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You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes and Queries, 1850.12.21 + A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, + Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc. + +Author: Various + +Editor: George Bell + +Release Date: March 11, 2008 [EBook #24803] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, 1850.12.21 *** + + + + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, William Flis, Jonathan Ingram +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Library of Early +Journals.) + + + + + +NOTES AND QUERIES: + +A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, +ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC. + + * * * * * + +"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE. + + * * * * * + +No. 60.] SATURDAY, DECEMBER 21. 1850. [Price Threepence. Stamped +Edition 4d. + + * * * * *{489} + + + +CONTENTS. + + Notes:-- Page + Division of Intellectual Labour 489 + On a Passage in "Love's Labour's Lost" 490 + Treatise of Equivocation 490 + Parallel Passages, by Albert Cohn 491 + Minor Notes:--True or False Papal Bulls--Burning Bush + of Sinai--The Crocodile--Umbrella--Rollin's Ancient + History, and History of the Arts and Sciences--MSS. + of Locke--The Letter [gh]--A Hint to Publishers 491 + Queries:-- + Bibliographical Queries 492 + Minor Queries:--Meaning of "Rab. Surdam"--Abbot Richard + of Strata Florida--Cardinal Chalmers--Armorial + Bearings--"Fiat Justitia"--Painting by C. Bega--Darcy + Lever Church--R. Ferrer--Writers on the + Inquisition--Buckden--True Blue--Passage in + "Hamlet"--Inventor of a secret Cypher--Fossil Elk of + Ireland--Red Sindon--Lights on the Altar--Child's + Book by Beloe 493 + Replies:-- + Mercenary Preacher, by Henry Campkin 495 + "The Owl is abroad," by Dr. E.F. Rimbault 495 + Old St. Pancras Church, by J. Yeowell 496 + Replies to Minor Queries:--Cardinal Allen's + Admonition--Bolton's Ace--Portrait of Cardinal + Beaton--"He that runs may read"--Sir George + Downing--Burning to Death, or Burning of the + Hill--The Roscommon Peerage--The Word "after" + in the Rubric--Disputed Passage in the + "Tempest"--Lady Compton's Letter--Midwives + licensed--Echo Song--The Irish Brigade--To save + one's bacon--"The Times" Newspaper and the Coptic + Language--Luther's Hymns--Osnaburg Bishopric--Scandal + against Queen Elizabeth--Pretended reprint of Ancient + Poetry--Martin Family--Meaning of "Ge-ho"--Lady Norton 497 + Miscellaneous:-- + Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &c. 501 + Books and Odd Volumes Wanted 501 + Notices to Correspondents 502 + Advertisements 502 + + * * * * * + + +Notes. + + +DIVISION OF INTELLECTUAL LABOUR. + +Every one confesses, I believe, the correctness of the _principle_ +called "Division of labour." But if any one would form an adequate +estimate of the ratio of the effect produced, in this way, to the +labour which is expended, let him consult Dr. Adam Smith. I think he +states, as an example, that a single labourer cannot make more than +ten pins in a day; but if eight labourers are employed, and each of +them performs one of the eight separate processes requisite to the +formation of a pin, there will not merely be eight times the number of +pins formed in a day, but nearly eighty times the number. (Not having +the book by me, I cannot be certain of the exact statistics.) + +If this principle is proved, then, to be of such extraordinary +utility, why should it not be made serviceable in other matters +besides the "beaver-like" propensity of amassing wealth and satisfying +our material desires? Why should not your periodical be instrumental +in transferring this invaluable principle to the labours of the +intellectual world? If your correspondents were to send you abstracts +or _précis_ of the books which they read, would there not accrue a +fourfold benefit? viz.: + +1. A division of intellectual labour; so that the amount of knowledge +available to each person is multiplied in an increasing ratio. + +2. Knowledge is thus presented in so condensed a form as to be more +easily comprehended at a glance; so that your readers can with greater +facility construct or understand the theories deducible from the whole +circle of human knowledge. + +3. Authors and inquiring men could tell, before expending days on the +perusal of large volumes, whether the _particulars_ which these books +contain would be suitable to the object they have in view. + +4. The unfair criticisms which are made, and the erroneous notions +diffused by interested reviewers, would in a great measure be +corrected, in the minds, at least, of your readers. + +You might object that such _précis_ would be as partial as the reviews +of which the whole literary world complain. But, in the first place, +these abstracts would be written by literary men who are not dependent +on booksellers for their livelihood, and would not therefore be likely +to write up trashy books or detract from the merit of valuable works, +for the sake of the book trade. And besides, your correspondents give +their articles under their signature, so that one could be openly +corrected by another who had read the same work. Again, it is only the +_leading idea_ of the book which you would require, and no attendant +praise or blame, neither eulogistic exordium nor useless appeals to +the reader. The author, moreover, might send you the skeleton of his +own book, and {490} you would of course give this the prior place in +your journal. + +Another objection is, that the length of such _précis_ would not +permit them to come within the limits of your work. But they _should +not_ be long. And even if one of them should take up four or five +pages, you could divide it between two or three successive numbers of +your periodical. And, besides, your work, by embracing this object, +would be greatly increased in utility; the number of your subscribers +would be multiplied, and the increased expense of publication would +thus be defrayed. + +But, if the advantages resulting from such a division of intellectual +labour would be as great as I fondly hope, I feel sure that the energy +and enterprise which caused you to give a tangible reality to your +scheme for "Notes and Queries" would also enable you to overcome all +difficulties, and answer all trifling objections. + +R.M. + + * * * * * + + +ON A PASSAGE IN LOVE'S LABOUR'S LOST. + +In _Love's Labour's Lost_, Act II. Sc. 1., Boyet, speaking of the King +of Navarre and addressing the Princess of France, says: + + "All his behaviours did make their retire + To the court of his eye, peeping thorough desire: + His heart, like an agate, with your print impressed, + Proud with his form, in his eye pride expressed: + His tongue, _all impatient to speak and not see_, + Did stumble with haste in his eyesight to be; + All senses to that sense did make their repair, + To feel only looking on fairest of fair." + +This speech is a remarkable specimen of the affected style of +compliment prevalent in the time of Elizabeth. The third couplet, at +first sight, appears to have a signification exactly opposed to that +which the context requires. We should expect, instead of "the tongue +all impatient _to speak_," to find "the tongue all impatient _to +see_." + +No one of the editors of Shakspeare appears to me to have given a +satisfactory explanation of this passage. I therefore venture to offer +the following. + +In the Latin poets (who in this followed the Greeks) we find +adjectives and participles followed by the genitive case and the +gerund in _di_. Thus in Horace we have "patiens pulveris atque solis," +"patiens liminis aut aquæ coelestis," and in Silius Italicus (vi. +612.), "vetus bellandi." For other instances, see Mr. Baines' _Art of +Latin Poetry_, pp. 56-60. + +The Latin poets having taken this license, then proceeded a step +further, and substituted the infinitive mood for the gerund in _di_. +I cannot find any instance either of "patiens" or "impatiens" used +in this connection; but numerous instances of other adjectives and +participles followed by the infinitive mood may be found in pp. 68. to +73. of the _Art of Latin Poetry_. I cite two only, both from Horace: +"indocilis pauperiem pati," "quidlibet impotens sperare." + +Following these analogies, I suggest that the words "impatient to +speak and not see" mean "impatient of speaking (impatiens loquendi) +and not seeing," i.e., "dissatisfied with its function of speaking, +preferring that of seeing." + +This construction, at least, renders the passage intelligible. + +X.Z. + + * * * * * + + +TREATISE OF EQUIVOCATION. + +(Vol. ii., pp. 168. 446.) + +I feel greatly indebted to J.B. for a complete solution of the +question respecting this ambiguous book. Bewildered by the frequent +reference to it by nearly cotemporaneous writers, I had apprehended +it certain, that it had been a _printed_, if not a published work; and +that even a second edition had altered the title of the first. It is +now certain, that its existence was, and is, only _in manuscript_; +and that the alteration was intended only for its first impression, +if printed at all. It is a fact not generally known, that many papal +productions of the time were multiplied and circulated by copies +in MS.: Leycester's _Commonwealth_, of which I have a very neat +transcript, and of which many more are extant in different libraries, +is one proof of the fact.[1] I observe that in Bernard's very valuable +_Bibliotheca MSS., &c._, I had marked under _Laud Misc. MSS._, p. +62. No. 968. 45. _A Treatise against Equivocation or Fraudulent +Dissimulation_, what I supposed might be the work in request: but +being prepossessed with the notion that the work was in print, I did +not pursue any inquiry in that direction. I almost now suspect that +this is the very work which J.B. has brought to light. I had hoped +during the present year to visit the Bodleian, and satisfy myself with +an inspection of the important document. I am additionally gratified +with the information relative to the same subject by Mr. Sansom, p. +446. J.B. observes, that the MS. occupies sixty-six pages only. Will +no one have the charity for historic literature to make it a public +benefit? If with notes, so much the better. It is of far more +interest, as history is concerned, and that of our own country, than +many of the tracts in the Harleian or Somers' Collections. Parsons's +notice of it in his _Mitigation_, and towards the end, as if he was +just then made acquainted with it, is very {491} characteristic and +instructive. He knew of it well enough, but thought others might not. + +Again I say, why not print the work? + +J.M. + + [We have reason to believe that this important historical + document is about to be printed.] + +[Footnote 1: _A Memorial for the Reformation in England_, by R.P. +(Parsons), of which I have a well transcribed copy, is another. It was +published by Gee.] + + * * * * * + + +PARALLEL PASSAGES. + +In Shakspeare's _Henry IV._, Act V. Sc. 4., the Prince exclaims, +beholding Percy's corpse,-- + + "When that this body did contain a spirit, + A kingdom for it was too small a bound; + But now two paces of the vilest earth + Is room enough!" + +In Ovid we find the following parallel:-- + + "... jacet ecce Tibullus, + Vix manet e toto parva quod urna capit." + +A second one appears in the pretended lines on the sepulchre of Scipio +Africanus:-- + + "Cui non Europa, non obstitit Africa unquam, + Respiceres hominem, quem brevis urna premit." + +The same reflection we find in Ossian:-- + + "With three steps I measure thy grave, + O thou, so great heretofore!" + +It is very difficult indeed to determine in which of these passages +the leading thought is expressed best, in which is to be found the +most energy, the deepest feeling, the most touching shortness. I +think one should prefer the passage of Shakspeare, because the direct +mention of the corporal existence gives a magnificent liveliness to +the picture, and because the very contrast of the space appears most +lively by it; whereas, at the first reading of the other passages, it +is not the human being, consisting of body and soul, which comes in +our mind, but only the human spirit, of which we know already that it +cannot be buried in the grave. + +One of the most eminent modern authors seems to have imitated the +passage of Shakspeare's _Henry IV_. Schiller, in his _Jungfrau von +Orleans_, says:-- + + "Und von dem mächt'gen Talbot, der die Welt + Mit seinem Kriegeruhm füllte, bleibet nichts + Als eine Hand voll leichten Staubs." + + (And of the mighty Talbot, whose warlike + Glory fill'd the world, nothing remains + But a handful of light dust.) + +Albert Cohn. + +Berlin. + + * * * * * + + +Minor Notes. + +_True or False Papal Bulls_.-- + + "Utrum bulla papalis sit vera an non. + + "Si vis scire utrum literæ domini Papæ sint veraces vel non, + numera punctos quæ sunt in bulla. Et si inveneris circulum + ubi sunt capita apostolorum habentem 73 punctos, alium vero + circulum 46, alium super caput Beati Petri habentem 26, alium + super caput Sancti Pauli habentem 25 punctos, et punctos quæ + sunt in barbâ 26, veraces sunt; alioquin falsæ.--Sir Matthew + Hale's _Manuscripts_, Library of Lincoln's Inn, vol. lxxiii. + p. 176. + +To which may be added, that in digging for the foundations of the +new (or present) London Bridge, an instrument was dug up for +counterfeiting the seals or Bullæ? Where is it now deposited? + +J.E. + + +_Burning Bush of Sinai._-- + + "Pococke asserts that the monks have planted in their garden + a bush similar to those which grow in Europe, and that by + the most ridiculous imposture, they hesitate not to affirm + that it is the same which Moses saw--the miraculous bush. + The assertion is false, and the alleged fact a mere + invention."--Geramb's _Pilgrimage to Palestine, &c._, English + trans. + +March 1. 1847. The bush was exhibited by two of the monks at the back +of the eastern apse of the church, but having its root within the +walls of the chapel of the burning bush. It was the common English +bramble, not more than two years old, and in a very sickly state, as +the monks allowed the leaves to be plucked by the English party then +in the convent. The plant grows on the mountain, and therefore could +be easily replaced. + +Viator. + + +_The Crocodile_ (Vol. ii., p. 277.).--February, 1847, a small +crocodile was seen in the channel, between the island of Rhoda and the +right bank of the Nile. + +Viator. + + +_Umbrella._--It was introduced at Bristol about 1780. A lady, now +eighty-three years of age, remembers its first appearance, which +occasioned a great sensation. Its colour was red, and it probably came +from Leghorn, with which place Bristol at that time maintained a great +trade. Leghorn has been called Bristol on a visit to Italy. + +Viator. + + +_Rollin's Ancient History, and History of the Arts and +Sciences._--Your correspondent Iota inquires (Vol. ii., p. 357.), +"How comes it that the editions" (of Rollin) "since 1740 have been +so castrated?" i.e. divested of an integral portion of the work, the +_History of the Arts and Sciences_. It is not easy to state _how_ +this has come to pass. During the last century comparatively little +interest was felt in the subjects embraced in the _History of the Arts +and Sciences_; and _probably_ the publishers might on that account +omit this portion, with the view of making the book cheaper and more +saleable. It is more difficult to assign any reason why Rollin's +Prefaces to the various sections of his _History_ should have been +mutilated and manufactured into a _general_ Introduction or Preface, +to make up which the whole of chap. iii. book x. was also taken out +of its proper place and order. A more remarkable instance of merciless +distortion of an {492} author's labours is not to be found in +the records of literature. Iota may take it as a fact--and that a +remarkable one--that since 1740 there had appeared no edition of +Rollin having any claim to integrity, until the one edited by Bell, +and published by Blackie, in 1826, and reissued in 1837. + +Veritas. + +Glasgow, Dec. 7. 1850. + + +_MSS. of Locke._--E.A. Sandford, Esq., of Nynehead, near Taunton, has +a number of valuable letters, and other papers, of Locke, and also an +original MS. of his _Treatise on Education_. Locke was much at Chipley +in that neighbourhood, for the possessor of which this treatise was, I +believe composed. + +W.C. Trevelyan. + + +_The Letter [gh]_.--Dr. Todd, in his _Apology for the Lollards_, +published by the Camden Society, alludes to the pronunciation of +the old letter [gh] in various words, and remarks that "it has +been altogether dropped in the modern spelling of [gh]erþ, 'earth,' +fru[gh]t, 'fruit,' [gh]erle, 'earl,' abi[gh]d, 'abide.'" The Doctor +is, however, mistaken; for I have heard the words "earl" and "earth" +repeatedly pronounced, in Warwickshire, _yarl_ and _yarth_. + +J.R. + + +_A Hint to Publishers_ (Vol. ii., p. 439.) reminds me of a particular +grievance in Alison's _History of Europe_. I have the first edition, +but delay binding it, there being no index. Two other editions have +since been published, possessing each an index. Surely the patrons +and possessors of the first have a claim upon the Messrs. Blackwood, +independent of the probability of its repaying them as a business +transaction. + +T.S. + + * * * * * + + +Queries. + +BIBLIOGRAPHICAL QUERIES. + +(Continued from p. 441.) + +(25.) Has there been but a single effort made to immortalise +among printers Valentine Tag? Mercier, Abbé de Saint-Léger, in his +_Supplément à l'Hist. de l'Imprimerie_, by Marchand, p. 111., accuses +Baron Heinecken of having stated that this fictitious typographer set +forth the _Fables Allemandes_ in 1461. Heinecken, however, had merely +quoted six German lines, the penultimate of which is + + "An Sant Valantinus Tag," + +intimating only that the work had been concluded on St. Valentine's +day. + +(26.) Can there be any more fruitful source of error with respect to +the age of early printed books than the convenient system of esteeming +as the primary edition that in which the date is for the first time +visible? It might be thought that experienced bibliographers would +invariably avoid such a palpable mistake; but the reverse of this +hypothesis is unfortunately true. Let us select for an example the +case of the _Vita Jesu Christi_, by the Carthusian Ludolphus de +Saxonia, a work not unlikely to have been promulgated in the infancy +of the typographic art. Panzer, Santander, and Dr. Kloss (189.) +commence with an impression at Strasburg, which was followed by one +at Cologne, in 1474. Of these the former is mentioned by Denis, and by +Bauer also (ii. 315.). Laire notes it likewise (_Ind. Par._, i. 543.: +cf. 278.), but errs in making Eggestein the printer, as no account +of him is discernible after 1472. (Meerman, i. 215.) Glancing at the +misconceptions of Maittaire and Wharton, who go no farther back than +the years 1478 and 1483 respectively, let us return to the suppressed +_editio princeps_ of 1474. De Bure (_Théol._, pp. 121-2.) records +a copy, and gives the colophon. He says, "Cette édition, qui est +l'originale de cet ouvrage, est fort rare;" and his opinion has been +adopted by Seemiller (i. 61.), who adds, "Litteris impressum est hoc +opus sculptis." In opposition to all these eminent authorities, I will +venture to express my belief that the earliest edition is one which +is _undated_. A volume in the Lambeth collection, without a date, and +entered in Dr. Maitland's _List_, p. 42., is thus described therein: +"Folio, eights, Gothic type, col. 57 lines;" and possibly the +printer's device (_List_, p. 348.) might be appropriated by I. +Mentelin, of Strasburg. To this book, nevertheless, we must allot a +place inferior to what I would bestow upon another folio, in which +the type is particularly Gothic and uneven, and in which each of the +double columns contains but forty-seven lines, and the antique initial +letters sometimes used are plainly of the same xylographic race as +that one with which the oldest _Viola Sanctorum_ is introduced. It +may be delineated, in technical terms, as being _sine loco, anno, +et nomine typographi. Car. sigg., paginarum num. et custodd. Vocum +character majusculus est, ater, crassus, et rudis._ Why should not +Mentz have been the birthplace of this book? for there it appears that +the author's MS. was "veneratione non parva" preserved, and there he +most probably died. I would say that it was printed between 1465 and +1470. It is bound up with a _Fasciculus Temporum_, Colon. 1479, which +looks quite modern when compared with it, and its beginning is: "De +Vita hiesu a venerabili viro fratro (_sic_) Ludolpho Cartusiensi edita +incipit feliciter." The leaves are in number forty-eight. At the end +of the book itself is, "Explicit vita ihesu." Then succeeds a leaf, +on the recto of which is a table of contents for the entire work +and after its termination we find: "Explicit vita cristi de quatuor +ewãgelistis et expositõne doctorum sanctorum sumpta." + +(27.) Upon what grounds should Mr. Bliss (Vol. ii., p. 463.) refuse to +be contented with the {493} very accurate reprint of Cardinal Allen's +_Admonition to the Nobility and People of England and Ireland_, with a +Preface by Eupator (the Rev. Joseph Mendham), London, Duncan, 1842? + +(28.) In an article on Ticknor's _History of Spanish Literature_, in +the _Quarterly Review_ for last September, p. 316, we read: + + "The second _Index Expurgatorius_ ever printed was the Spanish + one of Charles V. in 1546." + +Was the critic dreaming when he wrote these words? for, otherwise, how +could he have managed to compress so much confusion into so small a +space? To say nothing of "the _second_" Expurgatory Index, the _first_ +was not printed until 1571; and this was a _Belgic_, not a "_Spanish_ +one." It is stamped by its title-page as having been "in Belgia +concinnatus," and it was the product of the press of Plantin, at +Antwerp. With regard to the _Indices Expurgatorii_ of Spain, the +earliest of them was prepared by the command of Cardinal Quiroga, and +issued by Gomez, typographer-royal at Madrid, in 1584. The copy in +my hand, which belonged to Michiels, is impressed with his book-mark +"première édition." Will the writer in the _Quarterly Review_ +henceforth remember that an _Expurgatory_ Index is essentially +different from one of the _Prohibitory_ class? But even though he +should faithfully promise to bear this fact in mind, his misreport as +to the year "1546" must not remain uncensured; for this was not the +date of the "second" appearance of an imperial _mandement_. There was +an ordinance published for the restraint of the press, not only in +1544, but also in 1540, and even in 1510. For the last, see Panzer, +vii. 258. + +(29.) What is the nearest approach to certainty among the attempts +successfully to individuate the ancient relater of _Mirabilia Romæ_? +That he lived in the thirteenth century seems to be admitted; and the +work, as put forth in Montfaucon's _Diarium Italicum_ (pp. 283-298.), +will be found to differ considerably from the edition, in 12mo. with +the arms of Pope Leo X. on the title-page. + +(30.) "_Antiquitas Sæculi Juventus Mundi._"--The discussion in your +pages (Vol. ii., pp. 218. 350. 395. 466.) of the origin of this +phrase has so distinctly assumed a bibliographical aspect, that I +feel justified on the present occasion in inquiring from your various +correspondents whether, while they have been citing Bacon and Bruno, +Whewell and Hallam, they have lost sight of the beautiful language of +the author of the Second Book of Esdras (chap. xiv. 10.)? + + "The world hath lost his youth, and the times begin to wax + old." + + "Sæculum perdidit juventutem suam, et tempora appropinquant + senescere."--_Biblia_, ed. Paris, 1523. + +R.G. + + * * * * * + + +Minor Queries. + +_Rab. Surdam, Meaning of._--The eccentric but clever and learned +William Nicol, one of the masters of the High School of Edinburgh, and +noted as the friend of Burns, was the son of a poor man, a tailor, +in the village of Ecclefechan, in Dumfriesshire. He erected, over +the grave of his parents, in Hoddam churchyard, a _throuch stone_, or +altar-formed tomb, bearing the words + +"RAB. SURDAM." + +Query the meaning of these mystical characters? + +Edinensis. + + +_Abbot Richard of Strata Florida._--Can you or any of your antiquarian +readers solve me the following. It is stated in vol. i. p. 100. of +Lewis Dwnn's _Heraldic Visitation into Wales, &c._, art. "Williames of +Ystradffin in the county of Caermarthen":-- + + "William ab Thomas Goch, Esq., married Joan, daughter and + sole heiress to Richard the Abbot of Strata Florida, county of + Cardigan (temp. Henry VII.), son of David ab Howel of Gwydyr, + North Wales." + +From this I naturally expected to find some connecting link between +the Abbot and the ancient family of Wynn of Gwydyr, derived from +Rhodri Lord of Anglesey. In their lineage, however, the name of David +ab Howel does not occur; but about the aforesaid period one of their +progenitors named Meredith ab Sevan, it is stated, purchased Gwydyr +from a David ab Howel Coytmore, derived through the Lord of Penymachno +from Prince David, Lord of Denbigh, the ill-fated brother of Llewelyn, +last sovereign prince of North Wales. Is it not therefore likely that +the said Abbot Richard was son to the above David ab Howel (Coytmore), +the ancient proprietor of Gwydyr; that his surname was Coytmore; +and the arms he bore were those of his ancestor David Goch, Lord of +Penymachno, viz., Sa. a lion ramp., ar. within a bordure engr. or. + +W.G.S.J. + + +_Cardinal Chalmers._--Can any of your readers give me some information +about a Cardinal Chalmers,--whether there ever was a cardinal of the +name, and where I could find some account of him? I have the boards of +an old book on which are stamped in gilding the Chalmers arms, with +a cardinal's hat and tassels over them. If I remember correctly, +the arms are those of the family of Chalmers, of Balnacraig, in +Aberdeenshire. + +I have some reason to believe that the boards were purchased at the +sale of the author of _Caledonia_. + +S.P. + + +_Armorial Bearings_ (Vol. ii., p. 424.).--My note of the coat-armour +in question stands thus: "Three bars between ten bells, four, +three, two, and one." And I have before now searched in vain for its +appropriation. I am consequently obliged to {494} content myself with +the supposition that it is a corruption, as it may easily be, of the +coat of Keynes, viz. "vair, three bars gules," the name of the wife of +John Speke, the great-great-grandfather of Sir John Speke, the founder +of the chapel; and this is the more probable as the arms of Somaster, +the name of his grandfather's wife, appear also in the roof of the +same chapel. + +J.D.S. + + [J.D.S. is right in his blazon; and we had been requested by + J.W.H. to amend his Query respecting this coat.--ED.] + + +"_Fiat Justitia_"--Who is the author of the apothegm-- + + "Fiat justitia, ruat coelum?" + +J.E.B. MAYOR. + + +_Painting by C. Bega_.-- + + "Wÿ singen vast wat nieus, en hebben noch een buÿt, + Een kraekling, is ons winst, maet tliedtkenmoet eerst wt." + +I have a small oil painting on oak panel which bears the above +inscription. The subject of the painting is a boy, who holds in his +hands a song, which he appears to be committing to memory, whilst +another boy is looking at the song over his shoulder. "C. Bega" is +written on the back of the picture-frame, that evidently being the +artist's name. I shall feel obliged by your translating the above two +lines for me, and also for information as to "C. Bega." + +W.E. Howlett. + +Kirton. + + +_Darcy Lever Church._--On the line of railway from Normanton to Bolton +there is a small station called Darcy Lever. + +The church there struck me, on a casual view, as one of the most +beautiful examples of ecclesiastical architecture which I have ever +seen, and I should therefore like very much to know the date of the +structure, and, if possible, the architect. + +The singularity which attracts attention is the delicate tracery of +the spire, which I should wish to see largely imitated. + +E. + + +_R. Ferrer._--I have a drawing, _supposed_ to be of Sir W. Raleigh +by himself when in the Tower: it came from Daniel's _History of Henry +VII._, and below it was written, + + "R. Ferrer, + Nec Prece nec Pretio." + +Could the "Notes and Queries" ask if anything is known of this R.F.? + +H.W.D. + + +_Writers on the Inquisition._--In the English edition of Voltaire's +_Philosophical Dictionary_, article "Inquisition," I find, among other +authors on that subject who are quoted, Hiescas Salazar, Mendoça +(sic: Query, Salasar y Mendoça?), Fernandez, Placentinus, Marsilius, +Grillandus, and Locatus. Can any of your bibliographical friends give +me any information as to these authors or their works? Let me at the +same time ask information respecting Bordoni, the author of _Sacrum +Tribunal Indicum in causis sanctæ fidei contra Hereticos, &c._, Rome, +1648. + +Iota. + + +_Buckden_ (Vol. ii., p. 446.).--Will M.C.R. explain his allusion to +"the abbot's house" at Buckden. I am not aware of Buckden having +been the seat of a monastic establishment. Perhaps what he calls "the +abbot's house" is part of the palace of the bishops of Lincoln. + +C.H. Cooper. + +Cambridge, December 2. 1850. + + +_True Blue._--Query the origin of the term "True Blue." After the +lapse of a few years it seems to have been applied indifferently to +Presbyterians and Cavaliers. An amusing series of passages might be +perhaps gathered exemplifying its use even to the present time. The +colour and "cry" True Blue are now almost monopolised by the Tory +party, although there are exceptions--Westmoreland and Yorkshire, for +instance. + +Viator. + + +_Passage in Hamlet._--In Mr. C. Knight's "Library," "Pictorial," and +"Cabinet" editions of Shakspeare, the following _novel_ reading is +given without note or comment to say why the universally received text +has been altered. It occurs in _Hamlet_, Act I. Sc. 7. + + _Ham._ "Staid it long? + _Hor._ "While one with _modern_ haste might tell a hundred." + +As Mr. Knight is now publishing a "National" edition of Shakspeare, +perhaps you will allow me through your pages to ask for his authority +for this change of "moderate" to "modern," in order that his new +reading may either be justified or abandoned. + +J.J.M. + + +_Inventor of a secret Cypher._--I think that there was in the +fifteenth century a Frenchman so profound a calculator that he +discovered for the King of France a secret cypher, used by the court +of Spain. I saw a notice of him in Collier's great _Dictionary_, but +have forgotten him, and should like to renew my acquaintance. + +Tyro-Etymologicus. + + +_Fossil Elk of Ireland._--Can any of your learned readers give me +information on the fossil elk of Ireland--_Cervus Megaceros_, +_Cervus Giganteus_ of Goldsmith? It is stated to be found in various +countries, as France, Germany, and Italy, besides England and Ireland. +In the Royal Dublin Society museum there is, I am told, a rib of this +animal which has the appearance of having been wounded by some sharp +instrument, which remained long fixed in the bone, but not so deeply +as to affect the creature's life. It seemed to be such a wound as the +head of an arrow would produce. + +It has been by some thought to be the "Sech" of Celtic tradition. I +have learned that the last specimen was shot so lately as 1533, and +that a {495} figure of the animal, mistaken for the common elk, is, +engraved in the November Chronicle. Now I should feel exceedingly +obliged if any information could be rendered me on the matters stated +above, as I am most anxious to collect all possible information +regarding this most noble species of the Dama tribe. + +W.R.C. (a Subscriber). + +Exeter, Nov. 1850. + + +_Red Sindon_ (Vol. ii., p. 393.).--Will Mr. Planché be so good as to +say what the _red sindon_ of the chamber of Philippa was? + +B.W. + + +_Lights on the Altar._--1. What evidence is there that in the British +or Saxon churches lights were burned on the altar at the time of the +eucharist? + +2. Are there any Canons of these churches, sanctioning the practice? + +3. What evidence is there of any other service or solemnity, where +lights were burned in the day-time in these churches. + +D. Sholbus. + + +_Beloe, Child's Book by._--In the _Sexagenarian_, by Beloe, is the +following passage: + + "In four mornings he (Rev. W. Beloe) wrote a book which + he intended as an amusement for his children. Some friends + recommended him to print it, and though many years have + elapsed since it was written, it still continues so great a + favourite with younger readers, that an edition is every year + published." + +Can any of your readers inform me the name of the book here alluded +to; and who was the publisher? + +F.B. Relton + + * * * * * + + +Replies. + +MERCENARY PREACHER. + +In reply to a Query as to the meaning of this epithet in an obituary +notice, quoted, in Vol. i, p. 384., your correspondent Arun suggests, +in the same volume, p. 489., that it was most likely "used in its +primary signification, and in the sense in which we still apply it +to troops in the pay of a state, foreign to their own." I cannot help +thinking, that by the designation _mercenary_ was implied something +more disreputable than that merely of "one who, having no settled +cure, was at liberty to be 'hired;'" and in this I am borne out by +Chaucer, no mean authority, who, in his well-known picture of the +parson, in the Prologue to the _Canterbury Tales_, amongst the various +items of piety and virtuousness with which, in that inimitable piece +of character-painting, he credits the "pore persoun of a toun," +distinctly states (I quote Mr. Wright's Percy Society edition),-- + + "He was a Schepperde and no _mercenarie_." + +Now this emphatic disclaimer shows clearly enough that when Chaucer +wrote, to be a _mercenary preacher_ was not, in _reputation_ at least, +a desirable position; and whether some two centuries and a half later, +the appellation became less objectionable, is a question not unworthy +of elucidation. No lengthened transcript is needed from so popular a +description; its whole spirit is directed not only against hirelings, +but also against non-residents:-- + + "He sette not his benefice to huyre, + And lefte his scheep encombred in the myre; + * * * * * + But dwelte at hoom and kepte wel his folde." + +Neither hireling nor non-resident found favour in Chaucer's eyes. They +could have very little in common with one whom he says:-- + + "But Criste's lore, and his apostles twelve, + He taught, but first he folwed it himselve." + +The _date_ of the obituary quoted, 1646, lends, too some force to the +supposition that "old Mr. Lewis" was, vulgarly speaking, "no better +than he ought to be." Milton not many years afterwards published his +memorable philippic _On the likeliest Means to remove Hirelings out +of the Church_; and after all allowance is made for the sternness of +the Puritan poet's theology, there would still remain enough to show +that his fiercely eloquent tract might well have been called forth +by the presence in the church of an overweening army of "Mercenary +Preachers." Further space, however, need not now be trenched on; +but should any new facts be adduced by some of your correspondents +illustrative of the curious entry referred to, I am sure they will +be welcomed by all your readers, and by none more than by yours, +obediently, + +Henry Campkin. + +Reform Club, Dec. 2. 1850. + + * * * * * + + +"THE OWL IS ABROAD." + +(Vol. ii., p. 393.) + +A.R. asks, "On what ground is the base song, 'The Owl is abroad' +attributed to Henry Purcell?" To which I reply, the mistake--for +_mistake_ it is--originated with Dr. Clarke (afterwards Clarke +Whitfield), who inserted it in his _Beauties of Purcell_. How little +this musician knew of the "beauties" of Purcell is exhibited in +his work; and how little he knew of the style and peculiarities of +the music of the period, is shown by his insertion of the song in +question. Dr. Clarke's mistake is noticed in the late William Linley's +elegant work entitled _Shakspeare's Dramatic Songs_, vol. i. p. 6. His +words are these: + + "In regard to the _Tempest_ music of Mr. Smith, it has been + put to a strange medley of words; some of them are, however by + Shakspeare; but they do not appear to come the brighter from + the polish it was his design to give them; here and there we + have a flash or two, but they must ever be vainly opposed to + Purcell's pure and steady light. The song of 'No More {496} + Dams,' is however an excellent one, and it has been selected + accordingly. The other song, 'The Owl is abroad,' is also + characteristic, but the words are not Shakspeare's. The last + air has been inserted in Dr. Clarke's _Beauties of Purcell_, + as Purcell's. _This is a mistake, which, in justice to Smith, + should be rectified._" + +Your correspondent also refers to Mr. G. Hogarth's _Memoirs of the +Musical Drama_, as an authority for attributing the song in question +to Purcell. Mr. Hogarth's work, I am sorry to say, can never be +depended upon as to facts. It is almost entirely made up from +_second-hand_ authorities; consequently blunders of the greatest +magnitude occur in every chapter. It has the merit of being a +well-written and an entertaining book; but here any praise must end. + +A.R. speaks of having referred to Purcell's _Tempest_. I must beg to +correct him in this statement, as no _complete_ copy of that work +(my own excepted) is known to exist. Goodeson's (printed at the end +of the last century) is the only copy approaching to anything like +completeness, and that is very unlike Purcell's _Tempest_. Did A.R. +find in Purcell's _Tempest_ the music of the beautiful lyric, "Where +the Bee sucks?" No. Yet Purcell composed music to it. The absence, +then, of "The Owl is abroad," is no proof that Purcell did not write +music for that song also. + +But, in the present case, A.R. may rest assured that the song about +which he inquires is the veritable composition of John Christopher +Smith. + +Edward F. Rimbault. + + * * * * * + + +OLD ST. PANCRAS CHURCH. + +Your correspondent Stephen (Vol. ii., p. 407.) asks for information +respecting the "Gospel Oak Tree at Kentish Town." Permit me to +connect with it another Query relative to the foundation of the +old St. Pancras Church, as the period of its erection has hitherto +baffled research. From the subjoined extracts, it appears to be of +considerable antiquity. The first extract is from a MS. volume which +I purchased at the sale of the library of the Rev. H.F. Lyte (Lot +2578.), entitled,-- + + "Spicilegium: or A Brief Account of Matters relating to the + ecclesiastical Politie of the British Church, compiled from + Histories, Councils, Canons, and Acts of Parliament," A.D. + 1674. + +It was apparently written for publication, but is without name +or initials. At p. 21. the writer, after giving an account of the +foundation of the cathedral church of Canterbury, goes on to say,-- + + "Without the walls, betwixt the Cathedral and St. Martin's + Church, stood an idol temple, which, with the leave and + goodwill of King Ethelbert, St. Augustine purged, and then + consecrated it to the memory of St. Pancras the martyr, and + after prevailed with the king to found a monastery there for + the monks, in honour of the two prime apostles, St. Peter and + Paul, appointing it to be the burial-place of the _Kentish_ + Kings, as also for his successors in that see. The like + to this was Pancras Church, near London, otherwise called + _Kentish_ Church, which some ignorantly imagine was the mother + of St. Paul's Church in London. I rather think it might be + the burying-place belonging to the church of St. Paul, before + Cuthbert, Archbishop of Canterbury, obtained leave of the Pope + to bury in cities. And in imitation of that at Canterbury, + this near London was dedicated to St. Pancras and called + _Kentish_ Church." + +Connected with the Query of Stephen, it is worthy of notice that +St. Augustine held a conference with the Cambrian bishops at a place +called by Bede, Augustine's Ac, or Oak, on the borders of the Weccii +and West Saxons, probably near Austcliffe, in Gloucestershire (Bede's +_Eccles. Hist._ lib. ii. c. 2.). + +_Norden_, who wrote in the reign of Elizabeth, in his _Speculum +Britainniæ_, says that-- + + "The church of St. Pancras standeth all alone, as utterly + forsaken, old and weather-beaten, which, for the antiquitie + thereof, is thought not to yield to Paule's of London." + +which idea is repeated by _Weever_. And in the year 1749, some unknown +poet, soliloquising upon the top of Primrose Hill, bursts out into +the following rapturous musing at the sight of "the old weather-beaten +church" in the distance.-- + + "The rev'rend spire of ancient Pancras view, + To ancient Pancras pay the rev'rence due; + _Christ's sacred altar there, first Britain saw_, + And gaz'd, and worshipp'd, with an holy awe, + Whilst pitying heav'n diffus'd a saving ray, + And heathen darkness changed to Christian day." + +_Gentleman's Mag._, xiv. 276. + +Perhaps some of the gentlemen now engaged in compiling historical +notices of the parish of St. Pancras will be able to dispel the +Cimmerian darkness which at present envelopes the consecration of the +old church. + +The late Mr. Smith, author of _Nollekins and his Times_, made some +collections towards a History of St. Pancras. Query, What has become +of them? + +J. Yeowell. + +Hoxton. + + +_Old St. Pancras Church_ (Vol. ii., p. 464.)--In a note in Croker's +edition of Boswell's _Johnson_ (8vo. 1848, p. 840.), Mr. Markland +says, that the reason assigned by your correspondent, and in the +text of Boswell, for the preference given by the Roman Catholics to +this place of burial, rests, as he had learned from unquestionable +authority, upon no foundation; "that mere prejudice exists amongst the +Roman Catholics in favour of this church, as is the case with respect +to other places of burial in various parts of the kingdom." Mr. +Markland derived his information from the late {497} Dr. Bramston, Mr. +Charles Butler, and Mr. Gage Rokewoode. + +S.D. + + * * * * * + + +Replies to Minor Queries. + + +_Cardinal Allen's Admonition_ (Vol. ii., p. 463.).--In the Grenville +Library, at the British Museum, there is a copy of this work, which I +happen to have seen only a few hours before I read Mr. Bliss's Query. +Mr. Mendham's reprint of the _Admonition_, published by Duncan in +1842, appeared to me to be remarkably accurate, from a hasty collation +which I made of some parts of it with the original. The Grenville +copy was formerly Herbert's, and may possible be the same which was +sold for 35s. in Mr. Caldecott's sale in 1832. Connected with this +_Admonition_ of Cardinal Allen, there is another question of some +interest. In Bohn's Guinea Catalogue, No. 16,568., was a broadside, +there said to be _unknown and unique_, and entitled _A Declaration of +the Sentence and Deposition of Elizabeth, the Usurper and pretended +Queen of England_. This was drawn up by Cardinal Allen, and printed +at Antwerp; and copies were intended to be distributed in England upon +the landing of the Spanish Armada. Can any of your readers inform me +who is the present possessor of the document referred to, or whether +it has ever been reprinted, or referred to by any writer? Antony Wood, +I am aware, refers to the document, but it is plain that he never saw +it. + +H.P. + + +_Bolton's Ace_ (Vol. ii., p. 413.).--Ray's anecdote concerning the +proverb, "Bate me an ace, quoth Bolton," is perhaps more correctly +told in the _Witty Aunsweres and Saiengs of Englishmen_ (Cotton MS. +Jul. F. x.): + + "William Paulett, Marques of Wynchester and Highe Treasurer + of Engelande, being presented by John Heywoode with a booke, + asked hym what yt conteyned? and when Heywoode told him 'all + the proverbs in Englishe.' 'What all?' quoth my Lorde; 'No, + _Bate me an ace, quoth Bolton_, is that in youre booke?' 'No, + by my faith, my Lorde, I thinke not,' annswered Heywoode." + +The "booke" presented by Heywoode to the Marquis of Winchester was _A +Dialogue contayning in Effect the Number of all the Proverbes in the +English Tongue compact in a Matter concerning two Marriages; first +printed by Berthelet in_ 1546. In 1556 it was "Newly overseen and +somewhat augmented." A copy of the latter is in the British Museum. + +John Bolton, from whom the proverb derives its origin, was one of +Henry VIII.'s "diverting vagabonds." He is several times mentioned +as winning money from the king at cards and dice in one of the _Royal +Household Books_. + +It is but right that I should give this information to your +correspondent "T. Cr.", as I have omitted to "note it" in my reprint +of Hutton's curious tract. + +Edward F. Rimbault. + + +_Cardinal Beaton_ (Vol. ii., p. 433.).--In Smith's _Iconographia +Scotica_ is a portrait of Beaton said to be painted by Vandyke, and +evidently the one engraved in Lodge. It is accompanied by a memoir, +which would probably be of use to Scotus, as it contains references to +a great number of authorities used in its compilation. If Scotus has +not met with this, and will send me his address I will forward to him +the leaves containing the life. + +John I. Dredge. + +Pateley Bridge. + + +_Portrait of Cardinal Beaton_ (Vol. ii., p. 433.).--In No. 57. +allusion is made to the portrait of Cardinal Beaton, now at Blairs +College, near Aberdeen. In Fyvie Castle, Aberdeenshire, where one +of the copies of this portrait, from the easel of James Giles, Esq., +R.S.A., now is, there are some manuscripts of Abbé Macpherson (who +sent the Blairs picture to this country), purchased at the sale of +the late Mr. Chalmers, author of _Caledonia_. Among them there might +possibly be some which might tend to confirm the authenticity of the +original painting. + +S.P. + + +"_He that runs may read_" (Vol. ii., pp. 374. 439.).--It is idle to +prolong this controversy. I think it is no interpretation of part +of ver. 2., chap. ii, Habakkuk. Nor do I believe that it has any +reference to it. But it is obviously a favourite poetic quotation, and +your readers will find it at line 80, in Cowper's _Tirocinium, or A +Review of Schools_. + +J.G.H. + +Pimlico. + + +_Sir George Downing_ (Vol. ii., p. 464.).--Particulars respecting the +first Sir George Downing may be found in Wood's _Athenæ Oxonienses_, +ii. 27. 758, 759.; Wotton's _English Baronetage_, iv. 415.; +_Parliamentary History of England_, xix. 411. 465. 499.; _Continuation +of the Life of Edward Earl of Clarendon_, royal 8vo. edit., 1116, +1117. 1165-1170, Burnet's _History of his own Time_, ed. 1838, 136.; +Heath's _Chronicle_, 2nd edit., 448. 528, 529, 530. 582.; _Personal +History of Charles II_. (at end of Bohn's edition of _Grammont_), +431.; Lister's _Life of Clarendon_, ii. 231-255. 268-271. 311-315. +(Mr. Lister's third volume contains numerous letters to and from Sir +George Downing); Vaughan's _Protectorate of Cromwell_, i. 227. 255, +256. 264. 266. 268., ii. 299. 317. 433.; Courtenay's _Memoirs of Sir +W. Temple_, i. 117. 264. 269.; Pepys's _Diary_; and Evelyn's _Diary_. + +Wotton was not acquainted with the fact stated by your correspondent, +that "the family is of most ancient origin in Devonshire." Wotton +states, and apparently on good authority, that the first of the family +of whom he had found mention, was Godfrey Downing, of the county of +the city of {498} _Norwich_, who had a son, Arthur Downing, of the +county of _Norfolk_, whose son, Calybut (the grandfather of the first +Sir George), was of Shennington, in _Gloucestershire_. + +Mr. Sims, in his _Index to the Heralds' Visitations_, refers to +pedigrees and arms of the family of Downing under _Buckinghamshire_, +_Essex_, and _Norfolk_. + +C.H. Cooper. + +Cambridge, December 9. 1850. + + +_Burning to Death, or Burning of the Hill_ (Vol. ii., p. 441.).--The +following extract from Collinson's _Somerset_, vol. iii. p. 374., +where it is quoted from the _Laws of the Miners of Mendip_, 1687, may +throw some light upon the incidents referred to by J.W.H.:-- + + "Among certain laws by which the miners were anciently + regulated is the following, viz.: + + "'That if any man of that occupation do pick or steal any lead + or ore to the value of thirteen pence halfpenny, the lord or + his officer may arrest all his lead and ore, house and hearth, + with all his goods, grooves, and works, and keep them as + forfeit to his own use; and shall take the person that hath so + offended, and bring him where his house and work, and all his + tools and instruments belonging to the same occupation, are; + and put him into his house or work, and set every thing on + fire about him, and banish him from that occupation before all + the miners for ever.'--_Laws of the Miners of Mendip_, 1687. + + "This is called _Burning of the Hill_." + +It is to be hoped that any of the readers of "Notes and Queries" +resident among this mining population (who are said to retain many +other ancient and remarkable customs), and possessing any information +in illustration of it, will record it in your columns. + +William J. Thoms. + + +_The Roscommon Peerage_ (Vol. ii., p. 469.).--My attention has been +called to an article in No. 58. respecting the descendants of the +first Earl of Roscommon. + +As I am very interested in the subject, I beg An Hiberian, should this +meet his eye, to allow me to correspond with him. + +He is quite right as to the old tombstone. When I was a boy, some five +or six and forty years ago, my father, one day as we were passing by +the churchyard, mentioned that stone to me; but as I had then several +cousins living whose claims were prior to mine, the matter made but +little impression upon my mind. + +My father was Thomas, the second son of Garrett, who was the son of +Thomas, down to whom the genealogy from the first Earl was traced upon +the stone. + +That stone and another, as I learn, were removed and destroyed, or +concealed, many years ago, doubtless through some interested motive; +and, unfortunately, no copies of the inscriptions have, that I can +discover, been preserved by any branch of the family. + +When the late Earl became a claimant, it was not known whether +the descendants of Patrick, my father's elder brother, who had all +emigrated, were living or dead; which circumstance, it was considered, +would be an impediment to my claim. + +Besides which it was also thought, the testimony on the stone having +been lost, that the traditions in the family would not be sufficient +to establish a claim: under these circumstances I refrained from +coming forward to oppose the claims of the late Earl. But now, as +it is believed that there are none of my cousins living, I am +endeavouring to collect evidence in support of my claim; and proof of +what your correspondent states would be exceedingly useful. + +Garrett Dillon, M.D. + +8. Queen's Parade, Bath. + + +_The Word "after" in the Rubric_ (Vol. ii., p. 424.).--In the edition +of the _Latin Common Prayer_, published in 12mo., Londini, 1574, which +must be a very early edition (probably the fourth or fifth), there is +a great verbal difference in the conclusion of the exhortation from +the English original. It stands thus: + + "Quapropter omnes vos qui præsentes hic adestis, per Dei nomen + obtestor, ut interni sensus vestri, cum meo conjuncti pariter, + ad cælestis clementiæ thronum subvolent, ut in hunc, qui + sequitur, sermonem, succedatur." + +Then follows the rubric, "Generalis confessio, ab universa +congregatione dicenda, genibus flexis." It would appear from this, +that the confession was repented at the same time by the minister and +the congregation, and not by the congregation after the minister. + +Of the authenticity of this edition there can be no doubt. It bears +the royal arms on the titlepage, and is printed "Cum privilegio Regiæ +majestatis. Excudebat Thomas Vautrollerius." I have not seen the +earlier editions. A Greek version was printed with the Latin, in one +volume, one year before; and the Latin was republished in 1584. The +edition of 1574 was printed before the Catechism was completed by the +questions on the sacraments. In the rubrics of the Lord's Prayer, in +the Post Communion, and in the last prayers the Commination Service, +the word _after_ is rendered by _post_. + +The difference between the Latin and the English in the exhortation +is very remarkable, for it does not make the priest dictate the +confession, but repeat it with them; whereas the English services of +Edward and Elizabeth, unaltered in any subsequent editions, distinctly +make the priest dictate the confession. There can be no doubt about +the sense of the word _after_, when we find it in the rubrics of the +Post Communion and Commination translated _post_. Some of your readers +may be able to give an account of the Latin versions, and explain by +what influence the alteration {499} was made, and how it came to be +sanctioned, while the English remained unchanged. + +E.C.H. + + +_Disputed Passage in the Tempest_ (Vol. ii., pp. 259. 299. 337. +429.).--Allow me to remind Mr. George Stephens, who takes credit for +adhering to the "primitive" text of a certain disputed passage in +the _Tempest_, that neither he nor any one else does so; that the +"primitive" text, that is, the text of the first folio, is mere +nonsense, and that he simply adopts the first attempt at correction, +instead of the second, or the third, or the fourth. + +Enough has been written, perhaps, on the meaning of this passage; and +opinion will always be divided between those who adopt the prosaical, +and those who prefer the more poetical reading: but when Mr. Stephens +says the construction is merely an instance of a "common ellipsis," +I cannot but think it would be an advantage if he would inform us +whether he uses this term in its common acceptation, and if so, if he +would give the meaning stated at first. If this be a common ellipsis, +I must confess myself to be so stupid as not to understand it. + +I dissent, too, altogether from the opinion that the comma is of +any importance in the construction of this passage. Assuming, as one +correspondent says, and as Mr. Stephens (for I don't quite understand +his brief judgment) seems to say, that "_most busie least_" means +_least busy_, the placing a comma between "least" and the conjunction +"when" can in no way affect the sense, though, as a matter of taste, I +should decidedly object to it. + +To show that I am not wedded to any particular interpretation, I have +another suggestion to make which has struck me even while writing. +Taking "lest" for _least_, can it have been used for _at least_, or as +some people say, _leastwise_? The sense would still be the same as I +have contended for, expressed something like this: "But these sweet +thoughts do even refresh my labours: at least they are most busy when +I forget myself in my occupation." + +Samuel Hickson. + + +_Lady Compton's Letter_ (Vol. ii., p. 424.).--Mr. C.H. Cooper inquires +whether this letter appeared before 1839? Gifford gives an extract +from it in Massinger's _City Madam_, Act II., where the daughters of +Sir John Frugal make somewhat similar stipulations from their suitors. +When speaking of this letter as "a modest and consolatory one," +Gifford adds, "it is _yet extant_." The editor of a work entitled +_Relics of Literature_ (1823) gives it at length, with this reference, +"Harleian MSS. 7003." The property of Lady Compton's father, Sir John +Spencer, is stated variously from 300,000l. to 800,000l. In this case, +riches brought with them their customary share of anxieties. Lysons, +in his _Environs of London_, informs us that a plot was actually laid +for carrying off the wealthy merchant from his house at Canonbury, by +a pirate of Dunkirk, in the hope of obtaining a large ransom. + +J.H.M. + + +_Midwives licensed_ (Vol. ii., p. 408.).--I have a manuscript volume +which belonged to Bishop Warburton, and apparently to other Bishops +of Gloucester before him; containing, amongst other Pontificalia, in +writing of various ages, a number of forms of licences, among which +occurs "Licentia Obstetricis," whereby the bishop + + "eandem A.B. ad exercendam Artem et Officium Obstetricis in et + per totam Diocesin Gloucestrensem prædietam admisit et Literas + Testimoniales superiade fieri decrevit." + +There is no mention of charms or incantations in the licence, but the +oath "de jure in hac parte requisito," is required to have been made. +The form is of the same writing as several others which bear dates +from 1709 to 1719. Below is a memorandum of the fees, amounting to +17s. 6d. + +Thomas Kerslake. + +Bristol. + + +_Echo Song_ (Vol. ii., p. 441.).--Although I cannot supply Llyd Rhys +Morgan with the name of the writer, I may refer him to D'Israeli's +_Curiosities of Literature_, p. 257. (Moxon's edit. 1840), where he +will find another Echo Song, by a certain Francis Cole, so similar to +the one he quotes as to induce me to think that they either come from +the same pen, or that the one is an imitation of the other. + +Y. + + +_The Irish Brigade_ (Vol. ii., pp. 407. 452.).--It is understood John +C. O'Callaghan, Esq., author of the _Green Book_, contemplated a +much more copious work on the subject than that by the late Matthew +O'Connor, mentioned by your correspondent (p. 452.). The _Union +Quotidienne_ of 23rd April last announced a work by M. de la Ponce, +_Essai sur l'Irlande Ancienne, et sur les Brigades Irlandaises au +Service de France, depuis leur Organisation en 1691_; but whether +published or not I am not aware. Perhaps some of your correspondents +may know. + +Drumlethglas. + + +_To save one's Bacon_ (Vol. ii., p. 424.).--May I venture to suggest +that this phrase has reference to the custom at Dunmow, in Essex, of +giving a flitch of bacon to any married couple residing in the parish, +who live in harmony for a year and a day. A man and his wife who +stopped short when on the verge of a quarrel might be said to have +"just saved their bacon;" and in course of time the phrase would be +applied to any one who barely escaped any loss or danger. + +X.Z. + + +_"The Times" Newspaper and the Coptic Language_ (Vol. ii., p. +377.).--J.E. quotes a passage from _The Times_ newspaper respecting +the Coptic language, and asks if any correspondent can furnish a +clearer account of its structure than the writer of that article has +given. A reference to the work {500} which he was reviewing (Kenrick's +_Ancient Egypt under the Pharaohs_) will show the origin of the +apparent inconsistency on which J.E. animadverts. In that work it is +said (vol. i. p. 100.): + + "The roots of the Coptic language appear to have been + generally monosyllabic, and the derivatives have been formed + by a very simple system of prefixing, inserting, and affixing + certain letters, which have usually undergone but little + change, not having been incorporated with the root, nor melted + down by crasis, nor softened by any euphonic rules." + +Again (vol. i. p. 107.), speaking of the supposed connexion between +India and Egypt: + + "The Sanscrit is the most polished and copious language ever + spoken by man; the Coptic, the most rude of all which were + used by the civilised nations of antiquity." + +The writer in _The Times, currente calamo_, has thrown the contents +of these two sentences together, and somewhat strengthened the +expressions of his author, who does not call the Coptic system of +inflexion rude, nor assert that it is totally different from the +Syro-Arabian system, but quotes the opinion of Benfey, that they +differ so much that neither can have originated from the other, but +both from a parent language. The distinction between a system of +_inflexion_ and one of _affixes_ and _prefixes_ is not permanent. What +we call the inflexions of the Greek verb were once, no doubt, affixes; +but while, in the Greek, they have become incorporated with the root, +in the Coptic they stand rigidly apart from it. + +Herampion. + + +_Luther's Hymns_ (Vol. ii., p. 327.).--A writer in the _Parish Choir_ +of September last (p. 140.) has traced the words "In the midst of life +we are in death" to a higher source than the Salisbury Service-book. +It occurs in the choir-book of the monks of St. Gall in Switzerland, +and was probably composed by Notker, surnamed the Stammerer, about the +end of the ninth century, or the beginning of the tenth. + +C.H. + +St. Catherine's Hall, Cambridge. + + +_Osnaburg Bishopric_ (Vol. ii., pp. 358. 484.).--The occupiers of this +bishopric were princes ecclesiastical of the empire, and had not +only the ordinary authority of bishops in their dioceses, but were +sovereigns of their provinces and towns in the same manner as were the +princes temporal. + +The bishopric of Osnaburg was founded by Charlemagne, and was filled +by various princes until 1625, when Cardinal Francis William, Count of +Wartemburg, was elected by the chapter. + +By the Treaty of Osnaburg, 1642, which was ratified at the Peace of +Westphalia, 1648, the House of Brunswick resigned all claims to the +archbishoprics of Magdeburg and Bremen, and to the bishoprics of +Halberstadt and Ratzburg; and received the alternate nomination of +the bishopric of Osnaburg, which was declared to belong jointly to the +Catholic and the Protestant branch of Brunswick. + +Under this arrangement, on the death of Count Wartemburg in 1662, +Ernest Augustus I., the sixtieth bishop, patriarch of the present +royal family of England, succeeded to the government of Osnaburg, +which he held for thirty-six years. + +Ernest Augustus II, sixty-second bishop, Duke of Brunswick and +Lunenburg, was made Duke of York and Albany, and Bishop of Osnaburg, +in 1716, in the room of Charles Joseph of Lorraine. He died in 1748. + +Frederick, second son of George III., was appointed bishop at an early +age; he being called, in a work dedicated to him in 1772, "An infant +bishop." + +By the Treaty of Vienna, the bishopric of Osnaburg was made part of +the kingdom of Hanover. + +The ancient territory of the Bishop of Osnaburg consisted of Osnaburg, +Iborg, Forstenau, Bostel, Quakenburg, Vorde Gronsburg, Hunteburg on +the lake Dummer, Witlage, Melle, and Holte. + +In Halliday's _History of the House of Guelph_, 4to., 1821, at +p. 133., the conditions of the Treaty of Osnaburg relative to the +bishopric are given at length. + +Whilst preparing the above I have seen the reply of F.E. at p. 447., +and would beg to correct the following errors:-- + +The Treaty of Osnaburg was 1642, not 1624. + +Halliday's _House of Guelph_ was published 1821, not 1820. + +Reference to the conditions of the treaty at p. 133. is omitted. + +F.B. Relton. + + +_Scandal against Queen Elizabeth_ (Vol. ii., p. 393.).--There is a +current belief in Ireland that the family of Mapother, in Roscommon, +is descended from Queen Elizabeth: and there are many other traditions +completely at variance with the ordinarily received opinion as to +her inviolate chastity. A discussion of the matter might discover the +foundation on which they rest. + +R. Ts. + + +_Pretended Reprint of Ancient Poetry_ (Vol. ii., p. 463.).--The late +Rev. Peter Hall was the person at whose expense the two copies of the +work mentioned by Dr. Rimbault were reprinted. At the sale of that +gentleman's library, in May last, one of these two reprints was sold +for 20s. + +Cato. + + +_Martin Family_ (Vol. ii., p. 392.).--If your correspondent Clericus +will refer to Morant's _History of Essex_, vol. ii. p. 188., he will +find some account of the family of Martin. There do not appear to +be any families of the name of Cockerell or Hopkins in the same +neighbourhood. + +J.A.D. + + +"_Ge-ho_," _Meaning of_.--I am a little girl, only two years and five +months old, and my kind aunt Noo teaches me to spell. Now I hear the +men, when driving their horses, say "Ge-ho;" {501} and I think they +say so because G, O, spells "Go." Is it so, can anybody say? + +I am, your youngest correspondent, + +Katie. + + [Better etymologists than Katie have made far worse guesses + than our youngest correspondent. But in Brand's _Popular + Antiquities_, by Ellis, vol. i. p. 294. ed. 1841 (the + passage is not in the last edition), is the following curious + illustration of the phrase _Ge-ho_. + + "A learned friend, whose communications I have frequently had + occasion to acknowledge in the course of this work, says, + the exclamation '_Geho, Geho_,' which carmen use to their + horses, is probably of great antiquity. It is not peculiar to + this country, as I have heard it used in France. In the story + of the Milkmaid, who kicked down her pail, and with it all her + hopes of getting rich, as related in a very ancient collection + of apologues, entitled _Dialogus Creaturarum_, printed + at Gonda in 1480, is the following passage: 'Et cum sic + gloriaretur, et cogitaret cum quantâ gloriâ duceretur ad illum + virum super equum dicendo _gio gio_, cepit percutere terram + quasi pungeret equum calcaribus.'" + + Brand's learned correspondent was, doubtless, the late Mr. + Douce, from whom the writer of this Note has often heard the + same illustration.] + + +_Lady Norton_ (Vol. ii., p. 480.).--An account of lady Norton may be +seen in _Memoirs of several ladies of Great Britain, who have been +celebrated for their writings or skill in the learned languages arts +and sciences_. By George Ballard. Oxford, 1752. 4º. She is said to +have written two books, viz.: _The applause of virtue. In four parts._ +etc. London, 1705. 4º. pp. 262; and _Memento mori: or meditations on +death_. London 1705. 4º. pp. 108. She was living in advanced years, +about 1720. + +The same biographical repertory contains an account of her daughter, +lady Gethin--of whom some particulars were given by myself in a small +volume of essays printed for private circulation, under the title of +_Curiosities of literature illustrated_, in 1837. On that occasion +I ventured to express my belief that lady Gethin did not compose one +sentence of the _remains_ ascribed to her; but I hope the claims of +lady Norton to _patristic learning_ may more successfully bear the +test of critical examination. + +Bolton Corney. + + * * * * * + + +Miscellaneous. + +NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC. + +Honour to the University of Oxford, Honour to the Rev. Josiah +Forshall, and though last not least, Honour to the learned Keeper +of the Manuscripts in the British Museum, Sir Frederick Madden, for +giving us _The Holy Bible containing the Old and New Testaments with +the Apocryphal Books, in the earliest English versions made from the +Latin Vulgate, by John Wycliffe and his followers_. Never did the +University Press put forth a more valuable or more important work +than these four handsome quartos, (published, too, at the marvellously +small price of five guineas), in which are now printed, for the first +time, in an entire form, those Versions which may be regarded as +the earliest in the English language which embrace any considerable +proportion of the Holy Scriptures. By this publication, Oxford has +done her part towards wiping away the disgrace which has so long +attached to this country--which boasts, and justly and proudly boasts, +of being _the_ country of Bibles--for its long-continued neglect of +these early versions of the vernacular Scriptures. How great was +the influence which they exercised upon the religious opinions and +sentiments of the nation at large in the interval between the years +1382 and 1526, how great an amount of scriptural truth they diffused, +how effectually they supplied the opponents of the Papal system with +the means of exposing its abuses and errors, and how they thereby +laid a deep foundation for the reform of the sixteenth century, may be +clearly seen by a perusal of the Preface to this great work; on which +the learned editors have employed their learning and industry for two +and twenty years, to their own high credit, and to the vindication +of English scholarship. But our limited space will not admit of +our detailing all the claims which this _editio princeps_ of the +_Wycliffite Scriptures_ has upon the attention of our readers, or of +pointing out all the great services which its editors have rendered +to the literary, no less than to the religious world. When we state +briefly that in the work before us we have the _two_ versions, the +_earlier_ and _later_ versions, printed side by side; that these +are accompanied by various readings gathered from the collection of +upwards of one hundred different manuscripts; introduced by a preface +full of new and most interesting particulars of this first attempt to +give to this country the Scriptures in a tongue "understanded of the +people;" and the whole rendered complete by an extensive and most +valuable glossary, we feel persuaded our readers will agree with us in +giving honour to all who have had hand or heart in the production of +these deeply interesting volumes. + +We have received the following Catalogues:--C.J. Stewart's (11. +King William Street, Strand) Catalogue of Doctrinal, Controversial, +Practical, and Devotional Divinity; a well-timed catalogue containing +some extraordinary Collections, as of Roman and Spanish Indexes of +Books prohibited and expurgated, and of Official and Documentary +Works on the Inquisition; B.R. Wheatley's (44. Bedford Street, Strand) +Catalogue of Scarce and Interesting Books for 1851; Joel Rowsell's +(28. Great Queen Street) Catalogue No. XL. of a Select Collection of +Second-hand Books; John Miller's (43. Chandos Street) Catalogue No. +15. for 1850 of Books Old and New. + + * * * * * + + +BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES + +WANTED TO PURCHASE. + +George Herbert, Jacula Prudentum; or, Outlandish Proverbs, etc. 12mo. +London. 1651. + +N.R. Gent, Proverbs, English, French, Dutch, Italian, and Spanish. +12mo. London. 1659. + +*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, +to be sent to Mr. Bell, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet +Street. + + * * * * *{502} + + +Notices to Correspondents. + +Our Christmas Number. _This week our able contemporary_, Household +Words, _treats his readers to a Christmas Number. It is one of the +many good things in which our popular friend has anticipated us. +Thanks, however, to the Peace Congress, we are content to be thus +anticipated without giving utterance to the time-honoured_ "Pereant +qui ante nos nostra dixerunt." _Still, as we earnestly desire to +close the year in peace with all the world, or, which is much the same +thing, with all the readers of_ Notes and Queries, _we propose, on +Saturday next, treating them to a_ Christmas Number, _rich in articles +on_ Folk Lore, Popular Literature, &c., _and to use as ballast for our +barque, which will at such occasion be of unwonted lightness, a number +of Replies which we have by us imploring for admittance into our +columns._ + +The Index to Volume the Second _will be ready early in January._ + +_All Catalogues, Bills, or Prospectuses intended for insertion in our +next Monthly Part, must be sent to the Office, 186. Fleet Street, by +Friday the 27th instant._ + + * * * * * + +Seventeenth Thousand. Fcp., price 7s. + +PROVERBIAL PHILOSOPHY. A Book of Thoughts and Arguments, originally +treated. By Martin Farquhar Tupper, Esq., D.C.L.F.R S., of Christ +Church, Oxford. With a Portrait. + +London: Thomas Hatchard, 187. Piccadilly. + + * * * * * + +The concluding Volume of the Archbishop of Canterbury's Exposition of +the New Testament. + +Just published, 8vo., or 2 vols. 12mo., price 9s. + +A PRACTICAL EXPOSITION OF ST. PAUL'S EPISTLES to the THESSALONIANS, to +TIMOTHY, TITUS, PHILEMON, and to the HEBREWS, in the form of Lectures, +intended to assist the practice of Domestic Instruction and Devotion. +By John Bird Sumner, D.D., Archbishop of Canterbury. + +London: Thomas Hatchard, 187. Piccadilly. + + * * * * * + +Now Ready, cloth, 1s. + +THE GREEK CHURCH. A Sketch by the Author of "Proposals for Christian +Union." + +"Like its predecessors, the volume is amiable and +interesting."--_Notes and Queries._ + +"Anything written by the Author of 'Proposals for Christian Union' is +sure to be distinguished by an excellent spirit. The 'Greek Church,' +a Sketch, is well put together; and, though slight, will be found to +contain as much real information as many a book of greater size and +more pretension."--_The Guardian_. + +This Essay concludes the Series. The four preceding numbers on sale, +Second Edition, 1s. each. + +London: James Darling, Great Queen Street, Lincoln's-Inn-Fields. +Edinburgh: 12. South St. Andrew's Street. + + * * * * * + +Price 1d., by Post 2d., or 5s. per Hundred for Distribution. + +WESTMINSTER AND DR. WISEMAN; or, FACTS _v._ FICTION. By William +Page Wood, Esq., M.P., Q.C. Reprinted from _The Times_ with an +Advertisement on the subject of the Westminster Spiritual Aid Fund, +and more especially on the Duty and Justice of applying the Revenues +of the suspended Stalls of the Abbey for the adequate Endowment of the +District Churches in the immediate neighbourhood. + +Second Edition, with an Appendix. + +London: George Bell, 186. Fleet Street; Messrs. Rivington's, St. +Paul's Church-yard, and Waterloo Place; and Thomas Hatchard, 187. +Piccadilly and _by Order_, of all Booksellers. + + * * * * * + +MR. MURRAY'S + +LIST OF BOOKS JUST READY. + + * * * * * + +I. + +LAVENGRO. By George Borrow, Author of "The Bible in Spain." Portrait. +3 vols. Post 8vo. + +II. + +THE LEXINGTON PAPERS; or the Official and Private Correspondence of +Robert Sutton, while Minister at Vienna, 1694-98. 8vo. 14s. + +III. + +THE MILITARY EVENTS IN ITALY, 1848-9. From the German. By Lord +Ellesmere. Map. Post 8vo. 9s. + +IV. + +A MEMOIR OF BISHOP STANLEY, with his Addresses and Charges. By Rev. +A.P. Stanley, Author of "Life of Dr. Arnold." 8vo. + +V. + +A VOYAGE TO THE MAURITIUS AND BACK. By the Author of "Paddiana." Post +8vo. + +VI. + +THE LAW OF NAVAL COURTS MARTIAL, for the guidance of Naval Officers. +By William Hickman, R.N. 8vo. + +VII. + +ENGLAND AS IT IS: Political, Social, and Industrial. By William +Johnston. 2 vols. Post 8vo. Next Week. + +VIII. + +CHRISTIANITY IN CEYLON. Its Introduction and Progress. By Sir J. +Emerson Tennent. Woodcuts. 8vo. 15s. + +IX. + +THE PALACES OF NINEVEH AND PERSEPOLIS RESTORED. An Essay on Assyrian +and Persian Architecture. By James Fergusson. Woodcuts. 8vo. + +X. + +A MANUAL OF ELEMENTARY GEOLOGY. By Sir Charles Lyell. Third Edition, +revised. Woodcuts. 8vo. + +XI. + +HANDBOOK OF ITALIAN PAINTING. From the German of Kugler. Edited by Sir +Charles Eastlake. Second Edition. 100 Woodcuts. Post 8vo. + +XII. + +SALMONIA or, Days of Fly-Fishing. By Sir H. Davy. Fourth Edition. +Woodcuts. Fcap. 8vo. 6s. + +XIII. + +CONSOLATIONS IN TRAVEL. By Sir H. Davy. Fifth Edition. Woodcuts. Fcap. +8vo. 6s. + +XIV. + +SPECIMENS OF THE TABLE-TALK OF SAMUEL TAYLOR COLERIDGE. Third edition. +Portrait. Fcap. 8vo. 6s. + +XV. + +REJECTED ADDRESSES. By James and Horace Smith. Twenty-second Edition. +Portraits. Fcap. 8vo. 5s. + +XVI. + +MURRAY'S MODERN COOKERY, based on the well-known work of Mrs. +Rundell. Entirely revised, and adapted to the present time. By A Lady. +Woodcuts. Fcap. 8vo. Next Week. + +XVII. + +THE PROGRESS OF THE NATION. By G.R. Porter. Third Edition, corrected +to the present time. 8vo. + +50. Albemarle Street. + + * * * * *{503} + +On the 1st of January 1851 will be commenced the Publication of + +A CHEAP RE-ISSUE + +In Five Monthly Volumes, price only 6s. each, with Portraits, &c., +handsomely bound, of + +PEPYS' DIARY AND CORRESPONDENCE. + +ILLUSTRATIVE OF THE REIGNS OF CHARLES II. AND JAMES II. + +Edited by LORD BRAYBROOKE. + +This Edition will contain all the passages restored from the Original +Manuscript, and all the Additional Notes. Vol. I. will be ready with +the Magazines on the 1st of January, 1851, and the subsequent volumes +will appear in regular monthly succession. Those who desire copies +on the days of publication, are requested to give their orders +immediately to their respective Booksellers. + +"We unhesitatingly characterize this journal as the most remarkable +production of its kind which has ever been given to the world. Pepys +paints the Court, the Monarchs, and the times, in more vivid +colours than any one else. His 'Diary' makes us comprehend the great +historical events of the age, and the people who bore a part in them, +and gives us more clear glimpses into the true English life of the +times than all the other memorials of them that have come down to our +own."--_Edinburgh Review_. + +"The best book of its kind in the English language. 'Pepys' Diary' is +the ablest picture of the age in which the writer lived, and a work of +standard importance in English literature."--_Athenæum._ + + * * * * * + +Also now ready, in 2 vols. 8vo., uniform with "The Curiosities of +Literature." 28s. bound. + +THE LIFE AND REIGN OF CHARLES I. + +BY J. DISRAELI. + +A New and Revised Edition, edited, with a Preface, by B. DISRAELI, +M.P. + +The appearance of this New Edition at the present moment will +doubtless be considered remarkably opportune, for the subjects of +which the work treats not only attract, but absorb the mind of the +nation. + +"By far the most important work upon the important age of Charles I. +that modern times have produced."--_Quarterly Review._ + + * * * * * + +Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13. Great Marlborough Street. + + * * * * * + +Just Published, + +CHRISTMAS PRESENTS AND NEW-YEAR GIFTS. A Series of Sixteen Interesting +Designs, illustrating TEARS, by Miss Jessie Macleod, with Descriptive +Poems. + + There is a fountain in the human heart + Whence every feeling of our nature flows; + Ofttimes the waters fall as years depart, + Yet leave the source where once their brightness rose; + Thus all our joys and sorrows, hopes and fears, + O'erflow the swelling breast, and find relief in tears. + +Elegantly bound, price 1l. 11s. 6d. The Borders embellished with gold, +and extra bound in morocco, 2l. 2s. + + * * * * * + +By Miss Girard, beautifully coloured as the originals, + +FLOWERS OF SHAKSPEARE, + +FLOWERS OF MILTON, + +Price per Volume, 26s. cloth. Bound in morocco, 42s. + +London: Ackermann & Co., 96. Strand. + + * * * * * + +TO FOREIGN BOOKSELLERS.--Four Pounds are offered for a copy of an old +German book, printed at Tübingen by Erhardo Cellio in 1602, containing +an account of the Travels in England of Lord Frederick, Duke of +Württemburg and Teck, Count of Mümpelgart, &c. The original title is +not known. Address to J.O.H., care of Mr. J. Russell Smith, 4. Old +Compton Street, Soho Square, London. + + * * * * * + +44. Bedford Street, Strand. + +May now be had, price 6d., or sent by Post on receipt of Twelve +Postage Stamps, + +B.R. WHEATLEY'S CATALOGUE FOR 1851 OF BOOKS IN LITERARY HISTORY AND +BIBLIOGRAPHY, interspersed with Works on a variety of subjects likely +to interest the Gatherer of Trifles in the pleasant By-ways of History +and Literature. + + * * * * * + +SMITH, ELDER, & Co.'s NEW PUBLICATIONS. + + * * * * * + +NEW CHRISTMAS BOOKS. + + * * * * * + +Mr. Thackeray's New Christmas Book. + +THE KICKLEBURYS ON THE RHINE. A New Picture Book, Drawn and Written by +Mr. M.A. Titmarsh. Price 5s. plain, 7s. 6d. coloured. Now ready. + + * * * * * + +A New Fairy Tale. + +THE KING OF THE GOLDEN RIVER. Or, The Black Brothers. With +Illustrations by Richard Doyle. Now ready. + + * * * * * + +NEW WORKS NOW READY. + +TABLE TALK. By Leigh Hunt. 1 vol. crown 8vo., cloth gilt, price 7s. + + * * * * * + +PIQUE: A Novel. In 3 vols. post 8vo. + + * * * * * + +CONVERSATIONS OF GOETHE WITH ECKERMANN. By John Oxenford. Translated +from the German. In 2 vols. post 8vo., cloth, price 24s. + + * * * * * + +WUTHERING HEIGHTS AND AGNES GREY. With a Selection of the Literary +Remains of ELLIS and ACTON BELL, and a Biographical Notice of both +Authors by Currer Bell. 1 vol. small post 8vo., cloth, price 6s. + +London: Smith, Elder, & Co., 65. Cornhill. + + * * * * *{504} + +NEW BOOKS + +PUBLISHED OR SOLD BY + +HENRY G. BOHN, YORK STREET, COVENT GARDEN. + + * * * * * + +JAMESON'S (MRS.) BEAUTIES OF THE COURT OF CHARLES THE SECOND; + +Illustrating the Diaries of Pepys, Evelyn, Clarendon, &c. Imp. 8vo. +Illustrated by Twenty-one Beautiful Portraits, comprising the whole +of the celebrated suite of Paintings by Sir Peter Lely, preserved at +Hampton Court and the Windsor Gallery, extra cloth, richly gilt back +and sides, gilt edges, 1l. 5s.; or with India proof impressions of the +Plates, 2l. 10s. + + +SILVESTRE'S UNIVERSAL PALEOGRAPHY; + +Or, Fac-similes of the Writings of every Age, taken from the Most +Authentic Missals and Manuscripts. Containing upwards of Three Hundred +large and beautifully executed Fac-similes, richly illuminated in the +Finest Style of Art. 2 vols. atlas folio, half Morocco extra, gilt +edges, 31l. 10s. + + +MADDEN'S (SIR FREDERICK) UNIVERSAL PALEOGRAPHY, + +From the French of BARON SILVESTRE. (Descriptive Letter press to the +preceding Work.) 2 vols. royal 8vo. 1l. 16s. 1850. + + +BARBER'S ISLE OF WIGHT. + +Illustrated by Forty-five Fine Steel Plates, including a Portrait of +Her Majesty, with a Map of the Island, and Dr. Mantell's Geological +Map. 8vo. A New and Improved Edition, completed to the Present Time, +elegant, in cloth gilt, 10s. 6d. 1850. + +*** The present Edition contains Two new and very accurate Views +of Ryde from the Sea, a new View of Osborne, and every possible +Information up to September, 1850. + + +PUGIN'S GLOSSARY OF ECCLESIASTICAL ORNAMENT AND COSTUME; + +Setting forth the Origin, History, and Signification of the various +Emblems, Devices, and Symbolical Colours peculiar to Christian Design +of the Middle Ages. Eighty Plates, splendidly printed in gold and +colours, royal 4to. half morocco extra, 7l. 7s. + + +PUGIN'S NEW WORK ON FLORIATED ORNAMENT. + +Thirty Plates splendidly printed in gold and colours, royal 4to. +Elegantly bound in cloth, with rich gold ornaments, 3l. 3s. + + +BURKE'S ENCYCLOPÆDIA OF HERALDRY; + +Or, General Armoury of England, Scotland, and Ireland, containing a +very Comprehensive and Exact Account of the Arms of English Families, +with an Introduction to Heraldry, a Dictionary of Terms, and a +Supplement. Imperial 8vo. (uniform with his Peerage), 1l. 5s. + + +SKELTON'S POETICAL WORKS, BY DYCE. + +2 vols. 8vo. (published at 1l. 12s.) cloth, 12s. + + +SHAKSPEARE LIBRARY, + +Consisting of Romances, Novels, Poems and Histories used by Shakspeare +as the Foundation of his Dramas, by PAYNE COLLIER. 2 vols. 8vo. +(published at 1l. 1s.) cloth, 10s. 6d. + + +STRUTT'S DRESSES AND HABITS OF THE PEOPLE OF ENGLAND. + +Edited by J.R. Planché, Esq, F.S.A. 2 vols. royal 4to. 153 Plates. 4l. +4s. Or, with the Plates coloured, 7l. 7s.; or, splendidly illuminated +in the Missal Style, 20l. + + +STRUTT'S ROYAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL ANTIQUITIES OF ENGLAND. + +Royal 4to. Seventy-two Plates. 2l. 2s. Edited by J.R. Planché Esq. +Or, with the Plates coloured, 4l. 4s.; or splendidly illuminated, 12l. +12s. + + +BINGHAM'S ANTIQUITIES OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH. + +New Edition. 2 vols. imperial 8vo. 1l. 11s. 6d. + + +BRYAN'S DICTIONARY OF PAINTERS AND ENGRAVERS. + +New Edition. Corrected, enlarged, and continued to the Present Time, +by GEO. STANLEY, Esq. Imperial 8vo. (above 1000 pages). With numerous +Plates of Monograms, 2l. 2s. + + * * * * * + +Printed by Thomas Clark Shaw, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5. +New Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride in the City of London, +and published by George Bell, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish +of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. +186. 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You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes and Queries, 1850.12.21 + A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, + Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc. + +Author: Various + +Editor: George Bell + +Release Date: March 11, 2008 [EBook #24803] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, 1850.12.21 *** + + + + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, William Flis, Jonathan Ingram +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Library of Early +Journals.) + + + + + + +</pre> + + <span class="pagenum"><a name="page489" id="page489"></a>{489}</span> + + <h1>NOTES AND QUERIES:</h1> + + <h2>A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, + GENEALOGISTS, ETC.</h2> + <hr /> + + <h3><b>"When found, make a note of."</b>—<span class="sc">Captain Cuttle</span>.</h3> + <hr class="full" /> + + <table summary="masthead" width="100%"> + <tr> + <td align="left" width="25%"><b>No. 60.</b></td> + <td align="center" width="50%"><b>SATURDAY, DECEMBER 21. 1850.</b></td> + <td align="right" width="25%"><b>Price Threepence.<br />Stamped Edition + 4d.</b></td> + </tr> + </table> + <hr class="full" /> + +<h2>CONTENTS.</h2> + +<table summary="^Contents" align="center" width="100%"> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="sc">Notes</span>:— </td><td align="right">Page </td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">Division of Intellectual Labour </td><td align="right"><a href="#page489">489</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">On a Passage in "Love's Labour's Lost" </td><td align="right"><a href="#page490">490</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">Treatise of Equivocation </td><td align="right"><a href="#page490">490</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">Parallel Passages, by Albert Cohn </td><td align="right"><a href="#page491">491</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">Minor Notes:—True or False Papal Bulls—Burning Bush of Sinai—The Crocodile—Umbrella—Rollin's Ancient History, and History of the Arts and Sciences—MSS. of Locke—The Letter —A Hint to Publishers </td><td align="right"><a href="#page491">491</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="sc">Queries</span>:—</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">Bibliographical Queries </td><td align="right"><a href="#page492">492</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">Minor Queries:—Meaning of "Rab. Surdam"—Abbot Richard of Strata Florida—Cardinal Chalmers—Armorial Bearings—"Fiat Justitia"—Painting by C. Bega—Darcy Lever Church—R. Ferrer—Writers on the Inquisition—Buckden—True Blue—Passage in "Hamlet"—Inventor of a secret Cypher—Fossil Elk of Ireland—Red Sindon—Lights on the Altar—Child's Book by Beloe </td><td align="right"><a href="#page493">493</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="sc">Replies</span>:—</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">Mercenary Preacher, by Henry Campkin </td><td align="right"><a href="#page495">495</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">"The Owl is abroad," by Dr. E.F. Rimbault </td><td align="right"><a href="#page495">495</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">Old St. Pancras Church, by J. Yeowell </td><td align="right"><a href="#page496">496</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">Replies to Minor Queries:—Cardinal Allen's Admonition—Bolton's Ace—Portrait of Cardinal Beaton—"He that runs may read"—Sir George Downing—Burning to Death, or Burning of the Hill—The Roscommon Peerage—The Word "after" in the Rubric—Disputed Passage in the "Tempest"—Lady Compton's Letter—Midwives licensed—Echo Song—The Irish Brigade—To save one's bacon—"The Times" Newspaper and the Coptic Language—Luther's Hymns—Osnaburg Bishopric—Scandal against Queen Elizabeth—Pretended reprint of Ancient Poetry—Martin Family—Meaning of "Ge-ho"—Lady Norton </td><td align="right"><a href="#page497">497</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left"><span class="sc">Miscellaneous</span>:—</td><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &c. </td><td align="right"><a href="#page501">501</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">Books and Odd Volumes Wanted </td><td align="right"><a href="#page501">501</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">Notices to Correspondents </td><td align="right"><a href="#page502">502</a></td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">Advertisements </td><td align="right"><a href="#page502">502</a></td></tr> +</table> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>Notes.</h2> + +<h3>DIVISION OF INTELLECTUAL LABOUR.</h3> + +<p>Every one confesses, I believe, the correctness +of the <i>principle</i> called "Division of labour." But +if any one would form an adequate estimate of the +ratio of the effect produced, in this way, to the +labour which is expended, let him consult Dr. +Adam Smith. I think he states, as an example, +that a single labourer cannot make more than ten +pins in a day; but if eight labourers are employed, +and each of them performs one of the eight separate +processes requisite to the formation of a pin, there +will not merely be eight times the number of pins +formed in a day, but nearly eighty times the number. +(Not having the book by me, I cannot be +certain of the exact statistics.)</p> + +<p>If this principle is proved, then, to be of such +extraordinary utility, why should it not be made +serviceable in other matters besides the "beaver-like" +propensity of amassing wealth and satisfying +our material desires? Why should not your +periodical be instrumental in transferring this invaluable +principle to the labours of the intellectual +world? If your correspondents were to send you +abstracts or <i>précis</i> of the books which they read, +would there not accrue a fourfold benefit? viz.:</p> + +<p>1. A division of intellectual labour; so that the +amount of knowledge available to each person is +multiplied in an increasing ratio.</p> + +<p>2. Knowledge is thus presented in so condensed +a form as to be more easily comprehended at a +glance; so that your readers can with greater +facility construct or understand the theories deducible +from the whole circle of human knowledge.</p> + +<p>3. Authors and inquiring men could tell, before +expending days on the perusal of large volumes, +whether the <i>particulars</i> which these books contain +would be suitable to the object they have in view.</p> + +<p>4. The unfair criticisms which are made, and the +erroneous notions diffused by interested reviewers, +would in a great measure be corrected, in the +minds, at least, of your readers.</p> + +<p>You might object that such <i>précis</i> would be as +partial as the reviews of which the whole literary +world complain. But, in the first place, these abstracts +would be written by literary men who are +not dependent on booksellers for their livelihood, +and would not therefore be likely to write up +trashy books or detract from the merit of valuable +works, for the sake of the book trade. And besides, +your correspondents give their articles under +their signature, so that one could be openly corrected +by another who had read the same work. +Again, it is only the <i>leading idea</i> of the book which +you would require, and no attendant praise or +blame, neither eulogistic exordium nor useless +appeals to the reader. The author, moreover, +might send you the skeleton of his own book, and +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page490" id="page490"></a>{490}</span> +you would of course give this the prior place in +your journal.</p> + +<p>Another objection is, that the length of such +<i>précis</i> would not permit them to come within the +limits of your work. But they <i>should not</i> be long. +And even if one of them should take up four or five +pages, you could divide it between two or three +successive numbers of your periodical. And, besides, +your work, by embracing this object, would +be greatly increased in utility; the number of your +subscribers would be multiplied, and the increased +expense of publication would thus be defrayed.</p> + +<p>But, if the advantages resulting from such a +division of intellectual labour would be as great +as I fondly hope, I feel sure that the energy and +enterprise which caused you to give a tangible +reality to your scheme for "<span class="sc">Notes and Queries</span>" +would also enable you to overcome all difficulties, +and answer all trifling objections.</p> + +<p class="author">R.M.</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>ON A PASSAGE IN LOVE'S LABOUR'S LOST.</h3> + +<p>In <i>Love's Labour's Lost</i>, Act II. Sc. 1., Boyet, +speaking of the King of Navarre and addressing +the Princess of France, says:</p> + +<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> +<p>"All his behaviours did make their retire</p> +<p>To the court of his eye, peeping thorough desire:</p> +<p>His heart, like an agate, with your print impressed,</p> +<p>Proud with his form, in his eye pride expressed:</p> +<p>His tongue, <i>all impatient to speak and not see</i>,</p> +<p>Did stumble with haste in his eyesight to be;</p> +<p>All senses to that sense did make their repair,</p> +<p>To feel only looking on fairest of fair."</p> +</div></div> + +<p>This speech is a remarkable specimen of the +affected style of compliment prevalent in the time +of Elizabeth. The third couplet, at first sight, +appears to have a signification exactly opposed to +that which the context requires. We should expect, +instead of "the tongue all impatient <i>to speak</i>," +to find "the tongue all impatient <i>to see</i>."</p> + +<p>No one of the editors of Shakspeare appears to +me to have given a satisfactory explanation of this +passage. I therefore venture to offer the following.</p> + +<p>In the Latin poets (who in this followed the +Greeks) we find adjectives and participles followed +by the genitive case and the gerund in <i>di</i>. Thus +in Horace we have "patiens pulveris atque solis," +"patiens liminis aut aquæ cœlestis," and in Silius +Italicus (vi. 612.), "vetus bellandi." For other +instances, see Mr. Baines' <i>Art of Latin Poetry</i>, +pp. 56-60.</p> + +<p>The Latin poets having taken this license, then +proceeded a step further, and substituted the infinitive +mood for the gerund in <i>di</i>. I cannot find +any instance either of "patiens" or "impatiens" +used in this connection; but numerous instances of +other adjectives and participles followed by the +infinitive mood may be found in pp. 68. to 73. of +the <i>Art of Latin Poetry</i>. I cite two only, both +from Horace: "indocilis pauperiem pati," "quidlibet +impotens sperare."</p> + +<p>Following these analogies, I suggest that the +words "impatient to speak and not see" mean +"impatient of speaking (impatiens loquendi) and +not seeing," <i>i.e.</i>, "dissatisfied with its function of +speaking, preferring that of seeing."</p> + +<p>This construction, at least, renders the passage intelligible.</p> + +<p class="author">X.Z.</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>TREATISE OF EQUIVOCATION.</h3> + +<h4>(Vol. ii., pp. 168. 446.)</h4> + +<p>I feel greatly indebted to J.B. for a complete +solution of the question respecting this ambiguous +book. Bewildered by the frequent reference to +it by nearly cotemporaneous writers, I had apprehended +it certain, that it had been a <i>printed</i>, if not +a published work; and that even a second edition +had altered the title of the first. It is now certain, +that its existence was, and is, only <i>in manuscript</i>; +and that the alteration was intended only +for its first impression, if printed at all. It is a +fact not generally known, that many papal productions +of the time were multiplied and circulated +by copies in MS.: Leycester's <i>Commonwealth</i>, +of which I have a very neat transcript, and of +which many more are extant in different libraries, +is one proof of the fact.<a id="footnotetag1" name="footnotetag1"></a><a href="#footnote1"><sup>1</sup></a> I observe that in Bernard's +very valuable <i>Bibliotheca MSS., &c.</i>, I had +marked under <i>Laud Misc. MSS.</i>, p. 62. No. 968. +45. <i>A Treatise against Equivocation or Fraudulent +Dissimulation</i>, what I supposed might be the +work in request: but being prepossessed with the +notion that the work was in print, I did not pursue +any inquiry in that direction. I almost now +suspect that this is the very work which J.B. has +brought to light. I had hoped during the present +year to visit the Bodleian, and satisfy myself with +an inspection of the important document. I am +additionally gratified with the information relative +to the same subject by <span class="sc">Mr. Sansom</span>, p. 446. J.B. +observes, that the MS. occupies sixty-six pages +only. Will no one have the charity for historic +literature to make it a public benefit? If with +notes, so much the better. It is of far more interest, +as history is concerned, and that of our own +country, than many of the tracts in the Harleian +or Somers' Collections. Parsons's notice of it in +his <i>Mitigation</i>, and towards the end, as if he +was just then made acquainted with it, is very +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page491" id="page491"></a>{491}</span> +characteristic and instructive. He knew of it +well enough, but thought others might not.</p> + +<p>Again I say, why not print the work?</p> + +<p class="author">J.M.</p> + +<p class="note"> +[We have reason to believe that this important historical +document is about to be printed.] +</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>PARALLEL PASSAGES.</h3> + +<p>In Shakspeare's <i>Henry IV.</i>, Act V. Sc. 4., the +Prince exclaims, beholding Percy's corpse,—</p> + +<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> +<p>"When that this body did contain a spirit,</p> +<p>A kingdom for it was too small a bound;</p> +<p>But now two paces of the vilest earth</p> +<p>Is room enough!"</p> +</div></div> + +<p>In Ovid we find the following parallel:—</p> + +<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> +<p>"... jacet ecce Tibullus,</p> +<p>Vix manet e toto parva quod urna capit."</p> +</div></div> + +<p>A second one appears in the pretended lines on +the sepulchre of Scipio Africanus:—</p> + +<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> +<p>"Cui non Europa, non obstitit Africa unquam,</p> +<p>Respiceres hominem, quem brevis urna premit."</p> +</div></div> + +<p>The same reflection we find in Ossian:—</p> + +<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> +<p>"With three steps I measure thy grave,</p> +<p>O thou, so great heretofore!"</p> +</div></div> + +<p>It is very difficult indeed to determine in which +of these passages the leading thought is expressed +best, in which is to be found the most energy, the +deepest feeling, the most touching shortness. I +think one should prefer the passage of Shakspeare, +because the direct mention of the corporal existence +gives a magnificent liveliness to the picture, +and because the very contrast of the space appears +most lively by it; whereas, at the first reading of +the other passages, it is not the human being, consisting +of body and soul, which comes in our mind, +but only the human spirit, of which we know +already that it cannot be buried in the grave.</p> + +<p>One of the most eminent modern authors seems +to have imitated the passage of Shakspeare's +<i>Henry IV</i>. Schiller, in his <i>Jungfrau von Orleans</i>, +says:—</p> + +<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> +<p>"Und von dem mächt'gen Talbot, der die Welt</p> +<p>Mit seinem Kriegeruhm füllte, bleibet nichts</p> +<p>Als eine Hand voll leichten Staubs."</p> +</div><div class="stanza"> +<p>(And of the mighty Talbot, whose warlike</p> +<p>Glory fill'd the world, nothing remains</p> +<p>But a handful of light dust.)</p> +</div></div> + +<p class="author"><span class="sc">Albert Cohn.</span></p> + +<p>Berlin.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + +<h2>Minor Notes.</h2> + +<p><i>True or False Papal Bulls</i>.—</p> + +<blockquote><p> +"Utrum bulla papalis sit vera an non.</p> + +<p>"Si vis scire utrum literæ domini Papæ sint veraces +vel non, numera punctos quæ sunt in bulla. Et si +inveneris circulum ubi sunt capita apostolorum habentem +73 punctos, alium vero circulum 46, alium +super caput Beati Petri habentem 26, alium super +caput Sancti Pauli habentem 25 punctos, et punctos +quæ sunt in barbâ 26, veraces sunt; alioquin falsæ.—Sir +Matthew Hale's <i>Manuscripts</i>, Library of Lincoln's +Inn, vol. lxxiii. p. 176. +</p></blockquote> + +<p>To which may be added, that in digging for the +foundations of the new (or present) London +Bridge, an instrument was dug up for counterfeiting +the seals or Bullæ? Where is it now deposited?</p> + +<p class="author">J.E.</p> + + +<p><i>Burning Bush of Sinai.</i>—</p> + +<blockquote><p> +"Pococke asserts that the monks have planted in +their garden a bush similar to those which grow in +Europe, and that by the most ridiculous imposture, +they hesitate not to affirm that it is the same which +Moses saw—the miraculous bush. The assertion is +false, and the alleged fact a mere invention."—Geramb's +<i>Pilgrimage to Palestine, &c.</i>, English trans. +</p></blockquote> + +<p>March 1. 1847. The bush was exhibited by +two of the monks at the back of the eastern apse +of the church, but having its root within the walls +of the chapel of the burning bush. It was the +common English bramble, not more than two +years old, and in a very sickly state, as the monks +allowed the leaves to be plucked by the English +party then in the convent. The plant grows on +the mountain, and therefore could be easily replaced.</p> + +<p class="author"><span class="sc">Viator.</span></p> + + +<p><i>The Crocodile</i> (Vol. ii., p. 277.).—February, +1847, a small crocodile was seen in the channel, +between the island of Rhoda and the right bank +of the Nile.</p> + +<p class="author"><span class="sc">Viator.</span></p> + + +<p><i>Umbrella.</i>—It was introduced at Bristol about +1780. A lady, now eighty-three years of age, remembers +its first appearance, which occasioned a +great sensation. Its colour was red, and it probably +came from Leghorn, with which place Bristol +at that time maintained a great trade. Leghorn +has been called Bristol on a visit to Italy.</p> + +<p class="author"><span class="sc">Viator.</span></p> + + +<p><i>Rollin's Ancient History, and History of the Arts +and Sciences.</i>—Your correspondent <span class="sc">Iota</span> inquires +(Vol. ii., p. 357.), "How comes it that the editions" +(of Rollin) "since 1740 have been so castrated?" +<i>i.e.</i> divested of an integral portion of the work, the +<i>History of the Arts and Sciences</i>. It is not easy to +state <i>how</i> this has come to pass. During the last +century comparatively little interest was felt in the +subjects embraced in the <i>History of the Arts and +Sciences</i>; and <i>probably</i> the publishers might on +that account omit this portion, with the view of +making the book cheaper and more saleable. It is +more difficult to assign any reason why Rollin's +Prefaces to the various sections of his <i>History</i> +should have been mutilated and manufactured into +a <i>general</i> Introduction or Preface, to make up +which the whole of chap. iii. book x. was also +taken out of its proper place and order. A more +remarkable instance of merciless distortion of an +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page492" id="page492"></a>{492}</span> +author's labours is not to be found in the records +of literature. <span class="sc">Iota</span> may take it as a fact—and that +a remarkable one—that since 1740 there had +appeared no edition of Rollin having any claim to +integrity, until the one edited by Bell, and published +by Blackie, in 1826, and reissued in 1837.</p> + +<p class="author"><span class="sc">Veritas</span>.</p> + +<p>Glasgow, Dec. 7. 1850.</p> + + +<p><i>MSS. of Locke.</i>—E.A. Sandford, Esq., of +Nynehead, near Taunton, has a number of valuable +letters, and other papers, of Locke, and also an +original MS. of his <i>Treatise on Education</i>. Locke +was much at Chipley in that neighbourhood, for +the possessor of which this treatise was, I believe +composed.</p> + +<p class="author"><span class="sc">W.C. Trevelyan.</span></p> + + +<p><i>The Letter </i>.—Dr. Todd, in his <i>Apology for the +Lollards</i>, published by the Camden Society, alludes +to the pronunciation of the old letter  in various +words, and remarks that "it has been altogether +dropped in the modern spelling of erþ, 'earth,' +frut, 'fruit,' erle, 'earl,' abid, 'abide.'" The +Doctor is, however, mistaken; for I have heard +the words "earl" and "earth" repeatedly pronounced, +in Warwickshire, <i>yarl</i> and <i>yarth</i>.</p> + +<p class="author">J.R.</p> + + +<p><i>A Hint to Publishers</i> (Vol. ii., p. 439.) reminds +me of a particular grievance in Alison's +<i>History of Europe</i>. I have the first edition, but +delay binding it, there being no index. Two other +editions have since been published, possessing each +an index. Surely the patrons and possessors of +the first have a claim upon the Messrs. Blackwood, +independent of the probability of its repaying +them as a business transaction.</p> + +<p class="author">T.S.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + +<h2>Queries.</h2> + +<h3>BIBLIOGRAPHICAL QUERIES.</h3> + +<h4>(Continued from p. 441.)</h4> + +<p>(25.) Has there been but a single effort made +to immortalise among printers <span class="sc">Valentine Tag</span>? +Mercier, Abbé de Saint-Léger, in his <i>Supplément +à l'Hist. de l'Imprimerie</i>, by Marchand, p. 111., +accuses Baron Heinecken of having stated that this +fictitious typographer set forth the <i>Fables Allemandes</i> +in 1461. Heinecken, however, had merely +quoted six German lines, the penultimate of +which is</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width:100%;"><a href="images/image1.png"><img width="202px" src="images/image1.png" alt="An Sant Valantinus Tag," /></a></div> + +<p>intimating only that the work had been concluded +on St. Valentine's day.</p> + +<p>(26.) Can there be any more fruitful source of +error with respect to the age of early printed books +than the convenient system of esteeming as the +primary edition that in which the date is for the +first time visible? It might be thought that experienced +bibliographers would invariably avoid +such a palpable mistake; but the reverse of this +hypothesis is unfortunately true. Let us select +for an example the case of the <i>Vita Jesu Christi</i>, +by the Carthusian Ludolphus de Saxonia, a work +not unlikely to have been promulgated in the infancy +of the typographic art. Panzer, Santander, +and Dr. Kloss (189.) commence with an impression +at Strasburg, which was followed by one at Cologne, +in 1474. Of these the former is mentioned by +Denis, and by Bauer also (ii. 315.). Laire notes +it likewise (<i>Ind. Par.</i>, i. 543.: cf. 278.), but errs in +making Eggestein the printer, as no account of +him is discernible after 1472. (Meerman, i. 215.) +Glancing at the misconceptions of Maittaire and +Wharton, who go no farther back than the years +1478 and 1483 respectively, let us return to the suppressed +<i>editio princeps</i> of 1474. De Bure (<i>Théol.</i>, +pp. 121-2.) records a copy, and gives the colophon. +He says, "Cette édition, qui est l'originale de cet +ouvrage, est fort rare;" and his opinion has been +adopted by Seemiller (i. 61.), who adds, "Litteris +impressum est hoc opus sculptis." In opposition +to all these eminent authorities, I will venture to +express my belief that the earliest edition is one +which is <i>undated</i>. A volume in the Lambeth collection, +without a date, and entered in Dr. Maitland's +<i>List</i>, p. 42., is thus described therein: +"Folio, eights, Gothic type, col. 57 lines;" and +possibly the printer's device (<i>List</i>, p. 348.) might +be appropriated by I. Mentelin, of Strasburg. To +this book, nevertheless, we must allot a place inferior +to what I would bestow upon another folio, +in which the type is particularly Gothic and uneven, +and in which each of the double columns +contains but forty-seven lines, and the antique +initial letters sometimes used are plainly of the +same xylographic race as that one with which the +oldest <i>Viola Sanctorum</i> is introduced. It may be +delineated, in technical terms, as being <i>sine loco, +anno, et nomine typographi. Car. sigg., paginarum +num. et custodd. Vocum character majusculus est, +ater, crassus, et rudis.</i> Why should not Mentz +have been the birthplace of this book? for there +it appears that the author's MS. was "veneratione +non parva" preserved, and there he most probably +died. I would say that it was printed between +1465 and 1470. It is bound up with a <i>Fasciculus +Temporum</i>, Colon. 1479, which looks quite modern +when compared with it, and its beginning is: +"De Vita hiesu a venerabili viro fratro (<i>sic</i>) Ludolpho +Cartusiensi edita incipit feliciter." The +leaves are in number forty-eight. At the end of +the book itself is, "Explicit vita ihesu." Then +succeeds a leaf, on the recto of which is a table of +contents for the entire work and after its termination +we find: "Explicit vita cristi de quatuor +ewãgelistis et expositõne doctorum sanctorum +sumpta."</p> + +<p>(27.) Upon what grounds should <span class="sc">Mr. Bliss</span> +(Vol. ii., p. 463.) refuse to be contented with the +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page493" id="page493"></a>{493}</span> +very accurate reprint of Cardinal Allen's <i>Admonition +to the Nobility and People of England and +Ireland</i>, with a Preface by Eupator (the Rev. +Joseph Mendham), London, Duncan, 1842?</p> + +<p>(28.) In an article on Ticknor's <i>History of +Spanish Literature</i>, in the <i>Quarterly Review</i> for +last September, p. 316, we read:</p> + +<blockquote><p> +"The second <i>Index Expurgatorius</i> ever printed was +the Spanish one of Charles V. in 1546." +</p></blockquote> + +<p>Was the critic dreaming when he wrote these +words? for, otherwise, how could he have managed +to compress so much confusion into so small +a space? To say nothing of "the <i>second</i>" Expurgatory +Index, the <i>first</i> was not printed until +1571; and this was a <i>Belgic</i>, not a "<i>Spanish</i> one." +It is stamped by its title-page as having been "in +Belgia concinnatus," and it was the product of the +press of Plantin, at Antwerp. With regard to the +<i>Indices Expurgatorii</i> of Spain, the earliest of them +was prepared by the command of Cardinal Quiroga, +and issued by Gomez, typographer-royal at Madrid, +in 1584. The copy in my hand, which belonged +to Michiels, is impressed with his book-mark +"première édition." Will the writer in the <i>Quarterly +Review</i> henceforth remember that an <i>Expurgatory</i> +Index is essentially different from one of +the <i>Prohibitory</i> class? But even though he should +faithfully promise to bear this fact in mind, his +misreport as to the year "1546" must not remain +uncensured; for this was not the date of the +"second" appearance of an imperial <i>mandement</i>. +There was an ordinance published for the restraint +of the press, not only in 1544, but also in 1540, +and even in 1510. For the last, see Panzer, +vii. 258.</p> + +<p>(29.) What is the nearest approach to certainty +among the attempts successfully to individuate the +ancient relater of <i>Mirabilia Romæ</i>? That he +lived in the thirteenth century seems to be admitted; +and the work, as put forth in Montfaucon's +<i>Diarium Italicum</i> (pp. 283-298.), will be found to +differ considerably from the edition, in 12mo. with +the arms of Pope Leo X. on the title-page.</p> + +<p>(30.) "<i>Antiquitas Sæculi Juventus Mundi.</i>"—The +discussion in your pages (Vol. ii., pp. 218. 350. +395. 466.) of the origin of this phrase has so distinctly +assumed a bibliographical aspect, that I +feel justified on the present occasion in inquiring +from your various correspondents whether, while +they have been citing Bacon and Bruno, Whewell +and Hallam, they have lost sight of the beautiful +language of the author of the Second Book of +Esdras (chap. xiv. 10.)?</p> + +<blockquote><p> +"The world hath lost his youth, and the times begin +to wax old." +</p></blockquote> + +<blockquote><p> +"Sæculum perdidit juventutem suam, et tempora +appropinquant senescere."—<i>Biblia</i>, ed. Paris, 1523. +</p></blockquote> + +<p class="author">R.G.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + +<h2>Minor Queries.</h2> + +<p><i>Rab. Surdam, Meaning of.</i>—The eccentric but +clever and learned William Nicol, one of the +masters of the High School of Edinburgh, and +noted as the friend of Burns, was the son of a poor +man, a tailor, in the village of Ecclefechan, in +Dumfriesshire. He erected, over the grave of his +parents, in Hoddam churchyard, a <i>throuch stone</i>, +or altar-formed tomb, bearing the words</p> + +<center>"RAB. SURDAM."</center> + +<p>Query the meaning of these mystical characters?</p> + +<p class="author"><span class="sc">Edinensis.</span></p> + + +<p><i>Abbot Richard of Strata Florida.</i>—Can you or +any of your antiquarian readers solve me the following. +It is stated in vol. i. p. 100. of Lewis +Dwnn's <i>Heraldic Visitation into Wales, &c.</i>, art. +"Williames of Ystradffin in the county of Caermarthen":—</p> + +<blockquote><p> +"William ab Thomas Goch, Esq., married Joan, +daughter and sole heiress to Richard the Abbot of +Strata Florida, county of Cardigan (temp. Henry VII.), +son of David ab Howel of Gwydyr, North Wales." +</p></blockquote> + +<p>From this I naturally expected to find some +connecting link between the Abbot and the ancient +family of Wynn of Gwydyr, derived from +Rhodri Lord of Anglesey. In their lineage, however, +the name of David ab Howel does not occur; +but about the aforesaid period one of their progenitors +named Meredith ab Sevan, it is stated, +purchased Gwydyr from a David ab Howel Coytmore, +derived through the Lord of Penymachno +from Prince David, Lord of Denbigh, the ill-fated +brother of Llewelyn, last sovereign prince of +North Wales. Is it not therefore likely that the +said Abbot Richard was son to the above David +ab Howel (Coytmore), the ancient proprietor of +Gwydyr; that his surname was Coytmore; and the +arms he bore were those of his ancestor David +Goch, Lord of Penymachno, viz., Sa. a lion ramp., +ar. within a bordure engr. or.</p> + +<p class="author">W.G.S.J.</p> + + +<p><i>Cardinal Chalmers.</i>—Can any of your readers +give me some information about a Cardinal Chalmers,—whether +there ever was a cardinal of the +name, and where I could find some account of +him? I have the boards of an old book on which +are stamped in gilding the Chalmers arms, with a +cardinal's hat and tassels over them. If I remember +correctly, the arms are those of the family of +Chalmers, of Balnacraig, in Aberdeenshire.</p> + +<p>I have some reason to believe that the boards +were purchased at the sale of the author of +<i>Caledonia</i>.</p> + +<p class="author">S.P.</p> + + +<p><i>Armorial Bearings</i> (Vol. ii., p. 424.).—My note +of the coat-armour in question stands thus: "Three +bars between ten bells, four, three, two, and one." +And I have before now searched in vain for its +appropriation. I am consequently obliged to +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page494" id="page494"></a>{494}</span> +content myself with the supposition that it is a +corruption, as it may easily be, of the coat of +Keynes, viz. "vair, three bars gules," the name +of the wife of John Speke, the great-great-grandfather +of Sir John Speke, the founder of the chapel; +and this is the more probable as the arms of Somaster, +the name of his grandfather's wife, appear +also in the roof of the same chapel.</p> + +<p class="author">J.D.S.</p> + +<p class="note"> +[J.D.S. is right in his blazon; and we had been +requested by J.W.H. to amend his Query respecting +this coat.—ED.] +</p> + + +<p>"<i>Fiat Justitia</i>"—Who is the author of the +apothegm—</p> + +<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> +<p>"Fiat justitia, ruat cœlum?"</p> +</div></div> + +<p class="author">J.E.B. MAYOR.</p> + + +<p><i>Painting by C. Bega</i>.—</p> + +<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> +<p>"Wÿ singen vast wat nieus, en hebben noch een buÿt,</p> +<p>Een kraekling, is ons winst, maet tliedtkenmoet eerst wt."</p> +</div></div> + +<p>I have a small oil painting on oak panel which +bears the above inscription. The subject of the +painting is a boy, who holds in his hands a song, +which he appears to be committing to memory, +whilst another boy is looking at the song over his +shoulder. "C. Bega" is written on the back of +the picture-frame, that evidently being the artist's +name. I shall feel obliged by your translating the +above two lines for me, and also for information as +to "C. Bega."</p> + +<p class="author"><span class="sc">W.E. Howlett.</span></p> + +<p>Kirton.</p> + + +<p><i>Darcy Lever Church.</i>—On the line of railway +from Normanton to Bolton there is a small station +called Darcy Lever.</p> + +<p>The church there struck me, on a casual view, +as one of the most beautiful examples of ecclesiastical +architecture which I have ever seen, and +I should therefore like very much to know the +date of the structure, and, if possible, the architect.</p> + +<p>The singularity which attracts attention is the +delicate tracery of the spire, which I should wish +to see largely imitated.</p> + +<p class="author">E.</p> + + +<p><i>R. Ferrer.</i>—I have a drawing, <i>supposed</i> to be of +Sir W. Raleigh by himself when in the Tower: +it came from Daniel's <i>History of Henry VII.</i>, and +below it was written,</p> + +<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> +<p>"R. Ferrer,</p> +<p class="i2">Nec Prece nec Pretio."</p> +</div></div> + +<p>Could the "<span class="sc">Notes and Queries</span>" ask if anything +is known of this R.F.?</p> + +<p class="author">H.W.D.</p> + + +<p><i>Writers on the Inquisition.</i>—In the English +edition of Voltaire's <i>Philosophical Dictionary</i>, +article "Inquisition," I find, among other authors +on that subject who are quoted, Hiescas Salazar, +Mendoça (sic: Query, Salasar y Mendoça?), Fernandez, +Placentinus, Marsilius, Grillandus, and +Locatus. Can any of your bibliographical friends +give me any information as to these authors or +their works? Let me at the same time ask information +respecting Bordoni, the author of <i>Sacrum +Tribunal Indicum in causis sanctæ fidei contra +Hereticos, &c.</i>, Rome, 1648.</p> + +<p class="author"><span class="sc">Iota.</span></p> + + +<p><i>Buckden</i> (Vol. ii., p. 446.).—Will M.C.R. explain +his allusion to "the abbot's house" at +Buckden. I am not aware of Buckden having +been the seat of a monastic establishment. Perhaps +what he calls "the abbot's house" is part of the +palace of the bishops of Lincoln.</p> + +<p class="author"><span class="sc">C.H. Cooper.</span></p> + +<p>Cambridge, December 2. 1850.</p> + + +<p><i>True Blue.</i>—Query the origin of the term +"True Blue." After the lapse of a few years it +seems to have been applied indifferently to Presbyterians +and Cavaliers. An amusing series of +passages might be perhaps gathered exemplifying +its use even to the present time. The colour and +"cry" True Blue are now almost monopolised by +the Tory party, although there are exceptions—Westmoreland +and Yorkshire, for instance.</p> + +<p class="author"><span class="sc">Viator.</span></p> + + +<p><i>Passage in Hamlet.</i>—In Mr. C. Knight's +"Library," "Pictorial," and "Cabinet" editions of +Shakspeare, the following <i>novel</i> reading is given +without note or comment to say why the universally +received text has been altered. It occurs in +<i>Hamlet</i>, Act I. Sc. 7.</p> + +<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> +<p><i>Ham.</i> "Staid it long?</p> +<p><i>Hor.</i> "While one with <i>modern</i> haste might tell a hundred."</p> +</div></div> + +<p>As Mr. Knight is now publishing a "National" +edition of Shakspeare, perhaps you will allow me +through your pages to ask for his authority for +this change of "moderate" to "modern," in order +that his new reading may either be justified or +abandoned.</p> + +<p class="author">J.J.M.</p> + + +<p><i>Inventor of a secret Cypher.</i>—I think that there +was in the fifteenth century a Frenchman so profound +a calculator that he discovered for the King +of France a secret cypher, used by the court of +Spain. I saw a notice of him in Collier's great +<i>Dictionary</i>, but have forgotten him, and should +like to renew my acquaintance.</p> + +<p class="author"><span class="sc">Tyro-Etymologicus.</span></p> + + +<p><i>Fossil Elk of Ireland.</i>—Can any of your learned +readers give me information on the fossil elk of +Ireland—<i>Cervus Megaceros</i>, <i>Cervus Giganteus</i> of +Goldsmith? It is stated to be found in various +countries, as France, Germany, and Italy, besides +England and Ireland. In the Royal Dublin Society +museum there is, I am told, a rib of this animal +which has the appearance of having been wounded +by some sharp instrument, which remained long +fixed in the bone, but not so deeply as to affect +the creature's life. It seemed to be such a wound +as the head of an arrow would produce.</p> + +<p>It has been by some thought to be the "Sech" +of Celtic tradition. I have learned that the last +specimen was shot so lately as 1533, and that a +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page495" id="page495"></a>{495}</span> +figure of the animal, mistaken for the common elk, +is, engraved in the November Chronicle. Now I +should feel exceedingly obliged if any information +could be rendered me on the matters stated above, +as I am most anxious to collect all possible information +regarding this most noble species of the +Dama tribe.</p> + +<p class="author">W.R.C. (a Subscriber).</p> + +<p>Exeter, Nov. 1850.</p> + + +<p><i>Red Sindon</i> (Vol. ii., p. 393.).—Will <span class="sc">Mr. +Planché</span> be so good as to say what the <i>red sindon</i> +of the chamber of Philippa was?</p> + +<p class="author">B.W.</p> + + +<p><i>Lights on the Altar.</i>—1. What evidence is there +that in the British or Saxon churches lights were +burned on the altar at the time of the eucharist?</p> + +<p>2. Are there any Canons of these churches, +sanctioning the practice?</p> + +<p>3. What evidence is there of any other service +or solemnity, where lights were burned in the +day-time in these churches.</p> + +<p class="author">D. <span class="sc">Sholbus</span>.</p> + + +<p><i>Beloe, Child's Book by.</i>—In the <i>Sexagenarian</i>, +by Beloe, is the following passage:</p> + +<blockquote><p> +"In four mornings he (Rev. W. Beloe) wrote a +book which he intended as an amusement for his children. +Some friends recommended him to print it, +and though many years have elapsed since it was +written, it still continues so great a favourite with +younger readers, that an edition is every year published." +</p></blockquote> + +<p>Can any of your readers inform me the name +of the book here alluded to; and who was the publisher?</p> + +<p class="author">F.B. <span class="sc">Relton</span></p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + +<h2>Replies.</h2> + +<h3>MERCENARY PREACHER.</h3> + +<p>In reply to a Query as to the meaning of this +epithet in an obituary notice, quoted, in Vol. i, +p. 384., your correspondent <span class="sc">Arun</span> suggests, in +the same volume, p. 489., that it was most likely +"used in its primary signification, and in the sense +in which we still apply it to troops in the pay of +a state, foreign to their own." I cannot help +thinking, that by the designation <i>mercenary</i> was +implied something more disreputable than that +merely of "one who, having no settled cure, was +at liberty to be 'hired;'" and in this I am borne +out by Chaucer, no mean authority, who, in his +well-known picture of the parson, in the Prologue +to the <i>Canterbury Tales</i>, amongst the various +items of piety and virtuousness with which, in +that inimitable piece of character-painting, he +credits the "pore persoun of a toun," distinctly +states (I quote Mr. Wright's Percy Society edition),—</p> + +<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> +<p>"He was a Schepperde and no <i>mercenarie</i>."</p> +</div></div> + +<p>Now this emphatic disclaimer shows clearly enough +that when Chaucer wrote, to be a <i>mercenary +preacher</i> was not, in <i>reputation</i> at least, a desirable +position; and whether some two centuries and a +half later, the appellation became less objectionable, +is a question not unworthy of elucidation. No +lengthened transcript is needed from so popular a +description; its whole spirit is directed not only +against hirelings, but also against non-residents:—</p> + +<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> +<p>"He sette not his benefice to huyre,</p> +<p>And lefte his scheep encombred in the myre;</p> +</div><div class="stanza"> +<hr /> +</div><div class="stanza"> +<p>But dwelte at hoom and kepte wel his folde."</p> +</div></div> + +<p>Neither hireling nor non-resident found favour +in Chaucer's eyes. They could have very little in +common with one whom he says:—</p> + +<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> +<p>"But Criste's lore, and his apostles twelve,</p> +<p>He taught, but first he folwed it himselve."</p> +</div></div> + +<p>The <i>date</i> of the obituary quoted, 1646, lends, +too some force to the supposition that "old Mr. +Lewis" was, vulgarly speaking, "no better than he +ought to be." Milton not many years afterwards +published his memorable philippic <i>On the likeliest +Means to remove Hirelings out of the Church</i>; and +after all allowance is made for the sternness of the +Puritan poet's theology, there would still remain +enough to show that his fiercely eloquent tract +might well have been called forth by the presence +in the church of an overweening army of "Mercenary +Preachers." Further space, however, need +not now be trenched on; but should any new +facts be adduced by some of your correspondents +illustrative of the curious entry referred to, I am +sure they will be welcomed by all your readers, and +by none more than by yours, obediently,</p> + +<p class="author"><span class="sc">Henry Campkin</span>.</p> + +<p>Reform Club, Dec. 2. 1850.</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>"THE OWL IS ABROAD."</h3> + +<h4>(Vol. ii., p. 393.)</h4> + +<p>A.R. asks, "On what ground is the base song, +'The Owl is abroad' attributed to Henry Purcell?" +To which I reply, the mistake—for <i>mistake</i> it is—originated +with Dr. Clarke (afterwards Clarke +Whitfield), who inserted it in his <i>Beauties of Purcell</i>. +How little this musician knew of the +"beauties" of Purcell is exhibited in his work; +and how little he knew of the style and peculiarities +of the music of the period, is shown by his +insertion of the song in question. Dr. Clarke's +mistake is noticed in the late William Linley's +elegant work entitled <i>Shakspeare's Dramatic +Songs</i>, vol. i. p. 6. His words are these:</p> + +<blockquote><p> +"In regard to the <i>Tempest</i> music of Mr. Smith, it +has been put to a strange medley of words; some of +them are, however by <span class="sc">Shakspeare</span>; but they do not +appear to come the brighter from the polish it was his +design to give them; here and there we have a flash +or two, but they must ever be vainly opposed to Purcell's +pure and steady light. The song of 'No More +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page496" id="page496"></a>{496}</span> +Dams,' is however an excellent one, and it has been +selected accordingly. The other song, 'The Owl is +abroad,' is also characteristic, but the words are not +<span class="sc">Shakspeare's</span>. The last air has been inserted in Dr. +Clarke's <i>Beauties of Purcell</i>, as Purcell's. <i>This is a +mistake, which, in justice to Smith, should be rectified.</i>" +</p></blockquote> + +<p>Your correspondent also refers to Mr. G. +Hogarth's <i>Memoirs of the Musical Drama</i>, as an +authority for attributing the song in question to +Purcell. Mr. Hogarth's work, I am sorry to say, +can never be depended upon as to facts. It is +almost entirely made up from <i>second-hand</i> authorities; +consequently blunders of the greatest magnitude +occur in every chapter. It has the merit +of being a well-written and an entertaining book; +but here any praise must end.</p> + +<p>A.R. speaks of having referred to Purcell's +<i>Tempest</i>. I must beg to correct him in this statement, +as no <i>complete</i> copy of that work (my own +excepted) is known to exist. Goodeson's (printed +at the end of the last century) is the only copy +approaching to anything like completeness, and +that is very unlike Purcell's <i>Tempest</i>. Did A.R. +find in Purcell's <i>Tempest</i> the music of the beautiful +lyric, "Where the Bee sucks?" No. Yet Purcell +composed music to it. The absence, then, of "The +Owl is abroad," is no proof that Purcell did not +write music for that song also.</p> + +<p>But, in the present case, A.R. may rest assured +that the song about which he inquires is the veritable +composition of John Christopher Smith.</p> + +<p class="author"><span class="sc">Edward F. Rimbault</span>.</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>OLD ST. PANCRAS CHURCH.</h3> + +<p>Your correspondent <span class="sc">Stephen</span> (Vol. ii., p. 407.) +asks for information respecting the "Gospel Oak +Tree at Kentish Town." Permit me to connect +with it another Query relative to the foundation +of the old St. Pancras Church, as the period of its +erection has hitherto baffled research. From the +subjoined extracts, it appears to be of considerable +antiquity. The first extract is from a MS. +volume which I purchased at the sale of the +library of the Rev. H.F. Lyte (Lot 2578.), entitled,—</p> + +<blockquote><p> +"Spicilegium: or A Brief Account of Matters relating +to the ecclesiastical Politie of the British Church, +compiled from Histories, Councils, Canons, and Acts +of Parliament," A.D. 1674. +</p></blockquote> + +<p>It was apparently written for publication, but +is without name or initials. At p. 21. the writer, +after giving an account of the foundation of the +cathedral church of Canterbury, goes on to say,—</p> + +<blockquote><p> +"Without the walls, betwixt the Cathedral and St. +Martin's Church, stood an idol temple, which, with +the leave and goodwill of King Ethelbert, St. Augustine +purged, and then consecrated it to the memory +of St. Pancras the martyr, and after prevailed with the +king to found a monastery there for the monks, in +honour of the two prime apostles, St. Peter and Paul, +appointing it to be the burial-place of the <i>Kentish</i> +Kings, as also for his successors in that see. The like +to this was Pancras Church, near London, otherwise +called <i>Kentish</i> Church, which some ignorantly imagine +was the mother of St. Paul's Church in London. I +rather think it might be the burying-place belonging +to the church of St. Paul, before Cuthbert, Archbishop +of Canterbury, obtained leave of the Pope to bury in +cities. And in imitation of that at Canterbury, this +near London was dedicated to St. Pancras and called +<i>Kentish</i> Church." +</p></blockquote> + +<p>Connected with the Query of <span class="sc">Stephen</span>, it is +worthy of notice that St. Augustine held a conference +with the Cambrian bishops at a place +called by Bede, Augustine's Ac, or Oak, on the +borders of the Weccii and West Saxons, probably +near Austcliffe, in Gloucestershire (Bede's <i>Eccles. +Hist.</i> lib. ii. c. 2.).</p> + +<p><i>Norden</i>, who wrote in the reign of Elizabeth, +in his <i>Speculum Britainniæ</i>, says that—</p> + +<blockquote><p> +"The church of St. Pancras standeth all alone, as +utterly forsaken, old and weather-beaten, which, for the +antiquitie thereof, is thought not to yield to Paule's of +London." +</p></blockquote> + +<p>which idea is repeated by <i>Weever</i>. And in the +year 1749, some unknown poet, soliloquising upon +the top of Primrose Hill, bursts out into the following +rapturous musing at the sight of "the old +weather-beaten church" in the distance.—</p> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>"The rev'rend spire of ancient Pancras view,</p> +<p>To ancient Pancras pay the rev'rence due;</p> +<p><i>Christ's sacred altar there, first Britain saw</i>,</p> +<p>And gaz'd, and worshipp'd, with an holy awe,</p> +<p>Whilst pitying heav'n diffus'd a saving ray,</p> +<p>And heathen darkness changed to Christian day."</p> + </div> </div> + +<p class="author"><i>Gentleman's Mag.</i>, xiv. 276.</p> + +<p>Perhaps some of the gentlemen now engaged in +compiling historical notices of the parish of St. +Pancras will be able to dispel the Cimmerian +darkness which at present envelopes the consecration +of the old church.</p> + +<p>The late Mr. Smith, author of <i>Nollekins and his +Times</i>, made some collections towards a History +of St. Pancras. Query, What has become of them?</p> + +<p class="author"><span class="sc">J. Yeowell</span>.</p> + +<p>Hoxton.</p> + + +<p><i>Old St. Pancras Church</i> (Vol. ii., p. 464.)—In +a note in Croker's edition of Boswell's <i>Johnson</i> +(8vo. 1848, p. 840.), Mr. Markland says, that the +reason assigned by your correspondent, and in +the text of Boswell, for the preference given by +the Roman Catholics to this place of burial, rests, +as he had learned from unquestionable authority, +upon no foundation; "that mere prejudice exists +amongst the Roman Catholics in favour of this +church, as is the case with respect to other places +of burial in various parts of the kingdom." Mr. +Markland derived his information from the late +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page497" id="page497"></a>{497}</span> +Dr. Bramston, Mr. Charles Butler, and Mr. Gage +Rokewoode.</p> + +<p class="author">S.D.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + +<h2>Replies to Minor Queries.</h2> + + +<p><i>Cardinal Allen's Admonition</i> (Vol. ii., p. 463.).—In +the Grenville Library, at the British Museum, +there is a copy of this work, which I happen to +have seen only a few hours before I read <span class="sc">Mr. +Bliss</span>'s Query. Mr. Mendham's reprint of the +<i>Admonition</i>, published by Duncan in 1842, appeared +to me to be remarkably accurate, from a +hasty collation which I made of some parts of it +with the original. The Grenville copy was formerly +Herbert's, and may possible be the same +which was sold for 35<i>s.</i> in Mr. Caldecott's sale in +1832. Connected with this <i>Admonition</i> of Cardinal +Allen, there is another question of some interest. +In Bohn's Guinea Catalogue, No. 16,568., +was a broadside, there said to be <i>unknown and +unique</i>, and entitled <i>A Declaration of the Sentence +and Deposition of Elizabeth, the Usurper and pretended +Queen of England</i>. This was drawn up by +Cardinal Allen, and printed at Antwerp; and +copies were intended to be distributed in England +upon the landing of the Spanish Armada. Can +any of your readers inform me who is the present +possessor of the document referred to, or whether +it has ever been reprinted, or referred to by any +writer? Antony Wood, I am aware, refers to the +document, but it is plain that he never saw it.</p> + +<p class="author">H.P.</p> + + +<p><i>Bolton's Ace</i> (Vol. ii., p. 413.).—Ray's anecdote +concerning the proverb, "Bate me an ace, +quoth Bolton," is perhaps more correctly told in +the <i>Witty Aunsweres and Saiengs of Englishmen</i> +(Cotton MS. Jul. F. x.):</p> + +<blockquote><p> +"William Paulett, Marques of Wynchester and +Highe Treasurer of Engelande, being presented by +John Heywoode with a booke, asked hym what yt +conteyned? and when Heywoode told him 'all the +proverbs in Englishe.' 'What all?' quoth my Lorde; +'No, <i>Bate me an ace, quoth Bolton</i>, is that in youre +booke?' 'No, by my faith, my Lorde, I thinke not,' +annswered Heywoode." +</p></blockquote> + +<p>The "booke" presented by Heywoode to the +Marquis of Winchester was <i>A Dialogue contayning +in Effect the Number of all the Proverbes in the +English Tongue compact in a Matter concerning +two Marriages; first printed by Berthelet in</i> 1546. +In 1556 it was "Newly overseen and somewhat +augmented." A copy of the latter is in the British +Museum.</p> + +<p><span class="sc">John Bolton</span>, from whom the proverb derives +its origin, was one of Henry VIII.'s "diverting +vagabonds." He is several times mentioned as +winning money from the king at cards and dice in +one of the <i>Royal Household Books</i>.</p> + +<p>It is but right that I should give this information +to your correspondent "T. Cr.", as I have +omitted to "note it" in my reprint of Hutton's +curious tract.</p> + +<p class="author"><span class="sc">Edward F. Rimbault</span>.</p> + + +<p><i>Cardinal Beaton</i> (Vol. ii., p. 433.).—In Smith's +<i>Iconographia Scotica</i> is a portrait of Beaton said +to be painted by Vandyke, and evidently the one +engraved in Lodge. It is accompanied by a +memoir, which would probably be of use to <span class="sc">Scotus</span>, +as it contains references to a great number of +authorities used in its compilation. If <span class="sc">Scotus</span> +has not met with this, and will send me his address +I will forward to him the leaves containing the +life.</p> + +<p class="author"><span class="sc">John I. Dredge.</span></p> + +<p>Pateley Bridge.</p> + + +<p><i>Portrait of Cardinal Beaton</i> (Vol. ii., p. 433.).—In +No. 57. allusion is made to the portrait of +Cardinal Beaton, now at Blairs College, near Aberdeen. +In Fyvie Castle, Aberdeenshire, where one +of the copies of this portrait, from the easel of +James Giles, Esq., R.S.A., now is, there are some +manuscripts of Abbé Macpherson (who sent the +Blairs picture to this country), purchased at the +sale of the late Mr. Chalmers, author of <i>Caledonia</i>. +Among them there might possibly be some which +might tend to confirm the authenticity of the +original painting.</p> + +<p class="author">S.P.</p> + + +<p>"<i>He that runs may read</i>" (Vol. ii., pp. 374. 439.).—It +is idle to prolong this controversy. I think it +is no interpretation of part of ver. 2., chap. ii, +Habakkuk. Nor do I believe that it has any reference +to it. But it is obviously a favourite +poetic quotation, and your readers will find it at +line 80, in Cowper's <i>Tirocinium, or A Review of +Schools</i>.</p> + +<p class="author">J.G.H.</p> + +<p>Pimlico.</p> + + +<p><i>Sir George Downing</i> (Vol. ii., p. 464.).—Particulars +respecting the first Sir George Downing +may be found in Wood's <i>Athenæ Oxonienses</i>, ii. +27. 758, 759.; Wotton's <i>English Baronetage</i>, iv. +415.; <i>Parliamentary History of England</i>, xix. +411. 465. 499.; <i>Continuation of the Life of Edward +Earl of Clarendon</i>, royal 8vo. edit., 1116, 1117. +1165-1170, Burnet's <i>History of his own Time</i>, +ed. 1838, 136.; Heath's <i>Chronicle</i>, 2nd edit., 448. +528, 529, 530. 582.; <i>Personal History of Charles II</i>. +(at end of Bohn's edition of <i>Grammont</i>), 431.; +Lister's <i>Life of Clarendon</i>, ii. 231-255. 268-271. +311-315. (Mr. Lister's third volume contains +numerous letters to and from Sir George Downing); +Vaughan's <i>Protectorate of Cromwell</i>, i. 227. +255, 256. 264. 266. 268., ii. 299. 317. 433.; Courtenay's +<i>Memoirs of Sir W. Temple</i>, i. 117. 264. +269.; Pepys's <i>Diary</i>; and Evelyn's <i>Diary</i>.</p> + +<p>Wotton was not acquainted with the fact stated +by your correspondent, that "the family is of +most ancient origin in Devonshire." Wotton +states, and apparently on good authority, that the +first of the family of whom he had found mention, +was Godfrey Downing, of the county of the city of +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page498" id="page498"></a>{498}</span> +<i>Norwich</i>, who had a son, Arthur Downing, of the +county of <i>Norfolk</i>, whose son, Calybut (the grandfather +of the first Sir George), was of Shennington, +in <i>Gloucestershire</i>.</p> + +<p>Mr. Sims, in his <i>Index to the Heralds' Visitations</i>, +refers to pedigrees and arms of the family of +Downing under <i>Buckinghamshire</i>, <i>Essex</i>, and +<i>Norfolk</i>.</p> + +<p class="author"><span class="sc">C.H. Cooper.</span></p> + +<p>Cambridge, December 9. 1850.</p> + + +<p><i>Burning to Death, or Burning of the Hill</i> (Vol. ii., +p. 441.).—The following extract from Collinson's +<i>Somerset</i>, vol. iii. p. 374., where it is quoted from +the <i>Laws of the Miners of Mendip</i>, 1687, may +throw some light upon the incidents referred to by +J.W.H.:—</p> + +<blockquote><p> +"Among certain laws by which the miners were +anciently regulated is the following, viz.:</p> + +<p>"'That if any man of that occupation do pick or +steal any lead or ore to the value of thirteen pence +halfpenny, the lord or his officer may arrest all his +lead and ore, house and hearth, with all his goods, +grooves, and works, and keep them as forfeit to his own +use; and shall take the person that hath so offended, +and bring him where his house and work, and all +his tools and instruments belonging to the same occupation, +are; and put him into his house or work, +and set every thing on fire about him, and banish him +from that occupation before all the miners for ever.'—<i>Laws +of the Miners of Mendip</i>, 1687.</p> + +<p>"This is called <i>Burning of the Hill</i>."</p></blockquote> + +<p>It is to be hoped that any of the readers of +"<span class="sc">Notes and Queries</span>" resident among this +mining population (who are said to retain many +other ancient and remarkable customs), and possessing +any information in illustration of it, will +record it in your columns.</p> + +<p class="author"><span class="sc">William J. Thoms.</span></p> + + +<p><i>The Roscommon Peerage</i> (Vol. ii., p. 469.).—My +attention has been called to an article in +No. 58. respecting the descendants of the first +Earl of Roscommon.</p> + +<p>As I am very interested in the subject, I +beg <span class="sc">An Hiberian</span>, should this meet his eye, to +allow me to correspond with him.</p> + +<p>He is quite right as to the old tombstone. When +I was a boy, some five or six and forty years ago, +my father, one day as we were passing by the +churchyard, mentioned that stone to me; but as I +had then several cousins living whose claims were +prior to mine, the matter made but little impression +upon my mind.</p> + +<p>My father was Thomas, the second son of +Garrett, who was the son of Thomas, down to +whom the genealogy from the first Earl was traced +upon the stone.</p> + +<p>That stone and another, as I learn, were removed +and destroyed, or concealed, many years +ago, doubtless through some interested motive; +and, unfortunately, no copies of the inscriptions +have, that I can discover, been preserved by any +branch of the family.</p> + +<p>When the late Earl became a claimant, it was +not known whether the descendants of Patrick, my +father's elder brother, who had all emigrated, were +living or dead; which circumstance, it was considered, +would be an impediment to my claim.</p> + +<p>Besides which it was also thought, the testimony +on the stone having been lost, that the traditions +in the family would not be sufficient to establish a +claim: under these circumstances I refrained from +coming forward to oppose the claims of the late +Earl. But now, as it is believed that there are +none of my cousins living, I am endeavouring to +collect evidence in support of my claim; and proof +of what your correspondent states would be exceedingly +useful.</p> + +<p class="author"><span class="sc">Garrett Dillon, M.D.</span></p> + +<p>8. Queen's Parade, Bath.</p> + + +<p><i>The Word "after" in the Rubric</i> (Vol. ii., +p. 424.).—In the edition of the <i>Latin Common +Prayer</i>, published in 12mo., Londini, 1574, which +must be a very early edition (probably the fourth +or fifth), there is a great verbal difference in the +conclusion of the exhortation from the English +original. It stands thus:</p> + +<blockquote><p> +"Quapropter omnes vos qui præsentes hic adestis, +per Dei nomen obtestor, ut interni sensus vestri, cum +meo conjuncti pariter, ad cælestis clementiæ thronum +subvolent, ut in hunc, qui sequitur, sermonem, succedatur." +</p></blockquote> + +<p>Then follows the rubric, "Generalis confessio, +ab universa congregatione dicenda, genibus flexis." +It would appear from this, that the confession was +repented at the same time by the minister and the +congregation, and not by the congregation after +the minister.</p> + +<p>Of the authenticity of this edition there can be +no doubt. It bears the royal arms on the titlepage, +and is printed "Cum privilegio Regiæ majestatis. +Excudebat Thomas Vautrollerius." I have +not seen the earlier editions. A Greek version +was printed with the Latin, in one volume, one +year before; and the Latin was republished in +1584. The edition of 1574 was printed before the +Catechism was completed by the questions on the +sacraments. In the rubrics of the Lord's Prayer, +in the Post Communion, and in the last prayers +the Commination Service, the word <i>after</i> is rendered +by <i>post</i>.</p> + +<p>The difference between the Latin and the +English in the exhortation is very remarkable, for +it does not make the priest dictate the confession, +but repeat it with them; whereas the English services +of Edward and Elizabeth, unaltered in any +subsequent editions, distinctly make the priest +dictate the confession. There can be no doubt +about the sense of the word <i>after</i>, when we find it +in the rubrics of the Post Communion and Commination +translated <i>post</i>. Some of your readers +may be able to give an account of the Latin versions, +and explain by what influence the alteration +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page499" id="page499"></a>{499}</span> +was made, and how it came to be sanctioned, while +the English remained unchanged.</p> + +<p class="author">E.C.H.</p> + + +<p><i>Disputed Passage in the Tempest</i> (Vol. ii., pp. 259. +299. 337. 429.).—Allow me to remind <span class="sc">Mr. George +Stephens</span>, who takes credit for adhering to the +"primitive" text of a certain disputed passage in +the <i>Tempest</i>, that neither he nor any one else does +so; that the "primitive" text, that is, the text of +the first folio, is mere nonsense, and that he simply +adopts the first attempt at correction, instead of +the second, or the third, or the fourth.</p> + +<p>Enough has been written, perhaps, on the meaning +of this passage; and opinion will always be +divided between those who adopt the prosaical, +and those who prefer the more poetical reading: +but when <span class="sc">Mr. Stephens</span> says the construction is +merely an instance of a "common ellipsis," I cannot +but think it would be an advantage if he would +inform us whether he uses this term in its common +acceptation, and if so, if he would give the meaning +stated at first. If this be a common ellipsis, I +must confess myself to be so stupid as not to understand it.</p> + +<p>I dissent, too, altogether from the opinion that +the comma is of any importance in the construction +of this passage. Assuming, as one correspondent +says, and as <span class="sc">Mr. Stephens</span> (for I don't quite understand +his brief judgment) seems to say, that +"<i>most busie least</i>" means <i>least busy</i>, the placing +a comma between "least" and the conjunction +"when" can in no way affect the sense, though, as +a matter of taste, I should decidedly object to it.</p> + +<p>To show that I am not wedded to any particular +interpretation, I have another suggestion to make +which has struck me even while writing. Taking +"lest" for <i>least</i>, can it have been used for <i>at least</i>, +or as some people say, <i>leastwise</i>? The sense would +still be the same as I have contended for, expressed +something like this: "But these sweet +thoughts do even refresh my labours: at least they +are most busy when I forget myself in my occupation."</p> + +<p class="author"><span class="sc">Samuel Hickson</span>.</p> + + +<p><i>Lady Compton's Letter</i> (Vol. ii., p. 424.).—<span class="sc">Mr. +C.H. Cooper</span> inquires whether this letter appeared +before 1839? Gifford gives an extract from it +in Massinger's <i>City Madam</i>, Act II., where the +daughters of Sir John Frugal make somewhat +similar stipulations from their suitors. When +speaking of this letter as "a modest and consolatory +one," Gifford adds, "it is <i>yet extant</i>." The +editor of a work entitled <i>Relics of Literature</i> (1823) +gives it at length, with this reference, "Harleian +MSS. 7003." The property of Lady Compton's +father, Sir John Spencer, is stated variously from +300,000<i>l.</i> to 800,000<i>l.</i> In this case, riches brought +with them their customary share of anxieties. +Lysons, in his <i>Environs of London</i>, informs us that +a plot was actually laid for carrying off the +wealthy merchant from his house at Canonbury, +by a pirate of Dunkirk, in the hope of obtaining a +large ransom.</p> + +<p class="author">J.H.M.</p> + + +<p><i>Midwives licensed</i> (Vol. ii., p. 408.).—I have +a manuscript volume which belonged to Bishop +Warburton, and apparently to other Bishops of +Gloucester before him; containing, amongst other +Pontificalia, in writing of various ages, a number +of forms of licences, among which occurs "Licentia +Obstetricis," whereby the bishop</p> + +<blockquote><p> +"eandem A.B. ad exercendam Artem et Officium +Obstetricis in et per totam Diocesin Gloucestrensem +prædietam admisit et Literas Testimoniales superiade +fieri decrevit." +</p></blockquote> + +<p>There is no mention of charms or incantations +in the licence, but the oath "de jure in hac parte +requisito," is required to have been made. The +form is of the same writing as several others which +bear dates from 1709 to 1719. Below is a memorandum +of the fees, amounting to 17<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> + +<p class="author"><span class="sc">Thomas Kerslake</span>.</p> + +<p>Bristol.</p> + + +<p><i>Echo Song</i> (Vol. ii., p. 441.).—Although I cannot +supply <span class="sc">Llyd Rhys Morgan</span> with the name +of the writer, I may refer him to D'Israeli's +<i>Curiosities of Literature</i>, p. 257. (Moxon's edit. +1840), where he will find another Echo Song, by +a certain Francis Cole, so similar to the one he +quotes as to induce me to think that they either +come from the same pen, or that the one is an +imitation of the other.</p> + +<p class="author">Y.</p> + + +<p><i>The Irish Brigade</i> (Vol. ii., pp. 407. 452.).—It +is understood John C. O'Callaghan, Esq., author +of the <i>Green Book</i>, contemplated a much more +copious work on the subject than that by the late +Matthew O'Connor, mentioned by your correspondent +(p. 452.). The <i>Union Quotidienne</i> of 23rd +April last announced a work by M. de la Ponce, +<i>Essai sur l'Irlande Ancienne, et sur les Brigades +Irlandaises au Service de France, depuis leur Organisation +en 1691</i>; but whether published or not +I am not aware. Perhaps some of your correspondents +may know.</p> + +<p class="author"><span class="sc">Drumlethglas</span>.</p> + + +<p><i>To save one's Bacon</i> (Vol. ii., p. 424.).—May +I venture to suggest that this phrase has reference +to the custom at Dunmow, in Essex, of giving a +flitch of bacon to any married couple residing in +the parish, who live in harmony for a year and a +day. A man and his wife who stopped short when +on the verge of a quarrel might be said to have +"just saved their bacon;" and in course of time +the phrase would be applied to any one who barely +escaped any loss or danger.</p> + +<p class="author">X.Z.</p> + + +<p><i>"The Times" Newspaper and the Coptic Language</i> +(Vol. ii., p. 377.).—J.E. quotes a passage +from <i>The Times</i> newspaper respecting the Coptic +language, and asks if any correspondent can furnish +a clearer account of its structure than the writer +of that article has given. A reference to the work +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page500" id="page500"></a>{500}</span> +which he was reviewing (Kenrick's <i>Ancient Egypt +under the Pharaohs</i>) will show the origin of the +apparent inconsistency on which J.E. animadverts. +In that work it is said (vol. i. p. 100.):</p> + +<blockquote><p> +"The roots of the Coptic language appear to have +been generally monosyllabic, and the derivatives have +been formed by a very simple system of prefixing, inserting, +and affixing certain letters, which have usually +undergone but little change, not having been incorporated +with the root, nor melted down by crasis, nor +softened by any euphonic rules." +</p></blockquote> + +<p>Again (vol. i. p. 107.), speaking of the supposed +connexion between India and Egypt:</p> + +<blockquote><p> +"The Sanscrit is the most polished and copious +language ever spoken by man; the Coptic, the most +rude of all which were used by the civilised nations of +antiquity." +</p></blockquote> + +<p>The writer in <i>The Times, currente calamo</i>, has +thrown the contents of these two sentences together, +and somewhat strengthened the expressions of his +author, who does not call the Coptic system of inflexion +rude, nor assert that it is totally different +from the Syro-Arabian system, but quotes the +opinion of Benfey, that they differ so much that +neither can have originated from the other, but +both from a parent language. The distinction +between a system of <i>inflexion</i> and one of <i>affixes</i> +and <i>prefixes</i> is not permanent. What we call the +inflexions of the Greek verb were once, no doubt, +affixes; but while, in the Greek, they have become +incorporated with the root, in the Coptic they stand +rigidly apart from it.</p> + +<p class="author"><span class="sc">Herampion.</span></p> + + +<p><i>Luther's Hymns</i> (Vol. ii., p. 327.).—A writer +in the <i>Parish Choir</i> of September last (p. 140.) +has traced the words "In the midst of life we are +in death" to a higher source than the Salisbury +Service-book. It occurs in the choir-book of the +monks of St. Gall in Switzerland, and was probably +composed by Notker, surnamed the Stammerer, +about the end of the ninth century, or the +beginning of the tenth.</p> + +<p class="author">C.H.</p> + +<p>St. Catherine's Hall, Cambridge.</p> + + +<p><i>Osnaburg Bishopric</i> (Vol. ii., pp. 358. 484.).—The +occupiers of this bishopric were princes ecclesiastical +of the empire, and had not only the +ordinary authority of bishops in their dioceses, but +were sovereigns of their provinces and towns in +the same manner as were the princes temporal.</p> + +<p>The bishopric of Osnaburg was founded by +Charlemagne, and was filled by various princes +until 1625, when Cardinal Francis William, Count +of Wartemburg, was elected by the chapter.</p> + +<p>By the Treaty of Osnaburg, 1642, which was +ratified at the Peace of Westphalia, 1648, the +House of Brunswick resigned all claims to the +archbishoprics of Magdeburg and Bremen, and +to the bishoprics of Halberstadt and Ratzburg; +and received the alternate nomination of the +bishopric of Osnaburg, which was declared to +belong jointly to the Catholic and the Protestant +branch of Brunswick.</p> + +<p>Under this arrangement, on the death of Count +Wartemburg in 1662, Ernest Augustus I., the +sixtieth bishop, patriarch of the present royal +family of England, succeeded to the government +of Osnaburg, which he held for thirty-six years.</p> + +<p>Ernest Augustus II, sixty-second bishop, Duke +of Brunswick and Lunenburg, was made Duke of +York and Albany, and Bishop of Osnaburg, in +1716, in the room of Charles Joseph of Lorraine. +He died in 1748.</p> + +<p>Frederick, second son of George III., was appointed +bishop at an early age; he being called, in +a work dedicated to him in 1772, "An infant +bishop."</p> + +<p>By the Treaty of Vienna, the bishopric of Osnaburg +was made part of the kingdom of Hanover.</p> + +<p>The ancient territory of the Bishop of Osnaburg +consisted of Osnaburg, Iborg, Forstenau, Bostel, +Quakenburg, Vorde Gronsburg, Hunteburg on +the lake Dummer, Witlage, Melle, and Holte.</p> + +<p>In Halliday's <i>History of the House of Guelph</i>, +4to., 1821, at p. 133., the conditions of the Treaty +of Osnaburg relative to the bishopric are given at +length.</p> + +<p>Whilst preparing the above I have seen the +reply of F.E. at p. 447., and would beg to correct +the following errors:—</p> + +<p>The Treaty of Osnaburg was 1642, not 1624.</p> + +<p>Halliday's <i>House of Guelph</i> was published 1821, +not 1820.</p> + +<p>Reference to the conditions of the treaty at +p. 133. is omitted.</p> + +<p class="author"><span class="sc">F.B. Relton.</span></p> + + +<p><i>Scandal against Queen Elizabeth</i> (Vol. ii., +p. 393.).—There is a current belief in Ireland +that the family of Mapother, in Roscommon, is +descended from Queen Elizabeth: and there are +many other traditions completely at variance with +the ordinarily received opinion as to her inviolate +chastity. A discussion of the matter might discover +the foundation on which they rest.</p> + +<p class="author"><span class="sc">R. Ts.</span></p> + + +<p><i>Pretended Reprint of Ancient Poetry</i> (Vol. ii., +p. 463.).—The late Rev. Peter Hall was the person +at whose expense the two copies of the work +mentioned by <span class="sc">Dr. Rimbault</span> were reprinted. At +the sale of that gentleman's library, in May last, +one of these two reprints was sold for 20<i>s.</i></p> + +<p class="author"><span class="sc">Cato.</span></p> + + +<p><i>Martin Family</i> (Vol. ii., p. 392.).—If your correspondent +<span class="sc">Clericus</span> will refer to Morant's <i>History +of Essex</i>, vol. ii. p. 188., he will find some +account of the family of Martin. There do not +appear to be any families of the name of Cockerell +or Hopkins in the same neighbourhood.</p> + +<p class="author">J.A.D.</p> + + +<p>"<i>Ge-ho</i>," <i>Meaning of</i>.—I am a little girl, +only two years and five months old, and my kind +aunt Noo teaches me to spell. Now I hear the +men, when driving their horses, say "Ge-ho;" +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page501" id="page501"></a>{501}</span> +and I think they say so because G, O, spells "Go." +Is it so, can anybody say?</p> + +<p class="author">I am, your youngest correspondent,<br /> +<span class="sc">Katie</span>.</p> + +<p class="note"> +[Better etymologists than <span class="sc">Katie</span> have made far worse +guesses than our youngest correspondent. But in +Brand's <i>Popular Antiquities</i>, by Ellis, vol. i. p. 294. ed. +1841 (the passage is not in the last edition), is the following +curious illustration of the phrase <i>Ge-ho</i>. +</p> + +<p class="note"> +"A learned friend, whose communications I have +frequently had occasion to acknowledge in the course +of this work, says, the exclamation '<i>Geho</i>, <i>Geho</i>,' which +carmen use to their horses, is probably of great antiquity. +It is not peculiar to this country, as I have +heard it used in France. In the story of the Milkmaid, +who kicked down her pail, and with it all her hopes of +getting rich, as related in a very ancient collection of +apologues, entitled <i>Dialogus Creaturarum</i>, printed at +Gonda in 1480, is the following passage: 'Et cum sic +gloriaretur, et cogitaret cum quantâ gloriâ duceretur +ad illum virum super equum dicendo <i>gio gio</i>, cepit +percutere terram quasi pungeret equum calcaribus.'" +</p> + +<p class="note"> +Brand's learned correspondent was, doubtless, the +late Mr. Douce, from whom the writer of this Note +has often heard the same illustration.] +</p> + + +<p><i>Lady Norton</i> (Vol. ii., p. 480.).—An account of +lady Norton may be seen in <i>Memoirs of several +ladies of Great Britain, who have been celebrated +for their writings or skill in the learned languages +arts and sciences</i>. By George Ballard. Oxford, +1752. 4º. She is said to have written two books, +viz.: <i>The applause of virtue. In four parts.</i> etc. +London, 1705. 4º. pp. 262; and <i>Memento mori: +or meditations on death</i>. London 1705. 4º. pp. 108. +She was living in advanced years, about 1720.</p> + +<p>The same biographical repertory contains an +account of her daughter, lady Gethin—of whom +some particulars were given by myself in a small +volume of essays printed for private circulation, +under the title of <i>Curiosities of literature illustrated</i>, +in 1837. On that occasion I ventured to +express my belief that lady Gethin did not compose +one sentence of the <i>remains</i> ascribed to her; +but I hope the claims of lady Norton to <i>patristic +learning</i> may more successfully bear the test of +critical examination.</p> + +<p class="author"><span class="sc">Bolton Corney</span>.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + +<h2>Miscellaneous.</h2> + +<h3>NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC.</h3> + +<p>Honour to the University of Oxford, Honour to the +Rev. Josiah Forshall, and though last not least, Honour +to the learned Keeper of the Manuscripts in the +British Museum, Sir Frederick Madden, for giving us +<i>The Holy Bible containing the Old and New Testaments +with the Apocryphal Books, in the earliest English versions +made from the Latin Vulgate, by John Wycliffe and +his followers</i>. Never did the University Press put +forth a more valuable or more important work than +these four handsome quartos, (published, too, at the +marvellously small price of five guineas), in which are +now printed, for the first time, in an entire form, those +Versions which may be regarded as the earliest in the +English language which embrace any considerable +proportion of the Holy Scriptures. By this publication, +Oxford has done her part towards wiping away +the disgrace which has so long attached to this country—which +boasts, and justly and proudly boasts, of being +<i>the</i> country of Bibles—for its long-continued neglect +of these early versions of the vernacular Scriptures. +How great was the influence which they exercised +upon the religious opinions and sentiments of the nation +at large in the interval between the years 1382 +and 1526, how great an amount of scriptural truth +they diffused, how effectually they supplied the opponents +of the Papal system with the means of exposing +its abuses and errors, and how they thereby +laid a deep foundation for the reform of the sixteenth +century, may be clearly seen by a perusal of the +Preface to this great work; on which the learned editors +have employed their learning and industry for +two and twenty years, to their own high credit, +and to the vindication of English scholarship. But +our limited space will not admit of our detailing +all the claims which this <i>editio princeps</i> of the <i>Wycliffite +Scriptures</i> has upon the attention of our readers, or of +pointing out all the great services which its editors +have rendered to the literary, no less than to the religious +world. When we state briefly that in the work +before us we have the <i>two</i> versions, the <i>earlier</i> and +<i>later</i> versions, printed side by side; that these are accompanied +by various readings gathered from the collection +of upwards of one hundred different manuscripts; +introduced by a preface full of new and most interesting +particulars of this first attempt to give to this +country the Scriptures in a tongue "understanded of the +people;" and the whole rendered complete by an extensive +and most valuable glossary, we feel persuaded +our readers will agree with us in giving honour to all +who have had hand or heart in the production of these +deeply interesting volumes.</p> + +<p>We have received the following Catalogues:—C.J. +Stewart's (11. King William Street, Strand) Catalogue +of Doctrinal, Controversial, Practical, and Devotional +Divinity; a well-timed catalogue containing some +extraordinary Collections, as of Roman and Spanish +Indexes of Books prohibited and expurgated, and of +Official and Documentary Works on the Inquisition; +B.R. Wheatley's (44. Bedford Street, Strand) Catalogue +of Scarce and Interesting Books for 1851; Joel +Rowsell's (28. Great Queen Street) Catalogue No. +XL. of a Select Collection of Second-hand Books; +John Miller's (43. Chandos Street) Catalogue No. 15. +for 1850 of Books Old and New.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + +<h3>BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES</h3> + +<h4>WANTED TO PURCHASE.</h4> + +<p><span class="sc">George Herbert, Jacula Prudentum; or, Outlandish Proverbs, +etc.</span> 12mo. London. 1651.</p> + +<p><span class="sc">N.R. Gent, Proverbs, English, French, Dutch, Italian, and +Spanish.</span> 12mo. London. 1659.</p> + +<p><big><sup>*</sup><sub>*</sub><sup>*</sup></big> Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, <i>carriage free</i>, +to be sent to <span class="sc">Mr. Bell</span>, Publisher of "NOTES AND +QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page502" id="page502"></a>{502}</span> + + +<h2>Notices to Correspondents.</h2> + +<p><span class="sc">Our Christmas Number.</span> <i>This week our able contemporary</i>, +<span class="sc">Household Words</span>, <i>treats his readers to a +Christmas Number. It is one of the many good things in +which our popular friend has anticipated us. Thanks, +however, to the Peace Congress, we are content to be thus +anticipated without giving utterance to the time-honoured</i> +"Pereant qui ante nos nostra dixerunt." <i>Still, as we +earnestly desire to close the year in peace with all the +world, or, which is much the same thing, with all the +readers of</i> <span class="sc">Notes and Queries</span>, <i>we propose, on Saturday +next, treating them to a</i> <span class="sc">Christmas Number</span>, <i>rich in +articles on</i> <span class="sc">Folk Lore</span>, <span class="sc">Popular Literature</span>, &c., <i>and +to use as ballast for our barque, which will at such occasion +be of unwonted lightness, a number of Replies which we +have by us imploring for admittance into our columns.</i></p> + +<p><span class="sc">The Index to Volume the Second</span> <i>will be ready +early in January.</i></p> + +<p><i>All Catalogues, Bills, or Prospectuses intended for +insertion in our next Monthly Part, must be sent to the +Office, 186. Fleet Street, by Friday the 27th instant.</i></p> + +<hr class="adverts" /> + +<center>Seventeenth Thousand. Fcp., price 7<i>s.</i></center> + +<p>PROVERBIAL PHILOSOPHY. A Book of +Thoughts and Arguments, originally treated. By <span class="sc">Martin +Farquhar Tupper</span>, Esq., D.C.L.F.R S., of Christ Church, +Oxford. With a Portrait.</p> + +<center>London: <span class="sc">Thomas Hatchard</span>, 187. Piccadilly.</center> + +<hr /> + +<center>The <span class="sc">concluding</span> Volume of the <span class="sc">Archbishop of Canterbury's +Exposition of the New Testament</span>.</center> + +<center>Just published, 8vo., or 2 vols. 12mo., price 9<i>s.</i></center> + +<p>A PRACTICAL EXPOSITION OF ST. +PAUL'S EPISTLES to the THESSALONIANS, to +TIMOTHY, TITUS, PHILEMON, and to the HEBREWS, +in the form of <span class="sc">Lectures</span>, intended to assist the practice of Domestic +Instruction and Devotion. By <span class="sc">John Bird Sumner</span>, D.D., +Archbishop of Canterbury.</p> + +<center>London: <span class="sc">Thomas Hatchard</span>, 187. Piccadilly.</center> + +<hr /> + +<center>Now Ready, cloth, 1<i>s.</i></center> + +<p>THE GREEK CHURCH. A Sketch by the +Author of "<span class="sc">Proposals for Christian Union</span>."</p> + +<p>"Like its predecessors, the volume is amiable and interesting."—<i>Notes +and Queries.</i></p> + +<p>"Anything written by the Author of 'Proposals for Christian +Union' is sure to be distinguished by an excellent spirit. The +'Greek Church,' a Sketch, is well put together; and, though +slight, will be found to contain as much real information as many +a book of greater size and more pretension."—<i>The Guardian</i>.</p> + +<p>This Essay concludes the Series. The four preceding numbers +on sale, Second Edition, 1<i>s.</i> each.</p> + +<p>London: <span class="sc">James Darling</span>, Great Queen Street, Lincoln's-Inn-Fields. +Edinburgh: 12. South St. Andrew's Street.</p> + +<hr /> + +<center>Price 1<i>d.</i>, by Post 2<i>d.</i>, or 5<i>s.</i> per Hundred for Distribution.</center> + +<p>WESTMINSTER AND DR. WISEMAN; +or, FACTS <i>v.</i> FICTION. By <span class="sc">William Page Wood</span>, +Esq., M.P., Q.C. Reprinted from <i>The Times</i> with an Advertisement +on the subject of the <span class="sc">Westminster Spiritual Aid Fund</span>, +and more especially on the Duty and Justice of applying the +Revenues of the suspended Stalls of the Abbey for the adequate +Endowment of the District Churches in the immediate neighbourhood.</p> + +<center>Second Edition, with an Appendix.</center> + +<p>London: <span class="sc">George Bell</span>, 186. Fleet Street; <span class="sc">Messrs. Rivington's</span>, +St. Paul's Church-yard, and Waterloo Place; and <span class="sc">Thomas +Hatchard</span>, 187. Piccadilly and <i>by Order</i>, of all Booksellers.</p> + +<hr /> + +<h3>MR. MURRAY'S</h3> + +<h4>LIST OF BOOKS JUST READY.</h4> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<center>I.</center> + +<p>LAVENGRO. By <span class="sc">George Borrow</span>, Author +of "<span class="sc">The Bible in Spain</span>." Portrait. 3 vols. Post 8vo.</p> + +<center>II.</center> + +<p>THE LEXINGTON PAPERS; or the Official +and Private Correspondence of <span class="sc">Robert Sutton</span>, while Minister +at Vienna, 1694-98. 8vo. 14<i>s.</i></p> + +<center>III.</center> + +<p>THE MILITARY EVENTS IN ITALY, +1848-9. From the German. By <span class="sc">Lord Ellesmere</span>. Map. Post +8vo. 9<i>s.</i></p> + +<center>IV.</center> + +<p>A MEMOIR OF BISHOP STANLEY, with +his <span class="sc">Addresses</span> and <span class="sc">Charges</span>. By <span class="sc">Rev. A.P. Stanley</span>, Author of +"<span class="sc">Life of Dr. Arnold</span>." 8vo.</p> + +<center>V.</center> + +<p>A VOYAGE TO THE MAURITIUS AND +BACK. By the Author of "<span class="sc">Paddiana</span>." Post 8vo.</p> + +<center>VI.</center> + +<p>THE LAW OF NAVAL COURTS MARTIAL, +for the guidance of <span class="sc">Naval Officers</span>. By <span class="sc">William +Hickman</span>, R.N. 8vo.</p> + +<center>VII.</center> + +<p>ENGLAND AS IT IS: <span class="sc">Political, Social</span>, +and <span class="sc">Industrial</span>. By <span class="sc">William Johnston</span>. 2 vols. Post 8vo. +Next Week.</p> + +<center>VIII.</center> + +<p>CHRISTIANITY IN CEYLON. Its <span class="sc">Introduction</span> +and <span class="sc">Progress</span>. By <span class="sc">Sir J. Emerson Tennent</span>. Woodcuts. +8vo. 15<i>s.</i></p> + +<center>IX.</center> + +<p>THE PALACES OF NINEVEH AND +PERSEPOLIS RESTORED. An Essay on Assyrian and Persian +Architecture. By <span class="sc">James Fergusson</span>. Woodcuts. 8vo.</p> + +<center>X.</center> + +<p>A MANUAL OF ELEMENTARY GEOLOGY. +By <span class="sc">Sir Charles Lyell</span>. Third Edition, revised. +Woodcuts. 8vo.</p> + +<center>XI.</center> + +<p>HANDBOOK OF ITALIAN PAINTING. +From the German of <span class="sc">Kugler</span>. Edited by <span class="sc">Sir Charles Eastlake</span>. +Second Edition. 100 Woodcuts. Post 8vo.</p> + +<center>XII.</center> + +<p>SALMONIA or, <span class="sc">Days of Fly-Fishing</span>. +By <span class="sc">Sir H. Davy</span>. Fourth Edition. Woodcuts. Fcap. 8vo. 6<i>s.</i></p> + +<center>XIII.</center> + +<p>CONSOLATIONS IN TRAVEL. By <span class="sc">Sir +H. Davy</span>. Fifth Edition. Woodcuts. Fcap. 8vo. 6<i>s.</i></p> + +<center>XIV.</center> + +<p>SPECIMENS OF THE TABLE-TALK OF +SAMUEL TAYLOR COLERIDGE. Third edition. Portrait. +Fcap. 8vo. 6<i>s.</i></p> + +<center>XV.</center> + +<p>REJECTED ADDRESSES. By <span class="sc">James</span> and +<span class="sc">Horace Smith</span>. Twenty-second Edition. Portraits. Fcap. +8vo. 5<i>s.</i></p> + +<center>XVI.</center> + +<p>MURRAY'S MODERN COOKERY, based +on the well-known work of <span class="sc">Mrs. Rundell</span>. Entirely revised, +and adapted to the present time. By <span class="sc">A Lady</span>. Woodcuts. +Fcap. 8vo. Next Week.</p> + +<center>XVII.</center> + +<p>THE PROGRESS OF THE NATION. By +<span class="sc">G.R. Porter</span>. Third Edition, corrected to the present +time. 8vo.</p> + +<center>50. Albemarle Street.</center> + +<hr /> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page503" id="page503"></a>{503}</span> + +<center>On the 1st of January 1851 will be commenced the Publication of</center> + +<center>A CHEAP RE-ISSUE</center> + +<center>In Five Monthly Volumes, price only 6<i>s.</i> each, with Portraits, &c., handsomely bound, of</center> + +<h2>PEPYS' DIARY AND CORRESPONDENCE.</h2> + +<center>ILLUSTRATIVE OF THE REIGNS OF CHARLES II. AND JAMES II.</center> + +<center><span class="sc">Edited by</span> LORD BRAYBROOKE.</center> + +<p>This Edition will contain all the passages restored from the Original Manuscript, and all the Additional Notes. Vol. I. will be +ready with the Magazines on the 1st of January, 1851, and the subsequent volumes will appear in regular monthly succession. Those +who desire copies on the days of publication, are requested to give their orders immediately to their respective Booksellers.</p> + +<p>"We unhesitatingly characterize this journal as the most remarkable production of its kind which has ever been given to the world. +Pepys paints the Court, the Monarchs, and the times, in more vivid colours than any one else. His 'Diary' makes us comprehend +the great historical events of the age, and the people who bore a part in them, and gives us more clear glimpses into the true English +life of the times than all the other memorials of them that have come down to our own."—<i>Edinburgh Review</i>.</p> + +<p>"The best book of its kind in the English language. 'Pepys' Diary' is the ablest picture of the age in which the writer lived, and +a work of standard importance in English literature."—<i>Athenæum.</i></p> + +<hr /> + +<center>Also now ready, in 2 vols. 8vo., uniform with "<span class="sc">The Curiosities of Literature</span>." 28<i>s.</i> bound.</center> + +<h2>THE LIFE AND REIGN OF CHARLES I.</h2> + +<center>BY J. DISRAELI.</center> + +<center><span class="sc">A New and Revised Edition</span>, edited, with a Preface, by B. DISRAELI, M.P.</center> + +<p>The appearance of this New Edition at the present moment will doubtless be considered remarkably opportune, for the subjects of +which the work treats not only attract, but absorb the mind of the nation.</p> + +<p>"By far the most important work upon the important age of Charles I. that modern times have produced."—<i>Quarterly Review.</i></p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<center><span class="sc">Henry Colburn</span>, Publisher, 13. Great Marlborough Street.</center> + +<hr /> + +<center>Just Published,</center> + +<p>CHRISTMAS PRESENTS AND NEW-YEAR +GIFTS. A Series of Sixteen Interesting Designs, +illustrating TEARS, by <span class="sc">Miss Jessie Macleod</span>, with Descriptive +Poems.</p> + +<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> +<p>There is a fountain in the human heart</p> +<p>Whence every feeling of our nature flows;</p> +<p>Ofttimes the waters fall as years depart,</p> +<p>Yet leave the source where once their brightness rose;</p> +<p>Thus all our joys and sorrows, hopes and fears,</p> +<p>O'erflow the swelling breast, and find relief in tears.</p> +</div></div> + +<p>Elegantly bound, price 1<i>l.</i> 11<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> The Borders embellished +with gold, and extra bound in morocco, 2<i>l.</i> 2<i>s.</i></p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<center>By <span class="sc">Miss Girard</span>, beautifully coloured as the originals,</center> + +<center>FLOWERS OF SHAKSPEARE,</center> + +<center>FLOWERS OF MILTON,</center> + +<center>Price per Volume, 26<i>s.</i> cloth. Bound in morocco, 42<i>s.</i></center> + +<center>London: <span class="sc">Ackermann & Co</span>., 96. Strand.</center> + +<hr /> + +<p>TO FOREIGN BOOKSELLERS.—Four +Pounds are offered for a copy of an old German book, +printed at Tübingen by Erhardo Cellio in 1602, containing an +account of the Travels in England of Lord Frederick, Duke of +Württemburg and Teck, Count of Mümpelgart, &c. The +original title is not known. Address to J.O.H., care of Mr. +J. Russell Smith, 4. Old Compton Street, Soho Square, London.</p> + +<hr /> + +<center>44. Bedford Street, Strand.</center> + +<center>May now be had, price 6<i>d.</i>, or sent by Post on receipt of Twelve +Postage Stamps,</center> + +<p>B.R. WHEATLEY'S CATALOGUE FOR +1851 OF BOOKS IN LITERARY HISTORY AND +BIBLIOGRAPHY, interspersed with Works on a variety of +subjects likely to interest the Gatherer of Trifles in the pleasant +By-ways of History and Literature.</p> + +<hr /> + +<h4>SMITH, ELDER, & Co.'s NEW PUBLICATIONS.</h4> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<center>NEW CHRISTMAS BOOKS.</center> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<center><span class="sc">Mr. Thackeray's</span> New Christmas Book.</center> + +<p>THE KICKLEBURYS ON THE RHINE. +A New Picture Book, Drawn and Written by Mr. <span class="sc">M.A. +Titmarsh</span>. Price 5<i>s.</i> plain, 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> coloured. Now ready.</p> + +<hr /> + +<center>A New Fairy Tale.</center> + +<p>THE KING OF THE GOLDEN RIVER. +Or, <span class="sc">The Black Brothers</span>. With Illustrations by <span class="sc">Richard +Doyle</span>. Now ready.</p> + +<hr /> + +<center>NEW WORKS NOW READY.</center> + +<p>TABLE TALK. By <span class="sc">Leigh Hunt</span>. 1 vol. +crown 8vo., cloth gilt, price 7<i>s.</i></p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<center>PIQUE: <span class="sc">A Novel</span>. In 3 vols. post 8vo.</center> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<p>CONVERSATIONS OF GOETHE WITH +ECKERMANN. By <span class="sc">John Oxenford</span>. Translated from the +German. In 2 vols. post 8vo., cloth, price 24<i>s.</i></p> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<p>WUTHERING HEIGHTS AND AGNES +GREY. With a Selection of the Literary Remains of ELLIS +and ACTON BELL, and a Biographical Notice of both Authors +by <span class="sc">Currer Bell</span>. 1 vol. small post 8vo., cloth, price 6<i>s.</i></p> + +<center>London: <span class="sc">Smith, Elder, & Co.,</span> 65. Cornhill.</center> + +<hr /> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page504" id="page504"></a>{504}</span> + +<h2>NEW BOOKS</h2> + +<center>PUBLISHED OR SOLD BY</center> + +<h3>HENRY G. BOHN, YORK STREET, COVENT GARDEN.</h3> + +<hr class="short" /> + +<h4>JAMESON'S (MRS.) BEAUTIES OF THE COURT OF CHARLES THE SECOND;</h4> + +<p>Illustrating the Diaries of <span class="sc">Pepys, Evelyn, Clarendon, &c.</span> Imp. 8vo. Illustrated by Twenty-one Beautiful Portraits, comprising +the whole of the celebrated suite of Paintings by <span class="sc">Sir Peter Lely</span>, preserved at Hampton Court and the Windsor Gallery, extra cloth, +richly gilt back and sides, gilt edges, 1<i>l.</i> 5<i>s.</i>; or with India proof impressions of the Plates, 2<i>l.</i> 10<i>s.</i></p> + + +<h4>SILVESTRE'S UNIVERSAL PALEOGRAPHY;</h4> + +<p>Or, <span class="sc">Fac-similes of the Writings of every Age</span>, taken from the Most Authentic <span class="sc">Missals</span> and <span class="sc">Manuscripts</span>. Containing upwards +of Three Hundred large and beautifully executed Fac-similes, richly illuminated in the Finest Style of Art. 2 vols. atlas folio, half +Morocco extra, gilt edges, 31<i>l.</i> 10<i>s.</i></p> + + +<h4>MADDEN'S (SIR FREDERICK) UNIVERSAL PALEOGRAPHY,</h4> + +<p>From the French of BARON SILVESTRE. (Descriptive Letter press to the preceding Work.) 2 vols. royal 8vo. 1<i>l.</i> 16<i>s.</i> 1850.</p> + + +<h4>BARBER'S ISLE OF WIGHT.</h4> + +<p>Illustrated by Forty-five Fine Steel Plates, including a Portrait of Her Majesty, with a Map of the Island, and <span class="sc">Dr. Mantell's +Geological Map</span>. 8vo. A New and Improved Edition, completed to the Present Time, elegant, in cloth gilt, 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> 1850.</p> + +<p><big><sup>*</sup><sub>*</sub><sup>*</sup></big> The present Edition contains Two new and very accurate Views of Ryde from the Sea, a new View of Osborne, and every +possible Information up to September, 1850.</p> + + +<h4>PUGIN'S GLOSSARY OF ECCLESIASTICAL ORNAMENT AND COSTUME;</h4> + +<p>Setting forth the Origin, History, and Signification of the various Emblems, Devices, and Symbolical Colours peculiar to +Christian Design of the Middle Ages. Eighty Plates, splendidly printed in gold and colours, royal 4to. half morocco extra, 7<i>l.</i> 7<i>s.</i></p> + + +<h4>PUGIN'S NEW WORK ON FLORIATED ORNAMENT.</h4> + +<p>Thirty Plates splendidly printed in gold and colours, royal 4to. Elegantly bound in cloth, with rich gold ornaments, 3<i>l.</i> 3<i>s.</i></p> + + +<h4>BURKE'S ENCYCLOPÆDIA OF HERALDRY;</h4> + +<p>Or, <span class="sc">General Armoury of England, Scotland, and Ireland</span>, containing a very Comprehensive and Exact Account of the Arms +of English Families, with an Introduction to Heraldry, a Dictionary of Terms, and a Supplement. Imperial 8vo. (uniform with his +Peerage), 1<i>l.</i> 5<i>s.</i></p> + + +<h4>SKELTON'S POETICAL WORKS, BY DYCE.</h4> + +<p>2 vols. 8vo. (published at 1<i>l.</i> 12<i>s.</i>) cloth, 12<i>s.</i></p> + + +<h4>SHAKSPEARE LIBRARY,</h4> + +<p>Consisting of Romances, Novels, Poems and Histories used by Shakspeare as the Foundation of his Dramas, by PAYNE +COLLIER. 2 vols. 8vo. (published at 1<i>l.</i> 1<i>s.</i>) cloth, 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> + + +<h4>STRUTT'S DRESSES AND HABITS OF THE PEOPLE OF ENGLAND.</h4> + +<p>Edited by <span class="sc">J.R. Planché</span>, Esq, F.S.A. 2 vols. royal 4to. 153 Plates. 4<i>l.</i> 4<i>s.</i> Or, with the Plates coloured, 7<i>l.</i> 7<i>s.</i>; or, splendidly +illuminated in the Missal Style, 20<i>l.</i></p> + + +<h4>STRUTT'S ROYAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL ANTIQUITIES OF ENGLAND.</h4> + +<p>Royal 4to. Seventy-two Plates. 2<i>l.</i> 2<i>s.</i> Edited by <span class="sc">J.R. Planché</span> Esq. Or, with the Plates coloured, 4<i>l.</i> 4<i>s.</i>; or splendidly +illuminated, 12<i>l.</i> 12<i>s.</i></p> + + +<h4>BINGHAM'S ANTIQUITIES OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH.</h4> + +<p><span class="sc">New Edition</span>. 2 vols. imperial 8vo. 1<i>l.</i> 11<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> + + +<h4>BRYAN'S DICTIONARY OF PAINTERS AND ENGRAVERS.</h4> + +<p><span class="sc">New Edition</span>. Corrected, enlarged, and continued to the Present Time, by GEO. STANLEY, Esq. Imperial 8vo. (above 1000 pages). +With numerous Plates of Monograms, 2<i>l.</i> 2<i>s.</i></p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote1" name="footnote1"></a><b>Footnote 1: </b><a href="#footnotetag1">(return)</a><p><i>A Memorial for the Reformation in England</i>, by R.P. (Parsons), of which I have a well transcribed copy, is another. It was published by Gee.</p></blockquote> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<p>Printed by <span class="sc">Thomas Clark Shaw</span>, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5. New Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride +in the City of London, and published by <span class="sc">George Bell</span>, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish of St. Dunstan in +the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.—Saturday, December 21. 1850.</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of Project Gutenberg's Notes and Queries, 1850.12.21, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, 1850.12.21 *** + +***** This file should be named 24803-h.htm or 24803-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/2/4/8/0/24803/ + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, William Flis, Jonathan Ingram +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Library of Early +Journals.) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes and Queries, 1850.12.21 + A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, + Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc. + +Author: Various + +Editor: George Bell + +Release Date: March 11, 2008 [EBook #24803] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, 1850.12.21 *** + + + + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, William Flis, Jonathan Ingram +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Library of Early +Journals.) + + + + + +NOTES AND QUERIES: + +A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, +ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC. + + * * * * * + +"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE. + + * * * * * + +No. 60.] SATURDAY, DECEMBER 21. 1850. [Price Threepence. Stamped +Edition 4d. + + * * * * *{489} + + + +CONTENTS. + + Notes:-- Page + Division of Intellectual Labour 489 + On a Passage in "Love's Labour's Lost" 490 + Treatise of Equivocation 490 + Parallel Passages, by Albert Cohn 491 + Minor Notes:--True or False Papal Bulls--Burning Bush + of Sinai--The Crocodile--Umbrella--Rollin's Ancient + History, and History of the Arts and Sciences--MSS. + of Locke--The Letter [gh]--A Hint to Publishers 491 + Queries:-- + Bibliographical Queries 492 + Minor Queries:--Meaning of "Rab. Surdam"--Abbot Richard + of Strata Florida--Cardinal Chalmers--Armorial + Bearings--"Fiat Justitia"--Painting by C. Bega--Darcy + Lever Church--R. Ferrer--Writers on the + Inquisition--Buckden--True Blue--Passage in + "Hamlet"--Inventor of a secret Cypher--Fossil Elk of + Ireland--Red Sindon--Lights on the Altar--Child's + Book by Beloe 493 + Replies:-- + Mercenary Preacher, by Henry Campkin 495 + "The Owl is abroad," by Dr. E.F. Rimbault 495 + Old St. Pancras Church, by J. Yeowell 496 + Replies to Minor Queries:--Cardinal Allen's + Admonition--Bolton's Ace--Portrait of Cardinal + Beaton--"He that runs may read"--Sir George + Downing--Burning to Death, or Burning of the + Hill--The Roscommon Peerage--The Word "after" + in the Rubric--Disputed Passage in the + "Tempest"--Lady Compton's Letter--Midwives + licensed--Echo Song--The Irish Brigade--To save + one's bacon--"The Times" Newspaper and the Coptic + Language--Luther's Hymns--Osnaburg Bishopric--Scandal + against Queen Elizabeth--Pretended reprint of Ancient + Poetry--Martin Family--Meaning of "Ge-ho"--Lady Norton 497 + Miscellaneous:-- + Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &c. 501 + Books and Odd Volumes Wanted 501 + Notices to Correspondents 502 + Advertisements 502 + + * * * * * + + +Notes. + + +DIVISION OF INTELLECTUAL LABOUR. + +Every one confesses, I believe, the correctness of the _principle_ +called "Division of labour." But if any one would form an adequate +estimate of the ratio of the effect produced, in this way, to the +labour which is expended, let him consult Dr. Adam Smith. I think he +states, as an example, that a single labourer cannot make more than +ten pins in a day; but if eight labourers are employed, and each of +them performs one of the eight separate processes requisite to the +formation of a pin, there will not merely be eight times the number of +pins formed in a day, but nearly eighty times the number. (Not having +the book by me, I cannot be certain of the exact statistics.) + +If this principle is proved, then, to be of such extraordinary +utility, why should it not be made serviceable in other matters +besides the "beaver-like" propensity of amassing wealth and satisfying +our material desires? Why should not your periodical be instrumental +in transferring this invaluable principle to the labours of the +intellectual world? If your correspondents were to send you abstracts +or _precis_ of the books which they read, would there not accrue a +fourfold benefit? viz.: + +1. A division of intellectual labour; so that the amount of knowledge +available to each person is multiplied in an increasing ratio. + +2. Knowledge is thus presented in so condensed a form as to be more +easily comprehended at a glance; so that your readers can with greater +facility construct or understand the theories deducible from the whole +circle of human knowledge. + +3. Authors and inquiring men could tell, before expending days on the +perusal of large volumes, whether the _particulars_ which these books +contain would be suitable to the object they have in view. + +4. The unfair criticisms which are made, and the erroneous notions +diffused by interested reviewers, would in a great measure be +corrected, in the minds, at least, of your readers. + +You might object that such _precis_ would be as partial as the reviews +of which the whole literary world complain. But, in the first place, +these abstracts would be written by literary men who are not dependent +on booksellers for their livelihood, and would not therefore be likely +to write up trashy books or detract from the merit of valuable works, +for the sake of the book trade. And besides, your correspondents give +their articles under their signature, so that one could be openly +corrected by another who had read the same work. Again, it is only the +_leading idea_ of the book which you would require, and no attendant +praise or blame, neither eulogistic exordium nor useless appeals to +the reader. The author, moreover, might send you the skeleton of his +own book, and {490} you would of course give this the prior place in +your journal. + +Another objection is, that the length of such _precis_ would not +permit them to come within the limits of your work. But they _should +not_ be long. And even if one of them should take up four or five +pages, you could divide it between two or three successive numbers of +your periodical. And, besides, your work, by embracing this object, +would be greatly increased in utility; the number of your subscribers +would be multiplied, and the increased expense of publication would +thus be defrayed. + +But, if the advantages resulting from such a division of intellectual +labour would be as great as I fondly hope, I feel sure that the energy +and enterprise which caused you to give a tangible reality to your +scheme for "Notes and Queries" would also enable you to overcome all +difficulties, and answer all trifling objections. + +R.M. + + * * * * * + + +ON A PASSAGE IN LOVE'S LABOUR'S LOST. + +In _Love's Labour's Lost_, Act II. Sc. 1., Boyet, speaking of the King +of Navarre and addressing the Princess of France, says: + + "All his behaviours did make their retire + To the court of his eye, peeping thorough desire: + His heart, like an agate, with your print impressed, + Proud with his form, in his eye pride expressed: + His tongue, _all impatient to speak and not see_, + Did stumble with haste in his eyesight to be; + All senses to that sense did make their repair, + To feel only looking on fairest of fair." + +This speech is a remarkable specimen of the affected style of +compliment prevalent in the time of Elizabeth. The third couplet, at +first sight, appears to have a signification exactly opposed to that +which the context requires. We should expect, instead of "the tongue +all impatient _to speak_," to find "the tongue all impatient _to +see_." + +No one of the editors of Shakspeare appears to me to have given a +satisfactory explanation of this passage. I therefore venture to offer +the following. + +In the Latin poets (who in this followed the Greeks) we find +adjectives and participles followed by the genitive case and the +gerund in _di_. Thus in Horace we have "patiens pulveris atque solis," +"patiens liminis aut aquae coelestis," and in Silius Italicus (vi. +612.), "vetus bellandi." For other instances, see Mr. Baines' _Art of +Latin Poetry_, pp. 56-60. + +The Latin poets having taken this license, then proceeded a step +further, and substituted the infinitive mood for the gerund in _di_. +I cannot find any instance either of "patiens" or "impatiens" used +in this connection; but numerous instances of other adjectives and +participles followed by the infinitive mood may be found in pp. 68. to +73. of the _Art of Latin Poetry_. I cite two only, both from Horace: +"indocilis pauperiem pati," "quidlibet impotens sperare." + +Following these analogies, I suggest that the words "impatient to +speak and not see" mean "impatient of speaking (impatiens loquendi) +and not seeing," i.e., "dissatisfied with its function of speaking, +preferring that of seeing." + +This construction, at least, renders the passage intelligible. + +X.Z. + + * * * * * + + +TREATISE OF EQUIVOCATION. + +(Vol. ii., pp. 168. 446.) + +I feel greatly indebted to J.B. for a complete solution of the +question respecting this ambiguous book. Bewildered by the frequent +reference to it by nearly cotemporaneous writers, I had apprehended +it certain, that it had been a _printed_, if not a published work; and +that even a second edition had altered the title of the first. It is +now certain, that its existence was, and is, only _in manuscript_; +and that the alteration was intended only for its first impression, +if printed at all. It is a fact not generally known, that many papal +productions of the time were multiplied and circulated by copies +in MS.: Leycester's _Commonwealth_, of which I have a very neat +transcript, and of which many more are extant in different libraries, +is one proof of the fact.[1] I observe that in Bernard's very valuable +_Bibliotheca MSS., &c._, I had marked under _Laud Misc. MSS._, p. +62. No. 968. 45. _A Treatise against Equivocation or Fraudulent +Dissimulation_, what I supposed might be the work in request: but +being prepossessed with the notion that the work was in print, I did +not pursue any inquiry in that direction. I almost now suspect that +this is the very work which J.B. has brought to light. I had hoped +during the present year to visit the Bodleian, and satisfy myself with +an inspection of the important document. I am additionally gratified +with the information relative to the same subject by Mr. Sansom, p. +446. J.B. observes, that the MS. occupies sixty-six pages only. Will +no one have the charity for historic literature to make it a public +benefit? If with notes, so much the better. It is of far more +interest, as history is concerned, and that of our own country, than +many of the tracts in the Harleian or Somers' Collections. Parsons's +notice of it in his _Mitigation_, and towards the end, as if he was +just then made acquainted with it, is very {491} characteristic and +instructive. He knew of it well enough, but thought others might not. + +Again I say, why not print the work? + +J.M. + + [We have reason to believe that this important historical + document is about to be printed.] + +[Footnote 1: _A Memorial for the Reformation in England_, by R.P. +(Parsons), of which I have a well transcribed copy, is another. It was +published by Gee.] + + * * * * * + + +PARALLEL PASSAGES. + +In Shakspeare's _Henry IV._, Act V. Sc. 4., the Prince exclaims, +beholding Percy's corpse,-- + + "When that this body did contain a spirit, + A kingdom for it was too small a bound; + But now two paces of the vilest earth + Is room enough!" + +In Ovid we find the following parallel:-- + + "... jacet ecce Tibullus, + Vix manet e toto parva quod urna capit." + +A second one appears in the pretended lines on the sepulchre of Scipio +Africanus:-- + + "Cui non Europa, non obstitit Africa unquam, + Respiceres hominem, quem brevis urna premit." + +The same reflection we find in Ossian:-- + + "With three steps I measure thy grave, + O thou, so great heretofore!" + +It is very difficult indeed to determine in which of these passages +the leading thought is expressed best, in which is to be found the +most energy, the deepest feeling, the most touching shortness. I +think one should prefer the passage of Shakspeare, because the direct +mention of the corporal existence gives a magnificent liveliness to +the picture, and because the very contrast of the space appears most +lively by it; whereas, at the first reading of the other passages, it +is not the human being, consisting of body and soul, which comes in +our mind, but only the human spirit, of which we know already that it +cannot be buried in the grave. + +One of the most eminent modern authors seems to have imitated the +passage of Shakspeare's _Henry IV_. Schiller, in his _Jungfrau von +Orleans_, says:-- + + "Und von dem maecht'gen Talbot, der die Welt + Mit seinem Kriegeruhm fuellte, bleibet nichts + Als eine Hand voll leichten Staubs." + + (And of the mighty Talbot, whose warlike + Glory fill'd the world, nothing remains + But a handful of light dust.) + +Albert Cohn. + +Berlin. + + * * * * * + + +Minor Notes. + +_True or False Papal Bulls_.-- + + "Utrum bulla papalis sit vera an non. + + "Si vis scire utrum literae domini Papae sint veraces vel non, + numera punctos quae sunt in bulla. Et si inveneris circulum + ubi sunt capita apostolorum habentem 73 punctos, alium vero + circulum 46, alium super caput Beati Petri habentem 26, alium + super caput Sancti Pauli habentem 25 punctos, et punctos quae + sunt in barba 26, veraces sunt; alioquin falsae.--Sir Matthew + Hale's _Manuscripts_, Library of Lincoln's Inn, vol. lxxiii. + p. 176. + +To which may be added, that in digging for the foundations of the +new (or present) London Bridge, an instrument was dug up for +counterfeiting the seals or Bullae? Where is it now deposited? + +J.E. + + +_Burning Bush of Sinai._-- + + "Pococke asserts that the monks have planted in their garden + a bush similar to those which grow in Europe, and that by + the most ridiculous imposture, they hesitate not to affirm + that it is the same which Moses saw--the miraculous bush. + The assertion is false, and the alleged fact a mere + invention."--Geramb's _Pilgrimage to Palestine, &c._, English + trans. + +March 1. 1847. The bush was exhibited by two of the monks at the back +of the eastern apse of the church, but having its root within the +walls of the chapel of the burning bush. It was the common English +bramble, not more than two years old, and in a very sickly state, as +the monks allowed the leaves to be plucked by the English party then +in the convent. The plant grows on the mountain, and therefore could +be easily replaced. + +Viator. + + +_The Crocodile_ (Vol. ii., p. 277.).--February, 1847, a small +crocodile was seen in the channel, between the island of Rhoda and the +right bank of the Nile. + +Viator. + + +_Umbrella._--It was introduced at Bristol about 1780. A lady, now +eighty-three years of age, remembers its first appearance, which +occasioned a great sensation. Its colour was red, and it probably came +from Leghorn, with which place Bristol at that time maintained a great +trade. Leghorn has been called Bristol on a visit to Italy. + +Viator. + + +_Rollin's Ancient History, and History of the Arts and +Sciences._--Your correspondent Iota inquires (Vol. ii., p. 357.), +"How comes it that the editions" (of Rollin) "since 1740 have been +so castrated?" i.e. divested of an integral portion of the work, the +_History of the Arts and Sciences_. It is not easy to state _how_ +this has come to pass. During the last century comparatively little +interest was felt in the subjects embraced in the _History of the Arts +and Sciences_; and _probably_ the publishers might on that account +omit this portion, with the view of making the book cheaper and more +saleable. It is more difficult to assign any reason why Rollin's +Prefaces to the various sections of his _History_ should have been +mutilated and manufactured into a _general_ Introduction or Preface, +to make up which the whole of chap. iii. book x. was also taken out +of its proper place and order. A more remarkable instance of merciless +distortion of an {492} author's labours is not to be found in +the records of literature. Iota may take it as a fact--and that a +remarkable one--that since 1740 there had appeared no edition of +Rollin having any claim to integrity, until the one edited by Bell, +and published by Blackie, in 1826, and reissued in 1837. + +Veritas. + +Glasgow, Dec. 7. 1850. + + +_MSS. of Locke._--E.A. Sandford, Esq., of Nynehead, near Taunton, has +a number of valuable letters, and other papers, of Locke, and also an +original MS. of his _Treatise on Education_. Locke was much at Chipley +in that neighbourhood, for the possessor of which this treatise was, I +believe composed. + +W.C. Trevelyan. + + +_The Letter [gh]_.--Dr. Todd, in his _Apology for the Lollards_, +published by the Camden Society, alludes to the pronunciation of +the old letter [gh] in various words, and remarks that "it has +been altogether dropped in the modern spelling of [gh]erþ, 'earth,' +fru[gh]t, 'fruit,' [gh]erle, 'earl,' abi[gh]d, 'abide.'" The Doctor +is, however, mistaken; for I have heard the words "earl" and "earth" +repeatedly pronounced, in Warwickshire, _yarl_ and _yarth_. + +J.R. + + +_A Hint to Publishers_ (Vol. ii., p. 439.) reminds me of a particular +grievance in Alison's _History of Europe_. I have the first edition, +but delay binding it, there being no index. Two other editions have +since been published, possessing each an index. Surely the patrons +and possessors of the first have a claim upon the Messrs. Blackwood, +independent of the probability of its repaying them as a business +transaction. + +T.S. + + * * * * * + + +Queries. + +BIBLIOGRAPHICAL QUERIES. + +(Continued from p. 441.) + +(25.) Has there been but a single effort made to immortalise +among printers Valentine Tag? Mercier, Abbe de Saint-Leger, in his +_Supplement a l'Hist. de l'Imprimerie_, by Marchand, p. 111., accuses +Baron Heinecken of having stated that this fictitious typographer set +forth the _Fables Allemandes_ in 1461. Heinecken, however, had merely +quoted six German lines, the penultimate of which is + + "An Sant Valantinus Tag," + +intimating only that the work had been concluded on St. Valentine's +day. + +(26.) Can there be any more fruitful source of error with respect to +the age of early printed books than the convenient system of esteeming +as the primary edition that in which the date is for the first time +visible? It might be thought that experienced bibliographers would +invariably avoid such a palpable mistake; but the reverse of this +hypothesis is unfortunately true. Let us select for an example the +case of the _Vita Jesu Christi_, by the Carthusian Ludolphus de +Saxonia, a work not unlikely to have been promulgated in the infancy +of the typographic art. Panzer, Santander, and Dr. Kloss (189.) +commence with an impression at Strasburg, which was followed by one +at Cologne, in 1474. Of these the former is mentioned by Denis, and by +Bauer also (ii. 315.). Laire notes it likewise (_Ind. Par._, i. 543.: +cf. 278.), but errs in making Eggestein the printer, as no account +of him is discernible after 1472. (Meerman, i. 215.) Glancing at the +misconceptions of Maittaire and Wharton, who go no farther back than +the years 1478 and 1483 respectively, let us return to the suppressed +_editio princeps_ of 1474. De Bure (_Theol._, pp. 121-2.) records +a copy, and gives the colophon. He says, "Cette edition, qui est +l'originale de cet ouvrage, est fort rare;" and his opinion has been +adopted by Seemiller (i. 61.), who adds, "Litteris impressum est hoc +opus sculptis." In opposition to all these eminent authorities, I will +venture to express my belief that the earliest edition is one which +is _undated_. A volume in the Lambeth collection, without a date, and +entered in Dr. Maitland's _List_, p. 42., is thus described therein: +"Folio, eights, Gothic type, col. 57 lines;" and possibly the +printer's device (_List_, p. 348.) might be appropriated by I. +Mentelin, of Strasburg. To this book, nevertheless, we must allot a +place inferior to what I would bestow upon another folio, in which +the type is particularly Gothic and uneven, and in which each of the +double columns contains but forty-seven lines, and the antique initial +letters sometimes used are plainly of the same xylographic race as +that one with which the oldest _Viola Sanctorum_ is introduced. It +may be delineated, in technical terms, as being _sine loco, anno, +et nomine typographi. Car. sigg., paginarum num. et custodd. Vocum +character majusculus est, ater, crassus, et rudis._ Why should not +Mentz have been the birthplace of this book? for there it appears that +the author's MS. was "veneratione non parva" preserved, and there he +most probably died. I would say that it was printed between 1465 and +1470. It is bound up with a _Fasciculus Temporum_, Colon. 1479, which +looks quite modern when compared with it, and its beginning is: "De +Vita hiesu a venerabili viro fratro (_sic_) Ludolpho Cartusiensi edita +incipit feliciter." The leaves are in number forty-eight. At the end +of the book itself is, "Explicit vita ihesu." Then succeeds a leaf, +on the recto of which is a table of contents for the entire work +and after its termination we find: "Explicit vita cristi de quatuor +ewagelistis et expositone doctorum sanctorum sumpta." + +(27.) Upon what grounds should Mr. Bliss (Vol. ii., p. 463.) refuse to +be contented with the {493} very accurate reprint of Cardinal Allen's +_Admonition to the Nobility and People of England and Ireland_, with a +Preface by Eupator (the Rev. Joseph Mendham), London, Duncan, 1842? + +(28.) In an article on Ticknor's _History of Spanish Literature_, in +the _Quarterly Review_ for last September, p. 316, we read: + + "The second _Index Expurgatorius_ ever printed was the Spanish + one of Charles V. in 1546." + +Was the critic dreaming when he wrote these words? for, otherwise, how +could he have managed to compress so much confusion into so small a +space? To say nothing of "the _second_" Expurgatory Index, the _first_ +was not printed until 1571; and this was a _Belgic_, not a "_Spanish_ +one." It is stamped by its title-page as having been "in Belgia +concinnatus," and it was the product of the press of Plantin, at +Antwerp. With regard to the _Indices Expurgatorii_ of Spain, the +earliest of them was prepared by the command of Cardinal Quiroga, and +issued by Gomez, typographer-royal at Madrid, in 1584. The copy in +my hand, which belonged to Michiels, is impressed with his book-mark +"premiere edition." Will the writer in the _Quarterly Review_ +henceforth remember that an _Expurgatory_ Index is essentially +different from one of the _Prohibitory_ class? But even though he +should faithfully promise to bear this fact in mind, his misreport as +to the year "1546" must not remain uncensured; for this was not the +date of the "second" appearance of an imperial _mandement_. There was +an ordinance published for the restraint of the press, not only in +1544, but also in 1540, and even in 1510. For the last, see Panzer, +vii. 258. + +(29.) What is the nearest approach to certainty among the attempts +successfully to individuate the ancient relater of _Mirabilia Romae_? +That he lived in the thirteenth century seems to be admitted; and the +work, as put forth in Montfaucon's _Diarium Italicum_ (pp. 283-298.), +will be found to differ considerably from the edition, in 12mo. with +the arms of Pope Leo X. on the title-page. + +(30.) "_Antiquitas Saeculi Juventus Mundi._"--The discussion in your +pages (Vol. ii., pp. 218. 350. 395. 466.) of the origin of this +phrase has so distinctly assumed a bibliographical aspect, that I +feel justified on the present occasion in inquiring from your various +correspondents whether, while they have been citing Bacon and Bruno, +Whewell and Hallam, they have lost sight of the beautiful language of +the author of the Second Book of Esdras (chap. xiv. 10.)? + + "The world hath lost his youth, and the times begin to wax + old." + + "Saeculum perdidit juventutem suam, et tempora appropinquant + senescere."--_Biblia_, ed. Paris, 1523. + +R.G. + + * * * * * + + +Minor Queries. + +_Rab. Surdam, Meaning of._--The eccentric but clever and learned +William Nicol, one of the masters of the High School of Edinburgh, and +noted as the friend of Burns, was the son of a poor man, a tailor, +in the village of Ecclefechan, in Dumfriesshire. He erected, over +the grave of his parents, in Hoddam churchyard, a _throuch stone_, or +altar-formed tomb, bearing the words + +"RAB. SURDAM." + +Query the meaning of these mystical characters? + +Edinensis. + + +_Abbot Richard of Strata Florida._--Can you or any of your antiquarian +readers solve me the following. It is stated in vol. i. p. 100. of +Lewis Dwnn's _Heraldic Visitation into Wales, &c._, art. "Williames of +Ystradffin in the county of Caermarthen":-- + + "William ab Thomas Goch, Esq., married Joan, daughter and + sole heiress to Richard the Abbot of Strata Florida, county of + Cardigan (temp. Henry VII.), son of David ab Howel of Gwydyr, + North Wales." + +From this I naturally expected to find some connecting link between +the Abbot and the ancient family of Wynn of Gwydyr, derived from +Rhodri Lord of Anglesey. In their lineage, however, the name of David +ab Howel does not occur; but about the aforesaid period one of their +progenitors named Meredith ab Sevan, it is stated, purchased Gwydyr +from a David ab Howel Coytmore, derived through the Lord of Penymachno +from Prince David, Lord of Denbigh, the ill-fated brother of Llewelyn, +last sovereign prince of North Wales. Is it not therefore likely that +the said Abbot Richard was son to the above David ab Howel (Coytmore), +the ancient proprietor of Gwydyr; that his surname was Coytmore; +and the arms he bore were those of his ancestor David Goch, Lord of +Penymachno, viz., Sa. a lion ramp., ar. within a bordure engr. or. + +W.G.S.J. + + +_Cardinal Chalmers._--Can any of your readers give me some information +about a Cardinal Chalmers,--whether there ever was a cardinal of the +name, and where I could find some account of him? I have the boards of +an old book on which are stamped in gilding the Chalmers arms, with +a cardinal's hat and tassels over them. If I remember correctly, +the arms are those of the family of Chalmers, of Balnacraig, in +Aberdeenshire. + +I have some reason to believe that the boards were purchased at the +sale of the author of _Caledonia_. + +S.P. + + +_Armorial Bearings_ (Vol. ii., p. 424.).--My note of the coat-armour +in question stands thus: "Three bars between ten bells, four, +three, two, and one." And I have before now searched in vain for its +appropriation. I am consequently obliged to {494} content myself with +the supposition that it is a corruption, as it may easily be, of the +coat of Keynes, viz. "vair, three bars gules," the name of the wife of +John Speke, the great-great-grandfather of Sir John Speke, the founder +of the chapel; and this is the more probable as the arms of Somaster, +the name of his grandfather's wife, appear also in the roof of the +same chapel. + +J.D.S. + + [J.D.S. is right in his blazon; and we had been requested by + J.W.H. to amend his Query respecting this coat.--ED.] + + +"_Fiat Justitia_"--Who is the author of the apothegm-- + + "Fiat justitia, ruat coelum?" + +J.E.B. MAYOR. + + +_Painting by C. Bega_.-- + + "Wy singen vast wat nieus, en hebben noch een buyt, + Een kraekling, is ons winst, maet tliedtkenmoet eerst wt." + +I have a small oil painting on oak panel which bears the above +inscription. The subject of the painting is a boy, who holds in his +hands a song, which he appears to be committing to memory, whilst +another boy is looking at the song over his shoulder. "C. Bega" is +written on the back of the picture-frame, that evidently being the +artist's name. I shall feel obliged by your translating the above two +lines for me, and also for information as to "C. Bega." + +W.E. Howlett. + +Kirton. + + +_Darcy Lever Church._--On the line of railway from Normanton to Bolton +there is a small station called Darcy Lever. + +The church there struck me, on a casual view, as one of the most +beautiful examples of ecclesiastical architecture which I have ever +seen, and I should therefore like very much to know the date of the +structure, and, if possible, the architect. + +The singularity which attracts attention is the delicate tracery of +the spire, which I should wish to see largely imitated. + +E. + + +_R. Ferrer._--I have a drawing, _supposed_ to be of Sir W. Raleigh +by himself when in the Tower: it came from Daniel's _History of Henry +VII._, and below it was written, + + "R. Ferrer, + Nec Prece nec Pretio." + +Could the "Notes and Queries" ask if anything is known of this R.F.? + +H.W.D. + + +_Writers on the Inquisition._--In the English edition of Voltaire's +_Philosophical Dictionary_, article "Inquisition," I find, among other +authors on that subject who are quoted, Hiescas Salazar, Mendoca +(sic: Query, Salasar y Mendoca?), Fernandez, Placentinus, Marsilius, +Grillandus, and Locatus. Can any of your bibliographical friends give +me any information as to these authors or their works? Let me at the +same time ask information respecting Bordoni, the author of _Sacrum +Tribunal Indicum in causis sanctae fidei contra Hereticos, &c._, Rome, +1648. + +Iota. + + +_Buckden_ (Vol. ii., p. 446.).--Will M.C.R. explain his allusion to +"the abbot's house" at Buckden. I am not aware of Buckden having +been the seat of a monastic establishment. Perhaps what he calls "the +abbot's house" is part of the palace of the bishops of Lincoln. + +C.H. Cooper. + +Cambridge, December 2. 1850. + + +_True Blue._--Query the origin of the term "True Blue." After the +lapse of a few years it seems to have been applied indifferently to +Presbyterians and Cavaliers. An amusing series of passages might be +perhaps gathered exemplifying its use even to the present time. The +colour and "cry" True Blue are now almost monopolised by the Tory +party, although there are exceptions--Westmoreland and Yorkshire, for +instance. + +Viator. + + +_Passage in Hamlet._--In Mr. C. Knight's "Library," "Pictorial," and +"Cabinet" editions of Shakspeare, the following _novel_ reading is +given without note or comment to say why the universally received text +has been altered. It occurs in _Hamlet_, Act I. Sc. 7. + + _Ham._ "Staid it long? + _Hor._ "While one with _modern_ haste might tell a hundred." + +As Mr. Knight is now publishing a "National" edition of Shakspeare, +perhaps you will allow me through your pages to ask for his authority +for this change of "moderate" to "modern," in order that his new +reading may either be justified or abandoned. + +J.J.M. + + +_Inventor of a secret Cypher._--I think that there was in the +fifteenth century a Frenchman so profound a calculator that he +discovered for the King of France a secret cypher, used by the court +of Spain. I saw a notice of him in Collier's great _Dictionary_, but +have forgotten him, and should like to renew my acquaintance. + +Tyro-Etymologicus. + + +_Fossil Elk of Ireland._--Can any of your learned readers give me +information on the fossil elk of Ireland--_Cervus Megaceros_, +_Cervus Giganteus_ of Goldsmith? It is stated to be found in various +countries, as France, Germany, and Italy, besides England and Ireland. +In the Royal Dublin Society museum there is, I am told, a rib of this +animal which has the appearance of having been wounded by some sharp +instrument, which remained long fixed in the bone, but not so deeply +as to affect the creature's life. It seemed to be such a wound as the +head of an arrow would produce. + +It has been by some thought to be the "Sech" of Celtic tradition. I +have learned that the last specimen was shot so lately as 1533, and +that a {495} figure of the animal, mistaken for the common elk, is, +engraved in the November Chronicle. Now I should feel exceedingly +obliged if any information could be rendered me on the matters stated +above, as I am most anxious to collect all possible information +regarding this most noble species of the Dama tribe. + +W.R.C. (a Subscriber). + +Exeter, Nov. 1850. + + +_Red Sindon_ (Vol. ii., p. 393.).--Will Mr. Planche be so good as to +say what the _red sindon_ of the chamber of Philippa was? + +B.W. + + +_Lights on the Altar._--1. What evidence is there that in the British +or Saxon churches lights were burned on the altar at the time of the +eucharist? + +2. Are there any Canons of these churches, sanctioning the practice? + +3. What evidence is there of any other service or solemnity, where +lights were burned in the day-time in these churches. + +D. Sholbus. + + +_Beloe, Child's Book by._--In the _Sexagenarian_, by Beloe, is the +following passage: + + "In four mornings he (Rev. W. Beloe) wrote a book which + he intended as an amusement for his children. Some friends + recommended him to print it, and though many years have + elapsed since it was written, it still continues so great a + favourite with younger readers, that an edition is every year + published." + +Can any of your readers inform me the name of the book here alluded +to; and who was the publisher? + +F.B. Relton + + * * * * * + + +Replies. + +MERCENARY PREACHER. + +In reply to a Query as to the meaning of this epithet in an obituary +notice, quoted, in Vol. i, p. 384., your correspondent Arun suggests, +in the same volume, p. 489., that it was most likely "used in its +primary signification, and in the sense in which we still apply it +to troops in the pay of a state, foreign to their own." I cannot help +thinking, that by the designation _mercenary_ was implied something +more disreputable than that merely of "one who, having no settled +cure, was at liberty to be 'hired;'" and in this I am borne out by +Chaucer, no mean authority, who, in his well-known picture of the +parson, in the Prologue to the _Canterbury Tales_, amongst the various +items of piety and virtuousness with which, in that inimitable piece +of character-painting, he credits the "pore persoun of a toun," +distinctly states (I quote Mr. Wright's Percy Society edition),-- + + "He was a Schepperde and no _mercenarie_." + +Now this emphatic disclaimer shows clearly enough that when Chaucer +wrote, to be a _mercenary preacher_ was not, in _reputation_ at least, +a desirable position; and whether some two centuries and a half later, +the appellation became less objectionable, is a question not unworthy +of elucidation. No lengthened transcript is needed from so popular a +description; its whole spirit is directed not only against hirelings, +but also against non-residents:-- + + "He sette not his benefice to huyre, + And lefte his scheep encombred in the myre; + * * * * * + But dwelte at hoom and kepte wel his folde." + +Neither hireling nor non-resident found favour in Chaucer's eyes. They +could have very little in common with one whom he says:-- + + "But Criste's lore, and his apostles twelve, + He taught, but first he folwed it himselve." + +The _date_ of the obituary quoted, 1646, lends, too some force to the +supposition that "old Mr. Lewis" was, vulgarly speaking, "no better +than he ought to be." Milton not many years afterwards published his +memorable philippic _On the likeliest Means to remove Hirelings out +of the Church_; and after all allowance is made for the sternness of +the Puritan poet's theology, there would still remain enough to show +that his fiercely eloquent tract might well have been called forth +by the presence in the church of an overweening army of "Mercenary +Preachers." Further space, however, need not now be trenched on; +but should any new facts be adduced by some of your correspondents +illustrative of the curious entry referred to, I am sure they will +be welcomed by all your readers, and by none more than by yours, +obediently, + +Henry Campkin. + +Reform Club, Dec. 2. 1850. + + * * * * * + + +"THE OWL IS ABROAD." + +(Vol. ii., p. 393.) + +A.R. asks, "On what ground is the base song, 'The Owl is abroad' +attributed to Henry Purcell?" To which I reply, the mistake--for +_mistake_ it is--originated with Dr. Clarke (afterwards Clarke +Whitfield), who inserted it in his _Beauties of Purcell_. How little +this musician knew of the "beauties" of Purcell is exhibited in +his work; and how little he knew of the style and peculiarities of +the music of the period, is shown by his insertion of the song in +question. Dr. Clarke's mistake is noticed in the late William Linley's +elegant work entitled _Shakspeare's Dramatic Songs_, vol. i. p. 6. His +words are these: + + "In regard to the _Tempest_ music of Mr. Smith, it has been + put to a strange medley of words; some of them are, however by + Shakspeare; but they do not appear to come the brighter from + the polish it was his design to give them; here and there we + have a flash or two, but they must ever be vainly opposed to + Purcell's pure and steady light. The song of 'No More {496} + Dams,' is however an excellent one, and it has been selected + accordingly. The other song, 'The Owl is abroad,' is also + characteristic, but the words are not Shakspeare's. The last + air has been inserted in Dr. Clarke's _Beauties of Purcell_, + as Purcell's. _This is a mistake, which, in justice to Smith, + should be rectified._" + +Your correspondent also refers to Mr. G. Hogarth's _Memoirs of the +Musical Drama_, as an authority for attributing the song in question +to Purcell. Mr. Hogarth's work, I am sorry to say, can never be +depended upon as to facts. It is almost entirely made up from +_second-hand_ authorities; consequently blunders of the greatest +magnitude occur in every chapter. It has the merit of being a +well-written and an entertaining book; but here any praise must end. + +A.R. speaks of having referred to Purcell's _Tempest_. I must beg to +correct him in this statement, as no _complete_ copy of that work +(my own excepted) is known to exist. Goodeson's (printed at the end +of the last century) is the only copy approaching to anything like +completeness, and that is very unlike Purcell's _Tempest_. Did A.R. +find in Purcell's _Tempest_ the music of the beautiful lyric, "Where +the Bee sucks?" No. Yet Purcell composed music to it. The absence, +then, of "The Owl is abroad," is no proof that Purcell did not write +music for that song also. + +But, in the present case, A.R. may rest assured that the song about +which he inquires is the veritable composition of John Christopher +Smith. + +Edward F. Rimbault. + + * * * * * + + +OLD ST. PANCRAS CHURCH. + +Your correspondent Stephen (Vol. ii., p. 407.) asks for information +respecting the "Gospel Oak Tree at Kentish Town." Permit me to +connect with it another Query relative to the foundation of the +old St. Pancras Church, as the period of its erection has hitherto +baffled research. From the subjoined extracts, it appears to be of +considerable antiquity. The first extract is from a MS. volume which +I purchased at the sale of the library of the Rev. H.F. Lyte (Lot +2578.), entitled,-- + + "Spicilegium: or A Brief Account of Matters relating to the + ecclesiastical Politie of the British Church, compiled from + Histories, Councils, Canons, and Acts of Parliament," A.D. + 1674. + +It was apparently written for publication, but is without name +or initials. At p. 21. the writer, after giving an account of the +foundation of the cathedral church of Canterbury, goes on to say,-- + + "Without the walls, betwixt the Cathedral and St. Martin's + Church, stood an idol temple, which, with the leave and + goodwill of King Ethelbert, St. Augustine purged, and then + consecrated it to the memory of St. Pancras the martyr, and + after prevailed with the king to found a monastery there for + the monks, in honour of the two prime apostles, St. Peter and + Paul, appointing it to be the burial-place of the _Kentish_ + Kings, as also for his successors in that see. The like + to this was Pancras Church, near London, otherwise called + _Kentish_ Church, which some ignorantly imagine was the mother + of St. Paul's Church in London. I rather think it might be + the burying-place belonging to the church of St. Paul, before + Cuthbert, Archbishop of Canterbury, obtained leave of the Pope + to bury in cities. And in imitation of that at Canterbury, + this near London was dedicated to St. Pancras and called + _Kentish_ Church." + +Connected with the Query of Stephen, it is worthy of notice that +St. Augustine held a conference with the Cambrian bishops at a place +called by Bede, Augustine's Ac, or Oak, on the borders of the Weccii +and West Saxons, probably near Austcliffe, in Gloucestershire (Bede's +_Eccles. Hist._ lib. ii. c. 2.). + +_Norden_, who wrote in the reign of Elizabeth, in his _Speculum +Britainniae_, says that-- + + "The church of St. Pancras standeth all alone, as utterly + forsaken, old and weather-beaten, which, for the antiquitie + thereof, is thought not to yield to Paule's of London." + +which idea is repeated by _Weever_. And in the year 1749, some unknown +poet, soliloquising upon the top of Primrose Hill, bursts out into +the following rapturous musing at the sight of "the old weather-beaten +church" in the distance.-- + + "The rev'rend spire of ancient Pancras view, + To ancient Pancras pay the rev'rence due; + _Christ's sacred altar there, first Britain saw_, + And gaz'd, and worshipp'd, with an holy awe, + Whilst pitying heav'n diffus'd a saving ray, + And heathen darkness changed to Christian day." + +_Gentleman's Mag._, xiv. 276. + +Perhaps some of the gentlemen now engaged in compiling historical +notices of the parish of St. Pancras will be able to dispel the +Cimmerian darkness which at present envelopes the consecration of the +old church. + +The late Mr. Smith, author of _Nollekins and his Times_, made some +collections towards a History of St. Pancras. Query, What has become +of them? + +J. Yeowell. + +Hoxton. + + +_Old St. Pancras Church_ (Vol. ii., p. 464.)--In a note in Croker's +edition of Boswell's _Johnson_ (8vo. 1848, p. 840.), Mr. Markland +says, that the reason assigned by your correspondent, and in the +text of Boswell, for the preference given by the Roman Catholics to +this place of burial, rests, as he had learned from unquestionable +authority, upon no foundation; "that mere prejudice exists amongst the +Roman Catholics in favour of this church, as is the case with respect +to other places of burial in various parts of the kingdom." Mr. +Markland derived his information from the late {497} Dr. Bramston, Mr. +Charles Butler, and Mr. Gage Rokewoode. + +S.D. + + * * * * * + + +Replies to Minor Queries. + + +_Cardinal Allen's Admonition_ (Vol. ii., p. 463.).--In the Grenville +Library, at the British Museum, there is a copy of this work, which I +happen to have seen only a few hours before I read Mr. Bliss's Query. +Mr. Mendham's reprint of the _Admonition_, published by Duncan in +1842, appeared to me to be remarkably accurate, from a hasty collation +which I made of some parts of it with the original. The Grenville +copy was formerly Herbert's, and may possible be the same which was +sold for 35s. in Mr. Caldecott's sale in 1832. Connected with this +_Admonition_ of Cardinal Allen, there is another question of some +interest. In Bohn's Guinea Catalogue, No. 16,568., was a broadside, +there said to be _unknown and unique_, and entitled _A Declaration of +the Sentence and Deposition of Elizabeth, the Usurper and pretended +Queen of England_. This was drawn up by Cardinal Allen, and printed +at Antwerp; and copies were intended to be distributed in England upon +the landing of the Spanish Armada. Can any of your readers inform me +who is the present possessor of the document referred to, or whether +it has ever been reprinted, or referred to by any writer? Antony Wood, +I am aware, refers to the document, but it is plain that he never saw +it. + +H.P. + + +_Bolton's Ace_ (Vol. ii., p. 413.).--Ray's anecdote concerning the +proverb, "Bate me an ace, quoth Bolton," is perhaps more correctly +told in the _Witty Aunsweres and Saiengs of Englishmen_ (Cotton MS. +Jul. F. x.): + + "William Paulett, Marques of Wynchester and Highe Treasurer + of Engelande, being presented by John Heywoode with a booke, + asked hym what yt conteyned? and when Heywoode told him 'all + the proverbs in Englishe.' 'What all?' quoth my Lorde; 'No, + _Bate me an ace, quoth Bolton_, is that in youre booke?' 'No, + by my faith, my Lorde, I thinke not,' annswered Heywoode." + +The "booke" presented by Heywoode to the Marquis of Winchester was _A +Dialogue contayning in Effect the Number of all the Proverbes in the +English Tongue compact in a Matter concerning two Marriages; first +printed by Berthelet in_ 1546. In 1556 it was "Newly overseen and +somewhat augmented." A copy of the latter is in the British Museum. + +John Bolton, from whom the proverb derives its origin, was one of +Henry VIII.'s "diverting vagabonds." He is several times mentioned +as winning money from the king at cards and dice in one of the _Royal +Household Books_. + +It is but right that I should give this information to your +correspondent "T. Cr.", as I have omitted to "note it" in my reprint +of Hutton's curious tract. + +Edward F. Rimbault. + + +_Cardinal Beaton_ (Vol. ii., p. 433.).--In Smith's _Iconographia +Scotica_ is a portrait of Beaton said to be painted by Vandyke, and +evidently the one engraved in Lodge. It is accompanied by a memoir, +which would probably be of use to Scotus, as it contains references to +a great number of authorities used in its compilation. If Scotus has +not met with this, and will send me his address I will forward to him +the leaves containing the life. + +John I. Dredge. + +Pateley Bridge. + + +_Portrait of Cardinal Beaton_ (Vol. ii., p. 433.).--In No. 57. +allusion is made to the portrait of Cardinal Beaton, now at Blairs +College, near Aberdeen. In Fyvie Castle, Aberdeenshire, where one +of the copies of this portrait, from the easel of James Giles, Esq., +R.S.A., now is, there are some manuscripts of Abbe Macpherson (who +sent the Blairs picture to this country), purchased at the sale of +the late Mr. Chalmers, author of _Caledonia_. Among them there might +possibly be some which might tend to confirm the authenticity of the +original painting. + +S.P. + + +"_He that runs may read_" (Vol. ii., pp. 374. 439.).--It is idle to +prolong this controversy. I think it is no interpretation of part +of ver. 2., chap. ii, Habakkuk. Nor do I believe that it has any +reference to it. But it is obviously a favourite poetic quotation, and +your readers will find it at line 80, in Cowper's _Tirocinium, or A +Review of Schools_. + +J.G.H. + +Pimlico. + + +_Sir George Downing_ (Vol. ii., p. 464.).--Particulars respecting the +first Sir George Downing may be found in Wood's _Athenae Oxonienses_, +ii. 27. 758, 759.; Wotton's _English Baronetage_, iv. 415.; +_Parliamentary History of England_, xix. 411. 465. 499.; _Continuation +of the Life of Edward Earl of Clarendon_, royal 8vo. edit., 1116, +1117. 1165-1170, Burnet's _History of his own Time_, ed. 1838, 136.; +Heath's _Chronicle_, 2nd edit., 448. 528, 529, 530. 582.; _Personal +History of Charles II_. (at end of Bohn's edition of _Grammont_), +431.; Lister's _Life of Clarendon_, ii. 231-255. 268-271. 311-315. +(Mr. Lister's third volume contains numerous letters to and from Sir +George Downing); Vaughan's _Protectorate of Cromwell_, i. 227. 255, +256. 264. 266. 268., ii. 299. 317. 433.; Courtenay's _Memoirs of Sir +W. Temple_, i. 117. 264. 269.; Pepys's _Diary_; and Evelyn's _Diary_. + +Wotton was not acquainted with the fact stated by your correspondent, +that "the family is of most ancient origin in Devonshire." Wotton +states, and apparently on good authority, that the first of the family +of whom he had found mention, was Godfrey Downing, of the county of +the city of {498} _Norwich_, who had a son, Arthur Downing, of the +county of _Norfolk_, whose son, Calybut (the grandfather of the first +Sir George), was of Shennington, in _Gloucestershire_. + +Mr. Sims, in his _Index to the Heralds' Visitations_, refers to +pedigrees and arms of the family of Downing under _Buckinghamshire_, +_Essex_, and _Norfolk_. + +C.H. Cooper. + +Cambridge, December 9. 1850. + + +_Burning to Death, or Burning of the Hill_ (Vol. ii., p. 441.).--The +following extract from Collinson's _Somerset_, vol. iii. p. 374., +where it is quoted from the _Laws of the Miners of Mendip_, 1687, may +throw some light upon the incidents referred to by J.W.H.:-- + + "Among certain laws by which the miners were anciently + regulated is the following, viz.: + + "'That if any man of that occupation do pick or steal any lead + or ore to the value of thirteen pence halfpenny, the lord or + his officer may arrest all his lead and ore, house and hearth, + with all his goods, grooves, and works, and keep them as + forfeit to his own use; and shall take the person that hath so + offended, and bring him where his house and work, and all his + tools and instruments belonging to the same occupation, are; + and put him into his house or work, and set every thing on + fire about him, and banish him from that occupation before all + the miners for ever.'--_Laws of the Miners of Mendip_, 1687. + + "This is called _Burning of the Hill_." + +It is to be hoped that any of the readers of "Notes and Queries" +resident among this mining population (who are said to retain many +other ancient and remarkable customs), and possessing any information +in illustration of it, will record it in your columns. + +William J. Thoms. + + +_The Roscommon Peerage_ (Vol. ii., p. 469.).--My attention has been +called to an article in No. 58. respecting the descendants of the +first Earl of Roscommon. + +As I am very interested in the subject, I beg An Hiberian, should this +meet his eye, to allow me to correspond with him. + +He is quite right as to the old tombstone. When I was a boy, some five +or six and forty years ago, my father, one day as we were passing by +the churchyard, mentioned that stone to me; but as I had then several +cousins living whose claims were prior to mine, the matter made but +little impression upon my mind. + +My father was Thomas, the second son of Garrett, who was the son of +Thomas, down to whom the genealogy from the first Earl was traced upon +the stone. + +That stone and another, as I learn, were removed and destroyed, or +concealed, many years ago, doubtless through some interested motive; +and, unfortunately, no copies of the inscriptions have, that I can +discover, been preserved by any branch of the family. + +When the late Earl became a claimant, it was not known whether +the descendants of Patrick, my father's elder brother, who had all +emigrated, were living or dead; which circumstance, it was considered, +would be an impediment to my claim. + +Besides which it was also thought, the testimony on the stone having +been lost, that the traditions in the family would not be sufficient +to establish a claim: under these circumstances I refrained from +coming forward to oppose the claims of the late Earl. But now, as +it is believed that there are none of my cousins living, I am +endeavouring to collect evidence in support of my claim; and proof of +what your correspondent states would be exceedingly useful. + +Garrett Dillon, M.D. + +8. Queen's Parade, Bath. + + +_The Word "after" in the Rubric_ (Vol. ii., p. 424.).--In the edition +of the _Latin Common Prayer_, published in 12mo., Londini, 1574, which +must be a very early edition (probably the fourth or fifth), there is +a great verbal difference in the conclusion of the exhortation from +the English original. It stands thus: + + "Quapropter omnes vos qui praesentes hic adestis, per Dei nomen + obtestor, ut interni sensus vestri, cum meo conjuncti pariter, + ad caelestis clementiae thronum subvolent, ut in hunc, qui + sequitur, sermonem, succedatur." + +Then follows the rubric, "Generalis confessio, ab universa +congregatione dicenda, genibus flexis." It would appear from this, +that the confession was repented at the same time by the minister and +the congregation, and not by the congregation after the minister. + +Of the authenticity of this edition there can be no doubt. It bears +the royal arms on the titlepage, and is printed "Cum privilegio Regiae +majestatis. Excudebat Thomas Vautrollerius." I have not seen the +earlier editions. A Greek version was printed with the Latin, in one +volume, one year before; and the Latin was republished in 1584. The +edition of 1574 was printed before the Catechism was completed by the +questions on the sacraments. In the rubrics of the Lord's Prayer, in +the Post Communion, and in the last prayers the Commination Service, +the word _after_ is rendered by _post_. + +The difference between the Latin and the English in the exhortation +is very remarkable, for it does not make the priest dictate the +confession, but repeat it with them; whereas the English services of +Edward and Elizabeth, unaltered in any subsequent editions, distinctly +make the priest dictate the confession. There can be no doubt about +the sense of the word _after_, when we find it in the rubrics of the +Post Communion and Commination translated _post_. Some of your readers +may be able to give an account of the Latin versions, and explain by +what influence the alteration {499} was made, and how it came to be +sanctioned, while the English remained unchanged. + +E.C.H. + + +_Disputed Passage in the Tempest_ (Vol. ii., pp. 259. 299. 337. +429.).--Allow me to remind Mr. George Stephens, who takes credit for +adhering to the "primitive" text of a certain disputed passage in +the _Tempest_, that neither he nor any one else does so; that the +"primitive" text, that is, the text of the first folio, is mere +nonsense, and that he simply adopts the first attempt at correction, +instead of the second, or the third, or the fourth. + +Enough has been written, perhaps, on the meaning of this passage; and +opinion will always be divided between those who adopt the prosaical, +and those who prefer the more poetical reading: but when Mr. Stephens +says the construction is merely an instance of a "common ellipsis," +I cannot but think it would be an advantage if he would inform us +whether he uses this term in its common acceptation, and if so, if he +would give the meaning stated at first. If this be a common ellipsis, +I must confess myself to be so stupid as not to understand it. + +I dissent, too, altogether from the opinion that the comma is of +any importance in the construction of this passage. Assuming, as one +correspondent says, and as Mr. Stephens (for I don't quite understand +his brief judgment) seems to say, that "_most busie least_" means +_least busy_, the placing a comma between "least" and the conjunction +"when" can in no way affect the sense, though, as a matter of taste, I +should decidedly object to it. + +To show that I am not wedded to any particular interpretation, I have +another suggestion to make which has struck me even while writing. +Taking "lest" for _least_, can it have been used for _at least_, or as +some people say, _leastwise_? The sense would still be the same as I +have contended for, expressed something like this: "But these sweet +thoughts do even refresh my labours: at least they are most busy when +I forget myself in my occupation." + +Samuel Hickson. + + +_Lady Compton's Letter_ (Vol. ii., p. 424.).--Mr. C.H. Cooper inquires +whether this letter appeared before 1839? Gifford gives an extract +from it in Massinger's _City Madam_, Act II., where the daughters of +Sir John Frugal make somewhat similar stipulations from their suitors. +When speaking of this letter as "a modest and consolatory one," +Gifford adds, "it is _yet extant_." The editor of a work entitled +_Relics of Literature_ (1823) gives it at length, with this reference, +"Harleian MSS. 7003." The property of Lady Compton's father, Sir John +Spencer, is stated variously from 300,000l. to 800,000l. In this case, +riches brought with them their customary share of anxieties. Lysons, +in his _Environs of London_, informs us that a plot was actually laid +for carrying off the wealthy merchant from his house at Canonbury, by +a pirate of Dunkirk, in the hope of obtaining a large ransom. + +J.H.M. + + +_Midwives licensed_ (Vol. ii., p. 408.).--I have a manuscript volume +which belonged to Bishop Warburton, and apparently to other Bishops +of Gloucester before him; containing, amongst other Pontificalia, in +writing of various ages, a number of forms of licences, among which +occurs "Licentia Obstetricis," whereby the bishop + + "eandem A.B. ad exercendam Artem et Officium Obstetricis in et + per totam Diocesin Gloucestrensem praedietam admisit et Literas + Testimoniales superiade fieri decrevit." + +There is no mention of charms or incantations in the licence, but the +oath "de jure in hac parte requisito," is required to have been made. +The form is of the same writing as several others which bear dates +from 1709 to 1719. Below is a memorandum of the fees, amounting to +17s. 6d. + +Thomas Kerslake. + +Bristol. + + +_Echo Song_ (Vol. ii., p. 441.).--Although I cannot supply Llyd Rhys +Morgan with the name of the writer, I may refer him to D'Israeli's +_Curiosities of Literature_, p. 257. (Moxon's edit. 1840), where he +will find another Echo Song, by a certain Francis Cole, so similar to +the one he quotes as to induce me to think that they either come from +the same pen, or that the one is an imitation of the other. + +Y. + + +_The Irish Brigade_ (Vol. ii., pp. 407. 452.).--It is understood John +C. O'Callaghan, Esq., author of the _Green Book_, contemplated a +much more copious work on the subject than that by the late Matthew +O'Connor, mentioned by your correspondent (p. 452.). The _Union +Quotidienne_ of 23rd April last announced a work by M. de la Ponce, +_Essai sur l'Irlande Ancienne, et sur les Brigades Irlandaises au +Service de France, depuis leur Organisation en 1691_; but whether +published or not I am not aware. Perhaps some of your correspondents +may know. + +Drumlethglas. + + +_To save one's Bacon_ (Vol. ii., p. 424.).--May I venture to suggest +that this phrase has reference to the custom at Dunmow, in Essex, of +giving a flitch of bacon to any married couple residing in the parish, +who live in harmony for a year and a day. A man and his wife who +stopped short when on the verge of a quarrel might be said to have +"just saved their bacon;" and in course of time the phrase would be +applied to any one who barely escaped any loss or danger. + +X.Z. + + +_"The Times" Newspaper and the Coptic Language_ (Vol. ii., p. +377.).--J.E. quotes a passage from _The Times_ newspaper respecting +the Coptic language, and asks if any correspondent can furnish a +clearer account of its structure than the writer of that article has +given. A reference to the work {500} which he was reviewing (Kenrick's +_Ancient Egypt under the Pharaohs_) will show the origin of the +apparent inconsistency on which J.E. animadverts. In that work it is +said (vol. i. p. 100.): + + "The roots of the Coptic language appear to have been + generally monosyllabic, and the derivatives have been formed + by a very simple system of prefixing, inserting, and affixing + certain letters, which have usually undergone but little + change, not having been incorporated with the root, nor melted + down by crasis, nor softened by any euphonic rules." + +Again (vol. i. p. 107.), speaking of the supposed connexion between +India and Egypt: + + "The Sanscrit is the most polished and copious language ever + spoken by man; the Coptic, the most rude of all which were + used by the civilised nations of antiquity." + +The writer in _The Times, currente calamo_, has thrown the contents +of these two sentences together, and somewhat strengthened the +expressions of his author, who does not call the Coptic system of +inflexion rude, nor assert that it is totally different from the +Syro-Arabian system, but quotes the opinion of Benfey, that they +differ so much that neither can have originated from the other, but +both from a parent language. The distinction between a system of +_inflexion_ and one of _affixes_ and _prefixes_ is not permanent. What +we call the inflexions of the Greek verb were once, no doubt, affixes; +but while, in the Greek, they have become incorporated with the root, +in the Coptic they stand rigidly apart from it. + +Herampion. + + +_Luther's Hymns_ (Vol. ii., p. 327.).--A writer in the _Parish Choir_ +of September last (p. 140.) has traced the words "In the midst of life +we are in death" to a higher source than the Salisbury Service-book. +It occurs in the choir-book of the monks of St. Gall in Switzerland, +and was probably composed by Notker, surnamed the Stammerer, about the +end of the ninth century, or the beginning of the tenth. + +C.H. + +St. Catherine's Hall, Cambridge. + + +_Osnaburg Bishopric_ (Vol. ii., pp. 358. 484.).--The occupiers of this +bishopric were princes ecclesiastical of the empire, and had not +only the ordinary authority of bishops in their dioceses, but were +sovereigns of their provinces and towns in the same manner as were the +princes temporal. + +The bishopric of Osnaburg was founded by Charlemagne, and was filled +by various princes until 1625, when Cardinal Francis William, Count of +Wartemburg, was elected by the chapter. + +By the Treaty of Osnaburg, 1642, which was ratified at the Peace of +Westphalia, 1648, the House of Brunswick resigned all claims to the +archbishoprics of Magdeburg and Bremen, and to the bishoprics of +Halberstadt and Ratzburg; and received the alternate nomination of +the bishopric of Osnaburg, which was declared to belong jointly to the +Catholic and the Protestant branch of Brunswick. + +Under this arrangement, on the death of Count Wartemburg in 1662, +Ernest Augustus I., the sixtieth bishop, patriarch of the present +royal family of England, succeeded to the government of Osnaburg, +which he held for thirty-six years. + +Ernest Augustus II, sixty-second bishop, Duke of Brunswick and +Lunenburg, was made Duke of York and Albany, and Bishop of Osnaburg, +in 1716, in the room of Charles Joseph of Lorraine. He died in 1748. + +Frederick, second son of George III., was appointed bishop at an early +age; he being called, in a work dedicated to him in 1772, "An infant +bishop." + +By the Treaty of Vienna, the bishopric of Osnaburg was made part of +the kingdom of Hanover. + +The ancient territory of the Bishop of Osnaburg consisted of Osnaburg, +Iborg, Forstenau, Bostel, Quakenburg, Vorde Gronsburg, Hunteburg on +the lake Dummer, Witlage, Melle, and Holte. + +In Halliday's _History of the House of Guelph_, 4to., 1821, at +p. 133., the conditions of the Treaty of Osnaburg relative to the +bishopric are given at length. + +Whilst preparing the above I have seen the reply of F.E. at p. 447., +and would beg to correct the following errors:-- + +The Treaty of Osnaburg was 1642, not 1624. + +Halliday's _House of Guelph_ was published 1821, not 1820. + +Reference to the conditions of the treaty at p. 133. is omitted. + +F.B. Relton. + + +_Scandal against Queen Elizabeth_ (Vol. ii., p. 393.).--There is a +current belief in Ireland that the family of Mapother, in Roscommon, +is descended from Queen Elizabeth: and there are many other traditions +completely at variance with the ordinarily received opinion as to +her inviolate chastity. A discussion of the matter might discover the +foundation on which they rest. + +R. Ts. + + +_Pretended Reprint of Ancient Poetry_ (Vol. ii., p. 463.).--The late +Rev. Peter Hall was the person at whose expense the two copies of the +work mentioned by Dr. Rimbault were reprinted. At the sale of that +gentleman's library, in May last, one of these two reprints was sold +for 20s. + +Cato. + + +_Martin Family_ (Vol. ii., p. 392.).--If your correspondent Clericus +will refer to Morant's _History of Essex_, vol. ii. p. 188., he will +find some account of the family of Martin. There do not appear to +be any families of the name of Cockerell or Hopkins in the same +neighbourhood. + +J.A.D. + + +"_Ge-ho_," _Meaning of_.--I am a little girl, only two years and five +months old, and my kind aunt Noo teaches me to spell. Now I hear the +men, when driving their horses, say "Ge-ho;" {501} and I think they +say so because G, O, spells "Go." Is it so, can anybody say? + +I am, your youngest correspondent, + +Katie. + + [Better etymologists than Katie have made far worse guesses + than our youngest correspondent. But in Brand's _Popular + Antiquities_, by Ellis, vol. i. p. 294. ed. 1841 (the + passage is not in the last edition), is the following curious + illustration of the phrase _Ge-ho_. + + "A learned friend, whose communications I have frequently had + occasion to acknowledge in the course of this work, says, + the exclamation '_Geho, Geho_,' which carmen use to their + horses, is probably of great antiquity. It is not peculiar to + this country, as I have heard it used in France. In the story + of the Milkmaid, who kicked down her pail, and with it all her + hopes of getting rich, as related in a very ancient collection + of apologues, entitled _Dialogus Creaturarum_, printed + at Gonda in 1480, is the following passage: 'Et cum sic + gloriaretur, et cogitaret cum quanta gloria duceretur ad illum + virum super equum dicendo _gio gio_, cepit percutere terram + quasi pungeret equum calcaribus.'" + + Brand's learned correspondent was, doubtless, the late Mr. + Douce, from whom the writer of this Note has often heard the + same illustration.] + + +_Lady Norton_ (Vol. ii., p. 480.).--An account of lady Norton may be +seen in _Memoirs of several ladies of Great Britain, who have been +celebrated for their writings or skill in the learned languages arts +and sciences_. By George Ballard. Oxford, 1752. 4º. She is said to +have written two books, viz.: _The applause of virtue. In four parts._ +etc. London, 1705. 4º. pp. 262; and _Memento mori: or meditations on +death_. London 1705. 4º. pp. 108. She was living in advanced years, +about 1720. + +The same biographical repertory contains an account of her daughter, +lady Gethin--of whom some particulars were given by myself in a small +volume of essays printed for private circulation, under the title of +_Curiosities of literature illustrated_, in 1837. On that occasion +I ventured to express my belief that lady Gethin did not compose one +sentence of the _remains_ ascribed to her; but I hope the claims of +lady Norton to _patristic learning_ may more successfully bear the +test of critical examination. + +Bolton Corney. + + * * * * * + + +Miscellaneous. + +NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC. + +Honour to the University of Oxford, Honour to the Rev. Josiah +Forshall, and though last not least, Honour to the learned Keeper +of the Manuscripts in the British Museum, Sir Frederick Madden, for +giving us _The Holy Bible containing the Old and New Testaments with +the Apocryphal Books, in the earliest English versions made from the +Latin Vulgate, by John Wycliffe and his followers_. Never did the +University Press put forth a more valuable or more important work +than these four handsome quartos, (published, too, at the marvellously +small price of five guineas), in which are now printed, for the first +time, in an entire form, those Versions which may be regarded as +the earliest in the English language which embrace any considerable +proportion of the Holy Scriptures. By this publication, Oxford has +done her part towards wiping away the disgrace which has so long +attached to this country--which boasts, and justly and proudly boasts, +of being _the_ country of Bibles--for its long-continued neglect of +these early versions of the vernacular Scriptures. How great was +the influence which they exercised upon the religious opinions and +sentiments of the nation at large in the interval between the years +1382 and 1526, how great an amount of scriptural truth they diffused, +how effectually they supplied the opponents of the Papal system with +the means of exposing its abuses and errors, and how they thereby +laid a deep foundation for the reform of the sixteenth century, may be +clearly seen by a perusal of the Preface to this great work; on which +the learned editors have employed their learning and industry for two +and twenty years, to their own high credit, and to the vindication +of English scholarship. But our limited space will not admit of +our detailing all the claims which this _editio princeps_ of the +_Wycliffite Scriptures_ has upon the attention of our readers, or of +pointing out all the great services which its editors have rendered +to the literary, no less than to the religious world. When we state +briefly that in the work before us we have the _two_ versions, the +_earlier_ and _later_ versions, printed side by side; that these +are accompanied by various readings gathered from the collection of +upwards of one hundred different manuscripts; introduced by a preface +full of new and most interesting particulars of this first attempt to +give to this country the Scriptures in a tongue "understanded of the +people;" and the whole rendered complete by an extensive and most +valuable glossary, we feel persuaded our readers will agree with us in +giving honour to all who have had hand or heart in the production of +these deeply interesting volumes. + +We have received the following Catalogues:--C.J. Stewart's (11. +King William Street, Strand) Catalogue of Doctrinal, Controversial, +Practical, and Devotional Divinity; a well-timed catalogue containing +some extraordinary Collections, as of Roman and Spanish Indexes of +Books prohibited and expurgated, and of Official and Documentary +Works on the Inquisition; B.R. Wheatley's (44. Bedford Street, Strand) +Catalogue of Scarce and Interesting Books for 1851; Joel Rowsell's +(28. Great Queen Street) Catalogue No. XL. of a Select Collection of +Second-hand Books; John Miller's (43. Chandos Street) Catalogue No. +15. for 1850 of Books Old and New. + + * * * * * + + +BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES + +WANTED TO PURCHASE. + +George Herbert, Jacula Prudentum; or, Outlandish Proverbs, etc. 12mo. +London. 1651. + +N.R. Gent, Proverbs, English, French, Dutch, Italian, and Spanish. +12mo. London. 1659. + +*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, +to be sent to Mr. Bell, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet +Street. + + * * * * *{502} + + +Notices to Correspondents. + +Our Christmas Number. _This week our able contemporary_, Household +Words, _treats his readers to a Christmas Number. It is one of the +many good things in which our popular friend has anticipated us. +Thanks, however, to the Peace Congress, we are content to be thus +anticipated without giving utterance to the time-honoured_ "Pereant +qui ante nos nostra dixerunt." _Still, as we earnestly desire to +close the year in peace with all the world, or, which is much the same +thing, with all the readers of_ Notes and Queries, _we propose, on +Saturday next, treating them to a_ Christmas Number, _rich in articles +on_ Folk Lore, Popular Literature, &c., _and to use as ballast for our +barque, which will at such occasion be of unwonted lightness, a number +of Replies which we have by us imploring for admittance into our +columns._ + +The Index to Volume the Second _will be ready early in January._ + +_All Catalogues, Bills, or Prospectuses intended for insertion in our +next Monthly Part, must be sent to the Office, 186. Fleet Street, by +Friday the 27th instant._ + + * * * * * + +Seventeenth Thousand. Fcp., price 7s. + +PROVERBIAL PHILOSOPHY. A Book of Thoughts and Arguments, originally +treated. By Martin Farquhar Tupper, Esq., D.C.L.F.R S., of Christ +Church, Oxford. With a Portrait. + +London: Thomas Hatchard, 187. Piccadilly. + + * * * * * + +The concluding Volume of the Archbishop of Canterbury's Exposition of +the New Testament. + +Just published, 8vo., or 2 vols. 12mo., price 9s. + +A PRACTICAL EXPOSITION OF ST. PAUL'S EPISTLES to the THESSALONIANS, to +TIMOTHY, TITUS, PHILEMON, and to the HEBREWS, in the form of Lectures, +intended to assist the practice of Domestic Instruction and Devotion. +By John Bird Sumner, D.D., Archbishop of Canterbury. + +London: Thomas Hatchard, 187. Piccadilly. + + * * * * * + +Now Ready, cloth, 1s. + +THE GREEK CHURCH. A Sketch by the Author of "Proposals for Christian +Union." + +"Like its predecessors, the volume is amiable and +interesting."--_Notes and Queries._ + +"Anything written by the Author of 'Proposals for Christian Union' is +sure to be distinguished by an excellent spirit. The 'Greek Church,' +a Sketch, is well put together; and, though slight, will be found to +contain as much real information as many a book of greater size and +more pretension."--_The Guardian_. + +This Essay concludes the Series. The four preceding numbers on sale, +Second Edition, 1s. each. + +London: James Darling, Great Queen Street, Lincoln's-Inn-Fields. +Edinburgh: 12. South St. Andrew's Street. + + * * * * * + +Price 1d., by Post 2d., or 5s. per Hundred for Distribution. + +WESTMINSTER AND DR. WISEMAN; or, FACTS _v._ FICTION. By William +Page Wood, Esq., M.P., Q.C. Reprinted from _The Times_ with an +Advertisement on the subject of the Westminster Spiritual Aid Fund, +and more especially on the Duty and Justice of applying the Revenues +of the suspended Stalls of the Abbey for the adequate Endowment of the +District Churches in the immediate neighbourhood. + +Second Edition, with an Appendix. + +London: George Bell, 186. Fleet Street; Messrs. Rivington's, St. +Paul's Church-yard, and Waterloo Place; and Thomas Hatchard, 187. +Piccadilly and _by Order_, of all Booksellers. + + * * * * * + +MR. MURRAY'S + +LIST OF BOOKS JUST READY. + + * * * * * + +I. + +LAVENGRO. By George Borrow, Author of "The Bible in Spain." Portrait. +3 vols. Post 8vo. + +II. + +THE LEXINGTON PAPERS; or the Official and Private Correspondence of +Robert Sutton, while Minister at Vienna, 1694-98. 8vo. 14s. + +III. + +THE MILITARY EVENTS IN ITALY, 1848-9. From the German. By Lord +Ellesmere. Map. Post 8vo. 9s. + +IV. + +A MEMOIR OF BISHOP STANLEY, with his Addresses and Charges. By Rev. +A.P. Stanley, Author of "Life of Dr. Arnold." 8vo. + +V. + +A VOYAGE TO THE MAURITIUS AND BACK. By the Author of "Paddiana." Post +8vo. + +VI. + +THE LAW OF NAVAL COURTS MARTIAL, for the guidance of Naval Officers. +By William Hickman, R.N. 8vo. + +VII. + +ENGLAND AS IT IS: Political, Social, and Industrial. By William +Johnston. 2 vols. Post 8vo. Next Week. + +VIII. + +CHRISTIANITY IN CEYLON. Its Introduction and Progress. By Sir J. +Emerson Tennent. Woodcuts. 8vo. 15s. + +IX. + +THE PALACES OF NINEVEH AND PERSEPOLIS RESTORED. An Essay on Assyrian +and Persian Architecture. By James Fergusson. Woodcuts. 8vo. + +X. + +A MANUAL OF ELEMENTARY GEOLOGY. By Sir Charles Lyell. Third Edition, +revised. Woodcuts. 8vo. + +XI. + +HANDBOOK OF ITALIAN PAINTING. From the German of Kugler. Edited by Sir +Charles Eastlake. Second Edition. 100 Woodcuts. Post 8vo. + +XII. + +SALMONIA or, Days of Fly-Fishing. By Sir H. Davy. Fourth Edition. +Woodcuts. Fcap. 8vo. 6s. + +XIII. + +CONSOLATIONS IN TRAVEL. By Sir H. Davy. Fifth Edition. Woodcuts. Fcap. +8vo. 6s. + +XIV. + +SPECIMENS OF THE TABLE-TALK OF SAMUEL TAYLOR COLERIDGE. Third edition. +Portrait. Fcap. 8vo. 6s. + +XV. + +REJECTED ADDRESSES. By James and Horace Smith. Twenty-second Edition. +Portraits. Fcap. 8vo. 5s. + +XVI. + +MURRAY'S MODERN COOKERY, based on the well-known work of Mrs. +Rundell. Entirely revised, and adapted to the present time. By A Lady. +Woodcuts. Fcap. 8vo. Next Week. + +XVII. + +THE PROGRESS OF THE NATION. By G.R. Porter. Third Edition, corrected +to the present time. 8vo. + +50. Albemarle Street. + + * * * * *{503} + +On the 1st of January 1851 will be commenced the Publication of + +A CHEAP RE-ISSUE + +In Five Monthly Volumes, price only 6s. each, with Portraits, &c., +handsomely bound, of + +PEPYS' DIARY AND CORRESPONDENCE. + +ILLUSTRATIVE OF THE REIGNS OF CHARLES II. AND JAMES II. + +Edited by LORD BRAYBROOKE. + +This Edition will contain all the passages restored from the Original +Manuscript, and all the Additional Notes. Vol. I. will be ready with +the Magazines on the 1st of January, 1851, and the subsequent volumes +will appear in regular monthly succession. Those who desire copies +on the days of publication, are requested to give their orders +immediately to their respective Booksellers. + +"We unhesitatingly characterize this journal as the most remarkable +production of its kind which has ever been given to the world. Pepys +paints the Court, the Monarchs, and the times, in more vivid +colours than any one else. His 'Diary' makes us comprehend the great +historical events of the age, and the people who bore a part in them, +and gives us more clear glimpses into the true English life of the +times than all the other memorials of them that have come down to our +own."--_Edinburgh Review_. + +"The best book of its kind in the English language. 'Pepys' Diary' is +the ablest picture of the age in which the writer lived, and a work of +standard importance in English literature."--_Athenaeum._ + + * * * * * + +Also now ready, in 2 vols. 8vo., uniform with "The Curiosities of +Literature." 28s. bound. + +THE LIFE AND REIGN OF CHARLES I. + +BY J. DISRAELI. + +A New and Revised Edition, edited, with a Preface, by B. 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WHEATLEY'S CATALOGUE FOR 1851 OF BOOKS IN LITERARY HISTORY AND +BIBLIOGRAPHY, interspersed with Works on a variety of subjects likely +to interest the Gatherer of Trifles in the pleasant By-ways of History +and Literature. + + * * * * * + +SMITH, ELDER, & Co.'s NEW PUBLICATIONS. + + * * * * * + +NEW CHRISTMAS BOOKS. + + * * * * * + +Mr. Thackeray's New Christmas Book. + +THE KICKLEBURYS ON THE RHINE. A New Picture Book, Drawn and Written by +Mr. M.A. Titmarsh. Price 5s. plain, 7s. 6d. coloured. Now ready. + + * * * * * + +A New Fairy Tale. + +THE KING OF THE GOLDEN RIVER. Or, The Black Brothers. With +Illustrations by Richard Doyle. Now ready. + + * * * * * + +NEW WORKS NOW READY. + +TABLE TALK. By Leigh Hunt. 1 vol. crown 8vo., cloth gilt, price 7s. + + * * * * * + +PIQUE: A Novel. In 3 vols. post 8vo. + + * * * * * + +CONVERSATIONS OF GOETHE WITH ECKERMANN. By John Oxenford. Translated +from the German. In 2 vols. post 8vo., cloth, price 24s. + + * * * * * + +WUTHERING HEIGHTS AND AGNES GREY. With a Selection of the Literary +Remains of ELLIS and ACTON BELL, and a Biographical Notice of both +Authors by Currer Bell. 1 vol. small post 8vo., cloth, price 6s. + +London: Smith, Elder, & Co., 65. Cornhill. + + * * * * *{504} + +NEW BOOKS + +PUBLISHED OR SOLD BY + +HENRY G. BOHN, YORK STREET, COVENT GARDEN. + + * * * * * + +JAMESON'S (MRS.) BEAUTIES OF THE COURT OF CHARLES THE SECOND; + +Illustrating the Diaries of Pepys, Evelyn, Clarendon, &c. Imp. 8vo. +Illustrated by Twenty-one Beautiful Portraits, comprising the whole +of the celebrated suite of Paintings by Sir Peter Lely, preserved at +Hampton Court and the Windsor Gallery, extra cloth, richly gilt back +and sides, gilt edges, 1l. 5s.; or with India proof impressions of the +Plates, 2l. 10s. + + +SILVESTRE'S UNIVERSAL PALEOGRAPHY; + +Or, Fac-similes of the Writings of every Age, taken from the Most +Authentic Missals and Manuscripts. Containing upwards of Three Hundred +large and beautifully executed Fac-similes, richly illuminated in the +Finest Style of Art. 2 vols. atlas folio, half Morocco extra, gilt +edges, 31l. 10s. + + +MADDEN'S (SIR FREDERICK) UNIVERSAL PALEOGRAPHY, + +From the French of BARON SILVESTRE. (Descriptive Letter press to the +preceding Work.) 2 vols. royal 8vo. 1l. 16s. 1850. + + +BARBER'S ISLE OF WIGHT. + +Illustrated by Forty-five Fine Steel Plates, including a Portrait of +Her Majesty, with a Map of the Island, and Dr. Mantell's Geological +Map. 8vo. A New and Improved Edition, completed to the Present Time, +elegant, in cloth gilt, 10s. 6d. 1850. + +*** The present Edition contains Two new and very accurate Views +of Ryde from the Sea, a new View of Osborne, and every possible +Information up to September, 1850. + + +PUGIN'S GLOSSARY OF ECCLESIASTICAL ORNAMENT AND COSTUME; + +Setting forth the Origin, History, and Signification of the various +Emblems, Devices, and Symbolical Colours peculiar to Christian Design +of the Middle Ages. Eighty Plates, splendidly printed in gold and +colours, royal 4to. half morocco extra, 7l. 7s. + + +PUGIN'S NEW WORK ON FLORIATED ORNAMENT. + +Thirty Plates splendidly printed in gold and colours, royal 4to. +Elegantly bound in cloth, with rich gold ornaments, 3l. 3s. + + +BURKE'S ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF HERALDRY; + +Or, General Armoury of England, Scotland, and Ireland, containing a +very Comprehensive and Exact Account of the Arms of English Families, +with an Introduction to Heraldry, a Dictionary of Terms, and a +Supplement. Imperial 8vo. (uniform with his Peerage), 1l. 5s. + + +SKELTON'S POETICAL WORKS, BY DYCE. + +2 vols. 8vo. (published at 1l. 12s.) cloth, 12s. + + +SHAKSPEARE LIBRARY, + +Consisting of Romances, Novels, Poems and Histories used by Shakspeare +as the Foundation of his Dramas, by PAYNE COLLIER. 2 vols. 8vo. +(published at 1l. 1s.) cloth, 10s. 6d. + + +STRUTT'S DRESSES AND HABITS OF THE PEOPLE OF ENGLAND. + +Edited by J.R. Planche, Esq, F.S.A. 2 vols. royal 4to. 153 Plates. 4l. +4s. Or, with the Plates coloured, 7l. 7s.; or, splendidly illuminated +in the Missal Style, 20l. + + +STRUTT'S ROYAL AND ECCLESIASTICAL ANTIQUITIES OF ENGLAND. + +Royal 4to. Seventy-two Plates. 2l. 2s. Edited by J.R. Planche Esq. +Or, with the Plates coloured, 4l. 4s.; or splendidly illuminated, 12l. +12s. + + +BINGHAM'S ANTIQUITIES OF THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH. + +New Edition. 2 vols. imperial 8vo. 1l. 11s. 6d. + + +BRYAN'S DICTIONARY OF PAINTERS AND ENGRAVERS. + +New Edition. Corrected, enlarged, and continued to the Present Time, +by GEO. STANLEY, Esq. Imperial 8vo. (above 1000 pages). With numerous +Plates of Monograms, 2l. 2s. + + * * * * * + +Printed by Thomas Clark Shaw, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5. +New Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride in the City of London, +and published by George Bell, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish +of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. +186. 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