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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Senatorial Character, by C. A. Bartol
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Senatorial Character
+       A Sermon in West Church, Boston, Sunday, 15th of March,
+       After the Decease of Charles Sumner.
+
+Author: C. A. Bartol
+
+Release Date: June 25, 2008 [EBook #25900]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SENATORIAL CHARACTER ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Gerard Arthus and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This book was
+produced from scanned images of public domain material
+from the Google Print project.)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+    +-------------------------------------------------------------+
+    | Transcriber's Note:                                         |
+    | The last sentence of the first paragraph on page 9 is       |
+    | likely missing text. A consultation of another source has   |
+    | the same content.                                           |
+    |                                                             |
+    | On page 15, the word cotemporary, meaning "One who lives    |
+    | at the same time with another; a contemporary", is correct. |
+    |                                                             |
+    +-------------------------------------------------------------+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+SENATORIAL CHARACTER:
+
+
+A SERMON
+
+IN
+
+WEST CHURCH, BOSTON,
+
+SUNDAY, 15TH OF MARCH,
+
+AFTER THE
+
+DECEASE OF CHARLES SUMNER.
+
+BY C.A. BARTOL.
+
+
+
+
+BOSTON:
+A. WILLIAMS & CO., 135 WASHINGTON STREET.
+1874.
+
+
+
+
+SERMON.
+
+"_He made him to teach his senators wisdom._"--Psalms cv, 21, 22.
+
+
+The common theory of the pulpit is of a place devoted to expound some
+old situation, abstract scheme of salvation, or article in a creed. It
+has a higher end,--to give the meaning of the scenes of real life, in
+which we observe the actors and play ourselves a part. If history be
+philosophy teaching by example, and of all history biography be the
+soul, then human character, when rare and conspicuous in its traits or
+achievements, gives as pattern or warning the chief lesson. Christian
+edification comes less signally from hair-splitting, dogmatic
+distinction than from contemplating for imitation or admonition the
+lives of Enoch and Solomon, Paul and Peter, Jesus and John. So I take
+to-day the death of the most eminent civilian of Massachusetts for my
+theme.
+
+As the King in Egypt chose Joseph to teach his senators wisdom, no man
+of late years has equalled Charles Sumner as an instructor or
+influence in the Senate of the United States.
+
+An instinct of nature prompts us to make some account and sum up the
+significance of any one's career, privately, on the domestic stage,
+or before the people, if he has challenged attention in a larger
+sphere.
+
+It may be useful to make some discriminating estimate of Mr. Sumner's
+contributions to the public good, the legislature of a free State in a
+great Union being the monarch that for so long a period continued to
+elect him to his high office.
+
+However opinions may differ of his prudence or ability, the weight of
+his word or importance of his position none will doubt.
+
+Our messenger of the lightning had no greater task this last week in
+the world than to wait at his threshold and run with news every hour
+over the wires of his estate.
+
+His principal peers at his bedside and his colored clients flocking
+for inquiry at his door showed a feeling of love and sympathy reaching
+from the highest to the lowest class.
+
+In culture he was a match for nobles, in temper he was a champion of
+the oppressed and friend to the poor.
+
+I suppose no American name is more widely known and celebrated in all
+civilized lands.
+
+Great Britain and France will feel the shock of his decease.
+
+That one of our political pillars has fallen will be known at the
+Court of St. Petersburg and among the counsellors of Berlin.
+
+Italy and Spain, with their Republican struggles and aims, will miss
+an advocate on this side the sea.
+
+Castelar will mourn the departure of a companion in arms in the
+peaceful battles of reform, as Cavour might have felt through the
+cable from him for emancipation an electric touch.
+
+South America, with her strange mixture of barbarism with liberation,
+will be conscious of owing some honor to the obsequies of a
+sympathizer with all that is generous in her aspirations.
+
+Hayti will deplore the decease of a supporter of her rights more
+powerful than any on her own shores.
+
+A flutter of pain and sorrow will pass through that whole flock of
+islands alighted, as in the great harbor of our land, betwixt the Gulf
+of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea.
+
+So it will be because not only a man, a citizen of the Commonwealth
+and foremost trustee in the Congress of the country, but a cosmopolite
+is dead, deserving that name as truly as any man who, since the
+settlement of these colonies, has lived within their bounds.
+
+What is the reason of the wide consequence of this event?
+
+Not in the man's extraordinary original power.
+
+Nature did not intend aught intellectually pre-eminent in his
+constitution.
+
+It had no organic strength to strike out new paths in action or
+expression.
+
+It fell into ways other agents had broken.
+
+Mr. Sumner was not even an aboriginal abolitionist; he joined and did
+yeoman's service in the antislavery ranks.
+
+He startled the soldiers, twenty-nine years ago, in Boston, with his
+extreme doctrine of peace; but he followed Ladd and others, with
+copious illustration, but no new sentiment or novel idea.
+
+Of origination there is no speck in his reflections or spark in his
+style.
+
+His mind is parasitical, his discourse full of precedents, quotations,
+classic scenes, and historic allusions, sometimes savoring of
+schoolboy recitations, sophomoric and declamatory, stilted and
+grotesque. Yet he is in the list of wonderful men. Others thought and
+he was led to fancy some resemblance in his feature and person to
+Edmund Burke, which the portrait of Mr. Burke might actually suggest;
+but this resemblance to the great English Commoner was but skin-deep,
+with little hint of the deep sea line that fathomed every question, or
+the impassioned imagination which cast the light of flame on every
+measure, and kindled with magnetic sympathy, against the French
+Revolution and for American privilege, now one and now another portion
+of the British realm.
+
+Mr. Sumner was perhaps a greater lover of freedom in its principle as
+an inherent right and claim of all mankind than Mr. Burke; but Burke
+had pre-eminent genius in politics, Sumner only accomplished talent,
+though in the later light of a more humane era put to service in a
+grander cause.
+
+Shakespeare, Milton, Bacon, Newton, Burke, William Blake: such would
+be our shining classification for poetry, philosophy, science,
+politics, art, in the mother land.
+
+But for native force we should think of many persons before Sumner in
+his own field of study and pursuit.
+
+He had not the majestic sweep of Webster, the weight or heat of that
+mountain with its base of granite and flame, the fiery eloquence of
+Clay, the close grip of John Quincy Adams in argument, or the subtile
+felicity and gleam of primary perception which William Henry Seward
+brought for the enlivening of debate.
+
+He never could have invented the New-Yorker's phrase of _The
+Irrepressible Conflict_ as applied to the Free and Slave States, or
+the Illinoisian Abraham Lincoln's grander adaptation of Scripture,--_A
+house divided against itself cannot stand: I do not expect the house
+to fall, but to cease to be divided._
+
+Mr. Sumner quoted abundantly, but he is not for any rhetorical merits
+or ideal inventions in the whole range of his voluminous works
+quotable, however rich in his right to be cited for the spirit and
+design on every page.
+
+He stands not strong among men of strength, thinkers and benefactors
+at first hand, germinators of thought and heroism in the van of the
+race,--such as bear the stamp of a primitive and primeval energy, like
+Abraham, Noah, Moses, David and Paul, Buddha and Mohammed, Socrates
+and Plato, in the East; Garrison and John Brown among ourselves.
+
+He was an orator of the conceptions of his predecessors and superiors,
+an arguer of the case, a sheriff to execute a writ.
+
+One name I do not mention in this comparison, because, being neither
+ancient nor modern, it is greatest of all.
+
+But if his were a secondary mind, a vine round a stouter trunk, how
+like some such creeper it towered and grew, appropriated nourishment
+and vigor from the old decaying boughs, till at length, with superior
+toughness and tenacity, it could breast every breeze, and stood
+proudly alone!
+
+Yet his understanding was that not of the revealer, but the scholar to
+the last. He imparted what he learned; he knew what he had been told.
+His delivery was not, like Patrick Henry's, a bolt from Heaven to rend
+the obstacle and burn up opposition, but a crystal stream flowing
+smoothly from some rock that had garnered up the mountain-dew and the
+rain; and he completely informed if he did not like Fisher Ames
+irresistibly charm.
+
+But in the moral region lay the real greatness of the man. His
+conscience was original and he had no original sin.
+
+No imputation on his purpose but cleared away like the cloud from a
+breath on spotless steel, leaving the metal bright as before.
+
+He was as incorruptible as he honorably said to me was Fessenden, his
+great rival in the Senate; and when he also one day, speaking of his
+limited means, remarked: "I have never had the art to get my hands
+into the Treasury," I was fain to answer, "You the whole man are in
+the Treasury yourself." He was indeed in our politics a fund and
+never-broken bank of moral wealth. Justice was his inspiration. He was
+a prophet by equity. Righteousness was his genius; and humanity, in
+any lack of imagination, his insight and foresight. He was without
+spot. He wore ermine though he sat not on the bench. John Jay had not
+cleaner hands, nor John Marshall a more honest will; Hamilton and
+Jefferson were no more patriotic in contending than he in every legal
+or congressional strife; and Story, his favorite teacher, and whose
+favorite pupil he was, no more opulent in knowledge or innocent in its
+use.
+
+As an antagonist, handling questions of motive or policy, he was as
+frank as the lion-hearted Richard and simple as a child.
+
+From those early debates to which I listened, on prison discipline,
+thirty years ago, to his latest speech on the Centennial Exhibition,
+this candor, amounting to generosity and magnanimity, was plain as the
+sun.
+
+He had no tricks, no management, no intrigue. He showed his hand.
+
+Could he not prevail by openness and sincerity, he would not prevail
+at all.
+
+If he started no new ideas or measures that have been adopted
+precisely in the way he conceived, or shape he gave, he mightily
+sustained all good ones, and of their goodness he would not abate a
+tithe.
+
+Of this rectitude benignity was the crown. Sternly exposing what he
+thought mean or unworthy in any proceeding or adversary, his severity
+was in his argument and rhetoric rather than in the feeling of his
+soul. Without a sweet disposition no man could have had such a smile.
+Without some grandeur of design no man ever displayed such a
+countenance and port, handsome and sublime. In his intentness and
+earnestness, he did not suspect the liability of his expressions to
+the charge of a vindictiveness he was unconscious of in his own
+breast. It was like a philippic of Demosthenes; it was a Ciceronian
+oration against some Catiline, real or supposed. A poetic sort of
+revenge was all he meant to take, although his language to opponents,
+whom perhaps he sometimes mistook, may be subject to blame. Pity he
+was so devoid of humor to recommend or soften his strokes!
+
+His old peace doctrine, doubtless, mainly prompted his battle-flag
+resolution, while the time of offering it and his nearly
+contemporaneous break with his party seemed to betray an unfair and
+personal bias of which he was unaware.
+
+Sensible of his great and long importance to the government, an
+egoistic, assuming, imperious, irascible inclination may to some have
+appeared to be disclosed; but he ingenuously felt he had a title to be
+consulted and that it was a slight and insult to set him aside. Let
+the administration that refused him as an instrument beware lest it
+become a hammer in the hands of inferior men, whose success will be
+suicide, and itself the tool! This may an inspiration from his coffin
+prevent! Massachusetts has honored herself at least as much as she did
+her son, and cast from yonder halls one ray of comfort on his seat in
+the Senate and on his death-bed in rescinding the censure on his
+course; for his memory is among her trophies,--no banner more so that
+hangs beneath the cupola above the marble floor,--and she is the
+inheritor of his renown; for if "Providence made Washington childless
+that the country might call him father," Sumner is without offspring
+that the State may be his mourner.
+
+This freedom from all selfish heat or hate, one distinction of the
+statesman from the politician, is a trait too rare to pass without
+emphasis and applause.
+
+An example, indeed, to the ordinary run of village contrivers, caucus
+packers, and municipal aspirants, of a man who never pulled a wire,
+rolled a log, laid a pipe, listened in a lobby, whispered in the ear
+what might not be proclaimed on the house-top, held a man by the
+button, or blew any trumpet but of the public good, however in his
+magnificent self-respect he might be falsely accused of wishing to
+blow only his own!
+
+If a jealous personal honor ever had apology or excuse, it was how
+ample and entire in the case of a man--the only one in our
+annals--appointed to wear the shining crown of martyrdom before his
+translation, to get up out of his own blood and recover from the foul
+assassin's bludgeon after medical tortures of the surgeon's moxa in
+combustion on his disabled spine, such as Sequard says he never
+applied to any other living creature.[A]
+
+So he rose to bear the same unflinching testimony, no more groaning
+under the fire of reproach than of the burning cotton; and if proud of
+his position, with perfect consistency modest too.
+
+I did not and at this distance of cooling time do not approve all the
+phraseology he employed on that senatorial occasion; but his weapons
+were words, and, however rough and affronting, for the right: those of
+his foes, equally gross and injurious, were for the wrong; and the
+assault of brutal force came to disturb the equation, in violation of
+all parliamentary privilege, with Douglas and his piratical compeers,
+with ill-disguised pleasure and half-pretended unconcern, looking on
+their own ignominy, crime, and shame, while the martyr that all but,
+yet not quite, expired, after years of suffering comes back, a
+resurrection witness not disposed of, and the assailant and would-be
+executioner dies long first, in Northern and Southern disgrace and his
+own remorse.
+
+At the same height with Milton in his blindness, Sumner, with his torn
+and aching nerves, like a soldier who will not leave the field for
+loss of blood, resumed the conflict, struggling with disappointment
+and sorrow in age and loneliness, still moving ever immediately
+against all the powers of evil and works of the devil, his white
+plume, like that of the French Prince he quoted, floating ever ahead
+to follow; like ex-President, Representative Adams, in his armor to
+the very edge and last of earth, like Buckle, talking in his agony of
+his book, and commending to survivors in Congress his beloved Civil
+Rights' Bill, dealing out well-directed blows for his race of every
+color and tribe till the instant the final stroke came to cut body and
+spirit apart. Truly, the halo of angelic glory hangs not only around
+the heads of dead saints! Such a man might be tempted to claim the
+honor of his fellow-men, and a lofty self-esteem and aspiration to the
+highest dignities hardly misbecame him, who, like Cato, was wrapped in
+conscious integrity, and established in the respect of all
+praiseworthy persons such a place. After the famous eulogy in his Phi
+Beta Kappa oration, of Pickering, Story, Allston, and Channing, the
+toast of John Quincy Adams was: "The memory of the scholar, jurist,
+artist, and divine,--and not the memory, but the long life of the
+kindred genius that has embalmed them all." Yet it has come for him
+also to a memory, and a noble one now.
+
+As a humble cotemporary I copy not others' impressions, but simply set
+down my own. Among his associates, the fault commonly found with
+Sumner is not that he was implacable--none easier to propitiate--but
+impracticable; not an idealist, but ideologist and doctrinary dreamer
+of a peace and freedom on earth which he put into no effective and
+satisfactory form; for ten thousand besides him recommended the
+Emancipation, which John Quincy Adams held justifiable as a war
+measure, and Lincoln proclaimed.
+
+But though the greatness of rulers and social founders is in what they
+establish and bring to pass, yet in default of this rare achievement,
+which happens seldom in the course of ages to any man, a certain
+impracticability is in others in many exigencies a blessing to be
+thankful for, a virtue to applaud. In the collisions of interest with
+principle are plenty to trim, compromise, and compound as oligarchs or
+demagogues bid; but as the merit of some substances is the lack of
+ductility, so how oft we must lean on unmalleable men, whose back-bone
+is not supple as a universal joint, who will not "crook the pregnant
+hinges of the knee where thrift may follow fawning," and who, in a
+noble discontent with all yet undertaken or done, summon to worthier
+performance towards never-attained perfection in betterment of the
+common lot. Mr. Rubinstein was displeased with the preacher who said,
+"Men must be expected to do no more than they can." "No," said the
+artist, "that doctrine letting down the standard is worse than actual
+vice. We can forgive the last, not the first!" Men must do the
+_impossible_,--a word which Napoleon told his officer was beastly,
+never to be spoken, and in his dictionary not found. "With God all
+things are possible," and that means possible to whoever works with
+Him. Said the pianist to his pupils, "If you do not expect or intend
+to write finer music than Beethoven, you have no business to compose
+at all." Mr. Sumner aimed at the sun; and the feeling of philanthropic
+duty with which he stirred the body politic out of the custom of
+chronic oppression and old habit of wrong was of more precious
+consequence than carrying any particular scheme. With this
+earnestness, that would not stop short of improving the world, I was
+struck in my last conversation with him on the threatened Spanish war.
+If he did not interest or magnetize everybody, all individuals, like
+Crittenden or Clay, few cared more for their kind; and this broad
+benevolence, as well as special affection, lays hold on immortality.
+Who shall say such as Agassiz and Sumner are dead? "A great man has
+fallen," said my friend: no, a good man has risen.
+
+Death brings simplicity and reality. As it approaches, learning and
+philosophy go; goodness and conscience are left, the last guests in
+the feast of life at the table of the heart. In Sumner the
+_sentiment_, foremost always, blooms at the pillow where last he laid,
+"so tired and weary," his head; and sentiment, as well as science, has
+eternal claim. He extends courtesy to callers, opens his eye while it
+could open, waves his hand while it had strength to move, says _Sit
+down_ to his old associate, tries to speak when the lips no longer
+obey the will, and sends a legacy of love and reverence more precious
+than any gold to his old friend. _Cold_ was he indeed?
+
+For his noble affections, how we shall remember the solitary and
+little-related man, with no children, when he was sad, to play with in
+his house! His thirst for knowledge, his bent to investigate and study
+whatever had been said and done in the world, would have made him an
+antiquarian save for his patriotic and humanitarian zeal.
+
+What a lover and knower he was of pictures, bronzes, manuscripts, old
+books, curious relics of the past, all memorials in all time of his
+fellow-men! Such research is a sort of humanity. Yet no man's
+sympathies were more in the present than his, or more eager to
+stretch after a perfected civilization in the future.
+
+Indeed, the millennial day shone so upon him through the vista of hope
+as to dazzle and blind him, like Saul on the road to Damascus, to the
+immediate possibilities of action and direct bearings of his theme.
+
+If there were any defect in his style, it was a certain lack of
+proportion, or an exceeding uniform stress, a straining forward
+against the leash of irrefragable circumstance, till in the ardor of
+pursuit the perspective of the subject was lost.
+
+But whatever might be the lesser vices, the great virtues were in his
+judgment and thought.
+
+He was an admirable inciter. How we needed incentives! He hallooed to
+a grander chase than any huntsman's. He was the Lamartine of America,
+_our_ orator of the human race. The Senate floor was to him a popular
+rostrum and sacred stump. He advocated every great cause if he found
+the key of none.
+
+He roused England and the United States, kindling into white heat,
+like dry wood, after such long seasoning, the Alabama difficulties,
+and compelling an attention which doubtless was good for both parties,
+although his extravagant statement of the doctrine of consequential
+damages could not settle the question, and failed of the seal and
+sanction of international law. More human than divine, his
+inspiration came from without rather than from within. The first time
+I saw him, forty years ago, with the same characteristic ornate and
+fervent language, and garnish of Latin references, he elucidated to me
+the difference between a pettifogger or litigious searcher for
+cases--a _pręco actionum_ as he called him--and a jurist of the Judge
+Story stamp.
+
+Already he saw in faith the career for which he turned aside from
+every flattering offer that would divert him, conscious of superior
+ability to serve at the highest posts to which Democrat joined hands
+with Free Soiler to lead. Strange that the seemingly accidental, shall
+I say insincere, vote of a coalition should have furnished the most
+distinguished and perhaps longest continued Senator of the land!
+
+His empty chair on the Senate floor, drew, last week, at the
+obsequies, the spectators' eyes.
+
+But it was unoccupied that he might fill a higher seat prepared,
+waiting for, and needing, not the undying part but the everlasting
+whole; for we are not _whole_ till we drop our dust! Three
+funeral-sensations, I remember,--of Webster, the man of power,
+Lincoln, the man of providence, and Sumner, as I delight to call him,
+the man of purity.
+
+If the shadow of no demise ever brooded over this region as a huge
+pall, a black sheet let down from the sky, like that of the great
+New-Englander; and if no public sorrow in our day and generation was
+ever keener than when the martyr-president gave up the ghost at the
+revengeful stroke of the monster of political slavery, expiring, like
+a leviathan, under his hand; never was a more genuine tribute than
+will be laid on the Senator's tomb, or a completer satisfaction in an
+ended testimony and finished work, whatever part he left for us to
+finish. Several years ago, forced by illness away from the theatre of
+public duties and affairs into a country refuge, as the sounds came
+softened by distance from the arena at the capitol where the
+combatants struggled together, however pleasantly fell the counsels of
+moderation and prudence on my ear, I recognized the clarion of Sumner,
+urging to absolute truth and honor, and, far or near, resounding above
+them all.
+
+Here was a man that could not bend or yield, alloy or qualify,
+surrender or retreat. Here was an incorruptibility proof against
+bribes, and too original in legislatives halls, an originality, if not
+of suggestion yet of heroic act. Here was an obstinacy not of will,
+but idea; for ideas are more obstinate than any human will in the
+world. Here was a necessity not of whim but duty, such as was laid on
+the great apostle to the Gentiles to preach the Gospel, and drove
+Luther to the Diet of Worms. I aim at simple truth as I speak. Such
+stubbornness will surely accomplish great results and always fetch an
+echo from the human breast. I abstain from overstatement. Love must
+not falsify or exaggerate. It is no compliment to exalt another by
+belying ourselves. Our friend belongs to history now; and the
+offerings of a discriminating respect are part of its material. I must
+think of him less as hewn by the Divinity than carving himself. Like
+one of the straws a swallow bears to build its nest, let my poor word
+go to the fashioning by many hands, of the niche of his fame. His head
+had its limits; but there was no outside to his heart! The great man's
+servant, secretary, keeper of his house, farmer of his estate, has
+something valuable to say of him; and the humblest coeval's
+contribution will not be refused or despised. Voicing the feeling of
+no party, for him or against, I but touch the ground of that secret
+respect to his character and aim which not only favorers but foes are
+constrained, unitedly, unanimously, instinctively, to pay.
+
+    "Little heeds he what is said;
+    They have done with all below;"
+
+Such were the commonplaces of the old theology founded on the notion
+of a senseless rest of the dead, or their departure to an infinite
+distance from our earthly abode. But we reconsider such views. He, who
+was so sensitive to his fellow-citizens' regard, can hardly be
+insensible now, or unconscious of our sincere honor. I would speak as
+in his presence and to his ear! His clear voice will be no longer
+heard in our assemblies, or his commanding form cast its welcome
+shadow through our streets.
+
+But the moral stature, with which, as in mental height, he transcended
+the common sons of men, shall be seen and felt.
+
+Nor can the recollection for ages pass how, as a brave knight, with
+superb courage, horsed on ideas for the saving of the land, he flung
+defiance from boldness unsurpassed at the giant wrong,--that dragon
+and old serpent, the form Satan took for us, the _Barbarism of
+Slavery_, and _Slavery sectional not national_, as he entitled the
+greatest speeches he made. His somewhat artificial manner, method, and
+phrase only clothed or cloaked an indigenous force of conscience,
+which was a piece of nature, a divine monolith or monogram, if his
+intellect were not. His meaning no man, white or black, in the land
+doubted or could misunderstand.
+
+If his forensic efforts had been to a nice taste better in some
+respects, the improvement might have made them in others for general
+effect worse or of less effect. They were at least faithfully prepared
+from a width of observation and stock of information seldom equalled,
+and set forth with a consecutive order of formal logic worthy of a
+master in the schools.
+
+Twice has been his conspicuous entry into this town: first, after he
+was outraged for his freedom of utterance in his place; next,
+yesterday, in whatever connection the spirit may have with the
+forsaken robe which it cannot desert or lose all feeling for at once.
+
+How, but as a man of principle, shall he stand for-ever in our memory
+and in the human mind? Let his name, like that of Washington, be a
+lasting rebuke to venality, selfish ambition, bribery, and all
+political intrigue! He is one more added to the band of blessed bigots
+which, wiser than any conformists, all our pilgrim fathers were.
+
+"You can rest soon," he said to the familiar friend and companion in
+clerkly labor who was rubbing the hands fast growing cold in death. No
+chafing can restore what turns to the clay of which it was made. The
+flowers you form into his name will fade, but to cherish his honor we
+will never cease. Let his body be "buried in peace: his name liveth
+evermore."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[A] "Will chloroform make the operation less beneficial?" he asked. "I
+could not lie," said the Doctor, "and said, Yes."--"Then I will not
+take it," he replied.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Senatorial Character, by C. A. Bartol
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+<pre>
+
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Senatorial Character, by C. A. Bartol
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Senatorial Character
+       A Sermon in West Church, Boston, Sunday, 15th of March,
+              After the Decease of Charles Sumner.
+
+Author: C. A. Bartol
+
+Release Date: June 25, 2008 [EBook #25900]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SENATORIAL CHARACTER ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Gerard Arthus and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This book was
+produced from scanned images of public domain material
+from the Google Print project.)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+</pre>
+
+
+<br />
+<hr />
+<br />
+
+<div class="tr">
+<p class="cen" style="font-weight: bold;">Transcriber's Note:</p>
+<br />
+<p class="noin">On <a href="#cotemp">page 15</a>, the word cotemporary, meaning "One who lives
+at the same time with another; a contemporary", is correct.</p>
+<p class="noin">The last sentence of the first paragraph on <a
+href="#missing">page 9</a> is
+likely missing text, a consultation of another source has
+the same content.</p>
+</div>
+
+<br />
+<hr />
+<br />
+
+<h3 class="sc">Senatorial Character:</h3>
+
+<br />
+<br />
+
+<h3>A SERMON</h3>
+
+<br />
+
+<h6>IN</h6>
+
+<h2 class="sc">West Church, Boston,</h2>
+
+<h5 class="sc">Sunday, 15th of March,</h5>
+
+<h6>AFTER THE</h6>
+
+<h3>DECEASE OF CHARLES SUMNER.</h3>
+
+<h4>BY C.A. BARTOL.</h4>
+
+<br />
+<br />
+<br />
+<br />
+<br />
+<br />
+
+
+<h5>BOSTON:<br />
+A. WILLIAMS &amp; CO., 135 WASHINGTON STREET.<br />
+1874.</h5>
+
+<br />
+<hr />
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_3" id="Page_3">[3]</a></span><br />
+<br />
+<br />
+<br />
+
+<h2>SERMON.</h2>
+
+<p class="cen">"<i>He made him to teach his senators wisdom.</i>"&mdash;<span class="sc">Psalms</span> cv, 21, 22.</p>
+<br />
+
+<p>The common theory of the pulpit is of a place devoted to expound some
+old situation, abstract scheme of salvation, or article in a creed. It
+has a higher end,&mdash;to give the meaning of the scenes of real life, in
+which we observe the actors and play ourselves a part. If history be
+philosophy teaching by example, and of all history biography be the
+soul, then human character, when rare and conspicuous in its traits or
+achievements, gives as pattern or warning the chief lesson. Christian
+edification comes less signally from hair-splitting, dogmatic
+distinction than from contemplating for imitation or admonition the
+lives of Enoch and Solomon, Paul and Peter, Jesus and John. So I take
+to-day the death of the most eminent civilian of Massachusetts for my
+theme.</p>
+
+<p>As the King in Egypt chose Joseph to teach his senators wisdom, no man
+of late years has equalled Charles Sumner as an instructor or
+influence in the Senate of the United States.</p>
+
+<p>An instinct of nature prompts us to make some account and sum up the
+significance of any one's career, <span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_4" id="Page_4">[4]</a></span>privately, on the domestic stage,
+or before the people, if he has challenged attention in a larger
+sphere.</p>
+
+<p>It may be useful to make some discriminating estimate of Mr. Sumner's
+contributions to the public good, the legislature of a free State in a
+great Union being the monarch that for so long a period continued to
+elect him to his high office.</p>
+
+<p>However opinions may differ of his prudence or ability, the weight of
+his word or importance of his position none will doubt.</p>
+
+<p>Our messenger of the lightning had no greater task this last week in
+the world than to wait at his threshold and run with news every hour
+over the wires of his estate.</p>
+
+<p>His principal peers at his bedside and his colored clients flocking
+for inquiry at his door showed a feeling of love and sympathy reaching
+from the highest to the lowest class.</p>
+
+<p>In culture he was a match for nobles, in temper he was a champion of
+the oppressed and friend to the poor.</p>
+
+<p>I suppose no American name is more widely known and celebrated in all
+civilized lands.</p>
+
+<p>Great Britain and France will feel the shock of his decease.</p>
+
+<p>That one of our political pillars has fallen will be <span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[5]</a></span>known at the
+Court of St. Petersburg and among the counsellors of Berlin.</p>
+
+<p>Italy and Spain, with their Republican struggles and aims, will miss
+an advocate on this side the sea.</p>
+
+<p>Castelar will mourn the departure of a companion in arms in the
+peaceful battles of reform, as Cavour might have felt through the
+cable from him for emancipation an electric touch.</p>
+
+<p>South America, with her strange mixture of barbarism with liberation,
+will be conscious of owing some honor to the obsequies of a
+sympathizer with all that is generous in her aspirations.</p>
+
+<p>Hayti will deplore the decease of a supporter of her rights more
+powerful than any on her own shores.</p>
+
+<p>A flutter of pain and sorrow will pass through that whole flock of
+islands alighted, as in the great harbor of our land, betwixt the Gulf
+of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea.</p>
+
+<p>So it will be because not only a man, a citizen of the Commonwealth
+and foremost trustee in the Congress of the country, but a cosmopolite
+is dead, deserving that name as truly as any man who, since the
+settlement of these colonies, has lived within their bounds.</p>
+
+<p>What is the reason of the wide consequence of this event?</p>
+
+<p>Not in the man's extraordinary original power.</p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">[6]</a></span>Nature did not intend aught intellectually pre-eminent in his
+constitution.</p>
+
+<p>It had no organic strength to strike out new paths in action or
+expression.</p>
+
+<p>It fell into ways other agents had broken.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Sumner was not even an aboriginal abolitionist; he joined and did
+yeoman's service in the antislavery ranks.</p>
+
+<p>He startled the soldiers, twenty-nine years ago, in Boston, with his
+extreme doctrine of peace; but he followed Ladd and others, with
+copious illustration, but no new sentiment or novel idea.</p>
+
+<p>Of origination there is no speck in his reflections or spark in his
+style.</p>
+
+<p>His mind is parasitical, his discourse full of precedents, quotations,
+classic scenes, and historic allusions, sometimes savoring of
+schoolboy recitations, sophomoric and declamatory, stilted and
+grotesque. Yet he is in the list of wonderful men. Others thought and
+he was led to fancy some resemblance in his feature and person to
+Edmund Burke, which the portrait of Mr. Burke might actually suggest;
+but this resemblance to the great English Commoner was but skin-deep,
+with little hint of the deep sea line that fathomed every question, or
+the impassioned imagination which cast the light of flame on every
+measure, and kindled <span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[7]</a></span>with magnetic sympathy, against the French
+Revolution and for American privilege, now one and now another portion
+of the British realm.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Sumner was perhaps a greater lover of freedom in its principle as
+an inherent right and claim of all mankind than Mr. Burke; but Burke
+had pre-eminent genius in politics, Sumner only accomplished talent,
+though in the later light of a more humane era put to service in a
+grander cause.</p>
+
+<p>Shakespeare, Milton, Bacon, Newton, Burke, William Blake: such would
+be our shining classification for poetry, philosophy, science,
+politics, art, in the mother land.</p>
+
+<p>But for native force we should think of many persons before Sumner in
+his own field of study and pursuit.</p>
+
+<p>He had not the majestic sweep of Webster, the weight or heat of that
+mountain with its base of granite and flame, the fiery eloquence of
+Clay, the close grip of John Quincy Adams in argument, or the subtile
+felicity and gleam of primary perception which William Henry Seward
+brought for the enlivening of debate.</p>
+
+<p>He never could have invented the New-Yorker's phrase of <i>The
+Irrepressible Conflict</i> as applied to the Free and Slave States, or
+the Illinoisian Abraham Lincoln's grander adaptation of Scripture,&mdash;<i>A
+house <span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[8]</a></span>divided against itself cannot stand: I do not expect the house
+to fall, but to cease to be divided.</i></p>
+
+<p>Mr. Sumner quoted abundantly, but he is not for any rhetorical merits
+or ideal inventions in the whole range of his voluminous works
+quotable, however rich in his right to be cited for the spirit and
+design on every page.</p>
+
+<p>He stands not strong among men of strength, thinkers and benefactors
+at first hand, germinators of thought and heroism in the van of the
+race,&mdash;such as bear the stamp of a primitive and primeval energy, like
+Abraham, Noah, Moses, David and Paul, Buddha and Mohammed, Socrates
+and Plato, in the East; Garrison and John Brown among ourselves.</p>
+
+<p>He was an orator of the conceptions of his predecessors and superiors,
+an arguer of the case, a sheriff to execute a writ.</p>
+
+<p>One name I do not mention in this comparison, because, being neither
+ancient nor modern, it is greatest of all.</p>
+
+<p>But if his were a secondary mind, a vine round a stouter trunk, how
+like some such creeper it towered and grew, appropriated nourishment
+and vigor from the old decaying boughs, till at length, with superior
+toughness and tenacity, it could breast every breeze, and stood
+proudly alone!</p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[9]</a></span>Yet his understanding was that not of the revealer, but the scholar to
+the last. He imparted what he learned; he knew what he had been told.
+His delivery was not, like Patrick Henry's, a bolt from Heaven to rend
+the obstacle and burn up opposition, but a crystal stream flowing
+smoothly from some rock that had garnered up the mountain-dew and the
+rain; and he <a name="missing" id="missing"></a> completely informed if he did not like Fisher Ames
+irresistibly charm.</p>
+
+<p>But in the moral region lay the real greatness of the man. His
+conscience was original and he had no original sin.</p>
+
+<p>No imputation on his purpose but cleared away like the cloud from a
+breath on spotless steel, leaving the metal bright as before.</p>
+
+<p>He was as incorruptible as he honorably said to me was Fessenden, his
+great rival in the Senate; and when he also one day, speaking of his
+limited means, remarked: "I have never had the art to get my hands
+into the Treasury," I was fain to answer, "You the whole man are in
+the Treasury yourself." He was indeed in our politics a fund and
+never-broken bank of moral wealth. Justice was his inspiration. He was
+a prophet by equity. Righteousness was his genius; and humanity, in
+any lack of imagination, his insight and foresight. He was without
+spot. He wore <span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[10]</a></span>ermine though he sat not on the bench. John Jay had not
+cleaner hands, nor John Marshall a more honest will; Hamilton and
+Jefferson were no more patriotic in contending than he in every legal
+or congressional strife; and Story, his favorite teacher, and whose
+favorite pupil he was, no more opulent in knowledge or innocent in its
+use.</p>
+
+<p>As an antagonist, handling questions of motive or policy, he was as
+frank as the lion-hearted Richard and simple as a child.</p>
+
+<p>From those early debates to which I listened, on prison discipline,
+thirty years ago, to his latest speech on the Centennial Exhibition,
+this candor, amounting to generosity and magnanimity, was plain as the
+sun.</p>
+
+<p>He had no tricks, no management, no intrigue. He showed his hand.</p>
+
+<p>Could he not prevail by openness and sincerity, he would not prevail
+at all.</p>
+
+<p>If he started no new ideas or measures that have been adopted
+precisely in the way he conceived, or shape he gave, he mightily
+sustained all good ones, and of their goodness he would not abate a
+tithe.</p>
+
+<p>Of this rectitude benignity was the crown. Sternly exposing what he
+thought mean or unworthy in any proceeding or adversary, his severity
+was in his argument and rhetoric rather than in the feeling of his
+soul. <span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[11]</a></span>Without a sweet disposition no man could have had such a smile.
+Without some grandeur of design no man ever displayed such a
+countenance and port, handsome and sublime. In his intentness and
+earnestness, he did not suspect the liability of his expressions to
+the charge of a vindictiveness he was unconscious of in his own
+breast. It was like a philippic of Demosthenes; it was a Ciceronian
+oration against some Catiline, real or supposed. A poetic sort of
+revenge was all he meant to take, although his language to opponents,
+whom perhaps he sometimes mistook, may be subject to blame. Pity he
+was so devoid of humor to recommend or soften his strokes!</p>
+
+<p>His old peace doctrine, doubtless, mainly prompted his battle-flag
+resolution, while the time of offering it and his nearly
+contemporaneous break with his party seemed to betray an unfair and
+personal bias of which he was unaware.</p>
+
+<p>Sensible of his great and long importance to the government, an
+egoistic, assuming, imperious, irascible inclination may to some have
+appeared to be disclosed; but he ingenuously felt he had a title to be
+consulted and that it was a slight and insult to set him aside. Let
+the administration that refused him as an instrument beware lest it
+become a hammer in the hands of inferior men, whose success will be
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[12]</a></span>suicide, and itself the tool! This may an inspiration from his coffin
+prevent! Massachusetts has honored herself at least as much as she did
+her son, and cast from yonder halls one ray of comfort on his seat in
+the Senate and on his death-bed in rescinding the censure on his
+course; for his memory is among her trophies,&mdash;no banner more so that
+hangs beneath the cupola above the marble floor,&mdash;and she is the
+inheritor of his renown; for if "Providence made Washington childless
+that the country might call him father," Sumner is without offspring
+that the State may be his mourner.</p>
+
+<p>This freedom from all selfish heat or hate, one distinction of the
+statesman from the politician, is a trait too rare to pass without
+emphasis and applause.</p>
+
+<p>An example, indeed, to the ordinary run of village contrivers, caucus
+packers, and municipal aspirants, of a man who never pulled a wire,
+rolled a log, laid a pipe, listened in a lobby, whispered in the ear
+what might not be proclaimed on the house-top, held a man by the
+button, or blew any trumpet but of the public good, however in his
+magnificent self-respect he might be falsely accused of wishing to
+blow only his own!</p>
+
+<p>If a jealous personal honor ever had apology or excuse, it was how
+ample and entire in the case of a man&mdash;the only one in our
+annals&mdash;appointed to wear the shining crown of martyrdom before his
+translation, to <span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[13]</a></span>get up out of his own blood and recover from the foul
+assassin's bludgeon after medical tortures of the surgeon's moxa in
+combustion on his disabled spine, such as Sequard says he never
+applied to any other living creature.<a name="FNanchor_A_1" id="FNanchor_A_1"></a><a href="#Footnote_A_1" class="fnanchor">[A]</a></p>
+
+<p>So he rose to bear the same unflinching testimony, no more groaning
+under the fire of reproach than of the burning cotton; and if proud of
+his position, with perfect consistency modest too.</p>
+
+<p>I did not and at this distance of cooling time do not approve all the
+phraseology he employed on that senatorial occasion; but his weapons
+were words, and, however rough and affronting, for the right: those of
+his foes, equally gross and injurious, were for the wrong; and the
+assault of brutal force came to disturb the equation, in violation of
+all parliamentary privilege, with Douglas and his piratical compeers,
+with ill-disguised pleasure and half-pretended unconcern, looking on
+their own ignominy, crime, and shame, while the martyr that all but,
+yet not quite, expired, after years of suffering comes back, a
+resurrection witness not disposed of, and the assailant and would-be
+executioner dies long first, in Northern and Southern disgrace and his
+own remorse.</p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[14]</a></span>At the same height with Milton in his blindness, Sumner, with his torn
+and aching nerves, like a soldier who will not leave the field for
+loss of blood, resumed the conflict, struggling with disappointment
+and sorrow in age and loneliness, still moving ever immediately
+against all the powers of evil and works of the devil, his white
+plume, like that of the French Prince he quoted, floating ever ahead
+to follow; like ex-President, Representative Adams, in his armor to
+the very edge and last of earth, like Buckle, talking in his agony of
+his book, and commending to survivors in Congress his beloved Civil
+Rights' Bill, dealing out well-directed blows for his race of every
+color and tribe till the instant the final stroke came to cut body and
+spirit apart. Truly, the halo of angelic glory hangs not only around
+the heads of dead saints! Such a man might be tempted to claim the
+honor of his fellow-men, and a lofty self-esteem and aspiration to the
+highest dignities hardly misbecame him, who, like Cato, was wrapped in
+conscious integrity, and established in the respect of all
+praiseworthy persons such a place. After the famous eulogy in his Phi
+Beta Kappa oration, of Pickering, Story, Allston, and Channing, the
+toast of John Quincy Adams was: "The memory of the scholar, jurist,
+artist, and divine,&mdash;and not the memory, but the long life of the
+kindred genius that has embalmed them all." Yet <span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[15]</a></span>it has come for him
+also to a memory, and a noble one now.</p>
+
+<p>As a humble <a name="cotemp" id="cotemp"></a>cotemporary I copy not others' impressions, but simply set
+down my own. Among his associates, the fault commonly found with
+Sumner is not that he was implacable&mdash;none easier to propitiate&mdash;but
+impracticable; not an idealist, but ideologist and doctrinary dreamer
+of a peace and freedom on earth which he put into no effective and
+satisfactory form; for ten thousand besides him recommended the
+Emancipation, which John Quincy Adams held justifiable as a war
+measure, and Lincoln proclaimed.</p>
+
+<p>But though the greatness of rulers and social founders is in what they
+establish and bring to pass, yet in default of this rare achievement,
+which happens seldom in the course of ages to any man, a certain
+impracticability is in others in many exigencies a blessing to be
+thankful for, a virtue to applaud. In the collisions of interest with
+principle are plenty to trim, compromise, and compound as oligarchs or
+demagogues bid; but as the merit of some substances is the lack of
+ductility, so how oft we must lean on unmalleable men, whose back-bone
+is not supple as a universal joint, who will not "crook the pregnant
+hinges of the knee where thrift may follow fawning," and who, in a
+noble discontent with all yet undertaken or done, <span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[16]</a></span>summon to worthier
+performance towards never-attained perfection in betterment of the
+common lot. Mr. Rubinstein was displeased with the preacher who said,
+"Men must be expected to do no more than they can." "No," said the
+artist, "that doctrine letting down the standard is worse than actual
+vice. We can forgive the last, not the first!" Men must do the
+<i>impossible</i>,&mdash;a word which Napoleon told his officer was beastly,
+never to be spoken, and in his dictionary not found. "With God all
+things are possible," and that means possible to whoever works with
+Him. Said the pianist to his pupils, "If you do not expect or intend
+to write finer music than Beethoven, you have no business to compose
+at all." Mr. Sumner aimed at the sun; and the feeling of philanthropic
+duty with which he stirred the body politic out of the custom of
+chronic oppression and old habit of wrong was of more precious
+consequence than carrying any particular scheme. With this
+earnestness, that would not stop short of improving the world, I was
+struck in my last conversation with him on the threatened Spanish war.
+If he did not interest or magnetize everybody, all individuals, like
+Crittenden or Clay, few cared more for their kind; and this broad
+benevolence, as well as special affection, lays hold on immortality.
+Who shall say such as Agassiz and Sumner are dead? "A great man <span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[17]</a></span>has
+fallen," said my friend: no, a good man has risen.</p>
+
+<p>Death brings simplicity and reality. As it approaches, learning and
+philosophy go; goodness and conscience are left, the last guests in
+the feast of life at the table of the heart. In Sumner the
+<i>sentiment</i>, foremost always, blooms at the pillow where last he laid,
+"so tired and weary," his head; and sentiment, as well as science, has
+eternal claim. He extends courtesy to callers, opens his eye while it
+could open, waves his hand while it had strength to move, says <i>Sit
+down</i> to his old associate, tries to speak when the lips no longer
+obey the will, and sends a legacy of love and reverence more precious
+than any gold to his old friend. <i>Cold</i> was he indeed?</p>
+
+<p>For his noble affections, how we shall remember the solitary and
+little-related man, with no children, when he was sad, to play with in
+his house! His thirst for knowledge, his bent to investigate and study
+whatever had been said and done in the world, would have made him an
+antiquarian save for his patriotic and humanitarian zeal.</p>
+
+<p>What a lover and knower he was of pictures, bronzes, manuscripts, old
+books, curious relics of the past, all memorials in all time of his
+fellow-men! Such research is a sort of humanity. Yet no man's
+sympathies <span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[18]</a></span>were more in the present than his, or more eager to
+stretch after a perfected civilization in the future.</p>
+
+<p>Indeed, the millennial day shone so upon him through the vista of hope
+as to dazzle and blind him, like Saul on the road to Damascus, to the
+immediate possibilities of action and direct bearings of his theme.</p>
+
+<p>If there were any defect in his style, it was a certain lack of
+proportion, or an exceeding uniform stress, a straining forward
+against the leash of irrefragable circumstance, till in the ardor of
+pursuit the perspective of the subject was lost.</p>
+
+<p>But whatever might be the lesser vices, the great virtues were in his
+judgment and thought.</p>
+
+<p>He was an admirable inciter. How we needed incentives! He hallooed to
+a grander chase than any huntsman's. He was the Lamartine of America,
+<i>our</i> orator of the human race. The Senate floor was to him a popular
+rostrum and sacred stump. He advocated every great cause if he found
+the key of none.</p>
+
+<p>He roused England and the United States, kindling into white heat,
+like dry wood, after such long seasoning, the Alabama difficulties,
+and compelling an attention which doubtless was good for both parties,
+although his extravagant statement of the doctrine of consequential
+damages could not settle the question, and failed of the seal and
+sanction of international law. <span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[19]</a></span>More human than divine, his
+inspiration came from without rather than from within. The first time
+I saw him, forty years ago, with the same characteristic ornate and
+fervent language, and garnish of Latin references, he elucidated to me
+the difference between a pettifogger or litigious searcher for
+cases&mdash;a <i>pr&aelig;co actionum</i> as he called him&mdash;and a jurist of the Judge
+Story stamp.</p>
+
+<p>Already he saw in faith the career for which he turned aside from
+every flattering offer that would divert him, conscious of superior
+ability to serve at the highest posts to which Democrat joined hands
+with Free Soiler to lead. Strange that the seemingly accidental, shall
+I say insincere, vote of a coalition should have furnished the most
+distinguished and perhaps longest continued Senator of the land!</p>
+
+<p>His empty chair on the Senate floor, drew, last week, at the
+obsequies, the spectators' eyes.</p>
+
+<p>But it was unoccupied that he might fill a higher seat prepared,
+waiting for, and needing, not the undying part but the everlasting
+whole; for we are not <i>whole</i> till we drop our dust! Three
+funeral-sensations, I remember,&mdash;of Webster, the man of power,
+Lincoln, the man of providence, and Sumner, as I delight to call him,
+the man of purity.</p>
+
+<p>If the shadow of no demise ever brooded over this <span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[20]</a></span>region as a huge
+pall, a black sheet let down from the sky, like that of the great
+New-Englander; and if no public sorrow in our day and generation was
+ever keener than when the martyr-president gave up the ghost at the
+revengeful stroke of the monster of political slavery, expiring, like
+a leviathan, under his hand; never was a more genuine tribute than
+will be laid on the Senator's tomb, or a completer satisfaction in an
+ended testimony and finished work, whatever part he left for us to
+finish. Several years ago, forced by illness away from the theatre of
+public duties and affairs into a country refuge, as the sounds came
+softened by distance from the arena at the capitol where the
+combatants struggled together, however pleasantly fell the counsels of
+moderation and prudence on my ear, I recognized the clarion of Sumner,
+urging to absolute truth and honor, and, far or near, resounding above
+them all.</p>
+
+<p>Here was a man that could not bend or yield, alloy or qualify,
+surrender or retreat. Here was an incorruptibility proof against
+bribes, and too original in legislatives halls, an originality, if not
+of suggestion yet of heroic act. Here was an obstinacy not of will,
+but idea; for ideas are more obstinate than any human will in the
+world. Here was a necessity not of whim but duty, such as was laid on
+the great apostle <span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[21]</a></span>to the Gentiles to preach the Gospel, and drove
+Luther to the Diet of Worms. I aim at simple truth as I speak. Such
+stubbornness will surely accomplish great results and always fetch an
+echo from the human breast. I abstain from overstatement. Love must
+not falsify or exaggerate. It is no compliment to exalt another by
+belying ourselves. Our friend belongs to history now; and the
+offerings of a discriminating respect are part of its material. I must
+think of him less as hewn by the Divinity than carving himself. Like
+one of the straws a swallow bears to build its nest, let my poor word
+go to the fashioning by many hands, of the niche of his fame. His head
+had its limits; but there was no outside to his heart! The great man's
+servant, secretary, keeper of his house, farmer of his estate, has
+something valuable to say of him; and the humblest coeval's
+contribution will not be refused or despised. Voicing the feeling of
+no party, for him or against, I but touch the ground of that secret
+respect to his character and aim which not only favorers but foes are
+constrained, unitedly, unanimously, instinctively, to pay.</p>
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">"Little heeds he what is said;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">They have done with all below;"<br /></span>
+</div></div>
+
+<p>Such were the commonplaces of the old theology <span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[22]</a></span>founded on the notion
+of a senseless rest of the dead, or their departure to an infinite
+distance from our earthly abode. But we reconsider such views. He, who
+was so sensitive to his fellow-citizens' regard, can hardly be
+insensible now, or unconscious of our sincere honor. I would speak as
+in his presence and to his ear! His clear voice will be no longer
+heard in our assemblies, or his commanding form cast its welcome
+shadow through our streets.</p>
+
+<p>But the moral stature, with which, as in mental height, he transcended
+the common sons of men, shall be seen and felt.</p>
+
+<p>Nor can the recollection for ages pass how, as a brave knight, with
+superb courage, horsed on ideas for the saving of the land, he flung
+defiance from boldness unsurpassed at the giant wrong,&mdash;that dragon
+and old serpent, the form Satan took for us, the <i>Barbarism of
+Slavery</i>, and <i>Slavery sectional not national</i>, as he entitled the
+greatest speeches he made. His somewhat artificial manner, method, and
+phrase only clothed or cloaked an indigenous force of conscience,
+which was a piece of nature, a divine monolith or monogram, if his
+intellect were not. His meaning no man, white or black, in the land
+doubted or could misunderstand.</p>
+
+<p>If his forensic efforts had been to a nice taste better in some
+respects, the improvement might have made <span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[23]</a></span>them in others for general
+effect worse or of less effect. They were at least faithfully prepared
+from a width of observation and stock of information seldom equalled,
+and set forth with a consecutive order of formal logic worthy of a
+master in the schools.</p>
+
+<p>Twice has been his conspicuous entry into this town: first, after he
+was outraged for his freedom of utterance in his place; next,
+yesterday, in whatever connection the spirit may have with the
+forsaken robe which it cannot desert or lose all feeling for at once.</p>
+
+<p>How, but as a man of principle, shall he stand for-ever in our memory
+and in the human mind? Let his name, like that of Washington, be a
+lasting rebuke to venality, selfish ambition, bribery, and all
+political intrigue! He is one more added to the band of blessed bigots
+which, wiser than any conformists, all our pilgrim fathers were.</p>
+
+<p>"You can rest soon," he said to the familiar friend and companion in
+clerkly labor who was rubbing the hands fast growing cold in death. No
+chafing can restore what turns to the clay of which it was made. The
+flowers you form into his name will fade, but to cherish his honor we
+will never cease. Let his body be "buried in peace: his name liveth
+evermore."</p>
+
+<br />
+<hr />
+<br />
+
+<h4>FOOTNOTES:</h4>
+
+<div class="footnote"><p class="noin"><a name="Footnote_A_1" id="Footnote_A_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_A_1"><span class="label">[A]</span></a> "Will chloroform make the operation less beneficial?" he
+asked. "I could not lie," said the Doctor, "and said, Yes."&mdash;"Then I
+will not take it," he replied.</p></div>
+
+<br />
+<hr />
+<br />
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<pre>
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Senatorial Character, by C. A. Bartol
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+</body>
+</html>
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@@ -0,0 +1,967 @@
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Senatorial Character, by C. A. Bartol
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Senatorial Character
+       A Sermon in West Church, Boston, Sunday, 15th of March,
+       After the Decease of Charles Sumner.
+
+Author: C. A. Bartol
+
+Release Date: June 25, 2008 [EBook #25900]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SENATORIAL CHARACTER ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Gerard Arthus and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This book was
+produced from scanned images of public domain material
+from the Google Print project.)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+    +-------------------------------------------------------------+
+    | Transcriber's Note:                                         |
+    | The last sentence of the first paragraph on page 9 is       |
+    | likely missing text. A consultation of another source has   |
+    | the same content.                                           |
+    |                                                             |
+    | On page 15, the word cotemporary, meaning "One who lives    |
+    | at the same time with another; a contemporary", is correct. |
+    |                                                             |
+    +-------------------------------------------------------------+
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+SENATORIAL CHARACTER:
+
+
+A SERMON
+
+IN
+
+WEST CHURCH, BOSTON,
+
+SUNDAY, 15TH OF MARCH,
+
+AFTER THE
+
+DECEASE OF CHARLES SUMNER.
+
+BY C.A. BARTOL.
+
+
+
+
+BOSTON:
+A. WILLIAMS & CO., 135 WASHINGTON STREET.
+1874.
+
+
+
+
+SERMON.
+
+"_He made him to teach his senators wisdom._"--Psalms cv, 21, 22.
+
+
+The common theory of the pulpit is of a place devoted to expound some
+old situation, abstract scheme of salvation, or article in a creed. It
+has a higher end,--to give the meaning of the scenes of real life, in
+which we observe the actors and play ourselves a part. If history be
+philosophy teaching by example, and of all history biography be the
+soul, then human character, when rare and conspicuous in its traits or
+achievements, gives as pattern or warning the chief lesson. Christian
+edification comes less signally from hair-splitting, dogmatic
+distinction than from contemplating for imitation or admonition the
+lives of Enoch and Solomon, Paul and Peter, Jesus and John. So I take
+to-day the death of the most eminent civilian of Massachusetts for my
+theme.
+
+As the King in Egypt chose Joseph to teach his senators wisdom, no man
+of late years has equalled Charles Sumner as an instructor or
+influence in the Senate of the United States.
+
+An instinct of nature prompts us to make some account and sum up the
+significance of any one's career, privately, on the domestic stage,
+or before the people, if he has challenged attention in a larger
+sphere.
+
+It may be useful to make some discriminating estimate of Mr. Sumner's
+contributions to the public good, the legislature of a free State in a
+great Union being the monarch that for so long a period continued to
+elect him to his high office.
+
+However opinions may differ of his prudence or ability, the weight of
+his word or importance of his position none will doubt.
+
+Our messenger of the lightning had no greater task this last week in
+the world than to wait at his threshold and run with news every hour
+over the wires of his estate.
+
+His principal peers at his bedside and his colored clients flocking
+for inquiry at his door showed a feeling of love and sympathy reaching
+from the highest to the lowest class.
+
+In culture he was a match for nobles, in temper he was a champion of
+the oppressed and friend to the poor.
+
+I suppose no American name is more widely known and celebrated in all
+civilized lands.
+
+Great Britain and France will feel the shock of his decease.
+
+That one of our political pillars has fallen will be known at the
+Court of St. Petersburg and among the counsellors of Berlin.
+
+Italy and Spain, with their Republican struggles and aims, will miss
+an advocate on this side the sea.
+
+Castelar will mourn the departure of a companion in arms in the
+peaceful battles of reform, as Cavour might have felt through the
+cable from him for emancipation an electric touch.
+
+South America, with her strange mixture of barbarism with liberation,
+will be conscious of owing some honor to the obsequies of a
+sympathizer with all that is generous in her aspirations.
+
+Hayti will deplore the decease of a supporter of her rights more
+powerful than any on her own shores.
+
+A flutter of pain and sorrow will pass through that whole flock of
+islands alighted, as in the great harbor of our land, betwixt the Gulf
+of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea.
+
+So it will be because not only a man, a citizen of the Commonwealth
+and foremost trustee in the Congress of the country, but a cosmopolite
+is dead, deserving that name as truly as any man who, since the
+settlement of these colonies, has lived within their bounds.
+
+What is the reason of the wide consequence of this event?
+
+Not in the man's extraordinary original power.
+
+Nature did not intend aught intellectually pre-eminent in his
+constitution.
+
+It had no organic strength to strike out new paths in action or
+expression.
+
+It fell into ways other agents had broken.
+
+Mr. Sumner was not even an aboriginal abolitionist; he joined and did
+yeoman's service in the antislavery ranks.
+
+He startled the soldiers, twenty-nine years ago, in Boston, with his
+extreme doctrine of peace; but he followed Ladd and others, with
+copious illustration, but no new sentiment or novel idea.
+
+Of origination there is no speck in his reflections or spark in his
+style.
+
+His mind is parasitical, his discourse full of precedents, quotations,
+classic scenes, and historic allusions, sometimes savoring of
+schoolboy recitations, sophomoric and declamatory, stilted and
+grotesque. Yet he is in the list of wonderful men. Others thought and
+he was led to fancy some resemblance in his feature and person to
+Edmund Burke, which the portrait of Mr. Burke might actually suggest;
+but this resemblance to the great English Commoner was but skin-deep,
+with little hint of the deep sea line that fathomed every question, or
+the impassioned imagination which cast the light of flame on every
+measure, and kindled with magnetic sympathy, against the French
+Revolution and for American privilege, now one and now another portion
+of the British realm.
+
+Mr. Sumner was perhaps a greater lover of freedom in its principle as
+an inherent right and claim of all mankind than Mr. Burke; but Burke
+had pre-eminent genius in politics, Sumner only accomplished talent,
+though in the later light of a more humane era put to service in a
+grander cause.
+
+Shakespeare, Milton, Bacon, Newton, Burke, William Blake: such would
+be our shining classification for poetry, philosophy, science,
+politics, art, in the mother land.
+
+But for native force we should think of many persons before Sumner in
+his own field of study and pursuit.
+
+He had not the majestic sweep of Webster, the weight or heat of that
+mountain with its base of granite and flame, the fiery eloquence of
+Clay, the close grip of John Quincy Adams in argument, or the subtile
+felicity and gleam of primary perception which William Henry Seward
+brought for the enlivening of debate.
+
+He never could have invented the New-Yorker's phrase of _The
+Irrepressible Conflict_ as applied to the Free and Slave States, or
+the Illinoisian Abraham Lincoln's grander adaptation of Scripture,--_A
+house divided against itself cannot stand: I do not expect the house
+to fall, but to cease to be divided._
+
+Mr. Sumner quoted abundantly, but he is not for any rhetorical merits
+or ideal inventions in the whole range of his voluminous works
+quotable, however rich in his right to be cited for the spirit and
+design on every page.
+
+He stands not strong among men of strength, thinkers and benefactors
+at first hand, germinators of thought and heroism in the van of the
+race,--such as bear the stamp of a primitive and primeval energy, like
+Abraham, Noah, Moses, David and Paul, Buddha and Mohammed, Socrates
+and Plato, in the East; Garrison and John Brown among ourselves.
+
+He was an orator of the conceptions of his predecessors and superiors,
+an arguer of the case, a sheriff to execute a writ.
+
+One name I do not mention in this comparison, because, being neither
+ancient nor modern, it is greatest of all.
+
+But if his were a secondary mind, a vine round a stouter trunk, how
+like some such creeper it towered and grew, appropriated nourishment
+and vigor from the old decaying boughs, till at length, with superior
+toughness and tenacity, it could breast every breeze, and stood
+proudly alone!
+
+Yet his understanding was that not of the revealer, but the scholar to
+the last. He imparted what he learned; he knew what he had been told.
+His delivery was not, like Patrick Henry's, a bolt from Heaven to rend
+the obstacle and burn up opposition, but a crystal stream flowing
+smoothly from some rock that had garnered up the mountain-dew and the
+rain; and he completely informed if he did not like Fisher Ames
+irresistibly charm.
+
+But in the moral region lay the real greatness of the man. His
+conscience was original and he had no original sin.
+
+No imputation on his purpose but cleared away like the cloud from a
+breath on spotless steel, leaving the metal bright as before.
+
+He was as incorruptible as he honorably said to me was Fessenden, his
+great rival in the Senate; and when he also one day, speaking of his
+limited means, remarked: "I have never had the art to get my hands
+into the Treasury," I was fain to answer, "You the whole man are in
+the Treasury yourself." He was indeed in our politics a fund and
+never-broken bank of moral wealth. Justice was his inspiration. He was
+a prophet by equity. Righteousness was his genius; and humanity, in
+any lack of imagination, his insight and foresight. He was without
+spot. He wore ermine though he sat not on the bench. John Jay had not
+cleaner hands, nor John Marshall a more honest will; Hamilton and
+Jefferson were no more patriotic in contending than he in every legal
+or congressional strife; and Story, his favorite teacher, and whose
+favorite pupil he was, no more opulent in knowledge or innocent in its
+use.
+
+As an antagonist, handling questions of motive or policy, he was as
+frank as the lion-hearted Richard and simple as a child.
+
+From those early debates to which I listened, on prison discipline,
+thirty years ago, to his latest speech on the Centennial Exhibition,
+this candor, amounting to generosity and magnanimity, was plain as the
+sun.
+
+He had no tricks, no management, no intrigue. He showed his hand.
+
+Could he not prevail by openness and sincerity, he would not prevail
+at all.
+
+If he started no new ideas or measures that have been adopted
+precisely in the way he conceived, or shape he gave, he mightily
+sustained all good ones, and of their goodness he would not abate a
+tithe.
+
+Of this rectitude benignity was the crown. Sternly exposing what he
+thought mean or unworthy in any proceeding or adversary, his severity
+was in his argument and rhetoric rather than in the feeling of his
+soul. Without a sweet disposition no man could have had such a smile.
+Without some grandeur of design no man ever displayed such a
+countenance and port, handsome and sublime. In his intentness and
+earnestness, he did not suspect the liability of his expressions to
+the charge of a vindictiveness he was unconscious of in his own
+breast. It was like a philippic of Demosthenes; it was a Ciceronian
+oration against some Catiline, real or supposed. A poetic sort of
+revenge was all he meant to take, although his language to opponents,
+whom perhaps he sometimes mistook, may be subject to blame. Pity he
+was so devoid of humor to recommend or soften his strokes!
+
+His old peace doctrine, doubtless, mainly prompted his battle-flag
+resolution, while the time of offering it and his nearly
+contemporaneous break with his party seemed to betray an unfair and
+personal bias of which he was unaware.
+
+Sensible of his great and long importance to the government, an
+egoistic, assuming, imperious, irascible inclination may to some have
+appeared to be disclosed; but he ingenuously felt he had a title to be
+consulted and that it was a slight and insult to set him aside. Let
+the administration that refused him as an instrument beware lest it
+become a hammer in the hands of inferior men, whose success will be
+suicide, and itself the tool! This may an inspiration from his coffin
+prevent! Massachusetts has honored herself at least as much as she did
+her son, and cast from yonder halls one ray of comfort on his seat in
+the Senate and on his death-bed in rescinding the censure on his
+course; for his memory is among her trophies,--no banner more so that
+hangs beneath the cupola above the marble floor,--and she is the
+inheritor of his renown; for if "Providence made Washington childless
+that the country might call him father," Sumner is without offspring
+that the State may be his mourner.
+
+This freedom from all selfish heat or hate, one distinction of the
+statesman from the politician, is a trait too rare to pass without
+emphasis and applause.
+
+An example, indeed, to the ordinary run of village contrivers, caucus
+packers, and municipal aspirants, of a man who never pulled a wire,
+rolled a log, laid a pipe, listened in a lobby, whispered in the ear
+what might not be proclaimed on the house-top, held a man by the
+button, or blew any trumpet but of the public good, however in his
+magnificent self-respect he might be falsely accused of wishing to
+blow only his own!
+
+If a jealous personal honor ever had apology or excuse, it was how
+ample and entire in the case of a man--the only one in our
+annals--appointed to wear the shining crown of martyrdom before his
+translation, to get up out of his own blood and recover from the foul
+assassin's bludgeon after medical tortures of the surgeon's moxa in
+combustion on his disabled spine, such as Sequard says he never
+applied to any other living creature.[A]
+
+So he rose to bear the same unflinching testimony, no more groaning
+under the fire of reproach than of the burning cotton; and if proud of
+his position, with perfect consistency modest too.
+
+I did not and at this distance of cooling time do not approve all the
+phraseology he employed on that senatorial occasion; but his weapons
+were words, and, however rough and affronting, for the right: those of
+his foes, equally gross and injurious, were for the wrong; and the
+assault of brutal force came to disturb the equation, in violation of
+all parliamentary privilege, with Douglas and his piratical compeers,
+with ill-disguised pleasure and half-pretended unconcern, looking on
+their own ignominy, crime, and shame, while the martyr that all but,
+yet not quite, expired, after years of suffering comes back, a
+resurrection witness not disposed of, and the assailant and would-be
+executioner dies long first, in Northern and Southern disgrace and his
+own remorse.
+
+At the same height with Milton in his blindness, Sumner, with his torn
+and aching nerves, like a soldier who will not leave the field for
+loss of blood, resumed the conflict, struggling with disappointment
+and sorrow in age and loneliness, still moving ever immediately
+against all the powers of evil and works of the devil, his white
+plume, like that of the French Prince he quoted, floating ever ahead
+to follow; like ex-President, Representative Adams, in his armor to
+the very edge and last of earth, like Buckle, talking in his agony of
+his book, and commending to survivors in Congress his beloved Civil
+Rights' Bill, dealing out well-directed blows for his race of every
+color and tribe till the instant the final stroke came to cut body and
+spirit apart. Truly, the halo of angelic glory hangs not only around
+the heads of dead saints! Such a man might be tempted to claim the
+honor of his fellow-men, and a lofty self-esteem and aspiration to the
+highest dignities hardly misbecame him, who, like Cato, was wrapped in
+conscious integrity, and established in the respect of all
+praiseworthy persons such a place. After the famous eulogy in his Phi
+Beta Kappa oration, of Pickering, Story, Allston, and Channing, the
+toast of John Quincy Adams was: "The memory of the scholar, jurist,
+artist, and divine,--and not the memory, but the long life of the
+kindred genius that has embalmed them all." Yet it has come for him
+also to a memory, and a noble one now.
+
+As a humble cotemporary I copy not others' impressions, but simply set
+down my own. Among his associates, the fault commonly found with
+Sumner is not that he was implacable--none easier to propitiate--but
+impracticable; not an idealist, but ideologist and doctrinary dreamer
+of a peace and freedom on earth which he put into no effective and
+satisfactory form; for ten thousand besides him recommended the
+Emancipation, which John Quincy Adams held justifiable as a war
+measure, and Lincoln proclaimed.
+
+But though the greatness of rulers and social founders is in what they
+establish and bring to pass, yet in default of this rare achievement,
+which happens seldom in the course of ages to any man, a certain
+impracticability is in others in many exigencies a blessing to be
+thankful for, a virtue to applaud. In the collisions of interest with
+principle are plenty to trim, compromise, and compound as oligarchs or
+demagogues bid; but as the merit of some substances is the lack of
+ductility, so how oft we must lean on unmalleable men, whose back-bone
+is not supple as a universal joint, who will not "crook the pregnant
+hinges of the knee where thrift may follow fawning," and who, in a
+noble discontent with all yet undertaken or done, summon to worthier
+performance towards never-attained perfection in betterment of the
+common lot. Mr. Rubinstein was displeased with the preacher who said,
+"Men must be expected to do no more than they can." "No," said the
+artist, "that doctrine letting down the standard is worse than actual
+vice. We can forgive the last, not the first!" Men must do the
+_impossible_,--a word which Napoleon told his officer was beastly,
+never to be spoken, and in his dictionary not found. "With God all
+things are possible," and that means possible to whoever works with
+Him. Said the pianist to his pupils, "If you do not expect or intend
+to write finer music than Beethoven, you have no business to compose
+at all." Mr. Sumner aimed at the sun; and the feeling of philanthropic
+duty with which he stirred the body politic out of the custom of
+chronic oppression and old habit of wrong was of more precious
+consequence than carrying any particular scheme. With this
+earnestness, that would not stop short of improving the world, I was
+struck in my last conversation with him on the threatened Spanish war.
+If he did not interest or magnetize everybody, all individuals, like
+Crittenden or Clay, few cared more for their kind; and this broad
+benevolence, as well as special affection, lays hold on immortality.
+Who shall say such as Agassiz and Sumner are dead? "A great man has
+fallen," said my friend: no, a good man has risen.
+
+Death brings simplicity and reality. As it approaches, learning and
+philosophy go; goodness and conscience are left, the last guests in
+the feast of life at the table of the heart. In Sumner the
+_sentiment_, foremost always, blooms at the pillow where last he laid,
+"so tired and weary," his head; and sentiment, as well as science, has
+eternal claim. He extends courtesy to callers, opens his eye while it
+could open, waves his hand while it had strength to move, says _Sit
+down_ to his old associate, tries to speak when the lips no longer
+obey the will, and sends a legacy of love and reverence more precious
+than any gold to his old friend. _Cold_ was he indeed?
+
+For his noble affections, how we shall remember the solitary and
+little-related man, with no children, when he was sad, to play with in
+his house! His thirst for knowledge, his bent to investigate and study
+whatever had been said and done in the world, would have made him an
+antiquarian save for his patriotic and humanitarian zeal.
+
+What a lover and knower he was of pictures, bronzes, manuscripts, old
+books, curious relics of the past, all memorials in all time of his
+fellow-men! Such research is a sort of humanity. Yet no man's
+sympathies were more in the present than his, or more eager to
+stretch after a perfected civilization in the future.
+
+Indeed, the millennial day shone so upon him through the vista of hope
+as to dazzle and blind him, like Saul on the road to Damascus, to the
+immediate possibilities of action and direct bearings of his theme.
+
+If there were any defect in his style, it was a certain lack of
+proportion, or an exceeding uniform stress, a straining forward
+against the leash of irrefragable circumstance, till in the ardor of
+pursuit the perspective of the subject was lost.
+
+But whatever might be the lesser vices, the great virtues were in his
+judgment and thought.
+
+He was an admirable inciter. How we needed incentives! He hallooed to
+a grander chase than any huntsman's. He was the Lamartine of America,
+_our_ orator of the human race. The Senate floor was to him a popular
+rostrum and sacred stump. He advocated every great cause if he found
+the key of none.
+
+He roused England and the United States, kindling into white heat,
+like dry wood, after such long seasoning, the Alabama difficulties,
+and compelling an attention which doubtless was good for both parties,
+although his extravagant statement of the doctrine of consequential
+damages could not settle the question, and failed of the seal and
+sanction of international law. More human than divine, his
+inspiration came from without rather than from within. The first time
+I saw him, forty years ago, with the same characteristic ornate and
+fervent language, and garnish of Latin references, he elucidated to me
+the difference between a pettifogger or litigious searcher for
+cases--a _praeco actionum_ as he called him--and a jurist of the Judge
+Story stamp.
+
+Already he saw in faith the career for which he turned aside from
+every flattering offer that would divert him, conscious of superior
+ability to serve at the highest posts to which Democrat joined hands
+with Free Soiler to lead. Strange that the seemingly accidental, shall
+I say insincere, vote of a coalition should have furnished the most
+distinguished and perhaps longest continued Senator of the land!
+
+His empty chair on the Senate floor, drew, last week, at the
+obsequies, the spectators' eyes.
+
+But it was unoccupied that he might fill a higher seat prepared,
+waiting for, and needing, not the undying part but the everlasting
+whole; for we are not _whole_ till we drop our dust! Three
+funeral-sensations, I remember,--of Webster, the man of power,
+Lincoln, the man of providence, and Sumner, as I delight to call him,
+the man of purity.
+
+If the shadow of no demise ever brooded over this region as a huge
+pall, a black sheet let down from the sky, like that of the great
+New-Englander; and if no public sorrow in our day and generation was
+ever keener than when the martyr-president gave up the ghost at the
+revengeful stroke of the monster of political slavery, expiring, like
+a leviathan, under his hand; never was a more genuine tribute than
+will be laid on the Senator's tomb, or a completer satisfaction in an
+ended testimony and finished work, whatever part he left for us to
+finish. Several years ago, forced by illness away from the theatre of
+public duties and affairs into a country refuge, as the sounds came
+softened by distance from the arena at the capitol where the
+combatants struggled together, however pleasantly fell the counsels of
+moderation and prudence on my ear, I recognized the clarion of Sumner,
+urging to absolute truth and honor, and, far or near, resounding above
+them all.
+
+Here was a man that could not bend or yield, alloy or qualify,
+surrender or retreat. Here was an incorruptibility proof against
+bribes, and too original in legislatives halls, an originality, if not
+of suggestion yet of heroic act. Here was an obstinacy not of will,
+but idea; for ideas are more obstinate than any human will in the
+world. Here was a necessity not of whim but duty, such as was laid on
+the great apostle to the Gentiles to preach the Gospel, and drove
+Luther to the Diet of Worms. I aim at simple truth as I speak. Such
+stubbornness will surely accomplish great results and always fetch an
+echo from the human breast. I abstain from overstatement. Love must
+not falsify or exaggerate. It is no compliment to exalt another by
+belying ourselves. Our friend belongs to history now; and the
+offerings of a discriminating respect are part of its material. I must
+think of him less as hewn by the Divinity than carving himself. Like
+one of the straws a swallow bears to build its nest, let my poor word
+go to the fashioning by many hands, of the niche of his fame. His head
+had its limits; but there was no outside to his heart! The great man's
+servant, secretary, keeper of his house, farmer of his estate, has
+something valuable to say of him; and the humblest coeval's
+contribution will not be refused or despised. Voicing the feeling of
+no party, for him or against, I but touch the ground of that secret
+respect to his character and aim which not only favorers but foes are
+constrained, unitedly, unanimously, instinctively, to pay.
+
+    "Little heeds he what is said;
+    They have done with all below;"
+
+Such were the commonplaces of the old theology founded on the notion
+of a senseless rest of the dead, or their departure to an infinite
+distance from our earthly abode. But we reconsider such views. He, who
+was so sensitive to his fellow-citizens' regard, can hardly be
+insensible now, or unconscious of our sincere honor. I would speak as
+in his presence and to his ear! His clear voice will be no longer
+heard in our assemblies, or his commanding form cast its welcome
+shadow through our streets.
+
+But the moral stature, with which, as in mental height, he transcended
+the common sons of men, shall be seen and felt.
+
+Nor can the recollection for ages pass how, as a brave knight, with
+superb courage, horsed on ideas for the saving of the land, he flung
+defiance from boldness unsurpassed at the giant wrong,--that dragon
+and old serpent, the form Satan took for us, the _Barbarism of
+Slavery_, and _Slavery sectional not national_, as he entitled the
+greatest speeches he made. His somewhat artificial manner, method, and
+phrase only clothed or cloaked an indigenous force of conscience,
+which was a piece of nature, a divine monolith or monogram, if his
+intellect were not. His meaning no man, white or black, in the land
+doubted or could misunderstand.
+
+If his forensic efforts had been to a nice taste better in some
+respects, the improvement might have made them in others for general
+effect worse or of less effect. They were at least faithfully prepared
+from a width of observation and stock of information seldom equalled,
+and set forth with a consecutive order of formal logic worthy of a
+master in the schools.
+
+Twice has been his conspicuous entry into this town: first, after he
+was outraged for his freedom of utterance in his place; next,
+yesterday, in whatever connection the spirit may have with the
+forsaken robe which it cannot desert or lose all feeling for at once.
+
+How, but as a man of principle, shall he stand for-ever in our memory
+and in the human mind? Let his name, like that of Washington, be a
+lasting rebuke to venality, selfish ambition, bribery, and all
+political intrigue! He is one more added to the band of blessed bigots
+which, wiser than any conformists, all our pilgrim fathers were.
+
+"You can rest soon," he said to the familiar friend and companion in
+clerkly labor who was rubbing the hands fast growing cold in death. No
+chafing can restore what turns to the clay of which it was made. The
+flowers you form into his name will fade, but to cherish his honor we
+will never cease. Let his body be "buried in peace: his name liveth
+evermore."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+FOOTNOTES:
+
+[A] "Will chloroform make the operation less beneficial?" he asked. "I
+could not lie," said the Doctor, "and said, Yes."--"Then I will not
+take it," he replied.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
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