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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6833f05 --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +* text=auto +*.txt text +*.md text diff --git a/17042-0.txt b/17042-0.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..bafcfd2 --- /dev/null +++ b/17042-0.txt @@ -0,0 +1,1074 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Illustration Of The Method Of Recording +Indian Languages, by J.O. Dorsey, A.S. Gatschet, and S.R. Riggs + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Illustration Of The Method Of Recording Indian Languages + From the First Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology, + Smithsonian Institution + +Author: J.O. Dorsey, A.S. Gatschet, and S.R. Riggs + +Release Date: November 11, 2005 [EBook #17042] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: UTF-8 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK INDIAN LANGUAGE *** + + + + +Produced by Carlo Traverso, William Flis, and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net + + + + + +Transcriber's note: The following symbols are used to represent +special characters: + [K] = turned (inverted) "K" + [T] = turned "T" + + * * * * * + +SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION--BUREAU OF ETHNOLOGY. + +J.W. POWELL, DIRECTOR. + + * * * * * + +ILLUSTRATION OF THE METHOD + +OF + +RECORDING INDIAN LANGUAGES. + + * * * * * + +FROM THE MANUSCRIPTS OF MESSRS. J.O. DORSEY, A.S. GATSCHET, AND S.R. +RIGGS. + + * * * * * + + + + +ILLUSTRATION OF THE METHOD OF RECORDING INDIAN LANGUAGES. + + +HOW THE RABBIT CAUGHT THE SUN IN A TRAP. + +AN OMAHA MYTH, OBTAINED FROM F. LAFLÈCHE BY J. OWEN DORSEY. + +Egi¢e |mactciñ'ge| aká | i ʞaⁿ' | ¢iñké |ená-qtci|ʇig¢e| júgig¢á-biamá. +It came| rabbit | the | his |the st.| only |dwelt|with his| they +to pass| | sub.|grandmother| ob. | | | own,| say. + + Kĭ |haⁿ'egaⁿtcĕ'-qtci-hnaⁿ'|`ábae | ahí-biamá. |Haⁿegaⁿtcĕ'-qtci| a¢á-bi +And | morning very habit-|hunting|went thither| morning very|went, they + | ually | | they say. | | say + + ctĕwaⁿ'|níkaciⁿga|wiⁿ'| sí |snedĕ'-qti-hnaⁿ|síg¢e|a¢á-bitéamá.|Kĭ |íbahaⁿ 3 +notwith-| person |one |foot| long very as a|trail| had gone, |And|to know +standing rule they say. him + +gaⁿ¢á-biamá.|Níaciⁿga| ¢iⁿ' |ĭⁿ'taⁿ|wítaⁿ¢iⁿ|b¢é | tá |miñke,| e¢égaⁿ-biamá. + wished | Person |the mv.| now | I-first|I go|will|I who,|thought they say. + they say. ob. + +Haⁿ'egaⁿcĕ'-qtci|páhaⁿ-bi| egaⁿ'|a¢á-biamá.| Cĭ | égi¢e |níkaciⁿga| amá + Morning very| arose |having|went they |Again| it | person |the mv. + they say say. happened sub. + +síg¢e|a¢á-bitéamá.| Égi¢e | akí-biamá. | Gá-biamá: |ʞaⁿhá,|wítaⁿ¢iⁿ|b¢é 6 +trail| had gone, |It came| he reached |Said as follows,|grand-|I-first |I go + they say. to pass|home they say. they say: mother, + + a ʞídaxe | ctĕwaⁿ'|níkaciⁿga|wíⁿ'| aⁿ'aqai |a¢aí te aⁿ'.|[K]aⁿhá,|u ʞíaⁿ¢e + I make |in spite| person |one | getting |he has gone.|Grand- | snare +for myself of it ahead of me mother + +dáxe| tá |minke,|kĭ |b¢íze | tá |miñke|hă.|Átaⁿ| jaⁿ'|tadaⁿ',|á-biamá + I |will|I who,|and|I take|will|I who| . | Why| you |should?| said, +make| him do it they say + it + +wa`újiñga|aka.|Níaciⁿga| i¢át'ab¢é|hă,|á-biamá.| Kĭ|mactciñ'ge|a¢á- 9 +old woman|the | Person |I hate him| . | said, |And| rabbit |went + sub. they say. + +biamá.| A¢á-bi | ʞĭ | cĭ |síg¢e| ¢étéamá.|[K]ĭ| haⁿ'| tĕ| i¢ápe |jaⁿ'-biamá. + they |Went they|when|again|trail|had gone.| And|night|the|waiting|lay they + say. say for say. + +Man'dĕ-ʞaⁿ|¢aⁿ|ukínacke|gaxá-biamá,| kĭ|síg¢e| ¢é-hnaⁿ | tĕ| ĕ'di|i¢aⁿ'¢a- +bow string|the| noose |he made it |and|trail| went |the|there|he put it + ob. they say, habitually + +biamá.| Égi¢e |haⁿ'+egaⁿ-tcĕ'-qtci|u ʞíaⁿ¢e|¢aⁿ|giʇaⁿ'be|ahí-biamá.| Égi¢e 12 + they |It came| morning very| snare |the| to see | arrived |It came + say. to pass ob. his own they say. to pass + +miⁿ'| ¢aⁿ |¢izé | akáma. |Taⁿ'¢iⁿ-qtci|u¢á | ag¢á-biamá. |[K]aⁿhá|ĭndádaⁿ + sun|the cv.|taken| he had,|Running very| to |went homeward,| Grand-| what + ob. they say. tell they say. mother. + + éiⁿte| b¢íze|édegaⁿ| aⁿ'baaze-hnaⁿ' |hă,| á-biamá.|[K]aⁿhá,|man'de- ʞaⁿ|¢aⁿ +it may|I took| but |me it habitually| . |said they| Grand- |bow string |the + be scared say. mother, ob. + +ag¢íze| kaⁿbdédegaⁿ |aⁿ'baaze-hnaⁿ'i |hă,| á-biamá.|Máhiⁿ|a¢iⁿ'-bi|egaⁿ' 15 +I took|I wished, but|me it habitually| . |said they|Knife|had they|having +my own scared say. say + + ĕ'di|a¢á-biamá.| Kĭ|ecaⁿ'-qtci|ahí-biamá.|Píäjĭ|ckáxe.|Eátaⁿ|égaⁿ +there|went, they|And|near very| arrived | Bad | you | Why | so + say. they say. did. + +ckáxe|ă.| ĕ'di |gí-adaⁿ'| iⁿ¢ická-gă |hă,| á-biamá |miⁿ'|aká.|Mactciñ'ge + you | ?|Hither|come and|for me untie it| , |said, they| sun|the | Rabbit + did say sub. + +aká| ĕ'di|a¢á-bi | ctĕwaⁿ'|naⁿ'pa-bi|egaⁿ'| hébe | íhe |a¢é-hnaⁿ'-biamá.| Kĭ 3 +the|there| went |notwith-| feared | hav-|partly|passed|went habitually |And +sub. they say standing they say ing by they say. + + ʞu`ĕ'| a¢á-bi | egaⁿ'| mása-biamá |man'dĕ- ʞaⁿ|¢aⁿ'.|Gañ'ki|miⁿ'| ¢aⁿ |maⁿ'- +rushed| went |having|cut with they| bow string| the | And | sun| the | on + they say a knife say ob. cv. ob. + +ciáha|áiá¢a-biamá.| Kĭ|mactciñ'ge|aká | ábá ʞu | hiⁿ'|¢aⁿ|názi-biamá +high |had they |And| Rabbit |the | space bet. | hair|the|burnt they + gone, say. sub. the shoulders ob. yellow say + + ánakadá-bi | egaⁿ'.|(Mactciñ'ge| amá | akí-biamá.) | ĭtcitci+,|ʞaⁿhá, 6 +it was hot on|having.| (Rabbit |the mv.|reached home,|Itcitci+!!|grand- +it, they say sub. they say.) mother, + + ná¢iñgĕ-qti-maⁿ'|hă,| á-biamá.|[T]úcpa¢aⁿ+,| iⁿ'na¢iñgĕ'-qti-maⁿ'|eskaⁿ'+, +burnt to very I am| --|said, they|Grandchild!!| burnt to very I am|I think, +nothing say. nothing for me + + á-biamá. |Cetaⁿ'. +said, they say.| So far. + + +NOTES. + +581, 1. Mactciñge, the Rabbit, or Si¢e-makaⁿ (meaning uncertain), is +the hero of numerous myths of several tribes. He is the deliverer of +mankind from different tyrants. One of his opponents is Ictinike, the +maker of this world, according to the Iowas. The Rabbit's grandmother +is Mother Earth, who calls mankind her children. + +581, 7. a¢ai te aⁿ. The conclusion of this sentence seems odd to the +collector, but its translation given with this myth is that furnished +by the Indian informant. + +581, 12. haⁿ+egaⁿtcĕ-qtci, "ve--ry early in the morning." The +prolongation of the first syllable adds to the force of the adverb +"qtci," _very_. + +582, 3. hebe ihe a¢e-hnaⁿ-biama. The Rabbit tried to obey the Sun; +but each time that he attempted it, he was so much afraid of him that +he passed by a little to one side. He could not go directly to him. + +582, 4. 5. maⁿciaha aia¢a-biama. When the Rabbit rushed forward with +bowed head, and cut the bow-string, the Sun's departure was so rapid +that "he had _already_ gone on high." + + +ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THIS MYTH. + + cv. curvilinear. + mv. moving. + st. sitting. + sub. subject. + ob. object. + + +TRANSLATION. + +Once upon a time the Rabbit dwelt in a lodge with no one but his +grandmother. And it was his custom to go hunting very early in the +morning. No matter how early in the morning he went, a person with +very long feet had been along, leaving a trail. And he (the Rabbit), +wished to know him. "Now," thought he, "I will go in advance of the +person." Having arisen very early in the morning, he departed. Again +it happened that the person had been along, leaving a trail. Then he +(the Rabbit) went home. Said he, "Grandmother, though I arrange for +myself to go first, a person anticipates me (every time). Grandmother, +I will make a snare and catch him." "Why should you do it?" said she. +"I hate the person," he said. And the Rabbit departed. When he went, +the foot-prints had been along again. And he lay waiting for night (to +come). And he made a noose of a bow-string, putting it in the place +where the foot-prints used to be seen. And he reached there very early +in the morning for the purpose of looking at his trap. And it happened +that he had caught the Sun. Running very fast, he went homeward to +tell it. "Grandmother, I have caught something or other, but it +scares me. Grandmother, I wished to take my bow-string, but I was +scared every time," said he. He went thither with a knife. And he got +very near it. "You have done wrong; why have you done so? Come hither +and untie me," said the Sun. The Rabbit, although he went thither, was +afraid, and kept on passing partly by him (or, continued going by a +little to one side). And making a rush, with his head bent down (and +his arm stretched out), he cut the bow-string with the knife. And the +Sun had already gone on high. And the Rabbit had the hair between his +shoulders scorched yellow, it having been hot upon him (as he stooped +to cut the bow-string). (And the Rabbit arrived at home.) "Itcitci+!! +O grandmother, the heat has left nothing of me," said he. She said, +"Oh! my grandchild! I think that the heat has left nothing of him for +me." (From that time the rabbit has had a singed spot on his back, +between the shoulders.) + + * * * * * + + + + +DETAILS OF A CONJURER'S PRACTICE. + +IN THE KLAMATH LAKE DIALECT. OBTAINED FROM MINNIE FROBEN, BY A.S. +GATSCHET. + +Máḵlaks|shuákiuk|kíuksash|ḵá-i|gû'l’hi|húnkĕlam|ládshashtat,|ndéna +Indians|in call-| the | not| enter | his | into lodge,| they + ing conjurer halloo + +sha'hmóknok; | kíush toks |wán| kiukáyank |mû'luash|m’na| kaníta| pî'sh. +to call (him)|the conjurer|red|hanging out| as sign| his |outside|"of him." + out; fox on a pole + + Kukíaks |tchû'tanish| gátp’nank |wigáta| tchélχa| mā'shipksh.|Lútatkish 3 +Conjurers|when treat-|approaching| close|sit down|the patient.| The + ing by expounder + + wigáta | kíukshĕsh |tcha’hlánshna.|Shuyéga | kíuks, |wéwanuish +close to|the conjurer| sits down. | Starts |the conjurer,| females + choruses + +tchīk|winóta |liukiámnank| nadshā'shak |tchûtchtníshash.| Hánshna + then|join in| crowding |simultaneously|while he treats |He sucks + singing around him (the sick). + +mā'shish|hû'nk|hishuákshash,| tátktish | î'shkuk, | hantchípka |tcī'k +diseased| that| man, |the disease|to extract,|he sucks out| then + +kukuága,|wishinkága,|mû'lkaga,|ḵáḵo|gî'ntak,| káhaktok |nánuktua +a small | small | small |bone| after- |whatsoever|anything + frog, snake, insect, wards, + +nshendshkáne.|Ts’û'ks|toks|ké-usht| tchékĕle| ítkal; |lúlp|toks|mā'- 3 + small. | A leg | | being |the (bad)| he |eyes|but |be- + fractured blood extracts; + + shisht |tchékĕlitat|lgû'm|shû'kĕlank| ḵî'tua |lû'lpat,|kû'tash|tchish +ing sore| into blood| coal| mixing | he pours|into the|a louse| too + eyes, + + kshéwa | lúlpat | pû'klash|tuiχámpgatk|ltúiχaktgi gíug. +introduces|into the|the white|protruding | for eating out. + eye of eye + +NOTES. + +583, 1. shuákia does not mean to "_call on somebody_" generally, but +only "_to call on the conjurer_ or medicine man". + +583, 2. wán stands for wánam nī'l: the fur or skin of a red +or silver fox; kaníta pî'sh stands for kanítana látchash m'nálam: +"outside of his lodge or cabin". The meaning of the sentence is: they +raise their voices to call him out. Conjurers are in the habit of +fastening a fox-skin outside of their lodges, as a business sign, and +to let it dangle from a rod stuck out in an oblique direction. + +583, 3. tchélχa. During the treatment of a patient, who stays in +a winter house, the lodge is often shut up at the top, and the people +sit in a circle inside in utter darkness. + +583, 5. liukiámnank. The women and all who take a part in the chorus +usually sit in a circle around the conjurer and his assistant; the +suffix -mna indicates close proximity. Nadshā'shak qualifies the +verb winóta. + +583, 5. tchûtchtníshash. The distributive form of tchû't’na refers +to each of the _various_ manipulations performed by the conjurer on +the patient. + +584, 1. mā'shish, shortened from māshípkash, mā'shipksh, like +ḵ'lä'ksh from k’läkápkash. + +584, 2. 3. There is a stylistic incongruity in using the distributive +form, only in kukuàga (kúe, _frog_), káhaktok, and in nshendshkáne +(nshekáni, npshékani, tsékani, tchékĕni, _small_), while inserting +the absolute form in wishinkága (wíshink, _garter-snake_) and in +ḵáḵo; mû'lkaga is more of a generic term and its distributive +form is therefore not in use. + +583, 2. káhaktok for ká-akt ak; ká-akt being the transposed +distributive form kákat, of kát, which, what (pron. relat.). + +584, 4. lgû'm. The application of remedial _drugs_ is very unfrequent +in this tribe; and this is one of the reasons why the term "conjurer" +or "shaman" will prove to be a better name for the medicine man than +that of "Indian doctor". + +584, 4. kû'tash etc. The conjurer introduces a louse into the eye to +make it eat up the protruding white portion of the sore eye. + + + + +KÁLAK. + + +THE RELAPSE. + + +IN THE KLAMATH LAKE DIALECT BY DAVE HILL. OBTAINED BY A.S. GATSCHET. + + Hä | náyäns|hissuáksas| mā'shitk| kálak, |tsúi| kíuks |nä'-ulakta|tchu- +When|another| man |fell sick| as |then| the | concludes| to + relapsed, conjurer + +tánuapkuk.|Tchúi|tchúta;|tchúi|yá-uks|huk |shläá|kálak a gēk.| Tchi + treat | And | he | and |remedy|this|finds|(that) relapsed| Thus + (him). treats; out he. + +huk|shuî'sh|sápa.|Tsúi|nā'sh|shuī'sh|sáyuaks|hû'mtcha kálak,|tchúi 3 +the| song- |indi-| And| one | song- |having | (that) of the | then + remedy cates. remedy found kind of relapsed + out relapsed (he is), + +nánuk| hûk | shuī'sh| tpä'wa |hû'nksht|kaltchitchíkshash|heshuampĕlítki + all |those|remedies|indicate| (that) | the spider | would + him (-remedy) + +gíug. |Tchúi|hû'k|káltchitchiks|yá-uka;| ubá-us |hûk|káltchitchiksam +cure. | Then| the| spider | treats|a piece of| | of the spider + him; deer-skin + + tchutĕnō'tkish. |Tsúi|húkantka|ubá-ustka|tchutá;|tätáktak | huk 6 +(is) the curing-tool.|Then|by means|deer-skin| he |just the |that + of that treats |size of + (him); the spot + + kálak | mā'sha,| gä'tak| ubá-ush|ktû'shka| tä'tak |huk| mā'sha. |Tsúi|hûk +relapse| is |so much|of deer-| he cuts|as where| he| is |Then| + infected, skin out suffering. + +káltchitchiks| siunóta |nä'dsḵank|hû'nk| ubá-nsh. |Tchû'yuk|p'laíta +the "spider" |is started| while | that|skin piece.| And he |over it + song applying + + nétatka | skútash, |tsúi | sha|hû'nk|udû'pka| hänä'shishtka,|tsúi|hû'k 9 + he |a blanket,| and |they| it | strike|with conjurer's|then| it +stretches arrows, + +gutä'ga|tsulä'kshtat;|gä'tsa| lû'pí |kiatéga,|tsúi| tsulē'ks| ḵ'läká,|tchúi +enters | into the |a par-|firstly| enters,|then|(it) body|becomes,| and + body; ticle + +at |pushpúshuk| shlē'sh | hûk|ubá-ush.|Tsúi| mā'ns| tánkĕni ak |waítash +now| dark it |to look at|that| skin- |Then| after|after so and| days + piece. a while so many + +hû'k|pûshpúshli at|mā'ns=gîtk|tsulä'ks=sitk|shlä'sh.| Tsí|ní|sáyuakta; 12 +that|black (thing)| at last | (is) flesh- |to look |Thus|I | am + like at. informed; + +túmi |hû'nk|sháyuakta|hû'masht=gîsht| tchutī'sht; |tsúyuk|tsúshni +many | | know | (that) in |were effected|and he|always + men this manner cures; then + + wä'mpĕle. +was well again. + + +NOTES. + +585, 1. náyäns hissuáksas: another man than the conjurers of the +tribe. The objective case shows that mā'shitk has to be regarded +here as the participle of an impersonal verb: mā'sha nûsh, and +mā'sha nû, it ails me, I am sick. + +585, 2. yá-uks is remedy in general, spiritual as well as material. +Here a tamánuash song is meant by it, which, when sung by the +conjurer, will furnish him the certainty if his patient is a relapse +or not. There are several of these medicine-songs, but all of them +(nánuk hû'k shuī'sh) when consulted point out the spider-medicine +as the one to apply in this case. The spider's curing-instrument is +that small piece of buckskin (ubá-ush) which has to be inserted under +the patient's skin. It is called the spider's medicine because the +spider-song is sung during its application. + +585, 10. gutä'ga. The whole operation is concealed from the eyes of +spectators by a skin or blanket stretched over the patient and the +hands of the operator. + +585, 10. kiatéga. The buckskin piece has an oblong or longitudinal +shape in most instances, and it is passed under the skin sideways and +very gradually. + +585, 11. tánkĕni ak waítash. Dave Hill gave as an approximate limit +five days' time. + + * * * * * + + + +SWEAT-LODGES. + + +IN THE KLAMATH LAKE DIALECT BY MINNIE FROBEN. OBTAINED BY A.S. +GATSCHET. + +É-ukshkni| lápa |spû'klish|gítko.| Ḵúḵiuk | ḵĕlekapkash|spû'klishla +The lake | two | sweat- |have. |To weep over|the deceased| they build + people (kinds lodges sweat-lodges + of) + + yépank| käíla; |stutílantko| spû'klish, |käíla|waltchátko.|Spû'klish a +digging|the ground;| are roofed| (these) | with| covered. | (Another) + up sweat-lodges earth sweat-lodge + +sha |shû'ta| kué-utch, |kítchikan’sh|stinága=shítko;|skû'tash a|wáldsha 3 +they| build|of willows,| a little | cabin looking | blankets | they + like spread + + spû'klishtat |tataták sĕ|spukliá.|Tátataks a hû'nk| wéas |lúla,|tatátaks + over the |when in it| sweat. | Whenever |children|died,| or when +sweating-lodge| they + +a híshuaksh|tchímĕna,|snáwedsh|wénuitk,|ḵû'ḵi|ḵĕlekátko,|spû'klitcha + a husband | became |(or) the| (is) |they |for cause|go sweating + widower, wife |widowed,|weep |of death + +túmi |shashámoks=lólatko;|túnepni|waítash|tchík| sa |hû'uk|spû'klia. 6 +many | relatives who | five | days | then|they| | sweat. + have lost + +Shiúlakiank a| sha| ktái | húyuka |skoilakuápkuk;|hútoks| ktái |ḵá-i tatá + Gathering |they|stones| (they) | to heap them | those|stones| never + heat (them) up (after use); + +spukliû't’huīsh.|Spúklish| lúpĭa | húyuka; |ḵélpka a| át, | ílhiat |átui, +having been used| Sweat |in front|they heat| heated |when,| they bring | at + for sweating lodge of (them); (being) (them) inside|once, + +ḵídshna ai| î | ámbu,|kliulála.|Spû'kli|a sha| túmĕni|"hours";|ḵélpkuk 9 + pour | on |water,|sprinkle.| Sweat | then|several| hours; |being quite + them they warmed up + +géka |shualkóltchuk |péniak| ḵō'ḵs|pépe-udshak|éwagatat,|ḵóḵetat,|é-ush +they |(and) to cool |with- |dress|only to go | in a | river,| lake +leave|themselves off| out bathing spring, + +wigáta.|Spukli-uápka|mā'ntch.| Shpótuok | i-akéwa | kápka, |skû'tawia +close | They will |for long|To make them-|they bend|young pine-|(they) tie + by. sweat hours. selves strong down trees together + +sha | wéwakag | knû'kstga.| Ndshiétchatka | knû'ks a|sha |shúshata. 12 +they| small |with ropes.|Of (willow-)bark|the ropes|they| make. + brushwood + +Gátpampĕlank |shkoshkî'lχa|ktáktiag| hû'shkankok |ḵĕlekápkash,| ktá-i +On going home|they heap up| small |in remembrance|of the dead,|stones + into cairns stones + +shúshuankaptcha | î'hiank. + of equal size | selecting. + + +NOTES. + +No Klamath or Modoc sweat-lodge can be properly called a +sweat-_house_, as is the custom throughout the West. One kind of these +lodges, intended for the use of mourners only, are solid structures, +almost underground; three of them are now in existence, all believed +to be the gift of the principal national deity. Sudatories of the +other kind are found near every Indian lodge, and consist of a few +willow-rods stuck into the ground, both ends being bent over. The +process gone through while sweating is the same in both kinds of +lodges, with the only difference as to time. The ceremonies mentioned +4-13. all refer to sweating in the mourners' sweat-lodges. The +sudatories of the Oregonians have no analogy with the _estufas_ of +the Pueblo Indians of New Mexico, as far as their construction is +concerned. + +586, 1. lápa spû'klish, two sweat-lodges, stands for two _kinds_ of +sweat-lodges. + +586, 5. shashámoks=lólatko forms _one_ compound word: one who, or: +those who have lost relatives by death; cf. ptísh=lûlsh, pgísh=lûlsh; +hishuákga ptísh=lúlatk, male orphan whose father has died. In the +same manner, ḵĕlekátko stands here as a participle referring +simultaneously to híshuaksh and to snáwedsh wénuitk, and can be +rendered by "_bereaved_". Shashámoks, distr. form of shá-amoks, +is often pronounced sheshámaks. Túmi etc. means, that many others +accompany to the sweat-lodge, into which about six persons can crowd +themselves, bereaved husbands, wives or parents, because the deceased +were related to them. + +586, 7. Shiúlakiank etc. For developing steam the natives collect +only such stones for heating as are neither too large nor too small; +a medium size seeming most appropriate for concentrating the largest +amount of heat. The old sweat-lodges are surrounded with large +accumulations of stones which, to judge from their blackened exterior, +have served the purpose of generating steam; they weigh not over 3 to +5 pounds in the average, and in the vicinity travelers discover many +small cairns, not over four feet high, and others lying in ruins. +The shrubbery around the sudatory is in many localities tied up with +willow wisps and ropes. + +586, 11. Spukli-uápka mā'ntch means that the sweating-process is +repeated many times during the five days of observance; they sweat at +least twice a day. + + * * * * * + + + +A DOG'S REVENGE. + +A DAKOTA FABLE, BY MICHEL RENVILLE. OBTAINED BY REV. S.R. RIGGS. + +Śuŋka|waŋ;| ḳa| wakaŋka |waŋ|waḳiŋ|waŋ|taŋka| hnaka. |Uŋkan + Dog | a; |and|old-woman| a | pack| a |large|laid away.| And + +śuŋka|ḳoŋ| he |sdonya.|Uŋkaŋ|waŋna|haŋyetu,|uŋkaŋ| wakaŋka + dog |the|that| knew. | And | now | night, | and |old-woman + +iśtinman| kećiŋ | ḳa| en | ya: |tuka|wakaŋka|kiŋ|sdonkiye|ć̣a|kiktahaŋ 3 + asleep | he |and|there|went:| but| old |the| knew |and| awake + thought woman + +waŋke,|ć̣a| ite|hdakiŋyaŋ| ape |ć̣a|kićakse,|ć̣a|nina| po, | keyapi. + lay, |and|face| across |struck|and| gashed,|and|much|swelled,|they say. + +Uŋkaŋ|haŋḣaŋna|hehaŋ|śuŋka| tokeća|waŋ| en | hi, |ḳa | okiya | ya. + And | morning| then| dog |another| a |there|came,|and|to-talk-with|went. + +Tuka|pamahdedaŋ| ite| mahen| inina|yaŋka.|Uŋkaŋ|taku| ićante |niśića + But| head-down|face|within|silent| was. | And |what|of-heart|you-bad + +heciŋhaŋ|omakiyaka wo,| eya. |Uŋkaŋ,|Inina|yaŋka wo,|wakaŋka 3 + if | me-tell, |he-said.| And, |still| be-you, |old-woman + +waŋ|teḣiya|omakiḣaŋ do,| eya, | keyapi.|Uŋkaŋ,|Tokeŋ|nićiḣaŋ he,| eya. + a |hardly| me-dealt- |he-said,| they | And, | How | to-thee- |he-said. + with, say. did-she, + +Uŋkaŋ,|Waḳin|waŋ|taŋka| hnaka e |waŋmdake|ć̣a | heoŋ | otpa | awape: + And, | Pack| a |large|she-laid-| I-saw |and|there-|to-go-for|I waited: + away fore + + k̇a|waŋna| haŋ |tehaŋ|k̇ehan,|iśtiŋbe| seća e | en | mde| ć̣a| pa |timaheŋ 6 +and| now |night| far | then,| she- |probably|there| I |and|head|house-in + asleep went + +yewaya, |uŋkaŋ|kiktahaŋ|waŋke| śta | hećamoŋ: | k̇a,| Śi, | de |tukten +I-poked,| and | awake | lay |although|this-I-did:|and,|shoo,|this| where + +yau he,|eye,| ć̣a| itohna| amape, | ć̣a|dećen|iyemayaŋ ce,| eye| ć̣a|kipazo. + you- |she-|and|face-on|smote-me,|and| thus|she-me-left |he- |and|showed + come, said said him. + +Uŋkaŋ,| Huŋhuŋhe! |teḣiya| ećanićoŋ do, | ihomeća |waḳiŋ|kiŋ|uŋtapi 9 + And, |Alas! alas!|hardly|she-did-to-you,|therefore| pack|the|we-eat + +kta ce,|eye | ć̣a,|Mnićiya wo,|eya, |keyapi.|Ito,|Minibozaŋna|kićo wo, + will, |he- |and,| Assemble, | he- | they |Now,| Water-mist| call, + said said, say. + +ka,|Yaksa| taŋiŋ śni |kico wo,|Tahu|waśaka|kico wo,| k̇a,| Taisaŋpena +and| Bite|not manifest| call, |Neck|strong| invite,|and,|His-knife-sharp + off + +kico wo,| eya,| keyapi. |Uŋkaŋ|owasiŋ|wićakićo:| ḳa|waŋna|owasiŋ| en 12 + call, | he- |they-say.| And | all | them-he-|and| now | all |there + said, called: + +hipi|hehaŋ| heya, | keyapi: | Ihopo, | wakaŋka | de |teḣiya|ećakićoŋ će; +came| then|this-he-said,|they-say:|Come-on,|old-woman|this|hardly|dealt-with; + + minihei ć̣iyapo, |haŋyetu|hepiya| waćonića |wakiŋ|waŋ| teḣiŋda | ḳa| on +bestir-yourselves,| night |during|dried-meat| pack| a |she-forbid|and|for + +teḣiya| ećakićoŋ |tuka,| ehaeś|untapi|kta će,| eya, | keyapi. 15 +hardly|dealt-with-him| but,|indeed|we eat| will |he-said,|they say. + +Uŋkaŋ|Minibozaŋna|ećiyapi|ḳoŋ| he |waŋna|maġaźukiye|ć̣a,|aŋpetu + Then| Water-mist| called|the|that| now |rain-made,|and,| day + + oṡaŋ |maġaźu| ećen|otpaza;| ḳa|wakeya|owasiŋ|nina|spaya,|wihutipaspe +all-through|rained|until| dark; |and| tent | all |very| wet, | tent-pin + +olidoka|owasiŋ|taŋyaŋ| ḣpan. |Uŋkaŋ|hehaŋ| Yaksa taŋiŋ śni | wihuti- 18 + holes | all | well |soaked.| And | then|Bite-off-manifest-not|tent-fast- + +paspe |kiŋ|owasiŋ| yakse, |tuka|taŋiŋśni yaŋ| yakse | nakaeś|wakaŋka +enings|the| all |bit-off,| but| slyly |bit-off|so that|old-woman + +kiŋ|sdonkiye|śni.|Uŋkaŋ| Tahuwaśaka|he|waḳiŋ|ḳoŋ| yape |ć̣a|maniŋ- +the| knew |not.| And |Neck-strong|he| pack|the|seized,|and| away + +kiya| yapa iyeya, | ḳa|tehaŋ| eḣpeya. |Hećen|Taisaŋpena|waḳiŋ|ḳoŋ 21 + off| holding-in- |and| far |threw-it.| So |His-knife-| pack|the + mouth-carried sharp + + ćokaya |kiyaksa-iyeya.|Hećeŋ|waḳiŋ|ḳoŋ|haŋyetu|hepiyana| temya- +in-middle| tore-it-open.|Hence| pack|the| night | during |they-ate- + +iyeyapi,| keyapi. +all-up, | they say. + + Hećen |tuwe|wamanoŋ| keś, |saŋpa|iwaḣaŋi ć̣ida|wamanoŋ|waŋ| hduze, 24 +So that| who| steals|although,| more| haughty | thief | a |marries, + + eyapi | eće; | de |huŋkakaŋpi do. +they-say|always;|this| they-fable. + + +NOTES. + +588, 24. This word "hduze" means _to take_ or _hold one's own;_ +and is most commonly applied to a man's taking a wife, or a woman +a husband. Here it may mean either that one who starts in a wicked +course consorts with others "more wicked than himself," or that he +himself grows in the bad and takes hold of the greater forms of +evil--_marries_ himself to the wicked one. + +It will be noted from this specimen of Dakota that there are +some particles in the language which cannot be represented in a +translation. The "do" used at the end of phrases or sentences is +only for emphasis and to round up a period. It belongs mainly to the +language of young men. "Wo" and "po" are the signs of the imperative. + + +TRANSLATION. + +There was a dog; and there was an old woman who had a pack of dried +meat laid away. This the dog knew; and, when he supposed the old woman +was asleep, he went there at night. But the old woman was aware of his +coming and so kept watch, and, as the dog thrust his head under the +tent, she struck him across the face and made a great gash, which +swelled greatly. + +The next morning a companion dog came and attempted to talk with him. +But the dog was sullen and silent. The visitor said: "Tell me what +makes you so heart-sick." To which he replied: "Be still, an old woman +has treated me badly." "What did she do to you?" He answered: "An old +woman had a pack of dried meat; this I saw and went for it; and when +it was now far in the night, and I supposed she was asleep, I went +there and poked my head under the tent. But she was lying awake and +cried out: 'Shoo! what are you doing here?' and struck me on the head +and wounded me as you see." + +Whereupon the other dog said: "Alas! Alas! she has treated you +badly, verily we will eat up her pack of meat. Call an assembly: +call _Water-mist_ (i.e., rain); call _Bite-off-silently_; call +_Strong-neck_; call _Sharp-knife_." So he invited them all. And when +they had all arrived, he said: "Come on! an old woman has treated this +friend badly; bestir yourselves; before the night is past, the pack of +dried meat which she prizes so much, and on account of which she has +thus dealt with our friend, that we will eat all up". + +Then the one who is called _Rain-mist_ caused it to rain, and it +rained all the day through until dark; and the tent was all drenched, +and the holes of the tent-pins were thoroughly softened. Then +_Bite-off-silently_ bit off all the lower tent-fastenings, but +he did it so quietly that the old woman knew nothing of it. Then +_Strong-neck_ came and seized the pack with his mouth, and carried it +far away. Whereupon _Sharp-knife_ came and ripped the pack through the +middle; and so, while it was yet night, they ate up the old woman's +pack of dried meat. + +_Moral_.--A common thief becomes worse and worse by attaching himself +to more daring companions. This is the myth. + + +INDEX. + + Conjurers' practice 583 + Dog's revenge, a Dakota fable 587 + Omaha myth 581 + Revenge, A dog's; a Dakota fable 587 + Sweat lodges 586 + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Illustration Of The Method Of +Recording Indian Languages, by J.O. Dorsey, A.S. Gatschet, and S.R. 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Thus, we do not necessarily +keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. + + +Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: + + https://www.gutenberg.org + +This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, +including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary +Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to +subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. diff --git a/17042-0.zip b/17042-0.zip Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..5e853f9 --- /dev/null +++ b/17042-0.zip diff --git a/17042-8.txt b/17042-8.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f35ce51 --- /dev/null +++ b/17042-8.txt @@ -0,0 +1,1246 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Illustration Of The Method Of Recording +Indian Languages, by J.O. Dorsey, A.S. Gatschet, and S.R. Riggs + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Illustration Of The Method Of Recording Indian Languages + From the First Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology, + Smithsonian Institution + +Author: J.O. Dorsey, A.S. Gatschet, and S.R. Riggs + +Release Date: November 11, 2005 [EBook #17042] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK INDIAN LANGUAGE *** + + + + +Produced by Carlo Traverso, William Flis, and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net + + + + + +Transcriber's note: The following symbols are used to represent +special characters: + [n] = raised (superscript) "n" + [t] = turned (inverted) "t" + [k] = turned "k" + [K] = turned "K" + [T] = turned "T" + [k=] = "k" with inferior macron + [k.] = "k" with inferior dot + [=x] = any letter "x" with superior macron + [)x] = any letter "x" with superior breve + [/x] = any letter "x" with acute accent + [.x] = any letter "x" with superior dot + [/c.] = "c" with acute accent and inferior dot + [ng] = lower-case "eng" character + [x] = Greek letter chi + ['] = single (curly) closing quote + + + * * * * * + +SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION--BUREAU OF ETHNOLOGY. + +J.W. POWELL, DIRECTOR. + + * * * * * + +ILLUSTRATION OF THE METHOD + +OF + +RECORDING INDIAN LANGUAGES. + + * * * * * + +FROM THE MANUSCRIPTS OF MESSRS. J.O. DORSEY, A.S. GATSCHET, AND S.R. +RIGGS. + + * * * * * + + + + +ILLUSTRATION OF THE METHOD OF RECORDING INDIAN LANGUAGES. + + +HOW THE RABBIT CAUGHT THE SUN IN A TRAP. + +AN OMAHA MYTH, OBTAINED FROM F. LAFLCHE BY J. OWEN DORSEY. + +Egie |mactci'ge| ak | i[k]a[n]' | ik |en-qtci|[t]ige| jgig-biam. +It came| rabbit | the | his |the st.| only | dwelt |with his| they +to pass| | sub.|grandmother| ob. | | | own,| say. + +K[)i]|ha[n]'ega[n]tc[)e]'-qtci-hna[n]'|`bae | ah-biam. | + And | morning very habit- |hunting|went thither| + | ually | | they say. | + + |Ha[n]ega[n]tc[)e]'-qtci| a-bi + | morning very|went, they + | | say + +ct[)e]wa[n]'|nkaci[n]ga|wi[n]'| s |sned[)e]'-qti-hna[n]|sge|a-bitam.| + notwith- | person | one |foot| long very as a |trail| had gone, + standing rule they say. + + |K[)i]| baha[n] 3 + | And | to know + him + +ga[n]-biam.|Naci[n]ga|i[n]' |[)i][n]'ta[n]|wta[n]i[n]|b | t | mike,| + wished | Person |the mv.| now | I-first |I go|will| I who,| + they say. ob. + + | ega[n]-biam. + |thought they say. + +Ha[n]'ega[n]c[)e]'-qtci|pha[n]-bi|ega[n]'|a-biam.|C[)i]|gie |nkaci[n]ga| + Morning very| arose |having |went they |Again| it | person | + they say say. happened + + | am + |the mv. sub. + +sge|a-bitam.| gie | ak-biam. | G-biam: |[k]a[n]h,| +trail| had gone, |It came| he reached |Said as follows,| grand- | + they say. to pass home they say. they say: mother, + + |wta[n]i[n]|b 6 + | I-first |I go + +a[k]daxe |ct[)e]wa[n]'|nkaci[n]ga |w[n]'| a[n]'aqai |aa te a[n]'.| + I make | in spite | person | one | getting | he has gone. | +for myself of it ahead of me + + |[K]a[n]h,| u[k]a[n]e + | Grand- | snare + mother + +dxe| t |minke,|k[)i]|bze | t |mike|h[)a].|ta[n]|ja[n]'|tada[n]',|-biam + I |will|I who,| and |I take|will|I who| . | Why | you | should? | said, +make| him do it they say + it + +wa`jiga|aka.|Naci[n]ga| it'ab|h[)a],|-biam.|K[)i]|mactci'ge|a- 9 +old woman|the | Person |I hate him| . | said, | And | rabbit |went + sub. they say. + +biam.| A-bi |[k][)i]|c[)i]|sge|tam. |[K][)i]|ha[n]'|t[)e]| ipe | + they |Went they| when |again|trail|had gone.| And |night | the |waiting| + say. say for + + |ja[n]'-biam. + |lay they say. + +Man'd[)e]-[k]a[n]|a[n]|uknacke|gax-biam,|k[)i]|sge| -hna[n]|t[)e]| + bow string | the | noose |he made it | and |trail| went | the | + ob. they say, habitually + + |[)e]'di|ia[n]'a- + | there | he put it + +biam.| gie |ha[n]'+ega[n]-tc[)e]'-qtci|u[k]a[n]e|a[n]| gi[t]a[n]'be| + they |It came| morning very| snare | the | to see | + say. to pass ob. his own + + |ah-biam.| gie 12 + | arrived |It came + they say. to pass + +mi[n]'| a[n] |iz | akma. |Ta[n]'i[n]-qtci| u | ag-biam. | + sun |the cv.|taken| he had,| Running very|to tell|went homeward,| + ob. they say. they say. + + |[K]a[n]h|[)i]ndda[n] + | Grand- | what + mother. + +i[n]te| bze |dega[n]|a[n]'baaze-hna[n]'|h[)a],| -biam.|[K]a[n]h,| +it may |I took | but | me it habitually| . |said they| Grand- | + be scared say. mother, + + |man'de-[k]a[n]| a[n] + | bow string |the ob. + +agze |ka[n]bddega[n]|a[n]'baaze-hna[n]'i|h[)a],| -biam.|Mhi[n]| +I took | I wished, but | me it habitually| . |said they| Knife | +my own scared say. + + |ai[n]'-bi|ega[n]' 15 + | had they | having + say + +[)e]'di|a-biam.|K[)i]|eca[n]'-qtci|ah-biam.|Pj[)i]|ckxe.|Eta[n]|ga[n] + there |went, they| And |near very| arrived | Bad | you | Why | so + say. they say. did. + +ckxe|[)a].|[)E]'di|g-ada[n]'|i[n]ick-g[)a]|h[)a],| -biam |mi[n]'|ak.| + you | ? |Hither | come and |for me untie it| , |said, they| sun |the | + did say sub. + + |Mactci'ge + | Rabbit + +ak |[)e]'di| a-bi |ct[)e]wa[n]'|na[n]'pa-bi|ega[n]'| hbe | he | +the | there | went | notwith- |feared they| having|partly|passed| +sub. they say standing say by + + |a-hna[n]'-biam.|K[)i] 3 + | went habitually | And + they say. + +[k]u`[)e]'| a-bi |ega[n]'| msa-biam |man'd[)e]-[k]a[n]|a[n]'.|Ga'ki| + rushed |went they|having |cut with they| bow string | the | And | + say a knife say ob. + + |mi[n]'| a[n] |ma[n]'- + | sun |the cv.| on + ob. + +ciha|ia-biam.|K[)i]|mactci'ge|ak | b[k]u |hi[n]'|a[n]| nzi-biam +high |had they | And | Rabbit |the | space bet. | hair | the | burnt they + gone, say. sub. the shoulders ob. yellow say + + nakad-bi|ega[n]'.|(Mactci'ge|am| ak-biam.) |[)I]tcitci+,|[k]a[n]h, 6 +it was hot | having.| (Rabbit |the|reached home,| Itcitci+!! | grand- +on it, they mv. they say.) mother, + say sub. + + nakad-bi |ega[n]'.|(Mactci'ge| am | ak-biam.) |[)I]tcitci+,| +it was hot on| having.| (Rabbit |the mv.|reached home,| Itcitci+!! | +it, they say sub. they say.) + + |[k]a[n]h, 6 + | grand- + mother, + +nig[)e]-qti-ma[n]'|h[)a],| -biam.|[T]cpaa[n]+,| +burnt to very I am | -- |said, they| Grandchild!! | + nothing say.\ + + | i[n]'naig[)e]'-qti-ma[n]'|eska[n]'+, + |burnt to nothing very I am | I think, + for me + + -biam. |Ceta[n]'. +said, they say.| So far. + + +NOTES. + +581, 1. Mactcige, the Rabbit, or Sie-maka[n] (meaning uncertain), is +the hero of numerous myths of several tribes. He is the deliverer of +mankind from different tyrants. One of his opponents is Ictinike, the +maker of this world, according to the Iowas. The Rabbit's grandmother +is Mother Earth, who calls mankind her children. + +581, 7. aai te a[n]. The conclusion of this sentence seems odd to the +collector, but its translation given with this myth is that furnished +by the Indian informant. + +581, 12. ha[n]+ega[n]tc[)e]-qtci, "ve--ry early in the morning." The +prolongation of the first syllable adds to the force of the adverb +"qtci," _very_. + +582, 3. hebe ihe ae-hna[n]-biama. The Rabbit tried to obey the Sun; +but each time that he attempted it, he was so much afraid of him that +he passed by a little to one side. He could not go directly to him. + +582, 4. 5. ma[n]ciaha aiaa-biama. When the Rabbit rushed forward with +bowed head, and cut the bow-string, the Sun's departure was so rapid +that "he had _already_ gone on high." + + +ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THIS MYTH. + + cv. curvilinear. + mv. moving. + st. sitting. + sub. subject. + ob. object. + + +TRANSLATION. + +Once upon a time the Rabbit dwelt in a lodge with no one but his +grandmother. And it was his custom to go hunting very early in the +morning. No matter how early in the morning he went, a person with +very long feet had been along, leaving a trail. And he (the Rabbit), +wished to know him. "Now," thought he, "I will go in advance of the +person." Having arisen very early in the morning, he departed. Again +it happened that the person had been along, leaving a trail. Then he +(the Rabbit) went home. Said he, "Grandmother, though I arrange for +myself to go first, a person anticipates me (every time). Grandmother, +I will make a snare and catch him." "Why should you do it?" said she. +"I hate the person," he said. And the Rabbit departed. When he went, +the foot-prints had been along again. And he lay waiting for night (to +come). And he made a noose of a bow-string, putting it in the place +where the foot-prints used to be seen. And he reached there very early +in the morning for the purpose of looking at his trap. And it happened +that he had caught the Sun. Running very fast, he went homeward to +tell it. "Grandmother, I have caught something or other, but it +scares me. Grandmother, I wished to take my bow-string, but I was +scared every time," said he. He went thither with a knife. And he got +very near it. "You have done wrong; why have you done so? Come hither +and untie me," said the Sun. The Rabbit, although he went thither, was +afraid, and kept on passing partly by him (or, continued going by a +little to one side). And making a rush, with his head bent down (and +his arm stretched out), he cut the bow-string with the knife. And the +Sun had already gone on high. And the Rabbit had the hair between his +shoulders scorched yellow, it having been hot upon him (as he stooped +to cut the bow-string). (And the Rabbit arrived at home.) "Itcitci+!! +O grandmother, the heat has left nothing of me," said he. She said, +"Oh! my grandchild! I think that the heat has left nothing of him for +me." (From that time the rabbit has had a singed spot on his back, +between the shoulders.) + + * * * * * + + + + +DETAILS OF A CONJURER'S PRACTICE. + +IN THE KLAMATH LAKE DIALECT. OBTAINED FROM MINNIE FROBEN, BY A.S. +GATSCHET. + +M[k=]laks|shukiuk|kuksash|[k=]-i|g'l[']hi|hnk[)e]lam|ldshashtat,|ndna + Indians |in call-| the | not | enter | his | into lodge,| they + ing conjurer halloo + +sha'hmknok; | kush toks |wn| kiukyank |m'luash|m[']na| kanta| p'sh. +to call (him)|the conjurer|red|hanging out| as sign| his |outside|"of him." + out; fox on a pole + +Kukaks |tch'tanish|gtp[']nank|wigta|tchl[x]a|m[=a]'shipksh.|Ltatkish 3 +Conjurers|when treat-|approaching|close | sit down| the patient. | The + ing by expounder + + wigta |kuksh[)e]sh|tcha[']hlnshna.|Shuyga | kuks, |wwanuish +close to|the conjurer| sits down. | Starts |the conjurer,| females + choruses + +tch[=i]k|winta |liukimnank| nadsh[=a]'shak |tchtchtnshash.| Hnshna + then |join in| crowding | simultaneously |while he treats |He sucks + singing around him (the sick). + +m[=a]'shish|h'nk |hishukshash,| ttktish | 'shkuk, | hantchpka |tc[=i]'k + diseased | that | man, |the disease|to extract,|he sucks out| then + +kukuga,|wishinkga,|m'lkaga,|[k=][k=]o|g'ntak,| khaktok |nnuktua +a small | small | small | bone | after- |whatsoever|anything + frog, snake, insect, wards, + +nshendshkne.|Ts[']'ks|toks| k-usht|tchk[)e]le|tkal; |llp|toks|m[=a]'- 3 + small. | A leg | | being | the (bad) | he |eyes|but | be- + fractured blood extracts; + + shisht |tchk[)e]litat|lg'm|sh'k[)e]lank|[k=]'tua|l'lpat,|k'tash|tchish +ing sore| into blood | coal| mixing | he pours|into the|a louse| too + eyes, + + kshwa | llpat | p'klash|tui[x]mpgatk|lti[x]aktgi gug. +introduces|into the|the white| protruding | for eating out. + eye of eye + +NOTES. + +583, 1. shukia does not mean to "_call on somebody_" generally, but +only "_to call on the conjurer_ or medicine man". + +583, 2. wn stands for wnam n[=i]'l: the fur or skin of a red +or silver fox; kanta p'sh stands for kantana ltchash m'nlam: +"outside of his lodge or cabin". The meaning of the sentence is: they +raise their voices to call him out. Conjurers are in the habit of +fastening a fox-skin outside of their lodges, as a business sign, and +to let it dangle from a rod stuck out in an oblique direction. + +583, 3. tchl[x]a. During the treatment of a patient, who stays in +a winter house, the lodge is often shut up at the top, and the people +sit in a circle inside in utter darkness. + +583, 5. liukimnank. The women and all who take a part in the chorus +usually sit in a circle around the conjurer and his assistant; the +suffix -mna indicates close proximity. Nadsh[=a]'shak qualifies the +verb winta. + +583, 5. tchtchtnshash. The distributive form of tch't[']na refers +to each of the _various_ manipulations performed by the conjurer on +the patient. + +584, 1. m[=a]'shish, shortened from m[=a]shpkash, m[=a]'shipksh, like +[k=]'l'ksh from k[']lkpkash. + +584, 2. 3. There is a stylistic incongruity in using the distributive +form, only in kukuga (ke, _frog_), khaktok, and in nshendshkne +(nshekni, npshkani, tskani, tchk[)e]ni, _small_), while inserting +the absolute form in wishinkga (wshink, _garter-snake_) and in +[k=][k=]o; m'lkaga is more of a generic term and its distributive +form is therefore not in use. + +583, 2. khaktok for k-akt ak; k-akt being the transposed +distributive form kkat, of kt, which, what (pron. relat.). + +584, 4. lg'm. The application of remedial _drugs_ is very unfrequent +in this tribe; and this is one of the reasons why the term "conjurer" +or "shaman" will prove to be a better name for the medicine man than +that of "Indian doctor". + +584, 4. k'tash etc. The conjurer introduces a louse into the eye to +make it eat up the protruding white portion of the sore eye. + + + + +KLAK. + + +THE RELAPSE. + + +IN THE KLAMATH LAKE DIALECT BY DAVE HILL. OBTAINED BY A.S. GATSCHET. + + H | nyns |hissuksas|m[=a]'shitk| klak, |tsi| kuks |n'-ulakta|tchu- +When|another | man | fell sick | as |then| the | concludes| to + relapsed, conjurer + +tnuapkuk.|Tchi|tchta;|tchi|y-uks|huk |shl|klak a g[=e]k.| Tchi + treat | And | he | and |remedy|this|finds|(that) relapsed| Thus + (him). treats; out he. + +huk|shu'sh |spa.|Tsi|n[=a]'sh|shu[=i]'sh|syuaks|h'mtcha klak,|tchi 3 +the|song- |indi-| And| one | song- |having | (that) of the | then + remedy cates. remedy found kind of relapsed + out relapsed (he is), + +nnuk| hk |shu[=i]'sh| tp'wa |h'nksht|kaltchitchkshash|heshuamp[)e]ltki + all |those| remedies |indicate| (that) |the spider | would + him (-remedy) + +gug. | Tchi| h'k|kltchitchiks| y-uka;| ub-us | hk |kltchitchiksam +cure. | Then | the | spider | treats |a piece of| | of the spider + him; deer-skin + +tchut[)e]n[=o]'tkish.|Tsi| hkantka|ub-ustka|tchut;|ttktak | huk 6 +(is) the curing-tool.|Then| by means|deer-skin| he |just the | that + of that treats |size of + (him); the spot + + klak |m[=a]'sha,| g'tak| ub-ush|kt'shka| t'tak |huk|m[=a]'sha.|Tsi|hk +relapse| is |so much|of deer-| he cuts|as where| he| is |Then| + infected, skin out suffering. + +kltchitchiks| siunta |n'ds[k=]ank| h'nk| ub-nsh. |Tch'yuk| p'lata +the "spider" |is started| while | that |skin piece.| And he | over it + song applying + + ntatka | sktash, |tsi | sha|h'nk|ud'pka| hn'shishtka,| tsi |h'k 9 + he |a blanket,| and |they| it | strike|with conjurer's| then | it +stretches arrows, + +gut'ga|tsul'kshtat;|g'tsa| l'p |kiatga,|tsi|tsul[=e]'ks|[k=]'lk,|tchi +enters | into the |a par-|firstly| enters,|then| (it) body | becomes, | and + body; ticle + +at |pushpshuk|shl[=e]'sh | hk |ub-ush.|Tsi|m[=a]'ns|tnk[)e]ni ak|watash +now| dark it |to look at | that|skin- |Then| after |after so and | days + piece. a while so many + +h'k|pshpshli at|m[=a]'ns=gtk|tsul'ks=sitk|shl'sh.| Ts|n|syuakta; 12 +that|black (thing)| at last | (is) flesh- |to look |Thus|I | am + like at. informed; + +tmi |h'nk| shyuakta | h'masht=gsht | tchut[=i]'sht;| tsyuk | tsshni +many | | know | (that) in | were effected | and he | always + men this manner cures; then + + w'mp[)e]le. +was well again. + + +NOTES. + +585, 1. nyns hissuksas: another man than the conjurers of the +tribe. The objective case shows that m[=a]'shitk has to be regarded +here as the participle of an impersonal verb: m[=a]'sha nsh, and +m[=a]'sha n, it ails me, I am sick. + +585, 2. y-uks is remedy in general, spiritual as well as material. +Here a tamnuash song is meant by it, which, when sung by the +conjurer, will furnish him the certainty if his patient is a relapse +or not. There are several of these medicine-songs, but all of them +(nnuk h'k shu[=i]'sh) when consulted point out the spider-medicine +as the one to apply in this case. The spider's curing-instrument is +that small piece of buckskin (ub-ush) which has to be inserted under +the patient's skin. It is called the spider's medicine because the +spider-song is sung during its application. + +585, 10. gut'ga. The whole operation is concealed from the eyes of +spectators by a skin or blanket stretched over the patient and the +hands of the operator. + +585, 10. kiatga. The buckskin piece has an oblong or longitudinal +shape in most instances, and it is passed under the skin sideways and +very gradually. + +585, 11. tnk[)e]ni ak watash. Dave Hill gave as an approximate limit +five days' time. + + * * * * * + + + +SWEAT-LODGES. + + +IN THE KLAMATH LAKE DIALECT BY MINNIE FROBEN. OBTAINED BY A.S. +GATSCHET. + +-ukshkni| lpa |sp'klish|gtko.|[K=][k=]iuk |[k=][)e]lekapkash|sp'klishla +The lake | two | sweat- |have. |To weep over | the deceased |they build + people (kinds lodges sweat-lodges + of) + +ypank | kla; | stutlantko| sp'klish, | kla|waltchtko.|Sp'klish a +digging|the ground;| are roofed | (these) | with | covered. | (Another) + up sweat-lodges earth sweat-lodge + +sha |sh'ta | ku-utch, |ktchikan[']sh|stinga=shtko;|sk'tash a|wldsha 3 +they| build |of willows,| a little | cabin looking | blankets | they + like spread + + sp'klishtat |tatatk s[)e]|spukli.|Ttataks a h'nk| was |lla,|tattaks + over the | when in it | sweat. | Whenever |children|died,| or when +sweating-lodge they + +a hshuaksh|tchm[)e]na,|snwedsh|wnuitk,|[k=]'[k=]i|[k=][)e]lektko,| + a husband | became |(or) the| (is) | they weep | for cause | + widower, wife |widowed, of death + + |sp'klitcha + |go sweating + +tmi |shashmoks=llatko;|tnepni|watash|tchk| sa |h'uk|sp'klia. 6 +many | relatives who | five | days | then|they| | sweat. + have lost + +Shilakiank a| sha| kti | hyuka |skoilakupkuk;|htoks| kti |[k=]-i tat + Gathering |they|stones| (they) | to heap them | those|stones| never + heat (them) up (after use); + +spukli't[']hu[=i]sh.|Spklish|lp[)i]a| hyuka; |[k=]lpka a| t, | + having been used | Sweat |in front|they heat| heated |when,| + for sweating lodge of (them); (being) + + | lhiat |tui, + | they bring | at + (them) inside|once, + +[k=]dshna ai| | mbu,|kliulla.|Sp'kli|a sha|tm[)e]ni|"hours";| + pour | on |water,|sprinkle.| Sweat |then | several | hours; | + them they + + |[k=]lpkuk 9 + |being quite + warmed up + +gka |shualkltchuk |pniak|[k=][=o]'[k=]s|ppe-udshak|wagatat,| +they |(and) to cool |with- | dress |only to go | in a | +leave|themselves off| out bathing spring, + + |[k=][k=]etat,|-ush + | river, | lake + +wigta.|Spukli-upka|m[=a]'ntch.| Shptuok | i-akwa | kpka, |sk'tawia +close | They will | for long |To make them-|they bend| young |(they) tie + by. sweat hours. selves strong down pinetrees together + +sha | wwakag | kn'kstga.| Ndshitchatka | kn'ks a|sha |shshata. 12 +they| small |with ropes.|Of (willow-)bark|the ropes|they| make. + brushwood + +Gtpamp[)e]lank| shkoshk'l[x]a|ktktiag| h'shkankok |[k=][)e]lekpkash,| + On going home | they heap up | small |in remembrance| of the dead, | + into cairns stones + + | kt-i + |stones + +shshuankaptcha | 'hiank. + of equal size | selecting. + + +NOTES. + +No Klamath or Modoc sweat-lodge can be properly called a +sweat-_house_, as is the custom throughout the West. One kind of these +lodges, intended for the use of mourners only, are solid structures, +almost underground; three of them are now in existence, all believed +to be the gift of the principal national deity. Sudatories of the +other kind are found near every Indian lodge, and consist of a few +willow-rods stuck into the ground, both ends being bent over. The +process gone through while sweating is the same in both kinds of +lodges, with the only difference as to time. The ceremonies mentioned +4-13. all refer to sweating in the mourners' sweat-lodges. The +sudatories of the Oregonians have no analogy with the _estufas_ of +the Pueblo Indians of New Mexico, as far as their construction is +concerned. + +586, 1. lpa sp'klish, two sweat-lodges, stands for two _kinds_ of +sweat-lodges. + +586, 5. shashmoks=llatko forms _one_ compound word: one who, or: +those who have lost relatives by death; cf. ptsh=llsh, pgsh=llsh; +hishukga ptsh=llatk, male orphan whose father has died. In the +same manner, [k=][)e]lektko stands here as a participle referring +simultaneously to hshuaksh and to snwedsh wnuitk, and can be +rendered by "_bereaved_". Shashmoks, distr. form of sh-amoks, +is often pronounced sheshmaks. Tmi etc. means, that many others +accompany to the sweat-lodge, into which about six persons can crowd +themselves, bereaved husbands, wives or parents, because the deceased +were related to them. + +586, 7. Shilakiank etc. For developing steam the natives collect +only such stones for heating as are neither too large nor too small; +a medium size seeming most appropriate for concentrating the largest +amount of heat. The old sweat-lodges are surrounded with large +accumulations of stones which, to judge from their blackened exterior, +have served the purpose of generating steam; they weigh not over 3 to +5 pounds in the average, and in the vicinity travelers discover many +small cairns, not over four feet high, and others lying in ruins. +The shrubbery around the sudatory is in many localities tied up with +willow wisps and ropes. + +586, 11. Spukli-upka m[=a]'ntch means that the sweating-process is +repeated many times during the five days of observance; they sweat at +least twice a day. + + * * * * * + + + +A DOG'S REVENGE. + +A DAKOTA FABLE, BY MICHEL RENVILLE. OBTAINED BY REV. S.R. RIGGS. + +[/S]u[ng]ka|wa[ng];|[k.]a |waka[ng]ka |wa[ng]|wa[k.]i[ng]|wa[ng]| + Dog | a; | and | old-woman | a | pack | a | + + |ta[ng]ka| hnaka. |U[ng]kan + | large |laid away.| And + +[/s]u[ng]ka|[k.]o[ng]| he |sdonya.|U[ng]ka[ng]|wa[ng]na|ha[ng]yetu,| + dog | the |that| knew. | And | now | night, | + + |u[ng]ka[ng]|waka[ng]ka + | and | old-woman + +i[/s]tinman|ke[/c]i[ng]|[k.]a| en | ya: |tuka|waka[ng]ka|ki[ng]|sdonkiye| + asleep | he thought| and |there|went:| but| old woman| the | knew | + + |[/c.]a|kiktaha[ng] 3 + | and | awake + +wa[ng]ke,|[/c.]a| ite |hdaki[ng]ya[ng]| ape |[/c.]a|ki[/c]akse,|[/c.]a| + lay, | and |face | across |struck| and | gashed, | and | + + |nina| po, | keyapi. + |much|swelled,|they say. + +U[ng]ka[ng]|ha[ng][.h]a[ng]na|heha[ng]|[/s]u[ng]ka|toke[/c]a|wa[ng]| en | + And | morning | then | dog | another | a |there| + + | hi, |[k.]a| okiya | ya. + |came,| and |to-talk-with|went. + +Tuka|pamahdeda[ng]| ite| mahen| inina|ya[ng]ka.|U[ng]ka[ng]|taku| + But| head-down |face|within|silent| was. | And |what| + + |i[/c]ante|ni[/s]i[/c]a + | of-heart| you-bad + +heci[ng]ha[ng]|omakiyaka wo,| eya. |U[ng]ka[ng],|Inina |ya[ng]ka wo,| + if | me-tell, |he-said.| And, |still | be-you, | + + |waka[ng]ka 3 + | old-woman + +wa[ng]|te[.h]iya|omaki[.h]a[ng] do,| eya, | keyapi. |U[ng]ka[ng],| + a | hardly | me-dealt-with, |he-said,|they say.| And, | + + |Toke[ng]|ni[/c]i[.h]a[ng] he,| eya. + | How | to-thee-did-she, |he-said. + +U[ng]ka[ng],|Wa[k.]in| wa[ng]|ta[ng]ka| hnaka e |wa[ng]mdake|[/c.]a| + And, | Pack | a | large |she-laid-away| I-saw | and | + + | heo[ng] | otpa | awape: + |therefore|to-go-for|I waited: + +[.k]a|wa[ng]na|ha[ng]|teha[ng]|[.k]ehan,|i[/s]ti[ng]be|se[/c]a e| en | + and | now |night | far | then, | she-asleep | probably|there| + + | mde |[/c.]a| pa |timahe[ng] 6 + |I went| and |head| house-in + +yewaya, |u[ng]ka[ng]|kiktaha[ng]|wa[ng]ke| [/s]ta |he[/c]amo[ng]:|[.k]a,| +I-poked,| and | awake | lay |although| this-I-did: | and, | + + |[/S]i,| de |tukten + | shoo,|this| where + + yau he, | eye, |[/c.]a| itohna| amape, |[/c.]a|de[/c]en| +you-come,|she-said,| and |face-on|smote-me,| and | thus | + + |iyemaya[ng] ce,| eye |[/c.]a| kipazo. + | she-me-left |he-said| and |showed-him. + +U[ng]ka[ng],|Hu[ng]hu[ng]he!|te[.h]iya|e[/c]ani[/c]o[ng] do,|ihome[/c]a| + And, | Alas! alas! | hardly | she-did-to-you, |therefore | + + |wa[k.]i[ng]|ki[ng]|u[ng]tapi 9 + | pack | the | we-eat + +kta ce,|eye |[/c.]a,|Mni[/c]iya wo,|eya, |keyapi.|Ito,|Miniboza[ng]na| + will, |he- | and, | Assemble, | he- | they |Now,| Water-mist | + said said, say. + + |ki[/c]o wo, + | call, + +ka,|Yaksa|ta[ng]i[ng] [/s]ni|kico wo,|Tahu|wa[/s]aka|kico wo,|[.k]a,| +and| Bite| not manifest | call, |Neck| strong | invite,| and, | + off + + | Taisa[ng]pena + |His-knife-sharp + +kico wo,| eya, | keyapi. |U[ng]ka[ng]|owasi[ng]|wi[/c]aki[/c]o:|[k.]a| + call, |he-said,|they-say.| And | all |them-he-called:| and | + + |wa[ng]na|owasi[ng]| en 12 + | now | all |there + +hipi|heha[ng]| heya, | keyapi: | Ihopo, |waka[ng]ka| de |te[.h]iya| +came| then |this-he-said,|they-say:|Come-on,| old-woman|this| hardly | + + |e[/c]aki[/c]o[ng] [/c]e; + | dealt-with; + +minihei[/c.]iyapo,|ha[ng]yetu|hepiya|wa[/c]oni[/c]a|waki[ng]|wa[ng]| +bestir-yourselves,| night |during| dried-meat | pack | a | + + |te[.h]i[ng]da|[k.]a| on + | she-forbid | and | for + +te[.h]iya|e[/c]aki[/c]o[ng]|tuka,|ehae[/s]|untapi|kta [/c]e,| eya, | + hardly | dealt-with-him | but,| indeed |we eat|will |he-said,| + + | keyapi. 15 + |they say. + +U[ng]ka[ng]|Miniboza[ng]na|e[/c]iyapi|[k.]o[ng]| he |wa[ng]na| + Then | Water-mist | called | the |that| now | + + |ma[.g]a[/z]ukiye|[/c.]a,|a[ng]petu + | rain-made, | and, | day + + o[.s]a[ng]|ma[.g]a[/z]u|e[/c]en|otpaza;|[k.]a|wakeya|owasi[ng]| +all-through| rained | until | dark; | and | tent | all | + + | nina |spaya,|wihutipaspe + | very | wet, | tent-pin + +olidoka|owasi[ng]|ta[ng]ya[ng]|[.h]pan.|U[ng]ka[ng]|heha[ng]| + holes | all | well |soaked. | And | then | + + |Yaksa ta[ng]i[ng] [/s]ni| wihuti- 18 + | Bite-off-manifest-not | tent-fast- + +paspe |ki[ng]|owasi[ng]| yakse, |tuka |ta[ng]i[ng][/s]ni ya[ng]| +enings| the | all |bit-off,| but | slyly | + + | yakse |nakae[/s]|waka[ng]ka + |bit-off| so that | old-woman + +ki[ng]|sdonkiye|[/s]ni.|U[ng]ka[ng]|Tahuwa[/s]aka| he |wa[k.]i[ng]| + the | knew | not. | And | Neck-strong | he | pack | + + |[k.]o[ng]| yape |[/c.]a|mani[ng]-| + | the |seized,| and | away | + +kiya | yapa iyeya, |[k.]a|teha[ng]|e[.h]peya. |He[/c]en|Taisa[ng]pena| + off | holding-in- | and | far | threw-it. | So | His-knife- | + mouth-carried sharp + + |wa[k.]i[ng]|[k.]o[ng] 21 + | pack | the + +[/c]okaya |kiyaksa-iyeya.|He[/c]e[ng]|wa[k.]i[ng]|[k.]o[ng]|ha[ng]yetu| +in-middle | tore-it-open.| Hence | pack | the | night | + + |hepiyana| temya- + | during |they-ate- + +iyeyapi,| keyapi. +all-up, | they say. + +He[/c]en|tuwe|wamano[ng]| ke[/s], |sa[ng]pa|iwa[.h]a[ng]i[/c.]ida| +So that | who| steals |although,| more | haughty | + + |wamano[ng]|wa[ng]| hduze, 24 + | thief | a |marries, + + eyapi | e[/c]e; | de |hu[ng]kaka[ng]pi do. +they-say| always; | this | they-fable. + + +NOTES. + +588, 24. This word "hduze" means _to take_ or _hold one's own;_ +and is most commonly applied to a man's taking a wife, or a woman +a husband. Here it may mean either that one who starts in a wicked +course consorts with others "more wicked than himself," or that he +himself grows in the bad and takes hold of the greater forms of +evil--_marries_ himself to the wicked one. + +It will be noted from this specimen of Dakota that there are +some particles in the language which cannot be represented in a +translation. The "do" used at the end of phrases or sentences is +only for emphasis and to round up a period. It belongs mainly to the +language of young men. "Wo" and "po" are the signs of the imperative. + + +TRANSLATION. + +There was a dog; and there was an old woman who had a pack of dried +meat laid away. This the dog knew; and, when he supposed the old woman +was asleep, he went there at night. But the old woman was aware of his +coming and so kept watch, and, as the dog thrust his head under the +tent, she struck him across the face and made a great gash, which +swelled greatly. + +The next morning a companion dog came and attempted to talk with him. +But the dog was sullen and silent. The visitor said: "Tell me what +makes you so heart-sick." To which he replied: "Be still, an old woman +has treated me badly." "What did she do to you?" He answered: "An old +woman had a pack of dried meat; this I saw and went for it; and when +it was now far in the night, and I supposed she was asleep, I went +there and poked my head under the tent. But she was lying awake and +cried out: 'Shoo! what are you doing here?' and struck me on the head +and wounded me as you see." + +Whereupon the other dog said: "Alas! Alas! she has treated you +badly, verily we will eat up her pack of meat. Call an assembly: +call _Water-mist_ (i.e., rain); call _Bite-off-silently_; call +_Strong-neck_; call _Sharp-knife_." So he invited them all. And when +they had all arrived, he said: "Come on! an old woman has treated this +friend badly; bestir yourselves; before the night is past, the pack of +dried meat which she prizes so much, and on account of which she has +thus dealt with our friend, that we will eat all up". + +Then the one who is called _Rain-mist_ caused it to rain, and it +rained all the day through until dark; and the tent was all drenched, +and the holes of the tent-pins were thoroughly softened. Then +_Bite-off-silently_ bit off all the lower tent-fastenings, but +he did it so quietly that the old woman knew nothing of it. Then +_Strong-neck_ came and seized the pack with his mouth, and carried it +far away. Whereupon _Sharp-knife_ came and ripped the pack through the +middle; and so, while it was yet night, they ate up the old woman's +pack of dried meat. + +_Moral_.--A common thief becomes worse and worse by attaching himself +to more daring companions. This is the myth. + + +INDEX. + + Conjurers' practice 583 + Dog's revenge, a Dakota fable 587 + Omaha myth 581 + Revenge, A dog's; a Dakota fable 587 + Sweat lodges 586 + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Illustration Of The Method Of +Recording Indian Languages, by J.O. Dorsey, A.S. Gatschet, and S.R. 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Thus, we do not necessarily +keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. + + +Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: + + https://www.gutenberg.org + +This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, +including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary +Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to +subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. diff --git a/17042-8.zip b/17042-8.zip Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..8a5334f --- /dev/null +++ b/17042-8.zip diff --git a/17042-h.zip b/17042-h.zip Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..a16a3c7 --- /dev/null +++ b/17042-h.zip diff --git a/17042-h/17042-h.htm b/17042-h/17042-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..22ae576 --- /dev/null +++ b/17042-h/17042-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,1179 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> + +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> +<head> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" /> + + <title>Illustration of the Method of Recording Indian Languages.</title> + + <style type="text/css"> + <!-- + body {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%;} + p {text-align: justify;} + blockquote {text-align: justify;} + h1,h2,h3,h4 {text-align: center;} + h5,h6 {text-align: left;} + pre {font-size: 0.7em;} + .sc {font-variant: small-caps;} + + hr {text-align: center; width: 50%;} + html>body hr {margin-right: 25%; margin-left: 25%; width: 50%;} + hr.full {width: 100%;} + html>body hr.full {margin-right: 0%; margin-left: 0%; width: 100%;} + hr.short {text-align: center; width: 20%;} + html>body hr.short {margin-right: 40%; margin-left: 40%; width: 20%;} + + span.pagenum + {position: absolute; left: 1%; right: 91%; font-size: 8pt;} + + .poem + {margin-left:10%; margin-right:10%; margin-bottom: 1em; text-align: left;} + .poem .stanza {margin: 1em 0em 1em 0em;} + .poem p {margin: 0; padding-left: 3em; text-indent: -3em;} + .poem p.i2 {margin-left: 1em;} + .poem p.i4 {margin-left: 2em;} + .poem p.i6 {margin-left: 3em;} + .poem p.i8 {margin-left: 4em;} + .poem p.i10 {margin-left: 5em;} + + tr.eng {font-size: 90%; text-align: center; vertical-align: top;} + tr.ind {text-align: center; vertical-align: top;} + td {padding: 0 2px 0 2px;} + + div.trans-note {border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; + margin: 3em 15%; padding: 1em; text-align: left;} + --> + </style> +</head> +<body> + + +<pre> + +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Illustration Of The Method Of Recording +Indian Languages, by J.O. Dorsey, A.S. Gatschet, and S.R. Riggs + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Illustration Of The Method Of Recording Indian Languages + From the First Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology, + Smithsonian Institution + +Author: J.O. Dorsey, A.S. Gatschet, and S.R. Riggs + +Release Date: November 11, 2005 [EBook #17042] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK INDIAN LANGUAGE *** + + + + +Produced by Carlo Traverso, William Flis, and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net + + + + + + +</pre> + + <div class="trans-note"> +Transcriber's note: The following notations are used to represent special characters:<br /> + [K] = turned (inverted) "K"<br /> + [T] = turned "T" + </div> + +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page579" id="page579"></a>[pg 579]</span> + +<hr /> + +<h3>SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION—BUREAU OF ETHNOLOGY.</h3> + +<h4>J.W. POWELL, DIRECTOR.</h4> + +<hr /> + +<h2>ILLUSTRATION OF THE METHOD</h2> + +<h4>OF</h4> + +<h1>RECORDING INDIAN LANGUAGES.</h1> + +<hr /> + +<h4>FROM THE MANUSCRIPTS OF MESSRS. J.O. DORSEY, A.S. GATSCHET, +AND S.R. RIGGS.</h4> + +<hr /> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page580" id="page580"></a></span> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page581" id="page581"></a>[pg 581]</span> + + +<h2>HOW THE RABBIT CAUGHT THE SUN IN A TRAP.</h2> + +<h3 class="sc">An Omaha Myth, obtained from F. LaFlèche by J. Owen Dorsey.</h3> + +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">Egi¢e </td><td align="center"> mactciñ'ge </td><td align="center"> aká </td><td align="center"> iʞaⁿ' </td><td align="center"> ¢iñké </td><td align="center"> ená-qtci </td><td align="center"> ʇig¢e </td><td align="right"> júgig¢á</td><td align="left">-biamá. </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">It came<br />to pass </td><td align="center"> rabbit </td><td align="center"> the<br />sub. </td><td align="center"> his<br />grandmother </td><td align="center"> the st.<br />ob. </td><td align="center"> only </td><td align="center"> dwelt </td><td align="right"> with his<br />own,</td><td align="left"> they say. </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">Kĭ </td><td align="right"> haⁿ'egaⁿtcĕ'-</td><td align="left">qtci</td><td align="left">-hnaⁿ' </td><td align="center"> `ábae </td><td align="right"> ahí</td><td align="left">-biamá. </td><td align="right"> Haⁿegaⁿtcĕ'</td><td align="left">-qtci </td><td align="right"> a¢á</td><td align="left">-bi </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">And </td><td align="right"> morning </td><td align="left"> very </td><td align="left"> habitually </td><td align="center"> hunting </td><td align="right"> went<br />thither </td><td align="left"> they say. </td><td align="center"> morning </td><td align="center"> very </td><td align="right"> went,</td><td align="left">they<br />say</td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">ctĕwaⁿ' </td><td align="center"> níkaciⁿga </td><td align="center"> wiⁿ' </td><td align="center"> sí </td><td align="right"> snedĕ'</td><td align="left">-qti</td><td align="center">-hnaⁿ </td><td align="center"> síg¢e </td><td align="center"> a¢á-bitéamá. </td><td align="center"> Kĭ </td><td align="center"> íbahaⁿ </td><td> 3</td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">notwith-<br />standing </td><td align="center"> person </td><td align="center"> one </td><td align="center"> foot </td><td align="right"> long </td><td align="left"> very </td><td align="center"> as a rule </td><td align="center"> trail </td><td align="center"> had gone, they say. </td><td align="center"> And </td><td align="center"> to know<br />him </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="right">gaⁿ¢á</td><td align="left">-biamá. </td><td align="center"> Níaciⁿga </td><td align="center"> ¢iⁿ' </td><td align="center"> ĭⁿ'taⁿ </td><td align="center"> wítaⁿ¢iⁿ </td><td align="center"> b¢é </td><td align="center"> tá </td><td align="center"> miñke, </td><td align="right"> e¢égaⁿ</td><td align="left">-biamá. </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="right">wished </td><td align="left">they say. </td><td align="center"> Person </td><td align="center"> the mv. ob. </td><td align="center"> now </td><td align="center"> I-first </td><td align="center"> I go </td><td align="center"> will </td><td align="center"> I who, </td><td align="right"> thought </td><td align="left"> they say. </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="right">Haⁿ'egaⁿcĕ'</td><td align="left">-qtci </td><td align="right"> páhaⁿ</td><td align="left">-bi </td><td align="center"> egaⁿ' </td><td align="right"> a¢á</td><td align="left">-biamá. </td><td align="center"> Cĭ </td><td align="center"> égi¢e </td><td align="center"> níkaciⁿga </td><td align="center"> amá </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="right">Morning </td><td align="left"> very </td><td align="right"> arose </td><td align="left"> they say </td><td align="center"> having </td><td align="right"> went </td><td align="left"> they say. </td><td align="center"> Again </td><td align="center"> it happened </td><td align="center"> person </td><td align="center"> the mv. sub. </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">síg¢e </td><td align="right"> a¢á</td><td align="left">-bitéamá. </td><td align="center"> Égi¢e </td><td align="right"> akí</td><td align="left">-biamá. </td><td align="right"> Gá</td><td align="left">-biamá: </td><td align="center"> ʞaⁿhá, </td><td align="center"> wítaⁿ¢iⁿ </td><td align="center"> b¢é </td><td> 6</td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">trail </td><td align="right"> had<br />gone,</td><td align="left"> they say. </td><td align="center"> It came<br />to pass </td><td align="right"> he reached<br />home,</td><td align="left"> they say. </td><td align="right"> Said as<br />follows,</td><td align="left"> they say: </td><td align="center"> grand-<br />mother </td><td align="center"> I-first </td><td align="center"> I go </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">aʞídaxe </td><td align="center"> ctĕwaⁿ' </td><td align="center"> níkaciⁿga </td><td align="center"> wíⁿ' </td><td align="center"> aⁿ'aqai </td><td align="center"> a¢aí te aⁿ'. </td><td align="center"> [K]aⁿhá, </td><td align="center"> uʞíaⁿ¢e </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">I make for<br />myself </td><td align="center"> in spite<br />of it </td><td align="center"> person </td><td align="center"> one </td><td align="center"> getting ahead of me </td><td align="center"> he has gone. </td><td align="center"> Grand-<br />mother </td><td align="center"> snare </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">dáxe </td><td align="center"> tá </td><td align="center"> minke, </td><td align="center"> kĭ </td><td align="center"> b¢íze </td><td align="center"> tá </td><td align="center"> miñke </td><td align="center"> hă. </td><td align="center"> Átaⁿ </td><td align="center"> jaⁿ' </td><td align="center"> tadaⁿ', </td><td align="right"> á</td><td align="left">-biamá </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">I make it </td><td align="center"> will </td><td align="center"> I who, </td><td align="center"> and </td><td align="center"> I take him </td><td align="center"> will </td><td align="center"> I who </td><td align="center"> . </td><td align="center"> Why </td><td align="center"> you do it </td><td align="center"> should? </td><td align="right"> said,</td><td align="left"> they say </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">wa`újiñga </td><td align="center"> aka. </td><td align="center"> Níaciⁿga </td><td align="center"> i¢át'ab¢é </td><td align="center"> hă, </td><td align="right"> á-</td><td align="left">biamá. </td><td align="center"> Kĭ </td><td align="center"> mactciñ'ge </td><td align="center"> a¢á- </td><td> 9</td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">old woman </td><td align="center"> the sub. </td><td align="center"> Person </td><td align="center"> I hate him </td><td align="center"> . </td><td align="right"> said,</td><td align="left"> they say. </td><td align="center"> And </td><td align="center"> rabbit </td><td align="center"> went </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">biamá. </td><td align="right"> A¢á-</td><td align="left">bi </td><td align="center"> ʞĭ </td><td align="center"> cĭ </td><td align="center"> síg¢e </td><td align="center"> ¢étéamá. </td><td align="center"> [K]ĭ </td><td align="center"> haⁿ' </td><td align="center"> tĕ </td><td align="center"> i¢ápe </td><td align="right"> jaⁿ'</td><td align="left">-biamá. </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">they say. </td><td align="right"> Went</td><td align="left"> they say </td><td align="center"> when </td><td align="center"> again </td><td align="center"> trail </td><td align="center"> had gone. </td><td align="center"> And </td><td align="center"> night </td><td align="center"> the </td><td align="center"> waiting for </td><td align="right"> lay </td><td align="left"> they say. </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="right">Man'dĕ</td><td align="left">-ʞaⁿ </td><td align="center"> ¢aⁿ </td><td align="center"> ukínacke </td><td align="right"> gaxá-</td><td align="left">biamá, </td><td align="center"> kĭ </td><td align="center"> síg¢e </td><td align="right"> ¢é</td><td align="left">-hnaⁿ </td><td align="center"> tĕ </td><td align="center"> ĕ'di </td><td align="center"> i¢aⁿ'¢a- </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="right">bow</td><td align="left"> string </td><td align="center"> the ob. </td><td align="center"> noose </td><td align="right"> he made it</td><td align="left"> they say, </td><td align="center"> and </td><td align="center"> trail </td><td align="right"> went </td><td align="left"> habitually </td><td align="center"> the </td><td align="center"> there </td><td align="center"> he put it </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">biamá. </td><td align="center"> Égi¢e </td><td align="right"> haⁿ'+egaⁿ-tcĕ'</td><td align="left">-qtci </td><td align="center"> uʞíaⁿ¢e </td><td align="center"> ¢aⁿ </td><td align="center"> giʇaⁿ'be </td><td align="right"> ahí</td><td align="left">-biamá. </td><td align="center"> Égi¢e </td><td> 12</td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">they say. </td><td align="center"> It came<br />to pass </td><td align="right"> morning </td><td align="left"> very </td><td align="center"> snare </td><td align="center"> the ob. </td><td align="center"> to see<br />his own </td><td align="right"> arrived </td><td align="left"> they say. </td><td align="center"> It came<br />to pass </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">miⁿ' </td><td align="center"> ¢aⁿ </td><td align="center"> ¢izé </td><td align="center"> akáma. </td><td align="right"> Taⁿ'¢iⁿ</td><td align="left">-qtci </td><td align="center"> u¢á </td><td align="right"> ag¢á-</td><td align="left">biamá. </td><td align="center"> [K]aⁿhá </td><td align="center"> ĭndádaⁿ </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">sun </td><td align="center"> the cv.<br />ob. </td><td align="center"> taken </td><td align="center"> he had,<br />they say. </td><td align="right"> Running </td><td align="left"> very </td><td align="center"> to tell </td><td align="right"> went<br />homeward,</td><td align="left"> they say. </td><td align="center"> Grandmother. </td><td align="center"> what </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">éiⁿte </td><td align="center"> b¢íze </td><td align="center"> édegaⁿ </td><td align="center"> aⁿ'baaze</td><td align="center">-hnaⁿ' </td><td align="center"> hă, </td><td align="right"> á-</td><td align="left">biamá. </td><td align="center"> [K]aⁿhá, </td><td align="right"> man'de-</td><td align="left">ʞaⁿ </td><td align="center"> ¢aⁿ </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">it may be </td><td align="center"> I took </td><td align="center"> but </td><td align="center"> me it scared </td><td align="center"> habitually </td><td align="center"> . </td><td align="right"> said</td><td align="left"> they say. </td><td align="center"> Grandmother, </td><td align="right"> bow</td><td align="left"> string </td><td align="center"> the ob. </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">ag¢íze </td><td align="center"> kaⁿbdédegaⁿ</td><td align="center"> aⁿ'baaze</td><td align="center">-hnaⁿ'i </td><td align="center"> hă, </td><td align="right"> á-</td><td align="left">biamá. </td><td align="center"> Máhiⁿ </td><td align="right"> a¢iⁿ'</td><td align="left">-bi </td><td align="center"> egaⁿ' </td><td> 15</td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">I took my own </td><td align="center"> I wished, but </td><td align="center"> me it scared </td><td align="center"> habitually </td><td align="center"> . </td><td align="right"> said</td><td align="left"> they say. </td><td align="center"> Knife </td><td align="right"> had </td><td align="left"> they say </td><td align="center"> having </td></tr> +</table> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page582" id="page582"></a>[pg 582]</span> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">ĕ'di </td><td align="right"> a¢á-</td><td align="left">biamá. </td><td align="center"> Kĭ </td><td align="right"> ecaⁿ'</td><td align="left">-qtci </td><td align="right"> ahí-</td><td align="left">biamá. </td><td align="center"> Píäjĭ </td><td align="center"> ckáxe. </td><td align="center"> Eátaⁿ </td><td align="center"> égaⁿ </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">there </td><td align="right"> went,</td><td align="left"> they say. </td><td align="center"> And </td><td align="right"> near </td><td align="left"> very </td><td align="right"> arrived </td><td align="left"> they say. </td><td align="center"> Bad </td><td align="center"> you did. </td><td align="center"> Why </td><td align="center"> so </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">ckáxe </td><td align="center">ă. </td><td align="center"> Ĕ'di </td><td align="center"> gí-</td><td align="center">adaⁿ' </td><td align="center"> iⁿ¢ická-gă </td><td align="center">hă, </td><td align="right"> á-</td><td align="left">biamá </td><td align="center">miⁿ' </td><td align="center"> aká. </td><td align="center"> Mactciñ'ge </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">you did</td><td align="center">? </td><td align="center"> Hither </td><td align="center"> come </td><td align="center"> and </td><td align="center"> for me untie it</td><td align="center">, </td><td align="right"> said,</td><td align="left"> they say </td><td align="center"> sun </td><td align="center"> the sub. </td><td align="center"> Rabbit </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">aká </td><td align="center"> ĕ'di </td><td align="right"> a¢á-</td><td align="left">bi </td><td align="center"> ctĕwaⁿ' </td><td align="right"> naⁿ'pa</td><td align="left">-bi </td><td align="center"> egaⁿ' </td><td align="center"> hébe </td><td align="center"> íhe </td><td align="right"> a¢é-</td><td align="left">hnaⁿ'</td><td align="left">-biamá. </td><td align="center"> Kĭ </td><td> 3</td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">the<br />sub. </td><td align="center"> there </td><td align="right"> went</td><td align="left"> they<br />say </td><td align="center"> notwith-<br />standing </td><td align="right"> feared </td><td align="left"> they<br />say </td><td align="center"> having </td><td align="center">partly</td><td align="center"> passed by </td><td align="right"> went</td><td align="left"> habitually </td><td align="left">they<br />say.</td><td align="center"> And </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">ʞu`ĕ' </td><td align="right"> a¢á-</td><td align="left">bi </td><td align="center"> egaⁿ' </td><td align="right"> mása</td><td align="left">-biamá </td><td align="right"> man'dĕ</td><td align="left">-ʞaⁿ </td><td align="center"> ¢aⁿ'. </td><td align="center"> Gañ'ki </td><td align="center"> miⁿ' </td><td align="center"> ¢aⁿ </td><td align="center"> maⁿ'- </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">rushed </td><td align="right"> went</td><td align="left">they<br />say </td><td align="center">having </td><td align="right"> cut with<br />a knife </td><td align="left">they say </td><td align="right"> bow</td><td align="left"> string </td><td align="center"> the<br />ob. </td><td align="center"> And </td><td align="center"> sun </td><td align="center"> the cv.<br />ob. </td><td align="center"> on </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">ciáha </td><td align="right"> áiá¢a-</td><td align="left">biamá. </td><td align="center"> Kĭ </td><td align="center"> mactciñ'ge </td><td align="center"> aká </td><td align="center"> ábáʞu </td><td align="center"> hiⁿ' </td><td align="center"> ¢aⁿ </td><td align="right"> názi-</td><td align="left">biamá </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">high </td><td align="right"> had gone,</td><td align="left"> they say. </td><td align="center"> And </td><td align="center"> Rabbit </td><td align="center">the<br />sub.</td><td align="center"> space bet. the shoulders </td><td align="center"> hair </td><td align="center"> the<br />ob. </td><td align="right">burnt<br />yellow</td><td align="left"> they say </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="right">ánakadá-</td><td align="left">bi </td><td align="center">egaⁿ'. </td><td align="center"> (Mactciñ'ge </td><td align="center">amá </td><td align="right">akí-</td><td align="left">biamá.) </td><td align="center"> Ĭtcitci+, </td><td align="center"> ʞaⁿhá, </td><td> 6</td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="right">it was hot<br />on it </td><td align="left"> they<br />say </td><td align="center"> having. </td><td align="center"> (Rabbit </td><td align="center"> the mv.<br />sub. </td><td align="right"> reached<br />home,</td><td align="left"> they say.) </td><td align="center"> Itcitci+!! </td><td align="center"> grandmother, </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="right">ná¢iñgĕ-</td><td align="left">qti-</td><td align="left">maⁿ' </td><td align="center"> hă, </td><td align="right"> á-</td><td align="left">biamá. </td><td align="center"> [T]úcpa¢aⁿ+, </td><td align="right"> iⁿ'na¢iñgĕ'</td><td align="left">-qti-maⁿ' </td><td align="center"> eskaⁿ'+, </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="right">burnt to<br />nothing </td><td align="left">very </td><td align="left">I am </td><td align="center"> — </td><td align="right">said,</td><td align="left">they say. </td><td align="center"> Grandchild!! </td><td align="right"> burnt to<br />nothing for me </td><td align="left"> very I am </td><td align="center"> I think, </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="right">á-</td><td align="left">biamá. </td><td align="center"> Cetaⁿ'. </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="right">said,</td><td align="left"> they say. </td><td align="center"> So far. </td></tr> +</table> + +<h3>NOTES.</h3> + +<p><b>581</b>, 1. Mactciñge, the Rabbit, or Si¢e-makaⁿ (meaning uncertain), is +the hero of numerous myths of several tribes. He is the deliverer of +mankind from different tyrants. One of his opponents is Ictinike, the +maker of this world, according to the Iowas. The Rabbit's grandmother +is Mother Earth, who calls mankind her children.</p> + +<p><b>581</b>, 7. a¢ai te aⁿ. The conclusion of this sentence seems odd to the +collector, but its translation given with this myth is that furnished by +the Indian informant.</p> + +<p><b>581</b>, 12. haⁿ+egaⁿtcĕ-qtci, "ve—ry early in the morning." The prolongation +of the first syllable adds to the force of the adverb "qtci," +<i>very</i>.</p> + +<p><b>582</b>, 3. hebe ihe a¢e-hnaⁿ-biama. The Rabbit tried to obey the Sun; +but each time that he attempted it, he was so much afraid of him that +he passed by a little to one side. He could not go directly to him.</p> + +<p><b>582</b>, 4. 5. maⁿciaha aia¢a-biama. When the Rabbit rushed forward +with bowed head, and cut the bow-string, the Sun's departure was so +rapid that "he had <i>already</i> gone on high."</p> + + +<h4>ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THIS MYTH.</h4> + +<table summary="abbreviations" align="center"> +<tr><td align="left">cv. </td><td align="left">curvilinear.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">mv. </td><td align="left">moving.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">st. </td><td align="left">sitting.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">sub. </td><td align="left">subject.</td></tr> +<tr><td align="left">ob. </td><td align="left">object.</td></tr> +</table> + + +<h3>TRANSLATION.</h3> + +<p>Once upon a time the Rabbit dwelt in a lodge with no one but his +grandmother. And it was his custom to go hunting very early in the +morning. No matter how early in the morning he went, a person with +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page583" id="page583"></a>[pg 583]</span> +very long feet had been along, leaving a trail. And he (the Rabbit), +wished to know him. "Now," thought he, "I will go in advance of the +person." Having arisen very early in the morning, he departed. Again +it happened that the person had been along, leaving a trail. Then he +(the Rabbit) went home. Said he, "Grandmother, though I arrange +for myself to go first, a person anticipates me (every time). Grandmother, +I will make a snare and catch him." "Why should you do it?" +said she. "I hate the person," he said. And the Rabbit departed. +When he went, the foot-prints had been along again. And he lay waiting +for night (to come). And he made a noose of a bow-string, putting +it in the place where the foot-prints used to be seen. And he reached +there very early in the morning for the purpose of looking at his trap. +And it happened that he had caught the Sun. Running very fast, he +went homeward to tell it. " Grandmother, I have caught something or +other, but it scares me. Grandmother, I wished to take my bow-string, +but I was scared every time," said he. He went thither with a knife. +And he got very near it. "You have done wrong; why have you done +so? Come hither and untie me," said the Sun. The Rabbit, although +he went thither, was afraid, and kept on passing partly by him (or, continued +going by a little to one side). And making a rush, with his head +bent down (and his arm stretched out), he cut the bow-string with the +knife. And the Sun had already gone on high. And the Rabbit had +the hair between his shoulders scorched yellow, it having been hot upon +him (as he stooped to cut the bow-string). (And the Rabbit arrived at +home.) "Itcitci+!! O grandmother, the heat has left nothing of me," +said he. She said, "Oh! my grandchild! I think that the heat has left +nothing of him for me." (From that time the rabbit has had a singed +spot on his back, between the shoulders.)</p> + +<hr /> + + + + +<h2>DETAILS OF A CONJURER'S PRACTICE.</h2> + +<h3 class="sc">In the Klamath Lake Dialect. Obtained from Minnie Froben, by A.S. +Gatschet.</h3> + +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">Máḵlaks </td><td align="center"> shuákiuk </td><td align="center"> kíuksash </td><td align="center"> ḵá-i </td><td align="center"> gú'l’hi </td><td align="center"> húnkĕlam </td><td align="center"> ládshashtat, </td><td align="center"> ndéna </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">Indians </td><td align="center"> in calling </td><td align="center"> the conjurer </td><td align="center"> not </td><td align="center"> enter </td><td align="center"> his </td><td align="center"> into lodge, </td><td align="center"> they halloo </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">sha'hmóknok; </td><td align="center"> kíush toks </td><td align="center"> wán </td><td align="center"> kiukáyank </td><td align="center"> mú'luash </td><td align="center"> m’na </td><td align="center"> kaníta </td><td align="center"> pî'sh. </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">to call (him) out; </td><td align="center"> the conjurer </td><td align="center"> red fox </td><td align="center"> hanging out on a pole </td><td align="center"> as sign </td><td align="center"> his </td><td align="center"> outside </td><td align="center"> "of him." </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">Kukíaks </td><td align="center"> tchú'tanish </td><td align="center"> gátp’nank </td><td align="center"> wigáta </td><td align="center"> tchélχa </td><td align="center"> mā'shipksh. </td><td align="center"> Lútatkish </td><td> 3</td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">Conjurers </td><td align="center"> when treating </td><td align="center"> approaching </td><td align="center"> close by </td><td align="center"> sit down </td><td align="center"> the patient. </td><td align="center"> The expounder </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">wigáta </td><td align="center"> kíukshĕsh </td><td align="center"> tcha’hlánshna. </td><td align="center"> Shuyéga </td><td align="center"> kíuks, </td><td align="center"> wéwanuish </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">close to </td><td align="center"> the conjurer </td><td align="center"> sits down. </td><td align="center"> Starts choruses </td><td align="center"> the conjurer, </td><td align="center"> females </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">tchīk </td><td align="center"> winóta </td><td align="center"> liukiámnank </td><td align="center"> nadshā'shak </td><td align="center"> tchútchtníshash. </td><td align="center"> Hánshna </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">then </td><td align="center"> join in singing </td><td align="center"> crowding around him </td><td align="center"> simultaneously </td><td align="center"> while he treats (the sick). </td><td align="center"> He sucks </td></tr> +</table> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page584" id="page584"></a>[pg 584]</span> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">mā'shish </td><td align="center"> hú'nk </td><td align="center"> hishuákshash, </td><td align="center"> tátktish </td><td align="center"> î'shkuk, </td><td align="center"> hantchípka </td><td align="center"> tcī'k </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">diseased </td><td align="center"> that </td><td align="center"> man, </td><td align="center"> the disease </td><td align="center"> to extract, </td><td align="center"> he sucks out </td><td align="center"> then </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">kukuága, </td><td align="center"> wishinkága, </td><td align="center"> mú'lkaga, </td><td align="center"> ḵáḵo </td><td align="center"> gî'ntak, </td><td align="center"> káhaktok </td><td align="center"> nánuktua </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">a small frog, </td><td align="center"> small snake, </td><td align="center"> small insect, </td><td align="center"> bone </td><td align="center"> afterwards, </td><td align="center"> whatsoever </td><td align="center"> anything </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">nshendshkáne. </td><td align="center"> Ts’ú'ks </td><td align="center"> toks </td><td align="center"> ké-usht </td><td align="center"> tchékĕle </td><td align="center"> ítkal; </td><td align="center"> lúlp </td><td align="center"> toks </td><td align="center"> mā'- </td><td> 3</td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">small. </td><td align="center"> A leg </td><td align="center"> </td><td align="center"> being fractured </td><td align="center"> the (bad) blood </td><td align="center"> he extracts; </td><td align="center"> eyes </td><td align="center"> but </td><td align="center"> be- </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">shisht </td><td align="center"> tchékĕlitat </td><td align="center"> lgú'm </td><td align="center"> shú'kĕlank </td><td align="center"> ḵî'tua </td><td align="center"> lú'lpat, </td><td align="center"> kú'tash </td><td align="center"> tchish </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">ing sore </td><td align="center"> into blood </td><td align="center"> coal </td><td align="center"> mixing </td><td align="center"> he pours </td><td align="center"> into the eyes, </td><td align="center"> a louse </td><td align="center"> too </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">kshéwa </td><td align="center"> lúlpat </td><td align="center"> pú'klash </td><td align="center"> tuiχámpgatk </td><td align="center"> ltúiχaktgi gíug. </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">introduces </td><td align="center"> into the eye </td><td align="center"> the white of eye </td><td align="center"> protruding </td><td align="center"> for eating out. </td></tr> +</table> + + +<h3>NOTES.</h3> + +<p><b>583</b>, 1. shuákia does not mean to "<i>call on somebody</i>" generally, but +only "<i>to call on the conjurer</i> or medicine man".</p> + +<p><b>583</b>, 2. wán stands for wánam nī'l: the fur or skin of a red or silver +fox; kaníta pî'sh stands for kanítana látchash m'nálam: "outside of +his lodge or cabin". The meaning of the sentence is: they raise their +voices to call him out. Conjurers are in the habit of fastening a fox-skin +outside of their lodges, as a business sign, and to let it dangle +from a rod stuck out in an oblique direction.</p> + +<p><b>583</b>, 3. tchélχa. During the treatment of a patient, who stays in a +winter house, the lodge is often shut up at the top, and the people +sit in a circle inside in utter darkness.</p> + +<p><b>583</b>, 5. liukiámnank. The women and all who take a part in the +chorus usually sit in a circle around the conjurer and his assistant; +the suffix -mna indicates close proximity. Nadshā'shak qualifies the +verb winóta.</p> + +<p><b>583</b>, 5. tchútchtníshash. The distributive form of tchú't’na refers to +each of the <i>various</i> manipulations performed by the conjurer on the +patient.</p> + +<p><b>584</b>, 1. mā'shish, shortened from māshípkash, +mā'shipksh, like ḵ'lä'ksh +from k’läkápkash.</p> + +<p><b>584</b>, 2. 3. There is a stylistic incongruity in using the distributive form, +only in kukuàga (kúe, <i>frog</i>), káhaktok, and in nshendshkáne (nshekáni, +npshékani, tsékani, tchékĕni, <i>small</i>), while inserting the absolute form +in wishinkága (wíshink, <i>garter-snake</i>) and in ḵáḵo; mú'lkaga is more of +a generic term and its distributive form is therefore not in use.</p> + +<p><b>583</b>, 2. káhaktok for ká-akt ak; ká-akt being the transposed distributive +form kákat, of kát, which, what (pron. relat.).</p> + +<p><b>584</b>, 4. lgú'm. The application of remedial <i>drugs</i> is very unfrequent +in this tribe; and this is one of the reasons why the term "conjurer" +or "shaman" will prove to be a better name for the medicine man than +that of "Indian doctor".</p> + +<p><b>584</b>, 4. kú'tash etc. The conjurer introduces a louse into the eye to +make it eat up the protruding white portion of the sore eye.</p> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page585" id="page585"></a>[pg 585]</span> + + + + +<h2 class="sc">Kálak.</h2> + + +<h2>THE RELAPSE.</h2> + + +<h3 class="sc">In the Klamath Lake Dialect by Dave Hill. Obtained by A.S. Gatschet.</h3> + +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">Hä </td><td align="center"> náyäns </td><td align="center"> hissuáksas </td><td align="center"> mā'shitk </td><td align="center"> kálak, </td><td align="center"> tsúi </td><td align="center"> kíuks </td><td align="center"> nä'-ulakta </td><td align="center"> tchu- </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">When </td><td align="center"> another </td><td align="center"> man </td><td align="center"> fell sick </td><td align="center"> as relapsed, </td><td align="center"> then </td><td align="center"> the conjurer </td><td align="center"> concludes </td><td align="center"> to </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">tánuapkuk. </td><td align="center"> Tchúi </td><td align="center"> tchúta; </td><td align="center"> tchúi </td><td align="center"> yá-uks </td><td align="center"> huk </td><td align="center"> shläá </td><td align="center"> kálak a gēk. </td><td align="center"> Tchi </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">treat (him). </td><td align="center"> And </td><td align="center"> he treats; </td><td align="center"> and </td><td align="center"> remedy </td><td align="center"> this </td><td align="center"> finds out </td><td align="center"> (that) relapsed he. </td><td align="center"> Thus </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">huk </td><td align="center"> shuî'sh </td><td align="center"> sápa. </td><td align="center"> Tsúi </td><td align="center"> nā'sh </td><td align="center"> shuī'sh </td><td align="center"> sáyuaks </td><td align="center"> hú'mtcha kálak, </td><td align="center"> tchúi </td><td> 3</td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">the </td><td align="center"> song-<br />remedy </td><td align="center"> indicates. </td><td align="center"> And </td><td align="center"> one </td><td align="center"> song-<br />remedy </td><td align="center"> having<br />found out </td><td align="center"> (that) of the kind<br />of relapsed (he is), </td><td align="center"> then </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">nánuk </td><td align="center"> húk </td><td align="center"> shuī'sh </td><td align="center"> tpä'wa </td><td align="center"> hú'nksht </td><td align="center"> kaltchitchíkshash </td><td align="center"> heshuampĕlítki </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">all </td><td align="center"> those </td><td align="center"> remedies </td><td align="center"> indicate </td><td align="center"> (that) him </td><td align="center"> the spider (-remedy) </td><td align="center"> would </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">gíug. </td><td align="center"> Tchúi </td><td align="center"> hú'k </td><td align="center"> káltchitchiks </td><td align="center"> yá-uka; </td><td align="center"> ubá-us </td><td align="center"> húk </td><td align="center"> káltchitchiksam </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">cure. </td><td align="center"> Then </td><td align="center"> the </td><td align="center"> spider </td><td align="center"> treats him; </td><td align="center"> a piece of deer-skin </td><td align="center"> </td><td align="center"> of the spider </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">tchutĕnō'tkish. </td><td align="center"> Tsúi </td><td align="center"> húkantka </td><td align="center"> ubá-ustka </td><td align="center"> tchutá; </td><td align="center"> tätáktak </td><td align="center"> huk </td><td> 6</td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">(is) the curing-tool. </td><td align="center"> Then </td><td align="center"> by means<br />of that </td><td align="center"> deer-skin </td><td align="center"> he treats<br />(him); </td><td align="center"> just the size<br />of the spot </td><td align="center"> that </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">kálak </td><td align="center"> mā'sha, </td><td align="center"> gä'tak </td><td align="center"> ubá-ush </td><td align="center"> ktú'shka </td><td align="center"> tä'tak </td><td align="center"> huk </td><td align="center"> mā'sha. </td><td align="center"> Tsúi </td><td align="center"> húk </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">relapse </td><td align="center"> is infected, </td><td align="center"> so much </td><td align="center"> of deer-skin </td><td align="center"> he cuts out </td><td align="center"> as where </td><td align="center"> he </td><td align="center"> is suffering. </td><td align="center"> Then </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">káltchitchiks </td><td align="center"> siunóta </td><td align="center"> nä'dsḵank </td><td align="center"> hú'nk </td><td align="center"> ubá-nsh. </td><td align="center"> Tchú'yuk </td><td align="center"> p'laíta </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">the "spider" song </td><td align="center"> is started </td><td align="center"> while applying </td><td align="center"> that </td><td align="center"> skin piece. </td><td align="center"> And he </td><td align="center"> over it </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">nétatka </td><td align="center"> skútash, </td><td align="center"> tsúi </td><td align="center"> sha </td><td align="center"> hú'nk </td><td align="center"> udú'pka </td><td align="center"> hänä'shishtka, </td><td align="center"> tsúi </td><td align="center"> hú'k </td><td> 9</td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">he stretches </td><td align="center"> a blanket, </td><td align="center"> and </td><td align="center"> they </td><td align="center"> it </td><td align="center"> strike </td><td align="center"> with conjurer's arrows, </td><td align="center"> then </td><td align="center"> it </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">gutä'ga </td><td align="center"> tsulä'kshtat; </td><td align="center"> gä'tsa </td><td align="center"> lú'pí </td><td align="center"> kiatéga, </td><td align="center"> tsúi </td><td align="center"> tsulē'ks </td><td align="center"> ḵ'läká, </td><td align="center"> tchúi </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">enters </td><td align="center"> into the body; </td><td align="center"> a particle </td><td align="center"> firstly </td><td align="center"> enters, </td><td align="center"> then </td><td align="center"> (it) body </td><td align="center"> becomes, </td><td align="center"> and </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">at </td><td align="center"> pushpúshuk </td><td align="center"> shlē'sh </td><td align="center"> húk </td><td align="center"> ubá-ush. </td><td align="center"> Tsúi </td><td align="center"> mā'ns </td><td align="center"> tánkĕni ak </td><td align="center"> waítash </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">now </td><td align="center"> dark it </td><td align="center"> to look at </td><td align="center"> that </td><td align="center"> skin-piece. </td><td align="center"> Then </td><td align="center"> after a while </td><td align="center"> after so and so many </td><td align="center"> days </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">hú'k </td><td align="center"> púshpúshli at </td><td align="center"> mā'ns=gîtk </td><td align="center"> tsulä'ks=sitk </td><td align="center"> shlä'sh. </td><td align="center"> Tsí </td><td align="center"> ní </td><td align="center"> sáyuakta; </td><td> 12</td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">that </td><td align="center"> black (thing) </td><td align="center"> at last </td><td align="center"> (is) flesh-like </td><td align="center"> to look at. </td><td align="center"> Thus </td><td align="center"> I </td><td align="center"> am informed; </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">túmi </td><td align="center"> hú'nk </td><td align="center"> sháyuakta </td><td align="center"> hú'masht=gîsht </td><td align="center"> tchutī'sht; </td><td align="center"> tsúyuk </td><td align="center"> tsúshni </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">many men </td><td align="center"> </td><td align="center"> know </td><td align="center"> (that) in this manner </td><td align="center"> were effected cures; </td><td align="center"> and he then </td><td align="center"> always </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">wä'mpĕle. </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">was well again. </td></tr> +</table> + + +<h3>NOTES.</h3> + +<p><b>585</b>, 1. náyäns hissuáksas: another man than the conjurers of the +tribe. The objective case shows that mā'shitk has to be regarded +here as the participle of an impersonal verb: mā'sha núsh, and mā'sha +nú, it ails me, I am sick.</p> + +<p><b>585</b>, 2. yá-uks is remedy in general, spiritual as well as material. Here +a tamánuash song is meant by it, which, when sung by the conjurer, will +furnish him the certainty if his patient is a relapse or not. There are +several of these medicine-songs, but all of them (nánuk hú'k shuī'sh) +when consulted point out the spider-medicine as the one to apply in this +case. The spider's curing-instrument is that small piece of buckskin +(ubá-ush) which has to be inserted under the patient's skin. It is +called the spider's medicine because the spider-song is sung during its +application.</p> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page586" id="page586"></a>[pg 586]</span> + +<p><b>585</b>, 10. gutä'ga. The whole operation is concealed from the eyes of +spectators by a skin or blanket stretched over the patient and the hands +of the operator.</p> + +<p><b>585</b>, 10. kiatéga. The buckskin piece has an oblong or longitudinal +shape in most instances, and it is passed under the skin sideways and +very gradually.</p> + +<p><b>585</b>, 11. tánkĕni ak waítash. Dave Hill gave as an approximate limit +five days' time.</p> + +<hr /> + + + +<h2>SWEAT-LODGES.</h2> + + +<h3 class="sc">In the Klamath Lake Dialect by Minnie Froben. Obtained by A.S. +Gatschet.</h3> + +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">É-ukshkni </td><td align="center"> lápa </td><td align="center"> spú'klish </td><td align="center"> gítko. </td><td align="center"> Ḵúḵiuk </td><td align="center"> ḵĕlekapkash </td><td align="center"> spú'klishla </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">The lake<br />people </td><td align="center"> two<br />(kinds of) </td><td align="center"> sweat-lodges </td><td align="center"> have. </td><td align="center"> To weep over </td><td align="center"> the deceased </td><td align="center"> they build<br />sweat-lodges </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">yépank</td><td align="center"> käíla; </td><td align="center"> stutílantko </td><td align="center"> spú'klish, </td><td align="center"> käíla </td><td align="center"> waltchátko. </td><td align="center"> Spú'klish a </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">digging up</td><td align="center"> the ground; </td><td align="center"> are roofed </td><td align="center">(these)<br />sweat-lodges </td><td align="center"> with<br />earth </td><td align="center"> covered. </td><td align="center"> (Another)<br />sweat-lodge </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">sha </td><td align="center"> shú'ta </td><td align="center"> kué-utch, </td><td align="center"> kítchikan’sh </td><td align="center"> stinága=shítko; </td><td align="center"> skú'tash a </td><td align="center"> wáldsha </td><td> 3</td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">they </td><td align="center"> build </td><td align="center"> of willows, </td><td align="center"> a little </td><td align="center"> cabin looking like; </td><td align="center"> blankets </td><td align="center"> they spread </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">spú'klishtat </td><td align="center"> tataták sĕ </td><td align="center"> spukliá. </td><td align="center"> Tátataks a hú'nk </td><td align="center"> wéas </td><td align="center"> lúla, </td><td align="center"> tatátaks </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">over the sweating-lodge </td><td align="center"> when in it they </td><td align="center"> sweat. </td><td align="center"> Whenever </td><td align="center"> children </td><td align="center"> died, </td><td align="center"> or when </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">a híshuaksh </td><td align="center"> tchímĕna, </td><td align="center"> snáwedsh </td><td align="center"> wénuitk, </td><td align="center"> ḵú'ḵi </td><td align="center"> ḵĕlekátko, </td><td align="center"> spú'klitcha </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">a husband </td><td align="center"> became widower, </td><td align="center"> (or) the wife </td><td align="center"> (is) widowed, </td><td align="center"> they weep </td><td align="center"> for cause of death </td><td align="center"> go sweating </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">túmi </td><td align="right"> shashámoks=</td><td align="left">lólatko; </td><td align="center"> túnepni </td><td align="center"> waítash </td><td align="center"> tchík </td><td align="center"> sa </td><td align="center"> hú'uk </td><td align="center"> spú'klia. </td><td> 6</td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">many </td><td align="right"> relatives</td><td align="left"> who have lost </td><td align="center"> five </td><td align="center"> days </td><td align="center"> then </td><td align="center"> they </td><td align="center"> </td><td align="center"> sweat. </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">Shiúlakiank a </td><td align="center"> sha </td><td align="center"> ktái </td><td align="center"> húyuka </td><td align="center"> skoilakuápkuk; </td><td align="center"> hútoks </td><td align="center"> ktái </td><td align="center"> ḵá-i tatá </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">Gathering </td><td align="center"> they </td><td align="center"> stones </td><td align="center"> (they) heat (them) </td><td align="center"> to heap them up (after use); </td><td align="center"> those </td><td align="center"> stones </td><td align="center"> never </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">spukliú't’huīsh. </td><td align="center"> Spúklish </td><td align="center"> lúpĭa </td><td align="center"> húyuka; </td><td align="center"> ḵélpka a </td><td align="center"> át, </td><td align="center"> ílhiat </td><td align="center"> átui, </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">having been used<br />for sweating. </td><td align="center"> Sweat lodge </td><td align="center"> in front of </td><td align="center"> they heat<br />(them); </td><td align="center"> heated<br />(being) </td><td align="center"> when, </td><td align="center"> they bring<br />(them) inside </td><td align="center"> at<br />once, </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">ḵídshna ai </td><td align="center"> î </td><td align="center"> ámbu, </td><td align="center"> kliulála. </td><td align="center"> Spú'kli </td><td align="center"> a sha </td><td align="center"> túmĕni </td><td align="center"> "hours"; </td><td align="center"> ḵélpkuk </td><td> 9</td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">pour </td><td align="center"> on them </td><td align="center"> water, </td><td align="center"> sprinkle. </td><td align="center"> Sweat </td><td align="center"> then<br />they </td><td align="center"> several </td><td align="center"> hours; </td><td align="center"> being quite<br />warmed up </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">géka </td><td align="center"> shualkóltchuk </td><td align="center"> péniak </td><td align="center"> ḵō'ḵs </td><td align="center"> pépe-udshak </td><td align="center"> éwagatat, </td><td align="center"> ḵóḵetat, </td><td align="center"> é-ush </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">they<br />leave </td><td align="center"> (and) to cool<br />themselves off </td><td align="center"> without </td><td align="center"> dress </td><td align="center"> only to go<br />bathing </td><td align="center"> in a spring, </td><td align="center"> river, </td><td align="center"> lake </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">wigáta. </td><td align="center"> Spukli-uápka </td><td align="center"> mā'ntch. </td><td align="center"> Shpótuok </td><td align="center"> i-akéwa </td><td align="center"> kápka, </td><td align="center"> skú'tawia </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">close by. </td><td align="center"> They will sweat </td><td align="center"> for long<br />hours. </td><td align="center"> To make themselves<br />strong </td><td align="center"> they bend<br />down </td><td align="center"> young<br />pine-trees </td><td align="center">(they) tie<br />together </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">sha </td><td align="center"> wéwakag </td><td align="center"> knú'kstga. </td><td align="center"> Ndshiétchatka </td><td align="center"> knú'ks a </td><td align="center"> sha </td><td align="center"> shúshata. </td><td> 12</td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">they </td><td align="center"> small brushwood </td><td align="center"> with ropes. </td><td align="center"> Of (willow-)bark </td><td align="center"> the ropes </td><td align="center"> they </td><td align="center"> make. </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">Gátpampĕlank </td><td align="center"> shkoshkî'lχa </td><td align="center"> ktáktiag </td><td align="center"> hú'shkankok </td><td align="center"> ḵĕlekápkash, </td><td align="center"> ktá-i </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center"> On going home </td><td align="center"> they heap up into cairns </td><td align="center"> small stones </td><td align="center"> in remembrance </td><td align="center"> of the dead, </td><td align="center"> stones </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">shúshuankaptcha </td><td align="center"> î'hiank. </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">of equal size </td><td align="center"> selecting. </td></tr> +</table> + + +<h3>NOTES.</h3> + +<p>No Klamath or Modoc sweat-lodge can be properly called a sweat-<i>house</i>, +as is the custom throughout the West. One kind of these lodges, +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page587" id="page587"></a>[pg 587]</span> +intended for the use of mourners only, are solid structures, almost underground; +three of them are now in existence, all believed to be the +gift of the principal national deity. Sudatories of the other kind are +found near every Indian lodge, and consist of a few willow-rods stuck +into the ground, both ends being bent over. The process gone through +while sweating is the same in both kinds of lodges, with the only difference +as to time. The ceremonies mentioned 4-13. all refer to sweating +in the mourners' sweat-lodges. The sudatories of the Oregonians have +no analogy with the <i>estufas</i> of the Pueblo Indians of New Mexico, as far +as their construction is concerned.</p> + +<p><b>586</b>, 1. lápa spú'klish, two sweat-lodges, stands for two <i>kinds</i> of sweat-lodges.</p> + +<p><b>586</b>, 5. shashámoks=lólatko forms <i>one</i> compound word: one who, or: +those who have lost relatives by death; cf. ptísh=lúlsh, pgísh=lúlsh; +hishuákga ptísh=lúlatk, male orphan whose father has died. In the +same manner, ḵĕlekátko stands here as a participle referring simultaneously +to híshuaksh and to snáwedsh wénuitk, and can be rendered +by "<i>bereaved</i>". Shashámoks, distr. form of shá-amoks, is often pronounced +sheshámaks. Túmi etc. means, that many others accompany +to the sweat-lodge, into which about six persons can crowd themselves, +bereaved husbands, wives or parents, because the deceased +were related to them.</p> + +<p><b>586</b>, 7. Shiúlakiank etc. For developing steam the natives collect +only such stones for heating as are neither too large nor too small; a +medium size seeming most appropriate for concentrating the largest +amount of heat. The old sweat-lodges are surrounded with large accumulations +of stones which, to judge from their blackened exterior, +have served the purpose of generating steam; they weigh not over 3 to +5 pounds in the average, and in the vicinity travelers discover many +small cairns, not over four feet high, and others lying in ruins. The +shrubbery around the sudatory is in many localities tied up with willow +wisps and ropes.</p> + +<p><b>586</b>, 11. Spukli-uápka mā'ntch means that the sweating-process is +repeated many times during the five days of observance; they sweat +at least twice a day.</p> + +<hr /> + + + +<h2>A DOG'S REVENGE.</h2> + +<h3 class="sc">A Dakota Fable, by Michel Renville. Obtained by Rev. S.R. Riggs.</h3> + +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">Śuŋka </td><td align="center"> waŋ; </td><td align="center"> ḳa </td><td align="center"> wakaŋka </td><td align="center"> waŋ </td><td align="center"> waḳiŋ </td><td align="center"> waŋ </td><td align="center"> taŋka </td><td align="center"> hnaka. </td><td align="center"> Uŋkan </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">Dog </td><td align="center"> a; </td><td align="center"> and </td><td align="center"> old-woman </td><td align="center"> a </td><td align="center"> pack </td><td align="center"> a </td><td align="center"> large </td><td align="center"> laid away. </td><td align="center"> And </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">śuŋka </td><td align="center"> ḳoŋ </td><td align="center"> he </td><td align="center"> sdonya. </td><td align="center"> Uŋkaŋ </td><td align="center"> waŋna </td><td align="center"> haŋyetu, </td><td align="center"> uŋkaŋ </td><td align="center"> wakaŋka </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">dog </td><td align="center"> the </td><td align="center"> that </td><td align="center"> knew. </td><td align="center"> And </td><td align="center"> now </td><td align="center"> night, </td><td align="center"> and </td><td align="center"> old-woman </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">iśtinman </td><td align="center"> kećiŋ </td><td align="center"> ḳa </td><td align="center">en </td><td align="center">ya: </td><td align="center"> tuka </td><td align="center"> wakaŋka </td><td align="center"> kiŋ </td><td align="center"> sdonkiye </td><td align="center"> ć̣a </td><td align="center"> kiktahaŋ </td><td> 3</td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">asleep </td><td align="center"> he thought </td><td align="center"> and </td><td align="center">there </td><td align="center">went: </td><td align="center"> but </td><td align="center"> old woman </td><td align="center"> the </td><td align="center"> knew </td><td align="center"> and </td><td align="center"> awake </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">waŋke, </td><td align="center"> ć̣a </td><td align="center"> ite </td><td align="center"> hdakiŋyaŋ </td><td align="center"> ape </td><td align="center"> ć̣a </td><td align="center"> kićakse, </td><td align="center"> ć̣a </td><td align="center"> nina </td><td align="center"> po, </td><td align="center"> keyapi. </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">lay, </td><td align="center"> and </td><td align="center"> face </td><td align="center"> across </td><td align="center"> struck </td><td align="center"> and </td><td align="center"> gashed, </td><td align="center"> and </td><td align="center"> much </td><td align="center"> swelled, </td><td align="center"> they say. </td></tr> +</table> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page588" id="page588"></a>[pg 588]</span> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">Uŋkaŋ </td><td align="center"> haŋḣaŋna </td><td align="center"> hehaŋ </td><td align="center"> śuŋka </td><td align="center"> tokeća </td><td align="center"> waŋ </td><td align="center"> en </td><td align="center"> hi, </td><td align="center"> ḳa </td><td align="center"> okiya </td><td align="center"> ya. </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">And </td><td align="center"> morning </td><td align="center"> then </td><td align="center"> dog </td><td align="center"> another </td><td align="center"> a </td><td align="center"> there </td><td align="center"> came, </td><td align="center"> and </td><td align="center"> to-talk-with </td><td align="center"> went.</td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">Tuka </td><td align="center"> pamahdedaŋ </td><td align="center"> ite </td><td align="center"> mahen </td><td align="center"> inina </td><td align="center"> yaŋka. </td><td align="center"> Uŋkaŋ </td><td align="center"> taku </td><td align="center"> ićante </td><td align="center"> niśića </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">But </td><td align="center"> head-down </td><td align="center"> face </td><td align="center"> within </td><td align="center"> silent </td><td align="center"> was. </td><td align="center"> And </td><td align="center"> what </td><td align="center"> of-heart </td><td align="center"> you-bad </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">heciŋhaŋ </td><td align="center"> omakiyaka wo, </td><td align="center"> eya. </td><td align="center"> Uŋkaŋ, </td><td align="center"> Inina </td><td align="center"> yaŋka wo, </td><td align="center"> wakaŋka </td><td> 3</td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">if </td><td align="center"> me-tell, </td><td align="center"> he-said. </td><td align="center"> And, </td><td align="center"> still </td><td align="center"> be-you, </td><td align="center"> old-woman </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">waŋ </td><td align="center"> teḣiya </td><td align="center"> omakiḣaŋ do, </td><td align="center"> eya, </td><td align="center"> keyapi. </td><td align="center"> Uŋkaŋ, </td><td align="center"> Tokeŋ </td><td align="center"> nićiḣaŋ he, </td><td align="center"> eya. </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">a </td><td align="center"> hardly </td><td align="center"> me-dealt-with, </td><td align="center"> he-said, </td><td align="center"> they say. </td><td align="center"> And, </td><td align="center"> How </td><td align="center"> to-thee-did-she, </td><td align="center"> he-said. </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">Uŋkaŋ, </td><td align="center"> Waḳin </td><td align="center"> waŋ </td><td align="center"> taŋka </td><td align="center"> hnaka e </td><td align="center"> waŋmdake </td><td align="center"> ć̣a </td><td align="center"> heoŋ </td><td align="center"> otpa </td><td align="center"> awape: </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">And, </td><td align="center"> Pack </td><td align="center"> a </td><td align="center"> large </td><td align="center"> she-laid-away </td><td align="center"> I-saw </td><td align="center"> and </td><td align="center"> therefore </td><td align="center"> to-go-for </td><td align="center"> I waited: </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">k̇a </td><td align="center"> waŋna </td><td align="center"> haŋ </td><td align="center"> tehaŋ </td><td align="center"> k̇ehan, </td><td align="center"> iśtiŋbe </td><td align="center"> seća e </td><td align="center"> en </td><td align="center"> mde </td><td align="center"> ć̣a </td><td align="center"> pa </td><td align="center"> timaheŋ </td><td> 6</td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">and </td><td align="center"> now </td><td align="center"> night </td><td align="center"> far </td><td align="center"> then, </td><td align="center"> she-asleep </td><td align="center"> probably </td><td align="center"> there </td><td align="center"> I went </td><td align="center"> and </td><td align="center"> head </td><td align="center"> house-in </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">yewaya, </td><td align="center"> uŋkaŋ </td><td align="center"> kiktahaŋ </td><td align="center"> waŋke </td><td align="center"> śta </td><td align="center"> hećamoŋ: </td><td align="center"> k̇a, </td><td align="center"> Śi, </td><td align="center"> de </td><td align="center"> tukten </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">I-poked, </td><td align="center"> and </td><td align="center"> awake </td><td align="center"> lay </td><td align="center"> although </td><td align="center"> this-I-did: </td><td align="center"> and, </td><td align="center"> shoo, </td><td align="center"> this </td><td align="center"> where </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">yau he, </td><td align="center"> eye, </td><td align="center"> ć̣a </td><td align="center"> itohna </td><td align="center"> amape, </td><td align="center"> ć̣a </td><td align="center"> dećen </td><td align="center"> iyemayaŋ </td><td align="center"> ce, </td><td align="center"> eye </td><td align="center"> ć̣a </td><td align="center"> kipazo. </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">you-come, </td><td align="center"> she-<br />said, </td><td align="center"> and </td><td align="center"> face-on </td><td align="center"> smote-<br />me, </td><td align="center"> and </td><td align="center"> thus </td><td align="center"> she-me-left </td><td align="center"> </td><td align="center"> he-said </td><td align="center"> and </td><td align="center"> showed-<br />him. </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">Uŋkaŋ, </td><td align="center"> Huŋhuŋhe! </td><td align="center"> teḣiya </td><td align="center"> ećanićoŋ do, </td><td align="center"> ihomeća </td><td align="center"> waḳiŋ </td><td align="center"> kiŋ </td><td align="center"> uŋtapi </td><td> 9</td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">And, </td><td align="center"> Alas! alas! </td><td align="center"> hardly </td><td align="center"> she-did-to-you, </td><td align="center"> therefore </td><td align="center"> pack </td><td align="center"> the </td><td align="center"> we-eat </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">kta ce, </td><td align="center"> eye </td><td align="center"> ć̣a, </td><td align="center"> Mnićiya wo, </td><td align="center"> eya, </td><td align="center"> keyapi. </td><td align="center"> Ito, </td><td align="center"> Minibozaŋna </td><td align="center"> kićo wo, </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">will, </td><td align="center"> he-said </td><td align="center"> and, </td><td align="center"> Assemble, </td><td align="center"> he-said, </td><td align="center"> they say. </td><td align="center"> Now, </td><td align="center"> Water-mist </td><td align="center"> call, </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">ka, </td><td align="center"> Yaksa </td><td align="center"> taŋiŋ śni </td><td align="center"> kico wo, </td><td align="center"> Tahu </td><td align="center"> waśaka </td><td align="center"> kico wo, </td><td align="center"> k̇a, </td><td align="center"> Taisaŋpena </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">and </td><td align="center"> Bite off </td><td align="center"> not manifest </td><td align="center"> call, </td><td align="center"> Neck </td><td align="center"> strong </td><td align="center"> invite, </td><td align="center"> and, </td><td align="center"> His-knife-sharp </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">kico wo, </td><td align="center"> eya, </td><td align="center"> keyapi. </td><td align="center"> Uŋkaŋ </td><td align="center"> owasiŋ </td><td align="center"> wićakićo: </td><td align="center"> ḳa </td><td align="center"> waŋna </td><td align="center"> owasiŋ </td><td align="center"> en </td><td> 12</td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">call, </td><td align="center"> he-said, </td><td align="center"> they-say. </td><td align="center"> And </td><td align="center"> all </td><td align="center"> them-he-called: </td><td align="center"> and </td><td align="center"> now </td><td align="center"> all </td><td align="center"> there </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">hipi </td><td align="center"> hehaŋ </td><td align="center"> heya, </td><td align="center"> keyapi: </td><td align="center"> Ihopo, </td><td align="center"> wakaŋka </td><td align="center"> de </td><td align="center"> teḣiya </td><td align="center"> ećakićoŋ će; </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">came </td><td align="center"> then </td><td align="center"> this-he-said, </td><td align="center"> they-say: </td><td align="center"> Come-on, </td><td align="center"> old-woman </td><td align="center"> this </td><td align="center"> hardly </td><td align="center"> dealt-with; </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">miniheić̣iyapo, </td><td align="center"> haŋyetu </td><td align="center"> hepiya </td><td align="center"> waćonića </td><td align="center"> wakiŋ </td><td align="center"> waŋ </td><td align="center"> teḣiŋda </td><td align="center"> ḳa </td><td align="center"> on </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">bestir-yourselves, </td><td align="center"> night </td><td align="center"> during </td><td align="center"> dried-meat </td><td align="center"> pack </td><td align="center"> a </td><td align="center"> she-forbid </td><td align="center"> and </td><td align="center"> for </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">teḣiya </td><td align="center"> ećakićoŋ </td><td align="center"> tuka, </td><td align="center"> ehaeś </td><td align="center"> untapi </td><td align="center"> kta </td><td align="center"> će, </td><td align="center"> eya, </td><td align="center"> keyapi. </td><td> 15</td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">hardly </td><td align="center"> dealt-with-him </td><td align="center"> but, </td><td align="center"> indeed </td><td align="center"> we eat </td><td align="center"> will </td><td align="center"> </td><td align="center"> he-said, </td><td align="center"> they say. </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">Uŋkaŋ </td><td align="center"> Minibozaŋna </td><td align="center"> ećiyapi </td><td align="center"> ḳoŋ </td><td align="center"> he </td><td align="center"> waŋna </td><td align="center"> maġaźukiye </td><td align="center"> ć̣a, </td><td align="center"> aŋpetu </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">Then </td><td align="center"> Water-mist </td><td align="center"> called </td><td align="center"> the </td><td align="center"> that </td><td align="center"> now </td><td align="center"> rain-made, </td><td align="center"> and, </td><td align="center"> day </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">oṡaŋ </td><td align="center"> maġaźu </td><td align="center"> ećen </td><td align="center"> otpaza; </td><td align="center"> ḳa </td><td align="center"> wakeya </td><td align="center"> owasiŋ </td><td align="center"> nina </td><td align="center"> spaya, </td><td align="center"> wihutipaspe </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">all-through </td><td align="center"> rained </td><td align="center"> until </td><td align="center"> dark; </td><td align="center"> and </td><td align="center"> tent </td><td align="center"> all </td><td align="center"> very </td><td align="center"> wet, </td><td align="center"> tent-pin </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">olidoka </td><td align="center"> owasiŋ </td><td align="center"> taŋyaŋ </td><td align="center"> ḣpan. </td><td align="center"> Uŋkaŋ </td><td align="center"> hehaŋ </td><td align="center"> Yaksa taŋiŋ śni </td><td align="center"> wihuti- </td><td> 18</td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">holes </td><td align="center"> all </td><td align="center"> well </td><td align="center"> soaked. </td><td align="center"> And </td><td align="center"> then </td><td align="center"> Bite-off-manifest-not </td><td align="center"> tent-fast- </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">paspe </td><td align="center"> kiŋ </td><td align="center"> owasiŋ </td><td align="center"> yakse, </td><td align="center"> tuka </td><td align="center"> taŋiŋ śni yaŋ </td><td align="center"> yakse </td><td align="center"> nakaeś </td><td align="center"> wakaŋka </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">enings </td><td align="center"> the </td><td align="center"> all </td><td align="center"> bit-off, </td><td align="center"> but </td><td align="center"> slyly </td><td align="center"> bit-off </td><td align="center"> so that </td><td align="center"> old-woman </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">kiŋ </td><td align="center"> sdonkiye </td><td align="center"> śni. </td><td align="center"> Uŋkaŋ </td><td align="center"> Tahuwaśaka </td><td align="center"> he </td><td align="center"> waḳiŋ </td><td align="center"> ḳoŋ </td><td align="center"> yape </td><td align="center"> ć̣a </td><td align="center"> maniŋ- </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">the </td><td align="center"> knew </td><td align="center"> not. </td><td align="center"> And </td><td align="center"> Neck-strong </td><td align="center"> he </td><td align="center"> pack </td><td align="center"> the </td><td align="center"> seized, </td><td align="center"> and </td><td align="center"> away </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">kiya </td><td align="center"> yapa iyeya, </td><td align="center"> ḳa </td><td align="center"> tehaŋ </td><td align="center"> eḣpeya. </td><td align="center"> Hećen </td><td align="center"> Taisaŋpena </td><td align="center"> waḳiŋ </td><td align="center"> ḳoŋ </td><td> 21</td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">off </td><td align="center"> holding-in-<br />mouth-carried, </td><td align="center"> and </td><td align="center"> far </td><td align="center"> threw-it. </td><td align="center"> So </td><td align="center"> His-knife-<br />sharp </td><td align="center"> pack </td><td align="center"> the </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">ćokaya </td><td align="center"> kiyaksa-iyeya.</td><td align="center"> Hećeŋ</td><td align="center"> waḳiŋ</td><td align="center"> ḳoŋ </td><td align="center"> haŋyetu </td><td align="center"> hepiyana </td><td align="center"> temya- </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">in-middle </td><td align="center"> tore-it-open. </td><td align="center"> Hence </td><td align="center"> pack </td><td align="center"> the </td><td align="center"> night </td><td align="center"> during </td><td align="center"> they-ate- </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">iyeyapi, </td><td align="center"> keyapi. </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">all-up, </td><td align="center"> they say. </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">Hećen </td><td align="center"> tuwe </td><td align="center"> wamanoŋ </td><td align="center"> keś, </td><td align="center"> saŋpa </td><td align="center"> iwaḣaŋić̣ida </td><td align="center"> wamanoŋ </td><td align="center"> waŋ </td><td align="center"> hduze, </td><td> 24</td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">So that </td><td align="center"> who </td><td align="center"> steals </td><td align="center"> although, </td><td align="center"> more </td><td align="center"> haughty </td><td align="center"> thief </td><td align="center"> a </td><td align="center"> marries, </td></tr> +</table> +<table summary=""> +<tr class="ind"><td align="center">eyapi </td><td align="center"> eće; </td><td align="center"> de </td><td align="center"> huŋkakaŋpi do. </td></tr> +<tr class="eng"><td align="center">they-say </td><td align="center"> always; </td><td align="center"> this </td><td align="center"> they-fable. </td></tr> +</table> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page589" id="page589"></a>[pg 589]</span> + + +<h3>NOTES.</h3> + +<p><b>588</b>, 24. This word "hduze" means <i>to take</i> or <i>hold one's own;</i> and is +most commonly applied to a man's taking a wife, or a woman a husband. +Here it may mean either that one who starts in a wicked course +consorts with others "more wicked than himself," or that he himself +grows in the bad and takes hold of the greater forms of evil—<i>marries</i> +himself to the wicked one.</p> + +<p>It will be noted from this specimen of Dakota that there are some +particles in the language which cannot be represented in a translation. +The "do" used at the end of phrases or sentences is only for emphasis +and to round up a period. It belongs mainly to the language of young +men. "Wo" and "po" are the signs of the imperative.</p> + + +<h3>TRANSLATION.</h3> + +<p>There was a dog; and there was an old woman who had a pack of +dried meat laid away. This the dog knew; and, when he supposed the +old woman was asleep, he went there at night. But the old woman was +aware of his coming and so kept watch, and, as the dog thrust his head +under the tent, she struck him across the face and made a great gash, +which swelled greatly.</p> + +<p>The next morning a companion dog came and attempted to talk with +him. But the dog was sullen and silent. The visitor said: "Tell me +what makes you so heart-sick." To which he replied: "Be still, an old +woman has treated me badly." "What did she do to you?" He answered: +"An old woman had a pack of dried meat; this I saw and +went for it; and when it was now far in the night, and I supposed she +was asleep, I went there and poked my head under the tent. But she +was lying awake and cried out: 'Shoo! what are you doing here?' and +struck me on the head and wounded me as you see."</p> + +<p>Whereupon the other dog said: "Alas! Alas! she has treated you +badly, verily we will eat up her pack of meat. Call an assembly: call +<i>Water-mist</i> (<i>i.e.</i>, rain); call <i>Bite-off-silently</i>; call <i>Strong-neck</i>; call +<i>Sharp-knife</i>." So he invited them all. And when they had all arrived, +he said: "Come on! an old woman has treated this friend badly; bestir +yourselves; before the night is past, the pack of dried meat which she +prizes so much, and on account of which she has thus dealt with our +friend, that we will eat all up".</p> + +<p>Then the one who is called <i>Rain-mist</i> caused it to rain, and it rained +all the day through until dark; and the tent was all drenched, and the +holes of the tent-pins were thoroughly softened. Then <i>Bite-off-silently</i> +bit off all the lower tent-fastenings, but he did it so quietly that the old +woman knew nothing of it. Then <i>Strong-neck</i> came and seized the pack +with his mouth, and carried it far away. Whereupon <i>Sharp-knife</i> came +and ripped the pack through the middle; and so, while it was yet night, +they ate up the old woman's pack of dried meat.</p> + +<p><i>Moral</i>.—A common thief becomes worse and worse by attaching himself +to more daring companions. This is the myth.</p> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page590" id="page590"></a>[pg 590]</span> + + +<h3>INDEX.</h3> + +<div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> +<p>Conjurers' practice <a href="#page583">583</a><br /></p> +<p>Dog's revenge, a Dakota fable <a href="#page587">587</a><br /></p> +<p>Omaha myth <a href="#page581">581</a><br /></p> +<p>Revenge, A dog's; a Dakota fable <a href="#page587">587</a><br /></p> +<p>Sweat lodges <a href="#page586">586</a><br /></p> + </div> </div> +<hr class="full" /> + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Illustration Of The Method Of +Recording Indian Languages, by J.O. Dorsey, A.S. Gatschet, and S.R. 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You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Illustration Of The Method Of Recording Indian Languages + From the First Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology, + Smithsonian Institution + +Author: J.O. Dorsey, A.S. Gatschet, and S.R. Riggs + +Release Date: November 11, 2005 [EBook #17042] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK INDIAN LANGUAGE *** + + + + +Produced by Carlo Traverso, William Flis, and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net + + + + + + + +Transcriber's note: The following symbols are used to represent +special characters: + [n] = raised (superscript) "n" + [t] = turned (inverted) "t" + [k] = turned "k" + [K] = turned "K" + [T] = turned "T" + [k=] = "k" with inferior macron + [k.] = "k" with inferior dot + [=x] = any letter "x" with superior macron + [)x] = any letter "x" with superior breve + [/x] = any letter "x" with acute accent + [`x] = any letter "x" with grave accent + [~x] = any letter "x" with superior tilde + [^x] = any letter "x" with superior circumflex + [:x] = any letter "x" with superior diaeresis + [ng] = lower-case "eng" character + [x] = Greek letter chi + [c] = "c" with slash (cent sign) + ['] = single (curly) closing quote + + + * * * * * + +SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION--BUREAU OF ETHNOLOGY. + +J.W. POWELL, DIRECTOR. + + * * * * * + +ILLUSTRATION OF THE METHOD + +OF + +RECORDING INDIAN LANGUAGES. + + * * * * * + +FROM THE MANUSCRIPTS OF MESSRS. J.O. DORSEY, A.S. GATSCHET, AND S.R. +RIGGS. + + * * * * * + + + + +ILLUSTRATION OF THE METHOD OF RECORDING INDIAN LANGUAGES. + + +HOW THE RABBIT CAUGHT THE SUN IN A TRAP. + +AN OMAHA MYTH, OBTAINED FROM F. LAFLECHE BY J. OWEN DORSEY. + +Egi[c]e|mactci[~n]'ge|ak[/a]| i[k]a[n]' |[c]i[~n]k[/e]|en[/a]-qtci| +It came| rabbit | the | his | the st. | only | +to pass| | sub. |grandmother| ob. | | + + |[t]ig[c]e|j[/u]gig[c][/a]-biam[/a]. + | dwelt | with his| they + | | own,| say. + +K[)i]|ha[n]'ega[n]tc[)e]'-qtci-hna[n]'|`[/a]bae|ah[/i]-biam[/a].| + And | morning very habit- | hunting| went thither | + | ually | | they say. | + + |Ha[n]ega[n]tc[)e]'-qtci|a[c][/a]-bi + | morning very|went, they + | | say + +ct[)e]wa[n]'|n[/i]kaci[n]ga|wi[n]'|s[/i]|sned[)e]'-qti-hna[n]| + notwith- | person | one | foot| long very as a | + standing rule | + + |s[/i]g[c]e|a[c][/a]-bit[/e]am[/a].|K[)i]|[/i]baha[n] 3 + | trail | had gone, they say. | And | to know + | him + +ga[n][c][/a]-biam[/a].|N[/i]aci[n]ga| [c]i[n]' |[)i][n]'ta[n]| + wished they say.| Person |the mv. ob.| now | + + |w[/i]ta[n][c]i[n]|b[c][/e]|t[/a]|mi[~n]ke,|e[c][/e]ga[n]-biam[/a]. + | I-first | I go | will| I who, | thought they say. + +Ha[n]'ega[n]c[)e]'-qtci|p[/a]ha[n]-bi |ega[n]'|a[c][/a]-biam[/a].| + Morning very|arose they say|having | went they say.| + + |C[)i]|[/e]gi[c]e|n[/i]kaci[n]ga| am[/a] + |Again| it | person |the mv. + happened sub. + +s[/i]g[c]e|a[c][/a]-bit[/e]am[/a].|[/E]gi[c]e|ak[/i]-biam[/a].| + trail | had gone, they say. | It came | he reached | + to pass home they say. + + | G[/a]-biam[/a]:|[k]a[n]h[/a],|w[/i]ta[n][c]i[n]|b[c][/e] 6 + |Said as follows,| grand- | I-first | I go + they say: mother, + +a[k][/i]daxe|ct[)e]wa[n]'|n[/i]kaci[n]ga|w[/i][n]'| a[n]'aqai | + I make | in spite | person | one | getting | + for myself of it ahead of me + + |a[c]a[/i] te a[n]'.|[K]a[n]h[/a],|u[k][/i]a[n][c]e + | he has gone. | Grandmother | snare + +d[/a]xe|t[/a]|minke,|k[)i]|b[c][/i]ze|t[/a]|mi[~n]ke|h[)a].|[/A]ta[n]| + I make| will|I who,| and | I take | will| I who | . | Why | + it him + + |ja[n]'|tada[n]',|[/a]-biam[/a] + | you | should? | said, + do it they say + +wa`[/u]ji[~n]ga|aka.|N[/i]aci[n]ga|i[c][/a]t'ab[c][/e]|h[)a],| + old woman |the | Person | I hate him | . | + sub. + + |[/a]-biam[/a].|K[)i]|mactci[~n]'ge|a[c][/a]- 9 + | said, | And | rabbit | went + they say. + +biam[/a].|A[c][/a]-bi|[k][)i]|c[)i]|s[/i]g[c]e|[c][/e]t[/e]am[/a].| + they | Went they | when |again| trail | had gone. | + say. say + + |[K][)i]|ha[n]'|t[)e]|i[c][/a]pe|ja[n]'-biam[/a]. + | And |night | the | waiting | lay they say. + for + +Man'd[)e]-[k]a[n]|[c]a[n]|uk[/i]nacke|gax[/a]-biam[/a],|k[)i]|s[/i]g[c]e| + bow string | the | noose | he made it | and | trail | + ob. they say, + + |[c][/e]-hna[n]|t[)e]|[)e]'di|i[c]a[n]'[c]a- + | went | the | there | he put it + habitually + +biam[/a].|[/E]gi[c]e|ha[n]'+ega[n]-tc[)e]'-qtci|u[k][/i]a[n][c]e|[c]a[n]| +they say.| It came | morning very| snare | the | + to pass ob. + + |gi[t]a[n]'be|ah[/i]-biam[/a]. |[/E]gi[c]e 12 + | to see |arrived they say.| It came + his own to pass + +mi[n]'|[c]a[n]|[c]iz[/e]|ak[/a]ma.|Ta[n]'[c]i[n]-qtci|u[c][/a]| + sun |the cv.| taken | he had, | Running very| to tell| + ob. they say. + + |ag[c][/a]-biam[/a].|[K]a[n]h[/a]|[)i]nd[/a]da[n] + |went homeward, | Grand- | what + they say. mother. + +[/e]i[n]te|b[c][/i]ze|[/e]dega[n]|a[n]'baaze-hna[n]'|h[)a],| +it may be | I took | but | me it habitually| . | + scared + + |[/a]-biam[/a].|[K]a[n]h[/a],|man'de-[k]a[n]|[c]a[n] + | said they | Grand- | bow string | the + say. mother, ob. + +ag[c][/i]ze|ka[n]bd[/e]dega[n]|a[n]'baaze-hna[n]'i|h[)a],|[/a]-biam[/a].| + I took | I wished, but | me it habitually| . |said they say.| + my own scared + + |M[/a]hi[n]|a[c]i[n]'-bi|ega[n]' 15 + | Knife |had they say| having + +[)e]'di|a[c][/a]-biam[/a].|K[)i]|eca[n]'-qtci|ah[/i]-biam[/a].| + there | went, they say. | And | near very| arrived | + they say. + + |P[/i][:a]j[)i]|ck[/a]xe.|E[/a]ta[n]|[/e]ga[n] + | Bad |you did. | Why | so + +ck[/a]xe|[)a].|[)E]'di|g[/i]-ada[n]'|i[n][c]ick[/a]-g[)a]|h[)a],| + you did| ? |Hither | come and | for me untie it | , | + + |[/a]-biam[/a]|mi[n]'|ak[/a].|Mactci[~n]'ge + | said, they | sun | the | Rabbit + say sub. + +ak[/a]|[)e]'di|a[c][/a]-bi|ct[)e]wa[n]'|na[n]'pa-bi|ega[n]'|h[/e]be| + the | there | went | notwith- |feared they| having| partly| + sub. they say standing say + + |[/i]he|a[c][/e]-hna[n]'-biam[/a].|K[)i] 3 + |passed|went habitually they say.| And + by + +[k]u`[)e]'|a[c][/a]-bi|ega[n]'|m[/a]sa-biam[/a]|man'd[)e]-[k]a[n]| + rushed | went they |having | cut with they | bow string | + say a knife say + + |[c]a[n]'.|Ga[~n]'ki|mi[n]'|[c]a[n]|ma[n]'- + | the | And | sun |the cv.| on + ob. ob. + +ci[/a]ha|[/a]i[/a][c]a-biam[/a].|K[)i]|mactci[~n]'ge|ak[/a]| + high | had gone, they say. | And | Rabbit | the | + sub. + + |[/a]b[/a][k]u|hi[n]'|[c]a[n]|n[/a]zi-biam[/a] + | space bet. | hair | the | burnt they + the shoulders ob. yellow say + +[/a]nakad[/a]-bi|ega[n]'.|(Mactci[~n]'ge| am[/a]|ak[/i]-biam[/a].)| + it was hot on | having.| (Rabbit |the mv.| reached home, | + it, they say sub. they say.) + + |[)I]tcitci+,|[k]a[n]h[/a], 6 + | Itcitci+!! |grandmother, + +n[/a][c]i[~n]g[)e]-qti-ma[n]'|h[)a],|[/a]-biam[/a].|[T][/u]cpa[c]a[n]+,| +burnt to nothing very I am | -- | said, they | Grandchild!! | + say. + + |i[n]'na[c]i[~n]g[)e]'-qti-ma[n]'|eska[n]'+, + | burnt to nothing very I am | I think, + for me + + [/a]-biam[/a].|Ceta[n]'. +said, they say.| So far. + + +NOTES. + +581, 1. Mactci[~n]ge, the Rabbit, or Si[c]e-maka[n] (meaning uncertain), +is the hero of numerous myths of several tribes. He is the deliverer of +mankind from different tyrants. One of his opponents is Ictinike, the +maker of this world, according to the Iowas. The Rabbit's grandmother +is Mother Earth, who calls mankind her children. + +581, 7. a[c]ai te a[n]. The conclusion of this sentence seems odd to the +collector, but its translation given with this myth is that furnished +by the Indian informant. + +581, 12. ha[n]+ega[n]tc[)e]-qtci, "ve--ry early in the morning." The +prolongation of the first syllable adds to the force of the adverb +"qtci," _very_. + +582, 3. hebe ihe a[c]e-hna[n]-biama. The Rabbit tried to obey the Sun; +but each time that he attempted it, he was so much afraid of him that +he passed by a little to one side. He could not go directly to him. + +582, 4. 5. ma[n]ciaha aia[c]a-biama. When the Rabbit rushed forward with +bowed head, and cut the bow-string, the Sun's departure was so rapid +that "he had _already_ gone on high." + + +ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THIS MYTH. + + cv. curvilinear. + mv. moving. + st. sitting. + sub. subject. + ob. object. + + +TRANSLATION. + +Once upon a time the Rabbit dwelt in a lodge with no one but his +grandmother. And it was his custom to go hunting very early in the +morning. No matter how early in the morning he went, a person with +very long feet had been along, leaving a trail. And he (the Rabbit), +wished to know him. "Now," thought he, "I will go in advance of the +person." Having arisen very early in the morning, he departed. Again +it happened that the person had been along, leaving a trail. Then he +(the Rabbit) went home. Said he, "Grandmother, though I arrange for +myself to go first, a person anticipates me (every time). Grandmother, +I will make a snare and catch him." "Why should you do it?" said she. +"I hate the person," he said. And the Rabbit departed. When he went, +the foot-prints had been along again. And he lay waiting for night (to +come). And he made a noose of a bow-string, putting it in the place +where the foot-prints used to be seen. And he reached there very early +in the morning for the purpose of looking at his trap. And it happened +that he had caught the Sun. Running very fast, he went homeward to +tell it. "Grandmother, I have caught something or other, but it +scares me. Grandmother, I wished to take my bow-string, but I was +scared every time," said he. He went thither with a knife. And he got +very near it. "You have done wrong; why have you done so? Come hither +and untie me," said the Sun. The Rabbit, although he went thither, was +afraid, and kept on passing partly by him (or, continued going by a +little to one side). And making a rush, with his head bent down (and +his arm stretched out), he cut the bow-string with the knife. And the +Sun had already gone on high. And the Rabbit had the hair between his +shoulders scorched yellow, it having been hot upon him (as he stooped +to cut the bow-string). (And the Rabbit arrived at home.) "Itcitci+!! +O grandmother, the heat has left nothing of me," said he. She said, +"Oh! my grandchild! I think that the heat has left nothing of him for +me." (From that time the rabbit has had a singed spot on his back, +between the shoulders.) + + * * * * * + + + + +DETAILS OF A CONJURER'S PRACTICE. + +IN THE KLAMATH LAKE DIALECT. OBTAINED FROM MINNIE FROBEN, BY A.S. +GATSCHET. + +M[/a][k=]laks|shu[/a]kiuk|k[/i]uksash|[k=][/a]-i|g[^u]'l[']hi| + Indians |in calling | the | not | enter | + conjurer + + |h[/u]nk[)e]lam|l[/a]dshashtat,|nd[/e]na + | his | into lodge, | they + halloo + +sha'hm[/o]knok;|k[/i]ush toks|w[/a]n|kiuk[/a]yank|m[^u]'luash|m[']na| + to call (him) | the conjurer| red | hanging out| as sign | his | + out; fox on a pole + + |kan[/i]ta|p[^i]'sh. + | outside |"of him." + +Kuk[/i]aks|tch[^u]'tanish|g[/a]tp[']nank|wig[/a]ta|tch[/e]l[x]a| + Conjurers| when treating| approaching | close by| sit down | + + |m[=a]'shipksh.|L[/u]tatkish 3 + | the patient. |The expounder + +wig[/a]ta|k[/i]uksh[)e]sh|tcha[']hl[/a]nshna.|Shuy[/e]ga| + close to| the conjurer | sits down. | Starts | + choruses + + | k[/i]uks, |w[/e]wanuish + |the conjurer,| females + +tch[=i]k|win[/o]ta|liuki[/a]mnank| nadsh[=a]'shak | + then | join in | crowding | simultaneously | + singing around him + + |tch[^u]tchtn[/i]shash.|H[/a]nshna + | while he treats |He sucks + (the sick). + +m[=a]'shish|h[^u]'nk|hishu[/a]kshash,|t[/a]tktish|[^i]'shkuk,| + diseased | that | man, |the disease|to extract,| + + |hantch[/i]pka|tc[=i]'k + | he sucks out| then + +kuku[/a]ga,|wishink[/a]ga,|m[^u]'lkaga,|[k=][/a][k=]o|g[^i]'ntak,| + a small | small snake, | small | bone | after- | + frog, insect, wards, + + |k[/a]haktok|n[/a]nuktua + | whatsoever| anything + +nshendshk[/a]ne.|Ts['][^u]'ks|toks| k[/e]-usht|tch[/e]k[)e]le|[/i]tkal;| + small. | A leg | | being | the (bad) | he | + fractured blood extracts; + + |l[/u]lp|toks|m[=a]'- 3 + | eyes | but| be- + + shisht |tch[/e]k[)e]litat|lg[^u]'m|sh[^u]'k[)e]lank|[k=][^i]'tua| +ing sore| into blood | coal | mixing | he pours | + eyes, + + |l[^u]'lpat,|k[^u]'tash|tchish + | into the | a louse | too + + ksh[/e]wa|l[/u]lpat|p[^u]'klash|tui[x][/a]mpgatk|lt[/u]i[x]aktgi g[/i]ug. +introduces| into the| the white | protruding | for eating out. + eye of eye + +NOTES. + +583, 1. shu[/a]kia does not mean to "_call on somebody_" generally, but +only "_to call on the conjurer_ or medicine man". + +583, 2. w[/a]n stands for w[/a]nam n[=i]'l: the fur or skin of a red +or silver fox; kan[/i]ta p[^i]'sh stands for kan[/i]tana l[/a]tchash +m'n[/a]lam: "outside of his lodge or cabin". The meaning of the sentence +is: they raise their voices to call him out. Conjurers are in the habit of +fastening a fox-skin outside of their lodges, as a business sign, and +to let it dangle from a rod stuck out in an oblique direction. + +583, 3. tch[/e]l[x]a. During the treatment of a patient, who stays in +a winter house, the lodge is often shut up at the top, and the people +sit in a circle inside in utter darkness. + +583, 5. liuki[/a]mnank. The women and all who take a part in the chorus +usually sit in a circle around the conjurer and his assistant; the +suffix -mna indicates close proximity. Nadsh[=a]'shak qualifies the +verb win[/o]ta. + +583, 5. tch[^u]tchtn[/i]shash. The distributive form of tch[^u]'t[']na refers +to each of the _various_ manipulations performed by the conjurer on +the patient. + +584, 1. m[=a]'shish, shortened from m[=a]sh[/i]pkash, m[=a]'shipksh, like +[k=]'l[:a]'ksh from k[']l[:a]k[/a]pkash. + +584, 2. 3. There is a stylistic incongruity in using the distributive +form, only in kuku[`a]ga (k[/u]e, _frog_), k[/a]haktok, and in nshendshk[/a]ne +(nshek[/a]ni, npsh[/e]kani, ts[/e]kani, tch[/e]k[)e]ni, _small_), while +inserting the absolute form in wishink[/a]ga (w[/i]shink, _garter-snake_) and +in [k=][/a][k=]o; m[^u]'lkaga is more of a generic term and its distributive +form is therefore not in use. + +583, 2. k[/a]haktok for k[/a]-akt ak; k[/a]-akt being the transposed +distributive form k[/a]kat, of k[/a]t, which, what (pron. relat.). + +584, 4. lg[^u]'m. The application of remedial _drugs_ is very unfrequent +in this tribe; and this is one of the reasons why the term "conjurer" +or "shaman" will prove to be a better name for the medicine man than +that of "Indian doctor". + +584, 4. k[^u]'tash etc. The conjurer introduces a louse into the eye to +make it eat up the protruding white portion of the sore eye. + + + + +K[/A]LAK. + + +THE RELAPSE. + + +IN THE KLAMATH LAKE DIALECT BY DAVE HILL. OBTAINED BY A.S. GATSCHET. + +H[:a]|n[/a]y[:a]ns|hissu[/a]ksas|m[=a]'shitk|k[/a]lak,|ts[/u]i|k[/i]uks| +When | another | man | fell sick | as | then | the | + relapsed, conjurer + + |n[:a]'-ulakta|tchu- + | concludes | to + +t[/a]nuapkuk.|Tch[/u]i|tch[/u]ta;|tch[/u]i|y[/a]-uks|huk |shl[:a][/a]| + treat (him).| And | he | and | remedy |this| finds out | + treats; + + |k[/a]lak a g[=e]k. | Tchi + |(that) relapsed he.| Thus + +huk|shu[^i]'sh|s[/a]pa.|Ts[/u]i|n[=a]'sh|shu[=i]'sh|s[/a]yuaks| +the| song- | indi- | And | one | song- | having | + remedy cates. remedy found out + + |h[^u]'mtcha k[/a]lak,|tch[/u]i 3 + | (that) of the kind | then + of relapsed (he is), + +n[/a]nuk|h[^u]k|shu[=i]'sh|tp[:a]'wa|h[^u]'nksht|kaltchitch[/i]kshash| + all | those| remedies | indicate|(that) him |the spider(-remedy) | + + |heshuamp[)e]l[/i]tki + | would + +g[/i]ug.|Tch[/u]i|h[^u]'k|k[/a]ltchitchiks|y[/a]-uka;| ub[/a]-us| + cure. | Then | the | spider | treats |a piece of| + him; deer-skin + + |h[^u]k|k[/a]ltchitchiksam + | | of the spider + +tchut[)e]n[=o]'tkish.|Ts[/u]i|h[/u]kantka|ub[/a]-ustka|tchut[/a];| +(is) the curing-tool.| Then | by means | deer-skin | he treats| + of that (him); | + + |t[:a]t[/a]ktak| huk 6 + | just the size|that + | of the spot + +k[/a]lak|m[=a]'sha,|g[:a]'tak|ub[/a]-ush|kt[^u]'shka|t[:a]'tak|huk| + relapse| is | so much | of deer- | he cuts | as where| he| + infected, skin out + + |m[=a]'sha.|Ts[/u]i|h[^u]k + | is | Then | + suffering. + +k[/a]ltchitchiks|siun[/o]ta|n[:a]'ds[k=]ank|h[^u]'nk|ub[/a]-nsh.| + the "spider" |is started| while applying| that |skin piece.| + song + + |Tch[^u]'yuk|p'la[/i]ta + | And he | over it + +n[/e]tatka|sk[/u]tash,|ts[/u]i| sha|h[^u]'nk|ud[^u]'pka| + he | a blanket,| and |they| it | strike | + stretches + + |h[:a]n[:a]'shishtka,|ts[/u]i|h[^u]'k 9 + | with conjurer's | then | it + arrows, + +gut[:a]'ga|tsul[:a]'kshtat;| g[:a]'tsa|l[^u]'p[/i]|kiat[/e]ga,| + enters | into the body; |a particle| firstly | enters, | + + |ts[/u]i|tsul[=e]'ks|[k=]'l[:a]k[/a],|tch[/u]i + | then | (it) body | becomes, | and + +at |pushp[/u]shuk|shl[=e]'sh|h[^u]k|ub[/a]-ush.|Ts[/u]i|m[=a]'ns| +now| dark it |to look at| that |skin-piece.| Then | after | + a while + + |t[/a]nk[)e]ni ak|wa[/i]tash + | after so and | days + so many + +h[^u]'k|p[^u]shp[/u]shli at|m[=a]'ns=g[^i]tk|tsul[:a]'ks=sitk| + that | black (thing) | at last |(is) flesh-like | + + |shl[:a]'sh.|Ts[/i]|n[/i]|s[/a]yuakta; 12 + |to look at.| Thus | I |am informed; + +t[/u]mi|h[^u]'nk|sh[/a]yuakta|h[^u]'masht=g[^i]sht|tchut[=i]'sht;| + many | | know | (that) in this | were effected| + men manner cures; + + |ts[/u]yuk|ts[/u]shni + | and he | always + then + +w[:a]'mp[)e]le. +was well again. + + +NOTES. + +585, 1. n[/a]y[:a]ns hissu[/a]ksas: another man than the conjurers of the +tribe. The objective case shows that m[=a]'shitk has to be regarded +here as the participle of an impersonal verb: m[=a]'sha n[^u]sh, and +m[=a]'sha n[^u], it ails me, I am sick. + +585, 2. y[/a]-uks is remedy in general, spiritual as well as material. +Here a tam[/a]nuash song is meant by it, which, when sung by the +conjurer, will furnish him the certainty if his patient is a relapse +or not. There are several of these medicine-songs, but all of them +(n[/a]nuk h[^u]'k shu[=i]'sh) when consulted point out the spider-medicine +as the one to apply in this case. The spider's curing-instrument is +that small piece of buckskin (ub[/a]-ush) which has to be inserted under +the patient's skin. It is called the spider's medicine because the +spider-song is sung during its application. + +585, 10. gut[:a]'ga. The whole operation is concealed from the eyes of +spectators by a skin or blanket stretched over the patient and the +hands of the operator. + +585, 10. kiat[/e]ga. The buckskin piece has an oblong or longitudinal +shape in most instances, and it is passed under the skin sideways and +very gradually. + +585, 11. t[/a]nk[)e]ni ak wa[/i]tash. Dave Hill gave as an approximate +limit five days' time. + + * * * * * + + + +SWEAT-LODGES. + + +IN THE KLAMATH LAKE DIALECT BY MINNIE FROBEN. OBTAINED BY A.S. +GATSCHET. + +[/E]-ukshkni|l[/a]pa|sp[^u]'klish|g[/i]tko.|[K=][/u][k=]iuk| + The lake | two | sweat- | have. | To weep over | + people (kinds lodges + of) + + |[k=][)e]lekapkash|sp[^u]'klishla + | the deceased | they build + sweat-lodges + + y[/e]pank|k[:a][/i]la;|stut[/i]lantko|sp[^u]'klish,|k[:a][/i]la| +digging up| the ground;| are roofed | (these) |with earth | + sweat-lodges + + |waltch[/a]tko.|Sp[^u]'klish a + | covered. | (Another) + sweat-lodge + +sha |sh[^u]'ta|ku[/e]-utch,|k[/i]tchikan[']sh|stin[/a]ga=sh[/i]tko;| +they| build | of willows,| a little | cabin looking like | + + |sk[^u]'tash a|w[/a]ldsha 3 + | blankets | they + spread + +sp[^u]'klishtat|tatat[/a]k s[)e]|spukli[/a].|T[/a]tataks a h[^u]'nk| + over the |when in it they | sweat. | Whenever | + sweating-lodge + + | w[/e]as|l[/u]la,|tat[/a]taks + |children| died, | or when + +a h[/i]shuaksh|tch[/i]m[)e]na,|sn[/a]wedsh|w[/e]nuitk,|[k=][^u]'[k=]i| + a husband | became | (or) the | (is) | they weep | + widower, wife | widowed, + + |[k=][)e]lek[/a]tko,|sp[^u]'klitcha + |for cause of death | go sweating + +t[/u]mi|shash[/a]moks=l[/o]latko;|t[/u]nepni|wa[/i]tash|tch[/i]k| sa | + many | relatives who have lost | five | days | then |they| + + |h[^u]'uk|sp[^u]'klia. 6 + | | sweat. + +Shi[/u]lakiank a| sha|kt[/a]i| h[/u]yuka |skoilaku[/a]pkuk;|h[/u]toks| + Gathering |they| stones| (they) | to heap them up | those | + heat (them) (after use); + + |kt[/a]i|[k=][/a]-i tat[/a] + | stones| never + +spukli[^u]'t[']hu[=i]sh.|Sp[/u]klish|l[/u]p[)i]a|h[/u]yuka;| + having been used for |Sweat lodge|in front of| they heat| + sweating (them); + + |[k=][/e]lpka a|[/a]t,| [/i]lhiat |[/a]tui, + |heated (being)| when,| they bring |at once, + (them) inside + +[k=][/i]dshna ai|[^i]|[/a]mbu,|kliul[/a]la.|Sp[^u]'kli|a sha| + pour | on | water, | sprinkle. | Sweat |then | + them they + + |t[/u]m[)e]ni|"hours";|[k=][/e]lpkuk 9 + | several | hours; | being quite + warmed up + +g[/e]ka|shualk[/o]ltchuk|p[/e]niak|[k=][=o]'[k=]s|p[/e]pe-udshak| + they | (and) to cool | without | dress | only to go | + leave | themselves off bathing + + |[/e]wagatat,|[k=][/o][k=]etat,|[/e]-ush + |in a spring,| river, | lake + +wig[/a]ta.|Spukli-u[/a]pka|m[=a]'ntch.| Shp[/o]tuok |i-ak[/e]wa| +close by. |They will sweat| for long |To make them-| they bend| + hours. selves strong down + + | k[/a]pka, |sk[^u]'tawia + |young pine-| (they) tie + trees together + +sha |w[/e]wakag|kn[^u]'kstga.|Ndshi[/e]tchatka|kn[^u]'ks a|sha | +they| small | with ropes. |Of (willow-)bark| the ropes |they| + brushwood + + |sh[/u]shata. 12 + | make. + +G[/a]tpamp[)e]lank|shkoshk[^i]'l[x]a|kt[/a]ktiag|h[^u]'shkankok| + On going home |they heap up into| small |in remembrance| + cairns stones + + |[k=][)e]lek[/a]pkash,|kt[/a]-i + | of the dead, | stones + +sh[/u]shuankaptcha|[^i]'hiank. + of equal size |selecting. + + +NOTES. + +No Klamath or Modoc sweat-lodge can be properly called a +sweat-_house_, as is the custom throughout the West. One kind of these +lodges, intended for the use of mourners only, are solid structures, +almost underground; three of them are now in existence, all believed +to be the gift of the principal national deity. Sudatories of the +other kind are found near every Indian lodge, and consist of a few +willow-rods stuck into the ground, both ends being bent over. The +process gone through while sweating is the same in both kinds of +lodges, with the only difference as to time. The ceremonies mentioned +4-13. all refer to sweating in the mourners' sweat-lodges. The +sudatories of the Oregonians have no analogy with the _estufas_ of +the Pueblo Indians of New Mexico, as far as their construction is +concerned. + +586, 1. l[/a]pa sp[^u]'klish, two sweat-lodges, stands for two _kinds_ of +sweat-lodges. + +586, 5. shash[/a]moks=l[/o]latko forms _one_ compound word: one who, +or: those who have lost relatives by death; cf. pt[/i]sh=l[^u]lsh, +pg[/i]sh=l[^u]lsh; hishu[/a]kga pt[/i]sh=l[/u]latk, male orphan whose +father has died. In the same manner, [k=][)e]lek[/a]tko stands here as a +participle referring simultaneously to h[/i]shuaksh and to sn[/a]wedsh +w[/e]nuitk, and can be rendered by "_bereaved_". Shash[/a]moks, distr. +form of sh[/a]-amoks, is often pronounced shesh[/a]maks. T[/u]mi etc. +means, that many others accompany to the sweat-lodge, into which about +six persons can crowd themselves, bereaved husbands, wives or parents, +because the deceased were related to them. + +586, 7. Shi[/u]lakiank etc. For developing steam the natives collect +only such stones for heating as are neither too large nor too small; +a medium size seeming most appropriate for concentrating the largest +amount of heat. The old sweat-lodges are surrounded with large +accumulations of stones which, to judge from their blackened exterior, +have served the purpose of generating steam; they weigh not over 3 to +5 pounds in the average, and in the vicinity travelers discover many +small cairns, not over four feet high, and others lying in ruins. +The shrubbery around the sudatory is in many localities tied up with +willow wisps and ropes. + +586, 11. Spukli-u[/a]pka m[=a]'ntch means that the sweating-process is +repeated many times during the five days of observance; they sweat at +least twice a day. + + * * * * * + + + +A DOG'S REVENGE. + +A DAKOTA FABLE, BY MICHEL RENVILLE. OBTAINED BY REV. S.R. RIGGS. + +[/S]u[ng]ka|wa[ng];|[k.]a |waka[ng]ka |wa[ng]|wa[k.]i[ng]|wa[ng]| + Dog | a; | and | old-woman | a | pack | a | + + |ta[ng]ka| hnaka. |U[ng]kan + | large |laid away.| And + +[/s]u[ng]ka|[k.]o[ng]| he |sdonya.|U[ng]ka[ng]|wa[ng]na|ha[ng]yetu,| + dog | the |that| knew. | And | now | night, | + + |u[ng]ka[ng]|waka[ng]ka + | and | old-woman + +i[/s]tinman|ke[/c]i[ng]|[k.]a| en | ya: |tuka|waka[ng]ka|ki[ng]| + asleep | he thought| and |there|went:| but| old woman| the | + + |sdonkiye|[/c.]a|kiktaha[ng] 3 + | knew | and | awake + +wa[ng]ke,|[/c.]a| ite |hdaki[ng]ya[ng]| ape |[/c.]a|ki[/c]akse,| + lay, | and |face | across |struck| and | gashed, | + + |[/c.]a|nina| po, | keyapi. + | and |much|swelled,|they say. + +U[ng]ka[ng]|ha[ng][.h]a[ng]na|heha[ng]|[/s]u[ng]ka|toke[/c]a|wa[ng]| + And | morning | then | dog | another | a | + + | en | hi, |[k.]a| okiya | ya. + |there|came,| and |to-talk-with|went. + +Tuka|pamahdeda[ng]| ite| mahen| inina|ya[ng]ka.|U[ng]ka[ng]|taku| + But| head-down |face|within|silent| was. | And |what| + + |i[/c]ante|ni[/s]i[/c]a + | of-heart| you-bad + +heci[ng]ha[ng]|omakiyaka wo,| eya. |U[ng]ka[ng],|Inina | + if | me-tell, |he-said.| And, |still | + + |ya[ng]ka wo,|waka[ng]ka 3 + | old-woman + +wa[ng]|te[.h]iya|omaki[.h]a[ng] do,| eya, | keyapi. |U[ng]ka[ng],| + a | hardly | me-dealt-with, |he-said,|they say.| And, | + + |Toke[ng]|ni[/c]i[.h]a[ng] he,| eya. + | How | to-thee-did-she, |he-said. + +U[ng]ka[ng],|Wa[k.]in| wa[ng]|ta[ng]ka| hnaka e |wa[ng]mdake|[/c.]a| + And, | Pack | a | large |she-laid-away| I-saw | and | + + | heo[ng] | otpa | awape: + |therefore|to-go-for|I waited: + +[.k]a|wa[ng]na|ha[ng]|teha[ng]|[.k]ehan,|i[/s]ti[ng]be|se[/c]a e| en | + and | now |night | far | then, | she-asleep | probably|there| + + | mde |[/c.]a| pa |timahe[ng] 6 + |I went| and |head| house-in + +yewaya, |u[ng]ka[ng]|kiktaha[ng]|wa[ng]ke| [/s]ta |he[/c]amo[ng]:| +I-poked,| and | awake | lay |although| this-I-did: | + + |[.k]a,|[/S]i,| de |tukten + | and, | shoo,|this| where + + yau he, | eye, |[/c.]a| itohna| amape, |[/c.]a|de[/c]en| +you-come,|she-said,| and |face-on|smote-me,| and | thus | + + |iyemaya[ng] ce,| eye |[/c.]a| kipazo. + |she-me-left |he-said| and |showed-him. + +U[ng]ka[ng],|Hu[ng]hu[ng]he!|te[.h]iya|e[/c]ani[/c]o[ng] do,| + And, | Alas! alas! | hardly | she-did-to-you, | + + |ihome[/c]a|wa[k.]i[ng]|ki[ng]|u[ng]tapi 9 + |therefore | pack | the | we-eat + +kta ce,|eye |[/c.]a,|Mni[/c]iya wo,|eya, |keyapi.|Ito,|Miniboza[ng]na| + will, |he- | and, | Assemble, | he- | they |Now,| Water-mist | + said said, say. + + |ki[/c]o wo, + | call, + +ka,|Yaksa|ta[ng]i[ng] [/s]ni|kico wo,|Tahu|wa[/s]aka|kico wo,|[.k]a,| +and| Bite| not manifest | call, |Neck| strong | invite,| and, | + off + + | Taisa[ng]pena + |His-knife-sharp + +kico wo,| eya, | keyapi. |U[ng]ka[ng]|owasi[ng]|wi[/c]aki[/c]o:| + call, |he-said,|they-say.| And | all |them-he-called:| + + |[k.]a|wa[ng]na|owasi[ng]| en 12 + | and | now | all |there + +hipi|heha[ng]| heya, | keyapi: | Ihopo, |waka[ng]ka| de | +came| then |this-he-said,|they-say:|Come-on,| old-woman|this| + + |te[.h]iya|e[/c]aki[/c]o[ng] [/c]e; + | hardly | dealt-with; + +minihei[/c.]iyapo,|ha[ng]yetu|hepiya|wa[/c]oni[/c]a|waki[ng]|wa[ng]| +bestir-yourselves,| night |during| dried-meat | pack | a | + + |te[.h]i[ng]da|[k.]a| on + | she-forbid | and | for + +te[.h]iya|e[/c]aki[/c]o[ng]|tuka,|ehae[/s]|untapi|kta [/c]e,| + hardly | dealt-with-him | but,| indeed |we eat|will | + + | eya, | keyapi. 15 + |he-said,|they say. + +U[ng]ka[ng]|Miniboza[ng]na|e[/c]iyapi|[k.]o[ng]| he |wa[ng]na| + Then | Water-mist | called | the |that| now | + + |ma[.g]a[/z]ukiye|[/c.]a,|a[ng]petu + | rain-made, | and, | day + + o[.s]a[ng]|ma[.g]a[/z]u|e[/c]en|otpaza;|[k.]a|wakeya|owasi[ng]| nina | +all-through| rained | until | dark; | and | tent | all | very | + + |spaya,|wihutipaspe + | wet, | tent-pin + +olidoka|owasi[ng]|ta[ng]ya[ng]|[.h]pan.|U[ng]ka[ng]|heha[ng]| + holes | all | well |soaked. | And | then | + + |Yaksa ta[ng]i[ng] [/s]ni| wihuti- 18 + | Bite-off-manifest-not | tent-fast- + +paspe |ki[ng]|owasi[ng]| yakse, |tuka |ta[ng]i[ng][/s]ni ya[ng]| yakse | +enings| the | all |bit-off,| but | slyly |bit-off| + + |nakae[/s]|waka[ng]ka + | so that | old-woman + +ki[ng]|sdonkiye|[/s]ni.|U[ng]ka[ng]|Tahuwa[/s]aka| he |wa[k.]i[ng]| + the | knew | not. | And | Neck-strong | he | pack | + + |[k.]o[ng]| yape |[/c.]a|mani[ng]- + | the |seized,| and | away + +kiya| yapa iyeya, |[k.]a|teha[ng]|e[.h]peya.|He[/c]en|Taisa[ng]pena| + off| holding-in- | and | far | threw-it.| So | His-knife- | + mouth-carried sharp + + |wa[k.]i[ng]|[k.]o[ng] 21 + | pack | the + +[/c]okaya |kiyaksa-iyeya.|He[/c]e[ng]|wa[k.]i[ng]|[k.]o[ng]|ha[ng]yetu| +in-middle | tore-it-open.| Hence | pack | the | night | + + |hepiyana| temya- + | during |they-ate- + +iyeyapi,| keyapi. +all-up, | they say. + +He[/c]en|tuwe|wamano[ng]| ke[/s], |sa[ng]pa|iwa[.h]a[ng]i[/c.]ida| +So that | who| steals |although,| more | haughty | + + |wamano[ng]|wa[ng]| hduze, 24 + | thief | a |marries, + + eyapi |e[/c]e;| de |hu[ng]kaka[ng]pi do. +they-say|always;|this| they-fable. + + +NOTES. + +588, 24. This word "hduze" means _to take_ or _hold one's own;_ +and is most commonly applied to a man's taking a wife, or a woman +a husband. Here it may mean either that one who starts in a wicked +course consorts with others "more wicked than himself," or that he +himself grows in the bad and takes hold of the greater forms of +evil--_marries_ himself to the wicked one. + +It will be noted from this specimen of Dakota that there are +some particles in the language which cannot be represented in a +translation. The "do" used at the end of phrases or sentences is +only for emphasis and to round up a period. It belongs mainly to the +language of young men. "Wo" and "po" are the signs of the imperative. + + +TRANSLATION. + +There was a dog; and there was an old woman who had a pack of dried +meat laid away. This the dog knew; and, when he supposed the old woman +was asleep, he went there at night. But the old woman was aware of his +coming and so kept watch, and, as the dog thrust his head under the +tent, she struck him across the face and made a great gash, which +swelled greatly. + +The next morning a companion dog came and attempted to talk with him. +But the dog was sullen and silent. The visitor said: "Tell me what +makes you so heart-sick." To which he replied: "Be still, an old woman +has treated me badly." "What did she do to you?" He answered: "An old +woman had a pack of dried meat; this I saw and went for it; and when +it was now far in the night, and I supposed she was asleep, I went +there and poked my head under the tent. But she was lying awake and +cried out: 'Shoo! what are you doing here?' and struck me on the head +and wounded me as you see." + +Whereupon the other dog said: "Alas! Alas! she has treated you +badly, verily we will eat up her pack of meat. Call an assembly: +call _Water-mist_ (i.e., rain); call _Bite-off-silently_; call +_Strong-neck_; call _Sharp-knife_." So he invited them all. And when +they had all arrived, he said: "Come on! an old woman has treated this +friend badly; bestir yourselves; before the night is past, the pack of +dried meat which she prizes so much, and on account of which she has +thus dealt with our friend, that we will eat all up". + +Then the one who is called _Rain-mist_ caused it to rain, and it +rained all the day through until dark; and the tent was all drenched, +and the holes of the tent-pins were thoroughly softened. Then +_Bite-off-silently_ bit off all the lower tent-fastenings, but +he did it so quietly that the old woman knew nothing of it. Then +_Strong-neck_ came and seized the pack with his mouth, and carried it +far away. Whereupon _Sharp-knife_ came and ripped the pack through the +middle; and so, while it was yet night, they ate up the old woman's +pack of dried meat. + +_Moral_.--A common thief becomes worse and worse by attaching himself +to more daring companions. This is the myth. + + +INDEX. + + Conjurers' practice 583 + Dog's revenge, a Dakota fable 587 + Omaha myth 581 + Revenge, A dog's; a Dakota fable 587 + Sweat lodges 586 + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Illustration Of The Method Of +Recording Indian Languages, by J.O. Dorsey, A.S. Gatschet, and S.R. 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