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diff --git a/13462-h/13462-h.htm b/13462-h/13462-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..72dede8 --- /dev/null +++ b/13462-h/13462-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,1953 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" +"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> +<head> +<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> +<meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" /> +<title>The Project Gutenberg eBook of Notes And Queries, Issue 46.</title> + +<style type="text/css"> + + body {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%;} + p {text-align: justify;} + blockquote {text-align: justify;} + h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 {text-align: center;} + + hr {text-align: center; width: 50%;} + html>body hr {margin-right: 25%; margin-left: 25%; width: 50%;} + hr.full {width: 100%;} + html>body hr.full {margin-right: 0%; margin-left: 0%; width: 100%;} + hr.adverts {width: 100%; height: 5px; color: black;} + html>body hr.adverts {margin-right: 0%; margin-left: 0%; width: 100%;} + + .note {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; + font-size: 0.9em;} + + .poem {margin-left:10%; margin-right:10%; + text-align: left;} + .poem .stanza {margin: 1em 0em 1em 0em;} + .poem p {margin: 0; padding-left: 3em; text-indent: -3em;} + .poem p.i2 {margin-left: 2em;} + .poem p.i4 {margin-left: 4em;} + .poem p.i6 {margin-left: 6em;} + .poem p.i8 {margin-left: 8em;} + .poem p.i10 {margin-left: 10em;} + + span.pagenum {position: absolute; left: 1%; right: 91%; + font-size: 8pt;} + + p.author {text-align: right;} + +</style> +</head> +<body> +<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 13462 ***</div> + +<h1><span class="pagenum"><a id="page241" name= "page241"></a></span>NOTES AND QUERIES:</h1> +<h2>A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, +ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC.</h2> +<hr /> +<h3><b>"When found, make a note of."</b>—CAPTAIN CUTTLE.</h3> +<hr class="full" /> +<table summary="masthead" width="100%"> +<tr> +<td align="left"><b>No. 46.</b></td> +<td align="center"><b>SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, +1850</b></td> +<td align="right"><b>Price Threepence.<br /> +Stamped Edition 4d.</b></td> +</tr> +</table> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<h2>CONTENTS.</h2> + +<table summary=""> +<tr> +<td align="left">NOTES:—</td> +<td align="right">Page</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">The Meaning of "Risell" in Hamlet, by S.W. +Singer</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page241">241</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Authors of the Rolliad</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page242">242</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Notes and Queries</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page242">242</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">The Body of James II., by Pitman Jones</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page243">243</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Folk Lore:—Legend of Sir Richard +Baker—Prophetic Spring at Langley, Kent</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page244">244</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Minor Notes:—Poem by Malherbe—Travels +of Two English Pilgrims</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page245">245</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">QUERIES:—</td> +<td></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Quotations in Bishop Andrewes, by Rev. James +Bliss</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page245">245</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Minor Queries:—Spider and Fly—Lexicon +of Types—Montaigue's Select Essays—Custom of wearing +the Breast uncovered—Milton's Lycidas—Sitting during +the Lessons—Blew-Beer—Carpatio—Value of +Money—Bishop Berkeley, and Adventures of Gaudeatio di +Lucca—Cupid and Psyche—Zund-nadel Guns—Bacon +Family—Armorials—Artephius—Sir Robert +Howard—Crozier and Pastoral Staff—Marks of +Cadency—Miniature Gibbet</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page245">245</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">REPLIES:—</td> +<td></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Collar of S.S. by Rev. H.T. Ellacombe and J. Gough +Nichols</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page248">248</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Sir Gregory Norton</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page250">250</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Shakspeare's Word "Delighted," by Rev. Dr. +Kennedy</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page250">250</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Aerostation, by Henry Wilkinson</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page251">251</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Replies to Minor Queries:—Long +Lonkin—Rowley Powley—Guy's +Armour—Alarm—Prelates of +France—Haberdasher—"Rapido contrarius +orbi"—Robertson of Muirtown—"Noli me +tangere"—Clergy sold for Slaves—North Side of +Churchyards—Sir John Perrot—Coins of Constantius +II.—She ne'er with treacherous +Kiss—California—Bishops and their +Precedence—Elizabeth and Isabel—Bever's Legal +Polity—Rikon Basilike, &c.</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page251">251</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">MISCELLANEOUS:—</td> +<td></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &c.</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page255">255</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Notices to Correspondents</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page255">255</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td align="left">Advertisements</td> +<td align="right"><a href="#page256">256</a></td> +</tr> +</table> +<hr class="full" /> +<h2>NOTES.</h2> +<h3>THE MEANING OF "DRINK UP EISELL" IN HAMLET.</h3> +<p>Few passages have been more discussed than this wild challenge +of Hamlet to Laertes at the grave of Ophelia:</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Ham. I lov'd Ophelia! forty thousand brothers</p> +<p>Could not, with all their quantity of love,</p> +<p>Make up my sum. What wilt thou do for her?</p> +</div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>—Zounds! show me what thou'lt do?</p> +<p>Woo't weep? Woo't fight? Woo't fast? Woo't tear</p> +<p>thyself?</p> +</div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p><i>Woo't drink up Eisell?</i> eat a crocodile?</p> +</div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>I'll do't".</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>The sum of what has been said may be given in the words of +Archdeacon Nares:</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"There is no doubt that eisell meant vinegar, nor even that +Shakspeare has used it in that sense; but in this passage it seems +that it must be put for the name of a Danish river.... The question +was much disputed between Messrs. Steevens and Malone: the former +being for the river, the latter for the vinegar; and he endeavored +even to get over the drink up, which stood much in his way. But +after all, the challenge to drink vinegar, in such a rant, is so +inconsistent, and even ridiculous, that we must decide for the +river, whether its name be exactly found or not. To drink up a +river, and eat a crocodile with his impenetrable scales, are two +things equally impossible. There is no kind of comparison between +the others."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>I must confess that I was formerly led to adopt this view of the +passage, but on more mature investigation I find that it is wrong. +I see no necessary connection between eating a crocodile and +drinking up eysell; and to drink up was commonly used for simply to +drink. Eisell or Eysell certainly signified vinegar, but it was +certainly not used in that sense by Shakspeare, who may in this +instance be his own expositor; the word occurring again in his +CXIth sonnet.</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Whilst, like a willing patient, I will drink</p> +<p>Potions of eysell, 'gainst my strong infection;</p> +<p>No bitterness that I will bitter think,</p> +<p>Nor double penance, to correct correction."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>Here we see that it was a bitter potion which it was a penance +to drink. Thus also in the Troy Book of Lydgate:</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Of bitter eysell, and of eager wine."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>Now numerous passages in our old dramatic writers show that it +was a fashion with the gallants of the time to do some extravagant +feat, as a proof of their love, in honour of their mistresses; and +among others the swallowing some nauseous potion was one of the +most frequent; but vinegar would hardly have been considered in +this light; wormwood might.</p> +<p>In Thomas's Italian Dictionary, 1562, we have "Assentio, Eysell" +and Florio renders that word by vinegar. What is meant, however, is +Absinthites or Wormwood wine, a nauseously bitter medicament then +much in use; and this being evidently <span class= +"pagenum"><a name="page242" id="page242"></a></span> the +<i>bitter potion of Eysell</i> in the poet's sonnet, was certainly +the nauseous draught proposed to be taken by Hamlet among the other +extravagant feats as tokens of love. The following extracts will +show that in the poet's age this nauseous bitter potion was in +frequent use medicinally.</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"ABSINTHIUM, [Greek: apsinthion, aspinthion], Comicis, ab +insigni amarore quo bibeates illud aversantur."-<i>Junius, +Nomenclator ap. Nicot</i>.</p> +<p>"ABSINTHITES, <i>wormwood wine</i>.—<i>Hutton's +Dict</i>.</p> +<p>"Hujus modi autem propomatum <i>hodie</i> apud Christianos +quoque <i>maximus est et frequentissimus usus</i>, quibus potatores +maximi ceu proemiis quibusdam atque præludiis utuntur, ad +dirum illud suum propinandi certamen. <i>Ae maxime quidem commune +est proponia absynthites</i>, quod vim habet stomachum corroborandi +et extenuandi, expellendique excrementa quæ in eo +continentur. Hoc fere propomate potatores hodie maxime ab initio +coenæ utuntur ceu pharmaco cum hesternæ, atque +præteritæ, tum futuræ ebrietatis, atque +crapulæ.... <i>amarissimæ sunt potiones +medicatæ</i>, quibus tandem stomachi cruditates immoderato +cibo potuque collectas expurgundi cause uti +coguntur."—Stuckius, <i>Antiquitatæ Corviralium. +Tiguri</i>, 1582, fol. 327.</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Of the two latest editors, Mr. Knight decides for the +<i>river</i>, and Mr. Collier does not decide at all. Our northern +neighbours think us almost as much deficient in philological +illustration as in enlarged philosophical criticism on the poet, in +which they claim to have shown us the way.</p> +<p class="author">S.W. SINGER.</p> +<p>Mickleham, Aug. 1850.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>AUTHORS OF THE ROLLIAD.</h3> +<p>To the list of subjects and authors in this unrivalled volume, +communicated by LORD BRAYBROOKE (Vol. ii., p. 194.), I would add +that No. XXI. <i>Probationary Odes</i> (which is unmarked in the +Sunning-hill Park copy) was written by Dr. Laurence: so also were +Nos. XIII. and XIV., of which LORD BRAYBROOKE speaks doubtfully. My +authority is the note in the correspondence of Burke and Laurence +published in 1827, page 21. The other names all agree with my own +copy, marked by the late Mr. A. Chalmers.</p> +<p>In order to render the account of the work complete, I would add +the following list of writers of the <i>Political Miscellanies</i>. +Those marked with an asterisk are said "not to be from the +club:"—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"* Probationary Ode Extraordinary, by Mason.</p> +<p>The Statesmen, an Eclogue. Read.</p> +<p>Rondeau to the Right Honourable W. Eden. Dr. Laurence.</p> +<p>Epigrams from the Club. Miscellaneous.</p> +<p>The Delavaliad. Dr. Laurence.</p> +<p>This is the House that George built. Richardson.</p> +<p>Epigrams by Sir Cecil Wray. Tickell and Richardson.</p> +<p>Lord Graham's Diary, not marked.</p> +<p>* Extracts from 2nd Vol. of Lord Mulgrave's Essays.</p> +<p>* Anecdotes of Mr. Pitt.</p> +<p>Letter from a New Member.</p> +<p>* Political Receipt Book, &c.</p> +<p>* Hints from Dr. Pretyman.</p> +<p>A tale 'at Brookes's once,' &c. Richardson.</p> +<p>Dialogue 'Donec Gratus eram Tibi.' Lord J. Townshend.</p> +<p>Pretymaniana, principally by Tickell and Richardson.</p> +<p>Foreign Epigrams, the same and Dr. Laurence.</p> +<p>* Advertisement Extraordinary.</p> +<p>Vive le Scrutiny. Bate Dudley.</p> +<p>* Paragraph Office, Ivy Lane.</p> +<p>* Pitt and Pinetti.</p> +<p>* New Abstract of the Budget for 1784.</p> +<p>Theatrical Intelligence Extraordinary. Richardson.</p> +<p>The Westminster Guide (unknown). Part II. (unknown).</p> +<p>Inscription for the Duke of Richmond's Bust (unknown).</p> +<p>Epigram, 'Who shall expect,' &c. Richardson.</p> +<p>A New Ballad, 'Billy Eden.' Tickell and Richardson.</p> +<p>Epigrams on Sir Elijah Impey, and by Mr. Wilberforce +(unknown).</p> +<p>A Proclamation, by Richardson.</p> +<p>* Original Letter to Corbett.</p> +<p>* Congratulatory Ode to Right Hon. C. Jenkinson.</p> +<p>* Ode to Sir Elijah Impey.</p> +<p>* Song.</p> +<p>* A New Song, 'Billy's Budget.'</p> +<p>* Epigrams.</p> +<p>* Ministerial Undoubted Facts (unknown).</p> +<p>Journal of the Right Hon. Hen. Dundas. From the Club. +Miscellaneous.</p> +<p>Incantation. Fitzpatrick.</p> +<p>Translations of Lord Belgrave's Quotations. From the Club. +Miscellaneous."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Some of these minor contributions were from the pen of O'Beirne, +afterwards Bishop of Meath.</p> +<p>Tickell should be joined with Lord John Townshend in "Jekyll." +The former contributed the lines parodied from Pope.</p> +<p>In reply to LORD BRAYBROOKE'S Query, Moore, in his <i>Life of +Sheridan</i>, speaks of Lord John Townshend as the only survivor of +"this confederacy of wits:" so that, if he is correct, the author +of "Margaret Nicholson" (Adair) cannot be now living.</p> +<p class="author">J.H.M.</p> +<p>Bath.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>NOTES AND QUERIES.</h3> +<p>"There is nothing new under the sun," quoth the Preacher; and +such must be said of "NOTES AND QUERIES." Your contributor M. (Vol. +ii, p. 194.) has drawn attention to the <i>Weekly Oracle</i>, which +in 1736 gave forth its responses to the inquiring public; but, as +he intimates, many similar periodicals might be instanced. Thus, we +have <i>Memoirs for the Ingenious</i>, 1693, 4to., edited by I. de +la Crose; <i>Memoirs for the Curious</i>, 1701, 4to.; <i>The +Athenian Oracle</i>, 1704, 8vo.; <i>The Delphick Oracle</i>, +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page243" id= +"page243"></a></span> 1720, 8vo.; <i>The British Apollo</i>, +1740, 12mo.; with several others of less note. The three last +quoted answer many singular questions in theology, law, medicine, +physics, natural history, popular superstitions, &c., not +always very satisfactorily or very intelligently, but still, often +amusingly and ingeniously. <i>The British Apollo: containing two +thousand Answers to curious Questions in most Arts and Sciences, +serious, comical, and humourous</i>, the fourth edition of which I +have now before me, indulges in answering such questions as these: +"How old was Adam when Eve was created?—Is it lawful to eat +black pudding?—Whether the moon in Ireland is like the moon +in England? Where is hell situated? Do cocks lay eggs?" &c. In +answer to the question, "Why is gaping catching?" the Querists of +1740 are gravely told,—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Gaping or yawning is infectious, because the steams of the +blood being ejected out of the mouth, doth infect the ambient air, +which being received by the nostrils into another man's mouth, doth +irritate the fibres of the hypogastric muscle to open the mouth to +discharge by expiration the unfortunate gust of air infected with +the steams of blood, as aforesaid."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>The feminine gender, we are further told, is attributed to a +ship, "because a ship carries burdens, and therefore resembles a +pregnant woman."</p> +<p>But as the faith of 1850 in <i>The British Apollo</i>, with its +two thousand answers, may not be equal to the faith of 1740, what +dependence are we to place in the origin it attributes to two very +common words, a <i>bull</i>, and a <i>dun</i>?—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Why, when people speak improperly, is it termed a +bull?—It became a proverb from the repeated blunders of one +<i>Obadiah Bull</i>, a lawyer of London, who lived in the reign of +King Henry VII."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Now for the second,—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Pray tell me whence you can derive the original of the word +<i>dun</i>? Some falsely think it comes from the French, where +<i>donnez</i> signifies <i>give me</i>, implying a demand of +something due; but the true original of this expression owes its +birth to one <i>Joe Dun</i>, a famous bailiff of the town of +Lincoln, so extremely active, and so dexterous at the management of +his rough business, that it became a proverb, when a man refused to +pay his debts, 'Why don't you <i>Dun</i> him?' that is, why don't +you send Dun to arrest him? Hence it grew a custom, and is now as +old as since the days of Henry VII."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Were these twin worthies, Obadiah Bull the lawyer, and Joe Dun +the bailiff, men of straw for the nonce, or veritable flesh and +blood? They both flourished, it appears, in the reign of Henry +VII.; and to me it is doubtful whether one reign could have +produced two worthies capable of cutting so deep a notch in the +English tongue.</p> +<p>"To dine with Duke Humphrey," we are told, arose from the +practice of those who had shared his dainties when alive being in +the habit of perambulating St. Paul's, where he was buried, at the +dining time of day; what dinner they then had, they had with Duke +Humphrey the defunct.</p> +<p>Your contributor MR. CUNNINGHAM will be able to decide as to the +value of the origin of Tyburn here given to us:</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"As to the antiquity of Tyburn, it is no older than the year +1529; before that time, the place of execution was in <i>Rotten +Row</i> in <i>Old Street</i>. As for the etymology of the word +<i>Tyburn</i>, some will have it proceed from the words <i>tye</i> +and <i>burn</i>, alluding to the manner of executing traitors at +that place; others believe it took its name from a small river or +brook once running near it, and called by the Romans Tyburnia. +Whether the first or second is the truest, the querist may judge as +he thinks fit."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>And so say I.</p> +<p>A readable volume might be compiled from these "NOTES AND +QUERIES," which amused our grandfathers; and the works I have +indicated will afford much curious matter in etymology, folk-lore, +topography, &c., to the modern antiquary.</p> +<p class="author">CORKSCREW.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>JAMES THE SECOND, HIS REMAINS.</h3> +<p>The following curious account was given to me by Mr. +Fitz-Simons, an Irish gentleman, upwards of eighty years of age, +with whom I became acquainted when resident with my family at +Toulouse, in September, 1840; he having resided in that city for +many years as a teacher of the French and English languages, and +had attended the late Sir William Follett in the former capacity +there in 1817. He said,—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"I was a prisoner in Paris, in the convent of the English +Benedictines in the Rue St. Jaques, during part of the revolution. +In the year 1793 or 1794, the body of King James II. of England was +in one of the chapels there, where it had been deposited some time, +under the expectation that it would one day be sent to England for +interment in Westminster Abbey. It had never been buried. The body +was in a wooden coffin, inclosed in a leaden one; and that again +inclosed in a second wooden one, covered with black velvet. That +while I was so a prisoner, the sans-culottes broke open the coffins +to get at the lead to cast into bullets. The body lay exposed +nearly a whole day. It was swaddled like a mummy, bound tight with +garters. The sans-culottes took out the body, which had been +embalmed. There was a strong smell of vinegar and camphor. The +corpse was beautiful and perfect. The hands and nails were very +fine, I moved and bent every finger. I never saw so fine a set of +teeth in my life. A young lady, a fellow prisoner, wished much to +have a tooth; I tried to get one out for her, but could not, they +were so firmly fixed. The feet also were very beautiful. The face +and cheeks were just as if he were alive. I rolled his eyes: the +eye-balls were perfectly firm under my finger. The French and +English prisoners <span class="pagenum"><a name="page244" id= +"page244"></a></span> gave money to the sans-culottes for +showing the body. They said he was a good sans-culotte, and they +were going to put him into a hole in the public churchyard like +other sans-culottes; and he was carried away, but where the body +was thrown I never heard. King George IV. tried all in his power to +get tidings of the body, but could not. Around the chapel were +several wax moulds of the face hung up, made probably at the time +of the king's death, and the corpse was very like them. The body +had been originally kept at the palace of St. Germain, from whence +it was brought to the convent of the Benedictines. Mr. Porter, the +prior, was a prisoner at the time in his own convent."</p> +</blockquote> + +<p>The above I took down from Mr. Fitz-Simons' own mouth, and read +it to him, and he said it was perfectly correct. Sir W. Follett +told me he thought Mr. Fitz-Simons was a runaway Vinegar Hill boy. +He told me that he was a monk.</p> +<p class="author">PITMAN JONES.</p> +<p>Exeter, Aug. 1850.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>FOLK LORE.</h3> +<p><i>The Legend of Sir Richard Baker</i> (vol. ii., p. +67.).—Will F.L. copy the inscription on the monument in +Cranbrook Church? The dates on it will test the veracity of the +legend. In the reign of Queen Mary, the representative of the +family was Sir John Baker, who in that, and the previous reigns of +Edward VI. and Henry VIII., had held some of the highest offices in +the kingdom. He had been Recorder of London, Speaker of the House +of Commons, Attorney-General and Chancellor of the Exchequer, and +died in the first year of the reign of Queen Elizabeth. His son, +Sir Richard Baker, was twice high-sheriff of the county of Kent, +and had the honour of entertaining Queen Elizabeth in her progress +through the county. This was, most likely, the person whose +monument F.L. saw in Cranbrook Church. The family had been settled +there from the time of Edward III., and seem to have been adding +continually to their possessions; and at the time mentioned by F.L. +as that of their decline, namely, in the reign of Edward VI., they +were in reality increasing in wealth and dignities. If the Sir +Richard Baker whose monument is referred to by F.L. was the son of +the Sir John above mentioned, the circumstances of his life +disprove the legend. He was not the sole representative of the +family remaining at the accession of Queen Mary. His father was +then living, and at the death of his father his brother John +divided with him the representation of the family, and had many +descendants. The family estates were not dissipated; on the +contrary, they were handed down through successive generations, to +one of whom, a grandson of Sir Richard, the dignity of a baronet +was given; and Sivinghurst, which was the family seat, was in the +possession of the third and last baronet's grandson, E.S. Beagham, +in the year 1730. Add to this that the Sir Richard Baker in +question was twice married, and that a monumental erection of the +costly and honourable description mentioned by F.L. was allowed to +be placed to his memory in the chancel of the church of the parish +in which such Bluebeard atrocities are said to have been committed, +and abundant grounds will thence appear for rejecting the truth of +the legend in the absence of all evidence. The unfortunately red +colour of the gloves most likely gave rise to the story. Nor is +this a solitary instance of such a legend having such an origin. In +the beautiful parish church of Aston, in Warwickshire, are many +memorials of the Baronet family of Holt, who owned the adjoining +domain and hall, the latter of which still remains, a magnificent +specimen of Elizabethan architecture. Either in one of the +compartments of a painted window of the church, or upon a +monumental marble to one of the Holts, is the Ulster badge, as +showing the rank of the deceased, and painted red. From the colour +of the badge, a legend of the bloody hand has been created as +marvellous as that of the Bloody Baker, so fully detailed by +F.L.</p> +<p class="author">ST. JOHNS.</p> +<p class="note">[Will our correspondent favour us by communicating +the Aston Legend of the Holt Family to which he refers?]</p> +<p><i>Langley, Kent, Prophetic Spring at.</i>—The following +"note" upon a passage in <i>Warkworth's Chronicle</i> (pp. 23, 24.) +may perhaps possess sufficient interest to warrant its insertion in +your valuable little publication. The passage is curious, not only +as showing the superstitious dread with which a simple natural +phenomenon was regarded by educated and intelligent men four +centuries ago, but also as affording evidence of the accurate +observation of a writer, whose labours have shed considerable light +upon "one of the darkest periods in our annals." The chronicler is +recording the occurrence, in the thirteenth year of Edward the +Fourth, of a "gret hote somere," which caused much mortality, and +"unyversalle fevers, axes, and the blody flyx in dyverse places of +Englonde," and also occasioned great dearth and famine "in the +southe partyes of the worlde."</p> +<p>He then remarks that "dyverse tokenes have be schewede in +Englonde this year for amendynge of mannys lyvynge," and proceeds +to enumerate several springs or waters in various places, which +only ran at intervals, and by their running always portended +"derthe, pestylence, or grete batayle." After mentioning several of +these, he adds—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Also ther is a pytte in Kent in Langley Parke: ayens any +batayle he wille be drye, and it rayne neveyre so myche; and if +ther be no batayle toward, he wille be fulle of watere, be it +neveyre so drye a wethyre; and this yere he is drye."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Langley Park, situated in a parish of the same <span class= +"pagenum"><a name="page245" id="page245"></a></span> name, +about four miles to the south-east of Maidstone, and once the +residence of the Leybournes and other families, well-known in +Kentish history, has long existed only in name, having been +disparked prior to 1570; but the "pytte," or stream, whose wondrous +qualities are so quaintly described by Warkworth, still flows at +intervals. It is scarcely necessary to add, that it belongs to the +class known as <i>intermitting springs</i>, the phenomena displayed +by which are easily explained by the syphon-like construction of +the natural reservoirs whence they are supplied.</p> +<p>I have never heard that any remnant of this curious superstition +can now be traced in the neighbourhood, but persons long acquainted +with the spot have told me that the state of the stream was +formerly looked upon as a good index of the probable future price +of corn. The same causes, which regulated the supply or deficiency +of water, would doubtless also affect the fertility of the +soil.</p> +<p class="author">EDWARD R.J. HOWE.</p> +<p>Chancery Lane, Aug. 1850.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>MINOR NOTES.</h3> +<p><i>Poem by Malherbe</i> (Vol. ii., p. 104.).—Possibly your +correspondent MR. SINGER may not be aware of the fact that the +beauty of the fourth stanza of Malherbe's Ode on the Death of +Rosette Duperrier is owing to a typographical error. The poet had +written in his MS.—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Et Rosette a vécu ce que vivent les roses," &c.,</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>omitting to cross his <i>t</i>'s, which the compositor took for +<i>l</i>'s, and set up <i>Roselle</i>. On receiving the +proof-sheet, at the passage in question a sudden light burst upon +Malherbe; of <i>Roselle</i> he made two words, and put in two +beautiful lines—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Et Rose, elle a vécu ce que vivent les roses,</p> +<p>L'espace d'un matin."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>(See <i>Français peints par eux-mémes</i>, vol. +ii. p. 270.)</p> +<p class="author">P.S. KING.</p> +<p>Kennington.</p> +<p><i>Travels of Two English Pilgrims.</i>—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"A True and Strange Discourse of the Travailes of Two English +Pilgrimes: what admirable Accidents befell them in their Journey to +Jerusalem, Gaza, Grand Cayro, Alexandria, and other places. Also, +what rare Antiquities, Monuments, and notable Memories (concording +with the Ancient Remembrances in the Holy Scriptures), they sawe in +the Terra Sancta; with a perfect Description of the Old and New +Jerusalem, and Situation of the Countries about them. A Discourse +of no lesse Admiration, then well worth the regarding: written by +one of them on the behalfe of himselfe and his fellowe Pilgrime. +Imprinted at London for Thomas Archer, and are to be solde at his +Shoppe, by the Royall Exchange. 1603."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>A copy of this 4to. tract, formerly in the hands of Francis +Meres, the author of <i>Wit's Commonwealth</i>, has the following +MS. note:—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Timberley, dwellinge on Tower Hill, a maister of a ship, made +this booke, as Mr. Anthony Mundye tould me. Thomas, at Mrs. +Gosson's, sent my wyfe this booke for a token, February 15. A.D. +1602."</p> +</blockquote> +<p class="author">P.B.</p> +<hr class="full" /> +<h2>QUERIES.</h2> +<h3>QUOTATIONS IN BISHOP ANDREWES' TORTURA TORTI.</h3> +<p>Can any of your contributors help me to ascertain the following +quotations which occur in Bishop Andrewes' <i>Tortura +Torti</i>?</p> +<p>P. 49.:</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Si clavem potestatis non præcedat clavis +discretionis."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>P. 58.:</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Dispensationes nihil aliud esse quam legum vulnera."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>P. 58.:</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Non dispensatio est, sed dissipatio."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>This, though not marked as a quotation, is, I believe, in <i>S. +Bernard</i>.</p> +<p>P. 183.:</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Et quæ de septem totum circumspicit orbem Montibus, +imperii Roma Deûmque locus."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>P. 225.:</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Nemo pius, qui pietatem cavet."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>P. 185.:</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Minutuli et patellares Dei."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>I should also be glad to ascertain whence the following passages +are derived, which he quotes in his <i>Responsio ad +Apologiam</i>?</p> +<p>P. 48.:</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"[Greek: to gar trephon me tout ego kalo theon.]"</p> +</blockquote> +<p>P. 145.:</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Vanæ sine viribus iræ."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>P. 119. occurs the "versiculus,"</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Perdere quos vult hos dementat;"</p> +</blockquote> +<p>the source of which some of your contributors have endeavoured +to ascertain.</p> +<p class="author">JAMES BLISS.</p> +<p>Ogbourne St. Andrew.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>MINOR QUERIES.</h3> +<p><i>The Spider and the Fly.</i>—Can any of your readers, +gentle or simple, senile or juvenile, inform me, through the medium +of your useful and agreeable periodical, in what collection of +nursery rhymes a poem called, I think, "The Spider and Fly," +occurs, and if procurable, where? The lines I allude to consisted, +to the best of my recollection, of a dialogue between a fly and a +spider, and began thus:—</p> + +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page246" id= "page246"></a></span> +<i>Fly</i>. Spider, spider, what do you spin?</p> +<p><i>Spider</i>. Mainsails for a man-of war.</p> +<p><i>Fly</i>. Spider, spider, 'tis too thin.</p> +<p class="i4">Tell me truly, what 'tis for.</p> +<p><i>Spider</i>. 'Tis for curtains for the king,</p> +<p class="i4">When he lies in his state bed.</p> +<p><i>Fly</i>. Spider, 'tis too mean a thing,</p> +<p class="i4">Tell me why your toils you spread.</p> +<p class="i4">&c. &c. &c.</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>There were other stanzas, I believe, but these are all I can +remember. My notion is, that the verses in question form part of a +collection of nursery songs and rhymes by Charles Lamb, published +many years ago, but now quite out of print. This, however, is a +mere surmise on my part, and has no better foundation than the vein +of humour, sprightliness, and originality, obvious enough in the +above extract, which we find running through and adorning all he +wrote. "Nihil quod tetigit non ornavit."</p> +<p class="author">S.J.</p> +<p><i>A Lexicon of Types.</i>—Can any of your readers inform +me of the existence of a collection of emblems or types? I do not +mean allegorical pictures, but isolated symbols, alphabetically +arranged or otherwise.</p> +<p>Types are constantly to be met with upon monuments, coins, and +ancient title-pages, but so mixed with other matters as to render +the finding a desired symbol, unless very familiar, a work of great +difficulty. Could there be a systematic arrangement of all those +known, with their definitions, it would be a very valuable work of +reference,—a work in which one might pounce upon all the +sacred symbols, classic types, signs, heraldic zoology, +conventional botany, monograms, and the like abstract art.</p> +<p class="author">LUKE LIMNER.</p> +<p><i>Montaigne, Select Essays of.</i>—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Essays selected from Montaigne, with a Sketch of the Life of +the Author. London. For P. Cadell, &c. 1800."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>This volume is dedicated to the Rev. William Coxe, rector of +Bemerton.</p> +<p>The life of Montaigne is dated the 28th of March, 1800, and +signed <i>Honoria</i>. At the end of the book is this +advertisement:—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Lately published by the same Author 'The Female Mentor.' 2d +edit., in 2 vols. 12mo."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Who was <i>Honoria</i>? and are these <i>essays</i> a scarce +book in England? In France it is entirely unknown to the numerous +commentators on Montaigne's works.</p> +<p class="author">O.D.</p> +<p><i>Custom of wearing the Breast uncovered in Elizabeth's +Reign.</i>—Fynes Moryson, in a well-known passage of his +<i>Itinerary</i>, (which I suppose I need not transcribe), tells us +that unmarried females and young married women wore the breasts +uncovered in Queen Elizabeth's reign. This is the custom in many +parts of the East. Lamartine mentions it in his pretty description +of Mademoiselle Malagambe: he adds, "it is the custom of the Arab +females." When did this curious custom commence in England, and +when did it go out of fashion?</p> +<p class="author">JARLTZBERG.</p> +<p><i>Milton's Lycidas.</i>—In a Dublin edition of Milton's +<i>Paradise Lost</i> (1765), in a memoir prefixed I find the +following explanation of than rather obscure passage in +<i>Lycidas</i>:—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Besides what the grim wolf, with privy paw,</p> +<p>Daily devours apace, and nothing said;</p> +<p>But that two-handed engine at the door</p> +<p>Stands ready to smite once, and smite no more."</p> +</div> +</div> +<blockquote> +<p>"This poem is not all made up of sorrow and tenderness, there is +a mixture of satire and indignation: for in part of it, the poet +taketh occasion to inveigh against the corruptions of the clergy, +and seemeth to have first discovered his acrimony against Arb. +Laud, and to have threatened him with the loss of his head, which +afterwards happened to him thorough the fury of his enemies. At +least I can think of no sense so proper to be given to these verses +in Lycidas." (p. vii.)</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Perhaps some of your numerous correspondents will kindly inform +me of the meaning or meanings usually assigned to this passage.</p> +<p class="author">JARLTZBERG.</p> +<p><i>Sitting during the Lessons.</i>—What is the origin of +the congregation remaining seated, while the first and second +lessons are read, in the church service? The rubric is silent on +the subject; it merely directs that the person who reads them shall +stand:—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"He that readeth so standing and turning himself, as he may best +be heard of all such as are present."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>With respect to the practice of sitting while the epistle is +read, and of standing while the gospel is read, in the communion +service; there is in the rubric a distinct direction that "all the +people are to stand up" during the latter, while it is silent as to +the former. From the silence of the rubric as to standing during +the two lessons of the morning service, and the epistle in the +communion service, it seems to have been inferred that the people +were to sit. But why are they directed to stand during the gospel +in the communion service, while they sit during the second lesson +in the morning service?</p> +<p class="author">L.</p> +<p><i>Blew-Beer.</i>—Sir, having taken a Note according to +your very sound advice, I addressed a letter to the <i>John +Bull</i> newspaper, which was published on Saturday, Feb. 16. It +contained an extract from a political tract, entitled,—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"The true History of Betty Ireland, with some Account of her +Sister Blanche of Brittain. Printed for J. Robinson, at the Golden +Lion in Ludgate Street, MDCCLIII. (1753)."</p> +</blockquote> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="page247" id= "page247"></a></span> +In allusion to the English the following passage occurs,—</p> + +<blockquote> +<p>"But they forget, they are all so idle and debauched, such +gobbling and drinking rascals, and expensive in <i>blew-beer</i>," +&c.</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Query the unde derivatur of <i>blew-beer</i>, and if it is to be +taken in the same sense as the modern phrase of "blue ruin," and if +so, the cause of the change or history of both expressions?</p> +<p class="author">H.</p> +<p><i>Carpatio.</i>—I have lately met with a large aquatinted +engraving, bearing the following descriptive title: "Angliæ +Regis Legati inspiciuntur Sponsam petentes Filiam Dionati +Cornubiæ Regis pro Anglo Principe." The costume of the +figures is of the latter half of the fifteenth century. The +painter's name appears on a scroll, OP. VICTOR CARPATIO VENETI. The +copy of the picture for engraving was drawn by Giovanni de Pian, +and engraved by the same person and Francesco Gallimberti, at +Venice. I do not find the name of Carpatio in the ordinary +dictionaries of painters, and shall be glad to learn whether he has +here represented an historical event, or an incident of some +mediæval romance. I suspect the latter must be the case, as +<i>Cornubia</i> is the Latin word used for Cornwall, and I am not +aware of its having any other application. Is this print the only +one of the kind, or is it one of a set?</p> +<p class="author">J.G.N.</p> +<p><i>Value of Money in Reign of Charles II.</i>—Will any of +your correspondents inform me of the value of 1000<i>l.</i> circa +Charles II. in present money, and the mode in which the difference +is estimated?</p> +<p class="author">DION X.</p> +<p><i>Bishop Berkeley—Adventures of Gaudentio di +Lucca.</i>—I have a volume containing the adventures of +Signor Gaudentio di Lucca, with his examination before the +Inquisition of Bologna. In a bookseller's catalogue I have seen it +ascribed to Bishop Berkeley. Can any of your readers inform me who +was the author, or give me any particulars as to the book?</p> +<p class="author">IOTA.</p> +<p><i>Cupid and Psyche.</i>—Can any of your learned +correspondents inform me whether the fable of Cupid and Psyche was +invented by Apuleius; or whether he made use of a superstition then +current, turning it, as it suited his purpose, into the beautiful +fable which has been handed down to us as his composition?</p> +<p class="author">W.M.</p> +<p><i>Zünd-nadel Guns.</i>—In paper of September or +October last, I saw a letter dated Berlin, Sept. 11, which +commenced—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"We have had this morning a splendid military spectacle, and +being the first of the kind since the revolution, attracted immense +crowds to the scene of action."</p> +<p>"The Fusileer battalions (light infantry) were all armed with +the new zünd-nadel guns, the advantages and superiority of +which over the common percussion musket now admits of no +contradiction, with the sole exception of the facility of loading +being an inducement to fire somewhat too quick, when firing +independently, as in battle, or when acting en tirailleur. The +invincible pedantry and amour-propre of our armourers and +inspectors of arms in England, their disinclination to adopt +inventions not of English growth, and their slowness to avail +themselves of new models until they are no longer new, will, +undoubtedly, exercise the usual influence over giving this powerful +weapon even a chance in England. It is scarcely necessary to point +out the great advantages that these weapons, carrying, let us say, +800 yards with perfect accuracy, have over our muskets, of which +the range does not exceed 150, and that very uncertain. Another +great advantage of the zünd-nadel is, that rifles or light +infantry can load with ease without effort when lying flat on the +ground. The opponents of the zünd-nadel talk of over-rapid +firing and the impossibility of carrying sufficient ammunition to +supply the demands. This is certainly a drawback, but it is +compensated by the immense advantage of being able to pour in a +deadly fire when you yourself are out of range, or of continuing +this fire so speedily as to destroy half your opponents before they +can return a shot with a chance of taking effect."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>This was the first intimation I ever had of the zünd-nadel +guns. I should like to know when and by whom they were invented, +and their mechanism.</p> +<p class="author">JARLTZBERG.</p> +<p><i>Bacon Family, Origin of the Name.</i>—Among the able +notes, or the <i>not</i>-able Queries of a recent Number, (I regret +that I have it not at hand, for an exact quotation), a learned +correspondent mentioned, <i>en passant</i>, that the word +<i>bacon</i> had the obsolete signification of "<i>dried wood</i>." +As a patronymic, BACON has been not a little illustrious, in +literature, science, and art; and it would be interesting to know +whether the name has its origin in the crackling fagot or in the +cured flitch. Can any of your genealogical correspondents help me +to authority on the subject?</p> +<p>A modern motto of the Somersetshire Bacons has an ingenious +rebus:</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>ProBa-conSCIENTIA;</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>the capitals, thus placed, giving it the double reading, Proba +coniscientia, and Pro Bacon Scientia.</p> +<p class="author">NOCAB.</p> +<p><i>Armorials.</i>—Sable, a fesse or, in chief two fleurs +de lis or, in base a hind courant argent. E.D.B. will feel grateful +to any gentlemen who will kindly inform him of the name of the +family to which the above coat belonged. They were quartered by +Richard or Roger Barow, of Wynthorpe, in Lincolnshire (<i>Harl. +MS.</i> 1552. 42 <i>b</i>), who died in 1505.</p> +<p class="author">E.D.B.</p> +<p><i>Artephius, the Chemical Philosopher.</i>—What is known +of the chemical philosopher Artephius? He is mentioned in Jocker's +<i>Dictionary</i>, and by Roger Bacon (in the <i>Opus Majus</i> and +elsewhere), <span class="pagenum"><a name="page248" id= +"page248"></a></span> and a tract ascribed to him is printed +in the <i>Theatrum Chemicum</i>.</p> +<p class="author">E.</p> +<p><i>Sir Robert Howard.</i>—Can any reader assist me in +finding out the author of</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"A Discourse of the Nationall Excellencies of England. By R.H., +London. Printed by Thomas Newcomb for Henry Fletcher, at the Three +Gilt Cups in the New Buildings, near the west end of St. Paul's, +1658. 12 mo., pp. 248."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>This is a very remarkable work, written in an admirable style, +and wholly free from the coarse party spirit which then generally +prevailed. The writer declares, p. 235., he had not subscribed the +engagement, and there are internal evidences of his being a +churchman and a monarchist. Is there any proof of its having been +written by Sir Robert Howard? A former possessor of the copy now +before me, has written his name on the title-page as its +conjectured author. My copy of Sir Robert's <i>Poems</i>, published +two years after, was published not by <i>Fletcher</i>, but by +"Henry Herringman, at the sign of the Anchor, in the lower walk of +the New Exchange." John Dryden, Sir Robert's brother-in-law, in the +complimentary stanzas on Howard's poems, says,</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"To write worthy things of worthy men,</p> +<p>Is the peculiar talent of your pen."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>I would further inquire if a reason can be assigned for the +omission from Sir Robert Howard's collected plays of <i>The Blind +Lady</i>, the only dramatic piece given in the volume of poems of +1660. My copy is the third edition, published by Tonson, 1722.</p> +<p class="author">A.B.R.</p> +<p><i>Crozier and Pastoral Staff.</i>—What is the real +difference between a crozier and a pastoral staff?</p> +<p class="author">I.Z.P.</p> +<p><i>Marks of Cadency.</i>—The copious manner in which your +correspondent E.K. (Vol. ii., p. 221.) has answered the question as +to the "when and why" of the unicorn being introduced as one of the +supporters of the royal arms, induces me to think that he will +readily and satisfactorily respond to an heraldic inquiry of a +somewhat more intricate nature.</p> +<p>What were the peculiar marks of cadency used by the heirs to the +crown, apparent and presumptive, after the accession of the +Stuarts? For example, what were the changes, if any, upon the label +or file of difference used in the coat-armour of Henry, Prince of +Wales, eldest son of James I., and of his brother Charles, when +Prince of Wales, and so on, to the present time?</p> +<p><i>Miniature Gibbet, &c.</i>—A correspondent of the +<i>Times</i> newspaper has recently given the following account of +an occurrence which took place about twenty-five years ago, and the +concluding ceremony of which he personally witnessed:—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"A man had been condemned to be hung for murder. On the Sunday +morning previous to the sentence being carried into execution, he +contrived to commit suicide in the prison by cutting his throat +with a razor. On Monday morning, according to the then custom, his +body was brought out from Newgate in a cart; and after Jack Ketch +had exhibited to the people a small model gallows, with a razor +hanging therefrom, in the presence of the sheriffs and city +authorities, he was thrown into a hole dug for that purpose. A +stake was driven through his body, and a quantity of lime thrown in +over it."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Will any correspondent of "NOTES AND QUERIES" give a solution of +this extraordinary exhibition? Had the sheriffs and city +authorities any legal sanction for Jack Ketch's disgusting part in +the performances? What are the meaning and origin of driving a +stake through the body of a suicide?</p> +<p class="author">A.G.</p> +<p>Ecclesfield</p> +<hr class="full" /> +<h2>REPLIES</h2> +<h3>COLLAR OF SS.</h3> +<p>If you desire proof of the great utility of your publication, +methinks there is a goodly quantum of it in the very interesting +and valuable information on the Collar of SS., which the short +simple question of B. (Vol. ii., p. 89.) has drawn forth; all +tending to illustrate a mooted historical question:—first, in +the reply of [Greek: Phi.] (Vol. ii., p. 110.), giving reference to +the <i>Gentleman's Magazine</i>, with two <i>rider</i>-Queries; +then MR. NICHOLS'S announcement (Vol. ii., p. 140.) of a +forthcoming volume on the subject, and a reply in part to the Query +of [Greek: Phi.]; then (Vol. ii, p. 171.) MR. E. FOSS, as to the +<i>rank</i> of the legal worthies allowed to wear this badge of +honour; and next (Vol. ii., p. 194.) an ARMIGER, who, though he +rides rather high on the subject, over all the Querists and +Replyists, deserves many thanks for his very instructive and +scholarlike dissertation.</p> +<p>What the S. signifies has evidently been a puzzle. That a chain +is a badge of honour, there can be no doubt; but may not the +<i>Esses</i>, after all, mean nothing at all? originating in the +simple S. link, a form often used in chain-work, and under the name +of S. A series of such, linked together, would produce an elegant +design, which in the course of years would be wrought more like the +letter, and be embellished and varied according to the skill and +taste of the workman, and so, that which at first had no particular +meaning, and was merely accidental, would, after a time, be +<i>supposed</i> to be the <i>initial letters</i> of what is now +only guessed at, or be involved in heraldic mystery. As for [Greek: +Phi.]'s rider-Query (Vol ii., p. 110.), repeated by MR. FOSS (Vol. +ii., p. 171.), as to dates,—it may be one step towards a +reply if I here mention, that in Yatton Church, Somerset, there +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page249" id= +"page249"></a></span> is a beautifully wrought alabaster +monument, without inscription, but traditionally ascribed to judge +Newton, alias Cradock, and his wife Emma de Wyke. There can be no +doubt, from the costume, that the effigy is that of a judge, and +under his robes is visible the Collar of Esses. The monument is in +what is called the Wyke aisle or chapel. That it is Cradock's, is +confirmed by a garb or wheat-sheaf, on which his head is laid. (The +arms of Cradock are, Arg. on a chevron az. 3 <i>garbs</i> or.) +Besides, in the very interesting accounts of the churchwardens of +the parish, annis 1450-1, among the receipts there is this +entry:</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"It.: Recipim. de Dnà de Wyke p. man. T. Newton filii sui +de legato Dni. Riei. Newton ad —— p. campana ... +xx."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Richard Cradock was the first of his family who took the name of +Newton, and I have been informed that the last fine levied before +him was, Oct. Mart. 27 Hen. VI. (Nov. 1448), proving that the +canopied altar tomb in Bristol Cathedral, assigned to him, and +recording that he died 1444, must be an error. It is stated, that +the latter monument was defaced during the civil wars, and repaired +in 1747, which is, probably, all that is true of it. But this would +carry me into another subject, to which, perhaps, I may be allowed +to return some other day. However, we have got a date for the use +of the collar by the <i>chief</i> judges, <i>earlier</i> than that +assigned by MR. FOSS, and it is somewhat confirmatory of what he +tells us, that it was not worn by any of the <i>puisne</i> +order.</p> +<p class="author">H.T. ELLACOMBE.</p> +<p>Bitton, Aug. 1850.</p> +<hr /> +<p><i>The Livery Collar of SS.</i>—Though ARMIGER (Vol. ii., +p. 194.) has not adduced any facts on this subject that were +previously unknown to me, he has advanced some misstatements and +advocated some erroneous notions, which it may be desirable at once +to oppose and contradict; inasmuch as they are calculated to +envelope in fresh obscurity certain particulars, which it was the +object of my former researches to set forth in their true light. +And first, I beg to say that with respect to the "four +inaccuracies" with which he charges me, I do not plead guilty to +any of them. 1st. When B. asked the question, "Is there any list of +persons who were honoured with that badge?" it was evident that he +meant, Is there any list of the names of such persons, as of the +Knights of the Garter or the Bath? and I correctly answered, No: +for there still is no such list. The description of the classes of +persons who might use the collar in the 2 Hen. IV. is not such a +list as B. asked for. 2dly. Where I said "That persons were not +honoured with the badge, in the sense that persons are now +decorated with stars, crosses, or medals," I am again unrefuted by +the statute of 2 Hen. IV., and fully supported by many historical +facts. I repeat that the livery collar was not worn as a badge of +honour, but as a badge of feudal allegiance. It seems to have been +regarded as giving certain weight and authority to the wearer, and, +therefore, was only to be worn in the king's presence, or in coming +to and from the king's hostel, except by the higher ranks; and this +entirely confirms my view. Had it been a mere personal decoration, +like the collar of an order of knighthood, there would have been no +reason for such prohibition; but as it conveyed the impression that +the wearer was especially one of the king's immediate military or +household servants, and invested with certain power or influence on +that ground, therefore its assumption away from the neighbourhood +of the court was prohibited, except to individuals otherwise well +known from their personal rank and station. 3dly. When ARMIGER +declares I am wrong in saying "That the collar was <i>assumed</i>," +I have every reason to believe I am still right. I may admit that, +if it was literally a livery, it would be worn only by those to +whom the king gave it; but my present impression is, that it was +termed the king's livery, as being of the pattern which was +originally distributed by the king, or by the Duke of Lancaster his +father, to his immediate adherents, but which was afterwards +<i>assumed</i> by all who were anxious to assert their loyalty, or +distinguish their partizanship as true Lancastrians; so that the +statute of 2 Hen. IV. was rendered necessary to restrain its undue +and extravagant <i>assumption</i>, for sundry good political +reasons, some notion of which may be gathered by perusing the poem +on the deposition of Richard II. published by the Camden Society. +And 4thly, Where ARMIGER disputes my conclusion, that the assumers +were, so far as can be ascertained, those who were attached to the +royal household or service, it will be perceived, by what I have +already stated, that I still adhere to that conclusion. I do not, +therefore, admit that the statute of 2 Henry IV. shows me to be +incorrect in any one of those four particulars. ARMIGER next +proceeds to allude to Manlius Torquatus, who won and wore the +golden torc of a vanquished Gaul: but this story only goes to prove +that the collar of the Roman <i>torquati</i> originated in a +totally different way from the Lancastrian collar of livery. +ARMIGER goes on to enumerate the several derivations of the Collar +of Esses—from the initial letter of <i>Soverayne</i>, from +<i>St. Simplicius</i>, from <i>St. Crispin</i> and <i>St. +Crispinian</i>, the martyrs of Soissons, from the <i>Countess of +Salisbury</i>, from the word <i>Souvenez</i>, and lastly, from the +office of <i>Seneschalus</i>, or Steward of England, held by John +of Ghent,—which is, as he says, "Mr. Nichols's notion," but +the whole of which he stigmatises alike "as mere monkish or +heraldic gossip;" and, finally, he proceeds to unfold his own +recondite discovery, "viz. that it comes from the S-shaped lever +upon the bit <span class="pagenum"><a name="page250" id= +"page250"></a></span> of the bridle of the war steed,"—a +conjecture which will assuredly have fewer adherents than any one +of its predecessors. But now comes forth the disclosure of what +school of heraldry this ARMIGER is the champion. He is one who can +tell us of "many more rights and privileges than are dreamt of in +the philosophy either of the court of St. James's or the college of +St. Bennet's Hill!" In short, he is the mouthpiece of "the +Baronets' Committee for Privileges." And this is the law which he +lays down:—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"The persons now privileged to wear the ancient golden collar of +SS. are the <i>equites aurati</i>, or knights (chevaliers) in the +British monarchy, a body which includes all the hereditary order of +baronets in England, Scotland, and Ireland, with such of their +eldest sons, being of age, as choose to claim inauguration as +knights."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Here we have a full confession of a large part of the faith of +the Baronets' Committee,—a committee of which the greater +number of those who lent their names to it are probably by this +time heartily ashamed. It is the doctrine held forth in several +works on the Baronetage compiled by a person calling himself "Sir +Richard Broun," of whom we read in Dodd's <i>Baronetage</i>, that +"previous to succeeding his father, he demanded inauguration as a +knight, in the capacity of a baronet's eldest son; but the Lord +Chamberlain having refused to present him to the Queen for that +purpose, he assumed the title of 'Sir,' and the addition of 'Eques +Auratus,' in June, 1842." So we see that ARMIGER and the Lord +Chamberlain are at variance as to part of the law above cited; and +so, it might be added, have been other legal authorities, to the +privileges asserted by the mouthpiece of the said committee. But +that is a long story, on which I do not intend here to enter. I had +not forgotten that in one of the publications of Sir Richard Broun +the armorial coat of the premier baronet of each division is +represented encircled with a Collar of Esses; but I should never +have thought of alluding to this freak, except as an amusing +instance of fantastic assumption. I will now confine myself to what +has appeared in the pages of "NOTES AND QUERIES;" and, more +particularly, to the unfounded assertion of ARMIGER in p. 194., +"that the golden Collar of SS. was the undoubted badge or mark of a +knight, <i>eques auratus</i>;" which he follows up by the dictum +already quoted, that "the persons now privileged to wear the +ancient golden Collar of SS. are the <i>equites aurati</i>." I +believe it is generally admitted that knights were <i>equites +aurati</i> because they wore golden or gilt spurs; certainly it was +not because they wore golden collars, as ARMIGER seems to wish us +to believe; and the best proof that the Collar of Esses was not the +badge of a knight, as such, at the time when such collars were most +worn, in the fifteenth century, is this—that the monumental +effigies and sepulchral brasses of many knights at that time are +still extant which have no Collar of Esses; whilst the Collar of +Esses appears only on the figures of a limited number, who were +undoubtedly such as wished to profess their especial adherence to +the royal House of Lancaster.</p> +<p class="author">JOHN GOUGH NICHOLS.</p> + +<hr /> + +<h3>SIR GREGORY NORTON, BART.</h3> + +<h4>(Vol. ii., p. 216.)</h4> + +<p>The creation of the baronetcy of <i>Norton</i>, of Rotherfield, +in East Tysted, co. Hants, took place in the person of Sir Richard +Norton, of Rotherfield, Kt., 23d May, 1622, and <i>expired</i> with +him on his death without male issue in 1652.</p> +<p>The style of Baronet, in the case of <i>Sir Gregory Norton</i>, +the <i>regicide</i>, was an assumption not uncommon in those days; +as in the case of <i>Prettyman</i> of Lodington, and others.</p> +<p>The regicide in his will styles himself "Sir Richard Norton, of +Paul's, Covent Garden, in the county of Middlesex, Bart." It bears +date 12th March, 1651, and was proved by his relict, Dame Martha +Norton, 24th Sept., 1652. He states that his land at Penn, in the +county of Bucks, was <i>mortgaged</i>, and mentions his +"disobedient son, Henrie Norton;" and desires his burial-place may +be at Richmond, co. Surrey.</p> +<p>The descent of Gregory Norton is not known. There is no evidence +of his connexion with the Rotherfield or Southwick Nortons. His +assumption of the title was not under any claim he could have had, +real or imaginary, connected with the Rotherfield patent; for he +uses the title at the same time with Sir Richard of Rotherfield, +whose will is dated 26th July, 1652, and not proved till 5th Oct, +1652, when Sir Gregory was dead; and, what is singular, the will of +Sir Richard was proved by his brother, John Norton, by the style of +<i>Baronet</i>, to which he could have had no pretension, as Sir +Richard died without male issue, and there was no limitation of the +patent of 1622 on failure of heirs male of the body of the +grantee.</p> +<p class="author">G.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>SHAKSPEARE'S WORD "DELIGHTED."</h3> +<p>That the Shakspearian word <i>delighted</i> might, as far as its +form goes, mean "endowed with delight," "full of delight," I should +readily concede; but this meaning would suit neither the passage in +<i>Measure for Measure</i>,—"the delighted spirit,"—nor +(satisfactorily) that in <i>Othello</i>,—"delighted beauty." +Whether, therefore, <i>delighted</i> be derived from the Latin +<i>delectus</i> or not, I still believe that it means "refined," +"dainty," "delicate;" a sense which is curiously adapted to each of +the three places. This will not be questioned with respect to the +second and third passages cited by <span class="pagenum"><a name= +"page251" id="page251"></a></span> MR. HICKSON: and the +following citations will, I think, prove the point as effectually +for the passage of <i>Measure for Measure</i>:</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>1. "<i>Fine</i> apparition".—<i>Tempest</i>, Act i. sc. +2.</p> +</div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>2. "Spirit, <i>fine</i> spirit."—Ditto.</p> +</div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>3. "<i>Delicate</i> Ariel."—Ditto.</p> +</div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>4. "And, for thou wast a spirit too <i>delicate</i>,</p> +<p class="i4">To act her <i>earthy</i> and abhorred commands."</p> +<p class="i10">Ditto.</p> +</div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>5. "<i>Fine</i> Ariel."—Ditto.</p> +</div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>6. "My <i>delicate</i> Ariel."—Ditto. Act iv. sc. 1.</p> +</div> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>7. "Why that's my <i>dainty</i> Ariel."—Ditto. Act v.</p> +<p class="i4">sc. 1.</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>I do not know the precise nature of the "old authorities" which +MR. SINGER opposes to my conjecture: but may we not demur to the +conclusiveness of any "old authorities" on such a point? Etymology +seems to be one of the developing sciences, in which we know more, +and better, than our forefathers, as our descendants will know +more, and better, than we do.</p> +<p>To end with a brace of queries. Are not <i>delicioe</i>, +<i>delicatus</i>, more probably from <i>deligere</i> than from +<i>delicere</i>? And whence comes the word <i>dainty</i>? I cannot +believe in the derivation from <i>dens</i>, "a tooth."</p> +<p class="author">B.H. KENNEDY.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>AËROSTATION.</h3> +<p>Your correspondent C.B.M. (Vol. ii., p 199.) will find a long +article on <i>Aërostation</i> in Rees' +<i>Cyclopædia</i>; but his inquiry reminds me of a +conversation I had with the late Sir Anthony Carlisle, about a year +before his death. He wished to consult me on the subject of flying +by mechanical means, and that I should assist him in some of his +arrangements. He had devoted many years of his life to the +consideration of this subject, and made numerous experiments at +great cost, which induced him to believe in the possibility of +enabling man to fly by means of artificial wings. However visionary +this idea might be, he had collected innumerable and extremely +interesting data, having examined the anatomical structure of +almost every winged thing in the creation, and compared the weight +of the body with the area of the wings when expanded in the act of +volitation as well as the natural habits of birds, insects, bats, +and fishes, with reference to their powers of flying and duration +of flight.</p> +<p>These notes would form a valuable addition to natural history, +whatever might be thought of the purpose for which they were +collected, during a period of thirty years; and it is much to be +regretted they were never published. His own opinion was, that the +publication, during his life would injure his practice as a +physician. It would be impossible without the aid of diagrams, and +I do not remember sufficient, to explain his mechanical +contrivances; but the general principle was, to suspend the man +under a kind of flat parachute of extremely thin +<i>feather-edge</i> boards, with a power of adjusting the angle at +which it was placed, and allowing the man the full use of his arms +and legs to work any machinery placed beneath; the area of the +parachute being proportioned, as in birds to the weight of the man, +who was to start from the top of a high tower, or some elevated +position, flying against the wind.</p> +<p class="author">HENRY WILKINSON.</p> +<p>Brompton.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES.</h3> +<p><i>Long Lonkin</i> (Vol. ii., p. 168.).—If SELEUCUS will +refer to Mr. Chamber's <i>Collection of Scottish Ballads</i>, he +will find there the whole story under the name of Lammilsin, of +which Lonkin appears to me to be a corruption. In the 6th verse it +is rendered:</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"He said to his ladye fair,</p> +<p>Before he gaed abuird,</p> +<p>Beware, beware o, Lammilsin!</p> +<p>For he lyeth in the wudde."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>Then the story goes on to state that Lammilsin crept in at a +little shot window, and after some conversation with the "fause +nourrice" they decide to</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Stab the babe, and make it cry,</p> +<p>And that will bring her down."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>Which being done, they murder the unhappy lady. Shortly after, +Lord Weirie comes home, and has the "fause nourrice" burnt at the +stake. From the circumstance that the name of the husband of the +murdered lady was Weirie, it is conjectured that this tragedy took +place at Balwearie Castle, in Fife, and the old people about there +constantly affirm that it really occurred. I am not aware that +there exists any connection between the hero of this story and the +<i>nursery rhyme</i>; for, as I before stated, I think Lonkin a +corruption of Lammilsin.</p> +<p class="author">H.H.C.</p> +<p><i>Rowley Powley</i> (Vol. ii., p. 74.).—Andre Valladier, +who died about the middle of the sixteenth century, was a popular +preacher and the king's almoner. He gained great applause for his +funeral oration on Henry IV. In his sermon for the second Sunday in +Lent (Rouen, 1628), he says;—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Le paon est gentil et miste, bien que par la parfaite +beauté de sa houppe, par la rareté et noblesse de sa +teste, par la gentilesse et netteté de son cou, par +l'ornement de ses pennes et par la majesté de tout le reste +de son corps, il ravit tous ceux qui le contemplent attentivement; +toutefois au rencontre de sa femelle, pour l'attirer à son +amour, il déploye sa pompe, fait montrer et parade de son +plumage bizarré, et RIOLLÉ PIOLLÉ se presente +à elle avec piafe, et luy donne la plus belle visée +de sa roue. De mesme ce Dieu admirable, amoreux des hommes, pour +nous ravir d'amour à soy, desploye le lustre de ses plus +accomplies beautez, et comme un amant transporté de sa +bienaimée se <span class="pagenum"><a name="page252" id= +"page252"></a></span> montre pour nous allecher à +cetter transformation de nous en luy, de nostre misère en sa +gloire."—Ap. <i>Predicatoriuna</i> p. 132-3: Dijon, 1841.</p> +</blockquote> +<p class="author">H.B.C.</p> +<p><i>Guy's Armour</i> (Vol. ii., pp. 55. 187.).—With respect +to the armour said to have belonged to Guy, Earl of Warwick, your +correspondent NASO is referred to Grose's <i>Military +Antiquities</i>, vol. ii. pl. 42., where he will find an engraving +of a bascinet of the fourteenth century, much dilapidated, but +having still a fragment of the moveable vizor adhering to the pivot +on which it worked. Whether this interesting relic is still at +Warwick Castle or not, I cannot pretend to say, as I was +unfortunately prevented joining the British Archæological +Association at the Warwick congress in 1847, and have never visited +that part of the country; but the bascinet which was there in +Grose's time was at least of the date of Guido de Beauchamp, Earl +of Warwick, the builder of Guy's Tower, who died in 1315, and who +has always been confounded with the fabulous Guy: and if it has +disappeared, we have to regret the loss of the only specimen of an +English bascinet of that period that I am aware of in this +country.</p> +<p class="author">J.R. PLANCHÊ</p> +<p><i>Alarm</i> (Vol. ii., pp. 151. 183.).—The origin of this +word appears to be the Italian cry, <i>all'arme; gridare +all'arme</i> is to give the alarm. Hence the French <i>alarme</i>, +and from the French is borrowed the English word. <i>Alarum</i> for +<i>alarm</i>, is merely a corruption produced by mispronunciation. +The letters <i>l</i> and <i>r</i> before <i>m</i> are difficult to +pronounce; and they are in general, according to the refined +standard of our pronunciation, so far softened as only to lengthen +the preceding vowel. In provincial pronunciation, however, the +force of the former letter is often preserved, and the +pronunciation is facilitated by the insertion of a vowel before the +final <i>m</i>. The Irish, in particular, adopt this mode of +pronouncing; even in public speaking they say <i>callum</i>, +<i>firrum</i>, <i>farrum</i>, for <i>calm</i>, <i>firm</i>, +<i>farm</i>. The old word <i>chrisom</i> for <i>chrism</i>, is an +analogous change: the Italians have in like manner lengthened +<i>chrisma</i> into <i>cresima</i>; the French have softened it +into <i>chrême</i>.</p> +<p class="author">L.</p> +<p><i>Alarm.</i>—It is in favour of the derivation +<i>à l'arme</i> that the Italian is <i>allarme</i>; some +dictionaries even have <i>dare all'arme</i>, with the apostrophe, +for to give alarm. It is against it that the German word +<i>Lärm</i> is used precisely as the English <i>alarm</i>. +Your correspondent CH. thinks the French derivation suspiciously +ingenious: here I must differ; I think it suspiciously obvious. I +will give him a suggestion which I think really suspiciously +ingenious: in fact, had not the opportunity occurred for +illustrating ingenuity, I should not have ventured it. May it not +be that <i>alarme</i> and <i>allarme</i> is formed in the obvious +way, as <i>to arms</i>; while <i>alarum</i> and <i>Lärm</i> +wholly unconnected with them? May it not sometimes happen that, by +coincidence, the same sounds and meanings go together in different +languages without community of origin? Is it not possible that +<i>larum</i> and <i>Lärm</i> are imitations of the stroke and +subsequent resonance of a large bell? Denoting the continued sound +of <i>m</i> by <i>m-m-m</i>, I think that +<i>lrm-m-m-lrm-m-m-lrm-m-m</i> &c., is as good an imitation of +a large bell at some distance as letters can make. And in the old +English use of the word, the alarum refers more often to a bell +than to any thing else.</p> +<p>The introduction of the military word into English can be +traced, as to time, with a certain probability. In 1579, Thomas +Digges published his <i>Arithmeticall Militare Treatise named +Stratioticos</i>, which he informs us is mainly the writing of his +father, Leonard Digges. At page 170. the father seems to finish +with "and so I mean to finishe this treatise:" while the son, as we +must suppose, adds p. 171. and what follows. In the father's part +the word <i>alarm</i> is not mentioned, that I can find. If it +occurred anywhere, it would be in describing the duties of the +<i>scout-master</i>; but here we have nothing but <i>warning</i> +and <i>surprise</i>, never <i>alarm</i>. But in the son's appendix, +the word <i>alarme</i> does occur twice in one page (173.). It also +occurs in the body of the <i>second</i> edition of the book, when +of course it is the son who inserts it. We may say then, that, in +all probability, the military technical term was introduced in the +third quarter of the sixteenth century. This, I suspect, is too +late to allow us to suppose that the vernacular force which +Shakspeare takes it to have, could have been gained for it by the +time he wrote.</p> +<p>The second edition was published in 1590; about this time the +spelling of the English language made a very rapid approach to its +present form. This is seen to a remarkable extent in the two +editions of the <i>Stratioticos</i>; in the first, the commanding +officer of a regiment is always <i>corronel</i>, in the second +<i>collonel</i>. But the most striking instance I now remember, is +the following. In the first edition of Robert Recorde's <i>Castle +of Knowledge</i> (1556) occurs the following tetrastich:—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"If reasons reache transcende the skye,</p> +<p>Why shoulde it then to earthe be bounde?</p> +<p>The witte is wronged and leadde awrye,</p> +<p>If mynde be maried to the grounde."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>In the second edition (1596) the above is spelt as we should now +do it, except in having <i>skie</i> and <i>awrie</i>.</p> +<p class="author">M.</p> +<p><i>Prelates of France</i> (Vol. ii., p. 182.).—In answer +to a Minor Query of P.C.S.S., I can inform him that I have in my +possession, if it be of any use to him, a manuscript entitled +<i>Tableau de l'Ordre religieux en France, avant et depuis l'Edit +de 1768</i>, <span class="pagenum"><a name="page253" id= +"page253"></a></span> containing the houses, number of +religions, and revenues, and the several dioceses in which they +were to be found.</p> +<p class="author">M.</p> +<p>Midgham House, Newbury, Berks.</p> +<p><i>Haberdasher</i> (Vol. ii., p. 167.).—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Haberdasher, a retailer of goods, a dealer in small wares; T. +<i>haubvertauscher</i>, from <i>haab</i>; B. <i>have</i>; It. +<i>haveri</i>, <i>haberi</i>, goods, wares; and <i>tauscher</i>, +<i>vertauscher</i>, a dealer, an exchanger; G. <i>tuiskar</i>; D. +<i>tusker</i>; B. <i>tuischer</i>."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>This derivation of the term <i>haberdasher</i> is from +<i>Thomson's Etymons</i>, and seems to be satisfactory.</p> +<p><i>Haberdascher</i> was the name of a trade at least as early as +the reign of Edward III.; but it is not easy to decide what was the +sort of trade or business then carried on under that name. Any +elucidation of that point would be very acceptable.</p> +<p class="author">D.</p> +<p>"<i>Rapido contrarius orbi</i>" (Vol. ii., p. 120.).—No +answer having appeared to the inquiry of N.B., it may be stated +that, in Hartshorne's <i>Book-Rarities of Cambridge</i>, mention is +made of a painting, in Emanuel College, of "Abp. Sancroft, sitting +at a writing-table with arms, and motto, <i>Rapido contrarius +orbi</i>. P.P. Lens, F.L."</p> +<p>Brayley, in his <i>Concise Account of Lambeth Palace</i>, +describes a portrait, in the vestry, of "A young man in a clerical +habit, or rather that of a student, with a motto beneath, 'Rapido +contrarium orbo'" (whether the motto, as thus given, is the +printer's or the painter's error does not appear), "supposed to be +Abp. Sancroft when young.—Date 1650."</p> +<p class="author">G.A.S.</p> +<p><i>Robertson of Muirtown</i> (Vol. ii., p. 135.).—C.R.M. +will find a pedigree of the family of Robertson of <i>Muirton</i> +in a small duodecimo entitled:</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"The History and Martial Atchievements of the Robertsons of +Strowan. Edinburgh: printed for and by Alex. Robertson in +<i>Morison's</i> Close; where Subscribers may call for their +copies."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>The date of publication is not given; I think, however, it must +have been printed soon after 1st January 1771, which is the latest +date in the body of the work.</p> +<p>The greater portion of the volume is occupied with the poems of +Alexander Robertson of Strowan who died in 1749.</p> +<p class="author">A.R.X.</p> +<p>Paisley.</p> +<p>"<i>Noli me tangere</i>" (Vol. ii., p. 153.)—The following +list of some of the painters of this subject may assist +B.R.:—</p> +<p><i>Timoteo delle Vite</i>—for St. Angelo at Cogli.</p> +<p><i>Titian</i>—formerly in the Orleans collection, and +engraved by N. Tardieu, in the Crozat Gallery.</p> +<p><i>Ippolito Scarsella</i> (Lo Scarsellino)—for St. Nicolo +Ferrara.</p> +<p><i>Cristoforo Roncalli</i> (Il Cav. delle Pomarance)—for +the Eremitani at St. Severino.</p> +<p><i>Lucio Massari</i>—for the Celestini, Bologna.</p> +<p><i>Francesco Boni</i> (Il Gobbino)—for the Dominicani, +Faenza.</p> +<p class="author">I.Z.P.</p> +<p><i>Clergy sold for Slaves</i> (Vol. ii., p. 51.),—MR. +SANSOM will find in the <i>Cromwellian Diary of Thomas Burton</i>, +iv. 255. 273. 301-305., ample material for an answer to his +question respecting the sale of any of the loyal party for slaves +during the rebellion.</p> +<p>There is no evidence of any <i>clergymen</i> having been sold as +slaves to Algiers or Barbadoes. Drs. Beale, Martin, and Sterne, +heads of colleges, were threatened with this outrage (see +<i>Querela Cantabrigiensis</i> appended to the <i>Mercurius +Rusticus</i> p. 184). In the life of Dr. John Barwick, one of the +authors of the <i>Querela</i> (in the Eng. transl. p. 42.), the +story is thus told:</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"The rebels at that time threatened some of their greatest men +and most learned heads (such as Dr William Beale, Dr. Edward +Martin, and Dr. Richard Sterne) transportation into the isles of +America, or even to the barbarian Turks: for these great men, and +several other very eminent divines, were kept close prisoners in a +ship on the Thames, under the hatches, almost killed with stench, +hunger, and watching; and treated by the senseless mariners with +more insolence than if they had been the vilest slaves, or had been +confined there for some infamous robbery or murder. Nay, one Rigby, +a scoundrel of the very dregs of the parliament rebels, did at that +time expose these venerable persons to sale, and <i>would actually +have sold them for slaves, if any one would have bought +them</i>."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>In a note, it is added that Rigby moved twice in the Long +Parliament,</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"That those lords and gentlemen who were prisoners, should be +sold as slaves to Argiere, or sent to the new plantations in the +West Indies, because he had contracted with two merchants for that +purpose."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>Col. Rigby, so justly denounced by Barwick, sat in the Long +Parliament for the borough of Wigan, and in the Parliarment of +1658-9 represented Lancashire. He was a native of Preston, was bred +to the law, and held a colonel's rank in the parliamentary army. He +was one of the committee of sequestrators for Lancashire, served at +the siege of Latham House, and in 1649 was created Baron of the +Exchequer, but was superseded by Cromwell.</p> +<p>Calamy, the historian and chaplain of the Nonconformists, +treated Walker's statement quoted by MR. SANSOM as a fiction, and +advised him to expunge the passage. See his <i>Church and +Dissenters compared as to Persecution</i>, 1719, pp. 40, 41.</p> +<p class="author">A.B.R.</p> +<p><i>North Side of Churchyards</i> (Vol. ii., pp. 55. +189).—One of your writers has recently endeavoured to explain +the popular dislike to burial on the north side of the church, by +reference to the place of the churchyard cross, the sunniness, and +the greater resort of the people to the south. <span class= +"pagenum"><a name="page254" id="page254"></a></span> These are +not only meagre reasons, but they are incorrect.</p> +<p>The doctrine of regions was coeval with the death of Our Lord. +The east was the realm of the oracles; the especial Throne of God. +The west was the domain of the people; the Galilee of all nations +was there. The south, the land of the mid-day, was sacred to things +heavenly and divine. The north was the devoted region of Satan and +his hosts; the lair of demons, and their haunt. In some of our +ancient churches, over against the font, and in the northern walls, +there was a devil's door.</p> +<p>It was thrown open at every baptism for the escape of the fiend, +and at all other seasons carefully closed. Hence came the old +dislike to sepulture at the north.</p> +<p class="author">R.S. HAWKER.</p> +<p>Morwenstow, Cornwall.</p> +<p><i>Sir John Perrot</i> (Vol. ii., p. 217.).—This Query +surprises me. Sir John Perrot was not governor of Ireland <i>in the +reign of Henry VIII.</i>, and your correspondent E.N.W. is mistaken +in his belief that Sir John was <i>beheaded</i> in the reign of +Elizabeth. He was convicted of treason 16th June, 1592, and died in +the Tower in September following. In the <i>British Plutarch</i>, +3rd edit., 1791, vol. i. p. 121., is <i>The Life of Sir John +Perrot</i>. The authorities given are Cox's <i>History of Ireland; +Life of Sir John Perrot</i>, 8vo., 1728; <i>Biographia +Britannica</i>; Salmon's <i>Chronological History</i>; to which I +may add the following references:—</p> +<p>Howell's <i>State Trials</i>, i. 1315; Camden's <i>Annals</i>; +Naunton's <i>Fragmenta Regalia</i>; Lloyd's <i>State Worthies</i>; +Nash's <i>Worcestershire</i>; Strype's <i>Ecclesiastical +Memorials</i>, iii. 297.; Strype's <i>Annals</i>, iii. 337, +398-404.; <i>Stradling Letters</i>, 48-50.; Nare's <i>Life of Lord +Burghley</i>, iii. 407.; <i>Fourth Report of Deputy Keeper of +Public Records</i>, Appendix, ii. 281. Dean Swift, in his +<i>Introduction to Polite Conversation</i>, says,—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"Sir John Perrot was the first man of quality whom I find upon +the record to have sworn by <i>God's wounds</i>. He lived in the +reign of Queen Elizabeth, and was supposed to be a natural son of +Henry VIII., who might also have been his instructor."</p> +</blockquote> +<p class="author">C.H. COOPER</p> +<p>Cambridge, August 31. 1850.</p> +<p><i>Coins of Constantius II.</i>—The coins of this prince +are, from their titles being identical with those of his cousin, +very difficult to be distinguished. <i>My</i> only guide is the +portrait. Gallus died at twenty-nine; and we may suppose that his +coins would present a more youthful portrait than Constantius II. +The face of Constantius is long and thin, and is distinguished by +the royal diadem. The youthful head resembling Constantius the +Great with the laurel crown, <i>Rev</i>. Two military figures +standing, with spears and bucklers, between them two standards, +<i>Ex.</i> S M N B., I have arranged in my cabinet, how far rightly +I know not, as that of Gallus.</p> +<p class="author">E.S.T.</p> +<p>"<i>She ne'er with treacherous Kiss</i>" (Vol. ii., p. +136.).—C.A.H. will find the lines,—</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"She ne'er with trait'rous kiss," &c.</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>in a poem named "Woman," 2nd ed. p. 34., by Eaton Stannard +Barrett, Esq., published in 1818, by Henry Colburn, Conduit +street.</p> +<p class="author">E.D.B.</p> +<p><i>California</i> (Vol. ii, p. 132.).—Your correspondent +E.N.W. will find earlier anticipations of "the golden harvest now +gathering in California," in vol. iii. of <i>Hakluyt's Voyages</i>, +p. 440-442, where an account is given of Sir F. Drake's taking +possession of Nova Albion.</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"There is no part of earth here to bee taken up, wherein there +is not speciall likelihood of gold or silver."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>In Callendar's <i>Voyages</i>, vol. i. p. 303., and other +collections containing Sir F. Drake's voyage to Magellanica, there +is the same notice. The earth of the country seemed to promise very +rich veins of gold and silver, there being hardly any digging +without throwing up some of the ores of them.</p> +<p class="author">T.J.</p> +<p><i>Bishops and their Precedence</i> (Vol. ii., pp. 9. +76.)—The precedence of bishops is regulated by the act of 31 +Hen. VIII. c. 10., "for placing of the Lords." Bishops are, in +fact, temporal barons, and, as stated in Stephen's +<i>Blackstone</i>, vol. iii. pp. 5, 6., sit in the House of Peers +in right of succession to certain ancient baronies annexed, or +supposed to be annexed, to their episcopal lands; and as they have +in addition high spiritual rank, it is but right they should have +place before those who, in temporal rank only, are equal to them. +This is, in effect, the meaning of the reason given by Coke in part +iii. of the Institutes, p. 361. ed. 1670, where, after noticing the +precedence amongst the bishops themselves, namely, 1. The Bishop of +London, 2. The Bishop of Durham, 3. The Bishop of Winchester, he +observes:</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"But the other bishops have place above all the barons of the +realm, because they hold their bishopricks of the king per +baroniam; but they give place to viscounts, earls, marquesses, and +dukes."</p> +</blockquote> +<p class="author">ARUN.</p> +<p><i>Elizabeth and Isabel</i> (Vol. i., pp. 439. 488.).—The +title of Ælius Antonius Nebressengis's history is, <i>Rerum a +Fernando et Elisabe Hispaniaram fælicissimis regibus gestarum +Decades duæ</i>.</p> +<p class="author">J.B.</p> +<p><i>Dr. Thomas Bever's Legal Polity of Great Britain</i> (Vol. +i., p. 483.).—Is J.R. aware that the principal part of the +parish of Mortimer, near Reading, as well as the manorial rights, +belongs to a Richard Benyon de Beauvoir, Esq., residing not very +far from that spot, at Englefield House, about five miles on the +Newbury Road from Reading. <span class="pagenum"><a name="page255" id="page255"></a></span> +This gentleman, whose original name +was Powlett Wright, took the name of De Beauvoir a few years back, +as I understand, from succeeding to the property of his relative, a +Mr. Beevor or Bever. This gentleman may, perhaps, be enabled to +throw some light upon the family of Dr. Bever.</p> +<p class="author">WP.</p> +<p><i>Eikon Basilike</i> (Vol. ii., p. 134.).—I would suggest +to A.C. that the circumstance of his copy of this work bearing on +its cover "C.R.," surmounted by a crown, may not be indicative of +its having been in the possession of royalty. It may have been, +perhaps, not unusual to occasionally so distinguish words of this +description published in or about that year (1660). I have a small +volume entitled—</p> +<blockquote> +<p>"The History of His Sacred Majesty Charles II. Begun from the +Murder of his royal father of Happy Memory, and continued to this +present year, 1660, by a person of quality. Printed for <i>James +Davies</i>, and are to be sold at the <i>Turk's Head in Ioy</i> +Lane, and at the <i>Greyhound</i> in <i>St. Paul's</i> Church Yard, +1660."</p> +</blockquote> +<p>This volume is stamped in gold on both covers with C.R., +surmounted by a crown.</p> +<p class="author">E.B. PRICE.</p> +<p><i>Earl of Oxford's Patent</i> (Vol. ii., PP. 194. +235.).—LORD BRAYBROOKE no doubt knows, that the preamble to +the patent was written by Dean Swift. (See <i>Journal to +Stella</i>.) I would add, in reply to O.P.Q., that there is no +doubt that <i>assassin</i> and <i>assassinate</i> are properly used +even when death does not ensue. Not so <i>murder</i> and +<i>murderer</i>, which are strict terms of <i>law</i> to which +<i>death</i> is indispensable.</p> +<p class="author">C.</p> +<p><i>Cave's Historia Litteraria</i> (Vol. ii., p. +230.).—Part I. appeared at London, 1688. An Appendix, by +Wharton, followed, 1689. These were reprinted, Geneva, 1693. Part +II., Lond., 1698; repr. Genev., 1699. The whole was reprinted, +Genev., 1708 and 1720. After the author's death a new and improved +edition appeared, Oxon., 1740-43; rep. Basil, 1741-45. I give the +date 1708, not 1705, to the second Geneva impression, on the +authority of Walch.</p> +<p class="author">J.E.B. MAYOR.</p> +<hr class="full" /> +<h2>MISCELLANEOUS.</h2> +<h3>NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC.</h3> +<p>Collections of Wills have always been regarded, and very justly +so, as among the most valuable materials which exist for +illustrating the social condition of the people at the period to +which they belong. Executed, as they must be, at moments the most +solemn displaying, as we cannot but believe they do, the real +feelings which actuate the testators; and having for their object +the distribution of existing property, and that of every possible +variety of description, it is obvious that they alike call for +investigation, and are calculated to repay any labour that may be +bestowed upon them. It is therefore, perhaps, somewhat matter of +surprise that the Camden Society should not hitherto have printed +any of this interesting class of documents; and that only in the +twelfth year of its existence it should have given to its members +the very interesting volume of <i>Wills and Inventories from the +Registers of the Commissary of Bury St. Edmunds and the Archdeacon +of Sudbury</i>, which has been edited for the Society by Mr. Tymms, +the active and intelligent Treasurer and Secretary of the Bury and +West Suffolk Archæological Institute. The selection contains +upwards of fifty Wills, dated between 1370 and 1649, and the +documents are illustrated by a number of brief but very instructive +notes; and as the volume is rendered more useful by a series of +very complete indices, we have no doubt it will be as satisfactory +to the members as it is creditable to its editor. Mr. Tymms +acknowledges his obligations to Mr. Way and Mr. J. Gough Nicols: we +are sure the Camden Society would be under still greater +obligations to those gentlemen if they could be persuaded to +undertake the production of the series of Lambeth Wills which was +to have been edited by the late Mr. Stapleton, with Mr. Way's +assistance.</p> +<p>When the proprietors of the <i>Gentleman's Magazine</i> at the +commencement of the present year announced their projected +improvements in that periodical, we expressed our confidence that +they would really and earnestly put forth fresh claims to the +favour of the public. Our anticipations have been fully realised. +Each succeeding number has shown increased energy and talent in the +"discovery and establishment of historical truth in all its +branches," and that the conductors of this valuable periodical, the +only "Historical Review" in the country, continue to pursue these +great objects faithfully and honestly, as in times past, but more +diligently and more undividedly. No student of English history can +now dispense with, no library which places historical works upon +its shelves can now be complete without <i>The Gentleman's Magazine +and Historical Review</i>.</p> +<p>We have received the following Catalogues:—G. Willis's +(Great Piazza, Covent Garden) Catalogue No. 41. New Series of +Second-hand Books, Ancient and Modern; W.S. Lincoln's (Cheltenham +House, Westminster Road) Sixtieth (catalogue of Cheap Second-hand +English and Foreign Books); C. Hamilton's (4. Budge Place, City +Road) Catalogue No. 41. of an important Collection of the Cheapest +Tracts, Books, Autographs, Manuscripts, Original Drawings, &c. +ever offered for sale.</p> +<hr /> +<h3>NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS.</h3> +<p>MARTENS OR MERTENS THE PRINTER. <i>Will D.L. kindly furnish us +with a copy of the Note alluded to in his valuable communication +in</i> No. 42.?</p> +<p>JUNIUS IDENTIFIED. MR. TAYLOR'S <i>Letter on his authorship of +this volume is unavoidably postponed until next week</i>.</p> +<p>M., <i>who writes on the subject of</i> Mr. Thomas's Account of +the State Paper Office, <i>will be glad to hear that a Calendar of +the documents contained in that department is in the press</i>.</p> + +<hr class="adverts" /> + +<p> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="page256" id= "page256"></a></span> +SECOND PART OF MR. ARNOLD'S GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION.</p> +<p>Now Ready, in 8vo., price 6<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> +<p>A PRACTICAL INTRODUCTION TO GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. Part +Second. (On the PARTICLES.) In this Part the Passages for +Translation are of considerable length.</p> +<p>By the Rev. THOMAS KERCHEVER ARNOLD, M.A. Rector of Lyndon, and +late Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge.</p> +<p>RIVINGTON, St. Paul's Church Yard, and Waterloo Place.</p> +<hr /> +<p>Of whom may be had, by the same Author,</p> +<p>1. The SEVENTH EDITION of the FIRST PART. In 8vo. 6<i>s.</i> +6<i>d.</i></p> +<p>2. A PRACTICAL INTRODUCTION to GREEK ACCIDENCE. Fourth Edition. +8vo. 5<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p> +<p>3. A PRACTICAL INTRODUCTION to GREEK CONSTRUING. 6<i>s.</i> +6<i>d.</i></p> +<p>4. The FIRST GREEK BOOK; upon the plan of HENRY'S FIRST LATIN +BOOK. 5<i>s.</i> (The SECOND GREEK BOOK is in the Press.)</p> +<hr /> +<p>ARCHÆOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND.</p> +<p>The Central Committee of the Institute have considered a +Resolution, passed at a recent meeting of the British +Archæological Association at Manchester, August 24th, in +reference to the expediency of promoting a union between the +Association and the Institute. The Committee desire to give this +public notice, that they are ready, as they have always been, to +admit members of the Association desirous of joining the Institute. +They have determined accordingly, that, in order to offer +reasonable encouragement to the members of the Association, they +shall henceforth be eligible without the payment of the customary +entrance fee, on the intimation of their wish to the Committee to +be proposed for election. Life-members of the Association shall be +eligible as life-members on payment of half the usual composition. +All members of the Association thus elected shall likewise have the +privilege of acquiring the previous publications of the Institute +at the price to original subscribers.</p> +<blockquote> +<p>Apartments of the Institute, 26. Suffolk Street, Pall Mall, +Sept. 9, 1850. By order of the Central Committee, H. BOWYER LANE, +<i>Secretary.</i></p> +</blockquote> +<hr /> +<p>HANDBOOKS FOR THE CLASSICAL STUDENT (WITH QUESTIONS). under the +General Superintendence and Editorship of the Rev. T.K. ARNOLD.</p> +<p>I. HANDBOOKS of HISTORY and GEOGRAPHY. From the German of +PÜTZ. Translated by the Rev. R.B. PAUL.</p> +<p>1. Ancient History, 6<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>: 2. Mediæval +History, 4<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; 3. Modern History, 5<i>s.</i>, +6<i>d.</i> These works have been already translated into the +Swedish and Dutch languages.</p> +<p>II. The ATHENIAN STAGE. From the German of WITZSCHEL. Translated +by the Rev. R.B. PAUL. 4<i>s.</i></p> +<p>III. HANDBOOK of GRECIAN ANTIQUITIES. 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> +HANDBOOK of ROMAN ANTIQUITIES. 3<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> From the +Swedish of BOJESEN. Translated from Dr. HOFFA'S German version by +the Rev. R.B. PAUL.</p> +<p>IV. HANDBOOKS of SYNONYMES: 1. Greek Synonymes. From the French +of PILLON. 6<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> 2. Latin Synonymes. From the +German of DÖDERLEIN 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> Translated by the +Rev. H.H. ARNOLD.</p> +<p>V. HANDBOOKS of VOCABULARY, 1. Green (in the press). 2. Latin. +3. French (nearly ready). 4. German (nearly ready).</p> +<p>RIVINGTON'S, St. Paul's Church Yard, and Waterloo Place.</p> +<hr /> +<p>Just Published, price 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> THE TIPPETS OF THE +CANONS ECCLESIASTICAL. With illustrative Woodcuts, by G.J. +FRENCH.</p> +<p>Also, by the same author, price 6<i>d.</i> HINTS ON THE +ARRANGEMENTS OF COLOURS IN ANCIENT DECORATIVE ART. With some +observations on the Theory of Complementary Colours.</p> +<p>GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.</p> +<hr /> +<p>Illustrated with numerous Woodcuts, 8vo, 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> +THE PRIMEVAL ANTIQUITIES OF DENMARK. By J.J.A. WORSAAE, M.R.S.A., +of Copenhagen.</p> +<p>Translated and applied to the Illustration of similar Remains in +England; by WILLIAM J. THOMS, Esq., F.S.A., Secretary of the Camden +Society.</p> +<p>JOHN HENRY PARKER, Oxford, and 337. Strand, London.</p> +<hr /> +<p>In a few days, in 8vo., AN EXAMINATION OF THE CENTURY QUESTION: +to which is added, A Letter to the Author of "Outlines of +Astronomy," respecting a certain peculiarity of the Gregorian +System of Bissextile compensation.</p> +<div class="poem"> +<div class="stanza"> +<p>"Judicio perpende: et si tibi vera videntur,</p> +<p>DEDE MANUS."</p> +</div> +</div> +<p>GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.</p> +<hr /> +<p>Second Edition, with Illustrations, 12mos., 3<i>s.</i> +cloth.</p> +<p>THE BELL: its Origin, History, and Uses. By the Rev. ALFRED +GATTY, Vicar of Ecclesfield.</p> +<p>"A new and revised edition of a very varied, learned, and +amusing essay on the subject of bells."—<i>Spectator.</i></p> +<p>GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.</p> +<hr /> +<p>Just Published, Octavo Edition, plain, 15<i>s.</i>; Quarto +Edition, having the Plates of the Tesselated Pavements all +coloured, 1<i>l.</i> 5<i>s.</i></p> +<p>REMAINS of ROMAN ART in Cirencester, the Site of Ancient +Corinium: containing Plates by De la Motte, of the magnificent +Tesselated Pavements discovered in August and September, 1849, with +copies of the grand Heads of Ceres, Flora, and Pomona; reduced by +the Talbotype from facsimile tracings of the original; together +with various other plates and numerous wood engravings.</p> +<p>In the Quarto edition the folding of the plates necessary for +the smaller volume is avoided.</p> +<p>"The recent discoveries made at Cirencester have been the means +of enlisting in the cause of archælogy two intelligent and +energetic associates, to whose exertions we are mainly indebted for +the preservation of the interesting remains brought to light, and +our obligations are increased by the able manner in which they have +described and illustrated them in the volume now under notice.</p> +<p>"These heads" (Ceres, Flora, and Pomona) are of a high order of +art, and Mr. De la Motte, by means of the Talbotype, has so +successfully reduced them that the engravings are perfect +facsimiles of the originals. They are, perhaps, the best of the +kind, every tessella apparently being represented.</p> +<p>"Our authors have very advantageously brought to their task a +knowledge of geology and chemistry, and the important aid which an +application of these sciences confers on archæology is +strikingly shown in the chapter on the materials of the tesselle, +which also includes a valuable report by Dr. VOELCKER, on an +analysis of ruby glass, which formed part of the composition of one +of the Cirencester pavements. This portion of the volume is too +elaborate and circumstantial for any justice to be done to it in an +extract."—<i>Gentleman's Mag., Sept.</i></p> +<p>London: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.</p> +<hr /> +<p>Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, in +the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London; and published by +GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish of St. Dunstan +in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet +Street aforesaid.—Saturday, September 14. 1850. +</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<div>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 13462 ***</div> +</body> +</html> |