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+Project Gutenberg's The Girl and the Kingdom, by Kate Douglas Wiggin
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Girl and the Kingdom
+       Learning to Teach
+
+Author: Kate Douglas Wiggin
+
+Release Date: September 11, 2007 [EBook #22578]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GIRL AND THE KINGDOM ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Martin Pettit and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was
+produced from images generously made available by The
+Internet Archive/American Libraries.)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+The Girl and the Kingdom
+
+_LEARNING TO TEACH_
+
+_WRITTEN BY_
+
+KATE DOUGLAS WIGGIN
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Presented to the Los Angeles City Teachers Club to Create an Educational
+Fund to Be Used in Part for the Literacy Campaign of The California
+Federation of Women's Clubs
+
+_Cover Designed by_ Miss Neleta Hain
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+[Illustration: Kate Douglas Wiggin]
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+The Girl and the Kingdom
+
+
+_LEARNING TO TEACH_
+
+
+A long, busy street in San Francisco. Innumerable small shops lined it
+from north to south; horse cars, always crowded with passengers, hurried
+to and fro; narrow streets intersected the broader one, these built up
+with small dwellings, most of them rather neglected by their owners. In
+the middle distance other narrow streets and alleys where taller houses
+stood, and the windows, fire escapes, and balconies of these, added
+great variety to the landscape, as the families housed there kept most
+of their effects on the outside during the long dry season.
+
+Still farther away were the roofs, chimneys and smoke stacks of mammoth
+buildings--railway sheds, freight depots, power houses and the
+like--with finally a glimpse of docks and wharves and shipping. This, or
+at least a considerable section of it, was the kingdom. To the ordinary
+beholder it might have looked ugly, crowded, sordid, undesirable, but it
+appeared none of these things to the lucky person who had been invested
+with some sort of modest authority in its affairs.
+
+The throne from which the lucky person viewed the empire was humble
+enough. It was the highest of the tin shop steps at the corner of Silver
+and Third streets, odd place for a throne, but one commanding a fine
+view of the inhabitants, their dwellings, and their activities. The
+activities in plain sight were somewhat limited in variety, but the
+signs sported the names of nearly every nation upon the earth. The
+Shubeners, Levis, Ezekiels and Appels were generally in tailoring or
+secondhand furniture and clothing, while the Raffertys, O'Flanagans and
+McDougalls dispensed liquor. All the most desirable sites were occupied
+by saloons, for it was practically impossible to quench the thirst of
+the neighborhood, though many were engaged in a valiant effort to do so.
+There were also in evidence, barbers, joiners, plumbers, grocers,
+fruit-sellers, bakers and venders of small wares, and there was the
+largest and most splendidly recruited army of do-nothings that the sun
+ever shone upon. These forever-out-of-workers, leaning against every
+lamp post, fence picket, corner house, and barber pole in the vicinity,
+were all male, but they were mostly mated to women fully worthy of them,
+their wives doing nothing with equal assiduity in the back streets hard
+by.--Stay, they did one thing, they added copiously to the world's
+population; and indeed it seemed as if the families in the community
+that ought to have had few children, or none at all, (for their
+country's good) had the strongest prejudice to race suicide. Well, there
+was the kingdom and there were the dwellers therein, and the lucky
+person on the steps was a girl. She did not know at first that it was a
+kingdom, and the kingdom never at any time would have recognized itself
+under that name, for it was anything but a sentimental neighborhood. The
+girl was somewhat too young for the work she was going to do, and
+considerably too inexperienced, but she had a kindergarten diploma in
+her pocket, and being an ardent follower of Froebel she thought a good
+many roses might blossom in the desert of Tar Flat, the rather
+uneuphonious name of the kingdom.
+
+Here the discreet anonymity of the third person must be cast aside and
+the regrettable egotism of the first person allowed to enter, for I was
+a girl, and the modest chronicle of my early educational and
+philanthropic adventures must be told after the manner of other
+chronicles.
+
+The building in Silver Street which was to be the scene of such
+beautiful and inspiring doings (I hoped) as had been seldom observed on
+this planet, was pleasant and commodious. It had been occupied by two
+classes of an overcrowded primary school, which had now been removed to
+a fine modern building. The two rooms rented for this pioneer free
+kindergarten of the Pacific Coast were (Alas!) in the second story but
+were large and sunny. A broad flight of twenty wooden steps led from
+street to first floor and a long stairway connected that floor with the
+one above. If anyone had realized what those fifty or sixty stairs meant
+to the new enterprise, in labor and weariness, in wasted time and
+strength of teachers and children--but it was difficult to find ideal
+conditions in a crowded neighborhood.
+
+The first few days after my arrival in San Francisco were spent in the
+installing of stove, piano, tables, benches and working materials, and
+then the beautifying began, the creation of a room so attractive and
+homelike, so friendly in its atmosphere, that its charm would be felt by
+every child who entered it. I was a stranger in a strange city, my only
+acquaintances being the trustees of the newly formed Association. These
+naturally had no technical knowledge, (I am speaking of the Dark Ages,
+when there were but two or three trained kindergartners west of the
+Rocky Mountains) and the practical organization of things--a
+kindergarten of fifty children in active operation--this was my
+department. When I had anything to show them they were eager and
+willing to help, meantime they could and did furnish the sinews of war,
+standing sponsors to the community for the ideals in education we were
+endeavoring to represent. Here is where the tin shop steps came in. I
+sat there very often in those sunny days of late July, 1878, dreaming
+dreams and seeing visions; plotting, planning, helping, believing,
+forecasting the future. "Hills peeped o'er hills and Alps on Alps."
+
+I take some credit to myself that when there were yet no such things as
+Settlements and Neighborhood Guilds I had an instinct that this was the
+right way to work.
+
+"This school," I thought, "must not be an exotic, a parasite, an alien
+growth, not a flower of beauty transplanted from a conservatory and
+shown under glass; it must have its roots deep in the neighborhood life,
+and there my roots must be also. No teacher, be she ever so gifted, ever
+so consecrated, can sufficiently influence the children under her care
+for only a few hours a day, unless she can gradually persuade the
+parents to be her allies. I must find then the desired fifty children
+under school age (six years in California) and I must somehow keep in
+close relation to the homes from which they come."
+
+How should I get in intimate touch with this strange, puzzling, foreign
+community, this big clump of poverty-stricken, intemperate, overworked,
+lazy, extravagant, ill-assorted humanity leavened here and there by a
+God-fearing, thrifty, respectable family? There were from time to time
+children of widows who were living frugally and doing their best for
+their families who proved to be the leaven in my rather sorry lump.
+
+Buying and borrowing were my first two aids to fellowship. I bought my
+luncheon at a different bakery every day and my glass of milk at a
+different dairy. At each visit I talked, always casually, of the new
+kindergarten, and gave its date of opening, but never "solicited"
+pupils. I bought pencils, crayons, and mucilage of the local stationers;
+brown paper and soap of the grocers; hammers and tacks of the hardware
+man. I borrowed many things, returned them soon, and thus gave my
+neighbors the satisfaction of being helpful. When I tried to borrow the
+local carpenter's saw he answered that he would rather come and do the
+job himself than lend his saw to a lady. The combination of a lady and
+edged tools was something in his mind so humorous that I nervously
+changed the subject. (If he is still alive I am sure _he_ is an
+Anti-Suffragist!) I was glad to display my school room to an intelligent
+workman, and a half hour's explanation of the kindergarten occupations
+made the carpenter an enthusiastic convert. This gave me a new idea,
+and to each craftsman, in the vicinity, I showed the particular branch
+of kindergarten handiwork that might appeal to him, whether laying of
+patterns, in separate sticks and tablets, weaving, drawing, rudimentary
+efforts at designing, folding and cutting of paper, or clay modelling.
+
+I had the great advantage of making all of my calls in shops, and thus I
+had not the unpleasant duty of visiting people's houses uninvited, nor
+the embarrassment of being treated as peddlers of patronage and good
+advice are apt to be treated. Besides, in many cases, the shops and
+homes (Heaven save the mark!) were under one roof, and children scuttled
+in and out, behind and under the counters and over the thresholds into
+the street. They were all agog with curiosity and so were the women. A
+mother does not have to be highly cultured to perceive the advantage of
+a place near by where she can send her four or five year olds free of
+charge and know that they are busy and happy for several hours a day.
+
+I know, by long experience with younger kindergartners and social
+workers in after years, that this kind of "visiting" presents many
+perplexities to persons of a certain temperament, but I never entered
+any house where I felt the least sensation of being out of place. I
+don't think this flexibility is a gift of especially high order, nor
+that it would be equally valuable in all walks of life, but it is of
+great service in this sort of work. Whether I sat in a stuffed chair or
+on a nailkeg or an inverted washtub it was always equally agreeable to
+me. The "getting into relation," perfectly, and without the loss of a
+moment, gave me a sense of mental and spiritual exhilaration. I never
+had to adapt myself elaborately to a strange situation in order to be in
+sympathy. I never said to myself: "But for God's grace I might be the
+woman on that cot; unloved, uncared for, with a new-born child at my
+side and a dozen men drinking in the saloon just on the other side of
+the wall * * * or that mother of five--convivial, dishonest, unfaithful
+* * * or that timid, frail, little creature struggling to support a
+paralytic husband." I never had to give myself logical reasons for being
+where I was, nor wonder what I should say; my one idea was to keep the
+situation simple and free from embarrassment to any one; to be as
+completely a part of it as if I had been born there; to be helpful
+without being intrusive; to show no surprise whatever happened; above
+all to be cheerful, strong and bracing, not weakly sentimental.
+
+As the day of opening approached an unexpected and valuable aide-de-camp
+appeared on the scene. An American girl of twelve or thirteen slipped in
+the front door one day when I was practicing children's songs,
+whereupon the following colloquy ensued.
+
+"What's this place goin' to be?"
+
+"A kindergarten."
+
+"What's that?"
+
+Explanation suited to the questioner, followed.
+
+"Can I come in afternoons, on my way home from school and see what you
+do?"
+
+"Certainly."
+
+"Can I stay now and help round?"
+
+"Yes indeed, I should be delighted."
+
+"What's the bird for?"
+
+"What are all birds for?" I answered, just to puzzle her.
+
+"I dunno. What's the plants and flowers for?"
+
+"What are all flowers for?" I demanded again.
+
+"But I thought 'twas a school."
+
+"It is, but it's a new kind."
+
+"Where's the books?"
+
+"The children are going to be under six; we shan't have reading and
+writing."
+
+We sat down to work together, marking out and cutting brown paper
+envelopes for the children's sewing or weaving, binding colored prints
+with gold paper and putting them on the wall with thumb tacks, and
+arranging all the kindergarten materials tidily on the shelves of the
+closets. Next day was a holiday and she begged to come again. I
+consented and told her that she might bring a friend if she liked and we
+would lunch together.
+
+"I guess not," she said, with just a hint of jealousy in her tone. "You
+and I get on so well that mebbe we'd be bothered with another girl
+messin' around, and she'd be one more to wash up for after lunch."
+
+From that moment, the Corporal, as I called her, was a stanch ally and
+there was seldom a day in the coming years when she did not faithfully
+perform all sorts of unofficial duties, attaching herself passionately
+to my service with the devotion of a mother or an elder sister. She
+proved at the beginning a kind of travelling agent for the school
+haranguing mothers on the street corners and addressing the groups of
+curious children who gathered at the foot of the school steps.
+
+"You'd ought to go upstairs and see the _inside_ of it!" she would
+exclaim. "It's just like going around the world. There's a canary bird,
+there's fishes swimmin' in a glass bowl, there's plants bloomin' on the
+winder sills, there's a pianner, and more'n a million pictures! There's
+closets stuffed full o' things to play and work with, and whatever the
+scholars make they're goin' to take home if it's good. There's a
+play-room with red rings painted on the floor and they're going to march
+and play games on 'em. She can play the pianner standin' up or settin'
+down, without lookin' at her hands to see where they're goin'. She's
+goin' to wear white, two a week, and I got Miss Lannigan to wash 'em for
+her for fifteen cents apiece. I tell her the children 'round here's
+awful dirty and she says the cleaner she is the cleaner they'll be....
+No, 'tain't goin' to be no Sunday School," said the voluble Corporal.
+"No, 'tain't goin' to be no Mission; no, 'tain't goin' to be no Lodge!
+She says it's a new kind of a school, that's all I know, and next
+Monday'll see it goin' full blast!"
+
+It was somewhat in this fashion, that I walked joyously into the heart
+of a San Francisco slum, and began experimenting with my newly-learned
+panaceas.
+
+These were early days. The kindergarten theory of education was on trial
+for its very life; the fame of Pestalozzi and Froebel seemed to my
+youthful vision to be in my keeping, and I had all the ardor of a
+neophyte. I simply stepped into a cockle-shell and put out into an
+unknown ocean, where all manner of derelicts needed help and succor. The
+ocean was a life of which I had heretofore known nothing; miserable,
+overburdened, and sometimes criminal.
+
+My cockle-shell managed to escape shipwreck, and took its frail place
+among the other craft that sailed in its company. I hardly saw or felt
+the safety of the harbor or the shore for three years, the three years
+out of my whole life the most wearying, the most heart-searching, the
+most discouraging, the most inspiring; also, I dare say, the best worth
+living.
+
+"Full blast," the Corporal's own expression, exactly described the
+setting out of the cockle-shell; that is, the eventful Monday morning
+when the doors of the first free kindergarten west of the Rockies threw
+open its doors.
+
+The neighborhood was enthusiastic in presenting its offspring at the
+altar of educational experiment, and we might have enrolled a hundred
+children had there been room. I was to have no assistant and we had
+provided seats only for forty-five, which prohibited a list of more than
+fifty at the outside. A convert to any inspiring idea being anxious to
+immolate herself on the first altar which comes in the path of duty, I
+carefully selected the children best calculated to show to the amazed
+public the regenerating effects of the kindergarten method, and as a
+whole they were unsurpassed specimens of the class we hoped to benefit.
+
+Of the forty who were accepted the first morning, thirty appeared to be
+either indifferent or willing victims, while ten were quite the reverse.
+These screamed if the maternal hand were withdrawn, bawled if their hats
+were taken away, and bellowed if they were asked to sit down. This
+rebellion led to their being removed to the hall by their mothers, who
+spanked them vigorously every few minutes and returned them to me each
+time in a more unconquered state, with their lung power quite unimpaired
+and their views of the New Education still vague and distorted. As the
+mothers were uniformly ladies with ruffled hair, snapping eyes, high
+color and short temper, I could not understand the childrens' fear of
+me, a mild young thing "in white"--as the Corporal would say--but they
+evidently preferred the ills they knew. When the last mother led in the
+last freshly spanked child and said as she prepared to leave: "Well, I
+suppose they might as well get used to you one time as another, so
+good-day, Miss, and God help you!" I felt that my woes were greater than
+I could bear, for, as the door closed, several infants who had been
+quite calm began to howl in sympathy with their suffering brethren. Then
+the door opened again and the Corporal's bright face appeared in the
+crack.
+
+"Goodness!" she ejaculated, "this ain't the new kind of a school I
+thought 'twas goin' to be!--Stop your cryin', Jimmy Maxwell, a great big
+boy like you; and Levi Isaacs and Goldine Gump, I wonder you ain't
+ashamed! Do you 'spose Miss Kate can do anything with such a racket? Now
+don't let me hear any more o' your nonsense!--Miss Kate," she whispered,
+turning to me: "I've got the whole day off for my uncle's funeral, and
+as he ain't buried till three o'clock I thought I'd better run in and
+see how you was gettin' on!"
+
+"You are an angel, Corporal!" I said. "Take all the howlers down into
+the yard and let them play in the sand tables till I call you."
+
+When the queue of weeping babes had been sternly led out by the Corporal
+something like peace descended upon the room but there could be no work
+for the moment because the hands were too dirty. Coöperation was
+strictly Froebelian so I selected with an eagle eye several assistants
+from the group--the brightest-eyed, best-tempered, and cleanest. With
+their help I arranged the seats, the older children at the back tables
+and the babies in the front. Classification was difficult as many of
+them did not know their names, their ages, their sexes, nor their
+addresses, but I had succeeded in getting a little order out of chaos by
+the time the Corporal appeared again.
+
+"They've all stopped cryin' but Hazel Golly, and she ran when I wa'n't
+lookin' and got so far I couldn't ketch her; anyway she ain't no loss
+for I live next door to her.--What'll we do next?"
+
+"Scrub!" I said firmly. "I want to give them some of the easiest work,
+two kinds, but we can't touch the colored cards until all the hands are
+clean.--Shall we take soap and towels and all go down into the yard
+where the sink is, children, and turn up our sleeves and have a nice
+wash?" (Some of the infants had doubtless started from home in a
+tolerable state of cleanliness but all signs had disappeared en route).
+
+The proposition was greeted amiably. "Anything rather than sit still!"
+is the mental attitude of a child under six!
+
+"I told you just how dirty they'd be," murmured the Corporal. "I know
+'em; but I never expected to get this good chance to scrub any of 'em."
+
+"It's only the first day;--wait till _next_ Monday," I urged.
+
+"I shan't be here to see it _next_ Monday morning," my young friend
+replied. "We can't bury Uncle _every_ week!" (This with a sigh of
+profound regret!)
+
+Many days were spent in learning the unpronounceable names of my flock
+and in keeping them from murdering one another until Froebel's justly
+celebrated "law of love" could be made a working proposition. It was
+some time before the babies could go down stairs in a line without
+precipitating one another head foremost by furtive kicks and punches. I
+placed an especially dependable boy at the head and tail of the line but
+accidentally overheard the tail boy tell the head that he'd lay him out
+flat if he got into the yard first, a threat that embarrassed a free and
+expeditious exit:--and all their relations to one another seemed at
+this time to be arranged on a broad basis of belligerence. But better
+days were coming, were indeed near at hand, and the children themselves
+brought them; they only needed to be shown how, but you may well guess
+that in the early days of what was afterwards to be known as "The
+Kindergarten Movement on the Pacific Coast," when the Girl and her
+Kingdom first came into active communication with each other, the
+question of discipline loomed rather large! Putting aside altogether the
+question of the efficiency, or the propriety, of corporal punishment in
+the public schools, it seems pretty clear that babies of four or five
+years should be spanked by their parents if by anyone; and that a
+teacher who cannot induce good behavior in children of that age, without
+spanking, has mistaken her vocation. However, it is against their
+principles for kindergartner's to spank, slap, flog, shake or otherwise
+wrestle with their youthful charges, no matter how much they seem to
+need these instantaneous and sometimes very effectual methods of
+dissuasion at the moment.
+
+There are undoubtedly times when the old Adam (I don't know why it
+shouldn't be the Old Eve!) rises in one's still unregenerate heart, and
+one longs to take the "low road" in discipline; but the "high road"
+commonly leads one to the desired point without great delay and there is
+genuine satisfaction in finding that taking away his work from a child,
+or depriving him of the pleasure of helping his neighbors, is as great a
+punishment as a blow.
+
+You may say such ideal methods would not prevail with older boys and
+girls, and that may be true, for wrong development may have gone too
+far; but it is difficult to find a small child who is lazy or
+indifferent, or one who would welcome the loss of work; difficult also
+to find one who is not unhappy when deprived of the chance of service,
+seeing, as he does, his neighbors happily working together and joyfully
+helping others.
+
+I had many Waterloos in my term of generalship and many a time was I a
+feeble enough officer of "The Kid's Guards" as the kindergarten was
+translated in Tar Flat by those unfamiliar with the German word.
+
+The flock was at the foot of the stairs one morning at eleven o'clock
+when there was a loud and long fire alarm in the immediate vicinity. No
+doubt existed in the mind of any child as to the propriety or
+advisability of remaining at the seat of learning. They started down the
+steps for the fire in a solid body, with such unanimity and rapidity
+that I could do nothing but save the lives of the younger ones and keep
+them from being trampled upon while I watched the flight of their
+elders. I was left with two lame boys and four babies so fat and
+bow-legged that they probably never had reached, nor ever would reach, a
+fire while it was still burning.
+
+Pat Higgins, aged five and a half, the leader of the line, had a sudden
+pang of conscience at the corner and ran back to ask me artlessly if he
+might "go to the fire."
+
+"Certainly not," I answered firmly. "On the contrary please stay here
+with the lame and the fat, while _I_ go to the fire and bring back the
+other children."
+
+I then pursued the errant flock and recovering most of them, marched
+them back to the school-room, meeting Judge Solomon Heydenfelt,
+President of the new Kindergarten Association, on the steps. He had been
+awaiting me for ten minutes and it was his first visit! He had never
+seen a kindergarten before, either returning from a fire or otherwise,
+and there was a moment of embarrassment, but I had a sense of humor and
+fortunately he enjoyed the same blessing. Only very young teachers who
+await the visits of supervisors in shuddering expectancy can appreciate
+this episode.
+
+The days grew brighter and more hopeful as winter approached. I got into
+closer relation with some homes than others, and I soon had half a dozen
+five-year-olds who came to the kindergarten clean, and if not whole,
+well darned and patched. One of these could superintend a row of babies
+at their outline sewing, thread their needles, untangle their
+everlasting knots, and correct the mistakes in the design by the jabbing
+of wrong holes in the card. Another was very skillful at weaving and
+proved a good assistant in that occupation.
+
+I developed also a little body guard which was efficient in making a
+serener and more harmonious atmosphere. It is neither wise nor kind to
+burden a child with responsibilities too heavy or irksome for his years,
+but surely it is never too early to allow him to be helpful to his
+fellows and considerate of his elders. I can't believe that any of the
+tiny creatures on whom I leaned in those weary days were the worse for
+my leaning. The more I depended on them the greater was their
+dependableness, and the little girls grew more tender, the boys more
+chivalrous. I had my subtle means of communication, spirit to spirit! If
+Pat Higgins, pausing on the verge of some regrettable audacity or
+hilarious piece of mischief, chanced to catch my eye, he desisted. He
+knew that I was saying to him silently: "You are not so very naughty. I
+could almost let you go on if it were not for those others who are
+always making trouble. Somebody _must_ be good! I cannot bear it if you
+desert me!"
+
+Whenever I said "Pat" or "Aaron" or "Billy" in a pleading tone it meant
+"Help! or I perish!" and it was so construed. No, I was never left
+without succor when I was in need of it! I remember so well an afternoon
+in late October when the world had gone very wrong! There had been a
+disagreeable argument with Mrs. Gump, who had sent Goldine to mingle
+with the children when she knew she had chicken pox; Stanislas
+Strazinski had fallen down stairs and bruised his knee; Mercedes Pulaski
+had upset a vase of flowers on the piano keys and finally Petronius
+Nelson had stolen a red woolen ball. I had seen it in his hand and taken
+it from him sadly and quietly as he was going down the stairs. I
+suggested a few minutes for repentance in the play-room and when he came
+out he sat at my knee and sobbed out his grief in pitiful fashion. His
+tears moved my very heart. "Only four years old," I thought, "and no
+playthings at home half as attractive as the bright ones we have here,
+so I must be very gentle with him." I put my arm around him to draw him
+to me and the gesture brought me in contact with his curiously knobby,
+little chest. What were my feelings when I extracted from his sailor
+blouse one orange, one blue, and two green balls! And this after ten
+minutes of repentant tears! I pointed the moral as quickly as possible
+so that I might be alone, and then realizing the apparent hopelessness
+of some of the tasks that confronted me I gave way to a moment of
+hysterical laughter, followed by such a flood of tears as I had not shed
+since I was a child. It was then and there the Corporal found me, on her
+way home from school. She flung her books on the floor and took my head
+on her kind, scrawny, young shoulder.
+
+"What have they been doin' to you?" she stormed. "You just tell me which
+one of 'em 'tis and I'll see't he remembers this day as long as he
+lives. Your hair's all mussed up and you look sick abed!"
+
+She led me to the sofa where we put tired babies to sleep, and covered
+me with my coat. Then she stole out and came back with a pitcher of hot,
+_well-boiled_ tea, after which she tidied the room and made everything
+right for next day. Dear Old Corporal!
+
+The improvement in these "little teachers" in capacity as well as in
+manner, voice, speech and behavior, was almost supernatural, and it was
+only less obvious in the rank and file. There was little "scrubbing"
+done on the premises now, for nearly all the mothers who were not
+invalids, intemperate, or incurable slatterns, were heartily in sympathy
+with our ideals. At the end of six weeks when various members of the
+Board of Trustees began to drop in for their second visit they were
+almost frightened by our attractive appearance.
+
+"The subscribers will think the children come from Nob Hill," one of
+them exclaimed in humorous alarm. "Are you _sure_ you took the most
+needy in every way?"
+
+"Quite sure. Sit down in my chair, please, and look at my private book.
+Do you see in the first place that thirteen are the children of small
+liquor sellers and live back of the saloons? Then note that ten are the
+children of widows who support large families by washing, cleaning,
+machine sewing or shop-keeping. You will see that one mother and three
+fathers on our list are temporarily in jail serving short terms. We may
+never have quite such a picturesque class again, and perhaps it would
+not be advisable; I wish sometimes that I had taken humanity as it ran,
+good, bad and indifferent, instead of choosing children from the most
+discouraging homes. I thought, of course, that they were going to be
+little villains. They ought to be, if there is anything either in
+heredity or environment, but just look at them at this moment--a
+favorable moment, I grant you--but just look at them! Forty
+pretty-near-angels, that's what they are!"
+
+"It is marvellous! I could adopt twenty of them! I cannot account for
+it," said another of the Trustees.
+
+"I can," I answered. "Any tolerably healthy child under six who is
+clean, busy, happy and in good company looks as these do. Why should
+they not be attractive? They live for four hours a day in this sunny,
+airy room; they do charming work suited to their baby capacities--work,
+too, which is not all pure routine, but in a simple way creative, so
+that they are not only occupied, but they are expressing themselves as
+creative beings should. They have music, stories and games, and although
+they are obliged to behave themselves (which is sometimes a trifle
+irksome) they never hear an unkind word. They grow in grace, partly
+because they return as many of these favors as is possible at their age.
+They water the plants, clean the bird's cage and fill the seed cups and
+bath; they keep the room as tidy as possible to make the janitor's work
+easier; they brush up the floor after their own muddy feet; the older
+ones help the younger and the strong look after the weak. The conditions
+are almost ideal; why should they not respond to them?"
+
+California children are apt to be good specimens. They suffer no
+extremes of heat or cold; food is varied and fruit plentiful and cheap;
+they are out of doors every month in the year and they are more than
+ordinarily clever and lively. Still I refuse to believe that any other
+company of children in California, or in the universe, was ever so
+unusual or so piquantly interesting as those of the Silver Street
+Kindergarten, particularly the never-to-be-forgotten "first forty."
+
+As I look back across the lapse of time I cannot understand how any
+creature, however young, strong or ardent, could have supported the
+fatigue and strain of that first year! No one was to blame, for the
+experiment met with appreciation almost immediately, but I was
+attempting the impossible, and trying to perform the labor of three
+women. I soon learned to work more skillfully, but I habitually
+squandered my powers and lavished on trivial details strength that
+should have been spent more thriftily. The difficulties of each day
+could be surmounted only by quick wit, ingenuity, versatility; by the
+sternest exercise of self-control and by a continual outpour of
+magnetism. My enthusiasm made me reckless, but though I regret that I
+worked in entire disregard of all laws of health, I do not regret a
+single hour of exhaustion, discouragement or despair. All my pains were
+just so many birth-pangs, leaving behind them a little more knowledge of
+human nature, a little wider vision, a little clearer insight, a little
+deeper sympathy.
+
+There were more than a thousand visitors during the first year, a
+circumstance that greatly increased the nervous strain of teaching; for
+I had to train myself, as well as the children to as absolute a state of
+unconsciousness as possible. I always jauntily described the visitors as
+"fathers and mothers," and told the children that there would soon be
+other schools like ours, and people just wanted to see how we sang, and
+played circle games, and modelled in clay, and learned arithmetic with
+building blocks and all the rest of it. I paid practically no attention
+to the visitors myself and they ordinarily were clever enough to
+understand the difficulties of the situation. Among the earliest in the
+late autumn of 1878 were Prof. John Swett and Mrs. Kincaid of the San
+Francisco Normal School who thereafter sent down their students, two at
+a time, for observation and practical aid. The next important visitor in
+the spring of 1879 was Mrs. Sarah B. Cooper. She possessed the
+"understanding heart" and also great executive ability, so that with the
+help of her large Bible class she was able to open a second free
+Kindergarten on Jackson Street in October, 1879. Soon after this date
+the desert began to blossom as the rose. I went to the Eastern cities
+during my summer vacation and learned by observation and instruction all
+that I could from my older and wiser contemporaries Miss Susan Blow of
+St. Louis, Dr. Hailman of LaPorte, Mrs. Putnam of Chicago and Miss
+Elizabeth Peabody and Miss Garland of Boston. Returning I opened my own
+Kindergarten Training School and my sister Miss Nora Archibald Smith
+joined me both in the theoretical and practical spreading of the gospel.
+
+Thirty-seven years have passed, but if I were a portrait painter I
+could reproduce on canvas every nose, eye, smile, hand, curl of hair, in
+that group. I often close my eyes to call up the picture, and almost
+every child falls into his old seat and answers to his right name. Here
+are a few sketches of those in the front row:
+
+Willy Beer, dubbed Wriggly Beer by the older boys in his street, because
+of a slight nervous affection that kept him in a state of perpetual
+motion. He was not uncomely; indeed, when I was telling a story it was a
+pleasure to watch his face all twitching with interest; first nose, then
+eyes, then mouth, till the delight spread to his fat hands, which
+clasped and unclasped as the tale proceeded. He had a perfect sense of
+time and tunes and was indefatigable in the marching and games. His
+mother sent me this unique letter when he had been with me a month:
+
+
+     "_Yung lady_:
+
+     "_Willy seems to be onto his foot most of the time. These is all
+     the butes Willy will half to Krissmus. Can you learn him settin'
+     down?_
+                                      _Respeckfully,_
+                                             "_Mrs. Beer._"
+
+
+Sitting next to Willy, and rhyming with him, was Billy--Billy
+Prendergast--a large boy for his years with the face and voice of a man
+of thirty.
+
+Billy Prendergast taught me a very good lesson in pedagogy when I was
+making believe teach him other things!
+
+One of our simple morning songs ended with the verse:
+
+
+     "All ye little children, hear the truth we tell.
+     God will ne'er forget you, for he loves you well."
+
+
+One day in the gentle lull that succeeded the singing of that song,
+Billy's growling baritone fell on my ear:
+
+"Why will he never get yer?" he asked, his strange rough voice bringing
+complete silence, as it always did.
+
+"What do you mean, Billy?"
+
+"That's what it says: 'God will never get yer, for he loves you well."
+
+Consternation overcame me. Billy, and goodness knows how many others,
+had been beginning the day with the puzzling theological statement: "God
+will never get yer (ne'er forget you) for he loves you well."
+
+I chose my verses more carefully, after that experience, avoiding all
+e'ers and ne'ers and other misleading abbreviations.
+
+Hansanella Dorflinger now claims attention.
+
+Hansanella sounds like one word but they were twins, and thus introduced
+to me by a large incoherent boy who brought them to the kindergarten. He
+was in a hurry and left them at my door with scant ceremony, save the
+frequent repetition of the watchword "Hansanella."
+
+After some difficulty I succeeded in deciding which was Hans and which
+was Ella, though there was practically no difference between them
+excepting that the ash blonde hair of Hans was cropped still more
+closely than that of Ella.
+
+They had light blue glassy eyes, too far apart, thin lips, chalky skins
+and perennial colds in the head. They breathed together, smiled and wept
+together, rose and sat down together and wiped their noses
+together--none too frequently. Never were such 'twinneous' twins as
+Hansanella, and it was ridiculous to waste two names on them, for there
+was not between them personality enough for one child.
+
+When I requested Ella to be a pony it immediately became a span, for she
+never moved without Hans. If the children chose Hans for the
+father-bird, Ella intrusively and suffragistically fluttered into the
+nest, too, sadly complicating the family arrangements. They seldom
+spoke, but sat stolidly beside each other, laying the same patterns with
+dogged pertinacity.
+
+One morning a new little boy joined our company. As was often the case
+he was shy about sitting down. It would seem as if the spectacle of
+forty children working tranquilly together, would convince new
+applicants that the benches contained no dynamite, but they always
+parted with their dilapidated hats as if they never, in the nature of
+things, could hope to see them again, and the very contact of their
+persons with the benches evoked an uncontrollable wail, which seemed to
+say: "It is all up with us now! Let the portcullis fall!"
+
+The new boy's eye fell on Hansanella and he suddenly smiled broadly.
+
+"Sit mit Owgoost!" he said.
+
+"We haven't any 'August'," I responded, "that is Hans Dorflinger."
+
+"Sit mit Owgoost," he repeated thickly and firmly.
+
+"Is this boy a friend of yours, Hans?" I inquired, and the twins nodded
+blandly.
+
+"Is your other name August, Hans?"
+
+This apparently was too complicated a question for the combined mental
+activities of the pair, and they lapsed comfortably into their ordinary
+state of coma.
+
+The Corporal finally found the boy who originally foisted upon our
+Paradise these two dullest human beings that ever drew breath. He
+explained that I had entirely misunderstood his remarks. He said that he
+heard I had accepted Hansanella Dorflinger, but they had moved with
+their parents to Oakland; and as they could not come, he thought it well
+to give the coveted places to August and Anna Olsen, whose mother worked
+in a box-factory and would be glad to have the children looked after.
+
+"What's the matter mit 'em?" he asked anxiously. "Ain't dey goot?"
+
+"Oh, yes they are good," I replied, adding mysteriously. "If two
+children named August and Anna allow you to call them Hansanella for
+five weeks without comment, it isn't likely that they would be very
+fertile in evil doing!"
+
+I had a full year's experience with the false Hansanella and in that
+time they blighted our supremest joys. There was always a gap in the
+circle where they stood and they stopped the electric current whenever
+it reached them. I am more anxious that the Eugenic Societies should
+eliminate this kind of child from the future than almost any other type.
+It has chalk and water instead of blood in its veins. It is as cold as
+if it had been made by machinery and then refrigerated, instead of being
+brought into being by a mother's love; and it never has an impulse, but
+just passes through the world mechanically, taking up space that could
+be better occupied by some warm, struggling, erring, aspiring human
+creature.
+
+How can I describe Jacob Lavrowsky? There chanced to be a row of little
+Biblical characters, mostly prophets sitting beside one another about
+half way back in the room:--Moses, Jeremiah, Ezekial, Elijah and Elisha,
+but the greatest of these was Jacob. He was one of ten children, the
+offspring of a couple who kept a secondhand clothing establishment in
+the vicinity. Mr. and Mrs. Lavrowsky collected, mended, patched, sold
+and exchanged cast-off wearing apparel, and the little Lavrowsky's
+played about in the rags, slept under the counters and ate Heaven knows
+where, during the term of my acquaintance with them. Jacob differed from
+all the other of my flock by possessing a premature, thoroughly
+unchildlike sense of humor. He regarded me as one of the most
+unaccountable human beings he had ever met, but he had such respect for
+what he believed to be my good bottom qualities that he constantly tried
+to conceal from me his feeling that I was probably a little insane. He
+had large expressive eyes, a flat nose, wide mouth, thin hair, long neck
+and sallow skin, while his body was so thin and scrawny that his clothes
+always hung upon him in shapeless folds. His age was five and his point
+of view that of fifty. As to his toilettes, there must have been a large
+clothes-bin in the room back of the shop and Jacob must have daily
+dressed himself from this, leaning over the side and plucking from the
+varied assortment such articles as pleased his errant fancy. He had no
+prejudices against bits of feminine attire, often sporting a dark green
+cashmere basque trimmed with black velvet ribbon and gilt buttons. It
+was double breasted and when it surmounted a pair of trousers cut to the
+right length but not altered in width, the effect would have startled
+any more exacting community than ours. Jacob was always tired and went
+through his tasks rather languidly, greatly preferring work to play. All
+diversions such as marching and circle games struck him as pleasant
+enough, but childish, and if participated in at all, to be gone through
+with in an absent-minded and supercillious manner. There were moments
+when his exotic little personality, standing out from all the rest like
+an infant Artful Dodger or a caricature of Beau Brummel, seemed to make
+him wholly alien to the group, yet he was docile and obedient, his only
+fault being a tendency to strong and highly colored language. To make
+the marching more effective and develope a better sense of time, I
+instituted a very simple and rudimentary form of orchestra with a
+triangle, a tambourine, and finally a drum. When the latter instrument
+made its first appearance Jacob sought a secluded spot by the piano and
+gave himself up to a fit of fairly courteous but excessive mirth. "_A
+drum!_" he exclaimed, between his fits of laughter. "_What'll yer have
+next? This is a h--l of a school!_"
+
+Just behind Jacob sat two little pink-cheeked girls five and four years
+old, Violet and Rose Featherstone. Violet brought the younger Rose every
+day and was a miracle of sisterly devotion. I did not see the mother for
+some months after the little pair entered, as she had work that kept
+her from home during the hours when it was possible for me to call upon
+her, and she lived at a long distance from the kindergarten in a
+neighborhood from which none of our other children came.
+
+I had no anxiety about them however, as the looks, behavior, and
+clothing of all my children was always an absolute test of the
+conditions prevailing in the home. What was my surprise then, one day to
+receive a note from a certain Mrs. Hannah Googins, a name not in my
+register.
+
+She said her Emma Abby had been bringing home pieces of sewing and
+weaving of late, marked "Violet Featherstone." She would like to see
+some of Emma Abby's own work and find out whether she had taken that of
+any other child by mistake. A long and puzzling investigation followed
+the receipt of this letter and I found that the romantic little Emma
+Abby Googins, not caring for the name given her by her maternal parent,
+had assumed that of Violet Featherstone. Also, being an only child and
+greatly desiring a sister, she had plucked a certain little Nellie
+Taylor from a family near by, named her "Rose Featherstone" and taken
+her to and from the kindergarten daily, a distance of at least half a
+mile of crowded streets. The affair was purely one of innocent romance.
+Emma Abby Googins never told a fib or committed the slightest fault or
+folly save that of burying her name, assuming a more distinguished one,
+and introducing a sister to me who had no claim to the Googins blood.
+Her mother was thoroughly mystified by the occurrence and I no less so,
+but Emma Abby simply opened her blue eyes wider and protested that she
+"liked to be Violet" and Rose liked to be Rose, and that was the only
+excuse for her conduct, which she seemed to think needed neither apology
+nor explanation.
+
+Now comes the darling of the group, the heart's ease, the nonesuch, the
+Rose of Erin, the lovely, the indescribable Rosaleen Clancy.
+
+We were all working busily and happily one morning when a young woman
+tapped at the door and led in that flower and pearl of babyhood, the
+aforesaid Rosaleen.
+
+The young woman said she knew that the kindergarten was full, and indeed
+had a long waiting list, but the Clancy family had just arrived from
+Ireland; that there were two little boys; a new baby twenty-four hours
+old; Mr. Clancy had not yet found work, and could we take care of
+Rosaleen even for a week or two?
+
+As I looked at the child the remark that we had not a single vacant seat
+perished, unborn, on my lips. She was about three and a half years old,
+and was clad in a straight, loose slip of dark blue wool that showed her
+neck and arms. A little flat, sort of "pork pie" hat of blue velveteen
+sat on the back of her adorable head, showing the satiny rings of yellow
+hair that curled round her ears and hung close to her neck. (No wonder!)
+She had gray-blue eyes with long upper and under lashes and a perfect
+mouth that disclosed the pearly teeth usually confined to the heroines
+of novels. As to her skin you would say that Jersey cream was the
+principal ingredient in its composition.
+
+The children had stopped their weaving needles and were gazing
+open-mouthed at this vision of beauty, though Rosaleen had by no means
+unmasked all her batteries. She came nearer my chair, and without being
+invited, slipped her hand in mine in a blarneyish and deludthering way
+not unknown in her native isle. The same Jersey cream had gone into its
+skin, there were dimples in the knuckles, and baby hand though it was,
+its satin touch had a thrill in it, and responded instantly to my
+pressure.
+
+"Do you think we can make room for her, children?" I asked.
+
+Every small boy cried rapturously: "Look Miss Kate! Here's room! I kin
+scrooge up!" and hoped the Lord would send Rosaleen his way!
+
+"We can't have two children in one seat;" I explained to Rosaleen's
+sponsor, "because they can't have proper building exercises nor work to
+good advantage when they're crowded."
+
+"I kin set on the pianner stool!" gallantly offered Billy Prendergast.
+
+"Perhaps I can borrow a little chair somewhere," I said. "Would you like
+to stay with us Rosaleen?"
+
+Her only answer (she was richer in beautiful looks than in speech) was
+to remove her blue velveteen hat and tranquilly placed it on my table.
+If she was lovely with her hair covered she was still lovelier now;
+while her smile of assent disclosing as it did, an irresistible dimple,
+completed our conquest; so that no one in the room (save Hansanella, who
+went on doggedly with their weaving) would have been parted from the new
+comer save by fire and the sword.
+
+At one o'clock Bobby Green came back from the noon recess dragging a
+high chair. It was his own outgrown property and he had asked our
+Janitor to abbreviate its legs and bring it up stairs.
+
+When Rosaleen sat in it and smiled, a thrill of rapture swept through
+the small community. The girls thrilled as well as the boys, for
+Rosaleen's was not a mere sex appeal but practically a universal one.
+
+There was one flaw in our content. Bobby Green's mother arrived shortly
+after one o'clock in a high state of wrath, and I was obliged to go out
+in the hall and calm her nerves.
+
+"I really think Bobby's impulse was an honest one," I said. "He did not
+know I intended to buy a chair for the new child out of my own salary
+this afternoon. He probably thought that the high chair was his very
+own, reasoning as children do, and it was a gallant, generous act. I
+don't like to have him punished for it, Mrs. Green, and if we both tell
+him he ought to have asked your permission before giving the chair away,
+and if I buy you a new one, won't you agree to drop the matter?--Think
+how manly Bobby was and how generous and thoughtful! If he were mine I
+couldn't help being proud of him. Just peep in and look at the baby who
+is sitting in his chair, a little stranger, just come from Ireland to
+San Francisco."
+
+Mrs. Green peeped in and saw the sun shining on Rosaleen's primrose
+head. She was stringing beads, while Bobby, Pat and Aaron knelt beside
+her, palpitating for a chance to serve.
+
+"She's real cute!" whispered Mrs. Green. "Does Bobby act very often like
+he's doin' now?"
+
+"He's one of the greatest comforts of my life!" I said truly.
+
+"I wish I could say the same!" she retorted. "Well, I came round
+intendin' to give him a good settlin' but he'd had two already this
+week and I guess I'll let it go! We ain't so poverty-struck as some o'
+the folks in this neighborhood and I guess we can make out to spare a
+chair, it's little enough to pay for gettin' rid of Bobby."
+
+Two years that miracle of beauty and sweetness, Rosaleen Clancy stayed
+with us, just as potent an influence as the birds or the flowers, the
+stories I told, or the music I coaxed from the little upright piano. Her
+face was not her only fortune for she had a heart of gold. Ireland did
+indeed have a grievance when Rosaleen left it for America!
+
+This is just a corner of my portrait gallery, which has dozens of other
+types hanging on the walls clamoring to be described. Some were lovely
+and some interestingly ugly; some were like lilies growing out of the
+mud, others had not been quite as able to energize themselves out of
+their environment and bore the sad traces of it ever with them;--still,
+they were all absorbingly interesting beyond my power to paint. Month
+after month they sat together, working, playing, helping, growing--in a
+word learning how to live, and there in the midst of the group was I,
+learning my life lesson with them.
+
+The study and the practice of the kindergarten theory of education and
+of life gave me, while I was still very young, a certain ideal by which
+to live and work, and it has never faded.--Never, whether richer or
+poorer, whether better or worse, in sickness or in health, in prosperity
+or adversity, never wholly to lose my glimpse of that "celestial light"
+that childhood-apparalled "Meadow, grove and stream, the earth and every
+common sight:" and to hold that attitude of mind and heart which gives
+to life even when it is difficult something of "the glory and the
+freshness of a dream!"
+
+[Illustration]
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ADVERTISEMENTS
+
+
+By Kate Douglas Wiggin
+
+
+REBECCA OF SUNNYBROOK FARM. 12mo, $1.25.
+NEW CHRONICLES OF REBECCA. Illustrated by F. C. Yohn. 12mo, $1.25.
+ROSE O' THE RIVER. Ill. in color. 12mo, $1.25.
+THE AFFAIR AT THE INN. Ill. 12mo, $1.25.
+THE DIARY OF A GOOSE GIRL. Illustrated. 12mo, $1.00.
+A CATHEDRAL COURTSHIP AND PENELOPE'S ENGLISH EXPERIENCES. Ill. 16mo,
+  $1.00.
+PENELOPE'S PROGRESS. 16mo, $1.25.
+PENELOPE'S IRISH EXPERIENCES. 16mo, $1.25.
+PENELOPE'S EXPERIENCES. I England; II Scotland; III Ireland; Holiday
+  Edition. With many illustrations by Charles E. Brock. 3 vols., each
+  12mo, $2.00 the set, $6.00.
+A CATHEDRAL COURTSHIP. Holiday Edition, enlarged. Illustrated by
+  C. E. Brock. 12mo, $1.50.
+THE BIRDS' CHRISTMAS CAROL. Illustrated. Square 12mo, 50 cents.
+THE STORY OF PATSY. Illustrated. Square 12mo, 60 cents.
+A SUMMER IN A CANYON. A California Story. Illustrated. 16mo, $1.25.
+TIMOTHY'S QUEST. A Story for Anybody, Young or Old, who cares to read
+  it. 16mo, $1.00. Holiday Edition. Illustrated. Crown 8vo, $1.50.
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+  Library. 60 cents, net; postpaid.
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+MARM LISA, 16mo, $1.00.
+NINE LOVE SONGS, AND A CAROL. Music by Mrs. Wiggin. Words by Herrick,
+  Sill, and others. Square 8vo, $1.25.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+By Mrs. Wiggin and Miss Nora Archibald Smith
+
+
+THE STORY HOUR. A Book for the Home and Kindergarten. Illustrated. 16mo,
+  $1.00.
+CHILDREN'S RIGHTS. A Book of Nursery Logic. 16mo, $1.00.
+THE REPUBLIC OF CHILDHOOD. In three volumes. Each, 16mo, $1.00.
+    I. FROEBEL'S GIFTS.
+   II. FROEBEL'S OCCUPATIONS.
+  III. KINDERGARTEN PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN AND COMPANY
+Boston and New York
+
+
+
+
+
+End of Project Gutenberg's The Girl and the Kingdom, by Kate Douglas Wiggin
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+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
+  <head>
+    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" />
+    <title>
+      The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Girl and the Kingdom, by Kate Douglas Wiggin.
+    </title>
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+<pre>
+
+Project Gutenberg's The Girl and the Kingdom, by Kate Douglas Wiggin
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Girl and the Kingdom
+       Learning to Teach
+
+Author: Kate Douglas Wiggin
+
+Release Date: September 11, 2007 [EBook #22578]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GIRL AND THE KINGDOM ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Martin Pettit and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was
+produced from images generously made available by The
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+</pre>
+
+
+<h1>The Girl and the Kingdom</h1>
+
+
+<h2><i>LEARNING TO TEACH</i></h2>
+
+<h3><i>WRITTEN BY</i></h3>
+
+<h2>KATE DOUGLAS WIGGIN</h2>
+
+<p class="center"><img src="images/illus002-1.jpg" width='400' height='173' alt="logo" /></p>
+
+<p class="center">Presented to the<br />Los Angeles City Teachers Club<br />
+to Create an Educational Fund<br />to Be Used in Part for the<br />
+Literacy Campaign of<br />The California Federation of<br />Women's Clubs</p>
+
+<p class="tbrk">&nbsp;</p>
+
+<p class="center"><i>Cover Designed by</i> Miss Neleta Hain</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+<p class="center"><img src="images/illus004-1.jpg" width='431' height='700' alt="Kate Douglas Wiggin" /></p>
+
+<p class="center"><img src="images/illus004-2.jpg" width='431' height='71' alt="signature" /></p>
+
+<hr />
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[Pg 5]</a></span></p>
+
+<h1>The Girl and the Kingdom</h1>
+
+<hr class="smler" />
+
+<h2><i>LEARNING TO TEACH</i></h2>
+
+<p><img src="images/illus005-1.jpg" alt="A" class="floatl" height="75" width="75" /></p>
+
+<p> long, busy street in San Francisco. Innumerable small shops lined it
+from north to south; horse cars, always crowded with passengers, hurried
+to and fro; narrow streets intersected the broader one, these built up
+with small dwellings, most of them rather neglected by their owners. In
+the middle distance other narrow streets and alleys where taller houses
+stood, and the windows, fire escapes, and balconies of these, added
+great variety to the landscape, as the families housed there kept most
+of their effects on the outside during the long dry season.</p>
+
+<p>Still farther away were the roofs, chimneys and smoke stacks of mammoth
+buildings&mdash;railway sheds, freight depots, power houses and the
+like&mdash;with finally a glimpse of docks and wharves and shipping. This, or
+at least a considerable section of it, was the kingdom. To the ordinary
+beholder it might have looked ugly, crowded, sordid, undesirable, but it
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">[Pg 6]</a></span>appeared none of these things to the lucky person who had been invested
+with some sort of modest authority in its affairs.</p>
+
+<p>The throne from which the lucky person viewed the empire was humble
+enough. It was the highest of the tin shop steps at the corner of Silver
+and Third streets, odd place for a throne, but one commanding a fine
+view of the inhabitants, their dwellings, and their activities. The
+activities in plain sight were somewhat limited in variety, but the
+signs sported the names of nearly every nation upon the earth. The
+Shubeners, Levis, Ezekiels and Appels were generally in tailoring or
+secondhand furniture and clothing, while the Raffertys, O'Flanagans and
+McDougalls dispensed liquor. All the most desirable sites were occupied
+by saloons, for it was practically impossible to quench the thirst of
+the neighborhood, though many were engaged in a valiant effort to do so.
+There were also in evidence, barbers, joiners, plumbers, grocers,
+fruit-sellers, bakers and venders of small wares, and there was the
+largest and most splendidly recruited army of do-nothings that the sun
+ever shone upon. These forever-out-of-workers, leaning against every
+lamp post, fence picket, corner house, and barber pole in the vicinity,
+were all male, but they were mostly mated to women fully worthy of them,
+their wives doing nothing with equal assiduity in the back<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[Pg 7]</a></span> streets hard
+by.&mdash;Stay, they did one thing, they added copiously to the world's
+population; and indeed it seemed as if the families in the community
+that ought to have had few children, or none at all, (for their
+country's good) had the strongest prejudice to race suicide. Well, there
+was the kingdom and there were the dwellers therein, and the lucky
+person on the steps was a girl. She did not know at first that it was a
+kingdom, and the kingdom never at any time would have recognized itself
+under that name, for it was anything but a sentimental neighborhood. The
+girl was somewhat too young for the work she was going to do, and
+considerably too inexperienced, but she had a kindergarten diploma in
+her pocket, and being an ardent follower of Froebel she thought a good
+many roses might blossom in the desert of Tar Flat, the rather
+uneuphonious name of the kingdom.</p>
+
+<p>Here the discreet anonymity of the third person must be cast aside and
+the regrettable egotism of the first person allowed to enter, for I was
+a girl, and the modest chronicle of my early educational and
+philanthropic adventures must be told after the manner of other
+chronicles.</p>
+
+<p>The building in Silver Street which was to be the scene of such
+beautiful and inspiring doings (I hoped) as had been seldom observed on
+this planet, was pleasant<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[Pg 8]</a></span> and commodious. It had been occupied by two
+classes of an overcrowded primary school, which had now been removed to
+a fine modern building. The two rooms rented for this pioneer free
+kindergarten of the Pacific Coast were (Alas!) in the second story but
+were large and sunny. A broad flight of twenty wooden steps led from
+street to first floor and a long stairway connected that floor with the
+one above. If anyone had realized what those fifty or sixty stairs meant
+to the new enterprise, in labor and weariness, in wasted time and
+strength of teachers and children&mdash;but it was difficult to find ideal
+conditions in a crowded neighborhood.</p>
+
+<p>The first few days after my arrival in San Francisco were spent in the
+installing of stove, piano, tables, benches and working materials, and
+then the beautifying began, the creation of a room so attractive and
+homelike, so friendly in its atmosphere, that its charm would be felt by
+every child who entered it. I was a stranger in a strange city, my only
+acquaintances being the trustees of the newly formed Association. These
+naturally had no technical knowledge, (I am speaking of the Dark Ages,
+when there were but two or three trained kindergartners west of the
+Rocky Mountains) and the practical organization of things&mdash;a
+kindergarten of fifty children in active operation&mdash;this was my
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[Pg 9]</a></span>department. When I had anything to show them they were eager and
+willing to help, meantime they could and did furnish the sinews of war,
+standing sponsors to the community for the ideals in education we were
+endeavoring to represent. Here is where the tin shop steps came in. I
+sat there very often in those sunny days of late July, 1878, dreaming
+dreams and seeing visions; plotting, planning, helping, believing,
+forecasting the future. "Hills peeped o'er hills and Alps on Alps."</p>
+
+<p>I take some credit to myself that when there were yet no such things as
+Settlements and Neighborhood Guilds I had an instinct that this was the
+right way to work.</p>
+
+<p>"This school," I thought, "must not be an exotic, a parasite, an alien
+growth, not a flower of beauty transplanted from a conservatory and
+shown under glass; it must have its roots deep in the neighborhood life,
+and there my roots must be also. No teacher, be she ever so gifted, ever
+so consecrated, can sufficiently influence the children under her care
+for only a few hours a day, unless she can gradually persuade the
+parents to be her allies. I must find then the desired fifty children
+under school age (six years in California) and I must somehow keep in
+close relation to the homes from which they come."</p>
+
+<p>How should I get in intimate touch with this strange, puzzling, foreign
+community,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[Pg 10]</a></span> this big clump of poverty-stricken, intemperate, overworked,
+lazy, extravagant, ill-assorted humanity leavened here and there by a
+God-fearing, thrifty, respectable family? There were from time to time
+children of widows who were living frugally and doing their best for
+their families who proved to be the leaven in my rather sorry lump.</p>
+
+<p>Buying and borrowing were my first two aids to fellowship. I bought my
+luncheon at a different bakery every day and my glass of milk at a
+different dairy. At each visit I talked, always casually, of the new
+kindergarten, and gave its date of opening, but never "solicited"
+pupils. I bought pencils, crayons, and mucilage of the local stationers;
+brown paper and soap of the grocers; hammers and tacks of the hardware
+man. I borrowed many things, returned them soon, and thus gave my
+neighbors the satisfaction of being helpful. When I tried to borrow the
+local carpenter's saw he answered that he would rather come and do the
+job himself than lend his saw to a lady. The combination of a lady and
+edged tools was something in his mind so humorous that I nervously
+changed the subject. (If he is still alive I am sure <i>he</i> is an
+Anti-Suffragist!) I was glad to display my school room to an intelligent
+workman, and a half hour's explanation of the kindergarten occupations
+made the carpenter an <span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[Pg 11]</a></span>enthusiastic convert. This gave me a new idea,
+and to each craftsman, in the vicinity, I showed the particular branch
+of kindergarten handiwork that might appeal to him, whether laying of
+patterns, in separate sticks and tablets, weaving, drawing, rudimentary
+efforts at designing, folding and cutting of paper, or clay modelling.</p>
+
+<p>I had the great advantage of making all of my calls in shops, and thus I
+had not the unpleasant duty of visiting people's houses uninvited, nor
+the embarrassment of being treated as peddlers of patronage and good
+advice are apt to be treated. Besides, in many cases, the shops and
+homes (Heaven save the mark!) were under one roof, and children scuttled
+in and out, behind and under the counters and over the thresholds into
+the street. They were all agog with curiosity and so were the women. A
+mother does not have to be highly cultured to perceive the advantage of
+a place near by where she can send her four or five year olds free of
+charge and know that they are busy and happy for several hours a day.</p>
+
+<p>I know, by long experience with younger kindergartners and social
+workers in after years, that this kind of "visiting" presents many
+perplexities to persons of a certain temperament, but I never entered
+any house where I felt the least sensation of being out of place. I
+don't think this flexibility<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[Pg 12]</a></span> is a gift of especially high order, nor
+that it would be equally valuable in all walks of life, but it is of
+great service in this sort of work. Whether I sat in a stuffed chair or
+on a nailkeg or an inverted washtub it was always equally agreeable to
+me. The "getting into relation," perfectly, and without the loss of a
+moment, gave me a sense of mental and spiritual exhilaration. I never
+had to adapt myself elaborately to a strange situation in order to be in
+sympathy. I never said to myself: "But for God's grace I might be the
+woman on that cot; unloved, uncared for, with a new-born child at my
+side and a dozen men drinking in the saloon just on the other side of
+the wall * * * or that mother of five&mdash;convivial, dishonest, unfaithful
+* * * or that timid, frail, little creature struggling to support a
+paralytic husband." I never had to give myself logical reasons for being
+where I was, nor wonder what I should say; my one idea was to keep the
+situation simple and free from embarrassment to any one; to be as
+completely a part of it as if I had been born there; to be helpful
+without being intrusive; to show no surprise whatever happened; above
+all to be cheerful, strong and bracing, not weakly sentimental.</p>
+
+<p>As the day of opening approached an unexpected and valuable aide-de-camp
+appeared on the scene. An American girl of twelve or thirteen slipped in
+the front door<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[Pg 13]</a></span> one day when I was practicing children's songs,
+whereupon the following colloquy ensued.</p>
+
+<p>"What's this place goin' to be?"</p>
+
+<p>"A kindergarten."</p>
+
+<p>"What's that?"</p>
+
+<p>Explanation suited to the questioner, followed.</p>
+
+<p>"Can I come in afternoons, on my way home from school and see what you
+do?"</p>
+
+<p>"Certainly."</p>
+
+<p>"Can I stay now and help round?"</p>
+
+<p>"Yes indeed, I should be delighted."</p>
+
+<p>"What's the bird for?"</p>
+
+<p>"What are all birds for?" I answered, just to puzzle her.</p>
+
+<p>"I dunno. What's the plants and flowers for?"</p>
+
+<p>"What are all flowers for?" I demanded again.</p>
+
+<p>"But I thought 'twas a school."</p>
+
+<p>"It is, but it's a new kind."</p>
+
+<p>"Where's the books?"</p>
+
+<p>"The children are going to be under six; we shan't have reading and
+writing."</p>
+
+<p>We sat down to work together, marking out and cutting brown paper
+envelopes for the children's sewing or weaving, binding colored prints
+with gold paper and putting them on the wall with thumb tacks, and
+arranging all the kindergarten materials tidily on the shelves of the
+closets. Next day was a holiday and she begged to come again. I<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[Pg 14]</a></span>
+consented and told her that she might bring a friend if she liked and we
+would lunch together.</p>
+
+<p>"I guess not," she said, with just a hint of jealousy in her tone. "You
+and I get on so well that mebbe we'd be bothered with another girl
+messin' around, and she'd be one more to wash up for after lunch."</p>
+
+<p>From that moment, the Corporal, as I called her, was a stanch ally and
+there was seldom a day in the coming years when she did not faithfully
+perform all sorts of unofficial duties, attaching herself passionately
+to my service with the devotion of a mother or an elder sister. She
+proved at the beginning a kind of travelling agent for the school
+haranguing mothers on the street corners and addressing the groups of
+curious children who gathered at the foot of the school steps.</p>
+
+<p>"You'd ought to go upstairs and see the <i>inside</i> of it!" she would
+exclaim. "It's just like going around the world. There's a canary bird,
+there's fishes swimmin' in a glass bowl, there's plants bloomin' on the
+winder sills, there's a pianner, and more'n a million pictures! There's
+closets stuffed full o' things to play and work with, and whatever the
+scholars make they're goin' to take home if it's good. There's a
+play-room with red rings painted on the floor and they're going to march
+and play games on 'em. She can play the pianner standin' up<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[Pg 15]</a></span> or settin'
+down, without lookin' at her hands to see where they're goin'. She's
+goin' to wear white, two a week, and I got Miss Lannigan to wash 'em for
+her for fifteen cents apiece. I tell her the children 'round here's
+awful dirty and she says the cleaner she is the cleaner they'll be....
+No, 'tain't goin' to be no Sunday School," said the voluble Corporal.
+"No, 'tain't goin' to be no Mission; no, 'tain't goin' to be no Lodge!
+She says it's a new kind of a school, that's all I know, and next
+Monday'll see it goin' full blast!"</p>
+
+<p>It was somewhat in this fashion, that I walked joyously into the heart
+of a San Francisco slum, and began experimenting with my newly-learned
+panaceas.</p>
+
+<p>These were early days. The kindergarten theory of education was on trial
+for its very life; the fame of Pestalozzi and Froebel seemed to my
+youthful vision to be in my keeping, and I had all the ardor of a
+neophyte. I simply stepped into a cockle-shell and put out into an
+unknown ocean, where all manner of derelicts needed help and succor. The
+ocean was a life of which I had heretofore known nothing; miserable,
+overburdened, and sometimes criminal.</p>
+
+<p>My cockle-shell managed to escape shipwreck, and took its frail place
+among the other craft that sailed in its company. I hardly saw or felt
+the safety of the harbor or the shore for three years, the three years<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[Pg 16]</a></span>
+out of my whole life the most wearying, the most heart-searching, the
+most discouraging, the most inspiring; also, I dare say, the best worth
+living.</p>
+
+<p>"Full blast," the Corporal's own expression, exactly described the
+setting out of the cockle-shell; that is, the eventful Monday morning
+when the doors of the first free kindergarten west of the Rockies threw
+open its doors.</p>
+
+<p>The neighborhood was enthusiastic in presenting its offspring at the
+altar of educational experiment, and we might have enrolled a hundred
+children had there been room. I was to have no assistant and we had
+provided seats only for forty-five, which prohibited a list of more than
+fifty at the outside. A convert to any inspiring idea being anxious to
+immolate herself on the first altar which comes in the path of duty, I
+carefully selected the children best calculated to show to the amazed
+public the regenerating effects of the kindergarten method, and as a
+whole they were unsurpassed specimens of the class we hoped to benefit.</p>
+
+<p>Of the forty who were accepted the first morning, thirty appeared to be
+either indifferent or willing victims, while ten were quite the reverse.
+These screamed if the maternal hand were withdrawn, bawled if their hats
+were taken away, and bellowed if they were asked to sit down. This
+rebellion led<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[Pg 17]</a></span> to their being removed to the hall by their mothers, who
+spanked them vigorously every few minutes and returned them to me each
+time in a more unconquered state, with their lung power quite unimpaired
+and their views of the New Education still vague and distorted. As the
+mothers were uniformly ladies with ruffled hair, snapping eyes, high
+color and short temper, I could not understand the childrens' fear of
+me, a mild young thing "in white"&mdash;as the Corporal would say&mdash;but they
+evidently preferred the ills they knew. When the last mother led in the
+last freshly spanked child and said as she prepared to leave: "Well, I
+suppose they might as well get used to you one time as another, so
+good-day, Miss, and God help you!" I felt that my woes were greater than
+I could bear, for, as the door closed, several infants who had been
+quite calm began to howl in sympathy with their suffering brethren. Then
+the door opened again and the Corporal's bright face appeared in the
+crack.</p>
+
+<p>"Goodness!" she ejaculated, "this ain't the new kind of a school I
+thought 'twas goin' to be!&mdash;Stop your cryin', Jimmy Maxwell, a great big
+boy like you; and Levi Isaacs and Goldine Gump, I wonder you ain't
+ashamed! Do you 'spose Miss Kate can do anything with such a racket? Now
+don't let me hear any more o' your nonsense!&mdash;Miss Kate," she whispered,
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[Pg 18]</a></span>turning to me: "I've got the whole day off for my uncle's funeral, and
+as he ain't buried till three o'clock I thought I'd better run in and
+see how you was gettin' on!"</p>
+
+<p>"You are an angel, Corporal!" I said. "Take all the howlers down into
+the yard and let them play in the sand tables till I call you."</p>
+
+<p>When the queue of weeping babes had been sternly led out by the Corporal
+something like peace descended upon the room but there could be no work
+for the moment because the hands were too dirty. Co&ouml;peration was
+strictly Froebelian so I selected with an eagle eye several assistants
+from the group&mdash;the brightest-eyed, best-tempered, and cleanest. With
+their help I arranged the seats, the older children at the back tables
+and the babies in the front. Classification was difficult as many of
+them did not know their names, their ages, their sexes, nor their
+addresses, but I had succeeded in getting a little order out of chaos by
+the time the Corporal appeared again.</p>
+
+<p>"They've all stopped cryin' but Hazel Golly, and she ran when I wa'n't
+lookin' and got so far I couldn't ketch her; anyway she ain't no loss
+for I live next door to her.&mdash;What'll we do next?"</p>
+
+<p>"Scrub!" I said firmly. "I want to give them some of the easiest work,
+two kinds, but we can't touch the colored cards until all the hands are
+clean.&mdash;Shall we take soap<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[Pg 19]</a></span> and towels and all go down into the yard
+where the sink is, children, and turn up our sleeves and have a nice
+wash?" (Some of the infants had doubtless started from home in a
+tolerable state of cleanliness but all signs had disappeared en route).</p>
+
+<p>The proposition was greeted amiably. "Anything rather than sit still!"
+is the mental attitude of a child under six!</p>
+
+<p>"I told you just how dirty they'd be," murmured the Corporal. "I know
+'em; but I never expected to get this good chance to scrub any of 'em."</p>
+
+<p>"It's only the first day;&mdash;wait till <i>next</i> Monday," I urged.</p>
+
+<p>"I shan't be here to see it <i>next</i> Monday morning," my young friend
+replied. "We can't bury Uncle <i>every</i> week!" (This with a sigh of
+profound regret!)</p>
+
+<p>Many days were spent in learning the unpronounceable names of my flock
+and in keeping them from murdering one another until Froebel's justly
+celebrated "law of love" could be made a working proposition. It was
+some time before the babies could go down stairs in a line without
+precipitating one another head foremost by furtive kicks and punches. I
+placed an especially dependable boy at the head and tail of the line but
+accidentally overheard the tail boy tell the head that he'd lay him out
+flat if he got into the yard first, a threat that embarrassed a free and
+<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[Pg 20]</a></span>expeditious exit:&mdash;and all their relations to one another seemed at
+this time to be arranged on a broad basis of belligerence. But better
+days were coming, were indeed near at hand, and the children themselves
+brought them; they only needed to be shown how, but you may well guess
+that in the early days of what was afterwards to be known as "The
+Kindergarten Movement on the Pacific Coast," when the Girl and her
+Kingdom first came into active communication with each other, the
+question of discipline loomed rather large! Putting aside altogether the
+question of the efficiency, or the propriety, of corporal punishment in
+the public schools, it seems pretty clear that babies of four or five
+years should be spanked by their parents if by anyone; and that a
+teacher who cannot induce good behavior in children of that age, without
+spanking, has mistaken her vocation. However, it is against their
+principles for kindergartner's to spank, slap, flog, shake or otherwise
+wrestle with their youthful charges, no matter how much they seem to
+need these instantaneous and sometimes very effectual methods of
+dissuasion at the moment.</p>
+
+<p>There are undoubtedly times when the old Adam (I don't know why it
+shouldn't be the Old Eve!) rises in one's still unregenerate heart, and
+one longs to take the "low road" in discipline; but the "high<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[Pg 21]</a></span> road"
+commonly leads one to the desired point without great delay and there is
+genuine satisfaction in finding that taking away his work from a child,
+or depriving him of the pleasure of helping his neighbors, is as great a
+punishment as a blow.</p>
+
+<p>You may say such ideal methods would not prevail with older boys and
+girls, and that may be true, for wrong development may have gone too
+far; but it is difficult to find a small child who is lazy or
+indifferent, or one who would welcome the loss of work; difficult also
+to find one who is not unhappy when deprived of the chance of service,
+seeing, as he does, his neighbors happily working together and joyfully
+helping others.</p>
+
+<p>I had many Waterloos in my term of generalship and many a time was I a
+feeble enough officer of "The Kid's Guards" as the kindergarten was
+translated in Tar Flat by those unfamiliar with the German word.</p>
+
+<p>The flock was at the foot of the stairs one morning at eleven o'clock
+when there was a loud and long fire alarm in the immediate vicinity. No
+doubt existed in the mind of any child as to the propriety or
+advisability of remaining at the seat of learning. They started down the
+steps for the fire in a solid body, with such unanimity and rapidity
+that I could do nothing but save the lives of the younger ones and keep
+them from being trampled upon while<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[Pg 22]</a></span> I watched the flight of their
+elders. I was left with two lame boys and four babies so fat and
+bow-legged that they probably never had reached, nor ever would reach, a
+fire while it was still burning.</p>
+
+<p>Pat Higgins, aged five and a half, the leader of the line, had a sudden
+pang of conscience at the corner and ran back to ask me artlessly if he
+might "go to the fire."</p>
+
+<p>"Certainly not," I answered firmly. "On the contrary please stay here
+with the lame and the fat, while <i>I</i> go to the fire and bring back the
+other children."</p>
+
+<p>I then pursued the errant flock and recovering most of them, marched
+them back to the school-room, meeting Judge Solomon Heydenfelt,
+President of the new Kindergarten Association, on the steps. He had been
+awaiting me for ten minutes and it was his first visit! He had never
+seen a kindergarten before, either returning from a fire or otherwise,
+and there was a moment of embarrassment, but I had a sense of humor and
+fortunately he enjoyed the same blessing. Only very young teachers who
+await the visits of supervisors in shuddering expectancy can appreciate
+this episode.</p>
+
+<p>The days grew brighter and more hopeful as winter approached. I got into
+closer relation with some homes than others, and I soon had half a dozen
+five-year-olds who came to the kindergarten clean, and if not<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[Pg 23]</a></span> whole,
+well darned and patched. One of these could superintend a row of babies
+at their outline sewing, thread their needles, untangle their
+everlasting knots, and correct the mistakes in the design by the jabbing
+of wrong holes in the card. Another was very skillful at weaving and
+proved a good assistant in that occupation.</p>
+
+<p>I developed also a little body guard which was efficient in making a
+serener and more harmonious atmosphere. It is neither wise nor kind to
+burden a child with responsibilities too heavy or irksome for his years,
+but surely it is never too early to allow him to be helpful to his
+fellows and considerate of his elders. I can't believe that any of the
+tiny creatures on whom I leaned in those weary days were the worse for
+my leaning. The more I depended on them the greater was their
+dependableness, and the little girls grew more tender, the boys more
+chivalrous. I had my subtle means of communication, spirit to spirit! If
+Pat Higgins, pausing on the verge of some regrettable audacity or
+hilarious piece of mischief, chanced to catch my eye, he desisted. He
+knew that I was saying to him silently: "You are not so very naughty. I
+could almost let you go on if it were not for those others who are
+always making trouble. Somebody <i>must</i> be good! I cannot bear it if you
+desert me!"</p>
+
+<p>Whenever I said "Pat" or "Aaron" or<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[Pg 24]</a></span> "Billy" in a pleading tone it meant
+"Help! or I perish!" and it was so construed. No, I was never left
+without succor when I was in need of it! I remember so well an afternoon
+in late October when the world had gone very wrong! There had been a
+disagreeable argument with Mrs. Gump, who had sent Goldine to mingle
+with the children when she knew she had chicken pox; Stanislas
+Strazinski had fallen down stairs and bruised his knee; Mercedes Pulaski
+had upset a vase of flowers on the piano keys and finally Petronius
+Nelson had stolen a red woolen ball. I had seen it in his hand and taken
+it from him sadly and quietly as he was going down the stairs. I
+suggested a few minutes for repentance in the play-room and when he came
+out he sat at my knee and sobbed out his grief in pitiful fashion. His
+tears moved my very heart. "Only four years old," I thought, "and no
+playthings at home half as attractive as the bright ones we have here,
+so I must be very gentle with him." I put my arm around him to draw him
+to me and the gesture brought me in contact with his curiously knobby,
+little chest. What were my feelings when I extracted from his sailor
+blouse one orange, one blue, and two green balls! And this after ten
+minutes of repentant tears! I pointed the moral as quickly as possible
+so that I might be alone, and then realizing the apparent <span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[Pg 25]</a></span>hopelessness
+of some of the tasks that confronted me I gave way to a moment of
+hysterical laughter, followed by such a flood of tears as I had not shed
+since I was a child. It was then and there the Corporal found me, on her
+way home from school. She flung her books on the floor and took my head
+on her kind, scrawny, young shoulder.</p>
+
+<p>"What have they been doin' to you?" she stormed. "You just tell me which
+one of 'em 'tis and I'll see't he remembers this day as long as he
+lives. Your hair's all mussed up and you look sick abed!"</p>
+
+<p>She led me to the sofa where we put tired babies to sleep, and covered
+me with my coat. Then she stole out and came back with a pitcher of hot,
+<i>well-boiled</i> tea, after which she tidied the room and made everything
+right for next day. Dear Old Corporal!</p>
+
+<p>The improvement in these "little teachers" in capacity as well as in
+manner, voice, speech and behavior, was almost supernatural, and it was
+only less obvious in the rank and file. There was little "scrubbing"
+done on the premises now, for nearly all the mothers who were not
+invalids, intemperate, or incurable slatterns, were heartily in sympathy
+with our ideals. At the end of six weeks when various members of the
+Board of Trustees began to drop in for their second visit they were
+almost frightened by our attractive appearance.</p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">[Pg 26]</a></span></p><p>"The subscribers will think the children come from Nob Hill," one of
+them exclaimed in humorous alarm. "Are you <i>sure</i> you took the most
+needy in every way?"</p>
+
+<p>"Quite sure. Sit down in my chair, please, and look at my private book.
+Do you see in the first place that thirteen are the children of small
+liquor sellers and live back of the saloons? Then note that ten are the
+children of widows who support large families by washing, cleaning,
+machine sewing or shop-keeping. You will see that one mother and three
+fathers on our list are temporarily in jail serving short terms. We may
+never have quite such a picturesque class again, and perhaps it would
+not be advisable; I wish sometimes that I had taken humanity as it ran,
+good, bad and indifferent, instead of choosing children from the most
+discouraging homes. I thought, of course, that they were going to be
+little villains. They ought to be, if there is anything either in
+heredity or environment, but just look at them at this moment&mdash;a
+favorable moment, I grant you&mdash;but just look at them! Forty
+pretty-near-angels, that's what they are!"</p>
+
+<p>"It is marvellous! I could adopt twenty of them! I cannot account for
+it," said another of the Trustees.</p>
+
+<p>"I can," I answered. "Any tolerably healthy child under six who is
+clean, busy, happy and in good company looks as these<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">[Pg 27]</a></span> do. Why should
+they not be attractive? They live for four hours a day in this sunny,
+airy room; they do charming work suited to their baby capacities&mdash;work,
+too, which is not all pure routine, but in a simple way creative, so
+that they are not only occupied, but they are expressing themselves as
+creative beings should. They have music, stories and games, and although
+they are obliged to behave themselves (which is sometimes a trifle
+irksome) they never hear an unkind word. They grow in grace, partly
+because they return as many of these favors as is possible at their age.
+They water the plants, clean the bird's cage and fill the seed cups and
+bath; they keep the room as tidy as possible to make the janitor's work
+easier; they brush up the floor after their own muddy feet; the older
+ones help the younger and the strong look after the weak. The conditions
+are almost ideal; why should they not respond to them?"</p>
+
+<p>California children are apt to be good specimens. They suffer no
+extremes of heat or cold; food is varied and fruit plentiful and cheap;
+they are out of doors every month in the year and they are more than
+ordinarily clever and lively. Still I refuse to believe that any other
+company of children in California, or in the universe, was ever so
+unusual or so piquantly interesting as those of the Silver Street
+Kindergarten, particularly the never-to-be-forgotten "first forty."</p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">[Pg 28]</a></span></p><p>As I look back across the lapse of time I cannot understand how any
+creature, however young, strong or ardent, could have supported the
+fatigue and strain of that first year! No one was to blame, for the
+experiment met with appreciation almost immediately, but I was
+attempting the impossible, and trying to perform the labor of three
+women. I soon learned to work more skillfully, but I habitually
+squandered my powers and lavished on trivial details strength that
+should have been spent more thriftily. The difficulties of each day
+could be surmounted only by quick wit, ingenuity, versatility; by the
+sternest exercise of self-control and by a continual outpour of
+magnetism. My enthusiasm made me reckless, but though I regret that I
+worked in entire disregard of all laws of health, I do not regret a
+single hour of exhaustion, discouragement or despair. All my pains were
+just so many birth-pangs, leaving behind them a little more knowledge of
+human nature, a little wider vision, a little clearer insight, a little
+deeper sympathy.</p>
+
+<p>There were more than a thousand visitors during the first year, a
+circumstance that greatly increased the nervous strain of teaching; for
+I had to train myself, as well as the children to as absolute a state of
+unconsciousness as possible. I always jauntily described the visitors as
+"fathers and mothers," and told the children that there<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_29" id="Page_29">[Pg 29]</a></span> would soon be
+other schools like ours, and people just wanted to see how we sang, and
+played circle games, and modelled in clay, and learned arithmetic with
+building blocks and all the rest of it. I paid practically no attention
+to the visitors myself and they ordinarily were clever enough to
+understand the difficulties of the situation. Among the earliest in the
+late autumn of 1878 were Prof. John Swett and Mrs. Kincaid of the San
+Francisco Normal School who thereafter sent down their students, two at
+a time, for observation and practical aid. The next important visitor in
+the spring of 1879 was Mrs. Sarah B. Cooper. She possessed the
+"understanding heart" and also great executive ability, so that with the
+help of her large Bible class she was able to open a second free
+Kindergarten on Jackson Street in October, 1879. Soon after this date
+the desert began to blossom as the rose. I went to the Eastern cities
+during my summer vacation and learned by observation and instruction all
+that I could from my older and wiser contemporaries Miss Susan Blow of
+St. Louis, Dr. Hailman of LaPorte, Mrs. Putnam of Chicago and Miss
+Elizabeth Peabody and Miss Garland of Boston. Returning I opened my own
+Kindergarten Training School and my sister Miss Nora Archibald Smith
+joined me both in the theoretical and practical spreading of the gospel.</p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">[Pg 30]</a></span></p><p>Thirty-seven years have passed, but if I were a portrait painter I
+could reproduce on canvas every nose, eye, smile, hand, curl of hair, in
+that group. I often close my eyes to call up the picture, and almost
+every child falls into his old seat and answers to his right name. Here
+are a few sketches of those in the front row:</p>
+
+<p>Willy Beer, dubbed Wriggly Beer by the older boys in his street, because
+of a slight nervous affection that kept him in a state of perpetual
+motion. He was not uncomely; indeed, when I was telling a story it was a
+pleasure to watch his face all twitching with interest; first nose, then
+eyes, then mouth, till the delight spread to his fat hands, which
+clasped and unclasped as the tale proceeded. He had a perfect sense of
+time and tunes and was indefatigable in the marching and games. His
+mother sent me this unique letter when he had been with me a month:</p>
+
+<blockquote><p>"<i>Yung lady</i>:</p>
+
+<p>"<i>Willy seems to be onto his foot most of the time. These is all
+the butes Willy will half to Krissmus. Can you learn him settin'
+down?</i></p>
+
+<p class="right"><i>Respeckfully, </i>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<br />
+"<i>Mrs. Beer.</i>"</p></blockquote>
+
+<p>Sitting next to Willy, and rhyming with him, was Billy&mdash;Billy
+Prendergast&mdash;a large boy for his years with the face and voice of a man
+of thirty.</p>
+
+<p>Billy Prendergast taught me a very good<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">[Pg 31]</a></span> lesson in pedagogy when I was
+making believe teach him other things!</p>
+
+<p>One of our simple morning songs ended with the verse:</p>
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<div>"All ye little children, hear the truth we tell.</div>
+<div>God will ne'er forget you, for he loves you well."</div>
+</div></div>
+
+<p>One day in the gentle lull that succeeded the singing of that song,
+Billy's growling baritone fell on my ear:</p>
+
+<p>"Why will he never get yer?" he asked, his strange rough voice bringing
+complete silence, as it always did.</p>
+
+<p>"What do you mean, Billy?"</p>
+
+<p>"That's what it says: 'God will never get yer, for he loves you well."</p>
+
+<p>Consternation overcame me. Billy, and goodness knows how many others,
+had been beginning the day with the puzzling theological statement: "God
+will never get yer (ne'er forget you) for he loves you well."</p>
+
+<p>I chose my verses more carefully, after that experience, avoiding all
+e'ers and ne'ers and other misleading abbreviations.</p>
+
+<p>Hansanella Dorflinger now claims attention.</p>
+
+<p>Hansanella sounds like one word but they were twins, and thus introduced
+to me by a large incoherent boy who brought them to the kindergarten. He
+was in a hurry and left them at my door with scant ceremony, save the
+frequent repetition of the watchword "Hansanella."</p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[Pg 32]</a></span></p><p>After some difficulty I succeeded in deciding which was Hans and which
+was Ella, though there was practically no difference between them
+excepting that the ash blonde hair of Hans was cropped still more
+closely than that of Ella.</p>
+
+<p>They had light blue glassy eyes, too far apart, thin lips, chalky skins
+and perennial colds in the head. They breathed together, smiled and wept
+together, rose and sat down together and wiped their noses
+together&mdash;none too frequently. Never were such 'twinneous' twins as
+Hansanella, and it was ridiculous to waste two names on them, for there
+was not between them personality enough for one child.</p>
+
+<p>When I requested Ella to be a pony it immediately became a span, for she
+never moved without Hans. If the children chose Hans for the
+father-bird, Ella intrusively and suffragistically fluttered into the
+nest, too, sadly complicating the family arrangements. They seldom
+spoke, but sat stolidly beside each other, laying the same patterns with
+dogged pertinacity.</p>
+
+<p>One morning a new little boy joined our company. As was often the case
+he was shy about sitting down. It would seem as if the spectacle of
+forty children working tranquilly together, would convince new
+applicants that the benches contained no dynamite, but they always
+parted with their dilapidated hats as if they never, in the<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[Pg 33]</a></span> nature of
+things, could hope to see them again, and the very contact of their
+persons with the benches evoked an uncontrollable wail, which seemed to
+say: "It is all up with us now! Let the portcullis fall!"</p>
+
+<p>The new boy's eye fell on Hansanella and he suddenly smiled broadly.</p>
+
+<p>"Sit mit Owgoost!" he said.</p>
+
+<p>"We haven't any 'August'," I responded, "that is Hans Dorflinger."</p>
+
+<p>"Sit mit Owgoost," he repeated thickly and firmly.</p>
+
+<p>"Is this boy a friend of yours, Hans?" I inquired, and the twins nodded
+blandly.</p>
+
+<p>"Is your other name August, Hans?"</p>
+
+<p>This apparently was too complicated a question for the combined mental
+activities of the pair, and they lapsed comfortably into their ordinary
+state of coma.</p>
+
+<p>The Corporal finally found the boy who originally foisted upon our
+Paradise these two dullest human beings that ever drew breath. He
+explained that I had entirely misunderstood his remarks. He said that he
+heard I had accepted Hansanella Dorflinger, but they had moved with
+their parents to Oakland; and as they could not come, he thought it well
+to give the coveted places to August and Anna Olsen, whose mother worked
+in a box-factory and would be glad to have the children looked after.</p>
+
+<p>"What's the matter mit 'em?" he asked anxiously. "Ain't dey goot?"</p>
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_34" id="Page_34">[Pg 34]</a></span></p><p>"Oh, yes they are good," I replied, adding mysteriously. "If two
+children named August and Anna allow you to call them Hansanella for
+five weeks without comment, it isn't likely that they would be very
+fertile in evil doing!"</p>
+
+<p>I had a full year's experience with the false Hansanella and in that
+time they blighted our supremest joys. There was always a gap in the
+circle where they stood and they stopped the electric current whenever
+it reached them. I am more anxious that the Eugenic Societies should
+eliminate this kind of child from the future than almost any other type.
+It has chalk and water instead of blood in its veins. It is as cold as
+if it had been made by machinery and then refrigerated, instead of being
+brought into being by a mother's love; and it never has an impulse, but
+just passes through the world mechanically, taking up space that could
+be better occupied by some warm, struggling, erring, aspiring human
+creature.</p>
+
+<p>How can I describe Jacob Lavrowsky? There chanced to be a row of little
+Biblical characters, mostly prophets sitting beside one another about
+half way back in the room:&mdash;Moses, Jeremiah, Ezekial, Elijah and Elisha,
+but the greatest of these was Jacob. He was one of ten children, the
+offspring of a couple who kept a secondhand clothing establishment in
+the vicinity.<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_35" id="Page_35">[Pg 35]</a></span> Mr. and Mrs. Lavrowsky collected, mended, patched, sold
+and exchanged cast-off wearing apparel, and the little Lavrowsky's
+played about in the rags, slept under the counters and ate Heaven knows
+where, during the term of my acquaintance with them. Jacob differed from
+all the other of my flock by possessing a premature, thoroughly
+unchildlike sense of humor. He regarded me as one of the most
+unaccountable human beings he had ever met, but he had such respect for
+what he believed to be my good bottom qualities that he constantly tried
+to conceal from me his feeling that I was probably a little insane. He
+had large expressive eyes, a flat nose, wide mouth, thin hair, long neck
+and sallow skin, while his body was so thin and scrawny that his clothes
+always hung upon him in shapeless folds. His age was five and his point
+of view that of fifty. As to his toilettes, there must have been a large
+clothes-bin in the room back of the shop and Jacob must have daily
+dressed himself from this, leaning over the side and plucking from the
+varied assortment such articles as pleased his errant fancy. He had no
+prejudices against bits of feminine attire, often sporting a dark green
+cashmere basque trimmed with black velvet ribbon and gilt buttons. It
+was double breasted and when it surmounted a pair of trousers cut to the
+right length but not altered in width, the effect<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_36" id="Page_36">[Pg 36]</a></span> would have startled
+any more exacting community than ours. Jacob was always tired and went
+through his tasks rather languidly, greatly preferring work to play. All
+diversions such as marching and circle games struck him as pleasant
+enough, but childish, and if participated in at all, to be gone through
+with in an absent-minded and supercillious manner. There were moments
+when his exotic little personality, standing out from all the rest like
+an infant Artful Dodger or a caricature of Beau Brummel, seemed to make
+him wholly alien to the group, yet he was docile and obedient, his only
+fault being a tendency to strong and highly colored language. To make
+the marching more effective and develope a better sense of time, I
+instituted a very simple and rudimentary form of orchestra with a
+triangle, a tambourine, and finally a drum. When the latter instrument
+made its first appearance Jacob sought a secluded spot by the piano and
+gave himself up to a fit of fairly courteous but excessive mirth. "<i>A
+drum!</i>" he exclaimed, between his fits of laughter. "<i>What'll yer have
+next? This is a h&mdash;l of a school!</i>"</p>
+
+<p>Just behind Jacob sat two little pink-cheeked girls five and four years
+old, Violet and Rose Featherstone. Violet brought the younger Rose every
+day and was a miracle of sisterly devotion. I did not see the mother for
+some months after the little pair<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_37" id="Page_37">[Pg 37]</a></span> entered, as she had work that kept
+her from home during the hours when it was possible for me to call upon
+her, and she lived at a long distance from the kindergarten in a
+neighborhood from which none of our other children came.</p>
+
+<p>I had no anxiety about them however, as the looks, behavior, and
+clothing of all my children was always an absolute test of the
+conditions prevailing in the home. What was my surprise then, one day to
+receive a note from a certain Mrs. Hannah Googins, a name not in my
+register.</p>
+
+<p>She said her Emma Abby had been bringing home pieces of sewing and
+weaving of late, marked "Violet Featherstone." She would like to see
+some of Emma Abby's own work and find out whether she had taken that of
+any other child by mistake. A long and puzzling investigation followed
+the receipt of this letter and I found that the romantic little Emma
+Abby Googins, not caring for the name given her by her maternal parent,
+had assumed that of Violet Featherstone. Also, being an only child and
+greatly desiring a sister, she had plucked a certain little Nellie
+Taylor from a family near by, named her "Rose Featherstone" and taken
+her to and from the kindergarten daily, a distance of at least half a
+mile of crowded streets. The affair was purely one of innocent romance.
+Emma Abby Googins never told a fib or committed the<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_38" id="Page_38">[Pg 38]</a></span> slightest fault or
+folly save that of burying her name, assuming a more distinguished one,
+and introducing a sister to me who had no claim to the Googins blood.
+Her mother was thoroughly mystified by the occurrence and I no less so,
+but Emma Abby simply opened her blue eyes wider and protested that she
+"liked to be Violet" and Rose liked to be Rose, and that was the only
+excuse for her conduct, which she seemed to think needed neither apology
+nor explanation.</p>
+
+<p>Now comes the darling of the group, the heart's ease, the nonesuch, the
+Rose of Erin, the lovely, the indescribable Rosaleen Clancy.</p>
+
+<p>We were all working busily and happily one morning when a young woman
+tapped at the door and led in that flower and pearl of babyhood, the
+aforesaid Rosaleen.</p>
+
+<p>The young woman said she knew that the kindergarten was full, and indeed
+had a long waiting list, but the Clancy family had just arrived from
+Ireland; that there were two little boys; a new baby twenty-four hours
+old; Mr. Clancy had not yet found work, and could we take care of
+Rosaleen even for a week or two?</p>
+
+<p>As I looked at the child the remark that we had not a single vacant seat
+perished, unborn, on my lips. She was about three and a half years old,
+and was clad in a straight, loose slip of dark blue wool that showed her
+neck and arms. A little flat,<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_39" id="Page_39">[Pg 39]</a></span> sort of "pork pie" hat of blue velveteen
+sat on the back of her adorable head, showing the satiny rings of yellow
+hair that curled round her ears and hung close to her neck. (No wonder!)
+She had gray-blue eyes with long upper and under lashes and a perfect
+mouth that disclosed the pearly teeth usually confined to the heroines
+of novels. As to her skin you would say that Jersey cream was the
+principal ingredient in its composition.</p>
+
+<p>The children had stopped their weaving needles and were gazing
+open-mouthed at this vision of beauty, though Rosaleen had by no means
+unmasked all her batteries. She came nearer my chair, and without being
+invited, slipped her hand in mine in a blarneyish and deludthering way
+not unknown in her native isle. The same Jersey cream had gone into its
+skin, there were dimples in the knuckles, and baby hand though it was,
+its satin touch had a thrill in it, and responded instantly to my
+pressure.</p>
+
+<p>"Do you think we can make room for her, children?" I asked.</p>
+
+<p>Every small boy cried rapturously: "Look Miss Kate! Here's room! I kin
+scrooge up!" and hoped the Lord would send Rosaleen his way!</p>
+
+<p>"We can't have two children in one seat;" I explained to Rosaleen's
+sponsor, "because they can't have proper building exercises<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_40" id="Page_40">[Pg 40]</a></span> nor work to
+good advantage when they're crowded."</p>
+
+<p>"I kin set on the pianner stool!" gallantly offered Billy Prendergast.</p>
+
+<p>"Perhaps I can borrow a little chair somewhere," I said. "Would you like
+to stay with us Rosaleen?"</p>
+
+<p>Her only answer (she was richer in beautiful looks than in speech) was
+to remove her blue velveteen hat and tranquilly placed it on my table.
+If she was lovely with her hair covered she was still lovelier now;
+while her smile of assent disclosing as it did, an irresistible dimple,
+completed our conquest; so that no one in the room (save Hansanella, who
+went on doggedly with their weaving) would have been parted from the new
+comer save by fire and the sword.</p>
+
+<p>At one o'clock Bobby Green came back from the noon recess dragging a
+high chair. It was his own outgrown property and he had asked our
+Janitor to abbreviate its legs and bring it up stairs.</p>
+
+<p>When Rosaleen sat in it and smiled, a thrill of rapture swept through
+the small community. The girls thrilled as well as the boys, for
+Rosaleen's was not a mere sex appeal but practically a universal one.</p>
+
+<p>There was one flaw in our content. Bobby Green's mother arrived shortly
+after one o'clock in a high state of wrath, and I was<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_41" id="Page_41">[Pg 41]</a></span> obliged to go out
+in the hall and calm her nerves.</p>
+
+<p>"I really think Bobby's impulse was an honest one," I said. "He did not
+know I intended to buy a chair for the new child out of my own salary
+this afternoon. He probably thought that the high chair was his very
+own, reasoning as children do, and it was a gallant, generous act. I
+don't like to have him punished for it, Mrs. Green, and if we both tell
+him he ought to have asked your permission before giving the chair away,
+and if I buy you a new one, won't you agree to drop the matter?&mdash;Think
+how manly Bobby was and how generous and thoughtful! If he were mine I
+couldn't help being proud of him. Just peep in and look at the baby who
+is sitting in his chair, a little stranger, just come from Ireland to
+San Francisco."</p>
+
+<p>Mrs. Green peeped in and saw the sun shining on Rosaleen's primrose
+head. She was stringing beads, while Bobby, Pat and Aaron knelt beside
+her, palpitating for a chance to serve.</p>
+
+<p>"She's real cute!" whispered Mrs. Green. "Does Bobby act very often like
+he's doin' now?"</p>
+
+<p>"He's one of the greatest comforts of my life!" I said truly.</p>
+
+<p>"I wish I could say the same!" she retorted. "Well, I came round
+intendin' to give him a good settlin' but he'd had two<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_42" id="Page_42">[Pg 42]</a></span> already this
+week and I guess I'll let it go! We ain't so poverty-struck as some o'
+the folks in this neighborhood and I guess we can make out to spare a
+chair, it's little enough to pay for gettin' rid of Bobby."</p>
+
+<p>Two years that miracle of beauty and sweetness, Rosaleen Clancy stayed
+with us, just as potent an influence as the birds or the flowers, the
+stories I told, or the music I coaxed from the little upright piano. Her
+face was not her only fortune for she had a heart of gold. Ireland did
+indeed have a grievance when Rosaleen left it for America!</p>
+
+<p>This is just a corner of my portrait gallery, which has dozens of other
+types hanging on the walls clamoring to be described. Some were lovely
+and some interestingly ugly; some were like lilies growing out of the
+mud, others had not been quite as able to energize themselves out of
+their environment and bore the sad traces of it ever with them;&mdash;still,
+they were all absorbingly interesting beyond my power to paint. Month
+after month they sat together, working, playing, helping, growing&mdash;in a
+word learning how to live, and there in the midst of the group was I,
+learning my life lesson with them.</p>
+
+<p>The study and the practice of the kindergarten theory of education and
+of life gave me, while I was still very young, a certain ideal by which
+to live and work, and<span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_43" id="Page_43">[Pg 43]</a></span> it has never faded.&mdash;Never, whether richer or
+poorer, whether better or worse, in sickness or in health, in prosperity
+or adversity, never wholly to lose my glimpse of that "celestial light"
+that childhood-apparalled "Meadow, grove and stream, the earth and every
+common sight:" and to hold that attitude of mind and heart which gives
+to life even when it is difficult something of "the glory and the
+freshness of a dream!"</p>
+
+<p class="tbrk">&nbsp;</p>
+
+<p class="center"><img src="images/illus043-1.jpg" width='76' height='150' alt="logo" /></p>
+
+<p class="tbrk">&nbsp;</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+<p><span class='pagenum'><a name="Page_44" id="Page_44">[Pg 44]</a></span></p>
+
+<h2>By Kate Douglas Wiggin</h2>
+
+<hr class="smler" />
+
+<p>REBECCA OF SUNNYBROOK FARM. 12mo, $1.25.<br />
+NEW CHRONICLES OF REBECCA. Illustrated by F. C. Yohn. 12mo, $1.25.<br />
+ROSE O' THE RIVER. Ill. in color. 12mo, $1.25.<br />
+THE AFFAIR AT THE INN. Ill. 12mo, $1.25.<br />
+THE DIARY OF A GOOSE GIRL. Illustrated. 12mo, $1.00.<br />
+A CATHEDRAL COURTSHIP AND PENELOPE'S ENGLISH EXPERIENCES. Ill. 16mo, $1.00.<br />
+PENELOPE'S PROGRESS. 16mo, $1.25.<br />
+PENELOPE'S IRISH EXPERIENCES. 16mo, $1.25.<br />
+PENELOPE'S EXPERIENCES. I England; II Scotland; III Ireland; Holiday Edition. With many illustrations by Charles E. Brock. 3 vols., each 12mo, $2.00 the set, $6.00.<br />
+A CATHEDRAL COURTSHIP. Holiday Edition, enlarged. Illustrated by C. E. Brock. 12mo, $1.50.<br />
+THE BIRDS' CHRISTMAS CAROL. Illustrated. Square 12mo, 50 cents.<br />
+THE STORY OF PATSY. Illustrated. Square 12mo, 60 cents.<br />
+A SUMMER IN A CANYON. A California Story. Illustrated. 16mo, $1.25.<br />
+TIMOTHY'S QUEST. A Story for Anybody, Young or Old, who cares to read it. 16mo, $1.00. Holiday Edition. Illustrated. Crown 8vo, $1.50.<br />
+POLLY OLIVER'S PROBLEM. Illustrated. 16mo, $1.00. In Riverside School Library. 60 cents, net; postpaid.<br />
+THE VILLAGE WATCH-TOWER. 16mo, $1.00<br />
+MARM LISA, 16mo, $1.00.<br />
+NINE LOVE SONGS, AND A CAROL. Music by Mrs. Wiggin. Words by Herrick, Sill, and others. Square 8vo, $1.25.</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+<h2>By Mrs. Wiggin and<br />Miss Nora Archibald Smith</h2>
+
+<hr class="smler" />
+
+<p>THE STORY HOUR. A Book for the Home and Kindergarten. Illustrated. 16mo, $1.00.<br />
+CHILDREN'S RIGHTS. A Book of Nursery Logic. 16mo, $1.00.<br />
+THE REPUBLIC OF CHILDHOOD. In three volumes. Each, 16mo, $1.00.<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">I. FROEBEL'S GIFTS.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1.5em;">II. FROEBEL'S OCCUPATIONS.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">III. KINDERGARTEN PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE.</span></p>
+
+<p class="center">HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN AND COMPANY<br />
+Boston and New York</p>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<pre>
+
+
+
+
+
+End of Project Gutenberg's The Girl and the Kingdom, by Kate Douglas Wiggin
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+</body>
+</html>
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@@ -0,0 +1,1388 @@
+Project Gutenberg's The Girl and the Kingdom, by Kate Douglas Wiggin
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Girl and the Kingdom
+       Learning to Teach
+
+Author: Kate Douglas Wiggin
+
+Release Date: September 11, 2007 [EBook #22578]
+
+Language: English
+
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+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE GIRL AND THE KINGDOM ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Martin Pettit and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was
+produced from images generously made available by The
+Internet Archive/American Libraries.)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+The Girl and the Kingdom
+
+_LEARNING TO TEACH_
+
+_WRITTEN BY_
+
+KATE DOUGLAS WIGGIN
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Presented to the Los Angeles City Teachers Club to Create an Educational
+Fund to Be Used in Part for the Literacy Campaign of The California
+Federation of Women's Clubs
+
+_Cover Designed by_ Miss Neleta Hain
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+[Illustration: Kate Douglas Wiggin]
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+
+
+The Girl and the Kingdom
+
+
+_LEARNING TO TEACH_
+
+
+A long, busy street in San Francisco. Innumerable small shops lined it
+from north to south; horse cars, always crowded with passengers, hurried
+to and fro; narrow streets intersected the broader one, these built up
+with small dwellings, most of them rather neglected by their owners. In
+the middle distance other narrow streets and alleys where taller houses
+stood, and the windows, fire escapes, and balconies of these, added
+great variety to the landscape, as the families housed there kept most
+of their effects on the outside during the long dry season.
+
+Still farther away were the roofs, chimneys and smoke stacks of mammoth
+buildings--railway sheds, freight depots, power houses and the
+like--with finally a glimpse of docks and wharves and shipping. This, or
+at least a considerable section of it, was the kingdom. To the ordinary
+beholder it might have looked ugly, crowded, sordid, undesirable, but it
+appeared none of these things to the lucky person who had been invested
+with some sort of modest authority in its affairs.
+
+The throne from which the lucky person viewed the empire was humble
+enough. It was the highest of the tin shop steps at the corner of Silver
+and Third streets, odd place for a throne, but one commanding a fine
+view of the inhabitants, their dwellings, and their activities. The
+activities in plain sight were somewhat limited in variety, but the
+signs sported the names of nearly every nation upon the earth. The
+Shubeners, Levis, Ezekiels and Appels were generally in tailoring or
+secondhand furniture and clothing, while the Raffertys, O'Flanagans and
+McDougalls dispensed liquor. All the most desirable sites were occupied
+by saloons, for it was practically impossible to quench the thirst of
+the neighborhood, though many were engaged in a valiant effort to do so.
+There were also in evidence, barbers, joiners, plumbers, grocers,
+fruit-sellers, bakers and venders of small wares, and there was the
+largest and most splendidly recruited army of do-nothings that the sun
+ever shone upon. These forever-out-of-workers, leaning against every
+lamp post, fence picket, corner house, and barber pole in the vicinity,
+were all male, but they were mostly mated to women fully worthy of them,
+their wives doing nothing with equal assiduity in the back streets hard
+by.--Stay, they did one thing, they added copiously to the world's
+population; and indeed it seemed as if the families in the community
+that ought to have had few children, or none at all, (for their
+country's good) had the strongest prejudice to race suicide. Well, there
+was the kingdom and there were the dwellers therein, and the lucky
+person on the steps was a girl. She did not know at first that it was a
+kingdom, and the kingdom never at any time would have recognized itself
+under that name, for it was anything but a sentimental neighborhood. The
+girl was somewhat too young for the work she was going to do, and
+considerably too inexperienced, but she had a kindergarten diploma in
+her pocket, and being an ardent follower of Froebel she thought a good
+many roses might blossom in the desert of Tar Flat, the rather
+uneuphonious name of the kingdom.
+
+Here the discreet anonymity of the third person must be cast aside and
+the regrettable egotism of the first person allowed to enter, for I was
+a girl, and the modest chronicle of my early educational and
+philanthropic adventures must be told after the manner of other
+chronicles.
+
+The building in Silver Street which was to be the scene of such
+beautiful and inspiring doings (I hoped) as had been seldom observed on
+this planet, was pleasant and commodious. It had been occupied by two
+classes of an overcrowded primary school, which had now been removed to
+a fine modern building. The two rooms rented for this pioneer free
+kindergarten of the Pacific Coast were (Alas!) in the second story but
+were large and sunny. A broad flight of twenty wooden steps led from
+street to first floor and a long stairway connected that floor with the
+one above. If anyone had realized what those fifty or sixty stairs meant
+to the new enterprise, in labor and weariness, in wasted time and
+strength of teachers and children--but it was difficult to find ideal
+conditions in a crowded neighborhood.
+
+The first few days after my arrival in San Francisco were spent in the
+installing of stove, piano, tables, benches and working materials, and
+then the beautifying began, the creation of a room so attractive and
+homelike, so friendly in its atmosphere, that its charm would be felt by
+every child who entered it. I was a stranger in a strange city, my only
+acquaintances being the trustees of the newly formed Association. These
+naturally had no technical knowledge, (I am speaking of the Dark Ages,
+when there were but two or three trained kindergartners west of the
+Rocky Mountains) and the practical organization of things--a
+kindergarten of fifty children in active operation--this was my
+department. When I had anything to show them they were eager and
+willing to help, meantime they could and did furnish the sinews of war,
+standing sponsors to the community for the ideals in education we were
+endeavoring to represent. Here is where the tin shop steps came in. I
+sat there very often in those sunny days of late July, 1878, dreaming
+dreams and seeing visions; plotting, planning, helping, believing,
+forecasting the future. "Hills peeped o'er hills and Alps on Alps."
+
+I take some credit to myself that when there were yet no such things as
+Settlements and Neighborhood Guilds I had an instinct that this was the
+right way to work.
+
+"This school," I thought, "must not be an exotic, a parasite, an alien
+growth, not a flower of beauty transplanted from a conservatory and
+shown under glass; it must have its roots deep in the neighborhood life,
+and there my roots must be also. No teacher, be she ever so gifted, ever
+so consecrated, can sufficiently influence the children under her care
+for only a few hours a day, unless she can gradually persuade the
+parents to be her allies. I must find then the desired fifty children
+under school age (six years in California) and I must somehow keep in
+close relation to the homes from which they come."
+
+How should I get in intimate touch with this strange, puzzling, foreign
+community, this big clump of poverty-stricken, intemperate, overworked,
+lazy, extravagant, ill-assorted humanity leavened here and there by a
+God-fearing, thrifty, respectable family? There were from time to time
+children of widows who were living frugally and doing their best for
+their families who proved to be the leaven in my rather sorry lump.
+
+Buying and borrowing were my first two aids to fellowship. I bought my
+luncheon at a different bakery every day and my glass of milk at a
+different dairy. At each visit I talked, always casually, of the new
+kindergarten, and gave its date of opening, but never "solicited"
+pupils. I bought pencils, crayons, and mucilage of the local stationers;
+brown paper and soap of the grocers; hammers and tacks of the hardware
+man. I borrowed many things, returned them soon, and thus gave my
+neighbors the satisfaction of being helpful. When I tried to borrow the
+local carpenter's saw he answered that he would rather come and do the
+job himself than lend his saw to a lady. The combination of a lady and
+edged tools was something in his mind so humorous that I nervously
+changed the subject. (If he is still alive I am sure _he_ is an
+Anti-Suffragist!) I was glad to display my school room to an intelligent
+workman, and a half hour's explanation of the kindergarten occupations
+made the carpenter an enthusiastic convert. This gave me a new idea,
+and to each craftsman, in the vicinity, I showed the particular branch
+of kindergarten handiwork that might appeal to him, whether laying of
+patterns, in separate sticks and tablets, weaving, drawing, rudimentary
+efforts at designing, folding and cutting of paper, or clay modelling.
+
+I had the great advantage of making all of my calls in shops, and thus I
+had not the unpleasant duty of visiting people's houses uninvited, nor
+the embarrassment of being treated as peddlers of patronage and good
+advice are apt to be treated. Besides, in many cases, the shops and
+homes (Heaven save the mark!) were under one roof, and children scuttled
+in and out, behind and under the counters and over the thresholds into
+the street. They were all agog with curiosity and so were the women. A
+mother does not have to be highly cultured to perceive the advantage of
+a place near by where she can send her four or five year olds free of
+charge and know that they are busy and happy for several hours a day.
+
+I know, by long experience with younger kindergartners and social
+workers in after years, that this kind of "visiting" presents many
+perplexities to persons of a certain temperament, but I never entered
+any house where I felt the least sensation of being out of place. I
+don't think this flexibility is a gift of especially high order, nor
+that it would be equally valuable in all walks of life, but it is of
+great service in this sort of work. Whether I sat in a stuffed chair or
+on a nailkeg or an inverted washtub it was always equally agreeable to
+me. The "getting into relation," perfectly, and without the loss of a
+moment, gave me a sense of mental and spiritual exhilaration. I never
+had to adapt myself elaborately to a strange situation in order to be in
+sympathy. I never said to myself: "But for God's grace I might be the
+woman on that cot; unloved, uncared for, with a new-born child at my
+side and a dozen men drinking in the saloon just on the other side of
+the wall * * * or that mother of five--convivial, dishonest, unfaithful
+* * * or that timid, frail, little creature struggling to support a
+paralytic husband." I never had to give myself logical reasons for being
+where I was, nor wonder what I should say; my one idea was to keep the
+situation simple and free from embarrassment to any one; to be as
+completely a part of it as if I had been born there; to be helpful
+without being intrusive; to show no surprise whatever happened; above
+all to be cheerful, strong and bracing, not weakly sentimental.
+
+As the day of opening approached an unexpected and valuable aide-de-camp
+appeared on the scene. An American girl of twelve or thirteen slipped in
+the front door one day when I was practicing children's songs,
+whereupon the following colloquy ensued.
+
+"What's this place goin' to be?"
+
+"A kindergarten."
+
+"What's that?"
+
+Explanation suited to the questioner, followed.
+
+"Can I come in afternoons, on my way home from school and see what you
+do?"
+
+"Certainly."
+
+"Can I stay now and help round?"
+
+"Yes indeed, I should be delighted."
+
+"What's the bird for?"
+
+"What are all birds for?" I answered, just to puzzle her.
+
+"I dunno. What's the plants and flowers for?"
+
+"What are all flowers for?" I demanded again.
+
+"But I thought 'twas a school."
+
+"It is, but it's a new kind."
+
+"Where's the books?"
+
+"The children are going to be under six; we shan't have reading and
+writing."
+
+We sat down to work together, marking out and cutting brown paper
+envelopes for the children's sewing or weaving, binding colored prints
+with gold paper and putting them on the wall with thumb tacks, and
+arranging all the kindergarten materials tidily on the shelves of the
+closets. Next day was a holiday and she begged to come again. I
+consented and told her that she might bring a friend if she liked and we
+would lunch together.
+
+"I guess not," she said, with just a hint of jealousy in her tone. "You
+and I get on so well that mebbe we'd be bothered with another girl
+messin' around, and she'd be one more to wash up for after lunch."
+
+From that moment, the Corporal, as I called her, was a stanch ally and
+there was seldom a day in the coming years when she did not faithfully
+perform all sorts of unofficial duties, attaching herself passionately
+to my service with the devotion of a mother or an elder sister. She
+proved at the beginning a kind of travelling agent for the school
+haranguing mothers on the street corners and addressing the groups of
+curious children who gathered at the foot of the school steps.
+
+"You'd ought to go upstairs and see the _inside_ of it!" she would
+exclaim. "It's just like going around the world. There's a canary bird,
+there's fishes swimmin' in a glass bowl, there's plants bloomin' on the
+winder sills, there's a pianner, and more'n a million pictures! There's
+closets stuffed full o' things to play and work with, and whatever the
+scholars make they're goin' to take home if it's good. There's a
+play-room with red rings painted on the floor and they're going to march
+and play games on 'em. She can play the pianner standin' up or settin'
+down, without lookin' at her hands to see where they're goin'. She's
+goin' to wear white, two a week, and I got Miss Lannigan to wash 'em for
+her for fifteen cents apiece. I tell her the children 'round here's
+awful dirty and she says the cleaner she is the cleaner they'll be....
+No, 'tain't goin' to be no Sunday School," said the voluble Corporal.
+"No, 'tain't goin' to be no Mission; no, 'tain't goin' to be no Lodge!
+She says it's a new kind of a school, that's all I know, and next
+Monday'll see it goin' full blast!"
+
+It was somewhat in this fashion, that I walked joyously into the heart
+of a San Francisco slum, and began experimenting with my newly-learned
+panaceas.
+
+These were early days. The kindergarten theory of education was on trial
+for its very life; the fame of Pestalozzi and Froebel seemed to my
+youthful vision to be in my keeping, and I had all the ardor of a
+neophyte. I simply stepped into a cockle-shell and put out into an
+unknown ocean, where all manner of derelicts needed help and succor. The
+ocean was a life of which I had heretofore known nothing; miserable,
+overburdened, and sometimes criminal.
+
+My cockle-shell managed to escape shipwreck, and took its frail place
+among the other craft that sailed in its company. I hardly saw or felt
+the safety of the harbor or the shore for three years, the three years
+out of my whole life the most wearying, the most heart-searching, the
+most discouraging, the most inspiring; also, I dare say, the best worth
+living.
+
+"Full blast," the Corporal's own expression, exactly described the
+setting out of the cockle-shell; that is, the eventful Monday morning
+when the doors of the first free kindergarten west of the Rockies threw
+open its doors.
+
+The neighborhood was enthusiastic in presenting its offspring at the
+altar of educational experiment, and we might have enrolled a hundred
+children had there been room. I was to have no assistant and we had
+provided seats only for forty-five, which prohibited a list of more than
+fifty at the outside. A convert to any inspiring idea being anxious to
+immolate herself on the first altar which comes in the path of duty, I
+carefully selected the children best calculated to show to the amazed
+public the regenerating effects of the kindergarten method, and as a
+whole they were unsurpassed specimens of the class we hoped to benefit.
+
+Of the forty who were accepted the first morning, thirty appeared to be
+either indifferent or willing victims, while ten were quite the reverse.
+These screamed if the maternal hand were withdrawn, bawled if their hats
+were taken away, and bellowed if they were asked to sit down. This
+rebellion led to their being removed to the hall by their mothers, who
+spanked them vigorously every few minutes and returned them to me each
+time in a more unconquered state, with their lung power quite unimpaired
+and their views of the New Education still vague and distorted. As the
+mothers were uniformly ladies with ruffled hair, snapping eyes, high
+color and short temper, I could not understand the childrens' fear of
+me, a mild young thing "in white"--as the Corporal would say--but they
+evidently preferred the ills they knew. When the last mother led in the
+last freshly spanked child and said as she prepared to leave: "Well, I
+suppose they might as well get used to you one time as another, so
+good-day, Miss, and God help you!" I felt that my woes were greater than
+I could bear, for, as the door closed, several infants who had been
+quite calm began to howl in sympathy with their suffering brethren. Then
+the door opened again and the Corporal's bright face appeared in the
+crack.
+
+"Goodness!" she ejaculated, "this ain't the new kind of a school I
+thought 'twas goin' to be!--Stop your cryin', Jimmy Maxwell, a great big
+boy like you; and Levi Isaacs and Goldine Gump, I wonder you ain't
+ashamed! Do you 'spose Miss Kate can do anything with such a racket? Now
+don't let me hear any more o' your nonsense!--Miss Kate," she whispered,
+turning to me: "I've got the whole day off for my uncle's funeral, and
+as he ain't buried till three o'clock I thought I'd better run in and
+see how you was gettin' on!"
+
+"You are an angel, Corporal!" I said. "Take all the howlers down into
+the yard and let them play in the sand tables till I call you."
+
+When the queue of weeping babes had been sternly led out by the Corporal
+something like peace descended upon the room but there could be no work
+for the moment because the hands were too dirty. Cooeperation was
+strictly Froebelian so I selected with an eagle eye several assistants
+from the group--the brightest-eyed, best-tempered, and cleanest. With
+their help I arranged the seats, the older children at the back tables
+and the babies in the front. Classification was difficult as many of
+them did not know their names, their ages, their sexes, nor their
+addresses, but I had succeeded in getting a little order out of chaos by
+the time the Corporal appeared again.
+
+"They've all stopped cryin' but Hazel Golly, and she ran when I wa'n't
+lookin' and got so far I couldn't ketch her; anyway she ain't no loss
+for I live next door to her.--What'll we do next?"
+
+"Scrub!" I said firmly. "I want to give them some of the easiest work,
+two kinds, but we can't touch the colored cards until all the hands are
+clean.--Shall we take soap and towels and all go down into the yard
+where the sink is, children, and turn up our sleeves and have a nice
+wash?" (Some of the infants had doubtless started from home in a
+tolerable state of cleanliness but all signs had disappeared en route).
+
+The proposition was greeted amiably. "Anything rather than sit still!"
+is the mental attitude of a child under six!
+
+"I told you just how dirty they'd be," murmured the Corporal. "I know
+'em; but I never expected to get this good chance to scrub any of 'em."
+
+"It's only the first day;--wait till _next_ Monday," I urged.
+
+"I shan't be here to see it _next_ Monday morning," my young friend
+replied. "We can't bury Uncle _every_ week!" (This with a sigh of
+profound regret!)
+
+Many days were spent in learning the unpronounceable names of my flock
+and in keeping them from murdering one another until Froebel's justly
+celebrated "law of love" could be made a working proposition. It was
+some time before the babies could go down stairs in a line without
+precipitating one another head foremost by furtive kicks and punches. I
+placed an especially dependable boy at the head and tail of the line but
+accidentally overheard the tail boy tell the head that he'd lay him out
+flat if he got into the yard first, a threat that embarrassed a free and
+expeditious exit:--and all their relations to one another seemed at
+this time to be arranged on a broad basis of belligerence. But better
+days were coming, were indeed near at hand, and the children themselves
+brought them; they only needed to be shown how, but you may well guess
+that in the early days of what was afterwards to be known as "The
+Kindergarten Movement on the Pacific Coast," when the Girl and her
+Kingdom first came into active communication with each other, the
+question of discipline loomed rather large! Putting aside altogether the
+question of the efficiency, or the propriety, of corporal punishment in
+the public schools, it seems pretty clear that babies of four or five
+years should be spanked by their parents if by anyone; and that a
+teacher who cannot induce good behavior in children of that age, without
+spanking, has mistaken her vocation. However, it is against their
+principles for kindergartner's to spank, slap, flog, shake or otherwise
+wrestle with their youthful charges, no matter how much they seem to
+need these instantaneous and sometimes very effectual methods of
+dissuasion at the moment.
+
+There are undoubtedly times when the old Adam (I don't know why it
+shouldn't be the Old Eve!) rises in one's still unregenerate heart, and
+one longs to take the "low road" in discipline; but the "high road"
+commonly leads one to the desired point without great delay and there is
+genuine satisfaction in finding that taking away his work from a child,
+or depriving him of the pleasure of helping his neighbors, is as great a
+punishment as a blow.
+
+You may say such ideal methods would not prevail with older boys and
+girls, and that may be true, for wrong development may have gone too
+far; but it is difficult to find a small child who is lazy or
+indifferent, or one who would welcome the loss of work; difficult also
+to find one who is not unhappy when deprived of the chance of service,
+seeing, as he does, his neighbors happily working together and joyfully
+helping others.
+
+I had many Waterloos in my term of generalship and many a time was I a
+feeble enough officer of "The Kid's Guards" as the kindergarten was
+translated in Tar Flat by those unfamiliar with the German word.
+
+The flock was at the foot of the stairs one morning at eleven o'clock
+when there was a loud and long fire alarm in the immediate vicinity. No
+doubt existed in the mind of any child as to the propriety or
+advisability of remaining at the seat of learning. They started down the
+steps for the fire in a solid body, with such unanimity and rapidity
+that I could do nothing but save the lives of the younger ones and keep
+them from being trampled upon while I watched the flight of their
+elders. I was left with two lame boys and four babies so fat and
+bow-legged that they probably never had reached, nor ever would reach, a
+fire while it was still burning.
+
+Pat Higgins, aged five and a half, the leader of the line, had a sudden
+pang of conscience at the corner and ran back to ask me artlessly if he
+might "go to the fire."
+
+"Certainly not," I answered firmly. "On the contrary please stay here
+with the lame and the fat, while _I_ go to the fire and bring back the
+other children."
+
+I then pursued the errant flock and recovering most of them, marched
+them back to the school-room, meeting Judge Solomon Heydenfelt,
+President of the new Kindergarten Association, on the steps. He had been
+awaiting me for ten minutes and it was his first visit! He had never
+seen a kindergarten before, either returning from a fire or otherwise,
+and there was a moment of embarrassment, but I had a sense of humor and
+fortunately he enjoyed the same blessing. Only very young teachers who
+await the visits of supervisors in shuddering expectancy can appreciate
+this episode.
+
+The days grew brighter and more hopeful as winter approached. I got into
+closer relation with some homes than others, and I soon had half a dozen
+five-year-olds who came to the kindergarten clean, and if not whole,
+well darned and patched. One of these could superintend a row of babies
+at their outline sewing, thread their needles, untangle their
+everlasting knots, and correct the mistakes in the design by the jabbing
+of wrong holes in the card. Another was very skillful at weaving and
+proved a good assistant in that occupation.
+
+I developed also a little body guard which was efficient in making a
+serener and more harmonious atmosphere. It is neither wise nor kind to
+burden a child with responsibilities too heavy or irksome for his years,
+but surely it is never too early to allow him to be helpful to his
+fellows and considerate of his elders. I can't believe that any of the
+tiny creatures on whom I leaned in those weary days were the worse for
+my leaning. The more I depended on them the greater was their
+dependableness, and the little girls grew more tender, the boys more
+chivalrous. I had my subtle means of communication, spirit to spirit! If
+Pat Higgins, pausing on the verge of some regrettable audacity or
+hilarious piece of mischief, chanced to catch my eye, he desisted. He
+knew that I was saying to him silently: "You are not so very naughty. I
+could almost let you go on if it were not for those others who are
+always making trouble. Somebody _must_ be good! I cannot bear it if you
+desert me!"
+
+Whenever I said "Pat" or "Aaron" or "Billy" in a pleading tone it meant
+"Help! or I perish!" and it was so construed. No, I was never left
+without succor when I was in need of it! I remember so well an afternoon
+in late October when the world had gone very wrong! There had been a
+disagreeable argument with Mrs. Gump, who had sent Goldine to mingle
+with the children when she knew she had chicken pox; Stanislas
+Strazinski had fallen down stairs and bruised his knee; Mercedes Pulaski
+had upset a vase of flowers on the piano keys and finally Petronius
+Nelson had stolen a red woolen ball. I had seen it in his hand and taken
+it from him sadly and quietly as he was going down the stairs. I
+suggested a few minutes for repentance in the play-room and when he came
+out he sat at my knee and sobbed out his grief in pitiful fashion. His
+tears moved my very heart. "Only four years old," I thought, "and no
+playthings at home half as attractive as the bright ones we have here,
+so I must be very gentle with him." I put my arm around him to draw him
+to me and the gesture brought me in contact with his curiously knobby,
+little chest. What were my feelings when I extracted from his sailor
+blouse one orange, one blue, and two green balls! And this after ten
+minutes of repentant tears! I pointed the moral as quickly as possible
+so that I might be alone, and then realizing the apparent hopelessness
+of some of the tasks that confronted me I gave way to a moment of
+hysterical laughter, followed by such a flood of tears as I had not shed
+since I was a child. It was then and there the Corporal found me, on her
+way home from school. She flung her books on the floor and took my head
+on her kind, scrawny, young shoulder.
+
+"What have they been doin' to you?" she stormed. "You just tell me which
+one of 'em 'tis and I'll see't he remembers this day as long as he
+lives. Your hair's all mussed up and you look sick abed!"
+
+She led me to the sofa where we put tired babies to sleep, and covered
+me with my coat. Then she stole out and came back with a pitcher of hot,
+_well-boiled_ tea, after which she tidied the room and made everything
+right for next day. Dear Old Corporal!
+
+The improvement in these "little teachers" in capacity as well as in
+manner, voice, speech and behavior, was almost supernatural, and it was
+only less obvious in the rank and file. There was little "scrubbing"
+done on the premises now, for nearly all the mothers who were not
+invalids, intemperate, or incurable slatterns, were heartily in sympathy
+with our ideals. At the end of six weeks when various members of the
+Board of Trustees began to drop in for their second visit they were
+almost frightened by our attractive appearance.
+
+"The subscribers will think the children come from Nob Hill," one of
+them exclaimed in humorous alarm. "Are you _sure_ you took the most
+needy in every way?"
+
+"Quite sure. Sit down in my chair, please, and look at my private book.
+Do you see in the first place that thirteen are the children of small
+liquor sellers and live back of the saloons? Then note that ten are the
+children of widows who support large families by washing, cleaning,
+machine sewing or shop-keeping. You will see that one mother and three
+fathers on our list are temporarily in jail serving short terms. We may
+never have quite such a picturesque class again, and perhaps it would
+not be advisable; I wish sometimes that I had taken humanity as it ran,
+good, bad and indifferent, instead of choosing children from the most
+discouraging homes. I thought, of course, that they were going to be
+little villains. They ought to be, if there is anything either in
+heredity or environment, but just look at them at this moment--a
+favorable moment, I grant you--but just look at them! Forty
+pretty-near-angels, that's what they are!"
+
+"It is marvellous! I could adopt twenty of them! I cannot account for
+it," said another of the Trustees.
+
+"I can," I answered. "Any tolerably healthy child under six who is
+clean, busy, happy and in good company looks as these do. Why should
+they not be attractive? They live for four hours a day in this sunny,
+airy room; they do charming work suited to their baby capacities--work,
+too, which is not all pure routine, but in a simple way creative, so
+that they are not only occupied, but they are expressing themselves as
+creative beings should. They have music, stories and games, and although
+they are obliged to behave themselves (which is sometimes a trifle
+irksome) they never hear an unkind word. They grow in grace, partly
+because they return as many of these favors as is possible at their age.
+They water the plants, clean the bird's cage and fill the seed cups and
+bath; they keep the room as tidy as possible to make the janitor's work
+easier; they brush up the floor after their own muddy feet; the older
+ones help the younger and the strong look after the weak. The conditions
+are almost ideal; why should they not respond to them?"
+
+California children are apt to be good specimens. They suffer no
+extremes of heat or cold; food is varied and fruit plentiful and cheap;
+they are out of doors every month in the year and they are more than
+ordinarily clever and lively. Still I refuse to believe that any other
+company of children in California, or in the universe, was ever so
+unusual or so piquantly interesting as those of the Silver Street
+Kindergarten, particularly the never-to-be-forgotten "first forty."
+
+As I look back across the lapse of time I cannot understand how any
+creature, however young, strong or ardent, could have supported the
+fatigue and strain of that first year! No one was to blame, for the
+experiment met with appreciation almost immediately, but I was
+attempting the impossible, and trying to perform the labor of three
+women. I soon learned to work more skillfully, but I habitually
+squandered my powers and lavished on trivial details strength that
+should have been spent more thriftily. The difficulties of each day
+could be surmounted only by quick wit, ingenuity, versatility; by the
+sternest exercise of self-control and by a continual outpour of
+magnetism. My enthusiasm made me reckless, but though I regret that I
+worked in entire disregard of all laws of health, I do not regret a
+single hour of exhaustion, discouragement or despair. All my pains were
+just so many birth-pangs, leaving behind them a little more knowledge of
+human nature, a little wider vision, a little clearer insight, a little
+deeper sympathy.
+
+There were more than a thousand visitors during the first year, a
+circumstance that greatly increased the nervous strain of teaching; for
+I had to train myself, as well as the children to as absolute a state of
+unconsciousness as possible. I always jauntily described the visitors as
+"fathers and mothers," and told the children that there would soon be
+other schools like ours, and people just wanted to see how we sang, and
+played circle games, and modelled in clay, and learned arithmetic with
+building blocks and all the rest of it. I paid practically no attention
+to the visitors myself and they ordinarily were clever enough to
+understand the difficulties of the situation. Among the earliest in the
+late autumn of 1878 were Prof. John Swett and Mrs. Kincaid of the San
+Francisco Normal School who thereafter sent down their students, two at
+a time, for observation and practical aid. The next important visitor in
+the spring of 1879 was Mrs. Sarah B. Cooper. She possessed the
+"understanding heart" and also great executive ability, so that with the
+help of her large Bible class she was able to open a second free
+Kindergarten on Jackson Street in October, 1879. Soon after this date
+the desert began to blossom as the rose. I went to the Eastern cities
+during my summer vacation and learned by observation and instruction all
+that I could from my older and wiser contemporaries Miss Susan Blow of
+St. Louis, Dr. Hailman of LaPorte, Mrs. Putnam of Chicago and Miss
+Elizabeth Peabody and Miss Garland of Boston. Returning I opened my own
+Kindergarten Training School and my sister Miss Nora Archibald Smith
+joined me both in the theoretical and practical spreading of the gospel.
+
+Thirty-seven years have passed, but if I were a portrait painter I
+could reproduce on canvas every nose, eye, smile, hand, curl of hair, in
+that group. I often close my eyes to call up the picture, and almost
+every child falls into his old seat and answers to his right name. Here
+are a few sketches of those in the front row:
+
+Willy Beer, dubbed Wriggly Beer by the older boys in his street, because
+of a slight nervous affection that kept him in a state of perpetual
+motion. He was not uncomely; indeed, when I was telling a story it was a
+pleasure to watch his face all twitching with interest; first nose, then
+eyes, then mouth, till the delight spread to his fat hands, which
+clasped and unclasped as the tale proceeded. He had a perfect sense of
+time and tunes and was indefatigable in the marching and games. His
+mother sent me this unique letter when he had been with me a month:
+
+
+     "_Yung lady_:
+
+     "_Willy seems to be onto his foot most of the time. These is all
+     the butes Willy will half to Krissmus. Can you learn him settin'
+     down?_
+                                      _Respeckfully,_
+                                             "_Mrs. Beer._"
+
+
+Sitting next to Willy, and rhyming with him, was Billy--Billy
+Prendergast--a large boy for his years with the face and voice of a man
+of thirty.
+
+Billy Prendergast taught me a very good lesson in pedagogy when I was
+making believe teach him other things!
+
+One of our simple morning songs ended with the verse:
+
+
+     "All ye little children, hear the truth we tell.
+     God will ne'er forget you, for he loves you well."
+
+
+One day in the gentle lull that succeeded the singing of that song,
+Billy's growling baritone fell on my ear:
+
+"Why will he never get yer?" he asked, his strange rough voice bringing
+complete silence, as it always did.
+
+"What do you mean, Billy?"
+
+"That's what it says: 'God will never get yer, for he loves you well."
+
+Consternation overcame me. Billy, and goodness knows how many others,
+had been beginning the day with the puzzling theological statement: "God
+will never get yer (ne'er forget you) for he loves you well."
+
+I chose my verses more carefully, after that experience, avoiding all
+e'ers and ne'ers and other misleading abbreviations.
+
+Hansanella Dorflinger now claims attention.
+
+Hansanella sounds like one word but they were twins, and thus introduced
+to me by a large incoherent boy who brought them to the kindergarten. He
+was in a hurry and left them at my door with scant ceremony, save the
+frequent repetition of the watchword "Hansanella."
+
+After some difficulty I succeeded in deciding which was Hans and which
+was Ella, though there was practically no difference between them
+excepting that the ash blonde hair of Hans was cropped still more
+closely than that of Ella.
+
+They had light blue glassy eyes, too far apart, thin lips, chalky skins
+and perennial colds in the head. They breathed together, smiled and wept
+together, rose and sat down together and wiped their noses
+together--none too frequently. Never were such 'twinneous' twins as
+Hansanella, and it was ridiculous to waste two names on them, for there
+was not between them personality enough for one child.
+
+When I requested Ella to be a pony it immediately became a span, for she
+never moved without Hans. If the children chose Hans for the
+father-bird, Ella intrusively and suffragistically fluttered into the
+nest, too, sadly complicating the family arrangements. They seldom
+spoke, but sat stolidly beside each other, laying the same patterns with
+dogged pertinacity.
+
+One morning a new little boy joined our company. As was often the case
+he was shy about sitting down. It would seem as if the spectacle of
+forty children working tranquilly together, would convince new
+applicants that the benches contained no dynamite, but they always
+parted with their dilapidated hats as if they never, in the nature of
+things, could hope to see them again, and the very contact of their
+persons with the benches evoked an uncontrollable wail, which seemed to
+say: "It is all up with us now! Let the portcullis fall!"
+
+The new boy's eye fell on Hansanella and he suddenly smiled broadly.
+
+"Sit mit Owgoost!" he said.
+
+"We haven't any 'August'," I responded, "that is Hans Dorflinger."
+
+"Sit mit Owgoost," he repeated thickly and firmly.
+
+"Is this boy a friend of yours, Hans?" I inquired, and the twins nodded
+blandly.
+
+"Is your other name August, Hans?"
+
+This apparently was too complicated a question for the combined mental
+activities of the pair, and they lapsed comfortably into their ordinary
+state of coma.
+
+The Corporal finally found the boy who originally foisted upon our
+Paradise these two dullest human beings that ever drew breath. He
+explained that I had entirely misunderstood his remarks. He said that he
+heard I had accepted Hansanella Dorflinger, but they had moved with
+their parents to Oakland; and as they could not come, he thought it well
+to give the coveted places to August and Anna Olsen, whose mother worked
+in a box-factory and would be glad to have the children looked after.
+
+"What's the matter mit 'em?" he asked anxiously. "Ain't dey goot?"
+
+"Oh, yes they are good," I replied, adding mysteriously. "If two
+children named August and Anna allow you to call them Hansanella for
+five weeks without comment, it isn't likely that they would be very
+fertile in evil doing!"
+
+I had a full year's experience with the false Hansanella and in that
+time they blighted our supremest joys. There was always a gap in the
+circle where they stood and they stopped the electric current whenever
+it reached them. I am more anxious that the Eugenic Societies should
+eliminate this kind of child from the future than almost any other type.
+It has chalk and water instead of blood in its veins. It is as cold as
+if it had been made by machinery and then refrigerated, instead of being
+brought into being by a mother's love; and it never has an impulse, but
+just passes through the world mechanically, taking up space that could
+be better occupied by some warm, struggling, erring, aspiring human
+creature.
+
+How can I describe Jacob Lavrowsky? There chanced to be a row of little
+Biblical characters, mostly prophets sitting beside one another about
+half way back in the room:--Moses, Jeremiah, Ezekial, Elijah and Elisha,
+but the greatest of these was Jacob. He was one of ten children, the
+offspring of a couple who kept a secondhand clothing establishment in
+the vicinity. Mr. and Mrs. Lavrowsky collected, mended, patched, sold
+and exchanged cast-off wearing apparel, and the little Lavrowsky's
+played about in the rags, slept under the counters and ate Heaven knows
+where, during the term of my acquaintance with them. Jacob differed from
+all the other of my flock by possessing a premature, thoroughly
+unchildlike sense of humor. He regarded me as one of the most
+unaccountable human beings he had ever met, but he had such respect for
+what he believed to be my good bottom qualities that he constantly tried
+to conceal from me his feeling that I was probably a little insane. He
+had large expressive eyes, a flat nose, wide mouth, thin hair, long neck
+and sallow skin, while his body was so thin and scrawny that his clothes
+always hung upon him in shapeless folds. His age was five and his point
+of view that of fifty. As to his toilettes, there must have been a large
+clothes-bin in the room back of the shop and Jacob must have daily
+dressed himself from this, leaning over the side and plucking from the
+varied assortment such articles as pleased his errant fancy. He had no
+prejudices against bits of feminine attire, often sporting a dark green
+cashmere basque trimmed with black velvet ribbon and gilt buttons. It
+was double breasted and when it surmounted a pair of trousers cut to the
+right length but not altered in width, the effect would have startled
+any more exacting community than ours. Jacob was always tired and went
+through his tasks rather languidly, greatly preferring work to play. All
+diversions such as marching and circle games struck him as pleasant
+enough, but childish, and if participated in at all, to be gone through
+with in an absent-minded and supercillious manner. There were moments
+when his exotic little personality, standing out from all the rest like
+an infant Artful Dodger or a caricature of Beau Brummel, seemed to make
+him wholly alien to the group, yet he was docile and obedient, his only
+fault being a tendency to strong and highly colored language. To make
+the marching more effective and develope a better sense of time, I
+instituted a very simple and rudimentary form of orchestra with a
+triangle, a tambourine, and finally a drum. When the latter instrument
+made its first appearance Jacob sought a secluded spot by the piano and
+gave himself up to a fit of fairly courteous but excessive mirth. "_A
+drum!_" he exclaimed, between his fits of laughter. "_What'll yer have
+next? This is a h--l of a school!_"
+
+Just behind Jacob sat two little pink-cheeked girls five and four years
+old, Violet and Rose Featherstone. Violet brought the younger Rose every
+day and was a miracle of sisterly devotion. I did not see the mother for
+some months after the little pair entered, as she had work that kept
+her from home during the hours when it was possible for me to call upon
+her, and she lived at a long distance from the kindergarten in a
+neighborhood from which none of our other children came.
+
+I had no anxiety about them however, as the looks, behavior, and
+clothing of all my children was always an absolute test of the
+conditions prevailing in the home. What was my surprise then, one day to
+receive a note from a certain Mrs. Hannah Googins, a name not in my
+register.
+
+She said her Emma Abby had been bringing home pieces of sewing and
+weaving of late, marked "Violet Featherstone." She would like to see
+some of Emma Abby's own work and find out whether she had taken that of
+any other child by mistake. A long and puzzling investigation followed
+the receipt of this letter and I found that the romantic little Emma
+Abby Googins, not caring for the name given her by her maternal parent,
+had assumed that of Violet Featherstone. Also, being an only child and
+greatly desiring a sister, she had plucked a certain little Nellie
+Taylor from a family near by, named her "Rose Featherstone" and taken
+her to and from the kindergarten daily, a distance of at least half a
+mile of crowded streets. The affair was purely one of innocent romance.
+Emma Abby Googins never told a fib or committed the slightest fault or
+folly save that of burying her name, assuming a more distinguished one,
+and introducing a sister to me who had no claim to the Googins blood.
+Her mother was thoroughly mystified by the occurrence and I no less so,
+but Emma Abby simply opened her blue eyes wider and protested that she
+"liked to be Violet" and Rose liked to be Rose, and that was the only
+excuse for her conduct, which she seemed to think needed neither apology
+nor explanation.
+
+Now comes the darling of the group, the heart's ease, the nonesuch, the
+Rose of Erin, the lovely, the indescribable Rosaleen Clancy.
+
+We were all working busily and happily one morning when a young woman
+tapped at the door and led in that flower and pearl of babyhood, the
+aforesaid Rosaleen.
+
+The young woman said she knew that the kindergarten was full, and indeed
+had a long waiting list, but the Clancy family had just arrived from
+Ireland; that there were two little boys; a new baby twenty-four hours
+old; Mr. Clancy had not yet found work, and could we take care of
+Rosaleen even for a week or two?
+
+As I looked at the child the remark that we had not a single vacant seat
+perished, unborn, on my lips. She was about three and a half years old,
+and was clad in a straight, loose slip of dark blue wool that showed her
+neck and arms. A little flat, sort of "pork pie" hat of blue velveteen
+sat on the back of her adorable head, showing the satiny rings of yellow
+hair that curled round her ears and hung close to her neck. (No wonder!)
+She had gray-blue eyes with long upper and under lashes and a perfect
+mouth that disclosed the pearly teeth usually confined to the heroines
+of novels. As to her skin you would say that Jersey cream was the
+principal ingredient in its composition.
+
+The children had stopped their weaving needles and were gazing
+open-mouthed at this vision of beauty, though Rosaleen had by no means
+unmasked all her batteries. She came nearer my chair, and without being
+invited, slipped her hand in mine in a blarneyish and deludthering way
+not unknown in her native isle. The same Jersey cream had gone into its
+skin, there were dimples in the knuckles, and baby hand though it was,
+its satin touch had a thrill in it, and responded instantly to my
+pressure.
+
+"Do you think we can make room for her, children?" I asked.
+
+Every small boy cried rapturously: "Look Miss Kate! Here's room! I kin
+scrooge up!" and hoped the Lord would send Rosaleen his way!
+
+"We can't have two children in one seat;" I explained to Rosaleen's
+sponsor, "because they can't have proper building exercises nor work to
+good advantage when they're crowded."
+
+"I kin set on the pianner stool!" gallantly offered Billy Prendergast.
+
+"Perhaps I can borrow a little chair somewhere," I said. "Would you like
+to stay with us Rosaleen?"
+
+Her only answer (she was richer in beautiful looks than in speech) was
+to remove her blue velveteen hat and tranquilly placed it on my table.
+If she was lovely with her hair covered she was still lovelier now;
+while her smile of assent disclosing as it did, an irresistible dimple,
+completed our conquest; so that no one in the room (save Hansanella, who
+went on doggedly with their weaving) would have been parted from the new
+comer save by fire and the sword.
+
+At one o'clock Bobby Green came back from the noon recess dragging a
+high chair. It was his own outgrown property and he had asked our
+Janitor to abbreviate its legs and bring it up stairs.
+
+When Rosaleen sat in it and smiled, a thrill of rapture swept through
+the small community. The girls thrilled as well as the boys, for
+Rosaleen's was not a mere sex appeal but practically a universal one.
+
+There was one flaw in our content. Bobby Green's mother arrived shortly
+after one o'clock in a high state of wrath, and I was obliged to go out
+in the hall and calm her nerves.
+
+"I really think Bobby's impulse was an honest one," I said. "He did not
+know I intended to buy a chair for the new child out of my own salary
+this afternoon. He probably thought that the high chair was his very
+own, reasoning as children do, and it was a gallant, generous act. I
+don't like to have him punished for it, Mrs. Green, and if we both tell
+him he ought to have asked your permission before giving the chair away,
+and if I buy you a new one, won't you agree to drop the matter?--Think
+how manly Bobby was and how generous and thoughtful! If he were mine I
+couldn't help being proud of him. Just peep in and look at the baby who
+is sitting in his chair, a little stranger, just come from Ireland to
+San Francisco."
+
+Mrs. Green peeped in and saw the sun shining on Rosaleen's primrose
+head. She was stringing beads, while Bobby, Pat and Aaron knelt beside
+her, palpitating for a chance to serve.
+
+"She's real cute!" whispered Mrs. Green. "Does Bobby act very often like
+he's doin' now?"
+
+"He's one of the greatest comforts of my life!" I said truly.
+
+"I wish I could say the same!" she retorted. "Well, I came round
+intendin' to give him a good settlin' but he'd had two already this
+week and I guess I'll let it go! We ain't so poverty-struck as some o'
+the folks in this neighborhood and I guess we can make out to spare a
+chair, it's little enough to pay for gettin' rid of Bobby."
+
+Two years that miracle of beauty and sweetness, Rosaleen Clancy stayed
+with us, just as potent an influence as the birds or the flowers, the
+stories I told, or the music I coaxed from the little upright piano. Her
+face was not her only fortune for she had a heart of gold. Ireland did
+indeed have a grievance when Rosaleen left it for America!
+
+This is just a corner of my portrait gallery, which has dozens of other
+types hanging on the walls clamoring to be described. Some were lovely
+and some interestingly ugly; some were like lilies growing out of the
+mud, others had not been quite as able to energize themselves out of
+their environment and bore the sad traces of it ever with them;--still,
+they were all absorbingly interesting beyond my power to paint. Month
+after month they sat together, working, playing, helping, growing--in a
+word learning how to live, and there in the midst of the group was I,
+learning my life lesson with them.
+
+The study and the practice of the kindergarten theory of education and
+of life gave me, while I was still very young, a certain ideal by which
+to live and work, and it has never faded.--Never, whether richer or
+poorer, whether better or worse, in sickness or in health, in prosperity
+or adversity, never wholly to lose my glimpse of that "celestial light"
+that childhood-apparalled "Meadow, grove and stream, the earth and every
+common sight:" and to hold that attitude of mind and heart which gives
+to life even when it is difficult something of "the glory and the
+freshness of a dream!"
+
+[Illustration]
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ADVERTISEMENTS
+
+
+By Kate Douglas Wiggin
+
+
+REBECCA OF SUNNYBROOK FARM. 12mo, $1.25.
+NEW CHRONICLES OF REBECCA. Illustrated by F. C. Yohn. 12mo, $1.25.
+ROSE O' THE RIVER. Ill. in color. 12mo, $1.25.
+THE AFFAIR AT THE INN. Ill. 12mo, $1.25.
+THE DIARY OF A GOOSE GIRL. Illustrated. 12mo, $1.00.
+A CATHEDRAL COURTSHIP AND PENELOPE'S ENGLISH EXPERIENCES. Ill. 16mo,
+  $1.00.
+PENELOPE'S PROGRESS. 16mo, $1.25.
+PENELOPE'S IRISH EXPERIENCES. 16mo, $1.25.
+PENELOPE'S EXPERIENCES. I England; II Scotland; III Ireland; Holiday
+  Edition. With many illustrations by Charles E. Brock. 3 vols., each
+  12mo, $2.00 the set, $6.00.
+A CATHEDRAL COURTSHIP. Holiday Edition, enlarged. Illustrated by
+  C. E. Brock. 12mo, $1.50.
+THE BIRDS' CHRISTMAS CAROL. Illustrated. Square 12mo, 50 cents.
+THE STORY OF PATSY. Illustrated. Square 12mo, 60 cents.
+A SUMMER IN A CANYON. A California Story. Illustrated. 16mo, $1.25.
+TIMOTHY'S QUEST. A Story for Anybody, Young or Old, who cares to read
+  it. 16mo, $1.00. Holiday Edition. Illustrated. Crown 8vo, $1.50.
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+  Library. 60 cents, net; postpaid.
+THE VILLAGE WATCH-TOWER. 16mo, $1.00
+MARM LISA, 16mo, $1.00.
+NINE LOVE SONGS, AND A CAROL. Music by Mrs. Wiggin. Words by Herrick,
+  Sill, and others. Square 8vo, $1.25.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+By Mrs. Wiggin and Miss Nora Archibald Smith
+
+
+THE STORY HOUR. A Book for the Home and Kindergarten. Illustrated. 16mo,
+  $1.00.
+CHILDREN'S RIGHTS. A Book of Nursery Logic. 16mo, $1.00.
+THE REPUBLIC OF CHILDHOOD. In three volumes. Each, 16mo, $1.00.
+    I. FROEBEL'S GIFTS.
+   II. FROEBEL'S OCCUPATIONS.
+  III. KINDERGARTEN PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN AND COMPANY
+Boston and New York
+
+
+
+
+
+End of Project Gutenberg's The Girl and the Kingdom, by Kate Douglas Wiggin
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