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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Olden Time Series, Vol. 3: New-England
+Sunday, by Henry M. Brooks
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Olden Time Series, Vol. 3: New-England Sunday
+ Gleanings Chiefly From Old Newspapers Of Boston And Salem, Massachusetts
+
+Author: Henry M. Brooks
+
+Release Date: January 9, 2006 [EBook #17483]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE OLDEN TIME SERIES ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Juliet Sutherland, Christine D. and the Online
+Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+_THE OLDEN-TIME SERIES._
+
+16mo. Per vol., 50 cents.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+There appears to be, from year to year, a growing popular taste for quaint
+and curious reminiscences of "Ye Olden Time," and to meet this, Mr. Henry
+M. Brooks has prepared a series of interesting handbooks. The materials
+have been gleaned chiefly from old newspapers of Boston and Salem, sources
+not easily accessible, and while not professing to be history, the volumes
+contain much material for history, so combined and presented as to be both
+amusing and instructive. The titles of some of the volumes indicate their
+scope and their promise of entertainment:--
+
+ CURIOSITIES OF THE OLD LOTTERY.
+ DAYS OF THE SPINNING-WHEEL.
+ SOME STRANGE AND CURIOUS PUNISHMENTS.
+ QUAINT AND CURIOUS ADVERTISEMENTS.
+ LITERARY CURIOSITIES.
+ NEW-ENGLAND SUNDAY, ETC.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+"It has been the good fortune of the writer to be allowed a peep at the
+manuscript for this series, and he can assure the lovers of the historical
+and the quaint in literature that something both valuable and pleasant is
+in store for them. In the specialties treated of in these books Mr. Brooks
+has been for many years a careful collector and student, and it is
+gratifying to learn that the material is to be committed to book
+form."--_Salem Gazette_.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+_For sale by all Booksellers. Sent, post-paid, upon receipt of price.
+Catalogues of our books mailed free._
+
+
+TICKNOR & CO., BOSTON.
+
+
+
+
+THE OLDEN TIME SERIES
+
+ * * * * *
+
+NEW ENGLAND SUNDAY
+
+"_Sunday is the golden clasp that binds together the volume of the
+week._"--LONGFELLOW.
+
+"_What greater calamity can fall upon a nation than the loss of worship?
+Then all things go to decay._"--EMERSON.
+
+ "_There are some moody fellows, not a few,
+ Who, turn'd by Nature with a gloomy bias,
+ Renounce black devils to adopt the blue,
+ And think when they are dismal they are pious._"
+ HOOD.
+
+ "_Sundays observe; think when the bells do chime
+ 'Tis angel's music._"
+ HERBERT.
+
+
+
+
+THE OLDEN TIME SERIES.
+
+GLEANINGS CHIEFLY FROM OLD NEWSPAPERS OF BOSTON AND SALEM, MASSACHUSETTS
+
+SELECTED AND ARRANGED, WITH BRIEF COMMENTS
+
+BY
+
+HENRY M. BROOKS
+
+ * * * * *
+
+New-England Sunday
+
+
+"Old and new make the warp and woof of every moment. There is no thread
+that is not a twist of these two strands. By necessity, by proclivity, and
+by delight, we all quote."--EMERSON
+
+[Illustration: T AND CO]
+
+BOSTON
+
+TICKNOR AND COMPANY
+
+1886
+
+
+
+
+_Copyright, 1886,_
+
+BY TICKNOR AND COMPANY.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+_All rights reserved._
+
+
+=University Press:=
+
+JOHN WILSON AND SON, CAMBRIDGE.
+
+
+
+
+ INDEX OF NAMES.
+
+
+ PAGE
+
+ AGASSIZ, PROFESSOR L. 15
+ Andrew, Charles A. 43
+ Atkinson, Edward 15
+
+ BARNARD, THOMAS, D.D. 21
+ Beecher, Rev. H.W. 6
+ Bentley, William, D.D. 10, 11
+ Blanchard, Benjamin 20, 21
+ Bolles, Lucius, D.D. 21
+ Bonaparte, Napoleon 20
+ Brisset, Citizen 49
+ Burns, Robert 21
+
+ CABOT, JOS. S. 20
+ Chase, Philip 46
+ Churchill, Mr. 35
+ Cleveland, George 43, 46, 48
+ Coggin, Jacob 32
+ Crowninshield, John 43
+ Culver, Mr. 33
+
+ EMERSON, R.W. 58
+ Endicott, Governor John 33
+ Endicott, Samuel 20
+
+ FELT, REV. JOS. B. 8, 9, 18
+ Freeman, Nehemiah 22
+ Frothingham, Nathaniel 46, 48
+
+ GLOVER, MR. 34, 35
+ Guppy, Reuben 18
+
+ HODGES, CAPTAIN BENJAMIN 11
+ Hopkins, Daniel, D.D. 9, 21
+ Hopps, John Page 62
+
+ INGERSON, NATHANIEL 40
+
+ JACOBS, JOHN 32
+ Jefferson, Thomas 13
+ Johnson, Richard M. 47, 49, 50
+
+ KING CHARLES I. 37
+ King George II. 38
+ King George III. 38
+ King James I. 37
+ Kittredge, Dr. Benjamin 43, 46
+
+ LANE, DAVID 32
+ Le Favre, Mr. 10
+ Le Sage 40
+ Lord, William 18
+
+ MCCLURE, MR. 34, 36
+ Mitchell, Judge 34, 36
+
+ NEAL, DAVID A. 43
+
+ OSGOOD, BENJAMIN 32
+
+ PAINE, THOMAS 49, 56
+ Parker, Mr. 10
+ Peele, Willard 46, 48
+ Peters, Hugh 9
+ Phillips, Stephen C. 43, 46
+ Pickman, Dudley L. 46, 48
+ Pingree, David 43
+ Preston, Mr. 65
+ Prince, Rev. John, LL.D. 21
+ Putnam, Perley 43, 46, 48
+
+ SALTONSTALL, LEVERETT 43
+ Smith, Jonathan 15
+ Smith, Susan 15
+ Spurgeon, Rev, C.H. 6
+ Stearns, Charles 21
+ Story, Franklin H. 43
+ Swan, Mr. 10
+
+ TALMAGE, REV. DR. 6
+ Treadwell, John W. 43
+ Trumbull, Jonathan 15
+ Tucker, Gideon 46, 48
+
+ VOSE, MR. 34
+
+ W----, REV. MR. 41
+ Washington, George 1
+ Waters, Joseph G. 43
+ Waters, Stanley 10
+ West, Nathaniel, Jr. 43
+ White, Stephen 46
+ Whiting, Samuel 32
+ Wright, Fanny 56
+
+
+
+
+[Illustration]
+
+NEW-ENGLAND SUNDAY.
+
+
+SEEING in an old paper that General Washington was stopped by a
+"tythingman" in Connecticut in 1789 for the "crime" of riding on Sunday, we
+were naturally led to think about the "Sabbath question," as it is
+sometimes called. We find the account referred to in the "Columbian
+Centinel" for December, 1789.
+
+ THE _PRESIDENT_ AND THE _TYTHINGMAN_.
+
+ The President, on his return to New-York from his late tour,
+ through Connecticut, having missed his way on Saturday, was
+ obliged to ride a few miles on Sunday morning, in order to gain
+ the town, at which he had previously proposed to have attended
+ divine service.--Before he arrived, however, he was met by a
+ Tythingman, who commanding him to stop, demanded the occasion of
+ his riding; and it was not until the President had informed him
+ of every circumstance, and promised to go no further than the
+ town intended, that the Tythingman would permit him to proceed on
+ his journey.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+This Sunday question has been so often discussed of late years, and the
+opinions expressed on the same are so diverse, that it may be well to print
+a few selections on the subject from some of the old newspapers, that those
+who are interested may see, as a matter of curiosity, if for no other
+reason, what views have been entertained within the past century, more
+especially in New England, in reference to Sunday.
+
+In a Salem paper of 1775 the following notice appeared:--
+
+ WHEREAS the sober and thoughtful People of this Town are much
+ displeased by the great Noise and Disturbance made in the
+ Streets, on Saturday and Sabbath Day Evenings. It is earnestly
+ desired that all Heads of Families would keep their Children and
+ Servants at Home, on those Evenings, and thereby greatly
+ contribute to the Quiet of the Town and Peace of the Inhabitants.
+
+The appearance of Essex Street in Salem at the present time on Saturday
+evening would seem to indicate that "heads of families" do not now "keep
+their children and servants at home."
+
+ * * * * *
+
+From a communication in the "Massachusetts Centinel," April 30, 1788,
+"riding on the Sunday" is held to be a "flagrant crime."
+
+ _For the_ CENTINEL.
+
+ AS the devoting one day in seven to religious purposes is a
+ bounden duty we owe to God our creator, and a most reasonable law
+ of our Commonwealth--to see people riding on the Sunday in
+ pursuit of their worldly affairs, is so disgusting to the man of
+ true principle, that the neglect of our executive authority of so
+ flagrant a crime, is to be lamented. The common practice of a Mr.
+ C----fl----n of H-pk----n is notorious on this account. Would not
+ wish to traduce the character of any man, but would only query,
+ whether such conduct is not highly reprehensible, and deserving
+ the cognizance of the magistrate.
+
+ SUFFOLK.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+This is not at all strange from the point of view from which Sunday was
+then regarded. Indeed many people feel about the same now. They would have
+the old laws enforced in regard to riding and neglect of public worship.
+They have fears that the day may degenerate into a European Sunday, with
+prayers in the morning and amusements in the afternoon and evening.
+
+The changes in the past fifty years in reference to Sunday have indeed been
+very great, but we think they arise chiefly from a reaction from the too
+strict Puritanism of the past. While we would not have the day too strictly
+kept, we yet have no sympathy with that class of minds who think there
+should be no "day of rest" or no time set apart for religious exercises or
+church services, but would have all days exactly alike.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+According to the "Salem Mercury" of Aug. 12, 1788, the ministers of
+Connecticut, in convention, publish an address on the "increasing
+negligence of the Publick Worship of God," etc.
+
+ SALEM, AUGUST 12.
+
+ The Ministers of the State of Connecticut, convened in General
+ Association, have published a serious, sensible, plain Address to
+ the People of the Churches and Societies under their pastoral
+ care, on the subject of the increasing negligence of the Publick
+ Worship of God; which they consider as one of the most painful
+ and alarming, among the various instances of declension and
+ immorality, which at the present time threaten the very existence
+ of religion in this country.--"In what manner," says the Address,
+ "does this evil affect the political interests, the essential
+ wellbeing, of the community? All the branches of morality are
+ indissolubly connected. From one breach of moral obligation to a
+ second, to a third, and to all, the transition is easy, necessary
+ and rapid. From negligence of the duties we owe to God, the
+ passage is short to contempt for those we owe to men. The
+ Sabbath, in the judgment of reason and of revelation, is the
+ great hinge on which all these duties are turned. When the
+ ordinances of this holy day are forsaken and forgotten, the whole
+ system of moral obligation must of course be also forgotten; the
+ great, substantial and permanent good, of which religion is the
+ only source, is effectually destroyed; the political peace and
+ welfare of a community, the salvation of the human soul, the
+ infinitely benevolent designs of redeeming love, the institution
+ of the means of grace, and the obedience and sufferings of the
+ Son of God, are frustrated and set at nought. Thus, by one
+ effectual blow of sin, and the friends of sin, are all the great
+ and valuable interests of mankind overthrown."
+
+ * * * * *
+
+Although our remarks are confined to America, we may mention that it has
+been stated by some of our own countrymen who have visited London that
+Sunday is generally as well observed there as in New England; yet we find
+in the "Salem Gazette" of Nov. 23, 1785, that the attendance on public
+worship in London was then rather small as compared with what might have
+been seen in Boston at the same date. But that was before the days of the
+"sensation" preachers, as they are called,--Spurgeon, Beecher, Talmage, and
+men of that stamp, who now draw crowds of people, many of whom are not
+always the most religious in the community, but who love excitement rather
+than quiet contemplation.
+
+ LONDON,
+
+ _Sept._ 13. Sunday being a day of rest, 739 horses were yesterday
+ engaged on _parties of pleasure_.
+
+ In fifty churches, eastward of Temple-bar, the congregations
+ amounted, on an average, to _seven_ for each church in the
+ morning, and _five_ in the afternoon. This shews the state of the
+ Christian religion in the metropolis to be far better than could
+ be expected!
+
+ 1785.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+The following extract from the "Belfast Patriot" of 1825 shows how the
+"Lord's day" was regarded in 1776 in the "District of Maine."
+
+ FIFTY YEARS AGO. At a town meeting, held on the common, on the
+ south end of lot No. 26, probably where the meeting house now
+ stands, on the east side of the river, in Belfast, Oct. 10th,
+ 1776, the town then having been incorporated two years--among
+ other things "to see if there can be any plan laid to stop the
+ Inhabitants from visiting on Sunday." "Voted, That if any person
+ makes unnecessary vizits on the Sabeth they shall be Lookt on
+ with Contempt untill they make acknowledgement to the Public."
+
+ * * * * *
+
+Houses of worship were formerly "as cold as a barn."
+
+Notwithstanding all the comforts and conveniences of modern places of
+worship, to say nothing about the more interesting preaching and other
+exercises, some people consider it a hardship to be obliged to attend even
+one service on Sunday. How was it in "old times"? Our ancestors were
+obliged to conform to the prevalent custom of going to meeting whether they
+liked it or not. The law did not then excuse any one from attendance at
+public worship, except for sickness. Not to be a "meeting-goer" in those
+days was to range one's self with thieves and robbers and other outlaws. No
+matter if the meeting-house was cold, and there was danger of consumption;
+it was apparently "more pleasing to the Lord" that a man should get sick
+attending services in "his house" than by staying away preserve his health.
+Mr. Felt, in his "Annals of Salem," says: "For a long period the people of
+our country did not consider that a comfortable degree of warmth while at
+public worship contributed much to a profitable hearing of the gospel. The
+first stove we have heard of in Massachusetts for a meeting-house was put
+up by the First congregation of Boston in 1773. In Salem the Friends'
+Society had two plate-stoves brought from Philadelphia in 1793. The North
+Church had one in 1809; the South had a brick Russian stove in 1812. About
+the same date the First Church had a stove and the Tabernacle had one also.
+The objections that [to heat churches] was contrary to the custom of their
+hardy fathers and mothers, [and that it] was an indication of extravagance
+and degeneracy, had ceased to be advanced. Not a few remember the general
+knocking of feet on cold days and near the close of long sermons. On such
+occasions the Rev. Dr. Hopkins used to say, now and then: 'My hearers, have
+a little patience, and I will soon close.'"
+
+Mr. Felt says that Hugh Peters (one of the ministers of the First Church)
+was represented by an English painter as in a pulpit with a large assembly
+before him, turning an hour-glass and using these words: "I know you are
+good fellows, stay and take another glass."
+
+ * * * * *
+
+The Lord's Day in Connecticut in 1788.
+
+ ANECDOTE.
+
+ A Gentleman in the State of Connecticut, regularly attended
+ publick worship on the Lord's day with all his family: On the
+ Sunday evening he always catechised his children and servants on
+ the principles of religion, and what they heard the minister
+ deliver from the pulpit. He had a negro man who never could
+ remember a note of the sermon, though otherwise smart. At last
+ his master peremptorily told him he would on Monday morning tie
+ him up and flog him. Next Sunday evening, when interrogated, he
+ had forgotten all: On Monday morning his master executes his
+ threat so far, as to tie him up. The fellow then cried out, O
+ master spare me, for I remember something the minister said. What
+ is it? said the master. The fellow replied, "_This much may
+ suffice at this time._" His master was so pleased with his wit
+ that he forgave him.
+
+ _Salem Mercury_, August 12.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+From the Rev. Dr. Bentley's notes, edited by Stanley Waters, printed in the
+"Salem Gazette," we learn that even in old times people occasionally
+absented themselves from public worship on the Lord's Day.
+
+Under date of 1791 we read,--
+
+ Jan. 23. No singing through the whole day--not even an attempt.
+ Mr. Le Favre Swan & Parker promised their assistance, but by
+ drawing a prize of L300 in the Lottery they have been detained
+ from Public Worship.
+
+And in 1792,--
+
+ Mch. 11. Sunday. The Ship Grand Turk burdened 550 Tons sailed
+ this day for India, Capt. B. Hodges.
+
+ The previous invitations given to the principal Gentlemen of the
+ Town & the fame of a ship built in the Town & furnished with
+ Sails from our own manufactories urged a curiosity so strong that
+ few people were left in our houses of worship. Weather fine.
+
+Thus we see that pecuniary success and pleasant weather were as influential
+in 1792 as they are in 1886 in diverting individuals from their ordinary
+religious privileges.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+The following extracts from the "Salem Impartial Register" of July 27,
+1801, will perhaps have interest when considered in connection with some
+circumstances which have taken place in Salem within a year or two:--
+
+ _THE CONNECTICUT SABBATH._
+
+ IN ancient days, 't was God's most sacred will,
+ To give his law on Sinai's lofty hill,
+ Whose top terrific issued clouds of smoke,
+ And thus, amidst the flames, th' Eternal spoke;
+ Six days, said he, (and loud the same express'd)
+ Shall men still labor, and on the seventh rest:
+ But here alas! like yon great pious town,[A]
+ They break his law, and thus prefer their own:
+ "And let it be enacted further still,
+ That all our people strict observe our will:
+ Five days and half shall men and women too
+ Attend their business, and their mirth pursue.
+ But after that, no man without a fine,
+ Shall walk the streets, or at a tavern dine.
+ One day and half 'tis requisite to rest,
+ From toilsome labor, and a tempting feast.
+ Henceforth let none, on peril of their lives,
+ Attempt a journey, or embrace their wives:
+ No Barber, foreign or domestic bred,
+ Shall e'er presume to dress a lady's head.
+ No shop shall spare (half the preceding day),
+ A yard of Ribband, or an ounce of Tea.
+ Five days and half th' inhabitants may ride
+ All round the town, and villages beside;
+ But, in their travels, should they miss the road,
+ 'Tis our command they lodge that night abroad."
+ From hence 'tis plainly seen how chang'd indeed,
+ That sacred law which GOD himself decreed!
+ In this one act they think to merit heav'n,
+ By taking half a day from six to add to seven.
+
+ [A] _Boston--where a similar law was formerly enforced with rigour._
+
+ _"One Man esteemeth one day above another; another esteemeth
+ every day ALIKE. Let every man be fully persuaded in his own
+ mind."_ Romans xiv. 5.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+ The _old_ custom of opening Barbers' Shops in this Town on Sunday
+ ceased yesterday, in consequence of the determination of the
+ Grand Jury to make presentment of all such violations of the
+ Sabbath. Cautions have also been given to the Horse Letters,
+ against loaning any Horses or Carriages on Sunday; and there
+ appears to be a very serious and wise determination in the
+ "_Gentlemen_ of the Grand Jury" to put a stop to those shameful
+ practices, which have for twenty years disgraced the most sober
+ and quiet Town in Massachusetts! _Laus Deo!_ There will be no
+ more horses killed now of a Sunday in going to Boston, either by
+ _lack of bating_, or by _hard driving_! It is whispered, that the
+ public are indebted, for this salutary reform, to the covert
+ exertions of a _ci-devant_ PREACHER, who lacking the ability to
+ _lead_ his _wakeful_ flock formerly, is now determined to _drive_
+ all within his Circuit, into the pale of obedience, and thereby
+ make up for former Sins of Omission. The Federalists predicted
+ the loss of Religion, should Jefferson be President. We certainly
+ have a good _Sample_ (thus early under his administration) that
+ its state will be improved.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+Although doubts have often been expressed as to the authenticity of certain
+Connecticut "Blue Laws," it is probable that many laws which have
+sometimes been referred to as such were in the early days of the colony
+actually in force,--as the following, which we find in an old paper. They
+are certainly not much stronger than laws of the time in Massachusetts.
+
+ No one shall be a freeman, or give a vote, unless he be
+ converted, and a member in full communion, of one of the Churches
+ allowed in this dominion.
+
+ No one shall travel, cook victuals, make beds, sweep house, cut
+ hair, or shave, on the Sabbath day.
+
+ No woman shall kiss her child on the Sabbath, or fasting-day.
+
+ No one shall run on the Sabbath day, or walk in his garden, or
+ elsewhere, except reverently to and from meeting.
+
+ No one shall read common prayer books, keep Christmas, or set
+ days, make minced pies, dance, play cards, or play on any
+ instrument of music, except the Drum, Trumpet, or Jewsharp.
+
+ No food or lodging shall be offered to a Quaker, Adamite, or
+ other heretic.
+
+ If any person turns Quaker, he shall be banished, and not
+ suffered to return but on pain of death.
+
+ No Roman Catholic priest shall abide in the dominion; he shall be
+ banished, and suffer death on his return.
+
+Some years ago, a law-book which had belonged to Jonathan Trumbull,
+containing the early statutes of Connecticut, was in the possession of a
+Boston gentleman,[1] who informs us that at the end of the volume, in
+manuscript, were found reports of "Brother Jonathan's" adjudications of
+small cases which he tried as "justice of the peace." Among them was one
+where "His Majesty's tythingman" entered a complaint against Jona and Susan
+Smith for a "profanation of the Sabbath;" namely, "That on the ---- day of
+---- during Divine Service on the Lord's Day _they did smile_." The
+culprits were adjudged to be guilty of the offence, and severally fined
+"five shillings and costs." This book was shown to the late Professor
+Agassiz, who examined it with great interest and then made the following
+remark: "I find here evidence of the difference between the Calvinism of
+Switzerland and the Calvinism of America. I was brought up in that faith. I
+went to meeting in the morning, I danced with the parson's daughter on the
+green in the afternoon, and I played whist with the parson in the evening."
+
+[1] Edward Atkinson, Esq.
+
+The legislature of Massachusetts in the year 1760 passed the following
+laws in relation to Sunday and to the proper observance of Saturday
+evening:--
+
+ "Whereas it is the Duty of all Persons, upon the Lord's-Day
+ carefully to apply themselves publickly and privately to Religion
+ and Piety, the Prophanation of the Lord's-Day is highly offensive
+ to Almighty God; of evil Example and tends to the Grief and
+ Disturbance of all pious and religiously disposed persons.
+
+ Therefore that the Prophanation of the said Day may be fully
+ prevented: Be it further enacted, That no Person whatsoever shall
+ keep open their Shops &c. &c.--do or exercise any Labour nor any
+ Sport, Game Play or Recreation on the Lord's Day or any part
+ thereof &c. &c. under penalties of not exceeding twenty shillings
+ for every offence."
+
+Travelling was also prohibited, and it was enacted,--
+
+ "That if any Person or Persons shall be recreating, disporting or
+ unnecessarily walking or loitering, or if any Persons shall
+ unnecessarily assemble themselves in any of the Streets, Lanes,
+ Wharves, High-Ways, Commons, Fields, Pastures or Orchards of any
+ Town or Place within this Province upon the Lord's Day, or any
+ Part thereof, every Person so offending shall forfeit and pay
+ the sum of five shillings and upon a second Conviction bound for
+ good behaviour,... If any Persons being able of Body and not
+ otherwise necessarily prevented shall for the space of one Month
+ together absent themselves from the Publick Worship of God on the
+ Lord's Day, they shall forfeit and pay the sum of ten shillings.
+
+ "And whereas many Persons are of opinion that the Sabbath or Time
+ of religious Rest, begins on Saturday evening, therefore to
+ prevent all unnecessary Disturbance of Persons of such Opinion,
+ as well as to encourage in all others a due and seasonable
+ Preparation for the religious Duties of the Lord's Day: Be it
+ further enacted, That no Person shall keep open any Shop,
+ Ware-House or Work-House or hawk or sell any Provisions or Wares
+ in Streets or Lanes of any Town or District, or be present at any
+ Concert of Musick, Dancing or other Publick Diversion on the
+ Evening next preceding the Lord's-Day, on Pain of forfeiting ten
+ Shillings for each Offence, &c."
+
+Wardens were to be appointed in all the towns and districts to see that
+these laws were duly enforced. All existing laws on the Sabbath were at
+that time repealed, but some of the laws then passed are still in force.
+
+The following is from Felt's "Annals of Salem:"--
+
+ 1676.
+
+ April 20th. "Ordered by ye Selectmen yt the three Constables doe
+ attend att ye three great doores of ye meeting house every Lord's
+ day att ye end of sermon, boath forenoone and afternoone and to
+ keep ye doors fast and suffer none to goe out before ye whole
+ exercise bee ended, unless itt be such as they conceive have
+ necessary occasion and to take notice of any such as shall
+ presume to goe forth as above said and present their names as ye
+ law directs. Ordered that all ye boys of ye towne are and shall
+ bee appointed to sitt upon ye three paire of staires in ye
+ meeting house on the Lord's day and Wm. Lord is appointed to look
+ to the boyes yt sitt upon ye pulpit staires and for ye other
+ staires Reuben Guppy is to look to and order soe many of ye boyes
+ as may be convenient and if any are unruly to present their names
+ as ye law directs."
+
+ On Sundays, P.M. when sermon is ended, the people in the
+ galleries come down and march two abreast up one ile and down
+ another until they come before the desk, for _pulpit they have
+ none_. Before the desk is a long pue where the Elders and Deacons
+ sit, one of them with a money box in his hand, into which the
+ people as they pass, put their offerings, some _1s._, some _2s._
+ or a half crown, or _5s._, according to their ability and good
+ will, after this they conclude with a psalm.
+
+While in 1814 in some parts of Massachusetts and New Hampshire the
+tithingmen felt obliged to issue an address of warning to the public, in
+Boston in 1815 Sunday seems to have been well observed. We copy two notices
+from the "Salem Gazette."
+
+ _To the Public._
+
+ AS the profanation of the Lord's Day is inconsistent with the
+ welfare of society and a gross violation of the laws of the
+ State; therefore we the undersigned, being appointed Tithingmen,
+ give notice to the public, that we are under oath, and it has
+ become our indispensable duty to prosecute all, who wilfully
+ violate the laws with respect to the Lord's Day.
+
+ And we hereby request all persons, to abstain on the Lord's Day
+ from travelling, from worldly business and amusement, and thus
+ relieve us from the painful necessity of prosecuting for a
+ violation of the laws of the State.
+
+ [_Signed by the Tithingmen of Concord, N.H. Salem, N.H. Bradford,
+ Ms. Andover, Reading, Tewksbury, Beverly, Manchester, Hamilton,
+ Ipswich, and Wilmington._]
+
+ Aug. 6, 1814.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+ BOSTON JUNE 1.--At the meeting on Monday last, the town of Boston
+ evinced its good sense by voting to postpone the choice of
+ _Tythingmen_ till the first Monday of March next. We venture to
+ assert, that in no district in the universe, of the extent and
+ population of Massachusetts, is the Sabbath more decently and
+ _sincerely_ observed.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+Law against keeping barber's shops open on Sunday morning in Salem in
+1804:--
+
+ SUNDAY LAW IN SALEM--BARBERS' SHOPS 80 YEARS AGO.
+
+
+ Correspondence of the Salem Gazette.
+
+ BOSTON, Aug. 5.
+
+ About 1804 your Selectmen ordered that after a given date no
+ barber's shop should be kept open on Sunday morning. There was no
+ appeal from their mandate. The fatal last Sunday arrived; the
+ customers of the esteemed Benj. Blanchard, whose shop was at the
+ upper part of Essex street, opposite the Endicott and Cabot
+ mansions, came as usual to have their hair tied; it was the epoch
+ of queues, and it was necessary to their aspect in church that
+ their back hair should be artistically bound with ribbon and
+ their heads nicely pomatumed, even though, like Bonaparte, they
+ shaved their own beards. This last Sunday it was observable that
+ each gentleman, in his turn, after being barbered, instead of
+ hurrying off as usual, resumed his seat. As the second bell began
+ to ring, the last customer was accomplished, and the whole
+ company rose from their chairs, filed out into Essex street,
+ formed a line in front of Mr. Blanchard's shop, and gave three
+ rousing cheers; then, like Burns's "Twa Dogs, each took off his
+ several way," some to Dr. Barnard's North Church, some to Dr.
+ Hopkins's, Dr. Bolles's, or Dr. Prince's First Church.
+
+ _Salem Gazette_, August, 1885.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+The Middlesex Sabbath Association meet in November, 1815, but find nothing
+to do. No Sabbath-breakers reported, probably.
+
+
+ SABBATH ASSOCIATION.
+
+ WHEREAS the Association in the county of Middlesex, for aiding in
+ carrying into effect the Laws of this Commonwealth against the
+ violation of the Sabbath, met at Concord in November last,--and
+ finding nothing which required further proceedings at that time,
+ thought fit to adjourn. This is to give notice, that the meeting
+ of said Association stands adjourned, to meet at Concord, at the
+ former place of meeting, in Hamilton's Hotel, on the first
+ WEDNESDAY in February next, at ten o'clock A.M.
+
+ A general attendance is requested.
+
+ CHARLES STEARNS, _Per Order_.
+
+ _Lincoln, January_ 11, 1816.
+
+ _Columbian Centinel_.
+
+The following notice from the "Columbian Centinel" shows that rapid
+driving on the Lord's Day was forbidden in Boston as lately as 1817:--
+
+ POLICE OFFICE.
+
+ _Boston, July_ 12, 1817.
+
+ COMPLAINTS having been made at this office of dangers and
+ disturbances arising from the rapidity with which carriages are
+ driven on the Lord's Day, special persons have been selected to
+ take notice of this indecorous conduct, that the law on the
+ subject may be rigidly enforced. It is forbidden to drive, during
+ Divine Service, or while the inhabitants are going to or
+ returning from their several houses of public worship, any
+ carriage at a greater rate than a walk or moderate foot pace; and
+ masters and mistresses are responsible, if the servants are
+ unable to pay the penalty incurred by them in this offence.
+
+ NEH. FREEMAN, _Superintendent._
+
+ * * * * *
+
+Making hay on Sunday is here condemned in some very choice lines.
+
+ --> There is much more PIETY than POETRY in the following
+ stanzas:--And though the employment condemned, cannot occur for a
+ season at least, the MORAL inculcated we trust, will have a
+ tendency to prevent other breaches of Holy Time.
+
+ _THE PIOUS FARMER._
+
+ SHOULD it rain all the week and the Sundays prove fine,
+ Though others make hay, yet I'll not work at mine;
+ For, I don't think, for my part, such sun-shine was given,
+ Us mortals to lure from the path-way to heaven.
+
+ Some to work on the Sabbath will make a pretence,
+ That taxes are high, and they can't pay their rents;
+ But my rents and my taxes I'll still hope to pay,
+ Though on sun-shiny Sundays I do not make hay.
+
+ For this shall my heart never call me a sinner,
+ While I still hope in God I shall ne'er want my dinner;
+ To lay up a store, I'd try every fair way,
+ But on Sundays, though sun shines, I will not make hay.
+
+ Some plead in excuse, that, not waiting for Monday,
+ Great battles are won, though they're fought on a Sunday!
+ At famed Waterloo too,--there's none greater than it,
+ But then, 'tis well known, the lost Tyrant began it.
+
+ 'Tis a custom with me to spend godly that day;
+ But while French go to war, and the English make hay,
+ Though the season proves wet, and hay gets in but slowly,
+ Yet I would not do other than keep the day holy.
+
+ Far, far be from me, to ape those saving Elves,
+ Who rob God of his due, to grow richer themselves;
+ But be mine the pursuit, which all good men approve,
+ To strive to be rich in the Regions above.
+
+ If it rain all the Week, then on God I'll recline,
+ And not work on Sunday, although the sun shine:
+ In this Faith deeply rooted, no ills I forbode,
+ That a man's seldom poorer for serving his God.
+
+ _Columbian Centinel_, Nov. 27, 1816.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+From the "Essex Register," Salem, May 18, 1822, we learn that there had
+been trouble caused by ill-bred young men congregating at the public
+corners on Sunday evening, and also that some females had behaved badly at
+that time.
+
+ One of those ill bred and riotous fellows, who have become
+ notorious for their bad conduct of late, at the corners of our
+ streets, was arrested by one of our most vigilant constables, at
+ the corner of North and Essex streets, on Sunday evening last,
+ carried before a magistrate, committed to prison, and bound over
+ for his future good conduct. Our municipal authorities, and all
+ others concerned in bringing this person to punishment, deserve
+ the thanks of their fellow-citizens. The town of Salem, once so
+ distinguished for the purity of its manners and the good order of
+ its society, has been disgraced of late, by outrages upon the
+ peace and quiet of the community, committed by noisy assemblages
+ of young men at the public corners--and even _females_ have been
+ seen to exhibit a demeanor in the streets disreputable to the
+ town, and disgraceful in the highest degree to themselves. This
+ conduct should receive not only the discountenance, but the
+ decided reprehension of the respectable part of the community.
+ Every citizen is interested, and is moreover bound to manifest
+ his interest by his acts, in bringing every offender to prompt
+ and condign punishment. The stake which every one has in the good
+ order of the community, is great--it behoves, then, every one to
+ exert himself to re-establish and preserve it.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+In 1819 in New York there were loud complaints of the violation of the
+Sabbath, as we see by an account taken from the "Salem Gazette."
+
+ NEW-YORK, JULY 14.
+
+ _VIOLATION OF THE SABBATH._
+
+
+ A few weeks since, a meeting of the citizens was called, to
+ devise some efficient means to suppress the violation of the
+ Sabbath. A committee was appointed to report a plan for that
+ purpose. I wish to inquire what that committee have done, and
+ when another meeting is to be called to receive their
+ report.--The evil still remains, and is certainly accumulating
+ under the most aggravated forms.--Our churches are nearly
+ deserted on the Sabbath, while every place of amusement and
+ pleasurable retreat is thronged. Good authority states the
+ numbers that frequent Brooklyn every Sabbath, at from ten to
+ twenty thousand, and a proportionable number may be computed to
+ visit every other island and place of resort in the vicinity. We
+ have forty-five churches, and a population of one hundred and
+ twenty thousand; admitting one thousand to attend each church, it
+ follows that seventy-five thousand violate that command of the
+ Apostle which requires Christians "not to forsake the assembling
+ of themselves together." Let the citizens organize societies to
+ suppress the violation of the Sabbath and all other vice and
+ immorality.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+"Sabbath-breakers" had multiplied to such an extent in 1815 that
+conventions were held in many of the counties in Massachusetts to see what
+could be done in reference to the evil. We have a report of the Essex
+convention at Topsfield, Oct. 4, 1815. The Committee say, among other
+things,--
+
+ Although most men, even if they have no regard for the Divine
+ Being or the welfare of society, when they know that
+ Sabbath-breaking is offensive to the great body of the community,
+ will, from regard to themselves, refrain from it, yet there are
+ some abandoned individuals, who are so lost to all proper regard
+ even for themselves, as well as their Maker, and their
+ fellow-men, that in violation of laws, human and Divine, and in
+ direct opposition to the wishes of the community, they still
+ continue to travel and labour upon the Sabbath.
+
+ Such persons ought _surely_ to be prosecuted, and made to feel
+ that they cannot violate the laws of the Commonwealth, and
+ profane the Sabbath with impunity.
+
+ If their conduct is suffered to continue, others will be
+ emboldened to follow their example; the evil will again increase,
+ and eventually become as great as before.
+
+ But if they find that they cannot profane the Sabbath without
+ being subjected to the trouble, shame and expense of a penal
+ prosecution, this enormous evil, which has so long been
+ undermining the best interests of the community, and drawing
+ down upon us Divine judgments, will be prevented. For past
+ experience has fully demonstrated, that wherever the laws are
+ prudently, and at the same time promptly and faithfully executed,
+ the evil will cease.
+
+And among the Resolves passed by the Convention we find these,--
+
+ III. Resolved, that we earnestly recommend to Tythingmen, Civil
+ Officers and the friends of the Sabbath in every town, to
+ prosecute, or cause to be prosecuted, without distinction and
+ without delay, all, who are travelling without sufficient reason,
+ or in any way wilfully violating the laws respecting the Lord's
+ Day.
+
+ V. Resolved, that we recommend to all the friends of order, to
+ circulate as extensively as possible, such tracts and pamphlets
+ as are calculated to promote the due observance of the Lord's
+ Day.
+
+ Voted, that the Clerk be requested to send a copy of the doings
+ of the Convention, to the Editors of the public papers in Boston,
+ Salem, Newburyport and Haverhill, and that they be requested to
+ publish the same in their respective papers.
+
+
+A full account of this convention can be found in the "Salem Gazette," Oct.
+31, 1815. It does not appear that there was any disturbance of public
+worship to complain of, only many people neglected to attend the meetings,
+or walked or rode for pleasure on the Lord's Day.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+In the same month and year the "Worcester AEgis" gave expression to opinions
+on the question of "Sabbath-breaking" which we think accord more with
+modern ideas than do those of the Essex convention. The views of the "AEgis"
+probably represented the average liberal sentiment of that day.
+
+ _WORCESTER, OCT. 25._
+
+ _BREACH OF THE SABBATH._
+
+ At the late session of the S.J. Court at Northampton it was
+ decided that a justice of the peace could not issue a warrant for
+ a breach of the Sunday laws against an offender that is not an
+ inhabitant of the county where the offence is committed, but that
+ he must be prosecuted only before a grand jury; and that justices
+ of the peace could not issue warrants, nor sheriffs serve them,
+ on the Lord's day, for any breaches of those laws. Damages were
+ awarded against a justice, a tythingman, and a sheriff, upon the
+ latter principle.
+
+ Upon this decision we congratulate the public. It has taken a
+ formidable weapon from the hands of those petty tyrants, who are
+ labouring to revive the reign of religious persecution. We trust
+ we shall no longer see the Sabbath trespassed upon by these
+ _official harpies_, who, instead of spending the day as they
+ ought, in worshiping God, confessing their own manifold sins, and
+ praying that they may be endued with a more christian temper, are
+ riding or walking the highway, "seeking whom they may devour,"
+ and gratifying at once their malice and their avarice, by
+ plundering their fellow-citizens, and filling their own pockets.
+ In some towns they have been stationed at every turn of the road,
+ ready to dart out upon the traveller, like a spider from the
+ corner of his web. We rejoice at every occurrence which checks
+ this persecuting spirit.--Those who know us, know that we
+ respect the Sabbath and its holy institutions: for this very
+ reason we reprobate conduct which has a direct tendency to bring
+ these institutions into contempt. In all ages, the
+ _anti-christian spirit_ of _christian professors_ has done more
+ injury to the cause of religion, than the attacks of its declared
+ enemies. Real Christianity cannot flourish by persecution.
+ Excessive rigour defeats the very purposes it is intended to
+ subserve. In time there will be a re-action, and men will go to
+ the opposite extreme--religion and morals will be as much too
+ lax, as they were before too strict.
+
+ In no part of the world is the sabbath so scrupulously observed
+ as in _New-England_. As we keep it, it resembles more the _Jewish
+ Sabbath_, than the Sabbath of all other parts of Christendom. We
+ had much rather see this nice punctiliousness, than that
+ indifference which prevails in some places. But we think there is
+ such a thing as _drawing the cord too tight_--so tight that it
+ will be in danger of snapping in sunder! The good habits of our
+ countrymen, and the increasing regard which is entertained for
+ religion, will be a sure guaranty of the respectful observance of
+ the Sabbath. There are very few men in the community, who dare to
+ outrage public feeling by a wanton violation of the solemnity of
+ the day. We have excellent laws to punish those who disturb the
+ devotions of any society or individual. Let these laws be put in
+ execution without fear, favour or affection. But for the rest,
+ let religion take care of itself--it needs no assistance from the
+ feeble arm of the magistrate.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+ Tythingmen's Notice.
+
+ WE the subscribers, Tythingmen of the several towns annexed to
+ our names, having taken the Oath of Office, it becomes our
+ indispensable duty to see the laws of this Commonwealth, "for the
+ due observation of the Lord's Day," faithfully executed; which we
+ are determined to do as far as may be in our power. We,
+ therefore, call on all persons to abstain from the violation of
+ said laws; as they would avoid "the several penalties annexed to
+ the several offences therein described," and save us from the
+ painful necessity of a prosecution, which otherwise must
+ immediately follow.
+
+ } Tithingman of Bedford in
+ DAVID LANE, } behalf of himself and five
+ } others.
+
+ } Tithingman of Westford
+ BENJ. OSGOOD, } in behalf of himself and
+ } four others.
+
+ } Tithingman of Carlisle in
+ JOHN JACOBS, } behalf of himself and one
+ } other.
+
+ } Tithingman of Bilerica
+ SAM'L WHITING, } in behalf of himself and
+ } nine others.
+
+ May 27th, 1815.
+
+
+
+ * * * * *
+
+
+ Lord's Day.
+
+ NOTICE is hereby given, that the Middlesex Convention for
+ suppressing violations of the Laws of the Commonwealth, relative
+ to the Sabbath, stands adjourned to the third Wednesday in May,
+ at Hamilton's Tavern in Concord, at 10 o'clock, A.M.
+
+ JACOB COGGIN, _Sec'y_.
+
+ N. B.--It is particularly requested that all the Clergy, and
+ others in the county, who feel interested in the object would
+ attend. may 13, 1815
+
+THE SABBATH. An ecclesiastical council was lately convened at Kingsbury,
+N. York, to decide a controversy which had originated between the minority
+and majority of the Baptist Church, in Kingsbury, respecting an observance
+of the Christian Sabbath. One of the Elders of the Church, Mr. Culver, had
+written, preached and published a discourse, which, in the opinion of the
+Council, amounted to a full and complete denial of all Scriptural
+authority, for observing a day as a Christian Sabbath. The Council, after
+stating the reasons, which in their opinion, conclusively proved the
+obligation of the Christian to observe the Sabbath, recommend an union
+between the parties to this controversy, and if the majority do not comply,
+the Council deem it their imperious duty, to recognize the minority as the
+regular Baptist Church.
+
+In a former paper, we alluded to the manner in which the Sabbath was
+regarded by our ancestors. It appears, that the following special
+instructions on this subject were given to Gov. Endicott, by the
+New-England Plantation Company.
+
+ "And to the end, the Saboth may bee celebrated in a religious
+ manner, we appoint, that all that inhabite the plantation, both
+ for the general and particular employment, may surcease their
+ labor, every Satterday throughout the year, at three of the clock
+ in the afternoone, and that they spend the rest of the day in
+ catechising and preparation for the Saboth, as the minister shall
+ direct."
+
+ _Salem Observer_, Aug. 4, 1827.
+
+
+
+In the "Salem Register" of Oct. 11, 1820, we find the report of the trial
+of a man charged with the crime of Sabbath-breaking by delivering milk to
+his customers. The presiding judge (Mitchell) seems to have made a very
+sensible address to the jury on this occasion. Probably the surest way to
+bring about speedily the much-dreaded "European Sunday" would be for some
+person or persons to prosecute such individuals as they happen to know who
+violate certain obsolete Sunday laws.
+
+ _Law Intelligence._
+
+ COMMONWEALTH VS. GLOVER.
+
+ This was an appealed case. The justice before whom it was
+ originally tried, imposed a fine on Glover, who appealed to the
+ Common Pleas. It was tried at Dedham on the 21st ult.
+
+ The complaint was that said Glover had been guilty of the crime
+ of Sabbath breaking, by delivering milk to his customers in
+ Boston on the 25th June last. The evidence to support the
+ complaint was from two gentlemen, Messrs. M'Clure and Vose. They
+ testified, that on the 25th June last they walked out in company
+ at 5, A.M. to see if they could discover any persons delivering
+ milk from carts--that they had not been long in pursuit, before
+ they descried a man, who descended from his vehicle, with a milk
+ vessel, and poured milk from it, which he delivered to a family
+ in their presence.--They approached him--enquired his name, and
+ from whence he came. He answered, from Quincy, and his name was
+ Glover.--They asked if he was in the habit of bringing milk to
+ Boston on the Sabbath. He told them he had been when the weather
+ was very hot. This was the evidence.
+
+ The complaint being for doing labour on the Sabbath in the county
+ of Norfolk, which was not labour of _necessity_ or _mercy_.
+
+ Churchill, for Defendant, in cross examining the witnesses,
+ enquired why they rose at so early an hour, on the 25th June, and
+ went to walk? They answered that it was partly to exercise, and
+ partly to perform their duty as professors of religion. They said
+ they had made up their minds that the moiety of the fines they
+ expected to receive, they would give to some charitable
+ institution.
+
+ The defence rested on two points--_First_, That no crime or act
+ was proved to have been committed in Norfolk county--_Secondly_,
+ If it should be proved that the act complained of had been
+ committed, it was an act of _necessity_ and _mercy_.
+
+ Counsellor Churchill entered with much spirit into the cause, and
+ evinced that he had bestowed upon it much thought and labour. He
+ gave an elaborate history of the Sabbatical Institution, and
+ stated the various opinions and laws as to the division of holy
+ time. He said that many families in Boston, both poor and rich,
+ depended on milk to feed their children--that a large proportion
+ of the people had no conveniences for keeping it from Saturday
+ night till Monday morning; that those who had no other way of
+ disposing of their milk, but by delivering it to those who would
+ suffer without it, performed an act embracing both _necessity_
+ and _mercy_; that those who sat up all night for the purpose of
+ being up before day, to fatten on those who were performing the
+ before-named charitable act, were like the Jews of old, who, when
+ the Saviour of mankind raised the dead and restored the blind to
+ sight, cried out, Crucify him! the Jews were but the M'Clures of
+ the present day.
+
+ The Judge (MITCHELL) charged the jury, that, if they had doubts
+ whether any offence were proved to have been committed, within
+ the county, they must acquit; or, if otherwise, and they were of
+ opinion that it was necessary to deal out milk on the Sabbath in
+ extreme hot weather, they must acquit. He stated that his
+ neighbours bought milk of him, and took it on Sunday as on other
+ days, and thought it no crime. He did not cast up the score,
+ receive the money and rub out the chalks on that day; but
+ apprehended that his conduct was virtually the same as that
+ charged upon the defendant. The defendant pursued his regular
+ course, and in doing so, he saved his property from waste, and
+ relieved many from disappointment and distress. The clergy ride
+ from town to town on the Sabbath, and the physicians ride without
+ molestation. The Sabbath is a day of rest--but in the exercise
+ of its duties, reason is to be regarded. Such worldly concerns as
+ can well be done on other days, ought not to be done on the
+ Sabbath--but if an ox fall into a pit, he must be taken out; that
+ if a clergyman has agreed to exchange with a brother, he may as
+ well ride a few miles on the Sabbath as to make a parade of going
+ on Saturday night.
+
+ The jury returned a verdict of--NOT GUILTY.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+OBSERVANCE OF THE SABBATH. There has been lately, in some of the Boston
+papers, a discussion of the question, whether the sailing of a steam boat
+on the Sabbath is not a profanation.
+
+We allude to this subject, at the present time, not for the purpose of
+taking a side in the controversy, but merely to show in what manner this
+day was formerly noticed in England, and our own country.
+
+In England, during the reign of James the first, it was lawful for his
+subjects to indulge in certain sports, such as dancing, archery, leaping,
+vaulting, may-games, whitsun ales, and morris dances, on _Sunday_ after
+evening service. But it was not lawful to have bear-baiting, bull-baiting,
+interludes, and bowling.
+
+In reign of Charles 1st a statute was passed, prohibiting a meeting out of
+the parish, on the Lord's day, to enjoy these sports. A statute was
+afterwards passed, prohibiting carriers and drovers from travelling, and
+butchers from slaughtering or selling on this day. Afterwards all
+tradesmen, artificers, workmen, laborers, or other persons, were prohibited
+from exercising their callings on this day, excepting works of necessity
+and charity, and dressing and selling meat in families, inns, cook-shops,
+&c. selling milk before nine in the morning, and after four in the
+afternoon, _selling mackerell_ before or after divine service, and
+excepting also forty watermen, who may ply between Vauxhall and Limehouse.
+
+By a statute of George 2d fish carriages were allowed to pass on Sundays,
+whether laden or empty. During the reign of this King, the Court decided in
+favor of a Baker, charged "with baking puddings and pies on the Lord's day
+for dinner." The court considered the case as falling within the exceptions
+of works of necessity and charity. "That it was better that one baker and
+his men should stay at home, than many families and servants." Under George
+3d Bakers were prohibited from making, baking or selling, excepting between
+nine in the morning and one in the afternoon, and the person requiring the
+baking carried or sent it to the place where it was to be baked. A law was
+afterwards passed, permitting bakers to work, so far as may be necessary in
+setting or superintending the sponge, to prepare the dough for the next
+day's baking.
+
+The provisions of the Colony and Province laws, on this subject, were
+embodied in our State law of 1792, which prohibits every person from
+keeping open his shop, ware-house, or work-house, on the Lord's day, &
+from doing any labor or work, excepting that of necessity and charity, and
+from attending concerts of music, dancing, &c. It likewise prohibits
+travelling by drovers, teamsters, &c. visiting taverns, &c. during the time
+included between the midnight preceding and the sun-setting of the Lord's
+day. It likewise prohibits games, diversions, recreations on the land or
+water, on the evening next preceding or succeeding the Lord's day. Under
+the Colonial government, it was for some time made a question when the
+Sabbath should be considered as commencing; but in 1645 it became a custom
+to regard the evening of the last day of the week as the beginning of the
+Sabbath. Several clergymen however considered Saturday afternoon as the
+commencement of holy time.
+
+The following extracts from our town records will show in what manner the
+Sabbath was observed by our pious ancestors.
+
+ "1644.
+
+ "Ordered, that twoe be appointed every Lord's day, to walk forth
+ in the time of God's worshippe, to tak notice of such as either
+ lye about the meeting-house, without attending to the word or
+ ordinances, or that lye at home, or in the fields, without giving
+ good account thereof, and to tak the names of such persons, and
+ to present them to the magistrate, whereby they may be
+ accordingly proceeded against."
+
+ "1677.
+
+ "Whereas, there hath been several complaints of several persons
+ that doe profane the Sabbath, by unseasonable walking abroad even
+ at the time of publique service, &c.--the Selectmen have agreed
+ each of them to take their turns, with the constables to walk
+ abroad on the Lord's day, both forenoon and afternoone, morning
+ and evening, to redress such miscarriages as they shall at any
+ time meet withal."
+
+But the following license granted by the selectmen in 1672, shows a much
+greater liberality than is exhibited in these days.
+
+ "1672.
+
+ "Nathaniel Ingerson is allowed to sell beer and syder by the
+ quart, for the tyme whyle the farmers are a building of their
+ meeting-house, and _on Lord's days_ afterwards."
+
+ _Salem Observer_, July 14, 1827.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+The interest, which is now felt in the subject of the Sabbath, renders the
+following article, respecting the curiosity of Le Sage, worthy the
+attention of the reader. It was extracted from a review of Le Sage,
+published in Scotland about twelve years ago.
+
+ "At the time we are now speaking of the Sabbath was observed at
+ Geneva, with a gloom and austerity of which we, in Scotland can
+ probably form a more correct notion than the inhabitants of any
+ other country in Christendom. Le Sage felt some curiosity to know
+ whether the author of Nature still continued to impose on himself
+ the same law that originally marked the institution of the day of
+ rest. It would have puzzled the first philosopher in Europe to
+ think of any method by which this question could be brought to
+ the decision of experiment: but the ingenuity of our young
+ enquirer soon suggested an experiment.--He measured, with great
+ care, the increase of a plant day after day, in order to
+ discover whether it would cease growing on the Sabbath. The
+ result could not fail to solve the difficulty, and to convince
+ the young man, that though the work of Creation might terminate,
+ the work of Providence is never interrupted."
+
+ _Salem Observer_, 1829.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+ Sunday in Salem in 1838.
+
+ SALEM AND THE SABBATH.
+
+ On our way to church in the quiet city of Salem recently, a
+ stranger overtook us, and inquired where the Rev. Mr. W---- was
+ to preach that morning? We answered that we were going to his
+ church, and would show him a seat. For which he expressed his
+ thanks and immediately remarked, that he had travelled recently
+ nearly over all our country, and nowhere had he witnessed such
+ entire abandonment of all secular avocations on the Sabbath. It
+ seemed like a different country, and made him feel the
+ significance of the name of that ancient town--Salem, City of
+ Peace.--_Christian (Boston) Monitor_.
+
+
+Fifty years ago hardly any one thought of absenting himself or herself from
+public worship. People went to church as a matter of course, partly from a
+sense of duty, and partly from habit; and this is still the case to some
+extent. The majority of thoughtful persons of all religious persuasions are
+agreed upon one point, and that is, it is desirable to have Sunday set
+apart as a day of rest and change from the ordinary cares and business of
+life. From a sanitary point of view this rest is no doubt of the highest
+importance. All people, moreover, who desire to have quiet for religious
+worship should at least not be disturbed. Public opinion ought to be
+protection enough; but unfortunately it might not be, so that laws to such
+an extent as is necessary for this purpose should be in force. But the idea
+entertained by certain fanatics, that no one should walk or ride for health
+and recreation, or even engage in any innocent occupation, on Sunday, is so
+absurd as not to deserve a moment's consideration.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+In 1829 a futile attempt was made to put a stop to the delivery of Sunday
+mails, one result of which was the holding of a number of public meetings
+in Salem, the reports of which we take from the papers.
+
+Meetings were also held in Boston and New York.
+
+ PUBLIC MEETING.
+
+ At a very numerous and respectable meeting of the citizens of
+ Salem, "_opposed to Legislative interference in respect to the
+ religious observances of Sunday_," held at the Town Hall, Dec.
+ 27, 1828, PERLEY PUTNAM, Esq., was called to the chair, and Dr.
+ BENJAMIN KITTREDGE, appointed Secretary.--The object of the
+ meeting having been stated by the Chairman, it was
+
+ _Voted_, That Messrs. George Cleveland, Leverett Saltonstall,
+ Stephen C. Phillips, John W. Treadwell, Perley Putnam, Nath'l
+ West, jun., Franklin H. Story, John Crowninshield, Jos. G.
+ Waters, Charles A. Andrew, David Pingree, and David A. Neal, be a
+ committee[2] to consider and report at an adjournment of the
+ meeting, what measures it is expedient to take for the purpose of
+ carrying into effect the objects of the meeting.
+
+ The meeting was then adjourned for one week.
+
+[2] The committee appointed consisted of Episcopalians, Unitarians, and
+Universalists.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+ At the adjourned meeting on Saturday evening Jan. 3, 1829, the
+ Committee reported the following Resolutions, which were
+ unanimously adopted:--
+
+ _Resolved_, That the observance of Sunday as a day of religious
+ worship and instruction is eminently adapted to extend the
+ knowledge and influence of truth and virtue, and thus to improve
+ the character and increase the happiness of individuals and of
+ the community.
+
+ _Resolved_, That under no circumstances has religion excited such
+ general interest, as when, not rendered odious by legal
+ restraints, it has addressed its claims for support to the
+ understandings and consciences of men.
+
+ _Resolved_, That a "_system of regulations_" for the purpose of
+ enforcing religious observances is opposed to the principles of
+ religious liberty and to our form of civil government; and it is
+ to be feared that any attempts to introduce such regulations will
+ re-act in consequences detrimental to the interests which it may
+ have been intended to promote.
+
+ _Resolved_, That neither the precepts of Christianity nor the
+ design of religious observances are incompatible with the prompt
+ and faithful discharge of the various duties which belong to our
+ social and civil relations; and the urgency of such duties may
+ frequently render it of importance to every individual to receive
+ or transmit intelligence with the least possible delay.
+
+ _Resolved_, That for the necessary accommodation of the
+ Government and citizens of this widely extended country, an
+ arrangement of the mails, by which letters and packages are
+ forwarded and delivered with the utmost despatch and safety, has
+ been for a great length of time maintained under the vigilant
+ superintendence of the Postmaster General; and such arrangement,
+ while it is productive of innumerable advantages to the
+ Government and to the citizens, is not allowed to interfere with
+ the public religious services on Sunday.[B]
+
+ _Resolved_, That any change in the present arrangement of the
+ mails which shall have the effect to subject to increased delay
+ and hazard the communication between distant parts of the country
+ is impolitic; and if authorized by Congress for the sole purpose
+ of enforcing religious observances, will be an exercise of power
+ for the accomplishment of an object not recognized by the
+ Constitution, and contrary to its spirit and the intentions of
+ its framers.
+
+ _Resolved_, That if Congress should prohibit the forwarding of
+ mails and the delivery of letters on Sunday, individuals and the
+ Government will be obliged to resort to such temporary
+ arrangements for transmitting intelligence as their respective
+ exigencies may require; and such temporary arrangements, while
+ they will be attended with increased expense, will be productive
+ of far greater inconvenience and disturbance to the religious
+ public, than can justly be complained of under the present
+ system.
+
+ _Resolved_, That a committee be appointed, who shall be
+ instructed to prepare a memorial to Congress expressive of the
+ views of this meeting, whenever in their opinion, circumstances
+ shall render it expedient to present such memorial; and such
+ memorial shall be submitted by them for approbation, at a meeting
+ to be called for that purpose.
+
+ _Resolved_, That the committee appointed in conformity to the
+ foregoing resolution, shall be authorized to call future
+ meetings, to correspond with citizens of other towns, and
+ generally to take such measures as they may deem expedient for
+ the purpose of carrying into effect the objects of this meeting.
+
+ The following gentlemen were appointed a committee to perform the
+ duties specified in the two last resolutions, viz. George
+ Cleveland, Dudley L. Pickman, Willard Peele, Perley Putnam,
+ Philip Chase, Stephen White, Gideon Tucker, Nath'l Frothingham,
+ Stephen C. Phillips. The Committee was authorized to fill any
+ vacancies that may occur in their number.
+
+ _Voted_, That an attested copy of the proceedings be published in
+ the several newspapers in this town, and in one or more of the
+ newspapers in the city of Washington, and that an attested copy
+ be also forwarded to the Post Master General.
+
+ The meeting was then dissolved.
+
+ PERLEY PUTNAM, _Chairman_.
+ BENJ. KITTREDGE, _Secretary_.
+
+ [B] _Extract from Regulations respecting Post Offices_.--"At Post
+ Offices where the mail arrives on Sunday, the office is to be kept
+ open for the delivery of letters, &c. for one hour or more after
+ the arrival and assorting of the mail; but in case that would
+ interfere with the hours of public worship, then the office is to
+ be kept open for one hour after the usual time of dissolving the
+ meeting for that purpose."
+
+ A very large meeting of citizens of New York, opposed to the
+ proposition to discontinue the mails on Sunday, was held at New
+ York this week. A similar meeting has also been held at Boston.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+ SABBATH MAILS.
+
+ SALEM, (Mass.) Feb. 9, 1829.
+
+ _To the Hon. Richard M. Johnson, Chairman of the Committee on the
+ Post Office and Post Roads, Washington._
+
+ SIR:--The subscribers, a committee appointed at a meeting of the
+ inhabitants of this town, on the 3d January last, to take such
+ measures as they may deem expedient to oppose any attempts to
+ interfere for religious purposes with the transportation of the
+ Mails and opening the Post Offices on Sunday, have read with
+ pleasure the report of the Committee of the Senate on that
+ subject.
+
+ Previous to receiving that report, they were about petitioning
+ Congress--and the public sentiment in this place is so universal
+ against an interference for religious reasons, that a very
+ respectable and numerous subscription could readily have been
+ obtained.--But the report from the Senate represented the subject
+ in so powerful a light--demonstrated so clearly the want of power
+ in the government to legislate for the reasons given by the
+ petitioners, and showed so conclusively, that if they had the
+ power, they certainly had not the ability to determine for all
+ the people of the United States, what God's law was--that we
+ have concluded it would not be necessary at the present session
+ of Congress to take any further steps in the business. We have
+ thought, however, that tho' constituting but a small part of the
+ United States, yet it might not be uninteresting to the
+ committee, to know how much in accordance with our views are the
+ sentiments expressed in their report and to assure them for
+ ourselves, and those whom we represent, that we shall at all
+ times consider them engaged in the highest and most momentous
+ acts of legislation, whenever their efforts shall tend to prevent
+ an interference of the religious with the civil power--all union
+ between church and state--all attempts of religious zealots to
+ enforce by law, what _they_ may term divine truth.
+
+ You will please to convey to the gentlemen of the committee, our
+ sense of their proceedings, and for yourself, sir, accept the
+ assurance of our respectful consideration.
+
+ GEORGE CLEVELAND,
+ GIDEON TUCKER,
+ DUDLEY L. PICKMAN,
+ WILLARD PEELE,
+ PERLEY PUTNAM,
+ NATHANIEL FROTHINGHAM.
+
+
+
+ * * * * *
+
+The following item is from the "Observer" of Jan. 21, 1829:--
+
+ THE REPORT OF THE SENATE ON THE SUNDAY MAILS. The Portsmouth
+ Advertiser has attacked this Report, "tooth and nail," imputing
+ to it an influence as disastrous as that which attends the
+ writings of Tom Paine or Citizen Brisset. The writer states, that
+ the Senate by adopting it, "has virtually declared, that the laws
+ of Almighty God are no rule for human legislation." We will give
+ one more extract from these remarks, to enable our readers to
+ form a judgment of the writer's character. He must certainly
+ belong to that unfortunate class of the community, for whom
+ "strait-jackets and a spare diet," are usually prescribed.
+
+ "By this report, Col. Johnson has put weapons into the hands of
+ infidelity to annoy and harass that very portion of the
+ republican community, which furnishes the only hope, and pledge,
+ that our free institutions will continue permanent."
+
+
+ * * * * *
+
+The following account of a Parisian Sabbath we find in the "Salem Observer"
+of 1830:
+
+ PARISIAN SABBATH. There is little in the appearance of Paris on a
+ Sabbath morning to remind us that it is a day of rest; the
+ markets are thronged as on other days, carts and drays and all
+ sorts of vehicles, designed for the transportation of merchandise
+ are in motion; buying and selling and manual labor proceed as
+ usual; there is rest for neither man nor beast. In the afternoon
+ the shops are usually closed; and labor is suspended, and the
+ remainder of the day is devoted to pleasure. Few of those who go
+ to church appear to have any other motive than amusement. They
+ walk about the aisles, gazing at the pictures, and listening to
+ the solemn music of the mass and go away when they are tired.
+ Those whom I have seen really engaged in worship appeared to
+ belong to the lower classes; and with the exception of those few,
+ the persons you see in church are merely idle spectators,
+ attracted thither by curiosity, or to pass an idle half hour
+ before they go to promenade in the gardens.
+ --_Wheaton's Travels_.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+In the "Salem Observer" of Dec. 10, 1829, is the following notice on the
+Sunday-mail question:--
+
+ SUNDAY MAILS. The following resolution on the subject of stopping
+ the mails on Sundays, was passed at a recent session of the Salem
+ Baptist Association in Kentucky:--
+
+ "_Resolved_, That we as an Association cordially approve the
+ Report and resolution, as presented to the Senate of the United
+ States, by Col. R.M. Johnson, Chairman of the Committee upon the
+ subject of the petition to stop the mail on the Sabbath: and
+ sincerely advise all friends of civil and religious liberty, to
+ refuse to subscribe any petition that has the least tendency to
+ influence the legislative powers to act upon _religious matters_;
+ for we consider an association of _civil_ and _ecclesiastical_
+ power or an union of _Church_ and _State_, as one of the greatest
+ calamities which could befal our country, and that it should be
+ resisted in every possible shape in which it may be presented."
+
+ * * * * *
+
+A great change has taken place in some of our towns within a few years in
+reference to the Sunday mail. Twenty-five years ago it was rare to see a
+person belonging to one of the Evangelical sects at the post-office at the
+time of the opening of the mail on Sunday noon; whereas now it is not
+uncommon to see deacons and numerous other members of such churches hurry
+from their several places of worship to get their letters and papers with
+as much eagerness as "heretics." Sunday papers moreover are now bought by
+the same class. The same change too is observable in the use of horse-cars
+on Sunday. Few men are governed by the conscientious scruples once held
+about riding to and from church, especially if the day happens to be hot or
+stormy. This may or may not be an improvement; it depends upon the point
+of view from which we look at it.
+
+One of the most radical men we ever knew, one who thought "Sunday should be
+abolished" and a "new Bible made by men of modern ideas, and reasonable
+views introduced, and the old one discarded," said he was brought to these
+views by having been forced when young to attend church and engage in
+religious exercises, and told that he must conform to the established
+belief and never ask any questions. It will be said that this man was an
+exception to the general rule. Perhaps so, for one taking such an extreme
+view; but we must all know cases somewhat similar. A careful inquiry will
+show that if we look around among the clergy even, we shall find that the
+most radical preachers of the day were brought up in the Orthodox ranks.
+Who would wish to re-establish the gloomy Puritan Sabbath, with its barren
+meeting-house, without fires or music, and its tedious, uninteresting
+sermon, running on to "fifteenthly," gauged by an hour-glass turned over
+perhaps once or twice during the discourse?
+
+Speaking of the change of habits in New England, even, it is noticeable
+how much more prevalent colds and other slight indispositions are now to
+what they used to be on Sunday. The very thought of going to church makes
+some people cough or have a headache. Theatres or concerts never seem to
+affect these people in the same way. Even the weather, which keeps people
+in-doors on Sunday, never keeps them in on other days.
+
+Our own view of the subject is that while we should be glad to see more
+interest taken in public worship than there is at present, we think people
+should have the right of spending their Sundays in their own way,--always,
+of course, provided they do not interfere with the rights and feelings of
+others. It seems to us that the only way to have Sunday properly observed
+is for those who are influential to make some little personal sacrifices,
+if need be, to attend the Sunday services, and do all they can to promote
+the most cheerful views of religion and make the services interesting.
+
+Let those people who lament the decay of religious observances read the
+following quotation from the "Salem Gazette" of 1830. Those who can
+recollect how it was at that date must see that notwithstanding a perhaps
+much smaller attendance now upon public worship, there is every reason to
+believe that, at least as far as the native population is concerned, Sunday
+is really more quiet than it was then. After reading this article we shall
+perhaps be prepared to say that "tythingmen" may have been needed just
+after the Revolution.
+
+ THE TIMES WE LIVE IN. The dreadful tragedy performed in this town
+ last April, and the subsequent arrests, developments,
+ confessions, trials, &c., by keeping the thoughts and
+ conversation of the community continually directed to that
+ enormity, have led to the general but very erroneous notion, that
+ there must have been a great deterioration of the public
+ morals.--If the words of the aged are to be received as true, the
+ very reverse is the fact. The revolutionary war left the whole
+ country as well depraved in morals as exhausted in resources.
+ This was particularly the case with such towns as Salem, which
+ had been largely exposed to the irresistibly corrupting influence
+ of privateering.
+
+ At that time, when the population of Salem was not half so great
+ as it is at present, more riot, debauchery, and vice, obtruded
+ themselves upon the sight in a week, than could now be discovered
+ by diligent search in a month. The corruption of manners was so
+ general, that almost none escaped from its contaminating
+ influence. Mechanics and other laboring men would leave their
+ business in the day, and their families in the evening, to spend
+ their time, dancing and drinking, in the dens of pollution which
+ then abounded in "Naugus-Hole" and "Button-Hole." Merchants,
+ professional men, &c. passed a great part of their time in
+ taverns, drinking and gambling. Quarrelling and fighting there
+ were not uncommon, and well-worn packs of cards were always lying
+ about the bar-room tables, (though seldom long unemployed,) ready
+ for the use of visitors,--the common game on these occasions
+ being All-Fours, and the common stake a bowl of punch or a mug of
+ flip. Pastimes like the above named, were current in every class
+ of society. When the regular hours of drinking approached, the
+ workmen left their labour to play at cards, the loser "treating
+ the shop's crew." In a large establishment a boy would be kept
+ running with his jug nearly the whole time, the contents being
+ freely shared amongst master, journeymen, boys, and numerous
+ visitors.
+
+ At this time, and long afterward, infamous houses were kept open
+ day and night, in the quarters of the town named in the preceding
+ paragraph. The fiddles were kept in constant motion, and if any
+ thought of stopping them they did not dare to attempt it. The
+ most flagrant disorders and outrages were continually occurring,
+ so that a timid man would go far out of his way to avoid passing
+ near those places. The churches on Sunday were not nearly so well
+ attended as they now are. The proportion of persons who made the
+ Sabbath a day of recreation, was much greater. The time was spent
+ in riding into the country, walking about the fields and
+ pastures, and visiting friends in town. But little order was
+ preserved in the streets on that day. People in passing to
+ meeting thro' Prison Lane, (as County-street was then called) and
+ its environs, encountered frequent and large groups of men and
+ boys, noisily engaged in gambling with props, pitching coppers,
+ &c. occasionally enlivened by the uproar of a quarrel.
+
+ The doctrines of Tom Paine and his French coadjutors, were much
+ more in vogue then than now. Infidelity stalked over the land
+ with a giant stride, to which the mincing pace of the fooleries
+ of Fanny Wright can bear no comparison; and virtue and good order
+ were almost put out of countenance. Intemperance, habitual or
+ occasional, was so common, as to be hardly considered a matter of
+ reproach; and the kindred vices abounded, which usually follow in
+ its train.
+
+ The state of society has been continually improving since. The
+ bad habits of that time have been discarded one after another, by
+ all who would maintain a reputable standing; and open immorality
+ now places a man at once in the lowest rank of society.
+ Intemperance has been diminished in a surprising degree.
+ Debauchery has been compelled to retreat to lurking holes and
+ corners, instead of obtruding its "horrid front" to the public
+ gaze. Education has been improved, and universally diffused; and
+ public worship is more generally attended.--Terrible crimes have
+ indeed been committed amongst us, and may be again, but the
+ habits and manners which lead to crime, are less prevalent at the
+ present time than they have been for fifty years before.
+
+It seems to us to be clearly a mistake for those of ultra-liberal notions
+to suppose that all who cannot assent to their views of Sunday must of
+necessity be either Pharisees or hypocrites,--quite as great a mistake as
+that of the ultra-conservatives, who condemn as wicked all who do not
+believe in a puritanical observance of Sunday.
+
+Whatever we may think or say or do, people nowadays will not be forced to
+attend church. Among all denominations the services are more attractive
+than they once were, and every year there is less and less of the repulsive
+kinds of doctrine preached. But in spite of this, while many men regard
+attendance on divine service as both a pleasure and a privilege, there are
+others, and they not few, whom no influence or persuasion can induce to
+attend Sunday worship. Such persons must be left to spend the day as they
+please.
+
+A very large proportion of those who do not attend church services are
+people of culture and character, from whom church-goers have nothing to
+fear as regards a disturbance of their worship. Generally this class are
+interested in having Sunday kept as a day of quiet and rest, and their
+non-attendance at church is no evidence that they have any desire to
+secularize Sunday.
+
+An eminent writer has said: "We live in a transition period, when the old
+faiths which comforted nations, and not only so, but made nations, seem to
+have spent their force.... There is faith in chemistry, in meat and wine,
+in wealth, in machinery, in the steam-engine, galvanic battery,
+turbine-wheels, sewing-machines, and in public opinion; but not in divine
+causes.... A silent revolution has loosed the tension of the old religious
+sects, and in place of the gravity and permanence of those societies of
+opinion, they run into freak and extravagance.... In creeds never was such
+levity: witness the heathenisms in Christianity,--the periodic revivals,
+the millennium mathematics, the peacock ritualism, the retrogression to
+popery, the maundering of Mormons, the squalor of mesmerism, the
+deliration of rappings, the rat-and-mouse revelation, thumps in
+table-drawers, and black art ... By the irresistible maturing of the
+general mind the Christian traditions have lost their hold."
+
+If these statements are true, we have a sufficient answer to the question
+so often asked: "Why do not people go to church as they once did?" They do
+not go because they have lost their faith in churches and worship,--at
+least such have as are appealed to from those holding liberal and
+reasonable views. There are no doubt men who consider the too often
+expensive ways in which churches are supported as altogether beyond their
+means. The demands of civilization upon individuals in these restless
+times, when there are so many organizations, secret, secular, and
+religious, are indeed too great for small incomes, especially as the cost
+of food is continually increasing, and as society in other ways makes so
+many secular demands upon them. Public worship is after all, in the view of
+many persons, not a necessity, but only a luxury which can easily be
+dispensed with. It might perhaps have been better for the whole community
+if churches had undertaken to do the work which is now in the hands of
+many charitable and secret societies; then those who take so much interest
+in these outside, often expensive, organizations would have had all their
+interest in the churches. But the latter were for years so divided on
+doctrines of belief that their whole attention has for the most part been
+directed to other matters than their legitimate work, which has thus been
+thrown into the hands of outside agencies. In these times it seems
+difficult to maintain religious societies except where the element of fear
+is dominant in the creed, where some remarkable preacher takes the
+attention, or where the ritual or fashion attracts. Do not the papers often
+speak of "fashionable" churches?
+
+One thing which prevents many people from attending public worship on
+Sunday is the increasing tendency towards ritualism,--or perhaps, we should
+say, making the services less instructive than formerly, and more
+devotional or emotional. This is seen not only in the Episcopal Church, but
+also among many other denominations. Even Congregational
+Orthodox--descendants of the Pilgrim Fathers--introduce prayer-books and
+responsive services, and make their church buildings more ecclesiastical in
+appearance, to look as much as possible like Episcopal churches. All these
+things to many minds are not edifying, to say the least, and consequently
+such persons absent themselves from service. Those too who are impressed by
+emotional religion join the Episcopalians, so that for the time there is an
+apparent increase in the attendance at the Episcopal churches, gained from
+churches of other denominations; and especially too as fashion decrees
+nowadays that "it is the proper thing to do" to go to the Episcopal Church,
+whether you believe in its doctrines or not. So that at length there are a
+great many people who think when church-going gets to be a matter of
+fashion, there is quite as much real religion to be found outside as inside
+the church; consequently they lose their interest. All these causes must be
+taken together; of course no one thing alone accounts for the change in
+regard to church attendance.
+
+We quote the following remarks from a recent English paper ("The Unitarian
+Herald"); they have a direct bearing on our subject, and are worthy of
+consideration by those who neglect public worship or favor a more secular
+Sunday. Among other things, the speaker (the Rev. John Page Hopps) says:
+
+ "So far as we can see, the old orthodox believers were right when
+ they called public worship 'a means of grace;' and if human
+ experience is of any value, it is an undoubted fact that a great
+ multitude which no man could number _have_ felt the grace-giving
+ influence of it. It is as true as ever that man cannot 'live by
+ bread alone,' but that he needs also the 'word that proceedeth
+ from the mouth of God;' and if it is true, as we believe, that
+ the word of God does come home with special force and pathos when
+ worship is joined in by kindred souls, the argument for public
+ worship, from this point of view, seems complete. And yet, half
+ in jest and half in earnest, and sometimes altogether in earnest,
+ we hear it said that a man can worship God in the fields quite as
+ well as in the church. 'Perhaps he can,' said a wise man once,
+ 'but _does_ he?' I wonder whether we shall go on in this
+ direction until we hear it said that a man can worship God
+ playing at lawn-tennis as in attending public worship? Thus there
+ may actually come into existence a cant of the absentee which
+ shall be as really cant as the cant of the devotee; for the use
+ of the word 'worship' in such instances is a glaring case of
+ exaggeration tinged with self-deception, which is the very
+ essence of cant. Besides, one of the surest notes of the
+ worshipping spirit is an increase of sympathy and love,--sympathy
+ that suggests fellowship, and love that suggests anything but
+ selfish isolation.
+
+ "The irregularity also of attendance upon public worship might be
+ cited as an instance of neglect or levity which 'personal
+ consecration' alone can cure. In days gone by, attendance upon
+ public worship was a habit, and nothing that could be avoided was
+ allowed to interfere with it. Twice on the Sunday, too, was the
+ rule, and not, as now, the decided exception. But with many it is
+ now becoming once every other Sunday, or scarcely that; with so
+ little of 'personal consecration' in the matter that the need for
+ an umbrella may decide the doubter not to go.
+
+ "Do we not, again, listen too much merely for delight? and does
+ not the question, 'How did you like the sermon,' or 'How did you
+ like the service,' indicate that we join in the service and
+ listen to a sermon in an entirely wrong spirit? The critical or
+ self-regarding spirit has its uses, but it may be fatal to
+ 'personal consecration' in public worship. How often does an
+ entire service depend upon our own temper, our own mood, our own
+ spirit? And how often is it true that a congregation has as much
+ to do with the making of a minister as the minister has to do
+ with the making of a congregation?
+
+ "'If I neglect public worship, then,' a man should say to
+ himself, 'the community is injured, the brotherhood is weakened,
+ the young are confused. It is a grave responsibility.'
+
+ "But now we must not shrink from the question: How far or how
+ long ought these considerations to hold the man who has lost
+ delight in public worship or faith in that to which it bears
+ witness? When should doubt make worship impossible, or unbelief
+ make worship wrong for the honest soul? When should 'personal
+ consecration' say to a man, not _stay_, but _depart_? It is a
+ grave question, and every one must shape his answer for himself.
+ All I would say is: Give worship the benefit of the doubt: ay!
+ give fellow-worshippers the benefit of the doubt. Continue with
+ them as long as you can; if not as a full believer, then as a
+ devout inquirer, a gentle seeker, a sympathetic friend. Why not?
+ That is possible with us; for the very bond of our union is
+ sympathetic regard for one another's freedom. It is also
+ specially possible with us because our teachings do not, at all
+ events, outrage the reason and shock the moral sense. Even an
+ agnostic might listen to us and hope that our Gospel is true.
+
+ "Special dangers call for special safeguards, special
+ consideration, special wariness. It is an age of splendid advance
+ in science, of restless energy in business, of stupendous
+ activity in politics, of daring questioning everywhere. All that
+ makes against public worship; and yet all that makes public
+ worship a greater necessity and demonstrates 'the pressing need
+ of personal consecration' to it. God only knows what we should
+ do without it and the blessed Sunday!
+
+ "'Dear old commemorative day,
+ For weary man designed
+ To help him on life's troubled way,
+ To give his spirit freer play,
+ To soothe his harassed mind!
+
+ "'A day of worship and of grace,
+ One calm, sweet day in seven,
+ To grant a little breathing space
+ To strengthen man life's work to face,
+ And lift his life to heaven.'"
+
+In conclusion, let us add to the above speech the following remarks, which
+we heartily approve,--
+
+ "Mr. Preston (London) testified to the falling off of attendance
+ at public worship, and he attributed this largely to the parents
+ not taking their children with them in early years, as of old
+ times. He deprecated the going to public worship to have the
+ brains tickled in hearing a particular man, and maintained that
+ this was in no sense 'public worship.' He emphasized strongly the
+ fact that those who say they can worship in the fields do not, in
+ fact, worship at all. He urged that in worship the musical and
+ devotional services should become more prominent, and the sermon
+ become frequently but subsidiary."
+
+
+
+
+ Benjamin H. Ticknor. Thomas B. Ticknor. George F. Godfrey.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+A LIST OF BOOKS
+
+PUBLISHED BY
+
+TICKNOR AND COMPANY
+
+BOSTON.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+_AMERICAN-ACTOR SERIES_ (THE). Edited by LAURENCE HUTTON. A series of 12mo.
+volumes by the best writers, embracing the lives of the most famous and
+popular American Actors. Illustrated. Six volumes in three. Sold only in
+sets. Per set, $5.00.
+
+Vol. I. Edwin Forrest. By Lawrence Barrett. The Jeffersons. By William
+Winter.
+
+Vol. II. The Elder and the Younger Booth. By Mrs. Asia Booth Clarke.
+Charlotte Cushman. By Clara Erskine Clement.
+
+Vol. III. Mrs. Duff. By Joseph N. Ireland. Fechter. By Kate Field.
+
+Also a limited edition on large paper, especially adapted to the use of
+collectors and bibliophiles, for extending, extra illustrating, etc. 6
+vols. Per vol., $5.00.
+
+_AMERICAN ARCHITECT_. See last page.
+
+_ARCHITECTURE_. See MONOGRAPH.
+
+_ARNOLD'S_ (EDWIN) The Light of Asia. Beautiful illustrated edition. 8vo.
+$6.00. In antique morocco, or tree-calf, $10.00.
+
+_ARNOLD'S_ (GEORGE) Poems. Edited, with a Biographical Sketch of the Poet,
+by WILLIAM WINTER. With Portrait. 16mo. $1.50. Half-calf, $3.00. Morocco
+antique or tree-calf, $4.00.
+
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+Off-Islander, in Season and out of Season, among a Passing People. 16mo.
+$1.50.
+
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+$3.00.
+
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+$5.00; half-calf or half-morocco, $6.50.
+
+_BARTLETT'S_ (TRUMAN H.) The Art-Life of William Rimmer. With Illustrations
+after his Paintings, Drawings, and Sculptures. 4to. Full gilt. $10.00.
+
+_BELLAMY'S_ (EDWARD) Miss Ludington's Sister. $1.25.
+
+_BENT'S_ (SAMUEL ARTHUR) Short Sayings of Great Men. 8vo. Third edition.
+$3.00. Half-calf, $5.50.
+
+_BOIT'S_ (ROBERT APTHORP) Eustis. 12mo. $1.50.
+
+_BOSTON_, Memorial History of. See page 22.
+
+_BOWDOIN COLLEGE._ See CLEAVELAND.
+
+_BROOKS'S_ (HENRY M.) Olden-Time Series. Each vol. 16mo. 50 cents.
+
+ I. Curiosities of the Old Lottery.
+ II. Days of The Spinning-Wheel in New England.
+ III. New-England Sunday.
+
+Other volumes in preparation.
+
+_BROWN'S_ (FRANCES CLIFFORD) A Stroll with Keats. 1 vol. Square 16mo.
+Richly illustrated. $1.50.
+
+_BROWN'S_ (HELEN DAWES) Two College Girls. 12mo. $1.50.
+
+_BROWN'S_ (SUSAN ANNA) The Invalid's Tea-Tray. Illuminated boards. 50
+cents.
+
+---- How the Ends Met. 12mo. 50 cents.
+
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+rings. 75 cents.
+
+_BUDDHIST RECORDS OF THE WESTERN WORLD._ Translated from the original
+Chinese, with Introduction, Index, etc. By SAMUEL BEAL, Trinity College,
+Cambridge. 2 vols. 12mo. $7.00.
+
+_BUDGE'S_ (ERNEST A.) The History of Esarhaddon (Son of Sennacherib), King
+of Assyria, B.C. 681-668. From Cuneiform Inscriptions. 8vo. Gilt top.
+$4.00.
+
+_BUNNER'S_ (H.C.) A Woman of Honor. 16mo. $1.25.
+
+_BUSH'S_ (JAMES S.) The Evidence of Faith. 12mo. $2.00.
+
+_BYRON'S_ (LORD) Childe Harold. A sumptuous new illustrated edition. In
+box. $6.00. In antique morocco, or tree-calf, $10.00. in crushed Levant,
+with silk linings, $25.00.
+
+_The great holiday book of 1885-1886._
+
+_CABLE'S_ (GEORGE W.) Doctor Sevier. 12mo. $1.50.
+
+_CARLYLE_ (THOMAS) and _RALPH WALDO EMERSON_, The Correspondence of.
+Edited by CHARLES ELIOT NORTON. 2 vols. 12mo. Gilt tops, and rough edges.
+With new Portraits. $4.00. Half-calf, $8.00. Half-morocco, gilt top, uncut
+edges, $8.00.
+
+_New revised edition with 100 pages of newly-found letters._
+
+---- Supplementary Volume, including the newly-found letters, 16mo. $1.00.
+
+_CAROLINO'S_ (PEDRO) New Guide of the Conversation in Portuguese and
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+$1.00. Paper, 50 cents.
+
+_CARRYL'S_ (CHARLES E.) Davy and the Goblin. 1 vol. 8vo. Fully illustrated.
+$1.50.
+
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+Descriptive and Pictorial Atlas. Large folio. 500 Plates. _Sold by
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+
+_CHAMBERLAIN'S_ (BASIL HALL) The Classical Poetry of the Japanese. 8vo.
+$3.00.
+
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+Heliotype Engravings from Original Drawings of Scenery in Nova Scotia. With
+Map. 12mo. Third edition. $1.50.
+
+_CHENOWETH'S_ (MRS. C. VAN D.) Stories of the Saints. Illustrated. 12mo.
+$2.00.
+
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+
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+
+---- Events and Epochs in Religious History. Crown 8vo. Illustrated. $3.00.
+Half-calf, $5.50.
+
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+
+---- Self-Culture. Eleventh edition. 12mo. $1.50. Half-calf, $3.00.
+
+_CLEAVELAND'S_ (NEHEMIAH) and _PACKARD'S_ (ALPHEUS SPRING) History of
+Bowdoin College. With Biographical Sketches of its Graduates, from 1806 to
+1879, inclusive. With many full-page Portraits, and other Illustrations.
+8vo. $5.00.
+
+_CLEMENT'S_ (CLARA ERSKINE) and Laurence Hutton's Artists of the Nineteenth
+Century. 12mo. Fully revised up to 1885. $3.00. Half-calf, $5.00.
+Tree-calf, $7.00.
+
+---- A Handbook of Legendary and Mythological Art. Eighteenth edition.
+12mo. $3. Half-calf, $5. Tree-calf, $7.
+
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+Tree-calf, $7.00.
+
+---- Eleanor Maitland. A Novel. 16mo. $1.25.
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+_COOKE'S_ (GEORGE WILLIS) George Eliot; A Critical Study of her Life,
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+
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+Fourth edition. $1.50.
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+and Illustrations. $3.00.
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+$1.00. In paper covers, 50 cents.
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+
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+_DODGE'S_ (THEODORE AYRAULT, U.S.A.) A Bird's-Eye View of our Civil War.
+1 vol. 8vo. With Maps and Illustrations. $3.00
+
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+
+_DOROTHEA._ Vol. X. of the Round-Robin Series of novels. 16mo. $1.00. In
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+_DU MAURIER'S_ (GEORGE) Pictures from Society. 50 full-page Pictures from
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+
+_EATON'S_ (D. CADY) Handbook of Greek and Roman Sculpture. Second edition,
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+
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+
+_EMERSON_, The Genius and Character of. A Series of Lectures delivered at
+the Concord School of Philosophy, by eminent authors and critics. Edited by
+F.B. SANBORN. Illustrated. 12mo. $2.00.
+
+_EMERSON-CARLYLE CORRESPONDENCE_ (THE). See CARLYLE.
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+
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+_FAWCETT'S_ (EDGAR) Social Silhouettes. 12mo. $1.50.
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+---- The Adventures of a Widow. 12mo. $1.50.
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+_FEATHERMAN'S_ (A.) The Aramaeans; Social History of the Races of Mankind.
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+
+_FENOLLOSA'S_ (ERNEST F.) Review of the Chapter on Painting in Gonse's
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+
+_FOOTE'S_ (MRS. MARY HALLOCK) The Led-Horse Claim. A Novel. Illustrated by
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+
+_FROMENTIN_ (EUGENE): Painter and Writer. From the French of Louis Gonse,
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+
+_FROMENTIN'S_ (EUGENE) The Old Masters of Belgium and Holland. 8vo. With
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+
+_FULLER'S_ (ALBERT W.) Artistic Homes in City and Country. Fourth edition.
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+
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+---- The Confessions of a Frivolous Girl. $1.25.
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+
+---- Schools and Studies. 16mo. $1.50.
+
+_HIS SECOND CAMPAIGN._ Vol. XVI. of the Round-Robin Series of novels. 16mo.
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+
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+
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+
+_HOSMER'S_ (G.W.) The People and Politics. 8vo. $3.00.
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+
+---- Aunt Serena. A Novel. 16mo. Thirteenth edition. $1.25.
+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+ VI. Edward Gibbon.
+ VII., VIII. Francois Marmontel.
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+_HUBBARD'S_ (LUCIUS L.) Woods and Lakes of Maine. A Trip from Moosehead
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+
+_HUNNEWELL'S_ (JAMES F.) The Historical Monuments of France. 1 vol. 8vo.
+Illustrated. $3.50.
+
+---- Bibliography of Charlestown, Mass., and Bunker Hill. 1 vol. 8vo.
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+_HUTCHINSON'S_ (ELLEN M.) Songs and Lyrics. 16mo. With Frontispiece. $1.25.
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+_JAMES_ (HENRY, SR.), The Literary Remains of. Edited by WILLIAM JAMES.
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+
+_JAMES'S_ (HENRY) The Author of Beltraffio; Pandora; Georgina's Reasons;
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+
+---- The Siege of London; The Pension Beaurepas; and The Point of View.
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+
+_JAMES'S_ (HENRY) Tales of Three Cities (The Impressions of a Cousin; Lady
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+
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+
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+
+_KEENE'S_ (CHARLES) Our People. Four Hundred Pictures from _Punch._ 4to.
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+
+_KENDRICK'S_ (PROFESSOR A.C.) Our Poetical Favorites. Three volumes in one.
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+
+_KING'S_ (CLARENCE) Mountaineering in the Sierra Nevada. 12mo. With Maps.
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+
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+ * * * * *
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+=MR. HOWELLS'S LATEST NOVELS.=
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+ =Out of the Question.
+ A Counterfeit Presentment.=
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+
+
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+
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+
+MOROZ' KRASNYI-NOS' (Red-Nosed Frost). Russian: Sostavil' Nikolai
+Alekseevich' Nekrasov'. Translated in the original meters from the Russian
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+
+
+_CHRISTIAN SYMBOLS AND STORIES OF THE SAINTS._ By CLARA ERKSINE CLEMENT.
+Assisted by KATHERINE E. CONWAY. 1 vol. Large 12mo., with many full page
+illustrations. $2.50.
+
+This is a revised version of the greater part of the author's "Hand-book of
+Legendary Art,"--of which seventeen large editions have been exhausted. The
+clear and beautiful explanation of the expressive symbols by which men's
+minds are helped to reverent contemplation of the mysteries of revealed
+religion, leaves nothing to be desired. The "Stories of the Saints" will be
+illustrated by numerous full page engravings from the rarest and finest
+works of the great masters of Christian Art--prominence being given to
+scenes from the life of the Blessed Virgin, and pictures of the
+Evangelists, and the Founders and notable Saints of the Religious Orders.
+
+
+_MONOGRAPHS OF AMERICAN ARCHITECTURE._
+
+No. II. THE HARTFORD CAPITOL. R.M. Upjohn, Architect.
+
+No. III. AMES MEMORIAL BUILDINGS, NORTH EASTON. H.H. Richardson, Architect.
+
+Gelatine Plates (from nature), 13 x 16. Each in portfolio. $5.00.
+
+The remarkable success of the first Monograph shows the demand existing for
+artistic work of this high grade; and an equal sale may be predicted for
+the portfolio that illustrates the beautiful marble Gothic building of the
+Connecticut State Capitol. This possesses perhaps even a higher interest
+than the Harvard Law School, because it is a great public building, and not
+an appendage of an institution.
+
+_The American Architect_ says: "The execution of the work is all that could
+be asked. It would be hard to offer a more encouraging example of the kind
+of work to be expected in this series."
+
+_JOHN BODEWIN'S TESTIMONY._ By MARY HALLOCK FOOTE, Author of "The Led
+Horse Claim," &c. 1 vol. 12mo. $1.50.
+
+"Mrs. Foote's first novel raised her to a level on which she is only to be
+compared with our best women novelists. To make this comparison briefly,
+Miss Woolson observes keenly, Mrs. Burnett writes charmingly, and Mrs.
+Foote feels intensely."--_The Critic._
+
+_NEXT DOOR._ By CLARA LOUISE BURNHAM, Author of "Dearly Bought," "A Sane
+Lunatic," &c. 1 vol. 12mo. $1.50.
+
+One of the brightest, prettiest, and most charming tales yet offered to the
+public. The scene is in Boston, the time the present, the plot exciting,
+the characters lifelike, while the style is graceful and skilful.
+
+_POETS AND PROBLEMS._ By GEORGE WILLIS COOKE, Author of "Emerson; His Life,
+Writings and Philosophy." 1 vol. 12mo. $2.00.
+
+Mr. Cooke brings to his work the most inexhaustible and painstaking
+patience, the most thorough devotion to the labor he has undertaken, and
+the deepest mental sympathy with his subjects. His present work embraces
+Tennyson, Ruskin, and Browning.
+
+_THE OLDEN-TIME SERIES._ 16mo. Per vol., 50 cents.
+
+There appears to be, from year to year, a growing popular taste for quaint
+and curious reminiscences of "Ye Olden Time," and to meet this, Mr. Henry
+M. Brooks has prepared a series of interesting handbooks. The materials
+have been gleaned chiefly from old newspapers of Boston and Salem, sources
+not easily accessible, and while not professing to be history, the volumes
+will contain much material for history, so combined and presented as to be
+both amusing and instructive. The titles of some of the volumes indicate
+their scope and their promise of entertainment:--"Curiosities of the Old
+Lottery," "Days of the Spinning Wheel," "Some Strange and Curious
+Punishments," "Quaint and Curious Advertisements," "Literary Curiosities,"
+"New-England Sunday," etc.
+
+_THE IMPERIAL ISLAND--ENGLAND'S CHRONICLE IN STONE._ By JAMES F. HUNNEWELL.
+1 vol. 8vo. Richly illustrated. $3.50.
+
+This admirable and impressive work is a companion to the same author's
+well-known "Historical Monuments of France," and contains a vivid record of
+the life of Merrie England, as exemplified by her august castles and
+palaces, abbeys and cathedrals.
+
+=LIFE AND WORKS OF MRS. CLEMMER.=
+
+_AN AMERICAN WOMAN'S LIFE AND WORK._ A Memorial of Mary Clemmer, by EDMUND
+HUDSON, with Portrait.
+
+_POEMS OF LIFE AND NATURE._
+
+_HIS TWO WIVES._
+
+_MEN, WOMEN, AND THINGS._ Revised and augmented.
+
+The whole in four 12mo. volumes, tastefully bound, forming a beautiful,
+uniform set of the selected works, together with the memorial biography of
+this popular and lamented writer.
+
+_THE SAUNTERER._ By CHARLES GOODRICH WHITING. 1 vol. 16mo. $1.25.
+
+A rare and choice collection of charming little essays and poems about
+nature, some of which have won the highest possible commendation from
+Stedman and other eminent critics. The author has for many years been
+connected with the editorial staff of "The Springfield Republican."
+
+_THE LOST NAME._ By MRS. MADELEINE VINTON DAHLGREN, author of "A Washington
+Winter," "South-sea Sketches," etc. 1 vol. 12mo. $1.50.
+
+The remarkable success of Mrs. Dahlgren's previous portrayals of society
+make it certain that her forthcoming work will be full of life and purpose,
+and therefore sure to attract and interest.
+
+_ITALIAN POETS._ By W.D. HOWELLS. 12mo. $1.50.
+
+Biographical and Critical Notices of the masters of Italian poetry.
+
+_A SEA CHANGE_; or, Love's Stowaway. A Comic opera. By W.D. HOWELLS. 1 vol.
+16mo. Little-Classic size.
+
+_THE VIRGINIA CAMPAIGN OF GENERAL POPE IN 1862._ Being Volume II. of Papers
+read before the Military Historical Society of Massachusetts. With Maps and
+Plans. 1 vol. 8vo. $3.00.
+
+_THE YOUNG PEOPLE'S TENNYSON._ Students' Edition. 1 vol. 16mo. Edited, with
+Notes and Introduction, by W.J. Rolfe. Beautifully illustrated. 75 cents.
+
+_SELECT POEMS OF TENNYSON._ Second Part. Students' Edition. Edited, with
+Notes and Introduction, by W.J. Rolfe. 1 vol. 16mo. Beautifully
+illustrated. 75 cents.
+
+_SONGS AND BALLADS OF THE OLD PLANTATIONS, BY UNCLE REMUS._ By JOEL
+CHANDLER HARRIS. 1 vol. 12mo. $1.50.
+
+"Uncle Remus's" legends have created a strong demand for his songs, which
+will be eagerly welcomed.
+
+_A ROMANTIC YOUNG LADY._ By ROBERT GRANT, author of "The Confessions of a
+Frivolous Girl," "An Average Man," etc. 1 vol. 12mo. $1.50.
+
+This is the latest and one of the strongest works of the successful
+delineator of modern society life and manners. It will be read eagerly and
+enjoyably by thousands of lovers of the best fiction.
+
+_A NEW AND ENLARGED CONCORDANCE TO THE HOLY SCRIPTURES._ By Rev. J.B.R.
+WALKER.
+
+This monumental work of patient industry and iron diligence is
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+introduction. Many errors and omissions in the plans of the older
+Concordances have been avoided in this one, which also bears reference to
+the Revised Bible, as well as to the King-James version.
+
+
+
+
+=JUST PUBLISHED.=
+
+
+_THE STORY OF MARGARET KENT._ By HENRY HAYES. 1 vol. 12mo. $1.50. 6th
+thousand.
+
+A new and thrilling novel of literary life in New York, written with
+masterly skill. One of the most exacting of reviewers says that it will
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+well-known novelist and poet, says: "The plot and situations are original
+and natural. It is out of the common run, and sparkles with life--real
+life--and deep feeling."
+
+_AMERICAN WHIST._ By G.W.P. 1 vol. 16mo. Sixth Edition, Revised. $1.00.
+
+A new and fully revised and much-enlarged edition of this foremost classic,
+best teacher, and wisest companion as to the most enjoyable game of cards.
+After running through several successful editions during the past five
+years, this invaluable book is now to be brought out improved in many ways,
+and will be indispensable to all who play Whist.
+
+_CLEOPATRA._ By HENRY GREVILLE. Original Copyright Edition, with new
+Portrait. 1 vol. 16mo. $1.25.
+
+"Cleopatra" is a brilliant new novel by the author of "Dosia" and "Dosia's
+Daughter," who is acknowledged as foremost among the European novelists of
+to-day. The remarkable success that has attended Henry Greville's previous
+works, foreshadows the popular demand for "Cleopatra," her latest (and in
+many respects, her best) novel.
+
+_EVERY-DAY RELIGION._ By REV. JAMES FREEMAN CLARKE, D.D., Author of
+"Self-Culture," "The Ideas of Paul," &c., &c. 1 vol. 12mo. $1.50.
+
+An admirable group of terse, strong, and practical discourses on the
+religion of the home, the office, the work-shop, and the field. It tells
+how, amid the cares and annoyances of this workaday world, one may grow
+towards a noble and peaceful life. It will be an invaluable companion, an
+indispensable "guide, philosopher, and friend." The eminent success of
+JAMES FREEMAN CLARKE in works of this high class is shown by the great
+popularity of his "Self-Culture," which is now in its eleventh edition.
+
+_EDGE-TOOLS OF SPEECH._ By MATURIN M. BALLOU, Author of "A Treasury of
+Thought," "Due South," &c., &c. 1 vol. 8vo. $3.50.
+
+"A great new work, in which are preserved the choicest expressions and
+opinions of the great thinkers and writers of all ages, from Confucius to
+Ruskin. These pungent apothegms and brilliant _memorabilia_ are all
+carefully classified by topics; so that the choicest work of many years of
+patient labor in the libraries of America and Europe is condensed into
+perfect form and made readily available. It will be indispensable to all
+writers and speakers, and should be in every library"--_Traveller._
+
+_TWO COLLEGE GIRLS._ By HELEN DAWES BROWN. 1 vol. 12mo. $1.50.
+
+One of the most important of recent books. It is a capital study of
+girl-students from Boston, New York, and Chicago, exemplifying the most
+piquant characteristics of the respective phases of civilization and social
+criteria of the three cities. It is suited alike to old and young, being
+rich in beautiful passages of tender pathos, strong, simple and vivid, and
+full of sustaining interest. Nothing has been published since "Little
+Women" that will so strike the popular taste.
+
+_LIGHT ON THE HIDDEN WAY._ With an Introduction by JAMES FREEMAN CLARKE.
+1 vol. 16mo. $1.00.
+
+A remarkable and thrilling romance of immortality, illustrating by an
+account of personal experiences the relations between the seen and the
+unseen. All readers of the literature of the supernatural in books like
+"The Little Pilgrim," &c., will be profoundly interested in this strange
+record of the nearness of the spiritual and material worlds.
+
+_THE PRELATE._ By ISAAC HENDERSON. 12mo. $1.50.
+
+A story of the American colony and native society in Rome. The situations
+in this powerful book are among the most intense and dramatic of anything
+that has been offered by an American author for years.
+
+_INDIAN SUMMER._ By W.D. HOWELLS, Author of "The Rise of Silas Lapham," &c.
+1 vol. 12 mo. $1.50.
+
+"Mr. Howells's new story is in his pleasantest vein, full of his quiet
+humor clothed in the neatest expressions. It is international; the contrast
+of American and foreign ways runs through it, and Mr. Howells has added the
+contrast of the old and the new Americanism. The hero is a Western
+journalist, a Mugwump, much given to banter of the American sort."--_The
+Nation._
+
+_A STROLL WITH KEATS._ By FRANCES CLIFFORD BROWN. 1 vol. Illustrated.
+Square 16mo. $1.50.
+
+One of the choicest gems of art in illustration, consisting of illuminated
+pages, in beautiful designs, illustrating some of the finest verses of the
+great English poet.
+
+_THE SPHINX'S CHILDREN AND OTHER PEOPLE'S._ By ROSE TERRY COOKE, Author of
+"Somebody's Neighbors," &c. 1 vol. 12mo. $1.50.
+
+This volume of short stories, reprinted from the author's contributions to
+the _Atlantic_, _Harpers_, _The Galaxy_, &c., will be found like
+"Somebody's Neighbors," to show "that profound insight into Puritan
+character, and that remarkable command of Yankee dialect, in which Mrs.
+Cooke has but one equal, and no superior. These exquisite chronicles are
+full of high local color, pathos and piquancy, and their perusal is
+attended with alternate tears and smiles. Their narration is vigorous and
+spirited, sparkling in all points, and outlined with rare dramatic skill."
+
+_THE LIFE AND GENIUS OF GOETHE._ The Lectures at the Concord School of
+Philosophy for 1885. Edited by F.B. SANBORN and W.T. HARRIS. 1 vol. 12mo.
+With 2 portraits. $2.00.
+
+"A work of exceptional interest, containing fifteen of the lectures
+concerning Goethe which were read at the Concord School of Philosophy last
+summer. Prof. Hewett furnishes an account of the newly-discovered Goethe
+manuscripts for the introduction to the volume. Among the writers are Drs.
+Bartol and Hedge, Mrs. Howe, Mrs. Cheney, Mrs. Sherman of Chicago, Mr.
+Soldan of St. Louis, Mr. Snider of Cincinnati, Mr. Partridge of Brooklyn,
+N.Y., Mr. Davidson of New Jersey, Prof. White of Ithaca, N.Y., and Messrs.
+Emery, Harris, and Sanborn of Concord, the last named the
+editor."--_Traveller._
+
+_LIFE AND LETTERS OF HENRY WADSWORTH LONGFELLOW._ Edited by Rev. Samuel
+Longfellow. 2 vols. 12mo. $6.00. With new steel engraved Portraits and many
+wood Engravings.
+
+_Also a limited edition de Luxe, with Proof Portraits._
+
+The biography of the foremost American poet, written by his brother, is
+probably the most important work of the kind brought out in the United
+States for years. It is rich in domestic, personal, and family interest,
+anecdotes, reminiscences, and other thoroughly charming _memorabilia_.
+
+
+THE =MEMORIAL HISTORY OF BOSTON=,
+
+In Four Volumes. Quarto.
+
+
+With more than 500 Illustrations by famous artists and engravers, all made
+for this work.
+
+Edited by JUSTIN WINSOR, LIBRARIAN OF HARVARD UNIVERSITY.
+
+Among the contributors are:--
+
+ Gov. JOHN D. LONG,
+ Hon. CHARLES FRANCIS ADAMS,
+ Rev. PHILLIPS BROOKS, D.D.,
+ Rev. E.E. HALE, D.D.,
+ Hon. ROBERT C. WINTHROP,
+ Hon. J. HAMMOND TRUMBULL,
+ Admiral G.H. PREBLE,
+ Dr. O.W. HOLMES,
+ JOHN G. WHITTIER,
+ REV. J.P. CLARKE, D.D.,
+ Rev. A.P. PEABODY, D.D.,
+ Col. T.W. HIGGINSON,
+ Professor ASA GRAY,
+ Gen. F.W. PALFREY,
+ HENRY CABOT LODGE.
+
+VOLUME I. treats of the Geology, Fauna, and Flora; the Voyages and Maps of
+the Northmen, Italians, Captain John Smith, and the Plymouth Settlers; the
+Massachusetts Company, Puritanism, and the Aborigines; the Literature,
+Life, and Chief Families of the Colonial Period.
+
+VOL. II. treats of the Royal Governors; French and Indian Wars; Witches and
+Pirates; The Religion, Literature, Customs, and Chief Families of the
+Provincial Period.
+
+VOL. III. treats of the Revolutionary Period and the Conflict around
+Boston; and the Statesmen, Sailors, and Soldiers, the Topography,
+Literature, and Life of Boston during that time; and also of the Last
+Hundred Years' History, the War of 1812, Abolitionism, and the Press.
+
+VOL. IV. treats of the Social Life, Topography, and Landmarks, Industries,
+Commerce, Railroads, and Financial History of this Century in Boston; with
+Monographic Chapters on Boston's Libraries, Women, Science, Art, Music,
+Philosophy, Architecture, Charities, etc.
+
+ * * * * *
+
+* * * _Sold by subscription only. Send for a Prospectus to the Publishers,_
+
+TICKNOR AND COMPANY, Boston.
+
+
+THE CHOICEST EDITIONS OF THE =FIVE GREAT MODERN POEMS.=
+
+
+Drawn and engraved under the care of A.V.S. ANTHONY. Each in one volume,
+8vo., elegantly bound, with full gilt edges, in a neat box. Each poem, in
+cloth, $6.00; in tree calf, or antique morocco, $10.00; in crushed levant,
+extra, with silk linings, $25.00. Copiously illustrated after drawings by
+Thomas Moran, E.H. Garrett, Harry Fenn, A.B. Frost, and other distinguished
+artists.
+
+CHILDE HAROLD.
+
+The choicest gift-book of 1885-1886. With nearly 100 noble Illustrations,
+of great artistic value and beauty, representing the splendid scenery and
+architecture of the Rhine, Greece, Italy, etc.
+
+THE PRINCESS.
+
+The most famous poem of ALFRED, LORD TENNYSON. With 120 new and beautiful
+Illustrations.
+
+"The most superb book of the season. The exquisite binding makes a fit
+casket for Tennyson's enchanting 'Princess.'"--_Hartford Journal._
+
+THE LADY OF THE LAKE.
+
+A superb fine-art edition, with 120 Illustrations. The choicest edition of
+Scott's wonderful poem of Scottish chivalry.
+
+"On page after page are seen the great dome of Ben-an rising in mid-air,
+huge Ben-venue throwing his shadowed masses upon the lakes, and the long
+heights of Ben Lomond hemming the horizon."--_Atlantic Monthly._
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+the battle-swept heights of the Crimea.
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+the illustrations,--a most charming Christmas gift."--_American Literary
+Churchman._
+
+MARMION.
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+
+ * * * * *
+
+_For Sale by Booksellers. Sent, postpaid, on receipt of price, by the
+Publishers_,
+
+TICKNOR AND COMPANY, Boston.
+
+THE
+AMERICAN ARCHITECT
+_AND BUILDING NEWS_.
+
+An Illustrated Weekly Journal of Architecture and the Building Trades
+
+
+Each number is accompanied by six fine quarto illustrations, while
+illustrative cuts are liberally used in the text. Although the paper
+addresses itself primarily to architects and builders, by its discussions
+upon matters of interest common to those engaged in building pursuits, it
+is the object of the editors to make it acceptable and necessary to that
+large portion of the educated classes who are interested in and appreciate
+the importance of good architectural surroundings, to civil and sanitary
+engineers, draughtsmen, antiquaries, craftsmen of all kinds, and all
+intelligent readers.
+
+As an indication of the feeling with which this journal is regarded by the
+profession, we quote the following extract from a report of a committee of
+the American Institute of Architects upon "American Architectural
+Journals":--
+
+ "At Boston, Mass., is issued the AMERICAN ARCHITECT AND BUILDING
+ NEWS, a weekly of the first class, and, it must be acknowledged,
+ the only journal in this country that can compare favorably with
+ the great London architectural publications. It is very liberally
+ illustrated with full-page lithographic impressions of the latest
+ designs of our most noted architects, and with occasional views
+ of celebrated European buildings. Once a month a fine gelatine
+ print is issued in a special edition. Its editorial department is
+ conducted in a scholarly, courteous, and, at the same time,
+ independent tone, and its selections made with excellent
+ judgment. It is the accepted exemplar of American architectural
+ practice, and is found in the office of almost every architect in
+ the Union."--_April 15, 1885._
+
+
+Subscription Prices. (In Advance.)
+
+REGULAR EDITION.--$6.00 per year; $3.50 per half year.
+
+GELATINE EDITION (the same as the regular edition, but including 12 or more
+Gelatine Prints).--$7.00 per year; $4.00 per half year.
+
+IMPERIAL EDITION (the same as the regular edition, but including 40
+Gelatine Prints, and 36 additional double-page Photo-Lithographic
+Prints).--$10.00 year; $6.00 per half year.
+
+MONTHLY EDITION (identical with the first weekly issue for each month, but
+containing no Gelatine Prints).--$1.75 per year; $1.00 per half year.
+
+Bound volumes for 1876, 1877, 1878, 1879, 1880, 1881, $10.50; 1882, 1883,
+1884, and 1885, $9.00 each.
+
+Bound volume (Gelatine edition) for 1885, $10.00.
+
+Specimen numbers and advertising rates furnished on application to the
+publishers,
+
+=TICKNOR AND COMPANY,=
+
+_211 TREMONT STREET, BOSTON, MASS._
+
+
+
+
+Transcriber's notes:
+
+Footnotes represented by Numbers are part of New-England Sunday text
+Footnotes represented by Letters are footnotes from quoted sources.
+Punctuation standardised.
+Hand symbol replaced by [-->] in txt version.
+$1, changed to $1.00. In Advertisement section
+* * * used to represent Inverted Asterism in txt version.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Olden Time Series, Vol. 3:
+New-England Sunday, by Henry M. Brooks
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE OLDEN TIME SERIES ***
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