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+The Project Gutenberg eBook, Some Remains (hitherto unpublished) of Joseph
+Butler, LL.D., by Joseph Butler, Edited by Edward Steere
+
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+
+
+
+Title: Some Remains (hitherto unpublished) of Joseph Butler, LL.D.
+
+
+Author: Joseph Butler
+
+Editor: Edward Steere
+
+Release Date: March 12, 2007  [eBook #20801]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-646-US (US-ASCII)
+
+
+***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SOME REMAINS (HITHERTO
+UNPUBLISHED) OF JOSEPH BUTLER, LL.D.***
+
+
+
+
+
+Transcribed from the 1853 Rivingtons edition by David Price, email
+ccx074@pglaf.org
+
+
+
+
+
+SOME REMAINS
+(HITHERTO UNPUBLISHED)
+OF
+JOSEPH BUTLER, LL.D.
+
+
+SOMETIME
+LORD BISHOP OF DURHAM.
+
+   "I am more indebted to his writings than to those of any other
+   _uninspired_ writer, for the insight which I have been enabled to
+   attain into the motives of the Divine Economy and the grounds of moral
+   obligation."
+
+_From a Letter of the late Bishop Kaye_, _of Lincoln_.
+
+LONDON:
+RIVINGTONS, WATERLOO PLACE.
+1853.
+
+LONDON:
+GILBERT AND RIVINGTON, PRINTERS,
+ST. JOHN'S SQUARE
+
+
+
+
+PREFACE.
+
+
+It has long been a subject of regret that we should have so few remains
+of so great a writer as the author of the "Analogy," not only the
+greatest thinker of his day, but one almost equally remarkable for his
+personal religion and amiability.
+
+The few fragments and letters which remain unpublished, derive from this
+circumstance a value wholly incommensurate with their extent, though, as
+to the few I have been able to recover, they seem to me worthy of notice
+even for their own sake.
+
+There can, I suppose, be no doubt but that many letters on subjects
+connected with their common pursuit,--the defence of religion by rational
+arguments,--must have passed between Dr. Clarke and the "Gentleman in
+Gloucestershire," even up to the time of the former's decease; and the
+specimen I am now able to exhibit certainly excites a wish that one could
+recover more of a series which it is most likely that Dr. Clarke at least
+carefully preserved.  The three letters now printed were all addressed to
+Dr. Clarke; the first and last, though little known, were published many
+years ago in the European Magazine.
+
+The second and third Fragments are printed as they were written, having
+apparently been noted down from time to time as the ideas occurred to
+their author; thus at the end of the first paragraph of the third
+Fragment, the word "direction" was originally written "advice," but was
+subsequently altered in a different ink, being the same with that in
+which the sentences immediately following were written.  I have not
+thought myself at liberty to make any attempt to reduce these Fragments
+to better consistency; indeed, their present disordered state seems to me
+rather to add to their interest, as showing the mode in which the stones
+were gathered for building up such works as the "Analogy" and the
+"Sermons."  It will be observed that I have found a difficulty in reading
+the last part of the third Fragment, and I am by no means sure that I
+have quite hit the sense intended; I should like it to apply either to
+the Cross set up at Bristol, or to the famous Charge delivered at Durham.
+
+I have added a cotemporary notice of the buildings at Bristol, and an
+anecdote showing how they were thought of, as well as a statement, made
+after the Bishop's death, of his proceedings with regard to the church,
+which is now St. George's, near Bristol, in order to establish the fact
+of the separation of the property there mentioned from the bulk of his
+estate;--showing his desire to do something for the benefit of the people
+of Kingswood, a district the moral degradation of which had already
+attracted the attention of Whitefield and Wesley.
+
+The following extract has been kindly communicated to me from the Diary
+of Dr. Thomas Wilson, the son of the great Bishop of Sodor and Man; and I
+print it here more especially to invite the attention of all who take an
+interest in these things to the fact, that a copy may have been made for
+the King of the sermon there mentioned, and may possibly even yet be in
+existence somewhere; if so, it cannot but be worth the trouble of
+recovery and publication.
+
+   1737, December, Friday, 23rd.  "The Master [_i.e._ Sir Joseph Jekyll,
+   Master of the Rolls] told me that the King desired that Dr. Butler,
+   Clerk of the Closet to the late Queen, might preach before him in the
+   Princess Amelia's apartments.  He preached upon the subject of being
+   bettered by afflictions, which affected His Majesty so much that he
+   desired the sermon, and assured him that he would do something very
+   good for him.  The Master desired that it might be known publicly, it
+   was told him by the Bishop of Oxford [Seeker].  The Master seemed
+   mightily pleased, and was in hopes it would be of great service to the
+   public as well as his private family, which will be a pleasure to
+   every body, and make even the death of Her Majesty (so great a seeming
+   loss) of advantage to the nation."
+
+I have been mainly induced to publish these Remains by the pleasure with
+which some copies I had given away privately have been received, and I
+confess that the fruit I should be most gratified to see, would be the
+recovery of some longer work, not less worthy of its Author's reputation.
+
+EDWARD STEERE, LL.D.
+
+University College, London,
+1st September, 1853.
+
+
+
+
+FRAGMENTS.
+
+
+From the autographs of Bp. Butler now in the library at the British
+Museum.  [Add. MS. 9815.]
+
+
+
+I.
+
+
+God cannot approve of any thing but what is in itself Right, Fit, Just.
+We should worship and endeavour to obey Him with this Consciousness and
+Recollection.  To endeavour to please a man merely, is a different thing
+from endeavouring to please him as a wise and good man, _i.e._
+endeavouring to please him in the particular way, of behaving towards him
+as we think the relations we stand in to him, and the intercourse we have
+with him, require.
+
+Almighty God is to be sure infinitely removed from all those human
+weaknesses which we express by the words, captious, apt to take offence,
+&c.  But an unthinking world does not consider what may be absolutely due
+to Him from all Creatures capable of considering themselves as His
+Creatures.  Recollect the idea, inadequate as it is, which we have of
+God, and the idea of ourselves, and carelessness with regard to Him,
+whether we are to worship Him at all, whether we worship Him in a right
+manner, or conceited confidence that we do so, will seem to imply
+unspeakable Presumption.  Neither do we know what necessary, unalterable
+connexion there may be, between moral right and happiness, moral wrong
+and misery.
+
+Sincerity is doubtless the thing, and not whether we hit the right
+manner, &c.  But a sense of the imperfection of our worship, apprehension
+that it may be, and a degree of fear that it is, in some respects
+erroneous, may perhaps be a temper of mind not unbecoming such poor
+creatures as we are, in our addresses to God.  In proportion as we are
+assured that we are honest and sincere, we may rest satisfied that God
+cannot be offended with us, but indifference whether what we do be
+materially, or in the nature of the thing abstracted from our way of
+considering it, Good and Right,--such indifference is utterly
+inconsistent with Sincerity.
+
+No person who has just notions of God can be afraid of His displeasure
+any further than as he is afraid of his own Character, whether it be what
+it ought: but so far as a man has reason to fear his own character, so
+far there must be reason to fear God's displeasure, or disapprobation;
+not from any doubt of His Perfection and Goodness, but merely from the
+belief of it.
+
+Is it possible that people can be Scepticks in _Opinion_, and yet without
+any doubtfulness, or solicitude about their _Actions_ and _Behaviour_?
+
+
+
+II.
+
+
+What a wonderful incongruity it is for a man to see the doubtfulness in
+which things are involved, and yet be impatient out of action, or
+vehement in it!  Say a man is a Sceptick, and add what was said of
+Brutus, _quicquid vult valde vult_, and you say, there is the greatest
+Contrariety between his Understanding and his Temper that can be
+expressed in words.
+
+* * * * *
+
+In general a man ought not to do other people's duty for them; for their
+duty was appointed them for their exercise; and besides, who will do it
+in case of his death?  Nor has a man any right to raise in others such a
+dependance upon him as that they must be miserable in case of his death,
+tho' whilst he lives he answers that dependance.
+
+* * * * *
+
+Hobbs' definition of Benevolence, that 'tis the love of power is base and
+false, but there is more of truth in it than appears at first sight; the
+real Benevolence of men being, I think, for the most part, not indeed the
+single love of power, but the love of power to be exercised in the way of
+doing good; that is a different thing from the love of the good or
+happiness of others by whomsoever effected, which last I call single or
+simple Benevolence.  How little there is of this in the world may appear
+by observing, how many persons can bear with great tranquillity that a
+friend or child should live in misery, who yet cannot bear the thought of
+their death.
+
+Good men surely are not treated in this world as they deserve, yet 'tis
+seldom, very seldom their goodness which makes them disliked, even in
+cases where it may seem to be so: but 'tis some behaviour or other, which
+however excusable, perhaps infinitely overbalanced by their virtues, yet
+is offensive, possibly wrong; however such, it may be, as would pass off
+very well in a man of the world.
+
+
+
+III.
+
+
+Shall I not be faithful to God?  If He puts a part upon me to do, shall I
+neglect or refuse it?  A part to suffer, and shall I say I would not if I
+could help it?  Can words more ill-sorted, more shocking be put together?
+And is not the thing expressed by them more so, tho' not expressed in
+words?  What then shall I prefer to the sovereign Good, supreme
+Excellence, absolute Perfection?  To whom shall I apply for direction in
+opposition to Infinite Wisdom?  To whom for protection against Almighty
+Power?
+
+Sunday Evening, June 13, 1742.
+
+Hunger and thirst after Righteousness till filled with it by being made
+partaker of the Divine nature.
+
+Ad te levo oculos meos, qui habitas in coelis.  Sicut oculi servorum
+_intenti sunt_ ad manum dominorum suorum, sicut oculi ancillae ad manum
+dominae suae; ita oculi nostri ad Deum nostrum, donec misereatur nostri.
+
+As all my passions and affections to my Reason such as it is, so in
+consideration of the fallibility and infinite deficiencies of this my
+Reason, I would subject it to God, that He may guide and succour it.
+
+Our wants as Creatures: our Demerits as Sinners.
+
+That I may have a due sense of the hand of God in every thing, and then
+put myself into His hand to lead me through whatever ways He shall think
+fit; either to add to my burden, or lighten it, or wholly discharge me of
+it.
+
+Be more afraid of myself than of the world.
+
+To discern the hand of God in every thing and have a due sense of it.
+
+Instead of deluding oneself in imagining one should behave well in times
+and circumstances other than those in which one is placed, to take care
+and be faithful and behave well in those one is placed in.
+
+That God would please to make my way plain before my face, and deliver me
+from offending the scrupulousness of any {11}, or if not, O assist me to
+act the right part under it!
+
+
+
+
+LETTERS.
+
+
+I.
+
+
+From a Copy formerly belonging to Dr. Birch, and now in the library at
+the British Museum.  [Add. MS. 4370.]
+
+REV. DR.
+
+'Twas but last night I received your letter from Gloucester, having left
+that place three weeks since.  It revived in my mind some very melancholy
+thoughts I had upon my being obliged to quit those studies, that had a
+direct tendency to divinity, that being what I should chuse for the
+business of my life, it being, I think, of all other studies the most
+suitable to a reasonable nature.  I say my being obliged, for there is
+every encouragement (whether one regards interest or usefulness) now-a-
+days for any to enter that profession, who has not got a way of
+commanding his assent to received opinions without examination.
+
+I had some thoughts, Sir, of paying you my acknowledgments in person for
+that surprising air of candour and affability with which you have treated
+me in the Letters that have passed between us.  But really I could not
+put on so bold a face, as to intrude into a gentleman's company with no
+other excuse but that of having received an obligation from him.  I have
+not the least prospect of ever being in a capacity of giving any more
+than a verbal declaration of my gratitude: so I hope you'l accept that,
+and believe it's with the utmost sincerity I subscribe myself,
+
+Sir,
+
+Your most obliged, most obedient humble servant,
+
+J. BUTLER.
+
+Hamlin's Coffee-house,
+Tuesday Morning.
+
+
+
+II.
+
+
+The original of this Letter with the answer, which is roughly written on
+the blank leaf, is, I believe, now in the library of Oriel College,
+Oxford.  I am indebted for my copy to the kindness of the Rev. J. H.
+Newman, D.D., formerly of that College.
+
+REV. SIR,
+
+I had long resisted an Inclination to desire your Thoughts upon the
+difficulty mentioned in my last, till I considered that the trouble in
+answering it would be only carrying on the general purpose of your Life,
+and that I might claim the same right to your Instructions with others;
+notwithstanding which, I should not have mentioned it to you had I not
+thought (which is natural when one fancies one sees a thing clearly) that
+I could easily express it with clearness to others.  However I should by
+no means have given you a second trouble upon the subject had I not had
+your particular leave.  I thought proper just to mention these things
+that you might not suspect me to take advantage from your Civility to
+trouble you with any thing, but only such objections as seem to me of
+Weight, and which I cannot get rid of any other way.  A disposition in
+our natures to be influenced by right motives is as absolutely necessary
+to render us moral Agents, as a Capacity to discern right motives is.
+These two are I think quite _distinct_ perceptions, the _former_
+proceeding from a desire inseparable from a Conscious Being of its own
+happiness, the _latter_ being only our Understanding, or Faculty of
+seeing Truth.  Since a _disposition_ to be influenced by right motives is
+a _sine qua non_ to Virtuous Actions, an Indifferency to right motives
+must _incapacitate_ us for Virtuous Actions, or render us in that
+particular not moral agents.  I do indeed think that no Rational Creature
+is _strictly speaking Indifferent_ to Right Motives, but yet there seems
+to be somewhat which to all intents of the present question is the same,
+viz. _a stronger disposition to be influenced by contrary or wrong
+motives_, and this I take to be always the Case when any vice is
+committed.  But since it may be said, as you hint, that this stronger
+disposition to be influenced by Vicious Motives may have been contracted
+by repeated Acts of Wickedness, we will pitch upon the _first Vicious
+Action_ any one is guilty of.  No man would have committed this first
+Vicious Action if he had not had a _stronger_ (at least as strong)
+_disposition_ in him to be influenced by the _Motives of the Vicious
+Action_, than by the _motives of the contrary Virtuous Action_; from
+whence I infallibly conclude, that since every man has committed some
+first Vice, every man had, _antecedent_ to the commission of it, a
+_stronger disposition_ to be influenced by the _Vicious_ than the
+_Virtuous_ motive.  My difficulty upon this is, that a _stronger natural
+disposition_ to be influenced by the Vicious than the Virtuous Motive
+(which every one has antecedent to his first vice), seems, to all
+purposes of the present question, to put the Man in the same condition as
+though he was _indifferent to the Virtuous Motive_; and since an
+_indifferency to the Virtuous Motive_ would have _incapacitated_ a Man
+from being a _moral Agent_, or _contracting guilt_, is not a _stronger
+disposition_ to be influenced by the _Vicious_ Motive as great an
+_Incapacity_?  Suppose I have two diversions offered me, _both_ of which
+I could not enjoy, I like both of them, but yet have a _stronger_
+inclination to one than to the other, I am not indeed strictly
+_indifferent_ to either, because I should be glad to _enjoy both_; but am
+I not exactly _in the same case_, _to all intents and purposes of
+acting_, as though I was _absolutely indifferent_ to that diversion which
+I have the _least_ inclination to?  You suppose Man to be endued
+naturally with a _disposition to be influenced by Virtuous Motives_, and
+that _this Disposition is a sine qua non to Virtuous Actions_, both which
+I fully believe; but then you _omit_ to consider the natural Inclination
+to be influenced by Vicious Motives, which, _whenever a Vice is
+committed_, is at least _equally strong_ with the other, and in the first
+Vice _is not affected by Habits_, but is as _natural_, and as much _out
+of a man's power_ as the other.  I am much obliged to your offer of
+writing to Mr. Laughton, which I shall very thankfully accept of, but am
+not certain when I shall go to Cambridge; however, I believe it will be
+about the middle of the next month.
+
+I am, Rev. Sir,
+Your most obliged humble Servant,
+
+J. BUTLER.
+
+Oriel, Oct. the 6th.
+
+
+THE ANSWER.
+
+
+Your objection seems indeed very dexterous, and yet I really think that
+there is at bottom nothing in it.  But of this you are to judge, not from
+my assertion, but from the reason I shall endeavour to give to it.
+
+I think then, that a _disposition to be influenced by right motives_
+being what we call _rationality_, there cannot be on the contrary
+(properly speaking) any such thing naturally in rational creatures as a
+_disposition to be influenced by wrong motives_.  This can be nothing but
+mere _perverseness of will_; and whether even that can be said to amount
+to a disposition to be influenced by wrong motives, _formally_, and as
+such, may (I think) well be doubted.  Men have by nature strong
+inclinations to certain objects.  None of these inclinations are vicious,
+but vice consists in pursuing the inclination towards any object in
+certain circumstances, notwithstanding _reason_, or the natural
+disposition to be influenced by right motives, declares to the man's
+conscience at the same time (or would do, if he attended to it) that the
+object ought not to be pursued in those circumstances.  Nevertheless,
+where the man commits the crime, the _natural disposition_ was only
+towards the _object_, not formally towards the doing it upon wrong
+motives; and generally the very essence of the crime consists in the
+liberty of the will forcibly overruling the _actual disposition towards
+being influenced by right motives_, and not at all (as you suppose) in
+the man's having any _natural disposition to be influenced by wrong
+motives_, as such.
+
+
+
+III.
+
+
+From the original, now in the library at the British Museum.  [Add. MS.
+12,101.]
+
+REV. SIR,
+
+I had the honour of your kind letter yesterday, and must own that I do
+now see a _difference_ between the nature of _that disposition which we
+have to be influenced by virtuous motives_, and _that contrary
+disposition_, (or whatever else it may _properly_ be called,) which is
+the _occasion_ of our committing _sin_; and hope in time to get a
+thorough insight into this Subject by means of those helps you have been
+pleased to afford me.  I find it necessary to consider such very abstruse
+questions at different times and in different dispositions; and have
+found particular use of this method upon that abstract subject of
+_Necessity_: for tho' I did not see the force of your argument for the
+_unity of the Divine Nature_ when I had done writing to you upon that
+subject, I am now _fully satisfied_ that it is conclusive.  I will only
+just add that I suppose somewhat in my last letter was not clearly
+expressed, for I did not at all _design_ to say, that _the essence of any
+crime consisted in the man's having a natural disposition to be
+influenced by wrong motives_.
+
+I was fully resolved to have gone to Cambridge some time in this Term,
+not in the least expecting but that I might have the Terms allowed there
+which I have kept here, but I am informed by one who has been there that
+it is not at all to be depended upon; but that it's more likely to be
+refused than granted me.  My design was this; when I had taken the Degree
+of Batchelor of Arts at Cambridge, (which I would have done to have the
+Priviledge of that Gown,) to take that of Batchelor of Law a year
+afterwards, but if I cannot have the Terms I have kept for Batchelor of
+Arts allowed there, it will be highly proper for me to stay at Oxford to
+take that degree here, before I go to Cambridge to take Batchelor of Law.
+I will inquire concerning the truth of what the gentleman told me, and if
+I find he is mistaken and that I can take the degree of Batchelor of Arts
+at Cambridge next June, which is the time I shall be standing for it, and
+Batchelor of Law a year after that; I will make bold to accept of your
+kind offer to write to Mr. Laughton, and will acquaint you with it as
+soon as I am satisfied, otherwise I will give you no further trouble in
+the matter; and indeed I am sorry I should have given you any already
+upon it, but I thought I had sufficient reason to be satisfied, and had
+not the least suspicion in the world that there was any uncertainty about
+getting the Terms allowed, so I hope you will excuse it.
+
+I am with the greatest respect and gratitude for all your favours,
+
+Rev. Sir,
+Your most obedient humble Servant,
+
+J. BUTLER.
+
+Oriel Coll., Oct. 10, 1717.
+
+I should have written yesterday, to prevent your trouble of writing to
+Mr. Laughton, but I was not informed of what I have mentioned before last
+night.
+
+* * * * *
+
+This Letter, as well as the one immediately preceding, appears to have
+been intended by Dr. Clarke for publication, as in both the concluding
+passages relating to private matters have been struck through, and on the
+back of this last is written, "These to be added to the next edition of
+Leibnitz's Letters."  I believe those Letters never reached a second
+edition.
+
+
+
+
+PRAYERS.
+
+
+From a Copy in Bp. Butler's handwriting, now in the library at the
+British Museum.  [Add. MS. 9815.]
+
+O Almighty God, Maker and Preserver of the world, Governor and Judge of
+all creatures, whom Thou hast endued with understanding so as to render
+them accountable for their actions and capable of being judged for them;
+we prostrate ourselves as in Thy presence, and worship Thee the Sovereign
+Lord of all, in Whom we live and move and have our being.  The greatness
+and perfection of Thy Nature is infinitely beyond all possible
+comprehension, but in proportion to our capacities we would endeavour to
+have a true conception of Thy Divine Majesty, and to live under a just
+sense and apprehension of it: that we may fear Thee and hope in Thee as
+we entirely depend upon Thee: that we may love Thee as supremely good,
+and have our wills conformed to Thy will in all righteousness and truth:
+that we may be thankful to Thee for every thing we enjoy, as the gift of
+Thine hand, and be patient under every affliction as what Thou sendest or
+permittest.
+
+We desire to be duly sensible of what we have done amiss, and we solemnly
+resolve before Thee, that for the time to come we will endeavour to obey
+all Thy commands as they are made known to us.
+
+We are Thy Creatures by Nature; we give up ourselves to be Thy servants
+voluntarily and by Choice, and present ourselves, body and soul, a living
+sacrifice to Thee.
+
+But, O Almighty God, as Thou hast manifested Thyself to the world by
+Jesus Christ; as Thou hast given Him to be a Propitiation for the sins of
+it, and the Mediator between God and Man; we lay hold with all humility
+and thankfulness on so inestimable a Benefit, and come unto Thee
+according to Thine appointment in His Name, and in the form and manner
+which He has taught us.
+
+Our Father, &c.
+
+
+
+MORNING PRAYER.
+
+
+Almighty God, by whose protection we were preserved the night passed, and
+are here before Thee this morning in health and safety; we dedicate this
+day, and all the days we have to live to Thy service; resolving, that we
+will abstain from all evil, that we will take heed to the thing that is
+right in all our actions, and endeavour to do our duty in that state of
+life in which Thy Providence has placed us.  We would remind ourselves
+that we are always, wherever we may go, in Thy presence.  We would be
+always in Thy fear; and we beg the continuance of Thy merciful
+protection, and that Thou would'st guide and keep us in all our ways
+through Jesus Christ our Lord.
+
+
+
+EVENING PRAYER,
+
+
+Almighty God, whose continued providence ordereth all things both in
+Heaven and Earth; Who never slumberest nor sleepest; but hast divided the
+light from the darkness, and made the day for employment and the night
+for rest to Thy creatures the inhabitants of the earth: we acknowledge
+with all thankfulness Thy merciful preservation of us this day, by which
+we are brought in safety to the evening of it.  We implore Thy
+forgiveness of all the offences which we have been guilty of in it,
+whether in thought, word, or deed; and desire to have a due sense of Thy
+goodness in keeping us out of the way of those temptations by which we
+might have fallen into greater sins, and in preserving us from those
+misfortunes and sad accidents, common to every day, and which must have
+befallen many others.  We humbly commit ourselves to the same good
+providence this night, that we may sleep in quiet under Thy protection,
+and wake, if it be Thy will, in the morning in renewed life and strength.
+And we beg the assistance of Thy grace to live in such a manner, that
+when the few days and nights which thou shalt allot us in this world be
+passed away, we may die in peace, and finally obtain the resurrection
+unto eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.
+
+* * * * *
+
+Almighty God, Whose tender mercies are over all Thy works, who feedest
+the fowls of the air and the beasts of the field, and hast given unto us
+all things that pertain unto life and godliness, we desire to have our
+souls possessed with a due sense of Thy blessings, and to show forth our
+thankfulness by moderation and temperance in the use of them, by being
+kind and compassionate to those who are in distress, and by all those
+good works which Thou hast appointed us to walk in.  And we humbly hope
+we shall at last experience all Thy goodness to us consummate in that
+future state, which Thou hast prepared for them that love and fear Thee
+through Jesus Christ our Lord.  Amen.
+
+
+
+
+EXTRACT FROM THE MS. COLLECTIONS
+
+
+_From the MS. Collections of the Rev. W. Cole_, _now in the Library at
+the British Museum_.  _Vol._ 10, _p._ 92, _taken at Bristol in the year_
+1746.
+
+Having done with what is in the Cathedral, let us just step into the
+Bishop's Palace on the south side of it: and here we cannot help
+observing the generous Temper of the present worthy prelate; who in a
+poor Bishoprick of about 500 pounds per ann. has already laid out on
+building an entire new Palace in the room of the old one which was gone
+to decay, above 3000 pounds.  The small Chapel belonging to the old one
+is standing; but entirely new fitted up, furnished in an elegant Taste
+and newly wainscoted and a Tribune from one of his Lordship's rooms to
+look into it at the west end, over the door which is entirely new.  The
+altar piece is of black marble inlaid with a milk white cross of white
+marble; which is plain and has a good effect.  In the East window over it
+is a small Crucifix with the B. Virgin and St. John under the Cross
+weeping, of old glass; and not very curious.  Over the new Door into the
+Chapel from the Hall, in a void space made on purpose, is a very old Coat
+of Glass of the Arms of Berkly ensigned with a mitre: and this is another
+reason to make one think that the old Abbey of Bristol gave these arms to
+their Founder, for their own Coat.  I was pleased to find the present
+Bishop paid such a regard to the memory of the Ancient Abbey and its
+Founders, as to preserve this old memorial of them with so much care and
+precaution.  A pattern worthy to be imitated in an age, that to my
+knowledge, in certain places, has not only had such marks of their
+benefactors taken away in order to get up modern crown glass; but has
+also given away and destroyed such memorials of them, as the care of
+their predecessors for 3 or 400 years have with the utmost gratitude and
+veneration preserved.
+
+Over the hall chimney-piece, which is preserved with equal care by his
+Lordship, are the arms of Bishop Wright impaled by his See, and a mitre
+over them, and R. W. on each side of them; as also Wright impaling per
+Pale unde six martlets countercharged for Fleetwood.
+
+I don't see his Lordship's Arms in any part of the Palace, which has so
+just a title to have them in every part of it; but however, I shall give
+them a place here in gratitude to his memory who so well deserves of this
+place, which, though I have no concern in, nor no acquaintance with his
+Lordship, yet one always has a value for a grateful and benevolent mind.
+
+The arms of Joseph Butler, Lord Bishop of Bristol and Dean of St. Paul's,
+are: A. three covered Cups on Bend S, inter two Bendlets engrailed G.
+
+His Lordship was, on the decease of the late Lord Bishop of Hereford, by
+his Majesty appointed Clerk of the Royal Closet; and it is said that he
+has also a promise, on the next vacancy, of a translation to the rich See
+of Durham, which will be well bestowed on a person of his Lordship's
+large and universal benevolence.
+
+* * * * *
+
+From the same.
+
+Dr. Freeman, speaking of the chapel in the palace at Bristol, told me
+that he was mentioning the neatness and elegance of it to Bishop Young at
+Therfield, who told him, that however he might admire the decency and
+elegance of it, yet upon his waiting, upon some occasion or other, on my
+Lord Hardwick, his Lordship spoke to him of it, and asked him whether he
+had not a design of pulling down the cross of marble over the Altar,
+which he thought was offensive; to which the Bishop replied, that it was
+probable that he should not have set it up there, but that he should not
+choose to have it said that Bishop Young had pulled down what Bishop
+Butler had erected.
+
+
+
+STATEMENT CONCERNING THE CHURCH AT KINGSWOOD.
+
+
+From a MS. in the British Museum.  [Add. 9815.]
+
+When the late Lord Bishop of Durham first intended to have a place of
+Divine Worship erected in Kings Wood, his Scheme was,--To solicit
+Subscriptions for building a Chapel, and to give 400 pounds towards the
+Endowment of it, in order to get the like Sum from the Governors of Q.
+Ann's Bounty.  And he was pleased to lay his Commands upon me to make
+Application to persons the most likely to contribute to that good Work.
+
+The report I brought him in Consequence of such Application, was to this
+Effect, that they highly approved of the pious and charitable design, but
+disliked the particular Scheme of erecting a Chapel of Ease to the Church
+of St. Philip and Jacob, as this would not answer the good purposes his
+Lordship intended; and therefore proposed a Division of the Parish, and
+the Erection of a new Parish and parish Church.
+
+His observations on this Proposal were the following,--That the intended
+Chapel in Kings Wood would not have been a Chapel of Ease to Saint Philip
+and Jacob, but distinct from it, as the Incumbent would have had nothing
+farther to do with the Chapel, or the income of it, but barely to
+nominate the Curate, who from thence forward would have been independent
+of him: However he thought the Scheme of erecting a new Parish to be much
+preferable in itself, but was attended with more difficulties; and
+therefore gave up his own Scheme with pleasure, if the Parties concerned
+would join their Endeavours to Execute the other.
+
+Upon this occasion He not only permitted, but _ordered_ me to say to all
+Persons, and in all Companies, that he had allotted a Benefaction of 400
+pounds for that Use.  And when some of the principal Parishioners had
+fixed upon the Boundaries of their new intended Parish, and had presented
+a kind of Petition or Memorial to him, To have those limits specified in
+the intended Act of Parliament, they used the following expressions.
+"Whereas it hath been made known unto Us,--That your Lordship hath
+proposed to endeavour to obtain an Act of Parliament for Dividing the
+said Parish of St. Philip and Jacob, and for erecting and endowing a
+Church for the said Parishioners,--And that _you have been pleased to
+offer a large Subscription thereto_, We therefore with grateful Hearts
+humbly take this opportunity of tendering you our hearty thanks for this
+your pious and charitable Intention, and being very desirous that the
+same may be executed, beg leave to assure your Lordship, that we will use
+our best Endeavours for promoting the same, &c."
+
+Which Petition or Memorial He ordered his Secretary to copy out on two
+Pieces of Parchment.  And then he, the Bishop, sent them to me to carry
+them to the Parishioners to be signed; and directed me at the same time
+to desire some of the parishioners to attend him at his Palace, which was
+on a Sunday Evening; And in their and my Presence he wrote the following
+words at the Bottom of one of the Petitions:
+
+   "I see no objection against the Division of the Parish above
+   mentioned, and hope the Gentlemen, whose Consent is necessary, will
+   agree to it, since the Inhabitants are the best judges, what is for
+   their own Convenience: and it is a matter of very little Concern to
+   any but them.--Jo. BRISTOL."
+
+Likewise when the Fields, which lay contiguous to the intended Church,
+were to be purchased, he went to see them, and then and there declared in
+my hearing, and, as far as I can recollect, in the hearing of several
+persons there present, viz. Messrs. King, Harrison, &c., That he would
+purchase them for the use of the intended Church, as soon as ever Sir
+Abraham Elton, the then Proprietor, could dispose of them.
+
+Also He ordered me, at different times, to bring him a List or Account of
+all the monies advanced, or engaged for: And I always put down his name
+with 400 pounds opposite to it, which he approved of.
+
+Moreover, in the preamble of the Act of Parliament, drawn up by Mr.
+Pearson his Lordship's Secretary, under his Direction, there are these
+words:
+
+   "And the Right Rev. the Lord Bishop of Durham (late of Bristol) for
+   promoting so good a design is disposed and ready to give the sum of
+   400 pounds towards the Endowment of the new intended Vicarage, &c."
+
+Which words in the first copy ran thus, "And the Right Rev. the Lord
+Bishop of Bristol, &c.," He being then Bishop of the See of Bristol; And
+I have heard his Lordship repeat those words in perusing the said Copy.
+
+Farther; upon the Coming of the present Lord Bishop of Bristol to this
+See, He ordered me to draw up a short State of the Case relating to the
+new intended Church, and the Several Expences necessary for completing
+the Design, which Paper was afterwards shown to the Commissioners
+appointed by Act of Parliament for building the said Church, And they
+Requested, That it might be printed.  But before it was sent to the
+press, I transmitted a Copy to the late Lord Bishop of Durham, then in
+London, to know if his Lordship approved of the Publication of it, and
+whether He would please to make any alteration.  His answer was, That he
+saw no need of Alterations, and thought that the Printing and Dispersing
+of it might be of service to the charity.
+
+I then directed Mr. Oliver the Printer to call upon his Lordship for the
+Manuscript, which he did; and after printing the same, He carried fifty
+Copies to his Lordship for his own use; One of which Copies was sent to a
+pious and charitable lady, but whether by his Lordship, or his Secretary,
+I cannot say; The Issue of which was, A Benefaction of 200 pounds sent to
+his Lordship, To be disposed of either for the building or the Endowment
+as his Lordship thought fit.  Now in the printed paper above mentioned,
+there are the following remarkable expressions--
+
+   "The late Lord Bishop of Bristol, now of Durham, and the Right
+   Worshipful the Mayor and Corporation of Bristol, _have contributed_
+   large Sums for carrying the said good Purposes into Execution, &c."
+
+And upon all times and occasions, after he had Purchased the contiguous
+Grounds above mentioned of Sir Abraham Elton for the sum of 375 pounds,
+He used to say, That the purchase was for the use of the new Intended
+Church, and did wish, That some little adjoining Tenement might be found,
+to be purchased with the remaining Sum of 25 pounds in order to make up
+the even money of 400 pounds.
+
+Also when I waited on his Lordship last in London, I was desired by Mr.
+Willoughby, the treasurer for the said Church, to ask his Lordship, How
+he would please to have the rents of the purchased Grounds disposed of,
+as some rents were then become due, viz. whether to be applied towards
+the endowment--or the Building.  And his answer was, That the rents,
+being the Interest of the money allotted for the Charity should be
+applied to the charity, as well as the Principal: But whether towards the
+Endowment or Building He was not yet determined: He believed, the
+Endowment: but would fix his answer, when he came down to Bristol.
+
+And after his coming down, He several times said, that he would give
+orders concerning that affair.
+
+He also sent to me one time to acquaint me, That he had a Benefaction put
+into his hands of 200 pounds (the benefaction above mentioned), And was
+pleased to desire my advice, Whether it should be applied towards the
+Endowment,--or the Building.  My answer was, That as the Building was so
+far advanced, There was not much danger, but that Contributions might be
+raised to finish it,--Either by voluntary Subscriptions,--or a General
+collection round the city,--or by both methods together.  But it would
+not be found so easy a matter to raise Contributions for the Endowment.
+And the Sums hitherto procured were very far from being a Competency for
+a _Resident_ Minister.  I then mentioned his Benefaction of 400 pounds,
+and the 400 pounds from Q. Ann's Bounty, as being a sum which might be
+depended on,--Also the benefaction of 200 pounds in his Lordship's Hands;
+which possibly might obtain 200 pounds more from the Bounty;--So that the
+whole Sum, to be reckoned upon, even with the supposed addition of 200
+pounds from the Bounty, would only amount to 1200 pounds, which at 3 per
+cent., would make an Income of 36 pounds a year.
+
+His Lordship was pleased to approve of this Reasoning upon the Case, and
+said, The 200 pounds should go towards the Endowment: And as his own was
+a bad Life, the Benefaction should be enrolled in the name of Mr.
+Pearson, in order to try to obtain 200 pounds more from Q. Ann's Bounty.
+
+All these particulars I am willing to testify upon Oath.
+
+THE END.
+
+GILBERT AND RIVINGTON, PRINTERS, ST. JOHN'S SQUARE, LONDON.
+
+
+
+
+Footnotes
+
+
+{11} I have been quite unable to decipher the original of this; by the
+letters it seems to make "from offendimtum of Scrupleousness."
+
+
+
+***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SOME REMAINS (HITHERTO UNPUBLISHED)
+OF JOSEPH BUTLER, LL.D.***
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