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Project Gutenberg's Ballads of Scottish Tradition and Romance, by Various

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Title: Ballads of Scottish Tradition and Romance
       Popular Ballads of the Olden Times - Third Series

Author: Various

Editor: Frank Sidgwick

Release Date: February 19, 2007 [EBook #20624]

Language: English

Character set encoding: ASCII

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_Uniform with this Volume_

POPULAR BALLADS OF THE OLDEN TIME

+First Series.+ Ballads of Romance and Chivalry.

'It forms an excellent introduction to a sadly neglected source of
poetry.... We ... hope that it will receive ample encouragement.'
--_Athenaeum._

'It will certainly, if carried out as it is begun, constitute a boon to
the lover of poetry.... We shall look with anxiety for the following
volumes of what will surely be the best popular edition in existence.'
--_Notes and Queries._

'There can be nothing but praise for the selection, editing, and notes,
which are all excellent and adequate. It is, in fine, a valuable volume
of what bids fair to be a very valuable series.' --_Academy._

'The most serviceable edition of the ballads yet published in England.'
--_Manchester Guardian._


+Second Series.+ Ballads of Mystery and Miracle and Fyttes of Mirth.

'Even more interesting than the first.' --_Athenaeum._

'The augmenting series will prove an inestimable boon.' --_Notes and
Queries._

'It includes many beautiful and well-known ballads, and no pains have
been spared by the editor in producing them, so far as may be, in their
entirety.' --_World._

'The second volume ... carries out the promise of the first.... Even
after Professor Kittredge's compressed edition of Child, ... Mr.
Sidgwick's work abundantly justifies its existence.' --_Manchester
Guardian._

  [The "First Series" is available from Project Gutenberg as e-text
  #20469. The "Second Series" is in preparation as of February 2007.]




  POPULAR BALLADS
  OF THE OLDEN TIME
  SELECTED AND EDITED
  BY FRANK SIDGWICK

  Third Series. Ballads of
  Scottish Tradition and
  Romance

  'I wadna gi'e ae wheeple of a whaup
  for a' the nichtingales in England.'




  A. H. BULLEN
  47 Great Russell Street
  London. MCMVI




  'It is impossible that anything should be universally tasted and
  approved by a Multitude, tho' they are only the Rabble of a Nation,
  which hath not in it some peculiar Aptness to please and gratify the
  Mind of Man.'

      Addison.




CONTENTS
                                                          PAGE

  Map to illustrate Border Ballads               _Frontispiece_
  Preface                                                  vii
  Ballads in the Third Series                               ix

  The Hunting of the Cheviot                                 1
  The Battle of Otterburn                                   16
  Johnie Armstrong                                          30
  The Braes of Yarrow                                       34
  The Twa Brothers                                          37
  The Outlyer Bold                                          40
  Mary Hamilton                                             44
  Kinmont Willie                                            49
  The Laird o' Logie                                        58
  Captain Car                                               62
  Sir Patrick Spence                                        68
  Flodden Field                                             71
  Dick o' the Cow                                           75
  Sir Hugh in the Grime's Downfall                          89
  The Death of Parcy Reed                                   93
  Bewick and Grahame                                       101
  The Fire of Frendraught                                  112
  Geordie                                                  118
  The Baron of Brackley                                    122
  The Gipsy Laddie                                         129
  Bessy Bell and Mary Gray                                 133
  Sir James the Rose                                       135
  Clyde's Water                                            140
  Katharine Jaffray                                        145
  Lizie Lindsay                                            148
  The Gardener                                             153
  John o' the Side                                         156
  Jamie Douglas                                            164
    Waly, waly gin love be bonny                           168
  The Heir of Linne                                        170
  Earl Bothwell                                            177
  Durham Field                                             181
  The Battle of Harlaw                                     194
  The Laird of Knottington                                 200
  The Whummil Bore                                         204
  Lord Maxwell's Last Goodnight                            206

  Appendix--
    the Jolly Juggler                                      211
  Index of Titles                                          217
  Index of First Lines                                     219




PREFACE


Although a certain number of the ballads in this volume belong to
England as much as to Scotland, the greater number are so intimately
connected with Scottish history and tradition, that it would have been
rash (to say the least) for a Southron to have ventured across the
border unaided. It is therefore more than a pleasure to record my thanks
to my friend Mr. A. Francis Steuart of Edinburgh, to whom I have
submitted the proofs of these ballads. His extensive and peculiar
knowledge of Scottish history and genealogy has been of the greatest
service throughout.

I must also thank Mr. C. G. Tennant for assistance with the map given as
frontispiece; and my unknown friend, Messrs. Constable's reader, has
supplied valuable help in detail.

My self-imposed scheme of classification by subject-matter becomes no
easier as the end of my task approaches. The Fourth Series will consist
mainly of ballads of Robin Hood and other outlaws, including a few
pirates. The projected class of 'Sea Ballads' has thus been split; _Sir
Patrick Spence_, for example, appears in this volume. A few ballads defy
classification, and will have to appear, if at all, in a miscellaneous
section.

The labour of reducing to modern spelling several ballads from the
seventeenth-century orthography of the Percy Folio is compensated,
I hope, by the quaint and spirited result. These lively ballads are now
presented for the first time in this popular form.

In _The Jolly Juggler_, given in the Appendix, I claim to have
discovered a new ballad, which has not yet been treated as such, though
I make bold to think Professor Child would have included it in his
collection had he known of it. I trust that the publicity thus given to
it will attract the attention of experts more competent than myself to
annotate and illustrate it as it deserves.

    F. S.




BALLADS IN THE THIRD SERIES


I have hesitated to use the term 'historical' in choosing a general
title for the ballads in this volume, although, if the word can be
applied to any popular ballads, it would be applied with most
justification to a large number of these ballads of Scottish and Border
tradition. 'Some ballads are historical, or at least are founded on
actual occurrences. In such cases, we have a manifest point of departure
for our chronological investigation. The ballad is likely to have sprung
up shortly after the event, and to represent the common rumo[u]r of the
time. Accuracy is not to be expected, and indeed too great historical
fidelity in detail is rather a ground of suspicion than a certificate
of the genuinely popular character of the piece.... Two cautionary
observations are necessary. Since history repeats itself, the
possibility and even the probability must be entertained that every now
and then a ballad which had been in circulation for some time was
adapted to the circumstances of a recent occurrence, and has come down
to us only in such an adaptation. It is also far from improbable that
many ballads which appear to have no definite localization or historical
antecedents may be founded on fact, since one of the marked tendencies
of popular narrative poetry is to alter or eliminate specific names of
persons and places in the course of oral tradition.'[1]

    [Footnote 1: Introduction (p. xvi) to _English and Scottish Popular
    Ballads, edited from the Collection of Francis James Child, by Helen
    Child Sargent and George Lyman Kittredge_, 1905. This admirable
    condensation of Child's five volumes, issued since my Second Series,
    is enhanced by Professor Kittredge's _Introduction_, the best
    possible substitute for the gap left in the larger book by the
    death of Child before the completion of his task.]

Warned by these wise words, we may, perhaps, select the following
ballads from the present volume as 'historical, or at least founded on
actual occurrences.'

(i) This section, which we may call 'Historical,' includes _The Hunting
of the Cheviot_, _The Battle of Otterburn_, _Mary Hamilton_, _The Laird
o' Logie_, _Captain Car_, _Flodden Field_, _The Fire of Frendraught_,
_Bessy Bell and Mary Gray_, _Jamie Douglas_, _Earl Bothwell_, _Durham
Field_, _The Battle of Harlaw_, and _Lord Maxwell's Last Goodnight_.
Probably we should add _The Death of Parcy Reed_; possibly _Geordie_ and
_The Gipsy Laddie_. More doubtful still is _Sir Patrick Spence_; and
_The Baron of Brackley_ confuses two historical events.

(ii) From the above section I have eliminated those which may be
separately classified as 'Border Ballads.' _Sir Hugh in the Grime's
Downfall_ seems to have some historical foundation, but _Bewick and
Grahame_ has none. A sub-section of 'Armstrong Ballads' forms a good
quartet; _Johnie Armstrong_, _Kinmont Willie_, _Dick o' the Cow_, and
_John o' the Side_.

(iii) In the purely 'Romantic' class we may place _The Braes of Yarrow_,
_The Twa Brothers_, _The Outlyer Bold_, _Clyde's Water_, _Katharine
Jaffray_, _Lizie Lindsay_, _The Heir of Linne_, and _The Laird of
Knottington_.

(iv) There remain a lyrical ballad, _The Gardener_; a song, _Waly, waly,
gin love be bonny_; and the nondescript _Whummil Bore_. The Appendix
contains a ballad, _The Jolly Juggler_, which would have come more
fittingly in the First Series, had I known of it in time.

In the general arrangement, however, the above classes have been mixed,
in order that the reader may browse as he pleases.


I

A comparison of the first two ballads in this volume will show the
latitude with which it is possible for an historical incident to be
treated by tradition. The Battle of Otterburn was fought in 1388; but
our two versions belong to the middle of the sixteenth century. The
English _Battle of Otterburn_ is the more faithful to history, and
refers (35.2) to 'the cronykle' as authority. _The Hunting of the
Cheviot_ was in the repertory of Richard Sheale (see First Series,
_Introduction_, xxvii), who ends his version in the regular manner
traditional amongst minstrels. Also, we have the broadside _Chevy
Chase_, which well illustrates the degradation of a ballad in the hands
of the hack-writers; this may be seen in many collections of ballads.

_Mary Hamilton_ has a very curious literary history. If, _pendente
lite_, we may assume the facts to be as suggested, pp. 44-46, it
illustrates admirably Professor Kittredge's warning, quoted above, that
ballads already in circulation may be adapted to the circumstances of a
recent occurrence. But the incidents--betrayal, child-murder, and
consequent execution--cannot have been uncommon in courts, at least in
days of old; and it is quite probable that an early story was adapted,
first to the incident of 1563, and again to the Russian story of 1718.
Perhaps we may remark in passing that it is a pity that so repugnant a
story should be attached to a ballad containing such beautiful stanzas
as the last four.

_Captain Car_ is an English ballad almost contemporary with the Scottish
incident which it records; and, from the fact of its including a popular
burden, we may presume it was adapted to the tune. _Bessy Bell and Mary
Gray_, which records a piece of Scottish news of no importance whatever,
has become an English nursery rhyme. In _Jamie Douglas_ an historical
fact has been interwoven with a beautiful lyric. Indeed, the chances of
corruption and contamination are infinite.


II

The long pathetic ballad of _Bewick and Grahame_ is a link between the
romantic ballads and the ballads of the Border, _Sir Hugh in the Grime's
Downfall_ connecting the Border ballads with the 'historical' ballads.
The four splendid 'Armstrong ballads' also are mainly 'historical,'
though _Dick o' the Cow_ requires further elucidation. _Kinmont Willie_
is under suspicion of being the work of Sir Walter Scott, who alone of
all ballad-editors, perhaps, could have compiled a ballad good enough to
deceive posterity. We cannot doubt the excellence of _Kinmont Willie_;
but it would be tedious, as well as unprofitable, to collect the hundred
details of manner, choice of words, and expression, which discredit the
authenticity of the ballad.

_John o' the Side_ has not, I believe, been presented to readers in its
present shape before. It is one of the few instances in which the
English version of a ballad is better than the Scottish.


III

_The Braes o' Yarrow_ is a good example of the Scottish lyrical ballad,
the continued rhyme being very effective. _The Twa Brothers_ has become
a game, and _Lizie Lindsay_ a song. _The Outlyer Bold_ is a title I have
been forced to give to a version of the ballad best known as _The Bonnie
Banks o' Fordie_; this, it is true, might have come more aptly in the
First Series. So also _Katharine Jaffray_, which enlarges the lesson
taught in _The Cruel Brother_ (First Series, p. 76), and adds one of its
own.

_The Heir of Linne_ is another of the naive, delightful ballads from the
Percy Folio, and in general style may be compared with _The Lord of
Learne_ in the Second Series (p. 182).


IV

Little is to be said of _The Gardener_ or _The Whummil Bore_, the former
being almost a lyric, and the latter presumably a fragment. _Waly,
waly_, is not a ballad at all, and is only included because it has
become confused with _Jamie Douglas_.

_The Jolly Juggler_ seems to be a discovery, and I commend it to the
notice of those better qualified to deal with it. The curious fifth line
added to each verse may be the work of some minstrel--a humorous
addition to, or comment upon, the foregoing stanza. Certain Danish
ballads exhibit this peculiarity, but I cannot find any Danish
counterpart to the ballad in Prior's three volumes.




THE HUNTING OF THE CHEVIOT


+The Text+ here given is that of a MS. in the Bodleian Library (Ashmole
48) of about the latter half of the sixteenth century. It was printed by
Hearne, and by Percy in the _Reliques_, and the whole MS. was edited by
Thomas Wright for the Roxburghe Club in 1860. In this MS. _The Hunting
of the Cheviot_ is No. viii., and is subscribed 'Expliceth, quod Rychard
Sheale.' Sheale is known to have been a minstrel of Tamworth, and it
would appear that much of this MS. (including certain poems, no doubt
his own) is in his handwriting--probably the book belonged to him. But
the supposition that he was author of the _Hunting of the Cheviot_,
Child dismisses as 'preposterous in the extreme.'

The other version, far better known as _Chevy Chase_, is that of the
Percy Folio, published in the _Reliques_, and among the Pepys, Douce,
Roxburghe, and Bagford collections of ballads. For the sake of
differentiation this may be called the broadside form of the ballad, as
it forms a striking example of the impairment of a traditional ballad
when re-written for the broadside press. Doubtless it is the one known
and commented on by Addison in his famous papers (Nos. 70 and 74) in the
_Spectator_ (1711), but it is not the one referred to by Sir Philip
Sidney in his _Apologie_. Professor Child doubts if Sidney's ballad,
'being so evill apparelled in the dust and cobwebbes of that uncivill
age,' is the traditional one here printed, which is scarcely the product
of an uncivil age; more probably Sidney had heard it in a rough and
ancient form, 'sung,' as he says, 'but by some blind crouder, with no
rougher voyce than rude stile.' 'The Hunttis of the Chevet' is mentioned
as one of the 'sangis of natural music of the antiquite' sung by the
shepherds in _The Complaynt of Scotland_, a book assigned to 1549.


+The Story.+--The _Hunting of the Cheviot_ is a later version of the
_Battle of Otterburn_, and a less conscientious account thereof.
Attempts have been made to identify the _Hunting_ with the Battle of
Piperden (or Pepperden) fought in 1436 between a Percy and a Douglas.
But the present ballad is rather an unauthenticated account of an
historical event, which made a great impression on the public mind. Of
that, its unfailing popularity on both sides of the Border, its constant
appearance in broadside form, and its inclusion in every ballad-book,
give the best witness.

The notable deed of Witherington (stanza 54) has many parallels. All
will remember the warrior who

  '... when his legs were smitten off
  He fought upon his stumps.'

Tradition tells an identical story of 'fair maiden Lilliard' at the
Battle of Ancrum Muir in 1545. Seneca mentions the feat. It occurs in
the Percy Folio, Sir Graysteel (in _Eger and Grine_) fighting on one
leg. Johnie Armstrong and Sir Andrew Barton both retire to 'bleed
awhile' after being transfixed through the body. Finally, in an early
saga, King Starkathr (Starkad) fights on after his head is cut off.


THE HUNTING OF THE CHEVIOT

  1.
  The Perse owt off Northombarlonde,
    and avowe to God mayd he
  That he wold hunte in the mowntayns
    off Chyviat within days thre,
  In the magger of doughte Dogles,
    and all that ever with him be.

  2.
  The fattiste hartes in all Cheviat
    he sayd he wold kyll, and cary them away:
  'Be my feth,' sayd the dougheti Doglas agayn,
    'I wyll let that hontyng yf that I may.'

  3.
  Then the Perse owt off Banborowe cam,
    with him a myghtee meany,
  With fifteen hondrith archares bold off blood and bone;
    the wear chosen owt of shyars thre.

  4.
  This begane on a Monday at morn,
    in Cheviat the hillys so he;
  The chylde may rue that ys vn-born,
    it wos the mor pitte.

  5.
  The dryvars thorowe the woodes went,
    for to reas the dear;
  Bomen byckarte vppone the bent
    with ther browd aros cleare.

  6.
  Then the wyld thorowe the woodes went,
    on every syde shear;
  Greahondes thorowe the grevis glent,
    for to kyll thear dear.

  7.
  This begane in Chyviat the hyls abone,
    yerly on a Monnyn-day;
  Be that it drewe to the oware off none,
    a hondrith fat hartes ded ther lay.

  8.
  The blewe a mort vppone the bent,
    the semblyde on sydis shear;
  To the quyrry then the Perse went,
    to se the bryttlynge off the deare.

  9.
  He sayd, 'It was the Duglas promys
    this day to met me hear;
  But I wyste he wolde faylle, verament;'
    a great oth the Perse swear.

  10.
  At the laste a squyar off Northomberlonde
    lokyde at his hand full ny;
  He was war a the doughetie Doglas commynge,
    with him a myghtte meany.

  11.
  Both with spear, bylle, and brande,
    yt was a myghtti sight to se;
  Hardyar men, both off hart nor hande,
    wear not in Cristiante.

  12.
  The wear twenti hondrith spear-men good,
    withoute any feale;
  The wear borne along be the watter a Twyde,
    yth bowndes of Tividale.

  13.
  'Leave of the brytlyng of the dear,' he sayd,
    'and to your boys lock ye tayk good hede;
  For never sithe ye wear on your mothars borne
    had ye never so mickle nede.'

  14.
  The dougheti Dogglas on a stede,
    he rode alle his men beforne;
  His armor glytteryde as dyd a glede;
    a boldar barne was never born.

  15.
  'Tell me whos men ye ar,' he says,
    'or whos men that ye be:
  Who gave youe leave to hunte in this Chyviat chays,
    in the spyt of myn and of me.'

  16.
  The first mane that ever him an answear mayd,
    yt was the good lord Perse:
  'We wyll not tell the whoys men we ar,' he says,
    'nor whos men that we be;
  But we wyll hounte hear in this chays,
    in the spyt of thyne and of the.

  17.
  'The fattiste hartes in all Chyviat
    we have kyld, and cast to carry them away:'
  'Be my troth,' sayd the doughete Dogglas agayn,
    'therfor the ton of us shall de this day.'

  18.
  Then sayd the doughte Doglas
    unto the lord Perse:
  'To kyll alle thes giltles men,
    alas, it wear great pitte!

  19.
  'But, Perse, thowe art a lord of lande,
    I am a yerle callyd within my contre;
  Let all our men vppone a parti stande,
    and do the battell off the and of me.'

  20.
  'Nowe Cristes cors on his crowne,' sayd the lord Perse,
    'who-so-ever ther-to says nay!
  Be my troth, doughtte Doglas,' he says,
    'thow shalt never se that day.

  21.
  'Nethar in Ynglonde, Skottlonde, nar France,
    nor for no man of a woman born,
  But, and fortune be my chance,
    I dar met him, on man for on.'

  22.
  Then bespayke a squyar off Northombarlonde,
    Richard Wytharyngton was his nam:
  'It shall never be told in Sothe-Ynglonde,' he says,
    'to Kyng Herry the Fourth for sham.

  23.
  'I wat youe byn great lordes twaw,
    I am a poor squyar of lande:
  I wylle never se my captayne fyght on a fylde,
    and stande my selffe and loocke on,
  But whylle I may my weppone welde,
    I wylle not fayle both hart and hande.'

  24.
  That day, that day, that dredfull day!
    the first fit here I fynde;
  And youe wyll here any mor a the hountyng a the Chyviat,
    yet ys ther mor behynde.

    ...   ...   ...

  25.
  The Yngglyshe men hade ther bowys yebent,
    ther hartes wer good yenoughe;
  The first off arros that the shote off,
    seven skore spear-men the sloughe.

  26.
  Yet byddys the yerle Doglas vppon the bent,
    a captayne good yenoughe,
  And that was sene verament,
    for he wrought hom both woo and wouche.

  27.
  The Dogglas partyd his ost in thre,
    lyk a cheffe cheften off pryde;
  With suar spears off myghtte tre,
    the cum in on every syde:

  28.
  Thrughe our Yngglyshe archery
    gave many a wounde fulle wyde;
  Many a doughete the garde to dy,
    which ganyde them no pryde.

  29.
  The Ynglyshe men let ther boys be,
    and pulde owt brandes that wer brighte;
  It was a hevy syght to se
    bryght swordes on basnites lyght.

  30.
  Thorowe ryche male and myneyeple,
    many sterne the strocke done streght;
  Many a freyke that was fulle fre,
    ther undar foot dyd lyght.

  31.
  At last the Duglas and the Perse met,
    lyk to captayns of myght and of mayne;
  The swapte togethar tylle the both swat
    with swordes that wear of fyn myllan.

  32.
  Thes worthe freckys for to fyght,
    ther-to the wear fulle fayne,
  Tylle the bloode owte off thear basnetes sprente,
    as ever dyd heal or rayn.

  33.
  'Yelde the, Perse,' sayde the Doglas,
    'and i feth I shalle the brynge
  Wher thowe shalte have a yerls wagis
    of Jamy our Skottish kynge.

  34.
  'Thou shalte have thy ransom fre,
    I hight the hear this thinge;
  For the manfullyste man yet art thowe
    that ever I conqueryd in filde fighttynge.'

  35.
  'Nay,' sayd the lord Perse,
    'I tolde it the beforne,
  That I wolde never yeldyde be
    to no man of a woman born.'

  36.
  With that ther cam an arrowe hastely,
    forthe off a myghtte wane;
  Hit hathe strekene the yerle Duglas
    in at the brest-bane.

  37.
  Thorowe lyvar and longes bathe
    the sharpe arrowe ys gane,
  That never after in all his lyffe-days
    he spayke mo wordes but ane:
  That was, 'Fyghte ye, my myrry men, whyllys ye may,
    for my lyff-days ben gan.'

  38.
  The Perse leanyde on his brande,
    and sawe the Duglas de;
  He tooke the dede mane by the hande,
    and sayd, 'Wo ys me for the!

  39.
  'To have savyde thy lyffe, I wolde have partyde with
    my landes for years thre,
  For a better man, of hart nare of hande,
    was nat in all the north contre.'

  40.
  Off all that se a Skottishe knyght,
    was callyd Ser Hewe the Monggombyrry;
  He sawe the Duglas to the deth was dyght,
    he spendyd a spear, a trusti tre.

  41.
  He rod uppone a corsiare
    throughe a hondrith archery:
  He never stynttyde, nar never blane,
    tylle he cam to the good lord Perse.

  42.
  He set uppone the lorde Perse
    a dynte that was full soare;
  With a suar spear of a myghtte tre
    clean thorow the body he the Perse ber,

  43.
  A the tothar syde that a man myght se
    a large cloth-yard and mare:
  Towe bettar captayns wear nat in Cristiante
    then that day slan wear ther.

  44.
  An archar off Northomberlonde
    say slean was the lord Perse;
  He bar a bende bowe in his hand,
    was made off trusti tre.

  45.
  An arow, that a cloth-yarde was lang,
    to the harde stele halyde he;
  A dynt that was both sad and soar
    he sat on Ser Hewe the Monggombyrry.

  46.
  The dynt yt was both sad and sar,
    that he of Monggomberry sete;
  The swane-fethars that his arrowe bar
    with his hart-blood the wear wete.

  47.
  Ther was never a freake wone foot wolde fle,
    but still in stour dyd stand,
  Heawyng on yche othar, whylle the myghte dre,
    with many a balfull brande.

  48.
  This battell begane in Chyviat
    an owar befor the none.
  And when even-songe bell was rang,
    the battell was nat half done.

  49.
  The tocke ... on ethar hande
    be the lyght off the mone;
  Many hade no strenght for to stande,
    in Chyviat the hillys abon.

  50.
  Of fifteen hondrith archars of Ynglonde
    went away but seventi and thre;
  Of twenti hondrith spear-men of Skotlonde,
    but even five and fifti.

  51.
  But all wear slayne Cheviat within;
    the hade no strengthe to stand on hy;
  The chylde may rue that ys unborne,
    it was the mor pitte.

  52.
  Thear was slayne, withe the lord Perse,
    Sir Johan of Agerstone,
  Ser Rogar, the hinde Hartly,
    Ser Wyllyam, the bolde Hearone.

  53.
  Ser Jorg, the worthe Loumle,
    a knyghte of great renowen,
  Ser Raff, the ryche Rugbe,
    with dyntes wear beaten dowene.

  54.
  For Wetharryngton my harte was wo,
    that ever he slayne shulde be;
  For when both his leggis wear hewyne in to,
    yet he knyled and fought on hys kny.

  55.
  Ther was slayne, with the dougheti Duglas,
    Ser Hewe the Monggombyrry,
  Ser Davy Lwdale, that worthe was,
    his sistar's son was he.

  56.
  Ser Charls a Murre in that place,
    that never a foot wolde fle;
  Ser Hewe Maxwelle, a lorde he was,
    with the Doglas dyd he dey.

  57.
  So on the morrowe the mayde them byears
    off birch and hasell so gray;
  Many wedous, with wepyng tears,
    cam to fache ther makys away.

  58.
  Tivydale may carpe off care,
    Northombarlond may mayk great mon,
  For towe such captayns as slayne wear thear
    on the March-parti shall never be non.

  59.
  Word ys commen to Eddenburrowe,
    to Jamy the Skottishe kynge,
  That dougheti Duglas, lyff-tenant of the Marches,
    he lay slean Chyviot within.

  60.
  His handdes dyd he weal and wryng,
    he sayd, 'Alas, and woe ys me!
  Such an othar captayn Skotland within,'
    he seyd, 'ye-feth shuld never be.'

  61.
  Worde ys commyn to lovly Londone,
    till the fourth Harry our kynge,
  That lord Perse, leyff-tenante of the Marchis,
    he lay slayne Chyviat within.

  62.
  'God have merci on his solle,' sayde Kyng Harry,
    'good lord, yf thy will it be!
  I have a hondrith captayns in Ynglonde,' he sayd,
    'as good as ever was he:
  But, Perse, and I brook my lyffe,
    thy deth well quyte shall be.'

  63.
  As our noble kynge mayd his avowe,
    lyke a noble prince of renowen,
  For the deth of the lord Perse
    he dyde the battell of Hombyll-down;

  64.
  Wher syx and thritte Skottishe knyghtes
    on a day wear beaten down:
  Glendale glytteryde on ther armor bryght,
    over castille, towar, and town.

  65.
  This was the hontynge off the Cheviat,
    that tear begane this spurn;
  Old men that knowen the grownde well yenoughe
    call it the battell of Otterburn.

  66.
  At Otterburn begane this spurne
    uppone a Monnynday;
  Ther was the doughte Doglas slean,
    the Perse never went away.

  67.
  Ther was never a tym on the Marche-partes
    sen the Doglas and the Perse met,
  But yt ys mervele and the rede blude ronne not,
    as the reane doys in the stret.

  68.
  Ihesue Crist our balys bete,
    and to the blys vs brynge!
  Thus was the hountynge of the Chivyat:
    God send vs alle good endyng!


  [Annotations:
  1.5: 'magger' = maugre; _i.e._ in spite of.
  2.4: 'let,' hinder.
  3.2: 'meany,' band, company.
  3.4: 'the' = they; so constantly, 'shyars thre'; the districts
    (still called shires) of Holy Island, Norham, and Bamborough.
  5.3: 'byckarte,' _i.e._ bickered, attacked the deer.
  6.1: 'wyld,' deer.
  6.3: _i.e._ through the groves darted.
  7.3: 'oware,' hour.
  8.1: 'mort,' note of the bugle.
  8.4: 'bryttlynge,' cutting up.
  10.2: shaded his eyes with his hand.
  12.2: 'feale,' fail.
  12.4: 'yth,' in the.
  13.2: 'boys,' bows.
  14.3: 'glede,' glowing coal.
  17.4: 'the ton,' one or other.
  20.1: 'cors,' curse.
  21.4: 'on,' one.
  24.3: 'And,' If.
  25.4: 'sloughe,' slew.
  26.4: 'wouche,' evil.
  29.4: 'basnites,' light helmets or skull-caps.
  30.1: 'myneyeple,' = manople, a kind of long gauntlet.
  30.3: 'freyke,' man. So 32.1, 47.1, etc.
  31.4: 'myllan,' Milan steel. Cp. 'collayne,' _Battle of Otterburn_,
    54.4
  36.2: 'wane.' One arrow out of a large number.--Skeat.
  38.3: Addison compared (Vergil, _Aen._ x. 823):--
    'Ingemuit miserans graviter dextramque tetendit,' etc.
  41.3: 'blane,' lingered.
  44.2: 'say,' saw.
  45.2: _i.e._ till the point reached the wood of the bow.
  47.3: 'whylle the myghte dre' = while they might dree, as long as
    they could hold.
  53.1: 'Loumle,' Lumley; previously printed Louele (= Lovel).
  57.4: 'makys,' mates, husbands.
  58.4: 'March-parti,' the Border; so 'the Marches,' 59.3
  60.1: 'weal,' clench(?).
  63.4: The battle of Homildon Hill, near Wooler, Northumberland,
    was fought in 1402. See 1 _King Henry IV._, Act I. sc. i.
  65.2: 'spurn' = kick(?): Child suggests the reading:--'That ear
    [= e'er] began this spurn!' as a lament. But the whole meaning
    is doubtful.
  67.4: as the rain does.
  68.1: 'our balys bete,' our misfortunes relieve.]




THE BATTLE OF OTTERBURN


+The Text+ is given mainly from the Cotton MS., Cleopatra C. iv.
(_circa_ 1550). It was printed by Percy in the fourth edition of the
_Reliques_; in the first edition he gave it from Harleian MS. 293, which
text also is made use of here. A separate Scottish ballad was popular at
least as early as 1549, and arguments to prove that it was derived from
the English ballad are as inconclusive as those which seek to prove the
opposite.


+The Story.+--The battle of Otterburn was fought on Wednesday, August
19, 1388. The whole story is given elaborately by Froissart, in his
usual lively style, but is far too long to be inserted here. It may,
however, be condensed as follows.

The great northern families of Neville and Percy being at variance owing
to the quarrels of Richard II. with his uncles, the Scots took the
advantage of preparing a raid into England. Earl Percy, hearing of this,
collected the Northumbrian powers; and, unable to withstand the force of
the Scots, determined to make a counter-raid on the east or west of the
border, according as the Scots should cross. The latter, hearing of the
plan through a spy, foiled it by dividing their army into two parts, the
main body under Archibald Douglas being directed to Carlisle. Three or
four hundred picked men-at-arms, with two thousand archers and others,
under James, Earl of Douglas, Earl of March and Dunbar, and the Earl of
Murray, were to aim at Newcastle, and burn and ravage the bishopric of
Durham. With the latter alone we are now concerned.

With his small army the Earl of Douglas passed rapidly through
Northumberland, crossed the Tyne near Brancepeth, wasted the country as
far as the gates of Durham, and returned to Newcastle as rapidly as they
had advanced. Several skirmishes took place at the barriers of the town:
and in one of these Sir Henry Percy (Hotspur) was personally opposed to
Douglas. After an obstinate struggle the Earl won the pennon of the
English leader, and boasted that he would carry it to Scotland, and set
it high on his castle of Dalkeith. 'That,' cried Hotspur, 'no Douglas
shall ever do, and ere you leave Northumberland you shall have small
cause to boast.' 'Your pennon,' answered Douglas, 'shall this night be
placed before my tent; come and win it if you can.' But the Scots were
suffered to retreat without any hostile attempts on the part of the
English, and accordingly, after destroying the tower of Ponteland, they
came on the second day to the castle of Otterburn, situated in
Redesdale, about thirty-two miles from Newcastle. The rest may be read
in the ballad.

'Of all the battayles,' says Froissart, 'that I have made mention of
here before, in all thys hystorye, great or small, thys battayle was one
of the sorest, and best foughten, without cowards or faint hertes: for
ther was nother knyght nor squyre but that dyde hys devoyre, and fought
hand to hand.'


THE BATTLE OF OTTERBURN

  1.
  Yt fell abowght the Lamasse tyde,
    Whan husbondes Wynnes ther haye,
  The dowghtye Dowglasse bowynd hym to ryde,
    In Ynglond to take a praye.

  2.
  The yerlle of Fyffe, wythowghten stryffe,
    He bowynd hym over Sulway;
  The grete wolde ever to-gether ryde;
    That raysse they may rewe for aye.

  3.
  Over Hoppertope hyll they cam in,
    And so down by Rodclyffe crage;
  Vpon Grene Lynton they lyghted dowyn,
    Styrande many a stage.

  4.
  And boldely brente Northomberlond,
    And haryed many a towyn;
  They dyd owr Ynglyssh men grete wrange,
    To battell that were not bowyn.

  5.
  Than spake a berne vpon the bent,
    Of comforte that was not colde,
  And sayd, 'We have brente Northomberlond,
    We have all welth in holde.

  6.
  'Now we have haryed all Bamborowe schyre,
    All the welth in the world have wee;
  I rede we ryde to Newe Castell,
    So styll and stalworthlye.'

  7.
  Vpon the morowe, when it was day,
    The standerds schone full bryght;
  To the Newe Castell the toke the waye,
    And thether they cam full ryght.

  8.
  Syr Henry Perssy laye at the New Castell,
    I tell yow wythowtten drede;
  He had byn a march-man all hys dayes,
    And kepte Barwyke upon Twede.

  9.
  To the Newe Castell when they cam,
    The Skottes they cryde on hyght,
  'Syr Hary Perssy, and thow byste within,
    Com to the fylde, and fyght.

  10.
  'For we have brente Northomberlonde,
    Thy erytage good and ryght,
  And syne my logeyng I have take,
    Wyth my brande dubbyd many a knyght.'

  11.
  Syr Harry Perssy cam to the walles,
    The Skottyssch oste for to se,
  And sayd, 'And thow hast brente Northomberlond,
    Full sore it rewyth me.

  12.
  'Yf thou hast haryed all Bamborowe schyre,
    Thow hast done me grete envye;
  For the trespasse thow hast me done,
    The tone of vs schall dye.'

  13.
  'Where schall I byde the?' sayd the Dowglas,
    'Or where wylte thow com to me?'
  'At Otterborne, in the hygh way,
    Ther mast thow well logeed be.

  14.
  'The roo full rekeles ther sche rinnes,
    To make the game and glee;
  The fawken and the fesaunt both,
    Amonge the holtes on hye.

  15.
  'Ther mast thow haue thy welth at wyll,
    Well looged ther mast be;
  Yt schall not be long or I com the tyll,'
    Sayd Syr Harry Perssye.

  16.
  'Ther schall I byde the,' sayd the Dowglas,
    'By the fayth of my bodye':
  'Thether schall I com,' sayd Syr Harry Perssy,
    'My trowth I plyght to the.'

  17.
  A pype of wyne he gaue them over the walles,
    For soth as I yow saye;
  Ther he mayd the Dowglasse drynke,
    And all hys ost that daye.

  18.
  The Dowglas turnyd hym homewarde agayne,
    For soth withowghten naye;
  He toke his logeyng at Oterborne,
    Vpon a Wedynsday.

  19.
  And ther he pyght hys standerd dowyn,
    Hys gettyng more and lesse,
  And syne he warned hys men to goo
    To chose ther geldynges gresse.

  20.
  A Skottysshe knyght hoved vpon the bent,
    A wache I dare well saye;
  So was he ware on the noble Perssy
    In the dawnyng of the daye.

  21.
  He prycked to hys pavyleon-dore,
    As faste as he myght ronne;
  'Awaken, Dowglas,' cryed the knyght,
    'For hys love that syttes in trone.

  22.
  'Awaken, Dowglas,' cryed the knyght,
    'For thow maste waken wyth wynne;
  Yender haue I spyed the prowde Perssye,
    And seven stondardes wyth hym.'

  23.
  'Nay by my trowth,' the Dowglas sayed,
    'It ys but a fayned taylle;
  He durst not loke on my brede banner
    For all Ynglonde so haylle.

  24.
  'Was I not yesterdaye at the Newe Castell,
    That stondes so fayre on Tyne?
  For all the men the Perssy had,
    He coude not garre me ones to dyne.'

  25.
  He stepped owt at his pavelyon-dore,
    To loke and it were lesse:
  'Araye yow, lordynges, one and all,
    For here begynnes no peysse.

  26.
  'The yerle of Mentaye, thow arte my eme,
    The fowarde I gyve to the:
  The yerlle of Huntlay, cawte and kene,
    He schall be wyth the.

  27.
  'The lorde of Bowghan, in armure bryght,
    On the other hand he schall be;
  Lord Jhonstoune and Lorde Maxwell,
    They to schall be with me.

  28.
  'Swynton, fayre fylde vpon your pryde!
    To batell make yow bowen
  Syr Davy Skotte, Syr Water Stewarde,
    Syr Jhon of Agurstone!'

  29.
  The Perssy cam byfore hys oste,
    Wych was ever a gentyll knyght;
  Vpon the Dowglas lowde can he crye,
    'I wyll holde that I haue hyght.

  30.
  'For thou haste brente Northomberlonde,
    And done me grete envye;
  For thys trespasse thou hast me done,
    The tone of vs schall dye.'

  31.
  The Dowglas answerde hym agayne,
    Wyth grett wurdes vpon hye,
  And sayd, 'I have twenty agaynst thy one,
    Byholde, and thou maste see.'

  32.
  Wyth that the Perssy was grevyd sore,
    For soth as I yow saye:
  He lyghted dowyn vpon his foote,
    And schoote hys horsse clene awaye.

  33.
  Every man sawe that he dyd soo,
    That ryall was ever in rowght;
  Every man schoote hys horsse hym froo,
    And lyght hym rowynde abowght.

  34.
  Thus Syr Hary Perssye toke the fylde,
    For soth as I yow saye;
  Jhesu Cryste in hevyn on hyght
    Dyd helpe hym well that daye.

  35.
  But nyne thowzand, ther was no moo,
    The cronykle wyll not layne;
  Forty thowsande of Skottes and fowre
    That day fowght them agayne.

  36.
  But when the batell byganne to joyne,
    In hast ther cam a knyght;
  The letters fayre furth hath he tayne,
    And thus he sayd full ryght:

  37.
  'My lorde your father he gretes yow well,
    Wyth many a noble knyght;
  He desyres yow to byde
    That he may see thys fyght.

  38.
  'The Baron of Grastoke ys com out of the west,
    With hym a noble companye;
  All they loge at your fathers thys nyght,
    And the batell fayne wolde they see.'

  39.
  'For Jhesus love,' sayd Syr Harye Perssy,
    'That dyed for yow and me,
  Wende to my lorde my father agayne,
    And saye thow sawe me not wyth yee.

  40.
  'My trowth ys plyght to yonne Skottysh knyght,
    It nedes me not to layne,
  That I schalde byde hym upon thys bent,
    And I have hys trowth agayne.

  41.
  'And if that I weynde of thys growende,
    For soth, onfowghten awaye,
  He wolde me call but a kowarde knyght
    In hys londe another daye.

  42.
  'Yet had I lever to be rynde and rente,
    By Mary, that mykkel maye,
  Then ever my manhood schulde be reprovyd
    Wyth a Skotte another daye.

  43.
  'Wherefore schote, archars, for my sake,
    And let scharpe arowes flee:
  Mynstrell, playe up for your waryson,
    And well quyt it schall bee.

  44.
  'Every man thynke on hys trewe-love,
    And marke hym to the Trenite;
  For to God I make myne avowe
    Thys day wyll I not flee.'

  45.
  The blodye harte in the Dowglas armes,
    Hys standerde stood on hye,
  That every man myght full well knowe;
    By syde stode starres thre.

  46.
  The whyte lyon on the Ynglyssh perte,
    For soth as I yow sayne,
  The lucettes and the cressawntes both;
    The Skottes faught them agayne.

  47.
  Vpon Sent Androwe lowde can they crye,
    And thrysse they schowte on hyght,
  And syne merked them one owr Ynglysshe men,
    As I haue tolde yow ryght.

  48.
  Sent George the bryght, owr ladyes knyght,
    To name they were full fayne:
  Owr Ynglyssh men they cryde on hyght,
    And thrysse the schowtte agayne.

  49.
  Wyth that scharpe arowes bygan to flee,
    I tell yow in sertayne;
  Men of armes byganne to joyne,
    Many a dowghty man was ther slayne.

  50.
  The Perssy and the Dowglas mette,
    That ether of other was fayne;
  They swapped together whyll that the swette,
    Wyth swordes of fyne collayne:

  51.
  Tyll the bloode from ther bassonnettes ranne,
    As the roke doth in the rayne;
  'Yelde the to me,' sayd the Dowglas,
    'Or elles thow schalt be slayne.

  52.
  'For I see by thy bryght bassonet,
    Thow arte sum man of myght;
  And so I do by thy burnysshed brande;
    Thow arte an yerle, or elles a knyght.'

  53.
  'By my good faythe,' sayd the noble Perssye,
    'Now haste thou rede full ryght;
  Yet wyll I never yelde me to the,
    Whyll I may stonde and fyght.'

  54.
  They swapped together whyll that they swette,
    Wyth swordes scharpe and long;
  Ych on other so faste thee beette,
    Tyll ther helmes cam in peyses dowyn.

  55.
  The Perssy was a man of strenghth,
    I tell yow, in thys stounde;
  He smote the Dowglas at the swordes length
    That he fell to the growynde.

  56.
  The sworde was scharpe, and sore can byte,
    I tell yow in sertayne;
  To the harte he cowde hym smyte,
    Thus was the Dowglas slayne.

  57.
  The stonderdes stode styll on eke a syde,
    Wyth many a grevous grone;
  Ther the fowght the day, and all the nyght,
    And many a dowghty man was slayne.

  58.
  Ther was no freke that ther wolde flye,
    But styffely in stowre can stond,
  Ychone hewyng on other whyll they myght drye,
    Wyth many a bayllefull bronde.

  59.
  Ther was slayne vpon the Skottes syde,
    For soth and sertenly,
  Syr James a Dowglas ther was slayne,
    That day that he cowde dye.

  60.
  The yerlle of Mentaye he was slayne,
    Grysely groned upon the growynd;
  Syr Davy Skotte, Syr Water Stewarde,
    Syr Jhon of Agurstoune.

  61.
  Syr Charlles Morrey in that place,
    That never a fote wold flee;
  Syr Hewe Maxwell, a lord he was,
    Wyth the Dowglas dyd he dye.

  62.
  Ther was slayne upon the Skottes syde,
    For soth as I yow saye,
  Of fowre and forty thowsande Scottes
    Went but eyghtene awaye.

  63.
  Ther was slayne upon the Ynglysshe syde,
    For soth and sertenlye,
  A gentell knyght, Syr Jhon Fechewe,
    Yt was the more pety.

  64.
  Syr James Hardbotell ther was slayne,
    For hym ther hartes were sore;
  The gentyll Lovell ther was slayne,
    That the Perssys standerd bore.

  65.
  Ther was slayne upon the Ynglyssh perte,
    For soth as I yow saye,
  Of nyne thowsand Ynglyssh men
    Fyve hondert cam awaye.

  66.
  The other were slayne in the fylde;
    Cryste kepe ther sowlles from wo!
  Seyng ther was so fewe fryndes
    Agaynst so many a foo.

  67.
  Then on the morne they mayde them beerys
    Of byrch and haysell graye;
  Many a wydowe, wyth wepyng teyres,
    Ther makes they fette awaye.

  68.
  Thys fraye bygan at Otterborne,
    Bytwene the nyght and the day;
  Ther the Dowglas lost hys lyffe,
    And the Perssy was lede awaye.

  69.
  Then was ther a Scottysh prisoner tayne,
    Syr Hewe Mongomery was hys name;
  For soth as I yow saye,
    He borowed the Perssy home agayne.

  70.
  Now let us all for the Perssy praye
    To Jhesu most of myght,
  To bryng hys sowlle to the blysse of heven,
    For he was a gentyll knyght.


  [Annotations:
  1.3: 'bowynd,' hied.
  2.4: 'raysse,' raid.
  3.: 'Hoppertope,' Ottercap (now Ottercaps) Hill, in the parish of
    Kirk Whelpington, Tynedale Ward, Northumberland. 'Rodclyffe
    crage' (now Rothby Crags), a cliff near Rodeley, south-east of
    Ottercap. 'Grene Lynton,' a corruption of Green Leyton, south-east
    of Rodely.--Percy.
  5.1: 'berne,' man.
  8.1: Sir Henry Percy (Hotspur), killed at Shrewsbury fifteen years
    after Otterburn.
  8.3: 'march-man,' borderer. Percy is said to have been appointed
    Governor of Berwick and Warden of the Marches in 1385.
  12.4: 'The tone,' one or other.
  14.1: 'I have harde say that Chivet Hills stretchethe XX miles.
    Theare is greate plente of Redde Dere, and Roo Bukkes.'
    --_Leland's Itinerary._
  15.3: 'the tyll' = thee till, to thee.
  19.1: 'pyght,' fixed.
  22.2: 'wynne,' pleasure.
  24.4: _i.e._ he could not give me my fill (of defeat).
  25.2: _i.e._ to see if it were false.
  26.1: 'eme,' uncle.
  26.3: 'cawte,' wary.
  29.4: 'hyght,' promised.
  32.4: 'schoote,' dismissed.
  33.2: _i.e._ who was ever royal among the rout.
  35.2: 'layne,' lie; so 40.2
  41.1: _i.e._ if I wend off this ground.
  42.1: _i.e._ I had rather be flayed.
  43.3: 'waryson,' reward.
  44.2: 'marke hym,' commit himself (by signing the cross).
  50.4: 'collayne,' of Cologne steel. Cp. 'myllan,' _Hunting of the
    Cheviot_, 31.4
  51.2: 'roke,' reek, vapour.
  55.2: 'stounde,' moment of time, hour.
  58.3: 'drye' = dree, endure.
  60.2: 'grysely,' frightfully, grievously.
  67.4: 'makes,' mates.
  69.4: 'borowed,' ransomed, set free.]




JOHNIE ARMSTRONG


+The Text+ is taken from _Wit Restor'd_, 1658, where it is called _A
Northern Ballet_. From the same collection comes the version of _Little
Musgrave and Lady Barnard_ given in First Series, p. 19. The version
popularly known as _Johnny Armstrong's Last Good-Night_, so dear to
Goldsmith, and sung by the Vicar of Wakefield, is a broadside found in
most of the well-known collections.


+The Story+ of the ballad has the authority of more than one chronicle,
and is attributed to the year 1530. James V., in spite of the promise
'to doe no wrong' in his large and long letter, appears to have been
incensed at the splendour of 'Jonne's' retinue. It seems curious that
the outlaw should have been a Westmoreland man; but the _Cronicles of
Scotland_ say that 'from the Scots border to Newcastle of England, there
was not one, of whatsoever estate, but paid to this John Armstrong a
tribute, to be free of his cumber, he was so doubtit in England.'
Jonne's offer in the stanza 16.3,4, may be compared to the similar feat
of Sir Andrew Barton.


JOHNIE ARMSTRONG

  1.
  There dwelt a man in faire Westmerland,
    Jonne Armestrong men did him call,
  He had nither lands nor rents coming in,
    Yet he kept eight score men in his hall.

  2.
  He had horse and harness for them all,
    Goodly steeds were all milke-white;
  O the golden bands an about their necks,
    And their weapons, they were all alike.

  3.
  Newes then was brought unto the king
    That there was sicke a won as hee,
  That lived lyke a bold out-law,
    And robbed all the north country.

  4.
  The king he writt an a letter then,
    A letter which was large and long;
  He signed it with his owne hand,
    And he promised to doe him no wrong.

  5.
  When this letter came Jonne untill,
    His heart it was as blyth as birds on the tree:
  'Never was I sent for before any king,
    My father, my grandfather, nor none but mee.

  6.
  'And if wee goe the king before,
    I would we went most orderly;
  Every man of you shall have his scarlet cloak,
    Laced with silver laces three.

  7.
  'Every won of you shall have his velvett coat,
    Laced with sillver lace so white;
  O the golden bands an about your necks,
    Black hatts, white feathers, all alyke.'

  8.
  By the morrow morninge at ten of the clock,
    Towards Edenburough gon was hee,
  And with him all his eight score men;
    Good lord, it was a goodly sight for to see!

  9.
  When Jonne came befower the king,
    He fell downe on his knee;
  'O pardon, my soveraine leige,' he said,
    'O pardon my eight score men and mee.'

  10.
  'Thou shalt have no pardon, thou traytor strong,
    For thy eight score men nor thee;
  For to-morrow morning by ten of the clock,
    Both thou and them shall hang on the gallow-tree.'

  11.
  But Jonne looked over his left shoulder,
    Good Lord, what a grevious look looked hee!
  Saying, 'Asking grace of a graceles face--
    Why there is none for you nor me.'

  12.
  But Jonne had a bright sword by his side,
    And it was made of the mettle so free,
  That had not the king stept his foot aside,
    He had smitten his head from his faire bodde.

  13.
  Saying, 'Fight on, my merry men all,
    And see that none of you be taine;
  For rather than men shall say we were hange'd,
    Let them report how we were slaine.'

  14.
  Then, God wott, faire Eddenburrough rose,
    And so besett poore Jonne rounde,
  That fowerscore and tenn of Jonne's best men
    Lay gasping all upon the ground.

  15.
  Then like a mad man Jonne laide about,
    And like a mad man then fought hee,
  Untill a falce Scot came Jonne behinde,
    And runn him through the faire boddee.

  16.
  Saying, 'Fight on, my merry men all,
    And see that none of you be taine;
  For I will stand by and bleed but awhile,
    And then will I come and fight againe.'

  17.
  Newes then was brought to young Jonne Armestrong
    As he stood by his nurse's knee,
  Who vowed if ere he live'd for to be a man,
    O' the treacherous Scots reveng'd hee'd be.




THE BRAES OF YARROW


+The Text+ was communicated to Percy by Dr. Robertson of Edinburgh, but
it did not appear in the _Reliques_.

In 9.1, 'Then' is doubtless an interpolation, as are the words 'Now
Douglas' in 11.1 But on the whole it is the best text of the fifteen or
twenty variants.


+The Story.+--James Hogg and Sir Walter Scott referred the ballad to two
different sources, the former legendary, and the latter historical. It
has always been very popular in Scotland, and besides the variants there
are in existence several imitations, such as the well-known poem of
William Hamilton, 'Busk ye, busk ye, my bonny bonny bride.' This was
printed in vol. ii. of Percy's _Reliques_.

About half the known variants make the hero and heroine man and wife,
the other half presenting them as unmarried lovers.


THE BRAES OF YARROW

  1.
  'I dreamed a dreary dream this night,
    That fills my heart wi' sorrow;
  I dreamed I was pouing the heather green
    Upon the braes of Yarrow.

  2.
  'O true-luve mine, stay still and dine,
    As ye ha' done before, O;'
  'O I'll be hame by hours nine,
    And frae the braes of Yarrow.'

  3.
  'I dreamed a dreary dream this night,
    That fills my heart wi' sorrow;
  I dreamed my luve came headless hame,
    O frae the braes of Yarrow!

  4.
  'O true-luve mine, stay still and dine.
    As ye ha' done before, O;'
  'O I'll be hame by hours nine,
    And frae the braes of Yarrow.'

  5.
  'O are ye going to hawke,' she says,
    'As ye ha' done before, O?
  Or are ye going to wield your brand,
    Upon the braes of Yarrow?'

  6.
  'O I am not going to hawke,' he says,
    'As I have done before, O,
  But for to meet your brother John,
    Upon the braes of Yarrow.'

  7.
  As he gaed down yon dowy den,
    Sorrow went him before, O;
  Nine well-wight men lay waiting him,
    Upon the braes of Yarrow.

  8.
  'I have your sister to my wife,
    Ye think me an unmeet marrow!
  But yet one foot will I never flee
    Now frae the braes of Yarrow.'

  9.
  Then four he kill'd and five did wound,
    That was an unmeet marrow!
  And he had weel nigh wan the day
    Upon the braes of Yarrow.

  10.
  But a cowardly loon came him behind,
    Our Lady lend him sorrow!
  And wi' a rappier pierced his heart,
    And laid him low on Yarrow.

  11.
  Now Douglas to his sister's gane,
    Wi' meikle dule and sorrow:
  'Gae to your luve, sister,' he says,
    'He's sleeping sound on Yarrow.'

  12.
  As she went down yon dowy den,
    Sorrow went her before, O;
  She saw her true-love lying slain
    Upon the braes of Yarrow.

  13.
  She swoon'd thrice upon his breist
    That was her dearest marrow;
  Said, 'Ever alace, and wae the day
    Thou went'st frae me to Yarrow!'

  14.
  She kist his mouth, she kaimed his hair,
    As she had done before, O;
  She wiped the blood that trickled doun
    Upon the braes of Yarrow.

  15.
  Her hair it was three quarters lang,
    It hang baith side and yellow;
  She tied it round her white hause-bane,
    And tint her life on Yarrow.


  [Annotations:
  7.1: 'dowy,' dreary.
  7.3: 'well-wight,' brave, sturdy.
  13.: Apparently Percy's invention.
  14.3: 'wiped': Child suggests the original word was 'drank.'
  15.2: 'side,' long.
  15.3: 'hause-bane,' neck.]




THE TWA BROTHERS


+The Text+ is from Sharpe's _Ballad Book_ (1823). Scott included no
version of this ballad in his _Minstrelsy_; but Motherwell and Jamieson
both had traditional versions. Motherwell considered it essential that
the deadly wound should be accidental; but it is far more typical of a
ballad-hero that he should lose his temper and kill his brother; and,
as Child points out, it adds to the pathetic generosity of the slain
brother in providing excuses for his absence to be made to his father,
mother, and sister.


+The Story.+--Motherwell and Sharpe were more or less convinced that the
ballad was founded on an accident that happened in 1589 to a Somerville,
who was killed by his brother's pistol going off.

This ballad is still in circulation in the form of a game amongst
American children--the last state of more than one old ballad otherwise
extinct.


THE TWA BROTHERS

  1.
  There were twa brethren in the north,
    They went to the school thegither;
  The one unto the other said,
    'Will you try a warsle afore?'

  2.
  They warsled up, they warsled down,
    Till Sir John fell to the ground,
  And there was a knife in Sir Willie's pouch,
    Gied him a deadlie wound.

  3.
  'Oh brither dear, take me on your back,
    Carry me to yon burn clear,
  And wash the blood from off my wound,
    And it will bleed nae mair.'

  4.
  He took him up upon his back,
    Carried him to yon burn clear,
  And washd the blood from off his wound,
    But aye it bled the mair.

  5.
  'Oh brither dear, take me on your back,
    Carry me to yon kirk-yard,
  And dig a grave baith wide and deep,
    And lay my body there.'

  6.
  He's taen him up upon his back,
    Carried him to yon kirk-yard,
  And dug a grave baith deep and wide,
    And laid his body there.

  7.
  'But what will I say to my father dear,
    Gin he chance to say, Willie, whar's John?'
  'Oh say that he's to England gone,
    To buy him a cask of wine.'

  8.
  'And what will I say to my mother dear,
    Gin she chance to say, Willie, whar's John?'
  'Oh say that he's to England gone,
    To buy her a new silk gown.'

  9.
  'And what will I say to my sister dear,
    Gin she chance to say, Willie, whar's John?'
  'Oh say that he's to England gone,
    To buy her a wedding ring.'

  10.
  'But what will I say to her you lo'e dear,
    Gin she cry, Why tarries my John?'
  'Oh tell her I lie in Kirk-land fair,
    And home again will never come.'


  [Annotations:
  1.4: 'warsle,' wrestle.]




THE OUTLYER BOLD


+The Text+ is taken from Motherwell's MS., which contains two versions;
Motherwell printed a third in his _Minstrelsy_,--_Babylon; or, The
Bonnie Banks o' Fordie_. Kinloch called the ballad the _Duke of Perth's
Three Daughters_. As the following text has no title, I have ventured to
give it one. 'Outlyer' is, of course, simply 'a banished man.'


+The Story+ is much more familiar in all the branches of the
Scandinavian race than in England or Scotland. In Denmark it appears as
_Herr Truels' Daughters_ or _Herr Thor's Children_; in Sweden as _Herr
Tores' Daughters_. Iceland and Faroe give the name as Torkild or
Thorkell.

The incidents related in this ballad took place (i) in Scotland on the
bonnie banks o' Fordie, near Dunkeld; (ii) in Sweden in five or six
different places; and (iii) in eight different localities in Denmark.


THE OUTLYER BOLD

  1.
  There were three sisters, they lived in a bower,
    _Sing Anna, sing Margaret, sing Marjorie_
  The youngest o' them was the fairest flower.
    _And the dew goes thro' the wood, gay ladie_

  2.
  The oldest of them she's to the wood gane,
  To seek a braw leaf and to bring it hame.

  3.
  There she met with an outlyer bold,
  Lies many long nights in the woods so cold.

  4.
  'Istow a maid, or istow a wife?
  Wiltow twinn with thy maidenhead, or thy sweet life?'

  5.
  'O kind sir, if I hae't at my will,
  I'll twinn with my life, keep my maidenhead still.'

  6.
  He's taen out his wee pen-knife,
  He's twinned this young lady of her sweet life.

  7.
  He wiped his knife along the dew;
  But the more he wiped, the redder it grew.

  8.
  The second of them she's to the wood gane,
  To seek her old sister, and to bring her hame.

  9.
  There she met with an outlyer bold,
  Lies many long nights in the woods so cold.

  10.
  'Istow a maid, or istow a wife?
  Wiltow twinn with thy maidenhead, or thy sweet life?'

  11.
  'O kind sir, if I hae't at my will,
  I'll twinn with my life, keep my maidenhead still.'

  12.
  He's taen out his wee pen-knife,
  He's twinned this young lady of her sweet life.

  13.
  He wiped his knife along the dew;
  But the more he wiped, the redder it grew.

  14.
  The youngest o' them she's to the wood gane,
  To seek her two sisters, and to bring them hame.

  15.
  There she met with an outlyer bold,
  Lies many long nights in the woods so cold.

  16.
  'Istow a maid, or istow a wife?
  Wiltow twinn with thy maidenhead, or thy sweet life?'

  17.
  'If my three brethren they were here,
  Such questions as these thou durst nae speer.'

  18.
  'Pray, what may thy three brethren be,
  That I durst na mak' so bold with thee?'

  19.
  'The eldest o' them is a minister bred,
  He teaches the people from evil to good.

  20.
  'The second o' them is a ploughman good,
  He ploughs the land for his livelihood.

  21.
  'The youngest of them is an outlyer bold,
  Lies many a long night in the woods so cold.'

  22.
  He stuck his knife then into the ground,
  He took a long race, let himself fall on.


  [Annotations:
  4.1: 'Istow,' art thou.
  4.2: 'twinn with,' part with.
  17.2: 'speer,' ask.]




MARY HAMILTON


+The Text+ given here is from Sharpe's _Ballad Book_ (1824). Professor
Child collected and printed some twenty-eight variants and fragments,
of which none is entirely satisfactory, as regards the telling of the
story. The present text will suit our purpose as well as any other, and
it ends impressively with the famous pathetic verse of the four Maries.


+The Story.+--Lesley in his _History of Scotland_ (1830) says that when
Mary Stuart was sent to France in 1548, she had in attendance 'sundry
gentlewomen and noblemen's sons and daughters, almost of her own age, of
the which there were four in special of whom everyone of them bore the
same name of Mary, being of four sundry honourable houses, to wit,
Fleming, Livingston, Seton, and Beaton of Creich.' The four Maries were
still with the Queen in 1564. Hamilton and Carmichael appear in the
ballad in place of Fleming and Livingston.

Scott attributed the origin of the ballad to an incident related by Knox
in his _History of the Reformation_: in 1563 or 1564 a Frenchwoman was
seduced by the Queen's apothecary, and the babe murdered by consent of
father and mother. But the cries of a new-born babe had been heard;
search was made, and both parents were 'damned to be hanged upon the
public street of Edinburgh.'

In 1824, in his preface to the _Ballad Book_, Charles Kirkpatrick Sharpe
produced a similar story from the Russian court. In 1885 this story was
retold from authentic sources as follows. After the marriage of one of
the ministers of Peter the Great's father with a Hamilton, the Scottish
family ranked with the Russian aristocracy. The Czar Peter required that
all his Empress Catharine's maids-of-honour should be remarkably
handsome; and Mary Hamilton, a niece, it is supposed, of the above
minister's wife, was appointed on account of her beauty. This Mary
Hamilton had an amour with one Orlof, an aide-de-camp to the Czar;
a murdered babe was found, the guilt traced to Mary, and she and Orlof
sent to prison in April 1718. Orlof was afterwards released; Mary
Hamilton was executed on March 14, 1719.

Professor Child, in printing this ballad in 1889, considered the details
of the Russian story[1] (most of which I have omitted) to be so closely
parallel to the Scottish ballad, that he was convinced that the later
story was the origin of the ballad, and that the ballad-maker had
located it in Mary Stuart's court on his own responsibility. In
September 1895 Mr. Andrew Lang contributed the results of his researches
concerning the ballad to _Blackwood's Magazine_, maintaining that the
ballad must have arisen from the 1563 story, as it is too old and too
good to have been written since 1718. Balancing this improbability--that
the details of a Russian court scandal of 1718 should exactly correspond
to a previously extant Scottish ballad--against the improbability of the
eighteenth century producing such a ballad, Child afterwards concluded
the latter to be the greater. The coincidence is undoubtedly striking;
but neither the story nor the name are uncommon.

    [Footnote 1: See Waliszewski's _Peter the Great_ (translated by
    Lady Mary Loyd), vol. i. p. 251. London, 1897.]

It is, of course, possible that the story is older than 1563--it should
not be difficult to find more than one instance--and that it was first
adapted to the 1563 incident and afterwards to the Russian scandal, the
two versions being subsequently confused. But there is no evidence for
this.


MARY HAMILTON

  1.
  Word's gane to the kitchen,
    And word's gane to the ha',
  That Marie Hamilton gangs wi' bairn
    To the hichest Stewart of a'.

  2.
  He's courted her in the kitchen,
    He's courted her in the ha',
  He's courted her in the laigh cellar,
    And that was warst of a'.

  3.
  She's tyed it in her apron
    And she's thrown it in the sea;
  Says, 'Sink ye, swim ye, bonny wee babe,
    You'll ne'er get mair o' me.'

  4.
  Down then cam the auld queen,
    Goud tassels tying her hair:
  'O Marie, where's the bonny wee babe
    That I heard greet sae sair?'

  5.
  'There was never a babe intill my room,
    As little designs to be;
  It was but a touch o' my sair side,
    Come o'er my fair bodie.'

  6.
  'O Marie, put on your robes o' black,
    Or else your robes o' brown,
  For ye maun gang wi' me the night,
    To see fair Edinbro' town.'

  7.
  'I winna put on my robes o' black,
    Nor yet my robes o' brown;
  But I'll put on my robes o' white,
    To shine through Edinbro' town.'

  8.
  When she gaed up the Cannogate,
    She laugh'd loud laughters three;
  But whan she cam down the Cannogate
    The tear blinded her ee.

  9.
  When she gaed up the Parliament stair,
    The heel cam aff her shee;
  And lang or she cam down again
    She was condemn'd to dee.

  10.
  When she cam down the Cannogate,
    The Cannogate sae free,
  Many a ladie look'd o'er her window,
    Weeping for this ladie.

  11.
  'Ye need nae weep for me,' she says,
    'Ye need nae weep for me;
  For had I not slain mine own sweet babe,
    This death I wadna dee.

  12.
  'Bring me a bottle of wine,' she says,
    'The best that e'er ye hae,
  That I may drink to my weil-wishers,
    And they may drink to me.

  13.
  'Here's a health to the jolly sailors,
    That sail upon the main;
  Let them never let on to my father and mother
    But what I'm coming hame.

  14.
  'Here's a health to the jolly sailors,
    That sail upon the sea;
  Let them never let on to my father and mother
    That I cam here to dee.

  15.
  'Oh little did my mother think,
    The day she cradled me,
  What lands I was to travel through,
    What death I was to dee.

  16.
  'Oh little did my father think,
    The day he held up me,
  What lands I was to travel through,
    What death I was to dee.

  17.
  'Last night I wash'd the queen's feet,
    And gently laid her down;
  And a' the thanks I've gotten the nicht
    To be hang'd in Edinbro' town!

  18.
  'Last nicht there was four Maries,
    The nicht there'll be but three;
  There was Marie Seton, and Marie Beton,
    And Marie Carmichael, and me.'




KINMONT WILLIE


+The Text.+--There is only one text of this ballad, and that was printed
by Scott in the _Minstrelsy_ from 'tradition in the West Borders'; he
adds that 'some conjectural emendations have been absolutely necessary,'
a remark suspicious in itself; and such modernities as the double rhymes
in 26.3, 28.3, etc., do not restore confidence.


+The Story.+--The forcible entry into Carlisle Castle and the rescue of
William Armstrong, called Will of Kinmouth, took place on April 13,
1596; but Kinmont Willie was notorious as a border thief at least as
early as 1584.

The events leading up to the beginning of the ballad were as follow:
'The keen Lord Scroop' was Warden of the West-Marches of England, and
'the bauld Buccleuch' (Sir Walter Scott of Branxholm, or 'Branksome
Ha',' 8.2) was the Keeper of Liddesdale. To keep a periodical day of
truce, these two sent their respective deputies, the 'fause Sakelde' (or
Salkeld) and a certain Robert Scott. In the latter's company was Kinmont
Willie. Business being concluded, Kinmont Willie took his leave, and
made his way along the Scottish side of the Liddel river, which at that
point is the boundary between England and Scotland. The English deputy
and his party spied him from their side of the stream; and bearing an
ancient grudge against him as a notorious cattle-lifter and thief, they
pursued and captured him, and he was placed in the castle of Carlisle.

This brings us to the ballad. 'Hairibee' (1.4) is the place of execution
at Carlisle. The 'Liddel-rack' in 3.4 is a ford over the Liddel river.
Branxholm, the Keeper's Hall (8.2) and Stobs (16.4) are both within a
few miles of Hawick.

The remark in 16.2 appears to be untrue: the party that accompanied
Buccleuch certainly contained several Armstrongs, including four sons of
Kinmont Willie, and 'Dickie of Dryhope' (24.3) was also of that ilk; as
well as two Elliots, though not Sir Gilbert, and four Bells. 'Red Rowan'
was probably a Forster.

The tune blown on the Warden's trumpets (31.3,4) is said to be a
favourite song in Liddesdale. See Chambers's _Book of Days_, i. 200.


KINMONT WILLIE

  1.
  O have ye na heard o' the fause Sakelde?
    O have ye na heard o' the keen Lord Scroop?
  How they hae taen bauld Kinmont Willie,
    On Hairibee to hang him up?

  2.
  Had Willie had but twenty men,
    But twenty men as stout as he,
  Fause Sakelde had never the Kinmont taen,
    Wi' eight score in his companie.

  3.
  They band his legs beneath the steed,
    They tied his hands behind his back;
  They guarded him, fivesome on each side,
    And they brought him ower the Liddel-rack.

  4.
  They led him thro' the Liddel-rack,
    And also thro' the Carlisle sands;
  They brought him to Carlisle castell,
    To be at my Lord Scroop's commands.

  5.
  'My hands are tied, but my tongue is free,
    And whae will dare this deed avow?
  Or answer by the Border law?
    Or answer to the bauld Buccleuch!'

  6.
  'Now haud thy tongue, thou rank reiver!
    There's never a Scot shall set ye free;
  Before ye cross my castle-yate,
    I trow ye shall take farewell o' me.'

  7.
  'Fear na ye that, my lord,' quo' Willie;
    'By the faith o' my body, Lord Scroop,' he said,
  'I never yet lodged in a hostelrie,
    But I paid my lawing before I gaed.'

  8.
  Now word is gane to the bauld Keeper,
    In Branksome Ha' where that he lay,
  That Lord Scroop has taen the Kinmont Willie,
    Between the hours of night and day.

  9.
  He has taen the table wi' his hand,
    He garr'd the red wine spring on hie;
  'Now Christ's curse on my head,' he said,
    'But avenged of Lord Scroop I'll be!

  10.
  'O is my basnet a widow's curch,
    Or my lance a wand of the willow-tree,
  Or my arm a ladye's lilye hand,
    That an English lord should lightly me?

  11.
  'And have they taen him, Kinmont Willie,
    Against the truce of Border tide,
  And forgotten that the bauld Buccleuch
    Is keeper here on the Scottish side?

  12.
  'And have they e'en taen him, Kinmont Willie,
    Withouten either dread or fear,
  And forgotten that the bauld Buccleuch
    Can back a steed, or shake a spear?

  13.
  'O were there war between the lands,
    As well I wot that there is none,
  I would slight Carlisle castell high,
    Tho' it were builded of marble stone.

  14.
  'I would set that castell in a low,
    And sloken it with English blood;
  There's nevir a man in Cumberland
    Should ken where Carlisle castell stood.

  15.
  'But since nae war's between the lands,
    And there is peace, and peace should be,
  I'll neither harm English lad or lass,
    And yet the Kinmont freed shall be!'

  16.
  He has call'd him forty marchmen bauld,
    I trow they were of his ain name,
  Except Sir Gilbert Elliot, call'd
    The Laird of Stobs, I mean the same.

  17.
  He has call'd him forty marchmen bauld,
    Were kinsmen to the bauld Buccleuch,
  With spur on heel, and splent on spauld,
    And gleuves of green, and feathers blue.

  18.
  They were five and five before them a',
    Wi' hunting-horns and bugles bright;
  And five and five came wi' Buccleuch,
    Like Warden's men, arrayed for fight.

  19.
  And five and five like a mason-gang,
    That carried the ladders lang and hie;
  And five and five like broken men;
    And so they reached the Woodhouselee.

  20.
  And as we cross'd the Bateable Land,
    When to the English side we held,
  The first o' men that we met wi',
    Whae should it be but fause Sakelde!

  21.
  'Where be ye gaun, ye hunters keen?'
    Quo' fause Sakelde; 'come tell to me!'
  'We go to hunt an English stag,
    Has trespass'd on the Scots countrie.'

  22.
  'Where be ye gaun, ye marshal-men?'
    Quo' fause Sakelde; 'come tell me true!'
  'We go to catch a rank reiver,
    Has broken faith wi' the bauld Buccleuch.

  23.
  'Where are ye gaun, ye mason-lads,
    Wi' a' your ladders lang and hie?'
  'We gang to herry a corbie's nest,
    That wons not far frae Woodhouselee.'

  24.
  'Where be ye gaun, ye broken men?'
    Quo' fause Sakelde; 'come tell to me!'
  Now Dickie of Dryhope led that band,
    And the nevir a word o' lear had he.

  25.
  'Why trespass ye on the English side?
    Row-footed outlaws, stand!' quo' he;
  The neer a word had Dickie to say,
    Sae he thrust the lance thro' his fause bodie.

  26.
  Then on we held for Carlisle toun,
    And at Staneshaw-bank the Eden we cross'd;
  The water was great, and meikle of spait,
    But the nevir a horse nor man we lost.

  27.
  And when we reach'd the Staneshaw-bank,
    The wind was rising loud and hie;
  And there the laird garr'd leave our steeds,
    For fear that they should stamp and nie.

  28.
  And when we left the Staneshaw-bank,
    The wind began full loud to blaw;
  But 'twas wind and weet, and fire and sleet,
    When we came beneath the castel-wa'.

  29.
  We crept on knees, and held our breath,
    Till we placed the ladders against the wa';
  And sae ready was Buccleuch himsell
    To mount the first before us a'.

  30.
  He has taen the watchman by the throat,
    He flung him down upon the lead:
  'Had there not been peace between our lands,
    Upon the other side thou hadst gaed.

  31.
  'Now sound out, trumpets!' quo' Buccleuch;
    'Let's waken Lord Scroop right merrilie!'
  Then loud the Warden's trumpets blew
    'Oh whae dare meddle wi' me?'

  32.
  Then speedilie to wark we gaed,
    And raised the slogan ane and a',
  And cut a hole thro' a sheet of lead,
    And so we wan to the castel-ha'.

  33.
  They thought King James and a' his men
    Had won the house wi' bow and spear;
  It was but twenty Scots and ten,
    That put a thousand in sic a stear!

  34.
  Wi' coulters and wi' forehammers,
    We garr'd the bars bang merrilie,
  Untill we came to the inner prison,
    Where Willie o' Kinmont he did lie.

  35.
  And when we cam to the lower prison,
    Where Willie o' Kinmont he did lie:
  'O sleep ye, wake ye, Kinmont Willie,
    Upon the morn that thou's to die?'

  36.
  'O I sleep saft, and I wake aft,
    It's lang since sleeping was fleyed frae me;
  Gie my service back to my wyfe and bairns,
    And a' gude fellows that speer for me.'

  37.
  Then Red Rowan has hente him up,
    The starkest man in Teviotdale:
  'Abide, abide now, Red Rowan,
    Till of my Lord Scroop I take farewell.

  38.
  'Farewell, farewell, my gude Lord Scroop!
    My gude Lord Scroop, farewell!' he cried;
  'I'll pay you for my lodging-maill
    When first we meet on the border-side.'

  39.
  Then shoulder high, with shout and cry,
    We bore him down the ladder lang;
  At every stride Red Rowan made,
    I wot the Kinmont's airns play'd clang.

  40.
  'O mony a time,' quo' Kinmont Willie,
    'I have ridden horse baith wild and wood;
  But a rougher beast than Red Rowan
    I ween my legs have ne'er bestrode.

  41.
  'And mony a time,' quo' Kinmont Willie,
    'I've pricked a horse out oure the furs;
  But since the day I backed a steed,
    I never wore sic cumbrous spurs.'

  42.
  We scarce had won the Staneshaw-bank,
    When a' the Carlisle bells were rung,
  And a thousand men, in horse and foot,
    Cam' wi' the keen Lord Scroop along.

  43.
  Buccleuch has turned to Eden Water,
    Even where it flow'd frae bank to brim,
  And he has plunged in wi' a' his band,
    And safely swam them thro' the stream.

  44.
  He turned him on the other side,
    And at Lord Scroop his glove flung he:
  'If ye like na my visit in merry England,
    In fair Scotland come visit me!'

  45.
  All sore astonished stood Lord Scroop,
    He stood as still as rock of stane;
  He scarcely dared to trew his eyes,
    When thro' the water they had gane.

  46.
  'He is either himsell a devil frae hell,
    Or else his mother a witch maun be;
  I wad na have ridden that wan water
    For a' the gowd in Christentie.'


  [Annotations:
  6.1: 'haud,' hold: 'reiver,' robber.
  7.4: 'lawing,' reckoning.
  10.1: 'basnet,' helmet: 'curch,' kerchief.
  10.4: 'lightly,' insult.
  13.3: 'slight,' destroy.
  14.1: 'low,' fire.
  17.3: 'splent on spauld,' plate-armour on their shoulders.
  19.3: 'broken men,' outlaws.
  24.4: 'lear,' information.
  25.2: 'Row,' rough.
  26.3: 'spait,' flood.
  33.4: 'stear,' stir, disturbance.
  34.1: 'forehammers,' sledge-hammers.
  38.3: 'maill,' rent.
  45.3: 'trew,' believe.]




THE LAIRD O' LOGIE


+The Text+ is that of Scott's _Minstrelsy,_ which was repeated in
Motherwell's collection, with the insertion of one stanza, obtained from
tradition, between Scott's 2 and 3.


+The Story+ as told in this variant of the ballad is remarkably true to
the historical facts.

The Laird was John Wemyss, younger of Logie, a gentleman-in-waiting to
King James VI. of Scotland, and an adherent of the notorious Francis
Stuart, Earl of Bothwell. After the failure of the two rash attempts of
Bothwell upon the King's person--the former at Holyrood House in 1591
and the second at Falkland in 1592--the Earl persuaded the Laird of
Logie and the Laird of Burleigh to join him in a third attempt, which
was fixed for the 7th or 9th of August 1592; but the King got wind of
the affair, and the two Lairds were seized by the Duke of Lennox and
'committed to ward within Dalkeith.'

The heroine of the ballad was a Danish maid-of-honour to James's Queen;
her name is variously recorded as Margaret Vinstar, Weiksterne,
Twynstoun, or Twinslace. 'Carmichael' was Sir John Carmichael, appointed
captain of the King's guard in 1588.

The ballad stops short at the escape of the lovers by ship. But history
relates that the young couple were befriended by the Queen, who refused
to comply with the King's demand that May Margaret should be dismissed.
Eventually both were received into favour again, though the Laird of
Logie was constantly in political trouble. He died in 1599. (See a paper
by A. Francis Steuart in _The Scots Magazine_ for October 1899, p. 387.)


THE LAIRD O' LOGIE

  1.
  I will sing, if ye will hearken,
    If ye will hearken unto me;
  The king has ta'en a poor prisoner,
    The wanton laird o' young Logie.

  2.
  Young Logie's laid in Edinburgh chapel,
    Carmichael's the keeper o' the key;
  And May Margaret's lamenting sair,
    A' for the love of Young Logie.

  3.
  'Lament, lament na, May Margaret,
    And of your weeping let me be,
  For ye maun to the king himsell,
    To seek the life of Young Logie.'

  4.
  May Margaret has kilted her green cleiding,
    And she has curl'd back her yellow hair;
  'If I canna get Young Logie's life,
    Farewell to Scotland for evermair!'

  5.
  When she came before the king,
    She knelit lowly on her knee;
  'O what's the matter, May Margaret?
    And what needs a' this courtesie?'

  6.
  'A boon, a boon, my noble liege,
    A boon, a boon, I beg o' thee!
  And the first boon that I come to crave,
    Is to grant me the life o' Young Logie.'

  7.
  'O na, O na, May Margaret,
    Forsooth, and so it mauna be;
  For a' the gowd o' fair Scotland
    Shall not save the life o' Young Logie.'

  8.
  But she has stown the king's redding-kaim,
    Likewise the queen her wedding knife;
  And sent the tokens to Carmichael,
    To cause Young Logie get his life.

  9.
  She sent him a purse o' the red gowd,
    Another o' the white monie;
  She sent him a pistol for each hand,
    And bade him shoot when he gat free.

  10.
  When he came to the Tolbooth stair,
    There he let his volley flee;
  It made the king in his chamber start,
    E'en in the bed where he might be.

  11.
  'Gae out, gae out, my merrymen a',
    And bid Carmichael come speak to me,
  For I'll lay my life the pledge o' that,
    That yon's the shot o' Young Logie.'

  12.
  When Carmichael came before the king,
    He fell low down upon his knee;
  The very first word that the king spake,
    Was 'Where's the laird of Young Logie?'

  13.
  Carmichael turn'd him round about,
    I wat the tear blinded his eye;
  'There came a token frae your grace,
    Has ta'en away the laird frae me.'

  14.
  'Hast thou play'd me that, Carmichael?
    And hast thou play'd me that?' quoth he;
  'The morn the Justice Court's to stand,
    And Logie's place ye maun supplie.'

  15.
  Carmichael's awa to Margaret's bower,
    Even as fast as he may dree;
  'O if Young Logie be within,
    Tell him to come and speak with me.'

  16.
  May Margaret turn'd her round about,
    I wat a loud laugh laughed she;
  'The egg is chipp'd, the bird is flown,
    Ye'll see nae mair of Young Logie.'

  17.
  The tane is shipped at the pier of Leith,
    The tother at the Queen's Ferrie;
  And she's gotten a father to her bairn,
    The wanton laird of Young Logie.


  [Annotations:
  8.1: 'redding-kaim,' dressing-comb.]




CAPTAIN CAR


+The Text+ is from a Cottonian MS. of the sixteenth century in the
British Museum (Vesp. A. xxv. fol. 178). It is carelessly written, and
words are here and there deleted and altered. I have allowed myself the
liberty of choosing readings from several alternatives or possibilities.


+The Story.+--There seems to be no doubt that this ballad is founded
upon an historical incident of 1571. The Scottish variants are mostly
called _Edom o' Gordon_, _i.e._ Adam Gordon, who was brother to George
Gordon, Earl of Huntly. Adam was a bold soldier; and, his clan being at
variance with the Forbeses--on religious grounds,--he encountered them
twice in the autumn of 1571, and inflicted severe defeat on them at the
battles of Tuiliangus and Crabstane. In November he approached the
castle of Towie, a stronghold of the Forbes clan; but the lady occupying
it obstinately refused to yield it up, and it was burnt to the ground.

It is not clear whether the responsibility of giving the order to fire
the castle attaches to Adam Gordon or to Captain Car or Ker, who was
Adam's right-hand man. But when all is said on either side, it is
irrational, as Child points out, to apply modern standards of morality
or expediency to sixteenth-century warfare. It is curious that this
text, almost contemporary with the occurrence which gave rise to the
ballad, should be wholly concerned with Captain Car and make no mention
of Adam Gordon.

For the burden, see Chappell _Popular Music of the Olden Time_, i. 226.


CAPTAIN CAR

  1.
  It befell at Martynmas,
    When wether waxed colde,
  Captaine Care said to his men,
    'We must go take a holde.'

  _Syck, sicke, and to-towe sike,
    And sicke and like to die;
  The sikest nighte that ever I abode,
    God lord have mercy on me!_

  2.
  'Haille, master, and wether you will,
    And wether ye like it best;'
  'To the castle of Crecrynbroghe,
    And there we will take our reste.'

  3.
  'I knowe wher is a gay castle,
    Is builded of lyme and stone;
  Within their is a gay ladie,
    Her lord is riden and gone.'

  4.
  The ladie she lend on her castle-walle,
    She loked upp and downe;
  There was she ware of an host of men,
    Come riding to the towne.

  5.
  'Se yow, my meri men all,
    And se yow what I see?
  Yonder I see an host of men,
    I muse who they bee.'

  6.
  She thought he had ben her wed lord,
    As he com'd riding home;
  Then was it traitur Captaine Care
    The lord of Ester-towne.

  7.
  They wer no soner at supper sett,
    Then after said the grace,
  Or Captaine Care and all his men
    Wer lighte aboute the place.

  8.
  'Gyve over thi howsse, thou lady gay,
    And I will make the a bande;
  To-nighte thou shall ly within my armes,
    To-morrowe thou shall ere my lande.'

  9.
  Then bespacke the eldest sonne,
    That was both whitt and redde:
  'O mother dere, geve over your howsse,
    Or elles we shalbe deade.'

  10.
  'I will not geve over my hous,' she saithe,
    'Not for feare of my lyffe;
  It shalbe talked throughout the land,
    The slaughter of a wyffe.'

  11.
  'Fetch me my pestilett,
    And charge me my gonne,
  That I may shott at yonder bloddy butcher,
    The lord of Easter-towne.'

  12.
  Styfly upon her wall she stode,
    And lett the pellettes flee;
  But then she myst the blody bucher,
    And she slew other three.

  13.
  ['I will] not geve over my hous,' she saithe,
    'Netheir for lord nor lowne;
  Nor yet for traitour Captain Care,
    The lord of Easter-towne.

  14.
  'I desire of Captine Care
    And all his bloddye band,
  That he would save my eldest sonne,
    The eare of all my lande.'

  15.
  'Lap him in a shete,' he sayth,
    'And let him downe to me,
  And I shall take him in my armes,
    His waran shall I be.'

  16.
  The captayne sayd unto him selfe:
    Wyth sped, before the rest,
  He cut his tonge out of his head,
    His hart out of his breast.

  17.
  He lapt them in a handkerchef,
    And knet it of knotes three,
  And cast them over the castell-wall,
    At that gay ladye.

  18.
  'Fye upon the, Captayne Care,
    And all thy bloddy band!
  For thou hast slayne my eldest sonne,
   The ayre of all my land.'

  19.
  Then bespake the yongest sonne,
    That sat on the nurse's knee,
  Sayth, 'Mother gay, geve over your house;
    It smoldereth me.'

  20.
  'I wold geve my gold,' she saith,
    'And so I wolde my ffee,
  For a blaste of the westryn wind,
    To dryve the smoke from thee.

  21.
  'Fy upon the, John Hamleton,
    That ever I paid the hyre!
  For thou hast broken my castle-wall,
    And kyndled in the ffyre.'

  22.
  The lady gate to her close parler,
    The fire fell aboute her head;
  She toke up her children thre,
    Seth, 'Babes, we are all dead.'

  23.
  Then bespake the hye steward,
    That is of hye degree;
  Saith, 'Ladie gay, you are in close,
    Wether ye fighte or flee.'

  24.
  Lord Hamleton drem'd in his dream,
    In Carvall where he laye,
  His halle were all of fyre,
    His ladie slayne or daye.

  25.
  'Busk and bowne, my mery men all,
    Even and go ye with me;
  For I drem'd that my hall was on fyre,
    My lady slayne or day.'

  26.
  He buskt him and bown'd hym,
    And like a worthi knighte;
  And when he saw his hall burning,
    His harte was no dele lighte.

  27.
  He sett a trumpett till his mouth,
    He blew as it ples'd his grace;
  Twenty score of Hamlentons
    Was light aboute the place.

  28.
  'Had I knowne as much yesternighte
    As I do to-daye,
  Captaine Care and all his men
    Should not have gone so quite.

  29.
  'Fye upon the, Captaine Care,
    And all thy blody bande!
  Thou haste slayne my lady gay,
    More wurth then all thy lande.

  30.
  'If thou had ought eny ill will,' he saith,
    'Thou shoulde have taken my lyffe,
  And have saved my children thre,
    All and my lovesome wyffe.'


  [Annotations:
  Burden.1: 'to-towe' = too-too.
  8.2: 'bande,' bond, compact.
  8.4: 'ere,' plough.
  11.1: 'pestilett,' pistolet.
  14.4: 'eare,' and 18.4 'ayre,' both = heir.
  25.1: 'Busk and bowne,' make ready.
  26.4:'no dele,' in no way. Cf. _somedele_, etc.
  28.4: 'quite,' acquitted, unpunished.
  30.1: 'ought,' owed.]




SIR PATRICK SPENCE


+The Text+ is taken from Percy's _Reliques_ (1765), vol. i. p. 71,
'given from two MS. copies, transmitted from Scotland.' Herd had a very
similar ballad, which substitutes a Sir Andrew Wood for the hero. The
version of this ballad printed in most collections is that of Scott's
_Minstrelsy_, Sir Patrick Spens being the spelling adopted.[1] Scott
compounded his ballad of two manuscript copies and a few verses from
recitation, but the result is of unnecessary length.

    [Footnote 1: Coleridge, however, wrote of the 'grand old ballad of
    Sir Patrick Spence.']


+The Story.+--Much labour has been expended upon the question whether
this ballad has an historical basis or not. From Percy's ballad--the
present text--we can gather that Sir Patrick Spence was chosen by the
king to convey something of value to a certain destination; and later
versions tell us that the ship is bound for Norway, the object of the
voyage being either to bring home the king of Norway's daughter, or the
Scottish king's daughter, or to take out the Scottish king's daughter to
be queen in Norway. The last variation can be supported by history,
Margaret, daughter of Alexander III. of Scotland, being married in 1281
to Erik, king of Norway. Many of the knights and nobles who accompanied
her to Norway were drowned on the voyage home.

However, we need not elaborate our researches in the attempt to prove
that the ballad is historical. It is certainly of English and Scottish
origin, and has no parallels in the ballads of other lands. 'Haf owre to
Aberdour,' _i.e._ halfway between Aberdour in Buchan and the coast of
Norway, lies the island of Papa Stronsay, on which there is a tumulus
called 'the Earl's Knowe' (knoll); but the tradition, that this marks
the grave of Sir Patrick Spence, is in all probability a modern
invention.


SIR PATRICK SPENCE

  1.
  The king sits in Dumferling toune,
    Drinking the blude-reid wine:
  'O whar will I get [a] guid sailor,
    To sail this schip of mine?'

  2.
  Up and spak an eldern knicht,
    Sat at the king's richt kne:
  'Sir Patrick Spence is the best sailor
    That sails upon the se.'

  3.
  The king has written a braid letter,
    And sign'd it wi' his hand,
  And sent it to Sir Patrick Spence,
    Was walking on the sand.

  4.
  The first line that Sir Patrick red,
    A loud lauch lauched he;
  The next line that Sir Patrick red,
    The teir blinded his ee.

  5.
  'O wha is this has done this deid,
    This ill deid don to me,
  To send me out this time o' the yeir,
    To sail upon the se!

  6.
  'Mak haste, mak haste, my mirry men all,
    Our guid schip sails the morne:'
  'O say na sae, my master deir,
    Fir I feir a deadlie storme.

  7.
  'Late, late yestreen I saw the new moone
    Wi' the auld moone in hir arme,
  And I feir, I feir, my deir master,
    That we will cum to harme.'

  8.
  O our Scots nobles wer richt laith
    To weet their cork-heil'd schoone;
  Bot lang owre a' the play wer play'd,
    Thair hats they swam aboone.

  9.
  O lang, lang may their ladies sit
    Wi' thair fans into their hand
  Or eir they se Sir Patrick Spence
    Cum sailing to the land.

  10.
  O lang, lang may the ladies stand,
    Wi' thair gold kerns in their hair,
  Waiting for thair ain deir lords,
    For they'll se thame na mair.

  11.
  Haf owre, haf owre to Aberdour,
    It's fiftie fadom deip,
  And thair lies guid Sir Patrick Spence,
    Wi' the Scots lords at his feit.


  [Annotations:
  1.1: 'Dumferling,' _i.e._ Dunfermline, on the north side of the
    Firth of Forth.]




FLODDEN FIELD


+The Text+ is from Thomas Deloney's _Pleasant History of John
Winchcomb_,[1] the eighth edition of which, in 1619, is the earliest
known. 'In disgrace of the Soots,' says Deloney, 'and in remembrance of
the famous atchieved historie, the commons of England made this song,
which to this day is not forgotten of many.' I suspect it was Deloney
himself rather than the commons of England who made this song. A variant
is found in Additional MS. 32,380 in the British Museum--a statement
which might be of interest if it were not qualified by the addition
'formerly in the possession of J. Payne Collier.' That egregious
antiquary took the pains to fill the blank leaves of a sixteenth-century
manuscript with ballads either copied from their original sources,
as this from Deloney, or forged by Collier himself; he then made a
transcript in his own handwriting (Add. MS. 32,381), and finally printed
selections. In the present ballad he has inserted two or three verses of
his own; otherwise the changes from Deloney's ballad are slight.

    [Footnote 1: Reprinted from the ninth edition of 1633 by J. O.
    Halliwell [-Phillipps], 1859, where the ballad appears on pp. 48-9.
    Deloney's book was licensed in 1597.]

A very long ballad on the same subject is in the Percy Folio, and
similar copies in Harleian MSS. 293 and 367. Another is 'Scotish Field,'
also in the Percy Folio.


+The Story.+--Lesley says in his History, 'This battle was called the
Field of Flodden by the Scotsmen and Brankston [Bramstone, 8.3] by the
Englishmen, because it was stricken on the hills of Flodden beside a
town called Brankston; and was stricken the ninth day of September,
1513.'

The ballad follows history closely. 'Lord Thomas Howard' (6.1), uncle to
the queen, escorted her to Scotland in 1503: 'This is ground enough,'
says Child, 'for the ballad's making him her chamberlain ten years
later.'

'Jack with a feather' (12.1) is a contemptuous phrase directed at King
James's rashness.


FLODDEN FIELD

  1.
  King Jamie hath made a vow,
    Keep it well if he may!
  That he will be at lovely London
    Upon Saint James his day.

  2.
  'Upon Saint James his day at noon,
    At fair London will I be,
  And all the lords in merry Scotland,
    They shall dine there with me.'

  3.
  Then bespake good Queen Margaret,
    The tears fell from her eye:
  'Leave off these wars, most noble king,
    Keep your fidelity.

  4.
  'The water runs swift and wondrous deep,
    From bottom unto the brim;
  My brother Henry hath men good enough;
    England is hard to win.'

  5.
  'Away,' quoth he, 'with this silly fool!
    In prison fast let her lie:
  For she is come of the English blood,
    And for those words she shall die.'

  6.
  With that bespake Lord Thomas Howard,
    The queen's chamberlain that day:
  'If that you put Queen Margaret to death,
    Scotland shall rue it alway.'

  7.
  Then in a rage King James did say,
    'Away with this foolish mome!
  He shall be hanged, and the other be burned,
    So soon as I come home.'

  8.
  At Flodden Field the Scots came in,
    Which made our English men fain;
  At Bramstone Green this battle was seen,
    There was King Jamie slain.

  9.
  Then presently the Scots did fly,
    Their cannons they left behind;
  Their ensigns gay were won all away,
    Our soldiers did beat them blind.

  10.
  To tell you plain, twelve thousand were slain
    That to the fight did stand,
  And many prisoners took that day,
    The best in all Scotland.

  11.
  That day made many [a] fatherless child,
    And many a widow poor,
  And many a Scottish gay lady
    Sat weeping in her bower.

  12.
  Jack with a feather was lapt all in leather,
    His boastings were all in vain;
  He had such a chance, with a new morrice dance,
    He never went home again.


  [Annotations:
  7.2: 'Mome,' dolt.]




DICK O' THE COW


+The Text+ is a combination of three, but mainly from a text which seems
to have been sent to Percy in 1775. The other two are from Scottish
tradition of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. I have
made a few changes in spelling only. The ballad was certainly known
before the end of the sixteenth century, as Thomas Nashe refers to it in
1596:--'_Dick of the Cow_, that mad Demilance Northren Borderer, who
plaid his prizes with the Lord _Iockey_ so brauely' (Nashe 's _Works_,
ed. R. B. McKerrow, iii. p. 5). _Dick at the Caw_ occurs in a list of
'penny merriments' printed for, and sold by, Philip Brooksby, about
1685.


+The Story+ is yet another of the Border ballads of the Armstrongs and
Liddesdale, and tells itself in an admirable way.

The 'Cow,' of course, cannot refer to cattle, as the word would be
'Kye': possibly it means 'broom,' or the hut in which he lived. See
Murray's _Dictionary_, and cp. 9.3

'Billie' means 'brother'; hence the quaint 'billie Willie.' It is the
same word as 'bully,' used of Bottom the Weaver, which also occurs in
the ballad of _Bewick and Grahame_, 5.2 (see p. 102 of this volume).


DICK O' THE COW

  1.
  Now Liddisdale has long lain in,
          _Fa la_
  There is no rideing there at a';
          _Fa la_
  Their horse is growing so lidder and fatt
    That are lazie in the sta'.
          _Fa la la didle_

  2.
  Then Johne Armstrang to Willie can say,
    'Billie, a rideing then will we;
  England and us has been long at a feed;
    Perhaps we may hitt of some bootie.

  3.
  Then they're com'd on to Hutton Hall,
    They rade that proper place about;
  But the laird he was the wiser man,
    For he had left nae gear without.

  4.
  Then he had left nae gear to steal,
    Except six sheep upon a lee;
  Says Johnie, 'I'de rather in England die,
    Before their six sheep goed to Liddisdale with me.

  5.
  'But how cal'd they the man we last with mett,
    Billie, as we came over the know?'
  'That same he is an innocent fool,
    And some men calls him Dick o' the Cow.'

  6.
  'That fool has three as good kyne of his own
    As is in a' Cumberland, billie,' quoth he;
  'Betide my life, betide my death,
    These three kyne shal go to Liddisdaile with me.'

  7.
  Then they're com'd on to the poor fool's house,
    And they have broken his wals so wide;
  They have loos'd out Dick o' the Cow's kyne three,
    And tane three co'erlets off his wife's bed.

  8.
  Then on the morn, when the day grew light,
    The shouts and crys rose loud and high;
  'Hold thy tongue, my wife,' he says,
    'And of thy crying let me bee.

  9.
  'Hald thy tongue, my wife,' he says,
    'And of thy crying let me bee,
  And ay that where thou wants a kow,
    Good sooth that I shal bring thee three.'

  10.
  Then Dick's com'd on to lord and master,
    And I wat a drerie fool was he;
  'Hald thy tongue, my fool,' he says,
    'For I may not stand to jest with thee.'

  11.
  'Shame speed a' your jesting, my lord,' quo' Dickie,
    'For nae such jesting 'grees with me;
  Liddesdaile has been in my house this last night,
    And they have tane my three kyne from me.'

  12.
  'But I may nae langer in Cumberland dwel,
    To be your poor fool and your leel,
  Unless ye give me leave, my lord,
    To go to Liddisdale and steal.'

  13.
  'To give thee leave, my fool,' he says,
    'Thou speaks against mine honour and me;
  Unless thou give me thy troth and thy right hand,
    Thou'l steal frae nane but them that sta' from thee.'

  14.
  'There is my trouth and my right hand;
    My head shal hing on Hairibie,
  I'le never crose Carlele sands again,
    If I steal frae a man but them that sta' frae me.'

  15.
  Dickie has tane leave at lord and master,
    And I wat a merrie fool was he;
  He has bought a bridle and a pair of new spurs,
    And has packed them up in his breek-thigh.

  16.
  Then Dickie's come on for Puddinburn,
    Even as fast as he may drie;
  Dickie's come on for Puddinburn,
    Where there was thirty Armstrongs and three.

  17.
  'What's this com'd on me!' quo' Dicke,
    'What meakle wae's this happen'd on me,' quo' he,
  'Where here is but an innocent fool,
    And there is thirty Armstrongs and three!'

  18.
  Yet he's com'd up to the hall among them all;
    So wel he became his courtisie;
  'Well may ye be, my good Laird's Jock,
    But the deil bless all your companie!

  19.
  'I'm come to plain of your man Fair Johnie Armstrong,
    And syne his billie Willie,' quo' he;
  'How they have been in my house this last night,
    And they have tane my three ky frae me.'

  20.
  Quo' Johnie Armstrong, 'We'll him hang;'
    'Nay,' then quo' Willie, 'we'll him slae;'
  But up bespake another young man,
    'We'le nit him in a four-nooked sheet,
  Give him his burden of batts, and lett him gae.'

  21.
  Then up bespake the good Laird's Jock,
    The best falla in the companie;
  'Sitt thy way down a little while, Dicke,
    And a peice of thine own cow's hough I'l give to thee.'

  22.
  But Dickie's heart it grew so great
    That never a bitt of it he dought to eat;
  But Dickie was warr of ane auld peat-house,
    Where there al the night he thought for to sleep.

  23.
  Then Dickie was warr of that auld peat-house,
    Where there al the night he thought for to ly;
  And a' the prayers the poor fool pray'd was,
    'I wish I had a mense for my own three kye!'

  24.
  Then it was the use of Puddinburn,
    And the house of Mangertoun, all haile!
  These that came not at the first call
    They gott no more meat till the next meall.

  25.
  The lads, that hungry and aevery was,
    Above the door-head they flang the key.
  Dickie took good notice to that;
    Says, 'There's a bootie younder for me.'

  26.
  Then Dickie's gane into the stable,
    Where there stood thirty horse and three;
  He has ty'd them a' with St. Mary knot,
    All these horse but barely three.

  27.
  He has ty'd them a' with St. Mary knot,
    All these horse but barely three;
  He has loupen on one, taken another in his hand,
    And out at the door and gane is Dickie.

  28.
  Then on the morn, when the day grew light,
    The shouts and cryes rose loud and high;
  'What's that theife?' quo' the good Laird's Jock,
    'Tel me the truth and the verity.

  29.
  'What's that theife?' quo' the good Laird's Jock,
    'See unto me ye do not lie.
  Dick o' the Cow has been in the stable this last nicht,
    And has my brother's horse and mine frae me.'

  30.
  'Ye wad never be tel'd it,' quo' the Laird's Jock,
    'Have ye not found my tales fu' leel?
  Ye wad never out of England bide,
    Till crooked and blind and a' wad steal.'

  31.
  'But will thou lend me thy bay?' Fair Johne Armstrong can say,
    'There's nae mae horse loose in the stable but he;
  And I'le either bring ye Dick o' the Kow again.
    Or the day is come that he must die.'

  32.
  'To lend thee my bay,' the Laird's Jock can say,
    'He's both worth gold and good monie;
  Dick o' the Kow has away twa horse,
    I wish no thou should make him three.'

  33.
  He has tane the Laird's jack on his back,
    The twa-handed sword that hang leugh by his thigh;
  He has tane the steel cap on his head,
    And on is he to follow Dickie.

  34.
  Then Dickie was not a mile off the town,
    I wat a mile but barely three,
  Till John Armstrong has o'ertane Dick o' the Kow,
    Hand for hand on Cannobie lee.

  35.
  'Abide thee, bide now, Dickie than,
    The day is come that thou must die.'
  Dickie looked o'er his left shoulder,
    'Johnie, has thou any mo in thy company?

  36.
  'There is a preacher in our chapell,
    And a' the lee-lang day teaches he;
  When day is gane, and night is come,
    There's never a word I mark but three.

  37.
  'The first and second's Faith and Conscience,
    The third is, Johnie, Take head of thee!
  But what faith and conscience had thou, traitor,
    When thou took my three kye frae me?

  38.
  'And when thou had tane my three kye,
    Thou thought in thy heart thou was no wel sped;
  But thou sent thy billie Willie o'er the know,
    And he took three co'erlets off my wife's bed.'

  39.
  Then Johne lett a spear fa' leugh by his thigh,
    Thought well to run the innocent through,
  But the powers above was more than his,
    He ran but the poor fool's jerkin through.

  40.
  Together they ran or ever they blan;
    This was Dickie the fool, and hee;
  Dickie could not win to him with the blade of the sword,
    But he fel'd him with the plummet under the eye.

  41.
  Now Dickie has fel'd Fair Johne Armstrong,
    The prettiest man in the south countrey;
  'Gramercie,' then can Dickie say,
    'I had twa horse, thou has made me three.'

  42.
  He has tane the laird's jack of his back,
    The twa-handed sword that hang leugh by his thigh;
  He has tane the steel cap off his head;
    'Johnie, I'le tel my master I met with thee.'

  43.
  When Johne waken'd out of his dream,
    I wat a drery man was he;
  'Is thou gane now, Dickie, than?
    The shame gae in thy company!

  44.
  'Is thou gane now, Dickie, than?
    The shame go in thy companie!
  For if I should live this hundred year,
    I shal never fight with a fool after thee.'

  45.
  Then Dickie comed home to lord and master,
    Even as fast as he may drie.
  'Now, Dickie, I shal neither eat meat nor drink
    Till high hanged that thou shall be!'

  46.
  'The shame speed the liars, my lord!' quo' Dickie,
    'That was no the promise ye made to me;
  For I'd never gane to Liddesdale to steal
    Till that I sought my leave at thee.'

  47.
  'But what gart thou steal the Laird's Jock's horse?
    And, limmer, what gart thou steal him?' quo' he;
  'For lang might thou in Cumberland dwelt
    Or the Laird's Jock had stoln ought frae thee.'

  48.
  'Indeed I wat ye lee'd, my lord,
    And even so loud as I hear ye lie;
  I wan him frae his man, Fair Johne Armstrong,
    Hand for hand on Cannobie lee.

  49.
  'There's the jack was on his back,
    The twa-handed sword that hung leugh by his thigh;
  There's the steel cap was on his head;
    I have a' these takens to lett you see.'

  50.
  'If that be true thou to me tels
    (I trow thou dare not tel a lie),
  I'le give thee twenty pound for the good horse,
    Wel tel'd in thy cloke-lap shall be.

  51.
  'And I'le give thee one of my best milk-kye
    To maintain thy wife and children three;
  And that may be as good, I think,
    As ony twa o' thine might be.'

  52.
  'The shame speed the liars, my lord!' quo' Dickie;
    'Trow ye ay to make a fool of me?
  I'le either have thirty pound for the good horse,
    Or else he's gae to Mattan fair wi' me.'

  53.
  Then he has given him thirty pound for the good horse,
    All in gold and good monie:
  He has given him one of his best milk-kye
    To maintain his wife and children three.

  54.
  Then Dickie's come down through Carlile town,
    Even as fast as he may drie.
  The first of men that he with mett
    Was my lord's brother, Bailife Glazenberrie.

  55.
  'Well may ye be, my good Ralph Scrupe!'
    'Welcome, my brother's fool!' quo' he;
  'Where did thou gett Fair Johnie Armstrong's horse?'
    'Where did I get him but steal him,' quo' he.

  56.
  'But will thou sell me Fair Johnie Armstrong's horse?
    And, billie, will thou sell him to me?' quo' he;
  'Ay, and [thou] tel me the monie on my cloke-lap,
    For there's not one farthing I'le trust thee.'

  57.
  'I'le give thee fifteen pound for the good horse,
    Wel told on thy cloke-lap shal be;
  And I'le give thee one of my best milk-kye
    To maintain thy wife and thy children three.'

  58.
  'The shame speed the liars, my lord!' quo' Dicke,
    'Trow ye ay to make a fool of me?' quo' he;
  'I'le either have thirty pound for the good horse.
    Or else he's to Mattan Fair with me.'

  59.
  He has given him thirty pound for the good horse,
    All in gold and good monie;
  He has given him one of his best milk-kye
    To maintain his wife and children three.

  60.
  Then Dickie lap a loup on high,
    And I wat a loud laughter leugh he;
  'I wish the neck of the third horse were browken,
    For I have a better of my own, and onie better can be.'

  61.
  Then Dickie com'd hame to his wife again.
    Judge ye how the poor fool he sped!
  He has given her three score of English pounds
    For the three auld co'erlets was tane off her bed.

  62.
  'Hae, take thee there twa as good kye,
    I trow, as all thy three might be;
  And yet here is a white-footed naigg,
    I think he'le carry both thee and me.

  63.
  'But I may no langer in Cumberland dwell;
    The Armstrongs they'le hang me high.'
  But Dickie has tane leave at lord and master,
    And Burgh under Stanemuir there dwels Dickie.


  [Annotations:
  1.3: 'lidder,' lazy.
  2.2: 'billie,' brother.
  2.3: 'feed,' feud.
  5.2: 'know,' hillock.
  20.5: 'burden of batts,' all the blows he can bear.
  22.2: 'dought,' was able.
  25.1: 'aevery,' ravenous.
  26.3: 'St. Mary knot,' a triple knot.
  32.4: The copy reads 'should no make.'
  33.1: 'jack,' jerkin.
  40.1: 'blan,' stopped.
  47.2: 'limmer,' rascal.
  56.3: I have inserted 'thou' to complete the sense; 'and,' here and
    below, 60.4, meaning 'if.']




SIR HUGH IN THE GRIME'S DOWNFALL


+The Text+ given here is comparatively a late one, from the Roxburghe
collection (iii. 456). An earlier broadside, in the same and other
collections, gives a longer but curiously corrupted version, exhibiting
such perversions as 'Screw' for 'Scroop,' and 'Garlard' for 'Carlisle.'


+The Story+ in its full form relates that Sir Hugh in the Grime (Hughie
Graeme or Graham) stole a mare from the Bishop of Carlisle, by way of
retaliation for the Bishop's seduction of his wife. He was pursued by
Lord Scroop, taken, and conveyed to Carlisle and hanged.

Scott suggested that Hugh Graham may have been one of four hundred
Borderers accused to the Bishop of Carlisle of various murders and
thefts about 1548.


SIR HUGH IN THE GRIME'S DOWNFALL

  1.
  Good Lord John is a hunting gone,
    Over the hills and dales so far,
  For to take Sir Hugh in the Grime,
    For stealing of the bishop's mare.
            _He derry derry down_

  2.
  Hugh in the Grime was taken then
    And carried to Carlisle town;
  The merry women came out amain,
    Saying, 'The name of Grime shall never go down.'

  3.
  O then a jury of women was brought,
    Of the best that could be found;
  Eleven of them spoke all at once,
    Saying 'The name of Grime shall never go down.'

  4.
  And then a jury of men was brought,
    More the pity for to be!
  Eleven of them spoke all at once,
    Saying 'Hugh in the Grime, you are guilty.'

  5.
  Hugh in the Grime was cast to be hang'd,
    Many of his friends did for him lack;
  For fifteen foot in the prisin he did jump,
    With his hands tyed fast behind his back.

  6.
  Then bespoke our good Lady Ward,
    As she set on the bench so high;
  'A peck of white pennys I'll give to my lord,
    If he'll grant Hugh Grime to me.

  7.
  'And if it be not full enough,
    I'll stroke it up with my silver fan;
  And if it be not full enough,
    I'll heap it up with my own hand.'

  8.
  'Hold your tongue now, Lady Ward,
    And of your talkitive let it be!
  There is never a Grime came in this court
    That at thy bidding shall saved be.'

  9.
  Then bespoke our good Lady Moor,
    As she sat on the bench so high;
  'A yoke of fat oxen I'll give to my lord,
    If he'll grant Hugh Grime to me.'

  10.
  'Hold your tongue now, good Lady Moor,
    And of your talkitive let it be!
  There is never a Grime came to this court
    That at thy bidding saved shall be.'

  11.
  Sir Hugh in the Grime look'd out of the door,
    With his hand out of the bar;
  There he spy'd his father dear,
    Tearing of his golden hair.

  12.
  'Hold your tongue, good father dear,
    And of your weeping let it be!
  For if they bereave me of my life,
    They cannot bereave me of the heavens so high.'

  13.
  Sir Hugh in the Grime look'd out at the door;
    Oh, what a sorry heart had he!
  There he spy'd his mother dear,
    Weeping and wailing 'Oh, woe is me!'

  14.
  'Hold your tongue now, mother dear,
    And of your weeping let it be!
  For if they bereave me of my life,
    They cannot bereave me of heaven's fee.

  15.
  'I'll leave my sword to Johnny Armstrong,
    That is made of mettal so fine,
  That when he comes to the border-side
    He may think of Hugh in the Grime.'




THE DEATH OF PARCY REED


+The Text.+--There are two texts available for this ballad, of which the
second one, here given, was said to have been taken down from the
singing of an old woman by James Telfer of Liddesdale, and was so
printed in Richardson's _Borderers' Table Book_ (1846). It preserves
almost the whole of the other version, taken from Robert White's papers,
who recorded it in 1829; but it obviously bears marks of having been
tampered with by Telfer. However, it contains certain stanzas which
Child says may be regarded as traditional, and it is therefore preferred
here.


+The Story.+--Percival or Parcy Reed was warden of the district round
Troughend, a high tract of land in Redesdale. In the discharge of his
duties he incurred the enmity of the family of Hall of Girsonsfield (two
miles east of Troughend) and of some moss-troopers named Crosier. As the
ballad shows, the treachery of the Halls delivered Parcy Reed into the
Crosiers' hands at a hut in Batinghope, a glen westward of the Whitelee
stream. Local tradition adds to the details narrated in the ballad that
Parcy's wife had been warned by a dream of her husband's danger, and
that on the following morning his loaf of bread happened to be turned
upside down--a very bad omen.

Further, we learn from the same source, the Crosiers' barbarous
treatment of Parcy's corpse aroused the indignation of the
neighbourhood, and they and the treacherous Halls were driven away.

Girsonsfield has belonged to no one of the name of Hall as far back as
Elizabeth, whence it is argued that the ballad is not later than the
sixteenth century.


THE DEATH OF PARCY REED

  1.
  God send the land deliverance
    Frae every reaving, riding Scot!
  We'll sune hae neither cow nor ewe,
    We'll sune hae neither staig nor stot.

  2.
  The outlaws come frae Liddesdale,
    They herry Redesdale far and near;
  The rich man's gelding it maun gang,
    They canna pass the puir man's mear.

  3.
  Sure it were weel, had ilka thief
    Around his neck a halter strang;
  And curses heavy may they light
    On traitors vile oursels amang.

  4.
  Now Parcy Reed has Crosier taen,
    He has delivered him to the law;
  But Crosier says he'll do waur than that,
    He'll make the tower o' Troughend fa'.

  5.
  And Crosier says he will do waur,
    He will do waur if waur can be;
  He'll make the bairns a' fatherless;
    And then the land it may lie lee.

  6.
  'To the hunting, ho!' cried Parcy Reed,
    'The morning sun is on the dew;
  The cauler breeze frae off the fells
    Will lead the dogs to the quarry true.

  7.
  'To the hunting, ho!' cried Parcy Reed,
    And to the hunting he has gane;
  And the three fause Ha's o' Girsonsfield
    Alang wi' him he has them ta'en.

  8.
  They hunted high, they hunted low,
    By heathery hill and birken shaw;
  They raised a buck on Rooken Edge,
    And blew the mort at fair Ealylawe.

  9.
  They hunted high, they hunted low,
    They made the echoes ring amain;
  With music sweet o' horn and hound,
    They merry made fair Redesdale glen.

  10.
  They hunted high, they hunted low,
    They hunted up, they hunted down,
  Until the day was past the prime,
    And it grew late in the afternoon.

  11.
  They hunted high in Batinghope,
    When as the sun was sinking low.
  Says Parcy then, 'Ca' off the dogs,
    We'll bait our steeds and homeward go.'

  12.
  They lighted high in Batinghope,
    Atween the brown and benty ground;
  They had but rested a little while,
    Till Parcy Reed was sleeping sound.

  13.
  There's nane may lean on a rotten staff,
    But him that risks to get a fa';
  There's nane may in a traitor trust,
    And traitors black were every Ha'.

  14.
  They've stown the bridle off his steed,
    And they've put water in his lang gun;
  They've fixed his sword within the sheath,
    That out again it winna come.

  15.
  'Awaken ye, waken ye, Parcy Reed,
    Or by your enemies be taen;
  For yonder are the five Crosiers
    A-coming owre the Hingin-stane.'

  16.
  'If they be five, and we be four,
    Sae that ye stand alang wi' me,
  Then every man ye will take one,
    And only leave but two to me.
  We will them meet as brave men ought,
    And make them either fight or flee.'

  17.
  'We mayna stand, we canna stand,
    We daurna stand alang wi' thee;
  The Crosiers haud thee at a feud,
    And they wad kill baith thee and we.'

  18.
  'O, turn thee, turn thee, Johnnie Ha',
    O, turn thee, man, and fight wi' me;
  When ye come to Troughend again,
    My gude black naig I will gie thee;
  He cost full twenty pound o' gowd,
    Atween my brother John and me

  19.
  'I mayna turn, I canna turn,
    I daurna turn and fight wi' thee;
  The Crosiers haud thee at a feud,
    And they wad kill baith thee and me.'

  20.
  'O, turn thee, turn thee, Willie Ha',
    O, turn thee, man, and fight wi' me;
  When ye come to Troughend again,
    A yoke o' owsen I'll gie thee.'

  21.
  'I mayna turn, I canna turn,
    I daurna turn and fight wi' thee;
  The Crosiers haud thee at a feud,
    And they wad kill baith thee and me.'

  22.
  'O, turn thee, turn thee, Tommy Ha',
    O, turn now, man, and fight wi' me;
  If ever we come to Troughend again,
    My daughter Jean I'll gie to thee.'

  23.
  'I mayna turn, I canna turn,
    I daurna turn, and fight wi' thee;
  The Crosiers haud thee at a feud,
    And they wad kill baith thee and me.'

  24.
  'O, shame upon ye, traitors a'!
    I wish your hames ye may never see;
  Ye've stown the bridle off my naig,
    And I can neither fight nor flee.

  25.
  'Ye've stown the bridle off my naig,
    And ye've put water i' my lang gun;
  Ye've fixed my sword within the sheath,
    That out again it winna come.'

  26.
  He had but time to cross himsel',
    A prayer he hadna time to say,
  Till round him came the Crosiers keen,
    All riding graithed, and in array.

  27.
  'Weel met, weel met, now, Parcy Reed,
    Thou art the very man we sought;
  Owre lang hae we been in your debt,
    Now will we pay you as we ought.

  28.
  'We'll pay thee at the nearest tree,
    Where we shall hang thee like a hound;'
  Brave Parcy rais'd his fankit sword,
    And fell'd the foremost to the ground.

  29.
  Alake, and wae for Parcy Reed,
    Alake, he was an unarmed man;
  Four weapons pierced him all at once,
    As they assailed him there and than.

  30.
  They fell upon him all at once,
    They mangled him most cruellie;
  The slightest wound might caused his deid,
    And they hae gi'en him thirty-three:
  They hacket off his hands and feet,
    And left him lying on the lee.

  31.
  'Now, Parcy Reed, we've paid our debt,
    Ye canna weel dispute the tale,'
  The Crosiers said, and off they rade;
    They rade the airt o' Liddesdale.

  32.
  It was the hour o' gloaming gray,
    When herds come in frae fauld and pen;
  A herd he saw a huntsman lie,
    Says he, 'Can this be Laird Troughen'?'

  33.
  'There's some will ca' me Parcy Reed,
    And some will ca' me Laird Troughen';
  It's little matter what they ca' me,
    My faes hae made me ill to ken.

  34.
  'There's some will ca' me Parcy Reed,
    And speak my praise in tower and town
  It's little matter what they do now,
    My life-blood rudds the heather brown.

  35.
  'There's some will ca' me Parcy Reed,
    And a' my virtues say and sing;
  I would much rather have just now
    A draught o' water frae the spring.'

  36.
  The herd flung aff his clouted shoon,
    And to the nearest fountain ran;
  He made his bonnet serve a cup,
    And wan the blessing o' the dying man.

  37.
  'Now, honest herd, you maun do mair,--
    Ye maun do mair as I you tell;
  You maun bear tidings to Troughend,
    And bear likewise my last farewell.

  38.
  'A farewell to my wedded wife,
    A farewell to my brother John,
  Wha sits into the Troughend tower,
    Wi' heart as black as any stone.

  39.
  'A farewell to my daughter Jean,
    A farewell to my young sons five;
  Had they been at their father's hand,
    I had this night been man alive.

  40.
  'A farewell to my followers a',
    And a' my neighbours gude at need;
  Bid them think how the treacherous Ha's
    Betrayed the life o' Parcy Reed.

  41.
  'The laird o' Clennel bears my bow,
    The laird o' Brandon bears my brand;
  Whene'er they ride i' the Border side,
    They'll mind the fate o' the laird Troughend.'


  [Annotations:
  1.2: 'reaving,' robbing.
  1.4: 'staig,' horse; 'stot,' ox.
  26.4: 'graithed,' accoutred.
  28.3: 'fankit,' entangled.
  31.4: 'the airt o',' _i.e._ in the direction of.]




BEWICK AND GRAHAME


+The Text+ is from several broadsides and chap-books, but mainly depends
on a stall-copy entitled _The Song of Bewick and Grahame_, approximately
dated 1740. Sir Walter Scott considered this ballad 'remarkable, as
containing probably the very latest allusion to the institution of
brotherhood in arms' (see 14.4, and the use of the word 'bully'); but
Child strongly suspects there was an older and better copy than those
extant, none of which is earlier than the eighteenth century.


+The Story+ is concerned with two fathers, who boast about their sons,
and cause the two lads to fight. Christy Graham is faced with the
dilemma of fighting either his father or his brother-in-arms, and
decides to meet the latter; but, should he kill his friend, he
determines not to return alive. Young Bewick takes a similar vow. They
fight two hours, and at last an 'ackward' stroke kills Bewick, and
Christy falls on his sword. The two fathers lament, and the
ballad-singer finishes by putting the blame on them.


BEWICK AND GRAHAME

  1.
  Old Grahame he is to Carlisle gone,
    Where Sir Robert Bewick there met he;
  In arms to the wine they are gone,
    And drank till they were both merry.

  2.
  Old Grahame he took up the cup,
    And said, 'Brother Bewick, here's to thee,
  And here's to our two sons at home,
    For they live best in our country.'

  3.
  'Nay, were thy son as good as mine,
    And of some books he could but read,
  With sword and buckler by his side,
    To see how he could save his head.

  4.
  'They might have been call'd two bold brethren
    Where ever they did go or ride;
  They might have been call'd two bold brethren,
    They might have crack'd the Border-side.

  5.
  Thy son is bad, and is but a lad,
    And bully to my son cannot be;
  For my son Bewick can both write and read,
    And sure I am that cannot he.'

  6.
  'I put him to school, but he would not learn,
    I bought him books but he would not read;
  But my blessing he's never have
    Till I see how his hand can save his head.'

  7.
  Old Grahame called for an account,
    And he ask'd what was for to pay;
  There he paid a crown, so it went round,
    Which was all for good wine and hay.

  8.
  Old Grahame is into the stable gone,
    Where stood thirty good steeds and three;
  He's taken his own steed by the head,
    And home rode he right wantonly.

  9.
  When he came home, there did he espy
    A loving sight to spy or see,
  There did he espy his own three sons,
    Young Christy Grahame, the foremost was he.

  10.
  There did he espy his own three sons,
    Young Christy Grahame, the foremost was he;
  'Where have you been all day, father,
    That no counsel you would take by me?'

  11.
  'Nay, I have been in Carlisle town,
    Where Sir Robert Bewick there met me;
  He said thou was bad, and call'd thee a lad,
    And a baffled man by thou I be.

  12.
  'He said thou was bad, and call'd thee a lad,
    And bully to his son cannot be;
  For his son Bewick can both write and read,
    And sure I am that cannot thee.

  13.
  'I put thee to school, but thou would not learn,
    I bought thee books, but thou would not read;
  But my blessing thou's never have
    Till I see with Bewick thou can save thy head.'

  14.
  'Oh, pray forbear, my father dear;
    That ever such a thing should be!
  Shall I venture my body in field to fight
    With a man that's faith and troth to me?'

  15.
  'What's that thou sayst, thou limmer loon?
    Or how dare thou stand to speak to me?
  If thou do not end this quarrel soon,
    Here is my glove, thou shalt fight me.'

  16.
  Christy stoop'd low unto the ground,
    Unto the ground, as you'll understand;
  'O father, put on your glove again,
    The wind hath blown it from your hand.'

  17.
  'What's that thou sayst, thou limmer loon?
    Or how dare thou stand to speak to me?
  If thou do not end this quarrel soon,
    Here is my hand, thou shalt fight me.'

  18.
  Christy Grahame is to his chamber gone,
    And for to study, as well might be,
  Whether to fight with his father dear,
    Or with his bully Bewick he.

  19.
  'If it be my fortune my bully to kill,
    As you shall boldly understand,
  In every town that I ride through,
    They'll say, There rides a brotherless man!

  20.
  'Nay, for to kill my bully dear,
    I think it will be a deadly sin;
  And for to kill my father dear,
    The blessing of heaven I ne'er shall win.

  21.
  'O give me your blessing, father,' he said,
    'And pray well for me for to thrive;
  If it be my fortune my bully to kill,
    I swear I'll ne'er come home alive.'

  22.
  He put on his back a good plate-jack,
    And on his head a cap of steel,
  With sword and buckler by his side;
    O gin he did not become them well!

  23.
  'O fare thee well, my father dear!
    And fare thee well, thou Carlisle town!
  If it be my fortune my bully to kill,
    I swear I'll ne'er eat bread again.'

  24.
  Now we'll leave talking of Christy Grahame,
    And talk of him again belive;
  But we will talk of bonny Bewick,
    Where he was teaching his scholars five.

  25.
  Now when he had learn'd them well to fence,
    To handle their swords without any doubt,
  He's taken his own sword under his arm,
    And walk'd his father's close about.

  26.
  He look'd between him and the sun,
    To see what farleys he could see;
  There he spy'd a man with armour on,
    As he came riding over the lee.

  27.
  'I wonder much what man yon be
    That so boldly this way does come;
  I think it is my nighest friend,
    I think it is my bully Grahame.

  28.
  'O welcome, O welcome, bully Grahame!
    O man, thou art my dear, welcome!
  O man, thou art my dear, welcome!
    For I love thee best in Christendom.'

  29.
  'Away, away, O bully Bewick,
    And of thy bullyship let me be!
  The day is come I never thought on;
    Bully, I'm come here to fight with thee.'

  30.
  'O no! not so, O bully Grahame!
    That e'er such a word should spoken be!
  I was thy master, thou was my scholar;
    So well as I have learned thee.'

  31.
  'My father he was in Carlisle town,
    Where thy father Bewick there met he;
  He said I was bad, and he call'd me a lad,
    And a baffled man by thou I be.'

  32.
  'Away, away, O bully Grahame,
    And of all that talk, man, let us be!
  We'll take three men of either side
    To see if we can our fathers agree.'

  33.
  'Away, away, O bully Bewick,
    And of thy bullyship let me be!
  But if thou be a man, as I trow thou art,
    Come over this ditch and fight with me.'

  34.
  'O no, not so, my bully Grahame!
    That e'er such a word should spoken be!
  Shall I venture my body in field to fight
    With a man that's faith and troth to me?'

  35.
  'Away, away, O bully Bewick,
    And of all that care, man, let us be!
  If thou be a man, as I trow thou art,
    Come over this ditch and fight with me.'

  36.
  'Now, if it be my fortune thee, Grahame, to kill,
    As God's will's, man, it all must be:
  But if it be my fortune thee, Grahame, to kill,
    'Tis home again I'll never gae.'

  37.
  'Thou art then of my mind, bully Bewick,
    And sworn-brethren will we be;
  If thou be a man, as I trow thou art,
    Come over this ditch and fight with me.'

  38.
  He flang his cloak from off his shoulders,
    His psalm-book out of his hand flung he,
  He clap'd his hand upon the hedge,
    And o'er lap he right wantonly.

  39.
  When Grahame did see his bully come,
    The salt tear stood long in his eye;
  'Now needs must I say that thou art a man,
    That dare venture thy body to fight with me.

  40.
  'Now I have a harness on my back;
    I know that thou hath none on thine;
  But as little as thou hath on thy back,
    Sure as little shall there be on mine.'

  41.
  He flang his jack from off his back,
    His steel cap from his head flang he;
  He's taken his sword into his hand,
    He's tyed his horse unto a tree.

  42.
  Now they fell to it with two broad swords,
    For two long hours fought Bewick and he;
  Much sweat was to be seen on them both,
    But never a drop of blood to see.

  43.
  Now Grahame gave Bewick an ackward stroke,
    An ackward stroke surely struck he;
  He struck him now under the left breast,
    Then down to the ground as dead fell he.

  44.
  'Arise, arise, O bully Bewick,
    Arise, and speak three words to me!
  Whether this be thy deadly wound,
    Or God and good surgeons will mend thee.'

  45.
  'O horse, O horse, O bully Grahame,
    And pray do get thee far from me!
  Thy sword is sharp, it hath wounded my heart,
    And so no further can I gae.

  46.
  'O horse, O horse, O bully Grahame,
    And get thee far from me with speed!
  And get thee out of this country quite!
    That none may know who's done the deed.'

  47.
  'O if this be true, my bully dear,
    The words that thou dost tell to me,
  The vow I made, and the vow I'll keep;
    I swear I'll be the first to die.'

  48.
  Then he stuck his sword in a moudie-hill,
    Where he lap thirty good foot and three;
  First he bequeathed his soul to God,
    And upon his own sword-point lap he.

  49.
  Now Grahame he was the first that died,
    And then came Robin Bewick to see;
  'Arise, arise, O son,' he said,
    'For I see thou's won the victory.

  50.
  'Arise, arise, O son,' he said,
    'For I see thou's won the victory;'
  'Father, could ye not drunk your wine at home,
    And letten me and my brother be?

  51.
  'Nay, dig a grave both low and wide,
    And in it us two pray bury;
  But bury my bully Grahame on the sun-side,
    For I'm sure he's won the victory.'

  52.
  Now we'll leave talking of these two brethren,
    In Carlisle town where they lie slain,
  And talk of these two good old men,
    Where they were making a pitiful moan.

  53.
  With that bespoke now Robin Bewick;
    'O man, was I not much to blame?
  I have lost one of the liveliest lads
    That ever was bred unto my name.'

  54.
  With that bespoke my good lord Grahame;
    'O man, I have lost the better block;
  I have lost my comfort and my joy,
    I have lost my key, I have lost my lock.

  55.
  'Had I gone through all Ladderdale,
    And forty horse had set on me,
  Had Christy Grahame been at my back,
    So well as he would guarded me.'

  56.
  I have no more of my song to sing,
    But two or three words to you I'll name;
  But 'twill be talk'd in Carlisle town
    That these two old men were all the blame.


  [Annotations:
  5.2: 'bully,' = billie, brother. See page 75.
  24.2: 'belive,' soon.
  26.2: 'farleys,' wonders, novelties.
  48.1: 'moudie-hill,' mole-hill.]




THE FIRE OF FRENDRAUGHT


+The Text+ is from Motherwell's _Minstrelsy_. He received the ballad
from Charles Kirkpatrick Sharp. In Maidment's _North Countrie Garland_
there is a similar version with a number of small verbal differences.


+The Story.+--Frendraught in Aberdeenshire, and Rothiemay in Banffshire,
lie on opposite sides of the Deveron, which separates the counties.
A feud began (as the result of a dispute over fishing rights) between
Crichton of Frendraught and Gordon of Rothiemay, and in a fight on the
first day of the year 1630, Rothiemay and others were killed. Kinsmen of
both parties were involved; and though the broil was temporarily
settled, another soon sprang up. The Lord John of the ballad was
Viscount Melgum, the second son of the Marquis of Huntly, who was
appealed to as a peacemaker between the factions of Leslie and Crichton.
Lord John and Rothiemay were sent by the Marquis to escort Frendraught
to his home, a precaution rendered necessary by the knowledge that the
Leslies were in ambuscade. Arrived at Frendraught, the laird and lady
entreated the two young men to remain the night, and eventually
prevailed on them to do so.

However (though it was long disputed whether the fire was an accident or
not), it seems that the ancient grudge against Rothiemay moved
Frendraught to sacrifice 'a great quantity of silver, both coined and
uncoined,' in the firing of his house for the sake of burning Rothiemay.

Sophia Hay (25.1) was the daughter of the Earl of Erroll, and Viscount
Melgum's wife. The last two lines of the ballad are not easily
explained, as the lady is recorded to have been deeply attached to her
husband; but it is possible that they have been inserted from a similar
stanza in some other ballad.


THE FIRE OF FRENDRAUGHT

  1.
  The eighteenth of October,
    A dismal tale to hear
  How good Lord John and Rothiemay
    Was both burnt in the fire.

  2.
  When steeds was saddled and well bridled,
    And ready for to ride,
  Then out it came her false Frendraught,
    Inviting them to bide.

  3.
  Said, 'Stay this night untill we sup,
    The morn untill we dine;
  'Twill be a token of good 'greement
    'Twixt your good Lord and mine.'

  4.
  'We'll turn again,' said good Lord John;
    'But no,' said Rothiemay,
  'My steed's trapan'd, my bridle's broken,
    I fear the day I'm fey.'

  5.
  When mass was sung, and bells was rung,
    And all men bound for bed,
  Then good Lord John and Rothiemay
    In one chamber was laid.

  6.
  They had not long cast off their cloaths,
    And were but now asleep,
  When the weary smoke began to rise,
    Likewise the scorching heat.

  7.
  'O waken, waken, Rothiemay!
    O waken, brother dear!
  And turn you to our Saviour;
    There is strong treason here.'

  8.
  When they were dressed in their cloaths,
    And ready for to boun,
  The doors and windows was all secured,
    The roof-tree burning down.

  9.
  He did him to the wire-window
    As fast as he could gang;
  Says 'Wae to the hands put in the stancheons!
    For out we'll never win.'

  10.
  When he stood at the wire-window,
    Most doleful to be seen,
  He did espy her Lady Frendraught,
    Who stood upon the green.

  11.
  Cried 'Mercy, mercy, Lady Frendraught,
    Will ye not sink with sin?
  For first your husband killed my father,
    And now you burn his son.'

  12.
  O then out spoke her Lady Frendraught,
    And loudly did she cry;
  'It were great pity for good Lord John,
    But none for Rothiemay;
  But the keys are casten in the deep draw well,
    Ye cannot get away.'

  13.
  While he stood in this dreadful plight,
    Most piteous to be seen,
  There called out his servant Gordon,
    As he had frantic been.

  14.
  'O loup, O loup, my dear master!
    O loup and come to me!
  I'll catch you in my arms two,
    One foot I will not flee.

  15.
  'O loup, O loup, my dear master!
    O loup and come away!
  I'll catch you in my arms two,
    But Rothiemay may lie.'

  16.
  'The fish shall never swim in the flood,
    Nor corn grow through the clay,
  Nor the fiercest fire that was ever kindled
    Twin me and Rothiemay.

  17.
  'But I cannot loup, I cannot come,
    I cannot win to thee;
  My head's fast in the wire-window,
    My feet burning from me.

  18.
  'My eyes are seething in my head,
    My flesh roasting also,
  My bowels are boiling with my blood;
    Is not that a woeful woe?

  19.
  'Take here the rings from my white fingers,
    That are so long and small,
  And give them to my lady fair,
    Where she sits in her hall.

  20.
  'So I cannot loup, I cannot come,
    I cannot loup to thee;
  My earthly part is all consumed,
    My spirit but speaks to thee.'

  21.
  Wringing her hands, tearing her hair,
    His lady she was seen,
  And thus addressed his servant Gordon,
    Where he stood on the green.

  22.
  'O wae be to you, George Gordon!
    An ill death may you die!
  So safe and sound as you stand there
    And my lord bereaved from me.'

  23.
  'I bad him loup, I bad him come,
    I bad him loup to me;
  I'd catch him in my arms two,
    A foot I should not flee.

  24.
  'He threw me the rings from his white fingers,
    Which were so long and small,
  To give to you, his lady fair,
    Where you sat in your hall.'

  25.
  Sophia Hay, Sophia Hay,
    O bonny Sophia was her name,
  Her waiting-maid put on her cloaths,
    But I wot she tore them off again.

  26.
  And aft she cried, 'Ohon! alas! alas!
    A sair heart's ill to win;
  I wan a sair heart when I married him,
    And the day it's well return'd again.'


  [Annotations:
  16.4: 'twin,' part.]




GEORDIE


+The Text+ is from Johnson's _Museum_, communicated by Robert Burns.


+The Story.+--Some editors have identified the hero of the ballad with
George Gordon, fourth earl of Huntly, but upon what grounds it is
difficult to see.

There are two English broadside ballads, of the first and second halves
respectively of the seventeenth century, which are either the originals
of, or copies from, the Scottish ballad, which exists in many variants.
The earlier is concerned with 'the death of a worthy gentleman named
George Stoole,' 'to a delicate Scottish tune,' and the second is called
'The Life and Death of George of Oxford. To a pleasant tune, called Poor
Georgy.' One of the Scottish versions has a burden resembling that of
'George Stoole.'

The 'battle in the north' and Sir Charles Hay are not identified.


GEORDIE

  1.
  There was a battle in the north,
    And nobles there was many,
  And they hae killed Sir Charlie Hay,
    And they laid the wyte on Geordie.

  2.
  O he has written a lang letter,
    He sent it to his lady:
  'Ye maun cum up to Enbrugh town,
    To see what word's o' Geordie.'

  3.
  When first she look'd the letter on,
    She was both red and rosy;
  But she had na read a word but twa
    Till she wallowt like a lily.

  4.
  'Gar get to me ray gude grey steed;
    My menyie a' gae wi' me;
  For I shall neither eat nor drink
    Till Enbrugh town shall see me.'

  5.
  And she has mountit her gude grey steed,
    Her menyie a' gaed wi' her,
  And she did neither eat nor drink
    Till Enbrugh town did see her,

  6.
  And first appear'd the fatal block,
    And syne the aix to head him,
  And Geordie cumin' down the stair,
    And bands o' airn upon him.

  7.
  But tho' he was chain'd in fetters strang,
    O' airn and steel sae heavy,
  There was na ane in a' the court
    Sae bra' a man as Geordie.

  8.
  O she's down on her bended knee;
    I wat she's pale and weary:
  'O pardon, pardon, noble king,
    And gie me back my dearie!

  9.
  'I hae born seven sons to my Geordie dear,
    The seventh ne'er saw his daddie,
  O pardon, pardon, noble king,
    Pity a waefu' lady!'

  10.
  'Gar bid the headin'-man mak haste,'
    Our king reply'd fu' lordly:
  'O noble king, tak a' that's mine,
    But gie me back my Geordie!'

  11.
  The Gordons cam, the Gordons ran,
    And they were stark and steady,
  And ay the word amang them a'
    Was 'Gordons, keep you ready!'

  12.
  An aged lord at the king's right hand
    Says 'Noble king, but hear me;
  Gar her tell down five thousand pound,
    And gie her back her dearie.'

  13.
  Some gae her marks, some gae her crowns,
    Some gae her dollars many,
  And she's tell'd down five thousand pound,
    And she's gotten again her dearie.

  14.
  She blinkit blythe in her Geordie's face,
    Says 'Dear I've bought thee, Geordie;
  But there sud been bluidy bouks on the green
    Or I had tint my laddie.'

  15.
  He claspit her by the middle sma',
    And he kist her lips sae rosy:
  'The fairest flower o' woman-kind
    Is my sweet bonnie lady!'


  [Annotations:
  1.4: 'wyte,' blame.
  3.4: 'wallowt,' drooped.
  4.2: 'menyie,' attendants.
  14.3: 'bouk,' body.
  14.4: 'Or,' ere; 'tint,' lost.]




THE BARON OF BRACKLEY


+The Text+ is from Alexander Laing's _Scarce Ancient Ballads_ (1822).
A similar version occurs in Buchan's _Gleanings_ (1825). Professor
Gummere, in printing the first text, omits six stanzas, on the
assumption that they represent part of a second ballad imperfectly
incorporated. But I think the ballad can be read as it stands below,
though doubtless 'his ladie's' remark, st. 11, is out of place.


+The Story+ seems to be a combination of at least two. An old Baron of
Brackley, 'an honest aged man,' was slain in 1592 by 'caterans' or
freebooters who had been entertained hospitably by him. In 1666 John
Gordon of Brackley began a feud with John Farquharson of Inverey by
seizing some cattle or horses--accounts differ--by way of fines due for
taking fish out of season. This eventually led to the slaying of
Brackley and certain of his adherents.

Professor Child suspects a commixture of the two episodes in the one
ballad, or more probably, a grafting of a later ballad on to an earlier
one. The character of the Baron as revealed in the ballad more closely
resembles that of the 1592 episode, while the details of the fray are in
keeping with the later story.

'Peggy,' the Baron's wife, was Margaret Burnet, cousin to Gilbert,
Bishop of Salisbury. After Brackley's death she married again, but not
her husband's murderer, as the end of our ballad scandalously suggests.

Brackley is near Ballater, about forty miles west of Aberdeen.


THE BARON OF BRACKLEY

  1.
  Inverey cam doun Deeside, whistlin' and playin',
  He was at brave Braikley's yett ere it was dawin'.

  2.
  He rappit fu' loudly an' wi' a great roar,
  Cried, 'Cum doun, cum doun, Braikley, and open the door.

  3.
  'Are ye sleepin', Baronne, or are ye wakin'?
  Ther's sharpe swords at your yett, will gar your blood spin.

  4.
  'Open the yett, Braikley, and lat us within,
  Till we on the green turf gar your bluid rin.'

  5.
  Out spak the brave baronne, owre the castell-wa';
  'Are ye cum to spulyie and plunder mi ha'?

  6.
  'But gin ye be gentlemen, licht and cum in:
  Gin ye drink o' my wine, ye'll nae gar my bluid spin.

  7.
  'Gin ye be hir'd widifu's, ye may gang by,
  Ye may gang to the lowlands and steal their fat ky.

  8.
  'Ther spulyie like rievers o' wyld ketterin clan,
  Who plunder unsparing baith houses and lan'.

  9.
  'Gin ye be gentlemen, licht and cum [in],
  Ther's meat and drink i' my ha' for every man.

  10.
  'Gin ye be hired widifu's, ye may gang by,
  Gang doun to the lowlands, and steal horse and ky.'

  11.
  Up spak his ladie, at his bak where she lay,
  'Get up, get up, Braikley, an be not afraid;
  The'r but young hir'd widifu's wi' belted plaids.'

  12.
  'Cum kiss me, mi Peggy, I'le nae langer stay,
  For I will go out and meet Inverey.

  13.
  'But haud your tongue, Peggy, and mak nae sic din,
  For yon same hir'd widifu's will prove themselves men.'

  14.
  She called on her marys, they cam to her hand;
  Cries, 'Bring me your rocks, lassies, we will them command.

  15.
  'Get up, get up, Braikley, and turn bak your ky,
  Or me and mi women will them defy.

  16.
  'Cum forth then, mi maidens, and show them some play;
  We'll ficht them, and shortly the cowards will fly.

  17.
  'Gin I had a husband, whereas I hae nane,
  He woud nae ly i' his bed and see his ky taen.

  18.
  'Ther's four-and-twenty milk-whit calves, twal o' them ky,
  In the woods o' Glentanner, it's ther thei a' ly.

  19.
  'Ther's goat i' the Etnach, and sheep o' the brae,
  An a' will be plunder'd by young Inverey.'

  20.
  'Now haud your tongue, Peggy, and gie me a gun,
  Ye'll see me gae furth, but I'll never cum in.

  21.
  'Call mi brother William, mi unkl also,
  Mi cousin James Gordon; we'll mount and we'll go.'

  22.
  When Braikley was ready and stood i' the closs,
  He was the bravest baronne that e'er mounted horse.

  23.
  Whan all wer assembled o' the castell green,
  No man like brave Braikley was ther to be seen.

  24.
    ...   ...   ...
  'Turn bak, brother William, ye are a bridegroom;

  25.
  'Wi' bonnie Jean Gordon, the maid o' the mill;
  O' sichin' and sobbin' she'll soon get her fill.'

  26.
  'I'm no coward, brother, 'tis ken'd I'm a man;
  I'll ficht i' your quarral as lang's I can stand.

  27.
  'I'll ficht, my dear brother, wi' heart and gudewill,
  And so will young Harry that lives at the mill.

  28.
  'But turn, mi dear brother, and nae langer stay:
  What'll cum o' your ladie, gin Braikley thei slay?

  29.
  'What'll cum o' your ladie and bonnie young son?
  O what'll cum o' them when Braikley is gone?'

  30.
  'I never will turn: do you think I will fly?
  But here I will ficht, and here I will die.'

  31.
  'Strik, dogs,' crys Inverey, 'and ficht till ye're slayn,
  For we are four hundred, ye are but four men.

  32.
  'Strik, strik, ye proud boaster, your honour is gone,
  Your lands we will plunder, your castell we'll burn.'

  33.
  At the head o' the Etnach the battel began,
  At Little Auchoilzie thei kill'd the first man.

  34.
  First thei kill'd ane, and soon they kill'd twa,
  Thei kill'd gallant Braikley, the flour o' them a'.

  35.
  Thei kill'd William Gordon, and James o' the Knox,
  And brave Alexander, the flour o' Glenmuick.

  36.
  What sichin' and moaning was heard i' the glen,
  For the Baronne o' Braikley, who basely was slayn!

  37.
  'Cam ye bi the castell, and was ye in there?
  Saw ye pretty Peggy tearing her hair?'

  38.
  'Yes, I cam by Braikley, and I gaed in there,
  And there saw his ladie braiding her hair.

  39.
  'She was rantin', and dancin', and singin' for joy,
  And vowin' that nicht she woud feest Inverey.

  40.
  'She eat wi' him, drank wi' him, welcom'd him in,
  Was kind to the man that had slain her baronne.'

  41.
  Up spake the son on the nourice's knee,
  'Gin I live to be a man, revenged I'll be.'

  42.
  Ther's dool i' the kitchin, and mirth i' the ha',
  The Baronne o' Braikley is dead and awa'.


  [Annotations:
  1.2: 'yett,' gate.
  5.2: 'spulyie,' spoil.
  7.1: 'widifu's,' gallows-birds (lit. 'halter-fulls').
  8.1: 'rievers,' robbers; 'ketterin' = cateran, marauder freebooter.
  14.2: 'rocks,' distaffs.]




THE GIPSY LADDIE


+The Text+ is from Motherwell's MS., a copy from tradition in
Renfrewshire in 1825. The ballad exists both in English and Scottish,
and though the English ballad is probably derived from the Scottish, it
was the first in print. It is also called _Johnnie Faa_. Motherwell, in
printing an elaborated version of the following text (_Minstrelsy_,
1827, p. 360), called it _Gypsie Davy_.


+The Story.+--Singers--presumably gipsies--entice Lady Cassillis down to
hear them, and cast glamour on her. She follows their chief, Gipsy Davy,
but finds (stt. 5 and 6) that the conditions are changed. Her lord
misses her, seeks her 'thro' nations many,' and finds her drinking with
the gipsy chief. He asks her to return home with him. At this point the
present version becomes difficult, and the bearing of st. 12 is not
apparent. We may gather that the lady returned home with her husband,
as he proceeded to hang sixteen of the gipsies.

This version calls the lady 'Jeanie Faw,' but the majority call the
gipsy chief Johnnie Faa, which is a well-known name amongst gipsies, and
occurs as early as 1540 as the name of the 'lord and earl of Little
Egypt.' Gipsies being expelled from Scotland by Act of Parliament in
1609, a Captain Johnne Faa and seven others were hanged in 1624 for
disobeying the ordinance, and this execution is sufficient to account
for the introduction of the name into a ballad of this kind.

The ballad has no certain connection with the Cassillis family, and it
has been suggested that the word is simply a corruption of 'castle,' the
original beginning of the ballad being

  'The gipsies came to the castle-gate.'

If this be so, the present form of the ballad illustrates admirably two
methods of corruption by tradition.


THE GIPSY LADDIE

  1.
  There cam singers to Earl Cassillis' gates,
    And oh, but they sang bonnie!
  They sang sae sweet and sae complete,
    Till down cam the earl's lady.

  2.
  She cam tripping down the stair,
    And all her maids before her;
  As soon as they saw her weel-faur'd face
    They coost their glamourye owre her.

  3.
  They gave her o' the gude sweet-meats,
    The nutmeg and the ginger,
  And she gied them a far better thing,
    Ten gold rings aff her finger.

  4.
  'Tak from me my silken cloak,
    And bring me down my plaidie;
  For it is good eneuch,' she said,
    'To follow a Gipsy Davy.

  5.
  'Yestreen I rode this water deep,
    And my gude lord beside me;
  But this nicht I maun set in my pretty fit and wade,
    A wheen blackguards wading wi' me,

  6.
  'Yestreen I lay in a fine feather-bed,
    And my gude lord beyond me;
  But this nicht I maun lie in some cauld tenant's-barn,
    A wheen blackguards waiting on me.'

  7.
  'Come to thy bed, my bonny Jeanie Faw,
    Come to thy bed, my dearie,
  For I do swear by the top o' my spear,
    Thy gude lord'll nae mair come near thee.'

  8.
  When her gude lord cam hame at nicht,
    It was asking for his fair ladye;
  One spak slow, and another whisper'd out,
    'She's awa' wi' Gipsey Davy!'

  9.
  'Come saddle to me my horse,' he said;
    'Come saddle and mak him readie!
  For I'll neither sleep, eat, nor drink,
    Till I find out my lady.'

  10.
  They socht her up, they socht her doun,
    They socht her thro' nations many,
  Till at length they found her out in Abbey dale,
    Drinking wi' Gipsey Davy.

  11.
  'Rise, oh, rise! my bonny Jeanie Faw;
    Oh, rise, and do not tarry!
  Is this the thing ye promised to me
    When at first I did thee marry?'

  12.
  They drank her cloak, so did they her goun,
    They drank her stockings and her shoon,
  And they drank the coat that was nigh to her smock,
    And they pawned her pearled apron.

  13.
  They were sixteen clever men,
    Suppose they were na bonnie;
  They are a' to be hang'd on ae tree,
    For the stealing o' Earl Cassilis' lady.

  14.
  'We are sixteen clever men,
    One woman was a' our mother;
  We are a' to be hanged on ae day,
    For the stealing of a wanton lady.'


  [Annotations:
  2.3: 'weel-faur'd,' well-favoured.
  5.4:'a wheen,' a pack [of].]




BESSY BELL AND MARY GRAY


+The Text+ is from Sharpe's _Ballad Book_. A parody of this ballad,
concerning an episode of the end of the seventeenth century, shows it to
have been popular not long after its making. In England it has become a
nursery rhyme (see Halliwell's _Nursery Rhymes_, p. 246).


+The Story.+--In 1781 a Major Barry, then owner of Lednock, recorded the
following tradition. Mary Gray was the daughter of the Laird of Lednock,
near Perth, and Bessy Bell was the daughter of the Laird of Kinvaid,
a neighbouring place. Both were handsome, and the two were intimate
friends. Bessy Bell being come on a visit to Mary Gray, they retired, in
order to avoid an outbreak of the plague, to a bower built by themselves
in a romantic spot called Burnbraes, on the side of Branchie-burn,
three-quarters of a mile from Lednock House. The ballad does not say
_how_ the 'pest cam,' but tradition finds a cause for their deaths by
inventing a young man, in love with both, who visited them and brought
the infection. They died in the bower, and were buried in the
Dranoch-haugh ('Stronach haugh,' 3.3), near the bank of the river
Almond. The grave is still visited by pious pilgrims.

Major Barry mentions 1666 as the year, but the plague did not reach
Scotland in that year. Probably the year in question was 1645, when the
district was ravaged with the pestilence.


BESSY BELL AND MARY GRAY

  1.
  O Bessie Bell and Mary Gray,
    They war twa bonnie lasses;
  They bigget a bower on yon burn-brae,
    And theekit it o'er wi' rashes.

  2.
  They theekit it o'er wi' rashes green,
    They theekit it o'er wi' heather;
  But the pest cam frae the burrows-town,
    And slew them baith thegither.

  3.
  They thought to lie in Methven kirk-yard,
    Amang their noble kin;
  But they maun lye in Stronach haugh,
    To biek forenent the sin.

  4.
  And Bessy Bell and Mary Gray,
    They war twa bonnie lasses;
  They bigget a bower on yon burn-brae,
    And theekit it o'er wi' rashes.


  [Annotations:
  1.3: 'bigget,' built.
  1.4: 'theekit,' thatched.
  3.4: _i.e._ to bask beneath the sun.]




SIR JAMES THE ROSE


+The Text+ is from Motherwell's _Minstrelsy_ (1827). It is based on a
stall-copy, presumably similar to one preserved by Sir Walter Scott at
Abbotsford, combined with a version from recitation, which Child none
the less calls 'well remembered from print.'


+The Story+ has no historical foundation, as far as can be discovered;
and for once we have a traditional tale inculcating a moral, though we
do not understand why the 'nourice' betrays Sir James to his enemies.

Michael Bruce wrote a version of the story of this ballad, which seems
to have become more popular than the ballad itself. It may be seen in
A. B. Grosart's edition of his works (1865), p. 197.


SIR JAMES THE ROSE

  1.
  O heard ye of Sir James the Rose,
    The young heir of Buleighan?
  For he has killed a gallant squire,
    And his friends are out to take him.

  2.
  Now he's gone to the house of Marr,
    Where the Nourice was his leman;
  To seek his dear he did repair,
    Thinking she would befriend him.

  3.
  'Where are you going, Sir James?' she says,
    'Or where now are you riding?'
  'Oh, I am bound to a foreign land,
    For now I'm under hiding.

  4.
  'Where shall I go? where shall I run?
    Where shall I go to hide me?
  For I have killed a gallant squire,
    And they're seeking to slay me.'

  5.
  'O go ye down to yon ale-house,
    And I'll there pay your lawin';
  And if I be a maiden true,
    I'll meet you in the dawin'.'

  6.
  'I'll no go down to yon ale-house,
    For you to pay my lawin';
  There's forty shillings for one supper,
    I'll stay in't till the dawin'.'

  7.
  He's turned him richt and round about,
    And rowed him in his brechan;
  And he has gone to take his sleep,
    In the lowlands of Buleighan.

  8.
  He had not weel gone out o' sicht,
    Nor was he past Millstrethen,
  Till four-and-twenty belted knights,
    Came riding owre the Lethan.

  9.
  'O have ye seen Sir James the Rose,
    The young heir of Buleighan?
  For he has killed a gallant squire,
    And we're sent out to take him.'

  10.
  'O I have seen Sir James,' she says,
    'For he passed here on Monday;
  If the steed be swift that he rides on,
    He's past the gates o' London.'

  11.
  As they rode on man after man,
    Then she cried out behind them,
  'If you do seek Sir James the Rose,
    I'll tell you where you'll find him.'

  12.
  'Seek ye the bank abune the mill,
    In the lowlands of Buleighan;
  And there you'll find Sir James the Rose,
    Lying sleeping in his brechan.

  13.
  'You must not wake him out of sleep,
    Nor yet must you affright him,
  Till you drive a dart quite through his heart,
    And through his body pierce him.'

  14.
  They sought the bank abune the mill,
    In the lowlands of Buleighan,
  And there they found Sir James the Rose,
    Lying sleeping in his brechan.

  15.
  Up then spake Sir John the Graeme
    Who had the charge a-keeping,
  'It shall ne'er be said, dear gentlemen,
    We killed a man when a-sleeping.

  16.
  They seized his broad sword and his targe,
    And closely him surrounded;
  And when he waked out of his sleep,
    His senses were confounded.

  17.
  'O pardon, pardon, gentlemen,
    Have mercy now upon me.'
  'Such as you gave, such you shall have,
    And so we fall upon thee.'

  18.
  'Donald, my man, wait me upon,
    And I'll gie you my brechan;
  And if you stay here till I die,
    You'll get my trews of tartan.

  19.
  'There is fifty pounds in my pocket,
    Besides my trews and brechan,
  Ye'll get my watch and diamond ring,
    And take me to Loch-Largan.'

  20.
  Now they've ta'en out his bleeding heart,
    And stuck it on a spear,
  Then took it to the House of Marr,
    And gave it to his dear.

  21.
  But when she saw his bleeding heart,
    She was like one distracted,
  She wrung her hands and tore her hair,
    Crying, 'Oh! what have I acted.

  22.
  'It's for your sake, Sir James the Rose,
    That my poor heart's a-breaking;
  Cursed be the day I did thee betray,
    Thou brave knight o' Buleighan.'

  23.
  Then up she rose, and forth she goes,
    And in that fatal hour
  She bodily was borne away,
    And never was seen more.

  24.
  But where she went was never kent;
    And so, to end the matter,
  A traitor's end you may depend
    Can never be no better.


  [Annotations:
  7.2: 'brechan,' plaid.]




CLYDE'S WATER


+The Text+ is from the Skene MS., but I have omitted the three final
lines, which do not make a complete stanza, and, when compared with
Scott's 'Old Lady's' version, are obviously corrupt. The last verse
should signify that the mothers of Willie and Meggie went up and down
the bank saying, 'Clyde's water has done us wrong!'

The ballad is better known as _Willie and May Margaret_.


+The Story.+--Willie refuses his mother's request to stay at home, as he
wishes to visit his true-love. The mother puts her malison, or curse,
upon him, but he rides off. Clyde is roaring, but Willie says, 'Drown me
as I come back, but spare me as I go,' which is Martial's

  'Parcite dum propero, mergite cum redeo,'

and occurs in other English broadsides. Meggie will not admit Willie,
and he rides away. Meggie awakes, and learns that she has dismissed her
true-love in her sleep. Our ballad is deficient here, but it is obvious
from st. 19 that both lovers are drowned. We must understand, therefore,
that Meggie follows Willie across Clyde. A variant of the ballad
explains that she found him 'in the deepest pot' in all Clyde's water,
and drowned herself.

Child notes that there is a very popular Italian ballad of much the same
story, except that the mother's curse is on the girl and not the man.

There is a curious change in the style of spelling from stanza 15 to the
end.


CLYDE'S WATER

  1.
  'Ye gie corn unto my horse,
    An' meat unto my man,
  For I will gae to my true-love's gates
    This night, gin that I can.'

  2.
  'O stay at hame this ae night, Willie,
    This ae bare night wi' me;
  The best bed in a' my house
    Sall be well made to thee.'

  3.
  'I carena for your beds, mither,
    I carena ae pin,
  For I'll gae to my love's gates
    This night, gin I can win.'

  4.
  'O stay, my son Willie, this night,
    This ae night wi' me;
  The best hen in a' my roost
    Sall be well made ready for thee.'

  5.
  'I carena for your hens, mither,
    I carena ae pin;
  I sall gae to my love's gates
    This night, gin I can win.'

  6.
  'Gin ye winna stay, my son Willie,
    This ae bare night wi' me,
  Gin Clyde's water be deep and fu' o' flood,
    My malisen drown ye!'

  7.
  He rode up yon high hill,
    An' down yon dowie glen;
  The roaring o' Clyde's water
    Wad hae fleyt ten thousand men.

  8.
  'O spare me, Clyde's water,
    O spare me as I gae!
  Mak me your wrack as I come back,
    But spare me as I gae!'

  9.
  He rade in, and farther in,
    Till he came to the chin;
  And he rade in, and farther in,
    Till he came to dry lan'.

  10.
  And whan he came to his love's gates,
    He tirled at the pin.
  'Open your gates, Meggie,
    Open your gates to me,
  For my beets are fu' o' Clyde's water,
    And the rain rains oure my chin.'

  11.
  'I hae nae lovers therout,' she says,
    'I hae nae love within;
  My true-love is in my arms twa,
    An' nane will I lat in.'

  12.
  'Open your gates, Meggie, this ae night,
    Open your gates to me;
  For Clyde's water is fu' o' flood,
    An' my mither's malison'll drown me.'

  13.
  'Ane o' my chamers is fu' o' corn,' she says,
    'An' ane is fu' o' hay;
  Anither is fu' o' gentlemen,
    An' they winna move till day.'

  14.
  Out waked her May Meggie,
    Out o' her drousy dream:
  'I dreamed a dream sin the yestreen,
    (God read a' dreams to guid!)
  That my true-love Willie
    Was standing at my bed-feet.'

  15.
  'Now lay ye still, my ae dochter,
    An' keep my back fra the call',
  For it's na the space of hafe an hour
    Sen he gad fra yer hall'.'

  16.
  'An' hey, Willie, an' hoa, Willie,
    Winne ye turn agen?'
  But ay the louder that she crayed
    He rod agenst the wind.

  17.
  He rod up yon high hill,
    An' doun yon douey den;
  The roring that was in Clide's water
    Wad ha' flayed ten thousand men.

  18.
  He road in, an' farder in,
    Till he came to the chine;
  An' he road in, an' farder in,
    Bat never mare was seen.

    ...   ...   ...

  19.
  Ther was na mare seen of that guid lord
    Bat his hat frae his head;
  There was na mare seen of that lady
    Bat her comb an' her sneed.

    ...   ...   ...


  [Annotations:
  6.4: 'malisen,' curse.
  7.4: 'fleyt,' frightened.
  14.4: 'read,' interpret.
  14.6: 'standing,' _staring_ in manuscript.
  19.4: 'sneed,' snood, fillet.]




KATHARINE JAFFRAY


+The Text+ is from Herd's MSS., two copies showing a difference of one
word and a few spellings. Stt. 3 and 5 are interchanged for the sake of
the sense.

Many copies of this ballad exist (Child prints a dozen), but this one is
both the shortest and simplest.


+The Story.+--In _The Cruel Brother_ (First Series, p. 76) it was shown
that a lover must 'speak to the brother' of his lady. Here the lesson,
it seems, is that he must 'tell the lass herself' before her
wedding-day. Katharine, however, not only proves her faith to her first
lover (her 'grass-green' dress, 10.2, shows an ill-omened marriage), but
prefers the Scot to the Southron. This lesson the ballad drives home in
the last two verses.

Presumably Scott founded _Young Lochinvar_ on the story of this ballad,
as in six versions the Scots laird bears that name.


KATHARINE JAFFRAY

  1.
  There liv'd a lass in yonder dale,
    And doun in yonder glen, O,
  And Kath'rine Jaffray was her name,
    Well known by many men, O.

  2.
  Out came the Laird of Lauderdale,
    Out frae the South Countrie,
  All for to court this pretty maid,
    Her bridegroom for to be.

  3.
  He has teld her father and mither baith,
    And a' the rest o' her kin,
  And has teld the lass hersell,
    And her consent has win.

  4.
  Then came the Laird of Lochinton,
    Out frae the English border,
  All for to court this pretty maid,
    Well mounted in good order.

  5.
  He's teld her father and mither baith,
    As I hear sindry say,
  But he has nae teld the lass hersell,
    Till on her wedding day.

  6.
  When day was set, and friends were met,
    And married to be,
  Lord Lauderdale came to the place,
    The bridal for to see.

  7.
  'O are you come for sport, young man?
    Or are you come for play?
  Or are you come for a sight o' our bride,
    Just on her wedding day?'

  8.
  'I'm nouther come for sport,' he says,
    'Nor am I come for play;
  But if I had one sight o' your bride,
    I'll mount and ride away.'

  9.
  There was a glass of the red wine
    Fill'd up them atween,
  And ay she drank to Lauderdale,
    Wha her true-love had been.

  10.
  Then he took her by the milk-white hand,
    And by the grass-green sleeve,
  And he mounted her high behind him there,
    At the bridegroom he askt nae leive.

  11.
  Then the blude run down by Cowden Banks,
    And down by Cowden Braes,
  And ay she gard the trumpet sound,
    'O this is foul, foul play!'

  12.
  Now a' ye that in England are,
    Or are in England born,
  Come nere to Scotland to court a lass,
    Or else ye'l get the scorn.

  13.
  They haik ye up and settle ye by,
    Till on your wedding day,
  And gie ye frogs instead o' fish,
    And play ye foul, foul play.


  [Annotations:
  13.1: 'haik ye up,' kidnap (_Jamieson_), but ? delude, or keep in
    suspense.]




LIZIE LINDSAY


+The Text+ is from Kinloch's MSS. He obtained it from Mearnsshire, and
remarks that according to the tradition of that district the heroine was
said to have been a daughter of Lindsay of Edzell, though he had
searched in vain for genealogical confirmation of the tradition.


+The Story.+--'Ballads of this description,' says Professor Child, 'are
peculiarly liable to interpolation and debasement.' In this version the
most offending stanza is the tenth; and the extra two lines in stt. 22
and 24 also appear to be unnecessary. The anapaestic metre of this
version should be noted.

The ballad was and is a great favourite with singers, and the tune may
be found in several of the collections of Scottish songs.


LIZIE LINDSAY

  1.
  It's of a young lord o' the Hielands,
    A bonnie braw castle had he,
  And he says to his lady mither,
    'My boon ye will grant to me:
  Sall I gae to Edinbruch city,
    And fesh hame a lady wi' me?'

  2.
  'Ye may gae to Edinbruch city,
    And fesh hame a lady wi' thee,
  But see that ye bring her but flatt'rie,
    And court her in grit povertie.'

  3.
  'My coat, mither, sall be o' the plaiden,
    A tartan kilt oure my knee,
  Wi' hosens and brogues and the bonnet;
    I'll court her wi' nae flatt'rie.'

  4.
  Whan he cam to Edinbruch city,
    He play'd at the ring and the ba',
  And saw monie a bonnie young ladie,
    But Lizie Lindsay was first o' them a'.

  5.
  Syne, dress'd in his Hieland grey plaiden,
    His bonnet abune his e'e-bree,
  He called on fair Lizie Lindsay;
    Says, 'Lizie, will ye fancy me?

  6.
  'And gae to the Hielands, my lassie,
    And gae, gae wi' me?
  O gae to the Hielands, Lizie Lindsay,
    I'll feed ye on curds and green whey.

  7.
  'And ye'se get a bed o' green bracken;
    My plaidie will hap thee and me;
  Ye'se lie in my arms, bonnie Lizie,
    If ye'll gae to the Hielands wi' me.'

  8.
  'O how can I gae to the Hielands
    Or how can I gae wi' thee,
  Whan I dinna ken whare I'm gaing,
    Nor wha I hae to gae wi'?'

  9.
  'My father, he is an auld shepherd,
    My mither, she is an auld dey;
  My name it is Donald Macdonald,
    My name I'll never deny.'

  10.
  'O Donald, I'll gie ye five guineas
    To sit ae hour in my room,
  Till I tak aff your ruddy picture;
    Whan I hae 't, I'll never think lang.'

  11.
  'I dinna care for your five guineas;
    It's ye that's the jewel to me;
  I've plenty o' kye in the Hielands,
    To feed ye wi' curds and green whey.

  12.
  'And ye'se get a bonnie blue plaidie,
    Wi' red and green strips thro' it a';
  And I'll be the lord o' your dwalling,
    And that's the best picture ava'.

  13.
  'And I am laird o' a' my possessions;
    The king canna boast o' na mair;
  And ye'se hae my true heart in keeping,
    There'll be na ither e'en hae a share.

  14.
  'Sae gae to the Hielands, my lassie,
    O gae awa' happy wi' me;
  O gae to the Hielands, Lizie Lindsay.
    And hird the wee lammies wi' me.'

  15.
  'O how can I gae wi' a stranger,
    Oure hills and oure glens frae my hame?'
  'I tell ye I am Donald Macdonald;
    I'll ever be proud o' my name.'

  16.
  Doun cam Lizie Lindsay's ain father,
    A knicht o' a noble degree;
  Says, 'If ye do steal my dear daughter,
    It's hangit ye quickly sall be.'

  17.
  On his heel he turn'd round wi' a bouncie,
    And a licht lauch he did gie;
  'There's nae law in Edinbruch city
    This day that can dare to hang me.'

  18.
  Then up bespak Lizie's best woman,
    And a bonnie young lass was she;
  'Had I but a mark in my pouchie,
    It's Donald that I wad gae wi'.'

  19.
  'O Helen, wad ye leave your coffer,
    And a' your silk kirtles sae braw,
  And gang wi' a bare-hough'd puir laddie,
    And leave father, mither, and a'?

  20.
  'But I think he's a witch or a warlock,
    Or something o' that fell degree,
  For I'll gae awa' wi' young Donald,
    Whatever my fortune may be.'

  21.
  Then Lizie laid doun her silk mantle,
    And put on her waiting-maid's goun,
  And aff and awa' to the Hielands
    She's gane wi' this young shepherd loun.

  22.
  Thro' glens and oure mountains they wander'd,
    Till Lizie had scantlie a shoe;
  'Alas and ohone!' says fair Lizie,
    'Sad was the first day I saw you!
  I wish I war in Edinbruch city;
    Fu' sair, sair this pastime I rue.'

  23.
  'O haud your tongue now, bonnie Lizie,
    For yonder's the shieling, my hame,
  And there's my guid auld honest mither,
    That's coming to meet ye her lane.'

  24.
  'O ye're welcome, ye're welcome, Sir Donald,
    Ye're welcome hame to your ain.'
  'O ca' me na young Sir Donald,
    But ca' me Donald my son.'
  And this they hae spoken in Erse,
    That Lizie micht not understand.

  25.
  The day being weetie and daggie,
    They lay till 'twas lang o' the day.
  'Win up, win up, bonnie Lizie,
    And help at the milking the kye.'

  26.
  O slowly raise up Lizie Lindsay,
    The saut tear blindit her e'e.
  'O war I in Edinbruch city,
    The Hielands shoud never see me!'

  27.
  He led her up to a hie mountain,
    And bade her look out far and wide.
  'I'm lord o' thae isles and thae mountains,
    And ye're now my beautiful bride.

  28.
  'Sae rue na ye've come to the Hielands,
    Sae rue na ye've come aff wi' me,
  For ye're great Macdonald's braw lady,
    And will be to the day that ye dee.'


  [Annotations:
  9.2: 'dey,' dairy-woman.
  19.3: 'bare-hough'd,' with bare thighs.
  20.1: 'warlock,' wizard.
  23.2: 'shieling,' hut.
  25.1: 'daggie,' drizzling.]




THE GARDENER


+The Text+ of this pretty little song is taken from Kinloch's MSS.,
where it is in James Beattie's handwriting. In _Five Excellent New
Songs_, printed at Edinburgh in 1766, there is an older but much
corrupted version of this song, confused with two other songs, a 'Thyme'
song and the favourite 'I sowed the seeds of love.' It is printed as two
songs, _The New Lover's Garland_ and _The Young Maid's Answer_, both
with the following refrain:--

  'Brave sailing here, my dear,
    And better sailing there,
  And brave sailing in my love's arms,
    O if I were there!'


+The Story+ is so slight that the song can scarcely be counted as a
narrative. But it is one of the lyrical dialogues covered by the word
'ballad,' and was not ruled out by Professor Child. There seems to be a
loss of half a verse in 7, which should doubtless be two stanzas.


THE GARDENER

  1.
  The gardener stands in his bower-door,
    With a primrose in his hand,
  And by there came a leal maiden,
    As jimp's a willow wand.
  _And by_, etc.

  2.
  'O lady, can you fancy me,
    For to be my bride?
  You'll get a' the flowers in my garden
    To be to you a weed.

  3.
  'The lily white shall be your smock,
    Becomes your body neat;
  And your head shall be deck'd with jelly-flower,
    And the primrose in your breast.

  4.
  'Your gown shall be o' the sweet-william,
    Your coat o' camovine,
  And your apron o' the salads neat,
    That taste baith sweet and fine.

  5.
  'Your stockings shall be o' the broad kail-blade,
    That is baith broad and long;
  And narrow, narrow at the coot,
    And broad, broad at the brawn.

  6.
  'Your gloves shall be the marygold,
    All glittering to your hand,
  Well spread o'er wi' the blue blaewort,
    That grows in corn-land.'

  7.
  'O fare you well, young man,' she says,
    'Farewell, and I bid adieu;
  Since you've provided a weed for me,
    Among the summer flowers,
  Then I'll provide another for you,
    Among the winter showers.

  8.
  'The new-fallen snow to be your smock,
    Becomes your body neat;
  And your head shall be deck'd with the eastern wind,
    And the cold rain on your breast.'


  [Annotations:
  2.4: 'weed,' dress.
  4.2: 'camovine,' camomile.
  5.3: 'coot,' ankle.
  5.4: 'brawn,' calf.]




JOHN O' THE SIDE

  'He is weil kend, Johne of the Syde,
  A greater theif did never ryde.'

      Sir Richard Maitland.


+The Text+ is from the Percy Folio, but is given in modernised spelling.
It lacks the beginning, probably, and one line in st. 3, which can be
easily guessed; but as a whole it is an infinitely fresher and better
ballad than that inserted in the _Minstrelsy_ of Sir Walter Scott.


+The Story+ is akin to that of _Kinmont Willie_ (p. 49). John of the
Side (on the river Liddel, nearly opposite Mangerton) first appears
about 1550 in a list of freebooters against whom complaints were laid
before the Bishop of Carlisle. He was, it seems, another of the
Armstrong family.

Hobby Noble has a ballad[1] to himself (as the hero of the present
ballad deserves), in which mention is made of Peter of Whitfield. This
is doubtless the person mentioned in the first line of _John o' the
Side_ as having been killed presumably by John himself.

    [Footnote 1: Child, No. 189, from Caw's _Poetical Museum_, but not
    of sufficient merit to be included here.]

'Culertun,' 10.1, is Chollerton on the Tyne. Percy suggests Challerton,
and in the ballads upon which Scott founded his version the name is
'Choler-ford.' 'Howbrame wood' and 'Lord Clough' are not identified; and
Flanders files, effective as they appear to be, are not otherwise known.

'The ballad,' says Professor Child, 'is one of the best in the world,
and enough to make a horse-trooper of any young borderer, had he lacked
the impulse.'


JOHN O' THE SIDE

  1.
  Peter o' Whifield he hath slain,
    And John o' Side, he is ta'en,
  And John is bound both hand and foot,
    And to the New-castle he is gone.

  2.
  But tidings came to the Sybil o' the Side,
    By the water-side as she ran;
  She took her kirtle by the hem,
    And fast she run to Mangerton.

  3.
    ...   ...   ...
    The lord was set down at his meat;
  When these tidings she did him tell,
    Never a morsel might he eat.

  4.
  But lords they wrung their fingers white,
    Ladies did pull themselves by the hair,
  Crying 'Alas and welladay!
    For John o' the Side we shall never see more.

  5.
  'But we'll go sell our droves of kine,
    And after them our oxen sell,
  And after them our troops of sheep,
    But we will loose him out of the New Castell.'

  6.
  But then bespake him Hobby Noble,
    And spoke these words wondrous high;
  Says, 'Give me five men to myself,
    And I'll fetch John o' the Side to thee.'

  7.
  'Yea, thou'st have five, Hobby Noble,
    Of the best that are in this country;
  I'll give thee five thousand, Hobby Noble,
    That walk in Tyvidale truly.'

  8.
  'Nay, I'll have but five,' says Hobby Noble,
    'That shall walk away with me;
  We will ride like no men of war,
    But like poor badgers we will be.'

  9.
  They stuffed up all their bags with straw,
    And their steeds barefoot must be;
  'Come on, my brethren,' says Hobby Noble,
    'Come on your ways, and go with me.'

  10.
  And when they came to Culerton ford,
    The water was up, they could it not go;
  And then they were ware of a good old man,
    How his boy and he were at the plough.

  11.
  'But stand you still,' says Hobby Noble,
    'Stand you still here at this shore,
  And I will ride to yonder old man,
    And see where the gate it lies o'er.

  12.
  'But Christ you save, father!' quoth he,
    'Christ both you save and see!
  Where is the way over this ford?
    For Christ's sake tell it me.'

  13.
  'But I have dwelled here three score year,
    So have I done three score and three;
  I never saw man nor horse go o'er,
    Except it were a horse of tree.'

  14.
  'But fare thou well, thou good old man!
    The devil in hell I leave with thee,
  No better comfort here this night
    Thou gives my brethren here and me.'

  15.
  But when he came to his brether again,
    And told this tidings full of woe,
  And then they found a well good gate
    They might ride o'er by two and two.

  16.
  And when they were come over the ford,
    All safe gotten at the last,
  'Thanks be to God!' says Hobby Noble,
    'The worst of our peril is past.'

  17.
  And then they came into Howbrame wood,
    And there then they found a tree,
  And cut it down then by the root.
    The length was thirty foot and three.

  18.
  And four of them did take the plank,
    As light as it had been a flea,
  And carried it to the New Castle,
    Where as John o' Side did lie.

  19.
  And some did climb up by the walls,
    And some did climb up by the tree,
  Until they came up to the top of the castle,
    Where John made his moan truly.

  20.
  He said, 'God be with thee, Sybil o' the Side!
    My own mother thou art,' quoth he;
  'If thou knew this night I were here,
    A woe woman then wouldst thou be.

  21.
  'And fare you well, Lord Mangerton!
    And ever I say God be with thee!
  For if you knew this night I were here,
    You would sell your land for to loose me.

  22.
  'And fare thou well, Much, Miller's son!
    Much, Miller's son, I say;
  Thou has been better at mirk midnight
    Than ever thou was at noon o' the day.

  23.
  'And fare thou well, my good lord Clough!
    Thou art thy father's son and heir;
  Thou never saw him in all thy life
    But with him durst thou break a spear.

  24.
  'We are brothers childer nine or ten,
    And sisters children ten or eleven;
  We never came to the field to fight,
    But the worst of us was counted a man.'

  25.
  But then bespake him Hobby Noble,
    And spake these words unto him;
  Says 'Sleepest thou, wakest thou, John o' the Side,
    Or art thou this castle within?'

  26.
  'But who is there,' quoth John o' the Side,
    'That knows my name so right and free?'
  'I am a bastard-brother of thine;
    This night I am comen for to loose thee.'

  27.
  'Now nay, now nay,' quoth John o' the Side,
    'It fears me sore that will not be,
  For a peck of gold and silver,' John said,
    'In faith this night will not loose me.'

  28.
  But then bespake him Hobby Noble,
    And till his brother thus said he;
  Says 'Four shall take this matter in hand,
    And two shall tent our geldings free.'

  29.
  Four did break one door without,
    Then John brake five himsel';
  But when they came to the iron door,
    It smote twelve upon the bell.

  30.
  'It fears me sore,' said Much, the Miller,
    'That here taken we all shall be;'
  'But go away, brethren,' said John o' the Side,
    'For ever alas! this will not be.'

  31.
  'But fie upon thee!' said Hobby Noble;
    'Much, the Miller, fie upon thee!
  It sore fears me,' said Hobby Noble,
    'Man that thou wilt never be.'

  32.
  But then he had Flanders files two or thee,
    And he filed down that iron door,
  And took John out of the New Castle,
    And said 'Look thou never come here more!'

  33.
  When he had him forth of the New Castle,
    'Away with me, John, thou shalt ride.'
  But ever alas! it could not be,
    For John could neither sit nor stride.

  34.
  But then he had sheets two or three,
    And bound John's bolts fast to his feet,
  And set him on a well good steed,
    Himself on another by him set.

  35.
  Then Hobby Noble smiled and lough,
    And spoke these words in mickle pride;
  'Thou sits so finely on thy gelding
    That, John, thou rides like a bride.'

  36.
  And when they came thorough Howbrame town,
    John's horse there stumbled at a stone;
  'Out and alas!' cried Much, the Miller,
    'John, thou'll make us all be ta'en.'

  37.
  'But fie upon thee!' says Hobby Noble,
    'Much, the Miller, fie on thee!
  I know full well,' says Hobby Noble,
    'Man that thou wilt never be.'

  38.
  And when they came into Howbrame wood,
    He had Flanders files two or three
  To file John's bolts beside his feet,
    That he might ride more easily.

  39.
  Says 'John, now leap over a steed!'
    And John then he lope over five.
  'I know well,' says Hobby Noble,
    'John, thy fellow is not alive.'

  40.
  Then he brought him home to Mangerton;
    The lord then he was at his meat;
  But when John o' the Side he there did see,
    For fain he could no more eat.

  41.
  He says 'Blest be thou, Hobby Noble,
    That ever thou wast man born!
  Thou hast fetched us home good John o' the Side,
    That was now clean from us gone.'


  [Annotations:
  8.4: 'badgers,' corn-dealers or pedlars.
  9.2: 'barefoot,' unshod.
  11.4: 'gate,' way.
  12.2: 'see,' protect.
  13.4: 'tree,' wood. The Folio gives '3'; Percy suggested the
    emendation.
  23.3: 'him' = man, which is suggested by Furnivall.
  28.4: 'tent,' guard.
  35.1: 'lough,' laughed.
  39.2: 'lope,' leapt.]




JAMIE DOUGLAS
  AND
WALY, WALY, GIN LOVE BE BONNY


+The Text+ of the ballad is here given from Kinloch's MSS., where it is
in the handwriting of John Hill Burton when a youth. The text of the
song _Waly, waly_, I take from Ramsay's _Tea-Table Miscellany_. The song
and the ballad have become inextricably confused, and the many variants
of the former contain a greater or a smaller proportion of verses
apparently taken from the latter.


+The Story+ of the ballad as here told is nevertheless quite simple and
straightforward. It is spoken in the first person by the daughter of the
Earl of Mar. (She also says she is sister to the Duke of York, 7.4,
a person often introduced into ballads.) Blacklaywood, the lady
complains, has spoken calumniously of her to her lord, and she leaves
him, saying farewell to her children, and taking her youngest son with
her.

The ballad is historical in so far as that Lady Barbara Erskine,
daughter of the Earl of Mar, was married in 1670 to James, second
Marquis of Douglas, and was formally separated from him in 1681.
Further, tradition puts the blame of the separation on William Lawrie,
factor to the Marquis, often styled the laird of Blackwood
('Blacklaywood,' 2.3), from his wife's family estate.

The non-historical points in the ballad are minor ones. The couple had
only one child; and the lady's father could not have come to fetch her
away (9.2), as the Earl of Mar died in 1668, before his daughter's
wedding.

I have printed the song _Waly, waly_ not because it can be considered a
ballad, but simply because it is so closely interwoven with _Jamie
Douglas_. Stanza 6 is reminiscent of the beautiful English quatrain
beginning:

  'Westron wind, when will thou blow.'

See Chappell's _Popular Music of the Olden Time_, i. 57.


JAMIE DOUGLAS

  1.
  Waly, waly up the bank,
    And waly, waly down the brae!
  And waly, waly to yon burn-side,
    Where me and my love wunt to gae!

  2.
  As I lay sick, and very sick,
    And sick was I, and like to die,
  And Blacklaywood put in my love's ears
    That he staid in bower too lang wi' me.

  3.
  As I lay sick, and very sick,
    And sick was I, and like to die,
  And walking into my garden green,
    I heard my good lord lichtlie me.

  4.
  Now woe betide ye, Blacklaywood!
    I'm sure an ill death you must die;
  Ye'll part me and my ain good lord,
    And his face again I'll never see.

  5.
  'Come down stairs now, Jamie Douglas,
    Come down stairs and drink wine wi' me;
  I'll set thee into a chair of gold,
    And not one farthing shall it cost thee.'

  6.
  'When cockle-shells turn silver bells,
    And muscles grow on every tree,
  When frost and snow turn fiery baas,
    I'll come down the stair and drink wine wi' thee.'

  7.
  'What's needs me value you, Jamie Douglas,
    More than you do value me?
  The Earl of Mar is my father,
    The Duke of York is my brother gay.

  8.
  'But when my father gets word o' this,
    I trow a sorry man he'll be;
  He'll send four score o' his soldiers brave,
    To tak me hame to mine ain countrie.'

  9.
  As I lay owre my castell-wa',
    I beheld my father comin' for me,
  Wi' trumpets sounding on every side;
    But they werena music at a' for me.

  10.
  'And fare ye weel now, Jamie Douglas!
    And fare ye weel, my children three!
  And fare ye weel, my own good lord!
    For my face again ye shall never see.

  11.
  'And fare ye weel now, Jamie Douglas!
    And fare ye weel, my children three!
  And fare ye weel now, Jamie Douglas,
    But my youngest son shall gae wi' me.'

  12.
  'What ails ye at your youngest son,
    Sits smilin' at the nurse's knee?
  I'm sure he never knew any harm,
    Except it was from his nurse or thee.'

  13.
    ...   ...   ...
    ...   ...   ...
  And when I was into my coaches set,
    He made his trumpets a' to soun.'

  14.
  I've heard it said, and it's oft times seen,
    The hawk that flies far frae her nest;
  And a' the world shall plainly see
    It's Jamie Douglas that I love best.

  15.
  I've heard it said, and it's oft times seen,
    The hawk that flies from tree to tree;
  And a' the world shall plainly see
    It's for Jamie Douglas I maun die.


  [Annotations:
  1.1: 'Waly' = alas!
  1.4: 'wunt' = were wont.
  3.4: 'lichtlie,' make light of.
  6.3: 'baas,' balls.]


WALY, WALY, GIN LOVE BE BONNY

  1.
  O waly, waly up the bank!
    And waly, waly, down the brae!
  And waly, waly yon burn-side,
    Where I and my love wont to gae!

  2.
  I lean'd my back unto an aik,
    I thought it was a trusty tree;
  But first it bow'd, and syne it brak,
    Sae my true-love did lightly me.

  3.
  O waly, waly! but love be bonny
    A little time, while it is new;
  But when it is auld, it waxeth cauld,
    And fades away like morning dew.

  4.
  O wherefore shoud I busk my head?
    Or wherefore shoud I kame my hair?
  For my true-love has me forsook,
    And says he'll never love me mair.

  5.
  Now Arthur-Seat shall be my bed,
    The sheets shall ne'er be fyl'd by me;
  Saint Anton's well shall be my drink,
    Since my true-love has forsaken me.

  6.
  Martinmas wind, when wilt thou blaw,
    And shake the green leaves off the tree?
  O gentle death, when wilt thou come?
    For of my life I am weary.

  7.
  'Tis not the frost that freezes fell,
    Nor blawing snaw's inclemency;
  'Tis not sic cauld that makes me cry,
    But my love's heart grown cauld to me.

  8.
  When we came in by Glasgow town,
    We were a comely sight to see;
  My love was cled in the black velvet,
    And I mysell in cramasie.

  9.
  But had I wist, before I kiss'd,
    That love had been sae ill to win,
  I'd lock'd my heart in a case of gold,
    And pin'd it with a silver pin.

  10.
  Oh, oh, if my young babe were born,
    And set upon the nurse's knee,
  And I mysell were dead and gane!
    For a maid again I'll never be.




THE HEIR OF LINNE


+The Text+ is taken from the Percy Folio, but I have modernised the
spelling. For the _Reliques_ Percy made a ballad out of the Folio
version combined with 'a modern ballad on a similar subject,'
a broadside entitled _The Drunkard's Legacy_, thus producing a very good
result which is about thrice the length of the Folio version.

The Scottish variant was noted by Motherwell and Buchan, but previous
editors--Herd, Ritson, Chambers, Aytoun--had used Percy's composition.


+The Story.+--There are several Oriental stories which resemble the
ballad as compounded by Percy from _The Drunkard's Legacy_. In most of
these--Tartar, Turkish, Arabic, Persian, etc.--the climax of the story
lies in the fact that the hero in attempting to hang himself by a rope
fastened to the ceiling pulls down a hidden treasure. There is, of
course, no such episode in _The Heir of Linne_, but all the stories have
similar circumstances, and the majority present the moral aspect of
unthriftiness, and of friends deserting a man who loses his wealth.

'Linne,' of course, is the place which is so often mentioned in ballads.
See note, First Series, p. 1.


THE HEIR OF LINNE

  1.
  Of all the lords in fair Scotland
    A song I will begin;
  Amongst them all there dwelled a lord,
    Which was the unthrifty lord of Linne.

  2.
  His father and mother were dead him fro,
    And so was the head of all his kin;
  To the cards and dice that he did run
    He did neither cease nor blin.

  3.
  To drink the wine that was so clear,
    With every man he would make merry;
  And then bespake him John of the Scales,
    Unto the heir of Linne said he;

  4.
  Says 'How dost thou, lord of Linne?
    Dost either want gold or fee?
  Wilt thou not sell thy lands so broad
    To such a good fellow as me?

  5.
  'For ... I ... ,' he said,
    'My land, take it unto thee.'
  'I draw you to record, my lordes all.'
    With that he cast him a God's penny.

  6.
  He told him the gold upon the board,
    It wanted never a bare penny.
  'That gold is thine, the land is mine;
    The heir of Linne I will be.'

  7.
  'Here's gold enough,' saith the heir of Linne,
    'Both for me and my company.'
  He drunk the wine that was so clear,
    And with every man he made merry.

  8.
  Within three-quarters of a year
    His gold and fee it waxed thin,
  His merry men were from him gone,
    And left him himself all alone.

  9.
  He had never a penny left in his purse,
    Never a penny left but three,
  And one was brass, and another was lead,
    And another was white money.

  10.
  'Now welladay!' said the heir of Linne,
    'Now welladay, and woe is me!
  For when I was the lord of Linne,
    I neither wanted gold nor fee.

  11.
  'For I have sold my lands so broad,
    And have not left me one penny;
  I must go now and take some read
    Unto Edinburgh, and beg my bread.'

  12.
  He had not been in Edinburgh
    Not three-quarters of a year,
  But some did give him, and some said nay,
    And some bid 'To the deil gang ye!

  13.
  'For if we should hang any landless fere,
    The first we would begin with thee.'
  'Now welladay!' said the heir of Linne,
    'Now welladay, and woe is me!

  14.
  'For now I have sold my lands so broad,
    That merry man is irk with me;
  But when that I was the lord of Linne,
    Then on my land I lived merrily.

  15.
  'And now I have sold my land so broad,
    That I have not left me one penny!
  God be with my father!' he said,
    'On his land he lived merrily.'

  16.
  Still in a study there as he stood,
    He unbethought him of a bill--
  He unbethought him of a bill
    Which his father had left with him.

  17.
  Bade him he should never on it look
    Till he was in extreme need;
  'And by my faith,' said the heir of Linne,
    'Than now I had never more need.'

  18.
  He took the bill, and looked it on,
    Good comfort that he found there;
  It told him of a castle wall
    Where there stood three chests in fere.

  19.
  Two were full of the beaten gold,
    The third was full of white money.
  He turned then down his bags of bread,
    And filled them full of gold so red.

  20.
  Then he did never cease nor blin,
    Till John of the Scales' house he did win.
  When that he came to John of the Scales,
    Up at the speer he looked then.

  21.
  There sat three lords upon a row,
    And John o' the Scales sat at the board's head,
  And John o' the Scales sat at the board's head,
    Because he was the lord of Linne.

  22.
  And then bespake the heir of Linne,
    To John o' the Scales' wife thus said he;
  Said, 'Dame, wilt thou not trust me one shot
    That I may sit down in this company?'

  23.
  'Now Christ's curse on my head,' she said,
    'If I do trust thee one penny!'
  Then bespake a good fellow,
    Which sat by John o' the Scales his knee;

  24.
  Said, 'Have thou here, thou heir of Linne,
    Forty pence I will lend thee;
  Some time a good fellow thou hast been;
    And other forty if need be.'

  25.
  They drunken wine that was so clear,
    And every man they made merry;
  And then bespake him John o' the Scales,
    Unto the lord of Linne said he;

  26.
  Said, 'How dost thou, heir of Linne,
    Since I did buy thy lands of thee?
  I will sell it to thee twenty pound better cheap
    Nor ever I did buy it of thee.'

  27.
  'I draw you to record, lordes all;'
    With that he cast him a God's penny;
  Then he took to his bags of bread,
    And they were full of the gold so red.

  28.
  He told him the gold then over the board,
    It wanted never a broad penny.
  'That gold is thine, the land is mine,
    And heir of Linne again I will be.'

  29.
  'Now welladay!' said John o' the Scales' wife,
    'Welladay, and woe is me!
  Yesterday I was the lady of Linne,
    And now I am but John o' the Scales' wife!'

  30.
  Says 'Have thou here, thou good fellow,
    Forty pence thou did lend me,
  Forty pence thou did lend me,
    And forty pound I will give thee.

  31.
  'I'll make thee keeper of my forest,
    Both of the wild deer and the tame,'
    ...   ...   ...
    ...   ...   ...

  32.
  But then bespake the heir of Linne,
    These were the words, and thus said he,
  'Christ's curse light upon my crown,
    If e'er my land stand in any jeopardy!'


  [Annotations:
  2.3,4: Interchanged in manuscript.
  2.4: 'blin,' stop.
  5.1: Deficient in manuscript.
  5.4: 'God's penny,' an earnest-penny, to clinch a bargain.
  11.3: 'read,' advice.
  13.1: 'fere,' companion.
  14.2: 'irk with,' weary of.
  16.2: 'unbethought him,' bethought himself. See _Old Robin of
    Portingale_, 5.3 (First Series, p. 14).
  18.4:'in fere,' together.
  19.4: ? 'gold and fee.' Cp. 27.4
  20.4: Ritson said 'speer' was a hole in the wall of a house, through
    which the family received and answered the inquiries of strangers.
    This is apparently a mere conjecture.
  22.3: 'shot,' reckoning. Cp. 'pay the shot.'
  27.4: See 19.4 and note.]




EARL BOTHWELL


+The Text+ is from the Percy Folio, the spelling being modernised. Percy
printed it (with alterations) in the _Reliques_.


+The Story+ of the ballad represents that Darnley was murdered by way of
revenge for his participation in the murder of Riccio; that Mary sent
for Darnley to come to Scotland, and that she was finally banished by
the Regent. All of these statements, and several minor ones, contain as
much truth as may be expected in a ballad of this kind.

Mary escaped from Lochleven Castle on May 2, 1568, and found refuge in
England on the 16th. The ballad was doubtless written shortly
afterwards. On March 24, 1579, a 'ballad concerninge the murder of the
late Kinge of Scottes' was licensed to Thomas Gosson, a well-known
printer of broadsides.


EARL BOTHWELL

  1.
  Woe worth thee, woe worth thee, false Scotland!
    For thou hast ever wrought by a sleight;
  For the worthiest prince that ever was born
    You hanged under a cloud by night.

  2.
  The Queen of France a letter wrote,
    And sealed it with heart and ring,
  And bade him come Scotland within,
    And she would marry him and crown him king.

  3.
  To be a king, it is a pleasant thing,
    To be a prince unto a peer;
  But you have heard, and so have I too,
    A man may well buy gold too dear.

  4.
  There was an Italian in that place
    Was as well beloved as ever was he;
  Lord David was his name,
    Chamberlain unto the queen was he.

  5.
  For if the king had risen forth of his place,
    He would have sit him down in the chair,
  And tho' it beseemed him not so well,
    Altho' the king had been present there.

  6.
  Some lords in Scotland waxed wonderous worth,
    And quarrell'd with him for the nonce;
  I shall you tell how it befell;
    Twelve daggers were in him all at once.

  7.
  When this queen see the chamberlain was slain,
    For him her cheeks she did weet,
  And made a vow for a twelvemonth and a day
    The king and she would not come in one sheet.

  8.
  Then some of the lords of Scotland waxed wroth,
    And made their vow vehemently;
  'For death of the queen's chamberlain
    The king himself he shall die.'

  9.
  They strowed his chamber over with gun powder,
    And laid green rushes in his way;
  For the traitors thought that night
    The worthy king for to betray.

  10.
  To bed the worthy king made him boun;
    To take his rest, that was his desire;
  He was no sooner cast on sleep
    But his chamber was on a blazing fire.

  11.
  Up he lope, and a glass window broke,
    He had thirty foot for to fall;
  Lord Bodwell kept a privy watch
    Underneath his castle wall.
  'Who have we here?' said Lord Bodwell;
    'Answer me, now I do call.'

  12.
  'King Henry the Eighth my uncle was;
    Some pity show for his sweet sake!
  Ah, Lord Bodwell, I know thee well;
    Some pity on me I pray thee take!'

  13.
  'I'll pity thee as much,' he said,
    'And as much favour I'll show to thee,
  As thou had on the queen's chamberlain
    That day thou deemedst him to die.'

  14.
  Through halls and towers this king they led,
    Through castles and towers that were high,
  Through an arbour into an orchard,
    And there hanged him in a pear tree.

  15.
  When the governor of Scotland he heard tell
    That the worthy king he was slain,
  He hath banished the queen so bitterly
    That in Scotland she dare not remain.

  16.
  But she is fled into merry England,
    And Scotland too aside hath lain,
  And through the Queen of England's good grace
    Now in England she doth remain.


  [Annotations:
  1.2: 'sleight,' trick.
  3.3,4: A popular proverb; see _The Lord of Learne_, 39.3,4 (Second
    Series, p. 190).
  10.1: 'made him boun,' prepared himself.]




DURHAM FIELD


+The Text+ is another of the lively battle-pieces from the Percy Folio,
put into modern spelling, and no other version is known or needed. The
battle of Durham, which the minstrel says (27.1, 64.2) was fought on a
morning of May, and (64.3,4) within a month of Crecy and Poictiers,[1]
actually took place on October 17, 1346. Stanza 18 makes the king say to
Lord Hamilton that they are of 'kin full nigh'; and this provides an
upper limit for the date of the ballad, as James Hamilton was married to
Princess Mary, sister of James III., in 1474.

    [Footnote 1: Crecy was fought on August 26, 1346; Poictiers on
    September 19, 1356.]


+The Story.+--We have as authorities for the history of the battle both
Scottish and English chronicles, but the ballad, as might be expected,
follows neither very closely. Indeed it is not easy to reconcile the
Scottish account with the English. David Bruce, the young king of
Scotland, seized the opportunity afforded by Edward III.'s absence in
France at the siege of Calais to invade England with a large army. They
were met at Durham by an English force in three divisions, led
(according to the English chronicle) by (i) the Earl of Angus, Henry
Percy, Ralph Neville, and Henry Scrope, (ii) the Archbishop of York, and
(iii) Mowbray, Rokeby, and John of Copland. The Scots were also in three
divisions, which were led (says the Scottish version) by King David, the
Earl of Murray and William Douglas, and the Steward of Scotland and the
Earl of March respectively. The English chronicle puts John of Douglas
with the Earl of Murray, and the Earl of Buchan with King David.

The ballad, therefore, that calls Angus 'Anguish' (11.1) and puts him on
the side of the Scots, as well as Neville (17.1), and apparently
confuses the two Douglases (14 and 21), is not more at variance with
history than is to be expected, and in the present case is but little
more vague than the historical records themselves.

'Vaughan' (13.1) may be Baughan or Buchan, though it is doubtful whether
there was an Earl of Buchan in 1346. 'Fluwilliams' (41.3) is perhaps a
form of Llewellyn (Shakespeare spells it Fluellen), but this does not
help to identify that lord.


DURHAM FIELD

  1.
  Lordings, listen and hold you still;
    Hearken to me a little [spell];
  I shall you tell of the fairest battle
    That ever in England befell.

  2.
  For as it befell in Edward the Third's days,
    In England, where he ware the crown,
  Then all the chief chivalry of England
    They busked and made them boun.

  3.
  They chosen all the best archers
    That in England might be found,
  And all was to fight with the King of France,
    Within a little stound.

  4.
  And when our king was over the water,
    And on the salt sea gone,
  Then tidings into Scotland came
    That all England was gone.

  5.
  Bows and arrows they were all forth,
    At home was not left a man
  But shepherds and millers both,
    And priests with shaven crowns.

  6.
  Then the King of Scots in a study stood,
    As he was a man of great might;
  He sware he would hold his Parliament in leeve London,
    If he could ride there right.

  7.
  Then bespake a squire, of Scotland born,
    And said, 'My liege, apace,
  Before you come to leeve London,
    Full sore you'll rue that race.

  8.
  'There been bold yeomen in merry England,
    Husbandmen stiff and strong;
  Sharp swords they done wear,
    Bearen bows and arrows long.'

  9.
  The King was angry at that word;
    A long sword out he drew,
  And there before his royal company
    His own squire he slew.

  10.
  Hard hansel had the Scots that day,
    That wrought them woe enough,
  For then durst not a Scot speak a word
    For hanging at a bough.

  11.
  'The Earl of Anguish, where art thou?
    In my coat-armour thou shalt be,
  And thou shalt lead the forward
    Thorough the English country.

  12.
  'Take thee York,' then said the King,
    'In stead whereas it doth stand;
  I'll make thy eldest son after thee
    Heir of all Northumberland.

  13.
  'The Earl of Vaughan, where be ye?
    In my coat-armour thou shalt be;
  The high Peak and Derbyshire
    I give it thee to thy fee.'

  14.
  Then came in famous Douglas,
    Says 'What shall my meed be?
  And I'll lead the vanward, lord,
    Thorough the English country.'

  15.
  'Take thee Worcester,' said the King,
    'Tewkesbury, Kenilworth, Burton upon Trent;
  Do thou not say another day
    But I have given thee lands and rent.

  16.
  'Sir Richard of Edinburgh, where are ye?
    A wise man in this war!
  I'll give thee Bristow and the shire
    The time that we come there.

  17.
  'My lord Nevill, where been ye?
    You must in these wars be;
  I'll give thee Shrewsbury,' says the King,
    'And Coventry fair and free.

  18.
  'My lord of Hamilton, where art thou?
    Thou art of my kin full nigh;
  I'll give thee Lincoln and Lincolnshire,
    And that's enough for thee.'

  19.
  By then came in William Douglas,
    As breme as any boar;
  He kneeled him down upon his knees,
    In his heart he sighed sore.

  20.
  Says 'I have served you, my lovely liege,
    These thirty winters and four,
  And in the Marches between England and Scotland,
    I have been wounded and beaten sore.

  21.
  'For all the good service that I have done,
    What shall my meed be?
  And I will lead the vanward
    Thorough the English country.'

  22.
  'Ask on, Douglas,' said the King,
    'And granted it shall be.'
  'Why then, I ask little London,' says Will Douglas,
    'Gotten if that it be.'

  23.
  The King was wrath, and rose away;
    Says 'Nay, that cannot be!
  For that I will keep for my chief chamber,
    Gotten if it be.

  24.
  'But take thee North Wales and Westchester,
    The country all round about,
  And rewarded thou shalt be,
    Of that take thou no doubt.'

  25.
  Five score knights he made on a day,
    And dubb'd them with his hands;
  Rewarded them right worthily
    With the towns in merry England.

  26.
  And when the fresh knights they were made,
    To battle they busk them boun;
  James Douglas went before,
    And he thought to have won him shoon.

  27.
  But they were met in a morning of May
    With the communalty of little England;
  But there scaped never a man away,
    Through the might of Christes hand.

  28.
  But all only James Douglas;
    In Durham in the field
  An arrow struck him in the thigh;
    Fast flings he towards the King.

  29.
  The King looked toward little Durham,
    Says 'All things is not well!
  For James Douglas bears an arrow in his thigh,
    The head of it is of steel.

  30.
  'How now, James?' then said the King,
    'How now, how may this be?
  And where been all thy merry men
    That thou took hence with thee?'

  31.
  'But cease, my King,' says James Douglas,
    'Alive is not left a man!'
  'Now by my faith,' says the King of the Scots,
    'That gate was evil gone.

  32.
  'But I'll revenge thy quarrel well,
    And of that thou may be fain;
  For one Scot will beat five Englishmen,
    If they meeten them on the plain,'

  33.
  'Now hold your tongue,' says James Douglas,
    'For in faith that is not so;
  For one Englishman is worth five Scots,
    When they meeten together tho.

  34.
  'For they are as eager men to fight
    As a falcon upon a prey;
  Alas! if ever they win the vanward,
    There scapes no man away.'

  35.
  'O peace thy talking,' said the King,
    'They be but English knaves,
  But shepherds and millers both,
    And priests with their staves.'

  36.
  The King sent forth one of his heralds of armes
    To view the Englishmen.
  'Be of good cheer,' the herald said,
    'For against one we be ten.'

  37.
  'Who leads those lads,' said the King of Scots,
    'Thou herald, tell thou me.'
  The herald said 'The Bishop of Durham
    Is captain of that company.

  38.
  'For the Bishop hath spread the King's banner,
    And to battle he busks him boun.'
  'I swear by St. Andrew's bones,' says the King,
    'I'll rap that priest on the crown.'

  39.
  The King looked towards little Durham,
    And that he well beheld,
  That the Earl Percy was well armed,
    With his battle-axe entered the field.

  40.
  The King looked again towards little Durham,
    Four ancients there see he;
  There were two standards, six in a valley,
    He could not see them with his eye.

  41.
  My lord of York was one of them,
    My lord of Carlisle was the other,
  And my lord Fluwilliams,
    The one came with the other.

  42.
  The Bishop of Durham commanded his men,
    And shortly he them bade,
  That never a man should go to the field to fight
    Till he had served his God.

  43.
  Five hundred priests said mass that day
    In Durham in the field,
  And afterwards, as I heard say,
    They bare both spear and shield.

  44.
  The Bishop of Durham orders himself to fight
    With his battle-axe in his hand;
  He said 'This day now I will fight
    As long as I can stand!'

  45.
  'And so will I,' said my lord of Carlisle,
    'In this fair morning gay.'
  'And so will I,' said my lord Fluwilliams,
    'For Mary, that mild may.'

  46.
  Our English archers bent their bows
    Shortly and anon;
  They shot over the Scottish host
    And scantly touched a man.

  47.
  'Hold down your hands,' said the Bishop of Durham,
    'My archers good and true.'
  The second shoot that they shot,
    Full sore the Scots it rue.

  48.
  The Bishop of Durham spoke on high
    That both parties might hear,
  'Be of good cheer, my merrymen all,
    The Scots flien and changen their cheer.'

  49.
  But as they saiden, so they diden,
    They fell on heapes high;
  Our Englishmen laid on with their bows
    As fast as they might dree.

  50.
  The King of Scots in a study stood
    Amongst his company;
  An arrow struck him thorough the nose,
    And thorough his armoury.

  51.
  The King went to a marsh-side
    And light beside his steed;
  He leaned him down on his sword-hilts
    To let his nose bleed.

  52.
  There followed him a yeoman of merry England,
    His name was John of Copland;
  'Yield thee, traitor!' says Copland then,
    'Thy life lies in my hand.'

  53.
  'How should I yield me,' says the King,
    'And thou art no gentleman?'
  'No, by my troth,' says Copland there,
    'I am but a poor yeoman.

  54.
  'What art thou better than I, sir King?
    Tell me, if that thou can!
  What art thou better than I, sir King,
    Now we be but man to man?'

  55.
  The King smote angrily at Copland then,
    Angrily in that stound;
  And then Copland was a bold yeoman,
    And bore the King to the ground.

  56.
  He set the King upon a palfrey,
    Himself upon a steed;
  He took him by the bridle-rein,
    Towards London he gan him lead.

  57.
  And when to London that he came,
    The King from France was new come home,
  And there unto the King of Scots
    He said these words anon.

  58.
  'How like you my shepherds and my millers?
    My priests with shaven crowns?'
  'By my faith, they are the sorest fighting men
    That ever I met on the ground.

  59.
  'There was never a yeoman in merry England
    But he was worth a Scottish knight.'
  'Ay, by my troth,' said King Edward, and laugh,
    'For you fought all against the right.'

  60.
  But now the prince of merry England
    Worthily under his shield
  Hath taken the King of France,
    At Poictiers in the field.

  61.
  The prince did present his father with that food,
    The lovely King of France,
  And forward of his journey he is gone.
    God send us all good chance!

  62.
  'You are welcome, brother!' said the King of Scots to the King of
France,
    'For I am come hither too soon;
  Christ leve that I had taken my way
    Unto the court of Rome!'

  63.
  'And so would I,' said the King of France,
    'When I came over the stream,
  That I had taken my journey
    Unto Jerusalem!'

  64.
  Thus ends the battle of fair Durham,
    In one morning of May,
  The battle of Crecy, and the battle of Poictiers,
    All within one monthes day.

  65.
  Then was wealth and welfare in merry England,
    Solaces, game, and glee,
  And every man loved other well,
    And the king loved good yeomanry.

  66.
  But God that made the grass to grow,
    And leaves on greenwood tree,
  Now save and keep our noble King,
    And maintain good yeomanry!


  [Annotations:
  1.2: '[spell]' suggested by Child.
  6.3: 'leeve,' pleasant, dear; formerly a regular epithet of London.
  10.1: 'Hard hansel,' bad omen.
  12.2: 'stead,' place.
  14.1: 'famous' may be a scribe's error for 'James.'
  14.3: 'vanward,' vanguard.
  15.2: The manuscript gives 'Tuxburye, Killingworth.'
  19.2: 'breme,' fierce.
  26.2: 'they busk them boun,' they make themselves ready.
  31.4: 'gate,' way.
  33.4: 'tho,' then.
  40.2: 'ancients,' ensigns.
  44.1: 'orders,' prepares.
  45.4: 'may,' = maid; the Virgin.
  46.4: 'scantly,' scarcely.
  48.4: 'cheer,' face, appearance.
  49.4: 'dree,' hold out.
  53.2: 'And,' if.
  61.1: 'food,' man.
  62.1: The last five words are perhaps inserted by the scribe.
  62.3: 'leve,' grant.]




THE BATTLE OF HARLAW


+The Text+ of this ballad was sent to Professor Child by Mr. C. E.
Dalrymple of Kinaldie, Aberdeenshire, from whose version the printed
variants (_Notes and Queries_, Third Series, vii. 393, and Aytoun's
_Ballads of Scotland_, i. 75) have been more or less directly derived.

The ballad is one of those mentioned in _The Complaynt of Scotland_
(1549), like the 'Hunttis of Chevet' (see p. 2 of this volume). It is
again mentioned as being in print in 1668; but the latter may possibly
refer to a poem on the battle, afterwards printed in Allan Ramsay's
_Evergreen_. The fact that the present ballad omits all reference to the
Earl of Mar, and deals with the Forbes brothers, who are not otherwise
known to have taken part in the battle, disposes Professor Child to
believe that it is a comparatively recent ballad.


+The Story.+--The battle of Harlaw was fought on July 24, 1411. Harlaw
is eighteen miles north-west of Aberdeen, Dunidier a hill on the
Aberdeen road, and Netherha' is close at hand. Balquhain (2.2) is a mile
south of Harlaw, while Drumminnor (15.3) is more than twenty miles
away--though the horse covered the distance there and back in 'twa hours
an' a quarter' (16.3).

The ballad is narrated by 'John Hielan'man' to Sir James the Rose
(derived from the ballad of that name given earlier in the present
volume) and Sir John the Gryme (Graeme). 'Macdonell' is Donald of the
Isles, who, as claimant to the Earldom of Ross, advanced on Aberdeen,
and was met at Harlaw by the Earl of Mar and Alexander Ogilvy, sheriff
of Angus. It was a stubborn fight, though it did not last from Monday to
Saturday (23), and Donald lost nine hundred men and the other party five
hundred.

Child finds a difficulty with the use of the word 'she' in 4.3, despite
'me' in the two previous lines. Had it been 'her,' the difficulty would
not have arisen.


THE BATTLE OF HARLAW

  1.
  As I cam in by Dunidier,
    An' doun by Netherha',
  There was fifty thousand Hielan'men
    A-marching to Harlaw.
      _Wi' a dree dree dradie drumtie dree_

  2.
  As I cam on, an' farther on,
    An' doun an' by Balquhain,
  Oh there I met Sir James the Rose,
    Wi' him Sir John the Gryme.

  3.
  'O cam ye frae the Hielan's, man?
    An' cam ye a' the wey?
  Saw ye Macdonell an' his men,
    As they cam frae the Skee?'

  4.
  'Yes, me cam frae ta Hielan's, man,
    An' me cam a' ta wey,
  An' she saw Macdonell an' his men,
    As they cam frae ta Skee.'

  5.
  'Oh was ye near Macdonell's men?
    Did ye their numbers see?
  Come, tell to me, John Hielan'man,
    What micht their numbers be?'

  6.
  'Yes, me was near, an' near eneuch,
    An' me their numbers saw;
  There was fifty thousan' Hielan'men
    A-marchin' to Harlaw.'

  7.
  'Gin that be true,' says James the Rose,
    'We'll no come meikle speed;
  We'll cry upo' our merry men,
    And lichtly mount our steed.'

  8.
  'Oh no, oh no,' says John the Gryme,
    'That thing maun never be;
  The gallant Grymes were never bate,
    We'll try phat we can dee.'

  9.
  As I cam on, an' farther on,
    An' doun an' by Harlaw,
  They fell fu' close on ilka side;
    Sic fun ye never saw.

  10.
  They fell fu' close on ilka side,
    Sic fun ye never saw;
  For Hielan' swords gied clash for clash
    At the battle o' Harlaw.

  11.
  The Hielan'men, wi' their lang swords,
    They laid on us fu' sair,
  An' they drave back our merry men
    Three acres breadth an' mair.

  12.
  Brave Forbes to his brither did say,
    'Noo, brither, dinna ye see?
  They beat us back on ilka side,
    An' we'se be forced to flee.'

  13.
  'Oh no, oh no, my brither dear,
    That thing maun never be;
  Tak' ye your good sword in your hand,
    An' come your wa's wi' me.'

  14.
  'Oh no, oh no, my brither dear,
    The clans they are ower strang,
  An' they drive back our merry men,
    Wi' swords baith sharp an' lang.'

  15.
  Brave Forbes drew his men aside,
    Said 'Tak' your rest awhile,
  Until I to Drumminnor send,
    To fess my coat o' mail.'

  16.
  The servant he did ride,
    An' his horse it did na fail,
  For in twa hours an' a quarter
    He brocht the coat o' mail.

  17.
  Then back to back the brithers twa
    Gaed in amo' the thrang,
  An' they hewed doun the Hielan'men,
    Wi' swords baith sharp an' lang.

  18.
  Macdonell he was young an' stout,
    Had on his coat o' mail,
  An' he has gane oot throw them a',
    To try his han' himsell.

  19.
  The first ae straik that Forbes strack,
    He garrt Macdonell reel,
  An' the neist ae straik that Forbes strack,
    The great Macdonell fell.

  20.
  An' siccan a lierachie
    I'm sure ye never saw
  As wis amo' the Hielan'men,
    When they saw Macdonell fa'.

  21.
  An' whan they saw that he was deid,
    They turn'd an' ran awa,
  An' they buried him in Leggett's Den,
    A large mile frae Harlaw.

  22.
  They rade, they ran, an' some did gang,
    They were o' sma' record;
  But Forbes an' his merry men,
    They slew them a' the road.

  23.
  On Monanday, at mornin',
    The battle it began,
  On Saturday, at gloamin',
    Ye'd scarce kent wha had wan.

  24.
  An' sic a weary buryin'
    I'm sure ye never saw
  As wis the Sunday after that,
    On the muirs aneath Harlaw.

  25.
  Gin ony body speer at you
    For them ye took awa',
  Ye may tell their wives and bairnies
    They're sleepin' at Harlaw.


  [Annotations:
  15.4: 'fess,' fetch.
  19.1: 'ae,' one.
  20.1: 'lierachie,' confusion, hubbub.
  25.1: 'speer at,' ask of.]




THE LAIRD OF KNOTTINGTON


+The Text+ was sent to Percy in 1768 by R. Lambe of Norham. The ballad
is widely known in Scotland under several titles, but the most usual is
_The Broom of Cowdenknows_, which was the title used by Scott in the
_Minstrelsy_.


+The Story+ is not consistently told in this version, as in 11.3,4 the
daughter gives away her secret to her father in an absurd fashion.

An English song, printed as a broadside about 1640, _The Lovely
Northerne Lasse_, is directed to be sung 'to a pleasant Scotch tune,
called The broom of Cowden Knowes.' It is a poor variant of our ballad,
in the usual broadside style, and cannot have been written by any one
fully acquainted with the Scottish ballad. It is in the Roxburghe,
Douce, and other collections.


THE LAIRD OF KNOTTINGTON

  1.
  There was a troop of merry gentlemen
    Was riding atween twa knows,
  And they heard the voice of a bonny lass,
    In a bught milking her ews.

  2.
  There's ane o' them lighted frae off his steed,
    And has ty'd him to a tree,
  And he's gane away to yon ew-bught,
    To hear what it might be.

  3.
  'O pity me, fair maid,' he said,
    'Take pity upon me;
  O pity me, and my milk-white steed
    That's trembling at yon tree.'

  4.
  'As for your steed, he shall not want
    The best of corn and hay;
  But as to you yoursel', kind sir,
    I've naething for to say.'

  5.
  He's taen her by the milk-white hand,
    And by the green gown-sleeve,
  And he has led her into the ew-bught,
    Of her friends he speer'd nae leave.

  6.
  He has put his hand in his pocket,
    And given her guineas three;
  'If I dinna come back in half a year,
    Then luke nae mair for me.

  7.
  'Now show to me the king's hie street,
    Now show to me the way;
  Now show to me the king's hie street,
    And the fair water of Tay.'

  8.
  She show'd to him the king's hie street,
    She show'd to him the way;
  She show'd him the way that he was to go,
    By the fair water of Tay.

  9.
  When she came hame, her father said,
    'Come, tell to me right plain;
  I doubt you've met some in the way,
    You have not been your lain.'

  10.
  'The night it is baith mist and mirk,
    You may gan out and see;
  The night is mirk and misty too,
    There's nae body been wi' me.

  11.
  'There was a tod came to your flock,
    The like I ne'er did see;
  When he spake, he lifted his hat,
    He had a bonny twinkling ee.'

  12.
  When fifteen weeks were past and gane,
    Full fifteen weeks and three,
  Then she began to think it lang
    For the man wi' the twinkling ee.

  13.
  It fell out on a certain day,
    When she cawd out her father's ky,
  There was a troop of gentlemen
    Came merrily riding by.

  14.
  'Weel may ye sigh and sob,' says ane,
    'Weel may you sigh and see;
  Weel may you sigh and say, fair maid,
    Wha's gotten this bairn wi' thee?'

  15.
  She turned hersel' then quickly about,
    And thinking meikle shame;
  'O no, kind sir, it is na sae,
    For it has a dad at hame.'

  16.
  'O hawd your tongue, my bonny lass,
    Sae loud as I hear you lee!
  For dinna you mind that summer night
    I was in the bught wi' thee?'

  17.
  He lighted off his milk-white steed,
    And set this fair maid on;
  'Now caw out your ky, good father,' he said,
    'She'll ne'er caw them out again.

  18.
  'I am the laird of Knottington,
    I've fifty plows and three;
  I've gotten now the bonniest lass
    That is in the hale country.'


  [Annotations:
  1.2: 'knows,' knolls.
  1.4: 'bught,' sheep-pen.
  9.4: 'your lain,' by yourself.
  11.1: 'tod,' fox.
  18.2: 'plows': as much land as a plough will till in a year.]




THE WHUMMIL BORE


+The Text+ is from Motherwell's MS. He included it in the Appendix to
his _Minstrelsy_. No other collector or editor notices the ballad--'if
it ever were one,' as Child remarks.

The only point to be noted is that the second stanza has crept into two
versions of _Hind Horn_, apparently because of the resemblance of the
previous stanzas, which present a mere ballad-commonplace.


THE WHUMMIL BORE

  1.
  Seven lang years I hae served the king,
      _Fa fa fa fa lilly_
  And I never got a sight of his daughter but ane.
      _With my glimpy, glimpy, glimpy eedle,
      Lillum too tee a ta too a tee a ta a tally_

  2.
  I saw her thro' a whummil bore,
  And I ne'er got a sight of her no more.

  3.
  Twa was putting on her gown,
  And ten was putting pins therein.

  4.
  Twa was putting on her shoon,
  And twa was buckling them again.

  5.
  Five was combing down her hair,
  And I never got a sight of her nae mair.

  6.
  Her neck and breast was like the snow,
  Then from the bore I was forced to go.


  [Annotations:
  1.2,4,5: The burden is of course repeated in each stanza.
  2.1: 'whummil bore,' a hole bored with a whimble or gimlet.]




LORD MAXWELL'S LAST GOODNIGHT


+The Text+ is from the Glenriddell MSS., and is the one on which Sir
Walter Scott based the version given in the _Border Minstrelsy_. Byron
notes in the preface to _Childe Harold_ that 'the good-night in the
beginning of the first canto was suggested by Lord Maxwell's Goodnight
in the Border Minstrelsy.'


+The Story.+--John, ninth Lord Maxwell, killed Sir James Johnstone in
1608; the feud between the families was of long standing (see 3.4),
beginning in 1585. Lord Maxwell fled the country, and was sentenced to
death in his absence. On his return in 1612 he was betrayed by a
kinsman, and beheaded at Edinburgh on May 21, 1613. This was the end of
the feud, which contained cases of treachery and perfidy on both sides.

'Robert of Oarchyardtoun' was Sir Robert Maxwell of Orchardton, Lord
Maxwell's cousin.

'Drumlanrig,' 'Cloesburn,' and 'the laird of Lagg' were respectively
named Douglas, Kirkpatrick, and Grierson.

The Maxwells had houses, or custody of houses at Dumfries, Lochmaben,
Langholm, and Thrieve; and Carlaverock Castle is still theirs.

As for Lord Maxwell's 'lady and only joy,' the ballad neglects the fact
that he instituted a process of divorce against her, and that she died,
while it was pending, in 1608, five years before the date of the
'Goodnight.'


LORD MAXWELL'S LAST GOODNIGHT

  1.
  'Adiew, madam my mother dear,
    But and my sisters two!
  Adiew, fair Robert of Oarchyardtoun
    For thee my heart is woe.

  2.
  'Adiew, the lilly and the rose,
    The primrose, sweet to see!
  Adiew, my lady and only joy!
    For I manna stay with thee.

  3.
  'Tho' I have killed the laird Johnston,
    What care I for his feed?
  My noble mind dis still incline;
    He was my father's dead.

  4.
  'Both night and day I laboured oft
    Of him revenged to be,
  And now I've got what I long sought;
    But I manna stay with thee.

  5.
  'Adiew, Drumlanrig! false was ay,
    And Cloesburn! in a band,
  Where the laird of Lagg fra my father fled
    When the Johnston struck off his hand.

  6.
  'They were three brethren in a band;
    Joy may they never see!
  But now I've got what I long sought,
    And I maunna stay with thee.

  7.
  'Adiew, Dumfries, my proper place,
    But and Carlaverock fair!
  Adiew, the castle of the Thrieve,
    And all my buildings there!

  8.
  'Adiew, Lochmaben's gates so fair,
    The Langholm shank, where birks they be!
  Adiew, my lady and only joy!
    And, trust me, I maunna stay with thee.

  9.
  'Adiew, fair Eskdale, up and down,
    Where my poor friends do dwell!
  The bangisters will ding them down,
    And will them sore compel.

  10.
  'But I'll revenge that feed mysell
    When I come ou'r the sea;
  Adiew, my lady and only joy!
    For I maunna stay with thee.'

  11.
  'Lord of the land, will you go then
    Unto my father's place,
  And walk into their gardens green,
    And I will you embrace.

  12.
  'Ten thousand times I'll kiss your face,
    And sport, and make you merry.'
  'I thank thee, my lady, for thy kindness,
    But, trust me, I maunna stay with thee.'

  13.
  Then he took off a great gold ring,
    Whereat hang signets three;
  'Hae, take thee that, my ain dear thing,
    And still hae mind of me;

  14.
  'But if thow marry another lord
    Ere I come ou'r the sea;
  Adiew, my lady and only joy!
    For I maunna stay with thee.'

  15.
  The wind was fair, the ship was close,
    That good lord went away,
  And most part of his friends were there,
    To give him a fair convay.

  16.
  They drank thair wine, they did not spare,
    Even in the good lord's sight;
  Now he is o'er the floods so gray,
    And Lord Maxwell has ta'en his goodnight.


  [Annotations:
  3.2: 'feed,' feud.
  3.4: 'dead,' death.
  8.2: 'shank,' point of a hill.
  9.3: 'bangisters,' roisterers, freebooters.
  14.1: 'But if,' unless.]




END OF THE THIRD SERIES




APPENDIX


THE JOLLY JUGGLER

+The Text+ is from a manuscript at Balliol College, Oxford, No. 354,
already referred to in the First Series (p. 80) as supplying a text of
_The Nut-brown Maid_. The manuscript, which is of the early part of the
sixteenth century, has been edited by Ewald Fluegel in _Anglia_, vol.
xxvi., where the present ballad appears on pp. 278-9. I have only
modernised the spelling, and broken up the lines, as the ballad is
written in two long lines and a short one to each stanza.

No other text is known to me. The volume of _Anglia_ containing the
ballad was not published till 1903, some five years after Professor
Child's death; and I believe he would have included it in his collection
had he known of it.


+The Story+ narrates the subjugation of a proud lady who scorns all her
wooers, by a juggler who assumes the guise of a knight. On the morrow
the lady discovers her paramour to be a churl, and he is led away to
execution, but escapes by juggling himself into a meal-bag: the dust
falls in the lady's eye.

It would doubtless require a skilled folk-lorist to supply full critical
notes and parallels; but I subjoin such details as I have been able to
collect.

In _The Beggar Laddie_ (Child, No. 280, v. 116) a pretended beggar or
shepherd-boy induces a lassie to follow him, 'because he was a bonny
laddie.' They come to his father's (or brother's) hall; he knocks,
four-and-twenty gentlemen welcome him in, and as many gay ladies attend
the lassie, who is thenceforward a knight's or squire's lady.

In _The Jolly Beggar_ (Child, No. 279, v. 109), which, with the similar
Scottish poem _The Gaberlunzie Man_, is attributed without authority to
James V. of Scotland, a beggar takes up his quarters in a house, and
will only lie behind the hall-door, or by the fire. The lassie rises to
bar the door, and is seized by the beggar. He asks if there are dogs in
the town, as they would steal all his 'meal-pocks.' She throws the
meal-pocks over the wall, saying, 'The deil go with your meal-pocks, my
maidenhead, and a'.' The beggar reveals himself as a braw gentleman.

A converse story is afforded by the first part of the Norse tale
translated by Dasent in _Popular Tales from the Norse_, 1888, p. 39,
under the title of _Hacon Grizzlebeard_. A princess refuses all suitors,
and mocks them publicly. Hacon Grizzlebeard, a prince, comes to woo her.
She makes the king's fool mutilate the prince's horses, and then makes
game of his appearance as he drives out the next day. Resolved to take
his revenge, Hacon disguises himself as a beggar, attracts the
princess's notice by means of a golden spinning-wheel, its stand, and a
golden wool-winder, and sells them to her for the privilege of sleeping
firstly outside her door, secondly beside her bed, and finally in it.
The rest of the tale narrates Hacon's method of breaking down the
princess's pride.

Other parallels of incident and phraseology may be noted:--

4.1 'well good steed'; 'well good,' a commonplace = very good; for 'well
good steed,' cf. _John o' the Side_, 34.3 (p. 162 of this volume).

7.1 'Four-and-twenty knights.' The number is a commonplace in ballads;
especially cf. _The Beggar Laddie_ (as above), Child's text A, st. 13:

  'Four an' tuenty gentelmen
  They conved the beager ben,
  An' as mony gay lades
    Conved the beager's lassie.'

12.4 For the proper mediaeval horror of 'churl's blood,' see
_Glasgerion_, stt. 12, 19 (First Series, pp. 4, 5).

13.3 'meal-pock.' The meal-bag was part of the professional beggar's
outfit; see _Will Stewart and John_, 78.3 (Child, No. 107, ii. 437). For
blinding with meal-dust, see _Robin Hood and the Beggar_, ii. 77, 78
(Child, No. 134, iii. 163). The meal-pock also occurs in _The Jolly
Beggar_, as cited above.


THE JOLLY JUGGLER

  Draw me near, draw me near,
  Draw me near, ye jolly jugglere!

  1.
  Here beside dwelleth
    A rich baron's daughter;
  She would have no man
    That for her love had sought her.
      _So nice she was!_

  2.
  She would have no man
    That was made of mould,
  But if he had a mouth of gold
    To kiss her when she would.
      _So dangerous she was!_

  3.
  Thereof heard a jolly juggler
    That laid was on the green;
  And at this lady's words
    I wis he had great teen.
      _An-ang'red he was!_

  4.
  He juggled to him a well good steed
    Of an old horse-bone,
  A saddle and a bridle both,
    And set himself thereon.
      _A juggler he was!_

  5.
  He pricked and pranced both
    Before that lady's gate;
  She wend he [had] been an angel
    Was come for her sake.
      _A pricker he was!_

  6.
  He pricked and pranced
    Before that lady's bower;
  She wend he had been an angel
    Come from heaven tower.
      _A prancer he was!_

  7.
  Four-and-twenty knights
    Led him into the hall,
  And as many squires
    His horse to the stall,
      _And gave him meat_.

  8.
  They gave him oats
    And also hay;
  He was an old shrew
    And held his head away.
      _He would not eat._

  9.
  The day began to pass,
    The night began to come,
  To bed was brought
    The fair gentlewoman,
      _And the juggler also_.

  10.
  The night began to pass,
    The day began to spring;
  All the birds of her bower,
    They began to sing,
      _And the cuckoo also_!

  11.
  'Where be ye, my merry maidens,
    That ye come not me to?
  The jolly windows of my bower
    Look that you undo,
      _That I may see_!

  12.
  'For I have in mine arms
    A duke or else an earl.'
  But when she looked him upon,
    He was a blear-eyed churl.
      _'Alas!' she said._

  13.
  She led him to an hill,
    And hanged should he be.
  He juggled himself to a meal-pock;
    The dust fell in her eye;
      _Beguiled she was_.

  14.
  God and our Lady
    And sweet Saint Joham
  Send every giglot of this town
    Such another leman,
      _Even as he was_!


  [Annotations:
  2.3: 'But if,' unless.
  3.4: 'teen,' wrath.
  5.3, 6.3: 'wend,' thought.
  5.3: 'had' omitted in the manuscript.
  8.3: 'He': the manuscript reads '&.'
  13.3: 'meal-pock,' meal-bag.
  14.3: 'giglot,' wench.]




INDEX OF TITLES
                                                    PAGE

  Baron of Brackley, The,                            122
  Battle of Harlaw, The,                             194
  Battle of Otterburn, The,                           16
  Bessy Bell and Mary Gray,                          133
  Bewick and Grahame,                                101
  Braes of Yarrow, The,                               34

  Captain Car,                                        62
  Clyde's Water,                                     140

  Death of Parcy Reed, The,                           93
  Dick o' the Cow,                                    75
  Durham Field,                                      181

  Earl Bothwell,                                     177

  Fire of Frendraught, The,                          112
  Flodden Field,                                      71

  Gardener, The,                                     153
  Geordie,                                           118
  Gipsy Laddie, The,                                 129

  Heir of Linne, The,                                170
  Hunting of the Cheviot, The,                         1

  Jamie Douglas,                                     164
  John o' the Side,                                  156
  Johnie Armstrong,                                   30
  Jolly Juggler, The,                                211

  Katharine Jaffray,                                 145
  Kinmont Willie,                                     49

  Laird of Knottington, The,                         200
  Laird o' Logie, The,                                58
  Lizie Lindsay,                                     148
  Lord Maxwell's Last Goodnight,                     206

  Mary Hamilton,                                      44

  Outlyer Bold, The,                                  40

  Sir Hugh in the Grime's Downfall,                   89
  Sir James the Rose,                                135
  Sir Patrick Spence,                                 68

  Twa Brothers, The,                                  37
  Waly, waly, gin love be bonny,                     168
  Whummil Bore, The,                                 204


INDEX OF FIRST LINES
                                                    PAGE

  Adiew, madam my mother dear,                       207
  As I cam in by Dunidier,                           195

  God send the land deliverance,                      94
  Good Lord John is a hunting gone,                   89

  Here beside dwelleth,                              214

  I dreamed a dreary dream this night,                34
  Inverey cam doun Deeside, whistlin' and playin',   123
  It befell at Martynmas,                             63
  It's of a young lord o' the Hielands,             148
  I will sing, if ye will hearken,                    59

  King Jamie hath made a vow,                         72

  Lordings, listen and hold you still,               182

  Now Liddisdale has long lain in,                    76

  O Bessie Bell and Mary Gray,                       134
  Of all the lords in fair Scotland,                 171
  O have ye na heard o' the fause Sakelde,            50
  O heard ye of Sir James the Rose,                  135
  Old Grahame he is to Carlisle gone,                101
  O waly, waly up the bank,                          168

  Peter o' Whifield he hath slain,                   157

  Seven lang years I hae served the king,            204

  The eighteenth of October,                         113
  The gardener stands in his bower-door,             153
  The king sits in Dumferling toune,                  69
  The Perse owt off Northombarlonde,                   3
  There cam singers to Earl Cassillis' gates,        130
  There dwelt a man in faire Westmerland,             30
  There liv'd a lass in yonder dale,                 145
  There was a battle in the north,                   118
  There was a troop of merry gentlemen,              200
  There were three sisters, they lived in a bower,    40
  There were twa brethren in the north,               37

  Waly, waly up the bank,                            165
  Woe worth thee, woe worth thee, false Scotland,    177
  Word's gane to the kitchen,                         46

  Ye gie corn unto my horse,                         141
  Yt fell abowght the Lamasse tyde,                   18




  Printed by T. and A. CONSTABLE, Printers to His Majesty
  at the Edinburgh University Press

       *       *       *       *       *
           *       *       *       *
       *       *       *       *       *

Errata:

Bewick and Grahame
  [Stanza 33.]
  But if thou be a man, as I trow thou art,
    _text reads "he a man"_
Durham Field
  _"Crecy" consistently written with cedilla_
Lord Maxwell's Last Goodnight
  [editor's introduction]
  As for Lord Maxwell's 'lady and only joy,'
    _close quote missing_






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