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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes & Queries, No. 50. Saturday, October
+12, 1850, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Notes & Queries, No. 50. Saturday, October 12, 1850
+       A Medium Of Inter-Communication For Literary Men, Artists,
+       Antiquaries, Genealogists, Etc.
+       
+
+Author: Various
+
+Release Date: September 28, 2004 [EBook #13551]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES & QUERIES, NO. 50. ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Jon Ingram, David King, the PG Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team, and The Internet Library of Early Journals
+
+
+
+
+
+NOTES AND QUERIES:
+
+A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES,
+GENEALOGISTS, ETC.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+No. 50.] SATURDAY, OCTOBER 12, 1850 [Price Threepence. Stamped Edition 4d.
+
+       *       *       *       *       * {305}
+
+
+CONTENTS
+
+NOTES:--Page
+
+  A Note on "Small Words". 305
+  Gray's Elegy, by Bolton Corney. 306
+  Gray's Elegy in Portuguese. 306
+  Further Notes on the Authorship of Henry VIII. 306
+  Queen Elizabeth and Sir Henry Nevill, by Lord
+    Braybrooke. 307
+  Minor Notes:--Whales--Bookbinding--Scott's
+    Waverley--Satyayrata. 307
+
+QUERIES:--
+  The Black Rood of Scotland. 308
+  Minor Queries:--Trogus Pompeius--Mortuary
+    Stanzas--Laird of Grant--Bastille, Records of,--Orkney
+    under Norwegians--Swift's Works--Pride of the
+    Morning--Bishop Durdent and the Staffordshire Historians--Pope and
+    Bishop Burgess--Daniel's Irish New Testament--Ale Draper--Eugene
+    Aram--Latin Epigram--Couplet in Defoe--Books
+    wanted to refer to--Watermarks in
+    Writing-paper--Puzzling Epitaph--Cornish MSS.--Bilderdijk
+    the Poet--Egyptian MSS.--Scandinavian
+    Priesthood--Thomas Volusemus. 309
+
+REPLIES:--
+  Curfew. 311
+  Engelmann's Bibliotheca Scriptorum Classicorum. 312
+  Crozier and Pastoral Staff, by Rev. M. Walcott. 313
+  Parsons, the Staffordshire Giant, by E.F. Rimbault,
+    L.L.D. 314
+  Wormwood Wine, by S.W. Singer, &c. 315
+  Replies to Minor Queries:--Feltham's Works--Harefinder--Fool
+    or a Physician--Papers of Perjury--Pilgrim's
+    Road--Capture of Henry VI.--Andrew
+    Beckett--Passage in Vida--Quem Deus--Countess
+    of Desmond--Confession--Cayell, Meaning of,--Lord
+    Kingsborough's Mexico--Aërostation--Concolinel--Andrewes's
+    Tortura Torti, &c. 315
+
+MISCELLANEOUS:--
+  Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &c. 319
+  Books and Odd Volumes Wanted. 319
+  Notices to Correspondents. 319
+  Advertisements. 320
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+NOTES.
+
+A NOTE ON "SMALL WORDS."
+
+    "And ten small words creep on in one dull line."
+
+Most ingenious! most felicitous! but let no man despise little words,
+despite of the little man of Twickenham. He himself knew better, but
+there was no resisting the temptation of such a line as that. Small
+words he says, in plain prosaic criticism, are generally "stiff and
+languishing, but they may be beautiful to express melancholy."
+
+The English language is a language of small words. It is, says Swift,
+"overstocked with monosyllables." It cuts down all its words to the
+shortest possible dimensions: a sort of half-Procrustes, which lops but
+never stretches. In one of the most magnificent passages in Holy Writ,
+that, namely, which describes the death of Sisera:--
+
+    "At her feet he bowed, he fell: at her feet he bowed, he fell,
+    he lay down: where he bowed, there he fell down dead."
+
+There are twenty-two monosyllables to three of greater length, or rather
+to the same dissyllable thrice repeated; and that too in common parlance
+proncounced as a monosyllable. The passage in the Book of Ezekiel, which
+Coleride is said to have considered the most sublime in the whole
+Bible,--
+
+    "And He said unto me, son of man, can these bones live? And I
+    answered, O Lord God, though knowest,"--
+
+contains seventeen monosyllables to three others. And in the most grand
+passage which commences the Gospel of St. John, from the first to the
+fourteenth verses, inclusive, there are polysyllables twenty-eight,
+monosyllables two hundred and one. This it may be said is poetry, but
+not verse, and therefore makes but little against the critic. Well then,
+out of his own mouth shall he be confuted. In the fourth epistle of his
+_Essay on Man_, a specimen selected purely at random from his works, and
+extending altogether to three hundred and ninety-eight lines, there are
+no less than twenty-seven (that is, a trifle more than one out of every
+fifteen,) made up _entirely_ of monosyllables: and over and above these,
+there are one hundred and fifteen which have in them only one word of
+greater length; and yet there are few dull creepers among the lines of
+Pope.
+
+The early writers, the "pure wells of English undefiled," are full of
+"small words."
+
+Hall, in one of the most exquisite of his satires, speaking of the
+vanity of "adding house to house, and field to field," has these most
+beautiful lines,--
+
+  "Fond fool! six feet shall serve for all thy store,
+  And he that cares for most shall find no more!"
+
+"What harmonious monosyllables!" says Mr. Gifford; and what critic will
+refuse to echo his exclamation? The same writer is full of monosyllabic
+lines, and he is among the most energetic {306} of satirists. By the
+way, it is not a little curious, that in George Webster's _White Devil,
+or Vittoria Corombona_, almost the same thought is also clothed in two
+monosyllabic lines:--
+
+  "His wealth is summed, and this is all his store:
+  This poor men get, and great men get no more."
+
+Was Young dull? Listen, for it is indeed a "solemn sound:"--
+
+  "The bell strikes one. We take no note of time
+  Save by its loss, to give it then a tongue
+  Was wise in man."
+
+Was Milton tame? Hear the "lost archangel" calling upon Hell to receive
+its new possessor:--
+
+        "One who brings
+  A mind not to be chang'd by place or time.
+  The mind is its own place, and in _itself_
+  Can make a heav'n of hell,--a hell of heav'n.
+  What _matter_ where, if I be still the same,
+  And what I should be; all but less than he
+  Whom _thunder_ hath made _greater_? Here at least
+  We shall be free; the _Almighty_ hath not built
+  Here for his _envy_; will not drive us hence:
+  Here we may reign _secure_; and in my choice
+  To reign is worth _ambition_, though in hell:
+  _Better_ to reign in hell, than serve in heav'n!"
+
+A great conjunction of little words! Are monosyllables passionless?
+Listen to the widowed Constance:--
+
+  "Thou mayst, thou shalt! I will not go with thee!
+  I will _instruct_ my _sorrows_ to be proud;
+  For grief is proud, and makes his _owner_ stout;
+  To me, and to the state of my great grief,
+  Let kings _assemble_; for my grief's so great,
+  That no _supporter_ but the huge firm earth
+  Can hold it up: here I and _sorrow_ sit;
+  Here is my throne: bid kings come bow to it."
+
+Six polysyllables only in eight lines!
+
+The ingenuity of Pope's line is great, but the criticism false. We
+applaud it only because we have never taken the trouble to think about
+the matter, and take it for granted that all monosyllabic lines must
+"creep" like that which he puts forward as a specimen. The very
+frequency of monosyllables in the compositions of our language is one
+grand cause of that frequency passing uncommented upon by the general
+reader. The investigation prompted by the criticism will serve only to
+show its unsoundness.
+
+K.I.P.B.T.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ON GRAY'S ELEGY.
+
+If required to name the most popular English poem of the last century, I
+should perhaps fix on the _Elegy_ of Gray. According to Mason, it "ran
+through eleven editions in a very short space of time." If he means
+_separate_ editions, I can point out six other impressions in the
+life-time of the poet, besides those in miscellaneous collections viz.
+In _Six Poems by Mr. T. Gray_, London, 1753. Folio--1765. Folio--and in
+_Poems by Mr. Gray_, London, 1768. small 8o.--Glasgow 1768. 4o.--London.
+A new edition, 1768. small 8o. A new edition, 1770. small 8o. So much
+has been said of translations and imitations, that I shall confine
+myself to the text.
+
+Of the _first_ separate edition I am so fortunate as to possess a copy.
+It is thus entitled:--
+
+    "_An elegy wrote in a country church-yard_. LONDON: printed for
+    R. Dodsley in Pal-mall; and sold by M. Cooper in
+    Pater-noster-row, 1751. Price six-pense. 4o six leaves.
+
+    "Advertisement.
+
+    "The following POEM came into my hands by accident, if the
+    general approbation with which this little piece has been
+    spread, may be call'd by so slight a term as accident. It is
+    this approbation which makes it unnecessary for me to make any
+    apology but to the author: as he cannot but feel some
+    satisfaction in having pleas'd so many readers already, I
+    flatter myself he will forgive my communicating that pleasure to
+    many more.
+
+    "The EDITOR."
+
+The history of this publication is given by Gray himself, in a letter to
+Walpole, dated in 1751, and needs no repetition; but I must observe, as
+a remarkable circumstance, that the poem was reprinted _anonymously_, in
+its separate form, as late as 1763.
+
+I have collated the editions of 1751 and 1770, and find variations in
+stanzas 1, 3, 5, 9, 10, 12, 23, 24, and 27. All the amendments, however,
+were adopted as early as 1753, except the correction of a grammatical
+peccadillo in the ninth stanza.
+
+I make this communication in the shape of a note, as it may interest men
+of the world not less than certain _hermits_.
+
+BOLTON CORNEY.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+GRAY'S ELEGY IN PORTUGUESE.
+
+In several numbers of the "NOTES AND QUERIES" mention is made of various
+translations into foreign languages of GRAY'S _Elegy in a Country
+Church-yard_. P.C.S.S. begs leave to add to the list a very elegant
+translation into Portuguese, by the Chevalier Antonio de Aracejo
+(afterwards Minister of Foreign Affairs at Lisbon and at Rio de
+Janeiro), to whose friendship he was indebted many years ago for a copy
+of it. It was privately printed at Lisbon towards the close of the last
+century, and was subsequently reprinted at Paris in 1802, in a work
+called _Traductions interlinéaires, en six Langues_, by A.M.H. Boulard.
+
+P.C.S.S.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+FURTHER NOTES ON THE AUTHORSHIP OF SHAKSPEARE'S HENRY VIII.
+
+The Gentleman's Magazine for the present month contains a letter from
+Mr. Spedding, the author of the essay which appeared in the August {307}
+number of that magazine on the authorship of _Henry VIII._ After
+expressing himself "gratified but not surprised" by the coincidence
+between his views and those of Mr. Hickson in "NOTES AND QUERIES" (Vol.
+ii., p. 198.), Mr. Spedding proceeds:
+
+    "The resemblance of the style, in some parts of the play, to
+    Fletcher's, was pointed out to me several years ago by Alfred
+    Tennyson (for I do not know why I should not mention his name);
+    and long before that, the general distinctions between
+    Shakspeare's manner and Fletcher's had been admirably explained
+    by Charles Lamb in his note on the _Two Noble Kinsmen_, and by
+    Mr. Spalding in his Essay. And in respect to this I had myself
+    derived additional light, more, perhaps, than I am aware of,
+    from Mr. Hickson himself, if he be (as I suppose he is) the S.H.
+    of the _Westminster Review_. But having been thus put upon the
+    scent and furnished with principles, I followed the inquiry out
+    by myself, without help or communication. That two independent
+    inquirers should thus have arrived at the same conclusions upon
+    so many particulars, must certainly be considered very singular,
+    except upon one supposition; viz., that the conclusions are
+    according to reason. Upon that supposition, nothing is more
+    natural; and I must confess, for my own part, that I should have
+    been more surprised if the coincidence had been less exact."
+
+We will borrow one more paragraph from Mr. Spedding's communication
+(which is distinguished throughout by the liberality of tone of a true
+scholar), and we doubt not that the wish expressed at its conclusion is
+one in which our readers join as heartily as ourselves:--
+
+    "I hope, however, that Mr. Hickson may be induced to pursue his
+    own investigation further, and to develop more fully the
+    suggestion which he throws out as to a difference of style
+    discernible in the scenes which he attributes to Shakspeare. If
+    I understand him rightly, he sees traces in this play of the
+    earlier as well as the later hand of both poets. I cannot say
+    that I perceive any indications of this myself, nor, if it be
+    so, can I well make out how it should have come to pass. But I
+    should be glad to hear more about it."
+
+It will be seen by the following extract from Mr. Emerson's
+_Representative Men_, for which we are indebted to our correspondent
+A.R., that the subject had attracted the attention of that distinguished
+writer.--
+
+    "In _Henry VIII._, I think I see plainly the cropping out of the
+    original rock on which his (Shakspeare's) own finer stratum was
+    laid. The first play was written by a superior, thoughtful man,
+    with a vicious ear. I can mark his lines, and know well their
+    cadence. See Wolsey's Soliloquy, and the following scene with
+    Cromwell, where, instead of the metre of Shakspeare, whose
+    secret is, that the thought constructs the tune, so that reading
+    for the sense will best bring out the rhythm; here the lines are
+    constructed on a given tune, and the verse has even a trace of
+    pulpit eloquence. But the play contains, through all its length,
+    unmistakeable traits of Shakspeare's hand; and some passages, as
+    the account of the coronation, are like autographs. What is odd,
+    the compliment to Queen Elizabeth is in the bad rhythm."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+QUEEN ELIZABETH AND SIR HENRY NEVILL.
+
+Many years ago I copied the following note from a volume of Berkshire
+pedigrees in the British Museum, my reference to which is unluckily
+lost.
+
+    "Queen Elizabeth, in her first progress at Maidenhithe Bridge,
+    being mett by all the Nobility, Kn'ts, and Esquires of Berks,
+    they kneeling on both sides of her way, shee alighted at the
+    bridge foot, and walked on foote through the midst, and coming
+    just agaynst Sir Henry Nevill of Billingbear, made a stay, and
+    leyd her glove on his head, saying, 'I am glad to see thee,
+    _Brother Henry_.' Hee, not pleased with the expression, swore
+    she would make the court believe hee was a bastard, at which
+    shee laughed, and passed on."
+
+The masquing scene in _Henry VIII._, as described by Holinshed, perhaps
+furnishes a clue to the Queen's pleasantry, though Shakspeare has
+omitted the particular incident relating to Sir Henry Nevill. The old
+chronicler, after giving an account of Wolsey's banquet, and the
+entrance of a noble troop of strangers in masks, amongst whom he
+suspected that the king made one, proceeds as follows:--
+
+    "Then the Lord Chamberlain said to the Cardinal, Sir, they
+    confesse that among them there is such a noble personage whom,
+    if your Grace can appointe out 'from the rest, he is content to
+    disclose himself and to accept your place.' Whereupon the
+    Cardinal, taking good advisement among them, at the last quoth
+    he, 'Me seemeth the gentleman in the black beard should be even
+    he.' And with that he arose out of his chaire and offered the
+    same to the gentleman in the black beard, with his cap in his
+    hand. The person to whom he offered the chaire was Sir Edward
+    Nevill, a comelie knight, that much more resembled the king's
+    person in that mask than anie other. The King perceiving the
+    Cardinal so deceived, could not forbear laughing, and pulled
+    down his visor and Maister Nevill's too."
+
+Sir Edward Nevill of Aldington, in Kent, was the second surviving son of
+George Nevill, Lord Abergavenny, and the father of Sir Henry Nevill
+above mentioned, who laid the foundation-stone and built the body and
+one wing of Billingbear House, which still belongs to his descendant.
+Sir Edward Nevill was beheaded for high treason in 1538, his likeness to
+Henry VIII. not saving him from the fate which befell so many of that
+king's unhappy favourites.
+
+BRATHBROOKE.
+
+Audley End.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+MINOR NOTES.
+
+_Whales._--Tychsen thinks the stories of whales mistaken for islands
+originated in the perplexities of inexperienced sailors when first
+venturing from {308} the Mediterranean into a sea exposed to the tides.
+I think Dr. Whewell mentions that in particular situations the turn of
+the current occurs at a sufficient interval from the time of high or low
+water to perplex even the most experienced sailors.
+
+F.Q.
+
+
+_Bookbinding._--While the mischief of _mildew_ on the _inside_ of books
+has engaged some correspondents to seek for a remedy (Vol. ii., 103.
+173.), a word may be put in on behalf of the _outside_, the binding. The
+present material used in binding is so soft, flabby, and unsound, that
+it will not endure a week's service. I have seen a bound volume lately,
+with a name of repute attached to it; and certainly the _workmanship_ is
+creditable enough, but the _leather_ is just as miserable as any from
+the commonest workshop. The volume cannot have been bound many months,
+and yet even now, though in good hands, it is beginning to rub _smooth_,
+and to look, what best expresses it emphatically, _shabby_, contrasting
+most grievously with the leather of another volume, just then in use,
+bound some fifty or seventy years ago, and as sound and firm as a drum's
+head--_common_ binding too, be it observed--as the modern _cover_ is
+flabby and washy. Pray, sir, raise a voice against this wretched
+_material_, for that is the thing in fault, not the workmanship; and if
+more must be paid for undoctored outsides, let it be so.
+
+NOVUS.
+
+
+_Scott's Waverley._--Some years ago, a gentleman of my acquaintance, now
+residing in foreign parts, told me the following story:--
+
+    "Once upon a time," the great unknown being engaged in a
+    shooting-match near his dwelling, it came to pass that all the
+    gun-wadding was spent, so that he was obliged to fetch _paper_
+    instead. After Sir Walter had come back, his fellow-shooter
+    chanced to look at the succedaneum, and was not a little
+    astonished to see it formed part of a tale written by his
+    entertainer's hand. By his friend's urgent inquiries, the Scotch
+    romancer was compelled to acknowledge himself the author, and to
+    save the well nigh destroyed manuscript of _Waverley_.
+
+I do not know whether Sir Walter Scott was induced by _this_ incident to
+publish the first of his tales or not; perhaps it occurred after several
+of his novels had been printed. Now, if any body acquainted with the
+anecdote I relate should perchance hit upon my endeavour to give it an
+English garb, he would do me a pleasure by noting down the particulars I
+might have omitted or mis-stated. I never saw the fact recorded.
+
+JANUS DOUSA.
+
+
+_Satyavrata._--Mr. Kemble, _Salomon and Saturn_, p. 129., does not seem
+to be aware that the Satyavrata in question was one of the forgeries
+imposed on, and afterwards detected, by Wilford.
+
+F.Q.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+QUERIES.
+
+BLACK ROOD OF SCOTLAND.
+
+Can any of your correspondents give me any information on the following
+points connected with "the Black Rood of Scotland?"
+
+1. What was the history of this cross before it was taken into Scotland
+by St. Margaret, on the occasion of her marriage with Malcolm, king of
+Scotland? Did she get it in England or in Germany?
+
+2. What was its size and make? One account describes it as made of gold,
+and another (_Rites of Durham_, p. 16.) as of silver.
+
+3. Was the "Black Rood of Scotland" the same as the "Holy Cross of
+Holyrood House?" One account seems to make them the same: for in the
+_Rites of Durham_, p. 16., we read,--
+
+    "At the east end of the south aisle of the choir, was a most
+    fair rood, or picture of our Saviour, _in silver_, called the
+    _Black Rood of Scotland_, brought out of Holyrood House by King
+    David Bruce, and was won at the battle of Durham, with the
+    picture of our Lady on the one side, and St. John on the other
+    side, very richly wrought in silver, all three having crowns of
+    gold," &c. &c.
+
+Another account, in p. 21 of the same work, seems to make them
+different; for, speaking of the battle of Neville's Cross (18th October,
+1346), it says--
+
+    "In which said battle a _holy Cross_, which was taken out of
+    Holyrood House, in Scotland, by King David Bruce, was won and
+    taken," &c., p. 21.
+
+And adds,--
+
+    "In which battle were slain seven earls of Scotland.... and also
+    lost _the said cross_, and many other most worthy and excellent
+    jewels ... together with the Black Rood of Scotland (so termed)
+    with Mary and John, made of silver, being, as it were, smoked
+    all over," &c., p. 22.
+
+4. If they were the same, how is the legend concerning its discovery by
+the king, upon Holyrood day, when hunting in a forest near Edinburgh, to
+be reconciled with the fact of its being taken by St. Margaret into
+Scotland? If they were not the same, what was the previous history of
+each, and which was the cross of St. Margaret?
+
+5. How is the account of Simeon of Durham, that the Black Rood was
+bequeathed to Durham Priory by St. Margaret, to be reconciled with the
+history of its being taken from the Scotch at the battle of Neville's
+Cross?
+
+6. May there not be a connexion between the legend of the discovery of
+the "Holy Cross" between the horns of a wild hart (_Rites of Durham_, p.
+21.), and the practice that existed of an offering of a stag annually
+made, on St. Cuthbert's day, in September, by the Nevilles of Raby, to
+the Priory of Durham? May it not have been an acknowledgement {309} that
+the cross won at the battle of Neville's Cross was believed to have been
+taken by King David from the hart in the forest of Edinburgh? In the
+"Lament for Robert Neville," called by Surtees "the very oldest rhyme of
+the North" we read--
+
+  "Wel, qwa sal thir hornes blaw
+     Haly rod thi day?
+   Nou is he dede and lies law
+     Was wont to blaw thaim ay."
+
+7. Is it known what became of the "Holy Cross" or "Black Rood" at the
+dissolution of Durham Priory?
+
+P.A.F.
+
+Newcastle-on-Tyne.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+MINOR QUERIES.
+
+_Trogus Pompeius._--In Hannay and Dietrichsen's _Almanuck for the Year_
+1849, I find the following statement under the head of "Remarkable
+Occurrences of the Year 1847:"--
+
+    "July 21. A portion of the history of Trogus Pompeius (the
+    author abridged by Justin) is discovered in the library of
+    Ossolinski at Berlin."
+
+Not having noticed any contemporary account of this occurrence, I should
+be glad of any information respecting the nature and extent of the
+discovery.
+
+E.L.N.
+
+
+_Mortuary Stanzas._--Could any of your readers supply me with
+information respecting the practice of appending mortuary stanzas to the
+yearly bills of mortality, published in many parishes; whether there are
+any extant specimens of such stanzas besides those memorable poems of
+Cowper written for the parish clerk of Northampton; and whether, also,
+the practice is still kept up in any parts of the country?
+
+[Greek: Philopatris].
+
+
+_Laird of Grant._--In the north of England, I have repeatedly heard the
+_auld wife_ remark, on observing any unwonted act of extravagance, such
+as burning more than the ordinary number of candles, &c. &c.,--"Who is
+to be Laird of Grant next year?" As this saying appears to be used only
+in the north, I have no other medium at present than to seek a reply
+through the aid of your valuable little work.
+
+SENEX.
+
+
+    [A similar "saw" was formerly current in the metropolis,--"What,
+    three candles burning! we shall be Lord Mayor next year."]
+
+
+_Bastille, MS. Records of._--Are there amongst the MSS. of the British
+Museum any documents relating to spies, or political agents, employed by
+the French and English governments from 1643 to 1715, who were
+incarcerated in the Bastille?
+
+M.V.
+
+
+_Orkney under the Norwegians._--Torfĉus (_Orcades_), under the
+transactions of the year 1430 (p. 182-3.), has an incidental mention of
+the Orkneys as among the forbidden islands, "vetitĉ insulas," of which
+the commerce was forbidden to strangers, and confined to the mother
+country, as to this day it is with Denmark and her possessions of the
+Faroe Islands and Iceland, both mentioned in the paragraph of the
+historian among the islands whose commerce was restricted. It would be
+very desirable to know of the social state of Orkney under the
+government of Norway and its native Jarls of the Norwegian race, and or
+its connexion with Norway and Denmark; and some of your correspondents
+may take the trouble to point out sources of information on the subject
+of this Query.
+
+W.H.F.
+
+Kirkwall
+
+
+_Swift's Works._--In Wilde's _Closing Years of Dean Swift's Life_ (2d
+edit. p. 78.) is mentioned an autograph letter from Sir Walter Scott to
+C.G. Gavelin, Esq., of Dublin, in the MS. library. T.C.D., in which he
+states he had nothing whatever to do with the publication or revision of
+the second edition of the _Works of Jonathan Swift_. This does not agree
+with the statement given in Mr. Lockhart's _Life of Sir Walter Scott_,
+2d edit. vol. vii. p. 215. Who was the editor, and in what does the
+second edition differ from the first?
+
+W.H.F.
+
+
+"_Pride of the Morning_."--Why is the small rain which falls in the
+morning, at some seasons of the year, called "the pride of the morning?"
+
+P.H.F.
+
+
+_Bishop Durdent and the Staffordshire Historians._--It is stated by
+Sampson Erdeswich, Esq., in his _Survey of Staffordshire_, p. 164, 12mo.
+1717, that--
+
+    "Not far from Tame, Roger Durdent held Fisherwicke of the
+    bishop, 24 Ed. I. And 4 Ed. II. Nicholas Durdent was lord of it,
+    which I suppose was procured to some of his ancestors of the
+    same name by their kinsman Walter Durdent, Bishop of Litchfield,
+    in Henry II.'s time."
+
+but no authority is given for this statement.
+
+In Shaw's _History of Staffordshire_, p. 365., fol., 1798, it is further
+recorded that--
+
+    "Walter Durdent, in the beginning of Henry II., appears to have
+    granted it (Fisherwicke) to some of his relations, for we find
+    William Durdent of Fisherwicke temp. Henry II.; and in the 40th
+    of Hen. III. Roger Durdent occurs, who held Fisherwicke of the
+    bishop, 24 Ed. I. In the 4 Ed. II. Nicholas Durdent was lord of
+    it."
+
+Shaw refers to Erdeswick, and to the _Annals of Burton Abbey_, p. 364.
+
+In Dr. Harwood's edition of Erdeswick, 8vo., 1844, the same statements
+are repeated, but no authority is adduced. Could any of your
+correspondents obligingly furnish me with the original {310} sources of
+information to which Erdeswick had access, and also with any
+biographical notices of Bishop Durdent besides those which are recorded
+in Godwin and Shaw? The bishop had the privilege of coining money. (See
+Shaw's _Staffordshire_, pp. 233. 265.) Are any of his coins known to
+numismatists?
+
+F.R.R.
+
+
+_Pope and Bishop Burgess._--To what passage in Pope's writings does the
+conclusion of the following extract refer?[1]
+
+    "Digammaticĉ doctrinĉ idem accidit. In his _Popius_ eam in
+    ludibrium vertit, &c. Sed eximius Poeta neque in veteribus suĉ
+    ipsius linguĉ, nedum Grĉcĉ monumentis versatus, tantum scilicet
+    de antiqua illa litera vidit, quantum _de Shakespearii_
+    SAGITTARIO."
+
+W.W.
+
+[Footnote 1: 3d ed. of Dawes's _Mis. Critic_, p. xviii, note x.]
+
+
+_Daniel's Irish New Testament._--F.G.X. will be much obliged for
+information on the following points:--
+
+1. Which is the most correct edition, as to printing and orthography, of
+Daniel's Irish New Testament?
+
+2. Does the edition now on sale by the Bible Society bear the character
+for incorrectness as to these points, which, judged by itself, it
+appears to deserve, or is it really, though "bad, the best?"
+
+3. F.G.X. is far advanced with an Irish Testament Concordance. Can any
+one possessed of the requisite information give him hope of the
+acceptableness of such a publication? He should expect it to be chiefly
+useful to clerical Irish students in acquiring a knowledge of words and
+construction; but the lists of Irish Bibles disposed of of late years
+would lead to the supposition of its being desirable also as pointing
+out the place of passages to the native reader.
+
+4. Does the Cambridge University Library contain a copy of the first
+edition of Daniel's translation?
+
+_Ale Draper--Eugene Aram._--In Hargrove's well-known history of Eugene
+Aram, the hero of Bulwer's still better known novel, one of the guilty
+associates of the Knaresborough murderer is designated as an "Ale
+Draper." As this epithet never presented itself in my reading, and as I
+am not aware that _draper_ properly admits of any other definition than
+that given by Johnson, "one who deals in cloth," may I ask whether the
+word was ever in "good use" in the above sense?
+
+My main purpose in writing, is to propound the foregoing Query; but
+while I have the pen in hand permit me to ask,--
+
+1. Whether it be possible to read the celebrated "defence," so called,
+which was delivered by Aram on his trial at York, without concurring
+with the jury in their verdict, and with the judge in his sentence? In
+short, without a strong feeling that the prisoner would not have been
+hanged, but for that over-ingenious, and obviously evasive, address, in
+which the plain averment of "not guilty" does not occur.
+
+2. Has not the literary character, especially the philological
+attainments, of this noted malefactor been vastly over-rated? And
+
+3. Ought not the "memoirs" of "this great man" by Mr. Scatcherd to be
+ranked among the most remarkable attempts ever made, and surely made
+
+  "--in vain,
+  To wash the murderer from blood-guilty stain?"
+
+D.
+
+Rotherfield
+
+
+_Latin Epigram._--Can any of your correspondents inform me who was the
+author of the following epigram:--
+
+  IN MEMORIAM G.B.M.D.
+
+  "Te tandem tuus Oreus habet, quo civibus Orei
+  Gratius haud unquam misit Apollo caput;
+  Quippe tuo jussu terras liquere, putantque
+  Tartara se jussu linquere posse tuo."
+
+The person alluded to was Sir W. Browne, M.D., the founder of the Browne
+medals in the University of Cambridge. Some old fellow of King's College
+may be able to inform me.
+
+The medals were first given about the year 1780, and in the first year,
+I presume, out of respect to the memory of the donor, no subject was
+given for Epigrams. It has occurred to me, that perhaps some wag on that
+occasion sent the lines as a quiz.
+
+W.S.
+
+Richmond, Surrey
+
+
+_Couplet in De Foe_--
+
+  "Restraint from ill is freedom to the wise,
+  And good men wicked liberties despise."
+
+This couplet is at the end of the second letter in De Foe's _Great Law
+of Subordination_, p. 42. Is it his own? If not, where did he get it?
+
+N.B.
+
+
+_Books wanted to refer to_.--
+
+    "Hollard's Travels (1715), by a French Protestant Minister,
+    afterwards suppressed by the author."
+
+    "Thomas Bonnell, Mayor of Norwich, Life of."
+
+    "Canterbury, Letters and Memoirs on the Excommunication of two
+    Heretics, 1698."
+
+    "The Book of Seventy-seven French Protestant Ministers,
+    presented to Will'm III."
+
+If any of your readers can refer me to the above works I shall be glad.
+They may be in the British Museum, although I have searched there in
+vain for them.
+
+J.S.B.
+
+
+_Water-marks in Writing-paper._--Can any of your correspondents indicate
+any guide to the dating of {311} paper by the water-mark. I think I have
+read of some work on that subject, but have no precise recollection
+about it. I have now before me several undated MSS. written on paper of
+which it would be very desirable to fix the exact date. They evidently
+belonged to Pope, Swift, and Lady M.W. Montague, as they contain their
+autographs. They are all of that size called _Pro Patria_, and two of
+them have as water-mark a figure of Britannia with a lion brandishing a
+sword within a paling, and the motto _Pro Patria_ over the sword. Of one
+of these the opposite page has the initials GR, and the other has IX;
+but the paper has been cut off in the middle of the water-mark and only
+exhibits half the figure IV. Another sheet has the royal arms (1.
+England and Scotland impaled, 2. France, 3. Ireland, 4. the white horse
+of Hanover,) within the garter, and surmounted by the crown, and on the
+opposite page GR. within a crowned wreath. There is no doubt that they
+were all manufactured between 1715 and 1740; but is there any means of
+arriving at a more precise date?
+
+C.
+
+
+_Puzzling Epitaph._--The following curious epitaph was found in a
+foreign cathedral:--
+
+  EPITAPHIUM.
+
+  "O quid tuĉ
+   be est biĉ;
+   ra ra ra
+   es et in
+   ram ram ram
+   ii."
+
+The following is plainly the solution of the last four lines:--
+
+  _ra, ra, ra_, is thrice _ra_, i.e. _ter-ra=terra_.
+  _ram, ram, ram_, is thrice _ram_, i.e. _ter-ram=terram_.
+  _ii_ is _i_ twice, _i.e. i-bis=ibis_.
+
+Thus the last four lines are,--
+
+  "Terra es et in terram ibis."
+
+Can any one furnish a solution of the two first lines?
+
+J. BDN.
+
+
+    [We would suggest that the first two lines are to be read "O
+    _super_ be, quid _super_ est, tuĉ _super_ biĉ," and the
+    epitaph will then be--
+
+      "O superbe quid superest tuĉ superbiĉ
+      Terra es, et in terram ibis."--ED.]
+
+
+_MSS. of Cornish Language._--Are there any ancient MSS. of the Cornish
+language, or are there any works remaining in that language, besides the
+_Calvary_ and _Christmas Carol_ published by the late Davies Gilbert?
+
+J.A. GILES.
+
+
+_Bilderdijk the Poet._--Banished from his native country, disowned by
+his own countrymen, the Dutch poet Willem Bilderdijk pitched his tent
+for a while on the hospitable soil of Old England. Prince William V.
+residing in 1795 at Hampton Court, he resolved to stay there; but,
+possessing no income at all, and, like the sage of antiquity, having
+saved nothing from the shipwreck but his genius, he shifted his
+dwelling-place to London, where he gave lessons in drawing, languages,
+and various, even medical, sciences. He was married in England to
+Katharine Wilhelmina Schweickhardt, on the 18th of May, 1797. His
+residence in the birthplace of "NOTES AND QUERIES" makes me ask, if
+there be still persons living, who remember him as teacher, friend, or
+poet? A presentation-copy of Mrs. Bilderdijk's translation of _Rodrick,
+the Last of the Goths_, was offered to Southey, accompanied by a Latin
+letter from her spouse. The poet-laureate visiting Leyden in the summer
+of 1825, Bilderdijk would not suffer him to remain lodged in the inn,
+where an injury to his leg urged him to favour the landlord with a
+protracted stay. Southey was transported accordingly to the Dutch poet's
+house; and did not leave it before he was cured, several weeks having
+elapsed in the meanwhile. Mention of this fact is made in a poem the
+British bard addresses to Cuninghame. I do not know whether it is
+alluded to in Southey's _Life_.
+
+Bilderdijk's foot was crushed accidentally, in the sixth year of his
+age, by one of his play-fellows; and thus he, who, by his natural
+disposition seemed to be destined to a military career, was obliged to
+enlist in the _militia togata_. He fought the good fight in verse. It is
+remarkable that Byron and Sir Walter Scott, his cotemporaries, were also
+lame or limping.
+
+JANUS DOUSA.
+
+
+_Egyptian MSS._--What is the age of the oldest MS. found in Egypt? Are
+there any earlier than the age of Alexander?
+
+J.A. GILES.
+
+
+_Scandinavian Priesthood._--Will one of your correspondents do me the
+favour to let me know the best authority I can refer to for information
+as to the priesthood of the Scandinavians; the mode of their election,
+the rank from which they were generally chosen, whether they were
+allowed to marry, &c.?
+
+MAX BRANDESON.
+
+
+_Thomas Volusemus (or Wilson?)._--Is anything known of Thomas Volusemus
+(Wilson?) who edited the works of his father-in-law, Patrick Adamson,
+titular Archbishop of St. Andrew's, which were published in London A.D.
+1619?
+
+H.A.E.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+REPLIES.
+
+CURFEW.
+
+We have received the following Replies to NABOC'S inquiry (Vol. ii., p.
+103.) as to where the custom of ringing the curfew still remains.
+
+_Bingley in Yorkshire._--In the town of Bingley, {312} in Yorkshire, the
+custom of ringing the curfew existed in the year 1824. It may have been
+discontinued since that year, but I do not know that it has.
+
+It is also the custom at Blackburn, in Lancashire; and it was, if it is
+not now, at Bakewell in Derbyshire.
+
+H.J.
+
+
+_Bromyard, Herefordshire._--The curfew is still rung at Bromyard,
+Herefordshire, at nine P.M., from the 5th of November, until Christmas
+Day; and the bell is afterwards tolled the number of the day of the
+month. Why it is merely confined to within the above days, I could never
+ascertain.
+
+G.F.C.
+
+
+_Waltham-on-the-Wolds._--The curfew is still rung at
+Waltham-on-the-Wolds, Leicestershire, at five A.M., eight P.M. in
+summer, and at six A.M., seven P.M. in winter; the bell also tolling the
+day of the month.
+
+R.J.S.
+
+
+_Oxfordshire._--I see that NABOC's inquiry about the curfew is answered
+at p. 175. by a reference to the _Journal of the British Archĉological
+Association_. The list there is probably complete: but lest it should
+omit any, I may as well mention, from my own knowledge, Woodstock, Oxon,
+where it rings from eight to half-past eight in the evening, from
+October to March; Bampton and Witney, Oxon, and Stow, in Gloucester; at
+some of which places it is also rung at four in the morning.
+
+C.
+
+
+_Chertsey, Surrey._--In the town of Chertsey in Surrey, the curfew is
+regularly tolled for a certain time at eight every evening, but only
+through the winter months. There is also a curious, if not an uncommon,
+custom kept up with regard to it. After the conclusion of the curfew,
+and a pause of half a minute, the day of the month is tolled out: one
+stroke for the 1st, two for the 2nd, and so on.
+
+H.C. DE ST. CROIX.
+
+
+_Penrith._--The curfew bell continues to be rung at Penrith, in
+Cumberland, at eight o'clock in the evening, and is the signal for
+closing shops, &c.
+
+_Newcastle-upon-Tyne._--The curfew is still rung by all the churches of
+Newcastle-upon-Tyne at eight in the evening; and its original use may be
+said to be preserved to a considerable extent, for the greater bulk of
+the shops make it a signal for closing.
+
+G. BOUCHIER RICHARDSON.
+
+
+_Morpeth._--The curfew bell is still rung at eight P.M. at Morpeth in
+Northumberland.
+
+E.H.A.
+
+
+_Exeter._--The curfew is rung in Exeter Cathedral at eight P.M.
+
+The present practice is to toll the bell thirty strokes, and after a
+short interval to toll eight more; the latter, I presume, denoting the
+hour.
+
+G.T.
+
+
+_Winchester._--Curfew is still rung at Winchester.
+
+AN OLD COMMONER PREFECT.
+
+
+_Over, near Winsford, Cheshire._--The custom of ringing the curfew is
+still kept up at Over, near Winsford, Cheshire; and the parish church,
+St. Chads, is nightly visited for that purpose at eight o'clock. This
+bell is the signal amongst the farmers in the neighbourhood for "looking
+up" their cattle in the winter evenings; and was, before the
+establishment of a public clock in the tower of the Weaver Church at
+Winsford, considered the standard time by which to regulate their
+movements.
+
+A READER.
+
+
+    [We are indebted to the courtesy of the Editor of the _Liverpool
+    Albion_ for this Reply, which was originally communicated to
+    that paper.]
+
+
+_The Curfew_, of which some inquiries have appeared in the "NOTES AND
+QUERIES," is generally rung in the north of England. But then it is also
+common in the south of Scotland. I have heard it in Kelso, and other
+towns in Roxburghshire. The latter circumstance would appear to prove
+that it cannot have originated with the Norman conqueror, to whom it is
+attributed.
+
+W.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ENGELMANNS BIBLIOTHECA SCRIPTORUM CLASSICORUM.
+(Vol. ii., p. 296.)
+
+The shortest reply to MR. DE MORGAN'S complaint against a foreign
+bookseller would be, that _Engelmann himself_ printed for any of the
+purchasers of a large number of his Catalogues the titles to which MR.
+DE MORGAN objects so much.
+
+Will you allow me to add one or two remarks occasioned by MR. DE
+MORGAN'S strictures?
+
+1. Engelmann is not, strictly speaking, a bookseller, and his catalogues
+are not booksellers' catalogues in the sense in which that term is
+generally received here. He is a publisher and compiler (and an
+admirable one) of general classified catalogues for the use of the trade
+and of students, without any reference to his stock, or, in many
+instances, to the possibility of easily acquiring copies of the books
+enumerated: and although he _might_ execute an order from his
+catalogues, getting orders is _not_ the end for which _he_ publishes
+them.
+
+2. Some foreign houses in London, as well as in other countries, bought
+a large number of his Catalogues, not as a _book_ but as a _catalogue_,
+to be supplied to their customers at the bare cost, or, where it appears
+advisable, to be delivered gratis to purchasers of a certain amount.
+
+3. It appears to me pardonable if, under these circumstances, a notice
+is inserted on the title, that orders may be directed to the house which
+has purchased a number, and supplies them without any immediate profit;
+and I may add that I do {313} not believe any of the houses concerned
+would object to a notice being taken of such a proceeding in your paper.
+
+4. The error in omitting the words "from 1700" on the title-page, is one
+to which MR. DE MORGAN'S notice first directed my attention, classics
+printed before that date not being commonly in demand among foreign
+booksellers.
+
+5. The practice of compiling catalogues for general use, with the names
+of the purchasers of any number of copies of the catalogue inserted on
+the title or wrapper, is very common in Germany.
+
+Hinrichs of Leipsic issues--
+
+1. A Six-monthly Alphabetical Catalogue, with a systematic index;
+
+2. A Quarterly Catalogue, systematically arranged, with an alphabetical
+index;
+
+Vandenhoeck of Gottigen issues _half-yearly_--
+
+1. A Bibliotheca Medico-Chirurgica et Pharmaceuto-Chemica;
+
+2. A Bibliotheca Theologica, for Protestant theology;
+
+3. A Bibliotheca Classica et Philologica;
+
+4. A Bibliotheca Juridica;
+
+and Engelmann, from time to time, numerous general catalogues;--
+
+all of which are not only supplied to London houses, with English
+titles, but may be had all over Germany, with the firms of different
+booksellers inserted as publishers of the catalogue.
+
+Will you make use of the above in any way in which you may think it of
+advantage to your readers?
+
+ANOTHER FOREIGN BOOKSELLER.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+CROZIER AND PASTORAL STAFF.
+
+(Vol. ii., p. 248.)
+
+A correspondent inquires what was the difference between a crozier and a
+pastoral staff. The crozier (_Crocia_, Mediĉval Latin), Fr. _Crosse_,
+Ital. _Rocco Pastorale_, German. _Bischofstab_, is the ornamental staff
+used by archbishops and legates, and derives its name from the cross
+which surmounts it. A crozier behind a pall is borne on the primatial
+arms of Canterbury. The use of the crozier can only be traced back to
+the 12th century. _Cavendish_ mentions "two great crosses of silver,
+whereof one of them was for his archbishoprick and the other for his
+legatry, always before" Cardinal Wolsey. The fact did not escape Master
+_Roy_, who sings thus:--
+
+  "Before him rydeth two Prestes stronge,
+  And they beare two Crosses right longe,
+    Gapinge in every man's face."
+
+_Hall_ says that he removed from Whitehall "with one cross." In the
+Eastern Church patriarchs only have a crozier; a patriarch has two
+transverse bars upon his crozier, the Pope carries three.
+
+The pastoral staff was the ensign of bishops. Honorius describes it as
+in the form of a shepherd's crook, made of wood or bone, united by a
+ball of gold or crystal, the lower part of the staff being pointed.
+
+    "In Evangelio Dominus Apostolis prĉcepit, ut in prĉdcatione
+    nihil prĉter virgam tollerent. Et quià Episcopi pastores gregis
+    Dominici sunt, ideò baculum in custodiâ prĉferunt: per baculum,
+    quo infirmi sustentatur, auctoritas doctrinĉ designatur; per
+    virgam, quà improbi emendantur, potestas regiminis figuratur.
+    Baculum ergò Pontifices portant, ut infirmos in Fide per
+    doctrinam erigant. Virgam bajulant, ut per potestatem inquietos
+    corrigant: quĉ virga vel baculus est recurvus, ut aberrantes à
+    grege docendo ad poenitetiam trabat; in extremo est acutus, ut
+    rebelles excommunicando retrudat; hĉreticos, velut lupos, ab
+    ovili Christi potestativè exterreat."--_In Gemmâ Animĉ_, lib. i.
+    cap. 218, 219., _apud Hitterpium_.
+
+In its primitive form it appears to have been a staff shaped like a T,
+and used to lean upon. It was gradually lengthened, and in some cases
+was finished at the top like a mace. The pastoral staff is mentioned in
+the _Life of S. Cĉsarius of Arles_. Gough says that the pastoral staff
+found in the coffin of Grostete, Bp. of Lincoln, who died in 1254, was
+made of red wood ending in a rudely shaped ram's horn. It was inscribed:
+
+  "Per baculi formam
+  Prĉlati discite normam."
+
+In the first prayer-book of the Reformed English Church, 2 Edward VI.,
+at the time of the holy communion the bishop is directed to have "_his
+pastoral staff in his hand, or else borne by his chaplain_." It was used
+in solemn benedictions; and so lately as at the coronation of Queen
+Elizabeth. The second book of King Edward VI., published A.D. 1552,
+being revived in that reign, the use of the staff was discontinued, as
+we find by the consecration service of Archbishop Parker.
+
+    "Postq' hĉc dixissent, ad reliqua Communionis solemnia permit
+    Cicestren. nullu. Archie'po tradens Pastorale
+    baculum."--_Bramhall_, vol. iii. p. 205., Part i. Disc. 5. App.,
+    Oxon. 1844.
+
+A crozier was borne at the funerals of Brian Duppa, of Winton, A.D.
+1662; Juxon of London, 1663; Frewen of York, 1664; Wren of Ely, 1667;
+Cosin of Dunelm, 1671; Trelawney of Winton, 1721; Lindsay of Armagh,
+1724. It is engraven on the monuments of Goodrich of Ely, 1552; Magrath
+of Cashel, 1622; Hacket of Lichfield, 1670; Creggleton of Wells,
+Lamplugh of York, 1691; Sheldon, 1677; Hoadley of Winton, and Porteus of
+London. Their croziers (made of gilt metal) were suspended over the
+tombs of Morley, 1684, and Mews, 1706. The bishop's staff had its crook
+bent outwards to signify that his jurisdiction extended over his
+diocese; that of the abbot inwards, as his authority was limited to his
+house. The crozier of Matthew Wren was of silver {314} with the head
+gilt. When Bp. Fox's tomb was opened at Winchester some few years since,
+his staff of oak was found in perfect preservation. A staff of wood
+painted in azure and gilt, hangs over Trelawney's tomb in Pelynt Church,
+Cornwall. The superb staff of the pious and munificent founder of the
+two St. Marie Winton Colleges is still preserved at Oxford, as is also
+that of the illustrious Wykehamist, Bp. Fox, to whose devotion we owe
+Corpus Christi College in that university. One of the earliest tombs
+bearing a staff incised, is that of Abbot Vitalis, who died in 1082, and
+may be seen in the south cloister of St. Peter's Abbey in Westminster.
+There were croziered as well as mitred abbots: for instance, the
+superior of the Benedictine abbey at Bourges had a right to the crozier,
+but not to the mitre. The Abbot of Westminster was croziered and mitred.
+I intended to write a reply, but have enabled with a note.
+
+MACKENZIE WALCOTT, M.A.
+
+7. College Street, Westminster
+
+
+J.Z.P. will find a fully satisfactory answer to his Query, in regard to
+the real difference between the crozier and the pastoral staff, on
+referring to the article headed "Crozier," in the _Glossary of
+Architecture_. It is there stated, that "the crozier of an archbishop is
+surmounted by a cross; but it was only at a comparatively late time,
+about the 12th century, that the archbishop laid aside the pastoral
+staff, to assume the cross as an appropriate portion of his personal
+insignia." From which it may be inferred, that the only existent real
+difference between the crozier and the pastoral staff is, that the
+former is surmounted by a cross, and the latter is as it was before the
+12th century, viz., surmounted by "a head curled round something in the
+manner of a shepherd's crook;" and the difference in regard to their
+use, that the crozier pertains to the archbishops, and the pastoral
+staff to the bishops.
+
+R.W. ELLIOT
+
+Cheltenham, Sept. 16. 1850.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+PARSONS, THE STAFFORDSHIRE GIANT.
+
+(Vol. ii., p. 135.)
+
+Harwood's note in Erdeswick's _Staffordshire_, quoted by your
+correspondent C.H.B., is incorrect, inasmuch as the writer has confused
+the biographies of two distinct "giants"--WALTER PARSONS, porter to King
+James I., and WILLIAM EVANS, who filled the same office in the
+succeeding reign.
+
+The best account of these two "worthies" is that found in Fuller, and
+which I extract from the original edition now before me:--
+
+    WALTER PARSONS, born in this county [Staffordshire], was first
+    apprenticed to a smith, when he grew so tall in stature, that a
+    hole was made for him in the ground to stand therein up to the
+    knees, so to make him adequate with his fellow-workmen. He
+    afterwards was porter to King _James_; seeing as gates generally
+    are higher than the rest of the building, so it was sightly that
+    the porter should be taller than other persons. He was
+    proportionable in all parts, and had strength equal to height,
+    valour to his strength, temper to his valour, so that he
+    disdained to do an injury to any single person. He would make
+    nothing to take two of the tallest _yeomen_ of the _guard_ (like
+    the _Gizard_ and _Liver_) under his arms at once, and order them
+    as he pleased.
+
+    "Yet were his parents (for aught I do understand to the
+    contrary) but of an ordinary stature, whereat none will wonder
+    who have read what _St. Augustine_ (_De Civitate Dei_, lib. xv.
+    cap. 23.) reports of a woman which came to _Rome_ (a little
+    before the sacking thereof by the _Goths_), of so giant-like a
+    height, that she was far above all who saw her, though infinite
+    troopes came to behold the spectacle. And yet he addeth, _Et hoc
+    erat maximĉ admirationis, quod ambo parentes ejus, &c_. This
+    made men most admire, that both her parents were but of ordinary
+    stature. This _Parsons_ is produced for proof, that all ages
+    afford some of extraordinary height, and that there is no
+    general decay of mankind in their _dimensions_, which, if there
+    were, we had ere this time shrunk to be lower than _Pigmyes_,
+    not to instance in a lesse proportion. This _Parsons_ died Anno
+    Dom. 1620."--Fuller's _History of the Worthies of England_, 1662
+    (_Staffordshire_), p. 48.
+
+    "WILLIAM EVANS was born in this county [Monmouthshire], and may
+    justly be accounted the _Giant_ of our age for his stature,
+    being, full two yards and a half in height. He was porter to
+    King _Charles I._, succeeding, _Walter Persons_ [sic] in his
+    place, and exceeding him two inches in height, but far beneath
+    him in an equal proportion of body; for he was not onely what
+    the _Latines_ call _compernis_, knocking his knees together, and
+    going out squalling with his feet, but also haulted a little;
+    yet made a shift to dance in an antimask at court, where he drew
+    little Jeffrey, the dwarf, out of his pocket, first to the
+    wonder, then to the laughter, of the beholders. He dyed _Anno
+    Dom_. 1630." _Ibid. (Monmouthshire)_, p. 54.
+
+From these extracts it will be seen that the Christian name of Parsons
+was _Walter_, not William, as stated by Harwood. _William_ was the
+Christian name of Evans, Parsons' successor. The bas-relief mentioned by
+the same writer represents William Evans and Jeffrey Hudson, his
+diminutive fellow-servant. It is over the entrance of _Bull-head Court_,
+Newgate Street; not "a bagnio-court," which is nonsense. On the stone
+these words are cut: "The King's Porter, and the Dwarf," with the date
+1660. This bas-relief is engraved in Pennant.
+
+There is a picture of Queen Elizabeth's giant porter at Hampton Court
+but I am not aware that any portrait of Parsons is preserved in the
+Royal Collections.
+
+EDWARD F. RIMBAULT.
+
+       *       *       *       *       * {315}
+
+EISELL AND WORMWOOD WINE.
+
+(Vol. ii., p. 249.)
+
+If Pepys' friends actually did _drink up_ the two quarts of _wormwood
+wine_ which he gave them, it must, as LORD BRAYBROOKE suggests, have
+been rendered more palatable than the _propoma_ which was in use in
+Shakspeare's time. I have been furnished by a distinguished friend with
+the following, among other Notes, corroborative of my explanation of
+_eisell_:
+
+    "I have found no better recipe for making wormwood wine than
+    that given by old Langham in his _Garden of Health_; and as he
+    directs its use to be confined to 'Streine out a _little_
+    spoonful, and drinke it with a draught of ale or wine,' I think
+    it must have been so atrociously unpalatable, that to _drink it
+    up_, as Hamlet challenged Laertes to do, would have been as
+    strong an argumentum ad stomachum as to digest a crocodile, even
+    when appetised by a slice of the loaf."
+
+It is evident, therefore, that but small doses of this nauseously bitter
+medicament were taken at once, and to take a large draught, _to drink
+up_ a quantity, "would be an extreme pass of amorous demonstration
+sufficient, one would think, to have satisfied even Hamlet." Our
+ancestors seem to have been partial to medicated wines; and it is most
+probable that the wormwood wine Pepys gave his friends had only a slight
+infusion of the bitter principle; for we can hardly conceive that such
+"pottle draughts" as two quarts could be taken as a treat, of such a
+nostrum as the _Absinthites_, or wormwood wine, mentioned by Stuckius,
+or that prescribed by the worthy Langham.
+
+S.W. SINGER.
+
+Mickleham, Sept. 30. 1850.
+
+
+_Eisell_ (Vol. ii., p. 242.).--The attempt of your very learned
+correspondent, MR. SINGER, to show that "eisell" was _wormwood_, is, I
+fear, more ingenious than satisfactory. It is quite true that wormwood
+wine and beer were ordinary beverages, as wormwood bitters are now; but
+Hamlet would have done little in challenging Laertes to a draught of
+wormwood. As to "eisell," we have the following account of it in the
+"Via Recta ad Vitam longam, or a Plaine Philosophical Discourse of the
+Nature, Faculties, and Effects of all such Things as by way of
+Nourishments, and Dieteticale Observations make for the Preservation of
+Health, &c. &c. By Jo. Venner, Doctor of Physicke at Bathe in the Spring
+and Fall, and at other Times in the Burrough of North-Petherton, neere
+to the Ancient Haven Towne of Bridgewater in Somersetshire. London,
+1620."
+
+    "Eisell, or the vinegar which is made of cyder, is also a good
+    sauce, it is of a very penetrating nature and is like to
+    verjuice in operation, but it is not so astringent, nor
+    altogether so cold," p. 97.
+
+J.R.N.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES.
+
+
+_Feltham's Works_ (Vol. ii., p. 133.).--In addition to the works
+enumerated by E.N.W., Feltham wrote _A Discourse upon Ecclesiastes_ ii.
+11.; _A Discourse upon St. Luke_ xiv. 20.; and _A Form of Prayer
+composed for the Family of the Right Honourable the Countess of
+Thomond_. These two lists, I believe, comprise the whole of his
+writings. The meaning of the passage in his _Remarks on the Low
+Countries_, appears to be this, that a person "courtly or gentle" would
+receive as little kindness from the inhabitants, and show as great a
+contrast to their boorishness, as the handsome and docile merlin (which
+is the smallest of the falcon tribe, anciently denominated "noble"),
+among a crowd of noisy, cunning, thievish crows; neither remarkable for
+their beauty nor their politeness. The words "after Michaelmas" are used
+because "the merlin does not breed here, but visits us in October."
+_Bewick's British Birds_, vol. i. p. 43.
+
+T.H. KERSLEY.
+
+King William's College, Isle of Man.
+
+
+_Harefinder_ (Vol. ii., p. 216.).--The following lines from Drayton's
+_Polyolbion_, Song 23., sufficiently illustrates this term:--
+
+  "The man whose vacant mind prepares him to the sport
+  The _Finder_ sendeth out, to seeke out nimble _Wat_,--
+  Which crosseth in the field, each furlong every flat,
+  Till he this pretty beast upon the form hath found:
+  Then viewing for the course which is the fairest ground,
+  The greyhounds forth are brought, for coursing then in case,
+  And, choycely in the slip, one leading forth a brace;
+  The Finder puts her up, and gives her coursers' law,"
+  &c.
+
+In the margin, at the second line, are the words, _The Harefinder_. What
+other instances are there of _Wat_, as a name of the hare? It does not
+occur in the very curious list in the _Reliquiĉ Antiquĉ_, i. 133.
+
+K.
+
+
+_Fool or a Physician--Rising and Setting Sun_ (Vol. i., p. 157.).--The
+inquiry of your correspondent C. FORBES, respecting the authorship of
+the two well-known sayings on these subjects, seems to have received no
+reply. He thinks that we owe them both to that "imperial Macchiavel,
+Tiberius." He is right with respect to the one, and wrong with regard to
+the other. The saying, "that a man after thirty must be either a fool or
+a physician," had, as it appears, its origin from Tiberius; but the
+observation that "more worship the rising than the setting sun," is to
+be attributed to Pompey.
+
+Tacitus says of Tiberius, that he was "solitus eludere medicorum artes,
+atque eos qui post tricesimum ĉtatis annum ad internoscenda corpori
+{316} suo utilia vel noxia alieni consilia indigerent." _Annal_. vi. 46.
+Suetonius says: "Valetudine prosperrimâ usus est,--quamvis a tricesimo
+ĉtatis anno arbitratu eam suo rexerit, sine adjumento consiliove
+medicorum." _Tib._ c. 68. And Plutarch, in his precepts _de Valetudine
+tuendâ_, c. 49., says--
+
+    [Greek: "Aekousa Tiberion pote Kaisara eipein, hos anaer huper
+    hexaekonta [sic vulgò, sed bene corrigit Lipsius ad Tac. loc.
+    cit. triakonta] gegonos etae, kai proteinon iatro cheira,
+    katagelastos estin."]
+
+These passages sufficiently indicate the origin of the saying; but who
+first gave it the pointed form in which we now have it, by coupling
+_fool_ with _physician_, I am not able to tell.
+
+The authority for giving the other saying to Pompey, is Plutarch, who
+says that when Pompey, after his return from Africa, applied to the
+senate for the honour of a triumph, he was opposed by Sylla, to whom he
+observed, [Greek: "Oti ton aelion anatellonta pleiones ae duomenon
+proskunousin,"] that more worship the rising than the setting
+sun--intimating that his own power was increasing, and that of Sylla
+verging to its fall. (_Vit. Pomp_. c. 22.)
+
+J.S.W.
+
+Stockwell, Sept. 7.
+
+
+_Papers of Perjury_ (Vol. ii., p. 182.).--In the absence of a "graphic
+account," it may interest your correspondent S.R. to be referred to the
+two following instances of "perjurers wearing papers denoting their
+crime." In _Machyn's Diary_, edited by the accomplished antiquary, John
+Gough Nichols, Esq., and published by the Camden Society, at p. 104.
+occurs the following:--
+
+    "A.D. 1556, April 28th.... The sam day was sett on the pelere in
+    Chepe iij. [men; two] was for the preuerment of wyllfull
+    perjure, the iij. was for wyllfull perjure, with _paper sett
+    over their hedes_."
+
+In the same works at p. 250., we have also this additional illustration:
+
+    "A.D. 1560--I. The xij. day of Feybruary xj. men of the North was
+    of a quest; because they gayff a wrong evyde [nee, and] thay
+    ware paper _a-pon their hedes_ for perjure."
+
+J. GOODWIN.
+
+Birmingham.
+
+
+_Pilgrims' Road to Canterbury._--Being acquainted with the road to which
+your correspondent S.H. (Vol. ii., p. 237.) alludes, he will, perhaps,
+allow me to say, that in the neighbourhood of Kemsing a tradition is
+current, that a certain line of road, which may be traced from Otford to
+Wrotham, was the pilgrims' road from _Winchester_ to Canterbury. How far
+this may be correct I know not.
+
+I have not been able to discover any road in the neighbourhood of this
+city which goes by the name of the _pilgrims'_ road.
+
+If any of your correspondents would furnish any particulars respecting
+this road, I shall feel much obliged.
+
+R.V.
+
+Winchester.
+
+
+_Capture of Henry VI._ (Vol. ii., p. 228.).--In his correction of your
+correspondent, CLERICUS CRAVENSIS, MR. NICHOLS states:--
+
+    "Both Sir John Tempest and Sir James Harrington of Brierley,
+    near Barnesley, were concerned in the king's capture, and each
+    received 100 marks reward; but the fact of Sir Thomas Talbot
+    being the chief actor, is shown by his having received the
+    larger reward of 100l."
+
+In this statement appears entirely to have been overlooked the grant of
+lands made by King Edward IV. to Sir James Harrington--
+
+    "For his services in taking prisoner, and withholding as such in
+    diligence and valour, his enemy Henry, lately called King Henry
+    VI."
+
+This grant, which was confirmed in Parliament, embraced the castle,
+manor, and domain of Thurland; a park, called Fayzet Whayte Park, with
+lands, &c. in six townships in the county of Lancaster; lands at Burton
+in Lonsdale, co. York; and Holme, in Kendal, co. Westmoreland, the
+forfeited lands of Sir Richard Tunstell, and other "rebels." So
+considerable a recognition of the services of Sir James Harrington would
+seem to demand something more than the second-rate position given to
+them by your correspondent. The order to give Sir James Harrington
+possession of the lands under his grant will be found in Rymer. The
+grant itself is printed in the _Nugĉ Antiquĉ_, by Henry Harrington, 1775
+(vol. ii. p. 121.), and will, I believe, be found in Baines'
+_Lancashire_. Mr. Henry Harrington observes that the lands were
+afterwards lost to his family by the misfortune of Sir James and his
+brother being on the wrong side at Bosworth Field; after which they were
+both attainted for serving Richard III. and Edward IV., "and commanding
+the party which seized Henry VI. and conducted him to the Tower."
+
+H.K.S.C.
+
+Brixton.
+
+
+_Andrew Becket_ (Vol. ii., p. 266.), about whom A.W. HAMMOND inquires,
+when I knew him, about twelve years ago, was a strange whimsical old
+gentleman, full of "odd crotchets," and abounding in theatrical anecdote
+and the "gossip of the green-room." But as to his ever having been "a
+_profound_ commentator on the dramatic works of Shakspeare," I must beg
+leave to express my doubts. At one period he filled the post of
+sublibrarian to the Prince Regent; and that he was "ardently devoted to
+the pursuits of literature" cannot be a question.
+
+His published works, as far as I can learn, are as follows:-- {317}
+
+    1. A Trip to Holland, 1801.
+
+    2. Socrates, a dramatic poem, 8vo. 1806.
+
+    3. Lucianus Redivivus, or Dialogues concerning Men, Manners, and
+    Opinions, 8vo. 1812.
+
+    4. Shakspeare's Himself, or the Language of the Poet asserted;
+    being a full but dispassionate Examin of the Readings and
+    Interpretations of the several Editors, 2 vols. 8vo. 1815.
+
+EDWARD F. RIMBAULT.
+
+
+_Passage in Vida_ (Vol. i., p. 384.).--Your correspondent A.W. asks for
+some light on the lines of Vida, _Christiad_, i. 67.:
+
+  "Quin age, te incolumi potius....
+  ...
+  Perficias quodcumque tibi nunc instat agendum."
+
+He cannot construe "te incolumi." No wonder. Will not all be set right
+by reading, "Quin age, et incolumi," &c.?
+
+J.S.W.
+
+Stockwell, Sept. 7.
+
+
+"_Quem Deus vult perdere_" (Vol. i., p. 347., &c.).--To the
+illustrations of the saying "_Quem Deus vult perdere prius dementat_,"
+which have been given, may be added the following from the _Fragments of
+Constantinus Manasses_ (edited with _Nicet. Eugen_., by Boissonade.
+Paris, 1819), book viii. line 40.:--
+
+  [Greek: "Ho gar theos aptomenos anthropou dianoias
+  Haenika to dusdaimoni kirnaesi penthous poma,
+  Ouden pollakis sugchorei bouleusasthai sumpheron."]
+
+J.E.B. MAYOR.
+
+Marlborough College.
+
+
+_Countess of Desmond_ (Vol. ii., pp. 153. 186.).--R. is referred to
+Smith's _History of Cork_, and _European Magazine_, vol. viii., for
+particulars respecting the Countess of Desmond. They show her picture at
+Knowle House, Kent, or Penshurst (I forget which); and tell the story of
+the fall from the cherry (or plum) tree, adding that she cut three sets
+of teeth!
+
+WEDSECNARF.
+
+
+_Confession_ (Vol. ii., p. 296.).--The name asked for by U.J.B. of the
+Catholic priest, who, sooner than break the seal of confession, suffered
+death, is John of Nepomuc, Canon of Prague. By order of the Emperor
+Wenceslas, he was thrown off a bridge into the Muldaw, because he would
+not tell that profligate prince the confession of his religious empress.
+This holy man is honoured as St. John Nepomucen on the 16th of May, in
+the kalendar of Saints.
+
+D. ROCK.
+
+
+    [U.J.B., if desirous of further particulars respecting St. John
+    Nepomuc, may consult Mrs. Jameson's interesting _Legends of the
+    Monastic Orders_, pp. 214. 217.--ED.]
+
+
+_Cavell, meaning of_ (Vol. i., p. 473.).--I concur entirely with the
+etymology of the word _cavell_ given at p. 473. A lake having been
+drained in my country, the land is still divided into _Kavelingen_; as
+lots of land were formerly measured by strings of cord, _kavel_,
+_kabel_, _cable_. Vide Tuinman _Trakkel_, d. n. t. p. 165. _Kavelloten_
+is to receive a cavell by _lot._ cf. _Idem, Verrolg_, p. 97.
+
+JANUS DOUSA.
+
+
+_Lord Kingsborough's Antiquities of Mexico._--Has Lord Kingsborough's
+splendid work on Mexican hieroglyphics ever been completed or not?
+
+J.A. GILES.
+
+
+    [This magnificent work has been recently completed by the
+    publication of the eighth volume, which may, we believe, be
+    procured from Mr. Henry Bohn.--ED.]
+
+
+_Aërostation_ (Vol. ii., p. 199.).--The article BALLOON, in the _Penny
+Cyclopĉdia_, would give C.B.M. a good many references. The early works
+there mentioned are those of Faujas de St. Fond, Bourgeois, and Cavallo;
+to which I add the following: Thomas Baldwin, _Airopaidia, containing
+the Narrative of a Balloon Excursion from Chester, Sept_. 8. 1785.
+Chester, 1786, 8vo. (pp. 360.).
+
+Vincent Lunardi published the account of his voyage (the first made in
+England) in a series of letters to a friend. The title is torn out in my
+copy. The first page begins, "An Account of the First Aërial Voyage in
+England. Letter I. London, July 15. 1784." (8vo. pp. 66 + ii. with a
+plate.) It ends with a poetical epistle to Lunardi by "a gentleman well
+known in the literary world" (query, the same who is thus cited in our
+day?) from which the following extracts are taken as a specimen of the
+original balloon jokes:--
+
+  "The multitude scarcely believed that a man,
+  With his senses about him could form such a plan,
+  And thought that as Bedlam was so very nigh,
+  You had better been there than turned loose in the sky.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+  "In their own way of thinking, all felt and all reasoned,
+  Greedy aldermen judged that your flight was ill-seasoned,
+  That you'd better have taken a good dinner first,
+  Nor have pinched your poor stomach by hunger or thirst.
+
+  "In perfect indifference the beau yawned a blessing,
+  And feared before night that your hair would want dressing;
+  But the ladies, all zeal, sent their wishes in air,
+  For a man of such spirit is ever their care.
+
+  "Attornies were puzzled how now they could sue you,
+  Underwriters, what premium they'd now take to do you;
+  While the sallow-faced Jew, of his monies so fond,
+  Thanked Moses he never had taken your bond."
+
+Mr. Baldwin ascended in Lunardi's balloon, the latter being present at
+the start, though not taking part in the voyage.
+
+M.
+
+
+_Concolinel_ (Vol. ii., p. 217.).--I have been many years engaged in
+researches connected with {318} the _original_ music of Shakspeare's
+Plays, but it has not been my good fortune to meet with the air of
+_Concolinel_. The communication of your correspondent R. is of the
+greatest interest, and I should be for ever grateful if he would allow
+me to see the manuscript in question, in order that I might test the
+_genuineness_ of the air "stated, in a recent hand, to be the tune of
+_Concolinel_ mentioned by Shakspeare."
+
+This air has double claims on our attention, as its existence, in any
+shape, is placed amongst the "doubtful" points by the following note
+extracted from the Rev. J. Hunter's _New Illustrations of Shakspeare_,
+vol. i. p. 268.:--
+
+    "Concolinel. In the absence of any thing like sufficient
+    explanation or justification of this word, if word it is, I will
+    venture to suggest the possibility that it is a corruption of a
+    stage direction, _Cantat Ital._, for _Cantat Italicé_; meaning
+    that here Moth sings an Italian song. It is quite evident, from
+    what Armado says, when the song was ended, 'Sweet air!' that a
+    song of some sort was sung, and one which Shakespeare was
+    pleased with, and meant to praise. If Moth's song had been an
+    English song, it would have been found in its place as the other
+    songs are."
+
+I, for one, cannot subscribe to Mr. Hunter's suggestion that our great
+poet intended an _Italian_ song to be sung in his play and for this
+reason, that Italian music for a _single voice_ was almost unknown in
+this country in 1597, at which date we know _Love's Labour's Lost_ was
+in existence. Surely _Concolinel_ is just as likely to be the burden of
+a song as _Calen o Custure me_, mentioned in _Henry the Fifth_ (Act iv.
+sc. 4.), of which there is now no doubt.
+
+I may just mention, in passing, that I have discovered the air of _Calen
+o Custure me_ in a manuscript that once belonged to Queen Elizabeth, and
+have ample proof that it was an especial favourite with her maiden
+majesty. The commentators were at fault when they pointed out the more
+modern tune of the same name in Playford's _Musical Companion_, 1667.
+
+EDWARD F. RIMBAULT.
+
+S. Augustus Square, Regent's Park.
+
+
+_Andrewes's Tortura Torti_ (Vol. ii., p. 295.).--On what forms Mr.
+Bliss's third quotation, which _does_ appear in some shape in Bernard,
+_De Consid. ad Eugen._, iii. 4. 18., the _Bibliotheca Juridica_, &c., of
+Ferraris observes, under the head of _Dispensatio_: "Hinc dispensatio
+sine justa causa non dispensatio sed dissipatio dicitur communiter a
+doctoribus, ut observant et tenent Sperell;" then referring to several
+Romish canonists, &c., the last being Reiffenstuel, lib. i., _Decretal_,
+tit. 2., n. 450., of which I give the full reference, his volumes being
+accessible in the British Museum, if not elsewhere.
+
+NOVUS.
+
+
+_Swords worn in Public_ (Vol. ii., p. 218.)--A very respected and old
+friend of mine, now deceased, used to relate that he had often seen the
+celebrated Wilkes, of political notoriety, walking in the public
+streets, dressed in what is usually termed court dress, wearing his
+sword. Wilkes died in 1797. In connexion with this subject it may be
+interesting to your readers to know that in 1701 it was found necessary
+to prohibit footmen wearing swords. An order was issued by the Earl
+Marshal in that year, declaring that--
+
+    "Whereas many mischiefs and dangerous accidents, tending not
+    onely to the highest breach of the peace, but also to the
+    destruction of the lives of his Ma'ties subjects, have happend
+    and been occasioned by Footmen wearing of Swords, for the
+    prevention of the like evill accidents and disturbance for the
+    future, I doe hereby order that no Foot-man attending any of the
+    Nobilitye or Gentry of his Ma'ties Realms, during such time as
+    they or any of them shall reside or bee within the Cities of
+    London or Westm'r, and the Liberties and Precincts of the same,
+    shall wear any Sword, Hanger, Bagonet, or other such like
+    offensive weapon, as they will answer the Contempt hereof."
+    Dated 30th Dec. 1701.
+
+F.E.
+
+
+_Speech given to Man to conceal his Thoughts_ (Vol. i., p. 83.).--The
+maxim quoted by your correspondent F.R.A. was invented, if I may rely
+upon the _notebook_ of memory, by the Florentine Machiavelli. The German
+writer Ludwig Börne says:--
+
+    "Macchiavelli, der die Freiheit liebte, schrieb seinem Prinzen
+    so, dass er alle rechtschaffenen Psychologen in Verlegenheit und
+    in solche Verwirrung gebracht, dass sie gar nicht mehr wussten,
+    was sie sprachen und sie behaupteten, Macchiavelli habe eine
+    politische Satyre geschrieben."
+
+Le style c'est l'homme!
+
+JANUS DOUSA.
+
+
+_The Character "&,", and Meaning of "Parse"_ (Vol. ii., pp. 230.
+284.).--This character, being different from any of the twenty-four
+letters, was placed at the end of the alphabet, and children, after
+repeating their letters, were taught to indicate this symbol as
+_and-per-se-and_. Instead of spelling the word _and_, as composed of
+three letters, it was denoted by a special symbol, which was "_and by
+itself, and_." Hence the corruption, an _ampussy and_.
+
+The word _parse_ is also derived from the Latin _per se_. To _parse_ a
+sentence is to take the words _per se_, and to explain their grammatical
+form and etymology.
+
+L.
+
+
+_Wife of Edward the Outlaw_ (Vol. ii., p. 279.).--With reference to the
+Query of E.H.Y. (Vol. ii., p. 279.), there seems to be much confusion in
+all the accounts of Edward's marriage. I think it is evident, from an
+attentive consideration of the various authorities, that the Lady Agatha
+was {319} either sister to Giselle, wife of _Stephen_, King of Hungary
+(to whom the young princes must have been sent, as _he_ reigned from
+A.D. 1000 till A.D. 1038), and sister also to the Emperor Henry II., or,
+as some writers seem to think, she was the daughter of Bruno, that
+emperor's brother. (See a note in Dr. Lingard's _History_, vol. i. p.
+349.)
+
+That she was not the _daughter_ of either Henry II., Henry III., or
+Henry IV., is very certain; in the first case, for the reason stated by
+your correspondent; and in the second, because Henry III. was only
+twelve years old when he succeeded his father Conrad II. (in the year
+1039), which of course puts his son Henry IV. quite out of the question,
+who was born A.D. 1049. It strikes me (and perhaps some of your
+correspondents will correct me if I am wrong) that the two English
+princes _may_ have respectively married the two ladies to whom I have
+referred, and that hence may have arisen the discrepancies in the
+different histories: but that the wife of Edward the Outlaw was _one_ of
+these two I have no doubt.
+
+O.P.Q.
+
+
+_Translations of the Scriptures_ (Vol. ii., p. 229.).--C.F.S. may
+perhaps find _The Bible of every Land_, now publishing by Messrs.
+Bagster, serviceable in his inquiries respecting Roman Catholic
+translations of the Scriptures. The saying of the Duke of Lancaster is
+found in the first edition of Foxe's _Acts and Monuments_, and in the
+modern reprint, iv. 674.; the original of the treatise from which it is
+taken being in C.C. College, Cambridge. (See Nasmith's _Catalogue_, p.
+333.)
+
+NOVUS.
+
+
+_Scalping_ (Vol. ii., p. 220.).--W.B.D. confounds beheading with
+scalping. In the American war many British soldiers, it was said, walked
+about without their _scalps_, but not without their heads.
+
+SANDVICENSIS.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+MISCELLANEOUS.
+
+NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC.
+
+No one branch of antiquarian study has been pursued with greater success
+during the last few years than that of Gothic Architecture; and, to this
+success, no single work has contributed in any proportion equal to that
+of the _Glossary of Terms used in Grecian, Roman, Italian, and Gothic
+Architecture_. Since the year 1836, in which this work first appeared,
+no fewer than four large editions, each an improvement upon its
+predecessor, have been called for and exhausted. The fifth edition is
+now before us; and, we have no doubt, will meet, as it deserves, the
+same extended patronage and success. When we announce that in this fifth
+edition the text has been considerably augmented by the enlargement of
+many of the old articles, as well as by the addition of many new ones,
+among which Professor Willis has embodied a great part of his
+_Architectural Nomenclature of the Middle Ages_; that the number of
+woodcuts has been increased from eleven hundred to seventeen hundred;
+and lastly, that the Index has been rendered far more complete, by
+including in it the names of places mentioned, and the foreign synonyms;
+we have done more to show its increased value than any mere words of
+commendation would express. While the only omission that has been made,
+namely, that of the utensils and ornaments of the Mediĉval Church (with
+the exception of the few such as altars, credences, piscinas, and
+sedilias, which belong to architectural structure and decoration), is a
+portion of the work which all must admit to have been foreign to a
+Glossary of Architectural Terms, and must therefore agree to have been
+wisely and properly left out. The work in its present form is, we
+believe, unequalled in the architectural literature of Europe, for the
+amount of accurate information which it furnishes, and the beauty of its
+illustrations; and as such, therefore, does the highest credit both to
+its editor and to its publisher; if, indeed, the editor and publisher be
+not identical.
+
+Mr. L.A. Lewis, of 125. Fleet Street, has commenced a series of weekly
+Book Sales, to take place every Friday during the months of October and
+November, and has arranged that parties sending large or small parcels
+of books for sale during the one week, may have them sold on the Friday
+in the week following.
+
+We have received the following Catalogues:--Bernard Quaritch's (16.
+Castle Street, Leicester Square) Catalogue No. 19. for 1850 of Oriental
+Literature, Manuscripts, Theology, Classics, &c.; John Miller's (43.
+Chandos Street) Catalogue No. 12. for 1850 of History, Antiquities,
+Heraldry, &c., and Conchology, Geology, and other popular Sciences.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES
+
+WANTED TO PURCHASE.
+
+An early Edition of the HISTORY OF JACK AND THE GIANTS.
+
+Odd Volumes
+
+TURNER'S SACRED HISTORY. Vol. III. First Edition, 8vo.
+
+Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, to be
+sent to Mr. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS.
+
+VOLUME THE FIRST OF NOTES AND QUERIES, _with Title-page and very copious
+Index, is now ready, price 9s. 6d., bound in cloth, and may be had, by
+order, of all Booksellers and Newsmen_.
+
+_The Monthly Part for September, being the Fourth of Vol. II., is also
+now ready, price 1s._
+
+NOTES AND QUERIES _may be procured by the Trade at noon on Friday: so
+that our country Subscribers ought to experience no difficulty in
+receiving it regularly. Many of the country Booksellers are probably not
+yet aware of this arrangement, which enables them to receive Copies in
+their Saturday parcels_.
+
+_As the Suggestion we threw out in our last week's Paper of publishing
+an extra Number for the purpose of clearing off our accumulation of
+REPLIES, seems to have given general satisfaction, we shall, on Saturday
+next, issue a Double Number, to be devoted chiefly, if not entirely, to
+REPLIES._
+
+       *       *       *       *       * {320}
+
+THE QUARTERLY REVIEW,
+No. CLXXIV., is published THIS DAY.
+
+CONTENTS
+
+I. TICKNOR'S HISTORY OF SPANISH LITERATURE.
+II. CHURCH AND EDUCATION IN WALES.
+III. FORMS OF SALUTATION.
+IV. SIBERIA AND CALIFORNIA.
+V. MURE ON THE LITERATURE OF GREECE.
+VI. METROPOLITAN WATER SUPPLY.
+VII. ANECDOTES OF THE PROVISIONAL GOVERNMENT.
+VIII. COCHRANE'S YOUNG ITALY.
+IX. LAST DAYS OF LOUIS-PHILIPPE.
+
+JOHN MURRAY, Albemarle Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Published this day Saturday, October 12th,
+
+KNIGHT'S PICTORIAL SHAKSPEARE.
+The NATIONAL EDITION. Part 1., containing THE
+TWO GENTLEMEN OF VERONA, with Forty Illustrations, Price 1s.
+
+London: CHARLES KNIGHT, 90. Fleet Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+KNIGHT'S CYCLOPĈDIA OF THE INDUSTRY
+OF ALL NATIONS. Number I., price 2d.
+
+KNIGHT'S CYCLOPĈDIA OF LONDON.
+Number 1., price 2d. The above will be published on Saturday,
+November 2, and continued Weekly.
+
+London: CHARLES KNIGHT, 90. Fleet Street.
+
+And sold by all Booksellers in Town and Country.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+INDIA OVERLAND MAIL.--DIORAMA. GALLERY OF ILLUSTRATION, 14. Regent
+Street, Waterloo Place.--A Gigantic MOVING DIORAMA of the ROUTE of the
+OVERLAND MAIL to INDIA, exhibiting the following Places, viz.
+Southampton Docks, Isle of Wight, Osbourne, the Needles, the Bay of
+Biscay, the Berlings, Cintra, the Tagus, Cape Trafalgar, Tarifa,
+Gibraltar, Algiers, Malta, Alexandria, Cairo, the Desert of Suez, the
+Central Station, Suez, the Red Sea, Aden, Ceylon, Madras, and
+Calcutta--is now OPEN DAILY.--Mornings at Twelve; Afternoons at Three;
+and Evenings at Eight.--Admission, 1s.; Stalls, 2s. 6d.; Reserved Seats,
+3s. Doors open half an hour before each Representation.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+On the 1st of October, No. 12, price 5s., published Quarterly,
+
+THE JOURNAL OF SACRED LITERATURE.
+Edited by JOHN KITTO, D.D., F.S.A.
+
+CONTENTS.
+Genesis and Geology.
+The Bible and Josephus.
+On the Authorship of the Acts of the Apostles.
+Jewish Commentaries on Isaiah.
+Voices of the Night.
+On the Literal Interpretation of Prophecy.
+Ramathaim Zephim and Rachel's Sepulchre.
+The Life of Hugh Heugh, D.D.
+Reconsidered Texts.
+Miscellanea.
+
+Correspondence.--Notices of Books.--Biblical Intelligence--List of
+Publications.
+
+London: SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, and CO., Stationer's Hall Court. Edinburgh:
+OLIVER and BOYD. Dublin: J. ROBERTSON, Grafton Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Second Edition, with illustrations, 12mo., 3s. cloth.
+
+THE BELL; its Origin, History, and Uses.
+By the Rev. ALFRED GATTY, Vicar of Ecclesfield.
+
+"A new and revised edition of a very varied, learned, and amusing essay
+on the subject of bells."--_Spectator_.
+
+GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+JOURNAL FRANCAIS, publié à Londres.--Le COURRIER de l'EUROPE, fondé en
+1840 paraissant le Samedi, donne dans chaque numéro les nouvelles de la
+semaine, les meilleurs articles de tous les journaux de Paris, la
+Semaine Dramatique par Th. Gautier ou J. Janin, la Révue de Paris par
+Pierre Durand, et reproduit en entier les romans, nouvelles, etc., en
+vogue par les premiers écrivains de France. Prix 6d.
+
+London: JOSEPH THOMAS, 1. Finch Lane.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+IMPORTANT TO AUTHORS.--Gentlemen about to PRINT and PUBLISH either BOOKS
+or PAMPHLETS, will save nearly ONE HALF by employing HOPE & CO.,
+Publishers, 16. Great Marlborough Street. A Specimen Pamphlet of
+Bookwork, with Prices, a complete Author's Guide, sent post free for 4d.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+MEMOIRS OF MUSICK. By the Hon. ROGER NORTH, Attorney-General to James I.
+Now first printed from the original MS. and edited, with copious Notes,
+by EDWARD F. RIMBAULT, LL.D., F.S.A., &c. &c. Quarto; with a Portrait;
+handsomely printed in 4to.; half-bound in morocco, 15s.
+
+This interesting MS., so frequently alluded to by Dr. Burney in the
+course of his "History of Music," has been kindly placed at the disposal
+of the Council of the Musical Antiquarian Society, by George Townshend
+Smith, Esq., Organist of Hereford Cathedral. But the Council, not
+feeling authorised to commence a series of literary publications, yet
+impressed with the value of the work, have suggested its independent
+publication to their Secretary, Dr. Rimbault, under whose editorial care
+it accordingly appears.
+
+It abounds with interesting Musical Anecdotes; the Greek Fables
+respecting the origin of Music; the rise and progress of Musical
+Instruments; the early Musical Drama; the origin of our present
+fashionable Concerts; the first performance of the Beggar's Opera, &c.
+
+A limited number having been printed, few copies remain for sale: unsold
+copies will shortly be raised in price to 1l. 10s. 6d.
+
+Folio, price 30s.
+
+THE CHORAL RESPONSES AND LITANIES
+OF THE UNITED CHURCH OF ENGLAND
+AND IRELAND. Collected from Authentic Sources. By the
+Rev. JOHN JEBB, A.M., Rector of Peterstow.
+
+The present Work contains a full collection of the harmonized
+compositions of ancient date, including nine sets of pieces and
+responses, and fifteen litanies, with a few of the more ancient Psalm
+Chants. They are given in full score, and in their proper cliffs. In the
+upper part, however, the treble is substituted for the "cantus" or
+"medius" cliff: and the whole work is so arranged as to suit the library
+of the musical student, and to be fit for use in the Choir.
+
+London: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Just Published, Octavo Edition, plain, 15s., Quarto Edition, having the
+Plates of the Tesselated Pavements all coloured, 1l. 5s.
+
+REMAINS of ROMAN ART in Cirencester, the Site of Ancient Corinium;
+containing Plates by De la Motte, of the magnificent Tesselated
+Pavements discovered in August and September, 1849, with copies of the
+grand Heads of Ceres, Flora, and Pomona; reduced by the Talbotype from
+facsimile tracings of the original; together with various other plates
+and numerous wood engravings.
+
+In the Quarto edition the folding of the plates necessary for the
+smaller volume is avoided.
+
+"These heads (Ceres, Flora, and Pomona) are of a high order of art, and
+Mr. De la Motte, by means of the Talbotype, has so successfully reduced
+them that the engravings are perfect facsimiles of the originals. They
+are, perhaps, the best of the kind, every tessella apparently being
+represented.
+
+"Our authors have very advantageously brought to their task a knowledge
+of geology and chemistry, and the important aid which an application of
+these sciences confers on archĉology, is strikingly shown in the chapter
+on the materials of the tessellĉ, which also includes a valuable report
+by Dr. VOELCKER, on an analysis of ruby glass, which formed part of the
+composition of one of the Cirencester pavements. This portion of the
+volume is too elaborate and circumstantial for any justice to be done to
+it in an extract."--_Gentleman's Mag., Sept._
+
+London: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5. New
+Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride in the City of London; and
+published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish of St.
+Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet
+Street aforesaid.--Saturday, October 12. 1850.
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes & Queries, No. 50. Saturday,
+October 12, 1850, by Various
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES & QUERIES, NO. 50. ***
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+<pre>
+
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes & Queries, No. 50. Saturday, October
+12, 1850, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Notes & Queries, No. 50. Saturday, October 12, 1850
+       A Medium Of Inter-Communication For Literary Men, Artists,
+              Antiquaries, Genealogists, Etc.
+              
+
+Author: Various
+
+Release Date: September 28, 2004 [EBook #13551]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES & QUERIES, NO. 50. ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Jon Ingram, David King, the PG Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team, and The Internet Library of Early Journals
+
+
+
+
+
+
+</pre>
+
+<span class="pagenum"><a id="page305" name=
+"page305"></a>{305}</span>
+<h1>NOTES AND QUERIES:</h1>
+<h2>A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS,
+ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC.</h2>
+<hr />
+<h3><b>"When found, make a note of."</b>&mdash;CAPTAIN CUTTLE.</h3>
+<hr class="full" />
+<table summary="masthead" width="100%">
+<tr>
+<td align="left" width="25%"><b>No. 50.</b></td>
+<td align="center" width="50%"><b>SATURDAY, OCTOBER 12,
+1850</b></td>
+<td align="right" width="25%"><b>Price Threepence.<br />
+Stamped Edition 4d.</b></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>CONTENTS</h2>
+<table summary="Contents" align="center">
+<tr>
+<td align="left">NOTES:&mdash;</td>
+<td align="right">Page</td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">A Note on "Small Words"</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page305">305</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Gray's Elegy, by Bolton Corney</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page306">306</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Gray's Elegy in Portuguese</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page306">306</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Further Notes on the Authorship of Henry
+VIII.</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page306">306</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Queen Elizabeth and Sir Henry Nevill, by Lord
+Braybrooke</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page307">307</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Minor
+Notes:&mdash;Whales&mdash;Bookbinding&mdash;Scott's
+Waverley&mdash;Satyayrata</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page307">307</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">QUERIES:&mdash;</td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">The Black Rood of Scotland</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page308">308</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Minor Queries:&mdash;Trogus
+Pompeius&mdash;Mortuary Stanzas&mdash;Laird of
+Grant&mdash;Bastille, Records of,&mdash;Orkney under
+Norwegians&mdash;Swift's Works&mdash;Pride of the
+Morning&mdash;Bishop Durdent and the Staffordshire
+Historians&mdash;Pope and Bishop Burgess&mdash;Daniel's Irish New
+Testament&mdash;Ale Draper&mdash;Eugene Aram&mdash;Latin
+Epigram&mdash;Couplet in Defoe&mdash;Books wanted to refer
+to&mdash;Watermarks in Writing-paper&mdash;Puzzling
+Epitaph&mdash;Cornish MSS.&mdash;Bilderdijk the Poet&mdash;Egyptian
+MSS.&mdash;Scandinavian Priesthood&mdash;Thomas Volusemus</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page309">309</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">REPLIES:&mdash;</td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Curfew</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page311">311</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Engelmann's Bibliotheca Scriptorum
+Classicorum</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page312">312</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Crozier and Pastoral Staff, by Rev. M.
+Walcott</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page313">313</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Parsons, the Staffordshire Giant, by E.F.
+Rimbault, L.L.D.</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page314">314</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Wormwood Wine, by S.W. Singer, &amp;c.</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page315">315</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Replies to Minor Queries:&mdash;Feltham's
+Works&mdash;Harefinder&mdash;Fool or a Physician&mdash;Papers of
+Perjury&mdash;Pilgrim's Road&mdash;Capture of Henry
+VI.&mdash;Andrew Beckett&mdash;Passage in Vida&mdash;Quem
+Deus&mdash;Countess of Desmond&mdash;Confession&mdash;Cayell,
+Meaning of,&mdash;Lord Kingsborough's
+Mexico&mdash;A&euml;rostation&mdash;Concolinel&mdash;Andrewes's
+Tortura Torti, &amp;c.</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page315">315</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">MISCELLANEOUS:&mdash;</td>
+<td></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &amp;c.</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page319">319</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Books and Odd Volumes Wanted</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page319">319</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Notices to Correspondents</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page319">319</a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+<td align="left">Advertisements</td>
+<td align="right"><a href="#page320">320</a></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>NOTES.</h2>
+<h3>A NOTE ON "SMALL WORDS."</h3>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"And ten small words creep on in one dull line."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>Most ingenious! most felicitous! but let no man despise little
+words, despite of the little man of Twickenham. He himself knew
+better, but there was no resisting the temptation of such a line as
+that. Small words he says, in plain prosaic criticism, are
+generally "stiff and languishing, but they may be beautiful to
+express melancholy."</p>
+<p>The English language is a language of small words. It is, says
+Swift, "overstocked with monosyllables." It cuts down all its words
+to the shortest possible dimensions: a sort of half-Procrustes,
+which lops but never stretches. In one of the most magnificent
+passages in Holy Writ, that, namely, which describes the death of
+Sisera:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"At her feet he bowed, he fell: at her feet he bowed, he fell,
+he lay down: where he bowed, there he fell down dead."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>There are twenty-two monosyllables to three of greater length,
+or rather to the same dissyllable thrice repeated; and that too in
+common parlance proncounced as a monosyllable. The passage in the
+Book of Ezekiel, which Coleride is said to have considered the most
+sublime in the whole Bible,&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"And He said unto me, son of man, can these bones live? And I
+answered, O Lord God, though knowest,"&mdash;</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>contains seventeen monosyllables to three others. And in the
+most grand passage which commences the Gospel of St. John, from the
+first to the fourteenth verses, inclusive, there are polysyllables
+twenty-eight, monosyllables two hundred and one. This it may be
+said is poetry, but not verse, and therefore makes but little
+against the critic. Well then, out of his own mouth shall he be
+confuted. In the fourth epistle of his <i>Essay on Man</i>, a
+specimen selected purely at random from his works, and extending
+altogether to three hundred and ninety-eight lines, there are no
+less than twenty-seven (that is, a trifle more than one out of
+every fifteen,) made up <i>entirely</i> of monosyllables: and over
+and above these, there are one hundred and fifteen which have in
+them only one word of greater length; and yet there are few dull
+creepers among the lines of Pope.</p>
+<p>The early writers, the "pure wells of English undefiled," are
+full of "small words."</p>
+<p>Hall, in one of the most exquisite of his satires, speaking of
+the vanity of "adding house to house, and field to field," has
+these most beautiful lines,&mdash;</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"Fond fool! six feet shall serve for all thy store,</p>
+<p>And he that cares for most shall find no more!"</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>"What harmonious monosyllables!" says Mr. Gifford; and what
+critic will refuse to echo his exclamation? The same writer is full
+of monosyllabic lines, and he is among the most energetic
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="page306" id=
+"page306"></a>{306}</span> of satirists. By the way, it is not a
+little curious, that in George Webster's <i>White Devil, or
+Vittoria Corombona</i>, almost the same thought is also clothed in
+two monosyllabic lines:&mdash;</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"His wealth is summed, and this is all his store:</p>
+<p>This poor men get, and great men get no more."</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>Was Young dull? Listen, for it is indeed a "solemn
+sound:"&mdash;</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"The bell strikes one. We take no note of time</p>
+<p>Save by its loss, to give it then a tongue</p>
+<p>Was wise in man."</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>Was Milton tame? Hear the "lost archangel" calling upon Hell to
+receive its new possessor:&mdash;</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p class="i6">"One who brings</p>
+<p>A mind not to be chang'd by place or time.</p>
+<p>The mind is its own place, and in <i>itself</i></p>
+<p>Can make a heav'n of hell,&mdash;a hell of heav'n.</p>
+<p>What <i>matter</i> where, if I be still the same,</p>
+<p>And what I should be; all but less than he</p>
+<p>Whom <i>thunder</i> hath made <i>greater</i>? Here at least</p>
+<p>We shall be free; the <i>Almighty</i> hath not built</p>
+<p>Here for his <i>envy</i>; will not drive us hence:</p>
+<p>Here we may reign <i>secure</i>; and in my choice</p>
+<p>To reign is worth <i>ambition</i>, though in hell:</p>
+<p><i>Better</i> to reign in hell, than serve in heav'n!"</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>A great conjunction of little words! Are monosyllables
+passionless? Listen to the widowed Constance:&mdash;</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"Thou mayst, thou shalt! I will not go with thee!</p>
+<p>I will <i>instruct</i> my <i>sorrows</i> to be proud;</p>
+<p>For grief is proud, and makes his <i>owner</i> stout;</p>
+<p>To me, and to the state of my great grief,</p>
+<p>Let kings <i>assemble</i>; for my grief's so great,</p>
+<p>That no <i>supporter</i> but the huge firm earth</p>
+<p>Can hold it up: here I and <i>sorrow</i> sit;</p>
+<p>Here is my throne: bid kings come bow to it."</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>Six polysyllables only in eight lines!</p>
+<p>The ingenuity of Pope's line is great, but the criticism false.
+We applaud it only because we have never taken the trouble to think
+about the matter, and take it for granted that all monosyllabic
+lines must "creep" like that which he puts forward as a specimen.
+The very frequency of monosyllables in the compositions of our
+language is one grand cause of that frequency passing uncommented
+upon by the general reader. The investigation prompted by the
+criticism will serve only to show its unsoundness.</p>
+<p class="author">K.I.P.B.T.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>ON GRAY'S ELEGY.</h3>
+<p>If required to name the most popular English poem of the last
+century, I should perhaps fix on the <i>Elegy</i> of Gray.
+According to Mason, it "ran through eleven editions in a very short
+space of time." If he means <i>separate</i> editions, I can point
+out six other impressions in the life-time of the poet, besides
+those in miscellaneous collections viz. In <i>Six Poems by Mr. T.
+Gray</i>, London, 1753. Folio&mdash;1765. Folio&mdash;and in
+<i>Poems by Mr. Gray</i>, London, 1768. small 8o.&mdash;Glasgow
+1768. 4o.&mdash;London. A new edition, 1768. small 8o. A new
+edition, 1770. small 8o. So much has been said of translations and
+imitations, that I shall confine myself to the text.</p>
+<p>Of the <i>first</i> separate edition I am so fortunate as to
+possess a copy. It is thus entitled:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"<i>An elegy wrote in a country church-yard</i>. LONDON: printed
+for R. Dodsley in Pal-mall; and sold by M. Cooper in
+Pater-noster-row, 1751. Price six-pense. 4o six leaves.</p>
+<p>"Advertisement.</p>
+<p>"The following POEM came into my hands by accident, if the
+general approbation with which this little piece has been spread,
+may be call'd by so slight a term as accident. It is this
+approbation which makes it unnecessary for me to make any apology
+but to the author: as he cannot but feel some satisfaction in
+having pleas'd so many readers already, I flatter myself he will
+forgive my communicating that pleasure to many more.</p>
+<p>"The EDITOR."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>The history of this publication is given by Gray himself, in a
+letter to Walpole, dated in 1751, and needs no repetition; but I
+must observe, as a remarkable circumstance, that the poem was
+reprinted <i>anonymously</i>, in its separate form, as late as
+1763.</p>
+<p>I have collated the editions of 1751 and 1770, and find
+variations in stanzas 1, 3, 5, 9, 10, 12, 23, 24, and 27. All the
+amendments, however, were adopted as early as 1753, except the
+correction of a grammatical peccadillo in the ninth stanza.</p>
+<p>I make this communication in the shape of a note, as it may
+interest men of the world not less than certain <i>hermits</i>.</p>
+<p class="author">BOLTON CORNEY.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>GRAY'S ELEGY IN PORTUGUESE.</h3>
+<p>In several numbers of the "NOTES AND QUERIES" mention is made of
+various translations into foreign languages of GRAY'S <i>Elegy in a
+Country Church-yard</i>. P.C.S.S. begs leave to add to the list a
+very elegant translation into Portuguese, by the Chevalier Antonio
+de Aracejo (afterwards Minister of Foreign Affairs at Lisbon and at
+Rio de Janeiro), to whose friendship he was indebted many years ago
+for a copy of it. It was privately printed at Lisbon towards the
+close of the last century, and was subsequently reprinted at Paris
+in 1802, in a work called <i>Traductions interlin&eacute;aires, en
+six Langues</i>, by A.M.H. Boulard.</p>
+<p class="author">P.C.S.S.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>FURTHER NOTES ON THE AUTHORSHIP OF SHAKSPEARE'S HENRY
+VIII.</h3>
+<p>The Gentleman's Magazine for the present month contains a letter
+from Mr. Spedding, the author of the essay which appeared in the
+August <span class="pagenum"><a name="page307" id=
+"page307"></a>{307}</span> number of that magazine on the
+authorship of <i>Henry VIII.</i> After expressing himself
+"gratified but not surprised" by the coincidence between his views
+and those of Mr. Hickson in "NOTES AND QUERIES" (Vol. ii., p.
+198.), Mr. Spedding proceeds:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"The resemblance of the style, in some parts of the play, to
+Fletcher's, was pointed out to me several years ago by Alfred
+Tennyson (for I do not know why I should not mention his name); and
+long before that, the general distinctions between Shakspeare's
+manner and Fletcher's had been admirably explained by Charles Lamb
+in his note on the <i>Two Noble Kinsmen</i>, and by Mr. Spalding in
+his Essay. And in respect to this I had myself derived additional
+light, more, perhaps, than I am aware of, from Mr. Hickson himself,
+if he be (as I suppose he is) the S.H. of the <i>Westminster
+Review</i>. But having been thus put upon the scent and furnished
+with principles, I followed the inquiry out by myself, without help
+or communication. That two independent inquirers should thus have
+arrived at the same conclusions upon so many particulars, must
+certainly be considered very singular, except upon one supposition;
+viz., that the conclusions are according to reason. Upon that
+supposition, nothing is more natural; and I must confess, for my
+own part, that I should have been more surprised if the coincidence
+had been less exact."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>We will borrow one more paragraph from Mr. Spedding's
+communication (which is distinguished throughout by the liberality
+of tone of a true scholar), and we doubt not that the wish
+expressed at its conclusion is one in which our readers join as
+heartily as ourselves:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"I hope, however, that Mr. Hickson may be induced to pursue his
+own investigation further, and to develop more fully the suggestion
+which he throws out as to a difference of style discernible in the
+scenes which he attributes to Shakspeare. If I understand him
+rightly, he sees traces in this play of the earlier as well as the
+later hand of both poets. I cannot say that I perceive any
+indications of this myself, nor, if it be so, can I well make out
+how it should have come to pass. But I should be glad to hear more
+about it."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>It will be seen by the following extract from Mr. Emerson's
+<i>Representative Men</i>, for which we are indebted to our
+correspondent A.R., that the subject had attracted the attention of
+that distinguished writer.&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"In <i>Henry VIII.</i>, I think I see plainly the cropping out
+of the original rock on which his (Shakspeare's) own finer stratum
+was laid. The first play was written by a superior, thoughtful man,
+with a vicious ear. I can mark his lines, and know well their
+cadence. See Wolsey's Soliloquy, and the following scene with
+Cromwell, where, instead of the metre of Shakspeare, whose secret
+is, that the thought constructs the tune, so that reading for the
+sense will best bring out the rhythm; here the lines are
+constructed on a given tune, and the verse has even a trace of
+pulpit eloquence. But the play contains, through all its length,
+unmistakeable traits of Shakspeare's hand; and some passages, as
+the account of the coronation, are like autographs. What is odd,
+the compliment to Queen Elizabeth is in the bad rhythm."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<hr />
+<h3>QUEEN ELIZABETH AND SIR HENRY NEVILL.</h3>
+<p>Many years ago I copied the following note from a volume of
+Berkshire pedigrees in the British Museum, my reference to which is
+unluckily lost.</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"Queen Elizabeth, in her first progress at Maidenhithe Bridge,
+being mett by all the Nobility, Kn'ts, and Esquires of Berks, they
+kneeling on both sides of her way, shee alighted at the bridge
+foot, and walked on foote through the midst, and coming just
+agaynst Sir Henry Nevill of Billingbear, made a stay, and leyd her
+glove on his head, saying, 'I am glad to see thee, <i>Brother
+Henry</i>.' Hee, not pleased with the expression, swore she would
+make the court believe hee was a bastard, at which shee laughed,
+and passed on."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>The masquing scene in <i>Henry VIII.</i>, as described by
+Holinshed, perhaps furnishes a clue to the Queen's pleasantry,
+though Shakspeare has omitted the particular incident relating to
+Sir Henry Nevill. The old chronicler, after giving an account of
+Wolsey's banquet, and the entrance of a noble troop of strangers in
+masks, amongst whom he suspected that the king made one, proceeds
+as follows:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"Then the Lord Chamberlain said to the Cardinal, Sir, they
+confesse that among them there is such a noble personage whom, if
+your Grace can appointe out 'from the rest, he is content to
+disclose himself and to accept your place.' Whereupon the Cardinal,
+taking good advisement among them, at the last quoth he, 'Me
+seemeth the gentleman in the black beard should be even he.' And
+with that he arose out of his chaire and offered the same to the
+gentleman in the black beard, with his cap in his hand. The person
+to whom he offered the chaire was Sir Edward Nevill, a comelie
+knight, that much more resembled the king's person in that mask
+than anie other. The King perceiving the Cardinal so deceived,
+could not forbear laughing, and pulled down his visor and Maister
+Nevill's too."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>Sir Edward Nevill of Aldington, in Kent, was the second
+surviving son of George Nevill, Lord Abergavenny, and the father of
+Sir Henry Nevill above mentioned, who laid the foundation-stone and
+built the body and one wing of Billingbear House, which still
+belongs to his descendant. Sir Edward Nevill was beheaded for high
+treason in 1538, his likeness to Henry VIII. not saving him from
+the fate which befell so many of that king's unhappy
+favourites.</p>
+<p class="author">BRATHBROOKE.</p>
+<p>Audley End.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>MINOR NOTES.</h3>
+<p><i>Whales.</i>&mdash;Tychsen thinks the stories of whales
+mistaken for islands originated in the perplexities of
+inexperienced sailors when first venturing from <span class=
+"pagenum"><a name="page308" id="page308"></a>{308}</span> the
+Mediterranean into a sea exposed to the tides. I think Dr. Whewell
+mentions that in particular situations the turn of the current
+occurs at a sufficient interval from the time of high or low water
+to perplex even the most experienced sailors.</p>
+<p class="author">F.Q.</p>
+<p><i>Bookbinding.</i>&mdash;While the mischief of <i>mildew</i> on
+the <i>inside</i> of books has engaged some correspondents to seek
+for a remedy (Vol. ii., 103. 173.), a word may be put in on behalf
+of the <i>outside</i>, the binding. The present material used in
+binding is so soft, flabby, and unsound, that it will not endure a
+week's service. I have seen a bound volume lately, with a name of
+repute attached to it; and certainly the <i>workmanship</i> is
+creditable enough, but the <i>leather</i> is just as miserable as
+any from the commonest workshop. The volume cannot have been bound
+many months, and yet even now, though in good hands, it is
+beginning to rub <i>smooth</i>, and to look, what best expresses it
+emphatically, <i>shabby</i>, contrasting most grievously with the
+leather of another volume, just then in use, bound some fifty or
+seventy years ago, and as sound and firm as a drum's
+head&mdash;<i>common</i> binding too, be it observed&mdash;as the
+modern <i>cover</i> is flabby and washy. Pray, sir, raise a voice
+against this wretched <i>material</i>, for that is the thing in
+fault, not the workmanship; and if more must be paid for undoctored
+outsides, let it be so.</p>
+<p class="author">NOVUS.</p>
+<p><i>Scott's Waverley.</i>&mdash;Some years ago, a gentleman of my
+acquaintance, now residing in foreign parts, told me the following
+story:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"Once upon a time," the great unknown being engaged in a
+shooting-match near his dwelling, it came to pass that all the
+gun-wadding was spent, so that he was obliged to fetch <i>paper</i>
+instead. After Sir Walter had come back, his fellow-shooter chanced
+to look at the succedaneum, and was not a little astonished to see
+it formed part of a tale written by his entertainer's hand. By his
+friend's urgent inquiries, the Scotch romancer was compelled to
+acknowledge himself the author, and to save the well nigh destroyed
+manuscript of <i>Waverley</i>.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>I do not know whether Sir Walter Scott was induced by
+<i>this</i> incident to publish the first of his tales or not;
+perhaps it occurred after several of his novels had been printed.
+Now, if any body acquainted with the anecdote I relate should
+perchance hit upon my endeavour to give it an English garb, he
+would do me a pleasure by noting down the particulars I might have
+omitted or mis-stated. I never saw the fact recorded.</p>
+<p class="author">JANUS DOUSA.</p>
+<p><i>Satyavrata.</i>&mdash;Mr. Kemble, <i>Salomon and Saturn</i>,
+p. 129., does not seem to be aware that the Satyavrata in question
+was one of the forgeries imposed on, and afterwards detected, by
+Wilford.</p>
+<p class="author">F.Q.</p>
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>QUERIES.</h2>
+<h3>BLACK ROOD OF SCOTLAND.</h3>
+<p>Can any of your correspondents give me any information on the
+following points connected with "the Black Rood of Scotland?"</p>
+<p>1. What was the history of this cross before it was taken into
+Scotland by St. Margaret, on the occasion of her marriage with
+Malcolm, king of Scotland? Did she get it in England or in
+Germany?</p>
+<p>2. What was its size and make? One account describes it as made
+of gold, and another (<i>Rites of Durham</i>, p. 16.) as of
+silver.</p>
+<p>3. Was the "Black Rood of Scotland" the same as the "Holy Cross
+of Holyrood House?" One account seems to make them the same: for in
+the <i>Rites of Durham</i>, p. 16., we read,&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"At the east end of the south aisle of the choir, was a most
+fair rood, or picture of our Saviour, <i>in silver</i>, called the
+<i>Black Rood of Scotland</i>, brought out of Holyrood House by
+King David Bruce, and was won at the battle of Durham, with the
+picture of our Lady on the one side, and St. John on the other
+side, very richly wrought in silver, all three having crowns of
+gold," &amp;c. &amp;c.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>Another account, in p. 21 of the same work, seems to make them
+different; for, speaking of the battle of Neville's Cross (18th
+October, 1346), it says&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"In which said battle a <i>holy Cross</i>, which was taken out
+of Holyrood House, in Scotland, by King David Bruce, was won and
+taken," &amp;c., p. 21.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>And adds,&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"In which battle were slain seven earls of Scotland.... and also
+lost <i>the said cross</i>, and many other most worthy and
+excellent jewels ... together with the Black Rood of Scotland (so
+termed) with Mary and John, made of silver, being, as it were,
+smoked all over," &amp;c., p. 22.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>4. If they were the same, how is the legend concerning its
+discovery by the king, upon Holyrood day, when hunting in a forest
+near Edinburgh, to be reconciled with the fact of its being taken
+by St. Margaret into Scotland? If they were not the same, what was
+the previous history of each, and which was the cross of St.
+Margaret?</p>
+<p>5. How is the account of Simeon of Durham, that the Black Rood
+was bequeathed to Durham Priory by St. Margaret, to be reconciled
+with the history of its being taken from the Scotch at the battle
+of Neville's Cross?</p>
+<p>6. May there not be a connexion between the legend of the
+discovery of the "Holy Cross" between the horns of a wild hart
+(<i>Rites of Durham</i>, p. 21.), and the practice that existed of
+an offering of a stag annually made, on St. Cuthbert's day, in
+September, by the Nevilles of Raby, to the Priory of Durham? May it
+not have been an acknowledgement <span class="pagenum"><a name=
+"page309" id="page309"></a>{309}</span> that the cross won at the
+battle of Neville's Cross was believed to have been taken by King
+David from the hart in the forest of Edinburgh? In the "Lament for
+Robert Neville," called by Surtees "the very oldest rhyme of the
+North" we read&mdash;</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"Wel, qwa sal thir hornes blaw</p>
+<p class="i2">Haly rod thi day?</p>
+<p>Nou is he dede and lies law</p>
+<p class="i2">Was wont to blaw thaim ay."</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>7. Is it known what became of the "Holy Cross" or "Black Rood"
+at the dissolution of Durham Priory?</p>
+<p class="author">P.A.F.</p>
+<p>Newcastle-on-Tyne.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>MINOR QUERIES.</h3>
+<p><i>Trogus Pompeius.</i>&mdash;In Hannay and Dietrichsen's
+<i>Almanuck for the Year</i> 1849, I find the following statement
+under the head of "Remarkable Occurrences of the Year
+1847:"&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"July 21. A portion of the history of Trogus Pompeius (the
+author abridged by Justin) is discovered in the library of
+Ossolinski at Berlin."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>Not having noticed any contemporary account of this occurrence,
+I should be glad of any information respecting the nature and
+extent of the discovery.</p>
+<p class="author">E.L.N.</p>
+<p><i>Mortuary Stanzas.</i>&mdash;Could any of your readers supply
+me with information respecting the practice of appending mortuary
+stanzas to the yearly bills of mortality, published in many
+parishes; whether there are any extant specimens of such stanzas
+besides those memorable poems of Cowper written for the parish
+clerk of Northampton; and whether, also, the practice is still kept
+up in any parts of the country?</p>
+<p class="author">[Greek: Philopatris].</p>
+<p><i>Laird of Grant.</i>&mdash;In the north of England, I have
+repeatedly heard the <i>auld wife</i> remark, on observing any
+unwonted act of extravagance, such as burning more than the
+ordinary number of candles, &amp;c. &amp;c.,&mdash;"Who is to be
+Laird of Grant next year?" As this saying appears to be used only
+in the north, I have no other medium at present than to seek a
+reply through the aid of your valuable little work.</p>
+<p class="author">SENEX.</p>
+<p class="note">[A similar "saw" was formerly current in the
+metropolis,&mdash;"What, three candles burning! we shall be Lord
+Mayor next year."]</p>
+<p><i>Bastille, MS. Records of.</i>&mdash;Are there amongst the
+MSS. of the British Museum any documents relating to spies, or
+political agents, employed by the French and English governments
+from 1643 to 1715, who were incarcerated in the Bastille?</p>
+<p class="author">M.V.</p>
+<p><i>Orkney under the Norwegians.</i>&mdash;Torf&aelig;us
+(<i>Orcades</i>), under the transactions of the year 1430 (p.
+182-3.), has an incidental mention of the Orkneys as among the
+forbidden islands, "vetit&aelig; insulas," of which the commerce
+was forbidden to strangers, and confined to the mother country, as
+to this day it is with Denmark and her possessions of the Faroe
+Islands and Iceland, both mentioned in the paragraph of the
+historian among the islands whose commerce was restricted. It would
+be very desirable to know of the social state of Orkney under the
+government of Norway and its native Jarls of the Norwegian race,
+and or its connexion with Norway and Denmark; and some of your
+correspondents may take the trouble to point out sources of
+information on the subject of this Query.</p>
+<p class="author">W.H.F.</p>
+<p>Kirkwall</p>
+<p><i>Swift's Works.</i>&mdash;In Wilde's <i>Closing Years of Dean
+Swift's Life</i> (2d edit. p. 78.) is mentioned an autograph letter
+from Sir Walter Scott to C.G. Gavelin, Esq., of Dublin, in the MS.
+library. T.C.D., in which he states he had nothing whatever to do
+with the publication or revision of the second edition of the
+<i>Works of Jonathan Swift</i>. This does not agree with the
+statement given in Mr. Lockhart's <i>Life of Sir Walter Scott</i>,
+2d edit. vol. vii. p. 215. Who was the editor, and in what does the
+second edition differ from the first?</p>
+<p class="author">W.H.F.</p>
+<p>"<i>Pride of the Morning</i>."&mdash;Why is the small rain which
+falls in the morning, at some seasons of the year, called "the
+pride of the morning?"</p>
+<p class="author">P.H.F.</p>
+<p><i>Bishop Durdent and the Staffordshire Historians.</i>&mdash;It
+is stated by Sampson Erdeswich, Esq., in his <i>Survey of
+Staffordshire</i>, p. 164, 12mo. 1717, that&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"Not far from Tame, Roger Durdent held Fisherwicke of the
+bishop, 24 Ed. I. And 4 Ed. II. Nicholas Durdent was lord of it,
+which I suppose was procured to some of his ancestors of the same
+name by their kinsman Walter Durdent, Bishop of Litchfield, in
+Henry II.'s time."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>but no authority is given for this statement.</p>
+<p>In Shaw's <i>History of Staffordshire</i>, p. 365., fol., 1798,
+it is further recorded that&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"Walter Durdent, in the beginning of Henry II., appears to have
+granted it (Fisherwicke) to some of his relations, for we find
+William Durdent of Fisherwicke temp. Henry II.; and in the 40th of
+Hen. III. Roger Durdent occurs, who held Fisherwicke of the bishop,
+24 Ed. I. In the 4 Ed. II. Nicholas Durdent was lord of it."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>Shaw refers to Erdeswick, and to the <i>Annals of Burton
+Abbey</i>, p. 364.</p>
+<p>In Dr. Harwood's edition of Erdeswick, 8vo., 1844, the same
+statements are repeated, but no authority is adduced. Could any of
+your correspondents obligingly furnish me with the original
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="page310" id=
+"page310"></a>{310}</span> sources of information to which
+Erdeswick had access, and also with any biographical notices of
+Bishop Durdent besides those which are recorded in Godwin and Shaw?
+The bishop had the privilege of coining money. (See Shaw's
+<i>Staffordshire</i>, pp. 233. 265.) Are any of his coins known to
+numismatists?</p>
+<p class="author">F.R.R.</p>
+<p><i>Pope and Bishop Burgess.</i>&mdash;To what passage in Pope's
+writings does the conclusion of the following extract refer?<a id=
+"footnotetag1" name="footnotetag1"></a><a href=
+"#footnote1"><sup>1</sup></a></p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"Digammatic&aelig; doctrin&aelig; idem accidit. In his
+<i>Popius</i> eam in ludibrium vertit, &amp;c. Sed eximius Poeta
+neque in veteribus su&aelig; ipsius lingu&aelig;, nedum
+Gr&aelig;c&aelig; monumentis versatus, tantum scilicet de antiqua
+illa litera vidit, quantum <i>de Shakespearii</i> SAGITTARIO."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p class="author">W.W.</p>
+<blockquote class="footnote"><a id="footnote1" name=
+"footnote1"></a><b>Footnote 1:</b><a href=
+"#footnotetag1">(return)</a>
+<p>3d ed. of Dawes's <i>Mis. Critic</i>, p. xviii, note x.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p><i>Daniel's Irish New Testament.</i>&mdash;F.G.X. will be much
+obliged for information on the following points:&mdash;</p>
+<p>1. Which is the most correct edition, as to printing and
+orthography, of Daniel's Irish New Testament?</p>
+<p>2. Does the edition now on sale by the Bible Society bear the
+character for incorrectness as to these points, which, judged by
+itself, it appears to deserve, or is it really, though "bad, the
+best?"</p>
+<p>3. F.G.X. is far advanced with an Irish Testament Concordance.
+Can any one possessed of the requisite information give him hope of
+the acceptableness of such a publication? He should expect it to be
+chiefly useful to clerical Irish students in acquiring a knowledge
+of words and construction; but the lists of Irish Bibles disposed
+of of late years would lead to the supposition of its being
+desirable also as pointing out the place of passages to the native
+reader.</p>
+<p>4. Does the Cambridge University Library contain a copy of the
+first edition of Daniel's translation?</p>
+<p><i>Ale Draper&mdash;Eugene Aram.</i>&mdash;In Hargrove's
+well-known history of Eugene Aram, the hero of Bulwer's still
+better known novel, one of the guilty associates of the
+Knaresborough murderer is designated as an "Ale Draper." As this
+epithet never presented itself in my reading, and as I am not aware
+that <i>draper</i> properly admits of any other definition than
+that given by Johnson, "one who deals in cloth," may I ask whether
+the word was ever in "good use" in the above sense?</p>
+<p>My main purpose in writing, is to propound the foregoing Query;
+but while I have the pen in hand permit me to ask,&mdash;</p>
+<p>1. Whether it be possible to read the celebrated "defence," so
+called, which was delivered by Aram on his trial at York, without
+concurring with the jury in their verdict, and with the judge in
+his sentence? In short, without a strong feeling that the prisoner
+would not have been hanged, but for that over-ingenious, and
+obviously evasive, address, in which the plain averment of "not
+guilty" does not occur.</p>
+<p>2. Has not the literary character, especially the philological
+attainments, of this noted malefactor been vastly over-rated?
+And</p>
+<p>3. Ought not the "memoirs" of "this great man" by Mr. Scatcherd
+to be ranked among the most remarkable attempts ever made, and
+surely made</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"&mdash;in vain,</p>
+<p>To wash the murderer from blood-guilty stain?"</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p class="author">D.</p>
+<p>Rotherfield</p>
+<p><i>Latin Epigram.</i>&mdash;Can any of your correspondents
+inform me who was the author of the following epigram:&mdash;</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>IN MEMORIAM G.B.M.D.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"Te tandem tuus Oreus habet, quo civibus Orei</p>
+<p>Gratius haud unquam misit Apollo caput;</p>
+<p>Quippe tuo jussu terras liquere, putantque</p>
+<p>Tartara se jussu linquere posse tuo."</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>The person alluded to was Sir W. Browne, M.D., the founder of
+the Browne medals in the University of Cambridge. Some old fellow
+of King's College may be able to inform me.</p>
+<p>The medals were first given about the year 1780, and in the
+first year, I presume, out of respect to the memory of the donor,
+no subject was given for Epigrams. It has occurred to me, that
+perhaps some wag on that occasion sent the lines as a quiz.</p>
+<p class="author">W.S.</p>
+<p>Richmond, Surrey</p>
+<p><i>Couplet in De Foe</i>&mdash;</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"Restraint from ill is freedom to the wise,</p>
+<p>And good men wicked liberties despise."</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>This couplet is at the end of the second letter in De Foe's
+<i>Great Law of Subordination</i>, p. 42. Is it his own? If not,
+where did he get it?</p>
+<p class="author">N.B.</p>
+<p><i>Books wanted to refer to</i>.&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"Hollard's Travels (1715), by a French Protestant Minister,
+afterwards suppressed by the author."</p>
+<p>"Thomas Bonnell, Mayor of Norwich, Life of."</p>
+<p>"Canterbury, Letters and Memoirs on the Excommunication of two
+Heretics, 1698."</p>
+<p>"The Book of Seventy-seven French Protestant Ministers,
+presented to Will'm III."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>If any of your readers can refer me to the above works I shall
+be glad. They may be in the British Museum, although I have
+searched there in vain for them.</p>
+<p class="author">J.S.B.</p>
+<p><i>Water-marks in Writing-paper.</i>&mdash;Can any of your
+correspondents indicate any guide to the dating of <span class=
+"pagenum"><a name="page311" id="page311"></a>{311}</span> paper by
+the water-mark. I think I have read of some work on that subject,
+but have no precise recollection about it. I have now before me
+several undated MSS. written on paper of which it would be very
+desirable to fix the exact date. They evidently belonged to Pope,
+Swift, and Lady M.W. Montague, as they contain their autographs.
+They are all of that size called <i>Pro Patria</i>, and two of them
+have as water-mark a figure of Britannia with a lion brandishing a
+sword within a paling, and the motto <i>Pro Patria</i> over the
+sword. Of one of these the opposite page has the initials GR, and
+the other has IX; but the paper has been cut off in the middle of
+the water-mark and only exhibits half the figure IV. Another sheet
+has the royal arms (1. England and Scotland impaled, 2. France, 3.
+Ireland, 4. the white horse of Hanover,) within the garter, and
+surmounted by the crown, and on the opposite page GR. within a
+crowned wreath. There is no doubt that they were all manufactured
+between 1715 and 1740; but is there any means of arriving at a more
+precise date?</p>
+<p class="author">C.</p>
+<p><i>Puzzling Epitaph.</i>&mdash;The following curious epitaph was
+found in a foreign cathedral:&mdash;</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>EPITAPHIUM.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"O quid tu&aelig;</p>
+<p>be est bi&aelig;;</p>
+<p>ra ra ra</p>
+<p>es et in</p>
+<p>ram ram ram</p>
+<p>ii."</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>The following is plainly the solution of the last four
+lines:&mdash;</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p><i>ra, ra, ra</i>, is thrice <i>ra</i>, i.e.
+<i>ter-ra=terra</i>.</p>
+<p><i>ram, ram, ram</i>, is thrice <i>ram</i>, i.e.
+<i>ter-ram=terram</i>.</p>
+<p><i>ii</i> is <i>i</i> twice, <i>i.e. i-bis=ibis</i>.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>Thus the last four lines are,&mdash;</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"Terra es et in terram ibis."</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>Can any one furnish a solution of the two first lines?</p>
+<p class="author">J. BDN.</p>
+<p class="note">[We would suggest that the first two lines are to
+be read "O <i>super</i> be, quid <i>super</i> est, tu&aelig;
+<i>super</i> bi&aelig;," and the epitaph will then be&mdash;</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"O superbe quid superest tu&aelig; superbi&aelig;</p>
+<p>Terra es, et in terram ibis."&mdash;ED.]</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p><i>MSS. of Cornish Language.</i>&mdash;Are there any ancient
+MSS. of the Cornish language, or are there any works remaining in
+that language, besides the <i>Calvary</i> and <i>Christmas
+Carol</i> published by the late Davies Gilbert?</p>
+<p class="author">J.A. GILES.</p>
+<p><i>Bilderdijk the Poet.</i>&mdash;Banished from his native
+country, disowned by his own countrymen, the Dutch poet Willem
+Bilderdijk pitched his tent for a while on the hospitable soil of
+Old England. Prince William V. residing in 1795 at Hampton Court,
+he resolved to stay there; but, possessing no income at all, and,
+like the sage of antiquity, having saved nothing from the shipwreck
+but his genius, he shifted his dwelling-place to London, where he
+gave lessons in drawing, languages, and various, even medical,
+sciences. He was married in England to Katharine Wilhelmina
+Schweickhardt, on the 18th of May, 1797. His residence in the
+birthplace of "NOTES AND QUERIES" makes me ask, if there be still
+persons living, who remember him as teacher, friend, or poet? A
+presentation-copy of Mrs. Bilderdijk's translation of <i>Rodrick,
+the Last of the Goths</i>, was offered to Southey, accompanied by a
+Latin letter from her spouse. The poet-laureate visiting Leyden in
+the summer of 1825, Bilderdijk would not suffer him to remain
+lodged in the inn, where an injury to his leg urged him to favour
+the landlord with a protracted stay. Southey was transported
+accordingly to the Dutch poet's house; and did not leave it before
+he was cured, several weeks having elapsed in the meanwhile.
+Mention of this fact is made in a poem the British bard addresses
+to Cuninghame. I do not know whether it is alluded to in Southey's
+<i>Life</i>.</p>
+<p>Bilderdijk's foot was crushed accidentally, in the sixth year of
+his age, by one of his play-fellows; and thus he, who, by his
+natural disposition seemed to be destined to a military career, was
+obliged to enlist in the <i>militia togata</i>. He fought the good
+fight in verse. It is remarkable that Byron and Sir Walter Scott,
+his cotemporaries, were also lame or limping.</p>
+<p class="author">JANUS DOUSA.</p>
+<p><i>Egyptian MSS.</i>&mdash;What is the age of the oldest MS.
+found in Egypt? Are there any earlier than the age of
+Alexander?</p>
+<p class="author">J.A. GILES.</p>
+<p><i>Scandinavian Priesthood.</i>&mdash;Will one of your
+correspondents do me the favour to let me know the best authority I
+can refer to for information as to the priesthood of the
+Scandinavians; the mode of their election, the rank from which they
+were generally chosen, whether they were allowed to marry,
+&amp;c.?</p>
+<p class="author">MAX BRANDESON.</p>
+<p><i>Thomas Volusemus (or Wilson?).</i>&mdash;Is anything known of
+Thomas Volusemus (Wilson?) who edited the works of his
+father-in-law, Patrick Adamson, titular Archbishop of St. Andrew's,
+which were published in London A.D. 1619?</p>
+<p class="author">H.A.E.</p>
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>REPLIES.</h2>
+<h3>CURFEW.</h3>
+<p>We have received the following Replies to NABOC'S inquiry (Vol.
+ii., p. 103.) as to where the custom of ringing the curfew still
+remains.</p>
+<p><i>Bingley in Yorkshire.</i>&mdash;In the town of Bingley,
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="page312" id=
+"page312"></a>{312}</span> in Yorkshire, the custom of ringing the
+curfew existed in the year 1824. It may have been discontinued
+since that year, but I do not know that it has.</p>
+<p>It is also the custom at Blackburn, in Lancashire; and it was,
+if it is not now, at Bakewell in Derbyshire.</p>
+<p class="author">H.J.</p>
+<p><i>Bromyard, Herefordshire.</i>&mdash;The curfew is still rung
+at Bromyard, Herefordshire, at nine P.M., from the 5th of November,
+until Christmas Day; and the bell is afterwards tolled the number
+of the day of the month. Why it is merely confined to within the
+above days, I could never ascertain.</p>
+<p class="author">G.F.C.</p>
+<p><i>Waltham-on-the-Wolds.</i>&mdash;The curfew is still rung at
+Waltham-on-the-Wolds, Leicestershire, at five A.M., eight P.M. in
+summer, and at six A.M., seven P.M. in winter; the bell also
+tolling the day of the month.</p>
+<p class="author">R.J.S.</p>
+<p><i>Oxfordshire.</i>&mdash;I see that NABOC's inquiry about the
+curfew is answered at p. 175. by a reference to the <i>Journal of
+the British Arch&aelig;ological Association</i>. The list there is
+probably complete: but lest it should omit any, I may as well
+mention, from my own knowledge, Woodstock, Oxon, where it rings
+from eight to half-past eight in the evening, from October to
+March; Bampton and Witney, Oxon, and Stow, in Gloucester; at some
+of which places it is also rung at four in the morning.</p>
+<p class="author">C.</p>
+<p><i>Chertsey, Surrey.</i>&mdash;In the town of Chertsey in
+Surrey, the curfew is regularly tolled for a certain time at eight
+every evening, but only through the winter months. There is also a
+curious, if not an uncommon, custom kept up with regard to it.
+After the conclusion of the curfew, and a pause of half a minute,
+the day of the month is tolled out: one stroke for the 1st, two for
+the 2nd, and so on.</p>
+<p class="author">H.C. DE ST. CROIX.</p>
+<p><i>Penrith.</i>&mdash;The curfew bell continues to be rung at
+Penrith, in Cumberland, at eight o'clock in the evening, and is the
+signal for closing shops, &amp;c.</p>
+<p><i>Newcastle-upon-Tyne.</i>&mdash;The curfew is still rung by
+all the churches of Newcastle-upon-Tyne at eight in the evening;
+and its original use may be said to be preserved to a considerable
+extent, for the greater bulk of the shops make it a signal for
+closing.</p>
+<p class="author">G. BOUCHIER RICHARDSON.</p>
+<p><i>Morpeth.</i>&mdash;The curfew bell is still rung at eight
+P.M. at Morpeth in Northumberland.</p>
+<p class="author">E.H.A.</p>
+<p><i>Exeter.</i>&mdash;The curfew is rung in Exeter Cathedral at
+eight P.M.</p>
+<p>The present practice is to toll the bell thirty strokes, and
+after a short interval to toll eight more; the latter, I presume,
+denoting the hour.</p>
+<p class="author">G.T.</p>
+<p><i>Winchester.</i>&mdash;Curfew is still rung at Winchester.</p>
+<p class="author">AN OLD COMMONER PREFECT.</p>
+<p><i>Over, near Winsford, Cheshire.</i>&mdash;The custom of
+ringing the curfew is still kept up at Over, near Winsford,
+Cheshire; and the parish church, St. Chads, is nightly visited for
+that purpose at eight o'clock. This bell is the signal amongst the
+farmers in the neighbourhood for "looking up" their cattle in the
+winter evenings; and was, before the establishment of a public
+clock in the tower of the Weaver Church at Winsford, considered the
+standard time by which to regulate their movements.</p>
+<p class="author">A READER.</p>
+<p class="note">[We are indebted to the courtesy of the Editor of
+the <i>Liverpool Albion</i> for this Reply, which was originally
+communicated to that paper.]</p>
+<p><i>The Curfew</i>, of which some inquiries have appeared in the
+"NOTES AND QUERIES," is generally rung in the north of England. But
+then it is also common in the south of Scotland. I have heard it in
+Kelso, and other towns in Roxburghshire. The latter circumstance
+would appear to prove that it cannot have originated with the
+Norman conqueror, to whom it is attributed.</p>
+<p class="author">W.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>ENGELMANNS BIBLIOTHECA SCRIPTORUM CLASSICORUM.</h3>
+<h4>(Vol. ii., p. 296.)</h4>
+<p>The shortest reply to MR. DE MORGAN'S complaint against a
+foreign bookseller would be, that <i>Engelmann himself</i> printed
+for any of the purchasers of a large number of his Catalogues the
+titles to which MR. DE MORGAN objects so much.</p>
+<p>Will you allow me to add one or two remarks occasioned by MR. DE
+MORGAN'S strictures?</p>
+<p>1. Engelmann is not, strictly speaking, a bookseller, and his
+catalogues are not booksellers' catalogues in the sense in which
+that term is generally received here. He is a publisher and
+compiler (and an admirable one) of general classified catalogues
+for the use of the trade and of students, without any reference to
+his stock, or, in many instances, to the possibility of easily
+acquiring copies of the books enumerated: and although he
+<i>might</i> execute an order from his catalogues, getting orders
+is <i>not</i> the end for which <i>he</i> publishes them.</p>
+<p>2. Some foreign houses in London, as well as in other countries,
+bought a large number of his Catalogues, not as a <i>book</i> but
+as a <i>catalogue</i>, to be supplied to their customers at the
+bare cost, or, where it appears advisable, to be delivered gratis
+to purchasers of a certain amount.</p>
+<p>3. It appears to me pardonable if, under these circumstances, a
+notice is inserted on the title, that orders may be directed to the
+house which has purchased a number, and supplies them without any
+immediate profit; and I may add that I do <span class=
+"pagenum"><a name="page313" id="page313"></a>{313}</span> not
+believe any of the houses concerned would object to a notice being
+taken of such a proceeding in your paper.</p>
+<p>4. The error in omitting the words "from 1700" on the
+title-page, is one to which MR. DE MORGAN'S notice first directed
+my attention, classics printed before that date not being commonly
+in demand among foreign booksellers.</p>
+<p>5. The practice of compiling catalogues for general use, with
+the names of the purchasers of any number of copies of the
+catalogue inserted on the title or wrapper, is very common in
+Germany.</p>
+<p>Hinrichs of Leipsic issues&mdash;</p>
+<p>1. A Six-monthly Alphabetical Catalogue, with a systematic
+index;</p>
+<p>2. A Quarterly Catalogue, systematically arranged, with an
+alphabetical index;</p>
+<p>Vandenhoeck of Gottigen issues <i>half-yearly</i>&mdash;</p>
+<p>1. A Bibliotheca Medico-Chirurgica et Pharmaceuto-Chemica;</p>
+<p>2. A Bibliotheca Theologica, for Protestant theology;</p>
+<p>3. A Bibliotheca Classica et Philologica;</p>
+<p>4. A Bibliotheca Juridica;</p>
+<p>and Engelmann, from time to time, numerous general
+catalogues;&mdash;</p>
+<p>all of which are not only supplied to London houses, with
+English titles, but may be had all over Germany, with the firms of
+different booksellers inserted as publishers of the catalogue.</p>
+<p>Will you make use of the above in any way in which you may think
+it of advantage to your readers?</p>
+<p class="author">ANOTHER FOREIGN BOOKSELLER.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>CROZIER AND PASTORAL STAFF.</h3>
+<h4>(Vol. ii., p. 248.)</h4>
+<p>A correspondent inquires what was the difference between a
+crozier and a pastoral staff. The crozier (<i>Crocia</i>,
+Medi&aelig;val Latin), Fr. <i>Crosse</i>, Ital. <i>Rocco
+Pastorale</i>, German. <i>Bischofstab</i>, is the ornamental staff
+used by archbishops and legates, and derives its name from the
+cross which surmounts it. A crozier behind a pall is borne on the
+primatial arms of Canterbury. The use of the crozier can only be
+traced back to the 12th century. <i>Cavendish</i> mentions "two
+great crosses of silver, whereof one of them was for his
+archbishoprick and the other for his legatry, always before"
+Cardinal Wolsey. The fact did not escape Master <i>Roy</i>, who
+sings thus:&mdash;</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"Before him rydeth two Prestes stronge,</p>
+<p>And they beare two Crosses right longe,</p>
+<p class="i2">Gapinge in every man's face."</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p><i>Hall</i> says that he removed from Whitehall "with one
+cross." In the Eastern Church patriarchs only have a crozier; a
+patriarch has two transverse bars upon his crozier, the Pope
+carries three.</p>
+<p>The pastoral staff was the ensign of bishops. Honorius describes
+it as in the form of a shepherd's crook, made of wood or bone,
+united by a ball of gold or crystal, the lower part of the staff
+being pointed.</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"In Evangelio Dominus Apostolis pr&aelig;cepit, ut in
+pr&aelig;dcatione nihil pr&aelig;ter virgam tollerent. Et
+qui&agrave; Episcopi pastores gregis Dominici sunt, ide&ograve;
+baculum in custodi&acirc; pr&aelig;ferunt: per baculum, quo infirmi
+sustentatur, auctoritas doctrin&aelig; designatur; per virgam,
+qu&agrave; improbi emendantur, potestas regiminis figuratur.
+Baculum erg&ograve; Pontifices portant, ut infirmos in Fide per
+doctrinam erigant. Virgam bajulant, ut per potestatem inquietos
+corrigant: qu&aelig; virga vel baculus est recurvus, ut aberrantes
+&agrave; grege docendo ad poenitetiam trabat; in extremo est
+acutus, ut rebelles excommunicando retrudat; h&aelig;reticos, velut
+lupos, ab ovili Christi potestativ&egrave; exterreat."&mdash;<i>In
+Gemm&acirc; Anim&aelig;</i>, lib. i. cap. 218, 219., <i>apud
+Hitterpium</i>.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>In its primitive form it appears to have been a staff shaped
+like a T, and used to lean upon. It was gradually lengthened, and
+in some cases was finished at the top like a mace. The pastoral
+staff is mentioned in the <i>Life of S. C&aelig;sarius of
+Arles</i>. Gough says that the pastoral staff found in the coffin
+of Grostete, Bp. of Lincoln, who died in 1254, was made of red wood
+ending in a rudely shaped ram's horn. It was inscribed:</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"Per baculi formam</p>
+<p>Pr&aelig;lati discite normam."</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>In the first prayer-book of the Reformed English Church, 2
+Edward VI., at the time of the holy communion the bishop is
+directed to have "<i>his pastoral staff in his hand, or else borne
+by his chaplain</i>." It was used in solemn benedictions; and so
+lately as at the coronation of Queen Elizabeth. The second book of
+King Edward VI., published A.D. 1552, being revived in that reign,
+the use of the staff was discontinued, as we find by the
+consecration service of Archbishop Parker.</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"Postq' h&aelig;c dixissent, ad reliqua Communionis solemnia
+permit Cicestren. nullu. Archie'po tradens Pastorale
+baculum."&mdash;<i>Bramhall</i>, vol. iii. p. 205., Part i. Disc.
+5. App., Oxon. 1844.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>A crozier was borne at the funerals of Brian Duppa, of Winton,
+A.D. 1662; Juxon of London, 1663; Frewen of York, 1664; Wren of
+Ely, 1667; Cosin of Dunelm, 1671; Trelawney of Winton, 1721;
+Lindsay of Armagh, 1724. It is engraven on the monuments of
+Goodrich of Ely, 1552; Magrath of Cashel, 1622; Hacket of
+Lichfield, 1670; Creggleton of Wells, Lamplugh of York, 1691;
+Sheldon, 1677; Hoadley of Winton, and Porteus of London. Their
+croziers (made of gilt metal) were suspended over the tombs of
+Morley, 1684, and Mews, 1706. The bishop's staff had its crook bent
+outwards to signify that his jurisdiction extended over his
+diocese; that of the abbot inwards, as his authority was limited to
+his house. The crozier of Matthew Wren was of silver <span class=
+"pagenum"><a name="page314" id="page314"></a>{314}</span> with the
+head gilt. When Bp. Fox's tomb was opened at Winchester some few
+years since, his staff of oak was found in perfect preservation. A
+staff of wood painted in azure and gilt, hangs over Trelawney's
+tomb in Pelynt Church, Cornwall. The superb staff of the pious and
+munificent founder of the two St. Marie Winton Colleges is still
+preserved at Oxford, as is also that of the illustrious Wykehamist,
+Bp. Fox, to whose devotion we owe Corpus Christi College in that
+university. One of the earliest tombs bearing a staff incised, is
+that of Abbot Vitalis, who died in 1082, and may be seen in the
+south cloister of St. Peter's Abbey in Westminster. There were
+croziered as well as mitred abbots: for instance, the superior of
+the Benedictine abbey at Bourges had a right to the crozier, but
+not to the mitre. The Abbot of Westminster was croziered and
+mitred. I intended to write a reply, but have enabled with a
+note.</p>
+<p class="author">MACKENZIE WALCOTT, M.A.</p>
+<p>7. College Street, Westminster</p>
+<p>J.Z.P. will find a fully satisfactory answer to his Query, in
+regard to the real difference between the crozier and the pastoral
+staff, on referring to the article headed "Crozier," in the
+<i>Glossary of Architecture</i>. It is there stated, that "the
+crozier of an archbishop is surmounted by a cross; but it was only
+at a comparatively late time, about the 12th century, that the
+archbishop laid aside the pastoral staff, to assume the cross as an
+appropriate portion of his personal insignia." From which it may be
+inferred, that the only existent real difference between the
+crozier and the pastoral staff is, that the former is surmounted by
+a cross, and the latter is as it was before the 12th century, viz.,
+surmounted by "a head curled round something in the manner of a
+shepherd's crook;" and the difference in regard to their use, that
+the crozier pertains to the archbishops, and the pastoral staff to
+the bishops.</p>
+<p class="author">R.W. ELLIOT</p>
+<p>Cheltenham, Sept. 16. 1850.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>PARSONS, THE STAFFORDSHIRE GIANT.</h3>
+<h4>(Vol. ii., p. 135.)</h4>
+<p>Harwood's note in Erdeswick's <i>Staffordshire</i>, quoted by
+your correspondent C.H.B., is incorrect, inasmuch as the writer has
+confused the biographies of two distinct "giants"&mdash;WALTER
+PARSONS, porter to King James I., and WILLIAM EVANS, who filled the
+same office in the succeeding reign.</p>
+<p>The best account of these two "worthies" is that found in
+Fuller, and which I extract from the original edition now before
+me:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>WALTER PARSONS, born in this county [Staffordshire], was first
+apprenticed to a smith, when he grew so tall in stature, that a
+hole was made for him in the ground to stand therein up to the
+knees, so to make him adequate with his fellow-workmen. He
+afterwards was porter to King <i>James</i>; seeing as gates
+generally are higher than the rest of the building, so it was
+sightly that the porter should be taller than other persons. He was
+proportionable in all parts, and had strength equal to height,
+valour to his strength, temper to his valour, so that he disdained
+to do an injury to any single person. He would make nothing to take
+two of the tallest <i>yeomen</i> of the <i>guard</i> (like the
+<i>Gizard</i> and <i>Liver</i>) under his arms at once, and order
+them as he pleased.</p>
+<p>"Yet were his parents (for aught I do understand to the
+contrary) but of an ordinary stature, whereat none will wonder who
+have read what <i>St. Augustine</i> (<i>De Civitate Dei</i>, lib.
+xv. cap. 23.) reports of a woman which came to <i>Rome</i> (a
+little before the sacking thereof by the <i>Goths</i>), of so
+giant-like a height, that she was far above all who saw her, though
+infinite troopes came to behold the spectacle. And yet he addeth,
+<i>Et hoc erat maxim&aelig; admirationis, quod ambo parentes ejus,
+&amp;c</i>. This made men most admire, that both her parents were
+but of ordinary stature. This <i>Parsons</i> is produced for proof,
+that all ages afford some of extraordinary height, and that there
+is no general decay of mankind in their <i>dimensions</i>, which,
+if there were, we had ere this time shrunk to be lower than
+<i>Pigmyes</i>, not to instance in a lesse proportion. This
+<i>Parsons</i> died Anno Dom. 1620."&mdash;Fuller's <i>History of
+the Worthies of England</i>, 1662 (<i>Staffordshire</i>), p.
+48.</p>
+<p>"WILLIAM EVANS was born in this county [Monmouthshire], and may
+justly be accounted the <i>Giant</i> of our age for his stature,
+being, full two yards and a half in height. He was porter to King
+<i>Charles I.</i>, succeeding, <i>Walter Persons</i> [sic] in his
+place, and exceeding him two inches in height, but far beneath him
+in an equal proportion of body; for he was not onely what the
+<i>Latines</i> call <i>compernis</i>, knocking his knees together,
+and going out squalling with his feet, but also haulted a little;
+yet made a shift to dance in an antimask at court, where he drew
+little Jeffrey, the dwarf, out of his pocket, first to the wonder,
+then to the laughter, of the beholders. He dyed <i>Anno Dom</i>.
+1630." <i>Ibid. (Monmouthshire)</i>, p. 54.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>From these extracts it will be seen that the Christian name of
+Parsons was <i>Walter</i>, not William, as stated by Harwood.
+<i>William</i> was the Christian name of Evans, Parsons' successor.
+The bas-relief mentioned by the same writer represents William
+Evans and Jeffrey Hudson, his diminutive fellow-servant. It is over
+the entrance of <i>Bull-head Court</i>, Newgate Street; not "a
+bagnio-court," which is nonsense. On the stone these words are cut:
+"The King's Porter, and the Dwarf," with the date 1660. This
+bas-relief is engraved in Pennant.</p>
+<p>There is a picture of Queen Elizabeth's giant porter at Hampton
+Court but I am not aware that any portrait of Parsons is preserved
+in the Royal Collections.</p>
+<p class="author">EDWARD F. RIMBAULT.</p>
+<hr />
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="page315" id=
+"page315"></a>{315}</span>
+<h3>EISELL AND WORMWOOD WINE.</h3>
+<h4>(Vol. ii., p. 249.)</h4>
+<p>If Pepys' friends actually did <i>drink up</i> the two quarts of
+<i>wormwood wine</i> which he gave them, it must, as LORD
+BRAYBROOKE suggests, have been rendered more palatable than the
+<i>propoma</i> which was in use in Shakspeare's time. I have been
+furnished by a distinguished friend with the following, among other
+Notes, corroborative of my explanation of <i>eisell</i>:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"I have found no better recipe for making wormwood wine than
+that given by old Langham in his <i>Garden of Health</i>; and as he
+directs its use to be confined to 'Streine out a <i>little</i>
+spoonful, and drinke it with a draught of ale or wine,' I think it
+must have been so atrociously unpalatable, that to <i>drink it
+up</i>, as Hamlet challenged Laertes to do, would have been as
+strong an argumentum ad stomachum as to digest a crocodile, even
+when appetised by a slice of the loaf."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>It is evident, therefore, that but small doses of this
+nauseously bitter medicament were taken at once, and to take a
+large draught, <i>to drink up</i> a quantity, "would be an extreme
+pass of amorous demonstration sufficient, one would think, to have
+satisfied even Hamlet." Our ancestors seem to have been partial to
+medicated wines; and it is most probable that the wormwood wine
+Pepys gave his friends had only a slight infusion of the bitter
+principle; for we can hardly conceive that such "pottle draughts"
+as two quarts could be taken as a treat, of such a nostrum as the
+<i>Absinthites</i>, or wormwood wine, mentioned by Stuckius, or
+that prescribed by the worthy Langham.</p>
+<p class="author">S.W. SINGER.</p>
+<p>Mickleham, Sept. 30. 1850.</p>
+<p><i>Eisell</i> (Vol. ii., p. 242.).&mdash;The attempt of your
+very learned correspondent, MR. SINGER, to show that "eisell" was
+<i>wormwood</i>, is, I fear, more ingenious than satisfactory. It
+is quite true that wormwood wine and beer were ordinary beverages,
+as wormwood bitters are now; but Hamlet would have done little in
+challenging Laertes to a draught of wormwood. As to "eisell," we
+have the following account of it in the "Via Recta ad Vitam longam,
+or a Plaine Philosophical Discourse of the Nature, Faculties, and
+Effects of all such Things as by way of Nourishments, and
+Dieteticale Observations make for the Preservation of Health,
+&amp;c. &amp;c. By Jo. Venner, Doctor of Physicke at Bathe in the
+Spring and Fall, and at other Times in the Burrough of
+North-Petherton, neere to the Ancient Haven Towne of Bridgewater in
+Somersetshire. London, 1620."</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"Eisell, or the vinegar which is made of cyder, is also a good
+sauce, it is of a very penetrating nature and is like to verjuice
+in operation, but it is not so astringent, nor altogether so cold,"
+p. 97.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p class="author">J.R.N.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES.</h3>
+<p><i>Feltham's Works</i> (Vol. ii., p. 133.).&mdash;In addition to
+the works enumerated by E.N.W., Feltham wrote <i>A Discourse upon
+Ecclesiastes</i> ii. 11.; <i>A Discourse upon St. Luke</i> xiv.
+20.; and <i>A Form of Prayer composed for the Family of the Right
+Honourable the Countess of Thomond</i>. These two lists, I believe,
+comprise the whole of his writings. The meaning of the passage in
+his <i>Remarks on the Low Countries</i>, appears to be this, that a
+person "courtly or gentle" would receive as little kindness from
+the inhabitants, and show as great a contrast to their boorishness,
+as the handsome and docile merlin (which is the smallest of the
+falcon tribe, anciently denominated "noble"), among a crowd of
+noisy, cunning, thievish crows; neither remarkable for their beauty
+nor their politeness. The words "after Michaelmas" are used because
+"the merlin does not breed here, but visits us in October."
+<i>Bewick's British Birds</i>, vol. i. p. 43.</p>
+<p class="author">T.H. KERSLEY.</p>
+<p>King William's College, Isle of Man.</p>
+<p><i>Harefinder</i> (Vol. ii., p. 216.).&mdash;The following lines
+from Drayton's <i>Polyolbion</i>, Song 23., sufficiently
+illustrates this term:&mdash;</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"The man whose vacant mind prepares him to the sport</p>
+<p>The <i>Finder</i> sendeth out, to seeke out nimble
+<i>Wat</i>,&mdash;</p>
+<p>Which crosseth in the field, each furlong every flat,</p>
+<p>Till he this pretty beast upon the form hath found:</p>
+<p>Then viewing for the course which is the fairest ground,</p>
+<p>The greyhounds forth are brought, for coursing then in case,</p>
+<p>And, choycely in the slip, one leading forth a brace;</p>
+<p>The Finder puts her up, and gives her coursers' law,"</p>
+<p>&amp;c.</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>In the margin, at the second line, are the words, <i>The
+Harefinder</i>. What other instances are there of <i>Wat</i>, as a
+name of the hare? It does not occur in the very curious list in the
+<i>Reliqui&aelig; Antiqu&aelig;</i>, i. 133.</p>
+<p class="author">K.</p>
+<p><i>Fool or a Physician&mdash;Rising and Setting Sun</i> (Vol.
+i., p. 157.).&mdash;The inquiry of your correspondent C. FORBES,
+respecting the authorship of the two well-known sayings on these
+subjects, seems to have received no reply. He thinks that we owe
+them both to that "imperial Macchiavel, Tiberius." He is right with
+respect to the one, and wrong with regard to the other. The saying,
+"that a man after thirty must be either a fool or a physician,"
+had, as it appears, its origin from Tiberius; but the observation
+that "more worship the rising than the setting sun," is to be
+attributed to Pompey.</p>
+<p>Tacitus says of Tiberius, that he was "solitus eludere medicorum
+artes, atque eos qui post tricesimum &aelig;tatis annum ad
+internoscenda corpori <span class="pagenum"><a name="page316" id=
+"page316"></a>{316}</span> suo utilia vel noxia alieni consilia
+indigerent." <i>Annal</i>. vi. 46. Suetonius says: "Valetudine
+prosperrim&acirc; usus est,&mdash;quamvis a tricesimo &aelig;tatis
+anno arbitratu eam suo rexerit, sine adjumento consiliove
+medicorum." <i>Tib.</i> c. 68. And Plutarch, in his precepts <i>de
+Valetudine tuend&acirc;</i>, c. 49., says&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>[Greek: "Aekousa Tiberion pote Kaisara eipein, hos anaer huper
+hexaekonta [sic vulg&ograve;, sed bene corrigit Lipsius ad Tac.
+loc. cit. triakonta] gegonos etae, kai proteinon iatro cheira,
+katagelastos estin."]</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>These passages sufficiently indicate the origin of the saying;
+but who first gave it the pointed form in which we now have it, by
+coupling <i>fool</i> with <i>physician</i>, I am not able to
+tell.</p>
+<p>The authority for giving the other saying to Pompey, is
+Plutarch, who says that when Pompey, after his return from Africa,
+applied to the senate for the honour of a triumph, he was opposed
+by Sylla, to whom he observed, [Greek: "Oti ton aelion anatellonta
+pleiones ae duomenon proskunousin,"] that more worship the rising
+than the setting sun&mdash;intimating that his own power was
+increasing, and that of Sylla verging to its fall. (<i>Vit.
+Pomp</i>. c. 22.)</p>
+<p class="author">J.S.W.</p>
+<p>Stockwell, Sept. 7.</p>
+<p><i>Papers of Perjury</i> (Vol. ii., p. 182.).&mdash;In the
+absence of a "graphic account," it may interest your correspondent
+S.R. to be referred to the two following instances of "perjurers
+wearing papers denoting their crime." In <i>Machyn's Diary</i>,
+edited by the accomplished antiquary, John Gough Nichols, Esq., and
+published by the Camden Society, at p. 104. occurs the
+following:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"A.D. 1556, April 28th.... The sam day was sett on the pelere in
+Chepe iij. [men; two] was for the preuerment of wyllfull perjure,
+the iij. was for wyllfull perjure, with <i>paper sett over their
+hedes</i>."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>In the same works at p. 250., we have also this additional
+illustration:</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"A.D. 1560&mdash;I. The xij. day of Feybruary xj. men of the
+North was of a quest; because they gayff a wrong evyde [nee, and]
+thay ware paper <i>a-pon their hedes</i> for perjure."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p class="author">J. GOODWIN.</p>
+<p>Birmingham.</p>
+<p><i>Pilgrims' Road to Canterbury.</i>&mdash;Being acquainted with
+the road to which your correspondent S.H. (Vol. ii., p. 237.)
+alludes, he will, perhaps, allow me to say, that in the
+neighbourhood of Kemsing a tradition is current, that a certain
+line of road, which may be traced from Otford to Wrotham, was the
+pilgrims' road from <i>Winchester</i> to Canterbury. How far this
+may be correct I know not.</p>
+<p>I have not been able to discover any road in the neighbourhood
+of this city which goes by the name of the <i>pilgrims'</i>
+road.</p>
+<p>If any of your correspondents would furnish any particulars
+respecting this road, I shall feel much obliged.</p>
+<p class="author">R.V.</p>
+<p>Winchester.</p>
+<p><i>Capture of Henry VI.</i> (Vol. ii., p. 228.).&mdash;In his
+correction of your correspondent, CLERICUS CRAVENSIS, MR. NICHOLS
+states:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"Both Sir John Tempest and Sir James Harrington of Brierley,
+near Barnesley, were concerned in the king's capture, and each
+received 100 marks reward; but the fact of Sir Thomas Talbot being
+the chief actor, is shown by his having received the larger reward
+of 100<i>l.</i>"</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>In this statement appears entirely to have been overlooked the
+grant of lands made by King Edward IV. to Sir James
+Harrington&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"For his services in taking prisoner, and withholding as such in
+diligence and valour, his enemy Henry, lately called King Henry
+VI."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>This grant, which was confirmed in Parliament, embraced the
+castle, manor, and domain of Thurland; a park, called Fayzet Whayte
+Park, with lands, &amp;c. in six townships in the county of
+Lancaster; lands at Burton in Lonsdale, co. York; and Holme, in
+Kendal, co. Westmoreland, the forfeited lands of Sir Richard
+Tunstell, and other "rebels." So considerable a recognition of the
+services of Sir James Harrington would seem to demand something
+more than the second-rate position given to them by your
+correspondent. The order to give Sir James Harrington possession of
+the lands under his grant will be found in Rymer. The grant itself
+is printed in the <i>Nug&aelig; Antiqu&aelig;</i>, by Henry
+Harrington, 1775 (vol. ii. p. 121.), and will, I believe, be found
+in Baines' <i>Lancashire</i>. Mr. Henry Harrington observes that
+the lands were afterwards lost to his family by the misfortune of
+Sir James and his brother being on the wrong side at Bosworth
+Field; after which they were both attainted for serving Richard
+III. and Edward IV., "and commanding the party which seized Henry
+VI. and conducted him to the Tower."</p>
+<p class="author">H.K.S.C.</p>
+<p>Brixton.</p>
+<p><i>Andrew Becket</i> (Vol. ii., p. 266.), about whom A.W.
+HAMMOND inquires, when I knew him, about twelve years ago, was a
+strange whimsical old gentleman, full of "odd crotchets," and
+abounding in theatrical anecdote and the "gossip of the
+green-room." But as to his ever having been "a <i>profound</i>
+commentator on the dramatic works of Shakspeare," I must beg leave
+to express my doubts. At one period he filled the post of
+sublibrarian to the Prince Regent; and that he was "ardently
+devoted to the pursuits of literature" cannot be a question.</p>
+<p>His published works, as far as I can learn, are as
+follows:&mdash;</p>
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="page317" id=
+"page317"></a>{317}</span>
+<blockquote>
+<p>1. A Trip to Holland, 1801.</p>
+<p>2. Socrates, a dramatic poem, 8vo. 1806.</p>
+<p>3. Lucianus Redivivus, or Dialogues concerning Men, Manners, and
+Opinions, 8vo. 1812.</p>
+<p>4. Shakspeare's Himself, or the Language of the Poet asserted;
+being a full but dispassionate Examin of the Readings and
+Interpretations of the several Editors, 2 vols. 8vo. 1815.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p class="author">EDWARD F. RIMBAULT.</p>
+<p><i>Passage in Vida</i> (Vol. i., p. 384.).&mdash;Your
+correspondent A.W. asks for some light on the lines of Vida,
+<i>Christiad</i>, i. 67.:</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"Quin age, te incolumi potius....</p>
+<p>...</p>
+<p>Perficias quodcumque tibi nunc instat agendum."</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>He cannot construe "te incolumi." No wonder. Will not all be set
+right by reading, "Quin age, et incolumi," &amp;c.?</p>
+<p class="author">J.S.W.</p>
+<p>Stockwell, Sept. 7.</p>
+<p>"<i>Quem Deus vult perdere</i>" (Vol. i., p. 347.,
+&amp;c.).&mdash;To the illustrations of the saying "<i>Quem Deus
+vult perdere prius dementat</i>," which have been given, may be
+added the following from the <i>Fragments of Constantinus
+Manasses</i> (edited with <i>Nicet. Eugen</i>., by Boissonade.
+Paris, 1819), book viii. line 40.:&mdash;</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>[Greek: "Ho gar theos aptomenos anthropou dianoias</p>
+<p>Haenika to dusdaimoni kirnaesi penthous poma,</p>
+<p>Ouden pollakis sugchorei bouleusasthai sumpheron."]</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p class="author">J.E.B. MAYOR.</p>
+<p>Marlborough College.</p>
+<p><i>Countess of Desmond</i> (Vol. ii., pp. 153. 186.).&mdash;R.
+is referred to Smith's <i>History of Cork</i>, and <i>European
+Magazine</i>, vol. viii., for particulars respecting the Countess
+of Desmond. They show her picture at Knowle House, Kent, or
+Penshurst (I forget which); and tell the story of the fall from the
+cherry (or plum) tree, adding that she cut three sets of teeth!</p>
+<p class="author">WEDSECNARF.</p>
+<p><i>Confession</i> (Vol. ii., p. 296.).&mdash;The name asked for
+by U.J.B. of the Catholic priest, who, sooner than break the seal
+of confession, suffered death, is John of Nepomuc, Canon of Prague.
+By order of the Emperor Wenceslas, he was thrown off a bridge into
+the Muldaw, because he would not tell that profligate prince the
+confession of his religious empress. This holy man is honoured as
+St. John Nepomucen on the 16th of May, in the kalendar of
+Saints.</p>
+<p class="author">D. ROCK.</p>
+<p class="note">[U.J.B., if desirous of further particulars
+respecting St. John Nepomuc, may consult Mrs. Jameson's interesting
+<i>Legends of the Monastic Orders</i>, pp. 214. 217.&mdash;ED.]</p>
+<p><i>Cavell, meaning of</i> (Vol. i., p. 473.).&mdash;I concur
+entirely with the etymology of the word <i>cavell</i> given at p.
+473. A lake having been drained in my country, the land is still
+divided into <i>Kavelingen</i>; as lots of land were formerly
+measured by strings of cord, <i>kavel</i>, <i>kabel</i>,
+<i>cable</i>. Vide Tuinman <i>Trakkel</i>, d. n. t. p. 165.
+<i>Kavelloten</i> is to receive a cavell by <i>lot.</i> cf.
+<i>Idem, Verrolg</i>, p. 97.</p>
+<p class="author">JANUS DOUSA.</p>
+<p><i>Lord Kingsborough's Antiquities of Mexico.</i>&mdash;Has Lord
+Kingsborough's splendid work on Mexican hieroglyphics ever been
+completed or not?</p>
+<p class="author">J.A. GILES.</p>
+<p class="note">[This magnificent work has been recently completed
+by the publication of the eighth volume, which may, we believe, be
+procured from Mr. Henry Bohn.&mdash;ED.]</p>
+<p><i>A&euml;rostation</i> (Vol. ii., p. 199.).&mdash;The article
+BALLOON, in the <i>Penny Cyclop&aelig;dia</i>, would give C.B.M. a
+good many references. The early works there mentioned are those of
+Faujas de St. Fond, Bourgeois, and Cavallo; to which I add the
+following: Thomas Baldwin, <i>Airopaidia, containing the Narrative
+of a Balloon Excursion from Chester, Sept</i>. 8. 1785. Chester,
+1786, 8vo. (pp. 360.).</p>
+<p>Vincent Lunardi published the account of his voyage (the first
+made in England) in a series of letters to a friend. The title is
+torn out in my copy. The first page begins, "An Account of the
+First A&euml;rial Voyage in England. Letter I. London, July 15.
+1784." (8vo. pp. 66 + ii. with a plate.) It ends with a poetical
+epistle to Lunardi by "a gentleman well known in the literary
+world" (query, the same who is thus cited in our day?) from which
+the following extracts are taken as a specimen of the original
+balloon jokes:&mdash;</p>
+<div class="poem">
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"The multitude scarcely believed that a man,</p>
+<p>With his senses about him could form such a plan,</p>
+<p>And thought that as Bedlam was so very nigh,</p>
+<p>You had better been there than turned loose in the sky.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<hr /></div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"In their own way of thinking, all felt and all reasoned,</p>
+<p>Greedy aldermen judged that your flight was ill-seasoned,</p>
+<p>That you'd better have taken a good dinner first,</p>
+<p>Nor have pinched your poor stomach by hunger or thirst.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"In perfect indifference the beau yawned a blessing,</p>
+<p>And feared before night that your hair would want dressing;</p>
+<p>But the ladies, all zeal, sent their wishes in air,</p>
+<p>For a man of such spirit is ever their care.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="stanza">
+<p>"Attornies were puzzled how now they could sue you,</p>
+<p>Underwriters, what premium they'd now take to do you;</p>
+<p>While the sallow-faced Jew, of his monies so fond,</p>
+<p>Thanked Moses he never had taken your bond."</p>
+</div>
+</div>
+<p>Mr. Baldwin ascended in Lunardi's balloon, the latter being
+present at the start, though not taking part in the voyage.</p>
+<p class="author">M.</p>
+<p><i>Concolinel</i> (Vol. ii., p. 217.).&mdash;I have been many
+years engaged in researches connected with <span class=
+"pagenum"><a name="page318" id="page318"></a>{318}</span> the
+<i>original</i> music of Shakspeare's Plays, but it has not been my
+good fortune to meet with the air of <i>Concolinel</i>. The
+communication of your correspondent R. is of the greatest interest,
+and I should be for ever grateful if he would allow me to see the
+manuscript in question, in order that I might test the
+<i>genuineness</i> of the air "stated, in a recent hand, to be the
+tune of <i>Concolinel</i> mentioned by Shakspeare."</p>
+<p>This air has double claims on our attention, as its existence,
+in any shape, is placed amongst the "doubtful" points by the
+following note extracted from the Rev. J. Hunter's <i>New
+Illustrations of Shakspeare</i>, vol. i. p. 268.:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"Concolinel. In the absence of any thing like sufficient
+explanation or justification of this word, if word it is, I will
+venture to suggest the possibility that it is a corruption of a
+stage direction, <i>Cantat Ital.</i>, for <i>Cantat
+Italic&eacute;</i>; meaning that here Moth sings an Italian song.
+It is quite evident, from what Armado says, when the song was
+ended, 'Sweet air!' that a song of some sort was sung, and one
+which Shakespeare was pleased with, and meant to praise. If Moth's
+song had been an English song, it would have been found in its
+place as the other songs are."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>I, for one, cannot subscribe to Mr. Hunter's suggestion that our
+great poet intended an <i>Italian</i> song to be sung in his play
+and for this reason, that Italian music for a <i>single voice</i>
+was almost unknown in this country in 1597, at which date we know
+<i>Love's Labour's Lost</i> was in existence. Surely
+<i>Concolinel</i> is just as likely to be the burden of a song as
+<i>Calen o Custure me</i>, mentioned in <i>Henry the Fifth</i> (Act
+iv. sc. 4.), of which there is now no doubt.</p>
+<p>I may just mention, in passing, that I have discovered the air
+of <i>Calen o Custure me</i> in a manuscript that once belonged to
+Queen Elizabeth, and have ample proof that it was an especial
+favourite with her maiden majesty. The commentators were at fault
+when they pointed out the more modern tune of the same name in
+Playford's <i>Musical Companion</i>, 1667.</p>
+<p class="author">EDWARD F. RIMBAULT.</p>
+<p>S. Augustus Square, Regent's Park.</p>
+<p><i>Andrewes's Tortura Torti</i> (Vol. ii., p. 295.).&mdash;On
+what forms Mr. Bliss's third quotation, which <i>does</i> appear in
+some shape in Bernard, <i>De Consid. ad Eugen.</i>, iii. 4. 18.,
+the <i>Bibliotheca Juridica</i>, &amp;c., of Ferraris observes,
+under the head of <i>Dispensatio</i>: "Hinc dispensatio sine justa
+causa non dispensatio sed dissipatio dicitur communiter a
+doctoribus, ut observant et tenent Sperell;" then referring to
+several Romish canonists, &amp;c., the last being Reiffenstuel,
+lib. i., <i>Decretal</i>, tit. 2., n. 450., of which I give the
+full reference, his volumes being accessible in the British Museum,
+if not elsewhere.</p>
+<p class="author">NOVUS.</p>
+<p><i>Swords worn in Public</i> (Vol. ii., p. 218.)&mdash;A very
+respected and old friend of mine, now deceased, used to relate that
+he had often seen the celebrated Wilkes, of political notoriety,
+walking in the public streets, dressed in what is usually termed
+court dress, wearing his sword. Wilkes died in 1797. In connexion
+with this subject it may be interesting to your readers to know
+that in 1701 it was found necessary to prohibit footmen wearing
+swords. An order was issued by the Earl Marshal in that year,
+declaring that&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"Whereas many mischiefs and dangerous accidents, tending not
+onely to the highest breach of the peace, but also to the
+destruction of the lives of his Ma'ties subjects, have happend and
+been occasioned by Footmen wearing of Swords, for the prevention of
+the like evill accidents and disturbance for the future, I doe
+hereby order that no Foot-man attending any of the Nobilitye or
+Gentry of his Ma'ties Realms, during such time as they or any of
+them shall reside or bee within the Cities of London or Westm'r,
+and the Liberties and Precincts of the same, shall wear any Sword,
+Hanger, Bagonet, or other such like offensive weapon, as they will
+answer the Contempt hereof." Dated 30th Dec. 1701.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p class="author">F.E.</p>
+<p><i>Speech given to Man to conceal his Thoughts</i> (Vol. i., p.
+83.).&mdash;The maxim quoted by your correspondent F.R.A. was
+invented, if I may rely upon the <i>notebook</i> of memory, by the
+Florentine Machiavelli. The German writer Ludwig B&ouml;rne
+says:&mdash;</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>"Macchiavelli, der die Freiheit liebte, schrieb seinem Prinzen
+so, dass er alle rechtschaffenen Psychologen in Verlegenheit und in
+solche Verwirrung gebracht, dass sie gar nicht mehr wussten, was
+sie sprachen und sie behaupteten, Macchiavelli habe eine politische
+Satyre geschrieben."</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>Le style c'est l'homme!</p>
+<p class="author">JANUS DOUSA.</p>
+<p><i>The Character "&amp;,", and Meaning of "Parse"</i> (Vol. ii.,
+pp. 230. 284.).&mdash;This character, being different from any of
+the twenty-four letters, was placed at the end of the alphabet, and
+children, after repeating their letters, were taught to indicate
+this symbol as <i>and-per-se-and</i>. Instead of spelling the word
+<i>and</i>, as composed of three letters, it was denoted by a
+special symbol, which was "<i>and by itself, and</i>." Hence the
+corruption, an <i>ampussy and</i>.</p>
+<p>The word <i>parse</i> is also derived from the Latin <i>per
+se</i>. To <i>parse</i> a sentence is to take the words <i>per
+se</i>, and to explain their grammatical form and etymology.</p>
+<p class="author">L.</p>
+<p><i>Wife of Edward the Outlaw</i> (Vol. ii., p. 279.).&mdash;With
+reference to the Query of E.H.Y. (Vol. ii., p. 279.), there seems
+to be much confusion in all the accounts of Edward's marriage. I
+think it is evident, from an attentive consideration of the various
+authorities, that the Lady Agatha was <span class=
+"pagenum"><a name="page319" id="page319"></a>{319}</span> either
+sister to Giselle, wife of <i>Stephen</i>, King of Hungary (to whom
+the young princes must have been sent, as <i>he</i> reigned from
+A.D. 1000 till A.D. 1038), and sister also to the Emperor Henry
+II., or, as some writers seem to think, she was the daughter of
+Bruno, that emperor's brother. (See a note in Dr. Lingard's
+<i>History</i>, vol. i. p. 349.)</p>
+<p>That she was not the <i>daughter</i> of either Henry II., Henry
+III., or Henry IV., is very certain; in the first case, for the
+reason stated by your correspondent; and in the second, because
+Henry III. was only twelve years old when he succeeded his father
+Conrad II. (in the year 1039), which of course puts his son Henry
+IV. quite out of the question, who was born A.D. 1049. It strikes
+me (and perhaps some of your correspondents will correct me if I am
+wrong) that the two English princes <i>may</i> have respectively
+married the two ladies to whom I have referred, and that hence may
+have arisen the discrepancies in the different histories: but that
+the wife of Edward the Outlaw was <i>one</i> of these two I have no
+doubt.</p>
+<p class="author">O.P.Q.</p>
+<p><i>Translations of the Scriptures</i> (Vol. ii., p.
+229.).&mdash;C.F.S. may perhaps find <i>The Bible of every
+Land</i>, now publishing by Messrs. Bagster, serviceable in his
+inquiries respecting Roman Catholic translations of the Scriptures.
+The saying of the Duke of Lancaster is found in the first edition
+of Foxe's <i>Acts and Monuments</i>, and in the modern reprint, iv.
+674.; the original of the treatise from which it is taken being in
+C.C. College, Cambridge. (See Nasmith's <i>Catalogue</i>, p.
+333.)</p>
+<p class="author">NOVUS.</p>
+<p><i>Scalping</i> (Vol. ii., p. 220.).&mdash;W.B.D. confounds
+beheading with scalping. In the American war many British soldiers,
+it was said, walked about without their <i>scalps</i>, but not
+without their heads.</p>
+<p class="author">SANDVICENSIS.</p>
+<hr class="full" />
+<h2>MISCELLANEOUS.</h2>
+<h3>NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC.</h3>
+<p>No one branch of antiquarian study has been pursued with greater
+success during the last few years than that of Gothic Architecture;
+and, to this success, no single work has contributed in any
+proportion equal to that of the <i>Glossary of Terms used in
+Grecian, Roman, Italian, and Gothic Architecture</i>. Since the
+year 1836, in which this work first appeared, no fewer than four
+large editions, each an improvement upon its predecessor, have been
+called for and exhausted. The fifth edition is now before us; and,
+we have no doubt, will meet, as it deserves, the same extended
+patronage and success. When we announce that in this fifth edition
+the text has been considerably augmented by the enlargement of many
+of the old articles, as well as by the addition of many new ones,
+among which Professor Willis has embodied a great part of his
+<i>Architectural Nomenclature of the Middle Ages</i>; that the
+number of woodcuts has been increased from eleven hundred to
+seventeen hundred; and lastly, that the Index has been rendered far
+more complete, by including in it the names of places mentioned,
+and the foreign synonyms; we have done more to show its increased
+value than any mere words of commendation would express. While the
+only omission that has been made, namely, that of the utensils and
+ornaments of the Medi&aelig;val Church (with the exception of the
+few such as altars, credences, piscinas, and sedilias, which belong
+to architectural structure and decoration), is a portion of the
+work which all must admit to have been foreign to a Glossary of
+Architectural Terms, and must therefore agree to have been wisely
+and properly left out. The work in its present form is, we believe,
+unequalled in the architectural literature of Europe, for the
+amount of accurate information which it furnishes, and the beauty
+of its illustrations; and as such, therefore, does the highest
+credit both to its editor and to its publisher; if, indeed, the
+editor and publisher be not identical.</p>
+<p>Mr. L.A. Lewis, of 125. Fleet Street, has commenced a series of
+weekly Book Sales, to take place every Friday during the months of
+October and November, and has arranged that parties sending large
+or small parcels of books for sale during the one week, may have
+them sold on the Friday in the week following.</p>
+<p>We have received the following Catalogues:&mdash;Bernard
+Quaritch's (16. Castle Street, Leicester Square) Catalogue No. 19.
+for 1850 of Oriental Literature, Manuscripts, Theology, Classics,
+&amp;c.; John Miller's (43. Chandos Street) Catalogue No. 12. for
+1850 of History, Antiquities, Heraldry, &amp;c., and Conchology,
+Geology, and other popular Sciences.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES</h3>
+<h4>WANTED TO PURCHASE.</h4>
+<p>An early Edition of the HISTORY OF JACK AND THE GIANTS.</p>
+<h4>Odd Volumes</h4>
+<p>TURNER'S SACRED HISTORY. Vol. III. First Edition, 8vo.</p>
+<p>Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, <i>carriage
+free</i>, to be sent to Mr. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES,"
+186. Fleet Street.</p>
+<hr />
+<h3>NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS.</h3>
+<p>VOLUME THE FIRST OF NOTES AND QUERIES, <i>with Title-page and
+very copious Index, is now ready, price 9s. 6d., bound in cloth,
+and may be had, by order, of all Booksellers and Newsmen</i>.</p>
+<p><i>The Monthly Part for September, being the Fourth of Vol. II.,
+is also now ready, price 1s.</i></p>
+<p>NOTES AND QUERIES <i>may be procured by the Trade at noon on
+Friday: so that our country Subscribers ought to experience no
+difficulty in receiving it regularly. Many of the country
+Booksellers are probably not yet aware of this arrangement, which
+enables them to receive Copies in their Saturday parcels</i>.</p>
+<p><i>As the Suggestion we threw out in our last week's Paper of
+publishing an extra Number for the purpose of clearing off our
+accumulation of REPLIES, seems to have given general satisfaction,
+we shall, on Saturday next, issue a Double Number, to be devoted
+chiefly, if not entirely, to REPLIES.</i></p>
+<hr class="adverts" />
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="page320" id=
+"page320"></a>{320}</span>
+<p>THE QUARTERLY REVIEW, No. CLXXIV., is published THIS DAY.</p>
+<p>CONTENTS</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>I. TICKNOR'S HISTORY OF SPANISH LITERATURE. II. CHURCH AND
+EDUCATION IN WALES. III. FORMS OF SALUTATION. IV. SIBERIA AND
+CALIFORNIA. V. MURE ON THE LITERATURE OF GREECE. VI. METROPOLITAN
+WATER SUPPLY. VII. ANECDOTES OF THE PROVISIONAL GOVERNMENT. VIII.
+COCHRANE'S YOUNG ITALY. IX. LAST DAYS OF LOUIS-PHILIPPE.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>JOHN MURRAY, Albemarle Street.</p>
+<hr />
+<p>Published this day Saturday, October 12th,</p>
+<p>KNIGHT'S PICTORIAL SHAKSPEARE. The NATIONAL EDITION. Part 1.,
+containing THE TWO GENTLEMEN OF VERONA, with Forty Illustrations,
+Price 1<i>s.</i></p>
+<p>London: CHARLES KNIGHT, 90. Fleet Street.</p>
+<hr />
+<p>KNIGHT'S CYCLOP&AElig;DIA OF THE INDUSTRY OF ALL NATIONS. Number
+I., price 2<i>d.</i></p>
+<p>KNIGHT'S CYCLOP&AElig;DIA OF LONDON. Number 1., price 2<i>d.</i>
+The above will be published on Saturday, November 2, and continued
+Weekly.</p>
+<p>London: CHARLES KNIGHT, 90. Fleet Street.</p>
+<p>And sold by all Booksellers in Town and Country.</p>
+<hr />
+<p>INDIA OVERLAND MAIL.&mdash;DIORAMA. GALLERY OF ILLUSTRATION, 14.
+Regent Street, Waterloo Place.&mdash;A Gigantic MOVING DIORAMA of
+the ROUTE of the OVERLAND MAIL to INDIA, exhibiting the following
+Places, viz. Southampton Docks, Isle of Wight, Osbourne, the
+Needles, the Bay of Biscay, the Berlings, Cintra, the Tagus, Cape
+Trafalgar, Tarifa, Gibraltar, Algiers, Malta, Alexandria, Cairo,
+the Desert of Suez, the Central Station, Suez, the Red Sea, Aden,
+Ceylon, Madras, and Calcutta&mdash;is now OPEN
+DAILY.&mdash;Mornings at Twelve; Afternoons at Three; and Evenings
+at Eight.&mdash;Admission, 1<i>s.</i>; Stalls, 2<i>s.</i>
+6<i>d.</i>; Reserved Seats, 3<i>s.</i> Doors open half an hour
+before each Representation.</p>
+<hr />
+<p>On the 1st of October, No. 12, price 5<i>s.</i>, published
+Quarterly,</p>
+<p>THE JOURNAL OF SACRED LITERATURE. Edited by JOHN KITTO, D.D.,
+F.S.A.</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>CONTENTS. Genesis and Geology. The Bible and Josephus. On the
+Authorship of the Acts of the Apostles. Jewish Commentaries on
+Isaiah. Voices of the Night. On the Literal Interpretation of
+Prophecy. Ramathaim Zephim and Rachel's Sepulchre. The Life of Hugh
+Heugh, D.D. Reconsidered Texts. Miscellanea.</p>
+</blockquote>
+<p>Correspondence.&mdash;Notices of Books.&mdash;Biblical
+Intelligence&mdash;List of Publications.</p>
+<p>London: SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, and CO., Stationer's Hall Court.
+Edinburgh: OLIVER and BOYD. Dublin: J. ROBERTSON, Grafton
+Street.</p>
+<hr />
+<p>Second Edition, with illustrations, 12mo., 3<i>s.</i> cloth.</p>
+<p>THE BELL; its Origin, History, and Uses. By the Rev. ALFRED
+GATTY, Vicar of Ecclesfield.</p>
+<p>"A new and revised edition of a very varied, learned, and
+amusing essay on the subject of bells."&mdash;<i>Spectator</i>.</p>
+<p>GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.</p>
+<hr />
+<p>JOURNAL FRANCAIS, publi&eacute; &agrave; Londres.&mdash;Le
+COURRIER de l'EUROPE, fond&eacute; en 1840 paraissant le Samedi,
+donne dans chaque num&eacute;ro les nouvelles de la semaine, les
+meilleurs articles de tous les journaux de Paris, la Semaine
+Dramatique par Th. Gautier ou J. Janin, la R&eacute;vue de Paris
+par Pierre Durand, et reproduit en entier les romans, nouvelles,
+etc., en vogue par les premiers &eacute;crivains de France. Prix
+6<i>d.</i></p>
+<p>London: JOSEPH THOMAS, 1. Finch Lane.</p>
+<hr />
+<p>IMPORTANT TO AUTHORS.&mdash;Gentlemen about to PRINT and PUBLISH
+either BOOKS or PAMPHLETS, will save nearly ONE HALF by employing
+HOPE &amp; CO., Publishers, 16. Great Marlborough Street. A
+Specimen Pamphlet of Bookwork, with Prices, a complete Author's
+Guide, sent post free for 4<i>d.</i></p>
+<hr />
+<p>MEMOIRS OF MUSICK. By the Hon. ROGER NORTH, Attorney-General to
+James I. Now first printed from the original MS. and edited, with
+copious Notes, by EDWARD F. RIMBAULT, LL.D., F.S.A., &amp;c.
+&amp;c. Quarto; with a Portrait; handsomely printed in 4to.;
+half-bound in morocco, 15<i>s.</i></p>
+<p>This interesting MS., so frequently alluded to by Dr. Burney in
+the course of his "History of Music," has been kindly placed at the
+disposal of the Council of the Musical Antiquarian Society, by
+George Townshend Smith, Esq., Organist of Hereford Cathedral. But
+the Council, not feeling authorised to commence a series of
+literary publications, yet impressed with the value of the work,
+have suggested its independent publication to their Secretary, Dr.
+Rimbault, under whose editorial care it accordingly appears.</p>
+<p>It abounds with interesting Musical Anecdotes; the Greek Fables
+respecting the origin of Music; the rise and progress of Musical
+Instruments; the early Musical Drama; the origin of our present
+fashionable Concerts; the first performance of the Beggar's Opera,
+&amp;c.</p>
+<p>A limited number having been printed, few copies remain for
+sale: unsold copies will shortly be raised in price to 1<i>l.</i>
+10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
+<p>Folio, price 30<i>s.</i></p>
+<p>THE CHORAL RESPONSES AND LITANIES OF THE UNITED CHURCH OF
+ENGLAND AND IRELAND. Collected from Authentic Sources. By the Rev.
+JOHN JEBB, A.M., Rector of Peterstow.</p>
+<p>The present Work contains a full collection of the harmonized
+compositions of ancient date, including nine sets of pieces and
+responses, and fifteen litanies, with a few of the more ancient
+Psalm Chants. They are given in full score, and in their proper
+cliffs. In the upper part, however, the treble is substituted for
+the "cantus" or "medius" cliff: and the whole work is so arranged
+as to suit the library of the musical student, and to be fit for
+use in the Choir.</p>
+<p>London: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.</p>
+<hr />
+<p>Just Published, Octavo Edition, plain, 15<i>s.</i>, Quarto
+Edition, having the Plates of the Tesselated Pavements all
+coloured, 1<i>l.</i> 5<i>s.</i></p>
+<p>REMAINS of ROMAN ART in Cirencester, the Site of Ancient
+Corinium; containing Plates by De la Motte, of the magnificent
+Tesselated Pavements discovered in August and September, 1849, with
+copies of the grand Heads of Ceres, Flora, and Pomona; reduced by
+the Talbotype from facsimile tracings of the original; together
+with various other plates and numerous wood engravings.</p>
+<p>In the Quarto edition the folding of the plates necessary for
+the smaller volume is avoided.</p>
+<p>"These heads (Ceres, Flora, and Pomona) are of a high order of
+art, and Mr. De la Motte, by means of the Talbotype, has so
+successfully reduced them that the engravings are perfect
+facsimiles of the originals. They are, perhaps, the best of the
+kind, every tessella apparently being represented.</p>
+<p>"Our authors have very advantageously brought to their task a
+knowledge of geology and chemistry, and the important aid which an
+application of these sciences confers on arch&aelig;ology, is
+strikingly shown in the chapter on the materials of the
+tessell&aelig;, which also includes a valuable report by Dr.
+VOELCKER, on an analysis of ruby glass, which formed part of the
+composition of one of the Cirencester pavements. This portion of
+the volume is too elaborate and circumstantial for any justice to
+be done to it in an extract."&mdash;<i>Gentleman's Mag.,
+Sept.</i></p>
+<p>London: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.</p>
+<hr />
+<p>Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at
+No. 5. New Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride in the City of
+London; and published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in
+the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of London,
+Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.&mdash;Saturday,
+October 12. 1850.</p>
+<hr class="full" />
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<pre>
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes & Queries, No. 50. Saturday,
+October 12, 1850, by Various
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES & QUERIES, NO. 50. ***
+
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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes & Queries, No. 50. Saturday, October
+12, 1850, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Notes & Queries, No. 50. Saturday, October 12, 1850
+       A Medium Of Inter-Communication For Literary Men, Artists,
+       Antiquaries, Genealogists, Etc.
+
+
+Author: Various
+
+Release Date: September 28, 2004 [EBook #13551]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES & QUERIES, NO. 50. ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Jon Ingram, David King, the PG Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team, and The Internet Library of Early Journals
+
+
+
+
+
+NOTES AND QUERIES:
+
+A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES,
+GENEALOGISTS, ETC.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+No. 50.] SATURDAY, OCTOBER 12, 1850 [Price Threepence. Stamped Edition 4d.
+
+       *       *       *       *       * {305}
+
+
+CONTENTS
+
+NOTES:--Page
+
+  A Note on "Small Words". 305
+  Gray's Elegy, by Bolton Corney. 306
+  Gray's Elegy in Portuguese. 306
+  Further Notes on the Authorship of Henry VIII. 306
+  Queen Elizabeth and Sir Henry Nevill, by Lord
+    Braybrooke. 307
+  Minor Notes:--Whales--Bookbinding--Scott's
+    Waverley--Satyayrata. 307
+
+QUERIES:--
+  The Black Rood of Scotland. 308
+  Minor Queries:--Trogus Pompeius--Mortuary
+    Stanzas--Laird of Grant--Bastille, Records of,--Orkney
+    under Norwegians--Swift's Works--Pride of the
+    Morning--Bishop Durdent and the Staffordshire Historians--Pope and
+    Bishop Burgess--Daniel's Irish New Testament--Ale Draper--Eugene
+    Aram--Latin Epigram--Couplet in Defoe--Books
+    wanted to refer to--Watermarks in
+    Writing-paper--Puzzling Epitaph--Cornish MSS.--Bilderdijk
+    the Poet--Egyptian MSS.--Scandinavian
+    Priesthood--Thomas Volusemus. 309
+
+REPLIES:--
+  Curfew. 311
+  Engelmann's Bibliotheca Scriptorum Classicorum. 312
+  Crozier and Pastoral Staff, by Rev. M. Walcott. 313
+  Parsons, the Staffordshire Giant, by E.F. Rimbault,
+    L.L.D. 314
+  Wormwood Wine, by S.W. Singer, &c. 315
+  Replies to Minor Queries:--Feltham's Works--Harefinder--Fool
+    or a Physician--Papers of Perjury--Pilgrim's
+    Road--Capture of Henry VI.--Andrew
+    Beckett--Passage in Vida--Quem Deus--Countess
+    of Desmond--Confession--Cayell, Meaning of,--Lord
+    Kingsborough's Mexico--Aerostation--Concolinel--Andrewes's
+    Tortura Torti, &c. 315
+
+MISCELLANEOUS:--
+  Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &c. 319
+  Books and Odd Volumes Wanted. 319
+  Notices to Correspondents. 319
+  Advertisements. 320
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+NOTES.
+
+A NOTE ON "SMALL WORDS."
+
+    "And ten small words creep on in one dull line."
+
+Most ingenious! most felicitous! but let no man despise little words,
+despite of the little man of Twickenham. He himself knew better, but
+there was no resisting the temptation of such a line as that. Small
+words he says, in plain prosaic criticism, are generally "stiff and
+languishing, but they may be beautiful to express melancholy."
+
+The English language is a language of small words. It is, says Swift,
+"overstocked with monosyllables." It cuts down all its words to the
+shortest possible dimensions: a sort of half-Procrustes, which lops but
+never stretches. In one of the most magnificent passages in Holy Writ,
+that, namely, which describes the death of Sisera:--
+
+    "At her feet he bowed, he fell: at her feet he bowed, he fell,
+    he lay down: where he bowed, there he fell down dead."
+
+There are twenty-two monosyllables to three of greater length, or rather
+to the same dissyllable thrice repeated; and that too in common parlance
+proncounced as a monosyllable. The passage in the Book of Ezekiel, which
+Coleride is said to have considered the most sublime in the whole
+Bible,--
+
+    "And He said unto me, son of man, can these bones live? And I
+    answered, O Lord God, though knowest,"--
+
+contains seventeen monosyllables to three others. And in the most grand
+passage which commences the Gospel of St. John, from the first to the
+fourteenth verses, inclusive, there are polysyllables twenty-eight,
+monosyllables two hundred and one. This it may be said is poetry, but
+not verse, and therefore makes but little against the critic. Well then,
+out of his own mouth shall he be confuted. In the fourth epistle of his
+_Essay on Man_, a specimen selected purely at random from his works, and
+extending altogether to three hundred and ninety-eight lines, there are
+no less than twenty-seven (that is, a trifle more than one out of every
+fifteen,) made up _entirely_ of monosyllables: and over and above these,
+there are one hundred and fifteen which have in them only one word of
+greater length; and yet there are few dull creepers among the lines of
+Pope.
+
+The early writers, the "pure wells of English undefiled," are full of
+"small words."
+
+Hall, in one of the most exquisite of his satires, speaking of the
+vanity of "adding house to house, and field to field," has these most
+beautiful lines,--
+
+  "Fond fool! six feet shall serve for all thy store,
+  And he that cares for most shall find no more!"
+
+"What harmonious monosyllables!" says Mr. Gifford; and what critic will
+refuse to echo his exclamation? The same writer is full of monosyllabic
+lines, and he is among the most energetic {306} of satirists. By the
+way, it is not a little curious, that in George Webster's _White Devil,
+or Vittoria Corombona_, almost the same thought is also clothed in two
+monosyllabic lines:--
+
+  "His wealth is summed, and this is all his store:
+  This poor men get, and great men get no more."
+
+Was Young dull? Listen, for it is indeed a "solemn sound:"--
+
+  "The bell strikes one. We take no note of time
+  Save by its loss, to give it then a tongue
+  Was wise in man."
+
+Was Milton tame? Hear the "lost archangel" calling upon Hell to receive
+its new possessor:--
+
+        "One who brings
+  A mind not to be chang'd by place or time.
+  The mind is its own place, and in _itself_
+  Can make a heav'n of hell,--a hell of heav'n.
+  What _matter_ where, if I be still the same,
+  And what I should be; all but less than he
+  Whom _thunder_ hath made _greater_? Here at least
+  We shall be free; the _Almighty_ hath not built
+  Here for his _envy_; will not drive us hence:
+  Here we may reign _secure_; and in my choice
+  To reign is worth _ambition_, though in hell:
+  _Better_ to reign in hell, than serve in heav'n!"
+
+A great conjunction of little words! Are monosyllables passionless?
+Listen to the widowed Constance:--
+
+  "Thou mayst, thou shalt! I will not go with thee!
+  I will _instruct_ my _sorrows_ to be proud;
+  For grief is proud, and makes his _owner_ stout;
+  To me, and to the state of my great grief,
+  Let kings _assemble_; for my grief's so great,
+  That no _supporter_ but the huge firm earth
+  Can hold it up: here I and _sorrow_ sit;
+  Here is my throne: bid kings come bow to it."
+
+Six polysyllables only in eight lines!
+
+The ingenuity of Pope's line is great, but the criticism false. We
+applaud it only because we have never taken the trouble to think about
+the matter, and take it for granted that all monosyllabic lines must
+"creep" like that which he puts forward as a specimen. The very
+frequency of monosyllables in the compositions of our language is one
+grand cause of that frequency passing uncommented upon by the general
+reader. The investigation prompted by the criticism will serve only to
+show its unsoundness.
+
+K.I.P.B.T.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ON GRAY'S ELEGY.
+
+If required to name the most popular English poem of the last century, I
+should perhaps fix on the _Elegy_ of Gray. According to Mason, it "ran
+through eleven editions in a very short space of time." If he means
+_separate_ editions, I can point out six other impressions in the
+life-time of the poet, besides those in miscellaneous collections viz.
+In _Six Poems by Mr. T. Gray_, London, 1753. Folio--1765. Folio--and in
+_Poems by Mr. Gray_, London, 1768. small 8o.--Glasgow 1768. 4o.--London.
+A new edition, 1768. small 8o. A new edition, 1770. small 8o. So much
+has been said of translations and imitations, that I shall confine
+myself to the text.
+
+Of the _first_ separate edition I am so fortunate as to possess a copy.
+It is thus entitled:--
+
+    "_An elegy wrote in a country church-yard_. LONDON: printed for
+    R. Dodsley in Pal-mall; and sold by M. Cooper in
+    Pater-noster-row, 1751. Price six-pense. 4o six leaves.
+
+    "Advertisement.
+
+    "The following POEM came into my hands by accident, if the
+    general approbation with which this little piece has been
+    spread, may be call'd by so slight a term as accident. It is
+    this approbation which makes it unnecessary for me to make any
+    apology but to the author: as he cannot but feel some
+    satisfaction in having pleas'd so many readers already, I
+    flatter myself he will forgive my communicating that pleasure to
+    many more.
+
+    "The EDITOR."
+
+The history of this publication is given by Gray himself, in a letter to
+Walpole, dated in 1751, and needs no repetition; but I must observe, as
+a remarkable circumstance, that the poem was reprinted _anonymously_, in
+its separate form, as late as 1763.
+
+I have collated the editions of 1751 and 1770, and find variations in
+stanzas 1, 3, 5, 9, 10, 12, 23, 24, and 27. All the amendments, however,
+were adopted as early as 1753, except the correction of a grammatical
+peccadillo in the ninth stanza.
+
+I make this communication in the shape of a note, as it may interest men
+of the world not less than certain _hermits_.
+
+BOLTON CORNEY.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+GRAY'S ELEGY IN PORTUGUESE.
+
+In several numbers of the "NOTES AND QUERIES" mention is made of various
+translations into foreign languages of GRAY'S _Elegy in a Country
+Church-yard_. P.C.S.S. begs leave to add to the list a very elegant
+translation into Portuguese, by the Chevalier Antonio de Aracejo
+(afterwards Minister of Foreign Affairs at Lisbon and at Rio de
+Janeiro), to whose friendship he was indebted many years ago for a copy
+of it. It was privately printed at Lisbon towards the close of the last
+century, and was subsequently reprinted at Paris in 1802, in a work
+called _Traductions interlineaires, en six Langues_, by A.M.H. Boulard.
+
+P.C.S.S.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+FURTHER NOTES ON THE AUTHORSHIP OF SHAKSPEARE'S HENRY VIII.
+
+The Gentleman's Magazine for the present month contains a letter from
+Mr. Spedding, the author of the essay which appeared in the August {307}
+number of that magazine on the authorship of _Henry VIII._ After
+expressing himself "gratified but not surprised" by the coincidence
+between his views and those of Mr. Hickson in "NOTES AND QUERIES" (Vol.
+ii., p. 198.), Mr. Spedding proceeds:
+
+    "The resemblance of the style, in some parts of the play, to
+    Fletcher's, was pointed out to me several years ago by Alfred
+    Tennyson (for I do not know why I should not mention his name);
+    and long before that, the general distinctions between
+    Shakspeare's manner and Fletcher's had been admirably explained
+    by Charles Lamb in his note on the _Two Noble Kinsmen_, and by
+    Mr. Spalding in his Essay. And in respect to this I had myself
+    derived additional light, more, perhaps, than I am aware of,
+    from Mr. Hickson himself, if he be (as I suppose he is) the S.H.
+    of the _Westminster Review_. But having been thus put upon the
+    scent and furnished with principles, I followed the inquiry out
+    by myself, without help or communication. That two independent
+    inquirers should thus have arrived at the same conclusions upon
+    so many particulars, must certainly be considered very singular,
+    except upon one supposition; viz., that the conclusions are
+    according to reason. Upon that supposition, nothing is more
+    natural; and I must confess, for my own part, that I should have
+    been more surprised if the coincidence had been less exact."
+
+We will borrow one more paragraph from Mr. Spedding's communication
+(which is distinguished throughout by the liberality of tone of a true
+scholar), and we doubt not that the wish expressed at its conclusion is
+one in which our readers join as heartily as ourselves:--
+
+    "I hope, however, that Mr. Hickson may be induced to pursue his
+    own investigation further, and to develop more fully the
+    suggestion which he throws out as to a difference of style
+    discernible in the scenes which he attributes to Shakspeare. If
+    I understand him rightly, he sees traces in this play of the
+    earlier as well as the later hand of both poets. I cannot say
+    that I perceive any indications of this myself, nor, if it be
+    so, can I well make out how it should have come to pass. But I
+    should be glad to hear more about it."
+
+It will be seen by the following extract from Mr. Emerson's
+_Representative Men_, for which we are indebted to our correspondent
+A.R., that the subject had attracted the attention of that distinguished
+writer.--
+
+    "In _Henry VIII._, I think I see plainly the cropping out of the
+    original rock on which his (Shakspeare's) own finer stratum was
+    laid. The first play was written by a superior, thoughtful man,
+    with a vicious ear. I can mark his lines, and know well their
+    cadence. See Wolsey's Soliloquy, and the following scene with
+    Cromwell, where, instead of the metre of Shakspeare, whose
+    secret is, that the thought constructs the tune, so that reading
+    for the sense will best bring out the rhythm; here the lines are
+    constructed on a given tune, and the verse has even a trace of
+    pulpit eloquence. But the play contains, through all its length,
+    unmistakeable traits of Shakspeare's hand; and some passages, as
+    the account of the coronation, are like autographs. What is odd,
+    the compliment to Queen Elizabeth is in the bad rhythm."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+QUEEN ELIZABETH AND SIR HENRY NEVILL.
+
+Many years ago I copied the following note from a volume of Berkshire
+pedigrees in the British Museum, my reference to which is unluckily
+lost.
+
+    "Queen Elizabeth, in her first progress at Maidenhithe Bridge,
+    being mett by all the Nobility, Kn'ts, and Esquires of Berks,
+    they kneeling on both sides of her way, shee alighted at the
+    bridge foot, and walked on foote through the midst, and coming
+    just agaynst Sir Henry Nevill of Billingbear, made a stay, and
+    leyd her glove on his head, saying, 'I am glad to see thee,
+    _Brother Henry_.' Hee, not pleased with the expression, swore
+    she would make the court believe hee was a bastard, at which
+    shee laughed, and passed on."
+
+The masquing scene in _Henry VIII._, as described by Holinshed, perhaps
+furnishes a clue to the Queen's pleasantry, though Shakspeare has
+omitted the particular incident relating to Sir Henry Nevill. The old
+chronicler, after giving an account of Wolsey's banquet, and the
+entrance of a noble troop of strangers in masks, amongst whom he
+suspected that the king made one, proceeds as follows:--
+
+    "Then the Lord Chamberlain said to the Cardinal, Sir, they
+    confesse that among them there is such a noble personage whom,
+    if your Grace can appointe out 'from the rest, he is content to
+    disclose himself and to accept your place.' Whereupon the
+    Cardinal, taking good advisement among them, at the last quoth
+    he, 'Me seemeth the gentleman in the black beard should be even
+    he.' And with that he arose out of his chaire and offered the
+    same to the gentleman in the black beard, with his cap in his
+    hand. The person to whom he offered the chaire was Sir Edward
+    Nevill, a comelie knight, that much more resembled the king's
+    person in that mask than anie other. The King perceiving the
+    Cardinal so deceived, could not forbear laughing, and pulled
+    down his visor and Maister Nevill's too."
+
+Sir Edward Nevill of Aldington, in Kent, was the second surviving son of
+George Nevill, Lord Abergavenny, and the father of Sir Henry Nevill
+above mentioned, who laid the foundation-stone and built the body and
+one wing of Billingbear House, which still belongs to his descendant.
+Sir Edward Nevill was beheaded for high treason in 1538, his likeness to
+Henry VIII. not saving him from the fate which befell so many of that
+king's unhappy favourites.
+
+BRATHBROOKE.
+
+Audley End.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+MINOR NOTES.
+
+_Whales._--Tychsen thinks the stories of whales mistaken for islands
+originated in the perplexities of inexperienced sailors when first
+venturing from {308} the Mediterranean into a sea exposed to the tides.
+I think Dr. Whewell mentions that in particular situations the turn of
+the current occurs at a sufficient interval from the time of high or low
+water to perplex even the most experienced sailors.
+
+F.Q.
+
+
+_Bookbinding._--While the mischief of _mildew_ on the _inside_ of books
+has engaged some correspondents to seek for a remedy (Vol. ii., 103.
+173.), a word may be put in on behalf of the _outside_, the binding. The
+present material used in binding is so soft, flabby, and unsound, that
+it will not endure a week's service. I have seen a bound volume lately,
+with a name of repute attached to it; and certainly the _workmanship_ is
+creditable enough, but the _leather_ is just as miserable as any from
+the commonest workshop. The volume cannot have been bound many months,
+and yet even now, though in good hands, it is beginning to rub _smooth_,
+and to look, what best expresses it emphatically, _shabby_, contrasting
+most grievously with the leather of another volume, just then in use,
+bound some fifty or seventy years ago, and as sound and firm as a drum's
+head--_common_ binding too, be it observed--as the modern _cover_ is
+flabby and washy. Pray, sir, raise a voice against this wretched
+_material_, for that is the thing in fault, not the workmanship; and if
+more must be paid for undoctored outsides, let it be so.
+
+NOVUS.
+
+
+_Scott's Waverley._--Some years ago, a gentleman of my acquaintance, now
+residing in foreign parts, told me the following story:--
+
+    "Once upon a time," the great unknown being engaged in a
+    shooting-match near his dwelling, it came to pass that all the
+    gun-wadding was spent, so that he was obliged to fetch _paper_
+    instead. After Sir Walter had come back, his fellow-shooter
+    chanced to look at the succedaneum, and was not a little
+    astonished to see it formed part of a tale written by his
+    entertainer's hand. By his friend's urgent inquiries, the Scotch
+    romancer was compelled to acknowledge himself the author, and to
+    save the well nigh destroyed manuscript of _Waverley_.
+
+I do not know whether Sir Walter Scott was induced by _this_ incident to
+publish the first of his tales or not; perhaps it occurred after several
+of his novels had been printed. Now, if any body acquainted with the
+anecdote I relate should perchance hit upon my endeavour to give it an
+English garb, he would do me a pleasure by noting down the particulars I
+might have omitted or mis-stated. I never saw the fact recorded.
+
+JANUS DOUSA.
+
+
+_Satyavrata._--Mr. Kemble, _Salomon and Saturn_, p. 129., does not seem
+to be aware that the Satyavrata in question was one of the forgeries
+imposed on, and afterwards detected, by Wilford.
+
+F.Q.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+QUERIES.
+
+BLACK ROOD OF SCOTLAND.
+
+Can any of your correspondents give me any information on the following
+points connected with "the Black Rood of Scotland?"
+
+1. What was the history of this cross before it was taken into Scotland
+by St. Margaret, on the occasion of her marriage with Malcolm, king of
+Scotland? Did she get it in England or in Germany?
+
+2. What was its size and make? One account describes it as made of gold,
+and another (_Rites of Durham_, p. 16.) as of silver.
+
+3. Was the "Black Rood of Scotland" the same as the "Holy Cross of
+Holyrood House?" One account seems to make them the same: for in the
+_Rites of Durham_, p. 16., we read,--
+
+    "At the east end of the south aisle of the choir, was a most
+    fair rood, or picture of our Saviour, _in silver_, called the
+    _Black Rood of Scotland_, brought out of Holyrood House by King
+    David Bruce, and was won at the battle of Durham, with the
+    picture of our Lady on the one side, and St. John on the other
+    side, very richly wrought in silver, all three having crowns of
+    gold," &c. &c.
+
+Another account, in p. 21 of the same work, seems to make them
+different; for, speaking of the battle of Neville's Cross (18th October,
+1346), it says--
+
+    "In which said battle a _holy Cross_, which was taken out of
+    Holyrood House, in Scotland, by King David Bruce, was won and
+    taken," &c., p. 21.
+
+And adds,--
+
+    "In which battle were slain seven earls of Scotland.... and also
+    lost _the said cross_, and many other most worthy and excellent
+    jewels ... together with the Black Rood of Scotland (so termed)
+    with Mary and John, made of silver, being, as it were, smoked
+    all over," &c., p. 22.
+
+4. If they were the same, how is the legend concerning its discovery by
+the king, upon Holyrood day, when hunting in a forest near Edinburgh, to
+be reconciled with the fact of its being taken by St. Margaret into
+Scotland? If they were not the same, what was the previous history of
+each, and which was the cross of St. Margaret?
+
+5. How is the account of Simeon of Durham, that the Black Rood was
+bequeathed to Durham Priory by St. Margaret, to be reconciled with the
+history of its being taken from the Scotch at the battle of Neville's
+Cross?
+
+6. May there not be a connexion between the legend of the discovery of
+the "Holy Cross" between the horns of a wild hart (_Rites of Durham_, p.
+21.), and the practice that existed of an offering of a stag annually
+made, on St. Cuthbert's day, in September, by the Nevilles of Raby, to
+the Priory of Durham? May it not have been an acknowledgement {309} that
+the cross won at the battle of Neville's Cross was believed to have been
+taken by King David from the hart in the forest of Edinburgh? In the
+"Lament for Robert Neville," called by Surtees "the very oldest rhyme of
+the North" we read--
+
+  "Wel, qwa sal thir hornes blaw
+     Haly rod thi day?
+   Nou is he dede and lies law
+     Was wont to blaw thaim ay."
+
+7. Is it known what became of the "Holy Cross" or "Black Rood" at the
+dissolution of Durham Priory?
+
+P.A.F.
+
+Newcastle-on-Tyne.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+MINOR QUERIES.
+
+_Trogus Pompeius._--In Hannay and Dietrichsen's _Almanuck for the Year_
+1849, I find the following statement under the head of "Remarkable
+Occurrences of the Year 1847:"--
+
+    "July 21. A portion of the history of Trogus Pompeius (the
+    author abridged by Justin) is discovered in the library of
+    Ossolinski at Berlin."
+
+Not having noticed any contemporary account of this occurrence, I should
+be glad of any information respecting the nature and extent of the
+discovery.
+
+E.L.N.
+
+
+_Mortuary Stanzas._--Could any of your readers supply me with
+information respecting the practice of appending mortuary stanzas to the
+yearly bills of mortality, published in many parishes; whether there are
+any extant specimens of such stanzas besides those memorable poems of
+Cowper written for the parish clerk of Northampton; and whether, also,
+the practice is still kept up in any parts of the country?
+
+[Greek: Philopatris].
+
+
+_Laird of Grant._--In the north of England, I have repeatedly heard the
+_auld wife_ remark, on observing any unwonted act of extravagance, such
+as burning more than the ordinary number of candles, &c. &c.,--"Who is
+to be Laird of Grant next year?" As this saying appears to be used only
+in the north, I have no other medium at present than to seek a reply
+through the aid of your valuable little work.
+
+SENEX.
+
+
+    [A similar "saw" was formerly current in the metropolis,--"What,
+    three candles burning! we shall be Lord Mayor next year."]
+
+
+_Bastille, MS. Records of._--Are there amongst the MSS. of the British
+Museum any documents relating to spies, or political agents, employed by
+the French and English governments from 1643 to 1715, who were
+incarcerated in the Bastille?
+
+M.V.
+
+
+_Orkney under the Norwegians._--Torfaeus (_Orcades_), under the
+transactions of the year 1430 (p. 182-3.), has an incidental mention of
+the Orkneys as among the forbidden islands, "vetitae insulas," of which
+the commerce was forbidden to strangers, and confined to the mother
+country, as to this day it is with Denmark and her possessions of the
+Faroe Islands and Iceland, both mentioned in the paragraph of the
+historian among the islands whose commerce was restricted. It would be
+very desirable to know of the social state of Orkney under the
+government of Norway and its native Jarls of the Norwegian race, and or
+its connexion with Norway and Denmark; and some of your correspondents
+may take the trouble to point out sources of information on the subject
+of this Query.
+
+W.H.F.
+
+Kirkwall
+
+
+_Swift's Works._--In Wilde's _Closing Years of Dean Swift's Life_ (2d
+edit. p. 78.) is mentioned an autograph letter from Sir Walter Scott to
+C.G. Gavelin, Esq., of Dublin, in the MS. library. T.C.D., in which he
+states he had nothing whatever to do with the publication or revision of
+the second edition of the _Works of Jonathan Swift_. This does not agree
+with the statement given in Mr. Lockhart's _Life of Sir Walter Scott_,
+2d edit. vol. vii. p. 215. Who was the editor, and in what does the
+second edition differ from the first?
+
+W.H.F.
+
+
+"_Pride of the Morning_."--Why is the small rain which falls in the
+morning, at some seasons of the year, called "the pride of the morning?"
+
+P.H.F.
+
+
+_Bishop Durdent and the Staffordshire Historians._--It is stated by
+Sampson Erdeswich, Esq., in his _Survey of Staffordshire_, p. 164, 12mo.
+1717, that--
+
+    "Not far from Tame, Roger Durdent held Fisherwicke of the
+    bishop, 24 Ed. I. And 4 Ed. II. Nicholas Durdent was lord of it,
+    which I suppose was procured to some of his ancestors of the
+    same name by their kinsman Walter Durdent, Bishop of Litchfield,
+    in Henry II.'s time."
+
+but no authority is given for this statement.
+
+In Shaw's _History of Staffordshire_, p. 365., fol., 1798, it is further
+recorded that--
+
+    "Walter Durdent, in the beginning of Henry II., appears to have
+    granted it (Fisherwicke) to some of his relations, for we find
+    William Durdent of Fisherwicke temp. Henry II.; and in the 40th
+    of Hen. III. Roger Durdent occurs, who held Fisherwicke of the
+    bishop, 24 Ed. I. In the 4 Ed. II. Nicholas Durdent was lord of
+    it."
+
+Shaw refers to Erdeswick, and to the _Annals of Burton Abbey_, p. 364.
+
+In Dr. Harwood's edition of Erdeswick, 8vo., 1844, the same statements
+are repeated, but no authority is adduced. Could any of your
+correspondents obligingly furnish me with the original {310} sources of
+information to which Erdeswick had access, and also with any
+biographical notices of Bishop Durdent besides those which are recorded
+in Godwin and Shaw? The bishop had the privilege of coining money. (See
+Shaw's _Staffordshire_, pp. 233. 265.) Are any of his coins known to
+numismatists?
+
+F.R.R.
+
+
+_Pope and Bishop Burgess._--To what passage in Pope's writings does the
+conclusion of the following extract refer?[1]
+
+    "Digammaticae doctrinae idem accidit. In his _Popius_ eam in
+    ludibrium vertit, &c. Sed eximius Poeta neque in veteribus suae
+    ipsius linguae, nedum Graecae monumentis versatus, tantum scilicet
+    de antiqua illa litera vidit, quantum _de Shakespearii_
+    SAGITTARIO."
+
+W.W.
+
+[Footnote 1: 3d ed. of Dawes's _Mis. Critic_, p. xviii, note x.]
+
+
+_Daniel's Irish New Testament._--F.G.X. will be much obliged for
+information on the following points:--
+
+1. Which is the most correct edition, as to printing and orthography, of
+Daniel's Irish New Testament?
+
+2. Does the edition now on sale by the Bible Society bear the character
+for incorrectness as to these points, which, judged by itself, it
+appears to deserve, or is it really, though "bad, the best?"
+
+3. F.G.X. is far advanced with an Irish Testament Concordance. Can any
+one possessed of the requisite information give him hope of the
+acceptableness of such a publication? He should expect it to be chiefly
+useful to clerical Irish students in acquiring a knowledge of words and
+construction; but the lists of Irish Bibles disposed of of late years
+would lead to the supposition of its being desirable also as pointing
+out the place of passages to the native reader.
+
+4. Does the Cambridge University Library contain a copy of the first
+edition of Daniel's translation?
+
+_Ale Draper--Eugene Aram._--In Hargrove's well-known history of Eugene
+Aram, the hero of Bulwer's still better known novel, one of the guilty
+associates of the Knaresborough murderer is designated as an "Ale
+Draper." As this epithet never presented itself in my reading, and as I
+am not aware that _draper_ properly admits of any other definition than
+that given by Johnson, "one who deals in cloth," may I ask whether the
+word was ever in "good use" in the above sense?
+
+My main purpose in writing, is to propound the foregoing Query; but
+while I have the pen in hand permit me to ask,--
+
+1. Whether it be possible to read the celebrated "defence," so called,
+which was delivered by Aram on his trial at York, without concurring
+with the jury in their verdict, and with the judge in his sentence? In
+short, without a strong feeling that the prisoner would not have been
+hanged, but for that over-ingenious, and obviously evasive, address, in
+which the plain averment of "not guilty" does not occur.
+
+2. Has not the literary character, especially the philological
+attainments, of this noted malefactor been vastly over-rated? And
+
+3. Ought not the "memoirs" of "this great man" by Mr. Scatcherd to be
+ranked among the most remarkable attempts ever made, and surely made
+
+  "--in vain,
+  To wash the murderer from blood-guilty stain?"
+
+D.
+
+Rotherfield
+
+
+_Latin Epigram._--Can any of your correspondents inform me who was the
+author of the following epigram:--
+
+  IN MEMORIAM G.B.M.D.
+
+  "Te tandem tuus Oreus habet, quo civibus Orei
+  Gratius haud unquam misit Apollo caput;
+  Quippe tuo jussu terras liquere, putantque
+  Tartara se jussu linquere posse tuo."
+
+The person alluded to was Sir W. Browne, M.D., the founder of the Browne
+medals in the University of Cambridge. Some old fellow of King's College
+may be able to inform me.
+
+The medals were first given about the year 1780, and in the first year,
+I presume, out of respect to the memory of the donor, no subject was
+given for Epigrams. It has occurred to me, that perhaps some wag on that
+occasion sent the lines as a quiz.
+
+W.S.
+
+Richmond, Surrey
+
+
+_Couplet in De Foe_--
+
+  "Restraint from ill is freedom to the wise,
+  And good men wicked liberties despise."
+
+This couplet is at the end of the second letter in De Foe's _Great Law
+of Subordination_, p. 42. Is it his own? If not, where did he get it?
+
+N.B.
+
+
+_Books wanted to refer to_.--
+
+    "Hollard's Travels (1715), by a French Protestant Minister,
+    afterwards suppressed by the author."
+
+    "Thomas Bonnell, Mayor of Norwich, Life of."
+
+    "Canterbury, Letters and Memoirs on the Excommunication of two
+    Heretics, 1698."
+
+    "The Book of Seventy-seven French Protestant Ministers,
+    presented to Will'm III."
+
+If any of your readers can refer me to the above works I shall be glad.
+They may be in the British Museum, although I have searched there in
+vain for them.
+
+J.S.B.
+
+
+_Water-marks in Writing-paper._--Can any of your correspondents indicate
+any guide to the dating of {311} paper by the water-mark. I think I have
+read of some work on that subject, but have no precise recollection
+about it. I have now before me several undated MSS. written on paper of
+which it would be very desirable to fix the exact date. They evidently
+belonged to Pope, Swift, and Lady M.W. Montague, as they contain their
+autographs. They are all of that size called _Pro Patria_, and two of
+them have as water-mark a figure of Britannia with a lion brandishing a
+sword within a paling, and the motto _Pro Patria_ over the sword. Of one
+of these the opposite page has the initials GR, and the other has IX;
+but the paper has been cut off in the middle of the water-mark and only
+exhibits half the figure IV. Another sheet has the royal arms (1.
+England and Scotland impaled, 2. France, 3. Ireland, 4. the white horse
+of Hanover,) within the garter, and surmounted by the crown, and on the
+opposite page GR. within a crowned wreath. There is no doubt that they
+were all manufactured between 1715 and 1740; but is there any means of
+arriving at a more precise date?
+
+C.
+
+
+_Puzzling Epitaph._--The following curious epitaph was found in a
+foreign cathedral:--
+
+  EPITAPHIUM.
+
+  "O quid tuae
+   be est biae;
+   ra ra ra
+   es et in
+   ram ram ram
+   ii."
+
+The following is plainly the solution of the last four lines:--
+
+  _ra, ra, ra_, is thrice _ra_, i.e. _ter-ra=terra_.
+  _ram, ram, ram_, is thrice _ram_, i.e. _ter-ram=terram_.
+  _ii_ is _i_ twice, _i.e. i-bis=ibis_.
+
+Thus the last four lines are,--
+
+  "Terra es et in terram ibis."
+
+Can any one furnish a solution of the two first lines?
+
+J. BDN.
+
+
+    [We would suggest that the first two lines are to be read "O
+    _super_ be, quid _super_ est, tuae _super_ biae," and the
+    epitaph will then be--
+
+      "O superbe quid superest tuae superbiae
+      Terra es, et in terram ibis."--ED.]
+
+
+_MSS. of Cornish Language._--Are there any ancient MSS. of the Cornish
+language, or are there any works remaining in that language, besides the
+_Calvary_ and _Christmas Carol_ published by the late Davies Gilbert?
+
+J.A. GILES.
+
+
+_Bilderdijk the Poet._--Banished from his native country, disowned by
+his own countrymen, the Dutch poet Willem Bilderdijk pitched his tent
+for a while on the hospitable soil of Old England. Prince William V.
+residing in 1795 at Hampton Court, he resolved to stay there; but,
+possessing no income at all, and, like the sage of antiquity, having
+saved nothing from the shipwreck but his genius, he shifted his
+dwelling-place to London, where he gave lessons in drawing, languages,
+and various, even medical, sciences. He was married in England to
+Katharine Wilhelmina Schweickhardt, on the 18th of May, 1797. His
+residence in the birthplace of "NOTES AND QUERIES" makes me ask, if
+there be still persons living, who remember him as teacher, friend, or
+poet? A presentation-copy of Mrs. Bilderdijk's translation of _Rodrick,
+the Last of the Goths_, was offered to Southey, accompanied by a Latin
+letter from her spouse. The poet-laureate visiting Leyden in the summer
+of 1825, Bilderdijk would not suffer him to remain lodged in the inn,
+where an injury to his leg urged him to favour the landlord with a
+protracted stay. Southey was transported accordingly to the Dutch poet's
+house; and did not leave it before he was cured, several weeks having
+elapsed in the meanwhile. Mention of this fact is made in a poem the
+British bard addresses to Cuninghame. I do not know whether it is
+alluded to in Southey's _Life_.
+
+Bilderdijk's foot was crushed accidentally, in the sixth year of his
+age, by one of his play-fellows; and thus he, who, by his natural
+disposition seemed to be destined to a military career, was obliged to
+enlist in the _militia togata_. He fought the good fight in verse. It is
+remarkable that Byron and Sir Walter Scott, his cotemporaries, were also
+lame or limping.
+
+JANUS DOUSA.
+
+
+_Egyptian MSS._--What is the age of the oldest MS. found in Egypt? Are
+there any earlier than the age of Alexander?
+
+J.A. GILES.
+
+
+_Scandinavian Priesthood._--Will one of your correspondents do me the
+favour to let me know the best authority I can refer to for information
+as to the priesthood of the Scandinavians; the mode of their election,
+the rank from which they were generally chosen, whether they were
+allowed to marry, &c.?
+
+MAX BRANDESON.
+
+
+_Thomas Volusemus (or Wilson?)._--Is anything known of Thomas Volusemus
+(Wilson?) who edited the works of his father-in-law, Patrick Adamson,
+titular Archbishop of St. Andrew's, which were published in London A.D.
+1619?
+
+H.A.E.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+REPLIES.
+
+CURFEW.
+
+We have received the following Replies to NABOC'S inquiry (Vol. ii., p.
+103.) as to where the custom of ringing the curfew still remains.
+
+_Bingley in Yorkshire._--In the town of Bingley, {312} in Yorkshire, the
+custom of ringing the curfew existed in the year 1824. It may have been
+discontinued since that year, but I do not know that it has.
+
+It is also the custom at Blackburn, in Lancashire; and it was, if it is
+not now, at Bakewell in Derbyshire.
+
+H.J.
+
+
+_Bromyard, Herefordshire._--The curfew is still rung at Bromyard,
+Herefordshire, at nine P.M., from the 5th of November, until Christmas
+Day; and the bell is afterwards tolled the number of the day of the
+month. Why it is merely confined to within the above days, I could never
+ascertain.
+
+G.F.C.
+
+
+_Waltham-on-the-Wolds._--The curfew is still rung at
+Waltham-on-the-Wolds, Leicestershire, at five A.M., eight P.M. in
+summer, and at six A.M., seven P.M. in winter; the bell also tolling the
+day of the month.
+
+R.J.S.
+
+
+_Oxfordshire._--I see that NABOC's inquiry about the curfew is answered
+at p. 175. by a reference to the _Journal of the British Archaeological
+Association_. The list there is probably complete: but lest it should
+omit any, I may as well mention, from my own knowledge, Woodstock, Oxon,
+where it rings from eight to half-past eight in the evening, from
+October to March; Bampton and Witney, Oxon, and Stow, in Gloucester; at
+some of which places it is also rung at four in the morning.
+
+C.
+
+
+_Chertsey, Surrey._--In the town of Chertsey in Surrey, the curfew is
+regularly tolled for a certain time at eight every evening, but only
+through the winter months. There is also a curious, if not an uncommon,
+custom kept up with regard to it. After the conclusion of the curfew,
+and a pause of half a minute, the day of the month is tolled out: one
+stroke for the 1st, two for the 2nd, and so on.
+
+H.C. DE ST. CROIX.
+
+
+_Penrith._--The curfew bell continues to be rung at Penrith, in
+Cumberland, at eight o'clock in the evening, and is the signal for
+closing shops, &c.
+
+_Newcastle-upon-Tyne._--The curfew is still rung by all the churches of
+Newcastle-upon-Tyne at eight in the evening; and its original use may be
+said to be preserved to a considerable extent, for the greater bulk of
+the shops make it a signal for closing.
+
+G. BOUCHIER RICHARDSON.
+
+
+_Morpeth._--The curfew bell is still rung at eight P.M. at Morpeth in
+Northumberland.
+
+E.H.A.
+
+
+_Exeter._--The curfew is rung in Exeter Cathedral at eight P.M.
+
+The present practice is to toll the bell thirty strokes, and after a
+short interval to toll eight more; the latter, I presume, denoting the
+hour.
+
+G.T.
+
+
+_Winchester._--Curfew is still rung at Winchester.
+
+AN OLD COMMONER PREFECT.
+
+
+_Over, near Winsford, Cheshire._--The custom of ringing the curfew is
+still kept up at Over, near Winsford, Cheshire; and the parish church,
+St. Chads, is nightly visited for that purpose at eight o'clock. This
+bell is the signal amongst the farmers in the neighbourhood for "looking
+up" their cattle in the winter evenings; and was, before the
+establishment of a public clock in the tower of the Weaver Church at
+Winsford, considered the standard time by which to regulate their
+movements.
+
+A READER.
+
+
+    [We are indebted to the courtesy of the Editor of the _Liverpool
+    Albion_ for this Reply, which was originally communicated to
+    that paper.]
+
+
+_The Curfew_, of which some inquiries have appeared in the "NOTES AND
+QUERIES," is generally rung in the north of England. But then it is also
+common in the south of Scotland. I have heard it in Kelso, and other
+towns in Roxburghshire. The latter circumstance would appear to prove
+that it cannot have originated with the Norman conqueror, to whom it is
+attributed.
+
+W.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+ENGELMANNS BIBLIOTHECA SCRIPTORUM CLASSICORUM.
+(Vol. ii., p. 296.)
+
+The shortest reply to MR. DE MORGAN'S complaint against a foreign
+bookseller would be, that _Engelmann himself_ printed for any of the
+purchasers of a large number of his Catalogues the titles to which MR.
+DE MORGAN objects so much.
+
+Will you allow me to add one or two remarks occasioned by MR. DE
+MORGAN'S strictures?
+
+1. Engelmann is not, strictly speaking, a bookseller, and his catalogues
+are not booksellers' catalogues in the sense in which that term is
+generally received here. He is a publisher and compiler (and an
+admirable one) of general classified catalogues for the use of the trade
+and of students, without any reference to his stock, or, in many
+instances, to the possibility of easily acquiring copies of the books
+enumerated: and although he _might_ execute an order from his
+catalogues, getting orders is _not_ the end for which _he_ publishes
+them.
+
+2. Some foreign houses in London, as well as in other countries, bought
+a large number of his Catalogues, not as a _book_ but as a _catalogue_,
+to be supplied to their customers at the bare cost, or, where it appears
+advisable, to be delivered gratis to purchasers of a certain amount.
+
+3. It appears to me pardonable if, under these circumstances, a notice
+is inserted on the title, that orders may be directed to the house which
+has purchased a number, and supplies them without any immediate profit;
+and I may add that I do {313} not believe any of the houses concerned
+would object to a notice being taken of such a proceeding in your paper.
+
+4. The error in omitting the words "from 1700" on the title-page, is one
+to which MR. DE MORGAN'S notice first directed my attention, classics
+printed before that date not being commonly in demand among foreign
+booksellers.
+
+5. The practice of compiling catalogues for general use, with the names
+of the purchasers of any number of copies of the catalogue inserted on
+the title or wrapper, is very common in Germany.
+
+Hinrichs of Leipsic issues--
+
+1. A Six-monthly Alphabetical Catalogue, with a systematic index;
+
+2. A Quarterly Catalogue, systematically arranged, with an alphabetical
+index;
+
+Vandenhoeck of Gottigen issues _half-yearly_--
+
+1. A Bibliotheca Medico-Chirurgica et Pharmaceuto-Chemica;
+
+2. A Bibliotheca Theologica, for Protestant theology;
+
+3. A Bibliotheca Classica et Philologica;
+
+4. A Bibliotheca Juridica;
+
+and Engelmann, from time to time, numerous general catalogues;--
+
+all of which are not only supplied to London houses, with English
+titles, but may be had all over Germany, with the firms of different
+booksellers inserted as publishers of the catalogue.
+
+Will you make use of the above in any way in which you may think it of
+advantage to your readers?
+
+ANOTHER FOREIGN BOOKSELLER.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+CROZIER AND PASTORAL STAFF.
+
+(Vol. ii., p. 248.)
+
+A correspondent inquires what was the difference between a crozier and a
+pastoral staff. The crozier (_Crocia_, Mediaeval Latin), Fr. _Crosse_,
+Ital. _Rocco Pastorale_, German. _Bischofstab_, is the ornamental staff
+used by archbishops and legates, and derives its name from the cross
+which surmounts it. A crozier behind a pall is borne on the primatial
+arms of Canterbury. The use of the crozier can only be traced back to
+the 12th century. _Cavendish_ mentions "two great crosses of silver,
+whereof one of them was for his archbishoprick and the other for his
+legatry, always before" Cardinal Wolsey. The fact did not escape Master
+_Roy_, who sings thus:--
+
+  "Before him rydeth two Prestes stronge,
+  And they beare two Crosses right longe,
+    Gapinge in every man's face."
+
+_Hall_ says that he removed from Whitehall "with one cross." In the
+Eastern Church patriarchs only have a crozier; a patriarch has two
+transverse bars upon his crozier, the Pope carries three.
+
+The pastoral staff was the ensign of bishops. Honorius describes it as
+in the form of a shepherd's crook, made of wood or bone, united by a
+ball of gold or crystal, the lower part of the staff being pointed.
+
+    "In Evangelio Dominus Apostolis praecepit, ut in praedcatione
+    nihil praeter virgam tollerent. Et quia Episcopi pastores gregis
+    Dominici sunt, ideo baculum in custodia praeferunt: per baculum,
+    quo infirmi sustentatur, auctoritas doctrinae designatur; per
+    virgam, qua improbi emendantur, potestas regiminis figuratur.
+    Baculum ergo Pontifices portant, ut infirmos in Fide per
+    doctrinam erigant. Virgam bajulant, ut per potestatem inquietos
+    corrigant: quae virga vel baculus est recurvus, ut aberrantes a
+    grege docendo ad poenitetiam trabat; in extremo est acutus, ut
+    rebelles excommunicando retrudat; haereticos, velut lupos, ab
+    ovili Christi potestative exterreat."--_In Gemma Animae_, lib. i.
+    cap. 218, 219., _apud Hitterpium_.
+
+In its primitive form it appears to have been a staff shaped like a T,
+and used to lean upon. It was gradually lengthened, and in some cases
+was finished at the top like a mace. The pastoral staff is mentioned in
+the _Life of S. Caesarius of Arles_. Gough says that the pastoral staff
+found in the coffin of Grostete, Bp. of Lincoln, who died in 1254, was
+made of red wood ending in a rudely shaped ram's horn. It was inscribed:
+
+  "Per baculi formam
+  Praelati discite normam."
+
+In the first prayer-book of the Reformed English Church, 2 Edward VI.,
+at the time of the holy communion the bishop is directed to have "_his
+pastoral staff in his hand, or else borne by his chaplain_." It was used
+in solemn benedictions; and so lately as at the coronation of Queen
+Elizabeth. The second book of King Edward VI., published A.D. 1552,
+being revived in that reign, the use of the staff was discontinued, as
+we find by the consecration service of Archbishop Parker.
+
+    "Postq' haec dixissent, ad reliqua Communionis solemnia permit
+    Cicestren. nullu. Archie'po tradens Pastorale
+    baculum."--_Bramhall_, vol. iii. p. 205., Part i. Disc. 5. App.,
+    Oxon. 1844.
+
+A crozier was borne at the funerals of Brian Duppa, of Winton, A.D.
+1662; Juxon of London, 1663; Frewen of York, 1664; Wren of Ely, 1667;
+Cosin of Dunelm, 1671; Trelawney of Winton, 1721; Lindsay of Armagh,
+1724. It is engraven on the monuments of Goodrich of Ely, 1552; Magrath
+of Cashel, 1622; Hacket of Lichfield, 1670; Creggleton of Wells,
+Lamplugh of York, 1691; Sheldon, 1677; Hoadley of Winton, and Porteus of
+London. Their croziers (made of gilt metal) were suspended over the
+tombs of Morley, 1684, and Mews, 1706. The bishop's staff had its crook
+bent outwards to signify that his jurisdiction extended over his
+diocese; that of the abbot inwards, as his authority was limited to his
+house. The crozier of Matthew Wren was of silver {314} with the head
+gilt. When Bp. Fox's tomb was opened at Winchester some few years since,
+his staff of oak was found in perfect preservation. A staff of wood
+painted in azure and gilt, hangs over Trelawney's tomb in Pelynt Church,
+Cornwall. The superb staff of the pious and munificent founder of the
+two St. Marie Winton Colleges is still preserved at Oxford, as is also
+that of the illustrious Wykehamist, Bp. Fox, to whose devotion we owe
+Corpus Christi College in that university. One of the earliest tombs
+bearing a staff incised, is that of Abbot Vitalis, who died in 1082, and
+may be seen in the south cloister of St. Peter's Abbey in Westminster.
+There were croziered as well as mitred abbots: for instance, the
+superior of the Benedictine abbey at Bourges had a right to the crozier,
+but not to the mitre. The Abbot of Westminster was croziered and mitred.
+I intended to write a reply, but have enabled with a note.
+
+MACKENZIE WALCOTT, M.A.
+
+7. College Street, Westminster
+
+
+J.Z.P. will find a fully satisfactory answer to his Query, in regard to
+the real difference between the crozier and the pastoral staff, on
+referring to the article headed "Crozier," in the _Glossary of
+Architecture_. It is there stated, that "the crozier of an archbishop is
+surmounted by a cross; but it was only at a comparatively late time,
+about the 12th century, that the archbishop laid aside the pastoral
+staff, to assume the cross as an appropriate portion of his personal
+insignia." From which it may be inferred, that the only existent real
+difference between the crozier and the pastoral staff is, that the
+former is surmounted by a cross, and the latter is as it was before the
+12th century, viz., surmounted by "a head curled round something in the
+manner of a shepherd's crook;" and the difference in regard to their
+use, that the crozier pertains to the archbishops, and the pastoral
+staff to the bishops.
+
+R.W. ELLIOT
+
+Cheltenham, Sept. 16. 1850.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+PARSONS, THE STAFFORDSHIRE GIANT.
+
+(Vol. ii., p. 135.)
+
+Harwood's note in Erdeswick's _Staffordshire_, quoted by your
+correspondent C.H.B., is incorrect, inasmuch as the writer has confused
+the biographies of two distinct "giants"--WALTER PARSONS, porter to King
+James I., and WILLIAM EVANS, who filled the same office in the
+succeeding reign.
+
+The best account of these two "worthies" is that found in Fuller, and
+which I extract from the original edition now before me:--
+
+    WALTER PARSONS, born in this county [Staffordshire], was first
+    apprenticed to a smith, when he grew so tall in stature, that a
+    hole was made for him in the ground to stand therein up to the
+    knees, so to make him adequate with his fellow-workmen. He
+    afterwards was porter to King _James_; seeing as gates generally
+    are higher than the rest of the building, so it was sightly that
+    the porter should be taller than other persons. He was
+    proportionable in all parts, and had strength equal to height,
+    valour to his strength, temper to his valour, so that he
+    disdained to do an injury to any single person. He would make
+    nothing to take two of the tallest _yeomen_ of the _guard_ (like
+    the _Gizard_ and _Liver_) under his arms at once, and order them
+    as he pleased.
+
+    "Yet were his parents (for aught I do understand to the
+    contrary) but of an ordinary stature, whereat none will wonder
+    who have read what _St. Augustine_ (_De Civitate Dei_, lib. xv.
+    cap. 23.) reports of a woman which came to _Rome_ (a little
+    before the sacking thereof by the _Goths_), of so giant-like a
+    height, that she was far above all who saw her, though infinite
+    troopes came to behold the spectacle. And yet he addeth, _Et hoc
+    erat maximae admirationis, quod ambo parentes ejus, &c_. This
+    made men most admire, that both her parents were but of ordinary
+    stature. This _Parsons_ is produced for proof, that all ages
+    afford some of extraordinary height, and that there is no
+    general decay of mankind in their _dimensions_, which, if there
+    were, we had ere this time shrunk to be lower than _Pigmyes_,
+    not to instance in a lesse proportion. This _Parsons_ died Anno
+    Dom. 1620."--Fuller's _History of the Worthies of England_, 1662
+    (_Staffordshire_), p. 48.
+
+    "WILLIAM EVANS was born in this county [Monmouthshire], and may
+    justly be accounted the _Giant_ of our age for his stature,
+    being, full two yards and a half in height. He was porter to
+    King _Charles I._, succeeding, _Walter Persons_ [sic] in his
+    place, and exceeding him two inches in height, but far beneath
+    him in an equal proportion of body; for he was not onely what
+    the _Latines_ call _compernis_, knocking his knees together, and
+    going out squalling with his feet, but also haulted a little;
+    yet made a shift to dance in an antimask at court, where he drew
+    little Jeffrey, the dwarf, out of his pocket, first to the
+    wonder, then to the laughter, of the beholders. He dyed _Anno
+    Dom_. 1630." _Ibid. (Monmouthshire)_, p. 54.
+
+From these extracts it will be seen that the Christian name of Parsons
+was _Walter_, not William, as stated by Harwood. _William_ was the
+Christian name of Evans, Parsons' successor. The bas-relief mentioned by
+the same writer represents William Evans and Jeffrey Hudson, his
+diminutive fellow-servant. It is over the entrance of _Bull-head Court_,
+Newgate Street; not "a bagnio-court," which is nonsense. On the stone
+these words are cut: "The King's Porter, and the Dwarf," with the date
+1660. This bas-relief is engraved in Pennant.
+
+There is a picture of Queen Elizabeth's giant porter at Hampton Court
+but I am not aware that any portrait of Parsons is preserved in the
+Royal Collections.
+
+EDWARD F. RIMBAULT.
+
+       *       *       *       *       * {315}
+
+EISELL AND WORMWOOD WINE.
+
+(Vol. ii., p. 249.)
+
+If Pepys' friends actually did _drink up_ the two quarts of _wormwood
+wine_ which he gave them, it must, as LORD BRAYBROOKE suggests, have
+been rendered more palatable than the _propoma_ which was in use in
+Shakspeare's time. I have been furnished by a distinguished friend with
+the following, among other Notes, corroborative of my explanation of
+_eisell_:
+
+    "I have found no better recipe for making wormwood wine than
+    that given by old Langham in his _Garden of Health_; and as he
+    directs its use to be confined to 'Streine out a _little_
+    spoonful, and drinke it with a draught of ale or wine,' I think
+    it must have been so atrociously unpalatable, that to _drink it
+    up_, as Hamlet challenged Laertes to do, would have been as
+    strong an argumentum ad stomachum as to digest a crocodile, even
+    when appetised by a slice of the loaf."
+
+It is evident, therefore, that but small doses of this nauseously bitter
+medicament were taken at once, and to take a large draught, _to drink
+up_ a quantity, "would be an extreme pass of amorous demonstration
+sufficient, one would think, to have satisfied even Hamlet." Our
+ancestors seem to have been partial to medicated wines; and it is most
+probable that the wormwood wine Pepys gave his friends had only a slight
+infusion of the bitter principle; for we can hardly conceive that such
+"pottle draughts" as two quarts could be taken as a treat, of such a
+nostrum as the _Absinthites_, or wormwood wine, mentioned by Stuckius,
+or that prescribed by the worthy Langham.
+
+S.W. SINGER.
+
+Mickleham, Sept. 30. 1850.
+
+
+_Eisell_ (Vol. ii., p. 242.).--The attempt of your very learned
+correspondent, MR. SINGER, to show that "eisell" was _wormwood_, is, I
+fear, more ingenious than satisfactory. It is quite true that wormwood
+wine and beer were ordinary beverages, as wormwood bitters are now; but
+Hamlet would have done little in challenging Laertes to a draught of
+wormwood. As to "eisell," we have the following account of it in the
+"Via Recta ad Vitam longam, or a Plaine Philosophical Discourse of the
+Nature, Faculties, and Effects of all such Things as by way of
+Nourishments, and Dieteticale Observations make for the Preservation of
+Health, &c. &c. By Jo. Venner, Doctor of Physicke at Bathe in the Spring
+and Fall, and at other Times in the Burrough of North-Petherton, neere
+to the Ancient Haven Towne of Bridgewater in Somersetshire. London,
+1620."
+
+    "Eisell, or the vinegar which is made of cyder, is also a good
+    sauce, it is of a very penetrating nature and is like to
+    verjuice in operation, but it is not so astringent, nor
+    altogether so cold," p. 97.
+
+J.R.N.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES.
+
+
+_Feltham's Works_ (Vol. ii., p. 133.).--In addition to the works
+enumerated by E.N.W., Feltham wrote _A Discourse upon Ecclesiastes_ ii.
+11.; _A Discourse upon St. Luke_ xiv. 20.; and _A Form of Prayer
+composed for the Family of the Right Honourable the Countess of
+Thomond_. These two lists, I believe, comprise the whole of his
+writings. The meaning of the passage in his _Remarks on the Low
+Countries_, appears to be this, that a person "courtly or gentle" would
+receive as little kindness from the inhabitants, and show as great a
+contrast to their boorishness, as the handsome and docile merlin (which
+is the smallest of the falcon tribe, anciently denominated "noble"),
+among a crowd of noisy, cunning, thievish crows; neither remarkable for
+their beauty nor their politeness. The words "after Michaelmas" are used
+because "the merlin does not breed here, but visits us in October."
+_Bewick's British Birds_, vol. i. p. 43.
+
+T.H. KERSLEY.
+
+King William's College, Isle of Man.
+
+
+_Harefinder_ (Vol. ii., p. 216.).--The following lines from Drayton's
+_Polyolbion_, Song 23., sufficiently illustrates this term:--
+
+  "The man whose vacant mind prepares him to the sport
+  The _Finder_ sendeth out, to seeke out nimble _Wat_,--
+  Which crosseth in the field, each furlong every flat,
+  Till he this pretty beast upon the form hath found:
+  Then viewing for the course which is the fairest ground,
+  The greyhounds forth are brought, for coursing then in case,
+  And, choycely in the slip, one leading forth a brace;
+  The Finder puts her up, and gives her coursers' law,"
+  &c.
+
+In the margin, at the second line, are the words, _The Harefinder_. What
+other instances are there of _Wat_, as a name of the hare? It does not
+occur in the very curious list in the _Reliquiae Antiquae_, i. 133.
+
+K.
+
+
+_Fool or a Physician--Rising and Setting Sun_ (Vol. i., p. 157.).--The
+inquiry of your correspondent C. FORBES, respecting the authorship of
+the two well-known sayings on these subjects, seems to have received no
+reply. He thinks that we owe them both to that "imperial Macchiavel,
+Tiberius." He is right with respect to the one, and wrong with regard to
+the other. The saying, "that a man after thirty must be either a fool or
+a physician," had, as it appears, its origin from Tiberius; but the
+observation that "more worship the rising than the setting sun," is to
+be attributed to Pompey.
+
+Tacitus says of Tiberius, that he was "solitus eludere medicorum artes,
+atque eos qui post tricesimum aetatis annum ad internoscenda corpori
+{316} suo utilia vel noxia alieni consilia indigerent." _Annal_. vi. 46.
+Suetonius says: "Valetudine prosperrima usus est,--quamvis a tricesimo
+aetatis anno arbitratu eam suo rexerit, sine adjumento consiliove
+medicorum." _Tib._ c. 68. And Plutarch, in his precepts _de Valetudine
+tuenda_, c. 49., says--
+
+    [Greek: "Aekousa Tiberion pote Kaisara eipein, hos anaer huper
+    hexaekonta [sic vulgo, sed bene corrigit Lipsius ad Tac. loc.
+    cit. triakonta] gegonos etae, kai proteinon iatro cheira,
+    katagelastos estin."]
+
+These passages sufficiently indicate the origin of the saying; but who
+first gave it the pointed form in which we now have it, by coupling
+_fool_ with _physician_, I am not able to tell.
+
+The authority for giving the other saying to Pompey, is Plutarch, who
+says that when Pompey, after his return from Africa, applied to the
+senate for the honour of a triumph, he was opposed by Sylla, to whom he
+observed, [Greek: "Oti ton aelion anatellonta pleiones ae duomenon
+proskunousin,"] that more worship the rising than the setting
+sun--intimating that his own power was increasing, and that of Sylla
+verging to its fall. (_Vit. Pomp_. c. 22.)
+
+J.S.W.
+
+Stockwell, Sept. 7.
+
+
+_Papers of Perjury_ (Vol. ii., p. 182.).--In the absence of a "graphic
+account," it may interest your correspondent S.R. to be referred to the
+two following instances of "perjurers wearing papers denoting their
+crime." In _Machyn's Diary_, edited by the accomplished antiquary, John
+Gough Nichols, Esq., and published by the Camden Society, at p. 104.
+occurs the following:--
+
+    "A.D. 1556, April 28th.... The sam day was sett on the pelere in
+    Chepe iij. [men; two] was for the preuerment of wyllfull
+    perjure, the iij. was for wyllfull perjure, with _paper sett
+    over their hedes_."
+
+In the same works at p. 250., we have also this additional illustration:
+
+    "A.D. 1560--I. The xij. day of Feybruary xj. men of the North was
+    of a quest; because they gayff a wrong evyde [nee, and] thay
+    ware paper _a-pon their hedes_ for perjure."
+
+J. GOODWIN.
+
+Birmingham.
+
+
+_Pilgrims' Road to Canterbury._--Being acquainted with the road to which
+your correspondent S.H. (Vol. ii., p. 237.) alludes, he will, perhaps,
+allow me to say, that in the neighbourhood of Kemsing a tradition is
+current, that a certain line of road, which may be traced from Otford to
+Wrotham, was the pilgrims' road from _Winchester_ to Canterbury. How far
+this may be correct I know not.
+
+I have not been able to discover any road in the neighbourhood of this
+city which goes by the name of the _pilgrims'_ road.
+
+If any of your correspondents would furnish any particulars respecting
+this road, I shall feel much obliged.
+
+R.V.
+
+Winchester.
+
+
+_Capture of Henry VI._ (Vol. ii., p. 228.).--In his correction of your
+correspondent, CLERICUS CRAVENSIS, MR. NICHOLS states:--
+
+    "Both Sir John Tempest and Sir James Harrington of Brierley,
+    near Barnesley, were concerned in the king's capture, and each
+    received 100 marks reward; but the fact of Sir Thomas Talbot
+    being the chief actor, is shown by his having received the
+    larger reward of 100l."
+
+In this statement appears entirely to have been overlooked the grant of
+lands made by King Edward IV. to Sir James Harrington--
+
+    "For his services in taking prisoner, and withholding as such in
+    diligence and valour, his enemy Henry, lately called King Henry
+    VI."
+
+This grant, which was confirmed in Parliament, embraced the castle,
+manor, and domain of Thurland; a park, called Fayzet Whayte Park, with
+lands, &c. in six townships in the county of Lancaster; lands at Burton
+in Lonsdale, co. York; and Holme, in Kendal, co. Westmoreland, the
+forfeited lands of Sir Richard Tunstell, and other "rebels." So
+considerable a recognition of the services of Sir James Harrington would
+seem to demand something more than the second-rate position given to
+them by your correspondent. The order to give Sir James Harrington
+possession of the lands under his grant will be found in Rymer. The
+grant itself is printed in the _Nugae Antiquae_, by Henry Harrington, 1775
+(vol. ii. p. 121.), and will, I believe, be found in Baines'
+_Lancashire_. Mr. Henry Harrington observes that the lands were
+afterwards lost to his family by the misfortune of Sir James and his
+brother being on the wrong side at Bosworth Field; after which they were
+both attainted for serving Richard III. and Edward IV., "and commanding
+the party which seized Henry VI. and conducted him to the Tower."
+
+H.K.S.C.
+
+Brixton.
+
+
+_Andrew Becket_ (Vol. ii., p. 266.), about whom A.W. HAMMOND inquires,
+when I knew him, about twelve years ago, was a strange whimsical old
+gentleman, full of "odd crotchets," and abounding in theatrical anecdote
+and the "gossip of the green-room." But as to his ever having been "a
+_profound_ commentator on the dramatic works of Shakspeare," I must beg
+leave to express my doubts. At one period he filled the post of
+sublibrarian to the Prince Regent; and that he was "ardently devoted to
+the pursuits of literature" cannot be a question.
+
+His published works, as far as I can learn, are as follows:-- {317}
+
+    1. A Trip to Holland, 1801.
+
+    2. Socrates, a dramatic poem, 8vo. 1806.
+
+    3. Lucianus Redivivus, or Dialogues concerning Men, Manners, and
+    Opinions, 8vo. 1812.
+
+    4. Shakspeare's Himself, or the Language of the Poet asserted;
+    being a full but dispassionate Examin of the Readings and
+    Interpretations of the several Editors, 2 vols. 8vo. 1815.
+
+EDWARD F. RIMBAULT.
+
+
+_Passage in Vida_ (Vol. i., p. 384.).--Your correspondent A.W. asks for
+some light on the lines of Vida, _Christiad_, i. 67.:
+
+  "Quin age, te incolumi potius....
+  ...
+  Perficias quodcumque tibi nunc instat agendum."
+
+He cannot construe "te incolumi." No wonder. Will not all be set right
+by reading, "Quin age, et incolumi," &c.?
+
+J.S.W.
+
+Stockwell, Sept. 7.
+
+
+"_Quem Deus vult perdere_" (Vol. i., p. 347., &c.).--To the
+illustrations of the saying "_Quem Deus vult perdere prius dementat_,"
+which have been given, may be added the following from the _Fragments of
+Constantinus Manasses_ (edited with _Nicet. Eugen_., by Boissonade.
+Paris, 1819), book viii. line 40.:--
+
+  [Greek: "Ho gar theos aptomenos anthropou dianoias
+  Haenika to dusdaimoni kirnaesi penthous poma,
+  Ouden pollakis sugchorei bouleusasthai sumpheron."]
+
+J.E.B. MAYOR.
+
+Marlborough College.
+
+
+_Countess of Desmond_ (Vol. ii., pp. 153. 186.).--R. is referred to
+Smith's _History of Cork_, and _European Magazine_, vol. viii., for
+particulars respecting the Countess of Desmond. They show her picture at
+Knowle House, Kent, or Penshurst (I forget which); and tell the story of
+the fall from the cherry (or plum) tree, adding that she cut three sets
+of teeth!
+
+WEDSECNARF.
+
+
+_Confession_ (Vol. ii., p. 296.).--The name asked for by U.J.B. of the
+Catholic priest, who, sooner than break the seal of confession, suffered
+death, is John of Nepomuc, Canon of Prague. By order of the Emperor
+Wenceslas, he was thrown off a bridge into the Muldaw, because he would
+not tell that profligate prince the confession of his religious empress.
+This holy man is honoured as St. John Nepomucen on the 16th of May, in
+the kalendar of Saints.
+
+D. ROCK.
+
+
+    [U.J.B., if desirous of further particulars respecting St. John
+    Nepomuc, may consult Mrs. Jameson's interesting _Legends of the
+    Monastic Orders_, pp. 214. 217.--ED.]
+
+
+_Cavell, meaning of_ (Vol. i., p. 473.).--I concur entirely with the
+etymology of the word _cavell_ given at p. 473. A lake having been
+drained in my country, the land is still divided into _Kavelingen_; as
+lots of land were formerly measured by strings of cord, _kavel_,
+_kabel_, _cable_. Vide Tuinman _Trakkel_, d. n. t. p. 165. _Kavelloten_
+is to receive a cavell by _lot._ cf. _Idem, Verrolg_, p. 97.
+
+JANUS DOUSA.
+
+
+_Lord Kingsborough's Antiquities of Mexico._--Has Lord Kingsborough's
+splendid work on Mexican hieroglyphics ever been completed or not?
+
+J.A. GILES.
+
+
+    [This magnificent work has been recently completed by the
+    publication of the eighth volume, which may, we believe, be
+    procured from Mr. Henry Bohn.--ED.]
+
+
+_Aerostation_ (Vol. ii., p. 199.).--The article BALLOON, in the _Penny
+Cyclopaedia_, would give C.B.M. a good many references. The early works
+there mentioned are those of Faujas de St. Fond, Bourgeois, and Cavallo;
+to which I add the following: Thomas Baldwin, _Airopaidia, containing
+the Narrative of a Balloon Excursion from Chester, Sept_. 8. 1785.
+Chester, 1786, 8vo. (pp. 360.).
+
+Vincent Lunardi published the account of his voyage (the first made in
+England) in a series of letters to a friend. The title is torn out in my
+copy. The first page begins, "An Account of the First Aerial Voyage in
+England. Letter I. London, July 15. 1784." (8vo. pp. 66 + ii. with a
+plate.) It ends with a poetical epistle to Lunardi by "a gentleman well
+known in the literary world" (query, the same who is thus cited in our
+day?) from which the following extracts are taken as a specimen of the
+original balloon jokes:--
+
+  "The multitude scarcely believed that a man,
+  With his senses about him could form such a plan,
+  And thought that as Bedlam was so very nigh,
+  You had better been there than turned loose in the sky.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+  "In their own way of thinking, all felt and all reasoned,
+  Greedy aldermen judged that your flight was ill-seasoned,
+  That you'd better have taken a good dinner first,
+  Nor have pinched your poor stomach by hunger or thirst.
+
+  "In perfect indifference the beau yawned a blessing,
+  And feared before night that your hair would want dressing;
+  But the ladies, all zeal, sent their wishes in air,
+  For a man of such spirit is ever their care.
+
+  "Attornies were puzzled how now they could sue you,
+  Underwriters, what premium they'd now take to do you;
+  While the sallow-faced Jew, of his monies so fond,
+  Thanked Moses he never had taken your bond."
+
+Mr. Baldwin ascended in Lunardi's balloon, the latter being present at
+the start, though not taking part in the voyage.
+
+M.
+
+
+_Concolinel_ (Vol. ii., p. 217.).--I have been many years engaged in
+researches connected with {318} the _original_ music of Shakspeare's
+Plays, but it has not been my good fortune to meet with the air of
+_Concolinel_. The communication of your correspondent R. is of the
+greatest interest, and I should be for ever grateful if he would allow
+me to see the manuscript in question, in order that I might test the
+_genuineness_ of the air "stated, in a recent hand, to be the tune of
+_Concolinel_ mentioned by Shakspeare."
+
+This air has double claims on our attention, as its existence, in any
+shape, is placed amongst the "doubtful" points by the following note
+extracted from the Rev. J. Hunter's _New Illustrations of Shakspeare_,
+vol. i. p. 268.:--
+
+    "Concolinel. In the absence of any thing like sufficient
+    explanation or justification of this word, if word it is, I will
+    venture to suggest the possibility that it is a corruption of a
+    stage direction, _Cantat Ital._, for _Cantat Italice_; meaning
+    that here Moth sings an Italian song. It is quite evident, from
+    what Armado says, when the song was ended, 'Sweet air!' that a
+    song of some sort was sung, and one which Shakespeare was
+    pleased with, and meant to praise. If Moth's song had been an
+    English song, it would have been found in its place as the other
+    songs are."
+
+I, for one, cannot subscribe to Mr. Hunter's suggestion that our great
+poet intended an _Italian_ song to be sung in his play and for this
+reason, that Italian music for a _single voice_ was almost unknown in
+this country in 1597, at which date we know _Love's Labour's Lost_ was
+in existence. Surely _Concolinel_ is just as likely to be the burden of
+a song as _Calen o Custure me_, mentioned in _Henry the Fifth_ (Act iv.
+sc. 4.), of which there is now no doubt.
+
+I may just mention, in passing, that I have discovered the air of _Calen
+o Custure me_ in a manuscript that once belonged to Queen Elizabeth, and
+have ample proof that it was an especial favourite with her maiden
+majesty. The commentators were at fault when they pointed out the more
+modern tune of the same name in Playford's _Musical Companion_, 1667.
+
+EDWARD F. RIMBAULT.
+
+S. Augustus Square, Regent's Park.
+
+
+_Andrewes's Tortura Torti_ (Vol. ii., p. 295.).--On what forms Mr.
+Bliss's third quotation, which _does_ appear in some shape in Bernard,
+_De Consid. ad Eugen._, iii. 4. 18., the _Bibliotheca Juridica_, &c., of
+Ferraris observes, under the head of _Dispensatio_: "Hinc dispensatio
+sine justa causa non dispensatio sed dissipatio dicitur communiter a
+doctoribus, ut observant et tenent Sperell;" then referring to several
+Romish canonists, &c., the last being Reiffenstuel, lib. i., _Decretal_,
+tit. 2., n. 450., of which I give the full reference, his volumes being
+accessible in the British Museum, if not elsewhere.
+
+NOVUS.
+
+
+_Swords worn in Public_ (Vol. ii., p. 218.)--A very respected and old
+friend of mine, now deceased, used to relate that he had often seen the
+celebrated Wilkes, of political notoriety, walking in the public
+streets, dressed in what is usually termed court dress, wearing his
+sword. Wilkes died in 1797. In connexion with this subject it may be
+interesting to your readers to know that in 1701 it was found necessary
+to prohibit footmen wearing swords. An order was issued by the Earl
+Marshal in that year, declaring that--
+
+    "Whereas many mischiefs and dangerous accidents, tending not
+    onely to the highest breach of the peace, but also to the
+    destruction of the lives of his Ma'ties subjects, have happend
+    and been occasioned by Footmen wearing of Swords, for the
+    prevention of the like evill accidents and disturbance for the
+    future, I doe hereby order that no Foot-man attending any of the
+    Nobilitye or Gentry of his Ma'ties Realms, during such time as
+    they or any of them shall reside or bee within the Cities of
+    London or Westm'r, and the Liberties and Precincts of the same,
+    shall wear any Sword, Hanger, Bagonet, or other such like
+    offensive weapon, as they will answer the Contempt hereof."
+    Dated 30th Dec. 1701.
+
+F.E.
+
+
+_Speech given to Man to conceal his Thoughts_ (Vol. i., p. 83.).--The
+maxim quoted by your correspondent F.R.A. was invented, if I may rely
+upon the _notebook_ of memory, by the Florentine Machiavelli. The German
+writer Ludwig Boerne says:--
+
+    "Macchiavelli, der die Freiheit liebte, schrieb seinem Prinzen
+    so, dass er alle rechtschaffenen Psychologen in Verlegenheit und
+    in solche Verwirrung gebracht, dass sie gar nicht mehr wussten,
+    was sie sprachen und sie behaupteten, Macchiavelli habe eine
+    politische Satyre geschrieben."
+
+Le style c'est l'homme!
+
+JANUS DOUSA.
+
+
+_The Character "&,", and Meaning of "Parse"_ (Vol. ii., pp. 230.
+284.).--This character, being different from any of the twenty-four
+letters, was placed at the end of the alphabet, and children, after
+repeating their letters, were taught to indicate this symbol as
+_and-per-se-and_. Instead of spelling the word _and_, as composed of
+three letters, it was denoted by a special symbol, which was "_and by
+itself, and_." Hence the corruption, an _ampussy and_.
+
+The word _parse_ is also derived from the Latin _per se_. To _parse_ a
+sentence is to take the words _per se_, and to explain their grammatical
+form and etymology.
+
+L.
+
+
+_Wife of Edward the Outlaw_ (Vol. ii., p. 279.).--With reference to the
+Query of E.H.Y. (Vol. ii., p. 279.), there seems to be much confusion in
+all the accounts of Edward's marriage. I think it is evident, from an
+attentive consideration of the various authorities, that the Lady Agatha
+was {319} either sister to Giselle, wife of _Stephen_, King of Hungary
+(to whom the young princes must have been sent, as _he_ reigned from
+A.D. 1000 till A.D. 1038), and sister also to the Emperor Henry II., or,
+as some writers seem to think, she was the daughter of Bruno, that
+emperor's brother. (See a note in Dr. Lingard's _History_, vol. i. p.
+349.)
+
+That she was not the _daughter_ of either Henry II., Henry III., or
+Henry IV., is very certain; in the first case, for the reason stated by
+your correspondent; and in the second, because Henry III. was only
+twelve years old when he succeeded his father Conrad II. (in the year
+1039), which of course puts his son Henry IV. quite out of the question,
+who was born A.D. 1049. It strikes me (and perhaps some of your
+correspondents will correct me if I am wrong) that the two English
+princes _may_ have respectively married the two ladies to whom I have
+referred, and that hence may have arisen the discrepancies in the
+different histories: but that the wife of Edward the Outlaw was _one_ of
+these two I have no doubt.
+
+O.P.Q.
+
+
+_Translations of the Scriptures_ (Vol. ii., p. 229.).--C.F.S. may
+perhaps find _The Bible of every Land_, now publishing by Messrs.
+Bagster, serviceable in his inquiries respecting Roman Catholic
+translations of the Scriptures. The saying of the Duke of Lancaster is
+found in the first edition of Foxe's _Acts and Monuments_, and in the
+modern reprint, iv. 674.; the original of the treatise from which it is
+taken being in C.C. College, Cambridge. (See Nasmith's _Catalogue_, p.
+333.)
+
+NOVUS.
+
+
+_Scalping_ (Vol. ii., p. 220.).--W.B.D. confounds beheading with
+scalping. In the American war many British soldiers, it was said, walked
+about without their _scalps_, but not without their heads.
+
+SANDVICENSIS.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+MISCELLANEOUS.
+
+NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC.
+
+No one branch of antiquarian study has been pursued with greater success
+during the last few years than that of Gothic Architecture; and, to this
+success, no single work has contributed in any proportion equal to that
+of the _Glossary of Terms used in Grecian, Roman, Italian, and Gothic
+Architecture_. Since the year 1836, in which this work first appeared,
+no fewer than four large editions, each an improvement upon its
+predecessor, have been called for and exhausted. The fifth edition is
+now before us; and, we have no doubt, will meet, as it deserves, the
+same extended patronage and success. When we announce that in this fifth
+edition the text has been considerably augmented by the enlargement of
+many of the old articles, as well as by the addition of many new ones,
+among which Professor Willis has embodied a great part of his
+_Architectural Nomenclature of the Middle Ages_; that the number of
+woodcuts has been increased from eleven hundred to seventeen hundred;
+and lastly, that the Index has been rendered far more complete, by
+including in it the names of places mentioned, and the foreign synonyms;
+we have done more to show its increased value than any mere words of
+commendation would express. While the only omission that has been made,
+namely, that of the utensils and ornaments of the Mediaeval Church (with
+the exception of the few such as altars, credences, piscinas, and
+sedilias, which belong to architectural structure and decoration), is a
+portion of the work which all must admit to have been foreign to a
+Glossary of Architectural Terms, and must therefore agree to have been
+wisely and properly left out. The work in its present form is, we
+believe, unequalled in the architectural literature of Europe, for the
+amount of accurate information which it furnishes, and the beauty of its
+illustrations; and as such, therefore, does the highest credit both to
+its editor and to its publisher; if, indeed, the editor and publisher be
+not identical.
+
+Mr. L.A. Lewis, of 125. Fleet Street, has commenced a series of weekly
+Book Sales, to take place every Friday during the months of October and
+November, and has arranged that parties sending large or small parcels
+of books for sale during the one week, may have them sold on the Friday
+in the week following.
+
+We have received the following Catalogues:--Bernard Quaritch's (16.
+Castle Street, Leicester Square) Catalogue No. 19. for 1850 of Oriental
+Literature, Manuscripts, Theology, Classics, &c.; John Miller's (43.
+Chandos Street) Catalogue No. 12. for 1850 of History, Antiquities,
+Heraldry, &c., and Conchology, Geology, and other popular Sciences.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES
+
+WANTED TO PURCHASE.
+
+An early Edition of the HISTORY OF JACK AND THE GIANTS.
+
+Odd Volumes
+
+TURNER'S SACRED HISTORY. Vol. III. First Edition, 8vo.
+
+Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, to be
+sent to Mr. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS.
+
+VOLUME THE FIRST OF NOTES AND QUERIES, _with Title-page and very copious
+Index, is now ready, price 9s. 6d., bound in cloth, and may be had, by
+order, of all Booksellers and Newsmen_.
+
+_The Monthly Part for September, being the Fourth of Vol. II., is also
+now ready, price 1s._
+
+NOTES AND QUERIES _may be procured by the Trade at noon on Friday: so
+that our country Subscribers ought to experience no difficulty in
+receiving it regularly. Many of the country Booksellers are probably not
+yet aware of this arrangement, which enables them to receive Copies in
+their Saturday parcels_.
+
+_As the Suggestion we threw out in our last week's Paper of publishing
+an extra Number for the purpose of clearing off our accumulation of
+REPLIES, seems to have given general satisfaction, we shall, on Saturday
+next, issue a Double Number, to be devoted chiefly, if not entirely, to
+REPLIES._
+
+       *       *       *       *       * {320}
+
+THE QUARTERLY REVIEW,
+No. CLXXIV., is published THIS DAY.
+
+CONTENTS
+
+I. TICKNOR'S HISTORY OF SPANISH LITERATURE.
+II. CHURCH AND EDUCATION IN WALES.
+III. FORMS OF SALUTATION.
+IV. SIBERIA AND CALIFORNIA.
+V. MURE ON THE LITERATURE OF GREECE.
+VI. METROPOLITAN WATER SUPPLY.
+VII. ANECDOTES OF THE PROVISIONAL GOVERNMENT.
+VIII. COCHRANE'S YOUNG ITALY.
+IX. LAST DAYS OF LOUIS-PHILIPPE.
+
+JOHN MURRAY, Albemarle Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Published this day Saturday, October 12th,
+
+KNIGHT'S PICTORIAL SHAKSPEARE.
+The NATIONAL EDITION. Part 1., containing THE
+TWO GENTLEMEN OF VERONA, with Forty Illustrations, Price 1s.
+
+London: CHARLES KNIGHT, 90. Fleet Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+KNIGHT'S CYCLOPAEDIA OF THE INDUSTRY
+OF ALL NATIONS. Number I., price 2d.
+
+KNIGHT'S CYCLOPAEDIA OF LONDON.
+Number 1., price 2d. The above will be published on Saturday,
+November 2, and continued Weekly.
+
+London: CHARLES KNIGHT, 90. Fleet Street.
+
+And sold by all Booksellers in Town and Country.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+INDIA OVERLAND MAIL.--DIORAMA. GALLERY OF ILLUSTRATION, 14. Regent
+Street, Waterloo Place.--A Gigantic MOVING DIORAMA of the ROUTE of the
+OVERLAND MAIL to INDIA, exhibiting the following Places, viz.
+Southampton Docks, Isle of Wight, Osbourne, the Needles, the Bay of
+Biscay, the Berlings, Cintra, the Tagus, Cape Trafalgar, Tarifa,
+Gibraltar, Algiers, Malta, Alexandria, Cairo, the Desert of Suez, the
+Central Station, Suez, the Red Sea, Aden, Ceylon, Madras, and
+Calcutta--is now OPEN DAILY.--Mornings at Twelve; Afternoons at Three;
+and Evenings at Eight.--Admission, 1s.; Stalls, 2s. 6d.; Reserved Seats,
+3s. Doors open half an hour before each Representation.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+On the 1st of October, No. 12, price 5s., published Quarterly,
+
+THE JOURNAL OF SACRED LITERATURE.
+Edited by JOHN KITTO, D.D., F.S.A.
+
+CONTENTS.
+Genesis and Geology.
+The Bible and Josephus.
+On the Authorship of the Acts of the Apostles.
+Jewish Commentaries on Isaiah.
+Voices of the Night.
+On the Literal Interpretation of Prophecy.
+Ramathaim Zephim and Rachel's Sepulchre.
+The Life of Hugh Heugh, D.D.
+Reconsidered Texts.
+Miscellanea.
+
+Correspondence.--Notices of Books.--Biblical Intelligence--List of
+Publications.
+
+London: SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, and CO., Stationer's Hall Court. Edinburgh:
+OLIVER and BOYD. Dublin: J. ROBERTSON, Grafton Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Second Edition, with illustrations, 12mo., 3s. cloth.
+
+THE BELL; its Origin, History, and Uses.
+By the Rev. ALFRED GATTY, Vicar of Ecclesfield.
+
+"A new and revised edition of a very varied, learned, and amusing essay
+on the subject of bells."--_Spectator_.
+
+GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+JOURNAL FRANCAIS, publie a Londres.--Le COURRIER de l'EUROPE, fonde en
+1840 paraissant le Samedi, donne dans chaque numero les nouvelles de la
+semaine, les meilleurs articles de tous les journaux de Paris, la
+Semaine Dramatique par Th. Gautier ou J. Janin, la Revue de Paris par
+Pierre Durand, et reproduit en entier les romans, nouvelles, etc., en
+vogue par les premiers ecrivains de France. Prix 6d.
+
+London: JOSEPH THOMAS, 1. Finch Lane.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+IMPORTANT TO AUTHORS.--Gentlemen about to PRINT and PUBLISH either BOOKS
+or PAMPHLETS, will save nearly ONE HALF by employing HOPE & CO.,
+Publishers, 16. Great Marlborough Street. A Specimen Pamphlet of
+Bookwork, with Prices, a complete Author's Guide, sent post free for 4d.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+MEMOIRS OF MUSICK. By the Hon. ROGER NORTH, Attorney-General to James I.
+Now first printed from the original MS. and edited, with copious Notes,
+by EDWARD F. RIMBAULT, LL.D., F.S.A., &c. &c. Quarto; with a Portrait;
+handsomely printed in 4to.; half-bound in morocco, 15s.
+
+This interesting MS., so frequently alluded to by Dr. Burney in the
+course of his "History of Music," has been kindly placed at the disposal
+of the Council of the Musical Antiquarian Society, by George Townshend
+Smith, Esq., Organist of Hereford Cathedral. But the Council, not
+feeling authorised to commence a series of literary publications, yet
+impressed with the value of the work, have suggested its independent
+publication to their Secretary, Dr. Rimbault, under whose editorial care
+it accordingly appears.
+
+It abounds with interesting Musical Anecdotes; the Greek Fables
+respecting the origin of Music; the rise and progress of Musical
+Instruments; the early Musical Drama; the origin of our present
+fashionable Concerts; the first performance of the Beggar's Opera, &c.
+
+A limited number having been printed, few copies remain for sale: unsold
+copies will shortly be raised in price to 1l. 10s. 6d.
+
+Folio, price 30s.
+
+THE CHORAL RESPONSES AND LITANIES
+OF THE UNITED CHURCH OF ENGLAND
+AND IRELAND. Collected from Authentic Sources. By the
+Rev. JOHN JEBB, A.M., Rector of Peterstow.
+
+The present Work contains a full collection of the harmonized
+compositions of ancient date, including nine sets of pieces and
+responses, and fifteen litanies, with a few of the more ancient Psalm
+Chants. They are given in full score, and in their proper cliffs. In the
+upper part, however, the treble is substituted for the "cantus" or
+"medius" cliff: and the whole work is so arranged as to suit the library
+of the musical student, and to be fit for use in the Choir.
+
+London: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Just Published, Octavo Edition, plain, 15s., Quarto Edition, having the
+Plates of the Tesselated Pavements all coloured, 1l. 5s.
+
+REMAINS of ROMAN ART in Cirencester, the Site of Ancient Corinium;
+containing Plates by De la Motte, of the magnificent Tesselated
+Pavements discovered in August and September, 1849, with copies of the
+grand Heads of Ceres, Flora, and Pomona; reduced by the Talbotype from
+facsimile tracings of the original; together with various other plates
+and numerous wood engravings.
+
+In the Quarto edition the folding of the plates necessary for the
+smaller volume is avoided.
+
+"These heads (Ceres, Flora, and Pomona) are of a high order of art, and
+Mr. De la Motte, by means of the Talbotype, has so successfully reduced
+them that the engravings are perfect facsimiles of the originals. They
+are, perhaps, the best of the kind, every tessella apparently being
+represented.
+
+"Our authors have very advantageously brought to their task a knowledge
+of geology and chemistry, and the important aid which an application of
+these sciences confers on archaeology, is strikingly shown in the chapter
+on the materials of the tessellae, which also includes a valuable report
+by Dr. VOELCKER, on an analysis of ruby glass, which formed part of the
+composition of one of the Cirencester pavements. This portion of the
+volume is too elaborate and circumstantial for any justice to be done to
+it in an extract."--_Gentleman's Mag., Sept._
+
+London: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5. New
+Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride in the City of London; and
+published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish of St.
+Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet
+Street aforesaid.--Saturday, October 12. 1850.
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes & Queries, No. 50. Saturday,
+October 12, 1850, by Various
+
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