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diff --git a/13462-0.txt b/13462-0.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1fbe471 --- /dev/null +++ b/13462-0.txt @@ -0,0 +1,1983 @@ +*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 13462 *** + +NOTES AND QUERIES: + +A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, +GENEALOGISTS, ETC. + + * * * * * + +"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE. + + * * * * * + +No. 46.] SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, 1850 [Price Threepence. Stamped Edition +4d. + + * * * * * {241} + + +CONTENTS. + +NOTES:--Page +The Meaning of "Risell" in Hamlet, by S.W. Singer. 241 +Authors of the Rolliad. 242 +Notes and Queries. 242 +The Body of James II., by Pitman Jones. 243 +Folk Lore:--Legend of Sir Richard Baker--Prophetic + Spring at Langley, Kent. 244 +Minor Notes:--Poem by Malherbe--Travels of Two + English Pilgrims. 245 + +QUERIES:-- +Quotations in Bishop Andrewes, by Rev. James Bliss. 245 +Minor Queries:--Spider and Fly--Lexicon of Types--Montaigue's + Select Essays--Custom of wearing the Breast uncovered--Milton's + Lycidas--Sitting during the Lessons--Blew-Beer--Carpatio--Value of + Money--Bishop Berkeley, and Adventures of Gaudeatio + di Lucca--Cupid and Psyche--Zund-nadel Guns--Bacon + Family--Armorials--Artephius--Sir Robert Howard--Crozier + and Pastoral Staff--Marks of Cadency--Miniature Gibbet. 245 + +REPLIES:-- +Collar of S.S. by Rev. H.T. Ellacombe and J. Gough + Nichols. 248 +Sir Gregory Norton. 250 +Shakspeare's Word "Delighted," by Rev. Dr. Kennedy. 250 +Aerostation, by Henry Wilkinson. 251 +Replies to Minor Queries:--Long Lonkin--Rowley + Powley--Guy's Armour--Alarm--Prelates of + France--Haberdasher--"Rapido contrarius orbi"--Robertson + of Muirtown--"Noli me tangere"--Clergy sold + for Slaves--North Side of Churchyards--Sir John + Perrot--Coins of Constantius II.--She ne'er with + treacherous Kiss--California--Bishops and their + Precedence--Elizabeth and Isabel--Bever's Legal + Polity--Rikon Basilike, &c. 251 + +MISCELLANEOUS:-- +Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &c. 255 +Notices to Correspondents. 255 +Advertisements. 256 + + * * * * * + + +NOTES. + +THE MEANING OF "DRINK UP EISELL" IN HAMLET. + +Few passages have been more discussed than this wild challenge of Hamlet +to Laertes at the grave of Ophelia: + + "Ham. I lov'd Ophelia! forty thousand brothers + Could not, with all their quantity of love, + Make up my sum. What wilt thou do for her? + + --Zounds! show me what thou'lt do? + Woo't weep? Woo't fight? Woo't fast? Woo't tear + thyself? + + _Woo't drink up Eisell?_ eat a crocodile? + + I'll do't". + +The sum of what has been said may be given in the words of Archdeacon +Nares: + + "There is no doubt that eisell meant vinegar, nor even that + Shakspeare has used it in that sense; but in this passage it + seems that it must be put for the name of a Danish river.... The + question was much disputed between Messrs. Steevens and Malone: + the former being for the river, the latter for the vinegar; and + he endeavored even to get over the drink up, which stood much in + his way. But after all, the challenge to drink vinegar, in such + a rant, is so inconsistent, and even ridiculous, that we must + decide for the river, whether its name be exactly found or not. + To drink up a river, and eat a crocodile with his impenetrable + scales, are two things equally impossible. There is no kind of + comparison between the others." + +I must confess that I was formerly led to adopt this view of the +passage, but on more mature investigation I find that it is wrong. I see +no necessary connection between eating a crocodile and drinking up +eysell; and to drink up was commonly used for simply to drink. Eisell or +Eysell certainly signified vinegar, but it was certainly not used in +that sense by Shakspeare, who may in this instance be his own expositor; +the word occurring again in his CXIth sonnet. + + "Whilst, like a willing patient, I will drink + Potions of eysell, 'gainst my strong infection; + No bitterness that I will bitter think, + Nor double penance, to correct correction." + +Here we see that it was a bitter potion which it was a penance to drink. +Thus also in the Troy Book of Lydgate: + + "Of bitter eysell, and of eager wine." + +Now numerous passages in our old dramatic writers show that it was a +fashion with the gallants of the time to do some extravagant feat, as a +proof of their love, in honour of their mistresses; and among others the +swallowing some nauseous potion was one of the most frequent; but +vinegar would hardly have been considered in this light; wormwood might. + +In Thomas's Italian Dictionary, 1562, we have "Assentio, Eysell" and +Florio renders that word by vinegar. What is meant, however, is +Absinthites or Wormwood wine, a nauseously bitter medicament then much +in use; and this being evidently {242} the _bitter potion of Eysell_ in +the poet's sonnet, was certainly the nauseous draught proposed to be +taken by Hamlet among the other extravagant feats as tokens of love. The +following extracts will show that in the poet's age this nauseous bitter +potion was in frequent use medicinally. + + "ABSINTHIUM, [Greek: apsinthion, aspinthion], Comicis, ab + insigni amarore quo bibeates illud aversantur."-_Junius, + Nomenclator ap. Nicot_. + + "ABSINTHITES, _wormwood wine_.--_Hutton's Dict_. + + "Hujus modi autem propomatum _hodie_ apud Christianos quoque + _maximus est et frequentissimus usus_, quibus potatores maximi + ceu proemiis quibusdam atque prÊludiis utuntur, ad dirum illud + suum propinandi certamen. _Ae maxime quidem commune est proponia + absynthites_, quod vim habet stomachum corroborandi et + extenuandi, expellendique excrementa quÊ in eo continentur. Hoc + fere propomate potatores hodie maxime ab initio coenÊ utuntur + ceu pharmaco cum hesternÊ, atque prÊteritÊ, tum futurÊ + ebrietatis, atque crapulÊ.... _amarissimÊ sunt potiones + medicatÊ_, quibus tandem stomachi cruditates immoderato cibo + potuque collectas expurgundi cause uti coguntur."--Stuckius, + _AntiquitatÊ Corviralium. Tiguri_, 1582, fol. 327. + +Of the two latest editors, Mr. Knight decides for the _river_, and Mr. +Collier does not decide at all. Our northern neighbours think us almost +as much deficient in philological illustration as in enlarged +philosophical criticism on the poet, in which they claim to have shown +us the way. + +S.W. SINGER. + +Mickleham, Aug. 1850. + + * * * * * + +AUTHORS OF THE ROLLIAD. + +To the list of subjects and authors in this unrivalled volume, +communicated by LORD BRAYBROOKE (Vol. ii., p. 194.), I would add that +No. XXI. _Probationary Odes_ (which is unmarked in the Sunning-hill Park +copy) was written by Dr. Laurence: so also were Nos. XIII. and XIV., of +which LORD BRAYBROOKE speaks doubtfully. My authority is the note in the +correspondence of Burke and Laurence published in 1827, page 21. The +other names all agree with my own copy, marked by the late Mr. A. +Chalmers. + +In order to render the account of the work complete, I would add the +following list of writers of the _Political Miscellanies_. Those marked +with an asterisk are said "not to be from the club:"-- + + "* Probationary Ode Extraordinary, by Mason. + + The Statesmen, an Eclogue. Read. + + Rondeau to the Right Honourable W. Eden. Dr. Laurence. + + Epigrams from the Club. Miscellaneous. + + The Delavaliad. Dr. Laurence. + + This is the House that George built. Richardson. + + Epigrams by Sir Cecil Wray. Tickell and Richardson. + + Lord Graham's Diary, not marked. + + * Extracts from 2nd Vol. of Lord Mulgrave's Essays. + + * Anecdotes of Mr. Pitt. + + Letter from a New Member. + + * Political Receipt Book, &c. + + * Hints from Dr. Pretyman. + + A tale 'at Brookes's once,' &c. Richardson. + + Dialogue 'Donec Gratus eram Tibi.' Lord J. Townshend. + + Pretymaniana, principally by Tickell and Richardson. + + Foreign Epigrams, the same and Dr. Laurence. + + * Advertisement Extraordinary. + + Vive le Scrutiny. Bate Dudley. + + * Paragraph Office, Ivy Lane. + + * Pitt and Pinetti. + + * New Abstract of the Budget for 1784. + + Theatrical Intelligence Extraordinary. Richardson. + + The Westminster Guide (unknown). Part II. (unknown). + + Inscription for the Duke of Richmond's Bust (unknown). + + Epigram, 'Who shall expect,' &c. Richardson. + + A New Ballad, 'Billy Eden.' Tickell and Richardson. + + Epigrams on Sir Elijah Impey, and by Mr. Wilberforce (unknown). + + A Proclamation, by Richardson. + + * Original Letter to Corbett. + + * Congratulatory Ode to Right Hon. C. Jenkinson. + + * Ode to Sir Elijah Impey. + + * Song. + + * A New Song, 'Billy's Budget.' + + * Epigrams. + + * Ministerial Undoubted Facts (unknown). + + Journal of the Right Hon. Hen. Dundas. From the Club. + Miscellaneous. + + Incantation. Fitzpatrick. + + Translations of Lord Belgrave's Quotations. From the Club. + Miscellaneous." + +Some of these minor contributions were from the pen of O'Beirne, +afterwards Bishop of Meath. + +Tickell should be joined with Lord John Townshend in "Jekyll." The +former contributed the lines parodied from Pope. + +In reply to LORD BRAYBROOKE'S Query, Moore, in his _Life of Sheridan_, +speaks of Lord John Townshend as the only survivor of "this confederacy +of wits:" so that, if he is correct, the author of "Margaret Nicholson" +(Adair) cannot be now living. + +J.H.M. + +Bath. + + * * * * * + +NOTES AND QUERIES. + +"There is nothing new under the sun," quoth the Preacher; and such must +be said of "NOTES AND QUERIES." Your contributor M. (Vol. ii, p. 194.) +has drawn attention to the _Weekly Oracle_, which in 1736 gave forth its +responses to the inquiring public; but, as he intimates, many similar +periodicals might be instanced. Thus, we have _Memoirs for the +Ingenious_, 1693, 4to., edited by I. de la Crose; _Memoirs for the +Curious_, 1701, 4to.; _The Athenian Oracle_, 1704, 8vo.; _The Delphick +Oracle_, {243} 1720, 8vo.; _The British Apollo_, 1740, 12mo.; with +several others of less note. The three last quoted answer many singular +questions in theology, law, medicine, physics, natural history, popular +superstitions, &c., not always very satisfactorily or very +intelligently, but still, often amusingly and ingeniously. _The British +Apollo: containing two thousand Answers to curious Questions in most +Arts and Sciences, serious, comical, and humourous_, the fourth edition +of which I have now before me, indulges in answering such questions as +these: "How old was Adam when Eve was created?--Is it lawful to eat +black pudding?--Whether the moon in Ireland is like the moon in England? +Where is hell situated? Do cocks lay eggs?" &c. In answer to the +question, "Why is gaping catching?" the Querists of 1740 are gravely +told,-- + + "Gaping or yawning is infectious, because the steams of the + blood being ejected out of the mouth, doth infect the ambient + air, which being received by the nostrils into another man's + mouth, doth irritate the fibres of the hypogastric muscle to + open the mouth to discharge by expiration the unfortunate gust + of air infected with the steams of blood, as aforesaid." + +The feminine gender, we are further told, is attributed to a ship, +"because a ship carries burdens, and therefore resembles a pregnant +woman." + +But as the faith of 1850 in _The British Apollo_, with its two thousand +answers, may not be equal to the faith of 1740, what dependence are we +to place in the origin it attributes to two very common words, a _bull_, +and a _dun_?-- + + "Why, when people speak improperly, is it termed a bull?--It + became a proverb from the repeated blunders of one _Obadiah + Bull_, a lawyer of London, who lived in the reign of King Henry + VII." + +Now for the second,-- + + "Pray tell me whence you can derive the original of the word + _dun_? Some falsely think it comes from the French, where + _donnez_ signifies _give me_, implying a demand of something + due; but the true original of this expression owes its birth to + one _Joe Dun_, a famous bailiff of the town of Lincoln, so + extremely active, and so dexterous at the management of his + rough business, that it became a proverb, when a man refused to + pay his debts, 'Why don't you _Dun_ him?' that is, why don't you + send Dun to arrest him? Hence it grew a custom, and is now as + old as since the days of Henry VII." + +Were these twin worthies, Obadiah Bull the lawyer, and Joe Dun the +bailiff, men of straw for the nonce, or veritable flesh and blood? They +both flourished, it appears, in the reign of Henry VII.; and to me it is +doubtful whether one reign could have produced two worthies capable of +cutting so deep a notch in the English tongue. + +"To dine with Duke Humphrey," we are told, arose from the practice of +those who had shared his dainties when alive being in the habit of +perambulating St. Paul's, where he was buried, at the dining time of +day; what dinner they then had, they had with Duke Humphrey the defunct. + +Your contributor MR. CUNNINGHAM will be able to decide as to the value +of the origin of Tyburn here given to us: + + "As to the antiquity of Tyburn, it is no older than the year + 1529; before that time, the place of execution was in _Rotten + Row_ in _Old Street_. As for the etymology of the word _Tyburn_, + some will have it proceed from the words _tye_ and _burn_, + alluding to the manner of executing traitors at that place; + others believe it took its name from a small river or brook once + running near it, and called by the Romans Tyburnia. Whether the + first or second is the truest, the querist may judge as he + thinks fit." + +And so say I. + +A readable volume might be compiled from these "NOTES AND QUERIES," +which amused our grandfathers; and the works I have indicated will +afford much curious matter in etymology, folk-lore, topography, &c., to +the modern antiquary. + +CORKSCREW. + + * * * * * + +JAMES THE SECOND, HIS REMAINS. + +The following curious account was given to me by Mr. Fitz-Simons, an +Irish gentleman, upwards of eighty years of age, with whom I became +acquainted when resident with my family at Toulouse, in September, 1840; +he having resided in that city for many years as a teacher of the French +and English languages, and had attended the late Sir William Follett in +the former capacity there in 1817. He said,-- + + "I was a prisoner in Paris, in the convent of the English + Benedictines in the Rue St. Jaques, during part of the + revolution. In the year 1793 or 1794, the body of King James II. + of England was in one of the chapels there, where it had been + deposited some time, under the expectation that it would one day + be sent to England for interment in Westminster Abbey. It had + never been buried. The body was in a wooden coffin, inclosed in + a leaden one; and that again inclosed in a second wooden one, + covered with black velvet. That while I was so a prisoner, the + sans-culottes broke open the coffins to get at the lead to cast + into bullets. The body lay exposed nearly a whole day. It was + swaddled like a mummy, bound tight with garters. The + sans-culottes took out the body, which had been embalmed. There + was a strong smell of vinegar and camphor. The corpse was + beautiful and perfect. The hands and nails were very fine, I + moved and bent every finger. I never saw so fine a set of teeth + in my life. A young lady, a fellow prisoner, wished much to have + a tooth; I tried to get one out for her, but could not, they + were so firmly fixed. The feet also were very beautiful. The + face and cheeks were just as if he were alive. I rolled his + eyes: the eye-balls were perfectly firm under my finger. The + French and English prisoners {244} gave money to the + sans-culottes for showing the body. They said he was a good + sans-culotte, and they were going to put him into a hole in the + public churchyard like other sans-culottes; and he was carried + away, but where the body was thrown I never heard. King George + IV. tried all in his power to get tidings of the body, but could + not. Around the chapel were several wax moulds of the face hung + up, made probably at the time of the king's death, and the + corpse was very like them. The body had been originally kept at + the palace of St. Germain, from whence it was brought to the + convent of the Benedictines. Mr. Porter, the prior, was a + prisoner at the time in his own convent." + +The above I took down from Mr. Fitz-Simons' own mouth, and read it to +him, and he said it was perfectly correct. Sir W. Follett told me he +thought Mr. Fitz-Simons was a runaway Vinegar Hill boy. He told me that +he was a monk. + +PITMAN JONES. + +Exeter, Aug. 1850. + + * * * * * + +FOLK LORE. + +_The Legend of Sir Richard Baker_ (vol. ii., p. 67.).--Will F.L. copy +the inscription on the monument in Cranbrook Church? The dates on it +will test the veracity of the legend. In the reign of Queen Mary, the +representative of the family was Sir John Baker, who in that, and the +previous reigns of Edward VI. and Henry VIII., had held some of the +highest offices in the kingdom. He had been Recorder of London, Speaker +of the House of Commons, Attorney-General and Chancellor of the +Exchequer, and died in the first year of the reign of Queen Elizabeth. +His son, Sir Richard Baker, was twice high-sheriff of the county of +Kent, and had the honour of entertaining Queen Elizabeth in her progress +through the county. This was, most likely, the person whose monument +F.L. saw in Cranbrook Church. The family had been settled there from the +time of Edward III., and seem to have been adding continually to their +possessions; and at the time mentioned by F.L. as that of their decline, +namely, in the reign of Edward VI., they were in reality increasing in +wealth and dignities. If the Sir Richard Baker whose monument is +referred to by F.L. was the son of the Sir John above mentioned, the +circumstances of his life disprove the legend. He was not the sole +representative of the family remaining at the accession of Queen Mary. +His father was then living, and at the death of his father his brother +John divided with him the representation of the family, and had many +descendants. The family estates were not dissipated; on the contrary, +they were handed down through successive generations, to one of whom, a +grandson of Sir Richard, the dignity of a baronet was given; and +Sivinghurst, which was the family seat, was in the possession of the +third and last baronet's grandson, E.S. Beagham, in the year 1730. Add +to this that the Sir Richard Baker in question was twice married, and +that a monumental erection of the costly and honourable description +mentioned by F.L. was allowed to be placed to his memory in the chancel +of the church of the parish in which such Bluebeard atrocities are said +to have been committed, and abundant grounds will thence appear for +rejecting the truth of the legend in the absence of all evidence. The +unfortunately red colour of the gloves most likely gave rise to the +story. Nor is this a solitary instance of such a legend having such an +origin. In the beautiful parish church of Aston, in Warwickshire, are +many memorials of the Baronet family of Holt, who owned the adjoining +domain and hall, the latter of which still remains, a magnificent +specimen of Elizabethan architecture. Either in one of the compartments +of a painted window of the church, or upon a monumental marble to one of +the Holts, is the Ulster badge, as showing the rank of the deceased, and +painted red. From the colour of the badge, a legend of the bloody hand +has been created as marvellous as that of the Bloody Baker, so fully +detailed by F.L. + +ST. JOHNS. + + +[Will our correspondent favour us by communicating the Aston Legend of +the Holt Family to which he refers?] + +_Langley, Kent, Prophetic Spring at._--The following "note" upon a +passage in _Warkworth's Chronicle_ (pp. 23, 24.) may perhaps possess +sufficient interest to warrant its insertion in your valuable little +publication. The passage is curious, not only as showing the +superstitious dread with which a simple natural phenomenon was regarded +by educated and intelligent men four centuries ago, but also as +affording evidence of the accurate observation of a writer, whose +labours have shed considerable light upon "one of the darkest periods in +our annals." The chronicler is recording the occurrence, in the +thirteenth year of Edward the Fourth, of a "gret hote somere," which +caused much mortality, and "unyversalle fevers, axes, and the blody flyx +in dyverse places of Englonde," and also occasioned great dearth and +famine "in the southe partyes of the worlde." + +He then remarks that "dyverse tokenes have be schewede in Englonde this +year for amendynge of mannys lyvynge," and proceeds to enumerate several +springs or waters in various places, which only ran at intervals, and by +their running always portended "derthe, pestylence, or grete batayle." +After mentioning several of these, he adds-- + + "Also ther is a pytte in Kent in Langley Parke: ayens any + batayle he wille be drye, and it rayne neveyre so myche; and if + ther be no batayle toward, he wille be fulle of watere, be it + neveyre so drye a wethyre; and this yere he is drye." + +Langley Park, situated in a parish of the same {245} name, about four +miles to the south-east of Maidstone, and once the residence of the +Leybournes and other families, well-known in Kentish history, has long +existed only in name, having been disparked prior to 1570; but the +"pytte," or stream, whose wondrous qualities are so quaintly described +by Warkworth, still flows at intervals. It is scarcely necessary to add, +that it belongs to the class known as _intermitting springs_, the +phenomena displayed by which are easily explained by the syphon-like +construction of the natural reservoirs whence they are supplied. + +I have never heard that any remnant of this curious superstition can now +be traced in the neighbourhood, but persons long acquainted with the +spot have told me that the state of the stream was formerly looked upon +as a good index of the probable future price of corn. The same causes, +which regulated the supply or deficiency of water, would doubtless also +affect the fertility of the soil. + +EDWARD R.J. HOWE. + +Chancery Lane, Aug. 1850. + + * * * * * + +MINOR NOTES. + +_Poem by Malherbe_ (Vol. ii., p. 104.).--Possibly your correspondent MR. +SINGER may not be aware of the fact that the beauty of the fourth stanza +of Malherbe's Ode on the Death of Rosette Duperrier is owing to a +typographical error. The poet had written in his MS.-- + + "Et Rosette a vÈcu ce que vivent les roses," &c., + +omitting to cross his _t_'s, which the compositor took for _l_'s, and +set up _Roselle_. On receiving the proof-sheet, at the passage in +question a sudden light burst upon Malherbe; of _Roselle_ he made two +words, and put in two beautiful lines-- + + "Et Rose, elle a vÈcu ce que vivent les roses, + L'espace d'un matin." + +(See _FranÁais peints par eux-mÈmes_, vol. ii. p. 270.) + +P.S. KING. + +Kennington. + + +_Travels of Two English Pilgrims._-- + + "A True and Strange Discourse of the Travailes of Two English + Pilgrimes: what admirable Accidents befell them in their Journey + to Jerusalem, Gaza, Grand Cayro, Alexandria, and other places. + Also, what rare Antiquities, Monuments, and notable Memories + (concording with the Ancient Remembrances in the Holy + Scriptures), they sawe in the Terra Sancta; with a perfect + Description of the Old and New Jerusalem, and Situation of the + Countries about them. A Discourse of no lesse Admiration, then + well worth the regarding: written by one of them on the behalfe + of himselfe and his fellowe Pilgrime. Imprinted at London for + Thomas Archer, and are to be solde at his Shoppe, by the Royall + Exchange. 1603." + +A copy of this 4to. tract, formerly in the hands of Francis Meres, the +author of _Wit's Commonwealth_, has the following MS. note:-- + + "Timberley, dwellinge on Tower Hill, a maister of a ship, made + this booke, as Mr. Anthony Mundye tould me. Thomas, at Mrs. + Gosson's, sent my wyfe this booke for a token, February 15. A.D. + 1602." + +P.B. + + * * * * * + + +QUERIES. + +QUOTATIONS IN BISHOP ANDREWES' TORTURA TORTI. + +Can any of your contributors help me to ascertain the following +quotations which occur in Bishop Andrewes' _Tortura Torti_? + +P. 49.: + + "Si clavem potestatis non prÊcedat clavis discretionis." + +P. 58.: + + "Dispensationes nihil aliud esse quam legum vulnera." + +P. 58.: + + "Non dispensatio est, sed dissipatio." + +This, though not marked as a quotation, is, I believe, +in _S. Bernard_. + +P. 183.: + + "Et quÊ de septem totum circumspicit orbem Montibus, imperii + Roma De˚mque locus." + +P. 225.: + + "Nemo pius, qui pietatem cavet." + +P. 185.: + + "Minutuli et patellares Dei." + +I should also be glad to ascertain whence the following passages are +derived, which he quotes in his _Responsio ad Apologiam_? + +P. 48.: + + "[Greek: to gar trephon me tout ego kalo theon.]" + +P. 145.: + + "VanÊ sine viribus irÊ." + +P. 119. occurs the "versiculus," + + "Perdere quos vult hos dementat;" + +the source of which some of your contributors have endeavoured to +ascertain. + +JAMES BLISS. + +Ogbourne St. Andrew. + + * * * * * + +MINOR QUERIES. + +_The Spider and the Fly._--Can any of your readers, gentle or simple, +senile or juvenile, inform me, through the medium of your useful and +agreeable periodical, in what collection of nursery rhymes a poem +called, I think, "The Spider and Fly," occurs, and if procurable, where? +The lines I allude to consisted, to the best of my recollection, of a +dialogue between a fly and a spider, and began thus:-- {246} + + _Fly_. Spider, spider, what do you spin? + _Spider_. Mainsails for a man-of war. + _Fly_. Spider, spider, 'tis too thin. + Tell me truly, what 'tis for. + _Spider_. 'Tis for curtains for the king, + When he lies in his state bed. + _Fly_. Spider, 'tis too mean a thing, + Tell me why your toils you spread. + &c. &c. &c. + +There were other stanzas, I believe, but these are all I can remember. +My notion is, that the verses in question form part of a collection of +nursery songs and rhymes by Charles Lamb, published many years ago, but +now quite out of print. This, however, is a mere surmise on my part, and +has no better foundation than the vein of humour, sprightliness, and +originality, obvious enough in the above extract, which we find running +through and adorning all he wrote. "Nihil quod tetigit non ornavit." + +S.J. + + +_A Lexicon of Types._--Can any of your readers inform me of the +existence of a collection of emblems or types? I do not mean allegorical +pictures, but isolated symbols, alphabetically arranged or otherwise. + +Types are constantly to be met with upon monuments, coins, and ancient +title-pages, but so mixed with other matters as to render the finding a +desired symbol, unless very familiar, a work of great difficulty. Could +there be a systematic arrangement of all those known, with their +definitions, it would be a very valuable work of reference,--a work in +which one might pounce upon all the sacred symbols, classic types, +signs, heraldic zoology, conventional botany, monograms, and the like +abstract art. + +LUKE LIMNER. + + +_Montaigne, Select Essays of._-- + + "Essays selected from Montaigne, with a Sketch of the Life of + the Author. London. For P. Cadell, &c. 1800." + +This volume is dedicated to the Rev. William Coxe, rector of Bemerton. + +The life of Montaigne is dated the 28th of March, 1800, and signed +_Honoria_. At the end of the book is this advertisement:-- + + "Lately published by the same Author 'The Female Mentor.' 2d + edit., in 2 vols. 12mo." + +Who was _Honoria_? and are these _essays_ a scarce book in England? In +France it is entirely unknown to the numerous commentators on +Montaigne's works. + +O.D. + +_Custom of wearing the Breast uncovered in Elizabeth's Reign._--Fynes +Moryson, in a well-known passage of his _Itinerary_, (which I suppose I +need not transcribe), tells us that unmarried females and young married +women wore the breasts uncovered in Queen Elizabeth's reign. This is the +custom in many parts of the East. Lamartine mentions it in his pretty +description of Mademoiselle Malagambe: he adds, "it is the custom of the +Arab females." When did this curious custom commence in England, and +when did it go out of fashion? + +JARLTZBERG. + +_Milton's Lycidas._--In a Dublin edition of Milton's _Paradise Lost_ +(1765), in a memoir prefixed I find the following explanation of than +rather obscure passage in _Lycidas_:-- + + "Besides what the grim wolf, with privy paw, + Daily devours apace, and nothing said; + But that two-handed engine at the door + Stands ready to smite once, and smite no more." + + "This poem is not all made up of sorrow and tenderness, there is + a mixture of satire and indignation: for in part of it, the poet + taketh occasion to inveigh against the corruptions of the + clergy, and seemeth to have first discovered his acrimony + against Arb. Laud, and to have threatened him with the loss of + his head, which afterwards happened to him thorough the fury of + his enemies. At least I can think of no sense so proper to be + given to these verses in Lycidas." (p. vii.) + +Perhaps some of your numerous correspondents will kindly inform me of +the meaning or meanings usually assigned to this passage. + +JARLTZBERG. + + +_Sitting during the Lessons._--What is the origin of the congregation +remaining seated, while the first and second lessons are read, in the +church service? The rubric is silent on the subject; it merely directs +that the person who reads them shall stand:-- + + "He that readeth so standing and turning himself, as he may best + be heard of all such as are present." + +With respect to the practice of sitting while the epistle is read, and +of standing while the gospel is read, in the communion service; there is +in the rubric a distinct direction that "all the people are to stand up" +during the latter, while it is silent as to the former. From the silence +of the rubric as to standing during the two lessons of the morning +service, and the epistle in the communion service, it seems to have been +inferred that the people were to sit. But why are they directed to stand +during the gospel in the communion service, while they sit during the +second lesson in the morning service? + +L. + + +_Blew-Beer._--Sir, having taken a Note according to your very sound +advice, I addressed a letter to the _John Bull_ newspaper, which was +published on Saturday, Feb. 16. It contained an extract from a political +tract, entitled,-- + + "The true History of Betty Ireland, with some Account of her + Sister Blanche of Brittain. Printed for J. Robinson, at the + Golden Lion in Ludgate Street, MDCCLIII. (1753)." {247} + +In allusion to the English the following passage occurs,-- + + "But they forget, they are all so idle and debauched, such + gobbling and drinking rascals, and expensive in _blew-beer_," + &c. + +Query the unde derivatur of _blew-beer_, and if it is to be taken in the +same sense as the modern phrase of "blue ruin," and if so, the cause of +the change or history of both expressions? + +H. + + +_Carpatio._--I have lately met with a large aquatinted engraving, +bearing the following descriptive title: "AngliÊ Regis Legati +inspiciuntur Sponsam petentes Filiam Dionati CornubiÊ Regis pro Anglo +Principe." The costume of the figures is of the latter half of the +fifteenth century. The painter's name appears on a scroll, OP. VICTOR +CARPATIO VENETI. The copy of the picture for engraving was drawn by +Giovanni de Pian, and engraved by the same person and Francesco +Gallimberti, at Venice. I do not find the name of Carpatio in the +ordinary dictionaries of painters, and shall be glad to learn whether he +has here represented an historical event, or an incident of some +mediÊval romance. I suspect the latter must be the case, as _Cornubia_ +is the Latin word used for Cornwall, and I am not aware of its having +any other application. Is this print the only one of the kind, or is it +one of a set? + +J.G.N. + + +_Value of Money in Reign of Charles II._--Will any of your +correspondents inform me of the value of 1000l. circa Charles II. in +present money, and the mode in which the difference is estimated? + +DION X. + + +_Bishop Berkeley--Adventures of Gaudentio di Lucca._--I have a volume +containing the adventures of Signor Gaudentio di Lucca, with his +examination before the Inquisition of Bologna. In a bookseller's +catalogue I have seen it ascribed to Bishop Berkeley. Can any of your +readers inform me who was the author, or give me any particulars as to +the book? + +IOTA. + + +_Cupid and Psyche._--Can any of your learned correspondents inform me +whether the fable of Cupid and Psyche was invented by Apuleius; or +whether he made use of a superstition then current, turning it, as it +suited his purpose, into the beautiful fable which has been handed down +to us as his composition? + +W.M. + + +_Z¸nd-nadel Guns._--In paper of September or October last, I saw a +letter dated Berlin, Sept. 11, which commenced-- + + "We have had this morning a splendid military spectacle, and + being the first of the kind since the revolution, attracted + immense crowds to the scene of action." + + "The Fusileer battalions (light infantry) were all armed with + the new z¸nd-nadel guns, the advantages and superiority of which + over the common percussion musket now admits of no + contradiction, with the sole exception of the facility of + loading being an inducement to fire somewhat too quick, when + firing independently, as in battle, or when acting en + tirailleur. The invincible pedantry and amour-propre of our + armourers and inspectors of arms in England, their + disinclination to adopt inventions not of English growth, and + their slowness to avail themselves of new models until they are + no longer new, will, undoubtedly, exercise the usual influence + over giving this powerful weapon even a chance in England. It is + scarcely necessary to point out the great advantages that these + weapons, carrying, let us say, 800 yards with perfect accuracy, + have over our muskets, of which the range does not exceed 150, + and that very uncertain. Another great advantage of the + z¸nd-nadel is, that rifles or light infantry can load with ease + without effort when lying flat on the ground. The opponents of + the z¸nd-nadel talk of over-rapid firing and the impossibility + of carrying sufficient ammunition to supply the demands. This is + certainly a drawback, but it is compensated by the immense + advantage of being able to pour in a deadly fire when you + yourself are out of range, or of continuing this fire so + speedily as to destroy half your opponents before they can + return a shot with a chance of taking effect." + +This was the first intimation I ever had of the z¸nd-nadel guns. I +should like to know when and by whom they were invented, and their +mechanism. + +JARLTZBERG. + + +_Bacon Family, Origin of the Name._--Among the able notes, or the +_not_-able Queries of a recent Number, (I regret that I have it not at +hand, for an exact quotation), a learned correspondent mentioned, _en +passant_, that the word _bacon_ had the obsolete signification of +"_dried wood_." As a patronymic, BACON has been not a little +illustrious, in literature, science, and art; and it would be +interesting to know whether the name has its origin in the crackling +fagot or in the cured flitch. Can any of your genealogical +correspondents help me to authority on the subject? + +A modern motto of the Somersetshire Bacons has an ingenious rebus: + + ProBa-conSCIENTIA; + +the capitals, thus placed, giving it the double reading, Proba +coniscientia, and Pro Bacon Scientia. + +NOCAB. + + +_Armorials._--Sable, a fesse or, in chief two fleurs de lis or, in base +a hind courant argent. E.D.B. will feel grateful to any gentlemen who +will kindly inform him of the name of the family to which the above coat +belonged. They were quartered by Richard or Roger Barow, of Wynthorpe, +in Lincolnshire (_Harl. MS._ 1552. 42 _b_), who died in 1505. + +E.D.B. + + +_Artephius, the Chemical Philosopher._--What is known of the chemical +philosopher Artephius? He is mentioned in Jocker's _Dictionary_, and by +Roger Bacon (in the _Opus Majus_ and elsewhere), {248} and a tract +ascribed to him is printed in the _Theatrum Chemicum_. + +E. + + +_Sir Robert Howard._--Can any reader assist me in finding out the author +of + + "A Discourse of the Nationall Excellencies of England. By R.H., + London. Printed by Thomas Newcomb for Henry Fletcher, at the + Three Gilt Cups in the New Buildings, near the west end of St. + Paul's, 1658. 12 mo., pp. 248." + +This is a very remarkable work, written in an admirable style, and +wholly free from the coarse party spirit which then generally prevailed. +The writer declares, p. 235., he had not subscribed the engagement, and +there are internal evidences of his being a churchman and a monarchist. +Is there any proof of its having been written by Sir Robert Howard? A +former possessor of the copy now before me, has written his name on the +title-page as its conjectured author. My copy of Sir Robert's _Poems_, +published two years after, was published not by _Fletcher_, but by +"Henry Herringman, at the sign of the Anchor, in the lower walk of the +New Exchange." John Dryden, Sir Robert's brother-in-law, in the +complimentary stanzas on Howard's poems, says, + + "To write worthy things of worthy men, + Is the peculiar talent of your pen." + +I would further inquire if a reason can be assigned for the omission +from Sir Robert Howard's collected plays of _The Blind Lady_, the only +dramatic piece given in the volume of poems of 1660. My copy is the +third edition, published by Tonson, 1722. + +A.B.R. + + +_Crozier and Pastoral Staff._--What is the real difference between a +crozier and a pastoral staff? + +I.Z.P. + + +_Marks of Cadency._--The copious manner in which your correspondent E.K. +(Vol. ii., p. 221.) has answered the question as to the "when and why" +of the unicorn being introduced as one of the supporters of the royal +arms, induces me to think that he will readily and satisfactorily +respond to an heraldic inquiry of a somewhat more intricate nature. + +What were the peculiar marks of cadency used by the heirs to the crown, +apparent and presumptive, after the accession of the Stuarts? For +example, what were the changes, if any, upon the label or file of +difference used in the coat-armour of Henry, Prince of Wales, eldest son +of James I., and of his brother Charles, when Prince of Wales, and so +on, to the present time? + + +_Miniature Gibbet, &c._--A correspondent of the _Times_ newspaper has +recently given the following account of an occurrence which took place +about twenty-five years ago, and the concluding ceremony of which he +personally witnessed:-- + + "A man had been condemned to be hung for murder. On the Sunday + morning previous to the sentence being carried into execution, + he contrived to commit suicide in the prison by cutting his + throat with a razor. On Monday morning, according to the then + custom, his body was brought out from Newgate in a cart; and + after Jack Ketch had exhibited to the people a small model + gallows, with a razor hanging therefrom, in the presence of the + sheriffs and city authorities, he was thrown into a hole dug for + that purpose. A stake was driven through his body, and a + quantity of lime thrown in over it." + +Will any correspondent of "NOTES AND QUERIES" give a solution of this +extraordinary exhibition? Had the sheriffs and city authorities any +legal sanction for Jack Ketch's disgusting part in the performances? +What are the meaning and origin of driving a stake through the body of a +suicide? + +A.G. + +Ecclesfield + + * * * * * + + +REPLIES + +COLLAR OF SS. + +If you desire proof of the great utility of your publication, methinks +there is a goodly quantum of it in the very interesting and valuable +information on the Collar of SS., which the short simple question of B. +(Vol. ii., p. 89.) has drawn forth; all tending to illustrate a mooted +historical question:--first, in the reply of [Greek: Phi.] (Vol. ii., p. +110.), giving reference to the _Gentleman's Magazine_, with two +_rider_-Queries; then MR. NICHOLS'S announcement (Vol. ii., p. 140.) of +a forthcoming volume on the subject, and a reply in part to the Query of +[Greek: Phi.]; then (Vol. ii, p. 171.) MR. E. FOSS, as to the _rank_ of +the legal worthies allowed to wear this badge of honour; and next (Vol. +ii., p. 194.) an ARMIGER, who, though he rides rather high on the +subject, over all the Querists and Replyists, deserves many thanks for +his very instructive and scholarlike dissertation. + +What the S. signifies has evidently been a puzzle. That a chain is a +badge of honour, there can be no doubt; but may not the _Esses_, after +all, mean nothing at all? originating in the simple S. link, a form +often used in chain-work, and under the name of S. A series of such, +linked together, would produce an elegant design, which in the course of +years would be wrought more like the letter, and be embellished and +varied according to the skill and taste of the workman, and so, that +which at first had no particular meaning, and was merely accidental, +would, after a time, be _supposed_ to be the _initial letters_ of what +is now only guessed at, or be involved in heraldic mystery. As for +[Greek: Phi.]'s rider-Query (Vol ii., p. 110.), repeated by MR. FOSS +(Vol. ii., p. 171.), as to dates,--it may be one step towards a reply if +I here mention, that in Yatton Church, Somerset, there {249} is a +beautifully wrought alabaster monument, without inscription, but +traditionally ascribed to judge Newton, alias Cradock, and his wife Emma +de Wyke. There can be no doubt, from the costume, that the effigy is +that of a judge, and under his robes is visible the Collar of Esses. The +monument is in what is called the Wyke aisle or chapel. That it is +Cradock's, is confirmed by a garb or wheat-sheaf, on which his head is +laid. (The arms of Cradock are, Arg. on a chevron az. 3 _garbs_ or.) +Besides, in the very interesting accounts of the churchwardens of the +parish, annis 1450-1, among the receipts there is this entry: + + "It.: Recipim. de Dn‡ de Wyke p. man. T. Newton filii sui de + legato Dni. Riei. Newton ad ---- p. campana ... xx." + +Richard Cradock was the first of his family who took the name of Newton, +and I have been informed that the last fine levied before him was, Oct. +Mart. 27 Hen. VI. (Nov. 1448), proving that the canopied altar tomb in +Bristol Cathedral, assigned to him, and recording that he died 1444, +must be an error. It is stated, that the latter monument was defaced +during the civil wars, and repaired in 1747, which is, probably, all +that is true of it. But this would carry me into another subject, to +which, perhaps, I may be allowed to return some other day. However, we +have got a date for the use of the collar by the _chief_ judges, +_earlier_ than that assigned by MR. FOSS, and it is somewhat +confirmatory of what he tells us, that it was not worn by any of the +_puisne_ order. + +H.T. ELLACOMBE. + +Bitton, Aug. 1850. + + * * * * * + +_The Livery Collar of SS._--Though ARMIGER (Vol. ii., p. 194.) has not +adduced any facts on this subject that were previously unknown to me, he +has advanced some misstatements and advocated some erroneous notions, +which it may be desirable at once to oppose and contradict; inasmuch as +they are calculated to envelope in fresh obscurity certain particulars, +which it was the object of my former researches to set forth in their +true light. And first, I beg to say that with respect to the "four +inaccuracies" with which he charges me, I do not plead guilty to any of +them. 1st. When B. asked the question, "Is there any list of persons who +were honoured with that badge?" it was evident that he meant, Is there +any list of the names of such persons, as of the Knights of the Garter +or the Bath? and I correctly answered, No: for there still is no such +list. The description of the classes of persons who might use the collar +in the 2 Hen. IV. is not such a list as B. asked for. 2dly. Where I said +"That persons were not honoured with the badge, in the sense that +persons are now decorated with stars, crosses, or medals," I am again +unrefuted by the statute of 2 Hen. IV., and fully supported by many +historical facts. I repeat that the livery collar was not worn as a +badge of honour, but as a badge of feudal allegiance. It seems to have +been regarded as giving certain weight and authority to the wearer, and, +therefore, was only to be worn in the king's presence, or in coming to +and from the king's hostel, except by the higher ranks; and this +entirely confirms my view. Had it been a mere personal decoration, like +the collar of an order of knighthood, there would have been no reason +for such prohibition; but as it conveyed the impression that the wearer +was especially one of the king's immediate military or household +servants, and invested with certain power or influence on that ground, +therefore its assumption away from the neighbourhood of the court was +prohibited, except to individuals otherwise well known from their +personal rank and station. 3dly. When ARMIGER declares I am wrong in +saying "That the collar was _assumed_," I have every reason to believe I +am still right. I may admit that, if it was literally a livery, it would +be worn only by those to whom the king gave it; but my present +impression is, that it was termed the king's livery, as being of the +pattern which was originally distributed by the king, or by the Duke of +Lancaster his father, to his immediate adherents, but which was +afterwards _assumed_ by all who were anxious to assert their loyalty, or +distinguish their partizanship as true Lancastrians; so that the statute +of 2 Hen. IV. was rendered necessary to restrain its undue and +extravagant _assumption_, for sundry good political reasons, some notion +of which may be gathered by perusing the poem on the deposition of +Richard II. published by the Camden Society. And 4thly, Where ARMIGER +disputes my conclusion, that the assumers were, so far as can be +ascertained, those who were attached to the royal household or service, +it will be perceived, by what I have already stated, that I still adhere +to that conclusion. I do not, therefore, admit that the statute of 2 +Henry IV. shows me to be incorrect in any one of those four particulars. +ARMIGER next proceeds to allude to Manlius Torquatus, who won and wore +the golden torc of a vanquished Gaul: but this story only goes to prove +that the collar of the Roman _torquati_ originated in a totally +different way from the Lancastrian collar of livery. ARMIGER goes on to +enumerate the several derivations of the Collar of Esses--from the +initial letter of _Soverayne_, from _St. Simplicius_, from _St. Crispin_ +and _St. Crispinian_, the martyrs of Soissons, from the _Countess of +Salisbury_, from the word _Souvenez_, and lastly, from the office of +_Seneschalus_, or Steward of England, held by John of Ghent,--which is, +as he says, "Mr. Nichols's notion," but the whole of which he +stigmatises alike "as mere monkish or heraldic gossip;" and, finally, he +proceeds to unfold his own recondite discovery, "viz. that it comes from +the S-shaped lever upon the bit {250} of the bridle of the war +steed,"--a conjecture which will assuredly have fewer adherents than any +one of its predecessors. But now comes forth the disclosure of what +school of heraldry this ARMIGER is the champion. He is one who can tell +us of "many more rights and privileges than are dreamt of in the +philosophy either of the court of St. James's or the college of St. +Bennet's Hill!" In short, he is the mouthpiece of "the Baronets' +Committee for Privileges." And this is the law which he lays down:-- + + "The persons now privileged to wear the ancient golden collar of + SS. are the _equites aurati_, or knights (chevaliers) in the + British monarchy, a body which includes all the hereditary order + of baronets in England, Scotland, and Ireland, with such of + their eldest sons, being of age, as choose to claim inauguration + as knights." + +Here we have a full confession of a large part of the faith of the +Baronets' Committee,--a committee of which the greater number of those +who lent their names to it are probably by this time heartily ashamed. +It is the doctrine held forth in several works on the Baronetage +compiled by a person calling himself "Sir Richard Broun," of whom we +read in Dodd's _Baronetage_, that "previous to succeeding his father, he +demanded inauguration as a knight, in the capacity of a baronet's eldest +son; but the Lord Chamberlain having refused to present him to the Queen +for that purpose, he assumed the title of 'Sir,' and the addition of +'Eques Auratus,' in June, 1842." So we see that ARMIGER and the Lord +Chamberlain are at variance as to part of the law above cited; and so, +it might be added, have been other legal authorities, to the privileges +asserted by the mouthpiece of the said committee. But that is a long +story, on which I do not intend here to enter. I had not forgotten that +in one of the publications of Sir Richard Broun the armorial coat of the +premier baronet of each division is represented encircled with a Collar +of Esses; but I should never have thought of alluding to this freak, +except as an amusing instance of fantastic assumption. I will now +confine myself to what has appeared in the pages of "NOTES AND QUERIES;" +and, more particularly, to the unfounded assertion of ARMIGER in p. +194., "that the golden Collar of SS. was the undoubted badge or mark of +a knight, _eques auratus_;" which he follows up by the dictum already +quoted, that "the persons now privileged to wear the ancient golden +Collar of SS. are the _equites aurati_." I believe it is generally +admitted that knights were _equites aurati_ because they wore golden or +gilt spurs; certainly it was not because they wore golden collars, as +ARMIGER seems to wish us to believe; and the best proof that the Collar +of Esses was not the badge of a knight, as such, at the time when such +collars were most worn, in the fifteenth century, is this--that the +monumental effigies and sepulchral brasses of many knights at that time +are still extant which have no Collar of Esses; whilst the Collar of +Esses appears only on the figures of a limited number, who were +undoubtedly such as wished to profess their especial adherence to the +royal House of Lancaster. + +JOHN GOUGH NICHOLS. + + * * * * * + +SIR GREGORY NORTON, BART. + +(Vol. ii., p. 216.) + +The creation of the baronetcy of _Norton_, of Rotherfield, in East +Tysted, co. Hants, took place in the person of Sir Richard Norton, of +Rotherfield, Kt., 23d May, 1622, and _expired_ with him on his death +without male issue in 1652. + +The style of Baronet, in the case of _Sir Gregory Norton_, the +_regicide_, was an assumption not uncommon in those days; as in the case +of _Prettyman_ of Lodington, and others. + +The regicide in his will styles himself "Sir Richard Norton, of Paul's, +Covent Garden, in the county of Middlesex, Bart." It bears date 12th +March, 1651, and was proved by his relict, Dame Martha Norton, 24th +Sept., 1652. He states that his land at Penn, in the county of Bucks, +was _mortgaged_, and mentions his "disobedient son, Henrie Norton;" and +desires his burial-place may be at Richmond, co. Surrey. + +The descent of Gregory Norton is not known. There is no evidence of his +connexion with the Rotherfield or Southwick Nortons. His assumption of +the title was not under any claim he could have had, real or imaginary, +connected with the Rotherfield patent; for he uses the title at the same +time with Sir Richard of Rotherfield, whose will is dated 26th July, +1652, and not proved till 5th Oct, 1652, when Sir Gregory was dead; and, +what is singular, the will of Sir Richard was proved by his brother, +John Norton, by the style of _Baronet_, to which he could have had no +pretension, as Sir Richard died without male issue, and there was no +limitation of the patent of 1622 on failure of heirs male of the body of +the grantee. + +G. + + * * * * * + +SHAKSPEARE'S WORD "DELIGHTED." + +That the Shakspearian word _delighted_ might, as far as its form goes, +mean "endowed with delight," "full of delight," I should readily +concede; but this meaning would suit neither the passage in _Measure for +Measure_,--"the delighted spirit,"--nor (satisfactorily) that in +_Othello_,--"delighted beauty." Whether, therefore, _delighted_ be +derived from the Latin _delectus_ or not, I still believe that it means +"refined," "dainty," "delicate;" a sense which is curiously adapted to +each of the three places. This will not be questioned with respect to +the second and third passages cited by {251} MR. HICKSON: and the +following citations will, I think, prove the point as effectually for +the passage of _Measure for Measure_: + + 1. "_Fine_ apparition".--_Tempest_, Act i. sc. 2. + + 2. "Spirit, _fine_ spirit."--Ditto. + + 3. "_Delicate_ Ariel."--Ditto. + + 4. "And, for thou wast a spirit too _delicate_, + To act her _earthy_ and abhorred commands." + Ditto. + + 5. "_Fine_ Ariel."--Ditto. + + 6. "My _delicate_ Ariel."--Ditto. Act iv. sc. 1. + + 7. "Why that's my _dainty_ Ariel."--Ditto. Act v. + sc. 1. + +I do not know the precise nature of the "old authorities" which MR. +SINGER opposes to my conjecture: but may we not demur to the +conclusiveness of any "old authorities" on such a point? Etymology seems +to be one of the developing sciences, in which we know more, and better, +than our forefathers, as our descendants will know more, and better, +than we do. + +To end with a brace of queries. Are not _delicioe_, _delicatus_, more +probably from _deligere_ than from _delicere_? And whence comes the word +_dainty_? I cannot believe in the derivation from _dens_, "a tooth." + +B.H. KENNEDY. + + * * * * * + +AÀROSTATION. + +Your correspondent C.B.M. (Vol. ii., p 199.) will find a long article on +_AÎrostation_ in Rees' _CyclopÊdia_; but his inquiry reminds me of a +conversation I had with the late Sir Anthony Carlisle, about a year +before his death. He wished to consult me on the subject of flying by +mechanical means, and that I should assist him in some of his +arrangements. He had devoted many years of his life to the consideration +of this subject, and made numerous experiments at great cost, which +induced him to believe in the possibility of enabling man to fly by +means of artificial wings. However visionary this idea might be, he had +collected innumerable and extremely interesting data, having examined +the anatomical structure of almost every winged thing in the creation, +and compared the weight of the body with the area of the wings when +expanded in the act of volitation as well as the natural habits of +birds, insects, bats, and fishes, with reference to their powers of +flying and duration of flight. + +These notes would form a valuable addition to natural history, whatever +might be thought of the purpose for which they were collected, during a +period of thirty years; and it is much to be regretted they were never +published. His own opinion was, that the publication, during his life +would injure his practice as a physician. It would be impossible without +the aid of diagrams, and I do not remember sufficient, to explain his +mechanical contrivances; but the general principle was, to suspend the +man under a kind of flat parachute of extremely thin _feather-edge_ +boards, with a power of adjusting the angle at which it was placed, and +allowing the man the full use of his arms and legs to work any machinery +placed beneath; the area of the parachute being proportioned, as in +birds to the weight of the man, who was to start from the top of a high +tower, or some elevated position, flying against the wind. + +HENRY WILKINSON. + +Brompton. + + * * * * * + +REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES. + +_Long Lonkin_ (Vol. ii., p. 168.).--If SELEUCUS will refer to Mr. +Chamber's _Collection of Scottish Ballads_, he will find there the whole +story under the name of Lammilsin, of which Lonkin appears to me to be a +corruption. In the 6th verse it is rendered: + + "He said to his ladye fair, + Before he gaed abuird, + Beware, beware o, Lammilsin! + For he lyeth in the wudde." + +Then the story goes on to state that Lammilsin crept in at a little shot +window, and after some conversation with the "fause nourrice" they +decide to + + "Stab the babe, and make it cry, + And that will bring her down." + +Which being done, they murder the unhappy lady. Shortly after, Lord +Weirie comes home, and has the "fause nourrice" burnt at the stake. From +the circumstance that the name of the husband of the murdered lady was +Weirie, it is conjectured that this tragedy took place at Balwearie +Castle, in Fife, and the old people about there constantly affirm that +it really occurred. I am not aware that there exists any connection +between the hero of this story and the _nursery rhyme_; for, as I before +stated, I think Lonkin a corruption of Lammilsin. + +H.H.C. + + +_Rowley Powley_ (Vol. ii., p. 74.).--Andre Valladier, who died about the +middle of the sixteenth century, was a popular preacher and the king's +almoner. He gained great applause for his funeral oration on Henry IV. +In his sermon for the second Sunday in Lent (Rouen, 1628), he says;-- + + "Le paon est gentil et miste, bien que par la parfaite beautÈ de + sa houppe, par la raretÈ et noblesse de sa teste, par la + gentilesse et nettetÈ de son cou, par l'ornement de ses pennes + et par la majestÈ de tout le reste de son corps, il ravit tous + ceux qui le contemplent attentivement; toutefois au rencontre de + sa femelle, pour l'attirer ‡ son amour, il dÈploye sa pompe, + fait montrer et parade de son plumage bizarrÈ, et RIOLL… PIOLL… + se presente ‡ elle avec piafe, et luy donne la plus belle visÈe + de sa roue. De mesme ce Dieu admirable, amoreux des hommes, pour + nous ravir d'amour ‡ soy, desploye le lustre de ses plus + accomplies beautez, et comme un amant transportÈ de sa bienaimÈe + se {252} montre pour nous allecher ‡ cetter transformation de + nous en luy, de nostre misËre en sa gloire."--Ap. + _Predicatoriuna_ p. 132-3: Dijon, 1841. + +H.B.C. + + +_Guy's Armour_ (Vol. ii., pp. 55. 187.).--With respect to the armour +said to have belonged to Guy, Earl of Warwick, your correspondent NASO +is referred to Grose's _Military Antiquities_, vol. ii. pl. 42., where +he will find an engraving of a bascinet of the fourteenth century, much +dilapidated, but having still a fragment of the moveable vizor adhering +to the pivot on which it worked. Whether this interesting relic is still +at Warwick Castle or not, I cannot pretend to say, as I was +unfortunately prevented joining the British ArchÊological Association at +the Warwick congress in 1847, and have never visited that part of the +country; but the bascinet which was there in Grose's time was at least +of the date of Guido de Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick, the builder of Guy's +Tower, who died in 1315, and who has always been confounded with the +fabulous Guy: and if it has disappeared, we have to regret the loss of +the only specimen of an English bascinet of that period that I am aware +of in this country. + +J.R. PLANCH + + +_Alarm_ (Vol. ii., pp. 151. 183.).--The origin of this word appears to +be the Italian cry, _all'arme; gridare all'arme_ is to give the alarm. +Hence the French _alarme_, and from the French is borrowed the English +word. _Alarum_ for _alarm_, is merely a corruption produced by +mispronunciation. The letters _l_ and _r_ before _m_ are difficult to +pronounce; and they are in general, according to the refined standard of +our pronunciation, so far softened as only to lengthen the preceding +vowel. In provincial pronunciation, however, the force of the former +letter is often preserved, and the pronunciation is facilitated by the +insertion of a vowel before the final _m_. The Irish, in particular, +adopt this mode of pronouncing; even in public speaking they say +_callum_, _firrum_, _farrum_, for _calm_, _firm_, _farm_. The old word +_chrisom_ for _chrism_, is an analogous change: the Italians have in +like manner lengthened _chrisma_ into _cresima_; the French have +softened it into _chrÍme_. + +L. + + +_Alarm._--It is in favour of the derivation _‡ l'arme_ that the Italian +is _allarme_; some dictionaries even have _dare all'arme_, with the +apostrophe, for to give alarm. It is against it that the German word +_L‰rm_ is used precisely as the English _alarm_. Your correspondent CH. +thinks the French derivation suspiciously ingenious: here I must differ; +I think it suspiciously obvious. I will give him a suggestion which I +think really suspiciously ingenious: in fact, had not the opportunity +occurred for illustrating ingenuity, I should not have ventured it. May +it not be that _alarme_ and _allarme_ is formed in the obvious way, as +_to arms_; while _alarum_ and _L‰rm_ wholly unconnected with them? May +it not sometimes happen that, by coincidence, the same sounds and +meanings go together in different languages without community of origin? +Is it not possible that _larum_ and _L‰rm_ are imitations of the stroke +and subsequent resonance of a large bell? Denoting the continued sound +of _m_ by _m-m-m_, I think that _lrm-m-m-lrm-m-m-lrm-m-m_ &c., is as +good an imitation of a large bell at some distance as letters can make. +And in the old English use of the word, the alarum refers more often to +a bell than to any thing else. + +The introduction of the military word into English can be traced, as to +time, with a certain probability. In 1579, Thomas Digges published his +_Arithmeticall Militare Treatise named Stratioticos_, which he informs +us is mainly the writing of his father, Leonard Digges. At page 170. the +father seems to finish with "and so I mean to finishe this treatise:" +while the son, as we must suppose, adds p. 171. and what follows. In the +father's part the word _alarm_ is not mentioned, that I can find. If it +occurred anywhere, it would be in describing the duties of the +_scout-master_; but here we have nothing but _warning_ and _surprise_, +never _alarm_. But in the son's appendix, the word _alarme_ does occur +twice in one page (173.). It also occurs in the body of the _second_ +edition of the book, when of course it is the son who inserts it. We may +say then, that, in all probability, the military technical term was +introduced in the third quarter of the sixteenth century. This, I +suspect, is too late to allow us to suppose that the vernacular force +which Shakspeare takes it to have, could have been gained for it by the +time he wrote. + +The second edition was published in 1590; about this time the spelling +of the English language made a very rapid approach to its present form. +This is seen to a remarkable extent in the two editions of the +_Stratioticos_; in the first, the commanding officer of a regiment is +always _corronel_, in the second _collonel_. But the most striking +instance I now remember, is the following. In the first edition of +Robert Recorde's _Castle of Knowledge_ (1556) occurs the following +tetrastich:-- + + "If reasons reache transcende the skye, + Why shoulde it then to earthe be bounde? + The witte is wronged and leadde awrye, + If mynde be maried to the grounde." + +In the second edition (1596) the above is spelt as we should now do it, +except in having _skie_ and _awrie_. + +M. + + +_Prelates of France_ (Vol. ii., p. 182.).--In answer to a Minor Query of +P.C.S.S., I can inform him that I have in my possession, if it be of any +use to him, a manuscript entitled _Tableau de l'Ordre religieux en +France, avant et depuis l'Edit de 1768_, {253} containing the houses, +number of religions, and revenues, and the several dioceses in which +they were to be found. + +M. + +Midgham House, Newbury, Berks. + + +_Haberdasher_ (Vol. ii., p. 167.).-- + + "Haberdasher, a retailer of goods, a dealer in small wares; T. + _haubvertauscher_, from _haab_; B. _have_; It. _haveri_, + _haberi_, goods, wares; and _tauscher_, _vertauscher_, a dealer, + an exchanger; G. _tuiskar_; D. _tusker_; B. _tuischer_." + +This derivation of the term _haberdasher_ is from _Thomson's Etymons_, +and seems to be satisfactory. + +_Haberdascher_ was the name of a trade at least as early as the reign of +Edward III.; but it is not easy to decide what was the sort of trade or +business then carried on under that name. Any elucidation of that point +would be very acceptable. + +D. + + +"_Rapido contrarius orbi_" (Vol. ii., p. 120.).--No answer having +appeared to the inquiry of N.B., it may be stated that, in Hartshorne's +_Book-Rarities of Cambridge_, mention is made of a painting, in Emanuel +College, of "Abp. Sancroft, sitting at a writing-table with arms, and +motto, _Rapido contrarius orbi_. P.P. Lens, F.L." + +Brayley, in his _Concise Account of Lambeth Palace_, describes a +portrait, in the vestry, of "A young man in a clerical habit, or rather +that of a student, with a motto beneath, 'Rapido contrarium orbo'" +(whether the motto, as thus given, is the printer's or the painter's +error does not appear), "supposed to be Abp. Sancroft when young.--Date +1650." + +G.A.S. + + +_Robertson of Muirtown_ (Vol. ii., p. 135.).--C.R.M. will find a +pedigree of the family of Robertson of _Muirton_ in a small duodecimo +entitled: + + "The History and Martial Atchievements of the Robertsons of + Strowan. Edinburgh: printed for and by Alex. Robertson in + _Morison's_ Close; where Subscribers may call for their copies." + +The date of publication is not given; I think, however, it must have +been printed soon after 1st January 1771, which is the latest date in +the body of the work. + +The greater portion of the volume is occupied with the poems of +Alexander Robertson of Strowan who died in 1749. + +A.R.X. + +Paisley. + + +"_Noli me tangere_" (Vol. ii., p. 153.)--The following list of some of +the painters of this subject may assist B.R.:-- + +_Timoteo delle Vite_--for St. Angelo at Cogli. + +_Titian_--formerly in the Orleans collection, and engraved by N. +Tardieu, in the Crozat Gallery. + +_Ippolito Scarsella_ (Lo Scarsellino)--for St. Nicolo Ferrara. + +_Cristoforo Roncalli_ (Il Cav. delle Pomarance)--for the Eremitani at +St. Severino. + +_Lucio Massari_--for the Celestini, Bologna. + +_Francesco Boni_ (Il Gobbino)--for the Dominicani, Faenza. + +I.Z.P. + + +_Clergy sold for Slaves_ (Vol. ii., p. 51.),--MR. SANSOM will find in +the _Cromwellian Diary of Thomas Burton_, iv. 255. 273. 301-305., ample +material for an answer to his question respecting the sale of any of the +loyal party for slaves during the rebellion. + +There is no evidence of any _clergymen_ having been sold as slaves to +Algiers or Barbadoes. Drs. Beale, Martin, and Sterne, heads of colleges, +were threatened with this outrage (see _Querela Cantabrigiensis_ +appended to the _Mercurius Rusticus_ p. 184). In the life of Dr. John +Barwick, one of the authors of the _Querela_ (in the Eng. transl. p. +42.), the story is thus told: + + "The rebels at that time threatened some of their greatest men + and most learned heads (such as Dr William Beale, Dr. Edward + Martin, and Dr. Richard Sterne) transportation into the isles of + America, or even to the barbarian Turks: for these great men, + and several other very eminent divines, were kept close + prisoners in a ship on the Thames, under the hatches, almost + killed with stench, hunger, and watching; and treated by the + senseless mariners with more insolence than if they had been the + vilest slaves, or had been confined there for some infamous + robbery or murder. Nay, one Rigby, a scoundrel of the very dregs + of the parliament rebels, did at that time expose these venerable + persons to sale, and _would actually have sold them for slaves, + if any one would have bought them_." + +In a note, it is added that Rigby moved twice in the Long Parliament, + + "That those lords and gentlemen who were prisoners, should be + sold as slaves to Argiere, or sent to the new plantations in the + West Indies, because he had contracted with two merchants for + that purpose." + +Col. Rigby, so justly denounced by Barwick, sat in the Long Parliament +for the borough of Wigan, and in the Parliarment of 1658-9 represented +Lancashire. He was a native of Preston, was bred to the law, and held a +colonel's rank in the parliamentary army. He was one of the committee of +sequestrators for Lancashire, served at the siege of Latham House, and +in 1649 was created Baron of the Exchequer, but was superseded by +Cromwell. + +Calamy, the historian and chaplain of the Nonconformists, treated +Walker's statement quoted by MR. SANSOM as a fiction, and advised him to +expunge the passage. See his _Church and Dissenters compared as to +Persecution_, 1719, pp. 40, 41. + +A.B.R. + + +_North Side of Churchyards_ (Vol. ii., pp. 55. 189).--One of your +writers has recently endeavoured to explain the popular dislike to +burial on the north side of the church, by reference to the place of the +churchyard cross, the sunniness, and the greater resort of the people to +the south. {254} These are not only meagre reasons, but they are +incorrect. + +The doctrine of regions was coeval with the death of Our Lord. The east +was the realm of the oracles; the especial Throne of God. The west was +the domain of the people; the Galilee of all nations was there. The +south, the land of the mid-day, was sacred to things heavenly and +divine. The north was the devoted region of Satan and his hosts; the +lair of demons, and their haunt. In some of our ancient churches, over +against the font, and in the northern walls, there was a devil's door. + +It was thrown open at every baptism for the escape of the fiend, and at +all other seasons carefully closed. Hence came the old dislike to +sepulture at the north. + +R.S. HAWKER. + +Morwenstow, Cornwall. + + +_Sir John Perrot_ (Vol. ii., p. 217.).--This Query surprises me. Sir +John Perrot was not governor of Ireland _in the reign of Henry VIII._, +and your correspondent E.N.W. is mistaken in his belief that Sir John +was _beheaded_ in the reign of Elizabeth. He was convicted of treason +16th June, 1592, and died in the Tower in September following. In the +_British Plutarch_, 3rd edit., 1791, vol. i. p. 121., is _The Life of +Sir John Perrot_. The authorities given are Cox's _History of Ireland; +Life of Sir John Perrot_, 8vo., 1728; _Biographia Britannica_; Salmon's +_Chronological History_; to which I may add the following references:-- + +Howell's _State Trials_, i. 1315; Camden's _Annals_; Naunton's +_Fragmenta Regalia_; Lloyd's _State Worthies_; Nash's _Worcestershire_; +Strype's _Ecclesiastical Memorials_, iii. 297.; Strype's _Annals_, iii. +337, 398-404.; _Stradling Letters_, 48-50.; Nare's _Life of Lord +Burghley_, iii. 407.; _Fourth Report of Deputy Keeper of Public +Records_, Appendix, ii. 281. Dean Swift, in his _Introduction to Polite +Conversation_, says,-- + + "Sir John Perrot was the first man of quality whom I find upon + the record to have sworn by _God's wounds_. He lived in the + reign of Queen Elizabeth, and was supposed to be a natural son + of Henry VIII., who might also have been his instructor." + +C.H. COOPER + +Cambridge, August 31. 1850. + + +_Coins of Constantius II._--The coins of this prince are, from their +titles being identical with those of his cousin, very difficult to be +distinguished. _My_ only guide is the portrait. Gallus died at +twenty-nine; and we may suppose that his coins would present a more +youthful portrait than Constantius II. The face of Constantius is long +and thin, and is distinguished by the royal diadem. The youthful head +resembling Constantius the Great with the laurel crown, _Rev_. Two +military figures standing, with spears and bucklers, between them two +standards, _Ex._ S M N B., I have arranged in my cabinet, how far +rightly I know not, as that of Gallus. + +E.S.T. + + +"_She ne'er with treacherous Kiss_" (Vol. ii., p. 136.).--C.A.H. will +find the lines,-- + + "She ne'er with trait'rous kiss," &c. + +in a poem named "Woman," 2nd ed. p. 34., by Eaton Stannard Barrett, +Esq., published in 1818, by Henry Colburn, Conduit street. + +E.D.B. + + +_California_ (Vol. ii, p. 132.).--Your correspondent E.N.W. will find +earlier anticipations of "the golden harvest now gathering in +California," in vol. iii. of _Hakluyt's Voyages_, p. 440-442, where an +account is given of Sir F. Drake's taking possession of Nova Albion. + + "There is no part of earth here to bee taken up, wherein there + is not speciall likelihood of gold or silver." + +In Callendar's _Voyages_, vol. i. p. 303., and other collections +containing Sir F. Drake's voyage to Magellanica, there is the same +notice. The earth of the country seemed to promise very rich veins of +gold and silver, there being hardly any digging without throwing up some +of the ores of them. + +T.J. + + +_Bishops and their Precedence_ (Vol. ii., pp. 9. 76.)--The precedence of +bishops is regulated by the act of 31 Hen. VIII. c. 10., "for placing of +the Lords." Bishops are, in fact, temporal barons, and, as stated in +Stephen's _Blackstone_, vol. iii. pp. 5, 6., sit in the House of Peers +in right of succession to certain ancient baronies annexed, or supposed +to be annexed, to their episcopal lands; and as they have in addition +high spiritual rank, it is but right they should have place before those +who, in temporal rank only, are equal to them. This is, in effect, the +meaning of the reason given by Coke in part iii. of the Institutes, p. +361. ed. 1670, where, after noticing the precedence amongst the bishops +themselves, namely, 1. The Bishop of London, 2. The Bishop of Durham, 3. +The Bishop of Winchester, he observes: + + "But the other bishops have place above all the barons of the + realm, because they hold their bishopricks of the king per + baroniam; but they give place to viscounts, earls, marquesses, + and dukes." + +ARUN. + + +_Elizabeth and Isabel_ (Vol. i., pp. 439. 488.).--The title of Ælius +Antonius Nebressengis's history is, _Rerum a Fernando et Elisabe +Hispaniaram fælicissimis regibus gestarum Decades duæ_. + +J.B. + + +_Dr. Thomas Bever's Legal Polity of Great Britain_ (Vol. i., p. +483.).--Is J.R. aware that the principal part of the parish of Mortimer, +near Reading, as well as the manorial rights, belongs to a Richard +Benyon de Beauvoir, Esq., residing not very far from that spot, at +Englefield House, about five miles on the Newbury Road from Reading. +{255} This gentleman, whose original name was Powlett Wright, took the +name of De Beauvoir a few years back, as I understand, from succeeding +to the property of his relative, a Mr. Beevor or Bever. This gentleman +may, perhaps, be enabled to throw some light upon the family of Dr. +Bever. + +WP. + + +_Eikon Basilike_ (Vol. ii., p. 134.).--I would suggest to A.C. that the +circumstance of his copy of this work bearing on its cover "C.R.," +surmounted by a crown, may not be indicative of its having been in the +possession of royalty. It may have been, perhaps, not unusual to +occasionally so distinguish words of this description published in or +about that year (1660). I have a small volume entitled-- + + "The History of His Sacred Majesty Charles II. Begun from the + Murder of his royal father of Happy Memory, and continued to + this present year, 1660, by a person of quality. Printed for + _James Davies_, and are to be sold at the _Turk's Head in Ioy_ + Lane, and at the _Greyhound_ in _St. Paul's_ Church Yard, 1660." + +This volume is stamped in gold on both covers with C.R., surmounted by a +crown. + +E.B. PRICE. + + +_Earl of Oxford's Patent_ (Vol. ii., PP. 194. 235.).--LORD BRAYBROOKE no +doubt knows, that the preamble to the patent was written by Dean Swift. +(See _Journal to Stella_.) I would add, in reply to O.P.Q., that there +is no doubt that _assassin_ and _assassinate_ are properly used even +when death does not ensue. Not so _murder_ and _murderer_, which are +strict terms of _law_ to which _death_ is indispensable. + +C. + + +_Cave's Historia Litteraria_ (Vol. ii., p. 230.).--Part I. appeared at +London, 1688. An Appendix, by Wharton, followed, 1689. These were +reprinted, Geneva, 1693. Part II., Lond., 1698; repr. Genev., 1699. The +whole was reprinted, Genev., 1708 and 1720. After the author's death a +new and improved edition appeared, Oxon., 1740-43; rep. Basil, 1741-45. +I give the date 1708, not 1705, to the second Geneva impression, on the +authority of Walch. + +J.E.B. MAYOR. + + * * * * * + + +MISCELLANEOUS. + +NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC. + +Collections of Wills have always been regarded, and very justly so, as +among the most valuable materials which exist for illustrating the +social condition of the people at the period to which they belong. +Executed, as they must be, at moments the most solemn displaying, as we +cannot but believe they do, the real feelings which actuate the +testators; and having for their object the distribution of existing +property, and that of every possible variety of description, it is +obvious that they alike call for investigation, and are calculated to +repay any labour that may be bestowed upon them. It is therefore, +perhaps, somewhat matter of surprise that the Camden Society should not +hitherto have printed any of this interesting class of documents; and +that only in the twelfth year of its existence it should have given to +its members the very interesting volume of _Wills and Inventories from +the Registers of the Commissary of Bury St. Edmunds and the Archdeacon +of Sudbury_, which has been edited for the Society by Mr. Tymms, the +active and intelligent Treasurer and Secretary of the Bury and West +Suffolk ArchÊological Institute. The selection contains upwards of fifty +Wills, dated between 1370 and 1649, and the documents are illustrated by +a number of brief but very instructive notes; and as the volume is +rendered more useful by a series of very complete indices, we have no +doubt it will be as satisfactory to the members as it is creditable to +its editor. Mr. Tymms acknowledges his obligations to Mr. Way and Mr. J. +Gough Nicols: we are sure the Camden Society would be under still +greater obligations to those gentlemen if they could be persuaded to +undertake the production of the series of Lambeth Wills which was to +have been edited by the late Mr. Stapleton, with Mr. Way's assistance. + +When the proprietors of the _Gentleman's Magazine_ at the commencement +of the present year announced their projected improvements in that +periodical, we expressed our confidence that they would really and +earnestly put forth fresh claims to the favour of the public. Our +anticipations have been fully realised. Each succeeding number has shown +increased energy and talent in the "discovery and establishment of +historical truth in all its branches," and that the conductors of this +valuable periodical, the only "Historical Review" in the country, +continue to pursue these great objects faithfully and honestly, as in +times past, but more diligently and more undividedly. No student of +English history can now dispense with, no library which places +historical works upon its shelves can now be complete without _The +Gentleman's Magazine and Historical Review_. + +We have received the following Catalogues:--G. Willis's (Great Piazza, +Covent Garden) Catalogue No. 41. New Series of Second-hand Books, +Ancient and Modern; W.S. Lincoln's (Cheltenham House, Westminster Road) +Sixtieth (catalogue of Cheap Second-hand English and Foreign Books); C. +Hamilton's (4. Budge Place, City Road) Catalogue No. 41. of an important +Collection of the Cheapest Tracts, Books, Autographs, Manuscripts, +Original Drawings, &c. ever offered for sale. + + * * * * * + +NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS. + +MARTENS OR MERTENS THE PRINTER. _Will D.L. kindly furnish us with a copy +of the Note alluded to in his valuable communication in_ No. 42.? + +JUNIUS IDENTIFIED. MR. TAYLOR'S _Letter on his authorship of this volume +is unavoidably postponed until next week_. + +M., _who writes on the subject of_ Mr. Thomas's Account of the State +Paper Office, _will be glad to hear that a Calendar of the documents +contained in that department is in the press_. + + * * * * * {256} + +SECOND PART OF MR. ARNOLD'S GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. + +Now Ready, in 8vo., price 6s. 6d. + +A PRACTICAL INTRODUCTION TO GREEK PROSE COMPOSITION. Part Second. (On +the PARTICLES.) In this Part the Passages for Translation are of +considerable length. + +By the Rev. THOMAS KERCHEVER ARNOLD, M.A. Rector of Lyndon, and late +Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge. + +RIVINGTON, St. Paul's Church Yard, and Waterloo Place. + + * * * * * + +Of whom may be had, by the same Author, + +1. The SEVENTH EDITION of the FIRST PART. In 8vo. 6s. 6d. + +2. A PRACTICAL INTRODUCTION to GREEK ACCIDENCE. Fourth Edition. 8vo. 5s. +6d. + +3. A PRACTICAL INTRODUCTION to GREEK CONSTRUING. 6s. 6d. + +4. The FIRST GREEK BOOK; upon the plan of HENRY'S FIRST LATIN BOOK. 5s. +(The SECOND GREEK BOOK is in the Press.) + + * * * * * + +ARCH∆OLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND. + +The Central Committee of the Institute have considered a Resolution, +passed at a recent meeting of the British ArchÊological Association at +Manchester, August 24th, in reference to the expediency of promoting a +union between the Association and the Institute. The Committee desire to +give this public notice, that they are ready, as they have always been, +to admit members of the Association desirous of joining the Institute. +They have determined accordingly, that, in order to offer reasonable +encouragement to the members of the Association, they shall henceforth +be eligible without the payment of the customary entrance fee, on the +intimation of their wish to the Committee to be proposed for election. +Life-members of the Association shall be eligible as life-members on +payment of half the usual composition. All members of the Association +thus elected shall likewise have the privilege of acquiring the previous +publications of the Institute at the price to original subscribers. + +Apartments of the Institute, +26. Suffolk Street, Pall Mall, Sept. 9, 1850. + By order of the Central Committee, + H. BOWYER LANE, _Secretary._ + + * * * * * + +HANDBOOKS FOR THE CLASSICAL STUDENT (WITH QUESTIONS). under the General +Superintendence and Editorship of the Rev. T.K. ARNOLD. + +I. HANDBOOKS of HISTORY and GEOGRAPHY. From the German of P‹TZ. +Translated by the Rev. R.B. PAUL. + +1. Ancient History, 6s. 6d.: 2. MediÊval History, 4s. 6d.; 3. Modern +History, 5s., 6d. These works have been already translated into the +Swedish and Dutch languages. + +II. The ATHENIAN STAGE. From the German of WITZSCHEL. Translated by the +Rev. R.B. PAUL. 4s. + +III. HANDBOOK of GRECIAN ANTIQUITIES. 3s. 6d. HANDBOOK of ROMAN +ANTIQUITIES. 3s. 6d. From the Swedish of BOJESEN. Translated from Dr. +HOFFA'S German version by the Rev. R.B. PAUL. + +IV. HANDBOOKS of SYNONYMES: 1. Greek Synonymes. From the French of +PILLON. 6s. 6d. 2. Latin Synonymes. From the German of D÷DERLEIN 7s. 6d. +Translated by the Rev. H.H. ARNOLD. + +V. HANDBOOKS of VOCABULARY, 1. Green (in the press). 2. Latin. 3. French +(nearly ready). 4. German (nearly ready). + +RIVINGTON'S, St. Paul's Church Yard, and Waterloo Place. + + * * * * * + +Just Published, price 1s. 6d. THE TIPPETS OF THE CANONS ECCLESIASTICAL. +With illustrative Woodcuts, by G.J. FRENCH. + +Also, by the same author, price 6d. HINTS ON THE ARRANGEMENTS OF COLOURS +IN ANCIENT DECORATIVE ART. With some observations on the Theory of +Complementary Colours. + +GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + +Illustrated with numerous Woodcuts, 8vo, 10s. 6d. THE PRIMEVAL +ANTIQUITIES OF DENMARK. By J.J.A. WORSAAE, M.R.S.A., of Copenhagen. + +Translated and applied to the Illustration of similar Remains in +England; by WILLIAM J. THOMS, Esq., F.S.A., Secretary of the Camden +Society. + +JOHN HENRY PARKER, Oxford, and 337. Strand, London. + + * * * * * + +In a few days, in 8vo., AN EXAMINATION OF THE CENTURY QUESTION: to which +is added, A Letter to the Author of "Outlines of Astronomy," respecting +a certain peculiarity of the Gregorian System of Bissextile +compensation. + + "Judicio perpende: et si tibi vera videntur, + DEDE MANUS." + +GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + +Second Edition, with Illustrations, 12mos., 3s. cloth. + +THE BELL: its Origin, History, and Uses. By the Rev. ALFRED GATTY, Vicar +of Ecclesfield. + +"A new and revised edition of a very varied, learned, and amusing essay +on the subject of bells."--_Spectator._ + +GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + +Just Published, Octavo Edition, plain, 15s.; Quarto Edition, having the +Plates of the Tesselated Pavements all coloured, 1l. 5s. + +REMAINS of ROMAN ART in Cirencester, the Site of Ancient Corinium: +containing Plates by De la Motte, of the magnificent Tesselated +Pavements discovered in August and September, 1849, with copies of the +grand Heads of Ceres, Flora, and Pomona; reduced by the Talbotype from +facsimile tracings of the original; together with various other plates +and numerous wood engravings. + +In the Quarto edition the folding of the plates necessary for the +smaller volume is avoided. + +"The recent discoveries made at Cirencester have been the means of +enlisting in the cause of archÊlogy two intelligent and energetic +associates, to whose exertions we are mainly indebted for the +preservation of the interesting remains brought to light, and our +obligations are increased by the able manner in which they have +described and illustrated them in the volume now under notice. + +"These heads" (Ceres, Flora, and Pomona) are of a high order of art, and +Mr. De la Motte, by means of the Talbotype, has so successfully reduced +them that the engravings are perfect facsimiles of the originals. They +are, perhaps, the best of the kind, every tessella apparently being +represented. + +"Our authors have very advantageously brought to their task a knowledge +of geology and chemistry, and the important aid which an application of +these sciences confers on archÊology is strikingly shown in the chapter +on the materials of the tesselle, which also includes a valuable report +by Dr. VOELCKER, on an analysis of ruby glass, which formed part of the +composition of one of the Cirencester pavements. This portion of the +volume is too elaborate and circumstantial for any justice to be done to +it in an extract."--_Gentleman's Mag., Sept._ + +London: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + +Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, in the Parish +of St. Bride, in the City of London; and published by GEORGE BELL, of +No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the +City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street +aforesaid.--Saturday, September 14. 1850. + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 46, Saturday, September 14, 1850, by Various + +*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 13462 *** |