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| author | Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org> | 2025-10-15 01:53:21 -0700 |
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| committer | Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org> | 2025-10-15 01:53:21 -0700 |
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diff --git a/22639-h/22639-h.htm b/22639-h/22639-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..dec71b3 --- /dev/null +++ b/22639-h/22639-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,2738 @@ +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> +<html> + <head> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" > + <title> + Notes And Queries, Issue 68. + </title> + + <style type="text/css"> + +<!-- + body {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; text-align: justify;} + p.center {text-align: center;} + blockquote {text-align: justify;} + h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 {text-align: center;} + pre {font-size: 0.7em;} + + hr {text-align: center; width: 50%;} + html>body hr {margin-right: 25%; margin-left: 25%; width: 50%;} + hr.full {width: 100%;} + html>body hr.full {margin-right: 0%; margin-left: 0%; width: 100%;} + hr.adverts {width: 100%; height: 5px; color: black;} + html>body hr.adverts {margin-right: 0%; margin-left: 0%; width: 100%;} + + .note, .footnote {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; + font-size: 0.9em;} + + table.nob {margin-left: 4em} + table.allb {border : thin solid black; border-collapse: collapse; margin-left: 4em} + table.allbnomar {border : thin solid black; border-collapse: collapse;} + table.nomar {margin-left: 0em} + td.allb {border : thin solid black; padding-left: 0.5em; padding-right: 0.5em;} + td.vertb {border-left : thin solid black; border-right : thin solid black; + padding-left: 0.5em; padding-right: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 1ex; } + .single p {margin: 0;} + .poem {margin-left:10%; margin-right:10%; text-align: left;} + .poem .stanza {margin: 1em 0em 1em 0em;} + .poem p {margin: 0; padding-left: 3em; text-indent: -3em;} + p.hg3 {margin-left: -0.3em;} + p.hg1 {margin-left: -0.1em;} + .poem p.i1 {margin-left: 1em;} + .poem p.i1hg1 {margin-left: 0.9em;} + .poem p.i2 {margin-left: 2em;} + .poem p.i2hg3 {margin-left: 1.7em;} + .poem p.i4 {margin-left: 4em;} + .poem p.i4hg3 {margin-left: 3.7em;} + .poem p.i6 {margin-left: 6em;} + .poem p.i6hg3 {margin-left: 5.7em;} + .poem p.i8 {margin-left: 8em;} + .poem p.i8hg3 {margin-left: 7.7em;} + .poem p.i12 {margin-left: 12em;} + .poem p.i12hg3 {margin-left: 11.7em;} + .poem p.i10 {margin-left: 10em;} + .poem p.i10hg3 {margin-left: 9.7em;} + .poem p.i16 {margin-left: 16em;} + .poem .caesura {vertical-align: -200%;} + .figure, .figcenter, .figright, .figleft + {padding: 1em; margin: 0; text-align: center; font-size: 0.8em;} + .figure img, .figcenter img, .figright img, .figleft img + {border: none;} + .figcenter {margin: auto;} + + span.pagenum {position: absolute; left: 1%; right: 91%; font-size: 8pt;} + span.correction {border-bottom: thin dotted red;} + span.special {border-bottom: thin dotted green;} + span.over {text-decoration: overline;} + + .sc {font-variant: small-caps; } + .scac {font-size: small;} + .grk {font-style: normal; font-family:"Palatino Linotype","New Athena Unicode",Gentium,"Lucida Grande", Galilee, "Arial Unicode MS", sans-serif;} + .saxon {font-style: normal; + font-family:sans-serif;} + + p.author {text-align: right; margin-top: -1em;} + p.address {margin-top: -0.5em;} + .cenhead {text-align: center; margin-top: 1em;} + img.middle { border: none; vertical-align: middle } + + // --> + </style> + </head> +<body> + + +<pre> + +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 68, February 15, +1851, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes and Queries, Number 68, February 15, 1851 + A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, + Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc. + +Author: Various + +Editor: George Bell + +Release Date: September 16, 2007 [EBook #22639] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES *** + + + + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images +generously made available by The Internet Library of Early +Journals.) + + + + + + +</pre> + +<p><!-- Page 113 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page113"></a>{113}</span></p> + +<h1>NOTES AND QUERIES:</h1> + +<h2>A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, +GENEALOGISTS, ETC.</h2> + +<hr class="full" > + +<h3><b>"When found, make a note of."</b>—CAPTAIN CUTTLE.</h3> + +<hr class="full" > + + +<table width="100%" class="nomar" summary="masthead" title="masthead"> + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left; width:25%"> + <p><b>No. 68.</b></p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:center; width:50%"> + <p><b><span class="sc">Saturday, February 15. 1851.</span></b></p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right; width:25%"> + <p><b>Price Threepence.<br />Stamped Edition 4d.</b></p> + </td> + </tr> +</table> + +<hr class="full" > + +<h2>CONTENTS.</h2> + + +<table width="100%" class="nomar" summary="Contents" title="Contents"> + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left; width:94%"> + <p><span class="sc">Notes</span>:—</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right; width:5%"> + <p>Page</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Defence of the Execution of Mary Queen of Scots, by J. Payne + Collier</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page113">113</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>"De Navorscher," by Bolton Corney</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page114">114</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>A Bidding at Weddings in Wales, by W. Spurrell</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page114">114</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Coleridge's "Religious Musings"</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page115">115</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Folk Lore:—Lammer Beads—Engraved + Warming-pans—Queen Elizabeth's Christening Cloth</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page115">115</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Minor Notes:—The Breeches Bible—Origin of the present + Race of English—True Blue—"By Hook or by + Crook"—Record of Existing Monuments</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page115">115</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Queries</span>:—</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Five Queries and Notes on Books, Men, and Authors</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page117">117</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Minor Queries:—The Witches' Prayer—Water-buckets given + to Sheriffs—A Cracow Pike—Meaning of + Waste-book—Machell's MS. Collections for Westmoreland and + Cumberland—Decking Churches at Christmas—Coinage of + Germany—Titles of Peers who are Bishops—At Sixes and + Sevens—Shaking Hands—George + Steevens—Extradition—Singing of Metrical Psalms and Hymns + in Churches—Ormonde Portraits—Tradescant—Arthur's + Seat and Salisbury Craigs—Lincoln Missal</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page118">118</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Replies</span>:—</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Meaning of Eisell, by Samuel Hickson and S. W. Singer</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page119">119</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Descent of Henry IV.</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page120">120</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Fossil Elk of Ireland</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page121">121</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Replies to Minor Queries:—Coverdale + Bible—Epitaph— Probabilism—Old Hewson the + Cobbler—Rodolph Gualter—Burning the Hill—"Fronte + capillata," &c.—Time when Herodotus + wrote—Herstmonceux Castle—Camden and Curwen + Families—Joan Sanderson, or the Cushion Dance—North Sides + of Churchyards—"Antiquitas Sæculi Juventus + Mundi"—Umbrella—Form of Prayer at the Healing</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page122">122</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p><span class="sc">Miscellaneous</span>:—</p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &c.</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page126">126</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Books and Odd Volumes wanted</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page127">127</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Notices to Correspondents</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page127">127</a></p> + </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td style="text-align:left"> + <p>Advertisements</p> + </td> + <td style="text-align:right"> + <p><a href="#page127">127</a></p> + </td> + </tr> +</table> + +<hr class="full" > + +<h2>Notes.</h2> + +<h3>DEFENCE OF THE EXECUTION OF MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS.</h3> + + <p>Allow me to supply a deficiency in my last volume of <i>Extracts from + the Registers of the Stationers' Company</i>, printed by the Shakspeare + Society. It occurs at p. 224., in reference to an entry of 11th Feb., + 1587, in the following terms:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"John Wyndett. Lycensed alsoe to him, under the B. of London hand and + Mr. Denham, An Analogie or Resemblance betweene Johane, Queene of Naples, + and Marye, Queene of Scotland."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>In the note appended to this entry I point out a mistake by Herbert + (ii. 1126. of his <i>History of Printing</i>), who fancied that the + <i>Defence of the Execution of Mary Queen of Scots</i>, and Kyffin's + <i>Blessedness of Britain</i>, were the same work; and I add that "the + <i>Analogy</i> here entered is not recorded among the productions of John + Windet's press." This is true; but Mr. David Laing, of Edinburgh, has + kindly taken the trouble to send me, all the way from Scotland, a very + rare volume, which proves that the <i>Analogy</i> in question was printed + by Windet in consequence of the registration, and that it was, in fact, + part of a volume which that printer put forth under the following + title:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"A Defence of the Honorable Sentence of Execution of the Queene of + Scots: exampled with Analogies, and Diverse Presidents of Emperors, + Kings, and Popes. With the Opinions of learned Men in the Point, &c.; + together with the Answere to certaine Objections made by the favourites + of the late Scottish Queene, &c. At London, printed by John + Windet."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>It has no date: but it may be supplied by the entry at Stationer's + Hall, and by the subject of the volume. The first chapter of the work is + headed "An Analogie or Resemblance betweene Ione, queene of Naples, and + Marie, queene of Scotland," which are the terms of the entry; and the + probability seems to be, that when Windet took, or sent, it to be + licensed, the book had no other title, and that the clerk adopted the + heading of the first chapter as that of the whole volume. It consists, in + fact, of eight chapters, besides a "conclusion," and a sort of + supplement, with distinct signatures (beginning with D, and possibly + originally forming part of some other work), of Babington's letter to + Mary, her letter to Babington, the heads of a letter from Mary to + Bernardin Mendoza, and "points" out of other letters, subscribed by + Curle. The whole is a very interesting collection in relation to the + history and end of Mary Queen of Scots; but nobody who had not seen the + book could be aware that the entry in the Stationers' Registers, of + "<i>An Analogie</i>," &c., applied to this general <i>Defence</i> of + her execution. The manner in which the "analogy" is made out may be seen + by the two first paragraphs, which your readers may like to see + quoted:—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Ione, Queene of Naples, being in love with the Duke of Tarent, caused + her husband Andrasius (or, as <!-- Page 114 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page114"></a>{114}</span>some terme him, Andreas), King of Naples + (whom she little favoured), to be strangled, in the yeare of our Lord God + 1348."</p> + + <p>"Marie, Queene of Scotland, being (as appeareth by the Chronicles of + Scotlande and hir owne letters) in love with the Earle of Bothwell, + caused hir husband, Henrie Lorde Darley, King of Scotland (whome she made + small account of long time before) to be strangled, and the house where + he lodged, called Kirk of Fielde, to be blowen up with gunpowder, the + 10th of Februarie in the yeare of our Lord God 1567."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>In this way the analogy is pursued through twelve pages; but, for my + present purpose, it is not necessary to extract more of it. I beg leave + publicly to express my thanks to Mr. Laing for thus enabling me to + furnish information which I should have been glad to supply, had it been + in my power, when I prepared volume ii. of <i>Extracts from the + Stationers' Registers</i>.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. Payne Collier</span>. + +<hr class="short" > + +<h3>DE NAVORSCHER.</h3> + + <p>An idea recorded in 1841, is to be realized in 1851—which + promises, in various ways, to be the <i>annus mirabilis</i>!</p> + + <p>In an appeal to residents at Paris for a transcript of certain + inedited notes on Jean Paul Marana, which are preserved in the + <i>bibliothèque royale</i>, I made this remark:—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"If men of letters, of whatever nation, were more disposed to + interchange commodities in such a manner, the beneficial effects of it in + promoting mutual riches, would soon become visible."—<i>Gent. + Mag.</i> <span class="scac">XV.</span> 270. <span + class="scac">N. S.</span></p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>The appeal was unsuccessful, and I could not but ascribe the failure + of it to the want of a convenient channel of communication. A remedy is + now provided—thanks to the example set at home, and the + enterprising spirit of Mr. Frederik Muller of Amsterdam.</p> + + <p>We contemplate Holland as the school of classical and oriental + literature, and as the <i>studio</i> of painters and engravers; we admire + her delicate Elzevirs and her magnificent folios; we commend her for the + establishment of public libraries, <i>made available by printed + catalogues</i>; we do justice to the discoveries of her early navigators; + but we had scarcely heard of her vernacular literature before the + publications of Bosworth, and Bowring.</p> + + <p>As M. Van Kampen observes, "La litérature hollandaise est presque + inconnue aux étrangers à cause de la langue peu répandue qui lui sert + d'organe." Under such circumstances it may be presumed that many a query + will now be made, and many a new fact elicited. We may expect, by the + means of <i>De Navorscher</i>, the further gratification of rational + curiosity, and the improvement of historical and bibliographic + literature.</p> + + <p>In assuming that some slight credit may be due to one who gives public + expression to a novel and plausible idea, it may become me to declare + that I renounce all claim to the substantial merit of having devised the + means of carrying it into effect.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Bolton Corney</span>. + +<hr class="short" > + +<h3>A BIDDING AT WEDDINGS IN WALES.</h3> + + <p>The practice of "making a bidding" and sending "bidding letters," of + which the following is a specimen, is so general in most parts of Wales, + that printers usually keep the form in type, and make alteration in it as + occasion requires. The custom is confined to servants and mechanics in + towns; but in the country, farmers of the humbler sort make biddings. Of + late years tea parties have in Carmarthen been substituted for the + bidding; but persons attending pay for what they get, and so incur no + obligation; but givers at a bidding are expected and generally do return + "all gifts of the above nature whenever called for on a similar + occasion." When a bidding is made, it is usual for a large procession to + accompany the young couple to church, and thence to the house where the + bidding is held. Accompanying is considered an addition to the obligation + conferred by the gift. I have seen, I dare say, six hundred persons in a + wedding procession, and have been in one or two myself (when a child). + The men walk together and the women together to church; but in returning + they walk in pairs, or often in trios, one man between two women. The + last time I was at such a wedding I had three strapping wenches attached + to my person. In the country they ride, and generally there is a + desperate race home to the bidding, where you would be surprised to see a + comely lass, with Welsh hat on head and ordinary dress, often take the + lead of fifty or a hundred smart fellows over rough roads that would + shake your Astley riders out of their seats and propriety.</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p class="author">"Carmarthen, October 2. 1850. + + <p>"As we intend to enter the Matrimonial State, on Tuesday, the 22nd of + October instant, we are encouraged by our Friends to make a Bidding on + the occasion the same day, at the New Market House, near the Market + Place; when and where the favour of your good and agreeable company is + respectfully solicited, and whatever donation you may be pleased to + confer on us then, will be thankfully received, warmly acknowledged, and + cheerfully repaid whenever called for on a similar occasion,</p> + + <p class="author">By your most obedient Servants,<br /><span class="sc">Henry Jones</span>,<br />(Shoemaker,)<br /><span class="sc">Eliza Davies</span>. + + <p>"The Young Man, his Father (John Jones, Shoemaker), his Sister (Mary + Jones), his Grandmother (Nurse Jones), his Uncle and Aunt (George Jones, + <!-- Page 115 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page115"></a>{115}</span>Painter, and Mary, his wife), and his Aunt + (Elizabeth Rees), desire that all gifts due to them be returned to the + Young Man on the above day, and will be thankful for all additional + favours.</p> + + <p>"The Young Woman, her Father and Mother (Evan Davies, Pig-drover, and + Margaret, his wife), and her Brother and Sisters (John, Hannah, Jane, and + Anne Davies), desire that all gifts of the above nature due to them be + returned to the Young Woman on the above day, and will be thankful for + all additional favours conferred."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">W. Spurrell</span>. + +<hr class="short" > + +<h3>COLERIDGE'S "RELIGIOUS MUSINGS."</h3> + + <p>Some readers of "<span class="sc">Notes and Queries</span>" may be + interested in a reading of a few lines in this poem which varies from + that given in Pickering's edition of the <i>Poems</i>, 1844. In that + edition the verses I refer to stand thus (p. 69):</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"For in his own, and in his Father's might,</p> + <p>The Saviour comes! While as the Thousand Years</p> + <p>Lead up their mystic dance, the Desert shouts!</p> + <p>Old Ocean claps his hands! The mighty Dead</p> + <p>Rise to new life, whoe'er from earliest time</p> + <p>With conscious zeal had urged Love's wondrous plan,</p> + <p>Coadjutors of God."</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>I happen to be in possession of these lines as originally written, in + Coleridge's own hand, on a detached piece of paper. It will be seen that + they have been much altered in the printed edition above cited. I am now + copying from Coleridge's autograph:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"For in his own, and in his Father's Might,</p> + <p>Heaven blazing in his train, the <span class="sc">Saviour</span> comes!</p> + <p>To solemn symphonies of Truth and Love</p> + <p>The <span class="sc">Thousand Years</span> lead up their mystic dance.</p> + <p>Old Ocean claps his hands, the Desert shouts,</p> + <p>And vernal Breezes wafting seraph sounds</p> + <p>Melt the primæval North. The Mighty Dead</p> + <p>Rise from their tombs, whoe'e[r] from earliest time</p> + <p>With conscious zeal had aided the vast plan</p> + <p>Of Love Almighty."</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>The variations of the printed poem from this MS. fragment appear to me + of sufficient importance to warrant my supposition that many readers and + admirers of Coleridge may be glad to have the original text restored.</p> + + <p class="author">H. G. T. + + <p>Launceston.</p> + +<hr class="short" > + +<h3>FOLK LORE.</h3> + + <p><i>Lammer Beads</i>—Lammer, or Lama beads are so called from an + order of priests of that name among the western Tartars. The Lamas are + extremely superstitious, and pretend to magic. Amber was in high repute + as a charm during the plague of London, and was worn by prelates of the + Church. John Baptist Van Helmont (<i>Ternary of Paradoxes</i>, London, + 1650) says, that</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"A translucid piece of amber rubbed on the jugular artery, on the hand + wrists, near the instep, and on the throne of the heart, and then hung + about the neck,"</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>was a most certain preventative of (if not a cure for) the plague; the + profound success of which Van Helmont attributes to its magnetic or + sympathetic virtue.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Blowen</span>. + +<hr class="short" > + + <p><i>Engraved Warming-pans</i>.—Allow me to add another + illustration to the list furnished by H. G. T., p. 84. One which I + purchased a few years ago of a cottager at Shotover, in Oxfordshire, has + the royal arms surmounted by C. R., and surrounded by</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p><span class="scac">"FEARE GOD HONNOR Y<sup>E</sup> KING, + 1662."</span></p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>The lid and pan are of brass, the handle of iron.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">E. B. Price</span>. + +<hr class="short" > + + <p><i>Queen Elizabeth's Christening Cloth</i>.—The mention (in the + first No. of your 3rd Vol.) of some damasked linen which belonged to + James II. reminds me of a relic which I possess, and the description of + which may interest some of your readers.</p> + + <p>It is the half of Queen Elizabeth's christening cloth, which came into + my possession through a Mrs. Goodwin. A scrap of paper which accompanies + it gives the following account of it:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"It was given by an old lady to Mrs. Goodwin; she obtained it from one + of the Strafford family, who was an attendant upon the Queen. The other + half Mrs. Goodwin has seen at High Fernby, in Yorkshire, a place + belonging to the family of the Rooks, in high preservation. In its + original state, it was lined with a rose-coloured lutestring, with a + flounce of the same about a quarter deep. The old lady being very + notable, found some use for the silk, and used to cover the china which + stood in the best parlour with this remains of antiquity."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>The christening cloth is of a thread net, worked in with blue and + yellow silk, and gold cord. It must have been once very handsome, but is + now somewhat the worse for wear and time. It is about 2½ feet wide and 3½ + feet in length, so that the entire length must have been about 7 + feet.</p> + + <p>Can any one inform me whether the remaining half of this interesting + relic <span class="scac">STILL</span> exists; as the notice attached to + it, and mentioning its locality, must now be fifty years old at + least?</p> + + <p class="author">H. A. B. + +<hr class="full" > + +<h2>Minor Notes.</h2> + + <p><i>The Breeches Bible</i>.—The able and interesting article on + the Breeches Bible which appeared in a late number of "<span + class="sc">Notes and Queries</span>" (Vol. iii., p. 17.) is calculated to + remove the deep-rooted popular error which affixes great pecuniary value + to <!-- Page 116 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page116"></a>{116}</span>every edition of the Bible in which the + words "made themselves breeches" are to be found, by showing that such + Bibles are generally only worth about as many shillings as they are + supposed to be worth pounds. It is worth noting, with reference to this + translation, that in the valuable early English version, known as + Wickliffe's Bible, just published by the university of Oxford, the + passage in Genesis (cap. iii. v. 7.) is translated "thei soweden togidre + leeues of a fige tree and maden hem brechis."</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Effessa.</span> + + <p><i>Origin of the present Race of English.</i>—In Southey's + <i>Letters of Espriella</i> (Letter xxiv., p. 274., 3rd edit.), there is + a remark, that the dark hair of the English people, as compared with the + Northern Germans, seems to indicate a considerable admixture of southern + blood. Now, in all modern ethnological works, this fact of present + complexion seems to be entirely overlooked. But it is a fact, and + deserves attention. Either it is the effect of climate, in which case the + moral as well as the physical man must have altered from the original + stock, or it arises from there being more "ungerman" blood flowing in + English veins than is acknowledged. May I hazard a few conjectures?</p> + + <p>1. Are we not apt to underrate the number of Romanised Celts remaining + in England after the Saxon Conquest? The victors would surely enslave a + vast multitude, and marry many Celtic women; while those who fled at the + first danger would gradually return to their old haunts. Under such + circumstances, that the language should have been changed is no + wonder.</p> + + <p>2. Long before the Norman Conquest there was a great intercourse + between England and France, and many settlers from the latter country + came over here. This, by the way, may account for that gradual change of + the Anglo-Saxon language mentioned as observable prior to the + Conquest.</p> + + <p>3. The army of the Conqueror was recruited from all parts of France, + and was not simply Norman. When the men who composed it came into + possession of this country, they clearly must have sent home for their + wives and families; and many who took no part in the invasion no doubt + came to share the spoils. Taking this into account, we shall find the + Norman part of the population to have borne no small proportion to the + <i>then</i> inhabitants of England. It is important to bear in mind the + probable increase of population since 1066 <span + class="scac">A.D.</span></p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Terra Martis.</span> + + <p><i>True Blue.</i>—I find the following account of this phrase in + my note-book, but I cannot at present say whence I obtained + it:—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"The first assumption of the phrase 'true blue' was by the Covenanters + in opposition to the scarlet badge of Charles I., and hence it was taken + by the troops of Leslie in 1639. The adoption of the colour was one of + those religious pedantries in which the Covenanters affected a + Pharisaical observance of the scriptural letter and the usages of the + Hebrews; and thus, as they named their children Habakkuk and Zerubbabel, + and their chapels Zion and Ebenezer, they decorated their persons with + blue ribbons because the following sumptuary precept was given in the law + of Moses:—</p> + + <p>"'Speak to the children of Israel, and tell them to make to themselves + fringes on the borders of their garments, putting in them ribbons of + blue.'"—<i>Numb.</i> xv. 38.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author">E. L. N. + + <p>"<i>By Hook or by Crook.</i>"—The destruction caused by the Fire + of London, <span class="scac">A.D.</span> 1666, during which some 13,200 + houses, &c., were burnt down, in very many cases obliterated all the + boundary-marks requisite to determine the extent of land, and even the + very sites occupied by buildings, previously to this terrible visitation. + When the rubbish was removed, and the land cleared, the disputes and + entangled claims of those whose houses had been destroyed, both as to the + position and extent of their property, promised not only interminable + occupation to the courts of law, but made the far more serious evil of + delaying the rebuilding of the city, until these disputes were settled, + inevitable. Impelled by the necessity of coming to a more speedy + settlement of their respective claims than could be hoped for from legal + process, it was determined that the claims and interests of all persons + concerned should be referred to the judgment and decision of two of the + most experienced land-surveyors of that day,—men who had been + thoroughly acquainted with London previously to the fire; and in order to + escape from the numerous and vast evils which mere delay must occasion, + that the decision of these two arbitrators should be final and binding. + The surveyors appointed to determine the rights of the various claimants + were Mr. Hook and Mr. Crook, who by the justice of their decisions gave + general satisfaction to the interested parties, and by their speedy + determination of the different claims, permitted the rebuilding of the + city to proceed without the least delay. Hence arose the saying above + quoted, usually applied to the extrication of persons or things from a + difficulty. The above anecdote was told the other evening by an old + citizen upwards of eighty, by no means of an imaginative temperament.</p> + + <p class="author">J. D. S. + + <p>Putney, Feb. 1. 1851.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[We insert the above, as one of the many explanations which have been + given of this very popular phrase—although we believe the correct + origin to be the right of taking <i>fire-bote by hook or by crook</i>. + See <span class="sc">Notes and Queries</span>, Vol. i., pp. 281. and + 405.]</p> + +</div> + + <p><i>Record of Existing Monuments.</i>—I have some time since read + your remarks in Vol. iii., p. 14. of "<span class="sc">Notes and + Queries</span>," on the Rev. J. Hewett's <i>Monumentarum</i> of Exeter + Cathedral, and intend in <!-- Page 117 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page117"></a>{117}</span>a short time to follow the advice you have + there given to "superabundant brass-rubbers," of copying the inscriptions + in the churches and churchyards of the hundred of Manley. The plan I + intend to pursue is, to copy in full every inscription of an earlier date + than 1750; also, all more modern ones which are in any way remarkable as + relating to distinguished persons, or containing any peculiarity worthy + of note. The rest I shall reduce into a tabular form.</p> + + <p>The inscriptions of each church I shall arrange chronologically, and + form an alphabetical index to each inscription in the hundred.</p> + + <p>By this means I flatter myself a great mass of valuable matter may be + accumulated, a transcript of which may not be entirely unworthy of a + place on the shelves of the British Museum.</p> + + <p>I have taken the liberty of informing you of my intention, and beg + that if you can suggest to me any plan which is better calculated for the + purpose than the one I have described, you will do so.</p> + + <p>Would it not be possible, if a few persons in each county were to + begin to copy the inscriptions on the plan that I have described, that in + process of time a copy of every inscription in every church in England + might be ready for reference in our national library?</p> + + <p>Perhaps you will have the goodness, if you know of any one who like + myself is about to undertake the task of copying inscriptions in his own + neighbourhood, to inform me, that I may communicate with him, so that, if + possible, our plans may be in unison.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Edw. Peacock, Jun.</span> + + <p>Bottesford Moors, Messingham, Kirton Lindsey.</p> + +<div class="note"> + <p>[We trust the example set by Mr. Hewett, and now about to be followed + by our correspondent, is destined to find many imitators.]</p> + +</div> + +<hr class="full" > + +<h2>Queries.</h2> + +<h3>FIVE QUERIES AND NOTES ON BOOKS, MEN, AND AUTHORS.</h3> + + <p>1. <i>Newburgh Hamilton</i>.—Can any of your readers inform me + who Newburgh Hamilton was? He wrote two pieces in my library, viz. (1.) + <i>Petticoat Plotter</i>, a farce in two acts; acted at Drury Lane and + Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, 1720, 12mo. This has been mutilated by + Henry Ward, a York comedian, and actually printed by him as his + <i>own</i> production, in the collection of plays and poems going under + his name, published in 1745, 8vo., a copy of which I purchased at + Nassau's sale, many years since. (2.) <i>The Doating Lovers, or the + Libertine Tamed</i>, a comedy in five acts; acted in Lincoln's Inn + Fields. It is dedicated to the Duchess of Hamilton and Brandon, whose + "elegant taste and nice judgment in the most polite entertainments of the + age," as well as her "piercing wit," are eulogised. Accident gave me a + copy of Mr. Hamilton's book-plate, which consists of the crest and motto + of the ducal race of Hamilton in a very curious framework,—the top + being a row of music-books, whilst the sides and bottom are decorated + with musical instruments, indicative, probably, of the tastes of Mr. + Hamilton.</p> + + <p>2. <i>The Children's Petition.</i>—I have also a very + extraordinary little book, of which I never saw another copy. It formerly + belonged to Michael Lort, and is entitled</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"The Children's Petition, or a Modest Remonstrance of that Intolerable + Grievance our Youth lie under, in the accustomed Severities of the School + Discipline of this Nation. Humbly presented to the Consideration of the + Parliament. Licensed Nov. 10. 1669, by Roger L'Estrange. London, 1669. + 18mo."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>The object of this most singular production is to put down the + flagellation of boys in that particular part of the body wherein honour + is said to be placed; and the arguments adduced are not very easily + answered. The author, whoever he was, had reason, as well as learning, on + his side. I am not aware of any other copy north the Tweed; but there may + be copies in some of the libraries south of that river.</p> + + <p>3. <i>Dr. Anthony Horneck.</i>—Do any of the letters of the once + celebrated Dr. Anthony Horneck exist in any library, public or private? + His only daughter married Mr. Barneveldt; and his son, who served with + Marlborough, left issue, which failed in the male line, but still exists + in the female line, in the representative of Henry William Bunting, Esq., + the caricaturist. The writer of these Queries is the direct descendant of + Mrs. Barneveldt, and is anxious to know whether any unpublished MSS. of + his ancestors still exist. There was a Philip Horneck who in 1709 + published an ode inscribed to his excellency the Earl of Wharton, wherein + he is described as LL.B., a copy of which I have. There can be no doubt + he is the individual introduced by Pope in the <i>Dunciad</i>, book iii. + line 152.; but what I wish to know is, whether he was a son of Dr. + Horneck, and a brother of the general.</p> + + <p>4. In Clifford's <i>History of the Paul of Tixall</i>, the name of the + real author of <i>Gaudentio di Lucca</i> is given. Every reliance may be + attached to the accuracy of the information there given, not only on + account of the undoubted respectability of the author, but from the + evident means of knowledge which he, as a Roman Catholic of distinction, + must have had.</p> + + <p>5. <i>The Travels of Baron Munchausen</i> were written to ridicule + Bruce, the Abyssinian traveller, whose adventures were at the time deemed + fictitious. Bruce was a most upright, honest man, and recorded nothing + but what he had seen; nevertheless, as is always the case, a host of + detractors buzzed about him, and he was so much vexed at the impeachment + of his veracity, that he let them get their own way. Munchausen, a + veritable <!-- Page 118 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page118"></a>{118}</span>name—the real possessor of which + died in October, 1817—was assumed, and poor Bruce was travestied + very cleverly, but most unjustly. The real author has not been + ascertained; but at one time it was believed to have been James Grahame, + afterwards a Scotch barrister, and author of a poem of much beauty, + called <i>The Sabbath</i>. Circumstances which came to my knowledge, + coupled with the exceedingly loveable character of Grahame, render this + belief now incredible; but undoubtedly he knew who the real author was. + The copy in my library is in two volumes: the <i>first</i>, said to be + the second edition, "considerably enlarged, and ornamented with twenty + explanatory engravings from original designs," is entitled <i>Gulliver + Revived: or the Vice of Lying properly exposed</i>, and was printed for + the Kearsleys, at London, 1793. The <i>second</i> volume is called <i>A + Sequel to the Adventures of Baron Munchausen</i>, and is described as "a + new edition, with twenty capital copperplates, including the Baron's + portrait; humbly dedicated to Mr. Bruce, the Abyssinian traveller," was + published by H. D. Symonds, Paternoster Row, 1796. I had for years sought + for an original copy of this very singular work, and I at last was so + successful as to purchase the one above described, which had been picked + up by a bookseller at the sale of some books originally forming part of + the library at Hoddam Castle.</p> + + <p>On looking over a copy of Sir John Mandeville,</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Printed for J. Osborne, near Dockhead, Southwark; and James Hodges, + at the Looking Glass, on London Bridge:"</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>I observe he gives—at least there—no account whatever of + his peregrinations to the polar regions; and the notion of ascribing to + him the story of the frozen words is preposterous. I have not in my + library, but have read, the best edition of Sir John's <i>Travels</i> (I + don't mean the abominable reprint), but I do not remember anything of the + kind there. Indeed Sir John, like Marco Polo, was perfectly honest, + though some of their informants may not have been so.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. Me.</span> + +<hr class="full" > + +<h2>Minor Queries.</h2> + + <p><i>The Witches' Prayer.</i>—Can you inform me where I can find + the epigram alluded to by Addison, in No. 61. of the <i>Spectator</i>, as + "The Witches' Prayer," which falls into verse either way, only that it + reads "cursing" one way, and "blessing" the other? Or is the epigram only + a creation of the pleasing author's fertile imagination?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Doubtful.</span> + + <p>St. John's Wood.</p> + + <p><i>Water-buckets given to Sheriffs.</i>—Can any of your readers + inform me the origin of the delivery of water-buckets, glazed and painted + with the city arms, given to the sheriffs of London and Middlesex at the + expiration of the year of their shrievalty?</p> + + <p class="author">J. B. K. + + <p>Temple.</p> + + <p><i>A Cracow Pike.</i>—Can any of your readers tell me what <i>a + Cracow pike</i> is? I have searched Meyrick's works on <i>Ancient + Armour</i> without finding any notice of such a weapon; but as those + works have no indexes one cannot be certain that there may not be some + mention of it. I shall be obliged by a description of the Cracow pike, or + a reference to any authorities mentioning it, or its use.</p> + + <p class="author">I. H. T. + + <p><i>Meaning of Waste Book.</i>—Can you or any of your readers + inform me the origin of the term used in book-keeping, viz., <i>"Waste" + book</i>?</p> + + <p>I am the book-keeper and cashier in an extensive firm, and I know + there is very little <i>wasted</i> that goes into our books bearing that + name.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">One who often runs for the Great Ledger.</span> + + <p><i>Machell's MS. Collections for Westmoreland and + Cumberland.</i>—In the library of the dean and chapter at Carlisle, + are preserved six volumes in folio, which purport to be <i>Collections + for the History of Westmoreland and Cumberland, made in the Reign of + Charles II., by the Reverend Thomas Machell</i>. Have these collections + been carefully examined, and their contents made use of in any + topographical publication?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Edward F. Rimbault.</span> + + <p><i>Decking Churches at Christmas.</i>—Does the custom of + dressing the churches at Christmas with holly, and other evergreens, + prevail in any country besides England?</p> + + <p class="author">L. + + <p><i>Coinage of Germany.</i>—I should wish to be referred to the + names of the principal works on the coinage of Germany; not merely the + imperial, but that of sovereign prelates, abbeys, &c., that struck + money.</p> + + <p class="author">A. N. + + <p><i>Titles of Peers who are Bishops</i> (Vol. iii., p. 23.).—Why + is Lord Crewe always called so, and not Bishop of Durham, considering his + spiritual precedency? Was not Lord Bristol (who was an Earl) always + called Bishop of Derry?</p> + + <p class="author">Cx. + + <p><i>At Sixes and Sevens.</i>—Shakspeare uses the well-known + adage—"at sixes and sevens;" Bacon, Hudibras, Arbuthnot, Swift, all + use the proverb. Why should sixes and sevens be more congruous with + disorder than "twos and threes?" and whence comes the saying?</p> + + <p class="author">D. C. + + <p><i>Shaking Hands.</i>—What is the origin of the custom of + <i>shaking hands</i> in token of friendship? And were the <i>clasped + hands</i> (now the common symbol of Benefit Clubs) ever used as a signet, + prior to their adoption as such by the early Christians in their wedding + rings; or, did these rings <!-- Page 119 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page119"></a>{119}</span>bear any other motto, or posy, than "Fides + annulus castus" (i. e. <i>simplex et sine gemmâ</i>)?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">J. Sansom.</span> + + <p><i>George Steevens.</i>—Can any of your readers inform me + whether a memoir of George Steevens, the Shakspearian commentator, ever + was published? Of course I have seen the biographical sketch in the + <i>Gentleman's Magazine</i>, the paragraph in Nichols' <i>Anecdotes</i>, + and many like incidental notices. Steevens, who died in January, 1800, + left the bulk of his property to his cousin, Miss Elizabeth Steevens, of + Poplar; and as there is no reservation nor special bequest in the will, I + presume she took possession of his books and manuscripts. The books were + sold by auction; but what has become of the manuscripts?</p> + + <p class="author">A. Z. + + <p><i>Extradition.</i>—The discussion which was occasioned, some + time ago, by the sudden transference of the word <i>extradition</i> into + our diplomatic phraseology, must be still in the recollection of your + readers. Some were opposed to this change on the ground that + <i>extradition</i> is not English; others justified its adoption, for the + very reason that we have no corresponding term for it; and one gentleman + resolved the question by urging that, "si le mot n'est pas Anglais, il + mérite de l'être." I believe there is no reference in "<span + class="sc">Notes and Queries</span>" to this controversy; nor do I now + refer to it with any intention of reviving discussion on a point which + seems to have been set at rest by the acquiescence of public opinion. I + wish merely to put one or two Queries, which have been suggested to me by + the <i>fact</i> that <i>extradition</i> is now generally employed as an + English word.</p> + + <p>1. Is there any contingency in which the meaning of the word + <i>extradition</i> may not be sufficiently expressed by the verb <i>to + deliver up</i>, or the substantive <i>restitution</i>?</p> + + <p>2. If so, how has its place been supplied heretofore in our diplomatic + correspondence?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Henry H. Breen.</span> + + <p>St. Lucia, Dec. 1850.</p> + + <p><i>Singing of Metrical Psalms and Hymns in Churches.</i>—1. When + and how did the custom of singing metrical psalms and hymns in churches + originate? 2. By what authority was it sanctioned? 3. At what parts of + the service were these psalms and hymns directed to be introduced? 4. Was + this custom contemplated by the compilers of the Book of Common + Prayer?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Arun.</span> + + <p><i>Ormonde Portraits.</i>—I shall feel much obliged by + information on the following points:—</p> + + <p>1. Whether <i>any</i> portrait of Thomas Earl of Ormonde has been + published? He died in the year 1614.</p> + + <p>2. <i>How many</i> engraved portraits of Thomas, the famous Lord + Ossory, have been issued? their dates, and the engravers' names.</p> + + <p>3. <i>How many</i> engraved portraits of the first and second Dukes of + Ormonde, respectively, have appeared? their dates, and engravers' + names.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">James Graves.</span> + + <p>Kilkenny, Jan. 31. 1851.</p> + + <p><i>Tradescant.</i>—In the inscription on the tomb of the + Tradescants in Lambeth churchyard, which it is proposed to restore as + soon as possible, these two lines occur:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"These famous antiquarians, that had been</p> + <p>Both gardeners to the Rose and Lily queen."</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>Can any of your readers inform me <i>when</i> the elder Tradescant + came over to England, and when he was appointed royal gardener? Was it + not in the reign of Elizabeth?</p> + + <p class="author">J. C. B. + + <p>Lambeth.</p> + + <p><i>Arthur's Seat and Salisbury Craigs.</i>—L. M. M. R. is very + anxious to be informed as to the origin of the name of Arthur's Seat and + Salisbury Craigs, the well-known hill and rocks close to Edinburgh.</p> + + <p><i>Lincoln Missal.</i>—Is a manuscript of the missal, according + to the use of the church of Lincoln, known to exist? and, if so, where + may it be seen?</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Edward Peacock, Jun.</span> + +<hr class="full" > + +<h2>Replies.</h2> + +<h3>MEANING OF EISELL.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. iii., p. 66.)</p> + + <p>I must beg a very small portion of your space to reply to your + correspondent H. K. S. C., who criticises so pleasantly my remarks on the + meaning of "eisell." The question is: Does the meaning <span + class="sc">Mr. Singer</span> attaches to this word require in the passage + cited the expression of quantity to make it definite? I am disposed to + think that a definite quantity may be sometimes understood, in a + well-defined act, although it be <i>not</i> expressed. On the other hand, + your correspondent should know that English idiom requires that the name + of a river should be preceded by the definite article, unless it be + personified; and that whenever it is used without the article, it is + represented by the personal pronoun <i>he</i>. Though a man were able "to + drink <i>the Thames</i> dry," he could no more "drink up <i>Thames</i>" + than he could drink up <i>Neptune</i>, or the sea-serpent, or do any + other impossible feat.</p> + + <p>I observed before, that "the notion of drinking up a river would be + both unmeaning and out of place." I said this, with the conviction that + there was a purpose in everything that Shakspeare wrote; and being still + of this persuasion, allow me to protest against the terms "mere verbiage" + and "extravagant rant," which your correspondent applies to the passage + in question. The poet does not present common things as they appear to + all men. Shakspeare's art was equally great, <!-- Page 120 --><span + class="pagenum"><a name="page120"></a>{120}</span>whether he spoke with + the tongues of madmen or philosophers. H. K. S. C. cannot conceive why + each feat of daring should be a tame possibility, save only the last; but + I say that they are <i>all</i> possible; that it was a daring to do not + impossible but extravagant feats. As far as quantity is concerned, to eat + a crocodile would be more than to eat an ox. Crocodile may be a very + delicate meat, for anything I know to the contrary; but I must confess it + appears to me to be introduced as something loathsome or repulsive, and + (on the poet's part) to cap the absurdity of the preceding feat. The use + made by other writers of a passage is one of the most valuable kinds of + comment. In a burlesque some years ago, I recollect a passage was brought + to a climax with the very words, "Wilt eat a crocodile?" The immediate + and natural response was—<i>not</i> "the thing's impossible!" + but—"you nasty beast!" What a descent then from the drinking up of + a river to a merely disagreeable repast. In the one case the object is + clear and intelligible, and the last feat is suggested by the not so + difficult but little less extravagant preceding one; in the other, each + is unmeaning (in reference to the speaker), unsuggested, and, unconnected + with the other; and, regarding the order an artist would observe, out of + place.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Samuel Hickson</span>. + + <p>St. John's Wood, Jan. 27. 1851.</p> + + <p>P.S. In replying to Mr. G. <span class="sc">Stephens</span>, in + reference to the meaning of a passage in the <i>Tempest</i>, I expressed + a wish that he would give the meaning of what he called a "common + ellipsis" "stated <i>at full</i>." This stands in your columns (Vol. ii., + p. 499.) "at first," in which expression I am afraid he would be puzzled + to find any meaning.</p> + +<hr class="short" > + + <p>I might safely leave H. K. S. C. to the same gentle correction + bestowed upon a neighbour of his at Brixton some time since, by <span + class="sc">Mr. Hickson</span>, but I must not allow him to support his + dogmatic and flippant hypercriticism by falsehood and unfounded + insinuation, and I therefore beg leave to assure him that I have no claim + to the enviable distinction of being designated as the friend of <span + class="sc">Mr. Hickson</span>, to whom I am an utter stranger, having + never seen him, and knowing nothing of that gentleman but what his very + valuable communications to your publication conveys.</p> + + <p>I have further to complain of the want of truth in the very first + paragraph of your correspondent's note: the question respecting the + meaning of "Eisell" does <i>not</i> "remain substantially where Steevens + and Malone left it;" for I have at least shown that <i>Eisell</i> meant + <i>Wormwood</i>, and that Shakspeare has elsewhere undoubtedly used it in + that sense.</p> + + <p>Again: the remark about the fashion of extravagant feats, such as + swallowing nauseous draughts in honour of a mistress, was quite uncalled + for. Your correspondent would insinuate that I attribute to Shakspeare's + time "what in reality belongs to the age of Du Guesclin and the + Troubadours." Does he mean to infer that it did not in reality equally + belong to Shakspeare's age? or that I was ignorant of its earlier + prevalence?</p> + + <p>The purport of such remarks is but too obvious; but he may rest + assured that they will not tend to strengthen his argument, if argument + it can be called, for I must confess I do not understand what he means by + his "definite quantity." But the phrase <i>drink up</i> is his + stalking-horse; and as he is no doubt familiar with the <i>Nursery + Rhymes</i><a name="footnotetag1" href="#footnote1"><sup>[1]</sup></a>, a + passage in them—</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Eat up your cake, Jenny,</p> + <p><i>Drink up</i> your wine."</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>may perhaps afford him further apt illustration.</p> + + <p>The proverb tells us "It is dangerous playing with edge tools," and so + it is with bad puns: he has shown himself an unskilful engineer in the + use of <span class="sc">Mr. Hickson</span>'s canon, with which he was to + have "blown up" <span class="sc">Mr. Hickson</span>'s argument and my + proposition; with what success may be fairly left to the judgment of your + readers. I will, however, give him another canon, which may be of use to + him on some future occasion: "When a probable solution of a difficulty is + to be found by a parallelism in the poet's pages, it is better to adopt + it than to charge him with a blunder of our own creating."</p> + + <p>The allusion to "breaking Priscian's head" reminds one of the remark + of a witty friend on a similar occasion, that "there are some heads not + easily broken, but the owners of them have often the fatuity to run them + against stumbling-blocks of their own making."</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">S. W. Singer</span>. + +<div class="note"> + <a name="footnote1"></a><b>Footnote 1:</b><a + href="#footnotetag1">(return)</a> + <p><i>Nursery Rhymes</i>, edited by James Orchard Halliwell, Esq., F. R. + S., &c.</p> + +</div> +<hr class="short" > + +<h3>DESCENT OF HENRY IV.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. ii., p. 375.)</p> + + <p>Under the head of "Descent of Edward IV.," S. A. Y. asks for + information concerning "a popular, though probably groundless tradition," + by which that prince sought to prove his title to the throne of England. + S. A. Y., or his authority, Professor Millar, is mistaken in ascribing it + to Edward IV.—it was Henry IV. who so sought to establish his + claim.</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Upon Richard II.'s resignation ... Henry, Duke of Lancaster, having + then a large army in the kingdom ... it was impossible for any other + title to be asserted with safety, and he became king under the title of + Henry IV. He was, nevertheless, not admitted to the crown until he had + declared that he <!-- Page 121 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page121"></a>{121}</span>claimed, not as a conqueror (which he was + much inclined to do), but as a successor descended by right line of the + blood royal.... And in order to this he set up a show of two titles: the + one upon the pretence of being the first of the blood royal of the entire + male line; whereas the Duke of Clarence (Lionel, elder brother of John of + Gaunt) left only one daughter, Philippa: the other, by reviving an + exploded rumour, first propagated by John of Gaunt, that Edmond Earl of + Lancaster (to whom Henry's mother was heiress) was in reality the elder + brother of King Edward I., though his parents, on account of his personal + deformity, had imposed him on the world for the + younger."—Blackstone's <i>Commentaries</i>, book i. ch. iii. p. + 203. of edit. 1787.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>This Edmond, Earl of Lancaster, was succeeded by his son Thomas, who + in the fifteenth year of the reign of Edward II. was attainted of high + treason. In the first of Edward III. his attainder was reversed, and his + son Henry inherited his titles, and subsequently was created Duke of + Lancaster. Blanche, daughter of Henry, first Duke of Lancaster, + subsequently became his heir, and was second wife to John of Gaunt, and + mother to Henry IV.</p> + + <p>Edward IV.'s claim to the throne was by descent from Lionel, Duke of + Clarence, third son of Edward III., his mother being Cicely, youngest + daughter of Ralph Neville, Earl of Westmoreland. Lionel married Elizabeth + de Burgh, an Irish heiress, who died shortly after, leaving one daughter, + Philippa. As William of Hatfield, second son of Edward III., died at an + early age, without issue, according to all our ideas of hereditary + succession Philippa, only child of Edward III.'s third son, ought to have + inherited before the son of his fourth son; and Sir Edward Coke expressly + declares, that the right of the crown was in the descent from Philippa, + daughter and heir of Lionel, Duke of Clarence. Henry IV.'s right, + however, was incontestable, being based on overwhelming might. Philippa + married Edward Mortimer, Earl of March. Roger, their son, succeeded his + father in his titles, and left one daughter, Anne, who married Richard, + Earl of Cambridge, son of Edmund Langley, Duke of York, which Edmund, + Duke of York, was the fifth son of Edward III.; and thus the line of + York, though a younger branch of the royal family, took precedence, <i>de + jure</i>, of the Lancaster line. From this union sprang Richard, Duke of + York, who was killed under the walls of Sandal Castle, and who left his + titles and pretensions to Edward, afterwards the fourth king of that + name.</p> + + <p>The above is taken from several authorities, among which are + Blackstone's <i>Comm.</i>, book i. ch. iii.; and Miss Strickland's + <i>Lives of the Queens of England</i>, vols. ii. iii. iv.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Tee Bee</span>. + +<hr class="short" > + +<h3>FOSSIL ELK OF IRELAND.</h3> + +<p class="cenhead">(Vol. ii., p. 494.; Vol. iii., p. 26.)</p> + + <p>W. R. C. states that he is anxious to collect all possible information + as to this once noble animal. I would have offered the following notes + and references sooner, but that I was confident that some abler + contributor to the pages of "<span class="sc">Notes and Queries</span>" + would have brought out of his stores much to interest your natural + history readers (whose Queries I regret are so few and far between), and + at the same time elucidate some points touched upon by W. R. C., as to + the period of its becoming extinct. Perhaps he would favour me with the + particulars of "its being shot in 1553," and a particular reference to + the plate alluded to in the <i>Nuremberg Chronicle</i>, as I have not + been able to recognise in <i>any</i> of its plates the Cervus Megaceros, + and I am disposed to question the correctness of the statement, that the + animal existed so lately as the period referred to.</p> + + <p>There is in the splendid collections of the Royal Dublin Society + (which, unfortunately, is not arranged as it should be, from want of + proper space), a fine <i>skeleton</i> of this animal, the <i>first</i> + perfect one possessed by any public body in Europe:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"It is perfect" [I quote the admirable memoir drawn up for the Royal + Dublin Society by that able comparative anatomist Dr. John Hart, which + will amply repay a perusal by W. R. C., or any other naturalist who may + feel an interest in the subject] "in every single bone of the framework + which contributes to form a part of the general outline, the spine, the + chest, the pelvis, and the extremities are all complete in this respect; + and when surmounted by the head and <i>beautifully expanded antlers</i>, + which extend out to a distance of nearly six feet on either side, form a + splendid display of the reliques of the former grandeur of the animal + kingdom, and carries back the imagination to the period when whole herds + of this noble animal wandered at large over the face of the country."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Until Baron Cuvier published his account of these remains, they were + generally supposed to be the same as those of the Moose deer or elk of N. + America. (Vide <i>Ann. du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle</i>, tom. xii., and + <i>Ossemens Fossiles</i>, tom. iv.) This error seems to have originated + with Dr. Molyneux in 1697. (Vide <i>Phil. Trans.</i>, vol. xix.)</p> + + <p>The perforated rib referred to was presented to the society by + Archdeacon Maunsell, and</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"contains an oval opening towards its lower edge, the long diameter of + which is parallel to the length of the rib, its margin is depressed on + the outer and raised on the inner surface; round which there is an + irregular effusion of callus.... In fact, such a wound as would be + produced by the head of an arrow remaining in the wound after the shaft + had broken off."—Hart's <i>Memoir</i>, p. 29.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>There are in the Museum of Trinity College, Dublin, a very complete + and interesting series of <!-- Page 122 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page122"></a>{122}</span>antlered skulls of this animal. Should + W. R. C. or any other reader of "<span class="sc">Notes and + Queries</span>," desire further information on this subject, I will + gladly, if in my power, afford it.</p> + + <p class="author">S. P. H. T. (a M. R. D. S.) + +<hr class="full" > + +<h2>Replies to Minor Queries.</h2> + + <p><i>Coverdale Bible</i> (Vol. iii., p. 54.).—Your correspondent + <span class="sc">Echo</span> is quite right in declaring Mr. Granville + Penn's statement, that Coverdale used Tyndale's <i>New Test</i>. in his + Bible of 1535, to be quite wrong. Mr. Penn very probably took his + statement from the Preface to D'Oyley and Mant's Bible, as published by + the Christian Knowledge Society, which contains a very erroneous account + of the earliest English versions.</p> + + <p>Tyndale's version of the New Testament was not incorporated in any + version of the whole Bible till the publication of what is called + Matthewe's Bible in 1537.</p> + + <p>For more particular statements confirmed by proofs, your correspondent + may consult Anderson's <i>Annals of the English Bible</i>, under the + dates of the respective editions, or his appendix to vol. ii., pp. viii., + ix.; or Mr. Pearson's biographical notice of Coverdale, prefixed to the + Parker Soc. edit. of his <i>Remains</i>; or the biographical notice of + Tyndale, prefixed to the Parker Soc. edit. of his Works, pp. lxxiv., + lxxv.; or <i>Two Letters to Bishop Marsh on the Independence of the + Authorised Version</i>, published for me by Hatchard in 1827 and + 1828.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Henry Walter</span>. + +<hr class="short" > + + <p><i>Epitaph</i> (Vol. iii., p. 57.).—The name of the "worthie + knyght" is <i>Sir Thomas Gravener</i>, as A. B. R. might have seen in the + printed Catalogue of the Harleian MSS. Who he was, is a more difficult + question to answer; but there was a family of that name settled in + Staffordshire, as appears from MS. Harl. 1476. fol. 250. The epitaph in + question (at fol. 28 b of the old numbering, or 24 b of the new, + <i>not</i> fol. 25 b.) is inserted among several short poems written by + Sir Thomas Wyatt; and the epitaph itself has a capital W affixed to it, + as if it were also of his composition: but I do not find it inserted in + Dr. Nott's edition of his poetical works, in 1816; nor does this MS. + appear to have been consulted by Dr. Nott. And here I may take the + liberty of remarking, how desirable it is that your correspondents, in + sending any extracts from old English MSS. to the "<span class="sc">Notes + and Queries</span>," should adhere strictly to the original orthography, + or else modernise it altogether. A. B. R. evidently intends to retain the + ancient spelling; yet, from haste or inadvertence, he has committed no + less than forty-four <i>literal</i> errors in transcribing this short + epitaph, and three <i>verbal</i> ones, namely, <i>itt</i> for <i>that</i> + (l. 11.), <i>Hys</i> for <i>The</i> (l. 14.), and <i>or</i> for + <i>and</i> (l. 17.). Another curious source of error may here be pointed + out. Nearly all the MSS. contained in the British Museum collections are + not only distinguished by a number, but have a <i>press-mark</i> stamped + on the back, which is denoted by <i>Plut.</i> (an abbreviation of + <i>Pluteus</i>, press), with the number and shelf. Thus the Harleian MS. + 78., referred to by A. B. R., stands in <i>press</i> (<i>Plut.</i>) + LXIII. <i>shelf</i> E. In consequence of the Cottonian collection having + been originally designated after the names of the twelve Cæsars (whose + busts, together with those of Cleopatra and Faustina, stood above the + presses), it appears to have been supposed that other classical names + served as references to the remaining portions of the manuscript + department. In A. B. R.'s communication, <i>Plut.</i> is expressed by the + name of <i>Pluto</i>; in a volume of Miss Strickland's <i>Lives of the + Queens of Scotland</i>, lately published, it is metamorphosed into + <i>Plutus</i>; and the late Dr. Adam Clarke refers to some of Dr. Dee's + MSS. in the <i>Sloane</i> (more correctly, <i>Cottonian</i>) library, + under <i>Plutarch</i> xvi. G! (See <i>Catalogue</i> of his MSS., 8vo., + 1835, p. 62.) The same amusing error is more formally repeated by Dr. + J. F. Payen, in a recent pamphlet, entitled <i>Nouveaux Documents inédits + ou peu connus sur Montaigne</i>, 8vo., 1850, at p. 24. of which he refers + to "Bibl. Egerton, vol. 23., <i>Plutarch</i>, f. 167.," [<i>Plut.</i> + CLXVII. F.], and adds in a note:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"On sait que dans nos bibliothèques les grandes divisions sont + marquées par les lettres de l'alphabet; <i>au Musée Britannique c'est par + des noms de personnages célèbres qu'on les designe</i>."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author"><span class="grk">μ</span>. + +<hr class="short" > + + <p><i>Probabilism</i> (Vol. iii., p. 61.).—Probabilism, so far as + it means the principle of reasoning or acting upon the opinion of eminent + teachers or writers, was the principle of the Pythagoreans, whose <i>ipse + dixit</i>, speaking of their master, is proverbial; and of Aristotle, in + his Topics.</p> + + <p>But probabilism, in its strict sense, I presume, means the doctrine so + common among the Jesuits, 200 years ago, and so well stated by Pascal, + that it is lawful to act upon an opinion expressed by a single writer of + weight, though contrary to one's own opinion, and entirely overbalanced, + either in weight or numbers, by the opinion of other writers.</p> + + <p>Jeremy Taylor, in his <i>Ductor Dubitantium</i>, tells us that this + doctrine, though very prevalent, was quite modern; and that the old + Casuists, according to the plain suggestions of common sense, held + directly the contrary, namely, that the less probable opinion must give + way to the more probable.</p> + + <p>All this may be no answer to the deeper research, perhaps, of your + enquirer,—but it may possibly be interesting to general readers, as + well as the following refined and ingenious sophism which was used in its + support:—They said that all agreed that you could not be wrong in + using the more probable, best supported, <!-- Page 123 --><span + class="pagenum"><a name="page123"></a>{123}</span>opinion of the two. + Now, let that in the particular case in question be A, and the less + probable B. But the doctrine that you may lawfully take the less probable + in general is the more probable doctrine; meaning at that time the + doctrine of the greater number of authorities: therefore they said, even + upon your principles it is lawful to take B.</p> + + <p class="author">C. B. + + <p><i>Old Hewson the Cobbler</i> (Vol. iii., pp. 11. 73.).—The most + satisfactory account of "old Hewson" is the following, extracted from + <i>The Loyal Martyrology, by William Winstanley</i>, small 8vo. 1665, (p. + 123.):—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"John Hewson, who, from a cobbler, rose by degrees to be a colonel, + and though a person of no parts either in body or mind, yet made by + Cromwell one of his pageant lords. He was a fellow fit for any mischief, + and capable of nothing else; a sordid lump of ignorance and impiety, and + therefore the more fit to share in Cromwell's designs, and to act in that + horrid murther of his Majesty. Upon the turn of the times, he ran away + for fear of Squire Dun [the common hangman], and (by report) is since + dead, and buried at Amsterdam."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>In the collection of songs entitled <i>The Rump</i>, 1666, may be + found two ballads relative to Hewson, viz., "A Hymne to the Gentle Craft; + or Hewson's Lamentation. To the tune of the Blind Beggar:"</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Listen a while to what I shall say</p> + <p>Of a blind cobbler that's gone astray</p> + <p>Out of the parliament's high way,</p> + <p class="i2">Good people pity the blind."</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>"The Cobbler's Last Will and Testament; or the Lord Hewson's + translation:"</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"To Christians all, I greeting send,</p> + <p>That they may learn their souls to amend</p> + <p>By viewing, of my <i>cobbler's end</i>."</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>Lord Hewson's "one eye" is a frequent subject of ridicule in the + political songs of the period. Thus in "The Bloody Bed-roll, or Treason + displayed in its Colours:"</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Make room for one-ey'd <span class="sc">Hewson</span>,</p> + <p>A Lord of such account,</p> + <p class="i1hg1">'Twas a pretty jest</p> + <p class="i1">That such a beast</p> + <p>Should to such honour mount."</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>The song inquired for by my friend <span class="sc">Mr. + Chapell</span>, beginning, "My name is old Hewson," is not contained in + any of the well-known printed collections of political songs and ballads, + nor is it to be found among the broadsides preserved in the King's + Pamphlets. A full index to the latter is now before me, so I make this + statement <i>positively</i>, and to save others the trouble of a + search.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Edward F. Rimbault.</span> + + <p><i>Old Hewson and Smollett's "Strap."</i>—Perhaps the enclosed + extract from an old newspaper of April, 1809, will throw some light upon + this subject:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + +<p class="cenhead">"<span class="scac">SMOLLETT'S CELEBRATED HUGH STRAP.</span></p> + + <p>"On Sunday was interred, in the burial-ground of St. + Martin's-in-the-Fields, the remains of Hugh Hewson, who died at the age + of 85. The deceased was a man of no mean celebrity. He had passed more + than forty years in the parish of St. Martin's, and kept a hair-dresser's + shop, being no less a personage than the identical <i>Hugh Strap</i>, + whom Dr. Smollett rendered so conspicuously interesting in his life and + adventures of Roderick Random. The deceased was a very intelligent man, + and took delight in recounting the scenes of his early life. He spoke + with pleasure of the time he passed in the service of the Doctor; and it + was his pride, as well as boast, to say, that he had been educated at the + same seminary with so learned and distinguished a character. His shop was + hung round with Latin quotations, and he would frequently point out to + his acquaintance the several scenes in Roderick Random, pertaining to + himself, which had their foundation, not in the Doctor's inventive fancy, + but in truth and reality. The Doctor's meeting with him at a barber's + shop at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, the subsequent mistake at the Inn, their + arrival together in London, and the assistance they experienced from + <i>Strap's</i> friend were all of that description. The deceased, to the + last, obtained a comfortable subsistence by his industry, and of late + years had been paid a weekly salary by the inhabitants of the Adelphi, + for keeping the entrances to Villiers-walk, and securing the promenade + from the intrusion of strangers."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">John Francis</span>. + + <p><i>Rodolph Gualter</i> (Vol. iii., p. 8.).—From letters to and + from Rodolph Gualter (in <i>Zurich</i>, and <i>Original Letters, Parker + Society</i>) little can be gathered; thus much have I gleaned, that + though mention is oftentimes made of Scotland, yet not sufficient to + identify Gualter as being a native of that country; yet it should be + observed that he dedicated his Homilies on the Galatians to the King of + Scotland, <i>Zurich Letters</i> (second series) cxviii., see also, + cxxix., cxxx. These remarks may tend perchance to put J. C. R. on the + right track for obtaining true information.</p> + + <p class="author">N. E. R. (a Subscriber.) + + <p><i>Burning the Hill</i> (Vol. ii., pp. 441. 498.).—The provision + for <i>burning out</i> a delinquent miner, contained in the Mendip mine + laws, called Lord C. J. Choke's laws, first appeared in print in 1687; at + least I can find no earlier notice of them in any <i>book</i>; but as the + usages sanctioned by them are incidentally mentioned in proceedings in + the Exchequer in 21 and 22 Elizabeth, they are no doubt of early date. + Article 6. certainly has a very sanguinary aspect; but as the thief, + whose hut and tools are to be burnt, is himself to be "<i>banished</i> + from his occupation before the miners for ever," it cannot be intended + that he should be himself burnt also. If any instance of the exercise of + a <!-- Page 124 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page124"></a>{124}</span>custom or law so clearly illegal had ever + occurred within recent times, we should have assuredly found some record + of it in the annals of criminal justice, as the executioner would + infallibly have been hanged. The regulations are probably an attempt by + some private hand to embody the local customs of the district, so far as + regards lead mining; and they contain the substance of the usual customs + prevalent in most metallic regions, where mines have been worked <i>ab + antiquo</i>. The first report of the Dean Forest Commission, 1839, f. + 12., adverts to a similar practice among the coal and iron miners in that + forest. It seems to be an instance of the <i>Droit des arsins</i>, or + right of arson, formerly claimed and exercised to a considerable extent, + and with great solemnity, in Picardy, Flanders, and other places; but I + know of no instance in which this wild species of metallifodine justice + has been claimed to apply to anything but the culprit's local habitation + and tools of trade. I need not add that the custom, even with this + limitation, would now be treated by the courts as a vulgar error, and + handed over to the exclusive jurisdiction of the legal antiquaries and + collectors of the Juris amœnitates.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">E. Smirke</span>. + + <p>"<i>Fronte capillata</i>," &c. (vol. iii., pp. 8. 43.).—The + couplet is much older than G. A. S. seems to think. The author is + Dionysius Cato,—"Catoun," as Chaucer calls him—in his book, + <i>Distichorum de Moribus</i>, lib. ii. D. xxvi.:</p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Rem tibi quam nosces aptam, dimittere noli:</p> + <p>Fronte capillata, post est Occasio calva."</p> + <p class="i2"><i>Corp. Poet. Lat.</i>, Frankfurt, 1832, p. 1195.</p> + </div> + </div> + <p>The history of this Dionysius Cato is unknown; and it has been hotly + disputed whether he were a Heathen or Christian; but he is <i>at + least</i> as old as the fourth century of the Christian era, being + mentioned by Vindicianus, chief physician in ordinary to the emperor, in + a letter to Valentinian I., <span class="scac">A.D.</span> 365. In the + illustrations of <i>The Baptistery</i>, Parker, Oxford, 1842, which are + re-engraved from the originals in the <i>Via Vitæ Eternæ</i>, designed by + Boetius a Bolswert, the figure of "Occasion" is always drawn with the + hair hanging loose in front, according to the distich.</p> + + <p class="author">E. A. D. + + <p><i>Time when Herodotus wrote</i> (vol. ii., p. 405.; Vol. iii., p. + 30.)—The passage in Herodotus (i. 5.) is certainly curious, and had + escaped my notice, until pointed out by your correspondent. I am unable + at present to refer to Smith's <i>Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography + and Mythology</i>; but I doubt whether the reading of the poem or title, + in Aristotle's <i>Rhetoric</i> (<span class="scac">II.</span> 9. § 1.), + has received much attention. In my forthcoming translation of the + "Pseudo-Herodotean Life of Homer" prefixed to the <i>Odysseia</i> (Bohn's + <i>Classical Library</i>), note 1., I have thus given it:—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"This is the exposition of the historical researches of Herodotus of + <i>Thurium</i>," &c.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Now Aristotle makes no remark on the passage as being unusual, and it + therefore inclines me to think that, at the time of that philosopher and + critic, both editions were in use.</p> + + <p>The date of the building of Thurium is <span class="scac">B.C.</span> + 444, and Herodotus was there at its foundation, being then about forty + years of age. Most likely he had published a smaller edition of this book + before that time, bearing the original date from Halicarnassus, which he + revised, <i>enlarged</i>, corrected, and <i>partly re-wrote</i> at + Thurium. I think this would not be difficult to prove; and I would add + that this retouching would be found more apparent at the beginning of the + volume than elsewhere. This may be easily accounted for by the feeling + that modern as well as ancient authors have, viz., that of laziness and + inertness; revising the first 100 pages carefully, but decreasing from + that point. But to return: Later editors, I conceive, erased the word + Thurium used by Herodotus, who was piqued and vexed at his native city, + and substituted, or restored, Halicarnassus; not, however, changing the + text.</p> + + <p>A learned friend of mine wished for the bibliographical history of the + classics. I told him then, as I tell the readers of the "<span + class="sc">Notes and Queries</span>" now, "Search for that history in the + pages of the classics themselves; extend to them the critical spirit that + is applied to our own Chaucer, Shakspeare, and Milton, and your trouble + will not be in vain. The history of any book (that is the general history + of the gradual development of its ideas) is written in its own pages." In + truth, the prose classics deserve as much attention as the poems of + Homer.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Kenneth R. H. Mackenzie.</span> + + <p>January 20. 1851.</p> + + <p><i>Herstmonceux Castle</i> (Vol. ii., p. 477.).—E. V. asks for + an explanation of certain entries in the Fine Rolls, <span + class="scac">A.D.</span> 1199 and 1205, which I can, in part, supply. The + first is a fine for having seisin of the lands of the deceased mother of + the two suitors, William de Warburton and Ingelram de Monceaux. As they + claim as joint-heirs or parceners, the land must have been subject to + partibility, and therefore of socage tenure. If the land was not in Kent, + the entry is a proof that the exclusive right of primogeniture was not + then universally established, as we know it was not in the reign of Henry + II. See <i>Glanville</i>, lib. vii. cap. 3.</p> + + <p>The next entry records the fine paid for suing out a writ <i>de + rationabili parte</i> against (<i>versus</i>) one of the above coheirs. + The demandant is either the same coheir named above, viz. Ingelram, + altered by a clerical error into Waleram,—such errors being of + common occurrence, sometimes from oscitancy, and sometimes because the + clerk had to guess at the extended form of a contracted name,—or he + is a descendant and heir of Ingelram, <!-- Page 125 --><span + class="pagenum"><a name="page125"></a>{125}</span>claiming the share of + his ancestor. I incline to adopt the former explanation of the two here + suggested. The form of writ is in the Register of Writs, and corresponds + exactly with the abridged note of it in the Fine Roll. The "esnecia," + mentioned in the last entry (not extracted by E. V.), is the majorat or + senior heir's perquisite of the capital mansion. E. V. will pardon me for + saying, that his translation of the passages is a little deficient in + exactness. As to E. V.'s query 4., does he think it worth while to go + further in search of a reason for calling the bedroom floor of + Herstmonceux Castle by the name of <i>Bethlem</i>, when the early + spelling and common and constant pronunciation of the word supply so + plausible an explanation? I myself knew, in my earliest days, a house + where that department was constantly so nicknamed. But there certainly + <i>may</i> be a more recondite origin of the name; and something may + depend on the date at which he finds it first applied.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">E. Smirke.</span> + + <p><i>Camden and Curwen Families</i> (Vol. iii., p. 89.).—Camden's + mother was Elizabeth, daughter of Gyles Curwen, of Poulton Hall, in the + county of Lancaster. In the "visitation" of Lancashire made in 1613, it + is stated that this Gyles Curwen was "descended from Curwen of Workenton + in co. Cumberland;" but the descent is not given, and I presume it rests + merely on tradition.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Llewellyn.</span> + + <p><i>Joan Sanderson, or the Cushion Dance</i> (Vol. ii., p. + 517.).—Your correspondent <span class="sc">Mac</span> asks for the + "correct date" of the <i>Cushion Dance</i>. Searching out the history and + origin of an old custom or ballad is like endeavouring to ascertain the + source and flight of December's snow. I am afraid <span + class="sc">Mac</span> will not obtain what he now wishes for.</p> + + <p>The <i>earliest</i> mention, that I have noticed, of this popular old + dance occurs in Heywood's play, <i>A Woman kill'd with Kindness</i>, + 1600. Nicholas, one of the characters, says:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"I have, ere now, deserved a cushion: call for the <i>Cushion + Dance</i>."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>The musical notes are preserved in <i>The English Dancing Master</i>, + 1686; in <i>The Harmonicon</i>, a musical journal; in Davies Gilbert's + <i>Christmas Carols</i> (2nd edition); and in Chappell's <i>National + English Melodies</i>. In the first-named work it is called "Joan + Sanderson, or the Cushion Dance, an old Round Dance."</p> + + <p>In a curious collection of old songs and tunes, <i>Neder-Landtsche + Gedenck-clank door Adrianum Valerium</i>, printed at Haerlem in 1626, is + preserved a tune called "Sweet Margaret," which, upon examination, proves + to be the same as the <i>Cushion Dance</i>. This favourite dance was well + known in Holland in the early part of the seventeenth century, and an + interesting engraving of it may be seen in the <i>Emblems</i> of John de + Brunnes, printed at Amsterdam in 1624.</p> + + <p>The last-named work (a copy of the edition of 1661 of which is now + before me) is exceedingly curious to the lovers of our popular sports and + pastimes. The engravings are by William Pass, C. Blon, &c., and among + them are representations of Kiss in the Ring, the game of Forfeits, + rolling Snow-balls, the Interior of a Barber's Shop, with citherns and + lutes hanging against the wall, for the use of the customers, &c.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Edward F. Rimbault.</span> + + <p><i>North Sides of Churchyards</i> (Vol. ii., p. 93.).—In an + appendix to our registers I find the following entry, where I conceive + the <i>backside</i> means the northside. Though now the whole of our + churchyard is so full that we have much difficulty in finding any new + ground, what we do find, however, is on the north side.</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"1750, Oct. 23. One Mary Davies, of Pentrobin, single woman, though + excommunicated with the <i>Greater Excommunication</i>, was on this day, + <i>within night</i>, on account of some particular circumstances alleged + by neighbours of credit in her favour (as to her resolving to come and + reconcile herself, and do penance if she recovered), indulged by being + interred on the <i>backside</i> the church, but no service or tolling + allowed."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>From this I conclude that <i>here</i> at least there was no part of + the churchyard left unconsecrated for the burial of persons + excommunicate, as one of your correspondents suggests; or burial in such + place would have been no indulgence, as evidently it was regarded in this + case. It would be interesting to ascertain from accredited instances + <i>how late</i> this power of excommunication has been <i>exercised</i>, + and thereby how long it has really been in abeyance. I expect the period + would not be found so great as is generally imagined.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Waldegrave Brewster.</span> + + <p><i>Antiquitas Sæculi Juventus Mundi</i> (Vol. ii., p. + 466.).—Dugald Stewart, in his Dissertation prefixed to the + <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i>, ed. 7., p. 30., points out two passages + of writers anterior to Lord Bacon, in which this thought occurs. The + first is in his namesake, Roger Bacon, who died in 1292:</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Quanto juniores tanto perspicaciores, quia juniores posteriores + successione temporum ingrediuntor labores priorum."—<i>Opus + Majus</i>, p. 9. ed. Jebb.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>The <i>Opus Majus</i> of Roger Bacon was not, however, printed until + the last century, and could not have been known to Lord Bacon unless he + had read it in manuscript.</p> + + <p>The second is from Ludovicus Vives, <i>De Caus. Corrupt. Art.</i>, + lib. i., of which Mr. Stewart gives the following version:—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"The similitude which many have fancied between the superiority of the + moderns to the ancients, and the elevation of a dwarf on the back of a + giant, is <!-- Page 126 --><span class="pagenum"><a + name="page126"></a>{126}</span>altogether false and puerile. Neither were + they giants, nor are we dwarfs, but all of us men of the same standard; + and <i>we</i>, the taller of the two, by adding their height to our own. + Provided always that we do not yield to them in study, attention, + vigilance, and love of truth; for if these qualities be wanting, so far + from mounting on the giant's shoulders, we throw away the advantages of + our own just stature, by remaining prostrate on the ground."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Ludovicus Vives, the eminent Spanish writer, died in 1540, and + therefore preceded the active period of Lord Bacon's mind by about half a + century.</p> + + <p>Mr. Stewart likewise cites the following sentences of Seneca, which, + however, can hardly be said to contain the germ of this + thought:—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"Veniet tempus quo ista quæ nunc latent, in lucem dies extrahet, et + longioris ævi diligentia.... Veniet tempus, quo posteri nostri tam aperta + nos nescisse mirabuntur."—<i>Quæst. Nat.</i> viii. 25.</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p class="author">L. + + <p><i>Umbrella</i> (Vol. i., p. 414.; Vol. ii., pp. 25. 93. 126. 346. + 491. 523.; Vol. iii., p. 37.).—Although I conceive that ample proof + has been given in your columns that umbrellas were generally known at an + earlier period than had been commonly supposed, yet the following + additional facts may not perhaps be unacceptable to your readers.</p> + + <p>In Bailey's <i>Dictionary</i>, vol. i. (8th edit. 1737), are these + articles:—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"<span class="sc">Parasol</span>, a sort of small canopy or umbrella, + to keep off the rain."</p> + + <p>"<span class="sc">Umbella</span>, <i>a little shadow</i>; an umbrella, + bon-grace, skreen-fan, &c., which women bear in their hands to shade + them."</p> + + <p>"<span class="sc">Umbelliforus</span> <i>Plants</i> [among + <i>botanists</i>]. Plants which have round tufts, or small stalks + standing upon greater; or have their tops branched and spread like a + lady's <i>umbrella</i>."</p> + + <p>"<span class="sc">Umbrello</span> [<i>Ombrelle</i>, F.; + <i>Ombrella</i>, Ital. of <i>Umbrella</i>, or <i>Umbrecula</i>, L.], a + sort of skreen that is held over the head for preserving from the sun or + rain; also a wooden frame covered with cloth or stuff, to keep off the + sun from a window."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>In Bailey's <i>Dictionary</i>, vol. ii. (3rd edit. 1737), is the + following:—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"<span class="sc">Umbellated</span> [<i>Umbellatus</i>, L.]; bossed. + In <i>botan. writ.</i> is said of flowers when many of them grow + together, disposed somewhat like an <i>umbrella</i>. The make is a sort + of broad, roundish surface of the whole, &c. &c."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>Horace Walpole (<i>Memoirs of the Reign of George II.</i>, vol. iii. + p. 153.), narrating the punishment of Dr. Shebbeare for a libel, 5th + December, 1758, says,—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"The man stood in the pillory, having a footman holding an umbrella to + keep off the rain."</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>In Burrow's <i>Reports</i> (vol. ii. p. 792.), is an account of the + proceedings in the Court of King's Bench against Arthur Beardmore, + under-sheriff of Middlesex, for contempt of court in remitting part of + the sentence on Dr. Shebbeare. The affidavits produced by the + Attorney-General stated—</p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"That the defendant only stood <i>upon the</i> platform of the + pillory, unconfined, and at his ease, attended by a <i>servant</i> in + <i>livery</i> (which servant and livery were hired for this occasion + only) holding an umbrella over his head, all the time:"</p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>and Mr. Justice Dennison, in pronouncing sentence on Beardmore, did + not omit to allude to the umbrella.</p> + + <p class="author"><span class="sc">C. H. Cooper.</span> + + <p>Cambridge, January 25. 1851.</p> + + <p><i>Form of Prayer at the Healing</i> (Vol. iii., p. 42.).—A copy + of this service of an earlier date than those mentioned is before me. It + was printed in folio at the Hague, 1650; and is appended to "a Form of + Prayer used in King Charles II.'s Chappel upon <i>Tuesdays</i>, in the + times of his trouble and distress." Charles I. was executed on that day + of the week.</p> + + <p class="author">J. H. M. + +<hr class="full" > + +<h2>Miscellaneous.</h2> + +<h3>NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC.</h3> + + <p>"Thoughts take up no room," saith Jeremy Collier, in a curious passage + which Mr. Elmes has adopted as the motto of a pretty little volume, which + he has just put forth under the following characteristic title: <i>Horæ + Vacivæ, a Thought-book of the Wise Spirits of all Ages and all Countries, + fit for all Men and all Hours</i>. The work appears to have furnished a + source of occupation to its editor when partially recovering from a + deprivation of sight. It is well described by him as a "Spicilegium of + golden thoughts of wise spirits, who, though dead, yet speak;" and being + printed in Whittingham's quaintest style, and suitably bound, this + Thought-book is as externally tempting as it is intrinsically + valuable.</p> + + <p><i>The Calendar of the Anglican Church Illustrated, with Brief + Accounts of the Saints who have Churches dedicated in their Names, or + whose Images are most frequently met with in England; the Early Christian + and Mediæval Symbols; and an Index of Emblems</i>, is sufficiently + described in its title-page. The editor very properly explains that the + work is of an archæological, not of a theological character—and as + such it is certainly one which English archæologists and ecclesiologists + have long wanted. The editor, while judiciously availing himself of the + labours of Alt, Radowitz, Didron, and other foreign writers, has not + spared his own, having, with the view to one portion of it, compiled a + list of all the churches in England, with the saints after whom they were + named. This is sufficient to show that the work is one of research, and + consequently of value; that value being materially increased by the + numerous woodcuts admirably engraved by Mr. O. Jewitt, with which it is + illustrated.</p> + + <p><i>Books Received.</i>—<i>Helena, The Physician's Orphan</i>. + The third number of Mrs. Clarke's interesting series of tales, entitled, + <i>The Girlhood of Shakspeare's Heroines</i>. <!-- Page 127 --><span + class="pagenum"><a name="page127"></a>{127}</span><i>Every-day Wonders, + or Facts in Physiology which all should know:</i> a very successful + endeavour to present a few of the truths of that science which treats of + the structure of the human body, and of the adaptation of the external + world to it in such a form as that they be readily apprehended. Great + pains have been taken that the information imparted should be accurate; + and it is made more intelligible by means of some admirable woodcuts.</p> + + <p><i>Catalogues Received.</i>—John Miller's (43. Chandos Street) + No. 18. of Catalogues of Books Old and New; J. Russell Smith's (4. Old + Compton Street) Catalogue Part II. of an Extensive Collection of Choice, + Useful, and Curious Books.</p> + +<hr class="short" > + +<h3>BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES WANTED TO PURCHASE.</h3> + + <p><span class="sc">Recherches Historiques sur les Congrégations + Hospitaliers Des Frères Pontifes.</span> <span class="sc">A. + Grégoire.</span> Paris, 1818, 8vo. 72 pp.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Sepulchral Memorials of a Market Town</span>, by + <span class="sc">Dawson Turner</span>. Yarmouth, 1848.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Stephen's Central America</span>, 2 vols. 8vo. + plates.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Whartoni Anglia Sacra.</span> The best edition.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Novum Testamentum Gr.</span> Ex recensione Greisbach, + cum var. lect. 4 vols. 4to. Leipsic, 1806 or 1803. Engraved + Frontispiece.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Lardner on the Trinity.</span></p> + + <p><span class="sc">Goodridge, John</span>, <span class="sc">The + Phœnix</span>; or, Reasons for believing that the Comet, &c. + London, 1781, 8vo.</p> + + <p>*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, <i>carriage + free</i>, to be sent to <span class="sc">Mr. Bell</span>, Publisher of + "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" > + +<h2>Notices to Correspondents.</h2> + + <p><i>We have many articles in type which we are compelled, by want of + space, to postpone until next week, when the publication of our double + number will enable us to insert many interesting communications which are + only waiting for room.</i></p> + + <p><span class="sc">Replies Received.</span> <i>St. + Pancras—Daresbury—Plafery—Touching for the + Evil—Munchausen—Cold Harbour—Landwade + Church—Bacon and Fagan—Soul's Dark Cottage—Fine by + Degrees—Simon Bache—Away let nought—Mythology of the + Stars—Adur—Burying in Church Walls—Sir Clowdesley + Shovel—Lynch Law—Cardinal's Monument—Inns of + Court—True Blue—Averia—Dragons—Brandon the + Juggler—Words are Men's Daughters—Sonnet by + Milton—Dryden's Essay upon Satire—Ring Dials—Sir + Hilary—Arthur Massinger—Cranmer's Descendants—Post + Conquestum—Prince of Wales' Feathers—Verbum + Græcum—Visions of Hell—Musical Plagiarism—Lady + Bingham—Cockade—Saint Paul's Clock—By and + by—Aristophanes on the Modern Stage.</i></p> + + <p><span class="sc">Liturgicus</span>, <i>who writes on the subject of + the letters</i> M. <i>and</i> N. <i>in the Catechism and Marriage + Service, is referred to our First Volume, pp.</i> 415. <i>and</i> + 468.</p> + + <p>F. M. B. Hicks' Hall <i>was so called from its builder, Sir Baptist + Hicks, afterwards Viscount Camden; and the name of the</i> Old Bailey, + <i>says Stow, "is likely to have arisen of some Count of old time there + kept."—See Cunningham's</i> Handbook of London.</p> + + <p>K. R. H. M. <i>received</i>.</p> + + <p>E. T. (Liverpool). <i>We propose to issue a volume similar to our + first and second, at the termination of every half-year.</i></p> + + <p>E. S. T. T. <i>For origin of</i></p> + + <div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="hg3">"Tempora mutantur," &c.,</p> + </div> + </div> + <p><i>see our First Volume, pp.</i> 234. 419.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">George Petit.</span> <i>The book called</i> Elegantiæ + Latinæ, <i>published under the name of the learned Joh. Meursius, was + written by Chorier of Grenoble. Meursius had no share in it</i>.</p> + + <p>H. A. R. <i>Much information concerning the general and social + condition of Lunatics before 1828 will be found in Reports of Committees + of House of Commons of 1815, 1816, and 1827, and of the House of Lords of + 1828.</i></p> + + <p>A. C. P. <i>The explanation furnished is one about which there can be + no doubt, but for obvious reasons we do not insert it.</i></p> + + <p>K. R. H. M. <i>We cannot promise until we see the article; but, if + brief, we shall have every disposition to insert it.</i></p> + + <p>C. H. P. <i>Surely there is no doubt that Lord Howard of Effingham, + who commanded the Armada, was a Protestant.</i></p> + + <p><span class="sc">Volume the Second of Notes and Queries</span>, + <i>with very copious</i> <span class="sc">Index</span>, <i>is now ready, + price</i> 9s. 6d. <i>strongly bound in cloth</i>. <span class="sc">Vol. + I.</span> <i>is reprinted, and may also be had at the same price</i>.</p> + + <p><span class="sc">Notes and Queries</span> <i>may be procured, by + order, of all Booksellers and Newsvenders. It is published at noon on + Friday, so that our country Subscribers ought not to experience any + difficulty in procuring it regularly. Many of the country Booksellers, + &c., are, probably, not yet aware of this arrangement, which will + enable them to receive</i> <span class="sc">Notes and Queries</span> + <i>in their Saturday parcels</i>.</p> + + <p><i>All communications for the Editor of</i> <span class="sc">Notes and + Queries</span> <i>should be addressed to the care of</i> <span + class="sc">Mr. Bell</span>, No. 186. Fleet Street.</p> + + <p><i>Erratum</i>.—No. 65. p. 67. col. 2. l. 12., for "me<i>l</i>t" + read "me<i>e</i>t."</p> + +<hr class="full" > + + <p>MR. T. RICHARDS (late of St. Martin's Lane), <span + class="sc">Printer</span> and Agent to the <span class="sc">Percy</span> + and <span class="sc">Hakluyt Societies</span>, has removed to 37. Great + Queen Street, Lincoln's-Inn-Fields, where he respectfully requests all + Letters may be addressed to him.</p> + +<hr class="full" > + + <p>Whereshall we go this morning? Such is usually the query over the + breakfast table with visitors to London. Let us answer the question. If + you can admire the most beautiful specimens of PAPIER MACHE MANUFACTURE + which are produced in this country, displayed in the most attractive + forms—if you want a handsome or useful dressing-case, work-box, or + writing-desk, if you need any requisite for the work-table or toilet, or + if you desire to see one of the most elegant emporiums in + London—then you will go to MECHI'S, 4. Leadenhall-street, near the + India-house, in whose show-rooms you may lounge away an hour very + pleasantly.</p> + +<hr class="full" > + +<p class="cenhead">Messrs. Hope and Co.'s New Publications.</p> + +<p class="cenhead"><span class="scac">I.</span></p> + + <p>FAC-SIMILE AUTOGRAPH LETTERS of JUNIUS, LORD CHESTERFIELD, and MRS. + DAGRALLES; shewing that the Wife of Mr. Solomon Dagralles was the + Amanuensis employed in copying the Letters of Junius for the Printer. + With a Postscript to the first essay on Junius and his works. By <span + class="sc">William Cramp</span>, author of the "Philosophy of Language." + Price 2<i>s</i>.</p> + +<p class="cenhead"><span class="scac">II.</span></p> + + <p>THE STATESMAN'S PORTFOLIO AND PARLIAMENTARY REVIEW: Consisting of + Original Articles and Correspondence on all the important Topics of the + day, with a Review of Parliamentary Business. Invaluable to Statesmen and + others interested in the Acts of the British Senate. On the 1st of March, + to be continued monthly, price 1<i>s</i>.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">London: <span class="sc">Hope</span> and Co., 16. Great Marlborough Street.</p> + +<hr class="full" > + +<p class="cenhead">Price 1<i>d.</i>, by Post 2<i>d.</i>, or 5<i>s.</i> per Hundred for Distribution.</p> + + <p>WESTMINSTER AND DR. WISEMAN; or, FACTS <i>v.</i> FICTION. By <span + class="sc">William Page Wood</span>, Esq., M.P., Q.C. Reprinted from + <i>The Times</i>, with an Advertisement on the subject of the <span + class="sc">Westminster Spiritual Aid Fund</span>, and more especially on + the Duty and Justice of applying the Revenues of the suspended Stalls of + the Abbey for the adequate Endowment of the District Churches in the + immediate neighbourhood.</p> + +<p class="cenhead">Second Edition, with an Appendix.</p> + + <p>London: <span class="sc">George Bell</span>, 186. Fleet Street; + Messrs. <span class="sc">Rivingtons</span>, St. Paul's Church-yard, and + Waterloo Place; and <span class="sc">Thomas Hatchard</span>, 187. + Piccadilly; and <i>by Order</i> of all Booksellers.</p> + +<hr class="full" > + +<p><!-- Page 128 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page128"></a>{128}</span></p> + +<h2>NEW BOOKS AND NEW EDITIONS.</h2> + +<hr class="short" > + + <p>THE CALENDAR OF THE ANGLICAN CHURCH ILLUSTRATED. With brief Accounts + of the Saints who have Churches dedicated in their Names, or whose Images + are most frequently met with in England; the early Christian and Mediæval + Symbols; and an Index of Emblems. With numerous Woodcuts. Fcap. 8vo. + 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> + +<blockquote class="b1n"> + + <p>"It is perhaps hardly necessary to observe that this work is of an + archæological, not of a theological character; the Editor has not + considered it his business to examine into the truth or falsehood of the + legends of which he narrates the substance; he gives them merely as + legends, and in general so much of them only as is necessary to explain + why particular emblems were used with a particular saint, or why Churches + in a given locality are named after this or that + saint."—<i>Preface.</i></p> + +</blockquote> + + <p>THE FAMILY ALMANACK and EDUCATIONAL REGISTER for the YEAR of OUR LORD + 1851. Containing, in addition to the usual Contents of an Almanack, a + List of the Foundation and Grammar Schools in England and Wales; together + with an Account of the Scholarships and Exhibitions attached to them. + Post 8vo. 4<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>THE PAPAL SUPREMACY, its RISE and PROGRESS, traced in Three Lectures. + By the Rev. R. <span class="sc">Hussey</span>, B.D., Regius Professor of + Ecclesiastical History. Fcap. 8vo. 5<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>THE OXFORD UNIVERSITY CALENDAR for 1851. 12mo. 6<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>THE HISTORY of the PELOPONNESIAN WAR, by <span + class="sc">Thucydides</span>. The Text of <span class="sc">Arnold</span>, + with his Argument. The Indexes now first adapted to his Sections, and the + Greek Index greatly enlarged. By the Rev. G. R. P. <span + class="sc">Tiddeman</span>, M.A., of Magdalen Hall, Oxford. In 1 thick + vol. 8vo. 12<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>A COLLECTION of ANTHEMS used in the Cathedral and Collegiate Churches + of England and Wales. By <span class="sc">William Marshall</span>, Mus. + Doc., late Organist of Christ Church Cathedral, and of St. John's + College, Oxford. Second Edition. 12mo. 3<i>s.</i></p> + + <p>AN ESSAY on the ORIGIN and DEVELOPMENT of WINDOW TRACERY in ENGLAND, + with numerous Illustrations. By <span class="sc">Edward A. Freeman, + M.A.</span>, late Fellow of Trinity College, Oxford; Author of the + "History of Architecture." 8vo. price 21<i>s.</i> in cloth.</p> + + <p>DR. PUSEY'S DEFENCE of HIS OWN PRINCIPLES. A Letter to the Right Hon. + and Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of London, in explanation of some + Statements contained in a Letter by the Rev. W. Dodsworth. (Second + Edition in the Press.)</p> + + <p>A GLOSSARY of TERMS USED in GRECIAN, ROMAN, ITALIAN, and GOTHIC + ARCHITECTURE. Exemplified by upwards of Eighteen Hundred Illustrations, + drawn from the best Examples. 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