diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'old')
| -rw-r--r-- | old/13551-8.txt | 2441 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/13551-8.zip | bin | 0 -> 45283 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/13551-h.zip | bin | 0 -> 47550 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/13551-h/13551-h.htm | 2392 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/13551.txt | 2441 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | old/13551.zip | bin | 0 -> 45219 bytes |
6 files changed, 7274 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/old/13551-8.txt b/old/13551-8.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d35e797 --- /dev/null +++ b/old/13551-8.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2441 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes & Queries, No. 50. Saturday, October +12, 1850, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes & Queries, No. 50. Saturday, October 12, 1850 + A Medium Of Inter-Communication For Literary Men, Artists, + Antiquaries, Genealogists, Etc. + + +Author: Various + +Release Date: September 28, 2004 [EBook #13551] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES & QUERIES, NO. 50. *** + + + + +Produced by Jon Ingram, David King, the PG Online Distributed +Proofreading Team, and The Internet Library of Early Journals + + + + + +NOTES AND QUERIES: + +A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, +GENEALOGISTS, ETC. + + * * * * * + +"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE. + + * * * * * + +No. 50.] SATURDAY, OCTOBER 12, 1850 [Price Threepence. Stamped Edition 4d. + + * * * * * {305} + + +CONTENTS + +NOTES:--Page + + A Note on "Small Words". 305 + Gray's Elegy, by Bolton Corney. 306 + Gray's Elegy in Portuguese. 306 + Further Notes on the Authorship of Henry VIII. 306 + Queen Elizabeth and Sir Henry Nevill, by Lord + Braybrooke. 307 + Minor Notes:--Whales--Bookbinding--Scott's + Waverley--Satyayrata. 307 + +QUERIES:-- + The Black Rood of Scotland. 308 + Minor Queries:--Trogus Pompeius--Mortuary + Stanzas--Laird of Grant--Bastille, Records of,--Orkney + under Norwegians--Swift's Works--Pride of the + Morning--Bishop Durdent and the Staffordshire Historians--Pope and + Bishop Burgess--Daniel's Irish New Testament--Ale Draper--Eugene + Aram--Latin Epigram--Couplet in Defoe--Books + wanted to refer to--Watermarks in + Writing-paper--Puzzling Epitaph--Cornish MSS.--Bilderdijk + the Poet--Egyptian MSS.--Scandinavian + Priesthood--Thomas Volusemus. 309 + +REPLIES:-- + Curfew. 311 + Engelmann's Bibliotheca Scriptorum Classicorum. 312 + Crozier and Pastoral Staff, by Rev. M. Walcott. 313 + Parsons, the Staffordshire Giant, by E.F. Rimbault, + L.L.D. 314 + Wormwood Wine, by S.W. Singer, &c. 315 + Replies to Minor Queries:--Feltham's Works--Harefinder--Fool + or a Physician--Papers of Perjury--Pilgrim's + Road--Capture of Henry VI.--Andrew + Beckett--Passage in Vida--Quem Deus--Countess + of Desmond--Confession--Cayell, Meaning of,--Lord + Kingsborough's Mexico--Aërostation--Concolinel--Andrewes's + Tortura Torti, &c. 315 + +MISCELLANEOUS:-- + Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &c. 319 + Books and Odd Volumes Wanted. 319 + Notices to Correspondents. 319 + Advertisements. 320 + + * * * * * + + +NOTES. + +A NOTE ON "SMALL WORDS." + + "And ten small words creep on in one dull line." + +Most ingenious! most felicitous! but let no man despise little words, +despite of the little man of Twickenham. He himself knew better, but +there was no resisting the temptation of such a line as that. Small +words he says, in plain prosaic criticism, are generally "stiff and +languishing, but they may be beautiful to express melancholy." + +The English language is a language of small words. It is, says Swift, +"overstocked with monosyllables." It cuts down all its words to the +shortest possible dimensions: a sort of half-Procrustes, which lops but +never stretches. In one of the most magnificent passages in Holy Writ, +that, namely, which describes the death of Sisera:-- + + "At her feet he bowed, he fell: at her feet he bowed, he fell, + he lay down: where he bowed, there he fell down dead." + +There are twenty-two monosyllables to three of greater length, or rather +to the same dissyllable thrice repeated; and that too in common parlance +proncounced as a monosyllable. The passage in the Book of Ezekiel, which +Coleride is said to have considered the most sublime in the whole +Bible,-- + + "And He said unto me, son of man, can these bones live? And I + answered, O Lord God, though knowest,"-- + +contains seventeen monosyllables to three others. And in the most grand +passage which commences the Gospel of St. John, from the first to the +fourteenth verses, inclusive, there are polysyllables twenty-eight, +monosyllables two hundred and one. This it may be said is poetry, but +not verse, and therefore makes but little against the critic. Well then, +out of his own mouth shall he be confuted. In the fourth epistle of his +_Essay on Man_, a specimen selected purely at random from his works, and +extending altogether to three hundred and ninety-eight lines, there are +no less than twenty-seven (that is, a trifle more than one out of every +fifteen,) made up _entirely_ of monosyllables: and over and above these, +there are one hundred and fifteen which have in them only one word of +greater length; and yet there are few dull creepers among the lines of +Pope. + +The early writers, the "pure wells of English undefiled," are full of +"small words." + +Hall, in one of the most exquisite of his satires, speaking of the +vanity of "adding house to house, and field to field," has these most +beautiful lines,-- + + "Fond fool! six feet shall serve for all thy store, + And he that cares for most shall find no more!" + +"What harmonious monosyllables!" says Mr. Gifford; and what critic will +refuse to echo his exclamation? The same writer is full of monosyllabic +lines, and he is among the most energetic {306} of satirists. By the +way, it is not a little curious, that in George Webster's _White Devil, +or Vittoria Corombona_, almost the same thought is also clothed in two +monosyllabic lines:-- + + "His wealth is summed, and this is all his store: + This poor men get, and great men get no more." + +Was Young dull? Listen, for it is indeed a "solemn sound:"-- + + "The bell strikes one. We take no note of time + Save by its loss, to give it then a tongue + Was wise in man." + +Was Milton tame? Hear the "lost archangel" calling upon Hell to receive +its new possessor:-- + + "One who brings + A mind not to be chang'd by place or time. + The mind is its own place, and in _itself_ + Can make a heav'n of hell,--a hell of heav'n. + What _matter_ where, if I be still the same, + And what I should be; all but less than he + Whom _thunder_ hath made _greater_? Here at least + We shall be free; the _Almighty_ hath not built + Here for his _envy_; will not drive us hence: + Here we may reign _secure_; and in my choice + To reign is worth _ambition_, though in hell: + _Better_ to reign in hell, than serve in heav'n!" + +A great conjunction of little words! Are monosyllables passionless? +Listen to the widowed Constance:-- + + "Thou mayst, thou shalt! I will not go with thee! + I will _instruct_ my _sorrows_ to be proud; + For grief is proud, and makes his _owner_ stout; + To me, and to the state of my great grief, + Let kings _assemble_; for my grief's so great, + That no _supporter_ but the huge firm earth + Can hold it up: here I and _sorrow_ sit; + Here is my throne: bid kings come bow to it." + +Six polysyllables only in eight lines! + +The ingenuity of Pope's line is great, but the criticism false. We +applaud it only because we have never taken the trouble to think about +the matter, and take it for granted that all monosyllabic lines must +"creep" like that which he puts forward as a specimen. The very +frequency of monosyllables in the compositions of our language is one +grand cause of that frequency passing uncommented upon by the general +reader. The investigation prompted by the criticism will serve only to +show its unsoundness. + +K.I.P.B.T. + + * * * * * + +ON GRAY'S ELEGY. + +If required to name the most popular English poem of the last century, I +should perhaps fix on the _Elegy_ of Gray. According to Mason, it "ran +through eleven editions in a very short space of time." If he means +_separate_ editions, I can point out six other impressions in the +life-time of the poet, besides those in miscellaneous collections viz. +In _Six Poems by Mr. T. Gray_, London, 1753. Folio--1765. Folio--and in +_Poems by Mr. Gray_, London, 1768. small 8o.--Glasgow 1768. 4o.--London. +A new edition, 1768. small 8o. A new edition, 1770. small 8o. So much +has been said of translations and imitations, that I shall confine +myself to the text. + +Of the _first_ separate edition I am so fortunate as to possess a copy. +It is thus entitled:-- + + "_An elegy wrote in a country church-yard_. LONDON: printed for + R. Dodsley in Pal-mall; and sold by M. Cooper in + Pater-noster-row, 1751. Price six-pense. 4o six leaves. + + "Advertisement. + + "The following POEM came into my hands by accident, if the + general approbation with which this little piece has been + spread, may be call'd by so slight a term as accident. It is + this approbation which makes it unnecessary for me to make any + apology but to the author: as he cannot but feel some + satisfaction in having pleas'd so many readers already, I + flatter myself he will forgive my communicating that pleasure to + many more. + + "The EDITOR." + +The history of this publication is given by Gray himself, in a letter to +Walpole, dated in 1751, and needs no repetition; but I must observe, as +a remarkable circumstance, that the poem was reprinted _anonymously_, in +its separate form, as late as 1763. + +I have collated the editions of 1751 and 1770, and find variations in +stanzas 1, 3, 5, 9, 10, 12, 23, 24, and 27. All the amendments, however, +were adopted as early as 1753, except the correction of a grammatical +peccadillo in the ninth stanza. + +I make this communication in the shape of a note, as it may interest men +of the world not less than certain _hermits_. + +BOLTON CORNEY. + + * * * * * + +GRAY'S ELEGY IN PORTUGUESE. + +In several numbers of the "NOTES AND QUERIES" mention is made of various +translations into foreign languages of GRAY'S _Elegy in a Country +Church-yard_. P.C.S.S. begs leave to add to the list a very elegant +translation into Portuguese, by the Chevalier Antonio de Aracejo +(afterwards Minister of Foreign Affairs at Lisbon and at Rio de +Janeiro), to whose friendship he was indebted many years ago for a copy +of it. It was privately printed at Lisbon towards the close of the last +century, and was subsequently reprinted at Paris in 1802, in a work +called _Traductions interlinéaires, en six Langues_, by A.M.H. Boulard. + +P.C.S.S. + + * * * * * + +FURTHER NOTES ON THE AUTHORSHIP OF SHAKSPEARE'S HENRY VIII. + +The Gentleman's Magazine for the present month contains a letter from +Mr. Spedding, the author of the essay which appeared in the August {307} +number of that magazine on the authorship of _Henry VIII._ After +expressing himself "gratified but not surprised" by the coincidence +between his views and those of Mr. Hickson in "NOTES AND QUERIES" (Vol. +ii., p. 198.), Mr. Spedding proceeds: + + "The resemblance of the style, in some parts of the play, to + Fletcher's, was pointed out to me several years ago by Alfred + Tennyson (for I do not know why I should not mention his name); + and long before that, the general distinctions between + Shakspeare's manner and Fletcher's had been admirably explained + by Charles Lamb in his note on the _Two Noble Kinsmen_, and by + Mr. Spalding in his Essay. And in respect to this I had myself + derived additional light, more, perhaps, than I am aware of, + from Mr. Hickson himself, if he be (as I suppose he is) the S.H. + of the _Westminster Review_. But having been thus put upon the + scent and furnished with principles, I followed the inquiry out + by myself, without help or communication. That two independent + inquirers should thus have arrived at the same conclusions upon + so many particulars, must certainly be considered very singular, + except upon one supposition; viz., that the conclusions are + according to reason. Upon that supposition, nothing is more + natural; and I must confess, for my own part, that I should have + been more surprised if the coincidence had been less exact." + +We will borrow one more paragraph from Mr. Spedding's communication +(which is distinguished throughout by the liberality of tone of a true +scholar), and we doubt not that the wish expressed at its conclusion is +one in which our readers join as heartily as ourselves:-- + + "I hope, however, that Mr. Hickson may be induced to pursue his + own investigation further, and to develop more fully the + suggestion which he throws out as to a difference of style + discernible in the scenes which he attributes to Shakspeare. If + I understand him rightly, he sees traces in this play of the + earlier as well as the later hand of both poets. I cannot say + that I perceive any indications of this myself, nor, if it be + so, can I well make out how it should have come to pass. But I + should be glad to hear more about it." + +It will be seen by the following extract from Mr. Emerson's +_Representative Men_, for which we are indebted to our correspondent +A.R., that the subject had attracted the attention of that distinguished +writer.-- + + "In _Henry VIII._, I think I see plainly the cropping out of the + original rock on which his (Shakspeare's) own finer stratum was + laid. The first play was written by a superior, thoughtful man, + with a vicious ear. I can mark his lines, and know well their + cadence. See Wolsey's Soliloquy, and the following scene with + Cromwell, where, instead of the metre of Shakspeare, whose + secret is, that the thought constructs the tune, so that reading + for the sense will best bring out the rhythm; here the lines are + constructed on a given tune, and the verse has even a trace of + pulpit eloquence. But the play contains, through all its length, + unmistakeable traits of Shakspeare's hand; and some passages, as + the account of the coronation, are like autographs. What is odd, + the compliment to Queen Elizabeth is in the bad rhythm." + + * * * * * + +QUEEN ELIZABETH AND SIR HENRY NEVILL. + +Many years ago I copied the following note from a volume of Berkshire +pedigrees in the British Museum, my reference to which is unluckily +lost. + + "Queen Elizabeth, in her first progress at Maidenhithe Bridge, + being mett by all the Nobility, Kn'ts, and Esquires of Berks, + they kneeling on both sides of her way, shee alighted at the + bridge foot, and walked on foote through the midst, and coming + just agaynst Sir Henry Nevill of Billingbear, made a stay, and + leyd her glove on his head, saying, 'I am glad to see thee, + _Brother Henry_.' Hee, not pleased with the expression, swore + she would make the court believe hee was a bastard, at which + shee laughed, and passed on." + +The masquing scene in _Henry VIII._, as described by Holinshed, perhaps +furnishes a clue to the Queen's pleasantry, though Shakspeare has +omitted the particular incident relating to Sir Henry Nevill. The old +chronicler, after giving an account of Wolsey's banquet, and the +entrance of a noble troop of strangers in masks, amongst whom he +suspected that the king made one, proceeds as follows:-- + + "Then the Lord Chamberlain said to the Cardinal, Sir, they + confesse that among them there is such a noble personage whom, + if your Grace can appointe out 'from the rest, he is content to + disclose himself and to accept your place.' Whereupon the + Cardinal, taking good advisement among them, at the last quoth + he, 'Me seemeth the gentleman in the black beard should be even + he.' And with that he arose out of his chaire and offered the + same to the gentleman in the black beard, with his cap in his + hand. The person to whom he offered the chaire was Sir Edward + Nevill, a comelie knight, that much more resembled the king's + person in that mask than anie other. The King perceiving the + Cardinal so deceived, could not forbear laughing, and pulled + down his visor and Maister Nevill's too." + +Sir Edward Nevill of Aldington, in Kent, was the second surviving son of +George Nevill, Lord Abergavenny, and the father of Sir Henry Nevill +above mentioned, who laid the foundation-stone and built the body and +one wing of Billingbear House, which still belongs to his descendant. +Sir Edward Nevill was beheaded for high treason in 1538, his likeness to +Henry VIII. not saving him from the fate which befell so many of that +king's unhappy favourites. + +BRATHBROOKE. + +Audley End. + + * * * * * + +MINOR NOTES. + +_Whales._--Tychsen thinks the stories of whales mistaken for islands +originated in the perplexities of inexperienced sailors when first +venturing from {308} the Mediterranean into a sea exposed to the tides. +I think Dr. Whewell mentions that in particular situations the turn of +the current occurs at a sufficient interval from the time of high or low +water to perplex even the most experienced sailors. + +F.Q. + + +_Bookbinding._--While the mischief of _mildew_ on the _inside_ of books +has engaged some correspondents to seek for a remedy (Vol. ii., 103. +173.), a word may be put in on behalf of the _outside_, the binding. The +present material used in binding is so soft, flabby, and unsound, that +it will not endure a week's service. I have seen a bound volume lately, +with a name of repute attached to it; and certainly the _workmanship_ is +creditable enough, but the _leather_ is just as miserable as any from +the commonest workshop. The volume cannot have been bound many months, +and yet even now, though in good hands, it is beginning to rub _smooth_, +and to look, what best expresses it emphatically, _shabby_, contrasting +most grievously with the leather of another volume, just then in use, +bound some fifty or seventy years ago, and as sound and firm as a drum's +head--_common_ binding too, be it observed--as the modern _cover_ is +flabby and washy. Pray, sir, raise a voice against this wretched +_material_, for that is the thing in fault, not the workmanship; and if +more must be paid for undoctored outsides, let it be so. + +NOVUS. + + +_Scott's Waverley._--Some years ago, a gentleman of my acquaintance, now +residing in foreign parts, told me the following story:-- + + "Once upon a time," the great unknown being engaged in a + shooting-match near his dwelling, it came to pass that all the + gun-wadding was spent, so that he was obliged to fetch _paper_ + instead. After Sir Walter had come back, his fellow-shooter + chanced to look at the succedaneum, and was not a little + astonished to see it formed part of a tale written by his + entertainer's hand. By his friend's urgent inquiries, the Scotch + romancer was compelled to acknowledge himself the author, and to + save the well nigh destroyed manuscript of _Waverley_. + +I do not know whether Sir Walter Scott was induced by _this_ incident to +publish the first of his tales or not; perhaps it occurred after several +of his novels had been printed. Now, if any body acquainted with the +anecdote I relate should perchance hit upon my endeavour to give it an +English garb, he would do me a pleasure by noting down the particulars I +might have omitted or mis-stated. I never saw the fact recorded. + +JANUS DOUSA. + + +_Satyavrata._--Mr. Kemble, _Salomon and Saturn_, p. 129., does not seem +to be aware that the Satyavrata in question was one of the forgeries +imposed on, and afterwards detected, by Wilford. + +F.Q. + + * * * * * + + +QUERIES. + +BLACK ROOD OF SCOTLAND. + +Can any of your correspondents give me any information on the following +points connected with "the Black Rood of Scotland?" + +1. What was the history of this cross before it was taken into Scotland +by St. Margaret, on the occasion of her marriage with Malcolm, king of +Scotland? Did she get it in England or in Germany? + +2. What was its size and make? One account describes it as made of gold, +and another (_Rites of Durham_, p. 16.) as of silver. + +3. Was the "Black Rood of Scotland" the same as the "Holy Cross of +Holyrood House?" One account seems to make them the same: for in the +_Rites of Durham_, p. 16., we read,-- + + "At the east end of the south aisle of the choir, was a most + fair rood, or picture of our Saviour, _in silver_, called the + _Black Rood of Scotland_, brought out of Holyrood House by King + David Bruce, and was won at the battle of Durham, with the + picture of our Lady on the one side, and St. John on the other + side, very richly wrought in silver, all three having crowns of + gold," &c. &c. + +Another account, in p. 21 of the same work, seems to make them +different; for, speaking of the battle of Neville's Cross (18th October, +1346), it says-- + + "In which said battle a _holy Cross_, which was taken out of + Holyrood House, in Scotland, by King David Bruce, was won and + taken," &c., p. 21. + +And adds,-- + + "In which battle were slain seven earls of Scotland.... and also + lost _the said cross_, and many other most worthy and excellent + jewels ... together with the Black Rood of Scotland (so termed) + with Mary and John, made of silver, being, as it were, smoked + all over," &c., p. 22. + +4. If they were the same, how is the legend concerning its discovery by +the king, upon Holyrood day, when hunting in a forest near Edinburgh, to +be reconciled with the fact of its being taken by St. Margaret into +Scotland? If they were not the same, what was the previous history of +each, and which was the cross of St. Margaret? + +5. How is the account of Simeon of Durham, that the Black Rood was +bequeathed to Durham Priory by St. Margaret, to be reconciled with the +history of its being taken from the Scotch at the battle of Neville's +Cross? + +6. May there not be a connexion between the legend of the discovery of +the "Holy Cross" between the horns of a wild hart (_Rites of Durham_, p. +21.), and the practice that existed of an offering of a stag annually +made, on St. Cuthbert's day, in September, by the Nevilles of Raby, to +the Priory of Durham? May it not have been an acknowledgement {309} that +the cross won at the battle of Neville's Cross was believed to have been +taken by King David from the hart in the forest of Edinburgh? In the +"Lament for Robert Neville," called by Surtees "the very oldest rhyme of +the North" we read-- + + "Wel, qwa sal thir hornes blaw + Haly rod thi day? + Nou is he dede and lies law + Was wont to blaw thaim ay." + +7. Is it known what became of the "Holy Cross" or "Black Rood" at the +dissolution of Durham Priory? + +P.A.F. + +Newcastle-on-Tyne. + + * * * * * + +MINOR QUERIES. + +_Trogus Pompeius._--In Hannay and Dietrichsen's _Almanuck for the Year_ +1849, I find the following statement under the head of "Remarkable +Occurrences of the Year 1847:"-- + + "July 21. A portion of the history of Trogus Pompeius (the + author abridged by Justin) is discovered in the library of + Ossolinski at Berlin." + +Not having noticed any contemporary account of this occurrence, I should +be glad of any information respecting the nature and extent of the +discovery. + +E.L.N. + + +_Mortuary Stanzas._--Could any of your readers supply me with +information respecting the practice of appending mortuary stanzas to the +yearly bills of mortality, published in many parishes; whether there are +any extant specimens of such stanzas besides those memorable poems of +Cowper written for the parish clerk of Northampton; and whether, also, +the practice is still kept up in any parts of the country? + +[Greek: Philopatris]. + + +_Laird of Grant._--In the north of England, I have repeatedly heard the +_auld wife_ remark, on observing any unwonted act of extravagance, such +as burning more than the ordinary number of candles, &c. &c.,--"Who is +to be Laird of Grant next year?" As this saying appears to be used only +in the north, I have no other medium at present than to seek a reply +through the aid of your valuable little work. + +SENEX. + + + [A similar "saw" was formerly current in the metropolis,--"What, + three candles burning! we shall be Lord Mayor next year."] + + +_Bastille, MS. Records of._--Are there amongst the MSS. of the British +Museum any documents relating to spies, or political agents, employed by +the French and English governments from 1643 to 1715, who were +incarcerated in the Bastille? + +M.V. + + +_Orkney under the Norwegians._--Torfĉus (_Orcades_), under the +transactions of the year 1430 (p. 182-3.), has an incidental mention of +the Orkneys as among the forbidden islands, "vetitĉ insulas," of which +the commerce was forbidden to strangers, and confined to the mother +country, as to this day it is with Denmark and her possessions of the +Faroe Islands and Iceland, both mentioned in the paragraph of the +historian among the islands whose commerce was restricted. It would be +very desirable to know of the social state of Orkney under the +government of Norway and its native Jarls of the Norwegian race, and or +its connexion with Norway and Denmark; and some of your correspondents +may take the trouble to point out sources of information on the subject +of this Query. + +W.H.F. + +Kirkwall + + +_Swift's Works._--In Wilde's _Closing Years of Dean Swift's Life_ (2d +edit. p. 78.) is mentioned an autograph letter from Sir Walter Scott to +C.G. Gavelin, Esq., of Dublin, in the MS. library. T.C.D., in which he +states he had nothing whatever to do with the publication or revision of +the second edition of the _Works of Jonathan Swift_. This does not agree +with the statement given in Mr. Lockhart's _Life of Sir Walter Scott_, +2d edit. vol. vii. p. 215. Who was the editor, and in what does the +second edition differ from the first? + +W.H.F. + + +"_Pride of the Morning_."--Why is the small rain which falls in the +morning, at some seasons of the year, called "the pride of the morning?" + +P.H.F. + + +_Bishop Durdent and the Staffordshire Historians._--It is stated by +Sampson Erdeswich, Esq., in his _Survey of Staffordshire_, p. 164, 12mo. +1717, that-- + + "Not far from Tame, Roger Durdent held Fisherwicke of the + bishop, 24 Ed. I. And 4 Ed. II. Nicholas Durdent was lord of it, + which I suppose was procured to some of his ancestors of the + same name by their kinsman Walter Durdent, Bishop of Litchfield, + in Henry II.'s time." + +but no authority is given for this statement. + +In Shaw's _History of Staffordshire_, p. 365., fol., 1798, it is further +recorded that-- + + "Walter Durdent, in the beginning of Henry II., appears to have + granted it (Fisherwicke) to some of his relations, for we find + William Durdent of Fisherwicke temp. Henry II.; and in the 40th + of Hen. III. Roger Durdent occurs, who held Fisherwicke of the + bishop, 24 Ed. I. In the 4 Ed. II. Nicholas Durdent was lord of + it." + +Shaw refers to Erdeswick, and to the _Annals of Burton Abbey_, p. 364. + +In Dr. Harwood's edition of Erdeswick, 8vo., 1844, the same statements +are repeated, but no authority is adduced. Could any of your +correspondents obligingly furnish me with the original {310} sources of +information to which Erdeswick had access, and also with any +biographical notices of Bishop Durdent besides those which are recorded +in Godwin and Shaw? The bishop had the privilege of coining money. (See +Shaw's _Staffordshire_, pp. 233. 265.) Are any of his coins known to +numismatists? + +F.R.R. + + +_Pope and Bishop Burgess._--To what passage in Pope's writings does the +conclusion of the following extract refer?[1] + + "Digammaticĉ doctrinĉ idem accidit. In his _Popius_ eam in + ludibrium vertit, &c. Sed eximius Poeta neque in veteribus suĉ + ipsius linguĉ, nedum Grĉcĉ monumentis versatus, tantum scilicet + de antiqua illa litera vidit, quantum _de Shakespearii_ + SAGITTARIO." + +W.W. + +[Footnote 1: 3d ed. of Dawes's _Mis. Critic_, p. xviii, note x.] + + +_Daniel's Irish New Testament._--F.G.X. will be much obliged for +information on the following points:-- + +1. Which is the most correct edition, as to printing and orthography, of +Daniel's Irish New Testament? + +2. Does the edition now on sale by the Bible Society bear the character +for incorrectness as to these points, which, judged by itself, it +appears to deserve, or is it really, though "bad, the best?" + +3. F.G.X. is far advanced with an Irish Testament Concordance. Can any +one possessed of the requisite information give him hope of the +acceptableness of such a publication? He should expect it to be chiefly +useful to clerical Irish students in acquiring a knowledge of words and +construction; but the lists of Irish Bibles disposed of of late years +would lead to the supposition of its being desirable also as pointing +out the place of passages to the native reader. + +4. Does the Cambridge University Library contain a copy of the first +edition of Daniel's translation? + +_Ale Draper--Eugene Aram._--In Hargrove's well-known history of Eugene +Aram, the hero of Bulwer's still better known novel, one of the guilty +associates of the Knaresborough murderer is designated as an "Ale +Draper." As this epithet never presented itself in my reading, and as I +am not aware that _draper_ properly admits of any other definition than +that given by Johnson, "one who deals in cloth," may I ask whether the +word was ever in "good use" in the above sense? + +My main purpose in writing, is to propound the foregoing Query; but +while I have the pen in hand permit me to ask,-- + +1. Whether it be possible to read the celebrated "defence," so called, +which was delivered by Aram on his trial at York, without concurring +with the jury in their verdict, and with the judge in his sentence? In +short, without a strong feeling that the prisoner would not have been +hanged, but for that over-ingenious, and obviously evasive, address, in +which the plain averment of "not guilty" does not occur. + +2. Has not the literary character, especially the philological +attainments, of this noted malefactor been vastly over-rated? And + +3. Ought not the "memoirs" of "this great man" by Mr. Scatcherd to be +ranked among the most remarkable attempts ever made, and surely made + + "--in vain, + To wash the murderer from blood-guilty stain?" + +D. + +Rotherfield + + +_Latin Epigram._--Can any of your correspondents inform me who was the +author of the following epigram:-- + + IN MEMORIAM G.B.M.D. + + "Te tandem tuus Oreus habet, quo civibus Orei + Gratius haud unquam misit Apollo caput; + Quippe tuo jussu terras liquere, putantque + Tartara se jussu linquere posse tuo." + +The person alluded to was Sir W. Browne, M.D., the founder of the Browne +medals in the University of Cambridge. Some old fellow of King's College +may be able to inform me. + +The medals were first given about the year 1780, and in the first year, +I presume, out of respect to the memory of the donor, no subject was +given for Epigrams. It has occurred to me, that perhaps some wag on that +occasion sent the lines as a quiz. + +W.S. + +Richmond, Surrey + + +_Couplet in De Foe_-- + + "Restraint from ill is freedom to the wise, + And good men wicked liberties despise." + +This couplet is at the end of the second letter in De Foe's _Great Law +of Subordination_, p. 42. Is it his own? If not, where did he get it? + +N.B. + + +_Books wanted to refer to_.-- + + "Hollard's Travels (1715), by a French Protestant Minister, + afterwards suppressed by the author." + + "Thomas Bonnell, Mayor of Norwich, Life of." + + "Canterbury, Letters and Memoirs on the Excommunication of two + Heretics, 1698." + + "The Book of Seventy-seven French Protestant Ministers, + presented to Will'm III." + +If any of your readers can refer me to the above works I shall be glad. +They may be in the British Museum, although I have searched there in +vain for them. + +J.S.B. + + +_Water-marks in Writing-paper._--Can any of your correspondents indicate +any guide to the dating of {311} paper by the water-mark. I think I have +read of some work on that subject, but have no precise recollection +about it. I have now before me several undated MSS. written on paper of +which it would be very desirable to fix the exact date. They evidently +belonged to Pope, Swift, and Lady M.W. Montague, as they contain their +autographs. They are all of that size called _Pro Patria_, and two of +them have as water-mark a figure of Britannia with a lion brandishing a +sword within a paling, and the motto _Pro Patria_ over the sword. Of one +of these the opposite page has the initials GR, and the other has IX; +but the paper has been cut off in the middle of the water-mark and only +exhibits half the figure IV. Another sheet has the royal arms (1. +England and Scotland impaled, 2. France, 3. Ireland, 4. the white horse +of Hanover,) within the garter, and surmounted by the crown, and on the +opposite page GR. within a crowned wreath. There is no doubt that they +were all manufactured between 1715 and 1740; but is there any means of +arriving at a more precise date? + +C. + + +_Puzzling Epitaph._--The following curious epitaph was found in a +foreign cathedral:-- + + EPITAPHIUM. + + "O quid tuĉ + be est biĉ; + ra ra ra + es et in + ram ram ram + ii." + +The following is plainly the solution of the last four lines:-- + + _ra, ra, ra_, is thrice _ra_, i.e. _ter-ra=terra_. + _ram, ram, ram_, is thrice _ram_, i.e. _ter-ram=terram_. + _ii_ is _i_ twice, _i.e. i-bis=ibis_. + +Thus the last four lines are,-- + + "Terra es et in terram ibis." + +Can any one furnish a solution of the two first lines? + +J. BDN. + + + [We would suggest that the first two lines are to be read "O + _super_ be, quid _super_ est, tuĉ _super_ biĉ," and the + epitaph will then be-- + + "O superbe quid superest tuĉ superbiĉ + Terra es, et in terram ibis."--ED.] + + +_MSS. of Cornish Language._--Are there any ancient MSS. of the Cornish +language, or are there any works remaining in that language, besides the +_Calvary_ and _Christmas Carol_ published by the late Davies Gilbert? + +J.A. GILES. + + +_Bilderdijk the Poet._--Banished from his native country, disowned by +his own countrymen, the Dutch poet Willem Bilderdijk pitched his tent +for a while on the hospitable soil of Old England. Prince William V. +residing in 1795 at Hampton Court, he resolved to stay there; but, +possessing no income at all, and, like the sage of antiquity, having +saved nothing from the shipwreck but his genius, he shifted his +dwelling-place to London, where he gave lessons in drawing, languages, +and various, even medical, sciences. He was married in England to +Katharine Wilhelmina Schweickhardt, on the 18th of May, 1797. His +residence in the birthplace of "NOTES AND QUERIES" makes me ask, if +there be still persons living, who remember him as teacher, friend, or +poet? A presentation-copy of Mrs. Bilderdijk's translation of _Rodrick, +the Last of the Goths_, was offered to Southey, accompanied by a Latin +letter from her spouse. The poet-laureate visiting Leyden in the summer +of 1825, Bilderdijk would not suffer him to remain lodged in the inn, +where an injury to his leg urged him to favour the landlord with a +protracted stay. Southey was transported accordingly to the Dutch poet's +house; and did not leave it before he was cured, several weeks having +elapsed in the meanwhile. Mention of this fact is made in a poem the +British bard addresses to Cuninghame. I do not know whether it is +alluded to in Southey's _Life_. + +Bilderdijk's foot was crushed accidentally, in the sixth year of his +age, by one of his play-fellows; and thus he, who, by his natural +disposition seemed to be destined to a military career, was obliged to +enlist in the _militia togata_. He fought the good fight in verse. It is +remarkable that Byron and Sir Walter Scott, his cotemporaries, were also +lame or limping. + +JANUS DOUSA. + + +_Egyptian MSS._--What is the age of the oldest MS. found in Egypt? Are +there any earlier than the age of Alexander? + +J.A. GILES. + + +_Scandinavian Priesthood._--Will one of your correspondents do me the +favour to let me know the best authority I can refer to for information +as to the priesthood of the Scandinavians; the mode of their election, +the rank from which they were generally chosen, whether they were +allowed to marry, &c.? + +MAX BRANDESON. + + +_Thomas Volusemus (or Wilson?)._--Is anything known of Thomas Volusemus +(Wilson?) who edited the works of his father-in-law, Patrick Adamson, +titular Archbishop of St. Andrew's, which were published in London A.D. +1619? + +H.A.E. + + * * * * * + + +REPLIES. + +CURFEW. + +We have received the following Replies to NABOC'S inquiry (Vol. ii., p. +103.) as to where the custom of ringing the curfew still remains. + +_Bingley in Yorkshire._--In the town of Bingley, {312} in Yorkshire, the +custom of ringing the curfew existed in the year 1824. It may have been +discontinued since that year, but I do not know that it has. + +It is also the custom at Blackburn, in Lancashire; and it was, if it is +not now, at Bakewell in Derbyshire. + +H.J. + + +_Bromyard, Herefordshire._--The curfew is still rung at Bromyard, +Herefordshire, at nine P.M., from the 5th of November, until Christmas +Day; and the bell is afterwards tolled the number of the day of the +month. Why it is merely confined to within the above days, I could never +ascertain. + +G.F.C. + + +_Waltham-on-the-Wolds._--The curfew is still rung at +Waltham-on-the-Wolds, Leicestershire, at five A.M., eight P.M. in +summer, and at six A.M., seven P.M. in winter; the bell also tolling the +day of the month. + +R.J.S. + + +_Oxfordshire._--I see that NABOC's inquiry about the curfew is answered +at p. 175. by a reference to the _Journal of the British Archĉological +Association_. The list there is probably complete: but lest it should +omit any, I may as well mention, from my own knowledge, Woodstock, Oxon, +where it rings from eight to half-past eight in the evening, from +October to March; Bampton and Witney, Oxon, and Stow, in Gloucester; at +some of which places it is also rung at four in the morning. + +C. + + +_Chertsey, Surrey._--In the town of Chertsey in Surrey, the curfew is +regularly tolled for a certain time at eight every evening, but only +through the winter months. There is also a curious, if not an uncommon, +custom kept up with regard to it. After the conclusion of the curfew, +and a pause of half a minute, the day of the month is tolled out: one +stroke for the 1st, two for the 2nd, and so on. + +H.C. DE ST. CROIX. + + +_Penrith._--The curfew bell continues to be rung at Penrith, in +Cumberland, at eight o'clock in the evening, and is the signal for +closing shops, &c. + +_Newcastle-upon-Tyne._--The curfew is still rung by all the churches of +Newcastle-upon-Tyne at eight in the evening; and its original use may be +said to be preserved to a considerable extent, for the greater bulk of +the shops make it a signal for closing. + +G. BOUCHIER RICHARDSON. + + +_Morpeth._--The curfew bell is still rung at eight P.M. at Morpeth in +Northumberland. + +E.H.A. + + +_Exeter._--The curfew is rung in Exeter Cathedral at eight P.M. + +The present practice is to toll the bell thirty strokes, and after a +short interval to toll eight more; the latter, I presume, denoting the +hour. + +G.T. + + +_Winchester._--Curfew is still rung at Winchester. + +AN OLD COMMONER PREFECT. + + +_Over, near Winsford, Cheshire._--The custom of ringing the curfew is +still kept up at Over, near Winsford, Cheshire; and the parish church, +St. Chads, is nightly visited for that purpose at eight o'clock. This +bell is the signal amongst the farmers in the neighbourhood for "looking +up" their cattle in the winter evenings; and was, before the +establishment of a public clock in the tower of the Weaver Church at +Winsford, considered the standard time by which to regulate their +movements. + +A READER. + + + [We are indebted to the courtesy of the Editor of the _Liverpool + Albion_ for this Reply, which was originally communicated to + that paper.] + + +_The Curfew_, of which some inquiries have appeared in the "NOTES AND +QUERIES," is generally rung in the north of England. But then it is also +common in the south of Scotland. I have heard it in Kelso, and other +towns in Roxburghshire. The latter circumstance would appear to prove +that it cannot have originated with the Norman conqueror, to whom it is +attributed. + +W. + + * * * * * + +ENGELMANNS BIBLIOTHECA SCRIPTORUM CLASSICORUM. +(Vol. ii., p. 296.) + +The shortest reply to MR. DE MORGAN'S complaint against a foreign +bookseller would be, that _Engelmann himself_ printed for any of the +purchasers of a large number of his Catalogues the titles to which MR. +DE MORGAN objects so much. + +Will you allow me to add one or two remarks occasioned by MR. DE +MORGAN'S strictures? + +1. Engelmann is not, strictly speaking, a bookseller, and his catalogues +are not booksellers' catalogues in the sense in which that term is +generally received here. He is a publisher and compiler (and an +admirable one) of general classified catalogues for the use of the trade +and of students, without any reference to his stock, or, in many +instances, to the possibility of easily acquiring copies of the books +enumerated: and although he _might_ execute an order from his +catalogues, getting orders is _not_ the end for which _he_ publishes +them. + +2. Some foreign houses in London, as well as in other countries, bought +a large number of his Catalogues, not as a _book_ but as a _catalogue_, +to be supplied to their customers at the bare cost, or, where it appears +advisable, to be delivered gratis to purchasers of a certain amount. + +3. It appears to me pardonable if, under these circumstances, a notice +is inserted on the title, that orders may be directed to the house which +has purchased a number, and supplies them without any immediate profit; +and I may add that I do {313} not believe any of the houses concerned +would object to a notice being taken of such a proceeding in your paper. + +4. The error in omitting the words "from 1700" on the title-page, is one +to which MR. DE MORGAN'S notice first directed my attention, classics +printed before that date not being commonly in demand among foreign +booksellers. + +5. The practice of compiling catalogues for general use, with the names +of the purchasers of any number of copies of the catalogue inserted on +the title or wrapper, is very common in Germany. + +Hinrichs of Leipsic issues-- + +1. A Six-monthly Alphabetical Catalogue, with a systematic index; + +2. A Quarterly Catalogue, systematically arranged, with an alphabetical +index; + +Vandenhoeck of Gottigen issues _half-yearly_-- + +1. A Bibliotheca Medico-Chirurgica et Pharmaceuto-Chemica; + +2. A Bibliotheca Theologica, for Protestant theology; + +3. A Bibliotheca Classica et Philologica; + +4. A Bibliotheca Juridica; + +and Engelmann, from time to time, numerous general catalogues;-- + +all of which are not only supplied to London houses, with English +titles, but may be had all over Germany, with the firms of different +booksellers inserted as publishers of the catalogue. + +Will you make use of the above in any way in which you may think it of +advantage to your readers? + +ANOTHER FOREIGN BOOKSELLER. + + * * * * * + +CROZIER AND PASTORAL STAFF. + +(Vol. ii., p. 248.) + +A correspondent inquires what was the difference between a crozier and a +pastoral staff. The crozier (_Crocia_, Mediĉval Latin), Fr. _Crosse_, +Ital. _Rocco Pastorale_, German. _Bischofstab_, is the ornamental staff +used by archbishops and legates, and derives its name from the cross +which surmounts it. A crozier behind a pall is borne on the primatial +arms of Canterbury. The use of the crozier can only be traced back to +the 12th century. _Cavendish_ mentions "two great crosses of silver, +whereof one of them was for his archbishoprick and the other for his +legatry, always before" Cardinal Wolsey. The fact did not escape Master +_Roy_, who sings thus:-- + + "Before him rydeth two Prestes stronge, + And they beare two Crosses right longe, + Gapinge in every man's face." + +_Hall_ says that he removed from Whitehall "with one cross." In the +Eastern Church patriarchs only have a crozier; a patriarch has two +transverse bars upon his crozier, the Pope carries three. + +The pastoral staff was the ensign of bishops. Honorius describes it as +in the form of a shepherd's crook, made of wood or bone, united by a +ball of gold or crystal, the lower part of the staff being pointed. + + "In Evangelio Dominus Apostolis prĉcepit, ut in prĉdcatione + nihil prĉter virgam tollerent. Et quià Episcopi pastores gregis + Dominici sunt, ideò baculum in custodiâ prĉferunt: per baculum, + quo infirmi sustentatur, auctoritas doctrinĉ designatur; per + virgam, quà improbi emendantur, potestas regiminis figuratur. + Baculum ergò Pontifices portant, ut infirmos in Fide per + doctrinam erigant. Virgam bajulant, ut per potestatem inquietos + corrigant: quĉ virga vel baculus est recurvus, ut aberrantes à + grege docendo ad poenitetiam trabat; in extremo est acutus, ut + rebelles excommunicando retrudat; hĉreticos, velut lupos, ab + ovili Christi potestativè exterreat."--_In Gemmâ Animĉ_, lib. i. + cap. 218, 219., _apud Hitterpium_. + +In its primitive form it appears to have been a staff shaped like a T, +and used to lean upon. It was gradually lengthened, and in some cases +was finished at the top like a mace. The pastoral staff is mentioned in +the _Life of S. Cĉsarius of Arles_. Gough says that the pastoral staff +found in the coffin of Grostete, Bp. of Lincoln, who died in 1254, was +made of red wood ending in a rudely shaped ram's horn. It was inscribed: + + "Per baculi formam + Prĉlati discite normam." + +In the first prayer-book of the Reformed English Church, 2 Edward VI., +at the time of the holy communion the bishop is directed to have "_his +pastoral staff in his hand, or else borne by his chaplain_." It was used +in solemn benedictions; and so lately as at the coronation of Queen +Elizabeth. The second book of King Edward VI., published A.D. 1552, +being revived in that reign, the use of the staff was discontinued, as +we find by the consecration service of Archbishop Parker. + + "Postq' hĉc dixissent, ad reliqua Communionis solemnia permit + Cicestren. nullu. Archie'po tradens Pastorale + baculum."--_Bramhall_, vol. iii. p. 205., Part i. Disc. 5. App., + Oxon. 1844. + +A crozier was borne at the funerals of Brian Duppa, of Winton, A.D. +1662; Juxon of London, 1663; Frewen of York, 1664; Wren of Ely, 1667; +Cosin of Dunelm, 1671; Trelawney of Winton, 1721; Lindsay of Armagh, +1724. It is engraven on the monuments of Goodrich of Ely, 1552; Magrath +of Cashel, 1622; Hacket of Lichfield, 1670; Creggleton of Wells, +Lamplugh of York, 1691; Sheldon, 1677; Hoadley of Winton, and Porteus of +London. Their croziers (made of gilt metal) were suspended over the +tombs of Morley, 1684, and Mews, 1706. The bishop's staff had its crook +bent outwards to signify that his jurisdiction extended over his +diocese; that of the abbot inwards, as his authority was limited to his +house. The crozier of Matthew Wren was of silver {314} with the head +gilt. When Bp. Fox's tomb was opened at Winchester some few years since, +his staff of oak was found in perfect preservation. A staff of wood +painted in azure and gilt, hangs over Trelawney's tomb in Pelynt Church, +Cornwall. The superb staff of the pious and munificent founder of the +two St. Marie Winton Colleges is still preserved at Oxford, as is also +that of the illustrious Wykehamist, Bp. Fox, to whose devotion we owe +Corpus Christi College in that university. One of the earliest tombs +bearing a staff incised, is that of Abbot Vitalis, who died in 1082, and +may be seen in the south cloister of St. Peter's Abbey in Westminster. +There were croziered as well as mitred abbots: for instance, the +superior of the Benedictine abbey at Bourges had a right to the crozier, +but not to the mitre. The Abbot of Westminster was croziered and mitred. +I intended to write a reply, but have enabled with a note. + +MACKENZIE WALCOTT, M.A. + +7. College Street, Westminster + + +J.Z.P. will find a fully satisfactory answer to his Query, in regard to +the real difference between the crozier and the pastoral staff, on +referring to the article headed "Crozier," in the _Glossary of +Architecture_. It is there stated, that "the crozier of an archbishop is +surmounted by a cross; but it was only at a comparatively late time, +about the 12th century, that the archbishop laid aside the pastoral +staff, to assume the cross as an appropriate portion of his personal +insignia." From which it may be inferred, that the only existent real +difference between the crozier and the pastoral staff is, that the +former is surmounted by a cross, and the latter is as it was before the +12th century, viz., surmounted by "a head curled round something in the +manner of a shepherd's crook;" and the difference in regard to their +use, that the crozier pertains to the archbishops, and the pastoral +staff to the bishops. + +R.W. ELLIOT + +Cheltenham, Sept. 16. 1850. + + * * * * * + +PARSONS, THE STAFFORDSHIRE GIANT. + +(Vol. ii., p. 135.) + +Harwood's note in Erdeswick's _Staffordshire_, quoted by your +correspondent C.H.B., is incorrect, inasmuch as the writer has confused +the biographies of two distinct "giants"--WALTER PARSONS, porter to King +James I., and WILLIAM EVANS, who filled the same office in the +succeeding reign. + +The best account of these two "worthies" is that found in Fuller, and +which I extract from the original edition now before me:-- + + WALTER PARSONS, born in this county [Staffordshire], was first + apprenticed to a smith, when he grew so tall in stature, that a + hole was made for him in the ground to stand therein up to the + knees, so to make him adequate with his fellow-workmen. He + afterwards was porter to King _James_; seeing as gates generally + are higher than the rest of the building, so it was sightly that + the porter should be taller than other persons. He was + proportionable in all parts, and had strength equal to height, + valour to his strength, temper to his valour, so that he + disdained to do an injury to any single person. He would make + nothing to take two of the tallest _yeomen_ of the _guard_ (like + the _Gizard_ and _Liver_) under his arms at once, and order them + as he pleased. + + "Yet were his parents (for aught I do understand to the + contrary) but of an ordinary stature, whereat none will wonder + who have read what _St. Augustine_ (_De Civitate Dei_, lib. xv. + cap. 23.) reports of a woman which came to _Rome_ (a little + before the sacking thereof by the _Goths_), of so giant-like a + height, that she was far above all who saw her, though infinite + troopes came to behold the spectacle. And yet he addeth, _Et hoc + erat maximĉ admirationis, quod ambo parentes ejus, &c_. This + made men most admire, that both her parents were but of ordinary + stature. This _Parsons_ is produced for proof, that all ages + afford some of extraordinary height, and that there is no + general decay of mankind in their _dimensions_, which, if there + were, we had ere this time shrunk to be lower than _Pigmyes_, + not to instance in a lesse proportion. This _Parsons_ died Anno + Dom. 1620."--Fuller's _History of the Worthies of England_, 1662 + (_Staffordshire_), p. 48. + + "WILLIAM EVANS was born in this county [Monmouthshire], and may + justly be accounted the _Giant_ of our age for his stature, + being, full two yards and a half in height. He was porter to + King _Charles I._, succeeding, _Walter Persons_ [sic] in his + place, and exceeding him two inches in height, but far beneath + him in an equal proportion of body; for he was not onely what + the _Latines_ call _compernis_, knocking his knees together, and + going out squalling with his feet, but also haulted a little; + yet made a shift to dance in an antimask at court, where he drew + little Jeffrey, the dwarf, out of his pocket, first to the + wonder, then to the laughter, of the beholders. He dyed _Anno + Dom_. 1630." _Ibid. (Monmouthshire)_, p. 54. + +From these extracts it will be seen that the Christian name of Parsons +was _Walter_, not William, as stated by Harwood. _William_ was the +Christian name of Evans, Parsons' successor. The bas-relief mentioned by +the same writer represents William Evans and Jeffrey Hudson, his +diminutive fellow-servant. It is over the entrance of _Bull-head Court_, +Newgate Street; not "a bagnio-court," which is nonsense. On the stone +these words are cut: "The King's Porter, and the Dwarf," with the date +1660. This bas-relief is engraved in Pennant. + +There is a picture of Queen Elizabeth's giant porter at Hampton Court +but I am not aware that any portrait of Parsons is preserved in the +Royal Collections. + +EDWARD F. RIMBAULT. + + * * * * * {315} + +EISELL AND WORMWOOD WINE. + +(Vol. ii., p. 249.) + +If Pepys' friends actually did _drink up_ the two quarts of _wormwood +wine_ which he gave them, it must, as LORD BRAYBROOKE suggests, have +been rendered more palatable than the _propoma_ which was in use in +Shakspeare's time. I have been furnished by a distinguished friend with +the following, among other Notes, corroborative of my explanation of +_eisell_: + + "I have found no better recipe for making wormwood wine than + that given by old Langham in his _Garden of Health_; and as he + directs its use to be confined to 'Streine out a _little_ + spoonful, and drinke it with a draught of ale or wine,' I think + it must have been so atrociously unpalatable, that to _drink it + up_, as Hamlet challenged Laertes to do, would have been as + strong an argumentum ad stomachum as to digest a crocodile, even + when appetised by a slice of the loaf." + +It is evident, therefore, that but small doses of this nauseously bitter +medicament were taken at once, and to take a large draught, _to drink +up_ a quantity, "would be an extreme pass of amorous demonstration +sufficient, one would think, to have satisfied even Hamlet." Our +ancestors seem to have been partial to medicated wines; and it is most +probable that the wormwood wine Pepys gave his friends had only a slight +infusion of the bitter principle; for we can hardly conceive that such +"pottle draughts" as two quarts could be taken as a treat, of such a +nostrum as the _Absinthites_, or wormwood wine, mentioned by Stuckius, +or that prescribed by the worthy Langham. + +S.W. SINGER. + +Mickleham, Sept. 30. 1850. + + +_Eisell_ (Vol. ii., p. 242.).--The attempt of your very learned +correspondent, MR. SINGER, to show that "eisell" was _wormwood_, is, I +fear, more ingenious than satisfactory. It is quite true that wormwood +wine and beer were ordinary beverages, as wormwood bitters are now; but +Hamlet would have done little in challenging Laertes to a draught of +wormwood. As to "eisell," we have the following account of it in the +"Via Recta ad Vitam longam, or a Plaine Philosophical Discourse of the +Nature, Faculties, and Effects of all such Things as by way of +Nourishments, and Dieteticale Observations make for the Preservation of +Health, &c. &c. By Jo. Venner, Doctor of Physicke at Bathe in the Spring +and Fall, and at other Times in the Burrough of North-Petherton, neere +to the Ancient Haven Towne of Bridgewater in Somersetshire. London, +1620." + + "Eisell, or the vinegar which is made of cyder, is also a good + sauce, it is of a very penetrating nature and is like to + verjuice in operation, but it is not so astringent, nor + altogether so cold," p. 97. + +J.R.N. + + * * * * * + +REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES. + + +_Feltham's Works_ (Vol. ii., p. 133.).--In addition to the works +enumerated by E.N.W., Feltham wrote _A Discourse upon Ecclesiastes_ ii. +11.; _A Discourse upon St. Luke_ xiv. 20.; and _A Form of Prayer +composed for the Family of the Right Honourable the Countess of +Thomond_. These two lists, I believe, comprise the whole of his +writings. The meaning of the passage in his _Remarks on the Low +Countries_, appears to be this, that a person "courtly or gentle" would +receive as little kindness from the inhabitants, and show as great a +contrast to their boorishness, as the handsome and docile merlin (which +is the smallest of the falcon tribe, anciently denominated "noble"), +among a crowd of noisy, cunning, thievish crows; neither remarkable for +their beauty nor their politeness. The words "after Michaelmas" are used +because "the merlin does not breed here, but visits us in October." +_Bewick's British Birds_, vol. i. p. 43. + +T.H. KERSLEY. + +King William's College, Isle of Man. + + +_Harefinder_ (Vol. ii., p. 216.).--The following lines from Drayton's +_Polyolbion_, Song 23., sufficiently illustrates this term:-- + + "The man whose vacant mind prepares him to the sport + The _Finder_ sendeth out, to seeke out nimble _Wat_,-- + Which crosseth in the field, each furlong every flat, + Till he this pretty beast upon the form hath found: + Then viewing for the course which is the fairest ground, + The greyhounds forth are brought, for coursing then in case, + And, choycely in the slip, one leading forth a brace; + The Finder puts her up, and gives her coursers' law," + &c. + +In the margin, at the second line, are the words, _The Harefinder_. What +other instances are there of _Wat_, as a name of the hare? It does not +occur in the very curious list in the _Reliquiĉ Antiquĉ_, i. 133. + +K. + + +_Fool or a Physician--Rising and Setting Sun_ (Vol. i., p. 157.).--The +inquiry of your correspondent C. FORBES, respecting the authorship of +the two well-known sayings on these subjects, seems to have received no +reply. He thinks that we owe them both to that "imperial Macchiavel, +Tiberius." He is right with respect to the one, and wrong with regard to +the other. The saying, "that a man after thirty must be either a fool or +a physician," had, as it appears, its origin from Tiberius; but the +observation that "more worship the rising than the setting sun," is to +be attributed to Pompey. + +Tacitus says of Tiberius, that he was "solitus eludere medicorum artes, +atque eos qui post tricesimum ĉtatis annum ad internoscenda corpori +{316} suo utilia vel noxia alieni consilia indigerent." _Annal_. vi. 46. +Suetonius says: "Valetudine prosperrimâ usus est,--quamvis a tricesimo +ĉtatis anno arbitratu eam suo rexerit, sine adjumento consiliove +medicorum." _Tib._ c. 68. And Plutarch, in his precepts _de Valetudine +tuendâ_, c. 49., says-- + + [Greek: "Aekousa Tiberion pote Kaisara eipein, hos anaer huper + hexaekonta [sic vulgò, sed bene corrigit Lipsius ad Tac. loc. + cit. triakonta] gegonos etae, kai proteinon iatro cheira, + katagelastos estin."] + +These passages sufficiently indicate the origin of the saying; but who +first gave it the pointed form in which we now have it, by coupling +_fool_ with _physician_, I am not able to tell. + +The authority for giving the other saying to Pompey, is Plutarch, who +says that when Pompey, after his return from Africa, applied to the +senate for the honour of a triumph, he was opposed by Sylla, to whom he +observed, [Greek: "Oti ton aelion anatellonta pleiones ae duomenon +proskunousin,"] that more worship the rising than the setting +sun--intimating that his own power was increasing, and that of Sylla +verging to its fall. (_Vit. Pomp_. c. 22.) + +J.S.W. + +Stockwell, Sept. 7. + + +_Papers of Perjury_ (Vol. ii., p. 182.).--In the absence of a "graphic +account," it may interest your correspondent S.R. to be referred to the +two following instances of "perjurers wearing papers denoting their +crime." In _Machyn's Diary_, edited by the accomplished antiquary, John +Gough Nichols, Esq., and published by the Camden Society, at p. 104. +occurs the following:-- + + "A.D. 1556, April 28th.... The sam day was sett on the pelere in + Chepe iij. [men; two] was for the preuerment of wyllfull + perjure, the iij. was for wyllfull perjure, with _paper sett + over their hedes_." + +In the same works at p. 250., we have also this additional illustration: + + "A.D. 1560--I. The xij. day of Feybruary xj. men of the North was + of a quest; because they gayff a wrong evyde [nee, and] thay + ware paper _a-pon their hedes_ for perjure." + +J. GOODWIN. + +Birmingham. + + +_Pilgrims' Road to Canterbury._--Being acquainted with the road to which +your correspondent S.H. (Vol. ii., p. 237.) alludes, he will, perhaps, +allow me to say, that in the neighbourhood of Kemsing a tradition is +current, that a certain line of road, which may be traced from Otford to +Wrotham, was the pilgrims' road from _Winchester_ to Canterbury. How far +this may be correct I know not. + +I have not been able to discover any road in the neighbourhood of this +city which goes by the name of the _pilgrims'_ road. + +If any of your correspondents would furnish any particulars respecting +this road, I shall feel much obliged. + +R.V. + +Winchester. + + +_Capture of Henry VI._ (Vol. ii., p. 228.).--In his correction of your +correspondent, CLERICUS CRAVENSIS, MR. NICHOLS states:-- + + "Both Sir John Tempest and Sir James Harrington of Brierley, + near Barnesley, were concerned in the king's capture, and each + received 100 marks reward; but the fact of Sir Thomas Talbot + being the chief actor, is shown by his having received the + larger reward of 100l." + +In this statement appears entirely to have been overlooked the grant of +lands made by King Edward IV. to Sir James Harrington-- + + "For his services in taking prisoner, and withholding as such in + diligence and valour, his enemy Henry, lately called King Henry + VI." + +This grant, which was confirmed in Parliament, embraced the castle, +manor, and domain of Thurland; a park, called Fayzet Whayte Park, with +lands, &c. in six townships in the county of Lancaster; lands at Burton +in Lonsdale, co. York; and Holme, in Kendal, co. Westmoreland, the +forfeited lands of Sir Richard Tunstell, and other "rebels." So +considerable a recognition of the services of Sir James Harrington would +seem to demand something more than the second-rate position given to +them by your correspondent. The order to give Sir James Harrington +possession of the lands under his grant will be found in Rymer. The +grant itself is printed in the _Nugĉ Antiquĉ_, by Henry Harrington, 1775 +(vol. ii. p. 121.), and will, I believe, be found in Baines' +_Lancashire_. Mr. Henry Harrington observes that the lands were +afterwards lost to his family by the misfortune of Sir James and his +brother being on the wrong side at Bosworth Field; after which they were +both attainted for serving Richard III. and Edward IV., "and commanding +the party which seized Henry VI. and conducted him to the Tower." + +H.K.S.C. + +Brixton. + + +_Andrew Becket_ (Vol. ii., p. 266.), about whom A.W. HAMMOND inquires, +when I knew him, about twelve years ago, was a strange whimsical old +gentleman, full of "odd crotchets," and abounding in theatrical anecdote +and the "gossip of the green-room." But as to his ever having been "a +_profound_ commentator on the dramatic works of Shakspeare," I must beg +leave to express my doubts. At one period he filled the post of +sublibrarian to the Prince Regent; and that he was "ardently devoted to +the pursuits of literature" cannot be a question. + +His published works, as far as I can learn, are as follows:-- {317} + + 1. A Trip to Holland, 1801. + + 2. Socrates, a dramatic poem, 8vo. 1806. + + 3. Lucianus Redivivus, or Dialogues concerning Men, Manners, and + Opinions, 8vo. 1812. + + 4. Shakspeare's Himself, or the Language of the Poet asserted; + being a full but dispassionate Examin of the Readings and + Interpretations of the several Editors, 2 vols. 8vo. 1815. + +EDWARD F. RIMBAULT. + + +_Passage in Vida_ (Vol. i., p. 384.).--Your correspondent A.W. asks for +some light on the lines of Vida, _Christiad_, i. 67.: + + "Quin age, te incolumi potius.... + ... + Perficias quodcumque tibi nunc instat agendum." + +He cannot construe "te incolumi." No wonder. Will not all be set right +by reading, "Quin age, et incolumi," &c.? + +J.S.W. + +Stockwell, Sept. 7. + + +"_Quem Deus vult perdere_" (Vol. i., p. 347., &c.).--To the +illustrations of the saying "_Quem Deus vult perdere prius dementat_," +which have been given, may be added the following from the _Fragments of +Constantinus Manasses_ (edited with _Nicet. Eugen_., by Boissonade. +Paris, 1819), book viii. line 40.:-- + + [Greek: "Ho gar theos aptomenos anthropou dianoias + Haenika to dusdaimoni kirnaesi penthous poma, + Ouden pollakis sugchorei bouleusasthai sumpheron."] + +J.E.B. MAYOR. + +Marlborough College. + + +_Countess of Desmond_ (Vol. ii., pp. 153. 186.).--R. is referred to +Smith's _History of Cork_, and _European Magazine_, vol. viii., for +particulars respecting the Countess of Desmond. They show her picture at +Knowle House, Kent, or Penshurst (I forget which); and tell the story of +the fall from the cherry (or plum) tree, adding that she cut three sets +of teeth! + +WEDSECNARF. + + +_Confession_ (Vol. ii., p. 296.).--The name asked for by U.J.B. of the +Catholic priest, who, sooner than break the seal of confession, suffered +death, is John of Nepomuc, Canon of Prague. By order of the Emperor +Wenceslas, he was thrown off a bridge into the Muldaw, because he would +not tell that profligate prince the confession of his religious empress. +This holy man is honoured as St. John Nepomucen on the 16th of May, in +the kalendar of Saints. + +D. ROCK. + + + [U.J.B., if desirous of further particulars respecting St. John + Nepomuc, may consult Mrs. Jameson's interesting _Legends of the + Monastic Orders_, pp. 214. 217.--ED.] + + +_Cavell, meaning of_ (Vol. i., p. 473.).--I concur entirely with the +etymology of the word _cavell_ given at p. 473. A lake having been +drained in my country, the land is still divided into _Kavelingen_; as +lots of land were formerly measured by strings of cord, _kavel_, +_kabel_, _cable_. Vide Tuinman _Trakkel_, d. n. t. p. 165. _Kavelloten_ +is to receive a cavell by _lot._ cf. _Idem, Verrolg_, p. 97. + +JANUS DOUSA. + + +_Lord Kingsborough's Antiquities of Mexico._--Has Lord Kingsborough's +splendid work on Mexican hieroglyphics ever been completed or not? + +J.A. GILES. + + + [This magnificent work has been recently completed by the + publication of the eighth volume, which may, we believe, be + procured from Mr. Henry Bohn.--ED.] + + +_Aërostation_ (Vol. ii., p. 199.).--The article BALLOON, in the _Penny +Cyclopĉdia_, would give C.B.M. a good many references. The early works +there mentioned are those of Faujas de St. Fond, Bourgeois, and Cavallo; +to which I add the following: Thomas Baldwin, _Airopaidia, containing +the Narrative of a Balloon Excursion from Chester, Sept_. 8. 1785. +Chester, 1786, 8vo. (pp. 360.). + +Vincent Lunardi published the account of his voyage (the first made in +England) in a series of letters to a friend. The title is torn out in my +copy. The first page begins, "An Account of the First Aërial Voyage in +England. Letter I. London, July 15. 1784." (8vo. pp. 66 + ii. with a +plate.) It ends with a poetical epistle to Lunardi by "a gentleman well +known in the literary world" (query, the same who is thus cited in our +day?) from which the following extracts are taken as a specimen of the +original balloon jokes:-- + + "The multitude scarcely believed that a man, + With his senses about him could form such a plan, + And thought that as Bedlam was so very nigh, + You had better been there than turned loose in the sky. + + * * * * * + + "In their own way of thinking, all felt and all reasoned, + Greedy aldermen judged that your flight was ill-seasoned, + That you'd better have taken a good dinner first, + Nor have pinched your poor stomach by hunger or thirst. + + "In perfect indifference the beau yawned a blessing, + And feared before night that your hair would want dressing; + But the ladies, all zeal, sent their wishes in air, + For a man of such spirit is ever their care. + + "Attornies were puzzled how now they could sue you, + Underwriters, what premium they'd now take to do you; + While the sallow-faced Jew, of his monies so fond, + Thanked Moses he never had taken your bond." + +Mr. Baldwin ascended in Lunardi's balloon, the latter being present at +the start, though not taking part in the voyage. + +M. + + +_Concolinel_ (Vol. ii., p. 217.).--I have been many years engaged in +researches connected with {318} the _original_ music of Shakspeare's +Plays, but it has not been my good fortune to meet with the air of +_Concolinel_. The communication of your correspondent R. is of the +greatest interest, and I should be for ever grateful if he would allow +me to see the manuscript in question, in order that I might test the +_genuineness_ of the air "stated, in a recent hand, to be the tune of +_Concolinel_ mentioned by Shakspeare." + +This air has double claims on our attention, as its existence, in any +shape, is placed amongst the "doubtful" points by the following note +extracted from the Rev. J. Hunter's _New Illustrations of Shakspeare_, +vol. i. p. 268.:-- + + "Concolinel. In the absence of any thing like sufficient + explanation or justification of this word, if word it is, I will + venture to suggest the possibility that it is a corruption of a + stage direction, _Cantat Ital._, for _Cantat Italicé_; meaning + that here Moth sings an Italian song. It is quite evident, from + what Armado says, when the song was ended, 'Sweet air!' that a + song of some sort was sung, and one which Shakespeare was + pleased with, and meant to praise. If Moth's song had been an + English song, it would have been found in its place as the other + songs are." + +I, for one, cannot subscribe to Mr. Hunter's suggestion that our great +poet intended an _Italian_ song to be sung in his play and for this +reason, that Italian music for a _single voice_ was almost unknown in +this country in 1597, at which date we know _Love's Labour's Lost_ was +in existence. Surely _Concolinel_ is just as likely to be the burden of +a song as _Calen o Custure me_, mentioned in _Henry the Fifth_ (Act iv. +sc. 4.), of which there is now no doubt. + +I may just mention, in passing, that I have discovered the air of _Calen +o Custure me_ in a manuscript that once belonged to Queen Elizabeth, and +have ample proof that it was an especial favourite with her maiden +majesty. The commentators were at fault when they pointed out the more +modern tune of the same name in Playford's _Musical Companion_, 1667. + +EDWARD F. RIMBAULT. + +S. Augustus Square, Regent's Park. + + +_Andrewes's Tortura Torti_ (Vol. ii., p. 295.).--On what forms Mr. +Bliss's third quotation, which _does_ appear in some shape in Bernard, +_De Consid. ad Eugen._, iii. 4. 18., the _Bibliotheca Juridica_, &c., of +Ferraris observes, under the head of _Dispensatio_: "Hinc dispensatio +sine justa causa non dispensatio sed dissipatio dicitur communiter a +doctoribus, ut observant et tenent Sperell;" then referring to several +Romish canonists, &c., the last being Reiffenstuel, lib. i., _Decretal_, +tit. 2., n. 450., of which I give the full reference, his volumes being +accessible in the British Museum, if not elsewhere. + +NOVUS. + + +_Swords worn in Public_ (Vol. ii., p. 218.)--A very respected and old +friend of mine, now deceased, used to relate that he had often seen the +celebrated Wilkes, of political notoriety, walking in the public +streets, dressed in what is usually termed court dress, wearing his +sword. Wilkes died in 1797. In connexion with this subject it may be +interesting to your readers to know that in 1701 it was found necessary +to prohibit footmen wearing swords. An order was issued by the Earl +Marshal in that year, declaring that-- + + "Whereas many mischiefs and dangerous accidents, tending not + onely to the highest breach of the peace, but also to the + destruction of the lives of his Ma'ties subjects, have happend + and been occasioned by Footmen wearing of Swords, for the + prevention of the like evill accidents and disturbance for the + future, I doe hereby order that no Foot-man attending any of the + Nobilitye or Gentry of his Ma'ties Realms, during such time as + they or any of them shall reside or bee within the Cities of + London or Westm'r, and the Liberties and Precincts of the same, + shall wear any Sword, Hanger, Bagonet, or other such like + offensive weapon, as they will answer the Contempt hereof." + Dated 30th Dec. 1701. + +F.E. + + +_Speech given to Man to conceal his Thoughts_ (Vol. i., p. 83.).--The +maxim quoted by your correspondent F.R.A. was invented, if I may rely +upon the _notebook_ of memory, by the Florentine Machiavelli. The German +writer Ludwig Börne says:-- + + "Macchiavelli, der die Freiheit liebte, schrieb seinem Prinzen + so, dass er alle rechtschaffenen Psychologen in Verlegenheit und + in solche Verwirrung gebracht, dass sie gar nicht mehr wussten, + was sie sprachen und sie behaupteten, Macchiavelli habe eine + politische Satyre geschrieben." + +Le style c'est l'homme! + +JANUS DOUSA. + + +_The Character "&,", and Meaning of "Parse"_ (Vol. ii., pp. 230. +284.).--This character, being different from any of the twenty-four +letters, was placed at the end of the alphabet, and children, after +repeating their letters, were taught to indicate this symbol as +_and-per-se-and_. Instead of spelling the word _and_, as composed of +three letters, it was denoted by a special symbol, which was "_and by +itself, and_." Hence the corruption, an _ampussy and_. + +The word _parse_ is also derived from the Latin _per se_. To _parse_ a +sentence is to take the words _per se_, and to explain their grammatical +form and etymology. + +L. + + +_Wife of Edward the Outlaw_ (Vol. ii., p. 279.).--With reference to the +Query of E.H.Y. (Vol. ii., p. 279.), there seems to be much confusion in +all the accounts of Edward's marriage. I think it is evident, from an +attentive consideration of the various authorities, that the Lady Agatha +was {319} either sister to Giselle, wife of _Stephen_, King of Hungary +(to whom the young princes must have been sent, as _he_ reigned from +A.D. 1000 till A.D. 1038), and sister also to the Emperor Henry II., or, +as some writers seem to think, she was the daughter of Bruno, that +emperor's brother. (See a note in Dr. Lingard's _History_, vol. i. p. +349.) + +That she was not the _daughter_ of either Henry II., Henry III., or +Henry IV., is very certain; in the first case, for the reason stated by +your correspondent; and in the second, because Henry III. was only +twelve years old when he succeeded his father Conrad II. (in the year +1039), which of course puts his son Henry IV. quite out of the question, +who was born A.D. 1049. It strikes me (and perhaps some of your +correspondents will correct me if I am wrong) that the two English +princes _may_ have respectively married the two ladies to whom I have +referred, and that hence may have arisen the discrepancies in the +different histories: but that the wife of Edward the Outlaw was _one_ of +these two I have no doubt. + +O.P.Q. + + +_Translations of the Scriptures_ (Vol. ii., p. 229.).--C.F.S. may +perhaps find _The Bible of every Land_, now publishing by Messrs. +Bagster, serviceable in his inquiries respecting Roman Catholic +translations of the Scriptures. The saying of the Duke of Lancaster is +found in the first edition of Foxe's _Acts and Monuments_, and in the +modern reprint, iv. 674.; the original of the treatise from which it is +taken being in C.C. College, Cambridge. (See Nasmith's _Catalogue_, p. +333.) + +NOVUS. + + +_Scalping_ (Vol. ii., p. 220.).--W.B.D. confounds beheading with +scalping. In the American war many British soldiers, it was said, walked +about without their _scalps_, but not without their heads. + +SANDVICENSIS. + + * * * * * + +MISCELLANEOUS. + +NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC. + +No one branch of antiquarian study has been pursued with greater success +during the last few years than that of Gothic Architecture; and, to this +success, no single work has contributed in any proportion equal to that +of the _Glossary of Terms used in Grecian, Roman, Italian, and Gothic +Architecture_. Since the year 1836, in which this work first appeared, +no fewer than four large editions, each an improvement upon its +predecessor, have been called for and exhausted. The fifth edition is +now before us; and, we have no doubt, will meet, as it deserves, the +same extended patronage and success. When we announce that in this fifth +edition the text has been considerably augmented by the enlargement of +many of the old articles, as well as by the addition of many new ones, +among which Professor Willis has embodied a great part of his +_Architectural Nomenclature of the Middle Ages_; that the number of +woodcuts has been increased from eleven hundred to seventeen hundred; +and lastly, that the Index has been rendered far more complete, by +including in it the names of places mentioned, and the foreign synonyms; +we have done more to show its increased value than any mere words of +commendation would express. While the only omission that has been made, +namely, that of the utensils and ornaments of the Mediĉval Church (with +the exception of the few such as altars, credences, piscinas, and +sedilias, which belong to architectural structure and decoration), is a +portion of the work which all must admit to have been foreign to a +Glossary of Architectural Terms, and must therefore agree to have been +wisely and properly left out. The work in its present form is, we +believe, unequalled in the architectural literature of Europe, for the +amount of accurate information which it furnishes, and the beauty of its +illustrations; and as such, therefore, does the highest credit both to +its editor and to its publisher; if, indeed, the editor and publisher be +not identical. + +Mr. L.A. Lewis, of 125. Fleet Street, has commenced a series of weekly +Book Sales, to take place every Friday during the months of October and +November, and has arranged that parties sending large or small parcels +of books for sale during the one week, may have them sold on the Friday +in the week following. + +We have received the following Catalogues:--Bernard Quaritch's (16. +Castle Street, Leicester Square) Catalogue No. 19. for 1850 of Oriental +Literature, Manuscripts, Theology, Classics, &c.; John Miller's (43. +Chandos Street) Catalogue No. 12. for 1850 of History, Antiquities, +Heraldry, &c., and Conchology, Geology, and other popular Sciences. + + * * * * * + +BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES + +WANTED TO PURCHASE. + +An early Edition of the HISTORY OF JACK AND THE GIANTS. + +Odd Volumes + +TURNER'S SACRED HISTORY. Vol. III. First Edition, 8vo. + +Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, to be +sent to Mr. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + +NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS. + +VOLUME THE FIRST OF NOTES AND QUERIES, _with Title-page and very copious +Index, is now ready, price 9s. 6d., bound in cloth, and may be had, by +order, of all Booksellers and Newsmen_. + +_The Monthly Part for September, being the Fourth of Vol. II., is also +now ready, price 1s._ + +NOTES AND QUERIES _may be procured by the Trade at noon on Friday: so +that our country Subscribers ought to experience no difficulty in +receiving it regularly. Many of the country Booksellers are probably not +yet aware of this arrangement, which enables them to receive Copies in +their Saturday parcels_. + +_As the Suggestion we threw out in our last week's Paper of publishing +an extra Number for the purpose of clearing off our accumulation of +REPLIES, seems to have given general satisfaction, we shall, on Saturday +next, issue a Double Number, to be devoted chiefly, if not entirely, to +REPLIES._ + + * * * * * {320} + +THE QUARTERLY REVIEW, +No. CLXXIV., is published THIS DAY. + +CONTENTS + +I. TICKNOR'S HISTORY OF SPANISH LITERATURE. +II. CHURCH AND EDUCATION IN WALES. +III. FORMS OF SALUTATION. +IV. SIBERIA AND CALIFORNIA. +V. MURE ON THE LITERATURE OF GREECE. +VI. METROPOLITAN WATER SUPPLY. +VII. ANECDOTES OF THE PROVISIONAL GOVERNMENT. +VIII. COCHRANE'S YOUNG ITALY. +IX. LAST DAYS OF LOUIS-PHILIPPE. + +JOHN MURRAY, Albemarle Street. + + * * * * * + +Published this day Saturday, October 12th, + +KNIGHT'S PICTORIAL SHAKSPEARE. +The NATIONAL EDITION. Part 1., containing THE +TWO GENTLEMEN OF VERONA, with Forty Illustrations, Price 1s. + +London: CHARLES KNIGHT, 90. Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + +KNIGHT'S CYCLOPĈDIA OF THE INDUSTRY +OF ALL NATIONS. Number I., price 2d. + +KNIGHT'S CYCLOPĈDIA OF LONDON. +Number 1., price 2d. The above will be published on Saturday, +November 2, and continued Weekly. + +London: CHARLES KNIGHT, 90. Fleet Street. + +And sold by all Booksellers in Town and Country. + + * * * * * + +INDIA OVERLAND MAIL.--DIORAMA. GALLERY OF ILLUSTRATION, 14. Regent +Street, Waterloo Place.--A Gigantic MOVING DIORAMA of the ROUTE of the +OVERLAND MAIL to INDIA, exhibiting the following Places, viz. +Southampton Docks, Isle of Wight, Osbourne, the Needles, the Bay of +Biscay, the Berlings, Cintra, the Tagus, Cape Trafalgar, Tarifa, +Gibraltar, Algiers, Malta, Alexandria, Cairo, the Desert of Suez, the +Central Station, Suez, the Red Sea, Aden, Ceylon, Madras, and +Calcutta--is now OPEN DAILY.--Mornings at Twelve; Afternoons at Three; +and Evenings at Eight.--Admission, 1s.; Stalls, 2s. 6d.; Reserved Seats, +3s. Doors open half an hour before each Representation. + + * * * * * + +On the 1st of October, No. 12, price 5s., published Quarterly, + +THE JOURNAL OF SACRED LITERATURE. +Edited by JOHN KITTO, D.D., F.S.A. + +CONTENTS. +Genesis and Geology. +The Bible and Josephus. +On the Authorship of the Acts of the Apostles. +Jewish Commentaries on Isaiah. +Voices of the Night. +On the Literal Interpretation of Prophecy. +Ramathaim Zephim and Rachel's Sepulchre. +The Life of Hugh Heugh, D.D. +Reconsidered Texts. +Miscellanea. + +Correspondence.--Notices of Books.--Biblical Intelligence--List of +Publications. + +London: SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, and CO., Stationer's Hall Court. Edinburgh: +OLIVER and BOYD. Dublin: J. ROBERTSON, Grafton Street. + + * * * * * + +Second Edition, with illustrations, 12mo., 3s. cloth. + +THE BELL; its Origin, History, and Uses. +By the Rev. ALFRED GATTY, Vicar of Ecclesfield. + +"A new and revised edition of a very varied, learned, and amusing essay +on the subject of bells."--_Spectator_. + +GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + +JOURNAL FRANCAIS, publié à Londres.--Le COURRIER de l'EUROPE, fondé en +1840 paraissant le Samedi, donne dans chaque numéro les nouvelles de la +semaine, les meilleurs articles de tous les journaux de Paris, la +Semaine Dramatique par Th. Gautier ou J. Janin, la Révue de Paris par +Pierre Durand, et reproduit en entier les romans, nouvelles, etc., en +vogue par les premiers écrivains de France. Prix 6d. + +London: JOSEPH THOMAS, 1. Finch Lane. + + * * * * * + +IMPORTANT TO AUTHORS.--Gentlemen about to PRINT and PUBLISH either BOOKS +or PAMPHLETS, will save nearly ONE HALF by employing HOPE & CO., +Publishers, 16. Great Marlborough Street. A Specimen Pamphlet of +Bookwork, with Prices, a complete Author's Guide, sent post free for 4d. + + * * * * * + +MEMOIRS OF MUSICK. By the Hon. ROGER NORTH, Attorney-General to James I. +Now first printed from the original MS. and edited, with copious Notes, +by EDWARD F. RIMBAULT, LL.D., F.S.A., &c. &c. Quarto; with a Portrait; +handsomely printed in 4to.; half-bound in morocco, 15s. + +This interesting MS., so frequently alluded to by Dr. Burney in the +course of his "History of Music," has been kindly placed at the disposal +of the Council of the Musical Antiquarian Society, by George Townshend +Smith, Esq., Organist of Hereford Cathedral. But the Council, not +feeling authorised to commence a series of literary publications, yet +impressed with the value of the work, have suggested its independent +publication to their Secretary, Dr. Rimbault, under whose editorial care +it accordingly appears. + +It abounds with interesting Musical Anecdotes; the Greek Fables +respecting the origin of Music; the rise and progress of Musical +Instruments; the early Musical Drama; the origin of our present +fashionable Concerts; the first performance of the Beggar's Opera, &c. + +A limited number having been printed, few copies remain for sale: unsold +copies will shortly be raised in price to 1l. 10s. 6d. + +Folio, price 30s. + +THE CHORAL RESPONSES AND LITANIES +OF THE UNITED CHURCH OF ENGLAND +AND IRELAND. Collected from Authentic Sources. By the +Rev. JOHN JEBB, A.M., Rector of Peterstow. + +The present Work contains a full collection of the harmonized +compositions of ancient date, including nine sets of pieces and +responses, and fifteen litanies, with a few of the more ancient Psalm +Chants. They are given in full score, and in their proper cliffs. In the +upper part, however, the treble is substituted for the "cantus" or +"medius" cliff: and the whole work is so arranged as to suit the library +of the musical student, and to be fit for use in the Choir. + +London: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + +Just Published, Octavo Edition, plain, 15s., Quarto Edition, having the +Plates of the Tesselated Pavements all coloured, 1l. 5s. + +REMAINS of ROMAN ART in Cirencester, the Site of Ancient Corinium; +containing Plates by De la Motte, of the magnificent Tesselated +Pavements discovered in August and September, 1849, with copies of the +grand Heads of Ceres, Flora, and Pomona; reduced by the Talbotype from +facsimile tracings of the original; together with various other plates +and numerous wood engravings. + +In the Quarto edition the folding of the plates necessary for the +smaller volume is avoided. + +"These heads (Ceres, Flora, and Pomona) are of a high order of art, and +Mr. De la Motte, by means of the Talbotype, has so successfully reduced +them that the engravings are perfect facsimiles of the originals. They +are, perhaps, the best of the kind, every tessella apparently being +represented. + +"Our authors have very advantageously brought to their task a knowledge +of geology and chemistry, and the important aid which an application of +these sciences confers on archĉology, is strikingly shown in the chapter +on the materials of the tessellĉ, which also includes a valuable report +by Dr. VOELCKER, on an analysis of ruby glass, which formed part of the +composition of one of the Cirencester pavements. This portion of the +volume is too elaborate and circumstantial for any justice to be done to +it in an extract."--_Gentleman's Mag., Sept._ + +London: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + +Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5. New +Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride in the City of London; and +published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish of St. +Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet +Street aforesaid.--Saturday, October 12. 1850. + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes & Queries, No. 50. Saturday, +October 12, 1850, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES & QUERIES, NO. 50. *** + +***** This file should be named 13551-8.txt or 13551-8.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/1/3/5/5/13551/ + +Produced by Jon Ingram, David King, the PG Online Distributed +Proofreading Team, and The Internet Library of Early Journals + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, +set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to +copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to +protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project +Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you +charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you +do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the +rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose +such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and +research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do +practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is +subject to the trademark license, especially commercial +redistribution. + + + +*** START: FULL LICENSE *** + +THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE +PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK + +To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free +distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work +(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project +Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project +Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at +https://gutenberg.org/license). + + +Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic works + +1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to +and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property +(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all +the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy +all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession. +If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the +terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or +entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. + +1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be +used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who +agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few +things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works +even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See +paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement +and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. See paragraph 1.E below. + +1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation" +or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the +collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an +individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are +located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from +copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative +works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg +are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project +Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by +freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of +this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with +the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by +keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project +Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others. + +1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern +what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in +a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check +the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement +before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or +creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project +Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning +the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United +States. + +1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: + +1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate +access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently +whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the +phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project +Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, +copied or distributed: + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + +1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived +from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is +posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied +and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees +or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work +with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the +work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 +through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the +Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or +1.E.9. + +1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted +with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution +must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional +terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked +to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the +permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. + +1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this +work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. + +1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this +electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without +prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with +active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project +Gutenberg-tm License. + +1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, +compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any +word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or +distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than +"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version +posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org), +you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a +copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon +request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other +form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. + +1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, +performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works +unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. + +1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing +access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided +that + +- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from + the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method + you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is + owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he + has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the + Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments + must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you + prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax + returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and + sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the + address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to + the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation." + +- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies + you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he + does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm + License. You must require such a user to return or + destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium + and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of + Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any + money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the + electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days + of receipt of the work. + +- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free + distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set +forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from +both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael +Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the +Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. + +1.F. + +1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable +effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread +public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm +collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain +"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or +corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual +property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a +computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by +your equipment. + +1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right +of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project +Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all +liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal +fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT +LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE +PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH F3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE +TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE +LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR +INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH +DAMAGE. + +1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a +defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can +receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a +written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you +received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with +your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with +the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a +refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity +providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to +receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy +is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further +opportunities to fix the problem. + +1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth +in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS' WITH NO OTHER +WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO +WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. + +1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied +warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. +If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the +law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be +interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by +the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any +provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. + +1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the +trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone +providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance +with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, +promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, +harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, +that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do +or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm +work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any +Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause. + + +Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm + +Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of +electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers +including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists +because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from +people in all walks of life. + +Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the +assistance they need, is critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's +goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will +remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure +and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations. +To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation +and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 +and the Foundation web page at https://www.pglaf.org. + + +Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive +Foundation + +The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit +501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the +state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal +Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification +number is 64-6221541. Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at +https://pglaf.org/fundraising. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent +permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. + +The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S. +Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered +throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at +809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email +business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact +information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official +page at https://pglaf.org + +For additional contact information: + Dr. Gregory B. Newby + Chief Executive and Director + gbnewby@pglaf.org + + +Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation + +Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide +spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of +increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be +freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest +array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations +($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt +status with the IRS. + +The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating +charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United +States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a +considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up +with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations +where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To +SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any +particular state visit https://pglaf.org + +While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we +have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition +against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who +approach us with offers to donate. + +International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make +any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from +outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. + +Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation +methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other +ways including including checks, online payments and credit card +donations. To donate, please visit: https://pglaf.org/donate + + +Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. + +Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm +concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared +with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project +Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. + + +Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed +editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S. +unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily +keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. + + +Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: + + https://www.gutenberg.org + +This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, +including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary +Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to +subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. diff --git a/old/13551-8.zip b/old/13551-8.zip Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..4f05969 --- /dev/null +++ b/old/13551-8.zip diff --git a/old/13551-h.zip b/old/13551-h.zip Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..4f92823 --- /dev/null +++ b/old/13551-h.zip diff --git a/old/13551-h/13551-h.htm b/old/13551-h/13551-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..10e8f62 --- /dev/null +++ b/old/13551-h/13551-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,2392 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> +<head> +<meta name="generator" content= +"HTML Tidy for Windows (vers 1st March 2004), see www.w3.org" /> +<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content= +"text/html; charset=us-ascii" /> +<title>Notes And Queries, Issue 50.</title> + +<style type="text/css"> + + /*<![CDATA[*/ + <!-- + body {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%;} + p {text-align: justify;} + blockquote {text-align: justify;} + h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 {text-align: center;} + pre {font-size: 0.7em;} + + hr {text-align: center; width: 50%;} + html>body hr {margin-right: 25%; margin-left: 25%; width: 50%;} + hr.full {width: 100%;} + html>body hr.full {margin-right: 0%; margin-left: 0%; width: 100%;} + hr.adverts {width: 100%; height: 5px; color: black;} + html>body hr.adverts {margin-right: 0%; margin-left: 0%; width: 100%;} + hr.short {text-align: center; width: 20%;} + html>body hr.short {margin-right: 40%; margin-left: 40%; width: 20%;} + + + .note, .footnote {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; + font-size: 0.9em;} + + .poem {margin-left:10%; margin-right:10%; + text-align: left;} + .poem .stanza {margin: 1em 0em 1em 0em;} + .poem p {margin: 0; padding-left: 3em; text-indent: -3em;} + .poem p.i2 {margin-left: 2em;} + .poem p.i4 {margin-left: 4em;} + .poem p.i6 {margin-left: 6em;} + .poem p.i8 {margin-left: 8em;} + .poem p.i10 {margin-left: 10em;} + .poem .caesura {vertical-align: -200%;} + + span.pagenum {position: absolute; left: 1%; right: 91%; + font-size: 8pt;} + + p.author {text-align: right;} + --> + /*]]>*/ +</style> +</head> +<body> + + +<pre> + +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes & Queries, No. 50. Saturday, October +12, 1850, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes & Queries, No. 50. Saturday, October 12, 1850 + A Medium Of Inter-Communication For Literary Men, Artists, + Antiquaries, Genealogists, Etc. + + +Author: Various + +Release Date: September 28, 2004 [EBook #13551] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES & QUERIES, NO. 50. *** + + + + +Produced by Jon Ingram, David King, the PG Online Distributed +Proofreading Team, and The Internet Library of Early Journals + + + + + + +</pre> + +<span class="pagenum"><a id="page305" name= +"page305"></a>{305}</span> +<h1>NOTES AND QUERIES:</h1> +<h2>A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, +ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC.</h2> +<hr /> +<h3><b>"When found, make a note of."</b>—CAPTAIN CUTTLE.</h3> +<hr class="full" /> +<table summary="masthead" width="100%"> +<tr> +<td align="left" width="25%"><b>No. 50.</b></td> +<td align="center" width="50%"><b>SATURDAY, OCTOBER 12, +1850</b></td> +<td align="right" width="25%"><b>Price Threepence.<br /> +Stamped Edition 4d.</b></td> +</tr> +</table> +<hr class="full" /> +<h2>CONTENTS</h2> +<table summary="Contents" align="center"> +<tr> +<td align="left">NOTES:—</td> +<td align="right">Page</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">A Note on "Small Words"</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page305">305</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Gray's Elegy, by Bolton Corney</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page306">306</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Gray's Elegy in Portuguese</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page306">306</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Further Notes on the Authorship of Henry +VIII.</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page306">306</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Queen Elizabeth and Sir Henry Nevill, by Lord +Braybrooke</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page307">307</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Minor +Notes:—Whales—Bookbinding—Scott's +Waverley—Satyayrata</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page307">307</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">QUERIES:—</td> +<td></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">The Black Rood of Scotland</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page308">308</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Minor Queries:—Trogus +Pompeius—Mortuary Stanzas—Laird of +Grant—Bastille, Records of,—Orkney under +Norwegians—Swift's Works—Pride of the +Morning—Bishop Durdent and the Staffordshire +Historians—Pope and Bishop Burgess—Daniel's Irish New +Testament—Ale Draper—Eugene Aram—Latin +Epigram—Couplet in Defoe—Books wanted to refer +to—Watermarks in Writing-paper—Puzzling +Epitaph—Cornish MSS.—Bilderdijk the Poet—Egyptian +MSS.—Scandinavian Priesthood—Thomas Volusemus</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page309">309</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">REPLIES:—</td> +<td></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Curfew</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page311">311</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Engelmann's Bibliotheca Scriptorum +Classicorum</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page312">312</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Crozier and Pastoral Staff, by Rev. M. +Walcott</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page313">313</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Parsons, the Staffordshire Giant, by E.F. +Rimbault, L.L.D.</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page314">314</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Wormwood Wine, by S.W. Singer, &c.</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page315">315</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Replies to Minor Queries:—Feltham's +Works—Harefinder—Fool or a Physician—Papers of +Perjury—Pilgrim's Road—Capture of Henry +VI.—Andrew Beckett—Passage in Vida—Quem +Deus—Countess of Desmond—Confession—Cayell, +Meaning of,—Lord Kingsborough's +Mexico—Aërostation—Concolinel—Andrewes's +Tortura Torti, &c.</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page315">315</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">MISCELLANEOUS:—</td> +<td></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &c.</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page319">319</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Books and Odd Volumes Wanted</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page319">319</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Notices to Correspondents</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page319">319</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Advertisements</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page320">320</a></td> +</tr> +</table> +<hr class="full" /> +<h2>NOTES.</h2> +<h3>A NOTE ON "SMALL WORDS."</h3> +<blockquote> +<p>"And ten small words creep on in one dull line."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Most ingenious! most felicitous! but let no man despise little +words, despite of the little man of Twickenham. He himself knew +better, but there was no resisting the temptation of such a line as +that. Small words he says, in plain prosaic criticism, are +generally "stiff and languishing, but they may be beautiful to +express melancholy."</p> +<p>The English language is a language of small words. It is, says +Swift, "overstocked with monosyllables." It cuts down all its words +to the shortest possible dimensions: a sort of half-Procrustes, +which lops but never stretches. In one of the most magnificent +passages in Holy Writ, that, namely, which describes the death of +Sisera:—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"At her feet he bowed, he fell: at her feet he bowed, he fell, +he lay down: where he bowed, there he fell down dead."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>There are twenty-two monosyllables to three of greater length, +or rather to the same dissyllable thrice repeated; and that too in +common parlance proncounced as a monosyllable. The passage in the +Book of Ezekiel, which Coleride is said to have considered the most +sublime in the whole Bible,—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"And He said unto me, son of man, can these bones live? And I +answered, O Lord God, though knowest,"—</p> +</blockquote> +<p>contains seventeen monosyllables to three others. And in the +most grand passage which commences the Gospel of St. John, from the +first to the fourteenth verses, inclusive, there are polysyllables +twenty-eight, monosyllables two hundred and one. This it may be +said is poetry, but not verse, and therefore makes but little +against the critic. Well then, out of his own mouth shall he be +confuted. In the fourth epistle of his <i>Essay on Man</i>, a +specimen selected purely at random from his works, and extending +altogether to three hundred and ninety-eight lines, there are no +less than twenty-seven (that is, a trifle more than one out of +every fifteen,) made up <i>entirely</i> of monosyllables: and over +and above these, there are one hundred and fifteen which have in +them only one word of greater length; and yet there are few dull +creepers among the lines of Pope.</p> +<p>The early writers, the "pure wells of English undefiled," are +full of "small words."</p> +<p>Hall, in one of the most exquisite of his satires, speaking of +the vanity of "adding house to house, and field to field," has +these most beautiful lines,—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Fond fool! six feet shall serve for all thy store,</p> +<p>And he that cares for most shall find no more!"</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>"What harmonious monosyllables!" says Mr. Gifford; and what +critic will refuse to echo his exclamation? The same writer is full +of monosyllabic lines, and he is among the most energetic +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page306" id= +"page306"></a>{306}</span> of satirists. By the way, it is not a +little curious, that in George Webster's <i>White Devil, or +Vittoria Corombona</i>, almost the same thought is also clothed in +two monosyllabic lines:—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"His wealth is summed, and this is all his store:</p> +<p>This poor men get, and great men get no more."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>Was Young dull? Listen, for it is indeed a "solemn +sound:"—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"The bell strikes one. We take no note of time</p> +<p>Save by its loss, to give it then a tongue</p> +<p>Was wise in man."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>Was Milton tame? Hear the "lost archangel" calling upon Hell to +receive its new possessor:—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p class="i6">"One who brings</p> +<p>A mind not to be chang'd by place or time.</p> +<p>The mind is its own place, and in <i>itself</i></p> +<p>Can make a heav'n of hell,—a hell of heav'n.</p> +<p>What <i>matter</i> where, if I be still the same,</p> +<p>And what I should be; all but less than he</p> +<p>Whom <i>thunder</i> hath made <i>greater</i>? Here at least</p> +<p>We shall be free; the <i>Almighty</i> hath not built</p> +<p>Here for his <i>envy</i>; will not drive us hence:</p> +<p>Here we may reign <i>secure</i>; and in my choice</p> +<p>To reign is worth <i>ambition</i>, though in hell:</p> +<p><i>Better</i> to reign in hell, than serve in heav'n!"</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>A great conjunction of little words! Are monosyllables +passionless? Listen to the widowed Constance:—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Thou mayst, thou shalt! I will not go with thee!</p> +<p>I will <i>instruct</i> my <i>sorrows</i> to be proud;</p> +<p>For grief is proud, and makes his <i>owner</i> stout;</p> +<p>To me, and to the state of my great grief,</p> +<p>Let kings <i>assemble</i>; for my grief's so great,</p> +<p>That no <i>supporter</i> but the huge firm earth</p> +<p>Can hold it up: here I and <i>sorrow</i> sit;</p> +<p>Here is my throne: bid kings come bow to it."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>Six polysyllables only in eight lines!</p> +<p>The ingenuity of Pope's line is great, but the criticism false. +We applaud it only because we have never taken the trouble to think +about the matter, and take it for granted that all monosyllabic +lines must "creep" like that which he puts forward as a specimen. +The very frequency of monosyllables in the compositions of our +language is one grand cause of that frequency passing uncommented +upon by the general reader. The investigation prompted by the +criticism will serve only to show its unsoundness.</p> +<p class="author">K.I.P.B.T.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>ON GRAY'S ELEGY.</h3> +<p>If required to name the most popular English poem of the last +century, I should perhaps fix on the <i>Elegy</i> of Gray. +According to Mason, it "ran through eleven editions in a very short +space of time." If he means <i>separate</i> editions, I can point +out six other impressions in the life-time of the poet, besides +those in miscellaneous collections viz. In <i>Six Poems by Mr. T. +Gray</i>, London, 1753. Folio—1765. Folio—and in +<i>Poems by Mr. Gray</i>, London, 1768. small 8o.—Glasgow +1768. 4o.—London. A new edition, 1768. small 8o. A new +edition, 1770. small 8o. So much has been said of translations and +imitations, that I shall confine myself to the text.</p> +<p>Of the <i>first</i> separate edition I am so fortunate as to +possess a copy. It is thus entitled:—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"<i>An elegy wrote in a country church-yard</i>. LONDON: printed +for R. Dodsley in Pal-mall; and sold by M. Cooper in +Pater-noster-row, 1751. Price six-pense. 4o six leaves.</p> +<p>"Advertisement.</p> +<p>"The following POEM came into my hands by accident, if the +general approbation with which this little piece has been spread, +may be call'd by so slight a term as accident. It is this +approbation which makes it unnecessary for me to make any apology +but to the author: as he cannot but feel some satisfaction in +having pleas'd so many readers already, I flatter myself he will +forgive my communicating that pleasure to many more.</p> +<p>"The EDITOR."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>The history of this publication is given by Gray himself, in a +letter to Walpole, dated in 1751, and needs no repetition; but I +must observe, as a remarkable circumstance, that the poem was +reprinted <i>anonymously</i>, in its separate form, as late as +1763.</p> +<p>I have collated the editions of 1751 and 1770, and find +variations in stanzas 1, 3, 5, 9, 10, 12, 23, 24, and 27. All the +amendments, however, were adopted as early as 1753, except the +correction of a grammatical peccadillo in the ninth stanza.</p> +<p>I make this communication in the shape of a note, as it may +interest men of the world not less than certain <i>hermits</i>.</p> +<p class="author">BOLTON CORNEY.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>GRAY'S ELEGY IN PORTUGUESE.</h3> +<p>In several numbers of the "NOTES AND QUERIES" mention is made of +various translations into foreign languages of GRAY'S <i>Elegy in a +Country Church-yard</i>. P.C.S.S. begs leave to add to the list a +very elegant translation into Portuguese, by the Chevalier Antonio +de Aracejo (afterwards Minister of Foreign Affairs at Lisbon and at +Rio de Janeiro), to whose friendship he was indebted many years ago +for a copy of it. It was privately printed at Lisbon towards the +close of the last century, and was subsequently reprinted at Paris +in 1802, in a work called <i>Traductions interlinéaires, en +six Langues</i>, by A.M.H. Boulard.</p> +<p class="author">P.C.S.S.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>FURTHER NOTES ON THE AUTHORSHIP OF SHAKSPEARE'S HENRY +VIII.</h3> +<p>The Gentleman's Magazine for the present month contains a letter +from Mr. Spedding, the author of the essay which appeared in the +August <span class="pagenum"><a name="page307" id= +"page307"></a>{307}</span> number of that magazine on the +authorship of <i>Henry VIII.</i> After expressing himself +"gratified but not surprised" by the coincidence between his views +and those of Mr. Hickson in "NOTES AND QUERIES" (Vol. ii., p. +198.), Mr. Spedding proceeds:</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"The resemblance of the style, in some parts of the play, to +Fletcher's, was pointed out to me several years ago by Alfred +Tennyson (for I do not know why I should not mention his name); and +long before that, the general distinctions between Shakspeare's +manner and Fletcher's had been admirably explained by Charles Lamb +in his note on the <i>Two Noble Kinsmen</i>, and by Mr. Spalding in +his Essay. And in respect to this I had myself derived additional +light, more, perhaps, than I am aware of, from Mr. Hickson himself, +if he be (as I suppose he is) the S.H. of the <i>Westminster +Review</i>. But having been thus put upon the scent and furnished +with principles, I followed the inquiry out by myself, without help +or communication. That two independent inquirers should thus have +arrived at the same conclusions upon so many particulars, must +certainly be considered very singular, except upon one supposition; +viz., that the conclusions are according to reason. Upon that +supposition, nothing is more natural; and I must confess, for my +own part, that I should have been more surprised if the coincidence +had been less exact."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>We will borrow one more paragraph from Mr. Spedding's +communication (which is distinguished throughout by the liberality +of tone of a true scholar), and we doubt not that the wish +expressed at its conclusion is one in which our readers join as +heartily as ourselves:—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"I hope, however, that Mr. Hickson may be induced to pursue his +own investigation further, and to develop more fully the suggestion +which he throws out as to a difference of style discernible in the +scenes which he attributes to Shakspeare. If I understand him +rightly, he sees traces in this play of the earlier as well as the +later hand of both poets. I cannot say that I perceive any +indications of this myself, nor, if it be so, can I well make out +how it should have come to pass. But I should be glad to hear more +about it."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>It will be seen by the following extract from Mr. Emerson's +<i>Representative Men</i>, for which we are indebted to our +correspondent A.R., that the subject had attracted the attention of +that distinguished writer.—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"In <i>Henry VIII.</i>, I think I see plainly the cropping out +of the original rock on which his (Shakspeare's) own finer stratum +was laid. The first play was written by a superior, thoughtful man, +with a vicious ear. I can mark his lines, and know well their +cadence. See Wolsey's Soliloquy, and the following scene with +Cromwell, where, instead of the metre of Shakspeare, whose secret +is, that the thought constructs the tune, so that reading for the +sense will best bring out the rhythm; here the lines are +constructed on a given tune, and the verse has even a trace of +pulpit eloquence. But the play contains, through all its length, +unmistakeable traits of Shakspeare's hand; and some passages, as +the account of the coronation, are like autographs. What is odd, +the compliment to Queen Elizabeth is in the bad rhythm."</p> +</blockquote> +<hr /> +<h3>QUEEN ELIZABETH AND SIR HENRY NEVILL.</h3> +<p>Many years ago I copied the following note from a volume of +Berkshire pedigrees in the British Museum, my reference to which is +unluckily lost.</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Queen Elizabeth, in her first progress at Maidenhithe Bridge, +being mett by all the Nobility, Kn'ts, and Esquires of Berks, they +kneeling on both sides of her way, shee alighted at the bridge +foot, and walked on foote through the midst, and coming just +agaynst Sir Henry Nevill of Billingbear, made a stay, and leyd her +glove on his head, saying, 'I am glad to see thee, <i>Brother +Henry</i>.' Hee, not pleased with the expression, swore she would +make the court believe hee was a bastard, at which shee laughed, +and passed on."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>The masquing scene in <i>Henry VIII.</i>, as described by +Holinshed, perhaps furnishes a clue to the Queen's pleasantry, +though Shakspeare has omitted the particular incident relating to +Sir Henry Nevill. The old chronicler, after giving an account of +Wolsey's banquet, and the entrance of a noble troop of strangers in +masks, amongst whom he suspected that the king made one, proceeds +as follows:—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Then the Lord Chamberlain said to the Cardinal, Sir, they +confesse that among them there is such a noble personage whom, if +your Grace can appointe out 'from the rest, he is content to +disclose himself and to accept your place.' Whereupon the Cardinal, +taking good advisement among them, at the last quoth he, 'Me +seemeth the gentleman in the black beard should be even he.' And +with that he arose out of his chaire and offered the same to the +gentleman in the black beard, with his cap in his hand. The person +to whom he offered the chaire was Sir Edward Nevill, a comelie +knight, that much more resembled the king's person in that mask +than anie other. The King perceiving the Cardinal so deceived, +could not forbear laughing, and pulled down his visor and Maister +Nevill's too."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Sir Edward Nevill of Aldington, in Kent, was the second +surviving son of George Nevill, Lord Abergavenny, and the father of +Sir Henry Nevill above mentioned, who laid the foundation-stone and +built the body and one wing of Billingbear House, which still +belongs to his descendant. Sir Edward Nevill was beheaded for high +treason in 1538, his likeness to Henry VIII. not saving him from +the fate which befell so many of that king's unhappy +favourites.</p> +<p class="author">BRATHBROOKE.</p> +<p>Audley End.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>MINOR NOTES.</h3> +<p><i>Whales.</i>—Tychsen thinks the stories of whales +mistaken for islands originated in the perplexities of +inexperienced sailors when first venturing from <span class= +"pagenum"><a name="page308" id="page308"></a>{308}</span> the +Mediterranean into a sea exposed to the tides. I think Dr. Whewell +mentions that in particular situations the turn of the current +occurs at a sufficient interval from the time of high or low water +to perplex even the most experienced sailors.</p> +<p class="author">F.Q.</p> +<p><i>Bookbinding.</i>—While the mischief of <i>mildew</i> on +the <i>inside</i> of books has engaged some correspondents to seek +for a remedy (Vol. ii., 103. 173.), a word may be put in on behalf +of the <i>outside</i>, the binding. The present material used in +binding is so soft, flabby, and unsound, that it will not endure a +week's service. I have seen a bound volume lately, with a name of +repute attached to it; and certainly the <i>workmanship</i> is +creditable enough, but the <i>leather</i> is just as miserable as +any from the commonest workshop. The volume cannot have been bound +many months, and yet even now, though in good hands, it is +beginning to rub <i>smooth</i>, and to look, what best expresses it +emphatically, <i>shabby</i>, contrasting most grievously with the +leather of another volume, just then in use, bound some fifty or +seventy years ago, and as sound and firm as a drum's +head—<i>common</i> binding too, be it observed—as the +modern <i>cover</i> is flabby and washy. Pray, sir, raise a voice +against this wretched <i>material</i>, for that is the thing in +fault, not the workmanship; and if more must be paid for undoctored +outsides, let it be so.</p> +<p class="author">NOVUS.</p> +<p><i>Scott's Waverley.</i>—Some years ago, a gentleman of my +acquaintance, now residing in foreign parts, told me the following +story:—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Once upon a time," the great unknown being engaged in a +shooting-match near his dwelling, it came to pass that all the +gun-wadding was spent, so that he was obliged to fetch <i>paper</i> +instead. After Sir Walter had come back, his fellow-shooter chanced +to look at the succedaneum, and was not a little astonished to see +it formed part of a tale written by his entertainer's hand. By his +friend's urgent inquiries, the Scotch romancer was compelled to +acknowledge himself the author, and to save the well nigh destroyed +manuscript of <i>Waverley</i>.</p> +</blockquote> +<p>I do not know whether Sir Walter Scott was induced by +<i>this</i> incident to publish the first of his tales or not; +perhaps it occurred after several of his novels had been printed. +Now, if any body acquainted with the anecdote I relate should +perchance hit upon my endeavour to give it an English garb, he +would do me a pleasure by noting down the particulars I might have +omitted or mis-stated. I never saw the fact recorded.</p> +<p class="author">JANUS DOUSA.</p> +<p><i>Satyavrata.</i>—Mr. Kemble, <i>Salomon and Saturn</i>, +p. 129., does not seem to be aware that the Satyavrata in question +was one of the forgeries imposed on, and afterwards detected, by +Wilford.</p> +<p class="author">F.Q.</p> +<hr class="full" /> +<h2>QUERIES.</h2> +<h3>BLACK ROOD OF SCOTLAND.</h3> +<p>Can any of your correspondents give me any information on the +following points connected with "the Black Rood of Scotland?"</p> +<p>1. What was the history of this cross before it was taken into +Scotland by St. Margaret, on the occasion of her marriage with +Malcolm, king of Scotland? Did she get it in England or in +Germany?</p> +<p>2. What was its size and make? One account describes it as made +of gold, and another (<i>Rites of Durham</i>, p. 16.) as of +silver.</p> +<p>3. Was the "Black Rood of Scotland" the same as the "Holy Cross +of Holyrood House?" One account seems to make them the same: for in +the <i>Rites of Durham</i>, p. 16., we read,—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"At the east end of the south aisle of the choir, was a most +fair rood, or picture of our Saviour, <i>in silver</i>, called the +<i>Black Rood of Scotland</i>, brought out of Holyrood House by +King David Bruce, and was won at the battle of Durham, with the +picture of our Lady on the one side, and St. John on the other +side, very richly wrought in silver, all three having crowns of +gold," &c. &c.</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Another account, in p. 21 of the same work, seems to make them +different; for, speaking of the battle of Neville's Cross (18th +October, 1346), it says—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"In which said battle a <i>holy Cross</i>, which was taken out +of Holyrood House, in Scotland, by King David Bruce, was won and +taken," &c., p. 21.</p> +</blockquote> +<p>And adds,—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"In which battle were slain seven earls of Scotland.... and also +lost <i>the said cross</i>, and many other most worthy and +excellent jewels ... together with the Black Rood of Scotland (so +termed) with Mary and John, made of silver, being, as it were, +smoked all over," &c., p. 22.</p> +</blockquote> +<p>4. If they were the same, how is the legend concerning its +discovery by the king, upon Holyrood day, when hunting in a forest +near Edinburgh, to be reconciled with the fact of its being taken +by St. Margaret into Scotland? If they were not the same, what was +the previous history of each, and which was the cross of St. +Margaret?</p> +<p>5. How is the account of Simeon of Durham, that the Black Rood +was bequeathed to Durham Priory by St. Margaret, to be reconciled +with the history of its being taken from the Scotch at the battle +of Neville's Cross?</p> +<p>6. May there not be a connexion between the legend of the +discovery of the "Holy Cross" between the horns of a wild hart +(<i>Rites of Durham</i>, p. 21.), and the practice that existed of +an offering of a stag annually made, on St. Cuthbert's day, in +September, by the Nevilles of Raby, to the Priory of Durham? May it +not have been an acknowledgement <span class="pagenum"><a name= +"page309" id="page309"></a>{309}</span> that the cross won at the +battle of Neville's Cross was believed to have been taken by King +David from the hart in the forest of Edinburgh? In the "Lament for +Robert Neville," called by Surtees "the very oldest rhyme of the +North" we read—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Wel, qwa sal thir hornes blaw</p> +<p class="i2">Haly rod thi day?</p> +<p>Nou is he dede and lies law</p> +<p class="i2">Was wont to blaw thaim ay."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>7. Is it known what became of the "Holy Cross" or "Black Rood" +at the dissolution of Durham Priory?</p> +<p class="author">P.A.F.</p> +<p>Newcastle-on-Tyne.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>MINOR QUERIES.</h3> +<p><i>Trogus Pompeius.</i>—In Hannay and Dietrichsen's +<i>Almanuck for the Year</i> 1849, I find the following statement +under the head of "Remarkable Occurrences of the Year +1847:"—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"July 21. A portion of the history of Trogus Pompeius (the +author abridged by Justin) is discovered in the library of +Ossolinski at Berlin."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Not having noticed any contemporary account of this occurrence, +I should be glad of any information respecting the nature and +extent of the discovery.</p> +<p class="author">E.L.N.</p> +<p><i>Mortuary Stanzas.</i>—Could any of your readers supply +me with information respecting the practice of appending mortuary +stanzas to the yearly bills of mortality, published in many +parishes; whether there are any extant specimens of such stanzas +besides those memorable poems of Cowper written for the parish +clerk of Northampton; and whether, also, the practice is still kept +up in any parts of the country?</p> +<p class="author">[Greek: Philopatris].</p> +<p><i>Laird of Grant.</i>—In the north of England, I have +repeatedly heard the <i>auld wife</i> remark, on observing any +unwonted act of extravagance, such as burning more than the +ordinary number of candles, &c. &c.,—"Who is to be +Laird of Grant next year?" As this saying appears to be used only +in the north, I have no other medium at present than to seek a +reply through the aid of your valuable little work.</p> +<p class="author">SENEX.</p> +<p class="note">[A similar "saw" was formerly current in the +metropolis,—"What, three candles burning! we shall be Lord +Mayor next year."]</p> +<p><i>Bastille, MS. Records of.</i>—Are there amongst the +MSS. of the British Museum any documents relating to spies, or +political agents, employed by the French and English governments +from 1643 to 1715, who were incarcerated in the Bastille?</p> +<p class="author">M.V.</p> +<p><i>Orkney under the Norwegians.</i>—Torfæus +(<i>Orcades</i>), under the transactions of the year 1430 (p. +182-3.), has an incidental mention of the Orkneys as among the +forbidden islands, "vetitæ insulas," of which the commerce +was forbidden to strangers, and confined to the mother country, as +to this day it is with Denmark and her possessions of the Faroe +Islands and Iceland, both mentioned in the paragraph of the +historian among the islands whose commerce was restricted. It would +be very desirable to know of the social state of Orkney under the +government of Norway and its native Jarls of the Norwegian race, +and or its connexion with Norway and Denmark; and some of your +correspondents may take the trouble to point out sources of +information on the subject of this Query.</p> +<p class="author">W.H.F.</p> +<p>Kirkwall</p> +<p><i>Swift's Works.</i>—In Wilde's <i>Closing Years of Dean +Swift's Life</i> (2d edit. p. 78.) is mentioned an autograph letter +from Sir Walter Scott to C.G. Gavelin, Esq., of Dublin, in the MS. +library. T.C.D., in which he states he had nothing whatever to do +with the publication or revision of the second edition of the +<i>Works of Jonathan Swift</i>. This does not agree with the +statement given in Mr. Lockhart's <i>Life of Sir Walter Scott</i>, +2d edit. vol. vii. p. 215. Who was the editor, and in what does the +second edition differ from the first?</p> +<p class="author">W.H.F.</p> +<p>"<i>Pride of the Morning</i>."—Why is the small rain which +falls in the morning, at some seasons of the year, called "the +pride of the morning?"</p> +<p class="author">P.H.F.</p> +<p><i>Bishop Durdent and the Staffordshire Historians.</i>—It +is stated by Sampson Erdeswich, Esq., in his <i>Survey of +Staffordshire</i>, p. 164, 12mo. 1717, that—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Not far from Tame, Roger Durdent held Fisherwicke of the +bishop, 24 Ed. I. And 4 Ed. II. Nicholas Durdent was lord of it, +which I suppose was procured to some of his ancestors of the same +name by their kinsman Walter Durdent, Bishop of Litchfield, in +Henry II.'s time."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>but no authority is given for this statement.</p> +<p>In Shaw's <i>History of Staffordshire</i>, p. 365., fol., 1798, +it is further recorded that—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Walter Durdent, in the beginning of Henry II., appears to have +granted it (Fisherwicke) to some of his relations, for we find +William Durdent of Fisherwicke temp. Henry II.; and in the 40th of +Hen. III. Roger Durdent occurs, who held Fisherwicke of the bishop, +24 Ed. I. In the 4 Ed. II. Nicholas Durdent was lord of it."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Shaw refers to Erdeswick, and to the <i>Annals of Burton +Abbey</i>, p. 364.</p> +<p>In Dr. Harwood's edition of Erdeswick, 8vo., 1844, the same +statements are repeated, but no authority is adduced. Could any of +your correspondents obligingly furnish me with the original +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page310" id= +"page310"></a>{310}</span> sources of information to which +Erdeswick had access, and also with any biographical notices of +Bishop Durdent besides those which are recorded in Godwin and Shaw? +The bishop had the privilege of coining money. (See Shaw's +<i>Staffordshire</i>, pp. 233. 265.) Are any of his coins known to +numismatists?</p> +<p class="author">F.R.R.</p> +<p><i>Pope and Bishop Burgess.</i>—To what passage in Pope's +writings does the conclusion of the following extract refer?<a id= +"footnotetag1" name="footnotetag1"></a><a href= +"#footnote1"><sup>1</sup></a></p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Digammaticæ doctrinæ idem accidit. In his +<i>Popius</i> eam in ludibrium vertit, &c. Sed eximius Poeta +neque in veteribus suæ ipsius linguæ, nedum +Græcæ monumentis versatus, tantum scilicet de antiqua +illa litera vidit, quantum <i>de Shakespearii</i> SAGITTARIO."</p> +</blockquote> +<p class="author">W.W.</p> +<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote1" name= +"footnote1"></a><b>Footnote 1:</b><a href= +"#footnotetag1">(return)</a> +<p>3d ed. of Dawes's <i>Mis. Critic</i>, p. xviii, note x.</p> +</blockquote> +<p><i>Daniel's Irish New Testament.</i>—F.G.X. will be much +obliged for information on the following points:—</p> +<p>1. Which is the most correct edition, as to printing and +orthography, of Daniel's Irish New Testament?</p> +<p>2. Does the edition now on sale by the Bible Society bear the +character for incorrectness as to these points, which, judged by +itself, it appears to deserve, or is it really, though "bad, the +best?"</p> +<p>3. F.G.X. is far advanced with an Irish Testament Concordance. +Can any one possessed of the requisite information give him hope of +the acceptableness of such a publication? He should expect it to be +chiefly useful to clerical Irish students in acquiring a knowledge +of words and construction; but the lists of Irish Bibles disposed +of of late years would lead to the supposition of its being +desirable also as pointing out the place of passages to the native +reader.</p> +<p>4. Does the Cambridge University Library contain a copy of the +first edition of Daniel's translation?</p> +<p><i>Ale Draper—Eugene Aram.</i>—In Hargrove's +well-known history of Eugene Aram, the hero of Bulwer's still +better known novel, one of the guilty associates of the +Knaresborough murderer is designated as an "Ale Draper." As this +epithet never presented itself in my reading, and as I am not aware +that <i>draper</i> properly admits of any other definition than +that given by Johnson, "one who deals in cloth," may I ask whether +the word was ever in "good use" in the above sense?</p> +<p>My main purpose in writing, is to propound the foregoing Query; +but while I have the pen in hand permit me to ask,—</p> +<p>1. Whether it be possible to read the celebrated "defence," so +called, which was delivered by Aram on his trial at York, without +concurring with the jury in their verdict, and with the judge in +his sentence? In short, without a strong feeling that the prisoner +would not have been hanged, but for that over-ingenious, and +obviously evasive, address, in which the plain averment of "not +guilty" does not occur.</p> +<p>2. Has not the literary character, especially the philological +attainments, of this noted malefactor been vastly over-rated? +And</p> +<p>3. Ought not the "memoirs" of "this great man" by Mr. Scatcherd +to be ranked among the most remarkable attempts ever made, and +surely made</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"—in vain,</p> +<p>To wash the murderer from blood-guilty stain?"</p> +</div> +</div> +<p class="author">D.</p> +<p>Rotherfield</p> +<p><i>Latin Epigram.</i>—Can any of your correspondents +inform me who was the author of the following epigram:—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>IN MEMORIAM G.B.M.D.</p> +</div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Te tandem tuus Oreus habet, quo civibus Orei</p> +<p>Gratius haud unquam misit Apollo caput;</p> +<p>Quippe tuo jussu terras liquere, putantque</p> +<p>Tartara se jussu linquere posse tuo."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>The person alluded to was Sir W. Browne, M.D., the founder of +the Browne medals in the University of Cambridge. Some old fellow +of King's College may be able to inform me.</p> +<p>The medals were first given about the year 1780, and in the +first year, I presume, out of respect to the memory of the donor, +no subject was given for Epigrams. It has occurred to me, that +perhaps some wag on that occasion sent the lines as a quiz.</p> +<p class="author">W.S.</p> +<p>Richmond, Surrey</p> +<p><i>Couplet in De Foe</i>—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Restraint from ill is freedom to the wise,</p> +<p>And good men wicked liberties despise."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>This couplet is at the end of the second letter in De Foe's +<i>Great Law of Subordination</i>, p. 42. Is it his own? If not, +where did he get it?</p> +<p class="author">N.B.</p> +<p><i>Books wanted to refer to</i>.—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Hollard's Travels (1715), by a French Protestant Minister, +afterwards suppressed by the author."</p> +<p>"Thomas Bonnell, Mayor of Norwich, Life of."</p> +<p>"Canterbury, Letters and Memoirs on the Excommunication of two +Heretics, 1698."</p> +<p>"The Book of Seventy-seven French Protestant Ministers, +presented to Will'm III."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>If any of your readers can refer me to the above works I shall +be glad. They may be in the British Museum, although I have +searched there in vain for them.</p> +<p class="author">J.S.B.</p> +<p><i>Water-marks in Writing-paper.</i>—Can any of your +correspondents indicate any guide to the dating of <span class= +"pagenum"><a name="page311" id="page311"></a>{311}</span> paper by +the water-mark. I think I have read of some work on that subject, +but have no precise recollection about it. I have now before me +several undated MSS. written on paper of which it would be very +desirable to fix the exact date. They evidently belonged to Pope, +Swift, and Lady M.W. Montague, as they contain their autographs. +They are all of that size called <i>Pro Patria</i>, and two of them +have as water-mark a figure of Britannia with a lion brandishing a +sword within a paling, and the motto <i>Pro Patria</i> over the +sword. Of one of these the opposite page has the initials GR, and +the other has IX; but the paper has been cut off in the middle of +the water-mark and only exhibits half the figure IV. Another sheet +has the royal arms (1. England and Scotland impaled, 2. France, 3. +Ireland, 4. the white horse of Hanover,) within the garter, and +surmounted by the crown, and on the opposite page GR. within a +crowned wreath. There is no doubt that they were all manufactured +between 1715 and 1740; but is there any means of arriving at a more +precise date?</p> +<p class="author">C.</p> +<p><i>Puzzling Epitaph.</i>—The following curious epitaph was +found in a foreign cathedral:—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>EPITAPHIUM.</p> +</div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"O quid tuæ</p> +<p>be est biæ;</p> +<p>ra ra ra</p> +<p>es et in</p> +<p>ram ram ram</p> +<p>ii."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>The following is plainly the solution of the last four +lines:—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p><i>ra, ra, ra</i>, is thrice <i>ra</i>, i.e. +<i>ter-ra=terra</i>.</p> +<p><i>ram, ram, ram</i>, is thrice <i>ram</i>, i.e. +<i>ter-ram=terram</i>.</p> +<p><i>ii</i> is <i>i</i> twice, <i>i.e. i-bis=ibis</i>.</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>Thus the last four lines are,—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Terra es et in terram ibis."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>Can any one furnish a solution of the two first lines?</p> +<p class="author">J. BDN.</p> +<p class="note">[We would suggest that the first two lines are to +be read "O <i>super</i> be, quid <i>super</i> est, tuæ +<i>super</i> biæ," and the epitaph will then be—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"O superbe quid superest tuæ superbiæ</p> +<p>Terra es, et in terram ibis."—ED.]</p> +</div> +</div> +<p><i>MSS. of Cornish Language.</i>—Are there any ancient +MSS. of the Cornish language, or are there any works remaining in +that language, besides the <i>Calvary</i> and <i>Christmas +Carol</i> published by the late Davies Gilbert?</p> +<p class="author">J.A. GILES.</p> +<p><i>Bilderdijk the Poet.</i>—Banished from his native +country, disowned by his own countrymen, the Dutch poet Willem +Bilderdijk pitched his tent for a while on the hospitable soil of +Old England. Prince William V. residing in 1795 at Hampton Court, +he resolved to stay there; but, possessing no income at all, and, +like the sage of antiquity, having saved nothing from the shipwreck +but his genius, he shifted his dwelling-place to London, where he +gave lessons in drawing, languages, and various, even medical, +sciences. He was married in England to Katharine Wilhelmina +Schweickhardt, on the 18th of May, 1797. His residence in the +birthplace of "NOTES AND QUERIES" makes me ask, if there be still +persons living, who remember him as teacher, friend, or poet? A +presentation-copy of Mrs. Bilderdijk's translation of <i>Rodrick, +the Last of the Goths</i>, was offered to Southey, accompanied by a +Latin letter from her spouse. The poet-laureate visiting Leyden in +the summer of 1825, Bilderdijk would not suffer him to remain +lodged in the inn, where an injury to his leg urged him to favour +the landlord with a protracted stay. Southey was transported +accordingly to the Dutch poet's house; and did not leave it before +he was cured, several weeks having elapsed in the meanwhile. +Mention of this fact is made in a poem the British bard addresses +to Cuninghame. I do not know whether it is alluded to in Southey's +<i>Life</i>.</p> +<p>Bilderdijk's foot was crushed accidentally, in the sixth year of +his age, by one of his play-fellows; and thus he, who, by his +natural disposition seemed to be destined to a military career, was +obliged to enlist in the <i>militia togata</i>. He fought the good +fight in verse. It is remarkable that Byron and Sir Walter Scott, +his cotemporaries, were also lame or limping.</p> +<p class="author">JANUS DOUSA.</p> +<p><i>Egyptian MSS.</i>—What is the age of the oldest MS. +found in Egypt? Are there any earlier than the age of +Alexander?</p> +<p class="author">J.A. GILES.</p> +<p><i>Scandinavian Priesthood.</i>—Will one of your +correspondents do me the favour to let me know the best authority I +can refer to for information as to the priesthood of the +Scandinavians; the mode of their election, the rank from which they +were generally chosen, whether they were allowed to marry, +&c.?</p> +<p class="author">MAX BRANDESON.</p> +<p><i>Thomas Volusemus (or Wilson?).</i>—Is anything known of +Thomas Volusemus (Wilson?) who edited the works of his +father-in-law, Patrick Adamson, titular Archbishop of St. Andrew's, +which were published in London A.D. 1619?</p> +<p class="author">H.A.E.</p> +<hr class="full" /> +<h2>REPLIES.</h2> +<h3>CURFEW.</h3> +<p>We have received the following Replies to NABOC'S inquiry (Vol. +ii., p. 103.) as to where the custom of ringing the curfew still +remains.</p> +<p><i>Bingley in Yorkshire.</i>—In the town of Bingley, +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page312" id= +"page312"></a>{312}</span> in Yorkshire, the custom of ringing the +curfew existed in the year 1824. It may have been discontinued +since that year, but I do not know that it has.</p> +<p>It is also the custom at Blackburn, in Lancashire; and it was, +if it is not now, at Bakewell in Derbyshire.</p> +<p class="author">H.J.</p> +<p><i>Bromyard, Herefordshire.</i>—The curfew is still rung +at Bromyard, Herefordshire, at nine P.M., from the 5th of November, +until Christmas Day; and the bell is afterwards tolled the number +of the day of the month. Why it is merely confined to within the +above days, I could never ascertain.</p> +<p class="author">G.F.C.</p> +<p><i>Waltham-on-the-Wolds.</i>—The curfew is still rung at +Waltham-on-the-Wolds, Leicestershire, at five A.M., eight P.M. in +summer, and at six A.M., seven P.M. in winter; the bell also +tolling the day of the month.</p> +<p class="author">R.J.S.</p> +<p><i>Oxfordshire.</i>—I see that NABOC's inquiry about the +curfew is answered at p. 175. by a reference to the <i>Journal of +the British Archæological Association</i>. The list there is +probably complete: but lest it should omit any, I may as well +mention, from my own knowledge, Woodstock, Oxon, where it rings +from eight to half-past eight in the evening, from October to +March; Bampton and Witney, Oxon, and Stow, in Gloucester; at some +of which places it is also rung at four in the morning.</p> +<p class="author">C.</p> +<p><i>Chertsey, Surrey.</i>—In the town of Chertsey in +Surrey, the curfew is regularly tolled for a certain time at eight +every evening, but only through the winter months. There is also a +curious, if not an uncommon, custom kept up with regard to it. +After the conclusion of the curfew, and a pause of half a minute, +the day of the month is tolled out: one stroke for the 1st, two for +the 2nd, and so on.</p> +<p class="author">H.C. DE ST. CROIX.</p> +<p><i>Penrith.</i>—The curfew bell continues to be rung at +Penrith, in Cumberland, at eight o'clock in the evening, and is the +signal for closing shops, &c.</p> +<p><i>Newcastle-upon-Tyne.</i>—The curfew is still rung by +all the churches of Newcastle-upon-Tyne at eight in the evening; +and its original use may be said to be preserved to a considerable +extent, for the greater bulk of the shops make it a signal for +closing.</p> +<p class="author">G. BOUCHIER RICHARDSON.</p> +<p><i>Morpeth.</i>—The curfew bell is still rung at eight +P.M. at Morpeth in Northumberland.</p> +<p class="author">E.H.A.</p> +<p><i>Exeter.</i>—The curfew is rung in Exeter Cathedral at +eight P.M.</p> +<p>The present practice is to toll the bell thirty strokes, and +after a short interval to toll eight more; the latter, I presume, +denoting the hour.</p> +<p class="author">G.T.</p> +<p><i>Winchester.</i>—Curfew is still rung at Winchester.</p> +<p class="author">AN OLD COMMONER PREFECT.</p> +<p><i>Over, near Winsford, Cheshire.</i>—The custom of +ringing the curfew is still kept up at Over, near Winsford, +Cheshire; and the parish church, St. Chads, is nightly visited for +that purpose at eight o'clock. This bell is the signal amongst the +farmers in the neighbourhood for "looking up" their cattle in the +winter evenings; and was, before the establishment of a public +clock in the tower of the Weaver Church at Winsford, considered the +standard time by which to regulate their movements.</p> +<p class="author">A READER.</p> +<p class="note">[We are indebted to the courtesy of the Editor of +the <i>Liverpool Albion</i> for this Reply, which was originally +communicated to that paper.]</p> +<p><i>The Curfew</i>, of which some inquiries have appeared in the +"NOTES AND QUERIES," is generally rung in the north of England. But +then it is also common in the south of Scotland. I have heard it in +Kelso, and other towns in Roxburghshire. The latter circumstance +would appear to prove that it cannot have originated with the +Norman conqueror, to whom it is attributed.</p> +<p class="author">W.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>ENGELMANNS BIBLIOTHECA SCRIPTORUM CLASSICORUM.</h3> +<h4>(Vol. ii., p. 296.)</h4> +<p>The shortest reply to MR. DE MORGAN'S complaint against a +foreign bookseller would be, that <i>Engelmann himself</i> printed +for any of the purchasers of a large number of his Catalogues the +titles to which MR. DE MORGAN objects so much.</p> +<p>Will you allow me to add one or two remarks occasioned by MR. DE +MORGAN'S strictures?</p> +<p>1. Engelmann is not, strictly speaking, a bookseller, and his +catalogues are not booksellers' catalogues in the sense in which +that term is generally received here. He is a publisher and +compiler (and an admirable one) of general classified catalogues +for the use of the trade and of students, without any reference to +his stock, or, in many instances, to the possibility of easily +acquiring copies of the books enumerated: and although he +<i>might</i> execute an order from his catalogues, getting orders +is <i>not</i> the end for which <i>he</i> publishes them.</p> +<p>2. Some foreign houses in London, as well as in other countries, +bought a large number of his Catalogues, not as a <i>book</i> but +as a <i>catalogue</i>, to be supplied to their customers at the +bare cost, or, where it appears advisable, to be delivered gratis +to purchasers of a certain amount.</p> +<p>3. It appears to me pardonable if, under these circumstances, a +notice is inserted on the title, that orders may be directed to the +house which has purchased a number, and supplies them without any +immediate profit; and I may add that I do <span class= +"pagenum"><a name="page313" id="page313"></a>{313}</span> not +believe any of the houses concerned would object to a notice being +taken of such a proceeding in your paper.</p> +<p>4. The error in omitting the words "from 1700" on the +title-page, is one to which MR. DE MORGAN'S notice first directed +my attention, classics printed before that date not being commonly +in demand among foreign booksellers.</p> +<p>5. The practice of compiling catalogues for general use, with +the names of the purchasers of any number of copies of the +catalogue inserted on the title or wrapper, is very common in +Germany.</p> +<p>Hinrichs of Leipsic issues—</p> +<p>1. A Six-monthly Alphabetical Catalogue, with a systematic +index;</p> +<p>2. A Quarterly Catalogue, systematically arranged, with an +alphabetical index;</p> +<p>Vandenhoeck of Gottigen issues <i>half-yearly</i>—</p> +<p>1. A Bibliotheca Medico-Chirurgica et Pharmaceuto-Chemica;</p> +<p>2. A Bibliotheca Theologica, for Protestant theology;</p> +<p>3. A Bibliotheca Classica et Philologica;</p> +<p>4. A Bibliotheca Juridica;</p> +<p>and Engelmann, from time to time, numerous general +catalogues;—</p> +<p>all of which are not only supplied to London houses, with +English titles, but may be had all over Germany, with the firms of +different booksellers inserted as publishers of the catalogue.</p> +<p>Will you make use of the above in any way in which you may think +it of advantage to your readers?</p> +<p class="author">ANOTHER FOREIGN BOOKSELLER.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>CROZIER AND PASTORAL STAFF.</h3> +<h4>(Vol. ii., p. 248.)</h4> +<p>A correspondent inquires what was the difference between a +crozier and a pastoral staff. The crozier (<i>Crocia</i>, +Mediæval Latin), Fr. <i>Crosse</i>, Ital. <i>Rocco +Pastorale</i>, German. <i>Bischofstab</i>, is the ornamental staff +used by archbishops and legates, and derives its name from the +cross which surmounts it. A crozier behind a pall is borne on the +primatial arms of Canterbury. The use of the crozier can only be +traced back to the 12th century. <i>Cavendish</i> mentions "two +great crosses of silver, whereof one of them was for his +archbishoprick and the other for his legatry, always before" +Cardinal Wolsey. The fact did not escape Master <i>Roy</i>, who +sings thus:—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Before him rydeth two Prestes stronge,</p> +<p>And they beare two Crosses right longe,</p> +<p class="i2">Gapinge in every man's face."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p><i>Hall</i> says that he removed from Whitehall "with one +cross." In the Eastern Church patriarchs only have a crozier; a +patriarch has two transverse bars upon his crozier, the Pope +carries three.</p> +<p>The pastoral staff was the ensign of bishops. Honorius describes +it as in the form of a shepherd's crook, made of wood or bone, +united by a ball of gold or crystal, the lower part of the staff +being pointed.</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"In Evangelio Dominus Apostolis præcepit, ut in +prædcatione nihil præter virgam tollerent. Et +quià Episcopi pastores gregis Dominici sunt, ideò +baculum in custodiâ præferunt: per baculum, quo infirmi +sustentatur, auctoritas doctrinæ designatur; per virgam, +quà improbi emendantur, potestas regiminis figuratur. +Baculum ergò Pontifices portant, ut infirmos in Fide per +doctrinam erigant. Virgam bajulant, ut per potestatem inquietos +corrigant: quæ virga vel baculus est recurvus, ut aberrantes +à grege docendo ad poenitetiam trabat; in extremo est +acutus, ut rebelles excommunicando retrudat; hæreticos, velut +lupos, ab ovili Christi potestativè exterreat."—<i>In +Gemmâ Animæ</i>, lib. i. cap. 218, 219., <i>apud +Hitterpium</i>.</p> +</blockquote> +<p>In its primitive form it appears to have been a staff shaped +like a T, and used to lean upon. It was gradually lengthened, and +in some cases was finished at the top like a mace. The pastoral +staff is mentioned in the <i>Life of S. Cæsarius of +Arles</i>. Gough says that the pastoral staff found in the coffin +of Grostete, Bp. of Lincoln, who died in 1254, was made of red wood +ending in a rudely shaped ram's horn. It was inscribed:</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Per baculi formam</p> +<p>Prælati discite normam."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>In the first prayer-book of the Reformed English Church, 2 +Edward VI., at the time of the holy communion the bishop is +directed to have "<i>his pastoral staff in his hand, or else borne +by his chaplain</i>." It was used in solemn benedictions; and so +lately as at the coronation of Queen Elizabeth. The second book of +King Edward VI., published A.D. 1552, being revived in that reign, +the use of the staff was discontinued, as we find by the +consecration service of Archbishop Parker.</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Postq' hæc dixissent, ad reliqua Communionis solemnia +permit Cicestren. nullu. Archie'po tradens Pastorale +baculum."—<i>Bramhall</i>, vol. iii. p. 205., Part i. Disc. +5. App., Oxon. 1844.</p> +</blockquote> +<p>A crozier was borne at the funerals of Brian Duppa, of Winton, +A.D. 1662; Juxon of London, 1663; Frewen of York, 1664; Wren of +Ely, 1667; Cosin of Dunelm, 1671; Trelawney of Winton, 1721; +Lindsay of Armagh, 1724. It is engraven on the monuments of +Goodrich of Ely, 1552; Magrath of Cashel, 1622; Hacket of +Lichfield, 1670; Creggleton of Wells, Lamplugh of York, 1691; +Sheldon, 1677; Hoadley of Winton, and Porteus of London. Their +croziers (made of gilt metal) were suspended over the tombs of +Morley, 1684, and Mews, 1706. The bishop's staff had its crook bent +outwards to signify that his jurisdiction extended over his +diocese; that of the abbot inwards, as his authority was limited to +his house. The crozier of Matthew Wren was of silver <span class= +"pagenum"><a name="page314" id="page314"></a>{314}</span> with the +head gilt. When Bp. Fox's tomb was opened at Winchester some few +years since, his staff of oak was found in perfect preservation. A +staff of wood painted in azure and gilt, hangs over Trelawney's +tomb in Pelynt Church, Cornwall. The superb staff of the pious and +munificent founder of the two St. Marie Winton Colleges is still +preserved at Oxford, as is also that of the illustrious Wykehamist, +Bp. Fox, to whose devotion we owe Corpus Christi College in that +university. One of the earliest tombs bearing a staff incised, is +that of Abbot Vitalis, who died in 1082, and may be seen in the +south cloister of St. Peter's Abbey in Westminster. There were +croziered as well as mitred abbots: for instance, the superior of +the Benedictine abbey at Bourges had a right to the crozier, but +not to the mitre. The Abbot of Westminster was croziered and +mitred. I intended to write a reply, but have enabled with a +note.</p> +<p class="author">MACKENZIE WALCOTT, M.A.</p> +<p>7. College Street, Westminster</p> +<p>J.Z.P. will find a fully satisfactory answer to his Query, in +regard to the real difference between the crozier and the pastoral +staff, on referring to the article headed "Crozier," in the +<i>Glossary of Architecture</i>. It is there stated, that "the +crozier of an archbishop is surmounted by a cross; but it was only +at a comparatively late time, about the 12th century, that the +archbishop laid aside the pastoral staff, to assume the cross as an +appropriate portion of his personal insignia." From which it may be +inferred, that the only existent real difference between the +crozier and the pastoral staff is, that the former is surmounted by +a cross, and the latter is as it was before the 12th century, viz., +surmounted by "a head curled round something in the manner of a +shepherd's crook;" and the difference in regard to their use, that +the crozier pertains to the archbishops, and the pastoral staff to +the bishops.</p> +<p class="author">R.W. ELLIOT</p> +<p>Cheltenham, Sept. 16. 1850.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>PARSONS, THE STAFFORDSHIRE GIANT.</h3> +<h4>(Vol. ii., p. 135.)</h4> +<p>Harwood's note in Erdeswick's <i>Staffordshire</i>, quoted by +your correspondent C.H.B., is incorrect, inasmuch as the writer has +confused the biographies of two distinct "giants"—WALTER +PARSONS, porter to King James I., and WILLIAM EVANS, who filled the +same office in the succeeding reign.</p> +<p>The best account of these two "worthies" is that found in +Fuller, and which I extract from the original edition now before +me:—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>WALTER PARSONS, born in this county [Staffordshire], was first +apprenticed to a smith, when he grew so tall in stature, that a +hole was made for him in the ground to stand therein up to the +knees, so to make him adequate with his fellow-workmen. He +afterwards was porter to King <i>James</i>; seeing as gates +generally are higher than the rest of the building, so it was +sightly that the porter should be taller than other persons. He was +proportionable in all parts, and had strength equal to height, +valour to his strength, temper to his valour, so that he disdained +to do an injury to any single person. He would make nothing to take +two of the tallest <i>yeomen</i> of the <i>guard</i> (like the +<i>Gizard</i> and <i>Liver</i>) under his arms at once, and order +them as he pleased.</p> +<p>"Yet were his parents (for aught I do understand to the +contrary) but of an ordinary stature, whereat none will wonder who +have read what <i>St. Augustine</i> (<i>De Civitate Dei</i>, lib. +xv. cap. 23.) reports of a woman which came to <i>Rome</i> (a +little before the sacking thereof by the <i>Goths</i>), of so +giant-like a height, that she was far above all who saw her, though +infinite troopes came to behold the spectacle. And yet he addeth, +<i>Et hoc erat maximæ admirationis, quod ambo parentes ejus, +&c</i>. This made men most admire, that both her parents were +but of ordinary stature. This <i>Parsons</i> is produced for proof, +that all ages afford some of extraordinary height, and that there +is no general decay of mankind in their <i>dimensions</i>, which, +if there were, we had ere this time shrunk to be lower than +<i>Pigmyes</i>, not to instance in a lesse proportion. This +<i>Parsons</i> died Anno Dom. 1620."—Fuller's <i>History of +the Worthies of England</i>, 1662 (<i>Staffordshire</i>), p. +48.</p> +<p>"WILLIAM EVANS was born in this county [Monmouthshire], and may +justly be accounted the <i>Giant</i> of our age for his stature, +being, full two yards and a half in height. He was porter to King +<i>Charles I.</i>, succeeding, <i>Walter Persons</i> [sic] in his +place, and exceeding him two inches in height, but far beneath him +in an equal proportion of body; for he was not onely what the +<i>Latines</i> call <i>compernis</i>, knocking his knees together, +and going out squalling with his feet, but also haulted a little; +yet made a shift to dance in an antimask at court, where he drew +little Jeffrey, the dwarf, out of his pocket, first to the wonder, +then to the laughter, of the beholders. He dyed <i>Anno Dom</i>. +1630." <i>Ibid. (Monmouthshire)</i>, p. 54.</p> +</blockquote> +<p>From these extracts it will be seen that the Christian name of +Parsons was <i>Walter</i>, not William, as stated by Harwood. +<i>William</i> was the Christian name of Evans, Parsons' successor. +The bas-relief mentioned by the same writer represents William +Evans and Jeffrey Hudson, his diminutive fellow-servant. It is over +the entrance of <i>Bull-head Court</i>, Newgate Street; not "a +bagnio-court," which is nonsense. On the stone these words are cut: +"The King's Porter, and the Dwarf," with the date 1660. This +bas-relief is engraved in Pennant.</p> +<p>There is a picture of Queen Elizabeth's giant porter at Hampton +Court but I am not aware that any portrait of Parsons is preserved +in the Royal Collections.</p> +<p class="author">EDWARD F. RIMBAULT.</p> +<hr /> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page315" id= +"page315"></a>{315}</span> +<h3>EISELL AND WORMWOOD WINE.</h3> +<h4>(Vol. ii., p. 249.)</h4> +<p>If Pepys' friends actually did <i>drink up</i> the two quarts of +<i>wormwood wine</i> which he gave them, it must, as LORD +BRAYBROOKE suggests, have been rendered more palatable than the +<i>propoma</i> which was in use in Shakspeare's time. I have been +furnished by a distinguished friend with the following, among other +Notes, corroborative of my explanation of <i>eisell</i>:</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"I have found no better recipe for making wormwood wine than +that given by old Langham in his <i>Garden of Health</i>; and as he +directs its use to be confined to 'Streine out a <i>little</i> +spoonful, and drinke it with a draught of ale or wine,' I think it +must have been so atrociously unpalatable, that to <i>drink it +up</i>, as Hamlet challenged Laertes to do, would have been as +strong an argumentum ad stomachum as to digest a crocodile, even +when appetised by a slice of the loaf."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>It is evident, therefore, that but small doses of this +nauseously bitter medicament were taken at once, and to take a +large draught, <i>to drink up</i> a quantity, "would be an extreme +pass of amorous demonstration sufficient, one would think, to have +satisfied even Hamlet." Our ancestors seem to have been partial to +medicated wines; and it is most probable that the wormwood wine +Pepys gave his friends had only a slight infusion of the bitter +principle; for we can hardly conceive that such "pottle draughts" +as two quarts could be taken as a treat, of such a nostrum as the +<i>Absinthites</i>, or wormwood wine, mentioned by Stuckius, or +that prescribed by the worthy Langham.</p> +<p class="author">S.W. SINGER.</p> +<p>Mickleham, Sept. 30. 1850.</p> +<p><i>Eisell</i> (Vol. ii., p. 242.).—The attempt of your +very learned correspondent, MR. SINGER, to show that "eisell" was +<i>wormwood</i>, is, I fear, more ingenious than satisfactory. It +is quite true that wormwood wine and beer were ordinary beverages, +as wormwood bitters are now; but Hamlet would have done little in +challenging Laertes to a draught of wormwood. As to "eisell," we +have the following account of it in the "Via Recta ad Vitam longam, +or a Plaine Philosophical Discourse of the Nature, Faculties, and +Effects of all such Things as by way of Nourishments, and +Dieteticale Observations make for the Preservation of Health, +&c. &c. By Jo. Venner, Doctor of Physicke at Bathe in the +Spring and Fall, and at other Times in the Burrough of +North-Petherton, neere to the Ancient Haven Towne of Bridgewater in +Somersetshire. London, 1620."</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Eisell, or the vinegar which is made of cyder, is also a good +sauce, it is of a very penetrating nature and is like to verjuice +in operation, but it is not so astringent, nor altogether so cold," +p. 97.</p> +</blockquote> +<p class="author">J.R.N.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES.</h3> +<p><i>Feltham's Works</i> (Vol. ii., p. 133.).—In addition to +the works enumerated by E.N.W., Feltham wrote <i>A Discourse upon +Ecclesiastes</i> ii. 11.; <i>A Discourse upon St. Luke</i> xiv. +20.; and <i>A Form of Prayer composed for the Family of the Right +Honourable the Countess of Thomond</i>. These two lists, I believe, +comprise the whole of his writings. The meaning of the passage in +his <i>Remarks on the Low Countries</i>, appears to be this, that a +person "courtly or gentle" would receive as little kindness from +the inhabitants, and show as great a contrast to their boorishness, +as the handsome and docile merlin (which is the smallest of the +falcon tribe, anciently denominated "noble"), among a crowd of +noisy, cunning, thievish crows; neither remarkable for their beauty +nor their politeness. The words "after Michaelmas" are used because +"the merlin does not breed here, but visits us in October." +<i>Bewick's British Birds</i>, vol. i. p. 43.</p> +<p class="author">T.H. KERSLEY.</p> +<p>King William's College, Isle of Man.</p> +<p><i>Harefinder</i> (Vol. ii., p. 216.).—The following lines +from Drayton's <i>Polyolbion</i>, Song 23., sufficiently +illustrates this term:—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"The man whose vacant mind prepares him to the sport</p> +<p>The <i>Finder</i> sendeth out, to seeke out nimble +<i>Wat</i>,—</p> +<p>Which crosseth in the field, each furlong every flat,</p> +<p>Till he this pretty beast upon the form hath found:</p> +<p>Then viewing for the course which is the fairest ground,</p> +<p>The greyhounds forth are brought, for coursing then in case,</p> +<p>And, choycely in the slip, one leading forth a brace;</p> +<p>The Finder puts her up, and gives her coursers' law,"</p> +<p>&c.</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>In the margin, at the second line, are the words, <i>The +Harefinder</i>. What other instances are there of <i>Wat</i>, as a +name of the hare? It does not occur in the very curious list in the +<i>Reliquiæ Antiquæ</i>, i. 133.</p> +<p class="author">K.</p> +<p><i>Fool or a Physician—Rising and Setting Sun</i> (Vol. +i., p. 157.).—The inquiry of your correspondent C. FORBES, +respecting the authorship of the two well-known sayings on these +subjects, seems to have received no reply. He thinks that we owe +them both to that "imperial Macchiavel, Tiberius." He is right with +respect to the one, and wrong with regard to the other. The saying, +"that a man after thirty must be either a fool or a physician," +had, as it appears, its origin from Tiberius; but the observation +that "more worship the rising than the setting sun," is to be +attributed to Pompey.</p> +<p>Tacitus says of Tiberius, that he was "solitus eludere medicorum +artes, atque eos qui post tricesimum ætatis annum ad +internoscenda corpori <span class="pagenum"><a name="page316" id= +"page316"></a>{316}</span> suo utilia vel noxia alieni consilia +indigerent." <i>Annal</i>. vi. 46. Suetonius says: "Valetudine +prosperrimâ usus est,—quamvis a tricesimo ætatis +anno arbitratu eam suo rexerit, sine adjumento consiliove +medicorum." <i>Tib.</i> c. 68. And Plutarch, in his precepts <i>de +Valetudine tuendâ</i>, c. 49., says—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>[Greek: "Aekousa Tiberion pote Kaisara eipein, hos anaer huper +hexaekonta [sic vulgò, sed bene corrigit Lipsius ad Tac. +loc. cit. triakonta] gegonos etae, kai proteinon iatro cheira, +katagelastos estin."]</p> +</blockquote> +<p>These passages sufficiently indicate the origin of the saying; +but who first gave it the pointed form in which we now have it, by +coupling <i>fool</i> with <i>physician</i>, I am not able to +tell.</p> +<p>The authority for giving the other saying to Pompey, is +Plutarch, who says that when Pompey, after his return from Africa, +applied to the senate for the honour of a triumph, he was opposed +by Sylla, to whom he observed, [Greek: "Oti ton aelion anatellonta +pleiones ae duomenon proskunousin,"] that more worship the rising +than the setting sun—intimating that his own power was +increasing, and that of Sylla verging to its fall. (<i>Vit. +Pomp</i>. c. 22.)</p> +<p class="author">J.S.W.</p> +<p>Stockwell, Sept. 7.</p> +<p><i>Papers of Perjury</i> (Vol. ii., p. 182.).—In the +absence of a "graphic account," it may interest your correspondent +S.R. to be referred to the two following instances of "perjurers +wearing papers denoting their crime." In <i>Machyn's Diary</i>, +edited by the accomplished antiquary, John Gough Nichols, Esq., and +published by the Camden Society, at p. 104. occurs the +following:—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"A.D. 1556, April 28th.... The sam day was sett on the pelere in +Chepe iij. [men; two] was for the preuerment of wyllfull perjure, +the iij. was for wyllfull perjure, with <i>paper sett over their +hedes</i>."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>In the same works at p. 250., we have also this additional +illustration:</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"A.D. 1560—I. The xij. day of Feybruary xj. men of the +North was of a quest; because they gayff a wrong evyde [nee, and] +thay ware paper <i>a-pon their hedes</i> for perjure."</p> +</blockquote> +<p class="author">J. GOODWIN.</p> +<p>Birmingham.</p> +<p><i>Pilgrims' Road to Canterbury.</i>—Being acquainted with +the road to which your correspondent S.H. (Vol. ii., p. 237.) +alludes, he will, perhaps, allow me to say, that in the +neighbourhood of Kemsing a tradition is current, that a certain +line of road, which may be traced from Otford to Wrotham, was the +pilgrims' road from <i>Winchester</i> to Canterbury. How far this +may be correct I know not.</p> +<p>I have not been able to discover any road in the neighbourhood +of this city which goes by the name of the <i>pilgrims'</i> +road.</p> +<p>If any of your correspondents would furnish any particulars +respecting this road, I shall feel much obliged.</p> +<p class="author">R.V.</p> +<p>Winchester.</p> +<p><i>Capture of Henry VI.</i> (Vol. ii., p. 228.).—In his +correction of your correspondent, CLERICUS CRAVENSIS, MR. NICHOLS +states:—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Both Sir John Tempest and Sir James Harrington of Brierley, +near Barnesley, were concerned in the king's capture, and each +received 100 marks reward; but the fact of Sir Thomas Talbot being +the chief actor, is shown by his having received the larger reward +of 100<i>l.</i>"</p> +</blockquote> +<p>In this statement appears entirely to have been overlooked the +grant of lands made by King Edward IV. to Sir James +Harrington—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"For his services in taking prisoner, and withholding as such in +diligence and valour, his enemy Henry, lately called King Henry +VI."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>This grant, which was confirmed in Parliament, embraced the +castle, manor, and domain of Thurland; a park, called Fayzet Whayte +Park, with lands, &c. in six townships in the county of +Lancaster; lands at Burton in Lonsdale, co. York; and Holme, in +Kendal, co. Westmoreland, the forfeited lands of Sir Richard +Tunstell, and other "rebels." So considerable a recognition of the +services of Sir James Harrington would seem to demand something +more than the second-rate position given to them by your +correspondent. The order to give Sir James Harrington possession of +the lands under his grant will be found in Rymer. The grant itself +is printed in the <i>Nugæ Antiquæ</i>, by Henry +Harrington, 1775 (vol. ii. p. 121.), and will, I believe, be found +in Baines' <i>Lancashire</i>. Mr. Henry Harrington observes that +the lands were afterwards lost to his family by the misfortune of +Sir James and his brother being on the wrong side at Bosworth +Field; after which they were both attainted for serving Richard +III. and Edward IV., "and commanding the party which seized Henry +VI. and conducted him to the Tower."</p> +<p class="author">H.K.S.C.</p> +<p>Brixton.</p> +<p><i>Andrew Becket</i> (Vol. ii., p. 266.), about whom A.W. +HAMMOND inquires, when I knew him, about twelve years ago, was a +strange whimsical old gentleman, full of "odd crotchets," and +abounding in theatrical anecdote and the "gossip of the +green-room." But as to his ever having been "a <i>profound</i> +commentator on the dramatic works of Shakspeare," I must beg leave +to express my doubts. At one period he filled the post of +sublibrarian to the Prince Regent; and that he was "ardently +devoted to the pursuits of literature" cannot be a question.</p> +<p>His published works, as far as I can learn, are as +follows:—</p> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page317" id= +"page317"></a>{317}</span> +<blockquote> +<p>1. A Trip to Holland, 1801.</p> +<p>2. Socrates, a dramatic poem, 8vo. 1806.</p> +<p>3. Lucianus Redivivus, or Dialogues concerning Men, Manners, and +Opinions, 8vo. 1812.</p> +<p>4. Shakspeare's Himself, or the Language of the Poet asserted; +being a full but dispassionate Examin of the Readings and +Interpretations of the several Editors, 2 vols. 8vo. 1815.</p> +</blockquote> +<p class="author">EDWARD F. RIMBAULT.</p> +<p><i>Passage in Vida</i> (Vol. i., p. 384.).—Your +correspondent A.W. asks for some light on the lines of Vida, +<i>Christiad</i>, i. 67.:</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Quin age, te incolumi potius....</p> +<p>...</p> +<p>Perficias quodcumque tibi nunc instat agendum."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>He cannot construe "te incolumi." No wonder. Will not all be set +right by reading, "Quin age, et incolumi," &c.?</p> +<p class="author">J.S.W.</p> +<p>Stockwell, Sept. 7.</p> +<p>"<i>Quem Deus vult perdere</i>" (Vol. i., p. 347., +&c.).—To the illustrations of the saying "<i>Quem Deus +vult perdere prius dementat</i>," which have been given, may be +added the following from the <i>Fragments of Constantinus +Manasses</i> (edited with <i>Nicet. Eugen</i>., by Boissonade. +Paris, 1819), book viii. line 40.:—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>[Greek: "Ho gar theos aptomenos anthropou dianoias</p> +<p>Haenika to dusdaimoni kirnaesi penthous poma,</p> +<p>Ouden pollakis sugchorei bouleusasthai sumpheron."]</p> +</div> +</div> +<p class="author">J.E.B. MAYOR.</p> +<p>Marlborough College.</p> +<p><i>Countess of Desmond</i> (Vol. ii., pp. 153. 186.).—R. +is referred to Smith's <i>History of Cork</i>, and <i>European +Magazine</i>, vol. viii., for particulars respecting the Countess +of Desmond. They show her picture at Knowle House, Kent, or +Penshurst (I forget which); and tell the story of the fall from the +cherry (or plum) tree, adding that she cut three sets of teeth!</p> +<p class="author">WEDSECNARF.</p> +<p><i>Confession</i> (Vol. ii., p. 296.).—The name asked for +by U.J.B. of the Catholic priest, who, sooner than break the seal +of confession, suffered death, is John of Nepomuc, Canon of Prague. +By order of the Emperor Wenceslas, he was thrown off a bridge into +the Muldaw, because he would not tell that profligate prince the +confession of his religious empress. This holy man is honoured as +St. John Nepomucen on the 16th of May, in the kalendar of +Saints.</p> +<p class="author">D. ROCK.</p> +<p class="note">[U.J.B., if desirous of further particulars +respecting St. John Nepomuc, may consult Mrs. Jameson's interesting +<i>Legends of the Monastic Orders</i>, pp. 214. 217.—ED.]</p> +<p><i>Cavell, meaning of</i> (Vol. i., p. 473.).—I concur +entirely with the etymology of the word <i>cavell</i> given at p. +473. A lake having been drained in my country, the land is still +divided into <i>Kavelingen</i>; as lots of land were formerly +measured by strings of cord, <i>kavel</i>, <i>kabel</i>, +<i>cable</i>. Vide Tuinman <i>Trakkel</i>, d. n. t. p. 165. +<i>Kavelloten</i> is to receive a cavell by <i>lot.</i> cf. +<i>Idem, Verrolg</i>, p. 97.</p> +<p class="author">JANUS DOUSA.</p> +<p><i>Lord Kingsborough's Antiquities of Mexico.</i>—Has Lord +Kingsborough's splendid work on Mexican hieroglyphics ever been +completed or not?</p> +<p class="author">J.A. GILES.</p> +<p class="note">[This magnificent work has been recently completed +by the publication of the eighth volume, which may, we believe, be +procured from Mr. Henry Bohn.—ED.]</p> +<p><i>Aërostation</i> (Vol. ii., p. 199.).—The article +BALLOON, in the <i>Penny Cyclopædia</i>, would give C.B.M. a +good many references. The early works there mentioned are those of +Faujas de St. Fond, Bourgeois, and Cavallo; to which I add the +following: Thomas Baldwin, <i>Airopaidia, containing the Narrative +of a Balloon Excursion from Chester, Sept</i>. 8. 1785. Chester, +1786, 8vo. (pp. 360.).</p> +<p>Vincent Lunardi published the account of his voyage (the first +made in England) in a series of letters to a friend. The title is +torn out in my copy. The first page begins, "An Account of the +First Aërial Voyage in England. Letter I. London, July 15. +1784." (8vo. pp. 66 + ii. with a plate.) It ends with a poetical +epistle to Lunardi by "a gentleman well known in the literary +world" (query, the same who is thus cited in our day?) from which +the following extracts are taken as a specimen of the original +balloon jokes:—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"The multitude scarcely believed that a man,</p> +<p>With his senses about him could form such a plan,</p> +<p>And thought that as Bedlam was so very nigh,</p> +<p>You had better been there than turned loose in the sky.</p> +</div> +<div class="stanza"> +<hr /></div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"In their own way of thinking, all felt and all reasoned,</p> +<p>Greedy aldermen judged that your flight was ill-seasoned,</p> +<p>That you'd better have taken a good dinner first,</p> +<p>Nor have pinched your poor stomach by hunger or thirst.</p> +</div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"In perfect indifference the beau yawned a blessing,</p> +<p>And feared before night that your hair would want dressing;</p> +<p>But the ladies, all zeal, sent their wishes in air,</p> +<p>For a man of such spirit is ever their care.</p> +</div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Attornies were puzzled how now they could sue you,</p> +<p>Underwriters, what premium they'd now take to do you;</p> +<p>While the sallow-faced Jew, of his monies so fond,</p> +<p>Thanked Moses he never had taken your bond."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>Mr. Baldwin ascended in Lunardi's balloon, the latter being +present at the start, though not taking part in the voyage.</p> +<p class="author">M.</p> +<p><i>Concolinel</i> (Vol. ii., p. 217.).—I have been many +years engaged in researches connected with <span class= +"pagenum"><a name="page318" id="page318"></a>{318}</span> the +<i>original</i> music of Shakspeare's Plays, but it has not been my +good fortune to meet with the air of <i>Concolinel</i>. The +communication of your correspondent R. is of the greatest interest, +and I should be for ever grateful if he would allow me to see the +manuscript in question, in order that I might test the +<i>genuineness</i> of the air "stated, in a recent hand, to be the +tune of <i>Concolinel</i> mentioned by Shakspeare."</p> +<p>This air has double claims on our attention, as its existence, +in any shape, is placed amongst the "doubtful" points by the +following note extracted from the Rev. J. Hunter's <i>New +Illustrations of Shakspeare</i>, vol. i. p. 268.:—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Concolinel. In the absence of any thing like sufficient +explanation or justification of this word, if word it is, I will +venture to suggest the possibility that it is a corruption of a +stage direction, <i>Cantat Ital.</i>, for <i>Cantat +Italicé</i>; meaning that here Moth sings an Italian song. +It is quite evident, from what Armado says, when the song was +ended, 'Sweet air!' that a song of some sort was sung, and one +which Shakespeare was pleased with, and meant to praise. If Moth's +song had been an English song, it would have been found in its +place as the other songs are."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>I, for one, cannot subscribe to Mr. Hunter's suggestion that our +great poet intended an <i>Italian</i> song to be sung in his play +and for this reason, that Italian music for a <i>single voice</i> +was almost unknown in this country in 1597, at which date we know +<i>Love's Labour's Lost</i> was in existence. Surely +<i>Concolinel</i> is just as likely to be the burden of a song as +<i>Calen o Custure me</i>, mentioned in <i>Henry the Fifth</i> (Act +iv. sc. 4.), of which there is now no doubt.</p> +<p>I may just mention, in passing, that I have discovered the air +of <i>Calen o Custure me</i> in a manuscript that once belonged to +Queen Elizabeth, and have ample proof that it was an especial +favourite with her maiden majesty. The commentators were at fault +when they pointed out the more modern tune of the same name in +Playford's <i>Musical Companion</i>, 1667.</p> +<p class="author">EDWARD F. RIMBAULT.</p> +<p>S. Augustus Square, Regent's Park.</p> +<p><i>Andrewes's Tortura Torti</i> (Vol. ii., p. 295.).—On +what forms Mr. Bliss's third quotation, which <i>does</i> appear in +some shape in Bernard, <i>De Consid. ad Eugen.</i>, iii. 4. 18., +the <i>Bibliotheca Juridica</i>, &c., of Ferraris observes, +under the head of <i>Dispensatio</i>: "Hinc dispensatio sine justa +causa non dispensatio sed dissipatio dicitur communiter a +doctoribus, ut observant et tenent Sperell;" then referring to +several Romish canonists, &c., the last being Reiffenstuel, +lib. i., <i>Decretal</i>, tit. 2., n. 450., of which I give the +full reference, his volumes being accessible in the British Museum, +if not elsewhere.</p> +<p class="author">NOVUS.</p> +<p><i>Swords worn in Public</i> (Vol. ii., p. 218.)—A very +respected and old friend of mine, now deceased, used to relate that +he had often seen the celebrated Wilkes, of political notoriety, +walking in the public streets, dressed in what is usually termed +court dress, wearing his sword. Wilkes died in 1797. In connexion +with this subject it may be interesting to your readers to know +that in 1701 it was found necessary to prohibit footmen wearing +swords. An order was issued by the Earl Marshal in that year, +declaring that—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Whereas many mischiefs and dangerous accidents, tending not +onely to the highest breach of the peace, but also to the +destruction of the lives of his Ma'ties subjects, have happend and +been occasioned by Footmen wearing of Swords, for the prevention of +the like evill accidents and disturbance for the future, I doe +hereby order that no Foot-man attending any of the Nobilitye or +Gentry of his Ma'ties Realms, during such time as they or any of +them shall reside or bee within the Cities of London or Westm'r, +and the Liberties and Precincts of the same, shall wear any Sword, +Hanger, Bagonet, or other such like offensive weapon, as they will +answer the Contempt hereof." Dated 30th Dec. 1701.</p> +</blockquote> +<p class="author">F.E.</p> +<p><i>Speech given to Man to conceal his Thoughts</i> (Vol. i., p. +83.).—The maxim quoted by your correspondent F.R.A. was +invented, if I may rely upon the <i>notebook</i> of memory, by the +Florentine Machiavelli. The German writer Ludwig Börne +says:—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Macchiavelli, der die Freiheit liebte, schrieb seinem Prinzen +so, dass er alle rechtschaffenen Psychologen in Verlegenheit und in +solche Verwirrung gebracht, dass sie gar nicht mehr wussten, was +sie sprachen und sie behaupteten, Macchiavelli habe eine politische +Satyre geschrieben."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Le style c'est l'homme!</p> +<p class="author">JANUS DOUSA.</p> +<p><i>The Character "&,", and Meaning of "Parse"</i> (Vol. ii., +pp. 230. 284.).—This character, being different from any of +the twenty-four letters, was placed at the end of the alphabet, and +children, after repeating their letters, were taught to indicate +this symbol as <i>and-per-se-and</i>. Instead of spelling the word +<i>and</i>, as composed of three letters, it was denoted by a +special symbol, which was "<i>and by itself, and</i>." Hence the +corruption, an <i>ampussy and</i>.</p> +<p>The word <i>parse</i> is also derived from the Latin <i>per +se</i>. To <i>parse</i> a sentence is to take the words <i>per +se</i>, and to explain their grammatical form and etymology.</p> +<p class="author">L.</p> +<p><i>Wife of Edward the Outlaw</i> (Vol. ii., p. 279.).—With +reference to the Query of E.H.Y. (Vol. ii., p. 279.), there seems +to be much confusion in all the accounts of Edward's marriage. I +think it is evident, from an attentive consideration of the various +authorities, that the Lady Agatha was <span class= +"pagenum"><a name="page319" id="page319"></a>{319}</span> either +sister to Giselle, wife of <i>Stephen</i>, King of Hungary (to whom +the young princes must have been sent, as <i>he</i> reigned from +A.D. 1000 till A.D. 1038), and sister also to the Emperor Henry +II., or, as some writers seem to think, she was the daughter of +Bruno, that emperor's brother. (See a note in Dr. Lingard's +<i>History</i>, vol. i. p. 349.)</p> +<p>That she was not the <i>daughter</i> of either Henry II., Henry +III., or Henry IV., is very certain; in the first case, for the +reason stated by your correspondent; and in the second, because +Henry III. was only twelve years old when he succeeded his father +Conrad II. (in the year 1039), which of course puts his son Henry +IV. quite out of the question, who was born A.D. 1049. It strikes +me (and perhaps some of your correspondents will correct me if I am +wrong) that the two English princes <i>may</i> have respectively +married the two ladies to whom I have referred, and that hence may +have arisen the discrepancies in the different histories: but that +the wife of Edward the Outlaw was <i>one</i> of these two I have no +doubt.</p> +<p class="author">O.P.Q.</p> +<p><i>Translations of the Scriptures</i> (Vol. ii., p. +229.).—C.F.S. may perhaps find <i>The Bible of every +Land</i>, now publishing by Messrs. Bagster, serviceable in his +inquiries respecting Roman Catholic translations of the Scriptures. +The saying of the Duke of Lancaster is found in the first edition +of Foxe's <i>Acts and Monuments</i>, and in the modern reprint, iv. +674.; the original of the treatise from which it is taken being in +C.C. College, Cambridge. (See Nasmith's <i>Catalogue</i>, p. +333.)</p> +<p class="author">NOVUS.</p> +<p><i>Scalping</i> (Vol. ii., p. 220.).—W.B.D. confounds +beheading with scalping. In the American war many British soldiers, +it was said, walked about without their <i>scalps</i>, but not +without their heads.</p> +<p class="author">SANDVICENSIS.</p> +<hr class="full" /> +<h2>MISCELLANEOUS.</h2> +<h3>NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC.</h3> +<p>No one branch of antiquarian study has been pursued with greater +success during the last few years than that of Gothic Architecture; +and, to this success, no single work has contributed in any +proportion equal to that of the <i>Glossary of Terms used in +Grecian, Roman, Italian, and Gothic Architecture</i>. Since the +year 1836, in which this work first appeared, no fewer than four +large editions, each an improvement upon its predecessor, have been +called for and exhausted. The fifth edition is now before us; and, +we have no doubt, will meet, as it deserves, the same extended +patronage and success. When we announce that in this fifth edition +the text has been considerably augmented by the enlargement of many +of the old articles, as well as by the addition of many new ones, +among which Professor Willis has embodied a great part of his +<i>Architectural Nomenclature of the Middle Ages</i>; that the +number of woodcuts has been increased from eleven hundred to +seventeen hundred; and lastly, that the Index has been rendered far +more complete, by including in it the names of places mentioned, +and the foreign synonyms; we have done more to show its increased +value than any mere words of commendation would express. While the +only omission that has been made, namely, that of the utensils and +ornaments of the Mediæval Church (with the exception of the +few such as altars, credences, piscinas, and sedilias, which belong +to architectural structure and decoration), is a portion of the +work which all must admit to have been foreign to a Glossary of +Architectural Terms, and must therefore agree to have been wisely +and properly left out. The work in its present form is, we believe, +unequalled in the architectural literature of Europe, for the +amount of accurate information which it furnishes, and the beauty +of its illustrations; and as such, therefore, does the highest +credit both to its editor and to its publisher; if, indeed, the +editor and publisher be not identical.</p> +<p>Mr. L.A. Lewis, of 125. Fleet Street, has commenced a series of +weekly Book Sales, to take place every Friday during the months of +October and November, and has arranged that parties sending large +or small parcels of books for sale during the one week, may have +them sold on the Friday in the week following.</p> +<p>We have received the following Catalogues:—Bernard +Quaritch's (16. Castle Street, Leicester Square) Catalogue No. 19. +for 1850 of Oriental Literature, Manuscripts, Theology, Classics, +&c.; John Miller's (43. Chandos Street) Catalogue No. 12. for +1850 of History, Antiquities, Heraldry, &c., and Conchology, +Geology, and other popular Sciences.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES</h3> +<h4>WANTED TO PURCHASE.</h4> +<p>An early Edition of the HISTORY OF JACK AND THE GIANTS.</p> +<h4>Odd Volumes</h4> +<p>TURNER'S SACRED HISTORY. Vol. III. First Edition, 8vo.</p> +<p>Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, <i>carriage +free</i>, to be sent to Mr. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," +186. Fleet Street.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS.</h3> +<p>VOLUME THE FIRST OF NOTES AND QUERIES, <i>with Title-page and +very copious Index, is now ready, price 9s. 6d., bound in cloth, +and may be had, by order, of all Booksellers and Newsmen</i>.</p> +<p><i>The Monthly Part for September, being the Fourth of Vol. II., +is also now ready, price 1s.</i></p> +<p>NOTES AND QUERIES <i>may be procured by the Trade at noon on +Friday: so that our country Subscribers ought to experience no +difficulty in receiving it regularly. Many of the country +Booksellers are probably not yet aware of this arrangement, which +enables them to receive Copies in their Saturday parcels</i>.</p> +<p><i>As the Suggestion we threw out in our last week's Paper of +publishing an extra Number for the purpose of clearing off our +accumulation of REPLIES, seems to have given general satisfaction, +we shall, on Saturday next, issue a Double Number, to be devoted +chiefly, if not entirely, to REPLIES.</i></p> +<hr class="adverts" /> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page320" id= +"page320"></a>{320}</span> +<p>THE QUARTERLY REVIEW, No. CLXXIV., is published THIS DAY.</p> +<p>CONTENTS</p> +<blockquote> +<p>I. TICKNOR'S HISTORY OF SPANISH LITERATURE. II. CHURCH AND +EDUCATION IN WALES. III. FORMS OF SALUTATION. IV. SIBERIA AND +CALIFORNIA. V. MURE ON THE LITERATURE OF GREECE. VI. METROPOLITAN +WATER SUPPLY. VII. ANECDOTES OF THE PROVISIONAL GOVERNMENT. VIII. +COCHRANE'S YOUNG ITALY. IX. LAST DAYS OF LOUIS-PHILIPPE.</p> +</blockquote> +<p>JOHN MURRAY, Albemarle Street.</p> +<hr /> +<p>Published this day Saturday, October 12th,</p> +<p>KNIGHT'S PICTORIAL SHAKSPEARE. The NATIONAL EDITION. Part 1., +containing THE TWO GENTLEMEN OF VERONA, with Forty Illustrations, +Price 1<i>s.</i></p> +<p>London: CHARLES KNIGHT, 90. Fleet Street.</p> +<hr /> +<p>KNIGHT'S CYCLOPÆDIA OF THE INDUSTRY OF ALL NATIONS. Number +I., price 2<i>d.</i></p> +<p>KNIGHT'S CYCLOPÆDIA OF LONDON. Number 1., price 2<i>d.</i> +The above will be published on Saturday, November 2, and continued +Weekly.</p> +<p>London: CHARLES KNIGHT, 90. Fleet Street.</p> +<p>And sold by all Booksellers in Town and Country.</p> +<hr /> +<p>INDIA OVERLAND MAIL.—DIORAMA. GALLERY OF ILLUSTRATION, 14. +Regent Street, Waterloo Place.—A Gigantic MOVING DIORAMA of +the ROUTE of the OVERLAND MAIL to INDIA, exhibiting the following +Places, viz. Southampton Docks, Isle of Wight, Osbourne, the +Needles, the Bay of Biscay, the Berlings, Cintra, the Tagus, Cape +Trafalgar, Tarifa, Gibraltar, Algiers, Malta, Alexandria, Cairo, +the Desert of Suez, the Central Station, Suez, the Red Sea, Aden, +Ceylon, Madras, and Calcutta—is now OPEN +DAILY.—Mornings at Twelve; Afternoons at Three; and Evenings +at Eight.—Admission, 1<i>s.</i>; Stalls, 2<i>s.</i> +6<i>d.</i>; Reserved Seats, 3<i>s.</i> Doors open half an hour +before each Representation.</p> +<hr /> +<p>On the 1st of October, No. 12, price 5<i>s.</i>, published +Quarterly,</p> +<p>THE JOURNAL OF SACRED LITERATURE. Edited by JOHN KITTO, D.D., +F.S.A.</p> +<blockquote> +<p>CONTENTS. Genesis and Geology. The Bible and Josephus. On the +Authorship of the Acts of the Apostles. Jewish Commentaries on +Isaiah. Voices of the Night. On the Literal Interpretation of +Prophecy. Ramathaim Zephim and Rachel's Sepulchre. The Life of Hugh +Heugh, D.D. Reconsidered Texts. Miscellanea.</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Correspondence.—Notices of Books.—Biblical +Intelligence—List of Publications.</p> +<p>London: SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, and CO., Stationer's Hall Court. +Edinburgh: OLIVER and BOYD. Dublin: J. ROBERTSON, Grafton +Street.</p> +<hr /> +<p>Second Edition, with illustrations, 12mo., 3<i>s.</i> cloth.</p> +<p>THE BELL; its Origin, History, and Uses. By the Rev. ALFRED +GATTY, Vicar of Ecclesfield.</p> +<p>"A new and revised edition of a very varied, learned, and +amusing essay on the subject of bells."—<i>Spectator</i>.</p> +<p>GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.</p> +<hr /> +<p>JOURNAL FRANCAIS, publié à Londres.—Le +COURRIER de l'EUROPE, fondé en 1840 paraissant le Samedi, +donne dans chaque numéro les nouvelles de la semaine, les +meilleurs articles de tous les journaux de Paris, la Semaine +Dramatique par Th. Gautier ou J. Janin, la Révue de Paris +par Pierre Durand, et reproduit en entier les romans, nouvelles, +etc., en vogue par les premiers écrivains de France. Prix +6<i>d.</i></p> +<p>London: JOSEPH THOMAS, 1. Finch Lane.</p> +<hr /> +<p>IMPORTANT TO AUTHORS.—Gentlemen about to PRINT and PUBLISH +either BOOKS or PAMPHLETS, will save nearly ONE HALF by employing +HOPE & CO., Publishers, 16. Great Marlborough Street. A +Specimen Pamphlet of Bookwork, with Prices, a complete Author's +Guide, sent post free for 4<i>d.</i></p> +<hr /> +<p>MEMOIRS OF MUSICK. By the Hon. ROGER NORTH, Attorney-General to +James I. Now first printed from the original MS. and edited, with +copious Notes, by EDWARD F. RIMBAULT, LL.D., F.S.A., &c. +&c. Quarto; with a Portrait; handsomely printed in 4to.; +half-bound in morocco, 15<i>s.</i></p> +<p>This interesting MS., so frequently alluded to by Dr. Burney in +the course of his "History of Music," has been kindly placed at the +disposal of the Council of the Musical Antiquarian Society, by +George Townshend Smith, Esq., Organist of Hereford Cathedral. But +the Council, not feeling authorised to commence a series of +literary publications, yet impressed with the value of the work, +have suggested its independent publication to their Secretary, Dr. +Rimbault, under whose editorial care it accordingly appears.</p> +<p>It abounds with interesting Musical Anecdotes; the Greek Fables +respecting the origin of Music; the rise and progress of Musical +Instruments; the early Musical Drama; the origin of our present +fashionable Concerts; the first performance of the Beggar's Opera, +&c.</p> +<p>A limited number having been printed, few copies remain for +sale: unsold copies will shortly be raised in price to 1<i>l.</i> +10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> +<p>Folio, price 30<i>s.</i></p> +<p>THE CHORAL RESPONSES AND LITANIES OF THE UNITED CHURCH OF +ENGLAND AND IRELAND. Collected from Authentic Sources. By the Rev. +JOHN JEBB, A.M., Rector of Peterstow.</p> +<p>The present Work contains a full collection of the harmonized +compositions of ancient date, including nine sets of pieces and +responses, and fifteen litanies, with a few of the more ancient +Psalm Chants. They are given in full score, and in their proper +cliffs. In the upper part, however, the treble is substituted for +the "cantus" or "medius" cliff: and the whole work is so arranged +as to suit the library of the musical student, and to be fit for +use in the Choir.</p> +<p>London: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.</p> +<hr /> +<p>Just Published, Octavo Edition, plain, 15<i>s.</i>, Quarto +Edition, having the Plates of the Tesselated Pavements all +coloured, 1<i>l.</i> 5<i>s.</i></p> +<p>REMAINS of ROMAN ART in Cirencester, the Site of Ancient +Corinium; containing Plates by De la Motte, of the magnificent +Tesselated Pavements discovered in August and September, 1849, with +copies of the grand Heads of Ceres, Flora, and Pomona; reduced by +the Talbotype from facsimile tracings of the original; together +with various other plates and numerous wood engravings.</p> +<p>In the Quarto edition the folding of the plates necessary for +the smaller volume is avoided.</p> +<p>"These heads (Ceres, Flora, and Pomona) are of a high order of +art, and Mr. De la Motte, by means of the Talbotype, has so +successfully reduced them that the engravings are perfect +facsimiles of the originals. They are, perhaps, the best of the +kind, every tessella apparently being represented.</p> +<p>"Our authors have very advantageously brought to their task a +knowledge of geology and chemistry, and the important aid which an +application of these sciences confers on archæology, is +strikingly shown in the chapter on the materials of the +tessellæ, which also includes a valuable report by Dr. +VOELCKER, on an analysis of ruby glass, which formed part of the +composition of one of the Cirencester pavements. This portion of +the volume is too elaborate and circumstantial for any justice to +be done to it in an extract."—<i>Gentleman's Mag., +Sept.</i></p> +<p>London: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.</p> +<hr /> +<p>Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at +No. 5. New Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride in the City of +London; and published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in +the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, +Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.—Saturday, +October 12. 1850.</p> +<hr class="full" /> + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes & Queries, No. 50. Saturday, +October 12, 1850, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES & QUERIES, NO. 50. *** + +***** This file should be named 13551-h.htm or 13551-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/1/3/5/5/13551/ + +Produced by Jon Ingram, David King, the PG Online Distributed +Proofreading Team, and The Internet Library of Early Journals + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, +set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to +copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to +protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project +Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you +charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you +do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the +rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose +such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and +research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do +practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is +subject to the trademark license, especially commercial +redistribution. + + + +*** START: FULL LICENSE *** + +THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE +PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK + +To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free +distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work +(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project +Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project +Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at +https://gutenberg.org/license). + + +Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic works + +1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to +and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property +(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all +the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy +all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession. +If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the +terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or +entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. + +1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be +used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who +agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few +things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works +even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See +paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement +and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. See paragraph 1.E below. + +1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation" +or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the +collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an +individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are +located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from +copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative +works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg +are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project +Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by +freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of +this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with +the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by +keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project +Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others. + +1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern +what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in +a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check +the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement +before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or +creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project +Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning +the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United +States. + +1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: + +1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate +access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently +whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the +phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project +Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, +copied or distributed: + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + +1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived +from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is +posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied +and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees +or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work +with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the +work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 +through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the +Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or +1.E.9. + +1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted +with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution +must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional +terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked +to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the +permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. + +1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this +work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. + +1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this +electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without +prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with +active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project +Gutenberg-tm License. + +1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, +compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any +word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or +distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than +"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version +posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org), +you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a +copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon +request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other +form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. + +1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, +performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works +unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. + +1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing +access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided +that + +- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from + the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method + you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is + owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he + has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the + Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments + must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you + prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax + returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and + sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the + address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to + the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation." + +- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies + you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he + does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm + License. You must require such a user to return or + destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium + and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of + Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any + money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the + electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days + of receipt of the work. + +- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free + distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set +forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from +both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael +Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the +Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. + +1.F. + +1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable +effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread +public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm +collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain +"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or +corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual +property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a +computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by +your equipment. + +1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right +of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project +Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all +liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal +fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT +LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE +PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH F3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE +TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE +LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR +INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH +DAMAGE. + +1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a +defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can +receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a +written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you +received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with +your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with +the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a +refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity +providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to +receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy +is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further +opportunities to fix the problem. + +1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth +in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS' WITH NO OTHER +WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO +WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. + +1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied +warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. +If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the +law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be +interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by +the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any +provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. + +1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the +trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone +providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance +with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, +promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, +harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, +that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do +or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm +work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any +Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause. + + +Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm + +Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of +electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers +including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists +because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from +people in all walks of life. + +Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the +assistance they need, is critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's +goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will +remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure +and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations. +To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation +and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 +and the Foundation web page at https://www.pglaf.org. + + +Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive +Foundation + +The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit +501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the +state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal +Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification +number is 64-6221541. Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at +https://pglaf.org/fundraising. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent +permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. + +The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S. +Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered +throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at +809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email +business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact +information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official +page at https://pglaf.org + +For additional contact information: + Dr. Gregory B. Newby + Chief Executive and Director + gbnewby@pglaf.org + + +Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation + +Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide +spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of +increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be +freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest +array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations +($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt +status with the IRS. + +The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating +charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United +States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a +considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up +with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations +where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To +SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any +particular state visit https://pglaf.org + +While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we +have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition +against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who +approach us with offers to donate. + +International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make +any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from +outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. + +Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation +methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other +ways including including checks, online payments and credit card +donations. To donate, please visit: https://pglaf.org/donate + + +Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. + +Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm +concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared +with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project +Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. + + +Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed +editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S. +unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily +keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. + + +Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: + + https://www.gutenberg.org + +This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, +including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary +Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to +subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. + + +</pre> + +</body> +</html> diff --git a/old/13551.txt b/old/13551.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..26f8f71 --- /dev/null +++ b/old/13551.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2441 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes & Queries, No. 50. Saturday, October +12, 1850, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes & Queries, No. 50. Saturday, October 12, 1850 + A Medium Of Inter-Communication For Literary Men, Artists, + Antiquaries, Genealogists, Etc. + + +Author: Various + +Release Date: September 28, 2004 [EBook #13551] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES & QUERIES, NO. 50. *** + + + + +Produced by Jon Ingram, David King, the PG Online Distributed +Proofreading Team, and The Internet Library of Early Journals + + + + + +NOTES AND QUERIES: + +A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, +GENEALOGISTS, ETC. + + * * * * * + +"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE. + + * * * * * + +No. 50.] SATURDAY, OCTOBER 12, 1850 [Price Threepence. Stamped Edition 4d. + + * * * * * {305} + + +CONTENTS + +NOTES:--Page + + A Note on "Small Words". 305 + Gray's Elegy, by Bolton Corney. 306 + Gray's Elegy in Portuguese. 306 + Further Notes on the Authorship of Henry VIII. 306 + Queen Elizabeth and Sir Henry Nevill, by Lord + Braybrooke. 307 + Minor Notes:--Whales--Bookbinding--Scott's + Waverley--Satyayrata. 307 + +QUERIES:-- + The Black Rood of Scotland. 308 + Minor Queries:--Trogus Pompeius--Mortuary + Stanzas--Laird of Grant--Bastille, Records of,--Orkney + under Norwegians--Swift's Works--Pride of the + Morning--Bishop Durdent and the Staffordshire Historians--Pope and + Bishop Burgess--Daniel's Irish New Testament--Ale Draper--Eugene + Aram--Latin Epigram--Couplet in Defoe--Books + wanted to refer to--Watermarks in + Writing-paper--Puzzling Epitaph--Cornish MSS.--Bilderdijk + the Poet--Egyptian MSS.--Scandinavian + Priesthood--Thomas Volusemus. 309 + +REPLIES:-- + Curfew. 311 + Engelmann's Bibliotheca Scriptorum Classicorum. 312 + Crozier and Pastoral Staff, by Rev. M. Walcott. 313 + Parsons, the Staffordshire Giant, by E.F. Rimbault, + L.L.D. 314 + Wormwood Wine, by S.W. Singer, &c. 315 + Replies to Minor Queries:--Feltham's Works--Harefinder--Fool + or a Physician--Papers of Perjury--Pilgrim's + Road--Capture of Henry VI.--Andrew + Beckett--Passage in Vida--Quem Deus--Countess + of Desmond--Confession--Cayell, Meaning of,--Lord + Kingsborough's Mexico--Aerostation--Concolinel--Andrewes's + Tortura Torti, &c. 315 + +MISCELLANEOUS:-- + Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &c. 319 + Books and Odd Volumes Wanted. 319 + Notices to Correspondents. 319 + Advertisements. 320 + + * * * * * + + +NOTES. + +A NOTE ON "SMALL WORDS." + + "And ten small words creep on in one dull line." + +Most ingenious! most felicitous! but let no man despise little words, +despite of the little man of Twickenham. He himself knew better, but +there was no resisting the temptation of such a line as that. Small +words he says, in plain prosaic criticism, are generally "stiff and +languishing, but they may be beautiful to express melancholy." + +The English language is a language of small words. It is, says Swift, +"overstocked with monosyllables." It cuts down all its words to the +shortest possible dimensions: a sort of half-Procrustes, which lops but +never stretches. In one of the most magnificent passages in Holy Writ, +that, namely, which describes the death of Sisera:-- + + "At her feet he bowed, he fell: at her feet he bowed, he fell, + he lay down: where he bowed, there he fell down dead." + +There are twenty-two monosyllables to three of greater length, or rather +to the same dissyllable thrice repeated; and that too in common parlance +proncounced as a monosyllable. The passage in the Book of Ezekiel, which +Coleride is said to have considered the most sublime in the whole +Bible,-- + + "And He said unto me, son of man, can these bones live? And I + answered, O Lord God, though knowest,"-- + +contains seventeen monosyllables to three others. And in the most grand +passage which commences the Gospel of St. John, from the first to the +fourteenth verses, inclusive, there are polysyllables twenty-eight, +monosyllables two hundred and one. This it may be said is poetry, but +not verse, and therefore makes but little against the critic. Well then, +out of his own mouth shall he be confuted. In the fourth epistle of his +_Essay on Man_, a specimen selected purely at random from his works, and +extending altogether to three hundred and ninety-eight lines, there are +no less than twenty-seven (that is, a trifle more than one out of every +fifteen,) made up _entirely_ of monosyllables: and over and above these, +there are one hundred and fifteen which have in them only one word of +greater length; and yet there are few dull creepers among the lines of +Pope. + +The early writers, the "pure wells of English undefiled," are full of +"small words." + +Hall, in one of the most exquisite of his satires, speaking of the +vanity of "adding house to house, and field to field," has these most +beautiful lines,-- + + "Fond fool! six feet shall serve for all thy store, + And he that cares for most shall find no more!" + +"What harmonious monosyllables!" says Mr. Gifford; and what critic will +refuse to echo his exclamation? The same writer is full of monosyllabic +lines, and he is among the most energetic {306} of satirists. By the +way, it is not a little curious, that in George Webster's _White Devil, +or Vittoria Corombona_, almost the same thought is also clothed in two +monosyllabic lines:-- + + "His wealth is summed, and this is all his store: + This poor men get, and great men get no more." + +Was Young dull? Listen, for it is indeed a "solemn sound:"-- + + "The bell strikes one. We take no note of time + Save by its loss, to give it then a tongue + Was wise in man." + +Was Milton tame? Hear the "lost archangel" calling upon Hell to receive +its new possessor:-- + + "One who brings + A mind not to be chang'd by place or time. + The mind is its own place, and in _itself_ + Can make a heav'n of hell,--a hell of heav'n. + What _matter_ where, if I be still the same, + And what I should be; all but less than he + Whom _thunder_ hath made _greater_? Here at least + We shall be free; the _Almighty_ hath not built + Here for his _envy_; will not drive us hence: + Here we may reign _secure_; and in my choice + To reign is worth _ambition_, though in hell: + _Better_ to reign in hell, than serve in heav'n!" + +A great conjunction of little words! Are monosyllables passionless? +Listen to the widowed Constance:-- + + "Thou mayst, thou shalt! I will not go with thee! + I will _instruct_ my _sorrows_ to be proud; + For grief is proud, and makes his _owner_ stout; + To me, and to the state of my great grief, + Let kings _assemble_; for my grief's so great, + That no _supporter_ but the huge firm earth + Can hold it up: here I and _sorrow_ sit; + Here is my throne: bid kings come bow to it." + +Six polysyllables only in eight lines! + +The ingenuity of Pope's line is great, but the criticism false. We +applaud it only because we have never taken the trouble to think about +the matter, and take it for granted that all monosyllabic lines must +"creep" like that which he puts forward as a specimen. The very +frequency of monosyllables in the compositions of our language is one +grand cause of that frequency passing uncommented upon by the general +reader. The investigation prompted by the criticism will serve only to +show its unsoundness. + +K.I.P.B.T. + + * * * * * + +ON GRAY'S ELEGY. + +If required to name the most popular English poem of the last century, I +should perhaps fix on the _Elegy_ of Gray. According to Mason, it "ran +through eleven editions in a very short space of time." If he means +_separate_ editions, I can point out six other impressions in the +life-time of the poet, besides those in miscellaneous collections viz. +In _Six Poems by Mr. T. Gray_, London, 1753. Folio--1765. Folio--and in +_Poems by Mr. Gray_, London, 1768. small 8o.--Glasgow 1768. 4o.--London. +A new edition, 1768. small 8o. A new edition, 1770. small 8o. So much +has been said of translations and imitations, that I shall confine +myself to the text. + +Of the _first_ separate edition I am so fortunate as to possess a copy. +It is thus entitled:-- + + "_An elegy wrote in a country church-yard_. LONDON: printed for + R. Dodsley in Pal-mall; and sold by M. Cooper in + Pater-noster-row, 1751. Price six-pense. 4o six leaves. + + "Advertisement. + + "The following POEM came into my hands by accident, if the + general approbation with which this little piece has been + spread, may be call'd by so slight a term as accident. It is + this approbation which makes it unnecessary for me to make any + apology but to the author: as he cannot but feel some + satisfaction in having pleas'd so many readers already, I + flatter myself he will forgive my communicating that pleasure to + many more. + + "The EDITOR." + +The history of this publication is given by Gray himself, in a letter to +Walpole, dated in 1751, and needs no repetition; but I must observe, as +a remarkable circumstance, that the poem was reprinted _anonymously_, in +its separate form, as late as 1763. + +I have collated the editions of 1751 and 1770, and find variations in +stanzas 1, 3, 5, 9, 10, 12, 23, 24, and 27. All the amendments, however, +were adopted as early as 1753, except the correction of a grammatical +peccadillo in the ninth stanza. + +I make this communication in the shape of a note, as it may interest men +of the world not less than certain _hermits_. + +BOLTON CORNEY. + + * * * * * + +GRAY'S ELEGY IN PORTUGUESE. + +In several numbers of the "NOTES AND QUERIES" mention is made of various +translations into foreign languages of GRAY'S _Elegy in a Country +Church-yard_. P.C.S.S. begs leave to add to the list a very elegant +translation into Portuguese, by the Chevalier Antonio de Aracejo +(afterwards Minister of Foreign Affairs at Lisbon and at Rio de +Janeiro), to whose friendship he was indebted many years ago for a copy +of it. It was privately printed at Lisbon towards the close of the last +century, and was subsequently reprinted at Paris in 1802, in a work +called _Traductions interlineaires, en six Langues_, by A.M.H. Boulard. + +P.C.S.S. + + * * * * * + +FURTHER NOTES ON THE AUTHORSHIP OF SHAKSPEARE'S HENRY VIII. + +The Gentleman's Magazine for the present month contains a letter from +Mr. Spedding, the author of the essay which appeared in the August {307} +number of that magazine on the authorship of _Henry VIII._ After +expressing himself "gratified but not surprised" by the coincidence +between his views and those of Mr. Hickson in "NOTES AND QUERIES" (Vol. +ii., p. 198.), Mr. Spedding proceeds: + + "The resemblance of the style, in some parts of the play, to + Fletcher's, was pointed out to me several years ago by Alfred + Tennyson (for I do not know why I should not mention his name); + and long before that, the general distinctions between + Shakspeare's manner and Fletcher's had been admirably explained + by Charles Lamb in his note on the _Two Noble Kinsmen_, and by + Mr. Spalding in his Essay. And in respect to this I had myself + derived additional light, more, perhaps, than I am aware of, + from Mr. Hickson himself, if he be (as I suppose he is) the S.H. + of the _Westminster Review_. But having been thus put upon the + scent and furnished with principles, I followed the inquiry out + by myself, without help or communication. That two independent + inquirers should thus have arrived at the same conclusions upon + so many particulars, must certainly be considered very singular, + except upon one supposition; viz., that the conclusions are + according to reason. Upon that supposition, nothing is more + natural; and I must confess, for my own part, that I should have + been more surprised if the coincidence had been less exact." + +We will borrow one more paragraph from Mr. Spedding's communication +(which is distinguished throughout by the liberality of tone of a true +scholar), and we doubt not that the wish expressed at its conclusion is +one in which our readers join as heartily as ourselves:-- + + "I hope, however, that Mr. Hickson may be induced to pursue his + own investigation further, and to develop more fully the + suggestion which he throws out as to a difference of style + discernible in the scenes which he attributes to Shakspeare. If + I understand him rightly, he sees traces in this play of the + earlier as well as the later hand of both poets. I cannot say + that I perceive any indications of this myself, nor, if it be + so, can I well make out how it should have come to pass. But I + should be glad to hear more about it." + +It will be seen by the following extract from Mr. Emerson's +_Representative Men_, for which we are indebted to our correspondent +A.R., that the subject had attracted the attention of that distinguished +writer.-- + + "In _Henry VIII._, I think I see plainly the cropping out of the + original rock on which his (Shakspeare's) own finer stratum was + laid. The first play was written by a superior, thoughtful man, + with a vicious ear. I can mark his lines, and know well their + cadence. See Wolsey's Soliloquy, and the following scene with + Cromwell, where, instead of the metre of Shakspeare, whose + secret is, that the thought constructs the tune, so that reading + for the sense will best bring out the rhythm; here the lines are + constructed on a given tune, and the verse has even a trace of + pulpit eloquence. But the play contains, through all its length, + unmistakeable traits of Shakspeare's hand; and some passages, as + the account of the coronation, are like autographs. What is odd, + the compliment to Queen Elizabeth is in the bad rhythm." + + * * * * * + +QUEEN ELIZABETH AND SIR HENRY NEVILL. + +Many years ago I copied the following note from a volume of Berkshire +pedigrees in the British Museum, my reference to which is unluckily +lost. + + "Queen Elizabeth, in her first progress at Maidenhithe Bridge, + being mett by all the Nobility, Kn'ts, and Esquires of Berks, + they kneeling on both sides of her way, shee alighted at the + bridge foot, and walked on foote through the midst, and coming + just agaynst Sir Henry Nevill of Billingbear, made a stay, and + leyd her glove on his head, saying, 'I am glad to see thee, + _Brother Henry_.' Hee, not pleased with the expression, swore + she would make the court believe hee was a bastard, at which + shee laughed, and passed on." + +The masquing scene in _Henry VIII._, as described by Holinshed, perhaps +furnishes a clue to the Queen's pleasantry, though Shakspeare has +omitted the particular incident relating to Sir Henry Nevill. The old +chronicler, after giving an account of Wolsey's banquet, and the +entrance of a noble troop of strangers in masks, amongst whom he +suspected that the king made one, proceeds as follows:-- + + "Then the Lord Chamberlain said to the Cardinal, Sir, they + confesse that among them there is such a noble personage whom, + if your Grace can appointe out 'from the rest, he is content to + disclose himself and to accept your place.' Whereupon the + Cardinal, taking good advisement among them, at the last quoth + he, 'Me seemeth the gentleman in the black beard should be even + he.' And with that he arose out of his chaire and offered the + same to the gentleman in the black beard, with his cap in his + hand. The person to whom he offered the chaire was Sir Edward + Nevill, a comelie knight, that much more resembled the king's + person in that mask than anie other. The King perceiving the + Cardinal so deceived, could not forbear laughing, and pulled + down his visor and Maister Nevill's too." + +Sir Edward Nevill of Aldington, in Kent, was the second surviving son of +George Nevill, Lord Abergavenny, and the father of Sir Henry Nevill +above mentioned, who laid the foundation-stone and built the body and +one wing of Billingbear House, which still belongs to his descendant. +Sir Edward Nevill was beheaded for high treason in 1538, his likeness to +Henry VIII. not saving him from the fate which befell so many of that +king's unhappy favourites. + +BRATHBROOKE. + +Audley End. + + * * * * * + +MINOR NOTES. + +_Whales._--Tychsen thinks the stories of whales mistaken for islands +originated in the perplexities of inexperienced sailors when first +venturing from {308} the Mediterranean into a sea exposed to the tides. +I think Dr. Whewell mentions that in particular situations the turn of +the current occurs at a sufficient interval from the time of high or low +water to perplex even the most experienced sailors. + +F.Q. + + +_Bookbinding._--While the mischief of _mildew_ on the _inside_ of books +has engaged some correspondents to seek for a remedy (Vol. ii., 103. +173.), a word may be put in on behalf of the _outside_, the binding. The +present material used in binding is so soft, flabby, and unsound, that +it will not endure a week's service. I have seen a bound volume lately, +with a name of repute attached to it; and certainly the _workmanship_ is +creditable enough, but the _leather_ is just as miserable as any from +the commonest workshop. The volume cannot have been bound many months, +and yet even now, though in good hands, it is beginning to rub _smooth_, +and to look, what best expresses it emphatically, _shabby_, contrasting +most grievously with the leather of another volume, just then in use, +bound some fifty or seventy years ago, and as sound and firm as a drum's +head--_common_ binding too, be it observed--as the modern _cover_ is +flabby and washy. Pray, sir, raise a voice against this wretched +_material_, for that is the thing in fault, not the workmanship; and if +more must be paid for undoctored outsides, let it be so. + +NOVUS. + + +_Scott's Waverley._--Some years ago, a gentleman of my acquaintance, now +residing in foreign parts, told me the following story:-- + + "Once upon a time," the great unknown being engaged in a + shooting-match near his dwelling, it came to pass that all the + gun-wadding was spent, so that he was obliged to fetch _paper_ + instead. After Sir Walter had come back, his fellow-shooter + chanced to look at the succedaneum, and was not a little + astonished to see it formed part of a tale written by his + entertainer's hand. By his friend's urgent inquiries, the Scotch + romancer was compelled to acknowledge himself the author, and to + save the well nigh destroyed manuscript of _Waverley_. + +I do not know whether Sir Walter Scott was induced by _this_ incident to +publish the first of his tales or not; perhaps it occurred after several +of his novels had been printed. Now, if any body acquainted with the +anecdote I relate should perchance hit upon my endeavour to give it an +English garb, he would do me a pleasure by noting down the particulars I +might have omitted or mis-stated. I never saw the fact recorded. + +JANUS DOUSA. + + +_Satyavrata._--Mr. Kemble, _Salomon and Saturn_, p. 129., does not seem +to be aware that the Satyavrata in question was one of the forgeries +imposed on, and afterwards detected, by Wilford. + +F.Q. + + * * * * * + + +QUERIES. + +BLACK ROOD OF SCOTLAND. + +Can any of your correspondents give me any information on the following +points connected with "the Black Rood of Scotland?" + +1. What was the history of this cross before it was taken into Scotland +by St. Margaret, on the occasion of her marriage with Malcolm, king of +Scotland? Did she get it in England or in Germany? + +2. What was its size and make? One account describes it as made of gold, +and another (_Rites of Durham_, p. 16.) as of silver. + +3. Was the "Black Rood of Scotland" the same as the "Holy Cross of +Holyrood House?" One account seems to make them the same: for in the +_Rites of Durham_, p. 16., we read,-- + + "At the east end of the south aisle of the choir, was a most + fair rood, or picture of our Saviour, _in silver_, called the + _Black Rood of Scotland_, brought out of Holyrood House by King + David Bruce, and was won at the battle of Durham, with the + picture of our Lady on the one side, and St. John on the other + side, very richly wrought in silver, all three having crowns of + gold," &c. &c. + +Another account, in p. 21 of the same work, seems to make them +different; for, speaking of the battle of Neville's Cross (18th October, +1346), it says-- + + "In which said battle a _holy Cross_, which was taken out of + Holyrood House, in Scotland, by King David Bruce, was won and + taken," &c., p. 21. + +And adds,-- + + "In which battle were slain seven earls of Scotland.... and also + lost _the said cross_, and many other most worthy and excellent + jewels ... together with the Black Rood of Scotland (so termed) + with Mary and John, made of silver, being, as it were, smoked + all over," &c., p. 22. + +4. If they were the same, how is the legend concerning its discovery by +the king, upon Holyrood day, when hunting in a forest near Edinburgh, to +be reconciled with the fact of its being taken by St. Margaret into +Scotland? If they were not the same, what was the previous history of +each, and which was the cross of St. Margaret? + +5. How is the account of Simeon of Durham, that the Black Rood was +bequeathed to Durham Priory by St. Margaret, to be reconciled with the +history of its being taken from the Scotch at the battle of Neville's +Cross? + +6. May there not be a connexion between the legend of the discovery of +the "Holy Cross" between the horns of a wild hart (_Rites of Durham_, p. +21.), and the practice that existed of an offering of a stag annually +made, on St. Cuthbert's day, in September, by the Nevilles of Raby, to +the Priory of Durham? May it not have been an acknowledgement {309} that +the cross won at the battle of Neville's Cross was believed to have been +taken by King David from the hart in the forest of Edinburgh? In the +"Lament for Robert Neville," called by Surtees "the very oldest rhyme of +the North" we read-- + + "Wel, qwa sal thir hornes blaw + Haly rod thi day? + Nou is he dede and lies law + Was wont to blaw thaim ay." + +7. Is it known what became of the "Holy Cross" or "Black Rood" at the +dissolution of Durham Priory? + +P.A.F. + +Newcastle-on-Tyne. + + * * * * * + +MINOR QUERIES. + +_Trogus Pompeius._--In Hannay and Dietrichsen's _Almanuck for the Year_ +1849, I find the following statement under the head of "Remarkable +Occurrences of the Year 1847:"-- + + "July 21. A portion of the history of Trogus Pompeius (the + author abridged by Justin) is discovered in the library of + Ossolinski at Berlin." + +Not having noticed any contemporary account of this occurrence, I should +be glad of any information respecting the nature and extent of the +discovery. + +E.L.N. + + +_Mortuary Stanzas._--Could any of your readers supply me with +information respecting the practice of appending mortuary stanzas to the +yearly bills of mortality, published in many parishes; whether there are +any extant specimens of such stanzas besides those memorable poems of +Cowper written for the parish clerk of Northampton; and whether, also, +the practice is still kept up in any parts of the country? + +[Greek: Philopatris]. + + +_Laird of Grant._--In the north of England, I have repeatedly heard the +_auld wife_ remark, on observing any unwonted act of extravagance, such +as burning more than the ordinary number of candles, &c. &c.,--"Who is +to be Laird of Grant next year?" As this saying appears to be used only +in the north, I have no other medium at present than to seek a reply +through the aid of your valuable little work. + +SENEX. + + + [A similar "saw" was formerly current in the metropolis,--"What, + three candles burning! we shall be Lord Mayor next year."] + + +_Bastille, MS. Records of._--Are there amongst the MSS. of the British +Museum any documents relating to spies, or political agents, employed by +the French and English governments from 1643 to 1715, who were +incarcerated in the Bastille? + +M.V. + + +_Orkney under the Norwegians._--Torfaeus (_Orcades_), under the +transactions of the year 1430 (p. 182-3.), has an incidental mention of +the Orkneys as among the forbidden islands, "vetitae insulas," of which +the commerce was forbidden to strangers, and confined to the mother +country, as to this day it is with Denmark and her possessions of the +Faroe Islands and Iceland, both mentioned in the paragraph of the +historian among the islands whose commerce was restricted. It would be +very desirable to know of the social state of Orkney under the +government of Norway and its native Jarls of the Norwegian race, and or +its connexion with Norway and Denmark; and some of your correspondents +may take the trouble to point out sources of information on the subject +of this Query. + +W.H.F. + +Kirkwall + + +_Swift's Works._--In Wilde's _Closing Years of Dean Swift's Life_ (2d +edit. p. 78.) is mentioned an autograph letter from Sir Walter Scott to +C.G. Gavelin, Esq., of Dublin, in the MS. library. T.C.D., in which he +states he had nothing whatever to do with the publication or revision of +the second edition of the _Works of Jonathan Swift_. This does not agree +with the statement given in Mr. Lockhart's _Life of Sir Walter Scott_, +2d edit. vol. vii. p. 215. Who was the editor, and in what does the +second edition differ from the first? + +W.H.F. + + +"_Pride of the Morning_."--Why is the small rain which falls in the +morning, at some seasons of the year, called "the pride of the morning?" + +P.H.F. + + +_Bishop Durdent and the Staffordshire Historians._--It is stated by +Sampson Erdeswich, Esq., in his _Survey of Staffordshire_, p. 164, 12mo. +1717, that-- + + "Not far from Tame, Roger Durdent held Fisherwicke of the + bishop, 24 Ed. I. And 4 Ed. II. Nicholas Durdent was lord of it, + which I suppose was procured to some of his ancestors of the + same name by their kinsman Walter Durdent, Bishop of Litchfield, + in Henry II.'s time." + +but no authority is given for this statement. + +In Shaw's _History of Staffordshire_, p. 365., fol., 1798, it is further +recorded that-- + + "Walter Durdent, in the beginning of Henry II., appears to have + granted it (Fisherwicke) to some of his relations, for we find + William Durdent of Fisherwicke temp. Henry II.; and in the 40th + of Hen. III. Roger Durdent occurs, who held Fisherwicke of the + bishop, 24 Ed. I. In the 4 Ed. II. Nicholas Durdent was lord of + it." + +Shaw refers to Erdeswick, and to the _Annals of Burton Abbey_, p. 364. + +In Dr. Harwood's edition of Erdeswick, 8vo., 1844, the same statements +are repeated, but no authority is adduced. Could any of your +correspondents obligingly furnish me with the original {310} sources of +information to which Erdeswick had access, and also with any +biographical notices of Bishop Durdent besides those which are recorded +in Godwin and Shaw? The bishop had the privilege of coining money. (See +Shaw's _Staffordshire_, pp. 233. 265.) Are any of his coins known to +numismatists? + +F.R.R. + + +_Pope and Bishop Burgess._--To what passage in Pope's writings does the +conclusion of the following extract refer?[1] + + "Digammaticae doctrinae idem accidit. In his _Popius_ eam in + ludibrium vertit, &c. Sed eximius Poeta neque in veteribus suae + ipsius linguae, nedum Graecae monumentis versatus, tantum scilicet + de antiqua illa litera vidit, quantum _de Shakespearii_ + SAGITTARIO." + +W.W. + +[Footnote 1: 3d ed. of Dawes's _Mis. Critic_, p. xviii, note x.] + + +_Daniel's Irish New Testament._--F.G.X. will be much obliged for +information on the following points:-- + +1. Which is the most correct edition, as to printing and orthography, of +Daniel's Irish New Testament? + +2. Does the edition now on sale by the Bible Society bear the character +for incorrectness as to these points, which, judged by itself, it +appears to deserve, or is it really, though "bad, the best?" + +3. F.G.X. is far advanced with an Irish Testament Concordance. Can any +one possessed of the requisite information give him hope of the +acceptableness of such a publication? He should expect it to be chiefly +useful to clerical Irish students in acquiring a knowledge of words and +construction; but the lists of Irish Bibles disposed of of late years +would lead to the supposition of its being desirable also as pointing +out the place of passages to the native reader. + +4. Does the Cambridge University Library contain a copy of the first +edition of Daniel's translation? + +_Ale Draper--Eugene Aram._--In Hargrove's well-known history of Eugene +Aram, the hero of Bulwer's still better known novel, one of the guilty +associates of the Knaresborough murderer is designated as an "Ale +Draper." As this epithet never presented itself in my reading, and as I +am not aware that _draper_ properly admits of any other definition than +that given by Johnson, "one who deals in cloth," may I ask whether the +word was ever in "good use" in the above sense? + +My main purpose in writing, is to propound the foregoing Query; but +while I have the pen in hand permit me to ask,-- + +1. Whether it be possible to read the celebrated "defence," so called, +which was delivered by Aram on his trial at York, without concurring +with the jury in their verdict, and with the judge in his sentence? In +short, without a strong feeling that the prisoner would not have been +hanged, but for that over-ingenious, and obviously evasive, address, in +which the plain averment of "not guilty" does not occur. + +2. Has not the literary character, especially the philological +attainments, of this noted malefactor been vastly over-rated? And + +3. Ought not the "memoirs" of "this great man" by Mr. Scatcherd to be +ranked among the most remarkable attempts ever made, and surely made + + "--in vain, + To wash the murderer from blood-guilty stain?" + +D. + +Rotherfield + + +_Latin Epigram._--Can any of your correspondents inform me who was the +author of the following epigram:-- + + IN MEMORIAM G.B.M.D. + + "Te tandem tuus Oreus habet, quo civibus Orei + Gratius haud unquam misit Apollo caput; + Quippe tuo jussu terras liquere, putantque + Tartara se jussu linquere posse tuo." + +The person alluded to was Sir W. Browne, M.D., the founder of the Browne +medals in the University of Cambridge. Some old fellow of King's College +may be able to inform me. + +The medals were first given about the year 1780, and in the first year, +I presume, out of respect to the memory of the donor, no subject was +given for Epigrams. It has occurred to me, that perhaps some wag on that +occasion sent the lines as a quiz. + +W.S. + +Richmond, Surrey + + +_Couplet in De Foe_-- + + "Restraint from ill is freedom to the wise, + And good men wicked liberties despise." + +This couplet is at the end of the second letter in De Foe's _Great Law +of Subordination_, p. 42. Is it his own? If not, where did he get it? + +N.B. + + +_Books wanted to refer to_.-- + + "Hollard's Travels (1715), by a French Protestant Minister, + afterwards suppressed by the author." + + "Thomas Bonnell, Mayor of Norwich, Life of." + + "Canterbury, Letters and Memoirs on the Excommunication of two + Heretics, 1698." + + "The Book of Seventy-seven French Protestant Ministers, + presented to Will'm III." + +If any of your readers can refer me to the above works I shall be glad. +They may be in the British Museum, although I have searched there in +vain for them. + +J.S.B. + + +_Water-marks in Writing-paper._--Can any of your correspondents indicate +any guide to the dating of {311} paper by the water-mark. I think I have +read of some work on that subject, but have no precise recollection +about it. I have now before me several undated MSS. written on paper of +which it would be very desirable to fix the exact date. They evidently +belonged to Pope, Swift, and Lady M.W. Montague, as they contain their +autographs. They are all of that size called _Pro Patria_, and two of +them have as water-mark a figure of Britannia with a lion brandishing a +sword within a paling, and the motto _Pro Patria_ over the sword. Of one +of these the opposite page has the initials GR, and the other has IX; +but the paper has been cut off in the middle of the water-mark and only +exhibits half the figure IV. Another sheet has the royal arms (1. +England and Scotland impaled, 2. France, 3. Ireland, 4. the white horse +of Hanover,) within the garter, and surmounted by the crown, and on the +opposite page GR. within a crowned wreath. There is no doubt that they +were all manufactured between 1715 and 1740; but is there any means of +arriving at a more precise date? + +C. + + +_Puzzling Epitaph._--The following curious epitaph was found in a +foreign cathedral:-- + + EPITAPHIUM. + + "O quid tuae + be est biae; + ra ra ra + es et in + ram ram ram + ii." + +The following is plainly the solution of the last four lines:-- + + _ra, ra, ra_, is thrice _ra_, i.e. _ter-ra=terra_. + _ram, ram, ram_, is thrice _ram_, i.e. _ter-ram=terram_. + _ii_ is _i_ twice, _i.e. i-bis=ibis_. + +Thus the last four lines are,-- + + "Terra es et in terram ibis." + +Can any one furnish a solution of the two first lines? + +J. BDN. + + + [We would suggest that the first two lines are to be read "O + _super_ be, quid _super_ est, tuae _super_ biae," and the + epitaph will then be-- + + "O superbe quid superest tuae superbiae + Terra es, et in terram ibis."--ED.] + + +_MSS. of Cornish Language._--Are there any ancient MSS. of the Cornish +language, or are there any works remaining in that language, besides the +_Calvary_ and _Christmas Carol_ published by the late Davies Gilbert? + +J.A. GILES. + + +_Bilderdijk the Poet._--Banished from his native country, disowned by +his own countrymen, the Dutch poet Willem Bilderdijk pitched his tent +for a while on the hospitable soil of Old England. Prince William V. +residing in 1795 at Hampton Court, he resolved to stay there; but, +possessing no income at all, and, like the sage of antiquity, having +saved nothing from the shipwreck but his genius, he shifted his +dwelling-place to London, where he gave lessons in drawing, languages, +and various, even medical, sciences. He was married in England to +Katharine Wilhelmina Schweickhardt, on the 18th of May, 1797. His +residence in the birthplace of "NOTES AND QUERIES" makes me ask, if +there be still persons living, who remember him as teacher, friend, or +poet? A presentation-copy of Mrs. Bilderdijk's translation of _Rodrick, +the Last of the Goths_, was offered to Southey, accompanied by a Latin +letter from her spouse. The poet-laureate visiting Leyden in the summer +of 1825, Bilderdijk would not suffer him to remain lodged in the inn, +where an injury to his leg urged him to favour the landlord with a +protracted stay. Southey was transported accordingly to the Dutch poet's +house; and did not leave it before he was cured, several weeks having +elapsed in the meanwhile. Mention of this fact is made in a poem the +British bard addresses to Cuninghame. I do not know whether it is +alluded to in Southey's _Life_. + +Bilderdijk's foot was crushed accidentally, in the sixth year of his +age, by one of his play-fellows; and thus he, who, by his natural +disposition seemed to be destined to a military career, was obliged to +enlist in the _militia togata_. He fought the good fight in verse. It is +remarkable that Byron and Sir Walter Scott, his cotemporaries, were also +lame or limping. + +JANUS DOUSA. + + +_Egyptian MSS._--What is the age of the oldest MS. found in Egypt? Are +there any earlier than the age of Alexander? + +J.A. GILES. + + +_Scandinavian Priesthood._--Will one of your correspondents do me the +favour to let me know the best authority I can refer to for information +as to the priesthood of the Scandinavians; the mode of their election, +the rank from which they were generally chosen, whether they were +allowed to marry, &c.? + +MAX BRANDESON. + + +_Thomas Volusemus (or Wilson?)._--Is anything known of Thomas Volusemus +(Wilson?) who edited the works of his father-in-law, Patrick Adamson, +titular Archbishop of St. Andrew's, which were published in London A.D. +1619? + +H.A.E. + + * * * * * + + +REPLIES. + +CURFEW. + +We have received the following Replies to NABOC'S inquiry (Vol. ii., p. +103.) as to where the custom of ringing the curfew still remains. + +_Bingley in Yorkshire._--In the town of Bingley, {312} in Yorkshire, the +custom of ringing the curfew existed in the year 1824. It may have been +discontinued since that year, but I do not know that it has. + +It is also the custom at Blackburn, in Lancashire; and it was, if it is +not now, at Bakewell in Derbyshire. + +H.J. + + +_Bromyard, Herefordshire._--The curfew is still rung at Bromyard, +Herefordshire, at nine P.M., from the 5th of November, until Christmas +Day; and the bell is afterwards tolled the number of the day of the +month. Why it is merely confined to within the above days, I could never +ascertain. + +G.F.C. + + +_Waltham-on-the-Wolds._--The curfew is still rung at +Waltham-on-the-Wolds, Leicestershire, at five A.M., eight P.M. in +summer, and at six A.M., seven P.M. in winter; the bell also tolling the +day of the month. + +R.J.S. + + +_Oxfordshire._--I see that NABOC's inquiry about the curfew is answered +at p. 175. by a reference to the _Journal of the British Archaeological +Association_. The list there is probably complete: but lest it should +omit any, I may as well mention, from my own knowledge, Woodstock, Oxon, +where it rings from eight to half-past eight in the evening, from +October to March; Bampton and Witney, Oxon, and Stow, in Gloucester; at +some of which places it is also rung at four in the morning. + +C. + + +_Chertsey, Surrey._--In the town of Chertsey in Surrey, the curfew is +regularly tolled for a certain time at eight every evening, but only +through the winter months. There is also a curious, if not an uncommon, +custom kept up with regard to it. After the conclusion of the curfew, +and a pause of half a minute, the day of the month is tolled out: one +stroke for the 1st, two for the 2nd, and so on. + +H.C. DE ST. CROIX. + + +_Penrith._--The curfew bell continues to be rung at Penrith, in +Cumberland, at eight o'clock in the evening, and is the signal for +closing shops, &c. + +_Newcastle-upon-Tyne._--The curfew is still rung by all the churches of +Newcastle-upon-Tyne at eight in the evening; and its original use may be +said to be preserved to a considerable extent, for the greater bulk of +the shops make it a signal for closing. + +G. BOUCHIER RICHARDSON. + + +_Morpeth._--The curfew bell is still rung at eight P.M. at Morpeth in +Northumberland. + +E.H.A. + + +_Exeter._--The curfew is rung in Exeter Cathedral at eight P.M. + +The present practice is to toll the bell thirty strokes, and after a +short interval to toll eight more; the latter, I presume, denoting the +hour. + +G.T. + + +_Winchester._--Curfew is still rung at Winchester. + +AN OLD COMMONER PREFECT. + + +_Over, near Winsford, Cheshire._--The custom of ringing the curfew is +still kept up at Over, near Winsford, Cheshire; and the parish church, +St. Chads, is nightly visited for that purpose at eight o'clock. This +bell is the signal amongst the farmers in the neighbourhood for "looking +up" their cattle in the winter evenings; and was, before the +establishment of a public clock in the tower of the Weaver Church at +Winsford, considered the standard time by which to regulate their +movements. + +A READER. + + + [We are indebted to the courtesy of the Editor of the _Liverpool + Albion_ for this Reply, which was originally communicated to + that paper.] + + +_The Curfew_, of which some inquiries have appeared in the "NOTES AND +QUERIES," is generally rung in the north of England. But then it is also +common in the south of Scotland. I have heard it in Kelso, and other +towns in Roxburghshire. The latter circumstance would appear to prove +that it cannot have originated with the Norman conqueror, to whom it is +attributed. + +W. + + * * * * * + +ENGELMANNS BIBLIOTHECA SCRIPTORUM CLASSICORUM. +(Vol. ii., p. 296.) + +The shortest reply to MR. DE MORGAN'S complaint against a foreign +bookseller would be, that _Engelmann himself_ printed for any of the +purchasers of a large number of his Catalogues the titles to which MR. +DE MORGAN objects so much. + +Will you allow me to add one or two remarks occasioned by MR. DE +MORGAN'S strictures? + +1. Engelmann is not, strictly speaking, a bookseller, and his catalogues +are not booksellers' catalogues in the sense in which that term is +generally received here. He is a publisher and compiler (and an +admirable one) of general classified catalogues for the use of the trade +and of students, without any reference to his stock, or, in many +instances, to the possibility of easily acquiring copies of the books +enumerated: and although he _might_ execute an order from his +catalogues, getting orders is _not_ the end for which _he_ publishes +them. + +2. Some foreign houses in London, as well as in other countries, bought +a large number of his Catalogues, not as a _book_ but as a _catalogue_, +to be supplied to their customers at the bare cost, or, where it appears +advisable, to be delivered gratis to purchasers of a certain amount. + +3. It appears to me pardonable if, under these circumstances, a notice +is inserted on the title, that orders may be directed to the house which +has purchased a number, and supplies them without any immediate profit; +and I may add that I do {313} not believe any of the houses concerned +would object to a notice being taken of such a proceeding in your paper. + +4. The error in omitting the words "from 1700" on the title-page, is one +to which MR. DE MORGAN'S notice first directed my attention, classics +printed before that date not being commonly in demand among foreign +booksellers. + +5. The practice of compiling catalogues for general use, with the names +of the purchasers of any number of copies of the catalogue inserted on +the title or wrapper, is very common in Germany. + +Hinrichs of Leipsic issues-- + +1. A Six-monthly Alphabetical Catalogue, with a systematic index; + +2. A Quarterly Catalogue, systematically arranged, with an alphabetical +index; + +Vandenhoeck of Gottigen issues _half-yearly_-- + +1. A Bibliotheca Medico-Chirurgica et Pharmaceuto-Chemica; + +2. A Bibliotheca Theologica, for Protestant theology; + +3. A Bibliotheca Classica et Philologica; + +4. A Bibliotheca Juridica; + +and Engelmann, from time to time, numerous general catalogues;-- + +all of which are not only supplied to London houses, with English +titles, but may be had all over Germany, with the firms of different +booksellers inserted as publishers of the catalogue. + +Will you make use of the above in any way in which you may think it of +advantage to your readers? + +ANOTHER FOREIGN BOOKSELLER. + + * * * * * + +CROZIER AND PASTORAL STAFF. + +(Vol. ii., p. 248.) + +A correspondent inquires what was the difference between a crozier and a +pastoral staff. The crozier (_Crocia_, Mediaeval Latin), Fr. _Crosse_, +Ital. _Rocco Pastorale_, German. _Bischofstab_, is the ornamental staff +used by archbishops and legates, and derives its name from the cross +which surmounts it. A crozier behind a pall is borne on the primatial +arms of Canterbury. The use of the crozier can only be traced back to +the 12th century. _Cavendish_ mentions "two great crosses of silver, +whereof one of them was for his archbishoprick and the other for his +legatry, always before" Cardinal Wolsey. The fact did not escape Master +_Roy_, who sings thus:-- + + "Before him rydeth two Prestes stronge, + And they beare two Crosses right longe, + Gapinge in every man's face." + +_Hall_ says that he removed from Whitehall "with one cross." In the +Eastern Church patriarchs only have a crozier; a patriarch has two +transverse bars upon his crozier, the Pope carries three. + +The pastoral staff was the ensign of bishops. Honorius describes it as +in the form of a shepherd's crook, made of wood or bone, united by a +ball of gold or crystal, the lower part of the staff being pointed. + + "In Evangelio Dominus Apostolis praecepit, ut in praedcatione + nihil praeter virgam tollerent. Et quia Episcopi pastores gregis + Dominici sunt, ideo baculum in custodia praeferunt: per baculum, + quo infirmi sustentatur, auctoritas doctrinae designatur; per + virgam, qua improbi emendantur, potestas regiminis figuratur. + Baculum ergo Pontifices portant, ut infirmos in Fide per + doctrinam erigant. Virgam bajulant, ut per potestatem inquietos + corrigant: quae virga vel baculus est recurvus, ut aberrantes a + grege docendo ad poenitetiam trabat; in extremo est acutus, ut + rebelles excommunicando retrudat; haereticos, velut lupos, ab + ovili Christi potestative exterreat."--_In Gemma Animae_, lib. i. + cap. 218, 219., _apud Hitterpium_. + +In its primitive form it appears to have been a staff shaped like a T, +and used to lean upon. It was gradually lengthened, and in some cases +was finished at the top like a mace. The pastoral staff is mentioned in +the _Life of S. Caesarius of Arles_. Gough says that the pastoral staff +found in the coffin of Grostete, Bp. of Lincoln, who died in 1254, was +made of red wood ending in a rudely shaped ram's horn. It was inscribed: + + "Per baculi formam + Praelati discite normam." + +In the first prayer-book of the Reformed English Church, 2 Edward VI., +at the time of the holy communion the bishop is directed to have "_his +pastoral staff in his hand, or else borne by his chaplain_." It was used +in solemn benedictions; and so lately as at the coronation of Queen +Elizabeth. The second book of King Edward VI., published A.D. 1552, +being revived in that reign, the use of the staff was discontinued, as +we find by the consecration service of Archbishop Parker. + + "Postq' haec dixissent, ad reliqua Communionis solemnia permit + Cicestren. nullu. Archie'po tradens Pastorale + baculum."--_Bramhall_, vol. iii. p. 205., Part i. Disc. 5. App., + Oxon. 1844. + +A crozier was borne at the funerals of Brian Duppa, of Winton, A.D. +1662; Juxon of London, 1663; Frewen of York, 1664; Wren of Ely, 1667; +Cosin of Dunelm, 1671; Trelawney of Winton, 1721; Lindsay of Armagh, +1724. It is engraven on the monuments of Goodrich of Ely, 1552; Magrath +of Cashel, 1622; Hacket of Lichfield, 1670; Creggleton of Wells, +Lamplugh of York, 1691; Sheldon, 1677; Hoadley of Winton, and Porteus of +London. Their croziers (made of gilt metal) were suspended over the +tombs of Morley, 1684, and Mews, 1706. The bishop's staff had its crook +bent outwards to signify that his jurisdiction extended over his +diocese; that of the abbot inwards, as his authority was limited to his +house. The crozier of Matthew Wren was of silver {314} with the head +gilt. When Bp. Fox's tomb was opened at Winchester some few years since, +his staff of oak was found in perfect preservation. A staff of wood +painted in azure and gilt, hangs over Trelawney's tomb in Pelynt Church, +Cornwall. The superb staff of the pious and munificent founder of the +two St. Marie Winton Colleges is still preserved at Oxford, as is also +that of the illustrious Wykehamist, Bp. Fox, to whose devotion we owe +Corpus Christi College in that university. One of the earliest tombs +bearing a staff incised, is that of Abbot Vitalis, who died in 1082, and +may be seen in the south cloister of St. Peter's Abbey in Westminster. +There were croziered as well as mitred abbots: for instance, the +superior of the Benedictine abbey at Bourges had a right to the crozier, +but not to the mitre. The Abbot of Westminster was croziered and mitred. +I intended to write a reply, but have enabled with a note. + +MACKENZIE WALCOTT, M.A. + +7. College Street, Westminster + + +J.Z.P. will find a fully satisfactory answer to his Query, in regard to +the real difference between the crozier and the pastoral staff, on +referring to the article headed "Crozier," in the _Glossary of +Architecture_. It is there stated, that "the crozier of an archbishop is +surmounted by a cross; but it was only at a comparatively late time, +about the 12th century, that the archbishop laid aside the pastoral +staff, to assume the cross as an appropriate portion of his personal +insignia." From which it may be inferred, that the only existent real +difference between the crozier and the pastoral staff is, that the +former is surmounted by a cross, and the latter is as it was before the +12th century, viz., surmounted by "a head curled round something in the +manner of a shepherd's crook;" and the difference in regard to their +use, that the crozier pertains to the archbishops, and the pastoral +staff to the bishops. + +R.W. ELLIOT + +Cheltenham, Sept. 16. 1850. + + * * * * * + +PARSONS, THE STAFFORDSHIRE GIANT. + +(Vol. ii., p. 135.) + +Harwood's note in Erdeswick's _Staffordshire_, quoted by your +correspondent C.H.B., is incorrect, inasmuch as the writer has confused +the biographies of two distinct "giants"--WALTER PARSONS, porter to King +James I., and WILLIAM EVANS, who filled the same office in the +succeeding reign. + +The best account of these two "worthies" is that found in Fuller, and +which I extract from the original edition now before me:-- + + WALTER PARSONS, born in this county [Staffordshire], was first + apprenticed to a smith, when he grew so tall in stature, that a + hole was made for him in the ground to stand therein up to the + knees, so to make him adequate with his fellow-workmen. He + afterwards was porter to King _James_; seeing as gates generally + are higher than the rest of the building, so it was sightly that + the porter should be taller than other persons. He was + proportionable in all parts, and had strength equal to height, + valour to his strength, temper to his valour, so that he + disdained to do an injury to any single person. He would make + nothing to take two of the tallest _yeomen_ of the _guard_ (like + the _Gizard_ and _Liver_) under his arms at once, and order them + as he pleased. + + "Yet were his parents (for aught I do understand to the + contrary) but of an ordinary stature, whereat none will wonder + who have read what _St. Augustine_ (_De Civitate Dei_, lib. xv. + cap. 23.) reports of a woman which came to _Rome_ (a little + before the sacking thereof by the _Goths_), of so giant-like a + height, that she was far above all who saw her, though infinite + troopes came to behold the spectacle. And yet he addeth, _Et hoc + erat maximae admirationis, quod ambo parentes ejus, &c_. This + made men most admire, that both her parents were but of ordinary + stature. This _Parsons_ is produced for proof, that all ages + afford some of extraordinary height, and that there is no + general decay of mankind in their _dimensions_, which, if there + were, we had ere this time shrunk to be lower than _Pigmyes_, + not to instance in a lesse proportion. This _Parsons_ died Anno + Dom. 1620."--Fuller's _History of the Worthies of England_, 1662 + (_Staffordshire_), p. 48. + + "WILLIAM EVANS was born in this county [Monmouthshire], and may + justly be accounted the _Giant_ of our age for his stature, + being, full two yards and a half in height. He was porter to + King _Charles I._, succeeding, _Walter Persons_ [sic] in his + place, and exceeding him two inches in height, but far beneath + him in an equal proportion of body; for he was not onely what + the _Latines_ call _compernis_, knocking his knees together, and + going out squalling with his feet, but also haulted a little; + yet made a shift to dance in an antimask at court, where he drew + little Jeffrey, the dwarf, out of his pocket, first to the + wonder, then to the laughter, of the beholders. He dyed _Anno + Dom_. 1630." _Ibid. (Monmouthshire)_, p. 54. + +From these extracts it will be seen that the Christian name of Parsons +was _Walter_, not William, as stated by Harwood. _William_ was the +Christian name of Evans, Parsons' successor. The bas-relief mentioned by +the same writer represents William Evans and Jeffrey Hudson, his +diminutive fellow-servant. It is over the entrance of _Bull-head Court_, +Newgate Street; not "a bagnio-court," which is nonsense. On the stone +these words are cut: "The King's Porter, and the Dwarf," with the date +1660. This bas-relief is engraved in Pennant. + +There is a picture of Queen Elizabeth's giant porter at Hampton Court +but I am not aware that any portrait of Parsons is preserved in the +Royal Collections. + +EDWARD F. RIMBAULT. + + * * * * * {315} + +EISELL AND WORMWOOD WINE. + +(Vol. ii., p. 249.) + +If Pepys' friends actually did _drink up_ the two quarts of _wormwood +wine_ which he gave them, it must, as LORD BRAYBROOKE suggests, have +been rendered more palatable than the _propoma_ which was in use in +Shakspeare's time. I have been furnished by a distinguished friend with +the following, among other Notes, corroborative of my explanation of +_eisell_: + + "I have found no better recipe for making wormwood wine than + that given by old Langham in his _Garden of Health_; and as he + directs its use to be confined to 'Streine out a _little_ + spoonful, and drinke it with a draught of ale or wine,' I think + it must have been so atrociously unpalatable, that to _drink it + up_, as Hamlet challenged Laertes to do, would have been as + strong an argumentum ad stomachum as to digest a crocodile, even + when appetised by a slice of the loaf." + +It is evident, therefore, that but small doses of this nauseously bitter +medicament were taken at once, and to take a large draught, _to drink +up_ a quantity, "would be an extreme pass of amorous demonstration +sufficient, one would think, to have satisfied even Hamlet." Our +ancestors seem to have been partial to medicated wines; and it is most +probable that the wormwood wine Pepys gave his friends had only a slight +infusion of the bitter principle; for we can hardly conceive that such +"pottle draughts" as two quarts could be taken as a treat, of such a +nostrum as the _Absinthites_, or wormwood wine, mentioned by Stuckius, +or that prescribed by the worthy Langham. + +S.W. SINGER. + +Mickleham, Sept. 30. 1850. + + +_Eisell_ (Vol. ii., p. 242.).--The attempt of your very learned +correspondent, MR. SINGER, to show that "eisell" was _wormwood_, is, I +fear, more ingenious than satisfactory. It is quite true that wormwood +wine and beer were ordinary beverages, as wormwood bitters are now; but +Hamlet would have done little in challenging Laertes to a draught of +wormwood. As to "eisell," we have the following account of it in the +"Via Recta ad Vitam longam, or a Plaine Philosophical Discourse of the +Nature, Faculties, and Effects of all such Things as by way of +Nourishments, and Dieteticale Observations make for the Preservation of +Health, &c. &c. By Jo. Venner, Doctor of Physicke at Bathe in the Spring +and Fall, and at other Times in the Burrough of North-Petherton, neere +to the Ancient Haven Towne of Bridgewater in Somersetshire. London, +1620." + + "Eisell, or the vinegar which is made of cyder, is also a good + sauce, it is of a very penetrating nature and is like to + verjuice in operation, but it is not so astringent, nor + altogether so cold," p. 97. + +J.R.N. + + * * * * * + +REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES. + + +_Feltham's Works_ (Vol. ii., p. 133.).--In addition to the works +enumerated by E.N.W., Feltham wrote _A Discourse upon Ecclesiastes_ ii. +11.; _A Discourse upon St. Luke_ xiv. 20.; and _A Form of Prayer +composed for the Family of the Right Honourable the Countess of +Thomond_. These two lists, I believe, comprise the whole of his +writings. The meaning of the passage in his _Remarks on the Low +Countries_, appears to be this, that a person "courtly or gentle" would +receive as little kindness from the inhabitants, and show as great a +contrast to their boorishness, as the handsome and docile merlin (which +is the smallest of the falcon tribe, anciently denominated "noble"), +among a crowd of noisy, cunning, thievish crows; neither remarkable for +their beauty nor their politeness. The words "after Michaelmas" are used +because "the merlin does not breed here, but visits us in October." +_Bewick's British Birds_, vol. i. p. 43. + +T.H. KERSLEY. + +King William's College, Isle of Man. + + +_Harefinder_ (Vol. ii., p. 216.).--The following lines from Drayton's +_Polyolbion_, Song 23., sufficiently illustrates this term:-- + + "The man whose vacant mind prepares him to the sport + The _Finder_ sendeth out, to seeke out nimble _Wat_,-- + Which crosseth in the field, each furlong every flat, + Till he this pretty beast upon the form hath found: + Then viewing for the course which is the fairest ground, + The greyhounds forth are brought, for coursing then in case, + And, choycely in the slip, one leading forth a brace; + The Finder puts her up, and gives her coursers' law," + &c. + +In the margin, at the second line, are the words, _The Harefinder_. What +other instances are there of _Wat_, as a name of the hare? It does not +occur in the very curious list in the _Reliquiae Antiquae_, i. 133. + +K. + + +_Fool or a Physician--Rising and Setting Sun_ (Vol. i., p. 157.).--The +inquiry of your correspondent C. FORBES, respecting the authorship of +the two well-known sayings on these subjects, seems to have received no +reply. He thinks that we owe them both to that "imperial Macchiavel, +Tiberius." He is right with respect to the one, and wrong with regard to +the other. The saying, "that a man after thirty must be either a fool or +a physician," had, as it appears, its origin from Tiberius; but the +observation that "more worship the rising than the setting sun," is to +be attributed to Pompey. + +Tacitus says of Tiberius, that he was "solitus eludere medicorum artes, +atque eos qui post tricesimum aetatis annum ad internoscenda corpori +{316} suo utilia vel noxia alieni consilia indigerent." _Annal_. vi. 46. +Suetonius says: "Valetudine prosperrima usus est,--quamvis a tricesimo +aetatis anno arbitratu eam suo rexerit, sine adjumento consiliove +medicorum." _Tib._ c. 68. And Plutarch, in his precepts _de Valetudine +tuenda_, c. 49., says-- + + [Greek: "Aekousa Tiberion pote Kaisara eipein, hos anaer huper + hexaekonta [sic vulgo, sed bene corrigit Lipsius ad Tac. loc. + cit. triakonta] gegonos etae, kai proteinon iatro cheira, + katagelastos estin."] + +These passages sufficiently indicate the origin of the saying; but who +first gave it the pointed form in which we now have it, by coupling +_fool_ with _physician_, I am not able to tell. + +The authority for giving the other saying to Pompey, is Plutarch, who +says that when Pompey, after his return from Africa, applied to the +senate for the honour of a triumph, he was opposed by Sylla, to whom he +observed, [Greek: "Oti ton aelion anatellonta pleiones ae duomenon +proskunousin,"] that more worship the rising than the setting +sun--intimating that his own power was increasing, and that of Sylla +verging to its fall. (_Vit. Pomp_. c. 22.) + +J.S.W. + +Stockwell, Sept. 7. + + +_Papers of Perjury_ (Vol. ii., p. 182.).--In the absence of a "graphic +account," it may interest your correspondent S.R. to be referred to the +two following instances of "perjurers wearing papers denoting their +crime." In _Machyn's Diary_, edited by the accomplished antiquary, John +Gough Nichols, Esq., and published by the Camden Society, at p. 104. +occurs the following:-- + + "A.D. 1556, April 28th.... The sam day was sett on the pelere in + Chepe iij. [men; two] was for the preuerment of wyllfull + perjure, the iij. was for wyllfull perjure, with _paper sett + over their hedes_." + +In the same works at p. 250., we have also this additional illustration: + + "A.D. 1560--I. The xij. day of Feybruary xj. men of the North was + of a quest; because they gayff a wrong evyde [nee, and] thay + ware paper _a-pon their hedes_ for perjure." + +J. GOODWIN. + +Birmingham. + + +_Pilgrims' Road to Canterbury._--Being acquainted with the road to which +your correspondent S.H. (Vol. ii., p. 237.) alludes, he will, perhaps, +allow me to say, that in the neighbourhood of Kemsing a tradition is +current, that a certain line of road, which may be traced from Otford to +Wrotham, was the pilgrims' road from _Winchester_ to Canterbury. How far +this may be correct I know not. + +I have not been able to discover any road in the neighbourhood of this +city which goes by the name of the _pilgrims'_ road. + +If any of your correspondents would furnish any particulars respecting +this road, I shall feel much obliged. + +R.V. + +Winchester. + + +_Capture of Henry VI._ (Vol. ii., p. 228.).--In his correction of your +correspondent, CLERICUS CRAVENSIS, MR. NICHOLS states:-- + + "Both Sir John Tempest and Sir James Harrington of Brierley, + near Barnesley, were concerned in the king's capture, and each + received 100 marks reward; but the fact of Sir Thomas Talbot + being the chief actor, is shown by his having received the + larger reward of 100l." + +In this statement appears entirely to have been overlooked the grant of +lands made by King Edward IV. to Sir James Harrington-- + + "For his services in taking prisoner, and withholding as such in + diligence and valour, his enemy Henry, lately called King Henry + VI." + +This grant, which was confirmed in Parliament, embraced the castle, +manor, and domain of Thurland; a park, called Fayzet Whayte Park, with +lands, &c. in six townships in the county of Lancaster; lands at Burton +in Lonsdale, co. York; and Holme, in Kendal, co. Westmoreland, the +forfeited lands of Sir Richard Tunstell, and other "rebels." So +considerable a recognition of the services of Sir James Harrington would +seem to demand something more than the second-rate position given to +them by your correspondent. The order to give Sir James Harrington +possession of the lands under his grant will be found in Rymer. The +grant itself is printed in the _Nugae Antiquae_, by Henry Harrington, 1775 +(vol. ii. p. 121.), and will, I believe, be found in Baines' +_Lancashire_. Mr. Henry Harrington observes that the lands were +afterwards lost to his family by the misfortune of Sir James and his +brother being on the wrong side at Bosworth Field; after which they were +both attainted for serving Richard III. and Edward IV., "and commanding +the party which seized Henry VI. and conducted him to the Tower." + +H.K.S.C. + +Brixton. + + +_Andrew Becket_ (Vol. ii., p. 266.), about whom A.W. HAMMOND inquires, +when I knew him, about twelve years ago, was a strange whimsical old +gentleman, full of "odd crotchets," and abounding in theatrical anecdote +and the "gossip of the green-room." But as to his ever having been "a +_profound_ commentator on the dramatic works of Shakspeare," I must beg +leave to express my doubts. At one period he filled the post of +sublibrarian to the Prince Regent; and that he was "ardently devoted to +the pursuits of literature" cannot be a question. + +His published works, as far as I can learn, are as follows:-- {317} + + 1. A Trip to Holland, 1801. + + 2. Socrates, a dramatic poem, 8vo. 1806. + + 3. Lucianus Redivivus, or Dialogues concerning Men, Manners, and + Opinions, 8vo. 1812. + + 4. Shakspeare's Himself, or the Language of the Poet asserted; + being a full but dispassionate Examin of the Readings and + Interpretations of the several Editors, 2 vols. 8vo. 1815. + +EDWARD F. RIMBAULT. + + +_Passage in Vida_ (Vol. i., p. 384.).--Your correspondent A.W. asks for +some light on the lines of Vida, _Christiad_, i. 67.: + + "Quin age, te incolumi potius.... + ... + Perficias quodcumque tibi nunc instat agendum." + +He cannot construe "te incolumi." No wonder. Will not all be set right +by reading, "Quin age, et incolumi," &c.? + +J.S.W. + +Stockwell, Sept. 7. + + +"_Quem Deus vult perdere_" (Vol. i., p. 347., &c.).--To the +illustrations of the saying "_Quem Deus vult perdere prius dementat_," +which have been given, may be added the following from the _Fragments of +Constantinus Manasses_ (edited with _Nicet. Eugen_., by Boissonade. +Paris, 1819), book viii. line 40.:-- + + [Greek: "Ho gar theos aptomenos anthropou dianoias + Haenika to dusdaimoni kirnaesi penthous poma, + Ouden pollakis sugchorei bouleusasthai sumpheron."] + +J.E.B. MAYOR. + +Marlborough College. + + +_Countess of Desmond_ (Vol. ii., pp. 153. 186.).--R. is referred to +Smith's _History of Cork_, and _European Magazine_, vol. viii., for +particulars respecting the Countess of Desmond. They show her picture at +Knowle House, Kent, or Penshurst (I forget which); and tell the story of +the fall from the cherry (or plum) tree, adding that she cut three sets +of teeth! + +WEDSECNARF. + + +_Confession_ (Vol. ii., p. 296.).--The name asked for by U.J.B. of the +Catholic priest, who, sooner than break the seal of confession, suffered +death, is John of Nepomuc, Canon of Prague. By order of the Emperor +Wenceslas, he was thrown off a bridge into the Muldaw, because he would +not tell that profligate prince the confession of his religious empress. +This holy man is honoured as St. John Nepomucen on the 16th of May, in +the kalendar of Saints. + +D. ROCK. + + + [U.J.B., if desirous of further particulars respecting St. John + Nepomuc, may consult Mrs. Jameson's interesting _Legends of the + Monastic Orders_, pp. 214. 217.--ED.] + + +_Cavell, meaning of_ (Vol. i., p. 473.).--I concur entirely with the +etymology of the word _cavell_ given at p. 473. A lake having been +drained in my country, the land is still divided into _Kavelingen_; as +lots of land were formerly measured by strings of cord, _kavel_, +_kabel_, _cable_. Vide Tuinman _Trakkel_, d. n. t. p. 165. _Kavelloten_ +is to receive a cavell by _lot._ cf. _Idem, Verrolg_, p. 97. + +JANUS DOUSA. + + +_Lord Kingsborough's Antiquities of Mexico._--Has Lord Kingsborough's +splendid work on Mexican hieroglyphics ever been completed or not? + +J.A. GILES. + + + [This magnificent work has been recently completed by the + publication of the eighth volume, which may, we believe, be + procured from Mr. Henry Bohn.--ED.] + + +_Aerostation_ (Vol. ii., p. 199.).--The article BALLOON, in the _Penny +Cyclopaedia_, would give C.B.M. a good many references. The early works +there mentioned are those of Faujas de St. Fond, Bourgeois, and Cavallo; +to which I add the following: Thomas Baldwin, _Airopaidia, containing +the Narrative of a Balloon Excursion from Chester, Sept_. 8. 1785. +Chester, 1786, 8vo. (pp. 360.). + +Vincent Lunardi published the account of his voyage (the first made in +England) in a series of letters to a friend. The title is torn out in my +copy. The first page begins, "An Account of the First Aerial Voyage in +England. Letter I. London, July 15. 1784." (8vo. pp. 66 + ii. with a +plate.) It ends with a poetical epistle to Lunardi by "a gentleman well +known in the literary world" (query, the same who is thus cited in our +day?) from which the following extracts are taken as a specimen of the +original balloon jokes:-- + + "The multitude scarcely believed that a man, + With his senses about him could form such a plan, + And thought that as Bedlam was so very nigh, + You had better been there than turned loose in the sky. + + * * * * * + + "In their own way of thinking, all felt and all reasoned, + Greedy aldermen judged that your flight was ill-seasoned, + That you'd better have taken a good dinner first, + Nor have pinched your poor stomach by hunger or thirst. + + "In perfect indifference the beau yawned a blessing, + And feared before night that your hair would want dressing; + But the ladies, all zeal, sent their wishes in air, + For a man of such spirit is ever their care. + + "Attornies were puzzled how now they could sue you, + Underwriters, what premium they'd now take to do you; + While the sallow-faced Jew, of his monies so fond, + Thanked Moses he never had taken your bond." + +Mr. Baldwin ascended in Lunardi's balloon, the latter being present at +the start, though not taking part in the voyage. + +M. + + +_Concolinel_ (Vol. ii., p. 217.).--I have been many years engaged in +researches connected with {318} the _original_ music of Shakspeare's +Plays, but it has not been my good fortune to meet with the air of +_Concolinel_. The communication of your correspondent R. is of the +greatest interest, and I should be for ever grateful if he would allow +me to see the manuscript in question, in order that I might test the +_genuineness_ of the air "stated, in a recent hand, to be the tune of +_Concolinel_ mentioned by Shakspeare." + +This air has double claims on our attention, as its existence, in any +shape, is placed amongst the "doubtful" points by the following note +extracted from the Rev. J. Hunter's _New Illustrations of Shakspeare_, +vol. i. p. 268.:-- + + "Concolinel. In the absence of any thing like sufficient + explanation or justification of this word, if word it is, I will + venture to suggest the possibility that it is a corruption of a + stage direction, _Cantat Ital._, for _Cantat Italice_; meaning + that here Moth sings an Italian song. It is quite evident, from + what Armado says, when the song was ended, 'Sweet air!' that a + song of some sort was sung, and one which Shakespeare was + pleased with, and meant to praise. If Moth's song had been an + English song, it would have been found in its place as the other + songs are." + +I, for one, cannot subscribe to Mr. Hunter's suggestion that our great +poet intended an _Italian_ song to be sung in his play and for this +reason, that Italian music for a _single voice_ was almost unknown in +this country in 1597, at which date we know _Love's Labour's Lost_ was +in existence. Surely _Concolinel_ is just as likely to be the burden of +a song as _Calen o Custure me_, mentioned in _Henry the Fifth_ (Act iv. +sc. 4.), of which there is now no doubt. + +I may just mention, in passing, that I have discovered the air of _Calen +o Custure me_ in a manuscript that once belonged to Queen Elizabeth, and +have ample proof that it was an especial favourite with her maiden +majesty. The commentators were at fault when they pointed out the more +modern tune of the same name in Playford's _Musical Companion_, 1667. + +EDWARD F. RIMBAULT. + +S. Augustus Square, Regent's Park. + + +_Andrewes's Tortura Torti_ (Vol. ii., p. 295.).--On what forms Mr. +Bliss's third quotation, which _does_ appear in some shape in Bernard, +_De Consid. ad Eugen._, iii. 4. 18., the _Bibliotheca Juridica_, &c., of +Ferraris observes, under the head of _Dispensatio_: "Hinc dispensatio +sine justa causa non dispensatio sed dissipatio dicitur communiter a +doctoribus, ut observant et tenent Sperell;" then referring to several +Romish canonists, &c., the last being Reiffenstuel, lib. i., _Decretal_, +tit. 2., n. 450., of which I give the full reference, his volumes being +accessible in the British Museum, if not elsewhere. + +NOVUS. + + +_Swords worn in Public_ (Vol. ii., p. 218.)--A very respected and old +friend of mine, now deceased, used to relate that he had often seen the +celebrated Wilkes, of political notoriety, walking in the public +streets, dressed in what is usually termed court dress, wearing his +sword. Wilkes died in 1797. In connexion with this subject it may be +interesting to your readers to know that in 1701 it was found necessary +to prohibit footmen wearing swords. An order was issued by the Earl +Marshal in that year, declaring that-- + + "Whereas many mischiefs and dangerous accidents, tending not + onely to the highest breach of the peace, but also to the + destruction of the lives of his Ma'ties subjects, have happend + and been occasioned by Footmen wearing of Swords, for the + prevention of the like evill accidents and disturbance for the + future, I doe hereby order that no Foot-man attending any of the + Nobilitye or Gentry of his Ma'ties Realms, during such time as + they or any of them shall reside or bee within the Cities of + London or Westm'r, and the Liberties and Precincts of the same, + shall wear any Sword, Hanger, Bagonet, or other such like + offensive weapon, as they will answer the Contempt hereof." + Dated 30th Dec. 1701. + +F.E. + + +_Speech given to Man to conceal his Thoughts_ (Vol. i., p. 83.).--The +maxim quoted by your correspondent F.R.A. was invented, if I may rely +upon the _notebook_ of memory, by the Florentine Machiavelli. The German +writer Ludwig Boerne says:-- + + "Macchiavelli, der die Freiheit liebte, schrieb seinem Prinzen + so, dass er alle rechtschaffenen Psychologen in Verlegenheit und + in solche Verwirrung gebracht, dass sie gar nicht mehr wussten, + was sie sprachen und sie behaupteten, Macchiavelli habe eine + politische Satyre geschrieben." + +Le style c'est l'homme! + +JANUS DOUSA. + + +_The Character "&,", and Meaning of "Parse"_ (Vol. ii., pp. 230. +284.).--This character, being different from any of the twenty-four +letters, was placed at the end of the alphabet, and children, after +repeating their letters, were taught to indicate this symbol as +_and-per-se-and_. Instead of spelling the word _and_, as composed of +three letters, it was denoted by a special symbol, which was "_and by +itself, and_." Hence the corruption, an _ampussy and_. + +The word _parse_ is also derived from the Latin _per se_. To _parse_ a +sentence is to take the words _per se_, and to explain their grammatical +form and etymology. + +L. + + +_Wife of Edward the Outlaw_ (Vol. ii., p. 279.).--With reference to the +Query of E.H.Y. (Vol. ii., p. 279.), there seems to be much confusion in +all the accounts of Edward's marriage. I think it is evident, from an +attentive consideration of the various authorities, that the Lady Agatha +was {319} either sister to Giselle, wife of _Stephen_, King of Hungary +(to whom the young princes must have been sent, as _he_ reigned from +A.D. 1000 till A.D. 1038), and sister also to the Emperor Henry II., or, +as some writers seem to think, she was the daughter of Bruno, that +emperor's brother. (See a note in Dr. Lingard's _History_, vol. i. p. +349.) + +That she was not the _daughter_ of either Henry II., Henry III., or +Henry IV., is very certain; in the first case, for the reason stated by +your correspondent; and in the second, because Henry III. was only +twelve years old when he succeeded his father Conrad II. (in the year +1039), which of course puts his son Henry IV. quite out of the question, +who was born A.D. 1049. It strikes me (and perhaps some of your +correspondents will correct me if I am wrong) that the two English +princes _may_ have respectively married the two ladies to whom I have +referred, and that hence may have arisen the discrepancies in the +different histories: but that the wife of Edward the Outlaw was _one_ of +these two I have no doubt. + +O.P.Q. + + +_Translations of the Scriptures_ (Vol. ii., p. 229.).--C.F.S. may +perhaps find _The Bible of every Land_, now publishing by Messrs. +Bagster, serviceable in his inquiries respecting Roman Catholic +translations of the Scriptures. The saying of the Duke of Lancaster is +found in the first edition of Foxe's _Acts and Monuments_, and in the +modern reprint, iv. 674.; the original of the treatise from which it is +taken being in C.C. College, Cambridge. (See Nasmith's _Catalogue_, p. +333.) + +NOVUS. + + +_Scalping_ (Vol. ii., p. 220.).--W.B.D. confounds beheading with +scalping. In the American war many British soldiers, it was said, walked +about without their _scalps_, but not without their heads. + +SANDVICENSIS. + + * * * * * + +MISCELLANEOUS. + +NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC. + +No one branch of antiquarian study has been pursued with greater success +during the last few years than that of Gothic Architecture; and, to this +success, no single work has contributed in any proportion equal to that +of the _Glossary of Terms used in Grecian, Roman, Italian, and Gothic +Architecture_. Since the year 1836, in which this work first appeared, +no fewer than four large editions, each an improvement upon its +predecessor, have been called for and exhausted. The fifth edition is +now before us; and, we have no doubt, will meet, as it deserves, the +same extended patronage and success. When we announce that in this fifth +edition the text has been considerably augmented by the enlargement of +many of the old articles, as well as by the addition of many new ones, +among which Professor Willis has embodied a great part of his +_Architectural Nomenclature of the Middle Ages_; that the number of +woodcuts has been increased from eleven hundred to seventeen hundred; +and lastly, that the Index has been rendered far more complete, by +including in it the names of places mentioned, and the foreign synonyms; +we have done more to show its increased value than any mere words of +commendation would express. While the only omission that has been made, +namely, that of the utensils and ornaments of the Mediaeval Church (with +the exception of the few such as altars, credences, piscinas, and +sedilias, which belong to architectural structure and decoration), is a +portion of the work which all must admit to have been foreign to a +Glossary of Architectural Terms, and must therefore agree to have been +wisely and properly left out. The work in its present form is, we +believe, unequalled in the architectural literature of Europe, for the +amount of accurate information which it furnishes, and the beauty of its +illustrations; and as such, therefore, does the highest credit both to +its editor and to its publisher; if, indeed, the editor and publisher be +not identical. + +Mr. L.A. Lewis, of 125. Fleet Street, has commenced a series of weekly +Book Sales, to take place every Friday during the months of October and +November, and has arranged that parties sending large or small parcels +of books for sale during the one week, may have them sold on the Friday +in the week following. + +We have received the following Catalogues:--Bernard Quaritch's (16. +Castle Street, Leicester Square) Catalogue No. 19. for 1850 of Oriental +Literature, Manuscripts, Theology, Classics, &c.; John Miller's (43. +Chandos Street) Catalogue No. 12. for 1850 of History, Antiquities, +Heraldry, &c., and Conchology, Geology, and other popular Sciences. + + * * * * * + +BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES + +WANTED TO PURCHASE. + +An early Edition of the HISTORY OF JACK AND THE GIANTS. + +Odd Volumes + +TURNER'S SACRED HISTORY. Vol. III. First Edition, 8vo. + +Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, to be +sent to Mr. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + +NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS. + +VOLUME THE FIRST OF NOTES AND QUERIES, _with Title-page and very copious +Index, is now ready, price 9s. 6d., bound in cloth, and may be had, by +order, of all Booksellers and Newsmen_. + +_The Monthly Part for September, being the Fourth of Vol. II., is also +now ready, price 1s._ + +NOTES AND QUERIES _may be procured by the Trade at noon on Friday: so +that our country Subscribers ought to experience no difficulty in +receiving it regularly. Many of the country Booksellers are probably not +yet aware of this arrangement, which enables them to receive Copies in +their Saturday parcels_. + +_As the Suggestion we threw out in our last week's Paper of publishing +an extra Number for the purpose of clearing off our accumulation of +REPLIES, seems to have given general satisfaction, we shall, on Saturday +next, issue a Double Number, to be devoted chiefly, if not entirely, to +REPLIES._ + + * * * * * {320} + +THE QUARTERLY REVIEW, +No. CLXXIV., is published THIS DAY. + +CONTENTS + +I. TICKNOR'S HISTORY OF SPANISH LITERATURE. +II. CHURCH AND EDUCATION IN WALES. +III. FORMS OF SALUTATION. +IV. SIBERIA AND CALIFORNIA. +V. MURE ON THE LITERATURE OF GREECE. +VI. METROPOLITAN WATER SUPPLY. +VII. ANECDOTES OF THE PROVISIONAL GOVERNMENT. +VIII. COCHRANE'S YOUNG ITALY. +IX. LAST DAYS OF LOUIS-PHILIPPE. + +JOHN MURRAY, Albemarle Street. + + * * * * * + +Published this day Saturday, October 12th, + +KNIGHT'S PICTORIAL SHAKSPEARE. +The NATIONAL EDITION. Part 1., containing THE +TWO GENTLEMEN OF VERONA, with Forty Illustrations, Price 1s. + +London: CHARLES KNIGHT, 90. Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + +KNIGHT'S CYCLOPAEDIA OF THE INDUSTRY +OF ALL NATIONS. Number I., price 2d. + +KNIGHT'S CYCLOPAEDIA OF LONDON. +Number 1., price 2d. The above will be published on Saturday, +November 2, and continued Weekly. + +London: CHARLES KNIGHT, 90. Fleet Street. + +And sold by all Booksellers in Town and Country. + + * * * * * + +INDIA OVERLAND MAIL.--DIORAMA. GALLERY OF ILLUSTRATION, 14. Regent +Street, Waterloo Place.--A Gigantic MOVING DIORAMA of the ROUTE of the +OVERLAND MAIL to INDIA, exhibiting the following Places, viz. +Southampton Docks, Isle of Wight, Osbourne, the Needles, the Bay of +Biscay, the Berlings, Cintra, the Tagus, Cape Trafalgar, Tarifa, +Gibraltar, Algiers, Malta, Alexandria, Cairo, the Desert of Suez, the +Central Station, Suez, the Red Sea, Aden, Ceylon, Madras, and +Calcutta--is now OPEN DAILY.--Mornings at Twelve; Afternoons at Three; +and Evenings at Eight.--Admission, 1s.; Stalls, 2s. 6d.; Reserved Seats, +3s. Doors open half an hour before each Representation. + + * * * * * + +On the 1st of October, No. 12, price 5s., published Quarterly, + +THE JOURNAL OF SACRED LITERATURE. +Edited by JOHN KITTO, D.D., F.S.A. + +CONTENTS. +Genesis and Geology. +The Bible and Josephus. +On the Authorship of the Acts of the Apostles. +Jewish Commentaries on Isaiah. +Voices of the Night. +On the Literal Interpretation of Prophecy. +Ramathaim Zephim and Rachel's Sepulchre. +The Life of Hugh Heugh, D.D. +Reconsidered Texts. +Miscellanea. + +Correspondence.--Notices of Books.--Biblical Intelligence--List of +Publications. + +London: SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, and CO., Stationer's Hall Court. Edinburgh: +OLIVER and BOYD. Dublin: J. ROBERTSON, Grafton Street. + + * * * * * + +Second Edition, with illustrations, 12mo., 3s. cloth. + +THE BELL; its Origin, History, and Uses. +By the Rev. ALFRED GATTY, Vicar of Ecclesfield. + +"A new and revised edition of a very varied, learned, and amusing essay +on the subject of bells."--_Spectator_. + +GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + +JOURNAL FRANCAIS, publie a Londres.--Le COURRIER de l'EUROPE, fonde en +1840 paraissant le Samedi, donne dans chaque numero les nouvelles de la +semaine, les meilleurs articles de tous les journaux de Paris, la +Semaine Dramatique par Th. Gautier ou J. Janin, la Revue de Paris par +Pierre Durand, et reproduit en entier les romans, nouvelles, etc., en +vogue par les premiers ecrivains de France. Prix 6d. + +London: JOSEPH THOMAS, 1. Finch Lane. + + * * * * * + +IMPORTANT TO AUTHORS.--Gentlemen about to PRINT and PUBLISH either BOOKS +or PAMPHLETS, will save nearly ONE HALF by employing HOPE & CO., +Publishers, 16. Great Marlborough Street. A Specimen Pamphlet of +Bookwork, with Prices, a complete Author's Guide, sent post free for 4d. + + * * * * * + +MEMOIRS OF MUSICK. By the Hon. ROGER NORTH, Attorney-General to James I. +Now first printed from the original MS. and edited, with copious Notes, +by EDWARD F. RIMBAULT, LL.D., F.S.A., &c. &c. Quarto; with a Portrait; +handsomely printed in 4to.; half-bound in morocco, 15s. + +This interesting MS., so frequently alluded to by Dr. Burney in the +course of his "History of Music," has been kindly placed at the disposal +of the Council of the Musical Antiquarian Society, by George Townshend +Smith, Esq., Organist of Hereford Cathedral. But the Council, not +feeling authorised to commence a series of literary publications, yet +impressed with the value of the work, have suggested its independent +publication to their Secretary, Dr. Rimbault, under whose editorial care +it accordingly appears. + +It abounds with interesting Musical Anecdotes; the Greek Fables +respecting the origin of Music; the rise and progress of Musical +Instruments; the early Musical Drama; the origin of our present +fashionable Concerts; the first performance of the Beggar's Opera, &c. + +A limited number having been printed, few copies remain for sale: unsold +copies will shortly be raised in price to 1l. 10s. 6d. + +Folio, price 30s. + +THE CHORAL RESPONSES AND LITANIES +OF THE UNITED CHURCH OF ENGLAND +AND IRELAND. Collected from Authentic Sources. By the +Rev. JOHN JEBB, A.M., Rector of Peterstow. + +The present Work contains a full collection of the harmonized +compositions of ancient date, including nine sets of pieces and +responses, and fifteen litanies, with a few of the more ancient Psalm +Chants. They are given in full score, and in their proper cliffs. In the +upper part, however, the treble is substituted for the "cantus" or +"medius" cliff: and the whole work is so arranged as to suit the library +of the musical student, and to be fit for use in the Choir. + +London: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + +Just Published, Octavo Edition, plain, 15s., Quarto Edition, having the +Plates of the Tesselated Pavements all coloured, 1l. 5s. + +REMAINS of ROMAN ART in Cirencester, the Site of Ancient Corinium; +containing Plates by De la Motte, of the magnificent Tesselated +Pavements discovered in August and September, 1849, with copies of the +grand Heads of Ceres, Flora, and Pomona; reduced by the Talbotype from +facsimile tracings of the original; together with various other plates +and numerous wood engravings. + +In the Quarto edition the folding of the plates necessary for the +smaller volume is avoided. + +"These heads (Ceres, Flora, and Pomona) are of a high order of art, and +Mr. De la Motte, by means of the Talbotype, has so successfully reduced +them that the engravings are perfect facsimiles of the originals. They +are, perhaps, the best of the kind, every tessella apparently being +represented. + +"Our authors have very advantageously brought to their task a knowledge +of geology and chemistry, and the important aid which an application of +these sciences confers on archaeology, is strikingly shown in the chapter +on the materials of the tessellae, which also includes a valuable report +by Dr. VOELCKER, on an analysis of ruby glass, which formed part of the +composition of one of the Cirencester pavements. This portion of the +volume is too elaborate and circumstantial for any justice to be done to +it in an extract."--_Gentleman's Mag., Sept._ + +London: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + +Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5. New +Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride in the City of London; and +published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish of St. +Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet +Street aforesaid.--Saturday, October 12. 1850. + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes & Queries, No. 50. Saturday, +October 12, 1850, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES & QUERIES, NO. 50. *** + +***** This file should be named 13551.txt or 13551.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/1/3/5/5/13551/ + +Produced by Jon Ingram, David King, the PG Online Distributed +Proofreading Team, and The Internet Library of Early Journals + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, +set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to +copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to +protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project +Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you +charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you +do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the +rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose +such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and +research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do +practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is +subject to the trademark license, especially commercial +redistribution. + + + +*** START: FULL LICENSE *** + +THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE +PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK + +To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free +distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work +(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project +Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project +Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at +https://gutenberg.org/license). + + +Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic works + +1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to +and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property +(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all +the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy +all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession. +If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the +terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or +entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. + +1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be +used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who +agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few +things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works +even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See +paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement +and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. See paragraph 1.E below. + +1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation" +or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the +collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an +individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are +located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from +copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative +works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg +are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project +Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by +freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of +this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with +the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by +keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project +Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others. + +1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern +what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in +a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check +the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement +before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or +creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project +Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning +the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United +States. + +1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: + +1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate +access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently +whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the +phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project +Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, +copied or distributed: + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + +1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived +from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is +posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied +and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees +or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work +with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the +work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 +through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the +Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or +1.E.9. + +1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted +with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution +must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional +terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked +to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the +permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. + +1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this +work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. + +1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this +electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without +prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with +active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project +Gutenberg-tm License. + +1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, +compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any +word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or +distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than +"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version +posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org), +you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a +copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon +request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other +form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. + +1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, +performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works +unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. + +1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing +access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided +that + +- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from + the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method + you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is + owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he + has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the + Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments + must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you + prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax + returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and + sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the + address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to + the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation." + +- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies + you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he + does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm + License. You must require such a user to return or + destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium + and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of + Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any + money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the + electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days + of receipt of the work. + +- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free + distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set +forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from +both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael +Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the +Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. + +1.F. + +1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable +effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread +public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm +collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain +"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or +corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual +property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a +computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by +your equipment. + +1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right +of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project +Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all +liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal +fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT +LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE +PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH F3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE +TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE +LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR +INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH +DAMAGE. + +1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a +defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can +receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a +written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you +received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with +your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with +the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a +refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity +providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to +receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy +is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further +opportunities to fix the problem. + +1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth +in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS' WITH NO OTHER +WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO +WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. + +1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied +warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. +If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the +law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be +interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by +the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any +provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. + +1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the +trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone +providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance +with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, +promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, +harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, +that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do +or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm +work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any +Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause. + + +Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm + +Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of +electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers +including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists +because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from +people in all walks of life. + +Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the +assistance they need, is critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's +goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will +remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure +and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations. +To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation +and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 +and the Foundation web page at https://www.pglaf.org. + + +Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive +Foundation + +The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit +501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the +state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal +Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification +number is 64-6221541. Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at +https://pglaf.org/fundraising. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent +permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. + +The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S. +Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered +throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at +809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email +business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact +information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official +page at https://pglaf.org + +For additional contact information: + Dr. Gregory B. Newby + Chief Executive and Director + gbnewby@pglaf.org + + +Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation + +Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide +spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of +increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be +freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest +array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations +($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt +status with the IRS. + +The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating +charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United +States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a +considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up +with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations +where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To +SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any +particular state visit https://pglaf.org + +While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we +have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition +against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who +approach us with offers to donate. + +International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make +any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from +outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. + +Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation +methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other +ways including including checks, online payments and credit card +donations. To donate, please visit: https://pglaf.org/donate + + +Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. + +Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm +concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared +with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project +Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. + + +Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed +editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S. +unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily +keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. + + +Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: + + https://www.gutenberg.org + +This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, +including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary +Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to +subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. diff --git a/old/13551.zip b/old/13551.zip Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..e61f39e --- /dev/null +++ b/old/13551.zip |