commanding the Company (Major
+Burnell) convinced higher authority that it was not only impossible to
+move the men by day, but that the Hants' left could not be found. Orders
+were accordingly received for the whole Battalion to move at dusk into
+the gap. Moving by a somewhat circuitous route, it arrived at its
+position, and dug in for the second night in succession. Owing to the
+darkness, most, if not all, of the rules as to "artillery formation"
+were of necessity transgressed on this occasion.
+
+_To face page 19._
+
+[Illustration: YSER CANAL.]
+
+The left of its line joined the Somersets, and the right an isolated
+party on the Zonnebeke-St. Julian road, which was supporting the Hants'
+left some 500 yards further forward to the right front.
+
+[Sidenote: =April 28th.=]
+
+It was not until this night that the Rifle Brigade finally dug across
+and joined up with the Hants, so that there was once more a continuous
+line.
+
+[Sidenote: =April 29th.=]
+
+The London Rifle Brigade, having now become the second line, was moved
+up on this night to relieve the 4th East Yorks. The latter, with the 4th
+Yorks, were split up among the Battalions of the 11th Brigade, two
+companies of the latter being attached to the London Rifle Brigade. (The
+East Lancs had rejoined the Brigade by this time.)
+
+[Sidenote: =May 2nd.=]
+
+About 5 p.m., under cover of very heavy shell fire and gas, the Germans
+advanced from the ridge beyond the Haanebeke stream into the dead ground
+on the near side of the stream, where they dug in some 300 yards away,
+though on the left they got up much closer under cover of the houses.
+
+The London Rifle Brigade casualties were very heavy, especially on the
+right, where the ground was more open.
+
+Though the Battalion was affected by the gas for about 10 minutes, there
+was sufficient wind to dissipate it before any serious damage was done.
+
+_To face page 20._
+
+[Illustration: MAJOR A. S. BATES.
+
+_20th May, 1915._]
+
+There is no doubt that, during their advance from about 1,000 yards till
+they got into dead ground, the Germans suffered fairly heavy casualties
+from the rifle fire of the two companies on the right, and this may
+possibly have deterred them from trying to leave the dead ground. With
+the assistance of the two companies of the 4th Yorks and one company of
+the East Lancs, which was also attached to the Battalion, the damage to
+the trenches was almost all repaired during the night, and all the
+wounded were evacuated.
+
+[Sidenote: =May 3rd.=]
+
+On this night the line was readjusted, and the whole Brigade retired
+through the new line in rear without a single casualty.
+
+[Sidenote: =May 4th.=]
+
+The actual withdrawal commenced at 12.45 a.m., commencing from the right
+of Battalions. Wieltje was timed to be reached at 1.45 a.m.
+
+The casualties over the period April 25th to May 4th were 16 officers
+and 392 other ranks.
+
+[Sidenote: =May 4th--8th.=]
+
+These days were spent at various places in the woods behind Vlamertinghe
+resting, reorganising, and dealing with accumulations of mail.
+
+[Sidenote: =May 9th.=]
+
+The Battalion moved early in the morning to the grounds of the Chateau
+at Vlamertinghe. On this night and the next one it had to dig on the
+east side of the canal on the north of La Brique.
+
+_To face page 21._
+
+[Illustration: OFFICERS.
+
+_20th May, 1915._]
+
+[Sidenote: =May 11th.=]
+
+The Battalion moved up to the canal bank, and occupied some very
+insanitary dug-outs, which had not been previously inhabited by British
+troops.
+
+[Sidenote: =May 12th.=]
+
+The London Rifle Brigade took over from the Dublins a section of the
+front line, and was on the extreme right of the 4th Division. A Cavalry
+Division was on its immediate right.
+
+[Sidenote: =May 13th.=]
+
+Extract from Sir John French's despatch:--
+
+          "On the 13th May the heaviest bombardment yet
+          experienced broke out at 4.30 a.m., and continued
+          with little intermission throughout the day. . . .
+          The 5th London Regiment, despite very heavy
+          casualties, maintained their position
+          unfalteringly."
+
+Extract from John Buchan's "History of the War," Vol. VII.:--
+
+          "Early in the morning of Thursday, May 13th, a day
+          of biting north winds and drenching rains, a
+          terrific bombardment began. . . . The infantry on
+          the left of the cavalry were fiercely attacked,
+          but contrived to hold their own. . . . The London
+          Rifle Brigade had lost most of its men in the
+          earlier fighting. It began the day 278 strong, and
+          before evening 91 more had gone. One piece of
+          breastwork was held by Sergeant Douglas Belcher
+          with four survivors and two Hussars, whom he had
+          picked up, and though the trench was blown in,
+          and the Germans attacked with their infantry, he
+          succeeded in bluffing the enemy by rapid fire, and
+          holding the ground until relief came. That gallant
+          stand, for which the Victoria Cross was awarded,
+          saved the right of the 4th Division. . . ."
+
+_To face page 22._
+
+[Illustration: LIEUT. TREVELYAN AND "A" COMPANY.
+
+_20th May, 1915._]
+
+"A" and part of "B" Companies were in the front line. "C" Company
+garrisoned three fortified supporting points. The rest of "B" Company
+and "D" were in support. The reinforcement of the front line commenced
+at about 8 a.m. (the shelling on the Battalion's sector had started at 4
+a.m.). The distance between the front line and the supports was about
+900 yards.
+
+The shelling did not cease till 6 p.m. Later in the evening the
+Battalion was withdrawn to the second line.
+
+Captain Oppenheim, D.S.O., was wounded on this date, and Lieutenant H.
+L. Johnston took over the duties of Adjutant. He was subsequently
+confirmed in the appointment, and held it till April 7th, 1916, when he
+took over command of a company, being succeeded by Captain F. H. Wallis.
+
+[Sidenote: =May 14th.=]
+
+This evening the Battalion moved into the trenches in front of La
+Brique, which it had dug less than a week before.
+
+[Sidenote: =May 15th.=]
+
+The Battalion moved further forward into the second line, and two
+companies of the 6th Battalion Northumberland Fusiliers were attached
+to it.
+
+_To face page 23._
+
+[Illustration: CAPTAIN OTTER AND "B" COMPANY.
+
+_20th May, 1915._]
+
+[Sidenote: =May 16th.=]
+
+The Battalion was withdrawn to the canal bank.
+
+[Sidenote: =May 19th.=]
+
+Orders were received that the London Rifle Brigade was to be withdrawn
+and sent the next day to General Headquarters. The Battalion marched
+that evening to Vlamertinghe, and was billeted there.
+
+[Sidenote: =May 20th.=]
+
+The Battalion marched past the Divisional Commander after he had
+inspected it, and expressed his deep appreciation of all it had done
+since April 25th. It boarded the motor-buses, and proceeded to General
+Headquarters.
+
+The London Rifle Brigade thus left the 4th Division after six months.
+
+The Brigade, Divisional, and Corps Commanders had all personally thanked
+the Battalion for the work it had done, and congratulated it on its
+behaviour under the most trying circumstances. But perhaps even more
+valued were the farewell letters from the Battalions of the 11th
+Brigade, showing, as they did, that they really felt the London Rifle
+Brigade to have become part of their Regular Brigade.
+
+The London Rifle Brigade arrived at Tatinghem, and enjoyed ten days'
+complete rest during perfect weather.
+
+The Rangers and Kensingtons had also been withdrawn from the line.
+
+_To face page 24._
+
+[Illustration: SEC.-LIEUT. F. D. CHARLES AND "C" COMPANY.
+
+_20th May, 1915._]
+
+[Sidenote: =June 1st.=]
+
+These three Battalions were amalgamated for work on lines of
+communications. This entailed the handing over of all the active service
+equipment, and also all transport. The latter was a bitter blow, as the
+work of the transport, personnel, and animals had been beyond all
+praise. It is worth noting that in spite of the very heavy work of the
+previous four weeks the transport had actually accomplished the
+thirty-mile trek from the Salient in under 20 hours.
+
+[Sidenote: =Lines of Communication.=]
+
+[Sidenote: =June 1st--Oct. 1st.=]
+
+This period calls for no detailed treatment. Headquarters, and the
+balance of the men not employed at the different railheads, remained at
+St. Omer, first in the artillery barracks, and from July 1st under
+canvas.
+
+The numbers at the various railheads altered very considerably from time
+to time, e.g., on June 6th 210 other ranks were scattered over fifteen
+stations, and on September 24th there were 374 other ranks at twenty-one
+different stations.
+
+In addition to these details, the Battalion was called upon to furnish
+escorts and large parties for detraining work.
+
+During the battle of Loos the Kensingtons and London Rifle Brigade
+between them furnished all the escorts for German prisoners, every
+available man, including grooms and officers' servants, being used.
+
+The variety of the work on lines of communication provided scope for
+every type of individual--clerks to R.T.O.'s, telephone operators,
+guards, shell fuse setters, navvies on coal wharves, caretakers of a
+horse rest camp, hospital orderlies--while from time to time at small
+stations non-commissioned officers were left in complete charge.
+
+_To face page 25._
+
+[Illustration: SEC.-LIEUT. WALLIS AND "D" COMPANY.
+
+_20th May, 1915._]
+
+From September 2nd to 30th the following four officers were lent to the
+Gas Brigade, and took part in the battle of Loos:--Captain R. E. Otter,
+Lieutenant F. H. Wallis, and Sec.-Lieutenants A. B. White and F. D.
+Charles.
+
+On August 9th the composite Battalion was broken up, and each unit
+regained its individuality. This did not make any practical difference
+until October 2nd, when the London Rifle Brigade was transferred from
+the lines of communication to General Headquarters troops, and marched
+to Blendecques, the band of the Artists being kindly lent by their
+Commanding Officer to play it out.
+
+While the Battalion was under canvas at General Headquarters, the
+officers messed in the Salle d'Honneur of the 8th Regiment of Infantry.
+On leaving, a present of a glass inkpot, with the regimental crest of
+the London Rifle Brigade, was sent to this French regiment as a small
+memento of the occasion. A most cordial and charming reply was received
+by Colonel Bates from Colonel Roubert, in which the latter looked
+forward to seeing the London Rifle Brigade once again in his barracks
+after victory had crowned the Allies' arms.
+
+[Sidenote: =Oct. 2nd--25th.=]
+
+The stay at Blendecques was intended to be a period of training before
+being sent back to the front. The actual period was 23 days, but, as it
+took more than a week to collect all the details from the various
+railheads, little more than a fortnight's full training was possible.
+
+The reluctance of the authorities at these railheads to part with their
+London Rifle Brigade detachments, even after their reliefs had arrived,
+although complimentary, was not a little annoying, but the grateful
+letters received by the Commanding Officer in some measure compensated
+for the delay.
+
+These three weeks were a period of remobilisation. Most of the
+non-commissioned officers who had survived Ypres had taken commissions.
+All the specialists had to be retrained. The transport and detailed
+equipment had to be indented for. The essentials were received by
+degrees, and actually completed a few days before the Battalion moved.
+
+[Sidenote: =Oct. 25th.=]
+
+The London Rifle Brigade moved by motor-bus in pouring rain to join the
+3rd Division, which was resting east of Cassel. It relieved the
+Honourable Artillery Company in the 8th Infantry Brigade. The latter
+Battalion returned in the same buses. The transport had marched on the
+previous day.
+
+Incessant rain and frequent inspections, combined with training on the
+lines laid down by the new Division, employed the time up to November
+23rd.
+
+_To face page 26._
+
+[Illustration: SEC.-LIEUT. BARKER AND M.G. TEAM.
+
+_20th May, 1915._]
+
+_To face page 27._
+
+[Illustration: THE BARRACKS, GENERAL HEADQUARTERS.]
+
+[Sidenote: =Nov. 23rd.=]
+
+The Battalion marched to Poperinghe. For the first time it now had a
+bombing section of 2 officers and 70 other ranks; a sniping detachment
+was also organised.
+
+[Sidenote: =Nov. 29th.=]
+
+The Battalion relieved the Liverpool Scottish in the front line. The
+trenches were in a desperate state, with very few traverses, no complete
+communication trenches or second line, and mud quite indescribable. They
+were also overlooked, and enfiladed by the enemy. The tour was normally
+seven days, with two companies in the front line and two in reserve near
+Battalion Headquarters.
+
+Work was rendered very difficult owing to the water-logged nature of the
+ground.
+
+Ration parties took as much as seven hours to accomplish one round
+journey.
+
+On the whole, the Battalion was amazingly fortunate while in these
+trenches. It suffered casualties from occasional shelling and sniping,
+but on certainly two occasions the enemy bombarded the trenches and blew
+in fifty yards of parapet without inflicting a single casualty.
+
+The march to and from the trenches was an exceedingly trying one. Only
+once was part of the Battalion able to use motor-buses, but, after the
+first tour, use was made of the "Ypres Express," to whose Commanding
+Officer the London Rifle Brigade will ever remain indebted.
+
+The Battalion was in the trenches during the abortive gas attack on
+December 19th, but was not affected by the gas, which passed just
+behind it. _To face page 28._
+
+[Illustration: POPERINGHE, 1915.]
+
+Christmas Day was spent in Poperinghe.
+
+[Sidenote: =1916.=
+
+=Jan. 4th.=]
+
+On leaving the trenches on this date the Battalion was kept in Brigade
+reserve. Apart from heavy night-working parties, the week was not too
+uncomfortable, though baths were impossible.
+
+[Sidenote: =Jan. 18th.=]
+
+The London Rifle Brigade returned to rest under canvas instead of to
+billets.
+
+[Sidenote: =Feb. 1st--8th.=]
+
+Owing to the relief of the 3rd Division this period was one of variety.
+The Battalion marched from trenches to rest, and back into reserve. It
+was attached to three different Brigades, and for a time was Divisional
+Troops. Eventually, on the 8th, orders were received to entrain the next
+day. The various outlying details were collected before midnight.
+
+[Sidenote: =Feb. 9th.=]
+
+The Battalion entrained for the South.
+
+[Sidenote: =Gommecourt.=
+
+=July 1st.=]
+
+This fighting is too recent for any details, however bare, to be given.
+
+Previous to this date the Battalion, now part of as fine a Territorial
+Division as France had ever seen, took its ordinary tour of training and
+trenches. It was, of course, known that the Division was going "over the
+top" at the beginning of the offensive, and all training was carried out
+with this great end in view.
+
+_To face page 29._
+
+[Illustration: VOORMEZEELE CHURCH.]
+
+The following extract from the account published in the Press is given
+here, not because the writer of these notes does not feel able to
+give his own account, but because he might unwittingly say more than the
+Censor would feel able to pass:--
+
+          "I am about to give, on first-hand information, an
+          account of the part which has been played by
+          certain of our famous London Regiments. These
+          regiments, which included the London Rifle
+          Brigade, the Queen Victoria's Rifles, the Rangers,
+          the Queen's Westminsters, and London Scottish, had
+          assigned to them certain objectives near
+          Gommecourt, towards the northern end of our
+          original line of advance, where, as is well known,
+          owing to the extraordinary preparations which the
+          enemy had made in that direction, we did not fare
+          so well as we have done, and continue to do,
+          further south. The London Regiments, which fought
+          with magnificent gallantry and tenacity, did, in
+          fact, accomplish their primary objects, but, owing
+          to circumstances beyond their control, they
+          subsequently had to retire to a line which nearly
+          corresponds to that they occupied before the
+          battle began. . . ."
+
+For its work on this day the Corps, of which the Division formed a part,
+received a special verbal message of thanks, delivered by one of Sir
+Douglas Haig's A.D.C.'s. This was subsequently confirmed in writing by
+the Chief of the General Staff.
+
+_To face page 30._
+
+[Illustration: TRENCH BATTALION HEADQUARTERS.
+
+_November, 1915--February, 1916._]
+
+Lieut.-Colonel Bates, D.S.O., was given sick leave in August, and Major
+R. H. Husey, M.C., took command. Under his leadership the Battalion
+added to its laurels in the fighting during September.
+
+
+SECOND BATTALION.
+
+At the beginning of September, 1914, permission was obtained to form a
+second Battalion. Recruiting was commenced at Headquarters in Bunhill
+Row on the 3rd, and the Battalion was filled in one day. So great was
+the rush of recruits that, had it been possible to obtain leave to do
+so, another Battalion could easily have been formed. Great care was
+taken, under these advantageous circumstances, in the selection of
+recruits. Those taken, combined with the draft from the 1st Battalion of
+men who were unable at that time to undertake the foreign service
+obligation, made up a fine Battalion.
+
+Of the officers on formation, the following had formerly served in the
+Regiment, or were serving, and transferred from the 1st Battalion under
+the home service condition:--
+
+          Lieut.-Colonel G. R. Tod, formerly Adjutant for
+          five years, 1898-1903.
+
+          Major G. Harvest.
+
+          Quartermaster and Hon. Major J. Guppy.
+
+_To face page 31._
+
+[Illustration: ENTRANCE TO CAMP, REST BILLETS, MAY, 1916, WHERE THE LORD
+MAYOR SAW THE BATTALION ON PARADE.]
+
+          Captain C. G. H. Macgill, M.V.O., who acted as
+          Adjutant until the formation of the Home Service
+          Provisional Battalion.
+
+          Captain S. Bowers.
+
+          Captain C. R. Bland.
+
+          Captain H. B. Prior.
+
+          Captain C. E. Johnstone.
+
+          Captain C. Furze.
+
+          Lieutenant B. E. Bland.
+
+
+THIRD BATTALION.
+
+The 3rd Battalion was raised on November 30th, 1914. The first
+Commanding Officer was Colonel H. C. Cholmondeley, C.B. (see pages 3 and
+4). The Battalion was fortunate in having the help of several old
+members of the Regiment in the commissioned and non-commissioned ranks.
+They were invaluable in carrying on to the new men the traditions and
+ésprit de corps of the London Rifle Brigade.
+
+After some five months in London, the Battalion proceeded at the end of
+April by train to Wimbledon, and on, by route march, to Tadworth, where
+it went under canvas. Soon after its arrival Colonel Cholmondeley was
+given command of a 4th Line Brigade, and the command of the Battalion
+was taken over by Major Norman C. King, T.D., who went out to the front
+with the 1st Battalion, and had been invalided home. Lieut.-Colonel
+King, being the officer with the senior permanent rank on the cadre of
+the Regiment, now commands it.
+
+The system of training adopted was that of a public school; that is to
+say, the company represented the house, and the Captain the house
+master, who administered the company, but was not responsible for its
+training. The instructors in each subject--e.g., drill, musketry,
+bombing, etc.--each had their own staff of assistants, and every platoon
+was taken up in turn for its lesson. This represented the forms of a
+school. The system proved very successful, and received commendation
+from high authority. It was subsequently recommended for adoption over
+the whole of the Southern Command, but was too much of a departure from
+tradition to be taken over as it stood, though it was recommended in a
+modified form.
+
+As the summer of 1915 passed on, officers from the 1st Battalion, who
+had been wounded in the second battle of Ypres in April-May, were posted
+to the 3rd Battalion on recovery. Thus began the circulation between the
+1st and 3rd Battalions which has proved so invaluable in keeping close
+touch and sympathy between those at the front and those at home.
+
+On November 12th the Battalion moved to billets in Sutton, and received
+the greatest kindness and consideration there. Everything possible was
+done for the comfort of the Battalion, and not the least of the
+kindnesses received were the services at Christchurch, under the Rev.
+Courtney Gale. Nothing could have exceeded the warmth and vigour of the
+church parades, which were much appreciated by all ranks.
+
+On January 10th, 1916, the Battalion moved to its present camp.
+
+
+ADMINISTRATIVE CENTRE.
+
+The Headquarters and Depôt or Administrative Centre are situated at 130,
+Bunhill Row, E.C., and are in charge of Captain H. Ferguson, to whom the
+Regiment owes a considerable debt of gratitude for the whole-hearted way
+he has thrown himself into the work since he joined. Having been private
+secretary to the late Lord Roberts, he has brought a ripe knowledge and
+warm appreciation of the Territorial Force to bear on the thousand and
+one details which have to be arranged from Headquarters. Here it is that
+recruits receive their equipment and their first insight into drill.
+
+The finances of the Regiment since war broke out have been ably looked
+after by Major C. W. Cornish, V.D., who took up the reins again after
+having laid them down in 1908.
+
+The London Rifle Brigade Mutual Aid Society centres in Bunhill Row, and
+a copy of its scheme is given in Appendix F.
+
+The Prisoners' Aid Fund, for sending food and warm clothing to
+non-commissioned officers and riflemen of the Regiment who are
+prisoners, is also controlled from Headquarters. Weekly parcels are sent
+by ladies of the Regiment to any whose relatives are not in a position
+to send them all they require.
+
+
+
+
+APPENDIX A.
+
+
+HONOURS AND REWARDS.
+
+
+  _Victoria Cross._
+
+  9539 Lance-Sergeant Douglas Walter Belcher (now Sec.-Lieutenant, Queen
+      Victoria's Rifles).
+
+
+  _K.C.V.O._
+
+  The Bishop of London.
+
+
+  _C.M.G._
+
+  Lieut.-Colonel W. D. The Earl Cairns.
+
+
+  _D.S.O._
+
+  Major A. S. Bates.
+
+  Captain A. C. Oppenheim, King's Royal Rifle Corps.
+
+
+  _Military Cross_ (10).
+
+  Captain R. H. Husey.
+
+  Captain J. R. Somers-Smith.
+
+  Captain H. L. Johnston.
+
+  Captain C. W. Trevelyan.
+
+  Captain F. H. Wallis.
+
+  Captain R. Russell.
+
+  Captain F. H. Crews.
+
+  Lieutenant E. R. Williamson (with a Trench Mortar
+        Battery).
+
+  Sec.-Lieutenant A. K. Dodds (attached 181st Company, Royal Engineers).
+
+  Sec.-Lieutenant R. E. Petley.
+
+
+  _D.C.M._ (12).
+
+   9338 Sergeant (now Captain, Hampshire R., T.F.) W. F. Pothecary.
+
+   6968 Signalling Sergeant E. A. Adams.
+
+   8541 Sergeant R. V. Todd.
+
+   9435 Transport Sergeant A. Gordon (now Sec.-Lieutenant, London Rifle
+       Brigade).
+
+    515 Sergeant W. M. Lilley.
+
+   9996 Sergeant W. A. Roulston (killed).
+
+   9497 Corporal (now Lieutenant, London Rifle Brigade) G. G. Boston.
+
+     75 Lance-Corporal T. H. Stransom (now Sec.-Lieutenant, London Rifle
+       Brigade).
+
+  11003 Lance-Corporal C. Taylor.
+
+   1006 Rifleman J. S. Lindsay (now Sec.-Lieutenant, London Rifle
+       Brigade).
+
+   8896 Rifleman R. S. Clark.
+
+  10839 Rifleman E. L. Kench.
+
+
+  _Military Medal_ (28).
+
+   1867 Regimental Sergeant-Major J. Adams.
+
+    660 Sergeant (now Sec.-Lieutenant, London Rifle Brigade) P. T. Dyer.
+
+  10835 Sergeant F. C. Keele.
+
+   9412 Sergeant (now Sec.-Lieutenant, London Rifle Brigade) E. H. Slade.
+
+   1131 Sergeant W. G. T. Mason.
+
+    776 Corporal R. F. Ebbetts.
+
+   9535 Corporal (now Sec.-Lieutenant, Lincolnshire Regiment) P.
+       Godsmark.
+
+   9921 Lce.-Cpl. (now Sergeant) L. W. Billington.
+
+   9289 Lance-Corporal (now Sec.-Lieutenant, London Rifle Brigade)
+       H. J. F. Crisp.
+
+   1621 Lance-Corporal J. H. Foaden.
+
+   1220 Lance-Corporal (now at Officers' Cadet School) V. L. A. Fowle.
+
+   9899 Lance-Corporal J. O. Haylock (now Sergeant-Dispenser,
+       Northumbrian Field Ambulance).
+
+   9471 Lance-Corporal (now Sec.-Lieutenant, Cheshire Regiment) H. J. C.
+      Rowe.
+
+   9137 Lance-Corporal (now Sec.-Lieutenant, King's Own Royal Lancaster
+      Regiment) R. H. Stonnill.
+
+   9453 Lance-Corporal (now Corporal) H. Turner.
+
+    762 Lance-Corporal R. E. Parslow.
+
+    787 Sergeant C. W. Bradford (killed).
+
+   1124 Rifleman H. G. Buck.
+
+   1289 Rifleman F. A. Crocker.
+
+     92 Rifleman (now Sec.-Lieutenant, Royal Field Artillery) W. E.
+      Dunnett.
+
+   2516 Rifleman H. W. Dunk.
+
+   2822 Rifleman A. F. H. Edington.
+
+   9457 Rifleman (now Sec.-Lieutenant, London Regiment) G. Gordon.
+
+  10535 Rifleman W. Hawthorn.
+
+    161 Rifleman (now Sec.-Lieutenant, London Regiment)
+        E. W. G. Hodgkinson.
+
+   9609 Rifleman (now Sec.-Lieutenant, London Regiment) E. B. Latham.
+
+   9597 Rifleman (now Sec.-Lieutenant, London Regiment) W. E. Lockhart.
+
+    147 Rifleman (Sec.-Lieutenant, Oxford and Bucks Light Infantry) A. C.
+      Thomas (killed).
+
+
+  _Meritorious Service Medal_ (2).
+
+    129 Acting-Sergt. D. Mackay.
+
+   9587 Rfn. G. W. Hunter.
+
+
+  _The Montenegrin Decoration of Danilo._
+
+  Lieut.-Col. R. H. Husey, M.C.
+
+
+  _Croix de Guerre_ (with palm leaves).
+
+  515 Sergeant W. M. Lilley.
+
+All above Orders, Decorations, and Medals were won by officers,
+non-commissioned officers, and riflemen while serving with, or wearing
+the uniform of, the Regiment.
+
+The following officers, who served with or in the ranks of the 1st
+Battalion, London Rifle Brigade, have gained the award shown after their
+names since being transferred, or commissioned, to other Regiments[A]:--
+
+  Sec.-Lieutenant H. H. Linzell, The Border Regiment, Military Cross.
+
+  Sec.-Lieutenant D. Blofeld, The London Regiment, Military Cross
+      (killed).
+
+  Sec.-Lieutenant S. R. Hogg, Royal Fusiliers, Military Cross.
+
+FOOTNOTE:
+
+[A] This list does not claim to be complete. Any additions should be
+sent to the Officer in Charge Depôt, where a record will be kept.
+
+
+[Illustration: Map]
+
+
+
+
+APPENDIX B.
+
+
+The following officers and other ranks have been mentioned in
+despatches:--
+
+  Lieut.-Colonel W. D. Earl Cairns.
+
+  The Bishop of London.
+
+  Lieut.-Colonel A. S. Bates (3).
+
+  Major A. D. Ducat, M.B., T.D., R.A.M.C. (T.F.).
+
+  Captain A. C. Oppenheim, King's Royal Rifle Corps (2).
+
+  Captain R. H. Husey.
+
+  Captain J. R. Somers-Smith.
+
+  Captain C. W. Trevelyan.
+
+  Lieutenant R. Russell.
+
+  Sec.-Lieutenant W. L. Willett.
+
+  Sec.-Lieutenant A. K. Dodds.
+
+  709 Company Sergeant-Major A. J. R. Macveagh.
+
+  8488 Company Sergeant-Major (now Sec.-Lieutenant, Royal Field
+      Artillery) B. K. Manbey.
+
+  8929 Corporal (now Sec.-Lieutenant, King's Royal Rifle Corps) T. H.
+      Jenkin.
+
+  9391 Rifleman R. E. Peck.
+
+
+The following officer who served in the ranks of the 1st Battalion,
+London Rifle Brigade, has also been mentioned in despatches since being
+commissioned to another regiment[B]:--
+
+  Temporary Sec.-Lieutenant L. E. Schultz, Wiltshire Regiment (killed).
+
+FOOTNOTE:
+
+[B] This list does not claim to be complete. Any additions should be
+sent to the Officer in Charge Depôt, where a record will be kept.
+
+
+
+
+APPENDIX C.
+
+
+Alphabetical list, by ranks--the latter as on 15/8/16--of London Rifle
+Brigade officers with service in France up to that date, ~excluding
+those now serving whose names have not been passed by the Censor for
+publication~:--
+
+  _Lieutenant-Colonels._
+
+                        Joined B.E.F as
+  NAME.                   an Officer.        Left B.E.F.
+
+  Bates, A. S.               5/11/14            15/8/16
+
+  Cairns, W. D., Earl        5/11/14             9/4/15
+
+  King, N. C.                5/11/14             6/1/15
+
+  Matthey, C. G. R.          5/11/14            12/1/15
+
+
+  _Majors._
+
+  Burnell, C. D.             5/11/14             7/5/15  Wounded
+
+  MacGeagh, H. D. F.         5/11/14            13/1/15
+                             31/8/15            3/12/15
+
+  Soames, M. H.              5/11/14            17/7/15
+
+
+  _Captains._
+
+  Alcock, J. E.             20/12/14            21/2/15  Wounded
+
+  Bland, B. E.              23/12/14             9/3/15
+
+  Charles, F. D.              8/5/15            16/9/16  Wounded
+
+  Charles, R. D. S.          19/2/15             7/5/15  Wounded
+
+  Cholmeley, G. H.           5/11/14            21/2/15
+                             18/7/15             -/7/16  Wounded
+
+  de Cologan, A. T. B.       18/7/15             1/7/16  Prisoner
+
+  Harvey, B. S.             20/12/14             3/5/15  Wounded
+                              5/8/15             1/7/16  Killed
+
+  Johnston, H. L.            5/11/14            23/6/16  Wounded
+
+  Kirby, A. G.               5/11/14           20/12/14  Wounded
+
+  Kitching, G. C.            5/11/14            17/2/15
+
+  Large, E. L.               5/11/14            21/5/15  Died of wounds
+
+  Lintott, A. L.             5/11/14            20/1/15
+                             21/5/15           19/11/15
+
+  Morrison, G. H.            5/11/14            31/3/15  Killed
+
+  Nobbs, H. G.                8/8/16             9/9/16  Wounded &
+                                                           Prisoner
+                                                         Now exchanged
+
+  Robinson, J. G.            5/11/14            25/1/16
+
+  Russell, R.                11/2/15            21/4/16
+
+  Somers-Smith, J. R.        5/11/14             3/6/15
+                            24/10/15             1/7/16  Killed
+
+  White, A. B.               19/2/15             7/5/15  Wounded
+                             18/7/15           20/11/15
+
+  Wills, E. C.                8/5/15           13/10/16  Wounded
+
+
+  _Lieutenants._
+
+  Bantoft, E. S.              5/7/16            11/9/16  Died of wounds
+
+  Beard, H. C.               18/3/15             3/5/15  Wounded
+
+  Boston, G. G.               8/5/15            27/7/16  Wounded
+
+  Bromiley, B.              24/12/15             5/7/16
+
+  Cartwright, G. H. G. M.    5/11/14            11/5/15  Wounded
+
+  Clode-Baker, G. E.        24/12/15             1/7/16  Killed
+
+  Dodds, A. K.               28/2/15           11/10/15  Gassed
+
+  Flindt, R. E. H.           11/2/15             7/5/15  Wounded
+
+  Fursdon, G. E. S.          5/11/14             2/5/15  Wounded
+                             18/7/15             4/9/15
+
+  Long, C. W.                27/5/16            27/7/16
+
+  Maynard, M. J.              8/5/15            -/10/16  Missing
+
+  Oldfield, P. B. B.          1/5/15            27/7/16  Wounded
+
+  Petersen, J. R. S.         5/11/14             5/5/16
+
+  Pocock, B. L. E.          24/12/15             2/7/16  Wounded
+
+  Price, H. B.               5/11/14             3/5/15  Killed
+
+  Sedgwick, A. E.            26/2/15             6/5/15  Wounded
+                             12/8/16            10/9/16  Killed
+
+  Slessor, P.                5/11/14           22/12/14
+
+  Titley, P.                 19/1/16            26/6/16
+
+  Vincent, H. G.             5/11/14             3/5/15
+
+  Williamson, E. R.         24/12/15            10/9/16  Wounded &
+                                                           missing,
+                                                           believed
+                                                           killed
+
+  Wimble, A. S.              29/4/15             7/5/15  Wounded
+
+
+  _Second-Lieutenants._
+
+  Appleton, E. R.            18/7/15           20/12/15
+
+  Aste, P. J.                18/7/15             4/2/16
+
+  Baldwin, N. E.              3/8/16            -/10/16  Wounded &
+                                                           missing
+
+  Balkwill, C. V.            27/5/16             1/7/16  Killed
+
+  Balls, F. A.               27/5/16            11/7/16
+
+  Barker, H. C.              29/4/15            22/1/16
+                             28/3/16            24/4/16
+
+  Benns, A. L.                5/3/16             1/7/16  Killed
+
+  Betts, A. W. T.             2/5/15            17/5/15  Wounded
+
+  Brodie, C. G.              18/7/15            15/9/15
+
+  Camden, H. M.              11/1/16             9/2/16
+
+  Carrier, J. R.              8/5/16            8/10/16  Killed
+
+  Collis, L. W.               2/8/16            20/9/16
+
+  Cotter, G. H.              11/2/15            12/4/15  Killed
+
+  Crisp, H. J. F.            27/5/16            14/9/16  Wounded
+
+  Doust, C. B.               14/3/16             1/7/16  Killed
+
+  Dyer, P. T.                19/7/16            29/9/16  Wounded
+
+  Feast, A. C.                8/5/15            17/5/15
+
+  Forbes, K.                 5/11/14            10/2/15  Killed
+
+  Gardiner, W. E. M.          8/5/16            19/7/16  Killed
+
+  Gooding, H. R. W.          19/4/15            13/5/15  Killed
+
+  Hill, R. L.                13/8/15             6/6/16
+
+  Hogg, S. R.                 2/5/15            23/1/16
+
+  Howe, G. H.                27/5/16            19/8/16
+
+  Hewitt, F. E.              11/1/16            20/5/16
+
+  Keddie, G. D. F.            1/5/15             7/6/15
+
+  Lindsay, J. S.             19/7/16            30/9/16  Wounded
+
+  Lines, S. M.                8/5/15            13/5/15  Killed
+
+  Lintott, R.                29/4/15             3/5/15  Killed
+
+  Lydall, R. F.               9/6/16             1/7/16  Wounded
+
+  Moore, E. G.               19/7/16            17/9/16  Wounded
+
+  Petley, R. E.              27/5/16             1/7/16  Wounded
+
+  Pocock, B. E.              29/4/15            13/5/15  Missing,
+                                                           believed
+                                                           killed
+
+  Pogose, I. R.              27/7/15             2/7/16  Died of wounds
+
+  Pool, E. E.                11/1/16             9/5/16
+
+  Prior, T. A.                5/3/16            19/5/16
+
+  Radford, P. D.             19/7/16            21/9/16  Wounded
+
+  Rose, E. W.                22/7/15             1/7/16  Wounded
+
+  Rose, O. H.                27/5/16            18/6/16
+
+  Sawbridge, B. F.            8/5/16             1/7/16  Wounded
+
+  Sell, C. H.                19/1/16             -/9/16  Wounded
+
+  Sharman, A. P.             19/7/16            11/9/16  Wounded
+
+  Smith, H.                  19/1/16             1/7/16  Wounded
+
+  Stransom, J. H.            29/4/15            30/4/15  Wounded
+
+  Ticehurst, G. H.           4/6/16             26/9/16  Wounded
+
+  Thomas, E. G.             27/5/16              5/7/16  Wounded
+
+  Warner, A.                27/5/16              1/7/16  Killed
+
+  Wheatley, F. M.           11/1/16             14/2/16  Wounded
+
+  Whitehead, L. E.          19/4/15              2/5/15  Wounded
+
+  Willett, W. L.            5/11/14            13/12/14  Wounded
+
+  Wray, M.                   8/5/15              4/6/15
+
+
+
+
+APPENDIX D.
+
+
+List of attached officers who have served with the 1st Battalion, London
+Rifle Brigade, in France, ~excluding those now with it whose names have
+not been passed by the Censor for publication~:--
+
+
+_Adjutant on Mobilisation._
+
+  Capt. A. C. Oppenheim, King's Royal Rifle Corps, wounded 13/5/15.
+
+
+_Medical Officers._
+
+  NAME & REGIMENT.              Joined Battn.      Left Battn.
+
+  Maj. A. D. Ducat, M.D., T.D.    5/11/14            27/2/15
+
+  Capt. L. Crombie                12/5/16             -/8/16
+
+  Capt. J. M. Moyes                6/5/15            31/1/16
+
+  Lieut. Edmunds                  27/2/15            28/4/15  Wounded
+
+  Lt. D. T. C. Frew                3/2/16            12/5/16
+
+  Lt. J. D. Marshall              31/1/16             3/2/16
+
+
+_Second-Lieutenants._[C]
+
+  Cole, C. H.                     14/7/16             4/10/16  Killed
+
+  Hughes, C. R.                   14/7/16             17/9/16  Wounded
+
+  Matthews, H. L. L.               9/7/16              9/9/16  Killed
+
+  Newling, A. J.                  14/7/16             7/10/16
+
+  Sanderson, G. S.                14/7/16             21/7/16  Killed
+
+  Unwin, R. W.                    14/7/16             -/10/16  Killed
+
+  Wilkins, J. W.                  14/7/16              -/9/16  Wounded
+
+FOOTNOTE:
+
+[C] All 11th London.
+
+
+
+
+APPENDIX E.
+
+_Commissions._
+
+
+Since the 1st Battalion landed in France, 535 of its non-commissioned
+officers and men have received commissions.
+
+The majority of these were sent to the Cadet School at General
+Headquarters or to England, while the balance, just over 200, obtained
+their commissions when at home sick or recovering from wounds. Out of
+this number 65 (21 of "A," 20 of "B," 15 of "C," and 9 of "D" Companies)
+have been given commissions in the Regiment, and 30 of these received
+them direct in the field in the 1st Battalion.
+
+For a Regiment, whose 1st Battalion was fighting, the total given below
+is a proud achievement. It was always a wrench to part with candidates,
+but the figures prove that the strictures, often heard, that Commanding
+Officers refused to part with their best men were unfounded in the case
+of the London Rifle Brigade.
+
+A few commissions were granted before the 1st Battalion went abroad, but
+no details are, at present, available.
+
+                    Commissioned or transferred to O.T.C's
+                         and Officer Cadet Battalions.
+
+  1st Battalion                   535
+  2nd Battalion                   122
+  3rd Battalion                    51
+                                 ----
+  Total                           708
+                                 ----
+
+
+
+
+APPENDIX F.
+
+THE LONDON RIFLE BRIGADE MUTUAL AID FUND.
+
+
+_Trustees._
+
+  Lieut.-Colonel Earl Waldegrave, P.C., V.D.
+  Lieut.-Colonel Earl Cairns, C.M.G.
+  The Bishop of London, P.C., K.C.V.O.
+
+
+_Committee._
+
+  Major C. W. Cornish, V.D., nominated by the Trustees.
+  W. J. M. Burton, Esq. (late London Rifle Brigade), nominated by
+     the Trustees.
+  Newton Dunn, Esq. (late London Rifle Brigade), nominated by 1st
+     Battalion.
+  Major C. R. Bland, nominated by 2nd Battalion.
+  Company Quartermaster-Sergeant F. H. Anderson, nominated by 3rd
+     Battalion.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Under the above title a fund has been inaugurated with the object of
+helping officers, non-commissioned officers and men of the Regiment who
+may be in need of assistance owing to injuries or incapacity due to the
+war, or to aid their dependants.
+
+The Fund is administered by a Committee of five members, two of whom
+have been nominated by the Trustees, and are old members of the
+Regiment, and one member for each of the three Battalions, to be
+nominated by the Officers Commanding.
+
+Support will be gladly received from friends and members of the
+Regiment, and donations may be sent to Captain H. S. Ferguson at
+Headquarters, 130, Bunhill Row, who has kindly consented to act as
+honorary secretary and treasurer to the Fund.
+
+
+
+
+ADDITIONS.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+[Transcriber's Note: These additions have been made to the text.]
+
+_Add to bottom of page 37_,
+
+
+  "MERITORIOUS SERVICE MEDAL (2).
+
+    No. 129 Acting-Sergt. D. MACKAY.
+
+    No. 9587 Rfn. G. W. HUNTER."
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+_Add at top of page 38_,
+
+  "THE MONTENEGRIN DECORATION OF DANILO,
+
+    Lieut.-Col. R. H. HUSEY, M.C."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+_Page 41, col. 4_,
+
+  Captain H. G. NOBBS. _Add_ "Now exchanged."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Transcriber's Notes:
+
+Italic text is denoted by _; bold by =; and underlined text by ~.
+
+Page 1, comma added ((City of London) Battalion, The)
+
+Page 2, period added to sidenote (Commanding Officers.)
+
+Page 15, "couduroy" changed to "corduroy" (corduroy no longer stops)
+
+Page 28, period added (To face page 28.)
+
+Page 28, Illustration, caption was originally in ALL CAPS. This was
+changed in the HTML version to small-capitals to match the rest of the
+illustrations.
+
+Page 28, "1--8" changed to "1st--8th" (Feb. 1st--8th.)
+
+Page 38, comma changed to period. (Decoration of Danilo.)
+
+ADDITIONS, after adding the corrections to these pages, the entries were
+changed to match the format of the rest of the entries. The original
+format can be found on the last page of the text.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Short History of the London Rifle
+Brigade, by Unknown
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK LONDON RIFLE BRIGADE ***
+
+***** This file should be named 25932-8.txt or 25932-8.zip *****
+This and all associated files of various formats will be found in:
+        https://www.gutenberg.org/2/5/9/3/25932/
+
+Produced by Suzanne Lybarger, Internet Archive: Canadian
+Libraries, Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
+https://www.pgdp.net and the booksmiths at
+http://www.eBookForge.net
+
+
+Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions
+will be renamed.
+
+Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no
+one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation
+(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without
+permission and without paying copyright royalties.  Special rules,
+set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to
+copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to
+protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark.  Project
+Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you
+charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission.  If you
+do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the
+rules is very easy.  You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose
+such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and
+research.  They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do
+practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks.  Redistribution is
+subject to the trademark license, especially commercial
+redistribution.
+
+
+
+*** START: FULL LICENSE ***
+
+THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE
+PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK
+
+To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free
+distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work
+(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project
+Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project
+Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at
+https://gutenberg.org/license).
+
+
+Section 1.  General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm
+electronic works
+
+1.A.  By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm
+electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to
+and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property
+(trademark/copyright) agreement.  If you do not agree to abide by all
+the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy
+all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession.
+If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the
+terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or
+entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8.
+
+1.B.  "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark.  It may only be
+used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who
+agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement.  There are a few
+things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works
+even without complying with the full terms of this agreement.  See
+paragraph 1.C below.  There are a lot of things you can do with Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement
+and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
+works.  See paragraph 1.E below.
+
+1.C.  The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation"
+or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic works.  Nearly all the individual works in the
+collection are in the public domain in the United States.  If an
+individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are
+located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from
+copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative
+works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg
+are removed.  Of course, we hope that you will support the Project
+Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by
+freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of
+this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with
+the work.  You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by
+keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project
+Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others.
+
+1.D.  The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern
+what you can do with this work.  Copyright laws in most countries are in
+a constant state of change.  If you are outside the United States, check
+the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement
+before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or
+creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project
+Gutenberg-tm work.  The Foundation makes no representations concerning
+the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United
+States.
+
+1.E.  Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg:
+
+1.E.1.  The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate
+access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently
+whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the
+phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project
+Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed,
+copied or distributed:
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+1.E.2.  If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived
+from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is
+posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied
+and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees
+or charges.  If you are redistributing or providing access to a work
+with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the
+work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1
+through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the
+Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or
+1.E.9.
+
+1.E.3.  If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted
+with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution
+must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional
+terms imposed by the copyright holder.  Additional terms will be linked
+to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the
+permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work.
+
+1.E.4.  Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm
+License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this
+work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm.
+
+1.E.5.  Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this
+electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without
+prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with
+active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project
+Gutenberg-tm License.
+
+1.E.6.  You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary,
+compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any
+word processing or hypertext form.  However, if you provide access to or
+distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than
+"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version
+posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org),
+you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a
+copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon
+request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other
+form.  Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm
+License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1.
+
+1.E.7.  Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying,
+performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works
+unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.
+
+1.E.8.  You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing
+access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided
+that
+
+- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from
+     the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method
+     you already use to calculate your applicable taxes.  The fee is
+     owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he
+     has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the
+     Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation.  Royalty payments
+     must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you
+     prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax
+     returns.  Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and
+     sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the
+     address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to
+     the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation."
+
+- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies
+     you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he
+     does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm
+     License.  You must require such a user to return or
+     destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium
+     and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of
+     Project Gutenberg-tm works.
+
+- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any
+     money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the
+     electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days
+     of receipt of the work.
+
+- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free
+     distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works.
+
+1.E.9.  If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm
+electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set
+forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from
+both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael
+Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark.  Contact the
+Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below.
+
+1.F.
+
+1.F.1.  Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable
+effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread
+public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm
+collection.  Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
+works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain
+"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or
+corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual
+property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a
+computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by
+your equipment.
+
+1.F.2.  LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right
+of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project
+Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project
+Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all
+liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal
+fees.  YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT
+LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE
+PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH F3.  YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE
+TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE
+LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR
+INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
+DAMAGE.
+
+1.F.3.  LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a
+defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can
+receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a
+written explanation to the person you received the work from.  If you
+received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with
+your written explanation.  The person or entity that provided you with
+the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a
+refund.  If you received the work electronically, the person or entity
+providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to
+receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund.  If the second copy
+is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further
+opportunities to fix the problem.
+
+1.F.4.  Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth
+in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS' WITH NO OTHER
+WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO
+WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE.
+
+1.F.5.  Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied
+warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages.
+If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the
+law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be
+interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by
+the applicable state law.  The invalidity or unenforceability of any
+provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions.
+
+1.F.6.  INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the
+trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone
+providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance
+with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production,
+promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works,
+harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees,
+that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do
+or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm
+work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any
+Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause.
+
+
+Section  2.  Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm
+
+Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of
+electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers
+including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers.  It exists
+because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from
+people in all walks of life.
+
+Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the
+assistance they need, is critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's
+goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will
+remain freely available for generations to come.  In 2001, the Project
+Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure
+and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations.
+To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation
+and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4
+and the Foundation web page at https://www.pglaf.org.
+
+
+Section 3.  Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
+Foundation
+
+The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit
+501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the
+state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal
+Revenue Service.  The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification
+number is 64-6221541.  Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at
+https://pglaf.org/fundraising.  Contributions to the Project Gutenberg
+Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent
+permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws.
+
+The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S.
+Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered
+throughout numerous locations.  Its business office is located at
+809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email
+business@pglaf.org.  Email contact links and up to date contact
+information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official
+page at https://pglaf.org
+
+For additional contact information:
+     Dr. Gregory B. Newby
+     Chief Executive and Director
+     gbnewby@pglaf.org
+
+
+Section 4.  Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg
+Literary Archive Foundation
+
+Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide
+spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of
+increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be
+freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest
+array of equipment including outdated equipment.  Many small donations
+($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt
+status with the IRS.
+
+The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating
+charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United
+States.  Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a
+considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up
+with these requirements.  We do not solicit donations in locations
+where we have not received written confirmation of compliance.  To
+SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any
+particular state visit https://pglaf.org
+
+While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we
+have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition
+against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who
+approach us with offers to donate.
+
+International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make
+any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from
+outside the United States.  U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff.
+
+Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation
+methods and addresses.  Donations are accepted in a number of other
+ways including including checks, online payments and credit card
+donations.  To donate, please visit: https://pglaf.org/donate
+
+
+Section 5.  General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
+works.
+
+Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm
+concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared
+with anyone.  For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project
+Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support.
+
+
+Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed
+editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S.
+unless a copyright notice is included.  Thus, we do not necessarily
+keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition.
+
+
+Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility:
+
+     https://www.gutenberg.org
+
+This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm,
+including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary
+Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to
+subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks.