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diff --git a/old/10950.txt b/old/10950.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1278861 --- /dev/null +++ b/old/10950.txt @@ -0,0 +1,1976 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and +Instruction, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction + Vol. 13, No. 355., Saturday, February 7, 1829 + +Author: Various + +Release Date: February 5, 2004 [EBook #10950] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MIRROR OF LITERATURE, NO. 355 *** + + + + +Produced by Jonathan Ingram, and the Online Distributed Proofreading +Team. + + + + + +THE MIRROR OF LITERATURE, AMUSEMENT, AND INSTRUCTION. + +VOL 13, No. 355., SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 7, 1829. [PRICE 2d.] + + + + +VILLAS IN THE REGENT'S PARK. + + + + +[Illustration: MARQUESS OF HERTFORD'S VILLA.] + +[Illustration: DORIC VILLA.] + + +The definition of the word _villa_ is a country seat; but the reader +will ask, how can a country seat be in the midst of a metropolis, or in +its brick and mortar confines? The term, however, admits of various +modifications. The villas of the Romans resembled large city palaces +removed into the country, and some of them were four times larger than +Versailles with its three thousand apartments. The villas of modern +Rome likewise more resemble palaces than abodes of domestic +convenience; and one of them, the Villa Mondrogone, has more windows +than there are days in the year. Such are the Italian villas, of which +the name conveys as accurate an idea as the English reader acquires +from the French _chateau_, which, in reality, implies a comfortless +factory-looking abode, with a blaze of fresco embellishments. + +The first engraving in the annexed page is the villa, or, we should +rather say, the suburban retreat, of the Marquess of Hertford, designed +by Mr. Decimus Burton. The noble owner, who has enjoyed the peculiar +advantages of travel, and is a man of _vertu_ and fine taste, has +selected a design of beautiful simplicity and chastity of style. The +entrance-hall is protected by a hexastyle (six column) portico of that +singular Athenian order, which embellishes the door of the Tower of the +Winds. The roof is Venetian, with projecting eaves; and the wings are +surmounted by spacious glass lanterns, which light the upper rooms. The +buildings and offices are on a larger scale than any other in the park, +and correspond in style with the opulence of the noble owner. The +offices are spread out, like the villas of the ancients, upon the +ground-floor. Adjoining the front of the villa is a tent-like canopy, +surmounting a spacious apartment, set aside, we believe, for splendid +_dejeune_ entertainments in the summer. This roof may be seen from +several parts of the park. The entrance lodge is particularly chaste, +the gates are in handsome park-like style; and the plantations and +ornamental gardens in equally good taste. The establishment is, as we +have said, the most extensive in the Regent's Park, and is in every +respect in correspondent taste with the beautiful Italian fronted town +residence of the noble marquess, opposite the Green Park, in +Piccadilly; and its luxurious comforts well alternate with the +fashionable hospitalities of Sudborne Hall, the veritable _country +seat_ of this distinguished nobleman. + +The second engraving is another specimen of the Regent's Park villa +style. The order is handsome Doric; but much cannot be said in praise +of its adaptation to a suburban residence. It nevertheless adds the +charm of variety to the buildings that stud and encircle the park, and +intermingle with lawns and bowery walks with more prettiness than rural +character. + + + * * * * * + + +DESTRUCTION OF THE INTERIOR OF YORK MINSTER.[1] + + +On Monday morning last, this magnificent structure was discovered to be +on fire. Soon after the alarm was given, the bells of twenty-three +churches announced the dismal tidings; but for some time the people +looked upon the report as a hoax, and it was not until after the lapse +of an hour that the city was fairly roused to a sense of the impending +calamity. + +On the Sunday evening previous, there was service in the Minster, as +usual, and all appeared to be left safe. A light was, however, observed +in the building, by a man passing through the Minster-yard, about four +o'clock on Monday morning; but he supposed some workmen were employed +there, and passed on without inquiry. Between six and seven o'clock, +the discovery was made in an extraordinary manner. One of the +choristers passing through the Minster-yard, accidentally stepping on a +piece of ice, was thrown on his back, in which position he saw a +quantity of smoke issuing from the roof. + +In a letter dated York, February 2nd, the writer thus hastily describes +the extent of the conflagration:-- + +The first appearance I observed was the issue of an immense volume of +smoke from the junction of the western towers with the nave, a smaller +column from the great tower, and a third column from the roof of the +choir, thus presenting the appearance of the building being on fire in +all parts, whilst a dense smoke filled the interior to such a degree as +to preclude the immediate entrance of the firemen. At length, the +engines were rolled into the august edifice, when a scene beyond all +description presented itself; the interior of the choir enveloped in +flames, reflected upon the beautiful stained glass. The flames soon +burst through the roof of the choir, and in less than an hour the whole +was in a blaze, and the melted lead poured down the spouting. The roof +soon fell in, in about five or six dreadful crashes. Every effort was +made to prevent the flames spreading to the transept and nave, and I +trust with success, for though the engines are now (midnight) still +playing, I do not find that there is any other fire than the remains of +the roof on the floor of the choir. + +[Footnote 1: No. 162, vol. vi., of the MIRROR, contains a fine view of +the Minster. The first religious foundation here by the Christians was +about the year 672. The Minster was burnt down in 1137, and lay in +ruins till the year 1171. The late cathedral was completed about the +year 1370. Appended to our engraving is an accurate historical and +architectural description of the whole fabric.] + +The damage may be summed up thus: The roof of the choir quite gone, the +wood work on each side consumed, the matchless organ entirely +destroyed, many monuments broken, and the communion plate melted. On +the other hand, the east window is entire to the surprise of every one, +the screen is uninjured, although immediately below the organ, the +records in the vestry, the horn of Ulphus,[2] the coronation chair, and +the brass eagle are saved, and the wills in the Prerogative office are +all safely lodged in Belfrey's Church. For some time the city was in +considerable danger; flakes of fire were carried as far as the Lord +Mayor's Walk; providentially there was very little wind. + +[Footnote 2: The horn of Ulphus is one of the greatest curiosities in +possession of the church of York. It appears like the hollowed tusk of +an elephant, and the length of its curvature is from 18 to 24 inches. +It is the title deed by which the church of St. Peters holds lands to a +considerable value, given to it before the Heptarchy by Ulphus, king of +Deira and Northumbria. It is said, that when he presented it to the +church, he filled it with wine, which he drank off to its future +success. If the story be true, Ulphus must have been one of the most +strong-headed, as well as one of the must pious kings of his day; for +the draught which he is alleged to have swallowed would be sufficient +to upset the sobriety of any two men, such as men now are. The horn was +preserved by the successive possessors of St. Peter's with the most +careful affection during all the commotions of the Danish and Norman +invasions; but was stolen from them in the general confusion which +pervaded the city of York after the battle of Marston-moor and it was +delivered up to the Parliamentarian forces under the command of Lord +Fairfax and Cromwell. By some of the accidents of war, it came into the +possession of Lord Fairfax, who is reported to have purchased it of a +common soldier. On the restoration of Charles II., when church-properly +was again secure, his lordship restored it to the cathedral; and there +is now an inscription upon it, recording the gratitude of the Dean and +Chapter for having so valuable a possession restored them. It has now +escaped singularly enough from the destruction which has fallen upon +the other curiosities which were usually kept in the vestry-room; and +remains, as it has done for years past, to be sounded by all those +strong-winded visiters of the Minster who have strength enough to blow +it.] + +From another account we learn that communication with the roof was not +at first apprehended, but the roof of the choir being very dry wood, +soon joined in the conflagration. It is impossible to describe the +awful picture of the flames rising above this majestic building. The +effect produced by the glare of light upon the stained glass of the +windows exceeds description. On the falling of the roof, the house of +prayer, which but the evening before had resounded with the voices of +worshippers, and where all was order and harmony, now resembled a fiery +furnace. The pillars, which once served to divide the choir from the +two side aisles, now stood alone, the whole being an open space, with +the roof burning on the ground, and nothing above but the blue canopy +of heaven. + +Mr. Britton, in his valuable work on York Cathedral, gives a minute +description of that part of the Minster which has been destroyed; from +which the following is extracted:-- + +"After passing through the screen, the visiter is introduced to the +choir, which is grand in scale and rich in adornment. On each side is a +series of 20 stalls, with 12 at the west end, beneath the organ. These +are of oak, and are peculiarly rich in their canopies and carved +decorations. Each seat, or stall, has its movable miserecordia, with +projecting rests for the elbows, from which rise two detached slender +columns, supporting an elaborate canopy. At the eastern end of the +choir is the altar-table, raised above the regular floor by a series of +15 steps. + +"On the north side of the altar, over the grated window that lights the +crypt, is an ancient pew, or gallery, to which there is an ascent by a +flight of narrow stairs, of solid blocks of oak. The exterior of this +gallery is very neat, and it is certainly older than the Reformation. + +"Behind the stalls of the choir are closets, some of which are used as +vestries by the singing-men: modern staircases have been constructed, +leading to the galleries erected above, and which disfigure the view +into the aisles. These closets are fronted, next the aisles, by open +screens of oak, some of which are of excellent carving, and more +elaborate than others. In the centre of the choir stands a desk for the +vicars-choral to chant the litany in; it is enclosed in a pew of carved +wood." + +The Minster was lighted with gas, to which the conflagration was at +first attributed; but the fire appears to have originated in one of the +vestries. When we remember the beauty of the carved work which has thus +been destroyed, and the elaborate skill which had been bestowed on its +execution, our sympathies are deeply awakened for its fate. Indeed, the +most listless admirer of art, as well as the antiquarian devotee, has +just cause to lament this accident; especially as the taste and labours +of our times fall far short of the olden glories of architecture. When +we think of the "unsubstantial pageant" of the recent "Festival," and +associate its fleeting show with the desert remains of this venerable +pile, our feelings deepen into melancholy, and the smoking fragments of +art seem to breathe-- + + Tell thou the lamentable fall of me, + And send the hearers weeping to their beds. + + + * * * * * + + +HARD FROSTS IN ENGLAND. + +_(For the Mirror.)_ + + +In the year +220. Frost lasted 5 months. +250. The Thames frozen 9 weeks. +291. Most rivers frozen 6 weeks. +508. The rivers frozen 2 months. +695. The Thames frozen 6 weeks; booths built on it. +759. Frost from October the 1st, till February 26th, 760. +827. Frost for 9 weeks. +923. The Thames frozen 13 weeks. +987. Frost lasted 120 days. +998. The Thames frozen 5 weeks. +1035. Frost on Midsummer Day so vehement that the + corn and fruits were destroyed. +1063. The Thames frozen for 14 weeks. +1076. Frost from November to April. +1114. Several wooden bridges carried away by the ice. +1407. Frost for 15 weeks. +1434. Thames frozen down to Gravesend; 12 weeks frost. +1683. Frost for 13 weeks. +1739. Frost for 9 weeks. +1788. Frost from November to January +1789, when the Thames was crossed opposite the Customhouse, + the Tower, Execution Dock, Putney, Brentford, &c. It + was general throughout Europe. +1796. Frost the most severe on Dec. 25th + that had ever been felt in the + memory of man. +1814. Severe frost, Thames frozen, and + tremendous falls of snow. + +A French writer who visited England during the severe frost in the year +1688, says, (in a small volume which he published in Paris,) "that +besides hackney-coaches, a large sledge, or sledges, were then +exhibited on the frozen Thames, and that King Charles passed a whole +night upon the ice." + +The following extract is also an account of this frost by an +eye-witness; which may be seen in the _Beauties of England and Wales_, +vol. x. page 83: he says, "On the 20th of December, 1688, a very +violent frost began, which lasted to the 6th of February, in so great +extremity, that the pools were frozen 18 inches thick at least, and the +Thames was so frozen that a great street from the Temple to Southwark +was built with shops, and all manner of things sold. Hackney coaches +plied there as in the streets. There were also bull-baiting, and a +great many shows and tricks to be seen. This day the frost broke up. In +the morning I saw a coach and six horses driven from Whitehall almost +to the bridge (London Bridge) yet by three o'clock that day, February +the 6th, next to Southwark the ice was gone, so as boats did row to and +fro, and the next day all the frost was gone. On Candlemas Day I went +to Croydon market, and led my horse over the ice to the Horseferry from +Westminster to Lambeth; as I came back I led him from Lambeth upon the +middle of the Thames to Whitefriars' stairs, and so led him up by them. +And this day an ox was roasted whole, over against Whitehall. King +Charles and the Queen ate part of it." + +N.B. In 1740, a palace of ice was built by the Empress Anne of Russia, +on the banks of the Neva, 52 feet long, which, when illuminated, had a +surprising effect. + +P. T. W. + + + * * * * * + + +TURKISH PROPHECY. + +(_For the Mirror._) + + +The following is extracted from a book of Prophecies, called Muhamedys, +which is held in veneration by the Turks:--"The Turkish emperor shall +conquer Rome, and make the pope patriarch of Jerusalem; and he shall, +some time after, profess the Mahomedan faith. Christ shall then come, +and show the Christians their error in not having accepted the Alcoran; +and instruct them that the dove which came down from heaven was not the +Holy Ghost, but was Mahomet, who shall be again upon earth thirty +years, and confirm the Alcoran by new miracles. After that time the +power of the Turks shall decline, till they retire into Desert Arabia, +and then there shall be an end of the world. Their overthrow shall be +accomplished by a people from the north, called _caumico fer_, +(yellow-haired sons.) The ruin of Constantinople shall happen in sultan +Mahomet's time; and then the Turks shall be reduced to so few in +number, that sixty Turkish women shall have but one husband among +them." W. G. C. + + + * * * * * + + +POPULAR SUPERSTITIONS, &c. + +(_Concluded from page 58._) + + +We have formerly alluded to the well-known feats of the weird +sisterhood on the broomstick; but it is affirmed that on these +occasions the spirit left its earthly abode, the body being previously +anointed with the ointment we have described. We cannot better +illustrate this question (the possibility of which has been the +subject-matter of many grave dissertations amongst the literati of +those times) than by giving the substance of the following singular +"Confession," which with many others equally interesting, was made in +1664, (the later days of the profession) before Robert Hunt, Esq., a +"justice with fat capon lined," in the county of Somerset, and in the +presence of "several grave and orthodox divines." + +Elizabeth Styles, of Stoke Triston, in that county, was accused by +"divers persons of credit," of the crimes of witchcraft and sorcery. +She was afterwards found guilty by a jury at Taunton, but died before +the sentence could be carried into effect. She confessed "that the +devil, about ten years since, appeared to her in the shape of a +handsome man, and after of a black dog; that he promised her money, and +that she should live gallantly, and have the pleasure of the world for +twelve years, if she would, with her blood, sign his paper, which was +to give her soul to him, and observe his laws, and that he might suck +her blood. This, after four solicitations, the examinant promised to +do; upon which he pricked the fourth finger of her right hand, between +the middle and upper joints, (where the sign at the examination +remained), and with a drop or two of her blood, she signed the paper +with an O. Upon this the devil gave her sixpence, and vanished +with the paper. That since he hath appeared to her in the shape of a +man, and did so on Wednesday sevennight past, but more usually he +appears in the likeness of a dog, and cat, and a fly like a miller, in +which last he usually sucks in the poll, about four of the clock in the +morning, and did so January 27, and that it usually is pain to her to +be so suckt." When she desired to do harm, she called _Robin_; on his +appearance she opened her wants, saying, _O Satan, give me my purpose._ + +That a short time before, she and other witches had met a "gentleman in +black" in a field, about nine o'clock at night, to devise torments for +one Elizabeth Hill, who had come under their ban; they brought a waxen +image of her, and the "man in black" took and anointed it, saying, _I +baptize thee with this oyl_; and using other words. "He was godfather, +and the examinant and Ann Bishop were godmothers." They called it +Elizabeth; and the black man and weird sisters stuck thorns into +various parts of the luckless image. "After which, they had wine, +cakes, and roast meat, (provided by the gentleman in black,) which they +did eat and drink; and they danced and were very merry," &c. Many of +these unhallowed meetings took place afterwards, and their entertainer, +the gentleman in black--man or devil--seems to have been a regular +_gourmand_, "and never failed to bring with him abundance of excellent +cheer." The customary bill of fare was "wine, good ale, cakes, meat, or +the like." The spirit was, also, rather musical, for he "sometimes +played sweetly on the pipe or cittern," the ladies keeping time with a +dance, (we fear narrowly approaching the modern waltz.) On the whole +they seem to have had joyous doings of it, and wonder ceases that the +demon gained so many proselytes amongst the old women. These nocturnal +meetings were generally held for a similar purpose with the foregoing; +and it appears from the confession before us, that they were conveyed +to them by supernatural means--by that simplest, though despised engine +of loco--(or to coin a a word) aero-motion--a broomstick. They were +obliged to anoint themselves on these occasions "with an oyl the spirit +brought them;" and they were soon transported to the place of +appointment, using these words in their transit, _"Thout, tout, a tout +tout, throughout and about!"_ and on their return they say "Rentum, +tormentum!" Such is the information conveyed in the confession of +Elizabeth Styles, before these "grave and orthodox divines!" + +They were also gifted by the "gentleman in black" with various other +wonderful powers and attributes. They could transform themselves into +the likeness of any animal in the creation, and therefore the better +execute their schemes of devilry; but, it appears, that they always +wanted that essential part--the tail; and there was a trial gravely +reported by a Lancashire jury, that a soldier having been set to watch +a mill from the depredations of some cats, skilfully whipped off the +leg of the largest, which lo! the next morning, was changed into the +arm of an old witch (who had long been suspected) in the neighbourhood! +This useful faculty of transformation also extended, in some measure, +to the persons of others; for Dr. Bulwer gives the following _easy +recipe_ for "setting a horse or ass' head" on a man's neck and +shoulders:[3]--"Cut off the head of a horse or an ass _(before they be +dead, otherwise the virtue or strength thereof will be less +effectual,)_ and take an earthen vessel of a fit capacity to contain +the same. Let it be filled with the oyl or fat thereof; cover it +close, and daub it over with loam. Let it boil over a soft fire for +three dayes, that the flesh boiled may run into oyl, so as the bones +may be seen. Beat the hair into powder, and mingle the same with the +oyl, and _anoint the heads of the standers by, and they shall seem to +have horses or asses' heads!_ If beasts' heads be anointed with the +like oyl made of a man's head, (we suppose cut off while the said man +was 'alive!') they shall seem to have men's faces, as divers authors +soberly affirm!" + +[Footnote 3: Shakspeare must have derived from this hint, the similar +transformation in "The Midsummer Night's Dream."] + +After dwelling on the dark and malignant qualities of witches, it is +but justice to give a few of the charms which, for a small +remuneration, they would bestow for the benefit of those who sought +their assistance in the hour of trouble. These charms were possessed of +various degrees of virtue, _ex. gratiae._ + +_Against the toothache._--Scarify the gums, in the grief, with the +tooth of one that hath been slain. Otherwise, _galbes, gabat, galdes, +galdat_. Otherwise say, "O horsecombs and sickles that have so many +teeth, come heal me of my toothache!" + +These very simple remedies, if popular, would soon send the concocters +of nostrums for the teeth into the Gazette. + +_To release a woman in travail._--Throw over the top of the house where +the woman lieth in travail, a stone, or any other thing that hath +killed three living creatures: namely, a man, a wild boar, and a +she-bear. + +_Against the headache._--Tie a halter round your head wherewith one +hath been hanged. + +_Against the bite of a mad dog._--Put a silver ring on the ringer, +within which the following words are engraven: _hobay, habas, heber_; +and say to the person bitten by a mad dog, "I am thy saviour, lose not +thy life;" and then prick him in the nose thrice, that at each time he +bleed. Otherwise take pills made of the skull of one that is hanged, +&c. + +_To find her that bewitched your kine._--Put a pair of breeches upon +the cow's head, and beat her out of the pasture with a good cudgel, +upon a Friday, and she will run right to the witch's door, and strike +thereat with her horns. + +We are exceeding our limits, else we should have added several other +pithy receipts, almost worthy of her who made the noted one against the +creaking of a door--"rub a bit of soft soap on the hinges." The most +celebrated and precious charm, however, (for the above are mostly +against every-day occurrences) was the _Agnus Dei_, which was a +"preservative against all manner of evil, a perfect catholicon; and +blessed indeed was the individual who possessed a treasure so +valuable." It was "a little cake, having the picture of a lamb carrying +a flag, on the one side, and Christ's head on the other side, and was +hollow; so that the Gospel of St. John, written on fine paper, was +placed in the concavity thereof;" and was a sovereign remedy against +lightning, the effects of heat, drowning, &c. &c. In some of the above +charms there is a little humour to be found; and as we have previously +observed, such are the effects of faith, that like the amulets of the +east (may not our own sprigs of witch-elm, &c. be so called?) they may +have had in many cases the desired effects in averting disease. + +Reginald Scot furnishes us with directions "how to prevent and cure all +mischief wrought by charms or witchcraft." To prevent the entry of a +witch into a house, nail a horse-shoe in the inside of the outermost +threshold. We believe this rule is still in practice. Also it was a +custom in some countries to nail a wolf's head, or a root of garlic, +over the door, or on the roof of a house. And our Saviour's name, &c. +with four crosses at the four corners of a house, was a protection. The +Romish custom of driving out evil spirits by the smoke of sulphur, is +well known. "Otherwise the perfume made of the gall of a black dog, and +his bloode besmeared on the posts and walls of a house, driveth out of +the doores, both devils and witches." A sprig of witch-elm sewn in the +collar of the doublet, was celebrated amongst our great grandmothers as +a specific against the malignant deeds of the weird sisterhood. + +But we must draw this article to a close. We may well rejoice that we +live in the nineteenth century; and that the disgusting infatuation and +baleful doctrines of witchcraft are gone for ever. + +VYVYAN. + + + + * * * * * + + + +FINE ARTS + + + * * * * * + + +DESCRIPTION OF THE KING'S PALACE, + +_By Mr. Nash, the Architect._ + + +The grand entrance in front, which is to be reserved for the especial +use of his Majesty and the Royal Family, will be composed of white +marble, and will be a faithful model of the arch of Constantine, at +Rome, with the exception of the equestrian figure of his Majesty George +IV. on the top. The workmanship of this arch is expected to rival any +thing of the sort in the kingdom, and to equal the finest works of +antiquity. From each side of the arch a semicircular railing will +extend to the wings, executed in the most beautiful style, in +cast-iron, and surmounted by tips or ornamental spears of mosaic gold. +The area, within, will consist of a grass-plat, in the centre of which +will be an ornamental fountain, and the whole will be bounded by a +graveled road. + +The wing on the left will comprise his Majesty's chapel, the kitchen, +and other offices; and that on the tight, his Majesty's private suite +of apartments. The entrance to the former is from the back, near to +where Buckingham-gate formerly stood, and it is by this door that the +visiters to the palace on gala days will be admitted. Passing through +the building, they will enter a spacious colonnade, which extends along +the front of the body of the palace, and in front of each wing; above +the colonnade is a magnificent balcony, supported by columns of the +Doric order. At the end of each wing is a pediment, supported by +Corinthian columns. The entablature of each pediment is tastefully +filled up with groups of figures in white marble, exquisitely carved in +_alto relievo_, illustrative of the arts and sciences. On the extreme +points of the wing on the left, are fixed statues representing History, +Geography, and Astronomy; and on those of the right wing, Painting, +Music, and Architecture. On the entablature of the pediment, in front +of the main body of the palace, it is intended to place the Arms of +England; and on the top are placed Neptune, with Commerce on one side, +and Navigation on the other. Around the entire building, and above the +windows, is a delicately worked frieze, combining in a scroll the Rose, +the Shamrock, and the Thistle. + +The entrance-hall is about thirty-three feet in height. The pavement is +of white marble slightly veined with blue. The entire hall is bordered +with a scroll of Sienna or yellow, centred with rosettes of +puce-coloured marble, inlaid in the most masterly style of workmanship. +The walls are of Scagliola, and the ceiling is supported by a +succession of white marble pillars. From the hall are the avenues +leading to the state apartments--drawing-rooms, dining-rooms, +throne-room, statue-gallery, picture-gallery, &c. + + + + * * * * * + + + +THE ANECDOTE GALLERY. + + + * * * * * + + +WINDSOR AS IT WAS. + + +The last Number of the _London Magazine_ contains an article of +considerable graphic interest, under the above title. It is written by +one "born within a stone's throw of the castle," and, _ni fallor_, by +the author of the picturesque description of Virginia Water, in the +Magazine for September, last. As the whole article is much too long for +our space, we have abridged it, taking care to retain the most +characteristic portion of the writer's very pleasing reminiscences:-- + +My earliest recollections of Windsor are exceedingly delightful. I was +born within a stone's throw of the Castle-gates; and my whole boyhood +was passed in the most unrestrained enjoyment of the venerable and +beautiful objects by which I was surrounded, as if they had been my own +peculiar and proper inheritance. The king and his family lived in a +plain, barrack-looking lodge at his castle foot, which, in its external +appearance and its interior arrangements, exactly corresponded with the +humble taste and the quiet, domestic habits of George III. The whole +range of the castle, its terrace, and its park, were places dedicated +to the especial pleasures of a school-boy. + +The Park! what a glory was that for cricket and kite-flying. No one +molested us. The beautiful plain immediately under the eastern terrace +was called the Bowling Green;--and, truly, it was as level as the +smoothest of those appendages to suburban inns. We took excellent care +that the grass should not grow too fast beneath our feet. No one +molested us. The king, indeed, would sometimes stand alone for half an +hour to see the boys at cricket; and heartily would he laugh when the +wicket of some confident urchin went down at the first ball. But we did +not heed his majesty. He was a quiet, good-humoured gentleman, in a +long blue coat, whose face was as familiar to us as that of our +writing-master; and many a time had that gracious gentleman bidden us +good morning, when we were hunting for mushrooms in the early dew, and +had crossed his path as he was returning from his dairy, to his eight +o'clock breakfast. Every one knew that most respectable and amiable of +country squires, called His Majesty; and truly there was no inequality +in the matter, for his majesty knew every one. + +I have now no recollection of having, when a child, seen the king with +any of the appendages of royalty, except when he went to town, once a +week, to hold a levee; and then ten dragoons rode before, and ten after +his carriage, and the tradesmen in the streets through which he passed +duly stood at their doors, to make the most profound reverences, as in +duty bound, when their monarch looked "every inch a king." But the bows +were less profound, and the wonderment none at all, when twice a week, +as was his wont during the summer months, his majesty, with all his +family, and a considerable bevy of ancient maids of honour and half-pay +generals, walked through the town, or rode at a slow pace in an open +carriage, to the Windsor theatre, which was then in the High-street. +Reader, it is impossible that you can form an idea of the smallness of +that theatre; unless you have by chance lived in a country town, when +the assembly-room of the head inn has been fitted up with the aid of +brown paper and ochre, for the exhibition of some heroes of the sock +and buskin, vulgarly called strollers. At the old Windsor Theatre, her +majesty's apothecary in the lower boxes might have almost felt her +pulse across the pit. My knowledge of the drama commenced at the early +age of seven years, amidst this royal fellowship in fun; and most +loyally did I laugh when his majesty, leaning back in his capacious +arm-chair in the stage-box, shook the house with his genuine peals of +hearty merriment. Well do I remember the whole course of these royal +play-goings. The theatre was of an inconvenient form, with very sharp +angles at the junctions of the centre with the sides. The stage-box, +and the whole of the left or O.P. side of the lower tier, were +appropriated to royalty. The house would fill at about half-past six. +At seven, precisely, Mr. Thornton, the manager, made his entrance +backwards, through a little door, into the stage-box, with a plated +candlestick in each hand, bowing with all the grace that his gout would +permit. The six fiddles struck up God save the King; the audience rose; +the king nodded round and took his seat next the stage; the queen +curtsied, and took her arm-chair also. The satin bills of their +majesties and the princesses were then duly displayed--and the dingy +green curtain drew up. The performances were invariably either a comedy +and farce, or more frequently three farces, with a plentiful +interlarding of comic songs. Quick, Suett, and Mrs. Mattocks were the +reigning favourites; and, about 1800, Elliston and Fawcett became +occasional stars. But Quick and Suett were the king's especial delight. +When Lovegold, in the "Miser," drawled out "a pin a day's a groat a +year," the laugh of the royal circle was somewhat loud; but when Dicky +Gossip exhibited in his vocation, and accompanied the burden of his +song, "Dicky Gossip, Dicky Gossip is the man," with the blasts of his +powder-puff, the cachinnation was loud and long, and the gods prolonged +the chorus of laughter, till the echo died away in the royal box. At +the end of the third act, coffee was handed round to the court circle; +and precisely at eleven the performances finished,--and the flambeaux +gleamed through the dimly-lighted streets of Windsor, as the happy +family returned to their tranquil home. + +There was occasionally a good deal of merriment going forward at +Windsor in these olden days. I have a dim recollection of having danced +in the little garden which was once the moat of the Round Tower, and +which Washington Irving has been pleased to imagine existed in the time +of James I. of Scotland. I have a perfect remembrance of a fete at +Frogmore, about the beginning of the present century, where there was a +Dutch fair,--and haymaking very agreeably performed in white kid gloves +by the belles of the town,--and the buck-basket scene of the "Merry +Wives of Windsor" represented by Fawcett and Mrs. Mattocks, and I think +Mrs. Gibbs, under the colonnade of the house in the open day--and +variegated lamps--and transparencies--and tea served out in tents, with +a magnificent scramble for the bread and butter. There was great good +humour and freedom on all these occasions; and if the grass was damp +and the young ladies caught cold, and the sandwiches were scarce, and +the gentlemen went home hungry--I am sure these little drawbacks were +not to be imputed to the royal entertainers, who delighted to see their +neighbours and dependants happy and joyous. + +A few years passed over my head, and the scene was somewhat changed. +The king and his family migrated from their little lodge into the old +and spacious castle. This was about 1804. The lath and plaster of Sir +William Chambers was abandoned to the equerries and chance visiters of +the court; and the low rooms and dark passages that had scarcely been +tenanted since the days of Anne, were made tolerably habitable by the +aid of diligent upholstery. Upon the whole, the change was not one +which conduced to comfort; and I have heard that the princesses wept +when they quitted their snug boudoirs in the Queen's Lodge. Windsor +Castle, as it was, was a sad patchwork affair. + +The late king and his family had lived at Windsor nearly thirty years, +before it occurred to him to inhabit his own castle. The period at +which he took possession was one of extraordinary excitement. It was +the period of the threatened invasion of England by Napoleon, when, as +was the case with France, upon the manifesto of the Duke of Brunswick, +"the land bristled." + +The doings at Windsor were certainly more than commonly interesting at +that period; and I was just of an age to understand something of their +meaning, and partake the excitement. Sunday was especially a glorious +day; and the description of one Sunday will furnish an adequate picture +of these of two or three years. + +At nine o'clock the sound of martial music was heard in the streets. +The Blues and the Stafford Militia then did duty at Windsor; and though +the one had seen no service since Minden, and most undeservedly bore +the stigma of a past generation; and the other was composed of men who +had never faced any danger but the ignition of a coal-pit;--they were +each a remarkably fine body of soldiers, and the king did well to +countenance them. Of the former regiment George III. had a troop of his +own, and he delighted to wear the regimentals of a captain of the +Blues; and well did his burly form become the cocked hat and heavy +jack-boots which were the fashion of that fine corps in 1805. At nine +o'clock, as I have said, of a Sunday morning, the noise of trumpet and +of drum was heard in the streets of Windsor; for the regiments paraded +in the castle quadrangle. The troops occupied the whole square. At +about ten the king appeared with his family. He passed round the lines, +while the salute was performed; and many a rapid word of inquiry had he +to offer to the colonels who accompanied him. Not always did he wait +for an answer--but that was after the fashion of royalty in general. He +passed onwards towards St. George's Chapel. But the military pomp did +not end in what is called the upper quadrangle. In the lower ward, at a +very humble distance from the regular troops, were drawn up a splendid +body of men, ycleped the Windsor Volunteers; and most gracious were the +nods of royalty to the well-known drapers, and hatters, and +booksellers, who had the honour to hold commissions in that +distinguished regiment. The salutations, however, were short, and +onwards went the cortege, for the chapel bell was tolling in, and the +king was always punctual. + +Great was the crowd to see the king and his family return from chapel; +for by this time London had poured forth its chaises and one, and the +astonished inmates of Cheapside and St. Mary Axe were elbowing each +other to see how a monarch smiled. They saw him well; and often have I +heard the disappointed exclamation, "Is _that_ the king?" They saw a +portly man, in a plain suit of regimentals, and no crown upon his +head. What a fearful falling off from the king of the story-books! + +The terrace, however, was the great Sunday attraction; and though +Bishop Porteus remonstrated with his majesty for suffering people to +crowd together, and bands to play on these occasions, I cannot think +that the good-tempered monarch committed any mortal sin in walking +amongst his people in their holiday attire. This terrace was a motley +scene. + + The peasant's toe did gall the courtier's gibe. + +The barber from Eton and his seven daughters elbowed the dean who +rented his back parlour, when he was in the sixth form,--and who now +was crowding to the front rank for a smile of majesty, having heard +that the Bishop of Chester was seriously indisposed. The prime minister +waited quietly amidst the crush, till the royal party should descend +from their dining-room,--smiling at, if not unheeding, the anxious +inquiries of the stock-broker from Change Alley, who wondered if Mr. +Pitt would carry a gold stick before the king. The only time I saw that +minister was under these circumstances. It was the year before he died. +He stood firmly and proudly amongst the crowd for some half-hour till +the king should arrive. The monarch, of course, immediately recognised +him; the contrast in the demeanour of the two personages made a +remarkable impression upon me--and that of the minister first showed me +an example of the perfect self-possession of men of great abilities. + +After a year or two of this soil of excitement the king became blind; +and painful was the exhibition of the led horse of the good old man, as +he took his accustomed ride. In a few more years a still heavier +calamity fell upon him--and from that time Windsor Castle became, +comparatively, a mournful place. The terrace was shut up--the ancient +pathway through the park, and under the castle walls, was diverted--and +a somewhat Asiatic state and stillness seemed to usurp the reign of the +old free and familiar intercourse of the sovereign with the people. + + + + * * * * * + + + +NOTES OF A READER. + + + * * * * * + + +NAVARINO. + + +Towards the close of the battle of Navarino, one of our midshipmen, a +promising youth of about fourteen, was struck by a cannon-shot, which +carried off both his legs, and his right-hand, with which the poor +fellow had been grasping his cutlass at that moment. He lay in the +gun-room, as nothing could be done for him; and I was informed by one +of the men, that he repeatedly named his mother in a piteous tone, but +soon after rallied a little, and began to inquire eagerly how the +action was going on, and if any more Turkish ships had struck. He +lingered in great agony for about twenty minutes.--From a spirited +description in No. 2, _United Service Journal_, intended for abridgment +probably in our next. + + + * * * * * + + +FRENCH THEATRES. + +The revenue of the thirteen theatres of Paris during last year, +amounted to the great sum of L233,561 sterling; that of the two +establishments for the performance of the _regular drama_ amounting +only to L26,600, or not more than a tithe of the whole. + + + * * * * * + + +ROUSSEAU. + +A mask taken upon the face of Jean Jacques Rousseau after death, +recently fetched, at the sale of the late M. Houdon, 500 francs. The +purchaser has since refused an offer of 15,000 francs for it. + + + * * * * * + + +BRUSSELS + +May be said to be next to Paris, the largest English colony on the +continent; and that there are not fewer at this moment than six +thousand English residents there. This is not at all surprising. +Cheapness of living, of education, of amusements--a mild government and +agreeable society--the abundance of all the necessaries of life, of +fine fruits and vegetables in particular, are temptations; though we +pity those who have not the virtue to resist them. + + + * * * * * + + +WRITING FOR THE STAGE. + +Is it not extraordinary that the manager of a theatre is the only +purveyor who does not know the value of his wares? A bookseller will, +if he approves of a work, pay a certain sum for the copyright, and risk +an additional sum in the publication, at the hazard of losing by the +fiat of a very capricious public, the reading public. But the writer of +a drama must make up his mind to stake the labour of months on the +fortune of a single night. _New Monthly Mag._ + + + * * * * * + + +EXPEDITIONS OF DISCOVERY. + +Narratives of these important and interesting enterprizes multiply so +fast, that we are happy to announce, as preparing for publication, a +series of abstracts of the most recent _Voyages and Overland Journeys_. +They will be printed in an economical volume adapted to all classes of +purchasers, and will contain all the new facts in nautical and +geographical science; details of the _Natural History_ of the +respective countries, the manners and customs of the natives, +&c.--Fernando Po, Timbuctoo, Clapperton's African adventures, and Capt. +Dillon's discoveries relative to the fate of La Perouse, will, of +course, form prominent portions of this work, the popular title of +which will be, "_The Cabinet of Recent Voyages and Travels_." + + + * * * * * + + +BEEF-EATING. + +A facetious gourmand used to say, that he had eaten so much beef for +the last six months, that he was ashamed to look a bullock in the +face.--_Twelve Years' Military Adventures._ + + + * * * * * + + +THE SABBATH. + +If we believe in the divine origin of the commandment, the Sabbath is +instituted for the express purposes of religion. The time set apart is +the "Sabbath of the Lord;" a day on which we are not to work our own +works, or think our own thoughts. The precept is positive, and the +purpose clear. He who has to accomplish his own salvation, must not +carry to tennis courts and skittle grounds the train of reflections +which ought necessarily to be excited by a serious discourse of +religion. The religious part of the Sunday's exercise is not to be +considered as a bitter medicine, the taste of which is as soon as +possible to be removed by a bit of sugar. On the contrary, our +demeanour through the rest of the day ought to be, not sullen +certainly, or morose, but serious and tending to instruction. Give to +the world one half of the Sunday, and you will find that religion has +no strong hold of the other. Pass the morning at church, and the +evening, according to your taste or rank, in the cricket-field, or at +the Opera, and you will soon find thoughts of the evening hazards and +bets intrude themselves on the sermon, and that recollections of the +popular melodies interfere with the psalms. Religion is thus treated +like Lear, to whom his ungrateful daughters first denied one half of +his stipulated attendance, and then made it a question whether they +should grant him any share of what remained.--_Quart. Review._ + + + * * * * * + + +POCKET BOOKS. + +Among the works under this denomination for 1829, we notice two, which +from their almost indispensible utility, deserve the name of _Hardy +Annuals_. The first is _Adcock's Engineers' Pocket Book_, and contains +tables of British weights and measures, multiplication and division +obtained by inspection, tables of squares and cubes and square and +cube roots, and mensuration; tables of the areas and circumferences of +circles, &c.; the mechanical powers, animal strength, mills and +steam-engines, treatises on hydraulics, pneumatics, heat, &c., and on +the strength and heat of materials. To these are superadded the usual +contents of a pocket book, so as to render the present volume a +desirable vade-mecum for the operative, the manufacturer, and engineer. + +One of Mr. Adcock's most popular illustrations will not be +uninteresting to the reader:-- + +_"Force of Gunpowder."_--"If we calculate the quantity of motion +produced by gunpowder, we shall find that this agent, though extremely +convenient, is far more expensive than human labour; but the advantage +of gunpowder consists in the great rarity of the active substance; a +spring or a bow can only act with a moderate velocity on account of its +own weight; the air of the atmosphere, however compressed, could not +flow into a vacuum with a velocity so great as 1,500 feet in a second; +hydrogen gas might move more rapidly; but the elastic substance +produced by gunpowder is capable of propelling a very heavy cannon ball +with a much greater velocity." + +Of an opposite character, but equally useful, and more attractive for +the general reader, is the second,--_The Spoilsman's Pocket Book_, by a +brother of the author of the preceding. Here are the usual pocket-book +contents, and the laws, &c. of British sports and pastimes--as +shooting, angling, hunting, coursing, racing, cricket, and _skating_: +from the latter we subjoin a hint for the benefit of the _Serpentine +Mercuries_; which proves the adage _ex liguo non fit Mercurius_:-- + +"Care should be taken that the muscular movements of the whole body +correspond with the movements of the skates, and that it be regulated +so as to be almost imperceptible to the spectators; for nothing so much +diminishes the grace and elegance of skating as sudden jerks and +exertions. The attitude of drawing the bow and arrow, whilst the skater +is forming a large circle on the outside, is very beautiful, and some +persons, in skating, excel in manual exercises and military salutes." + +The whole series of pocket books by the Messrs. Adcocks, extend, we +believe, to eight, adapted for all descriptions of _industriels_, as +well as for the less occupied, who are not "the architects of their own +fortunes." + + * * * * * + +Dr. Parr was the last learned schoolmaster who was professedly an +amateur of the rod; and in that profession there was more of humour +and affectation than of reality, for with all his habitual affectation +and his occasional brutality, Parr was a good-natured, generous, +warm-hearted man; there was a coarse husk and a hard shell, like the +cocoa-nut, but the core was filled with the milk of human +kindness.--_Quarterly Review._ + + + * * * * * + + +CRANIOLOGY. + +On a celebrated craniologist visiting the _studio_ of a celebrated +sculptor in London, his attention was drawn to a bust with a remarkable +depth of skull from the forehead to the occiput. "What a noble head," +he exclaimed, "is that! full seven inches! What superior powers of mind +must he be endowed with, who possesses such a head as is here +represented!" "Why, yes," says the blunt artist, "he certainly was a +very extraordinary man--that is the bust of my early friend and first +patron, John Horne Tooke." "Ay," answers the craniologist, "you see +there is something after all in our science, notwithstanding the scoffs +of many of your countrymen." "Certainly," says the sculptor; "but here +is another bust, with a greater depth and a still more capacious +forehead." "Bless me!" exclaims the craniologist, taking out his rule, +"eight inches! who can this be? this is indeed a head--in this there +can be no mistake; what depth of intellect, what profundity of thought, +must reside in that skull! this I am sure must belong to some +extraordinary and well-known character." "Why, yes," says the sculptor, +"he is pretty well known--it is the head of Lord Pomfret." + + + * * * * * + + +PRYNNE. + +Anthony A'Wood has informed us that when Prynne studied, "his custom +was to put on a long quilted cap, which came an inch over his eyes, +serving as an umbrella to defend them from too much light, and seldom +eating any dinner. He would be every three hours munching a roll of +bread, and now and then refresh his exhausted spirits with ale." + + + * * * * * + + +GERMAN STUDENTS. + +The German students are a set of young men who certainly pursue their +studies with zeal, but who nevertheless are more brutal in conduct, +more insolent in manner, more slovenly and ruffian-like in appearance, +and more offensive from the fumes of tobacco and beer, onions and +sourcrout, in which they are enveloped, than are to be met with in any +other part of Europe. In a small town of a small state a German +university is a horrible nuisance; and how the elegant court of Weimar, +in particular, can tolerate the existence of one within an hour's ride +of its palace, where we have seen ragamuffins fighting with +broad-swords in the market-place, moves "our special wonder." To the +university of Bonn is attached a rich collection of subjects in natural +history, and a botanical garden; and such is its success, from the +celebrity of its professors, among whom is numbered the illustrious +William Schlegel, that, Dr. Granville states, "there are at this time +about one thousand and twenty students who, for twenty pounds in +university and professors' fees, and forty more for living, get a +first-rate education." The climate and the situation on the banks of +the Rhine are most inviting; and a beautiful avenue of chestnut trees, +nearly a mile in length, joins the castle of Popplesdorf, which +contains the cabinets of natural history, with the university. + + + * * * * * + + +GREAT SEAL OF ENGLAND. + +The Great Seal itself, when not in the king's own custody, was +entrusted to the "Chancellor," whose salary, as fixed by Henry I., +amounted to five shillings per diem, besides a "livery" of provisions. +And the allowance of one pint and a half, or perhaps a quart of claret, +one "gross wax-light," and forty candle-ends, to enable the Chancellor +to carry on his housekeeping, may be considered as a curious +exemplification of primitive temperance and economy.--_Quarterly Rev._ + + * * * * * + +The good people of Weimar appear to be most enthusiastic lovers of +music, affording strong proofs of melomania. Every householder of any +importance subscribes an annual sum to a band of musicians, who go +round in long cloaks to each house, singing fugas and canons, +unaccompanied by instruments, in "the most beautiful and correct style +imaginable,"--something, we suppose, in the style of the Tyrolese +minstrels.--_Ibid._ + + + * * * * * + + +TRAVELLING. + +A friend of ours recently went to Russia by steam, and actually +breakfasted in Moscow the thirteenth morning after he left London. +There is now, he says, a road as good as that to Brighton over three +parts of the distance between St. Petersburg and Moscow--what a change +from 1812!--_Ibid._ + + + + * * * * * + + + +SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS + + + * * * * * + + +THE MURDER HOLE. + +_An Ancient Legend._ + + "Ah, frantic Fear! + I see, I see thee near; + I know thy hurried step, thy haggard eye! + Like thee I start, like thee disorder'd fly! + +COLLINS. + + +In a remote district of country belonging to Lord Cassillis, between +Ayrshire and Galloway, about three hundred years ago, a moor of +apparently boundless extent stretched several miles along the road, and +wearied the eye of the traveller by the sameness and desolation of its +appearance; not a tree varied the prospect--not a shrub enlivened the +eye by its freshness--nor a native flower bloomed to adorn this +ungenial soil. One "lonesome desert" reached the horizon on every side, +with nothing to mark that any mortal had ever visited the scene before, +except a few rude huts that were scattered near its centre; and a road, +or rather pathway, for those whom business or necessity obliged to pass +in that direction. At length, deserted as this wild region had always +been, it became still more gloomy. Strange rumours arose, that the path +of unwary travellers had been beset on this "blasted heath," and that +treachery and murder had intercepted the solitary stranger as he +traversed its dreary extent. When several persons, who were known to +have passed that way, mysteriously disappeared, the inquiries of their +relatives led to a strict and anxious investigation; but though the +officers of justice were sent to scour the country, and examine the +inhabitants, not a trace could be obtained of the persons in question, +nor of any place of concealment which could be a refuge for the lawless +or desperate to horde in. Yet, as inquiry became stricter, and the +disappearance of individuals more frequent, the simple inhabitants of +the neighbouring hamlet were agitated by the most fearful +apprehensions. Some declared that the deathlike stillness of the night +was often interrupted by sudden and preternatural cries of more than +mortal anguish, which seemed to arise in the distance; and a shepherd +one evening, who had lost his way on the moor, declared he had +approached three mysterious figures, who seemed struggling against each +other with supernatural energy, till at length one of them, with a +frightful scream, suddenly sunk into the earth. + +Gradually the inhabitants deserted their dwellings on the heath, and +settled in distant quarters, till at length but one of the cottages +continued to be inhabited by an old woman and her two sons, who loudly +lamented that poverty chained them to this solitary and mysterious +spot. Travellers who frequented this road now generally did so in +groups to protect each other; and if night overtook them, they usually +stopped at the humble cottage of the old woman and her sons, where +cleanliness compensated for the want of luxury, and where, over a +blazing fire of peat, the bolder spirits smiled at the imaginary +terrors of the road, and the more timid trembled as they listened to +the tales of terror and affright with which their hosts entertained +them. + +One gloomy and tempestuous night in November, a pedlar-boy hastily +traversed the moor. Terrified to find himself involved in darkness +amidst its boundless wastes, a thousand frightful traditions, connected +with this dreary scene, darted across his mind--every blast, as it +swept in hollow gusts over the heath, seemed to teem with the sighs of +departed spirits--and the birds, as they winged their way above his +head, appeared, with loud and shrill cries, to warn him of approaching +dagger. The whistle with which he usually beguiled his weary pilgrimage +died away into silence, and he groped along with trembling and +uncertain steps, which sounded too loudly in his ears. The promise of +Scripture occurred to his memory, and revived his courage. "I will be +unto thee as a rock in the desert, and as an hiding-place in the +storm." _Surely_, thought he, _though alone, I am not forsaken;_ and a +prayer for assistance hovered on his lips. + +A light now glimmered in the distance which would lead him, he +conjectured, to the cottage of the old woman; and towards that he +eagerly bent his way, remembering as he hastened along, that when he +had visited it the year before, it was in company with a large party of +travellers, who had beguiled the evening with those tales of mystery +which had so lately filled his brain with images of terror. He +recollected, too, how anxiously the old woman and her sons had +endeavoured to detain him when the other travellers were departing; and +now, therefore, he confidently anticipated a cordial and cheering +reception. His first call for admission obtained no visible marks of +attention, but instantly the greatest noise and confusion prevailed +within the cottage. They think it is one of the supernatural visitants +of whom the old lady talks so much, thought the boy, approaching a +window, where the light within showed him all the inhabitants at their +several occupations; the old woman was hastily scrubbing the stone +floor, and strewing it thickly over with sand, while her two sons +seemed with equal haste to be thrusting something large and heavy into +an immense chest, which they carefully locked. The boy in a frolicsome +mood, thoughtlessly tapped at the window, when they all instantly +started up with consternation so strongly depicted on their +countenances, that he shrunk back involuntarily with an undefined +feeling of apprehension; but before he had time to reflect a moment +longer, one of the men suddenly darted out at the door, and seizing the +boy roughly by the shoulder, dragged him violently into the cottage. "I +am not what you take me for," said the boy, attempting to laugh, "but +only the poor pedlar who visited you last year."--"Are you _alone?_" +inquired the old woman, in a harsh, deep tone, which made his heart +thrill with apprehension. "Yes," said the boy, "I am alone _here_; and +alas!" he added, with a burst of uncontrollable feeling, "I am alone in +the wide world also! Not a person exists who would assist me in +distress, or shed a single tear if I died this very night." "_Then_ you +are welcome!" said one of the men with a sneer, while he cast a glance +of peculiar expression at the other inhabitants of the cottage. + +It was with a shiver of apprehension, rather than of cold, that the boy +drew towards the fire, and the looks which the old woman and her sons +exchanged, made him wish that he had preferred the shelter of any one +of the roofless cottages which were scattered near, rather than trust +himself among persons of such dubious aspect. Dreadful surmises flitted +across his brain; and terrors which he could neither combat nor examine +imperceptibly stole into his mind; but alone, and beyond the reach of +assistance, he resolved to smother his suspicions, or at least not +increase the danger by revealing them. The room to which he retired for +the night had a confused and desolate aspect; the curtains seemed to +have been violently torn down from the bed, and still hung in tatters +around it--the table seemed to have been broken by some violent +concussion, and the fragments of various pieces of furniture lay +scattered upon the floor. The boy begged that a light might burn in his +apartment till he was asleep, and anxiously examined the fastenings of +the door; but they seemed to have been wrenched asunder on some former +occasion, and were still left rusty and broken. + +It was long ere the pedlar attempted to compose his agitated nerves to +rest; but at length his senses began to "steep themselves in +forgetfulness," though his imagination remained painfully active, and +presented new scenes of terror to his mind, with all the vividness of +reality. He fancied himself again wandering on the heath, which +appeared to be peopled with spectres, who all beckoned to him not to +enter the cottage, and as he approached it, they vanished with a hollow +and despairing cry. The scene then changed, and he found himself again +seated by the fire, where the countenances of the men scowled upon him +with the most terrifying malignity, and he thought the old woman +suddenly seized him by the arms, and pinioned them to his side. +Suddenly the boy was startled from these agitated slumbers, by what +sounded to him like a cry of distress; he was broad awake in a moment, +and sat up in bed,--but the noise was not repeated, and he endeavoured +to persuade himself it had only been a continuation of the fearful +images which had disturbed his rest; when, on glancing at the door, he +observed underneath it a broad, red stream of blood silently stealing +its course along the floor. Frantic with alarm, it was but the work of +a moment to spring from his bed, and rush to the door, through a chink +of which, his eye nearly dimmed with affright he could watch +unsuspected whatever might be done in the adjoining room. + +His fear vanished instantly when he perceived that it was only a _goat_ +that they had been slaughtering; and he was about to steal into his bed +again, ashamed of his groundless apprehensions, when his ear was +arrested by a conversation which transfixed him aghast with terror to +the spot. + +"This is an easier job than you had yesterday," said the man who held +the goat. "I wish all the throats we've cut were as easily and quietly +done. Did you ever hear such a noise as the old gentleman made last +night! It was well we had no neighbour within a dozen of miles, or they +must have heard his cries for help and mercy." + +"Don't speak of it," replied the other; "I was never fond of +bloodshed," + +"Ha, ha!" said the other with a sneer, "you say so, do you?" + +"I do," answered the first, gloomily; "the Murder Hole is the thing for +me--_that_ tells no tales--a single scuffle--a single plunge--and the +fellow's dead and buried to your hand in a moment. I would defy all the +officers in Christendom to discover any mischief _there_." + +"Ay, Nature did us a good turn when she contrived such a place as that. +Who that saw a hole in the heath, filled with clear water, and so +small that the long grass meets over the top of it, would suppose that +the depth is unfathomable, and that it conceals more than forty people +who have met their deaths there! it sucks them in like a leech!" + +"How do you mean to dispatch the lad in the next room?" asked the old +woman in an under tone. The elder son made her a sign to be silent, and +pointed towards the door where their trembling auditor was concealed; +while the other, with an expression of brutal ferocity, passed his +bloody knife across his throat. + +The pedlar boy possessed a bold and daring spirit, which was now roused +to desperation; but in any open resistance the odds were so completely +against him, that flight seemed his best resource. He gently stole to +the window, and having by one desperate effort broken the rusty bolt by +which the casement had been fastened, he let himself down without noise +or difficulty. This betokens good, thought he, pausing an instant in +dreadful hesitation what direction to take. This momentary deliberation +was fearfully interrupted by the hoarse voice of the men calling +aloud, "_The boy has fled--let loose the bloodhound!_" These words +sunk like a death-knell on his heart, for escape appeared now +impossible, and his nerves seemed to melt away like wax in a furnace. +Shall I perish without a struggle! thought he, rousing himself to +exertion, and, helpless and terrified as a hare pursued by its ruthless +hunters, he fled across the heath. Soon the baying of the bloodhound +broke the stillness of the night, and the voice of its masters sounded +through the moor, as they endeavoured to accelerate its speed,--panting +and breathless the boy pursued his hopeless career, but every moment +his pursuers seemed to gain upon his failing steps. The hound was +unimpeded by the darkness which was to him so impenetrable, and its +noise rung louder and deeper on his ear--while the lanterns which were +carried by the men gleamed near and distinct upon his vision. + +At his fullest speed, the terrified boy fell with violence over a heap +of stones, and having nothing on but his shirt, he was severely cut in +every limb. With one wild cry to Heaven for assistance, he continued +prostrate on the earth, bleeding, and nearly insensible. The hoarse +voices of the men, and the still louder baying of the dog, were now so +near, that instant destruction seemed inevitable,--already he felt +himself in their fangs, and the bloody knife of the assassin appeared +to gleam before his eyes,--despair renewed his energy, and once more, +in an agony of affright that seemed verging towards madness, he rushed +forward so rapidly that terror seemed to have given wings to his feet. +A loud cry near the spot he had left arose on his ears without +suspending his flight. The hound had stopped at the place where the +Pedlar's wounds bled so profusely, and deeming the chase now over, it +lay down there, and could not be induced to proceed; in vain the men +beat it with frantic violence, and tried again to put the hound on the +scent,--the sight of blood had satisfied the animal that its work was +done, and with dogged resolution it resisted every inducement to pursue +the same scent a second time. The pedlar boy in the meantime paused not +in his flight till morning dawned--and still as he fled, the noise of +steps seemed to pursue him, and the cry of his assassins still sounded +in the distance. Ten miles off he reached a village, and spread instant +alarm throughout the neighbourhood--the inhabitants were aroused with +one accord into a tumult of indignation--several of them had lost sons, +brothers, or friends on the heath, and all united in proceeding +instantly to seize the old woman and her sons, who were nearly torn to +pieces by their violence. Three gibbets were immediately raised on the +moor, and the wretched culprits confessed before their execution to the +destruction of nearly fifty victims in the Murder Hole which they +pointed out, and near which they suffered the penalty of their crimes. +The bones of several murdered persons were with difficulty brought up +from the abyss into which they had been thrust; but so narrow is the +aperture, and so extraordinary the depth, that all who see it are +inclined to coincide in the tradition of the country people that it is +unfathomable. The scene of these events still continues nearly as it +was 300 years ago. The remains of the old cottage, with its blackened +walls (haunted of course by a thousand evil spirits,) and the extensive +moor, on which a more modern _inn_ (if it can be dignified with such an +epithet) resembles its predecessor in every thing but the character of +its inhabitants; the landlord is deformed, but possesses extraordinary +genius; he has himself manufactured a violin, on which he plays with +untaught skill,--and if any _discord_ be heard in the house, or any +_murder_ committed in it, this is his only instrument. His daughter +(who has never travelled beyond the heath) has inherited her father's +talent, and learnt all his tales of terror and superstition, which she +relates with infinite spirit; but when you are led by her across the +heath to drop a stone into that deep and narrow gulf to which our story +relates,--when you stand on its slippery edge, and (parting the long +grass with which it is covered) gaze into its mysterious depths,--when +she describes, with all the animation of an _eye witness_, the +struggles of the victims grasping the grass as a last hope of +preservation, and trying to drag in their assassin as an expiring +effort of vengeance,--when you are told that for 300 years the clear +waters in this diamond of the desert have remained untasted by mortal +lips, and that the solitary traveller is still pursued at night by the +howling of the bloodhound,--it is _then only_ that it is possible fully +to appreciate the terrors of THE MURDER HOLE. + +_Blackwood's Magazine._ + + + * * * * * + + +DANCING. + + I never to a ball will go, + That poor pretence for prancing, + Where Jenkins dislocates a toe, + And Tomkins _thinks_ he's dancing: + And most I execrate that ball, + Of balls the most atrocious, + Held yearly in old Magog's hall, + The feasting and ferocious. + + I execrate the mob, the squeeze, + The rough refreshment-scramble: + The dancers, keeping time with knees + That knock as down they amble; + Between two lines of bankers' clerks, + Stared at by two of loobies-- + All mighty fine for city sparks, + But all and each one boobies:-- + + Boobies with heads like poodle-dogs, + With curls like clew-lines dangling; + With limbs like galvanizing frogs, + And necks stiff-starched and strangling; + With pigeon-breasts and pigeon-wings, + And waists like wasps and spiders; + With whiskers like Macready's kings', + Mustachios like El Hyder's. + + Miss Jones, the Moorfields milliner, + With Toilinet, the draper, + May waltz--for none are _willinger_ + To cut cloth or a caper.-- + Miss Moses of the Minories, + With Mr. Wicks of Wapping, + May love such light tracasseries, + Such shuffle shoe and hopping: + + Miss Hicks, the belle of Holywell, + And pride of Norton Falgate, + In waltzing may the world excel, + Except Miss Hicks of Aldgate. + Well, let them--'tis their nature--twirl, + And Smiths adore their twirlings, + Which kill with envy every girl + That fingers lace at Urling's, + + I laugh while I lament to see + A fellow, made to measure + 'Gainst grenadiers of six feet three, + "Die down the dance" with pleasure. + I laugh to see a man with thews + His way through Misses picking, + Like pig with tender pettitoes, + Or chicken-hearted chicken; + + A tom-cat shod with walnut-shells, + A pony race in pattens, + A wagon-horse tricked out with bells, + A sow in silks and satins, + A butcher's hair _en papillote_, + And lounging Piccadilly, + A clown in an embroidered coat, + Are not more gauche and silly. + + Let atoms take their dusty dance, + But men are not corpuscles: + An Englishman's not made in France, + Nor wire and buckram muscles. + The manly leap, the breathing race, + The wrestle, or old cricket, + Give to the limbs a native grace-- + So, here's for double-wicket. + + Leave dancing to the women, Men-- + In them it is becoming;-- + I never tire to see them, when + Joe Hart his fiddle's strumming, + Or Colinet and mild Musard + Have set their hearts quadrilling;-- + Then be each nymph a gay Brocard, + And every woman killing. + + I love to see the pretty dears + Go lightly caracolling, + And drinking love at eyes and ears, + With every look their soul in! + I like to watch the swan-like grace + They show in minuetting. + It hits one's bosom's tenderest place, + To see them pirouetting. + + But when a measurer of tape + Turns butterfly and dandy, + Assumes their grace, their air, their shape, + I wish a pump were handy! + I never to such balls will go, + Those poor pretexts for prancing; + Where Jenkins dislocates his toe, + And Tomkins _thinks_ he's dancing. + +_Monthly Magazine._ + + + + * * * * * + + + +THE GATHERER. + + + A snapper up of unconsidered trifles. + +SHAKSPEARE. + + + * * * * * + + +FAMILY RECKONING. + +Two Irishmen lately met, who had not seen each other since their +arrival from Dublin's fair city. Pat exclaimed, "How are you, my honey; +how is Biddy Sulivan, Judy O'Connell, and Daniel O'Keefe?" "Oh! my +jewel," answered the other, "Biddy has got so many children that she +will soon be a grandfather; Judy has six, but they have no father at +all, for she never was married. And, as for Daniel, he's grown so thin, +that he is as thin as us both put together." + +W. G. C. + + + * * * * * + + +VARY-WEEL WHILE IT LASTS. + +Two old Scotch gentlemen, having left their better halves in the Land +o' Cakes, on quitting Covent Garden theatre were discussing the merits +of the play, the School for Scandal. "I was vary gled to see Sir Peter +and my Leddy Tizzle sic gude frinds agin, Mr. M'Dougal, what think ye?" +"Eh, mon, vary weel while it lasts, but it's just Mrs. M'Dougal's way. +I'se warrant they're at it agin afore we are doon in our beds mon." +Poor Sheridan should have heard this himself. + + + * * * * * + + +One of his majesty's frigates being at anchor on a winter's night, in +a tremendous gale of wind, the ground broke, and she began to drive. +The lieutenant of the watch ran down to the captain and awoke him from +his sleep, and told him the anchor had come home. "Well," said the +captain, rubbing his eyes, "I think our anchor is perfectly right, for +who the d---- would stay out such a night as this?" + +W. G. C. + + + * * * * * + + +Beer was first introduced into England in 1492; into Scotland as early +as 1482. By the statute of King James I. one full quart of the best +beer or ale was to be sold for one penny, and two quarts of small beer +for one penny. + + + * * * * * + + +In the museum of Stuttgard, is a portrait of the Countess of Salzburg, +who, at the age of 50 years, had mustachios, whiskers, and a beard, as +long and as black as those of any man. + + + * * * * * + + +TRIAL BY JURY. + +The following anecdote is given in "_Lettres tres sur l'Angleterre par +A. de Stael Holstein_." "King George III. once gave directions for +closing up a gate and a road in his own park at Richmond, which had +been free to foot passengers for many years. A citizen of Richmond, who +found the road convenient to the inhabitants of that village, took up +the cause of his neighbours. He contended, that, although the +thoroughfare might have been originally an encroachment, it had become +public property by the lapse of time, and by prescriptive right, and +that he should compel the king to re-open it. He brought his suit, +without hesitating, into a court of justice, and gained his process." + + + * * * * * + + +This day is published, price 5s. with a Frontispiece, and thirty other +Engravings, the + +ARCANA OF SCIENCE, AND ANNUAL REGISTER OF THE USEFUL ARTS, FOR 1829. + +The MECHANICAL department contains ONE HUNDRED New Inventions and +Discoveries, with 14 _Engravings_. + +CHEMICAL, SEVENTY articles, with 2 _Engravings_. + +NATURAL HISTORY, 135 New Facts and Discoveries, with 7 _Engravings_. + +ASTRONOMICAL and METEOROLOGICAL PHENOMENA--35 articles--6 _Engravings_. + +AGRICULTURE, GARDENING, and RURAL ECONOMY, 106 _Articles_. + +DOMESTIC ECONOMY 50 _Articles_. + +USEFUL ARTS, 50 _Articles_. + +FINE ARTS. + +PUBLIC IMPROVEMENTS. + +MISCELLANEOUS REGISTER, &c. + +"We hope the editor will publish a similar volume +annually."--_Gardener's Magazine._ + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, +and Instruction, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MIRROR OF LITERATURE, NO. 355 *** + +***** This file should be named 10950.txt or 10950.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/1/0/9/5/10950/ + +Produced by Jonathan Ingram, and the Online Distributed Proofreading +Team. + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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