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| author | Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org> | 2025-10-15 04:37:15 -0700 |
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| committer | Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org> | 2025-10-15 04:37:15 -0700 |
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diff --git a/11566-h/11566-h.htm b/11566-h/11566-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5ec2d98 --- /dev/null +++ b/11566-h/11566-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,1870 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> + +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> +<head> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> + + <title>The Mirror of Literature, Volume XIX. No. 533.</title> + + <style type="text/css"> + <!-- + body {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%;} + p {text-align: justify;} + blockquote {text-align: justify;} + h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 {text-align: center;} + pre {font-size: 0.7em;} + + hr {text-align: center; width: 50%;} + html>body hr {margin-right: 25%; margin-left: 25%; width: 50%;} + hr.full {width: 100%;} + html>body hr.full {margin-right: 0%; margin-left: 0%; width: 100%;} + hr.short {text-align: center; width: 20%;} + html>body hr.short {margin-right: 40%; margin-left: 40%; width: 20%;} + + .note, .footnote + {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; font-size: 0.9em;} + + span.pagenum + {position: absolute; left: 1%; right: 91%; font-size: 8pt;} + + .poem + {margin-left:10%; margin-right:10%; margin-bottom: 1em; text-align: left;} + .poem .stanza {margin: 1em 0em 1em 0em;} + .poem p {margin: 0; padding-left: 3em; text-indent: -3em;} + .poem p.i2 {margin-left: 1em;} + .poem p.i4 {margin-left: 2em;} + .poem p.i6 {margin-left: 3em;} + .poem p.i8 {margin-left: 4em;} + .poem p.i10 {margin-left: 5em;} + .poem p.i14 {margin-left: 9em;} + + .figure + {padding: 1em; margin: 0; text-align: center; font-size: 0.8em; margin: auto;} + .figure img + {border: none;} + .figure p + + .side { float:right; + font-size: 75%; + width: 25%; + padding-left:10px; + border-left: dashed thin; + margin-left: 10px; + text-align: left; + text-indent: 0; + font-weight: bold; + font-style: italic;} + --> + </style> +</head> +<body> +<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 11566 ***</div> + + <hr class="full" /> + +<span class="pagenum"> + <a id="page81" + name="page81"> + </a>[pg 81] +</span> + + <h1>THE MIRROR<br /> + OF<br /> + LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION.</h1> + <hr class="full" /> + + <table width="100%" summary="Volume, Number, and Date"> + <tr> + <td align="left"><b>VOL. XIX. NO. 533.]</b></td> + <td align="center"><b>SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 11, 1832.</b></td> + <td align="right"><b>[PRICE 2d.</b></td> + </tr> + </table> + <hr class="full" /> + +<h2>CASCADE AT VIRGINIA WATER.</h2> + +<div class="figure" style="width:100%;"> + <a href="images/533-001.png"> + <img width = "100%" src="images/533-001.png" alt="CASCADE AT VIRGINIA WATER." /> + </a> +</div> + +<span class="pagenum"> + <a id="page82" + name="page82"> + </a>[pg 82] +</span> + +<p> +This has been described as "perhaps the most striking imitation we have of +the great works of nature:" at all events, it has less of the mimicry of +art than similar works on a smaller scale. +</p> +<p> +Virginia Water will be recollected as the largest sheet of artificial +water in the kingdom, with the exception of that at Blenheim. Near the +high Southampton road it forms the above cascade, descending into a glen +romantically shaded with plantations of birch, willow, and acacia: +</p> +<div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Hollowly here the gushing water sounds</p> + <p>With a mysterious voice; one might pause</p> + <p>Upon its echoes till it seemeth a noise</p> + <p>Of fathomless wilds where man had never walked.</p> + </div> +</div> +<p> +Or it may be described in the graphic words of Thomson: +</p> +<div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>With woods o'erhung, and shagg'd with mossy rocks,</p> + <p>Whence on each side the gushing waters play,</p> + <p>And down the rough cascade white dashing fall,</p> + <p>Or gleam in lengthened vista through the trees.</p> + </div> +</div> +<p> +Beside the cascade is a stone cave, "moss-o'ergrown," constructed with +fragments of immense size and curious shape that were originally dug up at +Bagshot Heath, and are supposed to be the remains of a Saxon cromlech. At +the base of this fall, it becomes a running stream, and after winding +through part of Surrey, falls into the Thames at Chertsey. +</p> +<p> +The reader will remember Virginia Water as the favourite retreat of the +late King; and this embellishment, (if so artificial a term can be applied +to a cascade,) was made at the bidding of the Royal taste. It is perhaps +the most successful of all the contrivances hereabout to aid the natural +enchantment of the scene. We believe the present Court are not so fervent +in their attachment to this resort; its seclusion must, however, be a +delightful relief to the costly cares of state, and the superb suites of +Windsor Castle. A scene of wild nature, such as the annexed is intended to +represent, is more acceptable to our sight than all the quarterings on the +ceiling of St. George's Hall, though they resemble the pattern-cards of +chivalry. +</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>LACONICS, &c.</h3> + +<p> +Our natural disposition to evil is evident in this: that vice tracks out +its own path and stands in need of no instructor; while it requires not +only example but discipline to initiate us in virtue. +</p> +<p> +We both read and hear bitter complaints about the uncertainty of human +affairs; and yet it is that uncertainty alone that gives life its relish, +for novelty is the real and radical cause of all our enjoyments. +</p> +<p> +There is a great outcry against fools on the part of the knaves, but +rather with some want of policy; for if there were no fools in the world +cunning men would have but a bad trade of it. +</p> +<p> +The faults of a fool are concealed from himself while they are evident to +the world; on the other hand the faults of the wise man are well known to +himself, while they are masked over and invisible to the world. +</p> +<p> +It has been said that "there is a pleasure in being mad that none but +madmen know;" but this only applies to that species of madness which is +produced by an excess of imagination eventually overpowering the judgment. +</p> +<p> +The insincerity of a friend has often inclined men to seek for a surer +reliance upon money; these unexpected shocks make us disgusted with our +species, and it is for this reason that old men who have seen so much of +the world become at last avaricious. +</p> +<p> +The only result an inquirer after truth can derive from metaphysics will +be to find himself silenced for the present; they rarely convince, and for +the most part mislead. +</p> +<p> +All the discoveries made within the last century were ridiculed and +treated with contempt by our forefathers; yet we are equally prejudiced +and hostile to all those improvements proposed to us, which will in all +probability be adopted by our children. +</p> +<p> +All those animals who are associated with man become immediately +participants in his misery: when once domesticated they become liable to +disease, whereas in a wild state they could have perished only from age or +accident. +</p> +<p> +If we subtract from the twenty-four hours the time spent in eating, +sleeping, exercise, and the other indispensable cares of our existence, +what a fraction of time is employed on our intellectual faculties! Again, +there are few who have the means to enable them to study; fewer the talent +requisite; and still fewer the inclination, if they have the ability. +</p> +<p> +The force of habit affects even our palates; we in time acquire a relish +for what was once perfectly nauseous. The Greenlander detests turtle soup +as much as we abominate train oil. +</p> +<p> +Courage, or a contempt of danger, is a mere animal quality, and being only +the result of a particular formation, is entitled to no merit, though it +may demand our applause: but moral, or acquired courage, is a very +different thing. A man who is fortunate in the world and has a sacrifice +to make, if he conducts himself with spirit, is also more entitled to our +admiration than a mere desperado. +</p> +<p> +F. +</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>HAMET AND RASCHID.</h3> +<h4>AN EASTERN TALE, VERSIFIED. +<a id="footnotetag1" + name="footnotetag1"> +</a> +<sup> + <a href="#footnote1">1 + </a> +</sup> +</h4> + +<div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>The sultry sun had gain'd the middle sky,</p> + <p>Reigning above in cloudless majesty,</p> + <p>When deep engag'd in pray'r, two neighbouring swains</p> + <p>Knelt where the common bound divides their plains.</p> + <p>Hamet and Raschid;—whilst their flocks around</p> + <p>Panting with thirst, or dying, strew the ground,</p> +<span class="pagenum"> + <a id="page83" + name="page83"> + </a>[pg 83] +</span> + <p>With hands uplift they beg their god in pray'r,</p> + <p>Themselves to pity, and their flocks to spare.</p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Sudden the air grew calm, no zephyr stirr'd,</p> + <p>Through all the valley not a sound was heard,</p> + <p>That instant hush'd was all the vocal grove,</p> + <p>And sounds aerial warbled from above:</p> + <p>Around each shepherd cast his wond'ring eye,</p> + <p>And down the vale was seen advancing nigh,</p> + <p>A mighty Being, whom when near he stood,</p> + <p>They knew that Genius who distributes good;</p> + <p>The sheaves of plenty in his hand they see,</p> + <p>In that the avenging sword of misery.</p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>As nearer still the mighty Being drew,</p> + <p>Trembling they stood, and knew not what to do;</p> + <p>When lo! the Genius breath'd these solemn strains,</p> + <p>Soft as the breeze that cools Saboea's plains:—</p> + <p>"Children of dust! approach, fly not your friend,</p> + <p>I leave the heavens above, my aid to lend;</p> + <p>Water you seek, and water I bestow,</p> + <p>But ere you ask, this useful lesson know:—</p> + <p>Whate'er the body for its use enjoys,</p> + <p>Excess no less than scarcity destroys;</p> + <p>Demand no more than what your wants require,</p> + <p>Let Hamet tell me first his heart's desire."</p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>"O, Being, great, beneficent and kind,</p> + <p>Pardon the fear that overspreads my mind;</p> + <p>On me, great God, a little brook bestow,</p> + <p>That winter rains may never overflow,</p> + <p>And when the summer droughts commence their reign,</p> + <p>Stretch forth thy hand and let the brook remain."</p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>"'Tis yours," with accents mild the Genius cried,</p> + <p>Streams, as he speaks, o'er all the meadows glide,</p> + <p>A fresher green the fragrant shrubs display,</p> + <p>And every leaf in trembling cheers the day;</p> + <p>Slaking their raging thirst, the flocks are seen,</p> + <p>And new-born herbage clothes the earth in green.</p> + <p>"This trifling wish befits a little soul,</p> + <p>Let the great Ganges o'er my meadows roll!"</p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Thus Raschid spoke, and thus the God replies,</p> + <p>Rage, as he spoke, rode sparkling in his eyes:—</p> + <p>"Insatiate man, this boundless wish recall</p> + <p>Ere ruin whelm yourself, your flocks and all;</p> + <p>See you these sheaves?—Now mark this dreadful sword,</p> + <p>Those are the wise man's—this the fool's reward."</p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>In vain he spoke; and hark, what meets the ear,</p> + <p>The raging flood is now approaching near;</p> + <p>Onward it rolls, o'erwhelming Raschid's plains,</p> + <p>All things it sweeps, and not a tree remains,</p> + <p>His flocks, his herds, the mighty stream o'erpours,</p> + <p>Himself (rash man) a crocodile devours.</p> + </div> +</div> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>A FRAGMENT.</h3> +<div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>On a fork of lightning which sped through heaven,</p> + <p class="i2">He rode to space's naught,</p> + <p>And with the flash of a star which his flight had riven,</p> + <p class="i2">(The which in his hand of light he caught)</p> + <p class="i2">He writ with that flash his burning thought,</p> + <p>On the roll of darkness space had given.</p> + </div> +</div> + +<hr class="full" /> +<h2>USEFUL DOMESTIC HINTS.</h2> +<hr /> +<h3>SHAVINGS.</h3> +<h4><i>(For the Mirror.)</i></h4> +<p> +Disposed as we are to give the Scotch full credit for superior domestic +economy, a practice which we had frequently an opportunity of observing, +some five or six years since in Edinburgh, astonished us, we confess, not +a little; and which, had we heard of, not beheld, we should rather have +been inclined to attribute to our thoughtless Hibernian neighbours. +</p> +<p> +Every English housemaid knows, if every housekeeper does not, that +shavings make a most valuable fuel; for lighting fires they are preferable +to those faggots, small bundles of which fetch in London, and large +provincial towns, what may be considered a high price, as they commonly +swell the weekly expenditure of every family. In Edinburgh, at the period +to which we allude, a great deal of building was going on, and it was +impossible to walk the streets without passing, (especially in the +immediate environs) new houses in various stages of completion; but +invariably we found, that the custom of the workmen was, to collect in +heaps the shavings from the carpenter's work, and burn with other rubbish, +these, which might have been sold for fuel very advantageously; nor was +the waste of this practice the only thing to be reprehended; it was +dangerous, since such bonfires were lighted before the houses in the open +streets, to the great peril of passengers, and at the risk of frightening +horses and other cattle, as the high winds prevalent in our northern +metropolis carried about in all directions the light, blazing shavings, +and sparks. +</p> +<p> +M.L.B. +</p> + +<hr /> + + +<h3>FEATHERS.</h3> + +<h4><i>(For the Mirror.)</i></h4> + +<p> +Valuable as are feathers, and essential as is that article, a feather-bed, +to the domestic comforts of the poor, who can rarely afford to purchase +one, it has often struck us, as a singular want of thought and economy in +humble cottagers residing on village-greens or commons, upon which much +poultry is kept, that they should not collect, (a work easily performed by +the youngest children) the numerous soft, short, downy feathers, which may +be observed floating about. These in time would amount to a quantity worth +consideration, but they are usually left, first to litter the land, and +secondly to be +<span class="pagenum"> + <a id="page84" + name="page84"> + </a>[pg 84] +</span> + destroyed by rain and passengers. This is particularly the +case in Norfolk, celebrated as everybody knows as well for its geese as +its turkeys, and where, it is asserted, that the former fowls undergo +regular pluckings for the sake of their feathers, ere submitted to "the +poulterer's knife." But experience, unfortunately, only confirms the old +observation, that "the poor are the worst economists in the world," and +the least obedient of any people to our Saviour's command: "Gather up the +fragments, that nothing be lost." +</p> +<p> +M.L.B. +</p> + +<hr /> +<h3>TO TAKE INK OUT OF PAPER, AND STAINS OUT OF CLOTH, SILKS, &C.</h3> + +<p> +Mix one teaspoonful of burnt alum, 1/4 oz. of salt of lemons, 1/4 oz. of +oxalic acid, in a bottle, with half-a-pint of cold water; to be used by +wetting a piece of calico with it, and rubbing it on the spots. +</p> +<p> +S. AE. +</p> + +<hr class="full" /> +<h2>THE SELECTOR; AND LITERARY NOTICES OF <i>NEW WORKS</i>.</h2> +<hr /> +<h3>LADIES AND DWARFS.</h3> + +<p> +One of the oddest of all odd books that ever fell into our hands is +Captain Colville Franckland's <i>Narrative of a Visit to the Courts of +Russia and Sweden</i>, in 1830 and 1831. It is one of the hop-step-and-a-jump +tours that your fashionable folks make for making acquaintances and then +making books. The gallant author does not stay long enough in a place to +be dull; for he is lively and flippant in every page, and throws a dash of +<i>the service</i> into every chapter. He feels that Dr. Granville has left him +nothing to say which may not be found in his two great big books; yet the +Cholera and the Polish war have supplied him with two topics throughout +the whole book; and, dull as these subjects are in themselves, they have +enabled our tourist to produce a rambling, rattling, frolicsome work of +seven or eight hundred pages. His attentions to the softer sex sparkle +every where. At Hamburgh, "we dined at a most excellent table d'hote, but +thought the ladies plain and dowdy." "We laughed much at the Holsteiner +peasantry, the women being dressed like devils, and men like +merry-andrews." Again,— +</p> +<p> +"One of the most pleasing characteristics of Hamburgh, is the neat little, +rosy-faced, fair-haired soubrette, tripping along the Yungferstieg, with a +basket under her right arm, covered with a handsome shawl of glowing +colours. These enticing damsels look as happy and as coquettish as you can +well imagine, and might induce many a traveller to pass a few weeks in +Hamburgh who had time to dedicate to the pursuit of the fair nymphs of the +Alster. +</p> +<p> +"But, alas! no good is unaccompanied by evil; hideously deformed dwarfs +haunt the streets and promenades of the good town, and the eye of the +observer, after having rested with complacency on the round and +well-turned form of the smart soubrette, reverts with horror to the +miserable Flibbertigibbets which abound in a frightful proportion to the +whole population." +</p> +<p> +At Hamburgh he finds fun in every thing. +</p> +<p> +"I was a good deal amused to-day by the funeral cortège of some citizen of +consequence. The bier was surrounded by men dressed in the old Venetian +costume of black, with ruffs, well-powdered wigs, and swords by their +sides. I regret to say that I must quit Hamburgh without seeing the Schöne +Marianna; but I hear she is now rather <i>passèe</i>, and I must console myself +for this mortification by gazing upon the first pair of bright eyes which +I shall meet to-morrow on my route to Kiel." +</p> +<p> +The Russian dwarfs afford our Captain much amusement. +</p> +<p> +"Madame Divoff, like many other Russian ladies, has a dwarf in her house, +who remains constantly with the company. He is less ugly and disagreeable +than others of his species. La Princesse Serge Gallitzin has a little +fellow of this sort; the Lisianskis have also one in constant attendance. +The pretty Mademoiselle Rosetti, two evenings ago, kept caressing the +dwarf at Madame Divoff's ball. ('Beauty and the Beast,' said I to her; +'Zemir et Azor.') +</p> +<p> +"At a very agreeable family party at the Prince Paul Gallitzin's were +masks; and a party of male and female dwarfs; these droll little urchins +were all very well made and good-looking; they frisked and frolicked about +with the children of the house as if they themselves were not (as in +reality they were) men and women, but children likewise. One of these poor +little mortals, equipped as an officer of hussars, danced a mazurka with +great grace and activity, and selected for his partner the <i>Gouvernante</i>, +a fine, fat bouncing woman of twenty-five. He likewise, at my request, +sang a Russian romance, which he accompanied on the piano-forte: his +<span class="pagenum"> + <a id="page85" + name="page85"> + </a>[pg 85] +</span> + voice +was a very plaintive, but weak barytone. The kindness of the Russian +nobles to these unfortunate beings does infinite honour to the national +character." +</p> +<p> +We have only time for another extract or two. At Moscow, he notes: +</p> +<p> +"I passed the remainder of the evening at the Princess Dolgorouki's; the +young ladies were in great agitation on account of the sudden +indisposition of their mother, Madame Boulgakow, who had, it seems, caught +cold in her return from the monastery of Troitza, sixty wersts from hence, +a renowned pilgrimage. She had better have stayed at home, for surely +Moscow has sufficient churches in which bigots may pray as long as they +please. When will superstition cease to usurp the place of true religion +in the human mind? I did not pity the <i>old devotee</i>, but I felt for the +young ladies, who seemed to be a good deal flurried and fluttered by this +occurrence." +</p> +<p> +At St. Petersburg: +</p> +<p> +"June 8-20.—Weather hot and sultry. At two I walked to the Summer Gardens, +which I found full of police-officers and soldiers. To-day there is a +celebrated promenade, that in which the young fillies range themselves in +two rows along the principal alley to be chosen by their future spouse. +However, it was as yet too early for this exhibition, and there was nobody +here except police-officers, the very sight of whom makes me sick; so off +I set, and was caught near the Newski Prospekt in a tremendous +thunder-storm, which forced me to take shelter, first under the arch of a +<i>porte-cochere</i>, and secondly in the Casan Church, in which I discovered +for the first time the bâton of Marshal Davoust, stuck up in a glass-case +against one of the piers supporting the dome of the Church. Underneath the +bâton, upon a gilded metal-plate, are two inscriptions, the one in Russ, +the other in Latin, which state that the bâton is that of Marshal Davoust, +taken near Crasnoe, 5th Nov. 1812; so there can be no doubt of the fact." +</p> +<p> +"I was a good deal amused with a bad painting over the simple unassuming +tomb of the immortal Kutusoff, representing the Kremlin, the church of +Ivan Blagennoi, and a procession of priests marching out of the former by +the Holy Gate towards the latter. Kutusoff's tomb is shaded by banners +taken from the Poles, the Prussians, and the French, having at the ends of +their staffs, the eagles of the two former, and the horse of the latter." +</p> + +<hr /> +<h3>LE JARDIN DES PLANTES.</h3> + +<p> +Mrs. Watts's charming Juvenile Annual, the <i>New Year's Gift</i>, furnishes +the following admirable model of a descriptive letter from the French +capital. +</p> +<p> +"The day following the one on which we were at Versailles, we spent in +visiting the Garden of Plants; this institution (if I may so call it) is a +little on the same plan as our Zoological Garden, and is said to be quite +unrivalled in the whole world. It contains curiosities of every age, and +from every quarter of the globe. The gardens, which cover more than a +hundred acres of ground, are filled with every plant that can be reared in +France, either naturally or by artificial means, from the lordly palm to +the humble potato. +</p> +<p> +"One enclosure is filled with every specimen of shrub that is capable of +being made to form a fence, from the prickly holly, of forty feet high, to +the dwarf-box, scarcely an inch above the ground. +</p> +<p> +"In another place, we see specimens of all the various modes of training +fruit, and other kinds of trees, which the ingenuity of man has been able +to accomplish—this is peculiarly interesting. Here, a tree is trained to +resemble a large basin, another is made to look like a gigantic umbrella, +and a third like a lady's fan. +</p> +<p> +"In one enclosure are collected together all the various specimens of +culinary vegetables that have usually been appropriated to the sustenance +of mankind; these, you will readily believe, occupy no small space; and +near them, are to be seen specimens of all the varieties of fruit trees of +which France and its neighbouring kingdoms can boast. +</p> +<p> +"In addition to all this, there are extensive green-houses and hot-houses, +filled with many thousand of the choicest plants, attached to each of +which is its scientific and its common name. Many of them were extremely +curious; I tried to remember so many, that I find I confound one with +another, and now I can scarcely recollect any, save the useful bread tree, +the curious coffee plant, and the tempting sugar cane, all of which are to +be seen here to great advantage. +</p> +<p> +"Attached to this beautiful garden, is a splendid museum, containing all +sorts of treasures connected with natural history. Here are to be seen +more than two hundred varieties of monkeys only; of birds, there are +myriads; and one or two species are shown, that are believed to be the +only ones of the kind extant; these, of course, are not alive. Here are +also collected hundreds of bird's nests, +<span class="pagenum"> + <a id="page86" + name="page86"> + </a>[pg 86] +</span> + of all shapes, kinds and sizes, +from one almost as large as a hand basin, to one about the size of a green +gage plum: most of these contain eggs of such kinds of birds as those to +whom the nests belonged; and indeed the ingenuity with which many of these +little houses are constructed, surprised me more than any thing I ever +before witnessed. The collection of butterflies too is most remarkable, +from one the size of a plate, to those of the smallest size. +</p> +<p> +"In the same building is also to be seen a most extensive assortment of +minerals, spars, gems, ores, crystals, medals, etc. etc., which merely to +enumerate singly, would more than fill a long letter. We next saw the +Museum of Zoology: this contains reptiles and fish, innumerable, and of +which I can only say, how wonderful are their varieties! I must not, +however, forget to tell you that we saw a part of an elephant's tusk, +which when complete is believed to have been at least eight feet in length. +Only imagine what must have been the height of the possessor of such a +pair of tusks! Here too we saw the skeleton of an enormous whale that was +captured on the coast of France; and from the size of its jaw bones, I can +readily believe the old story, that the tongue of the whale is as large as +a feather bed. +</p> +<p> +"But the whale's was not the only skeleton which we saw,—here were +collected and strung together, the bones of men, women, children, +quadrupeds, birds, reptiles, and fish to form perfect specimens.—All this +was very remarkable: but I cannot say that I much admired them, though I +was much struck by the sight of an Egyptian mummy, embalmed and unwrapped, +and supposed to have been in its present state far more than a thousand +years. We none of us very much enjoyed the sight of the dead specimens, we +therefore gladly left them, in order to pay our respects to their living +neighbours, whose houses were not very far off. +</p> +<p> +"The Garden of Plants contains a very considerable number of wild animals, +and who all appear to be living very much at their ease. Indeed they are +surrounded with every thing that can be devised to render their captivity +as little irksome as possible. They are confined it is true; not in narrow +cages, but in wide enclosures; around them grow trees of their own country, +and under their feet springs the herbage of which they are most fond. The +Polar bear is indulged with a fountain of water, and when the camel is +inclined for a nap he reposes on a bed of sand. Of the usefulness of this +animal I must not omit to give you an instance, and that is, that so far +from eating the bread of idleness, he actually more than earns his living +by raising all the water that is used in these extensive grounds, and thus +he may be regarded as a general benefactor to all the plants and animals +by which he is surrounded. So much for the king's garden as it is +sometimes called; to attend all its different branches no less than a +hundred and sixty persons are constantly employed, and to keep it up +nearly twelve thousand pounds is annually expended. This of course +includes the expenses of travellers who are sent abroad by the French +Government to collect new treasures to enrich this wonderful place, which +may truly be called the museum of the world." +</p> +<p> +By the way, if it be not too late, we recommend parents to peep into this +pretty little volume for masters and misses. If "Black Monday" is past, +the "Gift" will still be acceptable: it will make school-time pass as +happily as a holiday. +</p> + +<hr class="full" /> +<h2>RETROSPECTIVE GLEANINGS.</h2> +<hr /> +<h3>ANCIENT NAVY OF ENGLAND.</h3> +<h4><i>(To the Editor.)</i></h4> + +<p> +Allow me to make a few observations in addition to those in a paper signed +<i>G.K.</i> in No. 528 of <i>The Mirror</i>. Your correspondent commences with +Julius Caesar, and passes over the period intervening between him and King +Edgar; and from him till the time of King John. Now, prior to Caesar's +invasion of this island, and during the wars between the Romans and Gauls, +Caswallwn or Cassivelaunus, sent a numerous body of troops to assist the +Armoricans, or natives of Brittany, against the Romans; Caesar himself, +says, that his project of invading this country arose from the +intelligence he received of the aid the Gauls derived from the Britons; +therefore I consider that the mode, let it be what it would, deserved +somewhat of the name of a fleet, if not in the modern sense of the word. +Caesar says they had large, open vessels, with keels and masts made of +wood, and the other parts covered with hides; and about the year 384, +Cynan Meiriadog, a chieftain of North Wales, sailed to Armorica with a +great body of followers, to support the cause of Maximus, an aspirant to +the Roman throne. +</p> +<p> +Berkeley, in his <i>Naval History</i>, p. 49, says, that at the time of the +Saxon +<span class="pagenum"> + <a id="page87" + name="page87"> + </a>[pg 87] +</span> + invasion, Gurthefyr or Vortimer, King of the Britons, with a fleet, +opposed the Saxons under Hengist; and after an obstinate engagement, the +Britons were victorious, notwithstanding the inferiority of their vessels +to those of the Saxons, both in number and size. +</p> +<p> +The Welsh, at the time of King Alfred, must have had some knowledge of +nautical architecture and affairs, (according to Berkeley's <i>Naval +History</i>, p. 69,) for the great Alfred discovering the necessity of +establishing a naval force for the purpose of resisting the incursions of +the Danes, prevailed on several natives of Wales to superintend its +construction, and subsequently conferred on them some of the most +distinguished posts in his fleet. And as a proof of the nautical spirit of +the Welsh, we have the fact of Prince Madog, son of Owain Gwynedd, about +the year 1170, going on a voyage in search of a new country, where he +would be free from the dreadful dissensions which were ravaging his native +country. +</p> +<p> +<i>Caer Ludd</i>. +</p> +<p> +CYMMRO. +</p> + +<hr /> +<h3>ENGLISH PUNISHMENTS IN THE REIGN OF CHARLES II.</h3> +<h4><i>(For the Mirror.)</i></h4> + +<p> +Impoysonments, so ordinarily in Italy, are so abominable amongst English, +as 21 Henry VIII. it was made high treason, though since repealed; after +which the punishment for it was to be put alive into a caldron of water, +and then boiled to death; at present it is felony without benefit of +clergy. +</p> +<p> +If a criminal indicted of petit treason, or felony, refuseth to answer or +to put himself upon a legal tryal, then for such standing mute and +contumacy, he is presently to undergo that horrible punishment called +<i>Peine forte et dure</i>; that is, to be sent back to the prison from whence +he came, and there laid in some low, dark room, upon the bare ground, on +his back, all naked, his arms and legs drawn with cords, fastened to the +several corners of the room; then shall be laid upon his body, iron and +stone, so much as he may bear, or more; the next day he shall have three +morsels of barley bread without drink, and the third day shall have drink +of the water next to the prison door, except it be running water, without +bread; and this shall be his diet till he die. Which grievous kind of +death some stout fellows have sometimes chosen, that so not being tryed +and convicted of their crimes, their estates may not be forfeited to the +king, but descend to their children, nor their blood stained. +</p> +<p> +Perjury, by bearing false witness upon oath, is punished with the pillory, +called <i>Callistrigium</i>, burnt in the forehead with a P, his trees growing +upon his ground to be rooted up, and his goods confiscated. +</p> +<p> +G.K. +</p> + +<hr /> +<h3>PORTRAIT OF CHRIST.</h3> +<h4><i>(For the Mirror.)</i></h4> + +<p> +The following extract is from a manuscript in the possession of the family +of Kelly, now in Lord Kelly's library, which was taken from the original +letter of Publius Lentulus at Rome. +</p> +<p> +It being the usual custom of the Roman governors to advertise the senate +and people of Rome of such material things as happened in their provinces, +in the days of the Emperor Tiberius Caesar, Publius Lentulus, President of +Judaea, wrote the following epistle to the senate, respecting Our Saviour +Jesus Christ. +</p> +<p> +"There appeared in these our days, a man of great virtue, named Jesus +Christ, who is yet living amongst us, and of the Gentiles he is accepted +as a Prophet of Truth; but his disciples call him the Son of God. He +raiseth the dead, and cureth all manner of diseases: a man of stature +somewhat tall and comely, with very reverend countenance, such as +beholders may both love and fear: his hair is of the colour of the +chestnut, full ripe, plain to his ears, whence downward it is more orient, +curling and waving about his shoulders; in the middle of his head is a +seam or partition of his hair, after the manner of the Nazarites; his face +without spot or wrinkles, beautified with a living red; his nose and mouth +so formed as nothing can be represented; his beard thickish, in colour +like his hair, not very long, but forked; his look innocent and mature; +his eyes grey, clear, and quick. In reproving he is terrible; in +admonishing, courteous and fair spoken—pleasant in conversation, mixed +with gravity. It cannot be recollected that any have seen him laugh, but +many have seen him weep. In proportion of body most excellent; his hands +and arms most delectable to behold; in speaking, very temperate, modest, +and wise. A man for his singular beauty far surpassing the children of +men." +</p> +<p> +VERITAS. +</p> + +<hr /> +<span class="pagenum"> + <a id="page88" + name="page88"> + </a>[pg 88] +</span> + +<h3>BRIGHTON IN 1743.</h3> +<div class="figure" style="width:100%;"> + <a href="images/533-001.png"> + <img width = "100%" src="images/533-002.png" alt="BRIGHTON IN 1743." /> + </a> +</div> + +<p> +(Whoever has enjoyed the natural beauties or artificial luxuries of +BRIGHTON—the <i>Daphne</i> of our metropolis—will feel some curiosity +respecting its origin and progress from an obscure fishing-town to such a +focus of wealth and fashion as at this moment it presents. The celebrity +of Brighton, we may observe, extends throughout the empire, and is almost +as well known to the plodding and stay-at-home townsman of the north as to +the luxurious idler ever and anon in quest of new pleasures. As the +occasional abode of the Royal Family, its name has figured in the Court +records of the last half century. Of late years, however, Brighton has +assumed an extent and importance which may be referred to a spirit of +speculative enterprise unparalleled in the fortunes of any other town in +the United Kingdom. Not only has a palace, but squares of palatial +mansions, terraces, crescents, and streets, nay, very towns of splendid +houses, have sprung up with fairy-like rapidity; and Brighton has thus +become, not merely a fashionable resort for the season, but a place of +permanent residence for a very large proportion of wealthy individuals. +Our present purpose is, however, to illustrate the past obscurity and not +the present high palmy state of Brighton. Our own recollections would +carry us back nearly a score of years, when the Pavilion or Marine Palace +was a plain, neat, villa-like building, with verandas to command a +prospect of the sea; and when the Steines scarcely merited the designation +of enclosures: when a roomy yellow-washed mansion occupied the upper end +of the old Steine, and was pointed to as once the house of Dr. Russell, to +whom Brighton owes much of its early fame; its site being now occupied by +a superb hotel: when Phoebe Hassell and Martha Gunn were the lionesses of +the place—the one by land and the other by sea: and when not a carriage +entered Brighton without the electioneering salute of half a score of blue +gownswomen with cards of their crazy machines to give you a +tenancy-at-will of the ocean. But, our quoted particulars of Brighton +invest it with a much earlier interest than our brief memory can supply. +They are historical as well as topographical, from the primitive records +of the place, and are accompanied by a view of the town from the sea, as +it appeared in the year 1743, or about 90 years since. For this and the +interesting details which accompany it we are indebted to a History of +Brighthelmston published by Dr. Anthony Rhelan towards the close of the +last century, and lately edited and reprinted by Mr. Mitchell of Brighton, +with the benevolent intention of aiding the funds of the Sussex County +Infirmary, by the profits arising from the sale of the work. It requires +an almost microscopic eye to distinguish the buildings in the Cut. The +Royal standard on the fort, is, by an error of the artist, +disproportionally large.) +<span class="pagenum"> + <a id="page89" + name="page89"> + </a>[pg 89] +</span> + The town of Brighthelmston, +<a id="footnotetag2" + name="footnotetag2"> +</a> +<sup> + <a href="#footnote2">2 + </a> +</sup> in the county of +Sussex, is situated on the banks of the sea, at the bottom of a bay of the +same name, formed to the east by Beachy-Head, and by Worthing point to the +West. +</p> +<p> +The bay is a bold and deep shore exposed to the open sea: from the banks +or cliffs a clean gravel runs to the sea terminating in a hard sand, free +from every mixture of ooze, and those offensive beds of mud, so frequently +found at the mouths of rivers, and on many shores. +</p> +<p> +The town is built on a rising hill with a south-east exposition; defended +towards the north by hills, whose ascent is easy, and view pleasing; +bounded on the west by a fruitful and extensive cornfield, descending +gently from the Downs to the banks of the sea, and leading to Shoreham; +and on the east by a most beautiful lawn called the Steine, which runs +winding up into the country among hills, to the distance of some miles. +</p> +<p> +The soil here, and over all the south Downs, is a chalk rock covered with +earth of various kinds and depths in different places. +</p> +<p> +The country round Brighthelmston is open and free from woods, and finely +diversified with hills and valleys. Hence the advantage of exercise may be +always enjoyed in fair weather: it is ever cool on the hills, and a +shelter may be constantly found in the valleys from excess of wind. +</p> +<p> +The hills are in some places steep, but everywhere covered with a green +sward from the bottom to the top. +<a id="footnotetag3" + name="footnotetag3"> +</a> +<sup> + <a href="#footnote3">3 + </a> +</sup> On the summit of these the prospect +is extensive and varied; towards the sea there is an uninterrupted view +from Beachy-head to the Isle of Wight; towards the land, or <i>weald</i> side, +the view, in the opinion of the great Mr. Ray, is no where to be equalled; +and from this very prospect, compared with that of the Isle of Ely, he +infers the wisdom of God in the construction of hills. +</p> +<p> +The Downs here run parallel to the sea; the turf of them is remarkably +fine; they are from six to ten miles broad: so that this delightful +country cannot be deemed a confined one. +</p> +<p> +The merit of the situation of this town has within these few years +attracted a great resort of the principal gentry of this kingdom, and +engaged them in a summer residence here. And there is reason to believe, +that in the earliest times it was in the highest estimation. The altars of +the Druids, the only surviving remains of the ancient Britons, are no +where to be seen in greater number. +<a id="footnotetag4" + name="footnotetag4"> +</a> +<sup> + <a href="#footnote4">4 + </a> +</sup> And although there are here no +traces of temples, no images here existing, yet does not their want in any +shape invalidate the supposition of this place's having been an original +residence of theirs, as it seems to have been a received principle in all +countries where Druidism prevailed, that the confining the Deity within +walls, or the representing him in any human figure, were unworthy of his +majesty, and unsuitable to his immensity. But the position of these altars, +and the local circumstances answering so exactly to their customary choice +of places, leave but little room to doubt of their having had a residence +here. +</p> +<p> +The attachment of our ancestors to this place may be further illustrated +by our taking a view of the efforts they made to preserve it. +</p> +<p> +Suetonius, relating the invasion of Britain by Vespasian, says, "Tricies +cum hoste conflixit; duas validissimas gentes, superque xx oppida, et +Insulam Vectem Britanniae proximam in deditionem redegit." Cap. iv. Now, +that one of these nations inhabited the Downs of Sussex, seems probable +from their vicinity to the Isle of Wight, and in some measure confirmed by +the lines and intrenchments still subsisting between Brighthelmston and +Lewes, where the principal scene of action must have been, and bearing +every Roman mark. +</p> +<p> +That there was a Roman station in this neighbourhood is admitted by the +antiquarians, though its exact situation is not as yet ascertained. The +Portus Aldurni, placed by the learned Selden at Aldrington, two miles to +the west of Brighthelmston, is by the ingenious Tabor presumed to have +been at East Bourne, eighteen miles to the east of it: yet there are many +local and incidental circumstances belonging to this place, and which are +wanting in those towns, that render a conjecture probable as to its having +been a Roman station. +<span class="pagenum"> + <a id="page90" + name="page90"> + </a>[pg 90] +</span> + +</p> +<p> +The Praepositus of the Exploratores, whose office was to discover the +state and motions of the enemy, and who was certainly in this part of +Sussex, could be no where more advantageously placed than in the elevated +situations of the strong camps at Hollingsbury and White-Hawke, commanding +a most extensive view of the whole coast from Beachy-Head to the Isle of +Wight. The form of this town is almost a perfect square; the streets are +built at right angles to each other, and its situation is to the south +east, the favourite one among the Romans. To these may be added, that an +urn has been some time ago dug up in this neighbourhood, containing a +thousand silver denarii marked from Antoninus Pius to Philip, during which +tract of time Britain was probably a Roman province. And, lastly, the +vestiges of a true Roman via running from Shoreham towards Lewes, at a +small distance above this town have been lately discovered by an ingenious +gentleman truly conversant in matters of this nature. +</p> +<p> +The light sometimes obtained in these dark matters from a similitude of +sounds in the ancient and modern names of places, is not to be had in +assisting the present conjecture. Its ancient one, as far as I can learn, +is no way discoverable; and its modern one may be owing either to this +town's belonging formerly to, or being countenanced in a particular manner +by a Bishop Brighthelm, who, during the Saxon government of the island, +lived in this neighbourhood: or perhaps may be deduced from the ships of +this town having their helms better ornamented than those of their +neighbouring ones. +</p> +<p> +It is true here are no hypocausts, Mosaic pavements, inscriptions, or any +other delicate monuments of Roman antiquity, +<a id="footnotetag5" + name="footnotetag5"> +</a> +<sup> + <a href="#footnote5">5 + </a> +</sup> that might corroborate in +a stronger manner this supposition: these, if any such existed here, have +been defaced by time, or destroyed by the undiscerning inhabitants of the +place. +</p> +<p> +During the Saxon aera, this town was almost the centre of the kingdom of +the South Saxons; and consequently could not be the scene of much action. +It submitted to the various revolutions which prevailed at different times, +until the Norman conquest. +</p> +<p> +The conqueror landed at Hastings forty miles distant to the east of this +town; so that his troops never came near it. Yet, the fate of England +being decided by the bloody engagement at Battel, this town, with many +other large possessions in the county, was granted to William de Warren, +who married the Conqueror's daughter: and he soon made it part of the +endowment of that rich priory, which he founded at Lewes. +</p> +<p> +This resigning of the town into the hands of monks was a fatal stroke to +its ancient greatness. Too attentive to their own immediate interest, and +too regardless of that of their vassals, as soon as they were in +possession of it, they laboured, and with success, to obtain an exemption +for it from supplying the king with ships, or affording him such other +succour, as a large and powerful maritime town ought to have done, on the +pretence of its being part of a religious estate. +</p> +<p> +<i>(To be concluded in our next.)</i> +</p> + +<hr class="full" /> +<h2>FINE ARTS</h2> +<hr /> +<h3>LARGE PAINTED WINDOW OF THE CRUCIFIXION.</h3> + +<p> +Mr. Wilmshurst has nearly completed a fine copy, on glass, of Mr. Hilton's +celebrated picture of the Crucifixion. It consists of 118 squares, 15 by +21 inches each, fitted into copper frames, in a large centre and two sides; +in all 19 feet high, and 15 feet wide, intended for a Venetian window-case +in St. George's Church, Liverpool. The original picture was painted for +this purpose, by commission from the Corporation, in the year 1826, for +which the artist received 1,000 guineas. Perhaps in all the productions of +British art there is not a more appropriate subject for the embellishment +of a church, than Hilton's representation of this sublime event. The +countenance and figure of the crucified Saviour are admirably drawn: his +placid resignation is finely contrasted with the muscular figures of the +two thieves struggling in the last agonies of torture: the spike-nails and +blood-drops of the hands and feet, and the title on the cross are closely +preserved. The group of women at the foot of the cross, the lifeless form, +drooping hand, anxious eye, and gushing tear, the terrified and afflicted +populace, and the unperturbed devotional gaze of a few by-standers are too +among the masterly beauties of this composition. The lights are well kept, +and the entire effect of the Window is that of awe-inspiring grandeur. +</p> +<p> +It is somewhat curious, that on the evening Mr. Wilmshurst put +<span class="pagenum"> + <a id="page91" + name="page91"> + </a>[pg 91] +</span> + together +his Liverpool Window, his larger Window of the Field of Cloth of Gold, was +totally destroyed by fire, and by the next morning all its glories were +melted (or vitrified) into tears. +</p> + +<hr class="full" /> +<h2>SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS.</h2> +<hr /> +<h3>THE TWA BURDIES.</h3> +<h3>BY THE ETTRICK SHEPHERD.</h3> + +<div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>When the winter day had past an' gane,</p> + <p>Twa wee burdies came into our hearth stane;</p> + <p>An' they lookit a'round them wi' little din,</p> + <p>As if they had living souls within.</p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>"O, bonny burdies, come tell to me</p> + <p>If ye are twa burdies o' this countrye?</p> + <p>An' where ye were gaun when ye tint your gate,</p> + <p>A-winging the winter shower sae late?"</p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>"We are cauld, we are cauld—ye maun let us bide,</p> + <p>For our father's gane, an' our mother's a bride:</p> + <p>But in her bride's bed though she be,</p> + <p>We would rather cour on the earth wi' thee!"</p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>"O, bonny burdies, my heart is sair</p> + <p>To see twa motherless broods sae fair.</p> + <p>But flee away, burdies! flee away!</p> + <p>For I darenae bide wi' you till day."</p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>"Ye maun let us bide till our feathers dry,</p> + <p>For the time of our trial's drawing nigh.</p> + <p>A voice will call at the hour eleven,</p> + <p>An' a naked sword appear in heaven!</p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>"There's an offering to make, but not by men,</p> + <p>On altar as white as the snow of the glen—</p> + <p>There's a choice to be made, and a vow to pay,</p> + <p>And blood to spill ere the break of day."</p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>"O, tell me, beings of marvellous birth,</p> + <p>If ye are twa creatures of heaven or earth?</p> + <p>For ye look an' ye speak, I watnae how—</p> + <p>But I'm fear'd, I'm fear'd, little burdies for you!"</p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>"Ye needna be fear'd, for it's no our part</p> + <p>To injure the kind and the humble heart;</p> + <p>And those whose trust is in heaven high,</p> + <p>The Angel of God will aye be nigh.</p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>We were twa sisters bred in a bower,</p> + <p>As gay as the lark an' as fair as the flower;</p> + <p>But few of the ills of this world we proved,</p> + <p>Till we were slain by the hands we loved.</p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Our bodies into the brake were flung,</p> + <p>To feed the hawks and the ravens young;</p> + <p>And there our little bones reclined,</p> + <p>And white they bleach'd in the winter wind.</p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Our youngest sister found them there,</p> + <p>And wiped them clean wi' her yellow hair;</p> + <p>And every day she sits and grieves,</p> + <p>And covers them o'er wi' the wabron leaves.</p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Then our twin souls they sought the sky,</p> + <p>And were welcome guests in the heavens high;</p> + <p>And we gat our choice through all the spheres</p> + <p>What lives to lead for a thousand years.</p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Then humble, old matron, lend us thine aid,</p> + <p>For this night the choice is to be made;</p> + <p>And we have sought thy lowly hearth</p> + <p>For the last advice thou giv'st on earth.</p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Say, shall we skim o'er this earth below,</p> + <p>Beholding its scenes of joy and woe;</p> + <p>And try to reward the virtuous heart,</p> + <p>And make the unjust and the sinner smart?</p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Or shall we choose the star of love,</p> + <p>In a holy twilight still to move;</p> + <p>Or fly to frolic, light and boon,</p> + <p>On the silver mountains of the moon?</p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>O, tell us, for we hae nane beside!</p> + <p>Our daddy's gane, and our mammy's a bride.</p> + <p>She is blitliely laid in her bridal sheet,</p> + <p>But a spirit stands at her bed feet.</p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Ay, though she be laid in her bridal bed,</p> + <p>There is guiltless blood upon her head;</p> + <p>And on her soul the hue of a crime,</p> + <p>That will never wash out till the end of time.</p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Advise, advise! dear matron, advise!</p> + <p>For you are humble, devout, and wise.</p> + <p>We ask a last advice from you—</p> + <p>Our hour is come—what shall we do?"</p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>"O, wondrous creatures, ye maun allow</p> + <p>I naething can ken of beings like you;</p> + <p>But ere the voice calls at eleven,</p> + <p>Go ask your Father who is in heaven."</p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Away, away, the burdies flew</p> + <p>Aye singing, "Adieu, kind heart, adieu!</p> + <p>They that hae blood on their hands may rue</p> + <p>Afore the day-beam kiss the dew.</p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>There's naught sae heinous in human life</p> + <p>As taking a helpless baby's life;</p> + <p>There's naething sae kind aneath the sky</p> + <p>As cheering the heart that soon maun die."</p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>The morning came wi' drift an' snaw,</p> + <p>And with it news frae the bridal-ha',</p> + <p>That death had been busy, and blood was spilt,</p> + <p>May Heaven preserve us all from guilt!</p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>They tell of a deed—Believe't who can?</p> + <p>Such tale was never told by man;</p> + <p>The bridegroom is gone in fire and flood,</p> + <p>And the bridal-bed is steep'd with blood!</p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>The poor auld matron died ere day,</p> + <p>And was found as life was passing away;</p> + <p>And twa bonny burdies sang in the bed,</p> + <p>The one at the feet, the other the head.</p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Now I have heard tales, and told them too,</p> + <p>Hut this is beyond what I could do;</p> + <p>And far hae I ridden, and far hae I gane,</p> + <p>But burdies like these I never saw nane.</p> + </div> +</div> +<p> +<i>Fraser's Magazine.</i> +</p> + +<hr /> +<h3>ELLISTON AND THE ASS' HEAD.</h3> + +<p> +Elliston was, in his day, the Napoleon of Drury-lane, but, like the +conqueror at Austerlitz, he suffered his declensions, and the Surrey +became to him a St. Helena. However, once an eagle always an eagle; and +Robert William was no less aquiline in the day of adversity than in his +palmy time of patent prosperity. He was born to carry things with a high +hand, and he but fulfilled his destiny. The anecdote which we are about to +relate, is one of the ten thousand instances of his lordly bearing. When, +the season before last, "no effects" was written over the treasury-door of +Covent-garden theatre, it will be remembered that several actors proffered +their services <i>gratis</i>, in aid of the then humble, but now arrogant and +persecuting establishment. Among these patriots was Mr. T.P. Cooke—(it +was just after his promotion to the honorary rank of Admiral of the Blue). +The Covent-garden managers jumped at the offer of the actor, who was in +due time announced as having, in the true play-bill style, "most +generously volunteered his services for six nights!" Cooke was advertised +for <i>William</i>; Elliston having "most generously lent [N.B. this was <i>not</i> +<span class="pagenum"> + <a id="page92" + name="page92"> + </a>[pg 92] +</span> +put in the bill] his musical score of <i>Black-Eyed Susan</i>, together with +the identical captains' coats, worn at a hundred-and-fifty court-martials +at the Surrey Theatre!" Cooke—the score—the coats, were all accepted, +and made the most of by the now prosecuting managers of Covent-garden, who +cleared out of the said Cooke, score, and coats, one thousand pounds at +half-price on the first six nights of their exhibition. This is a fact; +nay, we have lately heard it stated that all the sum was specially banked, +to be used in a future war against the minors. Cooke was then engaged for +twelve more nights, at ten pounds per night—a hackney-coach bringing him +each night, hot from the Surrey stage, where he had previously made +bargemen weep, and thrown nursery-maids into convulsions. Well, time drove +on, and Cooke drove into the country. Elliston, who was always classical, +having a due veneration for that divine "creature," Shakspeare, announced, +on the anniversary of the poet's birth-day, a representation of the +Stratford Jubilee. The wardrobe was ransacked, the property-man was on the +alert; and, after much preparation, every thing was in readiness for the +imposing spectacle.—No! There was one thing forgotten—one important +"property!" <i>Bottom</i> must be a "feature" in the procession, and there was +no ass's head! it would not do for the acting manager to apologize for the +absence of the head—no, <i>he</i> could not have the face to do it. A head +must be procured! Every one was in doubt and trepidation, when hope +sounded in the clarion-like voice of Robert William. "Ben!" exclaimed +Elliston, "take pen, ink, and paper, and write as follows!" Ben (Mr. +Benjamin Fairbrother, the late manager's most trusty secretary) sat, "all +ear" and Elliston, with finger on nether lip, proceeded.— +</p> + +<div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> +<p>"My dear Charles,</p> + </div> + <div class="stanza"> +I am about to represent, 'with entirely new dresses, scenery, and +decorations,' the Stratford Jubilee, in honour of the sweet swan of Avon. +My scene-painter is the finest artist (except your Grieve) in Europe—my +tailor is no less a genius, and I lately raised the salary of my +property-man. This will give you some idea of the capabilities of the +Surrey Theatre. However, in the hurry of "getting up," we have forgotten +one property—every thing is well with us but our <i>Bottom</i>, and he wants a +head. As it is too late to manufacture, not but that my property-man is +the cleverest in the world (except the property-man of Covent-garden), can +<i>you</i>, lend me an ass's head, and believe me, my dear Charles, +</div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Yours ever truly,</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> + <p class="i4">ROBERT WILLIAM ELLISTON."</p> +</div> + + <div class="stanza"> +"P.S. I had forgotten to acknowledge the return of the <i>Black-Eyed Susan</i> +score, and coats. You were most welcome to them." + </div> +</div> +<p> +The letter was dispatched to Covent-garden Theatre, and in a brief time +the bearer returned with the following answer:— +</p> + + +<div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> +<p>"MY DEAR ROBERT,</p> + </div> + +<div class="stanza"> +It is with the most acute pain that I am compelled to refuse your +trifling request. You are aware, my dear Sir, of the unfortunate situation +of Covent-garden Theatre; it being at the present moment, with all the +'dresses, scenery, and decorations,' in the Court of Chancery, I cannot +exercise that power which my friendship would dictate. I have spoken to +Bartley, and he agrees with me (indeed, he always does), that I cannot +lend you an ass's head—he is an authority on such a subject—without +risking a reprimand from the Lord High Chancellor. Trusting to your +generosity, and to your liberal construction of my refusal—and hoping +that it will in no way interrupt that mutually cordial friendship that has +ever subsisted between us. +</div> + <div class="stanza"> +<p>Believe me, ever yours,</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> +<p class="i4">CHARLES KEMBLE."</p> + </div> + + <div class="stanza"> +"P.S. When I next see you advertised for <i>Rover</i>, I intend to leave myself +out of the bill to come and see it." +</div> +</div> +<p> +Of course this letter did not remain long unanswered. Ben was again in +requisition, and the following was the result of his labours:— +</p> + +<div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> +<p>"DEAR CHARLES,</p> +</div> + + <div class="stanza"> +I regret the situation of Covent-garden Theatre—I also, for your sake, +deeply regret that the law does not permit you to send me the 'property' +in question. I knew that law alone could prevent you; for were it not for +the vigilance of Equity, such is my opinion of the management of +Covent-garden, that I am convinced, if left to the dictates of its own +judgment, it would be enabled to spare asses' heads, not to the Surrey +atone, but to every theatre in Christendom. +</div> + + <div class="stanza"> +<p>Yours ever truly,</p> +</div> + + <div class="stanza"> +<p class="i4">ROBERT WILLIAM ELLISTON."</p> +</div> + + <div class="stanza"> +"P.S. My wardrobe-keeper informs me that there are no less than seven +buttons missing from the captains' coats. However, I have ordered their +places to be instantaneously filled by others." +</div> +</div> +<span class="pagenum"> + <a id="page93" + name="page93"> + </a>[pg 93] +</span> + +<p> +We entreat our readers not to receive the above as a squib of invention. +We will not pledge ourselves that the letters are <i>verbatim</i> from the +originals; but the loan of the Surrey music and coats to Covent-garden, +with the refusal of Covent-garden's ass's head to the Surrey, is "true as +holy writ." +</p> +<p> +<i>Monthly Magazine.</i> +</p> + +<hr class="full" /> +<h2>NOTES OF A READER.</h2> +<hr /> +<h3>THE BOOK OF INSTRUCTION.</h3> + +<p> +This is styled by the publisher "The Child's <i>Annual;</i>" we do not think +reasonably so, since instruction is suited for all times. It is a +tolerably thick volume, and contains the <i>Easies</i> of Grammar, Geography, +Arithmetic, Natural History, Punctuation, History, Poetry, Music, and +Dancing; with outlines of Agriculture, Anatomy, Architecture, Astronomy, +Botany, and other branches of science and knowledge—a Chronology and +description of the London public buildings. The contents, to be sure, are +multifarious; but the book is we think made of a series of books to be +purchased separately. Every page has a coloured cut of a very gay order. +Cottages have yellow roofs and pink doors; and shopkeepers are dressed in +crimson and orange. Some of the grammatical illustrations are droll: a +heavy old fellow, cross-legged, with his hands folded on a stick is +<i>myself</i>; Punch is an <i>active verb</i>; a wedding might have illustrated the +conjunction; four in hand is a preposition. In punctuation, a child asking +what o'clock it is, illustrates a note of interrogation. We could have +supplied the editor with the Colon: a little girl who had much difficulty +in understanding its use, one day complained that a pain in her stomach +was as bad as a colon. The pictures in Geography are not so good as they +might have been; and it would have been easy to give correct outlines of +animals, since others mislead children. Music made easy is better, as are +Steps to Dancing. The Chronology is faulty and ill-adapted for children: +what do the little dears want to know of the sale of Cobbett's Register, +or Mr. Fletcher and Miss Dick. There are certain things which children +should know, and others which they should not hear of. Show them as many +of the virtues of mankind as you please: prepare the soil well, and there +will be less chance of vicious weeds. Altogether this book merits +recommendation. It is nicely bound, as the Guinea Annual folks say, partly +in <i>Arabesque.</i> +</p> + +<hr /> +<h3>CHEAP MEDICINE.</h3> + +<p> +A publisher who pays much regard to usefulness and economy in reprints has +put forth <i>Buchan's Domestic Medicine</i> for something less than a crown, +with a supplementary "Cholera Morbus, its history, symptoms, mode of +treatment, antidotes,&c." By the way, we have often thought Buchan's book +like the Dead Sea: you cannot fall into the latter without some of its +water incrusting on you, and you cannot read Buchan without feeling an +ache. Its popularity is founded upon the hackneyed adage "the knowledge of +a disease is half its cure." People will pore over its sea of calamities +till they almost fall into the fire, or get scalded with the water from a +kettle, and then turn to the Index, Scalds, page 326: perhaps this is a +good plan to test the practical value of a book, as the surgeon scalded +two fingers and plunged one into turpentine and the other into spirits of +wine to test their respective services in case of a scald. +</p> +<p> +Here too we may notice a cheap <i>Companion to the Family Medicine Chest,</i> +with an alphabetical arrangement of Medicines, their properties, and plain +rules for taking them; with the Cholera, of course, as a rider, and +cautions respecting suspended animation and poisons. The little +shillingsworth is in its fifteenth edition, so that many thousand persons +must have taken many million doses by its prescription, and in some cases +become their own medicine chests, with this book as their companion. +</p> +<hr /> +<h3>HERBERT'S COUNTRY PARSON, &c.</h3> + +<p> +Readers who delight to slake their thirst for knowledge from the deep and +pure wells of our olden literature will rejoice to hear of a cheap and +elegant reprint of this beautiful little book. Perchance some book-buyer +need be told that the above is a book to live by—an invaluable legacy of +a parish priest to his brethren and the world. The author George Herbert, +was born in 1593, near Montgomery, in the castle that had been +successively happy in the Herberts, as Isaak Walton observes, "a family +that hath been blest with men of remarkable wisdom." Herbert was educated +at Cambridge, where he obtained the friendship of "the great secretary of +nature and all learning, Sir Francis Bacon, Lord Verulam," who consulted +Herbert "before he would expose any of his books to be printed, and +dedicated a version of the Psalms to him as the best judge of divine +poetry." Herbert +<span class="pagenum"> + <a id="page94" + name="page94"> + </a>[pg 94] +</span> was patronized by James I. who, for an elegant Latin +oration, gave him a sinecure of 120<i>l</i>. a-year, for in those days the only +Royal Society of Literature was in the palace; it is now among subjects, +and too little in the Court. Upon the death of James, Herbert's Court +hopes died also, and he betook himself to a retreat from London. In this +retirement, "he had many conflicts with himself, whether he should return +to the painted pleasures of court life or betake himself to the study of +divinity, and enter into sacred orders." He chose the latter. He married +well. In 1630 he was inducted into the parsonage of Bemerton, a mile from +Salisbury; the third day after which, he said to his wife, "You are now a +minister's wife, and must now so far forget your father's house, as not to +claim a precedence of any one of your parishioners; for you are to know +that a priest's wife can challenge no precedence or place, but that which +she purchases by her obliging humility; and I am sure, places so purchased +do best become them. And let me tell you, that I am so good a herald, as +to assure you that this is truth." These rules his meek wife observed with +cheerful willingness. Herbert now set about his "Priest to the Temple: or +the Country Parson, his character, and rule of Holy Life." Unlike many +doctrinists, he practised his own rules: he was a self-example of his own +precepts, and his book was the rule of his own life; or, as Walton more +beautifully explains it "his behaviour towards God and man may be said to +be a practical comment on the holy rules set down in that useful book." +Thus, he sets forth the Diversities of a Pastor's life: the Parson's life, +knowledge, praying, preaching, Sundays, house, courtesy, charity, church, +comfort, eye, mirth, &c.; his prayers before and after Sermon, with a few +poetical pieces of quaint but touching sweetness. His poetry has been +censured for its point and antithesis; but he cultivated the poetical art +to convey moral and devotional sentiments; others excel him in smoothness +of versification, but not in benevolent purpose. Herbert though himself a +pattern of humility, was younger brother of the celebrated Lord Herbert of +Cherbury, whom Horace Walpole abuses for his beauty and gallant bearing, +tinctured it must be allowed, with affected notions of high birth. But the +gay philosopher of Cherbury lived in the last days of chivalry, and had +their light but gleamed upon Walpole, he would, in all probability, have +borne the very qualities which he so loudly censures in Herbert. The +pastor Herbert's wife was nearly related to Lord Danby, so that the +caution which we have quoted was perhaps requisite. As Herbert sank his +own high birth, it was but fit that his wife should forget hers also. +</p> + +<hr /> +<h3>THE NEW BATH GUIDE.</h3> + +<p> +What a change from grave to gay—from the moral antitheses of Herbert's +<i>Country Parson</i> to the fun and folly of Anstey's New Bath Guide, with +etchings by George Cruikshank, and cuts admirably designed and engraved by +S. Williams—as Mr. Simkin dressing for the ball: +</p> +<div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>But what with my Nivernois hat can compare,</p> + <p>Bag-wig and laced ruffles, and black solitaire,</p> + <p>And what can a man of true fashion denote,</p> + <p>Like an ell of good riband tyed under the throat.</p> + </div> +</div> +<p> +and "We three blunder-heads," two frizzled physicians of the last century, +and the invariably accompanying cane, or Esculapian wand. This edition is +by Mr. Britton, who has prefixed a dedication and an essay on the genius +of Anstey, both of which sparkle with humour and lively anecdote; and an +amusing sketch of Bath as it is. Among the anecdotical notes to the Poem +it is stated that Dodsley acknowledged about ten years after he had +purchased the "Bath Guide," that the profits from its sale were greater +than on any other book he had published. He generously gave up the +copyright to the author in 1777, who had 200<i>l</i>. for the copyright after +the second edition. Yet Dodsley, with all his liberality lived to be rich, +though he originally was footman to the Hon. Mrs. Lowther; so true is it +that genius and perseverance will find their way upwards from any station. +</p> +<p> +There is a pleasant anecdote of the late John Palmer, who, it will be +remembered, was somewhat stiltish. "Palmer, whose father was a +bill-sticker, and who had occasionally practised in the same humble +occupation himself, strutting one evening in the green-room at Drury-Lane +Theatre, in a pair of glittering buckles, a gentleman present remarked +that they greatly resembled diamonds. 'Sir,' said Palmer, with warmth, 'I +would have you to know, that I never wear anything but diamonds.' 'Jack, +your pardon,' replied the gentleman, 'I remember the time when you wore +nothing but <i>paste!</i>' This produced a loud laugh, which was heightened by +Parsons jogging him on the elbow, and drily saying, 'Jack, why don't you +<i>stick him against the wall?</i>'" +</p> +<p> +<span class="pagenum"> + <a id="page95" + name="page95"> + </a>[pg 95] +</span> +Another. Mr. Quin, upon his first going to Bath, found he was charged most +exorbitantly for every thing; and, at the end of a week, complained to +Nash, who had invited him thither, as the cheapest place in England for a +man of taste and a <i>bon vivant</i>. The master of the ceremonies, who knew +that Quin relished a pun, replied, "They have acted by you on truly +Christian principles." "How so?" says Quin. "Why," answered Nash, "you +were a <i>stranger</i>, and they <i>took you in</i>." "Ay" rejoined Quin; "but they +have fleeced me, instead of clothed me." +</p> + +<hr /> +<h3>THE OUTLINE OF ENGLISH HISTORY,</h3> + +<p> +Is a well-executed compendium for schools, and will be amusing by any +fire-side. It not merely contains the great names, but abounds with +curious notes on domestic life in each reign, with facts and calculations +which must have cost the editor, Mr. Ince, many days labour. The period +pompously termed "the Georgian Aera" is not so copious us the editor +wishes, but a little more forethought on his part or that of the printer +would better satisfy himself and the public. +</p> + +<hr /> +<h3>SNATCHES</h3> + +<p> +<i>From Mr. Bulwer's Novel of "Eugene Aram,"</i> vol. i. +</p> +<p> +<i>Love of Nature</i>.—It has been observed and there is a world of homely, ay, +of legislative knowledge in the observation, that wherever you see a +flower in a cottage-garden, or a bird at the window, you may feel sure +that the cottagers are better and wiser than their neighbours. +</p> +<p> +<i>Humour</i>.—Where but in farces is the phraseology of the humorist always +the same? +</p> +<p> +<i>Conversation Tactics</i>.—A quick, short, abrupt turn, that retrenching all +superfluities of pronoun and conjunction, and marching at once upon the +meaning of the sentence, had in it a military and Spartan significance, +which betrayed how difficult it often is for a man to forget that he had +been a corporal. +</p> +<p> +<i>Music of Water</i>.—You saw hard by the rivulet darkening and stealing away, +till your sight, though not your ear, lost it among the woodland. +</p> +<p> +<i>A fine Fellow</i>—He had strong principles as well as warm feelings, and a +fine and resolute sense of honour utterly impervious to attack. It was +impossible to be in his company an hour, and not see that he was a man to +be respected. It was equally impossible to live with him a week, and not +see that he was a man to be beloved. +</p> +<p> +<i>Marriage</i>.—The greatest happiness which the world is capable of +bestowing—the society and love of one in whom we could wish for no change, +and beyond whom we have no desire. +</p> +<p> +<i>Fatality</i>.—What evil cannot corrupt, Fate seldom spares. +</p> +<p> +<i>Widowhood</i>.—If the blow did not crush, at least it changed him. +</p> +<p> +<i>Comfort of Children</i>.—As his nephew and his motherless daughters grew up, +they gave an object to his seclusion, and a relief to his reflections. He +found a pure and unfailing delight in watching the growth of their young +minds, and guiding their differing dispositions; and, as time at length +enabled them to return his affection, and appreciate his cares, he became +once more sensible that he had a home. +</p> +<p> +<i>Intellectual Beauty</i>.—Her eyes of a deep blue, wore a thoughtful and +serene expression, and her forehead, higher and broader than it usually is +in women, gave promise of a certain nobleness of intellect, and added +dignity, but a feminine dignity, to the more tender characteristics of her +beauty. +</p> +<p> +<i>A Village Beauty</i>.—The sunlight of a happy and innocent heart sparkled +on her face, and gave a beam it gladdened you to behold, to her quick +hazel eye, and a smile that broke out from a thousand dimples. +</p> +<p> +<i>An unformed mind</i>.—Cheerful to outward seeming, but restless, fond of +change, and subject to the melancholy and pining mood common to young and +ardent minds. +</p> +<p> +<i>Dependence</i>.—What in the world makes a man of just pride appear so +unamiable as the sense of dependence. +</p> +<p> +<i>Two modes of sitting in a chair</i>.—The one short, dry, fragile, and +betraying a love of ease in his unbuttoned vest, and a certain lolling, +see-sawing method of balancing his body upon his chair; the other, erect +and solemn, and as steady on his seat as if he were nailed to it. +</p> +<p> +<i>A Soldier's simile</i>.—Your shy dog is always a deep one: give me a man +who looks me in the face as he would a cannon. +</p> +<p> +<i>A Landlord's Independence</i>.—The indifference of a man well to do, and +not ambitious of half-pence. "There's my wife by the door, friend; go, +tell her what you want." +</p> + +<hr class="full" /> +<span class="pagenum"> + <a id="page96" + name="page96"> + </a>[pg 96] +</span> +<h2>THE GATHERER</h2> +<hr /> + +<p> +<i>The Opera</i>. From the number of French and German operas announced for +performance at the King's Theatre, it should no longer be called the +<i>Italian</i> Opera, but the <i>Foreign Opera</i>. +</p> +<p> +<i>Tooth Ache</i>.—Powdered alum not only relieves this annoyance, but +prevents the decay of the tooth. +</p> +<p> +<i>Egypt</i>.—The French are just at this moment crazy for Egyptian +antiquities. "While Champollion (<i>on dit</i>)is about to unrol the mystic +papyri in all their primitive significance, the celebrated Caillaud has +preceded him with the First Numbers of a work on the Arts and Trades of +the Egyptians, Nubians, and Ethiopians; their customs, civil, and domestic, +with the manners and customs of the modern inhabitants of these countries." +—<i>For. Quart. Rev.</i> +</p> +<p> +<i>Anne Boleyn</i>.—M. Crapelet, the celebrated Parisian printer, has just +written and printed a beautiful little volume entitled <i>Anne Boleyn</i>, +which is spoken of as "a careful and pains-taking attempt to exhibit a +character hitherto strangely disfigured by party writers, in its true +light." +</p> +<p> +<i>Root of the Devil</i>.—There is a strange root called the Devil's Bit +Scabious, of which quaint old Gerard observes: "The great part of the root +seemeth to be bitten away: old fantasticke charmers report that the devil +did bite it for envie, because it is an herbe that hath so many good +virtues, and is so beneficial to mankinde." Sir James Smith as quaintly +observes, "the malice of the devil has unhappily been so successful, that +no virtue can now be found in the remainder of the root or herb."— +<i>Knowledge for the People.</i> Part xiv. +</p> +<p> +<i>Onions</i>.—The British onion is of the worst description, those of Egypt +and India being considered great delicacies. Their strong, disagreeable +odour is attributable to the sulphur which they contain, and which is +deposited by their juice, when exposed to heat.—<i>Ibid</i>. +</p> +<p> +<i>Spanish Liquorice</i> is so called from its being manufactured only in +<i>Spain</i> and Sicily. The root grows naturally in those countries and in +Languedoc, and in such abundance in some parts of Sicily, that it is +considered the greatest scourge to the cultivator.—<i>Ibid</i>. (Our brewers +and distillers would not be of this opinion were liquorice indigenous to +this country.) +</p> +<p> +<i>Heat in Plants</i>.—Lamarck tells us of a plant, which during a few hours +of its growth, is "so hot as to seem burning." Its greatest heat is stated +at nearly 45 degrees above the temperature of the air in which the plant +was growing. +</p> +<p> +<i>Iceland</i> is perhaps the most deplorable spot on the world's map. "Not +very long ago it counted at least 100,000 inhabitants. Depopulated by time, +which has more than once introduced frightful pestilence, there are now +not half that number. Their occupation is that of shepherds and fishermen, +for the bitterness of the climate makes all agricultural labours vain or +unproductive. They are scattered over the wide wastes of the country, far +distant, in huts and farms, and it was only in 1787 that any portion of +the population was gathered into towns, if towns may be called the two +spots where a few families have their abode together."—<i>For. Quart. Rev.</i> +</p> +<p> +<i>Tobacco and Snuff</i>.—Tobacco is a narcotic and depressing poison, whose +effect on the nerves and stomach is to destroy the appetite, prevent the +perfect digestion of the food, create an unnatural thirst, and render the +individual who uses it nervous and otherwise infirm. Snuff destroys the +sense of smell, and causes a very disagreeable alteration in the voice. It +also produces head-ache in the course of time; and by the distillation of +its juice which falls from the posterior nostrils into the stomach during +sleep, gives rise to weak and painful digestion.—<i>Dr. Granville</i>. +</p> +<p> +<i>Early Rising</i>.—From March to November, at least, no cause, save sickness, +or one of equal weight, should retain us in bed a moment after the sun has +risen.—<i>Dr. Granville</i>. (What say the lazy Londoners to this? In Paris, +shops are opened and set out for the day before six o'clock in the +mornings of spring, summer, and great part of autumn.) +</p> +<p> +<i>Food</i>.—Many articles of consumption, introduced in the reign of Henry +VIII, the following distich embraces a few:— +</p> + +<div class="poem"> + <div class="stanza"> + <p>Turkey, carp, hops, pricard, and beer.</p> + <p>Came into England all in one year. (1525.)</p> + </div> +</div> + + +<p> +<i>Ince's Outline of English History.</i> +</p> + +<hr class="full" /> + +<blockquote class="footnote"> + <a id="footnote1" name="footnote1"> + </a><b>Footnote 1</b>: + <a href="#footnotetag1"> + (return) + </a> + See <i>Rambler</i>, No. 38. +</blockquote> + +<blockquote class="footnote"> + <a id="footnote2" name="footnote2"> + </a><b>Footnote 2</b>: + <a href="#footnotetag2"> + (return) + </a> + It appears to have been called Brighton in a terrier of lands, dated + in 1660. +</blockquote> + +<blockquote class="footnote"> + <a id="footnote3" name="footnote3"> + </a><b>Footnote 3</b>: + <a href="#footnotetag3"> + (return) + </a> + In the years 1800 and 1801, when wheat was at an unprecedented price, + the occupiers of farms on the South Downs converted much of their + downland into tillage, from which they acquired abundant crops of corn. + The green sward when once ploughed, can never be restored to its + former verdure, and although grass seeds have been yearly sown in + succession for more than 80 years upon down formerly broken up and + converted into arable land, the distinctions between these parts and + the original down is still clearly perceptible. +</blockquote> + +<blockquote class="footnote"> + <a id="footnote4" name="footnote4"> + </a><b>Footnote 4</b>: + <a href="#footnotetag4"> + (return) + </a> + See the remains of a Druidical altar at Goldstone (Gor or Thor stone) + bottom, about a mile to the north-west of the town. +</blockquote> + +<blockquote class="footnote"> + <a id="footnote5" name="footnote5"> + </a><b>Footnote 5</b>: + <a href="#footnotetag5"> + (return) + </a> + A Mosaic pavement has been discovered at Lancing, within nine miles + west of the town. +</blockquote> + +<hr class="full" /> +<p> +<i>Printed and Published by J. LIMBIRD, 143, Strand, (near Somerset House,) +London; sold by ERNEST FLEISCHER, 626, New Market, Leipsic; G.G. BENNIS, +55, Rue Neuve, St. Augustin, Paris; and by all Newsmen and Booksellers.</i> +</p> +<hr class="full" /> + +<div>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 11566 ***</div> +</body> +</html> |