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diff --git a/24803-8.txt b/24803-8.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6533d38 --- /dev/null +++ b/24803-8.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2447 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, 1850.12.21, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes and Queries, 1850.12.21 + A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, + Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc. + +Author: Various + +Editor: George Bell + +Release Date: March 11, 2008 [EBook #24803] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, 1850.12.21 *** + + + + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, William Flis, Jonathan Ingram +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Library of Early +Journals.) + + + + + +NOTES AND QUERIES: + +A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, +ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC. + + * * * * * + +"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE. + + * * * * * + +No. 60.] SATURDAY, DECEMBER 21. 1850. [Price Threepence. Stamped +Edition 4d. + + * * * * *{489} + + + +CONTENTS. + + Notes:-- Page + Division of Intellectual Labour 489 + On a Passage in "Love's Labour's Lost" 490 + Treatise of Equivocation 490 + Parallel Passages, by Albert Cohn 491 + Minor Notes:--True or False Papal Bulls--Burning Bush + of Sinai--The Crocodile--Umbrella--Rollin's Ancient + History, and History of the Arts and Sciences--MSS. + of Locke--The Letter [gh]--A Hint to Publishers 491 + Queries:-- + Bibliographical Queries 492 + Minor Queries:--Meaning of "Rab. Surdam"--Abbot Richard + of Strata Florida--Cardinal Chalmers--Armorial + Bearings--"Fiat Justitia"--Painting by C. Bega--Darcy + Lever Church--R. Ferrer--Writers on the + Inquisition--Buckden--True Blue--Passage in + "Hamlet"--Inventor of a secret Cypher--Fossil Elk of + Ireland--Red Sindon--Lights on the Altar--Child's + Book by Beloe 493 + Replies:-- + Mercenary Preacher, by Henry Campkin 495 + "The Owl is abroad," by Dr. E.F. Rimbault 495 + Old St. Pancras Church, by J. Yeowell 496 + Replies to Minor Queries:--Cardinal Allen's + Admonition--Bolton's Ace--Portrait of Cardinal + Beaton--"He that runs may read"--Sir George + Downing--Burning to Death, or Burning of the + Hill--The Roscommon Peerage--The Word "after" + in the Rubric--Disputed Passage in the + "Tempest"--Lady Compton's Letter--Midwives + licensed--Echo Song--The Irish Brigade--To save + one's bacon--"The Times" Newspaper and the Coptic + Language--Luther's Hymns--Osnaburg Bishopric--Scandal + against Queen Elizabeth--Pretended reprint of Ancient + Poetry--Martin Family--Meaning of "Ge-ho"--Lady Norton 497 + Miscellaneous:-- + Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &c. 501 + Books and Odd Volumes Wanted 501 + Notices to Correspondents 502 + Advertisements 502 + + * * * * * + + +Notes. + + +DIVISION OF INTELLECTUAL LABOUR. + +Every one confesses, I believe, the correctness of the _principle_ +called "Division of labour." But if any one would form an adequate +estimate of the ratio of the effect produced, in this way, to the +labour which is expended, let him consult Dr. Adam Smith. I think he +states, as an example, that a single labourer cannot make more than +ten pins in a day; but if eight labourers are employed, and each of +them performs one of the eight separate processes requisite to the +formation of a pin, there will not merely be eight times the number of +pins formed in a day, but nearly eighty times the number. (Not having +the book by me, I cannot be certain of the exact statistics.) + +If this principle is proved, then, to be of such extraordinary +utility, why should it not be made serviceable in other matters +besides the "beaver-like" propensity of amassing wealth and satisfying +our material desires? Why should not your periodical be instrumental +in transferring this invaluable principle to the labours of the +intellectual world? If your correspondents were to send you abstracts +or _précis_ of the books which they read, would there not accrue a +fourfold benefit? viz.: + +1. A division of intellectual labour; so that the amount of knowledge +available to each person is multiplied in an increasing ratio. + +2. Knowledge is thus presented in so condensed a form as to be more +easily comprehended at a glance; so that your readers can with greater +facility construct or understand the theories deducible from the whole +circle of human knowledge. + +3. Authors and inquiring men could tell, before expending days on the +perusal of large volumes, whether the _particulars_ which these books +contain would be suitable to the object they have in view. + +4. The unfair criticisms which are made, and the erroneous notions +diffused by interested reviewers, would in a great measure be +corrected, in the minds, at least, of your readers. + +You might object that such _précis_ would be as partial as the reviews +of which the whole literary world complain. But, in the first place, +these abstracts would be written by literary men who are not dependent +on booksellers for their livelihood, and would not therefore be likely +to write up trashy books or detract from the merit of valuable works, +for the sake of the book trade. And besides, your correspondents give +their articles under their signature, so that one could be openly +corrected by another who had read the same work. Again, it is only the +_leading idea_ of the book which you would require, and no attendant +praise or blame, neither eulogistic exordium nor useless appeals to +the reader. The author, moreover, might send you the skeleton of his +own book, and {490} you would of course give this the prior place in +your journal. + +Another objection is, that the length of such _précis_ would not +permit them to come within the limits of your work. But they _should +not_ be long. And even if one of them should take up four or five +pages, you could divide it between two or three successive numbers of +your periodical. And, besides, your work, by embracing this object, +would be greatly increased in utility; the number of your subscribers +would be multiplied, and the increased expense of publication would +thus be defrayed. + +But, if the advantages resulting from such a division of intellectual +labour would be as great as I fondly hope, I feel sure that the energy +and enterprise which caused you to give a tangible reality to your +scheme for "Notes and Queries" would also enable you to overcome all +difficulties, and answer all trifling objections. + +R.M. + + * * * * * + + +ON A PASSAGE IN LOVE'S LABOUR'S LOST. + +In _Love's Labour's Lost_, Act II. Sc. 1., Boyet, speaking of the King +of Navarre and addressing the Princess of France, says: + + "All his behaviours did make their retire + To the court of his eye, peeping thorough desire: + His heart, like an agate, with your print impressed, + Proud with his form, in his eye pride expressed: + His tongue, _all impatient to speak and not see_, + Did stumble with haste in his eyesight to be; + All senses to that sense did make their repair, + To feel only looking on fairest of fair." + +This speech is a remarkable specimen of the affected style of +compliment prevalent in the time of Elizabeth. The third couplet, at +first sight, appears to have a signification exactly opposed to that +which the context requires. We should expect, instead of "the tongue +all impatient _to speak_," to find "the tongue all impatient _to +see_." + +No one of the editors of Shakspeare appears to me to have given a +satisfactory explanation of this passage. I therefore venture to offer +the following. + +In the Latin poets (who in this followed the Greeks) we find +adjectives and participles followed by the genitive case and the +gerund in _di_. Thus in Horace we have "patiens pulveris atque solis," +"patiens liminis aut aquæ coelestis," and in Silius Italicus (vi. +612.), "vetus bellandi." For other instances, see Mr. Baines' _Art of +Latin Poetry_, pp. 56-60. + +The Latin poets having taken this license, then proceeded a step +further, and substituted the infinitive mood for the gerund in _di_. +I cannot find any instance either of "patiens" or "impatiens" used +in this connection; but numerous instances of other adjectives and +participles followed by the infinitive mood may be found in pp. 68. to +73. of the _Art of Latin Poetry_. I cite two only, both from Horace: +"indocilis pauperiem pati," "quidlibet impotens sperare." + +Following these analogies, I suggest that the words "impatient to +speak and not see" mean "impatient of speaking (impatiens loquendi) +and not seeing," i.e., "dissatisfied with its function of speaking, +preferring that of seeing." + +This construction, at least, renders the passage intelligible. + +X.Z. + + * * * * * + + +TREATISE OF EQUIVOCATION. + +(Vol. ii., pp. 168. 446.) + +I feel greatly indebted to J.B. for a complete solution of the +question respecting this ambiguous book. Bewildered by the frequent +reference to it by nearly cotemporaneous writers, I had apprehended +it certain, that it had been a _printed_, if not a published work; and +that even a second edition had altered the title of the first. It is +now certain, that its existence was, and is, only _in manuscript_; +and that the alteration was intended only for its first impression, +if printed at all. It is a fact not generally known, that many papal +productions of the time were multiplied and circulated by copies +in MS.: Leycester's _Commonwealth_, of which I have a very neat +transcript, and of which many more are extant in different libraries, +is one proof of the fact.[1] I observe that in Bernard's very valuable +_Bibliotheca MSS., &c._, I had marked under _Laud Misc. MSS._, p. +62. No. 968. 45. _A Treatise against Equivocation or Fraudulent +Dissimulation_, what I supposed might be the work in request: but +being prepossessed with the notion that the work was in print, I did +not pursue any inquiry in that direction. I almost now suspect that +this is the very work which J.B. has brought to light. I had hoped +during the present year to visit the Bodleian, and satisfy myself with +an inspection of the important document. I am additionally gratified +with the information relative to the same subject by Mr. Sansom, p. +446. J.B. observes, that the MS. occupies sixty-six pages only. Will +no one have the charity for historic literature to make it a public +benefit? If with notes, so much the better. It is of far more +interest, as history is concerned, and that of our own country, than +many of the tracts in the Harleian or Somers' Collections. Parsons's +notice of it in his _Mitigation_, and towards the end, as if he was +just then made acquainted with it, is very {491} characteristic and +instructive. He knew of it well enough, but thought others might not. + +Again I say, why not print the work? + +J.M. + + [We have reason to believe that this important historical + document is about to be printed.] + +[Footnote 1: _A Memorial for the Reformation in England_, by R.P. +(Parsons), of which I have a well transcribed copy, is another. It was +published by Gee.] + + * * * * * + + +PARALLEL PASSAGES. + +In Shakspeare's _Henry IV._, Act V. Sc. 4., the Prince exclaims, +beholding Percy's corpse,-- + + "When that this body did contain a spirit, + A kingdom for it was too small a bound; + But now two paces of the vilest earth + Is room enough!" + +In Ovid we find the following parallel:-- + + "... jacet ecce Tibullus, + Vix manet e toto parva quod urna capit." + +A second one appears in the pretended lines on the sepulchre of Scipio +Africanus:-- + + "Cui non Europa, non obstitit Africa unquam, + Respiceres hominem, quem brevis urna premit." + +The same reflection we find in Ossian:-- + + "With three steps I measure thy grave, + O thou, so great heretofore!" + +It is very difficult indeed to determine in which of these passages +the leading thought is expressed best, in which is to be found the +most energy, the deepest feeling, the most touching shortness. I +think one should prefer the passage of Shakspeare, because the direct +mention of the corporal existence gives a magnificent liveliness to +the picture, and because the very contrast of the space appears most +lively by it; whereas, at the first reading of the other passages, it +is not the human being, consisting of body and soul, which comes in +our mind, but only the human spirit, of which we know already that it +cannot be buried in the grave. + +One of the most eminent modern authors seems to have imitated the +passage of Shakspeare's _Henry IV_. Schiller, in his _Jungfrau von +Orleans_, says:-- + + "Und von dem mächt'gen Talbot, der die Welt + Mit seinem Kriegeruhm füllte, bleibet nichts + Als eine Hand voll leichten Staubs." + + (And of the mighty Talbot, whose warlike + Glory fill'd the world, nothing remains + But a handful of light dust.) + +Albert Cohn. + +Berlin. + + * * * * * + + +Minor Notes. + +_True or False Papal Bulls_.-- + + "Utrum bulla papalis sit vera an non. + + "Si vis scire utrum literæ domini Papæ sint veraces vel non, + numera punctos quæ sunt in bulla. Et si inveneris circulum + ubi sunt capita apostolorum habentem 73 punctos, alium vero + circulum 46, alium super caput Beati Petri habentem 26, alium + super caput Sancti Pauli habentem 25 punctos, et punctos quæ + sunt in barbâ 26, veraces sunt; alioquin falsæ.--Sir Matthew + Hale's _Manuscripts_, Library of Lincoln's Inn, vol. lxxiii. + p. 176. + +To which may be added, that in digging for the foundations of the +new (or present) London Bridge, an instrument was dug up for +counterfeiting the seals or Bullæ? Where is it now deposited? + +J.E. + + +_Burning Bush of Sinai._-- + + "Pococke asserts that the monks have planted in their garden + a bush similar to those which grow in Europe, and that by + the most ridiculous imposture, they hesitate not to affirm + that it is the same which Moses saw--the miraculous bush. + The assertion is false, and the alleged fact a mere + invention."--Geramb's _Pilgrimage to Palestine, &c._, English + trans. + +March 1. 1847. The bush was exhibited by two of the monks at the back +of the eastern apse of the church, but having its root within the +walls of the chapel of the burning bush. It was the common English +bramble, not more than two years old, and in a very sickly state, as +the monks allowed the leaves to be plucked by the English party then +in the convent. The plant grows on the mountain, and therefore could +be easily replaced. + +Viator. + + +_The Crocodile_ (Vol. ii., p. 277.).--February, 1847, a small +crocodile was seen in the channel, between the island of Rhoda and the +right bank of the Nile. + +Viator. + + +_Umbrella._--It was introduced at Bristol about 1780. A lady, now +eighty-three years of age, remembers its first appearance, which +occasioned a great sensation. Its colour was red, and it probably came +from Leghorn, with which place Bristol at that time maintained a great +trade. Leghorn has been called Bristol on a visit to Italy. + +Viator. + + +_Rollin's Ancient History, and History of the Arts and +Sciences._--Your correspondent Iota inquires (Vol. ii., p. 357.), +"How comes it that the editions" (of Rollin) "since 1740 have been +so castrated?" i.e. divested of an integral portion of the work, the +_History of the Arts and Sciences_. It is not easy to state _how_ +this has come to pass. During the last century comparatively little +interest was felt in the subjects embraced in the _History of the Arts +and Sciences_; and _probably_ the publishers might on that account +omit this portion, with the view of making the book cheaper and more +saleable. It is more difficult to assign any reason why Rollin's +Prefaces to the various sections of his _History_ should have been +mutilated and manufactured into a _general_ Introduction or Preface, +to make up which the whole of chap. iii. book x. was also taken out +of its proper place and order. A more remarkable instance of merciless +distortion of an {492} author's labours is not to be found in +the records of literature. Iota may take it as a fact--and that a +remarkable one--that since 1740 there had appeared no edition of +Rollin having any claim to integrity, until the one edited by Bell, +and published by Blackie, in 1826, and reissued in 1837. + +Veritas. + +Glasgow, Dec. 7. 1850. + + +_MSS. of Locke._--E.A. Sandford, Esq., of Nynehead, near Taunton, has +a number of valuable letters, and other papers, of Locke, and also an +original MS. of his _Treatise on Education_. Locke was much at Chipley +in that neighbourhood, for the possessor of which this treatise was, I +believe composed. + +W.C. Trevelyan. + + +_The Letter [gh]_.--Dr. Todd, in his _Apology for the Lollards_, +published by the Camden Society, alludes to the pronunciation of +the old letter [gh] in various words, and remarks that "it has +been altogether dropped in the modern spelling of [gh]erþ, 'earth,' +fru[gh]t, 'fruit,' [gh]erle, 'earl,' abi[gh]d, 'abide.'" The Doctor +is, however, mistaken; for I have heard the words "earl" and "earth" +repeatedly pronounced, in Warwickshire, _yarl_ and _yarth_. + +J.R. + + +_A Hint to Publishers_ (Vol. ii., p. 439.) reminds me of a particular +grievance in Alison's _History of Europe_. I have the first edition, +but delay binding it, there being no index. Two other editions have +since been published, possessing each an index. Surely the patrons +and possessors of the first have a claim upon the Messrs. Blackwood, +independent of the probability of its repaying them as a business +transaction. + +T.S. + + * * * * * + + +Queries. + +BIBLIOGRAPHICAL QUERIES. + +(Continued from p. 441.) + +(25.) Has there been but a single effort made to immortalise +among printers Valentine Tag? Mercier, Abbé de Saint-Léger, in his +_Supplément à l'Hist. de l'Imprimerie_, by Marchand, p. 111., accuses +Baron Heinecken of having stated that this fictitious typographer set +forth the _Fables Allemandes_ in 1461. Heinecken, however, had merely +quoted six German lines, the penultimate of which is + + "An Sant Valantinus Tag," + +intimating only that the work had been concluded on St. Valentine's +day. + +(26.) Can there be any more fruitful source of error with respect to +the age of early printed books than the convenient system of esteeming +as the primary edition that in which the date is for the first time +visible? It might be thought that experienced bibliographers would +invariably avoid such a palpable mistake; but the reverse of this +hypothesis is unfortunately true. Let us select for an example the +case of the _Vita Jesu Christi_, by the Carthusian Ludolphus de +Saxonia, a work not unlikely to have been promulgated in the infancy +of the typographic art. Panzer, Santander, and Dr. Kloss (189.) +commence with an impression at Strasburg, which was followed by one +at Cologne, in 1474. Of these the former is mentioned by Denis, and by +Bauer also (ii. 315.). Laire notes it likewise (_Ind. Par._, i. 543.: +cf. 278.), but errs in making Eggestein the printer, as no account +of him is discernible after 1472. (Meerman, i. 215.) Glancing at the +misconceptions of Maittaire and Wharton, who go no farther back than +the years 1478 and 1483 respectively, let us return to the suppressed +_editio princeps_ of 1474. De Bure (_Théol._, pp. 121-2.) records +a copy, and gives the colophon. He says, "Cette édition, qui est +l'originale de cet ouvrage, est fort rare;" and his opinion has been +adopted by Seemiller (i. 61.), who adds, "Litteris impressum est hoc +opus sculptis." In opposition to all these eminent authorities, I will +venture to express my belief that the earliest edition is one which +is _undated_. A volume in the Lambeth collection, without a date, and +entered in Dr. Maitland's _List_, p. 42., is thus described therein: +"Folio, eights, Gothic type, col. 57 lines;" and possibly the +printer's device (_List_, p. 348.) might be appropriated by I. +Mentelin, of Strasburg. To this book, nevertheless, we must allot a +place inferior to what I would bestow upon another folio, in which +the type is particularly Gothic and uneven, and in which each of the +double columns contains but forty-seven lines, and the antique initial +letters sometimes used are plainly of the same xylographic race as +that one with which the oldest _Viola Sanctorum_ is introduced. It +may be delineated, in technical terms, as being _sine loco, anno, +et nomine typographi. Car. sigg., paginarum num. et custodd. Vocum +character majusculus est, ater, crassus, et rudis._ Why should not +Mentz have been the birthplace of this book? for there it appears that +the author's MS. was "veneratione non parva" preserved, and there he +most probably died. I would say that it was printed between 1465 and +1470. It is bound up with a _Fasciculus Temporum_, Colon. 1479, which +looks quite modern when compared with it, and its beginning is: "De +Vita hiesu a venerabili viro fratro (_sic_) Ludolpho Cartusiensi edita +incipit feliciter." The leaves are in number forty-eight. At the end +of the book itself is, "Explicit vita ihesu." Then succeeds a leaf, +on the recto of which is a table of contents for the entire work +and after its termination we find: "Explicit vita cristi de quatuor +ewãgelistis et expositõne doctorum sanctorum sumpta." + +(27.) Upon what grounds should Mr. Bliss (Vol. ii., p. 463.) refuse to +be contented with the {493} very accurate reprint of Cardinal Allen's +_Admonition to the Nobility and People of England and Ireland_, with a +Preface by Eupator (the Rev. Joseph Mendham), London, Duncan, 1842? + +(28.) In an article on Ticknor's _History of Spanish Literature_, in +the _Quarterly Review_ for last September, p. 316, we read: + + "The second _Index Expurgatorius_ ever printed was the Spanish + one of Charles V. in 1546." + +Was the critic dreaming when he wrote these words? for, otherwise, how +could he have managed to compress so much confusion into so small a +space? To say nothing of "the _second_" Expurgatory Index, the _first_ +was not printed until 1571; and this was a _Belgic_, not a "_Spanish_ +one." It is stamped by its title-page as having been "in Belgia +concinnatus," and it was the product of the press of Plantin, at +Antwerp. With regard to the _Indices Expurgatorii_ of Spain, the +earliest of them was prepared by the command of Cardinal Quiroga, and +issued by Gomez, typographer-royal at Madrid, in 1584. The copy in +my hand, which belonged to Michiels, is impressed with his book-mark +"première édition." Will the writer in the _Quarterly Review_ +henceforth remember that an _Expurgatory_ Index is essentially +different from one of the _Prohibitory_ class? But even though he +should faithfully promise to bear this fact in mind, his misreport as +to the year "1546" must not remain uncensured; for this was not the +date of the "second" appearance of an imperial _mandement_. There was +an ordinance published for the restraint of the press, not only in +1544, but also in 1540, and even in 1510. For the last, see Panzer, +vii. 258. + +(29.) What is the nearest approach to certainty among the attempts +successfully to individuate the ancient relater of _Mirabilia Romæ_? +That he lived in the thirteenth century seems to be admitted; and the +work, as put forth in Montfaucon's _Diarium Italicum_ (pp. 283-298.), +will be found to differ considerably from the edition, in 12mo. with +the arms of Pope Leo X. on the title-page. + +(30.) "_Antiquitas Sæculi Juventus Mundi._"--The discussion in your +pages (Vol. ii., pp. 218. 350. 395. 466.) of the origin of this +phrase has so distinctly assumed a bibliographical aspect, that I +feel justified on the present occasion in inquiring from your various +correspondents whether, while they have been citing Bacon and Bruno, +Whewell and Hallam, they have lost sight of the beautiful language of +the author of the Second Book of Esdras (chap. xiv. 10.)? + + "The world hath lost his youth, and the times begin to wax + old." + + "Sæculum perdidit juventutem suam, et tempora appropinquant + senescere."--_Biblia_, ed. Paris, 1523. + +R.G. + + * * * * * + + +Minor Queries. + +_Rab. Surdam, Meaning of._--The eccentric but clever and learned +William Nicol, one of the masters of the High School of Edinburgh, and +noted as the friend of Burns, was the son of a poor man, a tailor, +in the village of Ecclefechan, in Dumfriesshire. He erected, over +the grave of his parents, in Hoddam churchyard, a _throuch stone_, or +altar-formed tomb, bearing the words + +"RAB. SURDAM." + +Query the meaning of these mystical characters? + +Edinensis. + + +_Abbot Richard of Strata Florida._--Can you or any of your antiquarian +readers solve me the following. It is stated in vol. i. p. 100. of +Lewis Dwnn's _Heraldic Visitation into Wales, &c._, art. "Williames of +Ystradffin in the county of Caermarthen":-- + + "William ab Thomas Goch, Esq., married Joan, daughter and + sole heiress to Richard the Abbot of Strata Florida, county of + Cardigan (temp. Henry VII.), son of David ab Howel of Gwydyr, + North Wales." + +From this I naturally expected to find some connecting link between +the Abbot and the ancient family of Wynn of Gwydyr, derived from +Rhodri Lord of Anglesey. In their lineage, however, the name of David +ab Howel does not occur; but about the aforesaid period one of their +progenitors named Meredith ab Sevan, it is stated, purchased Gwydyr +from a David ab Howel Coytmore, derived through the Lord of Penymachno +from Prince David, Lord of Denbigh, the ill-fated brother of Llewelyn, +last sovereign prince of North Wales. Is it not therefore likely that +the said Abbot Richard was son to the above David ab Howel (Coytmore), +the ancient proprietor of Gwydyr; that his surname was Coytmore; +and the arms he bore were those of his ancestor David Goch, Lord of +Penymachno, viz., Sa. a lion ramp., ar. within a bordure engr. or. + +W.G.S.J. + + +_Cardinal Chalmers._--Can any of your readers give me some information +about a Cardinal Chalmers,--whether there ever was a cardinal of the +name, and where I could find some account of him? I have the boards of +an old book on which are stamped in gilding the Chalmers arms, with +a cardinal's hat and tassels over them. If I remember correctly, +the arms are those of the family of Chalmers, of Balnacraig, in +Aberdeenshire. + +I have some reason to believe that the boards were purchased at the +sale of the author of _Caledonia_. + +S.P. + + +_Armorial Bearings_ (Vol. ii., p. 424.).--My note of the coat-armour +in question stands thus: "Three bars between ten bells, four, +three, two, and one." And I have before now searched in vain for its +appropriation. I am consequently obliged to {494} content myself with +the supposition that it is a corruption, as it may easily be, of the +coat of Keynes, viz. "vair, three bars gules," the name of the wife of +John Speke, the great-great-grandfather of Sir John Speke, the founder +of the chapel; and this is the more probable as the arms of Somaster, +the name of his grandfather's wife, appear also in the roof of the +same chapel. + +J.D.S. + + [J.D.S. is right in his blazon; and we had been requested by + J.W.H. to amend his Query respecting this coat.--ED.] + + +"_Fiat Justitia_"--Who is the author of the apothegm-- + + "Fiat justitia, ruat coelum?" + +J.E.B. MAYOR. + + +_Painting by C. Bega_.-- + + "Wÿ singen vast wat nieus, en hebben noch een buÿt, + Een kraekling, is ons winst, maet tliedtkenmoet eerst wt." + +I have a small oil painting on oak panel which bears the above +inscription. The subject of the painting is a boy, who holds in his +hands a song, which he appears to be committing to memory, whilst +another boy is looking at the song over his shoulder. "C. Bega" is +written on the back of the picture-frame, that evidently being the +artist's name. I shall feel obliged by your translating the above two +lines for me, and also for information as to "C. Bega." + +W.E. Howlett. + +Kirton. + + +_Darcy Lever Church._--On the line of railway from Normanton to Bolton +there is a small station called Darcy Lever. + +The church there struck me, on a casual view, as one of the most +beautiful examples of ecclesiastical architecture which I have ever +seen, and I should therefore like very much to know the date of the +structure, and, if possible, the architect. + +The singularity which attracts attention is the delicate tracery of +the spire, which I should wish to see largely imitated. + +E. + + +_R. Ferrer._--I have a drawing, _supposed_ to be of Sir W. Raleigh +by himself when in the Tower: it came from Daniel's _History of Henry +VII._, and below it was written, + + "R. Ferrer, + Nec Prece nec Pretio." + +Could the "Notes and Queries" ask if anything is known of this R.F.? + +H.W.D. + + +_Writers on the Inquisition._--In the English edition of Voltaire's +_Philosophical Dictionary_, article "Inquisition," I find, among other +authors on that subject who are quoted, Hiescas Salazar, Mendoça +(sic: Query, Salasar y Mendoça?), Fernandez, Placentinus, Marsilius, +Grillandus, and Locatus. Can any of your bibliographical friends give +me any information as to these authors or their works? Let me at the +same time ask information respecting Bordoni, the author of _Sacrum +Tribunal Indicum in causis sanctæ fidei contra Hereticos, &c._, Rome, +1648. + +Iota. + + +_Buckden_ (Vol. ii., p. 446.).--Will M.C.R. explain his allusion to +"the abbot's house" at Buckden. I am not aware of Buckden having +been the seat of a monastic establishment. Perhaps what he calls "the +abbot's house" is part of the palace of the bishops of Lincoln. + +C.H. Cooper. + +Cambridge, December 2. 1850. + + +_True Blue._--Query the origin of the term "True Blue." After the +lapse of a few years it seems to have been applied indifferently to +Presbyterians and Cavaliers. An amusing series of passages might be +perhaps gathered exemplifying its use even to the present time. The +colour and "cry" True Blue are now almost monopolised by the Tory +party, although there are exceptions--Westmoreland and Yorkshire, for +instance. + +Viator. + + +_Passage in Hamlet._--In Mr. C. Knight's "Library," "Pictorial," and +"Cabinet" editions of Shakspeare, the following _novel_ reading is +given without note or comment to say why the universally received text +has been altered. It occurs in _Hamlet_, Act I. Sc. 7. + + _Ham._ "Staid it long? + _Hor._ "While one with _modern_ haste might tell a hundred." + +As Mr. Knight is now publishing a "National" edition of Shakspeare, +perhaps you will allow me through your pages to ask for his authority +for this change of "moderate" to "modern," in order that his new +reading may either be justified or abandoned. + +J.J.M. + + +_Inventor of a secret Cypher._--I think that there was in the +fifteenth century a Frenchman so profound a calculator that he +discovered for the King of France a secret cypher, used by the court +of Spain. I saw a notice of him in Collier's great _Dictionary_, but +have forgotten him, and should like to renew my acquaintance. + +Tyro-Etymologicus. + + +_Fossil Elk of Ireland._--Can any of your learned readers give me +information on the fossil elk of Ireland--_Cervus Megaceros_, +_Cervus Giganteus_ of Goldsmith? It is stated to be found in various +countries, as France, Germany, and Italy, besides England and Ireland. +In the Royal Dublin Society museum there is, I am told, a rib of this +animal which has the appearance of having been wounded by some sharp +instrument, which remained long fixed in the bone, but not so deeply +as to affect the creature's life. It seemed to be such a wound as the +head of an arrow would produce. + +It has been by some thought to be the "Sech" of Celtic tradition. I +have learned that the last specimen was shot so lately as 1533, and +that a {495} figure of the animal, mistaken for the common elk, is, +engraved in the November Chronicle. Now I should feel exceedingly +obliged if any information could be rendered me on the matters stated +above, as I am most anxious to collect all possible information +regarding this most noble species of the Dama tribe. + +W.R.C. (a Subscriber). + +Exeter, Nov. 1850. + + +_Red Sindon_ (Vol. ii., p. 393.).--Will Mr. Planché be so good as to +say what the _red sindon_ of the chamber of Philippa was? + +B.W. + + +_Lights on the Altar._--1. What evidence is there that in the British +or Saxon churches lights were burned on the altar at the time of the +eucharist? + +2. Are there any Canons of these churches, sanctioning the practice? + +3. What evidence is there of any other service or solemnity, where +lights were burned in the day-time in these churches. + +D. Sholbus. + + +_Beloe, Child's Book by._--In the _Sexagenarian_, by Beloe, is the +following passage: + + "In four mornings he (Rev. W. Beloe) wrote a book which + he intended as an amusement for his children. Some friends + recommended him to print it, and though many years have + elapsed since it was written, it still continues so great a + favourite with younger readers, that an edition is every year + published." + +Can any of your readers inform me the name of the book here alluded +to; and who was the publisher? + +F.B. Relton + + * * * * * + + +Replies. + +MERCENARY PREACHER. + +In reply to a Query as to the meaning of this epithet in an obituary +notice, quoted, in Vol. i, p. 384., your correspondent Arun suggests, +in the same volume, p. 489., that it was most likely "used in its +primary signification, and in the sense in which we still apply it +to troops in the pay of a state, foreign to their own." I cannot help +thinking, that by the designation _mercenary_ was implied something +more disreputable than that merely of "one who, having no settled +cure, was at liberty to be 'hired;'" and in this I am borne out by +Chaucer, no mean authority, who, in his well-known picture of the +parson, in the Prologue to the _Canterbury Tales_, amongst the various +items of piety and virtuousness with which, in that inimitable piece +of character-painting, he credits the "pore persoun of a toun," +distinctly states (I quote Mr. Wright's Percy Society edition),-- + + "He was a Schepperde and no _mercenarie_." + +Now this emphatic disclaimer shows clearly enough that when Chaucer +wrote, to be a _mercenary preacher_ was not, in _reputation_ at least, +a desirable position; and whether some two centuries and a half later, +the appellation became less objectionable, is a question not unworthy +of elucidation. No lengthened transcript is needed from so popular a +description; its whole spirit is directed not only against hirelings, +but also against non-residents:-- + + "He sette not his benefice to huyre, + And lefte his scheep encombred in the myre; + * * * * * + But dwelte at hoom and kepte wel his folde." + +Neither hireling nor non-resident found favour in Chaucer's eyes. They +could have very little in common with one whom he says:-- + + "But Criste's lore, and his apostles twelve, + He taught, but first he folwed it himselve." + +The _date_ of the obituary quoted, 1646, lends, too some force to the +supposition that "old Mr. Lewis" was, vulgarly speaking, "no better +than he ought to be." Milton not many years afterwards published his +memorable philippic _On the likeliest Means to remove Hirelings out +of the Church_; and after all allowance is made for the sternness of +the Puritan poet's theology, there would still remain enough to show +that his fiercely eloquent tract might well have been called forth +by the presence in the church of an overweening army of "Mercenary +Preachers." Further space, however, need not now be trenched on; +but should any new facts be adduced by some of your correspondents +illustrative of the curious entry referred to, I am sure they will +be welcomed by all your readers, and by none more than by yours, +obediently, + +Henry Campkin. + +Reform Club, Dec. 2. 1850. + + * * * * * + + +"THE OWL IS ABROAD." + +(Vol. ii., p. 393.) + +A.R. asks, "On what ground is the base song, 'The Owl is abroad' +attributed to Henry Purcell?" To which I reply, the mistake--for +_mistake_ it is--originated with Dr. Clarke (afterwards Clarke +Whitfield), who inserted it in his _Beauties of Purcell_. How little +this musician knew of the "beauties" of Purcell is exhibited in +his work; and how little he knew of the style and peculiarities of +the music of the period, is shown by his insertion of the song in +question. Dr. Clarke's mistake is noticed in the late William Linley's +elegant work entitled _Shakspeare's Dramatic Songs_, vol. i. p. 6. His +words are these: + + "In regard to the _Tempest_ music of Mr. Smith, it has been + put to a strange medley of words; some of them are, however by + Shakspeare; but they do not appear to come the brighter from + the polish it was his design to give them; here and there we + have a flash or two, but they must ever be vainly opposed to + Purcell's pure and steady light. The song of 'No More {496} + Dams,' is however an excellent one, and it has been selected + accordingly. The other song, 'The Owl is abroad,' is also + characteristic, but the words are not Shakspeare's. The last + air has been inserted in Dr. Clarke's _Beauties of Purcell_, + as Purcell's. _This is a mistake, which, in justice to Smith, + should be rectified._" + +Your correspondent also refers to Mr. G. Hogarth's _Memoirs of the +Musical Drama_, as an authority for attributing the song in question +to Purcell. Mr. Hogarth's work, I am sorry to say, can never be +depended upon as to facts. It is almost entirely made up from +_second-hand_ authorities; consequently blunders of the greatest +magnitude occur in every chapter. It has the merit of being a +well-written and an entertaining book; but here any praise must end. + +A.R. speaks of having referred to Purcell's _Tempest_. I must beg to +correct him in this statement, as no _complete_ copy of that work +(my own excepted) is known to exist. Goodeson's (printed at the end +of the last century) is the only copy approaching to anything like +completeness, and that is very unlike Purcell's _Tempest_. Did A.R. +find in Purcell's _Tempest_ the music of the beautiful lyric, "Where +the Bee sucks?" No. Yet Purcell composed music to it. The absence, +then, of "The Owl is abroad," is no proof that Purcell did not write +music for that song also. + +But, in the present case, A.R. may rest assured that the song about +which he inquires is the veritable composition of John Christopher +Smith. + +Edward F. Rimbault. + + * * * * * + + +OLD ST. PANCRAS CHURCH. + +Your correspondent Stephen (Vol. ii., p. 407.) asks for information +respecting the "Gospel Oak Tree at Kentish Town." Permit me to +connect with it another Query relative to the foundation of the +old St. Pancras Church, as the period of its erection has hitherto +baffled research. From the subjoined extracts, it appears to be of +considerable antiquity. The first extract is from a MS. volume which +I purchased at the sale of the library of the Rev. H.F. Lyte (Lot +2578.), entitled,-- + + "Spicilegium: or A Brief Account of Matters relating to the + ecclesiastical Politie of the British Church, compiled from + Histories, Councils, Canons, and Acts of Parliament," A.D. + 1674. + +It was apparently written for publication, but is without name +or initials. At p. 21. the writer, after giving an account of the +foundation of the cathedral church of Canterbury, goes on to say,-- + + "Without the walls, betwixt the Cathedral and St. Martin's + Church, stood an idol temple, which, with the leave and + goodwill of King Ethelbert, St. Augustine purged, and then + consecrated it to the memory of St. Pancras the martyr, and + after prevailed with the king to found a monastery there for + the monks, in honour of the two prime apostles, St. Peter and + Paul, appointing it to be the burial-place of the _Kentish_ + Kings, as also for his successors in that see. The like + to this was Pancras Church, near London, otherwise called + _Kentish_ Church, which some ignorantly imagine was the mother + of St. Paul's Church in London. I rather think it might be + the burying-place belonging to the church of St. Paul, before + Cuthbert, Archbishop of Canterbury, obtained leave of the Pope + to bury in cities. And in imitation of that at Canterbury, + this near London was dedicated to St. Pancras and called + _Kentish_ Church." + +Connected with the Query of Stephen, it is worthy of notice that +St. Augustine held a conference with the Cambrian bishops at a place +called by Bede, Augustine's Ac, or Oak, on the borders of the Weccii +and West Saxons, probably near Austcliffe, in Gloucestershire (Bede's +_Eccles. Hist._ lib. ii. c. 2.). + +_Norden_, who wrote in the reign of Elizabeth, in his _Speculum +Britainniæ_, says that-- + + "The church of St. Pancras standeth all alone, as utterly + forsaken, old and weather-beaten, which, for the antiquitie + thereof, is thought not to yield to Paule's of London." + +which idea is repeated by _Weever_. And in the year 1749, some unknown +poet, soliloquising upon the top of Primrose Hill, bursts out into +the following rapturous musing at the sight of "the old weather-beaten +church" in the distance.-- + + "The rev'rend spire of ancient Pancras view, + To ancient Pancras pay the rev'rence due; + _Christ's sacred altar there, first Britain saw_, + And gaz'd, and worshipp'd, with an holy awe, + Whilst pitying heav'n diffus'd a saving ray, + And heathen darkness changed to Christian day." + +_Gentleman's Mag._, xiv. 276. + +Perhaps some of the gentlemen now engaged in compiling historical +notices of the parish of St. Pancras will be able to dispel the +Cimmerian darkness which at present envelopes the consecration of the +old church. + +The late Mr. Smith, author of _Nollekins and his Times_, made some +collections towards a History of St. Pancras. Query, What has become +of them? + +J. Yeowell. + +Hoxton. + + +_Old St. Pancras Church_ (Vol. ii., p. 464.)--In a note in Croker's +edition of Boswell's _Johnson_ (8vo. 1848, p. 840.), Mr. Markland +says, that the reason assigned by your correspondent, and in the +text of Boswell, for the preference given by the Roman Catholics to +this place of burial, rests, as he had learned from unquestionable +authority, upon no foundation; "that mere prejudice exists amongst the +Roman Catholics in favour of this church, as is the case with respect +to other places of burial in various parts of the kingdom." Mr. +Markland derived his information from the late {497} Dr. Bramston, Mr. +Charles Butler, and Mr. Gage Rokewoode. + +S.D. + + * * * * * + + +Replies to Minor Queries. + + +_Cardinal Allen's Admonition_ (Vol. ii., p. 463.).--In the Grenville +Library, at the British Museum, there is a copy of this work, which I +happen to have seen only a few hours before I read Mr. Bliss's Query. +Mr. Mendham's reprint of the _Admonition_, published by Duncan in +1842, appeared to me to be remarkably accurate, from a hasty collation +which I made of some parts of it with the original. The Grenville +copy was formerly Herbert's, and may possible be the same which was +sold for 35s. in Mr. Caldecott's sale in 1832. Connected with this +_Admonition_ of Cardinal Allen, there is another question of some +interest. In Bohn's Guinea Catalogue, No. 16,568., was a broadside, +there said to be _unknown and unique_, and entitled _A Declaration of +the Sentence and Deposition of Elizabeth, the Usurper and pretended +Queen of England_. This was drawn up by Cardinal Allen, and printed +at Antwerp; and copies were intended to be distributed in England upon +the landing of the Spanish Armada. Can any of your readers inform me +who is the present possessor of the document referred to, or whether +it has ever been reprinted, or referred to by any writer? Antony Wood, +I am aware, refers to the document, but it is plain that he never saw +it. + +H.P. + + +_Bolton's Ace_ (Vol. ii., p. 413.).--Ray's anecdote concerning the +proverb, "Bate me an ace, quoth Bolton," is perhaps more correctly +told in the _Witty Aunsweres and Saiengs of Englishmen_ (Cotton MS. +Jul. F. x.): + + "William Paulett, Marques of Wynchester and Highe Treasurer + of Engelande, being presented by John Heywoode with a booke, + asked hym what yt conteyned? and when Heywoode told him 'all + the proverbs in Englishe.' 'What all?' quoth my Lorde; 'No, + _Bate me an ace, quoth Bolton_, is that in youre booke?' 'No, + by my faith, my Lorde, I thinke not,' annswered Heywoode." + +The "booke" presented by Heywoode to the Marquis of Winchester was _A +Dialogue contayning in Effect the Number of all the Proverbes in the +English Tongue compact in a Matter concerning two Marriages; first +printed by Berthelet in_ 1546. In 1556 it was "Newly overseen and +somewhat augmented." A copy of the latter is in the British Museum. + +John Bolton, from whom the proverb derives its origin, was one of +Henry VIII.'s "diverting vagabonds." He is several times mentioned +as winning money from the king at cards and dice in one of the _Royal +Household Books_. + +It is but right that I should give this information to your +correspondent "T. Cr.", as I have omitted to "note it" in my reprint +of Hutton's curious tract. + +Edward F. Rimbault. + + +_Cardinal Beaton_ (Vol. ii., p. 433.).--In Smith's _Iconographia +Scotica_ is a portrait of Beaton said to be painted by Vandyke, and +evidently the one engraved in Lodge. It is accompanied by a memoir, +which would probably be of use to Scotus, as it contains references to +a great number of authorities used in its compilation. If Scotus has +not met with this, and will send me his address I will forward to him +the leaves containing the life. + +John I. Dredge. + +Pateley Bridge. + + +_Portrait of Cardinal Beaton_ (Vol. ii., p. 433.).--In No. 57. +allusion is made to the portrait of Cardinal Beaton, now at Blairs +College, near Aberdeen. In Fyvie Castle, Aberdeenshire, where one +of the copies of this portrait, from the easel of James Giles, Esq., +R.S.A., now is, there are some manuscripts of Abbé Macpherson (who +sent the Blairs picture to this country), purchased at the sale of +the late Mr. Chalmers, author of _Caledonia_. Among them there might +possibly be some which might tend to confirm the authenticity of the +original painting. + +S.P. + + +"_He that runs may read_" (Vol. ii., pp. 374. 439.).--It is idle to +prolong this controversy. I think it is no interpretation of part +of ver. 2., chap. ii, Habakkuk. Nor do I believe that it has any +reference to it. But it is obviously a favourite poetic quotation, and +your readers will find it at line 80, in Cowper's _Tirocinium, or A +Review of Schools_. + +J.G.H. + +Pimlico. + + +_Sir George Downing_ (Vol. ii., p. 464.).--Particulars respecting the +first Sir George Downing may be found in Wood's _Athenæ Oxonienses_, +ii. 27. 758, 759.; Wotton's _English Baronetage_, iv. 415.; +_Parliamentary History of England_, xix. 411. 465. 499.; _Continuation +of the Life of Edward Earl of Clarendon_, royal 8vo. edit., 1116, +1117. 1165-1170, Burnet's _History of his own Time_, ed. 1838, 136.; +Heath's _Chronicle_, 2nd edit., 448. 528, 529, 530. 582.; _Personal +History of Charles II_. (at end of Bohn's edition of _Grammont_), +431.; Lister's _Life of Clarendon_, ii. 231-255. 268-271. 311-315. +(Mr. Lister's third volume contains numerous letters to and from Sir +George Downing); Vaughan's _Protectorate of Cromwell_, i. 227. 255, +256. 264. 266. 268., ii. 299. 317. 433.; Courtenay's _Memoirs of Sir +W. Temple_, i. 117. 264. 269.; Pepys's _Diary_; and Evelyn's _Diary_. + +Wotton was not acquainted with the fact stated by your correspondent, +that "the family is of most ancient origin in Devonshire." Wotton +states, and apparently on good authority, that the first of the family +of whom he had found mention, was Godfrey Downing, of the county of +the city of {498} _Norwich_, who had a son, Arthur Downing, of the +county of _Norfolk_, whose son, Calybut (the grandfather of the first +Sir George), was of Shennington, in _Gloucestershire_. + +Mr. Sims, in his _Index to the Heralds' Visitations_, refers to +pedigrees and arms of the family of Downing under _Buckinghamshire_, +_Essex_, and _Norfolk_. + +C.H. Cooper. + +Cambridge, December 9. 1850. + + +_Burning to Death, or Burning of the Hill_ (Vol. ii., p. 441.).--The +following extract from Collinson's _Somerset_, vol. iii. p. 374., +where it is quoted from the _Laws of the Miners of Mendip_, 1687, may +throw some light upon the incidents referred to by J.W.H.:-- + + "Among certain laws by which the miners were anciently + regulated is the following, viz.: + + "'That if any man of that occupation do pick or steal any lead + or ore to the value of thirteen pence halfpenny, the lord or + his officer may arrest all his lead and ore, house and hearth, + with all his goods, grooves, and works, and keep them as + forfeit to his own use; and shall take the person that hath so + offended, and bring him where his house and work, and all his + tools and instruments belonging to the same occupation, are; + and put him into his house or work, and set every thing on + fire about him, and banish him from that occupation before all + the miners for ever.'--_Laws of the Miners of Mendip_, 1687. + + "This is called _Burning of the Hill_." + +It is to be hoped that any of the readers of "Notes and Queries" +resident among this mining population (who are said to retain many +other ancient and remarkable customs), and possessing any information +in illustration of it, will record it in your columns. + +William J. Thoms. + + +_The Roscommon Peerage_ (Vol. ii., p. 469.).--My attention has been +called to an article in No. 58. respecting the descendants of the +first Earl of Roscommon. + +As I am very interested in the subject, I beg An Hiberian, should this +meet his eye, to allow me to correspond with him. + +He is quite right as to the old tombstone. When I was a boy, some five +or six and forty years ago, my father, one day as we were passing by +the churchyard, mentioned that stone to me; but as I had then several +cousins living whose claims were prior to mine, the matter made but +little impression upon my mind. + +My father was Thomas, the second son of Garrett, who was the son of +Thomas, down to whom the genealogy from the first Earl was traced upon +the stone. + +That stone and another, as I learn, were removed and destroyed, or +concealed, many years ago, doubtless through some interested motive; +and, unfortunately, no copies of the inscriptions have, that I can +discover, been preserved by any branch of the family. + +When the late Earl became a claimant, it was not known whether +the descendants of Patrick, my father's elder brother, who had all +emigrated, were living or dead; which circumstance, it was considered, +would be an impediment to my claim. + +Besides which it was also thought, the testimony on the stone having +been lost, that the traditions in the family would not be sufficient +to establish a claim: under these circumstances I refrained from +coming forward to oppose the claims of the late Earl. But now, as +it is believed that there are none of my cousins living, I am +endeavouring to collect evidence in support of my claim; and proof of +what your correspondent states would be exceedingly useful. + +Garrett Dillon, M.D. + +8. Queen's Parade, Bath. + + +_The Word "after" in the Rubric_ (Vol. ii., p. 424.).--In the edition +of the _Latin Common Prayer_, published in 12mo., Londini, 1574, which +must be a very early edition (probably the fourth or fifth), there is +a great verbal difference in the conclusion of the exhortation from +the English original. It stands thus: + + "Quapropter omnes vos qui præsentes hic adestis, per Dei nomen + obtestor, ut interni sensus vestri, cum meo conjuncti pariter, + ad cælestis clementiæ thronum subvolent, ut in hunc, qui + sequitur, sermonem, succedatur." + +Then follows the rubric, "Generalis confessio, ab universa +congregatione dicenda, genibus flexis." It would appear from this, +that the confession was repented at the same time by the minister and +the congregation, and not by the congregation after the minister. + +Of the authenticity of this edition there can be no doubt. It bears +the royal arms on the titlepage, and is printed "Cum privilegio Regiæ +majestatis. Excudebat Thomas Vautrollerius." I have not seen the +earlier editions. A Greek version was printed with the Latin, in one +volume, one year before; and the Latin was republished in 1584. The +edition of 1574 was printed before the Catechism was completed by the +questions on the sacraments. In the rubrics of the Lord's Prayer, in +the Post Communion, and in the last prayers the Commination Service, +the word _after_ is rendered by _post_. + +The difference between the Latin and the English in the exhortation +is very remarkable, for it does not make the priest dictate the +confession, but repeat it with them; whereas the English services of +Edward and Elizabeth, unaltered in any subsequent editions, distinctly +make the priest dictate the confession. There can be no doubt about +the sense of the word _after_, when we find it in the rubrics of the +Post Communion and Commination translated _post_. Some of your readers +may be able to give an account of the Latin versions, and explain by +what influence the alteration {499} was made, and how it came to be +sanctioned, while the English remained unchanged. + +E.C.H. + + +_Disputed Passage in the Tempest_ (Vol. ii., pp. 259. 299. 337. +429.).--Allow me to remind Mr. George Stephens, who takes credit for +adhering to the "primitive" text of a certain disputed passage in +the _Tempest_, that neither he nor any one else does so; that the +"primitive" text, that is, the text of the first folio, is mere +nonsense, and that he simply adopts the first attempt at correction, +instead of the second, or the third, or the fourth. + +Enough has been written, perhaps, on the meaning of this passage; and +opinion will always be divided between those who adopt the prosaical, +and those who prefer the more poetical reading: but when Mr. Stephens +says the construction is merely an instance of a "common ellipsis," +I cannot but think it would be an advantage if he would inform us +whether he uses this term in its common acceptation, and if so, if he +would give the meaning stated at first. If this be a common ellipsis, +I must confess myself to be so stupid as not to understand it. + +I dissent, too, altogether from the opinion that the comma is of +any importance in the construction of this passage. Assuming, as one +correspondent says, and as Mr. Stephens (for I don't quite understand +his brief judgment) seems to say, that "_most busie least_" means +_least busy_, the placing a comma between "least" and the conjunction +"when" can in no way affect the sense, though, as a matter of taste, I +should decidedly object to it. + +To show that I am not wedded to any particular interpretation, I have +another suggestion to make which has struck me even while writing. +Taking "lest" for _least_, can it have been used for _at least_, or as +some people say, _leastwise_? The sense would still be the same as I +have contended for, expressed something like this: "But these sweet +thoughts do even refresh my labours: at least they are most busy when +I forget myself in my occupation." + +Samuel Hickson. + + +_Lady Compton's Letter_ (Vol. ii., p. 424.).--Mr. C.H. Cooper inquires +whether this letter appeared before 1839? Gifford gives an extract +from it in Massinger's _City Madam_, Act II., where the daughters of +Sir John Frugal make somewhat similar stipulations from their suitors. +When speaking of this letter as "a modest and consolatory one," +Gifford adds, "it is _yet extant_." The editor of a work entitled +_Relics of Literature_ (1823) gives it at length, with this reference, +"Harleian MSS. 7003." The property of Lady Compton's father, Sir John +Spencer, is stated variously from 300,000l. to 800,000l. In this case, +riches brought with them their customary share of anxieties. Lysons, +in his _Environs of London_, informs us that a plot was actually laid +for carrying off the wealthy merchant from his house at Canonbury, by +a pirate of Dunkirk, in the hope of obtaining a large ransom. + +J.H.M. + + +_Midwives licensed_ (Vol. ii., p. 408.).--I have a manuscript volume +which belonged to Bishop Warburton, and apparently to other Bishops +of Gloucester before him; containing, amongst other Pontificalia, in +writing of various ages, a number of forms of licences, among which +occurs "Licentia Obstetricis," whereby the bishop + + "eandem A.B. ad exercendam Artem et Officium Obstetricis in et + per totam Diocesin Gloucestrensem prædietam admisit et Literas + Testimoniales superiade fieri decrevit." + +There is no mention of charms or incantations in the licence, but the +oath "de jure in hac parte requisito," is required to have been made. +The form is of the same writing as several others which bear dates +from 1709 to 1719. Below is a memorandum of the fees, amounting to +17s. 6d. + +Thomas Kerslake. + +Bristol. + + +_Echo Song_ (Vol. ii., p. 441.).--Although I cannot supply Llyd Rhys +Morgan with the name of the writer, I may refer him to D'Israeli's +_Curiosities of Literature_, p. 257. (Moxon's edit. 1840), where he +will find another Echo Song, by a certain Francis Cole, so similar to +the one he quotes as to induce me to think that they either come from +the same pen, or that the one is an imitation of the other. + +Y. + + +_The Irish Brigade_ (Vol. ii., pp. 407. 452.).--It is understood John +C. O'Callaghan, Esq., author of the _Green Book_, contemplated a +much more copious work on the subject than that by the late Matthew +O'Connor, mentioned by your correspondent (p. 452.). The _Union +Quotidienne_ of 23rd April last announced a work by M. de la Ponce, +_Essai sur l'Irlande Ancienne, et sur les Brigades Irlandaises au +Service de France, depuis leur Organisation en 1691_; but whether +published or not I am not aware. Perhaps some of your correspondents +may know. + +Drumlethglas. + + +_To save one's Bacon_ (Vol. ii., p. 424.).--May I venture to suggest +that this phrase has reference to the custom at Dunmow, in Essex, of +giving a flitch of bacon to any married couple residing in the parish, +who live in harmony for a year and a day. A man and his wife who +stopped short when on the verge of a quarrel might be said to have +"just saved their bacon;" and in course of time the phrase would be +applied to any one who barely escaped any loss or danger. + +X.Z. + + +_"The Times" Newspaper and the Coptic Language_ (Vol. ii., p. +377.).--J.E. quotes a passage from _The Times_ newspaper respecting +the Coptic language, and asks if any correspondent can furnish a +clearer account of its structure than the writer of that article has +given. A reference to the work {500} which he was reviewing (Kenrick's +_Ancient Egypt under the Pharaohs_) will show the origin of the +apparent inconsistency on which J.E. animadverts. In that work it is +said (vol. i. p. 100.): + + "The roots of the Coptic language appear to have been + generally monosyllabic, and the derivatives have been formed + by a very simple system of prefixing, inserting, and affixing + certain letters, which have usually undergone but little + change, not having been incorporated with the root, nor melted + down by crasis, nor softened by any euphonic rules." + +Again (vol. i. p. 107.), speaking of the supposed connexion between +India and Egypt: + + "The Sanscrit is the most polished and copious language ever + spoken by man; the Coptic, the most rude of all which were + used by the civilised nations of antiquity." + +The writer in _The Times, currente calamo_, has thrown the contents +of these two sentences together, and somewhat strengthened the +expressions of his author, who does not call the Coptic system of +inflexion rude, nor assert that it is totally different from the +Syro-Arabian system, but quotes the opinion of Benfey, that they +differ so much that neither can have originated from the other, but +both from a parent language. The distinction between a system of +_inflexion_ and one of _affixes_ and _prefixes_ is not permanent. What +we call the inflexions of the Greek verb were once, no doubt, affixes; +but while, in the Greek, they have become incorporated with the root, +in the Coptic they stand rigidly apart from it. + +Herampion. + + +_Luther's Hymns_ (Vol. ii., p. 327.).--A writer in the _Parish Choir_ +of September last (p. 140.) has traced the words "In the midst of life +we are in death" to a higher source than the Salisbury Service-book. +It occurs in the choir-book of the monks of St. Gall in Switzerland, +and was probably composed by Notker, surnamed the Stammerer, about the +end of the ninth century, or the beginning of the tenth. + +C.H. + +St. Catherine's Hall, Cambridge. + + +_Osnaburg Bishopric_ (Vol. ii., pp. 358. 484.).--The occupiers of this +bishopric were princes ecclesiastical of the empire, and had not +only the ordinary authority of bishops in their dioceses, but were +sovereigns of their provinces and towns in the same manner as were the +princes temporal. + +The bishopric of Osnaburg was founded by Charlemagne, and was filled +by various princes until 1625, when Cardinal Francis William, Count of +Wartemburg, was elected by the chapter. + +By the Treaty of Osnaburg, 1642, which was ratified at the Peace of +Westphalia, 1648, the House of Brunswick resigned all claims to the +archbishoprics of Magdeburg and Bremen, and to the bishoprics of +Halberstadt and Ratzburg; and received the alternate nomination of +the bishopric of Osnaburg, which was declared to belong jointly to the +Catholic and the Protestant branch of Brunswick. + +Under this arrangement, on the death of Count Wartemburg in 1662, +Ernest Augustus I., the sixtieth bishop, patriarch of the present +royal family of England, succeeded to the government of Osnaburg, +which he held for thirty-six years. + +Ernest Augustus II, sixty-second bishop, Duke of Brunswick and +Lunenburg, was made Duke of York and Albany, and Bishop of Osnaburg, +in 1716, in the room of Charles Joseph of Lorraine. He died in 1748. + +Frederick, second son of George III., was appointed bishop at an early +age; he being called, in a work dedicated to him in 1772, "An infant +bishop." + +By the Treaty of Vienna, the bishopric of Osnaburg was made part of +the kingdom of Hanover. + +The ancient territory of the Bishop of Osnaburg consisted of Osnaburg, +Iborg, Forstenau, Bostel, Quakenburg, Vorde Gronsburg, Hunteburg on +the lake Dummer, Witlage, Melle, and Holte. + +In Halliday's _History of the House of Guelph_, 4to., 1821, at +p. 133., the conditions of the Treaty of Osnaburg relative to the +bishopric are given at length. + +Whilst preparing the above I have seen the reply of F.E. at p. 447., +and would beg to correct the following errors:-- + +The Treaty of Osnaburg was 1642, not 1624. + +Halliday's _House of Guelph_ was published 1821, not 1820. + +Reference to the conditions of the treaty at p. 133. is omitted. + +F.B. Relton. + + +_Scandal against Queen Elizabeth_ (Vol. ii., p. 393.).--There is a +current belief in Ireland that the family of Mapother, in Roscommon, +is descended from Queen Elizabeth: and there are many other traditions +completely at variance with the ordinarily received opinion as to +her inviolate chastity. A discussion of the matter might discover the +foundation on which they rest. + +R. Ts. + + +_Pretended Reprint of Ancient Poetry_ (Vol. ii., p. 463.).--The late +Rev. Peter Hall was the person at whose expense the two copies of the +work mentioned by Dr. Rimbault were reprinted. At the sale of that +gentleman's library, in May last, one of these two reprints was sold +for 20s. + +Cato. + + +_Martin Family_ (Vol. ii., p. 392.).--If your correspondent Clericus +will refer to Morant's _History of Essex_, vol. ii. p. 188., he will +find some account of the family of Martin. There do not appear to +be any families of the name of Cockerell or Hopkins in the same +neighbourhood. + +J.A.D. + + +"_Ge-ho_," _Meaning of_.--I am a little girl, only two years and five +months old, and my kind aunt Noo teaches me to spell. Now I hear the +men, when driving their horses, say "Ge-ho;" {501} and I think they +say so because G, O, spells "Go." Is it so, can anybody say? + +I am, your youngest correspondent, + +Katie. + + [Better etymologists than Katie have made far worse guesses + than our youngest correspondent. But in Brand's _Popular + Antiquities_, by Ellis, vol. i. p. 294. ed. 1841 (the + passage is not in the last edition), is the following curious + illustration of the phrase _Ge-ho_. + + "A learned friend, whose communications I have frequently had + occasion to acknowledge in the course of this work, says, + the exclamation '_Geho, Geho_,' which carmen use to their + horses, is probably of great antiquity. It is not peculiar to + this country, as I have heard it used in France. In the story + of the Milkmaid, who kicked down her pail, and with it all her + hopes of getting rich, as related in a very ancient collection + of apologues, entitled _Dialogus Creaturarum_, printed + at Gonda in 1480, is the following passage: 'Et cum sic + gloriaretur, et cogitaret cum quantâ gloriâ duceretur ad illum + virum super equum dicendo _gio gio_, cepit percutere terram + quasi pungeret equum calcaribus.'" + + Brand's learned correspondent was, doubtless, the late Mr. + Douce, from whom the writer of this Note has often heard the + same illustration.] + + +_Lady Norton_ (Vol. ii., p. 480.).--An account of lady Norton may be +seen in _Memoirs of several ladies of Great Britain, who have been +celebrated for their writings or skill in the learned languages arts +and sciences_. By George Ballard. Oxford, 1752. 4º. She is said to +have written two books, viz.: _The applause of virtue. In four parts._ +etc. London, 1705. 4º. pp. 262; and _Memento mori: or meditations on +death_. London 1705. 4º. pp. 108. She was living in advanced years, +about 1720. + +The same biographical repertory contains an account of her daughter, +lady Gethin--of whom some particulars were given by myself in a small +volume of essays printed for private circulation, under the title of +_Curiosities of literature illustrated_, in 1837. On that occasion +I ventured to express my belief that lady Gethin did not compose one +sentence of the _remains_ ascribed to her; but I hope the claims of +lady Norton to _patristic learning_ may more successfully bear the +test of critical examination. + +Bolton Corney. + + * * * * * + + +Miscellaneous. + +NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC. + +Honour to the University of Oxford, Honour to the Rev. Josiah +Forshall, and though last not least, Honour to the learned Keeper +of the Manuscripts in the British Museum, Sir Frederick Madden, for +giving us _The Holy Bible containing the Old and New Testaments with +the Apocryphal Books, in the earliest English versions made from the +Latin Vulgate, by John Wycliffe and his followers_. Never did the +University Press put forth a more valuable or more important work +than these four handsome quartos, (published, too, at the marvellously +small price of five guineas), in which are now printed, for the first +time, in an entire form, those Versions which may be regarded as +the earliest in the English language which embrace any considerable +proportion of the Holy Scriptures. By this publication, Oxford has +done her part towards wiping away the disgrace which has so long +attached to this country--which boasts, and justly and proudly boasts, +of being _the_ country of Bibles--for its long-continued neglect of +these early versions of the vernacular Scriptures. How great was +the influence which they exercised upon the religious opinions and +sentiments of the nation at large in the interval between the years +1382 and 1526, how great an amount of scriptural truth they diffused, +how effectually they supplied the opponents of the Papal system with +the means of exposing its abuses and errors, and how they thereby +laid a deep foundation for the reform of the sixteenth century, may be +clearly seen by a perusal of the Preface to this great work; on which +the learned editors have employed their learning and industry for two +and twenty years, to their own high credit, and to the vindication +of English scholarship. But our limited space will not admit of +our detailing all the claims which this _editio princeps_ of the +_Wycliffite Scriptures_ has upon the attention of our readers, or of +pointing out all the great services which its editors have rendered +to the literary, no less than to the religious world. When we state +briefly that in the work before us we have the _two_ versions, the +_earlier_ and _later_ versions, printed side by side; that these +are accompanied by various readings gathered from the collection of +upwards of one hundred different manuscripts; introduced by a preface +full of new and most interesting particulars of this first attempt to +give to this country the Scriptures in a tongue "understanded of the +people;" and the whole rendered complete by an extensive and most +valuable glossary, we feel persuaded our readers will agree with us in +giving honour to all who have had hand or heart in the production of +these deeply interesting volumes. + +We have received the following Catalogues:--C.J. Stewart's (11. +King William Street, Strand) Catalogue of Doctrinal, Controversial, +Practical, and Devotional Divinity; a well-timed catalogue containing +some extraordinary Collections, as of Roman and Spanish Indexes of +Books prohibited and expurgated, and of Official and Documentary +Works on the Inquisition; B.R. Wheatley's (44. Bedford Street, Strand) +Catalogue of Scarce and Interesting Books for 1851; Joel Rowsell's +(28. Great Queen Street) Catalogue No. XL. of a Select Collection of +Second-hand Books; John Miller's (43. Chandos Street) Catalogue No. +15. for 1850 of Books Old and New. + + * * * * * + + +BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES + +WANTED TO PURCHASE. + +George Herbert, Jacula Prudentum; or, Outlandish Proverbs, etc. 12mo. +London. 1651. + +N.R. Gent, Proverbs, English, French, Dutch, Italian, and Spanish. +12mo. London. 1659. + +*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, +to be sent to Mr. Bell, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet +Street. + + * * * * *{502} + + +Notices to Correspondents. + +Our Christmas Number. _This week our able contemporary_, Household +Words, _treats his readers to a Christmas Number. It is one of the +many good things in which our popular friend has anticipated us. +Thanks, however, to the Peace Congress, we are content to be thus +anticipated without giving utterance to the time-honoured_ "Pereant +qui ante nos nostra dixerunt." _Still, as we earnestly desire to +close the year in peace with all the world, or, which is much the same +thing, with all the readers of_ Notes and Queries, _we propose, on +Saturday next, treating them to a_ Christmas Number, _rich in articles +on_ Folk Lore, Popular Literature, &c., _and to use as ballast for our +barque, which will at such occasion be of unwonted lightness, a number +of Replies which we have by us imploring for admittance into our +columns._ + +The Index to Volume the Second _will be ready early in January._ + +_All Catalogues, Bills, or Prospectuses intended for insertion in our +next Monthly Part, must be sent to the Office, 186. Fleet Street, by +Friday the 27th instant._ + + * * * * * + +Seventeenth Thousand. Fcp., price 7s. + +PROVERBIAL PHILOSOPHY. A Book of Thoughts and Arguments, originally +treated. By Martin Farquhar Tupper, Esq., D.C.L.F.R S., of Christ +Church, Oxford. With a Portrait. + +London: Thomas Hatchard, 187. Piccadilly. + + * * * * * + +The concluding Volume of the Archbishop of Canterbury's Exposition of +the New Testament. + +Just published, 8vo., or 2 vols. 12mo., price 9s. + +A PRACTICAL EXPOSITION OF ST. PAUL'S EPISTLES to the THESSALONIANS, to +TIMOTHY, TITUS, PHILEMON, and to the HEBREWS, in the form of Lectures, +intended to assist the practice of Domestic Instruction and Devotion. +By John Bird Sumner, D.D., Archbishop of Canterbury. + +London: Thomas Hatchard, 187. Piccadilly. + + * * * * * + +Now Ready, cloth, 1s. + +THE GREEK CHURCH. A Sketch by the Author of "Proposals for Christian +Union." + +"Like its predecessors, the volume is amiable and +interesting."--_Notes and Queries._ + +"Anything written by the Author of 'Proposals for Christian Union' is +sure to be distinguished by an excellent spirit. The 'Greek Church,' +a Sketch, is well put together; and, though slight, will be found to +contain as much real information as many a book of greater size and +more pretension."--_The Guardian_. + +This Essay concludes the Series. The four preceding numbers on sale, +Second Edition, 1s. each. + +London: James Darling, Great Queen Street, Lincoln's-Inn-Fields. +Edinburgh: 12. South St. Andrew's Street. + + * * * * * + +Price 1d., by Post 2d., or 5s. per Hundred for Distribution. + +WESTMINSTER AND DR. WISEMAN; or, FACTS _v._ FICTION. By William +Page Wood, Esq., M.P., Q.C. Reprinted from _The Times_ with an +Advertisement on the subject of the Westminster Spiritual Aid Fund, +and more especially on the Duty and Justice of applying the Revenues +of the suspended Stalls of the Abbey for the adequate Endowment of the +District Churches in the immediate neighbourhood. + +Second Edition, with an Appendix. + +London: George Bell, 186. Fleet Street; Messrs. Rivington's, St. +Paul's Church-yard, and Waterloo Place; and Thomas Hatchard, 187. +Piccadilly and _by Order_, of all Booksellers. + + * * * * * + +MR. MURRAY'S + +LIST OF BOOKS JUST READY. + + * * * * * + +I. + +LAVENGRO. By George Borrow, Author of "The Bible in Spain." Portrait. +3 vols. Post 8vo. + +II. + +THE LEXINGTON PAPERS; or the Official and Private Correspondence of +Robert Sutton, while Minister at Vienna, 1694-98. 8vo. 14s. + +III. + +THE MILITARY EVENTS IN ITALY, 1848-9. From the German. By Lord +Ellesmere. Map. 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AND JAMES II. + +Edited by LORD BRAYBROOKE. + +This Edition will contain all the passages restored from the Original +Manuscript, and all the Additional Notes. Vol. I. will be ready with +the Magazines on the 1st of January, 1851, and the subsequent volumes +will appear in regular monthly succession. Those who desire copies +on the days of publication, are requested to give their orders +immediately to their respective Booksellers. + +"We unhesitatingly characterize this journal as the most remarkable +production of its kind which has ever been given to the world. Pepys +paints the Court, the Monarchs, and the times, in more vivid +colours than any one else. His 'Diary' makes us comprehend the great +historical events of the age, and the people who bore a part in them, +and gives us more clear glimpses into the true English life of the +times than all the other memorials of them that have come down to our +own."--_Edinburgh Review_. + +"The best book of its kind in the English language. 'Pepys' Diary' is +the ablest picture of the age in which the writer lived, and a work of +standard importance in English literature."--_Athenæum._ + + * * * * * + +Also now ready, in 2 vols. 8vo., uniform with "The Curiosities of +Literature." 28s. bound. + +THE LIFE AND REIGN OF CHARLES I. + +BY J. DISRAELI. + +A New and Revised Edition, edited, with a Preface, by B. 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WHEATLEY'S CATALOGUE FOR 1851 OF BOOKS IN LITERARY HISTORY AND +BIBLIOGRAPHY, interspersed with Works on a variety of subjects likely +to interest the Gatherer of Trifles in the pleasant By-ways of History +and Literature. + + * * * * * + +SMITH, ELDER, & Co.'s NEW PUBLICATIONS. + + * * * * * + +NEW CHRISTMAS BOOKS. + + * * * * * + +Mr. Thackeray's New Christmas Book. + +THE KICKLEBURYS ON THE RHINE. A New Picture Book, Drawn and Written by +Mr. M.A. Titmarsh. Price 5s. plain, 7s. 6d. coloured. Now ready. + + * * * * * + +A New Fairy Tale. + +THE KING OF THE GOLDEN RIVER. Or, The Black Brothers. With +Illustrations by Richard Doyle. Now ready. + + * * * * * + +NEW WORKS NOW READY. + +TABLE TALK. By Leigh Hunt. 1 vol. crown 8vo., cloth gilt, price 7s. + + * * * * * + +PIQUE: A Novel. In 3 vols. post 8vo. + + * * * * * + +CONVERSATIONS OF GOETHE WITH ECKERMANN. By John Oxenford. Translated +from the German. In 2 vols. post 8vo., cloth, price 24s. + + * * * * * + +WUTHERING HEIGHTS AND AGNES GREY. With a Selection of the Literary +Remains of ELLIS and ACTON BELL, and a Biographical Notice of both +Authors by Currer Bell. 1 vol. small post 8vo., cloth, price 6s. + +London: Smith, Elder, & Co., 65. Cornhill. + + * * * * *{504} + +NEW BOOKS + +PUBLISHED OR SOLD BY + +HENRY G. BOHN, YORK STREET, COVENT GARDEN. + + * * * * * + +JAMESON'S (MRS.) BEAUTIES OF THE COURT OF CHARLES THE SECOND; + +Illustrating the Diaries of Pepys, Evelyn, Clarendon, &c. Imp. 8vo. +Illustrated by Twenty-one Beautiful Portraits, comprising the whole +of the celebrated suite of Paintings by Sir Peter Lely, preserved at +Hampton Court and the Windsor Gallery, extra cloth, richly gilt back +and sides, gilt edges, 1l. 5s.; or with India proof impressions of the +Plates, 2l. 10s. + + +SILVESTRE'S UNIVERSAL PALEOGRAPHY; + +Or, Fac-similes of the Writings of every Age, taken from the Most +Authentic Missals and Manuscripts. Containing upwards of Three Hundred +large and beautifully executed Fac-similes, richly illuminated in the +Finest Style of Art. 2 vols. atlas folio, half Morocco extra, gilt +edges, 31l. 10s. + + +MADDEN'S (SIR FREDERICK) UNIVERSAL PALEOGRAPHY, + +From the French of BARON SILVESTRE. (Descriptive Letter press to the +preceding Work.) 2 vols. royal 8vo. 1l. 16s. 1850. + + +BARBER'S ISLE OF WIGHT. + +Illustrated by Forty-five Fine Steel Plates, including a Portrait of +Her Majesty, with a Map of the Island, and Dr. Mantell's Geological +Map. 8vo. A New and Improved Edition, completed to the Present Time, +elegant, in cloth gilt, 10s. 6d. 1850. + +*** The present Edition contains Two new and very accurate Views +of Ryde from the Sea, a new View of Osborne, and every possible +Information up to September, 1850. + + +PUGIN'S GLOSSARY OF ECCLESIASTICAL ORNAMENT AND COSTUME; + +Setting forth the Origin, History, and Signification of the various +Emblems, Devices, and Symbolical Colours peculiar to Christian Design +of the Middle Ages. Eighty Plates, splendidly printed in gold and +colours, royal 4to. half morocco extra, 7l. 7s. + + +PUGIN'S NEW WORK ON FLORIATED ORNAMENT. + +Thirty Plates splendidly printed in gold and colours, royal 4to. +Elegantly bound in cloth, with rich gold ornaments, 3l. 3s. + + +BURKE'S ENCYCLOPÆDIA OF HERALDRY; + +Or, General Armoury of England, Scotland, and Ireland, containing a +very Comprehensive and Exact Account of the Arms of English Families, +with an Introduction to Heraldry, a Dictionary of Terms, and a +Supplement. Imperial 8vo. (uniform with his Peerage), 1l. 5s. + + +SKELTON'S POETICAL WORKS, BY DYCE. + +2 vols. 8vo. (published at 1l. 12s.) cloth, 12s. + + +SHAKSPEARE LIBRARY, + +Consisting of Romances, Novels, Poems and Histories used by Shakspeare +as the Foundation of his Dramas, by PAYNE COLLIER. 2 vols. 8vo. +(published at 1l. 1s.) cloth, 10s. 6d. + + +STRUTT'S DRESSES AND HABITS OF THE PEOPLE OF ENGLAND. + +Edited by J.R. 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