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diff --git a/22578.txt b/22578.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f0bd225 --- /dev/null +++ b/22578.txt @@ -0,0 +1,1388 @@ +Project Gutenberg's The Girl and the Kingdom, by Kate Douglas Wiggin + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The Girl and the Kingdom + Learning to Teach + +Author: Kate Douglas Wiggin + +Release Date: September 11, 2007 [EBook #22578] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GIRL AND THE KINGDOM *** + + + + +Produced by Martin Pettit and the Online Distributed +Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was +produced from images generously made available by The +Internet Archive/American Libraries.) + + + + + + +The Girl and the Kingdom + +_LEARNING TO TEACH_ + +_WRITTEN BY_ + +KATE DOUGLAS WIGGIN + +[Illustration] + +Presented to the Los Angeles City Teachers Club to Create an Educational +Fund to Be Used in Part for the Literacy Campaign of The California +Federation of Women's Clubs + +_Cover Designed by_ Miss Neleta Hain + + * * * * * + +[Illustration: Kate Douglas Wiggin] + + * * * * * + + + + +The Girl and the Kingdom + + +_LEARNING TO TEACH_ + + +A long, busy street in San Francisco. Innumerable small shops lined it +from north to south; horse cars, always crowded with passengers, hurried +to and fro; narrow streets intersected the broader one, these built up +with small dwellings, most of them rather neglected by their owners. In +the middle distance other narrow streets and alleys where taller houses +stood, and the windows, fire escapes, and balconies of these, added +great variety to the landscape, as the families housed there kept most +of their effects on the outside during the long dry season. + +Still farther away were the roofs, chimneys and smoke stacks of mammoth +buildings--railway sheds, freight depots, power houses and the +like--with finally a glimpse of docks and wharves and shipping. This, or +at least a considerable section of it, was the kingdom. To the ordinary +beholder it might have looked ugly, crowded, sordid, undesirable, but it +appeared none of these things to the lucky person who had been invested +with some sort of modest authority in its affairs. + +The throne from which the lucky person viewed the empire was humble +enough. It was the highest of the tin shop steps at the corner of Silver +and Third streets, odd place for a throne, but one commanding a fine +view of the inhabitants, their dwellings, and their activities. The +activities in plain sight were somewhat limited in variety, but the +signs sported the names of nearly every nation upon the earth. The +Shubeners, Levis, Ezekiels and Appels were generally in tailoring or +secondhand furniture and clothing, while the Raffertys, O'Flanagans and +McDougalls dispensed liquor. All the most desirable sites were occupied +by saloons, for it was practically impossible to quench the thirst of +the neighborhood, though many were engaged in a valiant effort to do so. +There were also in evidence, barbers, joiners, plumbers, grocers, +fruit-sellers, bakers and venders of small wares, and there was the +largest and most splendidly recruited army of do-nothings that the sun +ever shone upon. These forever-out-of-workers, leaning against every +lamp post, fence picket, corner house, and barber pole in the vicinity, +were all male, but they were mostly mated to women fully worthy of them, +their wives doing nothing with equal assiduity in the back streets hard +by.--Stay, they did one thing, they added copiously to the world's +population; and indeed it seemed as if the families in the community +that ought to have had few children, or none at all, (for their +country's good) had the strongest prejudice to race suicide. Well, there +was the kingdom and there were the dwellers therein, and the lucky +person on the steps was a girl. She did not know at first that it was a +kingdom, and the kingdom never at any time would have recognized itself +under that name, for it was anything but a sentimental neighborhood. The +girl was somewhat too young for the work she was going to do, and +considerably too inexperienced, but she had a kindergarten diploma in +her pocket, and being an ardent follower of Froebel she thought a good +many roses might blossom in the desert of Tar Flat, the rather +uneuphonious name of the kingdom. + +Here the discreet anonymity of the third person must be cast aside and +the regrettable egotism of the first person allowed to enter, for I was +a girl, and the modest chronicle of my early educational and +philanthropic adventures must be told after the manner of other +chronicles. + +The building in Silver Street which was to be the scene of such +beautiful and inspiring doings (I hoped) as had been seldom observed on +this planet, was pleasant and commodious. It had been occupied by two +classes of an overcrowded primary school, which had now been removed to +a fine modern building. The two rooms rented for this pioneer free +kindergarten of the Pacific Coast were (Alas!) in the second story but +were large and sunny. A broad flight of twenty wooden steps led from +street to first floor and a long stairway connected that floor with the +one above. If anyone had realized what those fifty or sixty stairs meant +to the new enterprise, in labor and weariness, in wasted time and +strength of teachers and children--but it was difficult to find ideal +conditions in a crowded neighborhood. + +The first few days after my arrival in San Francisco were spent in the +installing of stove, piano, tables, benches and working materials, and +then the beautifying began, the creation of a room so attractive and +homelike, so friendly in its atmosphere, that its charm would be felt by +every child who entered it. I was a stranger in a strange city, my only +acquaintances being the trustees of the newly formed Association. These +naturally had no technical knowledge, (I am speaking of the Dark Ages, +when there were but two or three trained kindergartners west of the +Rocky Mountains) and the practical organization of things--a +kindergarten of fifty children in active operation--this was my +department. When I had anything to show them they were eager and +willing to help, meantime they could and did furnish the sinews of war, +standing sponsors to the community for the ideals in education we were +endeavoring to represent. Here is where the tin shop steps came in. I +sat there very often in those sunny days of late July, 1878, dreaming +dreams and seeing visions; plotting, planning, helping, believing, +forecasting the future. "Hills peeped o'er hills and Alps on Alps." + +I take some credit to myself that when there were yet no such things as +Settlements and Neighborhood Guilds I had an instinct that this was the +right way to work. + +"This school," I thought, "must not be an exotic, a parasite, an alien +growth, not a flower of beauty transplanted from a conservatory and +shown under glass; it must have its roots deep in the neighborhood life, +and there my roots must be also. No teacher, be she ever so gifted, ever +so consecrated, can sufficiently influence the children under her care +for only a few hours a day, unless she can gradually persuade the +parents to be her allies. I must find then the desired fifty children +under school age (six years in California) and I must somehow keep in +close relation to the homes from which they come." + +How should I get in intimate touch with this strange, puzzling, foreign +community, this big clump of poverty-stricken, intemperate, overworked, +lazy, extravagant, ill-assorted humanity leavened here and there by a +God-fearing, thrifty, respectable family? There were from time to time +children of widows who were living frugally and doing their best for +their families who proved to be the leaven in my rather sorry lump. + +Buying and borrowing were my first two aids to fellowship. I bought my +luncheon at a different bakery every day and my glass of milk at a +different dairy. At each visit I talked, always casually, of the new +kindergarten, and gave its date of opening, but never "solicited" +pupils. I bought pencils, crayons, and mucilage of the local stationers; +brown paper and soap of the grocers; hammers and tacks of the hardware +man. I borrowed many things, returned them soon, and thus gave my +neighbors the satisfaction of being helpful. When I tried to borrow the +local carpenter's saw he answered that he would rather come and do the +job himself than lend his saw to a lady. The combination of a lady and +edged tools was something in his mind so humorous that I nervously +changed the subject. (If he is still alive I am sure _he_ is an +Anti-Suffragist!) I was glad to display my school room to an intelligent +workman, and a half hour's explanation of the kindergarten occupations +made the carpenter an enthusiastic convert. This gave me a new idea, +and to each craftsman, in the vicinity, I showed the particular branch +of kindergarten handiwork that might appeal to him, whether laying of +patterns, in separate sticks and tablets, weaving, drawing, rudimentary +efforts at designing, folding and cutting of paper, or clay modelling. + +I had the great advantage of making all of my calls in shops, and thus I +had not the unpleasant duty of visiting people's houses uninvited, nor +the embarrassment of being treated as peddlers of patronage and good +advice are apt to be treated. Besides, in many cases, the shops and +homes (Heaven save the mark!) were under one roof, and children scuttled +in and out, behind and under the counters and over the thresholds into +the street. They were all agog with curiosity and so were the women. A +mother does not have to be highly cultured to perceive the advantage of +a place near by where she can send her four or five year olds free of +charge and know that they are busy and happy for several hours a day. + +I know, by long experience with younger kindergartners and social +workers in after years, that this kind of "visiting" presents many +perplexities to persons of a certain temperament, but I never entered +any house where I felt the least sensation of being out of place. I +don't think this flexibility is a gift of especially high order, nor +that it would be equally valuable in all walks of life, but it is of +great service in this sort of work. Whether I sat in a stuffed chair or +on a nailkeg or an inverted washtub it was always equally agreeable to +me. The "getting into relation," perfectly, and without the loss of a +moment, gave me a sense of mental and spiritual exhilaration. I never +had to adapt myself elaborately to a strange situation in order to be in +sympathy. I never said to myself: "But for God's grace I might be the +woman on that cot; unloved, uncared for, with a new-born child at my +side and a dozen men drinking in the saloon just on the other side of +the wall * * * or that mother of five--convivial, dishonest, unfaithful +* * * or that timid, frail, little creature struggling to support a +paralytic husband." I never had to give myself logical reasons for being +where I was, nor wonder what I should say; my one idea was to keep the +situation simple and free from embarrassment to any one; to be as +completely a part of it as if I had been born there; to be helpful +without being intrusive; to show no surprise whatever happened; above +all to be cheerful, strong and bracing, not weakly sentimental. + +As the day of opening approached an unexpected and valuable aide-de-camp +appeared on the scene. An American girl of twelve or thirteen slipped in +the front door one day when I was practicing children's songs, +whereupon the following colloquy ensued. + +"What's this place goin' to be?" + +"A kindergarten." + +"What's that?" + +Explanation suited to the questioner, followed. + +"Can I come in afternoons, on my way home from school and see what you +do?" + +"Certainly." + +"Can I stay now and help round?" + +"Yes indeed, I should be delighted." + +"What's the bird for?" + +"What are all birds for?" I answered, just to puzzle her. + +"I dunno. What's the plants and flowers for?" + +"What are all flowers for?" I demanded again. + +"But I thought 'twas a school." + +"It is, but it's a new kind." + +"Where's the books?" + +"The children are going to be under six; we shan't have reading and +writing." + +We sat down to work together, marking out and cutting brown paper +envelopes for the children's sewing or weaving, binding colored prints +with gold paper and putting them on the wall with thumb tacks, and +arranging all the kindergarten materials tidily on the shelves of the +closets. Next day was a holiday and she begged to come again. I +consented and told her that she might bring a friend if she liked and we +would lunch together. + +"I guess not," she said, with just a hint of jealousy in her tone. "You +and I get on so well that mebbe we'd be bothered with another girl +messin' around, and she'd be one more to wash up for after lunch." + +From that moment, the Corporal, as I called her, was a stanch ally and +there was seldom a day in the coming years when she did not faithfully +perform all sorts of unofficial duties, attaching herself passionately +to my service with the devotion of a mother or an elder sister. She +proved at the beginning a kind of travelling agent for the school +haranguing mothers on the street corners and addressing the groups of +curious children who gathered at the foot of the school steps. + +"You'd ought to go upstairs and see the _inside_ of it!" she would +exclaim. "It's just like going around the world. There's a canary bird, +there's fishes swimmin' in a glass bowl, there's plants bloomin' on the +winder sills, there's a pianner, and more'n a million pictures! There's +closets stuffed full o' things to play and work with, and whatever the +scholars make they're goin' to take home if it's good. There's a +play-room with red rings painted on the floor and they're going to march +and play games on 'em. She can play the pianner standin' up or settin' +down, without lookin' at her hands to see where they're goin'. She's +goin' to wear white, two a week, and I got Miss Lannigan to wash 'em for +her for fifteen cents apiece. I tell her the children 'round here's +awful dirty and she says the cleaner she is the cleaner they'll be.... +No, 'tain't goin' to be no Sunday School," said the voluble Corporal. +"No, 'tain't goin' to be no Mission; no, 'tain't goin' to be no Lodge! +She says it's a new kind of a school, that's all I know, and next +Monday'll see it goin' full blast!" + +It was somewhat in this fashion, that I walked joyously into the heart +of a San Francisco slum, and began experimenting with my newly-learned +panaceas. + +These were early days. The kindergarten theory of education was on trial +for its very life; the fame of Pestalozzi and Froebel seemed to my +youthful vision to be in my keeping, and I had all the ardor of a +neophyte. I simply stepped into a cockle-shell and put out into an +unknown ocean, where all manner of derelicts needed help and succor. The +ocean was a life of which I had heretofore known nothing; miserable, +overburdened, and sometimes criminal. + +My cockle-shell managed to escape shipwreck, and took its frail place +among the other craft that sailed in its company. I hardly saw or felt +the safety of the harbor or the shore for three years, the three years +out of my whole life the most wearying, the most heart-searching, the +most discouraging, the most inspiring; also, I dare say, the best worth +living. + +"Full blast," the Corporal's own expression, exactly described the +setting out of the cockle-shell; that is, the eventful Monday morning +when the doors of the first free kindergarten west of the Rockies threw +open its doors. + +The neighborhood was enthusiastic in presenting its offspring at the +altar of educational experiment, and we might have enrolled a hundred +children had there been room. I was to have no assistant and we had +provided seats only for forty-five, which prohibited a list of more than +fifty at the outside. A convert to any inspiring idea being anxious to +immolate herself on the first altar which comes in the path of duty, I +carefully selected the children best calculated to show to the amazed +public the regenerating effects of the kindergarten method, and as a +whole they were unsurpassed specimens of the class we hoped to benefit. + +Of the forty who were accepted the first morning, thirty appeared to be +either indifferent or willing victims, while ten were quite the reverse. +These screamed if the maternal hand were withdrawn, bawled if their hats +were taken away, and bellowed if they were asked to sit down. This +rebellion led to their being removed to the hall by their mothers, who +spanked them vigorously every few minutes and returned them to me each +time in a more unconquered state, with their lung power quite unimpaired +and their views of the New Education still vague and distorted. As the +mothers were uniformly ladies with ruffled hair, snapping eyes, high +color and short temper, I could not understand the childrens' fear of +me, a mild young thing "in white"--as the Corporal would say--but they +evidently preferred the ills they knew. When the last mother led in the +last freshly spanked child and said as she prepared to leave: "Well, I +suppose they might as well get used to you one time as another, so +good-day, Miss, and God help you!" I felt that my woes were greater than +I could bear, for, as the door closed, several infants who had been +quite calm began to howl in sympathy with their suffering brethren. Then +the door opened again and the Corporal's bright face appeared in the +crack. + +"Goodness!" she ejaculated, "this ain't the new kind of a school I +thought 'twas goin' to be!--Stop your cryin', Jimmy Maxwell, a great big +boy like you; and Levi Isaacs and Goldine Gump, I wonder you ain't +ashamed! Do you 'spose Miss Kate can do anything with such a racket? Now +don't let me hear any more o' your nonsense!--Miss Kate," she whispered, +turning to me: "I've got the whole day off for my uncle's funeral, and +as he ain't buried till three o'clock I thought I'd better run in and +see how you was gettin' on!" + +"You are an angel, Corporal!" I said. "Take all the howlers down into +the yard and let them play in the sand tables till I call you." + +When the queue of weeping babes had been sternly led out by the Corporal +something like peace descended upon the room but there could be no work +for the moment because the hands were too dirty. Cooeperation was +strictly Froebelian so I selected with an eagle eye several assistants +from the group--the brightest-eyed, best-tempered, and cleanest. With +their help I arranged the seats, the older children at the back tables +and the babies in the front. Classification was difficult as many of +them did not know their names, their ages, their sexes, nor their +addresses, but I had succeeded in getting a little order out of chaos by +the time the Corporal appeared again. + +"They've all stopped cryin' but Hazel Golly, and she ran when I wa'n't +lookin' and got so far I couldn't ketch her; anyway she ain't no loss +for I live next door to her.--What'll we do next?" + +"Scrub!" I said firmly. "I want to give them some of the easiest work, +two kinds, but we can't touch the colored cards until all the hands are +clean.--Shall we take soap and towels and all go down into the yard +where the sink is, children, and turn up our sleeves and have a nice +wash?" (Some of the infants had doubtless started from home in a +tolerable state of cleanliness but all signs had disappeared en route). + +The proposition was greeted amiably. "Anything rather than sit still!" +is the mental attitude of a child under six! + +"I told you just how dirty they'd be," murmured the Corporal. "I know +'em; but I never expected to get this good chance to scrub any of 'em." + +"It's only the first day;--wait till _next_ Monday," I urged. + +"I shan't be here to see it _next_ Monday morning," my young friend +replied. "We can't bury Uncle _every_ week!" (This with a sigh of +profound regret!) + +Many days were spent in learning the unpronounceable names of my flock +and in keeping them from murdering one another until Froebel's justly +celebrated "law of love" could be made a working proposition. It was +some time before the babies could go down stairs in a line without +precipitating one another head foremost by furtive kicks and punches. I +placed an especially dependable boy at the head and tail of the line but +accidentally overheard the tail boy tell the head that he'd lay him out +flat if he got into the yard first, a threat that embarrassed a free and +expeditious exit:--and all their relations to one another seemed at +this time to be arranged on a broad basis of belligerence. But better +days were coming, were indeed near at hand, and the children themselves +brought them; they only needed to be shown how, but you may well guess +that in the early days of what was afterwards to be known as "The +Kindergarten Movement on the Pacific Coast," when the Girl and her +Kingdom first came into active communication with each other, the +question of discipline loomed rather large! Putting aside altogether the +question of the efficiency, or the propriety, of corporal punishment in +the public schools, it seems pretty clear that babies of four or five +years should be spanked by their parents if by anyone; and that a +teacher who cannot induce good behavior in children of that age, without +spanking, has mistaken her vocation. However, it is against their +principles for kindergartner's to spank, slap, flog, shake or otherwise +wrestle with their youthful charges, no matter how much they seem to +need these instantaneous and sometimes very effectual methods of +dissuasion at the moment. + +There are undoubtedly times when the old Adam (I don't know why it +shouldn't be the Old Eve!) rises in one's still unregenerate heart, and +one longs to take the "low road" in discipline; but the "high road" +commonly leads one to the desired point without great delay and there is +genuine satisfaction in finding that taking away his work from a child, +or depriving him of the pleasure of helping his neighbors, is as great a +punishment as a blow. + +You may say such ideal methods would not prevail with older boys and +girls, and that may be true, for wrong development may have gone too +far; but it is difficult to find a small child who is lazy or +indifferent, or one who would welcome the loss of work; difficult also +to find one who is not unhappy when deprived of the chance of service, +seeing, as he does, his neighbors happily working together and joyfully +helping others. + +I had many Waterloos in my term of generalship and many a time was I a +feeble enough officer of "The Kid's Guards" as the kindergarten was +translated in Tar Flat by those unfamiliar with the German word. + +The flock was at the foot of the stairs one morning at eleven o'clock +when there was a loud and long fire alarm in the immediate vicinity. No +doubt existed in the mind of any child as to the propriety or +advisability of remaining at the seat of learning. They started down the +steps for the fire in a solid body, with such unanimity and rapidity +that I could do nothing but save the lives of the younger ones and keep +them from being trampled upon while I watched the flight of their +elders. I was left with two lame boys and four babies so fat and +bow-legged that they probably never had reached, nor ever would reach, a +fire while it was still burning. + +Pat Higgins, aged five and a half, the leader of the line, had a sudden +pang of conscience at the corner and ran back to ask me artlessly if he +might "go to the fire." + +"Certainly not," I answered firmly. "On the contrary please stay here +with the lame and the fat, while _I_ go to the fire and bring back the +other children." + +I then pursued the errant flock and recovering most of them, marched +them back to the school-room, meeting Judge Solomon Heydenfelt, +President of the new Kindergarten Association, on the steps. He had been +awaiting me for ten minutes and it was his first visit! He had never +seen a kindergarten before, either returning from a fire or otherwise, +and there was a moment of embarrassment, but I had a sense of humor and +fortunately he enjoyed the same blessing. Only very young teachers who +await the visits of supervisors in shuddering expectancy can appreciate +this episode. + +The days grew brighter and more hopeful as winter approached. I got into +closer relation with some homes than others, and I soon had half a dozen +five-year-olds who came to the kindergarten clean, and if not whole, +well darned and patched. One of these could superintend a row of babies +at their outline sewing, thread their needles, untangle their +everlasting knots, and correct the mistakes in the design by the jabbing +of wrong holes in the card. Another was very skillful at weaving and +proved a good assistant in that occupation. + +I developed also a little body guard which was efficient in making a +serener and more harmonious atmosphere. It is neither wise nor kind to +burden a child with responsibilities too heavy or irksome for his years, +but surely it is never too early to allow him to be helpful to his +fellows and considerate of his elders. I can't believe that any of the +tiny creatures on whom I leaned in those weary days were the worse for +my leaning. The more I depended on them the greater was their +dependableness, and the little girls grew more tender, the boys more +chivalrous. I had my subtle means of communication, spirit to spirit! If +Pat Higgins, pausing on the verge of some regrettable audacity or +hilarious piece of mischief, chanced to catch my eye, he desisted. He +knew that I was saying to him silently: "You are not so very naughty. I +could almost let you go on if it were not for those others who are +always making trouble. Somebody _must_ be good! I cannot bear it if you +desert me!" + +Whenever I said "Pat" or "Aaron" or "Billy" in a pleading tone it meant +"Help! or I perish!" and it was so construed. No, I was never left +without succor when I was in need of it! I remember so well an afternoon +in late October when the world had gone very wrong! There had been a +disagreeable argument with Mrs. Gump, who had sent Goldine to mingle +with the children when she knew she had chicken pox; Stanislas +Strazinski had fallen down stairs and bruised his knee; Mercedes Pulaski +had upset a vase of flowers on the piano keys and finally Petronius +Nelson had stolen a red woolen ball. I had seen it in his hand and taken +it from him sadly and quietly as he was going down the stairs. I +suggested a few minutes for repentance in the play-room and when he came +out he sat at my knee and sobbed out his grief in pitiful fashion. His +tears moved my very heart. "Only four years old," I thought, "and no +playthings at home half as attractive as the bright ones we have here, +so I must be very gentle with him." I put my arm around him to draw him +to me and the gesture brought me in contact with his curiously knobby, +little chest. What were my feelings when I extracted from his sailor +blouse one orange, one blue, and two green balls! And this after ten +minutes of repentant tears! I pointed the moral as quickly as possible +so that I might be alone, and then realizing the apparent hopelessness +of some of the tasks that confronted me I gave way to a moment of +hysterical laughter, followed by such a flood of tears as I had not shed +since I was a child. It was then and there the Corporal found me, on her +way home from school. She flung her books on the floor and took my head +on her kind, scrawny, young shoulder. + +"What have they been doin' to you?" she stormed. "You just tell me which +one of 'em 'tis and I'll see't he remembers this day as long as he +lives. Your hair's all mussed up and you look sick abed!" + +She led me to the sofa where we put tired babies to sleep, and covered +me with my coat. Then she stole out and came back with a pitcher of hot, +_well-boiled_ tea, after which she tidied the room and made everything +right for next day. Dear Old Corporal! + +The improvement in these "little teachers" in capacity as well as in +manner, voice, speech and behavior, was almost supernatural, and it was +only less obvious in the rank and file. There was little "scrubbing" +done on the premises now, for nearly all the mothers who were not +invalids, intemperate, or incurable slatterns, were heartily in sympathy +with our ideals. At the end of six weeks when various members of the +Board of Trustees began to drop in for their second visit they were +almost frightened by our attractive appearance. + +"The subscribers will think the children come from Nob Hill," one of +them exclaimed in humorous alarm. "Are you _sure_ you took the most +needy in every way?" + +"Quite sure. Sit down in my chair, please, and look at my private book. +Do you see in the first place that thirteen are the children of small +liquor sellers and live back of the saloons? Then note that ten are the +children of widows who support large families by washing, cleaning, +machine sewing or shop-keeping. You will see that one mother and three +fathers on our list are temporarily in jail serving short terms. We may +never have quite such a picturesque class again, and perhaps it would +not be advisable; I wish sometimes that I had taken humanity as it ran, +good, bad and indifferent, instead of choosing children from the most +discouraging homes. I thought, of course, that they were going to be +little villains. They ought to be, if there is anything either in +heredity or environment, but just look at them at this moment--a +favorable moment, I grant you--but just look at them! Forty +pretty-near-angels, that's what they are!" + +"It is marvellous! I could adopt twenty of them! I cannot account for +it," said another of the Trustees. + +"I can," I answered. "Any tolerably healthy child under six who is +clean, busy, happy and in good company looks as these do. Why should +they not be attractive? They live for four hours a day in this sunny, +airy room; they do charming work suited to their baby capacities--work, +too, which is not all pure routine, but in a simple way creative, so +that they are not only occupied, but they are expressing themselves as +creative beings should. They have music, stories and games, and although +they are obliged to behave themselves (which is sometimes a trifle +irksome) they never hear an unkind word. They grow in grace, partly +because they return as many of these favors as is possible at their age. +They water the plants, clean the bird's cage and fill the seed cups and +bath; they keep the room as tidy as possible to make the janitor's work +easier; they brush up the floor after their own muddy feet; the older +ones help the younger and the strong look after the weak. The conditions +are almost ideal; why should they not respond to them?" + +California children are apt to be good specimens. They suffer no +extremes of heat or cold; food is varied and fruit plentiful and cheap; +they are out of doors every month in the year and they are more than +ordinarily clever and lively. Still I refuse to believe that any other +company of children in California, or in the universe, was ever so +unusual or so piquantly interesting as those of the Silver Street +Kindergarten, particularly the never-to-be-forgotten "first forty." + +As I look back across the lapse of time I cannot understand how any +creature, however young, strong or ardent, could have supported the +fatigue and strain of that first year! No one was to blame, for the +experiment met with appreciation almost immediately, but I was +attempting the impossible, and trying to perform the labor of three +women. I soon learned to work more skillfully, but I habitually +squandered my powers and lavished on trivial details strength that +should have been spent more thriftily. The difficulties of each day +could be surmounted only by quick wit, ingenuity, versatility; by the +sternest exercise of self-control and by a continual outpour of +magnetism. My enthusiasm made me reckless, but though I regret that I +worked in entire disregard of all laws of health, I do not regret a +single hour of exhaustion, discouragement or despair. All my pains were +just so many birth-pangs, leaving behind them a little more knowledge of +human nature, a little wider vision, a little clearer insight, a little +deeper sympathy. + +There were more than a thousand visitors during the first year, a +circumstance that greatly increased the nervous strain of teaching; for +I had to train myself, as well as the children to as absolute a state of +unconsciousness as possible. I always jauntily described the visitors as +"fathers and mothers," and told the children that there would soon be +other schools like ours, and people just wanted to see how we sang, and +played circle games, and modelled in clay, and learned arithmetic with +building blocks and all the rest of it. I paid practically no attention +to the visitors myself and they ordinarily were clever enough to +understand the difficulties of the situation. Among the earliest in the +late autumn of 1878 were Prof. John Swett and Mrs. Kincaid of the San +Francisco Normal School who thereafter sent down their students, two at +a time, for observation and practical aid. The next important visitor in +the spring of 1879 was Mrs. Sarah B. Cooper. She possessed the +"understanding heart" and also great executive ability, so that with the +help of her large Bible class she was able to open a second free +Kindergarten on Jackson Street in October, 1879. Soon after this date +the desert began to blossom as the rose. I went to the Eastern cities +during my summer vacation and learned by observation and instruction all +that I could from my older and wiser contemporaries Miss Susan Blow of +St. Louis, Dr. Hailman of LaPorte, Mrs. Putnam of Chicago and Miss +Elizabeth Peabody and Miss Garland of Boston. Returning I opened my own +Kindergarten Training School and my sister Miss Nora Archibald Smith +joined me both in the theoretical and practical spreading of the gospel. + +Thirty-seven years have passed, but if I were a portrait painter I +could reproduce on canvas every nose, eye, smile, hand, curl of hair, in +that group. I often close my eyes to call up the picture, and almost +every child falls into his old seat and answers to his right name. Here +are a few sketches of those in the front row: + +Willy Beer, dubbed Wriggly Beer by the older boys in his street, because +of a slight nervous affection that kept him in a state of perpetual +motion. He was not uncomely; indeed, when I was telling a story it was a +pleasure to watch his face all twitching with interest; first nose, then +eyes, then mouth, till the delight spread to his fat hands, which +clasped and unclasped as the tale proceeded. He had a perfect sense of +time and tunes and was indefatigable in the marching and games. His +mother sent me this unique letter when he had been with me a month: + + + "_Yung lady_: + + "_Willy seems to be onto his foot most of the time. These is all + the butes Willy will half to Krissmus. Can you learn him settin' + down?_ + _Respeckfully,_ + "_Mrs. Beer._" + + +Sitting next to Willy, and rhyming with him, was Billy--Billy +Prendergast--a large boy for his years with the face and voice of a man +of thirty. + +Billy Prendergast taught me a very good lesson in pedagogy when I was +making believe teach him other things! + +One of our simple morning songs ended with the verse: + + + "All ye little children, hear the truth we tell. + God will ne'er forget you, for he loves you well." + + +One day in the gentle lull that succeeded the singing of that song, +Billy's growling baritone fell on my ear: + +"Why will he never get yer?" he asked, his strange rough voice bringing +complete silence, as it always did. + +"What do you mean, Billy?" + +"That's what it says: 'God will never get yer, for he loves you well." + +Consternation overcame me. Billy, and goodness knows how many others, +had been beginning the day with the puzzling theological statement: "God +will never get yer (ne'er forget you) for he loves you well." + +I chose my verses more carefully, after that experience, avoiding all +e'ers and ne'ers and other misleading abbreviations. + +Hansanella Dorflinger now claims attention. + +Hansanella sounds like one word but they were twins, and thus introduced +to me by a large incoherent boy who brought them to the kindergarten. He +was in a hurry and left them at my door with scant ceremony, save the +frequent repetition of the watchword "Hansanella." + +After some difficulty I succeeded in deciding which was Hans and which +was Ella, though there was practically no difference between them +excepting that the ash blonde hair of Hans was cropped still more +closely than that of Ella. + +They had light blue glassy eyes, too far apart, thin lips, chalky skins +and perennial colds in the head. They breathed together, smiled and wept +together, rose and sat down together and wiped their noses +together--none too frequently. Never were such 'twinneous' twins as +Hansanella, and it was ridiculous to waste two names on them, for there +was not between them personality enough for one child. + +When I requested Ella to be a pony it immediately became a span, for she +never moved without Hans. If the children chose Hans for the +father-bird, Ella intrusively and suffragistically fluttered into the +nest, too, sadly complicating the family arrangements. They seldom +spoke, but sat stolidly beside each other, laying the same patterns with +dogged pertinacity. + +One morning a new little boy joined our company. As was often the case +he was shy about sitting down. It would seem as if the spectacle of +forty children working tranquilly together, would convince new +applicants that the benches contained no dynamite, but they always +parted with their dilapidated hats as if they never, in the nature of +things, could hope to see them again, and the very contact of their +persons with the benches evoked an uncontrollable wail, which seemed to +say: "It is all up with us now! Let the portcullis fall!" + +The new boy's eye fell on Hansanella and he suddenly smiled broadly. + +"Sit mit Owgoost!" he said. + +"We haven't any 'August'," I responded, "that is Hans Dorflinger." + +"Sit mit Owgoost," he repeated thickly and firmly. + +"Is this boy a friend of yours, Hans?" I inquired, and the twins nodded +blandly. + +"Is your other name August, Hans?" + +This apparently was too complicated a question for the combined mental +activities of the pair, and they lapsed comfortably into their ordinary +state of coma. + +The Corporal finally found the boy who originally foisted upon our +Paradise these two dullest human beings that ever drew breath. He +explained that I had entirely misunderstood his remarks. He said that he +heard I had accepted Hansanella Dorflinger, but they had moved with +their parents to Oakland; and as they could not come, he thought it well +to give the coveted places to August and Anna Olsen, whose mother worked +in a box-factory and would be glad to have the children looked after. + +"What's the matter mit 'em?" he asked anxiously. "Ain't dey goot?" + +"Oh, yes they are good," I replied, adding mysteriously. "If two +children named August and Anna allow you to call them Hansanella for +five weeks without comment, it isn't likely that they would be very +fertile in evil doing!" + +I had a full year's experience with the false Hansanella and in that +time they blighted our supremest joys. There was always a gap in the +circle where they stood and they stopped the electric current whenever +it reached them. I am more anxious that the Eugenic Societies should +eliminate this kind of child from the future than almost any other type. +It has chalk and water instead of blood in its veins. It is as cold as +if it had been made by machinery and then refrigerated, instead of being +brought into being by a mother's love; and it never has an impulse, but +just passes through the world mechanically, taking up space that could +be better occupied by some warm, struggling, erring, aspiring human +creature. + +How can I describe Jacob Lavrowsky? There chanced to be a row of little +Biblical characters, mostly prophets sitting beside one another about +half way back in the room:--Moses, Jeremiah, Ezekial, Elijah and Elisha, +but the greatest of these was Jacob. He was one of ten children, the +offspring of a couple who kept a secondhand clothing establishment in +the vicinity. Mr. and Mrs. Lavrowsky collected, mended, patched, sold +and exchanged cast-off wearing apparel, and the little Lavrowsky's +played about in the rags, slept under the counters and ate Heaven knows +where, during the term of my acquaintance with them. Jacob differed from +all the other of my flock by possessing a premature, thoroughly +unchildlike sense of humor. He regarded me as one of the most +unaccountable human beings he had ever met, but he had such respect for +what he believed to be my good bottom qualities that he constantly tried +to conceal from me his feeling that I was probably a little insane. He +had large expressive eyes, a flat nose, wide mouth, thin hair, long neck +and sallow skin, while his body was so thin and scrawny that his clothes +always hung upon him in shapeless folds. His age was five and his point +of view that of fifty. As to his toilettes, there must have been a large +clothes-bin in the room back of the shop and Jacob must have daily +dressed himself from this, leaning over the side and plucking from the +varied assortment such articles as pleased his errant fancy. He had no +prejudices against bits of feminine attire, often sporting a dark green +cashmere basque trimmed with black velvet ribbon and gilt buttons. It +was double breasted and when it surmounted a pair of trousers cut to the +right length but not altered in width, the effect would have startled +any more exacting community than ours. Jacob was always tired and went +through his tasks rather languidly, greatly preferring work to play. All +diversions such as marching and circle games struck him as pleasant +enough, but childish, and if participated in at all, to be gone through +with in an absent-minded and supercillious manner. There were moments +when his exotic little personality, standing out from all the rest like +an infant Artful Dodger or a caricature of Beau Brummel, seemed to make +him wholly alien to the group, yet he was docile and obedient, his only +fault being a tendency to strong and highly colored language. To make +the marching more effective and develope a better sense of time, I +instituted a very simple and rudimentary form of orchestra with a +triangle, a tambourine, and finally a drum. When the latter instrument +made its first appearance Jacob sought a secluded spot by the piano and +gave himself up to a fit of fairly courteous but excessive mirth. "_A +drum!_" he exclaimed, between his fits of laughter. "_What'll yer have +next? This is a h--l of a school!_" + +Just behind Jacob sat two little pink-cheeked girls five and four years +old, Violet and Rose Featherstone. Violet brought the younger Rose every +day and was a miracle of sisterly devotion. I did not see the mother for +some months after the little pair entered, as she had work that kept +her from home during the hours when it was possible for me to call upon +her, and she lived at a long distance from the kindergarten in a +neighborhood from which none of our other children came. + +I had no anxiety about them however, as the looks, behavior, and +clothing of all my children was always an absolute test of the +conditions prevailing in the home. What was my surprise then, one day to +receive a note from a certain Mrs. Hannah Googins, a name not in my +register. + +She said her Emma Abby had been bringing home pieces of sewing and +weaving of late, marked "Violet Featherstone." She would like to see +some of Emma Abby's own work and find out whether she had taken that of +any other child by mistake. A long and puzzling investigation followed +the receipt of this letter and I found that the romantic little Emma +Abby Googins, not caring for the name given her by her maternal parent, +had assumed that of Violet Featherstone. Also, being an only child and +greatly desiring a sister, she had plucked a certain little Nellie +Taylor from a family near by, named her "Rose Featherstone" and taken +her to and from the kindergarten daily, a distance of at least half a +mile of crowded streets. The affair was purely one of innocent romance. +Emma Abby Googins never told a fib or committed the slightest fault or +folly save that of burying her name, assuming a more distinguished one, +and introducing a sister to me who had no claim to the Googins blood. +Her mother was thoroughly mystified by the occurrence and I no less so, +but Emma Abby simply opened her blue eyes wider and protested that she +"liked to be Violet" and Rose liked to be Rose, and that was the only +excuse for her conduct, which she seemed to think needed neither apology +nor explanation. + +Now comes the darling of the group, the heart's ease, the nonesuch, the +Rose of Erin, the lovely, the indescribable Rosaleen Clancy. + +We were all working busily and happily one morning when a young woman +tapped at the door and led in that flower and pearl of babyhood, the +aforesaid Rosaleen. + +The young woman said she knew that the kindergarten was full, and indeed +had a long waiting list, but the Clancy family had just arrived from +Ireland; that there were two little boys; a new baby twenty-four hours +old; Mr. Clancy had not yet found work, and could we take care of +Rosaleen even for a week or two? + +As I looked at the child the remark that we had not a single vacant seat +perished, unborn, on my lips. She was about three and a half years old, +and was clad in a straight, loose slip of dark blue wool that showed her +neck and arms. A little flat, sort of "pork pie" hat of blue velveteen +sat on the back of her adorable head, showing the satiny rings of yellow +hair that curled round her ears and hung close to her neck. (No wonder!) +She had gray-blue eyes with long upper and under lashes and a perfect +mouth that disclosed the pearly teeth usually confined to the heroines +of novels. As to her skin you would say that Jersey cream was the +principal ingredient in its composition. + +The children had stopped their weaving needles and were gazing +open-mouthed at this vision of beauty, though Rosaleen had by no means +unmasked all her batteries. She came nearer my chair, and without being +invited, slipped her hand in mine in a blarneyish and deludthering way +not unknown in her native isle. The same Jersey cream had gone into its +skin, there were dimples in the knuckles, and baby hand though it was, +its satin touch had a thrill in it, and responded instantly to my +pressure. + +"Do you think we can make room for her, children?" I asked. + +Every small boy cried rapturously: "Look Miss Kate! Here's room! I kin +scrooge up!" and hoped the Lord would send Rosaleen his way! + +"We can't have two children in one seat;" I explained to Rosaleen's +sponsor, "because they can't have proper building exercises nor work to +good advantage when they're crowded." + +"I kin set on the pianner stool!" gallantly offered Billy Prendergast. + +"Perhaps I can borrow a little chair somewhere," I said. "Would you like +to stay with us Rosaleen?" + +Her only answer (she was richer in beautiful looks than in speech) was +to remove her blue velveteen hat and tranquilly placed it on my table. +If she was lovely with her hair covered she was still lovelier now; +while her smile of assent disclosing as it did, an irresistible dimple, +completed our conquest; so that no one in the room (save Hansanella, who +went on doggedly with their weaving) would have been parted from the new +comer save by fire and the sword. + +At one o'clock Bobby Green came back from the noon recess dragging a +high chair. It was his own outgrown property and he had asked our +Janitor to abbreviate its legs and bring it up stairs. + +When Rosaleen sat in it and smiled, a thrill of rapture swept through +the small community. The girls thrilled as well as the boys, for +Rosaleen's was not a mere sex appeal but practically a universal one. + +There was one flaw in our content. Bobby Green's mother arrived shortly +after one o'clock in a high state of wrath, and I was obliged to go out +in the hall and calm her nerves. + +"I really think Bobby's impulse was an honest one," I said. "He did not +know I intended to buy a chair for the new child out of my own salary +this afternoon. He probably thought that the high chair was his very +own, reasoning as children do, and it was a gallant, generous act. I +don't like to have him punished for it, Mrs. Green, and if we both tell +him he ought to have asked your permission before giving the chair away, +and if I buy you a new one, won't you agree to drop the matter?--Think +how manly Bobby was and how generous and thoughtful! If he were mine I +couldn't help being proud of him. Just peep in and look at the baby who +is sitting in his chair, a little stranger, just come from Ireland to +San Francisco." + +Mrs. Green peeped in and saw the sun shining on Rosaleen's primrose +head. She was stringing beads, while Bobby, Pat and Aaron knelt beside +her, palpitating for a chance to serve. + +"She's real cute!" whispered Mrs. Green. "Does Bobby act very often like +he's doin' now?" + +"He's one of the greatest comforts of my life!" I said truly. + +"I wish I could say the same!" she retorted. "Well, I came round +intendin' to give him a good settlin' but he'd had two already this +week and I guess I'll let it go! We ain't so poverty-struck as some o' +the folks in this neighborhood and I guess we can make out to spare a +chair, it's little enough to pay for gettin' rid of Bobby." + +Two years that miracle of beauty and sweetness, Rosaleen Clancy stayed +with us, just as potent an influence as the birds or the flowers, the +stories I told, or the music I coaxed from the little upright piano. Her +face was not her only fortune for she had a heart of gold. Ireland did +indeed have a grievance when Rosaleen left it for America! + +This is just a corner of my portrait gallery, which has dozens of other +types hanging on the walls clamoring to be described. Some were lovely +and some interestingly ugly; some were like lilies growing out of the +mud, others had not been quite as able to energize themselves out of +their environment and bore the sad traces of it ever with them;--still, +they were all absorbingly interesting beyond my power to paint. Month +after month they sat together, working, playing, helping, growing--in a +word learning how to live, and there in the midst of the group was I, +learning my life lesson with them. + +The study and the practice of the kindergarten theory of education and +of life gave me, while I was still very young, a certain ideal by which +to live and work, and it has never faded.--Never, whether richer or +poorer, whether better or worse, in sickness or in health, in prosperity +or adversity, never wholly to lose my glimpse of that "celestial light" +that childhood-apparalled "Meadow, grove and stream, the earth and every +common sight:" and to hold that attitude of mind and heart which gives +to life even when it is difficult something of "the glory and the +freshness of a dream!" + +[Illustration] + + * * * * * + +ADVERTISEMENTS + + +By Kate Douglas Wiggin + + +REBECCA OF SUNNYBROOK FARM. 12mo, $1.25. +NEW CHRONICLES OF REBECCA. Illustrated by F. C. Yohn. 12mo, $1.25. +ROSE O' THE RIVER. Ill. in color. 12mo, $1.25. +THE AFFAIR AT THE INN. Ill. 12mo, $1.25. +THE DIARY OF A GOOSE GIRL. Illustrated. 12mo, $1.00. +A CATHEDRAL COURTSHIP AND PENELOPE'S ENGLISH EXPERIENCES. Ill. 16mo, + $1.00. +PENELOPE'S PROGRESS. 16mo, $1.25. +PENELOPE'S IRISH EXPERIENCES. 16mo, $1.25. +PENELOPE'S EXPERIENCES. I England; II Scotland; III Ireland; Holiday + Edition. With many illustrations by Charles E. Brock. 3 vols., each + 12mo, $2.00 the set, $6.00. +A CATHEDRAL COURTSHIP. Holiday Edition, enlarged. Illustrated by + C. E. Brock. 12mo, $1.50. +THE BIRDS' CHRISTMAS CAROL. Illustrated. Square 12mo, 50 cents. +THE STORY OF PATSY. Illustrated. Square 12mo, 60 cents. +A SUMMER IN A CANYON. A California Story. Illustrated. 16mo, $1.25. +TIMOTHY'S QUEST. A Story for Anybody, Young or Old, who cares to read + it. 16mo, $1.00. Holiday Edition. Illustrated. Crown 8vo, $1.50. +POLLY OLIVER'S PROBLEM. Illustrated. 16mo, $1.00. In Riverside School + Library. 60 cents, net; postpaid. +THE VILLAGE WATCH-TOWER. 16mo, $1.00 +MARM LISA, 16mo, $1.00. +NINE LOVE SONGS, AND A CAROL. Music by Mrs. Wiggin. Words by Herrick, + Sill, and others. Square 8vo, $1.25. + + * * * * * + +By Mrs. Wiggin and Miss Nora Archibald Smith + + +THE STORY HOUR. A Book for the Home and Kindergarten. Illustrated. 16mo, + $1.00. +CHILDREN'S RIGHTS. A Book of Nursery Logic. 16mo, $1.00. +THE REPUBLIC OF CHILDHOOD. In three volumes. Each, 16mo, $1.00. + I. FROEBEL'S GIFTS. + II. FROEBEL'S OCCUPATIONS. + III. KINDERGARTEN PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE. + + * * * * * + +HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN AND COMPANY +Boston and New York + + + + + +End of Project Gutenberg's The Girl and the Kingdom, by Kate Douglas Wiggin + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GIRL AND THE KINGDOM *** + +***** This file should be named 22578.txt or 22578.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/2/2/5/7/22578/ + +Produced by Martin Pettit and the Online Distributed +Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was +produced from images generously made available by The +Internet Archive/American Libraries.) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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